﻿TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recent advances in the detection of respiratory virus infection in humans
AU  - Zhang, N.
AU  - Wang, L.
AU  - Deng, X.
AU  - Liang, R.
AU  - Su, M.
AU  - He, C.
AU  - Hu, L.
AU  - Su, Y.
AU  - Ren, J.
AU  - Yu, F.
AU  - Du, L.
AU  - Jiang, S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Respiratory tract viral infection caused by viruses or bacteria is one of the most common diseases in human worldwide, while those caused by emerging viruses, such as the novel coronavirus, 2019-nCoV that caused the pneumonia outbreak in Wuhan, China most recently, have posed great threats to global public health. Identification of the causative viral pathogens of respiratory tract viral infections is important to select an appropriate treatment, save people's lives, stop the epidemics, and avoid unnecessary use of antibiotics. Conventional diagnostic tests, such as the assays for rapid detection of antiviral antibodies or viral antigens, are widely used in many clinical laboratories. With the development of modern technologies, new diagnostic strategies, including multiplex nucleic acid amplification and microarray-based assays, are emerging. This review summarizes currently available and novel emerging diagnostic methods for the detection of common respiratory viruses, such as influenza virus, human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), coronavirus, human adenovirus (hAdV), and human rhinovirus (hRV). Multiplex assays for simultaneous detection of multiple respiratory viruses are also described. It is anticipated that such data will assist researchers and clinicians to develop appropriate diagnostic strategies for timely and effective detection of respiratory virus infections. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
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AN  - 31944312
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25674
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pneumonia of Unknown Etiology in Wuhan, China: Potential for International Spread Via Commercial Air Travel
AU  - Bogoch, I. I.
AU  - Watts, A.
AU  - Thomas-Bachli, A.
AU  - Huber, C.
AU  - Kraemer, M. U. G.
AU  - Khan, K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - There is currently an outbreak of a pneumonia of unknown etiology in Wuhan, China. While there are still several unanswered questions, we evaluate the potential for international dissemination of this disease via commercial air travel should the outbreak continue.
JO  - Journal of travel medicine
PB  - 
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AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/jtm/taaa008
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L630637437 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jtm/taaa008 https://watermark.silverchair.com/taaa008.pdf?token=AQECAHi208BE49Ooan9kkhW_Ercy7Dm3ZL_9Cf3qfKAc485ysgAAAoYwggKCBgkqhkiG9w0BBwagggJzM
NS  - 
N1  - Jose  Garnica (2020-01-29 23:40:16)(Included): ref1; elizabeth mumford (2020-01-29 00:32:49)(Select): Epi; Fatima Serhan (2020-01-28 23:30:29)(Select): test-Epi; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China, 2019
AU  - Zhu, N.
AU  - Zhang, D.
AU  - Wang, W.
AU  - Li, X.
AU  - Yang, B.
AU  - Song, J.
AU  - Zhao, X.
AU  - Huang, B.
AU  - Shi, W.
AU  - Lu, R.
AU  - Niu, P.
AU  - Zhan, F.
AU  - Ma, X.
AU  - Wang, D.
AU  - Xu, W.
AU  - Wu, G.
AU  - Gao, G. F.
AU  - Tan, W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, a cluster of patients with pneumonia of unknown cause was linked to a seafood wholesale market in Wuhan, China. A previously unknown betacoronavirus was discovered through the use of unbiased sequencing in samples from patients with pneumonia. Human airway epithelial cells were used to isolate a novel coronavirus, named 2019-nCoV, which formed another clade within the subgenus sarbecovirus, Orthocoronavirinae subfamily. Different from both MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV, 2019-nCoV is the seventh member of the family of coronaviruses that infect humans. Enhanced surveillance and further investigation are ongoing. (Funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China and the National Major Project for Control and Prevention of Infectious Disease in China.).
JO  - The New England journal of medicine
PB  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 31978945
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMoa2001017
UR  - https://www.nejm.org/doi/pdf/10.1056/NEJMoa2001017?articleTools=true
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Novel Coronavirus Emerging in China - Key Questions for Impact Assessment
AU  - Munster, V. J.
AU  - Koopmans, M.
AU  - van Doremalen, N.
AU  - van Riel, D.
AU  - de Wit, E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The New England journal of medicine
PB  - 
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VL  - 
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PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 31978293
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMp2000929
UR  - https://www.nejm.org/doi/pdf/10.1056/NEJMp2000929?articleTools=true
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Molecular mechanism for antibody-dependent enhancement of coronavirus entry
AU  - Wan, Y.
AU  - Shang, J.
AU  - Sun, S.
AU  - Tai, W.
AU  - Chen, J.
AU  - Geng, Q.
AU  - He, L.
AU  - Chen, Y.
AU  - Wu, J.
AU  - Shi, Z.
AU  - Zhou, Y.
AU  - Du, L.
AU  - Li, F.
PY  - 2019
PD  - 
N2  - Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of viral entry has been a major concern for epidemiology, vaccine development and antibody-based drug therapy. However, the molecular mechanism behind ADE is still elusive. Coronavirus spike protein mediates viral entry into cells by first binding to a receptor on host cell surface and then fusing viral and host membranes. Here we investigated how a neutralizing monoclonal antibody (mAb), which targets the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of MERS coronavirus spike, mediates viral entry using pseudovirus entry and biochemical assays. Our results showed that mAb binds to the virus-surface spike, allowing it to undergo conformational changes and become prone to proteolytic activation. Meanwhile, mAb binds to cell-surface IgG Fc receptor, guiding viral entry through canonical viral-receptor-dependent pathways. Our data suggest that the antibody/Fc-receptor complex functionally mimics viral receptor in mediating viral entry. Moreover, we characterized mAb dosages in viral-receptor-dependent, antibody-dependent, and both-receptors-dependent entry pathways, delineating guidelines on mAb usages in treating viral infections. Our study reveals a novel molecular mechanism for antibody-enhanced viral entry and can guide future vaccination and antiviral strategies.Significance Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of viral entry has been observed for many viruses. It was shown that antibodies target one serotype of viruses but only sub-neutralize another, leading to ADE of the latter viruses. Here we identify a novel mechanism for ADE: a neutralizing antibody binds to the virus-surface spike protein of coronaviruses like a viral receptor, triggers a conformational change of the spike, and mediates viral entry into IgG-Fc-receptor-expressing cells through canonical viral-receptor-dependent pathways. We further evaluated how antibody dosages impacted viral entry into cells expressing viral receptor, Fc receptor, or both receptors. This study reveals complex roles of antibodies in viral entry and can guide future vaccine design and antibody-based drug therapy.
JO  - Journal of virology
PB  - 
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AN  - 
DO  - 10.1128/JVI.02015-19
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L630180408 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JVI.02015-19 https://jvi.asm.org/content/early/2019/12/05/JVI.02015-19
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Homologous recombination within the spike glycoprotein of the newly identified coronavirus may boost cross-species transmission from snake to human
AU  - Ji, W.
AU  - Wang, W.
AU  - Zhao, X.
AU  - Zai, J.
AU  - Li, X.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The current outbreak of viral pneumonia in the city of Wuhan, China, was caused by a novel coronavirus designated 2019-nCoV by the World Health Organization, as determined by sequencing the viral RNA genome. Many patients were potentially exposed to wildlife animals at the Huanan seafood wholesale market, where poultry, snake, bats, and other farm animals were also sold. To determine the possible virus reservoir, we have carried out comprehensive sequence analysis and comparison in conjunction with relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU) bias among different animal species based on existing sequences of the newly identified coronavirus 2019-nCoV. Results obtained from our analyses suggest that the 2019-nCoV appears to be a recombinant virus between the bat coronavirus and an origin-unknown coronavirus. The recombination occurred within the viral spike glycoprotein, which recognizes cell surface receptor. Additionally, our findings suggest that snake is the most probable wildlife animal reservoir for the 2019-nCoV based on its RSCU bias resembling snake compared to other animals. Taken together, our results suggest that homologous recombination within the spike glycoprotein may contribute to cross-species transmission from snake to humans. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 31967321
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25682
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster
AU  - Chan, Jasper Fuk-Woo
AU  - Yuan, Shuofeng
AU  - Kok, Kin-Hang
AU  - To, Kelvin Kai-Wang
AU  - Chu, Hin
AU  - Yang, Jin
AU  - Xing, Fanfan
AU  - Liu, Jieling
AU  - Yip, Cyril Chik-Yan
AU  - Poon, Rosana Wing-Shan
AU  - Tsoi, Hoi-Wah
AU  - Lo, Simon Kam-Fai
AU  - Chan, Kwok-Hung
AU  - Poon, Vincent Kwok-Man
AU  - Chan, Wan-Mui
AU  - Ip, Jonathan Daniel
AU  - Cai, Jian-Piao
AU  - Cheng, Vincent Chi-Chung
AU  - Chen, Honglin
AU  - Hui, Christopher Kim-Ming
AU  - Yuen, Kwok-Yung
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - BackgroundAn ongoing outbreak of pneumonia associated with a novel coronavirus was reported in Wuhan city, Hubei province, China. Affected patients were geographically linked with a local wet market as a potential source. No data on person-to-person or nosocomial transmission have been published to date.
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
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AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30154-9
UR  - https://teams.microsoft.com/l/file/F8B7FBC5-C0BC-449D-B8C9-AB76C8E70B10?tenantId=f610c0b7-bd24-4b39-810b-3dc280afb590&fileType=pdf&objectUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fworldhealthorg.sharepoint.com%2Fsites%2FLibraryCoronavirus2019CoV%2FShared%20Documents%2FGeneral%2FC
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epitope-based peptide vaccine design and target site depiction against Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus: An immune-informatics study
AU  - Tahir Ul Qamar, M.
AU  - Saleem, S.
AU  - Ashfaq, U. A.
AU  - Bari, A.
AU  - Anwar, F.
AU  - Alqahtani, S.
PY  - 2019
PD  - 
N2  - Background: Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-COV) is the main cause of lung and kidney infections in developing countries such as Saudi Arabia and South Korea. This infectious single-stranded, positive (+) sense RNA virus enters the host by binding to dipeptidyl-peptide receptors. Since no vaccine is yet available for MERS-COV, rapid case identification, isolation, and infection prevention strategies must be used to combat the spreading of MERS-COV infection. Additionally, there is a desperate need for vaccines and antiviral strategies. Methods: The present study used immuno-informatics and computational approaches to identify conserved B-and T cell epitopes for the MERS-COV spike (S) protein that may perform a significant role in eliciting the resistance response to MERS-COV infection. Results: Many conserved cytotoxic T-lymphocyte epitopes and discontinuous and linear B-cell epitopes were predicted for the MERS-COV S protein, and their antigenicity and interactions with the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) B7 allele were estimated. Among B-cell epitopes, QLQMGFGITVQYGT displayed the highest antigenicity-score, and was immensely immunogenic. Among T-cell epitopes, MHC class-I peptide YKLQPLTFL and MHC class-II peptide YCILEPRSG were identified as highly antigenic. Furthermore, docking analyses revealed that the predicted peptides engaged in strong bonding with the HLA-B7 allele. Conclusion: The present study identified several MERS-COV S protein epitopes that are conserved among various isolates from different countries. The putative antigenic epitopes may prove effective as novel vaccines for eradication and combating of MERS-COV infection.
JO  - Journal of Translational Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 17
IS  - 1
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s12967-019-2116-8
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L629780505 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12967-019-2116-8 https://translational-medicine.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s12967-019-2116-8
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of 99 Cases of 2019-Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Pneumonia in Wuhan, China
AU  - Chen, Nanshan and Zhou, Min and Dong, Xuan and Qu, Jieming and Gong, Fengyun and Han, Yang and Qiu, Yang and Wang, Jingli and Liu, Ying and Wei, Yuan and Xia, Jia'an and Yu, Ting and Zhang, Xinxin and Zhang, Li,
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 26 p.
SP  - 26 p.
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3523861
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Emerging understandings of 2019-nCoV
AU  - The Lancet
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 31986259
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30186-0
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31986259
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Early Transmissibility Assessment of a Novel Coronavirus in Wuhan, China
AU  - Majumder, Maimuna and Mandl, Kenneth D.
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - Between December 1, 2019 and January 26, 2020, nearly 3000 cases of respiratory illness caused by a novel coronavirus originating in Wuhan, China have been reported. In this short analysis, we combine publicly available cumulative case data from the ongoing outbreak with phenomenological modeling methods to conduct an early transmissibility assessment. Our model suggests that the basic reproduction number associated with the outbreak (at time of writing) may range from 2.0 to 3.1. Though these estimates are preliminary and subject to change, they are consistent with previous findings regarding the transmissibility of the related SARS-Coronavirus and indicate the possibility of epidemic potential.
JO  - SSRN
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 7 p.
SP  - 7 p.
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3524675
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China
AU  - Huang, C.
AU  - Wang, Y.
AU  - Li, X.
AU  - Ren, L.
AU  - Zhao, J.
AU  - Hu, Y.
AU  - Zhang, L.
AU  - Fan, G.
AU  - Xu, J.
AU  - Gu, X.
AU  - Cheng, Z.
AU  - Yu, T.
AU  - Xia, J.
AU  - Wei, Y.
AU  - Wu, W.
AU  - Xie, X.
AU  - Yin, W.
AU  - Li, H.
AU  - Liu, M.
AU  - Xiao, Y.
AU  - Gao, H.
AU  - Guo, L.
AU  - Xie, J.
AU  - Wang, G.
AU  - Jiang, R.
AU  - Gao, Z.
AU  - Jin, Q.
AU  - Wang, J.
AU  - Cao, B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A recent cluster of pneumonia cases in Wuhan, China, was caused by a novel betacoronavirus, the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). We report the epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and radiological characteristics and treatment and clinical outcomes of these patients.|All patients with suspected 2019-nCoV were admitted to a designated hospital in Wuhan. We prospectively collected and analysed data on patients with laboratory-confirmed 2019-nCoV infection by real-time RT-PCR and next-generation sequencing. Data were obtained with standardised data collection forms shared by the International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection Consortium from electronic medical records. Researchers also directly communicated with patients or their families to ascertain epidemiological and symptom data. Outcomes were also compared between patients who had been admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) and those who had not.|By Jan 2, 2020, 41 admitted hospital patients had been identified as having laboratory-confirmed 2019-nCoV infection. Most of the infected patients were men (30 [73%] of 41); less than half had underlying diseases (13 [32%]), including diabetes (eight [20%]), hypertension (six [15%]), and cardiovascular disease (six [15%]). Median age was 49·0 years (IQR 41·0-58·0). 27 (66%) of 41 patients had been exposed to Huanan seafood market. One family cluster was found. Common symptoms at onset of illness were fever (40 [98%] of 41 patients), cough (31 [76%]), and myalgia or fatigue (18 [44%]); less common symptoms were sputum production (11 [28%] of 39), headache (three [8%] of 38), haemoptysis (two [5%] of 39), and diarrhoea (one [3%] of 38). Dyspnoea developed in 22 (55%) of 40 patients (median time from illness onset to dyspnoea 8·0 days [IQR 5·0-13·0]). 26 (63%) of 41 patients had lymphopenia. All 41 patients had pneumonia with abnormal findings on chest CT. Complications included acute respiratory distress syndrome (12 [29%]), RNAaemia (six [15%]), acute cardiac injury (five [12%]) and secondary infection (four [10%]). 13 (32%) patients were admitted to an ICU and six (15%) died. Compared with non-ICU patients, ICU patients had higher plasma levels of IL2, IL7, IL10, GSCF, IP10, MCP1, MIP1A, and TNFα.|The 2019-nCoV infection caused clusters of severe respiratory illness similar to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and was associated with ICU admission and high mortality. Major gaps in our knowledge of the origin, epidemiology, duration of human transmission, and clinical spectrum of disease need fulfilment by future studies.|Ministry of Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Natural Science Foundation of China, and Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission.
JO  - Lancet
PB  - 
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VL  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 31986264
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31986264
NS  - 
N1  - elizabeth mumford (2020-02-15 02:01:17)(Included): linked to #840; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Characterization of novel monoclonal antibodies against MERS-coronavirus spike protein
AU  - Goo, J.
AU  - Jeong, Y.
AU  - Park, Y. S.
AU  - Yang, E.
AU  - Jung, D. I.
AU  - Rho, S.
AU  - Park, U.
AU  - Sung, H.
AU  - Park, P. G.
AU  - Choi, J. A.
AU  - Seo, S. H.
AU  - Cho, N. H.
AU  - Lee, H.
AU  - Lee, J. M.
AU  - Kim, J. O.
AU  - Song, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) causes severe pulmonary infection, with approximately 35% mortality. Spike glycoprotein (S) of MERS-CoV is a key target for vaccines and therapeutics because S mediates viral entry and membrane-fusion to host cells. Here, four different S subunit proteins, receptor-binding domain (RBD; 358-606 aa), S1 (1-751 aa), S2 (752-1296 aa), and SDeltaTM (1-1296 aa), were generated using the baculoviral system and immunized in mice to develop neutralizing antibodies. We developed 77 hybridomas and selected five neutralizing mAbs by immunization with SDeltaTM against MERS-CoV EMC/2012 strain S-pseudotyped lentivirus. However, all five mAbs did not neutralize the pseudotyped V534A mutation. Additionally, one mAb RBD-14F8 did not show neutralizing activity against pseudoviruses with amino acid substitution of L506 F or D509 G (England1 strain, EMC/2012 L506 F, and EMC/2012 D509 G), and RBD-43E4 mAb could not neutralize the pseudotyped I529 T mutation, while three other neutralizing mAbs showed broad neutralizing activity. This implies that the mutation in residue 506-509, 529, and 534 of S is critical to generate neutralization escape variants of MERS-CoV. Interestingly, all five neutralizing mAbs have binding affinity to RBD, although most mAbs generated by RBD did not have neutralizing activity. Additionally, chimeric antibodies of RBD-14F8 and RBD-43E4 with human Fc and light chain showed neutralizing effect against wild type MERS-CoV KOR/KNIH/002, similar to the original mouse mAbs. Thus, our mAbs can be utilized for the identification of specific mutations of MERS-CoV.
JO  - Virus research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 197863
SP  - 197863
EP  - 
AN  - 31945421
DO  - 10.1016/j.virusres.2020.197863
UR  - https://pdf.sciencedirectassets.com/271060/1-s2.0-S0168170220X00025/1-s2.0-S0168170219307506/main.pdf?X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEBEaCXVzLWVhc3QtMSJHMEUCIQDOp1keGN6lRzr8i9oV1Y3Z5fCNaVp8YK1SI5KdcVGH4wIgCXTDcL00g8E1B0gu5ydVeu7p301vtqwDGAQUqu8%2Fq%
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Antigen Capture Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Detecting Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus in Humans
AU  - Fung, J.
AU  - Lau, S. K. P.
AU  - Woo, P. C. Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) is the second novel zoonotic disease infecting humans caused by coronavirus (CoV) in this century. To date, more than 2200 laboratory-confirmed human cases have been identified in 27 countries, and more than 800 MERS-CoV associated deaths have been reported since its outbreak in 2012. Rapid laboratory diagnosis of MERS-CoV is the key to successful containment and prevention of the spread of infection. Though the gold standard for diagnosing MERS-CoV infection in humans is still nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) of the up-E region, an antigen capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) could also be of use for early diagnosis in less developed locations. In the present method, a step-by-step guide to perform a MERS-CoV nucleocapsid protein (NP) capture ELISA using two NP-specific monoclonal antibodies is provided for readers to develop their in-house workflow or diagnostic kit for clinical use and for mass-screening project of animals (e.g., dromedaries and bats) to better understand the spread and evolution of the virus.
JO  - Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 2099
IS  - 
PG  - 89-97
SP  - 89
EP  - 97
AN  - 31883089
DO  - 10.1007/978-1-0716-0211-9_7
UR  - https://link.springer.com/protocol/10.1007%2F978-1-0716-0211-9_7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Emergence of a novel coronavirus causing respiratory illness from Wuhan, China
AU  - Tang, Julian W.
AU  - Tambyah, Paul A.
AU  - Hui, David S.C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.01.014
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0163445320300384
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Full-genome evolutionary analysis of the novel corona virus (2019-nCoV) rejects the hypothesis of emergence as a result of a recent recombination event
AU  - Paraskevis, D.
AU  - Kostaki, E.G.
AU  - Magiorkinis, G.
AU  - Panayiotakopoulos, G.
AU  - Sourvinos, G.
AU  - Tsiodras, S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background A novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) associated with human to human transmission and severe human infection has been recently reported from the city of Wuhan in China. Our objectives were to characterize the genetic relationships of the 2019-nCoV and to search for putative recombination within the subgenus of sarbecovirus. Methods Putative recombination was investigated by RDP4 and Simplot v3.5.1 and discordant phylogenetic clustering in individual genomic fragments was confirmed by phylogenetic analysis using maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods. Results Our analysis suggests that the 2019-nCoV although closely related to BatCoV RaTG13 sequence throughout the genome (sequence similarity 96.3%), shows discordant clustering with the Bat_SARS-like coronavirus sequences. Specifically, in the 5′-part spanning the first 11,498 nucleotides and the last 3′-part spanning 24,341–30,696 positions, 2019-nCoV and RaTG13 formed a single cluster with Bat_SARS-like coronavirus sequences, whereas in the middle region spanning the 3′-end of ORF1a, the ORF1b and almost half of the spike regions, 2019-nCoV and RaTG13 grouped in a separate distant lineage within the sarbecovirus branch. Conclusions The levels of genetic similarity between the 2019-nCoV and RaTG13 suggest that the latter does not provide the exact variant that caused the outbreak in humans, but the hypothesis that 2019-nCoV has originated from bats is very likely. We show evidence that the novel coronavirus (2019-nCov) is not-mosaic consisting in almost half of its genome of a distinct lineage within the betacoronavirus. These genomic features and their potential association with virus characteristics and virulence in humans need further attention.
JO  - Infection, Genetics and Evolution
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 104212
SP  - 104212
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104212
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1567134820300447
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The association between domestic train transportation and novel coronavirus outbreak in China, from 2019 to 2020: A data-driven correlational report
AU  - Zhao, Shi
AU  - Zhuang, Zian
AU  - Ran, Jinjun
AU  - Lin, Jiaer
AU  - Yang, Guangpu
AU  - Yang, Lin
AU  - He, Daihai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101568
SP  - 101568
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101568
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893920300181
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Updated understanding of the outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in Wuhan, China
AU  - Wang, Weier
AU  - Tang, Jianming
AU  - Wei, Fangqiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - ABSTRACT Background To help health workers and the public recognize and deal with the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) quickly, effectively and calmly with an updated understanding. Methods A comprehensive search from Chinese and worldwide official websites and announcements was performed between 1 Dec 2019 to 9:30 am 26 Jan 2020 (Beijing time). A latest summary of 2019-nCoV and the current outbreak was drawn. Results Up to 24 pm 25 Jan 2020, a total 1,975 cases were confirmed infection of 2019-nCoV in China mainland with a total of 56 deaths occurred. The latest mortality was approximately 2.84% with a total 2,684 cases still suspected. The China National Health Commission reported the details of the first 17 deaths up to 24 pm 22 Jan 2020. The deaths included 13 males and 4 females. The median age of the deaths was 75 (range 48-89) years. Fever (64.7%) and cough (52.9%) were the most common first symptoms in deaths. The median days from first symptom to death were 14.0 (range 6-41) days, and tended to be shorter among people of 70-year old or above (11.5 [range 6-19] days) than those with ages below 70-year old (20 [range 10-41] days, P=0.033). Conclusion The infection of 2019-nCoV is spreading and increasing nationwide. The first occurred deaths were majorly elderly people who might have faster disease progresses. The public should still be cautious in dealing with the virus and paying more attention to protect elderly people from the virus. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25689
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25689
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Emergence of SARS-like Coronavirus poses new challenge in China
AU  - Wang, Ruichen
AU  - Zhang, Xu
AU  - Irwin, David M.
AU  - Shen, Yongyi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.01.017
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0163445320300578
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Receptor recognition by novel coronavirus from Wuhan: An analysis based on decade-long structural studies of SARS
AU  - Wan, Yushun
AU  - Shang, Jian
AU  - Graham, Rachel
AU  - Baric, Ralph S.
AU  - Li, Fang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Recently a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) has emerged from Wuhan, China, causing symptoms in humans similar to those caused by SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV). Since SARS-CoV outbreak in 2002, extensive structural analyses have revealed key atomic-level interactions between SARS-CoV spike protein receptor-binding domain (RBD) and its host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which regulate both the cross-species and human-to-human transmissions of SARS-CoV. Here we analyzed the potential receptor usage by 2019-nCoV, based on the rich knowledge about SARS-CoV and the newly released sequence of 2019-nCoV. First, the sequence of 2019-nCoV RBD, including its receptor-binding motif (RBM) that directly contacts ACE2, is similar to that of SARS-CoV, strongly suggesting that 2019-nCoV uses ACE2 as its receptor. Second, several critical residues in 2019-nCoV RBM (particularly Gln493) provide favorable interactions with human ACE2, consistent with 2019-nCoV&#039;s capacity for human cell infection. Third, several other critical residues in 2019-nCoV RBM (particularly Asn501) are compatible with, but not ideal for, binding human ACE2, suggesting that 2019-nCoV has acquired some capacity for human-to-human transmission. Last, while phylogenetic analysis indicates a bat origin of 2019-nCoV, 2019-nCoV also potentially recognizes ACE2 from a diversity of animal species (except mice and rats), implicating these animal species as possible intermediate hosts or animal models for 2019-nCoV infections. These analyses provide insights into the receptor usage, cell entry, host cell infectivity and animal origin of 2019-nCoV, and may help epidemic surveillance and preventive measures against 2019-nCoV.SignificanceThe recent emergence of Wuhan coronavirus (2019-nCoV) puts the world on alert. 2019-nCoV is reminiscent of the SARS-CoV outbreak in 2002-2003. Our decade-long structural studies on the receptor recognition by SARS-CoV have identified key interactions between SARS-CoV spike protein and its host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which regulate both the cross-species and human-to-human transmissions of SARS-CoV. One of the goals of SARS-CoV research was to build an atomic-level iterative framework of virus-receptor interactions to facilitate epidemic surveillance, predict species-specific receptor usage, and identify potential animal hosts and animal models of viruses. Based on the sequence of 2019-nCoV spike protein, we apply this predictive framework to provide novel insights into the receptor usage and likely host range of 2019-nCoV. This study provides a robust test of this reiterative framework, providing the basic, translational and public health research communities with predictive insights that may help study and battle this novel 2019-nCoV.
JO  - Journal of Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - JVI.00127-20
SP  - JVI.00127
EP  - 20
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1128/JVI.00127-20
UR  - http://jvi.asm.org/content/early/2020/01/23/JVI.00127-20.abstract
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Importation and Human-to-Human Transmission of a Novel Coronavirus in Vietnam
AU  - Phan, Lan T.
AU  - Nguyen, Thuong V.
AU  - Luong, Quang C.
AU  - Nguyen, Thinh V.
AU  - Nguyen, Hieu T.
AU  - Le, Hung Q.
AU  - Nguyen, Thuc T.
AU  - Cao, Thang M.
AU  - Pham, Quang D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMc2001272
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMc2001272
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Extent of Transmission of Novel Coronavirus in Wuhan, China, 2020
AU  - Nishiura, Hiroshi
AU  - Jung, Sung-mok
AU  - Linton, Natalie M.
AU  - Kinoshita, Ryo
AU  - Yang, Yichi
AU  - Hayashi, Katsuma
AU  - Kobayashi, Tetsuro
AU  - Yuan, Baoyin
AU  - Akhmetzhanov, Andrei R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A cluster of pneumonia cases linked to a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) was reported by China in late December 2019. Reported case incidence has now reached the hundreds, but this is likely an underestimate. As of 24 January 2020, with reports of thirteen exportation events, we estimate the cumulative incidence in China at 5502 cases (95% confidence interval: 3027, 9057). The most plausible number of infections is in the order of thousands, rather than hundreds, and there is a strong indication that untraced exposures other than the one in the epidemiologically linked seafood market in Wuhan have occurred.
JO  - Journal of Clinical Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 2
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/jcm9020330
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Drug treatment options for the 2019-new coronavirus (2019-nCoV)
AU  - Lu, Hongzhou
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BioScience TrendsAB - As of January 22, 2020, a total of 571 cases of the 2019-new coronavirus (2019-nCoV) have been reported in 25 provinces (districts and cities) in China. At present, there is no vaccine or antiviral treatment for human and animal coro
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - advpub
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.5582/bst.2020.01020
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Early Transmission Dynamics in Wuhan, China, of Novel Coronavirus–Infected Pneumonia
AU  - Li, Qun
AU  - Guan, Xuhua
AU  - Wu, Peng
AU  - Wang, Xiaoye
AU  - Zhou, Lei
AU  - Tong, Yeqing
AU  - Ren, Ruiqi
AU  - Leung, Kathy S. M.
AU  - Lau, Eric H. Y.
AU  - Wong, Jessica Y.
AU  - Xing, Xuesen
AU  - Xiang, Nijuan
AU  - Wu, Yang
AU  - Li, Chao
AU  - Chen, Qi
AU  - Li, Dan
AU  - Liu, Tian
AU  - Zhao, Jing
AU  - Li, Man
AU  - Tu, Wenxiao
AU  - Chen, Chuding
AU  - Jin, Lianmei
AU  - Yang, Rui
AU  - Wang, Qi
AU  - Zhou, Suhua
AU  - Wang, Rui
AU  - Liu, Hui
AU  - Luo, Yingbo
AU  - Liu, Yuan
AU  - Shao, Ge
AU  - Li, Huan
AU  - Tao, Zhongfa
AU  - Yang, Yang
AU  - Deng, Zhiqiang
AU  - Liu, Boxi
AU  - Ma, Zhitao
AU  - Zhang, Yanping
AU  - Shi, Guoqing
AU  - Lam, Tommy T. Y.
AU  - Wu, Joseph T. K.
AU  - Gao, George F.
AU  - Cowling, Benjamin J.
AU  - Yang, Bo
AU  - Leung, Gabriel M.
AU  - Feng, Zijian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMoa2001316
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2001316
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Return of the Coronavirus: 2019-nCoV
AU  - Gralinski, E. Lisa
AU  - Menachery, D. Vineet
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The emergence of a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) has awakened the echoes of SARS-CoV from nearly two decades ago. Yet, with technological advances and important lessons gained from previous outbreaks, perhaps the world is better equipped to deal with the most recent emergent group 2B coronavirus.
JO  - Viruses
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 12
IS  - 2
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/v12020135
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Genomic characterization of the 2019 novel human-pathogenic coronavirus isolated from a patient with atypical pneumonia after visiting Wuhan
AU  - Chan, J. F. Auid-Orcid https orcid org
AU  - Kok, K. H. Auid-Orcid https orcid org X.
AU  - Zhu, Z.
AU  - Chu, H.
AU  - To, K. K.
AU  - Yuan, S.
AU  - Yuen, K. Y.
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - A mysterious outbreak of atypical pneumonia in late 2019 was traced to a seafood wholesale market in Wuhan of China. Within a few weeks, a novel coronavirus tentatively named as 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) was announced by the World Health Organization. We performed bioinformatics analysis on a virus genome from a patient with 2019-nCoV infection and compared it with other related coronavirus genomes. Overall, the genome of 2019-nCoV has 89% nucleotide identity with bat SARS-like-CoVZXC21 and 82% with that of human SARS-CoV. The phylogenetic trees of their orf1a/b, Spike, Envelope, Membrane and Nucleoprotein also clustered closely with those of the bat, civet and human SARS coronaviruses. However, the external subdomain of Spike's receptor binding domain of 2019-nCoV shares only 40% amino acid identity with other SARS-related coronaviruses. Remarkably, its orf3b encodes a completely novel short protein. Furthermore, its new orf8 likely encodes a secreted protein with an alpha-helix, following with a beta-sheet(s) containing six strands. Learning from the roles of civet in SARS and camel in MERS, hunting for the animal source of 2019-nCoV and its more ancestral virus would be important for understanding the origin and evolution of this novel lineage B betacoronavirus. These findings provide the basis for starting further studies on the pathogenesis, and optimizing the design of diagnostic, antiviral and vaccination strategies for this emerging infection. FAU - Chan, Jasper Fuk-Woo
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 2222-1751 (Electronic)
PG  - 
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DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and now the 2019-novel CoV: Have we investigated enough about coronaviruses? – A bibliometric analysis
AU  - Bonilla-Aldana, D. Katterine
AU  - Quintero-Rada, Keidenis
AU  - Montoya-Posada, Juan Pablo
AU  - Ramírez, Sebastian
AU  - Paniz-Mondolfi, Alberto
AU  - Rabaan, Ali
AU  - Sah, Ranjit
AU  - Rodríguez-Morales, Alfonso J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101566
SP  - 101566
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101566
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893920300168
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The next big threat to global health? 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV): What advice can we give to travellers? – Interim recommendations January 2020, from the Latin-American society for Travel Medicine (SLAMVI)
AU  - Biscayart, Cristian
AU  - Angeleri, Patricia
AU  - Lloveras, Susana
AU  - Chaves, Tânia do Socorro Souza
AU  - Schlagenhauf, Patricia
AU  - Rodríguez-Morales, Alfonso J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101567
SP  - 101567
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101567
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S147789392030017X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The 2019-new coronavirus epidemic: evidence for virus evolution
AU  - Benvenuto, Domenico
AU  - Giovannetti, Marta
AU  - Ciccozzi, Alessandra
AU  - Spoto, Silvia
AU  - Angeletti, Silvia
AU  - Ciccozzi, Massimo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract There is worldwide concern about the new coronavirus 2019-nCoV as a global public health threat. In this article, we provide a preliminary evolutionary and molecular epidemiological analysis of this new virus. A phylogenetic tree has been built using the 15 available whole genome sequence of 2019-nCoV and 12 whole genome sequences of 2019-nCoV and 12 highly similar whole genome sequences available in gene bank (5 from SARS, 2 from MERS and 5 from Bat SARS-like Coronavirus). Fast Unconstrained Bayesian Approximation (FUBAR) analysis shows that the Nucleocapsid and the Spike Glycoprotein have some sites under positive pressure while homology modelling revealed some molecular and structural differences between the viruses. The phylogenetic tree showed that 2019.nCoV significantly clustered with Bat SARS-like Coronavirus sequence isolated in 2015, whereas structural analysis revealed mutation in Spike Glycoprotein and nucleocapsid protein. From these results, 2019-nCoV could be considered as a coronavirus distinct from SARS virus, probably transmitted from bats or another host where conferred its ability to infect humans. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25688
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25688
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Gold nanoparticle&#8208;adjuvanted S protein induces a strong antigen&#8208;specific IgG response against severe acute respiratory syndrome&#8208;related coronavirus infection, but fails to induce protective antibodies and limit eosinophilic infiltration in lungs
AU  - Sekimukai, Hanako
AU  - Iwata
AU  - Yoshikawa, Naoko
AU  - Fukushi, Shuetsu
AU  - Tani, Hideki
AU  - Kataoka, Michiyo
AU  - Suzuki, Tadaki
AU  - Hasegawa, Hideki
AU  - Niikura, Kenichi
AU  - Arai, Katsuhiko
AU  - Nagata, Noriyo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The spike (S) protein of coronavirus, which binds to cellular receptors and mediates membrane fusion for cell entry, is a candidate vaccine target for blocking coronavirus infection. However, some animal studies have suggested that inadequate immunization against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS&#8208;CoV) induces a lung eosinophilic immunopathology upon infection. The present study evaluated two kinds of vaccine adjuvants for use with recombinant S protein: gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), which are expected to function as both an antigen carrier and an adjuvant in immunization; and Toll&#8208;like receptor (TLR) agonists, which have previously been shown to be an effective adjuvant in an ultraviolet&#8208;inactivated SARS&#8208;CoV vaccine. All the mice immunized with more than 0.5&#8201;µg S protein without adjuvant escaped from SARS after infection with mouse&#8208;adapted SARS&#8208;CoV; however, eosinophilic infiltrations were observed in the lungs of almost all the immunized mice. The AuNP&#8208;adjuvanted protein induced a strong IgG response but failed to improve vaccine efficacy or to reduce eosinophilic infiltration because of highly allergic inflammatory responses. Whereas similar virus titers were observed in the control animals and the animals immunized with S protein with or without AuNPs, Type 1 interferon and pro&#8208;inflammatory responses were moderate in the mice treated with S protein with and without AuNPs. On the other hand, the TLR agonist&#8208;adjuvanted vaccine induced highly protective antibodies without eosinophilic infiltrations, as well as Th1/17 cytokine responses. The findings of this study will support the development of vaccines against severe pneumonia&#8208;associated coronaviruses.
JO  - Microbiology and Immunology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 64
IS  - 1
PG  - 33-51
SP  - 33
EP  - 51
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/1348-0421.12754
UR  - https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/bpl/mim/2020/00000064/00000001/art00005 https://doi.org/10.1111/1348-0421.12754
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Potential of large 'first generation' human-to-human transmission of 2019-nCoV
AU  - Li, X.
AU  - Zai, J.
AU  - Wang, X.
AU  - Li, Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - To investigate the genetic diversity, time origin, and evolutionary history of the 2019-nCoV outbreak in China and Thailand, a total of 12 genome sequences of the virus with known sampling date (24 December 2019 and 13 January 2020) and geographic location (primarily Wuhan city, Hubei Province, China, but also Bangkok, Thailand) were analyzed. Phylogenetic and likelihood-mapping analyses of these genome sequences were performed. Based on our results, the star-like signal and topology of 2019-nCoV may be indicative of potentially large 'first generation' human-to-human virus transmission. We estimated that 2019-nCoV likely originated in Wuhan on 9 November 2019 (95% credible interval: 25 September 2019 and 19 December 2019), and that Wuhan is the major hub for the spread of the 2019-nCoV outbreak in China and elsewhere. Our results could be useful for designing effective prevention strategies for 2019-nCoV in China and beyond. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 31997390
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25693
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Offline: 2019-nCoV outbreak&#x2014;early lessons
AU  - Horton, Richard
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10221
PG  - 322
SP  - 322
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30212-9
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30212-9
NS  - 
N1  - Jose  Garnica (2020-02-04 01:55:52)(Included): Duplicate of #105.; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study
AU  - Chen, Nanshan
AU  - Zhou, Min
AU  - Dong, Xuan
AU  - Qu, Jieming
AU  - Gong, Fengyun
AU  - Han, Yang
AU  - Qiu, Yang
AU  - Wang, Jingli
AU  - Liu, Ying
AU  - Wei, Yuan
AU  - Xia, Jia'an
AU  - Yu, Ting
AU  - Zhang, Xinxin
AU  - Zhang, Li
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - BackgroundIn December, 2019, a pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) emerged in Wuhan, China. We aimed to further clarify the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 2019-nCoV pneumonia.
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30211-7
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30211-7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding
AU  - Lu, Roujian
AU  - Zhao, Xiang
AU  - Li, Juan
AU  - Niu, Peihua
AU  - Yang, Bo
AU  - Wu, Honglong
AU  - Wang, Wenling
AU  - Song, Hao
AU  - Huang, Baoying
AU  - Zhu, Na
AU  - Bi, Yuhai
AU  - Ma, Xuejun
AU  - Zhan, Faxian
AU  - Wang, Liang
AU  - Hu, Tao
AU  - Zhou, Hong
AU  - Hu, Zhenhong
AU  - Zhou, Weimin
AU  - Zhao, Li
AU  - Chen, Jing
AU  - Meng, Yao
AU  - Wang, Ji
AU  - Lin, Yang
AU  - Yuan, Jianying
AU  - Xie, Zhihao
AU  - Ma, Jinmin
AU  - Liu, William J.
AU  - Wang, Dayan
AU  - Xu, Wenbo
AU  - Holmes, Edward C.
AU  - Gao, George F.
AU  - Wu, Guizhen
AU  - Chen, Weijun
AU  - Shi, Weifeng
AU  - Tan, Wenjie
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - BackgroundIn late December, 2019, patients presenting with viral pneumonia due to an unidentified microbial agent were reported in Wuhan, China. A novel coronavirus was subsequently identified as the causative pathogen, provisionally named 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). As of Jan 26, 2020, more than 2000 cases of 2019-nCoV infection have been confirmed, most of which involved people living in or visiting Wuhan, and human-to-human transmission has been confirmed.
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30251-8
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30251-8
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Wuhan: Britons to be evacuated as scientists estimate 44 000 cases of 2019-nCOV in the city
AU  - Parry, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m351
SP  - m351
EP  - 
AN  - 31996342
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m351
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Novel Coronavirus Originating in Wuhan, China: Challenges for Global Health Governance
AU  - Phelan, A. L.
AU  - Katz, R.
AU  - Gostin, L. O.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Jama
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 31999307
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.1097
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Real-time tentative assessment of the epidemiological characteristics of novel coronavirus infections in Wuhan, China, as at 22 January 2020
AU  - Wu, P.
AU  - Hao, X.
AU  - Lau, E. H. Y.
AU  - Wong, J. Y.
AU  - Leung, K. S. M.
AU  - Wu, J. T.
AU  - Cowling, B. J.
AU  - Leung, G. M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) causing severe acute respiratory disease emerged recently in Wuhan, China. Information on reported cases strongly indicates human-to-human spread, and the most recent information is increasingly indicative of sustained human-to-human transmission. While the overall severity profile among cases may change as more mild cases are identified, we estimate a risk of fatality among hospitalised cases at 14% (95% confidence interval: 3.9-32%).
JO  - Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 25
IS  - 3
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 31992388
DO  - 10.2807/1560-7917.Es.2020.25.3.2000044
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Transmission of 2019-nCoV Infection from an Asymptomatic Contact in Germany
AU  - Rothe, C.
AU  - Schunk, M.
AU  - Sothmann, P.
AU  - Bretzel, G.
AU  - Froeschl, G.
AU  - Wallrauch, C.
AU  - Zimmer, T.
AU  - Thiel, V.
AU  - Janke, C.
AU  - Guggemos, W.
AU  - Seilmaier, M.
AU  - Drosten, C.
AU  - Vollmar, P.
AU  - Zwirglmaier, K.
AU  - Zange, S.
AU  - Wolfel, R.
AU  - Hoelscher, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The New England journal of medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32003551
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMc2001468
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Stop the Wuhan virus
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Vigilance, preparedness, speed, transparency and global coordination are now crucial to stopping a new infectious disease from becoming a global emergency. [Figure not available: see fulltext.].
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 577
IS  - 7791
PG  - 450
SP  - 450
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00153-x
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2004117434 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/d41586-020-00153-x
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Response to the emerging novel coronavirus outbreak
AU  - Kickbusch, I.
AU  - Leung, G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m406
SP  - m406
EP  - 
AN  - 32005675
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m406
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preliminary estimation of the basic reproduction number of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in China, from 2019 to 2020: A data-driven analysis in the early phase of the outbreak
AU  - Zhao, Shi
AU  - Lin, Qianyin
AU  - Ran, Jinjun
AU  - Musa, Salihu S.
AU  - Yang, Guangpu
AU  - Wang, Weiming
AU  - Lou, Yijun
AU  - Gao, Daozhou
AU  - Yang, Lin
AU  - He, Daihai
AU  - Wang, Maggie H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Backgrounds An ongoing outbreak of a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) pneumonia hit a major city of China, Wuhan, December 2019 and subsequently reached other provinces/regions of China and countries. We present estimates of the basic reproduction number,R0, of 2019-nCoV in the early phase of the outbreak. Methods Accounting for the impact of the variations in disease reporting rate, we modelled the epidemic curve of 2019-nCoV cases time series, in mainland China from January 10 to January 24, 2020, through the exponential growth. With the estimated intrinsic growth rate (γ), we estimated R0 by using the serial intervals (SI) of two other well-known coronavirus diseases, MERS and SARS, as approximations for the true unknown SI. Findings The early outbreak data largely follows the exponential growth. We estimated that the meanR0 ranges from 2.24 (95%CI: 1.96-2.55) to 3.58 (95%CI: 2.89-4.39) associated with 8-fold to 2-fold increase in the reporting rate. We demonstrated that changes in reporting rate substantially affect estimates of R0. Conclusion The mean estimate ofR0 for the 2019-nCoV ranges from 2.24 to 3.58, and significantly larger than 1. Our findings indicate the potential of 2019-nCoV to cause outbreaks.
JO  - International Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.01.050
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971220300539
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Potential for global spread of a novel coronavirus from China
AU  - Bogoch, I. I.
AU  - Watts, A.
AU  - Thomas-Bachli, A.
AU  - Huber, C.
AU  - Kraemer, M. U. G.
AU  - Khan, K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of travel medicine
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/jtm/taaa011
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L630732582 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jtm/taaa011
NS  - 
N1  - Sue  Hill (2020-02-03 20:57:09)(Screen): this is a duplicate of a citation already reviewed.; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Outbreak of a novel coronavirus
AU  - Du Toit, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature reviews. Microbiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41579-020-0332-0
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L630736193 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41579-020-0332-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Offline: 2019-nCoV outbreak—early lessons
AU  - Horton, R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10221
PG  - 322
SP  - 322
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30212-9
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2004768852 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30212-9
NS  - 
N1  - Jose  Garnica (2020-02-04 01:56:08)(Included): Duplicate of #77.; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Nowcasting and forecasting the potential domestic and international spread of the 2019-nCoV outbreak originating in Wuhan, China: a modelling study
AU  - Wu, Joseph T.
AU  - Leung, Kathy
AU  - Leung, Gabriel M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Summary Background Since Dec 31, 2019, the Chinese city of Wuhan has reported an outbreak of atypical pneumonia caused by the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). Cases have been exported to other Chinese cities, as well as internationally, threatening to trigger a global outbreak. Here, we provide an estimate of the size of the epidemic in Wuhan on the basis of the number of cases exported from Wuhan to cities outside mainland China and forecast the extent of the domestic and global public health risks of epidemics, accounting for social and non-pharmaceutical prevention interventions. Methods We used data from Dec 31, 2019, to Jan 28, 2020, on the number of cases exported from Wuhan internationally (known days of symptom onset from Dec 25, 2019, to Jan 19, 2020) to infer the number of infections in Wuhan from Dec 1, 2019, to Jan 25, 2020. Cases exported domestically were then estimated. We forecasted the national and global spread of 2019-nCoV, accounting for the effect of the metropolitan-wide quarantine of Wuhan and surrounding cities, which began Jan 23–24, 2020. We used data on monthly flight bookings from the Official Aviation Guide and data on human mobility across more than 300 prefecture-level cities in mainland China from the Tencent database. Data on confirmed cases were obtained from the reports published by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Serial interval estimates were based on previous studies of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV). A susceptible-exposed-infectious-recovered metapopulation model was used to simulate the epidemics across all major cities in China. The basic reproductive number was estimated using Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods and presented using the resulting posterior mean and 95% credibile interval (CrI). Findings In our baseline scenario, we estimated that the basic reproductive number for 2019-nCoV was 2·68 (95% CrI 2·47–2·86) and that 75 815 individuals (95% CrI 37 304–130 330) have been infected in Wuhan as of Jan 25, 2020. The epidemic doubling time was 6·4 days (95% CrI 5·8–7·1). We estimated that in the baseline scenario, Chongqing, Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Shenzhen had imported 461 (95% CrI 227–805), 113 (57–193), 98 (49–168), 111 (56–191), and 80 (40–139) infections from Wuhan, respectively. If the transmissibility of 2019-nCoV were similar everywhere domestically and over time, we inferred that epidemics are already growing exponentially in multiple major cities of China with a lag time behind the Wuhan outbreak of about 1–2 weeks. Interpretation Given that 2019-nCoV is no longer contained within Wuhan, other major Chinese cities are probably sustaining localised outbreaks. Large cities overseas with close transport links to China could also become outbreak epicentres, unless substantial public health interventions at both the population and personal levels are implemented immediately. Independent self-sustaining outbreaks in major cities globally could become inevitable because of substantial exportation of presymptomatic cases and in the absence of large-scale public health interventions. Preparedness plans and mitigation interventions should be readied for quick deployment globally. Funding Health and Medical Research Fund (Hong Kong, China).
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30260-9
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673620302609
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel Wuhan (2019-nCoV) Coronavirus
AU  - Carlos, W. G.
AU  - Dela Cruz, C. S.
AU  - Cao, B.
AU  - Pasnick, S.
AU  - Jamil, S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32004066
DO  - 10.1164/rccm.2014P7
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel coronavirus: From discovery to clinical diagnostics
AU  - Phan, Tung
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A novel coronavirus designated as 2019-nCoV first appeared in Wuhan, China in late December 2019. Dozens of people died in China, and thousands of people infected as 2019-nCoV continues to spread around the world. We have described the discovery, emergence, genomic characteristics, and clinical diagnostics of 2019-nCoV.
JO  - Infection, Genetics and Evolution
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 104211
SP  - 104211
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104211
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1567134820300435
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Novel Chinese Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Infections: challenges for fighting the storm
AU  - Bassetti, M.
AU  - Vena, A.
AU  - Roberto Giacobbe, D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since end of December 2019, a cluster of patients with pneumonia of unknown origin was reported from Wuhan, Hubei province, China. They shared a connection with the Huanan South China Seafood Market in Wuhan, and now it has been confirmed that the disease is caused by a novel coronavirus (provisionally named 2019-nCoV). As of today (30 January 2020), 7734 cases have been confirmed in China, and 90 cases have also been cumulatively reported from Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam, Malaysia, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Cambodia, Japan, Singapore, Republic of Korea, United Arab Emirate, United States, The Philippines, India, Australia, Canada, Finland, France, and Germany (Finland, France and Germany are the only European countries in which cases [n= 1, n = 5, and n = 4, respectively] have been reported up to date). According to the released news, the case rate fatality is 2.2% (170/7824).
JO  - European journal of clinical investigation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - e13209
SP  - e13209
EP  - 
AN  - 32003000
DO  - 10.1111/eci.13209
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mysterious infections in China: Novel coronavirus identified as cause of pneumonia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Deutsche Apotheker Zeitung
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 160
IS  - 3
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2004659033
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Measures for diagnosing and treating infections by a novel coronavirus responsible for a pneumonia outbreak originating in Wuhan, China
AU  - Yu, Fei
AU  - Du, Lanying
AU  - Ojcius, David M.
AU  - Pan, Chungen
AU  - Jiang, Shibo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - On 10 January 2020, a new coronavirus causing a pneumonia outbreak in Wuhan City in central China was denoted as 2019-nCoV by the World Health Organization (WHO). As of 24 January 2020, there were 887 confirmed cases of 2019-nCoV infection, including 26 deaths, reported in China and other countries. Therefore, combating this new virus and stopping the epidemic is a matter of urgency. Here, we focus on advances in research and development of fast diagnosis methods, as well as potential prophylactics and therapeutics to prevent or treat 2019-nCoV infection.
JO  - Microbes and Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micinf.2020.01.003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1286457920300253
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Laboratory biosafety guide for the novel coronavirus
AU  - Department of Health Science, Technology
AU  - Education, National Health Commission of People's Republic of China
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Biosafety and Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bsheal.2020.01.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590053620300136
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Identification of potential cross-protective epitope between 2019-nCoV and SARS virus
AU  - Qiu, Tianyi
AU  - Mao, Tiantian
AU  - Wang, Yuan
AU  - Zhou, Mengdi
AU  - Qiu, Jingxuan
AU  - Wang, Jianwei
AU  - Xu, Jianqing
AU  - Cao, Zhiwei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Genetics and Genomics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgg.2020.01.003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1673852720300138
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Identification of a novel coronavirus causing severe pneumonia in human: a descriptive study
AU  - Ren, L. L.
AU  - Wang, Y. M.
AU  - Wu, Z. Q.
AU  - Xiang, Z. C.
AU  - Guo, L.
AU  - Xu, T.
AU  - Jiang, Y. Z.
AU  - Xiong, Y.
AU  - Li, Y. J.
AU  - Li, H.
AU  - Fan, G. H.
AU  - Gu, X. Y.
AU  - Xiao, Y.
AU  - Gao, H.
AU  - Xu, J. Y.
AU  - Yang, F.
AU  - Wang, X. M.
AU  - Wu, C.
AU  - Chen, L.
AU  - Liu, Y. W.
AU  - Liu, B.
AU  - Yang, J.
AU  - Wang, X. R.
AU  - Dong, J.
AU  - Li, L.
AU  - Huang, C. L.
AU  - Zhao, J. P.
AU  - Hu, Y.
AU  - Cheng, Z. S.
AU  - Liu, L. L.
AU  - Qian, Z. H.
AU  - Qin, C.
AU  - Jin, Q.
AU  - Cao, B.
AU  - Wang, J. W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Human infections with zoonotic coronaviruses (CoVs), including severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)-CoV, have raised great public health concern globally. Here, we report a novel bat-origin CoV causing severe and fatal pneumonia in humans. METHODS: We collected clinical data and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) specimens from five patients with severe pneumonia from Jin Yin-tan Hospital of Wuhan, Hubei province, China. Nucleic acids of the BAL were extracted and subjected to next-generation sequencing. Virus isolation was carried out, and maximum-likelihood phylogenetic trees were constructed. RESULTS: Five patients hospitalized from December 18 to December 29, 2019 presented with fever, cough, and dyspnea accompanied by complications of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Chest radiography revealed diffuse opacities and consolidation. One of these patients died. Sequence results revealed the presence of a previously unknown beta-CoV strain in all five patients, with 99.8-99.9% nucleotide identities among the isolates. These isolates showed 79.0% nucleotide identity with the sequence of SARS-CoV (GenBank NC_004718) and 51.8% identity with the sequence of MERS-CoV (GenBank NC_019843). The virus is phylogenetically closest to a bat SARS-like CoV (SL-ZC45, GenBank MG772933) with 87.6-87.7% nucleotide identity, but is in a separate clade. Moreover, these viruses have a single intact open reading frame gene 8, as a further indicator of bat-origin CoVs. However, the amino acid sequence of the tentative receptor-binding domain resembles that of SARS-CoV, indicating that these viruses might use the same receptor. CONCLUSION: A novel bat-borne CoV was identified that is associated with severe and fatal respiratory disease in humans.
JO  - Chinese medical journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32004165
DO  - 10.1097/cm9.0000000000000722
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Global Health Concern Stirred by Emerging Viral Infections
AU  - Luo, G. G.
AU  - Gao, S. J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Emerging viral infections continue to pose a major threat to global public health. In 1997, a highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) virus was found to directly spread from poultry to humans unlike previously reported transmission routs of human-to-human and livestock-to-human, stirring a grave concern for a possible influenza pandemic. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25683
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L630676797 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25683
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - First Case of 2019 Novel Coronavirus in the United States
AU  - Holshue, Michelle L.
AU  - DeBolt, Chas
AU  - Lindquist, Scott
AU  - Lofy, Kathy H.
AU  - Wiesman, John
AU  - Bruce, Hollianne
AU  - Spitters, Christopher
AU  - Ericson, Keith
AU  - Wilkerson, Sara
AU  - Tural, Ahmet
AU  - Diaz, George
AU  - Cohn, Amanda
AU  - Fox, LeAnne
AU  - Patel, Anita
AU  - Gerber, Susan I.
AU  - Kim, Lindsay
AU  - Tong, Suxiang
AU  - Lu, Xiaoyan
AU  - Lindstrom, Steve
AU  - Pallansch, Mark A.
AU  - Weldon, William C.
AU  - Biggs, Holly M.
AU  - Uyeki, Timothy M.
AU  - Pillai, Satish K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - On January 19, 2020, a 35-year-old man presented to an urgent care clinic in Snohomish County, Washington, with a 4-day history of cough and subjective fever. On checking into the clinic, the patient put on a mask in the waiting room. After waiting approximately 20 minutes, he was taken into an examination room and underwent evaluation by a provider. He disclosed that he had returned to Washington State on January 15 after traveling to visit family in Wuhan, China. The patient stated that he had seen a health alert from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) about the novel coronavirus outbreak in China and, because of his symptoms and recent travel, decided to see a health care provider.
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMoa2001191
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2001191
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Estimating the Unreported Number of Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Cases in China in the First Half of January 2020: A Data-Driven Modelling Analysis of the Early Outbreak
AU  - Zhao, Shi
AU  - Musa, Salihu S.
AU  - Lin, Qianying
AU  - Ran, Jinjun
AU  - Yang, Guangpu
AU  - Wang, Weiming
AU  - Lou, Yijun
AU  - Yang, Lin
AU  - Gao, Daozhou
AU  - He, Daihai
AU  - Wang, Maggie H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background: In December 2019, an outbreak of respiratory illness caused by a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) emerged in Wuhan, China and has swiftly spread to other parts of China and a number of foreign countries. The 2019-nCoV cases might have been under-reported roughly from 1 to 15 January 2020, and thus we estimated the number of unreported cases and the basic reproduction number, R0, of 2019-nCoV. Methods: We modelled the epidemic curve of 2019-nCoV cases, in mainland China from 1 December 2019 to 24 January 2020 through the exponential growth. The number of unreported cases was determined by the maximum likelihood estimation. We used the serial intervals (SI) of infection caused by two other well-known coronaviruses (CoV), Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) CoVs, as approximations of the unknown SI for 2019-nCoV to estimate R0. Results: We confirmed that the initial growth phase followed an exponential growth pattern. The under-reporting was likely to have resulted in 469 (95% CI: 403&minus;540) unreported cases from 1 to 15 January 2020. The reporting rate after 17 January 2020 was likely to have increased 21-fold (95% CI: 18&minus;25) in comparison to the situation from 1 to 17 January 2020 on average. We estimated the R0 of 2019-nCoV at 2.56 (95% CI: 2.49&minus;2.63). Conclusion: The under-reporting was likely to have occurred during the first half of January 2020 and should be considered in future investigation.
JO  - Journal of Clinical Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 2
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/jcm9020388
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - An emerging coronavirus causing pneumonia outbreak in Wuhan, China: calling for developing therapeutic and prophylactic strategies
AU  - Jiang, S.
AU  - Du, L.
AU  - Shi, Z.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Emerging microbes & infections
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
PG  - 275-277
SP  - 275
EP  - 277
AN  - 32005086
DO  - 10.1080/22221751.2020.1723441
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - CT Imaging of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Pneumonia
AU  - Lei, J.
AU  - Li, J.
AU  - Li, X.
AU  - Qi, X.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 200236
SP  - 200236
EP  - 
AN  - 32003646
DO  - 10.1148/radiol.2020200236
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus: Stehen wir am Beginn einer neuen Pandemie?
AU  - Bogner, Johannes R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Beunruhigende Nachrichten aus China, erste Erkrankungsfälle in Europa. Das Coronoavirus breitet sich aus. MMW-Schriftleiter Prof. Johannes Bogner, München, berichtet aus infektiologischer Sicht über den derzeitigen Kenntnisstand und macht Sie zugleich fit für Fragen Ihrer Patienten.
JO  - MMW - Fortschritte der Medizin
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 162
IS  - 2
PG  - 8-10
SP  - 8
EP  - 10
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s15006-020-0080-0
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s15006-020-0080-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus spreads
AU  - Hamzelou, Jessica
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The deadly virus that emerged in Wuhan, China, may be much more contagious than initially thought. Jessica Hamzelou reports
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 245
IS  - 3267
PG  - 8
SP  - 8
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30188-3
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920301883
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Infections-More Than Just the Common Cold
AU  - Paules, C. I.
AU  - Marston, H. D.
AU  - Fauci, A. S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.0757
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L630723652 http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.0757
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical presentation and outcomes of long-term care residents with coronavirus respiratory infection: A retrospective cohort study
AU  - Williams, V. R.
AU  - Pajak, D.
AU  - Salt, N.
AU  - Leis, J. A.
PY  - 2019
PD  - 
N2  - Background. Human coronaviruses (CoVs) are a major cause of respiratory infection and institutional outbreaks, yet the epidemiology and clinical outcomes of these viruses is poorly described among the elderly residing in long-term care facilities (LTCFs). Methods. We performed a retrospective cohort study of LTCF residents with positive nasopharyngeal or mid-turbinate swabs for CoVs (OC43, 229E, NL63 and HKU1) between January 2013 and December 2018. Demographic and clinical data were obtained from resident charts including clinical presentation, treatment, outcome, and transmission to other residents. Variables were compared using univariate analysis. Results. 3268 residents met inclusion criteria (median age 93 years, 90% male) comprising 7.5% (246/3268) of all positive respiratory virus specimens detected during the study period. 97(39%) of cases were associated with a respiratory outbreak while 149(61%) were sporadic cases that did not result in transmission. OC43 (52%) was the most commonly identified CoV and was more commonly associated with outbreak cases (76% vs. 37%; P < 0.001). In total, 87% of all cases had two or more of runny nose/ congestion, cough, sore throat/hoarse voice or fever. The most common symptoms among residents were cough (85%), runny nose/congestion (79%), and sore throat/ hoarse voice (59%) and only 17% of residents had a measured temperature of ≥ 37.8C. Only 6% of residents received antibiotic treatment for suspected secondary bacterial pneumonia. The 30-day mortality rate was 3.7% with 67% of deaths attributable to the CoV infection. There was no statistically significant difference in symptoms, treatment or outcomes associated with outbreaks or seasonality. Conclusion. CoVs make up an important proportion of respiratory viral infections among LTCF residents and may result in frequent outbreaks. Most residents remain afebrile and have self-limited illness while only a small minority develop secondary bacterial pneumonia and death. Given these findings the benefits of control measures should be weighed against the impact on resident quality of life.
JO  - Open Forum Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 6
IS  - 
PG  - S846
SP  - S846
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/ofid/ofz360.2126
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L630693366 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofz360.2126
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - China’s response to a novel coronavirus stands in stark contrast to the 2002 SARS outbreak response
AU  - Nkengasong, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41591-020-0771-1
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2004140802 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41591-020-0771-1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - China coronavirus: what do we know so far?
AU  - Mahase, E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m308
SP  - m308
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m308
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L630721250 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m308
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - China coronavirus: cases surge as official admits human to human transmission
AU  - Parry, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m236
SP  - m236
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m236
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L630672658 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m236
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Another Decade, Another Coronavirus
AU  - Perlman, S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The New England journal of medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMe2001126
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L630718625 http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMe2001126
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recent advances in lab-on-a-chip technologies for viral diagnosis
AU  - Zhu, Hanliang
AU  - Fohlerová, Zdenka
AU  - Pekárek, Jan
AU  - Basova, Evgenia
AU  - Neužil, Pavel
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The global risk of viral disease outbreaks emphasizes the need for rapid, accurate, and sensitive detection techniques to speed up diagnostics allowing early intervention. An emerging field of microfluidics also known as the lab-on-a-chip (LOC) or micro total analysis system includes a wide range of diagnostic devices. This review briefly covers both conventional and microfluidics-based techniques for rapid viral detection. We first describe conventional detection methods such as cell culturing, immunofluorescence or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), or reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). These methods often have limited speed, sensitivity, or specificity and are performed with typically bulky equipment. Here, we discuss some of the LOC technologies that can overcome these demerits, highlighting the latest advances in LOC devices for viral disease diagnosis. We also discuss the fabrication of LOC systems to produce devices for performing either individual steps or virus detection in samples with the sample to answer method. The complete system consists of sample preparation, and ELISA and RT-PCR for viral-antibody and nucleic acid detection, respectively. Finally, we formulate our opinions on these areas for the future development of LOC systems for viral diagnostics.
JO  - Biosensors and Bioelectronics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 153
IS  - 
PG  - 112041
SP  - 112041
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2020.112041
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0956566320300385
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Estimating the Unreported Number of Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Cases in China in the First Half of January 2020: A Data-Driven Modelling Analysis of the Early Outbreak Risk Management Analysis for Novel Coronavirus in Wuhan, China
AU  - Zhao, Shi
AU  - Musa, Salihu S.
AU  - Lin, Qianying
AU  - Ran, Jinjun
AU  - Yang, Guangpu
AU  - Wang, Weiming
AU  - Lou, Yijun
AU  - Yang, Lin
AU  - Gao, Daozhou
AU  - He, Daihai
AU  - Wang, Maggie H.
AU  - Yue, Xiao-Guang
AU  - Shao, Xue-Feng
AU  - Li, Y. Rita
AU  - Crabbe, James C. M.
AU  - Mi, Lili
AU  - Hu, Siyan
AU  - Baker, S. Julien
AU  - Liang, Gang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background: In December 2019, an outbreak of respiratory illness caused by a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) emerged in Wuhan, China and has swiftly spread to other parts of China and a number of foreign countries. The 2019-nCoV cases might have been under-reported roughly from 1 to 15 January 2020, and thus we estimated the number of unreported cases and the basic reproduction number, R0, of 2019-nCoV. Methods: We modelled the epidemic curve of 2019-nCoV cases, in mainland China from 1 December 2019 to 24 January 2020 through the exponential growth. The number of unreported cases was determined by the maximum likelihood estimation. We used the serial intervals (SI) of infection caused by two other well-known coronaviruses (CoV), Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) CoVs, as approximations of the unknown SI for 2019-nCoV to estimate R0. Results: We confirmed that the initial growth phase followed an exponential growth pattern. The under-reporting was likely to have resulted in 469 (95% CI: 403&minus;540) unreported cases from 1 to 15 January 2020. The reporting rate after 17 January 2020 was likely to have increased 21-fold (95% CI: 18&minus;25) in comparison to the situation from 1 to 17 January 2020 on average. We estimated the R0 of 2019-nCoV at 2.56 (95% CI: 2.49&minus;2.63). Conclusion: The under-reporting was likely to have occurred during the first half of January 2020 and should be considered in future investigation. Recently, a novel coronavirus pneumonia (2019&ndash;nCoV) outbreak occurred in Wuhan, China, rapidly spreading first to the whole country, and then globally, causing widespread concern. From the perspectives of early warning and identification of risk, risk monitoring, and analysis, as well as risk management and handling, we propose corresponding solutions and recommendations, which include institutional cooperation, and to inform national and international policy-makers.
JO  - Journal of Clinical Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 2
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/jcm9020388 10.3390/jrfm13020022
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The psychological effects of quarantining a city
AU  - Rubin, G. James
AU  - Wessely, Simon
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Whether the epidemiological benefits of mandatory mass quarantine outweigh the psychological costs is a judgement that should not be made lightlyThe emergence of a novel form of coronavirus in Wuhan, China, is creating a confused and rapidly evolving situation. As ever in the early stages of a major incident, facts are unclear. We’re not sure how many people have caught the disease, the fatality rate, the incubation period, how far it’s spread—or how worried we should be. The imposition of travel restrictions on Wuhan—and an expanding number of other cities—has surprised many. The move has left over 20 million people caught in a modern form of quarantine. Regardless of whether it succeeds in controlling the outbreak, the widespread lockdown will inevitably have a psychological effect. Not surprisingly, the UK media are already reporting the emotional impact of both the outbreak and the response. Residents are said to be comparing the situation to “the end of the world,” hospitals are “overwhelmed,” and there are concerns about food shortages. “Panic in Wuhan” is commonly reported.We must be careful of …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m313
SP  - m313
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m313
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/content/368/bmj.m313.abstract
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - China coronavirus: partial border closures into Hong Kong are not enough, say doctors
AU  - Parry, Jane
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As the novel coronavirus (2019-nCOV) outbreak rapidly expands across the border in mainland China, healthcare workers in Hong Kong are bracing for a potential explosion of cases locally and have urged the government to severely restrict arrivals from mainland China or even to close the border completely.Eight cases were confirmed in Hong Kong as of 27 January, and 38% of the 663 beds in the negative pressure wards, which are used to isolate patients at public hospitals, were already in use, said officials. They expressed concern that the public health system might be overwhelmed if a local “super-spreader” event occurs or by people from mainland China coming into Hong Kong to seek treatment.On 28 January Carrie Lam, Hong Kong chief executive, announced a partial border closure, halting all cross border rail routes from midnight on 30 January, as well as a suspension of six border checkpoints, suspension of ferries, gradual reduction of cross border flights from 480 a …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m349
SP  - m349
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m349
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/content/368/bmj.m349.abstract
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chinese premier rallies medics in coronavirus fight
AU  - Moberly, Tom
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Xinhua/Li Tao/PAChina’s premier, Li Keqiang (centre), visited the Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital this week to see the team’s work to control the outbreak of the novel coronavirus in the area.Li arrived on 27 January …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m343
SP  - m343
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m343
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/content/368/bmj.m343.abstract
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Following the evidence, from coronavirus to terrorism response
AU  - Moberly, Tom
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The emergence of a novel coronavirus has led China to impose travel restrictions around Wuhan and other cities (doi:10.1136/bmj.m349). Yet, as G James Rubin and Simon Wessely point out (doi:10.1136/bmj.m313), we don’t not know whether the potential benefits of mandatory mass quarantine outweigh the psychological costs of such an intervention to the people affected. Elisabeth Mahase summarises what we know so far about the virus and its effects (doi:10.1136/bmj.m308); clearly there is much we …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m344
SP  - m344
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m344
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/content/368/bmj.m344.abstract
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - China coronavirus: mild but infectious cases may make it hard to control outbreak, report warns
AU  - Mahase, Elisabeth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Uncertainty over the severity spectrum of the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) and whether people with mild symptoms can efficiently transmit the virus mean it is currently “unclear” whether the outbreak can be contained within China, a report from Imperial College London has warned.1The update from the MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis said that the rate of transmission could come down as people become aware of the threat and try to avoid becoming infected, as happened with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS).But it raised concerns over reports of mildly symptomatic but infectious cases, which were not a feature of SARS. Detecting and …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m325
SP  - m325
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m325
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/content/368/bmj.m325.abstract
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - China coronavirus: WHO declares international emergency as death toll exceeds 200
AU  - Mahase, Elisabeth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The World Health Organization has declared the current novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak to be a public health emergency of international concern, as latest figures show that nearly 10 000 people have been infected and that over 200 have died.WHO’s emergency committee reconvened on 30 January—a week after it first met—to reassess the situation. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, WHO director general, said that the declaration was “not because of what is happening in China but because of what is happening in other countries.”He warned, “Our greatest concern is for the virus to spread to countries with weaker health systems that are ill prepared to deal with it.”The announcement …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m408
SP  - m408
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m408
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/content/368/bmj.m408.abstract
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus shows how UK must act quickly before being shut out of Europe’s health protection systems
AU  - Flear, Mark
AU  - de Ruijter, Anniek
AU  - McKee, Martin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The threat posed by 2019-nCoV and the fragmentation of existing health protection systems caused by Brexit call for urgent assessment of cross Europe cooperation, say Mark Flear, Anniek de Ruijter, and Martin McKeeHealth authorities worldwide are racing to contain the spread of the coronavirus 2019-nCoV, identified as the cause of the outbreak that began in Wuhan, China, at the end of last year. By 31 January more than 9600 people were reported to have been infected in China, with around 200 deaths, and cases have also been reported elsewhere in Asia and in North America, Australia, and Europe, including France, Finland, Germany, and now the UK.1 The case in Germany is especially worrying as it was in someone who had not travelled to China but who had been in contact with someone who had. Unprecedented measures, including lockdowns of large cities in China and widespread flight cancellations, are being adopted.The international response to major outbreaks of infectious disease is coordinated by the World Health Organization and is based on its International Health Regulations.2 Europe also has a regime for communicable disease control,3 centred on the Stockholm based European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), which has a crucial role in responding to threats to health in the continent.Given the UK’s departure from the European Union, we argue that the coronavirus outbreak is an urgent warning highlighting the need to reflect on what Brexit might mean for the country’s health security. We review how that system operates and what the implications might be for the UK. In doing so we draw on the experience of Switzerland. Like a post-Brexit UK, Switzerland is outside …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m400
SP  - m400
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m400
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/content/368/bmj.m400.abstract
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - New SARS-like virus in China triggers alarm
AU  - Cohen, J.
AU  - Normile, D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 367
IS  - 6475
PG  - 234-235
SP  - 234
EP  - 235
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.367.6475.234
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2004657120 http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.367.6475.234
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus in China
AU  - Burki, Talha Khan
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - On Dec 31, 2019, China alerted WHO to several cases of pneumonia associated with an unknown virus. The cases were concentrated in Wuhan City, in Hubei Province in central China, home to 11 million people. By Jan 7, 2020, there was confirmation that a new type of coronavirus had emerged. It was temporarily named 2019-nCoV. It is the seventh identified coronavirus that can cause diseases of the respiratory tract in humans. On Jan 9, there was the first reported death from 2019-nCoV—a 61-year-old man who had visited the now-closed Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market, where the virus is thought to have originated. As of Jan 30, 2020, 7736 confirmed cases of 2019-nCoV had been reported in China, with a further 12?167 suspected cases. There had been 1370 severe cases, and 170 deaths. A few dozen additional cases had been detected in 18 countries around the world, of which only seven cases had no history of travel in China.
JO  - The Lancet Respiratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30056-4
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30056-4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in vitro
AU  - Wang, Manli
AU  - Cao, Ruiyuan
AU  - Zhang, Leike
AU  - Yang, Xinglou
AU  - Liu, Jia
AU  - Xu, Mingyue
AU  - Shi, Zhengli
AU  - Hu, Zhihong
AU  - Zhong, Wu
AU  - Xiao, Gengfu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Cell Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41422-020-0282-0
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41422-020-0282-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Should, and how can, exercise be done during a coronavirus outbreak? — An interview with Dr. Jeffrey A. Woods
AU  - Zhu, Weimo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Sport and Health Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2020.01.005
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095254620300120
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Timely mental health care for the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak is urgently needed
AU  - Xiang, Yu-Tao
AU  - Yang, Yuan
AU  - Li, Wen
AU  - Zhang, Ling
AU  - Zhang, Qinge
AU  - Cheung, Teris
AU  - Ng, Chee H.
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - The 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) pneumonia, believed to have originated in a wet market in Wuhan, Hubei province, China at the end of 2019, has gained intense attention nationwide and globally. To lower the risk of further disease transmission, the authority in Wuhan suspended public transport indefinitely from Jan 23, 2020; similar measures were adopted soon in many other cities in China. As of Jan 25, 2020, 30 Chinese provinces, municipalities, and autonomous regions covering over 1·3 billion people have initiated first-level responses to major public health emergencies. A range of measures has been urgently adopted,1,2 such as early identification and isolation of suspected and diagnosed cases, contact tracing and monitoring, collection of clinical data and biological samples from patients, dissemination of regional and national diagnostic criteria and expert treatment consensus, establishment of isolation units and hospitals, and prompt provision of medical supplies and external expert teams to Hubei province. The emergence of the 2019-nCoV pneumonia has parallels with the 2003 outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), which was caused by another coronavirus that killed 349 of 5327 patients with confirmed infection in China.3 Although the diseases have different clinical presentations, the infectious cause, epidemiological features, fast transmission pattern, and insufficient preparedness of health authorities to address the outbreaks are similar. So far, mental health care for the patients and health professionals directly affected by the 2019-nCoV epidemic has been under-addressed, although the National Health Commission of China released the notification of basic principles for emergency psychological crisis interventions for the 2019-nCoV pneumonia on Jan 26, 2020. This notification contained a reference to mental health problems and interventions that occurred during the 2003 SARS outbreak, and mentioned that mental health care should be provided for patients with 2019-nCoV pneumonitis, close contacts, suspected cases who are isolated at home, patients in fever clinics, families and friends of affected people, health professionals caring for infected patients, and the public who are in need. To date, epidemiological data on the mental health problems and psychiatric morbidity of those suspected or diagnosed with the 2019-nCoV and their treating health professionals have not been available; therefore how best to respond to challenges during the outbreak is unknown. The observations of mental health consequences and measures taken during the 2003 SARS outbreak could help inform health authorities and the public to provide mental health interventions to those who are in need.
JO  - The Lancet Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30046-8
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30046-8
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A new pandemic out of China: the Wuhan coronavirus syndrome
AU  - Singer, Donald R. J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Health Policy and Technology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hlpt.2020.02.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211883720300083
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novo Coronavirus (nCoV)
AU  - Rio de Janeiro . Secretaria de Estado de Saúde. Subsecretaria de Vigilância em, Saúde
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Os Coronavírus (CoV) compõem uma grande família de vírus, conhecidos desde meados da década de 1960. Podem causar desde um resfriado comum até síndromes respiratórias graves, como a síndrome respiratória aguda grave (SARS - Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) e a síndrome respiratória do Oriente Médio (MERS - Middle East Respiratory Syndrome). Os casos agora identificados estão relacionados a uma nova variante do Coronavírus, denominada 2019-nCoV, até então não identificada em humanos.
JO  - Nota Técnica-SVS/SES-RJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 01
PG  - 4-4
SP  - 4
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/9qj53
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Baricitinib as potential treatment for 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease
AU  - Richardson, Peter
AU  - Griffin, Ivan
AU  - Tucker, Catherine
AU  - Smith, Dan
AU  - Oechsle, Olly
AU  - Phelan, Anne
AU  - Stebbing, Justin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30304-4
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673620303044
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Outbreak of novel Corona Virus (2019-nCoV); implications for travelers to Pakistan?
AU  - Rahman Qureshi, Ubaid Ur
AU  - Saleem, Sadia
AU  - Khan, Aisha
AU  - Afzal, Muhammad Sohail
AU  - Ali, Muhammad Shahzad
AU  - Ahmed, Haroon
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101571
SP  - 101571
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101571
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893920300211
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - China coronavirus: Hong Kong health staff strike to demand border closure as city records first death
AU  - Parry, Jane
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Hong Kong has reported its first death related to the novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV, only the second fatality reported outside mainland China, as healthcare workers in the city started unprecedented industrial action to put pressure on the government to close the border and avert an escalation in the number of infections.The 39 year old man, who had an underlying health condition, had travelled to Wuhan on 21 January. In late January, after his return to Hong Kong, he developed fever and myalgia. The Hong Kong Hospital Authority announced that he had died on 3 February. The news coincided with the second day of industrial action by members of the Hospital Authority Employees’ Alliance, a new labour union representing around 9000 of the 67 000 staff employed by the Hospital Authority, the statutory body that manages all of Hong Kong’s government hospitals.After a strike by 2700 non-essential staff on 2 February, the …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m454
SP  - m454
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m454
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/content/368/bmj.m454.abstract
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Emerging threats from zoonotic coronaviruses-from SARS and MERS to 2019-nCoV
AU  - Lee, Ping-Ing
AU  - Hsueh, Po-Ren
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2020.02.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1684118220300116
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Updates on Wuhan 2019 Novel Coronavirus Epidemic
AU  - Kofi Ayittey, Foster
AU  - Dzuvor, Christian
AU  - Kormla Ayittey, Matthew
AU  - Bennita Chiwero, Nyasha
AU  - Habib, Ahmed
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract What emerged in December 2019 as a cluster of respiratory ailments with inexplicable etiological findings in Wuhan has now claimed roughly 259 lives, sickened nearly 12 thousand more, and spread to at least 26 more nations including Hong Kong, Taiwan and Macao. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25695
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25695
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel coronavirus is putting the whole world on alert
AU  - Khan, S.
AU  - Ali, A.
AU  - Siddique, R.
AU  - Nabi, G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Hospital Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2020.01.019
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0195670120300438
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The coronavirus outbreak: the central role of primary care in emergency preparedness and response
AU  - Dunlop, C.
AU  - Howe, A.
AU  - Li, D.
AU  - Allen, L. N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BJGP open
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 31992543
DO  - 10.3399/bjgpopen20X101041
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Detection of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by real-time RT-PCR
AU  - Corman, V. M.
AU  - Landt, O.
AU  - Kaiser, M.
AU  - Molenkamp, R.
AU  - Meijer, A.
AU  - Chu, D. K.
AU  - Bleicker, T.
AU  - Brünink, S.
AU  - Schneider, J.
AU  - Schmidt, M. L.
AU  - Mulders, D. G.
AU  - Haagmans, B. L.
AU  - van der Veer, B.
AU  - van den Brink, S.
AU  - Wijsman, L.
AU  - Goderski, G.
AU  - Romette, J. L.
AU  - Ellis, J.
AU  - Zambon, M.
AU  - Peiris, M.
AU  - Goossens, H.
AU  - Reusken, C.
AU  - Koopmans, M. P.
AU  - Drosten, C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BackgroundThe ongoing outbreak of the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) poses a challenge for public health laboratories as virus isolates are unavailable while there is growing evidence that the outbreak is more widespread than initially thought, and international spread through travellers does already occur.AimWe aimed to develop and deploy robust diagnostic methodology for use in public health laboratory settings without having virus material available.MethodsHere we present a validated diagnostic workflow for 2019-nCoV, its design relying on close genetic relatedness of 2019-nCoV with SARS coronavirus, making use of synthetic nucleic acid technology.ResultsThe workflow reliably detects 2019-nCoV, and further discriminates 2019-nCoV from SARS-CoV. Through coordination between academic and public laboratories, we confirmed assay exclusivity based on 297 original clinical specimens containing a full spectrum of human respiratory viruses. Control material is made available through European Virus Archive - Global (EVAg), a European Union infrastructure project.ConclusionThe present study demonstrates the enormous response capacity achieved through coordination of academic and public laboratories in national and European research networks.
JO  - Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 25
IS  - 3
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.3.2000045
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L630762201 http://dx.doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.3.2000045
NS  - 
N1  - Qingxia Zhong (2020-04-15 00:13:55)(Included): correction added: 46111; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - New coronavirus threat galvanizes scientists
AU  - Cohen, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Science (New York, N.Y.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 367
IS  - 6477
PG  - 492-493
SP  - 492
EP  - 493
AN  - 32001631
DO  - 10.1126/science.367.6477.492
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Opinion Wuhan coronavirus (2019-nCoV): The need to maintain regular physical activity while taking precautions
AU  - Chen, Peijie
AU  - Mao, Lijuan
AU  - Nassis, George P.
AU  - Harmer, Peter
AU  - Ainsworth, Barbara E.
AU  - Li, Fuzhong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Sport and Health Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2020.02.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095254620300144
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pathogenicity and Transmissibility of 2019-nCoV—A Quick Overview and Comparison with Other Emerging Viruses
AU  - Chen, Jieliang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A zoonotic coronavirus, labeled as 2019-nCoV by The World Health Organization (WHO), has been identified as the causative agent of the viral pneumonia outbreak in Wuhan, China, at the end of 2019. Although 2019-nCoV can cause a severe respiratory illness like SARS and MERS, evidence from clinics suggested that 2019-nCoV is generally less pathogenic than SARS-CoV, and much less than MERS-CoV. The transmissibility of 2019-nCoV is still debated and needs to be further assessed. To avoid the 2019-nCoV outbreak turning into an epidemic or even a pandemic and to minimize the mortality rate, China activated emergency response procedures, but much remains to be learned about the features of the virus to refine the risk assessment and response. Here, the current knowledge in 2019-nCoV pathogenicity and transmissibility is summarized in comparison with several commonly known emerging viruses, and information urgently needed for a better control of the disease is highlighted.
JO  - Microbes and Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micinf.2020.01.004
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1286457920300265
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - China coronavirus: Six questions scientists are asking
AU  - Callaway, E.
AU  - Cyranoski, D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 577
IS  - 7792
PG  - 605-607
SP  - 605
EP  - 607
AN  - 31992880
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00166-6
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Can an anti-HIV combination or other existing drugs outwit the new coronavirus?
AU  - Cohen, Jon
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb0659
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/01/can-anti-hiv-combination-or-other-existing-drugs-outwit-new-coronavirus
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) causing pneumonia-associated respiratory syndrome
AU  - Jiang, Shibo
AU  - Xia, Shuai
AU  - Ying, Tianlei
AU  - Lu, Lu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Cellular & Molecular Immunology AB  -The novel coronavirus was denoted as 2019-nCoV by WHO (https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019) and the Wuhan pneumonia was named as novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia (NCIP) by Chinese scient
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41423-020-0372-4
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41423-020-0372-4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Reducing mortality from 2019-nCoV: host-directed therapies should be an option
AU  - Zumla, Alimuddin
AU  - Hui, David S.
AU  - Azhar, Esam I.
AU  - Memish, Ziad A.
AU  - Maeurer, Markus
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30305-6
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673620303056
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin
AU  - Zhou, Peng
AU  - Yang, Xing-Lou
AU  - Wang, Xian-Guang
AU  - Hu, Ben
AU  - Zhang, Lei
AU  - Zhang, Wei
AU  - Si, Hao-Rui
AU  - Zhu, Yan
AU  - Li, Bei
AU  - Huang, Chao-Lin
AU  - Chen, Hui-Dong
AU  - Chen, Jing
AU  - Luo, Yun
AU  - Guo, Hua
AU  - Jiang, Ren-Di
AU  - Liu, Mei-Qin
AU  - Chen, Ying
AU  - Shen, Xu-Rui
AU  - Wang, Xi
AU  - Zheng, Xiao-Shuang
AU  - Zhao, Kai
AU  - Chen, Quan-Jiao
AU  - Deng, Fei
AU  - Liu, Lin-Lin
AU  - Yan, Bing
AU  - Zhan, Fa-Xian
AU  - Wang, Yan-Yi
AU  - Xiao, Geng-Fu
AU  - Shi, Zheng-Li
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since the SARS outbreak 18 years ago, a large number of severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronaviruses (SARSr-CoV) have been discovered in their natural reservoir host, bats(1-4). Previous studies indicated that some of those bat SARSr-CoVs have the potential to infect humans(5-7). Here we report the identification and characterization of a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) which caused an epidemic of acute respiratory syndrome in humans in Wuhan, China. The epidemic, which started from 12 December 2019, has caused 2,050 laboratory-confirmed infections with 56 fatal cases by 26 January 2020. Full-length genome sequences were obtained from five patients at the early stage of the outbreak. They are almost identical to each other and share 79.5% sequence identify to SARS-CoV. Furthermore, it was found that 2019-nCoV is 96% identical at the whole-genome level to a bat coronavirus. The pairwise protein sequence analysis of seven conserved non-structural proteins show that this virus belongs to the species of SARSr-CoV. The 2019-nCoV virus was then isolated from the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of a critically ill patient, which can be neutralized by sera from several patients. Importantly, we have confirmed that this novel CoV uses the same cell entry receptor, ACE2, as SARS-CoV.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1038/s41586-020-2012-7
SP  - 10.1038/s41586
EP  - 020
AN  - 32015507
DO  - 10.1038/s41586-020-2012-7
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32015507
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Early detection and disease assessment of patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - Zhou, L.
AU  - Liu, H. G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, the outbreak of novel coronavirus (2019- nCoV) in wuhan, China, attracting attention worldwidely. The novel coronavirus has the characteristics of rapid transmission, atypical clinical symptoms, and easy to affect both lungs, leading to missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis, as well as difficult to detection and assessment at early stage. Fever, cough, myalgia, weakness, dyspnea and imagings may be helpful for the early detection of novel coronavirus pneumonia. At the same time, the rate of disease progression, fever, CT manifestations, hypoxia degree, age, basic diseases, and laboratory indicators can also be used to evaluate the severity of the novel coronavirus pneumonia.
JO  - Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 0
PG  - E003-E003
SP  - E003
EP  - E003
AN  - 32023686
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2020.0003
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32023686
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Origin and evolution of the 2019 novel coronavirus
AU  - Liangsheng Zhang, Fu-ming Shen, Fei Chen, Zhenguo Lin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As of today, the intermediate host of 2019-nCoV has not been determined. Considering that intermediate hosts are generally mammals [5], they are likely the living mammals sold in the South China seafood market. Therefore, strengthening the monitoring of wild mammals is an urgent measure to prevent similar viruses from infecting humans in the future. More than 1,000 confirmed cases have been reported in China. The number of provinces and cities in China as well as other Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article-abstract/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa112/5721420 by World Health Organization user on 06 February 2020 countries with confirmed cases are steadily increasing. It is necessary to further strengthen the monitoring to ensure that it will not cause diseases like Global Outbreak of 2003 SARS.
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases,
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa112
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa112/5721420
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pulmonary rehabilitation guidelines in the principle of 4S for patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)
AU  - Yang, F.
AU  - Liu, N.
AU  - Wu, J. Y.
AU  - Hu, L. L.
AU  - Su, G. S.
AU  - Zheng, N. S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A recent epidemic of pneumonia cases in Wuhan China was caused by a novel coronavirus with strong infectivity, the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). The article provides the pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) methods in the principle of 4S (simple, safe, satisfy, save) for patients with pneumonia caused by the novel coronavirus, shows how to establish a ventilative and convectional PR environment to prevent the spread of virus through droplets, how to guide the patients to carry out PR, how to carry out respiratory muscle training, effective cough, expectoration, sneeze, general exercise, digestive function rehabilitation and psychological rehabilitation, and how to clean and disinfect the PR environment.
JO  - Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 0
PG  - E004-E004
SP  - E004
EP  - E004
AN  - 32023687
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2020.0004
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32023687
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Evolution of the novel coronavirus from the ongoing Wuhan outbreak and modeling of its spike protein for risk of human transmission
AU  - Xu, Xintian
AU  - Chen, Ping
AU  - Wang, Jingfang
AU  - Feng, Jiannan
AU  - Zhou, Hui
AU  - Li, Xuan
AU  - Zhong, Wu
AU  - Hao, Pei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Sci China Life Sci
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1007/s11427-020-1637-5
SP  - 10.1007/s11427
EP  - 020
AN  - 32009228
DO  - 10.1007/s11427-020-1637-5
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32009228
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Suggestions for prevention of 2019 novel coronavirus infection in otolaryngology head and neck surgery medical staff
AU  - Xu, K.
AU  - Lai, X. Q.
AU  - Liu, Z.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The epidemic of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection has presented as a grim and complex situation recently. More than 11,000 cases of 2019-nCoV infection has been confirmed in China until February 1(st) 2020, which are causing great impact to economy and society, and seriously interfering with ordinary medical practice of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery. This advice guideline discusses the medical protection measures required in the outpatient clinic as well as in operation ward in otolaryngology head and neck department, which aims to protect medical staff from 2019-nCoV infection.
JO  - Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 55
IS  - 0
PG  - E001-E001
SP  - E001
EP  - E001
AN  - 32023680
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-0860.2020.0001
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32023680
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China
AU  - Wu, Fan
AU  - Zhao, Su
AU  - Yu, Bin
AU  - Chen, Yan-Mei
AU  - Wang, Wen
AU  - Song, Zhi-Gang
AU  - Hu, Yi
AU  - Tao, Zhao-Wu
AU  - Tian, Jun-Hua
AU  - Pei, Yuan-Yuan
AU  - Yuan, Ming-Li
AU  - Zhang, Yu-Ling
AU  - Dai, Fa-Hui
AU  - Liu, Yi
AU  - Wang, Qi-Min
AU  - Zheng, Jiao-Jiao
AU  - Xu, Lin
AU  - Holmes, Edward C.
AU  - Zhang, Yong-Zhen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Emerging infectious diseases, such as SARS and Zika, present a major threat to public health(1-3). Despite intense research efforts, how, when and where new diseases appear are still the source of considerable uncertainly. A severe respiratory disease was recently reported in the city Wuhan, Hubei province, China. Up to 25th of January 2020, at least 1,975 cases have been reported since the first patient was hospitalized on the 12th of December 2019. Epidemiological investigation suggested that the outbreak was associated with a seafood market in Wuhan. We studied one patient who was a worker at the market, and who was admitted to Wuhan Central Hospital on 26th of December 2019 experiencing a severe respiratory syndrome including fever, dizziness and cough. Metagenomic RNA sequencing(4) of a bronchoalveolar lavage fluid sample identified a novel RNA virus from the family Coronaviridae, designed here as WH-Human-1 coronavirus. Phylogenetic analysis of the complete viral genome (29,903 nucleotides) revealed that the virus was most closely related (89.1% nucleotide similarity) to a group of SARS-like coronaviruses (genus Betacoronavirus, subgenus Sarbecovirus) previously sampled from bats in China. This outbreak highlights the ongoing capacity of viral spill-over from animals to cause severe disease in humans.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1038/s41586-020-2008-3
SP  - 10.1038/s41586
EP  - 020
AN  - 32015508
DO  - 10.1038/s41586-020-2008-3
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32015508
NS  - 
N1  - Qingxia Zhong (2020-04-14 23:47:32)(Included): correction added: 45918; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Diagnosis and clinical management of 2019 novel coronavirus infection: an operational recommendation of Peking Union Medical College Hospital (V2.0)
AU  - Working Group of Novel Coronavirus, Peking Union Medical College Hospital
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, China has been experiencing an outbreak of new infectious disease caused by 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). The clinical features include fever, coughing, shortness of breath, and inflammatory pulmonary infiltration revealed by X ray. China rapidly identified 2019-nCoV-related pneumonia a statutory infectious disease. To standardize the diagnosis and treatment of this new infectious disease, operational guidelines for the diagnosis and management of 2019-nCoV infection is accomplished by Peking Union Medical College Hospital.
JO  - Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 59
IS  - 3
PG  - 186-188
SP  - 186
EP  - 188
AN  - 32023681
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1426.2020.03.003
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32023681
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Travelers Give Wings to Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV)
AU  - Wilson, Mary E.
AU  - Chen, Lin H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Travel Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/jtm/taaa015
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1093/jtm/taaa015
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A precision medicine approach to managing Wuhan Coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - Minjin Wang, Yanbing Zhou, Zhiyong Zong, Zongan Liang, Yu Cao, Hong Tang, Bin Song, Zixing Huang, Yan Kang, Ping Feng, Binwu Ying, Weimin Li
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December, 2019, several patients with pneumonia of an unknown cause were detected in Wuhan, China. On January 7, 2020, the causal organism was identified as a new coronavirus, later named as the “2019 novel coronavirus” (2019-nCoV). Genome sequencing found the genetic sequence of 2019-nCoV homologous to that of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Associated Coronavirus (SARS-CoV). As of January 29, 2020, the virus had been diagnosed in more than 7,000 patients in China and 77 outside this country. It is reported that both symptomatic and asymptomatic patients with 2019-nCov can play a role in disease transmission via airborne and contact. This finding has caused a great concern about the prevention of illness spread. The clinical features of the infection are not specific and are often indistinguishable from those of other respiratory infections, making it difficult to diagnose. Given that the virus has a strong ability to spread between individuals, it is of top priority to identify potential or suspected patients as soon as possible. Or the virus may cause a serious pandemic. Therefore, a precision medicine approach to managing this disease is urgently needed for detecting and controlling the spread of the virus. In this article, we present such an approach to managing 2019-nCoV-related pneumonia based on the unique traits of the virus recently revealed, and on our experience with coronaviruses at West China Hospital in Chengdu, China.
JO  - Precision Clinical Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1093/pcmedi/pbaa002
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/pcm/advance-article/doi/10.1093/pcmedi/pbaa002/5722042
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Reporting, Epidemic Growth, and Reproduction Numbers for the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Epidemic
AU  - Tuite, Ashleigh R.
AU  - Fisman, David N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Ann Intern Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.7326/M20-0358
SP  - 10.7326/M20
EP  - 0358
AN  - 32023340
DO  - 10.7326/M20-0358
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32023340
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 2019-nCoV: new challenges from coronavirus
AU  - Tian, H. Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of pneumonia caused by the novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV in Wuhan, Hubei province of China, at the end of 2019 shaped tremendous challenges to China's public health and clinical treatment. The virus belongs to the β genus Coronavirus in the family Corornaviridae, and is closely related to SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, causing severe symptoms of pneumonia. The virus is transmitted through droplets, close contact, and other means, and patients in the incubation period could potentially transmit the virus to other persons. According to current observations, 2019-nCoV is weaker than SARS in pathogenesis, but has stronger transmission competence; it's mechanism of cross-species spread might be related with angiotensin-converting enzyme Ⅱ (ACE2), which is consistent with the receptor SARS-CoV. After the outbreak of this disease, Chinese scientists invested a lot of energy to carry out research by developing rapid diagnostic reagents, identifying the characters of the pathogen, screening out clinical drugs that may inhibit the virus, and are rapidly developing vaccines. The emergence of 2019-nCoV reminds us once again of the importance of establishing a systematic coronavirus surveillance network. It also poses new challenges to prevention and control of the emerging epidemic and rapidly responses on scientific research.
JO  - Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 0
PG  - E001-E001
SP  - E001
EP  - E001
AN  - 32023682
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2020.0001
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32023682
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prevention and control program on 2019 novel coronavirus infection in Children's digestive endoscopy center
AU  - Subspecialty Group of Gastroenterology, the Society of Pediatrics Chinese Medical Association
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 58
IS  - 0
PG  - E003-E003
SP  - E003
EP  - E003
AN  - 32023683
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1310.2020.0003
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32023683
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Diagnosis and treatment of 2019 novel coronavirus infection in children: a pressing issue
AU  - Shen, Kun-Ling
AU  - Yang, Yong-Hong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Clinical features of infected pediatric patients The age of onset ranged from 1 month to 17 years in the 28 confirmed pediatric patients. All were family clusters or with a close contact history. The clinical features are variable in pediatric patients. Several patients displayed no obvious clinical symptoms at diagnosis, and they were found by screening because of close contacts with confirmed patients; and further chest imaging suggested pneumonia. Several gradually presented with fever, fatigue, dry cough, accompanied by other upper respiratory symptoms including nasal congestion, runny nose, and seldom gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. Laboratory examination in pediatric patients showed that blood routine was often normal, and C-reactive protein was normal or transiently elevated. Lung imaging examination revealed mild increase of lung markings or ground-glass opacity or pneumoniaID - Shen2020
JO  - World Journal of Pediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12519-020-00344-6
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12519-020-00344-6
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - History is repeating itself, a probable zoonotic spillover as a cause of an epidemic: the case of 2019 novel Coronavirus
AU  - Rodriguez-Morales, Alfonso J.
AU  - Bonilla-Aldana, D. Katterine
AU  - Balbin-Ramon, Graciela Josefina
AU  - Rabaan, Ali A.
AU  - Sah, Ranjit
AU  - Paniz-Mondolfi, Alberto
AU  - Pagliano, Pasquale
AU  - Esposito, Silvano
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Pathogen transmission from a vertebrate animal to a human, also known as zoonotic spillover, represents a global public health burden, which while associated with multiple outbreaks, still remains a poorly understood phenomenon. Coronaviruses, like influenza viruses, circulate in nature in various animal species. Alpha-coronaviruses and beta-coronaviruses can infect mammals and gamma-coronaviruses and delta-coronaviruses tend to infect birds, but some of them can also be transmitted to mammals. Although still preliminary, current data suggest that bats are the most probable initial source of the current 2019 novel CoV (2019nCoV) outbreak, that begun on December 2019 in Wuhan, China, apparently spreading from a "wet market" to multiple cities and provinces in China. This epidemic of 2019nCoV, already reaching more than 6,000 cases to-day (end of January 2020) (>90% in China), will not be the last one linked to zoonotic spillover events.
JO  - Infez Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 28
IS  - 1
PG  - 3-5
SP  - 3
EP  - 5
AN  - 32009128
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32009128
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pattern of early human-to-human transmission of Wuhan 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), December 2019 to January 2020
AU  - Riou, Julien
AU  - Althaus, Christian L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, China has been experiencing a large outbreak of a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) which can cause respiratory disease and severe pneumonia. We estimated the basic reproduction number R0 of 2019-nCoV to be around 2.2 (90% high density interval: 1.4-3.8), indicating the potential for sustained human-to-human transmission. Transmission characteristics appear to be of similar magnitude to severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and pandemic influenza, indicating a risk of global spread.
JO  - Euro Surveill
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 25
IS  - 4
PG  - 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.4.2000058
SP  - 10.2807/1560
EP  - 7917.ES.2020.25.4.2000058
AN  - 32019669
DO  - 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.4.2000058
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32019669
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) early-stage importation risk to Europe, January 2020
AU  - Pullano, Giulia
AU  - Pinotti, Francesco
AU  - Valdano, Eugenio
AU  - Boëlle, Pierre-Yves
AU  - Poletto, Chiara
AU  - Colizza, Vittoria
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As at 27 January 2020, 42 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) cases were confirmed outside China. We estimate the risk of case importation to Europe from affected areas in China via air travel. We consider travel restrictions in place, three reported cases in France, one in Germany. Estimated risk in Europe remains high. The United Kingdom, Germany and France are at highest risk. Importation from Beijing and Shanghai would lead to higher and widespread risk for Europe.
JO  - Euro Surveill
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 25
IS  - 4
PG  - 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.4.2000057
SP  - 10.2807/1560
EP  - 7917.ES.2020.25.4.2000057
AN  - 32019667
DO  - 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.4.2000057
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32019667
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Effect of isolation practice on the transmission of middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus among hemodialysis patients: A 2-year prospective cohort study
AU  - Park, Hayne Cho
AU  - Lee, Sang-Ho
AU  - Kim, Juhee
AU  - Kim, Do Hyoung
AU  - Cho, AJin
AU  - Jeon, Hee Jung
AU  - Oh, Jieun
AU  - Noh, Jung-Woo
AU  - Jeong, Da-Wun
AU  - Kim, Yang-Gyun
AU  - Lee, Chang-Hee
AU  - Yoo, Kyung Don
AU  - Lee, Young-Ki
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Hemodialysis (HD) patients had a high rate of infection transmission and mortality during the middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) outbreak in Saudi Arabia. A standardized guideline on isolation technique for exposed HD patients is not available. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of different isolation strategies on the prevention of secondary viral transmission and clinical outcomes among exposed HD patients.During the 2015 MERS-CoV outbreak in Korea, 116 patients in 3 HD units were incidentally exposed to individuals with confirmed MERS-CoV infection and underwent different types of isolation, which were as follows: single-room isolation (n = 54, 47%), cohort isolation (n = 46, 40%), and self-imposed quarantine (n = 16, 13%). The primary outcome was rate of secondary viral transmission. The secondary outcome measures were changes in clinical and biochemical markers during the isolation period, difference in clinical and biochemical markers according to the types of isolation practice, and effect of isolation practice on patient survival.During a mean isolation period of 15 days, no further cases of secondary transmission were detected among HD patients. Plasma hemoglobin, serum calcium, and serum albumin levels and single-pool Kt/V decreased during the isolation period but normalized thereafter. Patients who were subjected to self-imposed quarantine had higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure, lower total cholesterol level, and lower Kt/V than those who underwent single-room or cohort isolation. During the 24-month follow-up period, 12 patients died. However, none of the deaths occurred during the isolation period, and no differences were observed in patient survival rate according to different isolation strategies.Although 116 participants in 3 HD units were incidentally exposed to MERS-CoV during the 2015 outbreak in Korea, strict patient surveillance and proper isolation practice prevented secondary transmission of the virus. Thus, a renal disaster protocol, which includes proper contact surveillance and isolation practice, must be established in the future to accommodate the needs of HD patients during disasters or outbreaks.
JO  - Medicine (Baltimore)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 99
IS  - 3
PG  - e18782-e18782
SP  - e18782
EP  - e18782
AN  - 32011472
DO  - 10.1097/MD.0000000000018782
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32011472
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Imaging changes in patients with 2019-nCov
AU  - Pan, Yueying
AU  - Guan, Hanxiong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00330-020-06713-z
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-020-06713-z
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus latest: infections in China pass 20,000
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Updates on the respiratory illness that has infected thousands of people. Updates on the respiratory illness that has infected thousands of people.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:10.1038/d41586-020-00154-w
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00154-w
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS to novel coronavirus – old lessons and new lessons
AU  - McCloskey, Brian
AU  - Heymann, David L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The response to the novel coronavirus outbreak in China suggests that many of the lessons from the 2003 SARS epidemic have been implemented and the response improved as a consequence. Nevertheless some questions remain and not all lessons have been successful. The national and international response demonstrates the complex link between public health, science and politics when an outbreak threatens to impact on global economies and reputations. The unprecedented measures implemented in China are a bold attempt to control the outbreak – we need to understand their effectiveness to balance costs and benefits for similar events in the future. - Brian McCloskey, David L. Heymann
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Epidemiology & Infection
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:10.1017/S0950268820000254
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/epidemiology-and-infection/article/sars-to-novel-coronavirus-old-lessons-and-new-lessons/E28FC07E555D77BFAB262A678099EA90
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS to novel coronavirus - old lessons and new lessons
AU  - McCloskey, Brian
AU  - Heymann, David L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The response to the novel coronavirus outbreak in China suggests that many of the lessons from the 2003 SARS epidemic have been implemented and the response improved as a consequence. Nevertheless some questions remain and not all lessons have been successful. The national and international response demonstrates the complex link between public health, science and politics when an outbreak threatens to impact on global economies and reputations. The unprecedented measures implemented in China are a bold attempt to control the outbreak - we need to understand their effectiveness to balance costs and benefits for similar events in the future.
JO  - Epidemiol Infect
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 148
IS  - 
PG  - e22-e22
SP  - e22
EP  - e22
AN  - 32019614
DO  - 10.1017/S0950268820000254
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32019614
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How Coronaviruses Cause Infection—from Colds to Deadly Pneumonia
AU  - Makin, Simon
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus outbreak raises questions about how such pathogens evolve and what makes infections mild or severe
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-coronaviruses-cause-infection-from-colds-to-deadly-pneumonia1/ © 2020 Clarivate Analytics
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - China coronavirus should be on “everybody’s agenda,” says vaccine expert
AU  - Mahase, Elisabeth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) should be on “everybody’s agenda,” says Seth Berkley, chief executive officer of Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance. He said that, while some responses may be “over-reaching,” what is currently known about the virus suggests that it should be treated seriously.Berkley, who spoke at a briefing in London on 4 February, told The BMJ that, although we “do not know enough right now to honestly answer the question [of over-reaction],” it is better to prepare now than to wait and see.“Does that mean that we should be having travel bans everywhere in the world and all of those other responses? I think there are certainly things that are over-reaching, but I think that the world is taking …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m476
SP  - m476
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m476
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/content/368/bmj.m476.abstract
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel coronavirus: Australian GPs raise concerns about shortage of face masks
AU  - Mahase, Elisabeth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - General practitioners in Australia have raised concerns over their safety and the safety of their teams because of the lack of protective equipment, including masks, which they said are needed to respond confidently to the novel coronavirus outbreak.Medical equipment suppliers have posted notices on their websites stating that they are no longer accepting orders of supplies such as masks, and GPs have told The BMJ that they are struggling to get hold of the supplies they need. The Royal Australian College of General Practitioners (RACGP) said that the recent bushfires had led to …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m477
SP  - m477
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m477
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/content/368/bmj.m477.abstract
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Role of Augmented Intelligence (AI) in Detecting and Preventing the Spread of Novel Coronavirus
AU  - Long, Justin B.
AU  - Ehrenfeld, Jesse M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The 2019-nCov will not be the last epidemic to challenge public health experts. The growth of AI-driven techniques to identify epidemiologic risks early will be key to our improvement of prediction, prevention, and detection of future global health risks. The devastating situation in Wuhan, China and future epidemics will also find value in ongoing research in 2019-nCov case detection, spread prediction, treatment effectiveness, and containment. The wide variety, velocity, and veracity of data now available in crises yield data sets that many researchers will now need to incorporate into evermore complex models. This requires expansion of talent within AI for healthcare applications. AI is no longer a niche research area nor is it a tool for the most advanced healthcare systems only, its global impact on healthcare is real and its potential to save lives in this epidemic as well as future epidemics should not be underestimated. It is critical to the global health of all humankind for the scientific community to embrace AI and leverage its power in securing our collective future.ER -
JO  - Journal of Medical Systems
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 44
IS  - 3
PG  - 59
SP  - 59
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s10916-020-1536-6
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-020-1536-6
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Learning from the Past: Possible Urgent Prevention and Treatment Options for Severe Acute Respiratory Infections Caused by 2019-nCoV
AU  - Liu, Wenshe
AU  - Morse, Jared S.
AU  - Lalonde, Tyler
AU  - Xu, Shiqing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - With the current trajectory of the 2019-nCoV outbreak unknown, public health and medicinal measures will both be needed to contain spreading of the virus and to optimize patient outcomes. While little is known about the virus, an examination of the genome sequence shows strong homology with its more well-studied cousin, SARS-CoV. The spike protein used for host cell infection shows key nonsynonymous mutations which may hamper efficacy of previously developed therapeutics but remains a viable target for the development of biologics and macrocyclic peptides. Other key drug targets, including RdRp and 3CLpro, share a strikingly high (>95%) homology to SARS-CoV. Herein, we suggest 4 potential drug candidates (an ACE2-based peptide, remdesivir, 3CLpro-1 and a novel vinylsulfone protease inhibitor) that could be used to treat patients suffering with the 2019-nCoV. We also summarize previous efforts and hope to help develop broad spectrum anti-coronaviral agents for future epidemics.
JO  - ChemBioChem
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/cbic.202000047
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/cbic.202000047
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - New virus in China requires international control effort
AU  - Liu, S. L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 577
IS  - 7791
PG  - 472
SP  - 472
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00135-z
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2004112635 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/d41586-020-00135-z
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Pneumonia
AU  - Liu, Peng
AU  - Tan, Xian-Zheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 200257-200257
SP  - 200257
EP  - 200257
AN  - 32013795
DO  - 10.1148/radiol.2020200257
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32013795
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel coronavirus infection during the 2019–2020 epidemic: preparing intensive care units—the experience in Sichuan Province, China
AU  - Liao, Xuelian
AU  - Wang, Bo
AU  - Kang, Yan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Novel coronavirus infection special intensive care team We set up a special emergency multi-disciplinary intensive care team to discuss the problems that we might encounter and countermeasures. Team members include intensive care unit (ICU) physician, infectious disease physician, nurse, respiratory therapist, nosocomial infection control expert, and administrative staff. We first evaluated the isolation conditions and the capacity of our department to admit a larger number of patients. Second, we specified the protection levels for different types of health care activities. Third, we assigned special work such as patient screening, consultation, and transfer to designated staff to minimize the number of health workers who had contact with patients with nCoV infection.ID - LiaoER -
JO  - Intensive Care Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00134-020-05954-2
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-020-05954-2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Origin and evolution of the 2019 novel coronavirus - Supplementary data
AU  - Liangsheng Zhang, Fu-ming Shen, Fei Chen, Zhenguo Lin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As of today, the intermediate host of 2019-nCoV has not been determined. Considering that intermediate hosts are generally mammals [5], they are likely the living mammals sold in the South China seafood market. Therefore, strengthening the monitoring of wild mammals is an urgent measure to prevent similar viruses from infecting humans in the future. More than 1,000 confirmed cases have been reported in China. The number of provinces and cities in China as well as other Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article-abstract/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa112/5721420 by World Health Organization user on 06 February 2020 countries with confirmed cases are steadily increasing. It is necessary to further strengthen the monitoring to ensure that it will not cause diseases like Global Outbreak of 2003 SARS.
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases,
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa112
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa112/5721420
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Potential antiviral therapeutics for 2019 Novel Coronavirus
AU  - Li, H.
AU  - Wang, Y. M.
AU  - Xu, J. Y.
AU  - Cao, B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The recent outbreak of respiratory illness in Wuhan, China is caused by a novel coronavirus, named 2019-nCoV, which is genetically close to a bat-derived coronavirus. 2019-nCoV is categorized as beta genus coronavirus, same as the two other strains - severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). Antiviral drugs commonly used in clinical practice, including neuraminidase inhibitors (oseltamivir, paramivir, zanamivir, etc.), ganciclovir, acyclovir and ribavirin, are invalid for 2019-nCoV and not recommended. Drugs are possibly effective for 2019-nCoV include: remdesivir, lopinavir / ritonavir, lopinavir / ritonavir combined with interferon-β, convalescent plasma, and monoclonal antibodies. But the efficacy and safety of these drugs for 2019-nCoV pneumonia patients need to be assessed by further clinical trials.
JO  - Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 0
PG  - E002-E002
SP  - E002
EP  - E002
AN  - 32023685
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2020.0002
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32023685
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus outbreak: what's next?
AU  - Lewis, Dyani
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 578
IS  - 7793
PG  - 15-16
SP  - 15
EP  - 16
AN  - 32020111
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00236-9
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32020111
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mast cells contribute to coronavirus-induced inflammation: new anti-inflammatory strategy
AU  - Kritas, S. K.
AU  - Ronconi, G.
AU  - Caraffa, Al
AU  - Gallenga, C. E.
AU  - Ross, R.
AU  - Conti, P.
PY  - 2019
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus, which can cause respiratory syndrome, to date has affected over seventeen thousand individuals, especially in China. Coronavirus is interspecies and can also be transmitted from man to man, with an incubation ranging from 1 to 14 days. Human coronavirus infections can induce not only mild to severe respiratory diseases, but also inflammation, high fever, cough, acute respiratory tract infection and dysfunction of internal organs that may lead to death. Coronavirus infection (regardless of the various types of corona virus) is primarily attacked by immune cells including mast cells (MCs), which are located in the submucosa of the respiratory tract and in the nasal cavity and represent a barrier of protection against microorganisms. Viral activate MCs release early inflammatory chemical compounds including histamine and protease; while late activation provokes the generation of pro-inflammatory IL-1 family members including IL-1, IL-6 and IL-33. Here, we propose for the first time that inflammation by coronavirus may be inhibited by anti-inflammatory cytokines belonging to the IL-1 family members.
JO  - J Biol Regul Homeost Agents
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 34
IS  - 1
PG  - 10.23812/20-Editorial-Kritas
SP  - 10.23812/20
EP  - Editorial
AN  - 32013309
DO  - 10.23812/20-Editorial-Kritas
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32013309
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chest CT Findings in 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Infections from Wuhan, China: Key Points for the Radiologist
AU  - Kanne, Jeffrey P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 200241-200241
SP  - 200241
EP  - 200241
AN  - 32017662
DO  - 10.1148/radiol.2020200241
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32017662
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The mental health of medical workers in Wuhan, China dealing with the 2019 novel coronavirus
AU  - Kang, Lijun
AU  - Li, Yi
AU  - Hu, Shaohua
AU  - Chen, Min
AU  - Yang, Can
AU  - Yang, Bing Xiang
AU  - Wang, Ying
AU  - Hu, Jianbo
AU  - Lai, Jianbo
AU  - Ma, Xiancang
AU  - Chen, Jun
AU  - Guan, Lili
AU  - Wang, Gaohua
AU  - Ma, Hong
AU  - Liu, Zhongchun
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - The severe situation is causing mental health problems such as stress, anxiety, depressive symptoms, insomnia, denial, anger, and fear. These mental health problems not only affect the medical workers' attention, understanding, and decision making ability, which might hinder the fight against 2019-nCoV, but could also have a lasting effect on their overall wellbeing. Protecting the mental health of these medical workers is thus important for control of the epidemic and their own long-term health. The local government of Wuhan has implemented policies to address these mental health problems. Medical staff infected with 2019-nCoV while at work will be identified as having work-related injuries.As of Jan 25, 2020, 1230 medical workers have been sent from other provinces to Wuhan to care for patients who are infected and those with suspected infection, strengthen logistics support, and help reduce the pressure on health-care personnel.Most general hospitals in Wuhan have established a shift system to allow front-line medical workers to rest and to take turns in high-pressured roles. Online platforms with medical advice have been provided to share information on how to decrease the risk of transmission between the patients in medical settings, which aims to eventually reduce the pressure on medical workers.
JO  - The Lancet Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30047-X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30047-X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Novel Coronavirus: A Bird's Eye View
AU  - Habibzadeh, Parham
AU  - Stoneman, Emily K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak, which initially began in China, has spread to many countries around the globe, with the number of confirmed cases increasing every day. With a death toll exceeding that of the SARS-CoV outbreak back in 2002 and 2003 in China, 2019-nCoV has led to a public health emergency of international concern, putting all health organizations on high alert. Herein, we present on an overview of the currently available information on the pathogenesis, epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of this virus.
JO  - Int J Occup Environ Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 11
IS  - 2
PG  - 65-71
SP  - 65
EP  - 71
AN  - 32020915
DO  - 10.15171/ijoem.2020.1921
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32020915
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The first two cases of 2019-nCoV in Italy: where they come from?
AU  - Giovanetti, Marta
AU  - Benvenuto, Domenico
AU  - Angeletti, Silvia
AU  - Ciccozzi, Massimo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - ABSTRACT A novel Coronavirus, 2019-nCoV, has been identified as the causal pathogen of an ongoing epidemic, with the first cases reported in Wuhan, China, last December 2019, and has since spread to other countries worldwide, included Europe and very recently Italy. In this short report, phylogenetic reconstruction was used to better understand the transmission dynamic of the virus from its first introduction in China focusing on the more recent evidence of infection in a couple of Chinese tourists arrived in Italy on 23rd January 2020 and labeled as Coronavirus Italian cases. A Maximum Clade Credibility tree has been built using a dataset of 54 genome sequences of 2019-nCoV plus 2 closely related bat strains (SARS-like CoV) available in GeneBank. Bayesian time-scaled phylogenetic analysis was implemented in BEAST 1.10.4. The Bayesian phylogenetic reconstruction showed that the 2019-2020 nCoV firstly introduced in Wuhan on the 25th November 2019, started epidemic transmission reaching many countries worldwide, including Europe and Italy where the two strains isolated dated back 19th January 2020, the same that the Chinese tourists arrived in Italy. Strains isolated outside China were intermixed with strains isolated in China as evidence of likely imported cases in Rome, Italy and Europe, as well. In conclusion, this report suggests that further spread of 2019-nCoV epidemic was supported by human mobility and that quarantine of suspected or diagnosed cases is useful to prevent further transmission. Viral genome phylogenetic analysis represents a useful tool for evaluation of transmission dynamics and preventive action. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25699
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25699
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus : rester proactif
AU  - Gardier, Stéphany
AU  - Petignat, Christiane
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Rev Med Suisse
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 16
IS  - 680
PG  - 296-296
SP  - 296
EP  - 296
AN  - 32022502
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32022502
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Efficient management of novel coronavirus pneumonia by efficient prevention and control in scientific manner
AU  - Gao, Z. C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - At the end of 2019, sporadic and clustered case with "pneumonia of unknown origin" emerged in Wuhan, Hubei province. The causative pathogen was quickly confirmed as "2019-nCoV" . The epidemic soon spread throughout the country and became a pandemic in over a month. Government and medical institutions across the country mobilized all kinds of resources and took a variety of measures to actively treat patients and stop the epidemic. Based on current studies, the author summarized the clinical characteristics and evolution of the novel viral pneumonia, and proposed the key points of diagnosis and treatment, the scientific management of both confirmed and suspected cases, and the scientific management of disease prevention and control.
JO  - Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 0
PG  - E001-E001
SP  - E001
EP  - E001
AN  - 32023684
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2020.0001
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32023684
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Facing the pandemic of 2019 novel coronavirus infections: the pediatric perspectives
AU  - Fang, F.
AU  - Luo, X. P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 58
IS  - 0
PG  - E001-E001
SP  - E001
EP  - E001
AN  - 32023678
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1310.2020.0001
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32023678
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Note from the editors: World Health Organization declares novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) sixth public health emergency of international concern
AU  - Eurosurveillance Editorial, Team
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Euro Surveill
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.5.200131e
SP  - 10.2807/1560
EP  - 7917.ES.2020.25.5.200131e
AN  - 32019636
DO  - 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.5.200131e
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32019636
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV): Novel Virus, Old Challenges
AU  - Duarte, Raquel
AU  - Furtado, Isabel
AU  - Sousa, Luís
AU  - Carvalho, Carlos Filipe Afonso
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Acta Med Port
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.20344/amp.13547
SP  - 10.20344/amp.13547
EP  - 
AN  - 32023427
DO  - 10.20344/amp.13547
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32023427
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 2019 Novel Coronavirus—Important Information for Clinicians
AU  - del Rio, Carlos
AU  - Malani, Preeti N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In early December 2019 a patient was diagnosed with an unusual pneumonia in the city of Wuhan, China. By December 31 the World Health Organization (WHO) regional office in Beijing had received notification of a cluster of patients with pneumonia of unknown cause from the same city. Wuhan, the capital city of Hubei Province in central China, is the nation’s seventh largest city, with a population of 11 million people. Over the next few days, researchers at the Wuhan Institute of Virology performed metagenomics analysis using next-generation sequencing from a sample collected from a bronchoalveolar lavage and identified a novel coronavirus as the potential etiology. They called it novel coronavirus 2019 (nCoV-2019). The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) refers to it as 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV).
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.1490
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.1490
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - ‘This beast is moving very fast.’ Will the new coronavirus be contained—or go pandemic?
AU  - Cohen, Kai Kupferschmidt
AU  - Jon
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The silver lining of the epidemic is that scientists have collected and shared information at record speed. “Every day that goes by we know more and every day that goes by we can do better modeling,” Vespignani says. “Unfortunately, this beast is moving very fast.”
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/02/beast-moving-very-fast-will-new-coronavirus-be-contained-or-go-pandemic
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - CT Imaging Features of 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV)
AU  - Chung, Michael
AU  - Bernheim, Adam
AU  - Mei, Xueyan
AU  - Zhang, Ning
AU  - Huang, Mingqian
AU  - Zeng, Xianjian
AU  - Cui, Jiufa
AU  - Xu, Wenjian
AU  - Yang, Yang
AU  - Fayad, Zahi
AU  - Jacobi, Adam
AU  - Li, Kunwei
AU  - Li, Shaolin
AU  - Shan, Hong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In this retrospective case series, chest CT scans of 21 symptomatic patients from China infected with the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) were reviewed with emphasis on identifying and characterizing the most common findings. Typical CT findings included bilateral pulmonary parenchymal ground-glass and consolidative pulmonary opacities, sometimes with a rounded morphology and a peripheral lung distribution. Notably, lung cavitation, discrete pulmonary nodules, pleural effusions, and lymphadenopathy were absent. Follow-up imaging in a subset of patients during the study time window often demonstrated mild or moderate progression of disease as manifested by increasing extent and density of lung opacities.
JO  - Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 200230-200230
SP  - 200230
EP  - 200230
AN  - 32017661
DO  - 10.1148/radiol.2020200230
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32017661
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Diagnosis and treatment recommendations for pediatric respiratory infection caused by the 2019 novel coronavirus
AU  - Chen, Zhi-Min
AU  - Fu, Jun-Fen
AU  - Shu, Qiang
AU  - Chen, Ying-Hu
AU  - Hua, Chun-Zhen
AU  - Li, Fu-Bang
AU  - Lin, Ru
AU  - Tang, Lan-Fang
AU  - Wang, Tian-Lin
AU  - Wang, Wei
AU  - Wang, Ying-Shuo
AU  - Xu, Wei-Ze
AU  - Yang, Zi-Hao
AU  - Ye, Sheng
AU  - Yuan, Tian-Ming
AU  - Zhang, Chen-Mei
AU  - Zhang, Yuan-Yuan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, an epidemic caused by novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection has occurred unexpectedly in China. As of 8 pm, 31 January 2020, more than 20 pediatric cases have been reported in China. Of these cases, ten patients were identified in Zhejiang Province, with an age of onset ranging from 112 days to 17 years. Following the latest National recommendations for diagnosis and treatment of pneumonia caused by 2019-nCoV (the 4th edition) and current status of clinical practice in Zhejiang Province, recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of respiratory infection caused by 2019-nCoV for children were drafted by the National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, the National Children’s Regional Medical Center, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine to further standardize the protocol for diagnosis and treatment of respiratory infection in children caused by 2019-nCoV.
JO  - World Journal of Pediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12519-020-00345-5
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12519-020-00345-5
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - RNA based mNGS approach identifies a novel human coronavirus from two individual pneumonia cases in 2019 Wuhan outbreak
AU  - Chen, Liangjun
AU  - Liu, Weiyong
AU  - Zhang, Qi
AU  - Xu, Ke
AU  - Ye, Guangming
AU  - Wu, Weichen
AU  - Sun, Ziyong
AU  - Liu, Fang
AU  - Wu, Kailang
AU  - Zhong, Bo
AU  - Mei, Yi
AU  - Zhang, Wenxia
AU  - Chen, Yu
AU  - Li, Yirong
AU  - Shi, Mang
AU  - Lan, Ke
AU  - Liu, Yingle
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - From December 2019, an outbreak of unusual pneumonia was reported in Wuhan with many cases linked to Huanan Seafood Market that sells seafood as well as live exotic animals. We investigated two patients who developed acute respiratory syndromes after independent contact history with this market. The two patients shared common clinical features including fever, cough, and multiple ground-glass opacities in the bilateral lung field with patchy infiltration. Here, we highlight the use of a low-input metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) approach on RNA extracted from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). It rapidly identified a novel coronavirus (named 2019-nCoV according to World Health Organization announcement) which was the sole pathogens in the sample with very high abundance level (1.5% and 0.62% of total RNA sequenced). The entire viral genome is 29,881 nt in length (GenBank MN988668 and MN988669, Sequence Read Archive database Bioproject accession PRJNA601736) and is classified into β-coronavirus genus. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that 2019-nCoV is close to coronaviruses (CoVs) circulating in Rhinolophus (Horseshoe bats), such as 98.7% nucleotide identity to partial RdRp gene of bat coronavirus strain BtCoV/4991 (GenBank KP876546, 370 nt sequence of RdRp and lack of other genome sequence) and 87.9% nucleotide identity to bat coronavirus strain bat-SL-CoVZC45 and bat-SL-CoVZXC21. Evolutionary analysis based on ORF1a/1b, S, and N genes also suggests 2019-nCoV is more likely a novel CoV independently introduced from animals to humans.
JO  - Emerg Microbes Infect
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
PG  - 313-319
SP  - 313
EP  - 319
AN  - 32020836
DO  - 10.1080/22221751.2020.1725399
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32020836
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - China coronavirus: labs worldwide scramble to analyse live samples
AU  - Callaway, Ewen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 578
IS  - 7793
PG  - 16-16
SP  - 16
EP  - 16
AN  - 32020116
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00262-7
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32020116
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - First case of 2019 novel coronavirus infection in children in Shanghai
AU  - Cai, J. H.
AU  - Wang, X. S.
AU  - Ge, Y. L.
AU  - Xia, A. M.
AU  - Chang, H. L.
AU  - Tian, H.
AU  - Zhu, Y. X.
AU  - Wang, Q. R.
AU  - Zeng, J. S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 58
IS  - 0
PG  - E002-E002
SP  - E002
EP  - E002
AN  - 32023679
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1310.2020.0002
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32023679
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Immunoinformatics-aided identification of T cell and B cell epitopes in the surface glycoprotein of 2019-nCoV
AU  - Baruah, Vargab
AU  - Bose, Sujoy
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract The 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak has caused a large number of deaths with thousands of confirmed cases worldwide, especially in East Asia. This study took an immunoinformatics approach to identify significant cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) and B cell epitopes in the 2019-nCoV surface glycoprotein. Also, interactions between identified CTL epitopes and their corresponding MHC class I supertype representatives prevalent in China were studied by molecular dynamics simulations. We identified five CTL epitopes, three sequential B cell epitopes and five discontinuous B cell epitopes in the viral surface glycoprotein. Also, during simulations, the CTL epitopes were observed to be binding MHC class I peptide-binding grooves via multiple contacts, with continuous hydrogen bonds and salt bridge anchors, indicating their potential in generating immune responses. Some of these identified epitopes can be potential candidates for development of 2019-nCoV vaccines. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25698
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25698
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - La comunicación científica y el acceso abierto en la contención de enfermedades: El caso del Coronavirus novel 2019 (2019-nCoV)
AU  - Arteaga-Livias, Franz K.
AU  - Rodriguez-Morales, Alfonso J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Revista Peruana de Investigación en Salud
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 4
IS  - 1
PG  - 07-88
SP  - 07
EP  - 88
AN  - 
DO  - 10.35839/repis.4.1.613
UR  - https://dx.doi.org/10.35839/repis.4.1.613
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - ‘This beast is moving very fast.’ Will the new coronavirus be contained—or go pandemic? | Science | AAAS
AU  - @NewsfromScience
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Modelers are trying to forecast how the virus will move, but they need better data
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/02/beast-moving-very-fast-will-new-coronavirus-be-contained-or-go-pandemic
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Initial Public Health Response and Interim Clinical Guidance for the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Outbreak — United States, December 31, 2019–February 4, 2020 | MMWR
AU  - @CDCgov
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - CDC, multiple other federal agencies, state and local health departments, and other partners are implementing aggressive measures to slow transmission of 2019-nCoV in the United States, be ready if widespread transmission occurs, and work on medical countermeasures.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/mm6905e1.htm?s_cid=mm6905e1_w#suggestedcitation
NS  - 
N1  - elizabeth mumford (2020-02-15 02:03:51)(Included): linked with #829 and #454; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Communication, collaboration and cooperation can stop the 2019 coronavirus
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nat Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1038/s41591-020-0775-x
SP  - 10.1038/s41591
EP  - 020
AN  - 32015560
DO  - 10.1038/s41591-020-0775-x
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32015560
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Calling all coronavirus researchers: keep sharing, stay open
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 578
IS  - 7793
PG  - 7-7
SP  - 7
EP  - 7
AN  - 32020126
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00307-x
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32020126
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Technical guidance for laboratory testing of 2019-nCoV infection (third edition)
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Biosafety and Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bsheal.2020.02.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S259005362030015X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - What next for the coronavirus response?
AU  - Zarocostas, John
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10222
PG  - 401
SP  - 401
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30292-0
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673620302920
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - What goes on board aircraft? Passengers include Aedes, Anopheles, 2019-nCoV, dengue, Salmonella, Zika, et al
AU  - Wilson, Mary E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101572
SP  - 101572
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101572
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893920300223
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - What to do next to control the 2019-nCoV epidemic?
AU  - Wang, Fu-Sheng
AU  - Zhang, Chao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10222
PG  - 391-393
SP  - 391
EP  - 393
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30300-7
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30300-7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Revisiting the dangers of the coronavirus in the ophthalmology practice
AU  - Seah, Ivan
AU  - Su, Xinyi
AU  - Lingam, Gopal
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A possible threat in the ophthalmology clinic While the 2019-nCoV transmission route is still unknown, countries have been preparing measures based on past experiences with coronaviruses namely SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. These viruses transmit primarily through droplets and other bodily secretions. In the ophthalmology practice, healthcare workers may be particularly susceptible to these infections. Firstly, ophthalmologists are extremely reliant on physical examination during patient consultation. Of particular concern is the proximity between the patient and ophthalmologist during the slit lamp microscope examination. It has been shown that droplets from a cough or sneeze can be propelled for up to 6?m [8], a range that definitely encompasses the distance between the patient and ophthalmologist. Secondly, during the SARS-CoV epidemic, clinical reports have suggested tears as a medium of infection. In a case series by Loon et al., it was shown that viral RNA of the SARS-CoV can be detected by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) from the tears of infected individuals [9]. While anecdotal in nature, such accounts highlight the possible infectivity of tears, a fluid which ophthalmologists and instruments come in contact on a daily basis. If true, this represents a crucial need for further development of disinfection and personal protective equipment (PPE) protocols for the ophthalmology clinic.SN - 1476-5454
JO  - Eye
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41433-020-0790-7
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41433-020-0790-7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - China virus response criticized as slow
AU  - Science, American Association for the Advancement of
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As the novel coronavirus that emerged in Wuhan spreads worldwide (p. 610), China is facing criticism that its initial response was slow, and questions persist about officials' openness. People in and outside of China have praised an early warning about mysterious illnesses, sounded in a message sent 30 December 2019 by Li Wenliang, an ophthalmologist at a Wuhan hospital, to his medical school classmates. On 3 January, however, local police summoned Li, chastised him for spreading socially disruptive rumors, and made him sign a letter of self-criticism. He has since become infected and was hospitalized. Last week, the country's highest court faulted Li's detention as overreach. China is waging a fierce battle against the virus; it built a new, 1000-bed hospital in Wuhan in just 10 days, and Chinese scientists have published several papers on the virus. But in a 30 January statement leaked on social media, China's Ministry of Science and Technology urged researchers to pour their efforts into stopping its spread instead. “Until the task of prevention and control is completed, the focus should not be on the publication of papers,” the statement says As the novel coronavirus that emerged in Wuhan spreads worldwide (p. [610][1]), China is facing criticism that its initial response was slow, and questions persist about officials' openness. People in and outside of China have praised an early warning about mysterious illnesses, sounded in a message sent 30 December 2019 by Li Wenliang, an ophthalmologist at a Wuhan hospital, to his medical school classmates. On 3 January, however, local police summoned Li, chastised him for spreading socially disruptive rumors, and made him sign a letter of self-criticism. He has since become infected and was hospitalized. Last week, the country's highest court faulted Li's detention as overreach. China is waging a fierce battle against the virus; it built a new, 1000-bed hospital in Wuhan in just 10 days, and Chinese scientists have published several papers on the virus. But in a 30 January statement leaked on social media, China's Ministry of Science and Technology urged researchers to pour their efforts into stopping its spread instead. “Until the task of prevention and control is completed, the focus should not be on the publication of papers,” the statement says. > “Employees … are questioning whether they should post potentially life-saving info or check tweets first.” > > A September 2019 email by a National Weather Service official , reported by The Washington Post, after superiors rebuked forecasters for contradicting the president's inaccurate tweets about Hurricane Dorian's path. ### Agriculture The largest plague of desert locusts ( Schistocerca gregaria ) in decades is advancing across the Horn of Africa, consuming crops and threatening famine. The problem began in 2018 when unusually heavy rains on the Arabian Peninsula allowed populations to boom over several generations. In October 2019, the locusts swarmed south into Ethiopia, Eritrea, and Somalia, and in late December, they spread to Kenya, causing the worst infestation there in 70 years. Somalia—which last week declared a national emergency and asked for increased food aid—has already lost 100,000 hectares of crops and pasture. Another generation of locusts will likely hatch this month and cause more damage. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations called for $70 million to fight the outbreak with pesticides and help farmers. ### Glaciology After dropping sensors and a torpedo-shaped robot through a 700-meter hole in the ice, scientists in Antarctica last week revealed the first direct evidence that warm ocean temperatures around the rapidly retreating Thwaites Glacier could destabilize the key ice sheet. Researchers are worried because Thwaites—larger than the state of Illinois—helps block the ocean from reaching and warming the even bigger, unstable West Antarctic Ice Sheet, whose melting could eventually drive meters of sea level rise. Battling 2 months of stormy conditions, the team measured ocean waters beneath Thwaites at more than 2°C above the freezing point. The robot, Icefin (above, shown operating elsewhere in Antarctica), provided the first images of the glacier's grounding zone, the mysterious boundary where the floating coastal ice sheet attaches to bedrock. The project is part of the International Thwaites Glacier Collaboration, a multiyear effort by the United States and the United Kingdom that is wrapping up its first full field season. ### Leadership Some researchers in Colombia are calling for a little-known molecular biologist appointed as the country's first ever science minister to resign. They are outraged by reports that she treated cancer patients with a fungal extract, without running a formal clinical trial. “We can only regret that the course of how to do science in our country has been left in the hands of pseudoscience,” the Colombian Association of Medical Faculties wrote in a statement. In December 2019, Mabel Gisela Torres Torres was appointed to lead the newly created Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation. In January, she told a newspaper she did not seek formal ethical, safety, and efficacy reviews of her work with patients because she believed the fungus posed no threat to human health. Her Ph.D. adviser has defended her and notes that metabolites in the fungi Torres studied have shown potential as a cancer treatment in cell and mouse studies. ### Environmental science ![Figure][2] CREDITS: (GRAPHIC) J. BRAINARD/ SCIENCE ; (DATA) UNITED NATIONS UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE FOR WATER, ENVIRONMENT, AND HEALTH The world's growing flows of wastewater offer a largely untapped, potentially lucrative source of energy, agricultural fertilizers, and water for irrigation, a comprehensive study says. The opportunities will increase as the annual volume of wastewater—now 380 billion cubic meters—expands by an estimated 51% by 2050, as populations and incomes multiply, says a team led by researchers at United Nations University's Institute for Water, Environment, and Health. About 13% of global demand for fertilizer could be met by recovering nitrogen, phosphorus, and potash from wastewater; such use provides a bonus, diverting nutrients from waterways, where they can create harmful eutrophication. Sewage also offers an alternative energy source. The need to plan and finance such recovery efforts is greatest in “low- and middle-income countries, where most municipal wastewater still goes into the environment untreated,” says the study, published 27 January in Natural Resources Forum. ### Conservation A decision by South Africa's government to allow breeding and genetic research on more than 30 wild species—including rhinos, lions, and cheetahs—could considerably reduce their genetic diversity, scientists warned last week. The government's action has been interpreted to allow breeders to select for commercially desirable traits, such as longer horns or larger body size; that could create genetic bottlenecks by promoting a few stud lines, the researchers wrote in the South African Journal of Science. They added that it may prove expensive or impossible to keep the intensively bred animals from mating with wild counterparts. A handful of game ranchers requested the policy, which South Africa announced in May 2019 without consulting the public or studying potential consequences. Game ranching —for hunting, meat, and tourism—already occupies more than 15% of the country, and the government wants to expand the industry. ### Funding The U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) announced this week seven winners in its contest for “big ideas” to address societal problems. Four winning teams will receive $26,000 each to develop ideas on topics ranging from using artificial intelligence for complex problem-solving to developing small-scale technologies that sequester carbon dioxide. Three more teams earned $10,000 as runners-up. The 2026 Idea Machine contest attracted almost 800 submissions, and although some high schoolers made it to the semifinals, all the winners work at research institutions. NSF hopes to fund workshops and exploratory grants to further develop these and other ideas from contestants. ### Publishing A software company said last week it has teamed up with publishing giant Wiley to roll out in mid-2020 a tool that can signal whether findings in Wiley's scientific papers are reproducible. The software, called [Scite.ai][3], uses artificial intelligence to examine articles that cite a paper, and determines and displays whether they provide evidence supporting or contradicting the paper's findings. Users can browse and search the relevant text of the citing articles. Scite CEO Josh Nicholson says the software allows users to home in on articles that attempted to reproduce a study; of every 100 citations analyzed, Scite has found that 94 merely note the paper cited. The addition of Wiley's articles will expand Scite's current trove of more than 14 million papers from other publishers, most in the biomedical sciences. Nicholson expects his company to sign agreements with additional publishers to analyze their articles. ### Biomedicine The Chan Zuckerberg Initiative (CZI) said this week it will award $13.5 million to 30 patient advocacy groups to support their work finding treatments for rare diseases. Of an estimated 7000 rare diseases, fewer than 5% have treatments approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Each group will receive $450,000 over 2 years as well as training and mentoring as part of the foundation's Rare As One Project, launched last year to help advocates develop networks of patients, clinicians, and scientists. Most of the diseases are autoimmune, neurodegenerative, and other inherited disorders, but the list of diseases also includes rare cancers. CZI, founded by Facebook's Mark Zuckerberg and pediatrician Priscilla Chan, his wife, has made a few other awards to rare disease groups. The initiative expected to make just 10 Rare As One awards but tripled the number after receiving 275 applications. ### Conservation The Trump administration proposed last week to end penalties on owners of open oil storage ponds and other industrial operations that kill birds accidentally. The administration will instead encourage voluntary efforts to protect birds. Conservation groups cried foul, saying the change to the Migratory Bird Treaty Act of 1918 will only embolden companies to take actions that threaten vulnerable species. ### BRAIN Initiative gets leader Since its launch in 2013, the U.S. Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies (BRAIN) Initiative has doled out about $1.3 billion to develop tools that map and manipulate the brain. Until now, the multiagency effort has had no formal director. But last week, neurobiologist John Ngai of the University of California, Berkeley, was named to take the helm in March. (A longer version of the interview is at <https://scim.ag/BRAINdirector>.) > Q: Why is BRAIN getting a director? > A:The initiative has been run day to day by a terrific team of senior program directors and staff with oversight from the 10 [U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH)] institutes and centers that are involved in BRAIN. I think as enterprises emerge from their startup phase, the question is how do you translate this into a sustainable enterprise, and yet maintain this cutting-edge innovation? … The initiative really will benefit from somebody thinking about this 24/7. > Q: What distinguishes this second phase of BRAIN? > A:In the first phase, there was a very intentional and concentrated focus on tool development. As we learn more about how neural circuits drive behavior … we can start implementing that knowledge, in terms of treating human diseases. I am hopeful that BRAIN, with other efforts in NIH and in partnership with industry, [can create] technology platforms that could be applied across multiple disease applications. For example: a toolkit of different types of viral delivery vectors [for gene therapy] that could be applied to different parts of the brain, different cell types in the brain, and so on. > Q: What do you see as the initiative's shortcomings? > A:We have a lot of figuring out to do in terms of how to balance the unique potential of individual investigator-initiated research versus the power of large-scale projects. … [And] there is a diversity issue in terms of ethnic diversity as well as gender diversity [among applicants and funded investigators]. It's a hard problem. It just kills me that we're leaving all this talent on the table. [1]: http://www.sciencemag.org/content/367/6478/610 [2]: pending:yes [3]: https://Scite.ai
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 367
IS  - 6478
PG  - 606-608
SP  - 606
EP  - 608
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.367.6478.606
UR  - https://science.sciencemag.org/content/367/6478/606
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus epidemic: preparing for extracorporeal organ support in intensive care
AU  - Ronco, Claudio
AU  - Navalesi, Paolo
AU  - Vincent, Jean Louis
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Respiratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30060-6
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213260020300606
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus: doctor who faced backlash from police after warning of outbreak dies
AU  - Mahase, Elisabeth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Li Wenliang—a doctor from Wuhan, China, who said he was reprimanded by police for warning other doctors about novel coronavirus at the start of the outbreak—has died after being infected with 2019-nCoV.When the first cases of a pneumonia-like condition appeared in a local hospital, Li sent messages to his medical school alumni group on the Chinese messaging app WeChat, warning that, from the test results he had …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m528
SP  - m528
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m528
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/content/368/bmj.m528.abstract
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 2019-nCoV transmission through the ocular surface must not be ignored
AU  - Lu, Cheng-wei
AU  - Liu, Xiu-fen
AU  - Jia, Zhi-fang
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30313-5
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30313-5
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Transmission dynamics and evolutionary history of 2019-nCoV
AU  - Li, Xingguang
AU  - Wang, Wei
AU  - Zhao, Xiaofang
AU  - Zai, Junjie
AU  - Zhao, Qiang
AU  - Li, Yi
AU  - Chaillon, Antoine
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract To investigate the time origin, genetic diversity, and transmission dynamics of the recent 2019-nCoV outbreak in China and beyond, a total of 32 genomes of virus strains sampled from China, Thailand, and USA with sampling dates between 24 December 2019 and 23 January 2020 were analyzed. Phylogenetic, transmission network, and likelihood-mapping analyses of the genome sequences were performed. Based on likelihood-mapping analysis, the increasing tree-like signals (from 0 to 8.2%, 18.2%, and 25.4%) over time may be indicative of increasing genetic diversity of 2019-nCoV in human hosts. We identified three phylogenetic clusters using the Bayesian inference framework and three transmission clusters using transmission network analysis, with only one cluster identified by both methods using the above genome sequences of 2019-nCoV strains. The estimated mean evolutionary rate for 2019-nCoV ranged from 1.7926 ? 10-3 to 1.8266 ? 10-3 substitutions per site per year. Based on our study, undertaking epidemiological investigations and genomic data surveillance could positively impact public health in terms of guiding prevention efforts to reduce 2019-nCOV transmission in real time. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25701
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25701
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Will novel virus go pandemic or be contained?
AU  - Kupferschmidt, Kai
AU  - Cohen, Jon
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The repatriation of 565 Japanese citizens from Wuhan, China, in late January offered scientists an unexpected opportunity to learn a bit more about the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) raging in that city. To avoid domestic spread of the virus, Japanese officials screened every passenger for disease symptoms and tested them for the virus after they landed. Eight tested positive, but four of those had no symptoms at all, says epidemiologist Hiroshi Nishiura of Hokkaido University, Sapporo—which is a bright red flag for epidemiologists who are trying to figure out what the fast-moving epidemic has in store for humanity. If many infections go unnoticed, as the Japanese finding suggests, that vastly complicates efforts to contain the outbreak. Two months after 2019-nCoV emerged—and with well over 20,000 cases and 427 deaths as Science went to press—mathematical modelers have been racing to predict where the virus will move next, how big a toll it might ultimately take, and whether isolating patients and limiting travel will slow it. But to make confident predictions, they need to know much more about how easily the virus spreads, how sick it makes people, and whether infected people with no symptoms can still infect others. Some of that information is coming out of China. But amid the all-out battle to control the virus, and with diagnostic capabilities in short supply, Chinese researchers cannot answer all the questions. Countries with just a handful of cases, such as Japan, can also reveal important data, says Preben Aavitsland of the Norwegian Institute of Public Health. “It's up to all countries now that receive cases to collect as much information as possible.” With the limited information so far, scientists are sketching out possible paths that the virus might take, weighing the likelihoods of each, and trying to determine the fallout. “We're at this stage where defined scenarios and the evidence for and against them are really important because it allows people to plan better,” says Marc Lipsitch, an epidemiologist at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. These scenarios break into two broad categories: The world gets the virus under control—or it doesn't. The most optimistic scenario is one in which 2019-nCoV remains mostly confined to China, where 99% of the confirmed cases have occurred so far. (By 4 February, two dozen other countries had together reported 195 cases.) “There has obviously been a huge amount of spread within China, but [elsewhere], there's no evidence of any kind of substantial human-to-human transmission,” says Robin Thompson, a mathematical epidemiologist at the University of Oxford. “The risk probably isn't as high as some models have been projecting.” If no other countries see sustained transmission and the quarantines and other measures taken in China start to reduce the number of infections there, the risk of spread might gradually go down, and the virus might eventually be quashed. This happened with the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak in 2003, which ended after fewer than 9000 cases. That's what the World Health Organization (WHO), which last week declared the outbreak a Public Health Emergency of International Concern, hopes for this time. In a press conference, Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus called for a global version of the approach his team took in the current Ebola outbreak: Fight the disease at the source and try to keep it from gaining a foothold elsewhere. “Focus on the epicenter,” Tedros said. “If you have several epicenters, it is chaos.” Epidemiologist Marion Koopmans of Erasmus Medical Center says it may not be that hard to contain the virus in a new locale as long as the first cases are detected and isolated early—provided the virus is not highly transmissible. “We don't see it taking off in the 200 or so cases seeded outside of China,” Koopmans says. If that pattern holds, “there still is the possibility it will bend off.” She and others suspect the climate may help. Influenza typically only spreads during the winter months and hits northern and southern China at different times. If that is true for 2019-nCoV, its spread might start to slow down in the Northern Hemisphere within a few months. “That is a big question mark we're trying to assess at the moment,” says Joseph Wu, a modeler at the University of Hong Kong. But is containment realistic? Success will depend in part on whether infected people who don't have symptoms can spread the virus. Asymptomatic people are hard to find and isolate, so if they can spread disease, 2019-nCoV “will be very difficult to stop in China,” says Alessandro Vespignani, a modeler of infectious diseases at Northeastern University. But if asymptomatic transmission is rare, he says, “isolation and social distancing can have a big impact.” So far it has been difficult to get a handle on this question. Some data from China seem to support asymptomatic transmission, but none are clear-cut. A widely reported 30 January letter in The New England Journal of Medicine described the case of a Chinese businesswoman who touched off a cluster of four cases in Germany before she became sick herself. But 4 days later, it became clear the researchers had not contacted the woman, who had flown back to China, before the paper was published. In a later phone interview, she said she had experienced some symptoms while in Germany. In follow-up results announced in a 4 February press release, the researchers noted that some patients they studied shed virus even though their symptoms were mild. That's almost as bad as asymptomatic transmission, says virologist Christian Drosten of the Charité University Hospital in Berlin: Patients with mild symptoms are unlikely to seek medical care and may not even stay home, giving the virus ample opportunities to spread far and wide. Based on what they have seen so far, many researchers think it's probably too late to contain the virus. “As the virus continues to spread in China, the risk of exportation to other countries grows and sooner or later we will see it spread in another country,” Aavitsland says. So far there has been no sustained transmission outside of China, but Lipsitch expects that to change: “I would be really shocked if in 2 or 3 weeks there wasn't ongoing transmission with hundreds of cases in several countries on several continents.” If the virus does spread to all corners of the world in a pandemic, several questions will loom large: What percentage of the population will become infected, and of those, how many will get very sick or die? More severe cases place heavier demands on health care systems—hospitals in Wuhan are already overwhelmed—and result in greater fears and disruption of daily life. A deadly pandemic might force the world to make stark choices about fair access to medicines or vaccines, if they become available. It might also lead to widespread restrictions on domestic travel akin to those already in force in China, Aavitsland says. If, on the other hand, 2019-nCoV resembles the common cold or a mild flu, the spread of the virus would be less alarming. Existing travel bans likely would be lifted. Understanding the severity and case fatality rate is a challenge with any new pathogen. When a new influenza strain emerged in 2009—and went on to cause a pandemic—many worried it might turn out to be a nasty variety. It took months to establish that the new virus killed only about one in 10,000 patients. So far, mortality among known 2019-nCoV cases is about 2%, and some reports say 20% of infected people suffer severe disease. But these figures may overlook tens of thousands of people with mild disease—say, a sore throat or a low-grade fever—who never seek medical care and may not even know they were infected with 2019-nCoV. Many may have no symptoms at all. “So what looks like a horrific disease may be the horrific tip of a very large iceberg,” Lipsitch says. The fact that four Japanese evacuees were asymptomatic is a case in point. Studies in China have also reported some cases with few or no symptoms. What's missing is a large study in China, Lipsitch says. He suggests some fraction of the tests that are available in a place with many cases should be set aside for that purpose. (Current recommendations in China call for testing people with clear symptoms only.) If indeed 2019-nCoV becomes pandemic, humanity may be stuck with it indefinitely. After spreading far and wide, the virus might become endemic in the human population, just like four other coronaviruses that cause the common cold, and occasionally cause fresh outbreaks. How much death and disease it would cause is anyone's guess. The silver lining of the epidemic is that scientists have collected and shared information at record speed. “Every day that goes by we know more and every day that goes by we can do better modeling,” Vespignani says. “Unfortunately, this beast is moving very fast.”
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 367
IS  - 6478
PG  - 610-611
SP  - 610
EP  - 611
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.367.6478.610
UR  - https://science.sciencemag.org/content/367/6478/610/tab-pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Persistence of coronaviruses on inanimate surfaces and its inactivation with biocidal agents
AU  - Kampf, Günter
AU  - Todt, Daniel
AU  - Pfaender, Stephanie
AU  - Steinmann, Eike
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Summary Currently, the emergence of a novel human coronavirus, temporary named 2019-nCoV, has become a global health concern causing severe respiratory tract infections in humans. Human-to-human transmissions have been described with incubation times between 2-10 days, facilitating its spread via droplets, contaminated hands or surfaces. We therefore reviewed the literature on all available information about the persistence of human and veterinary coronaviruses on inanimate surfaces as well as inactivation strategies with biocidal agents used for chemical disinfection, e.g. in healthcare facilities. The analysis of 22 studies reveals that human coronaviruses such as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) coronavirus, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) coronavirus or endemic human coronaviruses (HCoV) can persist on inanimate surfaces like metal, glass or plastic for up to 9 days, but can be efficiently inactivated by surface disinfection procedures with 62-71% ethanol, 0.5% hydrogen peroxide or 0.1% sodium hypochlorite within 1 minute. Other biocidal agents such as 0.05-0.2% benzalkonium chloride or 0.02% chlorhexidine digluconate are less effective. As no specific therapies are available for 2019-nCoV, early containment and prevention of further spread will be crucial to stop the ongoing outbreak and to control this novel infectious thread.
JO  - Journal of Hospital Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2020.01.022
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0195670120300463
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A rapid advice guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infected pneumonia (standard version)
AU  - Jin, Ying-Hui
AU  - Cai, Lin
AU  - Cheng, Zhen-Shun
AU  - Cheng, Hong
AU  - Deng, Tong
AU  - Fan, Yi-Pin
AU  - Fang, Cheng
AU  - Huang, Di
AU  - Huang, Lu-Qi
AU  - Huang, Qiao
AU  - Han, Yong
AU  - Hu, Bo
AU  - Hu, Fen
AU  - Li, Bing-Hui
AU  - Li, Yi-Rong
AU  - Liang, Ke
AU  - Lin, Li-Kai
AU  - Luo, Li-Sha
AU  - Ma, Jing
AU  - Ma, Lin-Lu
AU  - Peng, Zhi-Yong
AU  - Pan, Yun-Bao
AU  - Pan, Zhen-Yu
AU  - Ren, Xue-Qun
AU  - Sun, Hui-Min
AU  - Wang, Ying
AU  - Wang, Yun-Yun
AU  - Weng, Hong
AU  - Wei, Chao-Jie
AU  - Wu, Dong-Fang
AU  - Xia, Jian
AU  - Xiong, Yong
AU  - Xu, Hai-Bo
AU  - Yao, Xiao-Mei
AU  - Yuan, Yu-Feng
AU  - Ye, Tai-Sheng
AU  - Zhang, Xiao-Chun
AU  - Zhang, Ying-Wen
AU  - Zhang, Yin-Gao
AU  - Zhang, Hua-Min
AU  - Zhao, Yan
AU  - Zhao, Ming-Juan
AU  - Zi, Hao
AU  - Zeng, Xian-Tao
AU  - Wang, Yong-Yan
AU  - Wang, Xing-Huan
AU  - Management, for the Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University Novel Coronavirus
AU  - Research Team, Evidence-Based Medicine Chapter of China International Exchange
AU  - Promotive Association for, Medical
AU  - Health, Care
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, a new type viral pneumonia cases occurred in Wuhan, Hubei Province; and then named “2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)” by the World Health Organization (WHO) on 12 January 2020. For it is a never been experienced respiratory disease before and with infection ability widely and quickly, it attracted the world’s attention but without treatment and control manual. For the request from frontline clinicians and public health professionals of 2019-nCoV infected pneumonia management, an evidence-based guideline urgently needs to be developed. Therefore, we drafted this guideline according to the rapid advice guidelines methodology and general rules of WHO guideline development; we also added the first-hand management data of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University. This guideline includes the guideline methodology, epidemiological characteristics, disease screening and population prevention, diagnosis, treatment and control (including traditional Chinese Medicine), nosocomial infection prevention and control, and disease nursing of the 2019-nCoV. Moreover, we also provide a whole process of a successful treatment case of the severe 2019-nCoV infected pneumonia and experience and lessons of hospital rescue for 2019-nCoV infections. This rapid advice guideline is suitable for the first frontline doctors and nurses, managers of hospitals and healthcare sections, community residents, public health persons, relevant researchers, and all person who are interested in the 2019-nCoV.
JO  - Military Medical Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 7
IS  - 1
PG  - 4
SP  - 4
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s40779-020-0233-6
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1186/s40779-020-0233-6
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Offline: 2019-nCoV—“A desperate plea”
AU  - Horton, Richard
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10222
PG  - 400
SP  - 400
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30299-3
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673620302993
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 2019-nCoV epidemic: what about pregnancies?
AU  - Favre, Guillaume
AU  - Pomar, Léo
AU  - Musso, Didier
AU  - Baud, David
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30311-1
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673620303111
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A strategy to prevent future pandemics similar to the 2019-nCoV outbreak
AU  - Daszak, Peter
AU  - Olival, Kevin J.
AU  - Li, Hongying
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A novel bat-origin coronavirus emerged in Wuhan, China in December 2019 and continues to spread across China and the world. At the time of writing, a massive global response has been implemented to control the disease as it spreads from person to person. Yet the high-risk human-wildlife interactions and interfaces that led to the emergence of SARS-CoV and of 2019-nCoV continue to exist in emerging disease hotspots globally. To prevent the next pandemic related to these interfaces, we call for research and investment in three areas: 1) surveillance among wildlife to identify the high-risk pathogens they carry; 2) surveillance among people who have contact with wildlife to identify early spillover events; and 3) improvement of market biosecurity regarding the wildlife trade. As the emergence of a novel virus anywhere can impact the furthest reaches of our connected world, international collaboration among scientists is essential to address these risks and prevent the next pandemic.
JO  - Biosafety and Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bsheal.2020.01.003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590053620300161
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Genomic variance of the 2019-nCoV coronavirus
AU  - Ceraolo, Carmine
AU  - Giorgi, Federico M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract There is rising global concern for the recently emerged novel Coronavirus (2019-nCov). Full genomic sequences have been released by the worldwide scientific community in the last few weeks in order to understand the evolutionary origin and molecular characteristics of this virus. Taking advantage of all the genomic information currently available, we constructed a phylogenetic tree including also representatives of other coronaviridae, such as Bat coronavirus (BCoV) and SARS. We confirm high sequence similarity (>99%) between all sequenced 2019-nCoVs genomes available, with the closest BCoV sequence sharing 96.2% sequence identity, confirming the notion of a zoonotic origin of 2019-nCoV. Despite the low heterogeneity of the 2019-nCoV genomes, we could identify at least two hyper-variable genomic hotspots, one of which is responsible for a Serine/Leucine variation in the viral ORF8-encoded protein. Finally, we perform a full proteomic comparison with other coronaviridae, identifying key aminoacidic differences to be considered for antiviral strategies deriving from previous anti-coronavirus approaches. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25700
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25700
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus infections reported by ProMED, February 2000–January 2020
AU  - Bonilla-Aldana, D. Katterine
AU  - Holguin-Rivera, Yeimer
AU  - Cortes-Bonilla, Isabella
AU  - Cardona-Trujillo, María C.
AU  - García-Barco, Alejandra
AU  - Bedoya-Arias, Hugo A.
AU  - Rabaan, Ali A.
AU  - Sah, Ranjit
AU  - Rodriguez-Morales, Alfonso J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Introduction Sources describing the global burden of emerging diseases accurately are still limited. We reviewed coronavirus infections reported by ProMED and assessed the reliability of the data retrieved compared to published reports. We evaluated the effectiveness of ProMED as a source of epidemiological data on coronavirus. Methods Using the keyword “coronavirus” in the ProMED search engine, we reviewed all the information from the reports and collected data using a structured form, including year, country, gender, occupation, the number of infected individuals, and the number of fatal cases. Results We identified 109 entries reported between February 29, 2000 and January 22, 2020. A total of 966 cases were reported, with death reported in 188 cases, suggesting an overall case fatality rate (CFR) of 19.5%. Of 70 cases for which the gender was reported, 47 (67.1%) were male. Most of the cases were reported from China, the United Arab Emirates, and Saudi Arabia, with reports from other countries, including imported cases in Europe and North America. Conclusions Internet-based reporting systems such as ProMED are useful to gather information and synthesize knowledge on emerging infections. Although certain areas need to be improved, ProMED provided useful information about coronaviruses especially during outbreaks.
JO  - Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101575
SP  - 101575
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101575
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893920300259
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Urgent research agenda for the novel coronavirus epidemic: transmission and non-pharmaceutical mitigation strategies
AU  - Strategy
AU  - Policy Working Group for, Ncip Epidemic Response
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 0
PG  - 1-6
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
AN  - 32026672
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2020.02.001
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32026672
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Initial Public Health Response and Interim Clinical Guidance for the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Outbreak - United States, December 31, 2019-February 4, 2020
AU  - Patel, Anita
AU  - Jernigan, Daniel B.
AU  - nCo, V. C. D. C. Response Team
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - On December 31, 2019, Chinese health officials reported a cluster of cases of acute respiratory illness in persons associated with the Hunan seafood and animal market in the city of Wuhan, Hubei Province, in central China. On January 7, 2020, Chinese health officials confirmed that a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) was associated with this initial cluster (1). As of February 4, 2020, a total of 20,471 confirmed cases, including 2,788 (13.6%) with severe illness,* and 425 deaths (2.1%) had been reported by the National Health Commission of China (2). Cases have also been reported in 26 locations outside of mainland China, including documentation of some person-to-person transmission and one death (2). As of February 4, 11 cases had been reported in the United States. On January 30, the World Health Organization (WHO) Director-General declared that the 2019-nCoV outbreak constitutes a Public Health Emergency of International Concern.(†) On January 31, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) Secretary declared a U.S. public health emergency to respond to 2019-nCoV.(§) Also on January 31, the president of the United States signed a "Proclamation on Suspension of Entry as Immigrants and Nonimmigrants of Persons who Pose a Risk of Transmitting 2019 Novel Coronavirus," which limits entry into the United States of persons who traveled to mainland China to U.S. citizens and lawful permanent residents and their families (3). CDC, multiple other federal agencies, state and local health departments, and other partners are implementing aggressive measures to slow transmission of 2019-nCoV in the United States (4,5). These measures require the identification of cases and their contacts in the United States and the appropriate assessment and care of travelers arriving from mainland China to the United States. These measures are being implemented in anticipation of additional 2019-nCoV cases in the United States. Although these measures might not prevent the eventual establishment of ongoing, widespread transmission of the virus in the United States, they are being implemented to 1) slow the spread of illness; 2) provide time to better prepare health care systems and the general public to be ready if widespread transmission with substantial associated illness occurs; and 3) better characterize 2019-nCoV infection to guide public health recommendations and the development of medical countermeasures including diagnostics, therapeutics, and vaccines. Public health authorities are monitoring the situation closely. As more is learned about this novel virus and this outbreak, CDC will rapidly incorporate new knowledge into guidance for action by CDC and state and local health departments.
JO  - MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 69
IS  - 5
PG  - 140-146
SP  - 140
EP  - 146
AN  - 32027631
DO  - 10.15585/mmwr.mm6905e1
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32027631
NS  - 
N1  - elizabeth mumford (2020-02-15 02:04:45)(Included): linked with #829 and #454; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemiological characteristics of 2019 novel coronavirus: an interim review
AU  - Ryu, Sukhyun
AU  - Chun, Byung Chul
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVES: The 2019-nCoV from Wuhan, China is now recognized as a public health emergency of global concern. METHODS: To update the control measures in public health authorities, we reviewed the currently available literature. RESULTS: Some of the epidemiologic characteristics were identified. However, considerable uncertainties are still present to provide the updated guidance of control measures to public health authorities. CONCLUSION: Additional studies based on detailed information on confirmed cases would be valuable.
JO  - Epidemiol Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - e2020006-e2020006
SP  - e2020006
EP  - e2020006
AN  - 32023775
DO  - 10.4178/epih.e2020006
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32023775
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Emerging Coronavirus 2019-nCoV Pneumonia
AU  - Song, Fengxiang
AU  - Shi, Nannan
AU  - Shan, Fei
AU  - Zhang, Zhiyong
AU  - Shen, Jie
AU  - Lu, Hongzhou
AU  - Ling, Yun
AU  - Jiang, Yebin
AU  - Shi, Yuxin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background The chest CT findings of patients with coronavirus 2019-nCoV pneumonia have not previously been described in detail. Purpose To investigate the clinical, laboratory, and imaging findings of emerging coronavirus 2019-nCoV pneumonia in humans. Materials and Methods Fifty-one patients (25 men and 26 women, 16-76 years old) with 2019-nCoV pneumonia confirmed with the positive new coronavirus nucleic acid antibody underwent thin-section CT. The imaging findings, clinical and laboratory data were evaluated. Results Fifty of 51 patients (98%) had a history of the endemic center Wuhan contact. Fever (49/51, 96%) and cough (24/51, 47%) were the most common symptoms. Most patients had a normal white blood cell count (37/51, 73%), neutrophil count (44/51, 86.3%) and normal (17/51, 35.3%) or reduced (33/51, 64.7%) lymphocyte count. CT images showed pure ground grass opacity (GGO) in 39/51 (77%) patients, GGO with reticular and/or interlobular septal thickening in 38/51 (75%) patients. GGO with consolidation was present in 30/51 (59%) and pure consolidation in 28/51 (55%) patients. 44/51 (86%) patients had bilateral lung involvement, while 41/51 (80%) involved the posterior part of the lungs and 44/51 (86%) were peripheral. There were more consolidated lung lesions in patients 5 or more days from disease onset to CT scan versus 4 or fewer days (431/712 lesions vs. 129/612 lesions, p < 0.001). Patients more than 50 years old had more consolidated lung lesions than those 50 years or younger (212/470 vs. 198/854, p < 0.001). Follow up CT in 13 patients showed improvement in 7 (54%) patients and progression in 4 (31%) patients. Conclusions Patients with fever and/or cough and with conspicuous ground grass opacity lesions in the peripheral and posterior lungs on CT images combined with normal or decreased white blood cells and a history of epidemic exposure are highly suspected of 2019-nCoV pneumonia.
JO  - Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 200274-200274
SP  - 200274
EP  - 200274
AN  - 32027573
DO  - 10.1148/radiol.2020200274
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32027573
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Analysis of clinical features of 29 patients with 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - Chen, L.
AU  - Liu, H. G.
AU  - Liu, W.
AU  - Liu, J.
AU  - Liu, K.
AU  - Shang, J.
AU  - Deng, Y.
AU  - Wei, S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) pneumonia and to investigate the correlation between serum inflammatory cytokines and severity of the disease. Methods: 29 patients with 2019-ncov admitted to the isolation ward of Tongji hospital affiliated to Tongji medical college of Huazhong University of Science and Technology in January 2020 were selected as the study subjects. Clinical data were collected and the general information, clinical symptoms, blood test and CT imaging characteristics were analyzed. According to the relevant diagnostic criteria, the patients were divided into three groups: mild (15 cases), severe (9 cases) and critical (5 cases). The expression levels of inflammatory cytokines and other markers in the serum of each group were detected, and the changes of these indicators of the three groups were compared and analyzed, as well as their relationship with the clinical classification of the disease. Results: (1) The main symptoms of 2019-nCoV pneumonia was fever (28/29) with or without respiratory and other systemic symptoms. Two patients died with underlying disease and co-bacterial infection, respectively. (2) The blood test of the patients showed normal or decreased white blood cell count (23/29), decreased lymphocyte count (20/29), increased hypersensitive C reactive protein (hs-CRP) (27/29), and normal procalcitonin. In most patients,serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was significantly increased (20/29), while albumin was decreased(15/29). Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin (Tbil), serum creatinine (Scr) and other items showed no significant changes. (3) CT findings of typical cases were single or multiple patchy ground glass shadows accompanied by septal thickening. When the disease progresses, the lesion increases and the scope expands, and the ground glass shadow coexists with the solid shadow or the stripe shadow. (4) There were statistically significant differences in the expression levels of interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) and IL-6 in the serum of the three groups (P<0.05), among which the critical group was higher than the severe group and the severe group was higher than the mildgroup. However, there were no statistically significant differences in serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), IL-1, IL-8, IL-10, hs-CRP, lymphocyte count and LDH among the three groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: The clinical characteristics of 2019-nCoV pneumonia are similar to those of common viral pneumonia. High resolution CT is of great value in the differential diagnosis of this disease. The increased expression of IL-2R and IL-6 in serum is expected to predict the severity of the 2019-nCoV pneumonia and the prognosis of patients.
JO  - Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 0
PG  - E005-E005
SP  - E005
EP  - E005
AN  - 32026671
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2020.0005
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32026671
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, Australia: Epidemiology Report 1 (Reporting week 26 January - 1 February 2020)
AU  - nCo, V. National Incident Room Surveillance Team
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This is the first epidemiological report of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) acute respiratory disease infections reported in Australia at 19:00 Australian Eastern Daylight Time [AEDT] 1 February 2020. It includes data on Australian cases notified during the week 26 January to 1 February 2020 and in the previous week (19 to 25 January 2020), the international situation and current information on the severity, transmission and spread of the 2019-nCoV infection.
JO  - Commun Dis Intell (2018)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 44
IS  - 
PG  - 10.33321/cdi.2019.44.13
SP  - 10.33321/cdi.2019.44.13
EP  - 
AN  - 32027812
DO  - 10.33321/cdi.2020.44.13
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32027812
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Interpretation of "Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Infection by the National Health Commission (Trial Version 5)"
AU  - Lin, L.
AU  - Li, T. S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China publish the guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection (trial version 5) .With the awareness and understanding of the disease, the guidelines have been revised for recognize, treat, and prevent diseases. Then, what are the contents of the fifth edition of the guide issued updated compared to the fourth edition, now, learn together.
JO  - Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 100
IS  - 0
PG  - E001-E001
SP  - E001
EP  - E001
AN  - 32033513
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2020.0001
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32033513
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Expert consensus on the use of corticosteroid in patients with 2019-nCoV pneumonia
AU  - Zhao, J. P.
AU  - Hu, Y.
AU  - Du, R. H.
AU  - Chen, Z. S.
AU  - Jin, Y.
AU  - Zhou, M.
AU  - Zhang, J.
AU  - Qu, J. M.
AU  - Cao, B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 0
PG  - E007-E007
SP  - E007
EP  - E007
AN  - 32034899
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2020.0007
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32034899
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Expert consensus for bronchoscopy during the epidemic of 2019 Novel Coronavirus infection (Trial version)
AU  - Group of Interventional Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Thoracic Society
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Infection with 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) is mainly transmitted by respiratory droplets, airborne transmission and direct contact. However, conducting bronchoscopy on patients with 2019-nCoV is a high-risk procedure in which health care workers are directly exposed to the virus, and the protection and operation procedures need to be strictly regulated. According to the characteristics of bronchoscopy, it is necessary to formulate the procedure, requirements and precautions when conducting bronchoscopy in the current epidemic situation. Relevant standards for preventing from infections should be strictly implemented in the operation of bronchoscopy. It needs to emphasize that bronchoscopy should not be used as a routine means for the diagnosis of 2019-nCoV infection sampling. The indications for bronchoscopy for other diseases should be strictly mastered, and it is suggested that bronchoscopy should be postponed for those patients who is not in urgent situation.
JO  - Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 0
PG  - E006-E006
SP  - E006
EP  - E006
AN  - 32033514
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2020.0006
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32033514
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of 2019 novel coronavirus infection in children: experts' consensus statement
AU  - Shen, Kunling
AU  - Yang, Yonghong
AU  - Wang, Tianyou
AU  - Zhao, Dongchi
AU  - Jiang, Yi
AU  - Jin, Runming
AU  - Zheng, Yuejie
AU  - Xu, Baoping
AU  - Xie, Zhengde
AU  - Lin, Likai
AU  - Shang, Yunxiao
AU  - Lu, Xiaoxia
AU  - Shu, Sainan
AU  - Bai, Yan
AU  - Deng, Jikui
AU  - Lu, Min
AU  - Ye, Leping
AU  - Wang, Xuefeng
AU  - Wang, Yongyan
AU  - Gao, Liwei
AU  - China National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory, Diseases
AU  - National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing China
AU  - Group of Respirology, Chinese Pediatric Society Chinese Medical Association
AU  - Chinese Medical Doctor Association Committee on Respirology, Pediatrics
AU  - China Medicine Education Association Committee on, Pediatrics
AU  - Chinese Research Hospital Association Committee on, Pediatrics
AU  - Chinese Non-government Medical Institutions Association Committee on, Pediatrics
AU  - China Association of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Committee on Children’s Health
AU  - Medicine, Research
AU  - China News of Drug Information Association, Committee on Children’s Safety Medication
AU  - Global Pediatric Pulmonology, Alliance
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since the outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus infection (2019-nCoV) in Wuhan City, China, by January 30, 2020, a total of 9692 confirmed cases and 15,238 suspected cases have been reported around 31 provinces or cities in China. Among the confirmed cases, 1527 were severe cases, 171 had recovered and been discharged at home, and 213 died. And among these cases, a total of 28 children aged from 1 month to 17 years have been reported in China. For standardizing prevention and management of 2019-nCoV infections in children, we called up an experts' committee to formulate this experts' consensus statement. This statement is based on the Novel Coronavirus Infection Pneumonia Diagnosis and Treatment Standards (the fourth edition) (National Health Committee) and other previous diagnosis and treatment strategies for pediatric virus infections. The present consensus statement summarizes current strategies on diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of 2019-nCoV infection in children.
JO  - World J Pediatr
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1007/s12519-020-00343-7
SP  - 10.1007/s12519
EP  - 020
AN  - 32034659
DO  - 10.1007/s12519-020-00343-7
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32034659
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical Features and Treatment of 2019-nCov Pneumonia Patients in Wuhan: Report of A Couple Cases
AU  - Zhang, Zhan
AU  - Li, Xiaochen
AU  - Zhang, Wei
AU  - Shi, Zheng-Li
AU  - Zheng, Zhishui
AU  - Wang, Tao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The two patients were a couple. The male was 38 years old, and was admitted to the hospital due to fever for one week and dyspnea for one day on Dec. 27, 2019. On admission, he had slight cough of a little green viscous sputum. He had been treated with normal anti-infective therapy in another hospital for 3 days, but did not respond it. After then, he visited our department. The radiography of the chest at the OPD suggested the right lung infection.ER -
JO  - Virologica Sinica
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12250-020-00203-8
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12250-020-00203-8
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Compensation of ACE2 Function for Possible Clinical Management of 2019-nCoV-Induced Acute Lung Injury
AU  - Wu, Yuntao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Virol Sin
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1007/s12250-020-00205-6
SP  - 10.1007/s12250
EP  - 020
AN  - 32034638
DO  - 10.1007/s12250-020-00205-6
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32034638
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Going global – Travel and the 2019 novel coronavirus
AU  - Rodríguez-Morales, Alfonso J.
AU  - MacGregor, Kirsten
AU  - Kanagarajah, Sanch
AU  - Patel, Dipti
AU  - Schlagenhauf, Patricia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101578
SP  - 101578
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101578
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893920300284
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus 2019-nCoV: Is the genie already out of the bottle?
AU  - Hanscheid, Thomas
AU  - Valadas, Emília
AU  - Grobusch, Martin P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101577
SP  - 101577
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101577
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893920300272
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Maps, masks and media – Traveller and practitioner resources for 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) acute respiratory virus
AU  - Chiodini, Jane
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101574
SP  - 101574
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101574
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893920300247
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 2019-novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV): estimating the case fatality rate - a word of caution
AU  - Battegay, Manuel
AU  - Kuehl, Richard
AU  - Tschudin-Sutter, Sarah
AU  - Hirsch, Hans H.
AU  - Widmer, Andreas F.
AU  - Neher, Richard A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Swiss Med Wkly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 150
IS  - 
PG  - w20203-w20203
SP  - w20203
EP  - w20203
AN  - 32031234
DO  - 10.4414/smw.2020.20203
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32031234
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A data driven time-dependent transmission rate for tracking an epidemic: a case study of 2019-nCoV
AU  - Huang, Norden E.
AU  - Qiao, Fangli
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Science Bulletin
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scib.2020.02.005
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095927320300669
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Evolution of CT Manifestations in a Patient Recovered from 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Pneumonia in Wuhan, China
AU  - Shi, Heshui
AU  - Han, Xiaoyu
AU  - Zheng, Chuansheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 200269-200269
SP  - 200269
EP  - 200269
AN  - 32032497
DO  - 10.1148/radiol.2020200269
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32032497
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - CT Manifestations of Two Cases of 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Pneumonia
AU  - Fang, Yicheng
AU  - Zhang, Huangqi
AU  - Xu, Yunyu
AU  - Xie, Jicheng
AU  - Pang, Peipei
AU  - Ji, Wenbin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 200280-200280
SP  - 200280
EP  - 200280
AN  - 32031481
DO  - 10.1148/radiol.2020200280
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32031481
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Public responses to the novel 2019 coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in Japan: mental health consequences and target populations
AU  - Shigemura, Jun
AU  - Ursano, Robert J.
AU  - Morganstein, Joshua C.
AU  - Kurosawa, Mie
AU  - Benedek, David M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/pcn.12988
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.12988
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Viruses from animals
AU  - Le Page, Michael
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Infections that cross over from other species are a deadly problem
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 245
IS  - 3268
PG  - 10
SP  - 10
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30236-0
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920302360
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Did pangolins spread the China coronavirus to people?
AU  - Cyranoski, David
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Genetic sequences of viruses isolated from the scaly animals are 99% similar to that of the circulating virus — but the work is yet to be formally published. Genetic sequences of viruses isolated from the scaly animals are 99% similar to that of the circulating virus — but the work is yet to be formally published.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:10.1038/d41586-020-00364-2
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00364-2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Dexamethasone treatment for the acute respiratory distress syndrome: a multicentre, randomised controlled trial
AU  - Villar, Jesús
AU  - Ferrando, Carlos
AU  - Martínez, Domingo
AU  - Ambrós, Alfonso
AU  - Muñoz, Tomás
AU  - Soler, Juan A.
AU  - Aguilar, Gerardo
AU  - Alba, Francisco
AU  - González-Higueras, Elena
AU  - Conesa, Luís A.
AU  - Martín-Rodríguez, Carmen
AU  - Díaz-Domínguez, Francisco J.
AU  - Serna-Grande, Pablo
AU  - Rivas, Rosana
AU  - Ferreres, José
AU  - Belda, Javier
AU  - Capilla, Lucía
AU  - Tallet, Alec
AU  - Añón, José M.
AU  - Fernández, Rosa L.
AU  - González-Martín, Jesús M.
AU  - Álvarez, Julián
AU  - Asensio, María J.
AU  - Blanco, Jesús
AU  - Blasco, Marisa
AU  - Cachafeiro, Lucia
AU  - del Campo, Rafael
AU  - Carbonell, José A.
AU  - Carbonell, Nieves
AU  - Cariñena, Agustín
AU  - Carriedo, Demetrio
AU  - Chico, Mario
AU  - Corpas, Ruth
AU  - Cuervo, Javier
AU  - Domínguez-Antelo, Cristina
AU  - Fernández, Lorena
AU  - Gamboa, Eneritz
AU  - González-Luengo, Raúl I.
AU  - Ortiz Díaz-Miguel, Ramón
AU  - Pérez-González, Raquel
AU  - Prieto, Ana M.
AU  - Prieto, Isidro
AU  - Rojas-Viguera, Leticia
AU  - Romera, Miguel A.
AU  - Sánchez-Ballesteros, Jesús
AU  - Segura, José M.
AU  - Serrano, Ainhoa
AU  - Solano, Rosario
AU  - Soro, Marina
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - BackgroundThere is no proven specific pharmacological treatment for patients with the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The efficacy of corticosteroids in ARDS remains controversial. We aimed to assess the effects of dexamethasone in ARDS, which might change pulmonary and systemic inflammation and result in a decrease in duration of mechanical ventilation and mortality.
JO  - The Lancet Respiratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2213-2600(19)30417-5
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(19)30417-5
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Australian Government releases face masks to protect against coronavirus
AU  - Kirby, Tony
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Respiratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30064-3
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213260020300643
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 2019-nCoV in context: lessons learned?
AU  - Kock, Richard A.
AU  - Karesh, William B.
AU  - Veas, Francisco
AU  - Velavan, Thirumalaisamy P.
AU  - Simons, David
AU  - Mboera, Leonard E. G.
AU  - Dar, Osman
AU  - Arruda, Liã Bárbara
AU  - Zumla, Alimuddin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Planetary Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(20)30035-8
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2542519620300358
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pandemic potential of 2019-nCoV
AU  - Thompson, Robin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30068-2
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1473309920300682
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Game consumption and the 2019 novel coronavirus
AU  - Li, Jie
AU  - Li, Jun
AU  - Xie, Xiaoru
AU  - Cai, Xiaomei
AU  - Huang, Jian
AU  - Tian, Xuemei
AU  - Zhu, Hong
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30063-3
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30063-3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A contingency plan for the management of the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak in neonatal intensive care units
AU  - Wang, Jianhui
AU  - Qi, Hongbo
AU  - Bao, Lei
AU  - Li, Fang
AU  - Shi, Yuan
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2352-4642(20)30040-7
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-4642(20)30040-7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical evidence does not support corticosteroid treatment for 2019-nCoV lung injury
AU  - Russell, Clark D.
AU  - Millar, Jonathan E.
AU  - Baillie, J. Kenneth
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30317-2
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30317-2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 2019-nCoV epidemic: address mental health care to empower society
AU  - Bao, Yanping
AU  - Sun, Yankun
AU  - Meng, Shiqiu
AU  - Shi, Jie
AU  - Lu, Lin
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30309-3
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30309-3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Evolving status of the 2019 novel coronavirus Infection: proposal of conventional serologic assays for disease diagnosis and infection monitoring [Commentary/Review]
AU  - Xiao, Shu-Yuan
AU  - Wu, Yingjie
AU  - Liu, Huan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract The novel coronavirus (nCoV-2019) outbreak in Wuhan, China has spread rapidly nationwide, with some cases occurring in other parts of the world. Although most patients present with mild febrile illness with patchy pulmonary inflammation, a significant portion develop severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), with a current case fatality of 2.3-3%. Diagnosis is based on clinical history and laboratory and chest radiographic findings, but confirmation currently relies on nucleic acid-based assays. The latter are playing an important role in facilitating patient isolation, treatment and assessment of infectious activities. However, due to their limited capacity to handle an epidemic of the current scale and insufficient supply of assay kits, only a portion of suspected cases can be tested, leading to incompleteness and inaccuracy in updating new cases, as well as delayed diagnosis. Furthermore, there has not been enough time to assess specificity and sensitivity. Conventional serological assays, such as enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) for specific IgM and IgG antibodies, should offer a high-throughput alternative, which allows for uniform tests for all suspected patients, and can facilitate more complete identification of infected cases and avoidance of unnecessary cross infection among unselected patients. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25702
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25702
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Outbreak Cases with the Novel Coronavirus Suggest Upgraded Quarantine and Isolation in Korea
AU  - Yoo, Jin Hong
AU  - Hong, Sung Tae
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Korean Med Sci
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 35
IS  - 5
PG  - e62-e62
SP  - e62
EP  - e62
AN  - 32030926
DO  - 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e62
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32030926
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The First Case of 2019 Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Imported into Korea from Wuhan, China: Implication for Infection Prevention and Control Measures
AU  - Kim, Jin Yong
AU  - Choe, Pyoeng Gyun
AU  - Oh, Yoonju
AU  - Oh, Kyung Joong
AU  - Kim, Jinsil
AU  - Park, So Jeong
AU  - Park, Ji Hye
AU  - Na, Hye Kyoung
AU  - Oh, Myoung Don
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, a viral pneumonia outbreak caused by a novel betacoronavirus, the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), began in Wuhan, China. We report the epidemiological and clinical features of the first patient with 2019-nCoV pneumonia imported into Korea from Wuhan. This report suggests that in the early phase of 2019-nCoV pneumonia, chest radiography would miss patients with pneumonia and highlights taking travel history is of paramount importance for early detection and isolation of 2019-nCoV cases.
JO  - J Korean Med Sci
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 35
IS  - 5
PG  - e61-e61
SP  - e61
EP  - e61
AN  - 32030925
DO  - 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e61
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32030925
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Estimation of the Transmission Risk of the 2019-nCoV and Its Implication for Public Health Interventions
AU  - Tang, Biao
AU  - Wang, Xia
AU  - Li, Qian
AU  - Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi
AU  - Tang, Sanyi
AU  - Xiao, Yanni
AU  - Wu, Jianhong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since the emergence of the first cases in Wuhan, China, the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection has been quickly spreading out to other provinces and neighboring countries. Estimation of the basic reproduction number by means of mathematical modeling can be helpful for determining the potential and severity of an outbreak and providing critical information for identifying the type of disease interventions and intensity. A deterministic compartmental model was devised based on the clinical progression of the disease, epidemiological status of the individuals, and intervention measures. The estimations based on likelihood and model analysis show that the control reproduction number may be as high as 6.47 (95% CI 5.71–7.23). Sensitivity analyses show that interventions, such as intensive contact tracing followed by quarantine and isolation, can effectively reduce the control reproduction number and transmission risk, with the effect of travel restriction adopted by Wuhan on 2019-nCoV infection in Beijing being almost equivalent to increasing quarantine by a 100 thousand baseline value. It is essential to assess how the expensive, resource-intensive measures implemented by the Chinese authorities can contribute to the prevention and control of the 2019-nCoV infection, and how long they should be maintained. Under the most restrictive measures, the outbreak is expected to peak within two weeks (since 23 January 2020) with a significant low peak value. With travel restriction (no imported exposed individuals to Beijing), the number of infected individuals in seven days will decrease by 91.14% in Beijing, compared with the scenario of no travel restriction.
JO  - Journal of Clinical Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 2
PG  - 462
SP  - 462
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/jcm9020462
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/9/2/462
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Rate of Underascertainment of Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Infection: Estimation Using Japanese Passengers Data on Evacuation Flights
AU  - Nishiura, Hiroshi
AU  - Kobayashi, Tetsuro
AU  - Yang, Yichi
AU  - Hayashi, Katsuma
AU  - Miyama, Takeshi
AU  - Kinoshita, Ryo
AU  - Linton, Natalie M.
AU  - Jung, Sung-Mok
AU  - Yuan, Baoyin
AU  - Suzuki, Ayako
AU  - Akhmetzhanov, Andrei R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - From 29 to 31 January 2020, a total of 565 Japanese citizens were evacuated from Wuhan, China on three chartered flights. All passengers were screened upon arrival in Japan for symptoms consistent with novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection and tested for presence of the virus. Assuming that the mean detection window of the virus can be informed by the mean serial interval (estimated at 7.5 days), the ascertainment rate of infection was estimated at 9.2% (95% confidence interval: 5.0, 20.0). This indicates that the incidence of infection in Wuhan can be estimated at 20,767 infected individuals, including those with asymptomatic and mildly symptomatic infections. The infection fatality risk (IFR)-the actual risk of death among all infected individuals-is therefore 0.3% to 0.6%, which may be comparable to Asian influenza pandemic of 1957-1958.
JO  - J Clin Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 2
PG  - E419
SP  - E419
EP  - 
AN  - 32033064
DO  - 10.3390/jcm9020419
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32033064
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China
AU  - Wang, Dawei
AU  - Hu, Bo
AU  - Hu, Chang
AU  - Zhu, Fangfang
AU  - Liu, Xing
AU  - Zhang, Jing
AU  - Wang, Binbin
AU  - Xiang, Hui
AU  - Cheng, Zhenshun
AU  - Xiong, Yong
AU  - Zhao, Yan
AU  - Li, Yirong
AU  - Wang, Xinghuan
AU  - Peng, Zhiyong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - IMPORTANCE: In December 2019, novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)-infected pneumonia (NCIP) occurred in Wuhan, China. The number of cases has increased rapidly but information on the clinical characteristics of affected patients is limited. OBJECTIVE: To describe the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of NCIP. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Retrospective, single-center case series of the 138 consecutive hospitalized patients with confirmed NCIP at Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University in Wuhan, China, from January 1 to January 28, 2020; final date of follow-up was February 3, 2020. EXPOSURES: Documented NCIP. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Epidemiological, demographic, clinical, laboratory, radiological, and treatment data were collected and analyzed. Outcomes of critically ill patients and noncritically ill patients were compared. Presumed hospital-related transmission was suspected if a cluster of health professionals or hospitalized patients in the same wards became infected and a possible source of infection could be tracked. RESULTS: Of 138 hospitalized patients with NCIP, the median age was 56 years (interquartile range, 42-68; range, 22-92 years) and 75 (54.3%) were men. Hospital-associated transmission was suspected as the presumed mechanism of infection for affected health professionals (40 [29%]) and hospitalized patients (17 [12.3%]). Common symptoms included fever (136 [98.6%]), fatigue (96 [69.6%]), and dry cough (82 [59.4%]). Lymphopenia (lymphocyte count, 0.8 × 109/L [interquartile range {IQR}, 0.6-1.1]) occurred in 97 patients (70.3%), prolonged prothrombin time (13.0 seconds [IQR, 12.3-13.7]) in 80 patients (58%), and elevated lactate dehydrogenase (261 U/L [IQR, 182-403]) in 55 patients (39.9%). Chest computed tomographic scans showed bilateral patchy shadows or ground glass opacity in the lungs of all patients. Most patients received antiviral therapy (oseltamivir, 124 [89.9%]), and many received antibacterial therapy (moxifloxacin, 89 [64.4%]; ceftriaxone, 34 [24.6%]; azithromycin, 25 [18.1%]) and glucocorticoid therapy (62 [44.9%]). Thirty-six patients (26.1%) were transferred to the intensive care unit (ICU) because of complications, including acute respiratory distress syndrome (22 [61.1%]), arrhythmia (16 [44.4%]), and shock (11 [30.6%]). The median time from first symptom to dyspnea was 5.0 days, to hospital admission was 7.0 days, and to ARDS was 8.0 days. Patients treated in the ICU (n = 36), compared with patients not treated in the ICU (n = 102), were older (median age, 66 years vs 51 years), were more likely to have underlying comorbidities (26 [72.2%] vs 38 [37.3%]), and were more likely to have dyspnea (23 [63.9%] vs 20 [19.6%]), and anorexia (24 [66.7%] vs 31 [30.4%]). Of the 36 cases in the ICU, 4 (11.1%) received high-flow oxygen therapy, 15 (41.7%) received noninvasive ventilation, and 17 (47.2%) received invasive ventilation (4 were switched to extracorporeal membrane oxygenation). As of February 3, 47 patients (34.1%) were discharged and 6 died (overall mortality, 4.3%), but the remaining patients are still hospitalized. Among those discharged alive (n = 47), the median hospital stay was 10 days (IQR, 7.0-14.0). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this single-center case series of 138 hospitalized patients with confirmed NCIP in Wuhan, China, presumed hospital-related transmission of 2019-nCoV was suspected in 41% of patients, 26% of patients received ICU care, and mortality was 4.3%.
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1001/jama.2020.1585
SP  - 10.1001/jama.2020.1585
EP  - 
AN  - 32031570
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.1585
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32031570
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemiologic and Clinical Characteristics of Novel Coronavirus Infections Involving 13 Patients Outside Wuhan, China
AU  - Chang, De
AU  - Lin, Minggui
AU  - Wei, Lai
AU  - Xie, Lixin
AU  - Zhu, Guangfa
AU  - Dela Cruz, Charles S.
AU  - Sharma, Lokesh
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1001/jama.2020.1623
SP  - 10.1001/jama.2020.1623
EP  - 
AN  - 32031568
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.1623
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32031568
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Strengthening ICU health security for a coronavirus epidemic
AU  - Jansson, Miia
AU  - Liao, Xuelian
AU  - Rello, Jordi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Intensive and Critical Care Nursing
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 102812
SP  - 102812
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iccn.2020.102812
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S096433972030015X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Racing towards the development of diagnostics for a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)
AU  - Dennis Lo, Y. M.
AU  - Chiu, Rossa W. K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clin Chem
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - hvaa038
SP  - hvaa038
EP  - 
AN  - 32031590
DO  - 10.1093/clinchem/hvaa038
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32031590
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Molecular Diagnosis of a Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Causing an Outbreak of Pneumonia
AU  - Chu, Daniel K. W.
AU  - Pan, Yang
AU  - Cheng, Samuel M. S.
AU  - Hui, Kenrie P. Y.
AU  - Krishnan, Pavithra
AU  - Liu, Yingzhi
AU  - Ng, Daisy Y. M.
AU  - Wan, Carrie K. C.
AU  - Yang, Peng
AU  - Wang, Quanyi
AU  - Peiris, Malik
AU  - Poon, Leo L. M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: A novel coronavirus of zoonotic origin (2019-nCoV) has recently been identified in patients with acute respiratory disease. This virus is genetically similar to SARS coronavirus and bat SARS-like coronaviruses. The outbreak was initially detected in Wuhan, a major city of China, but has subsequently been detected in other provinces of China. Travel-associated cases have also been reported in a few other countries. Outbreaks in health care workers indicate human-to-human transmission. Molecular tests for rapid detection of this virus are urgently needed for early identification of infected patients. METHODS: We developed two 1-step quantitative real-time reverse-transcription PCR assays to detect two different regions (ORF1b and N) of the viral genome. The primer and probe sets were designed to react with this novel coronavirus and its closely related viruses, such as SARS coronavirus. These assays were evaluated using a panel of positive and negative controls. In addition, respiratory specimens from two 2019-nCoV-infected patients were tested. RESULTS: Using RNA extracted from cells infected by SARS coronavirus as a positive control, these assays were shown to have a dynamic range of at least seven orders of magnitude (2x10-4-2000 TCID50/reaction). Using DNA plasmids as positive standards, the detection limits of these assays were found to be below 10 copies per reaction. All negative control samples were negative in the assays. Samples from two 2019-nCoV-infected patients were positive in the tests. CONCLUSIONS: The established assays can achieve a rapid detection of 2019n-CoV in human samples, thereby allowing early identification of patients.
JO  - Clin Chem
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - hvaa029
SP  - hvaa029
EP  - 
AN  - 32031583
DO  - 10.1093/clinchem/hvaa029
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32031583
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Genome Composition and Divergence of the Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Originating in China
AU  - Wu, Aiping
AU  - Peng, Yousong
AU  - Huang, Baoying
AU  - Ding, Xiao
AU  - Wang, Xianyue
AU  - Niu, Peihua
AU  - Meng, Jing
AU  - Zhu, Zhaozhong
AU  - Zhang, Zheng
AU  - Wang, Jiangyuan
AU  - Sheng, Jie
AU  - Quan, Lijun
AU  - Xia, Zanxian
AU  - Tan, Wenjie
AU  - Cheng, Genhong
AU  - Jiang, Taijiao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - An in-depth annotation of the newly discovered coronavirus (2019-nCoV) genome has revealed differences between 2019-nCoV and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) or SARS-like coronaviruses. A systematic comparison identified 380 amino acid substitutions between these coronaviruses, which may have caused functional and pathogenic divergence of 2019-nCoV.
JO  - Cell Host & Microbe
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2020.02.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S193131282030072X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - In Beijing, coronavirus 2019-nCoV has created a siege mentality
AU  - Mowbray, Heather
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m516-m516
SP  - m516
EP  - m516
AN  - 32033967
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m516
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32033967
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical characteristics and therapeutic procedure for four cases with 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia receiving combined Chinese and Western medicine treatment
AU  - Wang, Zhenwei
AU  - Chen, Xiaorong
AU  - Lu, Yunfei
AU  - Chen, Feifei
AU  - Zhang, Wei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BioScience Trends
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - advpub
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.5582/bst.2020.01030
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Fighting the novel coronavirus: the publication of the Chinese expert consensus on the perinatal and neonatal management for the prevention and control of the 2019 novel coronavirus infection (First edition)
AU  - Editorial, Office
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Ann Palliat Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - apm.2020.02.02
SP  - apm.2020.02.02
EP  - 
AN  - 32028773
DO  - 10.21037/apm.2020.02.02
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32028773
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Scientists are racing to model the next moves of a coronavirus that's still hard to predict | Science | AAAS
AU  - Cohen, Jon
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Beyond China itself, Thailand is the country that most likely will have people who arrive at one of its airports with an infection by the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) that has sickened more than 30,000 people. So says the latest update of a global risk assessment model created by a team of researchers from the Humboldt University of Berlin and the Robert Koch Institute that relies on air travel data.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/02/scientists-are-racing-model-next-moves-coronavirus-thats-still-hard-predict
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - ADVS
TI  - The 2019 Novel Coronavirus Outbreak – Update From NIAID’s Anthony Fauci, MD
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In February 2020 the nature of the 2019-nCoV outbreak is still slowly coming into focus but it appears to be acting more like bad pandemic influenza (efficient spread, overall lower mortality) than like SARS (less efficient spread, overall higher mortality). Dr. Anthony Fauci of the US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) discusses the latest developments with JAMA Editor Howard Bauchner.Coronavirus Resource Center
JO  - 
PB  - JAMA Network
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://edhub.ama-assn.org/jn-learning/audio-player/18217492
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Suggestions for disinfection of ophthalmic examination equipment and protection of ophthalmologist against 2019 novel coronavirus infection
AU  - Zhang, M. C.
AU  - Xie, H. T.
AU  - Xu, K. K.
AU  - Cao, Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - At present, the prevention and treatment of 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in China has reached a critical stage. It is extremely important to disinfect ophthalmic examination instruments and protect ophthalmic medical care during the epidemic period to reduce cross-infection in clinical practice and reduce the infection risk of ophthalmic medical staff. (Chin J Ophthalmol, 2020, 56: 0001).
JO  - Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 56
IS  - 0
PG  - E001-E001
SP  - E001
EP  - E001
AN  - 32035428
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0412-4081.2020.0001
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32035428
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recommendations for the diagnosis, prevention and control of the 2019 novel coronavirus infection in children (first interim edition)
AU  - Society of Pediatrics, Chinese Medical Association
AU  - Editorial Board, Chinese Journal of Pediatrics
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 58
IS  - 0
PG  - E004-E004
SP  - E004
EP  - E004
AN  - 32035429
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1310.2020.0004
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32035429
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus latest: deaths in China surpass SARS toll
AU  - Nature
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Updates on the respiratory illness that has infected tens of thousands of people. Updates on the respiratory illness that has infected tens of thousands of people. Here’s the latest news on the outbreak. 10 February 04:30 GMT — Deaths in China surpass toll from SARS More than 900 people in China have died from the new virus, a greater number than those who died from severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in the 2002–03 epidemic. That outbreak, which also originated in China, killed 774 people worldwide. The number of people in the country infected with the new coronavirus has risen to 40,171, according to the latest update from China‘s National Health Commission.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:10.1038/d41586-020-00154-w
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00154-w
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Emerging novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) - Current scenario, evolutionary perspective based on genome analysis and recent developments
AU  - Malik, Yashpal Singh
AU  - Sircar, Shubhankar
AU  - Bhat, Sudipta
AU  - Sharun, Khan
AU  - Dhama, Kuldeep
AU  - Dadar, Maryam
AU  - Tiwari, Ruchi
AU  - Chaicumpa, Wanpen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronaviruses are the well-known cause of severe respiratory, enteric and systemic infections in a wide range of hosts including man, mammals, fish, and avian. The scientific interest on coronaviruses increased after the emergence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) outbreaks in 2002-2003 followed by Middle East Respiratory Syndrome CoV (MERS-CoV). This decade’s first CoV, named 2019-nCoV, emerged from Wuhan, China, and declared as “Public Health Emergency of International Concern” on January 30th, 2020 by the World Health Organization (WHO). As on February 4, 2020, 425 deaths reported in China only and one death outside China (Philippines). In a short span of time, the virus spread has been noted in 24 countries. The zoonotic transmission (animal-to-human) is suspected as the route of disease origin. The genetic analyses predict bats as the most probable source of 2019-nCoV though further investigations needed to confirm the origin of the novel virus. The ongoing nCoV outbreak highlights the hidden wild animal reservoir of the deadly viruses and possible threat of spillover zoonoses as well. The successful virus isolation attempts have made doors open for developing better diagnostics and effective vaccines helping in combating the spread of the virus to newer areas.
JO  - Veterinary Quarterly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-12
SP  - 1
EP  - 12
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/01652176.2020.1727993
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/01652176.2020.1727993
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemiologic characteristics of early cases with 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) disease in Republic of Korea
AU  - Ki, Moran
AU  - nCoV, Task Force For
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since the first case of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in South Korea was confirmed on January 20, 2020, there have been 24 confirmed cases of 2019-nCoV. The majority of these cases (58.3%; n=14) were male, with a median age of 42 years (range, 21-62 years). Of the confirmed cases, 15 were index cases (63%), six were first-generation patients (24%), and three were second-generation patients (12.5%). All the first- and second-generation patients were family members or close acquaintances of index cases. All the index cases entered the South Korea from January 19 to 24, 2020. The average incubation period was 3.6 days (median, 4 days) and the reproduction number (R0) was calculated as 0.5. Two of the confirmed cases were asymptomatic. As of February 8, 22 patients with 2019-nCoV are hospitalized in South Korea, and 2 have been discharged from the hospital. The epidemiological indicators will be revised as new information becomes available in the future. Sharing epidemiological information among researchers around the world is essential for efficient preparations and responses to new infectious diseases.
JO  - Epidemiol Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - e2020007-e2020007
SP  - e2020007
EP  - e2020007
AN  - 32035431
DO  - 10.4178/epih.e2020007
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32035431
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recommendations on extracorporeal life support for critically ill patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - Chinese Society of Extracorporeal Life, Support
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Along with the sharp increase of confirmed cases novel coronavirus infection, more critically ill cases require extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support. Based on the clinical data of novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP), as well as the dada from previous clinical studies and the recommendations from the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (ELSO), the committee board of the Chinese Society of Extracorporeal Life Support (CSECLS) made this recommendations to guide clinical ECMO application in the patients with NCP.
JO  - Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 0
PG  - E009-E009
SP  - E009
EP  - E009
AN  - 32035430
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2020.0009
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32035430
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - New coronavirus: new challenges for pediatricians
AU  - Chen, Zhi-Min
AU  - Fu, Jun-Fen
AU  - Shu, Qiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Children comprise a special population whose immune response system is distinct from adults. Therefore, pediatric patients infected with 2019-nCoV have their own clinical features and therapeutic responses. Herein, we formulate this recommendation for diagnosis and treatment of 2019-nCoV infection in children which is of paramount importance for clinical practiceSN - 1867-0687
JO  - World Journal of Pediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12519-020-00346-4
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12519-020-00346-4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Fusion mechanism of 2019-nCoV and fusion inhibitors targeting HR1 domain in spike protein
AU  - Xia, Shuai
AU  - Zhu, Yun
AU  - Liu, Meiqin
AU  - Lan, Qiaoshuai
AU  - Xu, Wei
AU  - Wu, Yanling
AU  - Ying, Tianlei
AU  - Liu, Shuwen
AU  - Shi, Zhengli
AU  - Jiang, Shibo
AU  - Lu, Lu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Cellular & Molecular Immunology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41423-020-0374-2
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41423-020-0374-2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Potential Maternal and Infant Outcomes from (Wuhan) Coronavirus 2019-nCoV Infecting Pregnant Women: Lessons from SARS, MERS, and Other Human Coronavirus Infections
AU  - Schwartz, David A.
AU  - Graham, Ashley L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In early December 2019 a cluster of cases of pneumonia of unknown cause was identified in Wuhan, a city of 11 million persons in the People&rsquo;s Republic of China. Further investigation revealed these cases to result from infection with a newly identified coronavirus, termed the 2019-nCoV. The infection moved rapidly through China, spread to Thailand and Japan, extended into adjacent countries through infected persons travelling by air, eventually reaching multiple countries and continents. Similar to such other coronaviruses as those causing the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), the new coronavirus was reported to spread via natural aerosols from human-to-human. In the early stages of this epidemic the case fatality rate is estimated to be approximately 2%, with the majority of deaths occurring in special populations. Unfortunately, there is limited experience with coronavirus infections during pregnancy, and it now appears certain that pregnant women have become infected during the present 2019-nCoV epidemic. In order to assess the potential of the Wuhan 2019-nCoV to cause maternal, fetal and neonatal morbidity and other poor obstetrical outcomes, this communication reviews the published data addressing the epidemiological and clinical effects of SARS, MERS, and other coronavirus infections on pregnant women and their infants. Recommendations are also made for the consideration of pregnant women in the design, clinical trials, and implementation of future 2019-nCoV vaccines.
JO  - Viruses
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 12
IS  - 2
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/v12020194
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus: global stocks of protective gear are depleted, with demand at “100 times” normal level, WHO warns
AU  - Mahase, Elisabeth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The demand for personal protective equipment such as masks and respirators is 100 times the normal level, and costs have skyrocketed to around 20 times their usual price, the World Health Organization has reported. WHO warned of “severe disruption” in the market for personal protective equipment and said that worldwide stocks were “now insufficient” to meet demand. The warning came from WHO’s director general, Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, during his opening remarks at a briefing on 2019-nCoV on 7 February. He said that the situation had been “exacerbated by widespread, inappropriate use of personal protective equipment outside patient care.” This has led to “depleted stockpiles and backlogs of four to six months.” Last week The BMJ reported that GPs in Australia were finding it difficult to get the protective masks they needed because of shortages The demand for personal protective equipment such as masks and respirators is 100 times the normal level, and costs have skyrocketed to around 20 times their usual price, the World Health Organization has reported.WHO warned of “severe disruption” in the market for personal protective equipment and said that worldwide stocks were “now insufficient” to meet demand. The warning came from …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m543
SP  - m543
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m543
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/content/368/bmj.m543.abstract
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus: NHS staff get power to keep patients in isolation as UK declares “serious threat”
AU  - Mahase, Elisabeth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The UK government has declared that the incidence or transmission of the novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV constitutes a serious and imminent threat to public health. The announcement means that England’s health secretary, Matt Hancock, can enact regulations to ensure that the public is “protected as far as possible from the transmission of the virus.” This includes designating Arrowe Park Hospital, Merseyside, and the Kents Hill Park hotel and conference centre, Milton Keynes, as isolation facilities. It also means that NHS staff members have “strengthened powers” to keep patients in isolation if public health professionals believe there to be a “reasonable risk an individual may have the virus.” As at 10 February eight people in the UK had tested positive for 2019-nCoV. Globally, the virus has spread to 28 countries, with more than 40 000 cases and 900 deaths. The UK government has declared that the incidence or transmission of the novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV constitutes a serious and imminent threat to public health.The announcement means that England’s health secretary, Matt Hancock, can enact regulations to ensure that the public is “protected as far as possible from the transmission of the virus.” This includes designating Arrowe Park Hospital, Merseyside, and the Kents Hill Park hotel and conference centre, Milton Keynes, as isolation facilities.It also means that NHS staff members have “strengthened powers” to keep patients in isolation if public health professionals believe there to be a “reasonable risk an individual may have the virus.”As at 10 February eight people in the UK had tested positive for 2019-nCoV. Globally, the virus has spread to 28 countries, with more than 40 000 cases …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m550
SP  - m550
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m550
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/content/368/bmj.m550.abstract
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Wuhan novel coronavirus 2019nCoV
AU  - MacIntyre, C Raina
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Information about the open-access article 'Wuhan novel coronavirus 2019nCoV' in DOAJ. DOAJ is an online directory that indexes and provides access to quality open access, peer-reviewed journals.
JO  - Global Biosecurity
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 1
IS  - 3
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.31646/gbio.50
UR  - https://doaj.org/article/a99f43b3b3914d86b161edd647741341
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Therapeutic options for the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)
AU  - Li, Guangdi
AU  - Clercq, Erik De
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Therapeutic options in response to the 2019-nCoV outbreak are urgently needed. Here, we discuss the potential for repurposing existing antiviral agents to treat 2019-nCoV, some of which are already moving into clinical trials. Therapeutic options in response to the 2019-nCoV outbreak are urgently needed. Here, we discuss the potential for repurposing existing antiviral agents to treat 2019-nCoV, some of which are already moving into clinical trials.
JO  - Nature Reviews Drug Discovery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:10.1038/d41573-020-00016-0
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41573-020-00016-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mission impossible? WHO director fights to prevent a pandemic without offending China | Science | AAAS
AU  - Kupferschmidt, Kai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - New outbreak comes as Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus struggles to raise more money, thwart Ebola, and fight health misinformation
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/02/mission-impossible-who-director-fights-prevent-pandemic-without-offending-china
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Ten hot issues of breast cancer under the novel coronavirus
AU  - Jiang, Z. F.
AU  - Li, J. B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 100
IS  - 0
PG  - E002-E002
SP  - E002
EP  - E002
AN  - 32036640
DO  - 10.0376/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2020.0002
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32036640
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The spike glycoprotein of the new coronavirus 2019-nCoV contains a furin-like cleavage site absent in CoV of the same clade
AU  - Coutard, B.
AU  - Valle, C.
AU  - de Lamballerie, X.
AU  - Canard, B.
AU  - Seidah, N. G.
AU  - Decroly, E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In 2019, a new coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infecting Humans has emerged in Wuhan, China. Its genome has been sequenced and the genomic information promptly released. Despite a high similarity with the genome sequence of SARS-CoV and SARS-like CoVs, we identified a peculiar furin-like cleavage site in the Spike protein of the 2019-nCoV, lacking in the other SARS-like CoVs. In this article, we discuss the possible functional consequences of this cleavage site in the viral cycle, pathogenicity and its potential implication in the development of antivirals.
JO  - Antiviral Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 104742
SP  - 104742
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.antiviral.2020.104742
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166354220300528
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The first 2019 novel coronavirus case in Nepal
AU  - Bastola, Anup
AU  - Sah, Ranjit
AU  - Rodriguez-Morales, Alfonso J.
AU  - Lal, Bibek Kumar
AU  - Jha, Runa
AU  - Ojha, Hemant Chanda
AU  - Shrestha, Bikesh
AU  - Chu, Daniel K. W.
AU  - Poon, Leo L. M.
AU  - Costello, Anthony
AU  - Morita, Kouichi
AU  - Pandey, Basu Dev
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30067-0
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1473309920300670
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronaphobia: Fear and the 2019-nCoV Outbreak
AU  - Asmundson, Gordon J. G.
AU  - Taylor, Steven
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Anxiety Disorders
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 102196
SP  - 102196
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2020.102196
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0887618520300104
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Persons Evaluated for 2019 Novel Coronavirus — United States, January 2020 | MMWR
AU  - Kristina L. Bajema, MD1, 2
AU  - Alexandra M. Oster, MD3
AU  - Olivia L. McGovern, PhD1, 2
AU  - Stephen Lindstrom, PhD4
AU  - Mark R. Stenger, MA5
AU  - Tara C. Anderson, DVM, PhD6
AU  - Cheryl Isenhour, DVM2
AU  - Kevin R. Clarke, MD7
AU  - Mary E. Evans, MD8
AU  - Victoria T. Chu, MD1, 4
AU  - Holly M. Biggs, MD4
AU  - Hannah L. Kirking, MD4
AU  - Susan I. Gerber, MD4
AU  - Aron J. Hall, DVM4
AU  - Alicia M. Fry, MD9
AU  - Sara E. Oliver, MD2
AU  - Team, -nCoV Persons Under Investigation
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Health care providers should remain vigilant about possible 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) exposures not only among returning travelers from China, but also among those in close contact with persons with 2019-nCoV in the United States.
JO  - MMWR
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/mm6906e1.htm?s_cid=mm6906e1_w#suggestedcitation © 2020 Clarivate Analytics
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Rapid outbreak response requires trust
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature Microbiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 5
IS  - 2
PG  - 227-228
SP  - 227
EP  - 228
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41564-020-0670-8
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2004119178 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41564-020-0670-8
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preparation for Possible Sustained Transmission of 2019 Novel Coronavirus: Lessons From Previous Epidemics
AU  - Swerdlow, David L.
AU  - Finelli, Lyn
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1001/jama.2020.1960
SP  - 10.1001/jama.2020.1960
EP  - 
AN  - 32044915
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.1960
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32044915
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Old Weapon for New Enemy: Drug Repurposing for Treatment of Newly Emerging Viral Diseases
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In a very recent work by a research team led by Drs. Gengfu Xiao, Wu Zhong and Zhihong Hu, the antiviral efficiency of the FDA-approved drugs including ribavirin, penciclovir, nitazoxanide, nafamostat, chloroquine (CQ) and two well-known broad-spectrum antiviral drugs remdesivir (RDV, GS-5734) and favipiravir (T-705) were evaluated against a clinical isolate of 2019-nCoV in a cell culture infection model (Wang et al.2020). The authors found that two compounds CQ (EC50 value?=?1.13 µmol/L; CC50?>?100 µmol/L, SI?>?88.50) and RDV (EC50?=?0.77 µmol/L; CC50?>?100 µmol/L; SI?>?129.87) potently blocked virus infection at low-micromolar concentration and showed high selectivity index (SI). From the in vitro results, these two compounds appear promising to be transformed into clinical drugs for treatment of 2019-nCoV infections.AU - Guo, Deyin
JO  - Virologica Sinica
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12250-020-00204-7
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12250-020-00204-7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Labs scramble to spot hidden coronavirus infections
AU  - Jon Cohen, et al.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The seeming precision of the global tallies of cases and deaths caused by the novel coronavirus now spreading from Wuhan, China belies an alarming fact. ... (A study group of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses christened the novel virus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, or SARS-CoV-2, the same day). But many news stories have reported shortages of diagnostics in Hubei.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb2651
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/02/labs-scramble-spot-hidden-coronavirus-infections
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Laboratory readiness and response for novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in expert laboratories in 30 EU/EEA countries, January 2020
AU  - Reusken, Chantal B.E.M.
AU  - Broberg, Eeva K.
AU  - Haagmans, Bart
AU  - Meijer, Adam
AU  - Corman, Victor M.
AU  - Papa, Anna
AU  - Charrel, Remi
AU  - Drosten, Christian
AU  - Koopmans, Marion
AU  - Leitmeyer, Katrin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Timely detection of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection cases is crucial to interrupt the spread of this virus. We assessed the required expertise and capacity for molecular detection of 2019-nCoV in specialised laboratories in 30 European Union/European Economic Area (EU/EEA) countries. Thirty-eight laboratories in 24 EU/EEA countries had diagnostic tests available by 29 January 2020. A coverage of all EU/EEA countries was expected by mid-February. Availability of primers/probes, positive controls and personnel were main implementation barriers.
JO  - Eurosurveillance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.6.2000082
UR  - https://www.eurosurveillance.org/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.6.2000082
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - An interim review of the epidemiological characteristics of 2019 novel coronavirus
AU  - Ryu, Sukhyun
AU  - Chun, Byung Chul
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVES: The 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) from Wuhan, China is currently recognized as a public health emergency of global concern. METHODS: We reviewed the currently available literature to provide up-to-date guidance on control measures to be implemented by public health authorities. RESULTS: Some of the epidemiological characteristics of 2019-nCoV have been identified. However, there remain considerable uncertainties, which should be considered when providing guidance to public health authorities on control measures. CONCLUSIONS: Additional studies incorporating more detailed information from confirmed cases would be valuable.
JO  - Epidemiol Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 42
IS  - 0
PG  - e2020006-0
SP  - e2020006
EP  - 0
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4178/epih.e2020006
UR  - https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2020006 http://www.e-epih.org/journal/view.php?number=1073
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Initial Cluster of Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Infections in Wuhan, China Is Consistent with Substantial Human-to-Human Transmission Novel Coronavirus Outbreak in Wuhan, China, 2020: Intense Surveillance Is Vital for Preventing Sustained Transmission in New Locations
AU  - Nishiura, Hiroshi
AU  - Linton, Natalie M.
AU  - Akhmetzhanov, Andrei R.
AU  - Thompson, Robin N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Reanalysis of the epidemic curve from the initial cluster of cases with novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in December 2019 indicates substantial human-to-human transmission. It is possible that the common exposure history at a seafood market in Wuhan originated from the human-to-human transmission events within the market, and the early, strong emphasis that market exposure indicated animal-to-human transmission was potentially the result of observer bias. To support the hypothesis of zoonotic origin of 2019-nCoV stemming from the Huanan seafood market, the index case should have had exposure history related to the market and the virus should have been identified from animals sold at the market. As these requirements remain unmet, zoonotic spillover at the market must not be overemphasized. The outbreak of pneumonia originating in Wuhan, China, has generated 24,500 confirmed cases, including 492 deaths, as of 5 February 2020. The virus (2019-nCoV) has spread elsewhere in China and to 24 countries, including South Korea, Thailand, Japan and USA. Fortunately, there has only been limited human-to-human transmission outside of China. Here, we assess the risk of sustained transmission whenever the coronavirus arrives in other countries. Data describing the times from symptom onset to hospitalisation for 47 patients infected early in the current outbreak are used to generate an estimate for the probability that an imported case is followed by sustained human-to-human transmission. Under the assumptions that the imported case is representative of the patients in China, and that the 2019-nCoV is similarly transmissible to the SARS coronavirus, the probability that an imported case is followed by sustained human-to-human transmission is 0.41 (credible interval [0.27, 0.55]). However, if the mean time from symptom onset to hospitalisation can be halved by intense surveillance, then the probability that an imported case leads to sustained transmission is only 0.012 (credible interval [0, 0.099]). This emphasises the importance of current surveillance efforts in countries around the world, to ensure that the ongoing outbreak will not become a global pandemic.
JO  - Journal of Clinical Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 2
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/jcm9020488 10.3390/jcm9020498ER -
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Incubation period of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infections among travellers from Wuhan, China, 20–28 January 2020
AU  - Backer, Jantien A
AU  - Klinkenberg, Don
AU  - Wallinga, Jacco
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In January 2020, an increasing number of cases confirmed to be infected with 2019-nCoV were detected outside Wuhan. For 88 cases detected between 20 and 28 January, the travel history (to and) from Wuhan is known, as well as their symptom onset date. Their ages range from 2 to 72 years of age (information missing for four cases); 31 were female and 57 were male. During this initial stage of the epidemic, it is most likely that these travellers were infected in Wuhan. Consequently, their time spent in Wuhan can be taken as the duration of exposure to infection. Of these 88 cases with known travel history, 63 were Wuhan residents who travelled elsewhere and 25 were visitors who stayed in Wuhan for a limited time. By taking the date of symptom onset and travel history together, we inferred the possible incubation period for each of these cases. The data used for this analysis has been translated from Chinese sources such as provincial centres of disease control, and made publicly available [8]. We took the data as available on 29 January 2020 (Supplementary Material S1).
JO  - Eurosurveillance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 25
IS  - 5
PG  - 2000062
SP  - 2000062
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.5.2000062
UR  - https://www.eurosurveillance.org/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.5.2000062
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemiological research priorities for public health control of the ongoing global novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak
AU  - Cowling, Benjamin J
AU  - Leung, Gabriel M
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - Infections with 2019-nCoV can spread from person to person, and in the earliest phase of the outbreak the basic reproductive number was estimated to be around 2.2, assuming a mean serial interval of 7.5 days [2]. The serial interval was not precisely estimated, and a potentially shorter mean serial interval would have corresponded to a slightly lower basic reproductive number. Control measures and changes in population behaviour later in January should have reduced the effective reproductive number. However, it is too early to estimate whether the effective reproductive number has been reduced to below the critical threshold of 1 because cases currently being detected and reported would have mostly been infected in mid- to late-January. Average delays between infection and illness onset have been estimated at around 5–6 days, with an upper limit of around 11-14 days [2,5], and delays from illness onset to laboratory confirmation added a further 10 days on average [2].
JO  - Eurosurveillance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.eurosurveillance.org/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.6.2000110It is now 6 weeks since Chinese health authorities announced the discovery of a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) [1] causing a cluster of pneumonia cases in Wuhan, the major trans
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Effectiveness of airport screening at detecting travellers infected with novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)
AU  - Quilty, Billy J
AU  - Clifford, Sam
AU  - group2, CMMID nCoV working
AU  - Flasche, Stefan
AU  - Eggo, Rosalind M
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We simulated 100 2019-nCoV infected travellers planning to board a flight who would pose a risk for seeding transmission in a new region. The duration of travel was considered as the flight time plus a small amount of additional travel time (ca 1 hour) for airport procedures. We assumed that infected individuals will develop symptoms, including fever, at the end of their incubation period (mean 5.2 days (Table)) [8] and progress to more severe symptoms after a few days, resulting in hospitalisation and isolation. We also took into account that individuals may have asymptomatic (subclinical) infection that would not be detected by thermal scanning or cause them to seek medical care, although these individuals may be infectious, and that infected travellers may exhibit severe symptoms during their travel and be hospitalised upon arrival without undergoing entry screening. We then estimated the proportion of infected travellers who would be detected by exit and entry screening, develop severe symptoms during travel, or go undetected, under varying assumptions of: (i) the duration of travel; (ii) the sensitivity of exit and entry screening; (iii) the proportion of asymptomatic infections; (iv) the incubation period and (v) the time from symptom onset to hospitalisation (Table).
JO  - Eurosurveillance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 25
IS  - 5
PG  - 2000080
SP  - 2000080
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.5.2000080
UR  - https://www.eurosurveillance.org/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.5.2000080
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Critical care management of adults with community-acquired severe respiratory viral infection
AU  - Arabi, Yaseen M.
AU  - Fowler, Robert
AU  - Hayden, Frederick G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - With the expanding use of molecular assays, viral pathogens are increasingly recognized among critically ill adult patients with community-acquired severe respiratory illness; studies have detected respiratory viral infections (RVIs) in 17–53% of such patients. In addition, novel pathogens including zoonotic coronaviruses like the agents causing Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019 nCoV) are still being identified. Patients with severe RVIs requiring ICU care present typically with hypoxemic respiratory failure. Oseltamivir is the most widely used neuraminidase inhibitor for treatment of influenza; data suggest that early use is associated with reduced mortality in critically ill patients with influenza. At present, there are no antiviral therapies of proven efficacy for other severe RVIs. Several adjunctive pharmacologic interventions have been studied for their immunomodulatory effects, including macrolides, corticosteroids, cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors, sirolimus, statins, anti-influenza immune plasma, and vitamin C, but none is recommended at present in severe RVIs. Evidence-based supportive care is the mainstay for management of severe respiratory viral infection. Non-invasive ventilation in patients with severe RVI causing acute hypoxemic respiratory failure and pneumonia is associated with a high likelihood of transition to invasive ventilation. Limited existing knowledge highlights the need for data regarding supportive care and adjunctive pharmacologic therapy that is specific for critically ill patients with severe RVI. There is a need for more pragmatic and efficient designs to test different therapeutics both individually and in combination.
JO  - Intensive Care Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00134-020-05943-5
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-020-05943-5
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus latest: WHO officially names disease COVID-19
AU  - Science
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The World Health Organization has officially named the disease caused by the coronavirus COVID-19. This will replace various monikers and hashtags given to the emerging illness over the past few weeks. Most recently, on 8 February, China’s National Health Commission decided to temporarily call the disease novel coronavirus pneumonia, or NCP. But because viruses continue to spread from animals to people, this coronavirus won’t be novel for long.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00154-w
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical characteristics of novel coronavirus cases in tertiary hospitals in Hubei Province
AU  - Kui, Liu
AU  - Fang, Yuan-Yuan
AU  - Deng, Yan
AU  - Liu, Wei
AU  - Wang, Mei-Fang
AU  - Ma, Jing-Ping
AU  - Xiao, Wei
AU  - Wang, Ying-Nan
AU  - Zhong, Min-Hua
AU  - Li, Cheng-Hong
AU  - Li, Guang-Cai
AU  - Liu, Hui-Guo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: A novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) causing an outbreak of pneumonia in Wuhan, Hubei province of China was isolated in January 2020. This study aims to investigate its epidemiologic history, and analyzed the clinical characteristics, treatment regimens, and prognosis of patients infected with 2019-nCoV during this outbreak. METHODS: Clinical data from 137 2019-nCoV-infected patients admitted to the respiratory departments of nine tertiary hospitals in Hubei province from December 30, 2019 to January 24, 2020 were collected, including general status, clinical manifestations, laboratory test results, imaging characteristics, and treatment regimens. RESULTS: None of the 137 patients (61 males, 76 females, aged 20-83 years, mean age 55 ± 16 years) had a definite history of exposure to Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market. Major initial symptoms included fever (112/137, 81.8%), coughing (66/137, 48.2%), and muscle pain or fatigue (44/137, 32.1%), with other, less typical initial symptoms observed at low frequency, including heart palpitations, diarrhea, and headache. Nearly 80% of the patients had normal or decreased white blood cell counts, and 72.3% (99/137) had lymphocytopenia. Lung involvement was present in all cases, with most chest computed tomography scans showing lesions in multiple lung lobes, some of which were dense; ground-glass opacity co-existed with consolidation shadows or cord-like shadows. Given the lack of effective drugs, treatment focused on symptomatic and respiratory support. Immunoglobulin G was delivered to some critically ill patients according to their condition. Systemic corticosteroid treatment did not show significant benefits. Notably, early respiratory support facilitated disease recovery and improved prognosis. The risk of death was primarily associated with age, underlying chronic diseases, and median interval from the appearance of initial symptoms to dyspnea. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of patients with 2019-nCoV coronavirus pneumonia present with fever as the first symptom, and most of them still showed typical manifestations of viral pneumonia on chest imaging. Middle-aged and elderly patients with underlying comorbidities are susceptible to respiratory failure and may have a poorer prognosis.
JO  - Chin Med J (Engl)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000744
SP  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000744
EP  - 
AN  - 32044814
DO  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000744
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32044814
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical and biochemical indexes from 2019-nCoV infected patients linked to viral loads and lung injury
AU  - Liu, Yingxia
AU  - Yang, Yang
AU  - Zhang, Cong
AU  - Huang, Fengming
AU  - Wang, Fuxiang
AU  - Yuan, Jing
AU  - Wang, Zhaoqin
AU  - Li, Jinxiu
AU  - Li, Jianming
AU  - Feng, Cheng
AU  - Zhang, Zheng
AU  - Wang, Lifei
AU  - Peng, Ling
AU  - Chen, Li
AU  - Qin, Yuhao
AU  - Zhao, Dandan
AU  - Tan, Shuguang
AU  - Yin, Lu
AU  - Xu, Jun
AU  - Zhou, Congzhao
AU  - Jiang, Chengyu
AU  - Liu, Lei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of the 2019-nCoV infection began in December 2019 in Wuhan, Hubei province, and rapidly spread to many provinces in China as well as other countries. Here we report the epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and radiological characteristics, as well as potential biomarkers for predicting disease severity in 2019-nCoV-infected patients in Shenzhen, China. All 12 cases of the 2019-nCoV-infected patients developed pneumonia and half of them developed acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The most common laboratory abnormalities were hypoalbuminemia, lymphopenia, decreased percentage of lymphocytes (LYM) and neutrophils (NEU), elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and decreased CD8 count. The viral load of 2019-nCoV detected from patient respiratory tracts was positively linked to lung disease severity. ALB, LYM, LYM (%), LDH, NEU (%), and CRP were highly correlated to the acute lung injury. Age, viral load, lung injury score, and blood biochemistry indexes, albumin (ALB), CRP, LDH, LYM (%), LYM, and NEU (%), may be predictors of disease severity. Moreover, the Angiotensin II level in the plasma sample from 2019-nCoV infected patients was markedly elevated and linearly associated to viral load and lung injury. Our results suggest a number of potential diagnosis biomarkers and angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) drugs for potential repurposing treatment of 2019-nCoV infection.
JO  - Science China Life Sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11427-020-1643-8
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11427-020-1643-8
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Brief review of coronavirus for healthcare professionals February 10, 2020
AU  - SA, Robbins RA
AU  - Klotz
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A novel epidemic is challenging the global health care system. Starting from probably November to December 2019, another Coronavirus entered the arena of human pathogens, to be then defined 2019- nCoV [...].
JO  - Southwest Journal of Pulmonary and Critical Care. 2020;20(2):69-70
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.13175/swjpcc011-20
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Be alert to superposed effect of seasonal influenza while fighting against novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - Li, T. G.
AU  - Wang, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) continues to spread throughout the country, and the prevention and control of the epidemic has entered a critical period. However, southern cities with severe outbreaks are about to enter the seasonal influenza season. We should strengthen the epidemiological investigation, optimize the laboratory testing strategy, take effective measures, strengthen the prevention and control of influenza epidemic, and minimize the interference to the new coronavirus epidemic.
JO  - Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 0
PG  - E002-E002
SP  - E002
EP  - E002
AN  - 32040985
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2020.0002
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32040985
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Bat origin of a new human coronavirus: there and back again
AU  - Li, Xiang
AU  - Song, Yuhe
AU  - Wong, Gary
AU  - Cui, Jie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Science China Life Sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11427-020-1645-7
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11427-020-1645-7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Antiviral Theatrics?
AU  - Lowe, Derek
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This, though, is an official organ of the Chinese state – none more so – showing all sorts of white-fog-spraying devices being deployed outdoors, with the caption “Full-front disinfection work has started in #Wuhan, an effort to contain the spread of #coronavirus“. ... Maybe there’s something in the mix that someone thinks will do some good against coronavirus particles – I doubt if they’re correct, if so – or maybe the whole thing is just meant to show that the Authorities Are Doing Something.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/scitranslmed.abb2600
UR  - https://blogs.sciencemag.org/pipeline/archives/2020/02/11/antiviral-theatricsd
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 2019-novel coronavirus infection in a three-month-old baby
AU  - Zhang, Y. H.
AU  - Lin, D. J.
AU  - Xiao, M. F.
AU  - Wang, J. C.
AU  - Wei, Y.
AU  - Lei, Z. X.
AU  - Zeng, Z. Q.
AU  - Li, L.
AU  - Li, H. A.
AU  - Xiang, W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 58
IS  - 0
PG  - E006-E006
SP  - E006
EP  - E006
AN  - 32043842
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1310.2020.0006
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32043842
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 2019-nCoV: Polite with children!
AU  - Aricò, Désirée Caselli
AU  - Maurizio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A novel epidemic is challenging the global health care system. Starting from probably November to December 2019, another Coronavirus entered the arena of human pathogens, to be then defined 2019- nCoV [...].
JO  - Pediatric Reports. 2020;12(1)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4081/pr.2020.8495
UR  - https://www.pagepress.org/journals/index.php/pr/article/view/8495/8166
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 
AU  - Mahase, Elisabeth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The demand for personal protective equipment such as masks and respirators is 100 times the normal level, and costs have skyrocketed to around 20 times their usual price, the World Health Organization has reported.WHO warned of “severe disruption” in the market for personal protective equipment and said that worldwide stocks were “now insufficient” to meet demand. The warning came from …
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m543
SP  - m543
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m543
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/content/368/bmj.m543.abstract
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preliminary prediction of the basic reproduction number of the Wuhan novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV
AU  - Zhou, Tao
AU  - Liu, Quanhui
AU  - Yang, Zimo
AU  - Liao, Jingyi
AU  - Yang, Kexin
AU  - Bai, Wei
AU  - Lu, Xin
AU  - Zhang, Wei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVES: To estimate the basic reproduction number of the Wuhan novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). METHODS: Based on the susceptible-exposed-infected-removed (SEIR) compartment model and the assumption that the infectious cases with symptoms occurred before 26 January, 2020 are resulted from free propagation without intervention, we estimate the basic reproduction number of 2019-nCoV according to the reported confirmed cases and suspected cases, as well as the theoretical estimated number of infected cases by other research teams, together with some epidemiological determinants learned from the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). RESULTS: The basic reproduction number fall between 2.8 and 3.3 by using the real-time reports on the number of 2019-nCoV-infected cases from People's Daily in China and fall between 3.2 and 3.9 on the basis of the predicted number of infected cases from international colleagues. CONCLUSIONS: The early transmission ability of 2019-nCoV is close to or slightly higher than SARS. It is a controllable disease with moderate to high transmissibility. Timely and effective control measures are needed to prevent the further transmissions.
JO  - J Evid Based Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1111/jebm.12376
SP  - 10.1111/jebm.12376
EP  - 
AN  - 32048815
DO  - 10.1111/jebm.12376
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32048815
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Early lessons from the frontline of the 2019-nCoV outbreak
AU  - Zhang, Hong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30356-1
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673620303561
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Respiratory support for severe 2019-nCoV pneumonia suffering from acute respiratory failure: time and strategy
AU  - Yuan, X.
AU  - Mu, J. S.
AU  - Mo, G. X.
AU  - Hu, X. S.
AU  - Yan, P.
AU  - Xie, L. X.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Respiratory support is a very important technique for saving severe 2019-nCoV pneumonia patients who suffering respiratory failure, which can improve oxygenation, reduce mortality. Therefore, how to reasonable using respiratory support technique is the key point that relating success or failure. In this paper, the authors introduce their experience on treating severe 2019-nCoV pneumonia, it is hopeful for current fighting against 2019-nCoV in China.
JO  - Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 3
PG  - E010-E010
SP  - E010
EP  - E010
AN  - 32048501
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2020.0010
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32048501
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel coronavirus takes flight from bats?
AU  - York, Ashley
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Two recent studies provide initial insights into a novel coronavirus that is associated with an outbreak of human respiratory disease.
JO  - Nature Reviews Microbiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-1
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
AN  - 
DO  - doi:10.1038/s41579-020-0336-9
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/s41579-020-0336-9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chest CT for Typical 2019-nCoV Pneumonia: Relationship to Negative RT-PCR Testing
AU  - Xie, Xingzhi
AU  - Zhong, Zheng
AU  - Zhao, Wei
AU  - Zheng, Chao
AU  - Wang, Fei
AU  - Liu, Jun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Some patients with positive chest CT findings may present with negative results of real time reverse-transcription-polymerase chain- reaction (RT-PCR) for 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). In this report, we present chest CT findings from five patients with 2019-nCoV infection who had initial negative RT-PCR results. All five patients had typical imaging findings, including ground-glass opacity (GGO) (5 patients) and/or mixed GGO and mixed consolidation (2 patients). After isolation for presumed 2019-nCoV pneumonia, all patients were eventually confirmed with 2019-nCoV infection by repeated swab tests. A combination of repeated swab tests and CT scanning may be helpful when for individuals with high clinical suspicion of nCoV infection but negative RT-PCR screening.
JO  - Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 200343-200343
SP  - 200343
EP  - 200343
AN  - 32049601
DO  - 10.1148/radiol.2020200343
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32049601
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Overview of The 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV): The Pathogen of Severe Specific Contagious Pneumonia (SSCP)
AU  - Wu, Yi-Chi
AU  - Chen, Ching-Sung
AU  - Chan, Yu-Jiun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In late December 2019 a previous unidentified coronavirus, currently named as the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), emerged from Wuhan, China and resulted in a formidable outbreak in many cities in China and expanding globally, including Thailand, Republic of Korea, Japan, USA, Philippines, Viet Nam, and our country (as of 2/6/2020 at least 25 countries). The disease is officially named as the Severe Specific Contagious Pneumonia (SSCP) in 1/15/2019 and is a notifiable communicable disease of the 5 category by the Taiwan CDC, the Ministry of Health. SSCP is a potential zoonotic disease with low to moderate (estimated 2-5%) mortality rate. Person-to-person transmission may occur through droplet or contact transmission and jeopardized first-line healthcare workers if lack of stringent infection control or no proper personal protective equipment available. Currently, there is no definite treatment for SSCP although some drugs are under investigation. To promptly identify patients and prevent further spreading, physicians should be aware of travel or contact history for patients with compatible symptoms.
JO  - J Chin Med Assoc
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1097/JCMA.0000000000000270
SP  - 10.1097/JCMA.0000000000000270
EP  - 
AN  - 32049687
DO  - 10.1097/JCMA.0000000000000270
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32049687
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Wuhan 2019 Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia: A Case Report of Serial Computed Tomographic Findings in a Female Patient (Preprint)
AU  - Wei, Jiangping
AU  - Xu, Huaxiang
AU  - Xiong, Jingliang
AU  - Shen, Qinglin
AU  - Fan, Bing
AU  - Ye, Chenglong
AU  - Dong, Wentao
AU  - Hu, Fangfang
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - UNSTRUCTURED Background: From December 2019, the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Pneumonia broke out in Wuhan, China. In this study, we present the finding of serial computed tomography in a female patient with 2019-nCoV. Case presentation: We report a 40-year-old female who presented with the symptoms of fever, chest tightness, and fatigue. She was further diagnosed with 2019-nCoV confirmed by rRT-PCR. In terms of her chest CT findings, patchy consolidation shadows, and ground-glass opacities (GGOs) rapidly progressed in both lungs, peripherally. After treatment, the previous lesions were almost absorbed, leaving the fibrous lesions. Conclusions: If there is a history of fever or contact with the epidemic area, combined with the above CT findings, it is necessary to detect the nucleic acid of new coronavirus in time.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - From Hendra to Wuhan: what has been learned in responding to emerging zoonotic viruses
AU  - Wang, Lin-Fa
AU  - Anderson, Danielle E.
AU  - Mackenzie, John S.
AU  - Merson, Michael H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30350-0
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673620303500
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Covid-19 epidemic
AU  - Velavan, Thirumalaisamy P.
AU  - Meyer, Christian G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract The current outbreak of the novel coronavirus Covid-19 (coronavirus disease 2019; previously 2019-nCoV), epi-centered in Hubei Province of the People's Republic of China, has spread to many other countries. On January 30, 2020, the WHO Emergency Committee declared a global health emergency based on growing case notification rates at Chinese and international locations. The case detection rate is changing hourly and daily and can be tracked in almost real time on website provided by Johns Hopkins University [1] and other websites. As of early February 2020, China bears the large burden of morbidity and mortality, whereas the incidence in other Asian countries, in Europe and North America remains low so far.
JO  - Tropical Medicine & International Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/tmi.13383
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/tmi.13383
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Consistent detection of 2019 novel coronavirus in saliva
AU  - To, Kelvin Kai-Wang
AU  - Tsang, Owen Tak‐Yin
AU  - Chik-Yan Yip, Cyril
AU  - Chan, Kwok-Hung
AU  - Wu, Tak-Chiu
AU  - Chan, Jacky M. C.
AU  - Leung, Wai-Shing
AU  - Chik, Thomas Shiu-Hong
AU  - Choi, Chris Yau-Chung
AU  - Kandamby, Darshana H.
AU  - Lung, David Christopher
AU  - Tam, Anthony Raymond
AU  - Poon, Rosana Wing-Shan
AU  - Fung, Agnes Yim-Fong
AU  - Hung, Ivan Fan-Ngai
AU  - Cheng, Vincent Chi-Chung
AU  - Chan, Jasper Fuk-Woo
AU  - Yuen, Kwok-Yung
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The 2019-novel-coronavirus (2019-nCoV) was detected in the self-collected saliva of 91.7% (11/12) of patients. Serial saliva viral load monitoring generally showed a declining trend. Live virus was detected in saliva by viral culture. Saliva is a promising non-invasive specimen for diagnosis, monitoring, and infection control in patients with 2019-nCoV infection.
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa149
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa149
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19, Australia: Epidemiology Report 2 (Reporting week ending 19:00 AEDT 8 February 2020)
AU  - Team, Covid- National Incident Room Surveillance
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This is the second epidemiological report for coronavirus disease (COVID-19), previously known as novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), reported in Australia as at 19:00 Australian Eastern Daylight Time [AEDT] 8 February 2020. It includes data on Australian cases notified during the week ending 19:00 AEDT 8 February 2020, the international situation and current information on the severity, transmission and spread of the COVID-19 infection.
JO  - Commun Dis Intell (2018)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 44
IS  - 
PG  - 10.33321/cdi.2020.44.14
SP  - 10.33321/cdi.2020.44.14
EP  - 
AN  - 32050080
DO  - 10.33321/cdi.2020.44.14
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32050080
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - An updated estimation of the risk of transmission of the novel coronavirus (2019-nCov)
AU  - Tang, Biao
AU  - Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi
AU  - Li, Qian
AU  - Tang, Sanyi
AU  - Xiao, Yanni
AU  - Wu, Jianhong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The basic reproduction number of an infectious agent is the average number of infections one case can generate over the course of the infectious period, in a naïve, uninfected population. It is well-known that the estimation of this number may vary due to several methodological issues, including different assumptions and choice of parameters, utilized models, used datasets and estimation period. With the spreading of the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection, the reproduction number has been found to vary, reflecting the dynamics of transmission of the coronavirus outbreak as well as the case reporting rate. Due to significant variations in the control strategies, which have been changing over time, and thanks to the introduction of detection technologies that have been rapidly improved, enabling to shorten the time from infection/symptoms onset to diagnosis, leading to faster confirmation of the new coronavirus cases, our previous estimations on the transmission risk of the 2019-nCoV need to be revised. By using time-dependent contact and diagnose rates, we refit our previously proposed dynamics transmission model to the data available until January 29th 2020 and re-estimated the effective daily reproduction ratio that better quantifies the evolution of the interventions. We estimated when the effective daily reproduction ratio has fallen below 1 and when the epidemics will peak. Our updated findings suggest that the best measure is persistent and strict self-isolation. The epidemics will continue to grow, and can peak soon with the peak time depending highly on the public health interventions practically implemented.
JO  - Infectious Disease Modelling
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idm.2020.02.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S246804272030004X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: what is next for public health? - The Lancet
AU  - Shindo, Nahoko
AU  - Heymann, David L
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The WHO Scientific and Technical Advisory Group for Infectious Hazards (STAG-IH), working with the WHO secretariat, reviewed available information about the outbreaks of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) on Feb 7, 2020, in Geneva, Switzerland, and concluded that the continuing strategy of containment for elimination should continue, and that the coming 2–3 weeks through to the end of February, 2020, will be crucial to monitor the situation of community transmission to update WHO public health recommendations if required.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30374-3
UR  - https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(20)30374-3/fulltext © 2020 Clarivate Analytics
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 2019-nCoV, fake news, and racism
AU  - Shimizu, Kazuki
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30357-3
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673620303573
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - On the use of corticosteroids for 2019-nCoV pneumonia
AU  - Shang, Lianhan
AU  - Zhao, Jianping
AU  - Hu, Yi
AU  - Du, Ronghui
AU  - Cao, Bin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30361-5
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673620303615
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus: why a permanent ban on wildlife trade might not work in China
AU  - Ribeiro, Joana
AU  - Bingre, Pedro
AU  - Strubbe, Diederik
AU  - Reino, Luís
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 578
IS  - 7794
PG  - 217-217
SP  - 217
EP  - 217
AN  - 
DO  - doi:10.1038/d41586-020-00377-x
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00377-x
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - What are the risks of COVID-19 infection in pregnant women?
AU  - Qiao, Jie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30365-2
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673620303652
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Journey of a Thai Taxi Driver and Novel Coronavirus
AU  - Pongpirul, Wannarat A.
AU  - Pongpirul, Krit
AU  - Ratnarathon, Anuttra C.
AU  - Prasithsirikul, Wisit
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - On January 20, 2020, a 51-year-old male taxi driver had fever, cough, and myalgia and went to a local pharmacy to get unspecified over-the-counter medications. At the time, he was not aware of the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 or the illness it causes (Covid-19). As the symptoms persisted, he decided to visit a private primary care clinic in Bangkok on January 23. The body temperature was 36.8°C (98°F). The clinic physician ordered a throat swab for influenza A and B; the swab was negative for both strains. Additional medications were prescribed for treatment of the patient’s symptoms.
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMc2001621
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMc2001621
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Directrices de Laboratorio para la detección y diagnóstico de la Infección con el Nuevo Coronavirus 2019 (2019-nCoV)
AU  - Organización Panamericana de la, Salud
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - En las directrices de laboratorio para la detección y diagnóstico de la infección con el nuevo coronovirus 2019 la Organización Panamericana de la Salud/Organización Mundial de la Salud (OPS/OMS) recomienda a los Estados Miembros garantizar su identificación oportuna, el envío de las muestras a laboratorios nacionales y de referencia y la implementación del protocolo de detección molecular para 2019-nCoV, según la capacidad del laboratorio.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 5-5
SP  - 5
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.paho.org/hq/index.php?option=com_docman&view=download&slug=laboratory-guidelines-for-detection-and-diagnosis-of-the-novel-coronavirus-2019-ncov-infection&Itemid=270&lang=es https://www.paho.org/hq/index.php?option=com_docman&view=download&slug
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 2019-nCoV : leçons d’incertitudes et de mondialisation
AU  - Matter, Michel
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Rev Med Suisse
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 16
IS  - 681
PG  - 340-340
SP  - 340
EP  - 340
AN  - 32049463
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32049463
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Scientists fear coronavirus spread in countries least able to contain it
AU  - Mallapaty, Smriti
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Concerns are rising about the virus’s potential to circulate undetected in Africa and Asia. Concerns are rising about the virus’s potential to circulate undetected in Africa and Asia.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:10.1038/d41586-020-00405-w
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00405-w
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) epidemic: a veterinary perspective
AU  - Lorusso, Alessio
AU  - Calistri, Paolo
AU  - Petrini, Antonio
AU  - Savini, Giovanni
AU  - Decaro, Nicola
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Vet Ital
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.12834/VetIt.2173.11599.1
SP  - 10.12834/VetIt.2173.11599.1
EP  - 
AN  - 32048818
DO  - 10.12834/VetIt.1768.9338.1
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32048818
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Locally Transmitted Case of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Taiwan
AU  - Liu, Ying-Chu
AU  - Liao, Ching-Hui
AU  - Chang, Chin-Fu
AU  - Chou, Chu-Chung
AU  - Lin, Yan-Ren
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - On January 25, 2020, a 52-year-old woman with a history of type 2 diabetes presented with fever to an emergency department in central Taiwan. She was admitted to the hospital because of suspicion of pneumonia associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. She had lived in Wuhan from October 21, 2019, to January 20, 2020. She returned to Taiwan from Wuhan on January 20 on an airplane. On the same day, a throat swab was obtained from another passenger on that flight; that passenger was confirmed to have the first known imported case of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Taiwan when the swab was found to be positive for the virus on January 21.
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMc2001573
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMc2001573
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Potential inhibitors against 2019-nCoV coronavirus M protease from clinically approved medicines
AU  - Liu, Xin
AU  - Wang, Xiu-Jie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Genetics and Genomics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgg.2020.02.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1673852720300278
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak: Think the unthinkable and be prepared to face the challenge
AU  - Lippi, G.
AU  - Plebani, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Diagnosis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1515/dx-2020-0015
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2004872062 http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/dx-2020-0015
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Community pharmacist in public health emergencies: Quick to action against the coronavirus 2019-nCoV outbreak
AU  - Lam Ung, Carolina Oi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The 2019-nCoV infection that is caused by a novel strain of coronavirus was first detected in China in the end of December 2019 and declared a public health emergency of international concern by the World Health Organization on January 30, 2020. Community pharmacists in one of the first areas that had confirmed cases of the viral infection, Macau, joined the collaborative force in supporting the local health emergency preparedness and response arrangements. This paper aimed to improve the understanding of community pharmacists’ role in case of 2019-CoV outbreak based on the practical experiences in consultation with the recommendations made by the International Pharmaceutical Federation on the Coronavirus 2019-nCoV outbreak.
JO  - Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2020.02.003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1551741120301182
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel coronavirus, poor quarantine, and the risk of pandemic
AU  - Khan, S.
AU  - Siddique, R.
AU  - Ali, A.
AU  - Xue, M.
AU  - Nabi, G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Hospital Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2020.02.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0195670120300487
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel coronavirus: how the things are in Wuhan
AU  - Khan, Suliman
AU  - Nabi, Ghulam
AU  - Han, Guang
AU  - Siddique, Rabeea
AU  - Lian, Shuai
AU  - Shi, Hongwei
AU  - Bashir, Nadia
AU  - Ali, Ashaq
AU  - Shereen, Muhammad Adnan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical Microbiology and Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2020.02.005
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1198743X20300847
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - NOVEL CORONAVIRUS THAT RECENTLY EMERGED IN CHINA
AU  - Israeli, Eitan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Harefuah
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 159
IS  - 1
PG  - 70-71
SP  - 70
EP  - 71
AN  - 32048481
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32048481
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Toning down the 2019-nCoV media hype—and restoring hope
AU  - Ippolito, Giuseppe
AU  - Hui, David S.
AU  - Ntoumi, Francine
AU  - Maeurer, Markus
AU  - Zumla, Alimuddin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Respiratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30070-9
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213260020300709
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Use of Chest CT in Combination with Negative RT-PCR Assay for the 2019 Novel Coronavirus but High Clinical Suspicion
AU  - Huang, Peikai
AU  - Liu, Tianzhu
AU  - Huang, Lesheng
AU  - Liu, Hailong
AU  - Lei, Ming
AU  - Xu, Wangdong
AU  - Hu, Xiaolu
AU  - Chen, Jun
AU  - Liu, Bo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 200330-200330
SP  - 200330
EP  - 200330
AN  - 32049600
DO  - 10.1148/radiol.2020200330
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32049600
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Maybe not an overreaction
AU  - Han, Li-Hsin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A mathematical simulation of coronavirus COVID-19 estimated the number of infections to be far worse than reported. Starting in December 2019, a novel coronavirus, known as COVID-19, caused growing cases of atypical pneumonia in the city of Wuhan, China. The virus spread. As of 12 February 2020, a total of 45,204 confirmed cases had been reported from China and 519 confirmed cases from 27 countries worldwide. Among the reported victims, 1116 died. When facing an epidemic as such, a dangerous mistake that countries over the world can make is to rely entirely on confirmed data but underestimate the actual size of infections. Causes of underestimation include the limitation of resources, as there can be insufficient quarantine spaces, detection reagents, and medical personnel to identify infections in real time. Additionally, the lack of symptoms from the virus in its dormant state can delay confirmation. There is also a fear of data being manipulated or downplayed by officials due to economic and political concerns.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/scitranslmed.aba9019
UR  - https://stm.sciencemag.org/content/12/530/eaba9019
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The progress of 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) event in China
AU  - Guan, Wang
AU  - Xian, Jin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - It has been more than one month since the first 2019-nCov infected person was diagnosed. However, the number of cumulative cases is keeping upward, including the severe cases and death cases. It has been proved that droplets transmission is the major route for 2019-nCov infection, and interpersonal contact could also cause the disease. Due to the fast-growing of Wuhan pneumonia and relative low cure rate, Chinese government is facing great challenges, and has taken emergency measures on disease prevention and clinical treatment, including population mobility control, building five or more hospitals for Wuhan pneumonia treatment, such as "Huo Shen Shan" hospital as well as developing a specific vaccine. In the meanwhile, the government shared the updated Genome Sequence of 2019-nCoV to the public, and scientists from China and oversea are working tightly and efficiently on public health emergency. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - J Med Virol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1002/jmv.25705
SP  - 10.1002/jmv.25705
EP  - 
AN  - 32048741
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25705
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32048741
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Daily briefing: The potential for repurposing existing drugs to fight COVID-19 coronavirus
AU  - Graham, Flora
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Time is of the essence — here’s what we’ve already got. Plus, biology’s cryo-electron microscopy boom and why Scotland is bringing back bogs. Time is of the essence — here’s what we’ve already got. Plus, biology’s cryo-electron microscopy boom and why Scotland is bringing back bogs.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:10.1038/d41586-020-00412-x
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00412-x
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - ‘A bit chaotic.’ Christening of new coronavirus and its disease name create confusion | Science | AAAS
AU  - Enserink, Martin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - “COVID-19. I’ll spell it: C-O-V-I-D hyphen one nine. COVID-19.” That’s how Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, head of the World Health Organization (WHO), introduced the agency’s official name for the new disease that’s paralyzing China and threatening the rest of the world. The christening yesterday, at one of WHO’s now daily outbreak press conferences in Geneva, ended 6 weeks of uncertainty about what the disease would be called—but it also created some new confusion. COVID-19 is a name for the disease, not for the virus that causes it, which until now had a temporary moniker, 2019-nCoV, signifying it was a novel coronavirus that emerged last year. But the pathogen also got a new designation, which arrived before Tedros had even finished his press conference, by way of a preprint posted on bioRxiv by the body charged with classifying and naming viruses. The Coronavirus Study Group (CSG) of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses, the paper noted, had decided to call the virus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, or SARS-CoV-2.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/02/bit-chaotic-christening-new-coronavirus-and-its-disease-name-create-confusion
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pre- and Posttreatment Chest CT Findings: 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Pneumonia
AU  - Duan, Ya-Ni
AU  - Qin, Jie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 200323-200323
SP  - 200323
EP  - 200323
AN  - 32049602
DO  - 10.1148/radiol.2020200323
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32049602
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - HRCT Imaging Features in Representative Imported Cases of 2019 Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia
AU  - Diao, Kaiyue
AU  - Han, Peilun
AU  - Pang, Tong
AU  - Li, Yuan
AU  - Yang, Zhigang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - With the spread of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) pneumonia, chest high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) has been one of the key diagnostic tools. To achieve early and accurate diagnostics, determining the radiological characteristics of the disease is of great importance. In this small scale research we retrospectively reviewed and selected six cases confirmed with 2019-nCoV infection in West China Hospital and investigated their initial and follow-up HRCT features, along with the clinical characteristics. The 2019-nCoV pneumonia basically showed a multifocal or unifocal involvement of ground-glass opacity (GGO), sometimes with consolidation and fibrosis. No pleural effusion or lymphadenopathy was identified in our presented cased. The follow-up CT generally demonstrated mild to moderate progression of the lesion, with only one case showing remission by the reducing extent and density of the airspace opacification.
JO  - Precision Clinical Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/pcmedi/pbaa004
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1093/pcmedi/pbaa004
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Orientaciones a puntos de entrada al país para el tamizaje de viajeros que vienen de zonas con circulación del nuevo coronavirus (2019-nCoV)
AU  - Colombia. Ministerio de Salud y Protección, Social
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - El presente documento define lineamientos para realizar el tamizaje de los viajeros internacionales que ingresan al país; inicia con la identificación de viajeros por personal de Migración Colombia que son derivados para entrevista; continúa con la clasificación de potencial caso sospechoso y finaliza con la activación del plan de contingencias y emergencias del aeropuerto. This document defines guidelines for screening international travelers entering the country; it begins with the identification of travelers by Colombian Immigration personnel who are referred to interview; it continues with the classification of potential suspect case and ends with the activation of the airport&#039;s contingency and emergency plan.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 8-8
SP  - 8
EP  - 8
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.minsalud.gov.co/sites/rid/Lists/BibliotecaDigital/RIDE/VS/asif04-guia-tamizaje-poblacional-puntos-entrada-coronavirus.pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Acciones en promoción de la salud, prevención y atención de la Infección Respiratoria Aguda - IRA- ante alerta internacional por Nuevo Coronavirus 2019-nCoV
AU  - Colombia. Ministerio de Salud y Protección, Social
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - La Organización Mundial de Salud (OMS) informó la ocurrencia de casos de Infección Respiratoria Aguda Grave (IRAG) causada por un nuevo coronavirus (2019-nCoV) en Wuhan (China), desde la última semana de diciembre de 2019. Los primeros casos se presentaron en personas que estuvieron en un mercado de pescado y animales silvestres de Wuhan, no obstante, se han confirmado casos en personas que estuvieron en esta y otras zonas de China y en 20 países de 4 continentes. El 30 enero del 2020 la OMS declara emergencia de salud pública de importancia internacional (ESPII). The World Health Organization (WHO) reported the occurrence of cases of Acute Respiratory Infection Severe (IRAG) caused by a new coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in Wuhan, China, since last week December 2019. The first cases involved people who were in a fish and wildlife in Wuhan, however, cases have been confirmed in people who were in this and other areas of China and in 20 countries on 4 continents. On 30 January 2020 the WHO declares a public health emergency of international concern (ESPII).
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 9-9
SP  - 9
EP  - 9
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.minsalud.gov.co/sites/rid/Lists/BibliotecaDigital/RIDE/VS/acciones-coronavirus.pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Labs scramble to spot hidden coronavirus infections | Science | AAAS
AU  - Cohen, Jon
AU  - Kupferschmidt
AU  - Kai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The seeming precision of the global tallies of cases and deaths caused by the novel coronavirus now spreading from Wuhan, China belies an alarming fact. The world is in the dark about the epidemic’s real scale and speed, because existing tests have limited powers—and testing is far too spotty. “We are underestimating how common this infection is,” cautions Jeremy Farrar, head of the Wellcome Trust. Within days of Chinese researchers releasing the sequence of the virus on 11 January, scientists developed tests capable of detecting genetic sequences that distinguish the new agent from other coronaviruses circulating in humans. By 28 January, China’s National Medical Products Administration had approved diagnostic test kits from five companies. It was an astonishing pace for the response to a pathogen never seen before—and yet it was only a beginning.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/02/labs-scramble-spot-hidden-coronavirus-infections
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Anti-Chinese sentiment during the 2019-nCoV outbreak
AU  - Chung, Roger Yat-Nork
AU  - Li, Minnie Ming
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30358-5
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673620303585
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records
AU  - Chen, Huijun
AU  - Guo, Juanjuan
AU  - Wang, Chen
AU  - Luo, Fan
AU  - Yu, Xuechen
AU  - Zhang, Wei
AU  - Li, Jiafu
AU  - Zhao, Dongchi
AU  - Xu, Dan
AU  - Gong, Qing
AU  - Liao, Jing
AU  - Yang, Huixia
AU  - Hou, Wei
AU  - Zhang, Yuanzhen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Summary Background Previous studies on the pneumonia outbreak caused by the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) were based on information from the general population. Limited data are available for pregnant women with COVID-19 pneumonia. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in pregnancy and the intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection. Methods Clinical records, laboratory results, and chest CT scans were retrospectively reviewed for nine pregnant women with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia (ie, with maternal throat swab samples that were positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 [SARS-CoV-2]) who were admitted to Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China, from Jan 20 to Jan 31, 2020. Evidence of intrauterine vertical transmission was assessed by testing for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in amniotic fluid, cord blood, and neonatal throat swab samples. Breastmilk samples were also collected and tested from patients after the first lactation. Findings All nine patients had a caesarean section in their third trimester. Seven patients presented with a fever. Other symptoms, including cough (in four of nine patients), myalgia (in three), sore throat (in two), and malaise (in two), were also observed. Fetal distress was monitored in two cases. Five of nine patients had lymphopenia (<1·0 × 10⁹ cells per L). Three patients had increased aminotransferase concentrations. None of the patients developed severe COVID-19 pneumonia or died, as of Feb 4, 2020. Nine livebirths were recorded. No neonatal asphyxia was observed in newborn babies. All nine livebirths had a 1-min Apgar score of 8–9 and a 5-min Apgar score of 9–10. Amniotic fluid, cord blood, neonatal throat swab, and breastmilk samples from six patients were tested for SARS-CoV-2, and all samples tested negative for the virus. Interpretation The clinical characteristics of COVID-19 pneumonia in pregnant women were similar to those reported for non-pregnant adult patients who developed COVID-19 pneumonia. Findings from this small group of cases suggest that there is currently no evidence for intrauterine infection caused by vertical transmission in women who develop COVID-19 pneumonia in late pregnancy. Funding Hubei Science and Technology Plan, Wuhan University Medical Development Plan.
JO  - The Lancet
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DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30360-3
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673620303603
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Frist case of severe childhood novel coronavirus pneumonia in China
AU  - Chen, F.
AU  - Liu, Z. S.
AU  - Zhang, F. R.
AU  - Xiong, R. H.
AU  - Chen, Y.
AU  - Cheng, X. F.
AU  - Wang, W. Y.
AU  - Ren, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 58
IS  - 0
PG  - E005-E005
SP  - E005
EP  - E005
AN  - 32045966
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1310.2020.0005
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32045966
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Minimise nosocomial spread of 2019-nCoV when treating acute respiratory failure
AU  - Cabrini, Luca
AU  - Landoni, Giovanni
AU  - Zangrillo, Alberto
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
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VL  - 
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DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30359-7
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673620303597
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus: hospitals must learn from past pandemics
AU  - Bhadelia, Nahid
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Use techniques honed during the SARS, H1N1 and Ebola epidemics to separate sick and well, keep workers safe and prepare for the next outbreak, says Nahid Bhadelia Use techniques honed during the SARS, H1N1 and Ebola epidemics to separate sick and well, keep workers safe and prepare for the next outbreak, says Nahid Bhadelia
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 578
IS  - 7794
PG  - 193-193
SP  - 193
EP  - 193
AN  - 
DO  - doi:10.1038/d41586-020-00354-4
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00354-4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The global spread of 2019-nCoV: a molecular evolutionary analysis
AU  - Benvenuto, Domenico
AU  - Giovanetti, Marta
AU  - Salemi, Marco
AU  - Prosperi, Mattia
AU  - De Flora, Cecilia
AU  - Junior Alcantara, Luiz Carlos
AU  - Angeletti, Silvia
AU  - Ciccozzi, Massimo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The global spread of the 2019-nCoV is continuing and is fast moving, as indicated by the WHO raising the risk assessment to high. In this article, we provide a preliminary phylodynamic and phylogeographic analysis of this new virus. A Maximum Clade Credibility tree has been built using the 29 available whole genome sequences of 2019-nCoV and two whole genome sequences that are highly similar sequences from Bat SARS-like Coronavirus available in GeneBank. We are able to clarify the mechanism of transmission among the countries which have provided the 2019-nCoV sequence isolates from their patients. The Bayesian phylogeographic reconstruction shows that the 2019-2020 nCoV most probably originated from the Bat SARS-like Coronavirus circulating in the Rhinolophus bat family. In agreement with epidemiological observations, the most likely geographic origin of the new outbreak was the city of Wuhan, China, where 2019-nCoV time of the most recent common ancestor emerged, according to molecular clock analysis, around November 25(th), 2019. These results, together with previously recorded epidemics, suggest a recurring pattern of periodical epizootic outbreaks due to Betacoronavirus. Moreover, our study describes the same population genetic dynamic underlying the SARS 2003 epidemic, and suggests the urgent need for the development of effective molecular surveillance strategies of Betacoronavirus among animals and Rhinolophus of the bat family.
JO  - Pathog Glob Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 32048560
DO  - 10.1080/20477724.2020.1725339
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32048560
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Economic Impacts of Wuhan 2019-nCoV on China and the World
AU  - Ayittey, Foster Kofi
AU  - Ayittey, Matthew Kormla
AU  - Chiwero, Nyasha Bennita
AU  - Kamasah, Japhet Senyo
AU  - Dzuvor, Christian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Uncertainties over the Wuhan 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV), which has killed 1,017 people and sickened more than 43,100 as of Feb 11,(1) has interrupted global trade and supply chains, depressed asset prices, and forced multinational businesses to make hard decisions with limited information. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - J Med Virol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1002/jmv.25706
SP  - 10.1002/jmv.25706
EP  - 
AN  - 32048740
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25706
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32048740
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Coronavirus 9-nCoV: recomendaciones para aeropuertos, puertos y pasos fronterizos
AU  - Argentina. Ministerio de, Salud
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Ante la situación mundial, en relación a 2019-nCoV, que implica la posibilidad de ingreso a nuestro país de personas infectadas, se generaron las recomendaciones necesarias para la detección temprana y control de pacientes con posibilidad de presentar una enfermedad respiratoria aguda al ingreso a nuestro país. La principal estrategia es la detección temprana y control de los casos posibles. En los Aeropuertos, Puertos y Pasos Fronterizos se está realizando difusión masiva de información para viajeros en relación a 2019-nCoV, con el objetivo de generar conciencia acerca de la importancia de las medidas de prevención, los síntomas ante los cuales se debe solicitar atención y el teléfono de consulta ministerial sanitaria (0800-222-1002 - opción 1)
JO  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 3-3
SP  - 3
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.argentina.gob.ar/sites/default/files/recomendaciones-aeropuertos-puertos-pasosfronterizos-coronavirus.pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Are we ready for the new fatal Coronavirus: scenario of Pakistan?
AU  - Ahmad, Tauseef
AU  - Khan, Muhammad
AU  - Khan, Fazal Mehmood
AU  - Hui, Jin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Scenario of Pakistan Pakistan, is the most affected countries, has experienced many diseases outbreaks and other disasters. Geographically and politically China and Pakistan are closely connected as shown in Figure 3. A large number of Chinese people are working in Pakistan on different developmental projects (China Pakistan Economic Corridor, Dams, Gawdar Port), and on the other hand many Pakistanis are residing in China carrying out their studies, business and jobs. The outbreak of coronavirus has appeared during the peak travel time when the Chinese from Pakistan and around the world are traveling to China, while the Pakistani community, especially students, are traveling back to Pakistan due to winter break. One of such case has been reported on 24 January 2020 after a person traveled from China to Pakistan on 21 January 2020 via Dubai and was diagnosed for 2019-nCoV on 24 January.3 However, the case was not notified officially by the government of Pakistan. In the depicted situation, the future is very alarming. After the ending of Chinese New Year celebrations, the Chinese will travel back to their jobs abroad, which may result in an outbreak of the fatal virus infection in Pakistan and other countries.
JO  - Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/21645515.2020.1724000
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2020.1724000
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Seven days in medicine: 5-11 Feb 2020
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - UK declares “serious and imminent threat to public health”The UK government declared that the “incidence or transmission of novel coronavirus constitutes a serious and imminent threat to public health.” The announcement on 10 February means that England’s health secretary, Matt Hancock, can enact regulations to ensure that people are “protected as far as possible from the transmission of the virus.” This includes designating Arrowe Park Hospital in Merseyside and Kents Hill Park in Milton Keynes as isolation facilities. As of 10 February eight people in the UK had tested positive for 2019-nCoV.More UK laboratories get diagnostic testingPublic Health England (PHE) announced that it was rolling out its novel coronavirus diagnostic test to 12 laboratories in England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland over the next few weeks, bringing the total facilities with testing capability to 13. This will increase the testing capacity in England from 100 to 1000 people a day. The test is performed on a sample from the nose, throat, and respiratory tract. A confirmatory test will continue to be conducted at PHE’s Colindale laboratories in north London. PHE is also working with the World Health Organization to test samples from countries that do not have testing facilities.Global stocks of protective gear are depletedThe demand for personal protective equipment such as masks and respirators is 100 times the normal level, and costs have skyrocketed to around 20 …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m548
SP  - m548
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m548
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/content/368/bmj.m548.abstract
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pharma mobilizes to combat the coronavirus
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The World Health Organization has declared the fast-moving coronavirus outbreak in China a “public health emergency of international concern,” a measure that can spur coordinated global efforts to combat it. With infections steadily rising, major drug companies are mobilizing to develop diagnostics, vaccines, and possible treatments for the virus, 2019-nCoV. According to WHO, as of Jan. 30 more than 7,800 people worldwide are confirmed to have been infected by the virus, and another 12,000-plus cases are suspected. Almost all of the cases are in China, where 170 people have died. Although smaller biotech firms were among the first to publicly respond to the outbreak, big pharma firms say they have been quietly working on tests and treatments for several weeks. Roche has sent the first commercial diagnostic to China, and Johnson & Johnson says it is using the same technologies deployed for the rapid development of an Ebola vaccine to(..)
JO  - C&EN Global Enterprise
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 98
IS  - 5
PG  - 11-11
SP  - 11
EP  - 11
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1021/cen-09805-buscon4
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-09805-buscon4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Artificial intelligence finds drugs that could fight the new coronavirus
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Two independent groups last week reported that they had used artificial intelligence in different ways to find possible treatments for the novel coronavirus, named 2019-nCoV. On Feb. 4, researchers from the AI drug discovery company BenevolentAI and Imperial College London reported that they had used AI software to find an already-approved drug that might limit the virus’s ability to infect people (Lancet 2020, DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30304-4). On Feb. 6, Insilico Medicine announced that its AI algorithms had designed new molecules that could stop the virus from replicating in people’s bodies. The company says it submitted a paper to the bioRxiv server, but the preprint had not been posted there as of press time. BenevolentAI’s algorithms connect molecular structure data to biomedical information about relevant receptors and diseases to find potential drug targets. The group adapted its search to newly available information about 2019-nCoV and focused on the enzyme adaptor-associated protein kinase
JO  - C&EN Global Enterprise
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 98
IS  - 6
PG  - 3-3
SP  - 3
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1021/cen-09806-scicon1
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-09806-scicon1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus puts drug chemical industry on alert
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Major drug companies have issued statements in recent days assuring the public that their inventories are adequate in the face of supply chain threats stemming from the novel coronavirus. Suppliers of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) are also assuring customers that they are prepared for temporary interruption in the supply of key ingredients from firms in China, where the outbreak originated. API makers in Europe and the US warn, however, that supply disruptions could result from a protracted delay in restarting production at plants closed in recent weeks by the Chinese government or from prolonged transportation restrictions. James Bruno, president of the consulting firm Chemical and Pharmaceutical Solutions, says travel restrictions are already interrupting business with Chinese suppliers. “First of all, nobody is going to be able to get to China,” he says, “so all the audits are going to be canceled.” Bruno adds that the restrictions will prolong plant closures
JO  - C&EN Global Enterprise
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 98
IS  - 6
PG  - 11-11
SP  - 11
EP  - 11
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1021/cen-09806-buscon2
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-09806-buscon2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Perinatal and neonatal management plan for prevention and control of 2019 novel coronavirus infection (1st Edition)
AU  - Working Group for the, Prevention
AU  - Control of Neonatal -nCo, V. Infection in the Perinatal Period of the Editorial Committee of Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection has been prevalent in China. Due to immaturity of immune function and the possibility of mother-fetal vertical transmission, neonates are particularly susceptible to 2019-nCoV. The perinatal-neonatal departments should cooperate closely and take integrated approaches, and the neonatal intensive care unit should prepare the emergency plan for 2019-nCoV infection as far as possible, so as to ensure the optimal management and treatment of potential victims. According to the latest 2019-nCoV national management plan and the actual situation, the Working Group for the Prevention and Control of Neonatal 2019-nCoV Infection in the Perinatal Period of the Editorial Committee of Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics puts forward recommendations for the prevention and control of 2019-nCoV infection in neonates.
JO  - Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 22
IS  - 2
PG  - 87-90
SP  - 87
EP  - 90
AN  - 32051071
DO  - 
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32051071
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Management plan for prevention and control of novel coronavirus pneumonia among children in Xiangya Hospital of Central South University
AU  - Peng, Jing
AU  - Wang, Xia
AU  - Yang, Ming-Hua
AU  - Wang, Ming-Jie
AU  - Zheng, Xiang-Rong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, an epidemic of novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) has occurred in China. How to effectively prevent and control NCP among children with limited resources is an urgent issue to be explored. Under the unified arrangement of the Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, the Department of Pediatrics has formulated an action plan with Xiangya unique model to prevent and control NCP among children according to the current epidemic situation and diagnostic and therapeutic program in China.
JO  - Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 22
IS  - 2
PG  - 100-105
SP  - 100
EP  - 105
AN  - 32051074
DO  - 
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32051074
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Emergency response plan for the neonatal intensive care unit during epidemic of 2019 novel coronavirus
AU  - Pediatric Committee, Medical Association of Chinese People′s Liberation Army
AU  - Editorial Committee of Chinese Journal of Contemporary, Pediatrics
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection has been spreading in China since December 2019. Neonates are presumably the high-risk population susceptible to 2019-nCoV due to immature immune function. The neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) should be prepared for 2019-nCoV infections as far as possible. The emergency response plan enables the efficient response capability of NICU. During the epidemic of 2019-nCoV, the emergency response plan for the NICU should be based on the actual situation, including diagnosis, isolation, and treatment, as well as available equipment and staffing, and take into account the psychosocial needs of the families and neonatal care staff.
JO  - Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 22
IS  - 2
PG  - 91-95
SP  - 91
EP  - 95
AN  - 32051072
DO  - 
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32051072
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recommendation for the diagnosis and treatment of novel coronavirus infection in children in Hubei (Trial version 1)
AU  - Pediatric Branch of Hubei Medical, Association
AU  - Pediatric Branch of Wuhan Medical, Association
AU  - Pediatric Medical Quality Control Center of, Hubei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, a cluster of patients have been diagnosed to be infected with 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in Wuhan, China. The epidemic has been spreading to other areas of the country and abroad. A few cases have progressed rapidly to acute respiratory distress syndrome and/or multiple organ function failure. The epidemiological survey has indicated that the general population is susceptible to 2019-nCoV. A total of 14 children (6 months to 14 years of age, including 5 cases in Wuhan) have been confirmed to be infected with 2019-nCoV in China so far. In order to further standardize and enhance the clinical management of 2019-nCoV infection in children, reduce the incidence, and decrease the number of severe cases, we have formulated this diagnosis and treatment recommendation according to the recent information at home and abroad.
JO  - Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 22
IS  - 2
PG  - 96-99
SP  - 96
EP  - 99
AN  - 32051073
DO  - 
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32051073
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A disconnected policy network: The UK's response to the Sierra Leone Ebola epidemic
AU  - Georgalakis, James
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This paper investigates whether the inclusion of social scientists in the UK policy network that responded to the Ebola crisis in Sierra Leone (2013–16) was a transformational moment in the use of interdisciplinary research. In contrast to the existing literature, that relies heavily on qualitative accounts of the epidemic and ethnography, this study tests the dynamics of the connections between critical actors with quantitative network analysis. This novel approach explores how individuals are embedded in social relationships and how this may affect the production and use of evidence. The meso-level analysis, conducted between March and June 2019, is based on the traces of individuals' engagement found in secondary sources. Source material includes policy and strategy documents, committee papers, meeting minutes and personal correspondence. Social network analysis software, UCINet, was used to analyse the data and Netdraw for the visualisation of the network. Far from being one cohesive community of experts and government officials, the network of 134 people was weakly held together by a handful of super-connectors. Social scientists’ poor connections to the government embedded biomedical community may explain why they were most successful when they framed their expertise in terms of widely accepted concepts. The whole network was geographically and racially almost entirely isolated from those affected by or directly responding to the crisis in West Africa. Nonetheless, the case was made for interdisciplinarity and the value of social science in emergency preparedness and response. The challenge now is moving from the rhetoric to action on complex infectious disease outbreaks in ways that value all perspectives equally.
JO  - Social Science & Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 112851
SP  - 112851
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.112851
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277953620300708
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Outbreak of COVID-19 - an urgent need for good science to silence our fears?
AU  - Lum, Lionel Hw
AU  - Tambyah, Paul A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Singapore Med J
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.11622/smedj.2020018
SP  - 10.11622/smedj.2020018
EP  - 
AN  - 32052064
DO  - 10.11622/smedj.2020018
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32052064
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - News at a glance
AU  - Science
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Just weeks after a novel coronavirus emerged in Wuhan, China, the outbreak continued to expand in gravity and scope. This week, the cumulative death toll surpassed 1000, compared with the more than 800 killed by another coronavirus in the 2002–03 outbreaks of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Authorities assigned official names to the virus, SARS-CoV-2, and the resulting disease, COVID-19. Li Wenliang, a 34-year-old doctor who sounded an early alarm in Wuhan about the disease only to be summoned by local police for doing so, succumbed to the virus last week.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 367
IS  - 6479
PG  - 720
SP  - 720
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.367.6479.720
UR  - http://science.sciencemag.org/content/367/6479/720.abstract
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The health carer
AU  - Kupferschmidt, Kai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - On 2 January 2019, Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus faced a life-or-death decision. The director-general of the World Health Organization (WHO) had spent New Year's Eve in Bunia, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), to boost the morale of staff fighting the second biggest Ebola epidemic ever. As he was getting ready to board a helicopter to Uganda, where he was scheduled to meet Prime Minister Ruhakana Rugunda, Tedros had to decide whether to bring along a young Congolese man named Charles Lwanga-Kikwaya. The day before, a group of Ebola vaccinators was attacked by a group of young men and women—one of many assaults WHO staff has had to endure—and Lwanga-Kikwaya had been hit on the head with a large stone. His injury was serious, says Jeremy Farrar, head of the Wellcome Trust, who accompanied Tedros and examined the patient. “We quickly decided we either had to evacuate him or he was going to die,” says Farrar, who trained as a neurologist.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 367
IS  - 6479
PG  - 730
SP  - 730
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.367.6479.730
UR  - http://science.sciencemag.org/content/367/6479/730.abstract
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Labs scramble to produce new coronavirus diagnostics
AU  - Cohen, Jon
AU  - Kupferschmidt, Kai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The seeming precision of the global tallies of cases and deaths caused by the novel coronavirus now spreading from Wuhan, China, belies an alarming fact. The world is in the dark about the epidemic's real scale and speed, because existing tests have limited powers—and testing is far too spotty. “We are underestimating how common this infection is,” cautions Jeremy Farrar, head of the Wellcome Trust. Within days of Chinese researchers releasing the sequence of the virus on 11 January, scientists developed tests capable of detecting genetic sequences that distinguish the new agent from other coronaviruses circulating in humans. By 28 January, China's National Medical Products Administration had approved diagnostic test kits from five companies. It was an astonishing pace for the response to a pathogen never seen before—and yet it was only a beginning
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 367
IS  - 6479
PG  - 727
SP  - 727
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.367.6479.727
UR  - http://science.sciencemag.org/content/367/6479/727.abstract
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Un nuevo coronavirus emerge
AU  - Ena, J.
AU  - Wenzel, R. P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Revista Clínica Española
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 220
IS  - 2
PG  - 115-116
SP  - 115
EP  - 116
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rce.2020.01.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0014256520300217
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Time Course of Lung Changes On Chest CT During Recovery From 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pneumonia
AU  - Pan, Feng
AU  - Ye, Tianhe
AU  - Sun, Peng
AU  - Gui, Shan
AU  - Liang, Bo
AU  - Li, Lingli
AU  - Zheng, Dandan
AU  - Wang, Jiazheng
AU  - Hesketh, Richard L.
AU  - Yang, Lian
AU  - Zheng, Chuansheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background Chest CT is used to assess the severity of lung involvement in COVID-19 pneumonia. Purpose To determine the change in chest CT findings associated with COVID-19 pneumonia from initial diagnosis until patient recovery. Materials and Methods This retrospective review included patients with RT-PCR confirmed COVID-19 infection presenting between 12 January 2020 to 6 February 2020. Patients with severe respiratory distress and/ or oxygen requirement at any time during the disease course were excluded. Repeat Chest CT was obtained at approximately 4 day intervals. The total CT score was the sum of lung involvement (5 lobes, score 1-5 for each lobe, range, 0 none, 25 maximum) was determined. Results Twenty one patients (6 males and 15 females, age 25-63 years) with confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia were evaluated. These patients under went a total of 82 pulmonary CT scans with a mean interval of 4±1 days (range: 1-8 days). All patients were discharged after a mean hospitalized period of 17±4 days (range: 11-26 days). Maximum lung involved peaked at approximately 10 days (with the calculated total CT score of 6) from the onset of initial symptoms (R2=0.25), p<0.001). Based on quartiles of patients from day 0 to day 26 involvement, 4 stages of lung CT were defined: Stage 1 (0-4 days): ground glass opacities (GGO) in 18/24 (75%) patients with the total CT score of 2±2; (2)Stage-2 (5-8d days): increased crazy-paving pattern 9/17 patients (53%) with a increase in total CT score (6±4, p=0.002); (3) Stage-3 (9-13days): consolidation 19/21 (91%) patients with the peak of total CT score (7±4); (4) Stage-4 (≥14 days): gradual resolution of consolidation 15/20 (75%) patients with a decreased total CT score (6±4) without crazy-paving pattern. Conclusion In patients recovering from COVID-19 pneumonia (without severe respiratory distress during the disease course), lung abnormalities on chest CT showed greatest severity approximately 10 days after initial onset of symptoms.
JO  - Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 200370-200370
SP  - 200370
EP  - 200370
AN  - 32053470
DO  - 10.1148/radiol.2020200370
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32053470
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Nutraceuticals have potential for boosting the type 1 interferon response to RNA viruses including influenza and coronavirus
AU  - McCarty, Mark F.
AU  - DiNicolantonio, James J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcad.2020.02.007
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0033062020300372
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus latest: Scientists clash over virus name
AU  - Nature
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Some researchers in China are unhappy with the designated name for the new coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2. They worry that the use of ‘SARS-CoV’ will confuse the public and impede efforts to control the pathogen’s spread.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00154-w
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Erratum: Vol. 69, No. 5
AU  - nCo, V. C. D. C. Response Team
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 69
IS  - 6
PG  - 173-173
SP  - 173
EP  - 173
AN  - 32053580
DO  - 10.15585/mmwr.mm6906a5
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32053580
NS  - 
N1  - elizabeth mumford (2020-02-15 02:02:11)(Select): linked to #348 and #454; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Persons Evaluated for 2019 Novel Coronavirus - United States, January 2020
AU  - Bajema, Kristina L.
AU  - Oster, Alexandra M.
AU  - McGovern, Olivia L.
AU  - Lindstrom, Stephen
AU  - Stenger, Mark R.
AU  - Anderson, Tara C.
AU  - Isenhour, Cheryl
AU  - Clarke, Kevin R.
AU  - Evans, Mary E.
AU  - Chu, Victoria T.
AU  - Biggs, Holly M.
AU  - Kirking, Hannah L.
AU  - Gerber, Susan I.
AU  - Hall, Aron J.
AU  - Fry, Alicia M.
AU  - Oliver, Sara E.
AU  - nCo, V. Persons Under Investigation Team
AU  - Co, V. Persons Under Investigation Team
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, a cluster of cases of pneumonia emerged in Wuhan City in central China's Hubei Province. Genetic sequencing of isolates obtained from patients with pneumonia identified a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) as the etiology (1). As of February 4, 2020, approximately 20,000 confirmed cases had been identified in China and an additional 159 confirmed cases in 23 other countries, including 11 in the United States (2,3). On January 17, CDC and the U.S. Department of Homeland Security's Customs and Border Protection began health screenings at U.S. airports to identify ill travelers returning from Wuhan City (4). CDC activated its Emergency Operations Center on January 21 and formalized a process for inquiries regarding persons suspected of having 2019-nCoV infection (2). As of January 31, 2020, CDC had responded to clinical inquiries from public health officials and health care providers to assist in evaluating approximately 650 persons thought to be at risk for 2019-nCoV infection. Guided by CDC criteria for the evaluation of persons under investigation (PUIs) (5), 210 symptomatic persons were tested for 2019-nCoV; among these persons, 148 (70%) had travel-related risk only, 42 (20%) had close contact with an ill laboratory-confirmed 2019-nCoV patient or PUI, and 18 (9%) had both travel- and contact-related risks. Eleven of these persons had laboratory-confirmed 2019-nCoV infection. Recognizing persons at risk for 2019-nCoV is critical to identifying cases and preventing further transmission. Health care providers should remain vigilant and adhere to recommended infection prevention and control practices when evaluating patients for possible 2019-nCoV infection (6). Providers should consult with their local and state health departments when assessing not only ill travelers from 2019-nCoV-affected countries but also ill persons who have been in close contact with patients with laboratory-confirmed 2019-nCoV infection in the United States.
JO  - MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 69
IS  - 6
PG  - 166-170
SP  - 166
EP  - 170
AN  - 32053579
DO  - 10.15585/mmwr.mm6906e1
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32053579
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Therapeutic and triage strategies for 2019 novel coronavirus disease in fever clinics
AU  - Zhang, Jinnong
AU  - Zhou, Luqian
AU  - Yang, Yuqiong
AU  - Peng, Wei
AU  - Wang, Wenjing
AU  - Chen, Xuelin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Respiratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30071-0
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213260020300710
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Protecting health-care workers from subclinical coronavirus infection
AU  - Chang, De
AU  - Xu, Huiwen
AU  - Rebaza, Andre
AU  - Sharma, Lokesh
AU  - Dela Cruz, Charles S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Respiratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30066-7
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213260020300667
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Authoritarianism, outbreaks, and information politics
AU  - Kavanagh, Matthew M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30030-X
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S246826672030030X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - First imported case of 2019 novel coronavirus in Canada, presenting as mild pneumonia
AU  - Silverstein, William Kyle
AU  - Stroud, Lynfa
AU  - Cleghorn, Graham Edward
AU  - Leis, Jerome Allen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30370-6
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673620303706
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Africa prepares for coronavirus
AU  - Makoni, Munyaradzi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10223
PG  - 483
SP  - 483
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30355-X
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014067362030355X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet 2020; published online Jan 24.  - Correction
AU  - Lancet
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10223
PG  - 496
SP  - 496
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30252-X
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014067362030252X
NS  - 
N1  - elizabeth mumford (2020-02-15 02:00:33)(Select): linked to #34; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Offline: How to defeat political populism
AU  - Horton, Richard
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10223
PG  - 480
SP  - 480
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30363-9
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673620303639
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: what is next for public health?
AU  - Heymann, David L.
AU  - Shindo, Nahoko
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30374-3
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673620303743
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Data sharing and outbreaks: best practice exemplified
AU  - Heymann, David L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10223
PG  - 469-470
SP  - 469
EP  - 470
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30184-7
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673620301847
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Do not violate the International Health Regulations during the COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Habibi, Roojin
AU  - Burci, Gian Luca
AU  - de Campos, Thana C.
AU  - Chirwa, Danwood
AU  - Cinà, Margherita
AU  - Dagron, Stéphanie
AU  - Eccleston-Turner, Mark
AU  - Forman, Lisa
AU  - Gostin, Lawrence O.
AU  - Meier, Benjamin Mason
AU  - Negri, Stefania
AU  - Ooms, Gorik
AU  - Sekalala, Sharifah
AU  - Taylor, Allyn
AU  - Yamin, Alicia Ely
AU  - Hoffman, Steven J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30373-1
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673620303731
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A novel coronavirus outbreak of global health concern - Comment - Correction
AU  - Chen Wang, Peter W Horby, Frederick G Hayden, George F Gao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Wang C, Horby PW, Hayden FG, Gao GF. A novel coronavirus outbreak of global health concern. Lancet 2020; published online Jan 24. https://dox.doi.org/S0140-6736(20)30185-9—In this. Comment, the first sentence of the third paragraph should have read “Of the 41 patients in this cohort, 22 (55%) developed severe dyspnoea and 13 (32%) required admission to an intensive care unit, and six died.” And in the table, the title of the third row should have read “Location of first detection”. These corrections have been made to the online version as of Jan 29, 2020, and will be made to the printed version.
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10223
PG  - 496
SP  - 496
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30250-6
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673620302506
NS  - 
N1  - elizabeth mumford (2020-02-15 01:57:51)(Select): linked to #7; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Isolation, quarantine, social distancing and community containment: pivotal role for old-style public health measures in the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak
AU  - Wilder-Smith, A.
AU  - Freedman, D. O.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Community containment includes measures that range from increasing social distancing to coummunity-wide quarantine. Whether these measures will be sufficient to control 2019-ncov depends on addressing some unanswered questions.
JO  - Journal of Travel Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/jtm/taaa020
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1093/jtm/taaa020
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The reproductive number of COVID-19 is higher compared to SARS coronavirus
AU  - Liu, Ying
AU  - Gayle, Albert A.
AU  - Wilder-Smith, Annelies
AU  - Rocklöv, Joacim
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Teaser: Our review found the average R0 for 2019-nCoV to be 3.28, which exceeds WHO estimates of 1.4 to 2.5.Here we review the basic reproduction number (R0) of the 2019-nCoV virus. R0 is an indication of the transmissibility of a virus, representing the average number of new infections generated by an infectious person in a totally naïve population. For R0 greater than one the number infected is likely to increase, and for R0 less than one transmission is likely to die out. The basic reproduction number is a central concept in infectious disease epidemiology, indicating the risk of an infectious agent with respect to epidemic spread.
JO  - Journal of Travel Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/jtm/taaa021
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1093/jtm/taaa021
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Potential Interventions for Novel Coronavirus in China: A Systemic Review
AU  - Zhang, Lei
AU  - Liu, Yunhui
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - An outbreak of a novel coronavirus (COVID-19 or 2019-CoV) infection has posed significant threats to international health and the economy. In the absence of treatment for this virus, there is an urgent need to find alternative methods to control the spread of disease. Here, we have conducted an online search for all treatment options related to coronavirus infections as well as some RNA virus infection and we have found that general treatments, coronavirus-specific treatments, and antiviral treatments should be useful in fighting COVID-19. We suggest that the nutritional status of each infected patient should be evaluated before the administration of general treatments and the current children's RNA virus vaccines including influenza vaccine should be immunized for uninfected people and health care workers. In addition, convalescent plasma should be given to COVID-19 patients if it is available. In conclusion, we suggest that all the potential interventions be implemented to control the emerging COVID-19 if the infection is uncontrollable. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - J Med Virol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1002/jmv.25707
SP  - 10.1002/jmv.25707
EP  - 
AN  - 32052466
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25707
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32052466
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Overlapping and discrete aspects of the pathology and pathogenesis of the emerging human pathogenic coronaviruses SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and 2019-nCoV
AU  - Liu, Jia
AU  - Zheng, Xin
AU  - Tong, Qiaoxia
AU  - Li, Wei
AU  - Wang, Baoju
AU  - Sutter, Kathrin
AU  - Trilling, Mirko
AU  - Lu, Mengji
AU  - Dittmer, Ulf
AU  - Yang, Dongliang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract First reported from Wuhan, PR China, on 31 December 2019, the ongoing outbreak of a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) causes great global concerns. Based on the advice of the International Health Regulations Emergency Committee and the fact that to date 24 other countries also reported cases, the WHO Director-General declared that the outbreak of 2019-nCoV constitutes a Public Health Emergency of International Concern on 30 January 2020. Together with the other two highly pathogenic coronaviruses, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), 2019-nCov and other yet to be identified coronaviruses pose a global threat to public health. In this mini-review, we provide a brief introduction on the pathology and pathogenesis of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, and extrapolate this knowledge to the newly identified 2019-nCoV. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25709
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25709
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Does SARS-CoV-2 has a longer incubation period than SARS and MERS?
AU  - Jiang, Xuan
AU  - Rayner, Simon
AU  - Luo, Min-Hua
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract The outbreak of a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) since Dec 2019 in Wuhan, the major transportation hub in central China, became an emergency of major international concern. While several etiological studies have begun to reveal the specific biological features of this virus, the epidemic characteristics need to be elucidated. Notably, a long incubation time was reported to be associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection, leading to adjustments in screening and control policies. To avoid the risk of virus spread, all potentially exposed subjects are required to be isolated for 14 days, which is the longest predicted incubation time. However, based on our analysis of a larger dataset available so far, we find there is no observable difference between the incubation time for SARS-CoV-2, SARS and MERS, highlighting the need for larger and well annotated datasets. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25708
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25708
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - US Emergency Legal Responses to Novel Coronavirus: Balancing Public Health and Civil Liberties
AU  - Gostin, Lawrence O.
AU  - Hodge, James G., Jr.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - With increasing numbers of cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) globally and in the United States, Health and Human Services (HHS) Secretary Alex Azar declared a national public health emergency on January 31. The emergency declaration of the HHS authorizes additional resources, enhanced federal powers, interjurisdictional coordination, and waivers of specific regulations. State and local public health emergency declarations are also likely. During crises, government has a special responsibility to thoughtfully balance public health protections and civil liberties.
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.2025
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.2025
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Case of the Index Patient Who Caused Tertiary Transmission of COVID-19 Infection in Korea: the Application of Lopinavir/Ritonavir for the Treatment of COVID-19 Infected Pneumonia Monitored by Quantitative RT-PCR
AU  - Lim, Jaegyun
AU  - Jeon, Seunghyun
AU  - Shin, Hyun Young
AU  - Kim, Moon Jung
AU  - Seong, Yu Min
AU  - Lee, Wang Jun
AU  - Choe, Kang Won
AU  - Kang, Yu Min
AU  - Lee, Baeckseung
AU  - Park, Sang Joon
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since mid-December of 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection has been spreading from Wuhan, China. The confirmed COVID-19 patients in South Korea are those who came from or visited China. As secondary transmissions have occurred and the speed of transmission is accelerating, there are rising concerns about community infections. The 54-year old male is the third patient diagnosed with COVID-19 infection in Korea. He is a worker for a clothing business and had mild respiratory symptoms and intermittent fever in the beginning of hospitalization, and pneumonia symptoms on chest computerized tomography scan on day 6 of admission. This patient caused one case of secondary transmission and three cases of tertiary transmission. Hereby, we report the clinical findings of the index patient who was the first to cause tertiary transmission outside China. Interestingly, after lopinavir/ritonavir (Kaletra, AbbVie) was administered, ß-coronavirus viral loads significantly decreased and no or little coronavirus titers were observed.
JO  - J Korean Med Sci
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 35
IS  - 6
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://koreamed.org/article/0063JKMS/2020.35.6.e79
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The 2019 Coronavirus: Learning Curves, Lessons, and the Weakest Link
AU  - Stein, Richard Albert
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In the space of just six weeks, a new coronavirus, from a family that historically was not viewed as a global health concern, has become daily headline news around the globe. The 21(st) century marked its arrival with the emergence of three previously unknown coronaviruses. SARS-CoV (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus) was recognized in November 2002 [1, 2], MERS-CoV (Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus) in June 2012 [3, 4], and 2019-nCoV in December 2019 [5]. Previously, human coronaviruses, known since the 1960s, were viewed as being only marginally relevant to the clinic, except for infants, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals [1, 6, 7].
JO  - Int J Clin Pract
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - e13488-e13488
SP  - e13488
EP  - e13488
AN  - 32052918
DO  - 10.1111/ijcp.13488
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32052918
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Real-time forecasts of the 2019-nCoV epidemic in China from February 5th to February 24th, 2020
AU  - Roosa, K.
AU  - Lee, Y.
AU  - Luo, R.
AU  - Kirpich, A.
AU  - Rothenberg, R.
AU  - Hyman, J. M.
AU  - Yan, P.
AU  - Chowell, G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The initial cluster of severe pneumonia cases that triggered the 2019-nCoV epidemic was identified in Wuhan, China in December 2019. While early cases of the disease were linked to a wet market, human-to-human transmission has driven the rapid spread of the virus throughout China. The Chinese government has implemented containment strategies of city-wide lockdowns, screening at airports and train stations, and isolation of suspected patients; however, the cumulative case count keeps growing every day. The ongoing outbreak presents a challenge for modelers, as limited data are available on the early growth trajectory, and the epidemiological characteristics of the novel coronavirus are yet to be fully elucidated. We use phenomenological models that have been validated during previous outbreaks to generate and assess short-term forecasts of the cumulative number of confirmed reported cases in Hubei province, the epicenter of the epidemic, and for the overall trajectory in China, excluding the province of Hubei. We collect daily reported cumulative case data for the 2019-nCoV outbreak for each Chinese province from the National Health Commission of China. Here, we provide 5, 10, and 15 day forecasts for five consecutive days, February 5th through February 9th, with quantified uncertainty based on a generalized logistic growth model, the Richards growth model, and a sub-epidemic wave model. Our most recent forecasts reported here based on data up until February 9, 2020, largely agree across the three models presented and suggest an average range of 7,409 – 7,496 additional cases in Hubei and 1,128 – 1,929 additional cases in other provinces within the next five days. Models also predict an average total cumulative case count between 37,415 – 38,028 in Hubei and 11,588 – 13,499 in other provinces by February 24, 2020. Mean estimates and uncertainty bounds for both Hubei and other provinces have remained relatively stable in the last three reporting dates (February 7th – 9th). We also observe that each of the models predicts that the epidemic has reached saturation in both Hubei and other provinces. Our findings suggest that the containment strategies implemented in China are successfully reducing transmission and that the epidemic growth has slowed in recent days.
JO  - Infectious Disease Modelling
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idm.2020.02.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468042720300051
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Potential role of inanimate surfaces for the spread of coronaviruses and their inactivation with disinfectant agents
AU  - Kampf, Günter
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Summary The novel human coronavirus 2019-nCoV has become a global health concern causing severe respiratory tract infections in humans. Human-to-human transmissions have been described, probably via droplets but possibly also via contaminated hands or surfaces. In a recent review on the persistence of human and veterinary coronaviruses on inanimate surfaces it was shown that human coronaviruses such as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) coronavirus, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) coronavirus or endemic human coronaviruses (HCoV) can persist on inanimate surfaces like metal, glass or plastic for up to 9 days. Some disinfectant agents effectively reduce coronavirus infectivity within 1 minute such 62% - 71% ethanol, 0.5% hydrogen peroxide or 0.1% sodium hypochlorite. Other compounds such as 0.05% - 0.2% benzalkonium chloride or 0.02% chlorhexidine digluconate are less effective. An effective surface disinfection may help to ensure an early containment and prevention of further viral spread.
JO  - Infection Prevention in Practice
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 100044
SP  - 100044
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infpip.2020.100044
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590088920300081
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - First cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in France: surveillance, investigations and control measures, January 2020
AU  - Stoecklin, Sibylle Bernard
AU  - Rolland, Patrick
AU  - Silue, Yassoungo
AU  - Mailles, Alexandra
AU  - Campese, Christine
AU  - Simondon, Anne
AU  - Mechain, Matthieu
AU  - Meurice, Laure
AU  - Nguyen, Mathieu
AU  - Bassi, Clément
AU  - Yamani, Estelle
AU  - Behillil, Sylvie
AU  - Ismael, Sophie
AU  - Nguyen, Duc
AU  - Malvy, Denis
AU  - Lescure, François Xavier
AU  - Georges, Scarlett
AU  - Lazarus, Clément
AU  - Tabaï, Anouk
AU  - Stempfelet, Morgane
AU  - Enouf, Vincent
AU  - Coignard, Bruno
AU  - Levy-Bruhl, Daniel
AU  - team, Investigation
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A novel coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, SARS-CoV-2) causing a cluster of respiratory infections (coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19) in Wuhan, China, was identified on 7 January 2020. The epidemic quickly disseminated from Wuhan and as at 12 February 2020, 45,179 cases have been confirmed in 25 countries, including 1,116 deaths. Strengthened surveillance was implemented in France on 10 January 2020 in order to identify imported cases early and prevent secondary transmission. Three categories of risk exposure and follow-up procedure were defined for contacts. Three cases of COVID-19 were confirmed on 24 January, the first cases in Europe. Contact tracing was immediately initiated. Five contacts were evaluated as at low risk of exposure and 18 at moderate/high risk. As at 12 February 2020, two cases have been discharged and the third one remains symptomatic with a persistent cough, and no secondary transmission has been identified. Effective collaboration between all parties involved in the surveillance and response to emerging threats is required to detect imported cases early and to implement adequate control measures.
JO  - Eurosurveillance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 25
IS  - 6
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.6.2000094
UR  - https://eurosurveillance.org/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.6.2000094 © 2020 Clarivate Analytics
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Initial CT findings and temporal changes in patients with the novel coronavirus pneumonia (2019-nCoV): a study of 63 patients in Wuhan, China
AU  - Pan, Yueying
AU  - Guan, Hanxiong
AU  - Zhou, Shuchang
AU  - Wang, Yujin
AU  - Li, Qian
AU  - Zhu, Tingting
AU  - Hu, Qiongjie
AU  - Xia, Liming
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The purpose of this study was to observe the imaging characteristics of the novel coronavirus pneumonia.
JO  - European Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00330-020-06731-x
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-020-06731-x
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Imaging features of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - Xu, Xi
AU  - Yu, Chengcheng
AU  - Zhang, Lieguang
AU  - Luo, Liangping
AU  - Liu, Jinxin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00259-020-04720-2
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00259-020-04720-2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Risk for Transportation of 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease from Wuhan to Other Cities in China
AU  - Du, Zhanwei
AU  - Wang, Lin
AU  - Cauchemez, Simon
AU  - Xu, Xiaoke
AU  - Wang, Xianwen
AU  - Cowling, Benjamin J.
AU  - Meyers, Lauren Ancel
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - On January 23, 2020, China quarantined Wuhan to contain 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19). We estimated the probability of transportation of COVID-19 from Wuhan to 369 other cities in China before the quarantine. Expected COVID-19 risk is >50% in 130 (95% CI 89-190) cities and >99% in the 4 largest metropolitan areas.
JO  - Emerg Infect Dis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 26
IS  - 5
PG  - 10.3201/eid2605.200146
SP  - 10.3201/eid2605.200146
EP  - 
AN  - 32053479
DO  - 10.3201/eid2605.200146
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32053479
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Practical recommendations for critical care and anesthesiology teams caring for novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) patients
AU  - Wax, Randy S.
AU  - Christian, Michael D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A global health emergency has been declared by the World Health Organization as the 2019-nCoV outbreak spreads across the world, with confirmed patients in Canada. Patients infected with 2019-nCoV are at risk for developing respiratory failure and requiring admission to critical care units. While providing optimal treatment for these patients, careful execution of infection control measures is necessary to prevent nosocomial transmission to other patients and to healthcare workers providing care. Although the exact mechanisms of transmission are currently unclear, human-to-human transmission can occur, and the risk of airborne spread during aerosol-generating medical procedures remains a concern in specific circumstances. This paper summarizes important considerations regarding patient screening, environmental controls, personal protective equipment, resuscitation measures (including intubation), and critical care unit operations planning as we prepare for the possibility of new imported cases or local outbreaks of 2019-nCoV. Although understanding of the 2019-nCoV virus is evolving, lessons learned from prior infectious disease challenges such as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome will hopefully improve our state of readiness regardless of the number of cases we eventually manage in Canada.
JO  - Can J Anaesth
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1007/s12630-020-01591-x
SP  - 10.1007/s12630
EP  - 020
AN  - 32052373
DO  - 10.1007/s12630-020-01591-x
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32052373
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Infections without borders: a new coronavirus in Wuhan, China
AU  - Wood, Cate
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Br J Nurs
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 29
IS  - 3
PG  - 166-167
SP  - 166
EP  - 167
AN  - 32053437
DO  - 10.12968/bjon.2020.29.3.166
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32053437
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus: online GP bookings should be stopped because of safety risks, warns BMA
AU  - Mahase, Elisabeth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - General practices should be able to turn off their online booking systems in response to the covid-19 outbreak without fear of repercussions over breaching their contract, the BMA has told NHS England.Practices are contractually obliged to provide 25% of their appointments through online booking; as this system does not triage patients in the same way that a receptionist does, however, the BMA has warned that it could …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m611
SP  - m611
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m611
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/content/368/bmj.m611.abstract
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Development of an indirect ELISA for detecting porcine deltacoronavirus IgA antibodies
AU  - Lu, Manman
AU  - Liu, Qiuge
AU  - Wang, Xiaobo
AU  - Zhang, Jialin
AU  - Zhang, Xin
AU  - Shi, Da
AU  - Liu, Jianbo
AU  - Shi, Hongyan
AU  - Chen, Jianfei
AU  - Feng, Li
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is a novel coronavirus that can cause vomiting and watery diarrhea in pigs and death in piglets. Since PDCoV was first detected in 2009 in Hong Kong, the prevalence of PDCoV has increased in recent years, resulting in serious economic losses to the swine industry. The coronavirus spike (S) protein is an antigen that has been demonstrated to contain epitopes that induce neutralizing antibodies. The presence of serum and milk IgA antibodies against pathogens that replicate primarily on mucosal surfaces is important for mucosal immunity. Here, an indirect anti-PDCoV IgA antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (PDCoV S1 IgA ELISA) using the purified S1 portion of S protein as the coating antigen was developed to detect PDCoV IgA antibodies in serum and sow's milk. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed high specificity and sensitivity of the PDCoV-S1-IgA-ELISA based on samples confirmed by IFA. Anti-PDCoV IgA antibodies in 152 serum samples and 65 milk samples collected from six farms that had experienced diarrhea outbreaks within previous last two years were detected by this assay, and 62.5% of the serum samples and 100% of the milk samples were positive for PDCoV. The indirect ELISA method established in this study will provide a convenient tool for measurement of serum and milk IgA levels against PDCoV in pig herds, rapid detection of PDCoV infection in pigs, and evaluation of the immunogenicity of vaccines.
JO  - Arch Virol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1007/s00705-020-04541-6
SP  - 10.1007/s00705
EP  - 020
AN  - 32052195
DO  - 10.1007/s00705-020-04541-6
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32052195
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Straining the System: Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) and Preparedness for Concomitant Disasters
AU  - Smith, Nathaniel
AU  - Fraser, Michael
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Just a few weeks before the first confirmed case of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) was reported in the United States, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued a bold promise to the nation: the agency will use its scientific expertise to bring a new level of preparedness in the United States and global health security against current and growing threats, finally eliminate certain diseases, and bring an end to the devastation of epidemics.(1) The current outbreak of COVID-19 reminds us how urgent this promise is and just how critical it is to continue to sustain and strengthen our nation's public health infrastructure. The unprecedented pace of the public health response to COVID-19 has only been possible because of prior investments in public health preparedness. To accelerate our pace and meet the challenges of current and future health threats, we must advance our world-class data and analytics capabilities; maintain and expand our state-of-the-art public health laboratory capacity; continue building a workforce of trusted, expert, public health professionals; sustain our capacity to rapidly respond to outbreaks at their source; and assure a strong global and domestic preparedness capacity. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print February 13, 2020: e1-e2. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2020.305618).
JO  - Am J Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - e1-e2
SP  - e1
EP  - e2
AN  - 32053389
DO  - 10.2105/AJPH.2020.305618
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32053389
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Three Emerging Coronaviruses in Two Decades
AU  - Guarner, Jeannette
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Am J Clin Pathol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - aqaa029
SP  - aqaa029
EP  - 
AN  - 32053148
DO  - 10.1093/ajcp/aqaa029
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32053148
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Three Emerging Coronaviruses in Two Decades: The Story of SARS, MERS, and Now COVID-19
AU  - Guarner, Jeannette
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In the past two decades, the world has seen three coronaviruses emerge and cause outbreaks that have caused considerable global health consternation. Coronaviruses are enveloped, nonsegmented, single-stranded, positive-sense RNA viruses that have a characteristic appearance on electron microscopy negative staining Image 1. As a matter of fact, the characteristic electron microscopy appearance was the clue to amplify and sequence nucleic acids from Dr Urbani’s (one of the health care providers who died of severe acute respiratory syndrome [SARS] in 2003) respiratory specimen using a consensus coronavirus primer.1 The sequence of the virus was significantly different from other coronaviruses known to cause human disease at the time. The virus was ultimately named SARS-CoV, as febrile patients had severe acute respiratory syndrome and could present with pneumonia and lower respiratory symptoms such as cough and dyspnea.2 The SARS-CoV outbreak started in Guangdong, China, and spread to many countries in Southeast Asia, North America, Europe, and South Africa. Transmission was primarily person to person through droplets that occurred during coughing or sneezing, through personal contact (shaking hands), or by touching contaminated surfaces. Of note, health professionals were particularly at risk of acquiring the disease, as transmission also occurred if isolation precautions were not followed and during certain procedures. The last case of SARS-CoV occurred in September 2003, after having infected over 8,000 persons and causing 774 deaths with a case fatality rate calculated at 9.5%.
JO  - American Journal of Clinical Pathology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/ajcp/aqaa029
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/aqaa029
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - THREE NOTICEABLE ISSUES ON NOVEL CORONAVIRUS: A QUICK LOOK FROM VIETNAM’S CIRCUMSTANCES
AU  - Tuyen, Le Thi Thanh
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Novel Coronavirus officially COVID-19 has been detected since December 2019 and it has become a global health issue concern today. According to the statistics from the Vietnam’s Ministry of Health, until 13February 2020, Vietnam has fifteen positive cases with COVID-19, which one of those is a 3-month-old baby (Ministry of Health, 2020). It is estimated that the COVID-19 outbreak will be reached the top in the next ten days due to the excessive worrying and wrong behaviors towards the virus (Thu, 2020). In this letter, the author presents three noticeable issues based on the current situation in Vietnam and efforts that nurses should do
JO  - 6
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://belitungraya.org/BRP/index.php/bnj/article/view/1058
UR  - https://belitungraya.org/BRP/index.php/bnj/article/view/1058
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel Coronavirus Infection in Hospitalized Infants Under 1 Year of Age in China
AU  - Wei, Min Yuan, Jingping Liu,Yu Fu,Tao Yu,Xue Zhang,Zhi-Jiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Previous studies suggest that COVID-19 is more likely to infect older adult men, particularly those with chronic comorbidities.2-4 Few infections in children have been reported. We identified all infected infants in China and described demographic, epidemiologic, and clinical features.
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.2131 © 2020 Clarivate Analytics
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - More than 80 clinical trials launch to test coronavirus treatments
AU  - Nature
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As HIV drugs, stem cells and traditional Chinese medicines vie for a chance to prove their worth, the WHO attempts to bring order to the search. As HIV drugs, stem cells and traditional Chinese medicines vie for a chance to prove their worth, the WHO attempts to bring order to the search.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:10.1038/d41586-020-00444-3
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00444-3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Update From China
AU  - JAMA
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - By mid-February 2020 there were 60,000 confirmed cases of COVID-19, the vast majority diagnosed in Hubei Province (including Wuhan city) in mainland China. China CDC Chief Epidemiologist Zunyou Wu, MD, PhD discusses the latest COVID-19 developments in the country with JAMA Editor in Chief Howard Bauchner, MD.
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://edhub.ama-assn.org/jn-learning/audio-player/18234306
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus latest: Chinese cases spike after changes to diagnosis method
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Updates on the respiratory illness that has infected tens of thousands of people. Updates on the respiratory illness that has infected tens of thousands of people.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:10.1038/d41586-020-00154-w
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00154-w
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical features of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in the early stage from a fever clinic in Beijing
AU  - Zhang, M. Q.
AU  - Wang, X. H.
AU  - Chen, Y. L.
AU  - Zhao, K. L.
AU  - Cai, Y. Q.
AU  - An, C. L.
AU  - Lin, M. G.
AU  - Mu, X. D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To summarize and analyze the clinical and imaging characteristics of patients with 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in the early stage in Beijing. Methods: A retrospective analysis of clinical and imaging data of 9 patients with 2019 novel coronavirus infection diagnosed in one fever clinicic in Beijing from January 18, 2020 to February 3, 2020. Results: 5 male and 4 female was included in those 9 patients, whose median age was 36 years, and the age range from 15 to 49 years. 8 of these patients had no underlying disease and one suffered from diabetes. 7 patients had a history of travel to Wuhan City or Hubei Province, and one patient was a medical staff. Two family clustered was found. The incubation period was 1 to 6 days. The clinical manifestations were fever in 8 cases (8/9) , dry cough in 5 cases (5/9) , pharyngalgia in 4 cases (4/9) , fatigue in 4 cases (4/9) , body soreness in 4 cases (4/9) , and blocked or watery nose in 1 case (1/9) . Six patients (6/9) had abnormal cell peripheral blood, of which 3 (3/9) had an increased monocyte count, 2 (2/9) had a reduced lymphocyte , and 1 (1/9) had an increased leukocyte count, while the 3 patients had normal cell blood routines. The median of CRP was 16.3 mg/L, including 5 patients with slightly elevated (5/9) , 4 patients with normal values (4/9) . the results of procalcitonin test were negative in5 patients. Three patients were examined by chest X-ray examination, one of which was normal, one case showed infiltrates of right upper lung, and another showed in right lower lung. All patients underwent chest HRCT. And 7 cases (7/9) showed multiple ground glass exudation, including 5 cases (5/7) involved bilateral lungs, 2 cases (2/7) involved unilateral lung, 3 cases (3/7) with patchy consolidation, and 2 cases (2/9) showed no abnormality. Conclusions: The patents with 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in this study generally have an epidemiological history. The clinical manifestations are fever and cough. Peripheral white blood cell counts were most normal And PCT were all negative. Chest HRCT manifested as multiple ground-glass opacities with partly consolidation. Some patients had normal chest radiographs but HRCT showed pneumonia. Some patients had no pneumonia on chest HRCT.
JO  - Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 0
PG  - E013-E013
SP  - E013
EP  - E013
AN  - 32061066
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2020.0013
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32061066
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Full spectrum of COVID-19 severity still being depicted
AU  - Xu, Zhou
AU  - Li, Shu
AU  - Tian, Shen
AU  - Li, Hao
AU  - Kong, Ling-quan
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30308-1
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30308-1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - HIV-1 did not contribute to the 2019-nCoV genome
AU  - Xiao, Chuan
AU  - Li, Xiaojun
AU  - Liu, Shuying
AU  - Sang, Yongming
AU  - Gao, Shou-Jiang
AU  - Gao, Feng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Emerg Microbes Infect
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
PG  - 378-381
SP  - 378
EP  - 381
AN  - 32056509
DO  - 10.1080/22221751.2020.1727299
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32056509
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 2019_nCoV: Rapid classification of betacoronaviruses and identification of traditional Chinese medicine as potential origin of zoonotic coronaviruses
AU  - Wassenaar, Trudy M.
AU  - Zou, Ying
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract The current outbreak of a novel SARS-like coronavirus, 2019_nCoV, illustrated difficulties in identifying a novel coronavirus and its natural host, as the coding sequences of various Betacoronavirus species can be highly diverse. By means of whole-genome sequence comparisons, we demonstrate that the non-coding flanks of the viral genome can be used to correctly separate the recognized four betacoronavirus subspecies. The conservation would be sufficient to define target sequences that could, in theory, classify novel virus species into their subspecies. Only 253 upstream non-coding sequences of Sarbecovirus are sufficient to identify genetic similarities between species of this subgenus. Further, it was investigated which bat species have commercial value in China, and would thus likely be handled for trading purposes. A number of coronavirus genomes have been published that were obtained from such bat species. These bats are used in Traditional Chinese Medicine, and their handling poses a potential risk to cause zoonotic coronavirus epidemics.
JO  - Letters in Applied Microbiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/lam.13285
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/lam.13285
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Molecular Mechanism for Antibody-Dependent Enhancement of Coronavirus Entry
AU  - Wan, Yushun
AU  - Shang, Jian
AU  - Sun, Shihui
AU  - Tai, Wanbo
AU  - Chen, Jing
AU  - Geng, Qibin
AU  - He, Lei
AU  - Chen, Yuehong
AU  - Wu, Jianming
AU  - Shi, Zhengli
AU  - Zhou, Yusen
AU  - Du, Lanying
AU  - Li, Fang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of viral entry has been a major concern for epidemiology, vaccine development, and antibody-based drug therapy. However, the molecular mechanism behind ADE is still elusive. Coronavirus spike protein mediates viral entry into cells by first binding to a receptor on the host cell surface and then fusing viral and host membranes. In this study, we investigated how a neutralizing monoclonal antibody (MAb), which targets the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronavirus spike, mediates viral entry using pseudovirus entry and biochemical assays. Our results showed that MAb binds to the virus surface spike, allowing it to undergo conformational changes and become prone to proteolytic activation. Meanwhile, MAb binds to cell surface IgG Fc receptor, guiding viral entry through canonical viral-receptor-dependent pathways. Our data suggest that the antibody/Fc-receptor complex functionally mimics viral receptor in mediating viral entry. Moreover, we characterized MAb dosages in viral-receptor-dependent, Fc-receptor-dependent, and both-receptors-dependent viral entry pathways, delineating guidelines on MAb usages in treating viral infections. Our study reveals a novel molecular mechanism for antibody-enhanced viral entry and can guide future vaccination and antiviral strategies.IMPORTANCE Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of viral entry has been observed for many viruses. It was shown that antibodies target one serotype of viruses but only subneutralize another, leading to ADE of the latter viruses. Here we identify a novel mechanism for ADE: a neutralizing antibody binds to the surface spike protein of coronaviruses like a viral receptor, triggers a conformational change of the spike, and mediates viral entry into IgG Fc receptor-expressing cells through canonical viral-receptor-dependent pathways. We further evaluated how antibody dosages impacted viral entry into cells expressing viral receptor, Fc receptor, or both receptors. This study reveals complex roles of antibodies in viral entry and can guide future vaccine design and antibody-based drug therapy.
JO  - Journal of Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 94
IS  - 5
PG  - e02015-19
SP  - e02015
EP  - 19
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1128/JVI.02015-19
UR  - http://jvi.asm.org/content/94/5/e02015-19.abstract
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel Coronavirus Outbreak in Wuhan, China, 2020: Intense Surveillance Is Vital for Preventing Sustained Transmission in New Locations
AU  - Thompson, Robin N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of pneumonia originating in Wuhan, China, has generated 24,500 confirmed cases, including 492 deaths, as of 5 February 2020. The virus (2019-nCoV) has spread elsewhere in China and to 24 countries, including South Korea, Thailand, Japan and USA. Fortunately, there has only been limited human-to-human transmission outside of China. Here, we assess the risk of sustained transmission whenever the coronavirus arrives in other countries. Data describing the times from symptom onset to hospitalisation for 47 patients infected early in the current outbreak are used to generate an estimate for the probability that an imported case is followed by sustained human-to-human transmission. Under the assumptions that the imported case is representative of the patients in China, and that the 2019-nCoV is similarly transmissible to the SARS coronavirus, the probability that an imported case is followed by sustained human-to-human transmission is 0.41 (credible interval [0.27, 0.55]). However, if the mean time from symptom onset to hospitalisation can be halved by intense surveillance, then the probability that an imported case leads to sustained transmission is only 0.012 (credible interval [0, 0.099]). This emphasises the importance of current surveillance efforts in countries around the world, to ensure that the ongoing outbreak will not become a global pandemic.
JO  - J Clin Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 2
PG  - E498
SP  - E498
EP  - 
AN  - 32054124
DO  - 10.3390/jcm9020498
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32054124
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recommendations for general surgery clinical practice in novel coronavirus pneumonia situation
AU  - Tao, K. X.
AU  - Zhang, B. X.
AU  - Zhang, P.
AU  - Zhu, P.
AU  - Wang, G. B.
AU  - Chen, X. P.
AU  - General Surgery Branch of Hubei Medical, Association
AU  - General Surgery Branch of Wuhan Medical, Association
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) is a highly infectious disease, has a long incubation period and a variety of clinical manifestations, which has a significant impact on public health and life. Afterwards, scientific and standardized work processing during the epidemic is of great significance for prevention and control. In order to implement the central government's decision-making deployment and defeat the NCP as soon as possible, we had focused on the key points in the clinical work of general surgery according to latest relevant guidelines, literature and experience in epidemic prevention. Finally, we drafted the prevention and control strategies and recommendations to make a reference for medical staff of general surgery to fight NCP.
JO  - Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 58
IS  - 0
PG  - E001-E001
SP  - E001
EP  - E001
AN  - 32057212
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-5815.2020.0001
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32057212
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Inhibitors of RAS Might Be a Good Choice for the Therapy of COVID-19 Pneumonia
AU  - Sun, M. L.
AU  - Yang, J. M.
AU  - Sun, Y. P.
AU  - Su, G. H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) infected patients by binding human ACE2, leading to severe pneumonia and highly mortality rate in patients. At present, there is no definite and effective treatment for COVID-19. ACE2 plays an important role in the RAS, and the imbalance between ACE/Ang II/AT1R pathway and ACE2/Ang (1-7)/Mas receptor pathway in the RAS system will lead to multi-system inflammation. Increased ACE and Ang II are poor prognostic factors for severe pneumonia. Animal studies have shown that RAS inhibitors could effectively relieve symptoms of acute severe pneumonia and respiratory failure. The binding of COVID-19 and ACE2 resulted in the exhaustion of ACE2, and then ACE2/Ang (1-7)/Mas receptor pathway was inhibited. The balance of the RAS system was broken, and this would lead to the exacerbation of acute severe pneumonia. Therefore, we speculate that ACEI and AT1R inhibitors could be used in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia under the condition of controlling blood pressure, and might reduce the pulmonary inflammatory response and mortality.
JO  - Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 0
PG  - E014-E014
SP  - E014
EP  - E014
AN  - 32061198
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2020.0014
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32061198
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - An update on the epidemiological characteristics of novel coronavirus pneumonia（COVID-19）
AU  - Special Expert Group for Control of the Epidemic of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia of the Chinese Preventive Medicine, Association
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Through literature review and group discussion, Special Expert Group for Control of the Epidemic of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia of the Chinese Preventive Medicine Association formulated an update on the epidemiological characteristics of novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP). The initial source of the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) was the Huanan seafood market in Wuhan, Hubei province, China, with pangolins as a potential animal host. Currently the main source of infection is NCP patients, and asymptomatic carriers may also be infectious. The virus is believed transmitted mostly via droplets or contact. People are all generally susceptible to the virus. The average incubation period was 5.2 days, and the basic reproductive number R(0) was 2.2 at the onset of the outbreak. Most NCP patients were clinically mild cases. The case fatality rate was 2.38%, and elderly men with underlying diseases were at a higher risk of death. Strategies for prevention and control of NCP include improving epidemic surveillance, quarantining the source of infection, speeding up the diagnosis of suspected cases, optimizing the management of close contacts, tightening prevention and control of cluster outbreaks and hospital infection, preventing possible rebound of the epidemic after people return to work from the Chinese Spring Festival holiday, and strengthening community prevention and control.
JO  - Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 2
PG  - 139-144
SP  - 139
EP  - 144
AN  - 32057211
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2020.02.002
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32057211
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Novo coronavirus (2019 nCov) Medidas de prevenção e controle de infecção a serem adotadas na ssistência à saúde
AU  - São Paulo Secretaria da, Saúde
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10-10
SP  - 10
EP  - 10
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/p7vwg
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - History is repeating itself: Probable zoonotic spillover as the cause of the 2019 novel coronavirus epidemic
AU  - Rodriguez-Morales, A. J.
AU  - Bonilla-Aldana, D. K.
AU  - Balbin-Ramon, G. J.
AU  - Rabaan, A. A.
AU  - Sah, R.
AU  - Paniz-Mondolfi, A.
AU  - Pagliano, P.
AU  - Esposito, S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Infezioni in Medicina
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 28
IS  - 1
PG  - 3-5
SP  - 3
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2003730397
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Initial Cluster of Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Infections in Wuhan, China Is Consistent with Substantial Human-to-Human Transmission
AU  - Nishiura, Hiroshi
AU  - Linton, Natalie M.
AU  - Akhmetzhanov, Andrei R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Reanalysis of the epidemic curve from the initial cluster of cases with novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in December 2019 indicates substantial human-to-human transmission. It is possible that the common exposure history at a seafood market in Wuhan originated from the human-to-human transmission events within the market, and the early, strong emphasis that market exposure indicated animal-to-human transmission was potentially the result of observer bias. To support the hypothesis of zoonotic origin of 2019-nCoV stemming from the Huanan seafood market, the index case should have had exposure history related to the market and the virus should have been identified from animals sold at the market. As these requirements remain unmet, zoonotic spillover at the market must not be overemphasized.
JO  - J Clin Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 2
PG  - E488
SP  - E488
EP  - 
AN  - 32054045
DO  - 10.3390/jcm9020488
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32054045
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Lineamientos para la detección y manejo de casos por los prestadores de servicios de salud, frente a la eventual introducción del nuevo coronavirus (2019-ncov) a Colombia
AU  - Ministerio de Salud y Protección, Social
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Propósito: orientar a los Prestadores de Servicios de Salud del país para la detección, atención y manejo de casos sospechosos de infección causada por el nuevo Coronavirus (nCoV-2019) para disminuir el riesgo de transmisión del virus de humano a humano. Purpose: to guide the country&#039;s health care providers in the detection, care, and management of suspected cases of infection caused by the new Coronavirus (nCoV-2019) in order to reduce the risk of human-to-human transmission of the virus.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10-10
SP  - 10
EP  - 10
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.minsalud.gov.co/Ministerio/Institucional/Procesos%20y%20procedimientos/GIPS05.pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Manual de bioseguridad para prestadores de servicios de salud que brinden atención en salud ante la eventual introducción del nuevo coronavirus (nCoV-2019) a Colombia
AU  - Ministerio de Salud y Protección, Social
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objetivo: Orientar a los Prestadores de Servicios de Salud del país sobre las normas de bioseguridad que se requieren implementar, frente a casos sospechosos o confirmados del nuevo coronavirus (nCoV-2019), con el fin de disminuir el riesgo de transmisión del virus de humano a humano durante la atención. En salud, evitando la presentación de casos en trabajadores de la salud, demás personal que labore en el ámbito de atención, y en otros pacientes que se encuentren en las instalaciones del prestador de servicios de salud. Objective: To provide guidance to the country&#039;s health service providers on the biosecurity standards that need to be implemented for suspected or confirmed cases of the new coronavirus (nCoV-2019), in order to reduce the risk of human-to-human transmission of the virus during care. In health, avoiding the presentation of cases in health workers, other personnel working in the care setting, and other patients in the health service provider&#039;s facilities.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 14-14
SP  - 14
EP  - 14
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.minsalud.gov.co/Ministerio/Institucional/Procesos%20y%20procedimientos/GIPM01.pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) is a one health issue
AU  - Marty, Aileen
AU  - Jones, Malcolm K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - One Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 100123
SP  - 100123
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.onehlt.2020.100123
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S235277142030015X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus: home testing pilot launched in London to cut hospital visits and ambulance use
AU  - Mahase, Elisabeth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - People with suspected covid-19 in London are being tested in their homes as part of a pilot that was developed by doctors to stop unnecessary ambulance use and hospital visits.The community testing scheme started at the end of January at North West London NHS Trust and has now been implemented in three other trusts: University College London Hospital, St George’s University Hospital, and Guys and St Thomas’. More than 130 patients have been tested in two weeks.The home testing initiative was started by Laurence John from the infectious diseases department at Northwick Park Hospital. He told The BMJ that the need for community testing became clear after 25 London ambulances had to be taken out of …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m621
SP  - m621
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m621
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/content/368/bmj.m621.abstract
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Wuhan-like virus discovered seven years ago
AU  - MacKenzie, Debora
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 245
IS  - 3269
PG  - 9
SP  - 9
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30281-5
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920302815
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How bad will it get?
AU  - MacKenzie, Debora
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - While the coronavirus death rate may be lower than some estimates, case numbers may be far higher, reports Debora MacKenzie
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 245
IS  - 3269
PG  - 7
SP  - 7
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30278-5
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920302785
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Outbreak in 2019: Computed Tomographic Findings in Two Cases
AU  - Lin, Xiaoqi
AU  - Gong, Zhenyu
AU  - Xiao, Zuke
AU  - Xiong, Jingliang
AU  - Fan, Bing
AU  - Liu, Jiaqi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV or officially named by the World Health Organization as COVID-19) outbreak in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China in 2019, there have been a few reports of its imaging findings. Here, we report two confirmed cases of 2019-nCoV pneumonia with chest computed tomography findings of multiple regions of patchy consolidation and ground-glass opacities in both lungs. These findings were characteristically located along the bronchial bundle or subpleural lungs.
JO  - Korean J Radiol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.3348/kjr.2020.0078
SP  - 10.3348/kjr.2020.0078
EP  - 
AN  - 32056397
DO  - 10.3348/kjr.2020.0078
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32056397
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cancer patients in SARS-CoV-2 infection: a nationwide analysis in China
AU  - Liang, Wenhua
AU  - Guan, Weijie
AU  - Chen, Ruchong
AU  - Wang, Wei
AU  - Li, Jianfu
AU  - Xu, Ke
AU  - Li, Caichen
AU  - Ai, Qing
AU  - Lu, Weixiang
AU  - Liang, Hengrui
AU  - Li, Shiyue
AU  - He, Jianxing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30096-6
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470204520300966
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The prevention and control of a new coronavirus infection in department of stomatology
AU  - Li, Z. Y.
AU  - Meng, L. Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - During a short period of time, the outbreak of pneumonia caused by a novel coronavirus, named Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (NCP), was first reported in China, spreading to 24 countries and regions rapidly. The number of confirmed cases and deaths continued to rise. World Health Organization (WHO) announced that the outbreaks of the novel coronavirus have constituted a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. Efficient infection control can prevent the virus from further spreading, which makes the epidemic situation under control. Due to the specialty of oral healthcare settings, the risk of cross infection is severe among patients and oral healthcare practitioners. It's more urgent to implement strict and efficient infection control protocols. This paper, based on existing guidelines and published researches pertinent to dental infection-control principles and practices, mainly discusses epidemiological characteristics of NCP and the features of nosocomial infection in oral healthcare settings, and furthermore provides recommendations on patient's evaluation, and infection control protocols in department of stomatology under current circumstance..
JO  - Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 55
IS  - 0
PG  - E001-E001
SP  - E001
EP  - E001
AN  - 32057210
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1002-0098.2020.0001
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32057210
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pneumonia Associated with 2019 Novel Coronavirus: Can Computed Tomographic Findings Help Predict the Prognosis of the Disease?
AU  - Lee, Kyung Soo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Korean J Radiol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.3348/kjr.2020.0096
SP  - 10.3348/kjr.2020.0096
EP  - 
AN  - 32056396
DO  - 10.3348/kjr.2020.0096
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32056396
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Real-Time Estimation of the Risk of Death from Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Infection: Inference Using Exported Cases
AU  - Jung, Sung-mok
AU  - Akhmetzhanov, Andrei R.
AU  - Hayashi, Katsuma
AU  - Linton, Natalie M.
AU  - Yang, Yichi
AU  - Yuan, Baoyin
AU  - Kobayashi, Tetsuro
AU  - Kinoshita, Ryo
AU  - Nishiura, Hiroshi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The exported cases of 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infection that were confirmed outside China provide an opportunity to estimate the cumulative incidence and confirmed case fatality risk (cCFR) in mainland China. Knowledge of the cCFR is critical to characterize the severity and understand the pandemic potential of COVID-19 in the early stage of the epidemic. Using the exponential growth rate of the incidence, the present study statistically estimated the cCFR and the basic reproduction number&mdash;the average number of secondary cases generated by a single primary case in a na&iuml;ve population. We modeled epidemic growth either from a single index case with illness onset on 8 December, 2019 (Scenario 1), or using the growth rate fitted along with the other parameters (Scenario 2) based on data from 20 exported cases reported by 24 January 2020. The cumulative incidence in China by 24 January was estimated at 6924 cases (95% confidence interval [CI]: 4885, 9211) and 19,289 cases (95% CI: 10,901, 30,158), respectively. The latest estimated values of the cCFR were 5.3% (95% CI: 3.5%, 7.5%) for Scenario 1 and 8.4% (95% CI: 5.3%, 12.3%) for Scenario 2. The basic reproduction number was estimated to be 2.1 (95% CI: 2.0, 2.2) and 3.2 (95% CI: 2.7, 3.7) for Scenarios 1 and 2, respectively. Based on these results, we argued that the current COVID-19 epidemic has a substantial potential for causing a pandemic. The proposed approach provides insights in early risk assessment using publicly available data.
JO  - Journal of Clinical Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 2
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/jcm9020523
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel coronavirus pneumonia emergency in Zhuhai: impact and challenges
AU  - Jin, Hao
AU  - Lu, Ligong
AU  - Liu, Junwei
AU  - Cui, Min
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Hospital Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2020.02.005
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0195670120300517
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The First Disease X is Caused by a Highly Transmissible Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus
AU  - Jiang, Shibo
AU  - Shi, Zheng-Li
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Based on the announcement of the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2018, the Wuhan pneumonia caused by an unknown etiology should be recognized as the first Disease X. Later, the pathogen was identified to be a novel coronavirus denoted 2019-nCoV, which has 79.5% and 96% whole genome sequence identify to SARS-CoV and bat SARS-related coronavirus (SARSr-CoV-RaTG13), respectively, suggesting its potential bat origin. With high human-to-human transmission rate (R0), 2019-nCoV has quickly spread in China and other countries, resulting in 34,953 confirmed cases and 725 deaths as of 8 February 2020, thus calling for urgent development of therapeutics and prophylactics. Here we suggest renaming 2019-nCoV as “transmissible acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (TARS-CoV)” and briefly review the advancement of research and development of neutralizing antibodies and vaccines targeting the receptor-binding domain (RBD) and viral fusion inhibitors targeting the heptad repeat 1 (HR1) domain in spike protein of 2019-nCoV.
JO  - Virologica Sinica
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12250-020-00206-5
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12250-020-00206-5
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Medicinal chemistry strategies toward host targeting antiviral agents
AU  - Ji, Xingyue
AU  - Li, Zhuorong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) represent a class of drugs targeting viral proteins and have been demonstrated to be very successful in combating viral infections in clinic. However, DAAs suffer from several inherent limitations, including narrow-spectrum antiviral profiles and liability to drug resistance, and hence there are still unmet needs in the treatment of viral infections. In comparison, host targeting antivirals (HTAs) target host factors for antiviral treatment. Since host proteins are probably broadly required for various viral infections, HTAs are not only perceived, but also demonstrated to exhibit broad-spectrum antiviral activities. In addition, host proteins are not under the genetic control of viral genome, and hence HTAs possess much higher genetic barrier to drug resistance as compared with DAAs. In recent years, much progress has been made to the development of HTAs with the approval of chemokine receptor type 5 antagonist maraviroc for human immunodeficiency virus treatment and more in the pipeline for other viral infections. In this review, we summarize various host proteins as antiviral targets from a medicinal chemistry prospective. Challenges and issues associated with HTAs are also discussed. Abstract Direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) represent a class of drugs targeting viral proteins and have been demonstrated to be very successful in combating viral infections in clinic. However, DAAs suffer from several inherent limitations, including narrow-spectrum antiviral profiles and liability to drug resistance, and hence there are still unmet needs in the treatment of viral infections. In comparison, host targeting antivirals (HTAs) target host factors for antiviral treatment. Since host proteins are probably broadly required for various viral infections, HTAs are not only perceived, but also demonstrated to exhibit broad-spectrum antiviral activities. In addition, host proteins are not under the genetic control of viral genome, and hence HTAs possess much higher genetic barrier to drug resistance as compared with DAAs. In recent years, much progress has been made to the development of HTAs with the approval of chemokine receptor type 5 antagonist maraviroc for human immunodeficiency virus treatment and more in the pipeline for other viral infections. In this review, we summarize various host proteins as antiviral targets from a medicinal chemistry prospective. Challenges and issues associated with HTAs are also discussed.
JO  - Medicinal Research Reviews
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/med.21664
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/med.21664
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Full spectrum of COVID-19 severity still being depicted – Authors' reply
AU  - Gu, Xiaoying
AU  - Cao, Bin
AU  - Wang, Jianwei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30371-8
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673620303718
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Full spectrum of COVID-19 severity still being depicted &#x2013; Authors' reply
AU  - Gu, Xiaoying
AU  - Cao, Bin
AU  - Wang, Jianwei
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30371-8
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30371-8
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Letter from the Editor
AU  - Elston, Dirk M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2020.02.031
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0190962220302693
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prophylactic and therapeutic remdesivir (GS-5734) treatment in the rhesus macaque model of MERS-CoV infection
AU  - de Wit, Emmie
AU  - Feldmann, Friederike
AU  - Cronin, Jacqueline
AU  - Jordan, Robert
AU  - Okumura, Atsushi
AU  - Thomas, Tina
AU  - Scott, Dana
AU  - Cihlar, Tomas
AU  - Feldmann, Heinz
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The continued emergence of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) cases with a high case fatality rate stresses the need for the availability of effective antiviral treatments. Remdesivir (GS-5734) effectively inhibited MERS coronavirus (MERS-CoV) replication in vitro, and showed efficacy against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)-CoV in a mouse model. Here, we tested the efficacy of prophylactic and therapeutic remdesivir treatment in a nonhuman primate model of MERS-CoV infection, the rhesus macaque. Prophylactic remdesivir treatment initiated 24 h prior to inoculation completely prevented MERS-CoV-induced clinical disease, strongly inhibited MERS-CoV replication in respiratory tissues, and prevented the formation of lung lesions. Therapeutic remdesivir treatment initiated 12 h postinoculation also provided a clear clinical benefit, with a reduction in clinical signs, reduced virus replication in the lungs, and decreased presence and severity of lung lesions. The data presented here support testing of the efficacy of remdesivir treatment in the context of a MERS clinical trial. It may also be considered for a wider range of coronaviruses, including the currently emerging novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV.
JO  - Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 201922083
SP  - 201922083
EP  - 
AN  - 32054787
DO  - 10.1073/pnas.1922083117
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32054787
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Conventional respiratory support therapy for Severe Acute Respiratory Infections (SARI): Clinical indications and nosocomial infection prevention and control
AU  - Critical care committee of Chinese Association of Chest, Physician
AU  - Respiratory
AU  - critical care group of Chinese Thoracic, Society
AU  - Respiratory care group of Chinese Thoracic, Society
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) diseases (such as SARS, MERS, pH1N1) can rapidly progress to acute respiratory failure with high lethality. The outbreak of a novel coronavirus infection can lead to 15% ~ 30% patients developing into acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Respiratory support is the most important therapy for SARI patients with respiratory failure. However, respiratory support is a high skilled technology, which means inappropriate application may bring related complications and cross infection of SARI pathogens among medical staff and non-medical personnel in hospital. Therefore, it is meaningful to established a standardized indication of respiratory support and to prevent related nosocomial transmission in SARI patients.
JO  - Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 0
PG  - E015-E015
SP  - E015
EP  - E015
AN  - 32061199
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2020.0015
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32061199
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chloroquine for the 2019 novel coronavirus
AU  - Colson, Philippe
AU  - Rolain, Jean-Marc
AU  - Raoult, Didier
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 105923
SP  - 105923
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105923
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0924857920300662
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Emerging coronaviruses: Genome structure, replication, and pathogenesis
AU  - Chen, Y.
AU  - Liu, Q.
AU  - Guo, D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The recent emergence of a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), which is causing an outbreak of unusual viral pneumonia in patients in Wuhan, a central city in China, is another warning of the risk of CoVs posed to public health. In this minireview, we provide a brief introduction of the general features of CoVs and describe diseases caused by different CoVs in humans and animals. This review will help understand the biology and potential risk of CoVs that exist in richness in wildlife such as bats.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25681
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2004226036 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25681
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Department of Error: A novel coronavirus outbreak of global health concern (The Lancet (2020) 395(10223) (470–473), (S0140673620301859), (10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30185-9))
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Wang C, Horby PW, Hayden FG, Gao GF. A novel coronavirus outbreak of global health concern. Lancet 2020; published online Jan 24. https://dox.doi.org/S0140-6736(20)30185-9—In this Comment, the first sentence of the third paragraph should have read “Of the 41 patients in this cohort, 22 (55%) developed severe dyspnoea and 13 (32%) required admission to an intensive care unit, and six died.” And in the table, the title of the third row should have read “Location of first detection”. These corrections have been made to the online version as of Jan 29, 2020, and will be made to the printed version.
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10223
PG  - 496
SP  - 496
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30250-6
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2004924936 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30250-6
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Department of Error: Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China (The Lancet (2020) 395(10223) (497–506), (S0140673620301835), (10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5))
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet 2020; published online Jan 24. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5—In this Article, in Procedures, we have corrected the primer sequences for targeting the envelope gene of coronavirus; in the Summary and Data collection, we have corrected the text to reflect that the modified case record form for severe acute respiratory infection clinical characterisation was developed by WHO and the International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection Consortium (ISARIC) together; we have updated the margin link to the ISARIC–WHO case record form; we have updated the Acknowledgments; and in the tables, we updated p values (three in table 2 and one each in tables 1 and 3) so that they are all given to two significant figures. These corrections have been made to the online version as of Jan 30, 2020, and will be made to the printed version.
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10223
PG  - 496
SP  - 496
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30252-X
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2004924937 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30252-X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - China’s chemical industry shadowed by the coronavirus
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - With its escalating infections, city shutdowns, and nationwide transportation halts, the epidemic of the novel coronavirus is starting to strain China’s chemical industry. But experts see the impact as manageable and—they hope—short lived. By the afternoon of Feb. 6, more than 28,000 people in China were confirmed infected with the virus, almost 20,000 of them in the central Chinese province of Hubei. The death toll in China was 564, compared with 349 deaths in all of China from the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) virus in 2003. The government shut down travel in and out of all cities in Hubei and extended the Lunar New Year holiday until Feb. 9 or 10 for most factories nationwide. Even if the epidemic is controlled in the next few months, frozen consumption, reduced factory output, and disturbed supply chains will cut 0.1 to 0.2 percentage points from global economic growth in 2020, according
JO  - C&EN Global Enterprise
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 98
IS  - 6
PG  - 10-10
SP  - 10
EP  - 10
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1021/cen-09806-buscon1
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-09806-buscon1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of 34 children with 2019 novel coronavirus infection in Shenzhen
AU  - Wang, X. F.
AU  - Yuan, J.
AU  - Zheng, Y. J.
AU  - Chen, J.
AU  - Bao, Y. M.
AU  - Wang, Y. R.
AU  - Wang, L. F.
AU  - Li, H.
AU  - Zeng, J. X.
AU  - Zhang, Y. H.
AU  - Liu, Y. X.
AU  - Liu, L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To describe the characteristics of clinical manifestations and epidemiology of children with 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection. Methods: All 34 children with laboratory-confirmed 2019-nCoV infection by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCR through nasopharyngeal swab specimens were admitted to the Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen from January 19 to Febuary 7, 2020. Clinical data and epidemiological history of these patients were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Results: Among the 34 cases, 14 were males, and 20 were females. The median age was 8 years and 11 months. No patients had underlying diseases. There were 28 children (82%) related with a family cluster outbreak. There were 26 children (76%) with a travel or residence history in Hubei Province. These patients could be categorized into different clinical types, including 22 (65%) common cases, 9 (26%) mild cases and 3 (8.8%) asymptomatic cases. No severe or critical cases were identified. The most common symptoms were fever (17 cases, 50%) and cough (13 cases, 38% ). In the 34 cases, the white blood cell counts of 28 cases (82%) were normal. Five cases had white blood cell counts more than 10×10(9)/L. One case had white blood cell counts less than 4×10(9)/L. Neutropenia and lymphopenia was found in one case, respectively. C-reactive protein levels and erythrocyte sedimentation rates were elevated in 1 and 5 case, respectively. Elevated procalcitonin was found in 1 case and D-Dimer in 3 cases. The levels of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) were more than 400 U/L in 10 cases. The CT images of these patients showed bilateral multiple patchy or nodular ground-glass opacities and/or infiltrating shadows in middle and outer zone of the lung or under the pleura. Twenty patients were treated with lopinavir and ritonavir. Glucocorticoids and immunoglobulin were not used in any cases. All the cases improved and were discharged from hospital. Further following up was need. Conclusions: The clinical manifestations in children with 2019-nCoV infection are non-specific and are milder than that in adults. Chest CT scanning is heplful for early diagnosis. Children's infection is mainly caused by family cluster outbreak and imported cases. Family daily prevention is the main way to prevent 2019-nCoV infection.
JO  - Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 58
IS  - 0
PG  - E008-E008
SP  - E008
EP  - E008
AN  - 32062875
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1310.2020.0008
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32062875
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Challenges to the system of reserve medical supplies for public health emergencies: reflections on the outbreak of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) epidemic in China
AU  - Wang, Xu
AU  - Zhang, Xiaoxi
AU  - He, Jiangjiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - On December 31, 2019, the Wuhan Municipal Health Commission announced an outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), China is now at a critical period in the control of the epidemic. The Chinese Government has been taking a series of rapid, comprehensive, and effective prevention and control measures. As the pandemic has developed, a fact has become apparent: there is a serious dearth of emergency medical supplies, and especially an extreme shortage of personal protective equipment such as masks and medical protective clothing. This is one of the major factors affecting the progress of epidemic prevention and control. Although China has made great efforts to strengthen the ability to quickly respond to public health emergencies since the SARS outbreak in 2003 and it has clarified requirements for emergency supplies through legislation, the emergency reserve supplies program has not been effectively implemented, and there are also deficiencies in the types, quantity, and availability of emergency medical supplies. A sound system of emergency reserve supplies is crucial to the management of public health emergencies. Based on international experiences with pandemic control, the world should emphasize improving the system of emergency reserve medical supplies in the process of establishing and improving public health emergency response systems, and it should promote the establishment of international cooperative programs to jointly deal with public health emergencies of international concern in the future.
JO  - Biosci Trends
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.5582/bst.2020.01043
SP  - 10.5582/bst.2020.01043
EP  - 
AN  - 32062645
DO  - 10.5582/bst.2020.01043
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32062645
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Suggestions from ophthalmic experts on eye protection during the novel coronavirus pneumonia epidemic
AU  - Society of Public Health Ophthalmology, Chinese Preventive Medicine Association
AU  - Beijing Ophthalmological, Society
AU  - Youth Committee of Beijing Ophthalmological, Society
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 56
IS  - 0
PG  - E002-E002
SP  - E002
EP  - E002
AN  - 32061202
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0412-4081.2020.0002
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32061202
NS  - 
N1  - Vanessa Veronese (2020-02-17 23:48:40)(Screen): DOI not working; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical characteristics of 30 medical workers infected with new coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - Liu, M.
AU  - He, P.
AU  - Liu, H. G.
AU  - Wang, X. J.
AU  - Li, F. J.
AU  - Chen, S.
AU  - Lin, J.
AU  - Chen, P.
AU  - Liu, J. H.
AU  - Li, C. H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics of medical staff with novel coronavirus pneumonia(NCP). Methods: 30 patients infected with novel coronavirus referred to jianghan university hospital between January 11, 2020 and January 3, 2020 were studied. The data reviewed included those of clinical manifestations, laboratory investigation and Radiographic features. Results: The patients consisted of 10 men and 20 women, including 22 doctors and 8 nurses,aged 21~59 years(mean 35±8 years).They were divided to 26 common type and 4 severe cases, all of whom had close(within 1m) contact with patients infected of novel coronavirus pneumonia. The average contact times were 12 (7,16) and the average cumulative contact time was 2 (1.5,2.7) h.Clinical symptoms of these patients were fever in 23 patients (76.67%) , headache in 16 petients (53.33%) , fatigue or myalgia in 21patients (70%) , nausea, vomiting or diarrhea in 9 petients (30%) , cough in 25 petients (83.33%) , and dyspnea in 14 petients (46.67%) .Routine blood test revealed WBC <4.0×10(9)/L in 8 petients (26.67%) , (4-10) ×10(9)/L in 22 petients (73.33%) , and WBC>4.0×10(9)/L in 4 petients (13.33%) during the disease.Lymphocyte count <1.0×10(9)/L occurred in 12 petients (40%),abnormal liver function in 7 petients (23.33%) ,myocardial damage in 5 petients(16.67%), elevated D-dimer (>0.5mg/l) in 5 patients (16.67%). Compared with normal patients, the average exposure times, cumulative exposure time, BMI, Fever time, white blood cell count, liver enzyme, LDH, myoenzyme and D-dimer were significantly increased in severe patients, while the lymphocyte count and albumin levels in peripheral blood were significantly decreased.Chest CT mainly showed patchy shadows and interstitial changes.According to imaging examination, 11 patients (36.67%) showed Unilateral pneumonia and 19 patients (63.33%) showed bilateral pneumonia,4 patients (13.33%) showed bilateral multiple mottling and ground-glass opacity.Compared with the patients infected in the protected period, the proportion of severe infection and bilateral pneumonia were both increased in the patients infected in unprotected period. Conclusion: Medical staffs are at higher risk of infection.Infection rates are associated with contact time, the amount of suction virus. Severe patients had BMI increased, heating time prolonged , white blood cell count, lymphocyte count, D-dimer and albumin level significantly changed and were prone to be complicated with liver damage and myocardial damage.Strict protection measures is important to prevent infection for medical workers.
JO  - Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 0
PG  - E016-E016
SP  - E016
EP  - E016
AN  - 32062957
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2020.0016
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32062957
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Analysis of CT features of 15 Children with 2019 novel coronavirus infection
AU  - Feng, K.
AU  - Yun, Y. X.
AU  - Wang, X. F.
AU  - Yang, G. D.
AU  - Zheng, Y. J.
AU  - Lin, C. M.
AU  - Wang, L. F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To explore imaging characteristics of children with 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on clinical data and chest CT images of 15 children diagnosed with 2019-nCoV. They were admitted to the third people's Hospital of Shenzhen from January 16 to February 6, 2020. The distribution and morphology of pulmonary lesions on chest CT images were analyzed. Results: Among the 15 children, there were 5 males and 10 females, aged from 4 to 14 years old. Five of the 15 children were febrile and 10 were asymptomatic on first visit. The first nasal or pharyngeal swab samples in all the 15 cases were positive for 2019-nCoV nucleic acid. For their first chest CT images, 6 patients had no lesions, while 9 patients had pulmonary inflammation lesions. Seven cases of small nodular ground glass opacities and 2 cases of speckled ground glass opacities were found. After 3 to 5 days of treatment, 2019-nCoV nucleic acid in a second respiratory sample turned negative in 6 cases. Among them, chest CT images showed less lesions in 2 cases, no lesion in 3 cases, and no improvement in 1 case. Other 9 cases were still positive in a second nucleic acid test. Six patients showed similar chest CT inflammation, while 3 patients had new lesions, which were all small nodular ground glass opacities. Conclusions: The early chest CT images of children with 2019-nCoV infection are mostly small nodular ground glass opacities. The clinical symptoms of children with 2019-nCoV infection are nonspecific. Dynamic reexamination of chest CT and nucleic acid are important.
JO  - Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 58
IS  - 0
PG  - E007-E007
SP  - E007
EP  - E007
AN  - 32061200
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1310.2020.0007
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32061200
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cluster investigation Technical Guidelines for the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (COVID-19), China (1st Trial Version)
AU  - Epidemiology Working Group, Strategy
AU  - Policy Working Group for Ncip Epidemic Response, Chinese Center for Disease Control
AU  - Prevention
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 3
PG  - 293-295
SP  - 293
EP  - 295
AN  - 32061201
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2020.03.001
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32061201
NS  - 
N1  - Vanessa Veronese (2020-02-17 23:33:12)(Screen): DOI is broken; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Fight against the 2019-nCoV Outbreak: an Arduous March Has Just Begun
AU  - YOO, Jin Hong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - &lt;![CDATA[No abstract available.]]&gt;
JO  - Journal of Korean Medical Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 35
IS  - 4
PG  - 56-
SP  - 56
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - Vanessa Veronese (2020-02-17 23:55:29)(Screen): DOI  https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e56. No abstract; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Effects of misleading media coverage on public health crisis: a case of the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak in China
AU  - Wen, Jun
AU  - Aston, Joshua
AU  - Liu, Xinyi
AU  - Ying, Tianyu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - ABSTRACTThe coronavirus outbreak in Wuhan, China has sparked a global epidemic, which the World Health Organization declared a public health emergency of international concern on 31st January 2020 (Beijing time). This crisis has attracted intense media attention. Recently, some media outlets inappropriately labelled the coronavirus by race, using such headlines as ?Chinese virus pandemonium? and even suggesting ?China kids stay home.? The biased and misleading coverage presented via Western media channels has incited anger throughout the Chinese community and has placed undue stress upon Chinese individuals living outside China. This post-published review takes a tourism-focused perspective to examine findings from a quantitative study (Rodriguez-Seijas, Stohl, Hasin, & Eaton, 2015) published in 2015 in JAMA Psychiatry. The current paper highlights the potential impacts of misleading and biased media coverage on Chinese individuals? mental health. Specifically, this work considers perceived racial discrimination stemming from coronavirus as a public health crisis and the effects of such discrimination on individuals of Chinese heritage. Similarly imperative are pertinent effects on country image and destination image with respect to tourism marketing and tourist behaviour during times of crisis. By considering racism in the context of the coronavirus outbreak, this paper identifies potential avenues for relevant research in tourism and hospitality.
JO  - Anatolia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-6
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/13032917.2020.1730621
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/13032917.2020.1730621
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 2019-nCoV: new challenges from coronavirus
AU  - TIAN, Huai Yu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of pneumonia caused by the novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV in Wuhan, Hubei province of China, at the end of 2019 shaped tremendous challenges to China's public health and clinical treatment. The virus belongs to the &beta; genus Coronavirus in the family Corornaviridae, and is closely related to SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, causing severe symptoms of pneumonia. The virus is transmitted through droplets, close contact, and other means, and patients in the incubation period could potentially transmit the virus to other persons. According to current observations, 2019-nCoV is weaker than SARS in pathogenesis, but has stronger transmission competence; it's mechanism of cross-species spread might be related with angiotensin-converting enzyme &#8545; (ACE2), which is consistent with the receptor SARS-CoV. After the outbreak of this disease, Chinese scientists invested a lot of energy to carry out research by developing rapid diagnostic reagents, identifying the characters of the pathogen, screening out clinical drugs that may inhibit the virus, and are rapidly developing vaccines. The emergence of 2019-nCoV reminds us once again of the importance of establishing a systematic coronavirus surveillance network. It also poses new challenges to prevention and control of the emerging epidemic and rapidly responses on scientific research.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 0
PG  - E001-E001
SP  - E001
EP  - E001
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recommendations for general surgery clinical practice in novel coronavirus pneumonia situation
AU  - TAO, Kai xiong
AU  - ZHANG, Bi xiang
AU  - ZHANG, Peng
AU  - ZHU, Peng
AU  - WANG, Guo bin
AU  - CHEN, Xiao ping
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) is a highly infectious disease, has a long incubation period and a variety of clinical manifestations, which has a significant impact on public health and life. Afterwards, scientific and standardized work processing during the epidemic is of great significance for prevention and control. In order to implement the central government's decision-making deployment and defeat the NCP as soon as possible, we had focused on the key points in the clinical work of general surgery according to latest relevant guidelines, literature and experience in epidemic prevention. Finally, we drafted the prevention and control strategies and recommendations to make a reference for medical staff of general surgery to fight NCP.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 58
IS  - 0
PG  - E001-E001
SP  - E001
EP  - E001
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Protocolo para la atención de personas con sospechas o infección confirmada por Coronavirus (2019-nCoN)[Spanish]
AU  - Perú. Ministerio de, Salud
AU  - Dirección General de Intervenciones Estratégicas en Salud, Pública
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - El protocolo contiene definiciones de casos sospechosos, manejo de pacientes con sospecha de infección por Coronavirus, tratamiento específicos anti-Novel CoV e investigación clínica y las consideraciones especiales para pacientes embarazadas.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 14-14
SP  - 14
EP  - 14
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://docs.bvsalud.org/biblioref/2020/02/1050131/rml-040-2020-minsa.pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus latest: First infection detected in Africa
AU  - Nature
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Updates on the respiratory illness that has infected tens of thousands of people. Updates on the respiratory illness that has infected tens of thousands of people.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:10.1038/d41586-020-00154-w
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00154-w
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Incubation Period and Other Epidemiological Characteristics of 2019 Novel Coronavirus Infections with Right Truncation: A Statistical Analysis of Publicly Available Case Data
AU  - Linton, M. Natalie
AU  - Kobayashi, Tetsuro
AU  - Yang, Yichi
AU  - Hayashi, Katsuma
AU  - Akhmetzhanov, R. Andrei
AU  - Jung, Sung-mok
AU  - Yuan, Baoyin
AU  - Kinoshita, Ryo
AU  - Nishiura, Hiroshi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The geographic spread of 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infections from the epicenter of Wuhan, China, has provided an opportunity to study the natural history of the recently emerged virus. Using publicly available event-date data from the ongoing epidemic, the present study investigated the incubation period and other time intervals that govern the epidemiological dynamics of COVID-19 infections. Our results show that the incubation period falls within the range of 2&ndash;14 days with 95% confidence and has a mean of around 5 days when approximated using the best-fit lognormal distribution. The mean time from illness onset to hospital admission (for treatment and/or isolation) was estimated at 3&ndash;4 days without truncation and at 5&ndash;9 days when right truncated. Based on the 95th percentile estimate of the incubation period, we recommend that the length of quarantine should be at least 14 days. The median time delay of 13 days from illness onset to death (17 days with right truncation) should be considered when estimating the COVID-19 case fatality risk.
JO  - Journal of Clinical Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 2
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/jcm9020538
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The possibility of using Lopinave/Litonawe (LPV/r) as treatment for novel coronavirus （2019-nCov）pneumonia: a quick systematic review based on earlier coronavirus clinical studies
AU  - Jiang, Hua
AU  - Deng, Hongfei
AU  - Wang, YU
AU  - Liu, Zhan
AU  - Sun, Mingwei
AU  - Zhou, Ping
AU  - Xia, Qi
AU  - Lu, Charles Damien
AU  - Zeng, Jun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - &lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Objective&lt;/b&gt;To explore the possibility of using Lopinave/Litonawe (LPV/r) as treatment for novel coronavirus 2019-nCov pneumonia by systematically review earlier coronavirus studies.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Methods &lt;/b&gt;Systematically retrieve relevant clinical studies from Chinese and English databases such as CNKI,VIP,Wangfang Data,CBM,PubMed, Web of Science,EMBASE. In addition, information from Chinese biomedical journals, WHO, US CDC, Chinese CDC websites and the references from published relevant articles were retrieved. The inclusion period is from January 2003 to January 24, 2020. The criteria for inclusion are:(1) studies that aim to compare LPV/r and placebo/standard for SARS, MERS; (2) studies that include at least one clinical outcome; (3) studies with diagnosis criteria meeting WHO requirement on SARS or MERS; (4)data from multiple reports but originated from one study, where we extract information from all reports; (5)guidelines, includes: national or academic guidelines/experts &lsquo;consensus. The exclude criteria are: 1) only have abstracts but no full information; 2) in vitro studies. Two reviewers independently review articles and extract data on study design, patients, diagnosis criteria, regimen, and clinical outcomes (mortality, morbidity, quality of life, steroids dosage, chest image and adverse responses). &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results&lt;/b&gt;Two hundred and thirty potential article were found by screening, and narrow down to forty-four articles for evaluation and fnally four studies were included. The results of included studies indicate the early use of LPV/r regimen can reduce the mortality of SARS and MERS, and reduce steroids dosing. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions&lt;/b&gt;ILPV/r can be used as a component of experimental regimen for treat 2019-nCoV pneumonia. It strongly suggests that initiating real world studies to explore the true clinical effects of LPV/r on 2019-nCoV patients.&lt;/p&gt;
JO  - Chinese Journal of Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 29
IS  - 2
PG  - 182-186
SP  - 182
EP  - 186
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Department of Error
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10223
PG  - 496
SP  - 496
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30250-6
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673620302506
NS  - 
N1  - elizabeth mumford (2020-02-18 01:55:19)(Select): linked to #847, 7,and 999; Vanessa Veronese (2020-02-17 23:54:11)(Screen): Can't find original article. This might be a duplicate (see 847 and 999; also corrections to original Wang article). ; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Molecular and serological investigation of 2019-nCoV infected patients: implication of multiple shedding routes
AU  - Zhang, Wei
AU  - Du, Rong-Hui
AU  - Li, Bei
AU  - Zheng, Xiao-Shuang
AU  - Yang, Xing-Lou
AU  - Hu, Ben
AU  - Wang, Yan-Yi
AU  - Xiao, Geng-Fu
AU  - Yan, Bing
AU  - Shi, Zheng-Li
AU  - Zhou, Peng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) caused an outbreak in Wuhan, China, and soon spread to other parts of the world. It was believed that 2019-nCoV was transmitted through respiratory tract and then induced pneumonia, thus molecular diagnosis based on oral swabs was used for confirmation of this disease. Likewise, patient will be released upon two times of negative detection from oral swabs. However, many coronaviruses can also be transmitted through oral-fecal route by infecting intestines. Whether 2019-nCoV infected patients also carry virus in other organs like intestine need to be tested. We conducted investigation on patients in a local hospital who were infected with this virus. We found the presence of 2019-nCoV in anal swabs and blood as well, and more anal swab positives than oral swab positives in a later stage of infection, suggesting shedding and thereby transmitted through oral-fecal route. We also showed serology test can improve detection positive rate thus should be used in future epidemiology. Our report provides a cautionary warning that 2019-nCoV may be shed through multiple routes.
JO  - Emerg Microbes Infect
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
PG  - 386-389
SP  - 386
EP  - 389
AN  - 32065057
DO  - 10.1080/22221751.2020.1729071
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32065057
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - First case of neonate infected with novel coronavirus pneumonia in China
AU  - Zeng, L. K.
AU  - Tao, X. W.
AU  - Yuan, W. H.
AU  - Wang, J.
AU  - Liu, X.
AU  - Liu, Z. S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 58
IS  - 0
PG  - E009-E009
SP  - E009
EP  - E009
AN  - 32065520
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1310.2020.0009
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32065520
NS  - 
N1  - Vanessa Veronese (2020-02-18 22:42:49)(Screen): DOI not working, no abstract; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A familial cluster of infection associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating potential person-to-person transmission during the incubation period
AU  - Yu, Ping
AU  - Zhu, Jiang
AU  - Zhang, Zhengdong
AU  - Han, Yingjun
AU  - Huang, Lihong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - An ongoing outbreak of pneumonia associated with 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) was reported in China. It is unclear if the infectivity exists during the incubation period, although a person-to-person transmission has been reported in previous studies. We report the epidemiological features of a familial cluster of four patients in Shanghai, of which one was 88 years old man with moving difficulties and was only exposed to his asymptomatic family members who developed symptoms later. The epidemiological evidence has shown a potential transmission of the 2019-nCoV during the incubation period.
JO  - The Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/infdis/jiaa077
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaa077
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Timely research papers about COVID-19 in China
AU  - Xiang, Yu-Tao
AU  - Li, Wen
AU  - Zhang, Qinge
AU  - Jin, Yu
AU  - Rao, Wen-Wang
AU  - Zeng, Liang-Nan
AU  - Lok, Grace K. I.
AU  - Chow, Ines H. I.
AU  - Cheung, Teris
AU  - Hall, Brian J.
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30375-5
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30375-5
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Potent binding of 2019 novel coronavirus spike protein by a SARS coronavirus-specific human monoclonal antibody
AU  - Tian, Xiaolong
AU  - Li, Cheng
AU  - Huang, Ailing
AU  - Xia, Shuai
AU  - Lu, Sicong
AU  - Shi, Zhengli
AU  - Lu, Lu
AU  - Jiang, Shibo
AU  - Yang, Zhenlin
AU  - Wu, Yanling
AU  - Ying, Tianlei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The newly identified 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) has caused more than 11,900 laboratory-confirmed human infections, including 259 deaths, posing a serious threat to human health. Currently, however, there is no specific antiviral treatment or vaccine. Considering the relatively high identity of receptor-binding domain (RBD) in 2019-nCoV and SARS-CoV, it is urgent to assess the cross-reactivity of anti-SARS CoV antibodies with 2019-nCoV spike protein, which could have important implications for rapid development of vaccines and therapeutic antibodies against 2019-nCoV. Here, we report for the first time that a SARS-CoV-specific human monoclonal antibody, CR3022, could bind potently with 2019-nCoV RBD (KD of 6.3 nM). The epitope of CR3022 does not overlap with the ACE2 binding site within 2019-nCoV RBD. These results suggest that CR3022 may have the potential to be developed as candidate therapeutics, alone or in combination with other neutralizing antibodies, for the prevention and treatment of 2019-nCoV infections. Interestingly, some of the most potent SARS-CoV-specific neutralizing antibodies (e.g. m396, CR3014) that target the ACE2 binding site of SARS-CoV failed to bind 2019-nCoV spike protein, implying that the difference in the RBD of SARS-CoV and 2019-nCoV has a critical impact for the cross-reactivity of neutralizing antibodies, and that it is still necessary to develop novel monoclonal antibodies that could bind specifically to 2019-nCoV RBD.
JO  - Emerg Microbes Infect
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
PG  - 382-385
SP  - 382
EP  - 385
AN  - 32065055
DO  - 10.1080/22221751.2020.1729069
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32065055
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Challenges of coronavirus disease 2019
AU  - The Lancet Infectious, Diseases
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30072-4
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30072-4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Development of Genetic Diagnostic Methods for Novel Coronavirus 2019 (nCoV-2019) in Japan
AU  - Shirato, Kazuya
AU  - Nao, Naganori
AU  - Katano, Harutaka
AU  - Takayama, Ikuyo
AU  - Saito, Shinji
AU  - Kato, Fumihiro
AU  - Katoh, Hiroshi
AU  - Sakata, Masafumi
AU  - Nakatsu, Yuichiro
AU  - Mori, Yoshio
AU  - Kageyama, Tsutomu
AU  - Matsuyama, Shutoku
AU  - Takeda, Makoto
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - advpub
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7883/yoken.JJID.2020.061
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - “The disruption is enormous.” Coronavirus epidemic snarls science worldwide | Science | AAAS
AU  - Service, Robert F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Normal daily life has come to a virtual standstill in large parts of China as a result of the epidemic of COVID-19—and so has science. Universities across the country remain closed; access to labs is restricted, projects have been mothballed, field work interrupted, and travel severely curtailed. But scientists elsewhere in the world are noticing an impact as well, as collaborations with China are on pause and scientific meetings for the next five months have been canceled or postponed. The damage to science pales compared to the human suffering; the total number of cases has risen to 71,429, the World Health Organization (WHO) reported today, almost 99% of them in China, and there have been 1775 deaths. Still, for individual researchers the losses can be serious—and stressful. “Basically, everything has completely stopped,” says John Speakman, who runs an animal behavior lab at the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) in Beijing that has effectively been shut since the Lunar New Year on 25 January. “The disruption is enormous. The stress on the staff is really high.” But Speakman says he understands why the Chinese government took the measures. “It’s annoying, but I completely support what they have done,” he says.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/02/disruption-enormous-coronavirus-epidemic-snarls-science-worldwide
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronaviruses: a paradigm of new emerging zoonotic diseases
AU  - Salata, Cristiano
AU  - Calistri, Arianna
AU  - Parolin, Cristina
AU  - Palù, Giorgio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A novel type of coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infecting humans appeared in Wuhan, China, at the end of December 2019. Since the identification of the outbreak the infection quickly spread involving in one month more than 31,000 confirmed cases with 638 death. Molecular analysis suggest that 2019-nCoV could be originated from bats after passaging in intermediate hosts, highlighting the high zoonotic potential of coronaviruses.
JO  - Pathogens and Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/femspd/ftaa006
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1093/femspd/ftaa006
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How to face the novel coronavirus infection during the 2019–2020 epidemic: the experience of Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital
AU  - Pan, Lingai
AU  - Wang, Li
AU  - Huang, Xiaobo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - January 17, 2020: the Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital officially launched the 2019 influenza emergency response plan and established a leading group for influenza prevention and control. The president of Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital serves as the team leader, and its members include related departments such as the administrative department, the intensive care unit, the infectious disease department, the respiratory department, nurses, the nosocomial infection control department and the radiology department. Afterwards we established multiple working groups: the emergency team, the prevention and control team, the medical emergency team, the material security team, the publicity and education team and the information updating team. Since the transmission dynamics were unclear, establishing fever clinics, isolation wards and emergency wards were the most important measures.JO - Intensive Care Medicine
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00134-020-05964-0
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-020-05964-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The epidemiological characteristics of an outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) in China
AU  - Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Emergency Response Epidemiology, Team
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: An outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China has spread quickly nationwide. Here, we report results of a descriptive, exploratory analysis of all cases diagnosed as of February 11, 2020. Methods: All COVID-19 cases reported through February 11, 2020 were extracted from China's Infectious Disease Information System. Analyses included: 1) summary of patient characteristics; 2) examination of age distributions and sex ratios; 3) calculation of case fatality and mortality rates; 4) geo-temporal analysis of viral spread; 5) epidemiological curve construction; and 6) subgroup analysis. Results: A total of 72 314 patient records-44 672 (61.8%) confirmed cases, 16 186 (22.4%) suspected cases, 10567 (14.6%) clinical diagnosed cases (Hubei only), and 889 asymptomatic cases (1.2%)-contributed data for the analysis. Among confirmed cases, most were aged 30-79 years (86.6%), diagnosed in Hubei (74.7%), and considered mild (80.9%). A total of 1 023 deaths occurred among confirmed cases for an overall case-fatality rate of 2.3%. The COVID-19 spread outward from Hubei sometime after December 2019 and by February 11, 2020, 1 386 counties across all 31 provinces were affected. The epidemic curve of onset of symptoms peaked in January 23-26, then began to decline leading up to February 11. A total of 1 716 health workers have become infected and 5 have died (0.3%). Conclusions: The COVID-19 epidemic has spread very quickly. It only took 30 days to expand from Hubei to the rest of Mainland China. With many people returning from a long holiday, China needs to prepare for the possible rebound of the epidemic.
JO  - Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 2
PG  - 145-151
SP  - 145
EP  - 151
AN  - 32064853
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2020.02.003
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32064853
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Can Chinese Medicine Be Used for Prevention of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)? A Review of Historical Classics, Research Evidence and Current Prevention Programs
AU  - Luo, Hui
AU  - Tang, Qiao-Ling
AU  - Shang, Ya-Xi
AU  - Liang, Shi-Bing
AU  - Yang, Ming
AU  - Robinson, Nicola
AU  - Liu, Jian-Ping
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE: Since December 2019, an outbreak of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) occurred in Wuhan, and rapidly spread to almost all parts of China. This was followed by prevention programs recommending Chinese medicine (CM) for the prevention. In order to provide evidence for CM recommendations, we reviewed ancient classics and human studies. METHODS: Historical records on prevention and treatment of infections in CM classics, clinical evidence of CM on the prevention of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and H1N1 influenza, and CM prevention programs issued by health authorities in China since the COVID-19 outbreak were retrieved from different databases and websites till 12 February, 2020. Research evidence included data from clinical trials, cohort or other population studies using CM for preventing contagious respiratory virus diseases. RESULTS: The use of CM to prevent epidemics of infectious diseases was traced back to ancient Chinese practice cited in Huangdi's Internal Classic (Huang Di Nei Jing) where preventive effects were recorded. There were 3 studies using CM for prevention of SARS and 4 studies for H1N1 influenza. None of the participants who took CM contracted SARS in the 3 studies. The infection rate of H1N1 influenza in the CM group was significantly lower than the non-CM group (relative risk 0.36, 95% confidence interval 0.24-0.52; n=4). For prevention of COVID-19, 23 provinces in China issued CM programs. The main principles of CM use were to tonify qi to protect from external pathogens, disperse wind and discharge heat, and resolve dampness. The most frequently used herbs included Radix astragali (Huangqi), Radix glycyrrhizae (Gancao), Radix saposhnikoviae (Fangfeng), Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae (Baizhu), Lonicerae Japonicae Flos (Jinyinhua), and Fructus forsythia (Lianqiao). CONCLUSIONS: Based on historical records and human evidence of SARS and H1N1 influenza prevention, Chinese herbal formula could be an alternative approach for prevention of COVID-19 in high-risk population. Prospective, rigorous population studies are warranted to confirm the potential preventive effect of CM.
JO  - Chin J Integr Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1007/s11655-020-3192-6
SP  - 10.1007/s11655
EP  - 020
AN  - 32065348
DO  - 10.1007/s11655-020-3192-6
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32065348
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and corona virus disease-2019 (COVID-19): the epidemic and the challenges
AU  - Lai, Chih-Cheng
AU  - Shih, Tzu-Ping
AU  - Ko, Wen-Chien
AU  - Tang, Hung-Jen
AU  - Hsueh, Po-Ren
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - ABSTRACT Emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, previously provisionally named 2019 novel coronavirus or 2019-nCoV) disease (COVID-19) in China at the end of 2019, has caused a large global outbreak and a major public health issue. As of February 11, 2020, data from the WHO has shown that more than 43,000 confirmed cases have been identified in 28 countries/regions, with more than 99% of the cases being detected in China. On January 30, 2020, WHO has declared COVID-19 as the sixth public health emergency of international concern. The SARS-CoV-2 is closely related to two bat-derived severe acute respiratory syndrome-like coronaviruses, bat-SL-CoVZC45 and bat-SL-CoVZXC21. It is spread by human-to-human transmission via droplets or direct contact, and infection has been estimated to have mean incubation period of 6.4 days and a basic reproduction number of 2.24-3.58. Among the patients with pneumonia caused by the SARS-CoV-2 (novel coronavirus pneumonia or Wuhan pneumonia), fever was the most common symptom, followed by cough. Bilateral lung involvement with ground glass opacity was the most common finding from computerized tomography images of the chest. Although the one case of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in the United States responding well to remdesivir, which is now undergoing a clinical trial in China. Currently, controlling infection to prevent the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 is the primary intervention being used. However, public health authorities should keep monitoring the situation closely, as the more we can learn about this novel virus and its associated outbreak, the better we can respond.
JO  - International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 105924
SP  - 105924
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105924
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0924857920300674
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Politics of Disease Epidemics: a Comparative Analysis of the SARS, Zika, and Ebola Outbreaks
AU  - Kapiriri, Lydia
AU  - Ross, Alison
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Over the past few decades, disease outbreaks have become increasingly frequent and widespread. The epicenters of these outbreaks have differed, and could be linked to different economic contexts. Arguably, the responses to these outbreaks have been “political” and inherently burdensome to marginalized populations. Key lessons can be learned from exploring the narratives about the different epidemics in varying income settings. Based on a review of the published medical, social, and political literature, which was accessed using four electronic databases—PubMed, Sociological Abstracts, Scholars Portal, and Web of Science, the overall objective of this paper discuss scholars’ narratives on the “politics” of Ebola in a low-income setting, Zika virus in a middle-income setting, and SARS in a high-income setting. Various themes of the politics of epidemics were prominent in the literature. The narratives demonstrated the influence of power in whose narratives and what narratives are presented in the literature. While marginalized populations were reported to have borne the brunt of all disease outbreaks in the different contexts, the prevalence of their narratives within the reviewed literature was limited. Regardless of income setting, there is a need to give voice to the most marginalized communities during an epidemic. The experiences and narratives of those most vulnerable to an epidemic—specifically poor communities—need to be represented in the literature. This could contribute to mitigating some of the negative impact of the politics in epidemics.
JO  - Global Social Welfare
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 7
IS  - 1
PG  - 33-45
SP  - 33
EP  - 45
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s40609-018-0123-y
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s40609-018-0123-y
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Novel Coronavirus Emerges
AU  - Ena, J.
AU  - Wenzel, R. P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Rev Clin Esp
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 220
IS  - 2
PG  - 115-116
SP  - 115
EP  - 116
AN  - 32063263
DO  - 10.1016/j.rce.2020.01.001
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32063263
NS  - 
N1  - Vanessa Veronese (2020-02-18 22:26:13)(Screen): no abstract available; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pharmacotherapeutics for the New Coronavirus Pneumonia
AU  - Du, B.
AU  - Qiu, H. B.
AU  - Zhan, X.
AU  - Wang, Y. S.
AU  - Kang, H. Y. J.
AU  - Li, X. Y.
AU  - Wang, F.
AU  - Sun, B.
AU  - Tong, Z. H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The New Coronavirus Pneumonia (NCP, also named as COVID-19 by WHO on Feb 11 2020, is now causing a severe public health emergency in China since. The number of diagnosed cases is more than 40,000 until the submission of this manuscript. Coronavirus has caused several epidemic situations world widely, but the present contagious disease caused by 2019 new Coronavirus is unprecedentedly fulminating. The published cohorts of 2019 new Coronavirus (n-Cov) are single-center studies, or retrospective studies. We here share the therapeutic experiences of NCP treatment with literature review. Combination of Ribavirin and Interferon-α is recommended by the 5(th) edition National Health Commission's Regimen (Revised Edition) because of the effect on MERS (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome), and the effectiveness of Lopinavir/Ritonavir and Remdisivir needs to be confirmed by randomized controlled trial (RCT), given the situation of no specific antivirus drug on NCP is unavailable. Systemic glucocorticosteroid is recommended as a short term use (1~2 mg.kg(-1).d(-1), 3~5d ) by the 5(th) edition National Health Commission's Regimen (Revised Edition) yet RCTs are expected to confirm the effectiveness. Inappropriate application of antibiotics should be avoided, especially the combination of broad-spectrum antibiotics, for the NCP is not often complicated with bacterial infection.
JO  - Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 0
PG  - E012-E012
SP  - E012
EP  - E012
AN  - 32057209
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2020.0012
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32057209
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - When will the coronavirus outbreak peak?
AU  - Cyranoski, David
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Officials want to know but predictions vary wildly, from now to after hundreds of millions of people are infected. Officials want to know but predictions vary wildly, from now to after hundreds of millions of people are infected.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:10.1038/d41586-020-00361-5
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00361-5
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - What are we doing in the dermatology outpatient department amidst the raging of 2019-nCoV?
AU  - Chen, Yusha
AU  - Pradhan, Sushmita
AU  - Xue, Siliang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2020.02.030
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0190962220302681
NS  - 
N1  - Vanessa Veronese (2020-02-18 22:24:23)(Screen): DOI broken, no abstract available ; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The network investigation on knowledge, attitude and practice about Novel coronavirus pneumonia of the residents in Anhui Province
AU  - Chen, Y.
AU  - Jin, Y. L.
AU  - Zhu, L. J.
AU  - Fang, Z. M.
AU  - Wu, N.
AU  - Du, M. X.
AU  - Jiang, M. M.
AU  - Wang, J.
AU  - Yao, Y. S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To analyze the current situation of the knowledge, attitudes and practice about Novelcoronavirus pneumonia (NCP) of the residents in Anhui Province. Methods: Anonymous network sampling survey was carried out with an electronic questionnaire that designed by the questionnaire star, and a total of 4016 subjects from Anhui province were investigated. The content of the survey includes that the basic information of subjects,the residents' knowledge, attitudes and practice about NCP, as well as their satisfaction with the prevention and control measures adopted by the government and health authorities and the suggestions on future prevention. The questionnaire doesn't involve any privacy information, and all questions were mandatory to ensure the response rate. Results: The M (P(25), P(75)) age the 4016 subjects was 21 (19, 24), and the ranging from 7 to 80 years old. The number of males was1431(35.6%). Social networking tools such as WeChat and QQ were the main sources of epidemic information for residents (97.8%, 3 929 respondents). Residents have a high awareness rate of the main symptoms, transmission routes, using of masks, hand washing and treatment information of NCP, while a low awareness rate of the atypical symptoms. 92.6% of the subjects (n=3 720) think that the outbreak was scary. In terms of psychological behavior scores, the results showed that female (9.38±4.81), the urban (9.37±5.02) and the medical workers (10.79±5.19) had a poorer mental health than the male (8.45±5.00) , the rural (8.71±4.75) and the non-medical workers (the students: 8.85±4.83; public institude workers: 9.02±5.08; others: 8.97±5.39) (P < 0.05). 71.9% of the residents (n=2 887)were satisfied with the local epidemic control measures. The residents took various of the measures to prevent and control the epidemic. The ratio of residents that could achieve "no gathering and less going out" , "wear masks when going out" and "do not go to crowded and closed places" was up to 97.4% (n=3 913), 93.6% (n=3758) and 91.5% (n=3 673) respectively. Conclusion: The residents in Anhui province have a good KAP about NCP, yet it is necessary to strengthen the community publicity, the mental health maintenance of residents and students' health education.
JO  - Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 0
PG  - E004-E004
SP  - E004
EP  - E004
AN  - 32064854
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2020.0004
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32064854
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Structure analysis of the receptor binding of 2019-nCoV
AU  - Chen, Yun
AU  - Guo, Yao
AU  - Pan, Yihang
AU  - Zhao, Zhizhuang Joe
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 2019-nCoV is a newly identified coronavirus with high similarity to SARS-CoV. We performed a structural analysis of the receptor binding domain (RBD) of spike glycoprotein responsible for entry of coronaviruses into host cells. The RBDs from the two viruses share 72% identity in amino acid sequences, and molecular simulation reveals highly similar ternary structures. However, 2019-nCoV has a distinct loop with flexible glycyl residues replacing rigid prolyl residues in SARS-CoV. Molecular modeling revealed that 2019-nCoV RBD has a stronger interaction with angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). A unique phenylalanine F486 in the flexible loop likely plays a major role because its penetration into a deep hydrophobic pocket in ACE2. ACE2 is widely expressed with conserved primary structures throughout the animal kingdom from fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, to mammals. Structural analysis suggests that ACE2 from these animals can potentially bind RBD of 2019-nCoV, making them all possible natural hosts for the virus. 2019-nCoV is thought to be transmitted through respiratory droplets. However, since ACE2 is predominantly expressed in intestines, testis, and kidney, fecal-oral and other routes of transmission are also possible. Finally, antibodies and small molecular inhibitors that can block the interaction of ACE2 with RBD should be developed to combat the virus.
JO  - Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.02.071
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0006291X20303399
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Early containment strategies and core measures for prevention and control of novel coronavirus pneumonia in China
AU  - Chen, W.
AU  - Wang, Q.
AU  - Li, Y. Q.
AU  - Yu, H. L.
AU  - Xia, Y. Y.
AU  - Zhang, M. L.
AU  - Qin, Y.
AU  - Zhang, T.
AU  - Peng, Z. B.
AU  - Zhang, R. C.
AU  - Yang, X. K.
AU  - Yin, W. W.
AU  - An, Z. J.
AU  - Wu, D.
AU  - Yin, Z. D.
AU  - Li, S.
AU  - Chen, Q. L.
AU  - Feng, L. Z.
AU  - Li, Z. J.
AU  - Feng, Z. J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, novel coronavirus pneumonia epidemic occurred in Wuhan, Hubei Province, and spread rapidly across the country. In the early stages of the epidemic, China adopted the containment strategy and implemented a series of core measures around this strategic point, including social mobilization, strengthening case isolation and close contacts tracking management, blocking epidemic areas and traffic control to reduce personnel movements and increase social distance, environmental measures and personal protection, with a view to controlling the epidemic as soon as possible in limited areas such as Wuhan. This article summarizes the background, key points and core measures in the country and provinces. It sent prospects for future prevention and control strategies.
JO  - Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 3
PG  - 1-6
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
AN  - 32064856
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2020.03.003
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32064856
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019
AU  - Burki, Talha
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30076-1
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30076-1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Analysis of the first cluster of cases in a family of novel coronavirus pneumonia in Gansu Province
AU  - Bai, S. L.
AU  - Wang, J. Y.
AU  - Zhou, Y. Q.
AU  - Yu, D. S.
AU  - Gao, X. M.
AU  - Li, L. L.
AU  - Yang, F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The epidemiological history and clinical characteristics of 7 cases of COVID-19 and 1 case of close contact in the first family aggregation epidemic of COVID-19 in Gansu Province were analyzed. The first patient A developed on January 22, 2020, with a history of residence in Wuhan, and confirmed severe cases of NCP on January 24, 2020; patient B, on January 23, 2020, diagnosed on January 31, severe cases; patient C, asymptomatic, diagnosed on January 27; patient D, asymptomatic, diagnosed on January 27; patient E, on January 24, diagnosed on January 28; patient F, asymptomatic, diagnosed on January 31; Patient G was asymptomatic and was diagnosed on January 31. In close contact, H was asymptomatic, PCR test was negative and asymptomatic, and he was discharged early. Among the 7 patients, 1 case died of (B) aggravation, and the other patients' condition was effectively controlled after active treatment. Except for the discharged cases, 5 cases were positive for COVID-19 specific IgM antibody and 1 case was negative. In this clustering outbreak, 4 patients remained asymptomatic, but PCR and IgM antibodies were positive, indicating that asymptomatic patients may be the key point to control the epidemic. Specific IgM antibody screening for patients whose pharyngeal swab nucleic acid test is negative but with ground glass-like lung lesions is very important for early detection and early isolation.
JO  - Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 0
PG  - E005-E005
SP  - E005
EP  - E005
AN  - 32064855
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2020.0005
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32064855
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Discovery and development of safe-in-man broad-spectrum antiviral agents
AU  - Andersen, Petter I.
AU  - Ianevski, Aleksandr
AU  - Lysvand, Hilde
AU  - Vitkauskiene, Astra
AU  - Oksenych, Valentyn
AU  - Bjørås, Magnar
AU  - Telling, Kaidi
AU  - Lutsar, Irja
AU  - Dampis, Uga
AU  - Irie, Yasuhiko
AU  - Tenson, Tanel
AU  - Kantele, Anu
AU  - Kainov, Denis E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Viral diseases are one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the world. Virus-specific vaccines and antiviral drugs are the most powerful tools to combat viral diseases. However, broad-spectrum antiviral agents (BSAAs, i.e. compounds targeting viruses belonging to two or more viral families) could provide additional protection of general population from emerging and re-emerging viral diseases reinforcing the arsenal of available antiviral options. Here, we reviewed discovery and development of BSAAs and summarized the information on 119 safe-in-man agents in freely accessible database (https://drugvirus.info/). Future and ongoing pre-clinical and clinical studies will increase the number of BSAAs, expand spectrum of their indications, and identify drug combinations for treatment of emerging and re-emerging viral infections as well as co-infections.
JO  - International Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.02.018
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S120197122030076X
NS  - 
N1  - Vanessa Veronese (2020-02-18 22:16:16)(Screen): DOI broken; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Biotech start-ups hit by coronavirus work stoppages
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - s the outbreak of the new coronavirus, now officially named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), continues to mushroom, the related work stoppages in China have put a spotlight on Western biotech companies’ dependence on Chinese contract research organizations (CROs). The situation has prompted some start-ups to rethink their contingency plans—particularly when it comes to chemistry services. Biotech firms had anticipated delays related to the Lunar New Year holidays, and so far outbreak-related travel restrictions have extended that work gap by only a week. But as the virus spreads—according to Chinese authorities, as of Feb. 13, more than 60,100 people had been infected and nearly 1,400 had died, most of them in China—some biotech firms that rely on China are becoming nervous about how long their projects could be on hold. Much attention is on WuXi AppTec, the largest Chinese CRO.
JO  - C&EN Global Enterprise
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 98
IS  - 7
PG  - 13-13
SP  - 13
EP  - 13
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1021/cen-09807-buscon3
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-09807-buscon3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 中国疾病预防控制中心新型冠状病毒肺炎应急响应机制流行病学组. 新型冠状病毒肺炎流行病学特征分析
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 摘要目的 新型冠状病毒肺炎在武汉暴发流行以来，已在全国范围内蔓延。对截至2020年2月11日中国内地报告所有病例的流行病学特征进行描述和分析。 方法 选取截至2020年2月11日中国内地传染病报告信息系统中上报所有新型冠状病毒肺炎病例。分析包括：①患者特征； ②病死率；③年龄分布和性别比例；④疾病传播的时空特点； ⑤所有病例、湖北省以外病例和医务人员病例的流行病学曲线。 结果 中国内地共报告72 314例病例，其中确诊病例44 672例（61.8%），疑似病例16 186例(22.4%)，临床诊断病例10 567例（14.6%），无症状感染者889例（1.2%）。在确诊病例中，大多数年龄在30～79岁(86.6%)，湖北省(74.7%)，轻症病例为主(80.9%)。确诊病例中，死亡1 023例，粗病死率为2.3%。个案调查结果提示，疫情在2019年12月从湖北向外传播，截至2020年2月11日，全国31个省的1 386个县区受到了影响。流行曲线显示在1月23－26日左右达到峰值，并且观察到发病数下降趋势。截至2月11日，共有1 716名医务工作者感染，其中5人死亡，粗病死率为0.3%。 结论 新型冠状病毒肺炎传播流行迅速，从首次报告病例日后30 d蔓延至31个省(区/市)，疫情在1月24－26日达到首个流行峰，2月1日出现单日发病异常高值，而后逐渐下降。随着人们返回工作岗位，需积极应对可能出现的疫情反弹。
JO  - 中华流行病学杂
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 02
PG  - 145-151
SP  - 145
EP  - 151
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2020.02.003
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Countermeasures and treatment for aortic acute syndrome with novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - Si, Y.
AU  - Sun, X. F.
AU  - Zhong, M.
AU  - Yue, J. N.
AU  - Fu, W. G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) has cost a great loss to the health and economic property of Chines people. Under such a special circumstance, how to deal with such patients with acute aortic syndrome has become a serious challenge. Rapid diagnosis of concomitant NCP, safe and effective transportation, implementation of the interventional procedure, protection of vascular surgical team and postoperative management and follow-up of such patients have become urgent problems for us. Combined with the latest novel government documents, the literature and the experiences from Wuhan, we answered the above questions briefly and plainly. It also hopes to inspire the national vascular surgeons to manage critical emergencies in vascular surgery and even routine vascular diseases with NCP, as a final point to limit the severe epidemic situation, and minimize the damage of NCP.
JO  - Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 58
IS  - 0
PG  - E002-E002
SP  - E002
EP  - E002
AN  - 32066206
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-5815.2020.0002
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32066206
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recommended psychological crisis intervention response to the 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia outbreak in China: a model of West China Hospital
AU  - Zhang, Jun
AU  - Wu, Weili
AU  - Zhao, Xin
AU  - Zhang, Wei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19)epidemic has brought serious social psychological impact to the Chinese people, especially those quarantined and thus with limited access to face-to-face communication and traditional social psychological interventions. To better deal with the urgent psychological problems of people involved in the COVID-19 epidemic, we developed a new psychological crisis intervention model by utilizing internet technology. This new model, one of West China Hospital, integrates physicians, psychiatrists, psychologists and social workers into Internet platforms to carry out psychological intervention to patients, their families and medical staff. We hope this model will make a sound basis for developing a more comprehensive psychological crisis intervention response system that is applicable for urgent social and psychological problems.
JO  - Precision Clinical Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/pcmedi/pbaa006
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1093/pcmedi/pbaa006
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Evidence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Returning Travelers from Wuhan, China
AU  - Hoehl, Sebastian
AU  - Berger, Annemarie
AU  - Kortenbusch, Marhild
AU  - Cinatl, Jindrich
AU  - Bojkova, Denisa
AU  - Rabenau, Holger
AU  - Behrens, Pia
AU  - Böddinghaus, Boris
AU  - Götsch, Udo
AU  - Naujoks, Frank
AU  - Neumann, Peter
AU  - Schork, Joscha
AU  - Tiarks-Jungk, Petra
AU  - Walczok, Antoni
AU  - Eickmann, Markus
AU  - Vehreschild, Maria J. G. T.
AU  - Kann, Gerrit
AU  - Wolf, Timo
AU  - Gottschalk, René
AU  - Ciesek, Sandra
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMc2001899
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMc2001899
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Moral imperative for the immediate release of 2019-nCoV sequence data
AU  - Wu, Chung- I.
AU  - Poo, Mu-ming
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - National Science Review
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/nsr/nwaa030
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwaa030
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome
AU  - Xu, Zhe
AU  - Shi, Lei
AU  - Wang, Yijin
AU  - Zhang, Jiyuan
AU  - Huang, Lei
AU  - Zhang, Chao
AU  - Liu, Shuhong
AU  - Zhao, Peng
AU  - Liu, Hongxia
AU  - Zhu, Li
AU  - Tai, Yanhong
AU  - Bai, Changqing
AU  - Gao, Tingting
AU  - Song, Jinwen
AU  - Xia, Peng
AU  - Dong, Jinghui
AU  - Zhao, Jingmin
AU  - Wang, Fu-Sheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Respiratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30076-X
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221326002030076X
NS  - 
N1  - Qingxia Zhong (2020-04-14 22:57:26)(Included): corrected: 48074; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mental health services for older adults in China during the COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Yang, Yuan
AU  - Li, Wen
AU  - Zhang, Qinge
AU  - Zhang, Ling
AU  - Cheung, Teris
AU  - Xiang, Yu-Tao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30079-1
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2215036620300791
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Online mental health services in China during the COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Liu, Shuai
AU  - Yang, Lulu
AU  - Zhang, Chenxi
AU  - Xiang, Yu-Tao
AU  - Liu, Zhongchun
AU  - Hu, Shaohua
AU  - Zhang, Bin
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30077-8
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30077-8
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mental health care for medical staff in China during the COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Chen, Qiongni
AU  - Liang, Mining
AU  - Li, Yamin
AU  - Guo, Jincai
AU  - Fei, Dongxue
AU  - Wang, Ling
AU  - He, Li
AU  - Sheng, Caihua
AU  - Cai, Yiwen
AU  - Li, Xiaojuan
AU  - Wang, Jianjian
AU  - Zhang, Zhanzhou
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30078-X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30078-X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The first Vietnamese case of COVID-19 acquired from China
AU  - Van Cuong, Le
AU  - Giang, Hoang Thi Nam
AU  - Linh, Le Khac
AU  - Shah, Jaffer
AU  - Van Sy, Le
AU  - Hung, Trinh Huu
AU  - Reda, Abdullah
AU  - Truong, Luong Ngoc
AU  - Tien, Do Xuan
AU  - Huy, Nguyen Tien
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30111-0
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1473309920301110
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Initiation of a new infection control system for the COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Chen, Xuejiao
AU  - Tian, Junzhang
AU  - Li, Guanming
AU  - Li, Guowei
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30110-9
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30110-9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Outbreak: What The Department of Radiology Should Know
AU  - Kooraki, Soheil
AU  - Hosseiny, Melina
AU  - Myers, Lee
AU  - Gholamrezanezhad, Ali
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, a novel coronavirus pneumonia was emerged in Wuhan, China. Since then, this highly contagious coronavirus has been spreading worldwide with a rapid rise in the number of death tolls. The novel coronavirus infected pneumonia (NCIP) is characterized by fever, fatigue, dry cough and dyspnea. A variety of chest imaging features have been reported, similar to those found in other types of coronavirus syndromes. The purpose of the present review is to briefly discuss the known epidemiology and the imaging findings of coronavirus syndromes with focus on the reported imaging findings of NCIP. Moreover, we aimed to review the precautions and safety measures for radiology department personnel to manage patients with known or suspected to have NCIP. Implementation of a robust plan in the radiology department is required to prevent further transmission of the virus to patients and department staff.
JO  - Journal of the American College of Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacr.2020.02.008
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1546144020301502
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Wuhan coronavirus (2019-nCoV): The need to maintain regular physical activity while taking precautions
AU  - Chen, Peijie
AU  - Mao, Lijuan
AU  - Nassis, George P.
AU  - Harmer, Peter
AU  - Ainsworth, Barbara E.
AU  - Li, Fuzhong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Sport and Health Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 2
PG  - 103-104
SP  - 103
EP  - 104
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2020.02.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095254620300144
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Statistics-Based Predictions of Coronavirus Epidemic Spreading in Mainland China
AU  - Nesteruk, Igor
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Information about the open-access article 'Statistics-Based Predictions of Coronavirus Epidemic Spreading in Mainland China' in DOAJ. DOAJ is an online directory that indexes and provides access to quality open access, peer-reviewed journals.
JO  - Innovative Biosystems and Bioengineering
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 4
IS  - 1
PG  - 13-18
SP  - 13
EP  - 18
AN  - 
DO  - 10.20535/ibb.2020.4.1.195074
UR  - https://doaj.org/article/d0fedc6dffdf47dbbb6bf448fa4e31c2
NS  - 
N1  - Qingxia Zhong (2020-02-19 22:19:00)(Screen): DOI not found. should be:https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.02.12.20021931; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 2019 Novel coronavirus: where we are and what we know
AU  - Cheng, Zhangkai J.
AU  - Shan, Jing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - There is a current worldwide outbreak of a new type of coronavirus (2019-nCoV), which originated from Wuhan in China and has now spread to 17 other countries. Governments are under increased pressure to stop the outbreak spiraling into a global health emergency. At this stage, preparedness, transparency, and sharing of information are crucial to risk assessments and beginning outbreak control activities. This information should include reports from outbreak sites and from laboratories supporting the investigation. This paper aggregates and consolidates the virology, epidemiology, clinical management strategies from both English and Chinese literature, official news channels, and other official government documents. In addition, by fitting the number of infections with a single-term exponential model, we report that the infection is spreading at an exponential rate, with a doubling period of 1.8 days.
JO  - Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s15010-020-01401-y
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s15010-020-01401-y
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Effects of Social Media Use on Preventive Behaviors during Infectious Disease Outbreaks: The Mediating Role of Self-relevant Emotions and Public Risk Perception
AU  - Oh, Sang-Hwa
AU  - Lee, Seo Yoon
AU  - Han, Changhyun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Health Communication
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-10
SP  - 1
EP  - 10
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/10410236.2020.1724639
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2020.1724639
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Outbreak of novel coronavirus (COVID-19): What is the role of radiologists?
AU  - Kim, Hyungjin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - • Novel coronavirus (COVID-19)-infected pneumonia usually manifests as bilateral ground-glass opacities in the lung periphery on chest CT scans.
JO  - European Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00330-020-06748-2
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-020-06748-2
NS  - 
N1  - Qingxia Zhong (2020-02-19 22:02:14)(Screen): diagnostics-related; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Critical care response to a hospital outbreak of the 2019-nCoV infection in Shenzhen, China
AU  - Liu, Yong
AU  - Li, Jinxiu
AU  - Feng, Yongwen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Critical Care
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 24
IS  - 1
PG  - 56
SP  - 56
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s13054-020-2786-x
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1186/s13054-020-2786-x
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Personal knowledge on novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - Kang, Han-Yujie
AU  - Wang, Yi-Shan
AU  - Tong, Zhao-Hui
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Chin Med J (Engl)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000757
SP  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000757
EP  - 
AN  - 32068600
DO  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000757
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32068600
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The prevention and control of a new coronavirus infection in department of stomatology
AU  - LI, Zhi yong
AU  - MENG, Liu yan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - During a short period of time, the outbreak of pneumonia caused by a novel coronavirus, named Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (NCP), was first reported in China, spreading to 24 countries and regions rapidly. The number of confirmed cases and deaths continued to rise. World Health Organization (WHO) announced that the outbreaks of the novel coronavirus have constituted a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. Efficient infection control can prevent the virus from further spreading, which makes the epidemic situation under control. Due to the specialty of oral healthcare settings, the risk of cross infection is severe among patients and oral healthcare practitioners. It's more urgent to implement strict and efficient infection control protocols. This paper, based on existing guidelines and published researches pertinent to dental infection-control principles and practices, mainly discusses epidemiological characteristics of NCP and the features of nosocomial infection in oral healthcare settings, and furthermore provides recommendations on patient's evaluation, and infection control protocols in department of stomatology under current circumstance..
JO  - Chinese Journal of Stomatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 55
IS  - 0
PG  - E001-E001
SP  - E001
EP  - E001
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 2019-novel coronavirus infection in a three-month-old baby
AU  - Zhang, Yuehua
AU  - Lin, Zhang
AU  - Xiao, Meifang
AU  - Wang, Jiachong
AU  - Wei, Yong
AU  - Lei, Zhixian
AU  - Zeng, Zhenqiong
AU  - Li, Ling
AU  - Li, Hongai
AU  - Xiang, Wei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Chinese Journal of Pediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 58
IS  - 0
PG  - 006-006
SP  - 006
EP  - 006
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - First case of severe childhood novel coronavirus pneumonia in China
AU  - CHEN, Feng
AU  - LIU, Zhi sheng
AU  - ZHANG, Fu rong
AU  - XIONG, Rui hua
AU  - CHEN, Yang
AU  - CHENG, X Feng
AU  - WANG, Wen yong
AU  - REN, Jie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Chinese Journal of Pediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 58
IS  - 0
PG  - E005-E005
SP  - E005
EP  - E005
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Measuring multimorbidity beyond counting diseases: systematic review of community and population studies and guide to index choice
AU  - Stirland, Lucy E.
AU  - González-Saavedra, Laura
AU  - Mullin, Donncha S.
AU  - Ritchie, Craig W.
AU  - Muniz-Terrera, Graciela
AU  - Russ, Tom C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objectives To identify and summarise existing indices for measuring multimorbidity beyond disease counts, to establish which indices include mental health comorbidities or outcomes, and to develop recommendations based on applicability, performance, and usage.Design Systematic review.Data sources Seven medical research databases (Medline, Web of Science Core Collection, Cochrane Library, Embase, PsycINFO, Scopus, and CINAHL Plus) from inception to October 2018 and bibliographies and citations of relevant papers. Searches were limited to English language publications.Eligibility criteria for study selection Original articles describing a new multimorbidity index including more information than disease counts and not focusing on comorbidity associated with one specific disease. Studies were of adults based in the community or at population level.Results Among 7128 search results, 5560 unique titles were identified. After screening against eligibility criteria the review finally included 35 papers. As index components, 25 indices used conditions (weighted or in combination with other parameters), five used diagnostic categories, four used drug use, and one used physiological measures. Predicted outcomes included mortality (18 indices), healthcare use or costs (13), hospital admission (13), and health related quality of life (7). 29 indices considered some aspect of mental health, with most including it as a comorbidity. 12 indices are recommended for use.Conclusions 35 multimorbidity indices are available, with differing components and outcomes. Researchers and clinicians should examine existing indices for suitability before creating new ones.Systematic review registration PROSPERO CRD42017074211.
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m160
SP  - m160
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m160
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/content/368/bmj.m160.abstract
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus covid-19 has killed more people than SARS and MERS combined, despite lower case fatality rate
AU  - Mahase, Elisabeth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus that has so far spread from China to 26 countries around the world does not seem to be as “deadly as other coronaviruses including SARS and MERS,” the World Health Organization has said.At a briefing on 17 February WHO’s director general, Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, said that more than 80% of patients with covid-19 have a “mild disease and will recover” and that it is fatal in 2% of reported cases. In comparison, the 2003 outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) had a case fatality rate of around 10% (8098 cases and 774 deaths), while Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) killed 34% of people with the illness …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m641
SP  - m641
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m641
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/content/368/bmj.m641.abstract
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Breakthrough: Chloroquine phosphate has shown apparent efficacy in treatment of COVID-19 associated pneumonia in clinical studies
AU  - Gao, Jianjun
AU  - Tian, Zhenxue
AU  - Yang, Xu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BioScience Trends
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - advpub
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.5582/bst.2020.01047
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 
AU  - Shirato,Kazuya
AU  - Nao,Naganori
AU  - Katano,Harutaka
AU  - Takayama,Ikuyo
AU  - Saito,Shinji
AU  - Kato,Fumihiro
AU  - Katoh,Hiroshi
AU  - Sakata,Masafumi
AU  - Nakatsu,Yuichiro
AU  - Mori,Yoshio
AU  - Kageyama,Tsutomu
AU  - Matsuyama,Shutoku
AU  - Takeda,Makoto
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - advpub
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7883/yoken.JJID.2020.061
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - Qingxia Zhong (2020-02-20 23:53:46)(Screen): title missing; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load in Upper Respiratory Specimens of Infected Patients
AU  - Zou, Lirong
AU  - Ruan, Feng
AU  - Huang, Mingxing
AU  - Liang, Lijun
AU  - Huang, Huitao
AU  - Hong, Zhongsi
AU  - Yu, Jianxiang
AU  - Kang, Min
AU  - Song, Yingchao
AU  - Xia, Jinyu
AU  - Guo, Qianfang
AU  - Song, Tie
AU  - He, Jianfeng
AU  - Yen, Hui-Ling
AU  - Peiris, Malik
AU  - Wu, Jie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMc2001737
UR  - https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMc2001737
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak: a call for action
AU  - Zhang, Yi
AU  - Xu, Jiuyang
AU  - Li, Hui
AU  - Cao, Bin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Chest
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2020.02.014
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012369220303238
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The way to reduce the"false negative results"of 2019 novel coronavirus nucleic acid detection
AU  - Zhang, R.
AU  - Li, J. M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 100
IS  - 0
PG  - E008-E008
SP  - E008
EP  - E008
AN  - 32072795
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2020.0008
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32072795
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Enteric involvement of coronaviruses: is faecal–oral transmission of SARS-CoV-2 possible?
AU  - Yeo, Charleen
AU  - Kaushal, Sanghvi
AU  - Yeo, Danson
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-1253(20)30048-0
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468125320300480
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical findings in a group of patients infected with the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-Cov-2) outside of Wuhan, China: retrospective case series
AU  - Xu, Xiao-Wei
AU  - Wu, Xiao-Xin
AU  - Jiang, Xian-Gao
AU  - Xu, Kai-Jin
AU  - Ying, Ling-Jun
AU  - Ma, Chun-Lian
AU  - Li, Shi-Bo
AU  - Wang, Hua-Ying
AU  - Zhang, Sheng
AU  - Gao, Hai-Nv
AU  - Sheng, Ji-Fang
AU  - Cai, Hong-Liu
AU  - Qiu, Yun-Qing
AU  - Li, Lan-Juan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To study the clinical characteristics of patients in Zhejiang province, China, infected with the 2019 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2) responsible for coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-2019).Design Retrospective case series.Setting Seven hospitals in Zhejiang province, China.Participants 62 patients admitted to hospital with laboratory confirmed SARS-Cov-2 infection. Data were collected from 10 January 2020 to 26 January 2020.Main outcome measures Clinical data, collected using a standardised case report form, such as temperature, history of exposure, incubation period. If information was not clear, the working group in Hangzhou contacted the doctor responsible for treating the patient for clarification.Results Of the 62 patients studied (median age 41 years), only one was admitted to an intensive care unit, and no patients died during the study. According to research, none of the infected patients in Zhejiang province were ever exposed to the Huanan seafood market, the original source of the virus; all studied cases were infected by human to human transmission. The most common symptoms at onset of illness were fever in 48 (77%) patients, cough in 50 (81%), expectoration in 35 (56%), headache in 21 (34%), myalgia or fatigue in 32 (52%), diarrhoea in 3 (8%), and haemoptysis in 2 (3%). Only two patients (3%) developed shortness of breath on admission. The median time from exposure to onset of illness was 4 days (interquartile range 3-5 days), and from onset of symptoms to first hospital admission was 2 (1-4) days.Conclusion As of early February 2020, compared with patients initially infected with SARS-Cov-2 in Wuhan, the symptoms of patients in Zhejiang province are relatively mild.
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m606
SP  - m606
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m606
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/content/368/bmj.m606.abstract
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Open access epidemiological data from the COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Xu, Bo
AU  - Kraemer, Moritz U. G.
AU  - Gutierrez, Bernardo
AU  - Mekaru, Sumiko
AU  - Sewalk, Kara
AU  - Loskill, Alyssa
AU  - Wang, Lin
AU  - Cohn, Emily
AU  - Hill, Sarah
AU  - Zarebski, Alexander
AU  - Li, Sabrina
AU  - Wu, Chieh-His
AU  - Hulland, Erin
AU  - Morgan, Julia
AU  - Scarpino, Samuel
AU  - Brownstein, John
AU  - Pybus, Oliver
AU  - Pigott, David
AU  - Kraemer, Moritz
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30119-5
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1473309920301195
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Updated understanding of the outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019&#8208;nCoV) in Wuhan, China
AU  - Wang, Weier
AU  - Tang, Jianming
AU  - Wei, Fangqiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - To help health workers and the public recognize and deal with the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019&#8208;nCoV) quickly, effectively, and calmly with an updated understanding. A comprehensive search from Chinese and worldwide official websites and announcements was performed between 1 December 2019 and 9:30 am 26 January 2020 (Beijing time). A latest summary of 2019&#8208;nCoV and the current outbreak was drawn. Up to 24 pm, 25 January 2020, a total of 1975 cases of 2019&#8208;nCoV infection were confirmed in mainland China with a total of 56 deaths having occurred. The latest mortality was approximately 2.84% with a total of 2684 cases still suspected. The China National Health Commission reported the details of the first 17 deaths up to 24 pm, 22 January 2020. The deaths included 13 males and 4 females. The median age of the people who died was 75 (range 48&#8208;89) years. Fever (64.7%) and cough (52.9%) were the most common first symptoms among those who died. The median number of days from the occurence of the first symptom to death was 14.0 (range 6&#8208;41) days, and it tended to be shorter among people aged 70 years or more (11.5 [range 6&#8208;19] days) than those aged less than 70 years (20 [range 10&#8208;41] days; <i>P</i>&#8201;=&#8201;.033). The 2019&#8208;nCoV infection is spreading and its incidence is increasing nationwide. The first deaths occurred mostly in elderly people, among whom the disease might progress faster. The public should still be cautious in dealing with the virus and pay more attention to protecting the elderly people from the virus. <list style="bulleted" compact="yes"> <listItem><br></br>The 2019&#8208;nCoV infection is spreading and its incidence is increasing nationwide. The first occurred deaths were majorly elderly people who might have faster disease progression. Although the current mortality is lower than that of the SARS&#8208;CoV and the MERS&#8208;CoV, it seems that the 2019&#8208;nCoV is very contagious. The public should still be cautious in dealing with the virus and pay more attention to protecting the elderly people from the virus.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 92
IS  - 4
PG  - 441-447
SP  - 441
EP  - 447
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25689
UR  - https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/bpl/jmv/2020/00000092/00000004/art00008 https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25689
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Risk Management of COVID-19 by Universities in China
AU  - Wang, Chuanyi
AU  - Cheng, Zhe
AU  - Yue, Xiao-Guang
AU  - McAleer, Michael
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The rapid spread of new coronaviruses throughout China and the world in 2019&ndash;2020 has had a great impact on China&rsquo;s economic and social development. As the backbone of Chinese society, Chinese universities have made significant contributions to emergency risk management. Such contributions have been made primarily in the following areas: alumni resource collection, medical rescue and emergency management, mental health maintenance, control of staff mobility, and innovation in online education models. Through the support of these methods, Chinese universities have played a positive role in the prevention and control of the epidemic situation. However, they also face the problems of alumni&rsquo;s economic development difficulties, the risk of deadly infection to medical rescue teams and health workers, infection of teachers and students, and the unsatisfactory application of information technology in resolving the crisis. In response to these risks and emergency problems, we propose some corresponding solutions for public dissemination, including issues related to medical security, emergency research, professional assistance, positive communication, and hierarchical information-based teaching.
JO  - Journal of Risk and Financial Management
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 13
IS  - 2
PG  - 36
SP  - 36
EP  - 
AN  - doi:10.3390/jrfm13020036
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/1911-8074/13/2/36
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: a puzzle with many missing pieces
AU  - Vetter, Pauline
AU  - Eckerle, Isabella
AU  - Kaiser, Laurent
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Better information on epidemiology, pathogenesis, and treatments are urgent prioritiesBy 15 February 2020, 51 800 cases of the novel coronavirus disease (formerly known as 2019-nCoV and renamed covid-19), including more than 1600 deaths, had been confirmed in China, mainly in Hubei province. A further 526 laboratory confirmed cases have been reported across 25 other countries.1 As is usual in the early phase of a disease outbreak, the alarm was raised as a result of the most severe cases, and the first reports describe severe pneumonia in patients admitted to hospital.2In a linked paper, Xu and colleagues (doi:10.1136/bmj.m606) report a case series of 62 patients (median age 41 years) admitted to hospital in the Zhejiang province with laboratory confirmed infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus responsible for covid-19.3 All the patients presented with respiratory symptoms, fever or flu-like illness, or both, and all had travelled to Wuhan or been in contact with a patient with confirmed covid-19 while staying in Wuhan. All but one had radiologically confirmed pneumonia, but only one patient was subsequently admitted to an intensive care unit …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m627
SP  - m627
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m627
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/content/368/bmj.m627.abstract
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Abnormal Coagulation parameters are associated with poor prognosis in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - Tang, Ning
AU  - Li, Dengju
AU  - Wang, Xiong
AU  - Sun, Ziyong
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Background In the recent outbreak of novel coronavirus infection in Wuhan, China, significantly abnormal coagulation parameters in severe novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) cases were a concern. Objectives To describe the coagulation feature of patients with NCP. Methods Conventional coagulation results and outcomes of consecutive 183 patients with confirmed NCP in Tongji hospital were retrospectively analysed. Results The overall mortality was 11.5%, the non-survivors revealed significantly higher D-dimer and fibrin degradation product (FDP) levels, longer prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time compared to survivors on admission (P<0.05). 71.4% of non-survivors and 0.6% survivors met the criteria of disseminated intravascular coagulation during their hospital stay. Conclusions The present study shows that abnormal coagulation results, especially markedly elevated D-dimer and FDP are common in deaths with NCP.
JO  - Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jth.14768
UR  - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/jth.14768
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Avoid stigmatizing names for 2019 novel coronavirus
AU  - Shu, Lele
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 578
IS  - 7795
PG  - 363-363
SP  - 363
EP  - 363
AN  - 32071450
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00458-x
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32071450
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus and the race to distribute reliable diagnostics
AU  - Sheridan, Cormac
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - International teams worked at speed to make tests for the virus available in record time. International teams worked at speed to make tests for the virus available in record time.
JO  - Nature Biotechnology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:10.1038/d41587-020-00002-2
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41587-020-00002-2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Asymptomatic cases in a family cluster with SARS-CoV-2 infection
AU  - Pan, Xingfei
AU  - Chen, Dexiong
AU  - Xia, Yong
AU  - Wu, Xinwei
AU  - Li, Tangsheng
AU  - Ou, Xueting
AU  - Zhou, Liyang
AU  - Liu, Jing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30114-6
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1473309920301146
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Health protection guideline of mobile cabin hospitals during Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (NPC) outbreak
AU  - Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Emergency Response Key Places, Protection
AU  - Disinfection Technology Team, Chinese Center for Disease Control
AU  - Prevention
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This guideline is applicable to the health protection requirements of large indoor stadiums which are reconstructed as treatment sites for the Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (NPC) patients with mild symptoms during the outbreak. Focusing on the health emergency scenario of severe virus infectious diseases and atypical places where NPC patients with mild symptom gather, from perspectives of functional zones, hygiene facilities, personal protection, and management system, health risk protection recommendations and countermeasures are comprehensively proposed to mainly protect staffs and surrounding environment. The implementation of this guideline will provide technique support for emergency requirements of indoor stadiums reconstructed as mobile cabin hospitals.
JO  - Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 0
PG  - E006-E006
SP  - E006
EP  - E006
AN  - 32072919
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20200217-00121
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32072919
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Health protection guideline of passenger transport stations and transportation facilities during novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) outbreak
AU  - Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Emergency Response Key Places, Protection
AU  - Disinfection Technology Team, Chinese Center for Disease Control
AU  - Prevention
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - During the coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) outbreak, the transportation industries are faced with the more burdensome tasks of outbreak prevention and control as well as ensuring smooth transportation. It is important to organize transportation in order to restore the order of production and life, ensure the normal economic and social operation, and control the outbreak in the whole society. From the perspective of health, this guideline puts forward technical requirements on the operation management, personnel requirements and health protection of passenger transportation places such as aviation, railway, subway, bus, taxi, ship, etc., which reduces the impact of the NCP outbreak on the transportation industry and personal health risks.
JO  - Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 0
PG  - E007-E007
SP  - E007
EP  - E007
AN  - 32072920
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20200217-00130
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32072920
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Scientist decries ‘completely chaotic’ conditions on cruise ship Japan quarantined after viral outbreak | Science | AAAS
AU  - Normile, Dennis
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - SHARE Share on facebook 80 Share on twitter Share on linkedin Share on reddit 3 Share on mailto A port security officer at the Diamond Princess in Yokohama, Japan’s port. Passengers who tested negative for the coronavirus began to leave the cruise ship today. EUGENE HOSHIKO/AP Scientist decries ‘completely chaotic’ conditions on cruise ship Japan quarantined after viral outbreak By Dennis NormileFeb. 19, 2020 , 2:45 PM A Japanese infectious disease specialist has harshly criticized the way Japan’s government has handled the COVID-19 crisis aboard a luxury cruise ship docked in Yokohama. Conditions on board the Diamond Princess were “violating all infection control principles” and “completely chaotic,” the scientist, Kentaro Iwata of Kobe University, said in a YouTube video posted on Tuesday evening. His claims are inflaming an already intense debate over Japan’s handling of the crisis. Scientists have also faulted the slow release of epidemiological data about the ship that could help control efforts elsewhere.
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PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/02/scientist-decries-completely-chaotic-conditions-cruise-ship-japan-quarantined-after
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Virus against virus: a potential treatment for 2019-nCov (SARS-CoV-2) and other RNA viruses
AU  - Nguyen, Tuan M.
AU  - Zhang, Yang
AU  - Pandolfi, Pier Paolo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Cell Res
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1038/s41422-020-0290-0
SP  - 10.1038/s41422
EP  - 020
AN  - 32071427
DO  - 10.1038/s41422-020-0290-0
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32071427
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronaviruses in animals and humans
AU  - Ng, Lisa F. P.
AU  - Hiscox, Julian A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Controlling outbreaks will require detailed knowledge of their biology and behaviourCoronaviruses have been around for many years and were first discovered in the 1960s. They include viruses contributing to the common cold (HCoV-229E) and a variety of animal and avian coronaviruses, such as infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), which infects poultry. Coronaviruses typically cause respiratory or gastrointestinal illness, but strains of IBV have been shown to target the oviduct in chickens, and others can cause severe kidney disease.Animal and avian coronaviruses can have high mortality rates among infected animals and illustrate the difficulties in developing vaccines. Similar to influenza viruses, despite many decades of research there is no vaccine that protects against all strains of IBV coronavirus. This is due in part to the continuously shifting diversity in the virus spike glycoprotein, a major immunogenic target and hence a good vaccine candidate for animal and human infections.During the mid-1990s these viruses were described as the backwater of virology, since none caused serious disease in humans. However, this changed in 2002-03 with …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m634
SP  - m634
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m634
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/content/368/bmj.m634.abstract
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Letter from China: covid-19 on the grapevine, on the internet, and in commerce
AU  - Mowbray, Heather
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In medically murky times in China, people are turning to rumour, hope, and faith to protect themselves from the new coronavirus. In Beijing, Heather Mowbray is hearing all sorts of stories about how to stop the virus—but scientific evidence for the advice is woefully absentHere’s one example of the ideas floating around in China. Radio Free Asia reported that a Tibetan man named Tse was encouraging people to recite and forward a Buddhist prayer as a safeguard against the new coronavirus, covid-19. He was arrested for his efforts. Spreading rumours can land you in jail for seven years.Community imposed social isolation means that everyone has plenty of time to read the latest news and advice online. Children have web based schooling, and adults do their searches from the kitchen table. The news aggregator Jinri Toutiao has leapt to the top of the app download list in the past month. …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m643
SP  - m643
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m643
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/content/368/bmj.m643.abstract
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Bat-borne viruses in Africa: a critical review
AU  - Markotter, W.
AU  - Coertse, J.
AU  - De Vries, L.
AU  - Geldenhuys, M.
AU  - Mortlock, M.
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract In Africa, bat-borne zoonoses emerged in the past few decades resulting in large outbreaks or just sporadic spillovers. In addition, hundreds of more viruses are described without any information on zoonotic potential. We discuss important characteristics of bats including bat biology, evolution, distribution and ecology that not only make them unique among most mammals but also contribute to their potential as viral reservoirs. The detection of a virus in bats does not imply that spillover will occur and several biological, ecological and anthropogenic factors play a role in such an event. We summarize and critically analyse the current knowledge on African bats as reservoirs for corona-, filo-, paramyxo- and lyssaviruses. We highlight that important information on epidemiology, bat biology and ecology is often not available to make informed decisions on zoonotic spillover potential. Even if knowledge gaps exist, it is still important to recognize the role of bats in zoonotic disease outbreaks and implement mitigation strategies to prevent exposure to infectious agents including working safely with bats. Equally important is the crucial role of bats in various ecosystem services. This necessitates a multidisciplinary One Health approach to close knowledge gaps and ensure the development of responsible mitigation strategies to not only minimize risk of infection but also ensure conservation of the species.
JO  - Journal of Zoology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jzo.12769
UR  - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/jzo.12769
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Defining the Epidemiology of Covid-19 — Studies Needed
AU  - Lipsitch, Marc
AU  - Swerdlow, David L.
AU  - Finelli, Lyn
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMp2002125
UR  - https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMp2002125
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Traditional chinese medicine is a resource for drug discovery against 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2)
AU  - Ling, Chang-quan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Integrative Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joim.2020.02.004
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095496420300145
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The neglected health of international migrant workers in the COVID-19 epidemic
AU  - Liem, Andrian
AU  - Wang, Cheng
AU  - Wariyanti, Yosa
AU  - Latkin, Carl A.
AU  - Hall, Brian J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30076-6
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2215036620300766
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Potential of large &#8220;first generation&#8221; human&#8208;to&#8208;human transmission of 2019&#8208;nCoV
AU  - Li, Xingguang
AU  - Zai, Junjie
AU  - Wang, Xiaomei
AU  - Li, Yi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - To investigate the genetic diversity, time origin, and evolutionary history of the 2019&#8208;nCoV outbreak in China and Thailand, a total of 12 genome sequences of the virus with known sampling date (24 December 2019 and 13 January 2020) and geographic location (primarily Wuhan city, Hubei Province, China, but also Bangkok, Thailand) were analyzed. Phylogenetic and likelihood&#8208;mapping analyses of these genome sequences were performed. On the basis of our results, the star&#8208;like signal and topology of 2019&#8208;nCoV may be indicative of potentially large &#8220;first generation&#8221; human&#8208;to&#8208;human virus transmission. We estimated that 2019&#8208;nCoV likely originated in Wuhan on 9 November 2019 (95% credible interval: 25 September 2019 and 19 December 2019), and that Wuhan is the major hub for the spread of the 2019&#8208;nCoV outbreak in China and elsewhere. Our results could be useful for designing effective prevention strategies for 2019&#8208;nCoV in China and beyond. <list style="bulleted" compact="yes"> <listItem><br></br>On the basis of our results in the present study, the star&#8208;like signal and topology of 2019&#8208;nCoV may be indicative of potentially large &#8220;first generation&#8221; human&#8208;to&#8208;human virus transmission. We estimated that 2019&#8208;nCoV likely originated in Wuhan on 9 November 2019 (95% Bayesian credible interval: 25 September 2019 and 19 December 2019). Future study should include comparative analyses of between&#8208;host and within&#8208;host transmission of 2019&#8208;nCOV, and finer scale epidemiology to elucidate the transmission dynamics of different hosts through time and space. However, we acknowledge that the estimates presented here relate only to a limited number of 2019&#8208;nCOV genome sequences and our results are estimated with some uncertainty. Therefore, our conclusions should be considered preliminary and explained with caution. Our results could be useful for designing effective prevention strategies for 2019&#8208;nCoV in China and beyond.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 92
IS  - 4
PG  - 448-454
SP  - 448
EP  - 454
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25693
UR  - https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/bpl/jmv/2020/00000092/00000004/art00009 https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25693
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Host Factors Affecting Generation of Immunity Against Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus in Pregnant and Lactating Swine and Passive Protection of Neonates
AU  - Langel, Stephanie N.
AU  - Wang, Qiuhong
AU  - Vlasova, Anastasia N.
AU  - Saif, Linda J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a highly virulent re-emerging enteric coronavirus that causes acute diarrhea, dehydration, and up to 100% mortality in neonatal suckling piglets. Despite this, a safe and effective PEDV vaccine against highly virulent strains is unavailable, making PEDV prevention and control challenging. Lactogenic immunity induced via the gut-mammary gland-secretory IgA (sIgA) axis, remains the most promising and effective way to protect suckling piglets from PEDV. Therefore, a successful PEDV vaccine must induce protective maternal IgA antibodies that passively transfer into colostrum and milk. Identifying variables that influence lymphocyte migration and IgA secretion during gestation and lactation is imperative for designing maternal immunization strategies that generate the highest amount of lactogenic immune protection against PEDV in suckling piglets. Because pregnancy-associated immune alterations influence viral pathogenesis and adaptive immune responses in many different species, a better understanding of host immune responses to PEDV in pregnant swine may translate into improved maternal immunization strategies against enteric pathogens for multiple species. In this review, we discuss the role of host factors during pregnancy on antiviral immunity and their implications for generating protective lactogenic immunity in suckling neonates.
JO  - Pathogens
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 2
PG  - 130
SP  - 130
EP  - 
AN  - doi:10.3390/pathogens9020130
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/9/2/130
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Updates on Wuhan 2019 novel coronavirus epidemic
AU  - Kofi Ayittey, Foster
AU  - Dzuvor, Christian
AU  - Kormla Ayittey, Matthew
AU  - Bennita Chiwero, Nyasha
AU  - Habib, Ahmed
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 92
IS  - 4
PG  - 403-407
SP  - 403
EP  - 407
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25695
UR  - https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/bpl/jmv/2020/00000092/00000004/art00003 https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25695
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Four ways researchers are responding to the COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Keener, Amanda B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - How did researchers react so quickly to the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic? Nature Medicine has asked some key experts. How did researchers react so quickly to the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic? Nature Medicine has asked some key experts.
JO  - Nature Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:10.1038/d41591-020-00002-4
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41591-020-00002-4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A distinct name is needed for the new coronavirus
AU  - Jiang, Shibo
AU  - Shi, Zhengli
AU  - Shu, Yuelong
AU  - Song, Jingdong
AU  - Gao, George F.
AU  - Tan, Wenjie
AU  - Guo, Deyin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30419-0
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673620304190
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cross&#8208;species transmission of the newly identified coronavirus 2019&#8208;nCoV
AU  - Ji, Wei
AU  - Wang, Wei
AU  - Zhao, Xiaofang
AU  - Zai, Junjie
AU  - Li, Xingguang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The current outbreak of viral pneumonia in the city of Wuhan, China, was caused by a novel coronavirus designated 2019&#8208;nCoV by the World Health Organization, as determined by sequencing the viral RNA genome. Many initial patients were exposed to wildlife animals at the Huanan seafood wholesale market, where poultry, snake, bats, and other farm animals were also sold. To investigate possible virus reservoir, we have carried out comprehensive sequence analysis and comparison in conjunction with relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU) bias among different animal species based on the 2019&#8208;nCoV sequence. Results obtained from our analyses suggest that the 2019&#8208;nCoV may appear to be a recombinant virus between the bat coronavirus and an origin&#8208;unknown coronavirus. The recombination may occurred within the viral spike glycoprotein, which recognizes a cell surface receptor. Additionally, our findings suggest that 2019&#8208;nCoV has most similar genetic information with bat coronovirus and most similar codon usage bias with snake. Taken together, our results suggest that homologous recombination may occur and contribute to the 2019&#8208;nCoV cross&#8208;species transmission. <list style="bulleted" compact="yes"> <listItem><br></br>Taken together, our results suggest that homologous recombination may occur and contribute to the 2019&#8208;nCoV cross&#8208;species transmission.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 92
IS  - 4
PG  - 433-440
SP  - 433
EP  - 440
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25682
UR  - https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/bpl/jmv/2020/00000092/00000004/art00007 https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25682
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Taiwan: Reports of two cases from Wuhan, China
AU  - Huang, Wei-Hsuan
AU  - Teng, Ling-Chiao
AU  - Yeh, Ting-Kuang
AU  - Chen, Yu-Jen
AU  - Lo, Wei-Jung
AU  - Wu, Ming-Ju
AU  - Chin, Chun-Shih
AU  - Tsan, Yu-Tse
AU  - Lin, Tzu-Chieh
AU  - Chai, Jyh-Wen
AU  - Lin, Chin-Fu
AU  - Tseng, Chien-Hao
AU  - Liu, Chia-Wei
AU  - Wu, Chi-Mei
AU  - Chen, Po-Yen
AU  - Shi, Zhi-Yuan
AU  - Liu, Po-Yu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We reported two cases with community-acquired pneumonia caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) who returned from Wuhan, China in January, 2020. The reported cases highlight non-specific clinical presentations of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) as well as the importance of rapid laboratory-based diagnosis.
JO  - Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2020.02.009
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1684118220300372
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Frontiers in antiviral therapy and immunotherapy
AU  - Heaton, Steven M
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical & Translational Immunology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 2
PG  - e1115
SP  - e1115
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/cti2.1115
UR  - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/cti2.1115
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - First Atypical case of 2019 novel coronavirus in Yan'an, China
AU  - Hao, Wendong
AU  - Li, Manxiang
AU  - Huang, Xiaoqi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical Microbiology and Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2020.02.011
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1198743X20300914
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The course of clinical diagnosis and treatment of a case infected with coronavirus disease 2019
AU  - Han, Wenzheng
AU  - Quan, Bin
AU  - Guo, Wei
AU  - Zhang, Jun
AU  - Lu, Yong
AU  - Feng, Gang
AU  - Wu, Qiwen
AU  - Fang, Fang
AU  - Cheng, Long
AU  - Jiao, Nanlin
AU  - Li, Xiaoning
AU  - Chen, Qing
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract A pneumonia outbreak caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which was first identified in Wuhan, present a major threat to public health since December 2019. There are more than 50,000 confirmed cases and 1300 dead cases worldwide for the past month or more, because of the occurrence of a highly contagious performance. Patients had clinical manifestations of fever, cough, shortness of breath, diarrhea, vomiting and so on. We herein report a case of SARS-CoV-2, describe the epidemic history, clinical diagnosis and the changes of clinical parameters during the combination therapy. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25711
UR  - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/jmv.25711
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Antibodies to Coronaviruses Are Higher in Older Compared with Younger Adults and Binding Antibodies Are More Sensitive than Neutralizing Antibodies in Identifying Coronavirus-Associated Illnesses
AU  - Gorse, Geoffrey J.
AU  - Donovan, Mary M.
AU  - Patel, Gira B.
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - ABSTRACT Problem Human coronaviruses (HCoV) are common causes of respiratory illnesses (RI) despite pre-existing humoral immunity. Methods Sera were obtained near onset of RI and 3 to 4 weeks later as part of a prospective study of 200 subjects evaluated for RI from 2009 to 2013. Antibodies against common HCoV strains were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and neutralization assay comparing older adults with cardiopulmonary diseases (99 subjects) to younger, healthy adults (101 subjects). Virus shedding was detected in respiratory secretions by polymerase chain reaction. Results Of 43 HCoV-associated illnesses, 15 (35%) occurred in 14 older adults (aged ≥ 60 years) and 28 (65%) in 28 younger adults (aged 21 to 40 years). Binding and neutralizing antibodies were higher in older adults. Only 16 (35.7%) of RI with increases in binding antibodies also had increases in neutralizing antibodies to HCoV. Increases in binding antibodies with RI were more frequent than increased neutralizing antibodies and virus shedding, and more frequent in younger compared to older adults. Conclusions Functional neutralizing antibodies were not stimulated as often as binding antibodies, explaining in part a susceptibility to reinfection with HCoV. Monitoring binding antibodies may be more sensitive for serologic detection of HCoV infections. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25715
UR  - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/jmv.25715
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Rigidity of the Outer Shell Predicted by a Protein Intrinsic Disorder Model Sheds Light on the COVID-19 (Wuhan-2019-nCoV) Infectivity
AU  - Goh, Gerard Kian-Meng
AU  - Dunker, A. Keith
AU  - Foster, James A.
AU  - Uversky, Vladimir N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The world is currently witnessing an outbreak of a new coronavirus spreading quickly across China and affecting at least 24 other countries. With almost 65,000 infected, a worldwide death toll of at least 1370 (as of 14 February 2020), and with the potential to affect up to two-thirds of the world population, COVID-19 is considered by the World Health Organization (WHO) to be a global health emergency. The speed of spread and infectivity of COVID-19 (also known as Wuhan-2019-nCoV) are dramatically exceeding those of the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV). In fact, since September 2012, the WHO has been notified of 2494 laboratory-confirmed cases of infection with MERS-CoV, whereas the 2002&ndash;2003 epidemic of SARS affected 26 countries and resulted in more than 8000 cases. Therefore, although SARS, MERS, and COVID-19 are all the result of coronaviral infections, the causes of the coronaviruses differ dramatically in their transmissibility. It is likely that these differences in infectivity of coronaviruses can be attributed to the differences in the rigidity of their shells which can be evaluated using computational tools for predicting intrinsic disorder predisposition of the corresponding viral proteins.
JO  - Biomolecules
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 10
IS  - 2
PG  - 331
SP  - 331
EP  - 
AN  - doi:10.3390/biom10020331
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/10/2/331
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Sensitivity of Chest CT for COVID-19: Comparison to RT-PCR
AU  - Fang, Yicheng
AU  - Zhang, Huangqi
AU  - Xie, Jicheng
AU  - Lin, Minjie
AU  - Ying, Lingjun
AU  - Pang, Peipei
AU  - Ji, Wenbin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 200432-200432
SP  - 200432
EP  - 200432
AN  - 32073353
DO  - 10.1148/radiol.2020200432
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32073353
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Changes of CT Findings in a 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) pneumonia patient
AU  - Fang, Xin
AU  - Zhao, Ming
AU  - Li, Shuang
AU  - Yang, Lanqing
AU  - Wu, Bing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - QJM
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - hcaa038
SP  - hcaa038
EP  - 
AN  - 32073631
DO  - 10.1093/qjmed/hcaa038
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32073631
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Latest updates on COVID-19 from the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
AU  - Eurosurveillance Editorial, Team
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Euro Surveill
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 25
IS  - 6
PG  - 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.6.2002131
SP  - 10.2807/1560
EP  - 7917.ES.2020.25.6.2002131
AN  - 32070466
DO  - 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.6.2002131
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32070466
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - What did we learn from Tamiflu?
AU  - Dyer, Owen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Ten years after questions were first raised over its effectiveness, Owen Dyer charts the fortunes of this blockbuster pill and finds that lack of evidence has not dented its successGovernments cannot calm earthquakes, bottle up volcanoes, or hold back tsunamis—they may not even be able to put out wildfires—but one disaster they do claim to have power over is a flu epidemic. Since the first pandemic scare of this century, H5N1 avian influenza in 2004 (see timeline, box 1), governments have been stockpiling the neuraminidase inhibitors zanamivir (Relenza) and especially oseltamivir (Tamiflu), in vast quantities.Box 1 Oseltamivir and pandemic flu preparedness—key events 2003—US adds oseltamivir to its strategic national stockpile2004—First outbreak of H5N1 avian flu in humans2005—UK announces it will stockpile 14 million doses of oseltamivir2006—Cochrane review concludes that oseltamivir reduces complications and symptoms in seasonal flu2009—H1N1 swine flu pandemic declared by WHO2009—The BMJ publishes critical Cochrane update review of oseltamivir2011—FOI request results in European Medicines Agency releasing 20 000 pages of oseltamivir data2013—GSK and Roche release trial data on zanamivir and oseltamivir2014—Cochrane review finds insufficient evidence that oseltamivir reduces lower respiratory complications or impedes transmission2016—Generic formulations of oseltamivir become available2017—WHO downgrades status of oseltamivir2020—Cochrane team member Thomas Jefferson sues Roche in US for wrongfully billing public health authorities for oseltamivir as a pandemic response drugRETURN TO TEXTThe UK, the US, and many other countries hold enough stocks of these antivirals to offer courses of treatment to a quarter of their population. The practice is almost ubiquitous in rich countries. Of 28 European states that have published a pandemic response plan, all but one (Poland) make oseltamivir the mainstay of their response until a vaccine can be developed.In the public mind, and the minds of politicians, the flu pandemic problem is one that has …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m626
SP  - m626
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m626
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/content/368/bmj.m626.abstract
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Psychological interventions for people affected by the COVID-19 epidemic
AU  - Duan, Li
AU  - Zhu, Gang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30073-0
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2215036620300730
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - An interactive web-based dashboard to track COVID-19 in real time
AU  - Dong, Ensheng
AU  - Du, Hongru
AU  - Gardner, Lauren
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30120-1
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1473309920301201
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Scientists ‘strongly condemn’ rumors and conspiracy theories about origin of coronavirus outbreak | Science | AAAS
AU  - Cohen, Jon
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A group of 27 prominent public health scientists from outside China is pushing back against a steady stream of stories and even a scientific paper suggesting a laboratory in Wuhan, China, may be the origin of the outbreak of COVID-19. “The rapid, open, and transparent sharing of data on this outbreak is now being threatened by rumours and misinformation around its origins,” the scientists, from nine countries, write in a statement published online by The Lancet yesterday
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AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/02/scientists-strongly-condemn-rumors-and-conspiracy-theories-about-origin-coronavirus
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Statement in support of the scientists, public health professionals, and medical professionals of China combatting COVID-19
AU  - Calisher, Charles
AU  - Carroll, Dennis
AU  - Colwell, Rita
AU  - Corley, Ronald B.
AU  - Daszak, Peter
AU  - Drosten, Christian
AU  - Enjuanes, Luis
AU  - Farrar, Jeremy
AU  - Field, Hume
AU  - Golding, Josie
AU  - Gorbalenya, Alexander
AU  - Haagmans, Bart
AU  - Hughes, James M.
AU  - Karesh, William B.
AU  - Keusch, Gerald T.
AU  - Lam, Sai Kit
AU  - Lubroth, Juan
AU  - Mackenzie, John S.
AU  - Madoff, Larry
AU  - Mazet, Jonna
AU  - Palese, Peter
AU  - Perlman, Stanley
AU  - Poon, Leo
AU  - Roizman, Bernard
AU  - Saif, Linda
AU  - Subbarao, Kanta
AU  - Turner, Mike
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30418-9
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673620304189
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Antivirals in medical biodefense
AU  - Bugert, J. J.
AU  - Hucke, F.
AU  - Zanetta, P.
AU  - Bassetto, M.
AU  - Brancale, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The viruses historically implicated or currently considered as candidates for misuse in bioterrorist events are poxviruses, filoviruses, bunyaviruses, orthomyxoviruses, paramyxoviruses and a number of arboviruses causing encephalitis, including alpha- and flaviviruses. All these viruses are of concern for public health services when they occur in natural outbreaks or emerge in unvaccinated populations. Recent events and intelligence reports point to a growing risk of dangerous biological agents being used for nefarious purposes. Public health responses effective in natural outbreaks of infectious disease may not be sufficient to deal with the severe consequences of a deliberate release of such agents. One important aspect of countermeasures against viral biothreat agents are the antiviral treatment options available for use in post-exposure prophylaxis. These issues were adressed by the organizers of the 16th Medical Biodefense Conference, held in Munich in 2018, in a special session on the development of drugs to treat infections with viruses currently perceived as a threat to societies or associated with a potential for misuse as biothreat agents. This review will outline the state-of-the-art methods in antivirals research discussed and provide an overview of antiviral compounds in the pipeline that are already approved for use or still under development.
JO  - Virus Genes
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11262-020-01737-5
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11262-020-01737-5
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Risk Assessment of Novel Coronavirus COVID-19 Outbreaks Outside China
AU  - Boldog, Péter
AU  - Tekeli, Tamás
AU  - Vizi, Zsolt
AU  - Dénes, Attila
AU  - Bartha, Ferenc A.
AU  - Röst, Gergely
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We developed a computational tool to assess the risks of novel coronavirus outbreaks outside of China. We estimate the dependence of the risk of a major outbreak in a country from imported cases on key parameters such as: (i) the evolution of the cumulative number of cases in mainland China outside the closed areas; (ii) the connectivity of the destination country with China, including baseline travel frequencies, the effect of travel restrictions, and the efficacy of entry screening at destination; and (iii) the efficacy of control measures in the destination country (expressed by the local reproduction number R loc ). We found that in countries with low connectivity to China but with relatively high R loc , the most beneficial control measure to reduce the risk of outbreaks is a further reduction in their importation number either by entry screening or travel restrictions. Countries with high connectivity but low R loc benefit the most from policies that further reduce R loc . Countries in the middle should consider a combination of such policies. Risk assessments were illustrated for selected groups of countries from America, Asia, and Europe. We investigated how their risks depend on those parameters, and how the risk is increasing in time as the number of cases in China is growing.
JO  - Journal of Clinical Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 2
PG  - 571
SP  - 571
EP  - 
AN  - doi:10.3390/jcm9020571
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/9/2/571
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The 2019&#8208;new coronavirus epidemic: Evidence for virus evolution
AU  - Benvenuto, Domenico
AU  - Giovanetti, Marta
AU  - Ciccozzi, Alessandra
AU  - Spoto, Silvia
AU  - Angeletti, Silvia
AU  - Ciccozzi, Massimo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - There is a worldwide concern about the new coronavirus 2019&#8208;nCoV as a global public health threat. In this article, we provide a preliminary evolutionary and molecular epidemiological analysis of this new virus. A phylogenetic tree has been built using the 15 available whole genome sequences of 2019&#8208;nCoV, 12 whole genome sequences of 2019&#8208;nCoV, and 12 highly similar whole genome sequences available in gene bank (five from the severe acute respiratory syndrome, two from Middle East respiratory syndrome, and five from bat SARS&#8208;like coronavirus). Fast unconstrained Bayesian approximation analysis shows that the nucleocapsid and the spike glycoprotein have some sites under positive pressure, whereas homology modeling revealed some molecular and structural differences between the viruses. The phylogenetic tree showed that 2019&#8208;nCoV significantly clustered with bat SARS&#8208;like coronavirus sequence isolated in 2015, whereas structural analysis revealed mutation in Spike Glycoprotein and nucleocapsid protein. From these results, the new 2019&#8208;nCoV is distinct from SARS virus, probably trasmitted from bats after mutation conferring ability to infect humans. <list style="bulleted" compact="yes"> <listItem><br></br>An epidemic by a new Coronavirus, the 2019&#8208;nCoV is worrying worldwide. The epdiemic originated in Wuhan, China causing severe infections in some cases. The infection probably originated in bats. A mutation in the viral spike glycoprotein could have favured the cross&#8208;sepcies tramsnimssion from bats to human.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 92
IS  - 4
PG  - 455-459
SP  - 455
EP  - 459
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25688
UR  - https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/bpl/jmv/2020/00000092/00000004/art00010 https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25688
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Novel Coronavirus Outbreak: What We Know and What We Don’t
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Cell
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2020.02.027
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0092867420301719
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preparedness and vulnerability of African countries against importations of COVID-19: a modelling study
AU  - Marius Gilbert, Giulia Pullano, Francesco Pinotti, Eugenio Valdano, Chiara Poletto, Pierre-Yves Boëlle, Eric D’Ortenzio, Yazdan Yazdanpanah,
AU  - Serge Paul Eholie, Mathias Altmann, Bernardo Gutierrez, Moritz U G Kraemer, Vittoria Colizza
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - S0140-6736(20)30411-6
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/
UR  - https://www.thelancet.com/pb-assets/Lancet/pdfs/S0140673620304116.pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Fatal swine acute diarrhoea syndrome caused by an HKU2-related coronavirus of bat origin
AU  - Zhou, Peng
AU  - Fan, Hang
AU  - Lan, Tian
AU  - Yang, Xing-Lou
AU  - Shi, Wei-Feng
AU  - Zhang, Wei
AU  - Zhu, Yan
AU  - Zhang, Ya-Wei
AU  - Xie, Qing-Mei
AU  - Mani, Shailendra
AU  - Zheng, Xiao-Shuang
AU  - Li, Bei
AU  - Li, Jin-Man
AU  - Guo, Hua
AU  - Pei, Guang-Qian
AU  - An, Xiao-Ping
AU  - Chen, Jun-Wei
AU  - Zhou, Ling
AU  - Mai, Kai-Jie
AU  - Wu, Zi-Xian
AU  - Li, Di
AU  - Anderson, Danielle E.
AU  - Zhang, Li-Biao
AU  - Li, Shi-Yue
AU  - Mi, Zhi-Qiang
AU  - He, Tong-Tong
AU  - Cong, Feng
AU  - Guo, Peng-Ju
AU  - Huang, Ren
AU  - Luo, Yun
AU  - Liu, Xiang-Ling
AU  - Chen, Jing
AU  - Huang, Yong
AU  - Sun, Qiang
AU  - Zhang, Xiang-Li-Lan
AU  - Wang, Yuan-Yuan
AU  - Xing, Shao-Zhen
AU  - Chen, Yan-Shan
AU  - Sun, Yuan
AU  - Li, Juan
AU  - Daszak, Peter
AU  - Wang, Lin-Fa
AU  - Shi, Zheng-Li
AU  - Tong, Yi-Gang
AU  - Ma, Jing-Yun
PY  - 2018
PD  - 
N2  - Cross-species transmission of viruses from wildlife animal reservoirs poses a marked threat to human and animal health (1) . Bats have been recognized as one of the most important reservoirs for emerging viruses and the transmission of a coronavirus that originated in bats to humans via intermediate hosts was responsible for the high-impact emerging zoonosis, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) (2-10) . Here we provide virological, epidemiological, evolutionary and experimental evidence that a novel HKU2-related bat coronavirus, swine acute diarrhoea syndrome coronavirus (SADS-CoV), is the aetiological agent that was responsible for a large-scale outbreak of fatal disease in pigs in China that has caused the death of 24,693 piglets across four farms. Notably, the outbreak began in Guangdong province in the vicinity of the origin of the SARS pandemic. Furthermore, we identified SADS-related CoVs with 96-98% sequence identity in 9.8% (58 out of 591) of anal swabs collected from bats in Guangdong province during 2013-2016, predominantly in horseshoe bats (Rhinolophus spp.) that are known reservoirs of SARS-related CoVs. We found that there were striking similarities between the SADS and SARS outbreaks in geographical, temporal, ecological and aetiological settings. This study highlights the importance of identifying coronavirus diversity and distribution in bats to mitigate future outbreaks that could threaten livestock, public health and economic growth.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 556
IS  - 7700
PG  - 255-258
SP  - 255
EP  - 258
AN  - 29618817
DO  - 10.1038/s41586-018-0010-9
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29618817
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The basic reproduction number of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) estimation based on exponential growth in the early outbreak in China from 2019 to 2020: A reply to Dhungana
AU  - Zhao, Shi
AU  - Lin, Qianyin
AU  - Ran, Jinjun
AU  - Musa, Salihu S.
AU  - Yang, Guangpu
AU  - Wang, Weiming
AU  - Lou, Yijun
AU  - Gao, Daozhou
AU  - Yang, Lin
AU  - He, Daihai
AU  - Wang, Maggie H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.02.025
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971220300837
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - In silico screening of Chinese herbal medicines with the potential to directly inhibit 2019 novel coronavirus
AU  - Zhang, Deng-hai
AU  - Wu, Kun-lun
AU  - Zhang, Xue
AU  - Deng, Sheng-qiong
AU  - Peng, Bin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective In this study we execute a rational screen to identify Chinese medical herbs that are commonly used in treating viral respiratory infections and also contain compounds that might directly inhibit 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), an ongoing novel coronavirus that causes pneumonia. Methods There were two main steps in the screening process. In the first step we conducted a literature search for natural compounds that had been biologically confirmed as against sever acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus or Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus. Resulting compounds were cross-checked for listing in the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database. Compounds meeting both requirements were subjected to absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME) evaluation to verify that oral administration would be effective. Next, a docking analysis was used to test whether the compound had the potential for direct 2019-nCoV interaction. In the second step we searched Chinese herbal databases to identify treatments containing the selected compounds. Plants containing 2 or more of the compounds identified in our screen were then checked against the catalogue for classic herbal usage. Finally, network pharmacology analysis was used to predict the general in vivo effects of each selected herb. Results Of the natural compounds screened, 13 that exist in traditional Chinese medicines were also found to have potential anti-2019-nCoV activity. Further, 125 Chinese herbs were found to contain 2 or more of these 13 compounds. Of these 125 herbs, 26 are classically catalogued as treating viral respiratory infections. Network pharmacology analysis predicted that the general in vivo roles of these 26 treatments were related to regulating viral infection, immune/inflammation reactions and hypoxia response. Conclusion Chinese herbal treatments classically used for treating viral respiratory infection might contain direct anti-2019-nCoV compounds.
JO  - Journal of Integrative Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joim.2020.02.005
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095496420300157
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Isolation of a novel coronavirus from a man with pneumonia in Saudi Arabia
AU  - Zaki, Ali M.
AU  - van Boheemen, Sander
AU  - Bestebroer, Theo M.
AU  - Osterhaus, Albert D. M. E.
AU  - Fouchier, Ron A. M.
PY  - 2012
PD  - 
N2  - A previously unknown coronavirus was isolated from the sputum of a 60-year-old man who presented with acute pneumonia and subsequent renal failure with a fatal outcome in Saudi Arabia. The virus (called HCoV-EMC) replicated readily in cell culture, producing cytopathic effects of rounding, detachment, and syncytium formation. The virus represents a novel betacoronavirus species. The closest known relatives are bat coronaviruses HKU4 and HKU5. Here, the clinical data, virus isolation, and molecular identification are presented. The clinical picture was remarkably similar to that of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak in 2003 and reminds us that animal coronaviruses can cause severe disease in humans.
JO  - N Engl J Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 367
IS  - 19
PG  - 1814-1820
SP  - 1814
EP  - 1820
AN  - 23075143
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMoa1211721
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23075143
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cryo-EM structures of MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV spike glycoproteins reveal the dynamic receptor binding domains
AU  - Yuan, Yuan
AU  - Cao, Duanfang
AU  - Zhang, Yanfang
AU  - Ma, Jun
AU  - Qi, Jianxun
AU  - Wang, Qihui
AU  - Lu, Guangwen
AU  - Wu, Ying
AU  - Yan, Jinghua
AU  - Shi, Yi
AU  - Zhang, Xinzheng
AU  - Gao, George F.
PY  - 2017
PD  - 
N2  - The envelope spike (S) proteins of MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV determine the virus host tropism and entry into host cells, and constitute a promising target for the development of prophylactics and therapeutics. Here, we present high-resolution structures of the trimeric MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV S proteins in its pre-fusion conformation by single particle cryo-electron microscopy. The overall structures resemble that from other coronaviruses including HKU1, MHV and NL63 reported recently, with the exception of the receptor binding domain (RBD). We captured two states of the RBD with receptor binding region either buried (lying state) or exposed (standing state), demonstrating an inherently flexible RBD readily recognized by the receptor. Further sequence conservation analysis of six human-infecting coronaviruses revealed that the fusion peptide, HR1 region and the central helix are potential targets for eliciting broadly neutralizing antibodies.
JO  - Nat Commun
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 8
IS  - 
PG  - 15092-15092
SP  - 15092
EP  - 15092
AN  - 28393837
DO  - 10.1038/ncomms15092
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28393837 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5394239/
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - MERS, SARS and other coronaviruses as causes of pneumonia
AU  - Yin, Yudong
AU  - Wunderink, Richard G.
PY  - 2018
PD  - 
N2  - Human coronaviruses (HCoVs) have been considered to be relatively harmless respiratory pathogens in the past. However, after the outbreak of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and emergence of the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), HCoVs have received worldwide attention as important pathogens in respiratory tract infection. This review focuses on the epidemiology, pathogenesis and clinical characteristics among SARS-coronaviruses (CoV), MERS-CoV and other HCoV infections.
JO  - Respirology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 23
IS  - 2
PG  - 130-137
SP  - 130
EP  - 137
AN  - 29052924
DO  - 10.1111/resp.13196
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29052924
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in Singapore—Current Experience: Critical Global Issues That Require Attention and Action
AU  - Wong, John E. L.
AU  - Leo, Yee Sin
AU  - Tan, Chorh Chuan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - On December 31, 2019, China informed the World Health Organization of a novel viral pneumonia in the city of Wuhan, in Hubei Province. Singapore is an independent city-state 3400 km (2125 miles) from Wuhan, but as a major air hub had an average of 330 000 visitor arrivals from China each month in 2019. On January 2, 2020, Singapore’s Ministry of Health alerted all physicians to identify any patient with pneumonia and a recent travel history to Wuhan. On January 3, Singapore started temperature screening at its airport of all travelers arriving from Wuhan. Researchers in China identified a novel coronavirus as the causative agent on January 9, the genetic sequence was released on January 12, and human transmission to health care workers was confirmed on January 20.
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.2467
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.2467
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: fighting panic with information
AU  - The, Lancet
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10224
PG  - 537
SP  - 537
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30379-2
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673620303792
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Early epidemiological analysis of the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak based on crowdsourced data: a population-level observational study
AU  - Sun, Kaiyuan
AU  - Chen, Jenny
AU  - Viboud, Cécile
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Summary Background As the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) progresses, epidemiological data are needed to guide situational awareness and intervention strategies. Here we describe efforts to compile and disseminate epidemiological information on COVID-19 from news media and social networks. Methods In this population-level observational study, we searched DXY.cn, a health-care-oriented social network that is currently streaming news reports on COVID-19 from local and national Chinese health agencies. We compiled a list of individual patients with COVID-19 and daily province-level case counts between Jan 13 and Jan 31, 2020, in China. We also compiled a list of internationally exported cases of COVID-19 from global news media sources (Kyodo News, The Straits Times, and CNN), national governments, and health authorities. We assessed trends in the epidemiology of COVID-19 and studied the outbreak progression across China, assessing delays between symptom onset, seeking care at a hospital or clinic, and reporting, before and after Jan 18, 2020, as awareness of the outbreak increased. All data were made publicly available in real time. Findings We collected data for 507 patients with COVID-19 reported between Jan 13 and Jan 31, 2020, including 364 from mainland China and 143 from outside of China. 281 (55%) patients were male and the median age was 46 years (IQR 35–60). Few patients (13 [3%]) were younger than 15 years and the age profile of Chinese patients adjusted for baseline demographics confirmed a deficit of infections among children. Across the analysed period, delays between symptom onset and seeking care at a hospital or clinic were longer in Hubei province than in other provinces in mainland China and internationally. In mainland China, these delays decreased from 5 days before Jan 18, 2020, to 2 days thereafter until Jan 31, 2020 (p=0·0009). Although our sample captures only 507 (5·2%) of 9826 patients with COVID-19 reported by official sources during the analysed period, our data align with an official report published by Chinese authorities on Jan 28, 2020. Interpretation News reports and social media can help reconstruct the progression of an outbreak and provide detailed patient-level data in the context of a health emergency. The availability of a central physician-oriented social network facilitated the compilation of publicly available COVID-19 data in China. As the outbreak progresses, social media and news reports will probably capture a diminishing fraction of COVID-19 cases globally due to reporting fatigue and overwhelmed health-care systems. In the early stages of an outbreak, availability of public datasets is important to encourage analytical efforts by independent teams and provide robust evidence to guide interventions. Funding Fogarty International Center, US National Institutes of Health.
JO  - The Lancet Digital Health
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2589-7500(20)30026-1
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589750020300261
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus envelope protein: current knowledge
AU  - Schoeman, Dewald
AU  - Fielding, Burtram C.
PY  - 2019
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Coronaviruses (CoVs) primarily cause enzootic infections in birds and mammals but, in the last few decades, have shown to be capable of infecting humans as well. The outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2003 and, more recently, Middle-East respiratory syndrome (MERS) has demonstrated the lethality of CoVs when they cross the species barrier and infect humans. A renewed interest in coronaviral research has led to the discovery of several novel human CoVs and since then much progress has been made in understanding the CoV life cycle. The CoV envelope (E) protein is a small, integral membrane protein involved in several aspects of the virus' life cycle, such as assembly, budding, envelope formation, and pathogenesis. Recent studies have expanded on its structural motifs and topology, its functions as an ion-channelling viroporin, and its interactions with both other CoV proteins and host cell proteins. MAIN BODY: This review aims to establish the current knowledge on CoV E by highlighting the recent progress that has been made and comparing it to previous knowledge. It also compares E to other viral proteins of a similar nature to speculate the relevance of these new findings. Good progress has been made but much still remains unknown and this review has identified some gaps in the current knowledge and made suggestions for consideration in future research. CONCLUSIONS: The most progress has been made on SARS-CoV E, highlighting specific structural requirements for its functions in the CoV life cycle as well as mechanisms behind its pathogenesis. Data shows that E is involved in critical aspects of the viral life cycle and that CoVs lacking E make promising vaccine candidates. The high mortality rate of certain CoVs, along with their ease of transmission, underpins the need for more research into CoV molecular biology which can aid in the production of effective anti-coronaviral agents for both human CoVs and enzootic CoVs.
JO  - Virol J
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 16
IS  - 1
PG  - 69-69
SP  - 69
EP  - 69
AN  - 31133031
DO  - 10.1186/s12985-019-1182-0
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31133031 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6537279/
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Another coronavirus, another epidemic, another warning
AU  - Poland, Gregory A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Vaccine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 38
IS  - 10
PG  - v-vi
SP  - v
EP  - vi
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.02.039
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X20302486
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Lessons learned from the 2019-nCoV epidemic on prevention of future infectious diseases
AU  - Pan, Xingchen
AU  - Ojcius, David M.
AU  - Gao, Tianyue
AU  - Li, Zhongsheng
AU  - Pan, Chunhua
AU  - Pan, Chungen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Only a month after the outbreak of pneumonia caused by 2019-nCoV, more than forty-thousand people were infected. This put enormous pressure on the Chinese government, medical healthcare provider, and the general public, but also made the international community deeply nervous. On the 25th day after the outbreak, the Chinese government implemented strict traffic restrictions on the area where the 2019-nCoV had originated—Hubei province, whose capital city is Wuhan. Ten days later, the rate of increase of cases in Hubei showed a significant difference (p = 0.0001) compared with the total rate of increase in other provinces of China. These preliminary data suggest the effectiveness of a traffic restriction policy for this pandemic thus far. At the same time, solid financial support and improved research ability, along with network communication technology, also greatly facilitated the application of epidemic prevention measures. These measures were motivated by the need to provide effective treatment of patients, and involved consultation with three major groups in policy formulation—public health experts, the government, and the general public. It was also aided by media and information technology, as well as international cooperation. This experience will provide China and other countries with valuable lessons for quickly coordinating and coping with future public health emergencies.
JO  - Microbes and Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micinf.2020.02.004
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1286457920300320
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Four ways researchers are responding to the COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Nature
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - How did researchers react so quickly to the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic? Nature Medicine has asked some key experts.
JO  - Nature Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41591-020-00002-4
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41591-020-00002-4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus and the race to distribute reliable diagnostics
AU  - Nature
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - International teams worked at speed to make tests for the virus available in record time. The medical community is rallying to develop a set of rapid and reliable molecular diagnostic tests for the new human coronavirus that appeared in China — now dubbed sudden acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2).
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41587-020-00002-2
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41587-020-00002-2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prevent and predict
AU  - Nature
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As the COVID-19 outbreak continues, the next pandemic could be prevented by ending the wildlife trade and reinvesting in the monitoring of potential zoonoses.
JO  - Nature Ecology & Evolution
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-020-1150-5
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-020-1150-5
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Scientists question China’s decision not to report symptom-free coronavirus cases
AU  - Nature
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Researchers say that excluding these people could conceal the epidemic’s true extent, but others say the practice makes sense. Researchers are concerned that China’s official reports on the number of coronavirus infections have not been including people who have tested positive for the virus but who have no symptoms. They fear the practice is masking the epidemic’s true scale. But public health experts say China is right to prioritize tracking sick patients who are spreading the disease.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
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EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00434-5
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus latest: death toll passes 2,000
AU  - Nature
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Updates on the respiratory illness that has infected tens of thousands of people. Scientists are concerned about a new virus that has infected tens of thousands of people and killed more than 2,000. The virus, which emerged in the Chinese city of Wuhan in December, is a coronavirus and belongs to the same family as the pathogen that causes severe acute respiratory syndrome, or SARS. It causes a respiratory illness called COVID-19, which can spread from person to person.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00154-w
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A SARS-like cluster of circulating bat coronaviruses shows potential for human emergence
AU  - Menachery, Vineet D.
AU  - Yount, Boyd L., Jr.
AU  - Debbink, Kari
AU  - Agnihothram, Sudhakar
AU  - Gralinski, Lisa E.
AU  - Plante, Jessica A.
AU  - Graham, Rachel L.
AU  - Scobey, Trevor
AU  - Ge, Xing-Yi
AU  - Donaldson, Eric F.
AU  - Randell, Scott H.
AU  - Lanzavecchia, Antonio
AU  - Marasco, Wayne A.
AU  - Shi, Zhengli-Li
AU  - Baric, Ralph S.
PY  - 2015
PD  - 
N2  - The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)-CoV underscores the threat of cross-species transmission events leading to outbreaks in humans. Here we examine the disease potential of a SARS-like virus, SHC014-CoV, which is currently circulating in Chinese horseshoe bat populations. Using the SARS-CoV reverse genetics system, we generated and characterized a chimeric virus expressing the spike of bat coronavirus SHC014 in a mouse-adapted SARS-CoV backbone. The results indicate that group 2b viruses encoding the SHC014 spike in a wild-type backbone can efficiently use multiple orthologs of the SARS receptor human angiotensin converting enzyme II (ACE2), replicate efficiently in primary human airway cells and achieve in vitro titers equivalent to epidemic strains of SARS-CoV. Additionally, in vivo experiments demonstrate replication of the chimeric virus in mouse lung with notable pathogenesis. Evaluation of available SARS-based immune-therapeutic and prophylactic modalities revealed poor efficacy; both monoclonal antibody and vaccine approaches failed to neutralize and protect from infection with CoVs using the novel spike protein. On the basis of these findings, we synthetically re-derived an infectious full-length SHC014 recombinant virus and demonstrate robust viral replication both in vitro and in vivo. Our work suggests a potential risk of SARS-CoV re-emergence from viruses currently circulating in bat populations.
JO  - Nat Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 21
IS  - 12
PG  - 1508-1513
SP  - 1508
EP  - 1513
AN  - 26552008
DO  - 10.1038/nm.3985
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26552008 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4797993/
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and artificial intelligence: protecting health-care workers and curbing the spread
AU  - McCall, Becky
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Digital Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2589-7500(20)30054-6
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589750020300546
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus: Wales tests 90% of suspected patients in their own home
AU  - Mahase, Elisabeth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Wales has managed to test 90% of people suspected of being infected with novel coronavirus in their own homes, after implementing community testing for covid-19.Vaughan Gething, minister for health and social services in Wales, credited the NHS with making the process “as convenient as possible for people whilst also protecting our ambulance and hospital resources for those who need it most.”More than 100 people had been tested in Wales as of 13 February, with no positive cases. Around the UK, nine …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m698
SP  - m698
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m698
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/content/368/bmj.m698.abstract
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: a critical care perspective informed by lessons learnt from other viral epidemics
AU  - Ling, Lowell
AU  - Joynt, Gavin M.
AU  - Lipman, Jeff
AU  - Constantin, Jean-Michel
AU  - Joannes-Boyau, Olivier
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Anaesthesia Critical Care & Pain Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.accpm.2020.02.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352556820300291
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The epidemic of 2019-novel-coronavirus (2019-nCoV) pneumonia and insights for emerging infectious diseases in the future
AU  - Li, Jin-Yan
AU  - You, Zhi
AU  - Wang, Qiong
AU  - Zhou, Zhi-Jian
AU  - Qiu, Ye
AU  - Luo, Rui
AU  - Ge, Xing-Yi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - At the end of December 2019, a novel coronavirus, 2019-nCoV, caused an outbreak of pneumonia spreading from Wuhan, Hubei province, to the whole country of China, which has posed great threats to public health and attracted enormous attention around the world. To date, there are no clinically approved vaccines or antiviral drugs available for these human coronavirus infections. Intensive research on the novel emerging human infectious coronaviruses is urgently needed to elucidate their route of transmission and pathogenic mechanisms, and to identify potential drug targets, which would promote the development of effective preventive and therapeutic countermeasures. Herein, we describe the epidemic and etiological characteristics of 2019-nCoV, discuss its essential biological features, including tropism and receptor usage, summarize approaches for disease prevention and treatment, and speculate on the transmission route of 2019-nCoV.
JO  - Microbes and Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micinf.2020.02.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1286457920300307
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Crowdsourcing data to mitigate epidemics
AU  - Leung, Gabriel M.
AU  - Leung, Kathy
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Digital Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2589-7500(20)30055-8
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589750020300558
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Genomic characterization and infectivity of a novel SARS-like coronavirus in Chinese bats
AU  - Hu, Dan
AU  - Zhu, Changqiang
AU  - Ai, Lele
AU  - He, Ting
AU  - Wang, Yi
AU  - Ye, Fuqiang
AU  - Yang, Lu
AU  - Ding, Chenxi
AU  - Zhu, Xuhui
AU  - Lv, Ruicheng
AU  - Zhu, Jin
AU  - Hassan, Bachar
AU  - Feng, Youjun
AU  - Tan, Weilong
AU  - Wang, Changjun
PY  - 2018
PD  - 
N2  - SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV), the causative agent of the large SARS outbreak in 2003, originated in bats. Many SARS-like coronaviruses (SL-CoVs) have been detected in bats, particularly those that reside in China, Europe, and Africa. To further understand the evolutionary relationship between SARS-CoV and its reservoirs, 334 bats were collected from Zhoushan city, Zhejiang province, China, between 2015 and 2017. PCR amplification of the conserved coronaviral protein RdRp detected coronaviruses in 26.65% of bats belonging to this region, and this number was influenced by seasonal changes. Full genomic analyses of the two new SL-CoVs from Zhoushan (ZXC21 and ZC45) showed that their genomes were 29,732 nucleotides (nt) and 29,802 nt in length, respectively, with 13 open reading frames (ORFs). These results revealed 81% shared nucleotide identity with human/civet SARS CoVs, which was more distant than that observed previously for bat SL-CoVs in China. Importantly, using pathogenic tests, we found that the virus can reproduce and cause disease in suckling rats, and further studies showed that the virus-like particles can be observed in the brains of suckling rats by electron microscopy. Thus, this study increased our understanding of the genetic diversity of the SL-CoVs carried by bats and also provided a new perspective to study the possibility of cross-species transmission of SL-CoVs using suckling rats as an animal model.
JO  - Emerg Microbes Infect
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 7
IS  - 1
PG  - 154-154
SP  - 154
EP  - 154
AN  - 30209269
DO  - 10.1038/s41426-018-0155-5
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30209269 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6135831/
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Discovery of a rich gene pool of bat SARS-related coronaviruses provides new insights into the origin of SARS coronavirus
AU  - Hu, Ben
AU  - Zeng, Lei-Ping
AU  - Yang, Xing-Lou
AU  - Ge, Xing-Yi
AU  - Zhang, Wei
AU  - Li, Bei
AU  - Xie, Jia-Zheng
AU  - Shen, Xu-Rui
AU  - Zhang, Yun-Zhi
AU  - Wang, Ning
AU  - Luo, Dong-Sheng
AU  - Zheng, Xiao-Shuang
AU  - Wang, Mei-Niang
AU  - Daszak, Peter
AU  - Wang, Lin-Fa
AU  - Cui, Jie
AU  - Shi, Zheng-Li
PY  - 2017
PD  - 
N2  - A large number of SARS-related coronaviruses (SARSr-CoV) have been detected in horseshoe bats since 2005 in different areas of China. However, these bat SARSr-CoVs show sequence differences from SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in different genes (S, ORF8, ORF3, etc) and are considered unlikely to represent the direct progenitor of SARS-CoV. Herein, we report the findings of our 5-year surveillance of SARSr-CoVs in a cave inhabited by multiple species of horseshoe bats in Yunnan Province, China. The full-length genomes of 11 newly discovered SARSr-CoV strains, together with our previous findings, reveals that the SARSr-CoVs circulating in this single location are highly diverse in the S gene, ORF3 and ORF8. Importantly, strains with high genetic similarity to SARS-CoV in the hypervariable N-terminal domain (NTD) and receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the S1 gene, the ORF3 and ORF8 region, respectively, were all discovered in this cave. In addition, we report the first discovery of bat SARSr-CoVs highly similar to human SARS-CoV in ORF3b and in the split ORF8a and 8b. Moreover, SARSr-CoV strains from this cave were more closely related to SARS-CoV in the non-structural protein genes ORF1a and 1b compared with those detected elsewhere. Recombination analysis shows evidence of frequent recombination events within the S gene and around the ORF8 between these SARSr-CoVs. We hypothesize that the direct progenitor of SARS-CoV may have originated after sequential recombination events between the precursors of these SARSr-CoVs. Cell entry studies demonstrated that three newly identified SARSr-CoVs with different S protein sequences are all able to use human ACE2 as the receptor, further exhibiting the close relationship between strains in this cave and SARS-CoV. This work provides new insights into the origin and evolution of SARS-CoV and highlights the necessity of preparedness for future emergence of SARS-like diseases.
JO  - PLoS Pathog
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 13
IS  - 11
PG  - e1006698-e1006698
SP  - e1006698
EP  - e1006698
AN  - 29190287
DO  - 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006698
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29190287 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5708621/
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Isolation and characterization of a bat SARS-like coronavirus that uses the ACE2 receptor
AU  - Ge, Xing-Yi
AU  - Li, Jia-Lu
AU  - Yang, Xing-Lou
AU  - Chmura, Aleksei A.
AU  - Zhu, Guangjian
AU  - Epstein, Jonathan H.
AU  - Mazet, Jonna K.
AU  - Hu, Ben
AU  - Zhang, Wei
AU  - Peng, Cheng
AU  - Zhang, Yu-Ji
AU  - Luo, Chu-Ming
AU  - Tan, Bing
AU  - Wang, Ning
AU  - Zhu, Yan
AU  - Crameri, Gary
AU  - Zhang, Shu-Yi
AU  - Wang, Lin-Fa
AU  - Daszak, Peter
AU  - Shi, Zheng-Li
PY  - 2013
PD  - 
N2  - The 2002-3 pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) was one of the most significant public health events in recent history. An ongoing outbreak of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus suggests that this group of viruses remains a key threat and that their distribution is wider than previously recognized. Although bats have been suggested to be the natural reservoirs of both viruses, attempts to isolate the progenitor virus of SARS-CoV from bats have been unsuccessful. Diverse SARS-like coronaviruses (SL-CoVs) have now been reported from bats in China, Europe and Africa, but none is considered a direct progenitor of SARS-CoV because of their phylogenetic disparity from this virus and the inability of their spike proteins to use the SARS-CoV cellular receptor molecule, the human angiotensin converting enzyme II (ACE2). Here we report whole-genome sequences of two novel bat coronaviruses from Chinese horseshoe bats (family: Rhinolophidae) in Yunnan, China: RsSHC014 and Rs3367. These viruses are far more closely related to SARS-CoV than any previously identified bat coronaviruses, particularly in the receptor binding domain of the spike protein. Most importantly, we report the first recorded isolation of a live SL-CoV (bat SL-CoV-WIV1) from bat faecal samples in Vero E6 cells, which has typical coronavirus morphology, 99.9% sequence identity to Rs3367 and uses ACE2 from humans, civets and Chinese horseshoe bats for cell entry. Preliminary in vitro testing indicates that WIV1 also has a broad species tropism. Our results provide the strongest evidence to date that Chinese horseshoe bats are natural reservoirs of SARS-CoV, and that intermediate hosts may not be necessary for direct human infection by some bat SL-CoVs. They also highlight the importance of pathogen-discovery programs targeting high-risk wildlife groups in emerging disease hotspots as a strategy for pandemic preparedness.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 503
IS  - 7477
PG  - 535-538
SP  - 535
EP  - 538
AN  - 24172901
DO  - 10.1038/nature12711
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24172901 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5389864/
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Bat Coronaviruses in China
AU  - Fan, Yi
AU  - Zhao, Kai
AU  - Shi, Zheng-Li
AU  - Zhou, Peng
PY  - 2019
PD  - 
N2  - During the past two decades, three zoonotic coronaviruses have been identified as the cause of large-scale disease outbreaks⁻Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), and Swine Acute Diarrhea Syndrome (SADS). SARS and MERS emerged in 2003 and 2012, respectively, and caused a worldwide pandemic that claimed thousands of human lives, while SADS struck the swine industry in 2017. They have common characteristics, such as they are all highly pathogenic to humans or livestock, their agents originated from bats, and two of them originated in China. Thus, it is highly likely that future SARS- or MERS-like coronavirus outbreaks will originate from bats, and there is an increased probability that this will occur in China. Therefore, the investigation of bat coronaviruses becomes an urgent issue for the detection of early warning signs, which in turn minimizes the impact of such future outbreaks in China. The purpose of the review is to summarize the current knowledge on viral diversity, reservoir hosts, and the geographical distributions of bat coronaviruses in China, and eventually we aim to predict virus hotspots and their cross-species transmission potential.
JO  - Viruses
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 11
IS  - 3
PG  - 210
SP  - 210
EP  - 
AN  - 30832341
DO  - 10.3390/v11030210
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30832341 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6466186/
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Comments on "Preliminary estimation of the basic reproduction number of novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in China, from 2019 to 2020: A data-driven Analysis in the early phase of the outbreak"
AU  - Dhungana, Hom Nath
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.02.024
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971220300825
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS and MERS: recent insights into emerging coronaviruses
AU  - de Wit, Emmie
AU  - van Doremalen, Neeltje
AU  - Falzarano, Darryl
AU  - Munster, Vincent J.
PY  - 2016
PD  - 
N2  - The emergence of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in 2012 marked the second introduction of a highly pathogenic coronavirus into the human population in the twenty-first century. The continuing introductions of MERS-CoV from dromedary camels, the subsequent travel-related viral spread, the unprecedented nosocomial outbreaks and the high case-fatality rates highlight the need for prophylactic and therapeutic measures. Scientific advancements since the 2002-2003 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) pandemic allowed for rapid progress in our understanding of the epidemiology and pathogenesis of MERS-CoV and the development of therapeutics. In this Review, we detail our present understanding of the transmission and pathogenesis of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, and discuss the current state of development of measures to combat emerging coronaviruses.
JO  - Nat Rev Microbiol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 14
IS  - 8
PG  - 523-534
SP  - 523
EP  - 534
AN  - 27344959
DO  - 10.1038/nrmicro.2016.81
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27344959
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Origin and evolution of pathogenic coronaviruses
AU  - Cui, Jie
AU  - Li, Fang
AU  - Shi, Zheng-Li
PY  - 2019
PD  - 
N2  - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) are two highly transmissible and pathogenic viruses that emerged in humans at the beginning of the 21st century. Both viruses likely originated in bats, and genetically diverse coronaviruses that are related to SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV were discovered in bats worldwide. In this Review, we summarize the current knowledge on the origin and evolution of these two pathogenic coronaviruses and discuss their receptor usage; we also highlight the diversity and potential of spillover of bat-borne coronaviruses, as evidenced by the recent spillover of swine acute diarrhoea syndrome coronavirus (SADS-CoV) to pigs.
JO  - Nat Rev Microbiol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 17
IS  - 3
PG  - 181-192
SP  - 181
EP  - 192
AN  - 30531947
DO  - 10.1038/s41579-018-0118-9
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30531947
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pandemic: examining readiness for infectious disease outbreaks
AU  - Burki, Talha Khan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Respiratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30082-5
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213260020300825
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Emergence of a Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) and the Importance of Diagnostic Testing: Why Partnership between Clinical Laboratories, Public Health Agencies, and Industry Is Essential to Control the Outbreak
AU  - Binnicker, Matthew J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical Chemistry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/clinchem/hvaa071
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/hvaa071
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Susceptibility to the Antiviral Remdesivir (GS-5734) Is Mediated by the Viral Polymerase and the Proofreading Exoribonuclease
AU  - Agostini, Maria L.
AU  - Andres, Erica L.
AU  - Sims, Amy C.
AU  - Graham, Rachel L.
AU  - Sheahan, Timothy P.
AU  - Lu, Xiaotao
AU  - Smith, Everett Clinton
AU  - Case, James Brett
AU  - Feng, Joy Y.
AU  - Jordan, Robert
AU  - Ray, Adrian S.
AU  - Cihlar, Tomas
AU  - Siegel, Dustin
AU  - Mackman, Richard L.
AU  - Clarke, Michael O.
AU  - Baric, Ralph S.
AU  - Denison, Mark R.
PY  - 2018
PD  - 
N2  - Emerging coronaviruses (CoVs) cause severe disease in humans, but no approved therapeutics are available. The CoV nsp14 exoribonuclease (ExoN) has complicated development of antiviral nucleosides due to its proofreading activity. We recently reported that the nucleoside analogue GS-5734 (remdesivir) potently inhibits human and zoonotic CoVs in vitro and in a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) mouse model. However, studies with GS-5734 have not reported resistance associated with GS-5734, nor do we understand the action of GS-5734 in wild-type (WT) proofreading CoVs. Here, we show that GS-5734 inhibits murine hepatitis virus (MHV) with similar 50% effective concentration values (EC(50)) as SARS-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). Passage of WT MHV in the presence of the GS-5734 parent nucleoside selected two mutations in the nsp12 polymerase at residues conserved across all CoVs that conferred up to 5.6-fold resistance to GS-5734, as determined by EC(50) The resistant viruses were unable to compete with WT in direct coinfection passage in the absence of GS-5734. Introduction of the MHV resistance mutations into SARS-CoV resulted in the same in vitro resistance phenotype and attenuated SARS-CoV pathogenesis in a mouse model. Finally, we demonstrate that an MHV mutant lacking ExoN proofreading was significantly more sensitive to GS-5734. Combined, the results indicate that GS-5734 interferes with the nsp12 polymerase even in the setting of intact ExoN proofreading activity and that resistance can be overcome with increased, nontoxic concentrations of GS-5734, further supporting the development of GS-5734 as a broad-spectrum therapeutic to protect against contemporary and emerging CoVs.IMPORTANCE Coronaviruses (CoVs) cause severe human infections, but there are no approved antivirals to treat these infections. Development of nucleoside-based therapeutics for CoV infections has been hampered by the presence of a proofreading exoribonuclease. Here, we expand the known efficacy of the nucleotide prodrug remdesivir (GS-5734) to include a group β-2a CoV. Further, GS-5734 potently inhibits CoVs with intact proofreading. Following selection with the GS-5734 parent nucleoside, 2 amino acid substitutions in the nsp12 polymerase at residues that are identical across CoVs provide low-level resistance to GS-5734. The resistance mutations decrease viral fitness of MHV in vitro and attenuate pathogenesis in a SARS-CoV animal model of infection. Together, these studies define the target of GS-5734 activity and demonstrate that resistance is difficult to select, only partial, and impairs fitness and virulence of MHV and SARS-CoV, supporting further development of GS-5734 as a potential effective pan-CoV antiviral.
JO  - mBio
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 2
PG  - e00221-18
SP  - e00221
EP  - 18
AN  - 29511076
DO  - 10.1128/mBio.00221-18
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29511076 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5844999/
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Perspective from China
AU  - Zu, Zi Yue
AU  - Jiang, Meng Di
AU  - Xu, Peng Peng
AU  - Chen, Wen
AU  - Ni, Qian Qian
AU  - Lu, Guang Ming
AU  - Zhang, Long Jiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, an outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection occurred in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China and spread across China and beyond. On February 12, 2020, WHO officially named the disease caused by the novel coronavirus as Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Since most COVID-19 infected patients were diagnosed with pneumonia and characteristic CT imaging patterns, radiological examinations have become vital in early diagnosis and assessment of disease course. To date, CT findings have been recommended as major evidence for clinical diagnosis of COVID-19 in Hubei, China. This review focuses on the etiology, epidemiology, and clinical symptoms of COVID-19, while highlighting the role of chest CT in prevention and disease control. A full translation of this article in Chinese is available.
JO  - Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 200490-200490
SP  - 200490
EP  - 200490
AN  - 32083985
DO  - 10.1148/radiol.2020200490
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32083985
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Quantifying the association between domestic travel and the exportation of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) cases from Wuhan, China in 2020: A correlational analysis
AU  - Zhao, Shi
AU  - Zhuang, Zian
AU  - Cao, Peihua
AU  - Ran, Jinjun
AU  - Gao, Daozhou
AU  - Lou, Yijun
AU  - Yang, Lin
AU  - Cai, Yongli
AU  - Wang, Weiming
AU  - He, Daihai
AU  - Wang, Maggie H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Travel Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/jtm/taaa022
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1093/jtm/taaa022
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Estimation of the reproductive number of Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) and the probable outbreak size on the Diamond Princess cruise ship: A data-driven analysis
AU  - Zhang, Sheng
AU  - Diao, MengYuan
AU  - Yu, Wenbo
AU  - Pei, Lei
AU  - Lin, Zhaofen
AU  - Chen, Dechang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Backgrounds Up to February 16, 2020, 355 cases have been confirmed as having COVID-19 infection on the Diamond Princess cruise ship. It is of crucial importance to estimate the reproductive number (R0) of the novel virus in the early stage of outbreak and make a prediction of daily new cases on the ship. Method We fitted the reported serial interval (Mean and standard deviation) with a gamma distribution and applied “earlyR” package in R to estimate the R0 in the early stage of COVID-19 outbreak. We applied “projections” package in R to simulate the plausible cumulative epidemic trajectories and future daily incidence by fitting the data of existing daily incidence, a serial interval distribution, and the estimated R0 into a model based on the assumption that daily incidence obeys approximately Poisson distribution determined by daily infectiousness. Results The Maximum-Likelihood (ML) value of R0 was 2.28 for COVID-19 outbreak at early stage on the ship. The median with 95% confidence interval (CI) of R0 values was 2.28 (2.06-2.52) estimated by the bootstrap resampling method. The probable number of new cases for the next ten days would gradually increase, and the estimated cumulative cases would reach 1514 (1384-1656) at the tenth day in the future. However, if R0 value was reduced by 25% and 50%, the estimated total number of cumulative cases would be reduced to 1081 (981-1177) and 758 (697-817), respectively. Conclusion The median with 95% CI of R0 of COVID-19 was about 2.28 (2.06-2.52) during the early stage experienced on the Diamond Princess cruise ship. The future daily incidence and probable outbreak size is largely dependent on the change of R0. Unless strict infection management and control are taken, our findings indicate the potential of COVID-19 to cause greater outbreak on the ship.
JO  - International Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.02.033
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971220300916
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical characteristics of 140 patients infected by SARS-CoV-2 in Wuhan, China
AU  - Zhang, Jin-Jin
AU  - Dong, Xiang
AU  - Cao, Yi-Yuan
AU  - Yuan, Ya-Dong
AU  - Yang, Yi-Bin
AU  - Yan, You-Qin
AU  - Akdis, Cezmi A.
AU  - Gao, Ya-Dong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus -2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has been widely spread. We aim to investigate the clinical characteristic and allergy status of patients infected by SARS-CoV-2. METHODS: Electronical medical records including demographics, clinical manifestation, comorbidities, laboratory data and radiological materials of 140 hospitalized COVID-19 patients, with confirmed result of SARS-CoV-2 viral infection were extracted and analysed. RESULTS: An approximately 1:1 ratio of male (50.7%) and female COVID-19 patients was found, with an overall median age of 57.0 years. All patients were community acquired cases. Fever (91.7%), cough (75.0%), fatigue (75.0%) and gastrointestinal symptoms (39.6%) were the most common clinical manifestations, whereas hypertension (30.0%) and diabetes mellitus (12.1%) were the most common comorbidities. Drug hypersensitivity (11.4%) and urticaria (1.4%) were self-reported by several patients. Asthma or other allergic diseases was not reported by any of the patients. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD, 1.4%) and current smokers (1.4%) were rare. Bilateral ground glass or patchy opacity (89.6%) were the most common signs of radiological finding. Lymphopenia (75.4%) and eosinopenia (52.9%) were observed in most patients. Blood eosinophil counts correlate positively with lymphocyte counts in severe (r=0.486, p<0.001) and non-severe (r=0.469, p<0.001) patients after hospital admission. Significantly higher levels of D-dimer, C-reactive protein and procalcitonin were associated with severe patients compared to non-severe patients (all p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Detailed clinical investigation of 140 hospitalized COVID-19 cases suggest eosinopenia together with lymphopenia may be a potential indicator for diagnosis. Allergic diseases, asthma and COPD are not risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Elder age, high number of comorbidities and more prominent laboratory abnormalities were associated with severe patients.
JO  - Allergy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1111/all.14238
SP  - 10.1111/all.14238
EP  - 
AN  - 32077115
DO  - 10.1111/all.14238
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32077115
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The continuous evolution and dissemination of 2019 novel human coronavirus
AU  - Zhang, Jiahao
AU  - Ma, Kaixiong
AU  - Li, Huanan
AU  - Liao, Ming
AU  - Qi, Wenbao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.02.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0163445320300839
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Several suggestion of operation for colorectal cancer under the outbreak of Corona Virus Disease 19 in China
AU  - Yu, G. Y.
AU  - Lou, Z.
AU  - Zhang, W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Pneumonia caused by SARS-Cov-2 infection has been reported in Wuhan since December 2019, and spread rapidly across the country. The radical operation of colorectal cancer is confine operation. Patients with colorectal cancer should receive operation as soon as possible after elective operation is resumed in each hospital. SARS-Cov-2 virus can be transmitted by asymptomatic infectors, and it has been confirmed to be transmitted by droplets and contact. However, fecal-oral transmission and aerosol transmission have not been excluded. Based onLaparoscopic colorectal operation experiences, the author suggests that the surgery strategy for colorectal cancer patients under the COVID-19 situation. Recommending laparoscopy-assisted radical surgery for colorectal cancer patients. The aerosols need to be strictly managed during operation. NOSES and TaTME should be carried out with cautious during the epidemic period. Protective stoma should be carried out scientifically and reasonably, and the protection of operating room personnel should be strengthened.
JO  - Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 23
IS  - 3
PG  - 9-11
SP  - 9
EP  - 11
AN  - 32074719
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1671-0274.2020.03.002
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32074719
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19): Emergence and implications for emergency care
AU  - Yee, Jane
AU  - Unger, Lucy
AU  - Zadravecz, Frank
AU  - Cariello, Paloma
AU  - Seibert, Allan
AU  - Johnson, Michael Austin
AU  - Fuller, Matthew Joseph
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract A novel coronavirus (COVID-19) causing acute illness with severe symptoms has been isolated in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. Since its emergence, cases have been found worldwide, reminiscent of severe acute respiratory syndrome and Middle East respiratory syndrome outbreaks over the past 2 decades. Current understanding of this epidemic remains limited due to its rapid development and available data. While occurrence outside mainland China remains low, the likelihood of increasing cases globally continues to rise. Given this potential, it is imperative that emergency clinicians understand the preliminary data behind the dynamics of this disease, recognize possible presentations of patients, and understand proposed treatment modalities.
JO  - Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians Open
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/emp2.12034
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/emp2.12034
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical Management of Lung Cancer Patients during the Outbreak of 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)
AU  - Xu, Yan
AU  - Liu, Hongsheng
AU  - Hu, Ke
AU  - Wang, Mengzhao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since late December 2019, an outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China has spread quickly nationwide. With the spread of COVID-19, the routine clinical diagnosis and treatment for lung cancer patients has been disturbed. Due to the systemic immunosuppressive of lung cancer patients caused by the malignancy and anticancer treatments, lung cancer patients are more susceptible to infection than healthy individuals. Furthermore, patients with cancer had poorer prognosis from infection. Lung cancer patients should be the priority group for COVID-19 prevention. The protection provisions and control measures aiming to protect lung cancer patients from COVID-19 have been increasingly concerned. During the COVID-19 outbreak period, it should be carefully differentiated for fever and respiratory symptoms for lung cancer patients receiving anti-tumor treatment, in order to evaluate the risk of COVID-19. Moreover, it is necessary to carry out meticulous and individualized clinical management for lung cancer patients to effectively protect the patients from COVID-19.
JO  - Zhongguo Fei Ai Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 23
IS  - 
PG  - 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2020.03.02
SP  - 10.3779/j.issn.1009
EP  - 3419.2020.03.02
AN  - 32077441
DO  - 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2020.03.02
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32077441
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Detection of 2019-nCoV in the pathological paraffin embedded tissue
AU  - Xu, S. P.
AU  - Kuang, D.
AU  - Hu, Y.
AU  - Liu, C.
AU  - Duan, Y. Q.
AU  - Wang, G. P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 49
IS  - 0
PG  - E004-E004
SP  - E004
EP  - E004
AN  - 32084674
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151.20200219.00001
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32084674
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Systematic Comparison of Two Animal-to-Human Transmitted Human Coronaviruses: SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV
AU  - Xu, Jiabao
AU  - Zhao, Shizhe
AU  - Teng, Tieshan
AU  - Abdalla, Abualgasim Elgaili
AU  - Zhu, Wan
AU  - Xie, Longxiang
AU  - Wang, Yunlong
AU  - Guo, Xiangqian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - After the outbreak of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in the world in 2003, human coronaviruses (HCoVs) have been reported as pathogens that cause severe symptoms in respiratory tract infections. Recently, a new emerged HCoV isolated from the respiratory epithelium of unexplained pneumonia patients in the Wuhan seafood market caused a major disease outbreak and has been named the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This virus causes acute lung symptoms, leading to a condition that has been named as &ldquo;coronavirus disease 2019&rdquo; (COVID-19). The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 and of SARS-CoV caused widespread fear and concern and has threatened global health security. There are some similarities and differences in the epidemiology and clinical features between these two viruses and diseases that are caused by these viruses. The goal of this work is to systematically review and compare between SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 in the context of their virus incubation, originations, diagnosis and treatment methods, genomic and proteomic sequences, and pathogenic mechanisms.
JO  - Viruses
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 12
IS  - 2
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/v12020244
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Open access epidemiological data from the COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Xu, Bo
AU  - Kraemer, Moritz U. G.
AU  - Open, Covid-Data Curation Group
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Lancet Infect Dis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - S1473-3099(20)30119-5
SP  - S1473
EP  - 3099(20)30119
AN  - 32087115
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30119-5
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32087115
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation
AU  - Wrapp, Daniel
AU  - Wang, Nianshuang
AU  - Corbett, Kizzmekia S.
AU  - Goldsmith, Jory A.
AU  - Hsieh, Ching-Lin
AU  - Abiona, Olubukola
AU  - Graham, Barney S.
AU  - McLellan, Jason S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of a novel betacoronavirus (2019-nCoV) represents a pandemic threat that has been declared a public health emergency of international concern. The CoV spike (S) glycoprotein is a key target for vaccines, therapeutic antibodies, and diagnostics. To facilitate medical countermeasure (MCM) development, we determined a 3.5 Å-resolution cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV S trimer in the prefusion conformation. The predominant state of the trimer has one of the three receptor-binding domains (RBDs) rotated up in a receptor-accessible conformation. We also show biophysical and structural evidence that the 2019-nCoV S binds ACE2 with higher affinity than SARS-CoV S. Additionally, we tested several published SARS-CoV RBD-specific monoclonal antibodies and found that they do not have appreciable binding to 2019-nCoV S, suggesting antibody cross-reactivity may be limited between the two RBDs. The structure of 2019-nCoV S should enable rapid development and evaluation of MCMs to address the ongoing public health crisis.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - eabb2507
SP  - eabb2507
EP  - 
AN  - 32075877
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb2507
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32075877
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel coronavirus 2019, an emerging public health emergency
AU  - Ward, Michael P.
AU  - Li, Xiangdong
AU  - Tian, Kegong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Transbound Emerg Dis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1111/tbed.13509
SP  - 10.1111/tbed.13509
EP  - 
AN  - 32077206
DO  - 10.1111/tbed.13509
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32077206
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Analysis of low positive rate of nucleic acid detection method used for diagnosis of novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - Wang, C. B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 100
IS  - 0
PG  - E010-E010
SP  - E010
EP  - E010
AN  - 32077662
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20200213-00280
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32077662
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Un mundo, una salud: la epidemia por el nuevo coronavirus COVID-19
AU  - Trilla, Antoni
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Medicina Clínica
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medcli.2020.02.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S002577532030141X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Is COVID-19 Receiving ADE From Other Coronaviruses?
AU  - Tetro, Jason A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - One of the most perplexing questions regarding the current COVID-19 coronavirus epidemic is the discrepancy between the severity of cases observed in the Hubei province of China and those occurring elsewhere in the world. One possible answer is antibody dependent enhancement (ADE) of SARS-CoV-2 due to prior exposure to other coronaviruses. ADE modulates the immune response and can elicit sustained inflammation, lymphopenia, and/or cytokine storm, one or all of which have been documented in severe cases and deaths. ADE also requires prior exposure to similar antigenic epitopes, presumably circulating in local viruses, making it a possible explanation for the observed geographic limitation of severe cases and deaths.
JO  - Microbes and Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micinf.2020.02.006
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1286457920300344
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19, Australia: Epidemiology Report 3 (Reporting week ending 19:00 AEDT 15 February 2020)
AU  - Team, Covid- National Incident Room Surveillance
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This is the third epidemiological report for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), previously known as novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), from the virus now known as SARS-CoV-2, reported in Australia as at 19:00 Australian Eastern Daylight Time [AEDT] 15 February 2020. It includes data on the COVID-19 Australian cases, the international situation and current information on the severity, transmission and spread.
JO  - Commun Dis Intell (2018)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 44
IS  - 
PG  - 10.33321/cdi.2020.44.15
SP  - 10.33321/cdi.2020.44.15
EP  - 
AN  - 32074480
DO  - 10.33321/cdi.2020.44.15
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32074480
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Emergency management of prevention and control of novel coronavirus pneumonia in departments of stomatology
AU  - Tang, H. S.
AU  - Yao, Z. Q.
AU  - Wang, W. M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Complying with overall requirements of the government and regulations on public health emergences, as well as the clinical features of diagnosis and treatment of dental illness, this paper refers to previous guidelines and studies on the infection prevention and control in dental diagnosis and treatment in China and foreign countries. Nanjing Stomatological Hospital has implemented the emergency management practices for the prevention and control of novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP), mainly focusing on the implementation of prevention and control training programs for medical staffs and the infection control projects on the hospital environment. This study could provide reference for rapid response and emergency management for the prevention and control of NCP in the departments of stomatology.
JO  - Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 55
IS  - 0
PG  - E002-E002
SP  - E002
EP  - E002
AN  - 32080994
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112144-20200205-00037
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32080994
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 2019 novel coronavirus of pneumonia in Wuhan, China: emerging attack and management strategies
AU  - She, Jun
AU  - Jiang, Jinjun
AU  - Ye, Ling
AU  - Hu, Lijuan
AU  - Bai, Chunxue
AU  - Song, Yuanlin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - An ongoing outbreak of 2019-nCoV pneumonia was first identified in Wuhan, Hubei province, China at the end of 2019. With the spread of the new coronavirus accelerating, person-to-person transmission in family homes or hospitals, and intercity spread of 2019-nCoV occurred. At least 40,261 cases confirmed, 23,589 cases suspected, 909 cases death and 3444 cases cured in China and worldwide 24 countries confirmed 383 cases being diagnosed, 1 case death in February 10th, 2020. At present, the mortality of 2019-nCoV in China is 2.3%, compared with 9.6% of SARS and 34.4% of MERS reported by WHO. It seems the new virus is not as fatal as many people thought. Chinese authorities improved surveillance network, made the laboratory be able to recognize the outbreak within a few weeks and announced the virus genome that provide efficient epidemiological control. More comprehensive information is required to understand 2019-nCoV feature, the epidemiology of origin and spreading, and the clinical phenomina. According to the current status, blocking transmission, isolation, protection, and alternative medication are the urgent management strategies against 2019-nCoV.
JO  - Clin Transl Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
PG  - 19-19
SP  - 19
EP  - 19
AN  - 32078069
DO  - 10.1186/s40169-020-00271-z
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32078069
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A new pandemic out of China: the Wuhan 2019-nCoV coronavirus syndrome
AU  - Singer, D. R. J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Health Policy and Technology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.hlpt.2020.02.001
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2004919449 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hlpt.2020.02.001
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of 2019 novel coronavirus infection in children: experts’ consensus statement
AU  - Shen, K.
AU  - Yang, Y.
AU  - Wang, T.
AU  - Zhao, D.
AU  - Jiang, Y.
AU  - Jin, R.
AU  - Zheng, Y.
AU  - Xu, B.
AU  - Xie, Z.
AU  - Lin, L.
AU  - Shang, Y.
AU  - Lu, X.
AU  - Shu, S.
AU  - Bai, Y.
AU  - Deng, J.
AU  - Lu, M.
AU  - Ye, L.
AU  - Wang, X.
AU  - Wang, Y.
AU  - Gao, L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since the outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus infection (2019-nCoV) in Wuhan City, China, by January 30, 2020, a total of 9692 confirmed cases and 15,238 suspected cases have been reported around 31 provinces or cities in China. Among the confirmed cases, 1527 were severe cases, 171 had recovered and been discharged at home, and 213 died. And among these cases, a total of 28 children aged from 1 month to 17 years have been reported in China. For standardizing prevention and management of 2019-nCoV infections in children, we called up an experts’ committee to formulate this experts’ consensus statement. This statement is based on the Novel Coronavirus Infection Pneumonia Diagnosis and Treatment Standards (the fourth edition) (National Health Committee) and other previous diagnosis and treatment strategies for pediatric virus infections. The present consensus statement summarizes current strategies on diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of 2019-nCoV infection in children.
JO  - World Journal of Pediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12519-020-00343-7
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2004235636 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12519-020-00343-7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Emergence of Novel Coronavirus 2019-nCoV: Need for Rapid Vaccine and Biologics Development
AU  - Shanmugaraj, Balamurugan
AU  - Malla, Ashwini
AU  - Phoolcharoen, Waranyoo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) is an emerging pathogen that was first identified in Wuhan, China in late December 2019. This virus is responsible for the ongoing outbreak that causes severe respiratory illness and pneumonia-like infection in humans. Due to the increasing number of cases in China and outside China, the WHO declared coronavirus as a global health emergency. Nearly 35,000 cases were reported and at least 24 other countries or territories have reported coronavirus cases as early on as February. Inter-human transmission was reported in a few countries, including the United States. Neither an effective anti-viral nor a vaccine is currently available to treat this infection. As the virus is a newly emerging pathogen, many questions remain unanswered regarding the virus&rsquo;s reservoirs, pathogenesis, transmissibility, and much more is unknown. The collaborative efforts of researchers are needed to fill the knowledge gaps about this new virus, to develop the proper diagnostic tools, and effective treatment to combat this infection. Recent advancements in plant biotechnology proved that plants have the ability to produce vaccines or biopharmaceuticals rapidly in a short time. In this review, the outbreak of 2019-nCoV in China, the need for rapid vaccine development, and the potential of a plant system for biopharmaceutical development are discussed.
JO  - Pathogens
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 2
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/pathogens9020148
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus COVID-19 impacts to dentistry and potential salivary diagnosis
AU  - Sabino-Silva, Robinson
AU  - Jardim, Ana Carolina Gomes
AU  - Siqueira, Walter L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clin Oral Investig
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1007/s00784-020-03248-x
SP  - 10.1007/s00784
EP  - 020
AN  - 32078048
DO  - 10.1007/s00784-020-03248-x
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32078048
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Short-term Forecasts of the COVID-19 Epidemic in Guangdong and Zhejiang, China: February 13–23, 2020
AU  - Roosa, Kimberlyn
AU  - Lee, Yiseul
AU  - Luo, Ruiyan
AU  - Kirpich, Alexander
AU  - Rothenberg, Richard
AU  - Hyman, M. James
AU  - Yan, Ping
AU  - Chowell, Gerardo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The ongoing COVID-19 epidemic continues to spread within and outside of China, despite several social distancing measures implemented by the Chinese government. Limited epidemiological data are available, and recent changes in case definition and reporting further complicate our understanding of the impact of the epidemic, particularly in the epidemic&rsquo;s epicenter. Here we use previously validated phenomenological models to generate short-term forecasts of cumulative reported cases in Guangdong and Zhejiang, China. Using daily reported cumulative case data up until 13 February 2020 from the National Health Commission of China, we report 5- and 10-day ahead forecasts of cumulative case reports. Specifically, we generate forecasts using a generalized logistic growth model, the Richards growth model, and a sub-epidemic wave model, which have each been previously used to forecast outbreaks due to different infectious diseases. Forecasts from each of the models suggest the outbreaks may be nearing extinction in both Guangdong and Zhejiang; however, the sub-epidemic model predictions also include the potential for further sustained transmission, particularly in Zhejiang. Our 10-day forecasts across the three models predict an additional 65&ndash;81 cases (upper bounds: 169&ndash;507) in Guangdong and an additional 44&ndash;354 (upper bounds: 141&ndash;875) cases in Zhejiang by February 23, 2020. In the best-case scenario, current data suggest that transmission in both provinces is slowing down.
JO  - Journal of Clinical Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 2
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/jcm9020596
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Expert consensus on preventing nosocomial transmission during respiratory care for critically ill patients infected by 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - Respiratory care committee of Chinese Thoracic, Society
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Definite evidence has shown that the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) could be transmitted from person to person, so far more than 1,700 bedside clinicians have been infected. A lot of respiratory treatments for critically ill patients are deemed as high-risk factors for nosocomial transmission, such as intubation, manual ventilation by resuscitator, noninvasive ventilation, high-flow nasal cannula, bronchoscopy examination, suction and patient transportation, etc, due to its high possibility to cause or worsen the spread of the virus. As such, we developed this consensus recommendations on all those high-risk treatments, based on the current evidence as well as the resource limitation in some areas, with the aim to reduce the nosocomial transmission and optimize the treatment for the COVID-19 pneumonia patients. Those recommendations include: (1) Standard prevention and protection, and patient isolation; (2) Patient wearing mask during HFNC treatment; (3) Using dual limb ventilator with filters placed at the ventilator outlets, or using heat-moisture exchanger (HME) instead of heated humidification in single limb ventilator with HME placed between exhalation port and mask; avoid using mask with exhalation port on the mask; (4) Placing filter between resuscitator and mask or artificial airway; (5) For spontaneous breathing patients, placing mask for patients during bronchoscopy examination; for patients receiving noninvasive ventilation, using the special mask with bronchoscopy port to perform bronchoscopy; (6) Using sedation and paralytics during intubation, cuff pressure should be maintained between 25-30 cmH(2)O; (7) In-line suction catheter is recommended and it can be used for one week; (8) Dual-limb heated wire circuits are recommended and only changed with visible soiled; (9. For patients who need breathing support during transportation, placing an HME between ventilator and patient; (10) PSV is recommended for implementing spontaneous breathing trial (SBT), avoid using T-piece to do SBT. When tracheotomy patients are weaned from ventilator, HME should be used, avoid using T-piece or tracheostomy mask. (11) Avoid unnecessary bronchial hygiene therapy; (12) For patients who need aerosol therapy, dry powder inhaler metered dose inhaler with spacer is recommended for spontaneous breathing patients; while vibrating mesh nebulizer is recommended for ventilated patients and additional filter is recommended to be placed at the expiratory port of ventilation during nebulization.
JO  - Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 17
IS  - 0
PG  - E020-E020
SP  - E020
EP  - E020
AN  - 32077661
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2020.0020
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32077661
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 2019-nCoV (Wuhan virus), a novel Coronavirus: Human-to-human transmission, travel-related cases, and vaccine readiness
AU  - Ralph, R.
AU  - Lew, J.
AU  - Zeng, T.
AU  - Francis, M.
AU  - Xue, B.
AU  - Roux, M.
AU  - Ostadgavahi, A. T.
AU  - Rubino, S.
AU  - Dawe, N. J.
AU  - Al-Ahdal, M. N.
AU  - Kelvin, D. J.
AU  - Richardson, C. D.
AU  - Kindrachuk, J.
AU  - Falzarano, D.
AU  - Kelvin, A. A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - On 31 December 2019 the Wuhan Health Commission reported a cluster of atypical pneumonia cases that was linked to a wet market in the city of Wuhan, China. The first patients began experiencing symptoms of illness in mid-December 2019. Clinical isolates were found to contain a novel coronavirus with similarity to bat coronaviruses. As of 28 January 2020, there are in excess of 4,500 laboratory-confirmed cases, with > 100 known deaths. As with the SARS-CoV, infections in children appear to be rare. Travel-related cases have been confirmed in multiple countries and regions outside mainland China including Germany, France, Thailand, Japan, South Korea, Vietnam, Canada, and the United States, as well as Hong Kong and Taiwan. Domestically in China, the virus has also been noted in several cities and provinces with cases in all but one provinence. While zoonotic transmission appears to be the original source of infections, the most alarming development is that human-to-human transmission is now prevelant. Of particular concern is that many healthcare workers have been infected in the current epidemic. There are several critical clinical questions that need to be resolved, including how efficient is human-to-human transmission? What is the animal reservoir? Is there an intermediate animal reservoir? Do the vaccines generated to the SARS-CoV or MERS-CoV or their proteins offer protection against 2019-nCoV? We offer a research perspective on the next steps for the generation of vaccines. We also present data on the use of in silico docking in gaining insight into 2019-nCoV Spike-receptor binding to aid in therapeutic development. Diagnostic PCR protocols can be found at https://www.who.int/health-topics/coronavirus/laboratory-diagnostics-for-novel-coronavirus.
JO  - Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 14
IS  - 1
PG  - 3-17
SP  - 3
EP  - 17
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3855/jidc.12425
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2004902047 http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.12425
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Psychological intervention in oral patients in novel coronavirus pneumonia outbreak period
AU  - Qu, X.
AU  - Zhou, X. D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Public health emergencies have an impact on the public mental health. The outbreak of the novel coronavirus has affected the normal diagnosis and treatment services in oral medical institutions across the country. Delay of non-emergency dental service will have a potential impact on the experience, cognition, treatment and rehabilitation of patients with oral diseases. Through literature review, this paper reviewed the oral psychosomatic diseases closely related to patients' psychological state, such as oral mucosal disease, temporomandibular joint disease, bruxism, periodontal disease and so on. It was believed that these patients might be more susceptible to the impact of stress events, and dental specialists should pay more attention to them. At the same time, this paper analyzes the possible psychological stress symptoms of patients with different oral diseases, and puts forward suggestions for remote consultation and emergency treatment of dentists. From the perspective of social role, dentists not only played the role of expert in dental home professional guidance, but also played the role of psychological counseling for patients.
JO  - Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 55
IS  - 0
PG  - E003-E003
SP  - E003
EP  - E003
AN  - 32086886
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112144-20200213-00053
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32086886
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The keypoints in treatment of the critical novel coronavirus pneumonia patient
AU  - Qiu, H. B.
AU  - Li, X. Y.
AU  - Du, B.
AU  - Kang, H. Y. J.
AU  - Wang, Y. S.
AU  - Wang, F.
AU  - Sun, B.
AU  - Tong, Z. H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus pneumonia (new coronavirus pneumonia) (NCP) has been prevalent in Wuhan and spread rapidly to all of our country. Some cases can develop into ARDS, or even death. We will share the treatment experience of severe NCP with the first-line treatment experience. The best respiratory support mode should be selected, but the timing of intubation and protection during intubation are two difficulties; patients with high level peep and poor effect in prone position can be given ECMO support. For NCP patients with mechanical ventilation, reasonable sedation and analgesia strategies should be formulated; delirium should not be ignored. In addition, there is up regulation of inflammatory factors in patients with severe NCP, but the effect of renal replacement therapy needs to be further confirmed by clinical research.
JO  - Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 0
PG  - E022-E022
SP  - E022
EP  - E022
AN  - 32087621
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20200222-00151
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32087621
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The New Coronavirus, the Current King of China
AU  - Plotkin, Stanley A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronaviruses are respiratory viruses whose appearance on electron microscopy looks like tiny crowns (Figure 1). The first coronaviruses discovered were the cause of pediatric and adult respiratory infections that were not particularly dangerous. One study from Vanderbilt found coronavirus in about 5% of samples from upper respiratory illness and 8% from lower respiratory illness [1]. Most clinically significant coronavirus infections have been found in children &lt; 2 years of age, as reviewed in this journal in 2009 [2], although adults also might suffer severe infections [3, 4]. This was the picture as late as 2018: a group of respiratory viruses that could cause serious illness in the very young, but with negligible mortality [5, 6].
JO  - Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/jpids/piaa018
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1093/jpids/piaa018
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Genetic diversity and evolution of SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Phan, Tung
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 is a viral respiratory illness caused by a new coronavirus called SARS-CoV-2. The World Health Organization declared the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak a global public health emergency. We performed genetic analyses of eighty-six complete or near-complete genomes of SARS-CoV-2 and revealed many mutations and deletions on coding and non-coding regions. These observations provided evidence of the genetic diversity and rapid evolution of this novel coronavirus.
JO  - Infection, Genetics and Evolution
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 104260
SP  - 104260
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104260
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1567134820300915
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The SARS, MERS and novel coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemics, the newest and biggest global health threats: what lessons have we learned?
AU  - Peeri, Noah C.
AU  - Shrestha, Nistha
AU  - Rahman, Md Siddikur
AU  - Zaki, Rafdzah
AU  - Tan, Zhengqi
AU  - Bibi, Saana
AU  - Baghbanzadeh, Mahdi
AU  - Aghamohammadi, Nasrin
AU  - Zhang, Wenyi
AU  - Haque, Ubydul
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - To provide an overview of the three major deadly coronaviruses and identify areas for improvement of future preparedness plans, as well as provide a critical assessment of the risk factors and actionable items for stopping their spread, utilizing lessons learned from the first two deadly coronavirus outbreaks, as well as initial reports from the current novel coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemic in Wuhan, China.Utilizing the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, USA) website, and a comprehensive review of PubMed literature, we obtained information regarding clinical signs and symptoms, treatment and diagnosis, transmission methods, protection methods and risk factors for Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and COVID-19. Comparisons between the viruses were made.Inadequate risk assessment regarding the urgency of the situation, and limited reporting on the virus within China has, in part, led to the rapid spread of COVID-19 throughout mainland China and into proximal and distant countries. Compared with SARS and MERS, COVID-19 has spread more rapidly, due in part to increased globalization and the focus of the epidemic. Wuhan, China is a large hub connecting the North, South, East and West of China via railways and a major international airport. The availability of connecting flights, the timing of the outbreak during the Chinese (Lunar) New Year, and the massive rail transit hub located in Wuhan has enabled the virus to perforate throughout China, and eventually, globally.We conclude that we did not learn from the two prior epidemics of coronavirus and were ill-prepared to deal with the challenges the COVID-19 epidemic has posed. Future research should attempt to address the uses and implications of internet of things (IoT) technologies for mapping the spread of infection.
JO  - International Journal of Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/ije/dyaa033
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyaa033
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Virus Isolation from the First Patient with SARS-CoV-2 in Korea
AU  - Park, Wan Beom
AU  - Kwon, Nak Jung
AU  - Choi, Su Jin
AU  - Kang, Chang Kyung
AU  - Choe, Pyoeng Gyun
AU  - Kim, Jin Yong
AU  - Yun, Jiyoung
AU  - Lee, Gir Won
AU  - Seong, Moon Woo
AU  - Kim, Nam Joong
AU  - Seo, Jeong Sun
AU  - Oh, Myoung Don
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is found to cause a large outbreak started from Wuhan since December 2019 in China and SARS-CoV-2 infections have been reported with epidemiological linkage to China in 25 countries until now. We isolated SARS-CoV-2 from the oropharyngeal sample obtained from the patient with the first laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection in Korea. Cytopathic effects of SARS-CoV-2 in the Vero cell cultures were confluent 3 days after the first blind passage of the sample. Coronavirus was confirmed with spherical particle having a fringe reminiscent of crown on transmission electron microscopy. Phylogenetic analyses of whole genome sequences showed that it clustered with other SARS-CoV-2 reported from Wuhan.
JO  - J Korean Med Sci
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 35
IS  - 7
PG  - e84-e84
SP  - e84
EP  - e84
AN  - 32080990
DO  - 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e84
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32080990
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Technologies and requirements of protection and disinfection in key places during the novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) outbreak
AU  - Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Emergency Response Key Places, Protection
AU  - Disinfection Technology Team, Chinese Center for Disease Control
AU  - Prevention
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP), a new respiratory infectious disease, has become an important public health problem. Inappropriate protection and disinfection measures are potential risk factors of transmission and outbreak of NCP in key places. This theme issue is concerned with the prevention and control of NCP. Comprehensive measures and suggestions for protection and disinfection are put forward from perspectives of functional areas in key places, such as hotels, mobile cabin hospitals, passenger transport stations and public transport facilities, environment and facilities, personal protection, operation management system, etc., so as to provide technical support for the prevention and control of new respiratory infectious diseases.
JO  - Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 0
PG  - E008-E008
SP  - E008
EP  - E008
AN  - 32077664
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20200217-00131
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32077664
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: another infectious disease emerging at the animal-human interface
AU  - Murdoch, David R.
AU  - French, Nigel P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - N Z Med J
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 133
IS  - 1510
PG  - 12-15
SP  - 12
EP  - 15
AN  - 32078596
DO  - 
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32078596
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Expert consensus on chloroquine phosphate for the treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - multicenter collaboration group of Department of, Science
AU  - Technology of Guangdong, Province
AU  - Health Commission of Guangdong Province for chloroquine in the treatment of novel coronavirus, pneumonia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - At the end of December 2019, a novel coronavirus (COVID-19) caused an outbreak in Wuhan, and has quickly spread to all provinces in China and 26 other countries around the world, leading to a serious situation for epidemic prevention. So far, there is still no specific medicine. Previous studies have shown that chloroquine phosphate (chloroquine) had a wide range of antiviral effects, including anti-coronavirus. Here we found that treating the patients diagnosed as novel coronavirus pneumonia with chloroquine might improve the success rate of treatment, shorten hospital stay and improve patient outcome. In order to guide and regulate the use of chloroquine in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia, the multicenter collaboration group of Department of Science and Technology of Guangdong Province and Health Commission of Guangdong Province for chloroquine in the treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia developed this expert consensus after extensive discussion. It recommended chloroquine phosphate tablet, 500mg twice per day for 10 days for patients diagnosed as mild, moderate and severe cases of novel coronavirus pneumonia and without contraindications to chloroquine.
JO  - Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 0
PG  - E019-E019
SP  - E019
EP  - E019
AN  - 32075365
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2020.0019
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32075365
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 
AU  - Matter, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Revue medicale suisse
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 16
IS  - 681
PG  - 340
SP  - 340
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L630928424
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preparing for the Most Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19: The Potential Role of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
AU  - MacLaren, Graeme
AU  - Fisher, Dale
AU  - Brodie, Daniel
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1001/jama.2020.2342
SP  - 10.1001/jama.2020.2342
EP  - 
AN  - 32074258
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.2342
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32074258
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Is it super-spreading?
AU  - MacKenzie, Debora
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - If the covid-19 virus is transmitted largely by superspreaders, it might not go pandemic, reports Debora MacKenzie
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 245
IS  - 3270
PG  - 5
SP  - 5
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30375-4
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920303754
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Standardized diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer during the outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia in Renji hospital
AU  - Luo, Y.
AU  - Zhong, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) is currently raging in China. It has been proven that NCP can be transmitted from human to human and cause hospital infection, which seriously threatens surgical staffs and inpatients. Although colorectal surgery is not a front-line subject in the fight against the epidemic, but in this special situation, now it is a difficult task that with the premise of how to maximize the protection for patients and their families, health of medical staff, and the safety of wards and hospitals, we can provide the highest quality medical services to ensure the orderly development of previous clinical work. Referring to the "Diagnosis and Treatment Scheme for NCP (Trial Version 4 and 5)" and combining the actual practice situation in our hospital with the "Summary of New Coronavirus Files of Shanghai Renji Hospital", we summarize how to carry out the clinical practice of colorectal surgery under the situation of the prevention and control of the NCP epidemiology, meanwhile under such situation aiming the procedure of diagnose and treatment for emergency patients with colorectal tumor, we share the experiences of the diagnosis of colorectal tumor, the management of patients with colorectal cancer who are scheduled to be admitted for surgery, the protection of wards, the perioperative management. More importantly, we introduce in detail the operative management and perioperative management of colorectal surgery patients suspected or diagnosed with new coronary pneumonia, including prevention and control measures for medical staff, operating rooms and surgical instruments. The main points are as follows: (1) Multidisciplinary team (MDT) must be run through the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer. The members include not only routine departments, but also respiratory department and infectious department. (2) Colonoscopy examination may cause cross infection of NCP to patients and doctors. Therefore, it is prior to examine the emergency cases and life-threatening patients (bleeding, obstruction, gastrointestinal foreign bodies, etc.). If the emergent patients (intestinal obstruction) with suspected or confirmed NCP, the surgeons must perform emergency surgery, and intestinal decompressive tube through colonoscopy is not recommended. (3) The colorectal cancer patients with suspected or confirmed NCP should be placed in the isolated room with separate medical devices, and the operative room with negative pressure (under-5 Pa) must be separated. All disposable medical items, body fluids and feces of the patients in perioperative periods must be unified disposed according to the medical waste standard. (4) The surgical medical workers who process colorectal cancer patients with NCP must be protected by three-level. After operation, the medical workers must receive medical observation and be isolated for 14 days. We hope our "Renji experience" will be beneficial to colleagues.
JO  - Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 23
IS  - 3
PG  - E003-E003
SP  - E003
EP  - E003
AN  - 32084676
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn441530-20200217-00057
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32084676
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel coronavirus (COVID‑19) epidemic: a veterinary perspective
AU  - Lorusso, A.
AU  - Calistri, P.
AU  - Petrini, A.
AU  - Savini, G.
AU  - Decaro, N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Veterinaria italiana
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.12834/VetIt.2173.11599.1
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L630928404 http://dx.doi.org/10.12834/VetIt.2173.11599.1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preliminary study of the relationship between novel coronavirus pneumonia and liver function damage: a multicenter study
AU  - Liu, C.
AU  - Jiang, Z. C.
AU  - Shao, C. X.
AU  - Zhang, H. G.
AU  - Yue, H. M.
AU  - Chen, Z. H.
AU  - Ma, B. Y.
AU  - Liu, W. Y.
AU  - Huang, H. H.
AU  - Yang, J.
AU  - Wang, Y.
AU  - Liu, H. Y.
AU  - Xu, D.
AU  - Wang, J. T.
AU  - Yang, J. Y.
AU  - Pan, H. Q.
AU  - Zou, S. Q.
AU  - Li, F. J.
AU  - Lei, J. Q.
AU  - Li, X.
AU  - He, Q.
AU  - Gu, Y.
AU  - Qi, X. L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics of cases of novel coronavirus pneumonia and a preliminary study to explore the relationship between different clinical classification and liver damage. Methods: Consecutively confirmed novel coronavirus infection cases admitted to seven designated hospitals during January 23, 2020 to February 8, 2020 were included. Clinical classification (mild, moderate, severe, and critical) was carried out according to the diagnosis and treatment program of novel coronavirus pneumonia (Trial Fifth Edition) issued by the National Health Commission. The research data were analyzed using SPSS19.0 statistical software. Quantitative data were expressed as median (interquartile range), and qualitative data were expressed as frequency and rate. Results: 32 confirmed cases that met the inclusion criteria were included. 28 cases were of mild or moderate type (87.50%), and four cases (12.50%) of severe or critical type. Four cases (12.5%) were combined with one underlying disease (bronchial asthma, coronary heart disease, malignant tumor, chronic kidney disease), and one case (3.13%) was simultaneously combined with high blood pressure and malignant tumor. The results of laboratory examination showed that the alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), albumin (ALB), and total bilirubin (TBil) for entire cohort were 26.98 (16.88 ~ 46.09) U/L and 24.75 (18.71 ~ 31.79) U/L, 39.00 (36.20 ~ 44.20) g/L and 16.40 (11.34- ~ 21.15) mmol/L, respectively. ALT, AST, ALB and TBil of the mild or moderate subgroups were 22.75 (16.31- ~ 37.25) U/L, 23.63 (18.71 ~ 26.50) U/L, 39.70 (36.50 ~ 46.10) g/L, and 15.95 (11.34 ~ 20.83) mmol/L, respectively. ALT, AST, ALB and TBil of the severe or critical subgroups were 60.25 (40.88 ~ 68.90) U/L, 37.00 (20.88 ~ 64.45) U/L, 35.75 (28.68 ~ 42.00) g/L, and 20.50 (11.28 ~ 25.00) mmol/L, respectively. Conclusion: The results of this multicenter retrospective study suggests that novel coronavirus pneumonia combined with liver damage is more likely to be caused by adverse drug reactions and systemic inflammation in severe patients receiving medical treatment. Therefore, liver function monitoring and evaluation should be strengthened during the treatment of such patients.
JO  - Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 28
IS  - 2
PG  - 148-152
SP  - 148
EP  - 152
AN  - 32077660
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-3418.2020.02.003
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32077660
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Asymptomatic novel coronavirus pneumonia patient outside WuHan: The value of CT images in the course of the disease
AU  - Lin, Chen
AU  - Ding, Yuxiao
AU  - Xie, Bin
AU  - Sun, Zhujian
AU  - Li, Xiaogang
AU  - Chen, Zixian
AU  - Niu, Meng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The purpose of this case report is to describe the imaging and associated clinical features of an asymptomatic novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) patient outside WuHan, China. The principle findings are that in this patient with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19, CT findings preceded symptoms and included bilateral pleural effusions, previously not reported in association with COVID-19. The role of this case report is promotion of potential recognition amongst radiologists of this new disease, which has been declared a global health emergency by the World Health Organization (WHO).
JO  - Clinical Imaging
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinimag.2020.02.008
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0899707120300565
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Author's Response: Case of the Index Patient Who Caused Tertiary Transmission of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Korea: the Application of Lopinavir/Ritonavir for the Treatment of COVID-19 Pneumonia Monitored by Quantitative RT-PCR
AU  - Lim, Jaegyun
AU  - Jeon, Seunghyun
AU  - Shin, Hyun Young
AU  - Kim, Moon Jung
AU  - Seong, Yu Min
AU  - Lee, Wang Jun
AU  - Choe, Kang Won
AU  - Kang, Yu Min
AU  - Lee, Baeckseung
AU  - Park, Sang Joon
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Korean Med Sci
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 35
IS  - 7
PG  - e89-e89
SP  - e89
EP  - e89
AN  - 32080993
DO  - 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e89
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32080993
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Comparison of the clinical characteristics between RNA positive and negative patients clinically diagnosed with 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - Li, Y. Y.
AU  - Wang, W. N.
AU  - Lei, Y.
AU  - Zhang, B.
AU  - Yang, J.
AU  - Hu, J. W.
AU  - Ren, Y. L.
AU  - Lu, Q. F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To raise awareness about 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) and reduce missed diagnosis rate and misdiagnosis rate by comparing the clinical characteristics between RNA positive and negative patients clinically diagnosed with NCP. Methods: From January 2020 to February 2020, 54 patients who were newly diagnosed with NCP in Wuhan Fourth Hospital were included in this study. RT-PCR method was used to measure the level of 2019-nCov RNA in pharyngeal swab samples of these patients. The patients were divided into RNA positive and negative group, and the differences of clinical, laboratory, and radiological characteristics were compared. Results: There were 31 RNA of 2019-nCov positive cases, and 23 negative cases. Common clinical symptoms of two groups were fever (80.64% vs. 86.96%) , chills (61.29% vs.52.17%) , cough (80.64% vs.95.65%) , fatigue (61.30% vs.56.52%) , chest distress (77.42% vs.73.91%) . Some other symptoms were headache, myalgia, dyspnea, diarrhea, nausea and vomiting. The laboratory and radiological characteristics of two groups mainly were lymphopenia, increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate, increased C-reactive protein, increased lactate dehydrogenase, decreased oxygenation index, normal white blood cell count and bilateral chest CT involvement. There was no statistically significant difference in other clinical characteristics except for dyspnea between two groups. Conclusions: RNA positive and negative NCP patients shared similar clinical symptoms, while RNA positive NCP patients tended to have dyspnea. Therefore, we should improve the understanding of NCP to prevent missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis; In addition, more rapid and accurate NCP diagnostic approaches should be further developed.
JO  - Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 0
PG  - E023-E023
SP  - E023
EP  - E023
AN  - 32087623
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20200214-00095
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32087623
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preliminary Recommendations for Lung Surgery during SARS-CoV-2 Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Epidemic Period
AU  - Li, Xin
AU  - Liu, Minghui
AU  - Zhao, Qingchun
AU  - Liu, Renwang
AU  - Zhang, Hongbing
AU  - Dong, Ming
AU  - Xu, Song
AU  - Zhao, Honglin
AU  - Wei, Sen
AU  - Song, Zuoqing
AU  - Chen, Gang
AU  - Chen, Jun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, China diagnosed the first patient with novel coronavirus pneumonia, and the following development of the epidemic had a huge impact on China and the whole world. For patients with lung occupying lesions, the whole process of diagnosis and treatment can not be carried out as usual due to the epidemic. For thoracic surgeons, the timing of surgical intervention should be very carefully considered. All thoracic surgeons in China should work together to develop the proper procedures for the diagnosis and treatment in this special situation, and continuously update the recommendations based on epidemic changes and further understanding of new coronavirus pneumonia. Here, we only offer some preliminary suggestions based on our own knowledge for further reference and discussion.
JO  - Zhongguo Fei Ai Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 23
IS  - 
PG  - 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2020.03.01
SP  - 10.3779/j.issn.1009
EP  - 3419.2020.03.01
AN  - 32077440
DO  - 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2020.03.01
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32077440
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Analysis of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) from different species sheds some light on cross-species receptor usage of a novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV
AU  - Li, Rui
AU  - Qiao, Songlin
AU  - Zhang, Gaiping
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.02.013
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0163445320300906
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Management strategy of Novel coronavirus pneumonia in burn and wound care ward
AU  - Li, N.
AU  - Liu, T. M.
AU  - Chen, H. L.
AU  - Liao, J. M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The prevention and control of novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) has already entered a key period . The patients treated in the burn and wound care ward are susceptible to viral infection because of disease, age and other factors, so it is very important to manage the burn and wound care ward during the prevention and control of NCP epidemic. In this paper, combining with the key clinical problems of prevention and control in hospital during the epidemic period of NCP infection, medical evidence, and clinical and management experience, the author formulates prevention and control management strategy of the author's unit in order to provide reference for prevention and control of burn and wound care ward.
JO  - Zhonghua Shao Shang Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 36
IS  - 0
PG  - E002-E002
SP  - E002
EP  - E002
AN  - 32077677
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn501120-20200210-00050
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32077677
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): The importance of recognising possible early ocular manifestation and using protective eyewear
AU  - Li, Ji-Peng Olivia
AU  - Lam, Dennis Shun Chiu
AU  - Chen, Youxin
AU  - Ting, Daniel Shu Wei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Br J Ophthalmol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 104
IS  - 3
PG  - 297-298
SP  - 297
EP  - 298
AN  - 32086236
DO  - 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2020-315994
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32086236
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Will heat kill the coronavirus?
AU  - Le Page, Michael
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We don't know if changing seasons will help stem the outbreak, says Michael Le Page
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 245
IS  - 3270
PG  - 6-7
SP  - 6
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30377-8
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920303778
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) cases in Hong Kong and implications for further spread
AU  - Kwok, Kin On
AU  - Wong, Valerie
AU  - Wei, Vivian Wan In
AU  - Wong, Samuel Yeung Shan
AU  - Tang, Julian Wei-Tze
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.02.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0163445320300840
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Calculating virus spread
AU  - Kucharski, Adam
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Getting a full picture of the coronavirus outbreak is extremely difficult. Maths can help plug some of the gaps, says Adam Kucharski
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 245
IS  - 3270
PG  - 23
SP  - 23
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30402-4
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920304024
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Processing of the SARS-CoV pp1a/ab nsp7-10 region
AU  - Krichel, Boris
AU  - Falke, Sven
AU  - Hilgenfeld, Rolf
AU  - Redecke, Lars
AU  - Uetrecht, Charlotte
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) is the causative agent of a respiratory disease with a high case fatality rate. During the formation of the coronaviral replication/transcription complex (RTC), essential steps include processing of the conserved polyprotein nsp7-10 region by the main protease Mpro and subsequent complex formation of the released nsp's. Here, we analyzed processing of the coronavirus nsp7-10 region using native mass spectrometry showing consumption of substrate, rise and fall of intermediate products and complexation. Importantly, there is a clear order of cleavage efficiencies, which is influenced by the polyprotein tertiary structure. Furthermore, the predominant product is an nsp7+8(2:2) hetero-tetramer with nsp8 scaffold. In conclusion, native MS, opposed to other methods, can expose the processing dynamics of viral polyproteins and the landscape of protein interactions in one set of experiments. Thereby, new insights into protein interactions, essential for generation of viral progeny, were provided, with relevance for development of antivirals.
JO  - Biochem J
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - BCJ20200029
SP  - BCJ20200029
EP  - 
AN  - 32083638
DO  - 10.1042/BCJ20200029
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32083638
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Communicating the Risk of Death from Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)
AU  - Kobayashi, Tetsuro
AU  - Jung, Sung-mok
AU  - Linton, M. Natalie
AU  - Kinoshita, Ryo
AU  - Hayashi, Katsuma
AU  - Miyama, Takeshi
AU  - Anzai, Asami
AU  - Yang, Yichi
AU  - Yuan, Baoyin
AU  - Akhmetzhanov, R. Andrei
AU  - Suzuki, Ayako
AU  - Nishiura, Hiroshi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - To understand the severity of infection for a given disease, it is common epidemiological practice to estimate the case fatality risk, defined as the risk of death among cases. However, there are three technical obstacles that should be addressed to appropriately measure this risk. First, division of the cumulative number of deaths by that of cases tends to underestimate the actual risk because deaths that will occur have not yet observed, and so the delay in time from illness onset to death must be addressed. Second, the observed dataset of reported cases represents only a proportion of all infected individuals and there can be a substantial number of asymptomatic and mildly infected individuals who are never diagnosed. Third, ascertainment bias and risk of death among all those infected would be smaller when estimated using shorter virus detection windows and less sensitive diagnostic laboratory tests. In the ongoing COVID-19 epidemic, health authorities must cope with the uncertainty in the risk of death from COVID-19, and high-risk individuals should be identified using approaches that can address the abovementioned three problems. Although COVID-19 involves mostly mild infections among the majority of the general population, the risk of death among young adults is higher than that of seasonal influenza, and elderly with underlying comorbidities require additional care.
JO  - Journal of Clinical Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 2
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/jcm9020580
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Rules on isolation rooms for suspected covid-19 cases in GP surgeries to be relaxed
AU  - Kmietowicz, Zosia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m707-m707
SP  - m707
EP  - m707
AN  - 32086235
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m707
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32086235
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Drug trials under way
AU  - Klein, Alice
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We'll soon know if covid-19 can be treated with drugs developed for HIV and Ebola, reports Alice Klein
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 245
IS  - 3270
PG  - 6
SP  - 6
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30376-6
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920303766
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Viral Load Kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in First Two Patients in Korea
AU  - Kim, Jin Yong
AU  - Ko, Jae Hoon
AU  - Kim, Yeonjae
AU  - Kim, Yae Jean
AU  - Kim, Jeong Min
AU  - Chung, Yoon Seok
AU  - Kim, Heui Man
AU  - Han, Myung Guk
AU  - Kim, So Yeon
AU  - Chin, Bum Sik
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As of February 2020, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak started in China in December 2019 has been spreading in many countries in the world. With the numbers of confirmed cases are increasing, information on the epidemiologic investigation and clinical manifestation have been accumulated. However, data on viral load kinetics in confirmed cases are lacking. Here, we present the viral load kinetics of the first two confirmed patients with mild to moderate illnesses in Korea in whom distinct viral load kinetics are shown. This report suggests that viral load kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 may be different from that of previously reported other coronavirus infections such as SARS-CoV.
JO  - J Korean Med Sci
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 35
IS  - 7
PG  - e86-e86
SP  - e86
EP  - e86
AN  - 32080991
DO  - 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e86
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32080991
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Letter to the Editor: Case of the Index Patient Who Caused Tertiary Transmission of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Korea: the Application of Lopinavir/Ritonavir for the Treatment of COVID-19 Pneumonia Monitored by Quantitative RT-PCR
AU  - Kim, Jin Yong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Korean Med Sci
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 35
IS  - 7
PG  - e88-e88
SP  - e88
EP  - e88
AN  - 32080992
DO  - 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e88
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32080992
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Fear of the novel coronavirus
AU  - Kelvin, D. J.
AU  - Rubino, S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 14
IS  - 1
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3855/jidc.12496
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2004902046 http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.12496
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - In this issue of Occupational Medicine
AU  - Jackson-Koku, Gordon
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The recent COVID-19 outbreak in Wuhan city (Hubei Province of central China), presents significant public health challenges not only in china but across all affected countries worldwide. Koh [1] succinctly describes what coronaviruses are, and outlines six known species associated with human illnesses. The article also describes countries of origin of previous coronavirus disease outbreaks and reports number of known fatalities with associated case-fatality rates. Occupations implicated in the current COVID-19 outbreak are detailed and groups at high risk of contracting the infection e.g. healthcare workers highlighted. Social stigmatisation associated with COVID-19 is explored and suggested measures to contain the infection discussed.
JO  - Occupational Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/occmed/kqaa028
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqaa028
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Thinking of treatment strategies for colorectal cancer patients in tumor hospitals under the background of coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - Hu, X. H.
AU  - Niu, W. B.
AU  - Zhang, J. F.
AU  - Li, B. K.
AU  - Yu, B.
AU  - Zhang, Z. Y.
AU  - Zhou, C. X.
AU  - Zhang, X. N.
AU  - Gao, Y.
AU  - Wang, G. Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, a new outbreak of coronavirus pneumonia began to occur. Its pathogen is 2019-nCoV, which has the characteristics of strong infectivity and general susceptibility. The current situation of prevention and control of new coronavirus pneumonia is severe. In this context, as front-line medical workers bearing important responsibilities and pressure, while through strict management strategy, we can minimize the risk of infection exposure. By summarizing the research progress and guidelines in recent years in the fields of colorectal cancer disease screening, treatment strategies(including early colorectal cancer, locally advanced colorectal cancer, obstructive colorectal cancer, metastatic colorectal cancer and the treatment of patients after neoadjuvant therapy), the choice of medication and time limit for adjuvant therapy, the protective measures for patients undergoing emergency surgery, the re-examination of postoperative patients and the protection of medical staff, etc., authors improve treatment strategies in order to provide more choices for patients to obtain the best treatment under the severe epidemic situation of new coronavirus pneumonia. Meanwhile we hope that it can also provide more timely treatment modeling schemes for colleagues.
JO  - Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 23
IS  - 3
PG  - E002-E002
SP  - E002
EP  - E002
AN  - 32084675
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn441530-20200217-00058
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32084675
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel coronavirus pneumonia related liver injury: etiological analysis and treatment strategy
AU  - Hu, L. L.
AU  - Wang, W. J.
AU  - Zhu, Q. J.
AU  - Yang, L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia(NCP) caused by 2019 novel coronavirus has become a global public health challenge. Some patients accompany with liver function damage in addition to the main typical respiratory symptom. Here we analyzed the clinical features, susceptible population, potential causes and therapeutic strategies of NCP related liver injury.
JO  - Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 28
IS  - 0
PG  - E001-E001
SP  - E001
EP  - E001
AN  - 32075364
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-3418.2020.02.001
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32075364
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Risk assessment of exported risk of novel coronavirus pneumonia from Hubei Province
AU  - Hu, J. X.
AU  - He, G. H.
AU  - Liu, T.
AU  - Xiao, J. P.
AU  - Rong, Z. H.
AU  - Guo, L. C.
AU  - Zeng, W. L.
AU  - Zhu, Z. H.
AU  - Gong, D. X.
AU  - Yin, L. H.
AU  - Wan, D. H.
AU  - Zeng, L. L.
AU  - Ma, W. J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To evaluate the exported risk of novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) from Hubei Province and the imported risk in various provinces across China. Methods: Data of reported NCP cases and Baidu Migration Indexin all provinces of the country as of February 14, 2020 were collected. The correlation analysis between cumulative number of reported cases and the migration index from Hubei was performed, and the imported risks from Hubei to different provinces across China were further evaluated. Results: A total of 49 970 confirmed cases were reported nationwide, of which 37 884 were in Hubei Province. The average daily migration index from Hubei to other provinces was 312.09, Wuhan and other cities in Hubei were 117.95 and 194.16, respectively. The cumulative NCP cases of provinces was positively correlated with the migration index derived from Hubei province, also in Wuhan and other cities in Hubei, with correlation coefficients of 0.84, 0.84, and 0.81. In linear model, population migration from Hubei Province, Wuhan and other cities in Hubei account for 71.2%, 70.1%, and 66.3% of the variation, respectively. The period of high exported risk from Hubei occurred before January 27, of which the risks before January 23 mainly came from Wuhan, and then mainly from other cities in Hubei. Hunan Province, Henan Province and Guangdong Province ranked the top three in terms of cumulative imported risk (the cumulative risk indices were 58.61, 54.75 and 49.62 respectively). Conclusion: The epidemic in each province was mainly caused by the importation of Hubei Province. Taking measures such as restricting the migration of population in Hubei Province and strengthening quarantine measures for immigrants from Hubei Province may greatly reduce the risk of continued spread of the epidemic.
JO  - Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 0
PG  - E017-E017
SP  - E017
EP  - E017
AN  - 32083409
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20200219-00142
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32083409
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Offline: Facts are not enough
AU  - Horton, Richard
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10224
PG  - 546
SP  - 546
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30405-0
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30405-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical Features of Atypical 2019 Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia with an initially Negative RT-PCR Assay
AU  - Hao, Wendong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.02.008
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0163445320300943
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Exploring the mechanism of liver enzyme abnormalities in patients with novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia
AU  - Guan, G. W.
AU  - Gao, L.
AU  - Wang, J. W.
AU  - Wen, X. J.
AU  - Mao, T. H.
AU  - Peng, S. W.
AU  - Zhang, T.
AU  - Chen, X. M.
AU  - Lu, F. M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To explore and analyze the possible mechanism of liver injury in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (novel coronavirus pneumonia, NCP). Methods: The correlation between ALT, AST and other liver enzyme changes condition and NCP patients' disease status reported in the literature was comprehensively analyzed. ACE2 expression in liver tissue for novel coronavirus was analyzed based on single cell sequencing (GSE115469) data. RNA-Seq method was used to analyze Ace2 expression and transcription factors related to its expression in liver tissues at various time-points after hepatectomy in mouse model of acute liver injury with partial hepatectomy. t-test or Spearman rank correlation analysis was used for statistical analysis. Results: ALT and AST were abnormally elevated in some patients with novel coronavirus infection, and the rate and extent of ALT and AST elevation in severe NCP patients were higher than those in non-severe patients. Liver tissue results of single cell sequencing and immunohistochemistry showed that ACE2 was only expressed in bile duct epithelial cells of normal liver tissues, and very low in hepatocytes. In a mouse model of acute liver injury with partial hepatectomy, Ace2 expression was down-regulated on the first day, but it was elevated up to twice of the normal level on the third day, and returned to normal level on seventh day when the liver recovered and hepatocyte proliferation stopped. Whether this phenomenon suggests that the bile duct epithelial cells with positive expression of Ace2 participate in the process of liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy deserves further study. In RNA-Seq data, 77 transcription factors were positively correlated with the expression of ACE2 (r > 0.2, FDR < 0.05), which were mainly enriched in the development, differentiation, morphogenesis and cell proliferation of glandular epithelial cells. Conclusion: We assumed that in addition to the over activated inflammatory response in patients with NCP, the up-regulation of ACE2 expression in liver tissue caused by compensatory proliferation of hepatocytes derived from bile duct epithelial cells may also be the possible mechanism of liver tissue injury caused by 2019 novel coronavirus infection.
JO  - Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 28
IS  - 2
PG  - E002-E002
SP  - E002
EP  - E002
AN  - 32077659
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-3418.2020.02.002
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32077659
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Potential benefits of precise corticosteroids therapy for severe 2019-nCoV pneumonia
AU  - Gao, Wei Zhou
AU  - Yisi, Liu
AU  - Dongdong, Tian
AU  - Cheng, Wang
AU  - Sa, Wang
AU  - Jing, Cheng
AU  - Ming, Hu
AU  - Minghao, Fang
AU  - Yue
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Salvage corticosteroids treatment for critical patients with 2019-nCoV? Corticosteroids are widely used to prevent lung injury caused by severe community-acquired pneumonia (sCAP) due to their excellent pharmacological effects on the suppression of exuberant and dysfunctional systematic inflammation5. Some scholars may not support the corticosteroids treatment for novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP), because observational studies and systematic reviews have indicated inconclusive clinical evidence on the effect of corticosteroids therapy for viral pneumonias (such as SARS, MERS and H1N1). Additionally, pulse-dose therapy or long-term administration to high dose of corticosteroids in early stage were reported to be possibly harmful6,7,8. However, these conclusions obscured the clinical benefits of corticosteroids on some subgroups of patients, particularly those with severe symptoms, as the clinical effects might be related to the indication (severities of illness), the timing of intervention, the dose and duration of corticosteroids therapy9.
JO  - Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 5
IS  - 1
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41392-020-0127-9
UR  - https://doaj.org/article/18a3df3e917b4681805a7febb11a8b6d
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chinese medical personnel against the 2019-nCoV
AU  - Feng, Zhan-hui
AU  - Cheng, Yong-ran
AU  - Chen, Juan
AU  - Ye, Lan
AU  - Zhou, Meng-Yun
AU  - Wang, Ming-Wei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.02.011
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0163445320300827
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2: a novel deadly virus in a globalised world
AU  - Dilcher, Meik
AU  - Werno, Anja
AU  - Jennings, Lance C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - N Z Med J
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 133
IS  - 1510
PG  - 6-11
SP  - 6
EP  - 11
AN  - 32078595
DO  - 
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32078595
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Real-time forecasts of the COVID-19 epidemic in China from February 5th to February 24th, 2020
AU  - Chowell, K. Roosa
AU  - Lee, Y.
AU  - Luo, R.
AU  - Kirpich, A.
AU  - Rothenberg, R.
AU  - Hyman, J. M.
AU  - Yan, P.
AU  - G
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The initial cluster of severe pneumonia cases that triggered the COVID-19 epidemic was identified in Wuhan, China in December 2019. While early cases of the disease were linked to a wet market, human-to-human transmission has driven the rapid spread of the virus throughout China. The Chinese government has implemented containment strategies of city-wide lockdowns, screening at airports and train stations, and isolation of suspected patients; however, the cumulative case count keeps growing every day. The ongoing outbreak presents a challenge for modelers, as limited data are available on the early growth trajectory, and the epidemiological characteristics of the novel coronavirus are yet to be fully elucidated.We use phenomenological models that have been validated during previous outbreaks to generate and assess short-term forecasts of the cumulative number of confirmed reported cases in Hubei province, the epicenter of the epidemic, and for the overall trajectory in China, excluding the province of Hubei. We collect daily reported cumulative confirmed cases for the 2019-nCoV outbreak for each Chinese province from the National Health Commission of China. Here, we provide 5, 10, and 15 day forecasts for five consecutive days, February 5th through February 9th, with quantified uncertainty based on a generalized logistic growth model, the Richards growth model, and a sub-epidemic wave model.Our most recent forecasts reported here, based on data up until February 9, 2020, largely agree across the three models presented and suggest an average range of 7409–7496 additional confirmed cases in Hubei and 1128–1929 additional cases in other provinces within the next five days. Models also predict an average total cumulative case count between 37,415 and 38,028 in Hubei and 11,588–13,499 in other provinces by February 24, 2020.Mean estimates and uncertainty bounds for both Hubei and other provinces have remained relatively stable in the last three reporting dates (February 7th – 9th). We also observe that each of the models predicts that the epidemic has reached saturation in both Hubei and other provinces. Our findings suggest that the containment strategies implemented in China are successfully reducing transmission and that the epidemic growth has slowed in recent days. Keywords: COVID-19, Coronavirus, China, Real-time forecasts, Phenomenological models
JO  - Infectious Disease Modelling
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 5
IS  - 
PG  - 256-263
SP  - 256
EP  - 263
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://doaj.org/article/0276c63770da45029691ba6040d13cbd
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Treatment strategy for gastrointestinal tumor under the outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia in China
AU  - Chen, Y. H.
AU  - Peng, J. S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of the novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) has become a public health emergency in China. Chinese authorities and health agencies had devoted great efforts to control this disease. As surgeons specialized in the treatment of gastrointestinal tumors, we should always be aware of the prevention for NCP and incorporate this awareness into every detail of clinical practice. For the patients with gastrointestinal tumors, pre-admission screening should be done in order to rule out NCP. Real-time RT-PCR panel and chest CT scan should be conducted for patients with fever (>37.3℃), travel history to Hubei Province within 14 days, or contact history with residents from Wuhan district within 14 days. Prevention measures for both medical staffs and the screen-negative admitted patients should also be enhanced because false negative is possible. Medical instruments should be properly discarded or disinfected according to standardized procedures established by the local center for disease control and prevention (CDC). Surgical operation should be reduced at a minimal level to prevent cross infection in this special period.Surgical intervention for benign tumor should be postponed. For malignant tumor, multidisciplinary therapy (MDT) is recommended and non-surgical anti-tumor therapy should be selected with higher priority. Neoadjuvant therapy is highly recommended for gastrointestinal cancer at advanced stages that meet the indications of NCCN guideline (gastric cancer T stage ≥ 2/rectal cancer T stage ≥ 3/unresectable colon cancer). Gastric or esophagogastricjunction (EGJ) malignant tumor with obstruction can be managed with gastric tube decompression or stent placement to relieve the symptoms. Transnasal enteral feeding tube intubation/percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy could be adopted to ensure enteral nutrition supply. For colorectal malignancy with simple intestinal obstruction, stent placement can achieve a high success rate, which not only helps avoid emergency surgery, but also creates a better condition for subsequent surgery. Transcatheter arterial embolization for hemostasis is an alternative choice for gastrointestinal tumor with bleeding. However, emergency operation still must be performed for patients with acute uncontrolled bleeding, obstruction or after other alternative treatment measures fail. All cases with suspicious or confirmed with NCP must be reported to the local CDC department. All invasive intervention must be performed in a designated isolation area. Tertiary prevention measure must be adopted for all anesthetists with additional face mask or medical goggle protection to prevent respiratory droplet transmission. Preventive enterostomy is preferable in lower digestive tract surgery. Thoroughly disinfecting the operating room after surgery is necessary. Fever after surgery must be carefully differentiated whether it's caused by post-surgery abdominal infection/inflammation or NCP. Single-room isolation and related examinations should be performed according to the standard procedures. We believe that with the unprecedentedly joint efforts of doctors and patients, we will eventually win this war against NCP.
JO  - Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 23
IS  - 2
PG  - I-IV
SP  - I
EP  - IV
AN  - 32074786
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1671-0274.2020.02.001
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32074786
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Disease 2019: Coronaviruses and Blood Safety
AU  - Chang, Le
AU  - Yan, Ying
AU  - Wang, Lunan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - With the outbreak of unknown pneumonia in Wuhan, China in December 2019, a new coronavirus, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) aroused the attention of the entire world. The current outbreak of infections with SARS-CoV-2 is termed Corona Virus Disease- 2019 (COVID-19). The World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 in China as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC). Two other corona virus infections-- SARS in 2002–2003 and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) in 2012-- both caused severe respiratory syndrome in humans. All three of these emerging infectious diseases leading to a global spread are caused by beta-coronaviruses. Although coronaviruses usually infect the upper or lower respiratory tract, viral shedding in plasma or serum is common. Therefore, there is still a theoretical risk of transmission of coronaviruses through the transfusion of labile blood products. Because more and more asymptomatic infections are being found among COVID-19 cases, considerations of blood safety and coronaviruses have arisen especially in endemic areas. In this review, we detail current evidence and understanding of the transmission of SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 through blood products as of February 10, 2020 and also discuss pathogen inactivation methods on coronaviruses.
JO  - Transfusion Medicine Reviews
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmrv.2020.02.003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0887796320300146
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Global challenges in health and health care for nurses and midwives everywhere
AU  - Catton, H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The next decade is likely to produce any number of global challenges that will affect health and health care, including pan-national infections such as the new coronavirus COVID-19 and others that will be related to global warming. Nurses will be required to react to these events, even though they will also be affected as ordinary citizens. The future resilience of healthcare services will depend on having sufficient numbers of nurses who are adequately resourced to face the coming challenges.
JO  - Int Nurs Rev
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 67
IS  - 1
PG  - 4-6
SP  - 4
EP  - 6
AN  - 32083728
DO  - 10.1111/inr.12578
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32083728
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel Viruses, Zoonotic Infections, and Travel Health
AU  - Brucker, Mary C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nursing for Women's Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nwh.2020.02.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1751485120300428
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Risk Assessment of Novel Coronavirus COVID-19 Outbreaks Outside China Characteristics of and Public Health Responses to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Outbreak in China
AU  - Boldog, Péter
AU  - Tekeli, Tamás
AU  - Vizi, Zsolt
AU  - Dénes, Attila
AU  - Bartha, A. Ferenc
AU  - Röst, Gergely
AU  - Deng, Sheng-Qun
AU  - Peng, Hong-Juan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We developed a computational tool to assess the risks of novel coronavirus outbreaks outside of China. We estimate the dependence of the risk of a major outbreak in a country from imported cases on key parameters such as: (i) the evolution of the cumulative number of cases in mainland China outside the closed areas; (ii) the connectivity of the destination country with China, including baseline travel frequencies, the effect of travel restrictions, and the efficacy of entry screening at destination; and (iii) the efficacy of control measures in the destination country (expressed by the local reproduction number R loc ). We found that in countries with low connectivity to China but with relatively high R loc , the most beneficial control measure to reduce the risk of outbreaks is a further reduction in their importation number either by entry screening or travel restrictions. Countries with high connectivity but low R loc benefit the most from policies that further reduce R loc . Countries in the middle should consider a combination of such policies. Risk assessments were illustrated for selected groups of countries from America, Asia, and Europe. We investigated how their risks depend on those parameters, and how the risk is increasing in time as the number of cases in China is growing. In December 2019, cases of unidentified pneumonia with a history of exposure in the Huanan Seafood Market were reported in Wuhan, Hubei Province. A novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, was identified to be accountable for this disease. Human-to-human transmission is confirmed, and this disease (named COVID-19 by World Health Organization (WHO)) spread rapidly around the country and the world. As of 18 February 2020, the number of confirmed cases had reached 75,199 with 2009 fatalities. The COVID-19 resulted in a much lower case-fatality rate (about 2.67%) among the confirmed cases, compared with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS). Among the symptom composition of the 45 fatality cases collected from the released official reports, the top four are fever, cough, short of breath, and chest tightness/pain. The major comorbidities of the fatality cases include hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease, cerebral infarction, and chronic bronchitis. The source of the virus and the pathogenesis of this disease are still unconfirmed. No specific therapeutic drug has been found. The Chinese Government has initiated a level-1 public health response to prevent the spread of the disease. Meanwhile, it is also crucial to speed up the development of vaccines and drugs for treatment, which will enable us to defeat COVID-19 as soon as possible.
JO  - Journal of Clinical Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 2
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/jcm9020571 10.3390/jcm9020575ER -
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chest CT Findings in Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19): Relationship to Duration of Infection
AU  - Bernheim, Adam
AU  - Mei, Xueyan
AU  - Huang, Mingqian
AU  - Yang, Yang
AU  - Fayad, Zahi A.
AU  - Zhang, Ning
AU  - Diao, Kaiyue
AU  - Lin, Bin
AU  - Zhu, Xiqi
AU  - Li, Kunwei
AU  - Li, Shaolin
AU  - Shan, Hong
AU  - Jacobi, Adam
AU  - Chung, Michael
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In this retrospective study, chest CTs of 121 symptomatic patients infected with coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) from four centers in China from January 18, 2020 to February 2, 2020 were reviewed for common CT findings in relationship to the time between symptom onset and the initial CT scan (i.e. early, 0-2 days (36 patients), intermediate 3-5 days (33 patients), late 6-12 days (25 patients)). The hallmarks of COVID-19 infection on imaging were bilateral and peripheral ground-glass and consolidative pulmonary opacities. Notably, 20/36 (56%) of early patients had a normal CT. With a longer time after the onset of symptoms, CT findings were more frequent, including consolidation, bilateral and peripheral disease, greater total lung involvement, linear opacities, "crazy-paving" pattern and the "reverse halo" sign. Bilateral lung involvement was observed in 10/36 early patients (28%), 25/33 intermediate patients (76%), and 22/25 late patients (88%).
JO  - Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 200463-200463
SP  - 200463
EP  - 200463
AN  - 32077789
DO  - 10.1148/radiol.2020200463
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32077789
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Presumed Asymptomatic Carrier Transmission of COVID-19
AU  - Bai, Yan
AU  - Yao, Lingsheng
AU  - Wei, Tao
AU  - Tian, Fei
AU  - Jin, Dong-Yan
AU  - Chen, Lijuan
AU  - Wang, Meiyun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1001/jama.2020.2565
SP  - 10.1001/jama.2020.2565
EP  - 
AN  - 32083643
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.2565
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32083643
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The non-contact handheld cutaneous infra-red thermometer for fever screening during the COVID-19 global emergency
AU  - Aw, Dr Junjie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Hospital Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2020.02.010
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S019567012030058X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-2019: the role of the nsp2 and nsp3 in its pathogenesis
AU  - Angeletti, Silvia
AU  - Benvenuto, Domenico
AU  - Bianchi, Martina
AU  - Giovanetti, Marta
AU  - Pascarella, Stefano
AU  - Ciccozzi, Massimo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Last December 2019, a new virus, named COVID-2019 causing many cases of severe pneumonia was reported in Wuhan, China. The virus knowledge is limited and especially about COVID-2019 pathogenesis. The Open Reading Frame 1ab (ORF1ab) of COVID-2019 has been analyzed to evidence the presence of mutation caused by selective pressure on the virus. For selective pressure analysis fast-unconstrained Bayesian approximation (FUBAR) was used. Homology modelling has been performed by SwissModel and HHPred servers. The presence of transmembrane helical segments in Coronavirus ORF1ab nsp2 and nsp3, was tested by TMHMM, MEMSAT and MEMPACK tools. Three-dimensional structures have been analyzed and displayed using PyMOL. FUBAR analysis revealed the presence of potential sites under positive selective pressure (p-value < 0.05). Position 723 in the COVID-2019 has a serine instead a glycine residue, while at aminoacidic position 1010 a proline instead an isoleucine. Significant (p < 0.05) pervasive negative selection in 2416 sites (55%) was found. The positive selective pressure could account for some clinical features of this virus compared to SARS and Bat SARS-like CoV. The stabilizing mutation falling in the endosome-associated-protein-like domain of the nsp2 protein could account for COVID-2019 high ability of contagious, while the destabilizing mutation in nsp3 proteins could suggest a potential mechanism differentiating COVID-2019 from SARS. These data could be helpful for further investigation aimed to identify potential therapeutic targets or vaccine strategy, especially in the actual moment when the epidemic is ongoing and the scientific community is trying to enrich knowledge about this new viral pathogen. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - J Med Virol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1002/jmv.25719
SP  - 10.1002/jmv.25719
EP  - 
AN  - 32083328
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25719
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32083328
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - In Case You Haven't Heard…
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - China reported a major drop in new coronavirus cases to 2,641 on Feb. 15, a decline after Chinese officials began implementing measures to contain the illness, and a slight increase in new deaths to 143, Fox News reported Feb. 16. The new figures bring the total number of deaths from the virus, now known as COVID-19, to 1,523 globally, and there are 66,492 confirmed cases in the country, according to China's National Health Commission. The outbreak has taxed health care workers, doctors and nurses throughout China, particularly in Wuhan, where it first originated in December 2019. Robots have been deployed in some hospitals to deliver medicines and disinfect surfaces so workers are free to do other tasks. Survivors of the outbreak in China could face a mental health toll after weeks of being quarantined from the rest of the world, which could create anxiety and fear, according to some mental health professionals.
JO  - Mental Health Weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 30
IS  - 8
PG  - 8-8
SP  - 8
EP  - 8
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/mhw.32253
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/mhw.32253
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - World Economic Prospects Monthly
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Overview: Coronavirus to cut global growth to new lows ▀ The rapid spread of coronavirus will weaken China's GDP growth sharply in the short term, causing disruption for the rest of the world. We now expect global GDP growth to slow to just 1.9% y/y in Q1 this year and have lowered our forecast for 2020 as a whole from 2.5% to 2.3%, down from 2.6% in 2019. ▀ Prior to the coronavirus outbreak, there had been signs that the worst was over for both world trade and the manufacturing sector. However, this tentative optimism has been dashed by the current disruption. ▀ While the near-term impact of the virus is uncertain, the disruption to China will clearly be significant in Q1 ? we expect Chinese GDP growth to plunge to just 3.8% y/y. Even though growth there will rebound in Q2 and Q3, it will take time for the loss in activity to be fully recovered and we now expect GDP growth of just 5.4% for 2020 as a whole, a downward revision of 0.6pp from last month. ▀ Weaker Chinese imports and tourism and disruption to global supply chains will take a toll on the rest of the world, particularly in the Asia-Pacific region. And the shock will exacerbate the ongoing slowdown in the US and may result in the eurozone barely expanding for a second quarter running in Q1. ▀ Weaker oil demand in the short term has prompted us to lower our Brent oil price forecast. We have cut our projection for growth in crude demand in 2020 by 0.2m b/d to 0.9 mb/d and now forecast Brent crude will average $62.4pb in 2020, down from about $65pb in our January forecast. ▀ Quarterly global growth is likely to strengthen a little in H2 this year as the disruption fades and firms make up for the lost output earlier in the year and the effect of China's policy response starts to feed through. But for 2020 overall, global growth is now likely to be just 2.3%, 0.2pp weaker than previously assumed as a result of the epidemic.
JO  - Economic Outlook
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 44
IS  - S2
PG  - 1-33
SP  - 1
EP  - 33
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/1468-0319.12472
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0319.12472
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Risk and Prevention of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Infections Among Inpatients in Psychiatric Hospitals
AU  - Zhu, Yuncheng
AU  - Chen, Liangliang
AU  - Ji, Haifeng
AU  - Xi, Maomao
AU  - Fang, Yiru
AU  - Li, Yi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since the middle of December 2019, human-to-human transmission of novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP, also called COVID-19) has occurred among close contacts [1]. After the outbreak on January 21, 2020, it was swiftly included among the Class B infectious diseases stipulated in the Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases, and measures for prevention and control of Class A infectious diseases were adopted. At 21:27 on February 12, 2020, the China News Network updated information to include epidemic data from the National Health Commission and official channels in Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan regions: the highest death rate was in Wuhan City (Table 1). Overload of inpatients at hospitals may play a negative role in the overall therapeutic effect and contribute to the death rateER -
JO  - Neuroscience Bulletin
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12264-020-00476-9
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12264-020-00476-9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chinese medical staff request international medical assistance in fighting against COVID-19
AU  - Zeng, Yingchun
AU  - Zhen, Yan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Global Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30065-6
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214109X20300656
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Facing the COVID-19 outbreak: What should we know and what could we do?
AU  - Yang, Yi
AU  - Shang, Weilong
AU  - Rao, Xiancai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), emerged in Wuhan, Hubei Province in China in December 2019 and caused a serious type of pneumonia called coronavirus disease 2019 or COVID-19. This epidemic quickly spread across China and extended to more than 20 other countries. This commentary discusses the reasons for the fast spread of SARS-CoV-2 in three aspects: the infectious sources, including the biological nature of the virus; the susceptible population; and the transmission routes. The current situations and suggestions regarding the control of the disease are summarized. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - J Med Virol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1002/jmv.25720
SP  - 10.1002/jmv.25720
EP  - 
AN  - 32091134
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25720
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32091134
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study
AU  - Yang, Xiaobo
AU  - Yu, Yuan
AU  - Xu, Jiqian
AU  - Shu, Huaqing
AU  - Xia, Jia'an
AU  - Liu, Hong
AU  - Wu, Yongran
AU  - Zhang, Lu
AU  - Yu, Zhui
AU  - Fang, Minghao
AU  - Yu, Ting
AU  - Wang, Yaxin
AU  - Pan, Shangwen
AU  - Zou, Xiaojing
AU  - Yuan, Shiying
AU  - Shang, You
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Summary Background An ongoing outbreak of pneumonia associated with the severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) started in December, 2019, in Wuhan, China. Information about critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection is scarce. We aimed to describe the clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. Methods In this single-centered, retrospective, observational study, we enrolled 52 critically ill adult patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia who were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) of Wuhan Jin Yin-tan hospital (Wuhan, China) between late December, 2019, and Jan 26, 2020. Demographic data, symptoms, laboratory values, comorbidities, treatments, and clinical outcomes were all collected. Data were compared between survivors and non-survivors. The primary outcome was 28-day mortality, as of Feb 9, 2020. Secondary outcomes included incidence of SARS-CoV-2-related acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and the proportion of patients requiring mechanical ventilation. Findings Of 710 patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia, 52 critically ill adult patients were included. The mean age of the 52 patients was 59·7 (SD 13·3) years, 35 (67%) were men, 21 (40%) had chronic illness, 51 (98%) had fever. 32 (61·5%) patients had died at 28 days, and the median duration from admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) to death was 7 (IQR 3–11) days for non-survivors. Compared with survivors, non-survivors were older (64·6 years [11·2] vs 51·9 years [12·9]), more likely to develop ARDS (26 [81%] patients vs 9 [45%] patients), and more likely to receive mechanical ventilation (30 [94%] patients vs 7 [35%] patients), either invasively or non-invasively. Most patients had organ function damage, including 35 (67%) with ARDS, 15 (29%) with acute kidney injury, 12 (23%) with cardiac injury, 15 (29%) with liver dysfunction, and one (2%) with pneumothorax. 37 (71%) patients required mechanical ventilation. Hospital-acquired infection occurred in seven (13·5%) patients. Interpretation The mortality of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia is considerable. The survival time of the non-survivors is likely to be within 1–2 weeks after ICU admission. Older patients (>65 years) with comorbidities and ARDS are at increased risk of death. The severity of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia poses great strain on critical care resources in hospitals, especially if they are not adequately staffed or resourced. Funding None.
JO  - The Lancet Respiratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30079-5
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213260020300795
NS  - 
N1  - Qingxia Zhong (2020-04-14 22:55:14)(Included): Corrected: 48074; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Unveiling the Origin and Transmission of 2019-nCoV
AU  - Xu, Yifei
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - A novel coronavirus has caused thousands of human infections in China since December 2019, raising a global public health concern. Recent studies (Huang et al., Chan et al., and Zhou et al.) have provided timely insights into its origin and ability to spread among humans, informing infection prevention and control practices.
JO  - Trends in Microbiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.tim.2020.02.001
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tim.2020.02.001
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - High expression of ACE2 receptor of 2019-nCoV on the epithelial cells of oral mucosa
AU  - Xu, Hao
AU  - Zhong, Liang
AU  - Deng, Jiaxin
AU  - Peng, Jiakuan
AU  - Dan, Hongxia
AU  - Zeng, Xin
AU  - Li, Taiwen
AU  - Chen, Qianming
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - It has been reported that ACE2 is the main host cell receptor of 2019-nCoV and plays a crucial role in the entry of virus into the cell to cause the final infection. To investigate the potential route of 2019-nCov infection on the mucosa of oral cavity, bulk RNA-seq profiles from two public databases including The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Functional Annotation of The Mammalian Genome Cap Analysis of Gene Expression (FANTOM5 CAGE) dataset were collected. RNA-seq profiling data of 13 organ types with para-carcinoma normal tissues from TCGA and 14 organ types with normal tissues from FANTOM5 CAGE were analyzed in order to explore and validate the expression of ACE2 on the mucosa of oral cavity. Further, single-cell transcriptomes from an independent data generated in-house were used to identify and confirm the ACE2-expressing cell composition and proportion in oral cavity. The results demonstrated that the ACE2 expressed on the mucosa of oral cavity. Interestingly, this receptor was highly enriched in epithelial cells of tongue. Preliminarily, those findings have explained the basic mechanism that the oral cavity is a potentially high risk for 2019-nCoV infectious susceptibility and provided a piece of evidence for the future prevention strategy in dental clinical practice as well as daily life.
JO  - International Journal of Oral Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 12
IS  - 1
PG  - 8
SP  - 8
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41368-020-0074-x
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41368-020-0074-x
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Characteristics of and Important Lessons From the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak in China: Summary of a Report of 72 314 Cases From the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention
AU  - Wu, Zunyou
AU  - McGoogan, Jennifer M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1001/jama.2020.2648
SP  - 10.1001/jama.2020.2648
EP  - 
AN  - 32091533
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.2648
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32091533
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chest CT Findings in Patients with Corona Virus Disease 2019 and its Relationship with Clinical Features
AU  - Wu, Jiong
AU  - Wu, Xiaojia
AU  - Zeng, Wenbing
AU  - Guo, Dajing
AU  - Fang, Zheng
AU  - Chen, Linli
AU  - Huang, Huizhe
AU  - Li, Chuanming
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVES: To investigate the chest computed tomography (CT) findings in patients with confirmed corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and to evaluate its relationship with clinical features. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Study sample consisted of 80 patients diagnosed as COVID-19 from January to February 2020. The chest CT images and clinical data were reviewed and the relationship between them was analyzed. RESULTS: Totally 80 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 were included. With regards to the clinical manifestations, 58/80 (73%) of patients had cough, 61/80 (76%) of patients had high temperature levels. The most frequent CT abnormalities observed were ground glass opacity (GGO) (73/80 cases, 91%), consolidation (50/80 cases, 63%) and interlobular septal thickening (47/80, 59%). Most of the lesions were multiple, with an average of 12±6 lung segments involved. The most common involved lung segments were the dorsal segment of the right lower lobe (69/80, 86%), the posterior basal segment of the right lower lobe (68/80, 85%), the lateral basal segment of the right lower lobe (64/80, 80%), the dorsal segment of the left lower lobe (61/80, 76%) and the posterior basal segment of the left lower lobe (65/80, 81%). The average pulmonary inflammation index (PII) value was (34%±20%) for all the patients. Correlation analysis showed that the PII value was significantly correlated with the values of lymphocyte count, monocyte count, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, days from illness onset and body temperature (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The common chest CT findings of COVID-19 are multiple GGO, consolidation and interlobular septal thickening in both lungs, which are mostly distributed under the pleura. There are significant correlations between the degree of pulmonary inflammation and the main clinical symptoms and laboratory results. CT plays an important role in the diagnosis and evaluation of this emerging global health emergency.
JO  - Invest Radiol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1097/RLI.0000000000000670
SP  - 10.1097/RLI.0000000000000670
EP  - 
AN  - 32091414
DO  - 10.1097/RLI.0000000000000670
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32091414
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Phase-adjusted estimation of the number of Coronavirus Disease 2019 cases in Wuhan, China
AU  - Wang, Huwen
AU  - Wang, Zezhou
AU  - Dong, Yinqiao
AU  - Chang, Ruijie
AU  - Xu, Chen
AU  - Yu, Xiaoyue
AU  - Zhang, Shuxian
AU  - Tsamlag, Lhakpa
AU  - Shang, Meili
AU  - Huang, Jinyan
AU  - Wang, Ying
AU  - Xu, Gang
AU  - Shen, Tian
AU  - Zhang, Xinxin
AU  - Cai, Yong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - An outbreak of clusters of viral pneumonia due to a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV/SARS-CoV-2) happened in Wuhan, Hubei Province in China in December 2019. Since the outbreak, several groups reported estimated R0 of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and generated valuable prediction for the early phase of this outbreak. After implementation of strict prevention and control measures in China, new estimation is needed. An infectious disease dynamics SEIR (Susceptible, Exposed, Infectious, and Removed) model was applied to estimate the epidemic trend in Wuhan, China under two assumptions of Rt. In the first assumption, Rt was assumed to maintain over 1. The estimated number of infections would continue to increase throughout February without any indication of dropping with Rt = 1.9, 2.6, or 3.1. The number of infections would reach 11,044, 70,258, and 227,989, respectively, by 29 February 2020. In the second assumption, Rt was assumed to gradually decrease at different phases from high level of transmission (Rt = 3.1, 2.6, and 1.9) to below 1 (Rt = 0.9 or 0.5) owing to increasingly implemented public health intervention. Several phases were divided by the dates when various levels of prevention and control measures were taken in effect in Wuhan. The estimated number of infections would reach the peak in late February, which is 58,077–84,520 or 55,869–81,393. Whether or not the peak of the number of infections would occur in February 2020 may be an important index for evaluating the sufficiency of the current measures taken in China. Regardless of the occurrence of the peak, the currently strict measures in Wuhan should be continuously implemented and necessary strict public health measures should be applied in other locations in China with high number of COVID-19 cases, in order to reduce Rt to an ideal level and control the infection.
JO  - Cell Discovery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 6
IS  - 1
PG  - 10
SP  - 10
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41421-020-0148-0
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41421-020-0148-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Risk Management of COVID-19 by Universities in China Short-term Forecasts of the COVID-19 Epidemic in Guangdong and Zhejiang, China: February 13–23, 2020
AU  - Wang, Chuanyi
AU  - Cheng, Zhe
AU  - Yue, Xiao-Guang
AU  - McAleer, Michael
AU  - Roosa, Kimberlyn
AU  - Lee, Yiseul
AU  - Luo, Ruiyan
AU  - Kirpich, Alexander
AU  - Rothenberg, Richard
AU  - Hyman, M. James
AU  - Yan, Ping
AU  - Chowell, Gerardo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The rapid spread of new coronaviruses throughout China and the world in 2019&ndash;2020 has had a great impact on China&rsquo;s economic and social development. As the backbone of Chinese society, Chinese universities have made significant contributions to emergency risk management. Such contributions have been made primarily in the following areas: alumni resource collection, medical rescue and emergency management, mental health maintenance, control of staff mobility, and innovation in online education models. Through the support of these methods, Chinese universities have played a positive role in the prevention and control of the epidemic situation. However, they also face the problems of alumni&rsquo;s economic development difficulties, the risk of deadly infection to medical rescue teams and health workers, infection of teachers and students, and the unsatisfactory application of information technology in resolving the crisis. In response to these risks and emergency problems, we propose some corresponding solutions for public dissemination, including issues related to medical security, emergency research, professional assistance, positive communication, and hierarchical information-based teaching. The ongoing COVID-19 epidemic continues to spread within and outside of China, despite several social distancing measures implemented by the Chinese government. Limited epidemiological data are available, and recent changes in case definition and reporting further complicate our understanding of the impact of the epidemic, particularly in the epidemic&rsquo;s epicenter. Here we use previously validated phenomenological models to generate short-term forecasts of cumulative reported cases in Guangdong and Zhejiang, China. Using daily reported cumulative case data up until 13 February 2020 from the National Health Commission of China, we report 5- and 10-day ahead forecasts of cumulative case reports. Specifically, we generate forecasts using a generalized logistic growth model, the Richards growth model, and a sub-epidemic wave model, which have each been previously used to forecast outbreaks due to different infectious diseases. Forecasts from each of the models suggest the outbreaks may be nearing extinction in both Guangdong and Zhejiang; however, the sub-epidemic model predictions also include the potential for further sustained transmission, particularly in Zhejiang. Our 10-day forecasts across the three models predict an additional 65&ndash;81 cases (upper bounds: 169&ndash;507) in Guangdong and an additional 44&ndash;354 (upper bounds: 141&ndash;875) cases in Zhejiang by February 23, 2020. In the best-case scenario, current data suggest that transmission in both provinces is slowing down.
JO  - Journal of Risk and Financial Management
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 13
IS  - 2
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/jrfm13020036 ERT - Y - EJOU 10.3390/jcm9020596
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Potential Presymptomatic Transmission of SARS-CoV-2, Zhejiang Province, China, 2020
AU  - Tong, Zhen-Dong
AU  - Tang, An
AU  - Li, Ke-Feng
AU  - Li, Peng
AU  - Wang, Hong-Ling
AU  - Yi, Jing-Ping
AU  - Zhang, Yong-Li
AU  - Yan, Jian-Bo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We report a 2-family cluster of persons infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in the city of Zhoushan, Zhejiang Province, China, during January 2020. The infections resulted from contact with an infected but potentially presymptomatic traveler from the city of Wuhan in Hubei Province.
JO  - Emerg Infect Dis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 26
IS  - 5
PG  - 10.3201/eid2605.200198
SP  - 10.3201/eid2605.200198
EP  - 
AN  - 32091386
DO  - 10.3201/eid2605.200198
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32091386
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - ‘No one is allowed to go out’: your stories from the coronavirus outbreak
AU  - Stoye, Emma
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - From laboratory closures to equipment shortages, researchers worldwide tell Nature how they have been affected by the epidemic. ‘No one is allowed out’: readers tell Nature about their experiences. The outbreak of a new coronavirus is wreaking havoc worldwide. In China, the epicentre of the epidemic, the virus has infected tens of thousands of people and killed more than 2,100. Unprecedented measures meant to contain the spread have brought millions of daily lives to a halt, and the effects have touched economies and global supply chains.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:10.1038/d41586-020-00478-7
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00478-7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Consideration on the strategies during epidemic stage changing from emergency response to continuous prevention and control
AU  - Special Expert Group for Control of the Epidemic of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia of the Chinese Preventive Medicine, Association
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 3
PG  - 297-300
SP  - 297
EP  - 300
AN  - 32088947
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2020.03.003
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32088947
NS  - 
N1  - Qingxia Zhong (2020-02-25 23:51:34)(Screen): English abstract missing; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: Real-time dissemination of scientific information to fight a public health emergency of international concern
AU  - Song, Peipei
AU  - Karako, Takashi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Rapidly sharing scientific information is an effective way to reduce public panic about COVID-19, and doing so is the key to providing real-time guidance to epidemiologists working to contain the outbreak, clinicians managing patients, and modelers helping to understand future developments and the possible effectiveness of various interventions. This issue has rapidly reviewed and published articles describing COVID-19, including the drug treatment options for SARS-CoV-2, its clinical characteristics, and therapies involving a combination of Chinese and Western medicine, the efficacy of chloroquine phosphate in the treatment of COVID-19 associated pneumonia according to clinical studies, and reflections on the system of reserve medical supplies for public health emergencies. As an academic journal, we will continue to quickly and transparently share data with frontline healthcare workers who need to know the epidemiological and clinical features of COVID-19.
JO  - Biosci Trends
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.5582/bst.2020.01056
SP  - 10.5582/bst.2020.01056
EP  - 
AN  - 32092748
DO  - 10.5582/bst.2020.01056
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32092748
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Radiological findings from 81 patients with COVID-19 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study
AU  - Shi, Heshui
AU  - Han, Xiaoyu
AU  - Jiang, Nanchuan
AU  - Cao, Yukun
AU  - Alwalid, Osamah
AU  - Gu, Jin
AU  - Fan, Yanqing
AU  - Zheng, Chuansheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Summary Background A cluster of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia caused by infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) were successively reported in Wuhan, China. We aimed to describe the CT findings across different timepoints throughout the disease course. Methods Patients with COVID-19 pneumonia (confirmed by next-generation sequencing or RT-PCR) who were admitted to one of two hospitals in Wuhan and who underwent serial chest CT scans were retrospectively enrolled. Patients were grouped on the basis of the interval between symptom onset and the first CT scan: group 1 (subclinical patients; scans done before symptom onset), group 2 (scans done ≤1 week after symptom onset), group 3 (>1 week to 2 weeks), and group 4 (>2 weeks to 3 weeks). Imaging features and their distribution were analysed and compared across the four groups. Findings 81 patients admitted to hospital between Dec 20, 2019, and Jan 23, 2020, were retrospectively enrolled. The cohort included 42 (52%) men and 39 (48%) women, and the mean age was 49·5 years (SD 11·0). The mean number of involved lung segments was 10·5 (SD 6·4) overall, 2·8 (3·3) in group 1, 11·1 (5·4) in group 2, 13·0 (5·7) in group 3, and 12·1 (5·9) in group 4. The predominant pattern of abnormality observed was bilateral (64 [79%] patients), peripheral (44 [54%]), ill-defined (66 [81%]), and ground-glass opacification (53 [65%]), mainly involving the right lower lobes (225 [27%] of 849 affected segments). In group 1 (n=15), the predominant pattern was unilateral (nine [60%]) and multifocal (eight [53%]) ground-glass opacities (14 [93%]). Lesions quickly evolved to bilateral (19 [90%]), diffuse (11 [52%]) ground-glass opacity predominance (17 [81%]) in group 2 (n=21). Thereafter, the prevalence of ground-glass opacities continued to decrease (17 [57%] of 30 patients in group 3, and five [33%] of 15 in group 4), and consolidation and mixed patterns became more frequent (12 [40%] in group 3, eight [53%] in group 4). Interpretation COVID-19 pneumonia manifests with chest CT imaging abnormalities, even in asymptomatic patients, with rapid evolution from focal unilateral to diffuse bilateral ground-glass opacities that progressed to or co-existed with consolidations within 1–3 weeks. Combining assessment of imaging features with clinical and laboratory findings could facilitate early diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia. Funding None.
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30086-4
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1473309920300864
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and Pregnancy: What obstetricians need to know
AU  - Rasmussen, Sonja A.
AU  - Smulian, John C.
AU  - Lednicky, John A.
AU  - Wen, Tony S.
AU  - Jamieson, Denise J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging disease with a rapid increase in cases and deaths since its first identification in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. Limited data are available about COVID-19 during pregnancy; however, information on illnesses associated with other highly pathogenic coronaviruses (i.e., severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)) might provide insights into COVID-19’s effects during pregnancy.
JO  - American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2020.02.017
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0002937820301976
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Intensive care during the coronavirus epidemic
AU  - Qiu, Haibo
AU  - Tong, Zhaohui
AU  - Ma, Penglin
AU  - Hu, Ming
AU  - Peng, Zhiyong
AU  - Wu, Wenjuan
AU  - Du, Bin
AU  - China Critical Care Clinical Trials, Group
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As a response to the epidemic, the local government had appointed several designated hospitals for patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Despite a common coping strategy for mass casualty (earthquake and blast injury) in China, SARI epidemic has proposed a new challenge for healthcare workers, especially intensivists. About 15–20% of suspected and confirmed patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection in fever clinics developed severe hypoxemia (since the second week of disease course), and required some form of ventilatory support such as high-flow nasal cannula, and non-invasive and invasive mechanical ventilation. In addition, other complications might occur, including, but not limited to, shock, acute kidney injury, gastrointestinal bleeding, and rhabdomyolysis. No antiviral agents have been proven to be effective against the coronavirus. Therefore, management of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection still remains supportive rather than definitive, indicating remarkable workload for intensive care physicians and nurses. This surge of critically ill patients in designated hospitals as well as fever clinics represents urgent demands for intensive care with regards to space, supplies, and staff (Table 1) [5,6,7,8]. Response to these demands requires cooperation between the medical rescue team, infection control specialists, local health authorities, and center for disease control and prevention [9].ER -
JO  - Intensive Care Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00134-020-05966-y
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-020-05966-y
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - (18)F-FDG PET/CT findings of COVID-19: a series of four highly suspected cases
AU  - Qin, Chunxia
AU  - Liu, Fang
AU  - Yen, Tzu-Chen
AU  - Lan, Xiaoli
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - PURPOSE: The aim of this case series is to illustrate the (18)F-FDG PET/CT findings of patients with acute respiratory disease caused by COVID-19 in Wuhan, Hubei province of China. METHODS: We describe the (18)F-FDG PET/CT results from four patients who were admitted to the hospital with respiratory symptoms and fever between January 13 and January 20, 2020, when the COVID-19 outbreak was still unrecognized and the virus infectivity was unknown. A retrospective review of the patients' medical history, clinical and laboratory data, as well as imaging findings strongly suggested a diagnosis of COVID-19. RESULTS: All patients had peripheral ground-glass opacities and/or lung consolidations in more than two pulmonary lobes. Lung lesions were characterized by a high (18)F-FDG uptake and there was evidence of lymph node involvement. Conversely, disseminated disease was absent, a finding suggesting that COVID-19 has pulmonary tropism. CONCLUSIONS: Although (18)F-FDG PET/CT cannot be routinely used in an emergency setting and is generally not recommended for infectious diseases, our pilot data shed light on the potential clinical utility of this imaging technique in the differential diagnosis of complex cases.
JO  - Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1007/s00259-020-04734-w
SP  - 10.1007/s00259
EP  - 020
AN  - 32088847
DO  - 10.1007/s00259-020-04734-w
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32088847
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Protocolo para la atención de personas con sospechas o infección confirmada por Coronavirus (2019-nCoN)
AU  - Perú. Ministerio de, Salud
AU  - Dirección General de Intervenciones Estratégicas en Salud, Pública
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - El protocolo contiene definiciones de casos sospechosos, manejo de pacientes con sospecha de infección por Coronavirus, tratamiento específicos anti-Novel CoV e investigación clínica y las consideraciones especiales para pacientes embarazadas.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 14-14
SP  - 14
EP  - 14
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/c872a
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Initial public health response and interim clinical guidance for the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak - United States, December 31, 2019-February 4, 2020
AU  - Patel, Anita
AU  - Jernigan, Daniel B.
AU  - nCo, V. C. D. C. Response Team
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Am J Transplant
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 20
IS  - 3
PG  - 889-895
SP  - 889
EP  - 895
AN  - 32090470
DO  - 10.1111/ajt.15805
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32090470
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - PANDEMIC HUMAN CORONAVIRUS – CHARACTERIZATION AND COMPARISON OF SELECTED PROPERTIES OF HCOV-SARS AND HCOV-MERS
AU  - Pancer, Katarzyna W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - It: Two Coronaviruses, HCoV-229E and HCoV-OC43, causing generally mild respiratory tract infections in humans, were described in the XX c. Pandemic Coronaviruses were first discovered as late as in the XXI c.: SARS-HCoV in 2002 – causing severe respiratory tract infections (SARS) in China; MERS-HCoV in 2012 – circulating mostly on the Arabian Peninsula. The SARS epidemic ended in 2004 resulting in morbidity of >8000 and >770 deaths, while the MERS epidemic is still ongoing (>2000 ill, >700 deaths) although its intensity decreased. Both viruses are zoonotic and require at least two “host jumps” for the transmission of the infection to humans: for HCoV-SARS – from bat to palm civet and then to human; for HCoV-MERS – from bats to camels and subsequently to humans. Primary mode of transmission is droplet in close contact (<1 m), but both viruses remain active in aerosol (up to 24 h), so infection can be also spread by air (ventilation). The ability for human-to-human transmission is higher for HCoV-SARS than for HCoV-MERS (8 generations vs. 4, respectively). Moreover, there are differences in genome structure and pathogenic mechanisms: different receptor, cell entry mechanism, different way of host response modulation (e.g. inhibition of IFNβ cascade), etc. Probably, these differences influence the overall manifestation of the disease in humans. Infection caused by HCoV-MERS might manifest itself as ARDS, a mild-mannered and asymptomatic disease. HCoV-SARS infections seem to be associated with severe disease only. In this paper, a comparison of the structure of these viruses, the mechanisms underlying their ability to cross the interspecies barrier and to multiply in the human body, including modulation of IFNβ cascade, as well as routes of infection transmission and symptoms caused, were presented.
JO  - Postępy Mikrobiologii
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 57
IS  - 1
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.21307/PM-2018.57.1.022
UR  - https://doaj.org/article/4a09b91847ae4ae7aa5487cbb5f591cd
NS  - 
N1  - Qingxia Zhong (2020-02-25 23:30:32)(Screen): DOI not correct; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Viral load of SARS-CoV-2 in clinical samples
AU  - Pan, Yang
AU  - Zhang, Daitao
AU  - Yang, Peng
AU  - Poon, Leo L. M.
AU  - Wang, Quanyi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30113-4
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1473309920301134
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Public awareness of coronavirus in Al-Jouf region, Saudi Arabia
AU  - Nooh, Hanaa Zakaria
AU  - Alshammary, Rawan Humaidy
AU  - Alenezy, Jomanh Mohammed
AU  - Alrowaili, Njood Hial
AU  - Alsharari, Amani Jaded
AU  - Alenzi, Njood Menwer
AU  - Sabaa, Hanan E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since 2012 and to date, outbreak/new cases of Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (MERS-CoV) were always reported in Saudi Arabia. Al-Jouf region is considered as one of the most vulnerable areas to the disease outbreak. This research aimed to assess (to the best of our knowledge), for the first time, the current level of awareness towards MERS-CoV among the Al-Jouf region population through a well-designed multistage questionnaire.
JO  - Journal of Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s10389-020-01209-y
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10389-020-01209-y
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Circular externa No 0000005 de 2020: Directrices para la detección temprana, el control y la atención ante la posible introducción del nuevo coronavirus (2019-nCoV) y la implementación de los planes de preparación y respuesta ante este riesgo
AU  - Ministerio de Salud y protección, Social
AU  - Instituto Nacional de, Salud
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - El Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social y el Instituto Nacional de Salud, en ejercicio de las facultades señaladas en los Decretos 4107 y 4109, ambos de 2.011, y en el marco del Reglamento Sanitario Internacional -RSI-2005, y ante la situación epidemiológica por el nuevo coronavirus (2019-nCoV), declarada como emergencia en salud pública de importancia internacional (ESPII) por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) el día 30 de enero del año en curso: imparten instrucciones sobre las acciones que los destinatarios de esta circular deben observar para la vigilancia activa, preparación y toma de medidas de contención para una eventual introducción del virus en el territorio nacional. The Ministry of Health and Social Protection and the National Institute of Health, in exercise of the powers indicated in Decrees 4107 and 4109, both of 2,011, and within the framework of the International Health Regulations -RSI-2005, and before the epidemiological situation by the new coronavirus (2019-nCoV), declared as an emergency in public health of international importance (ESPII) by the World Health Organization (WHO) on January 30 of this year: they give instructions on the actions that the recipients of This circular must observe for the active surveillance, preparation and taking of containment measures for an eventual introduction of the virus into the national territory.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 9-9
SP  - 9
EP  - 9
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.minsalud.gov.co/sites/rid/Lists/BibliotecaDigital/RIDE/VS/ED/VSP/circular-externa-005-de-2020.pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Disease 2019: Implications of Emerging Infections for Transplantation
AU  - Michaels, Marian G.
AU  - La Hoz, Ricardo M.
AU  - Danziger Isakov, Lara
AU  - Blumberg, Emily A.
AU  - Kumar, Deepali
AU  - Green, Michael
AU  - Pruett, Timothy L.
AU  - Wolfe, Cameron R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The recent identification of an outbreak of 2019- novel Coronavirus is currently evolving, and the impact on transplantation is unknown. However, it is imperative that we anticipate the potential impact on the transplant community in order to avert severe consequences of this infection on both the transplant community and contacts of transplant patients.
JO  - Am J Transplant
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1111/ajt.15832
SP  - 10.1111/ajt.15832
EP  - 
AN  - 32090448
DO  - 10.1111/ajt.15832
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32090448
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Lineamiento estandarizado para la Vigilancia Epidemiologica y por laboratorio de enfermedad por 2019-NCoV
AU  - Mexico. Secretaria de Salud. Subsecretaria de Prevencion y Promoción de la Salud. Dirección General de, Epidemiologia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Este documento describe la situación epidemiológica de la enfermedad por 2019-nCoV, los lineamientos para la detección y seguimiento de los casos, así como los aspectos de la toma, manejo y envío adecuado de las muestras y el control analítico disponible para la confirmación de los casos.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 60-60
SP  - 60
EP  - 60
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Ur_ekmkjL69guyY00Z1jJa3J1E1hKf4u/view
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Mensajero de la Salud: nuevo coronavirus 2019-nCoV
AU  - Mexico. Secretaria de la, Salud
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Declaratoria de Emergencia en Salud Pública de importancia Internacional por el nuevo coronavirus 2019-nCoV
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 12-12
SP  - 12
EP  - 12
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://drive.google.com/file/d/149w_Wjvq4Dhc0YaktCM6tcnU_9v0iBxV/view http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/zazym
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epitopes for a 2019-nCoV vaccine
AU  - Lucchese, Guglielmo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Cellular & Molecular Immunology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41423-020-0377-z
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41423-020-0377-z
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - China uses mass surveillance tech to fight spread of coronavirus
AU  - Lu, Donna
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 245
IS  - 3270
PG  - 7
SP  - 7
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30378-X
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S026240792030378X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Puzzle of highly pathogenic human coronaviruses (2019-nCoV)
AU  - Li, Jing
AU  - Liu, Wenjun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Protein Cell
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1007/s13238-020-00693-y
SP  - 10.1007/s13238
EP  - 020
AN  - 32088858
DO  - 10.1007/s13238-020-00693-y
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32088858
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 pneumonia: what has CT taught us?
AU  - Lee, Elaine Y. P.
AU  - Ng, Ming-Yen
AU  - Khong, Pek-Lan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30134-1
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1473309920301341
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Strengthen comprehensive strategies to treat patients with mild novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - Jia, W. P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 59
IS  - 0
PG  - E002-E002
SP  - E002
EP  - E002
AN  - 32090534
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20200217-00083
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32090534
NS  - 
N1  - Qingxia Zhong (2020-02-25 23:04:11)(Screen): no English abstract; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - First respiratory transmitted food borne outbreak?
AU  - Jalava, Katri
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The world is faced with a remarkable coronavirus outbreak with epicentre in Wuhan, China. Altogether 40554 cases have been confirmed globally with novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) until February 10, 2020. Rigorous surveillance in other countries is required to prevent further global expansion of the outbreak, but resolving the exact mechanism of the initial transmission events is crucial. Most initial cases had visited Huanan South Seafood Market in Wuhan selling also various exotic live animals. Based on the limited initial human-to-human transmission and timely clustering of cases in Huanan market among elderly men, coupled with knowledge that coronaviruses are derived from animals and relationship of SARS-CoV-2 to bat coronavirus, zoonotic transmission in the first instance is probable. To target the actions, similar epidemiological actions to human cases are needed with animal or food exposures. According to current information, an exceptionally wide contamination of seafood market might explain the initiation of the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak. Seafood tanks, air contamination by live animals or rodents are possibilities, but sold animals normally come from various sources. The mode of transmission may become clearer in future: usually in outbreak investigations, hindsight is easy, but for now information about the initial source of this outbreak is limited.
JO  - Int J Hyg Environ Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 226
IS  - 
PG  - 113490-113490
SP  - 113490
EP  - 113490
AN  - 32088598
DO  - 10.1016/j.ijheh.2020.113490
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32088598
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Finding equipoise: CEPI revises its equitable access policy
AU  - Huneycutt, Brenda
AU  - Lurie, Nicole
AU  - Rotenberg, Sara
AU  - Wilder, Richard
AU  - Hatchett, Richard
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Launched at Davos in January 2017 with funding from sovereign investors and philanthropic institutions, the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI) is an innovative partnership between public, private, philanthropic, and civil organisations whose mission is to stimulate, finance and co-ordinate vaccine development against diseases with epidemic potential in cases where market incentives fail. As of December 2019, CEPI has committed to investing up to $706 million in vaccine development. This includes 19 vaccine candidates against its priority pathogens (Lassa fever virus, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, Nipah virus, Chikungunya, Rift Valley fever) and three vaccine platforms to develop vaccines against Disease X, a novel or unanticipated pathogen. As an entity largely supported by public funds, ensuring equitable access to vaccines whose development it supports in low- and middle-income countries is CEPI’s primary focus. CEPI developed an initial equitable access policy shortly after its formation, with key stakeholders expressing strong views about its content and prescriptive nature. The CEPI board instructed that it be revisited after a year. This paper describes the process of revising the policy, and how key issues were resolved. CEPI will continue to take an iterative, rather than prescriptive, approach to its policy—one that reflects the needs of multiple stakeholders and ensures it can meet its equitable access goals.
JO  - Vaccine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 38
IS  - 9
PG  - 2144-2148
SP  - 2144
EP  - 2148
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.12.055
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X19317190
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Estimated effectiveness of symptom and risk screening to prevent the spread of COVID-19
AU  - Gostic, Katelyn
AU  - Gomez, Ana C. R.
AU  - Mummah, Riley O.
AU  - Kucharski, Adam J.
AU  - Lloyd-Smith, James O.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Traveller screening is being used to limit further spread of COVID-19 following its recent emergence, and symptom screening has become a ubiquitous tool in the global response. Previously, we developed a mathematical model to understand factors governing the effectiveness of traveller screening to prevent spread of emerging pathogens (Gostic et al., 2015). Here, we estimate the impact of different screening programs given current knowledge of key COVID-19 life history and epidemiological parameters. Even under best-case assumptions, we estimate that screening will miss more than half of infected people. Breaking down the factors leading to screening successes and failures, we find that most cases missed by screening are fundamentally undetectable, because they have not yet developed symptoms and are unaware they were exposed. Our work underscores the need for measures to limit transmission by travellers who become ill after being missed by a screening program. These findings can support evidence-based policy to combat the spread of COVID-19, and prospective planning to mitigate future emerging pathogens.
JO  - Elife
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 
PG  - e55570
SP  - e55570
EP  - 
AN  - 32091395
DO  - 10.7554/eLife.55570
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32091395
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Scientists are sprinting to outpace the novel coronavirus
AU  - Ghebreyesus, Tedros Adhanom
AU  - Swaminathan, Soumya
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30420-7
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673620304207
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - From SARS to COVID-19: A previously unknown SARS-CoV-2 virus of pandemic potential infecting humans – Call for a One Health approach
AU  - El Zowalaty, Mohamed E.
AU  - Järhult, Josef D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Human coronaviruses continue to pose a threat to human health. The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in December 2019 which causes coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), an acute respiratory disease marked the third introduction of a highly pathogenic coronavirus into the human population in the twenty-first century. This recent ongoing emergence of a previously unknown coronavirus in China leads to huge impacts on humans globally. Here, we discuss the outbreak in a one health context, highlighting the need for the implementation of one health measures and practices to improve human health and reduce the emergence of pandemic viruses.
JO  - One Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 100124
SP  - 100124
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.onehlt.2020.100124
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352771420300136
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Infecciones por Coronavirus. Diagnóstico y Tratamiento
AU  - Cuba. Centro Nacional de Información de Ciencias Médicas. Biblioteca Médica, Nacional
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Boletín bibliográfico Bibliomed Suplemento ofrece en su edición especial de enero de 2020, una actualización sobre &quot;Infecciones por Coronavirus. Diagnóstico yTratamiento&quot;
JO  - Boletín bibliográfico de la Biblioteca Médica Nacional
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - Sup. esp
PG  - [9]-[9]
SP  - [9]
EP  - [9]
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://files.sld.cu/bmn/files/2020/01/bibliomed-suplemento-especial-enero-2020.pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Staff safety during emergency airway management for COVID-19 in Hong Kong
AU  - Cheung, Jonathan Chun-Hei
AU  - Ho, Lap Tin
AU  - Cheng, Justin Vincent
AU  - Cham, Esther Yin Kwan
AU  - Lam, Koon Ngai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Respiratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30084-9
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213260020300849
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): The need to maintain regular physical activity while taking precautions
AU  - Chen, Peijie
AU  - Mao, Lijuan
AU  - Nassis, George P.
AU  - Harmer, Peter
AU  - Ainsworth, Barbara E.
AU  - Li, Fuzhong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Sport and Health Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 2
PG  - 103-104
SP  - 103
EP  - 104
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2020.02.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095254620300144
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Novo Coronavírus (2019-nCoV): nota técnica
AU  - Ceará. Secretaria de, Saúde
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A Secretaria da Saúde do Estado do Ceará (SESA), através da Célula de Imunização (CEMUN) e o Centro de Informações Estratégicas em Vigilância em Saúde (CIEVS), da Coordenadoria de Vigilância Epidemiológica e Prevenção em Saúde (COVEP), vem por meio desta ALERTAR para a ocorrência de casos do Novo Coronavírus (2019-nCoV) no mundo.Essa nota deve ser divulgada amplamente entre profissionais de saúde de estabelecimentos públicos e privados
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - [7]-[7]
SP  - [7]
EP  - [7]
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.saude.ce.gov.br/wp-content/uploads/sites/9/2018/06/nota_tecnica_nCoV_-29_01_2020_v2.pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Comparative genetic analysis of the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV/SARS-CoV-2) receptor ACE2 in different populations
AU  - Cao, Yanan
AU  - Li, Lin
AU  - Feng, Zhimin
AU  - Wan, Shengqing
AU  - Huang, Peide
AU  - Sun, Xiaohui
AU  - Wen, Fang
AU  - Huang, Xuanlin
AU  - Ning, Guang
AU  - Wang, Weiqing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Cell Discovery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 6
IS  - 1
PG  - 11
SP  - 11
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41421-020-0147-1
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41421-020-0147-1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Protocolo de Manejo Clínico para o Novo Coronavírus (2019-nCoV)
AU  - Brasil. Ministerio da Saúde. Secretaria de Atenção Especializada à Saúde. Departamento de Atenção Hospitalar, Domiciliar e de Urgência Coordenação-Geral de Urgência Força Nacional do Sistema Único de Saúde
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Em 22 de janeiro de 2020, foi ativado o Centro de Operações de Emergências em Saúde Pública para o novo Coronavírus (COE ­ nCoV), estratégia prevista no Plano Nacional de Resposta às Emergências em Saúde Pública do Ministério da Saúde. O novo Coronavírus (2019-nCoV) é um vírus identificado como a causa de um surto de doença respiratória detectado pela primeira vez em Wuhan, China. Desde 2005, o Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) está aprimorando suas capacidades de responder às emergências por síndromes respiratórias, dispondo de planos, protocolos, procedimentos e guias para identificação, monitoramento e resposta às emergências em saúde pública...
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 32-32
SP  - 32
EP  - 32
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://portalarquivos2.saude.gov.br/images/pdf/2020/fevereiro/11/protocolo-manejo-coronavirus.pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Novo Coronavírus: fluxo de atendimento na aps para o novo coronavírus (2019-NCOV)
AU  - Brasil. Ministerio da, Saude
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - priorizar o atendimento de casos suspeitos de novo Coronavírus, medidas de controle e registrar o atendimento no sistema de informação da Atenção Primária (SISAB)
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://egestorab.saude.gov.br/image/?file=20200210_N_EmktCoronaVirusFluxoV2_6121956549677603461.pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Novo Coronavírus: atendimento a pessoas com suspeita de infecção pelo novo coronavírus (2019-nCoV) na Atenção Primária à Saúde
AU  - Brasil. Ministerio da, Saude
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://egestorab.saude.gov.br/image/?file=20200210_N_EmktCoronaVirusPopV2_9220990263189084795.pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Assessing the Impact of Reduced Travel on Exportation Dynamics of Novel Coronavirus Infection (COVID-19)
AU  - Anzai, Asami
AU  - Kobayashi, Tetsuro
AU  - Linton, M. Natalie
AU  - Kinoshita, Ryo
AU  - Hayashi, Katsuma
AU  - Suzuki, Ayako
AU  - Yang, Yichi
AU  - Jung, Sung-mok
AU  - Miyama, Takeshi
AU  - Akhmetzhanov, R. Andrei
AU  - Nishiura, Hiroshi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The impact of the drastic reduction in travel volume within mainland China in January and February 2020 was quantified with respect to reports of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infections outside China. Data on confirmed cases diagnosed outside China were analyzed using statistical models to estimate the impact of travel reduction on three epidemiological outcome measures: (i) the number of exported cases, (ii) the probability of a major epidemic, and (iii) the time delay to a major epidemic. From 28 January to 7 February 2020, we estimated that 226 exported cases (95% confidence interval: 86,449) were prevented, corresponding to a 70.4% reduction in incidence compared to the counterfactual scenario. The reduced probability of a major epidemic ranged from 7% to 20% in Japan, which resulted in a median time delay to a major epidemic of two days. Depending on the scenario, the estimated delay may be less than one day. As the delay is small, the decision to control travel volume through restrictions on freedom of movement should be balanced between the resulting estimated epidemiological impact and predicted economic fallout.
JO  - Journal of Clinical Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 2
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/jcm9020601
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - Qingxia Zhong (2020-02-25 22:30:22)(Screen): DOI wrong; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus latest: WHO says outbreak is not yet pandemic
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Scientists are concerned about a new virus that has infected tens of thousands of people and killed more than 2,000. The virus, which emerged in the Chinese city of Wuhan in December, is a coronavirus and belongs to the same family as the pathogen that causes severe acute respiratory syndrome, or SARS. It causes a respiratory illness called COVID-19, which can spread from person to person. Here’s the latest news on the outbreak. 24 February 16:30 GMT — WHO says outbreak isn’t a pandemic At a press briefing on 24 February, the World Health Organization (WHO) said that, despite the spread of the disease, the coronavirus outbreak does not yet amount to a pandemic. “Using the word pandemic now does not fit the facts, but it may cause fear,” said WHO director-general Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:10.1038/d41586-020-00154-w
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00154-w
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recommendations on the pediatric flexible bronchoscopy during the outbreak of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in China (Trial Edition)
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - An outbreak of pneumonia caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)infection has spread to children.Due to its strong infectivity, people are generally susceptible, including children.The main source of infection is the SARS-CoV-2 infection patients, asymptomatic infection may also become the source of infection. Bronchoscopy is a high-risk operation since during the procedure, with children & prime's coughing and an open airway, a huge number of droplets and secretions are produced, which will contaminate the desktop, equipment and air, and even infect medical staff, other children and caregivers in close contact.For this reason, experts were specially organized to write recommendations on the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric flexible bronchoscopy during the epidemic period of SARS-CoV-2 infection (trial version), establish indications and prevention and control plans of pediatric bronchoscopy during the epidemic period, and provide a basis for medical staff engaged in pediatric bronchoscopy.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Applied Clinical Pediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 35
IS  - 2
PG  - 003-null
SP  - 003
EP  - null
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Structure of novel coronavirus’s spike protein solved
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - n a piece of research accomplished with astonishing speed, scientists from the University of Texas at Austin and the National Institutes of Health have released a cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure of part of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the novel coronavirus that has infected tens of thousands of people and killed more than 2,000 since the end of December (Science 2020, DOI: 10.1126/science.abb2507). The part of the virus imaged, called the spike protein, helps the virus attach to and infect human cells, and the determination of its structure comes just weeks after the virus’s genome sequence was published. The breakthrough is a huge step toward developing a vaccine against the virus as well as treatments for COVID-19, the disease that it causes, the researchers say. UT Austin’s Jason McLellan and his colleagues, who have spent many years studying other coronaviruses, had already figured out how to use select
JO  - C&EN Global Enterprise
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 98
IS  - 8
PG  - 7-7
SP  - 7
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1021/cen-09808-scicon3
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-09808-scicon3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Sanofi, BARDA team for coronavirus vaccine
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Sanofi Pasteur is working with the US Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA) to develop a vaccine against the novel coronavirus, known as severe acute respiratory syndrome-CoV-2, which as of Feb. 20 had infected more than 75,000 people and killed more than 2,100. Sanofi will build on work on a vaccine against SARS, another coronavirus that circulated in the early 2000s. In December 2019, BARDA awarded the firm a $226 million contract to expand manufacturing capacity for use in a potential flu pandemic. Sanofi says the new vaccine will use the same technology.
JO  - C&EN Global Enterprise
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 98
IS  - 8
PG  - 15-15
SP  - 15
EP  - 15
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1021/cen-09808-buscon15
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-09808-buscon15
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Diagnosing COVID-19
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - hina continues to fight the outbreak of a novel coronavirus, called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which has infected tens of thousands and killed more than 2,100 people since the end of 2019. The outbreak’s hot spot is in the central province of Hubei, in particular, its capital city Wuhan, where there have been more than 62,000 infections and 2,029 deaths as of last week, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). There, doctors and scientists are desperately struggling to find reliable ways to diagnose infected patients to help treat them and control the spread of the virus. The struggle has involved two diagnostic options—computed tomography (CT) scans of patients’ lungs and a nucleic acid lab test—each with advantages and disadvantages. With “a suddenly rampant new virus, it is normal to have multiple test approaches,” says a virologist at the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention
JO  - C&EN Global Enterprise
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 98
IS  - 8
PG  - 5-5
SP  - 5
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1021/cen-09808-scicon8
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-09808-scicon8
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Correction to Lancet Infect Dis 2020; published online Feb 18. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30111-0
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30128-6
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1473309920301286
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Novel Coronavirus Outbreak: What We Know and What We Don&#x2019;t
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - Phylogenetic analyses reveal that SARS-CoV-2 is closely related to a group of SARS-like coronaviruses. However, it remains unclear where the virus comes from and how it was transmitted to humans in the first place. Unlike with other zoonotic agents such as hantavirus and arenavirus, thus far we haven’t found a SARS virus in animals that is the same as that in humans. Fortunately, SARS virus has not appeared in humans since 2004. In contrast, this new virus seems to have stronger transmission capabilities among people. Compared to the primary virus in humans, we still know less about whether, what, and how the virus has changed and the effect of the changes for their epidemics in humans. Control and prevention of the disease is especially difficult in China and elsewhere if there are infected individuals with no clinical signs.
JO  - Cell
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.cell.2020.02.027
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2020.02.027
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Psychological crisis interventions in Sichuan Province during the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak
AU  - Zhou, Xiaobo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Psychiatry Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 112895
SP  - 112895
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112895
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165178120302821
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The treatment proposal for the patients with breast diseases in the central epidemic area of 2019 coronavirus disease
AU  - Zhao, L.
AU  - Zhang, L.
AU  - Liu, J. W.
AU  - Yang, Z. F.
AU  - Shen, W. Z.
AU  - Li, X. R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Currently, the epidemic of 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is still ongoing. The characteristics including high contagiousness, herd susceptibility and clinical phenotype diversity, made a serious influence on people's daily life and rountine therapy for other diseases. Breast dieases are clinical common diseases. In the central epidemic area of COVID-19, Hubei province, especially Wuhan, the clinical specialists of breast diseases should consider all of the following factors comprehensively: the prevention of COVID-19, the diagnosis and treatment of breast diseases and the accessibility of medical resources. Besides, we should select the appropriate therapy and optimize treatment process so as to prevent the propagation and cross infection of COVID-19 as well as manage the breast diseases without delay. Therefore, we carried out some management proposals of the patients with breast diseases in the central epidemic area during the epidemic of COVID-19 on the basis of conventional treatment guidelines and clinical experiences. The suggestions and corrections from colleagues will be welcomed.
JO  - Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 58
IS  - 0
PG  - E005-E005
SP  - E005
EP  - E005
AN  - 32096395
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112139-20200221-00116
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32096395
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - High resolution CT findings and clinical features of novel coronavirus pneumonia in Guangzhou
AU  - Yu, Chengcheng
AU  - Qu, Jing
AU  - Zhang, Songfeng
AU  - Jiang, Songfeng
AU  - Chen, Bihua
AU  - Guan, Wanhua
AU  - Gan, Qingxin
AU  - Huang, Deyang
AU  - Ling, Zhoukun
AU  - Jiang, Rui
AU  - Lin, Lin
AU  - Liu, Jinxin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - To investigate the initial HRCT manifestations and clinical features of imported novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) in Guangzhou. Methods. A retrospective analysis of 91 NCP patients admitted to the Guangzhou Eighth People&rsquo;s Hospital from January 22 to 30, 2020 was performed including 39 males and 52 females, with a median age of 50 (33-62) years, then their clinical features and HRCT characteristics were analyzed. Results. The main clinical presentations included fever in 70 cases and cough in 57 cases(mainly dry coughin39 cases). The first time HRCT showed that 24 cases with NCP were normal, however other 67 cases were abnormal. The ground glass opacity in the lung on HRCT was found in 65 cases, including 64 cases with dilated blood vessel crossing the lesion, 50 cases with thickened adjacent pleura, and 47 cases with thickening of interstitial septum. The patchy opacity was seen in 42 cases, and no enlarged lymph nodes were observed in all patients. As for the lesion distribution, there were two cases with bilateral diffuse changes, 57 cases with multiple lesions, 8 cases with the lesion in only one lobe. The lesions were mainly located under the pleura area in 46 cases, including 39 cases in the lower lobe and other 7 cases in the upper lobe. And there were 13 cases without characteristic distribution in the lung. Conclusions. The initial images of NCP in Guangzhou mainly showed multiple ground glass opacity, which were mostly seen in the subpleural and lower lung fields, most of them with thickened pulmonary interstitium. Guangzhou has a higher proportion of NCP patients with mild and general patients, and some confirmed patients show negative HRCT for the first time. Patients without HRCT changes should be reviewed in a timely manner.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 0
PG  - 010-010
SP  - 010
EP  - 010
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical and computed tomographic imaging features of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Xu, Yu-Huan
AU  - Dong, Jing-Hui
AU  - An, Wei-min
AU  - Lv, Xiao-Yan
AU  - Yin, Xiao-Ping
AU  - Zhang, Jian-Zeng
AU  - Dong, Li
AU  - Ma, Xi
AU  - Zhang, Hong-Jie
AU  - Gao, Bu-Lang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Purpose : To investigate the clinical and imaging characteristics of computed tomography (CT) in novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) caused by SARS-CoV-2. Materials and methods : A retrospective analysis was performed on the imaging findings of patients confirmed with COVID-19 pneumonia who had chest CT scanning and treatment after disease onset. The clinical and imaging data were analyzed. Results : Fifty patients were enrolled, including mild type in nine, common in 28, severe in 10 and critically severe in the rest three. Mild patients (29 years) were significantly (P<0.03) younger than either common (44.5 years) or severe (54.7) and critically severe (65.7 years) patients, and common patients were also significantly (P<0.03) younger than severe and critically severe patients. Mild patients had low to moderate fever (<39.1°C), 49 (98%) patients had normal or slightly reduced leukocyte count, 14 (28%) had decreased counts of lymphocytes, and 26 (52%) patients had increased C-reactive protein. Nine mild patients were negative in CT imaging. For all the other types of NCP, the lesion was in the right upper lobe in 30 cases, right middle lobe in 22, right lower lobe in 39, left upper lobe in 33 and left lower lobe in 36. The lesion was primarily located in the peripheral area under the pleura with possible extension towards the pulmonary hilum. Symmetrical lesions were seen in 26 cases and asymmetrical in 15. The density of lesion was mostly uneven with ground glass opacity as the primary presentation accompanied by partial consolidation and fibrosis. Conclusion : CT imaging presentations of NCP are mostly patchy ground glass opacities in the peripheral areas under the pleura with partial consolidation which will be absorbed with formation of fibrotic stripes if improved. CT scanning provides important bases for early diagnosis and treatment of NCP.
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.02.017
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0163445320301006
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Management of corona virus disease-19 (COVID-19): the Zhejiang experience
AU  - Xu, Kaijin
AU  - Cai, Hongliu
AU  - Shen, Yihong
AU  - Ni, Qin
AU  - Chen, Yu
AU  - Hu, Shaohua
AU  - Li, Jianping
AU  - Wang, Huafen
AU  - Yu, Liang
AU  - Huang, He
AU  - Qiu, Yunqing
AU  - Wei, Guoqing
AU  - Fang, Qiang
AU  - Zhou, Jianying
AU  - Sheng, Jifang
AU  - Liang, Tingbo
AU  - Li, Lanjuan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The current epidemic situation of corona virus disease-19 (COVID-19) still remained severe. As the National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine is the primary medical care center for COVID-19 inZhejiang Province. Based on the present expert consensus carried out by National Health Commission and National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, our team summarized and established an effective treatment strategy centered on "Four-Anti and Two-Balance" for clinical practice. The "Four-Anti and Two-Balance"strategy included antivirus, anti-shock, anti-hyoxemia, anti-secondary infection, and maintaining of water, electrolyte and acid base balance and microecological balance. Meanwhile, integrated multidisciplinarypersonalized treatment was recommended to improve therapeutic effect. The importance of early viralogical detection, dynamic monitoring of inflammatory indexes and chest radiograph was emphasized in clinical decision-making. Sputum was observed with the highest positive rate of RT-PCR results. Viral nucleic acids could be detected in10% patients'blood samples at acute periodand 50% of patients had positive RT-PCR results in their feces. We also isolated alive viral strains from feces, indicating potential infectiousness of feces.Dynamic cytokine detection was necessary to timely identifyingcytokine storms and application of artificial liver blood purification system. The "Four-Anti and Two-Balance"strategyeffectively increased cure rate and reduced mortality. Early antiviral treatment could alleviate disease severity and prevent illness progression, and we found lopinavir/ritonavir combined with abidol showed antiviraleffects in COVID-19. Shock and hypoxemia were usually caused by cytokine storms. The artificial liver blood purification system could rapidly remove inflammatory mediators and block cytokine storm.Moreover, it also favoredthe balance of fluid, electrolyte and acid-base and thus improved treatment efficacy in critical illness. For cases of severe illness, early and also short periods of moderate glucocorticoid was supported. Patients with oxygenation index below 200 mmHg should be transferred to intensive medical center. Conservative oxygen therapy was preferred and noninvasive ventilation was not recommended. Patients with mechanical ventilation should be strictly supervised with cluster ventilator-associated pneumonia prevention strategies. Antimicrobial prophylaxis should be prescribed rationally and was not recommended except for patients with long course of disease, repeated fever and elevated procalcitonin (PCT), meanwhile secondary fungal infection should be concerned.Some patients with COVID-19 showed intestinal microbialdysbiosis with decreasedprobiotics such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. Nutritional and gastrointestinal function should be assessed for all patients.Nutritional support and application of prebiotics or probiotics were suggested to regulate the balance of intestinal microbiota and reduce the risk of secondary infection due to bacterial translocation. Anxiety and fear were common in patients with COVID-19. Therefore, we established dynamic assessment and warning for psychological crisis. We also integrated Chinese medicine in treatment to promote disease rehabilitation through classification methods of traditional Chinese medicine. We optimized nursing process for severe patients to promote their rehabilitation. It remained unclear about viral clearance pattern after the SARS-CoV-2 infection. Therefore, two weeks' quarantine for discharged patients was required and a regular following up was also needed.The Zhejiang experience above and suggestions have been implemented in our center and achieved good results. However, since COVID-19 was a newly emerging disease, more work was warranted to improve strategies of prevention, diagnosis and treatment for COVID-19.
JO  - Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 49
IS  - 1
PG  - 0-0
SP  - 0
EP  - 0
AN  - 32096367
DO  - 
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32096367
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Evolving status of the 2019 novel coronavirus infection: Proposal of conventional serologic assays for disease diagnosis and infection monitoring
AU  - Xiao, S. Y.
AU  - Wu, Y.
AU  - Liu, H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25702
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2004277715 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25702
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Novel Approach of Consultation on 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19)-Related Psychological and Mental Problems: Structured Letter Therapy
AU  - Xiao, Chunfeng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Psychiatry Investig
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 17
IS  - 2
PG  - 175-176
SP  - 175
EP  - 176
AN  - 32093461
DO  - 10.30773/pi.2020.0047
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32093461
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Non-invasive respiratory support for patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia: clinical efficacy and reduction in risk of infection transmission
AU  - Xia, Jin-Gen
AU  - Zhao, Jian-Ping
AU  - Cheng, Zhen-Shun
AU  - Hu, Yi
AU  - Duan, Jun
AU  - Zhan, Qing-Yuan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Chin Med J (Engl)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000761
SP  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000761
EP  - 
AN  - 32097201
DO  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000761
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32097201
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Anesthesia Procedure of Emergency Operation for Patients with Suspected or Confirmed COVID-19
AU  - Wen, Xianjie
AU  - Li, Yiqun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Surg Infect (Larchmt)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1089/sur.2020.040
SP  - 10.1089/sur.2020.040
EP  - 
AN  - 32096692
DO  - 10.1089/sur.2020.040
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32096692
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The 2019 novel cornoavirus pneumonia with onset of oculomotor nerve palsy: a case study
AU  - Wei, Heng
AU  - Yin, Hongxiang
AU  - Huang, Min
AU  - Guo, Zhenli
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - On December 31, 2019, several cases of pneumonia of unknown etiology have been reported in Wuhan, Hubei province, China [1,2,3]. On January 7, 2020, Chinese health authorities confirmed that these cases were associated with a novel coronavirus, which was subsequently named 2019­nCoV by WHO [4]. Previous study [5] reported that virus infection can cause several neurological complications, including polyneuritis, Guillain–Barre syndrome (GBS), meningitis, encephalomyelitis, and encephalopathy. We describe a rare case of 2019-CoV infection and acute unilateral isolated oculomotor nerve palsy. In this case, the diagnosis was made based on the chest computed CT manifestations and throat swab sample test. A 62-year-old man was admitted to our department with a 5-day history of persistent diplopia and a droopy left eyelid. During initial hospital assessment, he endorsed limb weakness and poor spirit. He denied any fever, neck stiffness, headache, cough, shortness of breath, chest pain, or photophobia. He had a history of alcohol and tobacco use, type II diabetes mellitus and hypertension (both well controlled by drugs), and lacunar infarction (without sequela).DA - 2020/02/25
JO  - Journal of Neurology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00415-020-09773-9
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-020-09773-9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Combination of RT-qPCR Testing and Clinical Features For Diagnosis of COVID-19 facilitates management of SARS-CoV-2 Outbreak
AU  - Wang, Yishan
AU  - Kang, Hanyujie
AU  - Liu, Xuefeng
AU  - Tong, Zhaohui
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, a cluster of acute respiratory illness occurred in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. This disease is now officially known as 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) from WHO, novel coronavirus pneumonia This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - J Med Virol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1002/jmv.25721
SP  - 10.1002/jmv.25721
EP  - 
AN  - 32096564
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25721
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32096564
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Dynamic changes of chest CT imaging in patients with corona virus disease-19 (COVID-19)
AU  - Wang, Jincheng
AU  - Liu, Jinpeng
AU  - Wang, Yuanyuan
AU  - Liu, Wei
AU  - Chen, Xiaoqun
AU  - Sun, Chao
AU  - Shen, Xiaoyong
AU  - Wang, Qidong
AU  - Wu, Yaping
AU  - Liang, Wenjie
AU  - Ruan, Lingxiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE: To analyze the dynamic changes of chest CT images of patients with corona virus disease-19 (COVID-19). METHODS: Fifty-two cases of COVID-19 were admitted in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine. The consecutive chest CT scans were followed up for all patients with an average of 4 scans performed per patient during the hospitalization. The shortest interval between each scan was 2 days and the longest was 7 days. The shape, number and distribution of lung shadows, as well as the characteristics of the lesions on the CT images were reviewed. RESULTS: The obvious shadows infiltrating the lungs were shown on CT images in 50 cases, for other 2 cases there was no abnormal changes in the lungs during the first CT examination. Ground-glass opacities (GGO) were found in 48 cases (92.3%), and 19 cases (36.5%) had patchy consolidation and sub-consolidation, which were accompanied with air bronchi sign in 17 cases (32.7%). Forty one cases (78.8%) showed a thickened leaflet interval, 4 cases (7.6%) had a small number of fibrous stripes. During hospitalization, GGO lesions in COVID-19 patients gradually became rare, the fibrous strip shadows increased and it became the most common imaging manifestation. The lesions rapidly progressed in 39 cases (75.0%) within 6-9 days after admission. On days 10-14 of admission, the lesions distinctly resolved in 40 cases (76.9%). CONCLUSIONS: The chest CT images of patients with COVID-19 have certain characteristics with dynamic changes, which are of value for monitoring disease progress and clinical treatment.
JO  - Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 49
IS  - 1
PG  - 0-0
SP  - 0
EP  - 0
AN  - 32096366
DO  - 
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32096366
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - One world, one health: The novel coronavirus COVID-19 epidemic
AU  - Trilla, Antoni
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Med Clin (Barc)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - S0025-7753(20)30141-X
SP  - S0025
EP  - 7753(20)30141
AN  - 32093921
DO  - 10.1016/j.medcli.2020.02.002
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32093921
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Emergency management of prevention and control of novel coronavirus pneumonia in departments of stomatology
AU  - TANG, He Shu
AU  - YAO, Zhi Qing
AU  - WANG, Wen Mei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Complying with overall requirements of the government and regulations on public health emergences, as well as the clinical features of diagnosis and treatment of dental illness, this paper refers to previous guidelines and studies on the infection prevention and control in dental diagnosis and treatment in China and foreign countries. Nanjing Stomatological Hospital has implemented the emergency management practices for the prevention and control of novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP), mainly focusing on the implementation of prevention and control training programs for medical staffs and the infection control projects on the hospital environment. This study could provide reference for rapid response and emergency management for the prevention and control of NCP in the departments of stomatology.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Stomatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 55
IS  - 0
PG  - E002-E002
SP  - E002
EP  - E002
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Understanding of COVID-19 based on current evidence
AU  - Sun, Pengfei
AU  - Lu, Xiaosheng
AU  - Xu, Chao
AU  - Sun, Wenjuan
AU  - Pan, Bo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, a series of unexplained pneumonia cases has been reported in Wuhan, China. On January 12, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) temporarily named this new virus as the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). On February 11, 2020, the WHO officially named the disease caused by the 2019-nCoV as Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19). The COVID-19 epidemic is spreading all over the world, especially in China. Based on the published evidence, we systematically discuss the characteristics of COVID-19 in the hope of providing a reference for future studies and help for the prevention and control of the COVID-19 epidemic. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - J Med Virol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1002/jmv.25722
SP  - 10.1002/jmv.25722
EP  - 
AN  - 32096567
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25722
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32096567
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A numerical study of ventilation strategies for infection risk mitigation in general inpatient wards
AU  - Satheesan, Manoj Kumar
AU  - Mui, Kwok Wai
AU  - Wong, Ling Tim
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Aerial dispersion of human exhaled microbial contaminants and subsequent contamination of surfaces is a potential route for infection transmission in hospitals. Most general hospital wards have ventilation systems that drive air and thus contaminants from the patient areas towards the corridors. This study investigates the transport mechanism and deposition patterns of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) within a typical six bedded general inpatient ward cubicle through numerical simulation. It demonstrates that both air change and exhaust airflow rates have significant effects on not only the airflow but also the particle distribution within a mechanically ventilated space. Moreover, the location of an infected patient within the ward cubicle is crucial in determining the extent of infection risk to other ward occupants. Hence, it is recommended to provide exhaust grilles in close proximity to a patient, preferably above each patient’s bed. To achieve infection prevention and control, high exhaust airflow rate is also suggested. Regardless of the ventilation design, all patients and any surfaces within a ward cubicle should be regularly and thoroughly cleaned and disinfected to remove microbial contamination. The outcome of this study can serve as a source of reference for hospital management to better ventilation design strategies for mitigating the risk of infection.
JO  - Building Simulation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12273-020-0623-4
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12273-020-0623-4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Computers and viral diseases. Preliminary bioinformatics studies on the design of a synthetic vaccine and a preventative peptidomimetic antagonist against the SARS-CoV-2 (2019-nCoV, COVID-19) coronavirus
AU  - Robson, B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This paper concerns study of the genome of the Wuhan Seafood Market isolate believed to represent the causative agent of the disease COVID-19. This is to find a short section or sections of viral protein sequence suitable for preliminary design proposal for a peptide synthetic vaccine and a peptidomimetic therapeutic, and to explore some design possibilities. The project was originally directed towards a use case for the Q-UEL language and its implementation in a knowledge management and automated inference system for medicine called the BioIngine, but focus here remains mostly on the virus itself. However, using Q-UEL systems to access relevant and emerging literature, and to interact with standard publically available bioinformatics tools on the Internet, did help quickly identify sequences of amino acids that are well conserved across many coronaviruses including 2019-nCoV. KRSFIEDLLFNKV was found to be particularly well conserved in this study and corresponds to the region around one of the known cleavage sites of the SARS virus that are believed to be required for virus activation for cell entry. This sequence motif and surrounding variations formed the basis for proposing a specific synthetic vaccine epitope and peptidomimetic agent. The work can, nonetheless, be described in traditional bioinformatics terms, and readily reproduced by others, albeit with the caveat that new data and research into 2019-nCoV is emerging and evolving at an explosive pace. Preliminary studies using molecular modeling and docking, and in that context the potential value of certain known herbal extracts, are also described.
JO  - Computers in Biology and Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 103670
SP  - 103670
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2020.103670
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0010482520300627
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Psychological intervention in oral patients in novel coronavirus pneumonia outbreak period
AU  - QU, Xing
AU  - ZHOU, Xue Dong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Public health emergencies have an impact on the public mental health. The outbreak of the novel coronavirus has affected the normal diagnosis and treatment services in oral medical institutions across the country. Delay of non-emergency dental service will have a potential impact on the experience, cognition, treatment and rehabilitation of patients with oral diseases. Through literature review, this paper reviewed the oral psychosomatic diseases closely related to patients' psychological state, such as oral mucosal disease, temporomandibular joint disease, bruxism, periodontal disease and so on. It was believed that these patients might be more susceptible to the impact of stress events, and dental specialists should pay more attention to them. At the same time, this paper analyzes the possible psychological stress symptoms of patients with different oral diseases, and puts forward suggestions for remote consultation and emergency treatment of dentists. From the perspective of social role, dentists not only played the role of expert in dental home professional guidance, but also played the role of psychological counseling for patients.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Stomatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 55
IS  - 0
PG  - E003-E003
SP  - E003
EP  - E003
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 R0: Magic number or conundrum?
AU  - Petrosillo, Giulio Viceconte
AU  - Nicola
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - There is an increasing concern about COVID-19 worldwide. This is a new emerging infectious disease caused by a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), which recently broke out from the Chinese city of Wuhan and has quickly spread in China, with sporadic cases in each continent [...].
JO  - Infectious Disease Reports
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 12
IS  - 1
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4081/idr.2020.8516
UR  - https://doaj.org/article/4553d756cbb246cb8f992e8fa0ca1ee9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mental Health Care Measures in Response to the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Outbreak in Korea
AU  - Park, Seon-Cheol
AU  - Park, Yong Chon
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Psychiatry Investig
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 17
IS  - 2
PG  - 85-86
SP  - 85
EP  - 86
AN  - 32093458
DO  - 10.30773/pi.2020.0058
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32093458
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Challenges and countermeasures for organ donation during the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic: the experience of Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital
AU  - Pan, Lingai
AU  - Zeng, Jie
AU  - Yang, Hongji
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Up to 09:40 February 17, 2020, there have been 70,640 confirmed SARS-CoV-2 (aka 2019-nCoV) cases in China. Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital acts as an organ transplant center in west of China, approximately 200 solid organ transplants performed each year and can perform heart, lung, liver, kidney, small bowel, stem cell transplantation, so it is necessary to establish a hospital-specific protocol to deal with the SARS-CoV-2 infection for the donor and recipient.
JO  - Intensive Care Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00134-020-05978-8
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-020-05978-8
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Surgical treatment strategy for digestive system malignancies during the outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - Ma, F. H.
AU  - Hu, H. T.
AU  - Tian, Y. T.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia occurred in Wuhan, Hubei province of China, at the end of 2019, and spread rapidly across the country. After the outbreak of this disease, the overwhelming majority of cities have launched the "first level response" and the regular diagnosis and treatment of cancer patients are greatly affected. The digestive systemic cancer is the most common malignancy. Most patients are diagnosed in the advanced stage with poor prognosis. The epidemic of novel coronavirus pneumonia poses new challenges to diagnosis and treatment of the patients with digestive system malignancies. Based on the fully understanding of the characteristics of digestive system tumors, we should change the treatment strategy and adopt more reasonable treatment strategy timely during the epidemic period to minimize the adverse effects of the epidemic of novel coronavirus pneumonia on the treatment.
JO  - Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 42
IS  - 0
PG  - E001-E001
SP  - E001
EP  - E001
AN  - 32096396
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20200223-00117
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32096396
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Standardized diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer during the outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia in Renji hospital
AU  - LUO, Yang
AU  - ZHONG, Ming
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) is currently raging in China. It has been proven that NCP can be transmitted from human to human and cause hospital infection, which seriously threatens surgical staffs and inpatients. Although colorectal surgery is not a front-line subject in the fight against the epidemic, but in this special situation, now it is a difficult task that with the premise of how to maximize the protection for patients and their families, health of medical staff, and the safety of wards and hospitals, we can provide the highest quality medical services to ensure the orderly development of previous clinical work. Referring to the &quot;Diagnosis and Treatment Scheme for NCP (Trial Version 4 and 5)&quot; and combining the actual practice situation in our hospital with the &quot;Summary of New Coronavirus Files of Shanghai Renji Hospital&quot;, we summarize how to carry out the clinical practice of colorectal surgery under the situation of the prevention and control of the NCP epidemiology, meanwhile under such situation aiming the procedure of diagnose and treatment for emergency patients with colorectal tumor, we share the experiences of the diagnosis of colorectal tumor, the management of patients with colorectal cancer who are scheduled to be admitted for surgery, the protection of wards, the perioperative management. More importantly, we introduce in detail the operative management and perioperative management of colorectal surgery patients suspected or diagnosed with new coronary pneumonia, including prevention and control measures for medical staff, operating rooms and surgical instruments. The main points are as follows: (1) Multidisciplinary team (MDT) must be run through the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer. The members include not only routine departments, but also respiratory department and infectious department. (2) Colonoscopy examination may cause cross infection of NCP to patients and doctors. Therefore, it is prior to examine the emergency cases and life-threatening patients (bleeding, obstruction, gastrointestinal foreign bodies, etc.). If the emergent patients (intestinal obstruction) with suspected or confirmed NCP, the surgeons must perform emergency surgery, and intestinal decompressive tube through colonoscopy is not recommended. (3) The colorectal cancer patients with suspected or confirmed NCP should be placed in the isolated room with separate medical devices, and the operative room with negative pressure (under-5 Pa) must be separated. All disposable medical items, body fluids and feces of the patients in perioperative periods must be unified disposed according to the medical waste standard. (4) The surgical medical workers who process colorectal cancer patients with NCP must be protected by three-level. After operation, the medical workers must receive medical observation and be isolated for 14 days. We hope our &quot;Renji experience&quot; will be beneficial to colleagues.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 23
IS  - 3
PG  - E003-E003
SP  - E003
EP  - E003
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel coronavirus pneumonia in the primary general hospital of treatment based on traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation and prevention
AU  - Liao, Rongye
AU  - Yang, Jie
AU  - Cao, Zhi
AU  - Wang, Jun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - To observe the curative effect of TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment for novel coronavirus pneumonia (novel coronavirus pneumonia, NCP) patients and the preventive effect for Chinese medical staff. Methods. A total of 62 NCP suspected patients admitted in 2020 were treated with TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment, as well as our hospital medical staff with No.1-4 hospital prescription. After taking traditional Chinese medicine, 16 out of 25 NCP suspected patients with phlegm heat stagnating lung syndrome were discharged to home for isolation observation, 4 patients hospitalized for observation, and 5 patients confirmed with NCP. For 15 patients with phlegm dampness accumulating lung syndrome, 7 patients were discharged to home for isolation observation, 3 patients were hospitalized for observation and 5 patients have been confirmed. For 18 patients with spleen stomach disharmony syndrome, 15 patients were discharged to home for isolation observation, 1 patient was hospitalized for observation and 2 patients have been confirmed. For 4 patients with Qi deficiency and dampness stagnation syndrome were discharged to home for isolation observation, 1 patient was hospitalized for observation, and two have been confirmed. The duration of taking traditional Chinese medicine was 1 to 20 days from admission to be discharged. The doctors and nurses who took the prescription of TCM for 12 to 15 days have been prevented from NCP infection. Conclusions. The clinical effect and the preventive effect of TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment for NCP have been proved to be satisfactory. TCM can go into the primary hospital for treatment and prevention on NCP.
JO  - International Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 42
IS  - 0
PG  - 001-001
SP  - 001
EP  - 001
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Management strategy of Novel coronavirus pneumonia in burn and wound care ward
AU  - LI, Ning
AU  - LIU, Ting Min
AU  - CHEN, Hua Ling
AU  - LIAO, Jian Mei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The prevention and control of novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) has already entered a key period . The patients treated in the burn and wound care ward are susceptible to viral infection because of disease, age and other factors, so it is very important to manage the burn and wound care ward during the prevention and control of NCP epidemic. In this paper, combining with the key clinical problems of prevention and control in hospital during the epidemic period of NCP infection, medical evidence, and clinical and management experience, the author formulates prevention and control management strategy of the author's unit in order to provide reference for prevention and control of burn and wound care ward.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Burns
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 36
IS  - 0
PG  - E002-E002
SP  - E002
EP  - E002
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Functional assessment of cell entry and receptor usage for SARS-CoV-2 and other lineage B betacoronaviruses
AU  - Letko, Michael
AU  - Marzi, Andrea
AU  - Munster, Vincent
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Over the past 20 years, several coronaviruses have crossed the species barrier into humans, causing outbreaks of severe, and often fatal, respiratory illness. Since SARS-CoV was first identified in animal markets, global viromics projects have discovered thousands of coronavirus sequences in diverse animals and geographic regions. Unfortunately, there are few tools available to functionally test these viruses for their ability to infect humans, which has severely hampered efforts to predict the next zoonotic viral outbreak. Here, we developed an approach to rapidly screen lineage B betacoronaviruses, such as SARS-CoV and the recent SARS-CoV-2, for receptor usage and their ability to infect cell types from different species. We show that host protease processing during viral entry is a significant barrier for several lineage B viruses and that bypassing this barrier allows several lineage B viruses to enter human cells through an unknown receptor. We also demonstrate how different lineage B viruses can recombine to gain entry into human cells, and confirm that human ACE2 is the receptor for the recently emerging SARS-CoV-2.
JO  - Nat Microbiol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1038/s41564-020-0688-y
SP  - 10.1038/s41564
EP  - 020
AN  - 32094589
DO  - 10.1038/s41564-020-0688-y
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32094589
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Are children less susceptible to COVID-19?
AU  - Lee, Ping-Ing
AU  - Hu, Ya-Li
AU  - Chen, Po-Yen
AU  - Huang, Yhu-Chering
AU  - Hsueh, Po-Ren
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2020.02.011
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1684118220300396
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Early Phylogenetic Estimate of the Effective Reproduction Number Of Sars-CoV-2
AU  - Lai, Alessia
AU  - Bergna, Annalisa
AU  - Acciarri, Carla
AU  - Galli, Massimo
AU  - Zehender, Gianguglielmo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - To reconstruct the evolutionary dynamics of the 2019 novel coronavirus recently causing an outbreak in Wuhan, China, 52 SARS-CoV-2 genomes available on 04 February 2020 at GISAID were analysed. The two models used to estimate the reproduction number (coalescent-based exponential growth and a birth-death skyline method) indicated an estimated mean evolutionary rate of 7.8 x 10(-4) subs/site/year (range 1.1x10(-4) -15x10(-4) ) and a mean tMRCA of the tree root of 73 days. The estimated R value was 2.6 (range 2.1-5.1), and increased from 0.8 to 2.4 in December 2019. The estimated mean doubling time of the epidemic was between 3.6 and 4.1 days. This study proves the usefulness of phylogeny in supporting the surveillance of emerging new infections even as the epidemic is growing. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - J Med Virol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1002/jmv.25723
SP  - 10.1002/jmv.25723
EP  - 
AN  - 32096566
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25723
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32096566
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Therapeutic strategies in an outbreak scenario to treat the novel coronavirus originating in Wuhan, China [version 2; peer review: 2 approved]
AU  - Kruse, Robert L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) originating in Wuhan, China presents a potential respiratory viral pandemic to the world population. Current efforts are focused on containment and quarantine of infected individuals. Ultimately, the outbreak could be controlled with a protective vaccine to prevent 2019-nCoV infection. While vaccine research should be pursued intensely, there exists today no therapy to treat 2019-nCoV upon infection, despite an urgent need to find options to help these patients and preclude potential death. Herein, I review the potential options to treat 2019-nCoV in patients, with an emphasis on the necessity for speed and timeliness in developing new and effective therapies in this outbreak. I consider the options of drug repurposing, developing neutralizing monoclonal antibody therapy, and an oligonucleotide strategy targeting the viral RNA genome, emphasizing the promise and pitfalls of these approaches. Finally, I advocate for the fastest strategy to develop a treatment now, which could be resistant to any mutations the virus may have in the future. The proposal is a biologic that blocks 2019-nCoV entry using a soluble version of the viral receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), fused to an immunoglobulin Fc domain (ACE2-Fc), providing a neutralizing antibody with maximal breath to avoid any viral escape, while also helping to recruit the immune system to build lasting immunity. The ACE2-Fc therapy would also supplement decreased ACE2 levels in the lungs during infection, thereby directly treating acute respiratory distress pathophysiology as a third mechanism of action. The sequence of the ACE2-Fc protein is provided to investigators, allowing its possible use in recombinant protein expression systems to start producing drug today to treat patients under compassionate use, while formal clinical trials are later undertaken. Such a treatment could help infected patients before a protective vaccine is developed and widely available in the coming months to year(s).
JO  - F1000Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.12688/f1000research.22211.2
UR  - https://doaj.org/article/33b8fde0a6f34e978d3470caa9a491b5
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Potential association between COVID-19 mortality and health-care resource availability
AU  - Ji, Yunpeng
AU  - Ma, Zhongren
AU  - Peppelenbosch, Maikel P.
AU  - Pan, Qiuwei
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - As recorded by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), by Feb 16, 2020, there had been 70 641 confirmed cases and 1772 deaths due to COVID-19, with an average mortality of about 2·5%. However, in-depth analysis of these data show clear disparities in mortality rates between Wuhan (>3%), different regions of Hubei (about 2·9% on average), and across the other provinces of China (about 0·7% on average). We postulate that this is likely to be related to the rapid escalation in the number of infections around the epicentre of the outbreak, which has resulted in an insufficiency of health-care resources, thereby negatively affecting patient outcomes in Hubei, while this has not yet been the situation for the other parts of China (figure A, B). If we assume that average levels of health care are similar throughout China, higher numbers of infections in a given population can be considered an indirect indicator of a heavier health-care burden. Plotting mortality against the incidence of COVID-19 (cumulative number of confirmed cases since the start of the outbreak, per 10 000 population) showed a significant positive correlation (figure C), suggesting that mortality is correlated with health-care burden.
JO  - The Lancet Global Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30068-1
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30068-1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Update: Public Health Response to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Outbreak — United States, February 24, 2020 | MMWR
AU  - Jernigan, Daniel B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Fourteen cases have been diagnosed in the United States, in addition to 39 cases among repatriated persons from high-risk settings, for a current total of 53 cases within the United States. U.S. government agencies and public health partners are implementing aggressive measures to slow and try to contain transmission of COVID-19 in the United States.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/mm6908e1.htm?s_cid=mm6908e1_w
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Six weeks into the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak- it is time to consider strategies to impede the emergence of new zoonotic infections
AU  - Harypursat, Vijay
AU  - Chen, Yao-Kai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Chin Med J (Engl)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000760
SP  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000760
EP  - 
AN  - 32097202
DO  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000760
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32097202
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recent insights into 2019-nCoV: a brief but comprehensive review
AU  - Han, Qingmei
AU  - Lin, Qingqing
AU  - Jin, Shenhe
AU  - You, Liangshun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A novel coronavirus designated as 2019-nCoV hit the central Chinese city of Wuhan in late December 2019, and subsequently spread rapidly to all provinces of China and multiple countries. Up to 0:00 am February 9, 2020, a total of 37,287 cases have been confirmed infection of 2019-nCoV in China mainland, and 302 cases have also been cumulatively reported from 24 countries. According to the latest data, a total of 813 deaths occurred in China mainland, with the mortality reaching approximately 2.2%. At present, there is no vaccine or specific drugs for human coronavirus, so that it's critical to understand the nature of the virus and its clinical characteristics to response to the 2019-nCoV outbreak. Thus, we summarize the not much but timely reports on the 2019-nCoV in the present study, briefly but comprehensively.
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.02.010
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0163445320300876
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The antiviral compound remdesivir potently inhibits RNA-dependent RNA polymerase from Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus
AU  - Gordon, Calvin J.
AU  - Tchesnokov, Egor P.
AU  - Feng, Joy Y.
AU  - Porter, Danielle P.
AU  - Gotte, Matthias
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Antiviral drugs for managing infections with human coronaviruses are not yet approved, posing a serious challenge to current global efforts aimed at containing the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Remdesivir (RDV) is an investigational compound with a broad spectrum of antiviral activities against RNA viruses, including SARS-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS-CoV). RDV is a nucleotide analog inhibitor of RNA-dependent RNA polymerases (RdRps). Here, we co-expressed the MERS-CoV nonstructural proteins nsp5, nsp7, nsp8, and nsp12 (RdRp) in insect cells as a part a polyprotein to study the mechanism of inhibition of MERS-CoV RdRp by RDV. We initially demonstrated that nsp8 and nsp12 form an active complex. The triphosphate form of the inhibitor (RDV-TP) competes with its natural counterpart ATP. Of note, the selectivity value for RDV-TP obtained here with a steady-state approach suggests that it is more efficiently incorporated than ATP and two other nucleotide analogues. Once incorporated at position i, the inhibitor caused RNA synthesis arrest at position i+3. Hence, the likely mechanism of action is delayed RNA chain termination. The additional three nucleotides may protect the inhibitor from excision by the viral 3'-5' exonuclease activity. Together, these results help to explain the high potency of RDV against RNA viruses in cell-based assays.
JO  - J Biol Chem
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - jbc.AC120.013056
SP  - jbc.AC120.013056
EP  - 
AN  - 32094225
DO  - 10.1074/jbc.AC120.013056
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32094225
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 2019 novel coronavirus infection and gastrointestinal tract
AU  - Gao, Qin Yan
AU  - Chen, Ying Xuan
AU  - Fang, Jing Yuan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since end of December 2019, a cluster of patients with pneumonia of unknown origin was reported from Wuhan, Hubei province, China. As of Feb 17th, 2020, statistical data show that the outbreak constitutes an epidemic threat in China, where the exponential increase in patients has reached 75114 confirmed cases, with 2239 deaths. Different from SARS-CoV (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus) and MERS-CoV (Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus) infection, the initial presentations or the chief complain of some patients with the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) were gastrointestinal symptoms. So we call upon all the first-line medical staff to be cautious and pay more attention to those untypical patients especially from the epidemic area. Besides, as the viral nucleic acids could be found in the fecal samples and anal swabs of some patients with COVID-19 infection, the possibility of fecal-oral transmission need to be took into account. Based on the previously and recently studies, we speculate that COVID-19 may have some relationship with the gut microbiota through angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor, thus targeting gut microbiota might be a new therapeutic option for the treatment of virus-related pneumonia. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - J Dig Dis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1111/1751-2980.12851
SP  - 10.1111/1751
EP  - 2980.12851
AN  - 32096611
DO  - 10.1111/1751-2980.12851
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32096611
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Simulating and Forecasting the Cumulative Confirmed Cases of SARS-CoV-2 in China by Boltzmann Function-based Regression Analyses
AU  - Fu, Xinmiao
AU  - Ying, Qi
AU  - Zeng, Tieyong
AU  - Long, Tao
AU  - Wang, Yan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.02.019
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0163445320300980
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and blood safety: help with a dilemma
AU  - Dodd, Roger Y.
AU  - Stramer, Susan L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Transfusion Medicine Reviews
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmrv.2020.02.004
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0887796320300158
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Characteristics of and Public Health Responses to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Outbreak in China
AU  - Deng, Sheng-Qun
AU  - Peng, Hong-Juan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, cases of unidentified pneumonia with a history of exposure in the Huanan Seafood Market were reported in Wuhan, Hubei Province. A novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, was identified to be accountable for this disease. Human-to-human transmission is confirmed, and this disease (named COVID-19 by World Health Organization (WHO)) spread rapidly around the country and the world. As of 18 February 2020, the number of confirmed cases had reached 75,199 with 2009 fatalities. The COVID-19 resulted in a much lower case-fatality rate (about 2.67%) among the confirmed cases, compared with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS). Among the symptom composition of the 45 fatality cases collected from the released official reports, the top four are fever, cough, short of breath, and chest tightness/pain. The major comorbidities of the fatality cases include hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease, cerebral infarction, and chronic bronchitis. The source of the virus and the pathogenesis of this disease are still unconfirmed. No specific therapeutic drug has been found. The Chinese Government has initiated a level-1 public health response to prevent the spread of the disease. Meanwhile, it is also crucial to speed up the development of vaccines and drugs for treatment, which will enable us to defeat COVID-19 as soon as possible.
JO  - J Clin Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 2
PG  - E575
SP  - E575
EP  - 
AN  - 32093211
DO  - 10.3390/jcm9020575
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32093211
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 control in China during mass population movements at New Year
AU  - Chen, Simiao
AU  - Yang, Juntao
AU  - Yang, Weizhong
AU  - Wang, Chen
AU  - Bärnighausen, Till
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - Government policies enacted during the Chinese Lunar New Year holiday are likely to have helped reduce the spread of the virus by decreasing contact and increasing physical distance between those who have COVID-19 and those who do not. As part of these social distancing policies, the Chinese Government encouraged people to stay at home; discouraged mass gatherings; cancelled or postponed large public events; and closed schools, universities, government offices, libraries, museums, and factories. Only limited segments of urban public transport systems remained operational and all cross-province bus routes were taken out of service. As a result of these policies and public information and education campaigns, Chinese citizens started to take measures to protect themselves against COVID-19, such as staying at home as far as possible, limiting social contacts, and wearing protective masks when they needed to move in public.
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30421-9
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30421-9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Time to use the p-word? Coronavirus enters dangerous new phase
AU  - Callaway, Ewen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As outbreaks surge worldwide, scientists fear that COVID-19 might soon become pandemic. As outbreaks surge worldwide, scientists fear that COVID-19 might soon become pandemic.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:10.1038/d41586-020-00551-1
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00551-1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preliminary Identification of Potential Vaccine Targets for the COVID-19 Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) Based on SARS-CoV Immunological Studies
AU  - Ahmed, F. Syed
AU  - Quadeer, A. Ahmed
AU  - McKay, R. Matthew
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The beginning of 2020 has seen the emergence of COVID-19 outbreak caused by a novel coronavirus, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). There is an imminent need to better understand this new virus and to develop ways to control its spread. In this study, we sought to gain insights for vaccine design against SARS-CoV-2 by considering the high genetic similarity between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV, which caused the outbreak in 2003, and leveraging existing immunological studies of SARS-CoV. By screening the experimentally-determined SARS-CoV-derived B cell and T cell epitopes in the immunogenic structural proteins of SARS-CoV, we identified a set of B cell and T cell epitopes derived from the spike (S) and nucleocapsid (N) proteins that map identically to SARS-CoV-2 proteins. As no mutation has been observed in these identified epitopes among the 120 available SARS-CoV-2 sequences (as of 21 February 2020), immune targeting of these epitopes may potentially offer protection against this novel virus. For the T cell epitopes, we performed a population coverage analysis of the associated MHC alleles and proposed a set of epitopes that is estimated to provide broad coverage globally, as well as in China. Our findings provide a screened set of epitopes that can help guide experimental efforts towards the development of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2.
JO  - Viruses
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 12
IS  - 3
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/v12030254
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus latest: Trump requests $2.5 billion for coronavirus response
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Trump requests emergency funding for coronavirus response The White House on 24 February requested up to $2.5 billion to fund the US response to COVID-19. In a letter to Congress, the Office of Management and Budget requested $1.25 billion in new funding and proposed to make up the rest by repurposing funds allocated to other programs, including $535 million assigned to the Ebola response.Updates on the respiratory illness that has infected tens of thousands of people. Updates on the respiratory illness that has infected tens of thousands of people.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:10.1038/d41586-020-00154-w
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00154-w
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Correction to <em>Lancet Infect Dis</em> 2020; published online Feb 18. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30111-0
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - Cuong LV, Giang HTN, Linh LC, et al. The first Vietnamese case of COVID-19 acquired from China. Lancet Infectious Diseases 2020; published online Feb 18. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30111-0—In this Letter, parts A and B in the figure were labelled the wrong way around. This correction has been made to the online version as of Feb 24, 2020, and will be made to the printed version.
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
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IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30128-6
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30128-6
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Correction to <em>Lancet Respir Med</em> 2020; published online Feb 17. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30076-X
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - Xu Z, Shi L, Wang Y, et al. Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Lancet Respir Med 2020; published online Feb 17. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30076-X—In this Case Report “by obtaining biopsy samples at autopsy” has been replace with “by postmortem biopsies” in paragraph 1, “microvascular” has been replaced with “microvesicular” in two incidences in paragraph 5, and “(B) Frequency of Th17 (CD4+ CCR6+CCR4+) subset” has been changed to “(B) Frequency of Th17 (CD4+ CCR6+) subset” on page 3 of the appendix. These corrections have been made to the online version as of Feb 25, 2020, and will be made to the printed version.
JO  - The Lancet Respiratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30085-0
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30085-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Perinatal novel coronavirus infection: a case report
AU  - ZHUANG, Siying
AU  - GUO, Juanjuan
AU  - CAO, Yuming
AU  - CHEN, Huijun
AU  - XU, Dan
AU  - LI, Jiafu
AU  - ZHANG, Yuanzhen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We hereby reported the diagnosis, treatment process and perinatal outcome of a patient with novel coronavirus infection in perinatal period. The pregnant woman delivered a boy by cesarean section at 37 +2 gestational weeks due to severe liver dysfunction. She subsequently had a high fever 2 days later, and novel coronavirus infection was confirmed by nucleic acid test in a throat swab. After a 12-day isolation and support treatment, her two consecutive throat swab results for novel coronavirus turned negative and she was discharged. The novel coronavirus was tested in the patient's blood, urine, breast milk as well as the neonatal throat swab, and the results were all negative. The neonate had an elevated myocardial enzyme, but was otherwise well and was discharged after 14-day isolation with normal myocardial enzyme.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Perinatal Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 23
IS  - 2
PG  - 85-90
SP  - 85
EP  - 90
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Current status of treatment for 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - ZHU, Naiwei
AU  - ZHAO, Ping
AU  - QI, Zhongtian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) is a new member of coronavirus family that can cause serious respiratory diseases after the emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and middle east respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (MERS-CoV). At present, there is no specific antiviral drug targeting 2019-nCoV. In facing of the increasingly serious epidemic of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia and the urgent needs in drug treatment strategies, this paper reviewed the current research situation and progress in antiviral treatment for the newly identified disease.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Microbiology and Immunology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 40
IS  - 1
PG  - E002-E002
SP  - E002
EP  - E002
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Reconsideration on the multiple value of Behavior determining Health: in the perspective of the situation of COVID-19
AU  - ZHU, Lifang
AU  - BIE, Mingke
AU  - SONG, Guojian
AU  - YANG, Zhiyin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Why has the concept of behavior determining health created more and more extensive and far-reaching influence ever since it was put forward? The reason lies in its multiple values. It is of great practical significance and has important implications for long-term health care to explore and analyze in the perspective of the situation of COVID-19 its philosophical values, cultural values, methodological values, social values and the national strategic value of 'healthy China'.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 29
IS  - 0
PG  - E002-E002
SP  - E002
EP  - E002
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus (SADS-CoV) antagonizes interferon-β production via blocking IPS-1 and RIG-I
AU  - Zhou, Zhihai
AU  - Sun, Yuan
AU  - Yan, Xiaoling
AU  - Tang, Xiaoyu
AU  - Li, Qianniu
AU  - Tan, Yaorong
AU  - Lan, Tian
AU  - Ma, Jingyun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus (SADS-CoV), a newly emerging enteric coronavirus, is considered to be associated with swine acute diarrhea syndrome (SADS) which has caused significantly economic losses to the porcine industry. Interactions between SADS-CoV and the host innate immune response is unclear yet. In this study, we used IPEC-J2 cells as a model to explore potential evasion strategies employed by SADS-CoV. Our results showed that SADS-CoV infection failed to induce IFN-β production, and inhibited poly (I:C) and Sendai virus (SeV)-triggered IFN-β expression. SADS-CoV also blocked poly (I:C)-induced phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of IRF-3 and NF-κB. Furthermore, SADS-CoV did not interfere with the activity of IFN-β promoter stimulated by IRF3, TBK1 and IKKε, but counteracted its activation induced by IPS-1 and RIG-I. Collectively, this study is the first investigation that shows interactions between SADS-CoV and the host innate immunity, which provides information of the molecular mechanisms underlying SASD-CoV infection.
JO  - Virus Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 278
IS  - 
PG  - 197843
SP  - 197843
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virusres.2019.197843
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168170219305738
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Anesthesia management for cesarean section during novel coronavirous epidemic
AU  - ZHOU, Zhiqiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Thirty-six puerperas who underwent emergency cesarean section at Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology from January 24, 2020 to February 9, 2020, who all wore medical surgical masks, were retrospectively included in this study. Anesthesia management was performed under tertiary medical protection measures. A dedicated anesthesia equipment was separately sterilized. Narcotic drugs were used for one patient only, and disposable medical supplies were used for anesthetic supplies. Contact transmission should be avoided when a neonate required resuscitation, and early isolation and nucleic acid testing were provided for the neonates. The rate of suspected cases of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) was 11% , and the rate of clinically diagnosed cases was 17% before surgery. The rate of clinically diagnosed cases of 2019-nCoV was 22%, the rate of confirmed cases was 8%, and the total positive rate of diagnosis was 31% after surgery. The rate of neuraxial anesthesia was 86%, the rate of general anesthesia was 14%, the time of spinal puncture was (15&plusmn;7) min, the time of tracheal intubation under general anesthesia was (2.1&plusmn;1.3) min, the operation time was (95&plusmn;36) min, and blood loss was (276&plusmn;166) ml. The Apgar score of newborns was 8.8 &plusmn; 0.5. There was 1 neonate whose&nbsp;mother was diagnosed as having 2019 novel coronavirous disease after operation, an oropharyngeal swab specimen was obtained at 36 h of birth, and the swab was tested positive for 2019-nCoV by nucleic acid testing. As of February 10, 2020, an anesthesiologist involved in the operation was diagnosed to have infection by 2019-nCoV. In conclusion, diagnosis of 2019 novel coronavirous disease during pregnancy is more difficult, it is necessary to perform anesthesia management for cesarean section under tertiary medical protection. Although the difficulty in anesthesia operation is increased under tertiary medical protection, anesthesiologists can carry out standardized anesthesia management and guarantee the safety of maternal and infants and anesthesiologists themselves as long as they are rigorously trained and adhere to protective protocols.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Anesthesiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 40
IS  - 0
PG  - E006-E006
SP  - E006
EP  - E006
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Research on the prevention and control of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia for Internet-based hospitals using UTAUT-DST model
AU  - ZHOU, Yuan
AU  - TIAN, Di
AU  - ZHOU, Dian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Thanks to the transmission characteristics of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia, Internet-based hospitals can effectively cut off the transmission route via online consulting service. The hospital, leveraging the UTAUT model and DST theory, and advantages of Internet-based hospitals, is deploying step by step such four modules, as 'pre-hospital screening', 'patient acceptance', 'auxiliary diagnosis and treatment', and 'prevention and control linkage'. These efforts ultimately contribute to an innovative prevention and control pattern against the novel coronary pneumonia for Internet-based hospitals and based on the UTAUT-DST model. This practice proves an initial success, and offers useful references for prevention and control of the NCP and development of other Internet-based hospitals.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Hospital Administration
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 36
IS  - 0
PG  - E006-E006
SP  - E006
EP  - E006
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How Ophthalmologists Should Understand and Respond to the Current Epidemic of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (COVID-19)
AU  - ZHIJIE, Li
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The new coronavirus pneumonia that first appeared in Wuhan, China, in December 2019 has attracted great attention from both the Chinese government and the international community. The International Committee on Viral Classification named the virus 'Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2' (SARS-CoV-2), and the WHO named the pneumonia it causes 'Coronavirus Disease 2019' (COVID-19). At present, the disease is centered in Wuhan City and is spreading rapidly to all parts of China, as well as twenty other countries. About 20% of the people infected during the SARS epidemic in 2003 were employees in hospital environments. COVID-19 has infected an even greater number of heath care workers. Therefore, ophthalmologists need to understand the disease and recognize the importance of taking preventive measures. Although ophthalmologists do not work on the front lines of the outbreak, due to their area of expertise, a variety of situations, such as infection consultations or ophthalmic emergency treatments, can lead to the exposure of ophthalmologists to high-risk environments. This risk will only increase as the number of infected patients continues to increase. When dealing with seemingly normal ophthalmic patients, the vigilance of ophthalmologists and associated staff tends to be significantly reduced. To better protect patients, families, and health care workers, it is strongly recommended that in addition to the standard precautions for the care of all patients, strict contact precautions and droplet precautions need to be taken by ophthalmologists. These measures include 1) wearing an efficient mask (an N95 mask); 2) always performing hand hygiene before and after examining a patient; (3) wearing sterile gloves when entering a patient&rsquo;s room and touching a patient; (4) wearing a gown when contact is expected with items and environmental surfaces surrounding a patient or when the patient is incontinent or has diarrhea or a surgical or other invasive wound with oozing fluid; 5) cleaning and disinfecting ophthalmic equipment and correctly handling medical waste after examination to prevent transmission to patients who are subsequently examined; 6) wearing goggles and a disposable mask to cover the front and sides of the face before touching a patient, as the virus could spread through the ocular surface; 7) performing the relevant screening for novel coronavirus pneumonia for regular patients who have conjunctivitis and respiratory symptoms at the same time; 8) prohibiting the use of infected patients as potential donors for corneal transplants and temporarily adding donor SARS-CoV-2 screening to the medical standard of the eye bank during the outbreak; and 9) for the purposes of scientific research, diagnosis, and other special needs, packing, shipping, and transporting collected specimens according to the relevant dangerous biological goods regulations.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Experimental Ophthalmology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 38
IS  - 0
PG  - E003-E003
SP  - E003
EP  - E003
AN  - 
DO  - 
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Suggestions casted to the novel coronavirus nucleic acid amplification test from viral pneumonia pathogenesis
AU  - ZHAO, Xiuying
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - An outbreak of Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV), results in Coronavirus disease that began in Wuhan, China, has spread rapidly with cases now confirmed in multiple countries. Nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT), represent by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) plays an important role in disease diagnosis and treatment evaluation. The test results by RT-PCR have attracted much attention recently. As understanding to this novel pathogen is still limited, it would be much help to combine the knowledge about its pathogenesis to judge the test results, in addition to review the quality control in laboratory. This review will focus on understanding the specific RT-PCR performance of the 2019-nCoV, under the background of viral pneumonia. The purpose of this review is to add value to NAAT of 2019-nCoV, with combined knowledge of epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical characteristics and pre-analysis quality control from viral pneumonia.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Laboratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 0
PG  - E009-E009
SP  - E009
EP  - E009
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical characteristics of 28 patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - ZHAO, Rui
AU  - LIANG, Yunguang
AU  - LIN, Yanrong
AU  - LU, Ning
AU  - LI, Qiulian
AU  - LI, Youling
AU  - PAN, Pan
AU  - HE, Wei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To analysis the clinical characteristics and experiences in diagnosis and treatment of the patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP). Methods Clinical data of 28 patients with NCP in Nanning Fourth People's Hospital from January 22 to February 5 in 2020 were collected. The clinical manifestations, epidemiological history, laboratory tests, imaging examinations and treatments of patients were analyzed retrospectively. Results The 28 patients with confirmed viral pneumonia included 11 males and 17 females, ranging from 11 to 68 years. They all had history of epidemiological exposure and were all positive for 2019-nCoV nucleic acid in throat swabs. There were one mild case, 25 ordinary cases and two severe cases. There were four groups of family clusters. The illness onset ranged from 1 to 12 days after exposure, and the time from the symptom onset to the positive result of the nucleic acid test was 0 to 13 days. The clinical symptoms were mainly fever and cough, which progressed rapidly in a short period of time. Since the onset of illness, the peak values of axillary temperature of the 28 patients were 36.6~39.5 &#8451;, while five patients had no fever throughout the course of the disease with the peak temperature of &le;37 &#8451;. There were two patients presented with decreased white blood cell counts, five patients with elevated C reactive protein, six patients with abnormal alanine aminotransferase, three patients with abnormal aspartate aminotransferase,10 patients with elevated creatine kinase, three patients with elevated creatine kinase isoenzyme, four patients with elevated lactate dehydrogenase, and all with normal procalcitonin levels. The chest computed tomography examinations showed that the common features were ground glass shadows (21 cases), blurred edges (18 cases), speckles and patchy shadows (17 cases), thickening and disorder of some lung textures (7 cases), and visible band shadows (7 cases). Pulmonary lesions often progressed rapidly. One 11-year-old child was treated with alpha-interferon alone, and 27 patients were treated with alpha-interferon inhalation plus lopinavir/ritonavir with 4 withdrawal due to adverse reactions. Up to February 12, nine patients had been discharged from the hospital, who were ordinary cases, without death cases. Conclusions The NCP patients mostly present with fever and cough. Pulmonary lesions often progress rapidly. Respiratory pathogen testing should be conducted as early as possible and repeatedly. Disisolation should be cautious for suspected people who are negative for 2019-nCoV nucleic acid in pharynx swabs.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 38
IS  - 0
PG  - E006-E006
SP  - E006
EP  - E006
AN  - 
DO  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - The treatment proposal for the patients with breast diseases in the central epidemic area of 2019 coronavirus disease
AU  - ZHAO, Lu
AU  - ZHANG, Lin
AU  - LIU, Jinwen
AU  - YANG, Zhifang
AU  - SHEN, Wenzhuang
AU  - LI, Xingrui
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Currently, the epidemic of 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is still ongoing. The characteristics including high contagiousness, herd susceptibility and clinical phenotype diversity, made a serious influence on people&rsquo;s daily life and rountine therapy for other diseases. Breast dieases are clinical common diseases. In the central epidemic area of COVID-19, Hubei province, especially Wuhan, the clinical specialists of breast diseases should consider all of the following factors comprehensively: the prevention of COVID-19, the diagnosis and treatment of breast diseases and the accessibility of medical resources. Besides, we should select the appropriate therapy and optimize treatment process so as to prevent the propagation and cross infection of COVID-19 as well as manage the breast diseases without delay. Therefore, we carried out some management proposals of the patients with breast diseases in the central epidemic area during the epidemic of COVID-19 on the basis of conventional treatment guidelines and clinical experiences. The suggestions and corrections from colleagues will be welcomed.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 58
IS  - 0
PG  - E005-E005
SP  - E005
EP  - E005
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Key points of serious adverse eventand protection of patients in ophthalmic clinical trials during novel coronavirus pneumonia outbreak
AU  - ZHANG, Peng
AU  - LU, Yingyi
AU  - SONG, Shuang
AU  - YU, Xiaobing
AU  - DAI, Hong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The prevention and control of novel coronavirus pneumonia is the most priority recently, and various measures during the prevention and control period will have varying degrees of impact on the implement of clinical trials. However, various examinations in ophthalmological clinical trials need close contact between operators and patients, which put us at risk of cross-infection. This paper indicated some suggestions based on the criteria of clinical trials under major public health emergencies, the management of clinical trials during epidemic period including the follow-up of subjects, the treatment of epidemic serious adverse event (SAE) and the management requirements of co-sponsors, as well as the requirements and management principles for environment, subjects, examiners and inspection equipment in the process of ophthalmic clinical trials. It may be helpful to the ophthalmic clinical trial researchers and subjects during the period of novel coronavirus infection.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Experimental Ophthalmology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 38
IS  - 0
PG  - E007-E007
SP  - E007
EP  - E007
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Experts proposal and frequently asked questions of rapid screening and prevention of novel coronavirus pneumonia in children
AU  - ZHANG, Lei
AU  - CAO, Qing
AU  - WANG, Ying
AU  - LU, Quan
AU  - HONG, Jianguo
AU  - YIN, Yong
AU  - ZHANG, Xiaobo
AU  - ZHANG, Jianhua
AU  - LU, Min
AU  - DONG, Xiaoyan
AU  - LU, Yanming
AU  - ZHANG, Jing
AU  - ZHANG, Jian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) has become the most severe public health issue at the moment, threatening people&prime;s lives. Pediatricians in Shanghai have recently launched a discussion on the focused questions of NCP, including the incidence situation, epidemiological features, essentials of early screening, treatment and nosocomial infection prevention of children&prime;s novel coronavirus infection (2019-nCoV), and further put forward the experts proposal upon the patterns of disease occurrence, development, diagnosis and control, for the reference of frontline pediatricians.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Applied Clinical Pediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 35
IS  - 2
PG  - 105-111
SP  - 105
EP  - 111
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Corona Virus International Public Health Emergencies: Implications for Radiology Management
AU  - Zhang, Han-Wen
AU  - Yu, Juan
AU  - Xu, Hua-Jian
AU  - Lei, Yi
AU  - Pu, Zu-Hui
AU  - Dai, Wei-Cai
AU  - Lin, Fan
AU  - Wang, Yu-Li
AU  - Wu, Xiao-Liu
AU  - Liu, Li-Hong
AU  - Li, Min
AU  - Mo, Yong-Qian
AU  - Zhang, Hong
AU  - Luo, Si-Ping
AU  - Chen, Huan
AU  - Lyu, Gui-Wen
AU  - Zhou, Zhao-Guang
AU  - Liu, Wei-Min
AU  - Liu, Xiao-Lei
AU  - Song, Hai-Yan
AU  - Chen, Fu-Zhen
AU  - Zeng, Liang
AU  - Zhong, Hua
AU  - Guo, Ting-Ting
AU  - Hu, Ya-Qiong
AU  - Yang, Xin-Xin
AU  - Liu, Pin-Ni
AU  - Li, Ding-Fu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) pneumonia was reported in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China in December 2019 and has spread internationally. This article discusses how radiology departments can most effectively respond to this public health emergency.
JO  - Academic Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acra.2020.02.003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1076633220300891
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Guidance on strengthening the management processes of children′s fever in outpatient department during the novel coronavirus pneumonia epidemic period (First Edition)
AU  - ZHANG, Guocheng
AU  - CHENG, Xiaoning
AU  - DING, Hui
AU  - SHI, Zhaoling
AU  - LI, Ruying
AU  - FU, Zhou
AU  - CHEN, Qiang
AU  - ZHAO, Dongchi
AU  - JIN, Runming
AU  - NIE, Guoming
AU  - LU, Jirong
AU  - LIU, Changshan
AU  - ZHAO, Deyu
AU  - PAN, Jiahua
AU  - FENG, Zhichun
AU  - SHI, Yuan
AU  - XIA, Zhengkun
AU  - ZHENG, Chengzhong
AU  - JIANG, Jinjin
AU  - WANG, Junxia
AU  - ZHENG, Yuejie
AU  - SHANG, Yunxiao
AU  - XIANG, Wei
AU  - XU, Baoping
AU  - SHEN, Kunling
AU  - WANG, Tianyou
AU  - YANG, Yonghong
AU  - LU, Quan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (NCP) is a class B infectious disease, which is prevented and controlled according to class A infectious diseases. Recently, children&prime;s NCP cases have gradually increased, and children&prime;s fever outpatient department has become the first strategic pass to stop the epidemic. Strengthening the management of the fever diagnosis process is very important for early detection of suspected children, early isolation, early treatment and prevention of cross-infection. This article proposes prevention and control strategies for fever diagnosis, optimizes processes, prevents cross-infection, health protection and disinfection of medical staff, based on the relevant diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control programs of the National Health and Health Commission and on the diagnosis and treatment experience of experts in various provinces and cities. The present guidance summarizes current strategies on pre-diagnosis; triage, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of 2019-nCoV infection in common fever, suspected and confirmed children, which provide practical suggestions on strengthening the management processes of children&prime;s fever in outpatient department during the novel coronavirus pneumonia epidemic period.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Applied Clinical Pediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 35
IS  - 2
PG  - 97-104
SP  - 97
EP  - 104
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Molecular Basis of Binding between Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus and CD26 from Seven Bat Species Distinct Roles for Sialoside and Protein Receptors in Coronavirus Infection
AU  - Yuan, Yuan
AU  - Qi, Jianxun
AU  - Peng, Ruchao
AU  - Li, Chunrui
AU  - Lu, Guangwen
AU  - Yan, Jinghua
AU  - Wang, Qihui
AU  - Gao, George Fu
AU  - Qing, Enya
AU  - Hantak, Michael
AU  - Perlman, Stanley
AU  - Gallagher, Tom
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Continued reports of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infecting humans have occurred since the identification of this virus in 2012. MERS-CoV is prone to cause endemic disease in the Middle East, with several dozen spillover infections to other continents. It is hypothesized that MERS-CoV originated from bat coronaviruses and that dromedary camels are its natural reservoir. Although gene segments identical to MERS-CoV were sequenced from certain species of bats and one species experimentally shed the virus, it is still unknown whether other bats can transmit the virus. Here, at the molecular level, we found that all purified bat CD26s (bCD26s) from a diverse range of species interact with the receptor binding domain (RBD) of MERS-CoV, with equilibrium dissociation constant values ranging from several to hundreds at the micromolar level. Moreover, all bCD26s expressed in this study mediated the entry of pseudotyped MERS-CoV to receptor-expressing cells, indicating the broad potential engagement of bCD26s as MERS-CoV receptors. Further structural analysis indicated that in the bat receptor, compared to the human receptor, substitutions of key residues and their adjacent amino acids leads to decreased binding affinity to the MERS-RBD. These results add more evidence to the existing belief that bats are the original source of MERS-CoV and suggest that bCD26s in many species can mediate the entry of the virus, which has significant implications for the surveillance and control of MERS-CoV infection.IMPORTANCE In this study, we found that bat CD26s (bCD26s) from different species exhibit large diversities, especially in the region responsible for binding to the receptor binding domain (RBD) of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). However, they maintain the interaction with MERS-RBD at varied affinities and support the entry of pseudotyped MERS-CoV. These bat receptors polymorphisms seem to confer evolutionary pressure for the adaptation of CD26-binding virus, such as the ancestor of MERS-CoV, and led to the generation of diversified CD26-engaging CoV strains. Thus, our data add more evidence to support that bats are the reservoir of MERS-CoV and similar viruses, as well as further emphasize the necessity to survey MERS-CoV and other CoVs among bats. Coronaviruses (CoVs) are common human and animal pathogens that can transmit zoonotically and cause severe respiratory disease syndromes. CoV infection requires spike proteins, which bind viruses to host cell receptors and catalyze virus-cell membrane fusion. Several CoV strains have spike proteins with two receptor-binding domains, an S1A that engages host sialic acids and an S1B that recognizes host transmembrane proteins. As this bivalent binding may enable broad zoonotic CoV infection, we aimed to identify roles for each receptor in distinct infection stages. Focusing on two betacoronaviruses, murine JHM-CoV and human Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), we found that virus particle binding to cells was mediated by sialic acids; however, the transmembrane protein receptors were required for a subsequent virus infection. These results favored a two-step process in which viruses first adhere to sialic acids and then require subsequent engagement with protein receptors during infectious cell entry. However, sialic acids sufficiently facilitated the later stages of virus spread through cell-cell membrane fusion, without requiring protein receptors. This virus spread in the absence of the prototype protein receptors was increased by adaptive S1A mutations. Overall, these findings reveal roles for sialic acids in virus-cell binding, viral spike protein-directed cell-cell fusion, and resultant spread of CoV infections.IMPORTANCE CoVs can transmit from animals to humans to cause serious disease. This zoonotic transmission uses spike proteins, which bind CoVs to cells with two receptor-binding domains. Here, we identified the roles for the two binding processes in the CoV infection process. Binding to sialic acids promoted infection and also supported the intercellular expansion of CoV infections through syncytial development. Adaptive mutations in the sialic acid-binding spike domains increased the intercellular expansion process. These findings raise the possibility that the lectin-like properties of many CoVs contribute to facile zoonotic transmission and intercellular spread within infected organisms.
JO  - Journal of Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 94
IS  - 5
PG  - e01387-19
SP  - e01387
EP  - 19
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1128/jvi.01387-19 10.1128/mBio.02764-19
UR  - https://jvi.asm.org/content/jvi/94/5/e01387-19.full.pdf https://mbio.asm.org/content/mbio/11/1/e02764-19.full.pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Molecular Basis of Binding between Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus and CD26 from Seven Bat Species
AU  - Yuan, Yuan
AU  - Qi, Jianxun
AU  - Peng, Ruchao
AU  - Li, Chunrui
AU  - Lu, Guangwen
AU  - Yan, Jinghua
AU  - Wang, Qihui
AU  - Gao, George Fu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Continued reports of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infecting humans have occurred since the identification of this virus in 2012. MERS-CoV is prone to cause endemic disease in the Middle East, with several dozen spillover infections to other continents. It is hypothesized that MERS-CoV originated from bat coronaviruses and that dromedary camels are its natural reservoir. Although gene segments identical to MERS-CoV were sequenced from certain species of bats and one species experimentally shed the virus, it is still unknown whether other bats can transmit the virus. Here, at the molecular level, we found that all purified bat CD26s (bCD26s) from a diverse range of species interact with the receptor binding domain (RBD) of MERS-CoV, with equilibrium dissociation constant values ranging from several to hundreds at the micromolar level. Moreover, all bCD26s expressed in this study mediated the entry of pseudotyped MERS-CoV to receptor-expressing cells, indicating the broad potential engagement of bCD26s as MERS-CoV receptors. Further structural analysis indicated that in the bat receptor, compared to the human receptor, substitutions of key residues and their adjacent amino acids leads to decreased binding affinity to the MERS-RBD. These results add more evidence to the existing belief that bats are the original source of MERS-CoV and suggest that bCD26s in many species can mediate the entry of the virus, which has significant implications for the surveillance and control of MERS-CoV infection.IMPORTANCE In this study, we found that bat CD26s (bCD26s) from different species exhibit large diversities, especially in the region responsible for binding to the receptor binding domain (RBD) of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). However, they maintain the interaction with MERS-RBD at varied affinities and support the entry of pseudotyped MERS-CoV. These bat receptors polymorphisms seem to confer evolutionary pressure for the adaptation of CD26-binding virus, such as the ancestor of MERS-CoV, and led to the generation of diversified CD26-engaging CoV strains. Thus, our data add more evidence to support that bats are the reservoir of MERS-CoV and similar viruses, as well as further emphasize the necessity to survey MERS-CoV and other CoVs among bats.
JO  - Journal of Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 94
IS  - 5
PG  - e01387-19
SP  - e01387
EP  - 19
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1128/JVI.01387-19
UR  - http://jvi.asm.org/content/94/5/e01387-19.abstract
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A climatologic investigation of the SARS-CoV outbreak in Beijing, China
AU  - Yuan, J.
AU  - Yun, H.
AU  - Lan, W.
AU  - Wang, W.
AU  - Sullivan, S. G.
AU  - Jia, S.
AU  - Bittles, A. H.
PY  - 2006
PD  - 
N2  - The first cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) were identified in November 2002, in Guangdong Province, China. The epidemic spread rapidly within China and internationally, with 8454 recorded infections and 792 deaths by June 15, 2003. Temperature, relative humidity, and wind velocity were the three key meteorological determinants affecting the transmission of SARS. The peak spread of SARS occurred at a mean temperature of 16.9 degrees C (95% CI, 10.7 degrees C to 23.1 degrees C), with a mean relative humidity of 52.2% (95% CI, 33.0% to 71.4%) and wind speed of 2.8 ms(-1) (95% CI, 2.0 to 3.6 ms(-1)). In northern China, these conditions are most likely to occur in the spring and suggest that SARS has a seasonal nature akin to viruses such as influenza and the common cold. A regression equation (Y=218.692-0.698X(t)-2.043X(h)+2.282X(w)) was derived to represent the optimal climatic conditions for the 2003 SARS epidemic. Further investigations in other regions are necessary to verify these results.
JO  - American Journal of Infection Control
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 34
IS  - 4
PG  - 234-236
SP  - 234
EP  - 236
AN  - 106466788. Language: English. Entry Date: 20060707. Revision Date: 20150819. Publication Type: Journal Article
DO  - 
UR  - http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=cin20&AN=106466788&site=ehost-live
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The world is changing fast!
AU  - Young, Charles
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The world is changing fast! As of 9 February 2020, there now have been at least 813 deaths from a novel strain of coronavirus that is thought to have originated in Wuhan, China (2019-nCoV), at the end of 2019. These deaths are in the context of the 37 558 cases of 2019-nCov which have already been diagnosed in China and multiple other countries.1 In the United Kingdom (UK), recent research by University College London, funded by the Nuffield Foundation, has found that 1 in 20 UK teachers now report long-lasting mental health problems, illustrating a dramatic increase from around 1/100 teachers affected in this way in the 1990s.2 In the United States (US), a recent report by Accenture (Artificial Intelligence [AI]: Healthcare's new nervous system), estimates that AI in health will be worth around $6.6 billion by 2021 and that “…when combined, key clinical health AI applications can potentially create $150 billion in annual savings for the US healthcare economy by 2026.”3 What do these facts and statistics have in common? Taken together they illustrate the massive range and rate of change in health and the responsibility of healthcare globally. In this context a valid question can be asked about the role of general medical journals such as the International Journal of Clinical Practice (IJCP). Having taken over as Editor in Chief of IJCP in January this year, I have the honour of leading an internationally renowned medical journal, with a team of extremely accomplished clinician editors, published by Wiley, one of the world's leading biomedical publishers. In our rapidly changing healthcare world, IJCP is eager, committed and ideally suited to undergo a transition process as well. As a team, our view is that in a healthcare environment of seemingly ever-increasing specialisation, one key role that a Journal such as ours should move to fulfil is to publish important, high quality medical research and opinion that will inform specialist clinicians about important general medical concepts, practical insights and recent advances. Similarly, we will also aim to inform generalists about key speciality medical advances that have relevance to generalists in the provision of care to their patients. In this work a foundational aspect of our editorial approach will be rather than looking for reasons to reject submissions, to clearly identify problems with submitted research and opinion if they exist, and work closely with authors to address these issues, allowing those authors to raise the quality of their work to the highest level. In that context, as well as continuing to publish submissions from internationally important clinicians and medical researchers worldwide, we also see that IJCP should aim to specifically encourage less experienced authors who nonetheless have important information to share with the global healthcare community. In this way, IJCP will drive forward its primary function of improving global health through the dissemination of world leading medical information and debate. The world is changing fast, and IJCP has the energy and vision to change with it!
JO  - International Journal of Clinical Practice
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 74
IS  - 3
PG  - e13486
SP  - e13486
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/ijcp.13486
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcp.13486
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chest Radiographic and CT Findings of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): Analysis of Nine Patients Treated in Korea
AU  - Yoon, Soon Ho
AU  - Lee, Kyung Hee
AU  - Kim, Jin Yong
AU  - Lee, Young Kyung
AU  - Ko, Hongseok
AU  - Kim, Ki Hwan
AU  - Park, Chang Min
AU  - Kim, Yun Hyeon
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE: This study presents a preliminary report on the chest radiographic and computed tomography (CT) findings of the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pneumonia in Korea. MATERIALS AND METHODS: As part of a multi-institutional collaboration coordinated by the Korean Society of Thoracic Radiology, we collected nine patients with COVID-19 infections who had undergone chest radiography and CT scans. We analyzed the radiographic and CT findings of COVID-19 pneumonia at baseline. Fisher's exact test was used to compare CT findings depending on the shape of pulmonary lesions. RESULTS: Three of the nine patients (33.3%) had parenchymal abnormalities detected by chest radiography, and most of the abnormalities were peripheral consolidations. Chest CT images showed bilateral involvement in eight of the nine patients, and a unilobar reversed halo sign in the other patient. In total, 77 pulmonary lesions were found, including patchy lesions (39%), large confluent lesions (13%), and small nodular lesions (48%). The peripheral and posterior lung fields were involved in 78% and 67% of the lesions, respectively. The lesions were typically ill-defined and were composed of mixed ground-glass opacities and consolidation or pure ground-glass opacities. Patchy to confluent lesions were primarily distributed in the lower lobes (p = 0.040) and along the pleura (p < 0.001), whereas nodular lesions were primarily distributed along the bronchovascular bundles (p = 0.006). CONCLUSION: COVID-19 pneumonia in Korea primarily manifested as pure to mixed ground-glass opacities with a patchy to confluent or nodular shape in the bilateral peripheral posterior lungs. A considerable proportion of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia had normal chest radiographs.
JO  - Korean J Radiol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.3348/kjr.2020.0132
SP  - 10.3348/kjr.2020.0132
EP  - 
AN  - 32100485
DO  - 10.3348/kjr.2020.0132
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32100485
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Management highlights for patients with orthopedic trauma during the epidemic of Corona Virus Disease 2019
AU  - YIN, Yingchao
AU  - HOU, Zhiyong
AU  - ZHU, Yanbin
AU  - YANG, Shuhong
AU  - CHEN, Wei
AU  - WANG, Xiuli
AU  - LI, Xiuting
AU  - ZHANG, Qi
AU  - ZHANG, Yingze
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Although the epidemic outbreak of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) restricted freecoming and going of people, it was inevitable that fracture patients, elderly ones with low-energy fracture in part ICU lar, sought medical attention. In this special situation, itwas crucial for trauma orthopaedists to do well in prevention and control of COVID-19 infection and in perioperative management of their patients as well while they went on with routine diagnosis and treatment. It was also of great significance for prognosis of the patients and prevention and control of the epidemic that orthopaedic surgeons chose proper surgical and anesthesia methods. In the process of diagnosis, treatment, nursing and rehabilitation, medical staff too was challenged by how to prevent themselves from infection and how to eliminate cluster COVID-19 transmission. This paper, from the perspectives of orthopedic surgeons, nurses and patients, expounds briefly on the management of patients with orthopedic trauma during the epidemic period of COVID-19 in a mode of multidisciplinary comprehensive interventions.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 22
IS  - 2
PG  - E003-E003
SP  - E003
EP  - E003
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - New coronavirus pneumonia and outbreak epidemic virus and eye disease
AU  - YIN, Shengjie
AU  - ZHANG, Mingzhi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since the outbreak of the new coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) in Wuhan City, China, the main transmission mode as well as the diagnosis and treatment of NCP have become a focus of research in China and World Health Organizations. Understanding the mode of infection, transmission and biological behavior of the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) is undoubtedly a key of cutting off the spread and prevention of the disease which doctors are fearing to be a worldwide epidemic. In February 2019, Lancet published a correspondence paper, which reviewed a case of NCP patient who first started with conjunctivitis, and raised the issue that the transmission of 2019-nCoV through the ocular surface must not be ignored, causing widespread concern. However, due to a lack of clinical observation data and laboratory research at present, the relationship between NCP pathogen infection and ocular surface infection is not completely clear. So far, there have been many studies and reports on the observation of large-scale epidemic virus infections and eye diseases. This article reviews the eye performance of various types of epidemic virus infections and provides a reference for NCP prevention and control.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Experimental Ophthalmology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 38
IS  - 2
PG  - 156-160
SP  - 156
EP  - 160
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel coronavirus pneumonia combined with viral conjunctivitis: three cases report
AU  - YE, Ya
AU  - SONG, Yanping
AU  - YAN, Ming
AU  - HU, Cheng
AU  - CHEN, Xiao
AU  - YU, Juan
AU  - REN, Xingfeng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since January 2020, as ophthalmologists working at the center of the novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) outbreak in Wuhan, China, we found 3 cases in 30 NCP patients with binocular conjunctivitis. Of them, one case visited for conjunctivitis as a first symptom and then diagnosed as NCP, and two cases visited for binocular conjunctivitis during the NCP onset. In 3 patients, conjunctivitis was manifested as signs of viral conjunctivitis from mild to moderate. Their symptoms of two patients disappeared after treatment with antiviral eyedrops for 7 to 10 days and another patient died of NCP. Interestingly,although we detected positive viral nucleic acid in the conjunctiva sacs of 2 of other 27 NCP patients by using swabs and RT-PCR technology, no conjunctivitis occurred in these two patients.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Experimental Ophthalmology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 38
IS  - 0
PG  - E006-E006
SP  - E006
EP  - E006
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prevention and consideration for the biosafety of laboratory testing under epidemic condition
AU  - YE, Qing
AU  - LI, Wei
AU  - ZHOU, Mingming
AU  - FU, Junfen
AU  - SHU, Qiang
AU  - GONG, Fangqi
AU  - SHANG, Shiqiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Laboratory testing plays an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with Novel Coronavirus pneumonia. However, the lack of understanding of the virus in the early stage led to great difficulties in biosafety protection for clinical laboratories. Based on the latest researches and findings about the virus, this paper provides some personal opinions on the biosafety prevention in clinical laboratorians under epidemic condition for the reference of laboratory workers.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Laboratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 0
PG  - E011-E011
SP  - E011
EP  - E011
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Tuberculosis and novel Wuhan coronavirus infection: pathological interrelationship
AU  - Yasri, Sora
AU  - Wiwanitkit, Viroj
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Indian Journal of Tuberculosis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijtb.2020.02.004
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0019570720300299
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Practice and thinking of the informationized cabin hospitals during the novel coronavirus pneumonia period
AU  - YAO, Gang
AU  - ZHANG, Xiaoxiang
AU  - WANG, Huoming
AU  - LI, Jin
AU  - TIAN, Jian
AU  - WANG, Liang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Novel coronavirus pneumonia, which has emerged in Wuhan since the end of 2019, has posed a huge challenge for medical institutions in the city. Rapid completion of a number of cabin hospitals plays a vital role in preventing further spreading of the epidemic, by means of collecting and treating mild patients of the disease. This paper presents the key process of Tongji Hospital in its rapid informatization since it took over a cabin hospital. Based on the network architecture of the Tongji cloud platform, the shared service center is used to share data and integrate services between the cabin hospital and Tongji hospital. This practice can prevent cross-infection and improve service efficiency as well, hence offering a reference for future information infrastructure development of cabin hospitals.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Hospital Administration
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 36
IS  - 0
PG  - E008-E008
SP  - E008
EP  - E008
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Strategies suggested for emergency diagnosis and treatment of traumatic orthopedicsin the epidemic periodof Corona Virus Disease 2019
AU  - YANG, Yue
AU  - YU, Aixi
AU  - XIAO, Wenxia
AU  - SUN, Zhibo
AU  - LIU, Feng
AU  - WU, Fei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To suggest strategies for emergency diagnosis and treatment of trauma orthopedics in the epidemic period of Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19). Methods In the epidemic of COVID-19 from January 21 to February 15, 2020, 128 patients with orthopaedic trauma sought emergency treatment at Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The People&rsquo;s Hospital of Wuhan University. They were 71 males and 57 females with an average age of 48.7 years (from 5 to 88 years).Of them, 107 cases were treated at the outpatient department and 21 hospitalized. Emergency operations were carried out for 4 cases and selective operationsfor 17 cases. COVID-19 infections were recorded in the patients and medical staff as well. Measures taken and experiences learned were summarized since the epidemicoutbreak of COVID-19. Results Of the 107 cases treated at the outpatient department, 3 had a definite diagnosis of COVID-19 and 3 a suspected diagnosis of COVID-19. Of the 4 cases undergoing emergency surgery, one was suspected of having COVID-19. Of the 17 cases undergoing selective surgery, one was diagnosed definitely as COVID-19and 2 were suspected of COVID-19. Two nurses were diagnosed definitely as having mildCOVID-19.One doctor and one nurse were suspected of COVID-19. Since the COVID-19 infections in medical staff occurred all before the preventive and control measures for COVID-19 had been implemented,is was not ruled out that their infections might have come from communities. Conclusions It is particularly important for medical institutions of all levels to maintain safe and effective routine services while doing well in COVID-19 prevention. In the epidemic of COVID-19, front-line medical staff in emergency traumatic orthopedics is faced with great challenges in the process of diagnosing and treating patients. High-quality and safe medical services can be provided as long as nosocomial COVID-19infection is effectively controlled by rigid screening of patientsnewly admitted, classified management of inpatients, optimal management of inpatient wards, standard preventive measures in perioperative period, a perfect system for medical protection, and medical education for patients and their carers.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 22
IS  - 2
PG  - E004-E004
SP  - E004
EP  - E004
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Current status and progress of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - YANG, Xinying
AU  - MIAO, Congliang
AU  - JIN, Mengdi
AU  - ZHOU, Dandan
AU  - ZHUANG, Jinqiang
AU  - HONG, Jiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Recently, the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) pneumonia outbroke in Wuhan and rapidly spread to all over China and even the world. Because of the strong infectivity and various clinical symptoms, it has brought certain difficulties to the epidemic prevention and control. Currently there is no specific drug for 2019-nCoV. Previous drugs used to treat other coronaviruses may be effective, but further clinical trials remain needed. We reviewed literature on the epidemiology, etiology, clinical manifestations, imaging manifestations, laboratory examination, diagnosis, complications, treatment and outcome of 2019-nCoV pneumonia.
JO  - Chinese Critical Care Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 32
IS  - 2
PG  - E006-E006
SP  - E006
EP  - E006
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical characteristics and imaging manifestations of the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19):A multi-center study in Wenzhou city, Zhejiang, China
AU  - Yang, Wenjie
AU  - Cao, Qiqi
AU  - Qin, Le
AU  - Wang, Xiaoyang
AU  - Cheng, Zenghui
AU  - Pan, Ashan
AU  - Dai, Jianyi
AU  - Sun, Qingfeng
AU  - Zhao, Fengquan
AU  - Qu, Jieming
AU  - Yan, Fuhua
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background Little is known about COVID-19 outside Hubei. The aim of this paper was to describe the clinical characteristics and imaging manifestations of hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection in Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China. Methods In this retrospective cohort study, 149 RT-PCR confirmed positive patients were consecutively enrolled from January 17th to February 10th, 2020 in three tertiary hospitals of Wenzhou. Outcomes were followed up until Feb 15th, 2020. Findings A total of 85 patients had Hubei travel/residence history, while another 49 had contact with people from Hubei and 15 had no traceable exposure history to Hubei. Fever, cough and expectoration were the most common symptoms, 14 patients had decreased oxygen saturation, 33 had leukopenia, 53 had lymphopenia, and 82 had elevated C reactive protein. On chest computed tomography, lung segments 6 and 10 were mostly involved. A total of 287 segments presented ground glass opacity, 637 presented mixed opacity and 170 presented consolidation. Lesions were more localized in the peripheral lung with a patchy form. No significant difference was found between patients with or without Hubei exposure history. Seventeen patients had normal CT on admission of these, 12 had negative findings even10 days later. Interpretation Most patients presented with a mild infection in our study. The imaging pattern of multifocal peripheral ground glass or mixed opacity with predominance in the lower lung is highly suspicious of COVID-19 in the first week of disease onset. Nevetheless, some patients can present with a normal chest finding despite testing positive for COVID-19. Funding: We did not receive any fundings.
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.02.016
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0163445320300992
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Early clinical manifestations and pulmonary imaging analysis of patients with Novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - YANG, Tao
AU  - YU, Xiaona
AU  - HE, Xingxing
AU  - ZHOU, Wei
AU  - FU, Yifu
AU  - FENG, QiMing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To investigate the early clinical characteristics and radiographic changes in confirmed Novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) and excluded NCP patients. Methods Twenty-four patients with suspected NCP admitted to Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People&rsquo;s Hospital and Jinshan Branch Hospital between January and February, 2020 were chosen as our research subjects. Early clinical features and radiographic changes were analyzed in 10 patients of confirmed NCP and 14 patients of excluded NCP. Results In the early stage, all 24 suspected patients were mild, and had normal blood gas analysis. Of 10 diagnosed patients, 50% were male. All the 10 patients had fever and fatigue, with body temperature between 37.5&#8451; and 38.5&#8451;. Only 1 patient had dry cough. 2 patients had no clear epidemiological exposure history, the other 8 had a clear epidemiological exposure, with a possible incubation period of 1-10 days. From CT imaging, lesions were characterized as ground glass shadow ( n =9), which could be unilateral ( n =1) or bilateral ( n =9), and were mainly close to the pleura ( n =9), with nodule shadow ( n =1) and without focal necrosis, and could combined with pleural effusion ( n =1. Among patients excluded NCP, all 14 patients had a clear history of epidemic exposure, with an onset time of 1 to 13 days. 12 patients had fever , including 4 with temperature &gt; 38.5&deg;C, 8 with temperature 37.3-38.5&deg;C, and 2 without fever. All patients had fatigue , 7 patients had dry cough and 2 patients had chest pain. From CT imaging, ground glass shadow appeared in 4 patients , lesions were unilateral in 10 patients and bilateral in 4 patients , and the lesions were relatively sporadic, without necrosis or pleural effusion. Conclusion 1&#65294;Not all patients with NCP have a direct history of epidemiology exposure, some patients may be infected unknowingly. 2. According to CT imaging, NCP seems to have no special manifestations different from other viral pneumonia. 3. NCP is more common among middle-aged people.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 29
IS  - 0
PG  - E005-E005
SP  - E005
EP  - E005
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - CT features of 2019-novel coronovirus pneumonia: SARS and MERS literature review and analysis of CT features of two confirmed 2019-novel coronavirus pneumonia cases
AU  - YANG, Changwei
AU  - FAN, Chenghui
AU  - CHENG, Ailan
AU  - LIU, Jing
AU  - ZHU, Chongwen
AU  - HU, Bo
AU  - WANG, Rongfang
AU  - QU, Lihong
AU  - CHU, Shuguang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To analyze the CT manifestations of the 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) combined with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) literature review, and to summarize the characteristics of CT imaging, so as to improve the ability of rapid and accurate diagnosis. Methods CT manifestations of two confirmed cases of NCP were reported, meanwhile the literatures on SARS and MERS imaging performance were reviewed and summarized. Results The two cases of NCP were both in acute stage, the CT imaging showed multiple and scattered ground-glass opacity (GGO) in both lungs, which is similar to the CT performance of SARS and MERS in acute stage. Conclusions The CT features of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia are similar to SARS and MERS. It has certain characteristics and changes rapidly with the course of the disease. In the acute stage, GGO and paving stone sign were the main manifestations. In the acute phase, GGO and crazy paving are the main manifestations. In the progress stage, the interlobular septal thickening and consolidation appeared. During the absorption period, the lesions disappeared or fibrosis was left behind, with lung structure distortion and bronchiectasis. Lymphadenopathy and hydrothorax were rare.
JO  - Chinese Critical Care Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 32
IS  - 2
PG  - E007-E007
SP  - E007
EP  - E007
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Functional Cell Receptors for Human Coronavirus
AU  - YAN, Li
AU  - XIANG, Jie
AU  - CUI, Tianpen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Viruses infect host cells by binding to receptors on thesurface of cells. Receptor is an important factor affecting host range and interspecific transmission. In December 2019, an outbreak of unexplained pneumonia occurred in Wuhan, Hubei province. The pathogen was a new coronavirus, named 2019 NovelCoronavirus (2019-nCoV) by WHO. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) was found to be the receptor of 2019-nCoV.This review provides a brief overview of human coronavirus receptors and their applications, with a view to providing references for the tracing, cross-species transmission, epidemiological analysis and antiviral and vaccine studies of 2019-nCoV.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Laboratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 0
PG  - E005-E005
SP  - E005
EP  - E005
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) and 2019-nCoV pneumonia
AU  - YAN, Jie
AU  - LI, Mingyuan
AU  - SUN, Aihua
AU  - PENG, Yihong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In the middle of December in 2019, a pneumonia outbreak caused by a new coronavirus, 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), emerged in the populations in Wuhan city of China. The epidemic spreads rapidly and has been disseminated throughout the country and to 13 other counties in Asia, Europe, Oceania and North America. To accurately and deeply understand the biological characteristics, epidemiological features and pathogenicity of 2019-nCoV and related immunological characteristics, microbiological examinations and public protection measure, this study reviewed 2019-nCoV and 2019-nCoV pneumonia based on the newest relevant literatures and the newest version of National Diagnosis and Treatment Scheme of 2019-nCoV pneumonia.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Microbiology and Immunology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 40
IS  - 0
PG  - E001-E001
SP  - E001
EP  - E001
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Genetic diversity and potential recombination between ferret coronaviruses from European and American lineages
AU  - Xu, Yifei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 80
IS  - 3
PG  - 350-371
SP  - 350
EP  - 371
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.01.016
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0163445320300542
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical analysis of 23 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus infection in Xinyang City, Henan Province
AU  - XU, Ming
AU  - LI, Mengdie
AU  - ZHAN, Weiqiang
AU  - HAN, Tao
AU  - LIU, Litao
AU  - ZHANG, Guosheng
AU  - LU, Yibin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and clinical features of the patients with 2019-nCoV infection, so as to provide basis for clinical diagnosis. Methods The epidemiology, clinical symptoms, laboratory and radiologic data of 23 patients with 2019-nCoV infection admitted to the Fifth People's Hospital of Xinyang City from January 22,2020 to January 29, 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Results The 23 patients with 2019 nCov infection consisted of 15 men and 8 women, and the median age was 46.0 (40.5, 52.0) years (27-80 years); 9 of them had basic disease (39%), including hypertension (17%), cardiovascular diseases (17%), diabetes (9%), hypothyroidism (4%) and old tuberculosis (4%). All the 23 patients had contact history in Wuhan area or with confirmed infections. Clinical symptoms included: fever (100%), cough (70%), expectoration (43%), myalgia (26%), headache (17%) and dyspnea (17%), and the less common symptoms were diarrhea (4.3%). Blood routine test: white blood cells (WBC) &lt; 4&times;10 9 /L in 11 cases (48%), (4-10)&times;10 9 /L in 10 cases (43%), &gt;10 &times; 109/L in 2 cases (9%); lymphocytopenia in 13 cases (56%). All 23 patients had different degrees of infective lesions in chest CT examination, with 9 cases (39%) on one side and 14 cases (61%) on both sides. Classification: 19 mild cases, 4 severe cases, no critical or death case. Complications included acute respiratory distress syndrome [4 (17%)]. No case was reported with the damage of liver or kidney function and with secondary infection. Conclusions Epidemic history of contact, fever, pneumonia signs of chest CT, normal or decreased count of WBC and lymphocytopenia are the clinical basis for diagnosis of the disease. However, at present, the treatment of patients has not been completed, the effective treatment strategy and final prognosis are not clear.
JO  - Chinese Critical Care Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 32
IS  - 2
PG  - E010-E010
SP  - E010
EP  - E010
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Advices on the prevention and control of nosocomial infection of novel coronavirus within children’s hospitals
AU  - XU, Hongzhen
AU  - CHEN, Shuohui
AU  - FU, Junfen
AU  - SHU, Qiang
AU  - CHEN, Zhimin
AU  - SUN, Wei
AU  - WANG, Dan
AU  - ZHU, Haihong
AU  - ZHOU, Hongqin
AU  - HUANG, Guolan
AU  - FU, Zangzang
AU  - ZHAO, Hangyan
AU  - WANG, Bin
AU  - WU, Xiaoqing
AU  - LIANG, Yuqin
AU  - HUANG, Yufen
AU  - GU, Meihong
AU  - WANG, Wei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The pneumonia caused by the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), which began in December 2019, has become the most serious public health problem, threatening people's health and life. This threat is posing a severe challenge on the diagnosis and treatment of 2019-nCoV infection, the prevention and control of hospital cross infection of medical staff. It is suggested that in addition to strengthening the organization and leadership of the abovementioned work, establishing and improving the prevention and control mechanism deserve greater attention. Furthermore, special attention should be given to the safety of the medical staff, strengthening their infection monitoring and outbreak management. Medical staff in different work areas and positions should be placed under careful protection, cleaning and disinfection measures. The protection during specimen collection, transportation and medical waste management should also be prioritized. This paper also put forward management suggestions for the outpatient department, isolation ward and other key departments. These measures are proposed to provide a guidance for the prevention and control of 2019-nCoV nosocomial infection in the pediatric outpatient and ward.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Hospital Administration
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 36
IS  - 0
PG  - E001-E001
SP  - E001
EP  - E001
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - EuNPs-mAb fluorescent probe based immunochromatographic strip for rapid and sensitive detection of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus
AU  - Xu, Fei
AU  - Jin, Zhiyuan
AU  - Zou, Siyi
AU  - Chen, Chaoqun
AU  - Song, Qifang
AU  - Deng, Shengchao
AU  - Xiao, Wei
AU  - Zhang, Xiaoli
AU  - Jia, Aiqing
AU  - Tang, Yong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED), induced by porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) causes acute diarrhea, vomiting, dehydration and high mortality in neonatal piglets, resulting in significant economic losses in the pig industries. In this study, an immunochromatographic assay (ICA) based on a EuNPs-mAb fluorescent probe was developed and optimized for rapid detection of PEDV. The limit of detection (LOD) of the ICA was 0.218 μg/mL (2.725 × 103 TCID50/mL) and its linear detection range was 0.03125–8 μg/mL (3.91 × 102-105 TCID50/mL). The ICA was also validated for the detection of PEDV in swine stool samples. 60 swine stool samples from southern China were analyzed by the ICA and RT-PCR, and the results showed that the coincidence rate of the ICA to RT-PCR was 86.67%, which was significantly higher than that of AuNPs based ICA. The ICA is sensitive and specific and can achieve on-site rapid detection of swine stool samples. Therefore, the ICA has a great potential for PED diagnosis and prevention.
JO  - Talanta
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 120865
SP  - 120865
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2020.120865
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0039914020301569
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Difficulties and strategies of public hospitals in their participation in the prevention and control of novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - XU, Dong
AU  - HU, Yu
AU  - DING, Ning
AU  - XIA, Jiahong
AU  - ZHANG, Yidan
AU  - WEI, Li
AU  - ZHANG, Ming
AU  - WAN, Jie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Outbreak of the novel coronavirus pneumonia (NC) across the country has seriously threatened people's lives and health, endangering smooth operation of the national economy and social stability. An all-out campaign to save the NCP patients and reduce their mortality is not only one of the key tasks to fight against the epidemic, but also a major responsibility and mission of public hospitals. In view of the field practice of Wuhan Union Hospital in the epicenter, the authors Described the challenges faced by such hospitals in the prevention and control, summarized its experiences and proposed improvement measures, for reference of other public hospitals and relevant authorities.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Hospital Administration
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 36
IS  - 0
PG  - E007-E007
SP  - E007
EP  - E007
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The management of biosafety risk in clinical laboratory of hospital during the outbreak of 2019 Novel Coronavirus disease
AU  - XIAO, Yuling
AU  - LU, Xiaojun
AU  - KANG, Mei
AU  - LI, Dongdong
AU  - JIANG, Hong
AU  - CHEN, Jie
AU  - YING, Binwu
AU  - XIE, Yi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - During the outbreak of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), the clinical laboratories of hospitals designated for the disease treatment is undertaking a lot of clinical testing work of infectious specimens. How to manage the biosafety risk is a major problem that the clinical laboratory and the nosocomial infection control department are facing. This article introduces the hierarchical prevention and control biosafety measures in the clinical laboratory from the perspective of the laboratory, with a view to provide reasonable and feasible methods for the clinical laboratories of hospitals at various levels during the outbreak.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Laboratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 0
PG  - E010-E010
SP  - E010
EP  - E010
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Evaluation of coronavirus in tears and conjunctival secretions of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection
AU  - Xia, Jianhua
AU  - Tong, Jianping
AU  - Liu, Mengyun
AU  - Shen, Ye
AU  - Guo, Dongyu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the presence of novel coronavirus in tears and conjunctival secretions of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. METHODS: A prospective interventional case series study was performed, and 30 confirmed novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) patients were selected at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University from January 26, 2020 to February 9, 2020. At an interval of 2-3 days, tear and conjunctival secretions were collected twice with disposable sampling swabs for reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay. RESULTS: 21 common type and 9 severe type NCP patients were enrolled. Two samples of tear and conjunctival secretions were obtained from the only one patient with conjunctivitis yielded positive RT-PCR results. 58 samples from other patents were all negative. CONCLUSION: We speculate that SARS-CoV-2 may be detected in the tears and conjunctival secretions in NCP patients with conjunctivitis. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - J Med Virol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1002/jmv.25725
SP  - 10.1002/jmv.25725
EP  - 
AN  - 32100876
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25725
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32100876
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Understanding the Influence Factors in Viral Nucleic Acid Test of 2019 novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV)
AU  - XI, Mo
AU  - WEI, Qin
AU  - QIHUA, Fu
AU  - MING, Guan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - At present, the prevention and control of new coronavirus has entered a critical period. However, the use of quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) assays for the detection of viral nucleic acid, as a crucial diagnostic approach, has been doubted in clinical practice. Herein, we have reviewed the current status of epidemic prevention and control, latest development of detection technologies, disease characteristics, clinical sampling and transport. We have also discussed the factors that may affect the performance of viral nucleic acid detection, and suggested some effective methods to improve the detection performance of the assays.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Laboratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 0
PG  - E002-E002
SP  - E002
EP  - E002
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Materialism and dialectics of epidemic prevention and control: only by respecting science can we get twice the result with half the effort
AU  - WU, Xiukun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The epidemic caused by 2019 novel coronavirus has been highly concerned by the international community including World Health Organization (WHO). This is an endless battle against human life and health. Never forget the past, the teacher of the future. When you think hard, draw inferences from one instance. Many phenomena and problems in the work of epidemic prevention, control and treatment are worthy of our deep reflection. We should use scientific thinking and dialectical materialism to make a practical and realistic summary. The purpose is to win the battle as soon as possible, and more importantly, to avoid repeating the same mistakes and prevent trouble before it happens.
JO  - Chinese Critical Care Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 32
IS  - 1
PG  - 3-4
SP  - 3
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical research progresss of antiviral drugs for the novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - WU, Weigang
AU  - YANG, Guilin
AU  - ZENG, Xiaobin
AU  - WU, Shipin
AU  - ZHOU, Boping
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV or SARS-CoV-2) is a highly contagious and deadly virus that has infected more than 50 000 people and killed more than 1 000 people in 25 countries around the world. People who infected by the novel coronavirus may suffer from fever and cough, some may gradually appear breathing difficulties and other serious manifestations, some severe patients may have acute respiratory distress syndrome and septic shock leading to death. However, there are no definite and effective antiviral drugs for the novel coronavirus pneumonia all around the world. Therefore, this article aims to provide new idea for the effective treatment of the novel coronavirus pneumonia by summarizing the basic research and clinical progress of antiviral drugs at home and abroad.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 34
IS  - 0
PG  - E001-E001
SP  - E001
EP  - E001
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Analysis of therapeutic targets for SARS-CoV-2 and discovery of potential drugs by computational methods
AU  - Wu, Canrong
AU  - Liu, Yang
AU  - Yang, Yueying
AU  - Zhang, Peng
AU  - Zhong, Wu
AU  - Wang, Yali
AU  - Wang, Qiqi
AU  - Xu, Yang
AU  - Li, Mingxue
AU  - Li, Xingzhou
AU  - Zheng, Mengzhu
AU  - Chen, Lixia
AU  - Li, Hua
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - SARS-CoV-2 has caused tens of thousands of infections and more than one thousand deaths. There are currently no registered therapies for treating coronavirus infections. Because of time consuming process of new drug development, drug repositioning may be the only solution to the epidemic of sudden infectious diseases. We systematically analyzed all the proteins encoded by SARS-CoV-2 genes, compared them with proteins from other coronaviruses, predicted their structures, and built 19 structures that could be done by homology modeling. By performing target-based virtual ligand screening, a total of 21 targets (including two human targets) were screened against compound libraries including ZINC drug database and our own database of natural products. Structure and screening results of important targets such as 3-chymotrypsin-like protease (3CLpro), Spike, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), and papain like protease (PLpro) were discussed in detail. In addition, a database of 78 commonly used anti-viral drugs including those currently on the market and undergoing clinical trials for SARS-CoV-2 was constructed. Possible targets of these compounds and potential drugs acting on a certain target were predicted. This study will provide new lead compounds and targets for further in vitro and in vivo studies of SARS-CoV-2, new insights for those drugs currently ongoing clinical studies, and also possible new strategies for drug repositioning to treat SARS-CoV-2 infections.
JO  - Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsb.2020.02.008
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211383520302999
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pneumonia: Serial Computed Tomography Findings
AU  - Wei, Jiangping
AU  - Xu, Huaxiang
AU  - Xiong, Jingliang
AU  - Shen, Qinglin
AU  - Fan, Bing
AU  - Ye, Chenglong
AU  - Dong, Wentao
AU  - Hu, Fangfang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - From December 2019, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia (formerly known as the 2019 novel Coronavirus [2019-nCoV]) broke out in Wuhan, China. In this study, we present serial CT findings in a 40-year-old female patient with COVID-19 pneumonia who presented with the symptoms of fever, chest tightness, and fatigue. She was diagnosed with COVID-19 infection confirmed by real-time reverse-transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. CT showed rapidly progressing peripheral consolidations and ground-glass opacities in both lungs. After treatment, the lesions were shown to be almost absorbed leaving the fibrous lesions.
JO  - Korean J Radiol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.3348/kjr.2020.0112
SP  - 10.3348/kjr.2020.0112
EP  - 
AN  - 32100486
DO  - 10.3348/kjr.2020.0112
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32100486
NS  - 
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Updated understanding of the outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019‐nCoV) in Wuhan, China
AU  - Wang, Weier
AU  - Tang, Jianming
AU  - Wei, Fangqiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - o help health workers and the public recognize and deal with the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019‐nCoV) quickly, effectively, and calmly with an updated understanding. A comprehensive search from Chinese and worldwide official websites and announcements was performed between 1 December 2019 and 9:30 am 26 January 2020 (Beijing time). A latest summary of 2019‐nCoV and the current outbreak was drawn. Up to 24 pm, 25 January 2020, a total of 1975 cases of 2019‐nCoV infection were confirmed in mainland China with a total of 56 deaths having occurred. The latest mortality was approximately 2.84% with a total of 2684 cases still suspected. The China National Health Commission reported the details of the first 17 deaths up to 24 pm, 22 January 2020. The deaths included 13 males and 4 females. The median age of the people who died was 75 (range 48‐89) years. Fever (64.7%) and cough (52.9%) were the most common first symptoms among those who died. The median number of days from the occurence of the first symptom to death was 14.0 (range 6‐41) days, and it tended to be shorter among people aged 70 years or more (11.5 [range 6‐19] days) than those aged less than 70 years (20 [range 10‐41] days; P = .033). The 2019‐nCoV infection is spreading and its incidence is increasing nationwide. The first deaths occurred mostly in elderly people, among whom the disease might progress faster. The public should still be cautious in dealing with the virus and pay more attention to protecting the elderly people from the virus.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 92
IS  - 4
PG  - 441-447
SP  - 441
EP  - 447
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25689
UR  - https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/bpl/jmv/2020/00000092/00000004/art00008 https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25689
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Analysis of clinical features of 153 patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia in Chongqing
AU  - WAN, Qiu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To analyze the clinical data of 153 patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) in chongqing ,and provide reference and thinking for the diagnosis and treatment. Methods Analyze the clinical data, laboratory examination and chest imaging characteristics of 153 COVID-19 patients in Chongqing Public Health Medical Center from January 26 to February 5, 2020. According to the relevant diagnostic criteria ,patients were divided into non-severe group(n=132) and severe group(n=21),and analyze the correlation between serum index changes and disease severity. Results Combined with diabetes and chronic respiratory diseases, the severity of the disease was statistically significant ( &chi; 2 =11.04&#21644;6.94, P &lt;0.05). No symptoms were found in patients with mild illness ( &chi; 2 =4.09, P &lt;0.05) .The proportion of fever and muscle soreness in the severe group was higher than that in the non-severe group ( &chi; 2 =4.40 and 22.67, P &lt;0.05).Among the concomitant symptoms, the proportion of cough and shortness of breath in the severe group was higher than that in the non-severe group ( &chi; 2 =8.46 and 4.80, P &lt;0.05).C-reactive protein and d-dimer were higher in the severe group than in the non-severe group ( t =43.44 and 37.13, P &lt;0.05), and the number of CD 3 + T lymphocyte cells, CD 4 + T lymphocyte cells and CD 8 + T lymphocyte cells in the severe group was lower than that in the non-severe group (Z=27.25, 20.60 and 17.36, P &lt;0.05).Compared with the non-severe group, both lungs and the right lung lower lobe were more susceptible to involved ( &chi; 2 =6.95&#21644;20.39, P &lt;0.05) . Conclusion Severity of COVID-19 was associated with underlying disease, symptoms, site of involvement, C-reactive protein, d-dimer, CD 3 + T lymphocyte count, CD 4 + T lymphocyte count, and CD 8 + T lymphocyte count.&nbsp;
JO  - Chinese Journal of Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 13
IS  - 0
PG  - E008-E008
SP  - E008
EP  - E008
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Two clinical cases of Novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) in renal transplant recipients
AU  - TU, Yafang
AU  - WU, Xiongfei
AU  - LIU, Feng
AU  - WANG, Juan
AU  - LUO, Yu
AU  - CAI, Zhitao
AU  - CHEN, Rengui
AU  - LIAO, Wenliang
AU  - LIU, Na
AU  - HUANG, Jin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To explore the clinical features, diagnosis and prognosis of renal transplant recipients with NCP. Method The clinical data of 2 cases of kidney transplant recipients with NCP were retrospectively analyzed. Based onclinical manifestations, blood routine, inflammatory factors, cell immunity, chest CT andtherapeutic effects, the diagnosis and treatment of NCP in kidney transplant recipients (5th edition) were compared to that ofordinary NCP patients. Both recipients developed onset of low andmoderate fever, with no cough or fatigue at the initial stage. Blood routine indicated a normal range of leukocytes,buta significant decrease in lymphocyte counts, increased C-reactive protein (CRP) , and slightly higher procalcitonin (PCT) . The cellular immunity was extremely low, and the chest CT showed multiple patchy ground glass shadows in both lungs. Result After 1 week of onset, both patients had significant disease progression. The pathogenesis and imaging changes were highly similar tothatreported in ordinary NCP patients.Two patients were givensymptomatic supportive treatment by antiviral agents, stop uses ofimmunosuppression agents, small amount of hormone maintenance, intravenous drip of gamma globulin andrespiratory support toavoid secondary infections. At present, the condition of both patients is obviously improved, and renal function is stable. One of them has recovered and was discharged. Conclusion The clinical manifestations of NCP in renal transplant recipients were generally consistent with that of ordinary NCP patients. Although there is no established method for the treatment of NCP, it is effective by stopping uses of immunosuppressive agents, maintaining small and medium doses of hormones, actively restoring immunity, and providing respiratory support in a timely manner.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Organ Transplantation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 0
PG  - E005-E005
SP  - E005
EP  - E005
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Proposal for detection of 2019-nCoV nucleic acid in clinical laboratories
AU  - TONG, Yongqing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December, the outbreak of a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in Wuhan, China, has attracted extensive global attention. On January 20, 2020,the Chinese health authorities upgraded the coronavirus to a Class B infectious disease in the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Diseases , and considered it as Class A infectious diseases in disease control and prevention. On January 22, 2020, the 2019-nCoV nucleic acid detection test was listed as the diagnostic criteria in the 'guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of pneumonia due to 2019-nCoV (Trial Version 2)' . Therefore, standardizing the operation process of the 2019-nCoV nucleic acid detection in clinical laboratories has become a top priority. It is of paramount importance to establish standard protocols for detection of the 2019-nCoV nucleic acids in clinical laboratories to improve the reliability of the results and ensure the biosafety of laboratory personnel.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Laboratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 0
PG  - E003-E003
SP  - E003
EP  - E003
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Characteristics of COVID-19 infection in Beijing
AU  - Tian, Sijia
AU  - Hu, Nan
AU  - Lou, Jing
AU  - Chen, Kun
AU  - Kang, Xuqin
AU  - Xiang, Zhenjun
AU  - Chen, Hui
AU  - Wang, Dali
AU  - Liu, Ning
AU  - Liu, Dong
AU  - Chen, Gang
AU  - Zhang, Yongliang
AU  - Li, Dou
AU  - Li, Jianren
AU  - Lian, Huixin
AU  - Niu, Shengmei
AU  - Zhang, Luxi
AU  - Zhang, Jinjun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background : Since the first case of a novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infection pneumonia was detected in Wuhan, China, a series of confirmed cases of the COVID-19 were found in Beijing. We analyzed the data of 262 confirmed cases to determine the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 in Beijing. Methods : We collected patients who were transferred by Beijing Emergency Medical Sevice to the designated hospitals. The information on demographic, epidemiological, clinical, laboratory test for the COVID-19 virus, diagnostic classification, cluster case and outcome were obtained. Furthermore we compared the characteristics between severe and common confirmed cases which including mild cases, no-pneumonia cases and asymptomatic cases, and we also compared the features between COVID-19 and 2003 SARS. Findings : By Feb 10, 2020, 262 patients were transferred from the hospitals across Beijing to the designated hospitals for special treatment of the COVID-19 infected by Beijing emergency medical service. Among of 262 patients, 46 (17.6%) were severe cases, 216 (82.4%) were common cases, which including 192 (73.3%) mild cases, 11(4.2%) non-pneumonia cases and 13 (5.0%) asymptomatic cases respectively. The median age of patients was 47.5 years old and 48.5% were male. 192 (73.3%) patients were residents of Beijing, 50 (26.0%) of which had been to Wuhan, 116 (60.4%) had close contact with confirmed cases, 21 (10.9%) had no contact history. The most common symptoms at the onset of illness were fever (82.1%), cough (45.8%), fatigue (26.3%), dyspnea (6.9%) and headache (6.5%). The median incubation period was 6.7 days, the interval time from between illness onset and seeing a doctor was 4.5 days. As of Feb 10, 17.2% patients have discharged and 81.7% patients remain in hospital in our study, the fatality of COVID-19 infection in Beijing was 0.9%. Interpretation : On the basis of this study, we provided the ratio of the COVID-19 infection on the severe cases to the mild, asymptomatic and non-pneumonia cases in Beijing. Population was generally susceptible, and with a relatively low fatality rate. The measures to prevent transmission was very successful at early stage, the next steps on the COVID-19 infection should be focused on early isolation of patients and quarantine for close contacts in families and communities in Beijing. Funding Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission and Ministry of Science and Technology.
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.02.018
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0163445320301018
NS  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - How to conduct clinical research on anesthesiology during epidemic of the novel coronavirus pneumonia: recommendations from the epidemiological perspective
AU  - PENG, Xiaoxia
AU  - LI, Nan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - During the outbreak and epidemic of novel coronavirus pneumonia, anesthesiologists are not only the high-risk group of secondary infection, but also undertake tasks to initiate clinical research so that the regular pattern of disease could be summarized, which will product clinical evidences for clinical decision-making and optimization of anesthesia therapy as soon as possible. The clinical research evidences of anaesthesia are of great importance for improving the prevention and control strategy of infectious diseases and implementing relevant measures effectively. The recommendations from the epidemiological perspective are provided on how to conduct clinical research on anesthesiology during epidemic of the novel coronavirus pneumonia in the present paper: (1) The case report and case series research should be initiated promptly once the infectious cases treated in anesthesia department are diagnosed; (2) To focus on need of evidence of decision-making of diagnosis and treatment, to summarize general rules timely and to promote the rapidly production of evidence; (3) To establish a special cohort of novel coronavirus pneumonia so that more prognosis studies could be carried out; (4) To explore the risk factors which result in hospital infection among medical staffs so that hospital infection could be controlled. The purpose of this study is to provide clinicians with methodological suggestions on how to carry out high-quality clinical research in the epidemic period of infectious diseases, and to close the gap between clinical and public health.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Anesthesiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 40
IS  - 0
PG  - E004-E004
SP  - E004
EP  - E004
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Potential Rapid Diagnostics, Vaccine and Therapeutics for 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV): A Systematic Review
AU  - Pang, Junxiong
AU  - Wang, Min Xian
AU  - Ang, Ian Yi Han
AU  - Tan, Sharon Hui Xuan
AU  - Lewis, Ruth Frances
AU  - Chen, Jacinta I. Pei
AU  - Gutierrez, Ramona A.
AU  - Gwee, Sylvia Xiao Wei
AU  - Chua, Pearleen Ee Yong
AU  - Yang, Qian
AU  - Ng, Xian Yi
AU  - Yap, Rowena K. S.
AU  - Tan, Hao Yi
AU  - Teo, Yik Ying
AU  - Tan, Chorh Chuan
AU  - Cook, Alex R.
AU  - Yap, Jason Chin-Huat
AU  - Hsu, Li Yang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Rapid diagnostics, vaccines and therapeutics are important interventions for the management of the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak. It is timely to systematically review the potential of these interventions, including those for Middle East respiratory syndrome-Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV, to guide policymakers globally on their prioritization of resources for research and development. A systematic search was carried out in three major electronic databases (PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library) to identify published studies in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Supplementary strategies through Google Search and personal communications were used. A total of 27 studies fulfilled the criteria for review. Several laboratory protocols for confirmation of suspected 2019-nCoV cases using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) have been published. A commercial RT-PCR kit developed by the Beijing Genomic Institute is currently widely used in China and likely in Asia. However, serological assays as well as point-of-care testing kits have not been developed but are likely in the near future. Several vaccine candidates are in the pipeline. The likely earliest Phase 1 vaccine trial is a synthetic DNA-based candidate. A number of novel compounds as well as therapeutics licensed for other conditions appear to have in vitro efficacy against the 2019-nCoV. Some are being tested in clinical trials against MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV, while others have been listed for clinical trials against 2019-nCoV. However, there are currently no effective specific antivirals or drug combinations supported by high-level evidence.
JO  - Journal of Clinical Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 3
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/jcm9030623
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Comparison of broad-spectrum antiviral activities of the synthetic rocaglate CR-31-B (−) and the eIF4A-inhibitor Silvestrol
AU  - Müller, Christin
AU  - Obermann, Wiebke
AU  - Schulte, Falk W.
AU  - Lange-Grünweller, Kerstin
AU  - Oestereich, Lisa
AU  - Elgner, Fabian
AU  - Glitscher, Mirco
AU  - Hildt, Eberhard
AU  - Singh, Kamini
AU  - Wendel, Hans-Guido
AU  - Hartmann, Roland K.
AU  - Ziebuhr, John
AU  - Grünweller, Arnold
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Rocaglates, a class of natural compounds isolated from plants of the genus Aglaia, are potent inhibitors of translation initiation. They are proposed to form stacking interactions with polypurine sequences in the 5′-untranslated region (UTR) of selected mRNAs, thereby clamping the RNA substrate onto eIF4A and causing inhibition of the translation initiation complex. Since virus replication relies on the host translation machinery, it is not surprising that the rocaglate Silvestrol has broad-spectrum antiviral activity. Unfortunately, synthesis of Silvestrol is sophisticated and time-consuming, thus hampering the prospects for further antiviral drug development. Here, we present the less complex structured synthetic rocaglate CR-31-B (−) as a novel compound with potent broad-spectrum antiviral activity in primary cells and in an ex vivo bronchial epithelial cell system. CR-31-B (−) inhibited the replication of corona-, Zika-, Lassa-, Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever viruses and, to a lesser extent, hepatitis E virus (HEV) at non-cytotoxic low nanomolar concentrations. Since HEV has a polypurine-free 5′-UTR that folds into a stable hairpin structure, we hypothesized that RNA clamping by Silvestrol and its derivatives may also occur in a polypurine-independent but structure-dependent manner. Interestingly, the HEV 5′-UTR conferred sensitivity towards Silvestrol but not to CR-31-B (−). However, if an exposed polypurine stretch was introduced into the HEV 5′-UTR, CR-31-B (−) became an active inhibitor comparable to Silvestrol. Moreover, thermodynamic destabilization of the HEV 5′-UTR led to reduced translational inhibition by Silvestrol, suggesting differences between rocaglates in their mode of action, most probably by engaging Silvestrol's additional dioxane moiety.
JO  - Antiviral Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 175
IS  - 
PG  - 104706
SP  - 104706
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.antiviral.2020.104706
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166354219305480
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Escaping Pandora's Box - Another Novel Coronavirus
AU  - Morens, David M.
AU  - Daszak, Peter
AU  - Taubenberger, Jeffery K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - N Engl J Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1056/NEJMp2002106
SP  - 10.1056/NEJMp2002106
EP  - 
AN  - 32101660
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMp2002106
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32101660
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Trypsin Treatment Unlocks Barrier for Zoonotic Bat Coronavirus Infection
AU  - Menachery, Vineet D.
AU  - Dinnon, Kenneth H.
AU  - Yount, Boyd L.
AU  - McAnarney, Eileen T.
AU  - Gralinski, Lisa E.
AU  - Hale, Andrew
AU  - Graham, Rachel L.
AU  - Scobey, Trevor
AU  - Anthony, Simon J.
AU  - Wang, Lingshu
AU  - Graham, Barney
AU  - Randell, Scott H.
AU  - Lipkin, W. Ian
AU  - Baric, Ralph S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Traditionally, the emergence of coronaviruses (CoVs) has been attributed to a gain in receptor binding in a new host. Our previous work with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-like viruses argued that bats already harbor CoVs with the ability to infect humans without adaptation. These results suggested that additional barriers limit the emergence of zoonotic CoV. In this work, we describe overcoming host restriction of two Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)-like bat CoVs using exogenous protease treatment. We found that the spike protein of PDF2180-CoV, a MERS-like virus found in a Ugandan bat, could mediate infection of Vero and human cells in the presence of exogenous trypsin. We subsequently show that the bat virus spike can mediate the infection of human gut cells but is unable to infect human lung cells. Using receptor-blocking antibodies, we show that infection with the PDF2180 spike does not require MERS-CoV receptor DPP4 and antibodies developed against the MERS spike receptor-binding domain and S2 portion are ineffective in neutralizing the PDF2180 chimera. Finally, we found that the addition of exogenous trypsin also rescues HKU5-CoV, a second bat group 2c CoV. Together, these results indicate that proteolytic cleavage of the spike, not receptor binding, is the primary infection barrier for these two group 2c CoVs. Coupled with receptor binding, proteolytic activation offers a new parameter to evaluate the emergence potential of bat CoVs and offers a means to recover previously unrecoverable zoonotic CoV strains.IMPORTANCE Overall, our studies demonstrate that proteolytic cleavage is the primary barrier to infection for a subset of zoonotic coronaviruses. Moving forward, the results argue that both receptor binding and proteolytic cleavage of the spike are critical factors that must be considered for evaluating the emergence potential and risk posed by zoonotic coronaviruses. In addition, the findings also offer a novel means to recover previously uncultivable zoonotic coronavirus strains and argue that other tissues, including the digestive tract, could be a site for future coronavirus emergence events in humans.
JO  - Journal of Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 94
IS  - 5
PG  - e01774-19
SP  - e01774
EP  - 19
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1128/JVI.01774-19
UR  - http://jvi.asm.org/content/94/5/e01774-19.abstract
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - High resolution CT features of novel coronavirus pneumonia in children
AU  - MA, Huijing
AU  - SHAO, Jianbo
AU  - WANG, Yongjiao
AU  - ZHAI, Aiguo
AU  - ZHENG, Nannan
AU  - LI, Quan
AU  - LIU, Yan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To investigate the high resolution CT (HRCT) features of novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) in children . Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the chest HRCT findings of 22 children diagnosed with 2019-nCov pneumonia by clinical and nucleic acid testing in Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology from January 25, 2020 to February 5, 2020. There were 12 boys and 10 girls, aged from 2 months to 14 years old, with a median age of 4 years, and 14 patients were under 5 years old. The characteristics of lung lesions on HRCT imaging such as distribution, shape, density, etc. and whether there were hilar and mediastinal lymph node enlargement and pleural changes were observed by 2 radiologists. Results In all of the 22 patients, 3 patients (3/22) had normal chest CT, and 19 patients (19/22) had infiltrated lesions in lung. Among them, 7 patients had unilateral lung involvement, 12 patients had bilateral involvement. The HRCT manifestations were as follows. Six patients showed ground glass shadow, including 4 cases showed light ground glass shadow and 2 had typical crazy paving sign. Four patients showed lung consolidation, with localized strip shadow and patchy high-density shadow. Six patients showed patchy lesions with surrounding ground glass shadow, including 1 case with white lung in the right. The bronchopneumonia-like changes in 3 cases, showed scattered spot-like or patchy uneven high-density shadows. The lesions in the lower lobe were more serious than those in the upper lobe, and the lesions in the lateroposterior zone of the lung were more common than those in the apical and central area of the lung. No enlarged lymph nodes and pleural effusion were seen in all patients, and 1 case had thickened interlobar pleura. Conclusions The HRCT manifestations of NCP in children are diversified, comprehensive judgments need to be made in combination with epidemiological data, clinical manifestations, and laboratory tests, but the chest HRCT can be used as an important basis for early clinical diagnosis and prevention and control interventions.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 0
PG  - E002-E002
SP  - E002
EP  - E002
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Surgical treatment strategy for digestive system malignancies during the outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - MA, Fuhai
AU  - HU, Haitao
AU  - TIAN, Yantao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia occurred in Wuhan, Hubei province of China, at the end of 2019, and spread rapidly across the country. After the outbreak of this disease, the overwhelming majority of cities have launched the 'first level response' and the regular diagnosis and treatment of cancer patients are greatly affected. The digestive systemic cancer is the most common malignancy. Most patients are diagnosed in the advanced stage with poor prognosis. The epidemic of novel coronavirus pneumonia poses new challenges to diagnosis and treatment of the patients with digestive system malignancies. Based on the fully understanding of the characteristics of digestive system tumors, we should change the treatment strategy and adopt more reasonable treatment strategy timely during the epidemic period to minimize the adverse effects of the epidemic of novel coronavirus pneumonia on the treatment.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 42
IS  - 0
PG  - E001-E001
SP  - E001
EP  - E001
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical features and high resolutionCT imaging findings of preliminary diagnosis novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - LU, Xuefang
AU  - GONG, Wei
AU  - WANG, Li
AU  - LI, Liang
AU  - XIE, Baojun
AU  - PENG, Zhoufeng
AU  - ZHA, Yunfei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To summarize the clinical characteristics of 141 patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) and the imaging characteristics of High Resolution CT(HRCT) in the chest. Methods From January 20, 2020 to 28, 141 NCP patients, 77 males and 64 females, with a median age of 49 (9,87), were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical features, laboratory examination indexes and HRCT findings of 141 NCP patients were analyzed. Results In 141 NCP patients, 38 (26.95%) had a decrease in leukocyte count and 71 (50.35%) had a decrease in lymphocyte ratio. Among 141 NCP patients, 139 (98.58%) had fever (over 37.5 &deg; C), 106 (75.18%) coughed, 11 (7.80%) had headache, 41 (29.08%) coughed up sputum, 93 (65.96%) had chest distress, and 4 (2.84%) had diarrhea. HRCT of 141 NCP patients were abnormal, 52 (36.88%) showed ground glass shadow (GGO) and patchy shadow, mainly subpleural distribution; 23 (16.31%) showed GGO with focal consolidation; 27 (19.15%) had small patchy blur; 20 (14.18%) had large patchy consolidation; 48 (34.04%) had bronchovascular bundle thickening and vascular perforator sign; 5 (3.55%) had Air bronchus sign; small nodule shadow in 7 cases (4.96%); fibrosis, grid shadow or strip shadow in 5 cases (3.55%); bilateral pleural effusion in 7 cases (4.96%); mediastinal or bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy in 4 cases (2.84%). Conclusions The clinical features and HRCT images of NCP are various. Under the specific epidemiological background of NCP, HRCT scan of chest should be carried out in time to make early warning of disease.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 0
PG  - E006-E006
SP  - E006
EP  - E006
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Composition and divergence of coronavirus spike proteins and host ACE2 receptors predict potential intermediate hosts of SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Liu, Zhixin
AU  - Xiao, Xiao
AU  - Wei, Xiuli
AU  - Li, Jian
AU  - Yang, Jing
AU  - Tan, Huabing
AU  - Zhu, Jianyong
AU  - Zhang, Qiwei
AU  - Wu, Jianguo
AU  - Liu, Long
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - From the beginning of 2002 and 2012, severe respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) crossed the species barriers to infect humans caused thousands of infections and hundreds of deaths, respectively. Currently, a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) causes the outbreaks of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) was discovered. Until February 18, 2020, there are 72533 confirmed COVID-19 cases (including 10644 severe cases) and 1872 deaths in China. SARS-CoV-2 is surging in the public and caused substantial burdens due to its human-to-human transmission. However, the intermediate host of SARS-CoV-2 is still unclear. Finding the possible intermediate host of SARS-CoV-2 is imperative to prevent further spread of the epidemic. In this study, we used systematic comparison and analysis to predict the interaction between the receptor binding domain (RBD) of coronavirus spike protein and the host receptor, Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2). The interaction between the key amino acids of S protein RBD and ACE2 indicated that like previous suggested pangolins and snacks, the turtles (C. picta bellii, C. mydas, and P. sinensis) may act as the potential intermediate hosts transmitting SARS-CoV-2 to human. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - J Med Virol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1002/jmv.25726
SP  - 10.1002/jmv.25726
EP  - 
AN  - 32100877
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25726
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32100877
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Expert consensus on emergency surgery management for traumatic orthopedics under prevention and control of novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - LIU, Jing
AU  - LI, Hui
AU  - ZHOU, Wu
AU  - LIU, Guohui
AU  - ZHANG, Yingze
AU  - JIANG, Baoguo
AU  - TANG, Peifu
AU  - LIU, Guodong
AU  - WU, Xinbao
AU  - YUAN, Zhi
AU  - ZHOU, Fang
AU  - WANG, Tianbing
AU  - FU, Zhongguo
AU  - HOU, Zhiyong
AU  - SU, Jiacan
AU  - YU, Bin
AU  - SHAO, Zengwu
AU  - XIA, Tian
AU  - XIONG, Liming
AU  - FANG, Yue
AU  - WANG, Guanglin
AU  - LIN, Peng
AU  - CHEN, Yanxi
AU  - NI, Jiangdong
AU  - YANG, Lei
AU  - WANG, Dongliang
AU  - HE, Chengjian
AU  - LIU, Ximing
AU  - CHE, Biao
AU  - LI, Yaming
AU  - WANG, Junwen
AU  - CHEN, Ming
AU  - ZHAO, Meng
AU  - CAO, Faqi
AU  - SUN, Yun
AU  - MI, Bobin
AU  - LIU, Mengfei
AU  - XIONG, Yuan
AU  - XUE, Hang
AU  - HU, Liangcong
AU  - HU, Yiqiang
AU  - CHEN, Lang
AU  - YAN, Chenchen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) has been reported in Wuhan, Hubei Province, and spreads rapidly to all through Hubei Province and even to the whole country. The virus is 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), never been seen previously in human, but all the population is generally susceptible. The virus spreads through many ways and is highly infectious, which brings great difficulties to the prevention and control of NCP. Based on the needs of orthopedic trauma patients for emergency surgery and review of the latest NCP diagnosis and treatment strategy and the latest principles and principles of evidence-based medicine in traumatic orthopedics, the authors put forward this expert consensus to systematically standardize the clinical pathway and protective measures of emergency surgery for orthopedic trauma patients during prevention and control of NCP and provide reference for the emergency surgical treatment of orthopedic trauma patients in hospitals at all levels.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Trauma
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 36
IS  - 2
PG  - 111-116
SP  - 111
EP  - 116
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Analysis of early chest high resolution CT images of novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - LIU, Haifeng
AU  - ZHANG, Dongyou
AU  - YANG, Yi
AU  - LONG, Bin
AU  - YIN, Long
AU  - ZHAO, Ming
AU  - PENG, Yong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To investigate the first chest HRCT imaging manifestations infected with novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP). Method A retrospective analysis of the first chest HRCT images of 106 patients with NCP clinically diagnosed in our hospital from January 3 to 25, 2020. Lesion distribution, morphology and surrounding involvement were analyzed. Result Lesions were found in the first lung HRCT of 106 patients, with unilateral lung distribution in 11 cases (10.4%), bilateral lung distribution in 95 cases (89.6%), and peripheral distribution of lung in 65 cases (61.3%). 41 cases (38.7%) were distributed at the same time; 8 cases (7.5%) were 1 lesion, 5 cases (4.7%) were 2 lesions, 93 cases (87.8%) were multiple lesions, and 12 cases were nodular lesions (11.3%). 94 cases of ground-glass lesions (88.7%), 7 cases of cord-like lesions (6.6%), 15 cases (14.2%) of coexisting lesions of two or more forms; 10 cases (9.4%) involving one lung lobe There were 96 cases (90.6%) involving two or more lung lobes; 24 cases (22.6%) with enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes (19 cases over 60 years old, accounting for 79.2%); 3 cases with pleural effusion (2.8 %), 1 case had pericardial effusion (0.9%), and 2 cases had pleural involvement / thickening (1.9%). Patients over 60 years of age mostly present with multiple lesions, multiple morphology, peripheral and central distribution of lungs, involving multiple lung lobes, and enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes. Conclusions Lung lesions of NCP patients can be detected for the first time by chest HRCT, which is the preferred imaging method. Thoracic HRCT scans play an important role in the early diagnosis of new coronavirus (NCP). .
JO  - Chinese Journal of Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 0
PG  - E007-E007
SP  - E007
EP  - E007
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Expert consensus on elderly patients with hip fracture under epidemic of novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - LIU, Guohui
AU  - LIU, Ximing
AU  - TONG, Xiaoling
AU  - WANG, Dongliang
AU  - CHEN, Yanxi
AU  - CAO, Liehu
AU  - LIU, Guodong
AU  - LIU, Jing
AU  - HU, Yan
AU  - HUANG, Biaotong
AU  - SHI, Zhongmin
AU  - ZHANG, Dianying
AU  - HOU, Zhiyong
AU  - LIU, Hongjian
AU  - TONG, Peijian
AU  - SONG, Shaojun
AU  - YANG, Lei
AU  - WANG, Yong
AU  - ZHANG, Lei
AU  - LUO, Tao
AU  - WANG, Meitang
AU  - ZHANG, Peng
AU  - ZHANG, Yong
AU  - LIN, Haodong
AU  - YU, Baoqing
AU  - MI, Bobin
AU  - ZHANG, Yingze
AU  - SU, Jiacan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - With the spread of novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) in December 2019, the management and rehabilitation of elderly patients with hip fractures and protection of medical staff face new challenges, and need to be adjusted appropriately under this very circumstances. Hip fractures in the elderly account for more than half of osteoporotic fractures. Expert group formulate this consensus so as to make better decision against this epidemic and protect patients' families and medical staff. This consensus elaborates not only epidemic condition of NCP, but also general principles of medical admission, treatment and protection for both medical staff and patients, in order to provide some reference and promote the standardization of clinical diagnosis and treatment of elderly patients with hip fractures under the condition of NCP.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Trauma
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 36
IS  - 2
PG  - 104-110
SP  - 104
EP  - 110
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Health management of breast cancer patients outside the hospital during the outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus disease
AU  - Liu, B. L.
AU  - Ma, F.
AU  - Wang, J. N.
AU  - Fan, Y.
AU  - Mo, H. N.
AU  - Xu, B. H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is spreading rapidly. In order to prevent cluster outbreaks, the government strengthened the management and control of personnel mobility, which had a great impact on the examination and treatment of breast cancer patients. This paper discusses how to realize scientific health management of breast cancer patients outside the hospital based on the existing epidemic situation, characteristics of breast cancer patients and public health safety factors. The breast cancer patients should synthetically consider the epidemic prevention situation of inhabitance, the disease stage and previous therapeutic schedule to decide the next therapeutic schedule. If necessary, after professional discussion and communication between doctors and patients online or offline, the hospital visiting time should be delayed through seeking alternative treatment schemes, and psychological counseling for patients should be paid attention to at the same time.
JO  - Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 42
IS  - 0
PG  - E002-E002
SP  - E002
EP  - E002
AN  - 32100979
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20200221-00110
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32100979
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Persistence and clearance of viral RNA in 2019 novel coronavirus disease rehabilitation patients
AU  - LING, Yun
AU  - XU, Shui Bao
AU  - LIN, Yi Xiao
AU  - TIAN, Di
AU  - ZHU, Zhao Qin
AU  - DAI, Fa Hui
AU  - WU, Fan
AU  - SONG, Zhi gang
AU  - HUANG, Wei
AU  - CHEN, Jun
AU  - HU, Bi Jie
AU  - WANG, Sheng
AU  - MAO, En Qiang
AU  - ZHU, Lei
AU  - ZHANG, Wen Hong
AU  - LU, Hong Zhou
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background: A patient&rsquo;s infectivity is determined by the presence of the virus in different body fluids, secretions, and excreta. The persistence and clearance of viral RNA from different specimens of patients with 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) remain unclear. This study analyzed the clearance time and factors influencing 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) RNA in different samples from patients with COVID-19, providing further evidence to improve the management of patients during convalescence. Methods: The clinical data and laboratory test results of convalescent patients with COVID-19 who were admitted to from January 20, 2020 to February 10, 2020 were collected retrospectively. The reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) results for patients&rsquo; oropharyngeal swab, stool, urine, and serum samples were collected and analyzed. Convalescent patients refer to recovered non-febrile patients without respiratory symptoms who had two successive (minimum 24 h sampling interval) negative RT-PCR results for viral RNA from oropharyngeal swabs. The effects of cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4)+ T lymphocytes, inflammatory indicators, and glucocorticoid treatment on viral nucleic acid clearance were analyzed. Results: In the 292 confirmed cases, 66 patients recovered after treatment and were included in our study. In total, 28 (42.4%) women and 38 men (57.6%) with a median age of 44.0 (34.0&ndash;62.0) years were analyzed. After in-hospital treatment, patients&rsquo; inflammatory indicators decreased with improved clinical condition. The median time from the onset of symptoms to first negative RT-PCR results for oropharyngeal swabs in convalescent patients was 9.5 (6.0&ndash;11.0) days. By February 10, 2020, 11 convalescent patients (16.7%) still tested positive for viral RNA from stool specimens and the other 55 patients&rsquo; stool specimens were negative for 2019-nCoV following a median duration of 11.0 (9.0&ndash;16.0) days after symptom onset. Among these 55 patients, 43 had a longer duration until stool specimens were negative for viral RNA than for throat swabs, with a median delay of 2.0 (1.0&ndash;4.0) days. Results for only four (6.9%) urine samples were positive for viral nucleic acid out of 58 cases; viral RNA was still present in three patients&rsquo; urine specimens after throat swabs were negative. Using a multiple linear regression model ( F =2.669, P =0.044, and adjusted R 2 =0.122), the analysis showed that the CD4+ T lymphocyte count may help predict the duration of viral RNA detection in patients&rsquo; stools ( t =-2.699, P =0.010). The duration of viral RNA detection from oropharyngeal swabs and fecal samples in the glucocorticoid treatment group was longer than that in the non-glucocorticoid treatment group (15 days vs 8.0 days, respectively; t =2.550, P =0.013) and the duration of viral RNA detection in fecal samples in the glucocorticoid treatment group was longer than that in the non-glucocorticoid treatment group (20 days vs 11 days, respectively; t =4.631, P &lt;0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in inflammatory indicators between patients with positive fecal viral RNA test results and those with negative results ( P &gt;0.05). Conclusions: In brief, as the clearance of viral RNA in patients&rsquo; stools was delayed compared to that in oropharyngeal swabs, it is important to identify viral RNA in feces during convalescence. Because of the delayed clearance of viral RNA in the glucocorticoid treatment group, glucocorticoids are not recommended in the treatment of COVID-19, especially for mild disease. The duration of RNA detection may relate to host cell immunity.
JO  - Chinese Medical Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 133
IS  - 0
PG  - E007-E007
SP  - E007
EP  - E007
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Caring for persons in detention suffering with mental illness during the Covid-19 outbreak
AU  - Liebrenz, M.
AU  - Bhugra, D.
AU  - Buadze, A.
AU  - Schleifer, R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Forensic Science International: Mind and Law
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 100013
SP  - 100013
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsiml.2020.100013
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666353820300060
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Treatment of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia based on the theory of 'three syndromes and three methods'
AU  - LI, Zhijun
AU  - LI, Yinping
AU  - WANG, Bochao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The latest diagnosis and treatment plan (4th edition) of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia has been issued. The diagnosis and treatment plan highlights the concept of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine, and Xuebijing injection was referred for three times. Xuebijing injection was successfully developed based on the theory of 'three syndromes and three methods'. The theory of 'three syndromes and three methods' is a theoretical system of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine on critical diseases proposed by Professor Wang Jinda and his team in the 1970s, and it is one of the main contents of Wang Jinda's academic thought. The theory of 'three syndromes and three methods' has a deep foundation of traditional Chinese medicine theory, and it is still being continuously enriched and improved. It is also supported by multiple evidence-based data. Therefore, 'three syndromes and three methods' has rich theoretical connotation and tenacious vitality.
JO  - Chinese Critical Care Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 32
IS  - 1
PG  - 5-7
SP  - 5
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chemotherapy strategy for colorectal cancer under the outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - Li, Y. H.
AU  - Shen, L.
AU  - Li, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) makes the medical treatment of colorectal cancers difficult. Cancer patients are more susceptible to infection and tumor history is defined as an important factor of poor prognosis, which challenges both doctors and patients. For metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, maintenance therapy is the optimal choice. The patients with tumor progression or poor biological behaviorshould receive or or continue combination chemotherapy. Adjuvant chemotherapy should reduce the intensity of treatment and shorten the therapy time. Fever patients during chemotherapy need to receive differential diagnosis and screening according to national standards. Patients with stable diseases and good general conditions may delay imaging examination.. Clinicians should make individual clinical decisions based on the specifics of each patient durding epidemic situation.
JO  - Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 23
IS  - 0
PG  - E004-E004
SP  - E004
EP  - E004
AN  - 32100980
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn.441530-20200226-00093
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32100980
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical features of 2019 novel coronavirus infection patients and a feasible screening procedure
AU  - LI, Yan
AU  - XU, Shengyong
AU  - DU, Tiekuan
AU  - XU, Jun
AU  - LI, Yi
AU  - YU, Xuezhong
AU  - ZHU, Huadong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To study the clinical characteristics of 2019 coronavirus (2019-nCoV) pneumonia patients and make a feasible screening process in fever clinic. Methods Epidemiologic features, clinical presentation, laboratory findings and image features of the screened patients were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Results Totally, 46 patients were screened, 9 of them were laboratory-confirmed 2019-nCoV infection, and others were defined as laboratory-excluded patients. Laboratory-confirmed patients had higher frequency of travelling or residence in Wuhan within two weeks of onset (P&lt;0.05), but there were no differences on age, sex, other epidemiologic features and comorbidities between the two groups (P&gt;0.05). The most common feature of the laboratory-confirmed patients was fever (100%), but the symptoms showed no differences between the two groups (P&gt;0.05). Laboratory-confirmed patients had lower white blood cell count than the laboratory-excluded patients (P&lt;0.05), and all of them had pneumonia in chest CT scan. None of the patients with normal chest CT had positive 2019-nCoV nucleic acid test. Conclusions No specific symptom was helpful in the diagnosis of 2019-nCoV infection. However, patients without chest CT scan changes had a very low risk of 2019-nCoV infection despite of the epidemiologic history and fever. We recommended a screening procedure that might be helpful to reduce the rate of miss diagnosis and improve screening efficiency.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 29
IS  - 0
PG  - E007-E007
SP  - E007
EP  - E007
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Consensus on emergency surgery and infection prevention and control for severe trauma patients with 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - LI, Yang
AU  - LI, Zhanfei
AU  - MAO, Qingxiang
AU  - LIU, Ding
AU  - ZHANG, Letian
AU  - YANG, Fan
AU  - XIE, Yu
AU  - ZHOU, Siru
AU  - ZHANG, Huayu
AU  - AI, Shanmu
AU  - TANG, Hao
AU  - ZHONG, Qiu
AU  - GUO, Qingshan
AU  - WANG, Yaoli
AU  - ZHANG, Weiguo
AU  - CHEN, Liyong
AU  - BAI, Xiangjun
AU  - ZHANG, Lianyang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) epidemic has occurred in Wuhan, Hubei Province since December 2019, caused by a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) never been seen previously in human. China has imposed the strictest quarantine and closed management measures in history to control the spreading of the disease. However, severe trauma can still occur in the NCP patients. In order to standardize the emergency treatment and the infection prevention and control of severe trauma patients with hidden infection, suspected or confirmed infection of 2019-nCoV, Trauma Surgery Branch of Chinese Medical Doctors' Association organized this expert consensus. The consensus illustrated the classification of the NCP patients, severe trauma patients in need of emergency surgery, emergency surgery type, hierarchical protection for medical personnel and treatment places. Meanwhile, the consensus standardized the screening, injury severity evaluation, emergency surgical treatment strategy and postoperative management strategy of severe trauma patients during the epidemic period of NCP, providing a basis for the clinical treatment of such kind of patients.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Trauma
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 36
IS  - 2
PG  - 1-7
SP  - 1
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Report of the first cases of mother and infant infections with 2019 novel coronavirus in Xinyang City Henan Province
AU  - LI, Mengdie
AU  - XU, Ming
AU  - ZHAN, Weiqiang
AU  - HAN, Tao
AU  - ZHANG, Guosheng
AU  - LU, Yibin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To report the first case of a neonatal pneumonia with 2019-nCoV infection, and the experience of successfully diagnosis and treatment in late pregnancy woman with novel coronavirus pneumonia (critical type) in Xinyang city. Methods The successfully diagnosis and treatment of a woman with 38 weeks singleton pregnancy complicated with novel coronavirus pneumonia (critical type), and a case of neonatal pneumonia with 2019-nCoV infection were retrospectively analyzed. Results A single male was successfully delivered at 38-week gestation of his mother by cesarean section under third level protection in operation room. The delivery woman was diagnosed with 2019-nCoV infection at day 2 of delivery. Dyspnea and severe hypoxemia soon developed, and invasive mechanical ventilation was given. After active rescue and treatment, the delivery woman had been taken off line successfully and the condition was stable. Pharyngeal swab specimen of the neonate was sent for examination 3 days after birth, and was positive for novel coronavirus nucleic acid by fluorescence reverse transcript polymerase chain reaction. Conclusion 2019-nCoV&nbsp;may be transmitted vertically from mother to child.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 38
IS  - 0
PG  - E007-E007
SP  - E007
EP  - E007
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Analysis of false-negative results for 2019 novel coronavirus nucleic acid test and related countermeasures
AU  - LI, Jin
AU  - YE, Guangming
AU  - CHEN, Liangjun
AU  - WANG, Jiajun
AU  - LI, Yirong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, a cluster of patients with pneumonia of unknown cause were linked to a seafood wholesale market in Wuhan, China. Some studies found that the virus was a new kind of virus which had never been found in the human body. Then, the virus was named 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by the World Health Organization (WHO). 2019-nCoV nucleic acid detection is one of the essential indicators of NCP (Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia). Recently, some false-negative cases in China-Japan Friendship Hospital and Hangzhou Hospital led the clinical doctors to question the value of the nucleic acid detection. In this paper, more than 3 000 results of 2019-nCoV detection in Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University were analyzed. Attention should be paid to the root cause of false-negative results and the related countermeasures should be taken.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Laboratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 0
PG  - E006-E006
SP  - E006
EP  - E006
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - ‘A completely new culture of doing research.’ Coronavirus outbreak changes how scientists communicate | Science | AAAS
AU  - Kupferschmidt, Kai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - On 22 January, Dave O’Connor and Tom Friedrich invited several dozen colleagues around the United States to join a new workspace on the instant messaging platform Slack. The scientists, both at the Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, had seen news about a new disease emerging in China and realized researchers would need a primate model if they were going to answer some important questions about its biology. “We put out a call to a bunch of investigators and basically said: ‘Hey, let’s talk,’” O’Connor says. The idea is to coordinate research and make sure results are comparable, Friedrich adds. (They named the Slack workspace the Wu-han Clan, a play on the hip-hop group Wu-Tang Clan.) The Wu-han Clan is just one example of how the COVID-19 outbreak is transforming how scientists communicate about fast-moving health crises. A torrent of data is being released daily by preprint servers that didn’t even exist a decade ago, then dissected on platforms such as Slack and Twitter, and in the media, before formal peer review begins. Journal staffers are working overtime to get manuscripts reviewed, edited, and published at record speeds. The venerable New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM) posted one COVID-19 paper within 48 hours of submission. Viral genomes posted on a platform named GISAID, more than 200 so far, are analyzed instantaneously by a phalanx of evolutionary biologists who share their phylogenetic trees in preprints and on social media.
JO  - Science Magazine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/02/completely-new-culture-doing-research-coronavirus-outbreak-changes-how-scientists
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Experience of treating severe cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Changde area
AU  - JIN, Xin
AU  - FANG, Yimin
AU  - HUANG, Shaohua
AU  - LUO, Lin
AU  - QIN, Yunjian
AU  - ZHOU, Rui
AU  - PENG, Yue
AU  - YANG, Mingshi
AU  - AI, Yuhang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since the cluster of the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) pneumonia, a large number of patients gathered, the mortality of critical patients has remained high and the treatment was unclear. In this outbreak, Hunan Changde region immediately set up a hospital and intensive care unit. The patients relieved through respiratory support, hemodynamics management, nutritional support, the application of antiviral drugs, analgesic and sedation. The treatment experience in severe cases of 2019-nCov pneumonia patients were summarized as follows: in terms of respiratory support, we needed to pay attention to the advantages of high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy (HFNC) and the intervention of mechanical ventilation, pay attention to the ventilator parameters, and adopt prone position timely. In the aspects of fluid resuscitation and volume management, we should pay attention to the characteristics of severe patients' volume status, perform early evaluation, and clinicians should focused on hemodynamic management beside the bed. In the aspect of nutritional support and evaluation and maintenance of intestinal function, early enteral nutrition should be adopted in time. However, the trade-off between the risk of intestinal function and nutritional support in patients with mechanical ventilation and the antiviral benefits of Kaletra needed to be reevaluated, the optimized way of analgesia and sedation was adopted, at the same time, the usage and side effects of antiviral drugs should be paid attention to. We should grasp the opportunity of transportation for severe patients. It is suggested that some warning scores should be used to facilitate early recognition of patients with severe infection and then they should be earlier transferred to the designated hospital for intensive care.
JO  - Chinese Critical Care Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 32
IS  - 1
PG  - 10-12
SP  - 10
EP  - 12
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of novel coronavirus infection in children: Thoughts on the diagnostic criteria of suspected cases outside Hubei Province
AU  - JIANG, Jianyu
AU  - DUAN, Ling
AU  - XIONG, Daoxue
AU  - FENG, Yan
AU  - LIU, Xiangjun
AU  - YU, Jie
AU  - PENG, Zhe
AU  - LANG, Chunhui
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To improve the diagnostic criteria of suspected cases through investigating the epidemiological and clinical manifestations of confirmed cases of new-type coronavirus infection in children. Methods We retrospective analyzed the epidemiological and clinical manifestations of 6 children with new coronavirus infection diagnosed in Chongqing Three Gorges Central Hospital from February 3, 2020 to February 15, 2020 . Compared with the diagnostic criteria of suspected cases,we summarized the problems encountered in the application of this standard in clinical work and try to put forward Suggestions for improvement. Results Among the 6 children with confirmed cases: 5 males and 1 female; 3 from Hubei Province and 3 from Wanzhou ; 6 cases of clustered onset of the family; Visiting nature: 3 cases of suspected case income, 3 cases of community or outpatient screening . Three cases with fever and / or respiratory symptoms, one of which had symptoms of diarrhea; all children's blood routine and lymphocyte counts were within the normal range; chest CT imaging except for cases No. 1 and No. 5 were in line with typical new coronavirus pneumonia signs. In addition, the remaining 3 patients had abnormal imaging but did not have the characteristics of new coronavirus pneumonia, and 1 case was normal. Comparison results:Only case 1 of all cases fully met the diagnostic criteria, and the remaining cases did not meet the diagnostic criteria of early suspected cases. Conclusion In order to improve the accuracy and practicality of the diagnosis of suspected cases in children, it is recommended to refine and standardize the diagnostic criteria of some suspected cases.
JO  - Chinese Pediatric Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 27
IS  - 0
PG  - E003-E003
SP  - E003
EP  - E003
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - A combination regimen by lopinave/litonawe (LPV/r), emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide fumarate (FTC/TAF) for treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia (TARCoV)
AU  - JIANG, Hua
AU  - WANG, Yu
AU  - WANG, Kai
AU  - YANG, Xingxiang
AU  - ZHANG, Jiancheng
AU  - DENG, Hongfei
AU  - WANG, Lu
AU  - ZENG, Jun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To explore the efficacy of a combination regimen by Lopinave/Litonawe (LPV/r), emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide fumarate (FTC/TAF) for the treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP). Methods We design the protocol as a real world study, which includes two groups: prospective intervention cohort (T1) and historical control group (T2). For T1 group, ninety patients will be enrolled who are diagnosed as NCP. All patients in T1 group will receive standard therapies following the recommendation in the guidelines of National Commission of Health, and they will be administered an anti-virus regimen includes LPV/r and FTC/TAF. The T2 group will enroll patients who have received single regimen includes LPV/r. The major outcome is the survival rate of patients. Secondary outcomes are the time of seroconversion of RNA, ARDS progression rate and length of hospital stay. Conclusions The results of this real world study might provide clinical practitioners a high efficiency and fast antivirus regimen for NCP. In addition, the conduction of this study will accelerate screening for other new effective therapeutic method.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 29
IS  - 3
PG  - E006-E006
SP  - E006
EP  - E006
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cross‐species transmission of the newly identified coronavirus 2019‐nCoV
AU  - Ji, Wei
AU  - Wang, Wei
AU  - Zhao, Xiaofang
AU  - Zai, Junjie
AU  - Li, Xingguang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The current outbreak of viral pneumonia in the city of Wuhan, China, was caused by a novel coronavirus designated 2019‐nCoV by the World Health Organization, as determined by sequencing the viral RNA genome. Many initial patients were exposed to wildlife animals at the Huanan seafood wholesale market, where poultry, snake, bats, and other farm animals were also sold. To investigate possible virus reservoir, we have carried out comprehensive sequence analysis and comparison in conjunction with relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU) bias among different animal species based on the 2019‐nCoV sequence. Results obtained from our analyses suggest that the 2019‐nCoV may appear to be a recombinant virus between the bat coronavirus and an origin‐unknown coronavirus. The recombination may occurred within the viral spike glycoprotein, which recognizes a cell surface receptor. Additionally, our findings suggest that 2019‐nCoV has most similar genetic information with bat coronovirus and most similar codon usage bias with snake. Taken together, our results suggest that homologous recombination may occur and contribute to the 2019‐nCoV cross‐species transmission.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 92
IS  - 4
PG  - 433-440
SP  - 433
EP  - 440
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25682
UR  - https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/bpl/jmv/2020/00000092/00000004/art00007 https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25682
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Analysis of clinical characteristics of new coronavirus pneumonia patients in secondary epidemic areas
AU  - JI, Weiping
AU  - CHEN, Xinxin
AU  - XU, Hui
AU  - JIN, Chenci
AU  - HU, Yunming
AU  - JI, Chengyuan
AU  - SHEN, Xian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective Understand the clinical characteristics of confirmed pneumonia patients infected with new corona virus in secondary epidemic areas and guide the diagnosis and treatment of novel pneumonia in secondary epidemic areas and provide a reference for clinical prevention and control of the epidemic situation. Methods The clinical data of 33 patients admitted with pneumonia caused by a novel coronavirus in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from January 15 to February 1, 2020, were retrospectively reviewed. At the onset of the disease, we analyzed the primary symptoms such as fever, cough, fatigue, chest tightness, chest pain and also a significant blood test results of the patients. According to the patient's contact history, it was divided into the direct infection group of the main epidemic area and the indirect contact infection group of the main epidemic areas. The difference between clinical manifestations among the two groups was analyzed. Results The main clinical symptoms of patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia in the secondary epidemic area were respiratory tract and systemic symptoms. After grouping according to the presence and absence of direct contact in the main epidemic area, there was no significant difference in baseline data between the two groups, and there was no significant difference in symptoms and signs between the two groups ( P &lt; 0.05). Some patients had serum amyloid protein (SAP) increased abnormall. Conclusions The respiratory tract and systemic symptoms are the primary symptoms of the patients with the new type of coronavirus pneumonia in the secondary epidemic area, which are not typical. The abnormal increase of serum amyloid protein (SAA) may be used as an auxiliary index for diagnosis and treatment.
JO  - Chinese Critical Care Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 32
IS  - 2
PG  - E009-E009
SP  - E009
EP  - E009
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The recommendation for management of the bereavements among the family members died with novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - JI, Jianlin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The death of a family member died with the novel coronavirus pneumonia is a special traumatic stress to the other family members and they will bear unbelievable distress and dramatic sorrow. The grief responses can be divided into normal grief responses and abnormal grief responses. The latter are much stronger, more severe, last longer and the responses can be delayed or inhibited or distorted. The management of abnormal grief responses includes counseling, supportive group, psychotherapy and medications.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 29
IS  - 0
PG  - E001-E001
SP  - E001
EP  - E001
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The continuing 2019-nCoV epidemic threat of novel coronaviruses to global health — The latest 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak in Wuhan, China - International Journal of Infectious Diseases
AU  - Hui, David S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The city of Wuhan in China is the focus of global attention due to an outbreak of a febrile respiratory illness due to a coronavirus 2019-nCoV. In December 2019, there was an outbreak of pneumonia of unknown cause in Wuhan, Hubei province in China, with an epidemiological link to the Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market where there was also sale of live animals. Notification of the WHO on 31 Dec 2019 by the Chinese Health Authorities has prompted health authorities in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan to step up border surveillance, and generated concern and fears that it could mark the emergence of a novel and serious threat to public health (WHO, 2020a; Parr, 2020).
JO  - International Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2020.01.009
UR  - https://www.ijidonline.com/article/S1201-9712(20)30011-4/fulltext
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Emergent Strategies for the Next Phase of COVID-19
AU  - Huh, Kyungmin
AU  - Shin, Hyoung Shik
AU  - Peck, Kyong Ran
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Infect Chemother
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32100487
DO  - 
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32100487
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A correlation study ofCT and clinical features of different clinical types of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - HUANG, Lu
AU  - HAN, Rui
AU  - YU, Pengxin
AU  - WANG, Shaokang
AU  - XIA, Liming
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To investigate the CT and clinical features of 2019 novel coronavirus (NCP) pneumonia. Methods Chest CT and clinical data of confirmed 103 patients with 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in January 2020, retrospectively. According to diagnosis and treatment of NCP infected pneumonia (trial version 5), all the patients were classified into mild( n =58), severe ( n =36) and very severe ( n =9) type, and their clinical findings, laboratory examination and CT finding were analyzed. CT features included lesions&rsquo; distribution, location, size, shape, edge, number, density, percentage of pneumonia lesions of the whole lung and extra-pulmonary manifestations. The CT features of different clinical subtypes were compared using &chi; 2 test or Fisher's exact probability. Comparisons between the percentage of pneumonic lesions to total lung volume were computed by using analysis of variance (normal distribution) or Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test (non-normal distribution). Results In terms of clinical manifestations, the patients with severe NCP were more common in elderly men, with a median age of 65 years. Fever was the first symptom in 49 (84%) of 58 patients with NCP, and fever was the first symptom in both severe and critical NCP patients. The incidence of cough in severe (25 / 36, 69%) and critical (6 /9, 67%) NCP patients was higher than that in general (20 /58, 34%). All critical patients have dyspnea. In terms of CT findings, common NCP showed double lung (40/58,71%) multiple (40 / 58,69%) ground glass (31/58,52%) or mixed (25 / 58,43%) lesions (56 / 58,97%); severe and critical NCP showed double lung lesions, heavy NCP mainly showed multiple (34 / 36,96%) patches (33 / 36,92%) mixed density lesions (26 / 36,72%); 9 severe NCP lesions were more than 3 cm Mixed density lesions. The percentage of pneumonia focus in the whole lung volume: the common type (12.5% &plusmn; 6.1%) was significantly lower than the severe type (25.9% &plusmn; 10.7%) and the critical type (47.2% &plusmn; 19.2%) NCP, the difference was statistically significant ( P values were &lt; 0.001 and 0.002 respectively), and the severe type NCP was also significantly lower than the critical type ( P = 0.032). Conclusions CT and clinical features of different clinical types of NCP pneumonia are different. Chest CT findings have unique characteristic, which can not only make early diagnosis, but also evaluate its clinical course and severity.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 0
PG  - E003-E003
SP  - E003
EP  - E003
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The laboratory risk assessment and control testing 2019 novel coronavirus in biosafety class II laboratories
AU  - HUA, Wenhao
AU  - SHENG, Linjun
AU  - SONG, Lihong
AU  - WANG, Qingtao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) has spread from Wuhan to the whole country. After the Spring Festival, workers will return to workplace and students will return to school. There is an increasing risk of 2019-nCoV cases being imported into provinces and cities. In order to promote the prevention and control of 2019-nCoV infection, reduce the risk of transmission in medical institutions, and ensure medical quality and medical safety, it is necessary to carry out the detection test of 2019-nCoV in biosafety class II laboratory. In order to achieve the goal of zero infection of the laboratory personnel, different preventive measures should be taken to assess the risk of the experimental activities.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Laboratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 0
PG  - E007-E007
SP  - E007
EP  - E007
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel coronavirus pneumonia related liver injury: etiological analysis and treatment strategy
AU  - HU, Lilin
AU  - WANG, Weijun
AU  - ZHU, Qingjing
AU  - YANG, Ling
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia(NCP) caused by 2019&nbsp;novel coronavirus has become a global public health challenge. Some patients accompany with liver function damage in addition to the main typical respiratory symptom. Here we analyzed the clinical features, susceptible population, potential causes and therapeutic strategies of NCP related liver injury.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Hepatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 28
IS  - 2
PG  - E001-E001
SP  - E001
EP  - E001
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Passengers' destinations from China: low risk of Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) transmission into Africa and South America
AU  - Haider, Najmul
AU  - Yavlinsky, Alexei
AU  - Simons, David
AU  - Osman, Abdinasir Yusuf
AU  - Ntoumi, Francine
AU  - Zumla, Alimuddin
AU  - Kock, Richard
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV [SARS-COV-2]) was detected in humans during the last week of December 2019 at Wuhan city in China, and caused 24 554 cases in 27 countries and territories as of 5 February 2020. The objective of this study was to estimate the risk of transmission of 2019-nCoV through human passenger air flight from four major cities of China (Wuhan, Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou) to the passengers' destination countries. We extracted the weekly simulated passengers' end destination data for the period of 1-31 January 2020 from FLIRT, an online air travel dataset that uses information from 800 airlines to show the direct flight and passengers' end destination. We estimated a risk index of 2019-nCoV transmission based on the number of travellers to destination countries, weighted by the number of confirmed cases of the departed city reported by the World Health Organization (WHO). We ranked each country based on the risk index in four quantiles (4th quantile being the highest risk and 1st quantile being the lowest risk). During the period, 388 287 passengers were destined for 1297 airports in 168 countries or territories across the world. The risk index of 2019-nCoV among the countries had a very high correlation with the WHO-reported confirmed cases (0.97). According to our risk score classification, of the countries that reported at least one Coronavirus-infected pneumonia (COVID-19) case as of 5 February 2020, 24 countries were in the 4th quantile of the risk index, two in the 3rd quantile, one in the 2nd quantile and none in the 1st quantile. Outside China, countries with a higher risk of 2019-nCoV transmission are Thailand, Cambodia, Malaysia, Canada and the USA, all of which reported at least one case. In pan-Europe, UK, France, Russia, Germany and Italy; in North America, USA and Canada; in Oceania, Australia had high risk, all of them reported at least one case. In Africa and South America, the risk of transmission is very low with Ethiopia, South Africa, Egypt, Mauritius and Brazil showing a similar risk of transmission compared to the risk of any of the countries where at least one case is detected. The risk of transmission on 31 January 2020 was very high in neighbouring Asian countries, followed by Europe (UK, France, Russia and Germany), Oceania (Australia) and North America (USA and Canada). Increased public health response including early case recognition, isolation of identified case, contract tracing and targeted airport screening, public awareness and vigilance of health workers will help mitigate the force of further spread to naïve countries.
JO  - Epidemiol Infect
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 148
IS  - 
PG  - e41-e41
SP  - e41
EP  - e41
AN  - 32100667
DO  - 10.1017/S0950268820000424
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32100667
NS  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Nursing human resource management of infectious disease hospitals under novel coronavirus pneumonia threats
AU  - GUO, Huimin
AU  - ZHANG, Lili
AU  - YANG, Jiankun
AU  - BAO, Zhiying
AU  - REN, Zhen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - With the outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia, Beijing You'an Hospital has become one of the three infectious disease specialist hospitals designated to treat patients of such pneumonia. Under the premise of comprehensively implementing various emergency treatment tasks and ensuring the normal operation of other wards, the Nursing Department has put in place emergency plans and deployed due manpower for rapid response, timely personnel deployment, and reasonable reserve echelon structure. These measures have been taken as required by the patients&rsquo; numbers, critical conditions, disease diagnosis, and the guidelines of treatment and protection. While ensuring the completion of treatment work, we manage to leverage nursing human resources in a scientific, standardized and maximized efficiency manner, to ensure the quality of nursing, and the physical and mental health of nursing staff.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Hospital Administration
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 36
IS  - 0
PG  - E005-E005
SP  - E005
EP  - E005
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Advance in human coronaviruses research of host interactions
AU  - GU, Yanni
AU  - SHEN, Chaobin
AU  - CHEN, Tongxin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 2019-novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) is a highly pathogenic human CoV that first emerged in Wuhan in 2019.2019-nCoV has a zoonotic origin and poses a major threat to public health.However, little is known about the viral factors contributing to the high virulence of 2019-nCoV.Many animal viruses, including CoVs, encode proteins that interfere with host gene expression, including those involved in antiviral immune responses, and these viral proteins are often major virulence factors.Human coronaviruses (HCoVs) are known respiratory pathogens associated with a range of respiratory infection.In the past 17 years, the onset of 2019-nCoV, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) have thrust HCoVs into spotlight of the research community due to their high pathogenicity in humans.The recent study of HCoVs-host interactions has contributed extensively to our understanding of infection pathogenesis of 2019-nCoV.This review discuss various host physiopathologic mechanism, such as apoptosis, innate immunity, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-&kappa;B) pathway that may be modulated by HCoVs and provides evidence for the intensive investigate of 2019-nCoV infection.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Applied Clinical Pediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 35
IS  - 2
PG  - 118-124
SP  - 118
EP  - 124
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Fear of COVID 2019: First suicidal case in India !
AU  - Goyal, Kapil
AU  - Chauhan, Poonam
AU  - Chhikara, Komal
AU  - Gupta, Parakriti
AU  - Singh, Mini P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Asian Journal of Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101989
SP  - 101989
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.101989
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876201820300976
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Visualising the expansion and spread of coronavirus disease 2019 by cartograms
AU  - Gao, Peichao
AU  - Zhang, Hong
AU  - Wu, Zhiwei
AU  - Wang, Jicheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has emerged as a growing focus of global attention and a critical factor in public-health decision making. Towards fighting the COVID-19 outbreak, countries worldwide and international organisations have taken various actions, including promoting the transparency of and public access to disease data. In such public communications, maps have played an important role in that a map is worth a thousand words. Most of these have taken the form of a choropleth map. Here, we propose employing cartograms to visualise both the expansion and spread of COVID-19. We designed a combination of six circular cartograms containing the data of confirmed cases every 48 hours from 24 January to 3 February 2020. Such a design conveys both spatial and temporal information more intuitively and efficiently, so it can be expected to facilitate better public participation in the fight against COVID-19.
JO  - Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 0308518X20910162
SP  - 0308518X20910162
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/0308518X20910162
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1177/0308518X20910162
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The COVID-19 outbreak and implications for the Tokyo 2020 Summer Olympic Games
AU  - Gallego, Viviana
AU  - Nishiura, Hiroshi
AU  - Sah, Ranjit
AU  - Rodriguez-Morales, Alfonso J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101604
SP  - 101604
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101604
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893920300715
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Manifestations of Digestive system in hospitalized patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a single-center, descriptive study
AU  - FANG, Dan
AU  - MA, Jingdong
AU  - GUAN, Jialun
AU  - WANG, Muru
AU  - SONG, Yang
AU  - TIAN, Dean
AU  - LI, Peiyuan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To study the manifestations of digestive system of hospitalized patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) in Wuhan, China, and to provide reference for disease control and treatment. Methods The data of hospitalized patients with NCP in the Sino-French Branch of Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology was retrospectively analyzed, which included general information, nucleic acid test, severity degree of disease, incubation period, initial symptoms and manifestations of digestive system. The general information, positive rate of nucleic acid detection, and manifestations of digestive system were compared between critical patients who required non-invasive or invasive assisted ventilation (critical group) and non-critical patients without assisted ventilation (non-critical group). Continuous corrected chi-square test and independent sample median test were performed for statistical analysis. Results Among the 305 patients there were 146 males (47.9%) and 159 females (52.1%), median age 57 years old. Nucleic acid assay of nasopharynx swab or pharynx swab of 84.1% (228/271) patients were positive. Forty-six patients (15.1%) were in critical group and 259 patients (84.9%) were in non-critical group. The incubation period was one to fifteen days, and the median period was six days. The initial symptoms mainly were fever (81.1%, 163/201), cough (39.3%, 79/201), fatigue (54.7%, 110/201), and loss of appetite (50.2%, 101/201). In one to ten days after the disease onset, 79.1% (159/201) of patients developed gastrointestinal symptoms including nausea (29.4%, 59/201), vomiting (15.9%, 32/201), or abdominal pain (6.0%, 12/201). 49.5% (146/295) of patients had diarrhea, median time was 3.3 days, (3.3&plusmn;1.6) times per day, and a duration of (4.1&plusmn;2.5) days. Excluding possible drug-related diarrhea, the incidence of diarrhea still was 22.2%. Only 6.9% (4/58) of patients were found leukocytes or fecal occult blood positive in regular stool test. ALT, AST, or bilirubin increased in 39.1% (119/304) of patients at admission. Patients with ALT or AST &ge; 80 U/L only accounted for 7.9% (24/304) and 6.3% (19/304), respectively. About 2.0% (6/304) of patients also had increased bilirubin level, average level was (37.4 &plusmn; 21.1) &mu;mol/L. The median age of critical group was older than that of non-critical group (65.5 years vs. 56 years), at admission the rates of abnormal liver function test abnormal and slightly increased AST (40~80 U/L) of critical group were both higher than those of non-critical group (67.4% (31/46) vs. 34.1% (88/258) and 47.8% (22/46) vs. 21.7% (56/228)), and the differences were statistically significant ( x 2 =5.885, 18.154 and 15.723;all P &lt;0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the proportion of male (58.7% (27/46) vs. 45.9% (119/259)), the positive rate of nucleic acid detection (94.6% (35/37) vs. 82.5% (193/234)), the percentage of patients with gastrointestinal symptoms (85.0% (17/20) vs. 78.5% (142/181)), the rate of diarrhea (44.7% (17/38)vs. 50.2% (129/257)) and ratio of patients with abnormal bilirubin level (6.5% (3/46) vs. 1.2% (3/258)) (all P &gt;0.05). Conclusions The manifestation of digestive system of hospitalized NCP patients in Wuhan is significant, the ratio of patients with diarrhea and abnormal aminotransferase level is high. And at admission the rate of patients with abnormal liver function rate of critical group is higher than that of non-critical group, which will provide reference for the prevention and treatment of NCP.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Digestion
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 40
IS  - 0
PG  - E005-E005
SP  - E005
EP  - E005
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Investigation on demands for antenatal care services among 2 002 pregnant women during the epidemic of coronavirus disease 2019 in Shanghai
AU  - DU, Li
AU  - GU, Yibin
AU  - CUI, Mengqing
AU  - LI, Wenxian
AU  - WANG, Jie
AU  - ZHU, Liping
AU  - XU, Biao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To identify problems and demands for antenatal care (ANC) among pregnant women in different trimesters of pregnancy in Shanghai for optimizing ANC service during the epidemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods Organized by Maternal and Child Health Care institute in the 16 districts of Shanghai, a cross sectional study was conducted among pregnant women who came to pregnancy registration in the community health centers or attended ANC in maternity hospitals from February 7 to February 12, 2020. Consented participating women completed a semi-structured online questionnaire voluntarily. Data was analyzed using frequency and scoring, chi-square test. Results A total of 2 002 valid questionnaires were collected from 183 community health centers and 67 midwifery hospitals. About 94.6% of the pregnant women worried about being infected during the COVID-19 epidemic, and 14.7% demanded for psychological consultation. Appointment ANC services were requested by 87.7% of the participants for avoiding presenting themselves in people-density places. Compared with other pregnancy trimesters, pregnant women in the second trimester were more willing to reduce the frequency of ANC (48.1% VS. 39.5% VS. 35.2%, P &lt;0.01). Compared with multiparas, primiparas were more willing to have online consultation and guidance (63.8% VS. 49.2%, P &lt;0.01). Regarding the needs for health knowledge on COVID-19, personal protection against 2019-nCoV was the most concerned for pregnant women, and 71.0% of them preferred to obtain knowledge through health applications, official Weibo and WeChat. Conclusions Pregnant women in Shanghai critically concern about the risk of 2019-nCoV infections, and highly demand knowledge and measures on prevention and protection from COVID-19. They ask for having time-lapse appointments for ANC and online access to health information and services. Maternal and Child Care institutes should understand the demands of pregnant women, optimize the means of ANC service, and provide tailored and accessible health education and service for the safety of mother and child.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 55
IS  - 0
PG  - E004-E004
SP  - E004
EP  - E004
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: surge in cases in Italy and South Korea makes pandemic look more likely
AU  - Day, Michael
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m751-m751
SP  - m751
EP  - m751
AN  - 32098875
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m751
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32098875
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Suggestions for thoracic surgery clinical practice in non-epidemic area of coronavirus infected disease-19
AU  - DAI, Fuqiang
AU  - TAN, Qunyou
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In this paper, the mechanism of destroying human alveolar epithelial cells and pulmonary tissue by 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) was discussed firstly. There may be multiple mechanisms including killing directly the target cells and hyperinflammatory responses. Secondly, the clinical features, CT imaging, short-term and long-term pulmonary function damage of the 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) was analyzed. Finally, some suggestions for thoracic surgery clinical practice in non-epidemic area during and after the epidemic of COVID-19 was provided, to help all the thoracic surgery patients receive active and effective treatment.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 58
IS  - 0
PG  - E004-E004
SP  - E004
EP  - E004
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mystery deepens over animal source of coronavirus Podcast Extra: ‘There is lots of anxiety’: a scientist’s view from South Korea Coronavirus latest: Brazil reports first case in South America
AU  - Cyranoski, David
AU  - Grzybowski, Bartosz
AU  - Nature
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Pangolins are a prime suspect, but a slew of genetic analyses has yet to find conclusive proof. Pangolins are a prime suspect, but a slew of genetic analyses has yet to find conclusive proof. Nick Howe speaks to chemist Bartosz Grzybowski about his experience with the coronavirus outbreak in South Korea. Nick Howe speaks to chemist Bartosz Grzybowski about his experience with the coronavirus outbreak in South Korea. A case of COVID-19 has been confirmed in Brazil — the first in South America. On 26 February, Brazil’s minister of health, Luiz Henrique Mandetta, confirmed that a man who traveled to northern Italy between 9 and 21 February has the disease. Italy’s outbreak has escalated to 324 cases and 12 deaths, according to a virus tracker maintained by Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:10.1038/d41586-020-00548-w doi:10.1038/d41586-020-00565-9 doi:10.1038/d41586-020-00154-w
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00548-w https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00565-9 https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00154-w
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Nucleocapsid Protein Recruitment to Replication-Transcription Complexes Plays a Crucial Role in Coronaviral Life Cycle
AU  - Cong, Yingying
AU  - Ulasli, Mustafa
AU  - Schepers, Hein
AU  - Mauthe, Mario
AU  - V’kovski, Philip
AU  - Kriegenburg, Franziska
AU  - Thiel, Volker
AU  - de Haan, Cornelis A. M.
AU  - Reggiori, Fulvio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus (CoV) nucleocapsid (N) proteins are key for incorporating genomic RNA into progeny viral particles. In infected cells, N proteins are present at the replication-transcription complexes (RTCs), the sites of CoV RNA synthesis. It has been shown that N proteins are important for viral replication and that the one of mouse hepatitis virus (MHV), a commonly used model CoV, interacts with nonstructural protein 3 (nsp3), a component of the RTCs. These two aspects of the CoV life cycle, however, have not been linked. We found that the MHV N protein binds exclusively to nsp3 and not other RTC components by using a systematic yeast two-hybrid approach, and we identified two distinct regions in the N protein that redundantly mediate this interaction. A selective N protein variant carrying point mutations in these two regions fails to bind nsp3 in vitro, resulting in inhibition of its recruitment to RTCs in vivo. Furthermore, in contrast to the wild-type N protein, this N protein variant impairs the stimulation of genomic RNA and viral mRNA transcription in vivo and in vitro, which in turn leads to impairment of MHV replication and progeny production. Altogether, our results show that N protein recruitment to RTCs, via binding to nsp3, is an essential step in the CoV life cycle because it is critical for optimal viral RNA synthesis.IMPORTANCE CoVs have long been regarded as relatively harmless pathogens for humans. Severe respiratory tract infection outbreaks caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome CoV, however, have caused high pathogenicity and mortality rates in humans. These outbreaks highlighted the relevance of being able to control CoV infections. We used a model CoV, MHV, to investigate the importance of the recruitment of N protein, a central component of CoV virions, to intracellular platforms where CoVs replicate, transcribe, and translate their genomes. By identifying the principal binding partner at these intracellular platforms and generating a specific mutant, we found that N protein recruitment to these locations is crucial for promoting viral RNA synthesis. Moreover, blocking this recruitment strongly inhibits viral infection. Thus, our results explain an important aspect of the CoV life cycle and reveal an interaction of viral proteins that could be targeted in antiviral therapies.
JO  - Journal of Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 94
IS  - 4
PG  - e01925-19
SP  - e01925
EP  - 19
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1128/JVI.01925-19
UR  - http://jvi.asm.org/content/94/4/e01925-19.abstract
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 2019 novel coronavirus: an emerging global threat
AU  - Columbus, Cristie
AU  - Brust, Karen B.
AU  - Arroliga, Alejandro C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The coronavirus (CoV) epidemic that began in China in December 2019 follows earlier epidemics of severe acute respiratory syndrome CoV in China and Middle East respiratory syndrome CoV in Saudi Arabia. The full genome of the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) has now been shared, and data have been gathered from several case series. As of February 11, 2020, there have been 45,182 laboratory-confirmed cases, the vast majority in China, with 1115 deaths, for an overall case-fatality rate of 2.5%. Cases have been confirmed in 27 countries. On average, each patient infects 2.2 other people. Symptomatic infection appears to predominantly affect adults, with a 5-day estimated incubation period between infection and symptom onset. The most common presenting symptoms are fever, cough, dyspnea, and myalgias and/or fatigue. All cases reported to date have shown radiographic evidence of pneumonia. 2019-nCoV is diagnosed by real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Treatment is largely supportive, with regimens including antiviral therapy. Corticosteroids are not routinely recommended. Hand hygiene, prompt identification and isolation of suspect patients, and appropriate use of personal protective equipment are the most reliable methods to contain the epidemic
JO  - Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/08998280.2020.1731272
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/08998280.2020.1731272
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Efficacy of orally administered porcine epidemic diarrhea vaccine-loaded hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate microspheres and RANKL-secreting L. lactis
AU  - Choe, SeEun
AU  - Song, Sok
AU  - Piao, Dachuan
AU  - Park, Gyu-Nam
AU  - Shin, Jihye
AU  - Choi, Yun-Jaie
AU  - Kang, Sang-Kee
AU  - Cha, Ra Mi
AU  - Hyun, Bang-Hun
AU  - Park, Bong-Kyun
AU  - An, Dong-Jun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Here, we examined the efficacy of are combinant subunit antigen-based oral vaccine for preventing porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV). First, we generated a soluble recombinant partial spike S1 protein (aP2) from PEDV in E. coli and then evaluated the utility of aP2 subunit vaccine-loaded hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate microspheres (HPMCP) and RANKL-secreting L. lactis (LLRANKL) as a candidate oral vaccine in pregnant sows. Pregnant sows were vaccinated twice (with a 2 week interval between doses) at 4 weeks before farrowing. Titers of virus-specific IgA antibodies in colostrum, and neutralizing antibodies in serum, of sows vaccinated with HPMCP (aP2) plus LL RANKL increased significantly at 4 weeks post-first vaccination. Furthermore, the survival rate of newborn suckling piglets delivered by sows vaccinated with HPMCP (aP2) plus LL RANKL was similar to that of piglets delivered by sows vaccinated with a commercial killed porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PED) vaccine. The South Korean government promotes a PED vaccine program (live-killed-killed) to increase the titers of IgA and IgG antibodies in pregnant sows and prevent PEDV. The oral vaccine strategy described herein, which is based on a safe and efficient recombinant subunit antigen, is an alternative PED vaccination strategy that could replace the traditional strategy, which relies on attenuated live oral vaccines or artificial infection with virulent PEDV.
JO  - Veterinary Microbiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 242
IS  - 
PG  - 108604
SP  - 108604
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2020.108604
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378113519312581
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - First case of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia in Taiwan
AU  - Cheng, Shao-Chung
AU  - Chang, Yuan-Chia
AU  - Fan Chiang, Yu-Long
AU  - Chien, Yu-Chan
AU  - Cheng, Mingte
AU  - Yang, Chin-Hua
AU  - Huang, Chia-Husn
AU  - Hsu, Yuan-Nian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - An outbreak of respiratory illness proved to be infected by a 2019 novel coronavirus, officially named Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), was notified first in Wuhan, China, and has spread rapidly in China and to other parts of the world. Herein, we reported the first confirmed case of novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) imported from China in Taiwan. This case report revealed a natural course of NCP with self-recovery, which may be a good example in comparison with medical treatments.
JO  - Journal of the Formosan Medical Association
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfma.2020.02.007
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0929664620300449
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Thoughts and suggestions on modern construction of disease prevention and control system
AU  - Cheng, J. Q.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The critical period for the prevention and control of novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) in China, in response to requirements for accelerating the modernization of the disease prevention and control system, we analyzed and summarized the current situation, existing problems, and deficiencies in China's modernization of disease prevention and control system. In addition, we put forward the contents and countermeasures for the modernization of the disease prevention and control system. The modernization of the disease prevention and control system should be built around governance modernization, talent modernization, equipment modernization, scientific research modernization, and modernization of the regulatory system. The countermeasures and suggestions need to reposition the disease prevention and control system, rationalize the management system and operating mechanism, strengthen the modernization of talents and equipment, strengthen scientific research on disease prevention and control, and further improve the disease prevention and control legal system.
JO  - Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 5
PG  - 1-5
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
AN  - 32100978
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20200221-00151
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32100978
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A time delay dynamic system with external source for the local outbreak of 2019-nCoV
AU  - Chen, Yu
AU  - Cheng, Jin
AU  - Jiang, Yu
AU  - Liu, Keji
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - How to model the 2019 CoronaVirus (2019-nCov) spread in China is one of the most urgent and interesting problems in applied mathematics. In this paper, we propose a novel time delay dynamic system with external source to describe the trend of local outbreak for the 2019-nCoV. The external source is introduced in the newly proposed dynamic system, which can be considered as the suspected people travel to different areas. The numerical simulations exhibit the dynamic system with the external source is more reliable than the one without it, and the rate of isolation is extremely important for controlling the increase of cumulative confirmed people of 2019-nCoV. Based on our numerical simulation results with the public data, we suggest that the local government should have some more strict measures to maintain the rate of isolation. Otherwise the local cumulative confirmed people of 2019-nCoV might be out of control.
JO  - Applicable Analysis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-12
SP  - 1
EP  - 12
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/00036811.2020.1732357
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/00036811.2020.1732357
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Treatment strategy for gastrointestinal tumor under the outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia in China
AU  - CHEN, Yonghe
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of the novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) has become a public health emergency in China. Chinese authorities and health agencies had devoted great efforts to control this disease. As surgeons specialized in the treatment of gastrointestinal tumors, we should always be aware of the prevention for NCP and incorporate this awareness into every detail of clinical practice. For the patients with gastrointestinal tumors, pre-admission screening should be done in order to rule out NCP. Real-time RT-PCR panel and chest CT scan should be conducted for patients with fever (&gt;37.3&#8451;), travel history to Hubei Province within 14 days, or contact history with residents from Wuhan district within 14 days. Prevention measures for both medical staffs and the screen-negative admitted patients should also be enhanced because false negative is possible. Medical instruments should be properly discarded or disinfected according to standardized procedures established by the local center for disease control and prevention (CDC). Surgical operation should be reduced at a minimal level to prevent cross infection in this special period.Surgical intervention for benign tumor should be postponed. For malignant tumor, multidisciplinary therapy (MDT) is recommended and non-surgical anti-tumor therapy should be selected with higher priority. Neoadjuvant therapy is highly recommended for gastrointestinal cancer at advanced stages that meet the indications of NCCN guideline (gastric cancer T stage &ge; 2/rectal cancer T stage &ge; 3/unresectable colon cancer). Gastric or esophagogastricjunction (EGJ) malignant tumor with obstruction can be managed with gastric tube decompression or stent placement to relieve the symptoms. Transnasal enteral feeding tube intubation/percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy could be adopted to ensure enteral nutrition supply. For colorectal malignancy with simple intestinal obstruction, stent placement can achieve a high success rate, which not only helps avoid emergency surgery, but also creates a better condition for subsequent surgery. Transcatheter arterial embolization for hemostasis is an alternative choice for gastrointestinal tumor with bleeding. However, emergency operation still must be performed for patients with acute uncontrolled bleeding, obstruction or after other alternative treatment measures fail. All cases with suspicious or confirmed with NCP must be reported to the local CDC department. All invasive intervention must be performed in a designated isolation area. Tertiary prevention measure must be adopted for all anesthetists with additional face mask or medical goggle protection to prevent respiratory droplet transmission. Preventive enterostomy is preferable in lower digestive tract surgery. Thoroughly disinfecting the operating room after surgery is necessary. Fever after surgery must be carefully differentiated whether it's caused by post-surgery abdominal infection/inflammation or NCP. Single-room isolation and related examinations should be performed according to the standard procedures. We believe that with the unprecedentedly joint efforts of doctors and patients, we will eventually win this war against NCP.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 23
IS  - 2
PG  - I-IV
SP  - I
EP  - IV
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The network investigation on knowledge, attitude and practice about Novel coronavirus pneumonia of the residents in Anhui Province
AU  - CHEN, Yan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To analyze the current situation of the knowledge, attitudes and practice about Novelcoronavirus pneumonia (NCP) of the residents in Anhui Province. Methods Anonymous network sampling survey was carried out with an electronic questionnaire that designed by the questionnaire star, and a total of 4016 subjects from Anhui province were investigated. The content of the survey includes that the basic information of subjects,the residents' knowledge, attitudes and practice about NCP, as well as their satisfaction with the prevention and control measures adopted by the government and health authorities and the suggestions on future prevention. The questionnaire doesn't involve any privacy information, and all questions were mandatory to ensure the response rate. Results The M(P 25 , P 75 )age the 4 016 subjects was 21 (19, 24) years old, and the ranging from 7 to 80 years old. The number of males was 1 431(35.6%). Social networking tools such as WeChat and QQ were the main sources of epidemic information for residents (97.8%, 3 929 respondents). Residents had higher awareness rate of cough (99.5%, n= 3 997) and fever(96.0%, n= 3 857) symptoms, the transmission by droplets (99.5%, n= 3 995), aerosol transmission (81.1%, n= 3 258), and contact transmission (92.3%, n= 3 708), but lower awareness of symptoms os muscle pain or fatigue (62.7%, n= 2 518). 92.6% of the subjects ( n= 3 720) think that the outbreak was scary. In terms of psychological behavior scores, the results showed that female (9.38&plusmn;4.81), the urban (9.37&plusmn;5.02) and the medical workers (10.79&plusmn;5.19) had a poorer mental health than the male (8.45&plusmn;5.00), the rural (8.71&plusmn;4.75) and the non-medical workers (the students: 8.85&plusmn;4.83; public institude workers: 9.02&plusmn;5.08; others: 8.97&plusmn;5.39) ( P &lt;0.05). 71.9% of the residents ( n= 2 887)were satisfied with the local epidemic control measures. The residents took various of the measures to prevent and control the epidemic. The ratio of residents that could achieve'no gathering and less going out','wear masks when going out'and'do not go to crowded and closed places'was up to 97.4% ( n= 3 913), 93.6% ( n= 3758) and 91.5% ( n= 3 673) respectively. Conclusion The residents in Anhui province have a good KAP about NCP, yet it is necessary to strengthen the community publicity, the mental health maintenance of residents and students' health education.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 4
PG  - E004-E004
SP  - E004
EP  - E004
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Key points for the prevention and treatment of the novel coronavirus pneumonia in the elderly
AU  - CHEN, Qiong
AU  - YU, Weiwei
AU  - WANG, Lijing
AU  - XI, Huan
AU  - ZHANG, Qiang
AU  - CHEN, Xinyu
AU  - HUANG, Kui
AU  - LU, Xiang
AU  - LIU, Xinmin
AU  - ZHANG, Cuntai
AU  - WANG, Jianye
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The population is commonly susceptible to the 2019 novel coronavirus(2019-nCoV), especially the elderly with comorbidities.Elderly patients infected with 2019-nCoV tend to have higher rates of severe illnesses and mortality.Immunoaging is an important cause of severe novel coronavirus pneumonia(NCP)in the elderly.Due to the combination of underlying diseases, elderly patients may exhibit a typical manifestations in clinical symptoms, supplementary examinations and pulmonary imaging, deserving particular attention.The general condition of the elderly should be considered during diagnosis and treatment.In addition to routine care and measures such as oxygen therapy, antiviral therapy and respiratory support, treatment of underlying disease, nutritional support, sputum expectoration, complication prevention and psychological support should also be considered for elderly patients.Based on literature review and expert panel discussion, we drafted the Key Points for the Prevention and Treatment of the Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia in the elderly, aiming to provide help with the prevention and treatment of NCP and the reduction of harm to the elderly population.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Geriatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 39
IS  - 2
PG  - 113-118
SP  - 113
EP  - 118
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Efficacies of lopinavir/ritonavir and abidol in the treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - CHEN, Jun
AU  - LING, Yun
AU  - XI, Xiuhong
AU  - LIU, Ping
AU  - LI, Feng
AU  - LI, Tao
AU  - SHANG, Zhiyin
AU  - WANG, Mei
AU  - SHEN, Yinzhong
AU  - LU, Hongzhou
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To evaluate the efficacies of lopinavir/ritonavir and abidol in the treatment of NCP. Methods The clinical data of 134 patients with NCP receiving treatment at Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center during Jan 20 to Feb 6, 2020 were retrospectively collected. All the patients received interferon-&alpha;2b spray and symptomatic supportive treatment, and 52 cases received oral lopinavir/ritonavir treatment, 34 cases received oral abidol treatment, the remaining 48 cases did not take any antiviral drugs. The efficacies at median day 7 among the three groups were compared by using Kruskal-Wallis or chi-square tests. Results The 134 patients included 69 males (51.5%) and 65 females, aged 35-62 years with the average of 48 years. The median time to temperature normalization in patients receiving abidol or lopinavir/ritonavir treatment was both 6 days after admission, and that was 4 days in the control group, with no significant difference ( &chi; 2 = 2.37, P =0.31). The median time to PCR negative in the respiratory specimens in the three groups was all 7 days after admission, and the PCR negative rates at day 7 after admission in lopinavir/ritonavir, abidol and control groups were 71.8% (28/39), 82.6% (19/23) and 77.1% (27/35), respectively, which were not significantly different ( &chi; 2 = 0.46 , P =0.79). Radiological worsening at day 7 was observed in comparable proportions of patients in the three groups, which were 42.3% ( n =22), 35.3% ( n =12) and 52.1% ( n =25), respectively ( &chi; 2 = 2.38, P =0.30) . Adverse reactions occurred in 17.3% ( n =9), 8.8% ( n =3) and 8.3% ( n =4) patients, respectively in the three groups ( &chi; 2 = 2.33, P =0.33). Conclusions This study did not find any effects of lopinavir/ritonavir and abidol on relieving symptoms or accelerating virus clearance. The efficacies of these two drugs in NCP treatment need further investigation.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 38
IS  - 0
PG  - E008-E008
SP  - E008
EP  - E008
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Emergency management practice of novel coronavirus pneumonia in designated hospitals
AU  - CHEN, Changgui
AU  - ZHANG, Songping
AU  - HUANG, Xiaohua
AU  - HUANG, Jinsong
AU  - CAI, Zhaobin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - At present, we are fighting against the outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) in China. For the purposes of diagnosis and treatment of NCP patients, Hangzhou Xixi Hospital, as a designated hospital, make available the wards quickly, initiated the management system of public health emergencies, and established a 'tolerate admission- strict discharge' patients management program. Meanwhile, the hospital has established an emergency supply and coordinated distribution mechanism for medical protection materials, and a full-system and multi-model training system, ensuring smooth progress of the diagnosis and treatment work.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Hospital Administration
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 36
IS  - 0
PG  - E004-E004
SP  - E004
EP  - E004
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Strategy of hospital logistic support to the battle against novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - CHEN, Changgui
AU  - XUAN, Junfang
AU  - HUANG, Xiaohua
AU  - SHOU, Hongyan
AU  - FU, Jinhong
AU  - WANG, Gongyi
AU  - CAI, Zhaobin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Nowadays hospitals have been at the forefront fighting against novel coronavirus pneumonia, with diagnosing and treating of patients as a top priority. In order to ensure the smooth progress of diagnosis and treatment, and prevent the occurrence of nosocomial infection, logistics support needs to make allowances for the isolation ward in time from the perspectives of logistics, facilities and equipment, and to transform the in-and-out double channels of ward access as required, thus setting up the partition of the three zones. Secondly, logistics support needs to optimize the logistics service workflow, including the medical waste management, the environmental disinfection isolation, and to optimize the catering service within hospitals to reduce the gathering and flow of personnel. Thirdly, logistics support needs to increase personnel training, and to eliminate psychological panic as well as to stabilize the logistics support team by putting logistics management cadres on the front line. Meanwhile, the logistics department needs to take over the hospital access screening work, strictly manage those who enter the hospital, maximize the safety and reliability of the logistics support within the hospital, and ensure the smooth progress of the epidemic prevention work.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Hospital Administration
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 36
IS  - 0
PG  - E002-E002
SP  - E002
EP  - E002
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: rapid review of the evidence
AU  - Brooks, Samantha K.
AU  - Webster, Rebecca K.
AU  - Smith, Louise E.
AU  - Woodland, Lisa
AU  - Wessely, Simon
AU  - Greenberg, Neil
AU  - Rubin, Gideon James
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - The December, 2019 coronavirus disease outbreak has seen many countries ask people who have potentially come into contact with the infection to isolate themselves at home or in a dedicated quarantine facility. Decisions on how to apply quarantine should be based on the best available evidence. We did a Review of the psychological impact of quarantine using three electronic databases. Of 3166 papers found, 24 are included in this Review. Most reviewed studies reported negative psychological effects including post-traumatic stress symptoms, confusion, and anger. Stressors included longer quarantine duration, infection fears, frustration, boredom, inadequate supplies, inadequate information, financial loss, and stigma. Some researchers have suggested long-lasting effects. In situations where quarantine is deemed necessary, officials should quarantine individuals for no longer than required, provide clear rationale for quarantine and information about protocols, and ensure sufficient supplies are provided. Appeals to altruism by reminding the public about the benefits of quarantine to wider society can be favourable.
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30460-8
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30460-8
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Severe SARS-CoV-2 infections: practical considerations and management strategy for intensivists
AU  - Bouadma, Lila
AU  - Lescure, Francois-Xavier
AU  - Yazdanpanah, Yazdan
AU  - Timsit, Jean-Francois
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Etiological agent and epidemiology The new agent causing this pneumonia, a coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), was identified and sequenced [3] and diagnostic tests were developed [4]. On January 30, 2020, the World Health Organization issued a worldwide public health alert on the emergence of a new epidemic viral disease. On February 3, 2020, 17,391 confirmed cases (153 cases outside of China) have been reported (https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/situation-reports/). The overall mortality rate of affected patients is difficult to assess at this time, because of the lack of a reliable denominator. Severe forms represent 14% of the reported cases, and the overall mortality is around 2% of the confirmed cases. To date, 153 cases have been reported in 23 countries outside China (overall, 24 cases in Europe), most of them being imported cases: tourists coming from China, or China-originating persons returning to their country of residence after traveling to visit family in Wuhan or other Chinese regions. In Europe, at least three cases in Germany and one case in France involved patients with no history of travel to China. The German case occurred after exposure to an asymptomatic contact coming from China [5].AU - Lucet, Jean-Christophe
JO  - Intensive Care Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00134-020-05967-x
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-020-05967-x
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Application of the ARIMA model on the COVID-2019 epidemic dataset
AU  - Benvenuto, Domenico
AU  - Giovanetti, Marta
AU  - Vassallo, Lazzaro
AU  - Angeletti, Silvia
AU  - Ciccozzi, Massimo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-2019) has been recognized as a global threat, and several studies are being conducted using various mathematical models to predict the probable evolution of this epidemic. These mathematical models based on various factors and analyses are subject to potential bias. Here, we propose a simple econometric model that could be useful to predict the spread of COVID-2019. We performed Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model prediction on the Johns Hopkins epidemiological data to predict the epidemiological trend of the prevalence and incidence of COVID-2019. For further comparison or for future perspective, case definition and data collection have to be maintained in real time.
JO  - Data in Brief
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 105340
SP  - 105340
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2020.105340
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352340920302341
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The 2019‐new coronavirus epidemic: Evidence for virus evolution
AU  - Benvenuto, Domenico
AU  - Giovanetti, Marta
AU  - Ciccozzi, Alessandra
AU  - Spoto, Silvia
AU  - Angeletti, Silvia
AU  - Ciccozzi, Massimo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - There is a worldwide concern about the new coronavirus 2019‐nCoV as a global public health threat. In this article, we provide a preliminary evolutionary and molecular epidemiological analysis of this new virus. A phylogenetic tree has been built using the 15 available whole genome sequences of 2019‐nCoV, 12 whole genome sequences of 2019‐nCoV, and 12 highly similar whole genome sequences available in gene bank (five from the severe acute respiratory syndrome, two from Middle East respiratory syndrome, and five from bat SARS‐like coronavirus). Fast unconstrained Bayesian approximation analysis shows that the nucleocapsid and the spike glycoprotein have some sites under positive pressure, whereas homology modeling revealed some molecular and structural differences between the viruses. The phylogenetic tree showed that 2019‐nCoV significantly clustered with bat SARS‐like coronavirus sequence isolated in 2015, whereas structural analysis revealed mutation in Spike Glycoprotein and nucleocapsid protein. From these results, the new 2019‐nCoV is distinct from SARS virus, probably trasmitted from bats after mutation conferring ability to infect humans.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 92
IS  - 4
PG  - 455-459
SP  - 455
EP  - 459
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25688
UR  - https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/bpl/jmv/2020/00000092/00000004/art00010 https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25688
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Analysis of the first cluster of cases in a family of novel coronavirus pneumonia in Gansu Province
AU  - Bai, Shaoli
AU  - Wang, Jianyun
AU  - Zhou, Yingquan
AU  - Yu, Desheng
AU  - Gao, Xiaomin
AU  - Li, Lingling
AU  - Yang, Fan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The epidemiological history and clinical characteristics of 7 cases of COVID-19 and 1 case of close contact in the first family aggregation epidemic of COVID-19 in Gansu Province were analyzed. The first patient A developed on January 22, 2020, with a history of residence in Wuhan, and confirmed severe cases of NCP on January 24, 2020; patient B, on January 23, 2020, diagnosed on January 31, severe cases; patient C, asymptomatic, diagnosed on January 27; patient D, asymptomatic, diagnosed on January 27; patient E, on January 24, diagnosed on January 28; patient F, asymptomatic, diagnosed on January 31; Patient G was asymptomatic and was diagnosed on January 31. In close contact, H was asymptomatic, PCR test was negative and asymptomatic, and he was discharged early. Among the 7 patients, 1 case died of (B) aggravation, and the other patients' condition was effectively controlled after active treatment. Except for the discharged cases, 5 cases were positive for COVID-19 specific IgM antibody and 1 case was negative. In this clustering outbreak, 4 patients remained asymptomatic, but PCR and IgM antibodies were positive, indicating that asymptomatic patients may be the key point to control the epidemic. Specific IgM antibody screening for patients whose pharyngeal swab nucleic acid test is negative but with ground glass-like lung lesions is very important for early detection and early isolation.;
JO  - Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 0
PG  - E005-E005
SP  - E005
EP  - E005
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19, Australia: Epidemiology Report 4 (Reporting week ending 19:00 AEDT 22 February 2020)
AU  - Team, Covid- National Incident Room Surveillance
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This is the fourth epidemiological report for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), reported in Australia as at 19:00 Australian Eastern Daylight Time [AEDT] 22 February 2020. It includes data on COVID-19 cases diagnosed in Australia, the international situation and a review of current evidence.
JO  - Commun Dis Intell (2018)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 44
IS  - 
PG  - 10.33321/cdi.2020.44.17
SP  - 10.33321/cdi.2020.44.17
EP  - 
AN  - 32098616
DO  - 10.33321/cdi.2020.44.17
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32098616
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - De-isolating COVID-19 Suspect Cases: A Continuing Challenge
AU  - Tay, Jun-Yang
AU  - Lim, Poh Lian
AU  - Marimuthu, Kalisvar
AU  - Sadarangani, Sapna Pradip
AU  - Ling, Li Min
AU  - Ang, Brenda Sze Peng
AU  - Chan, Monica
AU  - Leo, Yee-Sin
AU  - Vasoo, Shawn
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As of 15 February 2020, Singapore had screened a total of 991 suspect cases for COVID-19, of which 72 cases tested positive, 812 cases tested negative, while the remaining 107 had pending results.(1) Besides optimising sample type to increase yield, (2) the challenge in clinical management of suspect cases lies in deciding whether they may be de-isolated or if further isolation and repeat testing is required. No single indicator may be effectively used to decide on de-isolation of a suspect case. In our series of positive cases, samples from one suspect case only returned positive on the fifth repeated sample (nasopharyngeal swab), on the seventh day of clinical illness. Current evidence suggests that transmission of COVID-19 may be possible even from asymptomatic contacts,(3) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing may not return positive initially. (4) Our suspect case was kept isolated because of a high index of clinical suspicion, with a clinically compatible illness and history of close contact with a laboratory-proven COVID-19 case. While multiplex respiratory virus panels, in general, may be helpful in the evaluation of other viral acute respiratory infections (ARIs), even the detection of an alternate respiratory pathogen may not definitively exclude COVID-19 infection. Dual infections can occur in 10- 20% of viral acute respiratory infections, as has been reported with SARS-CoV and MERSCoV. (5) In our case series, one patient with confirmed COVID-19 by nasopharyngeal aspirate also exhibited clinical symptoms compatible with dengue fever. This was laboratory confirmed by dengue NS1 antigen test. (PL Lim, personal communication).
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa179
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa179
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Advantages and challenges of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in the detection of 2019 novel coronavirus
AU  - TAO, Yue
AU  - FU, Qihua
AU  - MO, Xi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As one of the two methods for 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), gene sequencing is different from quantitative real-time PCR (RT-PCR) in detection principles. Therefore, gene sequencing has its own pros and cons in clinical application. Currently, metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) is the most commonly used technology in clinical application. Due to its broad coverage of all types of pathogens, mNGS demonstrates incomparable advantage in rapid identification of novel pathogens such as 2019-nCoV. In addition, it can simultaneously identify other pathogens except 2019-nCoV and mixed infections. On the other hand, however, due to the complexity of mNGS and long detection time, it is unlikely to achieve the purpose of wide-range and rapid diagnosis of 2019 n-CoV. Therefore, mNGS can complement RT-PCR to achieve best clinical application.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Laboratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 0
PG  - E008-E008
SP  - E008
EP  - E008
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Genetic characterization and phylogenetic analysis of porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) in Shandong Province, China
AU  - Sun, Wenchao
AU  - Wang, Li
AU  - Huang, Haixin
AU  - Wang, Wei
AU  - Cao, Liang
AU  - Zhang, Jinyong
AU  - Zheng, Min
AU  - Lu, Huijun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is the etiological agent of acute diarrhoea and vomiting in pigs, threatening the swine industry worldwide. Although several PDCoV studies have been conducted in China, more sequence information is needed to understand the molecular characterization of PDCoV. In this study, the partial ORF1a, spike protein (S) and nucleocapsid protein (N) were sequenced from Shandong Province between 2017 and 2018. The sequencing results for the S protein from 10 PDCoV strains showed 96.7 %–99.7 % nucleotide sequence identity with the China lineage strains, while sharing a lower level of nucleotide sequence identity, ranging from 95.7 to 96.8%, with the Vietnam/Laos/Thailand lineage strains. N protein sequencing analysis showed that these strains showed nucleotide homologies of 97.3%–99.3% with the reference strains. Phylogenetic analyses based on S protein sequences showed that these PDCoV strains were classified into the China lineage. The discontinuous 2 + 3 aa deletions at 400–401 and 758–760 were found in the Nsp2 and Nsp3 coding region in five strains, respectively, with similar deletions having been identified in Vietnam, Thailand, and Laos. Three novel patterns of deletion were observed for the first time in the Nsp2 and Nsp3 regions. Importantly, those findings suggest that PDCoV may have undergone a high degree of variation since PDCoV was first detected in China.
JO  - Virus Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 278
IS  - 
PG  - 197869
SP  - 197869
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virusres.2020.197869
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168170219306276
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - World Health Organization declares Global Emergency: A review of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19)
AU  - Sohrabi, Catrin
AU  - Alsafi, Zaid
AU  - O’Neill, Niamh
AU  - Khan, Mehdi
AU  - Kerwan, Ahmed
AU  - Al-Jabir, Ahmed
AU  - Iosifidis, Christos
AU  - Agha, Riaz
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - An unprecedented outbreak of pneumonia of unknown aetiology in Wuhan City, Hubei province in China emerged in December of 2019. A novel coronavirus was identified as the causative agent and was subsequently termed COVID-19 by the World Health Organization (WHO). Considered a relative of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), COVID-19 is a betacoronavirus that affects the lower respiratory tract and manifests as pneumonia in humans. Despite rigorous global containment and quarantine efforts, the incidence of COVID-19 continues to rise, with 50,580 laboratory-confirmed cases and 1,526 deaths worldwide. In response to this global outbreak, we summarise the current state of knowledge surrounding COVID-19.
JO  - International Journal of Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.02.034
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1743919120301977
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - What are the highlights of "Diagnosis and treatment of Disease 2019 novel coronavirus infection suitable for Military support Hubei medical team"
AU  - Shi, Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Thousands of medical workers in the Military support Hubei medical team are exerting themselves in many hospitals in Hubei Province. They are diligent in treating patients, at the same time, they constantly summarize experience and combine the characteristics of military hospitals. According to " the Diagnosis and Treatment of New Coronavirus Pneumonia "(6th edition) of the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, a new guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of 2019 novel coronavirus infection suitable for the military (first trial version) was established. Some unique opinions and suggestions are put forward in terms of disease name, diagnosis criteria, antiviral treatment, glucocorticoid application, etc. This article will make a proper interpretation in order to understand the guideline better and help guide the diagnosis and treatment of diseases.
JO  - Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 0
PG  - E025-E025
SP  - E025
EP  - E025
AN  - 32098466
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20200225-00183
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32098466
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Effect of TLR agonist on infections bronchitis virus replication and cytokine expression in embryonated chicken eggs
AU  - Sharma, Bal Krishan
AU  - Kakker, Naresh Kumar
AU  - Bhadouriya, Sakshi
AU  - Chhabra, Rajesh
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Avian infectious bronchitis (IB) is an acute, highly infectious and contagious viral disease of chickens caused by avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) belonging to the genus Coronavirus and family Coronaviridae. It can affect all age groups of birds. The toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a major class of innate immune pattern recognition receptors that have a key role in immune response and defense against various infections.The TLRs are essential for initiation of innate immune responses and in the development of adaptive immune responses. An in ovo model was employed to study the antiviral activity of TLR ligands (Pam3CSK4, LPS and CpG ODN) on replication of IBV. It was hypothesized that optimum dose and specific timing of TLR ligands may reduce viral load of IBV in specific pathogen free (SPF) embryonated chicken eggs (ECEs). Further, the mechanism involved in the TLR-mediated antiviral response in chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of ECEs was investigated. The ECEs of 9–11 days old were treated with different doses (high, intermediate and low) of TLR-2 (Pam3CSK4), TLR-4 (LPS) and TLR-21 (CpG ODN) ligands. In addition, to know the timing of TLR ligand treatment, six time intervals were analyzed viz. 36, 24 and 12 h prior to infection, time of infection (co-administration of TLR ligands and avian IBV) and 12 and 24 h post-IBV infection. For studying the relative expression of immuno-stimulatory genes (IFN-α, IFN-β, IFN-γ, IL-1β, iNOS and OAS) in CAM, TLR ligands were administered through intra-allantoicroute and CAM were collected at 4, 8 and 16 h post treatment. The results demonstrated that intermediate dose of all the three TLR ligands significantly reduced virus titers and used in the present study. However, the LPS reduced virus titer pre- and post-IBV infection but Pam3CSK4 and CpG ODN reduced only pre-IBV infection. Further analysis showed that TLR ligands induced IFN-γ, IL-1β and IFN stimulated genes viz. iNOS and OAS genes in CAM. The present study pointed towards the novel opportunities for rational design of LPS as immuno-stimulatory agent in chickens with reference to IBV. It may be speculated that in ovo administration of these TLR ligands may enhance resistance against viral infection in neonatal chicken and may contribute towards the development of more effective and safer vaccines including in ovo vaccines.
JO  - Molecular Immunology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 120
IS  - 
PG  - 52-60
SP  - 52
EP  - 60
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molimm.2020.02.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0161589019306418
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Audio Interview: Preparing for the Spread of Covid-19
AU  - Rubin, Eric J.
AU  - Baden, Lindsey R.
AU  - Morrissey, Stephen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - N Engl J Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 382
IS  - 9
PG  - e18-e18
SP  - e18
EP  - e18
AN  - 32101683
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMe2003319
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32101683
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The epidemiology and pathogenesis of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak
AU  - Rothan, Hussin A.
AU  - Byrareddy, Siddappa N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is caused by SARS-COV2 and represents the causative agent of a potentially fatal disease that is of great global public health concern. Based on the large number of infected people that were exposed to the wet animal market in Wuhan City, China, it is suggested that this is likely the zoonotic origin of COVID-19. Person-to-person transmission of COVID-19 infection led to the isolation of patients that were subsequently administered a variety of treatments. Extensive measures to reduce person-to-person transmission of COVID-19 have been implemented to control the current outbreak. Special attention and efforts to protect or reduce transmission should be applied in susceptible populations including children, health care providers, and elderly people. In this review, we highlights the symptoms, epidemiology, transmission, pathogenesis, phylogenetic analysis and future directions to control the spread of this fatal disease.
JO  - Journal of Autoimmunity
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 102433
SP  - 102433
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaut.2020.102433
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0896841120300469
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The report of two cases infection with novel coronavirus (2019-ncov) after kidney transplantation and the association literature analyzation
AU  - QIU, Tao
AU  - WANG, Jingyue
AU  - ZHOU, Jiangqiao
AU  - ZOU, Jilin
AU  - CHEN, Zhongbao
AU  - MA, Xiaoxiong
AU  - ZHANG, Long
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To investigate the clinical experience of patients with novel coronavirus (2019-ncov) infection after kidney transplantation. Method Clinical data of two patients with 2019-nCoV infection after renal transplantationin Jan 2020 Renmin Hospital of Wuhan Universiyt were retrospectively analyzed.Case 1 was a 48-year-old male with CMV pneumonia secondary to 2019-nCoV infection at 4 months after transplantation. CT imaging showed multiple patchy ground-glass images of both lungs. Case 2 was a 59-year-old male, who was screened positive for 2019-nCoV nucleic acid due to fever at 9 days after renal transplantation and showed no clinical manifestations of pneumonia. After diagnosis, case 1 was transferred to a designated hospital for isolation. Treatment regimens: cefoperazone sulbactam sodium + linezolid to resist infection, gamma globulin to enhance immunity function, methylprednisolone to control inflammatory response, antiviral regimens including arbidol tablets + lopina-velitonavir tablets. Case 2 was treated with isolated treatment in a single room. The treatment plan included anti-infection (cefoperazone sulbactam sodium), enhancing immunity function (gamma globulin), antivirus therapy with arbidol and other symptomatic treatment. Result Follow up with 3 weeks, case 1 recovered with renal dysfunction, nucleic acid test with nasopharyngeal swabs turned negative, and pulmonary imaging improved. Case 2 showed no obvious clinical symptoms, and the nucleic acid test of nasopharyngeal swabs turned negative for 3 times. Conclusion Renal transplant recipients should receive fine protection to avoid exposure to high-risk environments. Diagnosis should be defined with combination of clinical manifestations, nucleic acid test and pulmonary imaging. At present, there are no antiviral drugs and symptomatic treatment is the main choice.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Organ Transplantation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 0
PG  - E004-E004
SP  - E004
EP  - E004
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Distinct Roles for Sialoside and Protein Receptors in Coronavirus Infection
AU  - Qing, Enya
AU  - Hantak, Michael
AU  - Perlman, Stanley
AU  - Gallagher, Tom
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronaviruses (CoVs) are common human and animal pathogens that can transmit zoonotically and cause severe respiratory disease syndromes. CoV infection requires spike proteins, which bind viruses to host cell receptors and catalyze virus-cell membrane fusion. Several CoV strains have spike proteins with two receptor-binding domains, an S1A that engages host sialic acids and an S1B that recognizes host transmembrane proteins. As this bivalent binding may enable broad zoonotic CoV infection, we aimed to identify roles for each receptor in distinct infection stages. Focusing on two betacoronaviruses, murine JHM-CoV and human Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), we found that virus particle binding to cells was mediated by sialic acids; however, the transmembrane protein receptors were required for a subsequent virus infection. These results favored a two-step process in which viruses first adhere to sialic acids and then require subsequent engagement with protein receptors during infectious cell entry. However, sialic acids sufficiently facilitated the later stages of virus spread through cell-cell membrane fusion, without requiring protein receptors. This virus spread in the absence of the prototype protein receptors was increased by adaptive S1A mutations. Overall, these findings reveal roles for sialic acids in virus-cell binding, viral spike protein-directed cell-cell fusion, and resultant spread of CoV infections.IMPORTANCE CoVs can transmit from animals to humans to cause serious disease. This zoonotic transmission uses spike proteins, which bind CoVs to cells with two receptor-binding domains. Here, we identified the roles for the two binding processes in the CoV infection process. Binding to sialic acids promoted infection and also supported the intercellular expansion of CoV infections through syncytial development. Adaptive mutations in the sialic acid-binding spike domains increased the intercellular expansion process. These findings raise the possibility that the lectin-like properties of many CoVs contribute to facile zoonotic transmission and intercellular spread within infected organisms.
JO  - mBio
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 11
IS  - 1
PG  - e02764-19
SP  - e02764
EP  - 19
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1128/mBio.02764-19
UR  - http://mbio.asm.org/content/11/1/e02764-19.abstract
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Management strategy of oral mucosal diseases during the epidemic of Corona Virus Disease 2019
AU  - Qianming, L. I. U. Ch⁃ uanxia
AU  - Ji, F. U.
AU  - Hong, H. E.
AU  - Yilong, H. A. O.
AU  - Chen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID⁃19) has broke out in 29 countries and regions in the world in a short period since December 2019. Various measures of prevention and control have been taken all over China. At present, the epidemic situation shows a positive trend, however, there are still a few new comfirmed cases in some area of China. So the job and thinking of epidemic prevention still cannot be relaxed. As an important specialty of stomatology, the risk of cross infection is high in oral medicine. Establishing an effective system of pre⁃inspection and triage and adopting strict measures of prevention and control are essential. According to the prevention and control situation of COVID⁃19, the characteristics of hospital infection, pre examination, protective measures, the home management strategies of oral mucosal diseases during the epidemic period and the differential diagnosis between COVID⁃19 and common oral muco⁃ sal diseases with fever were summarized and recommended in this paper.
JO  - 口腔疾病防治
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 28
IS  - 3
PG  - 178-183
SP  - 178
EP  - 183
AN  - 
DO  - 10.12016/j.issn.2096⁃1456.2020.03.008
UR  - https://doaj.org/article/53d496ae54424ca58339c7da99bdbe54
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Asymptomatic coronavirus infection: MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)
AU  - Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101608
SP  - 101608
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101608
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893920300752
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 2019-novel Coronavirus severe adult respiratory distress syndrome in two cases in Italy: An uncommon radiological presentation
AU  - Albarello, Fabrizio
AU  - Pianura, Elisa
AU  - Di Stefano, Federica
AU  - Cristofaro, Massimo
AU  - Petrone, Ada
AU  - Marchioni, Luisa
AU  - Palazzolo, Claudia
AU  - Schininà, Vincenzo
AU  - Nicastri, Emanuele
AU  - Petrosillo, Nicola
AU  - Campioni, Paolo
AU  - Petersen, Eskild
AU  - Zumla, Alimuddin
AU  - Ippolito, Giuseppe
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Introduction Several recent case reports have described common early chest imaging findings of lung pathology caused by 2019 novel Coronavirus (SARS-COV2) which appear to be similar to those seen previously in SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV infected patients. Objective We present some remarkable imaging findings of the first two patients identified in Italy with COVID-19 infection travelling from Wuhan, China. The follow-up with chest X-Rays and CT scans was also included, showing a progressive adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Results Moderate to severe progression of the lung infiltrates, with increasing percentage of high-density infiltrates sustained by a bilateral and multi-segmental extension of lung opacities, were seen. During the follow-up, apart from pleural effusions, a tubular and enlarged appearance of pulmonary vessels with a sudden caliber reduction was seen, mainly found in the dichotomic tracts, where the center of a new insurgent pulmonary lesion was seen. It could be an early alert radiological sign to predict initial lung deterioration. Another uncommon element was the presence of mediastinal lymphadenopathy with short-axis oval nodes. Conclusions Although only two patients have been studied, these findings are consistent with the radiological pattern described in literature. Finally, the pulmonary vessels enlargement in areas where new lung infiltrates develop in the follow-up CT scan, could describe an early predictor radiological sign of lung impairment.
JO  - International Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.02.043
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971220301016
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Comparative Serological Study for the Prevalence of Anti-MERS Coronavirus Antibodies in High- and Low-Risk Groups in Qatar
AU  - Al Kahlout, Reham A.
AU  - Nasrallah, Gheyath K.
AU  - Farag, Elmoubasher A.
AU  - Wang, Lingshu
AU  - Lattwein, Erik
AU  - Müller, Marcel A.
AU  - El Zowalaty, Mohamed E.
AU  - Al Romaihi, Hamad E.
AU  - Graham, Barney S.
AU  - Al Thani, Asmaa A.
AU  - Yassine, Hadi M.
PY  - 2019
PD  - 
N2  - Infection with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) could be asymptomatic or cause mild influenza-like illness. Therefore, the prevalence of MERS-CoV infections in the general population could be underestimated, which necessitates active surveillance to determine the epidemiological importance of asymptomatic cases. The aim of this study is to evaluate the performance of various serological assays and to estimate the seroprevalence of anti-MERS-CoV antibodies in high- and low-risk groups in Qatar. A total of 4858 samples were screened, including 4719 samples collected from healthy blood donors (BD) over a period of five years (2012-2016), 135 samples from baseline case contacts (CC) collected from individuals in close contact with three positive PCR-confirmed patients (CP), and four samples from MERS-CoV CP. Initial screening using anti-MERS-CoV IgG (IgG rS1-ELISA kit) revealed ten reactive samples from BD (10/4719, 0.21%), one from CC (1/135, 0.74%), and three from CP (3/4, 75%). Samples from CP but not from BD were also reactive by whole-virus anti-MERS-CoV IgG (n = 3/4) and IgM (n = 1/4) indirect immunefluorescent tests (IIFT) and pseudoparticle neutralization test (ppNT). The reactive sample from CC was also confirmed by ppNT. Surprisingly, one out of thirteen (7.7%) randomly selected IgG rS1-ELISA-negative BD samples from the initial screening was reactive by the IgM-IIFT (but not by the IgG-IIFT) and was subsequently confirmed by ppNT. All IgG rS1-ELISA-reactive samples from BD exhibited considerable reactivity to the four circulating human coronaviruses (HKU1, OC43, 229E, and NL63). Cross-reactivity with SARS was only reported for samples from CP using IgG and IgM-IIFT. In conclusion, we report a low prevalence of anti-MERS antibodies in the general population, which coincides with the low number of all reported cases by the time of our study (2017) in Qatar (n = 21). The false-positive results and the observed cross-reactivity between MERS-CoV and other circulating human coronavirus necessitate more detailed evaluation of available serological assays.
JO  - Journal of Immunology Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-8
SP  - 1
EP  - 8
AN  - 134769660. Language: English. Entry Date: In Process. Revision Date: 20190804. Publication Type: journal article. Journal Subset: Biomedical
DO  - 10.1155/2019/1386740
UR  - http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=cin20&AN=134769660&site=ehost-live
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) Infection: Chest CT Findings
AU  - Ajlan, Amr M.
AU  - Ahyad, Rayan A.
AU  - Jamjoom, Lamia Ghazi
AU  - Alharthy, Ahmed
AU  - Madani, Tariq A.
PY  - 2014
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - American Journal of Roentgenology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 203
IS  - 4
PG  - 782-787
SP  - 782
EP  - 787
AN  - 107828306. Language: English. Entry Date: 20141128. Revision Date: 20150712. Publication Type: Journal Article
DO  - 10.2214/AJR.14.13021
UR  - http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=cin20&AN=107828306&site=ehost-live
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Correlation of Chest CT and RT-PCR Testing in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China: A Report of 1014 Cases
AU  - Ai, Tao
AU  - Yang, Zhenlu
AU  - Hou, Hongyan
AU  - Zhan, Chenao
AU  - Chen, Chong
AU  - Lv, Wenzhi
AU  - Tao, Qian
AU  - Sun, Ziyong
AU  - Xia, Liming
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background Chest CT is used for diagnosis of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), as an important complement to the reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) tests. Purpose To investigate the diagnostic value and consistency of chest CT as compared with comparison to RT-PCR assay in COVID-19. Methods From January 6 to February 6, 2020, 1014 patients in Wuhan, China who underwent both chest CT and RT-PCR tests were included. With RT-PCR as reference standard, the performance of chest CT in diagnosing COVID-19 was assessed. Besides, for patients with multiple RT-PCR assays, the dynamic conversion of RT-PCR results (negative to positive, positive to negative, respectively) was analyzed as compared with serial chest CT scans for those with time-interval of 4 days or more. Results Of 1014 patients, 59% (601/1014) had positive RT-PCR results, and 88% (888/1014) had positive chest CT scans. The sensitivity of chest CT in suggesting COVID-19 was 97% (95%CI, 95-98%, 580/601 patients) based on positive RT-PCR results. In patients with negative RT-PCR results, 75% (308/413) had positive chest CT findings; of 308, 48% were considered as highly likely cases, with 33% as probable cases. By analysis of serial RT-PCR assays and CT scans, the mean interval time between the initial negative to positive RT-PCR results was 5.1 ± 1.5 days; the initial positive to subsequent negative RT-PCR result was 6.9 ± 2.3 days). 60% to 93% of cases had initial positive CT consistent with COVID-19 prior (or parallel) to the initial positive RT-PCR results. 42% (24/57) cases showed improvement in follow-up chest CT scans before the RT-PCR results turning negative. Conclusion Chest CT has a high sensitivity for diagnosis of COVID-19. Chest CT may be considered as a primary tool for the current COVID-19 detection in epidemic areas.
JO  - Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 200642-200642
SP  - 200642
EP  - 200642
AN  - 32101510
DO  - 10.1148/radiol.2020200642
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32101510
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: Zoonotic aspects
AU  - Ahmad, Tauseef
AU  - Khan, Muhammad
AU  - Haroon
AU  - Musa, Taha Hussein
AU  - Nasir, Saima
AU  - Hui, Jin
AU  - Bonilla-Aldana, D. Katterine
AU  - Rodriguez-Morales, Alfonso J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101607
SP  - 101607
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101607
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893920300740
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Evaluation of serologic and antigenic relationships between middle eastern respiratory syndrome coronavirus and other coronaviruses to develop vaccine platforms for the rapid response to emerging coronaviruses
AU  - Agnihothram, Sudhakar
AU  - Gopal, Robin
AU  - Yount Jr, Boyd L.
AU  - Donaldson, Eric F.
AU  - Menachery, Vineet D.
AU  - Graham, Rachel L.
AU  - Scobey, Trevor D.
AU  - Gralinski, Lisa E.
AU  - Denison, Mark R.
AU  - Zambon, Maria
AU  - Baric, Ralph S.
AU  - Yount, Boyd L., Jr.
PY  - 2014
PD  - 
N2  - Background: Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) emerged in 2012, causing severe acute respiratory disease and pneumonia, with 44% mortality among 136 cases to date. Design of vaccines to limit the virus spread or diagnostic tests to track newly emerging strains requires knowledge of antigenic and serologic relationships between MERS-CoV and other CoVs.Methods:  Using synthetic genomics and Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus replicons (VRPs) expressing spike and nucleocapsid proteins from MERS-CoV and other human and bat CoVs, we characterize the antigenic responses (using Western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) and serologic responses (using neutralization assays) against 2 MERS-CoV isolates in comparison with those of other human and bat CoVs.Results:  Serologic and neutralization responses against the spike glycoprotein were primarily strain specific, with a very low level of cross-reactivity within or across subgroups. CoV N proteins within but not across subgroups share cross-reactive epitopes with MERS-CoV isolates. Our findings were validated using a convalescent-phase serum specimen from a patient infected with MERS-CoV (NA 01) and human antiserum against SARS-CoV, human CoV NL63, and human CoV OC43.Conclusions:  Vaccine design for emerging CoVs should involve chimeric spike protein containing neutralizing epitopes from multiple virus strains across subgroups to reduce immune pathology, and a diagnostic platform should include a panel of nucleocapsid and spike proteins from phylogenetically distinct CoVs.
JO  - Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 209
IS  - 7
PG  - 995-1006
SP  - 995
EP  - 1006
AN  - 104043473. Language: English. Entry Date: 20140516. Revision Date: 20161117. Publication Type: journal article
DO  - 10.1093/infdis/jit609
UR  - http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=cin20&AN=104043473&site=ehost-live
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Burden of acute respiratory disease of epidemic and pandemic potential in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region: A literature review
AU  - Abubakar, A.
AU  - Malik, M.
AU  - Pebody, R. G.
AU  - Elkholy, A. A.
AU  - Khan, W.
AU  - Bellos, A.
AU  - Mala, P.
PY  - 2016
PD  - 
N2  - There are gaps in the knowledge about the burden of severe respiratory disease in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR). This literature review was therefore conducted to describe the burden of epidemic-and pandemic-prone acute respiratory infections (ARI) in the Region which may help in the development of evidence-based disease prevention and control policies. Relevant published and unpublished reports were identified from searches of various databases; 83 documents fulfilled the search criteria. The infections identified included: ARI, avian influenza A(H5N1), influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection. Pneumonia and ARIs were leading causes of disease and death in the Region. Influenza A(H1N1) was an important cause of morbidity during the 2009 pandemic. This review provides a descriptive summary of the burden of acute respiratory diseases in the Region, but there still remains a lack of necessary data. On observe des lacunes en matière de connaissances concernant la charge des maladies respiratoires sévères dans la Région de la Méditerranée orientale. La présente analyse documentaire détaille la charge des infections respiratoires aiguës (IRA) à potentiel épidémique et pandémique dans la Région, ce qui peut aider à l'élaboration de politiques et programmes de prévention et de lutte contre les maladies reposant sur des données factuelles. Des articles pertinents publiés et non publiés ont été identifiés grâce à des recherches dans différentes bases de données ; 83 documents satisfaisaient à nos critères de recherche. Les infections identifiées comprenaient les infections respiratoires aiguës (IRA), la grippe aviaire A(H5N1), la grippe A(H1N1)pdm09 et l'infection par le coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient (MERS-CoV). La pneumonie et les IRA constituaient les principales causes de morbidité et de mortalité dans la Région. La grippe A(H1N1) était une cause importante de morbidité durant la pandémie de 2009. Cette analyse fournit un résumé descriptif de la charge des maladies respiratoires aiguës dans la Région mais il existe toujours une lacune concernant les donneés nécessaires à cet égard.
JO  - Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 22
IS  - 7
PG  - 513-526
SP  - 513
EP  - 526
AN  - 118524232. Language: English. Entry Date: 20161025. Revision Date: 20161025. Publication Type: Article
DO  - 
UR  - http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=cin20&AN=118524232&site=ehost-live
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Correction to Lancet Infect Dis 2019; 20: 275–76
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 20
IS  - 3
PG  - e27
SP  - e27
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30071-2
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1473309920300712
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Airway management of COVID-19 patients with severe pneumonia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Patients with severe and critical COVID-19 will develop into acute respiratory distress syndrome in a short time. Noninvasive or invasive positive pressure ventilation will be important means for those patients, which will help to improve the clinical cure rate and reduce the mortality. Effective airway management has a great significance to improve respiratory support, reduce complications, and promote rehabilitation.
JO  - Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 55
IS  - 4
PG  - E001-E001
SP  - E001
EP  - E001
AN  - 32100976
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-0860.2020.04.001
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32100976
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Strategies against the novel coronavirus: Possible applications of the experimental Ebola drug remdesivir are being tested
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Deutsche Apotheker Zeitung
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 160
IS  - 5
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2004968208
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - China: clamp down on violations of wildlife trade ban
AU  - Zhou, Z. M.
AU  - Buesching, C. D.
AU  - Macdonald, D. W.
AU  - Newman, C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 578
IS  - 7794
PG  - 217
SP  - 217
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00378-w
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2004260180 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/d41586-020-00378-w
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Anesthetic Management of Patients with Suspected 2019 Novel Coronavirus Infection During Emergency Procedures
AU  - Zhao, Shuai
AU  - Ling, Ken
AU  - Yan, Hong
AU  - Zhong, Liang
AU  - Peng, Xiaohong
AU  - Yao, Shanglong
AU  - Huang, Jiapeng
AU  - Chen, Xiangdong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objectives To prevent cross-infection in the operating rooms by taking anesthesia management procedures for emergency procedures in patients with confirmed or suspected 2019-nCoV, and report clinical and anesthesia-related characteristics of these patients. Design This was a retrospective, multicenter clinical study. Setting This study used a multicenter dataset from four hospitals in Wuhan, China. Participants Patients and healthcare providers with confirmed or suspected 2019-nCoV from Jan 23 to Jan 31, 2020, at Wuhan Union Hospital, Wuhan Children's Hospital, The Central Hospital of Wuhan and Wuhan Fourth Hospital in Wuhan, China. Interventions Anesthetic management and infection control guidelines for emergency procedures in patients with suspected 2019-nCoV were drafted and applied in four hospitals in Wuhan. Measurements and Main Results Cross-infection in the operating rooms of these four hospitals has been effectively reduced by taking these measures and procedures. As for patients with laboratory-confirmed 2019-nCoV infection or suspected infection, majority of them were female (23 [62%] of 37); with a mean age of 41.0 years old (SD, 19.6; range, 4 to 78). Ten (27%) patients had chronic medical illness, including 4 (11%) with diabetes, 8 (22%) with hypertension, and 8 (22%) with digestive system disease. Twenty-five (68%) patients showed lymphopenia and 23 (62%) patients exhibited multiple mottling and ground-glass opacity on CT scanning. Conclusions Our study indicated that 2019-nCoV specific guidelines for emergency procedures in patients with confirmed or suspected 2019-nCoV may effectively prevent cross-infection in the operating rooms. Most patients with confirmed or suspected 2019-nCoV presented with fever, dry cough, and developed bilateral multiple mottling and ground-glass opacity on chest CT scans.
JO  - Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2020.02.039
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S105307702030197X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Potential Interventions for Novel Coronavirus in China: A Systematic Review
AU  - Zhang, Lei
AU  - Liu, Yunhui
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - An outbreak of a novel coronavirus (COVID-19 or 2019-CoV) infection has posed significant threats to international health and the economy. In the absence of treatment for this virus, there is an urgent need to find alternative methods to control the spread of disease. Here, we have conducted an online search for all treatment options related to coronavirus infections as well as some RNA virus infection and we have found that general treatments, coronavirus-specific treatments, and antiviral treatments should be useful in fighting COVID-19. We suggest that the nutritional status of each infected patient should be evaluated before the administration of general treatments and the current children's RNA virus vaccines including influenza vaccine should be immunized for uninfected people and health care workers. In addition, convalescent plasma should be given to COVID-19 patients if it is available. In conclusion, we suggest that all the potential interventions be implemented to control the emerging COVID-19 if the infection is uncontrollable. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - J Med Virol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1002/jmv.25707
SP  - 10.1002/jmv.25707
EP  - 
AN  - 32052466
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25707
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32052466
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Systematic Review of Lopinavir Therapy for SARS Coronavirus and MERS Coronavirus–A Possible Reference for Coronavirus Disease-19 Treatment Option
AU  - Yao, Tian-Tian
AU  - Qian, Jian-Dan
AU  - Zhu, Wen-Yan
AU  - Wang, Yan
AU  - Wang, Gui-Qiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract In the past few decades, coronaviruses have risen as a global threat to public health. Currently, the outbreak of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) from Wuhan caused a worldwide panic. There are no specific antiviral therapies for COVID-19. However, there are agents that were used during the SARS and MERS epidemics. We could learn from SARS and MERS. Lopinavir (LPV) is an effective agent that inhibits the protease activity of coronavirus. In this review, we discuss the literature on the efficacy of LPV in vitro and in vivo, especially in patients with SARS and MERS, so that we might clarify the potential for the use of LPV in patients with COVID-19. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25729
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25729
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Imaging and clinical features of patients with 2019 novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Xu, Xi
AU  - Yu, Chengcheng
AU  - Qu, Jing
AU  - Zhang, Lieguang
AU  - Jiang, Songfeng
AU  - Huang, Deyang
AU  - Chen, Bihua
AU  - Zhang, Zhiping
AU  - Guan, Wanhua
AU  - Ling, Zhoukun
AU  - Jiang, Rui
AU  - Hu, Tianli
AU  - Ding, Yan
AU  - Lin, Lin
AU  - Gan, Qingxin
AU  - Luo, Liangping
AU  - Tang, Xiaoping
AU  - Liu, Jinxin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The pneumonia caused by the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2, also called 2019-nCoV) recently break out in Wuhan, China, and was named as COVID-19. With the spread of the disease, similar cases have also been confirmed in other regions of China. We aimed to report the imaging and clinical characteristics of these patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Guangzhou, China.
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00259-020-04735-9
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00259-020-04735-9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Comparison of different samples for 2019 novel coronavirus detection by nucleic acid amplification tests
AU  - Xie, Chunbao
AU  - Jiang, Lingxi
AU  - Huang, Guo
AU  - Pu, Hong
AU  - Gong, Bo
AU  - Lin, He
AU  - Ma, Shi
AU  - Chen, Xuemei
AU  - Long, Bo
AU  - Si, Guo
AU  - Yu, Hua
AU  - Jiang, Li
AU  - Yang, Xingxiang
AU  - Shi, Yi
AU  - Yang, Zhenglin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A severe respiratory ongoing outbreak of pneumonia associated with 2019 novel coronavirus was recently emerged in China. Here, we reported the epidemiological, clinical, laboratory and radiological characteristics of 19 suspect cases. We compared the positive ratio of 2019-nCoV nucleic acid amplification test from different samples including oropharyngeal swab, blood, urine and stool with 3different Fluorescent RT-PCR kits. Nine out of the 19 patients were detected 2019-nCoV infection using oropharyngeal swab samples, and the virus nucleic acid was also detected in eight of these nine patients using stool samples. None of positive results was identified in the blood and urine samples. Thses three different kits got the same result for each sample and the positive ratio of nucleic acid detection for 2019-nCoV was only 47.4% in the suspect patients. Therefore, it is possible that the really infected patients have been missed by using nucleic acid detection only. It might be better to make a diagnosis combining the Computed Tomography scans and the nucleic acid detection together.
JO  - International Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.02.050
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971220301089
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Dose prediction of lopinavir/ritonavir for 2019-novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection based on mathematic modeling
AU  - Wiwanitkit, Sora Yasri
AU  - Viroj
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - At present, lopinavir/ritonavir is widely used for possible treatment of 2019-nCoV infection in countries that the emerging infection exists. Here, the authors used a mathematical modelling theoretical approach to predict the expectedproper dosage of lopinavir/ritonavir for possible treatment of 2019-nCoV infection. The protocol for mathematical modeling in this work is the same as previous report by Wiwanitkit et al[5]. Briefly, the primary agreement was there had to be a specific amount of required energy for reaction between lopinavir/ritonavir and its target enzyme and this energy is a specific constant for the reaction. Based on bonding theory, the required amount of lopinavir/ritonavir was varied to the two substrates, lopinavir/ritonavir and target, protease. Here, the simple equation ‘A + B ? C where A was the target enzyme, B was lopinavir/ritonavir and C was end product’ could be written.
JO  - Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 13
IS  - 3
PG  - 137-138
SP  - 137
EP  - 138
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4103/1995-7645.277815
UR  - https://doaj.org/article/c8c87c0f25aa45ae992c01a963798f0e
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Imported cases of 2019-novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infections in Thailand: Mathematical modelling of the outbreak
AU  - Wiwanitkit, Pathum Sookaromdee
AU  - Viroj
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 'Imported cases of 2019-novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infections in Thailand: Mathematical modelling of the outbreak' in DOAJ. DOAJ is an online directory that indexes and provides access to quality open access, peer-reviewed journals.
JO  - Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 13
IS  - 3
PG  - 139-140
SP  - 139
EP  - 140
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4103/1995-7645.277516
UR  - https://doaj.org/article/71e7f0ef3726477e9f2291e9fcdfd34e
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Antiviral Action of Tryptanthrin Isolated from Strobilanthes cusia Leaf against Human Coronavirus NL63 Outbreak of Novel Coronavirus (SARS-Cov-2): First Evidences From International Scientific Literature and Pending Questions
AU  - Tsai, Yu-Chi
AU  - Lee, Chia-Lin
AU  - Yen, Hung-Rong
AU  - Chang, Young-Sheng
AU  - Lin, Yu-Ping
AU  - Huang, Su-Hua
AU  - Lin, Cheng-Wen
AU  - Amodio, Emanuele
AU  - Vitale, Francesco
AU  - Cimino, Livia
AU  - Casuccio, Alessandra
AU  - Tramuto, Fabio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Strobilanthes cusia (Nees) Kuntze is a Chinese herbal medicine used in the treatment of respiratory virus infections. The methanol extract of S. cusia leaf contains chemical components such as &beta;-sitosterol, indirubin, tryptanthrin, betulin, indigodole A, and indigodole B that have diverse biological activities. However, the antiviral action of S. cusia leaf and its components against human coronavirus remains to be elucidated. Human coronavirus NL63 infection is frequent among immunocompromised individuals, young children, and in the elderly. This study investigated the anti-Human coronavirus NL63 (HCoV-NL63) activity of the methanol extract of S. cusia leaf and its major components. The methanol extract of S. cusia leaf effectively inhibited the cytopathic effect (CPE) and virus yield (IC50 = 0.64 &mu;g/mL) in HCoV-NL63-infected cells. Moreover, this extract potently inhibited the HCoV-NL63 infection in a concentration-dependent manner. Among the six components identified in the methanol extract of S. cusia leaf, tryptanthrin and indigodole B (5aR-ethyltryptanthrin) exhibited potent antiviral activity in reducing the CPE and progeny virus production. The IC50 values against virus yield were 1.52 &mu;M and 2.60 &mu;M for tryptanthrin and indigodole B, respectively. Different modes of time-of-addition/removal assay indicated that tryptanthrin prevented the early and late stages of HCoV-NL63 replication, particularly by blocking viral RNA genome synthesis and papain-like protease 2 activity. Notably, tryptanthrin (IC50 = 0.06 &mu;M) and indigodole B (IC50 = 2.09 &mu;M) exhibited strong virucidal activity as well. This study identified tryptanthrin as the key active component of S. cusia leaf methanol extract that acted against HCoV-NL63 in a cell-type independent manner. The results specify that tryptanthrin possesses antiviral potential against HCoV-NL63 infection. On 31 December, 2019, a cluster of 27 pneumonia cases of unknown etiology was reported by Chinese health authorities in Wuhan City (China) [...]
JO  - Biomolecules
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 10
IS  - 3
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/biom10030366 10.3390/healthcare8010051
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pulmonary pathology of early phase 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pneumonia in two patients with lung cancer
AU  - Tian, Sufang
AU  - Hu, Weidong
AU  - Niu, Li
AU  - Liu, Huan
AU  - Xu, Haibo
AU  - Xiao, Shu-Yuan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - There is currently a lack of pathologic data on the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) pneumonia, or COVID-19, from autopsy or biopsy. Two patients who recently underwent lung lobectomies for adenocarcinoma were retrospectively found to have had COVID-19 at the time of surgery. These two cases thus provide important first opportunities to study the pathology of COVID-19. Pathologic examinations revealed that, apart from the tumors, the lungs of both patients exhibited edema, proteinaceous exudate, focal reactive hyperplasia of pneumocytes with patchy inflammatory cellular infiltration, and multinucleated giant cells. Hyaline membranes were not prominent. Since both patients did not exhibit symptoms of pneumonia at the time of surgery, these changes likely represent an early phase of the lung pathology of COVID-19 pneumonia.
JO  - Journal of Thoracic Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtho.2020.02.010
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1556086420301325
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The costs of secrecy
AU  - Thorp, H. Holden
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - "Without freedom of speech there is no modern world, just a barbaric one.” These words from China's most famous artist and activist, Ai Weiwei, have never been more important. Ai Weiwei would probably agree that China's actions in the coronavirus crisis require the voice of the scientific community, and he wouldn't be surprised that getting folks to say something has been a challenge. I didn't want to be the person to write this editorial. I felt that it would best come from someone inside China with a direct connection to the situation. Such a person could help dispel or reinforce the scraps of information coming from the intrepid journalists and the few courageous eyewitnesses. But over the past few weeks, I've been discouraged by the responses of such individuals who declined or didn't respond to an invitation to write a forthcoming editorial about China's secrecy on coronavirus. Some of these scientists and experts even expressed doubt that I'd find such a gutsy author at any organization in China to write such a piece.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 367
IS  - 6481
PG  - 959
SP  - 959
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb4420
UR  - http://science.sciencemag.org/content/367/6481/959.abstract
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Latest assessment on COVID-19 from the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC)
AU  - team, Eurosurveillance editorial
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Eurosurveillance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 2002271
SP  - 2002271
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.8.2002271
UR  - https://eurosurveillance.org/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.8.2002271
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Emerging and re-emerging human infectious diseases: A systematic review of the role of wild animals with a focus on public health impact
AU  - Siqueira-Batista, Marli C. Cupertino
AU  - Michely, B. Resende
AU  - Nicholas, A. J. Mayer
AU  - Lorendane, M. Carvalho
AU  - Rodrigo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Infectious diseases continue to impose unpredictable burdens on global health and economies, a subject that requires constant research and updates. In this sense, the objective of the present article was to review studies on the role of wild animals as reservoirs and/or dispersers of etiological agents of human infectious diseases in order to compile data on the main wild animals and etiological agents involved in zoonotic outbreaks. A systematic review was carried out using PRISMA guidelines, using the PubMed, Scopus and SciELO platforms as data banks. The descriptors used were “zoonosis”, “human infectious diseases” and “wild animals”. The results show that wild animals (mainly bats, birds and primates) play an important role in the dissemination of etiological agents (mainly viruses, as a new coronavirus called 2019 Novel Coronavirus) in extensive geographic regions. Moreover, these wild animal organisms can act as the site for essential biotic synergy among several pathogenic microorganisms, promoting a higher rate of adaptation, mutation and even genetic recombination, with consequent stimulation of new strains and subtypes, inducing new infectious agents with unknown virulent potential. In conclusion, the monitoring of these diseases and adequate preparation for possible epidemics and pandemics are fundamental conditions for the mitigation of their future impact. The zoonotic threat of these etiological agents and the impact on public health can be enormous as shown by the ongoing epidemic of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019- nCoV) infections.
JO  - Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 13
IS  - 3
PG  - 99-106
SP  - 99
EP  - 106
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4103/1995-7645.277535
UR  - https://doaj.org/article/8a8778f26bd64faf8fcc11470ae75895
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Nepal’s First Case of COVID-19 and public health response
AU  - Shrestha, Ranish
AU  - Shrestha, Sunil
AU  - Khanal, Pratik
AU  - Bhuvan, K. C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - SARS, in 2003, spread both within a geographical region and, more significantly, to different cities from a single location, through infected travelers.4 The air-travel frequency from major cities in China to Nepal is lower compared to that of other countries.5 However, there are other factors to consider. Firstly, Nepal is an emerging tourist destination and 2020 has been declared “Visit Nepal” year with an expected 500,000 tourists. Among the total number of tourists in 2018, 153633, the second-highest number, were Chinese tourists, with the highest influx during February and December.6 COVID-19 outbreak coincides (similar to SARS) with Chinese new year during which the Chinese travel extensively, increasing chances for transmission.7 Study into coronavirus infections in Nepal, has shown the incidence to be higher in winter (DecemberFebruary).8 Furthermore, Nepal shares northern border with China with several border crossing points. Several Nepalese students study in China and in Wuhan, the epicenter of the outbreak. Thus, the potential for the spread of COVID-19 through travel and the overlap between the months of peak tourist season in Nepal and the months of the emergence of the epidemic could pose a risk to Nepal. One confirmed case in Nepal was a Nepalese student, studying in Wuhan, with symptom-onset on January 3. The infected 32-year-old male had returned on January 9 to spend winter holidays in Nepal. He had prior knowledge about the outbreak in China and visited the Sukraraj Tropical (truncated)
JO  - Journal of Travel Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/jtm/taaa024
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1093/jtm/taaa024
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The indispensable role of emergency medicine in national preparedness for high consequence infectious diseases (HCIDs)
AU  - Sánchez, Sarimer M.
AU  - Shenoy, Erica S.
AU  - Biddinger, Paul D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians Open
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/emp2.12041 Within weeks of the first cases, a series of papers were released detailing the epidemiology of the disease (now termed COVID‐19) [1-3]. By early January 2020 the virus was identified and the sequence determined. The virus (termed SARS‐
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/emp2.12041
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Authors’ response: Plenty of coronaviruses but no SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Reusken, Chantal B
AU  - Haagmans, Bart
AU  - Meijer, Adam
AU  - Corman, Victor M
AU  - Papa, Anna
AU  - Charrel, Remi
AU  - Drosten, Christian
AU  - Koopmans, Marion
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Eurosurveillance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 2000197
SP  - 2000197
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.8.2000197
UR  - https://eurosurveillance.org/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.8.2000197
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Emergence of a novel human coronavirus threatening human health
AU  - Poon, Leo L. M.
AU  - Peiris, Malik
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In late December 2019, a cluster of patients with ‘atypical pneumonia’ of unknown etiology was reported in Wuhan, China. A novel human coronavirus, now provisionally called ‘SARS-CoV-2’, was identified as the cause of this disease, now named ‘COVID-19’.
JO  - Nature Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41591-020-0796-5
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-020-0796-5
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recent discovery and development of inhibitors targeting coronaviruses
AU  - Pillaiyar, T.
AU  - Meenakshisundaram, S.
AU  - Manickam, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Human coronaviruses (CoVs) are enveloped viruses with a positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome. Currently, six human CoVs have been reported including human coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E), OC43 (HCoV-OC43), NL63 (HCoV-NL63), HKU1 (HCoV-HKU1), severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus (SARS-CoV), and MiddleEast respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronavirus (MERS-CoV). They cause moderate to severe respiratory and intestinal infections in humans. In this review, we focus on recent advances in the research and development of small-molecule anti-human coronavirus therapies targeting different stages of the CoV life cycle. Recent advances in the research and development of small-molecule anti-human coronavirus therapies.
JO  - Drug Discovery Today
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.drudis.2020.01.015
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005025198 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drudis.2020.01.015
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: Lessons from SARS and MERS
AU  - Park, Mirae
AU  - Thwaites, Ryan S.
AU  - Openshaw, Peter J. M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Within weeks of the first cases, a series of papers were released detailing the epidemiology of the disease (now termed COVID‐19) [1-3]. By early January 2020 the virus was identified and the sequence determined. The virus (termed SARS‐CoV‐2) shares 88% sequence identity to two coronaviruses found in bats, bat‐SLCoVZC45 and bat‐SL‐CoVZXC21, 79% identity with the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) coronavirus and 50% identity with Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) coronavirus [4]. From the first cohort of patients, 8 complete genomes were 99.9% identical in sequence. Given that the typical RNA coronavirus evolves at a rate of 104 nucleotide substitutions per year, this suggests a recent single source emergence in early December or late November 2019 [4]. SARS‐CoV‐2 is thought to be transmitted via contaminated hands, surfaces and aerosolised droplets; extensive human‐to‐human transmission is evident, with clusters of infected families and medical staff [5]. The number of confirmed cases has increased rapidly, at a rate that far outstripped the rate of rise of cases of SARS in 2002/3, raising serious global health concerns. By the 21st January, COVID‐19 cases were widespread across mainland China, soon spreading beyond the Chinese borders.
JO  - European Journal of Immunology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/eji.202070035
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/eji.202070035
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Early transmission patterns of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in travellers from Wuhan to Thailand, January 2020
AU  - Okada, Pilailuk
AU  - Buathong, Rome
AU  - Phuygun, Siripaporn
AU  - Thanadachakul, Thanutsapa
AU  - Parnmen, Sittiporn
AU  - Wongboot, Warawan
AU  - Waicharoen, Sunthareeya
AU  - Wacharapluesadee, Supaporn
AU  - Uttayamakul, Sumonmal
AU  - Vachiraphan, Apichart
AU  - Chittaganpitch, Malinee
AU  - Mekha, Nanthawan
AU  - Janejai, Noppavan
AU  - Iamsirithaworn, Sopon
AU  - Lee, Raphael TC
AU  - Maurer-Stroh, Sebastian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Eurosurveillance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 2000097
SP  - 2000097
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.8.2000097
UR  - https://eurosurveillance.org/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.8.2000097
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Singapore claims first use of antibody test to track coronavirus infections | Science | AAAS
AU  - Normile, Dennis
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In what appears to be a first, disease trackers in Singapore have used an experimental antibody test for COVID-19 to confirm that a suspected patient was infected with the coronavirus. The patient was one of two people who together formed a missing link between two clusters of cases that each occurred in a Singaporean church. Researchers around the world are racing to develop antibody tests, also called serological tests, that can confirm whether someone was infected even after their immune system has cleared the virus that causes COVID-19. The group that developed the test, at Duke-NUS Medical School in Singapore, is among the front-runners, although its assay has to be validated before it is taken into production and deployed widely.
JO  - Science Magazine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/02/singapore-claims-first-use-antibody-test-track-coronavirus-infections
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is a one health issue
AU  - Marty, Aileen Maria
AU  - Jones, Malcolm K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - One Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 
PG  - 100123
SP  - 100123
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.onehlt.2020.100123
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S235277142030015X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Secondary attack rate and superspreading events for SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Liu, Yang
AU  - Eggo, Rosalind M.
AU  - Kucharski, Adam J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30462-1
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673620304621
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Structure-based stabilization of non-native protein-protein interactions of coronavirus nucleocapsid proteins in antiviral drug design
AU  - Lin, Shan-Meng
AU  - Lin, Shih-Chao
AU  - Hsu, Jia-Ning
AU  - Chang, Chung-ke
AU  - Chien, Ching-Ming
AU  - Wang, Yong-Sheng
AU  - Wu, Hung-Yi
AU  - Jeng, U. Ser
AU  - Kehn-Hall, Kylene
AU  - Hou, Ming-hon
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Structure-based stabilization of protein-protein interactions (PPIs) is a promising strategy for drug discovery. However, this approach has mainly focused on the stabilization of native PPIs and non-native PPIs have received little consideration. Here, we identified a non-native interaction interface on the 3D dimeric structure of the N-terminal domain of the MERS-CoV nucleocapsid protein (MERS-CoV N-NTD). The interface formed a conserved hydrophobic cavity suitable for targeted drug screening. By considering the hydrophobic complementarity during the virtual screening step, we identified 5-benzyloxygramine as a new N protein PPI orthosteric stabilizer that possesses both antiviral and N-NTD protein-stabilizing activity. X-ray crystallography and small-angle X-ray scattering showed that 5-benzyloxygramine stabilizes the N-NTD dimers through simultaneous hydrophobic interactions to both partners, resulting in abnormal N protein oligomerization that was further confirmed in the cell. This unique approach based on the identification and stabilization of non-native PPIs of N protein could be applied towards drug discovery against CoV diseases.
JO  - Journal of Medicinal Chemistry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01913
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01913
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Development and Clinical Application of A Rapid IgM-IgG Combined Antibody Test for SARS-CoV-2 Infection Diagnosis
AU  - Li, Zhengtu
AU  - Yi, Yongxiang
AU  - Luo, Xiaomei
AU  - Xiong, Nian
AU  - Liu, Yang
AU  - Li, Shaoqiang
AU  - Sun, Ruilin
AU  - Wang, Yanqun
AU  - Hu, Bicheng
AU  - Chen, Wei
AU  - Zhang, Yongchen
AU  - Wang, Jing
AU  - Huang, Baofu
AU  - Lin, Ye
AU  - Yang, Jiasheng
AU  - Cai, Wensheng
AU  - Wang, Xuefeng
AU  - Cheng, Jing
AU  - Chen, Zhiqiang
AU  - Sun, Kangjun
AU  - Pan, Weimin
AU  - Zhan, Zhifei
AU  - Chen, Liyan
AU  - Ye, Feng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract The outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) quickly spread all over China and to more than 20 other countries. Although the virus (SARS-Cov-2) nucleic acid RT-PCR test has become the standard method for diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection, these real-time PCR test kits have many limitations. In addition, high false negative rates were reported. There is an urgent need for an accurate and rapid test method to quickly identify large number of infected patients and asymptomatic carriers to prevent virus transmission and assure timely treatment of patients. We have developed a rapid and simple point-of-care lateral flow immunoassay which can detect IgM and IgG antibodies simultaneously against SARS-CoV-2 virus in human blood within 15 minutes which can detect patients at different infection stages. With this test kit, we carried out clinical studies to validate its clinical efficacy uses. The clinical detection sensitivity and specificity of this test were measured using blood samples collected from 397 PCR confirmed COVID-19 patients and 128 negative patients at 8 different clinical sites. The overall testing sensitivity was 88.66% and specificity was 90.63%. In addition, we evaluated clinical diagnosis results obtained from different types of venous and fingerstick blood samples. The results indicated great detection consistency among samples from fingerstick blood, serum and plasma of venous blood. The IgM-IgG combined assay has better utility and sensitivity compared with a single IgM or IgG test. It can be used for the rapid screening of SARS-CoV-2 carriers, symptomatic or asymptomatic, in hospitals, clinics, and test laboratories. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25727
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25727
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The neuroinvasive potential of SARS-CoV2 may be at least partially responsible for the respiratory failure of COVID-19 patients
AU  - Li, Yan-Chao
AU  - Bai, Wan-Zhu
AU  - Hashikawa, Tsutomu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Following the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), another highly pathogenic coronavirus named SARS-CoV-2 (previously known as 2019-nCoV) emerged in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, and rapidly spreads around the world. This virus shares highly homological sequence with SARS-CoV, and causes acute, highly lethal pneumonia (COVID-19) with clinical symptoms similar to those reported for SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. The most characteristic symptom of COVID-19 patients is respiratory distress, and most of the patients admitted to the intensive care could not breathe spontaneously. Additionally, some COVID-19 patients also showed neurologic signs such as headache, nausea and vomiting. Increasing evidence shows that coronavriruses are not always confined to the respiratory tract and that they may also invade the central nervous system inducing neurological diseases. The infection of SARS-CoV has been reported in the brains from both patients and experimental animals, where the brainstem was heavily infected. Furthermore, some coronaviruses have been demonstrated able to spread via a synapse-connected route to the medullary cardiorespiratory center from the mechano- and chemoreceptors in the lung and lower respiratory airways. In light of the high similarity between SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV2, it is quite likely that the potential invasion of SARS-CoV2 is partially responsible for the acute respiratory failure of COVID-19 patients. Awareness of this will have important guiding significance for the prevention and treatment of the SARS-CoV-2-induced respiratory failure. (229 words) This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25728
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25728
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Evolutionary history, potential intermediate animal host, and cross-species analyses of SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Li, Xingguang
AU  - Zai, Junjie
AU  - Zhao, Qiang
AU  - Nie, Qing
AU  - Li, Yi
AU  - Foley, Brian T.
AU  - Chaillon, Antoine
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract To investigate the evolutionary history of the recent outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 in China, a total of 70 genomes of virus strains from China and elsewhere with sampling dates between 24 December 2019 and 3 February 2020 were analyzed. To explore the potential intermediate animal host of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, we re-analyzed virome datasets from pangolins and representative SARS-related coronaviruses isolates from bats, with particular attention paid to the spike glycoprotein gene. We performed phylogenetic, split network, transmission network, likelihood-mapping, and comparative analyses of the genomes. Based on Bayesian time-scaled phylogenetic analysis using the tip-dating method, we estimated the time to the most recent common ancestor (TMRCA) and evolutionary rate of SARS-CoV-2, which ranged from 22?24 November 2019 and 1.19?1.31 ? 10-3 substitutions per site per year, respectively. Our results also revealed that the BetaCoV/bat/Yunnan/RaTG13/2013 virus was more similar to the SARS-CoV-2 virus than the coronavirus obtained from the two pangolin samples (SRR10168377 and SRR10168378). We also identified a unique peptide (PRRA) insertion in the human SARS-CoV-2 virus, which may be involved in the proteolytic cleavage of the spike protein by cellular proteases, and thus could impact host range and transmissibility. Interestingly, the coronavirus carried by pangolins did not have the RRAR motif. Therefore, we concluded that the human SARS-CoV-2 virus, which is responsible for the recent outbreak of COVID-19, did not come directly from pangolins. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25731
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25731
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Wuhan novel coronavirus (COVID-19): why global control is challenging?
AU  - Lee, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 179
IS  - 
PG  - A1-A2
SP  - A1
EP  - A2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.puhe.2020.02.001
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005053384 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2020.02.001
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preprints bring ‘firehose’ of outbreak data
AU  - Kupferschmidt, Kai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The Wu-han Clan is just one example of how the COVID-19 outbreak is transforming how scientists communicate about fast-moving health crises. A torrent of data is being released daily by preprint servers that didn't even exist a decade ago, then dissected on platforms such as Slack and Twitter, and in the media, before formal peer review begins. Journal staffers are working overtime to get manuscripts reviewed, edited, and published at record speeds. The venerable New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM) posted one COVID-19 paper within 48 hours of submission. Viral genomes posted on a platform named GISAID, more than 200 so far, are analyzed instantaneously by a phalanx of evolutionary biologists who share their phylogenetic trees in preprints and on social media.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 367
IS  - 6481
PG  - 963
SP  - 963
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.367.6481.963
UR  - http://science.sciencemag.org/content/367/6481/963.abstract
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Trust is a key factor in the willingness of health professionals to work during the COVID-19 outbreak: Experience from the H1N1 pandemic in Japan 2009
AU  - Imai, Hissei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - On May 16, 2009, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital admitted the first domestically infected patient in Japan. The number of patients who were suspected as having H1N1 influenza grew to 1687 within two weeks. On May 27, when the mayor of Kobe city declared the emergency had subsided. The World Health Organization (WHO) declared H1N1 influenza as a pandemic on June 11, 2009. Details of this are described elsewhere4,5 . I am a psychiatrist but also worked at an outpatient unit that screened for H1N1 was worried about being infected. However, the chief of my department led the way by personally consulting at the outpatient unit, which motivated me to join as well. My experience made me conduct a cross-sectional survey about the willingness and hesitation to work during the H1N1 pandemic with 3635 employees at three core hospitals in Kobe city between June and July, 20096 .
JO  - Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/pcn.12995
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.12995
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus puts drug repurposing on the fast track
AU  - Harrison, Charlotte
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Existing antivirals and knowledge gained from the SARS and MERS outbreaks gain traction as the fastest route to fight the current coronavirus epidemic. Existing antivirals and knowledge gained from the SARS and MERS outbreaks gain traction as the fastest route to fight the current coronavirus epidemic.
JO  - Nature Biotechnology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:10.1038/d41587-020-00003-1
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41587-020-00003-1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Identification of Coronavirus Isolated from a Patient in Korea with COVID-19
AU  - Han, Jeong-Min Kim
AU  - Yoon-Seok, Chung
AU  - Hye Jun, Jo
AU  - Nam-Joo, Lee
AU  - Mi Seon, Kim
AU  - Sang Hee, Woo
AU  - Sehee, Park
AU  - Jee Woong, Kim
AU  - Heui Man, Kim
AU  - Myung, Guk
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objectives Following reports of patients with unexplained pneumonia at the end of December 2019 in Wuhan, China, the causative agent was identified as coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), and the 2019 novel coronavirus disease was named COVID-19 by the World Health Organization. Putative patients with COVID-19 have been identified in South Korea, and attempts have been made to isolate the pathogen from these patients. Methods Upper and lower respiratory tract secretion samples from putative patients with COVID-19 were inoculated onto cells to isolate the virus. Full genome sequencing and electron microscopy were used to identify the virus. Results The virus replicated in Vero cells and cytopathic effects were observed. Full genome sequencing showed that the virus genome exhibited sequence homology of more than 99.9% with SARS-CoV-2 which was isolated from patients from other countries, for instance China. Sequence homology of SARS-CoV-2 with SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV was 77.5% and 50%, respectively. Coronavirus-specific morphology was observed by electron microscopy in virus-infected Vero cells. Conclusion SARS-CoV-2 was isolated from putative patients with unexplained pneumonia and intermittent coughing and fever. The isolated virus was named BetaCoV/Korea/KCDC03/2020.
JO  - Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 11
IS  - 1
PG  - 3-7
SP  - 3
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - 10.24171/j.phrp.2020.11.1.02
UR  - https://doaj.org/article/43e8e288b3e149479e47269e29514c67
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus disease 2019: International public health considerations
AU  - Greene, Christopher J.
AU  - Burleson, Samuel L.
AU  - Crosby, James C.
AU  - Heimann, Matthew A.
AU  - Pigott, David C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract On December 31, 2019, the Chinese government announced an outbreak of a novel coronavirus, recently named COVID-19. During the following weeks the international medical community has witnessed with unprecedented coverage the public health response both domestically by the Chinese government, and on an international scale as cases have spread to dozens of countries. While much regarding the virus and the Chinese public health response is still unknown, national and public health institutions globally are preparing for a pandemic. As cases and spread of the virus grow, emergency and other front-line providers may become more anxious about the possibility of encountering a potential case. This review describes the tenets of a public health response to an infectious outbreak by using recent historical examples and also by characterizing what is known about the ongoing response to the COVID-19 outbreak. The intent of the review is to empower the practitioner to monitor and evaluate the local, national and global public health response to an emerging infectious disease.
JO  - Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians Open
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/emp2.12040
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/emp2.12040
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Daily briefing: When a tiny lab accident almost leads to amputation
AU  - Graham, Flora
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Three weeks ago, on the basis of genetic analyses, pangolins became the prime suspect as the animal source of the coronavirus that causes COVID-19. Further analysis of those data — alongside three other genome studies of pangolin coronaviruses — shows that although the scaly anteater is still a contender, the link is far from conclusive. Whatever the source, scientists emphasize that animals should not be vilified for their role in the outbreak. “The problem is not the animals, it’s that we get in contact with them,” says animal-behaviour researcher Sara Platto. (Nature | 4 min read)
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:10.1038/d41586-020-00581-9
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00581-9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Q&A: The novel coronavirus outbreak causing COVID-19 A mathematical model for simulating the phase-based transmissibility of a novel coronavirus
AU  - Fisher, Dale
AU  - Heymann, David
AU  - Chen, Tian-Mu
AU  - Rui, Jia
AU  - Wang, Qiu-Peng
AU  - Zhao, Ze-Yu
AU  - Cui, Jing-An
AU  - Yin, Ling
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The virus responsible for COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, is in the species SARS-like corona viruses. At 125?nm, it is slightly larger than influenza, SARS and MERS viruses. It is almost certainly a descendant from a bat corona virus of which there are many. The closest is a virus that originated from the Rhinolophus bat which is >?96% homologous with the current SARS-CoV-2 virus. It is only 79% homologous with the original SARS CoV [1].ID - Fisher2020 As reported by the World Health Organization, a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) was identified as the causative virus of Wuhan pneumonia of unknown etiology by Chinese authorities on 7 January, 2020. The virus was named as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) by International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses on 11 February, 2020. This study aimed to develop a mathematical model for calculating the transmissibility of the virus.
JO  - BMC Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 18
IS  - 1
PG  - 57
SP  - 57
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s12916-020-01533-w 10.1186/s40249-020-00640-3
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-020-01533-w https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-020-00640-3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) update: What we know and what is unknown
AU  - Fasina, Folorunso Oludayo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Preliminary clinical features indicated that most of the infected patients were men with underlying diseases (comorbidities) including diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, malignancy and chronic liver disease[6]. Patient presented with fever, cough, myalgia, sputum production, headache, haemoptysis, diarrhea and dyspnea[6]. Person- to-person transmission and familiar association have also been confirmed[7]. To date, a diagnostic kit has been developed for 2019- nCoV[8], and efforts are ongoing to develop other protocols. Whilst several important aspects of 2019-nCoV epidemiology, virology, mode of transmission, pathogenesis, diagnosis, clinical features, have been defined, there remain many unanswered questions, including source, transmission and epidemic potential. The Wuhan outbreak is a stark reminder of the continuing threat of zoonotic diseases.
JO  - Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 13
IS  - 3
PG  - 97-98
SP  - 97
EP  - 98
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4103/1995-7645.277795
UR  - https://doaj.org/article/416441c7a5984dd698b05a89d055959f
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Virus emergentes y reemergentes: un nuevo reto para la salud mundial del milenio
AU  - Cuestas, María Lujan
AU  - Minassian, María Laura
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Revista Argentina de Microbiología
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ram.2020.02.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0325754120300031
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Rapid random access detection of the novel SARS-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2, previously 2019-nCoV) using an open access protocol for the Panther Fusion
AU  - Cordes, Anne K.
AU  - Heim, Albert
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Clinical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 104305
SP  - 104305
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104305
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1386653220300470
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Letter to the editor: Plenty of coronaviruses but no SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Colson, Philippe
AU  - Scola, Bernard La
AU  - Esteves-Vieira, Vera
AU  - Ninove, Laetitia
AU  - Zandotti, Christine
AU  - Jimeno, Marie-Thérèse
AU  - Gazin, Céline
AU  - Bedotto, Marielle
AU  - Filosa, Véronique
AU  - Giraud-Gatineau, Audrey
AU  - Chaudet, Hervé
AU  - Brouqui, Philippe
AU  - Lagier, Jean-Christophe
AU  - Raoult, Didier
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Eurosurveillance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 2000171
SP  - 2000171
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.8.2000171
UR  - https://eurosurveillance.org/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.8.2000171
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Strategies shift as coronavirus pandemic looms
AU  - Cohen, Jon
AU  - Kupferschmidt, Kai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The virus may be spreading stealthily in many more places. A modeling group at Imperial College London has estimated that about two-thirds of the cases exported from China have yet to be detected. As Science went to press, the World Health Organization (WHO) still avoided using the word “pandemic” to describe the burgeoning crisis, instead talking about “epidemics in different parts of the world.” But many scientists say that regardless of what it's called, the window for containment is now almost certainly shut. “It looks to me like this virus really has escaped from China and is being transmitted quite widely,” says Christopher Dye, an epidemiologist at the University of Oxford. “I'm now feeling much more pessimistic that it can be controlled.” In the United States, “disruption to everyday life might be severe,” Nancy Messonnier, who leads the coronavirus response for the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, warned on 25 February. “We are asking the American public to work with us to prepare for the expectation that this is going to be bad.”
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 367
IS  - 6481
PG  - 962
SP  - 962
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.367.6481.962
UR  - http://science.sciencemag.org/content/367/6481/962.abstract
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Effectiveness for the Response to COVID-19: The MERS Outbreak Containment Procedures
AU  - Cho, Hae-Wol
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In the current issue of Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives, 3 studies are presented dealing with COVID-19. A study by Kim et al, analyzed the genetic information of the COVID-19 virus isolated from a patient in South Korea. The virus was identified by real-time reverse transcriptase (RT) PCR followed by Next Generation Sequencing of the full-length of the genome [5]. In an interim report by the COVID-19 National Emergency Response Center of the KCDC, epidemiological and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in 28 cases in South Korea were reported. There were 53.9% of cases who were males, with 16 cases in patients who had traveled abroad, of which 11 cases (39.3%) were from Wuhan, China, and 12 of the remaining cases were believed to have been infected in South Korea. The incubation period was 4.8 days. Most secondary infected cases were from family members outside the family home (66.7%) and within the family home (75%) [6].
JO  - Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 11
IS  - 1
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.24171/j.phrp.2020.11.1.01
UR  - https://doaj.org/article/1d900bd7dc284812aaf0f13462d57919
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Convalescent plasma as a potential therapy for COVID-19
AU  - Chen, Long
AU  - Xiong, Jing
AU  - Bao, Lei
AU  - Shi, Yuan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30141-9
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1473309920301419
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Differential diagnosis of illness in patients under investigation for the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), Italy, February 2020
AU  - Bordi, Licia
AU  - Nicastri, Emanuele
AU  - Scorzolini, Laura
AU  - Caro, Antonino Di
AU  - Capobianchi, Maria Rosaria
AU  - Castilletti, Concetta
AU  - Lalle, Eleonora
AU  - group, on behalf of INMI COVID-19 study
AU  - Centers2, Collaborating
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Eurosurveillance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 25
IS  - 8
PG  - 2000170
SP  - 2000170
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.8.2000170
UR  - https://eurosurveillance.org/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.8.2000170
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - On the Coronavirus (COVID-19) Outbreak and the Smart City Network: Universal Data Sharing Standards Coupled with Artificial Intelligence (AI) to Benefit Urban Health Monitoring and Management Epidemiological Identification of A Novel Pathogen in Real Time: Analysis of the Atypical Pneumonia Outbreak in Wuhan, China, 2019—2020
AU  - Allam, Zaheer
AU  - Jones, David S.
AU  - Jung, Sung-mok
AU  - Kinoshita, Ryo
AU  - Thompson, N. Robin
AU  - Linton, M. Natalie
AU  - Yang, Yichi
AU  - Akhmetzhanov, R. Andrei
AU  - Nishiura, Hiroshi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As the Coronavirus (COVID-19) expands its impact from China, expanding its catchment into surrounding regions and other countries, increased national and international measures are being taken to contain the outbreak. The placing of entire cities in &lsquo;lockdown&rsquo; directly affects urban economies on a multi-lateral level, including from social and economic standpoints. This is being emphasised as the outbreak gains ground in other countries, leading towards a global health emergency, and as global collaboration is sought in numerous quarters. However, while effective protocols in regard to the sharing of health data is emphasised, urban data, on the other hand, specifically relating to urban health and safe city concepts, is still viewed from a nationalist perspective as solely benefiting a nation&rsquo;s economy and its economic and political influence. This perspective paper, written one month after detection and during the outbreak, surveys the virus outbreak from an urban standpoint and advances how smart city networks should work towards enhancing standardization protocols for increased data sharing in the event of outbreaks or disasters, leading to better global understanding and management of the same. Virological tests have now shown conclusively that a novel coronavirus is causing the 2019&ndash;2020 atypical pneumonia outbreak in Wuhan, China. We demonstrate that non-virological descriptive characteristics could have determined that the outbreak is caused by a novel pathogen in advance of virological testing. Characteristics of the ongoing outbreak were collected in real time from two medical social media sites. These were compared against characteristics of eleven pathogens that have previously caused cases of atypical pneumonia. The probability that the current outbreak is due to &ldquo;Disease X&rdquo; (i.e., previously unknown etiology) as opposed to one of the known pathogens was inferred, and this estimate was updated as the outbreak continued. The probability (expressed as a percentage) that Disease X is driving the outbreak was assessed as over 29% on 31 December 2019, one week before virus identification. After some specific pathogens were ruled out by laboratory tests on 5 January 2020, the inferred probability of Disease X was over 49%. We showed quantitatively that the emerging outbreak of atypical pneumonia cases is consistent with causation by a novel pathogen. The proposed approach, which uses only routinely observed non-virological data, can aid ongoing risk assessments in advance of virological test results becoming available.
JO  - Healthcare
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 8
IS  - 1
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/healthcare8010046ER - Y - EJOU 10.3390/jcm9030637ER -
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Contact Transmission of COVID-19 in South Korea: Novel Investigation Techniques for Tracing Contacts
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In the epidemiological investigation of an infectious disease, investigating, classifying, tracking, and managing contacts by identifying the patient’s route are important for preventing further transmission of the disease. However, omissions and errors in previous activities can occur when the investigation is performed through only a proxy interview with the patient. To overcome these limitations, methods that can objectively verify the patient’s claims (medical facility records, Global Positioning System, card transactions, and closed-circuit television) were used for the recent ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 contact investigations in South Korea.
JO  - Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 11
IS  - 1
PG  - 60-63
SP  - 60
EP  - 63
AN  - 
DO  - 10.24171/j.phrp.2020.11.1.09
UR  - https://doaj.org/article/d01ade466928421baf9f327c6ac1162b
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Early Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of 28 Cases of Coronavirus Disease in South Korea
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The first confirmed case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in South Korea was reported in January 2020, with 28 confirmed cases reported as of February 14th, 2020. The epidemiological and clinical characteristics of all 28 cases were analyzed in response to this disease. Methods The epidemiological characteristics and early clinical features of the 28 patients from Korea with confirmed COVID-19 were analyzed using COVID-19 reporting and surveillance data and the epidemiological investigation reports prepared by the rapid response team. Results There were 16 patients that entered Korea from foreign countries: Wuhan, China (11 patients), Zhuhai, China, (1 patient), Singapore (2 patients), Japan (1 patient), and Thailand (1 patient). The early symptoms were fever, sore throat, cough or sputum production, chills, and muscle ache. Three patients were asymptomatic, however, 18 developed pneumonia. Of the 28 cases, 16 were index cases imported from abroad, with 10 cases of secondary infection originating in Korea, and the route of transmission still under investigation for 2 patients. The 10 patients with secondary infection were infected from contact with family members or acquaintances of primary patients, and the suspected sites of transmission were mostly at home. Conclusion COVID-19 in Korea was spread by 16 infected individuals traveling from other countries, leading to second-generation cases. The initial symptoms were mostly minor, but the disease was infectious at this stage, resulting from close contact, particularly at home. Establishing an early detection strategy for COVID-19 is crucial for managing the transmission of the disease.
JO  - Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 11
IS  - 1
PG  - 8-14
SP  - 8
EP  - 14
AN  - 
DO  - 10.24171/j.phrp.2020.11.1.03
UR  - https://doaj.org/article/cd3fb98d14054e4a92c87455125bef89
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: combining antiviral and anti-inflammatory treatments
AU  - Stebbing, Justin
AU  - Phelan, Anne
AU  - Griffin, Ivan
AU  - Tucker, Catherine
AU  - Oechsle, Olly
AU  - Smith, Dan
AU  - Richardson, Peter
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - Both coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) are characterised by an overexuberant inflammatory response and, for SARS, viral load is not correlated with the worsening of symptoms. In our previous Correspondence to The Lancet, we described how BenevolentAI's proprietary artificial intelligence (AI)-derived knowledge graph, queried by a suite of algorithms, enabled identification of a target and a potential therapeutic against SARS coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2; the causative organism in COVID-19). We identified a group of approved drugs that could inhibit clathrin-mediated endocytosis and thereby inhibit viral infection of cells (appendix). The drug targets are members of the numb-associated kinase (NAK) family—including AAK1 and GAK—the inhibition of which has been shown to reduce viral infection in vitro. Baricitinib was identified as a NAK inhibitor, with a particularly high affinity for AAK1, a pivotal regulator of clathrin-mediated endocytosis. We suggested that this drug could be of use in countering SARS-CoV-2 infections, subject to appropriate clinical testing.
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30132-8
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30132-8
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Looming threat of COVID-19 infection in Africa: act collectively, and fast
AU  - Nkengasong, John N.
AU  - Mankoula, Wessam
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - Models that enable the continent to better allocate scarce resources to better prepare and respond to the COVID-19 epidemic are crucial. The modelling study by Marius Gilbert and colleagues in The Lancet identifies each African country's risk of importation of COVID-19 from China, using data on the volume of air travel from three airports in provinces in China to African countries. Gilbert and colleagues use two indicators to determine the capacity of countries to detect and respond to cases: preparedness, using the WHO International Health Regulations Monitoring and Evaluation Framework; and vulnerability, using the Infectious Disease Vulnerability Index. Based on their analysis, Egypt, Algeria, and South Africa had the highest importation risk, and a moderate to high capacity to respond to outbreaks. Nigeria, Ethiopia, Sudan, Angola, Tanzania, Ghana, and Kenya had moderate risk with variable capacity and high vulnerability. In the model, the risk mainly originates from Guangdong, Fujian, and Beijing. The study provides a valuable tool that can help countries in Africa prioritise and allocate resources as they prepare to respond to the potential introduction and spread of COVID-19.
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30464-5
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30464-5
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Lessons for managing high-consequence infections from first COVID-19 cases in the UK
AU  - Moss, Peter
AU  - Barlow, Gavin
AU  - Easom, Nicholas
AU  - Lillie, Patrick
AU  - Samson, Anda
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - These first UK cases of COVID-19 raise important points about the management of cases of HCID in England. The decision to test for SARS-CoV-2 is based on a clinical and epidemiological case definition, and testing is only approved if this is met. When tested, neither of these people clearly met the current case definition, and had criteria been strictly applied, testing might not have been done. A decision to test was made because of high clinical suspicion and in response to latest available information about the distribution of infection. It is important that testing is appropriately targeted, and this is best done by applying clear case definitions. However, with any newly emerging infection, case definitions must evolve rapidly as information accrues. There should also be room for flexibility on the basis of discussion with clinical and public health experts
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30463-3
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30463-3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: preparing for superspreader potential among Umrah pilgrims to Saudi Arabia
AU  - Ebrahim, Shahul H.
AU  - Memish, Ziad A.
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak is a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC), and the emergence of new epicentres of spread, such as South Korea and Iran, besides Wuhan, China, should draw attention to potential superspreader events.Of concern is the continuous Umrah pilgrimage to Saudi Arabia by Muslim pilgrims from more than 180 countries. In addition to the non-pilgrim air traffic (39 million people in 2018), Saudi Arabia received 7·5 million Umrah visa holders in 2019
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30466-9
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30466-9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - News
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Chinese scientists released genetic information on the coronavirus causing an outbreak of SARS-like illness in Wuhan, China. The Vaccine Research Institute at the US National Institutes of Health (NIH) immediately began development of a new vaccine. After the 2003 SARS outbreak, it took 20 months from the release of the viral genome to get a vaccine ready for human trials. The zika virus took six months. Now, the NIH is pushing to have a vaccine ready for testing in three to six months. The race is on. The NIH team took the template for a SARS vaccine and swapped enough code from the new virus to start a new vaccine. Researchers, having experience with SARS, already knew which part of the virus to choose for the vaccine’s antigen, a sort of red flag for the immune system. This synthetic antigen will prod the body to make antibodies.
JO  - Chemistry & Industry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 84
IS  - 2
PG  - 5-17
SP  - 5
EP  - 17
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/cind.842_3.x
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/cind.842_3.x
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The novel Chinese coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infections
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Journal of Clinical Investigation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 50
IS  - 3
PG  - e13135
SP  - e13135
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/eci.13135
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/eci.13135
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The 2019 Novel Coronavirus: A Crown Jewel of Pandemics?
AU  - Azamfirei, R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of critical care medicine (Universitatea de Medicina si Farmacie din Targu-Mures)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 6
IS  - 1
PG  - 3-4
SP  - 3
EP  - 4
AN  - 32104726
DO  - 10.2478/jccm-2020-0013
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Development of epitope-based peptide vaccine against novel Coronavirus 2019 (SARS-COV-2): Immunoinformatics approach
AU  - Bhattacharya, Manojit
AU  - Ranjan Sharma, Ashish
AU  - Patra, Prasanta
AU  - Ghosh, Pratik
AU  - Sharma, Garima
AU  - Chandra Patra, Bidhan
AU  - Lee, Sang-Soo
AU  - Chakraborty, Chiranjib
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - ABSTRACT Recently, a novel Coronavirus (SARS-COV-2) emerged which is responsible for the recent outbreak in Wuhan, China. Genetically, it is closely related to the SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. The situation is getting worse and worse, therefore, there is an urgent need for designing a suitable peptide vaccine component against the SARS-COV-2. Here, we characterized spike glycoprotein to obtain immunogenic epitopes. Next, we chose 13 Major Histocompatibility Complex-(MHC) I and 3 MHC-II epitopes, having antigenic properties. These epitopes are usually linked to specific linkers to build vaccine components and molecularly dock on Toll-Like Receptor (TLR)-5 to get binding affinity. Therefore, in order to provide a fast immunogenic profile of these epitopes we performed immunoinformatics analysis so that rapid development of vaccine might bring this disastrous situation to the end earlier. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25736
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25736
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How African migrants in China cope with barriers to health care
AU  - Bodomo, Adams
AU  - Liem, Andrian
AU  - Lin, Lavinia
AU  - Hall, Brian J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30048-7
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468266720300487
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Case Series of children with 2019 novel coronavirus infection: clinical and epidemiological features
AU  - Cai, J.
AU  - Xu, J.
AU  - Lin, D.
AU  - Yang, Z.
AU  - Xu, L.
AU  - Qu, Z.
AU  - Zhang, Y.
AU  - Zhang, H.
AU  - Jia, R.
AU  - Liu, P.
AU  - Wang, X.
AU  - Ge, Y.
AU  - Xia, A.
AU  - Tian, H.
AU  - Chang, H.
AU  - Wang, C.
AU  - Li, J.
AU  - Wang, J.
AU  - Zeng, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We first described the 2019 novel coronavirus infection in 10 children occurring in areas other than Wuhan. The coronavirus diseases in children are usually mild and epidemiological exposure is a key clue to recognize pediatric case. Prolonged virus shedding is observed in respiratory tract and feces at the convalescent stage.
JO  - Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32112072
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa198
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: preparedness, decentralisation, and the hunt for patient zero
AU  - Carinci, F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - bmj.m799
SP  - bmj.m799
EP  - 
AN  - 32111645
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m799
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The psychiatric impact of the novel coronavirus outbreak
AU  - Carvalho, Poliana Moreira de Medeiros
AU  - Moreira, Marcial Moreno
AU  - de Oliveira, Matheus Nogueira Arcanjo
AU  - Landim, José Marcondes Macedo
AU  - Neto, Modesto Leite Rolim
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Psychiatry Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 112902
SP  - 112902
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112902
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165178120302924
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Indian pharma threatened by COVID-19 shutdowns in China
AU  - Chatterjee, Patralekha
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As factories in China are closed, India is working to maintain supplies of active pharmaceutical ingredients. Patralekha Chatterjee reports from New Delhi. India supplies low-cost generic drugs to millions of people, both within and outside the country. But Indian pharmaceutical companies procure almost 70% of the active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) for their medicines from China, the world's leading producer and exporter of APIs by volume. As factories in China are closed to try to stem the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak, pharmaceutical companies and the Indian Government are becoming concerned over the vulnerability of the Indian pharmaceutical supply chain.
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10225
PG  - 675
SP  - 675
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30459-1
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30459-1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A mathematical model for simulating the phase-based transmissibility of a novel coronavirus
AU  - Yin, Tian-Mu Chen
AU  - Jia, Rui
AU  - Qiu-Peng, Wang
AU  - Ze-Yu, Zhao
AU  - Jing-An, Cui
AU  - Ling
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background As reported by the World Health Organization, a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) was identified as the causative virus of Wuhan pneumonia of unknown etiology by Chinese authorities on 7 January, 2020. The virus was named as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) by International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses on 11 February, 2020. This study aimed to develop a mathematical model for calculating the transmissibility of the virus. Methods In this study, we developed a Bats-Hosts-Reservoir-People transmission network model for simulating the potential transmission from the infection source (probably be bats) to the human infection. Since the Bats-Hosts-Reservoir network was hard to explore clearly and public concerns were focusing on the transmission from Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market (reservoir) to people, we simplified the model as Reservoir-People (RP) transmission network model. The next generation matrix approach was adopted to calculate the basic reproduction number (R 0) from the RP model to assess the transmissibility of the SARS-CoV-2. Results The value of R 0 was estimated of 2.30 from reservoir to person and 3.58 from person to person which means that the expected number of secondary infections that result from introducing a single infected individual into an otherwise susceptible population was 3.58. Conclusions Our model showed that the transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2 was higher than the Middle East respiratory syndrome in the Middle East countries, similar to severe acute respiratory syndrome, but lower than MERS in the Republic of Korea.
JO  - Infectious Diseases of Poverty
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
PG  - 1-8
SP  - 1
EP  - 8
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s40249-020-00640-3
UR  - https://doaj.org/article/2031d096522e44d4a4621ed0a4f66d14
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Detectable 2019-nCoV viral RNA in blood is a strong indicator for the further clinical severity
AU  - Chen, W.
AU  - Lan, Y.
AU  - Yuan, X.
AU  - Deng, X.
AU  - Li, Y.
AU  - Cai, X.
AU  - Li, L.
AU  - He, R.
AU  - Tan, Y.
AU  - Gao, M.
AU  - Tang, G.
AU  - Zhao, L.
AU  - Wang, J.
AU  - Fan, Q.
AU  - Wen, C.
AU  - Tong, Y.
AU  - Tang, Y.
AU  - Hu, F.
AU  - Li, F.
AU  - Tang, X.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection caused pneumonia. we retrospectively analyzed the virus presence in the pharyngeal swab, blood, and the anal swab detected by real-time PCR in the clinical lab. Unexpectedly, the 2109-nCoV RNA was readily detected in the blood (6 of 57 patients) and the anal swabs (11 of 28 patients). Importantly, all of the 6 patients with detectable viral RNA in the blood cohort progressed to severe symptom stage, indicating a strong correlation of serum viral RNA with the disease severity (p-value = 0.0001). Meanwhile, 8 of the 11 patients with annal swab virus-positive was in severe clinical stage. However, the concentration of viral RNA in the anal swab (Ct value = 24 + 39) was higher than in the blood (Ct value = 34 + 39) from patient 2, suggesting that the virus might replicate in the digestive tract. Altogether, our results confirmed the presence of virus RNA in extra-pulmonary sites.
JO  - Emerging microbes & infections
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
PG  - 469-473
SP  - 469
EP  - 473
AN  - 32102625
DO  - 10.1080/22221751.2020.1732837
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - First two months of the 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) epidemic in China: real-time surveillance and evaluation with a second derivative model
AU  - Chen, Xinguang
AU  - Yu, Bin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Similar to outbreaks of many other infectious diseases, success in controlling the novel 2019 coronavirus infection requires a timely and accurate monitoring of the epidemic, particularly during its early period with rather limited data while the need for information increases explosively.
JO  - Global Health Research and Policy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 5
IS  - 1
PG  - 7
SP  - 7
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s41256-020-00137-4
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1186/s41256-020-00137-4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus just caused the American Physical Society to cancel its biggest meeting of the year | Science | AAAS
AU  - Cho, Adrian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Citing the growing threat of the coronavirus, the American Physical Society (APS), the 55,000 member professional society for physicists and researchers in associated fields, cancelled its largest meeting of the year just 34 hours before it was supposed to begin. APS’s March Meeting was to be held this week at the Colorado Convention Center in Denver, and the society anticipated more than 10,000 people from all over the world would attend. However, late yesterday, APS issued a statement abruptly calling off the meeting. “The decision to cancel was based on the latest scientific data being reported, and the fact that a large number of attendees at this meeting are coming from outside the U.S.,” including countries where the virus is circulating and for which the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have advised people to avoid non-essential travel, the APS statement says. “[T]his decision was made out of deep concern for the health and well-being of our registrants, staff, vendors, and the Denver community.”
JO  - Science Magazine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/03/coronavirus-just-caused-american-physical-society-cancel-its-biggest-meeting-year
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Genome Detective Coronavirus Typing Tool for rapid identification and characterization of novel coronavirus genomes
AU  - Cleemput, S.
AU  - Dumon, W.
AU  - Fonseca, V.
AU  - Karim, W. A.
AU  - Giovanetti, M.
AU  - Alcantara, L. C.
AU  - Deforche, K.
AU  - de Oliveira, T.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - SUMMARY: Genome Detective is a web-based, user-friendly software application to quickly and accurately assemble all known virus genomes from next generation sequencing datasets. This application allows the identification of phylogenetic clusters and genotypes from assembled genomes in FASTA format. Since its release in 2019, we have produced a number of typing tools for emergent viruses that have caused large outbreaks, such as Zika and Yellow Fever Virus in Brazil. Here, we present The Genome Detective Coronavirus Typing Tool that can accurately identify the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) related coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) sequences isolated in China and around the world. The tool can accept up to 2,000 sequences per submission and the analysis of a new whole genome sequence will take approximately one minute. The tool has been tested and validated with hundreds of whole genomes from ten coronavirus species, and correctly classified all of the SARS-related coronavirus (SARSr-CoV) and all of the available public data for SARS-CoV-2. The tool also allows tracking of new viral mutations as the outbreak expands globally, which may help to accelerate the development of novel diagnostics, drugs and vaccines to stop the COVID-19 disease. AVAILABILITY: https://www.genomedetective.com/app/typingtool/cov. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
JO  - Bioinformatics (Oxford, England)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32108862
DO  - 10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa145
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - In bid to rapidly expand coronavirus testing, U.S. agency abruptly changes rules | Science | AAAS
AU  - Cohen, Jon
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) today recommended a dramatic shift in how it implements regulations that control whether laboratories can use diagnostic kits created in-house to test for infections of coronavirus-2019 (COVID-19). “We issued a policy this morning that allows us to have a lot of flexibility around the development of diagnostic tests,” said FDA Commissioner Stephen Hahn at a White House briefing with President Donald Trump this afternoon. “We expect this policy to have a significant impact.” The change could greatly expand the number of laboratories able to do coronavirus testing. The U.S. government has come under severe criticism for not providing nearly enough tests needed to understand the extent of spread in the population. A test kit produced and distributed by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) was shelved after state and local lab trying it out discovered that it contained a faulty reagent. As a result, many labs that have the capability to test themselves have not been allowed to do so. The new recommendations focus on “high-complexity testing laboratories” that are certified under federal rules known as Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments. This group of facilities includes many hospital labs, like the one that epidemiologist Michael Mina works at Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston. “Essentially it’s opening up a clear and concise avenue for labs like the one at Brigham and Women’s,” says Mina. “It’s what I’ve been advocating for a month now.”
JO  - Science Magazine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/02/bid-rapidly-expand-coronavirus-testing-us-agency-abruptly-changes-rules
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The United States badly bungled coronavirus testing—but things may soon improve | Science | AAAS
AU  - Cohen, Jon
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Speed is critical in the response to COVID-19. So why has the United States been so slow in its attempt to develop reliable diagnostic tests and use them widely? The World Health Organization (WHO) has shipped testing kits to 57 countries. China had five commercial tests on the market 1 month ago and can now do up to 1.6 million tests a week; South Korea has tested 65,000 people so far. The U. S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), in contrast, has done only 459 tests since the epidemic began. The rollout of a CDC-designed test kit to state and local labs has become a fiasco because it contained a faulty reagent. Labs around the country eager to test more suspected cases—and test them faster—have been unable to do so. No commercial or state labs have the approval to use their own tests. In what is already an infamous snafu, CDC initially refused a request to test a patient in Northern California who turned out to be the first probable COVID19 case without known links to an infected person.
JO  - Science Magazine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/02/united-states-badly-bungled-coronavirus-testing-things-may-soon-improve
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: Italy confirms 11 deaths as cases spread from north
AU  - Day, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m757
SP  - m757
EP  - 
AN  - 32102793
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m757
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19—New Insights on a Rapidly Changing Epidemic
AU  - del Rio, Carlos
AU  - Malani, Preeti N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since first reported in Wuhan, China, in late December 2019, the outbreak of the novel coronavirus now known as SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) has spread globally. As of February 27, 2020, more than 82 000 cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (the disease caused by SARS-CoV-2) and 2800 deaths have been reported, of which approximately 95% of cases and 97% of deaths are in China. Cases have now been reported in 49 other countries. A particularly large outbreak occurred among the passengers and crew of the Diamond Princess cruise ship, where more than 700 infections are reported.
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.3072
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.3072
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Subunit Vaccines Against Emerging Pathogenic Human Coronaviruses
AU  - Du, Ning Wang
AU  - Jian, Shang
AU  - Shibo, Jiang
AU  - Lanying
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Seven coronaviruses (CoVs) have been isolated from humans so far. Among them, three emerging pathogenic CoVs, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and a newly identified CoV (2019-nCoV), once caused or continue to cause severe infections in humans, posing significant threats to global public health. SARS-CoV infection in humans (with about 10% case fatality rate) was first reported from China in 2002, while MERS-CoV infection in humans (with about 34.4% case fatality rate) was first reported from Saudi Arabia in June 2012. 2019-nCoV was first reported from China in December 2019, and is currently infecting more than 70000 people (with about 2.7% case fatality rate). Both SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV are zoonotic viruses, using bats as their natural reservoirs, and then transmitting through intermediate hosts, leading to human infections. Nevertheless, the intermediate host for 2019-nCoV is still under investigation and the vaccines against this new CoV have not been available. Although a variety of vaccines have been developed against infections of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, none of them has been approved for use in humans. In this review, we have described the structure and function of key proteins of emerging human CoVs, overviewed the current vaccine types to be developed against SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, and summarized recent advances in subunit vaccines against these two pathogenic human CoVs. These subunit vaccines are introduced on the basis of full-length spike (S) protein, receptor-binding domain (RBD), non-RBD S protein fragments, and non-S structural proteins, and the potential factors affecting these subunit vaccines are also illustrated. Overall, this review will be helpful for rapid design and development of vaccines against the new 2019-nCoV and any future CoVs with pandemic potential. This review was written for the topic of Antivirals for Emerging Viruses: Vaccines and Therapeutics in the Virology section of Frontiers in Microbiology.
JO  - Frontiers in Microbiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 11
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00298
UR  - https://doaj.org/article/b04257819ab448ee9e6944261914a8c7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Saudi Arabia`s measures to curb the COVID-19 outbreak: temporary suspension of the Umrah pilgrimage
AU  - Ebrahim, S. H.
AU  - Memish, Z. A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of travel medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32109274
DO  - 10.1093/jtm/taaa029
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Anti-HCV, nucleotide inhibitors, repurposing against COVID-19
AU  - Elfiky, Abdo A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Aims A newly emerged Human Coronavirus (HCoV) is reported two months ago in Wuhan, China (COVID-19). Until today >2700 deaths from the 80,000 confirmed cases reported mainly in China and 40 other countries. Human to human transmission is confirmed for COVID-19 by China a month ago. Based on the World Health Organization (WHO) reports, SARS HCoV is responsible for >8000 cases with confirmed 774 deaths. Additionally, MERS HCoV is responsible for 858 deaths out of about 2500 reported cases. The current study aims to test anti-HCV drugs against COVID-19 RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). Materials and methods In this study, sequence analysis, modeling, and docking are used to build a model for Wuhan COVID-19 RdRp. Additionally, the newly emerged Wuhan HCoV RdRp model is targeted by anti-polymerase drugs, including the approved drugs Sofosbuvir and Ribavirin. Key findings The results suggest the effectiveness of Sofosbuvir, IDX-184, Ribavirin, and Remidisvir as potent drugs against the newly emerged HCoV disease. Significance The present study presents a perfect model for COVID-19 RdRp enabling its testing in silico against anti-polymerase drugs. Besides, the study presents some drugs that previously proved its efficiency against the newly emerged viral infection.
JO  - Life Sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 117477
SP  - 117477
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117477
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0024320520302253
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19 — Navigating the Uncharted
AU  - Fauci, Anthony S.
AU  - Lane, H. Clifford
AU  - Redfield, Robert R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In their Journal article, Li and colleagues3 provide a detailed clinical and epidemiologic description of the first 425 cases reported in the epicenter of the outbreak: the city of Wuhan in Hubei province, China. Although this information is critical in informing the appropriate response to this outbreak, as the authors point out, the study faces the limitation associated with reporting in real time the evolution of an emerging pathogen in its earliest stages. Nonetheless, a degree of clarity is emerging from this report. The median age of the patients was 59 years, with higher morbidity and mortality among the elderly and among those with coexisting conditions (similar to the situation with influenza); 56% of the patients were male. Of note, there were no cases in children younger than 15 years of age. Either children are less likely to become infected, which would have important epidemiologic implications, or their symptoms were so mild that their infection escaped detection, which has implications for the size of the denominator of total community infections.
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMe2002387
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMe2002387
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Q&A: The novel coronavirus outbreak causing COVID-19
AU  - Heymann, Dale Fisher
AU  - David
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - What is COVID-19, and what do we know so far about its clinical presentation? The virus responsible for COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, is in the species SARS-like corona viruses. At 125 nm, it is slightly larger than influenza, SARS and MERS viruses. It is almost certainly a descendant from a bat corona virus of which there are many. The closest is a virus that originated from the Rhinolophus bat which is > 96% homologous with the current SARS-CoV-2 virus. It is only 79% homologous with the original SARS CoV [1]. The near identical gene sequences of 90 analysed cases from outside of China suggests it has likely emerged after a solitary species jump in early December 2019 from an unknown (likely mammalian) intermediate host [2]. Pangolins are an endangered ant-eating mammal from which scientists in Guangzhou have shown a coronavirus with 99% homology, with a receptor binding domain identical to that of SARS-CoV-2. However, this has not been confirmed, and, in addition, the pangolin's rarity means this may not be the only mammal involved.
JO  - BMC Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 18
IS  - 1
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s12916-020-01533-w
UR  - https://doaj.org/article/3f0cfadb54f449919589b167e9f2ecc3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Responding to Covid-19 — A Once-in-a-Century Pandemic?
AU  - Gates, Bill
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In any crisis, leaders have two equally important responsibilities: solve the immediate problem and keep it from happening again. The Covid-19 pandemic is a case in point. We need to save lives now while also improving the way we respond to outbreaks in general. The first point is more pressing, but the second has crucial long-term consequences. The long-term challenge — improving our ability to respond to outbreaks — isn’t new. Global health experts have been saying for years that another pandemic whose speed and severity rivaled those of the 1918 influenza epidemic was a matter not of if but of when.1 The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation has committed substantial resources in recent years to helping the world prepare for such a scenario. Now we also face an immediate crisis. In the past week, Covid-19 has started behaving a lot like the once-in-a-century pathogen we’ve been worried about. I hope it’s not that bad, but we should assume it will be until we know otherwise. There are two reasons that Covid-19 is such a threat. First, it can kill healthy adults in addition to elderly people with existing health problems. The data so far suggest that the virus has a case fatality risk around 1%; this rate would make it many times more severe than typical seasonal influenza, putting it somewhere between the 1957 influenza pandemic (0.6%) and the 1918 influenza pandemic (2%).2
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMp2003762
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp2003762
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel coronavirus COVID-19: an overview for emergency clinicians
AU  - Giwa, A.
AU  - Desai, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Prior to the global outbreak of SARS-CoV in 2003, HCoV-229E and HCoV-OC43 were the only coronaviruses known to infect humans. Following the SARS outbreak, 5 additional coronaviruses have been discovered in humans, most recently the novel coronavirus COVID-19, believed to have originated in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. SARS-CoV and MERSCoV are particularly pathogenic in humans and are associated with high mortality. In this review, the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and management of the recently discovered COVID-19 are reviewed, with a focus on best practices and the public health implications.
JO  - Emergency medicine practice
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 22
IS  - 2 Suppl 2
PG  - 1-21
SP  - 1
EP  - 21
AN  - 32105049
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Treatment of pancreatic diseases and prevention of infection during outbreak of 2019 coronavirus disease]
AU  - Gou, S. M.
AU  - Yin, T.
AU  - Xiong, J. X.
AU  - Peng, T.
AU  - Li, Y.
AU  - Wu, H. S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To explorethe proper protective measures for pancreaticdiseases treatment during theoutbreak of 2019 coronavirus disease(COVID-19). Method: Clinical data of four cases of patients that suffered COVID-19from February 2(nd), 2020 to February 9(th), 2020 in pancreatic surgery were reviewed.After the first patientscuffednosocomial infection of COVID-19, the general protective measures in our department wereupdated.Only one patient was admitted to each room alone, with no more than one caregiver.The body temperature of care givers was measuredtwice a day.Primary protections were applied to all staff.The floor was sterilized using disinfectant with an effective chlorine concentration of 1000 mg/L.The protective measures for interventional procedures were as follow.Primary protection was applied to the operators ofcentral venipuncture catheter, percutaneous abdominal/pleural drainage, percutaneous retroperitoneal drainage, percutaneous transhepatic cholangial drainage and other surgical procedures with local anesthesiaand epidural anesthesia.Secondary protection was applied to the operators of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and surgical procedures with general anesthesia. Results: During Feb 2(nd), 2020 to Feb 9(th), 2020, four patients in our department were diagnosed with COVID-19, of which one was died of COVID-19, two were cured, and one is still in hospital for COVID-19.After the update ofprotective measures in our department, no more nosocomial infection of COVID-19occurred.Two central venipuncture catheter, three percutaneous abdominal/pleural drainage, one percutaneous retroperitoneal drainage, one percuteneous transhepatic cholecyst drainage and one open surgery with general anesthesia were performed with no infection of operators. Conclusions: The caregivers of patients are potential infection source of COVID-19.Enhanced protective measures including the management measures of caregivers can decrease the risk of nosocomial infection of COVID-19.
JO  - Zhonghua wai ke za zhi [Chinese journal of surgery]
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 58
IS  - 0
PG  - E006
SP  - E006
EP  - 
AN  - 32107909
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112139-20200224-00123
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China
AU  - Guan, Wei-jie
AU  - Ni, Zheng-yi
AU  - Hu, Yu
AU  - Liang, Wen-hua
AU  - Ou, Chun-quan
AU  - He, Jian-xing
AU  - Liu, Lei
AU  - Shan, Hong
AU  - Lei, Chun-liang
AU  - Hui, David S. C.
AU  - Du, Bin
AU  - Li, Lan-juan
AU  - Zeng, Guang
AU  - Yuen, Kwok-Yung
AU  - Chen, Ru-chong
AU  - Tang, Chun-li
AU  - Wang, Tao
AU  - Chen, Ping-yan
AU  - Xiang, Jie
AU  - Li, Shi-yue
AU  - Wang, Jin-lin
AU  - Liang, Zi-jing
AU  - Peng, Yi-xiang
AU  - Wei, Li
AU  - Liu, Yong
AU  - Hu, Ya-hua
AU  - Peng, Peng
AU  - Wang, Jian-ming
AU  - Liu, Ji-yang
AU  - Chen, Zhong
AU  - Li, Gang
AU  - Zheng, Zhi-jian
AU  - Qiu, Shao-qin
AU  - Luo, Jie
AU  - Ye, Chang-jiang
AU  - Zhu, Shao-yong
AU  - Zhong, Nan-shan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND Since December 2019, when coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) emerged in Wuhan city and rapidly spread throughout China, data have been needed on the clinical characteristics of the affected patients. METHODS We extracted data regarding 1099 patients with laboratory-confirmed Covid-19 from 552 hospitals in 30 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities in China through January 29, 2020. The primary composite end point was admission to an intensive care unit (ICU), the use of mechanical ventilation, or death. RESULTS The median age of the patients was 47 years; 41.9% of the patients were female. The primary composite end point occurred in 67 patients (6.1%), including 5.0% who were admitted to the ICU, 2.3% who underwent invasive mechanical ventilation, and 1.4% who died. Only 1.9% of the patients had a history of direct contact with wildlife. Among nonresidents of Wuhan, 72.3% had contact with residents of Wuhan, including 31.3% who had visited the city. The most common symptoms were fever (43.8% on admission and 88.7% during hospitalization) and cough (67.8%). Diarrhea was uncommon (3.8%). The median incubation period was 4 days (interquartile range, 2 to 7). On admission, ground-glass opacity was the most common radiologic finding on chest computed tomography (CT) (56.4%). No radiographic or CT abnormality was found in 157 of 877 patients (17.9%) with nonsevere disease and in 5 of 173 patients (2.9%) with severe disease. Lymphocytopenia was present in 83.2% of the patients on admission. CONCLUSIONS During the first 2 months of the current outbreak, Covid-19 spread rapidly throughout China and caused varying degrees of illness. Patients often presented without fever, and many did not have abnormal radiologic findings. (Funded by the National Health Commission of China and others.)
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMoa2002032
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2002032
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Feasibility of controlling COVID-19 outbreaks by isolation of cases and contacts
AU  - Hellewell, Joel
AU  - Abbott, Sam
AU  - Gimma, Amy
AU  - Bosse, Nikos I.
AU  - Jarvis, Christopher I.
AU  - Russell, Timothy W.
AU  - Munday, James D.
AU  - Kucharski, Adam J.
AU  - Edmunds, W. John
AU  - Sun, Fiona
AU  - Flasche, Stefan
AU  - Quilty, Billy J.
AU  - Davies, Nicholas
AU  - Liu, Yang
AU  - Clifford, Samuel
AU  - Klepac, Petra
AU  - Jit, Mark
AU  - Diamond, Charlie
AU  - Gibbs, Hamish
AU  - van Zandvoort, Kevin
AU  - Funk, Sebastian
AU  - Eggo, Rosalind M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Summary Background Isolation of cases and contact tracing is used to control outbreaks of infectious diseases, and has been used for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Whether this strategy will achieve control depends on characteristics of both the pathogen and the response. Here we use a mathematical model to assess if isolation and contact tracing are able to control onwards transmission from imported cases of COVID-19. Methods We developed a stochastic transmission model, parameterised to the COVID-19 outbreak. We used the model to quantify the potential effectiveness of contact tracing and isolation of cases at controlling a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-like pathogen. We considered scenarios that varied in the number of initial cases, the basic reproduction number (R0), the delay from symptom onset to isolation, the probability that contacts were traced, the proportion of transmission that occurred before symptom onset, and the proportion of subclinical infections. We assumed isolation prevented all further transmission in the model. Outbreaks were deemed controlled if transmission ended within 12 weeks or before 5000 cases in total. We measured the success of controlling outbreaks using isolation and contact tracing, and quantified the weekly maximum number of cases traced to measure feasibility of public health effort. Findings Simulated outbreaks starting with five initial cases, an R0 of 1·5, and 0% transmission before symptom onset could be controlled even with low contact tracing probability; however, the probability of controlling an outbreak decreased with the number of initial cases, when R0 was 2·5 or 3·5 and with more transmission before symptom onset. Across different initial numbers of cases, the majority of scenarios with an R0 of 1·5 were controllable with less than 50% of contacts successfully traced. To control the majority of outbreaks, for R0 of 2·5 more than 70% of contacts had to be traced, and for an R0 of 3·5 more than 90% of contacts had to be traced. The delay between symptom onset and isolation had the largest role in determining whether an outbreak was controllable when R0 was 1·5. For R0 values of 2·5 or 3·5, if there were 40 initial cases, contact tracing and isolation were only potentially feasible when less than 1% of transmission occurred before symptom onset. Interpretation In most scenarios, highly effective contact tracing and case isolation is enough to control a new outbreak of COVID-19 within 3 months. The probability of control decreases with long delays from symptom onset to isolation, fewer cases ascertained by contact tracing, and increasing transmission before symptoms. This model can be modified to reflect updated transmission characteristics and more specific definitions of outbreak control to assess the potential success of local response efforts. Funding Wellcome Trust, Global Challenges Research Fund, and Health Data Research UK.
JO  - The Lancet Global Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30074-7
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214109X20300747
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus disinfection in histopathology
AU  - Henwood, Anthony F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The 2019 Coronavirus epidemic, provisionally called 2019-nCoV, was first identified in Wuhan, China, in persons exposed to a seafood or wet market. There is an international push to contain the virus and prevent its spread. It is feasible that potentially infectious samples may be received in histopathology laboratories for diagnosis. This technical note presents disinfection procedures and histotechnology processes that should alleviate the risk of infection to laboratory staff. Using data obtained from similar coronaviruses, e.g. severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), experts are confident that 70% ethanol and 0.1% sodium hypochlorite should inactivate the virus. Formalin fixation and heating samples to 56oC, as used in routine tissue processing, were found to inactivate several coronaviruses and it is believed that 2019-nCoV would be similarly affected.
JO  - Journal of Histotechnology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/01478885.2020.1734718
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/01478885.2020.1734718
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Radiology Perspective of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Lessons From Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome
AU  - Hosseiny, M.
AU  - Kooraki, S.
AU  - Gholamrezanezhad, A.
AU  - Reddy, S.
AU  - Myers, L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE. Since the outbreak of the novel coronavirus pulmonary illness coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China, more than 79,000 people have contracted the virus worldwide. The virus is rapidly spreading with human-to-human transmission despite imposed precautions. Because similar pulmonary syndromes have been reported from other strains of the coronavirus family, our aim is to review the lessons from imaging studies obtained during severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) outbreaks. CONCLUSION. The review of experiences with the MERS and SARS outbreaks will help us better understand the role of the radiologist in combating the outbreak of COVID-19. The known imaging manifestations of the novel coronavirus and the possible unknowns will also be discussed.
JO  - AJR. American journal of roentgenology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-5
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
AN  - 32108495
DO  - 10.2214/ajr.20.22969
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A family cluster of SARS-CoV-2 infection involving 11 patients in Nanjing, China
AU  - Huang, Rui
AU  - Xia, Juan
AU  - Chen, Yuxin
AU  - Shan, Chun
AU  - Wu, Chao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30147-X
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S147330992030147X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical characteristics of laboratory confirmed positive cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Wuhan, China: A retrospective single center analysis
AU  - Huang, Yihui
AU  - Tu, Mengqi
AU  - Wang, Shipei
AU  - Chen, Sichao
AU  - Zhou, Wei
AU  - Chen, Danyang
AU  - Zhou, Lin
AU  - Wang, Min
AU  - Zhao, Yan
AU  - Zeng, Wen
AU  - Huang, Qi
AU  - Xu, Hai'bo
AU  - Liu, Zeming
AU  - Guo, Liang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101606
SP  - 101606
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101606
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893920300739
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Update: Public Health Response to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Outbreak - United States, February 24, 2020
AU  - Jernigan, D. B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - An outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) began in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China in December 2019, and has spread throughout China and to 31 other countries and territories, including the United States (1). As of February 23, 2020, there were 76,936 reported cases in mainland China and 1,875 cases in locations outside mainland China (1). There have been 2,462 associated deaths worldwide; no deaths have been reported in the United States. Fourteen cases have been diagnosed in the United States, and an additional 39 cases have occurred among repatriated persons from high-risk settings, for a current total of 53 cases within the United States. This report summarizes the aggressive measures (2,3) that CDC, state and local health departments, multiple other federal agencies, and other partners are implementing to slow and try to contain transmission of COVID-19 in the United States. These measures require the identification of cases and contacts of persons with COVID-19 in the United States and the recommended assessment, monitoring, and care of travelers arriving from areas with substantial COVID-19 transmission. Although these measures might not prevent widespread transmission of the virus in the United States, they are being implemented to 1) slow the spread of illness; 2) provide time to better prepare state and local health departments, health care systems, businesses, educational organizations, and the general public in the event that widespread transmission occurs; and 3) better characterize COVID-19 to guide public health recommendations and the development and deployment of medical countermeasures, including diagnostics, therapeutics, and vaccines. U.S. public health authorities are monitoring the situation closely, and CDC is coordinating efforts with the World Health Organization (WHO) and other global partners. Interim guidance is available at https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/index.html. As more is learned about this novel virus and this outbreak, CDC will rapidly incorporate new knowledge into guidance for action by CDC, state and local health departments, health care providers, and communities.
JO  - MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 69
IS  - 8
PG  - 216-219
SP  - 216
EP  - 219
AN  - 32106216
DO  - 10.15585/mmwr.mm6908e1
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Psychological crisis intervention during the outbreak period of new coronavirus pneumonia from experience in Shanghai
AU  - Jiang, Xixi
AU  - Deng, Lili
AU  - Zhu, Yuncheng
AU  - Ji, Haifeng
AU  - Tao, Lily
AU  - Liu, Li
AU  - Yang, Daoliang
AU  - Ji, Weidong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since the middle of December 2019, human-to-human transmission of novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) has occurred among close contacts. At the same time, greater attention should be paid to psychological crisis intervention (PCI) among affected populations, for the timely prevention of inestimable damage from a secondary psychological crisis. PCI has been initiated via remote (telephone and internet) and onsite medical services to help medical workers, patients, and others affected to overcome any psychological difficulties. This paper outlines experiences based on the work of the Shanghai Medical Team.
JO  - Psychiatry Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 112903
SP  - 112903
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112903
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165178120304200
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Well Infant with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) with High Viral Load
AU  - Kam, Kai-qian
AU  - Yung, Chee Fu
AU  - Cui, Lin
AU  - Lin Tzer Pin, Raymond
AU  - Mak, Tze Minn
AU  - Maiwald, Matthias
AU  - Li, Jiahui
AU  - Chong, Chia Yin
AU  - Nadua, Karen
AU  - Tan, Natalie Woon Hui
AU  - Thoon, Koh Cheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A well 6-month-old infant with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) had persistently positive nasopharyngeal swabs to day 16 of admission. This case highlights the difficulties in establishing the true incidence of COVID-19 as asymptomatic individuals can excrete the virus. These patients may play important roles in human-to-human transmission in the community.
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa201
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa201
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Essentials for Radiologists on COVID-19: An Update-Radiology Scientific Expert Panel
AU  - Kanne, J. P.
AU  - Little, B. P.
AU  - Chung, J. H.
AU  - Elicker, B. M.
AU  - Ketai, L. H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 200527
SP  - 200527
EP  - 
AN  - 32105562
DO  - 10.1148/radiol.2020200527
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Is the Africa prepared for tackling the COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) epidemic? - lessons from past outbreaks, ongoing pan-African public health efforts, and implications for the future
AU  - Kapata, Nathan
AU  - Ihekweazu, Chikwe
AU  - Ntoumi, Francine
AU  - Tajudeen, Raji
AU  - Chanda-Kapata, Pascalina
AU  - Mwaba, Peter
AU  - Mukonka, Victor
AU  - Bates, Matthew
AU  - Tembo, John
AU  - Corman, Victor
AU  - Mfinanga, Sayoki
AU  - Asogun, Danny
AU  - Elton, Linzy
AU  - Arruda, Liã Bárbara
AU  - Thomason, Margaret J.
AU  - Mboera, Leonard
AU  - Yavlinsky, Alexei
AU  - Haider, Najmul
AU  - Simons, David
AU  - Hollmann, Lara
AU  - Lule, Swaib A.
AU  - Veas, Francisco
AU  - Abdel Hamid, Muzamil Mahdi
AU  - Dar, Osman
AU  - Edwards, Sarah
AU  - Vairo, Francesco
AU  - McHugh, Timothy D.
AU  - Drosten, Christian
AU  - Kock, Richard
AU  - Ippolito, Giuseppe
AU  - Zumla, Alimuddin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.02.049
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971220301077
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Occupational risks for COVID-19
AU  - Koh, D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Occupational medicine (Oxford, England)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32107548
DO  - 10.1093/occmed/kqaa036
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Positive RT-PCR Test Results in Patients Recovered From COVID-19
AU  - Lan, L.
AU  - Xu, D.
AU  - Ye, G.
AU  - Xia, C.
AU  - Wang, S.
AU  - Li, Y.
AU  - Xu, H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Jama
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32105304
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.2783
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Treatment strategies of Budd-Chiari syndrome during the epidemic period of 2019 coronavirus disease]
AU  - Li, L. H.
AU  - Zhang, G.
AU  - Dang, X. W.
AU  - Li, L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Prevention and control about the situation of 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) are grim at present. In addition to supporting the frontline actively, medical workers in general surgery spare no efforts in making good diagnosis and treatment of specialized diseases by optimizing treatment process, providing medical advice online, mastering indications of delayed operation and emergency operation reasonably, etc. Budd-Chiari syndrome is a complex disorder, and severity of the disease varies, serious cases can be life threatening. While fighting the epidemic, medical workers should also ensure the medical needs of patients. However, instead of continuing the traditional treatment, a new management system should be developed. Based on the characteristics of Budd-Chiari syndrome patients in China and our experience, we divide the patients into ordinary and critical cases, and treatment strategies suitable for the epidemic period of COVID-19 are put forward for reference and discussion by physicians.
JO  - Zhonghua wai ke za zhi [Chinese journal of surgery]
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 58
IS  - 0
PG  - E007
SP  - E007
EP  - 
AN  - 32108459
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112139-20200221-00109
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [The keypoints in treatment of the critical coronavirus disease 2019 patient]
AU  - Li, X. Y.
AU  - Du, B.
AU  - Wang, Y. S.
AU  - Kang, H. Y. J.
AU  - Wang, F.
AU  - Sun, B.
AU  - Qiu, H. B.
AU  - Tong, Z. H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The treatment of critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) faces compelling challenges. In this issue, we'd like to share our first-line treatment experience in treating COVID-19. Hemodynamics need be closely monitored and different types of shock should be distinguished. Vasoconstrictor drugs should be used rationally and alerting of complications is of the same importance. The risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) needs to be assessed, and effective prevention should be carried out for high-risk patients. It is necessary to consider the possibility of pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) in patients with sudden onset of oxygenation deterioration, respiratory distress, reduced blood pressure. However, comprehensive analysis of disease state should be taken into the interpretation of abnormally elevated D-Dimer. Nutritional support is the basis of treatment. It's important to establish individual therapy regimens and to evaluate, monitor and adjust dynamically. Under the current epidemic situation, convalescent plasma can only be used empirically, indications need to be strictly screened, the blood transfusion process should be closely monitored and the curative effect should be dynamically evaluated.
JO  - Zhonghua jie he he hu xi za zhi = Zhonghua jiehe he huxi zazhi = Chinese journal of tuberculosis and respiratory diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 0
PG  - E026
SP  - E026
EP  - 
AN  - 32111113
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20200224-00159
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Surgical treatment for esophageal cancer during the outbreak of COVID-19]
AU  - Li, Y.
AU  - Qin, J. J.
AU  - Wang, Z.
AU  - Yu, Y.
AU  - Wen, Y. Y.
AU  - Chen, X. K.
AU  - Liu, W. X.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, unexplained pneumonia has appeared in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, and a new type of coronavirus infection was confirmed as COVID-19. COVID-19 spread rapidly nationwide and abroad. The COVID-19 has brought huge impacts to all the people and walks of life, especially to the medical and health systems. It has also brought great challenges to the treatment of patients with cancer. Esophageal cancer is a common malignant tumor in China and most of the patients are in the middle and advanced stage when diagnosed, with immunosuppressive and poor prognosis. The selection of surgical procedures and perioperative managements of esophageal cancer require all thoracic surgeons work together to figure out a reasonable system of surgical treatment and emergency response.
JO  - Zhonghua zhong liu za zhi [Chinese journal of oncology]
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 42
IS  - 0
PG  - E003
SP  - E003
EP  - 
AN  - 32105052
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20200226-00128
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Diarrhoea may be underestimated: a missing link in 2019 novel coronavirus
AU  - Liang, W.
AU  - Feng, Z.
AU  - Rao, S.
AU  - Xiao, C.
AU  - Xue, X.
AU  - Lin, Z.
AU  - Zhang, Q.
AU  - Qi, W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Gut
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32102928
DO  - 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-320832
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel coronavirus disease (Covid-19): the first two patients in the UK with person to person transmission
AU  - Lillie, Patrick J.
AU  - Samson, Anda
AU  - Li, Ang
AU  - Adams, Kate
AU  - Capstick, Richard
AU  - Barlow, Gavin D.
AU  - Easom, Nicholas
AU  - Hamilton, Eve
AU  - Moss, Peter J.
AU  - Evans, Adam
AU  - Ivan, Monica
AU  - Team, P. H. E. Incident
AU  - Taha, Yusri
AU  - Duncan, Christopher J. A.
AU  - Schmid, Matthias L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.02.020
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016344532030102X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Analysis on epidemic situation and spatiotemporal changes of COVID-19 in Anhui]
AU  - Liu, M.
AU  - Xu, H. L.
AU  - Yuan, M.
AU  - Liu, Z. R.
AU  - Wu, X. Y.
AU  - Zhang, Y.
AU  - Ma, L. Y.
AU  - Gong, L.
AU  - Gan, H.
AU  - Zong, W. W.
AU  - Tao, S. M.
AU  - Liu, Q.
AU  - Du, Y. N.
AU  - Tao, F. B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We used the epidemic data of COVID-19 published on the official website of the municipal health commission in Anhui province. We mapped the spatiotemporal changes of confirmed cases, fitted the epidemic situation by the population growth curve at different stages and took statistical description and analysis of the epidemic situation in Anhui province. It was found that the cumulative incidence of COVID-19 was 156/100 000 by February 18, 2020 and the trend of COVID-19 epidemic declined after February 7, changing from J curve to S curve. The actual number of new cases began to decrease from February 2 to February 4 due to the time of case report and actual onset delayed by 3 to 5 days.
JO  - Zhonghua yu fang yi xue za zhi [Chinese journal of preventive medicine]
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 0
PG  - E019
SP  - E019
EP  - 
AN  - 32107910
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20200221-00150
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - No credible evidence supporting claims of the laboratory engineering of SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Liu, S. L.
AU  - Saif, L. J.
AU  - Weiss, S. R.
AU  - Su, L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Emerging microbes & infections
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
PG  - 505-507
SP  - 505
EP  - 507
AN  - 32102621
DO  - 10.1080/22221751.2020.1733440
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Consideration and suggestions on development of blood transfusion department under the epidemic situation of novel coronavirus pneumonia]
AU  - Liu, X. M.
AU  - Wang, D. Q.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zhonghua yi xue za zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 100
IS  - 0
PG  - E013
SP  - E013
EP  - 
AN  - 32108458
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20200221-00387
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Integrated infection control strategy to minimize nosocomial infection of corona virus disease 2019 among ENT healthcare workers
AU  - Lu, Dan
AU  - Wang, Haiyang
AU  - Yu, Rong
AU  - HuiYang
AU  - Zhao, Yu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Hospital Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2020.02.018
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S019567012030092X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Wuhan SARS-CoV-2 – What's Next for China
AU  - Lu, Hongzhou
AU  - Stratton, Charles W.
AU  - Tang, Yi-Wei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract When an outbreak of pneumonia of unknown etiology occurred in Wuhan city, Hubei Province, China in December of 2019, the mystery1 was the nature of the causative agent. Because many of the patients had visited a fish and wild animal market, the possibility of a recurrence of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) needed to be investigated2. Finally, could this outbreak of pneumonia be caused by a novel coronavirus that was different from those causing SARS or Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)3? This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25738
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25738
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and neonate: What neonatologist need to know
AU  - Lu, Qi
AU  - Shi, Yuan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) cause china epidemics with high morbidity and mortality, the infection has been transmitted to other countries. About 3 neonates and more than 230 children cases are reported. The disease condition of mainly children was mild. There is currently no evidence that SARS-CoV-2can be transmitted transplacentally from mother to the newborn. The treatment strategy for children with Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is based on adult experience. Thus far, no deaths have been reported in the paediatric age group. This review describes the current understanding of COVID-19 infection in newborns and children. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25740
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25740
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Recommendations for the regulation of medical practices of burn treatment during the outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019]
AU  - Ma, S. Y.
AU  - Yuan, Z. Q.
AU  - Peng, Y. Z.
AU  - Luo, Q. Z.
AU  - Song, H. P.
AU  - Xiang, F.
AU  - Tan, J. L.
AU  - Zhou, J. Y.
AU  - Li, N.
AU  - Hu, G. Z.
AU  - Luo, G. X.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) is one of the beta coronaviruses and was identified as the pathogen of the severe "coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)" in 2019. China has formally included the 2019-nCoV in the statutory notification and control system for infectious diseases according to the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Diseases. Currently, the national defending actions on the 2019-nCoV in China is in a critical period. Burn Department is also confronted with risk of infection by the 2019-nCoV. According to the guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 (6(th) trial edition), the latest relative literature at home and abroad, the features of the COVID-19, recommendations for the COVID-19 prevention and control issued by the National Health Commission of China, and management experience of diagnosis and treatment in the related disciplines, we put forward recommendations for the medical practices of burn treatment during the outbreak of the COVID-19 in outpatient and emergency treatment, inpatient treatment, operation and ward management, etc. We hope these recommendations could benefit the professionals of the same occupation as us and related hospital managers, improve the treatment of burn during the outbreak of the COVID-19, and avoid or reduce the risk of infection of medical staff .
JO  - Zhonghua shao shang za zhi = Zhonghua shaoshang zazhi = Chinese journal of burns
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 36
IS  - 0
PG  - E004
SP  - E004
EP  - 
AN  - 32111114
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn501120-20200224-00083
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Management strategies of neonatal jaundice during the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak
AU  - Ma, X. L.
AU  - Chen, Z.
AU  - Zhu, J. J.
AU  - Shen, X. X.
AU  - Wu, M. Y.
AU  - Shi, L. P.
AU  - Du, L. Z.
AU  - Fu, J. F.
AU  - Shu, Q.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV) has become a most challenging health emergency. Owing to rigorous quarantine and control measures taken in China, routine neonatal health surveillance and follow-up have become challenging. Without follow-up surveillance, some rapid and progressive newborn diseases, such as bilirubin encephalopathy, may be ignored. The characteristics of onset age of kernicterus suggest that monitoring of bilirubin level at home provides a useful way to alert hospital visits and to prevent the development of extremely hyperbilirubinemia. Therefore, we developed an online follow-up program for convenient monitoring of bilirubin level of newborns that is based on our practical experiences. The aim is to make our management strategies of neonatal jaundice tailored to the infection prevention and control during the COVID-19 epidemic.
JO  - World journal of pediatrics : WJP
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32112336
DO  - 10.1007/s12519-020-00347-3
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in the Shadows of MERS-CoV in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
AU  - Memish, Mazin Barry
AU  - Maha Al, Amri
AU  - Ziad, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) has plagued the Middle East since it was first reported in 2012. Recently, at the end of December 2019, a cluster of pneumonia cases were reported from Wuhan city, Hubei Province, China, linked to a wet seafood market with a new coronavirus identified as the etiologic agent currently named SARS-CoV-2. Most cases are in Mainland China with international spread to 25 countries. The novelty of the virus, the rapid national and international spread, and the lack of therapeutic and preventative strategies have led the WHO International Health Regulation emergency committee to declare the disease as Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) on January 30, 2020. As it relates to countries with the ongoing MERS-CoV community cases and hospital acquired infections, there will be a huge challenge for HCWs to deal with both coronaviruses, especially with the lack of standardized and approved point of care testing. This challenge will now be faced by the whole global health community dealing with COVID-19 since both coronaviruses have similar presentation. Those patients should now be tested for both MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 simultaneously, and with the continuing wide international spread of SARS-CoV-2, the travel history to China in the last 14 days will be of less significance
JO  - Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 10
IS  - 1
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2991/jegh.k.200218.003
UR  - https://doaj.org/article/544a08b29f9e4464b4e4588e3cd0d11e
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Transmission potential of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) onboard the Diamond Princess Cruises Ship, 2020
AU  - Mizumoto, Kenji
AU  - Chowell, Gerardo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - An outbreak of COVID-19 developed aboard the Princess Cruises Ship during January-February 2020. Using mathematical modeling and time-series incidence data describing the trajectory of the outbreak among passengers and crew members, we characterize how the transmission potential varied over the course of the outbreak. Our estimate of the mean reproduction number in the confined setting reached values as high as ∼11, which is higher than mean estimates reported from community-level transmission dynamics in China and Singapore (approximate range: 1.1-7). Our findings suggest that Rt decreased substantially compared to values during the early phase after the Japanese government implemented an enhanced quarantine control. Most recent estimates of Rt reached values largely below the epidemic threshold, indicating that a secondary outbreak of the novel coronavirus was unlikely to occur aboard the Diamond Princess Ship.
JO  - Infectious Disease Modelling
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idm.2020.02.003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468042720300063
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: school closures and bans on mass gatherings will need to be considered, says England's CMO
AU  - Moberly, T.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m806
SP  - m806
EP  - 
AN  - 32111656
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m806
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Backcalculating the Incidence of Infection with COVID-19 on the Diamond Princess Comparative Seasonal Respiratory Virus Epidemic Timing in Utah
AU  - Nishiura, Hiroshi
AU  - Callahan, Y. Zayne
AU  - Smith, K. Trevor
AU  - Ingersoll, Celeste
AU  - Gardner, Rebecca
AU  - Korgenski, K. E.
AU  - Sloan, D. Chantel
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - To understand the time-dependent risk of infection on a cruise ship, the Diamond Princess, I estimated the incidence of infection with novel coronavirus (COVID-19). The epidemic curve of a total of 199 confirmed cases was drawn, classifying individuals into passengers with and without close contact and crew members. A backcalculation method was employed to estimate the incidence of infection. The peak time of infection was seen for the time period from 2 to 4 February 2020, and the incidence has abruptly declined afterwards. The estimated number of new infections among passengers without close contact was very small from 5 February on which a movement restriction policy was imposed. Without the intervention from 5 February, it was predicted that the cumulative incidence with and without close contact would have been as large as 1373 (95% CI: 570, 2176) and 766 (95% CI: 587, 946) cases, respectively, while these were kept to be 102 and 47 cases, respectively. Based on an analysis of illness onset data on board, the risk of infection among passengers without close contact was considered to be very limited. Movement restriction greatly reduced the number of infections from 5 February onwards. Previous studies have found evidence of viral interference between seasonal respiratory viruses. Using laboratory-confirmed data from a Utah-based healthcare provider, Intermountain Health Care, we analyzed the time-specific patterns of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza A, influenza B, human metapneumovirus, rhinovirus, and enterovirus circulation from 2004 to 2018, using descriptive methods and wavelet analysis (n = 89,462) on a local level. The results showed that RSV virus dynamics in Utah were the most consistent of any of the viruses studied, and that the other seasonal viruses were generally in synchrony with RSV, except for enterovirus (which mostly occurs late summer to early fall) and influenza A and B during pandemic years.
JO  - Journal of Clinical Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 3
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/jcm9030657 10.3390/v12030275
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Immune responses in COVID-19 and potential vaccines: Lessons learned from SARS and MERS epidemic
AU  - Prompetchara, E.
AU  - Ketloy, C.
AU  - Palaga, T.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As the world is witnessing the epidemic of COVID-19, a disease caused by a novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, emerging genetics and clinical evidences suggest a similar path to those of SARS and MERS. The rapid genomic sequencing and open access data, together with advanced vaccine technology, are expected to give us more knowledge on the pathogen itself, including the host immune response as well as the plan for therapeutic vaccines in the near future. This review aims to provide a comparative view among SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and the newly epidemic SARS-CoV-2, in the hope to gain a better understanding of the host-pathogen interaction, host immune responses, and the pathogen immune evasion strategies. This predictive view may help in designing an immune intervention or preventive vaccine for COVID-19 in the near future.
JO  - Asian Pacific journal of allergy and immunology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32105090
DO  - 10.12932/ap-200220-0772
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 outbreak on the Diamond Princess cruise ship: estimating the epidemic potential and effectiveness of public health countermeasures
AU  - Rocklöv, J.
AU  - Sjödin, H.
AU  - Wilder-Smith, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Cruise ships carry a large number of people in confined spaces with relative homogeneous mixing. On 3 February, 2020, an outbreak of COVID-19 on cruise ship Diamond Princess was reported with 10 initial cases, following an index case on board around 21-25 January. By 4 February, public health measures such as removal and isolation of ill passengers and quarantine of non-ill passengers were implemented. By 20 February, 619 of 3,700 passengers and crew (17%) were tested positive.We estimated the basic reproduction number from the initial period of the outbreak using (SEIR) models. We calibrated the models with transient functions of countermeasures to incidence data. We additionally estimated a counterfactual scenario in absence of countermeasures, and established a model stratified by crew and guests to study the impact of differential contact rates among the groups. We also compared scenarios of an earlier versus later evacuation of the ship.The basic reproduction rate was initially 4 times higher on-board compared to the ${R}_0$ in the epicentre in Wuhan, but the countermeasures lowered it substantially. Based on the modeled initial ${R}_0$ of 14.8, we estimated that without any interventions within the time period of 21 January to 19 February, 2920 out of the 3700 (79%) would have been infected. Isolation and quarantine therefore prevented 2307 cases, and lowered the ${R}_0$ to 1.78. We showed that an early evacuation of all passengers on 3 February would have been associated with 76 infected persons in their incubation time.The cruise ship conditions clearly amplified an already highly transmissible disease. The public health measures prevented more than 2000 additional cases compared to no interventions. However, evacuating all passengers and crew early on in the outbreak would have prevented many more passengers and crew from infection.
JO  - Journal of Travel Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/jtm/taaa030
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1093/jtm/taaa030
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Guide to Understanding the 2019 Novel Coronavirus
AU  - Shah, Aditya
AU  - Kashyap, Rahul
AU  - Tosh, Pritish
AU  - Sampathkumar, Priya
AU  - O’Horo, John C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Mayo Clinic Proceedings
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mayocp.2020.02.003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025619620301476
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recent advances and perspectives of nucleic acid detection for coronavirus
AU  - Shen, Minzhe
AU  - Zhou, Yin
AU  - Ye, Jiawei
AU  - Abdullah Al-maskri, Abdu Ahmed
AU  - Kang, Yu
AU  - Zeng, Su
AU  - Cai, Sheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The recent pneumonia outbreak caused by a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) in China, poses a great threat to global public health. Therefore, rapid and accurate identification of pathogenic viruses plays a vital role in selecting appropriate treatments, saving people's lives and preventing epidemics. It is important to establish a quick standard diagnostic test for the detection of infectious diseases (COVID-19) to prevent subsequent secondary spread. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is regarded as a gold standard test for the molecular diagnosis of viral and bacterial infection with high sensitivity and specificity. Isothermal nucleic acid amplification is considered to be a highly promising candidate method due to its fundamental advantage on quick procedure time at constant temperature without thermocycler operation. A variety of improved or new approaches also have been developed. This review summarizes the currently available detection methods for coronavirus nucleic acid. It is anticipated that this will assist researchers and clinicians in developing better techniques for timely and effective detection of coronavirus infection.
JO  - Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpha.2020.02.010
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095177920302082
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A potential role for integrins in host cell entry by SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Sigrist, Christian
AU  - Bridge, Alan
AU  - Le Mercier, Philippe
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Antiviral Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 104759
SP  - 104759
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.antiviral.2020.104759
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166354220300929
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical characteristics of 50466 hospitalized patients with 2019-nCoV infection
AU  - Sun, Pengfei
AU  - Qie, Shuyan
AU  - Liu, Zongjan
AU  - Ren, Jizhen
AU  - Li, Kun
AU  - Xi, Jianing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Objective We aim to summarize reliable evidences of evidence-based medicine for the treatment and prevention of the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by analyzing all the published studies on the clinical characteristics of patients with 2019-nCoV. Methods PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and other databases were searched. Several studies on the clinical characteristics of 2019-nCoV infection were collected for Meta-analysis. Results Ten studies were included in Meta-analysis, including a total number of 50466 patients with 2019-nCoV infection. Meta-analysis shows that, among these patients, the incidence of fever was 89.1%, the incidence of cough was 72.2%, and the incidence of muscle soreness or fatigue was 42.5%. The incidence of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) was 14.8%, the incidence of abnormal chest computer tomography (CT) was 96.6%, the percentage of severe cases in all infected cases was 18.1%, and the case fatality rate of patients with 2019-nCoV infection was 4.3%. Conclusion Fever and cough are the most common symptoms in patients with 2019-nCoV infection, and most of these patients have abnormal chest CT examination. Several people have muscle soreness or fatigue as well as ARDS. Diarrhea, hemoptysis, headache, sore throat, shock, and other symptoms only occur in a small number of patients. The case fatality rate of patients with 2019-nCoV infection is lower than that of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS). This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25735
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25735
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: Trump says risk to Americans is "very low"
AU  - Tanne, J. H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m793
SP  - m793
EP  - 
AN  - 32107254
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m793
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [The importance of strengthening the ability of fundamental disease prevention and control system from the perspective of the epidemic situation of COVID-19]
AU  - Wang, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 has been in epidemic for nearly two months. The prevention and control measures have achieved remarkable results. From the response and disposal process of this epidemic, it is exposed that fundamental disease prevention and control system are insufficient in human resources and ability of laboratory testing. It is suggested that the disease control institutions should strengthen the construction of these aspects in future.
JO  - Zhonghua yu fang yi xue za zhi [Chinese journal of preventive medicine]
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 0
PG  - E020
SP  - E020
EP  - 
AN  - 32107911
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20200220-00149
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preventing a covid-19 pandemic
AU  - Watkins, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m810
SP  - m810
EP  - 
AN  - 32111649
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m810
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Negative Nasopharyngeal and Oropharyngeal Swab Does Not Rule Out COVID-19
AU  - Winichakoon, P.
AU  - Chaiwarith, R.
AU  - Liwsrisakun, C.
AU  - Salee, P.
AU  - Goonna, A.
AU  - Limsukon, A.
AU  - Kaewpoowat, Q.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19), has become the Public Health Emergency of International Concern.....
JO  - Journal of clinical microbiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32102856
DO  - 10.1128/jcm.00297-20
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Discussion on diagnosis and treatment of hepatobiliary malignancies during the outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia]
AU  - Wu, F.
AU  - Song, Y.
AU  - Zeng, H. Y.
AU  - Ye, F.
AU  - Rong, W. Q.
AU  - Wang, L. M.
AU  - Wu, J. X.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - From December 2019, the new coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) broke out in Wuhan, Hubei, and spread rapidly to the nationwide. On January 20, 2020, the National Health Committee classified COVID-19 pneumonia as one of B class infectious diseases and treated it as class A infectious disease. During the epidemic period, the routine diagnosis and treatment of tumor patients was affected with varying degrees. In this special period, we performed the superiority of the multi-disciplinary team of diagnosis and treatment, achieved accurate diagnosis and treatment of patients with hepatobiliary malignant tumors, provided support for these patients with limited medical resources, and helped them to survive during the epidemic period.On the basis of fully understanding the new coronavirus pneumonia, the treatment strategy should be changed timely during the epidemic, and more appropriate treatment methods should be adopted to minimize the adverse effect of the epidemic on tumor treatment.
JO  - Zhonghua zhong liu za zhi [Chinese journal of oncology]
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 42
IS  - 0
PG  - E004
SP  - E004
EP  - 
AN  - 32108460
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20200227-00137
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical Characteristics of Imported Cases of COVID-19 in Jiangsu Province: A Multicenter Descriptive Study
AU  - Wu, J.
AU  - Liu, J.
AU  - Zhao, X.
AU  - Liu, C.
AU  - Wang, W.
AU  - Wang, D.
AU  - Xu, W.
AU  - Zhang, C.
AU  - Yu, J.
AU  - Jiang, B.
AU  - Cao, H.
AU  - Li, L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: We aimed to report the clinical characteristics of imported coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) in Jiangsu Province. METHODS: We retrospectively investigated the clinical, imaging, and laboratory characteristics of confirmed cases of COVID-19 with WHO interim guidance in three Grade A hospitals of Jiangsu from Jan 22 to Feb 14, 2020. Real time RT-PCR was used to detect the new coronavirus in respiratory samples. RESULTS: Of the 80 patients infected with COVID-19, 41 patients were female, with a median age of 46.1 years. Except for 3 severe patients, the rest of the 77 patients exhibited mild or moderate symptoms. 9 patients were unconfirmed until a third-time nucleic acid test. 38 cases had a history of chronic diseases. The main clinical manifestations of the patients were fever and cough, which accounted for 63 cases (78.75%) and 51 cases (-63.75%) respectively. Only 3 patients (3.75%) showed liver dysfunction. Imaging examination showed that 55 patients (-68.75%) showed abnormal, 25 cases (31.25%) had no abnormal density shadow in the parenchyma of both lungs. Up to now, 21 cases were discharged from the hospital, and no patient died. The average length of stay for discharged patients was 8 days. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with the cases in Wuhan, the cases in Jiangsu exhibited mild or moderate symptoms and no obvious gender susceptivity. The proportion of patients having liver dysfunction and abnormal CT imaging was relatively lower than that of Wuhan. Notably, infected patients may be falsely excluded based on two consecutively negative respiratory pathogenic nucleic acid test results.
JO  - Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32109279
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa199
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus outbreak: the role of companies in preparedness and responses
AU  - Fadel, Marc
AU  - Salomon, Jérôme
AU  - Descatha, Alexis
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - As in previous health crises, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has raised questions about preparedness and emergency responses in many countries. In this crisis, what role can companies play? Public and private companies must continue to produce or provide their services, but with consideration of the health context. Many companies are involved with the COVID-19 outbreak because they are established in or work with China (client or supplier), and most have already activated their business continuity planning or equivalent. During an infectious disease outbreak like COVID-19, most large companies around the world have a major part to play, especially in terms of preparedness and emergency response. Indeed, companies should be integrated into the governmental health contingency plan developed in many countries, and by WHO and the International Labor Organization. Helped by their occupational practitioners, healthcare advisers, and safety professionals, companies that have a financial capacity and responsibilities (including governmental, federal, or state administrations) will thus have to prepare their business continuity planning for when cases of infected patients occur in the company. They also must be prepared for the potential psychosocial and psychological effects of outbreaks. All health professionals should be involved in the development and implementation of recommendations for companies and their environments
JO  - The Lancet Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30051-7
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30051-7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Trend and forecasting of the COVID-19 outbreak in China
AU  - Li, Qiang
AU  - Feng, Wei
AU  - Quan, Ying-Hui
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.02.014
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.02.014
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The response of Milan's Emergency Medical System to the COVID-19 outbreak in Italy
AU  - Spina, Stefano
AU  - Marrazzo, Francesco
AU  - Migliari, Maurizio
AU  - Stucchi, Riccardo
AU  - Sforza, Alessandra
AU  - Fumagalli, Roberto
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - The number of people infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is dramatically increasing worldwide.The first person-to-person transmission in Italy was reported on Feb 21, 2020, and led to an infection chain that represents the largest COVID-19 outbreak outside Asia to date. Here we document the response of the Emergency Medical System (EMS) of the metropolitan area of Milan, Italy, to the COVID-19 outbreak.On Jan 30, 2020, WHO declared the COVID-19 outbreak a public health emergency of international concern.2 Since then, the Italian Government has implemented extraordinary measures to restrict viral spread, including interruptions of air traffic from China, organised repatriation flights and quarantines for Italian travellers in China, and strict controls at international airports' arrival terminals. Local medical authorities adopted specific WHO recommendations to identify and isolate suspected cases of COVID-19.Such recommendations were addressed to patients presenting with respiratory symptoms and who had travelled to an endemic area in the previous 14 days or who had worked in the health-care sector, having been in close contact with patients with severe respiratory disease with unknown aetiology. Suspected cases were transferred to preselected hospital facilities where the SARS-CoV-2 test was available and infectious disease units were ready for isolation of confirmed cases.
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30493-1
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30493-1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Backchat: Covering coronavirus
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In this edition of Backchat we take a deep dive into Nature's coverage of coronavirus. As cases climb, what are some of the challenges involved in reporting on the virus? Nick Howe hosts our roundtable discussion, with guests Ewen Callaway, Nisha Gaind, and David Cyranoski. Nick Howe hosts our roundtable discussion, with guests Ewen Callaway, Nisha Gaind, and David Cyranoski.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:10.1038/d41586-020-00598-0
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00598-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Department of Error: Nowcasting and forecasting the potential domestic and international spread of the 2019-nCoV outbreak originating in Wuhan, China: a modelling study (The Lancet (2020) 395(10225) (689–697), (S0140673620302609), (10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30260-9))
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Wu JT, Leung K, Leung GM. Nowcasting and forecasting the potential domestic and international spread of the 2019-nCoV outbreak originating in Wuhan, China: a modelling study. Lancet 2020; published online Jan 31. https://doi.org/10.1016/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30260-9—In this Article, the data sharing statement has been amended to clarify the sources from which data can be obtained. This correction has been made to the online version as of Feb 4, 2020, and will be made to the printed version.
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10225
PG  - e41
SP  - e41
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30302-0
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005064869 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30302-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Effects and challenges of Open Science - Academic movements related to the Novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) and COVID-19
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - オープンサイエンスの効果はさまざまに論じられてき た。たとえば経済協力開発機構（OECD）の報告書 1) では， 科学研究の効率化，研究の透明性や質の向上，技術革新の 加速，経済への波及効果，地球規模の課題への取り組み， 共同研究の推進などが挙げられている。 折しも 2019 年 12 月以降，新型コロナウイルス（2019- nCoV）の感染が中国の武漢市から世界中に拡大して「地 球規模の課題」となっている。2020 年 1 月 30 日には世 界保健機関（WHO）が国際的な緊急事態であると宣言し た 2)。これに対して各国・地域の研究者，助成機関，学術 出版社といったステークホルダーが最新の研究成果の公開 と再利用を進めて対策にあたるという，まさに「オープン サイエンス」というべき動きが起きている。そこで本稿は 新型コロナウイルスに関する学術界の動向を概観した上 で，今回の事例におけるオープンサイエンスの効果と課題 について考察したい。なお，本稿の記述は 2020 年 2 月 6 日時点の情報に基づいている（情報が古い箇所もあろうか と思いますが，ご容赦を）。
JO  - The Journal of Information Science and Technology Association
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 70
IS  - 3
PG  - 140-143
SP  - 140
EP  - 143
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.18919/jkg.70.3_140
UR  - https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jkg/70/3/70_140/_pdf/-char/en
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How to fight an infodemic
AU  - Zarocostas, John
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - WHO's newly launched platform aims to combat misinformation around COVID-19. John Zarocostas reports from WHO is leading the effort to slow the spread of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak. But a global epidemic of misinformation—spreading rapidly through social media platforms and other outlets—poses a serious problem for public health. “We’re not just fighting an epidemic; we’re fighting an infodemic”, said WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus at the Munich Security Conference on Feb 15. Immediately after COVID-19 was declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern, WHO's risk communication team launched a new information platform called WHO Information Network for Epidemics (EPI-WIN), with the aim of using a series of amplifiers to share tailored information with specific target groups. Sylvie Briand, director of Infectious Hazards Management at WHO's Health Emergencies Programme and architect of WHO's strategy to counter the infodemic risk, told The Lancet, “We know that every outbreak will be accompanied by a kind of tsunami of information, but also within this information you always have misinformation, rumours, etc. We know that even in the Middle Ages there was this phenomenon”. “But the difference now with social media is that this phenomenon is amplified, it goes faster and further, like the viruses that travel with people and go faster and further. So it is a new challenge, and the challenge is the [timing] because you need to be faster if you want to fill the void…What is at stake during an outbreak is making sure people will do the right thing to control the disease or to mitigate its impact. So it is not only information to make sure people are informed; it is also making sure people are informed to act appropriately.” About 20 staff and some consultants are involved in WHO's communications teams globally, at any given time. This includes social media personnel at each of WHO's six regional offices, risk communications consultants, and WHO communications officers.
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10225
PG  - 676
SP  - 676
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30461-X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30461-X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Where did SARS-CoV-2 come from?
AU  - Zhai, S. L.
AU  - Wei, W. K.
AU  - Lv, D. H.
AU  - Xu, Z. H.
AU  - Chen, Q. L.
AU  - Sun, M. F.
AU  - Li, F.
AU  - Wang, D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Veterinary record
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 186
IS  - 8
PG  - 254
SP  - 254
EP  - 
AN  - 32108071
DO  - 10.1136/vr.m740
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical trial analysis of 2019-nCoV therapy registered in China
AU  - Zhang, Qi
AU  - Wang, Yakun
AU  - Qi, Changsong
AU  - Shen, Lin
AU  - Li, Jian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract So far, there is a lack of effective drugs for the new coronavirus pneumonia. With more and more patients diagnosed, China has carried out more than one hundred clinical studies of new coronavirus infection, including antiviral drugs, antimalarial drugs, glucocorticoids, plasma therapy, virus vaccine and other western drugs, while Chinese medicine researches accounted for half of studies. Most of the trials were initiated by investigators and the study period would last for one to eleven months. The primary endpoints included symptom improvement and virus nucleic acid turning negative, but the optimal endpoint has not been determined. Although the final results of studies will take a long time to complete, the interim research data may provide some help for the current urgent demand for drug treatment. Compared with that of during SARS period in 2003, China have the stronger capability to carry out clinical trials of new drugs in emergency period. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25733
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25733
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infections in China: prevention, control and challenges
AU  - Zhang, Sheng
AU  - Diao, Meng Yuan
AU  - Duan, Liwei
AU  - Lin, Zhaofen
AU  - Chen, Dechang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, an outbreak of novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) that began from Wuhan, Hubei Province, has rapidly spread to 34 provincial-level divisions of China [1] and 25 countries around the world [2]. Up to February 15, 2020, 68,586 cases in China and 526 cases in other countries have been identified as having COVID-19 (eFigure 1). The estimated mortality rate is 3.1% in Wuhan, 2.8% in Hubei Province, 0.6% in other provinces of China, 2.4% in China and 0.4% in other countries, respectively. Faced with such a grim situation, the Chinese government has taken a series of unprecedented rigorous measures. First, all the 31 provincial-level divisions in China mainland have launched the highest level of responding mechanism for major public health emergency. Second, Wuhan and other 12 cities in Hubei Province have consecutively shut down all outbound transportation channels and suspended public transportation. Third, the State Council announced that both the Spring Festival holiday and winter vacation will be extended. Fourth, two emergency makeshift hospitals (Huoshenshan and Leishenshan hospitals) with a total capacity of 2600 beds were built and more than ten cabin hospitals were renovated with more than 10,000 beds in Wuhan. Fifth, more than 30,000 members from military and public hospitals have successively headed out to Wuhan and other cities in Hubei Province.ER -
JO  - Intensive Care Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00134-020-05977-9
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-020-05977-9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Imaging changes of severe COVID-19 pneumonia in advanced stage
AU  - Zhang, Wei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We recently reported in Intensive Care Medicine the imaging changes of acute stage from a case of 75-year-old male patient with severe COVID-19 pneumonia combined acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), septic shock, and multiple organ disfunction syndrome (MODS) who had a history of 10-year hypertension and 1-year diabetes. He presently received advanced life support treatment including respiratory support (invasive mechanical ventilation) and circulatory support (vasoconstrictor assistance), as well as intermittent renal replacement therapy (IRRT) in intensive care unit (ICU) of our hospital—a tertiary teaching hospital of medical university. Because his MODS still existed on the day 20 after symptom onset, we had to re-examine the chest computed tomographic (CT). The results showed that early changes of reticular pulmonary fibrosis appeared in Panels D, E, and F (marked by green arrows), compensatory emphysema occurred in Panels D and E (marked by blue arrows), and pulmonary cavity formation appeared in Panel F (marked by blue arrows), compared with acute stage of the day 5 after symptom onset, inflammatory lesions and ground glass shadow of Panels A and B (marked by red arrows), as well as septal line of Panel C (marked by yellow arrows). Presently, this patient is still under the condition of advanced life support therapy (Fig. 1).ER -
JO  - Intensive Care Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00134-020-05990-y
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-020-05990-y
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Medical diagnosis and treatment strategies for malignant tumors of the digestive system during the outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia]
AU  - Zhang, Y.
AU  - Xu, J. M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since the outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia in December 2019, the diagnosis and treatment of patients with cancer have been facing great challenges. Although oncologists are not fighting on the front line to against the epidemic, during this special period, we should not only protect patients, their families and medical staff from the infection of novel Coronavirus, but also minimize the impact of the epidemic on the diagnosis and the treatment of patients with cancer. Combining the guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of tumors with our clinical experience, in this epidemic period, we discuss the strategies for diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of malignant tumors of the digestive system in this article.
JO  - Zhonghua zhong liu za zhi [Chinese journal of oncology]
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 42
IS  - 0
PG  - E005
SP  - E005
EP  - 
AN  - 32112549
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20200227-00141
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The 2019 novel coronavirus resource
AU  - Zhao, W. M.
AU  - Song, S. H.
AU  - Chen, M. L.
AU  - Zou, D.
AU  - Ma, L. N.
AU  - Ma, Y. K.
AU  - Li, R. J.
AU  - Hao, L. L.
AU  - Li, C. P.
AU  - Tian, D. M.
AU  - Tang, B. X.
AU  - Wang, Y. Q.
AU  - Zhu, J. W.
AU  - Chen, H. X.
AU  - Zhang, Z.
AU  - Xue, Y. B.
AU  - Bao, Y. M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - An ongoing outbreak of a novel coronavirus infection in Wuhan, China since December 2019 has led to 31,516 infected persons and 638 deaths across 25 countries (till 16:00 on February 7, 2020). The virus causing this pneumonia was then named as the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by the World Health Organization. To promote the data sharing and make all relevant information of 2019-nCoV publicly available, we construct the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Resource (2019nCoVR, https://bigd.big.ac.cn/ncov). 2019nCoVR features comprehensive integration of genomic and proteomic sequences as well as their metadata information from the Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data, National Center for Biotechnology Information, China National GeneBank, National Microbiology Data Center and China National Center for Bioinformation (CNCB)/National Genomics Data Center (NGDC). It also incorporates a wide range of relevant information including scientific literatures, news, and popular articles for science dissemination, and provides visualization functionalities for genome variation analysis results based on all collected 2019-nCoV strains. Moreover, by linking seamlessly with related databases in CNCB/NGDC, 2019nCoVR offers virus data submission and sharing services for raw sequence reads and assembled sequences. In this report, we provide comprehensive descriptions on data deposition, management, release and utility in 2019nCoVR, laying important foundations in aid of studies on virus classification and origin, genome variation and evolution, fast detection, drug development and pneumonia precision prevention and therapy.
JO  - Yi chuan = Hereditas
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 42
IS  - 2
PG  - 212-221
SP  - 212
EP  - 221
AN  - 32102777
DO  - 10.16288/j.yczz.20-030
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Psychological crisis interventions in Sichuan Province during the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak
AU  - Zhou, Xiaobo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Psychiatry Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 286
IS  - 
PG  - 112895
SP  - 112895
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112895
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165178120302821
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The novel coronavirus outbreak in Wuhan, China
AU  - Zhu, Hengbo
AU  - Wei, Li
AU  - Niu, Ping
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV, or COVID-19) epidemic first broke out in Wuhan and has been spreading in whole China and the world. The numbers of new infections and deaths in Wuhan are still increasing, which have posed major public health and governance concerns. A series of mandatory actions have been taken by the municipal and provincial governments supported by the central government, such as measures to restrict travels across cities, case detection and contact tracing, quarantine, guidance and information to the public, detection kit development, etc. Challenges such as lacking effective drugs, insufficient hospital services and medical supplies, logistics, etc. have much alleviated with the solidarity of the whole society. The pandemic will definitely be ended with the continuous efforts of both national and international multi-sectoral bodies.
JO  - Global Health Research and Policy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 5
IS  - 1
PG  - 6
SP  - 6
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s41256-020-00135-6
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1186/s41256-020-00135-6
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Expert Recommendations for Tracheal Intubation in Critically ill Patients with Noval Coronavirus Disease 2019
AU  - Zuo, M. Z.
AU  - Huang, Y. G.
AU  - Ma, W. H.
AU  - Xue, Z. G.
AU  - Zhang, J. Q.
AU  - Gong, Y. H.
AU  - Che, L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), is a highly contagious disease. It firstly appeared in Wuhan, Hubei province of China in December 2019. During the next two months, it moved rapidly throughout China and spread to multiple countries through infected persons travelling by air. Most of the infected patients have mild symptoms including fever, fatigue and cough. But in severe cases, patients can progress rapidly and develop to the acute respiratory distress syndrome, septic shock, metabolic acidosis and coagulopathy. The new coronavirus was reported to spread via droplets, contact and natural aerosols from human-to-human. Therefore, high-risk aerosol-producing procedures such as endotracheal intubation may put the anesthesiologists at high risk of nosocomial infections. In fact, SARS-CoV-2 infection of anesthesiologists after endotracheal intubation for confirmed COVID-19 patients have been reported in hospitals in Wuhan. The expert panel of airway management in Chinese Society of Anaesthesiology has deliberated and drafted this recommendation, by which we hope to guide the performance of endotracheal intubation by frontline anesthesiologists and critical care physicians. During the airway management, enhanced droplet/airborne PPE should be applied to the health care providers. A good airway assessment before airway intervention is of vital importance. For patients with normal airway, awake intubation should be avoided and modified rapid sequence induction is strongly recommended. Sufficient muscle relaxant should be assured before intubation. For patients with difficult airway, good preparation of airway devices and detailed intubation plans should be made.
JO  - Chinese medical sciences journal = Chung-kuo i hsueh k'o hsueh tsa chih
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32102726
DO  - 10.24920/003724
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Drug interaction monitoring of lopinavir / ritonavir in COVID-19 patients with cancer
AU  - Zheng, X. W.
AU  - Tao, G.
AU  - Zhang, Y. W.
AU  - Yang, G. N.
AU  - Huang, P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 59
IS  - 0
PG  - E004-E004
SP  - E004
EP  - E004
AN  - 32114746
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20200219-00097
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32114746
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Diagnostic and therapeutic strategies of lung cancer patients during the outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19)
AU  - Yang, L.
AU  - Xu, H. Y.
AU  - Wang, Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - With the increasing number of cases and widening geographical spread, the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has been classified as one of the class B infectious diseases but prevented and controlled as class A infectious disease by the National Health Commission of China. The diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer patients have been challenged greatly because of extraordinary public health measures since the lung cancer patients are a high-risk population during the COVID-19 outbreak period. Strict protection for lung cancer patients is needed to avoid infection. Lung cancer patients are difficult to differentiate from patients with COVID-19 in terms of clinical symptoms, which will bring great trouble to the clinical work and physical and mental health of lung cancer patients. This review will demonstrate how to applicate appropriate and individual management for lung cancer patients to protect them from COVID-19.
JO  - Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 42
IS  - 0
PG  - E006-E006
SP  - E006
EP  - E006
AN  - 32118394
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20200229-00152
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32118394
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Fitting and forecasting the trend of COVID-19 by SEIR(+ CAQ) dynamic model
AU  - Wei, Y. Y.
AU  - Lu, Z. Z.
AU  - Du, Z. C.
AU  - Zhang, Z. J.
AU  - Zhao, Y.
AU  - Shen, S. P.
AU  - Wang, B.
AU  - Hao, Y. T.
AU  - Chen, F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objectives: Fitting and forecasting the trend of COVID-19 epidemics. Methods: Based on SEIR dynamic model, considering the COVID-19 transmission mechanism, infection spectrum and prevention and control procedures, we developed SEIR(+ CAQ) dynamic model to fit the frequencies of laboratory confirmed cases obtained from the government official websites. The data from January 20, 2020 to February 7, 2020 were used to fit the model, while the left data between February 8-12 were used to evaluate the quality of forecasting. Results: According to the cumulative number of confirmed cases between January 29 to February 7, the fitting bias of SEIR(+ CAQ) model for overall China (except for cases of Hubei province), Hubei province (except for cases of Wuhan city) and Wuhan city was less than 5%. For the data of subsequent 5 days between February 8 to 12, which were not included in the model fitting, the prediction biases were less than 10%. Regardless of the cases diagnosed by clinical examines, the numbers of daily emerging cases of China (Hubei province not included), Hubei Province (Wuhan city not included) and Wuhan city reached the peak in the early February. Under the current strength of prevention and control, the total number of laboratory- confirmed cases in overall China will reach 80 417 till February 29, 2020, respectively. Conclusions: The proposed SEIR(+ CAQ) dynamic model fits and forecasts the trend of novel coronavirus pneumonia well and provides evidence for decision making.
JO  - Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 4
PG  - 470-475
SP  - 470
EP  - 475
AN  - 32113198
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200216-00106
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32113198
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Precautions in ophthalmic practice in the prevention and control of the novel coronavirus pneumonia epidemic
AU  - Wang, N. L.
AU  - Jie, Y.
AU  - Tao, F. B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 56
IS  - 0
PG  - E007-E007
SP  - E007
EP  - E007
AN  - 32114748
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112142-20200224-00102
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32114748
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical analysis of 31 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus infection in children from six provinces (autonomous region) of northern China
AU  - Wang, D.
AU  - Ju, X. L.
AU  - Xie, F.
AU  - Lu, Y.
AU  - Li, F. Y.
AU  - Huang, H. H.
AU  - Fang, X. L.
AU  - Li, Y. J.
AU  - Wang, J. Y.
AU  - Yi, B.
AU  - Yue, J. X.
AU  - Wang, J.
AU  - Wang, L. X.
AU  - Li, B.
AU  - Wang, Y.
AU  - Qiu, B. P.
AU  - Zhou, Z. Y.
AU  - Li, K. L.
AU  - Sun, J. H.
AU  - Liu, X. G.
AU  - Li, G. D.
AU  - Wang, Y. J.
AU  - Cao, A. H.
AU  - Chen, Y. N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To analyze the epidemiological history, clinical manifestations, treatment and the short-term prognosis of 31 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus(2019-nCoV) infection in children from six provinces (autonomous region) in northern China. Methods: A retrospective analysis of the epidemiological history, clinical symptoms, signs, laboratory examinations, chest imaging, treatment and the short-term prognosis of 31 cases of 2019-nCoV was conducted. The patients were diagnosed between January 25th, 2020 and February 21st, 2020 in 21 hospitals in 17 cities of six provinces(autonomous region) of Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia, Hebei, Henan and Shandong. Results: The age of the 31 children with 2019-nCoV infection was 7 years and 1 month (6 months -17 years). Nine cases (29%) were imported cases. Other 21 cases (68%) had contact with confirmed infected adults. One case (3%) had contact with asymptomatic returnees from Wuhan. Among the 31 children, 28 patients (90%) were family cluster cases. The clinical types were asymptomatic type in 4 cases (13%), mild type in 13 cases (42%), and common type in 14 cases (45%). No severe or critical type existed. The most common symptom was fever (n=20, 65%), including 1 case of high fever, 9 cases of moderate fever, 10 cases of low fever. Fever lasted from 1 day to 9 days. The fever of fifteen cases lasted for ≤3 d, while in other 5 cases lasted > 3 d. Other symptoms included cough (n=14, 45%), fatigue (n=3, 10%) and diarrhea (n=3, 9%). Pharyngalgia, runny nose, dizziness, headache and vomiting were rare. In the early stage, the total leukocytes count in peripheral blood decreased in 2 cases (6%), the lymphocytes count decreased in 2 cases (6%), and the platelet count increased in 2 cases (6%).Elevation of C-reactive protein (10%, 3/30), erythrocyte sedimentation rate(19%,4/21), procalcitonin(4%,1/28), liver enzyme(22%, 6/27) and muscle enzyme (15%, 4/27) occurred in different proportions. Renal function and blood glucose were normal. There were abnormal chest CT changes in 14 cases, including 9 cases with patchy ground glass opacities and nodules, mostly located in the lower lobe of both lungs near the pleural area. After receiving supportive treatment, the viral nucleic acid turned negative in 25 cases within 7-23 days. Among them, 24 children (77%) recovered and were discharged from hospital. No death occurred. Conclusions: In this case series, 2019-nCoV infections in children from six provinces (autonomous region) in northern China are mainly caused by close family contact. Clinical types are asymptomatic, mild and common types. Clinical manifestations and laboratory examination results are nonspecific. Close contact history of epidemiology, nucleic acid detection and chest imaging are important bases for diagnosis. After general treatment, the short-term prognosis is good.
JO  - Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 58
IS  - 4
PG  - E011-E011
SP  - E011
EP  - E011
AN  - 32118389
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20200225-00138
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32118389
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Study on assessing early epidemiological parameters of coronavirus disease epidemic in China
AU  - Song, Q. Q.
AU  - Zhao, H.
AU  - Fang, L. Q.
AU  - Liu, W.
AU  - Zheng, C.
AU  - Zhang, Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To study the early dynamics of the epidemic of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in China from 15 to 31 January, 2020, and estimate the corresponding epidemiological parameters (incubation period, generation interval and basic reproduction number) of the epidemic. Methods: By means of Weibull, Gamma and Lognormal distributions methods, we estimated the probability distribution of the incubation period and generation interval data obtained from the reported COVID-19 cases. Moreover, the AIC criterion was used to determine the optimal distribution. Considering the epidemic is ongoing, the exponential growth model was used to fit the incidence data of COVID-19 from 10 to 31 January, 2020, and exponential growth method, maximum likelihood method and SEIR model were used to estimate the basic reproduction number. Results: Early COVID-19 cases kept an increase in exponential growth manner before 26 January, 2020, then the increase trend became slower. The average incubation period was 5.01 (95%CI: 4.31-5.69) days; the average generation interval was 6.03 (95%CI: 5.20-6.91) days. The basic reproduction number was estimated to be 3.74 (95%CI: 3.63-3.87), 3.16 (95%CI: 2.90-3.43), and 3.91 (95%CI: 3.71-4.11) by three methods, respectively. Conclusions: The Gamma distribution fits both the generation interval and incubation period best, and the mean value of generation interval is 1.02 day longer than that of incubation period. The relatively high basic reproduction number indicates that the epidemic is still serious; Based on our analysis, the turning point of the epidemic would be seen on 26 January, the growth rate would be lower afterwards.
JO  - Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 4
PG  - 461-465
SP  - 461
EP  - 465
AN  - 32113196
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200205-00069
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32113196
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Characteristics of peripheral blood leukocyte differential counts in patients with COVID-19
AU  - Li, Y. X.
AU  - Wu, W.
AU  - Yang, T.
AU  - Zhou, W.
AU  - Fu, Y. M.
AU  - Feng, Q. M.
AU  - Ye, J. M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - To investigate the early changes of peripheral blood leukocyte differential counts in patients with COVID-19. Ten patients with COVID-19 and 30 patients with other viral pneumonia (non-COVID-19) admitted to Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital and Jinshan Branch Hospital from January 22 to February 17, 2020 were enrolled in this study. The differential counts of white blood cells were analyzed. Patients in COVID-19 group showed relatively lower absolute white blood cell (WBC) count 4.95(3.90,6.03)×10(9)/L, lymphocyte absolute count 1.20(0.98,1.50)×10(9)/L and eosinophil absolute count 0.01(0.01,0.01)×10(9)/L. Leukopenia developed in two patients(2/10), lymphocytopenia also in two patients(2/10). Seven over ten patients presented with eosinophil cytopenia. In non-COVID-19 group, absolute WBC count was 8.20 (6.78,9.03) ×10(9)/L (P<0.001), lymphocyte absolute count 1.75(1.20,2.53)×10(9)/L(P=0.036), eosinophil absolute count 0.02(0.01,0.03)×10(9)/L(P=0.05). Lymphocytopenia occurred in (16.7%) patients, eosinophil cytopenia in 16.7% patients too. In conclusion, leukopenia, lymphocytopenia and eosinophil cytopenia are more common in COVID-19 patients than those in non- COVID-19 patients.
JO  - Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 59
IS  - 0
PG  - E003-E003
SP  - E003
EP  - E003
AN  - 32114745
DO  - 
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32114745
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Clinical and Chest CT Features Associated with Severe and Critical COVID-19 Pneumonia
AU  - Li, Kunhua
AU  - Wu, Jiong
AU  - Wu, Faqi
AU  - Guo, Dajing
AU  - Chen, Linli
AU  - Fang, Zheng
AU  - Li, Chuanming
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical and CT features associated with severe and critical Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighty-three patients with COVID-19 pneumonia including 25 severe/critical cases and 58 ordinary cases were enrolled. The chest CT images and clinical data of them were reviewed and compared. The risk factors associated with disease severity were analyzed. RESULTS: Compared with the ordinary patients, the severe/critical patients had older ages, higher incidence of comorbidities, cough, expectoration, chest pain and dyspnea. The incidences of consolidation, linear opacities, crazy-paving pattern and bronchial wall thickening in severe/critical patients were significantly higher than those of the ordinary patients. Besides, severe/critical patients showed higher incidences of lymph node enlargement, pericardial effusion and pleural effusion than the ordinary patients. The CT scores of severe/critical patients were significantly higher than those of the ordinary patients (P < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed that the sensitivity and specificity of CT Score were 80.0% and 82.8% respectively for the discrimination of the two types. The clinical factors of age > 50 years old, comorbidities, dyspnea, chest pain, cough, expectoration, decreased lymphocytes and increased inflammation indicators were risk factors for severe/critical COVID-19 pneumonia. CT findings of consolidation, linear opacities, crazy-paving pattern, bronchial wall thickening, high CT scores and extrapulmonary lesions were features of severe/critical COVID-19 pneumonia. CONCLUSIONS: There are significant differences in clinical symptoms, laboratory examinations and CT manifestations between the ordinary patients and the severe/critical patients. Many factors are related to the severity of the disease, which can help clinicians to judge the severity of the patient and evaluate the prognosis.
JO  - Invest Radiol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1097/RLI.0000000000000672
SP  - 10.1097/RLI.0000000000000672
EP  - 
AN  - 32118615
DO  - 10.1097/RLI.0000000000000672
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32118615
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in medical personnel: observation from Thailand
AU  - Joob, Beuy
AU  - Wiwanitkit, Viroj
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Hosp Infect
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - S0195-6701(20)30090-6
SP  - S0195
EP  - 6701(20)30090
AN  - 32114054
DO  - 10.1016/j.jhin.2020.02.016
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32114054
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Dynamic basic reproduction number based evaluation for current prevention and control of COVID-19 outbreak in China
AU  - Huang, L. L.
AU  - Shen, S. P.
AU  - Yu, P.
AU  - Wei, Y. Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To evaluate the current status of the prevention and control of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak in China, establish a predictive model to evaluate the effects of the current prevention and control strategies, and provide scientific information for decision- making departments. Methods: Based on the epidemic data of COVID-19 openly accessed from national health authorities, we estimated the dynamic basic reproduction number R(0)(t) to evaluate the effects of the current COVID-19 prevention and control strategies in all the provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions) as well as in Wuhan and the changes in infectivity of COVID-19 over time. Results: For the stability of the results, 24 provinces (municipality) with more than 100 confirmed COVID-19 cases were included in the analysis. At the beginning of the outbreak, the R(0)(t) showed unstable trend with big variances. As the strengthening of the prevention and control strategies, R(0)(t) began to show a downward trend in late January, and became stable in February. By the time of data analysis, 18 provinces (municipality) (75%) had the R(0)(t)s less than 1. The results could be used for the decision making to free population floating conditionally. Conclusions: Dynamic R(0)(t) is useful in the evaluation of the change in infectivity of COVID-19, the prevention and control strategies for the COVID-19 outbreak have shown preliminary effects, if continues, it is expected to control the COVID-19 outbreak in China in near future.
JO  - Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 4
PG  - 466-469
SP  - 466
EP  - 469
AN  - 32113197
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200209-00080
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32113197
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemiological characteristics of novel coronavirus pneumonia in Henan
AU  - Cheng, J. L.
AU  - Huang, C.
AU  - Zhang, G. J.
AU  - Liu, D. W.
AU  - Li, P.
AU  - Lu, C. Y.
AU  - Li, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To study the epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 in Henan Province. Methods: An epidemiological study was conducted based on the latest epidemic information of 1,265 confirmed cases (including regional distribution, severe illness, and deaths) announced by Health Commission of Henan Province, as well as the details of 1,079 COVID-19 officially released by Health Commission of municipalities in Henan Province collected as of 24:00 on February 19, 2020. Results: Among 1 079 patients diagnosed with COVID-19, there were 573 male (53.2%) and 505 female (46.8%) , with the ratio of male to female of 1.14:1; The majority of patients were 36-59 years old (553 cases, 51.3%) , and the mean age was 46 (interquartile range is 24) years old; 515 cases (47.7%) had a history of living, traveling, doing business in Wuhan or a brief stopover at Wuhan train stop, and 382 (35.4%) had a history of close contact with confirmed patients; There were 72 severe cases (5.7%) in 1 265 patients, and the fatality rate was 1.5%. A high number of cases were reported in Xinyang (269 cases, 21.26%) , Zhengzhou (156 cases, 12.33%) , Nanyang (155 cases, 12.25%) , Zhumadian (139 cases, 10.99%) , followed by Shangqiu (91 cases, 7.19%) , Zhoukou (76 cases, 6.01%) . Among 605 patients, the symptoms were fever (553 cases, 91.4%) , debilitation (44 cases, 7.3%) , cough (110 cases, 18.2%) , expectoration (19 cases, 3.1%) , chills (6 cases, 1.0%) , shiver (7 cases, 1.2%) , running nose (21 cases, 3.5%) , stuffy noses (8 cases, 1.3%) , throat dryness and sore (24 cases, 4.0%) , headache (21 cases, 3.5%) , chest pain (6 cases, 1.0%) , anhelation (18 cases, 3.0%) , and gastrointestinal symptom (21 cases, 3.5%) . The age of deaths ranged from 33 to 86 years old, with an average age of 72 (interquartile range of 17) years old; there be 7 males (63.6%) and 4 females (36.4%) . Conclusion: The cases in Henan Province were mainly imported cases and had certain geographical location relevance; meanwhile, there was a family-focused incidence. The overall trend of new cases was wave-like decline, and the number of deaths was high among elderly men with underlying diseases.
JO  - Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 0
PG  - E027-E027
SP  - E027
EP  - E027
AN  - 32118390
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20200222-00148
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32118390
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pregnant women with new coronavirus infection: a clinical characteristics and placental pathological analysis of three cases
AU  - Chen, S.
AU  - Huang, B.
AU  - Luo, D. J.
AU  - Li, X.
AU  - Yang, F.
AU  - Zhao, Y.
AU  - Nie, X.
AU  - Huang, B. X.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics and placental pathology of 2019-nCoV infection in pregnancy, and to evaluate intrauterine vertical transmission potential of 2019-nCoV infection. Methods: The placentas delivered from pregnant women with confirmed 2019-nCoV infection which were received in the Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology collected by February 4th, 2020 and retrospectively studied. Their clinical material including placental tissue and lung CT, and laboratory results were collected, meanwhile, nucleic acid detection of 2019-nCoV of the placentas were performed by RT-PCR. Results: Three placentas delivered from pregnant women with confirmed 2019-nCoV infection, who were all in their third trimester with emergency caesarean section. All of the three patients presented with fever (one before caesarean and two in postpartum), and had no significant leukopenia and lymphopenia. Neonatal throat swabs from three newborns were tested for 2019-nCoV, and all samples were negative for the nucleic acid of 2019-nCoV. One premature infant was transferred to Department of Neonatology due to low birth weight. By the end of February 25, 2020, none of the three patients developed severe 2019-nCoV pneumonia or died(two patients had been cured and discharged, while another one had been transferred to a square cabin hospital for isolation treatment). There were various degrees of fibrin deposition inside and around the villi with local syncytial nodule increases in all three placentas. One case of placenta showed the concomitant morphology of chorionic hemangioma and another one with massive placental infarction. No pathological change of villitis and chorioamnionitis was observed in our observation of three cases. All samples from three placentas were negative for the nucleic acid of 2019-nCoV. Conclusions: The clinical characteristics of pregnant women with 2019-nCoV infection in late pregnancy are similar to those of non-pregnant patients, and no severe adverse pregnancy outcome is found in the 3 cases of our observation. Pathological study suggests that there are no morphological changes related to infection in the three placentas. Currently no evidence for intrauterine vertical transmission of 2019-nCoV is found in the three women infected by 2019-nCoV in their late pregnancy.
JO  - Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 49
IS  - 0
PG  - E005-E005
SP  - E005
EP  - E005
AN  - 32114744
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20200225-00138
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32114744
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Advances in the research of cytokine storm mechanism induced by Corona Virus Disease 2019 and the corresponding immunotherapies
AU  - Chen, C.
AU  - Zhang, X. R.
AU  - Ju, Z. Y.
AU  - He, W. F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has seriously affected the treatment of patients and social stability. In the later stage of disease, some COVID-19 patients may develop into acute respiratory distress syndrome or even multiple organ failure. However, one of the most important mechanism underlying the deterioration of disease is cytokine storm. At present, some therapies such as interleukin-6 antibody blocker, stem cell therapy, and transfusion of convalescent plasma have been applied to counteract the cytokine storm and have made some progress. This article reviews the influences of cytokine storm syndrome on the COVID-19 and the corresponding immunotherapies to resist cytokine storm.
JO  - Zhonghua Shao Shang Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 36
IS  - 0
PG  - E005-E005
SP  - E005
EP  - E005
AN  - 32114747
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn501120-20200224-00088
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32114747
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Chinese Case of COVID-19 Did Not Show Infectivity During the Incubation Period: Based on an Epidemiological Survey
AU  - Bae, Jong-Myon
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Controversy remains over whether the novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) virus may have infectivity during the incubation period before the onset of symptoms. The author had the opportunity to examine the infectivity of COVID-19 during the incubation period by conducting an epidemiological survey on a confirmed patient who had visited Jeju Island during the incubation period. The epidemiological findings support the claim that the COVID-19 virus does not have infectivity during the incubation period.
JO  - J Prev Med Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.3961/jpmph.20.048
SP  - 10.3961/jpmph.20.048
EP  - 
AN  - 32114755
DO  - 10.3961/jpmph.20.048
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32114755
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Identification of COVID-19 Can be Quicker through Artificial Intelligence framework using a Mobile Phone-Based Survey in the Populations when Cities/Towns Are Under Quarantine
AU  - Vazquez, Arni S.R. Srinivasa Rao
AU  - Jose A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We are proposing to use machine learning algorithms to be able to improve possible case identifications of COVID-19 more quicker when we use a mobile phone-based web survey. This will also reduce the spread in the susceptible populations.
JO  - Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-18
SP  - 1
EP  - 18
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1017/ice.2020.61
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/infection-control-and-hospital-epidemiology/article/identification-of-covid19-can-be-quicker-through-artificial-intelligence-framework-using-a-mobile-phonebased-survey-in-the-populations-when-citiestowns-are-under-q
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Short-term effects of ambient PM1 and PM2.5 air pollution on hospital admission for respiratory diseases: Case-crossover evidence from Shenzhen, China
AU  - Zhang, Yunquan
AU  - Ding, Zan
AU  - Xiang, Qianqian
AU  - Wang, Wei
AU  - Huang, Li
AU  - Mao, Feiyue
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background Ambient PM1 (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤1 μm) is an important contribution of PM2.5 mass. However, little is known worldwide regarding the PM1-associated health effects due to a wide lack of ground-based PM1 measurements from air monitoring stations. Methods We collected daily records of hospital admission for respiratory diseases and station-based measurements of air pollution and weather conditions in Shenzhen, China, 2015–2016. Time-stratified case-crossover design and conditional logistic regression models were adopted to estimate hospitalization risks associated with short-term exposures to PM1 and PM2.5. Results PM1 and PM2.5 showed significant adverse effects on respiratory disease hospitalizations, while no evident associations with PM1–2.5 were identified. Admission risks for total respiratory diseases were 1.09 (95% confidence interval: 1.04 to 1.14) and 1.06 (1.02 to 1.10), corresponding to per 10 μg/m3 rise in exposure to PM1 and PM2.5 at lag 0–2 days, respectively. Both PM1 and PM2.5 were strongly associated with increased admission for pneumonia and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, but exhibited no effects on asthma and upper respiratory tract infection. Largely comparable risk estimates were observed between male and female patients. Groups aged 0–14 years and 45–74 years were significantly affected by PM1- and PM2.5-associated risks. PM-hospitalization associations exhibited a clear seasonal pattern, with significantly larger risks in cold season than those in warm season among some subgroups. Conclusions Our study suggested that PM1 rather than PM1–2.5 contributed to PM2.5-induced risks of hospitalization for respiratory diseases and effects of PM1 and PM2.5 mainly occurred in cold season.
JO  - International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 224
IS  - 
PG  - 113418
SP  - 113418
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheh.2019.11.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1438463919307783
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Critical care crisis and some recommendations during the COVID-19 epidemic in China
AU  - Xie, Jianfeng
AU  - Tong, Zhaohui
AU  - Guan, Xiangdong
AU  - Du, Bin
AU  - Qiu, Haibo
AU  - Slutsky, Arthur S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Lack of critical care resource in face of COVID-19 epidemics Based on data reported by the National Health Commission of China, there have been about 2000 new confirmed cases and?>?4000 suspected cases daily over the past week in Wuhan [3]. About 15% of the patients have developed severe pneumonia, and about 6% need noninvasive or invasive ventilatory support. Currently, there are about 1000 patients who need ventilatory support and another 120 new patients daily who require noninvasive or invasive ventilation support in Wuhan city; however, there are only about 600 ICU beds [4]. To address this shortfall, 70 ICU beds were created from general beds and the government quickly transformed three general hospitals to critical care hospitals with a total of about 2500 beds that specialize in patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia (equipped with monitors and high-flow nasal cannula, noninvasive ventilator or invasive ventilators). An equally great (or potentially greater) problem is the shortage of trained personnel to treat these critically ill patients. Until the crisis, there were about 300 ICU physicians and 1000 ICU nurses in Wuhan city. By the end of January, more than 600 additional ICU doctors and 1500 ICU nurses were transferred to Wuhan from the rest of China. As well, an additional 3000 staff including infectious disease, respiratory, internal medicine physicians and nurses were transferred to Wuhan by the government. There are logistical issues which make care of the patients difficult. These include donning of personal protective equipment (e.g., gloves, gowns, respiratory and eye protection), lack of instruments and disposables, and shortages of supplemental oxygen. Many severe hypoxemic patients only receive high-flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) or noninvasive mechanical ventilation rather than invasive mechanical ventilation because of intubation delay or lack of mechanical ventilators (especially at early phase). Our preliminary data show that only about 25% of patients who died were intubated and received mechanical ventilation.JO - Intensive Care Medicine
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00134-020-05979-7
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-020-05979-7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Comparison of pulmonary availability and anti-inflammatory effect of dehydroandrographolide succinate via intratracheal and intravenous administration
AU  - Wei-Ya, Chen
AU  - Yuan-Song, Wang
AU  - Chun-Yu, Liu
AU  - Yu-Bin, Ji
AU  - Fei-Fei, Yang
AU  - Yong-Hong, Dr Liao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Dehydroandrographolide succinate (DAS) injection, which was approved in China for the treatment of viral pneumonia and upper respiratory tract infections, is often off-label used for nebulization therapy to avoid the adverse drug reactions associated with the injection. However, the aerodynamic properties and pulmonary fate of nebulized DAS was largely uninvestigated. In this study, the main objectives were to evaluate the in vitro aerodynamic deposition profiles of nebulizer generated aerosols and comparatively investigate the local drug availability and anti-inflammatory efficacy of DAS between intratracheal and intravenous dosing. The in vitro evaluation of aerodynamic characteristics and droplet size distribution showed more than 50% aerosol particles with size being < 5 μm, allowing the aerosols to reach the lower respiratory tract. Following intratracheal administration, the drug underwent pulmonary absorption into the bloodstream, rendering an absolute bioavailability of 47.3%. Compared to the intravenous delivery, the intratracheal administration dramatically increased the drug availability in the lung tissue in rats by more than 80-fold, leading to an improved and prolonged local anti-inflammatory efficacy in a lipopolysaccharide induced lung injury model in mice. The present results demonstrated that inhalation delivery of DAS is a convenient and effective alternative to intravenous injections.
JO  - European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 105290
SP  - 105290
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105290
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0928098720300798
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Big Data Analytics and Processing Platform in Czech Republic Healthcare Beneficial and Detrimental Effects of Regulatory T Cells in Neurotropic Virus Infections Optimization Method for Forecasting Confirmed Cases of COVID-19 in China
AU  - Štufi, Martin
AU  - Bačić, Boris
AU  - Stoimenov, Leonid
AU  - Ciurkiewicz, Malgorzata
AU  - Herder, Vanessa
AU  - Beineke, Andreas
AU  - Al-qaness, A. A. Mohammed
AU  - Ewees , A. Ahmed
AU  - Fan, Hong
AU  - Abd El Aziz , Mohamed
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Big data analytics (BDA) in healthcare has made a positive difference in the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in advancements of analytical capabilities, while lowering the costs of medical care. The aim of this study is to improve the existing healthcare eSystem by implementing a Big Data Analytics (BDA) platform and to meet the requirements of the Czech Republic National Health Service (Tender-Id. VZ0036628, No. Z2017-035520). In addition to providing analytical capabilities on Linux platforms supporting current and near-future AI with machine-learning and data-mining algorithms, there is the need for ethical considerations mandating new ways to preserve privacy, all of which are preconditioned by the growing body of regulations and expectations. The presented BDA platform, has met all requirements (N &gt; 100), including the healthcare industry-standard Transaction Processing Performance Council (TPC-H) decision support benchmark in compliance with the European Union (EU) and the Czech Republic legislations. Currently, the presented Proof of Concept (PoC) that has been upgraded to a production environment has unified isolated parts of Czech Republic healthcare over the past seven months. The reported PoC BDA platform, artefacts, and concepts are transferrable to healthcare systems in other countries interested in developing or upgrading their own national healthcare infrastructure in a cost-effective, secure, scalable and high-performance manner. Neurotropic viruses infect the central nervous system (CNS) and cause acute or chronic neurologic disabilities. Regulatory T cells (Treg) play a critical role for immune homeostasis, but may inhibit pathogen-specific immunity in infectious disorders. The present review summarizes the current knowledge about Treg in human CNS infections and their animal models. Besides dampening pathogen-induced immunopathology, Treg have the ability to facilitate protective responses by supporting effector T cell trafficking to the infection site and the development of resident memory T cells. Moreover, Treg can reduce virus replication by inducing apoptosis of infected macrophages and attenuate neurotoxic astrogliosis and pro-inflammatory microglial responses. By contrast, detrimental effects of Treg are caused by suppression of antiviral immunity, allowing for virus persistence and latency. Opposing disease outcomes following Treg manipulation in different models might be attributed to differences in technique and timing of intervention, infection route, genetic background, and the host&rsquo;s age. In addition, mouse models of virus-induced demyelination revealed that Treg are able to reduce autoimmunity and immune-mediated CNS damage in a disease phase-dependent manner. Understanding the unique properties of Treg and their complex interplay with effector cells represents a prerequisite for the development of new therapeutic approaches in neurotropic virus infections. In December 2019, a novel coronavirus, called COVID-19, was discovered in Wuhan, China, and has spread to different cities in China as well as to 24 other countries. The number of confirmed cases is increasing daily and reached 34,598 on 8 February 2020. In the current study, we present a new forecasting model to estimate and forecast the number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 in the upcoming ten days based on the previously confirmed cases recorded in China. The proposed model is an improved adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) using an enhanced flower pollination algorithm (FPA) by using the salp swarm algorithm (SSA). In general, SSA is employed to improve FPA to avoid its drawbacks (i.e., getting trapped at the local optima). The main idea of the proposed model, called FPASSA-ANFIS, is to improve the performance of ANFIS by determining the parameters of ANFIS using FPASSA. The FPASSA-ANFIS model is evaluated using the World Health Organization (WHO) official data of the outbreak of the COVID-19 to forecast the confirmed cases of the upcoming ten days. More so, the FPASSA-ANFIS model is compared to several existing models, and it showed better performance in terms of Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE), Root Mean Squared Relative Error (RMSRE), Root Mean Squared Relative Error (RMSRE), coefficient of determination ( R 2 ), and computing time. Furthermore, we tested the proposed model using two different datasets of weekly influenza confirmed cases in two countries, namely the USA and China. The outcomes also showed good performances.
JO  - Applied Sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 10
IS  - 5
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/app10051705 10.3390/ijms21051705 10.3390/jcm9030674
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Imported Novel Coronavirus Infections: Observation on Active and Passive Case Detection in Thailand
AU  - Sookaromdee, Pathum
AU  - Wiwaniveitkit, Viroj
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, a viral disease – the novel coronavirus – emerged in China and spread widely.1 At present, the disease has already exported to many countries,2 and is becoming an important public health problem. Thailand is a Southeast Asian country that has many international flights connecting to China and there are already imported cases of the disease in Thailand. The first ex-China case of the new disease was detected in Thailand. We would like to share observations on the spread of this disease in Thailand. To date (24 January 2020), there are imported cases of novel coronavirus infections in Thailand. Of these cases, 1 patient is a Thai who returned from tourism activity in China and the others are 4 Chinese tourists. Focusing on disease detection, 4 patients were detected at health screening points at immigration posts at international airports. The Thai patient visited the physician herself after developing a fever upon returning to Thailand. Of interest, during the period of disease outbreak, active screening is done at Thai international airports and 21,374 travelers have already been screened. Active screening can detect 80% of imported cases; 20% are detected passively. Based on these data, it has been demonstrated that active screening at the airport is still a good method for detecting new emerging disease but it cannot provide 100% efficacy in case detection. The health-related self-concern of the patient is also important to help with passive case detection. Therefore, promotion of health knowledge concerning the new disease is very important for the international traveler.
JO  - Population Health Management
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1089/pop.2020.0014
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1089/pop.2020.0014
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Transmission routes of 2019-nCoV and controls in dental practice
AU  - Peng, Xian
AU  - Xu, Xin
AU  - Li, Yuqing
AU  - Cheng, Lei
AU  - Zhou, Xuedong
AU  - Ren, Biao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A novel β-coronavirus (2019-nCoV) caused severe and even fetal pneumonia explored in a seafood market of Wuhan city, Hubei province, China, and rapidly spread to other provinces of China and other countries. The 2019-nCoV was different from SARS-CoV, but shared the same host receptor the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). The natural host of 2019-nCoV may be the bat Rhinolophus affinis as 2019-nCoV showed 96.2% of whole-genome identity to BatCoV RaTG13. The person-to-person transmission routes of 2019-nCoV included direct transmission, such as cough, sneeze, droplet inhalation transmission, and contact transmission, such as the contact with oral, nasal, and eye mucous membranes. 2019-nCoV can also be transmitted through the saliva, and the fetal–oral routes may also be a potential person-to-person transmission route. The participants in dental practice expose to tremendous risk of 2019-nCoV infection due to the face-to-face communication and the exposure to saliva, blood, and other body fluids, and the handling of sharp instruments. Dental professionals play great roles in preventing the transmission of 2019-nCoV. Here we recommend the infection control measures during dental practice to block the person-to-person transmission routes in dental clinics and hospitals.
JO  - International Journal of Oral Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 12
IS  - 1
PG  - 9
SP  - 9
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41368-020-0075-9
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41368-020-0075-9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and the anti-lessons of history
AU  - Peckham, Robert
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - As the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China's Hubei province continues and new cases of the disease increase globally,1 there is pressure on historians to show the value of history for policy. How can the past assist in the real-time management of the crisis? What insights can be gleaned from the ongoing epidemic for future disease preparedness and prevention? Lurking in the background of these interrogatives is a more or less explicit accusation: why haven't past lessons been learned? The gist of some commentaries seems to be: “there is almost nothing surprising about this pandemic”.2 The history-as-lessons approach pivots on the assumption that epidemics are structurally comparable events, wherever and whenever they take place. The COVID-19 outbreak “creates a sense of déjà vu” with the 2003 outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS).3 Citing early estimates of the disease's infectiousness, based on an analysis of the first 425 confirmed cases in Wuhan,4 comparisons have been drawn with the 1918–19 influenza pandemic.5 Although in some respects the outbreak of COVID-19 presents a compelling argument for why history matters, there are problems with analogical views of the past because they constrain our ability to grasp the complex place-and-time-specific variables that drive contemporary disease emergence. A lessons approach to epidemics produces what Kenneth Burke, borrowing from the economist and sociologist Thorstein Veblen, called “trained incapacity”—“that state of affairs whereby one's very abilities can function as blindnesses”.6 Habitual modes of thinking can diminish our capacity to make lateral connections. When the present is viewed through the lens of former disease outbreaks, we typically focus on similitudes and overlook important differences. In other words, analogies create blind spots. As Burke commented, “a way of seeing is also a way of not seeing—a focus on object A involves a neglect of object B”.
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30468-2
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30468-2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus latest: global infections pass 90,000
AU  - Nature
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Updates on the respiratory illness that has infected tens of thousands of people. The number of people worldwide who have been infected with the coronavirus has passed 90,000. More than 3,000 people have died since the outbreak began in December. The vast majority of cases — more than 80,000 — have occurred in China, but around 60 other countries are now also dealing with outbreaks. Many nations are preparing for a global pandemic, as reports of cases caused by community spread — rather than importation from China — rise. South Korea, Italy and Iran are fighting the largest outbreaks outside of China.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00154-w
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00154-w
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - New regulatory strategies to manage medicines shortages in Europe
AU  - Musazzi, Umberto M.
AU  - Di Giorgio, Domenico
AU  - Minghetti, Paola
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Medicine shortages have been spreading in European countries. In many cases, the unavailability of medicinal products has a substantial impact on the capability of National Healthcare Systems in ensuring the continuity of care. Shortages originate from multifactorial causes. In particular, they can be due to supply-related factors (e.g., manufacturing issues, regulatory issues, logistics, distribution) and demand-related ones (e.g., fluctuating drug demand, parallel market, tendering, price and reimbursement policies). However, some extraordinary geopolitical events (e.g., Brexit) may also affect medicines’ availability. The capability of European Regulatory Authorities and other stakeholders, which are involved in the pharmaceutical distribution chain and the healthcare assistance services, to define suitable problem-solving strategies has been limited for years by the fragmentation of the European regulatory framework, starting from the lack of a univocal definition of a medicine shortage. Only in 2019, the EMA and HMA joint task force released the first harmonized “shortage” definition in the European Economic Area (EEA) and guidance on public communication. This manuscript aims to review the current European regulatory framework on medicine shortages. To support the activities of regulators, manufacturers and other healthcare professionals, an algorithm was also proposed to be used as a harmonized procedure to determine the shortage/unavailability impact on public health and to rationalize the problem-solving strategies adopted in all different settings.
JO  - International Journal of Pharmaceutics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 579
IS  - 
PG  - 119171
SP  - 119171
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119171
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378517320301551
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Stepping up infection control measures in ophthalmology during the novel coronavirus outbreak: an experience from Hong Kong
AU  - Lai, Tracy H. T.
AU  - Tang, Emily W. H.
AU  - Chau, Sandy K. Y.
AU  - Fung, Kitty S. C.
AU  - Li, Kenneth K. W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has rapidly emerged as a global health threat. The purpose of this article is to share our local experience of stepping up infection control measures in ophthalmology to minimise COVID-19 infection of both healthcare workers and patients.
JO  - Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00417-020-04641-8
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-020-04641-8
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Persistence of coronaviruses on inanimate surfaces and their inactivation with biocidal agents
AU  - Kampf, G.
AU  - Todt, D.
AU  - Pfaender, S.
AU  - Steinmann, E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Summary Currently, the emergence of a novel human coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, has become a global health concern causing severe respiratory tract infections in humans. Human-to-human transmissions have been described with incubation times between 2-10 days, facilitating its spread via droplets, contaminated hands or surfaces. We therefore reviewed the literature on all available information about the persistence of human and veterinary coronaviruses on inanimate surfaces as well as inactivation strategies with biocidal agents used for chemical disinfection, e.g. in healthcare facilities. The analysis of 22 studies reveals that human coronaviruses such as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) coronavirus, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) coronavirus or endemic human coronaviruses (HCoV) can persist on inanimate surfaces like metal, glass or plastic for up to 9 days, but can be efficiently inactivated by surface disinfection procedures with 62–71% ethanol, 0.5% hydrogen peroxide or 0.1% sodium hypochlorite within 1 minute. Other biocidal agents such as 0.05–0.2% benzalkonium chloride or 0.02% chlorhexidine digluconate are less effective. As no specific therapies are available for SARS-CoV-2, early containment and prevention of further spread will be crucial to stop the ongoing outbreak and to control this novel infectious thread.
JO  - Journal of Hospital Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 104
IS  - 3
PG  - 246-251
SP  - 246
EP  - 251
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2020.01.022
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0195670120300463
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The inflection point about COVID-19 may have passed
AU  - Gu, Chaolin
AU  - Zhu, Jie
AU  - Sun, Yifei
AU  - Zhou, Kai
AU  - Gu, Jiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Science Bulletin
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scib.2020.02.025
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095927320301122
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Daily briefing: World’s biggest physics meeting cancelled over coronavirus fears
AU  - Graham, Flora
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The March Meeting of the APS was cancelled just 36 hours before it was scheduled to begin today. Plus: the best repositories for life-sciences imaging data and how to find early-career grants and fellowships.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00617-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The species Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus: classifying 2019-nCoV and naming it SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Gorbalenya, Alexander E.
AU  - Baker, Susan C.
AU  - Baric, Ralph S.
AU  - de Groot, Raoul J.
AU  - Drosten, Christian
AU  - Gulyaeva, Anastasia A.
AU  - Haagmans, Bart L.
AU  - Lauber, Chris
AU  - Leontovich, Andrey M.
AU  - Neuman, Benjamin W.
AU  - Penzar, Dmitry
AU  - Perlman, Stanley
AU  - Poon, Leo L. M.
AU  - Samborskiy, Dmitry V.
AU  - Sidorov, Igor A.
AU  - Sola, Isabel
AU  - Ziebuhr, John
AU  - Coronaviridae Study Group of the International Committee on Taxonomy of, Viruses
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The present outbreak of a coronavirus-associated acute respiratory disease called coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) is the third documented spillover of an animal coronavirus to humans in only two decades that has resulted in a major epidemic. The Coronaviridae Study Group (CSG) of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses, which is responsible for developing the classification of viruses and taxon nomenclature of the family Coronaviridae, has assessed the placement of the human pathogen, tentatively named 2019-nCoV, within the Coronaviridae. Based on phylogeny, taxonomy and established practice, the CSG recognizes this virus as forming a sister clade to the prototype human and bat severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruses (SARS-CoVs) of the species Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus, and designates it as SARS-CoV-2. In order to facilitate communication, the CSG proposes to use the following naming convention for individual isolates: SARS-CoV-2/host/location/isolate/date. While the full spectrum of clinical manifestations associated with SARS-CoV-2 infections in humans remains to be determined, the independent zoonotic transmission of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 highlights the need for studying viruses at the species level to complement research focused on individual pathogenic viruses of immediate significance. This will improve our understanding of virus–host interactions in an ever-changing environment and enhance our preparedness for future outbreaks.
JO  - Nature Microbiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41564-020-0695-z
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41564-020-0695-z
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Finding an Accurate Early Forecasting Model from Small Dataset: A Case of 2019-nCoV Novel Coronavirus Outbreak
AU  - Fong, Simon James
AU  - Li, Gloria
AU  - Dey, Nilanjan
AU  - Gonzalez-Crespo, Rubén
AU  - Herrera-Viedma, Enrique
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Epidemic is a rapid and wide spread of infectious disease threatening many lives and economy damages. It is important to fore-tell the epidemic lifetime so to decide on timely and remedic actions. These measures include closing borders, schools, suspending community services and commuters. Resuming such curfews depends on the momentum of the outbreak and its rate of decay. Being able to accurately forecast the fate of an epidemic is an extremely important but difficult task. Due to limited knowledge of the novel disease, the high uncertainty involved and the complex societal-political factors that influence the widespread of the new virus, any forecast is anything but reliable. Another factor is the insufficient amount of available data. Data samples are often scarce when an epidemic just started. With only few training samples on hand, finding a forecasting model which offers forecast at the best efforts is a big challenge in machine learning. In the past, three popular methods have been proposed, they include 1) augmenting the existing little data, 2) using a panel selection to pick the best forecasting model from several models, and 3) fine-tuning the parameters of an individual forecasting model for the highest possible accuracy. In this paper, a methodology that embraces these three virtues of data mining from a small dataset is proposed. An experiment that is based on the recent coronavirus outbreak originated from Wuhan is conducted by applying this methodology. It is shown that an optimized forecasting model that is constructed from a new algorithm, namely polynomial neural network with corrective feedback (PNN+cf) is able to make a forecast that has relatively the lowest prediction error. The results showcase that the newly proposed methodology and PNN+cf are useful in generating acceptable forecast upon the critical time of disease outbreak when the samples are far from abundant.
JO  - International Journal of Interactive Multimedia and Artificial Intelligence
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 6
IS  - 1
PG  - 132-140
SP  - 132
EP  - 140
AN  - 
DO  - 10.9781/ijimai.2020.02.002
UR  - https://doaj.org/article/df712831337c4ca6b9c351e0f42b046d
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Potential impact of COVID-19 on pregnant women, newborns and midwives
AU  - Duff, Elizabeth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - At the time of writing, there is little specific, authoritative advice available for pregnant women or those caring for a newborn. A letter published in The Lancet from Dr Guillaume Favre and col- leagues at the Materno-fetal & Obstetrics Research Unit, Lausanne Uni- versity Hospital, Switzerland, lists outcomes –some adverse –from the SARS and MERS epidemics and suggests an approach commensurate with the other coronavirus outbreaks:
JO  - Midwifery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 83
IS  - 
PG  - 102668
SP  - 102668
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2020.102668
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0266613820300413
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Global health emergency declared by WHO
AU  - Duff, Elizabeth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - On 30 January 2020 the Director-General of the World Health Organization, Dr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, declared –on the advice of the WHO Emergency Committee –that the outbreak of 2019-nCoV (novel coronavirus) constitutes a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC). The new virus was later given the official name of COVID-19. Both terms are used in this report.
JO  - Midwifery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 83
IS  - 
PG  - 102668
SP  - 102668
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2020.102668
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0266613820300413
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - China’s aggressive measures have slowed the coronavirus. They may not work in other countries
AU  - Cohen, Kai Kupferschmidt
AU  - Jon
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The question now is whether the world can take lessons from China’s apparent success—and whether the massive lockdowns and electronic surveillance measures imposed by an authoritarian government would work in other countries. “When you spend 20, 30 years in this business it’s like, ‘Seriously, you’re going to try and change that with those tactics?’” says Bruce Aylward, a Canadian WHO epidemiologist who led the international team and briefed journalists about its findings in Beijing and Geneva last week. “Hundreds of thousands of people in China did not get COVID-19 because of this aggressive response.”
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb5426
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/03/china-s-aggressive-measures-have-slowed-coronavirus-they-may-not-work-other-countries
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: a digital epidemic
AU  - Chiolero, Arnaud
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The covid-19 epidemic is not only viral—it is also digital.1Information spread through social and traditional media, as well as through governmental or health agencies, has reached …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m764
SP  - m764
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m764
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/content/368/bmj.m764.abstract
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preparedness and proactive infection control measures against the emerging novel coronavirus in China
AU  - Cheng, V. C. C.
AU  - Wong, S. C.
AU  - To, K. K. W.
AU  - Ho, P. L.
AU  - Yuen, K. Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Hospital Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 104
IS  - 3
PG  - 254-255
SP  - 254
EP  - 255
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2020.01.010
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0195670120300347
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Pipeline: an Overview
AU  - Chen, Wen-Hsiang
AU  - Strych, Ulrich
AU  - Hotez, Peter J.
AU  - Bottazzi, Maria Elena
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The goal of this review is to provide a timely overview on efforts to develop a vaccine for the 2019 novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of coronavirus disease (COVID-19).
JO  - Current Tropical Medicine Reports
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s40475-020-00201-6
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s40475-020-00201-6
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Hospital Emergency Management Plan During the COVID-19 Epidemic
AU  - Cao, Yubin
AU  - Li, Qin
AU  - Chen, Jing
AU  - Guo, Xia
AU  - Miao, Cheng
AU  - Yang, Hui
AU  - Chen, Zihang
AU  - Li, Chunjie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract The confirmed and suspected cases of the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) have increased not only in Wuhan, Hubei Province but also China and the world. Enormous demand for handling the COVID-19 outbreak challenged both the healthcare personnel and medical supply system. In West China Hospital, Emergency Department (ED) undertook the mission of clinical reception, primary diagnosis, and interim treatment for the suspected cases of COVID-19.
JO  - Academic Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/acem.13951
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/acem.13951
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 infection in children: Transmission dynamics and clinical characteristics
AU  - Cao, Qing
AU  - Chen, Yi-Ching
AU  - Chen, Chyi-Liang
AU  - Chiu, Cheng-Hsun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the Formosan Medical Association
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfma.2020.02.009
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S092966462030067X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Responding to health emergencies in the Eastern Mediterranean region in times of conflict
AU  - Brennan, Richard
AU  - Hajjeh, Rana
AU  - Al-Mandhari, Ahmed
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - WHO's Eastern Mediterranean region (EMR) is facing emergencies on a scale that is perhaps unprecedented in its history. There is armed conflict in 12 of the region's 22 countries.1 , 2 The region's 680 million people3 represent 9% of the global population, yet the EMR is home to 43% of those who need humanitarian assistance4 and is the source of 64% of the world's refugees.5 The health effects of these crises are immense. Direct health consequences include trauma-related deaths and disability, gender-based violence, and mental disorders. Disruption of health systems contributes to increased morbidity and mortality from infectious diseases, malnutrition, obstetric complications, and non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Health indicators in the EMR are among the worst in the world.6 State fragility and conflict are among the biggest challenges to attainment of Sustainable Development Goal 3.7 Conflict is a global health security threat because affected countries are less able to prevent, detect, and respond to disease outbreaks. More than 70% of disease outbreaks worldwide occur in fragile and conflict-affected settings.8 Yemen has experienced the largest cholera outbreak in history.9 During the second half of 2019, there were six concurrent disease outbreaks in Sudan.10 Wild polio virus returned to Syria due to conflict,11 while Afghanistan and Pakistan are two of three countries where the virus remains endemic.12 The average International Health Regulations (IHR) core capacity score is much lower for the 12 conflict-affected countries than for the other countries in the region,6 placing them at greater risk of spread and public health consequences of the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and other epidemic-prone diseases. WHO's global COVID-19 strategic preparedness and response plan13 therefore prioritises countries with weak health systems for technical and operational support from international partners. COVID-19 has already affected ten countries in the region, as of Feb 28, 2020, including Afghanistan, Iraq, and Pakistan.
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30069-6
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30069-6
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Tracking online heroisation and blame in epidemics
AU  - Atlani-Duault, Laëtitia
AU  - Ward, Jeremy K.
AU  - Roy, Melissa
AU  - Morin, Céline
AU  - Wilson, Andrew
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 5
IS  - 3
PG  - e137-e138
SP  - e137
EP  - e138
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30033-5
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468266720300335
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - On the Coronavirus (COVID-19) Outbreak and the Smart City Network: Universal Data Sharing Standards Coupled with Artificial Intelligence (AI) to Benefit Urban Health Monitoring and Management
AU  - Allam, Zaheer
AU  - Jones, David S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As the Coronavirus (COVID-19) expands its impact from China, expanding its catchment into surrounding regions and other countries, increased national and international measures are being taken to contain the outbreak. The placing of entire cities in ‘lockdown’ directly affects urban economies on a multi-lateral level, including from social and economic standpoints. This is being emphasised as the outbreak gains ground in other countries, leading towards a global health emergency, and as global collaboration is sought in numerous quarters. However, while effective protocols in regard to the sharing of health data is emphasised, urban data, on the other hand, specifically relating to urban health and safe city concepts, is still viewed from a nationalist perspective as solely benefiting a nation’s economy and its economic and political influence. This perspective paper, written one month after detection and during the outbreak, surveys the virus outbreak from an urban standpoint and advances how smart city networks should work towards enhancing standardization protocols for increased data sharing in the event of outbreaks or disasters, leading to better global understanding and management of the same.
JO  - Healthcare
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 8
IS  - 1
PG  - 46
SP  - 46
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/healthcare8010046
UR  - https://doaj.org/article/456f722c3ff649de91ebe53a0f1bf827 © 2020 Clarivate Analytics
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Journal of Hospital Infection to move to Article-Based Publishing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Hospital Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 104
IS  - 3
PG  - 245
SP  - 245
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2020.02.013
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0195670120300864
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Tropical Medicine & International Health March 2020
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Editorial An editorial on the COVID-19 epidemic summarizes the current knowledge about the disease and the novel SARS-CoV-2 virus. In particular, characteristics of the virus and treatment options are addressed
JO  - Tropical Medicine & International Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 25
IS  - 3
PG  - 277-277
SP  - 277
EP  - 277
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/tmi.13254
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/tmi.13254
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Editor's Note
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A few years ago, when I wrote an editorial note, there was an unseasonable heavy snowfall,making the city of Tokyo havoc. This time the cause is the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2).Infection by this novel virus had become grave news involving the whole world by the end ofJanuary. Now, as I am writing this, there is no cure, and the number of patients is also increasingday by day in Japan. Masks are out of stock throughout the city, and I have heard that people queueup for few masks in front of drug stores from early in the morning.The effectiveness of wearing a mask to prevent infection is limited. What is the cause of such asituation? As a matter of fact, in an epidemic of infection, the most serious problem is not infectionitself, but unscientific rumors and people who are easily swayed by them. Avoidance of vaccinationby insisting that vaccines have no effect or that they are harmful to the body is fundamentally thesame. The anti-vaccination movement still exists despite the evidence-based medicine, and thereare concerns about its expansion. However, even with scientific evidence, it is not easy to persuadeanti-vaccinationists, and this is the moment, when we, academia, feel powerless.Nevertheless, we should not be discouraged. The mission of academia is to conduct reliableresearch. Reliable data are obtained from such research, and scientific solution of the problemssteadily proceed. Based on the outcomes of these data and solutions, scientists themselves shouldcreate the methods of advocacy and persuasion or rely on experts in this area.However, scientists should solve the problems with science. Academic journals such as theJuntendo Medical Journal may be of marked significance in this regard. It is important to get theexcellent findings, but even negative data need to be published somewhere and shared amongvarious people, whenever they lead to academically important questions. Such data promote thediscussions, deeper research perspectives, and new themes. Submitting articles in English has beenestablished in the Juntendo Medical Journal. The journal will achieve further progress in the nearfuture.Toshihiro MitaDepartment of Tropical Medicine and ParasitologyCall for feature article proposalsTo introduce the latest medical findings, Juntendo Medical Journal features a specific focus areafor each issue. We would like to request all our readers to address any suggestions or proposals forsuitable focus areas to our editorial office.
JO  - Juntendo Medical Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 66
IS  - 1
PG  - 98-99
SP  - 98
EP  - 99
AN  - 
DO  - 10.14789/jmj.2020.66.1-en
UR  - https://dx.doi.org/10.14789/jmj.2020.66.1-EN
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemic trend of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in mainland China
AU  - Zhu, Z. B.
AU  - Zhong, C. K.
AU  - Zhang, K. X.
AU  - Dong, C.
AU  - Peng, H.
AU  - Xu, T.
AU  - Wang, A. L.
AU  - Guo, Z. R.
AU  - Zhang, Y. H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: In order to master the epidemic trend of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and evaluate the effect of prevention and control, we evaluate the epidemic dynamics of COVID-19 in mainland China, Hubei province, Wuhan city and other provinces outside Hubei from January 16 to February 14, 2020. Methods: We collected the daily number of new confirmed COVID-19 cases by nucleic acid detection reported by the National Health Commission from January 16, 2020 to February 14, 2020. The analysis includes the epidemic curve of the new confirmed cases, multiple of the new confirmed cases for period-over-period, multiple of the new confirmed cases for fixed-base, and the period-over-period growth rate of the new confirmed cases. Results: From January 16 to February 14, 2020, the cumulative number of new confirmed cases of COVID-19 in mainland China was 50 031, including 37 930 in Hubei province, 22 883 in Wuhan city and 12 101 in other provinces outside Hubei. The peak of the number of new confirmed cases in other provinces outside Hubei was from January 31 to February 4, 2020, and the peak of new confirmed cases in Wuhan city and Hubei province was from February 5 to February 9, 2020. The number of new confirmed cases in other provinces outside Hubei showed a significant decline (23% compared with the peak) from February 5 to February 9, 2020, while the number of new confirmed cases in Wuhan city (30% compared with the peak) and Hubei Province (37% compared with the peak) decreased significantly from February 10 to February 14, 2020. Conclusion: The epidemic prevention and control measures taken by the state and governments at all levels have shown very significant effects, effectively curbing the spread of the COVID-19 epidemic in China.
JO  - Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 0
PG  - E022-E022
SP  - E022
EP  - E022
AN  - 32125133
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20200222-00163
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32125133
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The novel coronavirus outbreak in Wuhan, China Development and validation of knowledge, attitude and practice questionnaire for prevention of respiratory tract infections among Malaysian Hajj pilgrims
AU  - Zhu, Hengbo
AU  - Wei, Li
AU  - Niu, Ping
AU  - Goni, Mohammed Dauda
AU  - Naing, Nyi Nyi
AU  - Hasan, Habsah
AU  - Wan-Arfah, Nadiah
AU  - Deris, Zakuan Zainy
AU  - Arifin, Wan Nor
AU  - Hussin, Tengku Mohammad Ariff Raja
AU  - Abdulrahman, Abdulwali Sabo
AU  - Baaba, Aisha Abubakar
AU  - Arshad, Muhammad Rafie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV, or COVID-19) epidemic first broke out in Wuhan and has been spreading in whole China and the world. The numbers of new infections and deaths in Wuhan are still increasing, which have posed major public health and governance concerns. A series of mandatory actions have been taken by the municipal and provincial governments supported by the central government, such as measures to restrict travels across cities, case detection and contact tracing, quarantine, guidance and information to the public, detection kit development, etc. Challenges such as lacking effective drugs, insufficient hospital services and medical supplies, logistics, etc. have much alleviated with the solidarity of the whole society. The pandemic will definitely be ended with the continuous efforts of both national and international multi-sectoral bodies. Hajj pilgrimage faces numerous challenges including a high prevalence of respiratory tract infection as well as its prevention strategies. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a questionnaire to evaluate knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) towards respiratory tract infections (RTIs) prevention among Malaysian Hajj pilgrims.
JO  - Global Health Research and Policy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 5
IS  - 1
PG  - 6
SP  - 6
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s41256-020-00135-6 10.1186/s12889-020-8269-9
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1186/s41256-020-00135-6 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-8269-9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Individualized treatment recommendations for lung cancer patients at different stages of treatment during the outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus disease epidemic
AU  - Zhao, Z.
AU  - Bai, H.
AU  - Duan, J. C.
AU  - Wang, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In order to achieve the overall victory of the 2019 novel coronavirus disease epidemic in this 'war', especially to prevent the disease recurrence from rebounding during the resumption of labor, the government has not loosened any control of personnel mobility, which has obviously affected the normal examination and treatment of lung cancer patients under the influence of this epidemic. During the epidemic period, cancer patients with low immunity levels face the double ordeals of disease and epidemic situation. Compared with the general population, they are more likely to be infected with the new coronavirus. Among the infected cancer patients, lung cancer is the most common type. It is necessary to provide more appropriate individualized treatment recommendations for patients with lung cancer based on the epidemic situation of the patient's location and in combination with the patient's own condition. Through active prevention of infection, timely conversion of treatment strategies, online and offline joint control, and positive psychological counseling, we significantly hope to help patients with lung cancer to survive this difficult period.
JO  - Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 42
IS  - 0
PG  - E007-E007
SP  - E007
EP  - E007
AN  - 32125130
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20200228-00146
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32125130
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Relation Between Chest CT Findings and Clinical Conditions of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Pneumonia: A Multicenter Study
AU  - Zhao, Wei
AU  - Zhong, Zheng
AU  - Xie, Xingzhi
AU  - Yu, Qizhi
AU  - Liu, Jun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE. The increasing number of cases of confirmed coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in China is striking. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relation between chest CT findings and the clinical conditions of COVID-19 pneumonia. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Data on 101 cases of COVID-19 pneumonia were retrospectively collected from four institutions in Hunan, China. Basic clinical characteristics and detailed imaging features were evaluated and compared between two groups on the basis of clinical status: nonemergency (mild or common disease) and emergency (severe or fatal disease). RESULTS. Patients 21-50 years old accounted for most (70.2%) of the cohort, and five (5.0%) patients had disease associated with a family outbreak. Most patients (78.2%) had fever as the onset symptom. Most patients with COVID-19 pneumonia had typical imaging features, such as ground-glass opacities (GGO) (87 [86.1%]) or mixed GGO and consolidation (65 [64.4%]), vascular enlargement in the lesion (72 [71.3%]), and traction bronchiectasis (53 [52.5%]). Lesions present on CT images were more likely to have a peripheral distribution (88 [87.1%]) and bilateral involvement (83 [82.2%]) and be lower lung predominant (55 [54.5%]) and multifocal (55 [54.5%]). Patients in the emergency group were older than those in the non-emergency group. Architectural distortion, traction bronchiectasis, and CT involvement score aided in evaluation of the severity and extent of the disease. CONCLUSION. Patients with confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia have typical imaging features that can be helpful in early screening of highly suspected cases and in evaluation of the severity and extent of disease. Most patients with COVID-19 pneumonia have GGO or mixed GGO and consolidation and vascular enlargement in the lesion. Lesions are more likely to have peripheral distribution and bilateral involvement and be lower lung predominant and multifocal. CT involvement score can help in evaluation of the severity and extent of the disease.
JO  - AJR Am J Roentgenol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-6
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
AN  - 32125873
DO  - 10.2214/AJR.20.22976
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32125873
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Imaging changes in severe COVID-19 pneumonia
AU  - Zhang, Wei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Intensive Care Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1007/s00134-020-05976-w
SP  - 10.1007/s00134
EP  - 020
AN  - 32125453
DO  - 10.1007/s00134-020-05976-w
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32125453
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical trials for the treatment of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A rapid response to urgent need
AU  - He, Yudi
AU  - Xu, Wenshuai
AU  - Ma, Aiping
AU  - Yang, Yanli
AU  - Xu, Kai-Feng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Clinical trial for COVID-19 was first registered on January 23, 2020. In the last few weeks, an escalating number of clinical trials has been planned and registered with ongoing investigations taking place. From the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (http://www.chictr.org.cn) and U.S. National Library of Medicine Clinical Trial Registry (https://clinicaltrials. gov), there are 125 clinical trials registered by February 18, 2020, focusing on the treatment of COVID-19. There is an upward trend on the number of registered clinical trials (Figure 1). Among the 125 clinical trials on treatment, 33.3% used anti-viral agents, 14.7% anti-inflammation or immunomodulators, 33.3% herbs or traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), 9.3% cell-based therapy, 2.3% antioxidation and 7.0% other approaches. Pharmaceutical companies, government, institutions, physicians and scientists are the main force behind these researches. 17 years ago (2003), SARS affectedAU - Zhang, Tengyue
JO  - Science China Life Sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11427-020-1660-2
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11427-020-1660-2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Fecal specimen diagnosis 2019 Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia
AU  - Zhang, JingCheng
AU  - Wang, SaiBin
AU  - Xue, YaDong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The emergence and spread of 2019 Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia (COVID-19) from Wuhan, China, it has spread globally. We extracted the data on 14 patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 from Jinhua Municipal Central hospital through January 27th, 2020. We found that compared to pharyngeal swab specimens, nucleic acid detection of COVID-19 in fecal specimens was equally accurate. And we found that patients with a positive stool test did not experience gastrointestinal symptoms and had nothing to do with the severity of the lung infection. These results may help to understand the clinical diagnosis and the changes of clinical parameters of COVID-19. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - J Med Virol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1002/jmv.25742
SP  - 10.1002/jmv.25742
EP  - 
AN  - 32124995
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25742
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32124995
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as a SARS-CoV-2 receptor: molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic target
AU  - Zhang, Haibo
AU  - Penninger, Josef M.
AU  - Li, Yimin
AU  - Zhong, Nanshan
AU  - Slutsky, Arthur S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Intensive Care Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1007/s00134-020-05985-9
SP  - 10.1007/s00134
EP  - 020
AN  - 32125455
DO  - 10.1007/s00134-020-05985-9
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32125455
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Public's early response to the novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia
AU  - Zhan, Siyi
AU  - Yang, Ying Ying
AU  - Fu, Chuanxi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Emerg Microbes Infect
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
PG  - 534-534
SP  - 534
EP  - 534
AN  - 32122250
DO  - 10.1080/22221751.2020.1732232
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32122250
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemiologic Features and Clinical Course of Patients Infected With SARS-CoV-2 in Singapore
AU  - Young, Barnaby Edward
AU  - Ong, Sean Wei Xiang
AU  - Kalimuddin, Shirin
AU  - Low, Jenny G.
AU  - Tan, Seow Yen
AU  - Loh, Jiashen
AU  - Ng, Oon-Tek
AU  - Marimuthu, Kalisvar
AU  - Ang, Li Wei
AU  - Mak, Tze Minn
AU  - Lau, Sok Kiang
AU  - Anderson, Danielle E.
AU  - Chan, Kian Sing
AU  - Tan, Thean Yen
AU  - Ng, Tong Yong
AU  - Cui, Lin
AU  - Said, Zubaidah
AU  - Kurupatham, Lalitha
AU  - Chen, Mark I. Cheng
AU  - Chan, Monica
AU  - Vasoo, Shawn
AU  - Wang, Lin-Fa
AU  - Tan, Boon Huan
AU  - Lin, Raymond Tzer Pin
AU  - Lee, Vernon Jian Ming
AU  - Leo, Yee-Sin
AU  - Lye, David Chien
AU  - for the Singapore Novel Coronavirus Outbreak Research, Team
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in Wuhan, China, in December 2019 and has spread globally with sustained human-to-human transmission outside China.To report the initial experience in Singapore with the epidemiologic investigation of this outbreak, clinical features, and management.Descriptive case series of the first 18 patients diagnosed with polymerase chain reaction (PCR)–confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection at 4 hospitals in Singapore from January 23 to February 3, 2020; final follow-up date was February 25, 2020.Confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection.Clinical, laboratory, and radiologic data were collected, including PCR cycle threshold values from nasopharyngeal swabs and viral shedding in blood, urine, and stool. Clinical course was summarized, including requirement for supplemental oxygen and intensive care and use of empirical treatment with lopinavir-ritonavir.Among the 18 hospitalized patients with PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection (median age, 47 years; 9 [50%] women), clinical presentation was an upper respiratory tract infection in 12 (67%), and viral shedding from the nasopharynx was prolonged for 7 days or longer among 15 (83%). Six individuals (33%) required supplemental oxygen; of these, 2 required intensive care. There were no deaths. Virus was detectable in the stool (4/8 [50%]) and blood (1/12 [8%]) by PCR but not in urine. Five individuals requiring supplemental oxygen were treated with lopinavir-ritonavir. For 3 of the 5 patients, fever resolved and supplemental oxygen requirement was reduced within 3 days, whereas 2 deteriorated with progressive respiratory failure. Four of the 5 patients treated with lopinavir-ritonavir developed nausea, vomiting, and/or diarrhea, and 3 developed abnormal liver function test results.Among the first 18 patients diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection in Singapore, clinical presentation was frequently a mild respiratory tract infection. Some patients required supplemental oxygen and had variable clinical outcomes following treatment with an antiretroviral agent.
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.3204
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.3204
NS  - 
N1  - Qingxia Zhong (2020-04-14 23:09:06)(Included): correction added: 48060; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Analysis on the epidemic factors for the Corona Virus Disease
AU  - Yang, H. Y.
AU  - Duan, G. C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) , an emerging infection disease occurred in Wuhan, has spread in the mainland China. The epidemic factors on the basis of knowledge of SARS-CoV-2 were discussed in this paper. This puts a lot of pressure on clinical resources and care. SARS-CoV-2 is a novel corona virus, the onset of COVID-19 is slow, and the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 remains unclear and may lead to multiple organ damage. These put a lot of pressure on clinical resources and care. Source of infection including the patients, asymptomatic carrier and patients in the incubation period are contagious. It is difficult to control source of infection. Routes of SARS-CoV-2 transmission are diversified and the main routes of transmission for COVID-19 are droplet transmission and close contact transmission. All population have susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2. Social factors such population movements and aggregation accelerated the spread of SARS-CoV-2. The Chinese government's adopted measures are positive and effective, and are accepted by the expert group from the World Health Organization. However, it will be a long-term hard work in the future to seriously summarize and think deeply to achieve public health security in China.
JO  - Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 0
PG  - E021-E021
SP  - E021
EP  - E021
AN  - 32125129
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20200227-00196
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32125129
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Broad Spectrum Antiviral Agent Niclosamide and Its Therapeutic Potential
AU  - Xu, Jimin
AU  - Shi, Pei-Yong
AU  - Li, Hongmin
AU  - Zhou, Jia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The recent outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) highlights an urgent need for therapeutics. Through a series of drug repurposing screening campaigns, niclosamide, an FDA-approved anthelminthic drug, was found to be effective against various viral infections with nanomolar to micromolar potency such as SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, ZIKV, HCV and human adenovirus, indicating its potential as an antiviral agent. In this brief article, we summarize the broad antiviral activities of niclosamide and highlight its potential clinical use for treatment of COVID-19.
JO  - ACS Infect Dis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1021/acsinfecdis.0c00052
SP  - 10.1021/acsinfecdis.0c00052
EP  - 
AN  - 32125140
DO  - 10.1021/acsinfecdis.0c00052
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32125140
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The 2019-nCoV epidemic control strategies and future challenges of building healthy smart cities
AU  - Xu, Chunwen
AU  - Luo, Xilian
AU  - Yu, Chuck
AU  - Cao, Shi-Jie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - reported and confirmed on 31 December 2019, in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, which is one of China’s largest cities and a major domestic transport hub (located in the central part of China, as shown in Figure 1).1 The epidemic is attracting worldwide concern due to its rapid spread and transmission rate between humans. On 30 January 2020, the International Health Regulations, Emergency Committee of the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the outbreak – a ‘public health emergency of international concern’.2 On 8 February 2020 (24:00 GMT?+?8), there were 37,198 confirmed infections in China (including 811 deaths with a death ratio of 2.1%; and 6188 patients were confirmed in serious condition and 28,942 suspected cases).3 The COVID 19 infections were also reported in 26 other countries on 7 February 2020, including Canada, the USA, Australia, India, Sri-Lanka, Cambodia, Thailand, Vietnam, Malaysia, Singapore, Taiwan, the Republic of Korea, Sri Lanka, Japan, Philippines, Nepal, United Arab Emirates, Russia, Italy, Germany, Sweden, Finland, Belgium, Spain, France and the UK.4
JO  - Indoor and Built Environment
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1420326X20910408
SP  - 1420326X20910408
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/1420326X20910408
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1177/1420326X20910408
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) CT distribution and sign features
AU  - Wu, J.
AU  - Feng, C. L.
AU  - Xian, X. Y.
AU  - Qiang, J.
AU  - Zhang, J.
AU  - Mao, Q. X.
AU  - Kong, S. F.
AU  - Chen, Y. C.
AU  - Pan, J. P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To investigate the imaging findings of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19). Methods: From January 20 to February 5, 2020, a total of 130 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 from seven hospitals in China were collected. The imaging data were reviewed and analyzed in detail. Results: (1) Distribution: the lesion detected in the lung unilaterally in 14 cases (10.7%) and bilaterally in 116 cases (89.3%). According to the distribution in the lobes of the lung, all cases could be classified into subpleural distribution (102 cases, 78.4%), centrilobular distribution (99 cases, 76.1%) and diffused distribution (8 cases, 6.1%). (2) Number of lesions: single lesion 9 cases (6.9%); multiple lesions 113 cases (86.9%), diffuse lesions 8 cases (6.1%). (3) Imaging density: 70 cases (53.8%) of ground-glass opacity (GGO), 60 cases (46.2%) of GGO + consolidation. (4) Accompanying signs: 100 cases (76.9%) with vascular thickening, 98 cases (75.3%) with "pleural parallel sign" ; "intralobular septal thickening" in 100 cases (76.9%); "halo sign" in 13 cases (10%); "reversed-halo sign" in 6 cases (4.6%); pleural effusion in 3 cases (2.3 %), and pneumatocele in 2 cases (1.5%); no case with pulmonary cavity. Among 35 patients that underwent follow-up CT, 21 patients (60%) improved while 14 (40%) exacerbated. Conclusions: COVID-19 imaging characteristic mainly has subpleural, centrilobular and diffused distribution. The first two distributions can overlap or progress to diffused distribution. In the later period, it was mainly manifested as organizing pneumonia and fibrosis. The most valuable characteristic is the pleural parallel sign.
JO  - Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 0
PG  - E030-E030
SP  - E030
EP  - E030
AN  - 32125131
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20200217-00106
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32125131
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Thinking on Clinical rational use of TCM injection in the treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19)
AU  - Wang, Z. F.
AU  - Wang, Y. P.
AU  - Zhang, H. M.
AU  - Fan, Y. P.
AU  - Lü, C.
AU  - Wang, Y. Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 100
IS  - 0
PG  - E016-E016
SP  - E016
EP  - E016
AN  - 32122113
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.cn112137-20200221-00388
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32122113
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Estimating the basic reproduction number of COVID-19 in Wuhan, China
AU  - Wang, Y.
AU  - You, X. Y.
AU  - Wang, Y. J.
AU  - Peng, L. P.
AU  - Du, Z. C.
AU  - Gilmour, S.
AU  - Yoneoka, D.
AU  - Gu, J.
AU  - Hao, C.
AU  - Hao, Y. T.
AU  - Li, J. H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: The number of confirmed and suspected cases of the COVID-19 in Hubei province is still increasing. However, the estimations of the basic reproduction number of COVID-19 varied greatly across studies. The objectives of this study are 1) to estimate the basic reproduction number (R(0)) of COVID-19 reflecting the infectiousness of the virus and 2) to assess the effectiveness of a range of controlling intervention. Method: The reported number of daily confirmed cases from January 17 to February 8, 2020 in Hubei province were collected and used for model fit. Four methods, the exponential growth (EG), maximum likelihood estimation (ML), sequential Bayesian method (SB) and time dependent reproduction numbers (TD), were applied to estimate the R(0). Result: Among the four methods, the EG method fitted the data best. The estimated R(0) was 3.49 (95% CI: 3.42-3.58) by using EG method. The R(0) was estimated to be 2.95 (95%CI: 2.86-3.03) after taking control measures. Conclusion: In the early stage of the epidemic, it is appropriate to estimate R(0) using the EG method. Meanwhile, timely and effective control measures were warranted to further reduce the spread of COVID-19.
JO  - Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 4
PG  - 476-479
SP  - 476
EP  - 479
AN  - 32125128
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200210-00086
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32125128
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A case of 2019 Novel Coronavirus in a pregnant woman with preterm delivery
AU  - Wang, Xiaotong
AU  - Zhou, Zhiqiang
AU  - Zhang, Jianping
AU  - Zhu, Fengfeng
AU  - Tang, Yongyan
AU  - Shen, Xinghua
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We presented a case of a 30-week pregnant woman with COVID-19 delivering a healthy baby with no evidence of COVID-19.
JO  - Clin Infect Dis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - ciaa200
SP  - ciaa200
EP  - 
AN  - 32119083
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa200
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32119083
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Science in the fight against the novel coronavirus disease
AU  - Wang, Jian-Wei
AU  - Cao, Bin
AU  - Wang, Chen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Chin Med J (Engl)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000777
SP  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000777
EP  - 
AN  - 32118642
DO  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000777
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32118642
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Response to COVID-19 in Taiwan: Big Data Analytics, New Technology, and Proactive Testing
AU  - Wang, C. Jason
AU  - Ng, Chun Y.
AU  - Brook, Robert H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1001/jama.2020.3151
SP  - 10.1001/jama.2020.3151
EP  - 
AN  - 32125371
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.3151
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32125371
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19, Australia: Epidemiology Report 5 (Reporting week ending 19:00 AEDT 29 February 2020)
AU  - Team, Covid- National Incident Room Surveillance
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This is the fifth epidemiological report for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), reported in Australia as at 19:00 Australian Eastern Daylight Time [AEDT] 29 February 2020. It includes data on COVID-19 cases diagnosed in Australia, the international situation and a review of current evidence.
JO  - Commun Dis Intell (2018)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 44
IS  - 
PG  - 10.33321/cdi.2020.44.20
SP  - 10.33321/cdi.2020.44.20
EP  - 
AN  - 32126197
DO  - 10.33321/cdi.2020.44.20
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32126197
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - On the origin and continuing evolution of SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Tang, Xiaolu
AU  - Wu, Changcheng
AU  - Li, Xiang
AU  - Song, Yuhe
AU  - Yao, Xinmin
AU  - Wu, Xinkai
AU  - Duan, Yuange
AU  - Zhang, Hong
AU  - Wang, Yirong
AU  - Qian, Zhaohui
AU  - Cui, Jie
AU  - Lu, Jian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The SARS-CoV-2 epidemic started in late December 2019 in Wuhan, China, and has since impacted a large portion of China and raised major global concern. Herein, we investigated the extent of molecular divergence between SARS-CoV-2 and other related coronaviruses. Although we found only 4% variability in genomic nucleotides between SARS-CoV-2 and a bat SARS-related coronavirus (SARSr-CoV; RaTG13), the difference at neutral sites was 17%, suggesting the divergence between the two viruses is much larger than previously estimated. Our results suggest that the development of new variations in functional sites in the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike seen in SARS-CoV-2 and viruses from pangolin SARSr-CoVs are likely caused by mutations and natural selection besides recombination. Population genetic analyses of 103 SARS-CoV-2 genomes indicated that these viruses evolved into two major types (designated L and S), that are well defined by two different SNPs that show nearly complete linkage across the viral strains sequenced to date. Although the L type (∼70%) is more prevalent than the S type (∼30%), the S type was found to be the ancestral version. Whereas the L type was more prevalent in the early stages of the outbreak in Wuhan, the frequency of the L type decreased after early January 2020. Human intervention may have placed more severe selective pressure on the L type, which might be more aggressive and spread more quickly. On the other hand, the S type, which is evolutionarily older and less aggressive, might have increased in relative frequency due to relatively weaker selective pressure. These findings strongly support an urgent need for further immediate, comprehensive studies that combine genomic data, epidemiological data, and chart records of the clinical symptoms of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
JO  - National Science Review
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/nsr/nwaa036
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwaa036
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Potential Factors Influencing Repeated SARS Outbreaks in China
AU  - Sun, Zhong
AU  - Thilakavathy, Karuppiah
AU  - Kumar, S. S.
AU  - He, Guozhong
AU  - Liu, V. Shi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Within last 17 years two widespread epidemics of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) occurred in China, which were caused by related coronaviruses (CoVs): SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2. Although the origin(s) of these viruses are still unknown and their occurrences in nature are mysterious, some general patterns of their pathogenesis and epidemics are noticeable. Both viruses utilize the same receptor&mdash;angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)&mdash;for invading human bodies. Both epidemics occurred in cold dry winter seasons celebrated with major holidays, and started in regions where dietary consumption of wildlife is a fashion. Thus, if bats were the natural hosts of SARS-CoVs, cold temperature and low humidity in these times might provide conducive environmental conditions for prolonged viral survival in these regions concentrated with bats. The widespread existence of these bat-carried or -released viruses might have an easier time in breaking through human defenses when harsh winter makes human bodies more vulnerable. Once succeeding in making some initial human infections, spreading of the disease was made convenient with increased social gathering and holiday travel. These natural and social factors influenced the general progression and trajectory of the SARS epidemiology. However, some unique factors might also contribute to the origination of SARS in Wuhan. These factors are discussed in different scenarios in order to promote more research for achieving final validation.
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 17
IS  - 5
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/ijerph17051633
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Active Monitoring of Persons Exposed to Patients with Confirmed COVID-19 — United States, January–February 2020
AU  - Sara Rudman
AU  - Sarah Scott
AU  - Aron J. Hall Alicia M. Fry
AU  - Melissa A. Rolfes, Rachel M. Burke
AU  - Claire M. Midgley
AU  - Alissa Dratch
AU  - Marty Fenstersheib
AU  - Thomas Haupt
AU  - Michelle Holshue
AU  - Isaac Ghinai
AU  - M. Claire Jarashow
AU  - Jennifer Lo
AU  - Tristan D. McPherson;
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, an outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the virus SARS-CoV-2, began in Wuhan, China (1). The disease spread widely in China, and, as of February 26, 2020, COVID-19 cases had been identified in 36 other countries and territories, including the United States. Person-to-person transmission has been widely documented, and a limited number of countries have reported sustained person-to-person spread.* On January 20, state and local health departments in the United States, in collaboration with teams deployed from CDC, began identifying and monitoring all persons considered to have had close contact† with patients with confirmed COVID-19 (2). The aims of these efforts were to ensure rapid evaluation and care of patients, limit further transmission, and better understand risk factors for transmission.
JO  - MMWR and Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6909e1external
UR  - https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/mm6909e1.htm?s_cid=mm6909e1_w#
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV): Update on 3rd Coronavirus Outbreak of 21st Century
AU  - Sahu, Kamal Kant
AU  - Mishra, Ajay Kumar
AU  - Lal, Amos
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - QJM
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - hcaa081
SP  - hcaa081
EP  - 
AN  - 32125418
DO  - 10.1093/qjmed/hcaa081
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32125418
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical predictors of mortality due to COVID-19 based on an analysis of data of 150 patients from Wuhan, China
AU  - Ruan, Qiurong
AU  - Yang, Kun
AU  - Wang, Wenxia
AU  - Jiang, Lingyu
AU  - Song, Jianxin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Intensive Care Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1007/s00134-020-05991-x
SP  - 10.1007/s00134
EP  - 020
AN  - 32125452
DO  - 10.1007/s00134-020-05991-x
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32125452
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in Latin America: The implications of the first confirmed case in Brazil
AU  - Rodriguez-Morales, Alfonso J.
AU  - Gallego, Viviana
AU  - Escalera-Antezana, Juan Pablo
AU  - Mendez, Claudio A.
AU  - Zambrano, Lysien I.
AU  - Franco-Paredes, Carlos
AU  - Suárez, Jose A.
AU  - Rodriguez-Enciso, Hernan D.
AU  - Balbin-Ramon, Graciela Josefina
AU  - Savio-Larriera, Eduardo
AU  - Risquez, Alejandro
AU  - Cimerman, Sergio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Travel Med Infect Dis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101613-101613
SP  - 101613
EP  - 101613
AN  - 32126292
DO  - 10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101613
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32126292
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Sixty seconds on . . . beards
AU  - Rimmer, Abi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Now calm down, we’re not about to start dolling out fashion tips for your facial fuzz. We’re talking about how having a hairy face could stop protective face masks from fitting properly.It can do. Derek Sandeman, the medical director of the University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, has written to his clinical staff asking anyone working in high risk …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m811
SP  - m811
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m811
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/content/368/bmj.m811.abstract
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical characteristics and outcomes of 112 cardiovascular disease patients infected by 2019-nCoV
AU  - Peng, Y. D.
AU  - Meng, K.
AU  - Guan, H. Q.
AU  - Leng, L.
AU  - Zhu, R. R.
AU  - Wang, B. Y.
AU  - He, M. A.
AU  - Cheng, L. X.
AU  - Huang, K.
AU  - Zeng, Q. T.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To explore the clinical characteristics and prognosis of the new coronavirus 2019-nCoV patients combined with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 112 COVID-19 patients with CVD admitted to the western district of Union Hospital in Wuhan, from January 20, 2020 to February 15, 2020. They were divided into critical group (ICU, n=16) and general group (n=96) according to the severity of the disease and patients were followed up to the clinical endpoint. The observation indicators included total blood count, C-reactive protein (CRP), arterial blood gas analysis, myocardial injury markers, coagulation function, liver and kidney function, electrolyte, procalcitonin (PCT), B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), blood lipid, pulmonary CT and pathogen detection. Results: Compared with the general group, the lymphocyte count (0.74×10(9) (0.34×10(9), 0.94×10(9))/L vs. 0.99×10(9) (0.71×10(9), 1.29×10(9))/L, P=0.03) was extremely lower in the critical group, CRP (106.98 (81.57, 135.76) mg/L vs. 34.34 (9.55,76.54) mg/L, P<0.001) and PCT (0.20 (0.15,0.48) μg/L vs. 0.11 (0.06,0.20)μg/L, P<0.001) were significantly higher in the critical group. The BMI of the critical group was significantly higher than that of the general group (25.5 (23.0, 27.5) kg/m(2) vs. 22.0 (20.0, 24.0) kg/m(2), P=0.003). Patients were further divided into non-survivor group (17, 15.18%) group and survivor group (95, 84.82%). Among the non-survivors, there were 88.24% (15/17) patients with BMI> 25 kg/m(2), which was significantly higher than that of survivors (18.95% (18/95), P<0.001). Compared with the survived patients, oxygenation index (130 (102, 415) vs. 434 (410, 444), P<0.001) was significantly lower and lactic acid (1.70 (1.30, 3.00) mmol/L vs. 1.20 (1.10, 1.60) mmol/L, P<0.001) was significantly higher in the non-survivors. There was no significant difference in the proportion of ACEI/ARB medication between the critical group and the general group or between non-survivors and survivors (all P>0.05). Conclusion: COVID-19 patients combined with CVD are associated with a higher risk of mortality. Critical patients are characterized with lower lymphocyte counts. Higher BMI are more often seen in critical patients and non-survivor. ACEI/ARB use does not affect the morbidity and mortality of COVID-19 combined with CVD. Aggravating causes of death include fulminant inflammation, lactic acid accumulation and thrombotic events.
JO  - Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 48
IS  - 0
PG  - E004-E004
SP  - E004
EP  - E004
AN  - 32120458
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20200220-00105
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32120458
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Backcalculating the Incidence of Infection with COVID-19 on the Diamond Princess
AU  - Nishiura, Hiroshi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - To understand the time-dependent risk of infection on a cruise ship, the Diamond Princess, I estimated the incidence of infection with novel coronavirus (COVID-19). The epidemic curve of a total of 199 confirmed cases was drawn, classifying individuals into passengers with and without close contact and crew members. A backcalculation method was employed to estimate the incidence of infection. The peak time of infection was seen for the time period from 2 to 4 February 2020, and the incidence has abruptly declined afterwards. The estimated number of new infections among passengers without close contact was very small from 5 February on which a movement restriction policy was imposed. Without the intervention from 5 February, it was predicted that the cumulative incidence with and without close contact would have been as large as 1373 (95% CI: 570, 2176) and 766 (95% CI: 587, 946) cases, respectively, while these were kept to be 102 and 47 cases, respectively. Based on an analysis of illness onset data on board, the risk of infection among passengers without close contact was considered to be very limited. Movement restriction greatly reduced the number of infections from 5 February onwards.
JO  - J Clin Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 3
PG  - E657
SP  - E657
EP  - 
AN  - 32121356
DO  - 10.3390/jcm9030657
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32121356
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The coronavirus 2019-nCoV epidemic: Is hindsight 20/20?
AU  - Malta, Monica
AU  - Rimoin, Anne W.
AU  - Strathdee, Steffanie A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - EClinicalMedicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 20
IS  - 
PG  - 100289
SP  - 100289
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100289
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S258953702030033X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: retired doctors could be asked to return to work, says Hancock
AU  - Mahase, Elisabeth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m831-m831
SP  - m831
EP  - m831
AN  - 32122881
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m831
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32122881
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: UK could delay non-urgent care and call doctors back from leave and retirement
AU  - Mahase, Elisabeth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Healthcare staff on leave and those who have retired could be called “back to duty,” and non-urgent care could be delayed, as doctors are forced to prioritise dealing with covid-19, the UK government’s action plan lays out.The government will also implement a “distribution strategy for the UK’s stockpiles of key medicines and equipment (e.g. protective clothing),” the document said.However, the plan did not include details of how or when these measures would be …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m854
SP  - m854
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m854
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/content/368/bmj.m854.abstract
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Management and clinical thinking of Coronavirus Disease 2019
AU  - Ma, K.
AU  - Chen, T.
AU  - Han, M. F.
AU  - Guo, W.
AU  - Ning, Q.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, the 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP, officially named Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-19) by the World Health Organization) broke out in Wuhan, Hubei, and it quickly spread to the whole country and abroad. The situation was at stake. The sudden and serious COVID-19 epidemic has brought us a lot of urgent problems. How to effectively control the spread of COVID-19? When does the population infection rate rise to its peak? What will eventually be the number of infected patients? How to make early diagnosis? What effective antiviral drugs are available? How to effectively treat with existing drugs? Can it successfully improve the survival rate of critically patients? In response to the above questions, we put forward corresponding suggestions and reflections from the perspective of the infectious clinician.
JO  - Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 28
IS  - 0
PG  - E002-E002
SP  - E002
EP  - E002
AN  - 32125126
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-3418.2020.0002
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32125126
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Expert recommendations on the management of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer during epidemic of COVID-19 (Trial version)
AU  - Lung Cancer Study Group, Chinese Thoracic Society Chinese Medical Association
AU  - Chinese Respiratory Oncology, Collaboration
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a public health emergency of major international concern. Given the systemic immunosuppressive state caused by malignancy and anticancer treatments, patients with advanced lung cancer may be at a higher risk of COVID-19 infection. During epidemic of COVID-19, a guideline for the optimal management of patients with advanced lung cancer urgently needs to be proposed to distinguish the symptoms of COVID-19 and the side effects of antitumor drugs. This network questionnaire survey was conducted on the lung cancer group of the Chinese Thoracic Society, Chinese Medical Association; the lung cancer group of the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology Youth Committee; and the Chinese Respiratory Oncology Collaboration. 321 valid questionnaires were received. Based on the guidelines on lung cancer and the results of the questionnaires, a consensus was reached. During the epidemic of COVID-19, We recommended that patients with advanced NSCLC should be treated as outpatients as possible at the nearest medical center; Patients who need to be hospitalized for antitumor treatment should be excluded from COVID-19 infection; More intensive attention should be paid to identification of COVID-19-related symptoms and adverse reactions caused by the malignancy or antitumor treatments. Stronger personal protection should be made for advanced NSCLC patients; An intentional postponing of antitumor treatment should be considered according to patient performance status. Treatment strategies should be made according to different types of advanced NSCLC patients and efficacy and toxicity of drugs.
JO  - Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 0
PG  - E031-E031
SP  - E031
EP  - E031
AN  - 32125132
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20200221-00138
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32125132
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Analysis of factors associated with disease outcomes in hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus disease
AU  - Liu, Wei
AU  - Tao, Zhao-Wu
AU  - Lei, Wang
AU  - Ming-Li, Yuan
AU  - Kui, Liu
AU  - Ling, Zhou
AU  - Shuang, Wei
AU  - Yan, Deng
AU  - Jing, Liu
AU  - Liu, Hui-Guo
AU  - Ming, Yang
AU  - Yi, Hu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Since early December 2019, the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has caused pneumonia epidemic in Wuhan, Hubei province of China. This study aims to investigate the factors affecting the progression of pneumonia in COVID-19 patients. Associated results will be used to evaluate the prognosis and to find the optimal treatment regimens for COVID-19 pneumonia. METHODS: Patients tested positive for the COVID-19 based on nucleic acid detection were included in this study. Patients were admitted to 3 tertiary hospitals in Wuhan between December 30, 2019, and January 15, 2020. Individual data, laboratory indices, imaging characteristics, and clinical data were collected, and statistical analysis was performed. Based on clinical typing results, the patients were divided into a progression group or an improvement/stabilization group. Continuous variables were analyzed using independent samples t-test or Mann-Whitney U test. Categorical variables were analyzed using Chi-squared test or Fisher exact test. Logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the risk factors for disease progression. RESULTS: Seventy-eight patients with COVID-19-induced pneumonia met the inclusion criteria and were included in this study. Efficacy evaluation at 2 weeks after hospitalization indicated that 11 patients (14.1%) had deteriorated, and 67 patients (85.9%) had improved/stabilized. The patients in the progression group were significantly older than those in the disease improvement/stabilization group (66 [51, 70] vs. 37 [32, 41] years, U = 4.932, P = 0.001). The progression group had a significantly higher proportion of patients with a history of smoking than the improvement/stabilization group (27.3% vs. 3.0%, χ = 9.291, P = 0.018). For all the 78 patients, fever was the most common initial symptom, and the maximum body temperature at admission was significantly higher in the progression group than in the improvement/stabilization group (38.2 [37.8, 38.6] vs. 37.5 [37.0, 38.4]°C, U = 2.057, P = 0.027). Moreover, the proportion of patients with respiratory failure (54.5% vs. 20.9%, χ = 5.611, P = 0.028) and respiratory rate (34 [18, 48] vs. 24 [16, 60] breaths/min, U = 4.030, P = 0.004) were significantly higher in the progression group than in the improvement/stabilization group. C-reactive protein was significantly elevated in the progression group compared to the improvement/stabilization group (38.9 [14.3, 64.8] vs. 10.6 [1.9, 33.1] mg/L, U = 1.315, P = 0.024). Albumin was significantly lower in the progression group than in the improvement/stabilization group (36.62 ± 6.60 vs. 41.27 ± 4.55 g/L, U = 2.843, P = 0.006). Patients in the progression group were more likely to receive high-level respiratory support than in the improvement/stabilization group (χ = 16.01, P = 0.001). Multivariate logistic analysis indicated that age (odds ratio [OR], 8.546; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.628-44.864; P = 0.011), history of smoking (OR, 14.285; 95% CI: 1.577-25.000; P = 0.018), maximum body temperature at admission (OR, 8.999; 95% CI: 1.036-78.147, P = 0.046), respiratory failure (OR, 8.772, 95% CI: 1.942-40.000; P = 0.016), albumin (OR, 7.353, 95% CI: 1.098-50.000; P = 0.003), and C-reactive protein (OR, 10.530; 95% CI: 1.224-34.701, P = 0.028) were risk factors for disease progression. CONCLUSIONS: Several factors that led to the progression of COVID-19 pneumonia were identified, including age, history of smoking, maximum body temperature on admission, respiratory failure, albumin, C-reactive protein. These results can be used to further enhance the ability of management of COVID-19 pneumonia.
JO  - Chin Med J (Engl)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000775
SP  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000775
EP  - 
AN  - 32118640
DO  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000775
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32118640
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Community Transmission of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2, Shenzhen, China, 2020
AU  - Liu, Jiaye
AU  - Liao, Xuejiao
AU  - Qian, Shen
AU  - Yuan, Jing
AU  - Wang, Fuxiang
AU  - Liu, Yingxia
AU  - Wang, Zhaoqin
AU  - Wang, Fu-Sheng
AU  - Liu, Lei
AU  - Zhang, Zheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since early January 2020, after the outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus infection in Wuhan, China, ≈365 confirmed cases have been reported in Shenzhen, China. The mode of community and intrafamily transmission is threatening residents in Shenzhen. Strategies to strengthen prevention and interruption of these transmissions should be urgently addressed.
JO  - Emerg Infect Dis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 26
IS  - 6
PG  - 10.3201/eid2606.200239
SP  - 10.3201/eid2606.200239
EP  - 
AN  - 32125269
DO  - 10.3201/eid2606.200239
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32125269
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Laboratory abnormalities in patients with COVID-2019 infection
AU  - Lippi, Giuseppe
AU  - Plebani, Mario
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clin Chem Lab Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - /j/cclm.ahead-of-print/cclm-2020-0198/cclm-2020-0198.xml
SP  - /j/cclm.ahead
EP  - of
AN  - 32119647
DO  - 10.1515/cclm-2020-0198
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32119647
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Solidarity with China as it holds the global front line during COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Lin, Leesa
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Travel Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - taaa027
SP  - taaa027
EP  - 
AN  - 32125432
DO  - 10.1093/jtm/taaa027
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32125432
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Helping the Radiologist: The Role of Scientific Journals to Help Prevent the Spread of COVID-19
AU  - Li, Xiaohu
AU  - Qian, Yinfeng
AU  - Liu, Bin
AU  - Yu, Yongqiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 200661-200661
SP  - 200661
EP  - 200661
AN  - 32125934
DO  - 10.1148/radiol.2020200661
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32125934
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Disease control of 2019-novel coronavirus infection in hospital: West China urgent recommendation
AU  - Li, S.
AU  - Huang, W.
AU  - Liao, X.
AU  - Li, D.
AU  - Du, L.
AU  - Song, J.
AU  - Zhou, Y.
AU  - Zhao, S.
AU  - Wang, Y.
AU  - Cao, X.
AU  - Wang, J.
AU  - Liu, J.
AU  - Zhu, S.
AU  - Li, L.
AU  - Hao, Q.
AU  - Zong, Z.
AU  - Sun, X.
AU  - Li, W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - China is facing the serious situation of 2019-novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection. The health care institutions have actively participated in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of the disease. Proper regulation of in-hospital policy may help control virus spreading. We developed seven key clinical questions about the prevention and control of 2019-novel coronavirus infection in a hospital, and provided recommendations based on the best available evidence and expert experience. We interpret the recommendations for better feasibility in Chinese hospital. We hope to provide evidence and reference for the domestic medical institutions to reasonably adjust the hospital workflow during 2019-nCoV infection period.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 20
IS  - 2
PG  - 125-133
SP  - 125
EP  - 133
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7507/1672-2531.202001121
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2004966979 http://dx.doi.org/10.7507/1672-2531.202001121
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support in 2019 novel coronavirus disease: indications, timing, and implementation
AU  - Li, Min
AU  - Gu, Si-Chao
AU  - Wu, Xiao-Jing
AU  - Xia, Jin-Gen
AU  - Zhang, Yi
AU  - Zhan, Qing-Yuan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Chin Med J (Engl)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000778
SP  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000778
EP  - 
AN  - 32118643
DO  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000778
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32118643
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel coronavirus: how things are in Wuhan
AU  - Khan, S.
AU  - Nabi, G.
AU  - Han, G.
AU  - Siddique, R.
AU  - Lian, S.
AU  - Shi, H.
AU  - Bashir, N.
AU  - Ali, A.
AU  - Shereen, M. A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical Microbiology and Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.cmi.2020.02.005
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005045002 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2020.02.005
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemiological Identification of A Novel Pathogen in Real Time: Analysis of the Atypical Pneumonia Outbreak in Wuhan, China, 2019-2020
AU  - Jung, Sung-Mok
AU  - Kinoshita, Ryo
AU  - Thompson, Robin N.
AU  - Linton, Natalie M.
AU  - Yang, Yichi
AU  - Akhmetzhanov, Andrei R.
AU  - Nishiura, Hiroshi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Virological tests have now shown conclusively that a novel coronavirus is causing the 2019-2020 atypical pneumonia outbreak in Wuhan, China. We demonstrate that non-virological descriptive characteristics could have determined that the outbreak is caused by a novel pathogen in advance of virological testing. Characteristics of the ongoing outbreak were collected in real time from two medical social media sites. These were compared against characteristics of eleven pathogens that have previously caused cases of atypical pneumonia. The probability that the current outbreak is due to "Disease X" (i.e., previously unknown etiology) as opposed to one of the known pathogens was inferred, and this estimate was updated as the outbreak continued. The probability (expressed as a percentage) that Disease X is driving the outbreak was assessed as over 29% on 31 December 2019, one week before virus identification. After some specific pathogens were ruled out by laboratory tests on 5 January 2020, the inferred probability of Disease X was over 49%. We showed quantitatively that the emerging outbreak of atypical pneumonia cases is consistent with causation by a novel pathogen. The proposed approach, which uses only routinely observed non-virological data, can aid ongoing risk assessments in advance of virological test results becoming available.
JO  - J Clin Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 3
PG  - E637
SP  - E637
EP  - 
AN  - 32120913
DO  - 10.3390/jcm9030637
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32120913
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Severe acute respiratory symptoms and suspected sars again 2020
AU  - Hon, K. L.
AU  - Leung, K. K. Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Hong Kong Medical Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 26
IS  - 1
PG  - 78-79
SP  - 78
EP  - 79
AN  - 
DO  - 10.12809/hkmj208375
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2003822562 http://dx.doi.org/10.12809/hkmj208375
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A general approach to compensation for losses incurred due to public health interventions in the infectious disease context
AU  - Holm, Søren
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This paper develops a general approach to how society should compensate for losses that individuals incur due to public health interventions aimed at controlling the spread of infectious diseases. The paper falls in three parts. The first part provides an initial introduction to the issues and briefly outlines five different kinds of public health interventions that will be used as test cases. They are all directed at individuals and aimed at controlling the spread of infectious diseases (1) isolation, (2) quarantine, (3) recommended voluntary social distancing, (4) changes in health care provision for asymptomatic carriers of multi-resistant microorganisms, and (5) vaccination. The interventions will be briefly described including the various risks, burdens and harms individuals who are subject to these interventions may incur. The second part briefly surveys current compensation mechanisms as far as any exist and argue that even where they exist they are clearly insufficient and do not provide adequate compensation. The third part will then develop a general framework for compensation for losses incurred due to public health interventions in the infectious disease context. This is the major analytical and constructive part of the paper. It first analyses pragmatic and ethical arguments supporting the existence of an obligation on the part of the state to compensate for such losses, and then considers whether this obligation can be defeated by (1) resource considerations, or (2) issues relating to personal responsibility.
JO  - Monash Bioethics Review
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s40592-020-00104-2
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s40592-020-00104-2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19, Australia: Epidemiology Report 5: Reporting week ending 19:00 AEDT 29 February 2020. COVID-19 National Incident Room Surveillance Team
AU  - Health, Commonwealth of Australia as represented by the Department of
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This is the fifth epidemiological report for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), reported in Australia as at 19:00 Australian Eastern Daylight Time [AEDT] 29 February 2020. It includes data on COVID19 cases diagnosed in Australia, the international situation and a review of current evidence.
JO  - Commun Dis Intell
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 44
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.33321/cdi.2020.44.20
UR  - https://www1.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/Content/1D03BCB527F40C8BCA258503000302EB/$File/covid_19_au_epi_report_5_reporting_week_ending_1900_aedt_29_feb_2020.pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Understanding SARS-CoV-2-Mediated Inflammatory Responses: From Mechanisms to Potential Therapeutic Tools
AU  - Fu, Yajing
AU  - Cheng, Yuanxiong
AU  - Wu, Yuntao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Currently there is no effective antiviral therapy for SARS-CoV-2 infection, which frequently leads to fatal inflammatory responses and acute lung injury. Here, we discuss the various mechanisms of SARS-CoV-mediated inflammation. We also assume that SARS-CoV-2 likely shares similar inflammatory responses. Potential therapeutic tools to reduce SARS-CoV-2-induced inflammatory responses include various methods to block FcR activation. In the absence of a proven clinical FcR blocker, the use of intravenous immunoglobulin to block FcR activation may be a viable option for the urgent treatment of pulmonary inflammation to prevent severe lung injury. Such treatment may also be combined with systemic anti-inflammatory drugs or corticosteroids. However, these strategies, as proposed here, remain to be clinically tested for effectiveness.
JO  - Virol Sin
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1007/s12250-020-00207-4
SP  - 10.1007/s12250
EP  - 020
AN  - 32125642
DO  - 10.1007/s12250-020-00207-4
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32125642
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: US health department staff sent to meet citizens returning from China weren't protected, claims whistleblower
AU  - Dyer, Owen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m833-m833
SP  - m833
EP  - m833
AN  - 32122875
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m833
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32122875
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Analyzing the Epidemiological Outbreak of COVID-19: A Visual Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) Approach
AU  - Dey, Samrat Kumar
AU  - Rahman, Md Mahbubur
AU  - Siddiqi, Umme Raihan
AU  - Howlader, Arpita
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - There is an obvious concern globally regarding the fact about the emerging coronavirus 2019-nCoV as a worldwide public health threat. As the outbreak of COVID-19 causes by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) progresses within China and beyond, rapidly available epidemiological data are needed to guide strategies for situational awareness and intervention. The recent outbreak of pneumonia in Wuhan, China caused by the SARS-CoV-2 emphasizes the importance of analyzing the epidemiological data of this novel virus and predicting their risks of infecting people all around the globe. In this article, we present an effort to compile and analyze epidemiological outbreak information on COVID-19 based on the several open datasets on Novel Corona Virus 2019 provided by the Johns Hopkins University, World Health Organization (WHO), Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Health Commission (NHC), and DXY. An Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) with visualizations has been made in order to understand the number of different cases reported (confirmed, death, recovered) in different provinces of China and outside of China. Overall, at the outset of an outbreak like this, it is highly important to readily provide information in order to begin the evaluation necessary to understand the risks and begin containment activities. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - J Med Virol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1002/jmv.25743
SP  - 10.1002/jmv.25743
EP  - 
AN  - 32124990
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25743
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32124990
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The pandemic of social media panic travels faster than the COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Depoux, Anneliese
AU  - Martin, Sam
AU  - Karafillakis, Emilie
AU  - Bsd, Raman Preet
AU  - Wilder-Smith, Annelies
AU  - Larson, Heidi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Travel Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - taaa031
SP  - taaa031
EP  - 
AN  - 32125413
DO  - 10.1093/jtm/taaa031
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32125413
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Single-cell RNA sequencing data suggest a role for angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in kidney impairment in patients infected with 2019-nCoV
AU  - Deng, Yi-Yao
AU  - Zheng, Ying
AU  - Cai, Guang-Yan
AU  - Chen, Xiang-Mei
AU  - Hong, Quan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Chin Med J (Engl)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000783
SP  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000783
EP  - 
AN  - 32118645
DO  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000783
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32118645
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recommendations for respiratory rehabilitation of COVID-19 in adult
AU  - Chinese Association of Rehabilitation, Medicine
AU  - Respiratory rehabilitation committee of Chinese Association of Rehabilitation, Medicine
AU  - Cardiopulmonary rehabilitation Group of Chinese Society of Physicai, Medicine
AU  - Rehabilitation
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 is a highly infectious respiratory infection disease, which leads to dysfunction of respiratory, physical, and psychological of the patients. pulmonary rehabilitation is an important intervention for clinical patients as well as cure patients. With the deeper cognition of COVID-19 and accumulation of clinical experience, we proposed the recommendations for pulmonary rehabilitation of COVID-19 in adults based on the opinions of front-line clinical experts involved in the management of this epidemic and a review of the relevant literature and evidences: 1. for the inpatients with COVID-19, pulmonary rehabilitation would relieve the symptoms of dyspnea, anxiety, and depression; eventually improve physical function and the quality of life; 2. For severe/critical inpatients, the early performance of pulmonary rehabilitation is not suggested. 3. For isolating patients, the pulmonary rehabilitation guidence should be conducted through education video, instruction manual or remote consultation. 4. Assessment and monitor should be performed throughout the entire pulmonary rehabilitation process.5. Taking proper grading protection following the guideline. These recommendations can serve as a clinical practice guidence and basis for pulmonary rehabilitation of COVID-19.
JO  - Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 0
PG  - E029-E029
SP  - E029
EP  - E029
AN  - 32125127
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20200228-00206
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32125127
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - From SARS-CoV to 2019-nCoV Outbreak: Similarities in the Early Epidemics and Prediction of Future Trends
AU  - Chen, Ze-Liang
AU  - Zhang, Wen-Jun
AU  - Lu, Yi
AU  - Guo, Cheng
AU  - Guo, Zhong-Min
AU  - Liao, Cong-Hui
AU  - Zhang, Xi
AU  - Zhang, Yi
AU  - Han, Xiao-Hu
AU  - Li, Qian-Lin
AU  - Lu, Jia-Hai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Chin Med J (Engl)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000776
SP  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000776
EP  - 
AN  - 32118641
DO  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000776
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32118641
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Distribution of the COVID-19 epidemic and correlation with population emigration from wuhan, China
AU  - Chen, Ze-Liang
AU  - Zhang, Qi
AU  - Lu, Yi
AU  - Guo, Zhong-Min
AU  - Zhang, Xi
AU  - Zhang, Wen-Jun
AU  - Guo, Cheng
AU  - Liao, Cong-Hui
AU  - Li, Qian-Lin
AU  - Han, Xiao-Hu
AU  - Lu, Jia-Hai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: The ongoing new coronavirus pneumonia (Corona Virus Disease 2019, COVID-19) outbreak is spreading in China, but it has not yet reached its peak. Five million people emigrated from Wuhan before lockdown, potentially representing a source of virus infection. Determining case distribution and its correlation with population emigration from Wuhan in the early stage of the epidemic is of great importance for early warning and for the prevention of future outbreaks. METHODS: The official case report on the COVID-19 epidemic was collected as of January 30, 2020. Time and location information on COVID-19 cases was extracted and analyzed using ArcGIS and WinBUGS software. Data on population migration from Wuhan city and Hubei province were extracted from Baidu Qianxi, and their correlation with the number of cases was analyzed. RESULTS: The COVID-19 confirmed and death cases in Hubei province accounted for 59.91% (5806/9692) and 95.77% (204/213) of the total cases in China respectively. Hot spot provinces included Sichuan and Yunnan, which are adjacent to Hubei. The time risk of Hubei province on the following day was 1.960 times that on the previous day. The number of cases in some cities was relatively low, but the time risk appeared to be continuously rising. The correlation coefficient between the provincial number of cases and emigration from Wuhan was up to 0.943. The lockdown of 17 cities in Hubei province and the implementation of nationwide control measures efficiently prevented an exponential growth in the number of cases. CONCLUSIONS: The population that emigrated from Wuhan was the main infection source in other cities and provinces. Some cities with a low number of cases showed a rapid increase in case load. Owing to the upcoming Spring Festival return wave, understanding the risk trends in different regions is crucial to ensure preparedness at both the individual and organization levels and to prevent new outbreaks.
JO  - Chin Med J (Engl)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000782
SP  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000782
EP  - 
AN  - 32118644
DO  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000782
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32118644
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical features and short-term outcomes of 18 patients with corona virus disease 2019 in intensive care unit
AU  - Cao, Jianlei
AU  - Hu, Xiaoyong
AU  - Cheng, Wenlin
AU  - Yu, Lei
AU  - Tu, Wen-Jun
AU  - Liu, Qiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Intensive Care Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00134-020-05987-7
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-020-05987-7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19. The only certainty is the uncertainty
AU  - Briem, Haraldur
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Laeknabladid
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 106
IS  - 3
PG  - 119-119
SP  - 119
EP  - 119
AN  - 32124733
DO  - 10.17992/lbl.2020.03.469
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32124733
NS  - 
N1  - Qingxia Zhong (2020-03-04 22:55:19)(Screen): DOI problem; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel Coronavirus and Hospital Infection Prevention: Preparing for the Impromptu Speech
AU  - Bearman, Gonzalo
AU  - Pryor, Rachel
AU  - Albert, Heather
AU  - Brath, Lisa
AU  - Britton, Amy
AU  - Cooper, Kaila
AU  - Doll, Michelle
AU  - Godbout, Emily J.
AU  - Hemphill, Robin
AU  - Stevens, Michael P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-7
SP  - 1
EP  - 7
AN  - 32122422
DO  - 10.1017/ice.2020.55
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32122422
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: a novel coronavirus and a novel challenge for critical care
AU  - Arabi, Yaseen M.
AU  - Murthy, Srinivas
AU  - Webb, Steve
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Intensive Care Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1007/s00134-020-05955-1
SP  - 10.1007/s00134
EP  - 020
AN  - 32125458
DO  - 10.1007/s00134-020-05955-1
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32125458
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Outbreak of Novel Coronavirus (SARS-Cov-2): First Evidences From International Scientific Literature and Pending Questions
AU  - Amodio, Emanuele
AU  - Vitale, Francesco
AU  - Cimino, Livia
AU  - Casuccio, Alessandra
AU  - Tramuto, Fabio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - On 31 December, 2019, a cluster of 27 pneumonia cases of unknown etiology was reported by Chinese health authorities in Wuhan City (China) [...].
JO  - Healthcare (Basel)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 8
IS  - 1
PG  - E51
SP  - E51
EP  - 
AN  - 32120965
DO  - 10.3390/healthcare8010051
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32120965
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Optimization Method for Forecasting Confirmed Cases of COVID-19 in China Prevention Is Better Than the Cure: Risk Management of COVID-19 Synthesis and Bioactivity Assessment of Novel Spiro Pyrazole-Oxindole Congeners Exhibiting Potent and Selective in vitro Anticancer Effects
AU  - Al-qaness, A. A. Mohammed
AU  - Ewees , A. Ahmed
AU  - Fan, Hong
AU  - Abd El Aziz , Mohamed
AU  - McAleer, Michael
AU  - Abo-Salem, M. Heba
AU  - Nassrallah, Amr
AU  - Soliman, A. F. Ahmed
AU  - Ebied, S. Manal
AU  - Elawady, E. Mohamed
AU  - Abdelhamid, A. Sayeda
AU  - El-Sawy, R. Eslam
AU  - Al-Sheikh, A. Yazeed
AU  - Aboul-Soud, A. M. Mourad
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, a novel coronavirus, called COVID-19, was discovered in Wuhan, China, and has spread to different cities in China as well as to 24 other countries. The number of confirmed cases is increasing daily and reached 34,598 on 8 February 2020. In the current study, we present a new forecasting model to estimate and forecast the number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 in the upcoming ten days based on the previously confirmed cases recorded in China. The proposed model is an improved adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) using an enhanced flower pollination algorithm (FPA) by using the salp swarm algorithm (SSA). In general, SSA is employed to improve FPA to avoid its drawbacks (i.e., getting trapped at the local optima). The main idea of the proposed model, called FPASSA-ANFIS, is to improve the performance of ANFIS by determining the parameters of ANFIS using FPASSA. The FPASSA-ANFIS model is evaluated using the World Health Organization (WHO) official data of the outbreak of the COVID-19 to forecast the confirmed cases of the upcoming ten days. More so, the FPASSA-ANFIS model is compared to several existing models, and it showed better performance in terms of Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE), Root Mean Squared Relative Error (RMSRE), Root Mean Squared Relative Error (RMSRE), coefficient of determination ( R 2 ), and computing time. Furthermore, we tested the proposed model using two different datasets of weekly influenza confirmed cases in two countries, namely the USA and China. The outcomes also showed good performances. A novel coronavirus was reported to the World Health Organization (WHO) in China on 31 December 2019. The WHO named the disease COVID-19 on 11 February 2020. As of 26 February 2020, the disease has been detected on all continents, except for Antarctica. Daily updates on COVID-19 since early February 2020 have made headline news worldwide for much of 2020. This editorial evaluates risk management based on the Global Health Security (GHS) Index of global health security capabilities in 195 countries. The GHS Index lists the countries best prepared for an epidemic or pandemic. COVID-19 is compared with two related coronavirus epidemics, SARS and MERS, in terms of the number of reported human infections, deaths, countries, major country clusters, timelines, and the likelihood of discovering a safe, effective, and approved vaccine. The present work aims to design and synthesize novel series of spiro pyrazole-3,3&rsquo;-oxindoles analogues and investigate their bioactivity as antioxidant and antimicrobial agents, as well as antiproliferative potency against selected human cancerous cell lines (i.e., breast, MCF-7; colon, HCT-116 and liver, HepG-2) relative to healthy noncancerous control skin fibroblast cells (BJ-1). The mechanism of their cytotoxic activity has been also examined by immunoassaying the levels of key anti- and proapoptotic protein markers. The analytical and spectral data of the all synthesized target congeners were compatible with their structures. Synthesized compounds showed diverse moderate to powerful antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Results of MTT assay revealed that seven synthesized compounds (i.e., 11a, 11b, 12a, 12b, 13b, 13c and 13h) particularly exhibited significant cytotoxicity against the three cancerous cell lines under investigation. Ranges of IC50 values obtained were 5.7&ndash;21.3 and 5.8&ndash;37.4 &micro;g/mL against HCT-116 and MCF-7, respectively; which is 3.8 and 6.5-fold (based on the least IC50 values) more significant relative to the reference chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin. In HepG-2 cells, the analogue 13h the highest cytotoxicity with IC50 value of 19.2&micro;g/mL relative to doxorubicin (IC50 = 21.6&micro;g/mL). The observed cytotoxicity was specific to cancerous cells, as evidenced by the minimal toxicity in the noncancerous control skin-fibroblast cells. ELISA results indicated that the observed antiproliferative effect against examined cancer cell lines is mediated via engaging the activation of apoptosis as illustrated by the significant increase in proapoptotic protein markers (p53, bax and caspase-3) and reduction in the antiapoptotic marker bcl-2. Taken together, results of the present study emphasize the potential of spiro pyrazole-oxindole analogues as valuable candidate anticancer agents against human cancer cells.
JO  - Journal of Clinical Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 3
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/jcm9030674 10.3390/jrfm13030046 10.3390/molecules25051124ER -
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Priorities for the US Health Community Responding to COVID-19
AU  - Adalja, Amesh A.
AU  - Toner, Eric
AU  - Inglesby, Thomas V.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1001/jama.2020.3413
SP  - 10.1001/jama.2020.3413
EP  - 
AN  - 32125355
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.3413
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32125355
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Editorial 58(1)
AU  - Abernethy, Katharine
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As I write, the world is gripped by news of a novel coronavirus sweeping across the planet. The epidemic is causing terrible anguish to many thousands of families and astounding economic damage in Asia. Whilst yet unconfirmed, several research results now point at the hunting, trade and consumption of pangolins as a likely source of the epidemic. Whether or not pangolins do finally prove to be at the origin of this particular virus, the research highlights that the possibility is very real. This may turn out to be a turning point for pangolin conservation, perhaps for the conservation of a great many other species. In 2015, the IUCN Species Survival Commission Pangolin Specialist Group reported concerns that the profound decline in Asian pangolins would lead to traffickers procuring supplies from Africa. The next five years saw their predictions largely fulfilled. Robust results from a range of research approaches showed first an increase in trade and value of pangolins within the West and central Africa and, more recently, growing international trafficking, with China and Vietnam as major destinations. In 2016, the CITES 17th Conference of Parties moved all African pangolin species onto Appendix 1. Not a single research paper published on pangolins in the past 5 years has suggested anything other than desperate jeopardy for all eight of the world’s species. All available researches point to increasing harvesting, with the rise ultimately driven by trade for profit. The plight of over‐hunted pangolins has become a rallying call for conservation over the past few years. New NGO and government funding initiatives have arisen, dedicated to research for their conservation. The dramatically steep decline of the Asian species has been written about in both Science and Nature, the most widely read scientific journals of the day, in the last few years. The pangolin, alongside the elephant, is a poster species for action against the illegal wildlife trade. However, the research community’s awareness of the impending doom has not in the least stemmed the trade. This issue contains a Short Communication reporting for the first time trade in pangolins in yet another country, South Sudan. I am unsure of what the public response to the possibility that pangolins can transmit deadly viruses will be. I hope it is to leave them alone, rather than to try to eradicate them. This Journal remains committed to improving knowledge of the African ecosystems and increasingly to reporting research that shows how they are changing in the face of our actions. This issue, as each issue, makes a new and relevant contribution to that objective.
JO  - African Journal of Ecology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 58
IS  - 1
PG  - 1-1
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/aje.12732
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/aje.12732
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Physikalischer Schutz vor respiratorischen Viren
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Durch die Bildung eines Films auf den Zellen der Nasenschleimhaut kann ein Spray dabei helfen, sich vor Erkältungsviren zu schützen. Der aus Rotalgen gewonnene Wirkstoff Carragelose bildet eine physikalische Barriere auf der Nasenschleimhaut, in der sich respiratorische Viren - darunter auch humane Coronaviren - verfangen. So wird der Kontakt zwischen ihnen und menschlichen Zellen weitestgehend unterbunden und der weitere Infektionsweg deutlich erschwert. In klinischen Studien an Patienten mit viral bedingten grippalen Infekten konnte gezeigt werden, dass Carragelose-haltige Sprays zur Anwendung in der Nase (wie algovir Effekt) die Viruslast nach drei bis vier Behandlungstagen um mehr als 90% reduzieren können. Getestet wurde die Wirksamkeit des Wirkstoffs unter anderem an verschiedenen Typen humaner Coronaviren - jedoch nicht an dem Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Daher können derzeit keine endgültigen Rückschlüsse zur Aktivität und Effektivität des Wirkstoffs gegen 2SARS-CoV-2 gezogen werden. Allerdings haben Carragelose-Erkältungssprays ein ausgezeichnetes Sicherheitsprofil, weshalb sie durchaus ergänzend zu den gängigen Maßnahmen zum Schutz vor respiratorischen Viren wie Händedesinfektion und Mundschutz angewendet und den Apothekenkunden empfohlen werden können. AU - API, Redaktion
JO  - CME
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 17
IS  - 3
PG  - 55-55
SP  - 55
EP  - 55
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11298-020-7917-9
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11298-020-7917-9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Apart verplegen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Isolatieverpleging is voor verpleegkundigen geen onbekend terrein. Maar hoe zat het ook alweer met neusmondmaskers en sluizen? En: welke isolatieregels gelden voor een mogelijke patiënt met het coronavirus? Het belang van correcte isolatieverpleging is de afgelopen decennia alleen maar toegenomen. In de afgelopen 40 jaar zijn er flink wat nieuwe virussen bijgekomen zoals SARS, ebola, hepatitis C, en West Nile) en bacteriën (vancomycineresistente enterokokken (VRE) en meticillineresistente Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Ook zijn er steeds meer BRMO’s (bijzonder resistente micro-organismen). Waren bepaalde micro-organismen vroeger maar resistent tegen één type antibiotica, nu zijn ze vaker resistent tegen meerdere groepen antibiotica. ‘Dat heeft tot gevolg dat er meer subtypes isolatie zijn en dat we vaker speciale maatregelen moeten nemen’, vertelt Tessa Lauret, Infectiedeskundige in het Amsterdam UMC. ‘Is de kans op besmetting heel groot, of is er bijvoorbeeld nog maar 1 antibioticum dat werkt bij een infectie, dan kan de impact heel groot zijn. Dan kunnen we bijvoorbeeld besluiten dat de deur van de patiëntenkamer altijd dicht moet zijn. Of dat er naast een schoonmaak ook een (dubbele) desinfectie plaats moet vinden voordat de kamer vrijgegeven kan worden.’AU - Starremans, Sigrid Isolatieverpleging is voor verpleegkundigen geen onbekend terrein. Maar hoe zat het ook alweer met neusmondmaskers en sluizen? En: welke isolatieregels gelden voor een mogelijke patiënt met het coronavirus?
JO  - Nursing
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 26
IS  - 3
PG  - 18-23
SP  - 18
EP  - 23
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s41193-020-0037-9
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s41193-020-0037-9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Voice from China: nomenclature of the novel coronavirus and related diseases
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Chin Med J (Engl)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000787
SP  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000787
EP  - 
AN  - 32118646
DO  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000787
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32118646
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical and CT imaging features of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19)
AU  - Zhu, Ying
AU  - Liu, Yang-Li
AU  - Li, Zi-Ping
AU  - Kuang, Jian-Yi
AU  - Li, Xiang-Min
AU  - Yang, You-You
AU  - Feng, Shi-Ting
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - Tang JW, et al. and colleagues have written to this Journal describing the emergence of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19).1 We have had an opportunity to examine in detail the chest computed tomography (CT) findings in cases with microbiologically confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, to familiarize radiologists and clinicians with the imaging manifestations of this new outbreak. Meanwhile, we also studied the clinical characteristics of the cases, combined with CT manifestations, to provide more clues for the correct diagnosis of the disease. Six female patients (P1-P6) aged from 27 to 63 years were referred to the fever clinic of our hospital. None of the patients had underlying diseases such as diabetes, malignant tumour or respiratory disease. Among the 6 cases, 5 (P1-P5) had a history of exposure to Wuhan or Hubei, and P6 had no clear epidemiological history. All the patients performed oropharyngeal swabs test and confirmed as COVID-19. Common respiratory viruses, mycoplasma and chlamydia were negative. For patients’ venous blood tests at disease onset, as given in (Table 1), we found that leucocytes, lymphocytes and percentage were slightly decreased or normal, eosinophil count and percentage were slightly decreased in 4 cases and normal in 2 cases. Additionally, 4 days later, P1 reperformed the follow-up hematologic examination. Compared with the blood test at disease onset, the results showed that the eosinophil count was still below the normal range, which was even lower than the first time.
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.02.022
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.02.022
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Insights into the cross-species evolution of 2019 novel coronavirus
AU  - Zhang, Jiahao
AU  - Jia, Weixin
AU  - Zhu, Junhai
AU  - Li, Bo
AU  - Xing, Jinchao
AU  - Liao, Ming
AU  - Qi, Wenbao
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - Recent study reported in this journal that the threats of continuous evolution and dissemination of 2019 human coronaviruses.1 Since its emergence in December 2019, a “seventh” member of the family of 2019 human coronavirus named “SARS-CoV-2” was responsible for an outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China.2 As of February 23, 2020, China had reported more than 77,042 confirmed cases of SARS-CoV-2, with 2,445 fatalities and counting (http://www.nhc.gov.cn). Strikingly, SARS-CoV-2 had been transmitted rapidly in more than 29 countries to date (https://www.who.int), including Asia, Europe, North America, Africa, and Oceania, posing serious concerns about its pandemic potential. Despite of droplet and contact transmissions of SARS-CoV-2, recent studies demonstrated that SARS-CoV-2 might be transmitted via aerosol and fecal–oral routes 3 (Figure 1), which needs to be paid attention in particular.
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.02.025
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.02.025
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Corona Virus Disease 2019, a growing threat to children?
AU  - Yang, Pu
AU  - Liu, Pin
AU  - Li, Dan
AU  - Zhao, Dongchi
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.02.024
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.02.024
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Risk of COVID-19 for cancer patients
AU  - Xia, Yang
AU  - Jin, Rui
AU  - Zhao, Jing
AU  - Li, Wen
AU  - Shen, Huahao
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - We read the excellent Comment by Wenhua Liang and colleagues1 in The Lancet Oncology with great interest. Of 1590 cases with confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), 18 patients had a history of cancer. The authors concluded that patients with cancer had a higher risk of COVID-19 and with a poorer prognosis than those without cancer. First, the data in the Comment by Liang and colleagues1 showed a higher percentage of patients with cancer in the COVID-19 cohort than in the overall population. However, this observation is not sufficient to conclude that patients with cancer had a higher risk of COVID-19. The incidence of COVID-19 in patients with cancer would be more informative in assessing whether or not patients with cancer have an increased risk of COVID-19. Second, we reviewed the cancer history of the 18 individuals discussed in Liang and colleagues' Comment.1 We are concerned that such a small sample size with a large amount of heterogeneity, presenting as various cancer types with different biological behaviours, highly variable disease courses (from 0–16 years), and diverse treatment strategies, might be filled with contingency and thus not ideally representative of the whole population with cancer. Notably, half of the patients with cancer had a disease course of more than 4 years, indicating that a substantial proportion of these patients might be clinically cured.
JO  - The Lancet Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30150-9
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30150-9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Risk of COVID-19 for patients with cancer
AU  - Wang, Hanping
AU  - Zhang, Li
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - The authors concluded by use of epidemiological statistics that because the proportion of patients with cancer histories was higher in a cohort with COVID-19 than in the population in China, patients with cancer were more likely to develop COVID-19. They found 18 COVID-19 patients with cancer histories among 1590 COVID-19 patients from 575 hospitals in 31 provincial regions. Of these 16 patients (two of the 18 patients had unknown treatment status), only four had undergone surgery or chemotherapy within the previous month; 12 had recovered from initial cancer treatments (eg, surgery or chemotherapy) and had no obvious immunosuppression. We therefore do not think the COVID-19 infections in the 12 survivors of previous cancers were associated with their cancers. COVID-19 is a highly contagious infection to which everyone, to our knowledge, is susceptible; the most important morbidity factor is exposure to an infection source.2 Furthermore, although the authors indicate that patients with cancer had worse outcomes from COVID-19, they also reported the median age of these patients (63·1 years) to be significantly higher than for those without cancer (48·7 years), suggesting that older age is associated with worse COVID-19 outcomes
JO  - The Lancet Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30149-2
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30149-2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mass masking in the COVID-19 epidemic: people need guidance
AU  - Leung, Chi Chiu
AU  - Lam, Tai Hing
AU  - Cheng, Kar Keung
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - WHO recommends against wearing masks in community settings because of lack of evidence.2 However, absence of evidence of effectiveness should not be equated to evidence of ineffectiveness, especially when facing a novel situation with limited alternative options. It has long been recommended that for respiratory infections like influenza, affected patients should wear masks to limit droplet spread. If everyone puts on a mask in public places, it would help to remove stigmatisation that has hitherto discouraged masking of symptomatic patients in many places.3 Furthermore, transmission from asymptomatic infected individuals has been documented for COVID-19, and viral load is particularly high at early disease stage.4 , 5 Masking, as a public health intervention, would probably intercept the transmission link and prevent these apparently healthy infectious sources.
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30520-1
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30520-1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Guidelines for pregnant women with suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection
AU  - Favre, Guillaume
AU  - Pomar, Léo
AU  - Qi, Xiaolong
AU  - Nielsen-Saines, Karin
AU  - Musso, Didier
AU  - Baud, David
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - Coronaviruses responsible for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) can cause severe adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as miscarriage, premature delivery, intrauterine growth restriction, and maternal death.1 , 2 Vertical transmission of the virus responsible for 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has not yet been detected, whereas perinatal transmission has been suspected in one case.3 Consequences of infection with SARS-CoV-2 for pregnancies are uncertain, with no evidence so far of severe outcomes for mothers and infants; however, the possibility should be considered.4 The recent experience with Zika virus suggests that when a new pathogen emerges, the health-care community should be prepared for the worst-case scenario.5 Therefore, recommendations for management of pregnant women at risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection are urgently needed. To this end, we propose a detailed management algorithm for health-care providers (appendix).
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30157-2
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30157-2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) neutralising antibodies in a high-risk human population, Morocco, November 2017 to January 2018
AU  - Abbad, Anass
AU  - Perera, Ranawaka APM
AU  - Anga, Latifa
AU  - Faouzi, Abdellah
AU  - Minh, Nhu Nguyen Tran
AU  - Malik, Sk Md Mamunur Rahman
AU  - Iounes, Nadia
AU  - Maaroufi, Abderrahmane
AU  - Kerkhove, Maria D Van
AU  - Peiris, Malik
AU  - Nourlil, Jalal
PY  - 2019
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Eurosurveillance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1900244
SP  - 1900244
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2019.24.48.1900244
UR  - https://eurosurveillance.org/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2019.24.48.1900244
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Novel Coronavirus Outbreak from Wuhan City in China, Rapid Need for Emergency Departments Preparedness and Response; a Letter to Editor
AU  - Alavi-Moghaddam, Mostafa
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Archives of Academic Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 8
IS  - 1
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - WOS:000510468200001
DO  - 
UR  - <Go to ISI>://WOS:000510468200001
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in 2 Persons with Mild Upper Respiratory Symptoms on a Cruise Ship, Japan
AU  - Arashiro, Takeshi
AU  - Furukawa, Keiichi
AU  - Nakamura, Akira
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We describe 2 cases of COVID-19 in patients with mild upper respiratory symptoms. Both patients worked on a cruise ship quarantined off the coast of Japan. One patient had persistent, low-grade upper respiratory tract symptoms without fever. The other patient had rapid symptom cessation but persistent viral RNA detection.
JO  - Emerging infectious diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 26
IS  - 6
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - MEDLINE:32118533
DO  - 10.3201/eid2606.200452
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32118533
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Insights into the Recent 2019 Novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) in Light of Past Human Coronavirus Outbreaks
AU  - Ashour, M. Hossam
AU  - Elkhatib, F. Walid
AU  - Rahman, M. Md
AU  - Elshabrawy, A. Hatem
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronaviruses (CoVs) are RNA viruses that have become a major public health concern since the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-CoV (SARS-CoV) outbreak in 2002. The continuous evolution of coronaviruses was further highlighted with the emergence of the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome-CoV (MERS-CoV) outbreak in 2012. Currently, the world is concerned about the 2019 novel CoV (SARS-CoV-2) that was initially identified in the city of Wuhan, China in December 2019. Patients presented with severe viral pneumonia and respiratory illness. The number of cases has been mounting since then. As of late February 2020, tens of thousands of cases and several thousand deaths have been reported in China alone, in addition to thousands of cases in other countries. Although the fatality rate of SARS-CoV-2 is currently lower than SARS-CoV, the virus seems to be highly contagious based on the number of infected cases to date. In this review, we discuss structure, genome organization, entry of CoVs into target cells, and provide insights into past and present outbreaks. The future of human CoV outbreaks will not only depend on how the viruses will evolve, but will also depend on how we develop efficient prevention and treatment strategies to deal with this continuous threat.
JO  - Pathogens
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 3
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/pathogens9030186ER -
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Lymphopenic community acquired pneumonia as signature of severe COVID-19 infection: Lymphopenia in severe COVID-19 infection
AU  - Bermejo-Martin, Jesús F.
AU  - Almansa, Raquel
AU  - Menéndez, Rosario
AU  - Mendez, Raúl
AU  - Kelvin, David J.
AU  - Torres, Antoni
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - In two recent articles from Huang C et al and Yang X in The Lancet,2,3 85% of critically ill patients with COVID-19 showed lymphopenia. The presence of lymphopenia as a signature of severe COVID-19 was confirmed by Wang D et al, who, in their study published in JAMA, reported that ICU patients suffering this infection had a median lymphocyte count of 800 cells/mm,3 with non survivors exhibiting persistent lymphopenia.4 ICU patients present also with high levels of plasma cytokines.2 The existence of hyper-cytokinemia in COVID-19 patients with lymphopenia could indicate a poor control of the pathogen, as showed in severe patients infected with the 2009 Pandemic Influenza virus. Interestingly, hypercytokinemia and lymphopenia were also evident in critical patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome due to the Coronavirus emerged in 2003 (SARS-CoV).5,6 These features (lymphopenia + hypercytokinemia) fit the characteristics of a particular immunological phenotype of community acquired pneumonia (CAP), lymphopenic CAP (L-CAP), which, as we recently demonstrated in an article published in the Journal of Infection, is associated with increased severity, mortality and a dysregulated immunological response.7 In their works, Yang X et al and Chen N et al propose a direct cytotoxic action of the virus to explain the low lymphocyte counts observed in the severe cases of COVID-19.3,8 But, in our opinion, host factors could also contribute to induce lymphopenia in these cases. Compared with those patients not requiring intensive care, COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU are older and are more likely to have hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease.4 Aging and chronic diseases induce chronic endothelial dysfunction. As we recently reviewed in J Clin Med, endothelial dysfunction induces disassembly of intercellular junctions, endothelial cell death and blood-tissue barrier disruption, along with enhanced leukocyte adhesion and extravasation, which could contribute to explain the lymphopenia observed in severe COVID-19 patients.9 Recent findings from our group have evidenced the interconnection between lymphopenia and endothelial dysfunction in patients with CAP and organ failure.10 Endothelial dysfunction induces also increased oxidative stress and systemic inflammation, glycocalyx degradation and shedding along with a pro-coagulant and anti-fibrinolytic state.9 In aged individuals with chronic diseases, these features could represent predisposing factors for presenting a severe respiratory failure following COVID-19 infection.
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.02.029
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.02.029
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - WHAT SCIENTISTS WANT TO KNOW ABOUT THE CORONAVIRUS OUTBREAK
AU  - Callaway, Ewen
AU  - Cyranoski, David
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 577
IS  - 7792
PG  - 605-607
SP  - 605
EP  - 607
AN  - WOS:000510520700025
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00166-6
UR  - <Go to ISI>://WOS:000510520700025
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Improved molecular diagnosis of COVID-19 by the novel, highly sensitive and specific COVID-19-RdRp/Hel real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assay validated <em>in vitro</em> and with clinical specimens
AU  - Chan, Jasper Fuk-Woo
AU  - Yip, Cyril Chik-Yan
AU  - To, Kelvin Kai-Wang
AU  - Tang, Tommy Hing-Cheung
AU  - Wong, Sally Cheuk-Ying
AU  - Leung, Kit-Hang
AU  - Fung, Agnes Yim-Fong
AU  - Ng, Anthony Chin-Ki
AU  - Zou, Zijiao
AU  - Tsoi, Hoi-Wah
AU  - Choi, Garnet Kwan-Yue
AU  - Tam, Anthony Raymond
AU  - Cheng, Vincent Chi-Chung
AU  - Chan, Kwok-Hung
AU  - Tsang, Owen Tak-Yin
AU  - Yuen, Kwok-Yung
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - On 31st December 2019, the World Health Organization was informed of a cluster of cases of pneumonia of unknown etiology in Wuhan, China. Subsequent investigations identified a novel coronavirus, now named as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), from the affected patients. Highly sensitive and specific laboratory diagnostics are important for controlling the rapidly evolving SARS-CoV-2-associated Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic. In this study, we developed and compared the performance of three novel real-time RT-PCR assays targeting the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp)/helicase (Hel), spike (S), and nucleocapsid (N) genes of SARS-CoV-2 with that of the reported RdRp-P2 assay which is used in &gt;30 European laboratories. Among the three novel assays, the COVID-19-RdRp/Hel assay had the lowest limit of detection in vitro (1.8 TCID50/ml with genomic RNA and 11.2 RNA copies/reaction with in vitro RNA transcripts). Among 273 specimens from 15 patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 in Hong Kong, 77 (28.2%) were positive by both the COVID-19-RdRp/Hel and RdRp-P2 assays. The COVID-19-RdRp/Hel assay was positive for an additional 42 RdRd-P2-negative specimens [119/273 (43.6%) vs 77/273 (28.2%), P&lt;0.001], including 29/120 (24.2%) respiratory tract specimens and 13/153 (8.5%) non-respiratory tract specimens. The mean viral load of these specimens was 3.21×104 RNA copies/ml (range, 2.21×102 to 4.71×105 RNA copies/ml). The COVID-19-RdRp/Hel assay did not cross-react with other human-pathogenic coronaviruses and respiratory pathogens in cell culture and clinical specimens, whereas the RdRp-P2 assay cross-reacted with SARS-CoV in cell culture. The highly sensitive and specific COVID-19-RdRp/Hel assay may help to improve the laboratory diagnosis of COVID-19.
JO  - Journal of Clinical Microbiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - JCM.00310-20
SP  - JCM.00310
EP  - 20
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1128/jcm.00310-20
UR  - https://jcm.asm.org/content/jcm/early/2020/02/28/JCM.00310-20.full.pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - First case of severe childhood novel coronavirus pneumonia in China
AU  - Chen, F.
AU  - Liu, Z. S.
AU  - Zhang, F. R.
AU  - Xiong, R. H.
AU  - Chen, Y.
AU  - Cheng, X. F.
AU  - Wang, W. Y.
AU  - Ren, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 1例主诉为"间断腹泻、呕吐6 d，发热伴呼吸急促半天"的患儿就诊于武汉儿童医院重症医学科，诊断为儿童危重型新型冠状病毒肺炎（NCP）。以"新型冠状病毒肺炎""儿童""危重型" 为关键词检索截至2020年2月8日中国知网、维普网、万方等相关数据库，未见报道。本例为中国首例危重型NCP患儿，以消化道症状起病，早期呼吸道症状 不明显，快速进展为急性呼吸窘迫综合征、脓毒症休克并伴有急性肾衰竭。患儿早期连续2次咽拭子2019新型冠状病毒（2019-nCoV）核酸检测阴性。 对于重症疑似病例，建议采集下呼吸道样本或重复采集上呼吸道样本进行检测。体外连续血液净化技术可尽早应用到危重型NCP患儿的救治中。
JO  - Zhonghua er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of pediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 58
IS  - 0
PG  - E005-E005
SP  - E005
EP  - E005
AN  - MEDLINE:32045966
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1310.2020.0005
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32045966
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - ‘We had to act.’ How coronavirus fears forced physics society to nix giant meeting
AU  - Cho, Adrian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Harold Dorwin/Center for Astrophysics/Harvard & Smithsonian The March Meeting of the American Physical Society (APS) wasn’t the first event canceled for fear of the coronavirus, but it was nixed in dramatic fashion.
JO  - Sccience
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb5683
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/03/we-had-act-how-coronavirus-fears-forced-physics-society-nix-giant-meeting
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Public health might be endangered by possible prolonged discharge of SARS-CoV-2 in stool
AU  - He, Yu
AU  - Wang, Zhengli
AU  - Li, Fang
AU  - Shi, Yuan
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - The published data, which showed the COVID-19 patients with low digestive?manifestation, might be misleading. Case with negative URT test showed positive in?rectal scarab which challenge the isolation protocol.?As fomite transmission caused clusters of infection of SARS, adequate disinfection?operations should be adopted in SARS-CoV-2 outbreak.
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.02.031
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.02.031
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: what is next for public health?
AU  - Heymann, David L.
AU  - Shindo, Nahoko
AU  - Bedford, Juliet
AU  - Enria, Delia
AU  - Giesecke, Johan
AU  - Heymann, David
AU  - Ihekweazu, Chikwe
AU  - Kobinger, Gary
AU  - Lane, Clifford
AU  - Memish, Ziad
AU  - Myoung-don, Oh
AU  - Sall, Amadou Alpha
AU  - Ungchusak, Kum
AU  - Wieler, Lothar
AU  - Infect, W. H. O. Sci Tech Advisory Grp
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10224
PG  - 542-545
SP  - 542
EP  - 545
AN  - WOS:000514849400011
DO  - 10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30374-3
UR  - <Go to ISI>://WOS:000514849400011
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China (vol 395, pg 497, 2020)
AU  - Huang, C.
AU  - Wang, Y.
AU  - Li, X.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10223
PG  - 496-496
SP  - 496
EP  - 496
AN  - WOS:000514576900031
DO  - 10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30252-x
UR  - <Go to ISI>://WOS:000514576900031
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A systematic risk-based strategy to select personal protective equipment for infectious diseases
AU  - Jones, Rachael M.
AU  - Bleasdale, Susan C.
AU  - Maita, Dayana
AU  - Brosseau, Lisa M.
AU  - Program, C. D. C. Prevention Epictr
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background: Personal protective equipment (PPE) is a primary strategy to protect health care personnel (HCP) from infectious diseases. When transmission-based PPE ensembles are not appropriate, HCP must recognize the transmission pathway of the disease and anticipate the exposures to select PPE. Because guidance for this process is extremely limited, we proposed a systematic, risk-based approach to the selection and evaluation of PPE ensembles to protect HCP against infectious diseases. Methods: The approach used in this study included the following 4 steps: (1) job hazard analysis, (2) infectious disease hazard analysis, (3) selection of PPE, and (4) evaluation of selected PPE. Selected PPE should protect HCP from exposure, be usable by HCP, and fit for purpose. Results: The approach was demonstrated for the activity of intubation of a patient with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus or Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus. As expected, the approach led to the selection of different ensembles of PPE for these 2 pathogens. Discussion: A systematic risk-based approach to the selection of PPE will help health care facilities and HCP select PPE when transmission-based precautions are not appropriate. Owing to the complexity of PPE ensemble selection and evaluation, a team with expertise in infectious diseases, occupational health, the health care activity, and related disciplines, such as human factors, should be engaged. Conclusions: Participation, documentation, and transparency are necessary to ensure the decisions can be communicated, critiqued, and understood by HCP. (C) 2019 Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
JO  - American Journal of Infection Control
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 48
IS  - 1
PG  - 46-51
SP  - 46
EP  - 51
AN  - WOS:000507481900009
DO  - 10.1016/j.ajic.2019.06.023
UR  - <Go to ISI>://WOS:000507481900009
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The First Case of 2019 Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Imported into Korea from Wuhan, China: Implication for Infection Prevention and Control Measures
AU  - Kim, Jin Yong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, a viral pneumonia outbreak caused by a novel betacoronavirus, the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), began in Wuhan, China. We report the epidemiological and clinical features of the first patient with 2019-nCoV pneumonia imported into Korea from Wuhan. This report suggests that in the early phase of 2019-nCoV pneumonia, chest radiography would miss patients with pneumonia and highlights taking travel history is of paramount importance for early detection and isolation of 2019-nCoV cases.
JO  - Journal of Korean Medical Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 35
IS  - 5
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - KJD:ART002556839
DO  - 
UR  - <Go to ISI>://KJD:ART002556839
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Viral Load Kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in First Two Patients in Korea
AU  - Kim, Jin Yong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As of February 2020, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak started in China in December 2019 has been spreading in many countries in the world.With the numbers of confirmed cases are increasing, information on the epidemiologic investigation and clinical manifestation have been accumulated. However, data on viral load kinetics in confirmed cases are lacking. Here, we present the viral load kinetics of the first two confirmed patients with mild to moderate illnesses in Korea in whom distinct viral load kinetics are shown. This report suggests that viral load kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 may be different from that of previously reported other coronavirus infections such as SARS-CoV.
JO  - Journal of Korean Medical Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 35
IS  - 7
PG  - 1-7
SP  - 1
EP  - 7
AN  - KJD:ART002558175
DO  - 
UR  - <Go to ISI>://KJD:ART002558175
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus (COVID-19) Outbreak: What the Department of Radiology Should Know
AU  - Kooraki, Soheil
AU  - Hosseiny, Melina
AU  - Myers, Lee
AU  - Gholamrezanezhad, Ali
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, a novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pneumonia emerged in Wuhan, China. Since then, this highly contagious COVID-19 has been spreading worldwide, with a rapid rise in the number of deaths. Novel COVID-19-infected pneumonia (NCIP) is characterized by fever, fatigue, dry cough, and dyspnea. A variety of chest imaging features have been reported, similar to those found in other types of COVID-19 syndromes. The purpose of the present review is to briefly discuss the known epidemiology and the imaging findings of COVID-19 syndromes, with a focus on the reported imaging findings of NCIP. Moreover, the authors review precautions and safety measures for radiology department personnel to manage patients with known or suspected NCIP. Implementation of a robust plan in the radiology department is required to prevent further transmission of the virus to patients and department staff members.
JO  - Journal of the American College of Radiology : JACR
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - MEDLINE:32092296
DO  - 10.1016/j.jacr.2020.02.008
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32092296
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mast cells contribute to coronavirus-induced inflammation: new anti-inflammatory strategy
AU  - Kritas, S. K.
AU  - Ronconi, G.
AU  - Caraffa, Al
AU  - Gallenga, C. E.
AU  - Ross, R.
AU  - Conti, P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus, which can cause respiratory syndrome, to date has affected over seventeen thousand individuals, especially in China. Coronavirus is interspecies and can also be transmitted from man to man, with an incubation ranging from 1 to 14 days. Human coronavirus infections can induce not only mild to severe respiratory diseases, but also inflammation, high fever, cough, acute respiratory tract infection and dysfunction of internal organs that may lead to death. Coronavirus infection (regardless of the various types of corona virus) is primarily attacked by immune cells including mast cells (MCs), which are located in the submucosa of the respiratory tract and in the nasal cavity and represent a barrier of protection against microorganisms. Virus activate MCs which release early inflammatory chemical compounds including histamine and protease; while late activation provokes the generation of pro-inflammatory IL-1 family members including IL-1 and IL-33. Here, we propose for the first time that inflammation by coronavirus may be inhibited by anti-inflammatory cytokines belonging to the IL-1 family members.
JO  - Journal of biological regulators and homeostatic agents
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 34
IS  - 1
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - MEDLINE:32013309
DO  - 10.23812/20-Editorial-Kritas
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32013309
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Therapeutic strategies in an outbreak scenario to treat the novel coronavirus originating in Wuhan, China
AU  - Kruse, Robert L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) originating in Wuhan, China presents a potential respiratory viral pandemic to the world population. Current efforts are focused on containment and quarantine of infected individuals. Ultimately, the outbreak could be controlled with a protective vaccine to prevent 2019-nCoV infection. While vaccine research should be pursued intensely, there exists today no therapy to treat 2019-nCoV upon infection, despite an urgent need to find options to help these patients and preclude potential death. Herein, I review the potential options to treat 2019-nCoV in patients, with an emphasis on the necessity for speed and timeliness in developing new and effective therapies in this outbreak. I consider the options of drug repurposing, developing neutralizing monoclonal antibody therapy, and an oligonucleotide strategy targeting the viral RNA genome, emphasizing the promise and pitfalls of these approaches. Finally, I advocate for the fastest strategy to develop a treatment now, which could be resistant to any mutations the virus may have in the future. The proposal is a biologic that blocks 2019-nCoV entry using a soluble version of the viral receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), fused to an immunoglobulin Fc domain, providing a neutralizing antibody with maximal breath to avoid any viral escape, while also helping to recruit the immune system to build lasting immunity. The sequence of the ACE2-Fc protein is provided to investigators, allowing its possible use in recombinant protein expression systems to start producing drug today to treat patients under compassionate use, while formal clinical trials are later undertaken. Such a treatment could help infected patients before a protective vaccine is developed and widely available in the coming months to year(s).
JO  - F1000Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 
PG  - 72-72
SP  - 72
EP  - 72
AN  - MEDLINE:32117569
DO  - 10.12688/f1000research.22211.1
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32117569
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preliminary Recommendations for Lung Surgery during 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Epidemic Period
AU  - Li, Xin
AU  - Liu, Minghui
AU  - Zhao, Qingchun
AU  - Liu, Renwang
AU  - Zhang, Hongbing
AU  - Dong, Ming
AU  - Xu, Song
AU  - Zhao, Honglin
AU  - Wei, Sen
AU  - Song, Zuoqing
AU  - Chen, Gang
AU  - Chen, Jun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, China diagnosed the first patient with 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), and the following development of the epidemic had a huge impact on China and the whole world. For patients with lung occupying lesions, the whole process of diagnosis and treatment can not be carried out as usual due to the epidemic. For thoracic surgeons, the timing of surgical intervention should be very carefully considered. All thoracic surgeons in China should work together to develop the proper procedures for the diagnosis and treatment in this special situation, and continuously update the recommendations based on epidemic changes and further understanding of COVID-19. Here, we only offer some preliminary suggestions based on our own knowledge for further reference and discussion. 【中文题目：新型冠状病毒肺炎流行期肺部手术的初步建议】 【中文摘要：2019年12月，中国确诊首例新型冠状病毒肺炎患者，疫情发展对中国乃至世界产生了巨大影响。对于肺部发现占位性病变患者的整体诊疗流程也 因疫情而不能常规开展。对于胸外科医生而言，外科手术的介入时机需要慎重选择。全国的胸外科同道应根据疫情的改变及对新型冠状病毒肺炎认识的不断更新共同 制定诊治流程和路径。在此，我们仅依据自己的认识提出初步建议，以供参考和进一步讨论。】 【中文关键词：新型冠状病毒肺炎；肺占位性病变；外科手术治疗】.
JO  - Zhongguo fei ai za zhi = Chinese journal of lung cancer
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 23
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - MEDLINE:32077440
DO  - 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2020.03.01
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32077440
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Case of the Index Patient Who Caused Tertiary Transmission of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Korea: the Application of Lopinavir/Ritonavir for the Treatment of COVID-19 Pneumonia Monitored by Quantitative RT-PCR
AU  - Lim, Jaegyun
AU  - Jeon, Seunghyun
AU  - Shin, Hyun-Young
AU  - Kim, Moon Jung
AU  - Seong, Yu Min
AU  - Lee, Wang Jun
AU  - Choe, Kang-Won
AU  - Kang, Yu Min
AU  - Lee, Baeckseung
AU  - Park, Sang-Joon
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since mid-December of 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been spreading from Wuhan, China. The confirmed COVID-19 patients in South Korea are those who came from or visited China. As secondary transmissions have occurred and the speed of transmission is accelerating, there are rising concerns about community infections. The 54-year old male is the third patient diagnosed with COVID-19 in Korea. He is a worker for a clothing business and had mild respiratory symptoms and intermittent fever in the beginning of hospitalization, and pneumonia symptoms on chest computerized tomography scan on day 6 of admission. This patient caused one case of secondary transmission and three cases of tertiary transmission. Hereby, we report the clinical findings of the index patient who was the first to cause tertiary transmission outside China. Interestingly, after lopinavir/ritonavir (Kaletra, AbbVie) was administered, beta-coronavirus viral loads significantly decreased and no or little coronavirus titers were observed.
JO  - Journal of Korean Medical Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 35
IS  - 6
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - WOS:000514815500010
DO  - 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e79
UR  - <Go to ISI>://WOS:000514815500010
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Online learning-related visual impairment and preventive measures during the 2019 novel coronvirus outbreak
AU  - Lin, H. T.
AU  - Xiang, Y. F.
AU  - Cui, T. X.
AU  - Chen, J. J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 目前我国对2019新型冠状病毒疫情的防治工作正处于关键时期，延迟开学是减少校园内交叉感染、保护儿童和青少年身体健康、共同抗击疫情的重要举措。与此 同时，远程教学模式的大规模开展导致儿童和青少年的学习模式和用眼习惯发生巨大转变，其对儿童和青少年视觉健康的潜在影响不容忽视。本文对线上学习相关眼 健康问题和眼科疾病进行总结，并提出针对性的预防措施，为儿童和青少年在线上学习期间的视功能保护提供有效指导。（中华眼科杂志，2020，56： ）.
JO  - [Zhonghua yan ke za zhi] Chinese journal of ophthalmology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 56
IS  - 0
PG  - E004-E004
SP  - E004
EP  - E004
AN  - MEDLINE:32077665
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112142-20200219-00089
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32077665
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical manifestations and outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy
AU  - Liu, Yangli
AU  - Chen, Haihong
AU  - Tang, Kejing
AU  - Guo, Yubiao
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - Tang and colleagues, in this Journal, drew readers attention to emerging COVID19.1 We focused on the pregnant COVID19 patients. Given the maternal physiologic and immune function changes in pregnancy,2 pregnant individuals might face greater risk of getting infected by SARS-CoV-2 and might have more complicated clinical events. We described epidemiological, clinical characteristics, pregnancy and perinatal outcomes of all hospitalized pregnant patients diagnosed with COVID-19 in China. We identified all hospitalized pregnant patients with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection between December 8, 2019, and February 25, 2020 officially reported by the central government, in areas outside Wuhan, China. Information including age, geographic location, epidemiological history, prenatal course, maternal and newborn hospital course, discharge data and outcome were obtained by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Local Health Commission. When necessary, we attempted to contact local hospital or patients by telephone to supply missing information. This investigation was part of an emergency public health outbreak investigation and therefore not subject to institutional review board. There were a total of 13 Chinese patients with SARS-CoV-2 admitted to hospitals outside of Wuhan (Table 1). There were 3 patients from Zhejiang, 3 from other cities of Hubei and 1 each from Fujian, Shanxi, Beijing, Guangdong, Jiangxi, Heilongjiang and Anhui. The maternal age ranged between 22 to 36 years. Two women were less than 28 weeks of gestation and the other 11 patients were in their third trimesters at presentation. None of the patients had underlying medical disease.
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.02.028
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.02.028
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Influenza
AU  - Livingston, Edward
AU  - Bucher, Karen
AU  - Rekito, Andrew
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Jama
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - MEDLINE:32101254
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.2633
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32101254
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Get Real
AU  - Lowe, Derek
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since this is going to be a post about the coronavirus, let’s start off with this PSA: wash your hands. ... OK, either tomorrow or Friday I hope to do a post on all the things that are going on in the biopharma industry for a possible coronavirus treatment. ... It was clearly related to the virus from the first case (reported on January 19 in the same county in Washington state), descended from it in a way that makes it almost certain that the coronavirus has been spreading undetected among that population for weeks.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: hoarding and misuse of protective gear is jeopardising the response, WHO warns
AU  - Mahase, Elisabeth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Nearly 90 million face masks are required every month to protect health staff as they tackle covid-19, the World Health Organization has estimated, as it warned that current supplies were “rapidly depleting.”The ability of countries to respond to the outbreak is being compromised by the “severe and increasing disruption to the global supply of personal protective equipment—caused by rising demand, hoarding, and misuse,” said WHO’s director general, Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus.Speaking at the daily press briefing on 3 March, he warned …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m869
SP  - m869
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m869
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/content/368/bmj.m869.abstract
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Which lessons shall we learn from the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak?
AU  - Mattiuzzi, Camilla
AU  - Lippi, Giuseppe
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of Translational Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 8
IS  - 3
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - WOS:000514545800012
DO  - 10.21037/atm.2020.02.06
UR  - <Go to ISI>://WOS:000514545800012
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Middle East respiratory syndrome
AU  - Memish, Ziad A.
AU  - Perlman, Stanley
AU  - Van Kerkhove, Maria D.
AU  - Zumla, Alimuddin
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - The Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a lethal zoonotic pathogen that was first identified in humans in Saudi Arabia and Jordan in 2012. Intermittent sporadic cases, community clusters, and nosocomial outbreaks of MERS-CoV continue to occur. Between April 2012 and December 2019, 2499 laboratory-confirmed cases of MERS-CoV infection, including 858 deaths (34·3% mortality) were reported from 27 countries to WHO, the majority of which were reported by Saudi Arabia (2106 cases, 780 deaths). Large outbreaks of human-to-human transmission have occurred, the largest in Riyadh and Jeddah in 2014 and in South Korea in 2015. MERS-CoV remains a high-threat pathogen identified by WHO as a priority pathogen because it causes severe disease that has a high mortality rate, epidemic potential, and no medical countermeasures. This Seminar provides an update on the current knowledge and perspectives on MERS epidemiology, virology, mode of transmission, pathogenesis, diagnosis, clinical features, management, infection control, development of new therapeutics and vaccines, and highlights unanswered questions and priorities for research, improved management, and prevention.
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(19)33221-0
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(19)33221-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Histopathologic Evaluation and Scoring of Viral Lung Infection
AU  - Meyerholz, David K.
AU  - Beck, Amanda P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Emergent coronaviruses such as MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV can cause significant morbidity and mortality in infected individuals. Lung infection is a common clinical feature and contributes to disease severity as well as viral transmission. Animal models are often required to study viral infections and therapies, especially during an initial outbreak. Histopathology studies allow for identification of lesions and affected cell types to better understand viral pathogenesis and clarify effective therapies. Use of immunostaining allows detection of presumed viral receptors and viral tropism for cells can be evaluated to correlate with lesions. In the lung, lesions and immunostaining can be qualitatively described to define the cell types, microanatomic location, and type of changes seen. These features are important and necessary, but this approach can have limitations when comparing treatment groups. Semiquantitative and quantitative tissue scores are more rigorous as these provide the ability to statistically compare groups and increase the reproducibility and rigor of the study. This review describes principles, approaches, and resources that can be useful to evaluate coronavirus lung infection, focusing on MER-CoV infection as the principal example.
JO  - Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 2099
IS  - 
PG  - 205-220
SP  - 205
EP  - 220
AN  - MEDLINE:31883098
DO  - 10.1007/978-1-0716-0211-9_16
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:31883098
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A serological survey of canine respiratory coronavirus in New Zealand
AU  - More, G. D.
AU  - Dunowska, M.
AU  - Acke, E.
AU  - Cave, N. J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Aims: To determine the seroprevalence of canine respiratory coronavirus (CRCoV) in New Zealand dogs, and to explore associations with age, sex, breed, month, and geographical region of sampling and reported presence of clinical signs suggestive of respiratory disease. Methods: A total of 1,015 canine serum samples were randomly selected from submissions to a diagnostic laboratory between March and December 2014, and were analysed for CRCoV antibodies using a competitive ELISA. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine associations between seroprevalence of CRCoV and breed category, age, sex, sampling month, region, and reported health status of dogs. Results: Overall, 538/1,015 (53.0%) samples were seropositive for CRCoV, with 492/921 (53.4%) positive dogs in the North Island and 46/94 (49%) in the South Island. Age of dog, sampling month, region, and presence of abnormal respiratory signs were included in the initial logistic regression model. Seroprevalence was higher in dogs aged >= 3 compared with <= 2 years (p<0.01). The lowest seroprevalence was observed in July (30/105; 28.5%) and August (32/100; 32%), and the highest in June (74/100; 74%). Seroprevalence in dogs from Auckland was higher than in dogs from the Hawkes Bay, Manawatu, Marlborough, and Waikato regions (p<0.05). Abnormal respiratory signs (coughing, nasal discharge, or sneezing) were reported for 28/1,015 (2.8%) dogs sampled. Seroprevalence for CRCoV tended to be higher among dogs with respiratory signs (67.9 (95% CI=47.6-83.4)%) than dogs with no reported respiratory signs (52.6 (95% CI=49.5-55.7)%). Conclusions: Serological evidence of infection with CRCoV was present in more than half of the dogs tested from throughout New Zealand. Differences in CRCoV seroprevalence between regions and lack of seasonal pattern indicate that factors other than external temperatures may be important in the epidemiology of CRCoV in New Zealand.
JO  - New Zealand Veterinary Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 68
IS  - 1
PG  - 54-59
SP  - 54
EP  - 59
AN  - WOS:000500569700001
DO  - 10.1080/00480169.2019.1667282
UR  - <Go to ISI>://WOS:000500569700001
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Learning from the Past: Possible Urgent Prevention and Treatment Options for Severe Acute Respiratory Infections Caused by 2019-nCoV
AU  - Morse, J. S.
AU  - Lalonde, T.
AU  - Xu, S.
AU  - Liu, W. R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - With the current trajectory of the 2019-nCoV outbreak unknown, public health and medicinal measures will both be needed to contain spreading of the virus and to optimize patient outcomes. Although little is known about the virus, an examination of the genome sequence shows strong homology with its better-studied cousin, SARS-CoV. The spike protein used for host cell infection shows key nonsynonymous mutations that might hamper the efficacy of previously developed therapeutics but remains a viable target for the development of biologics and macrocyclic peptides. Other key drug targets, including RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and coronavirus main proteinase (3CLpro), share a strikingly high (>95 %) homology to SARS-CoV. Herein, we suggest four potential drug candidates (an ACE2-based peptide, remdesivir, 3CLpro-1 and a novel vinylsulfone protease inhibitor) that could be used to treat patients suffering with the 2019-nCoV. We also summarize previous efforts into drugging these targets and hope to help in the development of broad-spectrum anti-coronaviral agents for future epidemics.
JO  - ChemBioChem
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/cbic.202000047
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2004335180 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbic.202000047
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Air, Surface Environmental, and Personal Protective Equipment Contamination by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) From a Symptomatic Patient
AU  - Ong, Sean Wei Xiang
AU  - Tan, Yian Kim
AU  - Chia, Po Ying
AU  - Lee, Tau Hong
AU  - Ng, Oon Tek
AU  - Wong, Michelle Su Yen
AU  - Marimuthu, Kalisvar
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronaviruses have been implicated in nosocomial outbreaks with environmental contamination as a route of transmission. Similarly, nosocomial transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been reported. However, the mode of transmission and extent of environmental contamination are unknown.
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.3227
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.3227
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: Lessons from SARS and MERS
AU  - Park, Mirae
AU  - Thwaites, Ryan S.
AU  - Openshaw, Peter J. M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European journal of immunology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 50
IS  - 3
PG  - 308-311
SP  - 308
EP  - 311
AN  - MEDLINE:32104909
DO  - 10.1002/eji.202070035
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32104909
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Virus Isolation from the First Patient with SARS-CoV-2 in Korea
AU  - Park, Wan Beom
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is found to cause a large outbreak started from Wuhan since December 2019 in China and SARS-CoV-2 infections have been reported with epidemiological linkage to China in 25 countries until now. We isolated SARS-CoV-2 from the oropharyngeal sample obtained from the patient with the first laboratory-confirmed SARS- CoV-2 infection in Korea. Cytopathic effects of SARS-CoV-2 in the Vero cell cultures were confluent 3 days after the first blind passage of the sample. Coronavirus was confirmed with spherical particle having a fringe reminiscent of crown on transmission electron microscopy.Phylogenetic analyses of whole genome sequences showed that it clustered with other SARS- CoV-2 reported from Wuhan.
JO  - Journal of Korean Medical Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 35
IS  - 7
PG  - 1-5
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
AN  - KJD:ART002558174
DO  - 
UR  - <Go to ISI>://KJD:ART002558174
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: What Can We Learn From Stories From the Trenches?
AU  - Patlas, Michael N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A few reports have been published recently highlighting the role of chest computed tomography (CT) in diagnosis of COVID-19.2-4 Chest CT demonstrates a high sensitivity in patients with COVID-19. The CT imaging findings in COVID-19 are similar to features of other viral pneumonias and familiar to imagers.2-4 The speed of acquisition of CT and timely reporting by radiologists will help our ED colleagues to make a diagnosis of COVID-19 within minutes, not hours or days. Nevertheless, this outbreak raises important clinical questions relevant to radiological community.
JO  - Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 0846537120913497
SP  - 0846537120913497
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/0846537120913497
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1177/0846537120913497
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Outbreak of a new coronavirus: what anaesthetists should know
AU  - Peng, Philip W. H.
AU  - Ho, Pak-Leung
AU  - Hota, Susy S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - British journal of anaesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - MEDLINE:32115186
DO  - 10.1016/j.bja.2020.02.008
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32115186
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Behind the scenes in the biosafety office
AU  - Powell, Kendall
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - It’s never a dull day for those tasked with keeping biological research safe for all.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00593-5
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00593-5
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - An interim review of the epidemiological characteristics of 2019 novel coronavirus
AU  - Ryu, Sukhyun
AU  - Chun, Byung Chul
AU  - Kim, Dong Hyun
AU  - Cheong, Iae-Kwan
AU  - Lee, Heeyoung
AU  - Son, Hyunjin
AU  - Park, Ji-Hyuk
AU  - Kim, Jong-Hun
AU  - Lee, Kwan
AU  - Ko, Kwang-Pil
AU  - Cho, Sung-il
AU  - Choe, Young June
AU  - Korean Soc Epidemiology -nCo, V. T.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVES: The 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) from Wuhan, China is currently recognized as a public health emergency of global concern. METHODS: We reviewed the currently available literature to provide up-to-date guidance on control measures to be implemented by public health authorities. RESULTS: Some of the epidemiological characteristics of 2019-nCoV have been identified. However, there remain considerable uncertainties, which should be considered when providing guidance to public health authorities on control measures. CONCLUSIONS: Additional studies incorporating more detailed information from confirmed cases would be valuable.
JO  - Epidemiology and Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - WOS:000513700900001
DO  - 10.4178/epih.e2020006
UR  - <Go to ISI>://WOS:000513700900001
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Genomic diversity of SARS-CoV-2 in Coronavirus Disease 2019 patients
AU  - Shen, Zijie
AU  - Xiao, Yan
AU  - Kang, Lu
AU  - Ma, Wentai
AU  - Shi, Leisheng
AU  - Zhang, Li
AU  - Zhou, Zhuo
AU  - Yang, Jing
AU  - Zhong, Jiaxin
AU  - Yang, Donghong
AU  - Guo, Li
AU  - Zhang, Guoliang
AU  - Li, Hongru
AU  - Xu, Yu
AU  - Chen, Mingwei
AU  - Gao, Zhancheng
AU  - Wang, Jianwei
AU  - Ren, Lili
AU  - Li, Mingkun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has infected more than 75,000 individuals and spread to over 20 countries. It is still unclear how fast the virus evolved and how the virus interacts with other microorganisms in the lung.We have conducted metatranscriptome sequencing for the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of eight SARS-CoV-2 patients, 25 community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) patients, and 20 healthy controls.The median number of intra-host variants was 1-4 in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients, which ranged between 0 and 51 in different samples. The distribution of variants on genes was similar to those observed in the population data (110 sequences). However, very few intra-host variants were observed in the population as polymorphism, implying either a bottleneck or purifying selection involved in the transmission of the virus, or a consequence of the limited diversity represented in the current polymorphism data. Although current evidence did not support the transmission of intra-host variants in a person-to-person spread, the risk should not be overlooked. The microbiota in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients was similar to those in CAP, either dominated by the pathogens or with elevated levels of oral and upper respiratory commensal bacteria.SARS-CoV-2 evolves in vivo after infection, which may affect its virulence, infectivity, and transmissibility. Although how the intra-host variant spreads in the population is still elusive, it is necessary to strengthen the surveillance of the viral evolution in the population and associated clinical changes.
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa203
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa203
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cardiac manifestations of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia and related treatment recommendations
AU  - Tan, Z. C.
AU  - Fu, L. H.
AU  - Wang, D. D.
AU  - Hong, K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 引起2002年严重急性呼吸综合征（SARS）和2012年中东呼吸综合征（MERS）的冠状病毒(CoV)被证实是从动物传播至人类的。而2019新型 冠状病毒（2019-nCov）引起了新型冠状病毒肺炎的暴发，则再次证明CoV对人类健康具有重大的威胁。2019-nCov除感染呼吸系统外，研究报 道其对心血管系统也有侵害作用。本文对2019-nCov的基因组结构、功能以及感染者的病理生理学和心脏表型特征、心脏损伤的潜在机制、相关治疗策略进 行了梳理，警示临床医生注意2019-nCov对心脏的潜在风险、加强心脏功能管理。.
JO  - Zhonghua xin xue guan bing za zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 48
IS  - 0
PG  - E005-E005
SP  - E005
EP  - E005
AN  - MEDLINE:32118392
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.cn112148-20200213-00077
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32118392
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Outbreak investigation for COVID-19 in northern Vietnam
AU  - Thanh, Hai Nguyen
AU  - Van, Truong Nguyen
AU  - Thu, Huong Ngo Thi
AU  - Van, Binh Nghiem
AU  - Thanh, Binh Doan
AU  - Thu, Ha Phung Thi
AU  - Kieu, Anh Nguyen Thi
AU  - Viet, Nhung Nguyen
AU  - Marks, Guy B.
AU  - Fox, Greg J.
AU  - Nguyen, Thu-Anh
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - Two Vietnamese adults returned to their home province of Vinh Phuc in northern Vietnam on Jan 17, 2020, from Wuhan, China, where they had been living since Nov 15, 2019, for a business trip. They presented with mild respiratory symptoms to their local health facilities at 4 days and 8 days, respectively, after arrival in Vinh Phuc. Both individuals were initially placed into respiratory isolation in hospital. Case 1 tested positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative organism of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), on Jan 30, 2020, and remained in isolation until recovery. Case 2 was discharged from isolation in hospital after having one negative test result on Jan 28 (11 days after returning from Wuhan). Following discharge, the patient attended a family social function. 2 days later, she was readmitted after a second nasal swab for SARS-CoV-2 taken during her time in hospital was reported as positive. Screening of 79 individuals who had been in contact with these two patients (namely, family members in the same household and anyone who had been within 2 m of them) was initiated on Jan 31. Six individuals from the same work team, who had also travelled from Wuhan on Jan 17, were isolated, and four of them tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 (cases 3, 4, and 8 in Vinh Phuc, and one case from another province). Five secondary cases were diagnosed within the social network of case 2. These included three household members (cases 6, 7, and 11) and two people who had attended the social function (cases 5 and 9; appendix p 1). Four of these individuals reported mild respiratory symptoms; the remaining patient was asymptomatic (case 7) at the time of diagnosis.
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30159-6
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30159-6
NS  - 
N1  - Qingxia Zhong (2020-04-14 22:59:48)(Included): corrected: 48072; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - From the frontlines of COVID-19 – How prepared are we as obstetricians: a commentary
AU  - Chua, Monica Shi Qi
AU  - Lee, Jill Cheng Sim
AU  - Sulaiman, Suzanna
AU  - Tan, Hak Koon
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared the outbreak of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) ? now known as Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)1 - as a global health emergency. Singapore currently stands as the country with the highest number of reported cases of COVID-19 outside of China2, excluding patients on a cruise ship offshore of Japan.
JO  - BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/1471-0528.16192
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-0528.16192
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chloroquine for the 2019 novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Colson, Philippe
AU  - Rolain, Jean-Marc
AU  - Raoult, Didier
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International journal of antimicrobial agents
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 105923-105923
SP  - 105923
EP  - 105923
AN  - MEDLINE:32070753
DO  - 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105923
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32070753
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Deducing the Crystal Structure of MERS-CoV Helicase
AU  - Cui, Sheng
AU  - Hao, Wei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - RNA virus encodes a helicase essential for viral RNA transcription and replication when the genome size is larger than 7kb. Coronavirus (CoV) has an exceptionally large RNA genome (~30kb) and it encodes an essential replicase, the nonstructural protein 13 (nsp13), a member of superfamily 1 helicases. Nsp13 is among the evolutionary most conserved proteins not only in CoVs but also in nidovirales. Thus, it is considered as an important drug target. However, the high-resolution structure of CoV nsp13 remained unavailable even until more than a decade after the outbreak of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in 2003, which hindered the structure-based drug design. This is in part due to the intrinsic flexibility of nsp13. Here, we describe protocols of deducing the crystal structure of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) helicase in detail, which include protein expression, purification, crystallization, enzymatic characterization, and structure determination. With these methods, catalytically active recombinant MERS-CoV nsp13 protein can be prepared and crystallized and the crystal structure can be solved.
JO  - Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 2099
IS  - 
PG  - 69-85
SP  - 69
EP  - 85
AN  - MEDLINE:31883088
DO  - 10.1007/978-1-0716-0211-9_6
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:31883088
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Old Threat, New Enemy: Is Your Interventional Radiology Service Ready for the Coronavirus Disease 2019?
AU  - Da Zhuang, Kun
AU  - Tan, Bien Soo
AU  - Tan, Ban Hock
AU  - Too, Chow Wei
AU  - Tay, Kiang Hiong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Cardiovascular and interventional radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - MEDLINE:32103304
DO  - 10.1007/s00270-020-02440-6
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32103304
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - CT Imaging and Differential Diagnosis of COVID-19
AU  - Dai, Wei-cai
AU  - Zhang, Han-wen
AU  - Yu, Juan
AU  - Xu, Hua-jian
AU  - Chen, Huan
AU  - Luo, Si-ping
AU  - Zhang, Hong
AU  - Liang, Li-hong
AU  - Wu, Xiao-liu
AU  - Lei, Yi
AU  - Lin, Fan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since the beginning of 2020, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread throughout China. This study explains the findings from lung computed tomography images of some patients with COVID-19 treated in this medical institution and discusses the difference between COVID-19 and other lung diseases.
JO  - Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 0846537120913033
SP  - 0846537120913033
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/0846537120913033
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1177/0846537120913033
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Inactivation of three emerging viruses - severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus and Nipah virus - in platelet concentrates by ultraviolet C light and in plasma by methylene blue plus visible light
AU  - Eickmann, Markus
AU  - Gravemann, Ute
AU  - Handke, Wiebke
AU  - Tolksdorf, Frank
AU  - Reichenberg, Stefan
AU  - Mueller, Thomas H.
AU  - Seltsam, Axel
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background Emerging viruses like severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) and Nipah virus (NiV) have been identified to pose a potential threat to transfusion safety. In this study, the ability of the THERAFLEX UV-Platelets and THERAFLEX MB-Plasma pathogen inactivation systems to inactivate these viruses in platelet concentrates and plasma, respectively, was investigated. Materials and methods Blood products were spiked with SARS-CoV, CCHFV or NiV, and then treated with increasing doses of UVC light (THERAFLEX UV-Platelets) or with methylene blue (MB) plus increasing doses of visible light (MB/light; THERAFLEX MB-Plasma). Samples were taken before and after treatment with each illumination dose and tested for residual infectivity. Results Treatment with half to three-fourths of the full UVC dose (0 center dot 2 J/cm(2)) reduced the infectivity of SARS-CoV (>= 3 center dot 4 log), CCHFV (>= 2 center dot 2 log) and NiV (>= 4 center dot 3 log) to the limit of detection (LOD) in platelet concentrates, and treatment with MB and a fourth of the full light dose (120 J/cm(2)) decreased that of SARS-CoV (>= 3 center dot 1 log), CCHFV (>= 3 center dot 2 log) and NiV (>= 2 center dot 7 log) to the LOD in plasma. Conclusion Our study demonstrates that both THERAFLEX UV-Platelets (UVC) and THERAFLEX MB-Plasma (MB/light) effectively reduce the infectivity of SARS-CoV, CCHFV and NiV in platelet concentrates and plasma, respectively.
JO  - Vox Sanguinis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - WOS:000506646700001
DO  - 10.1111/vox.12888
UR  - <Go to ISI>://WOS:000506646700001
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Hematologic parameters in patients with COVID-19 infection
AU  - Fan, Bingwen Eugene
AU  - Chong, Vanessa Cui Lian
AU  - Chan, Stephrene Seok Wei
AU  - Lim, Gek Hsiang
AU  - Lim, Kian Guan Eric
AU  - Tan, Guat Bee
AU  - Mucheli, Sharavan Sadasiv
AU  - Kuperan, Ponnudurai
AU  - Ong, Kiat Hoe
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Am J Hematol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1002/ajh.25774
SP  - 10.1002/ajh.25774
EP  - 
AN  - 32129508
DO  - 10.1002/ajh.25774
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32129508
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prediction of Epidemic Spread of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Driven by Spring Festival Transportation in China: A Population-Based Study
AU  - Fan, Changyu
AU  - Liu, Linping
AU  - Guo, Wei
AU  - Yang, Anuo
AU  - Ye, Chenchen
AU  - Jilili, Maitixirepu
AU  - Ren, Meina
AU  - Xu, Peng
AU  - Long, Hexing
AU  - Wang, Yufan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - After the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak, we estimated the distribution and scale of more than 5 million migrants residing in Wuhan after they returned to their hometown communities in Hubei Province or other provinces at the end of 2019 by using the data from the 2013&ndash;2018 China Migrants Dynamic Survey (CMDS). We found that the distribution of Wuhan&rsquo;s migrants is centred in Hubei Province (approximately 75%) at a provincial level, gradually decreasing in the surrounding provinces in layers, with obvious spatial characteristics of circle layers and echelons. The scale of Wuhan&rsquo;s migrants, whose origins in Hubei Province give rise to a gradient reduction from east to west within the province, and account for 66% of Wuhan&rsquo;s total migrants, are from the surrounding prefectural-level cities of Wuhan. The distribution comprises 94 districts and counties in Hubei Province, and the cumulative percentage of the top 30 districts and counties exceeds 80%. Wuhan&rsquo;s migrants have a large proportion of middle-aged and high-risk individuals. Their social characteristics include nuclear family migration (84%), migration with families of 3&ndash;4 members (71%), a rural household registration (85%), and working or doing business (84%) as the main reason for migration. Using a quasi-experimental analysis framework, we found that the size of Wuhan&rsquo;s migrants was highly correlated with the daily number of confirmed cases. Furthermore, we compared the epidemic situation in different regions and found that the number of confirmed cases in some provinces and cities in Hubei Province may be underestimated, while the epidemic situation in some regions has increased rapidly. The results are conducive to monitoring the epidemic prevention and control in various regions.
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 17
IS  - 5
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/ijerph17051679
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Has China faced only a herald wave of SARS-CoV-2?
AU  - Flahault, Antoine
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - The attack rate of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) calculated by mathematical models, from estimates of the basic reproduction number, R0, of 2–3, suggests that 50–60% of the population should eventually be infected because the population seems to be entirely naive to the new virus.1 The observed attack rate on board the Diamond Princess cruise ship remained slightly below 20% (705 of 3711 passengers and crew members became infected).1 It is of upmost importance to know whether the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in China is subsiding, as local authorities and the entire international community might wish. With 80 026 COVID-19 cases officially reported from China as of March 2, 2020,2 the proportion of the population affected remains far from 50%, or even 20%, of China's 1·4 billion people. Has China just experienced a herald wave, to use terminology borrowed from those who study tsunamis, and is the big wave still to come? Serosurveys can help answer these questions precisely.3 To serosurvey the outbreak would involve testing sera of blood samples from the most representative sample of the population at the epicentre of the epidemic, Wuhan. Serology analysis with neutralising antibodies from the 1000 people could allow for the rate of SARS-CoV-2 infections to be estimated with good accuracy. This rate could be extrapolated to the city's entire population and thus inform more precisely whether the provisional attack rate during this period was a few cases per thousand or perhaps affected 1–2% of the population, 20%, or more. Serosurveys should be seen as polls before elections; they can be repeated several times,3 week after week, to monitor the epidemic precisely. There is no reason to wait for the end of the epidemic before doing serosurveys. The results would be tremendously informative to China, first and foremost, and to the entire international community, on the risk of big secondary epidemic waves
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30521-3
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30521-3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: Perspectives on the Potential Novel Global Threat
AU  - Gentile, Ivan
AU  - Abenavoli, Ludovico
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Reviews on recent clinical trials
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - MEDLINE:32116200
DO  - 10.2174/1574887115999200228100745
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32116200
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Communication, transparency key as Canada faces new coronavirus threat
AU  - Glauser, Wendy
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 192
IS  - 7
PG  - E171-E172
SP  - E171
EP  - E172
AN  - MEDLINE:32071113
DO  - 10.1503/cmaj.1095846
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32071113
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - We shouldn't worry when a virus mutates during disease outbreaks
AU  - Grubaugh, Nathan D.
AU  - Petrone, Mary E.
AU  - Holmes, Edward C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Mutation. The word naturally conjures fears of unexpected and freakish changes. Ill-informed discussions of mutations thrive during virus outbreaks, including the ongoing spread of SARS-CoV-2. In reality, mutations are a natural part of the virus life cycle and rarely impact outbreaks dramatically.
JO  - Nature Microbiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - WOS:000514260800001
DO  - 10.1038/s41564-020-0690-4
UR  - <Go to ISI>://WOS:000514260800001
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Angiotensin receptor blockers as tentative SARS-CoV-2 therapeutics
AU  - Gurwitz, David
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - At the time of writing this commentary (February 2020), the coronavirus COVID-19 epidemic has already resulted in more fatalities compared with the SARS and MERS coronavirus epidemics combined. Therapeutics that may assist to contain its rapid spread and reduce its high mortality rates are urgently needed. Developing vaccines against the SARS-CoV-2 virus may take many months. Moreover, vaccines based on viral-encoded peptides may not be effective against future coronavirus epidemics, as virus mutations could make them futile. Indeed, new Influenza virus strains emerge every year, requiring new immunizations. A tentative suggestion based on existing therapeutics, which would likely be resistant to new coronavirus mutations, is to use available angiotensin receptor 1 (AT1R) blockers, such as losartan, as therapeutics for reducing the aggressiveness and mortality from SARS-CoV-2 virus infections. This idea is based on observations that the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) very likely serves as the binding site for SARS-CoV-2, the strain implicated in the current COVID-19 epidemic, similarly to strain SARS-CoV implicated in the 2002-2003 SARS epidemic. This commentary elaborates on the idea of considering AT1R blockers as tentative treatment for SARS-CoV-2 infections, and proposes a research direction based on datamining of clinical patient records for assessing its feasibility.
JO  - Drug Dev Res
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1002/ddr.21656
SP  - 10.1002/ddr.21656
EP  - 
AN  - 32129518
DO  - 10.1002/ddr.21656
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32129518
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Uncertainties about the transmission routes of 2019 novel coronavirus
AU  - Han, Qingmei
AU  - Lin, Qingqing
AU  - Ni, Zuowei
AU  - You, Liangshun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The 2019 novel coronavirus (now named as SARS‐CoV‐2) caused an outbreak of SARS‐like illness in the late of December 2019. At present, the origin, susceptible population, and infection sources already have been clear.1, 2 However, the transmission routes, a key step to the epidemic control, have not yet been fully ascertained. Here, we focus on the potential transmission routes that have been investigated in the SARS‐CoV‐2 epidemic recently. SARS‐CoV‐2, similar to SARS and MERS, is predominantly spread via respiratory tract with high infectivity. It is commonly recognized that droplet transmission is the main route. Spread by aerosol is suspected to be another important route of transmission but unestablished now. Epidemiological experts, as well as the WHO, consider more evidence is needed to confirm.3 Besides, there are other routes except respiratory transmission. The previous study indicated that different human coronaviruses, such as SARS‐CoV and MERS‐CoV, can maintain infectious for a different time on inanimate surfaces.4 Meanwhile, it was reported that SARS‐CoV‐2 was also founded on the surface of the door handles, cell phones, and other items in the residential sites of confirmed cases.5 Therefore, individuals will be probably infected if they touch the nose, mouth, or eyes after contacting the contaminated items.
JO  - Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/irv.12735
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/irv.12735
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The COVID-19 epidemic
AU  - Velavan, Thirumalaisamy P.
AU  - Meyer, Christian G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 25
IS  - 3
PG  - 278-280
SP  - 278
EP  - 280
AN  - MEDLINE:32052514
DO  - 10.1111/tmi.13383
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32052514
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A novel coronavirus outbreak of global health concern (vol 395, pg 470, 2020)
AU  - Wang, C.
AU  - Horby, P. W.
AU  - Hayden, F. G.
AU  - Gao, G. F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10223
PG  - 496-496
SP  - 496
EP  - 496
AN  - WOS:000514576900030
DO  - 10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30250-6
UR  - <Go to ISI>://WOS:000514576900030
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The progress of 2019 novel coronavirus event in China
AU  - Wang, Guan
AU  - Jin, Xian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - MEDLINE:32048741
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25705
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32048741
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mitigate the effects of home confinement on children during the COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Wang, Guanghai
AU  - Zhang, Yunting
AU  - Zhao, Jin
AU  - Zhang, Jun
AU  - Jiang, Fan
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - In response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, the Chinese Government has ordered a nationwide school closure as an emergency measure to prevent spreading of the infection. Public activities are discouraged. The Ministry of Education estimates that more than 220 million children and adolescents are confined to their homes; this includes 180 million primary and secondary students and 47 million preschool children).1 Thanks to the strong administrative system in China, the emergency home schooling plan has been rigorously implemented.2 Massive efforts are being made by schools and teachers at all levels to create online courses and deliver them through TV broadcasts and the internet in record time. The new virtual semester has just started in many parts of the country, and various courses are offered online in a well organised manner. These actions are helping to alleviate many parents' concerns about their children's educational attainment by ensuring that school learning is largely undisrupted. Although these measures and efforts are highly commendable and necessary, there are reasons to be concerned because prolonged school closure and home confinement during a disease outbreak might have negative effects on children's physical and mental health.3 , 4 Evidence suggests that when children are out of school (eg, weekends and summer holidays), they are physically less active, have much longer screen time, irregular sleep patterns, and less favourable diets, resulting in weight gain and a loss of cardiorespiratory fitness.3 , 5 Such negative effects on health are likely to be much worse when children are confined to their homes without outdoor activities and interaction with same aged friends during the outbreak.
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30547-X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30547-X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chinese expert consensus on the perinatal and neonatal management for the prevention and control of the 2019 novel coronavirus infection (First edition)
AU  - Wang, Laishuan
AU  - Shi, Yuan
AU  - Xiao, Tiantian
AU  - Fu, Jianhua
AU  - Feng, Xing
AU  - Mu, Dezhi
AU  - Feng, Qi
AU  - Hei, Mingyan
AU  - Hu, Xiaojing
AU  - Li, Zhankui
AU  - Lu, Guoping
AU  - Tang, Zezhong
AU  - Wang, Yajuan
AU  - Wang, Chuanqing
AU  - Xia, Shiwen
AU  - Xu, Jianqing
AU  - Yang, Yujia
AU  - Yang, Jie
AU  - Zeng, Mei
AU  - Zheng, Jun
AU  - Zhou, Wei
AU  - Zhou, Xiaoyu
AU  - Zhou, Xiaoguang
AU  - Du, Lizhong
AU  - Lee, Shoo K.
AU  - Zhou, Wenhao
AU  - Working Comm Perinatal, Neona
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, there has been an outbreak of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection in China. Two cases of neonates with positive 2019-nCoV tests have been reported. Due to the immature immune system and the possibility of vertical transmission from mother to infant, neonates have become a high-risk group susceptible to 2019-nCoV, which emphasize a close cooperation from both perinatal and neonatal pediatrics. In neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), to prevent and control infection, there should be practical measures to ensure the optimal management of children potentially to be infected. According to the latest 2019-nCoV national management plan and the actual situation, the Chinese Neonatal 2019-nCoV expert working Group has put forward measures on the prevention and control of neonatal 2019-nCoV infection.
JO  - Annals of Translational Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 8
IS  - 3
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - WOS:000514545800011
DO  - 10.21037/atm.2020.02.20
UR  - <Go to ISI>://WOS:000514545800011
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 2019_nCoV/SARS-CoV-2: rapid classification of betacoronaviruses and identification of Traditional Chinese Medicine as potential origin of zoonotic coronaviruses
AU  - Wassenaar, T. M.
AU  - Zou, Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The current outbreak of a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome-like coronavirus, 2019_nCoV(now named SARS-CoV-2), illustrated difficulties in identifying a novel coronavirus and its natural host, as the coding sequences of various Betacoronavirus species can be highly diverse. By means of whole-genome sequence comparisons, we demonstrate that the noncoding flanks of the viral genome can be used to correctly separate the recognized four betacoronavirus subspecies. The conservation would be sufficient to define target sequences that could, in theory, classify novel virus species into their subspecies. Only 253 upstream noncoding sequences of Sarbecovirus are sufficient to identify genetic similarities between species of this subgenus. Furthermore, it was investigated which bat species have commercial value in China, and would thus likely be handled for trading purposes. A number of coronavirus genomes have been published that were obtained from such bat species. These bats are used in Traditional Chinese Medicine, and their handling poses a potential risk to cause zoonotic coronavirus epidemics. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The noncoding upstream and downstream flanks of coronavirus genomes allow for rapid classification of novel Betacoronavirus species and correct identification of genetic relationships. Although bats are the likely natural host of 2019_nCoV, the exact bat species that serves as the natural host of the virus remains as yet unknown. Chinese bat species with commercial value were identified as natural reservoirs of coronaviruses and are used in Traditional Chinese Medicine. Since their trading provides a potential risk for spreading zoonoses, a change in these practices is highly recommended.
JO  - Letters in applied microbiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - MEDLINE:32060933
DO  - 10.1111/lam.13285
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32060933
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Myocardial injury in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia
AU  - Wei, Z. Y.
AU  - Qian, H. Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 自2019年12月以来，中国湖北省开始出现了2019新型冠状病毒（2019-nCoV）感染疫情并逐渐扩散至其他省份乃至其他国家。该病毒具有传播能 力强、临床表现多样、潜伏期长、可隐性传染等特征，对人类生命安全和健康造成严重威胁。随着病例数的不断增加和临床资料的不断丰富，2019-nCoV感 染患者除了典型的呼吸系统表现外，与病毒感染相关的心肌损伤情况逐渐受到重视。根据已公布的资料，我们总结了目前已知的2019-nCoV感染患者的心肌 损伤表现、特征、对病情及预后的影响，并对可能的损伤机制、治疗方法以及未来的研究方向作一论述。.
JO  - Zhonghua xin xue guan bing za zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 48
IS  - 0
PG  - E006-E006
SP  - E006
EP  - E006
AN  - MEDLINE:32118393
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.cn112148-20200220-00106
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32118393
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Identification of the hyper-variable genomic hotspot for the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Wen, Feng
AU  - Yu, Hai
AU  - Guo, Jinyue
AU  - Li, Yong
AU  - Luo, Kaijian
AU  - Huang, Shujian
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - A recent study in this journal studied the genomes of the novel SARS-like coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) in China and suggested that the SARS-CoV-2 had undergone genetic recombination with SARS-related CoV1. By February 14, 2020, a total of 66,576 confirmed cases of COVID-19, people infected with SARS-CoV-2, were reported in China, leading to 1,524 deaths, per the Chinese CDC (http://2019ncov.chinacdc.cn/2019-nCoV/). Several full genomic sequences of this virus have been released for the study of its evolutionary origin and molecular characteristics2, 3, 4. Here, we analyzed the potential mutations that may have evolved after the virus became epidemic among humans and also the mutations resulting in the human adaptation. The sequences of BetaCoV were downloaded on February 3, 2020 from the GISAID platform5. A total of 58 accessions were available, among which BetaCoV/bat/Yunnan/RaTG13/2013 is a known close relative of SARS-CoV-2. Four accessions, namely, BetaCov/Italy/INM1/2020, BetaCov/Italy/INM2/2020, BetaCoV/Kanagawa/1/2020, and BetaCoV/USA/IL1/2020, were excluded because of the short-truncated sequences or multiple ambiguous nucleotides. A total of 54 accessions (Supplementary table 1) isolated from humans were utilized in the following analysis. The sequences NC_004718.3 of SARS coronavirus6 genes were utilized to define the protein products of SARS-CoV-2. The protein sequences of ORF1ab, S, E, M, and N genes were translated, and all of the loci without experimental evidences were excluded. First, the protein sequences of SARS-CoV-2 were compared with RaTG13, human SARS (NC_004718.3), bat SARS (DQ022305.2), and human MERS (NC_019843.3) by calculating the similarity in a given sliding window (Figure 1A). The sliding window was set to 500 for ORF1ab and S, and to 50 for proteins E, M, and N considering their short length. SARS-CoV-2 were highly similar to RaTG13 isolated from bats, showing 96% identity based on the whole-nucleotide sequences and 83% based on the protein sequences, suggesting a bat zoonotic origin of SARS-CoV-2. ORF1a, and the head of S seemed to have diverged from other beta coronaviruses.
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.02.027
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.02.027
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covert COVID-19 and false-positive dengue serology in Singapore
AU  - Yan, Gabriel
AU  - Lee, Chun Kiat
AU  - Lam, Lawrence T. M.
AU  - Yan, Benedict
AU  - Chua, Ying Xian
AU  - Lim, Anita Y. N.
AU  - Phang, Kee Fong
AU  - Kew, Guan Sen
AU  - Teng, Hazel
AU  - Ngai, Chin Hong
AU  - Lin, Li
AU  - Foo, Rui Min
AU  - Pada, Surinder
AU  - Ng, Lee Ching
AU  - Tambyah, Paul Anantharajah
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - Dengue and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are difficult to distinguish because they have shared clinical and laboratory features.1 , 2 We describe two patients in Singapore with false-positive results from rapid serological testing for dengue, who were later confirmed to have severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, the causative virus of COVID-19. The first case is a 57-year-old man with no relevant past medical, travel, or contact history, who presented to a regional hospital on Feb 9, 2020, with 3 days of fever and cough. He had thrombocytopenia (platelet count 140 × 109/mL) and a normal chest radiograph. He was discharged after a negative rapid test for dengue NS1, IgM, and IgG (SD Bioline Dengue Duo Kit; Abbott, South Korea). He returned to a public primary health-care clinic with persistent fever, worsening thrombocytopenia (89 × 109/mL), and new onset lymphopenia (0·43 × 109/mL). A repeat dengue rapid test was positive for dengue IgM and IgG (Dengue Combo; Wells Bio, South Korea). He was referred to hospital for dengue with worsening cough and dyspnoea. A chest radiograph led to testing for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR (in-house laboratory-developed test detecting the N and ORF1ab genes) from a nasopharyngeal swab, which returned positive. The original seropositive sample and additional urine and blood samples tested negative for dengue, chikungunya, and Zika viruses by RT-PCR,3 , 4 , 5 and a repeat dengue rapid test (SD Bioline) was also negative. Thus, the initial dengue seroconversion result was deemed a false positive.
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30158-4
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30158-4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 2019 novel coronavirus is undergoing active recombination
AU  - Yi, Huiguang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak in Wuhan since December 2019 [1] has quickly spread to twenty-five countries [2], caused more than 44,000 cases and 1,000 deaths so far [3]. The fast sharing of 2019-nCoV genomes in GISAID (https://www.gisaid.org) provides a valuable dataset for 2019-nCoV haplotype network analysis, which is crucial for transmission and evolutionary track surveillance and secondary outbreak prevention. We called single-nucleotide variations (SNVs) for all the 84 2019-nCov genomes in GISAID using MN908947 as the reference. Genomes with same SNVs are grouped into a haplotype (shown as a pie chart node in Fig. 1, see Tab. S1 for the accessions), then the network is constructed using the median join [4] method in popART [5]. We found the 2019-nCoV haplotype network has obvious characteristics of single origin from haplotype hap_011: first, the network is star-like, centralized on the haplotype hap_011; second, hap_011 has the largest sample size and majority of the samples are from Hubei province—where outbreak originated (Tab. S1); third, most of satellite haplotypes are also from Hubei (Fig. 1); fourth, the average collection dates of hap_011 (has 0 mutation relative to MN908947) is earlier than all other mutation groups (Fig. S1). The single origin of 2019-nCov indicates a persistent animal to human transmission is unlikely, otherwise, multiple nodes with above characteristics should be observed.
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa219
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa219
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Liver injury in COVID-19: management and challenges
AU  - Zhang, Chao
AU  - Shi, Lei
AU  - Wang, Fu-Sheng
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - SARS-CoV-2 shares 82% genome sequence similarity to SARS-CoV and 50% genome sequence homology to Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV)—all three coronaviruses are known to cause severe respiratory symptoms. Liver impairment has been reported in up to 60% of patients with SARS3 and has also been reported in patients infected with MERS-CoV.4 At least seven relatively large-scale case studies have reported the clinical features of patients with COVID-19.1 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 In this Comment, we assess how the liver is affected using the available case studies and data from The Fifth Medical Center of PLS General Hospital, Beijing, China. These data indicate that 2–11% of patients with COVID-19 had liver comorbidities and 14–53% cases reported abnormal levels of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) during disease progression (table). Patients with severe COVID-19 seem to have higher rates of liver dysfunction. In a study in The Lancet by Huang and colleagues,5 elevation of AST was observed in eight (62%) of 13 patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) compared with seven (25%) of 28 patients who did not require care in the ICU. Moreover, in a large cohort including 1099 patients from 552 hospitals in 31 provinces or provincial municipalities, more severe patients with disease had abnormal liver aminotransferase levels than did non-severe patients with disease.1 Furthermore, in another study,8 patients who had a diagnosis of COVID-19 confirmed by CT scan while in the subclinical phase (ie, before symptom onset) had significantly lower incidence of AST abnormality than did patients diagnosed after the onset of symptoms. Therefore, liver injury is more prevalent in severe cases than in mild cases of COVID-19.
JO  - The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2468-1253(20)30057-1
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-1253(20)30057-1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical characteristics of 140 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Wuhan, China
AU  - Zhang, Jin-Jin
AU  - Dong, Xiang
AU  - Cao, Yi-Yuan
AU  - Yuan, Ya-Dong
AU  - Yang, Yi-Bin
AU  - Yan, You-Qin
AU  - Akdis, Cezmi A.
AU  - Gao, Ya-Dong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has been widely spread. We aim to investigate the clinical characteristic and allergy status of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. METHODS: Electronic medical records including demographics, clinical manifestation, comorbidities, laboratory data, and radiological materials of 140 hospitalized COVID-19 patients, with confirmed result of SARS-CoV-2 viral infection, were extracted and analyzed. RESULTS: An approximately 1:1 ratio of male (50.7%) and female COVID-19 patients was found, with an overall median age of 57.0years. All patients were community-acquired cases. Fever (91.7%), cough (75.0%), fatigue (75.0%), and gastrointestinal symptoms (39.6%) were the most common clinical manifestations, whereas hypertension (30.0%) and diabetes mellitus (12.1%) were the most common comorbidities. Drug hypersensitivity (11.4%) and urticaria (1.4%) were self-reported by several patients. Asthma or other allergic diseases were not reported by any of the patients. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD, 1.4%) patients and current smokers (1.4%) were rare. Bilateral ground-glass or patchy opacity (89.6%) was the most common sign of radiological finding. Lymphopenia (75.4%) and eosinopenia (52.9%) were observed in most patients. Blood eosinophil counts correlate positively with lymphocyte counts in severe (r=.486, P<.001) and nonsevere (r=.469, P<.001) patients after hospital admission. Significantly higher levels of D-dimer, C-reactive protein, and procalcitonin were associated with severe patients compared to nonsevere patients (all P<.001). CONCLUSION: Detailed clinical investigation of 140 hospitalized COVID-19 cases suggests eosinopenia together with lymphopenia may be a potential indicator for diagnosis. Allergic diseases, asthma, and COPD are not risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Older age, high number of comorbidities, and more prominent laboratory abnormalities were associated with severe patients.
JO  - Allergy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - MEDLINE:32077115
DO  - 10.1111/all.14238
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32077115
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The association between domestic train transportation and novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak in China from 2019 to 2020: A data-driven correlational report
AU  - Zhao, Shi
AU  - Zhuang, Zian
AU  - Ran, Jinjun
AU  - Lin, Jiaer
AU  - Yang, Guangpu
AU  - Yang, Lin
AU  - He, Daihai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Travel medicine and infectious disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 33
IS  - 
PG  - 101568-101568
SP  - 101568
EP  - 101568
AN  - MEDLINE:32006656
DO  - 10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101568
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32006656
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel antibody epitopes dominate the antigenicity of spike glycoprotein in SARS-CoV-2 compared to SARS-CoV
AU  - Zheng, Ming
AU  - Song, Lun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Cellular & Molecular Immunology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41423-020-0385-z
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41423-020-0385-z
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cause analysis and treatment strategies of "recurrence" with novel coronavirus pneumonia (covid-19) patients after discharge from hospital
AU  - Zhou, L.
AU  - Liu, K.
AU  - Liu, H. G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - With a large number of COVID-19 patients discharging from hospital, some had showed re-fever and positive nucleic acid test after discharge from hospital. This might be due to the biological characteristics of 2019-nCoV, and might also be related to the basic disease, clinical status, glucocorticoid using, sample sampling, processing and detecting of patients, and some even related to the re-infection or secondary bacterial virus infection. Therefore, we suggest that in view of this phenomenon, further stratified management of discharge from hospital should be carried out on the basis of guidelines, especially for patients with advanced age, underlying diseases or severe or critical pneumonia. For those patients who can't completely deoxygenate for a long time after hospitalization, individualized treatment methods and different discharge evaluation criteria should be adopted to ensure the complete cure of patients and prevent recurrencing after discharge from hospital. 随着新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）患者大量出院，部分患者出院后出现再次发热、核酸检测阳性的现象。这可能是由于新型冠状病毒（2019-nCo V）的生物学特性所决定的，也可能与患者的基础疾病、临床状况、糖皮质激素的使用以及标本采样、处理、检测有关，甚至还与部分患者再次感染或继发其他细菌 病毒感染有关。为此，我们建议针对这一现象，应在指南基础上进一步对患者出院进行分层管理，尤其是高龄、有基础疾病或重症及危重型患者可能要进行相应处理 措施，对于患者住院后长期吸氧难以完全脱氧者采用个体化的处理方式和不同出院评估标准，旨在保证彻底治愈患者，防止出院后"复发"。.
JO  - Zhonghua jie he he hu xi za zhi = Zhonghua jiehe he huxi zazhi = Chinese journal of tuberculosis and respiratory diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 0
PG  - E028-E028
SP  - E028
EP  - E028
AN  - MEDLINE:32118391
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20200229-00219
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32118391
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Emerging zoonoses: A one health challenge
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - EClinicalMedicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 19
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100300
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005053402 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100300
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus response: a focus on containment is still apt
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 579
IS  - 7797
PG  - 7-7
SP  - 7
EP  - 7
AN  - 32127714
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00623-2
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32127714
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mystery deepens over animal source of coronavirus
AU  - Cyranoski, David
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 579
IS  - 7797
PG  - 18-19
SP  - 18
EP  - 19
AN  - 32127703
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00548-w
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32127703
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Open peer-review platform for COVID-19 preprints
AU  - Johansson, Michael A.
AU  - Saderi, Daniela
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 579
IS  - 7797
PG  - 29-29
SP  - 29
EP  - 29
AN  - 32127711
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00613-4
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32127711
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Small Molecule Inhibitors of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Fusion by Targeting Cavities on Heptad Repeat Trimers
AU  - Kandeel, Mahmoud
AU  - Yamamoto, Mizuki
AU  - Al-Taher, Abdulla
AU  - Watanabe, Aya
AU  - Oh-Hashi, Kentaro
AU  - Park, Byoung Kwon
AU  - Kwon, Hyung-Joo
AU  - Inoue, Jun-Ichiro
AU  - Al-Nazawi, Mohammed
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a newly emerging viral disease with fatal outcomes. However, no MERS-CoV-specific treatment is commercially available. Given the absence of previous structure-based drug discovery studies targeting MERS-CoV fusion proteins, this set of compounds is considered the first generation of MERS-CoV small molecule fusion inhibitors. After a virtual screening campaign of 1.56 million compounds followed by cell-cell fusion assay and MERS-CoV plaques inhibition assay, three new compounds were identified. Compound numbers 22, 73, and 74 showed IC(50) values of 12.6, 21.8, and 11.12 µM, respectively, and were most effective at the onset of spike-receptor interactions. The compounds exhibited safe profiles against Human embryonic kidney cells 293 (HEK293) at a concentration of 20 µM with no observed toxicity in Vero cells at 10 µM. The experimental results are accompanied with predicted favorable pharmacokinetic descriptors and drug-likeness parameters. In conclusion, this study provides the first generation of MERS-CoV fusion inhibitors with potencies in the low micromolar range.
JO  - Biomol Ther (Seoul)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.4062/biomolther.2019.202
SP  - 10.4062/biomolther.2019.202
EP  - 
AN  - 32126736
DO  - 10.4062/biomolther.2019.202
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32126736
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Noninvasive Respiratory Support for Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia: Enough is Enough
AU  - Pan, C.
AU  - Zhang, W.
AU  - Xia, J. A.
AU  - Liu, H.
AU  - Du, B.
AU  - Qiu, H. B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 59
IS  - 0
PG  - E006-E006
SP  - E006
EP  - E006
AN  - 32129582
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1426.2020.0006
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32129582
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prediction modeling with data fusion and prevention strategy analysis for the COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Tang, S. Y.
AU  - Xiao, Y. N.
AU  - Peng, Z. H.
AU  - Shen, H. B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, the outbreak of COVID-19 in Wuhan has spread rapidly due to population movement during the Spring Festival holidays. Since January 23rd, 2020, the strategies of containment and contact tracing followed by quarantine and isolation has been implemented extensively in mainland China, and the rates of detection and confirmation have been continuously increased, which have effectively suppressed the rapid spread of the epidemic. In the early stage of the outbreak of COVID-19, it is of great practical significance to analyze the transmission risk of the epidemic and evaluate the effectiveness and timeliness of prevention and control strategies by using mathematical models and combining with a small amount of real-time updated multi-source data. On the basis of our previous research, we systematically introduce how to establish the transmission dynamic models in line with current Chinese prevention and control strategies step by step, according to the different epidemic stages and the improvement of the data. By summarized our modelling and assessing ideas, the model formulations vary from autonomous to non-autonomous dynamic systems, the risk assessment index changes from the basic regeneration number to the effective regeneration number, and the epidemic development and assessment evolve from the early SEIHR transmission model-based dynamics to the recent dynamics which are mainly associated with the variation of the isolated and suspected population sizes.
JO  - Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 4
PG  - 480-484
SP  - 480
EP  - 484
AN  - 32129581
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200216-00107
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32129581
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Comparison of heart failure and 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in chest CT features and clinical characteristics
AU  - Zhu, Z. W.
AU  - Tang, J. J.
AU  - Chai, X. P.
AU  - Fang, Z. F.
AU  - Liu, Q. M.
AU  - Hu, X. Q.
AU  - Xu, D. Y.
AU  - Tang, L.
AU  - Tai, S.
AU  - Wu, Y. Z.
AU  - Zhou, S. H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To identify the characteristics including clinical features and pulmonary computed tomography (CT) features of heart failure and novel coronavirus pneumonia(COVID-19). Methods: This study was a retrospective study. A total of 7 patients with Heart failure and 12 patients with COVID-19 in the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University between December 1, 2019 and February 15, 2020 were enrolled. The baseline clinical and imaging features of the two groups were statistically analyzed. Results: There was no significant difference in age and sex between the two groups, but the incidence of epidemiological contact history, fever or respiratory symptoms in the COVID-19 group was significantly higher than that in the heart failure group (12/12 vs. 2/7, P=0.001; 12/12 vs. 4/7, P<0.001). While the proportion of cardiovascular diseases and impaired cardiac function was significantly less than that of the heart failure group(2/12 vs.7/7, P<0.001; 0/12 vs.7/7, P<0.001). For imaging features, both groups had ground-glass opacity and thickening of interlobular septum, but the ratio of central and gradient distribution was higher in patients with heart failure than that in patients with COVID-19 (4/7 vs. 1/12, P=0.04). In heart failure group, the ratio of the expansion of small pulmonary veins was also higher (3/7 vs. 0, P=0.013), and the lung lesions can be significantly improved after effective anti-heart failure treatment. Besides, there are more disease with rounded morphology in COVID-19 (9/12 vs. 2/7, P=0.048) . Conclusions: More patients with COVID-19 have epidemiological history and fever or respiratory symptoms. There are significant differences in chest CT features, such as enlargement of pulmonary veins, lesions distribution and morphology between heart failure and COVID-19.
JO  - Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 48
IS  - 0
PG  - E007-E007
SP  - E007
EP  - E007
AN  - 32129583
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20200218-00093
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32129583
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Treatment and Outcome of a Lung Cancer Patient Infected with SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Zhang, Hongyan
AU  - Huang, Yihua
AU  - Xie, Conghua
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Thoracic Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtho.2020.02.025
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S155608642030191X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Iranian mental health during the COVID-19 epidemic
AU  - Zandifar, Atefeh
AU  - Badrfam, Rahim
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Asian Journal of Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101990
SP  - 101990
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.101990
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876201820300988
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The deadly coronaviruses: The 2003 SARS pandemic and the 2020 novel coronavirus epidemic in China
AU  - Yang, Yongshi
AU  - Peng, Fujun
AU  - Wang, Runsheng
AU  - Guan, Kai
AU  - Jiang, Taijiao
AU  - Xu, Guogang
AU  - Sun, Jinlyu
AU  - Chang, Christopher
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The 2019-nCoV is officially called SARS-CoV-2 and is the cause of the disease named COVID-19. This viral epidemic in China has led to the deaths of over 1800 people, mostly elderly or those with an underlying chronic disease or immunosuppressed state. This is the third serious Coronavirus outbreak in less than 20 years, following SARS in 2002–2003 and MERS in 2012. While human strains of Coronavirus are associated with about 15% of cases of the common cold, the SARS-CoV-2 may present with varying degrees of severity, from flu-like symptoms to death. It is currently believed that this deadly Coronavirus strain originated from wild animals at the Huanan market in Wuhan, a city in Hubei province. Bats, snakes and pangolins have been cited as potential carriers based on the sequence homology of CoV isolated from these animals and the viral nucleic acids of the virus isolated from SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. Extreme quarantine measures, including sealing off large cities, closing borders and confining people to their homes, were instituted in January 2020 to prevent spread of the virus, but by that time much of the damage had been done, as human-human transmission became evident. While these quarantine measures are necessary and have prevented a historical disaster along the lines of the Spanish flu, earlier recognition and earlier implementation of quarantine measures may have been even more effective. Lessons learned from SARS resulted in faster determination of the nucleic acid sequence and a more robust quarantine strategy. However, it is clear that finding an effective antiviral and developing a vaccine are still significant challenges. The costs of the epidemic are not limited to medical aspects, as the virus has led to significant sociological, psychological and economic effects globally. Unfortunately, emergence of SARS-CoV-2 has led to numerous reports of Asians being subjected to racist behavior and hate crimes across the world.
JO  - Journal of Autoimmunity
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 102434
SP  - 102434
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaut.2020.102434
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0896841120300470
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - New thinking in the treatment of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - Yang, Qing-Xin
AU  - Zhao, Ting-Hui
AU  - Sun, Chong-Zhou
AU  - Wu, Li-Meng
AU  - Dai, Qiang
AU  - Wang, Shuai-dao
AU  - Tian, Hui
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101131
SP  - 101131
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctcp.2020.101131
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1744388120302139
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel coronavirus infection and pregnancy
AU  - Yang, H.
AU  - Wang, C.
AU  - Poon, L. C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Clinical manifestation of COVID-19 infection during pregnancy Due to the physiological changes in their immune and cardiopulmonary systems, pregnant women are more likely to develop severe illness after infection with respiratory viruses. In 2009, pregnant women accounted for 1% of patients infected with influenza A subtype H1N1 virus, but they accounted for 5% of all H1N1-related deaths6. In addition, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), two notable strains of the coronavirus family, are both known to be responsible for severe complications during pregnancy, including the need for endotracheal intubation, admission to an intensive care unit (ICU), renal failure and death7, 8. Interestingly, the impact of COVID-19 infection on pregnant women appears to be less severe. Chen et al.9 reported the clinical characteristics of nine pregnant women with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 in the third trimester, which comprised mainly fever and cough. Other symptoms included myalgia, malaise, sore throat, diarrhea and shortness of breath. Data from laboratory tests showed that the majority of patients had lymphopenia and increased C-reactive protein, and chest CT scans showed multiple patchy ground-glass shadows in the lungs. Pregnancy complications that appeared after the onset of COVID-19 infection included fetal distress in two of nine patients and premature rupture of the membranes in two of nine patients. None of the patients developed severe COVID-19 pneumonia or died. Another series10 of nine pregnant women with COVID-19 pneumonia presenting from mid-trimester onwards, or during the postpartum period, reported similar findings except for one woman requiring ICU care and ventilation for acute respiratory distress syndrome after the infection was diagnosed 2?days postpartum. In general, both studies reported that the clinical characteristics of the pregnant women with COVID-19 pneumonia were similar to those of non-pregnant adult patients who developed COVID-19 pneumonia2-4. These observations are also in line with what has been learned about COVID-19 pneumonia in pregnancy in several other hospitals in Wuhan, China. Pregnant healthcare professionals should follow risk-assessment and infection-control guidelines following exposure to patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19. Adherence to recommended infection prevention and control practices is an important part of protecting all healthcare professionals in clinical settings11.
JO  - Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/uog.22006
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.22006
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Taking the right measures to control COVID-19
AU  - Xiao, Yonghong
AU  - Torok, Mili Estee
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - First, although COVID-19 is spread by the airborne route, air disinfection of cities and communities is not known to be effective for disease control and needs to be stopped. The widespread practice of spraying disinfectant and alcohol in the sky, on roads, vehicles, and personnel has no value; moreover, large quantities of alcohol and disinfectant are potentially harmful to humans and should be avoided.3 , 4 Second, in the use of personal protective equipment, we should try to distinguish different risk factors, adopt different epidemic prevention measures, and reduce the waste of personal protective equipment, as these resources are already in short supply. Although surgical masks are in widespread use by the general population, there is no evidence that these masks prevent the acquisition of COVID-19, although they might slightly reduce the spread from an infected patient. High-filtration masks such as N95 masks and protective clothing (goggles and gowns) should be used in hospitals where health-care workers are in direct contact with infected patients.5 Third, the practice of blocking traffic and lockdown of villages is of no value for the prevention and control of COVID-19. Since the outbreak of COVID-19, some countries have suspended flights to and from China, and prevented Chinese people from travelling to their countries; both of these actions violate WHO International Health Regulations.6 Similarly, in community prevention and control of the disease, the measures taken by individual villages and communities to seal off roads are of no value.7 Such measures could result in civil unrest and reduce compliance with infection prevention and control advice. Fourth, public health education must be based on scientific evidence to reduce the anxiety and distress caused by misinformation. In particular, epidemiological findings need to be reported in a timely and objective manner so that they can be accurately assessed and interpreted. The risk of transmission with brief contact (less than 15 min face-to-face contact) or infection onset after 14 days of exposure to a known infected person (the estimated maximum incubation period) is low and should not be over-exaggerated. Misinformation spreads panic among the general population and is not conducive to implementation of epidemic control measures.8 Fifth, WHO has made it clear that there are currently no known effective treatments for COVID-19 and does not recommend the use of antiviral drugs, antibiotics, glucocorticoids, or traditional Chinese medicine. Despite this, there have been reports of the use of oseltamivir, lopinavir/ritonavir, prednisone, antibiotics, and traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of patients with COVID-19.9 Care should be taken to not give patients drugs of unknown efficacy, which might be detrimental to critically ill patients with COVID-19; clinical trials are urgently required in this context.10 Likewise, the development of a vaccine is an urgent public health priority.
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30152-3
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30152-3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Evidence for gastrointestinal infection of SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Xiao, Fei
AU  - Tang, Meiwen
AU  - Zheng, Xiaobin
AU  - Liu, Ye
AU  - Li, Xiaofeng
AU  - Shan, Hong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Gastroenterology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2020.02.055
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016508520302821
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical and CT features in pediatric patients with COVID-19 infection: Different points from adults
AU  - Xia, Wei
AU  - Shao, Jianbo
AU  - Guo, Yu
AU  - Peng, Xuehua
AU  - Li, Zhen
AU  - Hu, Daoyu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Purpose To discuss the different characteristics of clinical, laboratory, and chest computed tomography (CT) in pediatric patients from adults with 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infection. Methods The clinical, laboratory, and chest CT features of 20 pediatric inpatients with COVID-19 infection confirmed by pharyngeal swab COVID-19 nucleic acid test were retrospectively analyzed during 23 January and 8 February 2020. The clinical and laboratory information was obtained from inpatient records. All the patients were undergone chest CT in our hospital. Results Thirteen pediatric patients (13/20, 65%) had an identified history of close contact with COVID-19 diagnosed family members. Fever (12/20, 60%) and cough (13/20, 65%) were the most common symptoms. For laboratory findings, procalcitonin elevation (16/20, 80%) should be pay attention to, which is not common in adults. Coinfection (8/20, 40%) is common in pediatric patients. A total of 6 patients presented with unilateral pulmonary lesions (6/20, 30%), 10 with bilateral pulmonary lesions (10/20, 50%), and 4 cases showed no abnormality on chest CT (4/20, 20%). Consolidation with surrounding halo sign was observed in 10 patients (10/20, 50%), ground-glass opacities were observed in 12 patients (12/20, 60%), fine mesh shadow was observed in 4 patients (4/20, 20%), and tiny nodules were observed in 3 patients (3/20, 15%). Conclusion Procalcitonin elevation and consolidation with surrounding halo signs were common in pediatric patients which were different from adults. It is suggested that underlying coinfection may be more common in pediatrics, and the consolidation with surrounding halo sign which is considered as a typical sign in pediatric patients.
JO  - Pediatric Pulmonology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/ppul.24718
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/ppul.24718
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Can we contain the COVID-19 outbreak with the same measures as for SARS?
AU  - Wilder-Smith, Annelies
AU  - Chiew, Calvin J.
AU  - Lee, Vernon J.
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - The severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak in 2003 resulted in more than 8000 cases and 800 deaths. SARS was eventually contained by means of syndromic surveillance, prompt isolation of patients, strict enforcement of quarantine of all contacts, and in some areas top-down enforcement of community quarantine. By interrupting all human-to-human transmission, SARS was effectively eradicated. By contrast, by Feb 28, 2020, within a matter of 2 months since the beginning of the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), more than 82?000 confirmed cases of COVID-19 have been reported with more than 2800 deaths. Although there are striking similarities between SARS and COVID-19, the differences in the virus characteristics will ultimately determine whether the same measures for SARS will also be successful for COVID-19. COVID-19 differs from SARS in terms of infectious period, transmissibility, clinical severity, and extent of community spread. Even if traditional public health measures are not able to fully contain the outbreak of COVID-19, they will still be effective in reducing peak incidence and global deaths. Exportations to other countries need not result in rapid large-scale outbreaks, if countries have the political will to rapidly implement countermeasures.
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30129-8
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30129-8
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A glimpse into the origins of genetic diversity in SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Wertheim, Joel O.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clin Infect Dis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - ciaa213
SP  - ciaa213
EP  - 
AN  - 32129842
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa213
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32129842
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pneumonia: Serial Computer Tomography Findings
AU  - Wei, J.
AU  - Xu, H.
AU  - Xiong, J.
AU  - Shen, Q.
AU  - Fan, B.
AU  - Ye, C.
AU  - Dong, W.
AU  - Hu, F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - From December 2019, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia (formerly known as the 2019 novel Coronavirus [2019-nCoV]) broke out in Wuhan, China. In this study, we present serial CT findings in a 40-year-old female patient with COVID-19 pneumonia who presented with the symptoms of fever, chest tightness, and fatigue. She was diagnosed with COVID-19 infection confirmed by real-time reverse-transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. CT showed rapidly progressing peripheral consolidations and ground-glass opacities in both lungs. After treatment, the lesions were shown to be almost absorbed leaving the fibrous lesions.
JO  - Korean journal of radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3348/kjr.2020.0112
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L631079812 http://dx.doi.org/10.3348/kjr.2020.0112
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Unique epidemiological and clinical features of the emerging 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) implicate special control measures
AU  - Wang, Yixuan
AU  - Wang, Yuyi
AU  - Chen, Yan
AU  - Qin, Qingsong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract By Feb 27th, 2020, the outbreak of COVID-19 caused 82623 confirmed cases and 2858 deaths globally, more than Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) (8273 cases, 775 deaths) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) (1139 cases, 431 deaths) caused in 2003 and 2013 respectively. COVID-19 has spread to 46 countries internationally. Total fatality rate of COVID-19 is estimated at 3.46% by far based on published data from Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC). Average incubation period of COVID-19 is around 6.4 days, ranges from 0-24 days. The basic reproductive number (R0) of COVID-19 ranges from 2-3.5 at the early phase regardless of different prediction models, which is higher than SARS and MERS. A study from China CDC showed majority of patients (80.9%) were considered asymptomatic or mild pneumonia but released large amounts of viruses at the early phase of infection, which posed enormous challenges for containing the spread of COVID-19. Nosocomial transmission was another severe problem. 3019 health workers were infected by Feb 12, 2020, which accounted for 3.83% of total number of infections, and extremely burdened the health system, especially in Wuhan. Limited epidemiological and clinical data suggest that the disease spectrum of COVID-19 may differ from SARS or MERS. We summarize latest literatures on genetic, epidemiological, and clinical features of COVID-19 in comparison to SARS and MERS and emphasize special measures on diagnosis and potential interventions. This review will improve our understanding of the unique features of COVID-19 and enhance our control measures in the future. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25748
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25748
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Association between 2019-nCoV transmission and N95 respirator use
AU  - Wang, Xinghuan
AU  - Pan, Zhenyu
AU  - Cheng, Zhenshun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Hospital Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2020.02.021
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0195670120300979
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Exploring the reasons for healthcare workers infected with novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China
AU  - Wang, Jiancong
AU  - Zhou, Mouqing
AU  - Liu, Fangfei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Hospital Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2020.03.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0195670120301018
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Of chloroquine and COVID-19
AU  - Touret, Franck
AU  - de Lamballerie, Xavier
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Recent publications have brought attention to the possible benefit of chloroquine, a broadly used antimalarial drug, in the treatment of patients infected by the novel emerged coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). The scientific community should consider this information in light of previous experiments with chloroquine in the field of antiviral research.
JO  - Antiviral Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 104762
SP  - 104762
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.antiviral.2020.104762
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166354220301145
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: too little, too late?
AU  - The, Lancet
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10226
PG  - 755
SP  - 755
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30522-5
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673620305225
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Air Medical Evacuation of Nepalese Citizen During Epidemic of COVID-19 from Wuhan to Nepal
AU  - Thapa, Bibek Rajbhandari
AU  - Naveen, Phuyal
AU  - Bikal, Shrestha
AU  - Moon
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, the world was disrupted by the news of a new strain of virus known as Novel Corona virus, taking lives of many in China. Wuhan, the capital of Central China’s Hubei province is said to be the place where the outbreak started. The city went on a lockdown as the disease spread rapidly. After the lockdown, most countries like India and Bangladesh airlifted their citizens who were studying in Wuhan. Similarly, Nepal also has many youth studying medicine in Wuhan. Pleas for help from the students reached the government. This was a first encounter of such experience for Nepal government. With the help of Health Emergency Organizing committee, Epidemiology and Disease Control Division, Nepal Army Hospital, Nepal Police Hospital, Waste Management team, Nepal Ambulance service, Tribhuwan Airport and Royal Airlines the government of Nepal planned, organized and successfully brought back all the 175 students on 15 the February, 2019 from Wuhan, China. The aim of the present article is to share the experience, the challenges faced and recommendations for future similar cases.
JO  - Journal of Nepal Medical Association
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 58
IS  - 222
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.31729/jnma.4857
UR  - https://doaj.org/article/f9912d1b75164c7ab02161ee91375552
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Updated rapid risk assessment from ECDC on the outbreak of COVID-19: increased transmission globally
AU  - team, Eurosurveillance editorial
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) provides regularly updated information on coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) relevant to Europe on a dedicated webpage. Besides general information including Q&As, daily case counts, and maps with disease distribution, examples of latest updates comprise: Resource estimation for contact tracing, quarantine and monitoring activities for COVID-19 cases in the EU/EEA, Guidance for wearing and removing personal protective equipment in healthcare settings for the care of patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 and Checklist for hospitals preparing for the reception and care of coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) patients. ECDC also publishes regular risk assessments and the Box below contains the summary from the fifth update published on 2 March 2020.%U https://eurosurveillance.org/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.9.2003051
JO  - Eurosurveillance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 25
IS  - 9
PG  - 2003051
SP  - 2003051
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.9.2003051
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Emergency management for preventing and controlling nosocomial infection of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for the dermatology department
AU  - Tao, J.
AU  - Song, Z.
AU  - Yang, L.
AU  - Huang, C.
AU  - Feng, A.
AU  - Man, X.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Summary As of Feb 15, 2019, the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) has rapidly spread throughout China and across the world with more than 60,000 laboratory-confirmed cases. Due to the current lack of specific treatment and the risk of transmission during the viral incubation period, infection prevention and control of 2019-nCoV are both urgent and critical to global health. In this article, we aim to highlight the necessity of implementing protective measures, and recommend how to set proper emergency management plans for preventing and controlling nosocomial infection of 2019-nCoV in dermatology departments.
JO  - British Journal of Dermatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/bjd.19011
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.19011
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - First cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the WHO European Region, 24 January to 21 February 2020
AU  - Spiteri, Gianfranco
AU  - Fielding, James
AU  - Diercke, Michaela
AU  - Campese, Christine
AU  - Enouf, Vincent
AU  - Gaymard, Alexandre
AU  - Bella, Antonino
AU  - Sognamiglio, Paola
AU  - Sierra Moros, Maria José
AU  - Riutort, Antonio Nicolau
AU  - Demina, Yulia V.
AU  - Mahieu, Romain
AU  - Broas, Markku
AU  - Bengnér, Malin
AU  - Buda, Silke
AU  - Schilling, Julia
AU  - Filleul, Laurent
AU  - Lepoutre, Agnès
AU  - Saura, Christine
AU  - Mailles, Alexandra
AU  - Levy-Bruhl, Daniel
AU  - Coignard, Bruno
AU  - Bernard-Stoecklin, Sibylle
AU  - Behillil, Sylvie
AU  - van der Werf, Sylvie
AU  - Valette, Martine
AU  - Lina, Bruno
AU  - Riccardo, Flavia
AU  - Nicastri, Emanuele
AU  - Casas, Inmaculada
AU  - Larrauri, Amparo
AU  - Salom Castell, Magdalena
AU  - Pozo, Francisco
AU  - Maksyutov, Rinat A.
AU  - Martin, Charlotte
AU  - Van Ranst, Marc
AU  - Bossuyt, Nathalie
AU  - Siira, Lotta
AU  - Sane, Jussi
AU  - Tegmark-Wisell, Karin
AU  - Palmérus, Maria
AU  - Broberg, Eeva K.
AU  - Beauté, Julien
AU  - Jorgensen, Pernille
AU  - Bundle, Nick
AU  - Pereyaslov, Dmitriy
AU  - Adlhoch, Cornelia
AU  - Pukkila, Jukka
AU  - Pebody, Richard
AU  - Olsen, Sonja
AU  - Ciancio, Bruno Christian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A cluster of pneumonia of unknown origin was identified in Wuhan, China, in December 2019 [1]. On 12 January 2020, Chinese authorities shared the sequence of a novel coronavirus termed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) isolated from some clustered cases [2]. Since then, the disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 has been named coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). As at 21 February 2020, the virus had spread rapidly mostly within China but also to 28 other countries, including in the World Health Organization (WHO) European Region [3-5]. Here we describe the epidemiology of the first cases of COVID-19 in this region, excluding cases reported in the United Kingdom (UK), as at 21 February 2020. The study includes a comparison between cases detected among travellers from China and cases whose infection was acquired due to subsequent local transmission.%R doi:https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.9.2000178
JO  - Eurosurveillance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 25
IS  - 9
PG  - 2000178
SP  - 2000178
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://eurosurveillance.org/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.9.2000178
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Quantitative computed tomography analysis for stratifying the severity of Coronavirus Disease 2019
AU  - Shen, Cong
AU  - Yu, Nan
AU  - Cai, Shubo
AU  - Zhou, Jie
AU  - Sheng, Jiexin
AU  - Liu, Kang
AU  - Zhou, Heping
AU  - Guo, Youmin
AU  - Niu, Gang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Purpose To examine the feasibility of using a computer tool for stratifying the severity of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) based on computed tomography (CT) images. Materials and methods We retrospectively examined 44 confirmed COVID-19 cases. All cases were evaluated separately by radiologists (visually) and through an in-house computer software. The degree of lesions was visually scored by the radiologist, as follows, for each of the 5 lung lobes: 0, no lesion present; 1, <1/3 involvement; 2, >1/3 and < 2/3 involvement; and 3, >2/3 involvement. Lesion density was assessed based on the proportion of ground-glass opacity (GGO), consolidation and fibrosis of the lesions. The parameters obtained using the computer tool included lung volume (mL), lesion volume (mL), lesion percentage (%), and mean lesion density (HU) of the whole lung, right lung, left lung, and each lobe. The scores obtained by the radiologists and quantitative results generated by the computer software were tested for correlation. A Chi-square test was used to test the consistency of radiologist- and computer-derived lesion percentage in the right/left lung, upper/lower lobe, and each of the 5 lobes. Result The results showed a strong to moderate correlation between lesion percentage scores obtained by radiologists and the computer software (r ranged from 0.7679 to 0.8373, P < 0.05), and a moderate correlation between the proportion of GGO and mean lesion density (r = −0.5894, P < 0.05), and proportion of consolidation and mean lesion density (r = 0.6282, P < 0.05). Computer-aided quantification showed a statistical significant higher lesion percentage for lower lobes than that assessed by the radiologists (χ2 = 8.160, P = 0.004). Conclusions Our experiments demonstrated that the computer tool could reliably and accurately assess the severity and distribution of pneumonia on CT scans.
JO  - Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpha.2020.03.004
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095177920302264
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Audio Interview: What Clinicians Need to Know in Diagnosing and Treating Covid-19
AU  - Rubin, Eric J.
AU  - Baden, Lindsey R.
AU  - Morrissey, Stephen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - N Engl J Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 382
IS  - 10
PG  - e19-e19
SP  - e19
EP  - e19
AN  - 32130833
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMe2004244
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32130833
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Traditional Chinese Medicine for COVID-19 Treatment
AU  - Ren, Jun-ling
AU  - Zhang, Ai-Hua
AU  - Wang, Xi-Jun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Pharmacological Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 104743
SP  - 104743
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104743
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1043661820307556
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A critical care perspective beyond China
AU  - Rello, Jordi
AU  - Tejada, Sofia
AU  - Userovici, Caroline
AU  - Arvaniti, Kostoula
AU  - Pugin, Jérôme
AU  - Waterer, Grant
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Anaesthesia Critical Care & Pain Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.accpm.2020.03.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352556820300333
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19): a guide for UK GPs
AU  - Razai, Mohammad S.
AU  - Doerholt, Katja
AU  - Ladhani, Shamez
AU  - Oakeshott, Pippa
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - What you need to knowConsider covid-19 infection in anyone with cough, fever, or breathlessness who has had contact with someone with covid-19, or has returned from a high risk area in the 14 days before the onset of symptomsEvery effort should be made to avoid in-person assessment of patients with possible covid-19 in primary careGP surgeries should plan ahead and develop clear protocols for managing possible cases, including isolation procedures, personal protective equipment, seeking specialist advice, and decontaminationIf covid-19 infection is suspected in someone attending the practice, isolate the patient in a room (away from other patients and staff), close the door, and ask the patient to call NHS 111The guidance may change so it is essential to look at the latest guidance online (box 1)The UK recorded its first confirmed case of acute respiratory infection due to coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) on 31 January 2020 and responded by quarantining at-risk individuals to contain the spread of infection. Executive agencies Public Health England (PHE)1 and Health Protection Scotland (HPS) have since published guidance to healthcare providers on managing patients suspected to have the disease.Guidance for the public and health professionals varies internationally, depending partly on risk levels and healthcare systems, and is being regularly updated.This article offers a practical guide for GPs and others working in UK primary care on when to suspect covid-19 and how to respond. It is based on current UK guidance at the time of publication. We recommend readers consult the latest guidance (box 1).Box 1 Essential resourcescovid-19: latest case definition, investigation, and initial clinical management of possible cases:https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/wuhan-novel-coronavirus-initial-investigation-of-possible-cases/investigation-and-initial-clinical-management-of-possible-cases-of-wuhan-novel-coronavirus-wn-cov-infectionCoronavirus: latest information and advice including updated list of high risk countries:https://www.gov.uk/guidance/wuhan-novel-coronavirus-information-for-the-publicGuidance on isolation of healthcare workers:https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/novel-coronavirus-2019-ncov-guidance-for-healthcare-providers-with-staff-who-have-travelled-to-china/guidance-for-healthcare-providers-healthcare-workers-who-have-travelled-to-chinaFind your local Health Protection Team in England:https://www.gov.uk/health-protection-teamcovid-19: interim guidance … RETURN TO TEXT
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m800
SP  - m800
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m800
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/content/368/bmj.m800.abstract
NS  - 
N1  - Qingxia Zhong (2020-04-14 23:10:44)(Included): correction added: 48061; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Evaluation of a quantitative RT-PCR assay for the detection of the emerging coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 using a high throughput system
AU  - Pfefferle, Susanne
AU  - Reucher, Svenja
AU  - Nörz, Dominic
AU  - Lütgehetmann, Marc
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The ability to quickly confirm or clear suspected cases is crucial during global outbreak scenarios, especially when clinical manifestations are difficult to distinguish from other respiratory infections such as influenza, molecular diagnostics is key for detection of the emerging virus. A variety of suitable assays were made available early on during the course of the outbreak, notably by Corman et al. and others [4,5]. However, their implementation in the diagnostics laboratory usually relies on manual PCR setups requiring a high degree of human interaction for execution and interpretation, thus limiting their capacity to be scaled up for handling large numbers of samples. In this study we report the analytical evaluation of a laboratory-developed test for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 using the open channel (utility channel) of the cobas 6800 system.%U https://eurosurveillance.org/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.9.2000152
JO  - Eurosurveillance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 25
IS  - 9
PG  - 2000152
SP  - 2000152
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.9.2000152
UR  - 
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Li Wenliang, a face to the frontline healthcare worker? The first doctor to notify the emergence of the SARS-CoV-2, (COVID-19), outbreak
AU  - Petersen, Eskild
AU  - Hui, David
AU  - Hamer, Davidson H.
AU  - Blumberg, Lucille
AU  - Madoff, Lawrence C.
AU  - Pollack, Marjorie
AU  - Lee, Shui Shan
AU  - McLellan, Susan
AU  - Memish, Ziad
AU  - Praharaj, Ira
AU  - Wasserman, Sean
AU  - Ntoumi, Francine
AU  - Azhar, Esam Ibraheem
AU  - McHugh, Timothy D.
AU  - Kock, Richard
AU  - Ippolito, Guiseppe
AU  - Zumla, Ali
AU  - Koopmans, Marion
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.02.052
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971220301119
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Understanding the emerging coronavirus: what it means for health security and infection prevention
AU  - Peters, Alexandra
AU  - Vetter, Pauline
AU  - Guitart, Chloé
AU  - Lotfinejad, Nasim
AU  - Pittet, Didier
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Hospital Infection
PB  - 
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AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2020.02.023
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0195670120300992
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Practical experiences and suggestions on the eagle-eyed observer, a novel promising role for controlling nosocomial infection of the COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Peng, Jianhui
AU  - Ren, Nina
AU  - Wang, Mingke
AU  - Zhang, Gangqing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Hospital Infection
PB  - 
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EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2020.02.020
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0195670120300967
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Serial interval of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infections
AU  - Nishiura, Hiroshi
AU  - Linton, Natalie M.
AU  - Akhmetzhanov, Andrei R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To estimate the serial interval of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) from information on 28 infector-infectee pairs. Methods We collected dates of illness onset for primary cases (infectors) and secondary cases (infectees) from published research articles and case investigation reports. We subjectively ranked the credibility of the data and performed analyses on both the full dataset (n = 28) and a subset of pairs with highest certainty in reporting (n = 18). In addition, we adjust for right truncation of the data as the epidemic is still in its growth phase. Results Accounting for right truncation and analyzing all pairs, we estimated the median serial interval at 4.0 days (95% credible interval [CrI]: 3.1, 4.9). Limiting our data to only the most certain pairs, the median serial interval was estimated at 4.6 days (95% CrI: 3.5, 5.9). Conclusions The serial interval of COVID-19 is close to or shorter than its median incubation period. This suggests that a substantial proportion of secondary transmission may occur prior to illness onset. The COVID-19 serial interval is also shorter than the serial interval of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), indicating that calculations made using the SARS serial interval may introduce bias.
JO  - International Journal of Infectious Diseases
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AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.02.060
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971220301193
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus latest: children are as susceptible as adults, study suggests
AU  - Nature
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Updates on the respiratory illness that has infected tens of thousands of people and killed thousands. Children are just as likely to get infected with the new coronavirus as adults, finds one of the most detailed studies yet published on the spread of the virus, known as SARS-CoV-2. The analysis — based on data from Shenzhen, China — provides a partial answer to one of the most pressing questions surrounding the outbreak: the role of children.
JO  - Nature
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DO  - 
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00154-w
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Respiratory support for patients with COVID-19 infection
AU  - Ñamendys-Silva, Silvio A.
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - As of Feb 27, 2020, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has affected 47 countries and territories around the world.1 Xiaobo Yang and colleagues2 described 52 of 710 patients with confirmed COVID-19 admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) in Wuhan, China. 29 (56%) of 52 patients were given non-invasive ventilation at ICU admission, of whom 22 (76%) required further orotracheal intubation and invasive mechanical ventilation. The ICU mortality rate among those who required non-invasive ventilation was 23 (79%) of 29 and among those who required invasive mechanical ventilation was 19 (86%) of 22.2 Jonathan Chun-Hei Cheung and colleagues3 do not recommend use of a high-flow nasal cannula or non-invasive ventilation until the patient has viral clearance. Supporting the recommendation of the authors, I would like to add some points in relation to the use of high-flow nasal oxygen therapy and non-invasive ventilation in patients with COVID-19 infection: First, although exhaled air dispersion during high-flow nasal oxygen therapy and non-invasive ventilation via different interfaces is restricted, provided that there is a good mask interface fitting,4 not all hospitals around the world have access to such interfaces or enough personal-protective equipment of sufficiently high quality (ie, considered fit-tested particulate respirators, N95 or equivalent, or higher level of protection) for aerosol-generating procedures, and several hospitals do not have a negative pressure isolation room. Of 1688 health-care workers who have become infected with COVID-19, five (0·3%) have died;5 a sign of the vastly difficult working conditions for health-care workers.
JO  - The Lancet Respiratory Medicine
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DO  - 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30110-7
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30110-7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: 90% of cases will hit NHS over nine week period, chief medical officer warns
AU  - Mahase, Elisabeth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Nearly all covid-19 cases will hit the NHS in a “heavily concentrated” burst, with 50% of cases predicted to happen over a three week period and 90% over nine weeks, says the chief medical officer for England, Chris Whitty.Speaking to the Health and Social Care Committee on 5 March, Whitty said that the NHS would be put under huge pressure and would have to push some routine care to before or after the expected peak of cases.Adding more detail to the government’s suggestion1 that retired doctors could be called “back to duty,” he said that doctors who had retired in the past two to three years would be considered and that he was “confident” that many would …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m918
SP  - m918
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m918
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/content/368/bmj.m918.abstract
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Effects of progressive muscle relaxation on anxiety and sleep quality in patients with COVID-19
AU  - Liu, Kai
AU  - Chen, Ying
AU  - Wu, Duozhi
AU  - Lin, Ruzheng
AU  - Wang, Zaisheng
AU  - Pan, Liqing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-19) will experience high levels of anxiety and low sleep quality due to isolation treatment. Some sleep-improving drugs may inhibit the respiratory system and worsen the condition. Prolonged bedside instruction may increase the risk of medical infections. Objective To investigate the effect of progressive muscle relaxation on anxiety and sleep quality of COVID-19. Methods In this randomized controlled clinical trial, a total of 51 patients who entered the isolation ward were included in the study and randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group used progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) technology for 30 min per day for 5 consecutive days. During this period, the control group received only routine care and treatment. Before and after the intervention, the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Scale (STAI) and Sleep State Self-Rating Scale (SRSS) were used to measure and record patient anxiety and sleep quality. Finally, data analysis was performed using SPSS 25.0 software. Results The average anxiety score (STAI) before intervention was not statistically significant (P = 0.730), and the average anxiety score after intervention was statistically significant (P < 0.001). The average sleep quality score (SRSS) of the two groups before intervention was not statistically significant (P = 0.838), and it was statistically significant after intervention (P < 0.001). Conclusion Progressive muscle relaxation as an auxiliary method can reduce anxiety and improve sleep quality in patients with COVID-19.
JO  - Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101132
SP  - 101132
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctcp.2020.101132
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1744388120302784
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Procalcitonin in patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a meta-analysis
AU  - Lippi, Giuseppe
AU  - Plebani, Mario
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinica Chimica Acta
PB  - 
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AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cca.2020.03.004
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0009898120301066
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A conceptual model for the outbreak of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China with individual reaction and governmental action
AU  - Lin, Qianying
AU  - Zhao, Shi
AU  - Gao, Daozhou
AU  - Lou, Yijun
AU  - Yang, Shu
AU  - Musa, Salihu S.
AU  - Wang, Maggie H.
AU  - Cai, Yongli
AU  - Wang, Weiming
AU  - Yang, Lin
AU  - He, Daihai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The ongoing Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, originated in the end of 2019 in Wuhan, China, has claimed more than 2200 lives and posed a huge threat to global public health. The Chinese government has implemented control measures including setting up special hospitals and travel restriction to mitigate the spread. We propose conceptual models for the outbreak in Wuhan with the consideration of individual behavioural reaction and governmental actions, e.g., holiday extension, travel restriction, hospitalisation and quarantine. We employed the estimates of these two key components from the 1918 influenza pandemic in London, United Kingdom, incorporated zoonotic introductions and the emigration, then computed future trends and the reporting ratio. The model is concise in structure, and it successfully captures the course of the COVID-19 outbreak, and thus sheds light on understanding the trends of the outbreak.
JO  - International Journal of Infectious Diseases
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AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.02.058
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S120197122030117X
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel corona virus disease (COVID-19) in pregnancy: What clinical recommendations to follow?
AU  - Liang, Huan
AU  - Acharya, Ganesh
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Interim guidance has been issued by the World Health Organization (WHO) and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) on managing COVID-19, which include some recommendations specific to pregnant women mostly drawn on experience from previous coronavirus outbreaks.8, 9 Chinese expert recommendations for the care of pregnant women with suspected and confirmed COVID-9 were developed and disseminated in China quite early following the outbreak in Wuhan.10 These recommendations have been dynamic, evolving as more knowledge about epidemiology, pathogenesis, disease progression and clinical course among infected pregnant patients has been gathered. Limited clinical experience in managing pregnant women with COVID-19 and their neonates has been reported from China recently based on a case series of nine pregnancies with confirmed COVID-19 treated in Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University and 10 neonates (nine pregnancies) delivered at five different hospitals,11, 12 although many more cases (>100) of suspected or confirmed COVID-19 have been treated and delivered in several hospitals in China according to the news releases and media reports. So far, no maternal deaths have been reported. There appears to be some risk of premature rupture of membranes, preterm delivery, fetal tachycardia and fetal distress when the infection occurs in the third trimester of pregnancy. However, there is no evidence suggesting transplacental transmission based on very limited data, as the analysis of amniotic fluid, cord blood, neonatal throat swab, and breast milk samples available from six of the nine patients were found to be negative for SARS-COV-2. Whether virus shedding occurs vaginally is also not known.
JO  - Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica
PB  - 
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VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
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EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/aogs.13836
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/aogs.13836
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Role of Chest CT in Diagnosis and Management
AU  - Li, Yan
AU  - Xia, Liming
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE. The objective of our study was to determine the misdiagnosis rate of radiologists for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and evaluate the performance of chest CT in the diagnosis and management of COVID-19. The CT features of COVID-19 are reported and compared with the CT features of other viruses to familiarize radiologists with possible CT patterns. MATERIALS AND METHODS. This study included the first 51 patients with a diagnosis of COVID-19 infection confirmed by nucleic acid testing (23 women and 28 men; age range, 26-83 years) and two patients with adenovirus (one woman and one man; ages, 58 and 66 years). We reviewed the clinical information, CT images, and corresponding image reports of these 53 patients. The CT images included images from 99 chest CT examinations, including initial and follow-up CT studies. We compared the image reports of the initial CT study with the laboratory test results and identified CT patterns suggestive of viral infection. RESULTS. COVID-19 was misdiagnosed as a common infection at the initial CT study in two inpatients with underlying disease and COVID-19. Viral pneumonia was correctly diagnosed at the initial CT study in the remaining 49 patients with COVID-19 and two patients with adenovirus. These patients were isolated and obtained treatment. Ground-glass opacities (GGOs) and consolidation with or without vascular enlargement, interlobular septal thickening, and air bronchogram sign are common CT features of COVID-19. The The "reversed halo" sign and pulmonary nodules with a halo sign are uncommon CT features. The CT findings of COVID-19 overlap with the CT findings of adenovirus infection. There are differences as well as similarities in the CT features of COVID-19 compared with those of the severe acute respiratory syndrome. CONCLUSION. We found that chest CT had a low rate of missed diagnosis of COVID-19 (3.9%, 2/51) and may be useful as a standard method for the rapid diagnosis of COVID-19 to optimize the management of patients. However, CT is still limited for identifying specific viruses and distinguishing between viruses.
JO  - AJR Am J Roentgenol
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PG  - 1-7
SP  - 1
EP  - 7
AN  - 32130038
DO  - 10.2214/AJR.20.22954
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32130038
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Molecular immune pathogenesis and diagnosis of COVID-19
AU  - Li, Xiaowei
AU  - Geng, Manman
AU  - Peng, Yizhao
AU  - Meng, Liesu
AU  - Lu, Shemin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a kind of viral pneumonia with an unusual outbreak in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 has been marked as the third introduction of a highly pathogenic coronavirus into the human population after the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in the twenty-first century. In this minireview, we provide a brief introduction of the general features of SARS-CoV-2 and discuss current knowledge of molecular immune pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 on the base of the present understanding of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV infections, which may be helpful in offering novel insights and potential therapeutic targets for combating the SARS-CoV-2 infection.
JO  - Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis
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DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpha.2020.03.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095177920302045
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Effective strategies to prevent coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in hospital
AU  - Lee, Ing-Kit
AU  - Wang, Chih-Chi
AU  - Lin, Meng-Chih
AU  - Kung, Chia-Te
AU  - Lan, Kuo-Chung
AU  - Lee, Chien-Te
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Hospital Infection
PB  - 
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DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2020.02.022
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0195670120300980
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Asymptomatic carrier state, acute respiratory disease, and pneumonia due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV-2): Facts and myths
AU  - Lai, Chih-Cheng
AU  - Liu, Yen Hung
AU  - Wang, Cheng-Yi
AU  - Wang, Ya-Hui
AU  - Hsueh, Shun-Chung
AU  - Yen, Muh-Yen
AU  - Ko, Wen-Chien
AU  - Hsueh, Po-Ren
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since the emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (formerly known as the 2019 novel coronavirus [2019-nCoV]) in Wuhan, China in December 2019, which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), more than 75,000 cases have been reported in 32 countries/regions, resulting in more than 2,000 deaths worldwide. Despite the fact that most COVID-19 cases and mortalities were reported in China, the WHO has declared this outbreak as the sixth public health emergency of international concern. The COVID-19 can present as an asymptomatic carrier state, acute respiratory disease, and pneumonia. Adults represent the population with the highest infection rate; however, neonates, children, and elderly patients can also be infected by SARS-CoV-2. In addition, nosocomial infection of hospitalized patients and healthcare workers, and viral transmission from asymptomatic carriers are possible. The most common finding on chest imaging among patients with pneumonia was ground-glass opacity with bilateral involvement. Severe cases are more likely to be older patients with underlying comorbidities compared to mild cases. Indeed, age and disease severity may be correlated with the outcomes of COVID-19. To date, effective treatment is lacking; however, clinical trials investigating the efficacy of several agents, including remdesivir and chloroquine, are underway in China. Currently, effective infection control intervention is the only way to prevent the spread of SARS-CoV-2.
JO  - Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection
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DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2020.02.012
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1684118220300402
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Structural, glycosylation and antigenic variation between 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) and SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV)
AU  - Kumar, Swatantra
AU  - Maurya, Vimal K.
AU  - Prasad, Anil K.
AU  - Bhatt, Madan L. B.
AU  - Saxena, Shailendra K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The emergence of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) is of global concern and might have emerged from RNA recombination among existing coronaviruses. CoV spike (S) protein which is crucial for receptor binding, membrane fusion via conformational changes, internalization of the virus, host tissue tropism and comprises crucial targets for vaccine development, remain largely uncharacterized. Therefore, the present study has been planned to determine the sequence variation, structural and antigenic divergence of S glycoprotein which may be helpful for the management of 2019-nCoV infection. The sequences of spike glycoprotein of 2019-nCoV and SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) were used for the comparison. The sequence variations were determined using EMBOSS Needle pairwise sequence alignment tools. The variation in glycosylation sites was predicted by NetNGlyc 1.0 and validated by N-GlyDE server. Antigenicity was predicted by NetCTL 1.2 and validated by IEDB Analysis Resource server. The structural divergence was determined by using SuperPose Version 1.0 based on cryo-EM structure of the SARS coronavirus spike glycoprotein. Our data suggests that 2019-nCoV is newly spilled coronavirus into humans in China is closely related to SARS-CoV, which has only 12.8% of difference with SARS-CoV in S protein and has 83.9% similarity in minimal receptor-binding domain with SARS-CoV. Addition of a novel glycosylation sites were observed in 2019-nCoV. In addition, antigenic analysis proposes that great antigenic differences exist between both the viral strains, but some of the epitopes were found to be similar between both the S proteins. In spite of the variation in S protein amino acid composition, we found no significant difference in their structures. Collectively, for the first time our results exhibit the emergence of human 2019-nCoV is closely related to predecessor SARS-CoV and provide the evidence that 2019-nCoV uses various novel glycosylation sites as SARS-CoV and may have a potential to become pandemic owing its antigenic discrepancy. Further, demonstration of novel Cytotoxic T lymphocyte epitopes may impart opportunities for the development of peptide based vaccine for the prevention of 2019-nCoV.
JO  - VirusDisease
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AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s13337-020-00571-5
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s13337-020-00571-5
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Rapid establishment of laboratory diagnostics for the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 in Bavaria, Germany, February 2020
AU  - Konrad, Regina
AU  - Eberle, Ute
AU  - Dangel, Alexandra
AU  - Treis, Bianca
AU  - Berger, Anja
AU  - Bengs, Katja
AU  - Fingerle, Volker
AU  - Liebl, Bernhard
AU  - Ackermann, Nikolaus
AU  - Sing, Andreas
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In connection with the ongoing outbreak of a novel coronavirus in the province Hubei and surrounding areas in China, it was expected that Europe would also be confronted with the emerging severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), as infections in travellers in several Asian countries outside of China were confirmed shortly after the announcement of the outbreak in Wuhan [1-4]. Therefore, it was necessary to rapidly implement adequately quick and sensitive diagnostic assays for outbreak management of SARS-CoV-2 in public health laboratories. As soon as the World Health Organization (WHO) published the first protocols for real-time RT-PCR assays, the Bavarian Food and Health Authority started to implement them. We ordered control material and oligonucleotides (see details below) in week 4 and ran our first SARS-CoV-2 assays on 27 January (week 5). On the same day, the first German case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was diagnosed in Bavaria [1]. In the following days, health authorities implemented comprehensive measures to prevent further transmission of SARS-CoV-2, including testing of contact persons. We initially used the protocol based on the E gene and RdRp gene developed by the German Consiliary Laboratory for Coronaviruses hosted at the Charité in Berlin [5]. Real-time RT-PCR was initially performed with the QuantiTect Virus +Rox Vial kit (QIAGEN, Hilden, Germany) on the Bio-Rad CFX96 Touch Real-Time PCR Detection System (Bio-Rad, Feldkirchen, Germany). The kit was chosen for its frequent and successful use in our laboratory with other assays and its immediate availability. Primers and probes were used as described [5] and provided by TIB Molbiol (Berlin, Germany). Control material was ordered from the European Virus Archive (EVAg) and consisted of synthetic Wuhan coronavirus 2019 E gene control (reference number 026N-03866) and SARS-CoV Frankfurt 1 RNA (reference number 004N-02005) [6]. In addition, the control of LightMix Modular Wuhan CoV RdRP-gene (TibMolbiol, Berlin, Germany) was used for the SARS-CoV-2 specific assay. Respiratory samples (nasopharyngeal swabs or sputum) were obtained from patients and contact persons. Sputum samples were diluted in 2 mL phosphate buffered saline (PBS). RNA was extracted using the QIAamp Bio Robot kit (QIAGEN) on a Hamilton Microlab Star (Hamilton, Bonaduz, Switzerland). As at 1 March, 87,024 cases and 2,979 associated deaths have been reported worldwide [1]. The vast majority of the deaths (96%) have been reported in China [1]. Despite the high number of cases reported globally, estimates of the severity pyramid of disease and case fatality rate remain very uncertain; one large study conducted in China estimated that the majority (81%) of the cases were mild (i.e. non-pneumonia or mild pneumonia), 14% were severe (e.g. with dyspnoea) and 5% were in a critical condition (i.e. respiratory failure, septic shock and/or multiple organ dysfunction/failure) [2]. The case fatality ratio was 2.3% [2]. Despite extraordinary containment measures implemented in China, including the enforced lockdown of several cities and closures of schools, the virus has spread throughout the country and internationally [2]. It is too early to predict with any certainty the epidemiological developments over the coming weeks, but the possibility of widespread community transmission becoming established throughout the EU/EEA is becoming increasingly likely.
JO  - Eurosurveillance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 25
IS  - 9
PG  - 2000173
SP  - 2000173
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.9.2000173
UR  - https://eurosurveillance.org/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.9.2000173
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Arguments in favor of remdesivir for treating SARS-CoV-2 infections
AU  - Ko, Wen-Chien
AU  - Rolain, Jean-Marc
AU  - Lee, Nan-Yao
AU  - Chen, Po-Lin
AU  - Huang, Ching-Tai
AU  - Lee, Ping-Ing
AU  - Hsueh, Po-Ren
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 105933
SP  - 105933
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105933
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0924857920300832
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): An Emerging Infectious Disease in the 21st Century
AU  - Keshavarz, Ahmad Tavakoli
AU  - Katayon, Vahdat
AU  - Mohsen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background: At the beginning of the New Year 2020, China alerted the world health organization (WHO) to a cluster of unusual pneumonia cases in Wuhan. After extensive speculation, eventually a new species of coronavirus introduced as the causative pathogen of the disease. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a name for the disease, and the virus that causes it is known SARS-CoV-2. The very rapid spread of the COVID-19 in China and in many other countries has caused fear among people across the world. The novel coronavirus outbreak declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern on 30 January 2020. Materials and Methods: Several databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Google scholar, and BioRxiv were searched for publications reporting on the novel coronavirus up to 29 February 2020. Literature searches were performed using keywords including “Coronavirus 2019”, “2019-nCoV”, “COVID-19”, and “SARS-CoV-2”. Moreover, websites such as the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) were searched to retrieve updated data and statistics regarding the novel coronavirus. We extracted data on the epidemiology, pathogenesis, virology, clinical manifestations, transmission routes, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention measures. Results: From the 1416 articles identified in the initial search, 53 were remained after title and abstract screening. After full-text review, 37 articles were eligible to include in our study. Incubation period for COVID-19 is between 2-10 days, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). The case fatality rate in patients infected with SARC-CoV-2 is 4.3%, and the results indicate that the mortality is higher in elderly individuals and patients with chronic conditions including patients with coronary artery disease, diabetes, chronic pulmonary disease, and hypertension. The mortality rate in healthy subjects is less than 1%. Conclusion: The outbreak caused by the novel coronavirus is larger than the previous human coronaviruses, showing that the SARS-CoV-2 is an extremely contagious virus. However, the mortality rate of COVID-19 is lower than that of other coronaviruses diseases such as SARS or MERS and other viruses like HIV and Ebola. Currently, due to the lack of an effective treatment and vaccine, the best way to deal with the COVID-19 disease is to prevent transmission and spread of the virus and to execute personal protective measures.
JO  - Iranian South Medical Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 22
IS  - 6
PG  - 432-450
SP  - 432
EP  - 450
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://doaj.org/article/81085182025b4ba7a39faa09928e2b42
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Review of the Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
AU  - Jiang, Fang
AU  - Deng, Liehua
AU  - Zhang, Liangqing
AU  - Cai, Yin
AU  - Cheung, Chi Wai
AU  - Xia, Zhengyuan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In late December 2019, a cluster of cases with 2019 Novel Coronavirus pneumonia (SARS-CoV-2) in Wuhan, China, aroused worldwide concern. Previous studies have reported epidemiological and clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The purpose of this brief review is to summarize those published studies as of late February 2020 on the clinical features, symptoms, complications, and treatments of COVID-19 and help provide guidance for frontline medical staff in the clinical management of this outbreak.
JO  - Journal of General Internal Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11606-020-05762-w
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-020-05762-w
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prepare for a pandemic
AU  - Hurley, Richard
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A covid-19 pandemic is highly likely, warns our editorialist, the epidemiologist John Watkins (doi:10.1136/bmj.m810), and we need to plan now how to reconfigure care services to cope with the looming escalation in demand. “We should plan on the assumption that most of the population may contract the virus with few or no long term effects,” he writes, “while harnessing vital secondary healthcare resources to treat the small percentage of people who become seriously ill.”As at Tuesday 3 March the UK had confirmed 51 cases of infection (doi: …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m864
SP  - m864
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m864
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/content/368/bmj.m864.abstract
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mental health survey of 230 medical staff in a tertiary infectious disease hospital for COVID-19
AU  - Huang, J. Z.
AU  - Han, M. F.
AU  - Luo, T. D.
AU  - Ren, A. K.
AU  - Zhou, X. P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To investigate the mental health of clinical first-line medical staff in COVID-19 epidemic and provide theoretical basis for psychological intervention. Method: The mental health status of the first-line medical staff was investigated by Self-rating Anxiety Acale (SAS) and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Self-rating Scale(PTSD-SS). From February 7 to 14, 2020, 246 medical staff were investigated who participated in the treatment of COVID-19 using cluster sampling , and received 230 responses, with a recovery rate of 93.5%. Results: The incidence of anxiety in medical staff was 23.04% (53/230), and the score of SAS was (42.91 ± 10.89). Among them, the incidence of severe anxiety, moderate anxiety and mild anxiety were 2.17% (5/230), 4.78% (11/230) and 16.09% (37/230), respectively. The incidence of anxiety in female medical staff was higher than that in male [25.67% (48/187) vs 11.63% (5/43), Z=-2.008, P=0.045], the score of SAS in female medical staff was higher than that in male [(43.78±11.12) vs (39.14 ± 9.01), t =-2.548, P=0.012]. The incidence of anxiety in nurses was higher than that in doctors [26.88% (43/160) vs 14.29% (10/70), Z=-2.066, P=0.039], and the score of SAS in nurses was higher than that in doctors [(44.84±10.42) vs (38.50±10.72), t =-4.207, P<0.001]. The incidence of stress disorder in medical staff was 27.39% (63/230), and the score of PTSD-SS was (42.92 ± 17.88). The score of PTSD-SS in female medical staff was higher than that of male [(44.30±18.42) vs(36.91 ± 13.95), t=-2.472, P=0.014]. Conclusions: In COVID-19 epidemic, the incidence of anxiety and stress disorder is high among medical staff. Medical institutions should strengthen the training of psychological skills of medical staff. Special attention should be paid to the mental health of female nurses.
JO  - Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 38
IS  - 0
PG  - E001-E001
SP  - E001
EP  - E001
AN  - 32131151
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20200219-00063
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32131151
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry Depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and Is Blocked by a Clinically Proven Protease Inhibitor
AU  - Hoffmann, Markus
AU  - Kleine-Weber, Hannah
AU  - Schroeder, Simon
AU  - Krüger, Nadine
AU  - Herrler, Tanja
AU  - Erichsen, Sandra
AU  - Schiergens, Tobias S.
AU  - Herrler, Georg
AU  - Wu, Nai-Huei
AU  - Nitsche, Andreas
AU  - Müller, Marcel A.
AU  - Drosten, Christian
AU  - Pöhlmann, Stefan
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - The recent emergence of the novel, pathogenic SARS-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in China and its rapid national and international spread pose a global health emergency. Cell entry of coronaviruses depends on binding of the viral spike (S) proteins to cellular receptors and on S protein priming by host cell proteases. Unravelling which cellular factors are used by SARS-CoV-2 for entry might provide insights into viral transmission and reveal therapeutic targets. Here, we demonstrate that SARS-CoV-2 uses the SARS-CoV receptor ACE2 for entry and the serine protease TMPRSS2 for S protein priming. A TMPRSS2 inhibitor approved for clinical use blocked entry and might constitute a treatment option. Finally, we show that the sera from convalescent SARS patients cross-neutralized SARS-2-S-driven entry. Our results reveal important commonalities between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV infection and identify a potential target for antiviral intervention.
JO  - Cell
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.cell.2020.02.052
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2020.02.052
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The danger of stories in global health
AU  - Harman, Sophie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10226
PG  - 776-777
SP  - 776
EP  - 777
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30427-X
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014067362030427X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: Gastrointestinal manifestations and potential fecal-oral transmission
AU  - Gu, Jinyang
AU  - Han, Bing
AU  - Wang, Jian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Gastroenterology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2020.02.054
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S001650852030281X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Nonstructural proteins NS7b and NS8 are likely to be phylogenetically associated with evolution of 2019-nCoV
AU  - Fahmi, Muhamad
AU  - Kubota, Yukihiko
AU  - Ito, Masahiro
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The seventh novel human infecting Betacoronavirus that causes pneumonia (2019 novel coronavirus, 2019-nCoV) originated in Wuhan, China. The evolutionary relationship between 2019-nCoV and the other human respiratory illness-causing coronavirus is not closely related. We sought to characterize the relationship of the translated proteins of 2019-nCoV with other species of Orthocoronavirinae. A phylogenetic tree was constructed from the genome sequences. A cluster tree was developed from the profiles retrieved from the presence and absence of homologs of ten 2019-nCoV proteins. The combined data were used to characterize the relationship of the translated proteins of 2019-nCoV to other species of Orthocoronavirinae. Our analysis reliably suggests that 2019-nCoV is most closely related to BatCoV RaTG13 and belongs to subgenus Sarbecovirus of Betacoronavirus, together with SARS coronavirus and Bat-SARS-like coronavirus. The phylogenetic profiling cluster of homolog proteins of one annotated 2019-nCoV protein against other genome sequences revealed two clades of ten 2019-nCoV proteins. Clade 1 consisted of a group of conserved proteins in Orthocoronavirinae comprising Orf1ab polyprotein, Nucleocapsid protein, Spike glycoprotein, and Membrane protein. Clade 2 comprised six proteins exclusive to Sarbecovirus and Hibecovirus. Two of six Clade 2 nonstructural proteins, NS7b and NS8, were exclusively conserved among 2019-nCoV, BetaCoV_RaTG, and BatSARS-like Cov. NS7b and NS8 have previously been shown to affect immune response signaling in the SARS-CoV experimental model. Thus, we speculated that knowledge of the functional changes in the NS7b and NS8 proteins during evolution may provide important information to explore the human infective property of 2019-nCoV.
JO  - Infection, Genetics and Evolution
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 104272
SP  - 104272
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104272
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1567134820301039
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - With $115 million, more than 80 Boston researchers will collaborate to tackle COVID-19
AU  - Couzin-Frankel, Jennifer
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A $115 million collaboration to tackle the rapidly spreading viral disease COVID-19, led by heavy hitters of Boston science and funded by a Chinese property development company, kicked off today as the group’s leaders pledged to take on the virus on many fronts. The project brings together researchers at many of the city’s top academic institutions, along with local biotechnology companies such as Moderna. Those leading it hope they can quickly funnel money into studies that will build off a new repository of samples from infected people and community surveillance, materials that can be rapidly shared among scientists. The project, they anticipate, should answer critical questions about how COVID-19 is spreading and how best to prevent and treat infections.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb6021
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/03/115-million-more-80-boston-researchers-will-collaborate-tackle-covid-19
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine as available weapons to fight COVID-19
AU  - Colson, Philippe
AU  - Rolain, Jean-Marc
AU  - Lagier, Jean-Christophe
AU  - Brouqui, Philippe
AU  - Raoult, Didier
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 105932
SP  - 105932
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105932
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0924857920300820
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Déjà Vu or Jamais Vu? How the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Experience Influenced a Singapore Radiology Department's Response to the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Epidemic
AU  - Cheng, Lionel Tim-Ee
AU  - Chan, Lai Peng
AU  - Tan, Ban Hock
AU  - Chen, Robert Chun
AU  - Tay, Kiang Hiong
AU  - Ling, Moi Lin
AU  - Tan, Bien Soo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE. This article shares the ground operational perspective of how a tertiary hospital radiology department in Singapore is responding to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic. This same department was also deeply impacted by the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak in 2003. CONCLUSION. Though similar to SARS, the COVID-19 outbreak has several differences. We share how lessons from 2003 are applied and modified in our ongoing operational response to this evolving novel pathogen.
JO  - AJR Am J Roentgenol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-5
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
AN  - 32130047
DO  - 10.2214/AJR.20.22927
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32130047
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recurrence of positive SARS-CoV-2 RNA in COVID-19: A case report
AU  - Chen, Dabiao
AU  - Xu, Wenxiong
AU  - Lei, Ziying
AU  - Huang, Zhanlian
AU  - Liu, Jing
AU  - Gao, Zhiliang
AU  - Peng, Liang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The ongoing outbreak of COVID-19 that began in Wuhan, China, has constituted a Public Health Emergency of International Concern, with cases confirmed in multiple countries. Currently patients are the main source of infection. We report a confirmed case of COVID-19 whose oropharyngeal swab test of SARS-CoV-2 RNA turned positive in convalescence. This case highlights the importance of dynamic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 RNA for infectivity assessment.
JO  - International Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.03.003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971220301223
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2: a potential novel etiology of fulminant myocarditis
AU  - Chen, Chen
AU  - Zhou, Yiwu
AU  - Wang, Dao Wen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Herz
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00059-020-04909-z
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00059-020-04909-z
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 Infection based on CT scan vs. RT-PCR: Reflecting on Experience from MERS-CoV
AU  - Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A.
AU  - Memish, Ziad A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Hospital Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2020.03.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0195670120301006
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Remdesivir as a possible therapeutic option for the COVID-19
AU  - Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A.
AU  - Al-Homoud, Ali H.
AU  - Memish, Ziad A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101615
SP  - 101615
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101615
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893920300831
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Optimization Method for Forecasting Confirmed Cases of COVID-19 in China
AU  - Al-Qaness, Mohammed A. A.
AU  - Ewees, Ahmed A.
AU  - Fan, Hong
AU  - Abd El Aziz, Mohamed
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, a novel coronavirus, called COVID-19, was discovered in Wuhan, China, and has spread to different cities in China as well as to 24 other countries. The number of confirmed cases is increasing daily and reached 34,598 on 8 February 2020. In the current study, we present a new forecasting model to estimate and forecast the number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 in the upcoming ten days based on the previously confirmed cases recorded in China. The proposed model is an improved adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) using an enhanced flower pollination algorithm (FPA) by using the salp swarm algorithm (SSA). In general, SSA is employed to improve FPA to avoid its drawbacks (i.e., getting trapped at the local optima). The main idea of the proposed model, called FPASSA-ANFIS, is to improve the performance of ANFIS by determining the parameters of ANFIS using FPASSA. The FPASSA-ANFIS model is evaluated using the World Health Organization (WHO) official data of the outbreak of the COVID-19 to forecast the confirmed cases of the upcoming ten days. More so, the FPASSA-ANFIS model is compared to several existing models, and it showed better performance in terms of Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE), Root Mean Squared Relative Error (RMSRE), Root Mean Squared Relative Error (RMSRE), coefficient of determination ( R 2 ), and computing time. Furthermore, we tested the proposed model using two different datasets of weekly influenza confirmed cases in two countries, namely the USA and China. The outcomes also showed good performances.
JO  - J Clin Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 3
PG  - E674
SP  - E674
EP  - 
AN  - 32131537
DO  - 10.3390/jcm9030674
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32131537
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Correction to Lancet Glob Health 2020; published online Feb 28. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30074-7
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Global Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30083-8
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214109X20300838
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Internatioanl News Letter - April 2020
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Midwifery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 83
IS  - 
PG  - 102668
SP  - 102668
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2020.102668
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0266613820300413
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Protecting Chinese Healthcare Workers While Combating the 2019 Novel Coronavirus
AU  - Zhou, Pengcheng
AU  - Huang, Zebing
AU  - Xiao, Yinzong
AU  - Huang, Xun
AU  - Fan, Xue-Gong
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - Hospital-associated transmission is an important route of spreading the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection and pneumonia (Corona Virus Disease 2019, COVID-19) [1]. Healthcare workers (HCWs) are at high risk while combating COVID-19 at the very frontline, and nosocomial outbreaks among HCWs are not unusual in similar settings; the 2003 severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak led to over 966 HCW infections with 1.4% deaths in mainland China [2]. As of 11 February 2020, 3019 HCWs might have been infected with 2019-nCov in China, 1716 HCW cases were confirmed by nucleic acid testing[3], and at least 6 HCWs died, including the famous whistleblower Dr Li Wenliang. In view of this severe situation, we are recommending urgent interventions to help to protect HCWs.
JO  - Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/ice.2020.60
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/protecting-chinese-healthcare-workers-while-combating-the-2019-novel-coronavirus/03DEB8D3BF68A674ADAB3FC4EF245E40
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infection in Hangzhou: An experience to share
AU  - Diao, MengYuan
AU  - Zhang, Sheng
AU  - Chen, Dechang
AU  - Hu, Wei
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - Current situation in Hangzhou Hangzhou, the capital of Zhejiang province in China, was confronted with the pandemic of a novel coronavirus (COVID-19) that originated in Wuhan, Hubei province1 . According to the Health Commission of Zhejiang Province2 , six cases was first reported on January 19, 2020, and the cumulative cases reached 169 as of February 20, 2020. The situation in Hangzhou was once rather severe as it was once the top ranking city with respect to number of confirmed cases in Zhejiang province at the beginning of the epidemic. Since Hangzhou government took rigorous measures to contain the epidemic, positive trends have been seen. The daily number of newly confirmed cases has sharply decreased within the last week and there was only one confirmed case from February 17 to 20. Similarly, another point to be emphasized was that Hangzhou reported no deaths in its administrative region. We used a regression of log-incidence over time model3 ,which could provide a fitted trajectory for the actual daily incidence to verify the control effect. As show in Fig.1, the optimal splitting point, which was defined as the peak in number of daily new cases simulated by the model, occurred on January 25. That date was just about a week after launching the highest level of emergency public health alert and response in Hangzhou, which indicates that the prevention and control measures may be effective
JO  - Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-5
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/ice.2020.62
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/novel-coronavirus-covid19-infection-in-hangzhou-an-experience-to-share/17FC89BD070E528F33044D9488414BF3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Escalating infection control response to the rapidly evolving epidemiology of the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) due to SARS-CoV-2 in Hong Kong
AU  - Cheng, Vincent C. C.
AU  - Wong, Shuk-Ching
AU  - Chen, Jonathan H. K.
AU  - Yip, Cyril C. Y.
AU  - Chuang, Vivien W. M.
AU  - Tsang, Owen T. Y.
AU  - Sridhar, Siddharth
AU  - Chan, Jasper F. W.
AU  - Ho, Pak-Leung
AU  - Yuen, Kwok-Yung
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - Background:To describe the infection control preparedness for Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) due to SARS-CoV-2 [previously known as 2019-novel coronavirus] in the first 42 days after announcement of a cluster of pneumonia in China, on 31 December 2019 (day 1) in Hong Kong.Methods:A bundle approach of active and enhanced laboratory surveillance, early airborne infection isolation, rapid molecular diagnostic testing, and contact tracing for healthcare workers (HCWs) with unprotected exposure in the hospitals was implemented. Epidemiological characteristics of confirmed cases, environmental and air samples were collected and analyzed.Results:From day 1 to day 42, forty-two (3.3%) of 1275 patients fulfilling active (n=29) and enhanced laboratory surveillance (n=13) confirmed to have SARS-CoV-2 infection. The number of locally acquired case significantly increased from 1 (7.7%) of 13 [day 22 to day 32] to 27 (93.1%) of 29 confirmed case [day 33 to day 42] (p&lt;0.001). Twenty-eight patients (66.6%) came from 8 family clusters. Eleven (2.7%) of 413 HCWs caring these confirmed cases were found to have unprotected exposure requiring quarantine for 14 days. None of them was infected and nosocomial transmission of SARS-CoV-2 was not observed. Environmental surveillance performed in a patient with viral load of 3.3x106 copies/ml (pooled nasopharyngeal/ throat swab) and 5.9x106 copies/ml (saliva) respectively. SARS-CoV-2 revealed in 1 (7.7%) of 13 environmental samples, but not in 8 air samples collected at a distance of 10 cm from patient's chin with or without wearing a surgical mask.Conclusion:Appropriate hospital infection control measures could prevent nosocomial transmission of SARS-CoV-2.
JO  - Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-24
SP  - 1
EP  - 24
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/ice.2020.58
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/escalating-infection-control-response-to-the-rapidly-evolving-epidemiology-of-the-coronavirus-disease-2019-covid19-due-to-sarscov2-in-hong-kong/52513ACC56587859F9C601DC747EB6EC
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Transmission dynamics of the COVID-19 outbreak and effectiveness of government interventions: A data-driven analysis
AU  - Fang, Y.
AU  - Nie, Y.
AU  - Penny, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Using the parameterized SEIR model, we simulated the spread dynamics of COVID-19 outbreak and impact of different control measures, conducted the sensitivity analysis to identify the key factor, plotted the trend curve of effective reproductive number(R) and performed data fitting after the simulation. By simulation and data fitting, the model showed the peak existing confirmed cases of 59769 arriving on 15 February 2020, with coefficient of determination close to 1 and the fitting bias 3.02%, suggesting high precision of the data fitting results. More rigorous government control policies were associated with slower increase of the infected population. Isolation and protective procedures would be less effective as more cases accrue, so the optimization of treatment plan and the development of specific drugs would be of more importance. There was an upward trend of R in the beginning, followed by a downward trend, a temporary rebound and another continuous decline. The feature of high infectiousness for sars-cov-2 led to the upward trend, and government measures contributed to the temporary rebound and declines. The declines of R could be exploited as strong evidence for the effectiveness of the interventions. Evidence from the four-phase stringent measures showed that it was significant to ensure early detection, early isolation, early treatment, adequate medical supplies, patients' being admitted to designated hospitals and comprehensive therapeutic strategy. Collaborative efforts are required to combat the novel coronavirus, focusing on both persistent strict domestic interventions and vigilance against exogenous imported cases. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
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VL  - 
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PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32141624
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25750
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - And now for something completely different: from 2019-nCoV and COVID-19 to 2020-nMan
AU  - Froes, F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Infectious diseases have accompanied mankind since the beginning of humanity and have had a profound impact on the history and development of humanity and civilisation. This is natural if we are aware that microorganisms represent the majority of the biomass on planet Earth, and that there are more microorganisms, specifically bacteria, in the human body than there are cells. To be more precise, about 1012 human cells for every 1013 bacteria, as an adaptive advantage of the replication of bacteria that occurs every 20–40 min, as against tens of years in the human species. Infectious diseases, in particular pandemics and local epidemics, have influenced the course of wars, all descendants, including those of rulers, and the fate of peoples and nations.1 By way of example, we should remember the importance of malaria in the fall of the Roman Empire, the Black Death in the 14th century which killed nearly a third of the world’s population, and the impact of the “Spanish” flu pandemic of 1918–19 in Portugal, which in a few months decimated 1% of the Portuguese population and reduced average life expectancy to 20 years and, more recently, smallpox, declared eradicated by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1980 as a result of vaccination,2 and with an estimated mortality in the 20th century of between 300 and 500 million people.3 In light of this impact, it is legitimate to consider infections one of the main modellers of mankind and of present and future generations, as well as generations of the descendants of survivors. We have also been major challengers of infectious diseases in the 21st century. Most notably in 2009 and 2010, when the 2009 influenza pandemic caused by the A (H1N1) subtype strain occurred, which originated in Mexico, with a virulence rate of 5–10% of the world’s population, and an estimated mortality of 300,000 people. In Portugal there were 124 deaths, with an average age of 47.6 years, corresponding to a crude death rate of 1.17 per 100,000 inhabitants.4 However, it is in the first decades of the 21st century when the number of outstanding cases corresponded entirely to Coronaviridae of the family Coronaviridae, from the Latin corona, given its crown shape under electronic microscope. These viruses belong to a large family of RNA viruses, with abundant expression in the animal kingdom, particularly bats, and also other mammals, birds and reptiles. The first outbreak of coronavirus disease was the result of a cross-species barrier jump, originating in bats, and probably the musk cat as a secondary host, which began on November 16, 2002 and was named SARS-CoV (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome - CoronaVirus) in Guangdong Province, of the People’s Republic of China, and extended to 17 countries, including Canada, the United States of America (USA), Australia, Germany, France, Sweden, the United Kingdom and Spain. The WHO declared an end to the risk of new cases on 19 May 2004, with an estimated total of approximately 8096 cases and at least 774 deaths.5
JO  - Pulmonology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pulmoe.2020.02.010
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2531043720300398
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Advances on presymptomatic or asymptomatic carrier transmission of COVID-19]
AU  - Gao, W. J.
AU  - Li, L. M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 is rapidly spreading. Patients in incubation period and healthy carriers are possible sources for transmission. However, such sources of infection cannot be effectively identified due to the symptoms absent. The research evidence is very lacking so far, although there are a few studies suggesting that presymptomatic or asymptomatic carrier may cause COVID-19 transmission. Nearly half of the literature is in the state of preprint without peer review. The question of "the degree to which presymptomatic or asymptomatic infections can transmit" is not fully understood. There is an urgent need to screen infected carriers in larger close contacts or in the general population, and assess their risk for transmission.
JO  - Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi = Zhonghua liuxingbingxue zazhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 0
PG  - 485-488
SP  - 485
EP  - 488
AN  - 32141279
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200228-00207
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The transmission and diagnosis of 2019 novel coronavirus infection disease (COVID-19): A Chinese perspective
AU  - Han, Y.
AU  - Yang, H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), which originated in Wuhan, China, has attracted the world's attention over the last month. The Chinese government has taken emergency measures to control the outbreak and has undertaken initial steps in the diagnosis and treatment of 2019 novel coronavirus infection disease (COVID-19). However, SARS-CoV-2 possesses powerful pathogenicity as well as transmissibility and still holds many mysteries that are yet to be solved, such as whether the virus can be transmitted by asymptomatic patients or by mothers to their infants. Our research presents selected available cases of COVID-19 in China to better understand the transmission and diagnosis regarding this infectious disease. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32141619
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25749
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: GP surgeries close for two weeks after staff test positive
AU  - Iacobucci, G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m936
SP  - m936
EP  - 
AN  - 32144111
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m936
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - PCOMM
TI  - COVID-19 Update – March 2020 | Global Health | JN Learning | JAMA Ed Hub [Video recording]
AU  - JAMA
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus testing, mortality, vaccine development, containment vs mitigation, and more. Anthony S. Fauci, MD discusses the latest developments in the global spread of COVID-19 and the SARS-CoV-2 virus with JAMA Editor Howard Bauchner, MD. - What's the difference between COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2? (01:15) - What's the status and accuracy of diagnostic testing in the US? (01:58) - What's the case-fatality rate for the virus? (05:31) - Scientific advances and vaccine development (25:06) - Are current clinical trials providing a picture of treatments? (13:41) - Risk communication: how do we present information so there's faith that it's accurate? (15:24) - Risk groups (children, the elderly, pregnant women) (16:26) - Containment vs mitigation vs quarantine vs isolation (19:10) - Protecting the elderly and nursing home resident (23:52) - Public health prospects in Latin America, Africa (26:35) - Will coronavirus wane in warmer months like influenza? (27:52) - Why is anxiety so high about this disease?- Does the US have capacity to care for COVID19 infection? (31:03) - What is your daily schedule like? (32:23)
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://edhub.ama-assn.org/jn-learning/video-player/18296386
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 (Novel Coronavirus 2019) - recent trends
AU  - Kannan, S.
AU  - Shaik Syed Ali, P.
AU  - Sheeza, A.
AU  - Hemalatha, K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The World Health Organization (WHO) has issued a warning that, although the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) from Wuhan City (China), is not pandemic, it should be contained to prevent the global spread. The COVID-19 virus was known earlier as 2019-nCoV. As of 12 February 2020, WHO reported 45,171 cases and 1115 deaths related to COVID-19. COVID-19 is similar to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) virus in its pathogenicity, clinical spectrum, and epidemiology. Comparison of the genome sequences of COVID-19, SARS-CoV, and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) showed that COVID-19 has a better sequence identity with SARS-CoV compared to MERS CoV. However, the amino acid sequence of COVID-19 differs from other coronaviruses specifically in the regions of 1ab polyprotein and surface glycoprotein or S-protein. Although several animals have been speculated to be a reservoir for COVID-19, no animal reservoir has been already confirmed. COVID-19 causes COVID-19 disease that has similar symptoms as SARS-CoV. Studies suggest that the human receptor for COVID-19 may be angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor similar to that of SARS-CoV. The nucleocapsid (N) protein of COVID-19 has nearly 90% amino acid sequence identity with SARS-CoV. The N protein antibodies of SARS-CoV may cross react with COVID-19 but may not provide cross-immunity. In a similar fashion to SARS-CoV, the N protein of COVID-19 may play an important role in suppressing the RNA interference (RNAi) to overcome the host defense. This mini-review aims at investigating the most recent trend of COVID-19.
JO  - European review for medical and pharmacological sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 24
IS  - 4
PG  - 2006-2011
SP  - 2006
EP  - 2011
AN  - 32141569
DO  - 10.26355/eurrev_202002_20378
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Containing 2019-nCoV (Wuhan) coronavirus
AU  - Kaplan, Edward H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV first appeared in December 2019 in Wuhan, China. While most of the initial cases were linked to the Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market, person-to-person transmission has been verified. Given that a vaccine cannot be developed and deployed for at least a year, preventing further transmission relies upon standard principles of containment, two of which are the isolation of known cases and the quarantine of persons believed at high risk of exposure. This note presents probability models for assessing the effectiveness of case isolation and quarantine within a community during the initial phase of an outbreak with illustrations based on early observations from Wuhan.
JO  - Health Care Management Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s10729-020-09504-6
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10729-020-09504-6
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus outbreaks: prevention and management recommendationsAB - What role can pharmacists play? The International Pharmaceutical Federation is emphasizing the active role of community and hospital pharmacists can play in preventing the spread of COVID-19 [17]. Pharmacists are often a reliable and first point of contact for individuals having concerns or needing information and advice regarding ailments. Moreover, pharmacists are readily available at community pharmacies and hospital and accessible to the general population. Essential responsibilities of pharmacists include: having appropriate medicinal products in stock; promoting proper handwashing to prevent disease; controlling in-hospital infection; and providing patient care and support. Pharmacists also play a crucial role in the prevention, early detection of certain types of new cases and referring suspected cases to the relevant healthcare authorities [17].JO - Drugs & Therapy Perspectives
AU  - Khan, Zakir
AU  - Muhammad, Khayal
AU  - Ahmed, Ali
AU  - Rahman, Hazir
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s40267-020-00717-x
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s40267-020-00717-x
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The 2019 Novel Coronavirus Outbreak - A Global Threat
AU  - Khot, W. Y.
AU  - Nadkar, M. Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The 2019 Novel Corona virus infection (COVID 19) is an ongoing public health emergency of international significance. There are significant knowledge gaps in the epidemiology, transmission dynamics, investigation tools and management. In this article, we review the available evidence about this disease. Every decade has witnessed the evolution of a new coronavirus epidemic since the last three decades. The varying transmission patterns, namely, nosocomial transmission and spread through mildly symptomatic cases is an area of concern. There is a spectrum of clinical features from mild to severe life threatening disease with major complications like severe pneumonia, ARDS, acute cardiac injury and septic shock. Presence of bilateral ground glass opacity and consolidation on imaging in appropriate clinical background should raise a suspicion about COVID 19. Poor prognostic factors include Multilobular infiltration on chest imaging, Lymphopenia, Bacterial co-infection, Smoking history, Chronic medical conditions like Hypertension and age >60 years (MuLBSTA score). Diagnosis is confirmed with PCR based testing of appropriate respiratory samples. Management is primarily supportive, with newer antivirals (lopinavir ritonavir and Remdesivir) under investigation. Role of steroids is still inconclusive. Standard infection control and prevention techniques should be followed. Vigilant screening of suspected cases and their contacts is important. Isolation of symptomatic cases and home quarantine of asymptomatic contacts is recommended. To conclude, controlling this highly transmissible disease requires international co-ordination.
JO  - The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 68
IS  - 3
PG  - 67-71
SP  - 67
EP  - 71
AN  - 32138488
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Disease COVID-19: A New Threat to Public Health
AU  - Kumar, S.
AU  - Poonam
AU  - Rathi, B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Current topics in medicinal chemistry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32133964
DO  - 10.2174/1568026620999200305144319
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Can China's COVID-19 strategy work elsewhere?
AU  - Kupferschmidt, K.
AU  - Cohen, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Science (New York, N.Y.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 367
IS  - 6482
PG  - 1061-1062
SP  - 1061
EP  - 1062
AN  - 32139521
DO  - 10.1126/science.367.6482.1061
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - What we know so far: COVID-19 current clinical knowledge and research
AU  - Lake, M. A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, health authorities in Wuhan, China, identified a cluster of pneumonia cases of unknown aetiology linked to the city's South China Seafood Market. Subsequent investigations revealed a novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, as the causative agent now at the heart of a major outbreak. The rising case numbers have been accompanied by unprecedented public health action, including the wholesale isolation of Wuhan. Alongside this has been a robust scientific response, including early publication of the pathogen genome, and rapid development of highly specific diagnostics. This article will review the new knowledge of SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 acute respiratory disease, and summarise its clinical features.
JO  - Clinical medicine (London, England)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32139372
DO  - 10.7861/clinmed.2019-coron
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Proposal for prevention and control of the 2019 novel coronavirus disease in newborn infants
AU  - Li, F.
AU  - Feng, Z. C.
AU  - Shi, Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Archives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32132140
DO  - 10.1136/archdischild-2020-318996
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The novel coronavirus outbreak: what can be learned from China in public reporting?
AU  - Li, Hao
AU  - Chen, Xinguang
AU  - Huang, Hao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The new coronavirus outbreak gets everyone’s attention. China’s national actions against the outbreak have contributed great contributions to the world. China has been learning from practice for better reporting and is fast to adapt itself. In this article we discuss China’s practice in public reporting and its implications to global health. Confirmed cases, dynamic suspected cases, recovered cases, and deaths have been reported both in accumulative numbers and their daily updates. Some ratio indictors reporting (fatality rate, recovery rate, etc.), trend reporting, and global surveillance have been applied as well. Some improvements can still be made. It is necessary to further explore the influential factors behind the indicators for interventions. Recommendations are made to the World Health Organization and other countries for better public reporting and surveillance.
JO  - Global Health Research and Policy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 5
IS  - 1
PG  - 9
SP  - 9
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s41256-020-00140-9
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1186/s41256-020-00140-9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Lack of Vertical Transmission of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2, China
AU  - Li, Y.
AU  - Zhao, R.
AU  - Zheng, S.
AU  - Chen, X.
AU  - Wang, J.
AU  - Sheng, X.
AU  - Zhou, J.
AU  - Cai, H.
AU  - Fang, Q.
AU  - Yu, F.
AU  - Fan, J.
AU  - Xu, K.
AU  - Chen, Y.
AU  - Sheng, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A woman with 2019 novel coronavirus disease in her 35th week of pregnancy delivered an infant by cesarean section in a negative-pressure operating room. The infant was negative for severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2. This case suggests that mother-to-child transmission is unlikely for this virus.
JO  - Emerging infectious diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 26
IS  - 6
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32134381
DO  - 10.3201/eid2606.200287
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - What can early Canadian experience screening for COVID-19 teach us about how to prepare for a pandemic?
AU  - Lin, M.
AU  - Beliavsky, A.
AU  - Katz, K.
AU  - Powis, J. E.
AU  - Ng, W.
AU  - Williams, V.
AU  - Science, M.
AU  - Groves, H.
AU  - Muller, M. P.
AU  - Vaisman, A.
AU  - Hota, S.
AU  - Johnstone, J.
AU  - Leis, J. A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32144097
DO  - 10.1503/cmaj.200305
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - We were warned, so why couldn't we prevent it?
AU  - MacKenzie, Debora
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - SARS and MERS gave us ample warning of the risk of new coronaviruses, but we failed to set up sufficient defences, reports Debora MacKenzie
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 245
IS  - 3272
PG  - 9-9
SP  - 9
EP  - 9
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30476-0
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920304760
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How well prepared are we?
AU  - MacKenzie, Debora
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Covid-19 is rapidly spreading around the world during a period when many healthcare systems are already under pressure, reports Debora MacKenzie
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 245
IS  - 3272
PG  - 6-7
SP  - 6
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30473-5
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920304735
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19 spreads in US
AU  - MacKenzie, Debora
AU  - Association, Press
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Multiple outbreaks worldwide have led to countries stepping up their responses. By Debora MacKenzie and Press Association
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 245
IS  - 3272
PG  - 5-5
SP  - 5
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30472-3
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920304723
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: UK records first death, as world's cases exceed 100 000
AU  - Mahase, E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m943
SP  - m943
EP  - 
AN  - 32144096
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m943
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
TI  - Why does the coronavirus spread so easily between people?
AU  - Mallapaty, Smriti
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As the number of coronavirus infections approaches 100,000 people worldwide, researchers are racing to understand what makes it spread so easily. A handful of genetic and structural analyses have identified a key feature of the virus — a protein on its surface — that might explain why it infects human cells so readily. Other groups are investigating the doorway through which the new coronavirus enters human tissues — a receptor on cell membranes. Both the cell receptor and the virus protein offer potential targets for drugs to block the pathogen, but researchers say it is too early to be sure. “Understanding transmission of the virus is key to its containment and future prevention,” says David Veesler, a structural virologist at the University of Washington in Seattle, who posted his team’s findings about the virus protein on the biomedical preprint server bioRxiv on 20 February1. The new virus spreads much more readily than the one that caused severe acute respiratory syndrome, or SARS (also a coronavirus), and has infected more than ten times the number of people who contracted SARS.
JO  - 
PB  - Nature
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - /articles/d41586-020-00660-x
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
TI  - The race to unravel the United States’ biggest coronavirus outbreak
AU  - Maxmen, Amy
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Rohit Shankar left the virology laboratory at 2 a.m. on Wednesday, and was back at the lab bench by 7 a.m. the same day. “It’s okay,” he says, “I had a doughnut and a coffee.” Shankar, a medical scientist, and his colleagues at the University of Washington in Seattle are poised to exponentially drive up the number of confirmed cases of the coronavirus disease COVID-19 around the city, in western Washington state. That’s because this week, they began analysing a mountain of nose and throat swabs collected from hospitals in the region. Already, the researchers are seeing clear signs that the virus has infected vastly more people than have been formally detected. Scientists fear coronavirus spread in countries least able to contain it Washington state has become the United States’ ground zero for COVID-19, which has now spread to more than 90 countries worldwide in what seems to be a new and dangerous phase of the outbreak. Washington has declared a state emergency, and ten people there have died from the disease. But the number of confirmed cases in Washington — 70 — is still an underestimate resulting from a lack of testing, researchers agree. A genomic analysis posted online on 29 February suggested that hundreds of people in western Washington might already be infected. Academic scientists have mostly been prevented from measuring the extent of the US outbreak because of federal rules restricting the number of labs qualified to run diagnostic tests. But that is changing now, and helps account for why the state's caseload jumped from 10 to 70 this week. Dozens of virologists and genomicists have now kicked into high gear in Seattle, dropping or adapting projects to devote resources to the outbreak. Researchers are working around the clock to find out how many people have the disease in the area. Others are analysing genomes to reveal how the virus is transmitted or developing new therapies. The scientists are racing to help Washington avoid the fate of Hubei province in China, where more than 2,900 people have died of COVID-19 so far. The coronavirus emerged in the province’s city Wuhan in December, and the initial response from officials was slow. “We are past the point of containment,” says Helen Chu, an infectious-disease specialist at the University of Washington School of Medicine (UW Medicine) in Seattle. “So now we need to keep the people who are vulnerable from getting sick.”
JO  - 
PB  - Nature
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - /articles/d41586-020-00676-3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Characteristics, causes, diagnosis and treatment of coagulation dysfunction in patients with COVID-19]
AU  - Mei, H.
AU  - Hu, Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zhonghua xue ye xue za zhi = Zhonghua xueyexue zazhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 0
PG  - E002
SP  - E002
EP  - 
AN  - 32133825
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2020.0002
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV: prevalence, biological and clinical characteristics comparison with SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV
AU  - Meo, S. A.
AU  - Alhowikan, A. M.
AU  - Al-Khlaiwi, T.
AU  - Meo, I. M.
AU  - Halepoto, D. M.
AU  - Iqbal, M.
AU  - Usmani, A. M.
AU  - Hajjar, W.
AU  - Ahmed, N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE: Human infections with zoonotic coronavirus contain emerging and reemerging pathogenic characteristics which have raised great public health concern. This study aimed at investigating the global prevalence, biological and clinical characteristics of novel coronavirus, Wuhan China (2019-nCoV), Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV), and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection outbreaks. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The data on the global outbreak of "2019-nCoV, SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV" were obtained from World Health Organization (WHO), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), concerned ministries and research institutes. We also recorded the information from research documents published in global scientific journals indexed in ISI Web of Science and research centers on the prevalence, biological and clinical characteristics of 2019-nCoV, SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV. RESULTS: Worldwide, SARS-CoV involved 32 countries, with 8422 confirmed cases and 916 (10.87%) casualties from November 2002 to August 2003. MERS-CoV spread over 27 states, causing 2496 cases and 868 (34.77%) fatalities during the period April 2012 to December 2019. However, the novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV spread swiftly the global borders of 27 countries. It infected 34799 people and resulted in 724 (2.08%) casualties during the period December 29, 2019 to February 7, 2020. The fatality rate of coronavirus MERS-CoV was (34.77%) higher than SARS-CoV (10.87%) and 2019-nCoV (2.08%); however, the 2019-nCoV transmitted rapidly in comparison to SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. CONCLUSIONS: The novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV has diverse epidemiological and biological characteristics, making it more contagious than SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. It has affected more people in a short time period compared to SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, although the fatality rate of MERS-CoV was higher than SARS-CoV and 2019-nCoV. The major clinical manifestations in coronavirus infections 2019-nCoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS CoV are fever, chills, cough, shortness of breath, generalized myalgia, malaise, drowsy, diarrhea, confusion, dyspnea, and pneumonia. Global health authorities should take immediate measures to prevent the outbreaks of such emerging and reemerging pathogens across the globe to minimize the disease burden locally and globally.
JO  - European review for medical and pharmacological sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 24
IS  - 4
PG  - 2012-2019
SP  - 2012
EP  - 2019
AN  - 32141570
DO  - 10.26355/eurrev_202002_20379
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Data sharing for novel coronavirus (COVID-19)
AU  - Moorthy, Vasee
AU  - Henao Restrepo, Ana Maria
AU  - Preziosi, Marie-Pierre
AU  - Swaminathan, Soumya
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Bulletin of the World Health Organization
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 98
IS  - 3
PG  - 150-150
SP  - 150
EP  - 150
AN  - MEDLINE:32132744
DO  - 10.2471/blt.20.251561
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32132744
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Novel Coronavirus 2019 Epidemic and Kidneys
AU  - Naicker, Saraladevi
AU  - Yang, Chih-Wei
AU  - Hwang, Shang-Jyh
AU  - Liu, Bi-Cheng
AU  - Chen, Jiang-Hua
AU  - Jha, Vivekanand
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Kidney International
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.kint.2020.03.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0085253820302519
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
TI  - Coronavirus nixes conference, twilight zone beckons and a faded star brightens
AU  - Nature
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus enters dangerous new phase The new coronavirus has spread to more than 70 nations and the total number of infections worldwide had passed 90,000 as Nature went to press (see ‘Rapid spread’). Researchers have warned that the surge in outbreaks outside China, where the virus emerged and most cases have occurred, means that the coronavirus is becoming unstoppable. The World Health Organization has resisted describing the situation as a pandemic. Director-general Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus said on 2 March that there was still a chance of containing the virus. Mike Ryan, director of the WHO’s emergencies programme, said that using the word pandemic would mean that efforts to contain and slow the spread of the virus have failed, which has proved untrue in China, Singapore and other regions. But other scientists say the surge in international cases marks a tipping point. “I think the epidemiological conditions for a pandemic are met,” says Marc Lipsitch, an infectious-disease epidemiologist at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health in Boston, Massachusetts. He and others say that although containment measures seem to have kept outbreaks from escalating outside China for more than a month, such procedures might soon become unfeasible on a broader scale. Those efforts have involved quickly identifying infected people and their close contacts, and isolating them to prevent further transmission. “We’ve got to think more carefully about what measures might be sustainable in terms of reducing transmission without shutting down cities completely and stopping people from moving,” says Ben Cowling, an infectious-disease epidemiologist at the University of Hong Kong. The efforts include ‘social distancing’, which reduces the average chances that uninfected people will encounter an infected person. But some epidemiologists say too little is known about the outbreak to deploy this effectively.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 579
IS  - 
PG  - 12-13
SP  - 12
EP  - 13
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00589-1
UR  - http://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00589-1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Author Correction: China's response to a novel coronavirus stands in stark contrast to the 2002 SARS outbreak response
AU  - Nkengasong, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
JO  - Nature medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32139890
DO  - 10.1038/s41591-020-0816-5
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Why airport screening won’t stop the spread of coronavirus
AU  - Normile, Dennis
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - If you have traveled internationally the past 2 months, you may have encountered them: health officers briefly pointing a thermometer gun at your forehead or watching as you go by to check for signs of a cough or difficulty breathing. Many countries are now watching arriving and departing air passengers who might suffer from the viral disease COVID-19; some require passengers to fill out health declarations. (Some also simply ban or quarantine those who have recently been in outbreak hot spots.) Exit and entry screening may look reassuring, but experience with other diseases shows it’s exceedingly rare for screeners to detect infected passengers. Just last week, eight passengers who later tested positive for COVID-19 arrived in Shanghai from Italy and passed the airport screeners unnoticed, for example. And even if screeners do find the occasional case, it has almost no impact on the course of an outbreak.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb6136
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/03/why-airport-screening-wont-stop-spread-coronavirus
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Healthcare information for all
AU  - Pakenham-Walsh, Neil
AU  - Godlee, Fiona
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Together, we can stop people dying from a lack of timely accurate healthcare information The World Medical Association (WMA) has unanimously approved a statement on healthcare information for all, proposed by the British Medical Association.1 The statement notes that lack of access to timely, current, evidence based healthcare information continues to be a major contributor to morbidity and mortality, especially in low and middle income countries, and calls on doctors worldwide to support initiatives to improve access for health professionals, patients, and the public. The BMJ hosted a conference on this issue in 19942 and cofounded Hinari in 2001, a partnership between publishers and the World Health Organization to improve the availability of e-journals and e-books in low and middle income countries.3 In 2004 we coauthored a paper in the Lancet describing the global healthcare information system and its interdependent parts.4 We called for a global campaign to support communication, understanding, and advocacy among all stakeholders. These include researchers, journal publishers, systematic reviewers, guideline developers, publishers of secondary materials (from textbooks to radio shows), those who guide and provide access (from search engines to librarians), and all who share the vision of a world where everyone has access to the information they need to protect their own and others’ health. Healthcare Information For All (HIFA) now has 20 000 members …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m759-m759
SP  - m759
EP  - m759
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m759
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m759
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
TI  - Top stories: Bungled coronavirus testing, disarming ‘atomic bomb’ cells, and jet stream blocking
AU  - Pérez Ortega, Rodrigo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Speed is critical in the response to COVID-19. So why has the United States been so slow in its attempt to develop reliable diagnostic tests and use them widely? One answer is that a test kit designed by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and rolled out to state and local labs late last month contained a faulty reagent. The problems have led many to doubt the accuracy of confirmed tallies of the disease. But the situation may soon improve, as the Food and Drug Administration comes up with a workaround for the faulty CDC kit.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb6188
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/03/top-stories-bungled-coronavirus-testing-disarming-atomic-bomb-cells-and-jet-stream
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Epidemiological analysis on a family cluster of COVID-19]
AU  - Qiu, Y. Y.
AU  - Wang, S. Q.
AU  - Wang, X. L.
AU  - Lu, W. X.
AU  - Qiao, D.
AU  - Li, J. B.
AU  - Gu, Y. Y.
AU  - Zeng, Y.
AU  - Chen, Y.
AU  - Bai, W. Z.
AU  - Xu, B. L.
AU  - Han, T. W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To understand the possible transmission route of a family cluster of COVID-19 in Zhengzhou and the potential infectivity of COVID-19 in incubation period, and provide scientific evidence for the timely control of infectious source and curb the spread of the epidemic. Methods: Epidemiological investigation was conducted for a family cluster of COVID-19 (8 cases) with descriptive epidemiological method, and respiratory tract samples of the cases were collected for the nucleic acid detection of 2019-nCoV by RT-PCR. Results: Two primary cases, which occurred on 31 January and 1 February, 2020, respectively, had a common exposure history in Wuhan. The other six family members had onsets on 30 January, 31 January, 1 February (three cases) and 3 February, 2020. Conclusions: In this family cluster of COVID-19, six family members were infected through common family exposure to the 2 primary cases. Five secondary cases had onsets earlier than or on the same day as the primary cases, indicating that COVID-19 is contagious in incubation period, and the home isolation in the early phase of the epidemic might lead to the risk of family cluster of COVID-19.
JO  - Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi = Zhonghua liuxingbingxue zazhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 4
PG  - 506-509
SP  - 506
EP  - 509
AN  - 32133831
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200221-00147
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Positive result of Sars-Cov-2 in sputum from a cured patient with COVID-19
AU  - Qu, Ye-Min
AU  - Cong, Hai-Yan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - ince December 2019, an outbreak of the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection has spread rapidly in Wuhan, China [1]1. Over a month since the outbreak, more than 13,000 patients with COVID-19 have be cured and discharged from hospital until now. For the clinical cure criteria in China, twice successive negative results of Sars-Cov-2 nucleic acid detection are the important index, in addition to normal body temperature for 3 days as well as obvious improvement in respiratory symptoms and CT scan [2]. In the present work, we reported that Sars-Cov-2 nucleic acid was still detectable in sputum obtained by nebulization from a cured patient. On January 22, a 49-year-old man presented himself with fever for 4 days to a clinic. Throat swab detection was positive for SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid by real-time RT-PCR. Subsequently, the patient was diagnosed with COVID-19 according to the diagnostic criteria [2] as follows (1): the positive result of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid detection (2); a history of short stay in Wuhan within 14 days; and (3) symptoms of fever, and multiple patchy areas of ground-glass opacity on CT scan. After the active treatment, the patient recovered from fever and other respiratory symptoms on February 4. On February 9 and February 10, the SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid detection was successively negative in his throat swab samples. The CT scan result showed that the inflammation was significantly decreased in both lungs. Both the results of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid detection and CT scans indicated a recovery trend, and the patient was ready for discharge. On February 13, the throat swab and sputum by nebulization were collected before the patient was discharged. Notably, SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid was still detected in sputum from the patient although negative result of throat swab detection.
JO  - Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101619-101619
SP  - 101619
EP  - 101619
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/J.TMAID.2020.101619
UR  - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893920300879
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
TI  - Indonesia finally reports two coronavirus cases. Scientists worry it has many more
AU  - Rochmyaningsih, Dyna
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Indonesia finally reported its first two COVID-19 cases on Monday. At a press conference in Jakarta, President Joko Widodo announced that two women aged 31 and 64 from Depok had contracted the virus. But some scientists believe the country, which has close ties to China, almost certainly has a “silent epidemic” within its borders and should urgently boost its surveillance efforts. Scientists at the Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology tell Science they have offered to the Indonesian Ministry of Health to help test more people, but have been snubbed so far. The detection of the first two cases, along with measures to prevent the spread of the disease, demonstrate Indonesia’s seriousness and capability to deal with the COVID-19 epidemic, Widodo said yesterday. “Since the beginning, we have been serious in strictly following WHO [World Health Organization] guidelines regarding the coronavirus issue,” he said.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb5653
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/03/indonesia-finally-reports-two-coronavirus-cases-scientists-worry-it-has-many-more
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak: Preparedness and readiness of countries in the eastern mediterranean region
AU  - Al-Mandhari, A.
AU  - Samhouri, D.
AU  - Abubakar, A.
AU  - Brennan, R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 26
IS  - 2
PG  - 136-137
SP  - 136
EP  - 137
AN  - 
DO  - 10.26719/2020.26.2.136
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2003908613 http://dx.doi.org/10.26719/2020.26.2.136
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Meta-Analysis of Multiple Whole Blood Gene Expression Data Unveils a Diagnostic Host-Response Transcript Signature for Respiratory Syncytial Virus
AU  - Barral-Arca, Ruth
AU  - Gómez-Carballa, Alberto
AU  - Cebey-López, Miriam
AU  - Bello, Xabier
AU  - Martinón-Torres, Federico
AU  - Salas, Antonio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is one of the major causes of acute lower respiratory tract infection worldwide. The absence of a commercial vaccine and the limited success of current therapeutic strategies against RSV make further research necessary. We used a multi-cohort analysis approach to investigate host transcriptomic biomarkers and shed further light on the molecular mechanism underlying RSV-host interactions. We meta-analyzed seven transcriptome microarray studies from the public Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) repository containing a total of 922 samples, including RSV, healthy controls, coronaviruses, enteroviruses, influenzas, rhinoviruses, and coinfections, from both adult and pediatric patients. We identified &gt; 1500 genes differentially expressed when comparing the transcriptomes of RSV-infected patients against healthy controls. Functional enrichment analysis showed several pathways significantly altered, including immunologic response mediated by RSV infection, pattern recognition receptors, cell cycle, and olfactory signaling. In addition, we identified a minimal 17-transcript host signature specific for RSV infection by comparing transcriptomic profiles against other respiratory viruses. These multi-genic signatures might help to investigate future drug targets against RSV infection.
JO  - International Journal of Molecular Sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 21
IS  - 5
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/ijms21051831ER -
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Understanding COVID-19 new diagnostic guidelines - a message of reassurance from an internal medicine doctor in Shanghai
AU  - Bischof, E.
AU  - Chen, G.
AU  - Ferretti, M. T.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Swiss medical weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 150
IS  - 
PG  - w20216
SP  - w20216
EP  - 
AN  - 32134111
DO  - 10.4414/smw.2020.20216
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Novel Coronavirus – A Snapshot of Current Knowledge
AU  - Brüssow, Harald
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Summary Another animal to human transmission of a coronavirus occurred in December 2019 on a live animal market in the Chinese city of Wuhan causing an epidemic in China, reaching now different continents. This minireview summarizes the research literature on the virological, clinical and epidemiological aspects of this epidemic published until end of February 2020.
JO  - Microbial Biotechnology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/1751-7915.13557
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/1751-7915.13557
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus disease-2019: is fever an adequate screening for the returning travelers?
AU  - Bwire, George M.
AU  - Paulo, Linda S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - On Thursday, 30 January 2020, World Health Organization declared Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-2019) a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. Since its identification in late December 2019 in Wuhan, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China, the number of cases imported into other countries is increasing, and the epidemiological map is changing rapidly. On the other hand, body temperature screening (fever) is the major test performed at points of entry, i.e., airports, in the returning travelers in most of the countries with limited resources. However, the recent report on asymptomatic contact transmission of COVID-19 and travelers who passed the symptoms-based screening and tested positive for COVID-19 using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) challenges this approach as body temperature screening may miss travelers incubating the disease or travelers concealing fever during travel. On this note, travel restrictions to and from high risk areas and/or 14 days quarantine of travelers coming from high risk areas are recommended to prevent possible importation of COVID-19. Currently, RT-PCR is a reliable test in detecting both symptomatic and asymptomatic COVID-19.
JO  - Tropical Medicine and Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 48
IS  - 1
PG  - 14
SP  - 14
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s41182-020-00201-2
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1186/s41182-020-00201-2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Analysis of bronchoscope-guided tracheal intubation in 12 cases with COVID-19 under the personal protective equipment with positive pressure protective hood]
AU  - Cai, S. J.
AU  - Wu, L. L.
AU  - Chen, D. F.
AU  - Li, Y. X.
AU  - Liu, Y. J.
AU  - Fan, Y. Q.
AU  - Du, S. H.
AU  - Huang, H.
AU  - Liu, N.
AU  - Cheng, L. L.
AU  - Deng, X. L.
AU  - Li, S. Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Endotracheal intubation is an independent risk factor for respiratory infectious diseases. We conducted a retrospective study in 12 cases with COVID-19 who underwent endotracheal intubation at ICU of the Guangzhou eighth hospital from January 20 to February 10, 2020. The intubation procedure, anesthetic regimen, and complication were collected and analyzed. The 9 healthcare workers who involved in intubation received virus nucleic acid test and 14 days temperature monitoring. All 12 patients were successfully intubated under the guidance of bronchoscope, without any complications. Midazolam, Propofol and Morphine or fentanyl were used for sedation and analgesia, avoiding patients cough and agitated during the procedure. The 9 healthcare workers were protected under the Personal Protective Equipment(PPE) with positive pressure protective hood. The detection of oropharyngeal swab virus nucleic acid were negative in all 9 healthcare workers, none of them had fever or any respiratory symptoms. The PPE with positive pressure protective hood should be needed to perform bronchoscope-guided endotracheal intubation in patients with COVID-19, it could strengthen to protect healthcare workers from virus exposure.
JO  - Zhonghua jie he he hu xi za zhi = Zhonghua jiehe he huxi zazhi = Chinese journal of tuberculosis and respiratory diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 0
PG  - E033
SP  - E033
EP  - 
AN  - 32133829
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20200222-00153
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Editorial: Coronaviruses: Facts, Myths and Hypotheses
AU  - Carbone, Michele
AU  - Green, Joshua B.
AU  - Bucci, Enrico M.
AU  - Lednicky, John J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract 26 There is currently a lack of pathologic data on the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) 27 pneumonia, or COVID-19, from autopsy or biopsy. Two patients who recently 28 underwent lung lobectomies for adenocarcinoma were retrospectively found to have had 29 COVID-19 at the time of surgery. These two cases thus provide important first 30 opportunities to study the pathology of COVID-19. Pathologic examinations revealed 31 that, apart from the tumors, the lungs of both patients exhibited edema, proteinaceous 32 exudate, focal reactive hyperplasia of pneumocytes with patchy inflammatory cellular 33 infiltration, and multinucleated giant cells. Hyaline membranes were not prominent. 34 Since both patients did not exhibit symptoms of pneumonia at the time of surgery, these 35 changes likely represent an early phase of the lung pathology of COVID-19 pneumonia. 36 37 Key words: coronavirus; COVID-19 pneumonia, pathology; SARS-CoV-2 38 39 40
JO  - Journal of Thoracic Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtho.2020.02.024
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1556086420301908
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Improved molecular diagnosis of COVID-19 by the novel, highly sensitive and specific COVID-19-RdRp/Hel real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assay validated in vitro and with clinical specimens
AU  - Chan, Jasper Fuk-Woo
AU  - Yip, Cyril Chik-Yan
AU  - To, Kelvin Kai-Wang
AU  - Tang, Tommy Hing-Cheung
AU  - Wong, Sally Cheuk-Ying
AU  - Leung, Kit-Hang
AU  - Fung, Agnes Yim-Fong
AU  - Ng, Anthony Chin-Ki
AU  - Zou, Zijiao
AU  - Tsoi, Hoi-Wah
AU  - Choi, Garnet Kwan-Yue
AU  - Tam, Anthony Raymond
AU  - Cheng, Vincent Chi-Chung
AU  - Chan, Kwok-Hung
AU  - Tsang, Owen Tak-Yin
AU  - Yuen, Kwok-Yung
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - On 31st December 2019, the World Health Organization was informed of a cluster of cases of pneumonia of unknown etiology in Wuhan, China. Subsequent investigations identified a novel coronavirus, now named as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), from the affected patients. Highly sensitive and specific laboratory diagnostics are important for controlling the rapidly evolving SARS-CoV-2-associated Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic. In this study, we developed and compared the performance of three novel real-time RT-PCR assays targeting the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp)/helicase (Hel), spike (S), and nucleocapsid (N) genes of SARS-CoV-2 with that of the reported RdRp-P2 assay which is used in >30 European laboratories. Among the three novel assays, the COVID-19-RdRp/Hel assay had the lowest limit of detection in vitro (1.8 TCID50/ml with genomic RNA and 11.2 RNA copies/reaction with in vitro RNA transcripts). Among 273 specimens from 15 patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 in Hong Kong, 77 (28.2%) were positive by both the COVID-19-RdRp/Hel and RdRp-P2 assays. The COVID-19-RdRp/Hel assay was positive for an additional 42 RdRd-P2-negative specimens [119/273 (43.6%) vs 77/273 (28.2%), P<0.001], including 29/120 (24.2%) respiratory tract specimens and 13/153 (8.5%) non-respiratory tract specimens. The mean viral load of these specimens was 3.21*104 RNA copies/ml (range, 2.21*102 to 4.71*105 RNA copies/ml). The COVID-19-RdRp/Hel assay did not cross-react with other human-pathogenic coronaviruses and respiratory pathogens in cell culture and clinical specimens, whereas the RdRp-P2 assay cross-reacted with SARS-CoV in cell culture. The highly sensitive and specific COVID-19-RdRp/Hel assay may help to improve the laboratory diagnosis of COVID-19.
JO  - Journal of clinical microbiology
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - MEDLINE:32132196
DO  - 10.1128/jcm.00310-20
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32132196
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Analysis of myocardial injury in patients with COVID-19 and association between concomitant cardiovascular diseases and severity of COVID-19]
AU  - Chen, C.
AU  - Yan, J. T.
AU  - Zhou, N.
AU  - Zhao, J. P.
AU  - Wang, D. W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To evaluate the cardiovascular damage of patients with COVID-19, and determine the correlation of serum N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and cardiac troponin-I (cTnI) with the severity of COVID-19, and the impact of concomitant cardiovascular disease on severity of COVID-19 was also evaluated. Methods: A cross-sectional study was designed on 150 consecutive patients with COVID-19 in the fever clinic of Tongji Hospital in Wuhan from January to February in 2020, including 126 mild cases and 24 cases in critical care. Both univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze the correlation of past medical history including hypertension, diabetes and coronary heart disease (CHD) , as well as the levels of serum NT-proBNP and cTnI to the disease severity of COVID-19 patients. Results: Age, hypersensitive C-reactive protein(hs-CRP) and serum creatinine levels of the patients were higher in critical care cases than in mild cases(all P<0.05). Prevalence of male, elevated NT-proBNP and cTnI, hypertension and coronary heart disease were significantly higher in critical cases care patients than in the mild cases(all P<0.05). Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that age, male, elevated NT-proBNP, elevated cTnI, elevated hs-CRP, elevated serum creatinine, hypertension, and CHD were significantly correlated with critical disease status(all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that elevated cTnI(OR=26.909, 95%CI 4.086-177.226, P=0.001) and CHD (OR=16.609, 95%CI 2.288-120.577, P=0.005) were the independent risk factors of critical disease status. Conclusions: COVID-19 can significantly affect the heart function and lead to myocardial injury. The past medical history of CHD and increased level of cTnI are two independent determinants of clinical disease status in patients with COVID-19.
JO  - Zhonghua xin xue guan bing za zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 48
IS  - 0
PG  - E008
SP  - E008
EP  - 
AN  - 32141280
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20200225-00123
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - An outbreak of <scp>COVID</scp> ‐19 caused by a new coronavirus: what we know so far
AU  - Cheng, Allen C.
AU  - Williamson, Deborah A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - An outbreak of a novel coronavirus, now formally named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) and causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), emerged in the city of Wuhan in Hubei province in central China in December 2019. The first cases were noted as a cluster of patients with pneumonia who were all linked to a live animal market, and testing found the presence of a previously unknown coronavirus. Coronaviruses are a group of viruses that affect both animals and humans, and several (OC43, 229E, HKU1 and NL63) are a cause of the common cold.1, 2 However, two coronaviruses have previously caused significant outbreaks associated with more severe disease: the SARS coronavirus in 2002–2003 and the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus that emerged in 2012.1, 2 Chinese authorities and researchers should be commended for their rapid sharing of viral sequences which enabled laboratories worldwide to develop diagnostic tests within weeks of discovery of the pathogen.3 An Australian laboratory subsequently isolated the virus from a clinical sample (the first to do so outside of China), and rapidly shared this virus with relevant global agencies, further aiding diagnostic, therapeutic and vaccine development efforts. Information on the new virus and its impact is being updated constantly. We know that SARS‐CoV‐2 can cause severe disease, although active surveillance of contacts is required to define the milder end of the disease spectrum and to estimate the true hospitalisation and case fatality ratio. The cases reported to date suggest that most are older adults; it is currently unclear whether comorbidities reflect the age group affected or whether they are risk factors for severe disease.4, 5 Early studies using data before the institution of public health interventions in China suggest that SARS‐CoV‐2 is as transmissible as SARS coronavirus and probably more transmissible than influenza viruses.6, 7 The timing of infectiousness relative to symptom onset is a particularly important parameter with implications for public health control. While reports suggest that asymptomatic infection and transmission may result from minimally symptomatic cases, the contribution of this to transmission is not yet known.8 Careful analysis of early data suggests that the mean incubation period is 6 days, with a range of up to 14 days.9 Reports of large outbreaks, particularly associated with hospitals and closed communities, raise the possibility of “superspreading” events, a feature of previous coronavirus outbreaks.10 The importance of infection control is also reinforced by a report that 41% of cases in Wuhan were acquired nosocomially (including 40 health care workers and 17 patients).4 As at 26 February 2020, there were 23 confirmed cases of COVID‐19 in Australia, across five jurisdictions. Although reported case numbers in China are slowing, large outbreaks on a cruise ship in Japan, and in South Korea, Iran and Italy are concerning and highlight our interconnected world. However, it is likely that this will change in the days or weeks ahead. Although absolute case numbers are small in Australia, the public health, political and societal ramifications have already been considerable, ranging from travel restrictions on non‐Australians coming from China, the use of offshore and remote quarantine facilities, and disturbing reports of racism against members of our Asian community (https://insig​htplus.mja.com.au/2020/5/coron​avirus-no-place-for-racism-xenop​hobia/).
JO  - Medical Journal of Australia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - mja2.50530-mja2.50530
SP  - mja2.50530
EP  - mja2.50530
AN  - 
DO  - 10.5694/mja2.50530
UR  - https://doi.org/10.5694/mja2.50530 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.5694/mja2.50530
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The effect of travel restrictions on the spread of the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak
AU  - Chinazzi, M.
AU  - Davis, J. T.
AU  - Ajelli, M.
AU  - Gioannini, C.
AU  - Litvinova, M.
AU  - Merler, S.
AU  - Pastore, Y. Piontti A.
AU  - Mu, K.
AU  - Rossi, L.
AU  - Sun, K.
AU  - Viboud, C.
AU  - Xiong, X.
AU  - Yu, H.
AU  - Halloran, M. E.
AU  - Longini, I. M., Jr.
AU  - Vespignani, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Motivated by the rapid spread of COVID-19 in Mainland China, we use a global metapopulation disease transmission model to project the impact of travel limitations on the national and international spread of the epidemic. The model is calibrated based on internationally reported cases, and shows that at the start of the travel ban from Wuhan on 23 January 2020, most Chinese cities had already received many infected travelers. The travel quarantine of Wuhan delayed the overall epidemic progression by only 3 to 5 days in Mainland China, but has a more marked effect at the international scale, where case importations were reduced by nearly 80% until mid February. Modeling results also indicate that sustained 90% travel restrictions to and from Mainland China only modestly affect the epidemic trajectory unless combined with a 50% or higher reduction of transmission in the community.
JO  - Science (New York, N.Y.)
PB  - 
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VL  - 
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PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32144116
DO  - 10.1126/science.aba9757
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Selection and Use of Respiratory Protection by Healthcare Workers to Protect from Infectious Diseases in Hospital Settings
AU  - Chughtai, Abrar Ahmad
AU  - Seale, Holly
AU  - Rawlinson, William D.
AU  - Kunasekaran, Mohana
AU  - Macintyre, C. Raina
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Objectives Infection control policies and guidelines recommend using facemasks and respirators to protect healthcare workers (HCWs) from respiratory infections. Common types of respirators used in healthcare settings are filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs) and powered air-purifying respirators (PAPRs). Aims of this study were to examine the current attitudes and practices of HCWs regarding the selection and use of respiratory protection and determine the acceptability of a novel PAPR. Methods In-depth interviews were undertaken with 20 HCWs from a large tertiary hospital in Sydney, Australia. Participants were fit tested with a lightweight tight-fitting half-facepiece PAPR (CleanSpace2™ Power Unit, PAF-0034, by CleanSpace Technology®) using the TSI™ Portacount quantitative fit test method. Results Interview results showed that HCWs had a limited role in the selection and use of facemasks and respirators and had been using the devices provided by the hospital. The majority of subjects had no knowledge of hospital policy for the use of facemasks and respirators, had not been trained on the use of respirators, and had not been fit tested previously. Compliance with the use of facemasks and respirators was perceived as being low and facemasks and respirators were typically used only for short periods of time. All 20 participants were successfully fit tested to the CleanSpace2™ PAPR (overall geometric mean fit factor—6768). According to the exit surveys, CleanSpace2™ PAPRs were easy to don (14/20) and doff (15/20) and comfortable to wear (14/20). Most participants believed that PAPRs provide higher protection, comfort and reusability over N95 FFR and can be used during pandemics and other high-risk situations. Conclusions HCWs should be aware of infection control policies and training should be provided on the correct use of respiratory protective devices. PAPRs can be used in hospital settings to protect HCWs from certain highly infectious and emerging pathogens, however, HCWs require adequate training on storage, use, and cleaning of PAPRs.
JO  - Annals of Work Exposures and Health
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/annweh/wxaa020
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/annweh/advance-article/doi/10.1093/annweh/wxaa020/5788727
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
TI  - Quarantined at home now, U.S. scientist describes his visit to China’s hot zone
AU  - Cohen, Jon
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - On 13 February, Clifford Lane went to a Washington, D.C.–area airport to catch a flight to Japan, where he would help launch a study of an experimental drug, remdesivir, against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Lane is a deputy director at the U.S. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases and a right-hand man to Anthony Fauci, head of NIAID and the top research scientist in the country advising the White House on the outbreak of the virus. As Lane waited to board his plane, he was told that his final destination had changed. “I get an email, ‘You need to go to China.’ It’s like, are you kidding?” Lane had been selected as one of two U.S. scientists to join a World Health Organization team of 13 international researchers who would tour five different cities with 12 Chinese colleagues to get a firsthand look at the coronavirus epidemic there. The joint mission, which ran from 16–23 February led to a report that offered more details about the clinical course of COVID-19 and the epidemiology in China than had appeared anywhere before.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb6154
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/03/quarantined-scientist-reveals-what-it-s-be-china-s-hot-zone
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: are we getting the communications right?
AU  - Cowper, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m919
SP  - m919
EP  - 
AN  - 32144115
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m919
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Dog noses detect heat, the world faces coronavirus, and scientists search for extraterrestrial life
AU  - Crespi, Sarah
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - On this week’s show, Online News Editor David Grimm joins host Sarah Crespi to discuss how dogs’ cold noses may be able to sense warm bodies. Read the research. International News Editor Martin Enserink shares the latest from our reporters covering coronavirus. And finally, from a recording made at this year’s AAAS annual meeting, host Meagan Cantwell talks with Jill Tarter, chair emeritus at the SETI Institute, about the newest technologies being used to search for alien life, what a positive signal would look like, and how to inform the public if extraterrestrial life ever were detected. This week’s episode was produced with help from Podigy.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb5429
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/podcast/dog-noses-detect-heat-world-faces-coronavirus-and-scientists-search-extraterrestrial-life
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
TI  - In the pipeline Derek Lowe's commentary on drug discovery and the pharma industry. An editorially independent blog from the publishers of Science Translational Medicine. All content is Derek’s own, and he does not in any way speak for his employer
AU  - Derek, Lowe
AU  - Doerffler, Edward
AU  - Clarke, Michael O.
AU  - Chun, Kwon
AU  - Zhang, Lijun
AU  - Neville, Sean
AU  - Carra, Ernest
AU  - Lew, Willard
AU  - Ross, Bruce
AU  - Wang, Queenie
AU  - Wolfe, Lydia
AU  - Jordan, Robert
AU  - Soloveva, Veronica
AU  - Knox, John
AU  - Perry, Jason
AU  - Perron, Michel
AU  - Stray, Kirsten M.
AU  - Barauskas, Ona
AU  - Feng, Joy Y.
AU  - Xu, Yili
AU  - Lee, Gary
AU  - Rheingold, Arnold L.
AU  - Ray, Adrian S.
AU  - Bannister, Roy
AU  - Strickley, Robert
AU  - Swaminathan, Swami
AU  - Lee, William A.
AU  - Bavari, Sina
AU  - Cihlar, Tomas
AU  - Lo, Michael K.
AU  - Warren, Travis K.
AU  - Mackman, Richard L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Let’s take inventory on the therapies that are being developed for the coronavirus epidemic. Here is a very thorough list of at Biocentury, and I should note that (like Stat and several other organizations) they’re making all their Covid-19 content free to all readers during this crisis. I’d like to zoom in today on the potential small-molecule therapies, since some of these have the most immediate prospects for use in the real world. The ones at the front of the line are repurposed drugs that are already approved for human use, for a lot of obvious reasons. The Biocentury list doesn’t cover these, but here’s an article at Nature Biotechnology that goes into detail. Clinical trials are a huge time sink – they sort of have to be, in most cases, if they’re going to be any good – and if you’ve already done all that stuff it’s a huge leg up, even if the drug itself is not exactly a perfect fit for the disease. So what do we have? The compound that is most advanced is probably remdesivir from Gilead, at right. This has been in development for a few years as an RNA virus therapy – it was originally developed for Ebola, and has been tried out against a whole list of single-strand RNA viruses. That includes the related coronaviruses SARS and MERS, so Covid-19 was an obvious fit. The compound is a prodrug – that phosphoramide gets cleaved off completely, leaving the active 5-OH compound GS-44-1524. It mechanism of action is to get incorporated into viral RNA, since it’s taken up by RNA polymerase and it largely seems to evade proofreading. This causes RNA termination trouble later on, since that alpha-nitrile C-nucleoside is not exactly what the virus is expecting in its genome at that point, and thus viral replication is inhibited.
JO  - 
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IS  - 
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DO  - 
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Discovering drugs to treat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
AU  - Dong, Liying
AU  - Hu, Shasha
AU  - Gao, Jianjun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The SARS-CoV-2 virus emerged in December 2019 and then spread rapidly worldwide, particularly to China, Japan, and South Korea. Scientists are endeavoring to find antivirals specific to the virus. Several drugs such as chloroquine, arbidol, remdesivir, and favipiravir are currently undergoing clinical studies to test their efficacy and safety in the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China; some promising results have been achieved thus far. This article summarizes agents with potential efficacy against SARS-CoV-2.
JO  - Drug Discoveries & Therapeutics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 14
IS  - 1
PG  - 58-60
SP  - 58
EP  - 60
AN  - 
DO  - 10.5582/ddt.2020.01012
UR  - https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/ddt/14/1/14_2020.01012/_article
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Trump claims public health warnings on covid-19 are a conspiracy against him
AU  - Dyer, O.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m941
SP  - m941
EP  - 
AN  - 32144176
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m941
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - To ease anxiety over coronavirus, leaders prescribe dose of common sense
AU  - Enos, Gary
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Wash hands thoroughly.
JO  - Alcoholism & Drug Abuse Weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 32
IS  - 10
PG  - 1-7
SP  - 1
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/adaw.32649
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/adaw.32649 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/adaw.32649
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - China Coronavirus Outbreak: All the Latest Updates
AU  - Scotti, Luciana
AU  - Scotti, Marcus T.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Current topics in medicinal chemistry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - MEDLINE:32133963
DO  - 10.2174/1568026620999200305144537
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32133963
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia calls for viral vaccines
AU  - Shang, Weilong
AU  - Yang, Yi
AU  - Rao, Yifan
AU  - Rao, Xiancai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of 2019-novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) that is caused by SARS-CoV-2 has spread rapidly in China, and has developed to be a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. However, no specific antiviral treatments or vaccines are available yet. This work aims to share strategies and candidate antigens to develop safe and effective vaccines against SARS-CoV-2. An outbreak of 2019-novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) that causes atypical pneumonia (COVID-19) has raged in China since mid-December 2019 and has spread to 26 countries (February 20, 2020). The epidemic was identified by the first four cases confirmed on December 29, 2019 and was traced to the Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market, Wuhan city, Hubei Province, China1. A total of 75,465 cases with SARS-CoV-2 infections have been confirmed up to date (February 20, 2020), and 2,236 people have died in China2. COVID-19 spreads rapidly by human-to-human transmission with a median incubation period of 3.0 days (range, 0 to 24.0), and the time from symptom onset to developing pneumonia is 4.0 days (range, 2.0 to 7.0)3. Respiratory droplets and direct contact are conventional transmission routes for SARS-CoV-2, and fecal-to-oral transmission might also have a role3. Fever, dry cough, and fatigue are common symptoms at onset of COVID-194. Most patients have lymphopenia and bilateral ground-glass opacity changes on chest CT scans4,5. No specific antiviral treatments or vaccines are available because it is a new emerging viral disease. Development of SARS-CoV-2-based vaccines is urgently required. The entire virus particle-based preparation of vaccines, including inactivated and attenuated virus vaccines is advisable, because it is based on previous studies about the prevention and control of seasonal influenza vaccines6. The first SARS-CoV-2 (Wuhan-Hu-1) was successfully sequenced and its genomic sequence submitted to GenBank on January 5, 2020 (Accession no. MN908947.3)7. Subsequently large-scale culture of SARS-CoV-2 was quickly performed, and an inactivated virus vaccine could be prepared through the employment of established physical and chemical methods such as UV light, formaldehyde, and β-propiolactone8. The development of attenuated-virus vaccines is also possible by carefully screening the serially propagated SARS-CoV-2 with reduced pathogenesis such as induced minimal lung injury, diminished limited neutrophil influx, and increased anti-inflammatory cytokine expressions compared with the wild-type virus9. Both inactivated and attenuated virus vaccines have their own disadvantages and side effects (Table 1). Alternatively, new vaccine designs based on the putative protective antigen/peptides derived from SARS-CoV-2 should be considered
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 5
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - /articles/s41541-020-0170-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Perspectives on monoclonal antibody therapy as potential therapeutic intervention for Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19)
AU  - Shanmugaraj, B.
AU  - Siriwattananon, K.
AU  - Wangkanont, K.
AU  - Phoolcharoen, W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Last decade witnessed the outbreak of many life-threatening human pathogens including Nipah, Ebola, Chikungunya, Zika, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), Severe Acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and more recently novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV or SARS-CoV-2). The disease condition associated with novel coronavirus, referred to as Coronavirus disease (COVID-19). The emergence of novel coronavirus in 2019 in Wuhan, China marked the third highly pathogenic coronavirus infecting humans in the 21st century. The continuing emergence of coronaviruses at regular intervals poses a significant threat to human health and economy. Ironically, even after a decade of research on coronavirus, still there are no licensed vaccines or therapeutic agents to treat coronavirus infection which highlights an urgent need to develop effective vaccines or post-exposure prophylaxis to prevent future epidemics. Several clinical, genetic and epidemiological features of COVID-19 resemble SARS-CoV infection. Hence, the research advancements on SARS-CoV treatment might help scientific community in quick understanding of this virus pathogenesis and develop effective therapeutic/prophylactic agents to treat and prevent this infection. Monoclonal antibodies represent the major class of biotherapeutics for passive immunotherapy to fight against viral infection. The therapeutic potential of monoclonal antibodies has been well recognized in the treatment of many diseases. Here, we summarize the potential monoclonal antibody based therapeutic intervention for COVID-19 by considering the existing knowledge on the neutralizing monoclonal antibodies against similar coronaviruses SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. Further research on COVID-19 pathogenesis could identify appropriate therapeutic targets to develop specific anti-virals against this newly emerging pathogen.
JO  - Asian Pacific journal of allergy and immunology
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32134278
DO  - 10.12932/ap-200220-0773
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Development of Genetic Diagnostic Methods for Novel Coronavirus 2019 (nCoV-2019) in Japan
AU  - Shirato, Kazuya
AU  - Nao, Naganori
AU  - Katano, Harutaka
AU  - Takayama, Ikuyo
AU  - Saito, Shinji
AU  - Kato, Fumihiro
AU  - Katoh, Hiroshi
AU  - Sakata, Masafumi
AU  - Nakatsu, Yuichiro
AU  - Mori, Yoshio
AU  - Kageyama, Tsutomu
AU  - Matsuyama, Shutoku
AU  - Takeda, Makoto
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - At the end of 2019, pneumonia caused by novel coronavirus 2019 (nCoV) emerged in Wuhan city, China. Many airline travelers moved between Wuhan and Japan at that time, suggesting that Japan is at high risk of invasion by the virus. Diagnostic systems for 2019-nCoV were developed with urgency. Two nested RT-PCR assays and two real-time RT-PCR assays were adapted to local Japanese conditions. As of 8 February 2020, the assays developed have successfully detected 25 positive cases of infection in Japan.
JO  - Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 2019
IS  - 
PG  - JJID.2020.061-JJID.2020.061
SP  - JJID.2020.061
EP  - JJID.2020.061
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7883/yoken.JJID.2020.061
UR  - https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/yoken/advpub/0/advpub_JJID.2020.061/_article
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 induced diarrhoea as onset symptom in patient with COVID-19
AU  - Song, Y.
AU  - Liu, P.
AU  - Shi, X. L.
AU  - Chu, Y. L.
AU  - Zhang, J.
AU  - Xia, J.
AU  - Gao, X. Z.
AU  - Qu, T.
AU  - Wang, M. Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Gut
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32139552
DO  - 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-320891
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The ongoing crises in China illustrate that the assessment of epidemics in isolation is no longer sufficient
AU  - Stoffel, Carla
AU  - Schuppers, Manon
AU  - Buholzer, Patrik
AU  - Muñoz, Violeta
AU  - Lechner, Isabel
AU  - Sperling, Ulrich
AU  - Küker, Susanne
AU  - De Nardi, Marco
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Summary The interplay of simultaneous COVID-19, African swine fever, and avian influenza emergencies on global health and industries is constantly evolving and difficult to predict, and therefore warrants further scrutiny. The need for a health network of global scope for the rapid and open exchange of information needs to be strengthened in order to address ongoing and future epidemics under competing resources.
JO  - Transboundary and Emerging Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/tbed.13536
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/tbed.13536
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
TI  - Coronavirus disruptions could hurt North Korea’s efforts to treat tuberculosis
AU  - Stone, Richard
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - North Korea watchers warn that the country’s aggressive measures to defend itself against COVID-19, the illness caused by the novel coronavirus, are hobbling efforts to combat tuberculosis (TB) and other infectious diseases. Sandwiched between two COVID-19 hot spots—China and South Korea—North Korea at the end of January suspended international flights and severed its rail link with China. Since then, cargo containers headed to North Korea’s port in Nampo have stalled in Dalian, China, snagged on red tape in China and new quarantine procedures in Nampo. The only way in and out of North Korea now is a road crossing on its northern border with China. North Korea’s state media has said the border restrictions will remain in effect until COVID-19 has stopped spreading or a vaccine is available. That puts North Korea’s thousands of TB patients in a precarious situation. Three containers with first-line TB drugs are among hundreds held up in Dalian, says a U.S.-based humanitarian organization official, who requested anonymity. The official notes that North Korea’s supply of first-line TB drugs is expected to run out in May or June. The situation is even more perilous for North Koreans infected with multidrug-resistant TB strains. Treatment lapses can lead to even more recalcitrant strains. “Truly it opens grave concern” about the development of extensively drug-resistant TB in North Korea, the official says. Related
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb6184
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/03/coronavirus-disruptions-could-hurt-north-korea-s-efforts-treat-tuberculosis
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Managing neonates with respiratory failure due to SARS-CoV-2 – Authors' reply
AU  - Wang, Jianhui
AU  - Shi, Yuan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December, 2019, a pneumonia of unknown cause, which has clinical manifestations similar to severe acute respiratory syndrome,1,2 originated in Wuhan, China, and has rapidly spread across China and to at least 23 countries. By Feb 5, 2020, the number of laboratory-confirmed cases had exceeded 20 000, with more than 400 deaths. About 100 children were affected, with the youngest being 30 h after birth. A novel virus named 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) was considered to be the causative agent of this pneumonia. Neonates are thought to be susceptible to the virus because their immune system is not well developed, which is of great concern to neonatal medical service providers. Paediatricians and neonatologists belonging to the National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders and Pediatric Committee of Medical Association of Chinese People’s Liberation Army have contributed to the control efforts in China. We aim to elicit a contingency plan for the 2019-nCoV outbreak in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), mainly focused on diagnostic and discharge criteria, treatment, prevention, and control strategies
JO  - The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-4642(20)30072-9
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352464220300729
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The clinical dynamics of 18 cases of COVID-19 outside of Wuhan, China
AU  - Wang, L.
AU  - Gao, Y. H.
AU  - Lou, L. L.
AU  - Zhang, G. J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The European respiratory journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32139464
DO  - 10.1183/13993003.00398-2020
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [COVID-19 complicated with DIC: 2 cases report and literatures review]
AU  - Wang, Y. D.
AU  - Zhang, S. P.
AU  - Wei, Q. Z.
AU  - Zhao, M. M.
AU  - Mei, H.
AU  - Zhang, Z. L.
AU  - Hu, Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zhonghua xue ye xue za zhi = Zhonghua xueyexue zazhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 0
PG  - E001
SP  - E001
EP  - 
AN  - 32133824
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2020.0001
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Investigation and analysis on characteristics of a cluster of COVID-19 associated with exposure in a department store in Tianjin]
AU  - Wu, W. S.
AU  - Li, Y. G.
AU  - Wei, Z. F.
AU  - Zhou, P. H.
AU  - Lyu, L. K.
AU  - Zhang, G. P.
AU  - Zhao, Y.
AU  - He, H. Y.
AU  - Li, X. Y.
AU  - Gao, L.
AU  - Zhang, X. M.
AU  - Liu, H.
AU  - Zhou, N.
AU  - Guo, Y.
AU  - Zhang, D.
AU  - Liu, J.
AU  - Zhang, Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To describe the epidemiological characteristics of a cluster of COVID-19 cases reported in Baodi district of Tianjin as of 18 February, 2020, which might be associated with the exposure in a local department store, and provide suggestions for prevention and control strategy development. Methods: The basic characteristics, time and area distributions, clinical manifestations, epidemiological history and transmission mode of the COVID-19 cases associated with the department store exposure were analyzed. Results: A total of 40 COVID-19 cases were associated with the department store exposure, accounting for 75.47% of the total confirmed cases (53 cases) reported in Baodi district. The cases were mainly at the age of 60 years or older (35.00%) and farmers (40.00%). The main clinical manifestations included fever (95.00%), cough (35.00%), and diarrhea (15.00%). The proportion of confirmed severe cases was 32.50%. The incidence curve showed that the incidence peak occurred on 31 January, 2020. Among the 40 cases, 6(15.00%) were department store employees, 19(47.50%) were customers and 15(37.50%) were close contacts (secondary cases). The first case occurred on 21 January, 2020, this case was a department store employee who had a purchasing history at whole sale markets in other provinces and cities before the onset, and 3 employees were still on duty after symptom onsets. The median of the incubation period of customer cases was 6 days, and the median of the interval between onset and medical treatment of customer cases was 7 days. Conclusion: This was a cluster epidemic of COVID-19, which might be associated with the exposure in the department store. By now, the current prevention and control measures have achieved satisfied effects.
JO  - Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi = Zhonghua liuxingbingxue zazhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 4
PG  - 489-493
SP  - 489
EP  - 493
AN  - 32133830
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200221-00139
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The outbreak of COVID-19: An overview
AU  - Wu, Y. C.
AU  - Chen, C. S.
AU  - Chan, Y. J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In late December 2019, a previous unidentified coronavirus, currently named as the 2019 novel coronavirus#, emerged from Wuhan, China, and resulted in a formidable outbreak in many cities in China and expanded globally, including Thailand, Republic of Korea, Japan, United States, Philippines, Viet Nam, and our country (as of 2/6/2020 at least 25 countries). The disease is officially named as Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19, by WHO on February 11, 2020). It is also named as Severe Pneumonia with Novel Pathogens on January 15, 2019 by the Taiwan CDC, the Ministry of Health and is a notifiable communicable disease of the fifth category. COVID-19 is a potential zoonotic disease with low to moderate (estimated 2%-5%) mortality rate. Person-to-person transmission may occur through droplet or contact transmission and if there is a lack of stringent infection control or if no proper personal protective equipment available, it may jeopardize the first-line healthcare workers. Currently, there is no definite treatment for COVID-19 although some drugs are under investigation. To promptly identify patients and prevent further spreading, physicians should be aware of the travel or contact history of the patient with compatible symptoms.
JO  - Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 83
IS  - 3
PG  - 217-220
SP  - 217
EP  - 220
AN  - 32134861
DO  - 10.1097/jcma.0000000000000270
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Effects of Social Support on Sleep Quality of Medical Staff Treating Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in January and February 2020 in China
AU  - Xiao, H.
AU  - Zhang, Y.
AU  - Kong, D.
AU  - Li, S.
AU  - Yang, N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), formerly known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), was first identified in December 2019 in Wuhan City, China. Structural equation modeling (SEM) is a multivariate analysis method to determine the structural relationship between measured variables. This observational study aimed to use SEM to determine the effects of social support on sleep quality and function of medical staff who treated patients with COVID-19 in January and February 2020 in Wuhan, China. MATERIAL AND METHODS A one-month cross-sectional observational study included 180 medical staff who treated patients with COVID-19 infection. Levels of anxiety, self-efficacy, stress, sleep quality, and social support were measured using the and the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), the Stanford Acute Stress Reaction (SASR) questionnaire, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and the Social Support Rate Scale (SSRS), respectively. Pearson's correlation analysis and SEM identified the interactions between these factors. RESULTS Levels of social support for medical staff were significantly associated with self-efficacy and sleep quality and negatively associated with the degree of anxiety and stress. Levels of anxiety were significantly associated with the levels of stress, which negatively impacted self-efficacy and sleep quality. Anxiety, stress, and self-efficacy were mediating variables associated with social support and sleep quality. CONCLUSIONS SEM showed that medical staff in China who were treating patients with COVID-19 infection during January and February 2020 had levels of anxiety, stress, and self-efficacy that were dependent on sleep quality and social support.
JO  - Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 26
IS  - 
PG  - e923549
SP  - e923549
EP  - 
AN  - 32132521
DO  - 10.12659/msm.923549
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical and High-Resolution CT Features of the COVID-19 Infection: Comparison of the Initial and Follow-up Changes
AU  - Xiong, Y.
AU  - Sun, D.
AU  - Liu, Y.
AU  - Fan, Y.
AU  - Zhao, L.
AU  - Li, X.
AU  - Zhu, W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVES: In late December, 2019, an outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China was caused by a novel coronavirus, newly named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We aimed to quantify severity of COVID-19 infection on High-Resolution CT and to determine its relationship with clinical parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From Jan 11, 2020, to Feb 5, 2020, the clinical, laboratory and HRCT features of 42 patients (26-75 years, 25 males) with COVID-19 were analyzed. The initial and follow-up CT obtained a mean of 4.5 days and 11.6 days from the illness onset were retrospectively assessed for the severity and progression of pneumonia. Correlations among clinical parameters, initial CT features and progression of opacifications were evaluated with Spearman correlation and linear regression analysis. RESULTS: Thirty-five (83%) patients exhibited a progressive process according to CT features during the early stage from onset. Follow-up CT findings showed progressive opacifications, consolidation, interstitial thickening, fibrous strips and air bronchograms, compared to initial CT (all p<0.05). Before regular treatments, there was a moderate correlation between the days from onset and sum score of opacifications (R=0.68, p<0.01). The C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and lactate dehydrogenase showed significantly positive correlation with the severity of pneumonia assessed on initial CT (R range 0.36-0.75, p<0.05). The highest temperature and the severity of opacifications assessed on initial CT were significantly related to the progression of opacifications on follow-up CT (p=0.001-0.04). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with the COVID-19 infection usually presented with typical ground-grass opacities and other CT features, which showed significant correlations with some clinical and laboratory measurements. Follow-up CT images often demonstrated progressions during the early stage from illness onset.
JO  - Investigative radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32134800
DO  - 10.1097/rli.0000000000000674
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Structural basis for the recognition of the SARS-CoV-2 by full-length human ACE2
AU  - Yan, R.
AU  - Zhang, Y.
AU  - Li, Y.
AU  - Xia, L.
AU  - Guo, Y.
AU  - Zhou, Q.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is the cellular receptor for SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) that is causing the serious epidemic COVID-19. Here we present cryo-EM structures of full-length human ACE2, in the presence of a neutral amino acid transporter B(0)AT1, with or without the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the surface spike glycoprotein (S protein) of SARS-CoV-2, both at an overall resolution of 2.9 A, with a local resolution of 3.5 A at the ACE2-RBD interface. The ACE2-B(0)AT1 complex is assembled as a dimer of heterodimers, with the Collectrin-like domain (CLD) of ACE2 mediating homo-dimerization. The RBD is recognized by the extracellular peptidase domain (PD) of ACE2 mainly through polar residues. These findings provide important insights to the molecular basis for coronavirus recognition and infection.
JO  - Science (New York, N.Y.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32132184
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb2762
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Patients with RT-PCR Confirmed COVID-19 and Normal Chest CT
AU  - Yang, W.
AU  - Yan, F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 200702
SP  - 200702
EP  - 
AN  - 32142398
DO  - 10.1148/radiol.2020200702
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemiological characteristics of 2019-ncoV infections in Shaanxi, China by February 8, 2020
AU  - Yao, Y.
AU  - Tian, Y.
AU  - Zhou, J.
AU  - Ma, X.
AU  - Yang, M.
AU  - Wang, S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The European respiratory journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32139462
DO  - 10.1183/13993003.00310-2020
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - RETRACTED: Chinese medical staff request international medical assistance in fighting against COVID-19
AU  - Zeng, Yingchun
AU  - Zhen, Yan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet. Global health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - MEDLINE:32105614
DO  - 10.1016/s2214-109x(20)30065-6
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32105614
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Managing neonates with respiratory failure due to SARS-CoV-2
AU  - De Luca, Daniele
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - In their Comment in The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health, Jianhui Wang and colleagues1 suggested a plan to handle neonates with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections and outbreaks in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). This is a timely reflection, given the public health problem represented by this infection and the need to anticipate any critical care issue, irrespective of patients' ages. However, the plan is incomplete or unsuitable in many points. We do not know anything about neonatal SARS-CoV-2 infections, and we must reasonably follow data from adult critical care. First, testing all NICU-admitted neonates for SARS-CoV-2 represents a wrongful use of resources. Neonatal respiratory failure can result from a wide range of causes, and testing everybody when other causes are reasonably suspected will divert laboratory resources from adult critical care. Tests should be done for infants from families infected by SARS-CoV-2 or exposed to other infected people, irrespective of their symptoms.
JO  - The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2352-4642(20)30073-0
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-4642(20)30073-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Are high-performing health systems resilient against the COVID-19 epidemic?
AU  - Legido-Quigley, Helena
AU  - Asgari, Nima
AU  - Teo, Yik Ying
AU  - Leung, Gabriel M.
AU  - Oshitani, Hitoshi
AU  - Fukuda, Keiji
AU  - Cook, Alex R.
AU  - Hsu, Li Yang
AU  - Shibuya, Kenji
AU  - Heymann, David
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - As of March 5, 2020, there has been sustained local transmission of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Hong Kong, Singapore, and Japan.1 Containment strategies seem to have prevented smaller transmission chains from amplifying into widespread community transmission. The health systems in these locations have generally been able to adapt,2 , 3 but their resilience could be affected if the COVID-19 epidemic continues for many more months and increasing numbers of people require services. We outline some of the core dimensions of these resilient health systems4 and their responses to the COVID-19 epidemic. First, after variable periods of adaptation, the three locations took actions to manage the outbreak of a new pathogen. Surveillance systems were readjusted to identify potential cases while public health staff identified their contacts. National laboratory networks developed diagnostic tests once the COVID-19 genetic sequences were published5 and laboratory testing capacity was increased in all three locations, although expansion of the diagnostic capacity to university and large private laboratories in Japan is still ongoing. In Hong Kong, initially, only pneumonia patients without a microbiological diagnosis were tested, but surveillance has been broadened to include all inpatients with pneumonia and a purposively sampled proportion of outpatients and emergency attendees totalling about 1500 per day (Leung GM, unpublished). Japan's testing strategy has also evolved with diagnostic tests now offered to all suspected cases irrespective of their travel history; however, there are reports of cases that should have been tested but were not.
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30551-1
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30551-1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Managing neonates with respiratory failure due to SARS-CoV-2 &#x2013; Authors' reply
AU  - Wang, Jianhui
AU  - Shi, Yuan
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - We thank Daniele De Luca for his reflections on our Comment.1 We agree that testing all admitted neonates for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is not necessary. We recommended screening all newly admitted infants at high risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on the basis of their family history. Only high-risk patients should receive a nucleic acid test for SARS-CoV-2. However, all high-risk neonates should be isolated in a single room, preferably in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Based on existing experience, some patients initially present with mild flu-like symptoms but rapidly develop respiratory distress and multiple organ failure. Admitting all neonates with COVID-19 to the NICU could ensure the availability of close monitoring and necessary interventions.2 However, each clinical setting should consider its bed surge capacity in case of a COVID-19 outbreak and adopt a flexible and variable approach to admitting patients. We recommend an individualised treatment strategy in the management of patients with COVID-19. The pathological findings from a patient who died from COVID-19 are consistent with the histological rationale for neonatal acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS),3 , 4 indicating the probability of secondary impairment of surfactant function and pulmonary hypertension in the case of severe neonatal COVID-19. Therefore, surfactant administration and inhaled nitric oxide are expected to be effective in infants with severe COVID-19. We agree with the recommendation that a physiology-based ventilation method should be used and that extracorporeal life support should only be provided as a rescue approach.
JO  - The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2352-4642(20)30072-9
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-4642(20)30072-9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: the gendered impacts of the outbreak
AU  - Wenham, Clare
AU  - Smith, Julia
AU  - Morgan, Rosemary
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - Policies and public health efforts have not addressed the gendered impacts of disease outbreaks.1 The response to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) appears no different. We are not aware of any gender analysis of the outbreak by global health institutions or governments in affected countries or in preparedness phases. Recognising the extent to which disease outbreaks affect women and men differently is a fundamental step to understanding the primary and secondary effects of a health emergency on different individuals and communities, and for creating effective, equitable policies and interventions. Although sex-disaggregated data for COVID-19 show equal numbers of cases between men and women so far, there seem to be sex differences in mortality and vulnerability to the disease.2 Emerging evidence suggests that more men than women are dying, potentially due to sex-based immunological3 or gendered differences, such as patterns and prevalence of smoking.4 However, current sex-disaggregated data are incomplete, cautioning against early assumptions. Simultaneously, data from the State Council Information Office in China suggest that more than 90% of health-care workers in Hubei province are women, emphasising the gendered nature of the health workforce and the risk that predominantly female health workers incur.
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30526-2
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30526-2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 is an appropriate name for the new coronavirus
AU  - Wu, Yuntao
AU  - Ho, Wenzhe
AU  - Huang, Yaowei
AU  - Jin, Dong-Yan
AU  - Li, Shiyue
AU  - Liu, Shan-Lu
AU  - Liu, Xuefeng
AU  - Qiu, Jianming
AU  - Sang, Yongming
AU  - Wang, Qiuhong
AU  - Yuen, Kwok-Yung
AU  - Zheng, Zhi-Ming
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - We have read with great interest the Correspondence by Shibo Jiang and colleagues,1 in which they propose a name change for the newly emerged coronavirus,2 which was recently designated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) by the Coronavirus Study Group of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses.3 The authors argued that the use of SARS in the virus name could confuse the public about the disease that it causes; in addition, they noted that the name SARS-CoV-2 is not consistent with the disease name chosen by WHO, coronavirus disease 2019. The authors also indicated that scientifically, SARS-CoV-2 is naturally occurring and different from other SARS-like or SARS-related coronaviruses that are mainly characterised by their genome sequences. Furthermore, given the probability of future attenuation of this virus to a low-pathogenic form, the authors predict that the use of the name SARS-CoV-2 might have adverse effects, both socially and economically. On these grounds, the authors suggest that the name of the new virus is changed to human coronavirus 2019 (HCoV-19). Although these concerns and suggestions are appreciated, we feel that the adoption of SARS-CoV-2 by the Coronavirus Study Group was appropriate. To facilitate good practice and scientific exchange, the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses has established standardised formats for classifying viruses. Under these rules, a newly emerged virus is normally assigned to a species based on phylogeny and taxonomy.4 Through DivErsity pArtitioning by hieRarchical Clustering-based analyses,5 the newly emerged coronavirus was deemed not sufficiently novel but is a sister virus to SARS-CoV, the primary viral isolate defining the species. The SARS-CoV species includes viruses such as SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV_PC4-227, and SARSr-CoV-btKY72. SARS-CoV-2 is the newest member of this viral species. The use of SARS in naming SARS-CoV-2 does not derive from the name of the SARS disease but is a natural extension of the taxonomic practice for viruses in the SARS species. The use of SARS for viruses in this species mainly refers to their taxonomic relationship to the founding virus of this species, SARS-CoV. In other words, viruses in this species can be named SARS regardless of whether or not they cause SARS-like diseases.
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30557-2
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30557-2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The time-varying serial interval of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and its gender-specific difference: A data-driven analysis using public surveillance data in Hong Kong and Shenzhen, China from January 10 to February 15, 2020
AU  - Zhao, Shi
AU  - Cao, Peihua
AU  - Chong, Marc K. C.
AU  - Gao, Daozhou
AU  - Lou, Yijun
AU  - Ran, Jinjun
AU  - Wang, Kai
AU  - Wang, Weiming
AU  - Yang, Lin
AU  - He, Daihai
AU  - Wang, Maggie H.
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - To the Editor. An outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), started in Wuhan, China in the end of 2019 [1], has now reached 40 countries and poses huge threat to global public health and economic [2]. Given the risk of human-to-human transmission, the serial interval (SI), which refers to the time interval from symptom onset of a primary case (i.e., infector) to that of a secondary case (i.e., infectee) [3], is the other essential quantity besides the basic reproduction number to drive the spreading speed. We examine the publicly available materials and collect the records of COVID-19 transmission events in two neighboring large cities, Hong Kong [4] and Shenzhen [5], in south China from January 10 to February 15, 2020 and extract the SI data. We identify 48 transmission events including 21 in Hong Kong and 27 in Shenzhen, among which 40 events contain the gender information of the primary cases. The last onset date of the primary cases among all collected transmission events is February 2, 2020.
JO  - Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-8
SP  - 1
EP  - 8
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1017/ice.2020.64
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/infection-control-and-hospital-epidemiology/article/timevarying-serial-interval-of-the-coronavirus-disease-covid19-and-its-genderspecific-difference-a-datadriven-analysis-using-public-surveillance-data-in-hong-kong-
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Expert consensus on Pulmonary Function Testing during the epidemic of Corona Virus Disease 2019
AU  - Task Force of Pulmonary Function, Testing
AU  - Clinical, Respiratory
AU  - Physiology, Chinese Association of Chest Physicians
AU  - Pulmonary Function Testing Group, Respiratory Therapeutics Group
AU  - Chinese Thoracic, Society
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is mainly transmitted by respiratory droplets and close contact. Pulmonary function testing procedures have been associated with an increasing risk of COVID-19 transmission among patients/subjects and medical staffs. Effective prevention and control strategies must be compulsorily implemented to prevent nosocomial infection. This recommendation is intended to be followed by healthcare workers (HCWs) of pulmonary function testing laboratory when COVID-19 is in epidemic. Based on the features of pulmonary function testing, precaution principles and strategies are developed in three aspects of management for HCWs, operating procedure, environment and equipment. Indications of pulmonary function testing should be followed strictly. It is strongly recommended to suspend the test for the confirmed or suspected cases of COVID-19 during the contagious stage, and to postpone the test for other patients if it is not imperative. Medical personnel should mandatorily adhere to the standard stratification of precaution measures. Patients/Subjects should be isolated in a separate area for testing. Disposable in-line filters must be used during pulmonary function testing. Cleaning and disinfection procedures for environment and equipment in pulmonary function testing laboratory should be paid more attention. 新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）主要通过呼吸道飞沫传播及密切接触传播。肺功能检查可增加医务人员和受检者发生COVID-19传播的风险，必须严 格执行有效的预防和控制措施以防止院内感染。为了指导肺功能检查室医务人员做好防控工作，本指引结合肺功能检查的特点，制订了当前疫情下肺功能检查在医务 人员管理、检查流程管理和检查环境物品管理3个方面的要求及注意事项。主要强调在疫情流行期间，必须严格掌握肺功能检查的适应证，强烈建议COVID-1 9确诊病例或疑似病例在传染期内暂缓检查，其他病患如非病情急需也暂缓检查；肺功能室医务人员应严格执行标准分级防护措施；受试者应在单独区域进行隔离检 查；检查时必须使用一次性呼吸过滤器；并重视肺功能检查环境和设备的清洁消毒。.
JO  - Zhonghua jie he he hu xi za zhi = Zhonghua jiehe he huxi zazhi = Chinese journal of tuberculosis and respiratory diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 0
PG  - E032-E032
SP  - E032
EP  - E032
AN  - MEDLINE:32129580
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20200225-00175
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32129580
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Positive rate of RT-PCR detection of SARS-CoV-2 infection in 4880 cases from one hospital in Wuhan, China, from Jan to Feb 2020
AU  - Liu, Rui
AU  - Han, Huan
AU  - Liu, Fang
AU  - Lv, Zhihua
AU  - Wu, Kailang
AU  - Liu, Yingle
AU  - Feng, Yong
AU  - Zhu, Chengliang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background There’s an outbreak of a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection since December 2019, first in China, and currently with more than 80 thousand confirmed infection globally in 29 countries till March 2, 2020. Identification, isolation and caring for patients early are essential to limit human-to-human transmission including reducing secondary infections among close contacts and health care workers, preventing transmission amplification events. The RT-PCR detection of viral nucleic acid test (NAT) was one of the most quickly established laboratory diagnosis method in a novel viral pandemic, just as in this COVID-19 outbreak. Methods 4880 cases that had respiratory infection symptoms or close contact with COVID-19 patients in hospital in Wuhan, China, were tested for SARS-CoV-2 infection by use of quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) on samples from the respiratory tract. Positive rates were calculated in groups divided by genders or ages. Results The positive rate was about 38% for the total 4880 specimens. Male and older population had a significant higher positive rates. However, 57% was positive among the specimens from the Fever Clinics. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that age, not gender, was the risk factor for SARS-CoV-2 infection in fever clinics. Conclusions Therefore, we concluded that viral NAT played an important role in identifying SARS-CoV-2 infection.
JO  - Clinica Chimica Acta
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cca.2020.03.009
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0009898120301121
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Effective Chemicals against Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) in China
AU  - Liu, Wei
AU  - Zhu, Hai-Liang
AU  - Duan, Yongtao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Current topics in medicinal chemistry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - MEDLINE:32133962
DO  - 10.2174/1568026620999200305145032
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32133962
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Understanding Unreported Cases in the COVID-19 Epidemic Outbreak in Wuhan, China, and the Importance of Major Public Health Interventions
AU  - Liu, Zhihua
AU  - Magal, Pierre
AU  - Seydi, Ousmane
AU  - Webb, Glenn
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We develop a mathematical model to provide epidemic predictions for the COVID-19 epidemic in Wuhan, China. We use reported case data up to 31 January 2020 from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention and the Wuhan Municipal Health Commission to parameterize the model. From the parameterized model, we identify the number of unreported cases. We then use the model to project the epidemic forward with varying levels of public health interventions. The model predictions emphasize the importance of major public health interventions in controlling COVID-19 epidemics.
JO  - Biology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 3
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/biology9030050
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Comprehensive Genomic Characterization Analysis of lncRNAs in Cells With Porcine Delta Coronavirus Infection
AU  - Liui, Junli
AU  - Wang, Fangfang
AU  - Du, Liuyang
AU  - Li, Juan
AU  - Yu, Tianqi
AU  - Jin, Yulan
AU  - Yan, Yan
AU  - Zhou, Jiyong
AU  - Gu, Jinyan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Porcine delta coronavirus (PDCoV) is a novel emerging enterocytetropic virus causing diarrhea, vomiting, dehydration, and mortality in suckling piglets. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are known to be important regulators during virus infection. Here, we describe a comprehensive transcriptome profile of lncRNA in PDCoV-infected swine testicular (ST) cells. In total, 1,308 annotated and 1,190 novel lncRNA candidate sequences were identified. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis revealed that these lncRNAs might be involved in numerous biological processes. Clustering analysis of differentially expressed lncRNAs showed that 454 annotated and 376 novel lncRNAs were regulated after PDCoV infection. Furthermore, we constructed a lncRNA-protein-coding gene co-expression interaction network. The KEGG analysis of the co-expressed genes showed that these differentially expressed lncRNAs were enriched in pathways related to metabolism and TNF signaling. Our study provided comprehensive information about lncRNAs that would be a useful resource for studying the pathogenesis of and designing antiviral therapy for PDCoV infection.
JO  - Frontiers in Microbiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 10
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - WOS:000514316100001
DO  - 10.3389/fmicb.2019.03036
UR  - <Go to ISI>://WOS:000514316100001
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Duration of quarantine in hospitalized patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection: a question needing an answer
AU  - Lombardi, Andrea
AU  - Bozzi, Giorgio
AU  - Mangioni, Davide
AU  - Muscatello, Antonio
AU  - Peri, Anna Maria
AU  - Taramasso, Lucia
AU  - Ungaro, Riccardo
AU  - Bandera, Alessandra
AU  - Gori, Andrea
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019 a new form of pneumonia was observed in the Chinese province of Hubei.[1] The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was subsequently identified as responsible of this condition, defined coronavirus disease (COVID-19).[2] The virus has now spread outside Chinese borders with 82,297 cases and 2,804 deaths worldwide at the 26th of February.[3] After infection, symptoms appear after an incubation time of 3-5 days, with 80% of those infected developing a mild disease, 15% a severe disease and 5% will require support in intensive care unit (ICU).[4] Overall, the estimated case-fatality rate is comprised between 0.4% and 2.9% and the basic reproduction number is approximately 3.28.[4,5] SARS-CoV-2 is a new pathogen for humankind and any type of immune protection exist, thus everybody can be potentially infected. Moreover, no primary prophylaxis measures (vaccination) nor effective treatments are available. If the above represented percentages are applied to the worldwide populations, it appears clear why any measure should be considered to avoid a further diffusion of the virus and prevent the saturation and collapse of health systems and the most catastrophic pandemic since 1919 Spanish flu. Isolation of those affected and the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) are the mainstay to block transmission of this pathogen, which is presumed through respiratory droplets. A 14 days quarantine is applied to subjects coming from endemic areas or who had contact with confirmed cases. It is assumed that, if in this period the subject does not develop any sign or symptoms compatible with COVID-19, he is not infected and thus the quarantine can be removed, and the subject returned to the community. Domiciliary quarantine of 14 days since a positive test is applied also for patients with a diagnosed mild disease who did not need medical support. These rules are effective in controlling infections in the community, but several doubts arise when it is necessary to transpose them in the hospital setting. Hospitals are indeed a delicate place in epidemics: they collect fragile persons who can be exposed to the virus and are subsequently readmitted to the community thus spreading the infection. Indeed, the ongoing outbreak in Northern Italy has been linked to a single infected patient who accessed to a community hospital where he transmitted the virus to several other patients and health-care operators.[6] Moreover, the isolation of patients in the hospital setting impose a significant burden in terms of PPE used by the health-care operators, space dedicated and time employed in their management. Even more complex is the situation of patients in ICU, where viral spreading is facilitated by endotracheal tubes and manoeuvres performed on the respiratory tract. Therefore, a clear definition of the infectiousness timing and intensity of viral spreading is mandatory to alleviate the burden on the health-care system. Unfortunately, the data available on the topic are scarce and composed only of measurements of viral shedding, without an assessment of the infectivity. Kim et al.[7] assessed the viral load kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 in upper and lower respiratory tract materials in the first two confirmed patients in Korea. They employed real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) to detect SARS-CoV-2 and converted cycle threshold (CT) values of rRT-PCR into RNA copy number. The detection limit of rRT-PCR was 2,690 copies/mL. Overall, viral load above detection limit was detected until 14 and 25 days after symptoms onset and for 13 and 11 days after the first detection, respectively.[7] Of note, both patients received treatment with lopinavir/ritonavir. Instead, Zou and colleagues analysed viral load in repeated nasal and throat swabs obtained from the 17 symptomatic patients.[8] They also employed rRT-PCR and considered a CT of 40 as detection limit. Higher viral loads were observed in nasal swabs and in samples collected soon after symptoms onset. Overall, only two patients prese ted positive samples, and only in nasal swab, 14 days after symptoms onset, and with low viral load. In conclusion, a larger amount of data about duration of viral spreading and infectivity in hospitalized patients, especially in ICU, is badly needed to better define quarantine period and avoid nosocomial transmission. Before their availability, the canonical 14 days period of quarantine should be respected.
JO  - Journal of Hospital Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2020.03.003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S019567012030102X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 2019-novel coronavirus outbreak: A new challenge
AU  - Lupia, Tommaso
AU  - Scabini, Silvia
AU  - Pinna, Simone Mornese
AU  - Di Perri, Giovanni
AU  - De Rosa, Francesco Giuseppe
AU  - Corcione, Silvia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objectives Following the public health emergency declared by the World Health Organization and the recent outbreak by 2019-nCoV in China and through other 29 countries, we aimed to summarize the clinical aspects of novel beta-coronavirus infection and its possible clinical presentations together with suggested therapeutic algorithms for patients who may require antibiotic treatment. Methods We reviewed the currently available literature of microbiologically confirmed infections by 2019-ConV (or COVID-19) occurred at the time of writing (13 February 2020). A literature search was performed using the PubMed database and the Cochrane library. Search terms included "novel coronavirus" or "2019-nCoV" or “COVID-19”. Results Published cases occurred mostly in males (age ranged from 8 to 92). Cardiovascular, digestive and endocrine system diseases were commonly reported, except previous chronic pulmonary diseases (e.g., COPD, asthma, bronchiectasis) that were surprisingly underreported. Fever was presented in all the case series available, flanked by cough, dyspnea, myalgias and fatigue. Multiple bilateral lobular and subsegmental areas of consolidation or bilateral ground-glass opacities were the main reported radiological features of 2019-nCoV, at least in the early phases of disease. Conclusions The new 2019-nCoV epidemics is mainly associated with respiratory disease and few extrapulmonary signs. However, there is a low rate of associated pre-existing respiratory comorbidities.
JO  - Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgar.2020.02.021
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213716520300503
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Machine Learning, COVID-19 (2019-nCoV), and multi-OMICS
AU  - Tárnok, Attila
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The primary plan of my editorial for this month was to highlight and comment on the special issue of this month: “Machine Learning for Single Cell Data”. I wish to emphasize and thank the Guest Editors of this special issue, Yvan Saeys and Greg Finak, for their outstanding success and hard work to assemble excellent manuscripts for this issue. I am referring to their guest editorial giving you more details on aims and scopes and elaborating on specific articles. I started drafting this editorial while attending the annual Photonics West conference in San Francisco, presumably the largest showcase on photonics technologies and instrumentation. Scientifically, the sub‐conference BIOS demonstrated the broadness and vividness of photonics technologies in life sciences and particularly in single cell analysis. When searching for relevant literature for this editorial, I was also tracking the actual global developments. This brought me to change my focus and comment on some issues that are relevant to our field and somewhat related to that of the special issue. First of all, Nature Methods announced their Method of the Year 2019 1. It is: “Single‐cell multimodal omics” and acknowledges (among others) the important contribution of highly multiplexed flow cytometry and cell sorting to the increased understanding of single cell biology and cell systems. This is motivating and confirms that cytometry is receiving the focus of attention. Concurrently, in the last weeks the relevance of the recent COVID‐19 (2019‐nCoV) outbreak and its effects started to become evident as everybody was monitoring the number of cases registered globally 2. As conference chairs, we were facing the fact that many of our speakers and colleagues became unavailable. Not only that, but the eeriness of the infection (it is transmissible already during its asymptomatic latency period of up to two weeks, recent results indicate even longer) gave many attendees an uneasy feeling. This brings me to two points worth discussing. (a) Are large scale conferences with global attendance still state of the art or should they be rethought; and (b) to what extent can cytometry support global efforts in various fields of epidemic outbreaks of infectious diseases? In the past one to two decades the world faced several outbreaks of different viral infections that were luckily not as disastrous as initially anticipated but still claimed victims. These were coronaviruses such as the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (SARS‐CoV) in 2002/2003, the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (MERS‐CoV) with occasional outbreaks since 2012 or influenza viruses like the H1N1 pandemic in 2009/2010. It is only a matter of time until other pandemics follow. Global travel for work and leisure supports viral spread and can transport the infection to nearly all places of the globe within days. Global conferences contribute to such a rapid spread and one should reconsider this model of scientific exchange from time to time and scrutinize potential alternatives. Models for sustainable international conferences are under testing and combine venues in close proximity to institutions with a substantial expertise on the focus area of the conference with virtual participation and contribution by internet for participants on more distant places. Although personal meetings are essential for optimal information exchange, a reduction in travel would not only reduce the risk of dissemination of disease but, as a side effect, could result in budgetary savings, reduce travel‐related emissions (in the wake of Greta), and eliminate jetlag. Now, what can Cytometry do for help in pandemics? Cytometry has already supported several achievements as a quick and non‐representative literature search shows. Image cytometry methods 3 and bead‐based flow cytometry methods 4 are at hand to enable for screening and detecting antibody virus interactions and detect viral antigens. Airway memory T‐cells and viral E protein mutations have been identified in CoV infections a potential targets for vaccine strategies 5, 6. Immune responses seem to be indicative of disease severity 6, 7 but more studies are needed to have a practical assay for decision making at hand. In fact, easy to use and rapid assays derived from Cytomics or multi‐OMICS approaches are needed to rapidly distinguish severe from mild cases and identify future critically ill individuals before symptom onset. Such a test would clearly take the pressure off of the clinicians because only those with high probability to becoming critically ill would receive intensive care early. Hopefully we will see more related studies in this journal in the near future.
JO  - Cytometry Part A
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 97
IS  - 3
PG  - 215-216
SP  - 215
EP  - 216
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/cyto.a.23990
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/cyto.a.23990
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - RETRACTION: Retraction-Chinese medical staff request international medical assistance in fighting against COVID-19
AU  - The Editors Of The Lancet Global, Health
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet. Global health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - MEDLINE:32113504
DO  - 10.1016/s2214-109x(20)30076-0
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32113504
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - What we do when a COVID-19 patient needs an operation: operating room preparation and guidance
AU  - Ti, Lian Kah
AU  - Ang, Lin Stella
AU  - Foong, Theng Wai
AU  - Ng, Bryan Su Wei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We read with interest the recent review in the Journal by Wax and Christian1 on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The first case of COVID-19 in Singapore was confirmed on 23 January 2020.2 In the week of February 13–19, the World Health Organization reported that Singapore had more cases of COVID-19 than any other country outside of mainland China.3 We wish to share the protocol that we use in our hospital in preparing an operating room (OR) for confirmed or suspected COVID-19 patients coming for surgery. An OR with a negative pressure environment located at a corner of the operating complex, and with a separate access, is designated for all confirmed (or suspected) COVID-19 cases. The OR actually consists of five interconnected rooms, of which only the ante room and anesthesia induction rooms have negative atmospheric pressures. The OR proper, preparation, and scrub rooms all have positive pressures (eFig. 1 in the Electronic Supplementary Material [ESM]). Understanding the airflow within the OR is crucial to minimizing the risk of infection. The same OR and the same anesthesia machine will only be used for COVID-19 cases for the duration of the epidemic. An additional heat and moisture exchanger (HME) filter is placed on the expiratory limb of the circuit. Both HME filters and the soda lime are changed after each case. The anesthetic drug trolley is kept in the induction room. Before the start of each operation, the anesthesiologist puts all the drugs and equipment required for the procedure onto a tray to avoid handling of the drug trolley during the case. Nevertheless, if there is a need for additional drugs, hand hygiene and glove changing are performed before entering the induction room and handling the drug trolley.SN - 1496-8975
JO  - Canadian Journal of Anesthesia/Journal canadien d'anesthésie
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12630-020-01617-4
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12630-020-01617-4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - World braces for economic impact
AU  - Vaughan, Adam
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The repercussions for businesses, workers and supply chains could be severe
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 245
IS  - 3272
PG  - 10-10
SP  - 10
EP  - 10
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30477-2
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920304772
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Immediate Psychological Responses and Associated Factors during the Initial Stage of the 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Epidemic among the General Population in China
AU  - Wang, Cuiyan
AU  - Pan, Riyu
AU  - Wan, Xiaoyang
AU  - Tan, Yilin
AU  - Xu, Linkang
AU  - Ho, S. Cyrus
AU  - Ho, C. Roger
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background: The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic is a public health emergency of international concern and poses a challenge to psychological resilience. Research data are needed to develop evidence-driven strategies to reduce adverse psychological impacts and psychiatric symptoms during the epidemic. The aim of this study was to survey the general public in China to better understand their levels of psychological impact, anxiety, depression, and stress during the initial stage of the COVID-19 outbreak. The data will be used for future reference. Methods: From 31 January to 2 February 2020, we conducted an online survey using snowball sampling techniques. The online survey collected information on demographic data, physical symptoms in the past 14 days, contact history with COVID-19, knowledge and concerns about COVID-19, precautionary measures against COVID-19, and additional information required with respect to COVID-19. Psychological impact was assessed by the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), and mental health status was assessed by the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21). Results: This study included 1210 respondents from 194 cities in China. In total, 53.8% of respondents rated the psychological impact of the outbreak as moderate or severe; 16.5% reported moderate to severe depressive symptoms; 28.8% reported moderate to severe anxiety symptoms; and 8.1% reported moderate to severe stress levels. Most respondents spent 20&ndash;24 h per day at home (84.7%); were worried about their family members contracting COVID-19 (75.2%); and were satisfied with the amount of health information available (75.1%). Female gender, student status, specific physical symptoms (e.g., myalgia, dizziness, coryza), and poor self-rated health status were significantly associated with a greater psychological impact of the outbreak and higher levels of stress, anxiety, and depression (p &lt; 0.05). Specific up-to-date and accurate health information (e.g., treatment, local outbreak situation) and particular precautionary measures (e.g., hand hygiene, wearing a mask) were associated with a lower psychological impact of the outbreak and lower levels of stress, anxiety, and depression (p &lt; 0.05). Conclusions: During the initial phase of the COVID-19 outbreak in China, more than half of the respondents rated the psychological impact as moderate-to-severe, and about one-third reported moderate-to-severe anxiety. Our findings identify factors associated with a lower level of psychological impact and better mental health status that can be used to formulate psychological interventions to improve the mental health of vulnerable groups during the COVID-19 epidemic.
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 17
IS  - 5
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/ijerph17051729
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Response to COVID-19 in Taiwan
AU  - Wang, C. Jason
AU  - Ng, Chun Y.
AU  - Brook, Robert H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Taiwan is 81 miles off the coast of mainland China and was expected to have the second highest number of cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) due to its proximity to and number of flights between China.1 The country has 23 million citizens of which 850 000 reside in and 404 000 work in China.2,3 In 2019, 2.71 million visitors from the mainland traveled to Taiwan.4 As such, Taiwan has been on constant alert and ready to act on epidemics arising from China ever since the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) epidemic in 2003. Given the continual spread of COVID-19 around the world, understanding the action items that were implemented quickly in Taiwan and assessing the effectiveness of these actions in preventing a large-scale epidemic may be instructive for other countries. COVID-19 occurred just before the Lunar New Year during which time millions of Chinese and Taiwanese were expected to travel for the holidays. Taiwan quickly mobilized and instituted specific approaches for case identification, containment, and resource allocation to protect the public health. Taiwan leveraged its national health insurance database and integrated it with its immigration and customs database to begin the creation of big data for analytics; it generated real-time alerts during a clinical visit based on travel history and clinical symptoms to aid case identification. It also used new technology, including QR code scanning and online reporting of travel history and health symptoms to classify travelers’ infectious risks based on flight origin and travel history in the past 14 days. Persons with low risk (no travel to level 3 alert areas) were sent a health declaration border pass via SMS (short message service) messaging to their phones for faster immigration clearance; those with higher risk (recent travel to level 3 alert areas) were quarantined at home and tracked through their mobile phone to ensure that they remained at home during the incubation period. Moreover, Taiwan enhanced COVID-19 case finding by proactively seeking out patients with severe respiratory symptoms (based on information from the National Health Insurance [NHI] database) who had tested negative for influenza and retested them for COVID-19; 1 was found of 113 cases. The toll-free number 1922 served as a hotline for citizens to report suspicious symptoms or cases in themselves or others; as the disease progressed, this hotline has reached full capacity, so each major city was asked to create its own hotline as an alternative. It is not known how often this hotline has been used. The government addressed the issue of disease stigma and compassion for those affected by providing food, frequent health checks, and encouragement for those under quarantine. This rapid response included hundreds of action items (eTable in the Supplement).
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.3151
UR  - https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2762689
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and the cardiovascular system
AU  - Zheng, Ying-Ying
AU  - Ma, Yi-Tong
AU  - Zhang, Jin-Ying
AU  - Xie, Xiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infects host cells through ACE2 receptors, leading to coronavirus disease (COVID-19)-related pneumonia, while also causing acute myocardial injury and chronic damage to the cardiovascular system. Therefore, particular attention should be given to cardiovascular protection during treatment for COVID-19.
JO  - Nature Reviews Cardiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41569-020-0360-5
UR  - http://www.nature.com/articles/s41569-020-0360-5
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - CT Features of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pneumonia in 62 Patients in Wuhan, China
AU  - Zhou, S.
AU  - Wang, Y.
AU  - Zhu, T.
AU  - Xia, L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to investigate 62 subjects in Wuhan, China, with laboratory-confirmed coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pneumonia and describe the CT features of this epidemic disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS. A retrospective study of 62 consecutive patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia was performed. CT images and clinical data were reviewed. Two thoracic radiologists evaluated the distribution and CT signs of the lesions and also scored the extent of involvement of the CT signs. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare lesion distribution and CT scores. The chi-square test was used to compare the CT signs of early-phase versus advanced-phase COVID-19 pneumonia. RESULTS. A total of 62 patients (39 men and 23 women; mean [+/- SD] age, 52.8 +/- 12.2 years; range, 30-77 years) with COVID-19 pneumonia were evaluated. Twenty-four of 30 patients who underwent routine blood tests (80.0%) had a decreased lymphocyte count. Of 27 patients who had their erythrocyte sedimentation rate and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level assessed, 18 (66.7%) had an increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and all 27 (100.0%) had an elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level. Multiple lesions were seen on the initial CT scan of 52 of 62 patients (83.9%). Forty-eight of 62 patients (77.4%) had predominantly peripheral distribution of lesions. The mean CT score for the upper zone (3.0 +/- 3.4) was significantly lower than that for the middle (4.5 +/- 3.8) and lower (4.5 +/- 3.7) zones (p = 0.022 and p = 0.020, respectively), and there was no significant difference in the mean CT score of the middle and lower zones (p = 1.00). The mean CT score for the anterior area (4.4 +/- 4.1) was significantly lower than that for the posterior area (7.7 +/- 6.3) (p = 0.003). CT findings for the patients were as follows: 25 patients (40.3%) had ground-glass opacities (GGO), 21 (33.9%), consolidation; 39 (62.9%), GGO plus a reticular pattern; 34 (54.8%), vacuolar sign; 28 (45.2%), microvascular dilation sign; 35 (56.5%), fibrotic streaks; 21 (33.9%), a subpleural line; and 33 (53.2%), a subpleural transparent line. With regard to bronchial changes seen on CT, 45 patients (72.6%) had air bronchogram, and 11 (17.7%) had bronchus distortion. In terms of pleural changes, CT showed that 30 patients (48.4%) had pleural thickening, 35 (56.5%) had pleural retraction sign, and six (9.7%) had pleural effusion. Compared with early-phase disease (</= 7 days after the onset of symptoms), advanced-phase disease (8-14 days after the onset of symptoms) was characterized by significantly increased frequencies of GGO plus a reticular pattern, vacuolar sign, fibrotic streaks, a subpleural line, a subpleural transparent line, air bronchogram, bronchus distortion, and pleural effusion; however, GGO significantly decreased in advanced-phase disease. CONCLUSION. CT examination of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia showed a mixed and diverse pattern with both lung parenchyma and the interstitium involved. Identification of GGO and a single lesion on the initial CT scan suggested early-phase disease. CT signs of aggravation and repair coexisted in advanced-phase disease. Lesions presented with a characteristic multifocal distribution in the middle and lower lung regions and in the posterior lung area. A decreased lymphocyte count and an increased high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level were the most common laboratory findings.
JO  - AJR. American journal of roentgenology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-8
SP  - 1
EP  - 8
AN  - 32134681
DO  - 10.2214/ajr.20.22975
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [The differential diagnosis of pulmonary infiltrates in cancer patients during the outbreak of the 2019 novel coronavirus disease]
AU  - Zhu, W. J.
AU  - Wang, J.
AU  - He, X. H.
AU  - Qin, Y.
AU  - Yang, S.
AU  - Hu, X. S.
AU  - Wang, H. Y.
AU  - Huang, J.
AU  - Zhou, A. P.
AU  - Ma, F.
AU  - Shi, Y. K.
AU  - Zhou, S. Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To investigate the principles of differential diagnosis of pulmonary infiltrates in cancer patients during the outbreak of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by analyzing one case of lymphoma who presented pulmonary ground-glass opacities (GGO) after courses of chemotherapy. Methods: Baseline demographics and clinicopathological data of eligible patients were retrieved from medical records. Information of clinical manifestations, history of epidemiology, lab tests and chest CT scan images of visiting patients from February 13 to February 28 were collected. Literatures about pulmonary infiltrates in cancer patients were searched from databases including PUBMED, EMBASE and CNKI. Results: Among the 139 cancer patients underwent chest CT scans before chemotherapy, pulmonary infiltrates were identified in eight patients (5.8%), five of whom were characterized as GGOs in lungs. 2019-nCoV nuclear acid testing was performed in three patients and the results were negative. One case was a 66-year-old man diagnosed as non-Hodgkin lymphoma and underwent CHOP chemotherapy regimen. His chest CT scan image displayed multiple GGOs in lungs and the complete blood count showed decreased lymphocytes. This patient denied any contact with confirmed/suspected cases of 2019-nCoV infection and without fever and other respiratory symptoms. Considering the negative result of nuclear acid testing, this patient was presumptively diagnosed as viral pneumonia and an experiential anti-infection treatment had been prescribed for him. Conclusions: The 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) complicates the clinical scenario of pulmonary infiltrates in cancer patients. The epidemic history, clinical manifestation, CT scan image and lab test should be combined consideration. The 2019-nCoV nuclear acid testing might be applicated in more selected patients. Active anti-infection treatment and surveillance of patient condition should be initiated if infectious disease is considered.
JO  - Zhonghua zhong liu za zhi [Chinese journal of oncology]
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 42
IS  - 0
PG  - E008
SP  - E008
EP  - 
AN  - 32133833
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20200303-00166
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Potential false-positive rate among the 'asymptomatic infected individuals' in close contacts of COVID-19 patients]
AU  - Zhuang, G. H.
AU  - Shen, M. W.
AU  - Zeng, L. X.
AU  - Mi, B. B.
AU  - Chen, F. Y.
AU  - Liu, W. J.
AU  - Pei, L. L.
AU  - Qi, X.
AU  - Li, C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: As the prevention and control of COVID-19continues to advance, the active nucleic acid test screening in the close contacts of the patients has been carrying out in many parts of China. However, the false-positive rate of positive results in the screening has not been reported up to now. But to clearify the false-positive rate during screening is important in COVID-19 control and prevention. Methods: Point values and reasonable ranges of the indicators which impact the false-positive rate of positive results were estimated based on the information available to us at present. The false-positive rate of positive results in the active screening was deduced, and univariate and multivariate-probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed to understand the robustness of the findings. Results: When the infection rate of the close contacts and the sensitivity and specificity of reported results were taken as the point estimates, the positive predictive value of the active screening was only 19.67%, in contrast, the false-positive rate of positive results was 80.33%. The multivariate-probabilistic sensitivity analysis results supported the base-case findings, with a 75% probability for the false-positive rate of positive results over 47%. Conclusions: In the close contacts of COVID-19 patients, nearly half or even more of the 'asymptomatic infected individuals' reported in the active nucleic acid test screening might be false positives.
JO  - Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi = Zhonghua liuxingbingxue zazhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 4
PG  - 485-488
SP  - 485
EP  - 488
AN  - 32133832
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200221-00144
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - FDG PET/CT of COVID-19
AU  - Zou, S.
AU  - Zhu, X.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 200770
SP  - 200770
EP  - 
AN  - 32142399
DO  - 10.1148/radiol.2020200770
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The explosive epidemic outbreak of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the persistent threat of respiratory tract infectious diseases to global health security
AU  - Zumla, A.
AU  - Niederman, M. S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Current opinion in pulmonary medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32132379
DO  - 10.1097/mcp.0000000000000676
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - オープンサイエンスの効果と課題―新型コロナウイルスおよびCOVID-19に関する学術界の動向
AU  - 有為, 池内
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 1．はじめに オープンサイエンスの効果はさまざまに論じられてき た。たとえば経済協力開発機構（OECD）の報告書 1) では， 科学研究の効率化，研究の透明性や質の向上，技術革新の 加速，経済への波及効果，地球規模の課題への取り組み， 共同研究の推進などが挙げられている。 折しも 2019 年 12 月以降，新型コロナウイルス（2019- nCoV）の感染が中国の武漢市から世界中に拡大して「地 球規模の課題」となっている。2020 年 1 月 30 日には世 界保健機関（WHO）が国際的な緊急事態であると宣言し た 2)。これに対して各国・地域の研究者，助成機関，学術 出版社といったステークホルダーが最新の研究成果の公開 と再利用を進めて対策にあたるという，まさに「オープン サイエンス」というべき動きが起きている。そこで本稿は 新型コロナウイルスに関する学術界の動向を概観した上 で，今回の事例におけるオープンサイエンスの効果と課題 について考察したい。なお，本稿の記述は 2020 年 2 月 6 日時点の情報に基づいている（情報が古い箇所もあろうか と思いますが，ご容赦を）。
JO  - 情報の科学と技術
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 70
IS  - 3
PG  - 140-143
SP  - 140
EP  - 143
AN  - 
DO  - 10.18919/jkg.70.3_140
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Is SARS-CoV-2 originated from laboratory? A rebuttal to the claim of formation via laboratory recombination
AU  - Hao, Pei
AU  - Zhong, Wu
AU  - Song, Shiyang
AU  - Fan, Shiyong
AU  - Li, Xuan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Emerg Microbes Infect
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
PG  - 545-547
SP  - 545
EP  - 547
AN  - 32148173
DO  - 10.1080/22221751.2020.1738279
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32148173
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - An Invited Commentary on "World Health Organization declares Global Emergency: A review of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19)": Emergency or New Reality?
AU  - Purcell, Laura N.
AU  - Charles, Anthony G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International Journal of Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.03.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1743919120302144
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Influence of trust on two different risk perceptions as an affective and cognitive dimension during Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) outbreak in South Korea: serial cross-sectional surveys
AU  - Jang, Won Mo
AU  - Kim, Un-Na
AU  - Jang, Deok Hyun
AU  - Jung, Hyemin
AU  - Cho, Sanghyun
AU  - Eun, Sang Jun
AU  - Lee, Jin Yong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to assess the affective and cognitive risk perceptions in the general population of Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) during the 2015 MERS coronavirus (MERS-CoV) outbreak in South Korea and the influencing factors. DESIGN: Serial cross-sectional design with four consecutive surveys. SETTING: Nationwide general population in South Korea. PARTICIPANTS: Overall 4010 respondents (aged 19 years and over) from the general population during the MERS-CoV epidemic were included. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: The main outcome measures were (1) affective risk perception, (2) cognitive risk perception, and (3) trust in the government. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to identify factors (demographic, socioeconomic, area and political orientation) associated with risk perceptions. RESULTS: Both affective and cognitive risk perceptions decreased as the MERS-CoV epidemic progressed. Proportions of affective risk perception were higher in all surveys and slowly decreased compared with cognitive risk perception over time. Females (adjusted OR (aOR) 1.72-2.00; 95% CI 1.14 to 2.86) and lower self-reported household economic status respondents were more likely to perceive the affective risk. The older the adults, the higher the affective risk perception, but the lower the cognitive risk perception compared with younger adults. The respondents who had low trust in the government had higher affective (aOR 2.19-3.11; 95 CI 1.44 to 4.67) and cognitive (aOR 3.55-5.41; 95 CI 1.44 to 9.01) risk perceptions. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that even if cognitive risk perception is dissolved, affective risk perception can continue during MERS-CoV epidemic. Risk perception associating factors (ie, gender, age and self-reported household economic status) appear to be noticeably different between affective and cognitive dimensions. It also indicates that trust in the government influences affective risk perception and cognitive risk perception. There is a need for further efforts to understand the mechanism regarding the general public's risk perception for eﬀective risk communication.
JO  - BMJ Open
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 10
IS  - 3
PG  - e033026-e033026
SP  - e033026
EP  - e033026
AN  - 32139484
DO  - 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-033026
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32139484
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Incubation Period of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) From Publicly Reported Confirmed Cases: Estimation and Application
AU  - Lauer, Stephen A.
AU  - Grantz, Kyra H.
AU  - Bi, Qifang
AU  - Jones, Forrest K.
AU  - Zheng, Qulu
AU  - Meredith, Hannah R.
AU  - Azman, Andrew S.
AU  - Reich, Nicholas G.
AU  - Lessler, Justin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: A novel human coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was identified in China in December 2019. There is limited support for many of its key epidemiologic features, including the incubation period for clinical disease (coronavirus disease 2019 [COVID-19]), which has important implications for surveillance and control activities. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the length of the incubation period of COVID-19 and describe its public health implications. DESIGN: Pooled analysis of confirmed COVID-19 cases reported between 4 January 2020 and 24 February 2020. SETTING: News reports and press releases from 50 provinces, regions, and countries outside Wuhan, Hubei province, China. PARTICIPANTS: Persons with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection outside Hubei province, China. MEASUREMENTS: Patient demographic characteristics and dates and times of possible exposure, symptom onset, fever onset, and hospitalization. RESULTS: There were 181 confirmed cases with identifiable exposure and symptom onset windows to estimate the incubation period of COVID-19. The median incubation period was estimated to be 5.1 days (95% CI, 4.5 to 5.8 days), and 97.5% of those who develop symptoms will do so within 11.5 days (CI, 8.2 to 15.6 days) of infection. These estimates imply that, under conservative assumptions, 101 out of every 10 000 cases (99th percentile, 482) will develop symptoms after 14 days of active monitoring or quarantine. LIMITATION: Publicly reported cases may overrepresent severe cases, the incubation period for which may differ from that of mild cases. CONCLUSION: This work provides additional evidence for a median incubation period for COVID-19 of approximately 5 days, similar to SARS. Our results support current proposals for the length of quarantine or active monitoring of persons potentially exposed to SARS-CoV-2, although longer monitoring periods might be justified in extreme cases. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of General Medical Sciences, and Alexander von Humboldt Foundation.
JO  - Ann Intern Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.7326/M20-0504
SP  - 10.7326/M20
EP  - 0504
AN  - 32150748
DO  - 10.7326/M20-0504
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32150748
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - In Vitro Antiviral Activity and Projection of Optimized Dosing Design of Hydroxychloroquine for the Treatment of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
AU  - Yao, Xueting
AU  - Ye, Fei
AU  - Zhang, Miao
AU  - Cui, Cheng
AU  - Huang, Baoying
AU  - Niu, Peihua
AU  - Liu, Xu
AU  - Zhao, Li
AU  - Dong, Erdan
AU  - Song, Chunli
AU  - Zhan, Siyan
AU  - Lu, Roujian
AU  - Li, Haiyan
AU  - Tan, Wenjie
AU  - Liu, Dongyang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) first broke out in Wuhan (China) and subsequently spread worldwide. Chloroquine has been sporadically used in treating SARS-CoV-2 infection. Hydroxychloroquine shares the same mechanism of action as chloroquine, but its more tolerable safety profile makes it the preferred drug to treat malaria and autoimmune conditions. We propose that the immunomodulatory effect of hydroxychloroquine also may be useful in controlling the cytokine storm that occurs late-phase in critically ill SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. Currently, there is no evidence to support the use of hydroxychloroquine in SARS-CoV-2 infection. METHODS: The pharmacological activity of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine was tested using SARS-CoV-2 infected Vero cells. Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic models (PBPK) were implemented for both drugs separately by integrating their in vitro data. Using the PBPK models, hydroxychloroquine concentrations in lung fluid were simulated under 5 different dosing regimens to explore the most effective regimen whilst considering the drug's safety profile. RESULTS: Hydroxychloroquine (EC50=0.72 μM) was found to be more potent than chloroquine (EC50=5.47 μM) in vitro. Based on PBPK models results, a loading dose of 400 mg twice daily of hydroxychloroquine sulfate given orally, followed by a maintenance dose of 200 mg given twice daily for 4 days is recommended for SARS-CoV-2 infection, as it reached three times the potency of chloroquine phosphate when given 500 mg twice daily 5 days in advance. CONCLUSIONS: Hydroxychloroquine was found to be more potent than chloroquine to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 in vitro.
JO  - Clin Infect Dis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - ciaa237
SP  - ciaa237
EP  - 
AN  - 32150618
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa237
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32150618
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How will country-based mitigation measures influence the course of the COVID-19 epidemic?
AU  - Anderson, Roy M.
AU  - Heesterbeek, Hans
AU  - Klinkenberg, Don
AU  - Hollingsworth, T. Déirdre
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - What has happened in China shows that quarantine, social distancing, and isolation of infected populations can contain the epidemic.1 This impact of the COVID-19 response in China is encouraging for the many countries where COVID-19 is beginning to spread. However, it is unclear whether other countries can implement the stringent measures China eventually adopted. Singapore and Hong Kong, both of which had severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) epidemics in 2002–03, provide hope and many lessons to other countries. In both places, COVID-19 has been managed well to date, despite early cases, by early government action and through social distancing measures taken by individuals. The course of an epidemic is defined by a series of key factors, some of which are poorly understood at present for COVID-19. The basic reproduction number (R0), which defines the mean number of secondary cases generated by one primary case when the population is largely susceptible to infection, determines the overall number of people who are likely to be infected, or more precisely the area under the epidemic curve. For an epidemic to take hold, the value of R0 must be greater than unity in value. A simple calculation gives the fraction likely to be infected without mitigation. This fraction is roughly 1–1/R0. With R0 values for COVID-19 in China around 2·5 in the early stages of the epidemic,2 we calculate that approximately 60% of the population would become infected. This is a very worst-case scenario for a number of reasons. We are uncertain about transmission in children, some communities are remote and unlikely to be exposed, voluntary social distancing by individuals and communities will have an impact, and mitigation efforts, such as the measures put in place in China, greatly reduce transmission. As an epidemic progresses, the effective reproduction number (R) declines until it falls below unity in value when the epidemic peaks and then decays, either due to the exhaustion of people susceptible to infection or the impact of control measures.
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30567-5
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30567-5
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How an Australian researcher ended up in the spotlight at a White House coronavirus briefing
AU  - Malakoff, David
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - When Craig Dalton heard that his name came up at a nationally televised White House press briefing Monday, the medical epidemiologist at the University of Newcastle in Australia says “I didn’t believe it.” Dalton did a quick websearch and his disbelief transformed into amazement. “Turned out, it was actually true,” he told ScienceInsider. Dalton’s unexpected moment in the media spotlight came as Deborah Birx, the White House’s coronavirus response coordinator, and Anthony Fauci, the head of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, stepped to the White House lectern to describe a new set of guidelines that the U.S. government would be distributing as part of its effort to slow the spread of coronavirus 2019 (COVID-2019) in the United States.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb6611
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/node/2453506
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Houston we have a problem: coronavirus!
AU  - Wiffen, Philip
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Eur J Hosp Pharm
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 27
IS  - 2
PG  - 59-59
SP  - 59
EP  - 59
AN  - 32133129
DO  - 10.1136/ejhpharm-2020-002240
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32133129 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7043250/
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Hospital biopreparedness in the Looming Presence of SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19
AU  - Popescu, Saskia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The recent analysis of 138 hospitalized patients in Wuhan, China, and their clinical characteristics, has given credence to stronger investments into hospital biopreparedness and overall infection prevention efforts.1 Within this analysis, researchers found two pieces that are particularly relevant to healthcare preparedness: first, that 26% of patients required admission to an intensive care unit, and second, that 41% of cases were related to healthcare transmission. Patients requiring medical care in an intensive care unit inherently burden the system more, both in terms of supplies in personnel, but also because they typically have greater lengths of stay. The volume of healthcare‐associated cases is an indicator of infection prevention breakdowns, which points to the potential for hospitals to further spread the disease. This is not a unique finding, however, and similar situations have been observed in previous coronavirus outbreaks. Indeed, hospitals can easily act as amplifiers for disease transmission during these events. In 2003, the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (SARS‐CoV) outbreak in Toronto highlighted this very real vulnerability, where busy emergency departments, delays in isolation, and improper personal protective equipment (PPE) use fueled the spread of disease in several hospitals.2 Enhanced infection prevention measures were eventually implemented (higher level of PPE, masking when in public areas, among others), which helped bring transmission to halt. After the outbreak was believed to be over, however, directives were given to discontinue those enhanced infection prevention measures. As a result of this and staff no longer routinely wearing masks in general hospital areas, a second phase of the outbreak began. An overwhelming majority of cases in Phase II of the Toronto SARS‐CoV were related to healthcare transmission.3
JO  - Health Science Reports
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - e00149
SP  - e00149
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/hsr2.149
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.149
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - High-throughput sequencing for confirmation of suspected 2019-nCoV infection identified by fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction
AU  - Guan, Wen-Da
AU  - Chen, Li-Ping
AU  - Ye, Feng
AU  - Ye, Dan
AU  - Wu, Shi-Guan
AU  - Zhou, Hong-Xia
AU  - He, Jia-Yang
AU  - Yang, Chun-Guang
AU  - Zeng, Zhi-Qi
AU  - Wang, Yu-Tao
AU  - Li, Run-Feng
AU  - Du, Qiu-Ling
AU  - Liang, Xiao-Li
AU  - Ma, Qing-Hai
AU  - Yang, Zi-Feng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Chin Med J (Engl)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000792
SP  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000792
EP  - 
AN  - 32149770
DO  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000792
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32149770
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Helen Salisbury: Is general practice prepared for a pandemic?
AU  - Salisbury, Helen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The very short answer is no. As I write this, on 8 March, we haven’t received our personal protective equipment at our practice or any training in how to use it. We’re adapting our systems so that every patient is triaged rather than booking in directly, but we haven’t yet worked out whether, or how, to stop people with respiratory symptoms and fever from walking into our surgery.We’re juggling the need to maintain our routine services for patients while keeping everyone safe from a virus we know is out there, but we don’t …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m944
SP  - m944
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m944
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/content/368/bmj.m944.abstract
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Healing the schism between public health and medicine, promoting the integration of prevention and treatment
AU  - Tao, F. B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The 'Healing the Schism: Epidemiology, Medicine, and the Public's Health' by professor Kerr L. White's be published has a history of nearly 30 years. Since then, although scholars have appealed to incorporating public health and clinical medicine education, and breaking down separations between public health and clinical workforce in China, the effect is yet not so obvious. The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has opened a public class on the treatment, prevention and control of infectious diseases for the Chinese citizens. Consequently, the Chinese people have higher expectations on the modernization of public health governance, and the social atmosphere of incorporating preventive medicine and clinical medical education is establishing. In future, when combating with novel infectious diseases and public health emergencies, the response capacity of public health system and treatment capacity of clinical system will be significantly improved, while the situation on insufficient integration of prevention and treatment is bound to be reversed.
JO  - Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 0
PG  - E024-E024
SP  - E024
EP  - E024
AN  - 32145718
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20200304-00246
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32145718
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Going viral – Covid-19 impact assessment: A perspective beyond clinical practice
AU  - Saurabh Bobdey, Sougat Ray
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In the realm of infectious diseases, a global outbreak is a worst-case scenario. In the past, outbreaks such as plague, Spanish flu, severe acute respiratory syndrome, and H1N1 (swine flu) have caused great human suffering. The novel coronavirus, christened as Covid-19, is a zoonotic disease which originated from the Wuhan province in China and spread like wildfire killing people and devastating the global economy. Mammoth efforts are still on to control this viral strain from further spread. Cities have been blocked, air travel banned, ships have been quarantined, and panic-stricken people have been evacuated from China. As Covid-19 continues to ravage countries across the globe, this article is an effort to provide an overview of the impact of Covid-19 and tickle wits of intellectuals to think how easily a nanometer organism can virtually bring down superpowers of the world.
JO  - Journal of Marine Medical Society
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 2020;22(1):9-12
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4103/jmms.jmms_12_20
UR  - http://www.marinemedicalsociety.in/article.asp?issn=0975-3605;year=2020;volume=22;issue=1;spage=9;epage=12;aulast=Bobdey
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Global health concerns stirred by emerging viral infections
AU  - Luo, Guangxiang
AU  - Gao, Shou-Jiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 92
IS  - 4
PG  - 399-400
SP  - 399
EP  - 400
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25683
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25683
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Gilead and Moderna lead on coronavirus treatments
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - wo US biotech firms have positioned themselves as front-runners fighting the novel coronavirus, called SARS-CoV-2. On Feb. 25, the US National Institutes of Health (NIH) said it had begun a Phase II clinical trial of remdesivir, an experimental small-molecule drug made by Gilead Sciences, for treatment of those infected with SARS-CoV-2. On the same day, Moderna said it had shipped its experimental coronavirus vaccine to the NIH, which will conduct a Phase I trial to assess its safety. The entire process—from vaccine design, to manufacturing, to shipment—took only 7 weeks. The news came just as the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention warned that US communities should brace for “disruption to everyday life.” Gilead was able to move quickly because it had previously developed remdesivir to treat the Ebola virus. The firm is now launching two of its own Phase III clinical trials of remdesivir, in addition to the [truncated]
JO  - C&EN Global Enterprise
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 98
IS  - 9
PG  - 19-19
SP  - 19
EP  - 19
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1021/cen-09809-buscon3
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-09809-buscon3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - First two months of the 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) epidemic in China: real-time surveillance and evaluation with a second derivative model
AU  - Xinguang Chen, Bin Yu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background Similar to outbreaks of many other infectious diseases, success in controlling the novel 2019 coronavirus infection requires a timely and accurate monitoring of the epidemic, particularly during its early period with rather limited data while the need for information increases explosively. Methods In this study, we used a second derivative model to characterize the coronavirus epidemic in China with cumulatively diagnosed cases during the first 2 months. The analysis was further enhanced by an exponential model with a close-population assumption. This model was built with the data and used to assess the detection rate during the study period, considering the differences between the true infections, detectable and detected cases. Results Results from the second derivative modeling suggest the coronavirus epidemic as nonlinear and chaotic in nature. Although it emerged gradually, the epidemic was highly responsive to massive interventions initiated on January 21, 2020, as indicated by results from both second derivative and exponential modeling analyses. The epidemic started to decelerate immediately after the massive actions. The results derived from our analysis signaled the decline of the epidemic 14 days before it eventually occurred on February 4, 2020. Study findings further signaled an accelerated decline in the epidemic starting in 14 days on February 18, 2020. Conclusions The coronavirus epidemic appeared to be nonlinear and chaotic, and was responsive to effective interventions. The methods used in this study can be applied in surveillance to inform and encourage the general public, public health professionals, clinicians and decision-makers to take coordinative and collaborative efforts to control the epidemic.
JO  - Global Health Research and Policy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 2020;5(1):1-9
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s41256-020-00137-4
UR  - https://ghrp.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s41256-020-00137-4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
TI  - Features, Evaluation and Treatment Coronavirus (COVID-19)
AU  - Cascella, Marco
AU  - Rajnik, Michael
AU  - Cuomo, Arturo
AU  - Dulebohn, Scott C.
AU  - Di Napoli, Raffaela
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - According to the World Health Organization (WHO), viral diseases continue to emerge and represent a serious issue to public health. In the last twenty years, several viral epidemics such as the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in 2002 to 2003, and H1N1 influenza in 2009, have been recorded. Most recently, the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) was first identified in Saudi Arabia in 2012. In a timeline that reaches the present day, an epidemic of cases with unexplained low respiratory infections detected in Wuhan, the largest metropolitan area in China's Hubei province, was first reported to the WHO Country Office in China, on December 31, 2019. Published literature can trace the beginning of symptomatic individuals back to the beginning of December 2019. As they were unable to identify the causative agent, these first cases were classified as "pneumonia of unknown etiology." The Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and local CDCs organized an intensive outbreak investigation program. The etiology of this illness is now attributed to a novel virus belonging to the coronavirus (CoV) family, COVID-19. On February 11, 2020, the WHO Director-General, Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, announced that the disease caused by this new CoV was a "COVID-19," which is the acronym of "coronavirus disease 2019". In the past twenty years, two additional coronavirus epidemics have occurred. SARS-CoV provoked a large-scale epidemic beginning in China and involving two dozen countries with approximately 8000 cases and 800 deaths, and the MERS-CoV that began in Saudi Arabia and has approximately 2,500 cases and 800 deaths and still causes as sporadic cases. This new virus seems to be very contagious and has quickly spread globally. In a meeting on January 30, 2020, per the International Health Regulations (IHR, 2005), the outbreak was declared by the WHO a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) as it had spread to 18 countries with four countries reporting human-to-human transmission. An additional landmark occurred on February 26, 2020, as the first case of the disease, not imported from China, was recorded in the United States.  Initially, the new virus was called 2019-nCoV. Subsequently, the task of experts of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) termed it the SARS-CoV-2 virus as it is very similar to the one that caused the SARS outbreak (SARS-CoVs). The CoVs have become the major pathogens of emerging respiratory disease outbreaks. They are a large family of single-stranded RNA viruses (+ssRNA) that can be isolated in different animal species. For reasons yet to be explained, these viruses can cross species barriers and can cause, in humans, illness ranging from the common cold to more severe diseases such as MERS and SARS. Interestingly, these latter viruses have probably originated from bats and then moving into other mammalian hosts — the Himalayan palm civet for SARS-CoV, and the dromedary camel for MERS-CoV — before jumping to humans. The dynamics of SARS-Cov-2 are currently unknown, but there is speculation that it also has an animal origin. The potential for these viruses to grow to become a pandemic worldwide seems to be a serious public health risk. Concerning COVID-19, the WHO raised the threat to the CoV epidemic to the "very high" level, on February 28, 2020. Probably, the effects of the epidemic caused by the new CoV has yet to emerge as the situation is quickly evolving. World governments are at work to establish countermeasures to stem possible devastating effects. Health organizations coordinate information flows and issues directives and guidelines to best mitigate the impact of the threat. At the same time, scientists around the world work tirelessly, and information about the transmission mechanisms, the clinical spectrum of disease, new diagnostics, and prevention and therapeutic strategies are rapidly developing. Many uncertainties remain with regard to both the virus-host interac ion and the evolution of the epidemic, with specific reference to the times when the epidemic will reach its peak. At the moment, the therapeutic strategies to deal with the infection are only supportive, and prevention aimed at reducing transmission in the community is our best weapon. Aggressive isolation measures in China have led to a progressive reduction of cases in the last few days. In Italy, in geographic regions of the north of the peninsula, political and health authorities are making incredible efforts to contain a shock wave that is severely testing the health system.  In the midst of the crisis, the authors have chosen to use the "Statpearls" platform because, within the PubMed scenario, it represents a unique tool that may allow them to make updates in real-time. The aim, therefore, is to collect information and scientific evidence and to provide an overview of the topic that will be continuously updated.
JO  - StatPearls
PB  - StatPearls Publishing
CY  - Treasure Island (FL)
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32150360
DO  - 
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32150360 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK554776/
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Fear can be more harmful than the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in controlling the corona virus disease 2019 epidemic
AU  - Ren, Shi-Yan
AU  - Gao, Rong-Ding
AU  - Chen, Ye-Lin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The current corona virus disease 2019 outbreak caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 started in Wuhan, China in December 2019 and has put the world on alert. To safeguard Chinese citizens and to strengthen global health security, China has made great efforts to control the epidemic. Many in the global community have joined China to limit the epidemic. However, discrimination and prejudice driven by fear or misinformation have been flowing globally, superseding evidence and jeopardizing the anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 efforts. We analyze this phenomenon and its underlying causes and suggest practical solutions.
JO  - World J Clin Cases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 8
IS  - 4
PG  - 652-657
SP  - 652
EP  - 657
AN  - 32149049
DO  - 10.12998/wjcc.v8.i4.652
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32149049 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7052559/
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemiological investigation of a family clustering of COVID-19
AU  - Guan, Q.
AU  - Liu, M.
AU  - Zhuang, Y. J.
AU  - Yuan, Y.
AU  - Wang, S. S.
AU  - Li, J.
AU  - Chen, Z.
AU  - Yang, X. L.
AU  - Tang, Z. R.
AU  - Jia, H. J.
AU  - Ma, J. Y.
AU  - Wang, X. X.
AU  - Tai, P. G.
AU  - Zhuang, Y.
AU  - He, Yao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of a family clustering of COVID-19. Methods: Field epidemiological survey was conducted. Result: Case 1 of the long-term residents from Hubei province was the source of infection of this family clustering. There were 6 cases (from case 2 to case 7) infected in the whole incubation period. The incubation period was more than 14 days for 3 of the second-generation cases. Routes of transmission include respiratory droplets (from case 1 transmitted to case 6, from case 1 to her family members) and closecontact (from case 1 to other cases in her family). All the age groups were generally susceptible, while elderly were easier to progress to critically ill. Besides respiratory symptoms, there were also gastrointestinal symptoms, of which diarrhea was the most common one. Conclusion: Family clustering had been an important part for COVID-19 cases.
JO  - Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 0
PG  - 629-633
SP  - 629
EP  - 633
AN  - 32149484
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200223-00152
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32149484
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Emergency management of the prevention and control of novel coronavirus pneumonia in specialized branches of hospital
AU  - Qing, Ma Xiu
AU  - Li, Shiyu
AU  - Yu, Shaobin
AU  - Ouyang, Ying
AU  - Zeng, Ling
AU  - Li, Xiao
AU  - Li, Hai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract In December 2019, an epidemic of novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) broke out in Wuhan, Hubei Province. The outbreak was severe and coincided with the Spring Festival travel season. On January 15, 2020, the West China Hospital of Sichuan University, a large hospital in China, held a seminar on prevention and control in accordance with the requirements of the National Health Commission on Prevention and Control. On January 16, the emergency plan for the prevention and treatment of NCP in West China Hospital of Sichuan University was formulated for the first time.
JO  - Academic Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/acem.13958
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/acem.13958
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Effectiveness of glucocorticoid therapy in patients with severe novel coronavirus pneumonia: protocol of a randomized controlled trial
AU  - Zhou, Yi-Hong
AU  - Qin, Yuan-Yuan
AU  - Lu, Yan-Qiu
AU  - Sun, Feng
AU  - Yang, Sen
AU  - Harypursat, Vijay
AU  - Tang, Sheng-Quan
AU  - Huang, Yin-Qiu
AU  - He, Xiao-Qing
AU  - Zeng, Yan-Ming
AU  - Li, Yao
AU  - Xu, Xiao-Lei
AU  - Zhao, Ting
AU  - Chen, Yao-Kai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: At the end of 2019, a novel coronavirus outbreak emerged in Wuhan, China, and its causative organism has been subsequently designated the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). The virus has since rapidly spread to all provinces and autonomous regions of China, and to countries outside of China. Patients who become infected with 2019-nCoV may initially develop mild upper respiratory tract symptoms. However, a significant fraction of these patients goes on to subsequently develop serious lower respiratory disease. The effectiveness of adjunctive glucocorticoid therapy uses in the management of 2019-nCoV infected patients with severe lower respiratory tract infections is not clear, and warrants further investigation. METHODS: The present study will be conducted as an open-labelled, randomised controlled trial. We will enrol 48 subjects from Chongqing Public Health Medical Center. Each eligible subject will be assigned to an intervention group (methylprednisolone via intravenous injection at a dose of 1-2mg/kg/day for 3 days) or a control group (no glucocorticoid use) randomly, at a 1:1 ratio. Subjects in both groups will be invited for 28 days of follow-up which will be scheduled at 4 consecutive visit points. We will use the clinical improvement rate as our primary endpoint. Secondary endpoints include the timing of clinical improvement after intervention, duration of mechanical ventilation, duration of hospitalization, overall incidence of adverse events, as well as rate of adverse events at each visit, and mortality at 2 and 4 weeks. DISCUSSION: The present coronavirus outbreak is the third serious global coronavirus outbreak in the past two decades. Oral and parenteral glucocorticoids have been used in the management of severe respiratory symptoms in coronavirus-infected patients in the past. However, there remains no definitive evidence in the literature for or against the utilization of systemic glucocorticoids in seriously ill patients with coronavirus-related severe respiratory disease, or indeed in other types of severe respiratory disease. In this study, we hope to discover evidence either supporting or opposing the systemic therapeutic administration of glucocorticoids in severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov, ChiCTR2000029386, http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=48777.
JO  - Chin Med J (Engl)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000791
SP  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000791
EP  - 
AN  - 32149773
DO  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000791
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32149773
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Diagnostic Testing for the Novel Coronavirus
AU  - Sharfstein, Joshua M.
AU  - Becker, Scott J.
AU  - Mello, Michelle M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Controversies over diagnostic testing have dominated US headlines about severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the novel coronavirus responsible for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Technical challenges with the first test developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) left the nation with minimal diagnostic capacity during the first few weeks of the epidemic. The CDC also initially limited access to testing to a narrow group of individuals with known exposure. The delayed discovery of a case of COVID-19 in California, followed quickly by evidence of community transmission in multiple states, revealed the shortcomings of this strategy. In the early stages, COVID-19 has spread beyond the nation’s ability to detect it.
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.3864
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.3864
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19: acute kidney injury cannot be ignored
AU  - Yang, X. H.
AU  - Sun, R. H.
AU  - Chen, D. C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 100
IS  - 0
PG  - E017-E017
SP  - E017
EP  - E017
AN  - 32145717
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20200229-00520
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32145717
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Diagnosis and Management of First Case of COVID-19 in Canada: Lessons applied from SARS
AU  - Marchand-Senécal, Xavier
AU  - Kozak, Rob
AU  - Mubareka, Samira
AU  - Salt, Natasha
AU  - Gubbay, Jonathan B.
AU  - Eshaghi, Alireza
AU  - Allen, Vanessa
AU  - Li, Yan
AU  - Bastien, Natalie
AU  - Gilmour, Matthew
AU  - Ozaldin, Omar
AU  - Leis, Jerome A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We report diagnosis and management of the first laboratory-confirmed case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) hospitalized in Toronto, Canada. No healthcare-associated transmission occurred. In the face of a potential pandemic of COVID-19, we suggest sustainable and scalable control measures developed based on lessons learned from SARS.
JO  - Clin Infect Dis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - ciaa227
SP  - ciaa227
EP  - 
AN  - 32147731
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa227
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32147731
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Detection of Novel Coronavirus by RT-PCR in Stool Specimen from Asymptomatic Child, China
AU  - Tang, An
AU  - Tong, Zhen-Dong
AU  - Wang, Hong-Ling
AU  - Dai, Ya-Xin
AU  - Li, Ke-Feng
AU  - Liu, Jie-Nan
AU  - Wu, Wen-Jie
AU  - Yuan, Chen
AU  - Yu, Meng-Lu
AU  - Li, Peng
AU  - Yan, Jian-Bo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We report an asymptomatic child who was positive for a 2019 novel coronavirus by reverse transcription PCR in a stool specimen 17 days after the last virus exposure. The child was virus positive in stool specimens for at least an additional 9 days. Respiratory tract specimens were negative by reverse transcription PCR.
JO  - Emerg Infect Dis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 26
IS  - 6
PG  - 10.3201/eid2606.200301
SP  - 10.3201/eid2606.200301
EP  - 
AN  - 32150527
DO  - 10.3201/eid2606.200301
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32150527
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: out-of-hours providers are drafted in to manage non-urgent patients in community
AU  - Mahase, Elisabeth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Regional NHS leaders in England have been ordered to immediately organise a primary care management service to care for covid-19 patients who “do not require immediate admission” to hospital.In a letter sent on 8 March, seen by The BMJ, NHS England and NHS Improvement’s strategic incident director for coronavirus, Keith Willett, has ordered regional primary care and public health directors to set up a 24 hour, seven day a week service to manage patients in the community. This service should be delivered by an out-of-hours provider, and every part of England must be covered by Tuesday 10 March, the letter said.The service will be used to manage patients who …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m959
SP  - m959
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m959
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/content/368/bmj.m959.abstract
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: Emerging compassion, courage and resilience in the face of misinformation and adversity
AU  - Smith, Graeme D.
AU  - Ng, Fowie
AU  - Ho Cheung Li, William
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract In her excellent editorial, ?Rising from the ashes: affirming the spirit of courage, community resilience, compassion and caring? Professor Alison Kitson raised several pertinent issues around caring in and for the world that we live in, set against the devastation caused by the Australian bushfires (Kitson 2020). Whilst watching the horrendous television footage of the Australian disaster unfolding at the beginning of the year, another news item that was beginning to gain momentum, the emergence of an unknown coronavirus disease in Mainland China.
JO  - Journal of Clinical Nursing
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jocn.15231
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.15231
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: emergency departments lack proper isolation facilities, senior medic warns
AU  - Iacobucci, Gareth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The vast majority of NHS emergency departments in England do not have adequate isolation facilities for containing the spread of infectious diseases such as covid-19, one of the country’s most senior emergency doctors has told The BMJ.Chris Moulton, consultant in emergency medicine at the Royal Bolton Hospital and former vice president of the Royal College of Emergency Medicine, said he had visited and observed around 80 emergency departments in his current role as joint emergency medicine lead for the NHS’s Getting it Right First Time (GIRFT) programme.1 …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m953
SP  - m953
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m953
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/content/368/bmj.m953.abstract
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: A New Virus as a Potential Rapidly Spreading in the Worldwide
AU  - Fariba Rezaeetalab, Mahnaz Mozdourian, Mahnaz Amini, Zahra Javidarabshahi, Farzaneh Akbari
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Covid-19 is a novel virus with high affinity to spread in the community. In December 2019, it was first identified in Wuhan, China. The symptoms are non-specific, so fever, cough, dyspnea, are prominent features. Respiratory failure and mortality have also been reported. The most common lung CT scan findings are bilateral ground glass opacities.
JO  - Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 2020;8(1):563-564
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.22038/jctm.2020.46924.1264
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 with spontaneous pneumomediastinum
AU  - Zhou, Changyu
AU  - Gao, Chen
AU  - Xie, Yuanliang
AU  - Xu, Maosheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A 38-year-old man from Wuhan, China, was admitted to the Central Hospital of Wuhan (Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China), on Jan 20, 2020, with a 1-day history of fever without dizziness, cough, and headaches. On presentation, his temperature was 38·1°C. Laboratory tests showed a C-reactive protein concentration of 0·56 mg/dL (normal range 0·00–0·60] mg/dL). Complete blood count showed elevated leukocytes (10 060 cells per μL [normal range 3500–9500 cells per μL]), neutrophils (7550 cells per μL [1800–6300 cells per μL]), and monocytes (990 cells per μL [100–600 cells per μL]), while the lymphocyte count (1490 cells per μL) was in the normal range (1100–3200 cells per μL). The patient was negative for influenza A and B viruses, adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, and parainfluenza 1, 2, and 3 viruses. Chest CT showed multiple ground-glass opacities in the lower lobes bilaterally.
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30156-0
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30156-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 with post-chemotherapy agranulocytosis in childhood acute leukemia: a case report
AU  - Chen, Z.
AU  - Xiong, H.
AU  - Li, J. X.
AU  - Li, H.
AU  - Tao, F.
AU  - Yang, Y. T.
AU  - Wu, B.
AU  - Tang, W.
AU  - Teng, J. X.
AU  - Fu, Q.
AU  - Yang, L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 0
PG  - E004-E004
SP  - E004
EP  - E004
AN  - 32149486
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2020.0004
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32149486
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - MULTI
TI  - COVID-19 Update – March 2020
AU  - Learning, JAMA JN
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus testing, mortality, vaccine development, containment vs mitigation, and more. Anthony S. Fauci, MD discusses the latest developments in the global spread of COVID-19 and the SARS-CoV-2 virus with JAMA Editor Howard Bauchner, MD. - What's the difference between COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2? (01:15) - What's the status and accuracy of diagnostic testing in the US? (01:58) - What's the case-fatality rate for the virus? (05:31) - Scientific advances and vaccine development (25:06) - Are current clinical trials providing a picture of treatments? (13:41) - Risk communication: how do we present information so there's faith that it's accurate? (15:24) - Risk groups (children, the elderly, pregnant women) (16:26) - Containment vs mitigation vs quarantine vs isolation (19:10) - Protecting the elderly and nursing home resident (23:52) - Public health prospects in Latin America, Africa (26:35) - Will coronavirus wane in warmer months like influenza? (27:52) - Why is anxiety so high about this disease?- Does the US have capacity to care for COVID19 infection? (31:03) - What is your daily schedule like? (32:23)
JO  - COVID-19 Update
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 – the role of mass gatherings
AU  - Ebrahim, Shahul H.
AU  - Memish, Ziad A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101617
SP  - 101617
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101617
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893920300855
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus cancels chemical events
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - he threat of the new coronavirus is disrupting the spring meeting season across the chemical enterprise. IHS Markit has canceled its World Petrochemical Conference, scheduled for March 24–27 in New Orleans, and its CERAWeek oil and gas conference, set for March 9–13 in Houston. The drug services trade show CPhI Japan has been postponed, and the American Physical Society called off its March meeting. IHS says it decided on the cancellations after consulting with health officials and taking into account the company travel restrictions and border health checks that attendees would have to contend with. “We wanted to provide as much notice as possible,” IHS says in a statement about the petrochemical conference. That conference drew 1,500 attendees in San Antonio last year, and organizers were expecting 1,800 for the New Orleans gathering. CERAWeek drew 5,500 last year. IHS also canceled a transportation event in Long Beach, California, last week.
JO  - C&EN Global Enterprise
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 98
IS  - 9
PG  - 18-18
SP  - 18
EP  - 18
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1021/cen-09809-buscon1
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-09809-buscon1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Considerations for Patients with Diabetes in Times of COVID-19 Epidemic
AU  - Gupta, Ritesh
AU  - Ghosh, Amerta
AU  - Singh, Awadhesh Kumar
AU  - Misra, Anoop
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.03.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1871402120300424
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A confirmed asymptomatic carrier of 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2)
AU  - Luo, Si-Hui
AU  - Liu, Wei
AU  - Liu, Zhen-Jun
AU  - Zheng, Xue-Ying
AU  - Hong, Chang-Xing
AU  - Liu, Zhi-Rong
AU  - Liu, Jian
AU  - Weng, Jian-Ping
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Chin Med J (Engl)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000798
SP  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000798
EP  - 
AN  - 32149768
DO  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000798
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32149768
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Compounds with therapeutic potential against novel respiratory 2019 coronavirus
AU  - Martinez, Miguel Angel
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Currently, the expansion of the novel human respiratory coronavirus (known as: SARS-CoV-2, COVID-2019, or 2019-nCoV) has stressed the need for therapeutic alternatives to alleviate and stop this new epidemic. The previous epidemics of high-morbidity human coronaviruses, such as the acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in 2003, and the Middle East respiratory syndrome corona virus (MERS-CoV) in 2012, prompted the characterization of compounds that could be potentially active against the currently emerging novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. The most promising compound is remdesivir (GS-5734), a nucleotide analog prodrug currently in clinical trials for treating Ebola virus infections. Remdesivir inhibited the replication of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV in tissue cultures, and it displayed efficacy in non-human animal models. In addition, a combination of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) protease inhibitors, lopinavir/ritonavir, and interferon beta (LPV/RTV-INFb) were shown to be effective in patients infected with SARS-CoV. LPV/RTV-INFb also improved clinical parameters in marmosets and mice infected with MERS-CoV. Remarkably, the therapeutic efficacy of remdesivir appeared to be superior to that of LPV/RTV-INFb against MERS-CoV in a transgenic humanized mice model. The relatively high mortality rates associated with these three novel human coronavirus infections, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2, has suggested that pro-inflammatory responses might play a role in the pathogenesis. It remains unknown whether the generated inflammatory state should be targeted. Therapeutics that target the coronavirus alone might not be able to reverse highly pathogenic infections. This minireview aimed to provide a summary of therapeutic compounds that showed potential in fighting SARS-CoV-2 infections.
JO  - Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - AAC.00399-20
SP  - AAC.00399
EP  - 20
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1128/aac.00399-20
UR  - https://aac.asm.org/content/aac/early/2020/03/03/AAC.00399-20.full.pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Comparative effectiveness and safety of ribavirin plus interferon-alpha, lopinavir/ritonavir plus interferon-alpha and ribavirin plus lopinavir/ritonavir plus interferon-alphain in patients with mild to moderate novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - Zeng, Yan-Ming
AU  - Xu, Xiao-Lei
AU  - He, Xiao-Qing
AU  - Tang, Sheng-Quan
AU  - Li, Yao
AU  - Huang, Yin-Qiu
AU  - Harypursat, Vijay
AU  - Chen, Yao-Kai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Chin Med J (Engl)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000790
SP  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000790
EP  - 
AN  - 32149772
DO  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000790
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32149772
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Commentary on “World Health Organization declares Global Emergency: A review of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19)”
AU  - Sarwar Shah, Syed Ghulam
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International Journal of Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.03.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1743919120302132
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical strategies for treating pediatric cancer during the outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus infection
AU  - Yang, Chao
AU  - Li, Changchun
AU  - Wang, Shan
AU  - National Clinical Research Center for Child, Health
AU  - Disorders
AU  - Children's Oncology Committee of Chinese Research Hospital, Association
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, a novel type of coronavirus (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection, which first appeared in China, has spread to over 20 countries around the world.1 By February 19, 2020, more than 74 000 cases had been confirmed, with more than 2000 deaths, and hundreds of thousands of people are under close medical observation. About 300 children have been diagnosed; however, children with cancer are assumed to be more susceptible to this coronavirus, as thier immune function may be suppressed. The purpose of this letter is to provide suggestions on how to choose a reasonable treatment strategy between epidemic prevention and anticancer therapy under the current epidemic conditions.Due to few cases being diagnosed in pediatrics, most of our suggestions are from existing and previous experiences in adults. These suggestions may be modified after accumulating clinical evidence and experience. Pediatric oncologists should continually update their knowledge on the prevention and control of SARS‐CoV‐2 in children with cancer.
JO  - Pediatric Blood & Cancer
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - e28248
SP  - e28248
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/pbc.28248
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.28248
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical features of respiratory coronavirus infections and relationship to otolaryngology
AU  - Dai, M. D.
AU  - Cheng, L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 55
IS  - 0
PG  - E002-E002
SP  - E002
EP  - E002
AN  - 32149485
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20200227-00135
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32149485
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical characteristics of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in newborns, infants and children
AU  - Hong, Hao
AU  - Wang, Yuan
AU  - Chung, Hung-Tao
AU  - Chen, Chih-Jung
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Pediatrics & Neonatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedneo.2020.03.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1875957220300267
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical characteristics of 24 asymptomatic infections with COVID-19 screened among close contacts in Nanjing, China
AU  - Hu, Zhiliang
AU  - Song, Ci
AU  - Xu, Chuanjun
AU  - Jin, Guangfu
AU  - Chen, Yaling
AU  - Xu, Xin
AU  - Ma, Hongxia
AU  - Chen, Wei
AU  - Lin, Yuan
AU  - Zheng, Yishan
AU  - Wang, Jianming
AU  - Hu, Zhibin
AU  - Yi, Yongxiang
AU  - Shen, Hongbing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Previous studies have showed clinical characteristics of patients with the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and the evidence of person-to-person transmission. Limited data are available for asymptomatic infections. This study aims to present the clinical characteristics of 24 cases with asymptomatic infection screened from close contacts and to show the transmission potential of asymptomatic COVID-19 virus carriers. Epidemiological investigations were conducted among all close contacts of COVID-19 patients (or suspected patients) in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China, from Jan 28 to Feb 9, 2020, both in clinic and in community. Asymptomatic carriers were laboratory-confirmed positive for the COVID-19 virus by testing the nucleic acid of the pharyngeal swab samples. Their clinical records, laboratory assessments, and chest CT scans were reviewed. As a result, none of the 24 asymptomatic cases presented any obvious symptoms while nucleic acid screening. Five cases (20.8%) developed symptoms (fever, cough, fatigue, etc.) during hospitalization. Twelve (50.0%) cases showed typical CT images of ground-glass chest and 5 (20.8%) presented stripe shadowing in the lungs. The remaining 7 (29.2%) cases showed normal CT image and had no symptoms during hospitalization. These 7 cases were younger (median age: 14.0 years; P=0.012) than the rest. None of the 24 cases developed severe COVID-19 pneumonia or died. The median communicable period, defined as the interval from the first day of positive nucleic acid tests to the first day of continuous negative tests, was 9.5 days (up to 21 days among the 24 asymptomatic cases). Through epidemiological investigation, we observed a typical asymptomatic transmission to the cohabiting family members, which even caused severe COVID-19 pneumonia. Overall, the asymptomatic carriers identified from close contacts were prone to be mildly ill during hospitalization. However, the communicable period could be up to three weeks and the communicated patients could develop severe illness. These results highlighted the importance of close contact tracing and longitudinally surveillance via virus nucleic acid tests. Further isolation recommendation and continuous nucleic acid tests may also be recommended to the patients discharged.
JO  - Sci China Life Sci
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1007/s11427-020-1661-4
SP  - 10.1007/s11427
EP  - 020
AN  - 32146694
DO  - 10.1007/s11427-020-1661-4
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32146694
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - WUHAN: BACK TO THE FUTURE AND THE RETURN OF CORONAVIRUSES
AU  - Ponce-de-León, Alfredo
AU  - Galindo-Fraga, Arturo
AU  - Ruiz-Palacios, Guillermo M.
AU  - Sifuentes-Osornio, José
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Rev Invest Clin
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 72
IS  - 1
PG  - 5-7
SP  - 5
EP  - 7
AN  - 32132737
DO  - 10.24875/RIC.20000023
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32132737
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Why Your Rural Patients May Know More About Coronavirus Than You
AU  - Haines, Ali
AU  - Anderson, Susan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - S D Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 73
IS  - 3
PG  - 100-101
SP  - 100
EP  - 101
AN  - 32142226
DO  - 
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32142226
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Why the WHO won't use the p-word
AU  - MacKenzie, Debora
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - There are no criteria for a pandemic, but covid-19 looks like one, says Debora MacKenzie
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 245
IS  - 3272
PG  - 7
SP  - 7
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30474-7
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920304747
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - What you need to know
AU  - Le Page, Michael
AU  - Hamzelou, Jessica
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - From symptoms and fatality rate to stockpiling and caring for family, Michael Le Page and Jessica Hamzelou have the answers
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 245
IS  - 3272
PG  - 8-9
SP  - 8
EP  - 9
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30475-9
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920304759
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - VSI: COVID-19 Therapeutic
AU  - Raoult, Didier
AU  - Hsueh, Po-Ren
AU  - Stefania, Stefani
AU  - Rolain, Jean-Marc
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 105937
SP  - 105937
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105937
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S092485792030087X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Virus outbreak crosses boundaries
AU  - Gross, Michael
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The current outbreak of coronavirus disease COVID-19 is showing up vulnerabilities in many aspects of the globalised world we live in. The suggestion that it may have originated in the endangered pangolin also puts animal trafficking in the spotlight. The human?wildlife interface remains an important risk factor for further disease outbreaks. Michael Gross reports.
JO  - Current Biology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 30
IS  - 5
PG  - R191-R194
SP  - R191
EP  - R194
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.cub.2020.02.049
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2020.02.049
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Timely development of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Lu, Shan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Emerg Microbes Infect
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
PG  - 542-544
SP  - 542
EP  - 544
AN  - 32148172
DO  - 10.1080/22221751.2020.1737580
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32148172
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Structure, Function, and Antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein
AU  - Walls, Alexandra C.
AU  - Park, Young-Jun
AU  - Tortorici, M. Alejandra
AU  - Wall, Abigail
AU  - McGuire, Andrew T.
AU  - Veesler, David
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 has resulted in >90,000 infections and >3,000 deaths. Coronavirus spike (S) glycoproteins promote entry into cells and are the main target of antibodies. We show that SARS-CoV-2 S uses ACE2 to enter cells and that the receptor-binding domains of SARS-CoV-2 S and SARS-CoV S bind with similar affinities to human ACE2, correlating with the efficient spread of SARS-CoV-2 among humans. We found that the SARS-CoV-2 S glycoprotein harbors a furin cleavage site at the boundary between the S1/S2 subunits, which is processed during biogenesis and sets this virus apart from SARS-CoV and SARS-related CoVs. We determined cryo-EM structures of the SARS-CoV-2 S ectodomain trimer, providing a blueprint for the design of vaccines and inhibitors of viral entry. Finally, we demonstrate that SARS-CoV S murine polyclonal antibodies potently inhibited SARS-CoV-2 S mediated entry into cells, indicating that cross-neutralizing antibodies targeting conserved S epitopes can be elicited upon vaccination.
JO  - Cell
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.cell.2020.02.058
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2020.02.058
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Structure of mouse coronavirus spike protein complexed with receptor reveals mechanism for viral entry
AU  - Shang, Jian
AU  - Wan, Yushun
AU  - Liu, Chang
AU  - Yount, Boyd
AU  - Gully, Kendra
AU  - Yang, Yang
AU  - Auerbach, Ashley
AU  - Peng, Guiqing
AU  - Baric, Ralph
AU  - Li, Fang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronaviruses recognize a variety of receptors using different domains of their envelope-anchored spike protein. How these diverse receptor recognition patterns affect viral entry is unknown. Mouse hepatitis coronavirus (MHV) is the only known coronavirus that uses the N-terminal domain (NTD) of its spike to recognize a protein receptor, CEACAM1a. Here we determined the cryo-EM structure of MHV spike complexed with mouse CEACAM1a. The trimeric spike contains three receptor-binding S1 heads sitting on top of a trimeric membrane-fusion S2 stalk. Three receptor molecules bind to the sides of the spike trimer, where three NTDs are located. Receptor binding induces structural changes in the spike, weakening the interactions between S1 and S2. Using protease sensitivity and negative-stain EM analyses, we further showed that after protease treatment of the spike, receptor binding facilitated the dissociation of S1 from S2, allowing S2 to transition from pre-fusion to post-fusion conformation. Together these results reveal a new role of receptor binding in MHV entry: in addition to its well-characterized role in viral attachment to host cells, receptor binding also induces the conformational change of the spike and hence the fusion of viral and host membranes. Our study provides new mechanistic insight into coronavirus entry and highlights the diverse entry mechanisms used by different viruses.
JO  - PLoS Pathog
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 16
IS  - 3
PG  - e1008392-e1008392
SP  - e1008392
EP  - e1008392
AN  - 32150576
DO  - 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008392
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32150576
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Similarity in Case Fatality Rates (CFR) of COVID-19/SARS-COV-2 in Italy and China
AU  - Porcheddu, Rossella
AU  - Serra, Caterina
AU  - Kelvin, David
AU  - Kelvin, Nikki
AU  - Rubino, Salvatore
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As of 28 February 2020, Italy had 888 cases of SARS-CoV-2 infections, with most cases in Northern Italy in the Lombardia and Veneto regions. Travel-related cases were the main source of COVID-19 cases during the early stages of the current epidemic in Italy. The month of February, however, has been dominated by two large clusters of outbreaks in Northern Italy, south of Milan, with mainly local transmission the source of infections. Contact tracing has failed to identify patient zero in one of the outbreaks. As of 28 February 2020, twenty-one cases of COVID-19 have died. Comparison between case fatality rates in China and Italy are identical at 2.3. Additionally, deaths are similar in both countries with fatalities in mostly the elderly with known comorbidities. It will be important to develop point-of-care devices to aid clinicians in stratifying elderly patients as early as possible to determine the potential level of care they will require to improve their chances of survival from COVID-19 disease.
JO  - J Infect Dev Ctries
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
PG  - 125-128
SP  - 125
EP  - 128
AN  - 32146445
DO  - 10.3855/jidc.12600
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32146445
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Serologic Detection of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Functional Antibodies
AU  - Okba, Nisreen M. A.
AU  - Widjaja, Ivy
AU  - Li, Wentao
AU  - GeurtsvanKessel, Corine H.
AU  - Farag, Elmoubasher A. B. A.
AU  - Al-Hajri, Mohammed
AU  - Park, Wan Beom
AU  - Oh, Myoung-Don
AU  - Reusken, Chantal B. M. E.
AU  - Koopmans, Marion P. G.
AU  - Bosch, Berend-Jan
AU  - Haagmans, Bart L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We developed and validated 2 species-independent protein-based assays to detect Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus functional antibodies that can block virus receptor-binding or sialic acid-attachment. Antibody levels measured in both assays correlated strongly with virus-neutralizing antibody titers, proving their use for serologic confirmatory diagnosis of Middle East respiratory syndrome.
JO  - Emerg Infect Dis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 26
IS  - 5
PG  - 10.3201/eid2605.190921
SP  - 10.3201/eid2605.190921
EP  - 
AN  - 32150528
DO  - 10.3201/eid2605.190921
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32150528
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Serious games for serious crises: reflections from an infectious disease outbreak matrix game
AU  - Smith, Julia
AU  - Sears, Nathan
AU  - Taylor, Ben
AU  - Johnson, Madeline
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - While there is widespread recognition of global health failures when it comes to infectious disease outbreaks, there is little discussion on how policy-makers and global health organizations can learn to better prepare and respond. Serious games provide an underutilized tool to promote learning and innovation around global health crises. In order to explore the potential of Serious Games as a policy learning tool, Global Affairs Canada, in collaboration with the Department of National Defense and academic partners, developed and implemented a matrix game aimed at prompting critical reflection and gender-based analysis on infectious disease outbreak preparedness and response. This commentary, written by the core development team, reflects on the process and outcomes of the gaming exercise, which we believe will be of interest to others hoping to promote innovative thinking and learning around global health policy and crisis response, as well as the application of serious games more broadly.
JO  - Globalization and Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 16
IS  - 1
PG  - 18
SP  - 18
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s12992-020-00547-6
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12992-020-00547-6
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Screening and management of asymptomatic infection of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
AU  - Hu, Z. B.
AU  - Ci, C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - To date, the controlling of outbreak of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has entered into a critical period in China. Recently, work resumption and public place is planning to open outside of Hubei, suggesting an uncertain and complex development of the epidemic in the next stage. Few days ago, we conducted a study on the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of asymptomatic infections of COVID-19, and found them might be the infection source. We believe that the findings are critical for developing public health intervention strategies for controlling COVID-19 infection in the future. Screening among the high-risk population and improving the sensitivity of measurement may contribute to the detection and management of asymptomatic infection.
JO  - Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 0
PG  - E025-E025
SP  - E025
EP  - E025
AN  - 32145719
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20200229-00220
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32145719
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19: facing the pandemic together as citizens and cardiovascular practitioners
AU  - Biondi-Zoccai, Giuseppe
AU  - Landoni, Giovanni
AU  - Carnevale, Roberto
AU  - Cavarretta, Elena
AU  - Sciarretta, Sebastiano
AU  - Frati, Giacomo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Minerva Cardioangiol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.23736/S0026-4725.20.05250-0
SP  - 10.23736/S0026
EP  - 4725.20.05250
AN  - 32150358
DO  - 10.23736/S0026-4725.20.05250-0
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32150358
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Role of dermatologists in the uprising of the novel corona virus (COVID-19): Perspectives and opportunities
AU  - Lee, Chih-Hung
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from Wuhan, China, since the end of the year 2019, has infected more than 70,000 people and claimed several thousands of lives ever since worldwide. Although the disease is mainly limited to China to date, there are increased numbers of confirmed patients and increased public concerns of community spreading recently in several countries. Although the virus seldom causes viral exanthem, as professional and consulting dermatologists, we remain actively engaged in the healthcare and in the academic interests for COVID-19.
JO  - Dermatologica Sinica
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 2020;38(1):1-2
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4103/ds.ds_5_20
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Reverse Logistics Network Design for Effective Management of Medical Waste in Epidemic Outbreaks: Insights from the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak in Wuhan (China)
AU  - Yu, Hao
AU  - Sun, Xu
AU  - Solvang, D. Wei
AU  - Zhao, Xu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of an epidemic disease may pose significant treats to human beings and may further lead to a global crisis. In order to control the spread of an epidemic, the effective management of rapidly increased medical waste through establishing a temporary reverse logistics system is of vital importance. However, no research has been conducted with the focus on the design of an epidemic reverse logistics network for dealing with medical waste during epidemic outbreaks, which, if improperly treated, may accelerate disease spread and pose a significant risk for both medical staffs and patients. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel multi-objective multi-period mixed integer program for reverse logistics network design in epidemic outbreaks, which aims at determining the best locations of temporary facilities and the transportation strategies for effective management of the exponentially increased medical waste within a very short period. The application of the model is illustrated with a case study based on the outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China. Even though the uncertainty of the future COVID-19 spread tendency is very high at the time of this research, several general policy recommendations can still be obtained based on computational experiments and quantitative analyses. Among other insights, the results suggest installing temporary incinerators may be an effective solution for managing the tremendous increase of medical waste during the COVID-19 outbreak in Wuhan, but the location selection of these temporary incinerators is of significant importance. Due to the limitation on available data and knowledge at present stage, more real-world information are needed to assess the effectiveness of the current solution.
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 17
IS  - 5
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/ijerph17051770
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Repurposing of clinically approved drugs for treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 in a 2019-novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) related coronavirus model
AU  - Fan, Hua-Hao
AU  - Wang, Li-Qin
AU  - Liu, Wen-Li
AU  - An, Xiao-Ping
AU  - Liu, Zhen-Dong
AU  - He, Xiao-Qi
AU  - Song, Li-Hua
AU  - Tong, Yi-Gang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Medicines for the treatment of 2019-novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infections are urgently needed. However, drug screening using live 2019-nCoV requires high-level biosafety facilities, which imposes an obstacle for those without such facilities or 2019-novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). This study aims to repurpose the clinically approved drugs for the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a 2019-nCoV related coronavirus model. METHODS: A 2019-nCoV related pangolin coronavirus GX_P2V/pangolin/2017/ Guangxi was described. Whether GX_P2X uses angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as the cell receptor was investigated by using small interfering RNA (siRNA) -mediated silencing of ACE2. The pangolin coronavirus model was used to identify drug candidates for treating 2019-nCoV infection. Two libraries of 2406 clinically approved drugs were screened for their ability to inhibit cytopathic effects on Vero E6 cells by GX_P2X infection. The antiviral activities and antiviral mechanisms of potential drugs were further investigated. Viral yields of RNAs and infectious particles were quantified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and plaque assay, respectively. RESULTS: The spike protein of coronavirus GX_P2V shares 92.2% amino acid identity with that of 2019-nCoV isolate Wuhan-hu-1, and uses ACE2 as the receptor for infection just like 2019-nCoV. Three drugs-cepharanthine (CEP), selamectin and mefloquine hydrochloride exhibited complete inhibition of cytopathic effects in cell culture at 10 μmol/L. CEP demonstrated the most potent inhibition of GX_P2V infection, with a concentration for 50% of maximal effect [EC50] of 0.98 μmol/L. The viral RNA yield in cells treated with 10 μmol/L CEP was 15,393-fold lower than in cells without CEP treatment ([6.48 ± 0.02] × 10vs. 1.00 ± 0.12, t = 150.38, P < 0.001) at 72 h post-infection (p.i.). Plaque assays found no production of live viruses in media containing 10 μmol/L CEP at 48 h p.i. Furthermore, we found CEP has potent antiviral activities against both viral entry (1.00 ± 0.37 vs. 0.46 ± 0.12, t = 2.42, P < 0.05) and viral replication (1.00 ± 0.43 vs. [6.18 ± 0.95] × 10, t = 3.98, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our pangolin coronavirus GX_P2V is a workable model for 2019-nCoV research. CEP, selamectin and mefloquine hydrochloride are potential drugs for treating 2019-nCoV infection. Our results strongly suggest that CEP is a wide-spectrum inhibitor of pan-betacoronavirus, and clinical trial of CEP for treatment of 2019-nCoV infection is warranted.
JO  - Chin Med J (Engl)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000797
SP  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000797
EP  - 
AN  - 32149769
DO  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000797
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32149769
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preparing for COVID-19: early experience from an intensive care unit in Singapore
AU  - Liew, Mei Fong
AU  - MacLaren, Graeme
AU  - See, Kay Choong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - About a third of patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) become critically ill and require intensive care unit (ICU) admission [1]. As the COVID-19 (coronavirus disease-19) outbreak spreads [2], ICUs outside of China need to prepare for a potential surge of critically ill patients and counter the high transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2 [3]. Liu et al. have described their important preparations [4], and we would like to expand on their good advice by sharing lessons learnt from our early experience. By 17 February 2020, Singapore recorded the highest number of confirmed cases outside of mainland China with several clusters of local transmission. All healthcare institutions adopted a common strategy of containment, with isolation of all suspected or confirmed cases of COVID-19 in negative-pressure rooms. We were fortunate that most ICU beds were single rooms—this infrastructure was put in place following the outbreak of SARS in 2003. We realized preparing ICUs for patients with COVID-19 had numerous other requirements. First, infection control not only involved strict adherence to personal protective equipment for the individual, but also involved changes in group dynamics. We organized our ICU to mitigate the effects of any infected staff by avoiding potential spread between teams (see Table 1). Related to infection control, the medical ICU was given the task to cohort suspect or confirmed cases, including with peri- and post-partum care of pregnant women. Second, evolving information necessitated rapid and regular communications with large, disparate groups of clinicians.AU - Siow, Wen Ting
JO  - Critical Care
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 24
IS  - 1
PG  - 83
SP  - 83
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s13054-020-2814-x
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1186/s13054-020-2814-x
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preparing for a Surge of Coronavirus Cases
AU  - Baker, David W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Joint Commission Journal on Quality and Patient Safety
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcjq.2020.03.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1553725020300611
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The preliminary analysis on the characteristics of the cluster for the Corona Virus Disease
AU  - Yang, H. Y.
AU  - Xu, J.
AU  - Li, Y.
AU  - Liang, X.
AU  - Jin, Y. F.
AU  - Chen, S. Y.
AU  - Zhang, R. G.
AU  - Zhang, W. D.
AU  - Duan, G. C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19), a new emerging infection disease occurred in Wuhan, has spread in 27 countries and regions. The clusters of many cases were reported with the epidemic progresses. We collected currently available information for 377 COVID-19 clusters (1 719 cases), excluded the hospital clusters and Hubei cases, during the period from January 1, 2020 to February 20, 2020. There were 297 family clusters (79%), case median 4; 39 clusters of dining (10%), case median 5; 23 clusters of shopping malls or supermarkets (6%), case median 13; 12 clusters of work units (3%), case median 6, and 6 clusters of transportation. We selected 325 cases to estimate the incubation period and found its range is 1 to 20 days, median was 7 days, and mode was 4 days. The analysis of the epidemic situation in a department store in China indicates that there is a possibility of patients as the source of infection during the incubation period of the epidemic. From February 5, 2020 to February 21, 2020, 634 persons were infected in the Diamond Princess Liner. All persons are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2. The older, patients during the incubation period and the worse environment may be the cause of the cases rising. The progress of the two typical outbreaks clearly demonstrates the spread of the early cases in Wuhan. Whatever happens, screening and isolating close contacts remains essential except for clinical treatment during the epidemic. Especially for the healthy people in the epidemic area, isolation is the key.
JO  - Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 0
PG  - 623-628
SP  - 623
EP  - 628
AN  - 32145716
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200223-00153
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32145716
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prediction of the SARS-CoV-2 (2019-nCoV) 3C-like protease (3CLpro) structure: virtual screening reveals velpatasvir, ledipasvir, and other drug repurposing candidates
AU  - Yu Wai Chen, Chin-Pang Bennu Yiu, Kwok-Yin Wong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We prepared the three-dimensional model of the SARS-CoV-2 (aka 2019-nCoV) 3C-like protease (3CLpro) using the crystal structure of the highly similar (96% identity) ortholog from the SARS-CoV. All residues involved in the catalysis, substrate binding and dimerisation are 100% conserved. Comparison of the polyprotein PP1AB sequences showed 86% identity. The 3C-like cleavage sites on the coronaviral polyproteins are highly conserved. Based on the near-identical substrate specificities and high sequence identities, we are of the opinion that some of the previous progress of specific inhibitors development for the SARS-CoV enzyme can be conferred on its SARS-CoV-2 counterpart.  With the 3CLpro molecular model, we performed virtual screening for purchasable drugs and proposed 16 candidates for consideration. Among these, the antivirals ledipasvir or velpatasvir are particularly attractive as therapeutics to combat the new coronavirus with minimal side effects, commonly fatigue and headache.  The drugs Epclusa (velpatasvir/sofosbuvir) and Harvoni (ledipasvir/sofosbuvir) could be very effective owing to their dual inhibitory actions on two viral enzymes.
JO  - F1000Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9:129
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://f1000research.com/articles/9-129/v1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pittcon goes ahead despite coronavirus
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus was on everyone’s mind at Pittcon, the big scientific instrumentation conference held last week at McCormick Place in Chicago. In the halls, breezeways, and bars, scientists and instrument company executives took 5 min here and 10 min there to check in with one another about the latest on the disease, called COVID-19, caused by the new coronavirus. Many booths sat empty, with signs stating that the exhibitor who had reserved the spot was “absent due to travel restrictions.” Firms small and large told C&EN that travel for their staff was down to a minimum, and they were watching and waiting to see how the virus would impact their business. “I’m here at this show because someone from China couldn’t make it,” said Bob Schuman, director of marketing and product management at KPM Analytics. A staffer at his firm, which makes specialized instruments for food and agriculture markets
JO  - C&EN Global Enterprise
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 98
IS  - 9
PG  - 18-18
SP  - 18
EP  - 18
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1021/cen-09809-buscon2
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-09809-buscon2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pet dog confirmed to have coronavirus
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Vet Rec
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 186
IS  - 9
PG  - 265-265
SP  - 265
EP  - 265
AN  - 32139620
DO  - 10.1136/vr.m892
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32139620
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Patient with SARS-CoV-2 Infection during Pregnancy in Qingdao, China
AU  - Wen, Rong
AU  - Sun, Peng
AU  - Xing, Quan-Sheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2020.03.004
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S168411822030061X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia calls for viral vaccines
AU  - Weilong Shang, Yi Yang, Yifan Rao, Xiancai Rao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of 2019-novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) that is caused by SARS-CoV-2 has spread rapidly in China, and has developed to be a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. However, no specific antiviral treatments or vaccines are available yet. This work aims to share strategies and candidate antigens to develop safe and effective vaccines against SARS-CoV-2.
JO  - npj Vaccines
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 2020;5(1):1-3
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41541-020-0170-0
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/s41541-020-0170-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - An outbreak of COVID-19 caused by a new coronavirus: what we know so far
AU  - Cheng, Allen C.
AU  - Williamson, Deborah A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Information on the new virus and its impact is being updated constantly. We know that SARS‐CoV‐2 can cause severe disease, although active surveillance of contacts is required to define the milder end of the disease spectrum and to estimate the true hospitalisation and case fatality ratio. The cases reported to date suggest that most are older adults; it is currently unclear whether comorbidities reflect the age group affected or whether they are risk factors for severe disease.4, 5 Early studies using data before the institution of public health interventions in China suggest that SARS‐CoV‐2 is as transmissible as SARS coronavirus and probably more transmissible than influenza viruses.6, 7 The timing of infectiousness relative to symptom onset is a particularly important parameter with implications for public health control. While reports suggest that asymptomatic infection and transmission may result from minimally symptomatic cases, the contribution of this to transmission is not yet known.8 Careful analysis of early data suggests that the mean incubation period is 6 days, with a range of up to 14 days.9 Reports of large outbreaks, particularly associated with hospitals and closed communities, raise the possibility of “superspreading” events, a feature of previous coronavirus outbreaks.10 The importance of infection control is also reinforced by a report that 41% of cases in Wuhan were acquired nosocomially (including 40 health care workers and 17 patients).4
JO  - Medical Journal of Australia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.5694/mja2.50530
UR  - https://doi.org/10.5694/mja2.50530
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - On a knife’s edge of a COVID-19 pandemic: is containment still possible?
AU  - MacIntyre, C. Raina
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In 2018, we undertook a training simulation of a pandemic in Sydney, underpinned by mathematical modelling, which went through precisely the issues we are dealing with now in trying to contain the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) – namely mass quarantine, travel restrictions, stricken cruise ships, mass surveillance, finding enough beds for case isolation and mass contact tracing. Governments everywhere plan for pandemics, because their impact can cause sharp shocks to economies and societies and require a substantial surge in health system capacity. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes COVID-19, probably emerged in late 2019, and began infecting humans in December 2019. Only half of the initial cluster of cases had exposure at the Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market in Wuhan. By mid-January it was clear there was substantial person-to-person transmission. Like SARS-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), severe infection and mortality is more common in older adults. Estimates of the reproduction number (R0), or the number of susceptible people, on average, that an infectious person will infect, have varied between 2 and 7. The best estimate of R0 is 2.2, based on date of illness onset.  This compares with an R0 of 1.83 for Ebola virus disease, 1.54 for influenza A and 2.9 for SARS.7 Most estimates have been based on date of reported cases, not date of symptom onset. The reporting date can result in bias, as illustrated in World Health Organization (WHO) situation reports which show the difference between epidemic curves plotted with symptom onset versus reporting date. Outbreaks have also occurred in closed settings such as cruise ships, prisons, hospitals and aged care facilities, with growing epidemics in other countries. When sustained transmission was largely localised to China, containment was a feasible goal. However, in Iran and Italy, a high ratio of deaths to cases suggests a substantial proportion of undiagnosed cases and sustained community transmission between people without travel as a risk factor, leading experts to believe a pandemic is likely.
JO  - Public Health Research & Practice
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 2020;30(1)
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.17061/phrp3012000
UR  - https://www.phrp.com.au/issues/march-2020-volume-30-issue-1/on-a-knifes-edge-of-a-covid-19-pandemic-is-containment-still-possible/
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Nuevo coronavirus 2019-ncov: impacto en salud global
AU  - Pérez-Then, Eddy
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Se trata de una revisión sistemática de una selección de artículos publicados en diferentes fuentes de información, post aparición del primer caso de 2019-nCoV en China, que incluye la infor-mación disponible a febrero 2 del año 2020 sobre diferentes aspectos clínico-epidemiológicos de la epidemia. Se incluye también un análisis comparativo de la forma de transmisión, origen, mortalidad, período de incubación y el número reproductivo básico (R0) o la velocidad con que una enfermedad puede propagarse en una población, de este nuevo coronavirus (2019-nCoV), con la evidencia disponible de estos parámetros para el SARS-CoV y el MERS-CoV, al 2 de febrero del año 2020. Se concluye recomendando la creación de unidades de salud global, lo cual podría favorecer que el sistema de salud perpetúe su impacto en los indicadores de salud de entidades de mayor prevalencia y de comportamiento endémico, mientras que, dichas unidades, orienten los esfuerzos a la implementación efectiva de las medidas de contención y prevención de brotes epidémicos en puertos de entrada y puntos estratégicos de una nación en particular, así como también mejorar la interconexión con otras unidades de similar envergadura y objetivos, en un principio, a nivel regional, pero, como fin último, a nivel global.
JO  - Ciencia y Salud
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Vol. 4 Núm. 1 (2020):
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.22206/cysa.2020.v4i1.pp5-9
UR  - https://revistas.intec.edu.do/index.php/cisa/article/view/1672
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The novel coronavirus outbreak in Wuhan, China
AU  - Hengbo Zhu, Li Wei, Ping Niu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV, or COVID-19) epidemic first broke out in Wuhan and has been spreading in whole China and the world. The numbers of new infections and deaths in Wuhan are still increasing, which have posed major public health and governance concerns. A series of mandatory actions have been taken by the municipal and provincial governments supported by the central government, such as measures to restrict travels across cities, case detection and contact tracing, quarantine, guidance and information to the public, detection kit development, etc. Challenges such as lacking effective drugs, insufficient hospital services and medical supplies, logistics, etc. have much alleviated with the solidarity of the whole society. The pandemic will definitely be ended with the continuous efforts of both national and international multi-sectoral bodies.
JO  - Global Health Research and Policy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 2020;5(1):1-3
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s41256-020-00135-6
UR  - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s41256-020-00135-6
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel Coronavirus 2019 (Sars-CoV2): a global emergency that needs new approaches?
AU  - Perrella, A.
AU  - Carannante, N.
AU  - Berretta, M.
AU  - Rinaldi, M.
AU  - Maturo, N.
AU  - Rinaldi, L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 24
IS  - 4
PG  - 2162-2164
SP  - 2162
EP  - 2164
AN  - 32141586
DO  - 10.26355/eurrev_202002_20396
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32141586
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mutations can reveal how the coronavirus moves—but they’re easy to overinterpret
AU  - Kupferschmidt, Kai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Immediately after Christian Drosten published a genetic sequence of the novel coronavirus online on 28 February, he took to Twitter to issue a warning. As the virus has raced around the world, more than 350 genome sequences have been shared on the online platform GISAID. They hold clues to how the new virus, named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is spreading and evolving. But because the sequences represent a tiny fraction of cases and show few telltale differences, they are easy to overinterpret, as Drosten realized. A virologist at the Charité University Hospital in Berlin, he had sequenced the virus from a German patient infected with COVID-19 in Italy. The genome looked similar to that of a virus found in a patient in Munich, the capital of Bavaria, more than 1 month earlier; both shared three mutations not seen in early sequences from China. Drosten realized this could give rise to the idea that the Italian outbreak was “seeded” by the one in Bavaria, which state public health officials said had been quashed by tracing and quarantining all contacts of the 14 confirmed cases. But he thought it was just as likely that a Chinese variant carrying the three mutations had taken independent routes to both countries. The newly sequenced genome “is not sufficient to claim a link between Munich and Italy,” Drosten tweeted.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb6526
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/03/mutations-can-reveal-how-coronavirus-moves-they-re-easy-overinterpret
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Makeshift hospitals for COVID-19 patients: where health-care workers and patients need sufficient ventilation for more protection
AU  - Chen, Chen
AU  - Zhao, Bin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Hospital Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2020.03.008
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0195670120301079
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A long overdue ban
AU  - Vaughan, Adam
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In an attempt to stem the spread of coronavirus, China has shut its wildlife markets for good. It is a welcome move, says Adam Vaughan
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 245
IS  - 3272
PG  - 23
SP  - 23
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30499-1
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920304991
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Le nouveau Coronavirus Covid-19 : quels risques ophtalmiques ?
AU  - Tahiri Joutei Hassani, R.
AU  - Sandali, O.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal Français d'Ophtalmologie
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfo.2020.02.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0181551220301042
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Challenges and responsibilities of family doctors in the new global coronavirus outbreak
AU  - Li, Donald Kwok Tung
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Fam Med Community Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 8
IS  - 1
PG  - e000333-e000333
SP  - e000333
EP  - e000333
AN  - 32148740
DO  - 10.1136/fmch-2020-000333
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32148740 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7046369/
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - CDC’s coronavirus test runs into early problems
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Early batches of a kit developed by the US government to diagnose the novel coronavirus infection have been plagued by problems that initially limited their use and cast doubt on their accuracy. The problems were first reported by the Washington Post, and C&EN learned soon after that the kits contained faulty reagents that led to inconclusive readouts. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has started an investigation into what exactly went wrong with the tests. The CDC designed and manufactured the test kit, which detects the RNA genome of the virus, called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The US Food and Drug Administration has approved its use in public health departments nationwide. As of March 5, SARS-CoV-2 has killed 10 people in the US and infected nearly 100. Several hundred people have been tested, but the CDC has now stopped reporting testing numbers in favor of [truncated]
JO  - C&EN Global Enterprise
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 98
IS  - 9
PG  - 6-6
SP  - 6
EP  - 6
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1021/cen-09809-leadcon
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-09809-leadcon
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A case of 2019 novel coronavirus infected pneumonia with twice negative 2019-nCoV nucleic acid testing within 8 days
AU  - Ruan, Zhong-Rui
AU  - Gong, Peng
AU  - Han, Wei
AU  - Huang, Min-Qiang
AU  - Han, Ming
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Chin Med J (Engl)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000788
SP  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000788
EP  - 
AN  - 32149771
DO  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000788
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32149771
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cardiac troponin I in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): Evidence from a meta-analysis
AU  - Lippi, Giuseppe
AU  - Lavie, Carl J.
AU  - Sanchis-Gomar, Fabian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcad.2020.03.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0033062020300554
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Biological characters analysis of COVID-19 patient accompanied with aplastic anemia
AU  - Wu, T.
AU  - Kang, S. C.
AU  - Feng, W.
AU  - Fu, H.
AU  - Zhu, X. H.
AU  - Wang, X. J.
AU  - Dai, P. J.
AU  - Wang, T. H.
AU  - Bai, H.
AU  - Xi, R.
AU  - Zhang, Q.
AU  - Xue, X.
AU  - Xiang, D. W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 0
PG  - E003-E003
SP  - E003
EP  - E003
AN  - 32145715
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2020.0003
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32145715
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Atypical lung feature on chest CT in a lung adenocarcinoma cancer patient infected with COVID-19
AU  - Qu, Jinrong
AU  - Yang, Rui
AU  - Song, Liucun
AU  - Kamel, Ihab R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annonc.2020.03.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0923753420360804
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Assessing the Presence of Post-Traumatic Stress and Turnover Intention Among Nurses Post–Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Outbreak: The Importance of Supervisor Support
AU  - Jung, Heeja
AU  - Jung, Sun Young
AU  - Lee, Mi Hyang
AU  - Kim, Mi Sun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background: South Korea faced the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) outbreak for the first time in 2015, which resulted in 186 infected patients and 39 deaths. This study investigated the level of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and turnover intention, the relationship between PTSD and turnover intention, and the buffering effect of supervisor support among nurses post-MERS outbreak. Methods: In total, 300 nurses from three of 15 isolation hospitals in South Korea were invited to participate. We collected data pertaining to PTSD, turnover intention, supervisor support, work-related factors, and socio-demographic factors through a structured survey distributed to the nurses at the hospitals after the outbreak. For the statistical analyses, descriptive statistics and multiple regression were employed. Findings: Of the 147 participants, 33.3% were involved in the direct care of the infected patients, whereas 66.7% were involved in the direct care of the suspected patients. More than half (57.1%) of the nurses experienced PTSD, with 25.1% experienced full PTSD and 32.0% with moderate or some level of PTSD. The mean score of turnover intention was 16.3, with the score range of 4 to 20. The multiple regression analysis revealed that PTSD was positively associated with turnover intention, and supervisor support had a strong buffering effect. Conclusion/Application to Practice: These findings confirmed that after a fatal infectious disease outbreak like MERS, nurses experience high level of PTSD and show high intention to leave. Organizational strategies to help nurses to cope with stress and to prevent turnover intention, especially using supervisor support, would be beneficial.
JO  - Workplace Health & Safety
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 2165079919897693
SP  - 2165079919897693
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/2165079919897693
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1177/2165079919897693
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - "The Art of War" in the Era of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
AU  - Maxwell, Daniel N.
AU  - Perl, Trish M.
AU  - Cutrell, James B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clin Infect Dis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - ciaa229
SP  - ciaa229
EP  - 
AN  - 32147715
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa229
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32147715
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Analysis of the pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women with COVID-19 in Hubei Province
AU  - Zhang, L.
AU  - Jiang, Y.
AU  - Wei, M.
AU  - Cheng, B. H.
AU  - Zhou, X. C.
AU  - Li, J.
AU  - Tian, J. H.
AU  - Dong, L.
AU  - Hu, R. H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To study the effect of COVID-19 on pregnancy outcomes and neonatal prognosis in Hubei Province. Methods: A retrospective comparison of the pregnancy outcomes was done between 16 women with COVID-19 and 45 women without COVID-19. Also, the results of laboratory tests, imaging examinations, and the 2019-nCoV nucleic acid test were performed in 10 cases of neonatal deliverd from women with COVID-19. Results: (1) Of the 16 pregnant women with COVID-19, 15 cases were ordinary type and 1 case was severe type. No one has progressed to critical pneumonia. The delivery method of the two groups was cesarean section, and the gestational age were (38.7±1.4) and (37.9±1.6) weeks, there was no significant difference between the two groups (P> 0.05). Also, there wee no significant differences in the intraoperative blood loss and birth weight of the newborn between the two groups (all P>0.05). (2) Ten cases of neonates delivered from pregnant women with COVID-19 were collected. The 2019-nCoV nucleic acid test were all negative. There were no significant differences in fetal distress, meconium-stained amniotic fluid, preterm birth, and neonatal asphyxia between the two groups (all P>0.05). (3) In the treatment of uterine contraction fatigue, carbetocin or carboprost tromethamine was used more in cesarean section for pregnant women with COVID-19 (1.3±0.6), compared with Non-COVID-19 group (0.5±0.7), the difference was statistically significant (P=0.001). Conclusions: If there is an indication for obstetric surgery or critical illness of COVID-19 in pregnant women, timely termination of pregnancy will not increase the risk of premature birth and asphyxia of the newborn, but it is beneficial to the treatment and rehabilitation of maternal pneumonia. Preventive use of long-acting uterotonic agents could reduce the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage during surgery. 2019-nCoV infection has not been found in neonates deliverd from pregnant women with COVID-19.
JO  - Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 55
IS  - 0
PG  - E009-E009
SP  - E009
EP  - E009
AN  - 32145714
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112141-20200218-00111
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32145714
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Exploration and analysis of the management mode of a cabin hospital during the outbreak of COVID-19
AU  - ZHANG, Yidan
AU  - DING, Ning
AU  - HU, Yu
AU  - SUN, Hui
AU  - FU, Xinqiao
AU  - YU, Jiaohua
AU  - XU, Dong
AU  - ZHANG, Ming
AU  - ZHANG, Jinxiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since the outbreak of COVID-19 in Wuhan, cabin hospitals have played an important role in preventing the spread of the epidemic and admitting all the patients and suspected ones. As one of the first three cabin hospitals in Wuhan, Jianghan cabin hospital under care of Wuhan Union Hospital has efficiently fulfilled its purpose of admitting patients of mild symptoms. Measures taken by the cabin hospital include clearing its positioning, optimizing its layout, establishing organization structure, setting up the rules and regulations, and strengthening the prevention and control of hospital infection. This article briefly summed up the operation and management practices of the cabin hospital, and analyzed its management difficulties, hence putting forwards suggestions on medical emergency management system of China, for references of hospitals and authorities in charge.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Hospital Administration
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 36
IS  - 0
PG  - E011-E011
SP  - E011
EP  - E011
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Analysis of family cluster infection with Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia
AU  - ZHANG, Wei
AU  - TIAN, Sijia
AU  - WANG, Ying
AU  - CHEN, Hui
AU  - ZHANG, Jinjun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To explore the regularity and characteristics of the transmission of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia(NCP) in crowd, for provide a reference for pre-hospital first aid to identify and screen NCP and close contact, at the same time to improve protection awareness and reduce infection rates. Method: Retrospective analysis about the cases of familial aggregation transferred by Beijing Emergency Medical Center between January 20 and February 10, 2020,collect relevant information,including basic information,contact history,symptoms and signs, clinical outcome, etc. Results: The mean incubation period of familial cluster cases was 5.6d,mean time from onset of symptoms to first visit was 1.8d;Among the 5 family cluster cases, 4 had fever,mean body temperature 38&ordm;C, the Sp0 2 averaged 96%; Among the 5 family cluster cases, 4 had cough, 2 had fatigue, and 1 had dyspnea. Conclusion: People are susceptible to infection to NCP,it spreads easily between close contacts, effective isolation is the focus of prevention and control among family members, it is also one of the difficulties of prevention and control.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 29
IS  - 0
PG  - E019-E019
SP  - E019
EP  - E019
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epitranscriptome analysis of COVID-19 prevention and control
AU  - ZHANG, Meiling
AU  - WANG, Kun
AU  - LIU, Xiao
AU  - PENG, Jinying
AU  - YI, Chengqi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective The purpose of this review of COVID-19 related research is to deepen our understanding of SARS-CoV-2, which would be inspire new ideas for targeted drug development and vaccine design, and further empower the prevention and control COVID-19. Methods Through literature research and data analysis, we explored the process and mechanism of epitranscriptomics modification to regulate the replication and infectivity of COVID-19. Results Provide important ideas and technical support for the prevention and control of SARS-CoV-2 infections and emerging epidemic diseases. Conclusions Taking the new research direction of epitranscriptomics as the starting point, it is expected to open up new scientific research concepts and paradigms.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Medical Science Research Management
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 33
IS  - 0
PG  - E002-E002
SP  - E002
EP  - E002
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Nutritional and Metabolic Support and the Treatment Strategy of Severe Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
AU  - ZHANG, Jiancheng
AU  - JIANG, Hua
AU  - DENG, Lei
AU  - WANG, Kai
AU  - SUN, Mingwei
AU  - ZHOU, Ping
AU  - CHEN, Wei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The digestive tract is a target organ attacked by COVID-19. It is also the earliest affected organ other than the lung and must bear side effects from the anti-virus chemotherapy such as LPV/r. In this article, we aim to provide practical recommendations for a nutritional and metabolic management strategy for severe corona virus disease-19 (COVID-19) patients. These recommendations are based on the newest pathophysiological findings on the risk factors of malnutrition for COVID-19. We also systematically retrieve literatures on nutritional therapy for acute lung injuries from international and Chinese databases according to evidence-based principles. Our suggestions are: 1) Physicians should be mindful of gut injury when they focus on respiratory support, by monitoring and managing the nutritional status; 2) Periodical and dynamic nutritional risk evaluation is needed; 3) For severe patients, the feeding target of calorie and protein should be down-regulated; 4)The using of &omega;-3 fatty acids products should be in accordance with pharmacological indications; the forms and dosage should be determined individually.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 29
IS  - 0
PG  - E011-E011
SP  - E011
EP  - E011
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Exploration of the ethical review criteria and management of COVID-19 Emergency Research
AU  - ZHANG, Haihong
AU  - LI, Jie
AU  - XIAO, Yu
AU  - LIANG, Guowei
AU  - ZHAO, Liyan
AU  - ZHANG, Nannan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective Conduct comprehensive analysis of the regulatory requirement of ethical review regarding to the response of public health emergency, illustrate particular ethical review and ethical administration strategies for COVID-19 Emergency Research. Methods Theoretical discussion, case study and interpretation of international guidelines were adopted to explore challenges and possible best practices for ethical review of such research. Results The ethical review of COVID-19 emergency research should comply with regulatory requirement in general, combined with contextual background. Conclusions The ethical review approval criteria of COVID-19 emergency research should take into full consideration of its urgency to make sure efficient and high quality initial review, meanwhile, more attention should be paid on continuing ethical review and ethical consultation during the whole life-circle of COVID-19 Emergency Research.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Medical Science Research Management
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 33
IS  - 0
PG  - E001-E001
SP  - E001
EP  - E001
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Study on the effect of nursing-technology integrated in the imaging examination of Novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - ZHANG, Dechuan
AU  - LAI, Changsu
AU  - YI, Juan
AU  - REN, He
AU  - FANG, Yu
AU  - JIANG, Yang
AU  - FENG, Chen
AU  - LIANG, Xuqian
AU  - YANG, Huiping
AU  - YANG, Hua
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Currently, the outbreak of the new coronary pneumonia has entered a critical period of screening, prevention and control.In order to block the transmission of the virus in the radiology department, it is particularly important to effectively protect the medical servant while speeding up the flow of inspection.Based on the basis of notification of the bureau of disease control and prevention, the expert consensus of the CMA and CMDA, and the literature review, combined with the previous practical work experience,this article puts forward the recommendations on the important effect of nursing-technology integrated in the imaging examination of novel coronavirus pneumonia, in order to provide reference for the protection of medical servant in the radiology department at the front line of anti-epidemic.
JO  - Chongqing Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 49
IS  - 0
PG  - E019-E019
SP  - E019
EP  - E019
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Analysis on the layout of China’s emergency research projects during the public health emergency of COVID-19
AU  - ZHANG, Bi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To explore the main layout and countermeasures of Scientific research projects during the public health emergency of COVID-19. Methods Literature investigation method is applied to collect information of scientific research and emergency research projects of COVID-19 funded since January 20th by different entities including national, provincial and municipal administrative departments, public health agencies, research institutes, universities and industries. Results Along with priorities identified for the emergency response and key research agendas, the national science and technology authorities at all levels and scientific research institutions have deployed a series of new science and technology projects, as well as a number of supporting policies and measures. Conclusions In the campaign of science and technology to deal with COVID-19, the leadership of Chinese government and their coordination with local agencies facilitated quick response in both R&amp;D investment and supporting policies. Periodical achievement is recognized so far, and with the continuous development and in-depth research, the related scientific research results will be gathered into the core force of epidemic prevention. Moreover, it will improve China's capacity to deal with health emergencies and the level of medical health innovation, and better protect the health of the people.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Medical Science Research Management
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 33
IS  - 0
PG  - E004-E004
SP  - E004
EP  - E004
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Modelling the Economic Impact and Ripple Effects of Disease Outbreaks
AU  - Yu, Krista Danielle S.
AU  - Aviso, Kathleen B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has had alarming effects on human lives and the economies of affected countries. With the world’s manufacturing hubs experiencing a period of extended factory closures, the economic impact transcends territorial borders via global supply chains. This paper provides a roadmap on how to evaluate the vulnerability that cascades through the supply chain due to a disease outbreak at the firm level, national level, and global scale. The final extent of losses is not yet known, but the development of economic models combined with epidemiological models and network analysis techniques can yield more realistic estimates to select appropriate strategies in a timely manner.
JO  - Process Integration and Optimization for Sustainability
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s41660-020-00113-y
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s41660-020-00113-y
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prevention and control strategies of new coronavirus pneumonia in general hospitals
AU  - YU, Jiang
AU  - HU, Lin
AU  - GUO, Qin
AU  - ZHU, Dan
AU  - XU, Jing
AU  - LIAO, Tongquan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The new coronavirus pneumonia has been listed as one of the Class B infectious disease but is managed as Class A infectious disease. To prevent and control its spread in hospitals, the outpatient department is the first key gate. Based on the relevant diagnosis and treatment strategies of the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, combined with the actual situation of the hospital's epidemic prevention and control work, this article formulated comprehensive prevention and control strategies from the perspective of the patients and staffs. From the aspects of organization and leadership, medical epidemic prevention, pre-screening and screening, process formulation, admission management, cleaning and disinfection, epidemic report, prevention and control supervision, personnel and material deployment, patient education, comprehensive management, personnel management and psychological support and so on, advice and guidance on prevention and control of this infectious disease in outpatient department of hospital were provided.
JO  - Chongqing Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 49
IS  - 0
PG  - E014-E014
SP  - E014
EP  - E014
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - High resolution CT findings and clinical features of novel coronavirus pneumonia in Guangzhou
AU  - YU, Chengcheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To investigate the initial HRCT manifestations and clinical features of imported novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) in Guangzhou. Methods A retrospective analysis of 91 NCP patients admitted to the Guangzhou Eighth People&rsquo;s Hospital from January 22 to 30, 2020 was performed including 39 males and 52 females, with a median age of 50 (33-62) years, then their clinical features and HRCT characteristics were analyzed. Results The main clinical presentations included fever in 70 cases and cough in 57 cases(mainly dry coughin39 cases). The first time HRCT showed that 24 cases with NCP were normal, however other 67 cases were abnormal. The ground glass opacity in the lung on HRCT was found in 65 cases, including 64 cases with dilated blood vessel crossing the lesion, 50 cases with thickened adjacent pleura, and 47 cases with thickening of interstitial septum. The patchy opacity was seen in 42 cases, and no enlarged lymph nodes were observed in all patients. As for the lesion distribution, there were two cases with bilateral diffuse changes, 57 cases with multiple lesions, 8 cases with the lesion in only one lobe. The lesions were mainly located under the pleura area in 46 cases, including 39 cases in the lower lobe and other 7 cases in the upper lobe. And there were 13 cases without characteristic distribution in the lung. Conclusions The initial images of NCP in Guangzhou mainly showed multiple ground glass opacity, which were mostly seen in the subpleural and lower lung fields, most of them with thickened pulmonary interstitium. Guangzhou has a higher proportion of NCP patients with mild and general patients, and some confirmed patients show negative HRCT for the first time. Patients without HRCT changes should be reviewed in a timely manner.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 0
PG  - E010-E010
SP  - E010
EP  - E010
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Advance in research of beta coronavirus receptors on ocular surface
AU  - YIN, Xiaolei
AU  - ZHANG, Jinping
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) caused an outbreak of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from December 2019 in China. 2019-nCoV which was identified is a kind of beta coronavirus belongs to one of four coronavirus genera. Except 2019-nCoV, two other beta coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) are also quite harmful to human beings. 2019-nCoV uses the same cell entry receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), as SARS-CoV. And dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) or CD26 is the cell receptor for MERS-CoV. The expression of ACE2 was found to have obvious positive expression in human corneal and conjunctival epithelium, and corneal endothelium. DPP4 activity was presented in normal animal conjunctival epithelium and fibroblasts of the subjacent connective tissue. It was also presented in the whole corneal epithelium and tear fluid of animal with severe injured corneas. The two receptors, ACE2 and DPP4, involve in many cellular&nbsp;signaling&nbsp;pathways and pathophysiological&nbsp;processes. Their expression in the cells of ocular surface may be an access route of corona virus in eye, which provides clues to elucidating the pathogenesis of corona virus in the eyeballs.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Experimental Ophthalmology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 38
IS  - 0
PG  - E009-E009
SP  - E009
EP  - E009
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical characteristics and influencing factors of patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia combined with liver injury in Shaanxi region
AU  - Yao, N.
AU  - Wang, S. N.
AU  - Lian, J. Q.
AU  - Sun, Y. T.
AU  - Zhang, G. F.
AU  - Kang, W. Z.
AU  - Kang, W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To understand the clinical characteristics, change of liver function, influencing factors and prognosis in hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) combined with liver injury. Methods: The general conditions, biochemical indicators of liver, blood clotting mechanism, routine blood test, UGT1A1 * 28 gene polymorphism and other data of 40 cases with COVID-19 admitted to the isolation ward of Tangdu Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical characteristics, influencing factors and prognosis of liver injury in patients with liver injury group and those with normal liver function group were compared. The mean of two samples in univariate analysis was compared by t-test and analysis of variance. The counting data was measured by χ(2) tests. The non-normal distribution measurement data were described by the median, and the non-parametric test was used. Statistically significant influencing factors were used as the independent variables in univariate analysis. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the main influencing factors of liver injury. Results: Of the 40 cases, 25 were male (62.5%) and 15 were female (37.5%), aged 22 to 83 (53.87 ± 15.84) years. Liver injury was occurred in 22 cases (55%) during the course of the disease. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) level was initially increased (4.4 to 3.5 times of the normal value) along with decrease of albumin in the second week, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.001). Ten cases (43.5%) had highest abnormal total blood bilirubin (54.1 μmol/ L). There was no correlation between the increase in transaminase and the increase in total blood bilirubin (R = -0.006, P = 0.972). Three cases had prothrombin activity (PTA) of ≤ 50%, 10 cases had elevated FDP, and 13 cases had elevated D-dimer, all of whom were severe or critically ill. Liver function injury was more likely to occur in patients who used many types of drugs and large amounts of hormones (P = 0.002, P = 0.031), and there was no correlation with the TA6TA7 mutation in the UGT1A1 * 28 gene locus. Multiple regression analysis showed that the occurrence of liver injury was only related to critical illness. The liver function of all patients had recovered within one week after conventional liver protection treatment. Conclusion: COVID-19 combined with liver function injury may be due to the slight elevation of transaminase, mostly around the second week of the disease course. Severe patients have a higher proportion of liver injury, and critical type is an independent risk factor for liver injury.
JO  - Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 28
IS  - 0
PG  - E003-E003
SP  - E003
EP  - E003
AN  - 32153170
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20200226-00070
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32153170
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Asymptomatic COVID-19 infection in pregnant woman in the third trimester: a case report
AU  - YAO, Li
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We report a case of asymptomatic COVID-19 infection in a pregnant woman in the third trimester with good maternal and infant outcomes. The patient was admitted to the Second People's Hospital of Hefei on February 11, 2020, because of a 'positive novel coronavirus nucleic acid test result for one day' at 38 weeks of gestation. No abnormality was observed during her previous regular prenatal examinations. A throat swab sample was obtained from the patient four days before admission due to the diagnosis of COVID-19 infection in her husband and sister on the 14 th and 7 th day before her admission, and the new coronavirus nucleic acid test showed positive. The patient reported no discomfort before admission. Chest CT on the 3 rd after admission showed a small amount of bilateral pleural effusion. Irregular contractions occurred three days after admission and labor was considered to be imminent. An emergency cesarean section was performed and the patient delivered a live baby girl. No tests were performed on amniotic fluid, cord blood or placenta for new coronavirus nuclei acid. The patient was isolated from the infant without breastfeeding after surgery. All medical staff involved in the cesarean section were isolated after surgery. Neonatal peripheral blood and nasopharyngeal swabs were collected for the new coronavirus nucleic acid tests on the day of birth and one day of age respectively, and nasopharyngeal swabs and anal suabs were taken at nine days after birth. All test results were negative. The patient recovered well after surgery with stable vital signs. Chest CT on the 8 th after operation showed a small amount of bilateral pleural effusion, while the new coronavirus nucleic acid test results of the pharyngeal swabs were positive on the 11 th and 12 th day after operation. The throat swabs of all medical staff involved in the operation were negative 14 days after the operation. The mother and baby were discharged 14 days after the Cesarean section.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Perinatal Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 23
IS  - 3
PG  - 229-231
SP  - 229
EP  - 231
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Operating room management strategy for orthopedic patients in Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University during epidemic of corona virus disease 2019
AU  - YANG, Shuhong
AU  - HU, Fang
AU  - JIA, Shichao
AU  - LI, Xiuting
AU  - YIN, Yingchao
AU  - ZHU, Yanbin
AU  - ZHANG, Yingze
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, the corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) broke out in Wuhan, Hubei Province. Although the number of newly confirmed COVID-19 cases in provinces outside of Hubei Province has declined continuously since February 4, the epidemic of COVID-19 remains serious. As companies resume work, it is still inevitable that some high-energy orthopedic trauma patients and elderly patients with low-energy fractures will need surgical treatment. The operating room, as a place for close contact between doctors, patients and nurses, increases the risk of infection and transmission. Based on the current needs of orthopedic trauma patients and the situation of the country's resistance to the epidemic of COVID-19, the authors expound the operating room management, preparation of medical materials, transfer of patients needing surgery, intraoperative protection and post-operative end disinfection in Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University so as to provide reference for prevention and control management of the operating room during the epidemic period.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Trauma
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 36
IS  - 2
PG  - 129-132
SP  - 129
EP  - 132
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Use Stones from Another Mountain to Polish One’s Jade: Learn from MERS Studies toexplore potential mechanisms underlying the effect of diabetes mellitus on COVID-19
AU  - YANG, Sijue
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Epidemiology studies suggest that comorbid diabetes may have negative impact on the progression and severity of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which first occurred in Wuhan. However, the exact mechanism remains unclear. A recent study on another type of coronavirus infection, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), investigated its relationship with diabetes. This essay aims to give a brief introduction to this report and related studies, and to propose suggestions on what we can learn from these investigations to conduct further studies on the potential mechanisms underlying the effect of diabetes mellitus on COVID-19.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 36
IS  - 0
PG  - E001-E001
SP  - E001
EP  - E001
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Analysis on the epidemic factors for the Corona Virus Disease
AU  - YANG, Haiyan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) , an emerging infection disease occurred in Wuhan, has spread in the mainland China. The epidemic factors on the basis of knowledge of SARS-CoV-2 were discussed in this paper. This puts a lot of pressure on clinical resources and care. SARS-CoV-2 is a novel corona virus, the onset of COVID-19 is slow, and the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 remains unclear and may lead to multiple organ damage. These put a lot of pressure on clinical resources and care. Source of infection including the patients, asymptomatic carrier and patients in the incubation period are contagious. It is difficult to control source of infection. Routes of SARS-CoV-2 transmission are diversified and the main routes of transmission for COVID-19 are droplet transmission and close contact transmission. All population have susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2. Social factors such population movements and aggregation accelerated the spread of SARS-CoV-2. The Chinese government&rsquo;s adopted measures are positive and effective, and are accepted by the expert group from the World Health Organization. However, it will be a long-term hard work in the future to seriously summarize and think deeply to achieve public health security in China.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 0
PG  - E021-E021
SP  - E021
EP  - E021
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Experience in prevention and control of COVID-19 in tramatological and microsurgical wards
AU  - YANG, Fan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To report our experience in the prevention and control of COVID-19 in the tramatological and microsurgical wards. Methods A retrospective study was conducted of the COVID-19 infections in the 51 medical staff and patients from 31 December, 2019 to 14 February, 2020 at Department of Traumatology and Microsurgery, Zhongnan Hospital. The prevention and control measures were upgraded after 20 January, 2020 to address the serious epidemic situation, including preventive disinfection, terminal disinfection and personnel disinfection in wards, management of emergency patients, inpatients and patients suspected of COVID-19 infection, and training, management and psychological intervention of medical staff. The outcomes resulting from different prevention and control measures before and after 20 January, 2020 were compared. Results From 31 December, 2019 to 20 January, 2020, there were altogether 3 cases of definite COVID-19 infection and 2 ones of suspected COVID-19 infection at the department. One doctor, one technician and one nurse were diagnosed as definite COVID-19 infection while one nurse and one patient as suspected COVID-19 infection. The 4 medical staff members infected were cured and discharged before 14 February, 2020 but unfortunately the one patient infected died. After the prevention and control measures for COVID-19 infection had been upgraded since 20 January, 2020, 12 out of the 29 emergency patients at our wards had fever (body temperature &ge;37.3&#8451;) but none COVID-19 infection. All the 47 medical staff on duty at the department got trained and none of them was infected by COVID-19 or suffered from mental disorder. Conclusion In the epidemic of COVID-19, as our prevention and control measures for COVID-19 infection were adjusted and upgraded in response to the changing epidemic situation, they eliminated nosocomial infection scientifically and effectively and ensured life safety of the medical staff and patients at the department.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 22
IS  - 2
PG  - E008-E008
SP  - E008
EP  - E008
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Composition of human-specific slow codons and slow di-codons in SARS-CoV and 2019-nCoV are lower than other coronaviruses suggesting a faster protein synthesis rate of SARS-CoV and 2019-nCoV
AU  - Yang, Chu-Wen
AU  - Chen, Mei-Fang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Translation of a genetic codon without a cognate tRNA gene is affected by both the cognate tRNA availability and the interaction with non-cognate isoacceptor tRNAs. Moreover, two consecutive slow codons (slow di-codons) lead to a much slower translation rate. Calculating the composition of host specific slow codons and slow di-codons in the viral protein coding sequences can predict the order of viral protein synthesis rates between different virus strains. Comparison of human-specific slow codon and slow di-codon compositions in the genomes of 590 coronaviruses infect humans revealed that the protein synthetic rates of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (SARS-CoV) may be much faster than other coronaviruses infect humans. Analysis of host-specific slow codon and di-codon compositions provides links between viral genomic sequences and capability of virus replication in host cells that may be useful for surveillance of the transmission potential of novel viruses.
JO  - Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2020.03.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1684118220300591
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Discussion on the design of special CT room for epidemic prevention in fever clinic to deal with COVID-19
AU  - XUE, Xiaoqi
AU  - LU, Jiabin
AU  - PI, Jincai
AU  - TIAN, Jin
AU  - XU, Feng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective New infectious diseases have become a global problem that seriously threatens human life and health and social development, which greatly increases the demand of CT examination for outpatients with fever. Through the discussion of the examination room design of the special CT for epidemic prevention, it can provide reference for medical institutions and reduce cross infection. Methods Based on the requirements of CT equipment installation and environment, combined with the special requirements of epidemic prevention in fever clinic, the paper analyzed the location of examination room, room layout, site construction method, air purification and disinfection, intelligent image aided diagnosis of special CT for epidemic prevention, and put forward the design scheme. Results Through the detailed analysis of the key points of engineering technology and the requirements of infection prevention and control of CT examination room, the design scheme of the examination room was given. Conclusions The establishment of special CT for epidemic prevention can meet the needs of clinical examination and effectively reduce cross infection. The design scheme given in this paper has certain reference value and can provide effective help for medical institution.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Medical Science Research Management
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 33
IS  - 0
PG  - E008-E008
SP  - E008
EP  - E008
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Surgical management strategies for orthopedic trauma patients under epidemic of novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - XUE, Hang
AU  - CAO, Faqi
AU  - LI, Hui
AU  - ZHOU, Wu
AU  - MI, Bobin
AU  - LIU, Mengfei
AU  - LIU, Jing
AU  - XIA, Tian
AU  - XIONG, Liming
AU  - CHEN, Ming
AU  - WANG, Junwen
AU  - HOU, Zhiyong
AU  - ZHANG, Yingze
AU  - LIU, Guohui
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - With the outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) induced by 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in Wuhan, Hubei Province in December 2019, more and more suspected or confirmed cases have been found in various regions of China. Although China has adopted unprecedented strict quarantine and closed management measures to prevent the spreading of the disease, Department of Traumatic Orthopedics may still have to manage NCP patients with open fractures or severe trauma that require emergency surgery. Therefore, the identification and management of 2019-nCoV infection as soon as possible as well as the protection of all medical staff involved in the emergency treatment of patients are the severe challenges faced by orthopedic traumatologists during the prevention and control of NCP. Based on the characteristics of such patients and related diagnosis and treatment experiences during the epidemic of NCP, the authors formulate the surgical management strategies for orthopedic trauma patients.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Trauma
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 36
IS  - 2
PG  - 124-128
SP  - 124
EP  - 128
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The diagnostic value of joint detection of serum IgMand IgG antibodies to 2019-nCoV in 2019-nCoV infection
AU  - XU, Wanzhou
AU  - LI, Juan
AU  - HE, Xiaoyun
AU  - ZHANG, Caiqing
AU  - MEI, Siqing
AU  - LI, Congrong
AU  - LI, Yan
AU  - CHENG, Shaohua
AU  - ZHANG, Pingan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin G(IgG) antibodies to 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in 2019-nCoV infection. Method This is a retrospective study. Serum samples were collected from 284 patients including outpatients and inpatients in the Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from January 20, 2020 to February 17, 2020. Among them 205 cases were 2019-nCoV infected patients, including 186 cases confirmed with nucleic acid test and 19 cases diagnosed by clinical symptoms and CT characteristics according to 'the New Coronavirus Pneumonia Control Protocol (5th edition)' . A total of 79 subjects with other diseases but negative to 2019-nCoV infection were recruited as control group. Serum IgM and IgG antibodies to 2019-nCoV were measured with fully automated immunoassay technology for all subjects. Statistical significance between 2019-nCoV antibodies test and 2019-nCoV nucleic acid test was determined using the &chi; 2 tests. Result The sensitivity of serum IgM and IgG antibodies to 2019-nCoV were 70.24%(144/205) and 96.10%(197/205) respectively and the specificity were 96.20%(76/79) and 92.41%(73/79) respectively. The positive and negative predictive values of 2019-nCoV antibodies were 95.63%(197/206) and 91.03% (71/78) respectively, and the positive and negative predictive values of 2019-nCoV nucleic acid test were 100%(186/186) and 80.61%(79/98) respectively. The total coincidence rate of diagnosing 2019-nCoV infection between antibody tests and nucleic acid test for 2019-nCoV were 88.03%(250/284). Conclusion Joint detection of serum IgM and IgG antibodies to 2019-nCoV is an effective screening and diagnostic indicators for 2019-nCoV infection, and an effective complement to the false negative results to nucleic acid test.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Laboratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 0
PG  - E012-E012
SP  - E012
EP  - E012
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Suggestions for prevention of 2019 novel coronavirus infection in otolaryngology head and neck surgery medical staff
AU  - Xu, Kai
AU  - Lai, Xiaoquan
AU  - Liu, Zheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - &lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;/b&gt;The epidemic of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection has presented as a grim and complex situation recently. More than 11,000 cases of 2019-nCoV infection has been confirmed in China until February 1st 2020, which are causing great impact to economy and society, and seriously interfering with ordinary medical practice of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery. This advice guideline discusses the medical protection measures required in the outpatient clinic as well as in operation ward in otolaryngology head and neck department, which aims to protect medical staff from 2019-nCoV infection.&lt;/p&gt;
JO  - Chinese Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 55
IS  - 0
PG  - 001-null
SP  - 001
EP  - null
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Discussions on the emergency medical procedure of children's hospitals against COVID-19 epidemic
AU  - XU, Hongzhen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - December 2019 witnessed the outbreak of COVID-19 in Wuhan, Hubei province of China, which has soon spread nationwide and across national borders, posting a menacing pandemic threat. Children are themselves highly susceptible infectious diseases in normal times not to mention an epidemic period. Coupled with the high incidence of seasonal influenza, it is imperative to strengthen epidemiological screening of children, along with effective isolation, treatment, prevention and control measures. In view of specifics of the hospital, the authors proposed to further improve the medical emergency procedure, strictly enforcing screening and isolation regulations, and standardizing medical procedure. They also proposed scientific layout and use of the infection wards. These measures are designed to control the epidemic and protect the safety of medical staff.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Hospital Administration
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 36
IS  - 0
PG  - E009-E009
SP  - E009
EP  - E009
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Investigation and analysis on characteristics of a cluster of COVID-19 associated with exposure in a department store in Tianjin
AU  - WU, Weishen
AU  - LI, Yonggang
AU  - WEI, Zhaofei
AU  - ZHOU, Penghui
AU  - LYU, Likun
AU  - ZHANG, Guoping
AU  - ZHAO, Ying
AU  - HE, Haiyan
AU  - LI, Xiaoyan
AU  - GAO, Lu
AU  - ZHANG, Xiumei
AU  - LIU, Hui
AU  - ZHOU, Ning
AU  - GUO, Yan
AU  - ZHANG, Xiaomeng
AU  - ZHANG, Dan
AU  - LIU, Jing
AU  - ZHANG, Ying
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To describe the epidemiological characteristics of a cluster of COVID-19 cases reported in Baodi district of Tianjin as of 18 February, 2020, which might be associated with the exposure in a local department store, and provide suggestions for prevention and control strategy development. Methods The basic characteristics, time and area distributions, clinical manifestations, epidemiological history and transmission mode of the COVID-19 cases associated with the department store exposure were analyzed. Results A total of 40 COVID-19 cases were associated with the department store exposure, accounting for 75.47% of the total confirmed cases (53 cases) reported in Baodi district. The cases were mainly at the age of 60 years or older (35.00%) and farmers (40.00%). The main clinical manifestations included fever (95.00%), cough (35.00%), and diarrhea (15.00%). The proportion of confirmed severe cases was 32.50%. The incidence curve showed that the incidence peak occurred on 31 January, 2020. Among the 40 cases, 6(15.00%) were department store employees, 19(47.50%) were customers and 15(37.50%) were close contacts (secondary cases). The first case occurred on 21 January, 2020, this case was a department store employee who had a purchasing history at whole sale markets in other provinces and cities before the onset, and 3 employees were still on duty after symptom onsets. The median of the incubation period of customer cases was 6 days, and the median of the interval between onset and medical treatment of customer cases was 7 days. Conclusion This was a cluster epidemic of COVID-19, which might be associated with the exposure in the department store. By now, the current prevention and control measures have achieved satisfied effects.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 4
PG  - 489-493
SP  - 489
EP  - 493
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Discussion on diagnosis and treatment of hepatobiliary malignancies during the outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - WU, Fan
AU  - SONG, Yan
AU  - ZENG, Huiying
AU  - YE, Feng
AU  - RONG, Weiqi
AU  - WANG, Liming
AU  - WU, Jianxiong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - From December 2019, the new coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) broke out in Wuhan, Hubei, and spread rapidly to the nationwide. On January 20, 2020, the National Health Committee classified COVID-19 pneumonia as one of B class infectious diseases and treated it as class A infectious disease. During the epidemic period, the routine diagnosis and treatment of tumor patients was affected with varying degrees. In this special period, we performed the superiority of the multi-disciplinary team of diagnosis and treatment, achieved accurate diagnosis and treatment of patients with hepatobiliary malignant tumors, provided support for these patients with limited medical resources, and helped them to survive during the epidemic period.On the basis of fully understanding the new coronavirus pneumonia, the treatment strategy should be changed timely during the epidemic, and more appropriate treatment methods should be adopted to minimize the adverse effect of the epidemic on tumor treatment.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 42
IS  - 0
PG  - E004-E004
SP  - E004
EP  - E004
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 46 newly-admitted coronavirus disease 2019 cases in Beijing
AU  - WEN, Ke
AU  - LI, Wengang
AU  - ZHANG, Dawei
AU  - ZHANG, Aimin
AU  - ZHANG, Tao
AU  - ZHAO, Peng
AU  - QIN, Enqiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To investigate and analyze the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of some cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Beijing. Methods A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the data of 46 patients with COVID-19 in Beijing from 20th January 2020 to 8th February 2020 at the Fifth Medical Center of the PLA General Hospital. Features of clinical symptoms, laboratory inspections and imaging inspections were analyzed. Statistical analysis used Fisher exact test. If P &lt;0.05, post-hoc test was used for pairwise comparison, and the statistics were corrected by Bonferroni test. Results Among the 46 patients included in this study, 27 were male and 19 were female. The age range was between 3 - 79 years old, and the mean age was (41.8 &plusmn; 16.3) years old. The average incubation period was (4.85 &plusmn; 3.00) days. A total of 26 cases (56.5%) were clustered patients, and 12 (26.1%), 23 (50.0%) and 11 patients (23.9%)were assigned to the mild group, common group, and sever group, respectively. Fever (39.8%), cough (27.6%), and fatigue (25.3%) was the main clinical symptom for these patients. The decrease in white blood cell counts occurred in 12 patients, four had the decrease in T lymphocyte counts, 17 had the decrease in CD4 + T lymphocyte counts, seven had the decrease in CD8 + T lymphocyte counts, 21 had the increase level of C-reactive protein (45.7%), and IL-6 level increased in 32 cases (69.6%), erythrocyte sedimentation rate increased in 20 cases(50.0%), serum ferritin level increased in 26 cases (56.5%), and blood lactate level increased in nine cases. There was a statistically significant difference in the number of cases in which the absolute value of T lymphocytes and of CD8 + T lymphocytes decreased among the mild, common and severe groups (all P &lt;0.05). Comparing the number of cases in the three groups with elevated C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, serum ferritin and blood lactate levels, the differences were statistically significant (all P &lt;0.05). The number of cases with elevated C-reactive protein levels was higher in severe group than that in mild and common group. The number of cases with elevated interleukin-6, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and serum ferritin levels were higher in severe group than in mild group. The number of cases with elevated blood lactic acid levels was higher in severe group than in mild group. The differences between the above groups were statistically significant (both adjusted P &lt;0.017). Analysis of chest X-rays showed that 34 patients (73.9%) had inflammation in the lungs. Conclusions The epidemiological characteristics of cases with COVID-19 in Beijing are mainly imported cases and clustered cases. The clinical manifestations are mainly fever , fatigue and cough. C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, red blood cell sedimentation rate, serum ferritin and blood lactate levels are higher in severe patients.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 38
IS  - 0
PG  - E011-E011
SP  - E011
EP  - E011
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Myocardial injury in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia
AU  - WEI, Zhiyao
AU  - QIAN, Haiyan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Chinese Journal of Cardiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 48
IS  - 0
PG  - E006-E006
SP  - E006
EP  - E006
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Fitting and forecasting the trend of COVID-19 by SEIR + CAQ dynamic model
AU  - WEI, Yongyue
AU  - LU, Zhenzhen
AU  - DU, Zhicheng
AU  - ZHANG, Zhijie
AU  - ZHAO, Yang
AU  - SHEN, Sipeng
AU  - WANG, Bo
AU  - HAO, Yuantao
AU  - CHEN, Feng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objectives Fitting and forecasting the trend of COVID-19 epidemics. Methods Based on SEIR dynamic model, considering the COVID-19 transmission mechanism, infection spectrum and prevention and control procedures, we developed SEIR + CAQ dynamic model to fit the frequencies of laboratory confirmed cases obtained from the government official websites. The data from January 20, 2020 to February 7, 2020 were used to fit the model, while the left data between February 8-12 were used to evaluate the quality of forecasting. Results According to the cumulative number of confirmed cases between January 29 to February 7, the fitting bias of SEIR + CAQ model for overall China (except for cases of Hubei province), Hubei province (except for cases of Wuhan city) and Wuhan city was less than 5%. For the data of subsequent 5 days between February 8 to 12, which were not included in the model fitting, the prediction biases were less than 10%. Regardless of the cases diagnosed by clinical examines, the numbers of daily emerging cases of China (Hubei province not included), Hubei Province (Wuhan city not included) and Wuhan city reached the peak in the early February. Under the current strength of prevention and control, the total number of laboratory- confirmed cases in overall China will reach 80 417 till February 29, 2020, respectively. Conclusions The proposed SEIR + CAQ dynamic model fits and forecasts the trend of novel coronavirus pneumonia well and provides evidence for decision making.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 4
PG  - 470-475
SP  - 470
EP  - 475
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Early antiviral therapy of abidor combined with lopinavir/ritonavir and re-combinant interferonα-2b in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia in Zhejiang: A multicenter and prospective study
AU  - WEI, Runan
AU  - ZHENG, Nanhong
AU  - JIANG, Xiangao
AU  - MA, Chunlian
AU  - XU, Xiaowei
AU  - LIU, Shourong
AU  - CHEN, Yongping
AU  - XU, Kaijin
AU  - GAO, Hainv
AU  - ZHU, Jiansheng
AU  - SHU, Qiang
AU  - SHENG, Jifang
AU  - ZHANG, Xiaoqiang
AU  - LI, Minghui
AU  - ZHANG, Yan
AU  - MA, Mengjie
AU  - ZHANG, Xuan
AU  - LI, Shibo
AU  - WANG, Qiujing
AU  - YING, Lingjun
AU  - ZHANG, Yongjun
AU  - SHI, Yunzhen
AU  - FAN, Lingyan
AU  - YU, Wanjun
AU  - WANG, Huaying
AU  - SUN, Dandan
AU  - WANG, Xiaodong
AU  - SHI, Jichan
AU  - CHEN, Yinghu
AU  - XIE, Xinsheng
AU  - CHEN, Yunqing
AU  - WANG, Weihong
AU  - TONG, Zhaowei
AU  - TANG, Lingling
AU  - ZHU, Mengfei
AU  - ZHANG, Lingjian
AU  - LI, Lanjuan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective Comparing the benefit of Abidor, lopinavir/ritonavir and recombinant interferon &alpha;-2b triple combination antiviral therapy and lopinavir/ritonavir and interferon dual combination antiviral therapy to hospitalized novel coronavirus pneumonia 2019 in Zhejiang province. Methods A multi-center prospective study was carried out to compare the effect of triple combination antiviral therapy with dual combination antiviral therapy in 15 medical institutions of Zhejiang Province. All patients were treated with recombinant interferon &alpha;-2b (5 million U, 2 times/d) aerosol inhalation. 196 patients were treated with abidol (200 mg, 3 times/d) + lopinavir / ritonavir (2 tablets, 1 time/12 h) as the triple combination antiviral treatment group. 41 patients were treated with lopinavir / ritonavir (2 tablets, 1 time/12 h) as the dual combination antiviral treatment group. The patients who received triple combination antiviral therapy were divided into three groups: within 48 hours, 3-5 days and &gt; 5 days after the symptom onset. To explore the therapeutic effects of triple combination antiviral drugs and dual combination antiviral drugs, as well as triple combination antiviral drugs with different antiviral initiate time. SPSS17.0 software was used to analyze the data. Results The time of virus nucleic acid turning negative was (12.2 &plusmn; 4.7) days in the triple combination antiviral drug group, which was shorter than that in the dual combination antiviral drug group [(15.0 &plusmn; 5.0) days] ( t = 6.159, P &lt; 0.01 ). The length of hospital stay [12 (9, 17) d] in the triple combination antiviral drug group was also shorter than that in the dual combination antiviral drug group [15 (10, 18) d] (H = 2.073, P &lt; 0.05). Comparing the antiviral treatment which was started within 48 hours, 3-5 days and &gt; 5 days after the symptom onset of triple combination antiviral drug group, the time from the symptom onset to the negative of viral shedding was 13 (10,16.8), 17 (13,22) and 21 (18-24) days respectively (Z = 32.983, P &lt; 0.01), and the time from antiviral therapy to the negative of viral shedding was (11.8&plusmn;3.9) , (13.5&plusmn;5.1) and (11.2&plusmn;4.3) d. The differences among the three groups were statistically significant (Z=32.983 and 6.722, P &lt;0.01 or&lt;0.05). Conclusions The triple combination antiviral therapy of Abidor, Lopinavir/Litonavir and recombinant interferon &alpha;-2b showed shorter viral shedding time and hospitalization time compared with the dual combination antiviral therapy. The earlier the time to initiate triple antiviral treatment, the shorter the time of virus shedding.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 13
IS  - 0
PG  - E010-E010
SP  - E010
EP  - E010
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The application of privacy protection and artificial intelligence technology in the information auxiliary system of the prevention and control of COVID-19
AU  - WANG, Zhiwei
AU  - ZHANG, Yuhui
AU  - CAO, Jiangfeng
AU  - HOU, Rui
AU  - LU, Jiabin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective The outbreak of novel coronavirus raised many problems in the auxiliary information system of epidemic prevention and control, which including the need to prevent key data from being illegal modification, traceability, lack of decision support systems at different levels, barriers to cross regional cooperation and low automation of case diagnosis. Methods In this paper, artificial intelligence, security computing supporting privacy protection, block chain and other emerging technologies are introduced into the epidemic prevention and control auxiliary information system. Results This paper discusses how to utilize modern cryptography and block chain technology to establish a traceability system that could assure the security of epidemic information; design a distributed decision support system; solve the privacy-preserving problems of Federated Learning based on SGX technology, and present a group architecture to alleviate the performance cost of SGX. Conclusions The schemes above can help to achieve the security and traceability of epidemic information, also improve the automation and decision-making efficiency of the auxiliary information system for epidemic prevention and control.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Medical Science Research Management
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 33
IS  - 0
PG  - E011-E011
SP  - E011
EP  - E011
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preliminary analysis on the incidence trend of novel coronavirus pneumonia in Shanghai
AU  - WANG, Ying jian
AU  - ZHANG, Na
AU  - LV, Han lu
AU  - ZHOU, Yi biao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To investigate the epidemical characteristics and analyze the incidence trend of novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) in Shanghai. Methods The epidemical data on NCP in Shanghai from January 20 to February 3, 2020 were collected for epidemiological descriptive analysis. Results The number of cumulative confirmed and suspected cases increased first and then decreased from January 20 to February 3, with the peak date being January 30 and January 29 respectively. The day-on-day growth rate of the suspected cases and the cumulative confirmed cases declined after January 27. Among the confirmed cases, the proportion of the exposure history of relevant confirmed cases was on the rise. The total number of confirmed cases of the resident population exceeded that of the population from other places to Shanghai, and Pudong new area had the largest number of confirmed cases. Conclusion The incidence of NCP showed a slowdown trend in shanghai, but it also faces the pressure of the peak of population returning to city, which should be paid enough attention to.
JO  - Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 32
IS  - 2
PG  - E006-E006
SP  - E006
EP  - E006
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Estimating the basic reproduction number of COVID-19 in Wuhan, China
AU  - WANG, Ying
AU  - YOU, Xinyi
AU  - WANG, Yijing
AU  - PENG, Liping
AU  - DU, Zhicheng
AU  - GILMOUR, Stuart
AU  - YONEOKA, Daisuke
AU  - GU, Jing
AU  - HAO, Chun
AU  - HAO, Yuantao
AU  - LI, Jinghua
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective The number of confirmed and suspected cases of the COVID-19 in Hubei province is still increasing. However, the estimations of the basic reproduction number of COVID-19 varied greatly across studies. The objectives of this study are 1) to estimate the basic reproduction number ( R 0 ) of COVID-19 reflecting the infectiousness of the virus and 2) to assess the effectiveness of a range of controlling intervention. Method The reported number of daily confirmed cases from January 17 to February 8, 2020 in Hubei province were collected and used for model fit. Four methods, the exponential growth (EG), maximum likelihood estimation (ML), sequential Bayesian method (SB) and time dependent reproduction numbers (TD), were applied to estimate the R 0 . Result Among the four methods, the EG method fitted the data best. The estimated R 0 was 3.49 (95% CI : 3.42-3.58) by using EG method. The R 0 was estimated to be 2.95 (95% CI : 2.86-3.03) after taking control measures. Conclusion In the early stage of the epidemic, it is appropriate to estimate R 0 using the EG method. Meanwhile, timely and effective control measures were warranted to further reduce the spread of COVID-19.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 4
PG  - 476-479
SP  - 476
EP  - 479
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Opinions on the corona virus disease 2019
AU  - WANG, Yubo
AU  - HE, Yong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The corona&nbsp;virus&nbsp;disease&nbsp;2019 (COVID-19) has drawn much attention lately. It has the characteristics of hidden infection sources, diverse transmission channels, great differences in clinical characteristics and limited diagnostic methods. Additionally, the population is generally susceptible, and no specific medicines are available now, therefore, the prevention and control of the disease faces greater challenges. Mastering the characteristics of it for comprehensive prevention and control is the main strategy against the disease. This article systematically expounded the latest understanding of the disease.
JO  - Chongqing Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 49
IS  - 0
PG  - E021-E021
SP  - E021
EP  - E021
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Management of ophthalmic perioperative period during 2019 novel coronavirus disease outbreak
AU  - WANG, Xiaolei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To explore the perioperative management and infection prevention methods for acute eye diseases during the outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Methods Since the COVID-19 was included in the Class B infectious diseases and was managed according to Class A infectious diseases in China, 127 patients who underwent ophthalmic surgery were enrolled at First Affiliated Hospital of Army Military Medical University from January 21 to February 19,2020. The perioperative management according to the national epidemic prevention and control requirements was summarized, and the perioperative clinical management that should be taken during the epidemic prevention period were discussed. Results One hundred and twenty-seven patients underwent ophthalmic surgeries, including emergency surgery, daytime surgery and other surgeries for sight-threatening diseases. The methods of anesthesia included general anesthesia, local anesthesia and ocular superficial anesthesia. According to the national epidemic prevention and control requirements, epidemic screening for these patients and infectious managing measures were performed during the perioperative period, including the sterilization of relevant environment and equipments, the personal medical prevention and protection for medical staffs and patients, which made surealltheoperationswent smoothlyand safely. There were no 2019-nCoV infection, surgical-relative infection, crossing infection and operation-related complications occurred. Meanwhile, there were not COVID-19-related infection events of medical staffs. The air sampling compliance rate in the operating room, ward, examination and other areas was 100%. Conclusions During the prevention and control period of the epidemic of COVID-19, strict adherence to the prevention and control measures can effectively ensure the smooth implementation of the operation and the perioperative safety of medical staff and patients.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Experimental Ophthalmology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 38
IS  - 0
PG  - E011-E011
SP  - E011
EP  - E011
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Expert recommendations for diabetes with or without COVID-19 management in communities
AU  - WANG, Weiqing
AU  - SHAN, Zhongyan
AU  - WANG, Guang
AU  - GU, Weiqiong
AU  - ZHANG, Yifei
AU  - LU, Jieli
AU  - HU, Ling
AU  - KUANG, Jinsong
AU  - ZHAO, Dong
AU  - DONG, Yin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has occurred in China. Higher risk of COVID-19 infection and worse prognosis were observed among patients with diabetes. There are rigorous challenges existing in terms of diabetes prevention and glycemic control in primary medical care during period of COVID-19. Here, expert recommendations were developed by Chinese diabetologists, healthcare providers, and public health administrators to improve the ability of primary health facilities and provide standardized basic public health and medical services throughout country. The main contents include basic requirements for management, workflow of health management, referral, treatment, and long-term follow-up.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 36
IS  - 0
PG  - E002-E002
SP  - E002
EP  - E002
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Performance of urea-mediated dissociation in reducing false-positive of 2019-nCoV IgM test
AU  - WANG, Qiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To investigate the interference factors causing false-positive result of novel coronavirus IgM antibody (SARS-CoV-2 IgM) detected by gold immunochromatography assay (GICA) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Methods A total of 71 serum from different pathogen infections and related chronic diseases patients were collected from the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College from January 25, 2020 to February 15, 2020. GICA and ELISA were used to detect 2019-nCoV IgM in 71 serum, including 5 influenza A virus (Flu A) IgM positive serum, 5 influenza B virus (Flu B) IgM positive serum, 5 Mycoplasma pneumonia (MP) IgM positive serum, 5 Legionella pneumophila (LP) IgM positive serum, 29 rheumatoid factor (RF) IgM positive serum, 5 hypertension patients serum, 5 diabetes mellitus patients serum, 6 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection patients serum and 6 Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients serum. The interference factors causing false positive results of the two methods were analyzed, and urea dissociation test was employed to dissociate the 2019-nCoV IgM positive serum using the best dissociation concentration. Statistical analyses were performed by SPSS, version 19.0. Result s 2019-nCoV IgM was positive in 18 cases of middle-high level RF-IgM positive serum and 6 cases of 2019-nCoV-infected serum detected by two methods, and the other 47 serum were negative. When the dissociation concentration of urea was 6 mol/L, 2019-nCoV IgM was negative in 17 cases of middle-high level RF-IgM positive serum and positive in 6 cases of 2019-nCoV-infected serum detected by GICA. When the urea dissociation concentration was 4 mol/L, dissociation time was 10 min and the avidity index&lt;0.46 was set as negative, 2019-nCoV IgM was negative in 15 cases of middle-high level RF-IgM positive serum and positive in 6 cases of 2019-nCoV-infected serum detected by ELISA. Conclusion The middle-high level of RF-IgM could cause false positive results of SARS-CoV-2 IgM detected by GICA and ELISA, and the urea dissociation test would be helpful for reducing the probability of false-positive results of SARS-CoV-2 IgM test.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Laboratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 0
PG  - E014-E014
SP  - E014
EP  - E014
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The SARS-CoV-2 Outbreak: Diagnosis, Infection Prevention, and Public Perception
AU  - Wang, Ping
AU  - Anderson, Neil
AU  - Pan, Yang
AU  - Poon, Leo
AU  - Charlton, Carmen
AU  - Zelyas, Nathan
AU  - Persing, David
AU  - Rhoads, Daniel
AU  - Babcock, Hilary
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clin Chem
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - hvaa080
SP  - hvaa080
EP  - 
AN  - 32154877
DO  - 10.1093/clinchem/hvaa080
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32154877
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Analysis of 8 274 cases of new coronavirus nucleic acid detection and co-infection in Wuhan
AU  - WANG, Ming
AU  - WU, Qing
AU  - XU, Wanzhou
AU  - QIAO, Bin
AU  - WANG, Jingwei
AU  - ZHENG, Hongyun
AU  - JIANG, Shupeng
AU  - MEI, Junchi
AU  - WU, Zegang
AU  - DENG, Yayun
AU  - ZHOU, Fangyuan
AU  - WU, Wei
AU  - ZHANG, Yan
AU  - LYU, Zhihua
AU  - HUANG, Jingtao
AU  - GUO, Xiaoqian
AU  - CHEN, Zhen
AU  - FENG, Lina
AU  - XIA, Zunen
AU  - LI, Di
AU  - LIU, Tiangang
AU  - ZHANG, Pingan
AU  - TONG, Yongqing
AU  - XU, Zhiliang
AU  - LI, Yan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To investigate the positive rate for 2019-nCoV tests and co-infections in Wuhan district. Methods A total of 8 274 cases in Wuhan were enrolled in this cross-sectional study during January 20 to February 9, 2020, and were tested for 2019-nCoV using fluorescence quantitative PCR. Both respiratory tract samples (nasopharynx, oropharynx, sputum and alveolar lavage fluid) and non-respiratory tract samples (urine, feces, anal swabs, blood and conjunctival sac swabs) were collected. If both orf1ab and N genes are positive, they are classified as nucleic acid test positive group; if both orf1ab and N genes are negative, they are classified as negative group; if single gene target is positive, they are classified as suspicious group. Individuals were divided into male group and female group according to sex. At the same time, 316 patients were tested for 13 respiratory pathogens by multiplex PCR. Results Among the 8 274 subjects, 2 745 (33.2%) were 2019-nCoV infected; 5 277 (63.8%) subjects showed negative results in the 2019-nCoV nucleic acid test; and 252 cases (3.05%) was not definitive (inconclusive result). The age of cases with COVID-19 patients and inconclusive cases was significantly higher than that of cases without 2019-nCoV infection (40 vs 56, t =27.569, P &lt;0.001; 52 vs 56, t =6.774, P &lt;0.001). The positive rate of 13 respiratory pathogens multiple tests was significantly lower in 104 subjects who were positive for 2019-nCoV compared with those in subjects who were negative for 2019-nCoV test (5.77% vs 18.39%, &chi; 2 =24.105, P =0.003). Four types of respiratory tract samples and five types of non-respiratory tract samples were found to be positive for 2019-nCoV nucleic acid test. Conclusion The 2019-nCoV nucleic acid positive rate in male is higher than in female. Co-infections should be pay close attention in COVID-19 patients. 2019-nCoV nucleic acid can be detected in non-respiratory tract samples.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Laboratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 0
PG  - E016-E016
SP  - E016
EP  - E016
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prevalence of novel coronavirus pneumonia in the early stage of transmission and responding strategies in Japan
AU  - WANG, Ji wei
AU  - TANIMOTO, Tetsuya
AU  - ZHAO, Tian chen
AU  - TSUDA, Kenji
AU  - YAMASHITA, Erika
AU  - KAMI, Masahiro
AU  - JIANG, Qing wu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Novel coronavirus pneumonia disease (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 began to emerge in Wuhan, Hubei, China in December 2019. It is currently spreading globally including Japan. The COVID-19 case in Japan began to appear in middle January 2020 and continued to increase over time. The period from middle January to the end of February is considered to be the initial stage of domestic transmission in Japan. This article described the spread of 935 COVID-19 cases related to Japan by the end of February 2020, including the 15 infected Japanese returned from Wuhan, the 696 infected individuals in the large-scale cruise ship 'Diamond Princess' and the 224 infected individuals in Japan. This paper summarizes the measures to control the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in Japan, such as limiting RT-PCR detection for SARS-CoV-2, reducing the number of patients with mild illness who go to medical institutions unnecessarily, formulating guidelines for SARS-CoV-2 infection consultation, canceling large gatherings and temporarily closing schools. This paper further points out the problems encountered in the prevention and control of the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in Japan, such as the slow detection of RT-PCR, the risk of infection faced by medical staff, the regional differences in the domestic health care service system, the confusion of information disclosure and management. The above introduction as allows us to acquire a better understanding of the new coronavirus pneumonia in Japan and the world and may provide reference for the control the epidemic of COVID-19 in worldwide.
JO  - Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 32
IS  - 4
PG  - E042-E042
SP  - E042
EP  - E042
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Procedures of health protection and control for COVID-19 during X-ray imaging examinations in Jiangsu province
AU  - WANG, Jin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - X-ray imaging is an important method for the diagnosis of corona virus disease(COVID-19), but there is a risk of nosocomial infection during X-ray imaging diagnosis. By analyzing the process of X-ray imaging diagnosis and the possible infection factors in hospital, Jiangsu province took the lead in issuing the Guideline for the nosocomial infection prevention and control of X-ray imaging diagnosis of COVID-19. This guideline clarifies the basic requirements for controlling infections during X-ray imaging diagnosis, the specific measures for staff protection, disinfection of personnel and places, and the protection and disinfection of subjects, which is instructive for field work. It is worth noting that while focusing on controlling infections, the principle of optimal protection for medical exposure cannot be ignored.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Radiological Medicine and Protection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 40
IS  - 0
PG  - E005-E005
SP  - E005
EP  - E005
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cross-sectional prevalence study of MERS-CoV in local and imported dromedary camels in Saudi Arabia, 2016-2018 | Directory of Open Access Journals
AU  - Tolah, A.
AU  - Masaudi, S. Al
AU  - El-Kafrawy, S.
AU  - Mirza, A.
AU  - Harakeh, S.
AU  - Hassan, A.
AU  - Alzahrani, A.
AU  - Alsaaidi, G.
AU  - Alagaili, A.
AU  - Hashem, A.
AU  - Azhar, E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The Middle East Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is an endemic virus in Middle Eastern and African dromedaries. Annually, Saudi Arabia imports thousands of camels from the Horn of Africa, yet the epidemiology of the virus in these animals is largely unknown. Here, MERS-CoV prevalence was compared in imported African camels and their local counterparts. A total of 1399 paired sera and nasal swabs were collected between 2016 and 2018 from camels from Sudan (n = 829), Djibouti (n = 328) and Jeddah (n = 242). Imported animals were sampled on incoming ships at Jeddah Islamic seaport before unloading. Samples were screened for neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) and MERS-CoV viral RNA by RT-PCR. The overall seroprevalence was 92.7% and RNA detection rate was 17.2 %. Imported camels had higher seroprevalence compared to resident herds (93.8% vs 87.6%, p < 0.01) in contrast to RNA detection (13.3% vs 35.5%, p < 0.0001). Seroprevalence significantly increased with age (p < 0.0001) and viral RNA detection rate was ∼2-folds in camels < 2-year-old compared to older camels. RNA detection was higher in males verses females (24.3% vs 12.6%, p < 0.0001) but seroprevalence was similar. Concurrent positivity for viral RNA and nAbs was found in > 87 % of the RNA positive animals, increased with age and was sex-dependent. Importantly, reduced viral RNA load was positively correlated with nAb titers. Our data confirm MERS-CoV widespread in imported and domestic camels in Saudi Arabia and highlight the need for continuous active surveillance and better prevention measures. Further studies are also warranted to understand the correlates of protection in camels for proper vaccine development.
JO  - Journal of Infection and Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 13
IS  - 2
PG  - 371-371
SP  - 371
EP  - 371
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://doaj.org/article/8807cd071ab9482db9be59474f4f37be
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The differential diagnosis for novel coronavirus pneumonia and similar lung diseases in general hospitals
AU  - Tian, X. L.
AU  - Peng, M.
AU  - Wang, H. P.
AU  - Cai, B. Q.
AU  - Xu, W. B.
AU  - Zhu, Y. J.
AU  - Li, T. S.
AU  - Zhu, H. D.
AU  - Song, L.
AU  - Wang, M. Z.
AU  - Zhang, L.
AU  - Shi, J. H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Novel coronavirus pneumonia was novel coronavirus infection that has dominated pulmonary infection since December 2019. The main manifestations were fever, dry cough, shortness of breath, normal or leukopenia in peripheral blood and changes in chest CT and in severe cases, multiple organ failure might occur. The National Health Commission, PRC has revised the consensus on diagnosis and treatment seven times in a short period of time, indicating the growing understanding of the disease. Patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia usually had history of travelling or living in the epidemic area including Wuhan within 14 days before onset, or have been exposed to patients who had fever or respiratory symptoms from the epidemic area, or had clustering diseases. However, novel coronavirus pneumonia was becoming more and more blurred after vanishing epidemic. The diagnosis and differential diagnosis of novel coronavirus pneumonia was facing challenges not only because of large number of tourists increasing dramatically after the relieving of epidemic, but also patients with other diseases return from different areas to search for medical care. In this article, the clinical and chest imaging features of the novel coronavirus pneumonia were reviewed and compared with other infections and non-infectious diffuse pulmonary diseases. We were trying to find the similarities and differences among them, and to identify clues to the diagnosis of novel coronavirus pneumonia, so as to ensure accurate diagnosis and treatment.
JO  - Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 0
PG  - E035-E035
SP  - E035
EP  - E035
AN  - 32153167
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20200221-00136
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32153167
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Bibliometric analysis of PubMed literature on Coronavirus Disease 2019
AU  - TAO, Liyuan
AU  - NI, Qianyang
AU  - LIU, Jue
AU  - LIU, Min
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To systematically analyze the distribution of research hotspots related to the COVID, provide reference for future scientific research. Methods Relevant literatures collected by PubMed database since December 1, 2019 were retrieved, the key information related to literatures was extracted and analyzed, and the wordcloud2 package of R software was used for word frequency analysis. Results A total number of 194 valid papers were obtained, which published in 81 journals. Most papers was published in early February 2020, and a maximum of 24 papers were published in a single day. 167 papers (86.08%) were written in English. These papers included case reports, expert opinions, guidelines, articles, reviews, communications and other forms, and the subjects included epidemiology, prevention and control, virology, diagnosis and treatment, pathology and etiology, vaccines and drugs, epidemic prediction models, and bioinformatics analysis. The proportion of article in English literatures was higher than that in Chinese literatures ( P =0.005). Among them, 91 papers (46.9%) were independently completed by the Chinese researchers, 15 papers (7.7%) were completed by the Chinese and foreign researchers, and 88 papers (45.4%) were completed by foreign researchers. Conclusions At present, the researches on the new coronavirus pneumonia mainly focus on virology and epidemiology, but lack of relevant research results such as treatment and prognosis.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Medical Science Research Management
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 33
IS  - 0
PG  - E006-E006
SP  - E006
EP  - E006
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prediction modeling with data fusion and prevention strategy analysis for the COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - TANG, Sanyi
AU  - XIAO, Yanni
AU  - PENG, Zhihang
AU  - SHEN, Hongbing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, the outbreak of COVID-19 in Wuhan has spread rapidly due to population movement during the Spring Festival holidays. Since January 23rd, 2020, the strategies of containment and contact tracing followed by quarantine and isolation has been implemented extensively in mainland China, and the rates of detection and confirmation have been continuously increased, which have effectively suppressed the rapid spread of the epidemic. In the early stage of the outbreak of COVID-19, it is of great practical significance to analyze the transmission risk of the epidemic and evaluate the effectiveness and timeliness of prevention and control strategies by using mathematical models and combining with a small amount of real-time updated multi-source data. On the basis of our previous research, we systematically introduce how to establish the transmission dynamic models in line with current Chinese prevention and control strategies step by step, according to the different epidemic stages and the improvement of the data. By summarized our modelling and assessing ideas, the model formulations vary from autonomous to non-autonomous dynamic systems, the risk assessment index changes from the basic regeneration number to the effective regeneration number, and the epidemic development and assessment evolve from the early SEIHR transmission model-based dynamics to the recent dynamics which are mainly associated with the variation of the isolated and suspected population sizes.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 4
PG  - 480-484
SP  - 480
EP  - 484
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cardiac manifestations of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia and related treatment recommendations
AU  - TAN, Zhaochong
AU  - FU, Linghua
AU  - WANG, Dandan
AU  - HONG, Kui
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Chinese Journal of Cardiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 48
IS  - 0
PG  - E005-E005
SP  - E005
EP  - E005
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus close-up, faded star and orchestral operation - February's best science images
AU  - Stoye, Emma
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00639-8
SP  - 10.1038/d41586
EP  - 020
AN  - 32152594
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00639-8
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32152594
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19, A Clinical Syndrome Manifesting as Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis
AU  - Song, Young Goo
AU  - Shin, Hyoung Shik
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Infect Chemother
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32153144
DO  - 
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32153144
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Implementation of radiotherapy in a tertiary hospital in Zhejiang province during the epidemic of COVID-19
AU  - SONG, Tao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To explore the clinical practice of delivering radiotherapy during the outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus disease(COVID-19). Methods During this epidemic period, available methods including but not limited to: strict disinfection, body temperature monitoring, learning relevant knowledge by all staffs to ensure the safety of radiotherapy treatment. Relevant data including proportion of radiotherapy, time from scanning to the first time of radiation delivery and degree of satisfaction in the view of staffs and patients, respectively. Results A total of 60 patients received radiation therapy in the department of radiotherapy of Zhejiang Provincial People&rsquo;s Hospital (2020-02-11). Compared with the same period in 2019 (after the Spring Festival), the total number of patients receiving radiotherapy was decreased from 72 to 60(83.3%). Among them, the number of patients receiving palliative radiation therapy decreased significantly, while the proportion of radical, preoperative and/or postoperative radiotherapy/radiochemotherapy did not significantly decrease. There was significant difference between different years ( &chi; 2 =6.967, P &lt;0.05). The median time for newly admitted patients to receive radiotherapy was two days, which was not significantly longer than the interval in 2019 ( P &gt;0.05). Staffs and patients were generally satisfied with the current prevention measures. Conclusions Using a variety of prevention and control methods, and taking full account of medical safety and patient benefits, radiation-related activities can be carried out during the epidemic.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Radiological Medicine and Protection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 40
IS  - 0
PG  - E004-E004
SP  - E004
EP  - E004
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Provisional guidelines on autopsy practice for deaths associated with COVID-19
AU  - Society of Pathological Doctors, Chinese Medical Doctors Association
AU  - Chinese Society of Pathology, Chinese Medical Association
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 49
IS  - 0
PG  - E006-E006
SP  - E006
EP  - E006
AN  - 32153166
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20200309-00184
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32153166
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Countermeasures and treatment for aortic acute syndrome with novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - Si, Yi
AU  - Sun, Xiaofan
AU  - Zhong, Ming
AU  - Yue, Jianing
AU  - Fu, Weiguo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - &lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;/b&gt;The novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) has cost a great loss to the health and economic property of Chines people. Under such a special circumstance, how to deal with such patients with acute aortic syndrome has become a serious challenge. Rapid diagnosis of concomitant NCP, safe and effective transportation, implementation of the interventional procedure, protection of vascular surgical team and postoperative management and follow-up of such patients have become urgent problems for us. Combined with the latest novel government documents, the literature and the experiences from Wuhan, we answered the above questions briefly and plainly. It also hopes to inspire the national vascular surgeons to manage critical emergencies in vascular surgery and even routine vascular diseases with NCP, as a final point to limit the severe epidemic situation, and minimize the damage of NCP.&lt;/p&gt;
JO  - Chinese Journal of Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 58
IS  - 0
PG  - 002-002
SP  - 002
EP  - 002
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Expressions of multiple inflammation markers in the patients with 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia and their clinical values
AU  - SHI, Yaling
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To explore the Expressions of multiple inflammation markers in the patients with 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) and their clinical values, and to provide theoretical basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods A total of 164 patients, diagnosed with COVID-19 and admitted to Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital from January to February 2020, were selected as the research group and divided into three groups (ordinary, severe, and critically severe pneumonia) according to the disease severity. Meandwhile 66 non-infected patients during the same period were selected as negative control group. The expressions of WBC, LYM, CRP, SAA, and PCT were retrospective studied and compared between groups. The diagnostic values of WBC, CRP, SAA and the combination of these three markers in all patients with COVID-19 and in different severity groups were analyzed by ROC curve. Results Compared with control group (WBC count :8.13(6.51,9.42)&times;10 9 /L, LYM count:2.00(1.28,2.43)&times;10 9 /L), WBC count [4.94(4.05, 6.67) &times;10 9 /L] and LYM count [1.33(0.94, 1.96) &times;10 9 /L] of COVID-19 patients were significantly reduced ( Z =-7.435, P &lt;0.01; Z =-4.906, P &lt;0.01) . Compared with the control group [CRP: 1.36 (0.57~5.67) mg/ml; SAA:[4.98 (4.80~15.75) mg/mL], CRP [7.93 (2.45~23.98) mg/ml] and SAA [34.13 (4.83~198.40) mg/ml] were increased in research group ( Z =-5.72, P &lt;0.01; Z =-4.166, P &lt;0.01) . PCT in the control group and the research group were 0.100 0(0.030 6~0.100 0)ng/ml and 0.044 5(0.031 6~0.077 0)ng/ml, respectively. There was no statistical difference between two groups ( Z =-1.451, P =0.147) . The areas under the ROC curve (AUC) of WBC, CRP and SAA in patients with COVID-19 were 0.814, 0.742, 0.673, respectively ( P &lt;0.01), while the AUC of the combination of three indexes for COVID-19 diagnosis was 0.882, with 83.33%(55/66) specificity and 84.76% (139/164) sensitivity, P &lt;0.01.The AUCs of WBC, CRP, and SAA for predicting severe and critically severe COVID-19 were 0.799, 0.779, and 0.886 , respectively ( P &lt;0.01), and the AUC of the combination of three indexes for the diagnosis of severe and critically severe COVID-19 was 0.924, with 78.67% (118/150) specificity and 14/14 sensitivity ( P &lt;0.01). Conclusion Combining detection of WBC, CRP and SAA can improve the specificity and sensitivity of COVID-19 diagnosis, with a high diagnostic value for severe and critically severe COVID-19.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Laboratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 0
PG  - E013-E013
SP  - E013
EP  - E013
AN  - 
DO  - 
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NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Vicarious traumatization in the general public, members, and non-members of medical teams aiding in COVID-19 control
AU  - Li, Zhenyu
AU  - Ge, Jingwu
AU  - Yang, Meiling
AU  - Feng, Jianping
AU  - Qiao, Mei
AU  - Jiang, Riyue
AU  - Bi, Jiangjiang
AU  - Zhan, Gaofeng
AU  - Xu, Xiaolin
AU  - Wang, Long
AU  - Zhou, Qin
AU  - Zhou, Chenliang
AU  - Pan, Yinbing
AU  - Liu, Shijiang
AU  - Zhang, Haiwei
AU  - Yang, Jianjun
AU  - Zhu, Bin
AU  - Hu, Yimin
AU  - Hashimoto, Kenji
AU  - Jia, Yan
AU  - Wang, Haofei
AU  - Wang, Rong
AU  - Liu, Cunming
AU  - Yang, Chun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, more than 79,000 people have been diagnosed with infection of the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). A large number of medical staff was sent to Wuhan city and Hubei province to aid COVID-19 control. Psychological stress, especially vicarious traumatization caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, should not be ignored. To address this concern, the study employed a total of 214 general public and 526 nurses (i.e., 234 front-line nurses and 292 non-front-line nurses) to evaluate vicarious traumatization scores via a mobile app-based questionnaire. Front-line nurses are engaged in the process of providing care for patients with COVID-19. The results showed that the vicarious traumatization scores for front-line nurses including scores for physiological and psychological responses, were significantly lower than those of non-front-line nurses (P < 0.001). Interestingly, the vicarious traumatization scores of the general public were significantly higher than those of the front-line nurses (P < 0.001); however, no statistical difference was observed compared to the scores of non-front-line nurses (P > 0.05). Therefore, increased attention should be paid to the psychological problems of the medical staff, especially non-front-line nurses, and general public under the situation of the spread and control of COVID-19. Early strategies that aim to prevent and treat vicarious traumatization in medical staff and general public are extremely necessary.
JO  - Brain, Behavior, and Immunity
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2020.03.007
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0889159120303093
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Characteristics of peripheral blood leukocyte differential counts in patients with COVID-19
AU  - LI, Yongxia
AU  - WU, Wei
AU  - YANG, Tao
AU  - ZHOU, Wei
AU  - FU, Yimu
AU  - FENG, Qiming
AU  - YE, Jueming
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - To investigate the early changes of peripheral blood leukocyte differential counts in patients with COVID-19. Ten patients with COVID-19 and 30 patients with other viral pneumonia (non-COVID-19) admitted to Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People&rsquo;s Hospital and Jinshan Branch Hospital from January 22 to February 17, 2020 were enrolled in this study. The differential counts of white blood cells were analyzed. Patients in COVID-19 group showed relatively lower absolute white blood cell (WBC) count 4.95(3.90,6.03)&times;10 9 /L, lymphocyte absolute count 1.20(0.98,1.50)&times;10 9 /L and eosinophil absolute count 0.01(0.01,0.01)&times;10 9 /L. Leukopenia developed in two patients(2/10), lymphocytopenia also in two patients(2/10). Seven over ten patients presented with eosinophil cytopenia. In non-COVID-19 group, absolute WBC count was 8.20 (6.78,9.03) &times;10 9 /L ( P &lt;0.001), lymphocyte absolute count 1.75(1.20,2.53)&times;10 9 /L( P =0.036), eosinophil absolute count 0.02(0.01,0.03)&times;10 9 /L( P =0.05). Lymphocytopenia occurred in (16.7%) patients, eosinophil cytopenia in 16.7% patients too. In conclusion, leukopenia, lymphocytopenia and eosinophil cytopenia are more common in COVID-19 patients than those in non- COVID-19 patients.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Internal Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 59
IS  - 0
PG  - E003-E003
SP  - E003
EP  - E003
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemic characteristics of emerging respiratory infectious diseases and coping strategies
AU  - LI, Yulian
AU  - CAI, Yimin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The prevention and control of emerging respiratory infectious diseases is an arduous task. The current outbreak of the new coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) is severe and seriously endangers people's health. In order to better guide the clinical work, this article briefly expounded the epidemic characteristics and corresponding coping strategies of the main emerging respiratory infectious diseases in recent years.
JO  - Chongqing Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 49
IS  - 0
PG  - E017-E017
SP  - E017
EP  - E017
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel coronavirus disease with conjunctivitis and conjunctivitis as first symptom: Two cases report
AU  - LI, Xuejie
AU  - WANG, Ming
AU  - DAI, Jing
AU  - WANG, Wenjun
AU  - YANG, Yanning
AU  - JIN, Wei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As the frontline health care workers at the center of the novel coronavirus disease (COVIN-19) outbreak, we have found many asymptomatic COVIN-19 patients or patients with mild symptoms since December 2019. A number of COVIN-19 cases with conjunctivitis or conjunctivitis as the first symptom have been observed in our clinical work. This paper reports the diagnosis and treatment of one COVIN-19 patient with conjunctivitis as the first symptom and one COVIN-19 patient with conjunctivitis. Case one occurred conjunctivitis at the third day after closely contacted with determined COVID-19 patient and visited to eye doctor, and the symptom of conjunctivitis following the topical administration of anti-virual eyedrops for 1 week, followed by COVID-19. Her 2019-nCoV RNA detection of nasopharynx swab was positive but that of conjunctival sac swab was a negative result. Case two had a positive epidemiological history and simultaneous onset of COVID-19 and conjunctivitis.She presented positive results of 2019-nCoV RNA detection in both nasopharynx and conjunctival sac swabs, and other lab results supported the diagnosis of COVID-19 but she had a normal CT findings of the chest. The ocular symptoms were disappeared after topical administration of anti-virual eyedrops for 1 week.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Experimental Ophthalmology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 38
IS  - 0
PG  - E012-E012
SP  - E012
EP  - E012
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Imaging dynamic observation of COVID-19 patients cured by imported coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - LI, Xiaohu
AU  - WANG, Haitao
AU  - ZHU, Juan
AU  - QIU, Xiaohui
AU  - ZHANG, Jinping
AU  - HUANG, Guoquan
AU  - ZENG, Xiaosong
AU  - HE, Kewu
AU  - XIE, Zongyu
AU  - XU, Qizhong
AU  - LIU, Bin
AU  - YU, Yongqiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To explore the imaging changes of lung lesions in patients with imported COVID-19 patients when reaching the discharge standard. Method The clinical and CT imaging data of 60 patients with imported COVID-19 cured and discharged from January to February 2020 in Anhui Province were retrospectively collected. The clinical characteristics of the patients and the characteristics of chest CT images at discharge were analyzed. Results Fever (57 cases) and cough (55 cases) were the main symptoms in 60 patients. At the initial diagnosis, 5 cases were mild, 53 were ordinary, and 2 were severe. In 5 light patients, 3 cases were negative in the whole course of CT examination, 2 cases were negative in the first time and abnormal in the second time. . The first CT imaging features of 55 patients (53 common type and 2 severe type)were mainly bilateral lung involvement (51 cases), multiple lesions (33 cases), more common under the pleura (40 cases), and ground glass opacities were the most common. (55 cases). The clinical features of chest CT in clinical outcomes are that the ground glass shadow in the lung gradually fades and was completely absorbed (19 cases); the scope of ground glass shadow in the lung expanded and progressed to crazy-paving, consolidation shadow, and the lesion gradually absorbs again followed by Fibrous cord shadows (27 cases); ground-glass opacities in the lungs quickly progressed to a consolidation and then slowly absorbed . Most of the lesions were accompanied by more residual fibrous cord shadows (4 cases). In 2 severe patients, the lesions in the lungs were larger ground glass, and a big amount of fibrous foci remained after slowly absorption. Conclusion Chest CT plays an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of imported COVID-19, and the degree of lung involvement seen on CT images is in good agreement with clinical outcome.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 0
PG  - E012-E012
SP  - E012
EP  - E012
AN  - 
DO  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - The clinical study on the relationship between serum albumin concentration and lymphocyte levels in patients with 2019-novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - LI, Ruoqing
AU  - TIAN, Jigang
AU  - YANG, Fang
AU  - YU, Jie
AU  - LV, Lei
AU  - SUN, Guangyan
AU  - WANG, Hongqun
AU  - LIU, Yinghong
AU  - CHEN, Xi
AU  - FANG, Qingyong
AU  - YANG, Xiaojuan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To explore the relationship between different serum albumin and lymphocyte levels in patients with 2019-novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) pneumonia (COVID-19). Methods A retrospective study was performed to identify the characteristics of the clinical data of 205 COVID-19 patients who were hospitalized in the Happy Street of Hanchuan People's Hospital, Xiaogan, Hubei Province from January 24 to February 12, 2020, including their general information, serum albumin (ALB) levels, lymphocyte counts (LYM), percentage of lymphocytes (LYM%) and other laboratory parameter levels. Low ALB group and normal ALB group were demarcated by the concentration of 35g/L, further to identify the differences of LYM and LYM% levels and the incidence of LYM and LYM% decline at different ALB levels between groups,as well as the correlation between ALB and LYM, LYM% levels in hypoalbuminemia conditions . Results 17.5% of COVID-19 patients were associated with hypoalbuminemia. The levels of LYM and LYM% in the low ALB group were significantly lower than those in the normal ALB group ( P &lt;0.001). The incidence of LYM and LYM% decline in the low ALB group was significantly higher than those in the normal ALB group ( P &lt;0.001). The levels of LYM and LYM% in the low ALB group were significantly positively correlated with serum ALB concentrations ( P &lt;0.05). Conclusions The decrease of lymphocyte levels in COVID-19 patients may be correlated to hypoalbuminemia. COVID-19 patients complicated by hypoalbuminemia should be actively intervened to maintain serum albumin in the normal range.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 29
IS  - 0
PG  - E012-E012
SP  - E012
EP  - E012
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Establishment and clinical performance evaluation of 2019 novel coronavirus antibody colloidal gold detection method
AU  - LI, Hui
AU  - LI, Yongyin
AU  - ZHANG, Zhigao
AU  - LU, Zhen
AU  - WANG, Yi
AU  - LIN, Guanfeng
AU  - AN, Taixue
AU  - HU, Xiumei
AU  - LAI, Qintao
AU  - YI, Xuan
AU  - LIU, Zhihong
AU  - ZHAI, Xiangming
AU  - SUN, Jian
AU  - GUO, Yabing
AU  - LU, Jiatao
AU  - ZHANG, Xiaoyong
AU  - WU, Yingsong
AU  - HOU, Jinlin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To establish a colloidal gold technique assay for the rapid detection of immunoglobulin(Ig) M and IgG antibodies against 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) and to evaluate its clinical performance. Methods A total of 278 patients who were treated at Wuhan Hankou Hospital and the People's Hospital of Honghu from February 12, 2020 to February 20, 2020 were collected. According to the diagnostic criteria, 89 patients were confirmed with 2019-nCoV nucleic acid positive diagnosis, and 189 were 2019-nCoV nucleic acid-negative suspected patients. A total of 273 medical examiners from Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University from 2015 to 2018 were selected as controls. The serum samples of patients were collected. 2019-nCoV nucleic proteins were obtained from prokaryotic expression vectors. Indirect IgM and IgG colloidal gold techniques were established by using recombinant N protein. 2019-nCoV nucleic acid detection by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used as control. Serum specimens were tested for 2019-nCoV IgM and IgG. The specificity and sensitivity of colloidal gold assay were analyzed. Results The sensitivity and specificity of IgM detection reagents were 78.7% and 98.2%, respectively, those of IgG detection reagents were 73.0% and 99.3%, respectively, and those of IgM combined with IgG detection were 87.6% and 98.2%, respectively. For suspected patients with negative 2019-nCoV nucleic acid, the positive rates of IgM and IgG were 59.8% (113/189) and 52.9% (100/189), respectively, and the positive rate of IgM combined with IgG detection was 66.1% (125/189). Conclusion This reagent of 2019-nCoV antibodies detection (colloidal gold technique) fulfills the requirement for clinical application with high specificity and sensitivity, which can be served as a supplementary detection method for 2019-nCoV nucleic acid detection by RT-PCR.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 38
IS  - 0
PG  - E017-E017
SP  - E017
EP  - E017
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Study on the relationship between the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease epidemic in China and population migration from Wuhan
AU  - LI, Hongtian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To investigate the relationship between the epidemic of Coronavirus Disease in 2019 (COVID-19) in China and population migration from Wuhan before the city implemented strict migration restrictions. Methods We collected the cumulative number of confirmed cases with COVID-19 up to January 31, 2020 from the official website of the health administrative departments, and information on population migration out of Wuhan during January 10, 2020 and January 24, 2020, approximately half months prior to the implementation of strict migration restrictions by the city, from Baidu population-migration big data platform. Population migration data were provided for the top 100 cities in the form of percentage values, calculated as the number of migrants from Wuhan into these cities divided by the total number of migrants out of Wuhan during the same period multiplied by 100%. The two-independent sample non-parametric Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used to compare the distribution of cumulative number of cases between the top 100 cities and the remaining 205 non-top 100 cities of China. The relationship between the cumulative number of cases and the percentage of migrants from Wuhan into the top 100 cities were further assessed by Pearson correlation and by multiple linear regression with adjustment for population size, population density, and GDP per capita. Results The top 100 cities accounted for 91.6% of total migrants out of Wuhan, and the top 14 cities were all in Hubei province. There were a total of 5,869 cases in the top 100 cities, with a median (interquartile range) of 21.5 (12~55) cases, whereas in the 205 non-top 100 cities there were a total of 1,063 cases, with a median (interquartile range) of 4 (2~7) cases. The median cumulative number of cases differed significantly between the two types of cities ( P &lt;0.001). Among the top 100 cities, there was a strong correlation between the percentage of migrants from Wuhan and the cumulated number of cases (Pearson correlation coefficient=0.92), and for every 1 percentage point increase in migrants from Wuhan the cumulative number of cases increased by approximately 42 (95%CI, 39 to 45). The number of cumulative number of cases in Wenzhou and Chongqing was detected as potential outliers in regression diagnosis ( P &lt;0.001, corresponding standardized residuals were 5.2 and 3.5, respectively), suggesting that the number of cases in these two cities was substantially higher than others with similar amount of migrants from Wuhan. Conclusions There is a strong positive association between the percentage of migrants from Wuhan and the epidemic status of COVID-19 infections in cities in China.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Medical Science Research Management
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 33
IS  - 0
PG  - E007-E007
SP  - E007
EP  - E007
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prevention and treatment strategies of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for acute abdomen during the outbreak of COVID-19
AU  - LI, Guolei
AU  - TAN, Guoliang
AU  - LIU, Yuan
AU  - XU, Zhu
AU  - FENG, Hao
AU  - ZHANG, Yali
AU  - XING, Wei
AU  - XU, Zhifeng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - At present, the prevention and control of the COVID-19 is still severe, its pathogen SARS-CoV-2 is highly infectious and pathogenic, and the population is generally susceptible. In order to deal with the epidemic, selective operation can be postponed, but most of the patients with acute abdominal diseases are commonly in clinic, with acute onset and severe condition, and most of them are accompanied with fever and gastrointestinal symptoms, so emergency operation is needed.Under the condition of the current epidemic&mdash;COVID-19, it requires a higher standard to diagnose and treat patients with acute abdomen. The first step is to carry out procedures to identify whether the patient is infected or not. Those who are not infected can go through the normal treating procedures.For patients diagnosed with COVID-19 or suspected patients, the second step is to achieve classified diagnoses and treatments, and to adopt a treating plan that integrates TCM and western medicine.In order to protect patients and medical staff, the COVID-19 in hospital transmission must be avoided. For patients with COVID-19 who need emergency surgery, we must strictly comply with the hospital's protection regulations, closely coordinate the relevant departments of surgery, perform the three-level protection, operate in accordance with the principle of damage control in the negative pressure surgery room, and return to the isolation ward according to the prevention and control process after operation. For units without surgical conditions, patients should be transferred to hospital in time on the premise of maximum damage control, and patients must not be delayed for timely diagnosis and treatment due to the epidemic.
JO  - Journal of Chinese Physician
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 22
IS  - 0
PG  - E001-E001
SP  - E001
EP  - E001
AN  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Summary of consensus documents: prevention and control of the 2019 novel conoravirus infection in newborn infants *
AU  - LI, Fang
AU  - SHI, Yuan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since the end of 2019, an outbreak of pneumonia caused by a novel coronavirus named 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) has occurred in in China. The dramatically rapid spread and strong infectivity of this virus has attracted global attention. Neonates are thought to be susceptible to the virus, because their immune system is not well developed. Neonates have been reported to be affected by this virus. The Chinese Medical Association, Chinese Medical Doctor Association, Pediatric Professional Committee of the Chinese People's Liberation Army have put forward strategies for the effective prevention and control of the 2019-nCoV infection in neonates. This expert review summarized the key points of the above three prevention and control consensus and programs.
JO  - Chongqing Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 49
IS  - 0
PG  - E020-E020
SP  - E020
EP  - E020
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical features of 30 cases with novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - LI, Dan
AU  - LIU, Hongyan
AU  - WANG, Yan
AU  - GUO, Hongli
AU  - WANG, Kai
AU  - ZHAO, Rui
AU  - WU, Yunhai
AU  - LI, Xinghai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To analyze the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients with 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection in Shenyang. Methods The epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 30 patients diagnosed with 2019-nCoV infection admitted to Shenyang sixth people's hospital on January 22, 2020 and February 8, 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Results Among the 30 cases, 21 were imported, including 17 from Hubei Province and four from other provinces. Nine cases were local infections. There were 18 men and 12 women, aging from 21 to 72 years with the median of 43 years. Eight cases had underlying diseases including hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease and bronchitis. On admission, two (7%) cases were mild, 19 (63%) cases were ordinary, eight (27%) cases were severe, and one (3%) case was critical. Clinical manifestations mainly include fever, with or without upper respiratory tract symptoms, normal, decreased or slightly increased white blood cell counts, mainly decreased lymphocyte counts, normal or increased c-reactive protein, and normal procalcitonin. The computed tomography (CT) of the early stage of the lungs showed that multiple patchy ground glass shadows were mainly accompanied by consolidation, which often involved both lungs or multiple lobes of one lung. At the moment, the clinical treatment mainly included respiratory support, symptomatic treatment, antiviral treatment adn anti-bacterial treatment. By February 15, a total of nine cases were cured and discharged, including one mild case, six ordinary cases, and two severe cases. In the comparisons between mild/ordinary patients and severe/critical patients, the fever duration in the severe/critical group (median 11.5 d) was significantly longer than that in the light/normal group (median 2 d) ( Z =-2.292, P =0.022), and the laboratory tests indicated elevated d-dimer levels ( Z =-2.669, P =0.008) and more cases with neutrophilic/lymphocyte ratio &gt; 3 ( Z =-4.071, P &lt;0.01). Conclusions In Shenyang, the early cases with 2019-nCoV infection are mainly imported cases, and expanding local infections gradually develop. Clinical manifestations are mainly characterized by fever and cough. Lung CT performance shows multiple ground glass shadows, mainly accompanied by consolidation. CT changes in the lungs should be closely monitored during the treatment, and CT findings in the lungs may change earlier than the clinical manifestations. Prolonged fever duration, elevated d-dimer level and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio &gt;3 could be used as early warning indicators for severe cases.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 38
IS  - 0
PG  - E018-E018
SP  - E018
EP  - E018
AN  - 
DO  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Construction of 5G intelligent medical service system in novel coronavirus pneumonia prevention and control
AU  - LI, Dacan
AU  - HUANG, Min
AU  - ZHAO, Cailian
AU  - GONG, Yuanyuan
AU  - ZHANG, Yan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To analyze application fields of 5G communication technology in Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic prevention and control, and build a 5G intelligent medical service system for COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control in China. Methods: We collected and analyzed 5G technology application cases used in the fight against COVID-19 from December 2019 to February 2020: 5G + telemedicine application cases, 5G + negative pressure ambulance cases, 5G + remote monitoring cases, 5G + artificial intelligence cases, 5G + infrared thermography temperature detection cases, 5G + big data analysis cases for epidemic prevention and control. Results: Through the analysis of 5G application cases in COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control, we found out the key elements of 5G intelligent medical service system in COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control. By optimizing and upgrading the internal service mode of the hospital, breaking the internal and external barriers, integrating internal and external resources, and strengthening 5G intelligent medical security, we can form a 5G intelligent medical service system for COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control, including application layer, technical service layer, network support layer and security system layer. Conclusion: 5G communication technology has the characteristics of faster speed, shorter time delay and denser capacity. In COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control work, it can further improve the efficiency of doctors' diagnosis, improve patients' medical experience, realize the remote sharing of high-quality medical resources and real-time information exchange, effectively block the spread of epidemic, alleviate the shortage of medical resources and medical staff, and make the epidemic prevention and control more efficient.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 29
IS  - 0
PG  - E021-E021
SP  - E021
EP  - E021
AN  - 
DO  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Impacts and strategies for the construction of the disease control and prevention system in the COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - LI, Cheng yue
AU  - GAO, Xiang
AU  - LI, Li
AU  - ZHOU, Qing yu
AU  - PU, Chuan
AU  - SHI, Pei wu
AU  - HAO, Chao
AU  - CHEN, Zheng
AU  - SHEN, Qun hong
AU  - XU, Ling zhong
AU  - HU, Zhi
AU  - HAO, Mo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of COVID-19 has exposed many shortcomings in disease control and prevention system (DCPS) of China. Resolving the problems and strengthening the DCPS became the top priority in China&rsquo;s public policy agenda. This paper revealed the problems of the system regarding policy-making, regulations, operation mechanism and staff, and proposed several strategies from three aspects of legal construction, management system, and operation mechanism, including: 'Prevention first' should be incorporated into the national legal system, all the departments should be engaged in 'Healthy China 2030' initiative, laws and regulations should be amended, new disease prevention and control management institutions should be set up, a high-quality professional team should be retained, the regional health information exchange channels should be strengthened, the coordinated mechanism for disease prevention and control should be normalized, the long-term investment mechanism should be established, and the equipment renewal and reserve system should be improved.
JO  - Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 32
IS  - 4
PG  - E036-E036
SP  - E036
EP  - E036
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Genetic evolution analysis of 2019 novel coronavirus and coronavirus from other species
AU  - Li, Chun
AU  - Yang, Yanling
AU  - Ren, Linzhu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. However, so far, there are still controversies about the source of the virus and its intermediate host. Here, we found the novel coronavirus was closely related to coronaviruses derived from five wild animals, including Paguma larvata, Paradoxurus hermaphroditus, Civet, Aselliscus stoliczkanus and Rhinolophus sinicus, and was in the same branch of the phylogenetic tree. However, genome and ORF1a homology show that the virus is not the same coronavirus as the coronavirus derived from these five animals, whereas the virus has the highest homology with Bat coronavirus isolate RaTG13.
JO  - Infection, Genetics and Evolution
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 104285-104285
SP  - 104285
EP  - 104285
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104285
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1567134820301167
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Aerosol formation during non-contact 'air-puff' tonometry and its significance for prevention of COVID-19
AU  - LI, Chunchun
AU  - TANG, Yuan
AU  - CHEN, Zhangyan
AU  - WANG, Aisun
AU  - HUANG, Xiaoqiong
AU  - CHEN, Yanyan
AU  - QU, Jia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To evaluate the aerosol concentration(PM2.5,PM10.0 and aerosol particle number) formation in non-contact 'air-puff' tonometry and provide suggestions for medical workers to take appropriate daily protection during the prevalence of 2019-nCoV. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out in this study. Thirty healthy subjects were enrolled on February 22, 2020 at Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University. The intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured by non-contact 'air-puff' tonometer in the ophthalmic consulting room and the hall with or without masks. PM2.5, PM10.0 and aerosol particles were recorded by air quality detector. The cumulative effects of IOP measurement, PM2.5, PM10.0 and aerosol particle number were analyzed, and the aerosol density of subjects with and without masks was compared. Results The PM2.5, PM10.0 and aerosol particles produced by the non-contact 'air-puff' tonometry and increased with the increase of spray times. The IOP curves of 60 eyes of 30 subjects were measured respectively in two environments of medical consulting room and medical institution hall. It was found that PM2.5, pm10.0 and particle number fluctuated and increased with the increase of IOP measurement person times, showing cumulative effect, and the accumulation speed of aerosol density in hall was faster than that in consulting room. The density of PM2.5 and PM10.0 produced without gauze mask were (53.417&plusmn;2.306) and (85.350&plusmn; 3.488) &mu;g/m 3 , which were higher than those of (50.567&plusmn;0.862) and (80.617&plusmn;1.463) &mu;g/m 3 with gauze mask. The differences were statistically significant ( P =0.028, 0.019). Conclusions Aerosol can be produced by non-contact 'air-puff' tonometer spraying, and it fluctuates with the increase of spraying times, showing a cumulative effect. The aerosol accumulation is higher in the hall with insufficient air circulation. And more aerosol can be produced without gauze mask.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Experimental Ophthalmology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 38
IS  - 0
PG  - E010-E010
SP  - E010
EP  - E010
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in pregnancy: analysis of nine cases
AU  - LEI, Di
AU  - WANG, Chen
AU  - LI, Chunyan
AU  - FANG, Congcong
AU  - YANG, Wenbing
AU  - CHEN, Biheng
AU  - WEI, Min
AU  - XU, Xiaoyu
AU  - YANG, Huixia
AU  - WANG, Suqing
AU  - FAN, Cuifang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To evaluate the clinical characteristics and pregnant outcomes of gravidae with COVID-19. Methods This study involved nine gravidae with COVID-19 admitted to the Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from January 22 to February 1, 2020. Their clinical data, including epidemiological history, clinical symptoms, laboratory examinations, chest CT, treatment, delivery mode, and pregnancy outcomes, were analyzed retrospectively. Descriptive analysis was applied in this study. Results (1) Among the nine cases, five were admitted in the third trimester and four in the second trimester. The median incubation period of COVID-19 was 8 (1-14) d. Fever was presented in all cases on admission, and the other commonly seen symptoms were cough (seven cases) and diarrhea (five cases). Other signs and symptoms were also reported, including shortness of breath, myalgia and fatigue (four cases in each), nasal obstruction, pharyngalgia, chest pain, and headache/dizziness (three cases in each), rash (two cases), and chills and expectoration (one case in each). The most common laboratory abnormalities were a decreased number of lymphocytes (seven cases) and elevated C-reactive protein (six cases). Chest CT scans were performed in seven women, and all showed patchy areas or ground-glass opacity in both lungs. Oligohydramnios was detected in only one case at 37 +5 weeks, which was 7 d after the diagnosis of COVID-19. (2) All nine cases received empiric antibiotic and antiviral therapy with Chinese medicine as adjuvant treatment. Eight patients required oxygen inhalation, and seven were treated with glucocorticoid. One case received immunotherapy due to worsening conditions. (3) Four of the nine cases had delivered, including three cesarean sections and one spontaneous vaginal preterm birth after premature rupture of membranes, and the mother was transferred to the intensive care unit 2 d after delivery due to acute respiratory distress syndrome. One case was terminated at 26 gestational weeks. Of the four neonates, there were two term and two premature babies, and one preterm babies was small-for-gestational-age. No neonatal asphyxia was observed. Serial real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction showed negative results in the detection of 2019-novel coronavirus in all samples obtained from amniotic fluid, umbilical cord blood, neonatal nasopharynx, breast milk, and vagina. Maternal conditions were all stable in all cases, including the four continuing pregnancy, and the terminated ones, except the case mentioned above. Conclusions There is no distinguishable clinical feature between pregnant and non-pregnant COVID-19 patients. Currently, the evidence for vertical transmission of COVID-19 needs further studies with larger size of examples, but pregnancy may deteriorate COVID-19. Given that COVID-19 may have adverse effects on perinatal outcomes, it's recommended to take positive and effective measures for COVID-19 women in the third trimester.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Perinatal Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 23
IS  - 3
PG  - 222-228
SP  - 222
EP  - 228
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A case of COVID-19 and pneumonia returning from Macau in Taiwan: clinical course and anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG dynamic
AU  - Lee, Nan-Yao
AU  - Li, Chia-Wen
AU  - Tsai, Huey-Pin
AU  - Chen, Po-Lin
AU  - Syue, Ling-Shan
AU  - Li, Ming-Chi
AU  - Tsai, Chin-Shiang
AU  - Lo, Ching-Lung
AU  - Hsueh, Po-Ren
AU  - Ko, Wen-Chien
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A 46-year-old woman presented to the emergency department with 2-day fever and cough at seven days after returning from Macau. COVID-19 and pneumonia was diagnosed based on the positive real-time RT-PCR tests for oropharyngeal swab samples and the presence of anti-SARS-COV-2 IgG starting from the illness day 11 and post-exposure 18-21 days.
JO  - Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2020.03.003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1684118220300608
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - What does “crisis” education look like?
AU  - Kidman, Gillian
AU  - Chang, Chew-Hung
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In the recent issues of IRGEE, we have been asking a few questions, trying to look into the crystal ball of our shared futures. We have been asking questions about how well we are preparing children as tomorrow’s citizens and leaders, and if they will have the dispositions, skills and knowledge to take the planet forward for future generations. To try to answer these questions we considered current events happening in both the editors’ local contexts as well as in global events. For instance, the concerns of drought and bush fires in Australia accompanied politicians arguing over swimming pools and women’s sporting facility funding, and there was another attempted political party leadership takeover. In Singapore, people took different stands on the ban on personal mobility devices on pedestrian pavement. At the global level, news about Brexit and the coming United States elections were prominently featured on headlines. More recently, we were alerted to the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) crisis affecting many countries around the world. While there have been discussions of 21st century competencies that our children will need to flourish in a future economy, one in which some of their jobs have not been even invented yet, there is another aspect of future-ready education that we need to address—education in times of crisis. During these times of crises, how information is produced and consumed has immense impact on society and economy, and education has an important part to play in ensuring that people are able to interpret accurately the information they come into contact with. Broadly defined, “crisis education” should examine how education is able to address the knowledge, skills and dispositions required for people in precarious times. Given that the COVID-19 event is recent and its potential impact on longer term global movement of people and resources have yet to be seen, we explore the social aspects of this crisis and highlight the impact of misinformation circulating on social media. A review of past IRGEE papers exploring ‘crisis education’ is used to explore the role of geographical and environmental education in combatting the impact of this misinformation. This year we become aware of the COVID-19 outbreak on 31 December 2019. At least tens of thousands of people have been infected and the death toll in China alone has exceeded that of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARs) outbreak (figures are taken from the World Health Organization website as of 10 February 2020). The media reminds us of other past deadly virus outbreaks like SARs and the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) virus. Unfortunately, unlike SARS and MERS, the current crisis coincided with the period just prior to and during the Lunar New Year, when traditionally millions of people in China and around the world travel back to their hometowns to celebrate the Lunar New Year. This greatly facilitated the spread of the virus during the initial incubation period. The news media are keeping the world updated on processes and procedures, explaining the need for quarantine periods and the need to keep calm and to be cognizant of the heightened general hygiene requirements. Speculation is beginning on the possibilities of what the worldwide economic and social impact of the COVID-19 will be. Unfortunately, what we are also seeing and hearing is the spread of misinformation—information that is false, but not created with the intention of causing harm (e.g., someone posting an idea containing erroneous information, but not realizing it is erroneous). We are seeing misinformation circulated largely on social media, but also in the conventional and digital news outlets.
JO  - International Research in Geographical and Environmental Education
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 29
IS  - 2
PG  - 107-111
SP  - 107
EP  - 111
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/10382046.2020.1730095
UR  - https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10382046.2020.1730095
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus outbreaks: prevention and management recommendations
AU  - Khan, Zakir
AU  - Muhammad, Khayal
AU  - Ahmed, Ali
AU  - Rahman, Hazir
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Drugs & Therapy Perspectives
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s40267-020-00717-x
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s40267-020-00717-x
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - PCOMM
TI  - Mutations can reveal how the coronavirus moves—but they’re easy to overinterpret | Science | AAAS
AU  - Kai, Kupferschmidt
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - mmediately after Christian Drosten published a genetic sequence of the novel coronavirus online on 28 February, he took to Twitter to issue a warning. As the virus has raced around the world, more than 350 genome sequences have been shared on the online platform GISAID. They hold clues to how the new virus, named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is spreading and evolving. But because the sequences represent a tiny fraction of cases and show few telltale differences, they are easy to overinterpret, as Drosten realized. A virologist at the Charité University Hospital in Berlin, he had sequenced the virus from a German patient infected with COVID-19 in Italy. The genome looked similar to that of a virus found in a patient in Munich, the capital of Bavaria, more than 1 month earlier; both shared three mutations not seen in early sequences from China. Drosten realized this could give rise to the idea that the Italian outbreak was “seeded” by the one in Bavaria, which state public health officials said had been quashed by tracing and quarantining all contacts of the 14 confirmed cases. But he thought it was just as likely that a Chinese variant carrying the three mutations had taken independent routes to both countries. The newly sequenced genome “is not sufficient to claim a link between Munich and Italy,” Drosten tweeted.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/03/mutations-can-reveal-how-coronavirus-moves-they-re-easy-overinterpret
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Comparison of heart failure and 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in chest CT features and clinical characteristics
AU  - ZHU, Zhaowei
AU  - TANG, Jianjun
AU  - CHAI, Xiangping
AU  - FANG, Zhenfei
AU  - LIU, Qiming
AU  - HU, Xinqun
AU  - XU, Dangyan
AU  - TANG, Liang
AU  - TAI, Shi
AU  - WU, Yuzhi
AU  - ZHOU, Shenghua
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To identify the characteristics including clinical features and pulmonary computed tomography (CT) features of heart failure and novel coronavirus pneumonia(COVID-19). Methods This study was a retrospective study. A total of 7 patients with Heart failure and 12 patients with COVID-19 in the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University between December 1, 2019 and February 15, 2020 were enrolled. The baseline clinical and imaging features of the two groups were statistically analyzed. Results There was no significant difference in age and sex between the two groups, but the incidence of epidemiological contact history, fever or respiratory symptoms in the COVID-19 group was significantly higher than that in the heart failure group (12/12 vs. 2/7, P =0.001; 12/12 vs. 4/7, P &lt;0.001). While the proportion of cardiovascular diseases and impaired cardiac function was significantly less than that of the heart failure group(2/12 vs.7/7, P &lt;0.001; 0/12 vs.7/7, P &lt;0.001). For imaging features, both groups had ground-glass opacity and thickening of interlobular septum, but the ratio of central and gradient distribution was higher in patients with heart failure than that in patients with COVID-19 (4/7 vs. 1/12, P =0.04). In heart failure group, the ratio of the expansion of small pulmonary veins was also higher (3/7 vs. 0, P =0.013), and the lung lesions can be significantly improved after effective anti-heart failure treatment. Besides, there are more disease with rounded morphology in COVID-19 (9/12 vs. 2/7, P=0.048) . Conclusions More patients with COVID-19 have epidemiological history and fever or respiratory symptoms. There are significant differences in chest CT features, such as enlargement of pulmonary veins, lesions distribution and morphology between heart failure and COVID-19.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Cardiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 48
IS  - 0
PG  - E007-E007
SP  - E007
EP  - E007
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemic trend of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in mainland China
AU  - ZHU, Zhengbao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective In order to master the epidemic trend of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and evaluate the effect of prevention and control, we evaluate the epidemic dynamics of COVID-19 in mainland China, Hubei province, Wuhan city and other provinces outside Hubei from January 16 to February 14, 2020. Methods We collected the daily number of new confirmed COVID-19 cases by nucleic acid detection reported by the National Health Commission from January 16, 2020 to February 14, 2020. The analysis includes the epidemic curve of the new confirmed cases, multiple of the new confirmed cases for period-over-period, multiple of the new confirmed cases for fixed-base, and the period-over-period growth rate of the new confirmed cases. Results From January 16 to February 14, 2020, the cumulative number of new confirmed cases of COVID-19 in mainland China was 50 031, including 37 930 in Hubei province, 22 883 in Wuhan city and 12 101 in other provinces outside Hubei. The peak of the number of new confirmed cases in other provinces outside Hubei was from January 31 to February 4, 2020, and the peak of new confirmed cases in Wuhan city and Hubei province was from February 5 to February 9, 2020. The number of new confirmed cases in other provinces outside Hubei showed a significant decline (23% compared with the peak) from February 5 to February 9, 2020, while the number of new confirmed cases in Wuhan city (30% compared with the peak) and Hubei Province (37% compared with the peak) decreased significantly from February 10 to February 14, 2020. Conclusion The epidemic prevention and control measures taken by the state and governments at all levels have shown very significant effects, effectively curbing the spread of the COVID-19 epidemic in China.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 0
PG  - E022-E022
SP  - E022
EP  - E022
AN  - 
DO  - 
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NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - The differential diagnosis of pulmonary infiltrates in cancer patients during the outbreak of the 2019 novel coronavirus disease
AU  - ZHU, Wenjie
AU  - WANG, Jie
AU  - HE, Xiaohui
AU  - QIN, Yan
AU  - YANG, Sheng
AU  - HU, Xingsheng
AU  - WANG, Hongyu
AU  - HUANG, Jing
AU  - ZHOU, Aiping
AU  - MA, Fei
AU  - SHI, Yuankai
AU  - ZHOU, Shengyu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To investigate the principles of differential diagnosis of pulmonary infiltrates in cancer patients during the outbreak of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by analyzing one case of lymphoma who presented pulmonary ground-glass opacities (GGO) after courses of chemotherapy. Methods Baseline demographics and clinicopathological data of eligible patients were retrieved from medical records. Information of clinical manifestations, history of epidemiology, lab tests and chest CT scan images of visiting patients from February 13 to February 28 were collected. Literatures about pulmonary infiltrates in cancer patients were searched from databases including PUBMED, EMBASE and CNKI. Results Among the 139 cancer patients underwent chest CT scans before chemotherapy, pulmonary infiltrates were identified in eight patients (5.8%), five of whom were characterized as GGOs in lungs. 2019-nCoV nuclear acid testing was performed in three patients and the results were negative. One case was a 66-year-old man diagnosed as non-Hodgkin lymphoma and underwent CHOP chemotherapy regimen. His chest CT scan image displayed multiple GGOs in lungs and the complete blood count showed decreased lymphocytes. This patient denied any contact with confirmed/suspected cases of 2019-nCoV infection and without fever and other respiratory symptoms. Considering the negative result of nuclear acid testing, this patient was presumptively diagnosed as viral pneumonia and an experiential anti-infection treatment had been prescribed for him. Conclusions The 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) complicates the clinical scenario of pulmonary infiltrates in cancer patients. The epidemic history, clinical manifestation, CT scan image and lab test should be combined consideration. The 2019-nCoV nuclear acid testing might be applicated in more selected patients. Active anti-infection treatment and surveillance of patient condition should be initiated if infectious disease is considered.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 42
IS  - 0
PG  - E008-E008
SP  - E008
EP  - E008
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical analysis of 10 neonates born to mothers with 2019-nCoV pneumonia
AU  - Zhu, Huaping
AU  - Wang, Lin
AU  - Fang, Chengzhi
AU  - Peng, Sicong
AU  - Zhang, Lianhong
AU  - Chang, Guiping
AU  - Xia, Shiwen
AU  - Zhou, Wenhao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: The newly identified 2019-nCoV, which appears to have originated in Wuhan, the capital city of Hubei province in central China, is spreading rapidly nationwide. A number of cases of neonates born to mothers with 2019-nCoV pneumonia have been recorded. However, the clinical features of these cases have not been reported, and there is no sufficient evidence for the proper prevention and control of 2019-nCoV infections in neonates. METHODS: The clinical features and outcomes of 10 neonates (including 2 twins) born to 9 mothers with confirmed 2019-nCoV infection in 5 hospitals from January 20 to February 5, 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: Among these 9 pregnant women with confirmed 2019-nCoV infection, onset of clinical symptoms occurred before delivery in 4 cases, on the day of delivery in 2 cases, and after delivery in 3 cases. In most cases, fever and a cough were the first symptoms experienced, and 1 patient also had diarrhea. Of the newborns born to these mothers, 8 were male and 2 were female; 4 were full-term infants and 6 were born premature; 2 were small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants and 1 was a large-for-gestational-age (LGA) infant; there were 8 singletons and 2 twins. Of the neonates, 6 had a Pediatric Critical Illness Score (PCIS) score of less than 90. Clinically, the first symptom in the neonates was shortness of breath (n=6), but other initial symptoms such as fever (n=2), thrombocytopenia accompanied by abnormal liver function (n=2), rapid heart rate (n=1), vomiting (n=1), and pneumothorax (n=1) were observed. Up to now, 5 neonates have been cured and discharged, 1 has died, and 4 neonates remain in hospital in a stable condition. Pharyngeal swab specimens were collected from 9 of the 10 neonates 1 to 9 days after birth for nucleic acid amplification tests for 2019-nCoV, all of which showed negative results. CONCLUSIONS: Perinatal 2019-nCoV infection may have adverse effects on newborns, causing problems such as fetal distress, premature labor, respiratory distress, thrombocytopenia accompanied by abnormal liver function, and even death. However, vertical transmission of 2019-nCoV is yet to be confirmed.
JO  - Transl Pediatr
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
PG  - 51-60
SP  - 51
EP  - 60
AN  - 32154135
DO  - 10.21037/tp.2020.02.06
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32154135 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7036645/
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Discussion on the Management of Fever Clinic during the Epidemic Period of Corona Virus Disease 2019
AU  - ZHOU, Yiwu
AU  - HE, Yanqi
AU  - JIANG, Zhen
AU  - LIU, Peng
AU  - CHEN, Yao
AU  - LAI, Shichao
AU  - CAO, Yu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To investigate the role of epidemiological history in the screening of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in fever clinic, to improve the efficiency in fever clinic and reduce the incidence of cross infection. Methods This is a retrospective study. Patients who were admitted to the fever clinic in West China Hospital of Sichuan University from January 23 th , 2020 to February 11 th , 2020 included the study. According to epidemiological history, the patients were divided into epidemiological history group (the experimental group) and no epidemiological history group (the control group). The two groups of patients were admitted and treated separately. The clinical data, NEWS score, etiology results, viral pneumonia showed on CT, time of visit, COVID-19 patient ratio, and admission composition ratio were compared between the two groups. The measurement data were presented as the mean &plusmn; standard deviation (SD), and the numeration data were expressed as ratio or constituent ratio. The measurement data of normal distribution between the two groups were compared by independent sample t test. The measurement data of skewed distribution are expressed by the median (interquartile range), and the comparison between the two groups is tested by non-parameter. The differences between enumeration data were assessed by chi-square test. A P &lt;0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results A total of 2423 patients were included, including 927 patients in the experimental group and 1296 patients in the control group. There were no significant differences in gender, NEWS score and clinical symptoms between the two groups ( P &gt; 0.05). The age (35.00 &plusmn; 12.80 vs 38.13 &plusmn; 15.57 years) , the proportion of fever patients (28.80% vs 32.75%) and waiting time (31.72 vs 58.08 min) of the experimental group were lower than the control group, the difference was statistically significant ( P &lt;0.05). The CT examination ratio (37.54% vs 20.39%), viral pneumonia ratio showed on CT (9.77% vs 2.95%), ratio of examined COVID-19 nucleic acid test (85.44% vs 56.75%), and the admission ratio (16.72% vs 9.63%) of the experimental group were higher than the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P &lt;0.05); There was no significant difference in the positive rates of influenza virus and rhinovirus between the two groups ( P &gt; 0.05). Conclusion It is necessary to adjust the management mode of fever clinic during the Corona Virus Disease 2019, and to manage the patients according to the epidemiological history which can improve the screening efficiency and reduce the risk of cross infection.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 29
IS  - 0
PG  - E016-E016
SP  - E016
EP  - E016
AN  - 
DO  - 
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Asymptomatic COVID-19 in pregnant woman with typical chest CT manifestation: a case report
AU  - ZHOU, Renbin
AU  - CHEN, Yixiang
AU  - LIN, Chuangxing
AU  - LI, Heida
AU  - CAI, Xiaoying
AU  - CAI, Zhiwei
AU  - LIN, Guangyu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We report a case of maternal asymptomatic COVID-19 in a patient with typical CT image of pneumonia in the third trimester, and both the mother and baby were well. The patient, a 30-year-old female, was transferred to Yichun People's Hospital at 37 +3 gestational weeks because of a positive 2019 novel coronavirus nucleic acid result over seven hours. Her husband and mother-in-law were diagnosed with COVID-19 eight days before her admission and on the same day, respectively. The patient reported no discomfort before admission, and there were no abnormalities in the prenatal course during her pregnancy. On February 13 (the second day of admission), a patchy blurred shadow was observed in the lower lobe of the right lung in chest CT scan, and a live baby girl was delivered by a precaution-based emergent cesarean section because of suspected fetal distress shown in electrical fetal heart monitoring. Both the mother and the newborn were isolated separately after the operation without etiological examination of amniotic fluid, umbilical cord blood, placenta, etc. All the medical staff involved in the cesarean section were isolated as well. The mother was healthy and remained asymptomatic after delivery, while antiviral and anti-inflammatory treatment was offered. COVID-19 nucleic acid tests of pharyngeal swab were negative on the 4 th and 6 th day after operation. Chest CT on the 5 th day after delivery showed inflammation in the lower lobe of the right lung, and reexamination on the 8 th day showed a slight absorption of the inflammation. Samples of peripheral blood and pharynx swab were obtained from the newborn on the day of birth and four and seven days after birth and novel coronavirus nucleic acid test were all negative. The mother and baby dyad were discharged nine days after operation. And novel coronavirus nucleic acid tests were all negative in all medical staff involved.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Perinatal Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 23
IS  - 3
PG  - E006-E006
SP  - E006
EP  - E006
AN  - 
DO  - 
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemiological survey on a family aggregation COVID-19 in Y County, Chenzhou City, Hunan
AU  - ZHOU, Hong
AU  - ZHU, Han wu
AU  - CHEN, Bai tang
AU  - Z, Wen HENG
AU  - HE, De biao HENG
AU  - HUANG, Jian HENG
AU  - OUYANG, Shao feng HENG
AU  - HUANG, Jun xiao HENG
AU  - TAN, Hui HENG
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To investigate epidemic characteristics of a family aggregation COVID-19, and to provide scientific basis for prevention and control of family aggregation epidemic. Methods] Field epidemiological methods were used to investigate the cases and close contacts of a family aggregation COVID-19 in Y County, Chenzhou City, Hunan Province. Descriptive statistical analysis was used on epidemiological data . The 2019-nCoV nucleic acid was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR. Results It was found that Ms. Deng was infected with COVID-19 and became the infectious source of the family aggregation epidemic , who had lived in Wuhan Hubei Province. Her boyfriend Mr. Cao became a second-generation case of COVID-19..Another two asymptomatic but infected persons were family members living with Ms.Deng . Conclusion COVID-19 easily spreads within families. The awareness of family members' protection, the education of new coronavirus pneumonia prevention and control in key groups should be strengthened to avoid the occurrence and spread of family aggregation epidemic.
JO  - Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 32
IS  - 2
PG  - E009-E009
SP  - E009
EP  - E009
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Necessity and feasibility of viral RNA detection in specialist ophthalmic institute during the COVID-19 epidemic
AU  - ZHENG, Meiqin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The prevention and treatment of COVID-19 in China is now at a key stage. The tasks faced by the medical organs are fighting against the COVID-19 while providing the medical services orderly. As a Specialist medical institution nationwide, ophthalmic hospitals are resuming receiving patients and performing operations gradually, including precision interruption of the epidemic, prevention of the secondary virus transmission, and avoidance of nosocomial cross infection among health care providers are required. We explored a multifaceted management for the prevention and control of epidemic, with a special focus on the individual protection for patients and medical staffs. A preliminary positive effect can be observed as a result. The main measures taken cover two aspects. On the one hand, 2019-nCoV ribonucleic acid (RNA) detection and hematological indices inspection including C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid A (SAA) are listed as routine tests of preoperative screening for ocular surgical patients. These tests are required to be completed upon the admission to avoid the possibility of accepting any asymptomatic infected individual and to reduce the risk of nosocomial cross infection. On the other hand, the 2019-nCoV RNA detection is also provided to high-risk employees who visited affected area recently. This assists in obtaining guarantee in both safety and quality of medical services provided, but also helps in lessening the mental and spiritual stress for medical staffs. It is expected that these measures can contribute to the work of our peers of ophthalmology in the prevention and control of COVID-19 and to the safe environment where the medical services are provided, and provide a reference for other outbreak of virus-causing disease.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Experimental Ophthalmology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 38
IS  - 0
PG  - E008-E008
SP  - E008
EP  - E008
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Individualized treatment recommendations for lung cancer patients at different stages of treatment during the outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus disease epidemic
AU  - ZHAO, Zhe
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In order to achieve the overall victory of the 2019 novel coronavirus disease epidemic in this 'war&rsquo;, especially to prevent the disease recurrence from rebounding during the resumption of labor, the government has not loosened any control of personnel mobility, which has obviously affected the normal examination and treatment of lung cancer patients under the influence of this epidemic. During the epidemic period, cancer patients with low immunity levels face the double ordeals of disease and epidemic situation. Compared with the general population, they are more likely to be infected with the new coronavirus. Among the infected cancer patients, lung cancer is the most common type. It is necessary to provide more appropriate individualized treatment recommendations for patients with lung cancer based on the epidemic situation of the patient's location and in combination with the patient's own condition. Through active prevention of infection, timely conversion of treatment strategies, online and offline joint control, and positive psychological counseling, we significantly hope to help patients with lung cancer to survive this difficult period.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 42
IS  - 0
PG  - E007-E007
SP  - E007
EP  - E007
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Investigation of the mental health of patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - ZHAO, Qian
AU  - HU, Caihong
AU  - FENG, Renjie
AU  - YANG, Yuan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To evaluate the status and influencing factors of the mental health of patients with COVID-19 during isolation treatment. Methods From February 2nd to 16th, 2020, 106 COVID-19 patients were anonymously investigated for their mental health status using onlinequestionnaires (including Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7, Patient Health Questionnaire-15 scales). The patients were from Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College ofHuazhong University of Science and Technology. After data processing, SPSS19.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results Of the 106 COVID-19 patients, 46 were male and 60 were female, with an age of (35.90&plusmn;11.92) years. The detection rates of depression, anxiety and somatic symptoms in those patients were 49.06% (52/106) , 56.60% (60/106) and 69.81% (74/106) respectively. The severe cases of depression (scale score greater than 19) , anxiety (scale score greater than 14) and somatic symptoms (scale score greater than 14) accounted for 9.43% (10/106) , 15.09% (16/106) and 20.75% (22/106) respectively. In addition, 67.92% (72/106) of the patients had sleep problems, 24.53% (26/106) had self-mutilating or suicidal thoughts, and 28.30% (30/106) required psychological counseling&mdash;all of which were at significantly higher percentages than those of the general population. Only 39.62% (42/106) of the examined patients had neither deression nor anxiety. By using the non-parametric test of rank conversion for analysis, and the results showed that both married patients and nucleic-acid-positive patients had more severe depressions, and both married patients and anoxemicpatients had more severe somatic symptoms. Conclusion This mental health assessment showed that depression, anxiety, and various somatic symptoms exist among the COVID-19 patients, and therefore early identification and intervention should be conducted to avoid extreme events such asself-mutilating or suicidal impulsivity, with a greater focus on both married patients and patients with severe symptoms.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Neurology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 53
IS  - 0
PG  - E003-E003
SP  - E003
EP  - E003
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Review on the study of spreading of the COVID-19 based on dynamic models
AU  - ZHANG, Yunjun
AU  - ZHANG, Yuan
AU  - YOU, Chong
AU  - ZHOU, Xiaohua
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To Summarize mathematical and statistical models used in the area of infectious diseases modelling, to provide ideas and suggestions for the model-based analysis and decision-making of COVID-19. Methods By reviewing the commonly used mathematical and statistical models in the analysis of infectious diseases, with a focus on the mathematical models of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) that have been published and their practical effects. Results Infectious diseases modelling based on multi-source information has become the main research trend, and the published mathematical models of COVID-19 epidemic need to be improved in terms of accuracy and scalability. Conclusions It is recommended to build a more advanced mathematical/statistical model by allowing for the characteristics of new coronaviruses and to use more informative data to improve the analysis and decision-making of the new epidemic.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Medical Science Research Management
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 33
IS  - 0
PG  - E014-E014
SP  - E014
EP  - E014
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Medical diagnosis and treatment strategies for malignant tumors of the digestive system during the outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - ZHANG, Yun
AU  - XU, Jianming
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since the outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia in December 2019, the diagnosis and treatment of patients with cancer have been facing great challenges. Although oncologists are not fighting on the front line to against the epidemic, during this special period, we should not only protect patients, their families and medical staff from the infection of novel Coronavirus, but also minimize the impact of the epidemic on the diagnosis and the treatment of patients with cancer. Combining the guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of tumors with our clinical experience, in this epidemic period, we discuss the strategies for diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of malignant tumors of the digestive system in this article.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 42
IS  - 0
PG  - E005-E005
SP  - E005
EP  - E005
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Spike-host cell receptor GRP78 binding site prediction
AU  - Ibrahim, Ibrahim M.
AU  - Abdelmalek, Doaa H.
AU  - Elshahat, Mohammed E.
AU  - Elfiky, Abdo A.
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - ObjectivesUnderstanding the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) mode of host cell recognition may help to fight the disease and save lives. The spike protein of coronaviruses is the main driving force for host cell recognition.
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.02.026
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.02.026
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: roundup of latest news
AU  - Iacobucci, Gareth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The vast majority of NHS emergency departments in England don’t have adequate isolation facilities for containing the spread of infectious diseases such as covid-19, one of the country’s most senior emergency doctors told The BMJ . Chris Moulton, consultant in emergency medicine at the Royal Bolton Hospital and former vice president of the Royal College of Emergency Medicine, said he had visited and observed around 80 emergency departments in his current role as joint emergency medicine lead for the NHS’s Getting it Right …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m969-m969
SP  - m969
EP  - m969
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m969
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m969
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How to train the health personnel for protecting themselves from novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infection during their patient or suspected case care
AU  - Huh, Sun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of educational evaluation for health professions
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 17
IS  - 
PG  - 10-10
SP  - 10
EP  - 10
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3352/jeehp.2020.17.10
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32150796
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Dynamic basic reproduction number based evaluation for current prevention and control of COVID-19 outbreak in China
AU  - HUANG, Lihong
AU  - SHEN, Sipeng
AU  - YU, Ping
AU  - WEI, Yongyue
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To evaluate the current status of the prevention and control of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak in China, establish a predictive model to evaluate the effects of the current prevention and control strategies, and provide scientific information for decision- making departments. Methods Based on the epidemic data of COVID-19 openly accessed from national health authorities, we estimated the dynamic basic reproduction number R 0 (t) to evaluate the effects of the current COVID-19 prevention and control strategies in all the provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions) as well as in Wuhan and the changes in infectivity of COVID-19 over time. Results For the stability of the results, 24 provinces (municipality) with more than 100 confirmed COVID-19 cases were included in the analysis. At the beginning of the outbreak, the R 0 (t) showed unstable trend with big variances. As the strengthening of the prevention and control strategies, R 0 (t) began to show a downward trend in late January, and became stable in February. By the time of data analysis, 18 provinces (municipality) (75%) had the R 0 (t)s less than 1. The results could be used for the decision making to free population floating conditionally. Conclusions Dynamic R 0 (t) is useful in the evaluation of the change in infectivity of COVID-19, the prevention and control strategies for the COVID-19 outbreak have shown preliminary effects, if continues, it is expected to control the COVID-19 outbreak in China in near future.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 4
PG  - 466-469
SP  - 466
EP  - 469
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mental health survey of 230 medical staff in a tertiary infectious disease hospital for COVID-19
AU  - HUANG, Jizheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To investigate the mental health of clinical first-line medical staff in COVID-19 epidemic and provide theoretical basis for psychological intervention. Method The mental health status of the first-line medical staff was investigated by Self-rating Anxiety Acale (SAS) and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Self-rating Scale(PTSD-SS). From February 7 to 14, 2020, 246 medical staff were investigated who participated in the treatment of COVID-19 using cluster sampling , and received 230 responses, with a recovery rate of 93.5%. Results The incidence of anxiety in medical staff was 23.04% (53/230), and the score of SAS was (42.91 &plusmn; 10.89). Among them, the incidence of severe anxiety, moderate anxiety and mild anxiety were 2.17% (5/230), 4.78% (11/230) and 16.09% (37/230), respectively. The incidence of anxiety in female medical staff was higher than that in male [25.67% (48/187) vs 11.63% (5/43), Z =-2.008, P =0.045], the score of SAS in female medical staff was higher than that in male [(43.78&plusmn;11.12) vs (39.14 &plusmn; 9.01), t =-2.548, P =0.012]. The incidence of anxiety in nurses was higher than that in doctors [26.88% (43/160) vs 14.29% (10/70), Z =-2.066, P =0.039], and the score of SAS in nurses was higher than that in doctors [(44.84&plusmn;10.42) vs (38.50&plusmn;10.72), t =-4.207, P &lt;0.001]. The incidence of stress disorder in medical staff was 27.39% (63/230), and the score of PTSD-SS was (42.92 &plusmn; 17.88). The score of PTSD-SS in female medical staff was higher than that of male [(44.30&plusmn;18.42) vs (36.91 &plusmn; 13.95), t =-2.472, P =0.014]. Conclusions In COVID-19 epidemic, the incidence of anxiety and stress disorder is high among medical staff. Medical institutions should strengthen the training of psychological skills of medical staff. Special attention should be paid to the mental health of female nurses.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 38
IS  - 0
PG  - E001-E001
SP  - E001
EP  - E001
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Strategy of dental clinics to cope with the epidemic period of infectious diseases based on the experience of corona virus disease outbreak
AU  - HUA, Chengge
AU  - LIU, Zhiqing
AU  - WANG, Qing
AU  - YANG, Zheng
AU  - XU, Qinghong
AU  - ZHANG, Jing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of corona virus disease (COVID-19) has raised concerns among dentists to develop strategies to prevent infection of dental equipment, materials, and patients during an epidemic period. Strategies following the National Laws and Standards of China and local standards of several provinces for controlling cross-infection and instituting protective measures for medical staff in dental clinics during an epidemic period are discussed. A proposal is put forth for dental clinics that will face similar situations in the future. Further research is warranted to address potential problems that will be encountered under such dire circumstances.
JO  - West China Journal of Stomatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 38
IS  - 0
PG  - E010-E010
SP  - E010
EP  - E010
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Interpretation of 'expert consensus on elderly patients with hip fractures under epidemic of novel coronavirus pneumonia'
AU  - HU, Yan
AU  - CAO, Liehu
AU  - HUANG, Biaotong
AU  - HE, Jiye
AU  - GU, Zhengrong
AU  - CHEN, Xiao
AU  - LIU, Guohui
AU  - LIU, Ximing
AU  - CHEN, Yanxi
AU  - WANG, Dongliang
AU  - SU, Jiacan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - With aim to reasonably cope with the elderly patients with hip fracture during epidemic of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Professor Su Jiacan and Academician Zhang Yingze organized the 'expert consensus on elderly patients with hip fractures under epidemic of novel coronavirus pneumonia' that for the first time formulated the management strategies for the elderly patients with hip fracture including selection of surgical methods and protective measures for medical staff from perspective of orthopedic surgeons. The authors interpret the clinical guiding value and key points of diagnosis and treatment of the consensus to help clinicians better understand the consensus and strengthen its practical application.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Trauma
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 36
IS  - 2
PG  - 133-136
SP  - 133
EP  - 136
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Comparison of chest CT images between confirmed and suspected cases of COVID-19
AU  - HU, Rui
AU  - HUANG, Nan
AU  - CHEN, Wen
AU  - HE, Qiang
AU  - ZHAO, Liang
AU  - QIU, Junhua
AU  - WU, Dehong
AU  - GUO, Can
AU  - XU, Lin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To explore the value of chest CT features and clinical indexes in the differential diagnosis between suspected COVID-19 with two or more negative nucleic acid tests and confirmed COVID-19. Methods The clinical data and chest CT images of 105 cases withconfirmedCOVID-19 (55 males and 50 females, aged from 2 month to 88 years) and 97 cases with suspected COVID-19(59 males and 38 females, aged from 1 month to 93 years) were analyzed retrospectively in Shiyan Taihe Hospital from January 21 to February 10, 2020. &chi; 2 test and two independent sample t test were used to analyze the clinical data and CT signs of the two cases, with P&lt;0.05 for the difference statistically significant. Results Compared with the suspected patients, the average age of diagnosis of covid-19 was higher (t = 2.460, P = 0.01). The main pathological changes were pure ground glass (68 cases) and mixed ground glass density (53 cases) ( &chi; 2 = 50.016, P &lt; 0.01). Interstitial thickening (83 cases) ( &chi; 2 = 55.395, P &lt; 0.01), vascular thickening (73 cases) ( &chi; 2 = 57.527, P &lt; 0.01), air bronchoscopic sign or bronchiectasis Zhang (67 cases) ( &chi; 2 = 17.899, P &lt; 0.01), cord focus (54 cases) ( &chi; 2 = 5.500, P = 0.02), easily distributed under the pleura and the long axis of the lesion was parallel to the pleura (89 cases) ( &chi; 2 = 23.597, P &lt; 0.01), most of them had no pleural effusion ( &chi; 2 = 7.017, P &lt; 0.01); both lesions were mainly distributed in patches (89 cases were confirmed, 87 suspected) ( &chi; 2 = 19.573, P &lt; 0.01). In addition, the lesions of patients with confirmed covid-19 showed progress in short term (72 / 87, 82.76%), and those with suspected covid-19 showed remission in short term (63 / 89, 70.78%). The difference was statistically significant ( &chi; 2 = 51.114, P &lt; 0.01). There was no significant difference in gender and distribution of pulmonary lobes ( &chi; 2 = 1.462, P = 0.23; &chi; 2 = 7.381, P = 0.19). The number of white blood cells ( &chi; 2 = 17.891, P &lt; 0.01) and the percentage of lymphocytes ( &chi; 2 = 11.151, P &lt; 0.01) of covid-19 were mostly normal or decreased, creatine kinase ( &chi; 2 = 9.589, P &lt; 0.01) were mostly normal, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate was mostly normal or increased ( &chi; 2 = 4.240, P = 0.04). Conclusions The imaging features and biochemical indexes of diagnosed COVID-19 are different from those of suspected COVID-19. The comparative analysis of imaging features, clinical indexes and reexamination are helpful for the differential diagnosis of COVID-19 and suspected COVID-19.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 0
PG  - E015-E015
SP  - E015
EP  - E015
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Current situation and trend of coronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID-2019) in foreign countries
AU  - HAN, Minghui
AU  - FANG, Hongji
AU  - YANG, Dongjian
AU  - JIANG, Chenyan
AU  - CHEN, Chuanwei
AU  - WANG, Heixng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To learn about the current situation and trends of novel coronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID-2019) in foreign countries. Methods The data on confirmed COVID-2019 cases were collected between January 20, 2020 and February 18, 2020 and by age, sex, nationality, contact history, region, and country were performed stratified analysis and onset time analysis. Results From January 20th to February 18th, the cumulative number of confirmed cases of COVI D-2019 abroad was 804. Excluding the 454 cases on the 'Diamond Princess' cruise ship in Japan, the daily number of new cases fluctuated, showed a trend of rising first and then maintaining a steady trend. The peak date for new cases was on February 1, with the number of cases reaching 26. The confirmed cases were mainly concentrated in Asian countries, but also distributed in Europe, North America, Oceania and Africa. As of February 15, there was no more increase reported in the number of countries where confirmed cases occurred after reaching 25. Among these countries, Singapore, Japan, and Thailand were with the highest number of cases, with 77, 65, and 35 cases, respectively. In accordamce to available information on confirmed cases, the cases with history of exposure to confirmed cases were more than those with history of living or traveling in Hubei. And more cases were non-Chinese nationalities, 40 years old and above, and males . Conclusion The novel coronavirus has transmitted abroad, and produced second-generation cases. Although the incidence is low abroad , its trend fluctuates greatly, so sufficient attention must be paid to the possibility of further transmission.
JO  - Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 32
IS  - 2
PG  - E008-E008
SP  - E008
EP  - E008
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Design and preliminary application of regional control and prevention auxiliary information system under the attack of COVID-19 infectious disease
AU  - HAN, Hongbin
AU  - CHENG, Yumeng
AU  - YANG, Mo
AU  - TANG, Zeqing
AU  - WANG, Hui
AU  - YANG, Shuya
AU  - MA, Qingbian
AU  - WANG, Daidai
AU  - BAI, Yi
AU  - HE, Qingyuan
AU  - GUO, Kaixin
AU  - LIU, Huipo
AU  - XUE, Xiaoqi
AU  - CHENG, Fangxiao
AU  - LI, Xiang
AU  - MA, Jun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To propose the concept of a novel regional control and prevention (RCP) system for the outbreak of COVID-19 infectious disease, design an emergency epidemic prevention information system based on the existing network architecture and information system in the region, and a remote intelligent medical consultation and remote office platform, research and develop the technology of risk assessment and early warning for people in the region, and improve the regions&rsquo;prevention and control ability facing emergency of major infectious diseases. Methods Taking colleges, affiliated (teaching) hospitals, and cloud applications as typical RCP regional units, the existing local area network interaction methods between the cloud and universities and affiliated (teaching) hospitals are established to realize remote work in the network environment, remote medical imaging, psychological and ethical consultation and interaction; applying multi-agent propagation model based on complex network, combining Global Positioning System (GPS), Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), and electronic fence technology, to realize the risk classification and early warning of units and personnel in the area. Results In the RCP, a system architecture combining campus network, affiliated (teaching) hospital intranet, and the Internet is used. Dynamic connection is made using distributed technology and cloud storage. The data buffer mechanism of the intermediary database in the network realized telemedicine consultation and telecommuting. Relying on the platform, multi-agent propagation model based on complex network and cellular automaton model are used to realize the score and early warning of population exposure risk in the region by using GPS, RFID and electronic fence technology. Conclusions In the epidemic phase of major infectious diseases, the construction of RCP can improve the response speed of wartime epidemic prevention, provide reasonable data-based warnings and risk ratings, and reduce the exposure risk of susceptible people. The design and development of RCP is a systematic project that needs to combine regional structural and functional characteristics, and the foundation of the early informatization work in the region and the level of the emergency development team determine the development progress, maintenance, and actual application effects. It is recommended to establish a peacetime and wartime combined RCP mode and incorporate it into the government's disease control system to improve the national and regional level of prevention and control of major infectious diseases.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Medical Science Research Management
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 33
IS  - 0
PG  - E013-E013
SP  - E013
EP  - E013
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Comparison and analysis of the detection performance of six new coronavirus nucleic acid detection reagents
AU  - GUO, Yuanyuan
AU  - WANG, Kun
AU  - ZHANG, Yu
AU  - ZHANG, Wenjia
AU  - WANG, Liying
AU  - LIAO, Pu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To compare and analyse the detection performance of different 2019-new coronavirus (2019-nCoV) nucleic acid detection kits, in order to provide references for laboratory. Methods Six kinds of domestic reagents (A&mdash;F reagent) were selected for parallel detection of a series of samples from one patient in this hospital whose 2019-nCoV nucleic acid result was confirmed weakly positive. The samples were taken at three different times, the RNAs were extracted and amplified, and two parallel tests were performed each time by use of these six kits. The detection performance was compared according to the results of each kit. Results The three parallel test results (ORF1ab and N gene) of C and F reagents were positive, the results of D reagent showed the N gene was not detected, and the results of A, B, E reagents showed the ORF1ab gene was not detected sometimes. The reproducibility of in-batch detections by C reagent was the best, and the CT values of F reagents (N and ORF1ab), E reagents (ORF1ab) and A reagents (ORF1ab) showed changes in trend. Conclusion There are differences in the detection ability of six 2019-nCoV nucleic acid detection reagents for weakly positive samples, and the accuracy, sensitivity and reproducibility of some reagents are not good. There is an urgent need to further optimize and improve their performance in order to better meet the needs of large-scale screening.
JO  - Chongqing Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 49
IS  - 0
PG  - E023-E023
SP  - E023
EP  - E023
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - In the fight against the new coronavirus outbreak, we must also struggle with human bias
AU  - Gonçalves-Sá, Joana
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nat Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1038/s41591-020-0802-y
SP  - 10.1038/s41591
EP  - 020
AN  - 32152585
DO  - 10.1038/s41591-020-0802-y
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32152585
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Proposed protocol to keep COVID-19 out of hospitals
AU  - Glauser, Wendy
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - CMAJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 192
IS  - 10
PG  - E264-E265
SP  - E264
EP  - E265
AN  - 32152059
DO  - 10.1503/cmaj.1095852
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32152059
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID 19: Will the 2020 Hajj pilgrimage and Tokyo Olympic Games be cancelled?
AU  - Gautret, Philippe
AU  - Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A.
AU  - Hoang, Van Thuan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101622
SP  - 101622
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101622
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893920300909
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How to obtain evidence of vertical transmission in viral infected pregnant women: Reflection on COVID-19 epidemic
AU  - GAO, Xuelian
AU  - ZHOU, Yihua
AU  - YANG, Huixia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - During the COVID-19 epidemic, there have been many misconceptions concerning vertical transmission between the mother and fetus/baby, which has caused much discussion and controversy. However, there is no strong evidence to indicate that this novel coronavirus could be vertically transmitted from infected mothers to their fetuses/infants. Several easily confused concepts are clarified in this paper, including vertical transmission, intrauterine transmission, mother-to-infant transmission, intrapartum or postpartum transmission. Well-designed protocols and a disciplined research team are essential for both basic and clinical research, in order to contribute to obtaining more scientific evidence for better understanding of the characteristics of this novel coronavirus. Proper handling and disposal of the body fluids and tissue are critical for safety. We highlight the significant value of relevant research, and suggest future research directions, such as investigating the impact of COVID-19 in different trimesters. Furthermore, China has the most experience of treating pregnant women exposed to the COVID-19 virus, and it would be a great service to the rest of the world, for all centers in China to collaborate to report this collective experience.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Perinatal Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 23
IS  - 3
PG  - 145-148
SP  - 145
EP  - 148
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Advances on presymptomatic or asymptomatic carrier transmission of COVID-19
AU  - GAO, Wenjing
AU  - LI, Liming
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 is rapidly spreading. Patients in incubation period and healthy carriers are possible sources for transmission. However, such sources of infection cannot be effectively identified due to the symptoms absent. The research evidence is very lacking so far, although there are a few studies suggesting that presymptomatic or asymptomatic carrier may cause COVID-19 transmission. Nearly half of the literature is in the state of preprint without peer review. The question of 'the degree to which presymptomatic or asymptomatic infections can transmit' is not fully understood. There is an urgent need to screen infected carriers in larger close contacts or in the general population, and assess their risk for transmission.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 0
PG  - 485-488
SP  - 485
EP  - 488
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Consensus on standardized diagnosis and treatment for osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture patients during epidemic of corona virus disease 2019
AU  - FANG, Zhong
AU  - HE, Baorong
AU  - HAO, Dingjun
AU  - LI, Feng
AU  - YAN, Liang
AU  - GAO, Yanzheng
AU  - FENG, Shiqing
AU  - SUN, Tiansheng
AU  - JIANG, Dianming
AU  - TIAN, Jiwei
AU  - WANG, Huan
AU  - ZHANG, Yingze
AU  - FAN, Shunwu
AU  - ZHU, Yue
AU  - LIANG, Yijian
AU  - TIAN, Yun
AU  - LI, Bo
AU  - JIANG, Weimin
AU  - WANG, Jingye
AU  - MAO, Xiaohui
AU  - ZHU, Changsheng
AU  - LI, Yali
AU  - HE, Lijun
AU  - HE, Yuan
AU  - SHI, Qindong
AU  - LI, Shuixia
AU  - WANG, Jing
AU  - GAO, Zijun
AU  - DONG, Buhuai
AU  - YU, Honghui
AU  - JIANG, Yonghong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, the corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) has been reported in Wuhan, Hubei Province. Almost 70% of patients susceptible to 2019-nCoV are over age of 50 years, with extremely large proportion of critical illness and death of the elderly patients. Meanwhile, the elderly patients are at high risk of osteoporotic fractures especially osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF). During the prevention and control of COVID-19 epidemic, orthopedists are confronted with the following difficulties including how to screen and protect OVCF patients, how to accurately diagnose and assess the condition of OVCF patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19, and how to develop reasonable treatment plans and comprehensive protective measures in emergency and outpatient clinics. In order to standardize the diagnosis and treatment of patients with OVCF diagnosed with COVID-19, the authors jointly develop this expert consensus. The consensus systematically recommends the standardized emergency and outpatient screening and confirmation procedures for OVCF patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 and protective measures for emergency and outpatient clinics. Moreover, the consensus describes the grading and classification of OVCF patients diagnosed with COVID-19 according to the severity of illness and recommends different treatment plans and corresponding protective measures based on the different types and epidemic prevention and control requirements.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Trauma
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 36
IS  - 2
PG  - 117-123
SP  - 117
EP  - 123
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Strategies of strengthening the supporting role of science and technology in public health emergency: A case study on the COVID-19
AU  - DU, Jun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective The research was aimed to discuss the role of science and technology research in the public health emergency response, and to provide theoretical support for building Healthy China, implementing the National Strategy of Innovation-Driven Development. Methods Take COVID-19 as an example, to sum up the characteristics and the function of science and technology research in the public health emergency prevention and control system. Results In order to make the scientific and technological research as the supporting system in public health emergency, we need to strengthen the basic research, to improve the research and development for controlling product with the independent intellectual property, to optimize the training system and evaluating system in public health technology, to deepen the international collaboration and to popularize the basic scientific knowledge. Conclusions Through systematically arrangement for disease controlling and prevention, for the industrial supporting, for the health improvement, for the talent training system and for the cooperation and the communication, we need to fasten the technological innovation for better preparation and responding to public health emergencies.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Medical Science Research Management
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 33
IS  - 0
PG  - E009-E009
SP  - E009
EP  - E009
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Research progress on nucleic acid detection in Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia
AU  - DONG, Zhaogang
AU  - ZOU, Mingjin
AU  - ZHANG, Yi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The prevention and control of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia caused by Novel Coronavirus is at a critical period. Nucleic acid detection, as the definite diagnosis tool, plays an important role in rapid diagnosis, therapeutic efficacy, epidemic prevention and control. However, the disease is outbreak, and the time of nucleic acid detection in clinical application is short. So the insufficient method verification and clinical evaluation has been made. 'False negative' is observed in clinical practice, and the result of nucleic acid detection is not matched with the clinical diagnosis. Therefore, it is urgent to optimize the current methods and improve detection sensitivity. Based on latest studies of Novel Coronavirus, this article reviews the current status and application prospects of nucleic acid detection. Also, this article provides references for clinicians and researchers.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Laboratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 0
PG  - E015-E015
SP  - E015
EP  - E015
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - PCOMM
TI  - Covid-19 Biologic Therapies Reviewed | In the Pipeline
AU  - Derek, Lowe
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://blogs.sciencemag.org/pipeline/archives/2020/03/09/covid-19-biologic-therapies-reviewed
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Value of chest CT screening in the early COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - DENG, Zhiqing
AU  - ZHANG, Xiaochun
AU  - LI, Yirong
AU  - XU, Haibo
AU  - GANG, Yadong
AU  - WANG, Hanlun
AU  - LIAO, Rufang
AU  - JIN, Yinghui
AU  - WANG, Xinghuan
AU  - ZENG, Xiantao
AU  - LUO, Shihua
AU  - PAN, Zhenyu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective In view of the difficulty of the shortage of new coronavirus nucleal acid test in the early COVID-19 outbreak, to explore the application value of chest CT in screening COVID-19 patients. Methods Retrospective analysis was performed on the data of patients with fever who received chest CT and new coronavirus nucleal acid test during January 25, 2020 to February 2, 2020 in Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University. A total of 587 patients were enrolled, including 290 males and 297 females, aged from 11.0 to 96.0 (51.3&plusmn;17.1) years old. Take the nucleic acid test results as the gold standard, the sensitivity, specificity and rate of missed diagnosis of CT screening COVID-19 were calculated. Results Among the 587 patients, there were 433 positive cases (73.8%, 433/587) and 154 negative cases (26.2%, 154/587) of novel coronavirus nucleic acid test. Using CT screening, 494 cases (84.2%, 494/587) were positive and 93 cases (15.8%, 93/587) were negative. The sensitivity of CT screening COVID-19 was 97.7% (423/433), specificity was 53.9% (83/154) and rate of missed diagnosis was 2.3% (10/433). Conclusions In the early COVID-19 outbreak, CT screening has the advantages of high sensitivity and low rate of missed diagnosis of COVID-19, which can compensate for the shortage of new coronavirus nucleal acid test and can be used as the basis for rapid screening for early prevention and control of COVID-19 outbreak.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 0
PG  - E014-E014
SP  - E014
EP  - E014
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Arbidol combined with LPV/r versus LPV/r alone against Corona Virus Disease 2019:a retrospective cohort study
AU  - Deng, Lisi
AU  - Li, Chunna
AU  - Zeng, Qi
AU  - Liu, Xi
AU  - Li, Xinghua
AU  - Zhang, Haitang
AU  - Hong, Zhongsi
AU  - Xia, Jinyu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) due to the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in Wuhan city and rapidly spread throughout China. We aimed to compare arbidol and lopinavir/ritonavir(LPV/r) treatment for patients with COVID-19 with LPV/r only. Methods In this retrospective cohort study, we included adults (age≥18years) with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 without Invasive ventilation, diagnosed between Jan 17, 2020, and Feb 13, 2020. Patients, diagnosed after Jan 17, 2020, were given oral arbidol and LPV/r in the combination group and oral LPV/r only in the monotherapy group for 5–21 days. The primary endpoint was a negative conversion rate of coronavirus from the date of COVID-19 diagnosis(day7, day14), and assessed whether the pneumonia was progressing or improving by chest CT (day7). Results We analyzed 16 patients who received oral arbidol and LPV/r in the combination group and 17 who oral LPV/r only in the monotherapy group, and both initiated after diagnosis. Baseline clinical, laboratory, and chest CT characteristics were similar between groups. The SARS-CoV-2 could not be detected for 12(75%) of 16 patients’ nasopharyngeal specimens in the combination group after seven days, compared with 6 (35%) of 17 in the monotherapy group (p<0•05). After 14 days, 15 (94%) of 16 and 9 (52•9%) of 17, respectively, SARS-CoV-2 could not be detected (p<0•05). The chest CT scans were improving for 11(69%) of 16 patients in the combination group after seven days, compared with 5(29%) of 17 in the monotherapy group (p<0•05). Conclusion In patients with COVID-19, the apparent favorable clinical response with arbidol and LPV/r supports further LPV/r only.
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0163445320301134
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A systematic review on the efficacy and safety of chloroquine for the treatment of COVID-19
AU  - Cortegiani, Andrea
AU  - Ingoglia, Giulia
AU  - Ippolito, Mariachiara
AU  - Giarratano, Antonino
AU  - Einav, Sharon
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Purpose COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) is a public health emergency of international concern. As of this time, there is no known effective pharmaceutical treatment, although it is much needed for patient contracting the severe form of the disease. The aim of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence regarding chloroquine for the treatment of COVID-19. Methods PubMed, EMBASE, and three trial Registries were searched for studies on the use of chloroquine in patients with COVID-19. Results We included six articles (one narrative letter, one in-vitro study, one editorial, expert consensus paper, two national guideline documents) and 23 ongoing clinical trials in China. Chloroquine seems to be effective in limiting the replication of SARS-CoV-2 (virus causing COVID-19) in vitro. Conclusions There is rationale, pre-clinical evidence of effectiveness and evidence of safety from long-time clinical use for other indications to justify clinical research on chloroquine in patients with COVID-19. However, clinical use should either adhere to the Monitored Emergency Use of Unregistered Interventions (MEURI) framework or be ethically approved as a trial as stated by the World Health Organization. Safety data and data from high-quality clinical trials are urgently needed.
JO  - Journal of Critical Care
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrc.2020.03.005
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0883944120303907
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Medical management and prevention instruction of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease during the coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic
AU  - Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease group of Chinese Thoracic, Society
AU  - Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease committee of Chinese Association of Chest, Physician
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Currently, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was of clustering onset in China and challenging to the Chinese healthcare system. Epidemiological data showed that the older patients with chronic commodities were at high risk of the involvement of the severe and critical type of COVID-19, especially patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) resulting in high mortalities. There were nearly 100 million COPD patients in China, and most of them were the elderly. Once infected with COVID-19, it would be life-threatening for the COPD patients. Therefore, during the epidemic, it was of vital significance for us to attach great importance to optimize the management of COPD patients. Based on these considerations, the COPD Group of the Chinese Thoracic Society (CTS) and the COPD working Committee of the Chinese Association of Chest Physicians (CACP) altogether drafted the instruction for medical management and prevention of COPD during the COVID-19 epidemic period for the healthcare practitioner and patients.
JO  - Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 0
PG  - E034-E034
SP  - E034
EP  - E034
AN  - 32153171
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20200227-00201
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32153171
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Thoughts and suggestions on modern construction of disease prevention and control system
AU  - CHENG, Jin Quan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The critical period for the prevention and control of novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) in China, in response to requirements for accelerating the modernization of the disease prevention and control system, we analyzed and summarized the current situation, existing problems, and deficiencies in China's modernization of disease prevention and control system. In addition, we put forward the contents and countermeasures for the modernization of the disease prevention and control system. The modernization of the disease prevention and control system should be built around governance modernization, talent modernization, equipment modernization, scientific research modernization, and modernization of the regulatory system. The countermeasures and suggestions need to reposition the disease prevention and control system, rationalize the management system and operating mechanism, strengthen the modernization of talents and equipment, strengthen scientific research on disease prevention and control, and further improve the disease prevention and control legal system.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 5
PG  - 1-5
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prediction of the SARS-CoV-2 (2019-nCoV) 3C-like protease (3CLpro) structure: virtual screening reveals velpatasvir, ledipasvir, and other drug repurposing candidates
AU  - Chen, Yu Wai
AU  - Yiu, Chin-Pang Bennu
AU  - Wong, Kwok-Yin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p> We prepared the three-dimensional model of the SARS-CoV-2 (aka 2019-nCoV) 3C-like protease (3CL <sup>pro</sup> ) using the crystal structure of the highly similar (96% identity) ortholog from the SARS-CoV. All residues involved in the catalysis, substrate binding and dimerisation are 100% conserved. Comparison of the polyprotein PP1AB sequences showed 86% identity. The 3C-like cleavage sites on the coronaviral polyproteins are highly conserved. Based on the near-identical substrate specificities and high sequence identities, we are of the opinion that some of the previous progress of specific inhibitors development for the SARS-CoV enzyme can be conferred on its SARS-CoV-2 counterpart.  With the 3CL <sup>pro</sup> molecular model, we performed virtual screening for purchasable drugs and proposed 16 candidates for consideration. Among these, the antivirals ledipasvir or velpatasvir are particularly attractive as therapeutics to combat the new coronavirus with minimal side effects, commonly fatigue and headache.  The drugs Epclusa (velpatasvir/sofosbuvir) and Harvoni (ledipasvir/sofosbuvir) could be very effective owing to their dual inhibitory actions on two viral enzymes. </p>
JO  - F1000Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 
PG  - 129-129
SP  - 129
EP  - 129
AN  - 
DO  - 10.12688/f1000research.22457.1
UR  - https://f1000research.com/articles/9-129/v1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Incidence trend of 2019 novel coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) in China
AU  - CHEN, Yi fan
AU  - CAO, Guang wen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To investigate the epidemical characteristics and analyze the incidence trend of 2019 novel coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) in China. Methods The daily new confirmed cases of 2019 novel coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) in China from January 25 to February 8,2020 were collected for epidemiological descriptive analysis. Results During the period from January 25 to February 8, 2020, the number of daily new confirmed cases fell for five consecutive days, from 890 cases on February 3 to 509 cases on February 8. Conclusion The incidence of 2019 novel coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) slowed down in 30 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government) except Hubei and Xinjiang production and construction corps , but the overall situation is still not optimistic. It is imperative to pay close attention to the origin and destination of migrant workers and the incidence of disease in various areas, and take targeted measures to strengthen prevention and control of the disease.
JO  - Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 32
IS  - 2
PG  - E007-E007
SP  - E007
EP  - E007
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preliminary study on exploring the trajectory of patients with COVID-19 by Data mining algorithms
AU  - CHEN, Shuliang
AU  - ZHANG, Ce
AU  - REN, Ping
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To explore data mining methods and tools for the activity paths of confirmed patients, and provide data analysis tools for epidemic control. Methods The data used came from the trajectory data of confirmed cases collected by Tencent. The jieba word segmentation and word cloud map function of Python 3.6 were used to calculate the high-frequency vocabulary in the trajectory of confirmed patients. The epidemic prevention and control strategy was developed based on the high-frequency vocabulary. Results Taking Guangdong Province, the second most confirmed patients in the country, as an example, the key areas of epidemic control obtained through data mining involve Wuhan (epidemiological history), Zhuhai and Guangzhou. The key control activities include family visiting, traveling and shopping. Means of transportation include self-driving, trains and airplanes; the key patients studied were Li and Ding; the symptoms of this patient group were mainly fever and cough. Conclusions The data mining algorithm in this paper can provide an advantageous tool for epidemic prevention and control, also assist frontline personnel to adjust the deployment of epidemic prevention and control according to their priorities.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Medical Science Research Management
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 33
IS  - 0
PG  - E005-E005
SP  - E005
EP  - E005
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical features of 109 cases of novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - CHEN, Shi
AU  - WU, Juan Juan
AU  - LI, Ming Zhi
AU  - XU, Di Zhi
AU  - ZHU, Yang Zi
AU  - WANG, Hai Chuan
AU  - LI, Hong Cheng
AU  - HE, Peng Cheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To observe theepidemiology, clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, imaging findings, treatment and prognosis of patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia. Methods Clinical data of 109 patients with suspected and definite novel coronavirus pneumonia admitted to Wuhan Sixth Hospital from December 24, 2019 to January 28, 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Statistical analysiswas performed by using t test or chi-square test. Results Among the 109 patients, 48 (44%) were male and 61 (56%) were female, with the average age of (52.5&plusmn;10.8) years. Fifty-four patients (49.5%) had definite contact history. Among the 109 patients, 104 (95.5%) presentedwith fever, 37(33.7%) with headache, 78 (71.9%) with general pain, 88 (80.8%) with fatigue and poor appetite, 23 (21.3%) with diarrhea, 94 (86.5%) withcoughing, 23 (21.3%) with shortness of breath, 57 (52.8%) withpalpitation, 45 (41.5%) with chest distress, 4 (3.3%) with chest pain, 40 (37.0%) with lung rales. Forty-two cases (38.5%) had leukocyte count &lt;4&times;10 9 /L, 58 cases (53.2%) had lymphocyte count &lt;1.5&times;10 9 /L, 7 cases (24.8%) had hemoglobin &lt;120g/L, 37 cases(33.9%) had LDH &gt;230 mmol/L, 29 cases (26.6%) had brain natriuretic peptide precursor&gt;300 ng/mL, 87 cases (79.8%) had hypersensitive C-reactive protein &gt;10mg/L, 26 cases (23.9%) had D-dimer &gt;0.5 mg/L, 35 cases (32.1%) had coagulation disorder. The leukocyte counts, LDH, brain natriuretic peptide precursor and D-dimer of severe/critical cases[(11.33&plusmn;4.87)&times;10 9 /L, (527.51&plusmn;260.87) mmol/L, (722.88&plusmn;189.56) ng/mL, (1.89&plusmn;4.24) mg/L, respectively] were all significantly higher than those of common cases [(4.02&plusmn;1.49)&times;10 9 /L, (159.75&plusmn;30.31)mmol/L, (428.22&plusmn;124.76)ng/mLand (0.41&plusmn;0.22)mg/L, respectively], while the lymphocyte count of severe/critical cases [(0.60&plusmn;0.17)&times;10 9 /L] was significantly lower than common cases [(1.13&plusmn;0.43)&times;10 9 /L] ( t =11.36, 11.33,9.81,2.81 and 7.77,all P &lt;0.05). On admission, chest CT showed that 27 cases (24.8%) of pneumonia were unilateral, 82 cases (75.2%) werebilateral, and most of them were ground glass. The pneumonia progressed in a short time and reached the peak within 10 days. The comprehensive treatment included antiviral drugs, prevention ofbacterialinfection and supportive treatment, and glucocorticoid and respiratory support treatment wereadministrated when necessary. Conclusions The novel coronavirus pneumonia is characterized by highly&nbsp;infectious, rapid progress, and diverse clinical and imaging features. Early diagnosis and active comprehensive treatment could improve theprognosis and reduce themortality.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 38
IS  - 0
PG  - E015-E015
SP  - E015
EP  - E015
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pregnant women with new coronavirus infection: a clinical characteristics and placental pathological analysis of three cases
AU  - CHEN, Shuo
AU  - HUANG, Bo
AU  - LUO, Danju
AU  - LI, Xiang
AU  - YANG, Fan
AU  - ZHAO, Yin
AU  - NIE, Xiu
AU  - HUANG, Bangxing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and placental pathology of 2019-nCoV infection in pregnancy, and to evaluate intrauterine vertical transmission potential of 2019-nCoV infection. Methods The placentas delivered from pregnant women with confirmed 2019-nCoV infection which were received in the Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology collected by February 4th, 2020 and retrospectively studied. Their clinical material including placental tissue and lung CT, and laboratory results were collected, meanwhile, nucleic acid detection of 2019-nCoV of the placentas were performed by RT-PCR. Results Three placentas delivered from pregnant women with confirmed 2019-nCoV infection, who were all in their third trimester with emergency caesarean section. All of the three patients presented with fever (one before caesarean and two in postpartum), and had no significant leukopenia and lymphopenia. Neonatal throat swabs from three newborns were tested for 2019-nCoV, and all samples were negative for the nucleic acid of 2019-nCoV. One premature infant was transferred to Department of Neonatology due to low birth weight. By the end of February 25, 2020, none of the three patients developed severe 2019-nCoV pneumonia or died(two patients had been cured and discharged, while another one had been transferred to a square cabin hospital for isolation treatment). There were various degrees of fibrin deposition inside and around the villi with local syncytial nodule increases in all three placentas. One case of placenta showed the concomitant morphology of chorionic hemangioma and another one with massive placental infarction. No pathological change of villitis and chorioamnionitis was observed in our observation of three cases. All samples from three placentas were negative for the nucleic acid of 2019-nCoV. Conclusions The clinical characteristics of pregnant women with 2019-nCoV infection in late pregnancy are similar to those of non-pregnant patients, and no severe adverse pregnancy outcome is found in the 3 cases of our observation. Pathological study suggests that there are no morphological changes related to infection in the three placentas. Currently no evidence for intrauterine vertical transmission of 2019-nCoV is found in the three women infected by 2019-nCoV in their late pregnancy.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Pathology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 49
IS  - 0
PG  - E005-E005
SP  - E005
EP  - E005
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 with acute cerebral infarction: one case report
AU  - CHEN, Shengcai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 is caused by the 2019 novel coronavirus, which is characterized by hidden onset, long incubation period, and high contagion. The study found that the COVID-19 not only attacks the respiratory system, but also affects other systems such as the heart, kidney, and digestive tract, and could be combined with multiple system diseases such as acute cerebrovascular disease. If doctors, especially non-infective or respiratory doctors, do not pay great attention to the patient when they are receiving patients, and take good care of them, they may easily cause their own infection. This article summarizes the case of a concealed onset COVID-19 patient with cerebral infarction, which caused a medical staff infection after intravenous thrombolytic therapy, explores its clinical characteristics, treatment process and analyzes its prevention and control links to help the epidemic situation. In the prevention and control, the first-time doctor should pay attention to identification, reduce missed diagnosis, and scientific investigation to reduce occupational infection.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Neurology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 53
IS  - 0
PG  - E002-E002
SP  - E002
EP  - E002
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - PCOMM
TI  - Keep up with the latest coronavirus research
AU  - Chen, Qingyu
AU  - Allot, Alexis
AU  - Lu, Zhiyong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 193-193
SP  - 193
EP  - 193
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00694-1
UR  - http://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00694-1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Asymptomatic novel coronavirus pneumonia presenting as acute cerebral infarction:case report and review of the literature
AU  - CHEN, Chen
AU  - KANG, Jian
AU  - LOU, Shuang
AU  - ZHANG, Jinsong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - An outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia that began in Wuhan, China, has spread rapidly in December 2019, with cases now confirmed in multiple countries. As the number of cases increases, we pay more and more attention to asymptomatic novel coronavirus pneumonia,We report the first case of Asymptomatic novel coronavirus pneumonia presenting as acute cerebral infarction and describe the identification, diagnosis, clinical course, and emergency treatment, including. This case highlights the the importance of emergency medical teams in initial assessment of emergency public health emergencies, as well as the necessary of the emergency chest CT for screening asymptomatic novel coronavirus pneumonia.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 29
IS  - 0
PG  - E017-E017
SP  - E017
EP  - E017
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - PCOMM
TI  - Pediatric Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) Infection – UAE | Directory of Open Access Journals
AU  - ChandrasekharNair2R.Hashmey, AlKindi S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Introduction In 2012, MERS-CoV was identified in Saudi Arabia and resulted in more than 2442 confirmed cases worldwide by May 2019. MERS-CoV infection in children is less common. A review of MERS-CoV in children from 2012 to April 2016 summarized the clinical manifestation of 31 reported cases. Most children were asymptomatic or had mild respiratory symptoms, and severe infection reported in patients with comorbid conditions. We aimed to study the clinical characteristics of pediatric MERS CoV infected cases in UAE supported by literature review.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 372-372
SP  - 372
EP  - 372
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://doaj.org/article/b846d82f42704d1fa2e531446792e64c
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How monkeys, mice and ferrets are helping scientists to fight coronavirus
AU  - Callaway, Ewen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00698-x
SP  - 10.1038/d41586
EP  - 020
AN  - 32152596
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00698-x
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32152596
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Diagnosis and rational approach to emergency vascular surgery in the shadow of novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - BAI, Jun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To explore a safe, effective and rapid rescue method and key points for the management of vascular surgical emergencies in an area under guaranting Covid-19 (corona virus disease 2019) . Methods Under the guidance of COVID-19 diagnosis and treatment guidelines , 4 cases of vascular surgical emergency patients admitted to our department from Feb 1 to Feb 10, 2020 were screened for COVID-19 and given emergency vascular surgical treatment. Results Two patients had acute thoracic aortic dissection, one patient had acute left foot ulcer with infection, one patient had severe carotid artery stenosis and frequent TIA. All patients were diagnosed quickly according to the three-level triage process. Endovascular repair (TEVAR) was performed in 2 cases, carotid stenting in 1 case, and left foot amputation in 1 case. Two patients running postoperative fever below 38&#8451; were safely excluded COVID-19 and cured. There were no other major morbidities nor mortality. Conclusions Under the COVID-19 prevention and control guidelines, the establishing of a comprehensive prevention and control system of patient-medicine-care-management helps to perform confine operation on vascular surgical emergency.
JO  - Chinese Journal of General Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 35
IS  - 0
PG  - E002-E002
SP  - E002
EP  - E002
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How health anxiety influences responses to viral outbreaks like COVID-19: What all decision-makers, health authorities, and health care professionals need to know
AU  - Asmundson, Gordon J. G.
AU  - Taylor, Steven
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Anxiety Disorders
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 102211-102211
SP  - 102211
EP  - 102211
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2020.102211
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0887618520300256
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Presents High Risk to Older Persons
AU  - Applegate, William B.
AU  - Ouslander, Joseph G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Not Avail.
JO  - Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jgs.16426
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.16426
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Resource Poor Countries Ought To Focus On Early Detection And Containment Of Novel Corona Virus At The Point Of Entry
AU  - Acharya, Krishna Prasad
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cegh.2020.03.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213398420300683
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Expert consensus on clinical diagnosis and treatment in foot and ankle surgery department during the epidemic of novel coronavirus pneumonia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus pneumonia (coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19) is an acute respiratory tract infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2). It is characterized by untypical clinical symptoms, long incubation period, concealment and strong infectivity. Patients usually have no specific symptoms at the early stage, or even have no symptoms, but they are infectious. The main route of the disease is droplet and contact transmission, and there is the possibility of transmission of fecal mouth and gas thrombolysis. In the diagnosis and treatment process of outpatient and inpatient in foot and ankle surgery department, detailed consultation, strict physical examination and full contact with patients are needed, so the risk of cross infection is very high. To prevent and control of cross infection from patient to patient, patient to medical staff, or medical staff to each other, the paper aims to introduce the preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative prevention and control program in the process of diagnosis and treatment. At the same time, based on abundant clinical experience of dealing with COVID-19 from medical staffs and evidence-based therapies, many experts discussed sufficiently and eventually reached the expert consensus on clinical diagnosis and treatment in foot and ankle surgery department. It can provide some references for medical staffs to avoid cross infection of COVID-19.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Orthopaedics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 40
IS  - 5
PG  - 260-268
SP  - 260
EP  - 268
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Expert consensus on diagnosis and treatment of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection with acute kidney injury
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 is a newly discovered class B infectious disease. It is characterized by virus infected pneumonia, accompanying with dysfunction in multiple organs including kidney, heart, blood, and nerve system. Since its outbreak in China in December 2019, COVID-19 has now spread to more than 20 countries and regions all over the world, and World Health Organization (WHO) has declared it as a public health emergency of international concern. COVID-19, like previous severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), is also caused by coronavirus infection, and acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the important complications of the disease. Timely prevention and treatment of AKI is critical for patients with COVID-19. Here the Chinese Society of Nephrology organized a group of experts in nephrology to summarize the features of COVID-19 related AKI including epidemiological and clinical characteristics, and more importantly, to propose suggestions on diagnosis and treatment of this highly contagious disease. It is our hope to raise clinical concern about management of AKI so as to improve the outcome of patients with COVID-19.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Nephrology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 36
IS  - 0
PG  - E005-E005
SP  - E005
EP  - E005
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Expert consensus on rehabilitation practice during outbreaks of the novel coronavirus pneumonia and other infectious respiratory diseases
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of the novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP), an acute infectious respiratory disease in Wuhan, China in December 2019, which was officially named COVID-19 by WHO, has caused enormous burden on society and health services. To ensure safe rehabilitation practice during the epidemic, the Chinese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine formed an expert group to develop a consensus statement for rehabilitation practice. The consensus statement provides guidance on: (1) safeguarding medical staff, patients, caregivers and visitors; and (2) timing and methods of effective rehabilitation interventions for treatment of COVID-19 patients. It also emphasizes that non-COVID-19 patients still require rehabilitation intervention during the epidemic outbreak, bearing in mind the safety of staff and patients and making adaptations according to the individual conditions and the patients&prime; actual environment. This expert consensus statement applies to departments of rehabilitation medicine and related disciplines in general hospitals as well as to specialized rehabilitation facilities, and it provides valuable reference for rehabilitation professionals working with infectious respiratory diseases in the future.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 42
IS  - 0
PG  - E001-E001
SP  - E001
EP  - E001
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Syndromic surveillance system for MERS-CoV as new early warning and identification approach
AU  - Salamatbakhsh, Maryam
AU  - Mobaraki, Kazhal
AU  - Ahmadzadeh, Jamal
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Salamatbakhsh M, Mobaraki K, Ahmadzadeh J. Risk Manag Healthc Policy. 2020;13:93&ndash; 95.The authors have advised that the date shown on page 93, main text, line 5 &ldquo; 23.09.2017 to 26.07.2019&rdquo; should read &ldquo; 23.09.2012 to 26.07.2019&rdquo;. The authors apologize for this error.Read the original article
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 13
IS  - 
PG  - 93-95
SP  - 93
EP  - 95
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2147/RMHP.S239984
UR  - https://doaj.org/article/deb625af61ee4cb1b20b079a8851116a
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - PCOMM
TI  - Covid-19: What’s the current advice for UK doctors?
AU  - Rimmer, Abi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - UK employers have a legal obligation under the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 to protect staff from harm. And the Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations place a duty to carry out individual risk assessments to identify hazards, quantify risks, and put suitable controls in place, says Steven Nimmo, editor of the Occupational Medicine Journal . “If the risk assessment establishes that personal protective equipment (PPE) is required then your employer must provide it, properly fit it, and provide suitable instruction and training in its use,” he says. Public Health England’s guidance says that clinicians preparing to assess a patient with suspected covid-19 must wear PPE, which as a minimum should be a correctly fitted FFP3 respirator, gown, gloves, and eye protection.1 Doctors seeing patients with confirmed covid-19 must wear full PPE, including a FFP3 respirator, disposable eye protection, and preferably a visor, a long sleeved disposable gown, and gloves, PHE says. For symptomatic, unconfirmed patients, doctors should wear a fluid resistant surgical mask, gloves, apron and eye protection if there is a risk of splashing into the eyes, PHE recommends.2 “Pregnant women and children are not at high risk,” Nimmo says. “But the above legal obligations still apply. Immunosuppressed people may well be …[TRUNCATED]
JO  - 
PB  - British Medical Journal Publishing Group
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - m978-m978
SP  - m978
EP  - m978
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m978
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m978
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: UK trade talks with EU must not hinder cooperation in tackling threat, BMA warns
AU  - Rimmer, Abi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A post-Brexit trade agreement between the UK and the European Union must maximise cooperation to ensure that pandemic threats such as covid-19 can be tackled effectively, the BMA has said. The BMA’s chair of council, Chaand Nagpaul, said in a letter to the UK prime minister, Boris Johnson, that any agreement must not reduce the ability of UK organisations and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control to cooperate for …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m988-m988
SP  - m988
EP  - m988
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m988
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m988
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemiological analysis on a family cluster of COVID-19
AU  - QIU, Yuanying
AU  - WANG, Songqiang
AU  - WANG, Xiaoli
AU  - LU, Weixia
AU  - QIAO, Dan
AU  - LI, Jianbin
AU  - GU, Yuanyuan
AU  - ZENG, Yan
AU  - CHEN, Ying
AU  - BAI, Weizhi
AU  - XU, Bianli
AU  - HAN, Tongwu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To understand the possible transmission route of a family cluster of COVID-19 in Zhengzhou and the potential infectivity of COVID-19 in incubation period, and provide scientific evidence for the timely control of infectious source and curb the spread of the epidemic. Methods Epidemiological investigation was conducted for a family cluster of COVID-19 (8 cases) with descriptive epidemiological method, and respiratory tract samples of the cases were collected for the nucleic acid detection of 2019-nCoV by RT-PCR. Results Two primary cases, which occurred on 31 January and 1 February, 2020, respectively, had a common exposure history in Wuhan. The other six family members had onsets on 30 January, 31 January, 1 February (three cases) and 3 February, 2020. Conclusions In this family cluster of COVID-19, six family members were infected through common family exposure to the 2 primary cases. Five secondary cases had onsets earlier than or on the same day as the primary cases, indicating that COVID-19 is contagious in incubation period, and the home isolation in the early phase of the epidemic might lead to the risk of family cluster of COVID-19.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 4
PG  - 506-509
SP  - 506
EP  - 509
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Investigation and analysis of the psychological status of the clinical nurses in a class A hospital facing the novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - PU, Jia
AU  - LI, Guirong
AU  - CAO, Lulu
AU  - WU, Yuanchen
AU  - XU, Linglin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To investigate the psychological status of clinical nurses in a class A hospital facing the novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP), in order to provide effective psychological and social intervention. Methods A total of 867 clinical nurses were randomly selected from the Mianyang Central Hospital. The general information questionnaire, standard self-assessment anxiety scale (SAS) and crisis intervention classification assessment scale (TAF) were used to conduct self-assessment questionnaire survey. Then the data were analyzed by the SPSS22.0 software. Results 38.8% of the nurses had a low risk of infection, 18.0% of them had a medium risk, 29.6% had a medium high risk, and 13.6% had a high risk. The SAS scores of clinical nurses in this hospital were statistically significant different, compared with the Chinese norm value ( P &lt;0.05). The difference between TAF score and the degree of crisis response of nursing students in SARS period was statistically significant ( P &lt;0.05). The majority of clinical nurses had less crisis response to NCP, with 80.7% of them suffered mild cognitive, emotional and behavioral damage, and only 2.0% suffered severe damage. Analysis of related factors showed that department, self-test risk of infection, length of service had significant influence on SAS and TAF scores of clinical nurses ( P &lt;0.05). Conclusion During the period of NCP prevalence, no obvious anxiety and crisis reaction among clinical nurses is found in the third grade hospital. However, the psychological changes of clinical nurses with middle-age, from key epidemic prevention departments and in high risk of self-test infection are more likely to produce anxiety and crisis reaction. Therefore, appropriate and timely psychological intervention should be given.
JO  - Chongqing Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 49
IS  - 0
PG  - E015-E015
SP  - E015
EP  - E015
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical characteristics and outcomes of 112 cardiovascular disease patients infected by 2019-nCoV
AU  - PENG, Yudong
AU  - MENG, Kai
AU  - GUAN, Hongquan
AU  - LENG, Liang
AU  - ZHU, Ruirui
AU  - WANG, Boyuan
AU  - HE, Meian
AU  - CHENG, Longxian
AU  - HUANG, Kai
AU  - ZENG, Qiutang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To explore the clinical characteristics and prognosis of the new coronavirus 2019-nCoV patients combined with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 112 COVID-19 patients with CVD admitted to the western district of Union Hospital in Wuhan, from January 20, 2020 to February 15, 2020. They were divided into critical group (ICU, n =16) and general group ( n =96) according to the severity of the disease and patients were followed up to the clinical endpoint. The observation indicators included total blood count, C-reactive protein (CRP), arterial blood gas analysis, myocardial injury markers, coagulation function, liver and kidney function, electrolyte, procalcitonin (PCT), B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), blood lipid, pulmonary CT and pathogen detection. Results Compared with the general group, the lymphocyte count (0.74&times;10 9 (0.34&times;10 9 , 0.94&times;10 9 )/L vs. 0.99&times;10 9 (0.71&times;10 9 , 1.29&times;10 9 )/L, P =0.03) was extremely lower in the critical group, CRP (106.98 (81.57, 135.76) mg/L vs. 34.34 (9.55,76.54) mg/L, P &lt;0.001) and PCT (0.20 (0.15,0.48) &mu;g/L vs. 0.11 (0.06,0.20)&mu;g/L, P &lt;0.001) were significantly higher in the critical group. The BMI of the critical group was significantly higher than that of the general group (25.5 (23.0, 27.5) kg/m 2 vs. 22.0 (20.0, 24.0) kg/m 2 , P =0.003). Patients were further divided into non-survivor group (17, 15.18%) group and survivor group (95, 84.82%). Among the non-survivors, there were 88.24% (15/17) patients with BMI&gt; 25 kg/m 2 , which was significantly higher than that of survivors (18.95% (18/95), P &lt;0.001). Compared with the survived patients, oxygenation index (130 (102, 415) vs. 434 (410, 444), P &lt;0.001) was significantly lower and lactic acid (1.70 (1.30, 3.00) mmol/L vs. 1.20 (1.10, 1.60) mmol/L, P &lt;0.001) was significantly higher in the non-survivors. There was no significant difference in the proportion of ACEI/ARB medication between the critical group and the general group or between non-survivors and survivors (all P &gt;0.05). Conclusion COVID-19 patients combined with CVD are associated with a higher risk of mortality. Critical patients are characterized with lower lymphocyte counts. Higher BMI are more often seen in critical patients and non-survivor. ACEI/ARB use does not affect the morbidity and mortality of COVID-19 combined with CVD. Aggravating causes of death include fulminant inflammation, lactic acid accumulation and thrombotic events.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Cardiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 48
IS  - 0
PG  - E004-E004
SP  - E004
EP  - E004
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - Nathan Ford (2020-03-19 07:55:09)(Included): Duplicate; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Retrospective study of low-to-moderate dose glucocorticoids on viral clearance in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - NI, Qin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To study the effect of&nbsp;low-to-moderate dose glucocorticoid therapy on viral clearance time in patients with COVID-19. Methods A total of 72 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 from January 19 to February 17, 2020 at the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University were recruited. All patients received oral abidol and/or combined lopinavir/ritonavir, darunavir antiviral, and symptomatic supportive care. Among them, 51 patients received methylprednisolone (0.75-1.50 mg&middot;kg -1 &middot;d -1 ) (glucocorticoid treatment group), and 21 patients who did not use glucocorticoid were the control group. The time of stable virologic conversion insputumand the time of radiologic recovery in lungsince onset were compared between the two groups and among the normal patients.The Kruskal-Wallis test or Fisher exact test was used to compare the difference between groups. Results The median ages of the glucocorticoid group and the control group were 52 [interquartile range (IQR):45, 62] years and 46 (IQR: 32, 56)years, and the differences were significant ( P &lt;0.05). The clinical conditions at hospital admission were different between the two groups ( P &lt;0.01). There were 52.0% critical ill patients in the glucocorticoid treatment group, compared to that of 71.4% normal patients in the control group. The median times from the onset tostable virologic conversion to negative in the two groups were 15 (IQR:13,20) days and 14 (IQR:12,20) days ( P &gt;0.05), and the difference was no statistically significant. The median times from onset to radiologic recovery were 13 (IQR: 11,15) days and 13 (IQR:12,17) days in the two groups, and there was no difference ( P &gt;0.05). In ordinary patients, the median timesfrom the onset tostable virologic conversion insputum were no difference ( P &gt;0.05), with 13 (IQR:11,18) days in the glucocorticoid group and 13 (IQR:12,15) days in the control group; The median times from onset to radiologic recovery in lungwere also no difference ( P &gt;0.05), with 12 (IQR: 10,15)days in the glucocorticoid group and 13 (IQR: 12,17) days inthe control group. Conclusions Low-to-moderate glucocorticoid treatment has no effect on the time of virus clearance in patients with different clinical types of COVID-19. The glucocorticoid is not recommended since no effectiveness on accelerating the improvement of radiologic recovery in lung has been observed.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 13
IS  - 0
PG  - E009-E009
SP  - E009
EP  - E009
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - PCOMM
TI  - COVID-19: time for WHO to reconsider its stance towards Taiwan
AU  - Nelson, Chase W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 193-193
SP  - 193
EP  - 193
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00693-2
UR  - http://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00693-2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Practical exploration of paperless medical records for COVID-19 : Tongji Hospital as an example
AU  - NAI, Cunjian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - December 2019 witnessed the outbreak of COVID-19 in Wuhan city and its rapid spread to other parts of China, and overseas as well. Tongji Hospital, as a designated hospital for treatment of critically ill patients, shoulders the diagnosis and treatment tasks of numerous critically ill patients of such a disease. For the purpose of handling their medical records and effectively preventing the nosocomial infection of the disease, the hospital puts in place both the electronic signature system of patients based on a Wechat applet and a paperless medical record total solution based on the data center. These measures overcome the challenges incurred by patients&rsquo; signature on paper-based records and medical records archiving during the epidemic. On the other hand, they can not only downsize the paper-based medical records, minimize the risk of infection caused by paper-based medical records via contacts, but also effectively save the hospital of its operating costs and improve its efficiency of clinical work.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Hospital Administration
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 36
IS  - 0
PG  - E010-E010
SP  - E010
EP  - E010
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Manifestaciones neuroftalmológicas como complicación de una infección por Mycoplasma pneumoniae y desarrollo posterior de una encefalitis aguda diseminada
AU  - Molero-Senosiain, M.
AU  - Domingo-Gordo, B.
AU  - Fernández Cabrera, C.
AU  - Hernández-García, E.
AU  - Gómez de Liaño, R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Resumen El objetivo es describir dos cuadros clínicos neuroftalmológicos en niños por infección sistémica por Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae). Se presentan los casos de dos niñas de 14 y 12 años que acudieron a urgencias: la primera con oftalmoplejía internuclear y la segunda con pérdida de visión y cefalea. No presentaban otra focalidad neurológica. En la imagen de resonancia magnética se evidenciaron placas hiperintensas en ambas, sugerentes de cuadro desmielinizante. Al mes, los síntomas neuroftalmológicos se resolvieron y las resonancias magnéticas de control fueron normales. El diagnóstico fue encefalitis diseminada aguda secundaria a M. pneumoniae. El diagnóstico se hace por PCR (gold standard) y/o IgM en serología. Es importante pensar en esta posible etiología ante casos sugerentes de enfermedad desmielinizante. Existe controversia sobre el papel de los antibióticos y si se contemplan los corticoides. Como conclusión, M. pneumoniae debe ser diagnóstico diferencial en afectaciones neuroftalmológicas agudas en niños. The purpose of this article is to describe two paediatric neuro-ophthalmological clinical cases caused by a systemic infection due to Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae). The cases are two girls aged 14 and 12 seen in the Emergency Department: The first one had internuclear ophthalmoplegia and second with loss of vision and headache. They had no other neurological foci. Magnetic resonance imaging showed hyperintense plaques in both, suggestive of a demyelinating disease. One month later, the neuro-ophthalmological symptoms resolved, with normal follow-up magnetic resonance imagings. The diagnosis was acute disseminated encephalitis secondary to M. pneumoniae. The diagnosis was made using PCR (gold standard) and/or IgM in serology. It is important to think about this possible aetiology in cases of suggestive demyelinating disease. There is controversy about the role of antibiotics and on whether corticosteroids are contemplated. In conclusion, M. pneumoniae must be a differential diagnosis in acute neuro-ophthalmological disorders in children.
JO  - Archivos de la Sociedad Española de Oftalmología
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oftal.2020.01.009
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0365669120300368
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - PCOMM
TI  - How an Australian researcher ended up in the spotlight at a White House coronavirus briefing | Science | AAAS
AU  - Malakoff, David
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - When Craig Dalton heard that his name came up at a nationally televised White House press briefing Monday, the medical epidemiologist at the University of Newcastle in Australia says, “I didn’t believe it.” Dalton did a quick web search and his disbelief transformed into amazement. “Turned out, it was actually true,” he told ScienceInsider. Dalton’s unexpected moment in the media spotlight came as Deborah Birx, the White House’s coronavirus response coordinator, and Anthony Fauci, head of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, stepped to the White House lectern to describe a new set of guidelines that the U.S. government would distribute as part of its effort to slow the spread of the illness caused by the novel coronavirus in the United States.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
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EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/03/how-australian-researcher-ended-spotlight-white-house-coronavirus-briefing
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: Portugal closes all medical schools after 31 cases confirmed in the country
AU  - Mahase, Elisabeth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Portugal has temporarily closed all its medical schools in an attempt to slow the transmission of covid-19, after 39 cases were confirmed (as of 10 March). The decision was announced by the National Council of Medical Schools as a way of reducing contact between students and teachers who treat patients. Around 12 500 students are affected. The move follows the Italian government’s decision to close all schools and universities across the country. Compared with Portugal, however, Italy has significantly more cases with over 9000 confirmed and …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m986-m986
SP  - m986
EP  - m986
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m986
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m986
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - On a knife's edge of a COVID-19 pandemic: is containment still possible?
AU  - MacIntyre, C. Raina
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Public Health Res Pract
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 30
IS  - 1
PG  - 3012000
SP  - 3012000
EP  - 
AN  - 32152612
DO  - 10.17061/phrp3012000
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32152612
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Management and clinical thinking of Coronavirus Disease 2019
AU  - MA, Ke
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, the 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP, officially named Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-19) by the World Health Organization) broke out in Wuhan, Hubei, and it quickly spread to the whole country and abroad. The situation was at stake. The sudden and serious COVID-19 epidemic has brought us a lot of urgent problems. How to effectively control the spread of COVID-19? When does the population infection rate rise to its peak? What will eventually be the number of infected patients? How to make early diagnosis? What effective antiviral drugs are available? How to effectively treat with existing drugs? Can it successfully improve the survival rate of critically patients? In response to the above questions, we put forward corresponding suggestions and reflections from the perspective of the infectious clinician.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Hepatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 28
IS  - 0
PG  - E002-E002
SP  - E002
EP  - E002
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Washing our hands of the problem
AU  - Lynch, Chris
AU  - Mahida, Nikunj
AU  - Oppenheim, Beryl
AU  - Gray, Jim
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Hospital Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2020.03.010
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0195670120301092
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical analysis of 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) on one case with living-related kidney transplantation
AU  - LU, Xia
AU  - MING, Changsheng
AU  - WEN, Zhixiang
AU  - QIU, Liru
AU  - XU, Shuyun
AU  - CHEN, Tao
AU  - NING, Qin
AU  - LUO, Xiaoping
AU  - CHEN, Zhishui
AU  - GONG, Nianqiao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of one living-related kidney transplant recipient infected with 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) . Method The clinical diagnosis and treatment of one relative renal transplant recipient after the occurrence of COVID-19 were analyzed retrospectively, including the course of onset, clinical manifestations, blood routine test, renal function, lung CT scan, nucleic acid detection, outpatient and inpatient therapies and outcomes. Result The case was diagnosed as COVID-19 (severe type) with influenza A virus infection. The clinical symptoms were gradually relieved and the lung lesions were absorbed through the treatment of reduce and stop taking immunosuppressant, antiviral therapy of abidol/oseltamivir, prevention of bacterial infection, hormone anti-inflammatory, oxygen inhalation, nutritional support and adequate rest. Conclusion This case present typical characteristics of COVID-19 in epidemiological investigation, clinical manifestation, examination, pulmonary imaging and etiology. After comprehensive treatment including reduce and stop immunosuppressive therapy, clinical cure was achieved. The long-term effect of COVID-19 on this immunosuppressive patient remains follow-up.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Organ Transplantation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 0
PG  - E006-E006
SP  - E006
EP  - E006
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Investigation core emergency response competences of medical staff in public health outbreak of corona virus disease 2019
AU  - LIU, Zhenfan
AU  - DAI, Ping
AU  - YAN, Xiaoting
AU  - WU, Jijun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To investigate the core emergency response capabilities of medical workers for corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) public health emergency, in order to provide references for improving emergency level. Methods By means of convenient sampling, the general information questionnaire and the medical staff's 2019-new coronavirus (2019-nCoV) core emergency capability questionnaire were used to conduct this survey, and the status of 2019-nCoV core emergency capability of 629 clinical medical staff was analysed. Results The score of core emergency response capability of medical staff for 2019-nCoV was (135.60&plusmn;21.73)points, with a score rate of 73.3%; the score of preventive capability dimension was (11.69&plusmn;1.96)points, with a score rate of 77.93%; the score of preparation ability dimension was (20.79&plusmn;4.18)points, and the score rate was 69.30%; the score of rescue ability was (103.11&plusmn;16.93)points, with a scoring rate of 73.57%. Conclusion The core emergency response capability of medical worker for 2019-nCoV and its dimensions are at a medium level. At the present stage, the training of core knowledge of medical personnel 2019-nCoV should be strengthened, effective measures should be taken to improve the alleviation of weakness in rescue, and the self-psychological adjustment of medical personnel should be strengthened to improve the core emergency response capability of medical worker.
JO  - Chongqing Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 49
IS  - 0
PG  - E016-E016
SP  - E016
EP  - E016
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chest computed tomography findings and dynamic changes of severe coronavirus disease 2019
AU  - LIU, Xueyan
AU  - TANG, Guangxiao
AU  - LI, Chunhua
AU  - LU, Yanqiu
AU  - YANG, Jia
AU  - SHU, Weiqiang
AU  - DAI, Xin
AU  - LYU, Shengxiu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To investigate the features of chest CT imaging and dynamic changes of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods The clinical and computed tomography (CT) data of 17 patients diagnosed with severe COVID-19 admitted to Chongqing Public Health Medical Center from January 24 to February 6, 2020 were collected. The first chest CT manifestations and the dynamic changes of imaging during treatment were retrospectively analyzed. Results The first chest CT manifestations of the 17 patients showed that 16 cases presented with peripheral and subpleural distributions, and 2 cases presented with 3 lobes involved, one case with 4 lobes involved and 14 cases with 5 lobes involved, and 17 cases presented with ground-glass opacities, ten cases with consolidation, seven cases with subpleural line, nine cases with air bronchogram, 3 cases with thickened lobular septum, two cases with bronchiectasis, two cases with pleural effusion, two cases with lymphadenopathy with the short diameter of 1.0-1.2cm. Among 16 patients who underwent repeated CT examination, the lesions of 8 patients showed continuous improvement, and those of the other 8 patients showed fluctuating changes. Conclusions The CT findings of severe COVID-19 patients are mainly ground-glass opacities and consolidation, with the peripheral distribution. The range of lesions is wide, with 5-lobe involvement mostly. Lymphadenopathy or pleural effusion is rare. Chest CT is useful for the evaluation for the therapeutic effects.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 38
IS  - 0
PG  - E014-E014
SP  - E014
EP  - E014
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Strategies for the development of drugs targeting novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV
AU  - LIU, Qian-yong
AU  - WANG, Xiao-liang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - &lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;/b&gt; There is no specific drug that has been approved for 2019-nCoV. There are a number of factors that pose major challenges in their development. Approaches to the development of anti-2019-nCoV include screening existing broad-spectrum antiviral drugs, repositioning of readily available clinical compounds, and &lt;italic&gt;de novo&lt;/italic&gt; development of novel and specific agents for 2019-nCoV. Candidate compounds can be developed either to inhibit virus-based targets, such as RNA proteases, polymerase, spike glycoproteins, and viral envelop and membrane proteins, or to inhibit host-based targets, such as receptors and proteases that are utilized by virus for viral entry and endocytosis. Recently, the RNA polymerase remdesivir had demonstrated clinical efficacy in one patient with severe novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP). The broad-spectrum viral protease inhibitor Kaletra&lt;sup&gt;&reg;&lt;/sup&gt; is also recommended in the current NCP clinical practice. Both drugs had lately been proceeded into multiple controlled phase III clinical trials to test their safety and efficacy in NCP. Combinational therapies consisting of multiple drugs provide other viable options against 2019-nCoV, based on scientific and clinical rationales. Using bioinformatics and database analysis, we have identified 75 clinically compounds, including 20 marketed compounds, that are efficacious in inhibiting key targets in virus- and host-based approaches, which may facilitate the development of new therapeutic options for 2019-nCoV. &lt;/p&gt;
JO  - Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 55
IS  - 2
PG  - 181-188
SP  - 181
EP  - 188
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pediatric Airway Foreign Body Retrieval During the Prevention and Control of 2019 Novel Coronavirus
AU  - LIU, Jia1
AU  - ZHAO, Hangyan
AU  - HUANG, Jinjin
AU  - YE, Sheng
AU  - WANG, Wei
AU  - FU, Junfen
AU  - QIU, Fei
AU  - FU, Yong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The prevention and control of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) is currently the primary task of all industries in China. People can be infected through respiratory droplets, airborne and close contact. Pediatric airway foreign body is a common otorhinolaryngology emergency, especially occurred in 1 to 3-year-old children. It usually causes complications like airway obstruction, suffocation and pneumonia, which may become an acute threat to life. The common practice in otorhinolaryngology emergency room is to perform direct laryngoscope, bronchoscope and foreign body removal. Medical staff need to be closely contacted with these children during surgical operation, who may produce massive droplets and aerosols during examination. With a combination of characteristics of surgical operation, this article intends to provide advices on diagnosis and treatment of airway foreign body removal for pediatric otorhinolaryngology colleagues during the prevention and control of 2019-nCoV. Adjustments could be made subsequently due to changes of the epidemic situation and the recognition of 2019-nCoV.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 29
IS  - 0
PG  - E020-E020
SP  - E020
EP  - E020
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A survey on awareness of digestive system injury caused by corona virus disease 2019 in gastroenterologists
AU  - LIU, Hui
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To investigate awareness of digestive system injury caused by corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in gastroenterologists. Methods From February 21 to 23 in 2020, the electronic questionnaire was sent out to explore the condition of the basic knowledge of COVID-19 and knowledge of digestive system injury caused by COVID-19 grasped by gastroenterologists. Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. Results A total of 2 216 gastroenterologists from 31 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities nationwide completed the survey. 99.7% (2 209/2 216) of gastroenterologists stated that they had read the COVID-19 diagnosis and treatment guidelines. The percentage of physicians who well knew the diagnostic criteria of suspected and confirmed cases of COVID-19 was 34.9% (774/2 216) and 39.4% (874/2 216), respectively. The percentage of physician who gave the right answer of COVID-19 detectable methods and lung imaging was 68.4% (1 516/2 216) and 71.6% (1 586/2 216), respectively. The percentage of correct answer of digestive system injury caused by COVID-19 in residents, attending physicians, associate chief physicians and chief physicians was 30.9% (134/433), 33.9% (234/691), 32.4% (213/657) and 34.9% (152/435), respectively, however there were no statistically significant differences among physicians of different level (&chi; 2 =6.60, P &gt; 0.05). 95.6% (2 119/2 216) of gastroenterologists believed that probiotics could effectively improve bowel function, and 94.0% (2 082/2 216) of gastroenterologists considered that enteral nutrition support could improve patients&rsquo; prognosis. Conclusions The knowledge and dynamic progress of the digestive system injury caused of COVID-19 are still insufficiently grasped by gastroenterologists in China. So it is necessary to carry out systematic and pertinent training for them.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Digestion
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 40
IS  - 0
PG  - E007-E007
SP  - E007
EP  - E007
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Reflection on the work of nosocomial infection management during the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak
AU  - LIU, Ding
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since the outbreak of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei province, it has spread all across the country. Due to its highly contagious capability with relatively long incubation period and high incidence of susceptibility in the population, it has led to a large number of infected cases. Especially our medical practitioners who are working at the frontline of disease prevention and control. They stay in direct contact with the patients that it can easily lead to the spread of COVID-19 epidemic among doctors and patients and among patients themselves, which will give rise to nosocomial infection outbreaks and paralyze the medical work in departments and hospitals as well. Therefore, strengthening the management of nosocomial infection during the epidemic and improving the prevention and control of the Coronavirus disease has become top priority for departments of hospital infection control in medical institutions. In this article, we mainly introduce current information for COVID-19, prevention training, process designing in hospital, the use of PPE, disinfection and sterilization etc. We hope this will help to further clarify the duties and tasks for departments of infection control.
JO  - Chongqing Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 49
IS  - 0
PG  - E022-E022
SP  - E022
EP  - E022
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Paying close attention to diabetic patients with novel coronavirus infection
AU  - LIU, Bing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A major infectious disease associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (2019-nCoV)has emerged in Wuhan, China. Current clinical studies have shown that diabetes is commonly complicated with this disorder. Hyperglycemia is a risk factor for severe infection, and also an independent risk factor for the progression of mild infection to severe infection. This may be related to the immune deficiency of diabetics. Besides, virus may cause direct damage to the islets and induce acute stress hyperglycemia. Special attention should be payed to diabetics with 2019-nCoV infection. Systemic steroid hormones should be used with particular caution in patients with 2019-nCoV infection, especially those with diabetes.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 36
IS  - 0
PG  - E003-E003
SP  - E003
EP  - E003
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Health management of breast cancer patients outside the hospital during the outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus disease
AU  - LIU, Binliang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is spreading rapidly. In order to prevent cluster outbreaks, the government strengthened the management and control of personnel mobility, which had a great impact on the examination and treatment of breast cancer patients. This paper discusses how to realize scientific health management of breast cancer patients outside the hospital based on the existing epidemic situation, characteristics of breast cancer patients and public health safety factors. The breast cancer patients should synthetically consider the epidemic prevention situation of inhabitance, the disease stage and previous therapeutic schedule to decide the next therapeutic schedule. If necessary, after professional discussion and communication between doctors and patients online or offline, the hospital visiting time should be delayed through seeking alternative treatment schemes, and psychological counseling for patients should be paid attention to at the same time.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 42
IS  - 0
PG  - E002-E002
SP  - E002
EP  - E002
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A conceptual model for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in Wuhan, China with individual reaction and governmental action
AU  - Lin, Qianying
AU  - Zhao, Shi
AU  - Gao, Daozhou
AU  - Lou, Yijun
AU  - Yang, Shu
AU  - Musa, Salihu S.
AU  - Wang, Maggie H.
AU  - Cai, Yongli
AU  - Wang, Weiming
AU  - Yang, Lin
AU  - He, Daihai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, emerged in Wuhan, China in the end of 2019, has claimed more than 2600 lives as of 24 February 2020 and posed a huge threat to global public health. The Chinese government has implemented control measures including setting up special hospitals and travel restriction to mitigate the spread. We propose conceptual models for the COVID-19 outbreak in Wuhan with the consideration of individual behavioural reaction and governmental actions, e.g., holiday extension, travel restriction, hospitalisation and quarantine. We employe the estimates of these two key components from the 1918 influenza pandemic in London, United Kingdom, incorporated zoonotic introductions and the emigration, and then compute future trends and the reporting ratio. The model is concise in structure, and it successfully captures the course of the COVID-19 outbreak, and thus sheds light on understanding the trends of the outbreak.
JO  - International Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 93
IS  - 
PG  - 211-216
SP  - 211
EP  - 216
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.02.058
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S120197122030117X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recommendation for emergency procedures of novel coronavirus infection /pneumonia in children
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, a novel coronavirus infection has occurred in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, and the epidemic situation has spread to all parts of the country and other countries. The proportion of children patients is small, and patients are distributed at different ages. It is common in children with fever and frequent respiratory infections, which bring many difficulties to early recognition and effective identification of the disease. The emergency department is a window for children patients, and the emergency process is especially important. The emergency branch of the Chinese Medical Association and the Pediatric Branch of the Chinese Medical Association have formulated the emergency procedure for children with noval coronavirus infection / pneumonia for reference.
JO  - Chinese Pediatric Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 27
IS  - 0
PG  - E004-E004
SP  - E004
EP  - E004
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Expert consensus on the safety prevention and control of nuclear medicine diagnosis and treatment during the outbreak of COVID-19 (1st edition)
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, an infectious disease caused by a new type of coronavirus infection was prevalent in Wuhan and across the country. On January 20, 2020, the National Health Commission of the People&prime;s Republic of China issued No. 1 Announcement, which incorporated the novel coronavirus pneumonia into the Class B infectious diseases according to the Law on Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases, but the disease should be adopted the management of Class A infectious diseases. In order to effectively control the source of infection, cut off the transmission route, protect the susceptible population, ensure the medical quality and medical safety, effectively perform epidemic prevention and control, comprehensively guarantee the life safety and physical health of medical staff, patients and family members, it is very important to organize and carry out nuclear medicine diagnosis and treatment scientifically and safely. According to the national prevention and control policy, Chinese Society of Nuclear Medicine and Editorial Board of Chinese Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging organized professionals to formulate the expert consensus on the safety protection process of nuclear medicine imaging and nuclide therapy during the period of new coronavirus infection.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 40
IS  - 0
PG  - 129-135
SP  - 129
EP  - 135
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Management scheme for infection control and radiological protection in diagnostic radiology examination of novel coronavirus pneumonia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since the epidemic of novel coronavirus pneumonia broke out, diagnostic imaging was providing valuable radiological support for disease diagnosis and progress evaluation. Radiological staff, especially radiographers were staying at the front line of epidemic prevention and control. They were facing the patients directly with dual responsibility and pressure of infection control protection and radiation protection. A number of relevant professional experts established the consensus which clarified three parts of detailed implementing rules including infection control and protection of the radiological staff, disinfection of diagnostic radiology equipment and place, radiological protection. The aim was to further standardize the clinical procedures of radiological staff, reduce the infection risk and the radiation risk of medical staff and patients.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Radiological Medicine and Protection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 40
IS  - 0
PG  - E003-E003
SP  - E003
EP  - E003
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recommendations for clinical management of children and adolescents with chronic heart failure during the epidemic period of novel coronavirus pnuemonia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia(COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China in December 2019 has spread to all parts of the country.Epidemiology showed that the population is generally susceptible to the virus, and the number of infected children and adolescents has been increasing.Children and adolescents with chronic heart failure have poor physical fitness, and there are great challenges to the diagnosis and treatment for these patients with 2019 novel coronavirus(2019-nCoV) infection.Based on the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in children and the key points of management of chronic heart failure in children and adolescents, we suggested the clinical management recommendations for 2019-nCoV infection in children and adolescents with chronic heart failure.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Applied Clinical Pediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 35
IS  - 2
PG  - 112-117
SP  - 112
EP  - 117
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chinese experts consensus on diagnosis and treatment of severe and critical new coronavirus pneumonia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) is serious and there is no effective treatment. In order to reduce the fatality rate of severe and critical NCP, experts in the first-line related fields in China were organized to analyze, discuss and summarize the diagnosis and treatment measures of severe NCP patients in Wuhan and other severe disaster areas, and formulate the corresponding expert consensus.
JO  - Chinese Critical Care Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 32
IS  - 2
PG  - E011-E011
SP  - E011
EP  - E011
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Consensus of Chinese experts on pre-examination and triage in outpatient departments of dermatology at the stage of prevention and control of 2019 novel coronavirus infection
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The 2019 novel coronavirus infection has brought big challenges to prevention and control of the national epidemic in China. During the fight against the epidemic, how to properly carry out pre-examination and triage for patients with skin lesions and fever has been a practical problem encountered in dermatology hospitals of all grades and in general hospitals with a large number of dermatological outpatient visits. The Chinese Society of Dermatology organized experts to formulate the principles and procedures for pre-examination and triage in outpatient departments of dermatology at the stage of prevention and control of the 2019 novel coronavirus infection epidemic, so as to guide the current fight against the epidemic.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Dermatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 53
IS  - 0
PG  - E002-E002
SP  - E002
EP  - E002
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Health protection guideline of enterprises during the novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) outbreak
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This guideline is applicable to the disinfection and personal protection measures for enterprise employees from perspetives of taking the commuter shuttles, having meals, and office life during the novel coronavirus pneumonia outbreak.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 4
PG  - E011-E011
SP  - E011
EP  - E011
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Health protection guideline of public transport during the novel coronavirus pneumonia(NCP) outbreak
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This guideline is applicable to the infection prevention and control of staffs and travelers on public transport during the novel coronavirus pneumonia outbreak.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 4
PG  - E010-E010
SP  - E010
EP  - E010
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Health protection guideline of schools and other educational institutions during the novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP)outbreak
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This guideline stipulates the management requirements, on-site hygiene operation, personal protection and comprehensive security of schools and other educational institutions. It is applicable to the unified standard prevention and control of schools and other educational institutions during the novel coronavirus pneumonia outbreak.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 4
PG  - E012-E012
SP  - E012
EP  - E012
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Health protection guideline of hotels reconstructed as isolation places for close contacts during the novel coronavirus pneumonia(NCP)outbreak
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This guideline stipulates the health protection requirements for hotels reconstructed as isolation places for close contacts during the novel coronavirus pneumoniaoutbreak, including requirements for hotels, personal health protection, and management. It is applicable to hotels reconstructed as isolation places for close contacts, such as general hotels, conference center, sanitariums, etc.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 4
PG  - E013-E013
SP  - E013
EP  - E013
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Technical guideline for disinfection of wastewater and wastes of medical organizations during the novel coronavirus pneumonia(NCP)outbreak
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This technical guideline is applicable to disinfection of wastewater and wastes of medical organizations during the novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) outbreak. The purpose of the guideline is to eliminate various pathogenic bacteria, fungi, and viruses, effectively block the virus transmission pathways, and guide medical organizations to carry out the prevention and control of NCP.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 4
PG  - E014-E014
SP  - E014
EP  - E014
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Health protection guideline of conference designated hotel during the novel coronavirus pneumonia(NCP) outbreak
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This guideline stipulates the management requirements, personal protection and comprehensive security of conference designated hotels. It is applicable to the unified standard prevention and control of conference designated hotels during the novel coronavirus pneumonia outbreak.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 4
PG  - E009-E009
SP  - E009
EP  - E009
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Protection and control procedures for novel coronavirus infection during nuclear medicine imaging examinations in non-designated hospitals for novel coronavirus pneumonia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP named as COVID-19 internationally) is a kind of highly infectious disease. To take the non-designated hospitals for novel coronavirus pneumonia as the example, based on the characteristics of novel coronavirus, the infection factors involved in nuclear medical imaging examinations were analyzed in this paper, and proposals were put forward to improve the protection and control in the following seven aspects, including the examinees, the staff, the workplace, the instruments, the disposal of medical waste, and the medical supply, and procedures. It is expected to prevent the patients and staff from the infection of NCP during nuclear medicine imaging examinations.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Radiological Medicine and Protection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 40
IS  - 0
PG  - E002-E002
SP  - E002
EP  - E002
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Expert consensus for clinical prevention and treatment of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) for neurologists
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The epidemic of coronavirus disease2019 (COVID-19) has presented as a grim and complex situation recently.Novel coronavirus may also involvethe nervous systemother than lung. Therefore, especially patients whosefirst symptoms are nervous system symptomsin the early stage, may easilybe misdiagnosed and their treatment may be delayed. Moreover, these patients are also invisible communicators. In order to help neurologists understand the occurrence, development and outcome of this disease, and be familiar with the relevant prevention and treatment process, wewrite this expert consensus for clinical prevention and treatment of COVID-19for neurologists.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Neurology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 53
IS  - 0
PG  - E001-E001
SP  - E001
EP  - E001
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Biosafety Consensus for 2019 Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia in Clinical Laboratory
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - With the outbreak and spread of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus pneumonia, laboratory biosafety has become increasingly prominent. The Society of Laboratory Medicine of Chinese Medical Association formulates this guideline with reference to Chinese National Recommendations and relevant documents. From the perspectives of Microbiology, Epidemiology, Case Definition, Safety Principles, Personal Precaution, Specimen Collection, Specimen Transport, Specimen Handling, Analysis, Post-Analysis and Emergencies, this guideline gives recommendations on biosafety precaution and biosafety protection. We hope that it can be practically implemented and continuously improved to ensure laboratory safety.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Laboratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 0
PG  - E001-E001
SP  - E001
EP  - E001
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Proposed prevention and control of 2019 novel coronavirus infection in neonates
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Following an outbreak of pneumonia caused by 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) which has spread in China, the National Health Commission of China issued public health policies and implemented interventions for control and prevention of the epidemic. Given that the maternal-fetus vertical transmission caused by 2019-nCoV is still unidentified, as a special population, neonates need a targeted clinical management. This detailed plan of care is proposed to provide better prevention and control of neonatal 2019-nCoV infection.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Perinatal Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 23
IS  - 2
PG  - 80-84
SP  - 80
EP  - 84
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Proposed management of 2019-novel coronavirus infection during pregnancy and puerperium
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection has spread throughout China since the first case was identified in Wuhan, Hubei Province, in December 2019. According to previous knowledge and experience, women during pregnancy and puerperium are a vulnerable population due to physiological changes in their immune and cardiopulmonary system, so making them more susceptible to viral infections. Based on the latest 2019-nCoV national management plan, we propose this detailed plan of care to provide better prevention and management of 2019-nCoV infection in women during pregnancy and the puerperium.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Perinatal Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 23
IS  - 2
PG  - 73-79
SP  - 73
EP  - 79
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - PCOMM
TI  - Coronavirus latest: global infections pass 100,000
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - CORRECTION 31 JANUARY 2020 Updates on the respiratory illness that has infected tens of thousands of people and killed several thousand.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
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AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00154-w
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Foreword from the EFI President
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - HLA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 95
IS  - 4
PG  - 269-269
SP  - 269
EP  - 269
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/tan.13841
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/tan.13841
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Syndromic Surveillance System for MERS-CoV as New Early Warning and Identification Approach | Directory of Open Access Journals
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The authors have advised that the date shown on page 93, main text, line 5 “ 23.09.2017 to 26.07.2019” should read “ 23.09.2012 to 26.07.2019”. The authors apologize for this error.
JO  - Risk Management and Healthcare Policy.
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 163-164
SP  - 163
EP  - 164
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://doaj.org/article/a9f3207603034bc1ad963564cc529e18
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Are Powered Air Purifying Respirators a Solution for Protecting Healthcare Workers from Emerging Aerosol-Transmissible Diseases?
AU  - Brosseau, Lisa M.
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - For the third time in less than 20 years there is global concern about a novel coronavirus causing significant respiratory morbidity and mortality. The first cases of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) were reported by China to the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2003; one-third of these were among healthcare workers (WHO, 2003). By the end of the outbreak in 2004, more than half (378; 57%) of the 667 SARS cases treated in Asian and Canadian outbreak hospitals were healthcare workers or medical students (Sepkowitz and Eisenberg, 2005). At the time of and for many years after the SARS outbreak, there was much consternation among the medical and infectious disease communities about the organism's mode(s) of transmission. Aerosols (both fine particles and larger droplets) had to be at least partially responsible for the relative ease with which SARS was transmitted from person to person. As more detailed epi-demiologic data were published, this proved to be the case-risk factors for nosocomial transmission of SARS included exposure during aerosol-generating medical procedures, failure to isolate infectious patients, and the lack or uneven use of personal protective equipment (Scales et al., 2003; Fowler et al., 2004; Ofner-Agostini et al., 2006; Chen et al., 2009). In May 2014, when the first cases of Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) were reported in the USA 2 years after initial outbreaks in Saudi Arabia, Dr Rachael Jones and I published a Commentary on the Center for Infectious Disease Research and Practice website (Brosseau and Jones, 2014). We argued that MERS was likely an aerosol-transmissible disease, because it resulted in symptoms similar to SARS (cough, diarrhea, and vomiting) and patients would likely undergo aerosol-generating procedures, such as intub-ation and bronchoscopy. As with SARS, early data suggested aerosol transmission of MERS among hospital patients located at some distance from each other. As with SARS, the MERS coronavirus remains viable as an aerosol and on surfaces for long periods of time at low relative humidity. We argued that healthcare workers should be provided with fit-tested N95 filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs), at a minimum, when caring for MERS patients. For exposures to high concentrations of infectious particles, such as from patients experiencing severe symptoms or during aerosol-generating procedures , we recommended that healthcare workers should be wearing powered air purifying respirators (PAPRs), which offer a higher degree of protection than FFRs. At the time of our Commentary, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) was recommending contact, droplet, and airborne precautions for MERS; WHO was recommending only contact and droplet precautions. The WHO guidance for MERS, updated in October 2019, now recommends respirators and well-ventilated negative pressure rooms for aerosol-generating procedures (WHO, 2019). While this is a small step forward, the WHO guidance continues to recommend surgical masks for healthcare workers when caring for hospitalized MERS patients.
JO  - Annals of Work Exposures and Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 2020
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/annweh/wxaa024
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/annweh/advance-article-abstract/doi/10.1093/annweh/wxaa024/5802550
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Computational Prediction of Mutational Effects on the SARS-CoV-2 Binding by Relative Free Energy Calculations
AU  - Zou, Junjie
AU  - Yin, Jian
AU  - Fang, Lei
AU  - Yang, Mingjun
AU  - Wang, Tianyuan
AU  - Wu, Weikun
AU  - Zhang, Peiyu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The ability of coronaviruses to infect humans is invariably associated with their binding strengths to human receptor proteins. Both SARS-CoV-2, initially named 2019-nCoV, and SARS-CoV were reported to utilize angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as an entry receptor in human cells. To better understand the interplay between SARS-CoV-2 and ACE2, we performed computational alanine scanning mutagenesis on the “hotspot” residues at protein-protein interfaces using relative free energy calculations. Our data suggest that the mutations in SARS-CoV-2 lead to a greater binding affinity relative to SARS-CoV. In addition, our free energy calculations provide insight into the infectious ability of viruses on a physical basis, and also provide useful information for the design of antiviral drugs.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.26434/CHEMRXIV.11902623.V2
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Practice and Reflection on the Battle against COVID-19 by Guangdong Medical Aid Team in the city of Honghu
AU  - Zhu, H.
AU  - Shi, W. Z.
AU  - Liu, L.
AU  - Gong, M. C.
AU  - Guo, Y.
AU  - Deng, G. P.
AU  - Xu, T. L.
AU  - Lin, K. C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 100
IS  - 0
PG  - E018-E018
SP  - E018
EP  - E018
AN  - 32157848
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20200228-00496
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32157848
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Co-infection of SARS-CoV-2 and HIV in a patient in Wuhan city, China
AU  - Zhu, Feng
AU  - Cao, Yang
AU  - Xu, Shuyun
AU  - Zhou, Min
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Med Virol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1002/jmv.25732
SP  - 10.1002/jmv.25732
EP  - 
AN  - 32160316
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25732
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32160316
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study
AU  - Zhou, Fei
AU  - Yu, Ting
AU  - Du, Ronghui
AU  - Fan, Guohui
AU  - Liu, Ying
AU  - Liu, Zhibo
AU  - Xiang, Jie
AU  - Wang, Yeming
AU  - Song, Bin
AU  - Gu, Xiaoying
AU  - Guan, Lulu
AU  - Wei, Yuan
AU  - Li, Hui
AU  - Wu, Xudong
AU  - Xu, Jiuyang
AU  - Tu, Shengjin
AU  - Zhang, Yi
AU  - Chen, Hua
AU  - Cao, Bin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BackgroundSince December, 2019, Wuhan, China, has experienced an outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients with COVID-19 have been reported but risk factors for mortality and a detailed clinical course of illness, including viral shedding, have not been well described.
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30566-3
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30566-3
NS  - 
N1  - Qingxia Zhong (2020-04-14 23:33:17)(Included): correction added: 45760; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A comparative study on the clinical features of COVID-19 pneumonia to other pneumonias
AU  - Zhao, Dahai
AU  - Yao, Feifei
AU  - Wang, Lijie
AU  - Zheng, Ling
AU  - Gao, Yongjun
AU  - Ye, Jun
AU  - Guo, Feng
AU  - Zhao, Hui
AU  - Gao, Rongbao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) has raised world concern since it emerged in Wuhan Hubei China in December, 2019. The infection may result into severe pneumonia with clusters illness onsets. Its impacts on public health make it paramount to clarify the clinical features with other pneumonias.Nineteen 2019-nCoV pneumonia (NCOVID-19) and fifteen other pneumonia patients (NON-NCOVID-19) in out of Hubei places were involved in this study. Both NCOVID-19 and NON-NCOVID-19 patients were confirmed to be infected in throat swabs or/and sputa with or without 2019-nCoV by real-time RT-PCR. We analyzed the demographic, epidemiological, clinical, and radiological features from those patients, and compared the difference between NCOVID-19 and NON-NCOVID-19.All patients had a history of exposure to confirmed case of 2019-nCoV or travel to Hubei before illness. The median duration, respectively, was 8 (IQR:6~11) and 5 (IQR:4~11) days from exposure to onset in NCOVID-19 and NON-NCOVID-19. The clinical symptoms were similar between NCOVID-19 and NON-NCOVID-19. The most common symptoms were fever and cough. Fifteen (78.95%) NCOVID-19 but 4 (26.67%) NON-NCOVID-19 patients had bilateral involvement while 17 (89.47%) NCOVID-19 but 1 (6.67%) NON-NCOVID-19 patients had multiple mottling and ground-glass opacity of chest CT images. Compared to NON-NCOVID-19, NCOVID-19 present remarkably more abnormal laboratory tests including AST, ALT, ?-GT, LDH and a-HBDH.The 2019-nCoV infection caused similar onsets to other pneumonias. CT scan may be a reliable test for screening NCOVID-19 cases. Liver function damage is more frequent in NCOVID-19 than NON-NCOVID-19 patients. LDH and a-HBDH may be considerable markers for evaluation of NCOVID-19.
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa247
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa247
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical characteristics of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 reactivation
AU  - Ye, Guangming
AU  - Pan, Zhenyu
AU  - Pan, Yunbao
AU  - Deng, Qiaoling
AU  - Chen, Liangjun
AU  - Li, Jin
AU  - Li, Yirong
AU  - Wang, Xinghuan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.001
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.001
NS  - 
N1  - Qingxia Zhong (2020-03-12 22:29:26)(Screen): DOI problem; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Targeted Oxidation Strategy (TOS) for Potential Inhibition of Coronaviruses by Disulfiram — a 70-Year Old Anti-Alcoholism Drug
AU  - Xu, Luyan
AU  - Tong, Jiahui
AU  - Wu, Yiran
AU  - Zhao, Suwen
AU  - Lin, Bo-Lin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In the new millennium, the outbreak of new coronavirus has happened three times: SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and 2019-nCoV. Unfortunately, we still have no pharmaceutical weapons against the diseases caused by these viruses. The pandemic of 2019-nCoV reminds us of the urgency to search new drugs with totally different mechanism that may target the weaknesses specific to coronaviruses. Herein, we disclose a new targeted oxidation strategy (TOS II) leveraging non-covalent interactions potentially to oxidize and inhibit the activities of cytosolic thiol proteins via thiol/thiolate oxidation to disulfide (TOD). Quantum mechanical calculations show encouraging results supporting the feasibility to selectively oxidize thiol of targeted proteins via TOS II even in relatively reducing cytosolic microenvironments. Molecular docking against the two thiol proteases Mpro and PLpro of 2019-nCoV provide evidence to support a TOS II mechanism for two experimentally identified anti-2019-nCoV disulfide oxidants: disulfiram and PX-12. Remarkably, disulfiram is an anti-alcoholism drug approved by FDA 70 years ago, thus it can be immediately used in phase III clinical trial for anti-2019-nCoV treatment. Finally, a preliminary list of promising TOS II drug candidates targeting the two thiol proteases of 2019-nCoV are proposed upon virtual screening of 32143 disulfides.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.26434/CHEMRXIV.11936292.V1
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Construction and evaluation of a novel diagnosis process for 2019-Corona Virus Disease
AU  - Xiong, Z.
AU  - Fu, L.
AU  - Zhou, H.
AU  - Liu, J. K.
AU  - Wang, A. M.
AU  - Huang, Y.
AU  - Huang, X.
AU  - Yi, B.
AU  - Wu, J.
AU  - Li, C. H.
AU  - Quan, J.
AU  - Li, M.
AU  - Leng, Y. S.
AU  - Luo, W. J.
AU  - Hu, C. P.
AU  - Liao, W. H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To construct and evaluate a diagnosis process for 2019-Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19). Methods: A continuous cohort of adults and adolescent (≥12 years) who screened COVID-19 was included in Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from January 23 to February 3, 2020 in which cases were divided the test library and the verification library. Their gender, age, onset time were recorded. Take epidemiological history, fever, and the blood lymphocytes decline as clinical indicators, used CT to evaluate the possibility of COVID-19 and range of lung involvement. According to the current national standards, throat swabs of suspected cases were collected and the nucleic acid of COVID-19 was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The Xiangya process was constructed according to multi-index, compared with clinical indicators, CT results and national standards, the efficiency of detecting confirmed cases were verified in the test and verification library. Results: A continuous cohort of 382 adults who screened COVID-19 was included in which 261 cases were in the test library and 121 cases were in the verification library. In the 382 cases, 192 were males (50.3%) and 190 were females (49.7%), with a median age of 35 years (range: 15-92 years). There were 183 cases (47.9%) with epidemiological history, 275 cases (72.0%) with fever, 212 cases (55.5%) with decreased hemolytic lymphocytes, CT positive 114 cases (29.8%), 43 cases (11.3%) with positive CT-COVID-19, and 30 cases (7.9%) with positive throat swab nucleic acid. Compared with clinical indicators, the sensitivity and specificity of CT were 0.950 and 0.704, respectively. The accuracy of CT to make a definite diagnosis was higher than that of epidemiological history, fever, and blood lymph count decline (0.809 vs 0.660, 0.532, 0.596, P=0.001, 0.002, 0.003, respectively). The sensitivity of this process and the program recommended by the Health Commission all were high (all were 1.000) , and the specificity and accuracy of the process were higher than the program recommended by the Health Commission (0.872 vs 0.765, 0.778 vs 0.592, both P<0.001). The CT-COVID-19 would have reduced the missed diagnosis rate caused by false negative of nucleic acid test (31 vs 64, difference rate 51.6%), the positive rate of nucleic acid test was 64.5% (20/31). In validation library, the specificity and accuracy of the Xiangya process was 0.967, the positive rate of nucleic acid test was 76.9% (10/13). Conclusions: The Xiangya process can predict the nucleic acid test results of COVID-19 well, and can be applied as a reliable basis for confirmed cases detection in adults and adolescent (≥12 years) in areas other than Hubei during the epidemic period of COVID-19. The cohort size needs to be increased for further validation.
JO  - Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 100
IS  - 0
PG  - E019-E019
SP  - E019
EP  - E019
AN  - 32157849
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20200228-00499
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32157849
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Co-infection with SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza A Virus in Patient with Pneumonia, China
AU  - Wu, Xiaojing
AU  - Cai, Ying
AU  - Huang, Xu
AU  - Yu, Xin
AU  - Zhao, Li
AU  - Wang, Fan
AU  - Li, Quanguo
AU  - Gu, Sichao
AU  - Xu, Teng
AU  - Li, Yongjun
AU  - Lu, Binghuai
AU  - Zhan, Qingyuan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We report co-infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and influenza A virus in a patient with pneumonia in China. The case highlights possible co-detection of known respiratory viruses. We noted low sensitivity of upper respiratory specimens for SARS-CoV-2, which could further complicate recognition of the full extent of disease.
JO  - Emerg Infect Dis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 26
IS  - 6
PG  - 10.3201/eid2606.200299
SP  - 10.3201/eid2606.200299
EP  - 
AN  - 32160148
DO  - 10.3201/eid2606.200299
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32160148
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Development of a Laboratory-safe and Low-cost Detection Protocol for SARS-CoV-2 of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
AU  - Won, Joungha
AU  - Lee, Solji
AU  - Park, Myungsun
AU  - Kim, Tai Young
AU  - Park, Mingu Gordon
AU  - Choi, Byung Yoon
AU  - Kim, Dongwan
AU  - Chang, Hyeshik
AU  - Kim, V. Narry
AU  - Lee, C. Justin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which emerged in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, has spread rapidly to over a dozen countries. Especially, the spike of case numbers in South Korea sparks pandemic worries. This virus is reported to spread mainly through personto- person contact via respiratory droplets generated by coughing and sneezing, or possibly through surface contaminated by people coughing or sneezing on them. More critically, there have been reports about the possibility of this virus to transmit even before a virus-carrying person to show symptoms. Therefore, a low-cost, easy-access protocol for early detection of this virus is desperately needed. Here, we have established a real-time reverse-transcription PCR (rtPCR)-based assay protocol composed of easy specimen self-collection from a subject via pharyngeal swab, Trizolbased RNA purification, and SYBR Green-based rtPCR. This protocol shows an accuracy and sensitivity limit of 1-10 virus particles as we tested with a known lentivirus. The cost for each sample is estimated to be less than 15 US dollars. Overall time it takes for an entire protocol is estimated to be less than 4 hours. We propose a cost-effective, quick-and-easy method for early detection of SARS-CoV-2 at any conventional Biosafety Level II laboratories that are equipped with a rtPCR machine. Our newly developed protocol should be helpful for a first-hand screening of the asymptomatic virus-carriers for further prevention of transmission and early intervention and treatment for the rapidly propagating virus.
JO  - Exp Neurobiol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.5607/en20009
SP  - 10.5607/en20009
EP  - 
AN  - 32156101
DO  - 10.5607/en20009
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32156101
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in Different Types of Clinical Specimens
AU  - Wang, Wenling
AU  - Xu, Yanli
AU  - Gao, Ruqin
AU  - Lu, Roujian
AU  - Han, Kai
AU  - Wu, Guizhen
AU  - Tan, Wenjie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1001/jama.2020.3786
SP  - 10.1001/jama.2020.3786
EP  - 
AN  - 32159775
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.3786
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32159775
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Comorbidities and multi-organ injuries in the treatment of COVID-19
AU  - Wang, Tianbing
AU  - Du, Zhe
AU  - Zhu, Fengxue
AU  - Cao, Zhaolong
AU  - An, Youzhong
AU  - Gao, Yan
AU  - Jiang, Baoguo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - “We now have a name for the disease caused by coronavirus and it's COVID-19”, said Dr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, Director-General of WHO on Feb 11, 2020.1 WHO recently updated the name novel coronavirus pneumonia, previously named by Chinese scientists,2 to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). More attention should be paid to comorbidities in the treatment of COVID-19. In the literature, COVID-19 is characterised by the symptoms of viral pneumonia such as fever, fatigue, dry cough, and lymphopenia. Many of the older patients who become severely ill have evidence of underlying illness such as cardiovascular disease, liver disease, kidney disease, or malignant tumours.3, 4, 5 These patients often die of their original comorbidities; we therefore need to accurately evaluate all original comorbidities of individuals with COVID-19. In addition to the risk of group transmission of an infectious disease, we should pay full attention to the treatment of the original comorbidities of the individual while treating pneumonia, especially in older patients with serious comorbid conditions. Not only capable of causing pneumonia, COVID-19 may also cause damage to other organs such as the heart, the liver, and the kidneys, as well as to organ systems such as the blood and the immune system.3, 4, 5 Patients eventually die of multiple organ failure, shock, acute respiratory distress syndrome, heart failure, arrhythmias, and renal failure.5, 6 We should therefore pay attention to potential multi-organ injuries and the protection and prevention thereof in the treatment of COVID-19. • View related content for this article We took over a ward for the centralised treatment of severely ill patients in Wuhan Tongji Hospital. 60 patients were classified into three types during their treatment. 13 [22%] of 60 patients mainly had pneumonia and were classified as type A. Basic treatments were provided, such as antivirals, antibiotics, oxygen therapy, and glucocorticoids. 33 (55%) of 60 patients were type B, with disease that manifested with different degrees of pneumonia, accompanied by serious comorbidities. For patients classified as type B, we continued to monitor the changes of comorbidities while managing the pneumonia, carrying out individual evaluations and developing specific treatment plans, including antihypertensives, hypoglycaemic therapy, and continuous renal replacement therapy. 14 (23%) of 60 patients were critically ill and were classified as type C. Patients classified as type C had disease that was considered to have developed from the aggravation of disease seen either in type A or type B, when early therapeutic effects for type A disease were unsatisfactory (resulting in multiple organ injuries), or when disease associated with type B became aggravated and the patient's condition deteriorated from their original comorbidities (leading to multiple organ failure). Attention should be paid to organ function in these critically ill patients and necessary protective measures, including mechanical ventilation, glucocorticoids, antivirals, symptomatic treatments, and anti-shock therapy. We believe that the classification of COVID-19 in severe patients could help in individual evaluation of the disease and would provide effective triage for the treatment and management of individual patients. We declare no competing interests.
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30558-4
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30558-4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A case report of neonatal COVID-19 infection in China
AU  - Wang, Shaoshuai
AU  - Guo, Lili
AU  - Chen, Ling
AU  - Liu, Weiyong
AU  - Cao, Yong
AU  - Zhang, Jingyi
AU  - Feng, Ling
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 emerged in China and now has spread in many countries. Pregnant women are susceptible population of COVID-19 which are more likely to have complications and even progresse to severe illness. We report a case of neonatal COVID-19 infection in China with pharyngeal swabs tested positive by rRT-PCR assay 36 hours after birth. However, whether the case is a vertical transmission from mother to child remains to be confirmed.
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa225
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa225
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: a potential public health problem for homeless populations
AU  - Tsai, Jack
AU  - Wilson, Michal
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is infecting people throughout the world. It is probable that coronavirus disease (COVID-19) will be transmitted to people experiencing homelessness, which will become a major problem in particular in North America where there are sizable populations of people experiencing homelessness in nearly every metropolitan city in the USA and Canada. In the USA, more than 500 000 people were reported to be experiencing homelessness on any given night over the past decade (2007–19).1 The State of Homelessness in Canada 2016 report2 estimated 35 000 people are experiencing homelessness on any given night in Canada. People experiencing homelessness live in environments that are conducive to a disease epidemic. Many people experiencing homelessness live in congregate living settings—be it formal (ie, shelters or halfway houses) or informal (ie, encampments or abandoned buildings)—and might not have regular access to basic hygiene supplies or showering facilities, all of which could facilitate virus transmission. People experiencing homelessness are a vulnerable group, and their potential exposure to COVID-19 might negatively affect their ability to be housed, and their mental and physical health. People experiencing homelessness aged younger than 65 years have all-cause mortality that is 5–10 times higher than that of the general population.3 COVID-19 infection might further increase this mortality disparity.
JO  - The Lancet Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30053-0
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30053-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Rapid Identification of Potential Inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease by Deep Docking of 1.3 Billion Compounds
AU  - Ton, Anh-Tien
AU  - Gentile, Francesco
AU  - Hsing, Michael
AU  - Ban, Fuqiang
AU  - Cherkasov, Artem
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract: The recently emerged 2019 Novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) and associated COVID-19 disease cause serious or even fatal respiratory tract infection and yet no approved therapeutics or effective treatment is currently available to effectively combat the outbreak. This urgent situation is pressing the world to respond with the development of novel vaccine or a small molecule therapeutics for SARS-CoV-2. Along these efforts, the structure of SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro) has been rapidly resolved and made publicly available to facilitate global efforts to develop novel drug candidates. Recently, our group has developed a novel deep learning platform ? Deep Docking (DD) which provides fast prediction of docking scores of Glide (or any other docking program) and, hence, enables structure-based virtual screening of billions of purchasable molecules in a short time. In the current study we applied DD to all 1.3 billion compounds from ZINC15 library to identify top 1,000 potential ligands for SARS-CoV-2 Mpro protein. The compounds are made publicly available for further characterization and development by scientific community.
JO  - Molecular Informatics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/minf.202000028
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/minf.202000028
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Where are we now with COVID-19?
AU  - Thomson, George A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As a practicing front line clinician in the acute adult general medical field, I read Dr Stein's recent insightful article on novel coronavirus (COVID 19)(1) with great interest. News reports in the UK and around the world carry daily updates and increasing speculation about the potential global impact as the virus spreads much as Dr Stein predicted. However, a number of questions appear to be emerging that were not covered when Dr Stein published his editorial in IJCP.
JO  - Int J Clin Pract
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - e13497-e13497
SP  - e13497
EP  - e13497
AN  - 32159254
DO  - 10.1111/ijcp.13497
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32159254
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19, Australia: Epidemiology Report 6 (Reporting week ending 19:00 AEDT 7 March 2020)
AU  - Team, Covid- National Incident Room Surveillance
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This is the sixth epidemiological report for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), reported in Australia as at 19:00 Australian Eastern Daylight Time [AEDT] 7 March 2020. It includes data on COVID-19 cases diagnosed in Australia, the international situation and a review of current evidence.
JO  - Commun Dis Intell (2018)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 44
IS  - 
PG  - 10.33321/cdi.2020.44.21
SP  - 10.33321/cdi.2020.44.21
EP  - 
AN  - 32156224
DO  - 10.33321/cdi.2020.44.21
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32156224
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
TI  - Covid-19: Trump proposes tax cuts and improved health insurance, but millions are not covered
AU  - Tanne, Janice Hopkins
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The US president, Donald Trump, has proposed eliminating the payroll tax to ease the financial pain faced by US people and businesses owing to the covid-19 outbreak. He also suggested help for the country’s cruise ship industry and airlines.1 The payroll tax, paid both by US employees and employers, provides funds for Social Security pensions, Medicare (health insurance for elderly people), and many other government programs. The tax brings in over a trillion dollars (£773bn; €883bn) a year and is an important part of the federal budget. New York, Massachusetts, and Connecticut have joined Washington state, California, Colorado, and Rhode Island in declaring states of emergency after cases of the virus increased. The president said that he had not been …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - British Medical Journal Publishing Group
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m993-m993
SP  - m993
EP  - m993
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m993
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m993
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Repurposing Therapeutics for COVID-19: Supercomputer-Based Docking to the SARS-CoV-2 Viral Spike Protein and Viral Spike Protein-Human ACE2 Interface
AU  - Smith, Micholas
AU  - Smith, Jeremy C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel Wuhan coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has been sequenced, and the virus shares substantial similarity with SARS-CoV. Here, using a computational model of the spike protein (S-protein) of SARS-CoV-2 interacting with the human ACE2 receptor, we make use of the world's most powerful supercomputer, SUMMIT, to enact an ensemble docking virtual high-throughput screening campaign and identify small-molecules which bind to either the isolated Viral S-protein at its host receptor region or to the S protein-human ACE2 interface. We hypothesize the identified small-molecules may be repurposed to limit viral recognition of host cells and/or disrupt host-virus interactions. A ranked list of compounds is given that can be tested experimentally.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.26434/CHEMRXIV.11871402.V4
UR  - https://chemrxiv.org/articles/Repurposing_Therapeutics_for_the_Wuhan_Coronavirus_nCov-2019_Supercomputer-Based_Docking_to_the_Viral_S_Protein_and_Human_ACE2_Interface/11871402
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Initial public health response and interim clinical guidance for the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak - United States, December 31, 2019-February 4, 2020 (Reprinted from Recomm Rep, vol 68, 2019)
AU  - Patel, Anita
AU  - Jernigan, Daniel B.
AU  - nCo, V. C. D. C. Response Team
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - American Journal of Transplantation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 20
IS  - 3
PG  - 889-895
SP  - 889
EP  - 895
AN  - WOS:000515133600032
DO  - 10.1111/ajt.15805
UR  - <Go to ISI>://WOS:000515133600032
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mucoviscidosis: fisiopatología, genética, aspectos clínicos y terapéuticos
AU  - Noël, S.
AU  - Sermet-Gaudelus, I.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Resumen La mucoviscidosis es la enfermedad autosómica recesiva grave más frecuente que afecta a la población caucásica. En Francia, por ejemplo, la incidencia es de un caso por cada 4.500 nacimientos. Esta enfermedad se debe a mutaciones en el gen CFTR (cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator, regulador de conductancia transmembrana de la fibrosis quística), situado en el brazo largo del cromosoma 7, que codifica una proteína transmembrana implicada en la regulación del transporte transepitelial de iones cloruro (Cl–). En Francia, la mutación más frecuente (alrededor del 80% de los casos) es la deleción del aminoácido 508 (fenilalanina), denominada F508del. La ausencia o la disfunción de la proteína CFTR provoca un defecto en el transporte de Cl– y un aumento de la reabsorción de sal y agua, en particular en el epitelio bronquial, lo que conlleva una reducción del líquido de la superficie bronquial. Esta exocrinopatía generalizada conduce a la producción de «moco viscoso» (de ahí el nombre de mucoviscidosis), que obstruye varios sitios en el cuerpo, en particular el sistema respiratorio, el tracto digestivo y sus anexos (páncreas, vías biliares e hígado). La detección neonatal se ha generalizado desde 2002. La prueba del sudor es la prueba complementaria de referencia, validada por la identificación de dos mutaciones patógenas, para la confirmación del diagnóstico. El tratamiento es multidisciplinario. Se basa ante todo en la kinesiterapia respiratoria diaria y el tratamiento de las sobreinfecciones broncopulmonares, así como en las recomendaciones nutricionales con el uso de extractos pancreáticos. Es probable que el pronóstico, todavía muy desfavorable, se modifique con la llegada de terapias proteínicas o de edición de ácido ribonucleico o de gen.
JO  - EMC - Pediatría
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 55
IS  - 1
PG  - 1-23
SP  - 1
EP  - 23
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1245-1789(20)43427-4
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1245178920434274
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus latest: WHO describes outbreak as pandemic
AU  - Nature
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Updates on the respiratory illness that has infected tens of thousands of people and killed several thousand. After weeks of resisting mounting pressure from scientists, politicians and others, the World Health Organization in Geneva has decided to describe the coronavirus outbreak as a pandemic.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00154-w
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00154-w
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Care for Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19
AU  - Murthy, Srinivas
AU  - Gomersall, Charles D.
AU  - Fowler, Robert A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1001/jama.2020.3633
SP  - 10.1001/jama.2020.3633
EP  - 
AN  - 32159735
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.3633
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32159735
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Zoonotic implications of camel diseases in Iran
AU  - Mohammadpour, Roya
AU  - Champour, Mohsen
AU  - Tuteja, Fateh
AU  - Mostafavi, Ehsan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Approximately 60% of all human pathogens and 75% of emerging infectious diseases are zoonotic (of animal origin). Camel zoonotic diseases can be encountered in all camel-rearing countries. In this article, all studies carried out on camel zoonotic diseases in Iran are reviewed to show the importance of camels for public health in this country. More than 900 published documents were systematically searched to find relevant studies from 1,890 until late 2018. The collected articles were classified according to the aetiological agents. In this study, 19 important zoonotic diseases were reported among Iranian camels including listeriosis, leptospirosis, plague, Q fever, brucellosis, campylobacteriosis, tuberculosis, pasteurellosis, clostridiosis, salmonellosis, Escherichia coli infections, rabies, camelpox, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever, echinococcosis, cryptosporidiosis, toxoplasmosis and dermatophytosis, most of which belong to bacterial, viral, parasitic and fungal pathogens, respectively. Results show that camels are one of the most important sources of infections and diseases in human; therefore, continuous monitoring and inspection programs are necessary to prevent the outbreak of zoonotic diseases caused by this animal in humans.
JO  - Veterinary Medicine and Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/vms3.239
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.239
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The value of early transmission dynamic studies in emerging infectious diseases
AU  - McBryde, Emma
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The world is braced for a public health emergency of international concern caused by a novel emerging infectious disease, a coronavirus with similarities to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV). Person-to-person transmission of SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), started in December, 2019, in Wuhan, China and has spread to become a global pandemic, with, as of Feb 26, 2020, community transmission in Italy, Iran, and South Korea. Modelling studies have aided understanding of COVID-19 dynamics from the first announcement of the epidemic and publication of the genetic sequence of the causative virus. Initial phylogenetic analysis of closely related viruses suggested highly linked person-to-person spread of SARS-CoV-2 originating from mid-November to early December, 2019.1, 2 Following this, modellers provided simple calculations that identified a mismatch between reported cases in China and reported importations of cases from travellers. Based on travel volumes, modellers inferred3 that cases in Wuhan were underestimated by a factor of 40—a crucially important finding. Further calculations, again based on travel volumes, suggested that some countries would be expected to have many more travel-related cases than had been notified,4 drawing attention to the possibility of undetected cases and community transmission in several countries. • View related content for this article Transmission dynamic models are a necessary first step in understanding the pandemic potential of an emerging infectious disease, including estimating the reproduction number—the number of new cases arising from a typical infected case. The first published transmission dynamic study of COVID-19 was rapid and uncomplicated, estimating the basic reproduction number as time-invariant5 without exploring some of the major underlying assumptions, such as lack of infectiousness during the incubation period. Since this early publication, many estimates for the reproduction rate have appeared, ranging from around 2 to more than 6.6
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30161-4
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30161-4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The race to unravel the biggest coronavirus outbreak in the United States
AU  - Maxmen, Amy
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 579
IS  - 7798
PG  - 181-182
SP  - 181
EP  - 182
AN  - 32152595
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00676-3
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32152595
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV): Lessons of uncertainty and globalization
AU  - Matter, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Revue Medicale Suisse
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 16
IS  - 681
PG  - 340
SP  - 340
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005103276
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Implications of COVID-19 for patients with pre-existing digestive diseases
AU  - Mao, Ren
AU  - Liang, Jie
AU  - Shen, Jun
AU  - Ghosh, Subrata
AU  - Zhu, Liang-Ru
AU  - Yang, Hong
AU  - Wu, Kai-Chun
AU  - Chen, Min-Hu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), first reported in China, in December, 2019, now affects the whole world. As of March 8, 2020, more than 105 000 laboratory-confirmed cases and more than 3500 deaths in over 100 countries had been reported. Since SARS-CoV-2 RNA was first detected in a stool specimen of the first reported COVID-19 case in the USA,1 much attention has been paid to the study and reporting of gastrointestinal tract infection of SARS-CoV-2. According to a study2 including 1099 patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 from 552 hospitals in China as of Jan 29, 2020, nausea or vomiting, or both, and diarrhoea were reported in 55 (5·6%) and 42 (3·8%) patients. Autopsy studies are crucial to help understand the involvement of COVID-19 in the digestive system; however, to date, there has been only one autopsy report3 for a man aged 85 years with COVID-19, which showed segmental dilatation and stenosis in the small intestine. Whether this finding is secondary to COVID-19 or a pre-existing gastrointestinal comorbidity is unknown.
JO  - The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2468-1253(20)30076-5
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-1253(20)30076-5
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - NEWS
TI  - Covid-19: UK ramps up testing by 500% as health minister tests positive for virus
AU  - Mahase, Elisabeth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - UK health minister Nadine Dorries has tested positive for covid-19 and is self-isolating at home—as is Labour MP Rachael Maskell, who met with Dorries. The Department of Health and Social Care said that Dorries started showing symptoms on 5 March. As of 11 March, 456 cases of the virus have been confirmed in the UK, with six deaths. Bharat Pankhania, senior clinical lecturer at the University of Exeter Medical School, said, “The example of Nadine Dorries getting infected, developing symptoms, and then realising a few days later that she had …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - British Medical Journal Publishing Group
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1003-m1003
SP  - m1003
EP  - m1003
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1003
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1003
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19 goes global
AU  - MacKenzie, Debora
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Our chance to limit international outbreaks may be over as the virus spreads in Italy and the Middle East, reports Debora MacKenzie
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 245
IS  - 3271
PG  - 7
SP  - 7
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30424-3
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920304243
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical feature of COVID-19 in elderly patients: a comparison with young and middle-aged patients
AU  - Liu, Kai
AU  - Chen, Ying
AU  - Lin, Ruzheng
AU  - Han, Kunyuan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BackgroundDue to the general susceptibility of new coronaviruses, the clinical characteristics and outcomes of elderly and young patients may be different.
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.005
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.005
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical and CT Imaging Features of the COVID-19 Pneumonia: Focus on Pregnant Women and Children
AU  - Liu, Huanhuan
AU  - Liu, Fang
AU  - Li, Jinning
AU  - Zhang, Tingting
AU  - Wang, Dengbin
AU  - Lan, Weishun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BackgroundThe ongoing outbreak of COVID-19 pneumonia is globally concerning. We aimed to investigate the clinical and CT features in the pregnant women and children with this disease, which have not been well reported.
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.007
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.007
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Comparison of epidemic characteristics between SARS in2003 and COVID-19 in 2020 in Guangzhou
AU  - Li, X. Q.
AU  - Cai, W. F.
AU  - Huang, L. F.
AU  - Chen, C.
AU  - Liu, Y. F.
AU  - Zhang, Z. B.
AU  - Yuan, J.
AU  - Li, T. G.
AU  - Wang, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: By analyzing the epidemic characteristics and related indicators of SARS (2003) and COVID-19(2020), to explore the reasons for the similarities and differences of the two epidemics, so as to provide reference for epidemic prevention and control. Methods: The general situation, clinical classification, activity history, contact history, family members' contact and incidence of the two infectious diseases in Guangzhou were collected and used to analyze the time characteristics, occupational characteristics, age characteristics and other key indicators of the two diseases, including the number of cases, composition ratio (%), mean, median, crude mortality, etc. Results: A total of 1 072 cases of SARS (2003) were included in the study. 353 of which were severe cases with the incidence of 30.13%. 43 cases of death were reported with a mortality rate of 4.01%. The average age was 46 years old, and 26.31% of the cases were medical staff. The interval time between first report to continuous zero reports was 129 days. As to COVID-19 (2020), a total of 346 cases were included. 58 of which were severe cases with the incidence of 16.67%. One case of death was reported with a mortality rate of 0.29%. The average age was 38 years old, and no hospital infection among medical staff was reported. The interval time between first report to continuous zero reports was 35 days. Conclusions: The prevention and control strategies for COVID-19 (2010) are more effective compared to that of SARS (2003), and the emergency response procedures are worth to be evaluated and summarized.
JO  - Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 5
PG  - 634-637
SP  - 634
EP  - 637
AN  - 32159317
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200228-00209
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32159317
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Protocol for the development of a rapid advice guideline for prevention, management and care of children with 2019 novel coronavirus infection
AU  - Li, Weiguo
AU  - Zhou, Qi
AU  - Tang, Yuyi
AU  - Ren, Luo
AU  - Yu, Xuan
AU  - Li, Qiu
AU  - Liu, Enmei
AU  - Chen, Yaolong
AU  - evidence, Covid-
AU  - recommendations working, group
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Ann Palliat Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - apm.2020.02.33
SP  - apm.2020.02.33
EP  - 
AN  - 32156144
DO  - 10.21037/apm.2020.02.33
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32156144
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - New coronavirus outbreak: Framing questions for pandemic prevention
AU  - Layne, Scott P.
AU  - Hyman, James M.
AU  - Morens, David M.
AU  - Taubenberger, Jeffery K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We need to understand and quantify the dominant variables that govern the SARS–CoV-2 outbreak, rather than relying exclusively on confirmed cases and their geospatial spread.
JO  - Science Translational Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 12
IS  - 534
PG  - eabb1469
SP  - eabb1469
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/scitranslmed.abb1469
UR  - http://stm.sciencemag.org/content/12/534/eabb1469.abstract
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preprints bring 'firehose' of outbreak data: COVID-19 has upended the ways researchers share findings and collaborate
AU  - Kupferschmidt, K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 367
IS  - 6481
PG  - 963-964
SP  - 963
EP  - 964
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.367.6481.963
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005118219 http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.367.6481.963
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Early dynamics of transmission and control of COVID-19: a mathematical modelling study
AU  - Kucharski, Adam J.
AU  - Russell, Timothy W.
AU  - Diamond, Charlie
AU  - Liu, Yang
AU  - Edmunds, John
AU  - Funk, Sebastian
AU  - Eggo, Rosalind M.
AU  - Sun, Fiona
AU  - Jit, Mark
AU  - Munday, James D.
AU  - Davies, Nicholas
AU  - Gimma, Amy
AU  - van Zandvoort, Kevin
AU  - Gibbs, Hamish
AU  - Hellewell, Joel
AU  - Jarvis, Christopher I.
AU  - Clifford, Sam
AU  - Quilty, Billy J.
AU  - Bosse, Nikos I.
AU  - Abbott, Sam
AU  - Klepac, Petra
AU  - Flasche, Stefan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Summary Background An outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to 95 333 confirmed cases as of March 5, 2020. Understanding the early transmission dynamics of the infection and evaluating the effectiveness of control measures is crucial for assessing the potential for sustained transmission to occur in new areas. Combining a mathematical model of severe SARS-CoV-2 transmission with four datasets from within and outside Wuhan, we estimated how transmission in Wuhan varied between December, 2019, and February, 2020. We used these estimates to assess the potential for sustained human-to-human transmission to occur in locations outside Wuhan if cases were introduced. Methods We combined a stochastic transmission model with data on cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan and international cases that originated in Wuhan to estimate how transmission had varied over time during January, 2020, and February, 2020. Based on these estimates, we then calculated the probability that newly introduced cases might generate outbreaks in other areas. To estimate the early dynamics of transmission in Wuhan, we fitted a stochastic transmission dynamic model to multiple publicly available datasets on cases in Wuhan and internationally exported cases from Wuhan. The four datasets we fitted to were: daily number of new internationally exported cases (or lack thereof), by date of onset, as of Jan 26, 2020; daily number of new cases in Wuhan with no market exposure, by date of onset, between Dec 1, 2019, and Jan 1, 2020; daily number of new cases in China, by date of onset, between Dec 29, 2019, and Jan 23, 2020; and proportion of infected passengers on evacuation flights between Jan 29, 2020, and Feb 4, 2020. We used an additional two datasets for comparison with model outputs: daily number of new exported cases from Wuhan (or lack thereof) in countries with high connectivity to Wuhan (ie, top 20 most at-risk countries), by date of confirmation, as of Feb 10, 2020; and data on new confirmed cases reported in Wuhan between Jan 16, 2020, and Feb 11, 2020. Findings We estimated that the median daily reproduction number (Rt) in Wuhan declined from 2·35 (95% CI 1·15–4·77) 1 week before travel restrictions were introduced on Jan 23, 2020, to 1·05 (0·41–2·39) 1 week after. Based on our estimates of Rt, assuming SARS-like variation, we calculated that in locations with similar transmission potential to Wuhan in early January, once there are at least four independently introduced cases, there is a more than 50% chance the infection will establish within that population. Interpretation Our results show that COVID-19 transmission probably declined in Wuhan during late January, 2020, coinciding with the introduction of travel control measures. As more cases arrive in international locations with similar transmission potential to Wuhan before these control measures, it is likely many chains of transmission will fail to establish initially, but might lead to new outbreaks eventually. Funding Wellcome Trust, Health Data Research UK, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, and National Institute for Health Research.
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30144-4
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30144-4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Protecting Hospitals From the Invisible
AU  - Klompas, Michael
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Ann Intern Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.7326/M20-0751
SP  - 10.7326/M20
EP  - 0751
AN  - 32160299
DO  - 10.7326/M20-0751
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32160299
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The emergence of a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), their biology and therapeutic options
AU  - Khan, Suliman
AU  - Siddique, Rabeea
AU  - Shereen, Muhammad Adnan
AU  - Ali, Ashaq
AU  - Liu, Jianbo
AU  - Bai, Qian
AU  - Bashir, Nadia
AU  - Xue, Mengzhou
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The new decade of the 21 st century (2020) started with the emergence of novel coronavirus known as SARS-CoV-2 that caused an epidemic of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China. It is the third highly pathogenic and transmissible coronavirus after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) emerged in humans. The source of origin, transmission to humans and mechanisms associated with the pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 are not clear yet, however, its resemblance with SARS-CoV and several other bat coronaviruses was recently confirmed through genome sequencing related studies. The development of therapeutic strategies is necessary in order to prevent further epidemics and cure infected people. In this Review, we summarize current information about the emergence, origin, diversity, and epidemiology of three pathogenic coronaviruses with a specific focus on the current outbreak in Wuhan, China. Furthermore, we discuss the clinical features and potential therapeutic options that may be effective against SARS-CoV-2.
JO  - Journal of Clinical Microbiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1128/JCM.00187-20
UR  - http://jcm.asm.org/lookup/doi/10.1128/JCM.00187-20
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Communicable Diseases Intelligence 2020 - COVID-19, Australia: Epidemiology Report 6: Reporting week ending 1900 AEDT 7 March 2020
AU  - Incident Room Surveillance Team, National
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Communicable diseases intelligence (2018)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.33321/cdi.2020.44.21
UR  - https://doi.org/10.33321/cdi.2020.44.21
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV): threats, gaps and containment strategies
AU  - Hussain, Hamid Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection and Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 13
IS  - 3
PG  - 467
SP  - 467
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiph.2020.02.025
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S187603412030352X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and coronavirus: research update on pathogenesis of the infection induced by this indissoluble bond
AU  - Hou, P.
AU  - Xu, Q.
AU  - Na, J.
AU  - Zhang, B. L.
AU  - Wu, H.
AU  - Li, P.
AU  - Zhao, X. X.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 48
IS  - 0
PG  - E009-E009
SP  - E009
EP  - E009
AN  - 32159318
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20200224-00121
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32159318
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Virtually Perfect? Telemedicine for Covid-19
AU  - Hollander, Judd E.
AU  - Carr, Brendan G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Virtually Perfect? Telemedicine for Covid-19 Telemedicine’s payment and regulatory structures, licensing, credentialing, and implementation take time to work through, but health systems that have a...
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - NEJMp2003539-NEJMp2003539
SP  - NEJMp2003539
EP  - NEJMp2003539
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMp2003539
UR  - http://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMp2003539
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 from Patient with 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease, United States
AU  - Harcourt, Jennifer
AU  - Tamin, Azaibi
AU  - Lu, Xiaoyan
AU  - Kamili, Shifaq
AU  - Sakthivel, Senthil K.
AU  - Murray, Janna
AU  - Queen, Krista
AU  - Tao, Ying
AU  - Paden, Clinton R.
AU  - Zhang, Jing
AU  - Li, Yan
AU  - Uehara, Anna
AU  - Wang, Haibin
AU  - Goldsmith, Cynthia
AU  - Bullock, Hannah A.
AU  - Wang, Lijuan
AU  - Whitaker, Brett
AU  - Lynch, Brian
AU  - Gautam, Rashi
AU  - Schindewolf, Craig
AU  - Lokugamage, Kumari G.
AU  - Scharton, Dionna
AU  - Plante, Jessica A.
AU  - Mirchandani, Divya
AU  - Widen, Steven G.
AU  - Narayanan, Krishna
AU  - Makino, Shinji
AU  - Ksiazek, Thomas G.
AU  - Plante, Kenneth S.
AU  - Weaver, Scott C.
AU  - Lindstrom, Stephen
AU  - Tong, Suxiang
AU  - Menachery, Vineet D.
AU  - Thornburg, Natalie J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The etiologic agent of an outbreak of pneumonia in Wuhan, China, was identified as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in January 2020. A patient in the United States was given a diagnosis of infection with this virus by the state of Washington and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention on January 20, 2020. We isolated virus from nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal specimens from this patient and characterized the viral sequence, replication properties, and cell culture tropism. We found that the virus replicates to high titer in Vero-CCL81 cells and Vero E6 cells in the absence of trypsin. We also deposited the virus into 2 virus repositories, making it broadly available to the public health and research communities. We hope that open access to this reagent will expedite development of medical countermeasures.
JO  - Emerg Infect Dis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 26
IS  - 6
PG  - 10.3201/eid2606.200516
SP  - 10.3201/eid2606.200516
EP  - 
AN  - 32160149
DO  - 10.3201/eid2606.200516
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32160149
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Detection of 20 respiratory viruses and bacteria by influenza-like illness surveillance in Beijing, China, 2016–2018
AU  - Haixu, Liang
AU  - Haibin, Wang
AU  - Lili, Ren
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 80
IS  - 3
PG  - 350-371
SP  - 350
EP  - 371
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2019.11.014
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0163445319303524
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
AU  - Hageman, Joseph R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Pediatr Ann
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 49
IS  - 3
PG  - e99-e100
SP  - e99
EP  - e100
AN  - 32155273
DO  - 10.3928/19382359-20200219-01
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32155273
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical considerations for patients with diabetes in times of COVID-19 epidemic
AU  - Gupta, Ritesh
AU  - Ghosh, Amerta
AU  - Singh, Awadhesh Kumar
AU  - Misra, Anoop
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 14
IS  - 3
PG  - 211-212
SP  - 211
EP  - 212
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.03.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1871402120300424
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: the medium is the message
AU  - Garrett, Laurie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30600-0
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30600-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Analysis of preferred codon usage in the coronavirus N genes and their implications for genome evolution and vaccine design
AU  - Sheikh, Abdullah
AU  - Al-Taher, Abdulla
AU  - Al-Nazawi, Mohammed
AU  - Al-Mubarak, Abdullah I.
AU  - Kandeel, Mahmoud
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The nucleocapsid (N) protein of a coronavirus plays a crucial role in virus assembly and in its RNA transcription. It is important to characterize a virus at the nucleotide level to discover the virus’s genomic sequence variations and similarities relative to other viruses that could have an impact on the functions of its genes and proteins. This entails a comprehensive and comparative analysis of the viral genomes of interest for preferred nucleotides, codon bias, nucleotide changes at the 3rd position (NT3s), synonymous codon usage and relative synonymous codon usage. In this study, the variations in the N proteins among 13 different coronaviruses (CoVs) were analysed at the nucleotide and amino acid levels in an attempt to reveal how these viruses adapt to their hosts relative to their preferred codon usage in the N genes. The results revealed that, overall, eighteen amino acids had different preferred codons and eight of these were over-biased. The N genes had a higher AT% over GC% and the values of their effective number of codons ranged from 40.43 to 53.85, indicating a slight codon bias. Neutrality plots and correlation analyses showed a very high level of GC3s/GC correlation in porcine epidemic diarrhea CoV (pedCoV), followed by Middle East respiratory syndrome-CoV (MERS CoV), porcine delta CoV (dCoV), bat CoV (bCoV) and feline CoV (fCoV) with r values 0.81, 0.68, -0.47, 0.98 and 0.58, respectively. These data implied a high rate of evolution of the CoV genomes and a strong influence of mutation on evolutionary selection in the CoV N genes. This type of genetic analysis would be useful for evaluating a virus’s host adaptation, evolution and is thus of value to vaccine design strategies.
JO  - Journal of Virological Methods
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 277
IS  - 
PG  - 113806
SP  - 113806
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jviromet.2019.113806
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166093418305809
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus epidemic snarls science worldwide
AU  - Service, R. F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 367
IS  - 6480
PG  - 836-837
SP  - 836
EP  - 837
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.367.6480.836
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005118182 http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.367.6480.836
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A realistic two-strain model for MERS-CoV infection uncovers the high risk for epidemic propagation
AU  - Sardar, Tridip
AU  - Ghosh, Indrajit
AU  - Rodó, Xavier
AU  - Chattopadhyay, Joydev
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) causes severe acute respiratory illness with a case fatality rate (CFR) of 35,5%. The highest number of MERS-CoV cases are from Saudi-Arabia, the major worldwide hotspot for this disease. In the absence of neither effective treatment nor a ready-to-use vaccine and with yet an incomplete understanding of its epidemiological cycle, prevention and containment measures can be derived from mathematical models of disease epidemiology. We constructed 2-strain models to predict past outbreaks in the interval 2012–2016 and derive key epidemiological information for Macca, Madina and Riyadh. We approached variability in infection through three different disease incidence functions capturing social behavior in response to an epidemic (e.g. Bilinear, BL; Non-monotone, NM; and Saturated, SAT models). The best model combination successfully anticipated the total number of MERS-CoV clinical cases for the 2015–2016 season and accurately predicted both the number of cases at the peak of seasonal incidence and the overall shape of the epidemic cycle. The evolution in the basic reproduction number (R0) warns that MERS-CoV may easily take an epidemic form. The best model correctly captures this feature, indicating a high epidemic risk (1≤R0≤2,5) in Riyadh and Macca and confirming the alleged co-circulation of more than one strain. Accurate predictions of the future MERS-CoV peak week, as well as the number of cases at the peak are now possible. These results indicate public health agencies should be aware that measures for strict containment are urgently needed before new epidemics take off in the region.
JO  - PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
PG  - e0008065-e0008065
SP  - e0008065
EP  - e0008065
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008065
UR  - https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008065
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Insight Derived from Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics Simulations into the Binding Interactions Between HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors and SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro
AU  - sang, peng
AU  - Tian, Shuhui
AU  - Meng, Zhaohui
AU  - Yang, Liquan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) was identified from respiratory illness patients in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, which has recently emerged as a serious threat to the world public health. Hower, no approved drugs have been found to effectively inhibit the virus. Since it has been reported that the HIV-1 protease inhibitors can be used as anti-SARS drugs by tegarting SARS-CoV 3CLpro, we choose six approved anti-HIV-1 drugs to investigate their binding interactions between 3CLpro, and to evaluate their potential to become clinical drugs for the new coronavirus pneumonia (COVID19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection. The molecular docking results indicate that, the 3CLpro of SARS-CoV-2 has a higher binding affinity for all the studied inhibitors than its SARS homologue. Two docking complexes (indinavir and darunavir) with high docking scores were futher subjected to MM-PBSA binding free energy calculations to detail the molecular interactions between these two proteinase inhibitors and the 3CLpro. Our results show that darunavir has the best binding affinity with SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV 3CLpro among all inhibitors, indicating it has the potential to become an anti-COVID-19 clinical drug. The likely reason behind the increased binding affinity of HIV-1 protease inhibitors toward SARS-CoV2 3CLpro than that of SARS-CoV were investigated by MD simulations. Our study provides insight into the possible role of structural flexibility during interactions between 3CLpro and inhibitors, and sheds light on the structure-based design of anti-COVID-19 drugs targeting the SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.26434/CHEMRXIV.11932995.V1
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Dysregulation of immune response in patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China
AU  - Qin, Chuan
AU  - Zhou, Luoqi
AU  - Hu, Ziwei
AU  - Zhang, Shuoqi
AU  - Yang, Sheng
AU  - Tao, Yu
AU  - Xie, Cuihong
AU  - Ma, Ke
AU  - Shang, Ke
AU  - Wang, Wei
AU  - Tian, Dai-Shi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emerged in Wuhan and rapidly spread throughout China.Demographic and clinical data of all confirmed cases with COVID-19 on admission at Tongji Hospital from January 10 to February 12, 2020, were collected and analyzed. The data of laboratory examinations, including peripheral lymphocyte subsets, were analyzed and compared between severe and non-severe patients.Of the 452 patients with COVID-19 recruited, 286 were diagnosed as severe infection. The median age was 58 years and 235 were male. The most common symptoms were fever, shortness of breath, expectoration, fatigue, dry cough and myalgia. Severe cases tend to have lower lymphocytes counts, higher leukocytes counts and neutrophil-lymphocyte-ratio (NLR), as well as lower percentages of monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils. Most of severe cases demonstrated elevated levels of infection-related biomarkers and inflammatory cytokines. The number of T cells significantly decreased, and more hampered in severe cases. Both helper T cells and suppressor T cells in patients with COVID-19 were below normal levels, and lower level of helper T cells in severe group. The percentage of naïve helper T cells increased and memory helper T cells decreased in severe cases. Patients with COVID-19 also have lower level of regulatory T cells, and more obviously damaged in severe cases.The novel coronavirus might mainly act on lymphocytes, especially T lymphocytes. Surveillance of NLR and lymphocyte subsets is helpful in the early screening of critical illness, diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19.
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa248
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa248
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - ISUOG Interim Guidance on 2019 novel coronavirus infection during pregnancy and puerperium: information for healthcare professionals
AU  - Poon, Liona C.
AU  - Yang, Huixia
AU  - Lee, Jill C. S.
AU  - Copel, Joshua A.
AU  - Leung, Tak Yeung
AU  - Zhang, Yuanzhen
AU  - Chen, Dunjin
AU  - Prefumo, Federico
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1002/uog.22013
SP  - 10.1002/uog.22013
EP  - 
AN  - 32160345
DO  - 10.1002/uog.22013
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32160345
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Inhibitors for Novel Coronavirus Protease Identified by Virtual Screening of 687 Million Compounds
AU  - Fischer, André
AU  - Sellner, Manuel
AU  - Neranjan, Santhosh
AU  - Lill, Markus A.
AU  - Smieško, Martin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The rapid outbreak of the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in China followed by its spread around the world poses a serious global concern for public health with almost 90000 people infected and thousands of fatalities. To conquer viral infections, the inhibition of proteases essential for proteolytic processing of viral polyproteins is a conventional therapeutic strategy. To this date, no specific drugs or vaccines are available to treat SARS-CoV-2 despite its close relation to the SARS-CoV-1 virus that caused a similar epidemic in 2003. Thus, there remains an urgent need for the development of specific antiviral therapeutics to conquer SARS-CoV-2. In order to find novel inhibitors, we computationally screened a compound library of over 687 million compounds for binding at the recently solved crystal structure of the main protease of SARS-CoV-2. A screening of such a vast chemical space for SARS-CoV-2 protease inhibitors has not been reported before. After shape screening, two docking protocols were applied followed by the determination of pharmacokinetically relevant molecular descriptors to narrow down the initial hits. Next, molecular dynamics simulations were conducted to validate the stability of docked binding modes and comprehensively quantify ligand binding energies. After evaluation of off-target binding, we report a list of 11 drug-like compounds with improved binding free energy to the target protease in contrast to the cocrystallized peptidomimetic lead compound that suffers from poor pharmacokinetic properties. Furthermore, we identified one potent binder with comparable properties from the natural compound library.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.26434/CHEMRXIV.11923239.V1
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Are patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus at increased risk for COVID-19 infection?
AU  - Fang, Lei
AU  - Karakiulakis, George
AU  - Roth, Michael
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The most distinctive comorbidities of 32 non-survivors from a group of 52 intensive care unit patients with novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the study by Xiaobo Yang and colleagues1 were cerebrovascular diseases (22%) and diabetes (22%). Another study2 included 1099 patients with confirmed COVID-19, of whom 173 had severe disease with comorbidities of hypertension (23·7%), diabetes mellitus (16·2%), coronary heart diseases (5·8%), and cerebrovascular disease (2·3%). In a third study,3 of 140 patients who were admitted to hospital with COVID-19, 30% had hypertension and 12% had diabetes. Notably, the most frequent comorbidities reported in these three studies of patients with COVID-19 are often treated with angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors; however, treatment was not assessed in either study. Human pathogenic coronaviruses (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus [SARS-CoV] and SARS-CoV-2) bind to their target cells through angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which is expressed by epithelial cells of the lung, intestine, kidney, and blood vessels.4 The expression of ACE2 is substantially increased in patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes, who are treated with ACE inhibitors and angiotensin II type-I receptor blockers (ARBs).4 Hypertension is also treated with ACE inhibitors and ARBs, which results in an upregulation of ACE2.5 ACE2 can also be increased by thiazolidinediones and ibuprofen. These data suggest that ACE2 expression is increased in diabetes and treatment with ACE inhibitors and ARBs increases ACE2 expression. Consequently, the increased expression of ACE2 would facilitate infection with COVID-19. We therefore hypothesise that diabetes and hypertension treatment with ACE2-stimulating drugs increases the risk of developing severe and fatal COVID-19. • View related content for this article If this hypothesis were to be confirmed, it could lead to a conflict regarding treatment because ACE2 reduces inflammation and has been suggested as a potential new therapy for inflammatory lung diseases, cancer, diabetes, and hypertension. A further aspect that should be investigated is the genetic predisposition for an increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, which might be due to ACE2 polymorphisms that have been linked to diabetes mellitus, cerebral stroke, and hypertension, specifically in Asian populations. Summarising this information, the sensitivity of an individual might result from a combination of both therapy and ACE2 polymorphism. We suggest that patients with cardiac diseases, hypertension, or diabetes, who are treated with ACE2-increasing drugs, are at higher risk for severe COVID-19 infection and, therefore, should be monitored for ACE2-modulating medications, such as ACE inhibitors or ARBs. Based on a PubMed search on Feb 28, 2020, we did not find any evidence to suggest that antihypertensive calcium channel blockers increased ACE2 expression or activity, therefore these could be a suitable alternative treatment in these patients.
JO  - The Lancet Respiratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30116-8
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30116-8
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - MERS-CoV infection among healthcare workers and risk factors for death: Retrospective analysis of all laboratory-confirmed cases reported to WHO from 2012 to 2 June 2018
AU  - Elkholy, Amgad A.
AU  - Grant, Rebecca
AU  - Assiri, Abdullah
AU  - Elhakim, Mohamed
AU  - Malik, Mamunur R.
AU  - Van Kerkhove, Maria D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background Approximately half of the reported laboratory-confirmed infections of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) have occurred in healthcare settings, and healthcare workers constitute over one third of all secondary infections. This study aimed to describe secondary cases of MERS-CoV infection among healthcare workers and to identify risk factors for death. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on epidemiological data of laboratory-confirmed MERS-CoV cases reported to the World Health Organization from September 2012 to 2 June 2018. We compared all secondary cases among healthcare workers with secondary cases among non-healthcare workers. Multivariable logistic regression identified risk factors for death. Results Of the 2223 laboratory-confirmed MERS-CoV cases reported to WHO, 415 were healthcare workers and 1783 were non-healthcare workers. Compared with non-healthcare workers cases, healthcare workers cases were younger (P < 0.001), more likely to be female (P < 0.001), non-nationals (P < 0.001) and asymptomatic (P < 0.001), and have fewer comorbidities (P < 0.001) and higher rates of survival (P < 0.001). Year of infection (2013–2018) and having no comorbidities were independent protective factors against death among secondary healthcare workers cases. Conclusion Being able to protect healthcare workers from high threat respiratory pathogens, such as MERS-CoV is important for being able to reduce secondary transmission of MERS-CoV in healthcare-associated outbreaks. By extension, reducing infection in healthcare workers improves continuity of care for all patients within healthcare facilities.
JO  - Journal of Infection and Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 13
IS  - 3
PG  - 418-422
SP  - 418
EP  - 422
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiph.2019.04.011
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876034119301443
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Can Nigeria contain the COVID-19 outbreak using lessons from recent epidemics?
AU  - Ebenso, Bassey
AU  - Otu, Akaninyene
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - News broke on Feb 27, 2020, that an Italian citizen was Nigeria's first case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The individual had landed at Lagos airport 2 days earlier on a flight from northern Italy, and had subsequently travelled from Lagos to Ogun State, western Nigeria, where he became ill and was promptly isolated. He is currently being treated for mild symptoms of COVID-19 in a hospital in Lagos. Upon identifying the index case, National Emergency Operations Centres were immediately activated to trace his contacts. By March 9, 2020, 27 suspected cases had been identified across five states (Edo, Lagos, Ogun, Federal Capital Territory, and Kano), of which two were confirmed to be positive (ie, the index case and a contact), with no deaths.1 216 contacts were linked to the index case, 136 of whom are being followed up. Similar to COVID-19, the Ebola epidemic of 2014 was imported through Lagos airport. Within weeks, 19 people were diagnosed with Ebola across two states of Nigeria—Lagos and Rivers State—of whom eight died of Ebola.2 The dense population of Lagos, its overstrained infrastructure, and the fact that it is a major regional transit hub for air, land, and sea transport created the perfect conditions for the spread of Ebola. Nevertheless, Nigeria's aggressive and coordinated response successfully controlled the Ebola epidemic.
JO  - The Lancet Global Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30101-7
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30101-7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: China’s president Xi visits Wuhan amid confidence that virus is under control
AU  - Dyer, Owen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - China’s leader, Xi Jinping, toured the city of Wuhan on 10 March, appearing to claim at least a provisional victory in the battle to limit the spread of covid-19. The visit came as reported new cases in China continued to plummet and schools reopened in some parts of the country, even in the hardest hit Hubei province. China reported just 20 new confirmed cases on 10 March, 17 of them in Hubei province and the other three in Beijing, Guangdong, and Hong Kong. Over each of the previous five days China had reported 143 new confirmed cases, followed by 146, 102, 46, and 45. On 11 March the country reported 24 cases. Citing China’s declining rate of new infections, Xi suggested that a corner had been turned in the “people’s war” against the virus. “Hubei and Wuhan have been the decisive …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m995-m995
SP  - m995
EP  - m995
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m995
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m995
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A novel 2019: Coronavirus
AU  - Dudhal, S.
AU  - Mahajan, M.
AU  - Mehetre, G.
AU  - Pawar, R.
AU  - Bhujbal, N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A novel coronavirus (SCoV) is the etiological agent of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). SCoV-like viruses were isolated from Himalayan palm civets found in a live-animal market in Guangdong, China. Evidence of virus infection was also detected in other animals (including a raccoon dog, Nyctereutes procyonoides) and in humans working at the same market. The detection of SCoV-like viruses in small, live wild mammals in a retail market indicates a route of interspecies transmission, although the natural reservoir is not known. This review summarizes both classical and contemporary discoveries in the study of the molecular biology of these infectious agents, with particular emphasis on the nature and recognition of viral receptors, viral RNA synthesis, and the molecular interactions governing viral assembly.
JO  - International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 60
IS  - 2
PG  - 121-124
SP  - 121
EP  - 124
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2003928673
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Host factor prioritization for pan-viral genetic perturbation screens using random intercept models and network propagation
AU  - Dirmeier, Simon
AU  - Dächert, Christopher
AU  - van Hemert, Martijn
AU  - Tas, Ali
AU  - Ogando, Natacha S.
AU  - van Kuppeveld, Frank
AU  - Bartenschlager, Ralf
AU  - Kaderali, Lars
AU  - Binder, Marco
AU  - Beerenwinkel, Niko
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Genetic perturbation screens using RNA interference (RNAi) have been conducted successfully to identify host factors that are essential for the life cycle of bacteria or viruses. So far, most published studies identified host factors primarily for single pathogens. Furthermore, often only a small subset of genes, e.g., genes encoding kinases, have been targeted. Identification of host factors on a pan-pathogen level, i.e., genes that are crucial for the replication of a diverse group of pathogens has received relatively little attention, despite the fact that such common host factors would be highly relevant, for instance, for devising broad-spectrum anti-pathogenic drugs. Here, we present a novel two-stage procedure for the identification of host factors involved in the replication of different viruses using a combination of random effects models and Markov random walks on a functional interaction network. We first infer candidate genes by jointly analyzing multiple perturbations screens while at the same time adjusting for high variance inherent in these screens. Subsequently the inferred estimates are spread across a network of functional interactions thereby allowing for the analysis of missing genes in the biological studies, smoothing the effect sizes of previously found host factors, and considering a priori pathway information defined over edges of the network. We applied the procedure to RNAi screening data of four different positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses, Hepatitis C virus, Chikungunya virus, Dengue virus and Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, and detected novel host factors, including UBC, PLCG1, and DYRK1B, which are predicted to significantly impact the replication cycles of these viruses. We validated the detected host factors experimentally using pharmacological inhibition and an additional siRNA screen and found that some of the predicted host factors indeed influence the replication of these pathogens.
JO  - PLOS Computational Biology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 16
IS  - 2
PG  - e1007587-e1007587
SP  - e1007587
EP  - e1007587
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1007587
UR  - https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1007587
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Medicine's Challenges: Vaping and Coronavirus
AU  - DiRenna, James
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Mo Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 117
IS  - 1
PG  - 16-16
SP  - 16
EP  - 16
AN  - 32158035
DO  - 
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32158035
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Identification of Coronavirus Sequences in Carp cDNA from Wuhan, China
AU  - Conway, Michael J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-like coronavirus sequences were identified in two separate cDNA pools. The first pool was from a Carassius auratus (crusian carp) cell line and the second was from Ctenopharyngodon idella (grass carp) head kidney tissue. BLAST analysis suggests that these sequences belong to SARS-like coronaviruses, and that they aren't evolutionarily conserved in other species. Investigation of the submitting laboratories revealed that two laboratories from the Institute of Hydrobiology at the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Wuhan, China performed the research and submitted the cDNA libraries to GenBank. This institution is very close in proximity to the Wuhan South China Seafood Wholesale Market where SARS-CoV-2 first amplified in the human population. It is possible that these sequences are an artifact of the bioinformatics pipeline that was used. It is also possible that SARS-like coronaviruses are a common environmental pathogen in the region that may be in aquatic habitats. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - J Med Virol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1002/jmv.25751
SP  - 10.1002/jmv.25751
EP  - 
AN  - 32159234
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25751
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32159234
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and psoriasis: is it time to limit treatment with immunosuppressants? A call for action
AU  - Conforti, Claudio
AU  - Giuffrida, Roberta
AU  - Dianzani, Caterina
AU  - Di Meo, Nicola
AU  - Zalaudek, Iris
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Dermatol Ther
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - e13298-e13298
SP  - e13298
EP  - e13298
AN  - 32157783
DO  - 10.1111/dth.13298
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32157783
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The third coronavirus epidemic in the third millennium: what's next?
AU  - Čivljak, R.
AU  - Markotić, A.
AU  - Kuzman, I.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Croatian medical journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 61
IS  - 1
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L631130995
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Use of personal protective equipment to protect against respiratory infections in Pakistan: A systematic review
AU  - Chughtai, Abrar Ahmad
AU  - Khan, Wasiq
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Like other low-income countries, limited data are available on the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) in Pakistan. We conducted a systematic review of studies on PPE use for respiratory infections in healthcare settings in Pakistan. MEDLINE, Embase and Goggle Scholar were searched for clinical, epidemiological and laboratory-based studies in English, and 13 studies were included; all were observational/cross-sectional studies. The studies examined PPE use in hospital (n=7), dental (n=4) or laboratory (n=2) settings. Policies and practices on PPE use were inconsistent. Face masks and gloves were the most commonly used PPE to protect from respiratory and other infections. PPE was not available in many facilities and its use was limited to high-risk situations. Compliance with PPE use was low among healthcare workers, and reuse of PPE was reported. Clear policies on the use of PPE and available PPE are needed to avoid inappropriate practices that could result in the spread of infection. Large, multimethod studies are recommended on PPE use to inform national infection-control guidelines.
JO  - Journal of Infection and Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 13
IS  - 3
PG  - 385-390
SP  - 385
EP  - 390
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiph.2020.02.032
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876034120303634
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How Should U.S. Hospitals Prepare for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)?
AU  - Chopra, Vineet
AU  - Toner, Eric
AU  - Waldhorn, Richard
AU  - Washer, Laraine
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Ann Intern Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.7326/M20-0907
SP  - 10.7326/M20
EP  - 0907
AN  - 32160273
DO  - 10.7326/M20-0907
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32160273
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical progression of patients with COVID-19 in Shanghai, China
AU  - Chen, Jun
AU  - Qi, Tangkai
AU  - Liu, Li
AU  - Ling, Yun
AU  - Qian, Zhiping
AU  - Li, Tao
AU  - Li, Feng
AU  - Xu, Qingnian
AU  - Zhang, Yuyi
AU  - Xu, Shuibao
AU  - Song, Zhigang
AU  - Zeng, Yigang
AU  - Shen, Yinzhong
AU  - Shi, Yuxin
AU  - Zhu, Tongyu
AU  - Lu, Hongzhou
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.004
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.004
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical study of mesenchymal stem cell treating acute respiratory distress syndrome induced by epidemic Influenza A (H7N9) infection, a hint for COVID-19 treatment
AU  - Chen, Jiajia
AU  - Hu, Chenxia
AU  - Chen, Lijun
AU  - Tang, Lingling
AU  - Zhu, Yixin
AU  - Xu, Xiaowei
AU  - Chen, Lu
AU  - Gao, Hainv
AU  - Lu, Xiaoqing
AU  - Yu, Liang
AU  - Dai, Xiahong
AU  - Xiang, Charlie
AU  - Li, Lanjuan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - H7N9 viruses quickly spread between mammalian hosts, and it carried out the risk of human-to-human transmission after outbreak in 2013. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), lung failure, and fulminant pneumonia are major lung diseases in H7N9 patients. Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is a promising choice for treating virus-induced pneumonia, and was needed to treat H7N9 induced ARDS at the time. MSCs transplant into patients with H7N9 induced ARDS were conducted in a single center and open-label clinical trial. Based on the principle of voluntariness and informed consent, 44 patients with H7N9 induced ARDS were included as a control group while 17 patients with H7N9 induced ARDS were served as an experimental group with allogeneic menstrual blood-derived MSC. Notably, MSC transplantation significantly lower the mortality compared with in control group (17.6% died in MSC group vs 54.5% died in control group). Furthermore, MSC transplantation did not result in harmful effects in human body within the 5 year follow up period with 4 patients. Collectively, these results suggest that MSCs significantly improve survival rate of H7N9 induced ARDS and provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of H7N9 induced ARDS in both preclinical research and clinical studies. Because H7N9 and the corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) share similar complications (such as ARDS and lung failure) and corresponding multi-organ dysfunction, MSC-based therapy could be a possible alternative for treating COVID-19.
JO  - Engineering
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eng.2020.02.006
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095809920300370
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How to understand the histopathology of SARS and COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome
AU  - Chen, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 49
IS  - 0
PG  - E007-E007
SP  - E007
EP  - E007
AN  - 32157847
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20200309-00185
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32157847
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Labs rush to study coronavirus in transgenic animals - some are in short supply
AU  - Callaway, Ewen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 579
IS  - 7798
PG  - 183-183
SP  - 183
EP  - 183
AN  - 32152596
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00698-x
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32152596
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Sex difference and smoking predisposition in patients with COVID-19
AU  - Cai, Hua
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is quickly turning into a pandemic. Although the disease is now better contained in China, 32 702 cases remain as of March 2, 2020. 10 566 cases and 166 deaths outside of China had been reported as of March 3 (WHO situation report 43), which is a large increase from the 2918 cases and 44 deaths reported on Feb 26 (WHO situation report 37). Rapid progress has been made with diagnostic reagents (eg, nucleic acid and IgM or IgG detection, or both), drug repurposing (eg, remdesivir and chloroquine), and vaccine production. Studies on the biology of viral infection and clinical management of the disease have also been published, some of which have demonstrated that differences in COVID-19 disease prevalence and severity are associated with sex, and smoking is related to higher expression of ACE2 (the receptor for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 [SARS-CoV-2]), so that might also be a factor. One study (preprint),1 using single-cell sequencing, found that expression of ACE2 was more predominant in Asian men, which might be the reason for the higher prevalence of COVID-19 in this subgroup of patients than in women and patients of other ethnicities. One study of 140 patients with COVID-19 in China,2 found the sex distribution equal; whereas, in a study of critically ill patients,3 more men were affected (67%) than women. In a latest report4 of 1099 patients with COVID-19 from 552 hospitals in 30 provinces in China, 58% of the patients were men. Taken together, these data seem to indicate that there might be a sex predisposition to COVID-19, with men more prone to being affected. This sex predisposition might be associated with the much higher smoking rate in men than in women in China (288 million men vs 12·6 million women were smokers in 2018). Of note, one study (preprint)5 found that although ACE2 expression was not significantly different between Asian and white people, men and women, or subgroups aged older and younger than 60 years, it was significantly higher in current smokers of Asian ethnicity than Asian non-smokers; although no difference was found between smokers and non-smokers who were white. Nonetheless, the current literature does not support smoking as a predisposing factor in men or any subgroup for infection with SARS-CoV-2. In the study by Zhang and colleagues,2 only 1·4% of patients were current smokers, although this number was much higher at 12·6% in the study by Guan and colleagues.4 The relatively small proportion of current smokers in each of these two studies compared with the proportion of male smokers in China (50·5%) are unlikely to be associated with incidence or severity of COVID-19. A trend towards an association was seen between smoking and severity of COVID-19 in the study by Zhang and colleagues2 (11·8% of smokers had non-severe disease vs 16·9% of smokers with severe disease), but it was not significant. Without strong evidence of an association between smoking and prevalence or severity of COVID-19 in Asian men compared with other subgroups, no firm conclusions can be drawn. With more cases being examined from different ethnic and genetic backgrounds worldwide, ACE2 expression variation can be better analysed and compared to establish whether it contributes to susceptibility to COVID-19 across the different subgroups.
JO  - The Lancet Respiratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30117-X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30117-X
NS  - 
N1  - Qingxia Zhong (2020-04-14 22:58:11)(Included): corrected: 48074; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Diabetes and COVID-19
AU  - Bloomgarden, Zachary T.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We acknowledge the frontline medical staff working day and night in China to rescue critical cases and protect the public health. We know that these great efforts are now and will be in the future crucial in overcoming COVID‐19. Providing care to people with diabetes is an important part of the effort. The Journal of Diabetes was started more than a decade ago in a spirit of collaboration between East and West addressing the epidemiology, etiology, pathogenesis, management, complications, and prevention of diabetes. The journal is issuing a call for submission of commentaries, original articles, and case reports regarding issues with COVID‐19 in patients with diabetes, as well as descriptions of basic aspects of the interrelationships between diabetes and the novel CoV. We hope in this way to support the thousands of Chinese medical workers involving themselves in the care of patients with COVID‐19, and we look forward to these efforts helping our goal of eradication of the disease
JO  - Journal of Diabetes
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 12
IS  - 4
PG  - 347-348
SP  - 347
EP  - 348
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/1753-0407.13027
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-0407.13027
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Performance of radiologists in differentiating COVID-19 from viral pneumonia on chest CT
AU  - Bai, Harrison X.
AU  - Hsieh, Ben
AU  - Xiong, Zeng
AU  - Halsey, Kasey
AU  - Choi, Ji Whae
AU  - Tran, Thi My Linh
AU  - Pan, Ian
AU  - Shi, Lin-Bo
AU  - Wang, Dong-Cui
AU  - Mei, Ji
AU  - Jiang, Xiao-Long
AU  - Zeng, Qiu-Hua
AU  - Egglin, Thomas K.
AU  - Hu, Ping-Feng
AU  - Agarwal, Saurabh
AU  - Xie, Fangfang
AU  - Li, Sha
AU  - Healey, Terrance
AU  - Atalay, Michael K.
AU  - Liao, Wei-Hua
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background Despite its high sensitivity in diagnosing COVID-19 in a screening population, chest CT appearances of COVID 19 pneumonia are thought to be non-specific. Purpose To assess the performance of United States (U.S.) and Chinese radiologists in differentiating COVID-19 from viral pneumonia on chest CT. Methods A total of 219 patients with both positive COVID-19 by RT-PCR and abnormal chest CT findings were retrospectively identified from 7 Chinese hospitals in Hunan Providence, China from January 6 to February 20, 2020. A total of 205 patients with positive Respiratory Pathogen Panel for viral pneumonia and CT findings consistent with or highly suspicious for pneumonia by original radiology interpretation within 7 days of each other were identified from Rhode Island Hospital in Providence, RI. Three Chinese radiologists blindly reviewed all chest CTs (n=424) to differentiate COVID-19 from viral pneumonia. A sample of 58 age-matched cases was randomly selected and evaluated by 4 U.S. radiologists in a similar fashion. Different CT features were recorded and compared between the two groups. Results For all chest CTs, three Chinese radiologists correctly differentiated COVID-19 from non-COVID-19 pneumonia 83% (350/424), 80% (338/424), and 60% (255/424) of the time, respectively. The seven radiologists had sensitivities of 80%, 67%, 97%, 93%, 83%, 73% and 70% and specificities of 100%, 93%, 7%, 100%, 93%, 93%, 100%. Compared to non-COVID-19 pneumonia, COVID-19 pneumonia was more likely to have a peripheral distribution (80% vs. 57%, p<0.001), ground-glass opacity (91% vs. 68%, p<0.001), fine reticular opacity (56% vs. 22%, p<0.001), and vascular thickening (59% vs. 22%, p<0.001), but less likely to have a central+peripheral distribution (14.% vs. 35%, p<0.001), pleural effusion (4.1 vs. 39%, p<0.001) and lymphadenopathy (2.7% vs. 10.2%, p<0.001). Conclusion Radiologists in China and the United States distinguished COVID-19 from viral pneumonia on chest CT with high specificity but moderate sensitivity. A translation of this abstract in Farsi is available in the supplement. - ترجمه چکیده این مقاله به فارسی، در ضمیمه موجود است.
JO  - Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 200823-200823
SP  - 200823
EP  - 200823
AN  - 32155105
DO  - 10.1148/radiol.2020200823
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32155105
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Adoption of COVID-19 triage strategies for low-income settings
AU  - Ayebare, Rodgers R.
AU  - Flick, Robert
AU  - Okware, Solome
AU  - Bodo, Bongomin
AU  - Lamorde, Mohammed
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Despite major advances in epidemic preparedness, Africa remains uniquely susceptible to novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). According to the Infectious Disease Vulnerability Index,1 22 of the 25 countries most susceptible to an infectious disease outbreak are in Africa. The high prevalence of HIV, tuberculosis, and other pathogens might potentiate the severity of COVID-19 and contribute to diagnostic uncertainty. Health-care systems and human resources are already spread thin. And although the young age of the population (with more than half aged younger than 20 years) might prove protective, it also means that Africa has much to lose in terms of disability-adjusted life years. On Feb 27, 2020, the first case of COVID-19 in sub-Saharan Africa was reported in Nigeria, making spread in the region more probable.2 While preparing a response to COVID-19 outbreak in Uganda, we read Jinnong Zhang and colleagues' work with great interest.3 We commend the authors for distilling complex information regarding triage and clinical care for patients who have a novel pathogen, for which there is little evidence, into a succinct flowchart. Unfortunately, many aspects of their algorithm would not be feasible in our setting. Chest CT, complete blood counts with differential, and C-reactive protein are all central to their algorithm, and none are routinely available in Uganda.
JO  - The Lancet Respiratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30114-4
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30114-4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The pandemic of coronavirus: tackling the latest plague
AU  - Ashton, John
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J R Soc Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 113
IS  - 3
PG  - 123-124
SP  - 123
EP  - 124
AN  - 32160114
DO  - 10.1177/0141076820910926
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32160114
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Potential inhibitors against papain-like protease of novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) from FDA approved drugs
AU  - Arya, Rimanshee
AU  - Das, Amit
AU  - Prashar, Vishal
AU  - Kumar, Mukesh
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Licence: CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 Citation information: Arya, Rimanshee; Das, Amit; Prashar, Vishal; Kumar, Mukesh (2020): Potential inhibitors against papain-like protease of novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) from FDA approved drugs. ChemRxiv. Preprint. https://doi.org/10.26434/chemrxiv.11860011.v2 The cases of 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection have been continuously increasing ever since its outbreak in China last December. Currently, there are no approved drugs to treat the infection. In this scenario, there is a need to utilize the existing repertoire of FDA approved drugs to treat the disease. The rational selection of these drugs could be made by testing their ability to inhibit any SARS-CoV-2 proteins essential for viral life-cycle. We chose one such crucial viral protein, the papain-like protease (PLpro), to screen the FDA approved drugs in silico. The homology model of the protease was built based on the SARS-coronavirus PLpro structure, and the drugs were docked in S3/S4 pockets of the active site of the enzyme. In our docking studies, sixteen FDA approved drugs, including chloroquine and formoterol, was found to bind the target enzyme with significant affinity and good geometry, suggesting their potential to be utilized against the virus. File list (1) download file view on ChemRxiv 2019-nCoV_final_draft2_ChemRxiv.pdf (1.15 MiB) Abstract The cases of 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection have been continuously increasing ever since its outbreak in China last December. Currently, there are no approved drugs to treat the infection. In this scenario, there is a need to utilize the existing repertoire of FDA approved drugs to treat the disease. The rational selection of these drugs could be made by testing their ability to inhibit any SARS-CoV-2 proteins essential for viral life-cycle. We chose one such crucial viral protein, the papain-like protease (PLpro), to screen the FDA approved drugs in silico. The homology model of the protease was built based on the SARS-coronavirus PLpro structure, and the drugs were docked in S3/S4 pockets of the active site of the enzyme. In our docking studies, sixteen FDA approved drugs, including chloroquine and formoterol, was found to bind the target enzyme with significant affinity and good geometry, suggesting their potential to be utilized against the virus.
JO  - chemrxiv.org
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.26434/chemrxiv.11860011.v2
UR  - https://doi.org/10.26434/chemrxiv.11860011.v2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Bayesian approach for detecting a disease that is not being modeled
AU  - Aronis, John M.
AU  - Ferraro, Jeffrey P.
AU  - Gesteland, Per H.
AU  - Tsui, Fuchiang
AU  - Ye, Ye
AU  - Wagner, Michael M.
AU  - Cooper, Gregory F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Over the past decade, outbreaks of new or reemergent viruses such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) virus, Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) virus, and Zika have claimed thousands of lives and cost governments and healthcare systems billions of dollars. Because the appearance of new or transformed diseases is likely to continue, the detection and characterization of emergent diseases is an important problem. We describe a Bayesian statistical model that can detect and characterize previously unknown and unmodeled diseases from patient-care reports and evaluate its performance on historical data.
JO  - PLOS ONE
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 15
IS  - 2
PG  - e0229658-e0229658
SP  - e0229658
EP  - e0229658
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1371/journal.pone.0229658
UR  - https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0229658
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - From SARS and MERS CoVs to SARS-CoV-2: moving toward more biased codon usage in viral structural and non-structural genes
AU  - Kandeel, Mahmoud
AU  - Ibrahim, Abdel Azim
AU  - Fayez, Mahmoud
AU  - Al-Nazawi, Mohammed
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: SARS-CoV-2 is an emerging disease with fatal outcomes. In this study, a fundamental knowledge gap question is to be resolved by evaluating the differences in biological and pathogenic aspects of SARS-CoV-2 and the changes in SARS-CoV-2 in comparison with the two prior major COV epidemics, SARS and MERS coronaviruses. METHODS: The genome composition, nucleotides analysis, codon usage indices, relative synonymous codons usage (RESU) and effective number of codons (ENc) were analysed in the four structural genes; Spike (S), Envelope (E), membrane (M), and Nucleocapsid (N) genes, and two of the most important non-structural genes comprising RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP) and main protease (Mpro) of SARS-CoV-2, Beta-CoV from pangolins, bat SARS, MERS and SARS CoVs. These genes include Spike (S), nucleocapsid (N), Envelop(E) and membrane (M) genes. RESULTS: SARS-CoV-2 prefers pyrimidine rich codons to purines. Most high-frequency codons were ending with A or T, while the low frequency and rare codons were ending with G or C. SARS-CoV-2 structural proteins showed 5-20 lower ENc values, compared with SARS, bat SARS and MERS CoVs. This implies higher codon bias and higher gene expression efficiency of SARS-CoV-2 structural proteins. SARS-CoV-2 encoded the highest number of over biased and negatively biased codons. Pangolin Beta-CoV showed little differences with SARS-CoV-2 ENc values, compared with SARS, bat SARS and MERS CoV. CONCLUSION: Extreme bias and lower ENc values of SARS-CoV-2, especially in Spike, Envelope and Mpro genes, are suggestive for higher gene expression efficiency, compared with SARS, bat SARS and MERS CoVs. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - J Med Virol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1002/jmv.25754
SP  - 10.1002/jmv.25754
EP  - 
AN  - 32159237
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25754
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32159237
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Geographical tracking and mapping of coronavirus disease COVID-19/severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) epidemic and associated events around the world: how 21st century GIS technologies are supporting the global fight against outbreaks and epidemics
AU  - Kamel Boulos, Maged N.
AU  - Geraghty, Estella M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, a new virus (initially called ‘Novel Coronavirus 2019-nCoV’ and later renamed to SARS-CoV-2) causing severe acute respiratory syndrome (coronavirus disease COVID-19) emerged in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, and rapidly spread to other parts of China and other countries around the world, despite China’s massive efforts to contain the disease within Hubei. As with the original SARS-CoV epidemic of 2002/2003 and with seasonal influenza, geographic information systems and methods, including, among other application possibilities, online real-or near-real-time mapping of disease cases and of social media reactions to disease spread, predictive risk mapping using population travel data, and tracing and mapping super-spreader trajectories and contacts across space and time, are proving indispensable for timely and effective epidemic monitoring and response. This paper offers pointers to, and describes, a range of practical online/mobile GIS and mapping dashboards and applications for tracking the 2019/2020 coronavirus epidemic and associated events as they unfold around the world. Some of these dashboards and applications are receiving data updates in near-real-time (at the time of writing), and one of them is meant for individual users (in China) to check if the app user has had any close contact with a person confirmed or suspected to have been infected with SARS-CoV-2 in the recent past. We also discuss additional ways GIS can support the fight against infectious disease outbreaks and epidemics.
JO  - International Journal of Health Geographics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 19
IS  - 1
PG  - 8-8
SP  - 8
EP  - 8
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s12942-020-00202-8
UR  - https://ij-healthgeographics.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12942-020-00202-8
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Frequency of arrhythmia in novel coronavirus 2019 infection
AU  - Joob, Beuy
AU  - Wiwanitkit, Viroj
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Dear Editor, novel coronavirus 2019 infection is a new coronavirus disease that was firstly reported from China.1 The disease is a respiratory infection but there might be atypical presentation. Focusing on atypical presentation, arrhythmia is a possible clinical problem. Here, the authors performed a summative analysis on available data to calculate for the expected rate of arrhythmia in novel coronavirus 2019 infection. Available data on 314 cases of novel coronavirus 2019 infections2-4 are summarized and further analyzed. Of those 314 cases, lymphocytopenia is detected in 16 cases. The expected rate is equal to 4.46% (95% confidence interval = 2.67%‐7.44%). Based on this observation, arrhythmia is a possible uncommon clinical presentation of the new disease. However, the exact mechanism of arrhythmia is unknown. Additional study on the exact pathophysiology of arrhythmia in novel coronavirus 2019 infection is interesting.
JO  - Journal of Arrhythmia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/joa3.12330
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/joa3.12330
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Potential scenarios for the progression of a COVID-19 epidemic in the European Union and the European Economic Area, March 2020
AU  - Johnson, Helen C.
AU  - Gossner, Céline M.
AU  - Colzani, Edoardo
AU  - Kinsman, John
AU  - Alexakis, Leonidas
AU  - Beauté, Julien
AU  - Würz, Andrea
AU  - Tsolova, Svetla
AU  - Bundle, Nick
AU  - Ekdahl, Karl
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Two months after the emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the possibility of established and widespread community transmission in the European Union and European Economic Area (EU/EEA) is becoming more likely. We provide scenarios for use in preparedness for a possible widespread epidemic. The EU/EEA is moving towards the 'limited sustained transmission' phase. We propose actions to prepare for potential mitigation phases and coordinate efforts to protect the health of citizens.
JO  - Euro Surveill
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 25
IS  - 9
PG  - 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.9.2000202
SP  - 10.2807/1560
EP  - 7917.ES.2020.25.9.2000202
AN  - 32156332
DO  - 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.9.2000202
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32156332
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - CT Manifestations of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia: A Case Report
AU  - An, Peng
AU  - Song, Ping
AU  - Lian, Kai
AU  - Wang, Yong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Since December 2019, the outbreak of the novel coronavirus has impacted nearly >90,000 people in more than 75 countries. In this case report, we aim to define the chest computed tomography findings of 2019-novel coronavirus associated with pneumonia and its successful resolution after treatment. CASE REPORT: A fifty-year-old female patient, who is a businesswoman, presented with chief complaints of “fever for one week, diarrhea, anorexia, and asthenia.” Initially, she was given Tamiflu. The influenza A virus serology was negative. Three days later, levofloxacin was started because the patient’s symptoms did not improve. The novel coronavirus nucleic acid test was negative. It was noted that before the onset of the disease, the patient went to Wuhan on a business trip. Despite the given treatment, her body temperature rose to 39.2°C and she was referred to our clinic for further evaluation. Then, chest computed tomography was performed and showed bilateral multifocal ground glass opacities with consolidation which suggested viral pneumonia as a differential diagnosis, and the subsequent 2019-novel coronavirus pneumonia nucleic acid test was positive. CONCLUSION: Chest computed tomography offers fast and convenient evaluation of patients with suspected 2019-novel coronavirus pneumonia.
JO  - Balkan Med J
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2020.2020.2.15
SP  - 10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2020.2020.2.15
EP  - 
AN  - 32157862
DO  - 10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2020.2020.2.15
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32157862
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - All roads lead to coronavirus
AU  - Abbasi, Kamran
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J R Soc Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 113
IS  - 3
PG  - 91-91
SP  - 91
EP  - 91
AN  - 32160122
DO  - 10.1177/0141076820911516
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32160122
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A pandemic in all but name
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The spread of the coronavirus beyond China is entering a critical new phase
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 245
IS  - 3271
PG  - 5
SP  - 5
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30423-1
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920304231
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - L’informazione utile sul coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) non è controllata?
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Recenti Prog Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 111
IS  - 3
PG  - 169-170
SP  - 169
EP  - 170
AN  - 32157266
DO  - 10.1701/3315.32860
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32157266
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Estimation of temporal covariances in pathogen dynamics using Bayesian multivariate autoregressive models
AU  - Mair, Colette
AU  - Nickbakhsh, Sema
AU  - Reeve, Richard
AU  - McMenamin, Jim
AU  - Reynolds, Arlene
AU  - Gunson, Rory N.
AU  - Murcia, Pablo R.
AU  - Matthews, Louise
PY  - 2019
PD  - 
N2  - It is well recognised that animal and plant pathogens form complex ecological communities of interacting organisms within their hosts, and there is growing interest in the health implications of such pathogen interactions. Although community ecology approaches have been used to identify pathogen interactions at the within-host scale, methodologies enabling robust identification of interactions from population-scale data such as that available from health authorities are lacking. To address this gap, we developed a statistical framework that jointly identifies interactions between multiple viruses from contemporaneous non-stationary infection time series. Our conceptual approach is derived from a Bayesian multivariate disease mapping framework. Importantly, our approach captures within- and between-year dependencies in infection risk while controlling for confounding factors such as seasonality, demographics and infection frequencies, allowing genuine pathogen interactions to be distinguished from simple correlations. We validated our framework using a broad range of synthetic data. We then applied it to diagnostic data available for five respiratory viruses co-circulating in a major urban population between 2005 and 2013: adenovirus, human coronavirus, human metapneumovirus, influenza B virus and respiratory syncytial virus. We found positive and negative covariances indicative of epidemiological interactions among specific virus pairs. This statistical framework enables a community ecology perspective to be applied to infectious disease epidemiology with important utility for public health planning and preparedness.
JO  - PLOS Computational Biology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 15
IS  - 12
PG  - e1007492-e1007492
SP  - e1007492
EP  - e1007492
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1007492
UR  - https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1007492
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Improved molecular diagnosis of COVID-19 by the novel, highly sensitive and specific COVID-19-RdRp/Hel real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assay validated <i>in vitro</i> and with clinical specimens
AU  - Chan, Jasper Fuk-Woo
AU  - Yip, Cyril Chik-Yan
AU  - To, Kelvin Kai-Wang
AU  - Tang, Tommy Hing-Cheung
AU  - Wong, Sally Cheuk-Ying
AU  - Leung, Kit-Hang
AU  - Fung, Agnes Yim-Fong
AU  - Ng, Anthony Chin-Ki
AU  - Zou, Zijiao
AU  - Tsoi, Hoi-Wah
AU  - Choi, Garnet Kwan-Yue
AU  - Tam, Anthony Raymond
AU  - Cheng, Vincent Chi-Chung
AU  - Chan, Kwok-Hung
AU  - Tsang, Owen Tak-Yin
AU  - Yuen, Kwok-Yung
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p> On 31 <sup>st</sup> December 2019, the World Health Organization was informed of a cluster of cases of pneumonia of unknown etiology in Wuhan, China. Subsequent investigations identified a novel coronavirus, now named as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), from the affected patients. Highly sensitive and specific laboratory diagnostics are important for controlling the rapidly evolving SARS-CoV-2-associated Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic. In this study, we developed and compared the performance of three novel real-time RT-PCR assays targeting the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp)/helicase (Hel), spike (S), and nucleocapsid (N) genes of SARS-CoV-2 with that of the reported RdRp-P2 assay which is used in &gt;30 European laboratories. Among the three novel assays, the COVID-19-RdRp/Hel assay had the lowest limit of detection <italic>in vitro</italic> (1.8 TCID <sub>50</sub> /ml with genomic RNA and 11.2 RNA copies/reaction with <italic>in vitro</italic> RNA transcripts). Among 273 specimens from 15 patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 in Hong Kong, 77 (28.2%) were positive by both the COVID-19-RdRp/Hel and RdRp-P2 assays. The COVID-19-RdRp/Hel assay was positive for an additional 42 RdRd-P2-negative specimens [119/273 (43.6%) vs 77/273 (28.2%), P&lt;0.001], including 29/120 (24.2%) respiratory tract specimens and 13/153 (8.5%) non-respiratory tract specimens. The mean viral load of these specimens was 3.21×10 <sup>4</sup> RNA copies/ml (range, 2.21×10 <sup>2</sup> to 4.71×10 <sup>5</sup> RNA copies/ml). The COVID-19-RdRp/Hel assay did not cross-react with other human-pathogenic coronaviruses and respiratory pathogens in cell culture and clinical specimens, whereas the RdRp-P2 assay cross-reacted with SARS-CoV in cell culture. The highly sensitive and specific COVID-19-RdRp/Hel assay may help to improve the laboratory diagnosis of COVID-19. </p>
JO  - Journal of Clinical Microbiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1128/JCM.00310-20
UR  - http://jcm.asm.org/lookup/doi/10.1128/JCM.00310-20
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - First case of severe childhood novel coronavirus pneumonia in China TT - 中华儿科杂志
AU  - Chen, Feng
AU  - Liu, Zhi-sheng
AU  - Zhang, Fu-rong
AU  - Xiong, Rui-hua
AU  - Chen, Yang
AU  - Cheng, X. Feng
AU  - Wang, Wen-yong
AU  - Ren, Jie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Summary One patient with a complaint of "intermittent diarrhea, vomiting for 6 days, fever with shortness of breath for half a day" was referred to the Department of Critical Medicine, Wuhan Children's Hospital, and was diagnosed with neonatal severe coronavirus pneumonia (NCP). Relevant databases such as China Knowledge Net, Weipu, Wanfang and other related databases were searched with the keywords of "new coronavirus pneumonia", "children", and "critical severity" as of February 8, 2020. This case is the first child with severe NCP in China. It started with gastrointestinal symptoms, early respiratory symptoms were not obvious, and rapidly progressed to acute respiratory distress syndrome, septic shock, and acute renal failure. The patient was negative for nucleic acid test of 2019 new-type coronavirus (2019-nCoV) for 2 consecutive consecutive throat swabs. For severe suspected cases, it is recommended to take samples of the lower respiratory tract or repeat samples of the upper respiratory tract for testing. Continuous blood purification technology can be applied to the treatment of children with severe NCP as early as possible.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Pediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 12
PG  - 5-5
SP  - 5
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1310.2020.0005
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A report of clinical diagnosis and treatment of 9 cases of coronavirus disease 2019
AU  - Chen, Qing
AU  - Quan, Bin
AU  - Li, Xiaoning
AU  - Gao, Guangjian
AU  - Zheng, Wenqiang
AU  - Zhang, Jun
AU  - Zhang, Zhiyun
AU  - Liu, Chunsheng
AU  - Li, Li
AU  - Wang, Chenglin
AU  - Zhang, Guihua
AU  - Li, Jiajia
AU  - Dai, Yunhai
AU  - Yang, Jianghua
AU  - Han, Wenzheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has become the important public health issue in the world. More than 78,000 cases were confirmed around the world. The main clinical manifestations were respiratory symptoms and occasional gastrointestinal symptoms. However, there is no unified standard for the diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19. In retrospective analysis, we report nine cases of COVID-19, describe the history of contact, clinical manifestations, the course of diagnosis and clinical treatment before, during and after treatment. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1002/jmv.25755-10.1002/jmv.25755
SP  - 10.1002/jmv.25755
EP  - 10.1002/jmv.25755
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25755
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32162699
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chest computed tomography images of early coronavirus disease (COVID-19)
AU  - Chen, Rong
AU  - Chen, Jun
AU  - Meng, Qing-Tao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1007/s12630-020-01625-4
SP  - 10.1007/s12630
EP  - 020
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12630-020-01625-4
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32162211
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Estimating the reproductive number and the outbreak size of Novel Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) using mathematical model in Republic of Korea
AU  - Choi, Sunhwa Choi
AU  - Ki, Moran
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVES: Since the first novel coronavirus disease(COVID-19) patient was diagnosed on 20-Jan, about 30 patients were diagnosed in Korea until 17-Feb. However, 5,298 more patient were confirmed until 4-Mar. The purpose is to estimate and evaluate the effectiveness of preventive measures using mathematical modeling. METHODS: Deterministic mathematical model(SEIHR) has been established to suit the Korean outbreak. The number of confirmed patients in Daegu and North Gyeongsang Province(Daegu/NGP), the main area of outbreak, were used. The first patient's symptom onset date was assumed on 22-Jan. We estimate the reproduction number(R), and the effect of preventive measures, assuming that the effect has been shown from 29-Feb. or 5-Mar. RESULTS: The estimated R in Hubei Province was 4.2655, while the estimated initial R in Korea was 0.5555, but later in Daegu/NGP, the value was between 3.4721 and 3.5428. When the transmission period decreases from 4 days to 2 days, the outbreak finished early, but the peak of the epidemic has increased, and the total number of patients has not changed much. If transmission rate decreases about 90% or 99%, the outbreak finished early, and the size of the peak and the total number of patients also decreased. CONCLUSION: To early end of the COVID-19 epidemic, efforts to reduce the spread of the virus such as social distancing and mask wearing are absolutely crucial with the participation of the public, along with the policy of reducing the transmission period by finding and isolating patients as quickly as possible through efforts by the quarantine authorities.
JO  - Epidemiology and health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - e2020011-e2020011
SP  - e2020011
EP  - e2020011
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4178/epih.e2020011
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32164053
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Policies on the use of Respiratory Protection for Hospital Health Workers to Protect from Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)
AU  - Chughtai, Abrar A.
AU  - Seale, Holly
AU  - Islam, Md Saiful
AU  - Owais, Mohammad
AU  - Macintyre, C. Raina
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International Journal of Nursing Studies
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 103567-103567
SP  - 103567
EP  - 103567
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2020.103567
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0020748920300523
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Ready, steady . . . go?
AU  - Coombes, Rebecca
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As the gravity of the covid-19 outbreak unfolds, it’s clear that this crisis requires a balanced approach that tells people what they and the health system can do without causing panic. This week The BMJ publishes a guide for GPs on managing patients with covid-19, pulling together guidance from Public Health England and Health Protection Scotland (doi:10.1136/bmj.m800). It covers identifying potential new cases, how to correctly isolate patients to prevent onward transmission, and referring severely unwell patients safely to …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m984-m984
SP  - m984
EP  - m984
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m984
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m984
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - New insights on the antiviral effects of chloroquine against coronavirus: what to expect for COVID-19?
AU  - Devaux, Christian A.
AU  - Rolain, Jean-Marc
AU  - Colson, Philippe
AU  - Raoult, Didier
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Recently, a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), officially known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), emerged in China. Despite drastic containment measures, the spread of this virus is ongoing. SARS-CoV-2 is the aetiological agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) characterised by pulmonary infection in humans. The efforts of international health authorities have since focused on rapid diagnosis and isolation of patients as well as the search for therapies able to counter the most severe effects of the disease. In the absence of a known efficient therapy and because of the situation of a public-health emergency, it made sense to investigate the possible effect of chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine against SARS-CoV-2 since this molecule was previously described as a potent inhibitor of most coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-1. Preliminary trials of chloroquine repurposing in the treatment of COVID-19 in China have been encouraging, leading to several new trials. Here we discuss the possible mechanisms of chloroquine interference with the SARS-CoV-2 replication cycle.
JO  - International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 105938-105938
SP  - 105938
EP  - 105938
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105938
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0924857920300881
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Possible therapeutic role of a highly standardized mixture of active compounds derived from cultured Lentinula edodes mycelia (AHCC) in patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus
AU  - Di Pierro, Francesco
AU  - Bertuccioli, Alexander
AU  - Cavecchia, Ilaria
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 disease (COVID-19) is currently, March 2020, affecting more than 100000 people worldwide and, according to the WHO (World Health Organization), a pandemic is shortly expected. The virus infects the lower respiratory tract and causes severe pneumonia and mortality in approximately 10% and 3-5%, respectively, of cases, mainly among the elderly and/or people affected by other diseases. AHCC is an α-glucan-based standardized mushroom extract that has been extensively investigated as an immunostimulant both in animals and/or in humans affected by West Nile virus, influenza virus, avian influenza virus, hepatitis C virus, papillomavirus, herpes virus, hepatitis B virus and HIV by promoting a regulated and protective immune response. Although the efficacy of AHCC has not yet been specifically evaluated with respect to SARS-CoV-2 disease, its action in promoting a protective response to a wide range of viral infections, and the current absence of effective vaccines, could support its use in the prevention of diseases provoked by human pathogenic coronavirus, including COVID-19.
JO  - Minerva gastroenterologica e dietologica
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.23736/S1121-421X.20.02697-5
SP  - 10.23736/S1121
EP  - 421X.20.02697
AN  - 
DO  - 10.23736/S1121-421X.20.02697-5
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32162896
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Epidemic: What Are the Risks for Older Patients?
AU  - Garnier-Crussard, Antoine
AU  - Forestier, Emmanuel
AU  - Gilbert, Thomas
AU  - Krolak-Salmon, Pierre
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1111/jgs.16407-10.1111/jgs.16407
SP  - 10.1111/jgs.16407
EP  - 10.1111/jgs.16407
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jgs.16407
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32162679
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Video consultations for covid-19
AU  - Greenhalgh, Trisha
AU  - Wherton, Joe
AU  - Shaw, Sara
AU  - Morrison, Clare
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - An opportunity in a crisis? The rapid spread of covid-19, and the fact that healthcare facilities could be sources of contagion, has focused attention on new models of care that avoid face-to-face contact between clinician and patient. There has been particular interest in video consultations, which are already being rolled out in many countries as part of national digital health strategies.123 How appropriate are video consultations for dealing with the coronavirus crisis—and what are the challenges of scaling up this model at speed? Randomised trials (most of which were underpowered) have shown that clinical consultations conducted through a video link tend to be associated with high satisfaction among patients and staff; no difference in disease progression; no substantial difference in service use; and lower transaction costs compared with traditional clinic based care.4567 However, almost all this evidence pertains to highly selected samples of hospital outpatients with chronic, stable conditions and is largely irrelevant to the current escalating situation involving patients with an acute and potentially serious illness. Organisational case studies have shown that introducing video consultations is a complex change that disrupts long established processes and routines.891011 Some …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m998-m998
SP  - m998
EP  - m998
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m998
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m998
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Quarantine the cat? Disinfect the dog? The latest advice about the coronavirus and your pets
AU  - Grimm, David
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - When a Pomeranian in Hong Kong tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 last week, pets quickly became part of the coronavirus conversation. The case raised the alarming possibility that pets could become part of the transmission chain for the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, which could potentially harm both them and us. But many questions remain about this possibility and how best to respond.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb7027
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/03/quarantine-cat-disinfect-dog-latest-advice-about-coronavirus-and-your-pets
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 RNA more readily detected in induced sputum than in throat swabs of convalescent COVID-19 patients
AU  - Han, Huanqin
AU  - Luo, Qingfeng
AU  - Mo, Fan
AU  - Long, Lieming
AU  - Zheng, Weiqiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30174-2
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1473309920301742
NS  - 
N1  - Qingxia Zhong (2020-04-14 23:00:38)(Included): corrected by 48073; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - What further should be done to control COVID-19 outbreaks in addition to cases isolation and contact tracing measures?
AU  - He, Zhenjian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Historically, these interventions have been successfully applied for controlling a variety of emerging infectious disease outbreaks, such as smallpox and SARS, but only partially effective for foot-and-mouth disease, and likely not effective for influenza [2,3,4]. Currently, it is not yet clear whether case isolation and contact tracing measures are sufficient to contain a new outbreak from COVID-19. Recently, Hellewell and colleagues developed a stochastic transmission model to assess the potential effectiveness of case isolation and contact tracing in controlling COVID-19 outbreak [5]. They suggested that in most modeled scenarios contact tracing and case isolation alone might be insufficient to control a new outbreak of COVID-19 within 3 months, especially when longer delays from symptom onset to isolation, fewer cases ascertained by contact tracing, and increased transmission before symptoms exist. It is the first study using a stochastic model to evaluate the effects of isolation and contact tracing intervention for outbreak of COVID-19. In this study, the authors simplified the outputs of their model to the effects of contact tracing and isolation on the control of outbreaks under different scenarios of transmission, and included several parameters (e.g., the basic reproduction number R0, the delay from symptom onset to isolation, and the probability contacts were traced) other than merely focusing on R0. This interesting study provides a timely evaluation strategy to quantify the potential effectiveness of case isolation and contact tracing measures and may bring insights for the control the COVID-19 outbreak in China and probably other areas of the world as wellDO - 10.1186/s12916-020-01551-8
JO  - BMC Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 18
IS  - 1
PG  - 80
SP  - 80
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-020-01551-8
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Offline: A dangerous virus, but not the one you think
AU  - Horton, Richard
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Perspective. It's in short supply these days. Coronavirus has saturated the attention of politicians, policy makers, journalists, and even medical journal editors for several months now. There seems to be no end in sight. But while we wrestle with the difference between containment and delay, prospects for a vaccine, and the mental state of an American President who wilfully ignores the advice of his own Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, we should not forget the threat posed by other viruses. We should especially not forget HIV. There have been around 100 000 confirmed cases of coronavirus infection worldwide. Yet please don’t neglect the fact that 38 million people globally are living with HIV, including 1·7 million children under 15 years. 1·7 million people are newly infected with HIV annually. 6000 women aged 15–24 years are infected every week. Coronavirus is reported to have killed fewer than 4000 people so far. Meanwhile, 770 000 people die every year from AIDS-related illnesses. We should certainly take coronavirus very seriously indeed. But we must also put this new pandemic in perspective. So far, we have not.
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10227
PG  - 854
SP  - 854
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30602-4
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30602-4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Applications of google search trends for risk communication in infectious disease management: A case study of COVID-19 outbreak in Taiwan
AU  - Husnayain, Atina
AU  - Fuad, Anis
AU  - Su, Emily Chia-Yu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective An emerging outbreak of COVID-19 has been detected in at least 26 countries worldwide. Given this pandemic situation, robust risk communication is urgently needed particularly in affected countries. Therefore, this study explored the potential use of Google Trends (GT) to monitor public restlessness toward COVID-19 epidemic infection in Taiwan. Methods We retrieved GT data for the specific locations of Taiwan nationwide and subregions using defined search terms related to coronavirus, handwashing, and face masks. Results Searches related to COVID-19 and face masks in Taiwan increased rapidly, following the announcements of Taiwan’ first imported case and reached its peak as local cases were reported. However, searches for handwashing were gradually increased in period of face masks shortage. Moreover, high to moderate correlations between Google relative search volume (RSV) and COVID-19 cases were found in Taipei (lag-3), New Taipei (lag-2), Taoyuan (lag-2), Tainan (lag-1), Taichung (lag0), and Kaohsiung (lag0). Conclusion In response to the ongoing outbreak, our results demonstrated that GT could potentially define the proper timing and location for practicing appropriate risk communication strategies to the affected population.
JO  - International Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.03.021
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971220301405
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A high ATP concentration enhances the cooperative translocation of the SARS coronavirus helicase nsP13 in the unwinding of duplex RNA
AU  - Jang, Kyoung-Jin
AU  - Jeong, Seonghwan
AU  - Kang, Dong Young
AU  - Sp, Nipin
AU  - Yang, Young Mok
AU  - Kim, Dong-Eun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus nonstructural protein 13 (SCV nsP13), a superfamily 1 helicase, plays a central role in viral RNA replication through the unwinding of duplex RNA and DNA with a 5' single-stranded tail in a 5' to 3' direction. Despite its putative role in viral RNA replication, nsP13 readily unwinds duplex DNA by cooperative translocation. Herein, nsP13 exhibited different characteristics in duplex RNA unwinding than that in duplex DNA. nsP13 showed very poor processivity on duplex RNA compared with that on duplex DNA. More importantly, nsP13 inefficiently unwinds duplex RNA by increasing the 5'-ss tail length. As the concentration of nsP13 increased, the amount of unwound duplex DNA increased and that of unwound duplex RNA decreased. The accumulation of duplex RNA/nsP13 complexes increased as the concentration of nsP13 increased. An increased ATP concentration in the unwinding of duplex RNA relieved the decrease in duplex RNA unwinding. Thus, nsP13 has a strong affinity for duplex RNA as a substrate for the unwinding reaction, which requires increased ATPs to processively unwind duplex RNA. Our results suggest that duplex RNA is a preferred substrate for the helicase activity of nsP13 than duplex DNA at high ATP concentrations.
JO  - Scientific reports
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 10
IS  - 1
PG  - 4481-4481
SP  - 4481
EP  - 4481
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41598-020-61432-1
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32161317
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - CT appearance of new coronavirus pneumonia in subclinical period and short-term changes
AU  - JIANG, Nanchuan
AU  - ZHENG, Chuansheng
AU  - FAN, Yanqing
AU  - HAN, Xiaoyu
AU  - CHEN, Yan
AU  - CHENG, Qiguang
AU  - LIANG, Bo
AU  - HAN, Ping
AU  - SHI, Heshui
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To explore the characteristics and short-term changes of high resolutionCT (HRCT) in subclinical stage of new coronavirus pneumonia (NCP). Methods TheHRCT images of 17 NCP patients in subclinical stage were analyzed retrospectively in Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of science and technology and Wuhan JinyintanHospital from January 15 to January 31, 2020. There were 4 males and 13 females, aged from 25.0 to 51.0 (39.8&plusmn;7.5) years, who were closely contacted with NCP patients. The follow-up CT examination was performed 3 to 6 days after the initial CT examination in all patients. Six patients were treated using anti-virus, anti-inflammation andsymptomatic therapy, while the orther 11 patients were untreated. The CT imaging signs of subclinical and short-term follow-up were analyzed, and the CT image changes of short-term follow-up was summarized. Results Thelesions of 17 NCP patients were mainly located at the lower lobes of both lungs (9 cases at the left lower lobe and 10 cases at the right lower lobe in the subclinical stage, 9 casesat the left lower lobe and 11casesat the right lower lobe in the short-term follow-up). The number of lung segments involved increased from 46 in the subclinical stage to 90 in the short-term follow-up. In the subclinical stage, most of the lesions were multiple (13 cases), while in the short-term follow-up, the number of multiple cases decreased (7 cases), focal (6 cases) and diffuse distribution(4 cases) increased. The lesions were mainly distributed under the pleura (13 cases) or along the bronchovascular bundle (10 cases). In the short-term follow-up, 1 case progressed from subpleural to subpleural and along the bronchovascular bundle. There were 3 main types of lesions, including ground glass nodule, ground glass opacity and crazy-paving pattern. In the subclinical stage and short-term follow-up, ground glass nodules were seen in all the 17 cases. In the short-termfollow-up, ground glass nodules decreased in 4 cases and crazy-paving pattern increased in 4 cases. In 6 patients after treatment, 3 cases were changed from multiple to single ground glass nodule, 3 cases showed multiple ground glass opacity reduced. Therange of lesions in 11 patients without treatment enlarged. Conclusion TheHRCT features of the NCP patients in subcilincal stagehave some charicteristics, such as small ground glass nodule, ground glass opacity along the subpleural or along the bronchovascular bundle, and the great changescan be seen in the short-term follow-up.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 0
PG  - E008-E008
SP  - E008
EP  - E008
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - History in a Crisis - Lessons for Covid-19
AU  - Jones, David S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The New England journal of medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1056/NEJMp2004361-10.1056/NEJMp2004361
SP  - 10.1056/NEJMp2004361
EP  - 10.1056/NEJMp2004361
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMp2004361
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32163699
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - New Year and coronavirus
AU  - Kim, Chang-Ju
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of exercise rehabilitation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 16
IS  - 1
PG  - 1-1
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
AN  - 
DO  - 10.12965/jer.2040082.041
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32161728 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7056477/
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak: Now is the time to refresh pandemic plans
AU  - Koonin, Lisa M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This article outlines practical steps that businesses can take now to prepare for a pandemic. Given the current growing spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) around the world, it is imperative that businesses review their pandemic plans and be prepared in case this epidemic expands and affects more people and communities. Preparing for a potential infectious disease pandemic from influenza or a novel corona virus is an essential component of a business continuity plan, especially for businesses that provide critical healthcare and infrastructure services. Although many businesses and organisations have a pandemic plan or address pandemic preparedness in their business continuity plans, few have recently tested and updated their plans. Pandemics can not only interrupt an organisation's operations and compromise long-term viability of an enterprise, but also disrupt the provision of critical functions. Businesses that regularly test and update their pandemic plan can significantly reduce harmful impacts to the business, play a key role in protecting employees' and customers' health and safety, and limit the negative impact of a pandemic on the community and economy.
JO  - Journal of business continuity & emergency planning
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 13
IS  - 4
PG  - 1-15
SP  - 1
EP  - 15
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32160942
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Infection: Early Lessons
AU  - Lei, Yi
AU  - Zhang, Han-Wen
AU  - Yu, Juan
AU  - Patlas, Michael N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Canadian Association of Radiologists journal = Journal l'Association canadienne des radiologistes
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 846537120914428-846537120914428
SP  - 846537120914428
EP  - 846537120914428
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/0846537120914428
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32162990
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prevalence and impact of cardiovascular metabolic diseases on COVID-19 in China
AU  - Li, Bo
AU  - Yang, Jing
AU  - Zhao, Faming
AU  - Zhi, Lili
AU  - Wang, Xiqian
AU  - Liu, Lin
AU  - Bi, Zhaohui
AU  - Zhao, Yunhe
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Studies have reminded that cardiovascular metabolic comorbidities made patients more susceptible to suffer 2019 novel corona virus (2019-nCoV) disease (COVID-19), and exacerbated the infection. The aim of this analysis is to determine the association of cardiovascular metabolic diseases with the development of COVID-19. METHODS: A meta-analysis of eligible studies that summarized the prevalence of cardiovascular metabolic diseases in COVID-19 and compared the incidences of the comorbidities in ICU/severe and non-ICU/severe patients was performed. Embase and PubMed were searched for relevant studies. RESULTS: A total of six studies with 1527 patients were included in this analysis. The proportions of hypertension, cardia-cerebrovascular disease and diabetes in patients with COVID-19 were 17.1%, 16.4% and 9.7%, respectively. The incidences of hypertension, cardia-cerebrovascular diseases and diabetes were about twofolds, threefolds and twofolds, respectively, higher in ICU/severe cases than in their non-ICU/severe counterparts. At least 8.0% patients with COVID-19 suffered the acute cardiac injury. The incidence of acute cardiac injury was about 13 folds higher in ICU/severe patients compared with the non-ICU/severe patients. CONCLUSION: Patients with previous cardiovascular metabolic diseases may face a greater risk of developing into the severe condition and the comorbidities can also greatly affect the prognosis of the COVID-19. On the other hand, COVID-19 can, in turn, aggravate the damage to the heart.
JO  - Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1007/s00392-020-01626-9
SP  - 10.1007/s00392
EP  - 020
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00392-020-01626-9
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32161990
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Retrospective analysis of the possibility of predicting the COVID-19 outbreak from Internet searches and social media data, China, 2020
AU  - Li, Cuilian
AU  - Chen, Li Jia
AU  - Chen, Xueyu
AU  - Zhang, Mingzhi
AU  - Pang, Chi Pui
AU  - Chen, Haoyu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Eurosurveillance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 25
IS  - 10
PG  - 2000199
SP  - 2000199
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.10.2000199
UR  - https://eurosurveillance.org/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.10.2000199
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 2019 novel coronavirus patients' clinical characteristics, discharge rate and fatality rate of meta-analysis
AU  - Li, Long-Quan
AU  - Huang, Tian
AU  - Wang, Yong-Qing
AU  - Wang, Zheng-Ping
AU  - Liang, Yuan
AU  - Huang, Tao-Bi
AU  - Zhang, Hui-Yun
AU  - Sun, Wei-Ming
AU  - Wang, Yu-Ping
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: To study the clinical data, discharge rate, and fatality rate of COVID-19 patients for clinical help. METHODS: The clinical data of COVID-19 patients from December 2019 to February 2020 were retrieved from four databases. We statistically analyzed the clinical symptoms and laboratory results of COVID-19 patients and explained the discharge rate, fatality rate with a single-arm meta-analysis. RESULTS: The available data of 1994 patients in 10 literatures were included in our study. The main clinical symptoms of COVID-19 patients were fever (88.5%), cough (68.6%), myalgia or fatigue (35.8%), expectoration (28.2%), dyspnea (21.9%). Minor symptoms include headache or dizziness: (12.1%) diarrhea (4.8%), nausea, and vomiting (3.9%). The results of laboratory results showed that the lymphocytopenia (64.5%), increase of CRP (44.3%), increase of LDH (28.3%), and leukocytopenia (29.4%) were more common. CONCLUSIONS: The results of single-arm meta-analysis showed that: the male took a larger percentage in the gender distribution of COVID-19 patients 60%[95%CI (0.54,0.65)], the discharge rate of COVID-19 patients was 42%[95%CI (0.29,0.55)], and the fatality rate was 7%[95%CI (0.04,0.10)]. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1002/jmv.25757-10.1002/jmv.25757
SP  - 10.1002/jmv.25757
EP  - 10.1002/jmv.25757
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25757
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32162702
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chest computed tomography in children with COVID-19 respiratory infection
AU  - Li, Wei
AU  - Cui, Huaqian
AU  - Li, Kunwei
AU  - Fang, Yijie
AU  - Li, Shaolin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Infection with COVID-19 is currently rare in children. OBJECTIVE: To describe chest CT findings in children with COVID-19. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied children at a large tertiary-care hospital in China, during the period from 28 January 2019 to 8 February 2020, who had positive reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for COVID-19. We recorded findings at any chest CT performed in the included children, along with core clinical observations. RESULTS: We included five children from 10 months to 6 years of age (mean 3.4 years). All had had at least one CT scan after admission. Three of these five had CT abnormality on the first CT scan (at 2 days, 4 days and 9 days, respectively, after onset of symptoms) in the form of patchy ground-glass opacities; all normalised during treatment. CONCLUSION: Compared to reports in adults, we found similar but more modest lung abnormalities at CT in our small paediatric cohort.
JO  - Pediatric radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1007/s00247-020-04656-7
SP  - 10.1007/s00247
EP  - 020
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00247-020-04656-7
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32162081
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Detection of Covid-19 in Children in Early January 2020 in Wuhan, China
AU  - Liu, Weiyong
AU  - Zhang, Qi
AU  - Chen, Junbo
AU  - Xiang, Rong
AU  - Song, Huijuan
AU  - Shu, Sainan
AU  - Chen, Ling
AU  - Liang, Lu
AU  - Zhou, Jiaxin
AU  - You, Lei
AU  - Wu, Peng
AU  - Zhang, Bo
AU  - Lu, Yanjun
AU  - Xia, Liming
AU  - Huang, Lu
AU  - Yang, Yang
AU  - Liu, Fang
AU  - Semple, Malcolm G.
AU  - Cowling, Benjamin J.
AU  - Lan, Ke
AU  - Sun, Ziyong
AU  - Yu, Hongjie
AU  - Liu, Yingle
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The New England journal of medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1056/NEJMc2003717-10.1056/NEJMc2003717
SP  - 10.1056/NEJMc2003717
EP  - 10.1056/NEJMc2003717
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMc2003717
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32163697
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How Is the World Responding to the 2019 Coronavirus Disease Compared with the 2014 West African Ebola Epidemic? The Importance of China as a Player in the Global Economy
AU  - Maffioli, Elisa M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This article describes similarities and differences in the response of governments and the international community to the current 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and the 2014 West African Ebola epidemic. It expresses the opinion that the speed and scale of the response to the 2019 COVID-19 are affected by the important role that China plays in the global economy. By contrast, insufficient and less timely action was initially undertaken in West African countries during the 2014 Ebola epidemic. It concludes by stating why preparedness for and response to all disease outbreaks, also in countries of lower economic importance, should become a priority in the global health agenda.
JO  - The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.4269/ajtmh.20-0135
SP  - 10.4269/ajtmh.20
EP  - 0135
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4269/ajtmh.20-0135
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32162604
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: UK budget gives £94 a week statutory sick pay to self-isolators and their carers
AU  - Mahase, Elisabeth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As part of its 2020 budget the UK government will extend statutory sick pay of £94.25 (€108; $121) a week to include people advised to self-isolate because of covid-19 and to those caring for them. The medical evidence necessary to claim sick pay will also be relaxed in relation to covid-19, meaning that people will not require a GP’s “fit” note. Instead, people will be able to get a notification from NHS 111 when they are advised to self-isolate, which they can use as evidence where necessary. “This notification would meet employers’ need for evidence, whilst taking pressure …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1001-m1001
SP  - m1001
EP  - m1001
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1001
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1001
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: WHO declares pandemic because of “alarming levels” of spread, severity, and inaction
AU  - Mahase, Elisabeth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Covid-19 has officially been declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization, as its director general, Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, warned that he was “deeply concerned both by the alarming levels of spread and severity, and by the alarming levels of inaction.” The virus began spreading in Wuhan, China, at the end of 2019 and has spread to over 100 countries, with more than 120 000 cases and over 4000 deaths reported as of 11 …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1036-m1036
SP  - m1036
EP  - m1036
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1036
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1036
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Emerging and Future Challenges for Dental and Oral Medicine
AU  - Meng, L.
AU  - Hua, F.
AU  - Bian, Z.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The epidemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), originating in Wuhan, China, has become a major public health challenge for not only China but also countries around the world. The World Health Organization announced that the outbreaks of the novel coronavirus have constituted a public health emergency of international concern. As of February 26, 2020, COVID-19 has been recognized in 34 countries, with a total of 80,239 laboratory-confirmed cases and 2,700 deaths. Infection control measures are necessary to prevent the virus from further spreading and to help control the epidemic situation. Due to the characteristics of dental settings, the risk of cross infection can be high between patients and dental practitioners. For dental practices and hospitals in areas that are (potentially) affected with COVID-19, strict and effective infection control protocols are urgently needed. This article, based on our experience and relevant guidelines and research, introduces essential knowledge about COVID-19 and nosocomial infection in dental settings and provides recommended management protocols for dental practitioners and students in (potentially) affected areas.
JO  - Journal of dental research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 22034520914246-22034520914246
SP  - 22034520914246
EP  - 22034520914246
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/0022034520914246
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32162995
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Estimating the asymptomatic proportion of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases on board the Diamond Princess cruise ship, Yokohama, Japan, 2020
AU  - Mizumoto, Kenji
AU  - Kagaya, Katsushi
AU  - Zarebski, Alexander
AU  - Chowell, Gerardo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Eurosurveillance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 25
IS  - 10
PG  - 2000180
SP  - 2000180
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.10.2000180
UR  - https://eurosurveillance.org/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.10.2000180
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Politicians: please work together to minimise the spread of COVID-19
AU  - Murdoch, David
AU  - Addidle, Michael
AU  - Andersson, Hanna-Sofia
AU  - Arnold, Brendan
AU  - Balm, Michelle
AU  - Benschop, Jackie
AU  - Betty, Bryan
AU  - Birch, Mark
AU  - Bloomfield, Max
AU  - Brunton, Cheryl
AU  - Burns, Andrew
AU  - Chambers, Stephen
AU  - Cook, Lynley
AU  - Dalton, Simon
AU  - Duncan, Harvey
AU  - Elvy, Juliet
AU  - Everts, Richard
AU  - Freeman, Joshua
AU  - French, Nigel
AU  - Grimwade, Kate
AU  - Hammer, David
AU  - Hayman, David
AU  - Holland, David
AU  - Hudson, Ben
AU  - Huggan, Paul
AU  - Ikram, Rosemary
AU  - Jack, Susan
AU  - Kelly, Matthew
AU  - Lamont, Iain
AU  - Maze, Michael
AU  - McAuliffe, Gary
AU  - McBride, Stephen
AU  - Metcalf, Sarah
AU  - Morpeth, Susan
AU  - Morris, Arthur
AU  - Murton, Samantha
AU  - Pink, Ramon
AU  - Pithie, Alan
AU  - Pitout, Martin
AU  - Priest, Patricia
AU  - Raymond, Nigel
AU  - Read, Kerry
AU  - Ritchie, Stephen
AU  - Rogers, Matthew
AU  - Schroeder, Philip
AU  - Taylor, Susan
AU  - Taylor, James
AU  - Thomas, Mark
AU  - Upton, Arlo
AU  - Ussher, James
AU  - Werno, Anja
AU  - Wiles, Siouxsie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The New Zealand medical journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 133
IS  - 1511
PG  - 7-8
SP  - 7
EP  - 8
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32161416
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How China is planning to go to Mars amid the coronavirus outbreak
AU  - Nature
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The launch is on track for July, as Europe and Russia announce a two-year delay in their journey to the red planet.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00739-5
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00739-5
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 Infection among Travelers Returning from Wuhan, China
AU  - Ng, Oon-Tek
AU  - Marimuthu, Kalisvar
AU  - Chia, Po-Ying
AU  - Koh, Vanessa
AU  - Chiew, Calvin J.
AU  - De Wang, Liang
AU  - Young, Barnaby E.
AU  - Chan, Monica
AU  - Vasoo, Shawn
AU  - Ling, Li-Min
AU  - Lye, David C.
AU  - Kam, Kai-Qian
AU  - Thoon, Koh-Cheng
AU  - Kurupatham, Lalitha
AU  - Said, Zubaidah
AU  - Goh, Ethan
AU  - Low, Constance
AU  - Lim, Soon-Kok
AU  - Raj, Pream
AU  - Oh, Olivia
AU  - Koh, Valerie T. J.
AU  - Poh, Cuiqin
AU  - Mak, Tze-Minn
AU  - Cui, Lin
AU  - Cook, Alex R.
AU  - Lin, Raymond T. P.
AU  - Leo, Yee-Sin
AU  - Lee, Vernon J. M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The New England journal of medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1056/NEJMc2003100-10.1056/NEJMc2003100
SP  - 10.1056/NEJMc2003100
EP  - 10.1056/NEJMc2003100
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMc2003100
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32163698
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prone ventilation for novel coronavirus pneumonia: no time to delay
AU  - Pan, C.
AU  - Zhang, W.
AU  - Du, B.
AU  - Qiu, H. B.
AU  - Huang, Y. Z.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zhonghua nei ke za zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 59
IS  - 0
PG  - E007-E007
SP  - E007
EP  - E007
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20200304-00184
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32160739
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - ¿Preparados para el nuevo coronavirus?
AU  - Peña-Otero, David
AU  - Díaz-Pérez, David
AU  - de-la-Rosa-Carrillo, David
AU  - Bello-Dronda, Salvador
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Archivos de Bronconeumología
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arbres.2020.02.009
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0300289620300697
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Declaración jurada de salud del viajero para prevenir el coronavirus (COVID-19): Documento técnico
AU  - Perú. Ministerio de, Salud
AU  - Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Prevención y Control de Enfermedades
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - El documento contiene la Declaración Jurada de Salud del Viajero para prevenir el coronavirus (COVID-19).
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 4-4
SP  - 4
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/4fwcw
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Atención y manejo clínico de casos de COVID-19, escenario de transmisión focalizada: Documento técnico
AU  - Perú. Ministerio de, Salud
AU  - Dirección General de Intervenciones Estratégicas en Salud, Pública
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - El documento contiene los antecedentes, finalidad, objetivo, base legal, ámbito de aplicación, así como la vigilancia epidemiológica, definiciones, atención y manejo clínico de casos de COVID-19, para reducir el impacto sanitario, social y económico en el territorio nacional.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 61-61
SP  - 61
EP  - 61
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/64662
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS Coronavirus Redux
AU  - Qing, Enya
AU  - Gallagher, Tom
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As an atypical pneumonia began to appear in December 2019, Zhou et al. worked with remarkable speed to identify the associated virus, determine its relationship to animal viruses, and evaluate factors conferring infection susceptibility and resistance. These foundational results are being advanced to control the current worldwide human coronavirus epidemic.
JO  - Trends in Immunology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.it.2020.02.007
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1471490620300387
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Practical exploration of the informationization support for prevention and control of the new coronavirus pneumonia with Tongji Hospital as an example
AU  - REN, Yufei
AU  - ZHANG, Xiaoxiang
AU  - LI, Jin
AU  - WANG, Yanzhao
AU  - SHAN, Jie
AU  - NAI, Cunjian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - December of 2019 witnessed the outbreak of new coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan city and a few localities. As a designated hospital, Tongji Hospital is designated as a hospital for the diagnosis and treatment of numerous patients of such a disease. Based on the medical cloud platform, the hospital has initiated a regional remote diagnosis center; based on its IT system, the hospital to operate its epidemic prevention and management mechanism, set up the self-service system for patients at the fever clinic, launched its online diagnosis and treatment services, and established a hospital epidemic supervision platform. By strengthening the informational support needed for epidemic prevention and control, the hospital has enhanced its efficiency of epidemic prevention and control, reducing the risk of cross-infection, and ensuring data security. Its experiences offer references for informationization support for other regions and hospitals in China.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Hospital Administration
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 36
IS  - 0
PG  - E003-E003
SP  - E003
EP  - E003
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: GPs call for appraisals and CQC inspections to be suspended
AU  - Rimmer, Abi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - GP leaders have called for assurances that they will not face contractional sanctions if a covid-19 pandemic forces them to suspend normal practice. Delegates attending a special conference of local medical committees, held in London on 11 March, unanimously voted in favour of a motion that called on the BMA’s General Practitioners Committee in England to negotiate changes to protect practices in the event of a covid-19 pandemic. The motion called for funding from the quality and outcomes framework (QOF) and directed enhanced services to be used to fund essential services and for any additional costs accrued by practices related to covid-19 infections to be reimbursed. It said that practices …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1038-m1038
SP  - m1038
EP  - m1038
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1038
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1038
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Audio Interview: Making Decisions about Covid-19 Testing and Treatment for Your Patients
AU  - Rubin, Eric J.
AU  - Baden, Lindsey R.
AU  - Morrissey, Stephen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The New England journal of medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 382
IS  - 11
PG  - e25-e25
SP  - e25
EP  - e25
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMe2004856
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32160684
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Complete Genome Sequence of a 2019 Novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) Strain Isolated in Nepal
AU  - Sah, Ranjit
AU  - Rodriguez-Morales, Alfonso J.
AU  - Jha, Runa
AU  - Chu, Daniel K. W.
AU  - Gu, Haogao
AU  - Peiris, Malik
AU  - Bastola, Anup
AU  - Lal, Bibek Kumar
AU  - Ojha, Hemant Chanda
AU  - Rabaan, Ali A.
AU  - Zambrano, Lysien I.
AU  - Costello, Anthony
AU  - Morita, Kouichi
AU  - Pandey, Basu Dev
AU  - Poon, Leo L. M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A complete genome sequence was obtained for a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) strain isolated from an oropharyngeal swab specimen of a Nepalese patient with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), who had returned to Nepal after traveling to Wuhan, China.
JO  - Microbiology Resource Announcements
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 11
PG  - e00169-20
SP  - e00169
EP  - 20
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1128/mra.00169-20
UR  - https://mra.asm.org/content/ga/9/11/e00169-20.full.pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A case report of neonatal COVID-19 infection in China | Clinical Infectious Diseases | Oxford Academic
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract In December 2019, the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 emerged in China and now has spread in many countries. Pregnant women are susceptible population of COVID-19 which are more likely to have complications and even progresse to severe illness. We report a case of neonatal COVID-19 infection in China with pharyngeal swabs tested positive by rRT-PCR assay 36 hours after birth. However, whether the case is a vertical transmission from mother to child remains to be confirmed.
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa225/5803274?searchresult=1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Real estimates of mortality following COVID-19 infection
AU  - Baud, David
AU  - Qi, Xiaolong
AU  - Nielsen-Saines, Karin
AU  - Musso, Didier
AU  - Pomar, Léo
AU  - Favre, Guillaume
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30195-X
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S147330992030195X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Novel Approach for a Novel Pathogen: using a home assessment team to evaluate patients for 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) | Clinical Infectious Diseases | Oxford Academic
AU  - Chloe Bryson-Cahn, M. D. Jeffrey Duchin M. D. M. P. H. Vanessa A. Makarewicz R. N. M. N. C. I. C. Meagan Kay D. V. M. Mpvm Krista Rietberg M. P. H. C. I. C. Nathanael Napolitano M. P. H. Carole Kamangu R. N. M. P. H. C. I. C. Timothy H. Dellit M. D. John B. Lynch M. D. M. P. H.
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - Thousands of people in the United States have required testing for SARS-CoV-2. Evaluation for a special pathogen is resource intensive. We report an innovative approach to home assessment that, in collaboration with public health, enables safe evaluation and specimen collection outside the healthcare setting, avoiding unnecessary exposures and resource utilization.
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa256/5804257?searchresult=1
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Dysregulation of immune response in patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China | Clinical Infectious Diseases | Oxford Academic
AU  - Chuan Qin, M. D. PhD Luoqi Zhou M. D. Ziwei Hu M. D. Shuoqi Zhang M. D. PhD Sheng Yang M. D. Yu Tao M. D. PhD Cuihong Xie M. D. PhD Ke Ma M. D. PhD Ke Shang M. D. PhD Wei Wang M. D. PhD
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Background In December 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emerged in Wuhan and rapidly spread throughout China. Methods Demographic and clinical data of all confirmed cases with COVID-19 on admission at Tongji Hospital from January 10 to February 12, 2020, were collected and analyzed. The data of laboratory examinations, including peripheral lymphocyte subsets, were analyzed and compared between severe and non-severe patients. Results Of the 452 patients with COVID-19 recruited, 286 were diagnosed as severe infection. The median age was 58 years and 235 were male. The most common symptoms were fever, shortness of breath, expectoration, fatigue, dry cough and myalgia. Severe cases tend to have lower lymphocytes counts, higher leukocytes counts and neutrophil-lymphocyte-ratio (NLR), as well as lower percentages of monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils. Most of severe cases demonstrated elevated levels of infection-related biomarkers and inflammatory cytokines. The number of T cells significantly decreased, and more hampered in severe cases. Both helper T cells and suppressor T cells in patients with COVID-19 were below normal levels, and lower level of helper T cells in severe group. The percentage of naïve helper T cells increased and memory helper T cells decreased in severe cases. Patients with COVID-19 also have lower level of regulatory T cells, and more obviously damaged in severe cases. Conclusions The novel coronavirus might mainly act on lymphocytes, especially T lymphocytes. Surveillance of NLR and lymphocyte subsets is helpful in the early screening of critical illness, diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19.
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
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IS  - 
PG  - 
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EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa248/5803306?searchresult=1
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - comparative study on the clinical features of COVID-19 pneumonia to other pneumonias | Clinical Infectious Diseases | Oxford Academic
AU  - Dahai Zhao, Feifei Yao Lijie Wang Ling Zheng Yongjun Gao Jun Ye Feng Guo Hui Zhao Rongbao Gao
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - Background A novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) has raised world concern since it emerged in Wuhan Hubei China in December, 2019. The infection may result into severe pneumonia with clusters illness onsets. Its impacts on public health make it paramount to clarify the clinical features with other pneumonias. Methods Nineteen 2019-nCoV pneumonia (NCOVID-19) and fifteen other pneumonia patients (NON-NCOVID-19) in out of Hubei places were involved in this study. Both NCOVID-19 and NON-NCOVID-19 patients were confirmed to be infected in throat swabs or/and sputa with or without 2019-nCoV by real-time RT-PCR. We analyzed the demographic, epidemiological, clinical, and radiological features from those patients, and compared the difference between NCOVID-19 and NON-NCOVID-19. Results All patients had a history of exposure to confirmed case of 2019-nCoV or travel to Hubei before illness. The median duration, respectively, was 8 (IQR:6~11) and 5 (IQR:4~11) days from exposure to onset in NCOVID-19 and NON-NCOVID-19. The clinical symptoms were similar between NCOVID-19 and NON-NCOVID-19. The most common symptoms were fever and cough. Fifteen (78.95%) NCOVID-19 but 4 (26.67%) NON-NCOVID-19 patients had bilateral involvement while 17 (89.47%) NCOVID-19 but 1 (6.67%) NON-NCOVID-19 patients had multiple mottling and ground-glass opacity of chest CT images. Compared to NON-NCOVID-19, NCOVID-19 present remarkably more abnormal laboratory tests including AST, ALT, γ-GT, LDH and α-HBDH. Conclusion The 2019-nCoV infection caused similar onsets to other pneumonias. CT scan may be a reliable test for screening NCOVID-19 cases. Liver function damage is more frequent in NCOVID-19 than NON-NCOVID-19 patients. LDH and α-HBDH may be considerable markers for evaluation of NCOVID-19.
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
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AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa247/5803302?searchresult=1
NS  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Protecting Health Care Workers during the COVID-19 Coronavirus Outbreak –Lessons from Taiwan's SARS response | Clinical Infectious Diseases | Oxford Academic
AU  - Jonathan Schwartz, Chwan-Chuen King Muh-Yong Yen
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract During major epidemic outbreaks, demand for health care workers grows even as the extreme pressures they face cause declining availability. We draw on Taiwan’s SARS experience to argue that a modified form of Traffic Control Bundling protects health care worker safety and by extension strengthens overall COVID-19 epidemic control. Traffic Control Bundling, Healthcare Workers, COVID-19, Protection Issue Section: Brief Report
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
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IS  - 
PG  - 
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EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa255/5804239?searchresult=1
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Serial interval in determining the estimation of reproduction number of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) during the early outbreak | Journal of Travel Medicine | Oxford Academic
AU  - Shi Zhao, MPhil Peihua Cao PhD Daozhou Gao PhD Zian Zhuang Bsc Yongli Cai PhD Jinjun Ran MPhil Marc K. C. Chong PhD Kai Wang PhD Yijun Lou PhD Weiming Wang PhD Lin Yang PhD Daihai He PhD Maggie H. Wang PhD
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), emerged in Wuhan, China in the end of 2019, and soon spread oversea. A comprehensive and timely review summarized the scientific research in estimating the basic reproduction number (R0) released from 1 January to 7 February 2020 [1]. During the early outbreak, when the key epidemiological features of COVID-19 were uncovered, the R0 estimation largely relied on the growth rate of the epidemic curve and the estimation of the serial interval (SI). Here, we demonstrated that an overlarge SI would lead to overestimation of R0. We adopted the growing process proposed in [2] deterministically with a population of 11 million in Wuhan, 1 case initially onset on 5 December 2019 and a fixed step at 1 day. We consider two values of the mean serial interval (SI) that are  SI at 4.6 days estimated based on 28 records of transmission chains [3], which was largely consistent with the SI estimate at 4.4 days based on 71 records [4]; and  SI at 8 days, which was closer to the SI of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS, 8.4 days), SI of the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS, 7.6 days). As for demonstration that a larger SI could lead to overestimation in R0, we conducted the simulation with two schemes that are  Scheme (I): R0 = 2, and SI = 4.6 days; and  Scheme (II): R0 = 2, 3, 4 and 3.3 as summarized in [1], and SI = 8 days. We also compared the simulation results with the previous estimates of the cumulative number of COVID-19 infection in Wuhan. In Fig 1, the simulation results of the scheme (I) had almost the same growing trends as those of scheme (II) with R0 = 3.3. Although a higher R0 could force the epidemic curve increasing rapidly, a shorter SI could increase iteration of transmission generation, i.e., transmission may occur shortly post infection. According to the simple approximated formula that R0 = exp(γ∙SI), where γ was the exponential growth rate calculated from the incidence data directly, a longer SI would lead to a higher R0 estimate theoretically. With a shorter SI at 4.6 days, which was supported by richer datasets in [3, 4], the R0 of COVID-19 could be lower than previous estimates based on longer SI. By using the growth rate (γ) at 0.15 per day, the R0 was found at 2.0 with SI at 4.6 days, whereas 3.3 with SI at 8 days. Although the effects of public health control were ignored in this analysis, our model could be Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/jtm/advance-article-abstract/doi/10.1093/jtm/taaa033/5803291 by guest on 13 March 2020 4 extended by introducing an effective reproduction number accounting for the effectiveness of the control measures, and we remarked this modification would not affect the main conclusion. Furthermore, as pointed out in [3], provided that the SI of COVID-19 might be shorter than its incubation period, pre-symptomatic transmission may occur shortly after being infected [5]. This implies that a fraction of transmissions cannot be prevented solely through isolating the symptomatic cases, since the time when contact tracing is conducted, they may have already been infectious and generated secondary cases. Therefore, the effectively quarantine of suspected (and probable) cases, as well as close contacts, and timely contact tracing were crucial in successful outbreak mitigation.
JO  - Journal of Travel Medicine
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DO  - 
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/jtm/advance-article/doi/10.1093/jtm/taaa033/5803291?searchresult=1
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemiological characteristics and transmission model of Corona Virus Disease 2019 in China
AU  - Wang, Dongming
AU  - Zhou, Min
AU  - Nie, Xiuquan
AU  - Qiu, Weihong
AU  - Yang, Meng
AU  - Wang, Xing
AU  - Xu, Tao
AU  - Ye, Zi
AU  - Feng, Xiaobing
AU  - Xiao, Yang
AU  - Chen, Weihong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.008
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0163445320301201
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Immunization recommendations and safety and immunogenicity on the delayed vaccination of non-national immunization program for the corona virus disease 2019 in China
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Chinese Journal of Pediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 58
IS  - 0
PG  - E010-E010
SP  - E010
EP  - E010
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Consensus of Chinese experts on protection of skin and mucous membrane barrier for health professions fighting against coronavirus disease 2019
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Health professions preventing and controlling coronavirus disease 2019 are prone to skin and mucous membrane injuries, which may cause acute and chronic dermatitis, secondary infections and aggravation of underlying skin diseases. This is a consensus of Chinese experts on measures and advice on hand cleaning- and medical glove- related hand protection, mask- and goggles- related face protection, ultraviolet- related protection, as well as eye, nasal and oral mucosa, outer ear and hair protection. It is necessary to strictly follow standards on wearing protective equipments and specifications on sterilizing and cleaning. Both insufficient and excessive protection will adversely affect the skin and mucous membrane barrier. At the same time, using moisturizing products is highly recommended to achieve better protection.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Dermatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 53
IS  - 0
PG  - E001-E001
SP  - E001
EP  - E001
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Supporting the Health Care Workforce During the COVID-19 Global Epidemic
AU  - Adams, James G.
AU  - Walls, Ron M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1001/jama.2020.3972-10.1001/jama.2020.3972
SP  - 10.1001/jama.2020.3972
EP  - 10.1001/jama.2020.3972
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.3972
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32163102
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Nigeria responds to COVID-19; first case detected in sub-Saharan Africa
AU  - Adepoju, Paul
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1038/d41591-020-00004-2
SP  - 10.1038/d41591
EP  - 020
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41591-020-00004-2
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32161414
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - An update on the 2019-nCoV outbreak
AU  - Ammad Ud Din, Mohammad
AU  - Boppana, Leela Krishna Teja
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Cases of 2019-nCoV are now being reported in different regions around the globe, concerning for a possible SARS like epidemic that infected for than 8000 people in 2002-03. Though, major health authorities are still working on understanding the virus and its transmission, here we present a brief report regarding the 2019-nCoV outbreak and what is known so far.
JO  - American Journal of Infection Control
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2020.01.023
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0196655320300742
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Indirect Virus Transmission in Cluster of COVID-19 Cases, Wenzhou, China, 2020
AU  - Cai, Jing
AU  - Sun, Wenjie
AU  - Huang, Jianping
AU  - Gamber, Michelle
AU  - Wu, Jing
AU  - He, Guiqing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - To determine possible modes of virus transmission, we investigated a cluster of COVID-19 cases associated with a shopping mall in Wenzhou, China. Data indicated that indirect transmission of the causative virus occurred, perhaps resulting from virus contamination of common objects, virus aerosolization in a confined space, or spread from asymptomatic infected persons.
JO  - Emerging infectious diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 26
IS  - 6
PG  - 10.3201/eid2606.200412-10.3201/eid2606.200412
SP  - 10.3201/eid2606.200412
EP  - 10.3201/eid2606.200412
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3201/eid2606.200412
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32163030
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recomendaciones sobre el manejo clínico de la infección por el «nuevo coronavirus» SARS-CoV2. Grupo de trabajo de la Asociación Española de Pediatría (AEP)
AU  - Calvo, Cristina
AU  - García López-Hortelano, Milagros
AU  - de Carlos Vicente, Juan Carlos
AU  - Vázquez Martínez, Jose Luis
AU  - Ramos, José Tomás
AU  - Baquero-Artigao, Fernando
AU  - Navarro, Maria Luisa
AU  - Rodrigo, Carlos
AU  - Neth, Olaf
AU  - Fumadó, Victoria
AU  - Menendez Suso, Juan José
AU  - Slocker Barrio, María
AU  - Bustinza Arriortua, Amaya
AU  - Jordán García, Iolanda
AU  - Pilar Orive, Javier
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Resumen El 31 de diciembre de 2019, la Comisión Municipal de Salud y Sanidad de Wuhan (provincia de Hubei, China) informó sobre la existencia de 27 casos de neumonía de etiología desconocida con inicio de síntomas el 8 de diciembre, incluyendo 7 casos graves, con exposición común a un mercado de marisco, pescado y animales vivos en la ciudad de Wuhan. El 7 de enero de 2020, las autoridades chinas identificaron como agente causante del brote un nuevo tipo de virus de la familia Coronaviridae, denominado temporalmente «nuevo coronavirus», 2019-nCoV. El 30 de enero de 2020 la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) declara el brote una Emergencia Internacional. El día 11 de febrero la OMS le asigna el nombre de SARS-CoV2 e infección COVID-19 (Coronavirus Infectious Disease). El Ministerio de Sanidad convoca a las Sociedades de Especialidades para la elaboración de un protocolo clínico de manejo de la infección. La Asociación Española de Pediatría nombra un grupo de trabajo de las Sociedades de Infectología Pediátrica y Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos que se encargan de elaborar las presentes recomendaciones con la evidencia disponible en el momento de su realización. On 31 December 2019, the Wuhan Municipal Committee of Health and Healthcare (Hubei Province, China) reported that there were 27 cases of pneumonia of unknown origin with symptoms starting on the 8 December. There were 7 serious cases with common exposure in market with shellfish, fish, and live animals, in the city of Wuhan. On 7 January 2020, the Chinese authorities identified that the agent causing the outbreak was a new type of virus of the Coronaviridae family, temporarily called «new coronavirus», 2019-nCoV. On January 30th, 2020, the World Health Organisation (WHO) declared the outbreak an International Emergency. On 11 February 2020 the WHO assigned it the name of SARS-CoV2 and COVID-19 (SARS-CoV2 and COVID-19). The Ministry of Health summoned the Specialties Societies to prepare a clinical protocol for the management of COVID-19. The Spanish Paediatric Association appointed a Working Group of the Societies of Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Paediatric Intensive Care to prepare the present recommendations with the evidence available at the time of preparing them.
JO  - Anales de Pediatría
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anpedi.2020.02.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S169540332030076X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Does disinfecting surfaces really prevent the spread of coronavirus?
AU  - Service, Robert F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Photos from the areas hardest hit by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 tell a story of disinfection: Trucks spraying streets and a phalanx of sanitation workers wearing backpack tanks fogging sidewalks, parks, and plazas in China, South Korea, Italy, and elsewhere. Countless recommendations admonish us to wash our hands and disinfect often-touched surfaces in our homes. But what is the most effective way to prevent exposure to the virus?
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb7058
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/03/does-disinfecting-surfaces-really-prevent-spread-coronavirus
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Lack of maternal-fetal SARS-CoV-2 transmission
AU  - Stower, Hannah
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 26
IS  - 3
PG  - 312-312
SP  - 312
EP  - 312
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41591-020-0810-y
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32161408
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pneumonia in a Hemodialysis Patient
AU  - Tang, Bin
AU  - Li, Sijia
AU  - Xiong, Yuwan
AU  - Tian, Ming
AU  - Yu, Jianbin
AU  - Xu, Lixia
AU  - Zhang, Li
AU  - Li, Zhuo
AU  - Ma, Jianchao
AU  - Wen, Feng
AU  - Feng, Zhonglin
AU  - Liang, Xinling
AU  - Shi, Wei
AU  - Liu, Shuangxin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly infective disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 virus (SARS-CoV-2). Previous studies on COVID-19 pneumonia outbreak were based on information from the general population. Limited data are available for hemodialysis patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. This report describes the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in an in-center hemodialysis patient as well as our experience in implementing steps to prevent the spread of COVID-19 pneumonia among in-center hemodialysis patients. The diagnosis, infection control, and treatment of COVID-19 in hemodialysis patients are discussed in this report, and we conclude with recommendations for how a dialysis facility can respond to COVID-19 based on our experiences.
JO  - Kidney Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xkme.2020.03.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590059520300492
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: Trump cancels all flights from Europe, apart from the UK
AU  - Tanne, Janice Hopkins
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - President Donald Trump announced on Tuesday night in a national TV broadcast that the US would be closed to all flights from Europe—excluding the UK—for 30 days from midnight on Friday 13 March in an attempt to stop the spread of covid-19 to the country. Trump blamed Europe for increasing US infections, as he referred to covid-19 as a horrible disease. Reading from a teleprompter, he said that while previous measures, such as travel restrictions from China, the announcement of a public health emergency, and warnings, had led …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1037-m1037
SP  - m1037
EP  - m1037
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1037
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1037
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Updated rapid risk assessment from ECDC on the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic: increased transmission in the EU/EEA and the UK
AU  - team, Eurosurveillance editorial
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Eurosurveillance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 25
IS  - 10
PG  - 2003121
SP  - 2003121
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.10.2003121
UR  - https://eurosurveillance.org/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.10.2003121
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - One world, one health: The novel coronavirus COVID-19 epidemic TT - Un mundo, una salud: la epidemia por el nuevo coronavirus COVID-19
AU  - Trilla, Antoni
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Medicina clinica
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 154
IS  - 5
PG  - 175-177
SP  - 175
EP  - 177
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.medcli.2020.02.002
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus crisis hits ice-locked Arctic research expedition
AU  - Viglione, Giuliana
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00724-y
SP  - 10.1038/d41586
EP  - 020
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00724-y
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32161351
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preparing for a COVID-19 pandemic: a review of operating room outbreak response measures in a large tertiary hospital in Singapore TT - Se préparer pour la pandémie de COVID-19: revue des moyens déployés dans un bloc opératoire d’un grand hôpital tertiaire au Singapour
AU  - Wong, Jolin
AU  - Goh, Qing Yuan
AU  - Tan, Zihui
AU  - Lie, Sui An
AU  - Tay, Yoong Chuan
AU  - Ng, Shin Yi
AU  - Soh, Chai Rick
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has been designated a public health emergency of international concern. To prepare for a pandemic, hospitals need a strategy to manage their space, staff, and supplies so that optimum care is provided to patients. In addition, infection prevention measures need to be implemented to reduce in-hospital transmission. In the operating room, these preparations involve multiple stakeholders and can present a significant challenge. Here, we describe the outbreak response measures of the anesthetic department staffing the largest (1,700-bed) academic tertiary level acute care hospital in Singapore (Singapore General Hospital) and a smaller regional hospital (Sengkang General Hospital). These include engineering controls such as identification and preparation of an isolation operating room, administrative measures such as modification of workflow and processes, introduction of personal protective equipment for staff, and formulation of clinical guidelines for anesthetic management. Simulation was valuable in evaluating the feasibility of new operating room set-ups or workflow. We also discuss how the hierarchy of controls can be used as a framework to plan the necessary measures during each phase of a pandemic, and review the evidence for the measures taken. These containment measures are necessary to optimize the quality of care provided to COVID-19 patients and to reduce the risk of viral transmission to other patients or healthcare workers.
JO  - Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1007/s12630-020-01620-9
SP  - 10.1007/s12630
EP  - 020
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12630-020-01620-9
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32162212
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The SARS-CoV-2 outbreak: what we know
AU  - Wu, Di
AU  - Wu, Tiantian
AU  - Liu, Qun
AU  - Yang, Zhicong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - There is a current worldwide outbreak of the novel coronavirus Covid-19 (coronavirus disease 2019; the pathogen called SARS-CoV-2; previously 2019-nCoV), which originated from Wuhan in China and has now spread to 6 continents including 66 countries, as of 24:00 on March 2, 2020. Governments are under increased pressure to stop the outbreak spiraling into a global health emergency. At this stage, preparedness, transparency, and sharing of information are crucial to risk assessments and beginning outbreak control activities. This information should include reports from outbreak site and from laboratories supporting the investigation. This paper aggregates and consolidates the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatments and preventions of this new type of coronavirus.
JO  - International Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.03.004
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971220301235
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Successful treatment for the first confirmed noval coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Guizhou Province
AU  - WU, Yanqi
AU  - GAO, Daixiu
AU  - SHEN, Feng
AU  - XIE, Lulu
AU  - LIZHANG, Shuangzi
AU  - WU, Yue
AU  - LI, Guimei
AU  - LI, Liang
AU  - LI, Wei
AU  - LIU, Bo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Noval coronavirus-infected pneumonia is an acute respiratory infectious diease caused by an noval coronavirus, and it is highly contagious. The first confirmed coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Guizhou was admitted to the department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University. After has been given isolation, anti-viral therapy, oxygen therapy, maintaining internal environment stability, organ functions protection and psychological comfort for 8 days, the patient successfully recovered from the disease. It is suggested that early recognition, early isolation, timely antiviral treatment, organ function protection and psychological intervention are effective methods for patient with noval coronavirus-infected pneumonia.
JO  - Chinese Critical Care Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 32
IS  - 2
PG  - E008-E008
SP  - E008
EP  - E008
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Post-discharge surveillance and positive virus detection in two medical staff recovered from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), China, January to February 2020
AU  - Xing, Yuanyuan
AU  - Mo, Pingzheng
AU  - Xiao, Yu
AU  - Zhao, Oiu
AU  - Zhang, Yongxi
AU  - Wang, Fan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Eurosurveillance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 25
IS  - 10
PG  - 2000191
SP  - 2000191
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.10.2000191
UR  - https://eurosurveillance.org/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.10.2000191
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prevalence of comorbidities in the novel Wuhan coronavirus (COVID-19) infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis
AU  - Yang, Jing
AU  - Zheng, Ya
AU  - Gou, Xi
AU  - Pu, Ke
AU  - Chen, Zhaofeng
AU  - Guo, Qinghong
AU  - Ji, Rui
AU  - Wang, Haojia
AU  - Wang, Yuping
AU  - Zhou, Yongning
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background An outbreak of Novel Coronavirus (COVID -19) in Wuhan, China, the epidemic is more widespread than initially estimated, with cases now confirmed in multiple countries. Aims The aim of the meta-analysis was to assess the prevalence of comorbidities in the COVID-19 infection patients and the risk of underlying diseases in severe patients compared to non-severe patients. Methods A literature search was conducted using the databases PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of sciences until February 25, 2020. Risk ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled using random-effects models. Results Eight studies were included in the meta- analysis, including 46248 infected patients. The result showed the most prevalent clinical symptom was fever ( 91 ± 3, 95% CI 86-97% ), followed by cough (67 ± 7, 95% CI 59-76%), fatigue ( 51 ± 0, 95% CI 34-68% ) and dyspnea ( 30 ± 4, 95% CI 21-40%). The most prevalent comorbidity were hypertension (17 ± 7, 95% CI 14-22%) and diabetes ( 8 ± 6, 95% CI 6-11% ), followed by cardiovascular diseases ( 5 ± 4, 95% CI 4-7% ) and respiratory system disease( 2 ± 0, 95% CI 1-3% ). Compared with the Non-severe patient, the pooled odds ratio of hypertension, respiratory system disease, cardiovascular disease in severe patients were (OR 2.36, 95% CI: 1.46-3.83), (OR 2.46, 95% CI: 1.76-3.44) and (OR 3.42, 95% CI: 1.88-6.22)respectively. Conclusion We assessed the prevalence of comorbidities in the COVID-19 infection patients and found underlying disease, including hypertension, respiratory system disease and cardiovascular, may be a risk factor for severe patients compared with Non-severe patients.
JO  - International Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.03.017
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971220301363
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Experience of different upper respiratory tract sampling strategies for detection of COVID-19
AU  - Ye, Guangming
AU  - Li, Yirong
AU  - Lu, Mengxin
AU  - Chen, Song
AU  - Luo, Yongwen
AU  - Wang, Shichan
AU  - Wang, Yejingpeng
AU  - Wang, Xinghuan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Hospital Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2020.03.012
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0195670120301110
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How to balance acute myocardial infarction and COVID-19: the protocols from Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital
AU  - Zeng, Jie
AU  - Huang, Jianxin
AU  - Pan, Lingai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Intensive care medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1007/s00134-020-05993-9
SP  - 10.1007/s00134
EP  - 020
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00134-020-05993-9
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32162032
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Histopathologic Changes and SARS-CoV-2 Immunostaining in the Lung of a Patient With COVID-19
AU  - Zhang, Huilan
AU  - Zhou, Peng
AU  - Wei, Yanqiu
AU  - Yue, Huihui
AU  - Wang, Yi
AU  - Hu, Ming
AU  - Zhang, Shu
AU  - Cao, Tanze
AU  - Yang, Chengqing
AU  - Li, Ming
AU  - Guo, Guangyun
AU  - Chen, Xianxiang
AU  - Chen, Ying
AU  - Lei, Mei
AU  - Liu, Huiguo
AU  - Zhao, Jianping
AU  - Peng, Peng
AU  - Wang, Cong-Yi
AU  - Du, Ronghui
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of internal medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.7326/M20-0533
SP  - 10.7326/M20
EP  - 0533
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7326/M20-0533
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32163542
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemiological investigation on a cluster epidemic of COVID-19 in a collective workplace in Tianjin
AU  - Zhang, Y.
AU  - Su, X.
AU  - Chen, W.
AU  - Fei, C. N.
AU  - Guo, L. R.
AU  - Wu, X. L.
AU  - Zhou, N.
AU  - Guo, Y. T.
AU  - Dong, X. C.
AU  - Zhao, Y.
AU  - Wang, H. W.
AU  - Pan, Y.
AU  - Zuo, L. J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To investigate and analysis the epidemiological characteristics of a cluster epidemic of COIVD-19 in a collective workplace in Tianjin, evduate the prevention and control measures based on limited evidence and experience in early period of COVID-19 epidemic. Methods: Descriptive research method was used to describe the distribution and other epidemiological characteristics of the cluster cases of COVID-19. Results: Since the onset of the first index case on January 15, ten confirmed COVID-19 cases had occurred in the workplace, and the epidemic had spread from the workplace to 4 families, infecting 7 family members. The median age of 17 cases was 55 (19-79) years. All the 10 employee cases were males, and in 7 family cases, 3 were males and 4 were females. Of the employee cases, 8 worked in CW workshop and 2 worked in administrative office building. The median exposure-onset interval of all the cases was 4 (0-12) days, and the median exposure-onset interval was 4.5 days in the employee cases and 4 days in the family cases. The median onset-medical care seeking interval was 4 days in the non-isolated cases, 2.5 days in the cases with home isolation after onset, and 0.5 day in the cases with home isolation before onset. Conclusion: The clustering of COVID-19 cases was observed in this workplace in Tianjin, which affected 4 families. In the early stage of the epidemic, accurate and rapid blocking and control measures can completely prevent the large-scale spread of COVID-19.
JO  - Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi = Zhonghua liuxingbingxue zazhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 5
PG  - 649-653
SP  - 649
EP  - 653
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200219-00121
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32162858
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Emotional Impact Of Coronavirus 2019-Ncov (New Coronavirus Disease)
AU  - Lima, Carlos Kennedy Tavares
AU  - Carvalho, Poliana Moreira de Medeiros
AU  - Lima, Igor de Araújo Silva
AU  - Nunes, José Victor Alexandre de Oliveira
AU  - Saraiva, Jeferson Seves
AU  - de Souza, Ricardo Inácio
AU  - da Silva, Claúdio Gleidiston Lima
AU  - Neto, Modesto Leite Rolim
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background : A novel form of coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in Wuhan has created a confused and rapidly evolving situation. In this situational framework, patients and front-line healthcare workers are vulnerable. Method : Studies were identified using large-circulation international journals found in two electronic databases: Scopus and Embase. Results : Populations of patients that may require tailored interventions are older adults and international migrant workers. Older adults with psychiatric conditions may be experiencing further distress. The COVID-19 epidemic has underscored potential gaps in mental health services during emergencies. Conclusions : Most health professionals working in isolation units and hospitals do not receive any training for providing mental health care. Fear seems more certainly a consequence of mass quarantine.
JO  - Psychiatry Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 112915-112915
SP  - 112915
EP  - 112915
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112915
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165178120305163
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infected patients with persistent negative CT findings
AU  - Ling, Zhoukun
AU  - Xu, Xi
AU  - Gan, Qingxin
AU  - Zhang, Lieguang
AU  - Luo, Liangping
AU  - Tang, Xiaoping
AU  - Liu, Jinxin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Journal of Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 108956-108956
SP  - 108956
EP  - 108956
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrad.2020.108956
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0720048X20301455
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Research and Development on Therapeutic Agents and Vaccines for COVID-19 and Related Human Coronavirus Diseases
AU  - Liu, Cynthia
AU  - Zhou, Qiongqiong
AU  - Li, Yingzhu
AU  - Garner, Linda V.
AU  - Watkins, Steve P.
AU  - Carter, Linda J.
AU  - Smoot, Jeffrey
AU  - Gregg, Anne C.
AU  - Daniels, Angela D.
AU  - Jervey, Susan
AU  - Albaiu, Dana
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since the outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease COVID-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, this disease has spread rapidly around the globe. Considering the potential threat of a pandemic, scientists and physicians have been racing to understand this new virus and the pathophysiology of this disease to uncover possible treatment regimens and discover effective therapeutic agents and vaccines. To support the current research and development, CAS has produced a special report to provide an overview of published scientific information with an emphasis on patents in the CAS content collection. It highlights antiviral strategies involving small molecules and biologics targeting complex molecular interactions involved in coronavirus infection and replication. The drug-repurposing effort documented herein focuses primarily on agents known to be effective against other RNA viruses including SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. The patent analysis of coronavirus-related biologics includes therapeutic antibodies, cytokines, and nucleic acid-based therapies targeting virus gene expression as well as various types of vaccines. More than 500 patents disclose methodologies of these four biologics with the potential for treating and preventing coronavirus infections, which may be applicable to COVID-19. The information included in this report provides a strong intellectual groundwork for the ongoing development of therapeutic agents and vaccines.
JO  - ACS Central Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1021/acscentsci.0c00272
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1021/acscentsci.0c00272
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Patients of COVID-19 may benefit from sustained lopinavir-combined regimen and the increase of eosinophil may predict the outcome of COVID-19 progression
AU  - Liu, Fang
AU  - Xu, Aifang
AU  - Zhang, Yan
AU  - Xuan, Weiling
AU  - Yan, Tingbo
AU  - Pan, Kenv
AU  - Yu, Wenyan
AU  - Zhang, Jun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objectives To explore the epidemiological information, clinical characteristics, therapeutic outcomes and temporal progression of laboratory findings in 2019-coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patients exposed to lopinavir. Methods We collected data from ten COVID-19 patients admitted between January 22, 2020 and February 11, 2020 at Xixi hospital in Hangzhou, China. Results Of ten patients, secondary, tertiary and quartus patients emerged, the incubation period was 3–7 days. Mainly initial symptoms were cough and low fever (37.3–38.0 ℃). An asymptomatic case presented normal radiography, the others existed ground glass opacities. All cases (three transferred, seven discharged) exposed to lopinavir on initial hospitalization. Three patients stopped lopinavir using because of adverse effect, two of them deteriorated, one hospitalized longer than others who with sustained lopinavir using. Levels of potassium, albumin, lymphocyte were low, but increased persistently after treatment. Eosinophil values were low on initial hospitalization, then all returned to normal before discharge. Viral load of SARS-CoV-2, radiography and eosinophil improved continuously in 3–14, 6–8 and 7–9 days, respectively. Conclusions Increasing eosinophils may be an indicator of COVID-19 improvement. The COVID-19 patients may benefit from sustained lopinavir using. More researches on a larger scale are needed to verify these points.
JO  - International Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.03.013
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971220301326
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - CT manifestations of coronavirus disease-2019: a retrospective analysis of 73 cases by disease severity
AU  - Liu, Kai-Cai
AU  - Xu, Ping
AU  - Lv, Wei-Fu
AU  - Qiu, Xiao-Hui
AU  - Yao, Jin-Long
AU  - Jin-Feng, Gu
AU  - Wei, Wei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Purpose To report CT features of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) in patients with various disease severity. Methods The CT manifestations and clinical data of 73 patients with COVID-19 were retrospectively collected in 6 hospitals 10 from Jan 21 to Feb 3, 2020. We analyzed the initial and follow-up CT features of patients with disease severity, according to the Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of New Coronavirus Pneumonia. Results Six patients (8%) were diagnosed as mild type pneumonia; these patients had no obvious abnormal CT findings or manifested mild changes of lung infection. All 43 patients (59%) with common type presented unique or multiple ground-glass opacities (GGO) in the periphery of the lungs, with or without interlobular septal thickening. In the 21 patients (29%) with severe type, extensive GGO and pulmonary consolidation were found in 16 cases (16/21, 76%) and 5 cases (24%), respectively. An extensive "white lung", with atelectasis and pleural effusion were found in critical type patients (3, 4%). On the resolutive phase of the disease, CT abnormalities showed complete resolution, or demonstrated residual linear opacities. Conclusions Different CT features are seen according to disease severity, which can help COVID-19 stratification.
JO  - European Journal of Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 108941-108941
SP  - 108941
EP  - 108941
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrad.2020.108941
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0720048X20301303
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Serial interval in determining the estimation of reproduction number of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) during the early outbreak
AU  - Zhao, Shi
AU  - Cao, Peihua
AU  - Gao, Daozhou
AU  - Zhuang, Zian
AU  - Cai, Yongli
AU  - Ran, Jinjun
AU  - Chong, Marc K. C.
AU  - Wang, Kai
AU  - Lou, Yijun
AU  - Wang, Weiming
AU  - Yang, Lin
AU  - He, Daihai
AU  - Wang, Maggie H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of travel medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - taaa033-taaa033
SP  - taaa033
EP  - taaa033
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/jtm/taaa033
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32163140
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Attention should be paid to the exposure risk of patients with chronic wounds on the way to hospital during corona virus disease 2019 epidemic prevention and control
AU  - ZHOU, Jingqi
AU  - DONG, Wei
AU  - XU, Honglian
AU  - CAI, Yunmin
AU  - SHENG, Donghai
AU  - WU, Fangyi
AU  - LIU, Yingkai
AU  - TANG, Jiajun
AU  - LIN, Weidong
AU  - HUANG, Lifang
AU  - LU, Shuliang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Statistics show that 76.74% (4 688) of 6 109 patients with chronic wounds are those over 50 years of age; the proportion of patients with underlying diseases in all age groups above 50 years ranges from 78.25% to 100.00%; among the underlying diseases of chronic wound patients, the top four diseases are diabetes mellitus , cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, hypertension, and respiratory diseases. The above underlying diseases and ages of patients are the susceptibility factors of corona virus disease 2019 released by National Health Commission of China. It is an unavoidable fact that patients with chronic wounds have to go to the hospital for treatment prescribed&nbsp;by the physician. At the same time, we found that there were not a few patients who go far afield because of various reasons when go to the hospital for treatment. During the period of epidemic prevention and control, this kind of 'go far afield' style of seeking medical treatment may increase the exposure risk during transportation. Accordingly, we convened 36 wound care clinics in different regions in Shanghai to implement the 'Five Measures' to encourage patients with chronic wounds to seek medical treatment proximately. The principle of this operation is that when seeking medical treatment, trying our best to reduce as much as possible the transportation distance for patients with chronic wounds to minimize the exposure risk during the epidemic period and eventually support the epidemic prevention and control campaign.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Burns
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 36
IS  - 0
PG  - E003-E003
SP  - E003
EP  - E003
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Strategy of nursing care on the face skin injuries caused by wearing medical-grade protective equipment
AU  - ZHOU, Qin
AU  - XUE, Jiao
AU  - MA, Ning Xia
AU  - TONG, Cui Fang
AU  - WANG, Qing
AU  - SHI, Xue Qin
AU  - LU, Ying
AU  - JIAO, Xiao Chun
AU  - HU, Da Hai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - For effective resistance to virus attack and infection, reducing virus transmission chance, it is extremely important for the medical staff and related workers to have their own safe protection. This paper summarizes the development causes, common locations, and prevention ways about the device related pressure injuries on the face resulted from wearing medical-grade protective equipment for a long working time. The paper proposes the nursing strategy for device related pressure injuries and other nursing strategy is proposed to take care efficiently the device related pressure injuries. Meantime, a corresponding nursing strategy is also suggested to deal with the correlative skin diseases during the application of medical-grade protective equipment. These paper aims to provide reference for the prevention of device related pressure injuries and the care of skin-related diseases for clinical working staff, especially to the respectable personnel in front line of fighting against Corona virus disease 2019.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Burns
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 36
IS  - 0
PG  - E001-E001
SP  - E001
EP  - E001
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Surveillance and Taxonomic Analysis of the Coronavirus Dominant in Pigeons in China
AU  - Zhuang, Qingye
AU  - Liu, Shuo
AU  - Zhang, Xiaochun
AU  - Jiang, Wenming
AU  - Wang, Kaicheng
AU  - Wang, Suchun
AU  - Peng, Cheng
AU  - Hou, Guangyu
AU  - Li, Jinping
AU  - Yu, Xiaohui
AU  - Yuan, Liping
AU  - Wang, Jingjing
AU  - Li, Yang
AU  - Liu, Hualei
AU  - Chen, Jiming
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronaviruses (CoVs) are found in humans and a wide variety of wild and domestic animals, and of substantial impact on human and animal health. In poultry, the genetic diversity, evolution, distribution, and taxonomy of CoVs dominant in birds other than chickens remain enigmatic. In our previous study, we proposed that the CoVs dominant (i.e., mainly circulating) in ducks (DdCoVs) should represent a novel species, which was different from the one represented by the CoVs dominant in chickens (CdCoVs). In this study, we conducted a large-scale surveillance of CoVs in chickens, ducks, geese, pigeons and other birds (quails, sparrows and partridges) using a conserved RT-PCR assay. The surveillance demonstrated that CdCoVs, DdCoVs and the CoVs dominant in pigeons (PdCoVs) belong to different lineages, and they are all prevalent in live poultry markets and the backyard flocks in some regions of China. We further sequenced seven Coronaviridae-wide conserved domains in their replicase polyprotein pp1ab of seven PdCoVs, and found that the genetic distances in these domains between PdCoVs and DdCoVs or CdCoVs are large enough to separate PdCoVs into a novel species, which were different from the ones represented by DdCoVs or CdCoVs within the genus Gammacoronavirus, per the species demarcation criterion of International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. This report shed novel insight into the genetic diversity, distribution, evolution, and taxonomy of avian CoVs.
JO  - Transboundary and emerging diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1111/tbed.13541-10.1111/tbed.13541
SP  - 10.1111/tbed.13541
EP  - 10.1111/tbed.13541
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/tbed.13541
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32163661
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - PCOMM
TI  - Coronavirus in Italy—Report From the Front Lines | Critical Care Medicine | JN Learning | AMA Ed Hub
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - Physicians in Lombardy, Italy, have been overwhelmed by COVID-19 patients requiring critical care. Based on an existing ECMO center network they developed an ICU network to rapidly identify, triage, and manage patients infected with SARS-2-CoV. Maurizio Cecconi, MD, of Humanitas University in Milan discusses the region’s approach to the surge, including clinical and supply management, health care worker training and protection, and ventilation strategies, with JAMA Editor Howard Bauchner.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://edhub.ama-assn.org/jn-learning/video-player/18315311
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Involving Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs in COVID-19 Response Efforts: All Hands on Deck
AU  - Stevens, Michael P.
AU  - Patel, Payal K.
AU  - Nori, Priya
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Infection control and hospital epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-6
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/ice.2020.69
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32167442
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Emergence of SARS-like Coronavirus in China: An Update
AU  - Zhang, Zhipeng
AU  - Xiao, Kangpeng
AU  - Zhang, Xu
AU  - Roy, Ayan
AU  - Shen, Yongyi
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.010
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.010
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Back to the spring of Wuhan: facts and hope of COVID-19 outbreak | SpringerLink
AU  - Zhou, Guangbiao
AU  - Chen, Saijuan
AU  - Zhu, Chen
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, an atypical pneumonia has been spreading from Wuhan, a beautiful city located at the center of China (Fig. 1), to the whole country. This disease originated from the Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market that was closed on January 1, 2020. Very rapidly, a novel coronavirus was isolated and named first the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) [1] and subsequently severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) [2], and is suggested to be named as human coronavirus 2019 (HCoV-19) [3]. Meanwhile, the disease is chronologically called pneumonia of unknown origin, novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP), and coronavirus disease2019 (COVID-19) (Fig. 2). Superspreading events of this virus have also taken place on the Diamond Princess cruise off the coast of Yokohama, Japan [4]. The Chinese central [5] and local governments [6] have been endeavoring unprecedented efforts to constrain the outbreak, and more than 30 000 medical professionals especially doctors and nurses outside Wuhan have been joining the local ones to handle this emergency.
JO  - Higher Education Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11684-020-0758-9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - In Case You Haven't Heard…
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Among the misinformation spread on social media is the idea that cocaine can fight the coronavirus. It's not clear where this is coming from ? Russia? The State Department has already blamed Russia for false personas. Garlic and masturbation have been added to the mythology. Whether this is disinformation or misinformation is unclear. But it is playing into everyone's fear. These ?cures? are not only not cures; they're dangerous. Well, cocaine is at least.
JO  - Alcoholism & Drug Abuse Weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 32
IS  - 11
PG  - 8-8
SP  - 8
EP  - 8
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/adaw.32661
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/adaw.32661
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Issue Information
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International Journal of Clinical Practice
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 74
IS  - 4
PG  - e13365-e13365
SP  - e13365
EP  - e13365
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/ijcp.13365
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcp.13365
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Quick crossword #53
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Set by Richard Smyth
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 245
IS  - 3273
PG  - 52-52
SP  - 52
EP  - 52
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30559-5
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920305595
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - This really is nothing like flu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Those downplaying the coronavirus ignore our lack of immunity and vaccines
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 245
IS  - 3273
PG  - 5-5
SP  - 5
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30519-4
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920305194
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - RCVS may relax guidance due to Covid-19
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Veterinary record
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 186
IS  - 10
PG  - 298-298
SP  - 298
EP  - 298
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/vr.m1009
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32165502
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The cancellation of mass gatherings (MGs)? Decision making in the time of COVID-19
AU  - Ahmed, Qanta A.
AU  - Memish, Ziad A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Our recommendation, as experts who have monitored health hazards at the Hajj for over 15 years, especially if the situation with COVID-19 continues to escalate globally is that Hajj 2020 will be at risk of being suspended and a means for Muslims to fulfill their rights in the future either personally or even by proxy need to be announced. The same holds true for the Summer 2020 Olympics in Japan and for many other MGs and large gatherings. Decisions in the time of COVID-19 will be closely followed and will be a blueprint for other mass gatherings.
JO  - Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101631-101631
SP  - 101631
EP  - 101631
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101631
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893920300995
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Bacteriophage Based Biosensors: Trends, Outcomes and Challenges
AU  - Aliakbar Ahovan, Zahra
AU  - Hashemi, Ali
AU  - De Plano, Laura Maria
AU  - Gholipourmalekabadi, Mazaher
AU  - Seifalian, Alexander
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Foodborne pathogens are one of the main concerns in public health, which can have a serious impact on community health and health care systems. Contamination of foods by bacterial pathogens (such as Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococci, Legionella pneumophila, Escherichia coli, Campylobacter jejuni and Salmonella typhimurium) results in human infection. A typical example is the current issue with Coronavirus, which has the potential for foodborne transmission and ruling out such concerns is often difficult. Although, the possible dissemination of such viruses via the food chain has been raised. Standard bacterial detection methods require several hours or even days to obtain the results, and the delay may result in food poisoning to eventuate. Conventional biochemical and microbiological tests are expensive, complex, time-consuming and not always reliable. Therefore, there are urgent demands to develop simple, cheap, quick, sensitive, specific and reliable tests for the detection of these pathogens in foods. Recent advances in smart materials, nanomaterials and biomolecular modeling have been a quantum leap in the development of biosensors in overcoming the limitations of a conventional standard laboratory assay. This research aimed to critically review bacteriophage-based biosensors, used for the detection of foodborne pathogens, as well as their trends, outcomes and challenges are discussed. The future perspective in the use of simple and cheap biosensors is in the development of lab-on-chips, and its availability in every household to test the quality of their food.
JO  - Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 10
IS  - 3
PG  - E501-E501
SP  - E501
EP  - E501
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/nano10030501
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32168802
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mapping the incidence of the COVID-19 hotspot in Iran – Implications for Travellers
AU  - Arab-Mazar, Zahra
AU  - Sah, Ranjit
AU  - Rabaan, Ali A.
AU  - Dhama, Kuldeep
AU  - Rodriguez-Morales, Alfonso J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101630-101630
SP  - 101630
EP  - 101630
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101630
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893920300983
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: Yet Another Coronavirus Challenge in Transplantation
AU  - Aslam, Saima
AU  - Mehra, Mandeep R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healun.2020.03.007
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053249820314686
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Evidence of the COVID-19 Virus Targeting the CNS: Tissue Distribution, Host–Virus Interaction, and Proposed Neurotropic Mechanisms
AU  - Baig, Abdul Mannan
AU  - Khaleeq, Areeba
AU  - Ali, Usman
AU  - Syeda, Hira
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The recent outbreak of coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19) has gripped the world with apprehension and has evoked a scare of epic proportion regarding its potential to spread and infect humans worldwide. As we are in the midst of an ongoing pandemic of COVID-19, scientists are struggling to understand how it resembles and differs from the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) at the genomic and transcriptomic level. In a short time following the outbreak, it has been shown that, similar to SARS-CoV, COVID-19 virus exploits the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor to gain entry inside the cells. This finding raises the curiosity of investigating the expression of ACE2 in neurological tissue and determining the possible contribution of neurological tissue damage to the morbidity and mortality caused by COIVD-19. Here, we investigate the density of the expression levels of ACE2 in the CNS, the host–virus interaction and relate it to the pathogenesis and complications seen in the recent cases resulting from the COVID-19 outbreak. Also, we debate the need for a model for staging COVID-19 based on neurological tissue involvement.
JO  - ACS Chemical Neuroscience
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00122
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00122
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Major testing issues in US
AU  - Barras, Colin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Delays and restrictions on who can be tested for the covid-19 virus in the US have raised the risk that it is spreading undetected, reports Colin Barras
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 245
IS  - 3273
PG  - 8-8
SP  - 8
EP  - 8
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30521-2
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920305212
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Soluble angiotensin-converting enzyme 2: a potential approach for coronavirus infection therapy?
AU  - Batlle, Daniel
AU  - Wysocki, Jan
AU  - Satchell, Karla
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A new coronavirus, referred to as SARS-CoV-2, is responsible for the recent outbreak of severe respiratory disease. This outbreak first detected in Wuhan, China in December 2019, has spread to other regions of China and to 25 other countries as of January, 2020. It has been known since the 2003 SARS epidemic that the receptor critical for SARS-CoV entry into host cells is the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). The S1 domain of the spike protein of SARS-CoV attaches the virus to its cellular receptor ACE2 on the host cells. We thought that it is timely to explain the connection between the SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, ACE2 and the rationale for soluble ACE2 as a potential therapy.
JO  - Clinical science (London, England : 1979)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 134
IS  - 5
PG  - 543-545
SP  - 543
EP  - 545
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1042/CS20200163
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32167153
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Novel Approach for a Novel Pathogen: using a home assessment team to evaluate patients for 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2)
AU  - Bryson-Cahn, Chloe
AU  - Duchin, Jeffrey
AU  - Makarewicz, Vanessa A.
AU  - Kay, Meagan
AU  - Rietberg, Krista
AU  - Napolitano, Nathanael
AU  - Kamangu, Carole
AU  - Dellit, Timothy H.
AU  - Lynch, John B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Thousands of people in the United States have required testing for SARS-CoV-2. Evaluation for a special pathogen is resource intensive. We report an innovative approach to home assessment that, in collaboration with public health, enables safe evaluation and specimen collection outside the healthcare setting, avoiding unnecessary exposures and resource utilization.
JO  - Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - ciaa256-ciaa256
SP  - ciaa256
EP  - ciaa256
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa256
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32166310
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Advocates for the homeless seeking funding for COVID-19
AU  - Canady, Valerie A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Now that the federal $8.3 billion appropriations bill has passed and been signed into law this month to stem the spread of the new coronavirus (COVID-19), advocates are hoping some of that funding reaches one of this country's most vulnerable populations: the homeless.
JO  - Mental Health Weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 30
IS  - 11
PG  - 7-8
SP  - 7
EP  - 8
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/mhw.32276
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/mhw.32276
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mental health groups providing support, education in wake of COVID-19
AU  - Canady, Valerie A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As news and updates continue to spread regarding the new coronavirus (COVID-19), the deadly virus that causes respiratory illness and pneumonia, mental health groups and organizations have issued information to consumers, providers and the mental health community at large about ways of addressing the virus and seeking information from public health sources.
JO  - Mental Health Weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 30
IS  - 11
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/mhw.32272
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/mhw.32272
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - An exclusive 42 amino acid signature in pp1ab protein provides insights into the evolutive history of the 2019 novel human-pathogenic coronavirus (SARS-CoV2)
AU  - Cárdenas-Conejo, Yair
AU  - Liñan-Rico, Andrómeda
AU  - García-Rodríguez, Daniel Alejandro
AU  - Centeno-Leija, Sara
AU  - Serrano-Posada, Hugo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The city of Wuhan, Hubei province, China, was the origin of a severe pneumonia outbreak in December 2019, attributed to a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV2), causing a total of 2761 deaths and 81109 cases (February 25, 2020). SARS-CoV2 belongs to genus Betacoronavirus, subgenus Sarbecovirus. The polyprotein 1ab (pp1ab) remains unstudied thoroughly since it is similar to other sarbecoviruses. In this short communication, we performed phylogenetic-structural sequence analysis of pp1ab protein of SARS-CoV2. The analysis showed that the viral pp1ab has not changed in most isolates throughout the outbreak time, but interestingly a deletion of 8 aa in the virulence factor non-structural protein 1 was found in a virus isolated from a Japanese patient that did not display critical symptoms. While comparing pp1ab protein with other betacoronaviruses, we found a 42 amino acid signature that is only present in SARS-CoV2 (AS-SCoV2). Members from clade 2 of sarbecoviruses have traces of this signature. The AS-SCoV2 located in the acidic-domain of papain-like protein of SARS-CoV2 and bat-SL-RatG13 guided us to suggest that the novel 2019 coronavirus probably emerged by genetic drift from bat-SL-CoV-RaTG13. The implication of this amino acid signature in papain-like protein structure arrangement and function is something worth to be explored. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1002/jmv.25758-10.1002/jmv.25758
SP  - 10.1002/jmv.25758
EP  - 10.1002/jmv.25758
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25758
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32167166
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The convalescent sera option for containing COVID-19
AU  - Casadevall, Arturo
AU  - Pirofski, Liise-Anne
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of clinical investigation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 138003-138003
SP  - 138003
EP  - 138003
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1172/JCI138003
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32167489
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: An Update on the Epidemiological, Clinical, Preventive and Therapeutic Evidence and Guidelines of Integrative Chinese-Western Medicine for the Management of 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease
AU  - Chan, Kam Wa
AU  - Wong, Vivian Taam
AU  - Tang, Sydney Chi Wai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As of 22 February 2020, more than 77662 cases of confirmed COVID-19 have been documented globally with over 2360 deaths. Common presentations of confirmed cases include fever, fatigue, dry cough, upper airway congestion, sputum production, shortness of breath, myalgia/arthralgia with lymphopenia, prolonged prothrombin time, elevated C-reactive protein, and elevated lactate dehydrogenase. The reported severe/critical case ratio is approximately 7-10% and median time to intensive care admission is 9.5-10.5 days with mortality of around 1-2% varied geographically. Similar to outbreaks of other newly identified virus, there is no proven regimen from conventional medicine and most reports managed the patients with lopinavir/ritonavir, ribavirin, beta-interferon, glucocorticoid and supportive treatment with remdesivir undergoing clinical trial. In China, Chinese medicine is proposed as a treatment option by national and provincial guidelines with substantial utilization. We reviewed the latest national and provincial clinical guidelines, retrospective cohort studies, and case series regarding the treatment of COVID-19 by add-on Chinese medicine. We have also reviewed the clinical evidence generated from SARS and H1N1 management with hypothesized mechanisms and latest in silico findings to identify candidate Chinese medicines for the consideration of possible trials and management. Given the paucity of strongly evidence-based regimens, the available data suggest that Chinese medicine could be considered as an adjunctive therapeutic option in the management of COVID-19.
JO  - The American journal of Chinese medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-26
SP  - 1
EP  - 26
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1142/S0192415X20500378
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32164424
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Application of a Risk Analysis Tool to Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) Outbreak in Saudi Arabia
AU  - Chen, Xin
AU  - Chughtai, Abrar A.
AU  - MacIntyre, Chandini R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The Grunow-Finke assessment tool (GFT) is an accepted scoring system for determining likelihood of an outbreak being unnatural in origin. Considering its high specificity but low sensitivity, a modified Grunow-Finke tool (mGFT) has been developed with improved sensitivity. The mGFT has been validated against some past disease outbreaks, but it has not been applied to ongoing outbreaks. This study is aimed to score the outbreak of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in Saudi Arabia using both the original GFT and mGFT. The publicly available data on human cases of MERS-CoV infections reported in Saudi Arabia (2012-2018) were sourced from the FluTrackers, World Health Organization, Saudi Ministry of Health, and published literature associated with MERS outbreaks investigations. The risk assessment of MERS-CoV in Saudi Arabia was analyzed using the original GFT and mGFT criteria, algorithms, and thresholds. The scoring points for each criterion were determined by three researchers to minimize the subjectivity. The results showed 40 points of total possible 54 points using the original GFT (likelihood: 74%), and 40 points of a total possible 60 points (likelihood: 67%) using the mGFT, both tools indicating a high likelihood that human MERS-CoV in Saudi Arabia is unnatural in origin. The findings simply flag unusual patterns in this outbreak, but do not prove unnatural etiology. Proof of bioattacks can only be obtained by law enforcement and intelligence agencies. This study demonstrated the value and flexibility of the mGFT in assessing and predicting the risk for an ongoing outbreak with simple criteria.
JO  - Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1111/risa.13472-10.1111/risa.13472
SP  - 10.1111/risa.13472
EP  - 10.1111/risa.13472
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/risa.13472
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32170774
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Why do dozens of diseases wax and wane with the seasons—and will COVID-19?
AU  - Cohen, Jon
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - On a December afternoon, 13 days before the winter solstice, six men and women checked into the Surrey Clinical Research Facility, part of the University of Surrey in the United Kingdom. After having their noses swabbed to check for 16 different respiratory viruses, they walked into their own temperature-regulated rooms and, for 24 hours, each person stayed in a semirecumbent position in dim light. Nurses placed a cannula into a vein of each person’s arm, allowing easy sampling of blood that flowed through a tube to portals in the wall. The six subjects could press buzzers for bathroom breaks, where the stool and urine were collected, but otherwise, they were alone in the near-dark. None of these people were sick. And although the shortest day of the year was approaching, their ritual had nothing to do with pagan rites, Yuletide traditions, or the annual hippie gathering at nearby Stonehenge to celebrate the rebirth of the Sun. Instead, they were paid volunteers in a study led by infectious disease ecologist Micaela Martinez of Columbia University to investigate a phenomenon recognized 2500 years ago by Hippocrates and Thucydides: Many infectious diseases are more common during specific seasons. “It’s a very old question, but it’s not very well studied,” Martinez says.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb7234
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/03/why-do-dozens-diseases-wax-and-wane-seasons-and-will-covid-19
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1 and IL-6) and lung inflammation by COVID-19: anti-inflammatory strategies
AU  - Conti, P.
AU  - Ronconi, G.
AU  - Caraffa, A.
AU  - Gallenga, C.
AU  - Ross, R.
AU  - Frydas, I.
AU  - Kritas, S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 (coronavirus disease-19) involves humans as well as animals and may cause serious damage to the respiratory tract including the lung. This pathogenic virus has been identified in swabs performed on the throat and nose of patients who suffer from or are suspected of the disease. When COVID-19 infect the upper and lower respiratory tract it can cause mild or highly acute respiratory syndrome with consequent release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1b and IL-6. The binding of COVID-19 to the Toll Like Receptor (TLR) causes the release of pro-IL-1b which is cleaved by caspase-1, followed by inflammasome activation and production of active mature IL-1b which is a mediator of lung inflammation, fever and fibrosis. Suppression of pro-inflammatory IL-1 family members and IL-6 have been shown to have a therapeutic effect in many inflammatory diseases, including viral infections. Cytokine IL-37 has the ability to suppress innate and acquired immune response and also has the capacity to inhibit inflammation by acting on IL-18Ra receptor. IL-37 performs its immunosuppressive activity by acting on mTOR and increasing the adenosine monophosphate (AMP) kinase. This cytokine inhibits class II histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules and inflammation in inflammatory diseases by suppressing MyD88 and subsequently IL-1β, IL-6, TNF and CCL2. The suppression of IL-1b by IL-37 in inflammatory state induced by COVID-19 can have a new therapeutic effect previously unknown. Another inhibitory cytokine is IL-38, the newest cytokine of the IL-1 family members, produced by several immune cells including B cells and macrophages. IL-38 is also a suppressor cytokine which inhibits IL-1b and other pro-inflammatory IL-family members. IL-38 is a potential therapeutic cytokine which inhibits inflammation in viral infections including that caused by COVID-19, providing a new relevant strategy.
JO  - Journal of biological regulators and homeostatic agents
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 34
IS  - 2
PG  - 1-1
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
AN  - 
DO  - 10.23812/CONTI-E.
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32171193
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Budgeting for covid-19: changing the narrative and narrating the change
AU  - Cowper, Andy
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The UK government’s plan for dealing with covid-19 has now moved from the “contain” phase to the “delay” stage.1 This is just a recognition of reality. The World Health Organization has confirmed that the outbreak is now a pandemic,2 and the spread of disease is moving as expected.3 The move to the “delay” phase raises the question of what an effective UK reaction to pandemic covid-19 is going to look like, other than to buy us some preparation time. ITV’s political editor Robert Peston has a close working relationship with sources inside Boris Johnson’s government, and his latest blog outlines the government’s “herd immunity” strategy.4 It is worth quoting: “The strategy of the British government in minimising the impact . . . is to allow the virus to pass through the entire population so that we acquire herd immunity, but at a much delayed speed so that those who suffer the most acute symptoms are able to receive the medical support they need, and such that the …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1053-m1053
SP  - m1053
EP  - m1053
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1053
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1053
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemiological characteristics of confirmed COVID-19 cases in Tianjin
AU  - Dong, X. C.
AU  - Li, J. M.
AU  - Bai, J. Y.
AU  - Liu, Z. Q.
AU  - Zhou, P. H.
AU  - Gao, L.
AU  - Li, X. Y.
AU  - Zhang, Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To investigate the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of 135 confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Tianjin. Methods: The clinical and epidemiological data of 135 cases of COVID-19 in Tianjin were collected, and the data were analyzed with descriptive method. The factors influencing the severity of the illness were analyzed. Results: Among the 135 COVID-19 cases, 72 were males and 63 were females, the age of the cases was (48.62±16.83) years, and the case fatality rate was 2.22%. Local transmission caused 74.81% of the cases. A total of 33 clusters occurred, involving 85.92% of all COVID-19 cases. The median of the incubation period of COVID-19 was 6.50 days, the average generation interval was 5 days, and the household secondary transmission rate was 20.46%. Fever was the main symptom (78.63%), followed by cough (56.48%). Multivariate regression analysis indicated that age (OR=1.038, 95%CI: 1.010-1.167) and the number of chronic underlying diseases (OR=1.709, 95%CI: 1.052-2.777) were the risk factors of severe illness. Conclusions: Fever was the main symptom at the early phase of COVID-19 in Tianjin, and the local cluster cases accounted for high proportion in confirmed COVID-19 cases reported in Tianjin. Severe illness was prone to occur in people with old age and multi underlying diseases. Strict isolation of close contacts and intensive care of high-risk groups are the main measures to reduce the morbidity and case fatality of COVID-19.
JO  - Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi = Zhonghua liuxingbingxue zazhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 5
PG  - 638-642
SP  - 638
EP  - 642
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200221-00146
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32164400
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemiology of 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease-19 in Gansu Province, China, 2020
AU  - Fan, Jingchun
AU  - Liu, Xiaodong
AU  - Pan, Weimin
AU  - Douglas, Mark W.
AU  - Bao, Shisan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - To determine the epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in a remote region of China, far from Wuhan, we analyzed the epidemiology of COVID-19 in Gansu Province. From January 23 through February 3, 2020, a total of 35 (64.8%) of 54 reported cases were imported from COVID-19-epidemic areas. Characteristics that differed significantly during the first and second waves of illness in Gansu Province were mean patient age, occupation, having visited epidemic areas, and mode of transportation. Time from infection to illness onset for family clusters was shorter in Gansu Province than in Wuhan, consistent with shortened durations from onset to first medical visit or hospitalization. Spatial distribution pattern analysis indicated hot spots and spatial outliers in Gansu Province. As a result of adequate interventions, transmission of the COVID-19 virus in Gansu Province is decreasing.
JO  - Emerging infectious diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 26
IS  - 6
PG  - 10.3201/eid2606.200251-10.3201/eid2606.200251
SP  - 10.3201/eid2606.200251
EP  - 10.3201/eid2606.200251
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3201/eid2606.200251
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32168465
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Breakthrough: Chloroquine phosphate has shown apparent efficacy in treatment of COVID-19 associated pneumonia in clinical studies
AU  - Gao, Jianjun
AU  - Tian, Zhenxue
AU  - Yang, Xu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) virus is spreading rapidly, and scientists are endeavoring to discover drugs for its efficacious treatment in China. Chloroquine phosphate, an old drug for treatment of malaria, is shown to have apparent efficacy and acceptable safety against COVID-19 associated pneumonia in multicenter clinical trials conducted in China. The drug is recommended to be included in the next version of the Guidelines for the Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Pneumonia Caused by COVID-19 issued by the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China for treatment of COVID-19 infection in larger populations in the future.
JO  - BioScience Trends
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 14
IS  - 1
PG  - 72-73
SP  - 72
EP  - 73
AN  - 
DO  - 10.5582/bst.2020.01047
UR  - https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/bst/14/1/14_2020.01047/_article
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Is Romania ready to face the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak? The role of incoming travelers and that of Romanian diaspora
AU  - Gherghel, Iulian
AU  - Bulai, Mihai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101628-101628
SP  - 101628
EP  - 101628
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101628
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S147789392030096X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - First known person-to-person transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in the USA
AU  - Ghinai, Isaac
AU  - McPherson, Tristan D.
AU  - Hunter, Jennifer C.
AU  - Kirking, Hannah L.
AU  - Christiansen, Demian
AU  - Joshi, Kiran
AU  - Rubin, Rachel
AU  - Morales-Estrada, Shirley
AU  - Black, Stephanie R.
AU  - Pacilli, Massimo
AU  - Fricchione, Marielle J.
AU  - Chugh, Rashmi K.
AU  - Walblay, Kelly A.
AU  - Ahmed, N. Seema
AU  - Stoecker, William C.
AU  - Hasan, Nausheen F.
AU  - Burdsall, Deborah P.
AU  - Reese, Heather E.
AU  - Wallace, Megan
AU  - Wang, Chen
AU  - Moeller, Darcie
AU  - Korpics, Jacqueline
AU  - Novosad, Shannon A.
AU  - Benowitz, Isaac
AU  - Jacobs, Max W.
AU  - Dasari, Vishal S.
AU  - Patel, Megan T.
AU  - Kauerauf, Judy
AU  - Charles, E. Matt
AU  - Ezike, Ngozi O.
AU  - Chu, Victoria
AU  - Midgley, Claire M.
AU  - Rolfes, Melissa A.
AU  - Gerber, Susan I.
AU  - Lu, Xiaoyan
AU  - Lindstrom, Stephen
AU  - Verani, Jennifer R.
AU  - Layden, Jennifer E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <h2>Summary</h2><h3>Background</h3><p>Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), first detected in China in December, 2019. In January, 2020, state, local, and federal public health agencies investigated the first case of COVID-19 in Illinois, USA.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Patients with confirmed COVID-19 were defined as those with a positive SARS-CoV-2 test. Contacts were people with exposure to a patient with COVID-19 on or after the patient's symptom onset date. Contacts underwent active symptom monitoring for 14 days following their last exposure. Contacts who developed fever, cough, or shortness of breath became persons under investigation and were tested for SARS-CoV-2. A convenience sample of 32 asymptomatic health-care personnel contacts were also tested.</p><h3>Findings</h3><p>Patient 1—a woman in her 60s—returned from China in mid-January, 2020. One week later, she was hospitalised with pneumonia and tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. Her husband (Patient 2) did not travel but had frequent close contact with his wife. He was admitted 8 days later and tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. Overall, 372 contacts of both cases were identified; 347 underwent active symptom monitoring, including 152 community contacts and 195 health-care personnel. Of monitored contacts, 43 became persons under investigation, in addition to Patient 2. These 43 persons under investigation and all 32 asymptomatic health-care personnel tested negative for SARS-CoV-2.</p><h3>Interpretation</h3><p>Person-to-person transmission of SARS-CoV-2 occurred between two people with prolonged, unprotected exposure while Patient 1 was symptomatic. Despite active symptom monitoring and testing of symptomatic and some asymptomatic contacts, no further transmission was detected.</p><h3>Funding</h3><p>None.</p>
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 0
IS  - 0
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30607-3
UR  - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0140673620306073
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Potential global pandemics: the role of the WHO and other public health bodies
AU  - Glasper, Alan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In light of the emergence of the new coronavirus in China, Emeritus Professor Alan Glasper, from the University of Southampton, discusses the response strategies adopted by international and national public health agencies.
JO  - British journal of nursing (Mark Allen Publishing)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 29
IS  - 5
PG  - 322-323
SP  - 322
EP  - 323
AN  - 
DO  - 10.12968/bjon.2020.29.5.322
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32167823
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - China's local governments are combating COVID-19 with unprecedented responses - from a Wenzhou governance perspective
AU  - Gong, Fanghua
AU  - Xiong, Yong
AU  - Xiao, Jian
AU  - Lin, Li
AU  - Liu, Xiaodong
AU  - Wang, Dezhong
AU  - Li, Xiaokun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 caused by a novel strain of Coronavirus has been spreading rapidly since its onset in Wuhan, the capital city of central China's Hubei Province, in December 2019. It is highly communicable through human-to-human transmission. China has been making unprecedented efforts in treating the confirmed cases, identifying and isolating their close contacts and suspected cases to control the source of infection and cut the route of transmission. China's devotion in handling this epidemic has effectively and efficiently curbed communication domestically and across the border. Representative measures adopted by Wenzhou, the worst hit city out of Hubei Province, are examined to elucidate those massive undertakings with the aim of enhancing international understanding and building global rapport in fighting this evolving epidemic situation.
JO  - Frontiers of medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1007/s11684-020-0755-z
SP  - 10.1007/s11684
EP  - 020
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11684-020-0755-z
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32166600
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Critical Care Utilization for the COVID-19 Outbreak in Lombardy, Italy: Early Experience and Forecast During an Emergency Response
AU  - Grasselli, Giacomo
AU  - Pesenti, Antonio
AU  - Cecconi, Maurizio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1001/jama.2020.4031-10.1001/jama.2020.4031
SP  - 10.1001/jama.2020.4031
EP  - 10.1001/jama.2020.4031
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.4031
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32167538
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Critical Care Utilization for the COVID-19 Outbreak in Lombardy, Italy
AU  - Grasselli, Giacomo
AU  - Pesenti, Antonio
AU  - Cecconi, Maurizio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - On February 20, 2020, a patient in his 30s admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) in Codogno Hospital (Lodi, Lombardy, Italy) tested positive for a new coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). He had a history of atypical pneumonia that was not responding to treatment, but he was not considered at risk for COVID-19 infection.1 The positive result was immediately reported to the Lombardy health care system and governmental offices. During the next 24 hours, the number of reported positive cases increased to 36. This situation was considered a serious development for several reasons: the patient (“patient 1”) was healthy and young; in less than 24 hours, 36 additional cases were identified, without links to patient 1 or previously identified positive cases already in the country; it was not possible to identify with certainty the source of transmission to patient 1 at the time; and, because patient 1 was in the ICU and there were already 36 cases by day 2, chances were that a cluster of unknown magnitude was present and additional spread was likely. On February 21, an emergency task force was formed by the Government of Lombardy and local health authorities to lead the response to the outbreak. This Viewpoint provides a summary of the response of the COVID-19 Lombardy ICU network and a forecast of estimated ICU demand over the coming weeks (projected to March 20, 2020).
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.4031
UR  - https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2763188
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Did the hesitancy in declaring COVID-19 a pandemic reflect a need to redefine the term?
AU  - Green, Manfred S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 0
IS  - 0
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30630-9
UR  - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0140673620306309
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Using public health law to contain the spread of COVID-19
AU  - Griffith, Richard
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Richard Griffith, Senior Lecturer in Health Law at Swansea University, considers what powers are available to ministers, health and local authorities to minimise the spread of the novel coronavirus and the disease it causes.
JO  - British journal of nursing (Mark Allen Publishing)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 29
IS  - 5
PG  - 326-327
SP  - 326
EP  - 327
AN  - 
DO  - 10.12968/bjon.2020.29.5.326
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32167816
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Pandemic: global epidemiological trends and China's subsequent preparedness and responses
AU  - Guo, Y.
AU  - Huang, Y. M.
AU  - Huang, J.
AU  - Jin, Y. Z.
AU  - Jiang, W.
AU  - Liu, P. L.
AU  - Liu, F. J.
AU  - Ma, J. X.
AU  - Ma, J. Y.
AU  - Wang, Y.
AU  - Xie, Z.
AU  - Yin, H.
AU  - Zhao, C. S.
AU  - Zhou, S. D.
AU  - Zhang, J.
AU  - Zheng, Z. J.
AU  - Global Health Governance Working Group for Covid-19 Outbreak, Institute for Global Health
AU  - School of Public, Health
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of COVID-19 has spread quickly across 114 countries/territories/areas in six continents worldwide and has been announced as a pandemic by WHO. This study analyzed global COVID-19 epidemiological trends, examined impact of the pandemic on global health security, diplomacy, and social environment in China, and provided short- and long-term strategic policy recommendations for China's subsequent preparedness and responses.
JO  - Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi = Zhonghua liuxingbingxue zazhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 5
PG  - 643-648
SP  - 643
EP  - 648
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200301-00222
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32164401
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The origin, transmission and clinical therapies on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak – an update on the status
AU  - Guo, Yan-Rong
AU  - Cao, Qing-Dong
AU  - Hong, Zhong-Si
AU  - Tan, Yuan-Yang
AU  - Chen, Shou-Deng
AU  - Jin, Hong-Jun
AU  - Tan, Kai-Sen
AU  - Wang, De-Yun
AU  - Yan, Yan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - An acute respiratory disease, caused by a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2, previously known as 2019-nCoV), the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread throughout China and received worldwide attention. On 30 January 2020, World Health Organization (WHO) officially declared the COVID-19 epidemic as a public health emergency of international concern. The emergence of SARS-CoV-2, since the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in 2002 and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in 2012, marked the third introduction of a highly pathogenic and large-scale epidemic coronavirus into the human population in the twenty-first century. As of 1 March 2020, a total of 87,137 confirmed cases globally, 79,968 confirmed in China and 7169 outside of China, with 2977 deaths (3.4%) had been reported by WHO. Meanwhile, several independent research groups have identified that SARS-CoV-2 belongs to β-coronavirus, with highly identical genome to bat coronavirus, pointing to bat as the natural host. The novel coronavirus uses the same receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as that for SARS-CoV, and mainly spreads through the respiratory tract. Importantly, increasingly evidence showed sustained human-to-human transmission, along with many exported cases across the globe. The clinical symptoms of COVID-19 patients include fever, cough, fatigue and a small population of patients appeared gastrointestinal infection symptoms. The elderly and people with underlying diseases are susceptible to infection and prone to serious outcomes, which may be associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and cytokine storm. Currently, there are few specific antiviral strategies, but several potent candidates of antivirals and repurposed drugs are under urgent investigation. In this review, we summarized the latest research progress of the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and clinical characteristics of COVID-19, and discussed the current treatment and scientific advancements to combat the epidemic novel coronavirus.
JO  - Military Medical Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 7
IS  - 1
PG  - 11-11
SP  - 11
EP  - 11
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s40779-020-00240-0
UR  - https://mmrjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40779-020-00240-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - There are two types of the new coronavirus What does that mean? Jessica Hamzelou explains
AU  - Hamzelou, Jessica
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 245
IS  - 3273
PG  - 11-11
SP  - 11
EP  - 11
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30527-3
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920305273
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Diabetic Patient With 2019-nCoV Infection Who Recovered and Was Discharged From Hospital
AU  - Han, Xiaoyu
AU  - Fan, Yanqing
AU  - Wan, Yung-Liang
AU  - Shi, Heshui
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Novel coronavirus has become a global health hazard and its high infectivity is alarming. The imaging findings of the 2019-nCoV infection in our young diabetic patient featured ground-glass opacities and consolidations in both lungs. The lung lesions may involute rapidly during the course. The patient showed improvement both clinically and on computed tomography imaging at discharged after 2 weeks'treatment. Computed tomography scans of patients helped monitor the changes continuously, which could timely provide the information of the evolution of the disease or therapeutic effect to clinicians.
JO  - Journal of thoracic imaging
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1097/RTI.0000000000000506-10.1097/RTI.0000000000000506
SP  - 10.1097/RTI.0000000000000506
EP  - 10.1097/RTI.0000000000000506
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1097/RTI.0000000000000506
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32168162
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): What we know?
AU  - He, Feng
AU  - Deng, Yu
AU  - Li, Weina
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In late December 2019, a cluster of unexplained pneumonia cases has been reported in Wuhan, China. A few days later, the causative agent of this mysterious pneumonia was identified as a novel coronavirus. This causative virus has been temporarily named as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the relevant infected disease has been named as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by the World Health Organization respectively. The COVID-19 epidemic is spreading in China and all over the world now. The purpose of this review is primarily to review the pathogen, clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of COVID-19, but also to comment briefly on the epidemiology and pathology based on the current evidences. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1002/jmv.25766-10.1002/jmv.25766
SP  - 10.1002/jmv.25766
EP  - 10.1002/jmv.25766
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25766
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32170865
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Impact of complicated myocardial injury on the clinical outcome of severe or critically ill COVID-19 patients
AU  - He, X. W.
AU  - Lai, J. S.
AU  - Cheng, J.
AU  - Wang, M. W.
AU  - Liu, Y. J.
AU  - Xiao, Z. C.
AU  - Xu, C.
AU  - Li, S. S.
AU  - Zeng, H. S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics of the severe or critically ill patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19), and evaluate the impact of complicated myocardial injury on the prognosis of these patients. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in 54 patients who admitted to Tongji hospital from February 3, 2020 to February 24, 2020 and met the criteria of severe or critical conditions of COVID-19. The clinical characteristics and hospital mortality rate were analyzed and compared between the patients with or without myocardial injury, which was defined with 3 times higher serum cardiac troponin value. Results: The median age of the 54 patients was 68 (59.8, 74.3) years. Among all the patients, 24 (44.4%) patients were complicated with hypertension, 13 (24.1%) with diabetes, 8 (14.8%) with coronary heart disease, and 3 (5.6%) with previous cerebral infarction. During hospitalization, 24 (44.4%) of the patients were complicated with myocardial injury and 26 (48.1%) patients died in hospital. In-hospital mortality was significantly higher in patients with myocardial injury than in patients without myocardial injury (14 (60.9%) vs. 8 (25.8%), P=0.013). Moreover, the levels of C-reactive protein (153.6 (80.3, 240.7) ng/L vs. 49.8 (15.9, 101.9) ng/L) and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (852.0 (400.0, 2 315.3) ng/L vs. 197.0 (115.3, 631.0) ng/L) were significantly higher than patients without myocardial injury (all P<0.01). Conclusions: Prevalence of myocardial injury is high among severe or critically ill COVID-19 patients. Severe or critically ill COVID-19 patients with myocardial injury face a significantly higher risk of in-hospital mortality. The study suggests that it is important to monitor and manage the myocardial injury during hospitalization for severe or critically ill COVID-19 patients.
JO  - Zhonghua xin xue guan bing za zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 48
IS  - 0
PG  - E011-E011
SP  - E011
EP  - E011
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20200228-00137
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32171190
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19, ECMO, and lymphopenia: a word of caution
AU  - Henry, Brandon Michael
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Respiratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 0
IS  - 0
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30119-3
UR  - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2213260020301193
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 18F-FDG PET/CT and COVID-19
AU  - Joob, Beuy
AU  - Wiwanitkit, Viroj
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1007/s00259-020-04762-6
SP  - 10.1007/s00259
EP  - 020
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00259-020-04762-6
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32166511
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Labs go quiet as researchers brace for long-term coronavirus disruptions
AU  - Kelly Servick, Adrian Cho, Giorgia Guglielmi, Gretchen Vogel
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Evolutionary biologist Richard Lenski at Michigan State University spends a lot of time thinking about how microbes grow. Since 1988, his team has watched populations of Escherichia coli bacteria grow and evolve in the lab through more than 73,000 generations. So when cases of COVID-19, caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, appeared in the United States, he knew to expect exponential growth—these first cases were just a hint of what was to come. This week, as research institutions around the world brace for a surge in COVID-19 cases and consider their staff and students’ roles in slowing the virus’ spread, Lenski decided to freeze his bacteria and pause the 32-year experiment. “I didn’t want people responsible for doing this daily work [of maintaining the bacteria] to feel a pressure to come in when they might not be feeling well,” he says. This is “a tiny perturbation” in the scheme of the experiment, which can simply be resumed by unfreezing the bacteria. But that disruption is itself the tip of an iceberg. Countless labs in a variety of research fields are reconsidering their planned studies—and not all projects can be easily put on ice.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb7259
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/03/labs-go-quiet-researchers-brace-long-term-coronavirus-disruptions
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Modeling the dynamics of novel coronavirus (2019-nCov) with fractional derivative
AU  - Khan, Muhammad Altaf
AU  - Atangana, Abdon
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The present paper describes the mathematical modeling and dynamics of a novel corona virus (2019-nCoV). We describe the brief details of interaction among the bats and unknown hosts, then among the peoples and the infections reservoir (seafood market). The seafood marked are considered the main source of infection when the bats and the unknown hosts (may be wild animals) leaves the infection there. The purchasing of items from the seafood market by peoples have the ability to infect either asymptomatically or symptomatically. We reduced the model with the assumptions that the seafood market has enough source of infection that can be effective to infect people. We present the mathematical results of the model and then formulate a fractional model. We consider the available infection cases for January 21, 2020, till January 28, 2020 and parameterized the model. We compute the basic reproduction number for the data is R0≈2.4829. The fractional model is then solved numerically by presenting many graphical results, which can be helpful for the infection minimization.
JO  - Alexandria Engineering Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aej.2020.02.033
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1110016820300971
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Empfehlungen zur intensivmedizinischen Therapie von Patienten mit COVID-19
AU  - Kluge, Stefan
AU  - Janssens, Uwe
AU  - Welte, Tobias
AU  - Weber-Carstens, Steffen
AU  - Marx, Gernot
AU  - Karagiannidis, Christian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Vorbemerkung Das neuartige Coronavirus erhielt den offiziellen Namen „SARS-CoV-2“; klinisches Bild und Erkrankung werden als „COVID-19“ bezeichnet. Einleitung Diese Empfehlung soll Ärzten auf Intensivstationen, die Patienten mit COVID-19 betreuen, eine Hilfestellung geben. Dabei ist zu beachten, dass es sich bei dem aktuellen COVID-19-Ausbruchsgeschehen um eine sich sehr dynamisch entwickelnde Situation handelt. Der aktuelle intensivmedizinische Wissensstand bezieht sich überwiegend auf Beobachtungen aus China und Italien [1]. Umfangreiche Informationen zum Erreger und zum Ausbruchsgeschehen finden sich auf der Homepage des Robert Koch-Instituts (RKI, www.rki.de). Grundsätzlich empfehlen wir, sich in einem multidisziplinären Team im Krankenhaus mit der Thematik zu befassen. Dazu sollten in jedem Fall Intensivmediziner, Pflegekräfte, Infektiologen und Krankenhaushygieniker gehören. Eine Infektionsübertragung durch infizierte Personen erfolgt in der Regel über Tröpfcheninfektion und bei engen Kontakten. Daher ist eine konsequente Umsetzung der Basishygiene (einschließlich der Händehygiene) sowie der Personalschutzmaßnahmen essenziell.
JO  - Medizinische Klinik - Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00063-020-00674-3
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00063-020-00674-3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recommendations for critically ill patients with COVID-19 TT - Empfehlungen zur intensivmedizinischen Therapie von Patienten mit COVID-19
AU  - Kluge, Stefan
AU  - Janssens, Uwe
AU  - Welte, Tobias
AU  - Weber-Carstens, Steffen
AU  - Marx, Gernot
AU  - Karagiannidis, Christian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Medizinische Klinik, Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1007/s00063-020-00674-3
SP  - 10.1007/s00063
EP  - 020
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00063-020-00674-3
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32166350
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - What does $8 billion for coronavirus say about opioid funding?
AU  - Knopf, Alison
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Last week, Congress gave $8 billion to the fight against coronavirus, seemingly overnight. Certainly, compared to the extra $2 billion a year for addressing the opioid epidemic, the money came much faster. It took years for the State Targeted Response to the Opioid Crisis (STR) grant to be included, as it was in the Cures Act passed by Congress in 2016 and signed into law by President Obama in December of that year. The State Opioid Response (SOR) grants continue. How did the coronavirus $8 billion ? $6 billion more than the White House had asked for ? materialize so quickly? We asked two Capitol Hill experts.
JO  - Alcoholism & Drug Abuse Weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 32
IS  - 11
PG  - 5-6
SP  - 5
EP  - 6
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/adaw.32658
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/adaw.32658
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The pathological changes and related studies of novel coronavirus infected surgical specimen
AU  - Kuang, D.
AU  - Xu, S. P.
AU  - Hu, Y.
AU  - Liu, C.
AU  - Duan, Y. Q.
AU  - Wang, G. P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zhonghua bing li xue za zhi = Chinese journal of pathology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 49
IS  - 0
PG  - E008-E008
SP  - E008
EP  - E008
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20200315-00205
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32171194
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prediction of the Epidemic Peak of Coronavirus Disease in Japan, 2020
AU  - Kuniya, Toshikazu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The first case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Japan was reported on 15 January 2020 and the number of reported cases has increased day by day. The purpose of this study is to give a prediction of the epidemic peak for COVID-19 in Japan by using the real-time data from 15 January to 29 February 2020. Taking into account the uncertainty due to the incomplete identification of infective population, we apply the well-known SEIR compartmental model for the prediction. By using a least-square-based method with Poisson noise, we estimate that the basic reproduction number for the epidemic in Japan is R 0 = 2 . 6 ( 95 % CI, 2 . 4 &ndash; 2 . 8 ) and the epidemic peak could possibly reach the early-middle summer. In addition, we obtain the following epidemiological insights: (1) the essential epidemic size is less likely to be affected by the rate of identification of the actual infective population; (2) the intervention has a positive effect on the delay of the epidemic peak; (3) intervention over a relatively long period is needed to effectively reduce the final epidemic size.
JO  - Journal of Clinical Medicine 2020, Vol. 9, Page 789
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 3
PG  - 789-789
SP  - 789
EP  - 789
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/JCM9030789
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Genome analyses help track coronavirus' moves
AU  - Kupferschmidt, Kai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Science (New York, N.Y.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 367
IS  - 6483
PG  - 1176-1177
SP  - 1176
EP  - 1177
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.367.6483.1176
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32165562
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Testing the repatriated for SARS-Cov2: Should laboratory-based quarantine replace traditional quarantine?
AU  - Lagier, Jean Christophe
AU  - Colson, Philippe
AU  - Tissot Dupont, Hervé
AU  - Salomon, Jérôme
AU  - Doudier, Barbara
AU  - Aubry, Camille
AU  - Gouriet, Frédérique
AU  - Baron, Sophie
AU  - Dudouet, Pierre
AU  - Flores, Rémi
AU  - Ailhaud, Lucie
AU  - Gautret, Philippe
AU  - Parola, Philippe
AU  - La Scola, Bernard
AU  - Raoult, Didier
AU  - Brouqui, Philippe
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background An ongoing epidemic of respiratory diseases caused by a novel coronavirus (COVID 2019, SARS-CoV2) started in Wuhan, Hubei, in China at the end of December 2019. The French government decided to repatriate the 337 French nationals living in Wuhan and place them in quarantine in their home country. We decided to test them all for SARS-Cov2 twice in order to reduce anxiety among the population and decision-makers. Methods We investigated the presence of SARS-CoV-19 in asymptomatic carriers by testing all repatriated patients within the first 24 h of their arrival in France and at day 5. Viral RNA was extracted from pooled nasal and oropharyngeal swab fluids or sputum in the absence of nasal/oropharyngeal swabs. Detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA was then carried out using several real-time reverse transcription (RT)-PCR assays. Results We tested 337 passengers at day 0 and day 5. All the tests for SARS-CoV2 were negative. By optimising the sampling process, sending samples sequentially and reducing the time-scale for biological analysis, we were able to test the samples within 5 h (including sampling, shipment and biological tests). Conclusion Optimising our procedures reduces anxiety and reassures the population and decision makers.
JO  - Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101624-101624
SP  - 101624
EP  - 101624
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101624
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893920300922
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Internationally lost COVID-19 cases
AU  - Lau, Hien
AU  - Khosrawipour, Veria
AU  - Kocbach, Piotr
AU  - Mikolajczyk, Agata
AU  - Ichii, Hirohito
AU  - Schubert, Justyna
AU  - Bania, Jacek
AU  - Khosrawipour, Tanja
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background With its epicenter in Wuhan, China, the COVID-19 outbreak was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). While many countries have implemented flight restrictions to China, an increasing number of cases with or without travel background to China are confirmed daily. These developments support concerns on possible unidentified and unreported international COVID-19 cases, which could lead to new local disease epicenters. Methods We have analyzed all available data on the development of international COVID-19 cases from January 20th, 2020 until February 18th, 2020. COVID-19 cases with and without travel history to China were divided into cohorts according to the Healthcare Access and Quality Index (HAQ-Index) of each country. Chi-square and Post-hoc testing were performed. Results While COVID-19 cases with travel history to China seem to peak for each HAQ-cohort, the number of non-travel related COVID-19 cases seem to continuously increase in the HAQ-cohort of countries with higher medical standards. Further analyses demonstrate a significantly lower proportion of reported COVID-19 cases without travel history to China in countries with lower HAQ (HAQ I vs. HAQ II, posthoc p <0.01). Conclusions Our data indicate that countries with lower HAQ-index may either underreport COVID-19 cases or are unable to adequately detect them. Although our data may be incomplete and must be interpreted with caution, inconsistencies in reporting COVID-19 cases is a serious problem which might sabotage efforts to contain the virus.
JO  - Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2020.03.013
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1684118220300736
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Why coronavirus death rate is so hard to pin down
AU  - Le Page, Michael
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 245
IS  - 3273
PG  - 8-8
SP  - 8
EP  - 8
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30522-4
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920305224
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Interrupting transmission of COVID-19: lessons from containment efforts in Singapore
AU  - Lee, Vernon J.
AU  - Chiew, Calvin J.
AU  - Khong, Wei Xin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Despite multiple importations resulting in local chains of transmission, Singapore has been able to control the COVID-19 outbreak without major disruption to daily living. In this article, we describe the combination of measures taken by Singapore to contain COVID-19 and share some early lessons learnt from the experience.
JO  - Journal of travel medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - taaa039-taaa039
SP  - taaa039
EP  - taaa039
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/jtm/taaa039
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32167146
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Silent circulation of coronaviruses in pigs
AU  - Leopardi, Stefania
AU  - Terregino, Calogero
AU  - Paola, De Benedictis
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Veterinary record
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 186
IS  - 10
PG  - 323-323
SP  - 323
EP  - 323
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/vr.m932
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32165523
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Co-infections of SARS-CoV-2 with multiple common respiratory pathogens in infected patients
AU  - Lin, Dachuan
AU  - Liu, Lei
AU  - Zhang, Mingxia
AU  - Hu, Yunlong
AU  - Yang, Qianting
AU  - Guo, Jiubiao
AU  - Guo, Yongchao
AU  - Dai, Youchao
AU  - Xu, Yuzhong
AU  - Cai, Yi
AU  - Chen, Xinchun
AU  - Zhang, Zheng
AU  - Huang, Kaisong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Science China. Life sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1007/s11427-020-1668-5
SP  - 10.1007/s11427
EP  - 020
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11427-020-1668-5
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32170625
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pharmacotherapeutic about the new coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - Liu, Y. N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zhonghua jie he he hu xi za zhi = Zhonghua jiehe he huxi zazhi = Chinese journal of tuberculosis and respiratory diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 3
PG  - 161-162
SP  - 161
EP  - 162
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2020.03.001
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32164077
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Bearing the brunt of covid-19: older people in low and middle income countries
AU  - Lloyd-Sherlock, Peter
AU  - Ebrahim, Shah
AU  - Geffen, Leon
AU  - McKee, Martin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A global expert group on older people might be useful The global response to covid-19 has been described as being “too little, too late.”1 National and international efforts are now gathering pace. Those involved in these efforts can draw on a rapidly growing body of research, much summarised in regularly updated guidelines published by national and international authorities, covering the latest information on the virus, its mode of transmission, its spread, and the susceptibility of different groups within the population. Although many aspects of this new infection remain uncertain, one thing is already clear. The risk of dying from covid-19 increases with age, and most of the deaths observed are in people older than 60, especially those with chronic conditions such as cardiovascular disease. This has important implications for the way in which public health and clinical responses should be developed. Yet, to date, guidance largely ignores this issue, not only in high income countries,2 but in low and middle income countries (LMICs), which contain 69% of the global population aged ≥60 and where health systems are weaker and covid-19 could potentially have the greatest impact. In LMIC settings, there are at least four issues to consider. …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1052-m1052
SP  - m1052
EP  - m1052
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1052
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1052
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Effectiveness of N95 respirators versus surgical masks against influenza: A systematic review and meta-analysis
AU  - Long, Youlin
AU  - Hu, Tengyue
AU  - Liu, Liqin
AU  - Chen, Rui
AU  - Guo, Qiong
AU  - Yang, Liu
AU  - Cheng, Yifan
AU  - Huang, Jin
AU  - Du, Liang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Objective Previous meta-analyses concluded that there was insufficient evidence to determine the effect of N95 respirators. We aimed to assess the effectiveness of N95 respirators versus surgical masks for prevention of influenza by collecting randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Methods We searched PubMed, EMbase and The Cochrane Library from the inception to January 27, 2020 to identify relevant systematic reviews. The RCTs included in systematic reviews were identified. Then we searched the latest published RCTs from the above three databases and searched ClinicalTrials.gov for unpublished RCTs. Two reviewers independently extracted the data and assessed risk of bias. Meta-analyses were conducted to calculate pooled estimates by using RevMan 5.3 software. Results A total of six RCTs involving 9 171 participants were included. There were no statistically significant differences in preventing laboratory-confirmed influenza (RR = 1.09, 95% CI 0.92-1.28, P > .05), laboratory-confirmed respiratory viral infections (RR = 0.89, 95% CI 0.70-1.11), laboratory-confirmed respiratory infection (RR = 0.74, 95% CI 0.42-1.29) and influenzalike illness (RR = 0.61, 95% CI 0.33-1.14) using N95 respirators and surgical masks. Meta-analysis indicated a protective effect of N95 respirators against laboratory-confirmed bacterial colonization (RR = 0.58, 95% CI 0.43-0.78). Conclusion The use of N95 respirators compared with surgical masks is not associated with a lower risk of laboratory-confirmed influenza. It suggests that N95 respirators should not be recommended for general public and nonhigh-risk medical staff those are not in close contact with influenza patients or suspected patients.
JO  - Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jebm.12381
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jebm.12381
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Fear, explanation and action – the psychosocial response to emerging infections
AU  - Loveday, Heather
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection Prevention
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 21
IS  - 2
PG  - 44-46
SP  - 44
EP  - 46
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/1757177420911511
UR  - http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1757177420911511
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Drug treatment options for the 2019-new coronavirus (2019-nCoV)
AU  - Lu, Hongzhou
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As of January 22, 2020, a total of 571 cases of the 2019-new coronavirus (2019-nCoV) have been reported in 25 provinces (districts and cities) in China. At present, there is no vaccine or antiviral treatment for human and animal coronavirus, so that identifying the drug treatment options as soon as possible is critical for the response to the 2019-nCoV outbreak. Three general methods, which include existing broad-spectrum antiviral drugs using standard assays, screening of a chemical library containing many existing compounds or databases, and the redevelopment of new specific drugs based on the genome and biophysical understanding of individual coronaviruses, are used to discover the potential antiviral treatment of human pathogen coronavirus. Lopinavir /Ritonavir, Nucleoside analogues, Neuraminidase inhibitors, Remdesivir, peptide (EK1), abidol, RNA synthesis inhibitors (such as TDF, 3TC), anti-inflammatory drugs (such as hormones and other molecules), Chinese traditional medicine, such ShuFengJieDu Capsules and Lianhuaqingwen Capsule, could be the drug treatment options for 2019-nCoV. However, the efficacy and safety of these drugs for 2019- nCoV still need to be further confirmed by clinical experiments.
JO  - BioScience Trends
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 14
IS  - 1
PG  - 69-71
SP  - 69
EP  - 71
AN  - 
DO  - 10.5582/bst.2020.01020
UR  - https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/bst/14/1/14_2020.01020/_article
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The potential chemical structure of anti-SARS-CoV-2 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase
AU  - Lung, Jrhau
AU  - Lin, Yu-Shih
AU  - Yang, Yao-Hsu
AU  - Chou, Yu-Lun
AU  - Shu, Li-Hsin
AU  - Cheng, Yu-Ching
AU  - Liu, Hung Te
AU  - Wu, Ching-Yuan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - An outbreak of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) occurred in Wuhan and it has rapidly spread to almost all parts of the world. For coronaviruses, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) is an important protease that catalyze the replication of RNA from RNA template and is an attractive therapeutic target. In this study, we screened these chemical structures from traditional Chinese medicinal compounds proven to show anti-viral activity in SARS-CoV and the similar chemical structures through a molecular docking study to target RdRp of SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. We found that theaflavin has a lower idock score in the catalytic pocket of RdRp in SARS-CoV-2 (-9.11 kcal/mol), SARS-CoV (-8.03 kcal/mol) and MERS-CoV (-8.26 kcal/mol) from idock. To confirm the result, we discovered that theaflavin has a lower binding energy of -8.8 kcal/mol when it docks in the catalytic pocket of SARS-CoV-2 RdRp by using the Blind Docking server. Regarding contact modes, hydrophobic interactions contribute significantly in binding and additional hydrogen bonds were found between theaflavin and RdRp. Moreover, one π-cation interaction was formed between theaflavin and Arg553 from the Blind Docking server. Our results suggest that theaflavin could be potential SARS-CoV-2 RdRp inhibitor for further study. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1002/jmv.25761-10.1002/jmv.25761
SP  - 10.1002/jmv.25761
EP  - 10.1002/jmv.25761
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25761
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32167173
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The hunt for covid-19 drugs
AU  - MacKenzie, Debora
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Many drugs and vaccines are now being developed and tested
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 245
IS  - 3273
PG  - 10-10
SP  - 10
EP  - 10
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30525-X
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S026240792030525X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: UK holds off closing schools and restricts testing to people in hospital
AU  - Mahase, Elisabeth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - People displaying covid-19 symptoms—a new, continuous cough or a high temperature—should self-isolate at home for at least seven days, no matter how mild their symptoms are, the UK prime minister has said. Addressing the country from Downing Street on 12 March, Boris Johnson said that this measure would help protect others and slow the spread of the disease. He also advised people over 70 to avoid cruises and said that schools should cancel international trips. He was joined by Chris Whitty, chief medical officer for England, who said that the UK would no longer be testing mild suspected cases to confirm the virus but would instead “pivot all testing capacity to identify people in hospitals who have got symptoms.” Additionally, suspected cases will now be based on symptoms, regardless of travel history. People with mild symptoms are expected to self-isolate at home unless they start to deteriorate. The BMJ understands that they will be managed by community services, either …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1060-m1060
SP  - m1060
EP  - m1060
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1060
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1060
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Enhanced isolation of SARS-CoV-2 by TMPRSS2-expressing cells
AU  - Matsuyama, Shutoku
AU  - Nao, Naganori
AU  - Shirato, Kazuya
AU  - Kawase, Miyuki
AU  - Saito, Shinji
AU  - Takayama, Ikuyo
AU  - Nagata, Noriyo
AU  - Sekizuka, Tsuyoshi
AU  - Katoh, Hiroshi
AU  - Kato, Fumihiro
AU  - Sakata, Masafumi
AU  - Tahara, Maino
AU  - Kutsuna, Satoshi
AU  - Ohmagari, Norio
AU  - Kuroda, Makoto
AU  - Suzuki, Tadaki
AU  - Kageyama, Tsutomu
AU  - Takeda, Makoto
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A novel betacoronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which caused a large respiratory outbreak in Wuhan, China in December 2019, is currently spreading across many countries globally. Here, we show that a TMPRSS2-expressing VeroE6 cell line is highly susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection, making it useful for isolating and propagating SARS-CoV-2. Our results reveal that, in common with SARS- and Middle East respiratory syndrome-CoV, SARS-CoV-2 infection is enhanced by TMPRSS2.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 202002589-202002589
SP  - 202002589
EP  - 202002589
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1073/pnas.2002589117
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32165541
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How much is coronavirus spreading under the radar?
AU  - Maxmen, Amy
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Three leading health officials talk about gauging the size of local outbreaks, and why containment strategies aren’t futile yet. Just how much has the coronavirus spread? More than 137,000 people in 117 countries and regions have been confirmed as having COVID-19. And earlier this week, the World Health Organization (WHO) described the outbreak as a pandemic. But testing isn’t available to everyone, so the numbers don’t accurately reflect the extent of transmission in communities around the world. Based on conversations with three leaders in public health — at the WHO, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and at one of one of the largest research charities in the world — Nature explains how officials and researchers are attempting to estimate the size of individual outbreaks based on incomplete data.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00760-8
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00760-8
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How to worry better
AU  - McCloy, Rachel
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As the coronavirus outbreak continues, the science of dealing with uncertainty can help us make better decisions, says Rachel McCloy
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 245
IS  - 3273
PG  - 23-23
SP  - 23
EP  - 23
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30546-7
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920305467
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Estimating Risk for Death from 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease, China, January-February 2020
AU  - Mizumoto, Kenji
AU  - Chowell, Gerardo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, when the first case of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was identified in the city of Wuhan in the Hubei Province of China, the epidemic has generated tens of thousands of cases throughout China. As of February 28, 2020, the cumulative number of reported deaths in China was 2,858. We estimated the time-delay adjusted risk for death from COVID-19 in Wuhan, as well as for China excluding Wuhan, to assess the severity of the epidemic in the country. Our estimates of the risk for death in Wuhan reached values as high as 12% in the epicenter of the epidemic and ≈1% in other, more mildly affected areas. The elevated death risk estimates are probably associated with a breakdown of the healthcare system, indicating that enhanced public health interventions, including social distancing and movement restrictions, should be implemented to bring the COVID-19 epidemic under control.
JO  - Emerging infectious diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 26
IS  - 6
PG  - 10.3201/eid2606.200233-10.3201/eid2606.200233
SP  - 10.3201/eid2606.200233
EP  - 10.3201/eid2606.200233
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3201/eid2606.200233
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32168464
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The death and life of Twitter
AU  - Newitz, Annalee
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The social media site was once a fun place, full of cat memes and a culture of sharing. Now, it could be on the brink of self-destruction, writes Annalee Newitz
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 245
IS  - 3273
PG  - 24-24
SP  - 24
EP  - 24
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30547-9
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920305479
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): Paving the Road for Rapid Detection and Point-of-Care Diagnostics
AU  - Nguyen, Trieu
AU  - Bang, Dang Duong
AU  - Wolff, Anders
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We believe a point-of-care (PoC) device for the rapid detection of the 2019 novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is crucial and urgently needed. With this perspective, we give suggestions regarding a potential candidate for the rapid detection of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), as well as factors for the preparedness and response to the outbreak of the COVID-19.
JO  - Micromachines 2020, Vol. 11, Page 306
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 11
IS  - 3
PG  - 306-306
SP  - 306
EP  - 306
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/MI11030306
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Combination of western medicine and Chinese traditional patent medicine in treating a family case of COVID-19 in Wuhan
AU  - Ni, Li
AU  - Zhou, Ling
AU  - Zhou, Min
AU  - Zhao, Jianping
AU  - Wang, Dao Wen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, an outbreak of novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) occurred in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. By February 14, 2020, it has led to 66 492 confirmed patients in China and high mortality up to ∼2.96% (1123/37 914) in Wuhan. Here we report the first family case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) confirmed in Wuhan and treated using the combination of western medicine and Chinese traditional patent medicine Shuanghuanglian oral liquid (SHL). This report describes the identification, diagnosis, clinical course, and management of three cases from a family, suggests the expected therapeutic effects of SHL on COVID-19, and warrants further clinical trials.
JO  - Frontiers of medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1007/s11684-020-0757-x
SP  - 10.1007/s11684
EP  - 020
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11684-020-0757-x
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32170559
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Estimation of the asymptomatic ratio of novel coronavirus infections (COVID-19)
AU  - Nishiura, Hiroshi
AU  - Kobayashi, Tetsuro
AU  - Suzuki, Ayako
AU  - Jung, Sung-Mok
AU  - Hayashi, Katsuma
AU  - Kinoshita, Ryo
AU  - Yang, Yichi
AU  - Yuan, Baoyin
AU  - Akhmetzhanov, Andrei R.
AU  - Linton, Natalie M.
AU  - Miyama, Takeshi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.03.020
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971220301399
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - ‘A ticking time bomb’: Scientists worry about coronavirus spread in Africa
AU  - Nordling, Linda
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - CAPE TOWN, SOUTH AFRICA—Late on Sunday evening, South African President Cyril Ramaphosa, in a televised address to the nation, declared that COVID-19, the respiratory disease spreading globally, had become a “national disaster.” The declaration allows his government to access special funding and instigate harsh regulations to combat the viral outbreak. “Never before in the history of our democracy have we been confronted by such a severe situation,” Ramaphosa said before announcing a raft of measures to curb the virus’ spread, including school closures, travel restrictions, and bans on large gatherings. So far, the official numbers seemed to suggest that sub-Saharan Africa, home to more than 1 billion people, had been lucky. The interactive map of reported COVID-19 cases run by Johns Hopkins University shows big red blobs almost everywhere—except sub-Saharan Africa.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 0.1126/science.abb7331
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/03/ticking-time-bomb-scientists-worry-about-coronavirus-spread-africa
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Hospital ward run by robots to spare staff from catching virus
AU  - O'Meara, Sarah
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 245
IS  - 3273
PG  - 11-11
SP  - 11
EP  - 11
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30526-1
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920305261
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - From Containment to Mitigation of COVID-19 in the US
AU  - Parodi, Stephen M.
AU  - Liu, Vincent X.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1001/jama.2020.3882-10.1001/jama.2020.3882
SP  - 10.1001/jama.2020.3882
EP  - 10.1001/jama.2020.3882
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.3882
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32167525
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Are we ready for the new coronavirus?
AU  - Peña-Otero, David
AU  - Díaz-Pérez, David
AU  - de la Rosa-Carrillo, David
AU  - Bello-Dronda, Salvador
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Archivos de Bronconeumología (English Edition)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arbr.2020.02.003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1579212920300409
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Findings of lung ultrasonography of novel corona virus pneumonia during the 2019-2020 epidemic
AU  - Peng, Qian-Yi
AU  - Wang, Xiao-Ting
AU  - Zhang, Li-Na
AU  - Group, Chinese Critical Care Ultrasound Study
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Intensive care medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1007/s00134-020-05996-6
SP  - 10.1007/s00134
EP  - 020
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00134-020-05996-6
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32166346
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Can Lung US Help Critical Care Clinicians in the Early Diagnosis of Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pneumonia?
AU  - Poggiali, Erika
AU  - Dacrema, Alessandro
AU  - Bastoni, Davide
AU  - Tinelli, Valentina
AU  - Demichele, Elena
AU  - Mateo Ramos, Pau
AU  - Marcianò, Teodoro
AU  - Silva, Matteo
AU  - Vercelli, Andrea
AU  - Magnacavallo, Andrea
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 200847-200847
SP  - 200847
EP  - 200847
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1148/radiol.2020200847
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32167853
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and Italy: what next?
AU  - Remuzzi, Andrea
AU  - Remuzzi, Giuseppe
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <h2>Summary</h2><p>The spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has already taken on pandemic proportions, affecting over 100 countries in a matter of weeks. A global response to prepare health systems worldwide is imperative. Although containment measures in China have reduced new cases by more than 90%, this reduction is not the case elsewhere, and Italy has been particularly affected. There is now grave concern regarding the Italian national health system's capacity to effectively respond to the needs of patients who are infected and require intensive care for SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. The percentage of patients in intensive care reported daily in Italy between March 1 and March 11, 2020, has consistently been between 9% and 11% of patients who are actively infected. The number of patients infected since Feb 21 in Italy closely follows an exponential trend. If this trend continues for 1 more week, there will be 30 000 infected patients. Intensive care units will then be at maximum capacity; up to 4000 hospital beds will be needed by mid-April, 2020. Our analysis might help political leaders and health authorities to allocate enough resources, including personnel, beds, and intensive care facilities, to manage the situation in the next few days and weeks. If the Italian outbreak follows a similar trend as in Hubei province, China, the number of newly infected patients could start to decrease within 3–4 days, departing from the exponential trend. However, this cannot currently be predicted because of differences between social distancing measures and the capacity to quickly build dedicated facilities in China.</p>
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 0
IS  - 0
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30627-9
UR  - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0140673620306279
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak: what the department of endoscopy should know
AU  - Repici, Alessandro
AU  - Maselli, Roberta
AU  - Colombo, Matteo
AU  - Gabbiadini, Roberto
AU  - Spadaccini, Marco
AU  - Anderloni, Andrea
AU  - Carrara, Silvia
AU  - Fugazza, Alessandro
AU  - Di Leo, Milena
AU  - Galtieri, Piera Alessia
AU  - Pellegatta, Gaia
AU  - Ferrara, Elisa Chiara
AU  - Azzolini, Elena
AU  - Lagioia, Michele
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Italy recorded its first case of confirmed acute respiratory case due to Coronavirus on February 18, 2020, soon after the initial reports in China. Since that time, Italy and nations throughout the world have adopted very stringent and severe measures to protect populations from spread of infection. Despite these measures, the number of infected people is growing exponentially with a significant number of patients developing acute respiratory insufficiency. Endoscopy departments face significant risk for diffusion of respiratory diseases that can be spread via an airborne route, including aspiration of oral and fecal material via endoscopes. The purpose of this article is to discuss the measures, with specific focus on personal protection equipment and dressing code modalities, which have been implemented in our hospital to prevent further dissemination of COVID-19 infection.
JO  - Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gie.2020.03.019
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016510720302455
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Trainees and covid-19: your questions answered
AU  - Rimmer, Abi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In a joint statement, UK training bodies and the General Medical Council have said that there will be increased requirements for trainees and trainers to support the management of acutely unwell patients.1 “This might result in disruption or cancellation of training activities and trainees being directed to alternative tasks and/or locations to support the covid-19 response,” it said. “This could mean trainees in non-acute areas being asked to support urgent and unplanned care, such as medical admissions and the subsequent management of those patients, but may also in exceptional circumstances include providing support to clinical teams in other disciplines.” The training bodies have recognised that this might happen. Their statement says that “the statutory education bodies together with the GMC and AoMRC [Academy of Medical Royal Colleges] are determined to ensure the longer term needs of doctors in training are not compromised.” So far, some royal colleges have taken the decision to cancel their exams. The Royal College of Physicians (RCP) announced on 12 March that six MRCP (UK) PACES exams had been cancelled due to growing concerns about the continuing outbreak of covid-19. These exams were due to take place in Dudley, UK, as well as overseas.2 The RCP …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1059-m1059
SP  - m1059
EP  - m1059
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1059
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1059
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: GPs call for same personal protective equipment as hospital doctors
AU  - Rimmer, Abi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - GPs have called for practices to be given the appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) to protect themselves and staff from covid-19. Speaking to The BMJ , Fay Wilson, medical director of the Badger out-of-hours cooperative, which covers Birmingham and Solihull, said that practices had received PPE but that it was not protective enough. She said that GPs should be receiving the same FFP3 respirator masks that were being issued to hospital staff. “I would like to see a campaign for real PPE in general practice,” said Wilson. “We’ve been given what I call ‘cosmetic PPE,’ which is the pinny, the gloves, and the little …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1055-m1055
SP  - m1055
EP  - m1055
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1055
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1055
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: Medical conferences around the world are cancelled after US cases are linked to Massachusetts meeting
AU  - Rimmer, Abi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Medical conferences around the world have been cancelled because of fears about covid-19 after a meeting in Massachusetts was linked to 70 suspected cases. The Massachusetts Department of Public Health announced earlier this month that 15 suspected cases of covid-19 in the state had a direct connection to a meeting of staff from the biotech company Biogen, held in Boston in late February.1 Two days later the Massachusetts state governor, Charlie Baker, declared a state of emergency.2 Massachusetts currently has six confirmed cases of covid-19 and 89 suspected cases.3 Fears about covid-19 have also led to numerous medical …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1054-m1054
SP  - m1054
EP  - m1054
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1054
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1054
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Limiting spread of COVID-19 from cruise ships - lessons to be learnt from Japan
AU  - Sawano, Toyoaki
AU  - Ozaki, Akihiko
AU  - Rodriguez-Morales, Alfonso J.
AU  - Tanimoto, Tetsuya
AU  - Sah, Ranjit
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - hcaa092-hcaa092
SP  - hcaa092
EP  - hcaa092
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/qjmed/hcaa092
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32170953
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Protecting Health Care Workers during the COVID-19 Coronavirus Outbreak -Lessons from Taiwan's SARS response
AU  - Schwartz, Jonathan
AU  - King, Chwan-Chuen
AU  - Yen, Muh-Yong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - During major epidemic outbreaks, demand for health care workers grows even as the extreme pressures they face cause declining availability. We draw on Taiwan's SARS experience to argue that a modified form of Traffic Control Bundling protects health care worker safety and by extension strengthens overall COVID-19 epidemic control.
JO  - Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - ciaa255-ciaa255
SP  - ciaa255
EP  - ciaa255
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa255
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32166318
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 2019 novel coronavirus, angiotensin converting enzyme 2 and cardiovascular drugs
AU  - Shi, H. Z.
AU  - Ma, P.
AU  - Gao, F. Y.
AU  - Chen, G. L.
AU  - Yu, Y. H.
AU  - Wang, X. D.
AU  - Xian, E. D.
AU  - Dong, Erdan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zhonghua xin xue guan bing za zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 48
IS  - 0
PG  - E010-E010
SP  - E010
EP  - E010
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20200308-00171
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32166940
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Review of Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19)
AU  - Singhal, Tanu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - There is a new public health crises threatening the world with the emergence and spread of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) or the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The virus originated in bats and was transmitted to humans through yet unknown intermediary animals in Wuhan, Hubei province, China in December 2019. There have been around 96,000 reported cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-2019) and 3300 reported deaths to date (05/03/2020). The disease is transmitted by inhalation or contact with infected droplets and the incubation period ranges from 2 to 14 d. The symptoms are usually fever, cough, sore throat, breathlessness, fatigue, malaise among others. The disease is mild in most people; in some (usually the elderly and those with comorbidities), it may progress to pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and multi organ dysfunction. Many people are asymptomatic. The case fatality rate is estimated to range from 2 to 3%. Diagnosis is by demonstration of the virus in respiratory secretions by special molecular tests. Common laboratory findings include normal/ low white cell counts with elevated C-reactive protein (CRP). The computerized tomographic chest scan is usually abnormal even in those with no symptoms or mild disease. Treatment is essentially supportive; role of antiviral agents is yet to be established. Prevention entails home isolation of suspected cases and those with mild illnesses and strict infection control measures at hospitals that include contact and droplet precautions. The virus spreads faster than its two ancestors the SARS-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), but has lower fatality. The global impact of this new epidemic is yet uncertain.
JO  - Indian journal of pediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1007/s12098-020-03263-6
SP  - 10.1007/s12098
EP  - 020
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12098-020-03263-6
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32166607
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and Rationally Layered Social Distancing
AU  - Stein, Richard
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - I would like to thank Dr. Thomson for the very pertinent and relevant points that he raised in his thoughtful letter Where are we now with COVID-19? [1]. As my response will illustrate, and in what probably will become a defining feature of conversations surrounding COVID-19 for quite some time, attempts to answer will only make room for more questions. As COVID-19 is unfolding, every day is marked by novel developments. Since the editorial went to press [2], the outbreak has expanded considerably. Over 128,000 individuals were infected worldwide as of March 13, 2020, leading to 4720 deaths [3]. In early March, while the outbreak in China appeared to start to subside [4], it started to amplify in Europe and the United States. The first fatality in the United States occurred on February 29, 2020 in a suburb of Seattle. On March 4m the first death was reported outside WA state, in CA, and was the 11(th) death in the United States. On March 6, the first two fatalities were reported in Florida. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared the outbreak a pandemic [5].
JO  - International journal of clinical practice
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - e13501-e13501
SP  - e13501
EP  - e13501
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/ijcp.13501
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32170898
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: Not a Simple Public Health Emergency
AU  - Stratton, Samuel J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Prehospital and Disaster Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 35
IS  - 2
PG  - 119-119
SP  - 119
EP  - 119
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/S1049023X2000031X
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/covid19-not-a-simple-public-health-emergency/2425C669F59CF3B5F07DA33F78DC20E8
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Comparison of clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) as experienced in Taiwan
AU  - Su, Yu-Jang
AU  - Lai, Yen-Chun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101625-101625
SP  - 101625
EP  - 101625
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101625
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893920300934
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemiological characteristics of 2019 novel coronavirus family clustering in Zhejiang Province
AU  - Sun, W. W.
AU  - Ling, F.
AU  - Pan, J. R.
AU  - Cai, J.
AU  - Miao, Z. P.
AU  - Liu, S. L.
AU  - Cheng, W.
AU  - Chen, E. F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: Family clusters of Novel coronavirus pneumonia in Zhejiang province were analyzed to provide epidemiological basis for disease control. Methods: The data of family clusters occurred from January 20 to February 10 in Zhejiang Province were collected. Descriptive analysis was used to analyze the clinical symptoms and the serial interval between the subsequent cases and the index cases. Chi-square test was used to analyze the age distribution, gender distribution and the relationship between the subsequent cases and the index cases. Results: 391 cases including 148 family index cases, 189 subsequent cases and 54 asymptomatic infected cases. The clinical symptoms between family index cases and subsequent cases are similar, fever is the most common symptoms in the two groups 114 (77.03%) and 92 (48.68%) respectively, the cases with diarrhea symptoms accounted for the least proportion, which were 7 (4.73%) and 5 (2.65%). The serial interval between the family index cases and the subsequent cases [M (P(25), P(75))] was 3.00 (1.00, 6.00) days. Family secondary attack rate for subsequent cases and asymptomatic infected cases are 31.61% and 43.20% respectively, the family secondary attack rate of the spouses of the family index cases is 63.87%, and are higher than that of their children (30.53%), parents (28.37%) and other family members (20.93%), the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion: 2019 novel coronavirus has shorter serial interval and higher family secondary attack rate, the secondary attack rate of spouses is higher than other family members.
JO  - Zhonghua yu fang yi xue za zhi [Chinese journal of preventive medicine]
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 0
PG  - E027-E027
SP  - E027
EP  - E027
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20200227-00199
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32171192
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The novel coronavirus Covid-19: What are the ophthalmic risks? TT - Le nouveau Coronavirus Covid-19 : quels risques ophtalmiques ?
AU  - Tahiri Joutei Hassani, R.
AU  - Sandali, O.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal francais d'ophtalmologie
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - S0181-5512(20)30104-2
SP  - S0181
EP  - 5512(20)30104
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jfo.2020.02.001
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32165057
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19, a pandemic or not?
AU  - The Lancet Infectious, Diseases
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 0
IS  - 0
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30180-8
UR  - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1473309920301808
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - What Does the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Mean for Families?
AU  - Thompson, Lindsay A.
AU  - Rasmussen, Sonja A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA pediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.0828-10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.0828
SP  - 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.0828
EP  - 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.0828
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.0828
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32167533
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Limiting spread of COVID-19 from cruise ships - lessons to be learnt from Japan | QJM: An International Journal of Medicine | Oxford Academic
AU  - Toyoaki Sawano, M. D. Akihiko Ozaki M. D. Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales M. D. HonDSc Tetsuya Tanimoto M. D. Ranjit Sah M. D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Spread of COVID-19 infection on a Cruise Ship in Yokohama, Japan Japan's response to the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infection has been problematic since the outbreak was first reported in China. A typical example was the case of a cruise ship “Diamond Princess,” anchored in Yokohama, Japan. As of March, 6, the WHO officially reported that there were 17,481 laboratory-confirmed cases of Covid-19 infection globally outside China. In Japan, there were 1,045 such cases, but there were 696 laboratory-confirmed cases on the Diamond Princess.1 The Japanese government have quarantined the ship’s 3,711 passengers and crew members since February 5, 2020 until February 19, under the Japan’s Quarantine Act enacted in 1951, effectively prohibiting the disembarkation of anyone onto Japanese soil. We have three primary concerns about this quarantine action. First, the quarantine in the cruise ship may not be effective enough to prevent the contagion of the virus in Japan. Although the disease has a relatively low case fatality rate (currently 0.3% in China), each COVID-19 infected individual is reported to infect 2.2 people, similarly to the influenza virus, a basic reproductive number of which is 1.4-4.0.2 Given the fact that Japan has received hundreds of thousands of Chinese tourists since the start of the outbreak in earlyDecember, several of whom may have been from the Wuhan region, it is obvious that COVID-19 is already in Japan, as evidenced by the 13 locally-transmitted individuals, including a taxi driver and bus driver who had transported Chinese tourists at the time when the quarantine was initiated. Second, quarantine in the cruise ship could accelerate a contagion of the virus in the ship since it has been reported that cruise ships can become incubators of the viruses because a large number of people are packed in the semi-enclosed space, with limited sanitation as we as restricted water and food supply.3 Indeed, the infection on the cruise ship appears not to have been well-controlled, and the number of infected people has been steadily rising, with 137 new confirmed cases on February 16, according to WHO’s daily update. Third, care for the passengers and crew members has been poor. The majority of the passenger of the ship are the elderly, with more than 200 people over the age of 80. As Japan has learned from past emergencies, the elderly, especially those with existing with comorbidities, are at grave risk not just from the emerging Covid-19 infection, but from the physical and psychological stress that may make their existing ailments worse, actually jeopardizing their health and well being. With increased international criticism of the poor management of the those on board, the Japanese government allowed some elderly passengers to leave the ship on February 14, rather than wait until the quarantine ends on February 19. As of February 23, 36 severe cases of the COVID-19 have been reported among the passengers, requiring treatment in land-based intensive care units. After this quarantine on the cruise ship, hundreds of others on board had been repatriated to their home countries, where they will start another 14 days of quarantine. There is growing global concern about how illegal immigrants and individuals such as the potentially infected on the “Diamond Princess,” are being treated. We believe that the response of the authorities to the cruise ship dilemma has not been patient-oriented with respect to those on board. While it is important to respect the concept of quarantining people who could pose a significant danger to the nation’s entire population, which is the government’s overriding responsibility, alternative solutions may be possible. The reported development of a 15-minute https://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/qjm Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/qjmed/advance-article-abstract/doi/10.1093/qjmed/hcaa092/5805396 by Kobbe University Library user on 16 March 2020 blood-based Covid-1- test kit by Chinese scientists may help in future, if it is accurate and does not produce repeated false-negatives as the existing test does. Similarly, creation of a purposebuilt mass quarantine facility somewhere in Japan would be useful. We hope learned from this experience in Japan would be help improve the situation on a cruise ship “Grand Princess” off the coast of California, where 21 Covid-19 cases were confirmed on March 5.
JO  - QJM: An International Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/qjmed/advance-article/doi/10.1093/qjmed/hcaa092/5805396?searchresult=1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Number of cases across Africa remains low
AU  - Vaughan, Adam
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 245
IS  - 3273
PG  - 9-9
SP  - 9
EP  - 9
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30524-8
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920305248
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Italy in lockdown
AU  - Vaughan, Adam
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - With the second-highest number of coronavirus cases globally, Italy is taking dramatic steps to slow the spread, reports Adam Vaughan
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 245
IS  - 3273
PG  - 7-7
SP  - 7
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30520-0
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920305200
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Interrupting transmission of COVID-19: lessons from containment efforts in Singapore | Journal of Travel Medicine | Oxford Academic
AU  - Vernon J Lee, Calvin J. Chiew Wei Xin Khong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Despite multiple importations resulting in local chains of transmission, Singapore has been able to control the COVID-19 outbreak without major disruption to daily living. In this article, we describe the combination of measures taken by Singapore to contain COVID-19 and share some early lessons learnt from the experience.
JO  - Journal of Travel Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/jtm/advance-article/doi/10.1093/jtm/taaa039/5804843?searchresult=1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The establishment of reference sequence for SARS-CoV-2 and variation analysis
AU  - Wang, Changtai
AU  - Liu, Zhongping
AU  - Chen, Zixiang
AU  - Huang, Xin
AU  - Xu, Mengyuan
AU  - He, Tengfei
AU  - Zhang, Zhenhua
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Starting around December 2019, an epidemic of pneumonia, which was named COVID-19 by World Health Organization (WHO), broke out in Wuhan, China, and is spreading throughout the world. A new coronavirus, named SARS-CoV-2 by the Coronavirus Study Group of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) was soon found to be the cause. At present, the sensitivity of clinical nucleic acid detection is limited, and it is still unclear whether it is related to genetic variation. In this study, we retrieved 95 full-length genomic sequences of SARAS-CoV-2 strains from the NCBI and GISAID databases, established the reference sequence by conducting multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic analyses, and analyzed sequence variations along the SARS-CoV-2 genome. The homology among all viral strains was generally high, among them 99.99% (99.91%-100%) at the nucleotide level, 99.99% (99.79%-100%) at the amino acid level. Although overall variation in ORF regions is low, 13 variation sites in 1a, 1b, S, 3a, M, 8, and N regions were identified, among which positions nt28144 in ORF 8 and nt8782 in ORF 1a showed mutation rate of 30.53% (29/95) and 29.47% (28/95) respectively. These findings suggested that there may be selective mutations in SARS-COV-2, and it is necessary to avoid certain regions when designing primers and probes. Establishment of the reference sequence for SARS-CoV-2 could benefit not only biological study of this virus but also diagnosis, clinical monitoring and intervention of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the future. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1002/jmv.25762-10.1002/jmv.25762
SP  - 10.1002/jmv.25762
EP  - 10.1002/jmv.25762
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25762
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32167180
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pharmaceutical care recommendations for antiviral treatments in children with coronavirus disease 2019
AU  - Wang, Yan
AU  - Zhu, Li-Qin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - World journal of pediatrics : WJP
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1007/s12519-020-00353-5
SP  - 10.1007/s12519
EP  - 020
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12519-020-00353-5
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32166483
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical characteristics and therapeutic procedure for four cases with 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia receiving combined Chinese and Western medicine treatment
AU  - Wang, Zhenwei
AU  - Chen, Xiaorong
AU  - Lu, Yunfei
AU  - Chen, Feifei
AU  - Zhang, Wei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) is continuously and rapidly circulating at present. No effective antiviral treatment has been verified thus far. We report here the clinical characteristics and therapeutic procedure for four patients with mild or severe 2019-nCoV pneumonia admitted to Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center. All the patients were given antiviral treatment including lopinavir/ritonavir (Kaletra®), arbidol, and Shufeng Jiedu Capsule (SFJDC, a traditional Chinese medicine) and other necessary support care. After treatment, three patients gained significant improvement in pneumonia associated symptoms, two of whom were confirmed 2019-nCoV negative and discharged, and one of whom was virus negative at the first test. The remaining patient with severe pneumonia had shown signs of improvement by the cutoff date for data collection. Results obtained in the current study may provide clues for treatment of 2019-nCoV pneumonia. The efficacy of antiviral treatment including lopinavir/ritonavir, arbidol, and SFJDC warrants further verification in future study.
JO  - BioScience Trends
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 14
IS  - 1
PG  - 64-68
SP  - 64
EP  - 68
AN  - 
DO  - 10.5582/bst.2020.01030
UR  - https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/bst/14/1/14_2020.01030/_article
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Impact of international travel and border control measures on the global spread of the novel 2019 coronavirus outbreak
AU  - Wells, Chad R.
AU  - Sah, Pratha
AU  - Moghadas, Seyed M.
AU  - Pandey, Abhishek
AU  - Shoukat, Affan
AU  - Wang, Yaning
AU  - Wang, Zheng
AU  - Meyers, Lauren A.
AU  - Singer, Burton H.
AU  - Galvani, Alison P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus outbreak (COVID-19) in mainland China has rapidly spread across the globe. Within 2 mo since the outbreak was first reported on December 31, 2019, a total of 566 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS CoV-2) cases have been confirmed in 26 other countries. Travel restrictions and border control measures have been enforced in China and other countries to limit the spread of the outbreak. We estimate the impact of these control measures and investigate the role of the airport travel network on the global spread of the COVID-19 outbreak. Our results show that the daily risk of exporting at least a single SARS CoV-2 case from mainland China via international travel exceeded 95% on January 13, 2020. We found that 779 cases (95% CI: 632 to 967) would have been exported by February 15, 2020 without any border or travel restrictions and that the travel lockdowns enforced by the Chinese government averted 70.5% (95% CI: 68.8 to 72.0%) of these cases. In addition, during the first three and a half weeks of implementation, the travel restrictions decreased the daily rate of exportation by 81.3% (95% CI: 80.5 to 82.1%), on average. At this early stage of the epidemic, reduction in the rate of exportation could delay the importation of cases into cities unaffected by the COVID-19 outbreak, buying time to coordinate an appropriate public health response.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 202002616-202002616
SP  - 202002616
EP  - 202002616
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1073/pnas.2002616117
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32170017
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Care of haematology patients in a COVID-19 epidemic
AU  - Willan, John
AU  - King, Andrew J.
AU  - Hayes, Sandy
AU  - Collins, Graham P.
AU  - Peniket, Andrew
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - British Journal of Haematology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/bjh.16620
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/bjh.16620
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Case-Fatality Risk Estimates for COVID-19 Calculated by Using a Lag Time for Fatality
AU  - Wilson, Nick
AU  - Kvalsvig, Amanda
AU  - Barnard, Lucy Telfar
AU  - Baker, Michael G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We estimated the case-fatality risk for 2019 novel coronavirus disease cases in China (3.5%); China, excluding Hubei Province (0.8%); 82 countries, territories, and areas (4.2%); and on a cruise ship (0.6%). Lower estimates might be closest to the true value, but a broad range of 0.25%-3.0% probably should be considered.
JO  - Emerging infectious diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 26
IS  - 6
PG  - 10.3201/eid2606.200320-10.3201/eid2606.200320
SP  - 10.3201/eid2606.200320
EP  - 10.3201/eid2606.200320
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3201/eid2606.200320
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32168463
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preparing for a COVID-19 pandemic: a review of operating room outbreak response measures in a large tertiary hospital in Singapore
AU  - Wong, Jolin
AU  - Goh, Qing Yuan
AU  - Tan, Zihui
AU  - Lie, Sui An
AU  - Tay, Yoong Chuan
AU  - Ng, Shin Yi
AU  - Soh, Chai Rick
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has been designated a public health emergency of international concern. To prepare for a pandemic, hospitals need a strategy to manage their space, staff, and supplies so that optimum care is provided to patients. In addition, infection prevention measures need to be implemented to reduce in-hospital transmission. In the operating room, these preparations involve multiple stakeholders and can present a significant challenge. Here, we describe the outbreak response measures of the anesthetic department staffing the largest (1,700-bed) academic tertiary level acute care hospital in Singapore (Singapore General Hospital) and a smaller regional hospital (Sengkang General Hospital). These include engineering controls such as identification and preparation of an isolation operating room, administrative measures such as modification of workflow and processes, introduction of personal protective equipment for staff, and formulation of clinical guidelines for anesthetic management. Simulation was valuable in evaluating the feasibility of new operating room set-ups or workflow. We also discuss how the hierarchy of controls can be used as a framework to plan the necessary measures during each phase of a pandemic, and review the evidence for the measures taken. These containment measures are necessary to optimize the quality of care provided to COVID-19 patients and to reduce the risk of viral transmission to other patients or healthcare workers.
JO  - Canadian Journal of Anesthesia/Journal canadien d'anesthésie
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-14
SP  - 1
EP  - 14
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12630-020-01620-9
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12630-020-01620-9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Risk Factors Associated With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Death in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pneumonia in Wuhan, China
AU  - Wu, Chaomin
AU  - Chen, Xiaoyan
AU  - Cai, Yanping
AU  - Xia, Jia'an
AU  - Zhou, Xing
AU  - Xu, Sha
AU  - Huang, Hanping
AU  - Zhang, Li
AU  - Zhou, Xia
AU  - Du, Chunling
AU  - Zhang, Yuye
AU  - Song, Juan
AU  - Wang, Sijiao
AU  - Chao, Yencheng
AU  - Yang, Zeyong
AU  - Xu, Jie
AU  - Zhou, Xin
AU  - Chen, Dechang
AU  - Xiong, Weining
AU  - Xu, Lei
AU  - Zhou, Feng
AU  - Jiang, Jinjun
AU  - Bai, Chunxue
AU  - Zheng, Junhua
AU  - Song, Yuanlin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Importance Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging infectious disease that was first reported in Wuhan, China, and has subsequently spread worldwide. Risk factors for the clinical outcomes of COVID-19 pneumonia have not yet been well delineated. Objective To describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia who developed acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) or died. Design, Setting, and Participants Retrospective cohort study of 201 patients with confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia admitted to Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital in China between December 25, 2019, and January 26, 2020. The final date of follow-up was February 13, 2020. Exposures Confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia. Main Outcomes and Measures The development of ARDS and death. Epidemiological, demographic, clinical, laboratory, management, treatment, and outcome data were also collected and analyzed. Results Of 201 patients, the median age was 51 years (interquartile range, 43-60 years), and 128 (63.7%) patients were men. Eighty-four patients (41.8%) developed ARDS, and of those 84 patients, 44 (52.4%) died. In those who developed ARDS, compared with those who did not, more patients presented with dyspnea (50 of 84 [59.5%] patients and 30 of 117 [25.6%] patients, respectively [difference, 33.9%; 95% CI, 19.7%-48.1%]) and had comorbidities such as hypertension (23 of 84 [27.4%] patients and 16 of 117 [13.7%] patients, respectively [difference, 13.7%; 95% CI, 1.3%-26.1%]) and diabetes (16 of 84 [19.0%] patients and 6 of 117 [5.1%] patients, respectively [difference, 13.9%; 95% CI, 3.6%-24.2%]). In bivariate Cox regression analysis, risk factors associated with the development of ARDS and progression from ARDS to death included older age (hazard ratio [HR], 3.26; 95% CI 2.08-5.11; and HR, 6.17; 95% CI, 3.26-11.67, respectively), neutrophilia (HR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.09-1.19; and HR, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.01-1.17, respectively), and organ and coagulation dysfunction (eg, higher lactate dehydrogenase [HR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.44-1.79; and HR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.11-1.52, respectively] and D-dimer [HR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01-1.04; and HR, 1.02; 95% CI, 1.01-1.04, respectively]). High fever (≥39 °C) was associated with higher likelihood of ARDS development (HR, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.11-2.84) and lower likelihood of death (HR, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.21-0.82). Among patients with ARDS, treatment with methylprednisolone decreased the risk of death (HR, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.20-0.72). Conclusions and Relevance Older age was associated with greater risk of development of ARDS and death likely owing to less rigorous immune response. Although high fever was associated with the development of ARDS, it was also associated with better outcomes among patients with ARDS. Moreover, treatment with methylprednisolone may be beneficial for patients who develop ARDS.
JO  - JAMA internal medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.0994
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32167524
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Global health crises are also information crises: A call to action
AU  - Xie, Bo
AU  - He, Daqing
AU  - Mercer, Tim
AU  - Wang, Youfa
AU  - Wu, Dan
AU  - Fleischmann, Kenneth R.
AU  - Zhang, Yan
AU  - Yoder, Linda H.
AU  - Stephens, Keri K.
AU  - Mackert, Michael
AU  - Lee, Min K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract In this opinion paper, we argue that global health crises are also information crises. Using as an example the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic, we (a) examine challenges associated with what we term ?global information crises?; (b) recommend changes needed for the field of information science to play a leading role in such crises; and (c) propose actionable items for short- and long-term research, education, and practice in information science.
JO  - Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/asi.24357
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.24357
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Liver injury during highly pathogenic human coronavirus infections
AU  - Xu, Ling
AU  - Liu, Jia
AU  - Lu, Mengji
AU  - Yang, Dongliang
AU  - Zheng, Xin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2), the pathogen of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), has posed a serious threat to global public health. The WHO has declared the outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 infection an international public health emergency. Lung lesions have been considered as the major damage caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, liver injury has also been reported to occur during the course of the disease in severe cases. Similarly, previous studies have shown that liver damage was common in the patients infected by the other two highly pathogenic coronavirus - severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and associated with the severity of diseases. In this review, the characteristics and mechanism of liver injury caused by SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, as well as SARS-CoV-2 infection were summarized, which may provide help for further studies on the liver injury of COVID-19.
JO  - Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1111/liv.14435-10.1111/liv.14435
SP  - 10.1111/liv.14435
EP  - 10.1111/liv.14435
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/liv.14435
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32170806
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical features and dynamics of viral load in imported and non-imported patients with COVID-19
AU  - Xu, Tianmin
AU  - Chen, Cong
AU  - Zhu, Zhen
AU  - Cui, Manman
AU  - Chen, Chunhua
AU  - Dai, Hong
AU  - Xue, Yuan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objectives To compare the clinical characteristics and the dynamics of viral load between the imported and non-imported patients with COVID-19. Design and methods Data from 51 laboratory-confirmed patients were retrospectively analyzed. Results The incubation period in the tertiary group was longer than that in the imported and secondary groups (both P < 0.05). Fever was the most common symptom at the onset of illness (73.33%, 58.82%, and 68.42%, respectively), and half of the patients had a low-grade temperature (<38.0℃) with a short duration of fever (<7 days). The CT scan showed that most patients had bilateral pneumonia in the three groups (80.00%, 76.47%, and 73.68%, respectively). Ct values detected from the tertiary patients were similar to those from the imported and secondary groups at the time of admission (both P > 0.05). For the tertiary group, the viral load was undetectable for half of the patients (52.63%) on day 7, and all patients on day 14. For 1/3rd of the patients in the imported and secondary groups, the viral load remained positive on day 14 after the admission. Conclusions COVID-19 can present as pneumonia with less onset of symptoms, and the infectivity of SARS-CoV2 may gradually decrease in the tertiary patients.
JO  - International Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.03.022
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971220301417
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Consensus of Chinese experts on protection of skin and mucous membrane barrier for healthcare workers fighting against coronavirus disease 2019
AU  - Yan, Yicen
AU  - Chen, Hui
AU  - Chen, Liuqing
AU  - Cheng, Bo
AU  - Diao, Ping
AU  - Dong, Liyun
AU  - Gao, Xinghua
AU  - Gu, Heng
AU  - He, Li
AU  - Ji, Chao
AU  - Jin, Hongzhong
AU  - Lai, Wei
AU  - Lei, Tiechi
AU  - Li, Li
AU  - Li, Liuyi
AU  - Li, Ruoyu
AU  - Liu, Dongxian
AU  - Liu, Wei
AU  - Lu, Qianjin
AU  - Shi, Ying
AU  - Song, Jiquan
AU  - Tao, Juan
AU  - Wang, Baoxi
AU  - Wang, Gang
AU  - Wu, Yan
AU  - Xiang, Leihong
AU  - Xie, Jun
AU  - Xu, Jinhua
AU  - Yao, Zhirong
AU  - Zhang, Furen
AU  - Zhang, Jianzhong
AU  - Zhong, Shaomin
AU  - Li, Hengjin
AU  - Li, Hang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Health professions preventing and controlling Coronavirus Disease 2019 are prone to skin and mucous membrane injury, which may cause acute and chronic dermatitis, secondary infection and aggravation of underlying skin diseases. This is a consensus of Chinese experts on protective measures and advice on hand-cleaning- and medical-glove-related hand protection, mask- and goggles-related face protection, UV-related protection, eye protection, nasal and oral mucosa protection, outer ear and hair protection. It is necessary to strictly follow standards of wearing protective equipment and specification of sterilizing and cleaning. Insufficient and excessive protection will have adverse effects on the skin and mucous membrane barrier. At the same time, using moisturizing products is highly recommended to achieve better protection. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Dermatologic therapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - e13310-e13310
SP  - e13310
EP  - e13310
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/dth.13310
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32170800
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Patients with respiratory symptoms are at greater risk of COVID-19 transmission
AU  - Yang, Rongrong
AU  - Gui, Xien
AU  - Xiong, Yong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Respiratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 105935-105935
SP  - 105935
EP  - 105935
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rmed.2020.105935
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0954611120300755
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Which sampling method for the upper respiratory tract specimen should be taken to diagnose patient with COVID-19?
AU  - Ye, B.
AU  - Fan, C.
AU  - Pan, Y.
AU  - Ding, R.
AU  - Hu, H. X.
AU  - Xiang, M. L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is raging in China, especially in Hubei Province, which has resulted great dangers in people's life and national economy. According to the guidelines drafted by China's Center for Disease prevention and Control (CDC), the positive nucleic acid test is need to the diagnosis of patient with COVID-19. Upper respiratory tract specimens are the main sources for nucleic acid detection. However, based on international guidelines of COVID-19 , no recommended level of upper respiratory tract sampling method is proposed. Therefore, which kind of sampling methods should be chosen to help the COVID-19 diagnosis and which way is the most secure for doctors and nurses is our concern. In this review, we analyzed a total of 10 literatures on the sampling methods of upper respiratory tract related to infectious diseases such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS), middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS), and influenza A (H1N1), which were spread worldwide in past years. Literatures were collected from the three dimensions of sampling method, sampling time, and sampling safety. It was found that among all the upper respiratory sampling methods, nasopharyngeal aspirate (NPA) had a higher positive rate within 2 weeks of symptom onset, while combined nasal and oropharyngeal swabs (NS + OPS) was the least harmful to medical staff during sampling. We wish this review is helpful for the prevention of COVID-19.
JO  - Zhonghua er bi yan hou tou jing wai ke za zhi = Chinese journal of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 55
IS  - 0
PG  - E003-E003
SP  - E003
EP  - E003
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20200223-00116
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32166939
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Interrupting COVID-19 transmission by implementing enhanced traffic control bundling: implications for global prevention and control efforts
AU  - Yen, Muh-Yong
AU  - Schwartz, Jonathan
AU  - Chen, Shey-Ying
AU  - King, Chwan-Chuen
AU  - Yang, Guang-Yang
AU  - Hsueh, Po-Ren
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2020.03.011
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1684118220300712
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - PCOMM
TI  - Pathogenic T cells and inflammatory monocytes incite inflammatory storm in severe COVID-19 patients
AU  - Yonggang Zhou, Binqing Fu Xiaohu Zheng Dongsheng Wang Changcheng Zhao Yingjie qi Rui Sun Zhigang Tian Xiaoling Xu Haiming Wei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Pathogenic human coronavirus infections, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome CoV (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome CoV (MERS-CoV), cause high morbidity and mortality1, 2 . Recently, a severe pneumonia-associated respiratory syndrome caused by a new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) was reported at December 2019 in the city Wuhan, Hubei province, China3, 4, 5, which was also named as pneumonia-associated respiratory syndrome (PARS)6 and can cause coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) to seriously endanger human health. Up to 24th of February 2020, at least 77779 cases have been reported with 2666 fatal cases according to the report from China CDC. However, the immune mechanism that potential orchestrated acute mortality from COVID-19 patients is still unknown. Here we show that after the SARS-CoV-2 infection, CD4+ T lymphocytes are rapidly activated to become pathogenic T helper (Th) 1 cells and generate GM-CSF etc. The cytokines environment induces inflammatory CD14+CD16+ monocytes with high expression of IL-6 and accelerate the inflammation. Given that large amount of inflammatory cells infiltrations have been observed in lungs from severe COVID-19 patients7, 8, these aberrant pathogenic Th1 cells and inflammatory monocytes may enter the pulmonary circulation in huge numbers and play an immune damaging role to causing lung functional disability and quick mortality. Our results demonstrate that excessive non-effective host immune responses by pathogenic T cells and inflammatory monocytes may associate with severe lung pathology. Thus, we suggest that monoclonal antibodies targeting GM-CSF or interleukin 6 may be effective in blocking inflammatory storms and, therefore, be a promising treatment of severe COVID-19 patients
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/nsr/advance-article/doi/10.1093/nsr/nwaa041/5804736?searchresult=1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Genomic analysis of a 2019-nCoV strain in the first COVID-19 patient found in Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
AU  - Yu, H.
AU  - Wang, X. C.
AU  - Li, J.
AU  - Qian, X.
AU  - Yu, X. F.
AU  - Sun, Z.
AU  - Chen, J. F.
AU  - Kao, Q. J.
AU  - Wang, H. Q.
AU  - Pan, J. C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To understand the viral genomic characteristics of a 2019-nCoV strain in the first COVID-19 patient found in Hangzhou, China. Methods: Viral RNA was extracted in throat swab and sputum sample of the patient and was performed real-time reverse transcription PCR detection and obtained viral genome by high-throughput sequencing method. Phylogenetic analysis was conducted using 29 2019-nCoV genomes and 30 β-coronavirus genomes deposited in NCBI GenBank. Fifteen genomes from Wuhan were grouped by mutation sites and others were identified by Wuhan's or specific mutation sites. Results: A 29 833 bp length genome of the first 2019-nCoV strain in Hangzhou was obtained, covering full length of the coding regions of coronavirus. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the genome was closest to the genome of a bat SARS-like coronavirus strain RaTG13 with an identity of 96.11% (28 666/29 826). Among the genes between two genomes, E genes were highly conserved (99.56%), while S genes had lowest identity (92.87%), suggesting that S gene was of a faster evolutionary rate. The genome sequence similarities among 29 strains from China (Hangzhou, Wuhan, and Shenzhen), Japan, USA, and Finland, were all more than 99.9%; however, some single nucleotide polymorphisms were identified in some strains. Conclusion: The genome of Hangzhou 2019-nCoV strain was very close to the genomes of strains from other cities in China and overseas collected at early epidemic phase. The 2019-nCoV genome sequencing method used in this paper provides an useful tool for monitoring variation of viral genes.
JO  - Zhonghua yu fang yi xue za zhi [Chinese journal of preventive medicine]
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 0
PG  - E026-E026
SP  - E026
EP  - E026
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20200217-00128
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32171191
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Consideration and prevention for the aerosol transmission of 2019 novel coronavirus
AU  - Yu, Y. X.
AU  - Sun, L.
AU  - Yao, K.
AU  - Lou, X. T.
AU  - Liang, X.
AU  - Zhao, B. W.
AU  - Mu, Q. X.
AU  - Du, H.
AU  - Zhao, Y.
AU  - Zhang, H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Novel coronavirus pneumonia broke out from Wuhan, and spreading to the whole nation and world since Dec, 2019. It is now the critical stage to fight against the virus. Previous epidemiological investigations and animal experiments suggest aerosol could perform as virus transmitter. Based on the clinical observation, the possibility of aerosol transmission of 2019 novel coronavirus has aroused a lot of attention. This study focuses on the feature of aerosol transmission, and the pathogens involved in. We analyzed the possibility of aerosol transmission for the novel coronavirus. Relevant strategies to prevent novel coronavirus pneumonia are established, serving as references to the medical personnel and general public during their work or daily life. ( Chin J Ophthalmol, 2020, 56: ).
JO  - [Zhonghua yan ke za zhi] Chinese journal of ophthalmology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 56
IS  - 0
PG  - E008-E008
SP  - E008
EP  - E008
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112142-20200313-00181
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32171189
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Suspending Classes Without Stopping Learning: China’s Education Emergency Management Policy in the COVID-19 Outbreak
AU  - Zhang, Wunong
AU  - Wang, Yuxin
AU  - Yang, Lili
AU  - Wang, Chuanyi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Against the backdrop of the COVID-19 outbreak, an emergency policy initiative called &ldquo;Suspending Classes Without Stopping Learning&rdquo; was launched by the Chinese government to continue teaching activities as schools across the country were closed to contain the virus. However, there is ambiguity and disagreement about what to teach, how to teach, the workload of teachers and students, the teaching environment, and the implications for education equity. Possible difficulties that the policy faces include: the weakness of the online teaching infrastructure, the inexperience of teachers (including unequal learning outcomes caused by teachers&rsquo; varied experience), the information gap, the complex environment at home, and so forth. To tackle the problems, we suggest that the government needs to further promote the construction of the educational information superhighway, consider equipping teachers and students with standardized home-based teaching/learning equipment, conduct online teacher training, include the development of massive online education in the national strategic plan, and support academic research into online education, especially education to help students with online learning difficulties.
JO  - Journal of Risk and Financial Management 2020, Vol. 13, Page 55
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 13
IS  - 3
PG  - 55-55
SP  - 55
EP  - 55
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/JRFM13030055
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Modeling the epidemic dynamics and control of COVID-19 outbreak in China
AU  - Zhao, Shilei
AU  - Chen, Hua
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is rapidly spreading in China and more than 30 countries over last two months. COVID-19 has multiple characteristics distinct from other infectious diseases, including high infectivity during incubation, time delay between real dynamics and daily observed number of confirmed cases, and the intervention effects of implemented quarantine and control measures. We develop a Susceptible, Un-quanrantined infected, Quarantined infected, Confirmed infected (SUQC) model to characterize the dynamics of COVID-19 and explicitly parameterize the intervention effects of control measures, which is more suitable for analysis than other existing epidemic models. The SUQC model is applied to the daily released data of the confirmed infections to analyze the outbreak of COVID-19 in Wuhan, Hubei (excluding Wuhan), China (excluding Hubei) and four first-tier cities of China. We found that, before January 30, 2020, all these regions except Beijing had a reproductive number R > 1, and after January 30, all regions had a reproductive number R < 1, indicating that the quarantine and control measures are effective in preventing the spread of COVID-19. The confirmation rate of Wuhan estimated by our model is 0.0643, substantially lower than that of Hubei excluding Wuhan (0.1914), and that of China excluding Hubei (0.2189), but it jumps to 0.3229 after February 12 when clinical evidence was adopted in new diagnosis guidelines. The number of unquarantined infected cases in Wuhan on February 12, 2020 is estimated to be 3,509 and declines to 334 on February 21, 2020. After fitting the model with data as of February 21, 2020, we predict that the end time of COVID-19 in Wuhan and Hubei is around late March, around mid March for China excluding Hubei, and before early March 2020 for the four tier-one cities. A total of 80,511 individuals are estimated to be infected in China, among which 49,510 are from Wuhan, 17,679 from Hubei (excluding Wuhan), and the rest 13,322 from other regions of China (excluding Hubei). Note that the estimates are from a deterministic ODE model and should be interpreted with some uncertainty. We suggest that rigorous quarantine and control measures should be kept before early March in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen, and before late March in Hubei. The model can also be useful to predict the trend of epidemic and provide quantitative guide for other countries at high risk of outbreak, such as South Korea, Japan, Italy and Iran.
JO  - Quantitative Biology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-9
SP  - 1
EP  - 9
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s40484-020-0199-0
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s40484-020-0199-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Spatial transmission of COVID-19 via public and private transportation in China
AU  - Zheng, Ruizhi
AU  - Xu, Yu
AU  - Wang, Weiqing
AU  - Ning, Guang
AU  - Bi, Yufang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101626-101626
SP  - 101626
EP  - 101626
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101626
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893920300946
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Initial clinical features of suspected Coronavirus Disease 2019 in two emergency departments outside of Hubei, China
AU  - Zhu, Wanbo
AU  - Xie, Kai
AU  - Lu, Hui
AU  - Xu, Lei
AU  - Zhou, Shusheng
AU  - Fang, Shiyuan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: With an increasing number of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases outside of Hubei, emergency departments (EDs) and fever clinics are facing challenges posed by the large number of admissions of patients suspected to have COVID-19. Therefore, it is of crucial importance to study the initial clinical features of patients, to better differentiate between infected and uninfected patients outside Hubei. METHODS: A total of 116 patients suspected of having COVID-19 who presented to two emergency departments in Anhui for the first time between 24 January 2020 and 20 February 2020 were enrolled in the study. The initial clinical data of these patients, such as epidemiological features, symptoms, laboratory results, and chest computed tomography findings were collected using a standard case report form on admission. RESULTS: Thirty-two patients were diagnosed with COVID-19; the remaining 84 patients were referred to as negative cases. The median age of the diagnosed patients was 46 years, but only 35 years for negative cases. History of exposure to Wuhan or COVID-19 patients in the previous 2 weeks was observed in 63% of the diagnosed and 44% of negative cases. Median time from illness onset to ED admission was 5 days for all patients, diagnosed patients, and negative cases, respectively. Fever was observed in 27 (84%) and 57 (68%) diagnosed and negative cases, respectively. Nineteen (59%) diagnosed and 24 (29%) negative cases had lymphopenia on admission in ED. A chest CT scan on admission revealed the presence of pneumonia in the majority of the diagnosed patients (30 out of 32, 94%) and in 56 (67%) negative cases. Bilateral involvement and ground-glass opacity (GGO) were present in 91% and 47% of the diagnosed patients. CONCLUSION: The initial clinical features of patients suspected of having COVID-19 in EDs outside Hubei were relatively mild. Meanwhile, diagnosed patients without definite exposure history tend to show more atypical initial clinical features in ED. No initial clinical feature was found to be specific to diagnosed patients, which could allow for early clinical diagnosis of COVID-19 in EDs. We recommend strict medical observation and quarantine of all patients suspected of having COVID-19, either in the ED itself or in a dedicated quarantine facility, irrespective of initial clinical features, especially in under-resourced regions without access to rapid nucleic acid amplification tests. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1002/jmv.25763-10.1002/jmv.25763
SP  - 10.1002/jmv.25763
EP  - 10.1002/jmv.25763
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25763
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32167181
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Single-cell RNA-seq data analysis on the receptor ACE2 expression reveals the potential risk of different human organs vulnerable to 2019-nCoV infection
AU  - Zou, Xin
AU  - Chen, Ke
AU  - Zou, Jiawei
AU  - Han, Peiyi
AU  - Hao, Jie
AU  - Han, Zeguang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - It has been known that, the novel Coronavirus, 2019-nCoV, which is considered similar to SARS-CoV and originated from Wuhan (China), invades human cells via the receptor angiotensin converting enzyme II (ACE2). Moreover, lung cells that have ACE2 expression may be the main target cells during 2019-nCoV infection. However, some patients also exhibit non-respiratory symptoms, such as kidney failure, implying that 2019-nCoV could also invade other organs. To construct a risk map of different human organs, we analyzed the single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) datasets derived from major human physiological systems, including the respiratory, cardiovascular, digestive, and urinary systems. Through scRNA-seq data analyses, we identified the organs at risk, such as lung, heart, esophagus, kidney, bladder, and ileum, and located specific cell types (i.e., type II alveolar cells (AT2), myocardial cells, proximal tubule cells of the kidney, ileum and esophagus epithelial cells, and bladder urothelial cells), which are vulnerable to 2019-nCoV infection. Based on the findings, we constructed a risk map indicating the vulnerability of different organs to 2019-nCoV infection. This study may provide potential clues for further investigation of the pathogenesis and route of 2019-nCoV infection.
JO  - Frontiers of medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10.1007/s11684-020-0754-0
SP  - 10.1007/s11684
EP  - 020
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11684-020-0754-0
UR  - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32170560
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The single-cell RNA-seq data analysis on the receptor ACE2 expression reveals the potential risk of different human organs vulnerable to Wuhan 2019-nCoV infection
AU  - Zou, Xin
AU  - Chen, Ke
AU  - Zou, Jiawei
AU  - Han, Peiyi
AU  - Hao, Jie
AU  - Han, Zeguang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - To date, it has been known that, similar to SARS-CoV, the novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV originated from Wuhan (China) invades human cells via the receptor angiotensin converting enzyme II (ACE2); and the lung cells that have the ACE2 expression may be the main target cells during 2019-nCoV infection. However, in addition to the respiratory symptoms, some patients also exhibited not-respiratory symptoms such as kidney failure, which implies that 2019-nCoV could also invade other organs. To construct a risk map of different human organs, here we analyzed the single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) datasets derived from major human physiological systems including respiratory, cardiovascular, digestive and urinary systems. By interrogating the scRNA-seq data, we not only identified the organs such as lung, heart, oesophagus, kidney, bladder and ileum to be risky, but also can locate the specific cell types such as type II alveolar cells (AT2), myocardial cells, proximal tubule cells of kidney, ileum and oesophagus epithelial cells, and bladder urothelial cells, which are vulnerable to 2019-nCoV infection. Based on the findings, we finally constructed a risk map indicating the vulnerability of different organs to 2019-nCoV infection. This study may provide the potential clues for further investigating the pathogenesis and route of 2019-nCoV infection.
JO  - Frontiers of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 0-0
SP  - 0
EP  - 0
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/S11684-020-0754-0
UR  - http://journal.hep.com.cn/fmd/EN/10.1007/s11684-020-0754-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preliminary estimation of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) cases in Iran: A modelling analysis based on overseas cases and air travel data
AU  - Zhuang, Zian
AU  - Zhao, Shi
AU  - Lin, Qianying
AU  - Cao, Peihua
AU  - Lou, Yijun
AU  - Yang, Lin
AU  - He, Daihai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As of 1 March 2020, Iran has reported 987 COVID-19 cases and including 54 associated deaths. At least six neighboring countries (Bahrain, Iraq, Kuwait, Oman, Afghanistan and Pakistan) have reported imported COVID-19 cases from Iran. We used air travel data and the cases from Iran to other Middle East countries and estimated 16533 (95% CI: 5925, 35538) COVID-19 cases in Iran by 25 February, before UAE and other Gulf Cooperation Council countries suspended inbound and outbound flights from Iran.
JO  - International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.03.019
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Back to the spring of Wuhan: facts and hope of COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Zhou, Guangbiao
AU  - Chen, Saijuan
AU  - Chen, Zhu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11684-020-0758-9
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical Features of 69 Cases with Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Wuhan, China | Clinical Infectious Diseases | Oxford Academic
AU  - Zhongliang Wang, M. D. Bohan Yang M. D. Qianwen Li M. D. Lu Wen M. D. Ruiguang Zhang M. D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Background From December 2019 to February 2020, 2019 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a serious outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China. Related clinical features are needed. Methods We reviewed 69 patients who were hospitalized in Union hospital in Wuhan between January 16 to January 29, 2020. All patients were confirmed to be infected with SARS-CoV-2 and the final date of follow-up was February 4, 2020. Results The median age of 69 enrolled patients was 42.0 years (IQR 35.0-62.0), and 32 patients (46%) were men. The most common symptoms were fever (60[87%]), cough (38[55%]), and fatigue (29[42%]). Most patients received antiviral therapy (66 [98.5%] of 67 patients) and antibiotic therapy (66 [98.5%] of 67 patients). As of February 4, 2020, 18 (26.9%) of 67 patients had been discharged, and five patients had died, with a mortality rate of 7.5%. According to the lowest SpO2 during admission, cases were divided into the SpO2≥90% group (n=55) and the SpO2<90% group (n=14). All 5 deaths occurred in the SpO2<90% group. Compared with SpO2≥90% group, patients of the SpO2<90% group were older, and showed more comorbidities and higher plasma levels of IL6, IL10, lactate dehydrogenase, and c reactive protein. Arbidol treatment showed tendency to improve the discharging rate and decrease the mortality rate. Conclusions COVID-19 appears to show frequent fever, dry cough, and increase of inflammatory cytokines, and induced a mortality rate of 7.5%. Older patients or those with underlying comorbidities are at higher risk of death.
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa272/5807944?searchresult=1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical value of the emergency department in screening and diagnosis of COVID-19 in China
AU  - Zhang, Qin
AU  - Pan, Jian
AU  - Zhao, Min-xing
AU  - Lu, Yuan-qiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 通过对浙江大学医学院附属第一医院急诊科筛查出的 4 例新型冠状病毒肺炎 (新冠肺炎) 病例进行分析, 探讨急诊科在新冠肺炎精准筛查和诊断中的作用。 分析新型冠状病毒肺炎的致病机制、 传播方式和临床特征; 总结急诊科医护人员的自身防护和诊断策略. 回顾性分析我院急诊科筛查出的 4 例新型冠状病毒肺炎病例, 总结急诊科的临床价值. 在新冠肺炎的筛查和诊断体系中, 中国急诊科发挥了不可替代的作用. 急诊科医护人员应充分做好自身防护, 对患者进行细致、 耐心、 谨慎地病史采集和全面的体格检查, 并关注患者的心理状态, 有效应用肺部计算机断层扫描 (CT)、 核酸检测等检测方法, 做好新冠肺炎筛查工作.
JO  - Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE B
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-6
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1631/jzus.B2010011
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1631/jzus.B2010011
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Management strategies for patients with gynecological malignancies during the outbreak of COVID19]
AU  - Zhang, J.
AU  - Peng, P.
AU  - Li, X.
AU  - Zha, Y. F.
AU  - Zhang, G. N.
AU  - Zhang, Y.
AU  - Xiang, Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To explore the management strategies for patients with gynecological malignant tumors during the outbreak and transmission of COVID19. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics, treatment, and disease outcomes of three patients with gynecological malignancies associated with COVID19 in Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University in January 2020, and proposed management strategies for patients with gynecological tumors under risk of COVID19. Results: Three patients were treated COVID19 based on the national diagnosis and treatment protocol as well as research progress. Meanwhile, these patients were appropriately adjusted the treatment plan in accordance with the clinical guidelines for gynecological tumors. Pneumonia was cured in 2 patients, and one patient died of COVID-19. Conclusions: Patients with gynecological malignant tumors are high-risk groups prone to COVID-19 infection, and gynecological oncologists need to carry out education, prevention, control and treatment according to specific conditions. While actively preventing and controlling COVID-19, the diagnosis and treatment of gynecological malignant tumors should be carried out in an orderly and safe manner.
JO  - Zhonghua fu chan ke za zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 55
IS  - 0
PG  - E011-E011
SP  - E011
EP  - E011
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112141-20200302-00168
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 55-Day-Old Female Infant infected with COVID 19: presenting with pneumonia, liver injury, and heart damage | The Journal of Infectious Diseases | Oxford Academic
AU  - Yuxia Cui, M. D. Maolu Tian M. M. Dong Huang M. D. Xike Wang M. D. Yuying Huang B. M. Li Fan M. M. Liang Wang B. M. Yun Chen M. M. Wenpu Liu B. M. Kai Zhang B. M. Yue Wu B. M. Zhenzhong Yang B. M. Jing Tao B. M. Jie Feng B. M. Kaiyu Liu B. M. Xianwei Ye M. D. Rongpin Wang M. D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Previous studies on the pneumonia outbreak caused by the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) were mainly based on information from adult populations. Limited data are available for children with COVID-19, especially for infected infants. We report a 55-day-old case with COVID-19 confirmed in China and describe the identification, diagnosis, clinical course, and treatment of the patient, including the disease progression from day 7 to day 11 of illness. This case highlights that children with COVID-19 can also present with multiple organ damage and rapid disease changes. When managing such patients, frequent and careful clinical monitoring is essential.
JO  - The Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/jid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/infdis/jiaa113/5807961?searchresult=1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19: The most important research questions
AU  - Yuen, Kit-San
AU  - Ye, Zi Wei
AU  - Fung, Sin-Yee
AU  - Chan, Chi-Ping
AU  - Jin, Dong-Yan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an ongoing global health emergency. Here we highlight nine most important research questions concerning virus transmission, asymptomatic and presymptomatic virus shedding, diagnosis, treatment, vaccine development, origin of virus and viral pathogenesis.
JO  - Cell & Bioscience
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 10
IS  - 1
PG  - 40-40
SP  - 40
EP  - 40
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s13578-020-00404-4
UR  - https://cellandbioscience.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13578-020-00404-4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Will the Third Wave of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Really Come in Korea?
AU  - Yoo, Jin Hong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Korean medical science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 35
IS  - 10
PG  - e110-e110
SP  - e110
EP  - e110
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e110
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Exported Wuhan Novel Coronavirus Infection: An Expected Rate with Reference to Main Destination of Chinese Tourist, Thailand
AU  - Yasri, Sora
AU  - Wiwanitkit, Viroj
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International journal of preventive medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 11
IS  - 
PG  - 28-28
SP  - 28
EP  - 28
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4103/ijpvm.IJPVM_39_20
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [A pathological report of three COVID-19 cases by minimally invasive autopsies]
AU  - Yao, X. H.
AU  - Li, T. Y.
AU  - He, Z. C.
AU  - Ping, Y. F.
AU  - Liu, H. W.
AU  - Yu, S. C.
AU  - Mou, H. M.
AU  - Wang, L. H.
AU  - Zhang, H. R.
AU  - Fu, W. J.
AU  - Luo, T.
AU  - Liu, F.
AU  - Chen, C.
AU  - Xiao, H. L.
AU  - Guo, H. T.
AU  - Lin, S.
AU  - Xiang, D. F.
AU  - Shi, Y.
AU  - Li, Q. R.
AU  - Huang, X.
AU  - Cui, Y.
AU  - Li, X. Z.
AU  - Tang, W.
AU  - Pan, P. F.
AU  - Huang, X. Q.
AU  - Ding, Y. Q.
AU  - Bian, X. W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To investigate the pathological characteristics and the clinical significance of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)-infected pneumonia (termed by WHO as corona virus disease 2019, COVID-19). Methods: Minimally invasive autopsies from lung, heart, kidney, spleen, bone marrow, liver, pancreas, stomach, intestine, thyroid and skin were performed on three patients died of novel coronavirus pneumonia in Chongqing, China. Hematoxylin and eosin staining (HE) and histochemical staining were performed to investigate the pathological changes of indicated organs or tissues. Immunohistochemical staining was conducted to evaluate the infiltration of immune cells as well as the expression of 2019-nCoV proteins. Real time PCR was carried out to detect the RNA of 2019-nCoV. Results: Various damages were observed in the alveolar structure, with minor serous exudation and fibrin exudation. Hyaline membrane formation was observed in some alveoli. The infiltrated immune cells in alveoli were majorly macrophages and monocytes. Moderate multinucleated giant cells, minimal lymphocytes, eosinophils and neutrophils were also observed. Most of infiltrated lymphocytes were CD4-positive T cells. Significant proliferation of type II alveolar epithelia and focal desquamation of alveolar epithelia were also indicated. The blood vessels of alveolar septum were congested, edematous and widened, with modest infiltration of monocytes and lymphocytes. Hyaline thrombi were found in a minority of microvessels. Focal hemorrhage in lung tissue, organization of exudates in some alveolar cavities, and pulmonary interstitial fibrosiswere observed. Part of the bronchial epithelia were exfoliated. Coronavirus particles in bronchial mucosal epithelia and type II alveolar epithelia were observed under electron microscope. Immunohistochemical staining showed that part of the alveolar epithelia and macrophages were positive for 2019-nCoV antigen. Real time PCR analyses identified positive signals for 2019-nCoV nucleic acid. Decreased numbers of lymphocyte, cell degeneration and necrosis were observed in spleen. Furthermore, degeneration and necrosis of parenchymal cells, formation of hyaline thrombus in small vessels, and pathological changes of chronic diseases were observed in other organs and tissues, while no evidence of coronavirus infection was observed in these organs. Conclusion: s The lungs from novel coronavirus pneumonia patients manifest significant pathological lesions, including the alveolar exudative inflammation and interstitial inflammation, alveolar epithelium proliferation and hyaline membrane formation. While the 2019-nCoV is mainly distributed in lung, the infection also involves in the damages of heart, vessels, liver, kidney and other organs. Further studies are warranted to investigate the mechanism underlying pathological changes of this disease.
JO  - Zhonghua bing li xue za zhi = Chinese journal of pathology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 49
IS  - 0
PG  - E009-E009
SP  - E009
EP  - E009
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20200312-00193
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical outcome of 55 asymptomatic cases at the time of hospital admission infected with SARS-Coronavirus-2 in Shenzhen, China | The Journal of Infectious Diseases | Oxford Academic
AU  - Yanrong Wang, Yingxia Liu Lei Liu Xianfeng Wang Nijuan Luo Li Ling
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract An epidemic caused by SARS-Coronavirus-2 infection has spread unexpectedly in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China since December 2019. It is rarely reported about asymptomatic cases screened from close contacts. We study epidemiological and clinical outcome of 55 asymptomatic carriers who were laboratory-confirmed positive for the SARS-Coronavirus-2 by testing the nucleic acid of the pharyngeal swab samples. The evidence showed that asymptomatic carriers occurred more often in middle aged people who had close contact with infected family members. The majority of the cases developed to be mild and ordinary COVID-19 during hospital.
JO  - The Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/jid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/infdis/jiaa119/5807958?searchresult=1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Early estimation of the case fatality rate of COVID-19 in mainland China: a data-driven analysis
AU  - Yang, Shu
AU  - Cao, Peihua
AU  - Du, Peipei
AU  - Wu, Ziting
AU  - Zhuang, Zian
AU  - Yang, Lin
AU  - Yu, Xuan
AU  - Zhou, Qi
AU  - Feng, Xixi
AU  - Wang, Xiaohui
AU  - Li, Weiguo
AU  - Liu, Enmei
AU  - Chen, Ju
AU  - Chen, Yaolong
AU  - He, Daihai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: An ongoing outbreak of pneumonia caused by a novel coronavirus [severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2], named COVID-19, hit a major city of China, Wuhan in December 2019 and subsequently spread to other provinces/regions of China and overseas. Several studies have been done to estimate the basic reproduction number in the early phase of this outbreak, yet there are no reliable estimates of case fatality rate (CFR) for COVID-19 to date. METHODS: In this study, we used a purely data-driven statistical method to estimate the CFR in the early phase of the COVID-19 outbreak. Daily numbers of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases and deaths were collected from January 10 to February 3, 2020 and divided into three clusters: Wuhan city, other cities of Hubei province, and other provinces of mainland China. Simple linear regression model was applied to estimate the CFR from each cluster. RESULTS: We estimated that CFR during the first weeks of the epidemic ranges from 0.15% (95% CI: 0.12-0.18%) in mainland China excluding Hubei through 1.41% (95% CI: 1.38-1.45%) in Hubei province excluding the city of Wuhan to 5.25% (95% CI: 4.98-5.51%) in Wuhan. CONCLUSIONS: Our early estimates suggest that the CFR of COVID-19 is lower than the previous coronavirus epidemics caused by SARS-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV).
JO  - Annals of translational medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 8
IS  - 4
PG  - 128-128
SP  - 128
EP  - 128
AN  - 
DO  - 10.21037/atm.2020.02.66
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical Features of 69 Cases with Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Wuhan, China
AU  - Wang, Zhongliang
AU  - Yang, Bohan
AU  - Li, Qianwen
AU  - Wen, Lu
AU  - Zhang, Ruiguang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: From December 2019 to February 2020, 2019 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a serious outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China. Related clinical features are needed. METHODS: We reviewed 69 patients who were hospitalized in Union hospital in Wuhan between January 16 to January 29, 2020. All patients were confirmed to be infected with SARS-CoV-2 and the final date of follow-up was February 4, 2020. RESULTS: The median age of 69 enrolled patients was 42.0 years (IQR 35.0-62.0), and 32 patients (46%) were men. The most common symptoms were fever (60[87%]), cough (38[55%]), and fatigue (29[42%]). Most patients received antiviral therapy (66 [98.5%] of 67 patients) and antibiotic therapy (66 [98.5%] of 67 patients). As of February 4, 2020, 18 (26.9%) of 67 patients had been discharged, and five patients had died, with a mortality rate of 7.5%. According to the lowest SpO2 during admission, cases were divided into the SpO2≥90% group (n=55) and the SpO2<90% group (n=14). All 5 deaths occurred in the SpO2<90% group. Compared with SpO2≥90% group, patients of the SpO2<90% group were older, and showed more comorbidities and higher plasma levels of IL6, IL10, lactate dehydrogenase, and c reactive protein. Arbidol treatment showed tendency to improve the discharging rate and decrease the mortality rate. CONCLUSIONS: COVID-19 appears to show frequent fever, dry cough, and increase of inflammatory cytokines, and induced a mortality rate of 7.5%. Older patients or those with underlying comorbidities are at higher risk of death.
JO  - Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa272
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The role of CT for Covid-19 patient's management remains poorly defined
AU  - Wang, Yi Xiang J.
AU  - Liu, Wei-Hong
AU  - Yang, Mo
AU  - Chen, Wei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of translational medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 8
IS  - 4
PG  - 145-145
SP  - 145
EP  - 145
AN  - 
DO  - 10.21037/atm.2020.02.71
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preparedness is essential for malaria-endemic regions during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Wang, Jigang
AU  - Xu, Chengchao
AU  - Wong, Yin Kwan
AU  - He, Yingke
AU  - Adegnika, Ayôla A.
AU  - Kremsner, Peter G.
AU  - Agnandji, Selidji T.
AU  - Sall, Amadou A.
AU  - Liang, Zhen
AU  - Qiu, Chen
AU  - Liao, Fu Long
AU  - Jiang, Tingliang
AU  - Krishna, Sanjeev
AU  - Tu, Youyou
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30561-4
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673620305614
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Advances in the research of mechanism of pulmonary fibrosis induced by Corona Virus Disease 2019 and the corresponding therapeutic measures]
AU  - Wang, J.
AU  - Wang, B. J.
AU  - Yang, J. C.
AU  - Wang, M. Y.
AU  - Chen, C.
AU  - Luo, G. X.
AU  - He, W. F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbroke in Wuhan, China in December 2019 and the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbroke in Guangzhou, China in 2003 were caused by highly pathogenic coronaviruses with high homology. Since the 2019 novel coronavirus has strong transmissibility and progress rapidly. It has caused negative social effects and massive economic damage on a global scale. While there is currently no vaccine or effective drugs. Pulmonary fibrosis is a pulmonary disease with progressive fibrosis, which is the main factor leading to pulmonary dysfunction and quality of life decline in SARS survivors after recovery. Extensive epidemiological, viral immunological, and current clinical evidences support the possibility that pulmonary fibrosis may be one of the major complications in COVID-19 patients. Although there are no reports on the mechanism of COVID-19 inducing pulmonary fibrosis, based on the existing theoretical basis, we focus on the possible mechanism of COVID-19 sustained lung damaging, the key role of abnormal immune mechanism in the initiation and promotion of pulmonary fibrosis, and the corresponding therapeutic measures.
JO  - Zhonghua shao shang za zhi = Zhonghua shaoshang zazhi = Chinese journal of burns
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 36
IS  - 0
PG  - E006-E006
SP  - E006
EP  - E006
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn501120-20200307-00132
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus concerns force Arctic mission to cancel research flights
AU  - Vogel, Gretchen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The global coronavirus outbreak is now curtailing research at the top of the world. Travel restrictions imposed by Norway have forced the cancellation of research flights in support of the Polarstern, the icebound German research ship that is the centerpiece of a $150 million mission to study the effects of climate change on the Arctic.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb7263
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/03/coronavirus-concerns-force-arctic-research-mission-cancel-flights
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus: just imagine…
AU  - Vincent, Jean-Louis
AU  - Slutsky, Arthur S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Critical Care
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 24
IS  - 1
PG  - 90-90
SP  - 90
EP  - 90
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s13054-020-2824-8
UR  - https://ccforum.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13054-020-2824-8
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A year without conferences? How the coronavirus pandemic could change research
AU  - Viglione, Giuliana
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As scientific meetings are cancelled worldwide, researchers are rethinking how they network — a move that some say is long overdue.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00786-y
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00786-y
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Estimation of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Burden and Potential for International Dissemination of Infection From Iran
AU  - Tuite, Ashleigh R.
AU  - Bogoch, Isaac I.
AU  - Sherbo, Ryan
AU  - Watts, Alexander
AU  - Fisman, David
AU  - Khan, Kamran
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of internal medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7326/M20-0696
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Influenza-associated pneumonia as reference to assess seriousness of coronavirus disease (COVID-19)
AU  - Tolksdorf, Kristin
AU  - Buda, Silke
AU  - Schuler, Ekkehard
AU  - Wieler, Lothar H
AU  - Haas, Walter
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Information on severity of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) (transmissibility, disease seriousness, impact) is crucial for preparation of healthcare sectors. We present a simple approach to assess disease seriousness, creating a reference cohort of pneumonia patients from sentinel hospitals. First comparisons exposed a higher rate of COVID-19 patients requiring ventilation. There were more case fatalities among COVID-19 patients without comorbidities than in the reference cohort. Hospitals should prepare for high utilisation of ventilation and intensive care resources.
JO  - Eurosurveillance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.11.2000258
UR  - https://eurosurveillance.org/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.11.2000258
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: delay, mitigate, and communicate
AU  - Medicine, The Lancet Respiratory
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Respiratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30128-4
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30128-4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The effectiveness of quarantine and isolation determine the trend of the COVID-19 epidemics in the final phase of the current outbreak in China
AU  - Tang, Biao
AU  - Xia, Fan
AU  - Tang, Sanyi
AU  - Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi
AU  - Li, Qian
AU  - Sun, Xiaodan
AU  - Liang, Juhua
AU  - Xiao, Yanni
AU  - Wu, Jianhong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVES: Since January 23rd 2020, stringent measures for controlling the novel coronavirus epidemics have been gradually enforced and strengthened in mainland China. The detection and diagnosis have been improved as well. However, the daily reported cases staying in a high level make the epidemics trend prediction difficult. METHODS: Since the traditional SEIR model does not evaluate the effectiveness of control strategies, a novel model in line with the current epidemics process and control measures was proposed, utilizing multisource datasets including cumulative number of reported, death, quarantined and suspected cases. RESULTS: Results show that the trend of the epidemics mainly depends on quarantined and suspected cases. The predicted cumulative numbers of quarantined and suspected cases nearly reached static states and their inflection points have already been achieved, with the epidemics peak coming soon. The estimated effective reproduction numbers using model-free and model-based methods are decreasing, as well as new infections, while new reported cases are increasing. Most infected cases have been quarantined or put in suspected class, which has been ignored in existing models. CONCLUSIONS: The uncertainty analyses reveal that the epidemics is still uncertain and it is important to continue enhancing the quarantine and isolation strategy and improving the detection rate in mainland China.
JO  - International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.03.018
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Evolution of Computed Tomography Manifestations in Five Patients Who Recovered from Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pneumonia
AU  - Sun, Qiulian
AU  - Xu, Xinjian
AU  - Xie, Jicheng
AU  - Li, Jingjing
AU  - Huang, Xiangzhong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Korean journal of radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3348/kjr.2020.0157
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Positive Screening for Wuhan Novel Coronavirus Infection at International Airport: What's the Final Diagnosis for Positive Cases
AU  - Sriwijitalai, Won
AU  - Wiwanitkit, Viroj
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International journal of preventive medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 11
IS  - 
PG  - 30-30
SP  - 30
EP  - 30
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4103/ijpvm.IJPVM_42_20
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Imported Wuhan Coronavirus Infection: Is there any Correlation with Number of Immigrants from Endemic Area and Period after the First Outbreak?
AU  - Sookaromdee, Pathum
AU  - Wiwanitkit, Viroj
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International journal of preventive medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 11
IS  - 
PG  - 29-29
SP  - 29
EP  - 29
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4103/ijpvm.IJPVM_41_20
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pneumonia with Hemoptysis as the Initial Symptom: CT and Clinical Features
AU  - Shi, Fengxia
AU  - Yu, Quanbo
AU  - Huang, Wei
AU  - Tan, Chaochao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Recently, some global cases of 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pneumonia have been caused by second- or third-generation transmission of the viral infection, resulting in no traceable epidemiological history. Owing to the complications of COVID-19 pneumonia, the first symptom and imaging features of patients can be very atypical and early diagnosis of COVID-19 infections remains a challenge. It would aid radiologists and clinicians to be aware of the early atypical symptom and imaging features of the disease and contribute to the prevention of infected patients being missed.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3348/kjr.2020.0181
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Can the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Affect the Eyes? A Review of Coronaviruses and Ocular Implications in Humans and Animals
AU  - Seah, Ivan
AU  - Agrawal, Rupesh
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, a novel coronavirus (CoV) epidemic, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus - 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged from China. This virus causes the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Since then, there have been anecdotal reports of ocular infection. The ocular implications of human CoV infections have not been widely studied. However, CoVs have been known to cause various ocular infections in animals. Clinical entities such as conjunctivitis, anterior uveitis, retinitis, and optic neuritis have been documented in feline and murine models. In this article, the current evidence suggesting possible human CoV infection of ocular tissue is reviewed. The review article will also highlight animal CoVs and their associated ocular infections. We hope that this article will serve as a start for further research into the ocular implications of human CoV infections.
JO  - Ocular immunology and inflammation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-5
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/09273948.2020.1738501
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Plano de Contingência do Estado de São Paulo para Infecção Humana pelo novo Coronavírus - 2019 nCov
AU  - São Paulo Secretaria da, Saúde
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 26-26
SP  - 26
EP  - 26
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/zypqw
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Systematic Review of Imaging Findings in 919 Patients
AU  - Salehi, Sana
AU  - Abedi, Aidin
AU  - Balakrishnan, Sudheer
AU  - Gholamrezanezhad, Ali
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE. Available information on CT features of the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is scattered in different publications, and a cohesive literature review has yet to be compiled. MATERIALS AND METHODS. This article includes a systematic literature search of PubMed, Embase (Elsevier), Google Scholar, and the World Health Organization database. RESULTS. Known features of COVID-19 on initial CT include bilateral multilobar ground-glass opacification (GGO) with a peripheral or posterior distribution, mainly in the lower lobes and less frequently within the right middle lobe. Atypical initial imaging presentation of consolidative opacities superimposed on GGO may be found in a smaller number of cases, mainly in the elderly population. Septal thickening, bronchiectasis, pleural thickening, and subpleural involvement are some of the less common findings, mainly in the later stages of the disease. Pleural effusion, pericardial effusion, lymphadenopathy, cavitation, CT halo sign, and pneumothorax are uncommon but may be seen with disease progression. Follow-up CT in the intermediate stage of disease shows an increase in the number and size of GGOs and progressive transformation of GGO into multifocal consolidative opacities, septal thickening, and development of a crazy paving pattern, with the greatest severity of CT findings visible around day 10 after the symptom onset. Acute respiratory distress syndrome is the most common indication for transferring patients with COVID-19 to the ICU and the major cause of death in this patient population. Imaging patterns corresponding to clinical improvement usually occur after week 2 of the disease and include gradual resolution of consolidative opacities and decrease in the number of lesions and involved lobes. CONCLUSION. This systematic review of current literature on COVID-19 provides insight into the initial and follow-up CT characteristics of the disease.
JO  - AJR. American journal of roentgenology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-7
SP  - 1
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2214/AJR.20.23034
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Substantial undocumented infection facilitates the rapid dissemination of novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV2)
AU  - Ruiyun Li1, Sen Pei, Bin Chen, Yimeng Song, Tao Zhang, Wan Yang, Jeffrey Shaman
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Estimation of the prevalence and contagiousness of undocumented novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV2) infections is critical for understanding the overall prevalence and pandemic potential of this disease. Here we use observations of reported infection within China, in conjunction with mobility data, a networked dynamic metapopulation model and Bayesian inference, to infer critical epidemiological characteristics associated with SARS-CoV2, including the fraction of undocumented infections and their contagiousness. We estimate 86% of all infections were undocumented (95% CI: [82%–90%]) prior to 23 January 2020 travel restrictions. Per person, the transmission rate of undocumented infections was 55% of documented infections ([46%–62%]), yet, due to their greater numbers, undocumented infections were the infection source for 79% of documented cases. These findings explain the rapid geographic spread of SARS-CoV2 and indicate containment of this virus will be particularly challenging.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb3221
UR  - https://science.sciencemag.org/content/early/2020/03/13/science.abb3221.abstract
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Coronavirus Epidemic and Extracorporeal Therapies in Intensive Care: si vis pacem para bellum
AU  - Ronco, Claudio
AU  - Reis, Thiago
AU  - De Rosa, Silvia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1159/000507039
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Identification of potential cross-protective epitope between a new type of coronavirus (2019-nCoV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome virus
AU  - Qiu, Tianyi
AU  - Mao, Tiantian
AU  - Wang, Yuan
AU  - Zhou, Mengdi
AU  - Qiu, Jingxuan
AU  - Wang, Jianwei
AU  - Xu, Jianqing
AU  - Cao, Zhiwei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jgg.2020.01.003
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Investigation of three clusters of COVID-19 in Singapore: implications for surveillance and response measures
AU  - Pung, Rachael
AU  - Chiew, Calvin J.
AU  - Young, Barnaby E.
AU  - Chin, Sarah
AU  - Chen, Mark I. C.
AU  - Clapham, Hannah E.
AU  - Cook, Alex R.
AU  - Maurer-Stroh, Sebastian
AU  - Toh, Matthias P. H. S.
AU  - Poh, Cuiqin
AU  - Low, Mabel
AU  - Lum, Joshua
AU  - Koh, Valerie T. J.
AU  - Mak, Tze M.
AU  - Cui, Lin
AU  - Lin, Raymond V. T. P.
AU  - Heng, Derrick
AU  - Leo, Yee-Sin
AU  - Lye, David C.
AU  - Lee, Vernon J. M.
AU  - Kam, Kai-qian
AU  - Kalimuddin, Shirin
AU  - Tan, Seow Yen
AU  - Loh, Jiashen
AU  - Thoon, Koh Cheng
AU  - Vasoo, Shawn
AU  - Khong, Wei Xin
AU  - Suhaimi, Nur-Afidah
AU  - Chan, Sherlynn J. H.
AU  - Zhang, Emma
AU  - Oh, Olivia
AU  - Ty, Albert
AU  - Tow, Charlene
AU  - Chua, Yi Xian
AU  - Chaw, Wei Liang
AU  - Ng, Yixiang
AU  - Abdul-Rahman, Farid
AU  - Sahib, Shafiq
AU  - Zhao, Zheng
AU  - Tang, Cheryl
AU  - Low, Constance
AU  - Goh, Ee Hui
AU  - Lim, Georgina
AU  - Hou, Yan'an
AU  - Roshan, Imran
AU  - Tan, James
AU  - Foo, Kelly
AU  - Nandar, Khine
AU  - Kurupatham, Lalitha
AU  - Chan, Pei Pei
AU  - Raj, Pream
AU  - Lin, Yijun
AU  - Said, Zubaidah
AU  - Lee, Anne
AU  - See, Cherie
AU  - Markose, Jessey
AU  - Tan, Joanna
AU  - Chan, Guanhao
AU  - See, Wanhan
AU  - Peh, Xinyi
AU  - Cai, Vincent
AU  - Chen, Wen Kai
AU  - Li, Zongbin
AU  - Soo, Roy
AU  - Chow, Angela L. P.
AU  - Wei, Wycliffe
AU  - Farwin, Aysha
AU  - Ang, Li Wei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Summary Background Three clusters of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) linked to a tour group from China, a company conference, and a church were identified in Singapore in February, 2020. Methods We gathered epidemiological and clinical data from individuals with confirmed COVID-19, via interviews and inpatient medical records, and we did field investigations to assess interactions and possible modes of transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Open source reports were obtained for overseas cases. We reported the median (IQR) incubation period of SARS-CoV-2. Findings As of Feb 15, 2020, 36 cases of COVID-19 were linked epidemiologically to the first three clusters of circumscribed local transmission in Singapore. 425 close contacts were quarantined. Direct or prolonged close contact was reported among affected individuals, although indirect transmission (eg, via fomites and shared food) could not be excluded. The median incubation period of SARS-CoV-2 was 4 days (IQR 3–6). The serial interval between transmission pairs ranged between 3 days and 8 days. Interpretation SARS-CoV-2 is transmissible in community settings, and local clusters of COVID-19 are expected in countries with high travel volume from China before the lockdown of Wuhan and institution of travel restrictions. Enhanced surveillance and contact tracing is essential to minimise the risk of widespread transmission in the community. Funding None.
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30528-6
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673620305286
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - What Is Needed to Make Interventional Radiology Ready for COVID-19? Lessons from SARS-CoV Epidemic
AU  - Pua, Uei
AU  - Wong, Daniel
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Korean journal of radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3348/kjr.2020.0163
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical characteristics of refractory COVID-19 pneumonia in Wuhan, China | Clinical Infectious Diseases | Oxford Academic
AU  - Pingzheng Mo, Yuanyuan Xing Yu Xiao Liping Deng Qiu Zhao Hongling Wang Yong Xiong Zhenshun Cheng Shicheng Gao Ke Liang Mingqi Luo Tielong Chen Shihui Song Zhiyong Ma Xiaoping Chen Ruiying Zheng Qian Cao Fan Wang Yongxi Zhang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background Since December 2019, novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2)-infected pneumonia (COVID-19) occurred in Wuhan, and rapidly spread throughout China. This study aimed to clarify the characteristics of patients with refractory COVID-19. Methods In this retrospective single-center study, we included 155 consecutive patients with confirmed COVID-19 in Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University from January 1st to February 5th. The cases were divided into general and refractory COVID-19 groups according to the clinical efficacy after hospitalization, and the difference between groups were compared. Results Compared with general COVID-19 patients (45.2%), refractory patients had an older age, male sex, more underlying comorbidities, lower incidence of fever, higher levels of maximum temperature among fever cases, higher incidence of breath shortness and anorexia, severer disease assessment on admission, high levels of neutrophil, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and C-reactive protein, lower levels of platelets and albumin, and higher incidence of bilateral pneumonia and pleural effusion (P<0.05). Refractory COVID-19 patients were more likely to receive oxygen, mechanical ventilation, expectorant, and adjunctive treatment including corticosteroid, antiviral drugs and immune enhancer (P<0.05). After adjustment, those with refractory COVID-19 were also more likely to have a male sex and manifestations of anorexia and fever on admission, and receive oxygen, expectorant and adjunctive agents (P<0.05) when considering the factors of disease severity on admission, mechanical ventilation, and ICU transfer. Conclusion Nearly 50% COVID-19 patients could not reach obvious clinical and radiological remission within 10 days after hospitalization. The patients with male sex, anorexia and no fever on admission predicted poor efficacy.
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa270/5805508?searchresult=1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Nuevo coronavirus 2019-ncov: impacto en salud global
AU  - Pérez-Then, Eddy
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>Se trata de una revisión sistemática de una selección de artículos publicados en diferentes fuentes de información, post aparición del primer caso de 2019-nCoV en China, que incluye la infor-mación disponible a febrero 2 del año 2020 sobre diferentes aspectos clínico-epidemiológicos de la epidemia.&#13; Se incluye también un análisis comparativo de la forma de transmisión, origen, mortalidad, período de incubación y el número reproductivo básico (R0) o la velocidad con que una enfermedad puede propagarse en una población, de este nuevo coronavirus (2019-nCoV), con la evidencia disponible de estos parámetros para el SARS-CoV y el MERS-CoV, al 2 de febrero del año 2020.&#13; Se concluye recomendando la creación de unidades de salud global, lo cual podría favorecer que el sistema de salud perpetúe su impacto en los indicadores de salud de entidades de mayor prevalencia y de comportamiento endémico, mientras que, dichas unidades, orienten los esfuerzos a la implementación efectiva de las medidas de contención y prevención de brotes epidémicos en puertos de entrada y puntos estratégicos de una nación en particular, así como también mejorar la interconexión con otras unidades de similar envergadura y objetivos, en un principio, a nivel regional, pero, como fin último, a nivel global.</p>
JO  - Ciencia y Salud
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 4
IS  - 1
PG  - 5-9
SP  - 5
EP  - 9
AN  - 
DO  - 10.22206/cysa.2020.v4i1.pp5-9
UR  - https://revistas.intec.edu.do/index.php/cisa/article/view/1672
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Is novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) transmitted through conjunctiva?
AU  - Peng, Yuzhu
AU  - Zhou, Yi-Hua
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25753
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and the Risk to Health Care Workers: A Case Report
AU  - Ng, Kangqi
AU  - Poon, Beng Hoong
AU  - Kiat Puar, Troy Hai
AU  - Shan Quah, Jessica Li
AU  - Loh, Wann Jia
AU  - Wong, Yu Jun
AU  - Tan, Thean Yen
AU  - Raghuram, Jagadesan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of internal medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7326/L20-0175
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Potential impact of seasonal forcing on a SARS-CoV-2 pandemic
AU  - Neher, Richard A.
AU  - Dyrdak, Robert
AU  - Druelle, Valentin
AU  - Hodcroft, Emma B.
AU  - Albert, Jan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) first detected in Wuhan, China, has spread rapidly since December 2019, causing more than 100,000 confirmed infections and 4000 fatalities (as of 10 March 2020). The outbreak has been declared a pandemic by the WHO on Mar 11, 2020. Here, we explore how seasonal variation in transmissibility could modulate a SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Data from routine diagnostics show a strong and consistent seasonal variation of the four endemic coronaviruses (229E, HKU1, NL63, OC43) and we parameterise our model for SARS-CoV-2 using these data. The model allows for many subpopulations of different size with variable parameters. Simulations of different scenarios show that plausible parameters result in a small peak in early 2020 in temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere and a larger peak in winter 2020/2021. Variation in transmission and migration rates can result in substantial variation in prevalence between regions. While the uncertainty in parameters is large, the scenarios we explore show that transient reductions in the incidence rate might be due to a combination of seasonal variation and infection control efforts but do not necessarily mean the epidemic is contained. Seasonal forcing on SARS-CoV-2 should thus be taken into account in the further monitoring of the global transmission. The likely aggregated effect of seasonal variation, infection control measures, and transmission rate variation is a prolonged pandemic wave with lower prevalence at any given time, thereby providing a window of opportunity for better preparation of health care systems.
JO  - Swiss medical weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 150
IS  - 
PG  - w20224-w20224
SP  - w20224
EP  - w20224
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4414/smw.2020.20224
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Radiology Department Preparedness for COVID-19: Radiology Scientific Expert Panel
AU  - Mossa-Basha, Mahmud
AU  - Meltzer, Carolyn C.
AU  - Kim, Danny C.
AU  - Tuite, Michael J.
AU  - Kolli, K. Pallav
AU  - Tan, Bien Soo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 200988-200988
SP  - 200988
EP  - 200988
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1148/radiol.2020200988
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical characteristics of refractory COVID-19 pneumonia in Wuhan, China
AU  - Mo, Pingzheng
AU  - Xing, Yuanyuan
AU  - Xiao, Yu
AU  - Deng, Liping
AU  - Zhao, Qiu
AU  - Wang, Hongling
AU  - Xiong, Yong
AU  - Cheng, Zhenshun
AU  - Gao, Shicheng
AU  - Liang, Ke
AU  - Luo, Mingqi
AU  - Chen, Tielong
AU  - Song, Shihui
AU  - Ma, Zhiyong
AU  - Chen, Xiaoping
AU  - Zheng, Ruiying
AU  - Cao, Qian
AU  - Wang, Fan
AU  - Zhang, Yongxi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Since December 2019, novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2)-infected pneumonia (COVID-19) occurred in Wuhan, and rapidly spread throughout China. This study aimed to clarify the characteristics of patients with refractory COVID-19. METHODS: In this retrospective single-center study, we included 155 consecutive patients with confirmed COVID-19 in Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University from January 1st to February 5th. The cases were divided into general and refractory COVID-19 groups according to the clinical efficacy after hospitalization, and the difference between groups were compared. RESULTS: Compared with general COVID-19 patients (45.2%), refractory patients had an older age, male sex, more underlying comorbidities, lower incidence of fever, higher levels of maximum temperature among fever cases, higher incidence of breath shortness and anorexia, severer disease assessment on admission, high levels of neutrophil, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and C-reactive protein, lower levels of platelets and albumin, and higher incidence of bilateral pneumonia and pleural effusion (P<0.05). Refractory COVID-19 patients were more likely to receive oxygen, mechanical ventilation, expectorant, and adjunctive treatment including corticosteroid, antiviral drugs and immune enhancer (P<0.05). After adjustment, those with refractory COVID-19 were also more likely to have a male sex and manifestations of anorexia and fever on admission, and receive oxygen, expectorant and adjunctive agents (P<0.05) when considering the factors of disease severity on admission, mechanical ventilation, and ICU transfer. CONCLUSION: Nearly 50% COVID-19 patients could not reach obvious clinical and radiological remission within 10 days after hospitalization. The patients with male sex, anorexia and no fever on admission predicted poor efficacy.
JO  - Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa270
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Circular externa 0018 de 2020: Acciones de contención ante el COVID-19 y la prevención de enfermedades asociadas al primer pico epidemiológico de enfermedades respiratorias
AU  - Ministerio de Salud y Protección, Social
AU  - Ministerio del, Trabajo
AU  - Departamento Administrativo de la Función, Pública
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Ante la presencia de la enfermedad COVID-19 en Colombia, el Gobierno nacional se permite dar las siguientes instrucciones de intervención, respuesta y atención del COVID-19, complementarias a la impartidas en la Circular 0017 del 24 de febrero de 2020 del Ministerio del Trabajo, aplicables principalmente a los ambientes laborales.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 3-3
SP  - 3
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.minsalud.gov.co/sites/rid/Lists/BibliotecaDigital/RIDE/DE/DIJ/circular-0018-de-2020.pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Misión de repatriación de connacionales en riesgo de contagio al nuevo coronavirus COVID 19: procedimiento de desembarque y traslado de Catam a Oasis
AU  - Ministerio de Salud y Protección, Social
AU  - Instituto Nacional de, Salud
AU  - Fuerza Aérea, Colombiana
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objetivo: Establecer un procedimiento estandarizado que articule de manera organizada las acciones Interinstitucionales para llevar a cabo el desembarque de la aeronave de los connacionales, tripulación médica y tripulación de vuelo y que garantice la seguridad y mantenimiento de las condiciones de bioseguridad adecuadas para el traslado desde la plataforma de CATAM a OASIS.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 7-7
SP  - 7
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.minsalud.gov.co/sites/rid/Lists/BibliotecaDigital/RIDE/INEC/IGUB/procedimiento-desembarco-mrc.pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Social distancing prevents infections, but it can have unintended consequences
AU  - Miller, Greg
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In response to the coronavirus pandemic, public health officials are asking us to do something that does not come naturally to our very social species: Stay away from each other. Such social distancing—avoiding large gatherings and close contact with others—is crucial for slowing the spread of the virus and preventing our health care system from getting overwhelmed. But it won’t be easy.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb7506
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/03/we-are-social-species-how-will-social-distancing-affect-us
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Could enhanced influenza and pneumococcal vaccination programs help limit the potential damage from SARS-CoV-2 to fragile health systems of southern hemisphere countries this winter?
AU  - Mendelson, Marc
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.03.030
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971220301491
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: consider cytokine storm syndromes and immunosuppression
AU  - Mehta, Puja
AU  - McAuley, Daniel F.
AU  - Brown, Michael
AU  - Sanchez, Emilie
AU  - Tattersall, Rachel S.
AU  - Manson, Jessica J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30628-0
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673620306280
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prevalence and predictors of PTSS during COVID-19 Outbreak in China Hardest-hit Areas: Gender differences matter
AU  - Liu, Nianqi
AU  - Zhang, Fan
AU  - Wei, Cun
AU  - Jia, Yanpu
AU  - Shang, Zhilei
AU  - Sun, Luna
AU  - Wu, Lili
AU  - Sun, Zhuoer
AU  - Zhou, Yaoguang
AU  - Wang, Yan
AU  - Liu, Weizhi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of COVID-19 in China in December 2019 has been identified as a pandemic and a health emergency of global concern. Our objective was to investigate the prevalence and predictors of posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) in China hardest-hit areas during COVID-19 outbreak, especially exploring the gender difference existing in PTSS. One month after the December 2019 COVID-19 outbreak in Wuhan China, we surveyed PTSS and sleep qualities among 285 residents in Wuhan and surrounding cities using the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) and 4 items from the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Hierarchical regression analysis and non-parametric test were used to analyze the data. Results indicated that the prevalence of PTSS in China hardest-hit areas a month after the COVID-19 outbreak was 7%. Women reported significant higher PTSS in the domains of re-experiencing, negative alterations in cognition or mood, and hyper-arousal. Participants with better sleep quality or less frequency of early awakenings reported lower PTSS. Professional and effective mental health services should be designed in order to aid the psychological wellbeing of the population in affected areas, especially those living in hardest-hit areas, females and people with poor sleep quality. PTSD; epidemic disease; Sleep quality; Hierarchical regression analysis; Wuhan area
JO  - Psychiatry Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 112921-112921
SP  - 112921
EP  - 112921
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112921
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016517812030545X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Comparison of pathological changes and pathogenic mechanisms caused by H1N1 influenza virus, highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and 2019-nCoV coronavirus]
AU  - Liu, M.
AU  - Feng, R. E.
AU  - Li, Q.
AU  - Zhang, H. K.
AU  - Wang, Y. G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zhonghua bing li xue za zhi = Chinese journal of pathology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 40
IS  - 0
PG  - E006-E006
SP  - E006
EP  - E006
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20200301-00155
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Potential preanalytical and analytical vulnerabilities in the laboratory diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
AU  - Lippi, Giuseppe
AU  - Simundic, Ana-Maria
AU  - Plebani, Mario
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A novel zoonotic coronavirus outbreak is spreading all over the world. This pandemic disease has now been defined as novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and is sustained by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). As the current gold standard for the etiological diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection is (real time) reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) on respiratory tract specimens, the diagnostic accuracy of this technique shall be considered a foremost prerequisite. Overall, potential RT-PCR vulnerabilities include general preanalytical issues such as identification problems, inadequate procedures for collection, handling, transport and storage of the swabs, collection of inappropriate or inadequate material (for quality or volume), presence of interfering substances, manual errors, as well as specific aspects such as sample contamination and testing patients receiving antiretroviral therapy. Some analytical problems may also contribute to jeopardize the diagnostic accuracy, including testing outside the diagnostic window, active viral recombination, use of inadequately validated assays, insufficient harmonization, instrument malfunctioning, along with other specific technical issues. Some practical indications can hence be identified for minimizing the risk of diagnostic errors, encompassing the improvement of diagnostic accuracy by combining clinical evidence with results of chest computed tomography (CT) and RT-PCR, interpretation of RT-PCR results according to epidemiologic, clinical and radiological factors, recollection and testing of upper (or lower) respiratory specimens in patients with negative RT-PCR test results and high suspicion or probability of infection, dissemination of clear instructions for specimen (especially swab) collection, management and storage, together with refinement of molecular target(s) and thorough compliance with analytical procedures, including quality assurance.
JO  - Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1515/cclm-2020-0285
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Active smoking is not associated with severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
AU  - Lippi, Giuseppe
AU  - Henry, Brandon Michael
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Journal of Internal Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejim.2020.03.014
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0953620520301102
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Transmission of COVID-19 in the terminal stage of incubation period: a familial cluster
AU  - Li, Peng
AU  - Fu, Ji-Bo
AU  - Li, Ke-Feng
AU  - Chen, Yan
AU  - Wang, Hong-Ling
AU  - Liu, Lei-Jie
AU  - Liu, Jie-Nan
AU  - Zhang, Yong-Li
AU  - Liu, She-Lan
AU  - Tang, An
AU  - Tong, Zhen-Dong
AU  - Yan, Jian-Bo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We report a familial cluster of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) to evidence that a potential transmission of the COVID-19 during the incubation period. The first patient in this familial cluster was identified in presymptomatic period, as a close contact of a confirmed patient. Five family members had close contact with the first patient during his incubation period, four of them were confirmed to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in the subsequent sampling test.
JO  - International Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.03.027
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971220301466
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: the need for continuous medical education and training
AU  - Li, Li
AU  - Xv, Qianghong
AU  - Yan, Jing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Respiratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30125-9
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213260020301259
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - False-Negative Results of Real-Time Reverse-Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2: Role of Deep-Learning-Based CT Diagnosis and Insights from Two Cases
AU  - Li, Dasheng
AU  - Wang, Dawei
AU  - Dong, Jianping
AU  - Wang, Nana
AU  - Huang, He
AU  - Xu, Haiwang
AU  - Xia, Chen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The epidemic of 2019 novel coronavirus, later named as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is still gradually spreading worldwide. The nucleic acid test or genetic sequencing serves as the gold standard method for confirmation of infection, yet several recent studies have reported false-negative results of real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR). Here, we report two representative false-negative cases and discuss the supplementary role of clinical data with rRT-PCR, including laboratory examination results and computed tomography features. Coinfection with SARS-COV-2 and other viruses has been discussed as well.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3348/kjr.2020.0146
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical features of deaths in the novel coronavirus epidemic in China
AU  - Leung, Char
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In response to the recent novel coronavirus outbreak originating in Wuhan, Hubei province, China, observations concerning novel coronavirus mortality are of urgent public health importance. The present work presents the first review of the fatal novel coronavirus cases in China. Clinical data of fatal cases published by the Chinese Government were studied. As of 2 February 2020, the clinical data of 46 fatal cases were identified. The case fatality rate was significantly higher in Hubei province than the rest of China. While 67% of all deceased patients were male, gender was unlikely to be associated with mortality. Diabetes was likely to be associated with mortality. There is, however, not yet sufficient evidence to support the association between hypertension and mortality as similar prevalence of hypertension was also observed in the Hubei population.
JO  - Reviews in medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - e2103-e2103
SP  - e2103
EP  - e2103
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/rmv.2103
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Skin damage and the risk of infection among healthcare workers managing coronavirus disease-2019
AU  - Lan, Jiajia
AU  - Song, Zexing
AU  - Miao, Xiaoping
AU  - Li, Hang
AU  - Li, Yan
AU  - Dong, Liyun
AU  - Yang, Jing
AU  - An, Xiangjie
AU  - Zhang, Yamin
AU  - Yang, Liu
AU  - Zhou, Nuoya
AU  - Li, Jun
AU  - Cao, JingJiang
AU  - Wang, Jianxiu
AU  - Tao, Juan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.03.014
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How Should the Rehabilitation Community Prepare for 2019-nCoV?
AU  - Koh, Gerald Choon-Huat
AU  - Hoenig, Helen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - With the 2019-nCoV pandemic spreading quickly in USA and the world, it is urgent that the rehabilitation community quickly understands the epidemiology of the virus and what we can and must do to face this microbial adversary at the early stages of this likely long global pandemic. The 2019-nCoV is a novel virus so the majority of world’s population does not have prior immunity to it. It is more infectious and fatal than seasonal influenza, and definitive treatment and a vaccine are months away. Our arsenal against it are currently mainly social distancing and infection control measures.
JO  - Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2020.03.003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0003999320301532
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Rapidly increasing cumulative incidence of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in the European Union/European Economic Area and the United Kingdom, 1 January to 15 March 2020
AU  - Kinross, Pete
AU  - Suetens, Carl
AU  - Gomes Dias, Joana
AU  - Alexakis, Leonidas
AU  - Wijermans, Ariana
AU  - Colzani, Edoardo
AU  - Monnet, Dominique L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The cumulative incidence of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) cases is showing similar trends in European Union/European Economic Area countries and the United Kingdom confirming that, while at a different stage depending on the country, the COVID-19 pandemic is progressing rapidly in all countries. Based on the experience from Italy, countries, hospitals and intensive care units should increase their preparedness for a surge of patients with COVID-19 who will require healthcare, and in particular intensive care.
JO  - Eurosurveillance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.11.2000285
UR  - https://eurosurveillance.org/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.11.2000285
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recommendations for Anesthesia in Patients Suspected of Coronavirus 2019-nCoV Infection
AU  - Kim, Hyun Joo
AU  - Ko, Justin Sangwook
AU  - Kim, Tae-Yop
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Korean journal of anesthesiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4097/kja.20110
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - All eyes on Coronavirus-What do we need to know as ophthalmologists
AU  - Khanna, Rohit C.
AU  - Honavar, Santosh G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 68
IS  - 
PG  - 549-553
SP  - 549
EP  - 553
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4103/ijo.IJO_516_20
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Behavioral considerations and impact on personal protective equipment (PPE) use: Early lessons from the coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak
AU  - Kantor, Jonathan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.03.013
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Disease experts call for nationwide closure of U.S. schools and businesses to slow coronavirus
AU  - Kaiser, Jocelyn
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Infectious disease experts across the United States are calling for tougher enforcement of social distancing measures to slow the spread of the coronavirus behind the COVID-19 pandemic, including a nationwide closure of schools and nonessential businesses. Such a move would go beyond the spotty closures now in place in some states and major cities.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb7544
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/03/infectious-disease-experts-call-nationwide-closure-us-schools-and-business-slow
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Computed Tomographic Findings in COVID-19
AU  - Joob, Beuy
AU  - Wiwanitkit, Viroj
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3348/kjr.2020.0164
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Don’t rush to deploy COVID-19 vaccines and drugs without sufficient safety guarantees
AU  - Jiang, Shibo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We must urgently develop measures to tackle the new coronavirus — but safety always comes first, says Shibo Jiang.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 579, 321 (2020)
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00751-9
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00751-9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical features of pediatric patients with COVID-19: a report of two family cluster cases
AU  - Ji, Li-Na
AU  - Chao, Shuang
AU  - Wang, Yue-Jiao
AU  - Li, Xue-Jun
AU  - Mu, Xiang-Dong
AU  - Lin, Ming-Gui
AU  - Jiang, Rong-Meng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronovirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread rapidly across the globe. People of all ages are susceptible to COVID-19. However, literature reports on pediatric patients are limited. To improve the recognition of COVID-19 infection in children, we retrospectively reviewed two confirmed pediatric cases from two family clusters. Both clinical features and laboratory examination results of the children and their family members were described. The two confirmed children only presented with mild respiratory or gastrointestinal symptoms. Both of them had normal chest CT images. After general and symptomatic treatments, both children recovered quickly. Both families had travel histories to Hubei Province. Pediatric patients with COVID-19 are mostly owing to family cluster or with a close contact history. Infected children have relatively milder clinical symptoms than infected adults. We should attach importance to early recognition, early diagnosis, and early treatment of infected children.
JO  - World Journal of Pediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12519-020-00356-2
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12519-020-00356-2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Screening of faecal microbiota transplant donors during the COVID-19 outbreak: suggestions for urgent updates from an international expert panel
AU  - Ianiro, Gianluca
AU  - Mullish, Benjamin H.
AU  - Kelly, Colleen R.
AU  - Sokol, Harry
AU  - Kassam, Zain
AU  - Ng, Siew
AU  - Fischer, Monika
AU  - Allegretti, Jessica R.
AU  - Masucci, Luca
AU  - Zhang, Faming
AU  - Keller, Josbert
AU  - Sanguinetti, Maurizio
AU  - Costello, Samuel P.
AU  - Tilg, Herbert
AU  - Gasbarrini, Antonio
AU  - Cammarota, Giovanni
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2468-1253(20)30082-0
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-1253(20)30082-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - This is in connection with your call for the special issue Diabetes and COVID-19 Infection: Basic and Clinical Research
AU  - Hussain, Akhtar
AU  - do Vale Moreira, Nayla Cristina
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.03.005
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S187140212030045X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Managing COVID-19 in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
AU  - Hopman, Joost
AU  - Allegranzi, Benedetta
AU  - Mehtar, Shaheen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.4169
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus fulminant myocarditis saved with glucocorticoid and human immunoglobulin | European Heart Journal | Oxford Academic
AU  - Hongde Hu, Fenglian Ma Xin Wei Yuan Fang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A 37-year-old male patient was admitted to hospital on 14 January 2020, with chest pain and dyspnoea for 3 days, accompanied by diarrhoea. His blood pressure decreased to 80/50 mmHg. X-ray chest film showed significant enlargement of the heart (Panel A: cardiothoracic ratio 0.70). Chest computed tomography (CT) examination indicated pulmonary infection, enlarged heart, and pleural effusion (Panels B and C). The electrocardiogram suspected ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction (III, AVF ST-segment elevation, Panels D and E), an emergency CT coronary angiography revealed no coronary stenosis. Markers of myocardial injury were significantly elevated. Troponin T was more than 10 000 ng/L. Creatine kinase isoenzyme CKMB 112.9 ng/L. Natriuretic peptide BNP was up to 21 025 ng/L. Echocardiography revealed an enlarged heart and a marked decrease in ventricular systolic function [left ventricle (end diastolic) dimension (LV) 58 mm, left atrium dimension (LA) 39 mm, right ventricle dimension (RV) 25 mm, right atrium dimension (RA) 48 mm, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) 27%, trace 2 mm pericardial effusion]. Sputum was examined for 13 viral nucleic acids related to respiratory tract. Only the coronavirus nucleic acid test was positive. All of the other 12 nucleic acid tests were negative, including influenza A virus, adenovirus, bocavirus, rhinovirus, influenza A(H1N1) 2009, parainfluenza, chlamydia, partial pulmonary virus, influenza B virus, mycoplasma pneumoniae, influenza A virus H3N2, and respiratory syncytial virus. The diagnosis of this patient is coronavirus fulminant myocarditis with cardiogenic shock and pulmonary infection.
JO  - European Heart Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/advance-article/doi/10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa190/5807656?searchresult=1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Laboratory abnormalities in children with novel coronavirus disease 2019
AU  - Henry, Brandon Michael
AU  - Lippi, Giuseppe
AU  - Plebani, Mario
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1515/cclm-2020-0272
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The SARS-CoV-2 outbreak from a one health perspective
AU  - Hemida, Maged Gomaa
AU  - Ba Abduallah, Mohammed M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The SARS-CoV-2 is a new human coronavirus candidate recently detected in China that is now reported in people on inhabited continents. The virus shares a high level of identity with some bat coronaviruses and is recognised as a potentially zoonotic virus. We are utilizing the One Health concept to understand the emergence of the virus, as well as to point to some possible control strategies that might reduce the spread of the virus across the globe; thus, containment of such virus would be possible.
JO  - One Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 100127-100127
SP  - 100127
EP  - 100127
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.onehlt.2020.100127
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352771420300185
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Anesthetic Management of Patients Undergoing Aortic Dissection Repair with Suspected Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 Infection
AU  - He, Hao
AU  - Zhao, Shuai
AU  - Han, Linlin
AU  - Xia, Haifa
AU  - Huang, Xin
AU  - Yao, Shanglong
AU  - Huang, Jiapeng
AU  - Chen, Xiangdong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Summary Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-22 is still active in Wuhan, China, and is spreading to the rest of the world. Recently, perioperative anesthetic management in patients with suspected or confirmed coronavirus-2 have been reported. However, there is little report on the anesthetic management of patients undergoing aortic dissection repair with suspected severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infection. During the outbreak, our team has successfully completed four cases of aortic dissection repair in patients with suspected severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infection. The purpose of this report is to summarize current knowledge and experiences on anesthetic management in this patient population, and to provide clinical practice guidelines on anesthetic management, infection prevention and control in these critically ill patients.
JO  - Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2020.03.021
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053077020302706
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prominent changes in blood coagulation of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection
AU  - Han, Huan
AU  - Yang, Lan
AU  - Liu, Rui
AU  - Liu, Fang
AU  - Wu, Kai-Lang
AU  - Li, Jie
AU  - Liu, Xing-Hui
AU  - Zhu, Cheng-Liang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background As the number of patients increases, there is a growing understanding of the form of pneumonia sustained by the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), which has caused an outbreak in China. Up to now, clinical features and treatment of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 have been reported in detail. However, the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 and coagulation has been scarcely addressed. Our aim is to investigate the blood coagulation function of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods In our study, 94 patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were admitted in Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University. We prospectively collect blood coagulation data in these patients and in 40 healthy controls during the same period. Results Antithrombin values in patients were lower than that in the control group (p < 0.001). The values of D-dimer, fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products (FDP), and fibrinogen (FIB) in all SARS-CoV-2 cases were substantially higher than those in healthy controls. Moreover, D-dimer and FDP values in patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection were higher than those in patients with milder forms. Compared with healthy controls, prothrombin time activity (PT-act) was lower in SARS-CoV-2 patients. Thrombin time in critical SARS-CoV-2 patients was also shorter than that in controls. Conclusions The coagulation function in patients with SARS-CoV-2 is significantly deranged compared with healthy people, but monitoring D-dimer and FDP values may be helpful for the early identification of severe cases.
JO  - Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1515/cclm-2020-0188
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on the utilization of emergency dental services
AU  - Guo, Huaqiu
AU  - Zhou, Yin
AU  - Liu, Xiaoqiang
AU  - Tan, Jianguo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background/Purpose To assess how the current COVID-19 epidemic influenced peoples' utilization of emergency dental services in Beijing, China. Methods The first-visit patients seeking emergency dental services before or at the beginning of the COVID-19 epidemic were retrieved. Their demographic characteristics and the reasons for visiting were recorded and analyzed. Results There were 2,537 patients involved in this study. Thirty-eight percent fewer patients visited the dental urgency at the beginning of the COVID-19 epidemic than before. The distribution of dental problems has changed significantly. The proportion of dental and oral infection raised from 51.0% of pre-COVID-19 to 71.9% during COVID-19, and dental trauma decreased from 14.2% to 10.5%. Meanwhile, the non-urgency cases reduced to three-tenths of pre-COVID-19. Conclusion Within the limitation of this study, the COVID-19 epidemic had a strong influence on the utilization of emergency dental services.
JO  - Journal of Dental Sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jds.2020.02.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1991790220300209
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Sequence Homology and Bioinformatic Approach Can Predict Candidate Targets for Immune Responses to SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Grifoni, Alba
AU  - Sidney, John
AU  - Zhang, Yun
AU  - Scheuermann, Richard H.
AU  - Peters, Bjoern
AU  - Sette, Alessandro
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Summary Effective countermeasures against the recent emergence and rapid expansion of the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) require the development of data and tools to understand and monitor its spread and immune responses to it. However, little information is available about the targets of immune responses to SARS-CoV-2. We used the Immune Epitope Database and Analysis Resource (IEDB) to catalog available data related to other coronaviruses. This includes SARS-CoV, which has high sequence similarity to SARS-CoV-2 and is the best-characterized coronavirus in terms of epitope responses. We identified multiple specific regions in SARS-CoV-2 that have high homology to the SARS-CoV virus. Parallel bioinformatic predictions identified a priori potential B and T cell epitopes for SARS-CoV-2. The independent identification of the same regions using two approaches reflects the high probability that these regions are promising targets for immune recognition of SARS-CoV-2. These predictions can facilitate effective vaccine design against this virus of high priority.
JO  - Cell Host & Microbe
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2020.03.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1931312820301669
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Possible aerosol transmission of COVID-19 and special precautions in dentistry
AU  - Ge, Zi-yu
AU  - Yang, Lu-ming
AU  - Xia, Jia-jia
AU  - Fu, Xiao-hui
AU  - Zhang, Yan-zhen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since its emergence in December 2019, corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has impacted several countries, affecting more than 90 thousand patients and making it a global public threat. The routes of transmission are direct contact, and droplet and possible aerosol transmissions. Due to the unique nature of dentistry, most dental procedures generate significant amounts of droplets and aerosols, posing potential risks of infection transmission. Understanding the significance of aerosol transmission and its implications in dentistry can facilitate the identification and correction of negligence in daily dental practice. In addition to the standard precautions, some special precautions that should be implemented during an outbreak have been raised in this review.
JO  - Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE B
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-8
SP  - 1
EP  - 8
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1631/jzus.B2010010
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1631/jzus.B2010010
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A tug-of-war between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and host antiviral defence: lessons from other pathogenic viruses
AU  - Fung, Sin-Yee
AU  - Yuen, Kit-San
AU  - Ye, Zi-Wei
AU  - Chan, Chi-Ping
AU  - Jin, Dong-Yan
AU  - Li, Taisheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - World Health Organization has declared the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. The virus was named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Human infection with SARS-CoV-2 leads to a wide range of clinical manifestations ranging from asymptomatic, mild, moderate to severe. The severe cases present with pneumonia, which can progress to acute respiratory distress syndrome. The outbreak provides an opportunity for real-time tracking of an animal coronavirus that has just crossed species barrier to infect humans. The outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infection is largely determined by virus-host interaction. Here, we review the discovery, zoonotic origin, animal hosts, transmissibility and pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 in relation to its interplay with host antiviral defense. A comparison with SARS-CoV, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, community-acquired human coronaviruses and other pathogenic viruses including human immunodeficiency viruses is made. We summarize current understanding of the induction of a proinflammatory cytokine storm by other highly pathogenic human coronaviruses, their adaptation to humans and their usurpation of the cell death programmes. Important questions concerning the interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and host antiviral defence, including asymptomatic and presymptomatic virus shedding, are also discussed.
JO  - Emerging microbes & infections
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
PG  - 558-570
SP  - 558
EP  - 570
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/22221751.2020.1735265
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and mycoplasma pneumoniae coinfection
AU  - Fan, Bingwen Eugene
AU  - Lim, Kian Guan Eric
AU  - Chong, Vanessa Cui Lian
AU  - Chan, Stephrene Seok Wei
AU  - Ong, Kiat Hoe
AU  - Kuperan, Ponnudurai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - American journal of hematology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/ajh.25785
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Letter from the Editor: Occupational skin disease among healthcare workers during the Coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemic
AU  - Elston, Dirk M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.03.012
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How do we plan hematopoietic cell transplant and cellular therapy with the looming COVID-19 threat?
AU  - Dholaria, Bhagirathbhai
AU  - Savani, Bipin N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - British Journal of Haematology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/bjh.16597
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/bjh.16597
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Treatment of COVID-19: old tricks for new challenges
AU  - Cunningham, Anne Catherine
AU  - Goh, Hui Poh
AU  - Koh, David
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Critical Care
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 24
IS  - 1
PG  - 91-91
SP  - 91
EP  - 91
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s13054-020-2818-6
UR  - https://ccforum.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13054-020-2818-6
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Potentially repurposing adamantanes for COVID-19
AU  - Cimolai, Nevio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25752
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical Features and Chest CT Manifestations of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a Single-Center Study in Shanghai, China
AU  - Cheng, Zenghui
AU  - Lu, Yong
AU  - Cao, Qiqi
AU  - Qin, Le
AU  - Pan, Zilai
AU  - Yan, Fuhua
AU  - Yang, Wenjie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE. Confronting the new coronavirus infection known as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is challenging and requires excluding patients with suspected COVID-19 who actually have other diseases. The purpose of this study was to assess the clinical features and CT manifestations of COVID-19 by comparing patients with COVID-19 pneumonia with patients with non-COVID-19 pneumonia who presented at a fever observation department in Shanghai, China. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Patients were retrospectively enrolled in the study from January 19 through February 6, 2020. All patients underwent real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing. RESULTS. Eleven patients had RT-PCR test results that were positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, whereas 22 patients had negative results. No statistical difference in clinical features was observed (p > 0.05), with the exception of leukocyte and platelet counts (p < 0.05). The mean (± SD) interval between onset of symptoms and admission to the fever observation department was 4.40 ± 2.00 and 5.52 ± 4.00 days for patients with positive and negative RT-PCR test results, respectively. The frequency of opacifications in patients with positive results and patients with negative results, respectively, was as follows: ground-glass opacities (GGOs), 100.0% versus 90.9%; mixed GGO, 63.6% versus 72.7%; and consolidation, 54.5% versus 77.3%. In patients with positive RT-PCR results, GGOs were the most commonly observed opacification (seen in 100.0% of patients) and were predominantly located in the peripheral zone (100.0% of patients), compared with patients with negative results (31.8%) (p = 0.05). The median number of affected lung lobes and segments was higher in patients with positive RT-PCR results than in those with negative RT-PCR results (five vs 3.5 affected lobes and 15 vs nine affected segments; p < 0.05). Although the air bronchogram reticular pattern was more frequently seen in patients with positive results, centrilobular nodules were less frequently seen in patients with positive results. CONCLUSION. At the point during the COVID-19 outbreak when this study was performed, imaging patterns of multifocal, peripheral, pure GGO, mixed GGO, or consolidation with slight predominance in the lower lung and findings of more extensive GGO than consolidation on chest CT scans obtained during the first week of illness were considered findings highly suspicious of COVID-19.
JO  - AJR. American journal of roentgenology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-6
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2214/AJR.20.22959
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Safety and efficacy of different anesthetic regimens for parturients with COVID-19 undergoing Cesarean delivery: a case series of 17 patients
AU  - Chen, Rong
AU  - Zhang, Yuan
AU  - Huang, Lei
AU  - Cheng, Bi-heng
AU  - Xia, Zhong-yuan
AU  - Meng, Qing-tao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - To assess the management and safety of epidural or general anesthesia for Cesarean delivery in parturients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and their newborns, and to evaluate the standardized procedures for protecting medical staff. We retrospectively reviewed the cases of parturients diagnosed with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection disease (COVID-19). Their epidemiologic history, chest computed tomography scans, laboratory measurements, and SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid positivity were evaluated. We also recorded the patients’ demographic and clinical characteristics, anesthesia and surgery-related data, maternal and neonatal complications, as well as the health status of the involved medical staff. The clinical characteristics of 17 pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV-2 were similar to those previously reported in non-pregnant adult patients. All of the 17 patients underwent Cesarean delivery with anesthesia performed according to standardized anesthesia/surgery procedures. Fourteen of the patients underwent continuous epidural anesthesia with 12 experiencing significant intraoperative hypotension. Three patients received general anesthesia with tracheal intubation because emergency surgery was needed. Three of the parturients are still recovering from their Cesarean delivery and are receiving in-hospital treatment for COVID-19. Three neonates were born prematurely. There were no deaths or serious neonatal asphyxia events. All neonatal SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid tests were negative. No medical staff were infected throughout the patient care period. Both epidural and general anesthesia were safely used for Cesarean delivery in the parturients with COVID-19. Nevertheless, the incidence of hypotension during epidural anesthesia appeared excessive. Proper patient transfer, medical staff access procedures, and effective biosafety precautions are important to protect medical staff from COVID-19.
JO  - Canadian Journal of Anesthesia/Journal canadien d'anesthésie
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-9
SP  - 1
EP  - 9
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12630-020-01630-7
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12630-020-01630-7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Recommendations on the clinical management of the COVID-19 infection by the «new coronavirus» SARS-CoV2. Spanish Paediatric Association working group]
AU  - Calvo, Cristina
AU  - García López-Hortelano, Milagros
AU  - de Carlos Vicente, Juan Carlos
AU  - Vázquez Martínez, Jose Luis
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - On 31 December 2019, the Wuhan Municipal Committee of Health and Healthcare (Hubei Province, China) reported that there were 27 cases of pneumonia of unknown origin with symptoms starting on the 8 December. There were 7 serious cases with common exposure in market with shellfish, fish, and live animals, in the city of Wuhan. On 7 January 2020, the Chinese authorities identified that the agent causing the outbreak was a new type of virus of the Coronaviridae family, temporarily called «new coronavirus», 2019-nCoV. On January 30th, 2020, the World Health Organisation (WHO) declared the outbreak an International Emergency. On 11 February 2020 the WHO assigned it the name of SARS-CoV2 and COVID-19 (SARS-CoV2 and COVID-19). The Ministry of Health summoned the Specialties Societies to prepare a clinical protocol for the management of COVID-19. The Spanish Paediatric Association appointed a Working Group of the Societies of Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Paediatric Intensive Care to prepare the present recommendations with the evidence available at the time of preparing them.
JO  - Anales de pediatria (Barcelona, Spain : 2003)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.anpedi.2020.02.001
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Fluxograma para atendimento e detecção precoce de COVID-19 em pronto atendimento UPA 24 horas e unidade hospitalar não definida como referência
AU  - Brasil. Ministério da, Saúde
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://portalarquivos2.saude.gov.br/images/pdf/2020/marco/05/Fluxogramas-COVID-19-SAES-1.pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Plano de Contingência Nacional para Infecção Humana pelo novo Coronavírus COVID-19
AU  - Brasil. Ministério da, Saúde
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Este documento apresenta o Plano de Contingência Nacional para Infecção Humana pelo novo Coronavírus (COVID-19) em caso de surto e define o nível de resposta e a estrutura de comando correspondente a ser configurada, em cada nível de resposta. Em 29 de dezembro de 2019, um hospital em Wuhan admitiu quatro pessoas com pneumonia e reconheceu que as quatro haviam trabalhado no Mercado Atacadista de Frutos do Mar de Huanan, que vende aves vivas, produtos aquáticos e vários tipos de animais selvagens ao público. O hospital relatou essa ocorrência ao Centro de Controle de Doenças (CDC-China) e os epidemiologistas de campo da China (FETP-China) encontraram pacientes adicionais vinculados ao mercado e, em 30 de dezembro, as autoridades de saúde da província de Hubei notificaram esse cluster ao CDC da China. A partir desse momento uma série de ações foram adotadas, culminando com a ativação no dia 22 de janeiro de 2020 do Centro de Operações de Emergência em Saúde Pública (COE-COVID-19), do Ministério da Saúde (MS) coordenado pela Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde (SVS), com o objetivo de nortear a atuação do MS na resposta à possível emergência de saúde pública, buscando uma atuação coordenada no âmbito do SUS. O Brasil adota a ferramenta de classificação de emergência em três níveis, seguindo a mesma linha utilizada globalmente na preparação e resposta em todo o mundo. Deste modo, recomenda-se que as Secretarias de Saúde dos Municípios, Estados e Governo Federal, bem como serviços de saúde pública ou privada, agências, empresas tomem nota deste plano na elaboração de seus planos de contingência e medidas de resposta. Toda medida deve ser proporcional e restrita aos riscos vigentes.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://portalarquivos2.saude.gov.br/images/pdf/2020/fevereiro/13/plano-contingencia-coronavirus-COVID19.pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Impact of COVID-19 outbreak on rehabilitation services and Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine (PRM) physicians' activities in Italy. An official document of the Italian PRM Society (SIMFER)
AU  - Boldrini, Paolo
AU  - Bernetti, Andrea
AU  - Fiore, Pietro
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.23736/S1973-9087.20.06256-5
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Editorial Concern-Possible Reporting of the Same Patients With COVID-19 in Different Reports
AU  - Bauchner, Howard
AU  - Golub, Robert M.
AU  - Zylke, Jody
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.3980
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - A Generic Computer-Assisted Four-Pronged Approach for the Management of Emerging Global Pathogens: Some Comments on COVID-19
AU  - Basak, Subhash C.
AU  - Majumdar, Subhabrata
AU  - Vracko, Marjan
AU  - Nandy, Ashesh
AU  - Bhattacharjee, Apurba
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2174/1573409916999200316102548
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Era of molecular diagnosis for pathogen identification of unexplained pneumonia, lessons to be learned
AU  - Ai, Jing-Wen
AU  - Zhang, Yi
AU  - Zhang, Hao-Cheng
AU  - Xu, Teng
AU  - Zhang, Wen-Hong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Unexplained pneumonia (UP) caused by a novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) emerged in China in late December 2019 and has infected more than 9000 cases by 31 January 2020. Shanghai reported the first imported case of COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019) in 20 January 2020. A combinative approach of real-time RT-PCR, CRISPR-based assay and metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) were used to diagnose this unexplained pneumonia patient. Real-time RT-PCR and CRISPR-based assay both reported positive. This sample belonged to Betacoronavirus and shared a more than 99% nucleotide (nt) identity with the Wuhan SARS-CoV-2 isolates. We further compared pros and cons of common molecular diagnostics in UP. In this study, we illustrated the importance of combining molecular diagnostics to rule out common pathogens and performed mNGS to obtain unbiased potential pathogen result for the diagnosis of UP.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 
PG  - 597-600
SP  - 597
EP  - 600
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/22221751.2020.1738905
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 infection: origin, transmission, and characteristics of human coronaviruses
AU  - Adnan Shereen, Muhammad
AU  - Khan, Suliman
AU  - Kazmi, Abeer
AU  - Bashir, Nadia
AU  - Siddique, Rabeea
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) is a highly transmittable and pathogenic viral infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which emerged in Wuhan, China and spread around the world. Genomic analysis revealed that SARS-CoV-2 is phylogenetically related to severe acute respiratory syndrome-like (SARS-like) bat viruses, therefore bats could be the possible primary reservoir. The intermediate source of origin and transfer to humans is not known, however, the rapid human to human transfer has been confirmed widely. There is no clinically approved antiviral drug or vaccine available to be used against COVID-19. However, few broad-spectrum antiviral drugs have been evaluated against COVID-19 in clinical trials, resulted in clinical recovery. In the current review, we summarize and comparatively analyze the emergence and pathogenicity of COVID-19 infection and previous human coronaviruses severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). We also discuss the approaches for developing effective vaccines and therapeutic combinations to cope with this viral outbreak.
JO  - Journal of Advanced Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2020.03.005
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2090123220300540
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Report on the Epidemiological Features of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak in the Republic of Korea from January 19 to March 2, 2020
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since the first case of coronavirus disease19 (COVID-19) was reported in Wuhan, China, as of March 2, 2020, the total number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 was 89,069 cases in 67 countries and regions. As of 0 am, March 2, 2020, the Republic of Korea had the second-largest number of confirmed cases (n = 4,212) after China (n = 80,026). This report summarizes the epidemiologic features and the snapshots of the outbreak in the Republic of Korea from January 19 and March 2, 2020.
JO  - Journal of Korean medical science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 35
IS  - 10
PG  - e112-e112
SP  - e112
EP  - e112
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e112
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A potential protective role of Losartan against coronavirus induced lung damage
AU  - Zeinalian, Mehrdad
AU  - Salari-Jazi, Azhar
AU  - Jannesari, Amin
AU  - Khanahmad, Hossein
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-6
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/ice.2020.80
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/potential-protective-role-of-losartan-against-coronavirus-induced-lung-damage/196AA8922246C70F26BC8F0B72C6533A
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - What Should Gastroenterologists and Patients Know About COVID-19?
AU  - Ungaro, Ryan C.
AU  - Sullivan, Timothy
AU  - Colombel, Jean-Frederic
AU  - Patel, Gopi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2020.03.020
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S154235652030330X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - What China’s coronavirus response can teach the rest of the world
AU  - Cyranoski, David
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Researchers are studying the effects of China's lockdowns to glean insights about controlling the viral pandemic.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00741-x
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00741-x
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - What are we doing in the dermatology outpatient department amidst the raging of the 2019 novel coronavirus?
AU  - Chen, Y.
AU  - Pradhan, S.
AU  - Xue, S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 82
IS  - 4
PG  - 1034
SP  - 1034
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.02.030
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005197770 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2020.02.030
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Under the epidemic situation of COVID-19, should special attention to pregnant women be given?
AU  - Jiao, Jian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The sudden outbreak and spread of COVID-19 in this spring led to a serious challenge to the global public health system. So far, the number of cases in the mainland of China has exceeded 80,000. In addition to China's neighboring countries like Japan, South Korea, Thailand and India, severe outbreaks have occurred in Italy and many other countries around the world. As dated on 12(th) Mar., WHO statistics showed that the confirmed cases reported outside China rise to more than 30,000. No epidemiological data on the prevalence and proportion of severe cases in pregnant women has been reported till now. This commentary gives some opinions on the issues that may be faced by three groups of pregnant population, i.e. late pregnancy, early and middle pregnancy and pregnant medical staff. Hoping to provide ideas for the development of relevant research and policy making. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25771
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Treatment to prevent the development of severe COVID-19
AU  - Imai, Yumiko
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The respiratory virus infection COVID-19 caused by the new coronavirus SARS-CoV2 has been reported in China since December 2019. It has been reported that COVID-19 tends to be more severe in the elderly and in patients with underlying diseases including diabetes, heart disease, and chronic lung disease. In severe cases, patients require intensive cares including mechanical ventilation in the ICUs. So far, no biomarker that predicts the severity, or no therapeutic strategies to prevent the development of severe diseases has been established. Pathology of severe COVID-19 has two aspects: viral overgrowth and excess pulmonary inflammation. For the former, clinical trials using existing drugs such as remdesivir (nucleic acid drug), lopinavir/ritonavir combination drug (protease inhibitor), favipravir (polymerase inhibitor), and interferon (antiviral drugs) are being conducted in patients with severe COVID-19 in China. Furthermore the interest has been focused on immune globulin preparations enriched with pathogen-specific antibodies collected from the plasma of recovered patients. For the latter, clinical studies using tocilizumab (IL-6 receptor antibody) and ACE2 protein have been conducted with the purpose of reducing excessive inflammation of the lung. In addition, single cell analysis of immune cells and comprehensive repertoire analysis of TCR/BCR using patient blood are in progress overseas, which are useful to elucidate the mechanism of the severe disease progression and identify the useful biomarkers for it.
JO  - Proceedings for Annual Meeting of The Japanese Pharmacological Society
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 93
IS  - 0
PG  - 2-ES-4
SP  - 2
EP  - ES
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1254/jpssuppl.93.0_2-ES-4
UR  - https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jpssuppl/93/0/93_2-ES-4/_article/-char/ja/
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Transmission potential and severity of COVID-19 in South Korea
AU  - Shim, Eunha
AU  - Tariq, Amna
AU  - Choi, Wongyeong
AU  - Lee, Yiseul
AU  - Chowell, Gerardo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objectives Since the first case of 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) identified on Jan 20, 2020 in South Korea, the number of cases rapidly increased, resulting in 6,284 cases including 42 deaths as of March 6, 2020. To examine the growth rate of the outbreak, we aimed to present the first study to report the reproduction number of COVID-19 in South Korea. Methods The daily confirmed cases of COVID-19 in South Korea were extracted from publicly available sources. By using the empirical reporting delay distribution and simulating the generalized growth model, we estimated the effective reproduction number based on the discretized probability distribution of the generation interval. Results We identified four major clusters and estimated the reproduction number at 1.5 (95% CI: 1.4-1.6). In addition, the intrinsic growth rate was estimated at 0.6 (95% CI: 0.6, 0.7) and the scaling of growth parameter was estimated at 0.8 (95% CI: 0.7, 0.8), indicating sub-exponential growth dynamics of COVID-19. The crude case fatality rate is higher among males (1.1%) compared to females (0.4%) and increases with older age. Conclusions Our results indicate early sustained transmission of COVID-19 in South Korea and support the implementation of social distancing measures to rapidly control the outbreak.
JO  - International Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.03.031
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971220301508
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - To control the covid-19 outbreak, young, healthy patients should avoid the emergency department
AU  - Karan, Abraar
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Young, healthy people with symptoms of covid-19 can help to prevent outbreaks in emergency departments where our society’s sickest will be seeking care, says Abraar Karan The situation with covid-19 is quickly evolving and coming to a critical point. As public health experts and doctors, it’s been worrying to see the rapid spread of the virus and the relatively high hospitalisation rates—especially of those needing to be admitted to intensive care units. In these early phases of the epidemic, the case fatality rate is turning out to be much higher than seasonal flu. As we begin to see bigger outbreaks in more major cities, we are going to need a smart, systems level response, particularly while we don’t have a vaccine, cure, or rapid diagnostic tests available. One critical action will be for young, healthy patients with mild symptoms of fever, cough, and shortness of breath, who may have covid-19, to avoid going to …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1040-m1040
SP  - m1040
EP  - m1040
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1040
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1040
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Tabletop exercise to prepare institutions of higher education for an outbreak of COVID-19
AU  - Wendelboe, Aaron M.
AU  - Miller, Amanda
AU  - Drevets, Douglas
AU  - Salinas, Linda
AU  - Miller, E. J.
AU  - Jackson, Dalton
AU  - Chou, Ann
AU  - Raines, Jill
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Complete Table Top Exercise Manual.
JO  - Journal of emergency management (Weston, Mass.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 18
IS  - 2
PG  - S1-S20
SP  - S1
EP  - S20
AN  - 
DO  - 10.5055/jem.2020.0464
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Successful recovery of COVID-19 pneumonia in a renal transplant recipient with long-term immunosuppression
AU  - Zhu, Lan
AU  - Xu, Xizhen
AU  - Ma, Ke
AU  - Yang, Junling
AU  - Guan, Hanxiong
AU  - Chen, Song
AU  - Chen, Zhishui
AU  - Chen, Gang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The current outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has raised great concern worldwide, but its impact on transplant recipients is unknown. We report here the clinical features and therapeutic course of the first reported renal transplant recipient with confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia. This is a 52-year-old man who received kidney transplantation 12 years ago. His overall clinical characteristics (symptoms, laboratory examinations, and chest CT) were similar to those of non-transplanted COVID-19 patients. Following a treatment regimen consisting of reduced immunosuppressant use and low dose methylprednisolone-based therapy, the COVID-19 pneumonia in this long-term immunosuppressive patient was successfully recovered. This effectively treated case has reference value for the future treatment of other transplant patients with COVID-19 pneumonia.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/ajt.15869
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Successful containment of COVID-19: the WHO-Report on the COVID-19 outbreak in China
AU  - Salzberger, Bernd
AU  - Glück, Thomas
AU  - Ehrenstein, Boris
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - SARS-CoV-2 is a new Coronavirus, with first infections detected in humans late in 2019. The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 has led to a large outbreak in China and is currently causing outbreaks in many countries. The disease spectrum ranges from uncomplicated upper respiratory tract infections to severe viral pneumonia with multiorgan failure and death. It can be transmitted by droplets from asymptomatic or oligosymptomatic patients and possibly through aerosols in health care environments. The route of transmission and the spectrum of disease (COVID-19) has motivated many researchers to use models of influenza outbreaks or pandemics to forecast outbreaks of SARS-CoV-2 by analogy. The epicenter of China’s outbreak has been Wuhan and the Hubei province. The Chinese government has restricted travel from and to Hubei province and has implemented a number of measures to contain the outbreak. Meanwhile, the number of new cases per day in China is falling. A WHO mission has visited China and Wuhan to report on the outbreak. They corroborated the outbreak dynamic and case count reported by the Chinese government [2].
JO  - Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s15010-020-01409-4
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s15010-020-01409-4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Strategies shift as coronavirus pandemic looms: The virus seems unstoppable, but mitigating its speed and impact is possible
AU  - Cohen, J.
AU  - Kupferschmidt, K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 367
IS  - 6481
PG  - 962-963
SP  - 962
EP  - 963
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.367.6481.962
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005118218 http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.367.6481.962
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The spread of the COVID-19 coronavirus: Health agencies worldwide prepare for the seemingly inevitability of the COVID-19 coronavirus becoming endemic
AU  - Hunter, Philip
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - While it is too late to confine the COVID-19 coronovirus outbreak to China, a wealth of data spurs epidemiological and vaccine research.
JO  - EMBO reports
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - e50334-e50334
SP  - e50334
EP  - e50334
AN  - 
DO  - 10.15252/embr.202050334
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The spread of the COVID-19 coronavirus
AU  - Hunter, Philip
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - While it is too late to confine the COVID-19 coronovirus outbreak to China, a wealth of data spurs epidemiological and vaccine research.
JO  - EMBO reports
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - e50334-e50334
SP  - e50334
EP  - e50334
AN  - 
DO  - 10.15252/embr.202050334
UR  - https://doi.org/10.15252/embr.202050334
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Safe patient transport for COVID-19
AU  - Liew, Mei Fong
AU  - Siow, Wen Ting
AU  - Yau, Ying Wei
AU  - See, Kay Choong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Critical Care
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 24
IS  - 1
PG  - 94-94
SP  - 94
EP  - 94
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s13054-020-2828-4
UR  - https://ccforum.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13054-020-2828-4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Role of the American Heart Association in the Global COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Elkind, Mitchell S.
AU  - Harrington, Robert A.
AU  - Benjamin, Ivor J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.046749
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Risk Factors of Healthcare Workers with Corona Virus Disease 2019: A Retrospective Cohort Study in a Designated Hospital of Wuhan in China
AU  - Ran, Li
AU  - Chen, Xuyu
AU  - Wang, Ying
AU  - Wu, Wenwen
AU  - Zhang, Ling
AU  - Tan, Xiaodong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) originated in Wuhan, China has caused many healthcare workers (HCWs) infected. Seventy-two HCWs manifested with acute respiratory illness were retrospectively enrolled to analyze the risk factors. The high-risk department, longer duty hours, and suboptimal hand hygiene after contacting with patients were linked to COVID-19.
JO  - Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa287
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Promoting biosecurity by professionalizing biosecurity A credential system could improve policy and practice
AU  - Moritz, R. L.
AU  - Berger, K. M.
AU  - Owen, B. R.
AU  - Gillum, D. R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 367
IS  - 6480
PG  - 856-858
SP  - 856
EP  - 858
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.aba0376
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005118194 http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aba0376
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prisons and custodial settings are part of a comprehensive response to COVID-19
AU  - Kinner, Stuart A.
AU  - Young, Jesse T.
AU  - Snow, Kathryn
AU  - Southalan, Louise
AU  - Lopez-Acuña, Daniel
AU  - Ferreira-Borges, Carina
AU  - O'Moore, Éamonn
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30058-X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30058-X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with decompensated cirrhosis
AU  - Xiao, Yong
AU  - Pan, Hong
AU  - She, Qian
AU  - Wang, Fen
AU  - Chen, Mingkai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2468-1253(20)30080-7
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-1253(20)30080-7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Potential maternal and infant outcomes from coronavirus 2019-NCOV (SARS-CoV-2) infecting pregnant women: Lessons from SARS, MERS, and other human coronavirus infections
AU  - Schwartz, D. A.
AU  - Graham, A. L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In early December 2019 a cluster of cases of pneumonia of unknown cause was identified in Wuhan, a city of 11 million persons in the People’s Republic of China. Further investigation revealed these cases to result from infection with a newly identified coronavirus, initially termed 2019-nCoV and subsequently SARS-CoV-2. The infection moved rapidly through China, spread to Thailand and Japan, extended into adjacent countries through infected persons travelling by air, eventually reaching multiple countries and continents. Similar to such other coronaviruses as those causing the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), the new coronavirus was reported to spread via natural aerosols from human-to-human. In the early stages of this epidemic the case fatality rate is estimated to be approximately 2%, with the majority of deaths occurring in special populations. Unfortunately, there is limited experience with coronavirus infections during pregnancy, and it now appears certain that pregnant women have become infected during the present 2019-nCoV epidemic. In order to assess the potential of the Wuhan 2019-nCoV to cause maternal, fetal and neonatal morbidity and other poor obstetrical outcomes, this communication reviews the published data addressing the epidemiological and clinical effects of SARS, MERS, and other coronavirus infections on pregnant women and their infants. Recommendations are also made for the consideration of pregnant women in the design, clinical trials, and implementation of future 2019-nCoV vaccines.
JO  - Viruses
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 12
IS  - 2
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/v12020194
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005160166 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12020194
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - positive impact of lockdown in Wuhan on containing the COVID-19 outbreak in China | Journal of Travel Medicine | Oxford Academic
AU  - Hien Lau, B. S. Veria Khosrawipour Associate Professor Piotr Kocbach PhD Agata Mikolajczyk D. V. M. Justyna Schubert PhD Jacek Bania Professor Tanja Khosrawipour M. D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background With its epicenter in Wuhan, China, the COVID-19 outbreak was declared a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) by the World Health Organization (WHO). Consequently, many countries have implemented flight restrictions to China. China itself has imposed a lockdown of the population of Wuhan as well as the entire Hubei province. However, whether these two enormous measures have led to significant changes in the spread of COVID-19 cases remains unclear. Methods We analyzed available data on the development of confirmed domestic and international COVID-19 cases before and after lockdown measures. We evaluated the correlation of domestic air traffic to the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases and determined the growth curves of COVID-19 cases within China before and after lockdown as well as after changes in COVID-19 diagnostic criteria. Results Our findings indicate a significant increase in doubling time from 2 days (95% Confidence Interval, CI): 1.9–2.6), to 4 days (95% CI: 3.5–4.3), after imposing lockdown. A further increase is detected after changing diagnostic and testing methodology to 19.3 (95% CI: 15.1–26.3), respectively. Moreover, the correlation between domestic air traffic and COVID-19 spread became weaker following lockdown (before lockdown: r = 0.98, p < 0.05 vs. after lockdown: r = 0.91, p = NS). Conclusions A significantly decreased growth rate and increased doubling time of cases was observed, which is most likely due to Chinese lockdown measures. A more stringent confinement of people in high risk areas seem to have a potential to slow down the spread of COVID-19.
JO  - Journal of Travel Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/jtm/advance-article/doi/10.1093/jtm/taaa037/5808003?searchresult=1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The positive impact of lockdown in Wuhan on containing the COVID-19 outbreak in China
AU  - Lau, Hien
AU  - Khosrawipour, Veria
AU  - Kocbach, Piotr
AU  - Mikolajczyk, Agata
AU  - Schubert, Justyna
AU  - Bania, Jacek
AU  - Khosrawipour, Tanja
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: With its epicenter in Wuhan, China, the COVID-19 outbreak was declared a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) by the World Health Organization (WHO). Consequently, many countries have implemented flight restrictions to China. China itself has imposed a lockdown of the population of Wuhan as well as the entire Hubei province. However, whether these two enormous measures have led to significant changes in the spread of COVID-19 cases remains unclear. METHODS: We analyzed available data on the development of confirmed domestic and international COVID-19 cases before and after lockdown measures. We evaluated the correlation of domestic air traffic to the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases and determined the growth curves of COVID-19 cases within China before and after lockdown as well as after changes in COVID-19 diagnostic criteria. RESULTS: Our findings indicate a significant increase in doubling time from 2 days (95% Confidence Interval, CI): 1.9-2.6), to 4 days (95% CI: 3.5-4.3), after imposing lockdown. A further increase is detected after changing diagnostic and testing methodology to 19.3 (95% CI: 15.1-26.3), respectively. Moreover, the correlation between domestic air traffic and COVID-19 spread became weaker following lockdown (before lockdown: r = 0.98, p < 0.05 vs. after lockdown: r = 0.91, p = NS). CONCLUSIONS: A significantly decreased growth rate and increased doubling time of cases was observed, which is most likely due to Chinese lockdown measures. A more stringent confinement of people in high risk areas seem to have a potential to slow down the spread of COVID-19.
JO  - Journal of travel medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/jtm/taaa037
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio is associated with prognosis in patients with Corona Virus Disease-19
AU  - Qu, Rong
AU  - Ling, Yun
AU  - Zhang, Yi-Huizhi
AU  - Wei, Li-Ya
AU  - Chen, Xiao
AU  - Li, Xumian
AU  - Liu, Xuan-Yong
AU  - Liu, Han-Mian
AU  - Guo, Zhi
AU  - Ren, Hua
AU  - Wang, Qiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - INTRODUCTION: SinceDecember 2019, novelcoronavirus infected pneumonia emerged in Wuhan city and rapidly spread throughout China. In severe novel coronavirus pneumonia cases, the number of platelets, their dynamic changes during the treatment, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio(PLR)were a concern. We sought to describe platelet feature of these cases. METHODS: Single-center case series of the 30 hospitalized patients with confirmed Corona Virus Disease(COVID)-19 in Huizhou municipal central hospitalfrom January 2020 to February 2020 were retrospectively analysed. Demographic, clinical, blood routine results, other laborotary results and treatment date were collected and analyzed. Outcomes of severe patients and non-severe patients were compared. RESULTS: Univariate analysis showed that: age, platelet peaks and PLR at peak platelet were the influencing factors in severe patients,multivariate analysis showed that the PLR value at peak platelet during treatment was an independent influencing factor in severe patients.The average hospitalization day of patients with platelet peaks during treatment were longer than those without platelet peaks(P<0.05).The average age of patients with platelet peaks during treatment were older than those without platelet peaks(P<0.05). The patients with significantly elevated platelets during treatment had longer average hospitalization day. And the higher PLR of patients during treatment had longer average hospitalization day. CONCLUSION: Single-center case series of the 30 hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19 in Huizhou municipal central hospital, presumed that the number of platelets and their dynamic changes during the treatment may have suggestion on the severity and prognosis of disease. The patient with markedly elevated platelets and longer average hospitalization day may be related to the cytokine storm. The PLR of patients means the degree of cytokine storm, which might provide a new indicator in the monitoring in patients with COVID-19. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25767
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Perinatal Transmission of COVID-19 Associated SARS-CoV-2: Should We Worry?
AU  - Fan, Cuifang
AU  - Lei, Di
AU  - Fang, Congcong
AU  - Li, Chunyan
AU  - Wang, Ming
AU  - Liu, Yuling
AU  - Bao, Yan
AU  - Sun, Yanmei
AU  - Huang, Jinfa
AU  - Guo, Yuping
AU  - Yu, Ying
AU  - Wang, Suqing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We presented two cases of COVID-19 associated SARS-CoV-2 infection during third trimester of pregnancy. Both mothers and newborns had excellent outcomes. We failed to identify SARS-CoV-2 in all the products of conception and the newborns. This report provided evidence of low risk of intrauterine infection by vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2.
JO  - Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa226
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pay attention to SARS-CoV-2 infection in children
AU  - Xie, Zhengde
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - PEDIATRIC INVESTIGATION
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 4
IS  - 1
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/ped4.12178
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/ped4.12178
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - On the front lines of coronavirus: the Italian response to covid-19
AU  - Paterlini, Marta
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Italy has rapidly become the country hit second hardest in the world by the coronavirus pandemic. Marta Paterlini reports on the front lines of a country in total lockdown “Patient 1” can breathe on his own after more than two weeks in intensive care for severe pneumonia. The 38 year old marathon runner, admitted to hospital on 21 February 2020, is believed to be the source of local transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for covid-19) in Italy, now the country with the second highest number of deaths from the virus in the world. The resulting government imposed state of emergency lockdown, which started in northern Italy and has expanded to the whole country, will last until at least 3 April in an attempt to contain a contagion that has, at the time of writing, infected over 24 747 people (including at least 2026 healthcare staff) and killed 1809. The fatality rate of 7.2 is now higher than in China (3.8).1 The outbreak is having catastrophic effects on the Italian economy, which is likely to plunge into a recession, as well as social and psychological effects on the population. Government officials, however, have decided that public health should take priority, as health authorities have raised concerns over a shortage of places in intensive care units. Massimo Galli, chief physician for infectious diseases at Luigi Sacco Hospital in Milan, told The BMJ , “We had bad luck. I am convinced that the virus circulated …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1065-m1065
SP  - m1065
EP  - m1065
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1065
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1065
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Nonstructural proteins of Novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2)
AU  - Kamitani, Wataru
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Coronaviruses (CoVs) are pathogens that infect a large variety of vertebrate animals, resulting in mainly respiratory and enteric diseases. An epidemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) occurred in China in 2002, and the causative agent was designated as SARS-CoV. Ten years after the SARS outbreak, another highly pathogenic human CoV, designated as Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)-CoV, emerged in Saudi Arabia. Now, we faces on an epidemic of Novel coronavirus, (SARS-CoV-2).The nonstructural protein (nsp) 1 of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV are the most studied among CoVs and are known to inhibit host gene expression by translational shutoff and host mRNA degradation. This two-pronged strategy of nsp1 inhibits expression of the IFN gene. Murine models of SARS-CoV have revealed that the dysregulated type I IFN response is a key factor for inducing lethal pneumonia. These accumulated data indicate that the nsp1 of CoV is a major virulence factor. We speculate that the nsp1 of SARS-CoV-2 has similar function to SARS and MERS-CoV.
JO  - Proceedings for Annual Meeting of The Japanese Pharmacological Society
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 93
IS  - 0
PG  - 2-ES-2
SP  - 2
EP  - ES
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1254/jpssuppl.93.0_2-ES-2
UR  - https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jpssuppl/93/0/93_2-ES-2/_article/-char/ja/
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - New data on the 2019 nCoV: Transmission during the incubation period is possible
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Deutsche Apotheker Zeitung
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 6
PG  - 1DUMMUY
SP  - 1DUMMUY
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005085354
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The initial response of the laboratory diagnosis team to SARS-CoV-2 in Japan and the current situation
AU  - Takeda, Makoto
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019 a pneumonia outbreak by the novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, occurred in Wuhan City, China. The disease was named as COVID-19. Information on the SARS-CoV-2 genomic sequence was first released on 10 January 2020. We urgently started development of genetic diagnostic methods for SARS-CoV-2. On 14 January, soon after receiving the prototype designed primers, we have received the first clinical specimens suspected for COVID-19. We urgently started assessment of the primers and the laboratory diagnosis testing for SARS-CoV-2 in a parallel way. After the nightlong assessment/testing, the first COVID19 case in Japan was confirmed. The patient was a returnee from Wuhan. Until 22 January, we have established the nested RT-PCR diagnostic method/protocol for SARS-CoV-2, and urgently distributed the primer set/protocol to ～ 80 prefectural public health laboratories (PHLs) nationwide, because the Chun Jie holidays starts in China on 24 January and many Chinese tourists visit Japan. As we concerned, sporadic COVID-19 cases with an epidemiological linkage to Wuhan have detected in Tokyo, Aichi, Nara, Hokkaido, and Osaka prefectures after 24 January. Following the nested RT-PCR method, we have established the real-time RT-PCR diagnostic methods for SARS-CoV-2, and distributed the primer/probe set to ～ 80 PHLs on 30–31 January. However, the laboratory workload increased dramatically, because Japan has started to accept 829 returnees (15 were shown to be SARS-CoV-2-positive later) from Wuhan using government chartered flights on 29 January and screen ～3,500 passengers and crew (&gt;600 were shown to be SARS-CoV-2-positive later) on a cruise ship quarantined in Yokohama for SARS-CoV-2. About one month and a half has passed, a significant number of COVID-19 cases via unknown infection route are currently detected in many prefectures in Japan (total 239 cases, as of 2 March 2020).
JO  - Proceedings for Annual Meeting of The Japanese Pharmacological Society
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 93
IS  - 0
PG  - 2-ES-1
SP  - 2
EP  - ES
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1254/jpssuppl.93.0_2-ES-1
UR  - https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jpssuppl/93/0/93_2-ES-1/_article/-char/ja/
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - In silico approaches to drug repositioning for COVID-19 at AMED-BINDS
AU  - Hirokawa, Takatsugu
AU  - Masakazu, Sekijima
AU  - Tanaka, Shigenori
AU  - Nakamura, Haruki
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract In silico prediction based on the protein structures of SARS-CoV2 is effective to find the putative drug candidates from the approved drugs, as drug repositioning. The main protease, 3CL protease, of SARS-Cov2 is essential for proteolytic maturation of the virus, and inhibiting its function could prevent the COVID-19 spreading. Here, recent activities in the in-silico unit of AMED-BINDS are introduced. Hirokawa et al. adopted an in silico docking-based screening approach, which combines molecular docking with a protein-ligand interaction fingerprint (PLIF) scoring method, utilizing the crystal structure of SARS-Cov2 3CL protease (PDB: 6LU7) and a database of known drugs (KEGG-Drug). Selected drugs have the binding modes similar to PLIF of the known active N3 inhibitors with favorable docking scores. They identified one hundred and several dozen potentially candidate drugs for 3CL protease inhibitors, which are already approved as antiviral, HIV protease inhibitors, antibacterial or antineoplastic agents. Sekijima et al. analyzed the interactions between 3CL protease and the drug candidate compounds using molecular dynamics simulation. Through this study, they aim to elucidate the interactions between 3CL protease and the drugs. The chemical compound libraries in AMED-BINDS will also be available in the future assay studies.
JO  - Proceedings for Annual Meeting of The Japanese Pharmacological Society
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 93
IS  - 0
PG  - 2-ES-3
SP  - 2
EP  - ES
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1254/jpssuppl.93.0_2-ES-3
UR  - https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jpssuppl/93/0/93_2-ES-3/_article/-char/ja/
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Improving epidemic surveillance and response: big data is dead, long live big data
AU  - Buckee, Caroline
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Digital Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2589-7500(20)30059-5
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2589-7500(20)30059-5
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Impact of new coronavirus epidemics on HIV-infected patients
AU  - Soriano, V.
AU  - Barreiro, P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since the first report of a cluster of pneumonia cases in Wuhan (China) at the end of 2019 due to a new airborne highly transmissible coronavirus known as SARS-CoV-2, large-scale spreading has rapidly become a global concern. Up to the end of February 2020, more than 85,000 cases had been confirmed worldwide, mostly in China, with more than 3,000 deaths. Figures are increasing on a daily basis, being unpredictable what will happen next. Table 1 summarizes figures for major outbreaks due to acute viral infections recorded during the past 50 years.
JO  - AIDS Reviews
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 22
IS  - 1
PG  - 57-58
SP  - 57
EP  - 58
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2003988484
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Impact of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak on ST-Segment-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Care in Hong Kong, China
AU  - Tam, Chor-Cheung Frankie
AU  - Cheung, Kent-Shek
AU  - Lam, Simon
AU  - Wong, Anthony
AU  - Yung, Arthur
AU  - Sze, Michael
AU  - Lam, Yui-Ming
AU  - Chan, Carmen
AU  - Tsang, Tat-Chi
AU  - Tsui, Matthew
AU  - Tse, Hung-Fat
AU  - Siu, Chung-Wah
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - CIRCOUTCOMES120006631-CIRCOUTCOMES120006631
SP  - CIRCOUTCOMES120006631
EP  - CIRCOUTCOMES120006631
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.120.006631
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Helen Salisbury: What might we learn from the covid-19 pandemic?
AU  - Salisbury, Helen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Events are moving so quickly that whatever I write today (15 March) is likely to be out of date by the time it’s printed. Last week most GPs realised that waiting for instructions was inappropriate, so we’ve radically rearranged and reprioritised our work. Perhaps the first lesson I’ve learnt is that it’s OK to be brave about making disruptive decisions. Although I may get it wrong, doing nothing is likely to be riskier. Looking ahead, old fashioned GPs like me may undergo a rapid conversion to remote consulting. Maybe we’ll discover that more is possible than …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1087-m1087
SP  - m1087
EP  - m1087
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1087
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1087
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Heavy hitters join for coronavirus treatments
AU  - Cross, Ryan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A trio of heavy hitters is pitching in up to $125 million in seed funding to launch the COVID-19 Therapeutics Accelerator. The  Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and Wellcome are committing up to $50 million each, and Mastercard has pledged up to $25 million...
JO  - C&EN Global Enterprise
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 98
IS  - 10
PG  - 13-13
SP  - 13
EP  - 13
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1021/cen-09810-buscon16
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-09810-buscon16
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A guideline for homology modeling of the proteins from newly discovered betacoronavirus, 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)
AU  - Dong, Shengjie
AU  - Sun, Jiachen
AU  - Mao, Zhuo
AU  - Wang, Lu
AU  - Lu, Yi-Lin
AU  - Li, Jiesen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - During an outbreak of respiratory diseases including atypical pneumonia in Wuhan, a previously unknown β-coronavirus was detected in patients. The newly discovered coronavirus is similar to some β-coronaviruses found in bats, but different from previously known SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. High sequence identities and similarities between 2019-nCoV and SARS-CoV was found. In this work, we searched the homologous templates of all nonstructural and structural proteins of 2019-nCoV. Among the nonstructural proteins, the leader protein (nsp1), the papain-like protease (nsp3), the nsp4, the 3C-like protease (nsp5), the nsp7, the nsp8, the nsp9, the nsp10, the RNA-directed RNA polymerase (nsp12), the helicase (nsp13), the guanine-N7 methyltransferase (nsp14), the uridylate-specific endoribonuclease (nsp15), the 2'-O-methyltransferase (nsp16), and the ORF7a protein could be built on the basis of homology templates. Among the structural proteins, the spike protein (S-protein), the envelope protein (E-protein), and the nucleocapsid protein (N-protein) can be constructed based on the crystal structures of the proteins from SARS-CoV. It is known that PL-Pro, 3CL-Pro, and RdRp are important targets for design antiviral drugs against 2019-nCoV. And S protein is critical target candidate for inhibitor screening or vaccine design against 2019-nCoV because coronavirus replication is initiated by the binding of S protein to cell surface receptors. It is believed that these proteins should be useful for further structure-based virtual screening and related computer-aided drug development and vaccine design. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25768
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - From SARS to COVID-19: A previously unknown SARS- related coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) of pandemic potential infecting humans – Call for a One Health approach
AU  - El Zowalaty, M. E.
AU  - Järhult, J. D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Human coronaviruses continue to pose a threat to human health. The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in December 2019 which causes coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), an acute respiratory disease marked the third introduction of a highly pathogenic coronavirus into the human population in the twenty-first century. This recent emergence of a previously unknown coronavirus in China leads to huge impacts on humans globally. Covid-19 is a challenge to global public health. Here, we discuss the COVID-19 outbreak in a one health context, highlighting the need for the implementation of one health measures and practices to improve human health and reduce the emergence of pandemic viruses.
JO  - One Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.onehlt.2020.100124
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005191800 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.onehlt.2020.100124
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Exuberant plasmocytosis in bronchoalveolar lavage of the first patient requiring Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for SARS-CoV-2 in Europe
AU  - Giani, Marco
AU  - Seminati, Davide
AU  - Lucchini, Alberto
AU  - Foti, Giuseppe
AU  - Pagni, Fabio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Thoracic Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtho.2020.03.008
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S155608642030201X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Experimental Treatment with Favipiravir for COVID-19: An Open-Label Control Study
AU  - Cai, Qingxian
AU  - Yang, Minghui
AU  - Liu, Dongjing
AU  - Chen, Jun
AU  - Shu, Dan
AU  - Xia, Junxia
AU  - Liao, Xuejiao
AU  - Gu, Yuanbo
AU  - Cai, Qiue
AU  - Yang, Yang
AU  - Shen, Chenguang
AU  - Li, Xiaohe
AU  - Peng, Ling
AU  - Huang, Deliang
AU  - Zhang, Jing
AU  - Zhang, Shurong
AU  - Wang, Fuxiang
AU  - Liu, Jiaye
AU  - Chen, Li
AU  - Chen, Shuyan
AU  - Wang, Zhaoqin
AU  - Zhang, Zheng
AU  - Cao, Ruiyuan
AU  - Zhong, Wu
AU  - Liu, Yingxia
AU  - Liu, Lei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - An outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and its caused coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been reported in China since December 2019. More than 16% of patients developed acute respiratory distress syndrome, and the fatality ratio was about 1%–2%. No specific treatment has been reported. Herein, we examine the effects of Favipiravir (FPV) versus Lopinavir (LPV)/ritonavir (RTV) for the treatment of COVID-19. Patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 who received oral FPV (Day 1: 1600 mg twice daily; Days 2–14: 600 mg twice daily) plus interferon (IFN)-α by aerosol inhalation (5 million U twice daily) were included in the FPV arm of this study, whereas patients who were treated with LPV/RTV (Days 1–14: 400 mg/100 mg twice daily) plus IFN-α by aerosol inhalation (5 million U twice daily) were included in the control arm. Changes in chest computed tomography (CT), viral clearance, and drug safety were compared between the two groups. For the 35 patients enrolled in the FPV arm and the 45 patients in the control arm, all baseline characteristics were comparable between the two arms. A shorter viral clearance time was found for the FPV arm versus the control arm (median (interquartile range, IQR), 4 (2.5–9) d versus 11 (8–13) d, P < 0.001). The FPV arm also showed significant improvement in chest imaging compared with the control arm, with an improvement rate of 91.43% versus 62.22% (P = 0.004). After adjustment for potential confounders, the FPV arm also showed a significantly higher improvement rate in chest imaging. Multivariable Cox regression showed that FPV was independently associated with faster viral clearance. In addition, fewer adverse reactions were found in the FPV arm than in the control arm. In this open-label nonrandomized control study, FPV showed significantly better treatment effects on COVID-19 in terms of disease progression and viral clearance; if causal, these results should be important information for establishing standard treatment guidelines to combat the SARS-CoV-2 infection.
JO  - Engineering
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eng.2020.03.007
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095809920300631
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Erratum: Clinical findings in a group of patients infected with the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-Cov-2) outside of Wuhan, China: Retrospective case series (The BMJ (2020) 368 (m606) DOI:10.1136/bmj.m606)
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The number and percentage of male patients should have been 35 (56%) under the heading All patients and 16 (55%) under the heading Time since symptom onset =10 days in table 1 and in the results. The number and percentage of patients with fever should have been 24 (73%) under the heading Time since symptom onset >10 days and 24 (83%) under the heading Time since symptom onset =10 days in table 1 and in the results. The exposure history heading in the left column of table 1 should have read Exposure history in Wuhan >2 weeks. Table 2 should have stated creatinine instead of creatine throughout. In the methods, the second paragraph of the Laboratory confirmation and treatment section should state that the dosage of arbidol should have read 200 mg three times daily. The paper will be updated in due course.
JO  - The BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m792
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L631060922 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m792
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemiology, causes, clinical manifestation and diagnosis, prevention and control of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) during the early outbreak period: a scoping review
AU  - Adhikari, Sasmita Poudel
AU  - Meng, Sha
AU  - Wu, Yu-Ju
AU  - Mao, Yu-Ping
AU  - Ye, Rui-Xue
AU  - Wang, Qing-Zhi
AU  - Sun, Chang
AU  - Sylvia, Sean
AU  - Rozelle, Scott
AU  - Raat, Hein
AU  - Zhou, Huan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has been identified as the cause of an outbreak of respiratory illness in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China beginning in December 2019. As of 31 January 2020, this epidemic had spread to 19 countries with 11 791 confirmed cases, including 213 deaths. The World Health Organization has declared it a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. A scoping review was conducted following the methodological framework suggested by Arksey and O’Malley. In this scoping review, 65 research articles published before 31 January 2020 were analyzed and discussed to better understand the epidemiology, causes, clinical diagnosis, prevention and control of this virus. The research domains, dates of publication, journal language, authors’ affiliations, and methodological characteristics were included in the analysis. All the findings and statements in this review regarding the outbreak are based on published information as listed in the references. Most of the publications were written using the English language (89.2%). The largest proportion of published articles were related to causes (38.5%) and a majority (67.7%) were published by Chinese scholars. Research articles initially focused on causes, but over time there was an increase of the articles related to prevention and control. Studies thus far have shown that the virus’ origination is in connection to a seafood market in Wuhan, but specific animal associations have not been confirmed. Reported symptoms include fever, cough, fatigue, pneumonia, headache, diarrhea, hemoptysis, and dyspnea. Preventive measures such as masks, hand hygiene practices, avoidance of public contact, case detection, contact tracing, and quarantines have been discussed as ways to reduce transmission. To date, no specific antiviral treatment has proven effective; hence, infected people primarily rely on symptomatic treatment and supportive care. There has been a rapid surge in research in response to the outbreak of COVID-19. During this early period, published research primarily explored the epidemiology, causes, clinical manifestation and diagnosis, as well as prevention and control of the novel coronavirus. Although these studies are relevant to control the current public emergency, more high-quality research is needed to provide valid and reliable ways to manage this kind of public health emergency in both the short- and long-term.
JO  - Infectious Diseases of Poverty
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
PG  - 29-29
SP  - 29
EP  - 29
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s40249-020-00646-x
UR  - https://idpjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40249-020-00646-x
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemiological Characteristics of 2143 Pediatric Patients With 2019 Coronavirus Disease in China
AU  - Dong, Yuanyuan
AU  - Mo, Xi
AU  - Hu, Yabin
AU  - Qi, Xin
AU  - Jiang, Fang
AU  - Jiang, Zhongyi
AU  - Tong, Shilu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Pediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1542/peds.2020-0702
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemiologic and Clinical Characteristics of 91 Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19 in Zhejiang, China: A retrospective, multi-centre case series
AU  - Qian, Guo-Qing
AU  - Yang, Nai-Bin
AU  - Ding, Feng
AU  - Ma, Ada Hoi Yan
AU  - Wang, Zong-Yi
AU  - Shen, Yue-Fei
AU  - Shi, Chun-Wei
AU  - Lian, Xiang
AU  - Chu, Jin-Guo
AU  - Chen, Lei
AU  - Wang, Zhi-Yu
AU  - Ren, Da-Wei
AU  - Li, Guo-Xiang
AU  - Chen, Xue-Qin
AU  - Shen, Hua-Jiang
AU  - Chen, Xiao-Min
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Recent studies have focused initial clinical and Epidemiologic characteristics on the COVID-19, mainly revealing situation in Wuhan, Hubei. AIM: To reveal more data on the epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients outside of Wuhan, in Zhejiang, China. DESIGN: Retrospective case series. METHODS: 88 cases of laboratory-confirmed and 3 cases of clinical-confirmed COVID-19 were admitted to five hospitals in Zhejiang province, China. Data were collected from 20 January 2020 to 11 February 2020. RESULTS: Of all 91 patients, 88 (96.70%) were laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 with throat swab samples that tested positive for SARS-Cov-2 while 3 (3.30%) were clinical-diagnosed COVID-19 cases. The median age of the patients was 50 (36.5-57) years, and female accounted for 59.34%. In this sample 40 (43.96%) patients had contracted the diseases from local cases, 31 (34.07%) patients had been to Wuhan/Hubei, 8 (8.79%) cases had contacted with people from Wuhan, 11 (12.09%) cases were confirmed aircraft transmission. In particular within the city of Ningbo, 60.52% cases can be traced back to an event held in a temple. The most common symptoms were fever (71.43%), cough (60.44%) and fatigue (43.96%). The median of incubation period was 6 (IQR, 3-8) days and the median time from first visit to a doctor to confirmed diagnosis was 1 (1-2) days. According to the Chest computed tomography scans, 67.03% cases had bilateral pneumonia. CONCLUSIONS: Social activity cluster, family cluster and travel by airplane were how COVID-19 patients get transmitted and could be rapidly diagnosed COVID-19 in Zhejiang.
JO  - QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/qjmed/hcaa089
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Early Clinical and CT Manifestations of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pneumonia
AU  - Han, Rui
AU  - Huang, Lu
AU  - Jiang, Hong
AU  - Dong, Jin
AU  - Peng, Hongfen
AU  - Zhang, Dongyou
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to investigate early clinical and CT manifestations of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pneumonia. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Patients with COVID-19 pneumonia confirmed by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) nucleic acid test (reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction) were enrolled in this retrospective study. The clinical manifestations, laboratory results, and CT findings were evaluated. RESULTS. One hundred eight patients (38 men, 70 women; age range, 21-90 years) were included in the study. The clinical manifestations were fever in 94 of 108 (87%) patients, dry cough in 65 (60%), and fatigue in 42 (39%). The laboratory results were normal WBC count in 97 (90%) patients and normal or reduced lymphocyte count in 65 (60%). High-sensitivity C-reactive protein level was elevated in 107 (99%) patients. The distribution of involved lobes was one lobe in 38 (35%) patients, two or three lobes in 24 (22%), and four or five lobes in 46 (43%). The major involvement was peripheral (97 patients [90%]), and the common lesion shape was patchy (93 patients [86%]). Sixty-five (60%) patients had ground-glass opacity (GGO), and 44 (41%) had GGO with consolidation. The size of lesions varied from smaller than 1 cm (10 patients [9%]) to larger than 3 cm (56 patients [52%]). Vascular thickening (86 patients [80%]), crazy paving pattern (43 patients [40%]), air bronchogram sign (52 patients [48%]), and halo sign (69 [64%]) were also observed in this study. CONCLUSION. The early clinical and laboratory findings of COVID-19 pneumonia are low to midgrade fever, dry cough, and fatigue with normal WBC count, reduced lymphocyte count, and elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level. The early CT findings are patchy GGO with or without consolidation involving multiple lobes, mainly in the peripheral zone, accompanied by halo sign, vascular thickening, crazy paving pattern, or air bronchogram sign.
JO  - AJR. American journal of roentgenology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-6
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2214/AJR.20.22961
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Don't rush to deploy COVID-19 vaccines and drugs without sufficient safety guarantees
AU  - Jiang, Shibo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 579
IS  - 
PG  - 321-321
SP  - 321
EP  - 321
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00751-9
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Don’t panic: five minutes with . . . Kai Zacharowski
AU  - Rimmer, Abi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The president of the European Society of Anaesthesiology advises doctors on getting through the covid-19 pandemic “Don’t panic. That’s the most important thing. “The second thing is hygiene. Keep a distance [from people] of at least a metre and avoid handshaking. Of course, doctors have to look after patients, but if a patient has symptoms, such as flu-like symptoms, it makes sense not to be extremely close to them. And obviously wash your hands and do not touch your face. “Eventually, probably 60% or 70% of the UK population will be infected—and this will include doctors—but the question is how fast [will they be infected]? We have learnt that quite a large number of people won’t have any symptoms. So if you start testing everyone, you could induce a panic. “Obviously we would all like …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1092-m1092
SP  - m1092
EP  - m1092
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1092
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1092
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Disease X: accelerating the development of medical countermeasures for the next pandemic
AU  - Simpson, Shmona
AU  - Kaufmann, Michael C.
AU  - Glozman, Vitaly
AU  - Chakrabarti, Ajoy
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - WHO has listed several priority diseases with epidemic potential for which there are no, or insufficient, medical countermeasures. In response, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (with support from PricewaterhouseCoopers) coordinated subject matter experts to create a preparedness plan for Disease X. Disease X is caused by Pathogen X, an infectious agent that is not currently known to cause human disease, but an aetiologic agent of a future outbreak with epidemic or pandemic potential. We have identified crucial areas for acceleration in medical countermeasure product development and international coordination. We have also reviewed novel platforms and process improvements related to manufacturing, which could revolutionise the response to the next pandemic. Finally, we created several coordination and engagement guides. These guides range from the rational design of an intervention target product profile, to the key facets of vaccine and therapeutic development, to accelerated manufacturing and regulatory mechanisms. In this Personal View, we provide a high-level summary of the outcomes of the medical countermeasure development workstream, intended for a broad audience including academia, medical countermeasure developers, and multilateral coordinating bodies. We hope that they might find this piece useful in prioritising strategic investments and efforts to accelerate medical countermeasure development. We observed that in-depth analyses of clinical trial design, chemistry, manufacturing and control activities, and accelerated regulatory pathways are necessary for shortening the timelines for the product development of medical countermeasures. We intend to cover these topics in future publications.
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30123-7
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30123-7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The difference in the incubation period of 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection between travelers to Hubei and non-travelers: The need of a longer quarantine period
AU  - Leung, Char
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - Data collected from the individual cases reported by the media were used to estimate the distribution of the incubation period of travelers to Hubei and non-travelers. Upon the finding of longer and more volatile incubation period in travelers, the duration of quarantine should be extended to three weeks.
JO  - Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-8
SP  - 1
EP  - 8
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/ice.2020.81
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/difference-in-the-incubation-period-of-2019-novel-coronavirus-sarscov2-infection-between-travelers-to-hubei-and-nontravelers-the-need-of-a-longer-quarantine-period/AB1FB7B5B94F5ED63408D86D43087239
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Diagnostic Utility of Clinical Laboratory Data Determinations for Patients with the Severe COVID-19
AU  - Gao, Yong
AU  - Li, Tuantuan
AU  - Han, Mingfeng
AU  - Li, Xiuyong
AU  - Wu, Dong
AU  - Xu, Yuanhong
AU  - Zhu, Yulin
AU  - Liu, Yan
AU  - Wang, Xiaowu
AU  - Wang, Linding
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The role of clinical laboratory data in the differential diagnosis of the severe forms of COVID-19 has not been definitely established. The aim of this study was to look for the warning index in severe COVID-19 patients. We investigated forty-three adult patients with COVID-19. The patients were classified into mild group (28 patients) and severe group (15 patients). Comparison of the haematological parameters between the mild and severe groups showed significant differences in IL-6, D-Dimer, GLU, TT, FIB and CRP (P <0.05). The optimal threshold and area under the ROC curve of IL-6 were 24.3 pg/mL and 0.795 respectively, while those of D-Dimer were 0.28 µg/L and 0.750, respectively. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of IL-6 combined with D-Dimer was 0.840. The specificity of predicting the severity of COVID-19 during IL-6 and D-Dimer tandem testing was up to 93.3%, while the sensitivity of IL-6 and D-Dimer by parallel test in the severe COVID-19 was 96.4%. IL-6 and D-Dimer were closely related to the occurrence of severe COVID-19 in the adult patients, and their combined detection had the highest specificity and sensitivity for early prediction of the severity of COVID-19 patients, which has important clinical value. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
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EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25770
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: UK starts social distancing after new model points to 260 000 potential deaths
AU  - Mahase, Elisabeth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The UK government has been forced to change its plan of attack for covid-19 after modelling showed that, although the plan might reduce peak healthcare demand by two thirds and cut deaths by half, it would still result in 260 000 deaths and overwhelm the health system—most notably in intensive care units (ICUs). The government has announced that everyone should now begin social distancing, meaning avoiding contact with others as much as possible. Whole households should also quarantine themselves for 14 days if someone has a symptom of covid-19, and those who are at high risk for severe disease—including pregnant women, people over 70, and those with certain health conditions—should isolate themselves for 12 weeks, starting from this weekend. The prime minister, Boris Johnson, said, “Now is the time for everyone to stop non-essential contact with others and all unnecessary travel. We need everyone to start working from home where they can. …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1089-m1089
SP  - m1089
EP  - m1089
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1089
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1089
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: Trump sought to buy vaccine developer exclusively for US, say German officials
AU  - Dyer, Owen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The US president, Donald Trump, made secret overtures to the German company CureVac—one of the leading contenders to create a covid-19 vaccine—in the hope of luring it to the United States, say senior officials in the German government. Germany’s Welt am Sonntag newspaper reported that the offer, valued at about $1bn (£829m; €912m), stipulated that any vaccine the company developed would be “only for the USA.”1 The company has often said that its products would be offered to all countries. Senior German officials confirmed the reports and criticised the US government’s actions. Horst Seehofer, interior minister, when asked to …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1100-m1100
SP  - m1100
EP  - m1100
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1100
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1100
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: trainees will not move jobs in April
AU  - Rimmer, Abi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Postgraduate trainees will not rotate to new roles on 1 April as previously planned because of the covid-19 pandemic, training organisations have announced. A joint letter to trainees from the four UK training bodies and the General Medical Council said that postgraduate medical trainees would make a major contribution to the NHS during the covid-19 pandemic. It said that the next planned rotation of postgraduate medical trainees would involve over 20 000 doctors across the UK at a time when the NHS would be facing an increasing burden …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1088-m1088
SP  - m1088
EP  - m1088
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1088
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1088
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: outbreak could last until spring 2021 and see 7.9 million hospitalised in the UK
AU  - Mahase, Elisabeth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The covid-19 outbreak is expected to last around one year (until spring 2021), with around 80% of the population infected and up to 15% of people (7.9 million) requiring hospitalisation in the UK, a briefing document produced by Public Health England for the government has said. The document, seen by the Guardian , said that, of the five million people deemed vital because of their work “in essential services and critical infrastructure”—including one million NHS staff and 1.5 million social care staff—500 000 could be off sick at any one time. Overall, at least 10% of people in the UK will have a …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1071-m1071
SP  - m1071
EP  - m1071
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1071
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1071
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: medical schools are urged to fast-track final year students
AU  - Iacobucci, Gareth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - UK medical schools have been urged to fast-track final year medical students into the workforce in the wake of severe disruptions to teaching programmes caused by the covid-19 outbreak. The Medical Schools Council said that universities should waive requirements for clinical exams and draw on alternative methods of assessment to ensure that doctors are registered as quickly as possible. Guidance issued by the council to medical schools on 13 March said: “It is important that medical schools do not delay qualification and so prevent new doctors joining the workforce in the summer. We advise that final year qualifying exams are prioritised where they have not yet taken place. Additional opportunities to take finals as a first sit …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1064-m1064
SP  - m1064
EP  - m1064
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1064
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1064
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: junior doctor calls on colleagues to gather supplies for staff working long hours
AU  - Rimmer, Abi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A junior doctor has called on her colleagues to gather supplies that will help healthcare professionals working long hours during the covid-19 outbreak. Josie Cheetham, chair of the BMA’s Junior Doctors Committee in Wales, shared on Twitter the details of a supply box that she had put together for doctors who were too tired to travel home. “It contained supplies typically needed after/between work shifts, when staff unexpectedly need to stay on site between shifts,” she wrote. “My hope …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1072-m1072
SP  - m1072
EP  - m1072
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1072
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1072
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: ibuprofen should not be used for managing symptoms, say doctors and scientists
AU  - Day, Michael
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Scientists and senior doctors have backed claims by France’s health minister that people showing symptoms of covid-19 should use paracetamol (acetaminophen) rather than ibuprofen, a drug they said might exacerbate the condition. The minister, Oliver Veran, tweeted on Saturday 14 March that people with suspected covid-19 should avoid anti-inflammatory drugs. “Taking anti-inflammatory drugs (ibuprofen, cortisone . . .) could be an aggravating factor for the infection. If you have a fever, take paracetamol,” he said. His comments seem to have stemmed in part from remarks attributed to an infectious diseases doctor in south west France. She was reported to have cited four cases of young patients with covid-19 and no underlying health problems who went …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1086-m1086
SP  - m1086
EP  - m1086
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1086
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1086
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: Doctors warn of humanitarian catastrophe at Europe’s largest refugee camp
AU  - Iacobucci, Gareth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A UK based charity that provides healthcare to residents at Europe’s largest refugee camp has warned that overcrowding could prompt a humanitarian catastrophe in the wake of the covid-19 pandemic. Siyana Marhroof Shaffi, director of the UK based charity Kitrinos Healthcare, which runs a medical clinic on the island of Lesvos, Greece, warned of an “alarming” risk to thousands of vulnerable refugees in the Moria camp. The island’s …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1097-m1097
SP  - m1097
EP  - m1097
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1097
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1097
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: BMA calls for rapid testing and appropriate protective equipment for doctors
AU  - Rimmer, Abi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The BMA has said that it is working to ensure that all doctors have appropriate protective equipment and that those who are self-isolating with minor respiratory symptoms have access to rapid testing. In a letter sent to BMA members on 16 March, BMA council chair Chaand Nagpaul said that, in response to the covid-19 pandemic, the association was working to tackle the issues affecting doctors, across the nations, and in each branch of practice. “We will all be naturally worried about how this will impact on our ability to provide vital care for patients,” Nagpaul said. …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1099-m1099
SP  - m1099
EP  - m1099
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1099
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1099
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 pneumonia: infection control protocol inside computed tomography suites
AU  - Nakajima, Kento
AU  - Kato, Hideaki
AU  - Yamashiro, Tsuneo
AU  - Izumi, Toshiharu
AU  - Takeuchi, Ichiro
AU  - Nakajima, Hideaki
AU  - Utsunomiya, Daisuke
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A novel coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) causes a cluster of pneumonia cases in Wuhan, China. It spread rapidly and globally. CT imaging is helpful for the evaluation of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia. Infection control inside the CT suites is also important to prevent hospital-related transmission of COVID-19. We present our experience with infection control protocol for COVID-19 inside the CT suites.
JO  - Japanese Journal of Radiology
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11604-020-00948-y
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11604-020-00948-y
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in pregnant women
AU  - Schmid, Manuel B.
AU  - Fontijn, Jehudith
AU  - Ochsenbein-Kölble, Nicole
AU  - Berger, Christoph
AU  - Bassler, Dirk
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
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EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30175-4
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30175-4
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in Children: Initial Characterization of the Pediatric Disease
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Pediatrics
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
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EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1542/peds.2020-0834
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19 and community mitigation strategies in a pandemic
AU  - Ebrahim, Shahul H.
AU  - Ahmed, Qanta A.
AU  - Gozzer, Ernesto
AU  - Schlagenhauf, Patricia
AU  - Memish, Ziad A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The covid-19 pandemic that was declared on 11 March 2020 has affected countries on all continents.1 Reported case numbers are certainly underestimates given the shortages or unavailability of test kits in many countries, a virus with a basic reproductive value (R) of 2.2, and evidence of viral shedding from asymptomatic infected people.1234 In addition to suspending travel and efforts to reduce crowds, countries are taking unprecedented measures, including wartime strategies to enhance production of medical supplies in the US, the use of the national guard to restrict movement of people, and suspension of exports of medical products from certain countries (Saudi Arabia, India).5678 Our challenge is to make the best use of available tools through systematic implementation by communities and countries to mitigate the exponential spread of covid-19. No specific drugs or vaccines are available, and health systems are overburdened everywhere. We have to rely on targeted, non-coercive, community interventions with sufficient transparency and public engagement and trust, and implement them urgently (box 1).91011 Such measures may help delay the exponential spread …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1066-m1066
SP  - m1066
EP  - m1066
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1066
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1066
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Correlation between travellers departing from Wuhan before the Spring Festival and subsequent spread of COVID-19 to all provinces in China | Journal of Travel Medicine | Oxford Academic
AU  - Ping Zhong, M. D. Songxue Guo M. D. Ting Chen M. D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Highlight We found a strong correlation between travel volumes departing from Wuhan, Hubei Province before the Spring Festival and the extent of amplification of the outbreak of COVID-19 in China in 2020, with 100 top cities. Almost 70% of exportations were within cities in Hubei province.
JO  - Journal of Travel Medicine
PB  - 
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DO  - 
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/jtm/advance-article/doi/10.1093/jtm/taaa036/5808004?searchresult=1
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Correlation between travellers departing from Wuhan before the Spring Festival and subsequent spread of COVID-19 to all provinces in China
AU  - Zhong, Ping
AU  - Guo, Songxue
AU  - Chen, Ting
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We found a strong correlation between travel volumes departing from Wuhan, Hubei Province before the Spring Festival and the extent of amplification of the outbreak of COVID-19 in China in 2020, with 100 top cities. Almost 70% of exportations were within cities in Hubei province.
JO  - Journal of travel medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/jtm/taaa036
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Correction to: Genomic characterization of the 2019 novel human-pathogenic coronavirus isolated from a patient with atypical pneumonia after visiting Wuhan (Emerging Microbes & Infections, (2020), 9, 1, (221-236), 10.1080/22221751.2020.1719902)
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Article title: Genomic characterization of the 2019 novel human-pathogenic coronavirus isolated from a patient with atypical pneumonia after visiting Wuhan Authors: Chan, J. F-W., Kok, K-H., Zhu, Z., Chu, H., To K. K-W., Yuan, S., & Yuen, K-Y. Journal:Emerging Microbes & InfectionsBibliometrics: Volume 9, Number 1, pages 221 –236 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2020.1719902 When the article was first published online, Figure 1 and its caption were wrong. This has now been corrected in online version.
JO  - Emerging Microbes and Infections
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
PG  - 540
SP  - 540
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/22221751.2020.1737364
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2004388327 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2020.1737364
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Correction to: An emerging coronavirus causing pneumonia outbreak in Wuhan, China: calling for developing therapeutic and prophylactic strategies (Emerging Microbes & Infections, (2020), 9, 1, (275-277), 10.1080/22221751.2020.1723441)
AU  - Jiang, S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - When the article was first published online, there were few corrections in Figure 1. This has now been corrected in online.
JO  - Emerging Microbes and Infections
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
PG  - 539
SP  - 539
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/22221751.2020.1737363
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2004387297 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2020.1737363
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TY  - PCOMM
TI  - Coronavirus Testing | JN Learning | AMA Ed Hub
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus testing will help countries manage coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) but will raise questions about how to counsel patients about their test results. The CDC's Deputy Director for Infectious Diseases Jay C. Butler, MD, talks with JAMA Editor Howard Bauchner about what to advise healthy patients with positive PCR results, sick patients with negative test results, exposed health care workers, and more.
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EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://edhub.ama-assn.org/jn-learning/audio-player/18320352
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus latest: First vaccine clinical trials begin in United States
AU  - Nature
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Updates on the respiratory illness that has infected tens of thousands of people and killed several thousand.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00154-w
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus in pregnancy and delivery: rapid review
AU  - Mullins, E.
AU  - Evans, D.
AU  - Viner, R. M.
AU  - O'Brien, P.
AU  - Morris, E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/uog.22014
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.22014
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Italy
AU  - Livingston, Edward
AU  - Bucher, Karen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.4344
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus cases have dropped sharply in South Korea. What’s the secret to its success?
AU  - Normile, Dennis
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Europe is now the epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic. Case counts and deaths are soaring in Italy, Spain, France, and Germany, and many countries have imposed lockdowns and closed borders. Meanwhile, the United States, hampered by a fiasco with delayed and faulty test kits, is just guessing at its COVID-19 burden, though experts believe it is on the same trajectory as countries in Europe.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb7566
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/03/coronavirus-cases-have-dropped-sharply-south-korea-whats-secret-its-success
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemic and patient safety
AU  - Elston, D. M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 82
IS  - 4
PG  - 819-820
SP  - 819
EP  - 820
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.02.031
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005197777 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2020.02.031
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus 2019-nCoV: A brief perspective from the front line
AU  - Han, Q.
AU  - Lin, Q.
AU  - Jin, S.
AU  - You, L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A novel coronavirus, designated as 2019-nCoV, hit the central Chinese city of Wuhan in late December 2019, and subsequently spread rapidly to all provinces of China and multiple countries. As of 0:00 am February 9, 2020, a total of 37,287 cases have been confirmed infection of 2019-nCoV in China mainland, and 302 cases have also been cumulatively reported from 24 countries. According to the latest data, a total of 813 deaths occurred in China mainland, with the mortality reaching approximately 2.2%. At present, there is no vaccine or specific drugs for the human coronavirus. Therefore, it is critical to understand the nature of the virus and its clinical characteristics, in order to respond to the 2019-nCoV outbreak. Thus, the present study briefly but comprehensively summarizes the not much but timely reports on the 2019-nCoV.
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.02.010
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005190153 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.02.010
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Core Outcome Set for Clinical Trials on Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COS-COVID)
AU  - Jin, Xinyao
AU  - Pang, Bo
AU  - Zhang, Junhua
AU  - Liu, Qingquan
AU  - Yang, Zhongqi
AU  - Feng, Jihong
AU  - Liu, Xuezheng
AU  - Zhang, Lei
AU  - Wang, Baohe
AU  - Huang, Yuhong
AU  - Josephine Fauci, Alice
AU  - Ma, Yuling
AU  - Soo Lee, Myeong
AU  - Yuan, Wei'an
AU  - Xie, Yanming
AU  - Tang, Jianyuan
AU  - Gao, Rui
AU  - Du, Liang
AU  - Zhang, Shuo
AU  - Qi, Hanmei
AU  - Sun, Yu
AU  - Zheng, Wenke
AU  - Yang, Fengwen
AU  - Chua, Huizi
AU  - Wang, Keyi
AU  - Ou, Yi
AU  - Huang, Ming
AU  - Zhu, Yan
AU  - Yu, Jiajie
AU  - Tian, Jinhui
AU  - Zhao, Min
AU  - Hu, Jingqing
AU  - Yao, Chen
AU  - Li, Youping
AU  - Zhang, Boli
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since its outbreak in December 2019, a series of clinical trials on Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been registered or carried out. However, the significant heterogeneity and less critical outcomes of such trials may be leading to a waste of research resources. This study aimed to develop a core outcome set (COS) for clinical trials on COVID-19 in order to tackle the outcome issues. The study was conducted according to the Core Outcome Measures in Effectiveness Trials (COMET) handbook (version 1.0), a guideline for COS development. A research group was set up that included experts in respiratory and critical medicine, traditional Chinese medicine, evidence-based medicine, clinical pharmacology, and statistics, in addition to medical journal editors. Clinical trial registry websites (chictr.org.cn and clinicaltrials.gov) were searched to retrieve clinical trial protocols and outcomes in order to form an outcome pool. A total of 78 clinical trial protocols on COVID-19 were included and 259 outcomes were collected. After standardization, 132 outcomes were identified within seven different categories, of which 58 were selected to develop a preliminary outcome list for further consensus. After two rounds of Delphi survey and one consensus meeting, the most important outcomes for the different clinical classifications of COVID-19 were identified and determined to constitute the COS for clinical trials on COVID-19 (COS-COVID). The COS-COVID includes one outcome for the mild type (time to 2019-nCoV reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) negativity), four outcomes for the ordinary type (length of hospital stay, composite events, score of clinical symptoms, and time to 2019-nCoV RT-PCR negativity), five outcomes for the severe type (composite events, length of hospital stay, arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2)/ oxygen concentration (FiO2), duration of mechanical ventilation, and time to 2019-nCoV RT-PCR negativity), one outcome for critical type (all-cause mortality), and one outcome for rehabilitation period (pulmonary function). The COS-COVID is currently the most valuable and practical clinical outcome set for the evaluation of intervention effect, and is useful for evidence assessment and decision-making. With a deepening understanding of COVID-19 and application feedback, the COS-COVID should be continuously updated.
JO  - Engineering
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eng.2020.03.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095809920300424
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical strategies for treating pediatric cancer during the outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus infection
AU  - Yang, C.
AU  - Li, C.
AU  - Wang, S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Pediatric Blood and Cancer
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/pbc.28248
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2004383070 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pbc.28248
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical course and mortality risk of severe COVID-19
AU  - Weiss, Paul
AU  - Murdoch, David R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30633-4
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30633-4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - China's new public health constitution: a cause for hope?
AU  - Ip, Eric C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30050-5
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30050-5
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Author Correction: China’s response to a novel coronavirus stands in stark contrast to the 2002 SARS outbreak response (Nature Medicine, (2020), 10.1038/s41591-020-0771-1)
AU  - Nkengasong, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In the version of this article initially published, the date (year) was incorrect (10 January 2010) in the penultimate sentence of the first paragraph of the third subsection (‘Why Africa should be prepared’). The correct date is 10 January 2020. The error has been corrected in the HTML and PDF versions of the article.
JO  - Nature Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41591-020-0816-5
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2004397168 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41591-020-0816-5
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Anal swab findings in an infant with COVID-19
AU  - Fan, Qihong
AU  - Pan, Yan
AU  - Wu, Qingcui
AU  - Liu, Shan
AU  - Song, Xu
AU  - Xie, Zhongguo
AU  - Liu, Yang
AU  - Zhao, Liang
AU  - Wang, Zhonghong
AU  - Zhang, Yifei
AU  - Wu, Zuchuang
AU  - Guan, Lei
AU  - Lv, Xiaolong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Introduction The transmission pathways of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remain not completely clear. In this case study the test for the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in pharyngeal swab and anal swab were compared. Case presentation A 3-month-old girl was admitted to our hospital with COVID-19. Her parents had both been diagnosed with COVID-19. The results of pharyngeal swab and anal swab of the little girl were recorded and compared during the course of the disease. The oropharyngeal specimen showed negative result for SARS-CoV-2 on the 14th day after onset of the illness. However, the anal swab was still positive for SARS-CoV-2 on the 28th day after the onset of the illness. Conclusion The possibility of fecal-oral transmission of COVID-19 should be assessed. Personal hygiene during home quarantine merits considerable attention.
JO  - PEDIATRIC INVESTIGATION
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 4
IS  - 1
PG  - 48-50
SP  - 48
EP  - 50
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/ped4.12186
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/ped4.12186
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Aerosol and Surface Stability of SARS-CoV-2 as Compared with SARS-CoV-1
AU  - van Doremalen, Neeltje
AU  - Bushmaker, Trenton
AU  - Morris, Dylan H.
AU  - Holbrook, Myndi G.
AU  - Gamble, Amandine
AU  - Williamson, Brandi N.
AU  - Tamin, Azaibi
AU  - Harcourt, Jennifer L.
AU  - Thornburg, Natalie J.
AU  - Gerber, Susan I.
AU  - Lloyd-Smith, James O.
AU  - de Wit, Emmie
AU  - Munster, Vincent J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A novel human coronavirus that is now named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) (formerly called HCoV-19) emerged in Wuhan, China, in late 2019 and is now causing a pandemic.1 We analyzed the aerosol and surface stability of SARS-CoV-2 and compared it with SARS-CoV-1, the most closely related human coronavirus.2 We evaluated the stability of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV-1 in aerosols and on various surfaces and estimated their decay rates using a Bayesian regression model (see the Methods section in the Supplementary Appendix, available with the full text of this letter at NEJM.org). SARS-CoV-2 nCoV-WA1-2020 (MN985325.1) and SARS-CoV-1 Tor2 (AY274119.3) were the strains used. Aerosols (<5 μm) containing SARS-CoV-2 (105.25 50% tissue-culture infectious dose [TCID50] per milliliter) or SARS-CoV-1 (106.75-7.00 TCID50 per milliliter) were generated with the use of a three-jet Collison nebulizer and fed into a Goldberg drum to create an aerosolized environment. The inoculum resulted in cycle-threshold values between 20 and 22, similar to those observed in samples obtained from the upper and lower respiratory tract in humans. Our data consisted of 10 experimental conditions involving two viruses (SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV-1) in five environmental conditions (aerosols, plastic, stainless steel, copper, and cardboard). All experimental measurements are reported as means across three replicates.[Truncated}
JO  - The New England journal of medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - NEJMc2004973-NEJMc2004973
SP  - NEJMc2004973
EP  - NEJMc2004973
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMc2004973
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32182409
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Advance of promising targets and agents against 2019-nCoV in China
AU  - Duan, Yongtao
AU  - Zhu, Hai-Liang
AU  - Zhou, Chongchen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Drug Discovery Today
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drudis.2020.02.011
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1359644620300982
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Why are pregnant women susceptible to viral infection: an immunological viewpoint?
AU  - Liu, Hong
AU  - Wang, Li-Ling
AU  - Zhao, Si-Jia
AU  - Kwak-Kim, Joanne
AU  - Mor, Gil
AU  - Liao, Ai-Hua
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was first detected in December 2019 and became epidemic in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. COVID-19 has been rapidly spreading out in China and all over the world. The virus causing COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2 has been known to be genetically similar to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) but distinct from it. Clinical manifestation of COVID-19 can be characterized by mild upper respiratory tract infection, lower respiratory tract infection involving non-life threatening pneumonia, and life-threatening pneumonia with acute respiratory distress syndrome. It affects all age groups, including newborns, to the elders. Particularly, pregnant women may be more susceptible to COVID-19 since pregnant women, in general, are vulnerable to respiratory infection. In pregnant women with COVID-19, there is no evidence for vertical transmission of the virus, but an increased prevalence of preterm deliveries. The COVID-19 may alter immune responses at the maternal-fetal interface, and affect the well-being of mothers and infants. In this review, we focused on the reason why pregnant women are more susceptible to COVID-19 and the potential maternal and fetal complications from an immunological viewpoint.
JO  - Journal of Reproductive Immunology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 103122-103122
SP  - 103122
EP  - 103122
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jri.2020.103122
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165037820300437
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - WHO IHR Emergency Committee for the COVID-19 Outbreak
AU  - Jee, Youngmee
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Not available
JO  - Epidemiol Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 0
IS  - 0
PG  - e2020013-0
SP  - e2020013
EP  - 0
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4178/epih.e2020013
UR  - https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2020013 http://www.e-epih.org/journal/view.php?number=1080
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Using the big data ofinternet to understand coronavirus disease 2019's symptom characteristics: a big data study]
AU  - Qiu, H. J.
AU  - Yuan, L. X.
AU  - Huang, X. K.
AU  - Zhou, Y. Q.
AU  - Wu, Q. W.
AU  - Zheng, R.
AU  - Yang, Q. T.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: Analyzing the symptom characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-19) to improve its prevention. Methods: Using Baidu Index Platform (http://index.baidu.com) and the website of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention as data resources to obtain the search volume (SV) of keywords for symptoms associated with COVID-19 from January 1 to February 20 in each year from 2017 to 2020, in Hubei province and other top 10 impacted provinces in China and the epidemic data. Data of 2020 were compared with the previous three years. Data of Hubei province were compared with confirmed cases. The differences and characteristics of the SV of COVID-19-related symptoms, and the correlation between the SV of COVID-19 and new confirmed or suspected cases were analyzed and the hysteresis effects were discussed. Results: Compared the data from January 1 to February 20, 2020, with the SV for the same period of previous three years, Hubei's SV for cough, fever, diarrhea, chest tightness, dyspnea and other symptoms were significantly increased. The total SV of lower respiratory symptoms was significantly higher than that of upper respiratory symptoms (P<0.001). The SV of COVID-19 in Hubei province was significantly correlated with new confirmed or suspected cases (R(confirmed) = 0.723, R(suspected) = 0.863, all P < 0.001). The results of the distributed lag model suggested that the patients who retrieved relevant symptoms on the Internet may begin to see a doctor in 2-3 days later and be diagnosed in 3-4 days later. Conclusions: The total SV of lower respiratory symptoms is higher than that of upper respiratory symptoms, and the SV of diarrhea also increased significantly. It warns us to pay attention to not only the symptoms of lower respiratory tract, but also the gastrointestinal symptoms, especially diarrhea in patients with COVID-19. There is a relationship between Internet retrieval behavior and the number of new confirmed or suspected cases. Big data has a certain role in the early warning of infectious diseases.
JO  - Zhonghua er bi yan hou tou jing wai ke za zhi = Chinese journal of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 55
IS  - 0
PG  - E004-E004
SP  - E004
EP  - E004
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20200225-00128
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Trial of Lopinavir-Ritonavir in Adults Hospitalized with Severe Covid-19
AU  - Cao, Bin
AU  - Wang, Yeming
AU  - Wen, Danning
AU  - Liu, Wen
AU  - Wang, Jingli
AU  - Fan, Guohui
AU  - Ruan, Lianguo
AU  - Song, Bin
AU  - Cai, Yanping
AU  - Wei, Ming
AU  - Li, Xingwang
AU  - Xia, Jiaan
AU  - Chen, Nanshan
AU  - Xiang, Jie
AU  - Yu, Ting
AU  - Bai, Tao
AU  - Xie, Xuelei
AU  - Zhang, Li
AU  - Li, Caihong
AU  - Yuan, Ye
AU  - Chen, Hua
AU  - Li, Huadong
AU  - Huang, Hanping
AU  - Tu, Shengjing
AU  - Gong, Fengyun
AU  - Liu, Ying
AU  - Wei, Yuan
AU  - Dong, Chongya
AU  - Zhou, Fei
AU  - Gu, Xiaoying
AU  - Xu, Jiuyang
AU  - Liu, Zhibo
AU  - Zhang, Yi
AU  - Li, Hui
AU  - Shang, Lianhan
AU  - Wang, Ke
AU  - Li, Kunxia
AU  - Zhou, Xia
AU  - Dong, Xuan
AU  - Qu, Zhaohui
AU  - Lu, Sixia
AU  - Hu, Xujuan
AU  - Ruan, Shunan
AU  - Luo, Shanshan
AU  - Wu, Jing
AU  - Peng, Lu
AU  - Cheng, Fang
AU  - Pan, Lihong
AU  - Zou, Jun
AU  - Jia, Chunmin
AU  - Wang, Juan
AU  - Liu, Xia
AU  - Wang, Shuzhen
AU  - Wu, Xudong
AU  - Ge, Qin
AU  - He, Jing
AU  - Zhan, Haiyan
AU  - Qiu, Fang
AU  - Guo, Li
AU  - Huang, Chaolin
AU  - Jaki, Thomas
AU  - Hayden, Frederick G.
AU  - Horby, Peter W.
AU  - Zhang, Dingyu
AU  - Wang, Chen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: No therapeutics have yet been proven effective for the treatment of severe illness caused by SARS-CoV-2. METHODS: We conducted a randomized, controlled, open-label trial involving hospitalized adult patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, which causes the respiratory illness Covid-19, and an oxygen saturation (Sao(2)) of 94% or less while they were breathing ambient air or a ratio of the partial pressure of oxygen (Pao(2)) to the fraction of inspired oxygen (Fio(2)) of less than 300 mm Hg. Patients were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive either lopinavir-ritonavir (400 mg and 100 mg, respectively) twice a day for 14 days, in addition to standard care, or standard care alone. The primary end point was the time to clinical improvement, defined as the time from randomization to either an improvement of two points on a seven-category ordinal scale or discharge from the hospital, whichever came first. RESULTS: A total of 199 patients with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection underwent randomization; 99 were assigned to the lopinavir-ritonavir group, and 100 to the standard-care group. Treatment with lopinavir-ritonavir was not associated with a difference from standard care in the time to clinical improvement (hazard ratio for clinical improvement, 1.24; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.90 to 1.72). Mortality at 28 days was similar in the lopinavir-ritonavir group and the standard-care group (19.2% vs. 25.0%; difference, -5.8 percentage points; 95% CI, -17.3 to 5.7). The percentages of patients with detectable viral RNA at various time points were similar. In a modified intention-to-treat analysis, lopinavir-ritonavir led to a median time to clinical improvement that was shorter by 1 day than that observed with standard care (hazard ratio, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.00 to 1.91). Gastrointestinal adverse events were more common in the lopinavir-ritonavir group, but serious adverse events were more common in the standard-care group. Lopinavir-ritonavir treatment was stopped early in 13 patients (13.8%) because of adverse events. CONCLUSIONS: In hospitalized adult patients with severe Covid-19, no benefit was observed with lopinavir-ritonavir treatment beyond standard care. Future trials in patients with severe illness may help to confirm or exclude the possibility of a treatment benefit. (Funded by Major Projects of National Science and Technology on New Drug Creation and Development and others; Chinese Clinical Trial Register number, ChiCTR2000029308.).
JO  - The New England journal of medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMoa2001282
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Transmission routes of 2019-nCoV and controls in dental practice
AU  - Peng, X.
AU  - Xu, X.
AU  - Li, Y.
AU  - Cheng, L.
AU  - Zhou, X.
AU  - Ren, B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A novel β-coronavirus (2019-nCoV) caused severe and even fetal pneumonia explored in a seafood market of Wuhan city, Hubei province, China, and rapidly spread to other provinces of China and other countries. The 2019-nCoV was different from SARS-CoV, but shared the same host receptor the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). The natural host of 2019-nCoV may be the bat Rhinolophus affinis as 2019-nCoV showed 96.2% of whole-genome identity to BatCoV RaTG13. The person-to-person transmission routes of 2019-nCoV included direct transmission, such as cough, sneeze, droplet inhalation transmission, and contact transmission, such as the contact with oral, nasal, and eye mucous membranes. 2019-nCoV can also be transmitted through the saliva, and the fetal-oral routes may also be a potential person-to-person transmission route. The participants in dental practice expose to tremendous risk of 2019-nCoV infection due to the face-to-face communication and the exposure to saliva, blood, and other body fluids, and the handling of sharp instruments. Dental professionals play great roles in preventing the transmission of 2019-nCoV. Here we recommend the infection control measures during dental practice to block the person-to-person transmission routes in dental clinics and hospitals.
JO  - International journal of oral science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 12
IS  - 1
PG  - 9
SP  - 9
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41368-020-0075-9
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L631156600 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41368-020-0075-9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Thoughts and practice on the treatment of severe and critical new coronavirus pneumonia]
AU  - Li, H. C.
AU  - Ma, J.
AU  - Zhang, H.
AU  - Cheng, Y.
AU  - Wang, X.
AU  - Hu, Z. W.
AU  - Li, N.
AU  - Deng, X. R.
AU  - Zhang, Y.
AU  - Zheng, X. Z.
AU  - Yang, F.
AU  - Weng, H. Y.
AU  - Dong, J. P.
AU  - Liu, J. W.
AU  - Wang, Y. Y.
AU  - Liu, X. M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Severe and critical coronavirus pneumonia 2019 (COVID-19) often occurs in elder patients with multiple comorbidities, and severe hypoxemia events are an important factor in the deterioration of some cases. The critical type of COVID-19 could progress to acute respiratory distress syndrome and multi-organ dysfunction, which are the most important causes of death. Early start with non-invasive ventilation (NIV) against the possible physiological abnormalities could be helpful to improve prognosis. Close monitoring of oxygenation, reducing patients' oxygen consumption, active psychological intervention, and rapidly dealing with severe hypoxemia events are the key factors for the successful treatment of NIV. In addition, active adjuvant therapy is also important, such as correcting coagulation dysfunction, providing proper nutritional support, accurate volume control, and safe individualized blood glucose monitoring and control.
JO  - Zhonghua jie he he hu xi za zhi = Zhonghua jiehe he huxi zazhi = Chinese journal of tuberculosis and respiratory diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 0
PG  - E038-E038
SP  - E038
EP  - E038
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20200312-00320
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - There may be virus in conjunctival secretion of patients with COVID-19
AU  - Liang, Liang
AU  - Wu, Ping
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Acta Ophthalmologica
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/aos.14413
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/aos.14413
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A systematic approach is needed to contain COVID-19 globally
AU  - Zhao, Wenwu
AU  - Zhang, Junze
AU  - Meadows, Michael E.
AU  - Liu, Yanxu
AU  - Hua, Ting
AU  - Fu, Bojie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Science Bulletin
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scib.2020.03.024
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095927320301663
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Safety and efficacy of different anesthetic regimens for parturients with COVID-19 undergoing Cesarean delivery: a case series of 17 patients TT - Securite et efficacite de differents modes danesthesie pour des parturientes infectees par la COVID-19 accouchant par cesarienne: une serie de 17cas
AU  - Chen, Rong
AU  - Zhang, Yuan
AU  - Huang, Lei
AU  - Cheng, Bi-Heng
AU  - Xia, Zhong-Yuan
AU  - Meng, Qing-Tao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - PURPOSE: To assess the management and safety of epidural or general anesthesia for Cesarean delivery in parturients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and their newborns, and to evaluate the standardized procedures for protecting medical staff. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the cases of parturients diagnosed with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection disease (COVID-19). Their epidemiologic history, chest computed tomography scans, laboratory measurements, and SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid positivity were evaluated. We also recorded the patients' demographic and clinicalcharacteristics, anesthesia and surgery-related data, maternal and neonatal complications, as well as the health status of the involved medical staff. RESULTS: The clinical characteristics of 17 pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV-2 were similar to those previously reported in non-pregnant adult patients. All of the 17 patients underwent Cesarean delivery with anesthesia performed according to standardized anesthesia/surgery procedures. Fourteen of the patients underwent continuous epidural anesthesia with 12 experiencing significant intraoperative hypotension. Three patients received general anesthesia with tracheal intubation because emergency surgery was needed. Three of the parturients are still recovering from their Cesarean delivery and are receiving in-hospital treatment for COVID-19. Three neonates were born prematurely. There were no deaths or serious neonatal asphyxia events. All neonatal SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid tests were negative. No medical staff were infected throughout the patient care period. CONCLUSIONS: Both epidural and general anesthesia were safely used for Cesarean delivery in the parturients with COVID-19. Nevertheless, the incidence of hypotension during epidural anesthesia appeared excessive. Proper patient transfer, medical staff access procedures, and effective biosafety precautions are important to protect medical staff from COVID-19.
JO  - Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12630-020-01630-7
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Routes for COVID-19 importation in Brazil | Journal of Travel Medicine | Oxford Academic
AU  - Darlan Da S Candido, MSc Alexander Watts PhD Leandro Abade DPhil Moritz U. G. Kraemer DPhil Oliver G. Pybus DPhil Julio Croda M. D. PhD Wanderson Oliveira PhD Kamran Khan M. D. M. P. H. Ester C. Sabino PhD Nuno R. Faria PhD
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Highlight The global outbreak caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been declared a pandemic by the WHO. As the number of imported SARS-CoV-2 cases is on the rise in Brazil, we use incidence and historical air travel data to estimate the most important routes of importation into the country.
JO  - Journal of Travel Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/jtm/advance-article/doi/10.1093/jtm/taaa042/5809508?searchresult=1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Respirators, quarantines, and worst-case scenarios: Lab animal facilities grapple with the pandemic
AU  - Grimm, David
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The U.S. National Institutes of Health announced this week it is “deeply concerned about the impact of [COVID-19] on the ability of … institutions to support the well-being of animals and personnel during this public health emergency.” And indeed, many universities are currently grappling with the best way to care for the millions of mice, monkeys, and other research animals they care for across the country, in addition to protecting the health of their own employees.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb7864
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/03/respirators-quarantines-and-worst-case-scenarios-lab-animal-facilities-grapple-pandemic
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Protection management and procedures of nuclear medicine imaging during novel coronavirus (2019-nCov) infection epidemic period
AU  - LAN, Xiaoli
AU  - SUN, Xun
AU  - QIN, Chunxia
AU  - RUAN, Weiwei
AU  - HU, Jia
AU  - LIN, Jing
AU  - HU, Fan
AU  - WANG, Ting
AU  - XIA, Xiaotian
AU  - ZHANG, Yongxue
AU  - AN, Rui
AU  - GAO, Zairong
AU  - WU, Yanyan
AU  - XIONG, Lijuan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - At the end of December 2019, acute respiratory infectious diseases caused by a new type of coronavirus were prevalent in Wuhan and other cities of China. Different from radiology examinations, the protocols of nuclear medical imaging examinations are complicated, in which more workplaces and staff are needed, resulting more complex management of patients and higher protection requirements. Combined with the characteristics of SPECT and PET imaging procedures, this paper puts forward some suggestions on the protective process of imaging examinations for patients with confirmed or suspected novel coronavirus infection. The main purpose is to protect medical staff from virus infection, effectively reduce the risk of virus transmission during the examination process, and ensure the medical quality and safety.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 40
IS  - 2
PG  - 105-107
SP  - 105
EP  - 107
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Presidential Powers and Response to COVID-19
AU  - Gostin, Lawrence O.
AU  - Hodge, James G.
AU  - Wiley, Lindsay F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) modeling suggests that, without mitigation, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), could infect more than 60% of the US population.1 President Trump has declared a national emergency along with 50 governors declaring state emergencies (Figure), which are unprecedented actions. Social distancing aims to flatten the epidemic curve to moderate demand on the health system. Consequently, whether through voluntary actions or state mandates, individuals are increasingly sheltering at home, schools and universities are closing, businesses are altering operations, and mass gatherings are being canceled. On March 16, the health officers of 6 local governments in the San Francisco Bay Area issued mandatory orders to shelter in place, making it a misdemeanor offense to leave home for any nonessential purpose.
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.4335
UR  - https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2763423
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pregnancy and Perinatal Outcomes of Women With Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Pneumonia: A Preliminary Analysis
AU  - Liu, Dehan
AU  - Li, Lin
AU  - Wu, Xin
AU  - Zheng, Dandan
AU  - Wang, Jiazheng
AU  - Yang, Lian
AU  - Zheng, Chuansheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to describe the clinical manifestations and CT features of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pneumonia in 15 pregnant women and to provide some initial evidence that can be used for guiding treatment of pregnant women with COVID-19 pneumonia. MATERIALS AND METHODS. We reviewed the clinical data and CT examinations of 15 consecutive pregnant women with COVID-19 pneumonia in our hospital from January 20, 2020, to February 10, 2020. A semiquantitative CT scoring system was used to estimate pulmonary involvement and the time course of changes on chest CT. Symptoms and laboratory results were analyzed, treatment experiences were summarized, and clinical outcomes were tracked. RESULTS. Eleven patients had successful delivery (10 cesarean deliveries and one vaginal delivery) during the study period, and four patients were still pregnant (three in the second trimester and one in the third trimester) at the end of the study period. No cases of neonatal asphyxia, neonatal death, stillbirth, or abortion were reported. The most common early finding on chest CT was ground-glass opacity (GGO). With disease progression, crazy paving pattern and consolidations were seen on CT. The abnormalities showed absorptive changes at the end of the study period for all patients. The most common onset symptoms of COVID-19 pneumonia in pregnant women were fever (13/15 patients) and cough (9/15 patients). The most common abnormal laboratory finding was lymphocytopenia (12/15 patients). CT images obtained before and after delivery showed no signs of pneumonia aggravation after delivery. The four patients who were still pregnant at the end of the study period were not treated with antiviral drugs but had achieved good recovery. CONCLUSION. Pregnancy and childbirth did not aggravate the course of symptoms or CT features of COVID-19 pneumonia. All the cases of COVID-19 pneumonia in the pregnant women in our study were the mild type. All the women in this study-some of whom did not receive antiviral drugs-achieved good recovery from COVID-19 pneumonia.
JO  - AJR. American journal of roentgenology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-6
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2214/AJR.20.23072
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Precaution of SARS-CoV-2 infection in ophthalmology medical staff
AU  - Chen, Bo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - &lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;/b&gt;The epidemic of the SARS-CoV-2 infection has presented as a critical period. Until February 14th 2020, more than 55 000 cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection has been confirmed in China, which has a great impact on economy and society, and also seriously interfering with ordinary medical practice of ophthalmology. In order to protect ophthalmology medical staff from SARS-CoV-2 infection during the outbreak period, this paper suggests the necessary medical protective measures for ophthalmology outpatient and ward.&lt;/p&gt;
JO  - International Eye Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 20
IS  - 3
PG  - 580-582
SP  - 580
EP  - 582
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The possibility of COVID-19 transmission from eye to nose
AU  - Qing, Huiling
AU  - Li, Zhijie
AU  - Yang, Zhengwei
AU  - Shi, Menghai
AU  - Huang, Zixu
AU  - Song, Jinghui
AU  - Song, Zongming
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Acta Ophthalmologica
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/aos.14412
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/aos.14412
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Point-of-Care RNA-Based Diagnostic Device for COVID-19
AU  - Yang, Ting
AU  - Wang, Yung-Chih
AU  - Shen, Ching-Fen
AU  - Cheng, Chao-Min
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - At the end of 2019, the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), a fast-spreading respiratory disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was reported in Wuhan, China and has now affected over 123 countries globally [...]
JO  - Diagnostics 2020, Vol. 10, Page 165
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 10
IS  - 3
PG  - 165-165
SP  - 165
EP  - 165
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/DIAGNOSTICS10030165
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The performance and professionalism of nurses in the fight against the new outbreak of COVID-19 epidemic of Chinese nurses is laudable
AU  - Jiang, Li
AU  - Broome, Marion E.
AU  - Ning, Chuanyi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International Journal of Nursing Studies
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 103578-103578
SP  - 103578
EP  - 103578
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2020.103578
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0020748920300638
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)—An emerging global health threat
AU  - Arshad Ali, Shajeea
AU  - Baloch, Mariam
AU  - Ahmed, Naseem
AU  - Arshad Ali, Asadullah
AU  - Iqbal, Ayman
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) causing novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia (NCIP), has affected the lives of 71,429 people globally. Originating in China, the disease has a rapid progression to other countries. Research suggests remarkable genomic resemblance of 2019-nCoV with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) which has a history of a pandemic in 2002. With evidence of nosocomial spread, a number of diligent measures are being employed to constrain its propagation. Hence, the Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) has been established by the World Health Organization (WHO) with strategic objectives for public health to curtail its impact on global health and economy.
JO  - Journal of Infection and Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiph.2020.02.033
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876034120303658
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - One Health approach and Coronavirus Disease 2019
AU  - Ahmad, Tauseef
AU  - Hui, Jin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/21645515.2020.1732168
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - On the possibility of interrupting the coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemic based on the best available scientific evidence
AU  - Silva, Antônio Augusto Moura da
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 23
IS  - 
PG  - e200021-e200021
SP  - e200021
EP  - e200021
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1590/1980-549720200021
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) emergency and the role of timely and effective national health surveillance
AU  - Lana, Raquel Martins
AU  - Coelho, Flávio Codeço
AU  - Gomes, Marcelo Ferreira da Costa
AU  - Cruz, Oswaldo Gonçalves
AU  - Bastos, Leonardo Soares
AU  - Villela, Daniel Antunes Maciel
AU  - Codeço, Cláudia Torres
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Cadernos de saude publica
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 36
IS  - 3
PG  - e00019620-e00019620
SP  - e00019620
EP  - e00019620
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1590/0102-311x00019620
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - News/Resources
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Student Affairs Today
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 23
IS  - 1
PG  - 2-2
SP  - 2
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/say.30727
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/say.30727
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - New coronavirus pneumonia COVID-19 and ocular surface transmission
AU  - Zhang, Ming-Zhi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - &lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;/b&gt;Since the end of 2019, the novel coronavirus pneumonia(COVID-19)has rapidly spread in Wuhan City, Hubei Province of China. This has aroused great concern of the Chinese government and the international community. There have been unconfirmed threads of COVID-19 patients with conjunctivitis as the first symptom. Therefore, the issue that whether and how the novel coronavirus strain SARS-CoV-2 infection is transmitted through the ocular surface has become a new concern. In the absence of clinical and experimental evidence of COVID-19 in ocular infection, we have conducted a retrospective literature analysis of viral pathogens that simultaneously trigger ocular lesions during the onset of epidemic diseases. The purpose of this paper is to provide some reference and suggestions for appropriately understanding of ocular protection in the prevention and control of the COVID-19.&lt;/p&gt;
JO  - International Eye Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 20
IS  - 3
PG  - 401-403
SP  - 401
EP  - 403
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - MFM Guidance for COVID-19
AU  - Boelig, Rupsa C.
AU  - Saccone, Gabriele
AU  - Bellussi, Federica
AU  - Berghella, Vincenzo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared COVID-19 a global pandemic. Healthcare providers should prepare internal guidelines covering all aspect of the organization in order to have their unit ready as soon as possible. This document addresses the current COVID-19 pandemic for maternal-fetal medicine (MFM) practitioners. The goals the guidelines put forth here are two fold- first to reduce patient risk through healthcare exposure, understanding that asymptomatic health systems/healthcare providers may become the most common vector for transmission, and second to reduce the public health burden of COVID-19 transmission throughout the general population. Box 1 outlines general guidance to prevent spread of COVID-19 and protect our obstetric patients. Section 1 outlines suggested modifications of outpatient obstetrical (prenatal) visits. Section 2 details suggested scheduling of obstetrical ultrasound. Section 3 reviews suggested modification of nonstress tests (NST) and biophysical profiles (BPP). Section 4 reviews suggested visitor policy for obstetric outpatient office. Section 5 discusses the role of trainees and medical education in the setting of a pandemic. These are suggestions, which can be adapted to local needs and capabilities. Guidance is changing rapidly, so please continue to watch for updates.
JO  - American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology MFM
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 100106-100106
SP  - 100106
EP  - 100106
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajogmf.2020.100106
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589933320300367
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mesenchymal stem cells and management of COVID-19 pneumonia
AU  - Metcalfe, Su M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Human coronavirus, hCoV-19, is highly pathogenic with severe pneumonia associated with rapid virus replication. Arising in Wuhan China December 2019, the current COVID-19 epidemic has rapidly grown with person-to-person infection expanding to become a global health emergency now on pandemic scale. In mitigation of this current COVID-19 pandemic, according to Anderson et al. 2020 [1], governments will not be able to minimise both deaths from COVID-19 and the economic impact of viral spread. Keeping mortality as low as possible will be the highest priority for individuals; hence governments must put in place measures to ameliorate the inevitable economic downturn. The current global picture shows small chains of transmission in many countries and large chains resulting in extensive spread in a few countries, such as Italy, Iran, South Korea, and Japan. Most countries are likely to have spread of COVID-19, at least in the early stages, before any mitigation measures have an impact. The scale of the problem is massive. Here I consider new approaches to improve patient's biological resistance to COVID-19 using stem cells, and how benefit might be scaled and simplified using synthetic stem cells to meet logistical needs within a short time frame.
JO  - Medicine in Drug Discovery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 100019-100019
SP  - 100019
EP  - 100019
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medidd.2020.100019
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590098620300087
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mass testing, school closings, lockdowns: Countries pick tactics in ‘war’ against coronavirus
AU  - Jon Cohen, Kai Kupferschmidt
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The United States and Europe have stopped hitting the snooze button. After 2 months of mostly waiting and seeing while the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) alarm sounded ever more loudly, many countries have suddenly implemented strict measures to slow the spread of the disease, which the World Health Organization (WHO) officially declared a pandemic on 13 March. Thousands of events have been canceled; schools, restaurants, bars, and clubs have been closed; and transit systems are at a standstill.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb7733
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/03/mass-testing-school-closings-lockdowns-countries-pick-tactics-war-against-coronavirus
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Lidocaine during intubation and extubation in patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19)
AU  - Aminnejad, Reza
AU  - Salimi, Alireza
AU  - Saeidi, Mohammad
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12630-020-01627-2
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - January 2020: What lies ahead?
AU  - Roberts, David J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Transfusion Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 30
IS  - 1
PG  - 3-4
SP  - 3
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/tme.12673
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/tme.12673
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Insight into COVID-2019 for pediatricians
AU  - Li, Yuanzhe
AU  - Guo, FeiFei
AU  - Cao, Yang
AU  - Li, LiFeng
AU  - Guo, YanJun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, patients with unexplained pneumonia have been found in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China. The pathogen in these cases is a new type of coronavirus. The World Health Organization confirmed this diagnosis and named the pathogen SARSCoV-2. The disease caused by SARSCoV-2 is called Corona Virus Disease (COVID-2019). The virus is highly infectious and pathogenic, causing human-to-human transmission. At present, SARSCoV-2 is still rampant in the world. Zhengzhou City in Henan Province serves as an example, 102 people have been confirmed to be infected with SARSCoV-2 (at 24:00 on February 5th, 2020), including three children, the youngest is 4 years old. From the perspective of clinical pediatricians as the first line fighting the epidemic, this paper will discuss the clinical characteristics, prevention and control measures, outcomes, diagnosis, and treatment of pediatric cases.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/ppul.24734
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Index
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Africa Research Bulletin: Political, Social and Cultural Series
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 57
IS  - 2
PG  - 22642A-22642C
SP  - 22642A
EP  - 22642C
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/j.1467-825X.2020.09348.x
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-825X.2020.09348.x
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Impact of COVID-19 infection on pregnancy outcomes and the risk of maternal-to-neonatal intrapartum transmission of COVID-19 during natural birth
AU  - Khan, Suliman
AU  - Peng, Liangyu
AU  - Siddique, Rabeea
AU  - Nabi, Ghulam
AU  - undefined, Nawsherwan
AU  - Xue, Mengzhou
AU  - Liu, Jianbo
AU  - Han, Guang
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - Little is known about the maternal-to-neonatal intrapartum transmission of COVID-19 via vaginal route. In this study, we report the adverse pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women infected with COVID-19 pneumonia and the risk of intrapartum transmission of COVID-19 via vaginal route. None of the three neonates were infected with COVID-19 delivered via natural birth. Only one neonate was delivered prematurely. No neonatal death and stillbirth were observed in pregnant women infected with COVID-19. Moreover, all of the neonates had normal birth weight, birth length, and normal Apgar score.
JO  - Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-9
SP  - 1
EP  - 9
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/ice.2020.84
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/impact-of-covid19-infection-on-pregnancy-outcomes-and-the-risk-of-maternaltoneonatal-intrapartum-transmission-of-covid19-during-natural-birth/BA399E7AAB9EF54CDB345CCCCF60BA74
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Identifying and Interrupting Superspreading Events-Implications for Control of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2
AU  - Frieden, Thomas R.
AU  - Lee, Christopher T.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - It appears inevitable that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 will continue to spread. Although we still have limited information on the epidemiology of this virus, there have been multiple reports of superspreading events (SSEs), which are associated with both explosive growth early in an outbreak and sustained transmission in later stages. Although SSEs appear to be difficult to predict and therefore difficult to prevent, core public health actions can prevent and reduce the number and impact of SSEs. To prevent and control of SSEs, speed is essential. Prevention and mitigation of SSEs depends, first and foremost, on quickly recognizing and understanding these events, particularly within healthcare settings. Better understanding transmission dynamics associated with SSEs, identifying and mitigating high-risk settings, strict adherence to healthcare infection prevention and control measures, and timely implementation of nonpharmaceutical interventions can help prevent and control severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, as well as future infectious disease outbreaks.
JO  - Emerging infectious diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 26
IS  - 6
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3201/eid2606.200495
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - PCOMM
TI  - Hypothesis: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers may increase the risk of severe COVID-19 | Journal of Travel Medicine | Oxford Academic
AU  - James H Diaz, M. D. Mph
AU  - Tm, Dr P. H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Highlight Intravenous infusions of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) in experimental animals increase the numbers of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors in the cardiopulmonary circulation. ACE2 receptors serve as binding sites for SARS-CoV-2 virions in the lungs. Patients who take ACEIs and ARBS may be at increased risk of severe disease outcomes due to SARS-CoV-2 infections.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/jtm/advance-article/doi/10.1093/jtm/taaa041/5809509?searchresult=1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Hypothesis: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers may increase the risk of severe COVID-19
AU  - Diaz, James H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Intravenous infusions of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) in experimental animals increase the numbers of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors in the cardiopulmonary circulation. ACE2 receptors serve as binding sites for SARS-CoV-2 virions in the lungs. Patients who take ACEIs and ARBS may be at increased risk of severe disease outcomes due to SARS-CoV-2 infections.
JO  - Journal of travel medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/jtm/taaa041
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Full Issue
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Africa Research Bulletin: Political, Social and Cultural Series
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 57
IS  - 2
PG  - I-I
SP  - I
EP  - I
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/j.1467-825X.2020.09306.x
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-825X.2020.09306.x
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Facing Covid-19 in Italy — Ethics, Logistics, and Therapeutics on the Epidemic’s Front Line
AU  - Rosenbaum, Lisa
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Facing Covid-19 in Italy Physicians in northern Italy have learned some painful lessons about rationing care during an epidemic. As health care systems work out ethical allocation principles, it se...
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - NEJMp2005492-NEJMp2005492
SP  - NEJMp2005492
EP  - NEJMp2005492
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMp2005492
UR  - http://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMp2005492
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Eyes on New Product Development
AU  - Novack, Gary D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In this period, a long-used topical ocular antihistamine was approved for switching from prescription to over-the-counter, new treatments continue to be evaluated in the treatment of dry eye and external diseases, and novel drug delivery systems are being evaluated in the clinic for the treatment of retinal diseases. Clinical trials for gene and cell therapies continue, although with a possible warning about safety issues for some therapies considering the COVID-19 (corona virus) outbreak. Approvals for novel therapeutics continue worldwide, providing more options for ophthalmic treatment. Regulatory and public policy issues include the application of laws and regulations for treatments for orphan diseases, selection of brand names, the use of animals in safety testing, and the quality of real-world data for drug approval. Two firms are collaborating on the use of digital technologies to ophthalmic therapeutics. Finally, the impact of “predatory journals” in the scientific community may be minimal. Ophthalmic Pharmaceutic
JO  - Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - jop.2020.29065.gdn-jop.2020.29065.gdn
SP  - jop.2020.29065.gdn
EP  - jop.2020.29065.gdn
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1089/jop.2020.29065.gdn
UR  - https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/jop.2020.29065.gdn
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Expert consensus on management principles of orthopedic emergency in the epidemic of Corona Virus Disease 2019
AU  - Tang, Pei-Fu
AU  - Hou, Zhi-Yong
AU  - Wu, Xin-Bao
AU  - Zhang, Chang-Qing
AU  - Wang, Jun-Wen
AU  - Xing, Xin
AU  - Shao, Zeng-Wu
AU  - Yu, Ai-Xi
AU  - Wang, Gang
AU  - Chen, Bin
AU  - Zhang, Ping
AU  - Hu, Yan-Jun
AU  - Wang, Bo-Wei
AU  - Guo, Xiao-Dong
AU  - Tang, Xin
AU  - Zhou, Dong-Sheng
AU  - Liu, Fan
AU  - Chen, Ai-Mi
AU  - Zhang, Kun
AU  - Li, Kai-Nan
AU  - Zhu, Yan-Bin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Chinese medical journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000810
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Emerging Pandemic of Coronavirus: The Urgent Need for Public Health Leadership
AU  - Hennekens, Charles H.
AU  - George, Safiya
AU  - Adirim, Terry A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The American Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2020.03.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0002934320302072
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Émergence du coronavirus SARS-CoV2 : faire face à l'épidémie de COVID-19
AU  - van der Werf, Sylvie
AU  - Peltékian, Cécile
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Virologie (Montrouge, France)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1684/vir.2020.0826
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Do children need a longer time to shed SARS-CoV-2 in stool than adults?
AU  - Ma, Xiang
AU  - Su, Liang
AU  - Zhang, Yunkui
AU  - Zhang, Xiuzhen
AU  - Gai, Zhongtao
AU  - Zhang, Zhongfa
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - SARS-CoV-2 can be shed in the stool of patients in the recovery phase. Children show a longer shedding time than adults. We analyzed the possible causes of this finding and recommend that a negative stool sample be included in a patient’s discharge criteria.
JO  - Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2020.03.010
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1684118220300700
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Deciphering the power of isolation in controlling COVID-19 outbreaks
AU  - Niud, Yan
AU  - Xu, Fujie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Global Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 8
IS  - 4
PG  - e452-e453
SP  - e452
EP  - e453
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30085-1
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30085-1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - COVID-19: social distancing, ACE 2 receptors, protease inhibitors and beyond?
AU  - Thomson, George
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - I am most grateful to Dr Stein for his thoughtful and considered response to my recent letter((1)) . However, completely as he predicted, his answers only raised more questions. I was struck by the analysis of the known mortality data from COVID-19. It is interesting that for a respiratory pathogen, risk of mortality seems to be lower for those with underlying respiratory disease than with pre-existing cardiac pathology.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - e13503-e13503
SP  - e13503
EP  - e13503
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/ijcp.13503
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: how doctors and healthcare systems are tackling coronavirus worldwide
AU  - Tanne, Janice Hopkins
AU  - Hayasaki, Erika
AU  - Zastrow, Mark
AU  - Pulla, Priyanka
AU  - Smith, Paul
AU  - Rada, Acer Garcia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As coronavirus continues to spread, doctors and healthcare systems are facing a multitude of challenges at all stages of the pandemic The United States declared a national emergency on 13 March as covid-19 spread to 49 of the country’s 50 states. President Donald Trump announced $50bn (£42.1bn; €45.6bn) to help combat the virus, as well as powers to waive laws and restrictions to make care more available, such as through telehealth and allowing doctors to practise in states they are not licensed in. The president—who has tested negative for covid-19 after contact with an infected Brazilian official—said that many more test kits would soon be available, as would a website to guide people as to signs of infection and whether they should seek testing. The vice president, Mike Pence, who is in charge of response to the outbreak, said that the focus was on the partnership between the government, private companies, and commercial and public laboratories to make widespread testing available. About 2000 laboratories would soon be able to process the tests, he said. The US government had faced mounting criticism over its response and admitted to failing to provide enough test kits. In the 13 March press conference Trump said that the Food and Drug Administration had approved a new test from the drug manufacturer Roche and that half a million of the kits would be available by 22 March, five million within a month. Deborah Birx, the White House response coordinator for covid-19, said that the tests would provide answers within 24 to 36 hours. The president also said that the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) would open a website (www.coronavirus.gov)1 to help people decide whether they should seek testing. Leaders of commercial testing laboratories, drug store chains, and mass market retailers said that …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1090-m1090
SP  - m1090
EP  - m1090
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1090
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1090
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19, an emerging coronavirus infection: advances and prospects in designing and developing vaccines, immunotherapeutics, and therapeutics
AU  - Dhama, Kuldeep
AU  - Sharun, Khan
AU  - Tiwari, Ruchi
AU  - Dadar, Maryam
AU  - Malik, Yashpal Singh
AU  - Singh, Karam Pal
AU  - Chaicumpa, Wanpen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19 or Coronavirus disease 2019) that emerged from Wuhan, Hubei province of China has spread to many countries worldwide. Efforts have been made to develop vaccines against human coronavirus (CoV) infections such as MERS and SARS in the past decades. However, to date, no licensed antiviral treatment or vaccine exists for MERS and SARS. Most of the efforts for developing CoV vaccines and drugs target the spike glycoprotein or S protein, the major inducer of neutralizing antibodies. Although a few candidates have shown efficacy in in vitro studies, not many have progressed to randomized animal or human trials, hence may have limited use to counter COVID-19 infection. This article highlights ongoing advances in designing vaccines and therapeutics to counter COVID-19 while also focusing on such experiences and advances as made with earlier SARS- and MERS-CoVs, which together could enable efforts to halt this emerging virus infection.
JO  - Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-7
SP  - 1
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/21645515.2020.1735227
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19 exposes weaknesses in European response to outbreaks
AU  - Anderson, Michael
AU  - McKee, Martin
AU  - Mossialos, Elias
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - European countries must work together in the common interest Covid-19 continues to spread across Europe. Italy, Germany, Spain, and France have all diagnosed over 6000 cases.1 Italy, which has diagnosed over 27 000, the highest number outside China, has implemented nationwide restrictions on movement. On 10 March, the European Council met by video link to discuss the joint European approach to covid-19.2 Four priorities were identified: limiting the spread of the virus, provision of medical equipment, promotion of research, and dealing with the socioeconomic consequences. The importance of strengthening solidarity, cooperation, and exchange of information between member states was also reiterated. Despite high level political commitment from the EU, the ongoing spread of covid-19 exposes important obstacles to developing a comprehensive European response to infectious disease outbreaks. Member states have long guarded their national responsibility for health services.3 There are provisions within European treaties for acting together on public health issues, but they are limited. …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1075-m1075
SP  - m1075
EP  - m1075
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1075
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1075
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Covid-19 - The Search for Effective Therapy
AU  - Baden, Lindsey R.
AU  - Rubin, Eric J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMe2005477
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19 - The Law and Limits of Quarantine
AU  - Parmet, Wendy E.
AU  - Sinha, Michael S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The New England journal of medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMp2004211
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Correction to: COVID-19: a novel coronavirus and a novel challenge for critical care
AU  - Arabi, Yaseen M.
AU  - Murthy, Srinivas
AU  - Webb, Steve
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake.
JO  - Intensive Care Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00134-020-06009-2
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00134-020-06009-2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - PCOMM
TI  - Coronaviruses and the cardiovascular system: acute and long-term implications | European Heart Journal | Oxford Academic
AU  - Tian-Yuan Xiong, Simon Redwood Bernard Prendergast Mao Chen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The recent outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) provides a further challenge in the battle against outbreaks of novel virus infections and has been declared a public health emergency of international concern. Much has been learnt in the course of preceding epidemics, including severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), and H1N1 influenza, and it is now recognized that their overall health burden may be under-estimated since extra-pulmonary manifestations are frequent.1 Acute and chronic cardiovascular complications of pneumonia are common and result from various mechanisms, including relative ischaemia, systemic inflammation, and pathogen-mediated damage. There is, however, only limited published data concerning cardiovascular presentations in the wake of viral epidemics. The present COVID-19 outbreak emphasizes the need for greater awareness of the immediate and long-term cardiovascular implications of viral infection and the significant gaps in knowledge that future research will need to address.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/advance-article/doi/10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa231/5809453?searchresult=1#200884126
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronaviruses and the cardiovascular system: acute and long-term implications
AU  - Xiong, Tian-Yuan
AU  - Redwood, Simon
AU  - Prendergast, Bernard
AU  - Chen, Mao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European heart journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa231
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus: three things all governments and their science advisers must do now
AU  - Nature
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Follow World Health Organization advice, end secrecy in decision-making and cooperate globally.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00772-4
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00772-4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The coronavirus pandemic in five powerful charts
AU  - Ewen Callaway, David Cyranoski, Smriti Mallapaty, Emma Stoye, Jeff Tollefson
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - From papers published to carbon emissions to confirmed cases, these data reveal an unprecedented viral outbreak and its impacts around the world.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00758-2
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - „Coronavirus disease 2019“ (COVID-19): update für Anästhesisten und Intensivmediziner März 2020
AU  - Thomas-Rüddel, D.
AU  - Winning, J.
AU  - Dickmann, P.
AU  - Ouart, D.
AU  - Kortgen, A.
AU  - Janssens, U.
AU  - Bauer, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Die neu aufgetretene Atemwegserkrankung „coronavirus disease 2019“ (COVID-19) hat Deutschland erreicht. Die Erkrankung verläuft in den meisten Fällen leicht, aber der kleinere Anteil an schwer Erkrankten wird stationär und auch intensivmedizinisch behandelt werden. Im Gegensatz zu anderen akuten Infektionskrankheiten zeigen die schweren Verläufe eine langsame Progredienz von den ersten Symptomen bis zur lebensbedrohlichen Verschlechterung. Die Diagnosestellung erfolgt mithilfe der Polymerase-Kettenreaktion (PCR) aus Proben des Respirationstrakts. Ein schweres „acute respiratory distress syndrome“ (ARDS) ist charakteristisch für die kritischen Verläufe. Der Vermeidung nosokomialer Infektionen, insbesondere durch korrekte Anwendung der Schutzausrüstung, und der Aufrechterhaltung des Krankenhausbetriebs kommen zentrale Bedeutung zu. Auch in der Anästhesie und Notfallmedizin ist mit erheblichen Herausforderungen zu rechnen.
JO  - Der Anaesthesist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-11
SP  - 1
EP  - 11
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00101-020-00758-x
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00101-020-00758-x
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical outcome of 55 asymptomatic cases at the time of hospital admission infected with SARS-Coronavirus-2 in Shenzhen, China
AU  - Wang, Yanrong
AU  - Liu, Yingxia
AU  - Liu, Lei
AU  - Wang, Xianfeng
AU  - Luo, Nijuan
AU  - Ling, Li
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - An epidemic caused by SARS-Coronavirus-2 infection has spread unexpectedly in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China since December 2019. It is rarely reported about asymptomatic cases screened from close contacts. We study epidemiological and clinical outcome of 55 asymptomatic carriers who were laboratory-confirmed positive for the SARS-Coronavirus-2 by testing the nucleic acid of the pharyngeal swab samples. The evidence showed that asymptomatic carriers occurred more often in middle aged people who had close contact with infected family members. The majority of the cases developed to be mild and ordinary COVID-19 during hospital.
JO  - The Journal of infectious diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/infdis/jiaa119
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - The Cholera Epidemics in Hamburg and What to Learn for COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2)
AU  - Tárnok, Attila
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - © 2020 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/cyto.a.23999
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The characteristics and clinical value of chest CT images of novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - Zhao, X.
AU  - Liu, B.
AU  - Yu, Y.
AU  - Wang, X.
AU  - Du, Y.
AU  - Gu, J.
AU  - Wu, X.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - AIM To investigate the characteristics and clinical value of chest computed tomography (CT) images of novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP). MATERIALS AND METHODS Clinical data and CT images of 80 cases of NCP were collected. The clinical manifestations and laboratory test results of the patients were analysed. The lesions in each lung segment of the patient's chest CT images were characterised. Lesions were scored according to length and diffusivity. RESULTS The main clinical manifestations were fever, dry cough, fatigue, a little white sputum, or diarrhoea. A total of 1,702 scored lesions were found in the first chest CT images of 80 patients. The lesions were located mainly in the subpleural area of the lungs (92.4%). Most of the lesions were ground-glass opacity, and subsequent fusions could increase in range and spread mainly in the subpleural area. Pulmonary consolidation accounted for 44.1% of all of the lesions. Of the 80 cases, 76 patients (95%) had bilateral lung disease, four (5%) patients had unilateral lung disease, and eight (10%) patients had cord shadow. CONCLUSION The chest CT of NCP patients is characterised by the onset of bilateral ground-glass lesions located in the subpleural area of the lung, and progressive lesions that result in consolidation with no migratory lesions. Pleural effusions and mediastinal lymphadenopathy are rare. As patients can have inflammatory changes in the lungs alongside a negative early nucleic acid test, chest CT, in combination with epidemiological and laboratory tests, is a useful examination to evaluate the disease and curative effect.
JO  - Clinical Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crad.2020.03.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0009926020300866
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Challenges and countermeasures on Chinese malaria elimination programme during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak]
AU  - Zhu, G. D.
AU  - Cao, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since the end of 2019, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been extensively epidemic in China, which not only seriously threatens the safety and health of Chinese people, but also challenges the management of other infectious diseases. Currently, there are still approximately three thousand malaria cases imported into China every year. If the diagnosis and treatment of malaria cases as well as the investigation and response of the epidemic foci are not carried out timely, it may endanger patients'lives and cause the possible of secondary transmission, which threatens the achievements of malaria elimination in China. Due to the extensive spread and high transmission ability of the COVID-19, there is a possibility of virus infections among malaria cases during the medical care-seeking behaviors and among healthcare professionals during clinical diagnosis and treatment, sample collection and testing and epidemiological surveys. This paper analyzes the challenges of the COVID-19 for Chinese malaria elimination programme, and proposes the countermeasures in response to the COVID-19 outbreak, so as to provide the reference for healthcare professionals.
JO  - Zhongguo xue xi chong bing fang zhi za zhi = Chinese journal of schistosomiasis control
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 32
IS  - 1
PG  - 7-9
SP  - 7
EP  - 9
AN  - 
DO  - 10.16250/j.32.1374.2020036
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Audio Interview: New Research on Possible Treatments for Covid-19
AU  - Rubin, Eric J.
AU  - Baden, Lindsey R.
AU  - Morrissey, Stephen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 382
IS  - 
PG  - e30-e30
SP  - e30
EP  - e30
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMe2005759
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - South Korea is reporting intimate details of COVID-19 cases: has it helped?
AU  - Zastrow, Mark
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Extensive contact tracing has slowed viral spread, but some say publicizing people’s movements raises privacy concerns.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00740-y
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00740-y
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The situation and responses of emerging infectious diseases in China
AU  - LI, Qun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since the 1990s, emerging infectious diseases have been found in the world. After SARS in 2003, there have been several domestic and imported emerging infectious diseases in China, indicating a not optimistic situation. The associated and driven factors of occurrence or spreading of emerging infectious diseases come from biological, natural and social fields. Therefore, the world health organization and the international community focus on the establishment of effective regional and international monitoring and response systems. Although the emerging infectious diseases response capacity in China has been systematically improved since the SARS epidemic in 2003, there still has deficiencies on mechanism and system. Considering the current emerging infectious diseases situation and challenge, the key area or pathogens and the tasks of capacity building on surveillance, early warning and response need to be clarified and strengthened in China.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 24
IS  - 2
PG  - 125-127，244
SP  - 125
EP  - 127，244
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Single cell RNA sequencing of 13 human tissues identify cell types and receptors of human coronaviruses
AU  - Qi, Furong
AU  - Qian, Shen
AU  - Zhang, Shuye
AU  - Zhang, Zheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak from December 2019 in Wuhan, Hubei, China, has been declared a global public health emergency. Angiotensin I converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), is the host receptor by SARS-CoV-2 to infect human cells. Although ACE2 is reported to be expressed in lung, liver, stomach, ileum, kidney and colon, its expressing levels are rather low, especially in the lung. SARS-CoV-2 may use co-receptors/auxiliary proteins as ACE2 partner to facilitate the virus entry. To identify the potential candidates, we explored the single cell gene expression atlas including 119 cell types of 13 human tissues and analyzed the single cell co-expression spectrum of 51 reported RNA virus receptors and 400 other membrane proteins. Consistent with other recent reports, we confirmed that ACE2 was mainly expressed in lung AT2, liver cholangiocyte, colon colonocytes, esophagus keratinocytes, ileum ECs, rectum ECs, stomach epithelial cells, and kidney proximal tubules. Intriguingly, we found that the candidate co-receptors, manifesting the most similar expression patterns with ACE2 across 13 human tissues, are all peptidases, including ANPEP, DPP4 and ENPEP. Among them, ANPEP and DPP4 are the known receptors for human CoVs, suggesting ENPEP as another potential receptor for human CoVs. We also conducted “CellPhoneDB” analysis to understand the cell crosstalk between CoV-targets and their surrounding cells across different tissues. We found that macrophages frequently communicate with the CoVs targets through chemokine and phagocytosis signaling, highlighting the importance of tissue macrophages in immune defense and immune pathogenesis.
JO  - Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.03.044
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0006291X20305234
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - SARS-CoV-2, the Virus that Causes COVID-19: Cytometry and the New Challenge for Global Health
AU  - Cossarizza, Andrea
AU  - De Biasi, Sara
AU  - Guaraldi, Giovanni
AU  - Girardis, Massimo
AU  - Mussini, Cristina
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/cyto.a.24002
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children
AU  - Lu, Xiaoxia
AU  - Zhang, Liqiong
AU  - Du, Hui
AU  - Zhang, Jingjing
AU  - Li, Yuan Y.
AU  - Qu, Jingyu
AU  - Zhang, Wenxin
AU  - Wang, Youjie
AU  - Bao, Shuangshuang
AU  - Li, Ying
AU  - Wu, Chuansha
AU  - Liu, Hongxiu
AU  - Liu, Di
AU  - Shao, Jianbo
AU  - Peng, Xuehua
AU  - Yang, Yonghong
AU  - Liu, Zhisheng
AU  - Xiang, Yun
AU  - Zhang, Furong
AU  - Silva, Rona M.
AU  - Pinkerton, Kent E.
AU  - Shen, Kunling
AU  - Xiao, Han
AU  - Xu, Shunqing
AU  - Wong, Gary W. K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children In this report, investigators in Wuhan, China, describe the spectrum of Covid-19 illness in children under the age of 16 years. Of 1391 children assessed and tested...
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - NEJMc2005073-NEJMc2005073
SP  - NEJMc2005073
EP  - NEJMc2005073
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMc2005073
UR  - http://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMc2005073
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 enterocolitis with persisting to excrete the virus for about two weeks after recovering from diarrhea: A case report
AU  - Hosoda, Tomohiro
AU  - Sakamoto, Mitsuo
AU  - Shimizu, Hideaki
AU  - Okabe, Nobuhiko
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/ice.2020.87
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/sarscov2-enterocolitis-with-persisting-to-excrete-the-virus-for-about-two-weeks-after-recovering-from-diarrhea-a-case-report/00F50CC267C07AD33265BA54F3866FC3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - HEALTH: Africa – Covid-19
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Africa Research Bulletin: Political, Social and Cultural Series
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 57
IS  - 2
PG  - 22639A-22640B
SP  - 22639A
EP  - 22640B
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/j.1467-825X.2020.09346.x
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-825X.2020.09346.x
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Analysis of COVID-19 infection spread in Japan based on stochastic transition model
AU  - Karako, Kenji
AU  - Song, Peipei
AU  - Chen, Yu
AU  - Tang, Wei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - To assess the effectiveness of response strategies of avoiding large gatherings or crowded areas and to predict the spread of COVID-19 infections in Japan, we developed a stochastic transmission model by extending the Susceptible-Infected-Removed (SIR) epidemiological model with an additional modeling of the individual action on whether to stay away from the crowded areas. The population were divided into three compartments: Susceptible, Infected, Removed. Susceptible transitions to Infected every hour with a probability determined by the ratio of Infected and the congestion of area. The total area consists of three zones crowded zone, mid zone and uncrowded zone, with different infection probabilities characterized by the number of people gathered there. The time for each people to spend in the crowded zone is curtailed by 0, 2, 4, 6, 7, and 8 hours, and the time spent in mid zone is extended accordingly. This simulation showed that the number of Infected and Removed will increase rapidly if there is no reduction of the time spent in crowded zone. On the other hand, the stagnant growth of Infected can be observed when the time spent in the crowded zone is reduced to 4 hours, and the growth number of Infected will decrease and the spread of the infection will subside gradually if the time spent in the crowded zone is further cut to 2 hours. In conclusions The infection spread in Japan will be gradually contained by reducing the time spent in the crowded zone to less than 4 hours.
JO  - BioScience Trends
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 2020.01482-2020.01482
SP  - 2020.01482
EP  - 2020.01482
AN  - 
DO  - 10.5582/bst.2020.01482
UR  - https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/bst/advpub/0/advpub_2020.01482/_article
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - An Analysis of 38 Pregnant Women with COVID-19, Their Newborn Infants, and Maternal-Fetal Transmission of SARS-CoV-2: Maternal Coronavirus Infections and Pregnancy Outcomes
AU  - Schwartz, David A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The emergence of a novel coronavirus, termed SARS-CoV-2, and the potentially life-threating respiratory disease that it can produce, COVID-19, has rapidly spread across the globe creating a massive public health problem. Previous epidemics of many emerging viral infections have typically resulted in poor obstetrical outcomes including maternal morbidity and mortality, maternal-fetal transmission of the virus, and perinatal infections and death. This communication reviews the effects of two previous coronavirus infections - severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) caused by SARS-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) caused by MERS-CoV - on pregnancy outcomes. In addition, it analyzes literature describing 38 pregnant women with COVID-19 and their newborns in China to assess the effects of SARS-CoV-2 on the mothers and infants including clinical, laboratory and virologic data, and the transmissibility of the virus from mother to fetus. This analysis reveals that unlike coronavirus infections of pregnant women caused by SARS and MERS, in these 38 pregnant women COVID-19 did not lead to maternal deaths. Importantly, and similar to pregnancies with SARS and MERS, there were no confirmed cases of intrauterine transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from mothers with COVID-19 to their fetuses. All neonatal specimens tested, including in some cases placentas, were negative by rt-PCR for SARS-CoV-2. At this point in the global pandemic of COVID-19 infection there is no evidence that SARS-CoV-2 undergoes intrauterine or transplacental transmission from infected pregnant women to their fetuses. Analysis of additional cases is necessary to determine if this remains true.
JO  - Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.5858/arpa.2020-0901-SA
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Am I Part of the Cure or Am I Part of the Disease? Keeping Coronavirus Out When a Doctor Comes Home
AU  - Rose, Christian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Am I Part of the Cure or Am I Part of the Disease? A front-line physician wonders how he can protect a vulnerable member of his household from the pathogens he’s exposed to in the ED — especially i...
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - NEJMp2004768-NEJMp2004768
SP  - NEJMp2004768
EP  - NEJMp2004768
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMp2004768
UR  - http://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMp2004768
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A 55-Day-Old Female Infant infected with COVID 19: presenting with pneumonia, liver injury, and heart damage
AU  - Cui, Yuxia
AU  - Tian, Maolu
AU  - Huang, Dong
AU  - Wang, Xike
AU  - Huang, Yuying
AU  - Fan, Li
AU  - Wang, Liang
AU  - Chen, Yun
AU  - Liu, Wenpu
AU  - Zhang, Kai
AU  - Wu, Yue
AU  - Yang, Zhenzhong
AU  - Tao, Jing
AU  - Feng, Jie
AU  - Liu, Kaiyu
AU  - Ye, Xianwei
AU  - Wang, Rongpin
AU  - Zhang, Xiangyan
AU  - Zha, Yan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Previous studies on the pneumonia outbreak caused by the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) were mainly based on information from adult populations. Limited data are available for children with COVID-19, especially for infected infants. We report a 55-day-old case with COVID-19 confirmed in China and describe the identification, diagnosis, clinical course, and treatment of the patient, including the disease progression from day 7 to day 11 of illness. This case highlights that children with COVID-19 can also present with multiple organ damage and rapid disease changes. When managing such patients, frequent and careful clinical monitoring is essential.
JO  - The Journal of infectious diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/infdis/jiaa113
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prolonged presence of SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA in faecal samples
AU  - Wu, Yongjian
AU  - Guo, Cheng
AU  - Tang, Lantian
AU  - Hong, Zhongsi
AU  - Zhou, Jianhui
AU  - Dong, Xin
AU  - Yin, Huan
AU  - Xiao, Qiang
AU  - Tang, Yanping
AU  - Qu, Xiujuan
AU  - Kuang, Liangjian
AU  - Fang, Xiaomin
AU  - Mishra, Nischay
AU  - Lu, Jiahai
AU  - Shan, Hong
AU  - Jiang, Guanmin
AU  - Huang, Xi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-1253(20)30083-2
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468125320300832
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Nowcasting and forecasting the potential domestic and international spread of the 2019-nCoV outbreak originating in Wuhan, China: a modelling study (vol 395, pg 689, 2020)
AU  - Wu, J. T.
AU  - Leung, K.
AU  - Leung, G. M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10225
PG  - E41-E41
SP  - E41
EP  - E41
AN  - WOS:000516755200001
DO  - 10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30302-0
UR  - <Go to ISI>://WOS:000516755200001
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - High-flow nasal-oxygenation-assisted fibreoptic tracheal intubation in critically ill patients with COVID-19 pneumonia: a prospective randomised controlled trial
AU  - Wu, Cai-Neng
AU  - Xia, Lin-Zhi
AU  - Li, Kun-Hong
AU  - Ma, Wu-Hua
AU  - Yu, Dong-Nan
AU  - Qu, Bo
AU  - Li, Bi-Xi
AU  - Cao, Ying
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - British Journal of Anaesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bja.2020.02.020
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0007091220301355
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: Knowns, Unknowns, and Questions
AU  - Weston, Stuart
AU  - Frieman, Matthew B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The recent emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) from the Hubei province in China in late 2019 demonstrates the epidemic potential of coronaviruses. The rapid spread of this virus across the world in only 2 months highlights the transmissibility of this family of viruses and the significant morbidity and mortality that they can cause. We highlight the current state of knowledge of coronavirus biology while answering questions concerning the current outbreak of SARS-CoV-2.
JO  - mSphere
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 5
IS  - 2
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1128/mSphere.00203-20
UR  - http://msphere.asm.org/lookup/doi/10.1128/mSphere.00203-20
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Temporal Changes of CT Findings in 90 Patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Longitudinal Study
AU  - Wang, Yuhui
AU  - Dong, Chengjun
AU  - Hu, Yue
AU  - Li, Chungao
AU  - Ren, Qianqian
AU  - Zhang, Xin
AU  - Shi, Heshui
AU  - Zhou, Min
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background CT may play a central role in the diagnosis and management of COVID-19 pneumonia. Purpose To perform a longitudinal study to analyze the serial CT findings over time in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. Materials and Methods During January 16 to February 17, 2020, 90 patients (male:female, 33:57; mean age, 45 years) with COVID-19 pneumonia were prospectively enrolled and followed up until they were discharged or died, or until the end of the study. A total of 366 CT scans were acquired and reviewed by 2 groups of radiologists for the patterns and distribution of lung abnormalities, total CT scores and number of zones involved. Those features were analyzed for temporal change. Results CT scores and number of zones involved progressed rapidly, peaked during illness days 6-11 (median: 5 and 5), and followed by persistence of high levels. The predominant pattern of abnormalities after symptom onset was ground-glass opacity (35/78 [45%] to 49/79 [62%] in different periods). The percentage of mixed pattern peaked (30/78 [38%]) on illness days 12-17, and became the second most predominant pattern thereafter. Pure ground-glass opacity was the most prevalent sub-type of ground-glass opacity after symptom onset (20/50 [40%] to 20/28 [71%]). The percentage of ground-glass opacity with irregular linear opacity peaked on illness days 6-11 (14/50 [28%)]) and became the second most prevalent subtype thereafter. The distribution of lesions was predominantly bilateral and subpleural. 66/70 (94%) patients discharged had residual disease on final CT scans (median CT scores and zones involved: 4 and 4), with ground-glass opacity (42/70 [60%]) and pure ground-glass opacity (31/42 [74%]) the most common pattern and subtype. Conclusion The extent of lung abnormalities on CT peaked during illness days 6-11. The temporal changes of the diverse CT manifestations followed a specific pattern, which might indicate the progression and recovery of the illness.
JO  - Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 200843-200843
SP  - 200843
EP  - 200843
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1148/radiol.2020200843
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - COVID-19 infection epidemic: the medical management strategies in Heilongjiang Province, China
AU  - Wang, Hongliang
AU  - Wang, Sicong
AU  - Yu, Kaijiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 24
IS  - 
PG  - 107-107
SP  - 107
EP  - 107
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s13054-020-2832-8
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Acute Small Bowel Pathology: Spectrum of Nonneoplastic Diseases on CT Updates on COVID-19 Infection During Pregnancy
AU  - Wang, Chen
AU  - Chen, Dun-Jin
AU  - Yang, Hui-Xia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Contemporary Diagnostic Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 6
PG  - 8
SP  - 8
EP  - 
AN  - 00219246-202003150-00002
DO  - 10.1097/01.CDR.0000656176.46709.fa 10.1097/fm9.0000000000000049
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/cdronline/Fulltext/2020/03150/Acute_Small_Bowel_Pathology__Spectrum_of.2.aspx https://journals.lww.com/mfm/Fulltext/latest/Updates_on_COVID_19_Infection_During_Pregnancy.99972.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Timely blood glucose management for the outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is urgently needed
AU  - Wang, Aihong
AU  - Zhao, Weibo
AU  - Xu, Zhangrong
AU  - Gu, Jianwen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Diabetes research and clinical practice
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 108118-108118
SP  - 108118
EP  - 108118
AN  - MEDLINE:32179126
DO  - 10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108118
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32179126
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Fetal tissue ban blocks study of potential coronavirus therapies
AU  - Wadman, Meredith
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The Trump administration’s 2019 ban on the use of human fetal tissue by scientists at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) is preventing a leading researcher from using special mice to test potential therapies for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), The Washington Post reports. According to the Post, Kim Hasenkrug, an immunologist at NIH’s Rocky Mountain Laboratories, has spent nearly 1 month appealing to the Trump administration to grant him an exemption to the administration’s strict policy. Federal restrictions imposed in June 2019 ban NIH scientists from using human fetal tissue donated after elective abortions.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb8054
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/03/fetal-tissue-ban-blocks-study-potential-coronavirus-therapies
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Endoribonuclease and Deubiquitinating Interferon Antagonists Differentially Modulate the Host Response during Replication in Macrophages
AU  - Volk, Aaron
AU  - Hackbart, Matthew
AU  - Deng, Xufang
AU  - Cruz-Pulido, Yazmin
AU  - O'Brien, Amornrat
AU  - Baker, Susan C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronaviruses encode multiple interferon antagonists that modulate the host response to virus replication. Here, we evaluated the host transcriptional response to infection with murine coronaviruses encoding independent mutations in one of two different viral antagonists: the deubiquitinase (DUB) within nonstructural protein 3 or the endoribonuclease (EndoU) within nonstructural protein 15. We used transcriptomics approaches to compare the scope and kinetics of the host response to the wild-type, DUBmut, and EndoUmut viruses in infected macrophages. We found that the EndoUmut virus activates a focused response predominantly involving type I interferons and interferon-related genes, whereas the WT and DUBmut viruses more broadly stimulate upregulation of over 2,800 genes, including networks associated with activating the unfolded protein response (UPR), and the proinflammatory response associated with viral pathogenesis. This study highlights the role of viral interferon antagonists in shaping the kinetics and magnitude of the host response during virus infection and demonstrates that inactivating a dominant viral antagonist, the coronavirus endoribonuclease, dramatically alters the host response in macrophages.ImportanceMacrophages are an important cell type during coronavirus infections because they "notice" the infection and respond by inducing type I interferons, which limits virus replication. In turn, coronaviruses encode proteins that mitigate the cell's ability to signal an interferon response. Here, we evaluated the host macrophage response to two independent mutant coronaviruses: one with reduced deubiquitinating activity (DUBmut) and the other containing an inactivated endoribonuclease (EndoUmut). We observed a rapid, robust, and focused response to the EndoUmut virus, which was characterized by enhanced expression of interferon and interferon-related genes. In contrast, wild-type virus and the DUBmut virus elicited a more limited interferon response and ultimately activated over 2,800 genes, including players in the unfolded protein response and pro-inflammatory pathways associated with progression of significant disease. This study reveals that EndoU activity substantially contributes to the ability of coronaviruses to evade the host innate response and to replicate in macrophages.
JO  - Journal of virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1128/JVI.00178-20
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - New blood tests for antibodies could show true scale of coronavirus pandemic
AU  - Vogel, Gretchen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - How many COVID-19 cases have gone undetected? And are those who had mild cases of the disease—perhaps so mild they dismissed it as a cold or allergies—immune to new infections? If so, they could slow the spread of the burgeoning pandemic. Labs and companies around the world have raced to develop antibody tests, and a few have been used in small studies and received commercial approval, including several from China. But so far, large-scale data from such tests—for example showing what fraction of people in the hard-hit city of Wuhan, China, might now be immune—is still lacking or at least not public. Scientists hope that will soon change as more tests become available.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb8028
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/03/new-blood-tests-antibodies-could-show-true-scale-coronavirus-pandemic
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Emerging WuHan (COVID-19) coronavirus: glycan shield and structure prediction of spike glycoprotein and its interaction with human CD26
AU  - Vankadari, Naveen
AU  - Wilce, Jacqueline A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The recent outbreak of pneumonia-causing COVID-19 in China is an urgent global public health issue with an increase in mortality and morbidity. Here we report our modelled homo-trimer structure of COVID-19 spike glycoprotein in both closed (ligand-free) and open (ligand-bound) conformation, which is involved in host cell adhesion. We also predict the unique N- and O-linked glycosylation sites of spike glycoprotein that distinguish it from the SARS and underlines shielding and camouflage of COVID-19 from the host the defence system. Furthermore, our study also highlights the key finding that the S1 domain of COVID-19 spike glycoprotein potentially interacts with the human CD26, a key immunoregulatory factor for hijacking and virulence. These findings accentuate the unique features of COVID-19 and assist in the development of new therapeutics.
JO  - Emerging microbes & infections
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
PG  - 601-604
SP  - 601
EP  - 604
AN  - MEDLINE:32178593
DO  - 10.1080/22221751.2020.1739565
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32178593
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): update for anesthesiologists and intensivists March 2020]
AU  - Thomas-Rüddel, D.
AU  - Winning, J.
AU  - Dickmann, P.
AU  - Ouart, D.
AU  - Kortgen, A.
AU  - Janssens, U.
AU  - Bauer, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The current outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has reached Germany. The majority of people infected present with mild disease, but there are severe cases that need intensive care. Unlike other acute infectious diseases progressing to sepsis, the severe courses of COVID19 seemingly show prolonged progression from onset of first symptoms to life-threatening deterioration of (primarily) lung function. Diagnosis relies on PCR using specimens from the respiratory tract. Severe ARDS reflects the hallmark of a critical course of the disease. Preventing nosocomial infections (primarily by correct use of personal protective equipment) and maintenance of hospitals' operational capability are of utmost importance. Departments of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care and emergency medicine will envisage major challenges.
JO  - Der Anaesthesist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00101-020-00758-x
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Recommendations for general surgery clinical practice in 2019 coronavirus disease situation]
AU  - Tao, K. X.
AU  - Zhang, B. X.
AU  - Zhang, P.
AU  - Zhu, P.
AU  - Wang, G. B.
AU  - Chen, X. P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The 2019 coronavirus disease(COVID-19) is a highly infectious disease, has a long incubation period and a variety of clinical manifestations, which has a significant impact on public health and life. Afterwards, scientific and standardized work processing during the epidemic is of great significance for prevention and control. In order to implement the central government's decision-making deployment and defeat the COVID-19 as soon as possible, we had focused on the key points in the clinical work of general surgery according to latest relevant guidelines, literature and experience in epidemic prevention. Finally, we drafted the prevention and control strategies and recommendations to make a reference for medical staff of general surgery to fight against COVID-19.
JO  - Zhonghua wai ke za zhi [Chinese journal of surgery]
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 58
IS  - 3
PG  - 170-177
SP  - 170
EP  - 177
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-5815.2020.03.003
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The novel coronavirus Covid-19: What are the ophthalmic risks?
AU  - Tahiri Joutei Hassani, R.
AU  - Sandali, O.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal francais d'ophtalmologie
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - MEDLINE:32165057
DO  - 10.1016/j.jfo.2020.02.001
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32165057
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Lower mortality of COVID-19 by early recognition and intervention: experience from Jiangsu Province
AU  - Sun, Qin
AU  - Qiu, Haibo
AU  - Huang, Mao
AU  - Yang, Yi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 10
IS  - 
PG  - 33-33
SP  - 33
EP  - 33
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s13613-020-00650-2
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical features of severe pediatric patients with coronavirus disease 2019 in Wuhan: a single center’s observational study
AU  - Sun, Dan
AU  - Li, Hui
AU  - Lu, Xiao-Xia
AU  - Xiao, Han
AU  - Ren, Jie
AU  - Zhang, Fu-Rong
AU  - Liu, Zhi-Sheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - An outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 was first detected in Wuhan, Hubei, China. People of all ages are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection. No information on severe pediatric patients with COVID-19 has been reported. We aimed to describe the clinical features of severe pediatric patients with COVID-19. We included eight severe or critically ill patients with COVID-19 who were treated at the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Wuhan Children’s Hospital from January 24 to February 24. We collected information including demographic data, symptoms, imaging data, laboratory findings, treatments and clinical outcomes of the patients with severe COVID-19. The onset age of the eight patients ranged from 2 months to 15 years; six were boys. The most common symptoms were polypnea (8/8), followed by fever (6/8) and cough (6/8). Chest imaging showed multiple patch-like shadows in seven patients and ground-glass opacity in six. Laboratory findings revealed normal or increased whole blood counts (7/8), increased C-reactive protein, procalcitonin and lactate dehydrogenase (6/8), and abnormal liver function (4/8). Other findings included decreased CD16 + CD56 (4/8) and Th/Ts*(1/8), increased CD3 (2/8), CD4 (4/8) and CD8 (1/8), IL-6 (2/8), IL-10 (5/8) and IFN-γ (2/8). Treatment modalities were focused on symptomatic and respiratory support. Two critically ill patients underwent invasive mechanical ventilation. Up to February 24, 2020, three patients remained under treatment in ICU, the other five recovered and were discharged home. In this series of severe pediatric patients in Wuhan, polypnea was the most common symptom, followed by fever and cough. Common imaging changes included multiple patch-like shadows and ground-glass opacity; and a cytokine storm was found in these patients, which appeared more serious in critically ill patients.
JO  - World Journal of Pediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-9
SP  - 1
EP  - 9
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12519-020-00354-4
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12519-020-00354-4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 pandemic: perspectives on an unfolding crisis
AU  - Spinelli, A.
AU  - Pellino, G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The British journal of surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/bjs.11627
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - First imported case of 2019 novel coronavirus in Canada, presenting as mild pneumonia (vol 395, pg 734, 2020)
AU  - Silverstein, W. K.
AU  - Stroud, L.
AU  - Cleghorn, G. E.
AU  - Leis, J. A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10225
PG  - E41-E41
SP  - E41
EP  - E41
AN  - WOS:000516755200033
DO  - 
UR  - <Go to ISI>://WOS:000516755200033
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Sobre a possibilidade de interrupção da epidemia pelo coronavírus (COVID-19) com base nas melhores evidências científicas disponíveis
AU  - Silva, Antônio Augusto Moura da
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 23
IS  - 
PG  - e200021-e200021
SP  - e200021
EP  - e200021
AN  - SCIELO:S1415-790X2020000100100
DO  - 10.1590/1980-549720200021
UR  - <Go to ISI>://SCIELO:S1415-790X2020000100100
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Host susceptibility to severe COVID-19 and establishment of a host risk score: findings of 487 cases outside Wuhan
AU  - Shi, Yu
AU  - Yu, Xia
AU  - Zhao, Hong
AU  - Wang, Hao
AU  - Zhao, Ruihong
AU  - Sheng, Jifang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The recent outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by a new zoonotic coronary virus, SARS-CoV-2 [1], is being a great threat to public health. Up to February 11, 2020, it is reported that over 70,000 persons have been infected with SARS-CoV-2 in China [2]. The COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection represents a spectrum of clinical severity [3,4,5]. Some patients are asymptomatic or have merely mild upper respiratory tract symptoms. However, SARS-CoV-2 causes pneumonia that can be severe and characterized by fever, cough, dyspnea, bilateral pulmonary infiltrates, and acute respiratory injury. It is estimated that approximately 20% of patients are developing severe respiratory illness, with the overall mortality around 2.3% [2]. Thereby, it is critical to identify individuals who confer intrinsic susceptibility to become severe or even critically ill upon infection, for the purposes of prevention and treatment, especially when there is no drug directly targeting at SARS-CoV-2 that has been proven to be clinically effective. In the study, we explored potential host risk factors associated with severe cases at admission in a retrospective cohort of 487 patients in Zhejiang Province of China and attempt to establish a score system to identify high-risk individuals. We reviewed medical records, laboratory findings, and pulmonary CT scan of each patient with COVID-19, provided by the local health authority and inputted into a pre-specified electronic data collection form. Clinical outcomes were followed up to February 17, 2020. The primary endpoint was occurrence of death and severe cases. A total of 487 COVID-19 patients were included for analysis, with 49 (10.1%) severe cases at admission. As shown in Table 1, severe cases are elderly (56 (17) vs. 45 (19), P < 0.001), with more male (73.5% vs. 50.9%, P = 0.003). They have a higher incidence of hypertension (53.1% vs. 16.7%, P < 0.001), diabetes (14.3% vs. 5.0%, P = 0.009), cardiovascular diseases (8.2% vs. 1.6%, P = 0.003), and malignancy (4.1% vs. 0.7%, P = 0.025), and less exposure to epidemic area (49.0% vs. 65.1%, P = 0.027), but more infected family members (P = 0.031). On multivariate analysis, elder age (OR 1.06 [95% CI 1.03–1.08], P < 0.001), male (OR 3.68 [95% CI 1.75–7.75], P = 0.001), and presence of hypertension (OR 2.71 [95% CI 1.32–5.59], P = 0.007) are independently associated with severe disease at admission, irrespective of adjustment of time to admission.[Truncated]
JO  - Critical Care
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 24
IS  - 1
PG  - 108-108
SP  - 108
EP  - 108
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s13054-020-2833-7
UR  - https://ccforum.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13054-020-2833-7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A CHOGM under COVID cloud
AU  - Sharfuddin, Syed
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The rapid spread of the Coronavirus, also known as COVID-19, has forced many governments to draw up emergency national plans to fight the pandemic and to issue revised travel advisories asking their nationals to undertake minimum overseas travel. Last month, the Swiss government cancelled the Geneva International Motor Show scheduled for March 2020 and advised local organisations to avoid holding functions attended by more than a thousand participants. The Olympic Committee is also seriously considering cancelling the Tokyo Olympics in July this year. On 17 March Europe’s biggest football event, Euro 2020, was postponed to 2021. The same consideration would apply to holding the Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting (CHOGM) in June this year. If an announcement to reschedule CHOGM is not taken soon, it will be assumed that the meeting is going ahead as scheduled. However, nearer the time a number of Heads of Government might not want to travel to Kigali where more than a thousand delegates from different climate zones and affected regions would rub shoulders against each other at the Opening Ceremony, share drinks at the Secretary-General’s traditional reception and sit close to each other at the Retreat sessions.[Truncated]
JO  - The Round Table
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/00358533.2020.1741892
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/00358533.2020.1741892
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - AI-Driven Tools for Coronavirus Outbreak: Need of Active Learning and Cross-Population Train/Test Models on Multitudinal/Multimodal Data
AU  - Santosh, K. C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak, which was identified in late 2019, requires special attention because of its future epidemics and possible global threats. Beside clinical procedures and treatments, since Artificial Intelligence (AI) promises a new paradigm for healthcare, several different AI tools that are built upon Machine Learning (ML) algorithms are employed for analyzing data and decision-making processes. This means that AI-driven tools help identify COVID-19 outbreaks as well as forecast their nature of spread across the globe. However, unlike other healthcare issues, for COVID-19, to detect COVID-19, AI-driven tools are expected to have active learning-based cross-population train/test models that employs multitudinal and multimodal data, which is the primary purpose of the paper.
JO  - Journal of medical systems
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 44
IS  - 5
PG  - 93-93
SP  - 93
EP  - 93
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s10916-020-01562-1
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - COVID-2019 and Pregnancy: A plea for transparent reporting of all cases
AU  - Sahu, Kamal Kant
AU  - Lal, Amos
AU  - Mishra, Ajay Kumar
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We read with great interest a recent editorial by Liang et al. on the management of COVID-19 in pregnancy. Their recommendations are clinically oriented and are likely to be useful to obstetricians and other healthcare professionals caring for such patients. However, we feel that development of evidence-based guidelines has been hindered by selective reporting of cases. We hereby would like to discuss a few additional points with regards to the challenges encountered while managing pregnant patients with COVID-19.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/aogs.13850
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Voice from China: nomenclature of the novel coronavirus and related diseases Asymptomatic Exophytic Plaques on the Penis of a Patient With HIV Infection: Challenge
AU  - Rozas-Muñoz, Eduardo
AU  - Mir-Bonafé, Juan Francisco
AU  - Mozos, Ana
AU  - Szafranska, Justyna
AU  - Puig, Luis
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Chinese Medical Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Publish Ahead of Print
IS  - 3
PG  - e28-e29
SP  - e28
EP  - e29
AN  - 00029330-900000000-99369
DO  - 10.1097/cm9.0000000000000787 10.1097/dad.0000000000001345
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/cmj/Fulltext/publishahead/Voice_from_China__nomenclature_of_the_novel.99369.aspx https://journals.lww.com/amjdermatopathology/Fulltext/2020/03000/Asymptomatic_Exophytic_Plaques_on_the_Penis_of_a.19.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical, laboratory and imaging features of COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis
AU  - Rodriguez-Morales, Alfonso J.
AU  - Cardona-Ospina, Jaime A.
AU  - Gutierrez-Ocampo, Estefania
AU  - Villamizar-Pena, Rhuvi
AU  - Holguin-Rivera, Yeimer
AU  - Escalera-Antezana, Juan Pablo
AU  - Alvarado-Arnez, Lucia Elena
AU  - Bonilla-Aldana, D. Katterine
AU  - Franco-Paredes, Carlos
AU  - Henao-Martinez, Andres F.
AU  - Paniz-Mondolfi, Alberto
AU  - Lagos-Grisales, Guillermo J.
AU  - Ramirez-Vallejo, Eduardo
AU  - Suarez, Jose A.
AU  - Zambrano, Lysien I.
AU  - Villamil-Gomez, Wilmer E.
AU  - Balbin-Ramon, Graciela J.
AU  - Rabaan, Ali A.
AU  - Harapan, Harapan
AU  - Dhama, Kuldeep
AU  - Nishiura, Hiroshi
AU  - Kataoka, Hiromitsu
AU  - Ahmad, Tauseef
AU  - Sah, Ranjit
AU  - Latin American Network of Coronavirus Disease, Covid-Research
AU  - Electronic address, https www lancovid org
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - INTRODUCTION: An epidemic of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) began in December 2019 in China leading to a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC). Clinical, laboratory, and imaging features have been partially characterized in some observational studies. No systematic reviews on COVID-19 have been published to date. METHODS: We performed a systematic literature review with meta-analysis, using three databases to assess clinical, laboratory, imaging features, and outcomes of COVID-19 confirmed cases. Observational studies and also case reports, were included, and analyzed separately. We performed a random-effects model meta-analysis to calculate the pooled prevalence and 95% confidence interval (95%CI). RESULTS: 660 articles were retrieved for the time frame (1/1/2020-2/23/2020). After screening, 27 articles were selected for full-text assessment, 19 being finally included for qualitative and quantitative analyses. Additionally, 39 case report articles were included and analyzed separately. For 656 patients, fever (88.7%, 95%CI 84.5-92.9%), cough (57.6%, 40.8-74.4%) and dyspnea (45.6%, 10.9-80.4%) were the most prevalent manifestations. Among the patients, 20.3% (95%CI 10.0-30.6%) required intensive care unit (ICU), 32.8% presented with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) (95%CI 13.7-51.8), 6.2% (95%CI 3.1-9.3) with shock. Some 13.9% (95%CI 6.2-21.5%) of hospitalized patients had fatal outcomes (case fatality rate, CFR). CONCLUSION: COVID-19 brings a huge burden to healthcare facilities, especially in patients with comorbidities. ICU was required for approximately 20% of polymorbid, COVID-19 infected patients and hospitalization was associated with a CFR of over 13%. As this virus spreads globally, countries need to urgently prepare human resources, infrastructure and facilities to treat severe COVID-19.
JO  - Travel medicine and infectious disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101623-101623
SP  - 101623
EP  - 101623
AN  - MEDLINE:32179124
DO  - 10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101623
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32179124
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Liver and Kidney Injuries in COVID-19 and Their Effects on Drug Therapy; a Letter to Editor
AU  - Rismanbaf, Ali
AU  - Zarei, Sara
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Archives of academic emergency medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 8
IS  - 1
PG  - e17-e17
SP  - e17
EP  - e17
AN  - MEDLINE:32185369
DO  - 
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32185369
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: pregnant doctors should speak to occupational health, say experts
AU  - Rimmer, Abi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1104-m1104
SP  - m1104
EP  - m1104
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1104
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and Pregnancy: Responding to a Rapidly Evolving Situation
AU  - Rasmussen, Sonja A.
AU  - Jamieson, Denise J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As the world confronts coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), an illness caused by yet another emerging pathogen (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 [SARS-CoV-2]), obstetric care providers are asking what this means for pregnant women. The global spread has been swift, and many key questions remain. The case-fatality rate for persons cared for in the United States and whether asymptomatic persons transmit the virus are examples of questions that need to be answered to inform public health control measures. There are also unanswered questions specific to pregnant women, such as whether pregnant women are more severely affected and whether intrauterine transmission occurs. Although guidelines for pregnant women from the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have been rapidly developed based on the best available evidence, additional information is critically needed to inform key decisions, such as whether pregnant health care workers should receive special consideration, whether to temporarily separate infected mothers and their newborns, and whether it is safe for infected women to breastfeed. Some current recommendations are well supported, based largely on what we know from seasonal influenza: patients should avoid contact with ill persons, avoid touching their face, cover coughs and sneezes, wash hands frequently, disinfect contaminated surfaces, and stay home when sick. Prenatal clinics should ensure all pregnant women and their visitors are screened for fever and respiratory symptoms, and symptomatic women should be isolated from well women and required to wear a mask. As the situation with COVID-19 rapidly unfolds, it is critical that obstetricians keep up to date. Corresponding author: Denise J. Jamieson, MD, MPH, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; email: djamieson@emory.edu. Financial Disclosure Sonja A. Rasmussen reports serving on the Teva Pregnancy Registry Advisory Committee, the Solriamfetol Pregnancy Registry Advisory Committee, and the Steering Committee for the Gilenya Pregnancy Registry. She hasn't received payment for any of these committees as of March 2020, but may receive payments in the future. In addition, she serves as a litigation consultant on behalf of Hoffmann-La Roche for a product liability claim regarding an alleged birth defect. These are not relevant to this article or COVID-19. The other author did not report any potential conflicts of interest. Each author has confirmed compliance with the journal's requirements for authorship. Peer reviews and author correspondence are available at http://links.lww.com/AOG/B822. Received March 08, 2020 Received in revised form March 12, 2020 Accepted March 12, 2020 © 2020 by The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
JO  - Obstetrics & Gynecology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Publish Ahead of Print
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00006250-900000000-97417
DO  - 10.1097/aog.0000000000003873
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/greenjournal/Fulltext/publishahead/Coronavirus_Disease_2019__COVID_19__and_Pregnancy_.97417.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Pandemic and Worries during Pregnancy; a Letter to Editor
AU  - Rashidi Fakari, Farzaneh
AU  - Simbar, Masoumeh
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Archives of academic emergency medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 8
IS  - 1
PG  - e21-e21
SP  - e21
EP  - e21
AN  - MEDLINE:32185371
DO  - 
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32185371
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - F-18-FDG PET/CT findings of COVID-19: a series of four highly suspected cases
AU  - Qin, Chunxia
AU  - Liu, Fang
AU  - Yen, Tzu-Chen
AU  - Lan, Xiaoli
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Purpose The aim of this case series is to illustrate the F-18-FDG PET/CT findings of patients with acute respiratory disease caused by COVID-19 in Wuhan, Hubei province of China. Methods We describe the F-18-FDG PET/CT results from four patients who were admitted to the hospital with respiratory symptoms and fever between January 13 and January 20, 2020, when the COVID-19 outbreak was still unrecognized and the virus infectivity was unknown. A retrospective review of the patients' medical history, clinical and laboratory data, as well as imaging findings strongly suggested a diagnosis of COVID-19. Results All patients had peripheral ground-glass opacities and/or lung consolidations in more than two pulmonary lobes. Lung lesions were characterized by a high F-18-FDG uptake and there was evidence of lymph node involvement. Conversely, disseminated disease was absent, a finding suggesting that COVID-19 has pulmonary tropism. Conclusions Although F-18-FDG PET/CT cannot be routinely used in an emergency setting and is generally not recommended for infectious diseases, our pilot data shed light on the potential clinical utility of this imaging technique in the differential diagnosis of complex cases.
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - WOS:000517419500001
DO  - 10.1007/s00259-020-04734-w
UR  - <Go to ISI>://WOS:000517419500001
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How COVID-19 Outbreak Is Impacting Colorectal Cancer Patients in Italy: A Long Shadow Beyond Infection
AU  - Pellino, Gianluca
AU  - Spinelli, Antonino
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Diseases of the Colon & Rectum
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Publish Ahead of Print
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00003453-900000000-99704
DO  - 10.1097/dcr.0000000000001685
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/dcrjournal/Fulltext/publishahead/How_COVID_19_Outbreak_Is_Impacting_Colorectal.99704.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Is nicotine exposure linked to cardiopulmonary vulnerability to COVID-19 in the general population?
AU  - Olds, J. L.
AU  - Kabbani, N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The recent emergence of COVID-19 has resulted in a worldwide crisis, with large populations locked down and transportation links severed. While approximately 80% of infected individuals have minimal symptoms, around 15-20% need to be hospitalized, greatly stressing global health care systems. As of March 10, the death rate appears to be about 3.4%, although this number is highly stratified among different populations. Here, we focus on those individuals who have been exposed to nicotine prior to their exposure to the virus. We predict that these individuals are "primed" to be at higher risk because nicotine can directly impact the putative receptor for the virus (ACE2) and lead to deleterious signaling in lung epithelial cells.
JO  - The FEBS journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/febs.15303
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in a paucisymptomatic patient: epidemiological and clinical challenge in settings with limited community transmission, Italy, February 2020
AU  - Nicastri, Emanuele
AU  - D’Abramo, Alessandra
AU  - Faggioni, Giovanni
AU  - Santis, Riccardo De
AU  - Mariano, Andrea
AU  - Lepore, Luciana
AU  - Molinari, Filippo
AU  - Petralito, Giancarlo
AU  - Fillo, Silvia
AU  - Munzi, Diego
AU  - Corpolongo, Angela
AU  - Bordi, Licia
AU  - Carletti, Fabrizio
AU  - Castiletti, Concetta
AU  - Colavita, Francesca
AU  - Lalle, Eleonora
AU  - Bevilacqua, Nazario
AU  - Giancola, Maria Letizia
AU  - Scorzolini, Laura
AU  - Lanini, Simone
AU  - Palazzolo, Claudia
AU  - Domenico, Angelo De
AU  - Spinelli, Maria Anna
AU  - Scognamiglio, Paola
AU  - Piredda, Paolo
AU  - Iacomino, Raffaele
AU  - Mone, Andrea
AU  - Puro, Vincenzo
AU  - Petrosillo, Nicola
AU  - Battistini, Antonio
AU  - Vairo, Francesco
AU  - Lista, Florigio
AU  - Ippolito, Giuseppe
AU  - INMI, on behalf of
AU  - groups, the Italian Army COVID-19 study
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Eurosurveillance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 25
IS  - 11
PG  - 2000230
SP  - 2000230
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.11.2000230
UR  - https://eurosurveillance.org/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.11.2000230
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Surveillance and Containment Measures for the First 100 Patients with COVID-19 in Singapore - January 2-February 29, 2020
AU  - Ng, Yixiang
AU  - Li, Zongbin
AU  - Chua, Yi Xian
AU  - Chaw, Wei Liang
AU  - Zhao, Zheng
AU  - Er, Benjamin
AU  - Pung, Rachael
AU  - Chiew, Calvin J.
AU  - Lye, David C.
AU  - Heng, Derrick
AU  - Lee, Vernon J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was first reported in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, and has since spread globally, resulting in >95,000 confirmed COVID-19 cases worldwide by March 5, 2020 (1). Singapore adopted a multipronged surveillance strategy that included applying the case definition at medical consults, tracing contacts of patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19, enhancing surveillance among different patient groups (all patients with pneumonia, hospitalized patients in intensive care units [ICUs] with possible infectious diseases, primary care patients with influenza-like illness, and deaths from possible infectious etiologies), and allowing clinician discretion (i.e., option to order a test based on clinical suspicion, even if the case definition was not met) to identify COVID-19 patients. Containment measures, including patient isolation and quarantine, active monitoring of contacts, border controls, and community education and precautions, were performed to minimize disease spread. As of March 5, 2020, a total of 117 COVID-19 cases had been identified in Singapore. This report analyzes the first 100 COVID-19 patients in Singapore to determine the effectiveness of the surveillance and containment measures. COVID-19 patients were classified by the primary means by which they were detected. Application of the case definition and contact tracing identified 73 patients, 16 were detected by enhanced surveillance, and 11 were identified by laboratory testing based on providers' clinical discretion. Effectiveness of these measures was assessed by calculating the 7-day moving average of the interval from symptom onset to isolation in hospital or quarantine, which indicated significant decreasing trends for both local and imported COVID-19 cases. Rapid identification and isolation of cases, quarantine of close contacts, and active monitoring of other contacts have been effective in suppressing expansion of the outbreak and have implications for other countries experiencing outbreaks.
JO  - MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 69
IS  - 11
PG  - 307-311
SP  - 307
EP  - 311
AN  - 
DO  - 10.15585/mmwr.mm6911e1
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus latest: China’s epicentre records zero new cases
AU  - Nature
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Updates on the respiratory illness that has infected tens of thousands of people and killed several thousand.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00154-w
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00154-w
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - Na, Wu
AU  - Yi, Zhang
AU  - Yong-Sheng, Yu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjid.2020.03.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1413867020300222
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Coronavirus: the spread of misinformation
AU  - Mian, Areeb
AU  - Khan, Shujhat
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 18
IS  - 
PG  - 89-89
SP  - 89
EP  - 89
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s12916-020-01556-3
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Journal Flexibility in the Troubling Times of COVID-19
AU  - Meyers, Blake C.
AU  - Baxter, Ivan R.
AU  - Blatt, Mike R.
AU  - Sweetlove, Lee J.
AU  - Daniell, Henry
AU  - Lunn, John E.
AU  - Taylor, Crispin
AU  - Winchester, Nancy Ann
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Plant cell
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1105/tpc.20.00223
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in a Long-Term Care Facility — King County, Washington, February 27–March 9, 2020
AU  - McMichael TM, Clark S, Pogosjans S, et al. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - What is already known about this topic? Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) can cause severe illness and death, particularly among older adults with chronic health conditions. What is added by this report? Introduction of COVID-19 into a long-term residential care facility in Washington resulted in cases among 81 residents, 34 staff members, and 14 visitors; 23 persons died. Limitations in effective infection control and prevention and staff members working in multiple facilities contributed to intra- and interfacility spread. What are the implications for public health practice? Long-term care facilities should take proactive steps to protect the health of residents and preserve the health care workforce by identifying and excluding potentially infected staff members, restricting visitation except in compassionate care situations, ensuring early recognition of potentially infected patients, and implementing appropriate infection control measures.
JO  - MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep.
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6912e1
UR  - https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/mm6912e1.htm?s_cid=mm6912e1_w
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Correction for Li et al., "Discovery of Bat Coronaviruses through Surveillance and Probe Capture-Based Next-Generation Sequencing"
AU  - Li, Bei
AU  - Si, Hao-Rui
AU  - Zhu, Yan
AU  - Yang, Xing-Lou
AU  - Anderson, Danielle E.
AU  - Shi, Zheng-Li
AU  - Wang, Lin-Fa
AU  - Zhou, Peng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - mSphere
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 5
IS  - 2
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1128/mSphere.00170-20
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Role of dermatologists in the uprising of the novel corona virus (COVID-19): Perspectives and opportunities
AU  - Lee, Chih-Hung
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Dermatologica Sinica
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 38
IS  - 1
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - WOS:000518680600001
DO  - 10.4103/ds.ds_5_20
UR  - <Go to ISI>://WOS:000518680600001
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Asian Bioethics Review Enters a New Era
AU  - Laurie, Graeme
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Asian Bioethics Review
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s41649-020-00115-5
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s41649-020-00115-5
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Working together to contain and manage COVID-19
AU  - Laupacis, Andreas
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - MEDLINE:32184199
DO  - 10.1503/cmaj.200428
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32184199
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Occupational risks for COVID-19 infection
AU  - Koh, David
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Occupational medicine (Oxford, England)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 70
IS  - 1
PG  - 3-5
SP  - 3
EP  - 5
AN  - MEDLINE:32107548
DO  - 10.1093/occmed/kqaa036
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32107548
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 2019-nCoV: The Identify-Isolate-Inform (3I) Tool Applied to a Novel Emerging Coronavirus
AU  - Koenig, Kristi L.
AU  - Bey, Christian K.
AU  - McDonald, Eric C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) is an emerging infectious disease closely related to MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV that was first reported in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China in December 2019. As of January 2020, cases of 2019-nCoV are continuing to be reported in other Eastern Asian countries as well as in the United States, Europe, Australia, and numerous other countries. An unusually high volume of domestic and international travel corresponding to the beginning of the 2020 Chinese New Year complicated initial identification and containment of infected persons. Due to the rapidly rising number of cases and reported deaths, all countries should be considered at risk of imported 2019-nCoV. Therefore, it is essential for prehospital, clinic, and emergency department personnel to be able to rapidly assess 2019-nCoV risk and take immediate actions if indicated. The Identify-Isolate-Inform (31) Tool, originally conceived for the initial detection and management of Ebola virus and later adjusted for other infectious agents, can be adapted for any emerging infectious disease. This paper reports a modification of the 31 Tool for use in the initial detection and management of patients under investigation for 2019-nCoV. After initial assessment for symptoms and epidemiological risk factors, including travel to affected areas and exposure to confirmed 2019-nCoV patients within 14 days, patients are classified in a risk-stratified system. Upon confirmation of a suspected 2019-nCoV case, affected persons must immediately be placed in airborne infection isolation and the appropriate public health agencies notified. This modified 31 Tool will assist emergency and primary care clinicians, as well as out-of-hospital providers, in effectively managing persons with suspected or confirmed 2019-nCoV.
JO  - Western Journal of Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 21
IS  - 2
PG  - 184-190
SP  - 184
EP  - 190
AN  - WOS:000517818500001
DO  - 10.5811/westjem.2020.1.46760
UR  - <Go to ISI>://WOS:000517818500001
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recommendations for critically ill patients with COVID-19
AU  - Kluge, Stefan
AU  - Janssens, Uwe
AU  - Welte, Tobias
AU  - Weber-Carstens, Steffen
AU  - Marx, Gernot
AU  - Karagiannidis, Christian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Medizinische Klinik, Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - MEDLINE:32166350
DO  - 10.1007/s00063-020-00674-3
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32166350
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemiologic characteristics of early cases with 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) disease in Korea
AU  - Ki, Moran
AU  - Task Force for -nCo, V.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In about 20 days since the diagnosis of the first case of the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in Korea on January 20, 2020, 28 cases have been confirmed. Fifteen patients (53.6%) of them were male and median age of was 42 years (range, 20-73). Of the confirmed cases, 16, 9, and 3 were index (57.2%), first-generation (32.1%), and second-generation (10.7%) cases, respectively. All first-generation and second-generation patients were family members or intimate acquaintances of the index cases with close contacts. Fifteen among 16 index patients had entered Korea from January 19 to 24, 2020 while 1 patient had entered Korea on January 31, 2020. The average incubation period was 3.9 days (median, 3.0), and the reproduction number was estimated as 0.48. Three of the confirmed patients were asymptomatic when they were diagnosed. Epidemiological indicators will be revised with the availability of additional data in the future. Sharing epidemiological information among researchers worldwide is essential for efficient preparation and response in tackling this new infectious disease.
JO  - Epidemiology and health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 42
IS  - 
PG  - e2020007-e2020007
SP  - e2020007
EP  - e2020007
AN  - MEDLINE:32035431
DO  - 10.4178/epih.e2020007
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32035431
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Advances in the relationship between coronavirus infection and coagulation function
AU  - Zou, Hai
AU  - Xiong, Wan-Feng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Chinese Medical Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Publish Ahead of Print
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00029330-900000000-99322
DO  - 10.1097/cm9.0000000000000821
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/cmj/Fulltext/publishahead/Advances_in_the_relationship_between_coronavirus.99322.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Infections in Children Including COVID-19: An Overview of the Epidemiology, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Treatment and Prevention Options in Children
AU  - Zimmermann, Petra
AU  - Curtis, Nigel
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronaviruses (CoVs) are a large family of enveloped, single-stranded, zoonotic RNA viruses. Four CoVs commonly circulate among humans: HCoV2-229E, -HKU1, -NL63 and -OC43. However, CoVs can rapidly mutate and recombine leading to novel CoVs that can spread from animals to humans. The novel CoVs severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) emerged in 2002 and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in 2012. The 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is currently causing a severe outbreak of disease (termed COVID-19) in China and multiple other countries, threatening to cause a global pandemic. In humans, CoVs mostly cause respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms. Clinical manifestations range from a common cold to more severe disease such as bronchitis, pneumonia, severe acute respiratory distress syndrome, multi-organ failure and even death. SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 seem to less commonly affect children and to cause fewer symptoms and less severe disease in this age group compared with adults, and are associated with much lower case-fatality rates. Preliminary evidence suggests children are just as likely as adults to become infected with SARS-CoV-2 but are less likely to be symptomatic or develop severe symptoms. However, the importance of children in transmitting the virus remains uncertain. Children more often have gastrointestinal symptoms compared with adults. Most children with SARS-CoV present with fever, but this is not the case for the other novel CoVs. Many children affected by MERS-CoV are asymptomatic. The majority of children infected by novel CoVs have a documented household contact, often showing symptoms before them. In contrast, adults more often have a nosocomial exposure. In this review, we summarize epidemiologic, clinical and diagnostic findings, as well as treatment and prevention options for common circulating and novel CoVs infections in humans with a focus on infections in children. Accepted for publication March 3, 2020. P.Z. is supported by a Fellowship from the European Society for Paediatric Infectious Diseases. The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose. P.Z. drafted the initial article. N.C. critically revised the article and both authors approved the final article as submitted. Address for correspondence: Petra Zimmermann, MD, PhD, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Route des Arsenaux 41, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland. E-mail: petra.zimmermann@unifr.ch. Copyright © 2020 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
JO  - The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Online First
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00006454-900000000-96251
DO  - 10.1097/inf.0000000000002660
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/pidj/Fulltext/onlinefirst/Coronavirus_Infections_in_Children_Including.96251.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A plunge in the number of traumatic traffic injuries in an emergency Center in Anhui Province, China
AU  - Zhu, Wanbo
AU  - Yang, Jiazhao
AU  - Xu, Lei
AU  - Fang, Shiyuan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2020.03.027
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735675720301698
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prevention and Treatment of Skin Damage Caused by Personal Protective Equipment: Experience of the First-Line Clinicians Treating 2019-nCoV Infection
AU  - Zhou, Nuo-Ya
AU  - Yang, Liu
AU  - Dong, Li-Yun
AU  - Li, Yan
AU  - An, Xiang-Jie
AU  - Yang, Jing
AU  - Huang, Chang-Zheng
AU  - Tao, Juan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International Journal of Dermatology and Venereology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Latest Articles
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 02123148-900000000-99938
DO  - 10.1097/jd9.0000000000000085
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/ijdv/Fulltext/latest/Prevention_and_Treatment_of_Skin_Damage_Caused_by.99938.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Challenges for Obstetricians and the Countermeasures of COVID-19 Epidemic
AU  - Zhao, Yin
AU  - Zou, Li
AU  - Dong, Ming-Hui
AU  - Liu, Xiao-Xia
AU  - Liu, Ya-Lan
AU  - Zhu, Jian-Wen
AU  - Luo, Qing-Qing
AU  - Gao, Hui
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since the outbreak of the novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China, as obstetricians, we also face great challenges. We need to identify pregnant patients with 2019 coronavirus disease infection timely, and give them appropriate treatment in order to obtain a good maternal and infant prognosis. Here, we would like to share a case and provide some suggestions on how to screen, diagnose and treat pregnant women with 2019 coronavirus disease infection during the outbreak. Corresponding author: Prof. Li Zou, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China. E-mail: xiehezouli@hust.edu.cn Received February 10, 2020 This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 © 2020 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.
JO  - Maternal-Fetal Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Latest Articles
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 02123147-900000000-99971
DO  - 10.1097/fm9.0000000000000046
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/mfm/Fulltext/latest/Challenges_for_Obstetricians_and_the.99971.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Anesthetic Management of Patients With Suspected or Confirmed 2019 Novel Coronavirus Infection During Emergency Procedures
AU  - Zhao, Shuai
AU  - Ling, Ken
AU  - Yan, Hong
AU  - Zhong, Liang
AU  - Peng, Xiaohong
AU  - Yao, Shanglong
AU  - Huang, Jiapeng
AU  - Chen, Xiangdong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to prevent cross-infection in the operating room during emergency procedures for patients with confirmed or suspected 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by following anesthesia management protocols, and to document clinical- and anesthesia-related characteristics of these patients. DESIGN: This was a retrospective, multicenter clinical study. SETTING: This study used a multicenter dataset from 4 hospitals in Wuhan, China. PARTICIPANTS: Patients and health care providers with confirmed or suspected 2019-nCoV from January 23 to 31, 2020, at the Wuhan Union Hospital, the Wuhan Children's Hospital, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, and the Wuhan Fourth Hospital in Wuhan, China. INTERVENTIONS: Anesthetic management and infection control guidelines for emergency procedures for patients with suspected 2019-nCoV were drafted and applied in 4 hospitals in Wuhan. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Cross-infection in the operating rooms of the 4 hospitals was effectively reduced by implementing the new measures and procedures. The majority of patients with laboratory-confirmed 2019-nCoV infection or suspected infection were female (23 [62%] of 37), and the mean age was 41.0 years old (standard deviation 19.6; range 4-78). 10 (27%) patients had chronic medical illnesses, including 4 (11%) with diabetes, 8 (22%) with hypertension, and 8 (22%) with digestive system disease. Twenty-five (68%) patients presented with lymphopenia, and 23 (62%) patients exhibited multiple mottling and ground-glass opacity on computed tomography scanning. CONCLUSIONS: The present study indicates that COVID 19-specific guidelines for emergency procedures for patients with confirmed or suspected 2019-nCoV may effectively prevent cross-infection in the operating room. Most patients with confirmed or suspected COVID 19 presented with fever and dry cough and demonstrated bilateral multiple mottling and ground-glass opacity on chest computed tomography scans.
JO  - Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - MEDLINE:32178954
DO  - 10.1053/j.jvca.2020.02.039
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32178954
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prediction of fatal adverse prognosis in patients with fever-related diseases based on machine learning: A retrospective study
AU  - Zhao, Chun-Hong
AU  - Wu, Hui-Tao
AU  - Che, He-Bin
AU  - Song, Ya-Nan
AU  - Zhao, Yu-Zhuo
AU  - Li, Kai-Yuan
AU  - Xiao, Hong-Ju
AU  - Zhai, Yong-Zhi
AU  - Liu, Xin
AU  - Lu, Hong-Xi
AU  - Li, Tan-Shi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background Fever is the most common chief complaint of emergency patients. Early identification of patients at an increasing risk of death may avert adverse outcomes. The aim of this study was to establish an early prediction model of fatal adverse prognosis of fever patients by extracting key indicators using big data technology. Methods A retrospective study of patients’ data was conducted using the Emergency Rescue Database of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital. Patients were divided into the fatal adverse prognosis group and the good prognosis group. The commonly used clinical indicators were compared. Recursive feature elimination (RFE) method was used to determine the optimal number of the included variables. In the training model, logistic regression, random forest, adaboost and bagging were selected. We also collected the emergency room data from December 2018 to December 2019 with the same inclusion and exclusion criterion. The performance of the model was evaluated by accuracy, F1-score, precision, sensitivity and the areas under receiver operator characteristic curves (ROC-AUC). Results The accuracy of logistic regression, decision tree, adaboost and bagging was 0.951, 0.928, 0.924, and 0.924, F1-scores were 0.938, 0.933, 0.930, and 0.930, the precision was 0.943, 0.938, 0.937, and 0.937, ROC-AUC were 0.808, 0.738, 0.736, and 0.885, respectively. ROC-AUC of ten-fold cross-validation in logistic and bagging models were 0.80 and 0.87, respectively. The top six coefficients and odds ratio (OR) values of the variables in the Logistic regression were cardiac troponin T (CTnT) (coefficient=0.346, OR = 1.413), temperature (T) (coefficient=0.235, OR = 1.265), respiratory rate (RR) (coefficient= –0.206,OR = 0.814), serum kalium (K) (coefficient=0.137, OR = 1.146), pulse oxygen saturation (SPO2) (coefficient= –0.101, OR = 0.904), and albumin (ALB) (coefficient= –0.043, OR = 0.958). The weights of the top six variables in the bagging model were: CTnT, RR, lactate dehydrogenase, serum amylase, heartrate, and systolic blood pressure. Conclusions The main clinical indicators of concern included CTnT, RR, SPO2, T, ALB and K. The bagging model and logistic regression model had better diagnostic performance comprehesively. Those may be conducive to the early identification of critical patients with fever by physicians.
JO  - Chinese Medical Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 133
IS  - 5
PG  - 583-589
SP  - 583
EP  - 589
AN  - 00029330-202003050-00012
DO  - 10.1097/cm9.0000000000000675
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/cmj/Fulltext/2020/03050/Prediction_of_fatal_adverse_prognosis_in_patients.12.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Promising Anti-Cytokine-Storm Targeted Therapy for COVID-19: The Artificial-Liver Blood-Purification System
AU  - Zhang, Yimin
AU  - Yu, Liang
AU  - Tang, LingLing
AU  - Zhu, Mengfei
AU  - Jin, Yanqi
AU  - Wang, Zhouhan
AU  - Li, Lanjuan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Engineering
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eng.2020.03.006
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S209580992030062X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - CT image of novel coronavirus pneumonia: a case report
AU  - Zhang, Xiangmin
AU  - Song, Wei
AU  - Liu, Xingli
AU  - Lyu, Liang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE: Knowledge of CT characteristics of COVID-19 pneumonia might be helpful to the early diagnosis and treatment of patients, and to control the spread of infection. METHODS: The chest CT images of the patient were collected to describe the CT manifestations and characteristics, and they were compared with the previous studies. RESULTS: Multiple patchy ground-glass opacities (GGOs) were seen in bilateral lung, mostly in subpleural areas. They progressed within 3 days, and nodular GGOs were also seen together with subpleural patchy GGOs. CONCLUSION: Our case of COVID-19 pneumonia showed multiple subpleural GGOs in bilateral lung, rapid progression, and it also accompanied nodular GGOs on chest CT. These findings were consistent with the previous reports, and they might be useful for early detection and evaluation of severity of COVID-19 pneumonia.
JO  - Japanese journal of radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11604-020-00945-1
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Consensus on pre-examination and triage in clinic of dermatology during outbreak of COVID-19 from Chinese experts
AU  - Zhang, Hui
AU  - Long, Hai
AU  - Ma, Lin
AU  - Wang, Gang
AU  - Mu, Qi-Ri
AU  - Ran, Yu-Ping
AU  - Liu, Quan-Zhong
AU  - Xiao, Sheng-Xiang
AU  - Zhang, Xue-Jun
AU  - Zhang, Jian-Zhong
AU  - Zhang, Fu-Ren
AU  - He, Li
AU  - Chen, Ai-Jun
AU  - Chen, Xiang
AU  - Zheng, Jie
AU  - Yang, Rong-Ya
AU  - Yao, Zhi-Rong
AU  - Tu, Ping
AU  - Li, Yu-Zhen
AU  - Gao, Xing-Hua
AU  - Xu, Jin-Hua
AU  - Gu, Heng
AU  - Cheng, Bo
AU  - Lai, Wei
AU  - Lu, Qian-Jin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The 2019 novel coronavirus infection has brought a great challenge in prevention and control of the national epidemic of COVID-19 in China. During the fight against the epidemic of COVID-19, properly carrying out pre-examination and triage for patients with skin lesions and fever has been a practical problem encountered in hospitals for skin diseases as well as clinics of dermatology in general hospitals. Considering that certain skin diseases may have symptom of fever, and some of the carriers of 2019 novel coronavirus and patients with COVID-19 at their early stage may do not present any symptoms of COVID-19, to properly deal with the visitors to clinics of dermatology, the Chinese Society of Dermatology organized experts to formulate the principles and procedures for pre-examination and triage of visitors to clinics of dermatology during the epidemic of COVID-19. Corresponding authors: Dr. Qian-Jin Lu, Department of Dermatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China. E-mail: qianlu5860@csu.edu.cn; Dr. Zhi-Rong Yao, Department of Dermatology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China. E-mail: dermatology.yao@sohu.com. Received 2 March, 2020 Conflicts of interest: The authors reported no conflicts of interest. #The Chinese version of this has been published on Chinese Journal of Dermatology, 2020,53(3):165-167. doi: 10.35541/cjd.20200119. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 © 2020 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.
JO  - International Journal of Dermatology and Venereology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Latest Articles
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 02123148-900000000-99937
DO  - 10.1097/jd9.0000000000000084
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/ijdv/Fulltext/latest/Consensus_on_pre_examination_and_triage_in_clinic.99937.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Association of radiologic findings with mortality of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China
AU  - Yuan, Mingli
AU  - Yin, Wen
AU  - Tao, Zhaowu
AU  - Tan, Weijun
AU  - Hu, Yi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Radiologic characteristics of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infected pneumonia (NCIP) which had not been fully understood are especially important for diagnosing and predicting prognosis. We retrospective studied 27 consecutive patients who were confirmed NCIP, the clinical characteristics and CT image findings were collected, and the association of radiologic findings with mortality of patients was evaluated. 27 patients included 12 men and 15 women, with median age of 60 years (IQR 47–69). 17 patients discharged in recovered condition and 10 patients died in hospital. The median age of mortality group was higher compared to survival group (68 (IQR 63–73) vs 55 (IQR 35–60), P = 0.003). The comorbidity rate in mortality group was significantly higher than in survival group (80% vs 29%, P = 0.018). The predominant CT characteristics consisted of ground glass opacity (67%), bilateral sides involved (86%), both peripheral and central distribution (74%), and lower zone involvement (96%). The median CT score of mortality group was higher compared to survival group (30 (IQR 7–13) vs 12 (IQR 11–43), P = 0.021), with more frequency of consolidation (40% vs 6%, P = 0.047) and air bronchogram (60% vs 12%, P = 0.025). An optimal cutoff value of a CT score of 24.5 had a sensitivity of 85.6% and a specificity of 84.5% for the prediction of mortality. 2019-nCoV was more likely to infect elderly people with chronic comorbidities. CT findings of NCIP were featured by predominant ground glass opacities mixed with consolidations, mainly peripheral or combined peripheral and central distributions, bilateral and lower lung zones being mostly involved. A simple CT scoring method was capable to predict mortality.
JO  - PLOS ONE
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 15
IS  - 3
PG  - e0230548-e0230548
SP  - e0230548
EP  - e0230548
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1371/journal.pone.0230548
UR  - https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0230548
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chest CT manifestations of new coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a pictorial review
AU  - Ye, Zheng
AU  - Zhang, Yun
AU  - Wang, Yi
AU  - Huang, Zixiang
AU  - Song, Bin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, first reported in Wuhan, China, has rapidly swept around the world just within a month, causing global public health emergency. In diagnosis, chest computed tomography (CT) manifestations can supplement parts of limitations of real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay. Based on a comprehensive literature review and the experience in the frontline, we aim to review the typical and relatively atypical CT manifestations with representative COVID-19 cases at our hospital, and hope to strengthen the recognition of these features with radiologists and help them make a quick and accurate diagnosis. Key Points • Ground glass opacities, consolidation, reticular pattern, and crazy paving pattern are typical CT manifestations of COVID-19. • Emerging atypical CT manifestations, including airway changes, pleural changes, fibrosis, nodules, etc., were demonstrated in COVID-19 patients. • CT manifestations may associate with the progression and prognosis of COVID-19.
JO  - European Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-9
SP  - 1
EP  - 9
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00330-020-06801-0
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00330-020-06801-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [ACE2 in the context of 2019-nCoV infection: friend or foe?]
AU  - Yang, J. M.
AU  - Meng, X.
AU  - Xue, F.
AU  - Zhang, Y.
AU  - Zhang, C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zhonghua xin xue guan bing za zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 48
IS  - 0
PG  - E012-E012
SP  - E012
EP  - E012
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20200303-00149
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Challenges and Countermeasures of Integrative Cancer Therapy in the Epidemic of COVID-19
AU  - Yang, Geliang
AU  - Zhang, Huiqing
AU  - Yang, Yufei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Integrative cancer therapies
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 19
IS  - 
PG  - 1534735420912811-1534735420912811
SP  - 1534735420912811
EP  - 1534735420912811
AN  - MEDLINE:32178547
DO  - 10.1177/1534735420912811
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32178547
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Characteristics of pediatric SARS-CoV-2 infection and potential evidence for persistent fecal viral shedding
AU  - Xu, Yi
AU  - Li, Xufang
AU  - Zhu, Bing
AU  - Liang, Huiying
AU  - Fang, Chunxiao
AU  - Gong, Yu
AU  - Guo, Qiaozhi
AU  - Sun, Xin
AU  - Zhao, Danyang
AU  - Shen, Jun
AU  - Zhang, Huayan
AU  - Liu, Hongsheng
AU  - Xia, Huimin
AU  - Tang, Jinling
AU  - Zhang, Kang
AU  - Gong, Sitang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We report epidemiological and clinical investigations on ten pediatric SARS-CoV-2 infection cases confirmed by real-time reverse transcription PCR assay of SARS-CoV-2 RNA. Symptoms in these cases were nonspecific and no children required respiratory support or intensive care. Chest X-rays lacked definite signs of pneumonia, a defining feature of the infection in adult cases. Notably, eight children persistently tested positive on rectal swabs even after nasopharyngeal testing was negative, raising the possibility of fecal-oral transmission. Children infected with the COVID-19 outbreak coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, show mild symptoms but prolonged shedding of viral RNA in feces, suggesting that the fecal-oral route might play a role in virus transmission.
JO  - Nature Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - WOS:000519422600001
DO  - 10.1038/s41591-020-0817-4
UR  - <Go to ISI>://WOS:000519422600001
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2: an unknown agent and challenges in vaccine development
AU  - Xu, Jianqing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Bio-X Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Latest Articles
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 02070904-900000000-99951
DO  - 10.1097/jbr.0000000000000063
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/jbioxresearch/Fulltext/latest/SARS_CoV_2__an_unknown_agent_and_challenges_in.99951.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Is Africa prepared for tackling the COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) epidemic. Lessons from past outbreaks, ongoing pan-African public health efforts, and implications for the future
AU  - Kapata, Nathan
AU  - Ihekweazu, Chikwe
AU  - Ntoumi, Francine
AU  - Raji, Tajudeen
AU  - Chanda-Kapata, Pascalina
AU  - Mwaba, Peter
AU  - Mukonka, Victor
AU  - Bates, Matthew
AU  - Tembo, John
AU  - Corman, Victor
AU  - Mfinanga, Sayoki
AU  - Asogun, Danny
AU  - Elton, Linzy
AU  - Arruda, Lia Barbara
AU  - Thomason, Margaret J.
AU  - Mboera, Leonard
AU  - Yavlinsky, Alexei
AU  - Haider, Najmul
AU  - Simons, David
AU  - Hollmann, Lara
AU  - Lule, Swaib A.
AU  - Veas, Francisco
AU  - Abdel Hamid, Muzamil Mahdi
AU  - Dar, Osman
AU  - Edwards, Sarah
AU  - Vairo, Francesco
AU  - McHugh, Timothy D.
AU  - Drosten, Christian
AU  - Kock, Richard
AU  - Ippolito, Giuseppe
AU  - Zumla, Alimuddin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 93
IS  - 
PG  - 233-236
SP  - 233
EP  - 236
AN  - MEDLINE:32119980
DO  - 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.02.049
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32119980
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recommendation of low-dose CT in the detection and management of COVID-2019
AU  - Kang, Zhen
AU  - Li, Xu
AU  - Zhou, Shuchang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00330-020-06809-6
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00330-020-06809-6
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Initial Investigation of Transmission of COVID-19 Among Crew Members During Quarantine of a Cruise Ship - Yokohama, Japan, February 2020
AU  - Kakimoto, Kensaku
AU  - Kamiya, Hajime
AU  - Yamagishi, Takuya
AU  - Matsui, Tamano
AU  - Suzuki, Motoi
AU  - Wakita, Takaji
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - An outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among passengers and crew on a cruise ship led to quarantine of approximately 3,700 passengers and crew that began on February 3, 2020, and lasted for nearly 4 weeks at the Port of Yokohama, Japan (1). By February 9, 20 cases had occurred among the ship's crew members. By the end of quarantine, approximately 700 cases of COVID-19 had been laboratory-confirmed among passengers and crew. This report describes findings from the initial phase of the cruise ship investigation into COVID-19 cases among crew members during February 4-12, 2020.
JO  - MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 69
IS  - 11
PG  - 312-313
SP  - 312
EP  - 313
AN  - 
DO  - 10.15585/mmwr.mm6911e2
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Does SARS-CoV-2 has a longer incubation period than SARS and MERS?
AU  - Jiang, Xuan
AU  - Rayner, Simon
AU  - Luo, Min-Hua
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) since December 2019 in Wuhan, the major transportation hub in central China, became an emergency of major international concern. While several etiological studies have begun to reveal the specific biological features of this virus, the epidemic characteristics need to be elucidated. Notably, a long incubation time was reported to be associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection, leading to adjustments in screening and control policies. To avoid the risk of virus spread, all potentially exposed subjects are required to be isolated for 14 days, which is the longest predicted incubation time. However, based on our analysis of a larger dataset available so far, we find there is no observable difference between the incubation time for SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), and middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), highlighting the need for larger and well-annotated datasets.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 92
IS  - 5
PG  - 476-478
SP  - 476
EP  - 478
AN  - WOS:000515227800001
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25708
UR  - <Go to ISI>://WOS:000515227800001
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - An emerging coronavirus causing pneumonia outbreak in Wuhan, China: calling for developing therapeutic and prophylactic strategies (vol 17, pg 234, 2019)
AU  - Jiang, S.
AU  - Du, L.
AU  - Shi, Z.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Emerging Microbes & Infections
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
PG  - 539-539
SP  - 539
EP  - 539
AN  - WOS:000518958800001
DO  - 10.1080/22221751.2020.1737363
UR  - <Go to ISI>://WOS:000518958800001
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Universities urge U.S. leaders to boost science budgets by 15%, ease rules to cope with pandemic
AU  - Jeffrey Mervis, David Malakoff
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The U.S. research community is urgently asking the White House and Congress to take steps aimed at keeping academic research afloat during the coronavirus pandemic. Four organizations representing the nation’s major research institutions and medical schools today wrote to Congressional leaders, urging them to increase research spending at federal science agencies by some 15%, or $13 billion, in order to prevent students and researchers in all scientific disciplines from going broke, to help closed laboratories re-start once the pandemic eases, and to cover other unanticipated costs to the academic research enterprise.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb8129
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/03/universities-urge-us-leaders-boost-science-budgets-15-ease-rules-cope-pandemic
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Safety Considerations in the Laboratory Testing of Specimens Suspected or Known to Contain the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
AU  - Iwen, Peter C.
AU  - Stiles, Karen L.
AU  - Pentella, Michael A.
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - American Journal of Clinical Pathology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/AJCP/AQAA047
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Coronavirus disease 2019: the harms of exaggerated information and non-evidence-based measures
AU  - Ioannidis, John P. A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The evolving coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic(1) is certainly cause for concern. Proper communication and optimal decision-making is an ongoing challenge, as data evolve. The challenge is compounded, however, by exaggerated information. This can lead to inappropriate actions. It is important to differentiate promptly the true epidemic from an epidemic of false claims and potentially harmful actions.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - e13222-e13222
SP  - e13222
EP  - e13222
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/eci.13222
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: all non-urgent elective surgery is suspended for at least three months in England
AU  - Iacobucci, Gareth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1106-m1106
SP  - m1106
EP  - m1106
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1106
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: UK government calls on industry to help boost testing capacity to 25 000 people a day
AU  - Iacobucci, Gareth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As many as 25 000 people a day will be tested for covid-19 in NHS hospitals within weeks in a push to increase capacity, the government has said. The announcement followed a meeting at Downing Street on 17 March, in which the prime minister and the health secretary told industry leaders that they would be given whatever support they needed to help the government boost testing capabilities throughout the country as quickly as possible. The government’s focus will remain on testing the highest priority cases first—namely, patients in intensive care units …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1118-m1118
SP  - m1118
EP  - m1118
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1118
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1118
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - COVID-19: What implications for sexual and reproductive health and rights globally?
AU  - Hussein, Julia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/26410397.2020.1746065
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - CT imaging of two cases of one family cluster 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) pneumonia: inconsistency between clinical symptoms amelioration and imaging sign progression
AU  - Hu, Xiaofei
AU  - Chen, Jiafei
AU  - Jiang, Xiaomei
AU  - Tao, Shiqi
AU  - Zhen, Zhiming
AU  - Zhou, Chaoyang
AU  - Wang, Jian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 10
IS  - 2
PG  - 508-510
SP  - 508
EP  - 510
AN  - 
DO  - 10.21037/qims.2020.02.10
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel Corona Virus (SARS-CoV-2)
AU  - Hoenemann, Mario
AU  - Luebbert, Christoph
AU  - Liebert, Uwe G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 145
IS  - 5
PG  - 336-337
SP  - 336
EP  - 337
AN  - WOS:000518690700020
DO  - 10.1055/a-1113-3096
UR  - <Go to ISI>://WOS:000518690700020
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical diagnostic value of CT imaging in COVID-19 with multiple negative RT-PCR testing
AU  - Hao, Wendong
AU  - Li, Manxiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Travel medicine and infectious disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101627-101627
SP  - 101627
EP  - 101627
AN  - MEDLINE:32179123
DO  - 10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101627
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32179123
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The course of clinical diagnosis and treatment of a case infected with coronavirus disease 2019
AU  - Han, Wenzheng
AU  - Quan, Bin
AU  - Guo, Yi
AU  - Zhang, Jun
AU  - Lu, Yong
AU  - Feng, Gang
AU  - Wu, Qiwen
AU  - Fang, Fang
AU  - Cheng, Long
AU  - Jiao, Nanlin
AU  - Li, Xiaoning
AU  - Chen, Qing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 92
IS  - 5
PG  - 461-463
SP  - 461
EP  - 463
AN  - WOS:000517096300001
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25711
UR  - <Go to ISI>://WOS:000517096300001
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The burning building
AU  - Godlee, Fiona
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - With the covid-19 pandemic, we have entered extraordinary times, when some things are known but many more are not and where decisions must be made nonetheless. The UK government’s recent actions (doi:10.1136/bmj.m1089) bring the country more in line with its European neighbours. Public health has now been prioritised over the economy. The change of heart seems to have been in response both to international criticism of its earlier laissez faire approach and to a new modelling study suggesting that the NHS would not cope unless more was done to curb the spread of the virus. Publication of this study means that we at last have some of the evidence on …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1101-m1101
SP  - m1101
EP  - m1101
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1101
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1101
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The first two cases of 2019-nCoV in Italy: Where they come from?
AU  - Giovanetti, Marta
AU  - Benvenuto, Domenico
AU  - Angeletti, Silvia
AU  - Ciccozzi, Massimo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A novel Coronavirus, 2019-nCoV, has been identified as the causal pathogen of an ongoing epidemic, with the first cases reported in Wuhan, China, last December 2019, and has since spread to other countries worldwide, included Europe and very recently Italy. In this short report, phylogenetic reconstruction was used to better understand the transmission dynamics of the virus from its first introduction in China focusing on the more recent evidence of infection in a couple of Chinese tourists arrived in Italy on 23rd January 2020 and labeled as Coronavirus Italian cases. A maximum clade credibility tree has been built using a dataset of 54 genome sequences of 2019-nCoV plus two closely related bat strains (SARS-like CoV) available in GenBank. Bayesian time-scaled phylogenetic analysis was implemented in BEAST 1.10.4. The Bayesian phylogenetic reconstruction showed that 2019-2020 nCoV firstly introduced in Wuhan on 25 November 2019, started epidemic transmission reaching many countries worldwide, including Europe and Italy where the two strains isolated dated back 19 January 2020, the same that the Chinese tourists arrived in Italy. Strains isolated outside China were intermixed with strains isolated in China as evidence of likely imported cases in Rome, Italy, and Europe, as well. In conclusion, this report suggests that further spread of 2019-nCoV epidemic was supported by human mobility and that quarantine of suspected or diagnosed cases is useful to prevent further transmission. Viral genome phylogenetic analysis represents a useful tool for the evaluation of transmission dynamics and preventive action.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 92
IS  - 5
PG  - 518-521
SP  - 518
EP  - 521
AN  - WOS:000512724700001
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25699
UR  - <Go to ISI>://WOS:000512724700001
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A doubt of multiple introduction of SARS-CoV-2 in Italy: a preliminary overview
AU  - Giovanetti, Marta
AU  - Angeletti, Silvia
AU  - Benvenuto, Domenico
AU  - Ciccozzi, Massimo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The emergence of the novel beta Coronavirus, recently renamed as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, SARS-CoV-2, has raised serious concerns due to the virus rapid dissemination worldwide. Nevertheless, there is limited information about the genomic epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 circulating in Italy from surveillance studies. The shortage of complete genomic sequences available impairs our understanding of the SARS-CoV-2 introduction and establishment in the country. To better understand its dynamics in Italy, we analysed complete genomes of SARS-CoV-2 isolates, obtained directly from clinical samples. Our phylogenetic reconstructions suggest possible multiple introduction of SARS-CoV-2. Continued genomic surveillance strategies are needed to improve monitoring and understanding of the currently SARS-CoV-2 epidemics, which might help to attenuate public health impact of infectious diseases. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25773
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Using Artificial Intelligence in Infection Prevention
AU  - Fitzpatrick, Fidelma
AU  - Doherty, Aaron
AU  - Lacey, Gerard
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Artificial intelligence (AI) offers huge potential in infection prevention and control (IPC). We explore its potential IPC benefits in epidemiology, laboratory infection diagnosis, and hand hygiene. AI has the potential to detect transmission events during outbreaks or predict high-risk patients, enabling development of tailored IPC interventions. AI offers opportunities to enhance diagnostics with objective pattern recognition, standardize the diagnosis of infections with IPC implications, and facilitate the dissemination of IPC expertise. AI hand hygiene applications can deliver behavior change, though it requires further evaluation in different clinical settings. However, staff can become dependent on automatic reminders, and performance returns to baseline if feedback is removed. Advantages for IPC include speed, consistency, and capability of handling infinitely large datasets. However, many challenges remain; improving the availability of high-quality representative datasets and consideration of biases within preexisting databases are important challenges for future developments. AI in itself will not improve IPC; this requires culture and behavior change. Most studies to date assess performance retrospectively so there is a need for prospective evaluation in the real-life, often chaotic, clinical setting. Close collaboration with IPC experts to interpret outputs and ensure clinical relevance is essential.
JO  - Current Treatment Options in Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-10
SP  - 1
EP  - 10
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s40506-020-00216-7
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s40506-020-00216-7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - PCOMM
TI  - COVID-19 Update with NIAID’s Anthony Fauci, MD; March 18, 2020 | Global Health | JN Learning | AMA Ed Hub
AU  - Fauci, N. IAID’s Anthony
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Diagnostic testing, NSAIDs, ACE Inhibitors, antivirals, and more. Anthony Fauci, MD from NIAID discusses latest developments in the spread and clinical management of COVID-19 and the SARS-CoV-2 virus with JAMA Editor Howard Bauchner, MD.
JO  - 
PB  - 
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PG  - 
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AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://edhub.ama-assn.org/jn-learning/audio-player/18324686
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Can angiotensin receptor-blocking drugs perhaps be harmful in the COVID-19 pandemic?
AU  - Esler, Murray
AU  - Esler, Danielle
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Hypertension
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Publish Ahead of Print
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00004872-900000000-97003
DO  - 10.1097/hjh.0000000000002450
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/jhypertension/Fulltext/publishahead/Can_angiotensin_receptor_blocking_drugs_perhaps_be.97003.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preliminary case report on the SARS-CoV-2 cluster in the UK, France, and Spain
AU  - Emma, Hodcroft B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Almost half of the confirmed COVID-19 cases detected so far in the United Kingdom are part of a large cluster of 13 British nationals who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 in the UK, Spain, and France. Transmissions among this cluster occurred at a ski resort in France, and originated from a single infected traveller returning from a conference in Singapore where he acquired the virus. At least 21 individuals were exposed to the virus, tested, and quarantined, with 13 of those testing positive between the period of 6th February and 15th February. Here, all publicly available information about the primarily UK/France cluster is consolidated, providing a complete and accessible summary of the cases and their connections. Notable in this cluster are the number of individuals infected, the apparent absence of any severe illness among those infected, and a case of a "delayed positive" test during isolation after initially testing negative, at least 7 days after last possible contact.
JO  - Swiss Medical Weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 150
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - WOS:000518204500001
DO  - 
UR  - <Go to ISI>://WOS:000518204500001
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Serial Interval of COVID-19 among Publicly Reported Confirmed Cases
AU  - Du, Zhanwei
AU  - Xu, Xiaoke
AU  - Wu, Ye
AU  - Wang, Lin
AU  - Cowling, Benjamin J.
AU  - Meyers, Lauren Ancel
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We estimate the distribution of serial intervals for 468 confirmed cases of 2019 novel coronavirus disease reported in China as of February 8, 2020. The mean interval was 3.96 days (95% CI 3.53-4.39 days), SD 4.75 days (95% CI 4.46-5.07 days); 12.6% of case reports indicated presymptomatic transmission.
JO  - Emerging infectious diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 26
IS  - 6
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3201/eid2606.200357
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Analyzing the epidemiological outbreak of COVID-19: A visual exploratory data analysis approach
AU  - Dey, Samrat K.
AU  - Rahman, Md Mahbubur
AU  - Siddiqi, Umme R.
AU  - Howlader, Arpita
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - There is an obvious concern globally regarding the fact about the emerging coronavirus 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) as a worldwide public health threat. As the outbreak of COVID-19 causes by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) progresses within China and beyond, rapidly available epidemiological data are needed to guide strategies for situational awareness and intervention. The recent outbreak of pneumonia in Wuhan, China, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 emphasizes the importance of analyzing the epidemiological data of this novel virus and predicting their risks of infecting people all around the globe. In this study, we present an effort to compile and analyze epidemiological outbreak information on COVID-19 based on the several open datasets on 2019-nCoV provided by the Johns Hopkins University, World Health Organization, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Health Commission, and DXY. An exploratory data analysis with visualizations has been made to understand the number of different cases reported (confirmed, death, and recovered) in different provinces of China and outside of China. Overall, at the outset of an outbreak like this, it is highly important to readily provide information to begin the evaluation necessary to understand the risks and begin containment activities.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - WOS:000519094100001
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25743
UR  - <Go to ISI>://WOS:000519094100001
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Human Coronaviruses and Other Respiratory Viruses: Underestimated Opportunistic Pathogens of the Central Nervous System?
AU  - Desforges, Marc
AU  - Le Coupanec, Alain
AU  - Dubeau, Philippe
AU  - Bourgouin, Andreanne
AU  - Lajoie, Louise
AU  - Dube, Mathieu
AU  - Talbot, Pierre J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Respiratory viruses infect the human upper respiratory tract, mostly causing mild diseases. However, in vulnerable populations, such as newborns, infants, the elderly and immune-compromised individuals, these opportunistic pathogens can also affect the lower respiratory tract, causing a more severe disease (e.g., pneumonia). Respiratory viruses can also exacerbate asthma and lead to various types of respiratory distress syndromes. Furthermore, as they can adapt fast and cross the species barrier, some of these pathogens, like influenza A and SARS-CoV, have occasionally caused epidemics or pandemics, and were associated with more serious clinical diseases and even mortality. For a few decades now, data reported in the scientific literature has also demonstrated that several respiratory viruses have neuroinvasive capacities, since they can spread from the respiratory tract to the central nervous system (CNS). Viruses infecting human CNS cells could then cause different types of encephalopathy, including encephalitis, and long-term neurological diseases. Like other well-recognized neuroinvasive human viruses, respiratory viruses may damage the CNS as a result of misdirected host immune responses that could be associated with autoimmunity in susceptible individuals (virus-induced neuro-immunopathology) and/or viral replication, which directly causes damage to CNS cells (virus-induced neuropathology). The etiological agent of several neurological disorders remains unidentified. Opportunistic human respiratory pathogens could be associated with the triggering or the exacerbation of these disorders whose etiology remains poorly understood. Herein, we present a global portrait of some of the most prevalent or emerging human respiratory viruses that have been associated with possible pathogenic processes in CNS infection, with a special emphasis on human coronaviruses.
JO  - Viruses-Basel
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 12
IS  - 1
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - WOS:000515930700086
DO  - 10.3390/v12010014
UR  - <Go to ISI>://WOS:000515930700086
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Structure-Guided Mutagenesis Alters Deubiquitinating Activity and Attenuates Pathogenesis of a Murine Coronavirus
AU  - Deng, Xufang
AU  - Chen, Yafang
AU  - Mielech, Anna M.
AU  - Hackbart, Matthew
AU  - Kesely, Kristina R.
AU  - Mettelman, Robert C.
AU  - O'Brien, Amornrat
AU  - Chapman, Mackenzie E.
AU  - Mesecar, Andrew D.
AU  - Baker, Susan C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronaviruses express a multifunctional papain-like protease, termed PLP2. PLP2 acts as a protease that cleaves the viral replicase polyprotein, and a deubiquitinating (DUB) enzyme which removes ubiquitin moieties from ubiquitin-conjugated proteins. Previous in vitro studies implicated PLP2 DUB activity as a negative regulator of the host interferon (IFN) response, but the role of DUB activity during virus infection was unknown. Here, we used X-ray structure-guided mutagenesis and functional studies to identify amino acid substitutions within the ubiquitin-binding surface of PLP2 that reduced DUB activity without affecting polyprotein processing activity. We engineered a DUB mutation (Asp1772 to Ala) into a murine coronavirus and evaluated the replication and pathogenesis of the DUB mutant virus (DUBmut) in cultured macrophages and in mice. We found that the DUBmut virus replicates similarly as the wild-type virus in cultured cells, but the DUBmut virus activates an IFN response at earlier times compared to the wild-type virus infection in macrophages, consistent with DUB activity negatively regulating the IFN response. We compared the pathogenesis of the DUBmut virus to the wild-type virus and found that the DUBmut-infected mice had a statistically significant reduction (p<0.05) in viral titer in livers and spleens at day 5 post-infection, albeit both wild-type and DUBmut virus infections resulted in similar liver pathology. Overall, this study demonstrates that structure-guided mutagenesis aids the identification of critical determinants of PLP2-ubiquitin complex, and that PLP2 DUB activity plays a role as an interferon antagonist in coronavirus pathogenesis.IMPORTANCE Coronaviruses employ a genetic economy by encoding multifunctional proteins that function in viral replication and also modify the host environment to disarm the innate immune response. The coronavirus papain-like protease 2 (PLP2) domain possesses protease activity, which cleaves the viral replicase polyprotein, and also DUB activity (de-conjugating ubiquitin/ubiquitin-like molecules from modified substrates) using identical catalytic residues. To separate the DUB activity from the protease activity, we employed a structure-guided mutagenesis approach and identified residues that are important for ubiquitin-binding. We found that mutating the ubiquitin-binding residues results in a PLP2 that has reduced DUB activity but retains protease activity. We engineered a recombinant murine coronavirus to express the DUB mutant and showed that the DUB mutant virus activated an earlier type I interferon response in macrophages and exhibited reduced replication in mice. The results of this study demonstrate that PLP2/DUB is an interferon antagonist and a virulence trait of coronaviruses.
JO  - Journal of virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1128/JVI.01734-19
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - We Need Strong Public Health Care to Contain the Global Corona Pandemic
AU  - De Ceukelaire, Wim
AU  - Bodini, Chiara
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The corona virus (COVID-19) outbreak has spread from China to over a hundred countries in less than 2 months. Now is the time to take stock and to assess the responses of different countries to the...
JO  - International Journal of Health Services
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 002073142091672-002073142091672
SP  - 002073142091672
EP  - 002073142091672
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/0020731420916725
UR  - http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0020731420916725
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Traditional Chinese medicine for treatment of coronavirus disease 2019: a review
AU  - Cui, Huan-Tian
AU  - Li, Yu-Ting
AU  - Guo, Li-Ying
AU  - Liu, Xiang-Guo
AU  - Wang, Lu-Shan
AU  - Jia, Jian-Wei
AU  - Liao, Jia-Bao
AU  - Miao, Jing
AU  - Zhang, Zhai-Yi
AU  - Wang, Li
AU  - Wang, Hong-Wu
AU  - Wen, Wei-Bo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since late December in 2019, the coronavirus disease 2019 has received extensive attention for its widespread prevalence. A number of clinical workers and researchers have made great efforts to understand the pathogenesis and clinical characteristics and develop effective drugs for treatment. However, no effective drugs with antiviral effects on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 have been discovered currently. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has gained abundant experience in the treatment of infectious diseases for thousands of years. In this review, the authors summarized the clinical outcome, pathogensis and current application of TCM on coronavirus disease 2019. Further, we discussed the potential mechanisms and the future research directions of TCM against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.
JO  - Traditional Medicine Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 5
IS  - 2
PG  - 65-73
SP  - 65
EP  - 73
AN  - WOS:000518426600002
DO  - 10.12032/tmr20200222165
UR  - <Go to ISI>://WOS:000518426600002
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - WHO Declares COVID-19 a Pandemic
AU  - Cucinotta, Domenico
AU  - Vanelli, Maurizio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11, 2020, has declared the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak a global pandemic (1). At a news briefing , WHO Director-General, Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, noted that over the past 2 weeks, the number of cases outside China increased 13-fold and the number of countries with cases increased threefold. Further increases are expected. He said that the WHO is "deeply concerned both by the alarming levels of spread and severity and by the alarming levels of inaction," and he called on countries to take action now to contain the virus. "We should double down," he said. "We should be more aggressive." [...].
JO  - Acta bio-medica : Atenei Parmensis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 91
IS  - 1
PG  - 157-160
SP  - 157
EP  - 160
AN  - 
DO  - 10.23750/abm.v91i1.9397
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Global Crisis Leadership for Disease-Induced Threats: One Health and Urbanisation
AU  - Connolly, John
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract The concept of ?One Health? (OH) has gathered momentum among the public health and animal health communities as an important global policy agenda for drawing together these disciplines to inform urban planning and health security policies. OH research, from a risk governance perspective, is generally concerned with identifying preventative programmes that can minimise the threats posed by diseases at the animal-human interface (e.g. Corona virus, Ebola, avian influenza, the Q virus, for example). This article, by drawing on examples of disease threats, discusses the multi-level challenges of establishing OH with a particular focus on urban change. It considers the risks posed by the increasing urbanisation of animal habitats and what this means for achieving OH. The article concludes by discussing why social scientists need to pay greater attention to the concept of OH.
JO  - Global Policy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/1758-5899.12806
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/1758-5899.12806
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - CORONAVIRUS COVERAGE Covid-19: a digital epidemic
AU  - Chiolero, Arnaud
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Bmj-British Medical Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - WOS:000519536400004
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m764
UR  - <Go to ISI>://WOS:000519536400004
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Kidney disease is associated with in-hospital death of patients with COVID-19
AU  - Cheng, Yichun
AU  - Luo, Ran
AU  - Wang, Kun
AU  - Zhang, Meng
AU  - Wang, Zhixiang
AU  - Dong, Lei
AU  - Li, Junhua
AU  - Yao, Ying
AU  - Ge, Shuwang
AU  - Xu, Gang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, a coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) disease outbreak occurred in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, and rapidly spread to other areas worldwide. Although diffuse alveolar damage and acute respiratory failure were the main features, the involvement of other organs needs to be explored. Since information on kidney disease in patients with COVID-19 is limited, we determined the prevalence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with COVID-19. Further, we evaluated the association between markers of abnormal kidney function and death in patients with COVID-19. This was a prospective cohort study of 701 patients with COVID-19 admitted in a tertiary teaching hospital that also encompassed three affiliates following this major outbreak in Wuhan in 2020 of whom 113 (16.1%) died in hospital. Median age of the patients was 63 years (inter quartile range, 50-71), including 367 men and 334 women. On admission, 43.9% of patients had proteinuria and 26.7% had hematuria. The prevalence of elevated serum creatinine, elevated blood urea nitrogen and estimated glomerular filtration under 60 ml/min/1.73m2 were 14.4, 13.1 and 13.1%, respectively. During the study period, AKI occurred in 5.1% patients. Kaplan–Meier analysis demonstrated that patients with kidney disease had a significantly higher risk for in-hospital death. Cox proportional hazard regression confirmed that elevated baseline serum creatinine (hazard ratio: 2.10, 95% confidence interval: 1.36-3.26), elevated baseline blood urea nitrogen (3.97, 2.57-6.14), AKI stage 1 (1.90, 0.76-4.76), stage 2 (3.51, 1.49-8.26), stage 3 (4.38, 2.31-8.31), proteinuria 1+ (1.80, 0.81-4.00), 2+∼3+ (4.84, 2.00-11.70), and hematuria 1+ (2.99, 1.39-6.42), 2+∼3+ (5.56,2.58- 12.01) were independent risk factors for in-hospital death after adjusting for age, sex, disease severity, comorbidity and leukocyte count. Thus, our findings show the prevalence of kidney disease on admission and the development of AKI during hospitalization in patients with COVID-19 is high and is associated with in-hospital mortality. Hence, clinicians should increase their awareness of kidney disease in patients with severe COVID-19.
JO  - Kidney International
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.kint.2020.03.005
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0085253820302556
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A report of clinical diagnosis and treatment of nine cases of coronavirus disease 2019
AU  - Chen, Qing
AU  - Quan, Bin
AU  - Li, Xiaoning
AU  - Gao, Guangjian
AU  - Zheng, Wenqiang
AU  - Zhang, Jun
AU  - Zhang, Zhiyun
AU  - Liu, Chunsheng
AU  - Li, Li
AU  - Wang, Chenglin
AU  - Zhang, Guihua
AU  - Li, Jiajia
AU  - Dai, Yunhai
AU  - Yang, Jianghua
AU  - Han, Wenzheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 has become an important public health issue in the world. More than 118 000 cases were confirmed around the world. The main clinical manifestations were respiratory symptoms and occasional gastrointestinal symptoms. However, there is no unified standard for the diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19. In the retrospective analysis, we report nine cases of COVID-19, describe the history of contact, clinical manifestations, the course of diagnosis and clinical treatment before, during and after treatment.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - MEDLINE:32162699
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25755
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32162699
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Disease With Positive Fecal and Negative Pharyngeal and Sputum Viral Tests
AU  - Chen, Lijuan
AU  - Lou, Jianghua
AU  - Bai, Yan
AU  - Wang, Meiyun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - American Journal of Gastroenterology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Publish Ahead of Print
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00000434-900000000-99371
DO  - 10.14309/ajg.0000000000000610
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/ajg/Fulltext/publishahead/COVID_19_Disease_With_Positive_Fecal_and_Negative.99371.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel Coronavirus and Orthopaedic Surgery: Early Experiences from Singapore
AU  - Chang Liang, Zhen
AU  - Wang, Wilson
AU  - Murphy, Diarmuid
AU  - Po Hui, James Hoi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JBJS
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Latest Articles
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00004623-900000000-99807
DO  - 10.2106/jbjs.20.00236
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/jbjsjournal/Fulltext/latest/Novel_Coronavirus_and_Orthopaedic_Surgery__Early.99807.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Genomic characterization of the 2019 novel human-pathogenic coronavirus isolated from a patient with atypical pneumonia after visiting Wuhan (vol 23, pg 2511, 2019)
AU  - Chan, J. F. W.
AU  - K-H, Kok
AU  - Zhu, Z.
AU  - Chu, H.
AU  - To, K. K. W.
AU  - Yuan, S.
AU  - Yuen, K. Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Emerging Microbes & Infections
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
PG  - 540-540
SP  - 540
EP  - 540
AN  - WOS:000518959700001
DO  - 10.1080/22221751.2020.1737364
UR  - <Go to ISI>://WOS:000518959700001
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Genomic variance of the 2019-nCoV coronavirus
AU  - Ceraolo, Carmine
AU  - Giorgi, Federico M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - There is a rising global concern for the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). Full genomic sequences have been released by the worldwide scientific community in the last few weeks to understand the evolutionary origin and molecular characteristics of this virus. Taking advantage of all the genomic information currently available, we constructed a phylogenetic tree including also representatives of other coronaviridae, such as Bat coronavirus (BCoV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome. We confirm high sequence similarity (>99%) between all sequenced 2019-nCoVs genomes available, with the closest BCoV sequence sharing 96.2% sequence identity, confirming the notion of a zoonotic origin of 2019-nCoV. Despite the low heterogeneity of the 2019-nCoV genomes, we could identify at least two hypervariable genomic hotspots, one of which is responsible for a Serine/Leucine variation in the viral ORF8-encoded protein. Finally, we perform a full proteomic comparison with other coronaviridae, identifying key aminoacidic differences to be considered for antiviral strategies deriving from previous anti-coronavirus approaches.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 92
IS  - 5
PG  - 522-528
SP  - 522
EP  - 528
AN  - WOS:000517439500001
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25700
UR  - <Go to ISI>://WOS:000517439500001
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Severe Outcomes Among Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) — United States, February 12–March 16, 2020
AU  - CDC COVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - What is already known about this topic? Early data from China suggest that a majority of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) deaths have occurred among adults aged ≥60 years and among persons with serious underlying health conditions. What is added by this report? This first preliminary description of outcomes among patients with COVID-19 in the United States indicates that fatality was highest in persons aged ≥85, ranging from 10% to 27%, followed by 3% to 11% among persons aged 65–84 years, 1% to 3% among persons aged 55-64 years, <1% among persons aged 20–54 years, and no fatalities among persons aged ≤19 years. What are the implications for public health practice? COVID-19 can result in severe disease, including hospitalization, admission to an intensive care unit, and death, especially among older adults. Everyone can take actions, such as social distancing, to help slow the spread of COVID-19 and protect older adults from severe illness.
JO  - MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep.
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6912e2
UR  - https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/mm6912e2.htm?s_cid=mm6912e2_w
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: don't forget deaf people
AU  - Castro, Helena Carla
AU  - Lins Ramos, Alex Sandro
AU  - Amorim, Gildete
AU  - Ratcliffe, Norman Arthur
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 579
IS  - 7799
PG  - 343-343
SP  - 343
EP  - 343
AN  - MEDLINE:32184486
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00782-2
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32184486
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus vaccines: five key questions as trials begin
AU  - Callaway, Ewen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Some experts warn that accelerated testing will involve some risky trade-offs.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00798-8
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00798-8
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Smoking Upregulates Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme-2 Receptor: A Potential Adhesion Site for Novel Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19)
AU  - Brake, Samuel James
AU  - Barnsley, Kathryn
AU  - Lu, Wenying
AU  - McAlinden, Kielan Darcy
AU  - Eapen, Mathew Suji
AU  - Sohal, Sukhwinder Singh
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The epicenter of the original outbreak in China has high male smoking rates of around 50%, and early reported death rates have an emphasis on older males, therefore the likelihood of smokers being overrepresented in fatalities is high. In Iran, China, Italy, and South Korea, female smoking rates are much lower than males. Fewer females have contracted the virus. If this analysis is correct, then Indonesia would be expected to begin experiencing high rates of Covid-19 because its male smoking rate is over 60% (Tobacco Atlas). Smokers are vulnerable to respiratory viruses. Smoking can upregulate angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) receptor, the known receptor for both the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and the human respiratory coronavirus NL638. This could also be true for new electronic smoking devices such as electronic cigarettes and &ldquo;heat-not-burn&rdquo; IQOS devices. ACE2 could be a novel adhesion molecule for SARS-CoV-2 causing Covid-19 and a potential therapeutic target for the prevention of fatal microbial infections, and therefore it should be fast tracked and prioritized for research and investigation. Data on smoking status should be collected on all identified cases of Covid-19.
JO  - Journal of Clinical Medicine 2020, Vol. 9, Page 841
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 3
PG  - 841-841
SP  - 841
EP  - 841
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/JCM9030841
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Public health measures to slow community spread of COVID-19 | The Journal of Infectious Diseases | Oxford Academic
AU  - Benjamin J Cowling, PhD Allison Aiello PhD
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 was initially identified in an outbreak of viral pneumonia in Wuhan in December 2019, and has now been recognized in 77 countries with over 90,000 laboratory-confirmed cases and over 3,000 deaths as of 3 March 2020 [1]. The epidemiology of COVID-19 has recently become clearer as incident cases continue to rise and researchers refine estimates of the severity, transmissibility, and populations affected. Based on available data, COVID-19 is efficiently transmitted in the community, and the proportion of infections leading to severe illness is particularly high among adults ≥50 years of age and among individuals with comorbid health conditions. Although rare, severe cases have also been reported among younger individuals. Thus far, the estimated basic reproductive number (R0) of COVID-19 is higher than that of influenza [2], as is the case fatality risk for adults and older individuals. An estimated 80% of COVID-19 cases are mild [1]. This is not a glass half full statistic, as 20% of infections result in clinically severe cases that have the potential to overwhelm already overburdened health facilities. Given the lack of vaccines and effective antivirals, nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) are the most effective available interventions for local and global control and mitigation of COVID-19. To date, measures aimed at slowing introduction of infection globally have included travel restrictions, isolation of confirmed cases, and quarantine of exposed persons. In the United States, NPIs have reduced the number of infected persons entering the country, but recent outbreaks in multiple US states make it clear that these measures have delayed but not prevented community transmission. In 2009, NPIs were able to delay large epidemic waves of pandemic influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 in some locations until after the summer, since influenza transmission tends to be reduced by higher temperatures and humidity. It is unclear whether COVID-19 transmission will be heavily affected by seasonal weather variation, given that transmission is now occurring in multiple tropical and sub-tropical locations.
JO  - The Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
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VL  - 
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PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/jid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/infdis/jiaa123/5810274?searchresult=1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Should patients stop their biologic treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Bashyam, Arjun M.
AU  - Feldman, Steven R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of dermatological treatment
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/09546634.2020.1742438
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Immunoinformatics-aided identification of T cell and B cell epitopes in the surface glycoprotein of 2019-nCoV
AU  - Baruah, Vargab
AU  - Bose, Sujoy
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak has caused a large number of deaths with thousands of confirmed cases worldwide, especially in East Asia. This study took an immunoinformatics approach to identify significant cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) and B cell epitopes in the 2019-nCoV surface glycoprotein. Also, interactions between identified CTL epitopes and their corresponding major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I supertype representatives prevalent in China were studied by molecular dynamics simulations. We identified five CTL epitopes, three sequential B cell epitopes and five discontinuous B cell epitopes in the viral surface glycoprotein. Also, during simulations, the CTL epitopes were observed to be binding MHC class I peptide-binding grooves via multiple contacts, with continuous hydrogen bonds and salt bridge anchors, indicating their potential in generating immune responses. Some of these identified epitopes can be potential candidates for the development of 2019-nCoV vaccines.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 92
IS  - 5
PG  - 495-500
SP  - 495
EP  - 500
AN  - WOS:000517679900001
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25698
UR  - <Go to ISI>://WOS:000517679900001
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Teicoplanin: an alternative drug for the treatment of coronavirus COVID-19?
AU  - Baron, Sophie Alexandra
AU  - Devaux, Christian
AU  - Colson, Philippe
AU  - Raoult, Didier
AU  - Rolain, Jean-Marc
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, a new coronavirus, named SARS-CoV-2, has emerged from China causing pneumonia outbreaks first in the Wuhan region and have now spread worldwide because of its probable high transmission efficiency. Due to the lack of efficient and specific treatments and the need to contain the epidemic, drug repurposing appears to be the besttool to find therapeutic solution. Chloroquine, remdesivir, lopinavir, ribavirin or ritonavir have shown efficacy to inhibit coronavirus in vitro. Teicoplanin, an antibiotic used to treat staphylococci infection, previously showed efficacy to inhibit the first stageof MERS-coronarivus viral cyclein human cells. This activity is conserved on the SARS-Cov-2,thus placing teicoplanin as a potential treatment for patients with this virus.
JO  - International journal of antimicrobial agents
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 105944-105944
SP  - 105944
EP  - 105944
AN  - MEDLINE:32179150
DO  - 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105944
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32179150
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Alert for non-respiratory symptoms of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients in epidemic period: A case report of familial cluster with three asymptomatic COVID-19 patients
AU  - Lu, Shubiao
AU  - Lin, Jinsong
AU  - Zhang, Zhiqiao
AU  - Xiao, Liping
AU  - Jiang, Zhijian
AU  - Chen, Jia
AU  - Hu, Chongjing
AU  - Luo, Shi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - At present, Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is rampaging around the world. However, asymptomatic carriers intensified the difficulty of prevention and management. Here we reported the screening, clinical feathers, and treatment process of a family cluster involving three COVID-19 patients. The discovery of the first asymptomatic carrier in this family cluster depends on the repeated and comprehensive epidemiological investigation by disease control experts. In addition, the combination of multiple detection methods can help clinicians find asymptomatic carriers as early as possible. In conclusion, the prevention and control experience of this family cluster showed that comprehensive rigorous epidemiological investigation and combination of multiple detection methods were of great value for the detection of hidden asymptomatic carriers. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25776
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - The impact of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) on coughing distance: implications on its use during the novel coronavirus disease outbreak
AU  - Loh, Ne-Hooi Will
AU  - Tan, Yanni
AU  - Taculod, Juvel
AU  - Gorospe, Billy
AU  - Teope, Analine S.
AU  - Somani, Jyoti
AU  - Tan, Addy Yong Hui
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12630-020-01634-3
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Overlapping and discrete aspects of the pathology and pathogenesis of the emerging human pathogenic coronaviruses SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and 2019-nCoV
AU  - Liu, Jia
AU  - Zheng, Xin
AU  - Tong, Qiaoxia
AU  - Li, Wei
AU  - Wang, Baoju
AU  - Sutter, Kathrin
AU  - Trilling, Mirko
AU  - Lu, Mengji
AU  - Dittmer, Ulf
AU  - Yang, Dongliang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - First reported from Wuhan, The People's Republic of China, on 31 December 2019, the ongoing outbreak of a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) causes great global concerns. Based on the advice of the International Health Regulations Emergency Committee and the fact that to date 24 other countries also reported cases, the WHO Director-General declared that the outbreak of 2019-nCoV constitutes a Public Health Emergency of International Concern on 30 January 2020. Together with the other two highly pathogenic coronaviruses, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), 2019-nCov and other yet to be identified coronaviruses pose a global threat to public health. In this mini-review, we provide a brief introduction to the pathology and pathogenesis of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV and extrapolate this knowledge to the newly identified 2019-nCoV.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 92
IS  - 5
PG  - 491-494
SP  - 491
EP  - 494
AN  - WOS:000514677000001
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25709
UR  - <Go to ISI>://WOS:000514677000001
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Thrombocytopenia is associated with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections: A meta-analysis
AU  - Lippi, Giuseppe
AU  - Plebani, Mario
AU  - Michael Henry, Brandon
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a novel infectious disease with lack of established laboratory markers available to evaluate illness severity. In this study, we investigate whether platelet count could differentiate between COVID-19 patients with or without severe disease. Additionally, we evaluate if thrombocytopenia is associated with severe COVID-19. METHODS: An electronic search in Medline, Scopus and Web of Science was performed to identify studies reporting data on platelet count in COVID-19 patients. A meta-analysis was performed, with calculation of weighted mean difference (WMD) of platelet number in COVID-19 patients with or without severe disease and odds ratio (OR) of thrombocytopenia for severe form of COVID-19. RESULTS: Nine studies with 1779 COVID-19 patients, 399 (22.4%) with severe disease, were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled analysis revealed that platelet count was significantly lower in patients with more severe COVID-19 (WMD -31*109/L; 95% CI, from -35 to -29*109/L). A subgroup analysis comparing patients by survival, found an even lower platelet count was observed with mortality (WMD, -48*109/L; 95% CI, -57 to -39*109/L. In the four studies (n=1427) which reported data on rate of thrombocytopenia, a low platelet count was associated with over fivefold enhanced risk of severe COVID-19 (OR, 5.1; 95% CI, 1.8-14.6). CONCLUSIONS: Low platelet count is associated with increased risk of severe disease and mortality in patients with COVID-19, and thus should serve as clinical indicator of worsening illness during hospitalization.
JO  - Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - MEDLINE:32178975
DO  - 10.1016/j.cca.2020.03.022
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32178975
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The critical role of laboratory medicine during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and other viral outbreaks
AU  - Lippi, Giuseppe
AU  - Plebani, Mario
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019, abbreviated to COVID-19 and sustained by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is the latest biological hazard to assume the relevance of insidious worldwide threat. One obvious question that is now engaging the minds of many scientists and healthcare professionals is whether and eventually how laboratory medicine could efficiently contribute to counteract this and other (future) viral outbreaks. Despite there being evidence that laboratory tests are vital throughout many clinical pathways, there are at least three major areas where in vitro diagnostics can also provide essential contributions to diagnostic reasoning and managed care of patients with suspected or confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. These include etiological diagnosis, patient monitoring, as well as epidemiologic surveillance. Nonetheless, some structural and practical aspects may generate substantial hurdles in providing timely and efficient response to this infectious emergency, which basically include inadequate (insufficient) environment and shortage of technical and human resources for facing enhanced volume of tests on many infected patients, some of whom are with severe disease. Some proactive and reactive strategies may hence be identified to confront this serious healthcare challenge, which entail major investments on conventional laboratory resources, reinforcement of regional networks of clinical laboratories, installation of mobile laboratories, as well as being proactive in establishing laboratory emergency plans.
JO  - Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1515/cclm-2020-0240
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Persistence and clearance of viral RNA in 2019 novel coronavirus disease rehabilitation patients
AU  - Ling, Yun
AU  - Xu, Shui-Bao
AU  - Lin, Yi-Xiao
AU  - Tian, Di
AU  - Zhu, Zhao-Qin
AU  - Dai, Fa-Hui
AU  - Wu, Fan
AU  - Song, Zhi-Gang
AU  - Huang, Wei
AU  - Chen, Jun
AU  - Hu, Bi-Jie
AU  - Wang, Sheng
AU  - Mao, En-Qiang
AU  - Zhu, Lei
AU  - Zhang, Wen-Hong
AU  - Lu, Hong-Zhou
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background: A patient's infectivity is determined by the presence of the virus in different body fluids, secretions, and excreta. The persistence and clearance of viral RNA from different specimens of patients with 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) remain unclear. This study analyzed the clearance time and factors influencing 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) RNA in different samples from patients with COVID-19, providing further evidence to improve the management of patients during convalescence. Methods: The clinical data and laboratory test results of convalescent patients with COVID-19 who were admitted to from January 20, 2020 to February 10, 2020 were collected retrospectively. The reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) results for patients’ oropharyngeal swab, stool, urine, and serum samples were collected and analyzed. Convalescent patients refer to recovered non-febrile patients without respiratory symptoms who had two successive (minimum 24 h sampling interval) negative RT-PCR results for viral RNA from oropharyngeal swabs. The effects of cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4)+ T lymphocytes, inflammatory indicators, and glucocorticoid treatment on viral nucleic acid clearance were analyzed. Results: In the 292 confirmed cases, 66 patients recovered after treatment and were included in our study. In total, 28 (42.4%) women and 38 men (57.6%) with a median age of 44.0 (34.0–62.0) years were analyzed. After in-hospital treatment, patients’ inflammatory indicators decreased with improved clinical condition. The median time from the onset of symptoms to first negative RT-PCR results for oropharyngeal swabs in convalescent patients was 9.5 (6.0–11.0) days. By February 10, 2020, 11 convalescent patients (16.7%) still tested positive for viral RNA from stool specimens and the other 55 patients’ stool specimens were negative for 2019-nCoV following a median duration of 11.0 (9.0–16.0) days after symptom onset. Among these 55 patients, 43 had a longer duration until stool specimens were negative for viral RNA than for throat swabs, with a median delay of 2.0 (1.0–4.0) days. Results for only four (6.9%) urine samples were positive for viral nucleic acid out of 58 cases; viral RNA was still present in three patients’ urine specimens after throat swabs were negative. Using a multiple linear regression model (F = 2.669, P = 0.044, and adjusted R2 = 0.122), the analysis showed that the CD4+ T lymphocyte count may help predict the duration of viral RNA detection in patients’ stools (t = −2.699, P = 0.010). The duration of viral RNA detection from oropharyngeal swabs and fecal samples in the glucocorticoid treatment group was longer than that in the non-glucocorticoid treatment group (15 days vs. 8.0 days, respectively; t = 2.550, P = 0.013) and the duration of viral RNA detection in fecal samples in the glucocorticoid treatment group was longer than that in the non-glucocorticoid treatment group (20 days vs. 11 days, respectively; t = 4.631, P < 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in inflammatory indicators between patients with positive fecal viral RNA test results and those with negative results (P > 0.05). Conclusions: In brief, as the clearance of viral RNA in patients’ stools was delayed compared to that in oropharyngeal swabs, it is important to identify viral RNA in feces during convalescence. Because of the delayed clearance of viral RNA in the glucocorticoid treatment group, glucocorticoids are not recommended in the treatment of COVID-19, especially for mild disease. The duration of RNA detection may relate to host cell immunity. Correspondence to: Prof. Hong-Zhou Lu, Department of Infectious Disease, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai 201508, ChinaE-Mail: luhongzhou@fudan.edu.cn How to cite this article: Ling Y, Xu SB, Lin YX, Tian D, Zhu ZQ, Dai FH, Wu F, Song ZG, Huang W, Chen J, Hu BJ, Wang S, Mao EQ, Zhu L, Zhang WH, Lu HZ. Persistence and clearance of viral RNA in 2019 novel coronavirus disease rehabilitation patients. Chin Med J 2020;00:00–00. doi: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000774 Yun Ling, Shui-Bao Xu, and Yi-Xiao Lin contributed equally to this work and should be regarded as co-first authors. Received February 14, 2020 This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 © 2020 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.
JO  - Chinese Medical Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Publish Ahead of Print
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00029330-900000000-99362
DO  - 10.1097/cm9.0000000000000774
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/cmj/Fulltext/publishahead/Persistence_and_clearance_of_viral_RNA_in_2019.99362.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Diagnosis and Treatment Plan for COVID-19VCOID-2019 (Trial Version 6) Potential therapeutic options for coronavirus disease 2019: using knowledge of past outbreaks to guide future treatment
AU  - Lin, John
AU  - Ouyang, Jing
AU  - Peng, Xiao-Rong
AU  - Isnard, Stéphane
AU  - Fombuena, Brandon
AU  - Routy, Jean-Pierre
AU  - Chen, Yao-Kai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Chinese Medical Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Publish Ahead of Print
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00029330-900000000-99321
DO  - 10.1097/cm9.0000000000000819 10.1097/cm9.0000000000000816
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/cmj/Fulltext/publishahead/Diagnosis_and_Treatment_Plan_for.99321.aspx https://journals.lww.com/cmj/Fulltext/publishahead/Potential_therapeutic_options_for_coronavirus.99320.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Transmission dynamics and evolutionary history of 2019-nCoV
AU  - Li, Xingguang
AU  - Wang, Wei
AU  - Zhao, Xiaofang
AU  - Zai, Junjie
AU  - Zhao, Qiang
AU  - Li, Yi
AU  - Chaillon, Antoine
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - To investigate the time origin, genetic diversity, and transmission dynamics of the recent 2019-nCoV outbreak in China and beyond, a total of 32 genomes of virus strains sampled from China, Thailand, and the USA with sampling dates between 24 December 2019 and 23 January 2020 were analyzed. Phylogenetic, transmission network, and likelihood-mapping analyses of the genome sequences were performed. On the basis of the likelihood-mapping analysis, the increasing tree-like signals (from 0% to 8.2%, 18.2%, and 25.4%) over time may be indicative of increasing genetic diversity of 2019-nCoV in human hosts. We identified three phylogenetic clusters using the Bayesian inference framework and three transmission clusters using transmission network analysis, with only one cluster identified by both methods using the above genome sequences of 2019-nCoV strains. The estimated mean evolutionary rate for 2019-nCoV ranged from 1.7926 x 10(-3) to 1.8266 x 10(-3) substitutions per site per year. On the basis of our study, undertaking epidemiological investigations and genomic data surveillance could positively impact public health in terms of guiding prevention efforts to reduce 2019-nCOV transmission in real-time.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 92
IS  - 5
PG  - 501-511
SP  - 501
EP  - 511
AN  - WOS:000513293400001
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25701
UR  - <Go to ISI>://WOS:000513293400001
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Diagnosis and clinical management of severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection: an operational recommendation of Peking Union Medical College Hospital (V2.0)
AU  - Li, Taisheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, China has been experiencing an outbreak of a new infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The clinical features include fever, coughing, shortness of breath, and inflammatory lung infiltration. China rapidly listed SARS-CoV-2-related pneumonia as a statutory infectious disease. To standardize the diagnosis and treatment of this new infectious disease, an operational recommendation for the diagnosis and management of SARS-CoV-2 infection is developed by Peking Union Medical College Hospital.
JO  - Emerging microbes & infections
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
PG  - 582-585
SP  - 582
EP  - 585
AN  - MEDLINE:32172669
DO  - 10.1080/22221751.2020.1735265
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32172669
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Impact of COVID-19 Epidemic Declaration on Psychological Consequences: A Study on Active Weibo Users
AU  - Li, Sijia
AU  - Wang, Yilin
AU  - Xue, Jia
AU  - Zhao, Nan
AU  - Zhu, Tingshao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>COVID-19 (Corona Virus Disease 2019) has significantly resulted in a large number of psychological consequences. The aim of this study is to explore the impacts of COVID-19 on people’s mental health, to assist policy makers to develop actionable policies, and help clinical practitioners (e.g., social workers, psychiatrists, and psychologists) provide timely services to affected populations. We sample and analyze the Weibo posts from 17,865 active Weibo users using the approach of Online Ecological Recognition (OER) based on several machine-learning predictive models. We calculated word frequency, scores of emotional indicators (e.g., anxiety, depression, indignation, and Oxford happiness) and cognitive indicators (e.g., social risk judgment and life satisfaction) from the collected data. The sentiment analysis and the paired sample t-test were performed to examine the differences in the same group before and after the declaration of COVID-19 on 20 January, 2020. The results showed that negative emotions (e.g., anxiety, depression and indignation) and sensitivity to social risks increased, while the scores of positive emotions (e.g., Oxford happiness) and life satisfaction decreased. People were concerned more about their health and family, while less about leisure and friends. The results contribute to the knowledge gaps of short-term individual changes in psychological conditions after the outbreak. It may provide references for policy makers to plan and fight against COVID-19 effectively by improving stability of popular feelings and urgently prepare clinical practitioners to deliver corresponding therapy foundations for the risk groups and affected people.</p>
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 17
IS  - 6
PG  - 2032-2032
SP  - 2032
EP  - 2032
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/ijerph17062032
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/6/2032
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Traditional Chinese medicine for novel coronavirus pneumonia treatment: main force or supplement?
AU  - Li, Mi
AU  - Yang, Xue
AU  - Li, Kai
AU  - Xie, Yi-Qiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Traditional Medicine Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 5
IS  - 2
PG  - 62-64
SP  - 62
EP  - 64
AN  - WOS:000518426600001
DO  - 10.12032/tmr20200204158
UR  - <Go to ISI>://WOS:000518426600001
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Artificial Intelligence Distinguishes COVID-19 from Community Acquired Pneumonia on Chest CT
AU  - Li, Lin
AU  - Qin, Lixin
AU  - Xu, Zeguo
AU  - Yin, Youbing
AU  - Wang, Xin
AU  - Kong, Bin
AU  - Bai, Junjie
AU  - Lu, Yi
AU  - Fang, Zhenghan
AU  - Song, Qi
AU  - Cao, Kunlin
AU  - Liu, Daliang
AU  - Wang, Guisheng
AU  - Xu, Qizhong
AU  - Fang, Xisheng
AU  - Zhang, Shiqin
AU  - Xia, Juan
AU  - Xia, Jun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background Coronavirus disease has widely spread all over the world since the beginning of 2020. It is desirable to develop automatic and accurate detection of COVID-19 using chest CT. Purpose To develop a fully automatic framework to detect COVID-19 using chest CT and evaluate its performances. Materials and Methods In this retrospective and multi-center study, a deep learning model, COVID-19 detection neural network (COVNet), was developed to extract visual features from volumetric chest CT exams for the detection of COVID-19. Community acquired pneumonia (CAP) and other non-pneumonia CT exams were included to test the robustness of the model. The datasets were collected from 6 hospitals between August 2016 and February 2020. Diagnostic performance was assessed by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), sensitivity and specificity. Results The collected dataset consisted of 4356 chest CT exams from 3,322 patients. The average age is 49±15 years and there were slightly more male patients than female (1838 vs 1484; p-value=0.29). The per-exam sensitivity and specificity for detecting COVID-19 in the independent test set was 114 of 127 (90% [95% CI: 83%, 94%]) and 294 of 307 (96% [95% CI: 93%, 98%]), respectively, with an AUC of 0.96 (p-value<0.001). The per-exam sensitivity and specificity for detecting CAP in the independent test set was 87% (152 of 175) and 92% (239 of 259), respectively, with an AUC of 0.95 (95% CI: 0.93, 0.97). Conclusions A deep learning model can accurately detect COVID-19 and differentiate it from community acquired pneumonia and other lung diseases.
JO  - Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 200905-200905
SP  - 200905
EP  - 200905
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1148/radiol.2020200905
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Game consumption and the 2019 novel coronavirus (vol 20, pg 275, 2019)
AU  - Li, J.
AU  - Xie, X.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 20
IS  - 3
PG  - E27-E27
SP  - E27
EP  - E27
AN  - WOS:000517813700002
DO  - 
UR  - <Go to ISI>://WOS:000517813700002
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Natural small molecules as inhibitors of coronavirus lipid-dependent attachment to host cells: a possible strategy for reducing SARS-COV-2 infectivity?
AU  - Baglivo, Mirko
AU  - Baronio, Manuela
AU  - Natalini, Giuseppe
AU  - Beccari, Tommaso
AU  - Chiurazzi, Pietro
AU  - Fulcheri, Ezio
AU  - Petralia, Paolo Pietro
AU  - Michelini, Sandro
AU  - Fiorentini, Giovanni
AU  - Miggiano, Giacinto Abele
AU  - Morresi, Assunta
AU  - Tonini, Gerolamo
AU  - Bertelli, Matteo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Viral infectivity depends on interactions between components of the host cell plasma membrane and the virus envelope. Here we review strategies that could help stem the advance of the SARS-COV-2 epidemic. METHODS AND RESULTS: We focus on the role of lipid structures, such as lipid rafts and cholesterol, involved in the process, mediated by endocytosis, by which viruses attach to and infect cells. Previous studies have shown that many naturally derived substances, such as cyclodextrin and sterols, could reduce the infectivity of many types of viruses, including the coronavirus family, through interference with lipid-dependent attachment to human host cells. CONCLUSIONS: Certain molecules prove able to reduce the infectivity of some coronaviruses, possibly by inhibiting viral lipid-dependent attachment to host cells. More research into these molecules and methods would be worthwhile as it could provide insights the mechanism of transmission of SARS-COV-2 and, into how they could become a basis for new antiviral strategies.
JO  - Acta bio-medica : Atenei Parmensis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 91
IS  - 1
PG  - 161-164
SP  - 161
EP  - 164
AN  - 
DO  - 10.23750/abm.v91i1.9402
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Securing the Safety Net and Protecting Public Health During a Pandemic: Medicaid's Response to COVID-19
AU  - Bachireddy, Chethan
AU  - Chen, Christopher
AU  - Dar, Mohammad
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.4272
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Characteristics and Outcomes of 21 Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19 in Washington State
AU  - Arentz, Matt
AU  - Yim, Eric
AU  - Klaff, Lindy
AU  - Lokhandwala, Sharukh
AU  - Riedo, Francis X.
AU  - Chong, Maria
AU  - Lee, Melissa
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.4326
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Viral loads of SARS, MERS and SARS-CoV-2 in respiratory specimens: What have we learned?
AU  - Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Travel medicine and infectious disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101629-101629
SP  - 101629
EP  - 101629
AN  - MEDLINE:32179122
DO  - 10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101629
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32179122
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - New coronavirus
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Bulletin of the World Health Organization
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 98
IS  - 2
PG  - 81-81
SP  - 81
EP  - 81
AN  - WOS:000518382200005
DO  - 
UR  - <Go to ISI>://WOS:000518382200005
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel coronavirus response
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Bulletin of the World Health Organization
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 98
IS  - 3
PG  - 155-155
SP  - 155
EP  - 155
AN  - WOS:000518382600005
DO  - 
UR  - <Go to ISI>://WOS:000518382600005
NS  - 
N1  - Jose  Garnica (2020-03-20 22:24:14)(Screen): https://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/98/3/20-010320.pdf; 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Coronavirus vaccine trial, Mars rover delay and a boost for UK science
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 579
IS  - 
PG  - 324-325
SP  - 324
EP  - 325
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00752-8
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Probable Pangolin Origin of SARS-CoV-2 Associated with the COVID-19 Outbreak
AU  - Zhang, Tao
AU  - Wu, Qunfu
AU  - Zhang, Zhigang
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - An outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) began in the city of Wuhan in China and has widely spread worldwide. Currently, it is vital to explore potential intermediate hosts of SARS-CoV-2 to control COVID-19 spread. Therefore, we reinvestigated published data from pangolin lung samples from which SARS-CoV-like CoVs were detected by Liu et al. [1]. We found genomic and evolutionary evidence of the occurrence of a SARS-CoV-2-like CoV (named Pangolin-CoV) in dead Malayan pangolins. Pangolin-CoV is 91.02% and 90.55% identical to SARS-CoV-2 and BatCoV RaTG13, respectively, at the whole-genome level. Aside from RaTG13, Pangolin-CoV is the most closely related CoV to SARS-CoV-2. The S1 protein of Pangolin-CoV is much more closely related to SARS-CoV-2 than to RaTG13. Five key amino acid residues involved in the interaction with human ACE2 are completely consistent between Pangolin-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, but four amino acid mutations are present in RaTG13. Both Pangolin-CoV and RaTG13 lost the putative furin recognition sequence motif at S1/S2 cleavage site that can be observed in the SARS-CoV-2. Conclusively, this study suggests that pangolin species are a natural reservoir of SARS-CoV-2-like CoVs.
JO  - Current Biology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.cub.2020.03.022
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2020.03.022
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The evolution of CT characteristics in the patients with COVID-19 pneumonia
AU  - Lei, Pinggui
AU  - Fan, Bing
AU  - Yuan, Yingnan
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.014
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.014
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Comprehensive analysis for diagnosis of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) infection
AU  - Lei, Pinggui
AU  - Fan, Bing
AU  - Mao, Jujiang
AU  - Wang, Pingxian
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.016
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.016
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in Iran; actions and problems
AU  - Abdi, Milad
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-5
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/ice.2020.86
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/coronavirus-disease-2019-covid19-outbreak-in-iran-actions-and-problems/E862A26E30F671370506BF0CC6C73A38
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Establishing and Managing a Temporary Coronavirus Disease 2019 Specialty Hospital in Wuhan, China
AU  - Zhu, W.
AU  - Wang, Y.
AU  - Xiao, K.
AU  - Zhang, H.
AU  - Tian, Y.
AU  - Clifford, S. P.
AU  - Xu, J.
AU  - Huang, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Anesthesiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32195700
DO  - 10.1097/aln.0000000000003299
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Network-based drug repurposing for novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV/SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Zhou, Y.
AU  - Hou, Y.
AU  - Shen, J.
AU  - Huang, Y.
AU  - Martin, W.
AU  - Cheng, F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Human coronaviruses (HCoVs), including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV, also known as SARS-CoV-2), lead global epidemics with high morbidity and mortality. However, there are currently no effective drugs targeting 2019-nCoV/SARS-CoV-2. Drug repurposing, representing as an effective drug discovery strategy from existing drugs, could shorten the time and reduce the cost compared to de novo drug discovery. In this study, we present an integrative, antiviral drug repurposing methodology implementing a systems pharmacology-based network medicine platform, quantifying the interplay between the HCoV-host interactome and drug targets in the human protein-protein interaction network. Phylogenetic analyses of 15 HCoV whole genomes reveal that 2019-nCoV/SARS-CoV-2 shares the highest nucleotide sequence identity with SARS-CoV (79.7%). Specifically, the envelope and nucleocapsid proteins of 2019-nCoV/SARS-CoV-2 are two evolutionarily conserved regions, having the sequence identities of 96% and 89.6%, respectively, compared to SARS-CoV. Using network proximity analyses of drug targets and HCoV-host interactions in the human interactome, we prioritize 16 potential anti-HCoV repurposable drugs (e.g., melatonin, mercaptopurine, and sirolimus) that are further validated by enrichment analyses of drug-gene signatures and HCoV-induced transcriptomics data in human cell lines. We further identify three potential drug combinations (e.g., sirolimus plus dactinomycin, mercaptopurine plus melatonin, and toremifene plus emodin) captured by the "Complementary Exposure" pattern: the targets of the drugs both hit the HCoV-host subnetwork, but target separate neighborhoods in the human interactome network. In summary, this study offers powerful network-based methodologies for rapid identification of candidate repurposable drugs and potential drug combinations targeting 2019-nCoV/SARS-CoV-2.
JO  - Cell discovery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 6
IS  - 
PG  - 14
SP  - 14
EP  - 
AN  - 32194980
DO  - 10.1038/s41421-020-0153-3
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: a recommendation to examine the effect of hydroxychloroquine in preventing infection and progression
AU  - Zhou, D.
AU  - Dai, S. M.
AU  - Tong, Q.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by infection with SARS-CoV-2, has swept across 31 provinces in China and over 40 countries worldwide. The transition from first symptoms to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is highly likely to be due to uncontrolled cytokine release. There is an urgent need to identify safe and effective drugs for treatment. Chloroquine (CQ) exhibits a promising inhibitory effect. However, the clinical use of CQ can cause severe side effects. We propose that hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), which exhibits an antiviral effect highly similar to that of CQ, could serve as a better therapeutic approach. HCQ is likely to attenuate the severe progression of COVID-19, inhibiting the cytokine storm by suppressing T cell activation. It has a safer clinical profile and is suitable for those who are pregnant. It is cheaper and more readily available in China. We herein strongly urge that clinical trials are performed to assess the preventive effects of HCQ in both disease infection and progression.
JO  - The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32196083
DO  - 10.1093/jac/dkaa114
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Clinical Characteristics of Myocardial injury 1 in Severe and Very Severe Patients with 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease
AU  - Zhou, Bo
AU  - She, Jianqing
AU  - Wang, Yadan
AU  - Ma, Xiancang
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.021
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.021
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Elevated exhaustion levels and reduced functional diversity of T cells in peripheral blood may predict severe progression in COVID-19 patients
AU  - Zheng, H. Y.
AU  - Zhang, M.
AU  - Yang, C. X.
AU  - Zhang, N.
AU  - Wang, X. C.
AU  - Yang, X. P.
AU  - Dong, X. Q.
AU  - Zheng, Y. T.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Cellular and Molecular Immunology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41423-020-0401-3
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2004439947 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41423-020-0401-3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Crystal structure of SARS-CoV-2 main protease provides a basis for design of improved α-ketoamide inhibitors
AU  - Zhang, L.
AU  - Lin, D.
AU  - Sun, X.
AU  - Curth, U.
AU  - Drosten, C.
AU  - Sauerhering, L.
AU  - Becker, S.
AU  - Rox, K.
AU  - Hilgenfeld, R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 is a global health emergency. An attractive drug target among coronaviruses is the main protease (M(pro), 3CL(pro)), due to its essential role in processing the polyproteins that are translated from the viral RNA. We report the X-ray structures of the unliganded SARS-CoV-2 M(pro) and its complex with an α-ketoamide inhibitor. This was derived from a previously designed inhibitor but with the P3-P2 amide bond incorporated into a pyridone ring to enhance the half-life of the compound in plasma. Based on the structure, we developed the lead compound into a potent inhibitor of the SARS-CoV-2 M(pro) The pharmacokinetic characterization of the optimized inhibitor reveals a pronounced lung tropism and suitability for administration by the inhalative route.
JO  - Science (New York, N.Y.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32198291
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb3405
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Effective Risk Communication for Public Health Emergency: Reflection on the COVID-19 (2019-nCoV) Outbreak in Wuhan, China
AU  - Zhang, Liwei
AU  - Li, Huijie
AU  - Chen, Kelin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Risk communication is critical to emergency management. The objective of this paper is to illustrate the effective process and attention points of risk communication reflecting on the COVID-19 (2019-nCoV) outbreak in Wuhan, China. We provide the timeline of risk communication progress in Wuhan and use a message-centered approach to identify problems that it entailed. It was found that the delayed decision making of the local government officials and the limited information disclosure should be mainly responsible for the ineffective risk communication. The principles for effective risk communication concerning Wuhan&rsquo;s outbreak management were also discussed. The whole communication process is suggested to integrate the accessibility and openness of risk information, the timing and frequency of communication, and the strategies dealing with uncertainties. Based on these principles and lessons from Wuhan&rsquo;s case, this paper employed a simplified Government&ndash;Expert&ndash;Public risk communication model to illustrate a collaborative network for effective risk communication.
JO  - Healthcare 2020, Vol. 8, Page 64
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 8
IS  - 1
PG  - 64-64
SP  - 64
EP  - 64
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/HEALTHCARE8010064
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Response of Chinese Anesthesiologists to the COVID-19 Outbreak
AU  - Zhang, H. F.
AU  - Bo, L. L.
AU  - Lin, Y.
AU  - Li, F. X.
AU  - Sun, S. J.
AU  - Lin, H. B.
AU  - Xu, S. Y.
AU  - Bian, J. J.
AU  - Yao, S. L.
AU  - Chen, X. D.
AU  - Meng, L.
AU  - Deng, X. M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The coronavirus disease 2019, named COVID-19 officially by the World Health Organization (Geneva, Switzerland) on February 12, 2020, has spread at unprecedented speed. After the first outbreak in Wuhan, China, Chinese anesthesiologists encountered increasing numbers of infected patients since December 2019. Because the main route of transmission is via respiratory droplets and close contact, anesthesia providers are at a high risk when responding to the devastating mass emergency. So far, actions have been taken including but not limited to nationwide actions and online education regarding special procedures of airway management, oxygen therapy, ventilation support, hemodynamic management, sedation, and analgesia. As the epidemic situation has lasted for months (thus far), special platforms have also been set up to provide free mental health care to all anesthesia providers participating in acute and critical caring for COVID-19 patients. The current article documents the actions taken, lesson learned, and future work needed.
JO  - Anesthesiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32195704
DO  - 10.1097/aln.0000000000003300
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Protein structure and sequence re-analysis of 2019-nCoV genome refutes snakes as its intermediate host or the unique similarity between its spike protein insertions and HIV-1
AU  - Zhang, Chengxin
AU  - Zheng, Wei
AU  - Huang, Xiaoqiang
AU  - Bell, Eric W.
AU  - Zhou, Xiaogen
AU  - Zhang, Yang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As the infection of 2019-nCoV coronavirus is quickly developing into a global pneumonia epidemic, careful analysis of its transmission and cellular mechanisms is sorely needed. In this report, we first analyzed two recent studies which concluded that snakes are the intermediate hosts of 2019-nCoV and that the 2019-nCoV spike protein insertions shared a unique similarity to HIV-1. The re-implementation of the analyses, built on larger-scale datasets using state-of-the-art bioinformatics methods and databases, present however clear evidences rebutting these conclusions. Next, using metagenomic samples from Manis javanica we assembled a draft genome of the 2019-nCoV-like coronavirus, which shows 73% coverage and 91% sequence identity to the 2019-nCoV genome. In particular, the alignments of the spike surface glycoprotein receptor binding domain revealed 4-fold more variations in the bat coronavirus RaTG13 than those in the Manis coronavirus compared to 2019-nCoV, suggesting the pangolin as a missing link in the transmission of 2019-nCoV from bats to human.
JO  - Journal of Proteome Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1021/acs.jproteome.0c00129
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jproteome.0c00129
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Regulating wildlife conservation and food safety to prevent human exposure to novel virus
AU  - Yuan, Jingjing
AU  - Lu, Yonglong
AU  - Cao, Xianghui
AU  - Cui, Haotian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Epidemiological investigation suggested that the current outbreak of COVID-19 virus was associated with a seafood market, and COVID-19 has been identified a probable bat origin. Similar to SARS event in 2003, such a zoonotic disease showed an animal-to-person and even more serious person-to-person spread, and posed a significant threat to the global health and socio-economic development. We analyzed the association of both outbreaks with wildlife diet in China and proposed suggestions for regulating wildlife conservation and food safety to prevent human exposure to the novel virus, including increasing social awareness of hazards in eating wild animals, strengthening legislation on eating and trading of wild animals, improving the standards for food safety, and establishing market supervision mechanism. Regulatory intervention is not only critical for China but also for other countries where wildlife hunting is prevalent to prevent from novel virus exposures.
JO  - Ecosystem Health and Sustainability
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 6
IS  - 1
PG  - 1741325-1741325
SP  - 1741325
EP  - 1741325
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/20964129.2020.1741325
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/20964129.2020.1741325
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Rethinking game consumption in tourism: a case of the 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia outbreak in China
AU  - Ying, Tianyu
AU  - Wang, Kaiyun
AU  - Liu, Xinyi
AU  - Wen, Jun
AU  - Goh, Edmund
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This opinion piece highlights a lethal connection between novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) and wildlife consumption in tourism. While NCP continues to make headlines in the mainstream media, little academic research has considered this illness, especially through the lens of food neophilic tourism. Yet this research stream requires attention, particularly because food is a key motivational factor behind tourists’ travel and destination choices. In the case of food neophilic tourism, visitors directly consume wildlife and other exotic cuisine. Unfortunately, this novelty-seeking behavior may pose health risks; wild and exotic animals can carry deadly viruses that have been found to trigger global health epidemics such as SARS, H1N1, bird flu, and NCP. Despite international government agencies’ legislative efforts to control wild and exotic animal consumption, demand from food neophilic tourists continues to increase. This paper initiates a dialogue urging tourism scholars to study food tourism and offers practical and theoretical insight to contextualize this perennial and pertinent phenomenon.
JO  - Tourism Recreation Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-6
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/02508281.2020.1743048
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/02508281.2020.1743048
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical features in pediatric COVID-19
AU  - Yasri, S.
AU  - Wiwanitkit, V.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Pediatric pulmonology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32196995
DO  - 10.1002/ppul.24737
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Three cases of novel coronavirus pneumonia with viral nucleic acids still positive in stool after throat swab detection turned negative
AU  - YANG, Zhiwei
AU  - LI, Ganwen
AU  - DAI, Xiaoling
AU  - LIU, Guirong
AU  - LI, Gang
AU  - JIE, Yusheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) has spread from Wuhan to all parts of China since December 2019, and the prevention and control of NCP is a top priority for medical staff. Now report three cases of NCP patients, whose viral nucleic acids still positive in stool after throat swab detection turned negative. In view of the highly homologous and similar clinical manifestations between the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) and the severe acute respiratory syndrome(SARS) related coronaviruses, it is recommended to attach great importance to the detection of the viral nucleic acids in stool, with the reference of SARS prevention and control experience. In order to minimize the risks of gastrointestinal spread, the detection of 2019-nCoV nucleic acids in stool may be recommended as the reference standard of disisolation and discharge.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Digestion
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 40
IS  - 0
PG  - E002-E002
SP  - E002
EP  - E002
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 2019 novel Coronavirus outbreak: a quiz or final exam?
AU  - Xu, J.
AU  - Chen, Y.
AU  - Chen, H.
AU  - Cao, B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The 2019 novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) is an emerging pathogen and is threatening the global health. Strikingly, more than 28 000 cases and 550 deaths have been reported within two months from disease emergence. Armed with experience from previous epidemics in the last two decades, clinicians, scientists, officials, and citizens in China are all contributing to the prevention of further 2019-nCoV transmission. Efficient preliminary work has enabled us to understand the basic characteristics of 2019-nCoV, but there are still many unanswered questions. It is too early now to judge our performance in this outbreak. Continuous and strengthened efforts should be made not only during the epidemic, but also afterwards in order to prepare for any incoming challenges.
JO  - Frontiers of medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32198708
DO  - 10.1007/s11684-020-0753-1
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Social Capital and Sleep Quality in Individuals Who Self-Isolated for 14 Days During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak in January 2020 in China
AU  - Xiao, H.
AU  - Zhang, Y.
AU  - Kong, D.
AU  - Li, S.
AU  - Yang, N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND From the end of December 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) began to spread in central China. Social capital is a measure of social trust, belonging, and participation. This study aimed to investigate the effects of social capital on sleep quality and the mechanisms involved in people who self-isolated at home for 14 days in January 2020 during the COVID-19 epidemic in central China. MATERIAL AND METHODS Individuals (n=170) who self-isolated at home for 14 days in central China, completed self-reported questionnaires on the third day of isolation. Individual social capital was assessed using the Personal Social Capital Scale 16 (PSCI-16) questionnaire. Anxiety was assessed using the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) questionnaire, stress was assessed using the Stanford Acute Stress Reaction (SASR) questionnaire, and sleep was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire. Path analysis was performed to evaluate the relationships between a dependent variable (social capital) and two or more independent variables, using Pearson's correlation analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM). RESULTS Low levels of social capital were associated with increased levels of anxiety and stress, but increased levels of social capital were positively associated with increased quality of sleep. Anxiety was associated with stress and reduced sleep quality, and the combination of anxiety and stress reduced the positive effects of social capital on sleep quality. CONCLUSIONS During a period of individual self-isolation during the COVID-19 virus epidemic in central China, increased social capital improved sleep quality by reducing anxiety and stress.
JO  - Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 26
IS  - 
PG  - e923921
SP  - e923921
EP  - 
AN  - 32194290
DO  - 10.12659/msm.923921
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Profile of Specific Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2: The First Report
AU  - Xiao, Dr Ai Tang
AU  - Gao, Dr Chun
AU  - Zhang, Dr Sheng
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.012
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.012
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Challenges for NHS hospitals during covid-19 epidemic
AU  - Willan, J.
AU  - King, A. J.
AU  - Jeffery, K.
AU  - Bienz, N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1117
SP  - m1117
EP  - 
AN  - 32198166
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1117
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: a fast evolving pandemic
AU  - Whitworth, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32198918
DO  - 10.1093/trstmh/traa025
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - PCOMM
TI  - High-dose intravenous immunoglobulin as a therapeutic option for deteriorating patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 | Open Forum Infectious Diseases | Oxford Academic
AU  - Wei Cao, M. D. Xiaosheng Liu PhD Tao Bai M. D. Hongwei Fan M. D. Ke Hong M. D. Hui Song M. D. Yang Han PhD Ling Lin M. D. Lianguo Ruan M. D. Taisheng Li M. D. PhD
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread rapidly in China. Till now, no definite effective treatment has been identified. We reported on three patients of severe COVID-19 who received high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) with satisfactory recovery. Based on these observations, randomized studies of high-dose IVIg should be considered in deteriorating patients infected with COVID-19.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/ofid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ofid/ofaa102/5810740?searchresult=1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility
AU  - Wang, Q.
AU  - Qiu, Y.
AU  - Li, J. Y.
AU  - Zhou, Z. J.
AU  - Liao, C. H.
AU  - Ge, X. Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Virologica Sinica
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32198163
DO  - 10.1007/s12250-020-00212-7
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Emergence du coronavirus SARS-CoV2: faire face a l'epidemie de COVID-19 TT - Facing challenges with the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 outbreak
AU  - van der Werf, Sylvie
AU  - Peltekian, Cecile
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Virologie (Montrouge, France)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1684/vir.2020.0826
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pandemic panic
AU  - Uhl, D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Deutsche Apotheker Zeitung
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 6
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005085338
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Managing Cancer Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Agility and Collaboration Toward a Common Goal
AU  - Ueda, M.
AU  - Martins, R.
AU  - Hendrie, P. C.
AU  - McDonnell, T.
AU  - Crews, J. R.
AU  - Wong, T. L.
AU  - McCreery, B.
AU  - Jagels, B.
AU  - Crane, A.
AU  - Byrd, D. R.
AU  - Pergam, S. A.
AU  - Davidson, N. E.
AU  - Liu, C.
AU  - Stewart, F. M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The first confirmed case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the United States was reported on January 20, 2020, in Snohomish County, Washington. At the epicenter of COVID-19 in the United States, the Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, and University of Washington are at the forefront of delivering care to patients with cancer during this public health crisis. This Special Feature highlights the unique circumstances and challenges of cancer treatment amidst this global pandemic, and the importance of organizational structure, preparation, agility, and a shared vision for continuing to provide cancer treatment to patients in the face of uncertainty and rapid change.
JO  - Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network : JNCCN
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 32198989
DO  - 10.6004/jnccn.2020.7560
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Molecular basis of COVID-19 relationships in different species: a one health perspective
AU  - Tilocca, B.
AU  - Soggiu, A.
AU  - Musella, V.
AU  - Britti, D.
AU  - Sanguinetti, M.
AU  - Urbani, A.
AU  - Roncada, P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Outside the Hubei province, China, the mild form of infection and the progressive recover of the COVID-19 patients suggest the intervention of "unconventional" biological mechanisms worthy of attention. Based on the high-homology between the Spike protein epitopes of taxonomically-related coronaviruses, we hypothesized that past contact with infected dogs shield humans against the circulating SARS-CoV-2. Elseways, the recurrent virus exposure over a short time-lapse might result in the Antibody Dependent Enhancement, triggering the violent immune reaction responsible for the severe clinical outcomes observed in the Hubei province. Nevertheless, further experimental studies are desired for a confidential evaluation of the postulated hypotheses.
JO  - Microbes and infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32194253
DO  - 10.1016/j.micinf.2020.03.002
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): update for anesthesiologists and intensivists March2020 TT - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): update fur Anasthesisten und Intensivmediziner Marz2020
AU  - Thomas-Ruddel, D.
AU  - Winning, J.
AU  - Dickmann, P.
AU  - Ouart, D.
AU  - Kortgen, A.
AU  - Janssens, U.
AU  - Bauer, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The current outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has reached Germany. The majority of people infected present with mild disease, but there are severe cases that need intensive care. Unlike other acute infectious diseases progressing to sepsis, the severe courses of COVID19 seemingly show prolonged progression from onset of first symptoms to life-threatening deterioration of (primarily) lung function. Diagnosis relies on PCR using specimens from the respiratory tract. Severe ARDS reflects the hallmark of a critical course of the disease. Preventing nosocomial infections (primarily by correct use of personal protective equipment) and maintenance of hospitals' operational capability are of utmost importance. Departments of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care and emergency medicine will envisage major challenges.
JO  - Der Anaesthesist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00101-020-00758-x
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Retraction—Chinese medical staff request international medical assistance in fighting against COVID-19 (The Lancet Global Health, (S2214109X20300656), (10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30065-6))
AU  - The Editors of The Lancet Global, Health
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - On Feb 26, 2020, we were informed by the authors of this Correspondence1 that the account described therein was not a first-hand account, as the authors had claimed, and that they wished to withdraw the piece. We have therefore taken the decision to retract this Correspondence.
JO  - The Lancet Global Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30076-0
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005079159 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30076-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: cases grow in US as Trump pushes promise of a malaria drug
AU  - Tanne, J. H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1155
SP  - m1155
EP  - 
AN  - 32198153
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1155
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Practical laboratory considerations amidst the COVID-19 outbreak: early experience from Singapore
AU  - Tan, S. S.
AU  - Yan, B.
AU  - Saw, S.
AU  - Lee, C. K.
AU  - Chong, A. T.
AU  - Jureen, R.
AU  - Sethi, S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a zoonotic viral infection originating from Wuhan, China in December 2019. The World Health Organization has classified this pandemic as a global health emergency due to its virulent nature of transmission, which may lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome. Singapore's health ministry has responded with enhanced surveillance of COVID-19 for all suspected pneumonia cases, further increasing the volume of testing via real-time reverse transcription PCR, as well as samples necessitating stringent infectious control. Collectively, this has implications on the total testing process, laboratory operations and its personnel due to biosafety concerns. Turnaround time for routine testing may also be affected. The aim of this article is to present our tertiary institution's early experience with managing this emerging crisis and offer practical considerations for the preanalytical, analytical and postanalytical phases of laboratory testing in this cohort of patients.
JO  - Journal of clinical pathology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32198147
DO  - 10.1136/jclinpath-2020-206563
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 battle during the toughest sanctions against Iran
AU  - Takian, A.
AU  - Raoofi, A.
AU  - Kazempour-Ardebili, S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Lancet (London, England)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32199073
DO  - 10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30668-1
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Diagnostic Value of Chest CT in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
AU  - Sun, Z.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Current medical imaging
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32196453
DO  - 10.2174/1573405616999200320163751
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Outbreak: An Overview on Dentistry
AU  - Spagnuolo, Gianrico
AU  - Vito, Danila De
AU  - Rengo, Sandro
AU  - Tatullo, Marco
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019, also called COVID-19, is the latest infectious disease to rapidly develop worldwide [...]
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, Vol. 17, Page 2094
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 17
IS  - 6
PG  - 2094-2094
SP  - 2094
EP  - 2094
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/IJERPH17062094
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Is there a role for lung ultrasound during the COVID-19 pandemic?
AU  - Soldati, G.
AU  - Smargiassi, A.
AU  - Inchingolo, R.
AU  - Buonsenso, D.
AU  - Perrone, T.
AU  - Briganti, D. F.
AU  - Perlini, S.
AU  - Torri, E.
AU  - Mariani, A.
AU  - Mossolani, E. E.
AU  - Tursi, F.
AU  - Mento, F.
AU  - Demi, L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32198775
DO  - 10.1002/jum.15284
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: Vulnerability and the power of privilege in a pandemic
AU  - Smith, J. A.
AU  - Judd, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Health promotion journal of Australia : official journal of Australian Association of Health Promotion Professionals
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32197274
DO  - 10.1002/hpja.333
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Telehealth for global emergencies: Implications for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
AU  - Smith, A. C.
AU  - Thomas, E.
AU  - Snoswell, C. L.
AU  - Haydon, H.
AU  - Mehrotra, A.
AU  - Clemensen, J.
AU  - Caffery, L. J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of telemedicine and telecare
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1357633x20916567
SP  - 1357633x20916567
EP  - 
AN  - 32196391
DO  - 10.1177/1357633x20916567
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus disruptions reverberate through research
AU  - Servick, K.
AU  - Cho, A.
AU  - Couzin-Frankel, J.
AU  - Guglielmi, G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Science (New York, N.Y.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 367
IS  - 6484
PG  - 1289-1290
SP  - 1289
EP  - 1290
AN  - 32193299
DO  - 10.1126/science.367.6484.1289
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cellphone tracking could help stem the spread of coronavirus. Is privacy the price?
AU  - Servick, Kelly
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - “IT IS POSSIBLE TO STOP THE EPIDEMIC.” That’s the message splashed atop a website built by a University of Oxford team this week to share new research on the spread of the novel coronavirus. Below that hopeful statement comes a big caveat: To stop the virus’ spread, health officials need to find and isolate the contacts of infected people—lots of them—and fast. Such contact tracing is a mainstay of infectious disease control. But the Oxford team is one of several now advocating for a new approach: tapping into cellphone location data to track the spread of infection and warn people who may have been exposed.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb8296
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/03/cellphone-tracking-could-help-stem-spread-coronavirus-privacy-price
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The standard coronavirus test, if available, works well—but can new diagnostics help in this pandemic?
AU  - Service, Robert F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As the United States races to ramp up testing for the pandemic coronavirus using technology based on the tried-and-true polymerase chain reaction (PCR), alternative approaches are beginning to roll out that could make it easier and quicker for people to learn whether they have been infected. Some methods modify the standard PCR test, which amplifies tiny bits of genetic material to enable detection, while others sequence the virus directly or use the genome editor CRISPR.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb8400
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/03/standard-coronavirus-test-if-available-works-well-can-new-diagnostics-help-pandemic
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Is Pakistan prepared to tackle the coronavirus epidemic?
AU  - Saqlain, Muhammad
AU  - Munir, Muhammad Muddasir
AU  - Ahmed, Ali
AU  - Tahir, Azhar Hussain
AU  - Kamran, Sohail
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The World Health Organization (WHO) has classified the coronavirus epidemic as a global public health emergency of international concern [1]. On 11 February 2020, the virus was named by the WHO as ‘severe acute respiratory tract coronavirus-2’ (SARS-CoV-2; also referred to as 2019-nCOV), and the disease it causes as ‘COVID-19’ [1]. On 26 February 2020, for the first time, the number of new cases outside China was higher than the number of new cases inside China (427 vs. 411 new cases) [2]. By 11 March 2020, the virus had spread to 113 countries and territories, with the number of registered cases reaching 118,162 and the number of deaths reaching 4290 (mortality rate 3.63%) [3]. The WHO states that the COVID-19 outbreak is now categorized as a pandemic, with the number of cases increasing by 13-fold in 2 weeks [4], and has issued alerts to countries at risk of getting COVID-19 [5]. Also on 26 February 2020, the Pakistan Federal Health Minister confirmed the first two cases of COVID-19 in Karachi and Islamabad [2, 6]. Within 15 days (12 March), the total number of positive COVID-19 tests reached 20, with 14 cases in Sindh Province, 5 in Gilgit Baltistan and 1 in a 12-year-old child in Baluchistan) [7]. All cases had a history of a recent visit to Iran, Syria or London. To 12 March 2020, a total of 471 suspected samples had been tested, 20 (4.25%) of which were found to be positive [7]. Pakistan borders countries infected with COVID-19, including China, an epicenter of the disease that currently has the highest number of deaths attributed to COVID-19 (n = 3162), to the north, and Iran, a country with the third highest number of COVID-19-associated mortalities (n = 291), to the west; Italy has the second highest number of deaths [3]. This geographical location, as well as a continual increase in the number of confirmed cases, demands a high level of preparedness and requires actions to be taken promptly before the situation becomes worse [8]. The WHO states that countries should take steps to prevent and limit further spread of the virus, including active surveillance, early detection, quarantine, clinical management, and tracing of close contacts [5].
JO  - Drugs & Therapy Perspectives
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s40267-020-00721-1
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s40267-020-00721-1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Latest updates on COVID-2019: A changing paradigm shift
AU  - Sahu, K. K.
AU  - Lal, A.
AU  - Mishra, A. K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32196703
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25760
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Aminoquinolines Against Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Chloroquine or Hydroxychloroquine
AU  - Sahraei, Z.
AU  - Shabani, M.
AU  - Shokouhi, S.
AU  - Saffaei, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International journal of antimicrobial agents
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 105945
SP  - 105945
EP  - 
AN  - 32194034
DO  - 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105945
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preventing COVID-19 prejudice in academia
AU  - Rzymski, P.
AU  - Nowicki, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Science (New York, N.Y.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 367
IS  - 6484
PG  - 1313
SP  - 1313
EP  - 
AN  - 32193300
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb4870
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Renin-angiotensin system: the unexpected flaw inside the human immune system revealed by SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Roncati, Luca
AU  - Gallo, Graziana
AU  - Manenti, Antonio
AU  - Palmieri, Beniamino
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background In humans the renin-angiotensin system is the hormone system which regulates blood pressure and vascular resistances, as well as electrolytic balance; within this important system, the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), present on the surface of vascular endothelial cells, in particular those of the lungs, is deputed to the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II (AII), a potent vasoconstrictive peptide [1]. For this, both ACE and AII have been widely exploited as pharmacological targets in the treatment of hypertension, heart failure or diabetic nephropathy by means of ACE inhibitors and AII receptor antagonists, respectively [1]. In addition, homologous ACE2 receptors have been identified on the oral mucosa, in type-II pneumocytes, along the intestine and on the kidney and heart endothelia [1], [2]; these receptors have been found overexpressed in course of ACE inhibitors and AII receptor antagonists administration in murine models [3], [4]. Hypothesis Surprisingly, the surface spike proteins of the ‘severe-acute-respiratory-syndrome-coronavirus-2’ (SARS-CoV-2), the etiological agent of the ongoing ‘coronavirus disease 2019’ (COVID-19), are able to bind the ACE2 receptors [2]. Therefore, a hypothesis arises: could a chronic therapeutic assumption of ACE inhibitors or AII receptor antagonists have induced several elderly and middle-aged patients to be more vulnerable to the virus by upregulating ACE2 receptors? If we translate the murine model to the human cells, the expected result would be that shown in the figure (Fig. 1). In our opinion, during the COVID-19 pandemic, it would be more prudent to replace these drugs, when possible, with calcium channel blockers, adrenergic receptor blockers, diuretics or vasodilators. Download : Download high-res image (49KB)Download : Download full-size image Fig. 1. After a chronic assumption of ACE inhibitors and AII receptor antagonists a normal cell (on the left) could be hypothetically rearranged into one with higher expression of ACE2 receptors (on the right), so turning particularly receptive and vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2.
JO  - Medical Hypotheses
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 109686-109686
SP  - 109686
EP  - 109686
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109686
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306987720304370
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: GPs can stop health checks for over 75s and routine medicine reviews
AU  - Rimmer, Abi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - GPs can stop or postpone some routine work to free them up to deal with covid-19, NHS England and NHS Improvement has said. In a letter sent to GPs and commissioners Nikita Kanani, medical director for primary care, and Ed Waller, director of primary care strategy, set out a list of activities that GPs could stop doing or postpone.1 It included health checks for people over 75, which it said GPs could stop doing “if in their judgment that is not the right priority.” The letter also said that routine medical reviews could be deferred until October if necessary, “unless they can be viably conducted remotely and/or in exceptional cases in person or by home visit as per local clinical discretion.” Key medicine reviews where a patient is being regularly monitored should continue, it advised. The letter added that practices’ Quality Outcomes Framework (QOF) income in 2020-21 would be protected “as necessary to respond to covid-19” and that one-off adjustments would be made for practices that earned less from QOF payments in 2019-20 than in 2018-19 as a result of covid-19 activities. However, practices would be asked to consider stopping any private work they were doing to help free up capacity, the letter said.
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [When COVID-19 encounters interstitial lung disease: challenges and management]
AU  - Ren, Y. H.
AU  - Wang, S. Y.
AU  - Liu, M.
AU  - Guo, Y. M.
AU  - Dai, H. P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, a new type of coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) emerged in Wuhan, Hubei, and spread rapidly to China and over 100 countries around the world. The lung injury and repair caused by COVID-19 has many similarities with the onset and progression of interstitial lung disease (ILD) . Therefore, it is difficult to distinguish between COVID-19 and some types of new-onset ILD or other causes leading to acute exacerbation of ILD. Clinicians need to comprehensively analyze the epidemic history, disease onset characteristics, clinical manifestations, image characteristics, serological andpathogenic microorganism test results to confirm diagnosis. Because of this, the article will discuss the issues related to the differential diagnosis and management of COVID-19 and ILD, and try to provide reasonable suggestions.
JO  - Zhonghua jie he he hu xi za zhi = Zhonghua jiehe he huxi zazhi = Chinese journal of tuberculosis and respiratory diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 0
PG  - E039
SP  - E039
EP  - 
AN  - 32198915
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20200315-00339
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Therapeutic and Prevention
AU  - Raoult, D.
AU  - Hsueh, P. R.
AU  - Stefani, S.
AU  - Rolain, J. M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105937
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005209801 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105937
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Challenging Covid-19∗
AU  - Rao, N. N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Indian Drugs
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 57
IS  - 2
PG  - 5-6
SP  - 5
EP  - 6
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005216522
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 and Coronavirus Disease 2019: What We Know So Far
AU  - Rabi, Firas A.
AU  - Al Zoubi, Mazhar S.
AU  - Kasasbeh, Ghena A.
AU  - Salameh, Dunia M.
AU  - Al-Nasser, Amjad D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>In December 2019, a cluster of fatal pneumonia cases presented in Wuhan, China. They were caused by a previously unknown coronavirus. All patients had been associated with the Wuhan Wholefood market, where seafood and live animals are sold. The virus spread rapidly and public health authorities in China initiated a containment effort. However, by that time, travelers had carried the virus to many countries, sparking memories of the previous coronavirus epidemics, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), and causing widespread media attention and panic. Based on clinical criteria and available serological and molecular information, the new disease was called coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19), and the novel coronavirus was called SARS Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), emphasizing its close relationship to the 2002 SARS virus (SARS-CoV). The scientific community raced to uncover the origin of the virus, understand the pathogenesis of the disease, develop treatment options, define the risk factors, and work on vaccine development. Here we present a summary of current knowledge regarding the novel coronavirus and the disease it causes.</p>
JO  - Pathogens
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 3
PG  - 231-231
SP  - 231
EP  - 231
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/pathogens9030231
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/9/3/231
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - O Anestesiologista e a COVID-19
AU  - Quintão, Vinícius Caldeira
AU  - Simões, Cláudia Marquez
AU  - Lima, Laís Helena Navarro e
AU  - de Barros, Guilherme Antônio Moreira
AU  - Salgado-Filho, Marcello Fonseca
AU  - Guimarães, Gabriel Magalhães Nunes
AU  - Alves, Rodrigo Leal
AU  - Caetano, Ana Maria Menezes
AU  - Prato Schmidt, André
AU  - Carmona, Maria José Carvalho
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - No mês de dezembro de 2019, a China reportou alguns clusters de pneumonia na cidade de Wuhan que estavam epidemiologicamente relacionados com transmissão animal. Ainda no dia Guilherme Antônio Moreira de Barros Page 2 of 13Journal Pre-proof 1 31 de dezembro de 2019, o Centro de Controle e Prevenção de Doenças da China descreveu um novo coronavírus e anunciaram um primeiro estágio de um surto1. Além dos coronavírus SARS-CoV e MERS-CoV, o mundo estaria lidando com um novo vírus, que foi chamado de SARS-CoV-2, o qual pode levar a uma síndrome respiratória aguda grave que foi denominada pela Organização Mundial de Saúde como COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019)2. O cenário atual não foi previsto no início, mas a China apresentou números crescentes em escala exponencial, o que levou ao isolamento da província onde está a cidade de Wuhan. Apesar de a situação parecer isolada na China, com poucos casos fora da região original, no dia 31 de janeiro de 2020 dois casos foram diagnosticados em Roma, na Itália3. O surto na Lombardia, norte da Itália, iniciou com um italiano de 38 anos que procurou um hospital com sintomas gripais. Depois disso, dois idosos morreram após serem atendidos no mesmo hospital4. No final de fevereiro já havia mais de 400 casos confirmados na Lombardia5. No dia oito de março de 2020, a Itália já registrava mais de 5.800 casos com 233 mortos6. A quarentena decretada para o norte da Itália logo foi expandida para todo o país, com a previsão de os cidadãos ficarem retidos até o início de abril de 20207. Mesmo com as medidas de contenção na China e na Itália, ocorreu expansão mundial do contágio e, em meados de março de 2020, o site especializado da Johns Hopkins University divulgou a confirmação de mais de 200 mil casos em mais de 160 países e territórios, com mais de nove mil mortes e 82 mil recuperados8. No dia 11 de março de 2020, a Organização Mundial da Saúde declarou pandemia da COVID-199. A Itália é o país mais acometido, com número superior a 30 mil casos e mais de 3000 mortes. A OMS declarou que a Europa é o novo epicentro da Pandemia8. O vírus chegou oficialmente ao Brasil em 25 de fevereiro de 2020, com o diagnóstico de um homem de 61 anos, vindo da Lombardia, que testou positivo para o SARS-CoV-2 na cidade de São Paulo10. No dia 19 de março de 2020, o Brasil já tinha confirmados mais de 600 casos e ao menos seis mortes8. Apesar de todos estarem sujeitos a contrair a doença, já há evidências suficientes apontando os pacientes idosos, principalmente aqueles com doenças crônicas – como cardiopatias e pneumopatias –, como o grupo mais vulnerável às formas graves da doença, computando a grande maioria dos óbitos11. O período de incubação do SARS-CoV-2 parece ser de quatro a sete dias12. Há quadros clínicos variados relacionados à COVID-19, desde infecção assintomática até insuficiência respiratória grave. Os principais sintomas relatados são febre, mialgia, fadiga, tosse seca e dispneia13. Sintomas incomuns, mas que também foram relatados, incluem escarro purulento, cefaleia, hemoptise e diarreia. As apresentações clínicas podem ser classificadas em leves, moderadas ou graves, de acordo com a presença e gravidade dos sintomas, conforme a Tabela 1. [Truncated]
JO  - Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjan.2020.03.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0034709420301835
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covert coronavirus infections could be seeding new outbreaks
AU  - Qiu, Jane
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Scientists are rushing to estimate the proportion of people with mild or no symptoms who could be spreading the pathogen.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00822-x
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00822-x
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Safety protection of forensic examination during the epidemic of COVID-19
AU  - Qiu, H.
AU  - Wang, H. J.
AU  - Chen, Q. L.
AU  - Yue, X.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Fa yi xue za zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 36
IS  - 1
PG  - 24-28
SP  - 24
EP  - 28
AN  - 32198988
DO  - 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2020.01.006
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Amid coronavirus shutdowns, some grad students feel pressure to report to their labs
AU  - Price, Michael
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As the coronavirus outbreak roils university campuses across the world, early-career scientists are facing several dilemmas. Many are worrying about the survival of cell cultures, laboratory animals, and other projects critical to their career success. And some are reporting feeling unwelcome pressure to report to their laboratories—even if they don’t think it’s a good idea, given that any gathering can increase the risk of spreading the virus. It’s unclear exactly how common these concerns are, but social media posts reveal numerous graduate students expressing stress and frustration at requests to come to work. “Just emailed advisor to say I am not comfortable breaking self isolation to come to lab this week. They emailed … saying I have to come in. What do I do?” tweeted an anonymous Ph.D. student on 16 March who doesn’t have essential lab work scheduled. “My health & safety should NOT be subject to the whims of 1 person. It should NOT be this scary/hard to stand up for myself.”
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.caredit.abb8257
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/careers/2020/03/amid-coronavirus-shutdowns-some-grad-students-feel-pressured-report-their-labs
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Responding to the COVID-19 pandemic in complex humanitarian crises
AU  - Poole, Danielle N.
AU  - Escudero, Daniel J.
AU  - Gostin, Lawrence O.
AU  - Leblang, David
AU  - Talbot, Elizabeth A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Over 168 million people across 50 countries are estimated to need humanitarian assistance in 2020 [1]. Response to epidemics in complex humanitarian crises—such as the recent cholera epidemic in Yemen and the Ebola epidemic in the Democratic Republic of Congo—is a global health challenge of increasing scale [2]. The thousands of Yemeni and Congolese who have died in these years-long epidemics demonstrate the difficulty of combatting even well-known pathogens in humanitarian settings. The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) may represent a still greater threat to those in complex humanitarian crises, which lack the infrastructure, support, and health systems to mount a comprehensive response. Poor governance, public distrust, and political violence may further undermine interventions in these settings. Populations affected by humanitarian crises are expected to be particularly susceptible to COVID-19, the disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, due to displacement, crowded housing, malnutrition, inadequate water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) tools, and stigmatization. Disease outbreaks further reduce access to limited healthcare, which is increasingly disrupted by attacks on health facilities and the persistent overburdening of health systems. These situations escalate both the necessity and the difficulty of delivering accurate and actionable information to potentially affected populations [3]. As the international community responds to SARS-CoV-2, public health authorities in humanitarian crises begin at a disadvantage to enact appropriate infection control to prevent transmission in healthcare settings, identify infectious cases, administer supportive care and novel treatments for the seriously ill, and trace contacts. These standard public health measures are particularly difficult to perform in humanitarian settings. For example, limited public health, laboratory, and primary care services represent a barrier to testing. Providing the limited healthcare worker cadre with appropriate training and personal protective equipment, and ensuring a continuous supply chain for such, is a challenge in all settings, exacerbated in complex humanitarian crises. Frequent displacement and limited contact information may prevent effective contact tracing. Finally, intractable structural challenges such as overcrowding limit the implementation of both quarantine of those exposed and isolation of those who are ill. Given these increased vulnerabilities, humanitarian crises should be viewed as a priority for national and international bodies that seek to combat this unfolding pandemic. Resources must be identified to protect healthcare workers, develop and deploy rapid testing, improve surveillance, and enact quarantine and isolation of contacts and cases. To mitigate the impact of COVID-19 on crises-affected populations, governments and agencies will implement the familiar, global evidence-based approaches for combatting respiratory viruses. Respiratory hygiene is a highly effective public health intervention, supported by evidence demonstrating that the spread of respiratory viruses, such as SARS-CoV-2, can be prevented by hand hygiene, safe cough practice, and social distancing [4]. Hand hygiene is a readily implemented behavior: the distribution of soap to households in humanitarian settings has been shown to increase handwashing by over 30% [5]. Furthermore, hand hygiene is an avenue of agency for protecting one’s own health, consistent with the rights to dignity and to fully participate in decisions related to assistance in humanitarian crises. Widespread introduction of alcohol-based hand rubs is also possible in many resource-limited settings, with published protocols for local production [6]. The Sphere Handbook, a collection of rights-based guidelines for humanitarian response, is the foremost authority on minimum standards for humanitarian assistance [7]. However, despite the indisputable evidence for the efficacy of hand hygiene for reducing both bacterial and viral pathogen transmission, humanitarian WASH standards are based on evidence pertaining to the prevention of illnesses transmitted by the faecal-oral route, with the focus on hand hygiene proximate to latrines [5, 8]. And yet, latrines in crisis settings are often shared and distant from residential shelters, conferring a high risk of gender-based violence [9]. Gender-based violence around latrines is an important deterrent for accessing latrine-adjacent handwashing stations, particularly for hand hygiene to prevent respiratory pathogen transmission.[truncated]
JO  - International Journal for Equity in Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 19
IS  - 1
PG  - 41-41
SP  - 41
EP  - 41
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s12939-020-01162-y
UR  - https://equityhealthj.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12939-020-01162-y
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Investigating a Serious Challenge in the Sustainable Development Process: Analysis of Confirmed cases of COVID-19 (New Type of Coronavirus) Through a Binary Classification Using Artificial Intelligence and Regression Analysis
AU  - Pirouz, Behrouz
AU  - Shaffiee Haghshenas, Sina
AU  - Shaffiee Haghshenas, Sami
AU  - Piro, Patrizia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>Nowadays, sustainable development is considered a key concept and solution in creating a promising and prosperous future for human societies. Nevertheless, there are some predicted and unpredicted problems that epidemic diseases are real and complex problems. Hence, in this research work, a serious challenge in the sustainable development process was investigated using the classification of confirmed cases of COVID-19 (new version of Coronavirus) as one of the epidemic diseases. Hence, binary classification modeling was used by the group method of data handling (GMDH) type of neural network as one of the artificial intelligence methods. For this purpose, the Hubei province in China was selected as a case study to construct the proposed model, and some important factors, namely maximum, minimum, and average daily temperature, the density of a city, relative humidity, and wind speed, were considered as the input dataset, and the number of confirmed cases was selected as the output dataset for 30 days. The proposed binary classification model provides higher performance capacity in predicting the confirmed cases. In addition, regression analysis has been done and the trend of confirmed cases compared with the fluctuations of daily weather parameters (wind, humidity, and average temperature). The results demonstrated that the relative humidity and maximum daily temperature had the highest impact on the confirmed cases. The relative humidity in the main case study, with an average of 77.9%, affected positively, and maximum daily temperature, with an average of 15.4 °C, affected negatively, the confirmed cases.</p>
JO  - Sustainability
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 12
IS  - 6
PG  - 2427-2427
SP  - 2427
EP  - 2427
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/su12062427
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/6/2427
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Hospitals as health factories and the coronavirus epidemic
AU  - Piccoli, Giorgina Barbara
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Nephrology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s40620-020-00719-y
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s40620-020-00719-y
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - The call for a rapid response
AU  - Peters, R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BioPharm Int.
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 33
IS  - (Peters R.)
PG  - 6
SP  - 6
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2003826832
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - First Pediatric Case of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Korea
AU  - Park, J. Y.
AU  - Han, M. S.
AU  - Park, K. U.
AU  - Kim, J. Y.
AU  - Choi, E. H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The large outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) that started in Wuhan, China has now spread to many countries worldwide. Current epidemiologic knowledge suggests that relatively few cases are seen among children, which limits opportunities to address pediatric specific issues on infection control and the children's contribution to viral spread in the community. Here, we report the first pediatric case of COVID-19 in Korea. The 10-year-old girl was a close contact of her uncle and her mother who were confirmed to have COVID-19. In this report, we present mild clinical course of her pneumonia that did not require antiviral treatment and serial viral test results from multiple specimens. Lastly, we raise concerns on the optimal strategy of self-quarantine and patient care in a negative isolation room for children.
JO  - Journal of Korean medical science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 35
IS  - 11
PG  - e124
SP  - e124
EP  - 
AN  - 32193904
DO  - 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e124
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Protection of forensic scene investigation and postmortem examination during the epidemic period of COVID-19
AU  - Pang, H. B.
AU  - Xu, L. M.
AU  - Niu, Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Fa yi xue za zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 36
IS  - 1
PG  - 29-34
SP  - 29
EP  - 34
AN  - 32198713
DO  - 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2020.01.007
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prepare to adapt: Blood supply and transfusion support during the first 2 weeks of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic affecting Washington State
AU  - Pagano, M. B.
AU  - Hess, J. R.
AU  - Tsang, H. C.
AU  - Staley, E.
AU  - Gernsheimer, T.
AU  - Sen, N.
AU  - Clark, C.
AU  - Nester, T.
AU  - Bailey, C.
AU  - Alcorn, K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: The first coronavirus (COVID-19) case was reported in United States (US), in the state of Washington, approximately three months after the outbreak in Wuhan, China. Three weeks later, the US federal government declared the pandemic a national emergency. The number of confirmed COVID-19 positive cases increased rather rapidly and changed routine daily activities of the community. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: This brief report describes the response from the hospital, the regional blood center, and the hospital-based transfusion services to the events that took place in the community during the initial phases of the pandemic. RESULTS: In Washington State, the first week of March started with 4 confirmed cases and ended with 150; by the end of the second week of March there were more than 700 cases of confirmed COVID-19. During the first week, blood donations dropped significantly. Blood units provided from blood centers of non-affected areas of the country helped keep inventory stable and allow for routine hospital operations. The hospital-based transfusion service began prospective triaging of blood orders to monitor and prioritize blood utilization. In the second week, blood donations recovered, and the hospital postponed elective procedures to ensure staff and personal protective equipment were appropriate for the care of critical patients. CONCLUSION: As community activities are disrupted and hospital activities switch from routine operations to pandemic-focused and urgent care-oriented, the blood supply and utilization requires a number of transformations.
JO  - Transfusion
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32196983
DO  - 10.1111/trf.15789
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Bronchoscopy in the Age of COVID-19
AU  - Ost, David E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Bronchology & Interventional Pulmonology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Publish Ahead of Print
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 01436970-900000000-99784
DO  - 10.1097/lbr.0000000000000682
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/bronchology/Fulltext/publishahead/Bronchoscopy_in_the_Age_of_COVID_19.99784.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in gastroenterology: a clinical perspective
AU  - Ong, J.
AU  - Young, B. E.
AU  - Ong, S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Gut
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32198152
DO  - 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-321051
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Early Introduction of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 into Europe
AU  - Olsen, S. J.
AU  - Chen, M. Y.
AU  - Liu, Y. L.
AU  - Witschi, M.
AU  - Ardoin, A.
AU  - Calba, C.
AU  - Mathieu, P.
AU  - Masserey, V.
AU  - Maraglino, F.
AU  - Marro, S.
AU  - Penttinen, P.
AU  - Robesyn, E.
AU  - Pukkila, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Early infections with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in Europe were detected in travelers from Wuhan, China, in January 2020. In 1 tour group, 5 of 30 members were ill; 3 cases were laboratory confirmed. In addition, a healthcare worker was infected. This event documents early importation and subsequent spread of the virus in Europe.
JO  - Emerging infectious diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 26
IS  - 7
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32197059
DO  - 10.3201/eid2607.200359
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19 fatality is likely overestimated
AU  - Niforatos, J. D.
AU  - Melnick, E. R.
AU  - Faust, J. S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1113
SP  - m1113
EP  - 
AN  - 32198267
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1113
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Seasonality of Respiratory Viral Infections
AU  - Moriyama, M.
AU  - Hugentobler, W. J.
AU  - Iwasaki, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The seasonal cycle of respiratory viral diseases has been widely recognized for thousands of years, as annual epidemics of the common cold and influenza disease hit the human population like clockwork in the winter season in temperate regions. Moreover, epidemics caused by viruses such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and the newly emerging SARS-CoV-2 occur during the winter months. The mechanisms underlying the seasonal nature of respiratory viral infections have been examined and debated for many years. The two major contributing factors are the changes in environmental parameters and human behavior. Studies have revealed the effect of temperature and humidity on respiratory virus stability and transmission rates. More recent research highlights the importance of the environmental factors, especially temperature and humidity, in modulating host intrinsic, innate, and adaptive immune responses to viral infections in the respiratory tract. Here we review evidence of how outdoor and indoor climates are linked to the seasonality of viral respiratory infections. We further discuss determinants of host response in the seasonality of respiratory viruses by highlighting recent studies in the field. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Virology, Volume 7 is September 29, 2020. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
JO  - Annual review of virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32196426
DO  - 10.1146/annurev-virology-012420-022445
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Practical recommendations for the perioperative management of the patient with suspection or serious infection by coronavirus SARS-CoV
AU  - Montero Feijoo, A.
AU  - Maseda, E.
AU  - Adalia Bartolomé, R.
AU  - Aguilar, G.
AU  - González de Castro, R.
AU  - Gómez-Herreras, J. I.
AU  - García Palenciano, C.
AU  - Pereira, J.
AU  - Ramasco Rueda, F.
AU  - Samso, E.
AU  - Suárez de la Rica, A.
AU  - Tamayo Medel, G.
AU  - Varela Durán, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, the Wuhan Municipal Health and health Commission (Hubei Province, China) reported a series of cases of pneumonia of unknown etiology. On January 7, 2020, the Chinese authorities identified as a causative agent of the outbreak a new type of virus of the Coronaviridiae family, called SARS-CoV-2. Since then, thounsands of cases have been reported with global dissemination. Infections in humans cause a broad clinical spectrum ranging from mild upper respiratory tract infection, to severe acute respiratory distress syndrome and sepsis. There is not specific treatment for SARS-CoV-2, which is why the fundamental aspects are to establish adequate prevention measures and support treatment and management of complications.
JO  - Revista espanola de anestesiologia y reanimacion
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32197787
DO  - 10.1016/j.redar.2020.03.003
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Intubation and Ventilation amid the COVID-19 Outbreak: Wuhan's Experience
AU  - Meng, L.
AU  - Qiu, H.
AU  - Wan, L.
AU  - Ai, Y.
AU  - Xue, Z.
AU  - Guo, Q.
AU  - Deshpande, R.
AU  - Zhang, L.
AU  - Meng, J.
AU  - Tong, C.
AU  - Liu, H.
AU  - Xiong, L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 outbreak has led to 80,409 diagnosed cases and 3,012 deaths in mainland China based on the data released on March 4, 2020. Approximately 3.2% of patients with COVID-19 required intubation and invasive ventilation at some point in the disease course. Providing best practices regarding intubation and ventilation for an overwhelming number of patients with COVID-19 amid an enhanced risk of cross-infection is a daunting undertaking. The authors presented the experience of caring for the critically ill patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan. It is extremely important to follow strict self-protection precautions. Timely, but not premature, intubation is crucial to counter a progressively enlarging oxygen debt despite high-flow oxygen therapy and bilevel positive airway pressure ventilation. Thorough preparation, satisfactory preoxygenation, modified rapid sequence induction, and rapid intubation using a video laryngoscope are widely used intubation strategies in Wuhan. Lung-protective ventilation, prone position ventilation, and adequate sedation and analgesia are essential components of ventilation management.
JO  - Anesthesiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32195705
DO  - 10.1097/aln.0000000000003296
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Navigating Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) in Physiatry: A CAN report for Inpatient Rehabilitation Facilities
AU  - McNeary, L.
AU  - Maltser, S.
AU  - Verduzco-Gutierrez, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We are facing a global pandemic in relation to coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19). Emergency preparedness plans often do not consider issues specific to inpatient rehabilitation facilities. The CAN model can be used to prepare for natural disasters, including the COVID-19 pandemic. This report was created to aid specialists in acute Inpatient Rehabilitation Facilities. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32196983
DO  - 10.1002/pmrj.12369
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Scientists exposed to coronavirus wonder: why weren’t we notified?
AU  - Maxmen, Amy
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - US authorities are failing to test people and notify their contacts, a cornerstone of outbreak response.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00823-w
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00823-w
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Public enemy number one
AU  - Marshall, Michael
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The new coronavirus is no small threat, but we are starting to understand how it works, reports Michael Marshall
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 245
IS  - 3274
PG  - 10-11
SP  - 10
EP  - 11
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30571-6
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920305716
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - ERA-EDTA sharing Milan experience on coronavirus management in dialysis centres | Clinical Kidney Journal | Oxford Academic
AU  - Mario Cozzolino on behalf of the, E. R. A. Edta Council
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Graphical Abstract
JO  - Clinical Kidney Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/ckj/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ckj/sfaa050/5810636?searchresult=1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Guide to the Forensic Pathology Practice on Death Cases Related to Corona Virus Disease 2019 （COVID-19） （Trial Draft）
AU  - Mao, D. M.
AU  - Zhou, N.
AU  - Zheng, D.
AU  - Le, J. C.
AU  - Zhao, Q. H.
AU  - Luo, B.
AU  - Guan, D. W.
AU  - Zhou, Y. W.
AU  - Hu, B. J.
AU  - Cheng, J. D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Autopsy is of great significance to the elucidation of the pathological changes, pathogenesis and cause of death of corona virus disease 2019 （COVID-19） and can provide theoretical basis for more scientific and accurate prevention and control of the outbreak. Based on related laws and regulations, such as Law of the People's Republic of China on Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases, the clinical manifestations and epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19, and the related guidelines on the prevention and control of the outbreak, combined with the practical work of forensic pathology examination, the Guide to the Forensic Pathology Practice on Death Cases Related to Corona Virus Disease 2019 （COVID-19） （Trial Draft） has been developed. This guide includes information on the background investigation of the cases, autopsy room requirements, personal prevention and protections, external examinations, autopsy, auxiliary examinations, and so on. This guide can be used as a reference by forensic and pathological examination institutions, as well as examination staff.
JO  - Fa yi xue za zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 36
IS  - 1
PG  - 6-5
SP  - 6
EP  - 5
AN  - 32199142
DO  - 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2020.01.003
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: medical students to be employed by NHS as part of epidemic response
AU  - Mahase, Elisabeth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Medical students could soon be employed in various roles in the NHS, depending on their skill set, to help with the response to covid-19, as part of schemes being developed by NHS trusts and medical schools. The students would work in roles suited to their experience, from administration to physician assistants. Final year students who have passed their final exams and would like to help could even have their GMC registration brought forward, so that they could start as foundation year trainees earlier than usual. However, this option is still under consideration. The development of these roles comes after UK medical schools were urged to fast track final year students into the workforce in the wake of severe disruptions to teaching programmes caused by the covid-19 outbreak.1 Speaking to The BMJ , Kiran Patel, medical director of University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, said that he was “almost brought to tears” by the number of medical students who had contacted him asking how they could help. He is now working with the University of …
JO  - BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1156-m1156
SP  - m1156
EP  - m1156
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1156
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32198184
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: schools set to close across UK except for children of health and social care workers
AU  - Mahase, E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1140
SP  - m1140
EP  - 
AN  - 32193174
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1140
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel Coronavirus: What Neuroradiologists as Citizens of the World Need to Know
AU  - Mahajan, A.
AU  - Hirsch, J. A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32198164
DO  - 10.3174/ajnr.A6526
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Precautions for Intubating Patients with COVID-19
AU  - Luo, M.
AU  - Cao, S.
AU  - Wei, L.
AU  - Tang, R.
AU  - Hong, S.
AU  - Liu, R.
AU  - Wang, Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Anesthesiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32195703
DO  - 10.1097/aln.0000000000003288
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Computed Tomography Manifestations of 5 Cases of the Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pneumonia From Patients Outside Wuhan
AU  - Lu, T.
AU  - Pu, H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Clinical, laboratory, and computed tomography (CT) findings of 5 cases of the novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia from patients outside of Wuhan were reviewed. The human-to-human transmission of the virus may explain the infection of the disease outside of Wuhan. CT examination is important in the early detection and follow-up of the disease. With a history of exposure or travelling, symptoms of fever and cough, and the typical CT manifestation such as ground-glass opacity with a peripheral distribution, we should also think of the possibility of the COVID-19 pneumonia in patients outside of Wuhan.
JO  - Journal of thoracic imaging
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32195887
DO  - 10.1097/rti.0000000000000508
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Three children who recovered from novel coronavirus 2019 pneumonia
AU  - Lou, Xin Xia
AU  - Shi, Cai Xiao
AU  - Zhou, Chong Chen
AU  - Tian, Yu Sheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, a cluster of acute respiratory illness, now known as novel COVID‐19, occurred in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.1-5 The disease rapidly spread from Wuhan to other areas. Previous studies suggest that COVID‐19 is more likely to infect older adult men, particularly those with chronic comorbidities.6-8 In the isolation ward of the children's hospital affiliated to Zhengzhou University, three children were hospitalised with pneumonia caused by 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID‐19). Two were sisters, aged 6 and 8 years old and one was a 6‐month‐old boy. All three patients had fever, and two had nasal congestion and rhinitis, associated with fatigue, diarrhoea and headache. The 6‐year‐old girl mainly had cough. None had dyspnoea or cyanosis. Their computerised tomographic scans are shown in Figures 1-3. None of the children required intensive care or mechanical ventilation or had any severe complications.
JO  - Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jpc.14871
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jpc.14871
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Laboratory Diagnosis of Emerging Human Coronavirus Infections - The State of the Art
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - The three unprecedented outbreaks of emerging human coronavirus (HCoV) infections at the beginning of 21st century have highlighted the necessity for readily available, accurate and fast diagnostic testing methods. The laboratory diagnostic methods for human coronavirus infections have evolved substantially, with the development of novel assays as well as the availability of updated tests for emerging ones. Newer laboratory methods are fast, highly sensitive and specific, and are gradually replacing the conventional gold standards. This presentation reviews the current laboratory methods available for testing coronaviruses by focusing on the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak going on in Wuhan. Viral pneumonias typically do not result in the production of purulent sputum. Thus, a nasopharyngeal swab is usually the collection method used to obtain a specimen for testing. Nasopharyngeal specimens may miss some infections; a deeper specimen may need to be obtained by bronchoscopy. Alternatively, repeated testing can be used because over time, the likelihood of the SARS-CoV-2 being present in the nasal-pharynx increases. Several integrated, random-access, point-of-care molecular devices are currently under development for fast and accurate diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infections. These assays are simple, fast and safe and can be used in the local hospitals and clinics bearing the burden of identifying and treating patients. KW  -: Human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 POCT real-time PCR serology
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 32196430-32196430
SP  - 32196430
EP  - 32196430
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Gross examination report of a COVID-19 death autopsy
AU  - Liu, Q.
AU  - Wang, R. S.
AU  - Qu, G. Q.
AU  - Wang, Y. Y.
AU  - Liu, P.
AU  - Zhu, Y. Z.
AU  - Fei, G.
AU  - Ren, L.
AU  - Zhou, Y. W.
AU  - Liu, L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Fa yi xue za zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 36
IS  - 1
PG  - 21-23
SP  - 21
EP  - 23
AN  - 32198987
DO  - 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2020.01.005
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How I faced my coronavirus anxiety
AU  - Liu, K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Science (New York, N.Y.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 367
IS  - 6484
PG  - 1398
SP  - 1398
EP  - 
AN  - 32193314
DO  - 10.1126/science.367.6484.1398
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Hydroxychloroquine, a less toxic derivative of chloroquine, is effective in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro
AU  - Liu, J.
AU  - Cao, R.
AU  - Xu, M.
AU  - Wang, X.
AU  - Zhang, H.
AU  - Hu, H.
AU  - Li, Y.
AU  - Hu, Z.
AU  - Zhong, W.
AU  - Wang, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Cell discovery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 6
IS  - 
PG  - 16
SP  - 16
EP  - 
AN  - 32194981
DO  - 10.1038/s41421-020-0156-0
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Association between Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Lung Cancer—A Nationwide, Population-Based, Propensity Score-Matched Cohort Study
AU  - Lin, Shih-Yi
AU  - Lin, Cheng-Li
AU  - Lin, Cheng-Chieh
AU  - Hsu, Wu-Huei
AU  - Lin, Chia-Der
AU  - Wang, I. Kuan
AU  - Hsu, Chung- Y.
AU  - Kao, Chia-Hung
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background: Direct evidence of lung cancer risk in Asian users of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) is lacking. Methods: The ACEI cohort comprised 22,384 patients aged &ge; 18 years with a first prescription of ACEI. The comparison angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) cohort consisted of age-, sex- and comorbidity-matched patients at a ratio of 1:1. The primary outcome was the incidence of lung cancer, which was evaluated using a proportional hazard model. Results: The overall incidence rates of lung cancer in the ACEI and ARB cohorts were 16.6 and 12.2 per 10,000 person-years, respectively. The ACEI cohort had a significantly higher risk of lung cancer than the ARB cohort (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]. = 1.36; 95% confidence interval [CI]. = 1.11&ndash;1.67). Duration&ndash;response and dose&ndash;response analyses revealed that compared with patients who did not receive ACEIs, patients who received ACEIs for more than 45 days per year (aHR = 1.87; 95% CI = 1.48&ndash;2.36) and patients who received more than 540 defined daily doses of ACEIs per year (aHR =1.80; 95% CI = 1.43&ndash;-2.27) had a significantly higher risk of lung cancer. The cumulative incidence of lung cancer was also significantly higher in the ACEI cohort than in the ARB cohort (log-rank test, p = 0.002). Conclusions: ACEI use is associated with an increased risk of lung cancer compared with ARB use. Patients using ARBs have a significantly lower risk of lung cancer than non-ARB users.
JO  - Cancers 2020, Vol. 12, Page 747
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 12
IS  - 3
PG  - 747-747
SP  - 747
EP  - 747
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/CANCERS12030747
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Hypothesis for potential pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection--a review of immune changes in patients with viral pneumonia
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) with droplets and contact as the main means of transmission. Since the first case appeared in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, the outbreak has gradually spread nationwide. Up to now, according to official data released by the Chinese health commission, the number of newly diagnosed patients has been declining, and the epidemic is gradually being controlled. Although most patients have mild symptoms and good prognosis after infection, some patients developed severe and die from multiple organ complications. The pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans remains unclear. Immune function is a strong defense against invasive pathogens and there is currently no specific antiviral drug against the virus. This article reviews the immunological changes of coronaviruses like SARS, MERS and other viral pneumonia similar to SARS-CoV-2. Combined with the published literature, the potential pathogenesis of COVID-19 is inferred, and the treatment recommendations for giving high-doses intravenous immunoglobulin and low-molecular-weight heparin anticoagulant therapy to severe type patients are proposed.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 32196410-32196410
SP  - 32196410
EP  - 32196410
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: A Singapore Orthopedic resident's musings in the Emergency Department
AU  - Liang, Z. C.
AU  - Ooi, S. B. S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - I felt my heart skip a beat as I took off my lead gown, preparing to put in my post-operative orders. A transient wave of apprehension, and I daresay fear swept past me that very moment. It has been a good 8 years since I've graduated medical school, with nary an exposure to emergency medicine since my intern days. I wasn't sure I could remember how to read an EKG accurately, much less manage a patient in respiratory failure.
JO  - Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32198801
DO  - 10.1111/acem.13970
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Strategies to Inform Allocation of Stockpiled Ventilators to Healthcare Facilities During a Pandemic
AU  - Koonin, L. M.
AU  - Pillai, S.
AU  - Kahn, E. B.
AU  - Moulia, D.
AU  - Patel, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - During a severe pandemic, especially one causing respiratory illness, many people may require mechanical ventilation. Depending on the extent of the outbreak, there may be insufficient capacity to provide ventilator support to all of those in need. As part of a larger conceptual framework for determining need for and allocation of ventilators during a public health emergency, this article focuses on the strategies to assist state and local planners to allocate stockpiled ventilators to healthcare facilities during a pandemic, accounting for critical factors in facilities' ability to make use of additional ventilators. These strategies include actions both in the pre-pandemic and intra-pandemic stages. As a part of pandemic preparedness, public health officials should identify and query healthcare facilities in their jurisdiction that currently care for critically ill patients on mechanical ventilation to determine existing inventory of these devices and facilities' ability to absorb additional ventilators. Facilities must have sufficient staff, space, equipment, and supplies to utilize allocated ventilators adequately. At the time of an event, jurisdictions will need to verify and update information on facilities' capacity prior to making allocation decisions. Allocation of scarce life-saving resources during a pandemic should consider ethical principles to inform state and local plans for allocation of ventilators. In addition to ethical principles, decisions should be informed by assessment of need, determination of facilities' ability to use additional ventilators, and facilities' capacity to ensure access to ventilators for vulnerable populations (eg, rural, inner city, and uninsured and underinsured individuals) or high-risk populations that may be more susceptible to illness.
JO  - Health security
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32196387
DO  - 10.1089/hs.2020.0028
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Online meetings for 12-Step and other support groups
AU  - Knopf, Alison
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The study showing that Alcoholics Anonymous as as effective, or more effective, than psychotherapy (see ?Research: AA is better pathway to abstinence than psychotherapy,? ADAW March 16, https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/adaw.32655) was published a few days before COVID-19 federal and state restrictions on group gatherings (?social distancing?) took effect, making AA and other meetings untenable. This seems like cruel timing. But John Kelly, Ph.D., one of the authors of the study, provided the below infographic to ADAW on other meetings. And Keith Humphreys, Ph.D., co-author, was quoted recently on ABC News saying that he is concerned about patients with extreme mental health issues such as addiction, for whom face-to-face contact is key.
JO  - Alcoholism & Drug Abuse Weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 32
IS  - 12
PG  - 7-7
SP  - 7
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/adaw.32667
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/adaw.32667
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Alcohol store closure in Pennsylvania: Withdrawals in future?
AU  - Knopf, Alison
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Last week, the Pennsylvania Liquor Control Board, which runs all liquor stores in the state (and employs all the workers), announced that the stores would be closed 24/7 to mitigate against the spread of COVID-19. The announcement came on March 16, with stores to close at 9:00 p.m. the next day (St. Patrick's Day, a notorious drinking day).
JO  - Alcoholism & Drug Abuse Weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 32
IS  - 12
PG  - 5-6
SP  - 5
EP  - 6
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/adaw.32665
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/adaw.32665
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - DEA, SAMHSA relax OTP/OBOT regulations due to COVID-19
AU  - Knopf, Alison
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Opioid treatment programs (OTPs) that dispense methadone got a fast and clear reprieve from federal authorities last week in the face of COVID-19. The Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) and the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) issued policies that give OTPs flexibility in take-homes, limiting the frequency of face-to-face contact and opportunities for transmission of COVID-19. There is also greater flexibility for office-based opioid treatment (OBOT) with buprenorphine.
JO  - Alcoholism & Drug Abuse Weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 32
IS  - 12
PG  - 3-5
SP  - 3
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/adaw.32664
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/adaw.32664
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mitigating Risk of COVID-19 in Dialysis Facilities
AU  - Kliger, A. S.
AU  - Silberzweig, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32198130
DO  - 10.2215/cjn.03340320
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel Coronavirus 2019 and Anesthesiology
AU  - Kharasch, E. D.
AU  - Jiang, Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Anesthesiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32195702
DO  - 10.1097/aln.0000000000003302
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Partha Kar: Covid-19-we must keep faith in our experts
AU  - Kar, P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1143
SP  - m1143
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1143
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Health security capacities in the context of COVID-19 outbreak: an analysis of International Health Regulations annual report data from 182 countries
AU  - Kandel, N.
AU  - Chungong, S.
AU  - Omaar, A.
AU  - Xing, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Public health measures to prevent, detect, and respond to events are essential to control public health risks, including infectious disease outbreaks, as highlighted in the International Health Regulations (IHR). In light of the outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), we aimed to review existing health security capacities against public health risks and events. METHODS: We used 18 indicators from the IHR State Party Annual Reporting (SPAR) tool and associated data from national SPAR reports to develop five indices: (1) prevent, (2) detect, (3) respond, (4) enabling function, and (5) operational readiness. We used SPAR 2018 data for all of the indicators and categorised countries into five levels across the indices, in which level 1 indicated the lowest level of national capacity and level 5 the highest. We also analysed data at the regional level (using the six geographical WHO regions). FINDINGS: Of 182 countries, 52 (28%) had prevent capacities at levels 1 or 2, and 60 (33%) had response capacities at levels 1 or 2. 81 (45%) countries had prevent capacities and 78 (43%) had response capacities at levels 4 or 5, indicating that these countries were operationally ready. 138 (76%) countries scored more highly in the detect index than in the other indices. 44 (24%) countries did not have an effective enabling function for public health risks and events, including infectious disease outbreaks (7 [4%] at level 1 and 37 [20%] at level 2). 102 (56%) countries had level 4 or level 5 enabling function capacities in place. 32 (18%) countries had low readiness (2 [1%] at level 1 and 30 [17%] at level 2), and 104 (57%) countries were operationally ready to prevent, detect, and control an outbreak of a novel infectious disease (66 [36%] at level 4 and 38 [21%] at level 5). INTERPRETATION: Countries vary widely in terms of their capacity to prevent, detect, and respond to outbreaks. Half of all countries analysed have strong operational readiness capacities in place, which suggests that an effective response to potential health emergencies could be enabled, including to COVID-19. Findings from local risk assessments are needed to fully understand national readiness capacities in relation to COVID-19. Capacity building and collaboration between countries are needed to strengthen global readiness for outbreak control. FUNDING: None.
JO  - Lancet (London, England)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32199075
DO  - 10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30553-5
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Rhabdomyolysis as Potential Late Complication Associated with COVID-19
AU  - Jin, M.
AU  - Tong, Q.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We describe a patient in Wuhan, China, with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection who had progressive pulmonary lesions and rhabdomyolysis with manifestations of lower limb pain and fatigue. Rapid clinical recognition of rhabdomyolysis symptoms in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection can be lifesaving.
JO  - Emerging infectious diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 26
IS  - 7
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32197060
DO  - 10.3201/eid2607.200445
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - PCOMM
TI  - COVID-19: a fast evolving pandemic | Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene | Oxford Academic
AU  - Jimmy, Whitworth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - On 31 December 2019, the World Health Organization (WHO) office in China received a report of 29 pneumonia cases of unknown aetiology in Wuhan city in Hubei province, central China. Within 1 week it became clear that the initial cases were associated with a seafood market where live poultry and wild animals were also sold. The virus was quickly identified as a novel beta-coronavirus and the genetic sequence was shared on 12 January 2020. The infection is now officially termed COVID-19 and the virus SARS-CoV-2. News of this outbreak gave many public health officials an involuntary shudder as they recalled the parallels with the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak that arose in China in November 2002. That outbreak was also caused by a novel coronavirus spilling over from an animal reservoir and transmitted by respiratory droplets. SARS spread to many parts of the world through international air travel, caused more than 8000 cases and 774 deaths and cost in the region US$20 billion to control. Within less than a month COVID-19 had spread throughout China and to neighbouring countries, even to the USA and Europe. It became clear that the new virus was highly transmissible from person to person but was considerably less virulent, with less than 20% of cases being classified as severe. It has the clinical features of an atypical pneumonia with fever, dry cough, fatigue, dyspnoea and myalgia and is more often severe in those with comorbidities and the elderly. Since there are no specific therapies or vaccines available, standard public health measures appropriate for a virus spread by droplets, close contact and on environmental surfaces were instituted. The Chinese authorities conducted active case finding and testing, contact tracing and quarantining of cases and contacts. The public was advised to stay at home if sick, in an effort to control the spread of the virus. On 30 January 2020 the WHO declared the outbreak a public health emergency of international concern, their highest level of severity, at a time when there were almost 10 000 confirmed cases, more than 200 deaths and it had spread to 20 countries. The Chinese authorities had by then instituted highly stringent control measures, including stopping flights and public transport in Wuhan and other major cities, closing animal wet markets, extending the New Year holiday period in an effort to prevent mass travel, reducing movements within cities, minimizing mass gatherings, keeping schools closed, staggering office and factory working hours and restricting movement on the streets. The wearing of face masks became compulsory and, in effect, the population of Hubei province, more than 50 million people, were in quarantine. The authorities also built two new hospitals with more than 2500 beds within 2 weeks to cope with the surge in demand for medical care. By the middle of March, less than 3 months into the epidemic, there had been more than 200 000 cases confirmed worldwide with more than 8000 deaths, vastly surpassing the SARS epidemic. The number of cases reported has been highest in China, although cases have now been reported in 159 countries and territories on six continents. Over 70 countries have instituted travel restrictions. The main initial battle to control this epidemic has been in China, where heroic public health measures have bought the rest of the world time and may have reduced the effective reproduction number to close to 1, thereby bringing the epidemic under control. However, the rest of the world needs to maintain high vigilance, as this virus is highly transmissible and can cause severe disease and death, as has been seen in countries such as South Korea, Iran and Italy. Indeed, the number of new cases is now highest in Europe. Containment through case finding and isolation and contact tracing and social distancing remain the key public health approaches to controlling the epidemic in all parts of the world. This is particularly important for countries in sub-Saharan Africa and also those parts of South and Central America and Asia that are not well-prepared for outbreaks. Global solidarity and support are essential, as infectious diseases can easily cross borders, and as John Nkengasong, from the Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC) has said, ‘The global health chain is only as strong as its weakest link, so a disease threat anywhere can quickly become a threat everywhere’. Preparedness to respond to outbreaks is weak in many countries. Of the 45 low-income countries that have undertaken a national preparedness assessment, none have been deemed ready to respond, making them particularly vulnerable to outbreaks. There are many reasons for this, including poor health and nutrition, exacerbated by high rates of concomitant human immunodeficiency virus and tuberculosis, and low influenza vaccination rates; poor quality of healthcare and resource constraints, as low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) spend on average only $267 annually per person on health; and vulnerable supply chains and weak medicine procurement, and up to 30% of medicines are substandard or falsified. In response to the outbreak, the African Union Commission is strengthening partnerships and coordination across the continent, including a common approach for monitoring and movement restriction of people at risk for COVID-19 and for information sharing. The WHO has found the regional readiness level to be only 66%, with critical gaps and a need to strengthen the capacities for countries to investigate alerts, treat patients in isolation facilities and improve infection, prevention and control (IPC) in health facilities and communities. More than 40 experts have deployed to 10 countries to support preparedness activities and the diagnostic capacity for COVID-19 has been strengthened, with 17 countries now having at least some capacity for laboratory testing.[Truncated]
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/trstmh/advance-article/doi/10.1093/trstmh/traa025/5810733?searchresult=1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Outcome of Oncology Patients Infected With Coronavirus
AU  - Jazieh, A. R.
AU  - Alenazi, T. H.
AU  - Alhejazi, A.
AU  - Al Safi, F.
AU  - Al Olayan, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - PURPOSE: This study investigated the features of oncology patients with confirmed Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) at the Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs-Riyadh during the outbreak of June 2015 to determine the clinical course and outcome of affected patients. METHODS: The patients' demographic information, cancer history, treatment pattern, information about MERS-coronavirus (CoV) infection, history of travel, clinical symptoms, test results, and outcome were collected and analyzed as part of a quality improvement project to improve the care and safety of our patients. Only patients with confirmed infection were included. RESULTS: A total of 19 patients were identified, with a median age of 66 years (range, 16-88 years), and 12 patients (63%) were males. The most common underlying disease was hematologic malignancies (47.4%), followed by colorectal cancer (21%) and lung cancer (15.8%). Hypertension and diabetes mellitus were the most common comorbidities (57.9% and 52.6%, respectively). Infection was diagnosed by nasopharyngeal swab in all patients. All patients contracted the infection during their hospitalization for other reasons. Sixteen patients (80%) were admitted to the intensive care unit; 13 patients (81%) had acute respiratory distress syndrome, 11 were intubated (68.75%), 9 had acute renal injury (56.25%), and 3 required dialysis (18.75%). Only 3 patients (15.8%) with early-stage cancers survived. Patients with hematologic malignancies and advanced solid tumors had a 100% case fatality rate. The majority of the causes of death were due to multi-organ failure and septic shock. CONCLUSION: MERS-CoV infection resulted in a high case fatality rate in patients with malignancy. Therefore, it is critical to implement effective primary preventive measures to avoid exposure of patients with cancer to the virus.
JO  - JCO global oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 6
IS  - 
PG  - 471-475
SP  - 471
EP  - 475
AN  - 32196389
DO  - 10.1200/go.20.00064
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Postdigital Research in the Time of Covid-19
AU  - Jandrić, Petar
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The First 80 Days of Covid-19 The first case of the coronavirus disease, Covid-19, was officially reported from Wuhan, China, on 31 December 2019 (World Health Organization 2020a). The coronavirus disease had initially been compared with an ordinary flu, and Dr. Li Wenliang, who raised the alarm in the early days of the outbreak, was investigated by the Chinese police and the Public Security Bureau for ‘spreading rumours’. Yet it soon became obvious that Covid-19 is far more dangerous than the flu, and Dr. Li Wenliang, aged 33, died of the infection on 7 February 2020 (Hegarty 2020). In spite of their harsh initial reactions to Dr. Li Wenliang’s alleged whistleblowing, Chinese authorities soon exhibited remarkable determination in containing the virus. By late January, they quarantined the city of Wuhan (11 million inhabitants) and several other areas affecting over 60 million of people. ‘Since February 18, China has reported the number of recovered cases is vastly outpacing the number of new confirmed cases each day.’ (Roper 2020). In the meantime, the coronavirus has crossed the borders of China, and Western countries have been much slower in their response. On 11 March, the World Health Organization ‘declared COVID-19 a pandemic, pointing to the over 118,000 cases of the coronavirus illness in over 110 countries and territories around the world and the sustained risk of further global spread’ (Ducharme 2020) and on 13 March, ‘[i] nternational health officials said Friday that Europe has become the epicenter of the coronavirus pandemic, as the continent is now producing more new cases each day than China did at the height of its crisis’ (Coote and Jacobson 2020). In popular media, the Covid-19 pandemic has started an infodemic of unprecedented scale; fake news and bullshit flourish alongside credible information from sources such as the World Health Organization. In the context of research, the Covid-19 pandemic has initiated historically unprecedented levels of collaboration and openness, prompting some authors to suggest that ‘[w] hen the story of the coronavirus (2019-nCOV) is finally written, it might well become a template for the utopian dream of open science — where research data is shared freely, unrestrained by competition, paywalls and patents’ (Crowe 2020). Worldwide closures of schools and universities have pushed millions of students and teachers online, bringing decades of experience in the field under the public eye (Bates 2020). Commentators compare Chinese and Western responses to the crisis, often under bombastic titles such as ‘Coronavirus and the Clash of Civilizations’ (Maçães 2020). Political scientists discuss whether the pandemic is an argument for total dismissal of capitalism or just a passing aberration in its functioning (Roberts 2020). Economists advise us to prepare the new recession (Elliott 2020). Sociologists see worldwide border closures as an anti-globalization experiment (Peters et al. 2020), and philosophers go back to questions pertaining to human nature. Worldwide governments are responding in radically different ways—the government of Montenegro has closed down the whole country before it registered the first patient within its borders (World Health Organization 2020b), while the UK has opted for a laissez faire approach which is hoped to result in herd immunity (Dunn and Kahn 2020). From official news to social networks, everyone and anyone has something to contribute to these debates, creating an infodemic which will be analysed long after Covid-19 is gone. As I write these words on 16 March 2020 from self-isolation in my flat in Zagreb, Croatia, the future of the pandemic is unclear. We have no idea what percentage of the global population will be affected by the virus, whether the virus will mutate, how many people the virus might kill, and what might happen with our politics and economy after the pandemic is gone. At this point, we need to develop immediate measures to protect ourselves individually and collectively—weed out reliable information, self-isolate, reduce panic, develop educated guesses and emergency plans. However, these urgent measures cannot arrive from thin air, and it is just as important to step back and take a birds-eye, longue durée view at the pandemic. While doctors, nurses, politicians, food suppliers, and many other brave people self-sacrifice to support our daily survival, this editorial argues that academics have a unique opportunity, and a moral duty, to immediately start conducting in-depth studies of current events.[truncated]
JO  - Postdigital Science and Education
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-6
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s42438-020-00113-8
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s42438-020-00113-8
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Will COVID-19 generate global preparedness?
AU  - Jacobsen, K. H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Lancet (London, England)
PB  - 
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VL  - 
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PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32199074
DO  - 10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30559-6
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Respiratory microbiome and epithelial interactions shape immunity in the lungs
AU  - Invernizzi, Rachele
AU  - Lloyd, Clare M.
AU  - Molyneaux, Philip L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract The airway epithelium represents a physical barrier to the external environment acting as the first line of defence against potentially harmful environmental stimuli including microbes and allergens. However, lung epithelial cells are increasingly recognised as active effectors of microbial defence, contributing to both innate and adaptive immune function in the lower respiratory tract. These cells express an ample repertoire of pattern-recognition receptors with specificity for conserved microbial and host motifs. Modern molecular techniques have uncovered the complexity of the lower respiratory tract microbiome. The interaction between the microbiota and the airway epithelium is key to understanding how stable immune homeostasis is maintained. Loss of epithelial integrity following exposure to infection can result in the onset of inflammation in susceptible individuals and may culminate in lung disease. Here we discuss the current knowledge regarding the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which the pulmonary epithelium interacts with the lung microbiome in shaping immunity in the lung. Specifically, we focus on the interactions between the lung microbiome and the cells of the conducting airways in modulating immune cell regulation and how defects in barrier structure and function may culminate in lung disease. Understanding these interactions is fundamental in the search for more effective therapies for respiratory diseases.
JO  - Immunology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/imm.13195
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/imm.13195
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19 and the Stiff Upper Lip - The Pandemic Response in the United Kingdom
AU  - Hunter, D. J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The New England journal of medicine
PB  - 
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VL  - 
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PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32197002
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMp2005755
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID19 –Nuclear Medicine Departments, be prepared!
AU  - Huang, Hian Liang
AU  - Allie, Rayjanah
AU  - Gnanasegaran, Gopinath
AU  - Bomanji, Jamshed
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nuclear Medicine Communications
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 4
PG  - 297-299
SP  - 297
EP  - 299
AN  - 00006231-202004000-00001
DO  - 10.1097/mnm.0000000000001183
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/nuclearmedicinecomm/Fulltext/2020/04000/COVID19__Nuclear_Medicine_Departments,_be.1.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Interpretation of &quot;expert consensus on elderly patients with hip fractures under epidemic of novel coronavirus pneumonia&quot
AU  - HU, Yan
AU  - CAO, Liehu
AU  - HUANG, Biaotong
AU  - HE, Jiye
AU  - GU, Zhengrong
AU  - CHEN, Xiao
AU  - LIU, Guohui
AU  - LIU, Ximing
AU  - CHEN, Yanxi
AU  - WANG, Dongliang
AU  - SU, Jiacan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - With aim to reasonably cope with the elderly patients with hip fracture during epidemic of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Professor Su Jiacan and Academician Zhang Yingze organized the &quot;expert consensus on elderly patients with hip fractures under epidemic of novel coronavirus pneumonia&quot; that for the first time formulated the management strategies for the elderly patients with hip fracture including selection of surgical methods and protective measures for medical staff from perspective of orthopedic surgeons. The authors interpret the clinical guiding value and key points of diagnosis and treatment of the consensus to help clinicians better understand the consensus and strengthen its practical application.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Trauma
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 36
IS  - 2
PG  - 133-136
SP  - 133
EP  - 136
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Autopsy in suspected COVID-19 cases
AU  - Hanley, B.
AU  - Lucas, S. B.
AU  - Youd, E.
AU  - Swift, B.
AU  - Osborn, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-coronavirus-2 (CoV-2) outbreak in Wuhan, China, has now spread to many countries across the world including the UK with over 3000 deaths as of early March 2020. This will inevitably lead to an increase in the number of suspected coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related deaths at autopsy. The Royal College of Pathologists has responded to this concern with the release of guidelines on autopsy practice relating to COVID-19. The following article is a summary and interpretation of these guidelines. It includes a description of hazard group 3 organisms to which SARS-CoV-2 has been assigned, a brief description of what is currently known about the pathological and autopsy findings in COVID-19, a summary of the recommendations for conducting autopsies in suspected COVID-19 cases and the techniques for making the diagnosis at autopsy. It concludes by considering the clinicopathological correlation and notification of such cases.
JO  - Journal of clinical pathology
PB  - 
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VL  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32198191
DO  - 10.1136/jclinpath-2020-206522
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Diabetic Patient With 2019-nCoV (COVID-19) Infection Who Recovered and Was Discharged From Hospital
AU  - Han, Xiaoyu
AU  - Fan, Yanqing
AU  - Wan, Yung-Liang
AU  - Shi, Heshui
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Novel coronavirus has become a global health hazard and its high infectivity is alarming. The imaging findings of the 2019-nCoV infection in our young diabetic patient featured ground-glass opacities and consolidations in both lungs. The lung lesions may involute rapidly during the course. The patient showed improvement both clinically and on computed tomography imaging at discharged after 2 weeks’treatment. Computed tomography scans of patients helped monitor the changes continuously, which could timely provide the information of the evolution of the disease or therapeutic effect to clinicians. This study was approved by both the ethics committees of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology and Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital. The patients enrolled in the present study provided written informed consent. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Correspondence to: Heshui Shi, MD, PhD, Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, China (e-mail: heshuishi@hust.edu.cn). Copyright © 2020 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved
JO  - Journal of Thoracic Imaging
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Publish Ahead of Print
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00005382-900000000-99445
DO  - 10.1097/rti.0000000000000506
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/thoracicimaging/Fulltext/publishahead/A_Diabetic_Patient_With_2019_nCoV__COVID_19_.99445.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus endoribonuclease targets viral polyuridine sequences to evade activating host sensors
AU  - Hackbart, M.
AU  - Deng, X.
AU  - Baker, S. C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronaviruses (CoVs) are positive-sense RNA viruses that can emerge from endemic reservoirs and infect zoonotically, causing significant morbidity and mortality. CoVs encode an endoribonuclease designated EndoU that facilitates evasion of host pattern recognition receptor MDA5, but the target of EndoU activity was not known. Here, we report that EndoU cleaves the 5'-polyuridines from negative-sense viral RNA, termed PUN RNA, which is the product of polyA-templated RNA synthesis. Using a virus containing an EndoU catalytic-inactive mutation, we detected a higher abundance of PUN RNA in the cytoplasm compared to wild-type-infected cells. Furthermore, we found that transfecting PUN RNA into cells stimulates a robust, MDA5-dependent interferon response, and that removal of the polyuridine extension on the RNA dampens the response. Overall, the results of this study reveal the PUN RNA to be a CoV MDA5-dependent pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP). We also establish a mechanism for EndoU activity to cleave and limit the accumulation of this PAMP. Since EndoU activity is highly conserved in all CoVs, inhibiting this activity may serve as an approach for therapeutic interventions against existing and emerging CoV infections.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1073/pnas.1921485117
UR  - 
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Transmission within a family cluster by presymptomatic infectors in China | Clinical Infectious Diseases | Oxford Academic
AU  - Guoqing Qian, Naibin Yang Ada Hoi Yan Ma Liping Wang Guoxiang Li Xueqin Chen Xiaomin Chen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We report a COVID-19 family cluster caused by a presymptomatic case. There were 9 family members, including 8 laboratory-confirmed with COVID-19, and a 6-year-old child had no evidence of infection. Amongst the 8 patients, one adult and one 13-month-old infant were asymptomatic, one adult was diagnosed as having severe pneumonia.
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa316/5810900?searchresult=1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Profiling Early Humoral Response to Diagnose Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)
AU  - Guo, L.
AU  - Ren, L.
AU  - Yang, S.
AU  - Xiao, M.
AU  - Chang, D.
AU  - Yang, F.
AU  - Dela Cruz, C. S.
AU  - Wang, Y.
AU  - Wu, C.
AU  - Xiao, Y.
AU  - Zhang, L.
AU  - Han, L.
AU  - Dang, S.
AU  - Xu, Y.
AU  - Yang, Q.
AU  - Xu, S.
AU  - Zhu, H.
AU  - Jin, Q.
AU  - Sharma, L.
AU  - Wang, L.
AU  - Wang, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a major healthcare threat. Current method of detection involves qPCR-based technique, which identifies the viral nucleic acids when present in sufficient quantity. False negative results can be achieved and failure to quarantine the infected patient would be a major setback in containing the viral transmission. We here aim to describe the time kinetics of various antibodies produced against the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) and evaluate the potential of antibody testing to diagnose COVID-19. METHODS: The host humoral response against SARS-CoV-2 including IgA, IgM and IgG response were examined by using an ELISA based assay on the recombinant viral nucleocapsid protein. Total 208 plasma samples were collected from 82 confirmed and 58 probable cases (qPCR negative but had typical manifestation). The diagnostic value of IgM was evaluated in this cohort. RESULTS: The median duration of IgM and IgA antibody detection were 5 days (IQR 3-6), while IgG was detected on 14 days (IQR 10-18) after symptom onset, with a positive rate of 85.4%, 92.7% and 77.9% respectively. In confirmed and probable cases, the positive rates of IgM antibodies were 75.6% and 93.1%, respectively. The detection efficiency by IgM ELISA is higher than that of qPCR method after 5.5 days of symptom onset. The positive detection rate is significantly increased (98.6%) when combined IgM ELISA assay with PCR for each patient compare with a single qPCR test (51.9%). CONCLUSIONS: Humoral response to SARS-CoV-2 can aid to the diagnosis of COVID-19, including subclinical cases.
JO  - Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
PB  - 
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EP  - 
AN  - 32198005
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa310
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Case report of COVID-19 in a kidney transplant recipient: Does immunosuppression alter the clinical presentation?
AU  - Guillen, E.
AU  - Pineiro, G. J.
AU  - Revuelta, I.
AU  - Rodriguez, D.
AU  - Bodro, M.
AU  - Moreno, A.
AU  - Campistol, J. M.
AU  - Diekmann, F.
AU  - Ventura-Aguiar, P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 is novel infectious disease with an evolving understanding of its epidemiology and clinical manifestations. Immunocompromised patients often present atypical presentations of viral diseases. Herein we report a case of a COVID-19 infection in a solid organ transplant recipient, in which the first clinical symptoms were of gastrointestinal viral disease and fever, which further progressed to respiratory symptoms in 48h. In these high risk populations, protocols for screening for SARS-Cov2 may be needed to be re-evaluated.
JO  - American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons
PB  - 
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VL  - 
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PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32198834
DO  - 10.1111/ajt.15874
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - More awareness is needed for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2019 transmission through exhaled air during non-invasive respiratory support: experience from China
AU  - Guan, L.
AU  - Zhou, L.
AU  - Zhang, J.
AU  - Peng, W.
AU  - Chen, R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The European respiratory journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 55
IS  - 3
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32198190
DO  - 10.1183/13993003.00352-2020
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - CT appearance of severe, laboratory-proven coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a Caucasian patient in Berlin, Germany
AU  - Gross, A.
AU  - Thiemig, D.
AU  - Koch, F. W.
AU  - Schwarz, M.
AU  - Gläser, S.
AU  - Albrecht, T.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - RoFo : Fortschritte auf dem Gebiete der Rontgenstrahlen und der Nuklearmedizin
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32193831
DO  - 10.1055/a-1138-8783
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Infection: Implications for Perioperative and Critical Care Physicians
AU  - Greenland, J. R.
AU  - Michelow, M. D.
AU  - Wang, L.
AU  - London, M. J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Healthcare systems worldwide are responding to Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), an emerging infectious syndrome caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus. Patients with COVID-19 can progress from asymptomatic or mild illness to hypoxemic respiratory failure or multisystem organ failure, necessitating intubation and intensive care management. Healthcare providers, and particularly anesthesiologists, are at the frontline of this epidemic, and they need to be aware of the best available evidence to guide therapeutic management of patients with COVID-19 and to keep themselves safe while doing so. Here, the authors review COVID-19 pathogenesis, presentation, diagnosis, and potential therapeutics, with a focus on management of COVID-19-associated respiratory failure. The authors draw on literature from other viral epidemics, treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome, and recent publications on COVID-19, as well as guidelines from major health organizations. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the evidence currently available to guide management of critically ill patients with COVID-19.
JO  - Anesthesiology
PB  - 
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VL  - 
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PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32195698
DO  - 10.1097/aln.0000000000003303
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Knowledge and Perceptions of COVID-19 Among the General Public in the United States and the United Kingdom: A Cross-sectional Online Survey
AU  - Geldsetzer, P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of internal medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32196071
DO  - 10.7326/m20-0912
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - PCOMM
TI  - SARS-CoV2: should inhibitors of the renin–angiotensin system be withdrawn in patients with COVID-19? | European Heart Journal | Oxford Academic
AU  - Gabriela M Kuster, Otmar Pfister Thilo Burkard Qian Zhou Raphael Twerenbold Philip Haaf Andreas F. Widmer Stefan Osswald
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In a rapid response published online by the British Medical Journal, Sommerstein and Gräni1 pushed forward the hypothesis that angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors (ACE-Is) could act as a potential risk factor for fatal Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by up-regulating ACE2. This notion was quickly picked up by the lay press and sparked concerns among physicians and patients regarding the intake of inhibitors of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) infected individuals.1 In this article, we try to shed light on what is known and unknown regarding the RAAS and SARS-CoV2 interaction. We find translational evidence for diverse roles of the RAAS, which allows to formulate also the opposite hypothesis, i.e. that inhibition of the RAAS might be protective in COVID-19.[Truncated]
JO  - 
PB  - 
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PG  - 
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AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/advance-article/doi/10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa235/5810479?searchresult=1
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Investigating a disease outbreak
AU  - Fricker Jr, Ronald D.
AU  - Rigdon, Steven E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Teams of epidemiological and medical ?detectives? are working to get a coronavirus pandemic under control. Ronald D. Fricker, Jr and Steven E. Rigdon walk us through a typical investigation
JO  - Significance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 17
IS  - 2
PG  - 14-14
SP  - 14
EP  - 14
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/1740-9713.01372
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/1740-9713.01372
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 cacophony: is there any orchestra conductor?
AU  - Flahault, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Lancet (London, England)
PB  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32199076
DO  - 10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30675-9
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Misguided drug advice for COVID-19
AU  - FitzGerald, G. A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Science (New York, N.Y.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32198292
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb8034
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Hiding in Plain Sight: an Approach to Treating Patients with Severe COVID-19 Infection
AU  - Fedson, D. S.
AU  - Opal, S. M.
AU  - Rordam, O. M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Patients with COVID-19 infection are at risk of acute respiratory disease syndrome (ARDS) and death. The tissue receptor for COVID-19 is ACE2, and higher levels of ACE2 can protect against ARDS. Angiotensin receptor blockers and statins upregulate ACE2. Clinical trials are needed to determine whether this drug combination might be used to treat patients with severe COVID-19 infection.
JO  - mBio
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 11
IS  - 2
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32198275
DO  - 10.1128/mBio.00398-20
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Comparisons of nucleic acid conversion time of SARS-CoV-2 of different samples in ICU and non-ICU patients
AU  - Fang, Zhixiong
AU  - Zhang, Yi
AU  - Hang, Changfa
AU  - Zhang, Wenhong
AU  - Ai, Jingwen
AU  - Li, Shaojie
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.013
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.013
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: 15 000 deregistered doctors are told, "Your NHS needs you"
AU  - Dyer, C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1152
SP  - m1152
EP  - 
AN  - 32198985
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1152
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Eleven Faces of Coronavirus Disease 2019
AU  - Dong, X.
AU  - Cao, Y. Y.
AU  - Lu, X. X.
AU  - Zhang, J. J.
AU  - Du, H.
AU  - Yan, Y. Q.
AU  - Akdis, C. A.
AU  - Gao, Y. D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has recently spread worldwide and been declared a pandemic. We aim to describe here the various clinical presentations of this disease by examining eleven cases. METHODS: Electronic medical records of 11 patients with COVID-19 were collected and demographics, clinical manifestations, outcomes, key laboratory results, and radiological images are discussed. RESULTS: The clinical course of the eleven cases demonstrated the complexity of the COVID-19 profile with different clinical presentations. Clinical manifestations range from asymptomatic cases to patients with mild and severe symptoms, with or without pneumonia. Laboratory detection of the viral nucleic acid can yield false-negative results, and serological testing of virus specific IgG and IgM antibodies should be used as an alternative for diagnosis. Patients with common allergic diseases did not develop distinct symptoms and severe courses. Cases with a pre-existing condition of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or complicated with a secondary bacterial pneumonia were more severe. CONCLUSION: All different clinical characteristics of COVID-19 should be taken into consideration to identify patients that need to be in strict quarantine for the efficient containment of the pandemic.
JO  - Allergy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32196678
DO  - 10.1111/all.14289
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The clinical characteristics of pneumonia patients co-infected with 2019 novel coronavirus and influenza virus in Wuhan, China
AU  - Ding, Q.
AU  - Lu, P.
AU  - Fan, Y.
AU  - Xia, Y.
AU  - Liu, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infection emerged in Wuhan, China on December 2019. Since then the novel coronavirus pneumonia disease has been spreading quickly and many countries and territories have been affected, with major outbreaks in China, South Korea, Italy and Iran. Influenza virus has been known as a common pathogen in winter and it can cause pneumonia. It was found clinically that very few patients were diagnosed with both COVID-19 and influenza virus. 5 out of the 115 patients confirmed with COVID-19 were also diagnosed with influenza virus infection, with three cases being influenza A and two cases being influenza B. In this study, we describe the clinical characteristics of those patients who got infected with COVID-19 as well as influenza virus. Common symptoms at onset of illness included fever (5 [100%] patients), Cough (5 [100%] patients), shortness of breath (5 [100%] patients), nasal tampon (3 [60%] patients), pharyngalgia (3 [60%] patients), myalgia (2 [40%] patients), fatigue (2 [40%] patients), headache (2 [40%] patients), and expectoration (2 [40%] patients). The laboratory results showed that compared to the normal values, the patients' lymphocytes were reduced (4 [80%] patients), and liver function ALT and AST (2 [40%] patients, 2 [40%] patients) and C-reactive protein (4 [80%] patients) were increased when admitted to hospital. They stayed in hospital for 14, 30, 17, 12, and 19 days (28.4±7.02), respectively. The main complications for the patients were acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) (1 [20%] patients), acute liver injury (3 [60%] patients), and diarrhea (2 [40%] patients). All patients were given antiviral therapy (including oseltamivir), oxygen inhalation, and antibiotics. Three patients were treated with glucocorticoids including two treated with oral glucocorticoids. One of the five patients had transient hemostatic medication for hemoptysis. Fortunately, all patients did not need ICU care and were discharged from hospital without death. In conclusion, those patients with both COVID-19 and influenza virus infection did not appear to show a more severe condition because based on the laboratory findings, imaging studies, and patient prognosis, they showed similar clinical characteristics as those patients with COVID-19 infection only. However, it is worth noting that the symptoms of nasal tampon and pharyngalgia may be more prone to appear for those co-infection patients. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32196707
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25781
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Supporting Clinicians During the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Dewey, C.
AU  - Hingle, S.
AU  - Goelz, E.
AU  - Linzer, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of internal medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32196544
DO  - 10.7326/m20-1033
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Stopping the Spread of COVID-19
AU  - Desai, A. N.
AU  - Patel, P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Jama
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32196079
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.4269
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The potential added value of FDG PET/CT for COVID-19 pneumonia
AU  - Deng, Y.
AU  - Lei, L.
AU  - Chen, Y.
AU  - Zhang, W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32198615
DO  - 10.1007/s00259-020-04767-1
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronaviruses and immunosuppressed patients. The facts during the third epidemic
AU  - D'Antiga, L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Following the outbreak in China, the Lombardy region of Italy has become one of the areas of highest incidence of severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). As the outbreak grew to a pandemic, many centres worldwide raised the concern that immunocompromised patients may be at high risk of developing a severe respiratory disease called COVID-19. Unlike common viral agents (such as Adenovirus, Rhinovirus, Norovirus, Influenza, Respiratory Syncytial Virus), Coronaviruses have not shown to cause a more severe disease in immunosuppressed patients. For this family of viruses the host innate immune response appears the main driver of lung tissue damage during infection.
JO  - Liver transplantation : official publication of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and the International Liver Transplantation Society
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32196933
DO  - 10.1002/lt.25756
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: a recommendation to examine the effect of hydroxychloroquine in preventing infection and progression | Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy | Oxford Academic
AU  - Dan Zhou, Sheng-Ming Dai Qiang Tong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by infection with SARS-CoV-2, has swept across 31 provinces in China and over 40 countries worldwide. The transition from first symptoms to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is highly likely to be due to uncontrolled cytokine release. There is an urgent need to identify safe and effective drugs for treatment. Chloroquine (CQ) exhibits a promising inhibitory effect. However, the clinical use of CQ can cause severe side effects. We propose that hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), which exhibits an antiviral effect highly similar to that of CQ, could serve as a better therapeutic approach. HCQ is likely to attenuate the severe progression of COVID-19, inhibiting the cytokine storm by suppressing T cell activation. It has a safer clinical profile and is suitable for those who are pregnant. It is cheaper and more readily available in China. We herein strongly urge that clinical trials are performed to assess the preventive effects of HCQ in both disease infection and progression.
JO  - Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/jac/advance-article/doi/10.1093/jac/dkaa114/5810487#201224981
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Public health measures to slow community spread of COVID-19
AU  - Cowling, B. J.
AU  - Aiello, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of infectious diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32193352
DO  - 10.1093/infdis/jiaa123
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Oral Surgery Response to Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19). Keep Calm and Carry On?
AU  - Coulthard, Paul
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract The iconic ?Keep Calm and Carry On? poster, first designed by the British government in 1939, was based on the words of Sir Arthur Newsholme, Principal Medical Officer responsible for the whole of Britain. Sir Newsholme recommended that no action be taken against the 1918 flu pandemic as munitions factories and public services needed to remain open to help with the war effort.
JO  - Oral Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/ors.12489
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/ors.12489
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Dalbavancin Treatment in Severe Necrotizing Fasciitis in 3 Critically Ill Patients: A Grand Round
AU  - Corona, Alberto
AU  - Agarossi, Andrea
AU  - Veronese, Alice
AU  - Cattaneo, Dario
AU  - D'Avolio, Antonio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background: Dalbavancin, albeit indicated for the treatment of skin structure infections, is used for a much wider range of infections. This drug is characterized by a long half-life (more than 200 hours), a favorable safety profile, and an activity against a wide array of gram-positive organisms, including several strains of Staphylococci and Enterococci. Methods: In this study, we presented 3 cases of critically ill patients treated with dalbavancin. All patients were therapeutically monitored for plasma dalbavancin concentrations; ultrafiltrate dalbavancin concentrations were assessed in a patient undergoing continuous renal-replacement therapy. Dalbavancin concentrations were measured using a validated liquid chromatographic method coupled with mass spectrometry. Results: All 3 severely ill patients experiencing necrotizing fasciitis were successfully treated during the acute phase with dalbavancin. Dalbavancin clearance in patient 3 (0.334 L/h) was considerably increased compared with values measured in the other 2 patients (0.054 and 0.075 L/h) and with data reported in the literature (0.04–0.06 L/h). Conclusions: Our case reports presented preliminary evidence that dalbavancin can be considered a therapeutic option for necrotizing fasciitis in intensive care unit patients. The role of hypoalbuminemia during dalbavancin exposure merits further investigation.
JO  - Therapeutic Drug Monitoring
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 42
IS  - 2
PG  - 165-168
SP  - 165
EP  - 168
AN  - 00007691-202004000-00002
DO  - 10.1097/ftd.0000000000000729
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/drug-monitoring/Fulltext/2020/04000/Therapeutic_Drug_Monitoring_of_Dalbavancin.2.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: experts question the evidence behind closing London Underground and city metros during the pandemic
AU  - Coombes, R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1154
SP  - m1154
EP  - 
AN  - 32197002
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1154
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Academician Cong Bin: Autopsy of SARS-CoV-2 infection is needed to be strengthened
AU  - Cong, B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Fa yi xue za zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 36
IS  - 1
PG  - 4-5
SP  - 4
EP  - 5
AN  - 32198984
DO  - 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2020.01.002
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 (Coronavirus)
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This strain of coronavirus is a new one and scientists do not yet know all there is to know about it. While these common sense points will always be helpful, it is important that you keep up to date with the advice being given by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and NHS England and how it might affect you personally. These suggestions have been produced using the most up-to-date advice available to us from our Scientific and Medical Advisors and are not intended to replace or supersede advice you may have been given from your health care professional.
JO  - Lymphatic research and biology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32196406
DO  - 10.1089/lrb.2020.29084.cov
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Countries test tactics in 'war' against COVID-19
AU  - Cohen, J.
AU  - Kupferschmidt, K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Science (New York, N.Y.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 367
IS  - 6484
PG  - 1287-1288
SP  - 1287
EP  - 1288
AN  - 32193197
DO  - 10.1126/science.367.6484.1287
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Are We Ready for Coronavirus Disease 2019 Arriving at Schools?
AU  - Choe, Y. J.
AU  - Choi, E. H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Korean medical science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 35
IS  - 11
PG  - e127
SP  - e127
EP  - 
AN  - 32193905
DO  - 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e127
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Perioperative Management of Patients Infected with the Novel Coronavirus: Recommendation from the Joint Task Force of the Chinese Society of Anesthesiology and the Chinese Association of Anesthesiologists
AU  - Chen, X.
AU  - Liu, Y.
AU  - Gong, Y.
AU  - Guo, X.
AU  - Zuo, M.
AU  - Li, J.
AU  - Shi, W.
AU  - Li, H.
AU  - Xu, X.
AU  - Mi, W.
AU  - Huang, Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of the new Coronavirus disease, COVID-19, has been involved in 77,262 cases in China as well as in 27 other countries as of February 24, 2020. Because the virus is novel to human beings, and there is no vaccine yet available, every individual is susceptible and can become infected. Healthcare workers are at high risk, and unfortunately, more than 3,000 healthcare workers in China have been infected. Anesthesiologists are among healthcare workers who are at an even higher risk of becoming infected because of their close contact with infected patients and high potential of exposure to respiratory droplets or aerosol from their patients' airways. In order to provide healthcare workers with updated recommendations on the management of patients in the perioperative setting as well as for emergency airway management outside of the operating room, the two largest anesthesia societies, the Chinese Society of Anesthesiology (CSA) and the Chinese Association of Anesthesiologists (CAA) have formed a task force to produce the recommendations. The task force hopes to help healthcare workers, particularly anesthesiologists, optimize the care of their patients and protect patients, healthcare workers, and the public from becoming infected. The recommendations were created mainly based on the practice and experience of anesthesiologists who provide care to patients in China. Therefore, adoption of these recommendations outside of China must be done with caution, and the local environment, culture, uniqueness of the healthcare system, and patients' needs should be considered. The task force will continuously update the recommendations and incorporate new information in future versions.
JO  - Anesthesiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32195699
DO  - 10.1097/aln.0000000000003301
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Expert consensus for managing pregnant women and neonates born to mothers with suspected or confirmed novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infection
AU  - Chen, D.
AU  - Yang, H.
AU  - Cao, Y.
AU  - Cheng, W.
AU  - Duan, T.
AU  - Fan, C.
AU  - Fan, S.
AU  - Feng, L.
AU  - Gao, Y.
AU  - He, F.
AU  - He, J.
AU  - Hu, Y.
AU  - Jiang, Y.
AU  - Li, Y.
AU  - Li, J.
AU  - Li, X.
AU  - Lin, K.
AU  - Liu, C.
AU  - Liu, J.
AU  - Liu, X.
AU  - Pan, X.
AU  - Pang, Q.
AU  - Pu, M.
AU  - Qi, H.
AU  - Shi, C.
AU  - Sun, Y.
AU  - Sun, J.
AU  - Wang, X.
AU  - Wang, Y.
AU  - Wang, Z.
AU  - Wang, C.
AU  - Wu, S.
AU  - Xin, H.
AU  - Yan, J.
AU  - Zhao, Y.
AU  - Zheng, J.
AU  - Zhou, Y.
AU  - Zou, L.
AU  - Zeng, Y.
AU  - Zhang, Y.
AU  - Guan, X.
AU  - Eppes, C. S.
AU  - Fox, K.
AU  - Belfort, M. A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE: To provide clinical management guidelines for novel coronavirus (COVID-19) in pregnancy. METHODS: On February 5, 2020, a multidisciplinary teleconference comprising Chinese physicians and researchers was held and medical management strategies of COVID-19 infection in pregnancy were discussed. RESULTS: Ten key recommendations were provided for the management of COVID-19 infections in pregnancy. CONCLUSION: Currently, there is no clear evidence regarding optimal delivery timing, the safety of vaginal delivery, or whether cesarean delivery prevents vertical transmission at the time of delivery; therefore, route of delivery and delivery timing should be individualized based on obstetrical indications and maternal-fetal status.
JO  - International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32196655
DO  - 10.1002/ijgo.13146
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Practical Aspects of Otolaryngologic Clinical Services During the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Epidemic: An Experience in Hong Kong
AU  - Chan, J. Y. K.
AU  - Wong, E. W. Y.
AU  - Lam, W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA otolaryngology-- head & neck surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32196070
DO  - 10.1001/jamaoto.2020.0488
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Differences and similarities between Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)-CoronaVirus (CoV) and SARS-CoV-2. Would a rose by another name smell as sweet?
AU  - Ceccarelli, M.
AU  - Berretta, M.
AU  - Venanzi Rullo, E.
AU  - Nunnari, G.
AU  - Cacopardo, B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European review for medical and pharmacological sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 24
IS  - 5
PG  - 2781-2783
SP  - 2781
EP  - 2783
AN  - 32196628
DO  - 10.26355/eurrev_202003_20551
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - PCOMM
TI  - Recommendations for the prevention, mitigation and containment of the emerging SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic in haemodialysis centres | Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation | Oxford Academic
AU  - Carlo Basile, Christian Combe Francesco Pizzarelli Adrian Covic Andrew Davenport Mehmet Kanbay Dimitrios Kirmizis Daniel Schneditz Frank van der Sande Sandip Mitra on behalf of the Eudial Working Group of E. R. A. Edta
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19, a disease caused by a novel coronavirus, is a major global human threat that has turned into a pandemic. This novel coronavirus has specifically high morbidity in the elderly and in comorbid populations. Uraemic patients on dialysis combine an intrinsic fragility and a very frequent burden of comorbidities with a specific setting in which many patients are repeatedly treated in the same area (haemodialysis centres). Moreover, if infected, the intensity of dialysis requiring specialized resources and staff is further complicated by requirements for isolation, control and prevention, putting healthcare systems under exceptional additional strain. Therefore, all measures to slow if not to eradicate the pandemic and to control unmanageably high incidence rates must be taken very seriously. The aim of the present review of the European Dialysis (EUDIAL) Working Group of ERA-EDTA is to provide recommendations for the prevention, mitigation and containment in haemodialysis centres of the emerging COVID-19 pandemic. The management of patients on dialysis affected by COVID-19 must be carried out according to strict protocols to minimize the risk for other patients and personnel taking care of these patients. Measures of prevention, protection, screening, isolation and distribution have been shown to be efficient in similar settings. They are essential in the management of the pandemic and should be taken in the early stages of the disease.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/ndt/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ndt/gfaa069/5810637?searchresult=1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Amid conference cancellations, leaders advance with support
AU  - Canady, Valerie A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic and in the interest of keeping staff, employees and consumers with mental health and substance use disorders safe, many organizations have had to cancel scheduled conferences and annual meetings. Officials and leaders, meanwhile, are moving forward with helping their members and the public stay safe during this outbreak.
JO  - Mental Health Weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 30
IS  - 12
PG  - 5-6
SP  - 5
EP  - 6
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/mhw.32285
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/mhw.32285
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 outbreak represents a new way of mental health service delivery
AU  - Canady, Valerie A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Increased mental health disorders, prolonged isolation, hospital bed adequacy, lost revenue and staff safety are among the myriad of concerns the field is dealing with in the wake of the COVID-19 epidemic. And for some staff, protective gear is in order.
JO  - Mental Health Weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 30
IS  - 12
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/mhw.32282
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/mhw.32282
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus infection and pregnancy (Covid-19)
AU  - Calda, P.
AU  - Břešťák, M.
AU  - Fischerová, D.
AU  - Zikán, M.
AU  - Smetanová, D.
AU  - Machala, L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Guidelines. The Czech Society for Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology of the Czech Medical Association of J. E. Purkyně issues this opinion in connection with statements of the World Health Organization (WHO) and other international authorities regarding the concerns about COVID-19 infection in pregnancy. The impact of this year‘s coronavirus COVID-19 infection on pregnant women seems to be less severe than in previous years of H1N1 influenza type A, SARS-CoV or MERS-CoV. From the information published so far it was not possible to prove the transmission of infection from mother to fetus. It also seems that there is no risk of vertical transmission during breastfeeding. This opinion does not replace the recommendations and opinions issued by governmental bodies such as the Ministry of Health and others, and concerns solely consultation of pregnant women.
JO  - Aktualni Gynekologie a Porodnictvi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 12
IS  - 
PG  - 17-19
SP  - 17
EP  - 19
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2003722038
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound findings in novel coronavirus disease-19 pnemoniae: a case report and potential applications during COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Buonsenso, D.
AU  - Piano, A.
AU  - Raffaelli, F.
AU  - Bonadia, N.
AU  - de Gaetano Donati, K.
AU  - Franceschi, F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - An outbreak of a novel coronavirus disease-19 (nCoV-19) infection began in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, and now involved the whole word. Several health workers have been infected in different countries. We report the case of a young man with documented nCoV-19 infection evaluated with lung ultrasound and discuss potential applications of lung ultrasound in this setting. Lung ultrasound allowed the identification of nCoV-19 infection at bed-side. Moreover, lung ultrasound can have several other advantages, such as reduced health worker exposition to infected patients, repeatability during follow-up, low-costs and easier application in low-resource settings.
JO  - European review for medical and pharmacological sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 24
IS  - 5
PG  - 2776-2780
SP  - 2776
EP  - 2780
AN  - 32196627
DO  - 10.26355/eurrev_202003_20549
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Questions raised by COVID-19 case descriptions
AU  - Britton, Philip N.
AU  - Marais, Ben J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The recent emergence and rapid spread of COVID‐19 in Wuhan, China pose an ongoing global challenge. An intriguing observation has been the near absence of children in initial disease reports, mild disease overall in child cases, no reported deaths in children aged <10 years of age and suggestions that minimally symptomatic children may facilitate disease transmission within communities.1-6 Li et al. report three child cases of confirmed COVID‐19 infection7; the report is notable for at least two reasons. Firstly, the report describes a mild disease course amongst young children with no symptoms of respiratory distress, no clinical indication for hospitalisation, minimal changes on chest computed tomography and complete recovery in the short term. This raises multiple questions such as: (i) whether the low frequency of confirmed COVID‐19 infections in children reflects case detection bias due to attenuated disease severity in children; (ii) whether undiagnosed child infections contribute to community transmission; (iii) the biological basis for the attenuated disease severity, if this is indeed the case; and (iv) the role of existing co‐morbidity in children, given indications that – as well as older age – co‐morbidity is a major determinant of disease severity in adults.2, 8 Secondly, the report describes the use of nebulised interferon‐α in two cases, with to our knowledge no data on efficacy and limited information on safety, while nebulisation poses a transmission risk in healthcare environments, as observed with the nearly identical SARS coronavirus.9 While the use of novel/experimental therapies may be justified in a desperate situation, every indication is that this is not required in young children with minimal symptoms. The imperative to ‘do anything possible’ will be felt by all paediatricians caring for children with COVID‐19; however, the ‘first do no harm’ principle should certainly apply in all situations where the natural history of disease is poorly described or indicative of likely spontaneous recovery without any treatment. Clinicians should always balance potential risks and benefits to the individual patient with assiduous attention to infection control to protect other vulnerable patients within the health‐care environment and the public at large. The report by Li et al.7 is valuable given the scant information available on children with COVID‐19, but detailed case descriptions with better documentation of the full disease course would have been more informative. Paediatricians around the world should endeavour to collect comprehensive clinical data and biological specimens including longitudinal sampling from cases wherever they occur in order to further our understanding of the clinical features, pathogenesis of disease and host response in children infected with COVID‐19.
JO  - Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jpc.14872
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jpc.14872
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preventing Infection of Patients and Healthcare Workers Should Be the New Normal in the Era of Novel Coronavirus Epidemics
AU  - Bowdle, A.
AU  - Munoz-Price, L. S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Anesthesiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32195701
DO  - 10.1097/aln.0000000000003295
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Emetine, Ipecac, Ipecac Alkaloids and Analogues as Potential Antiviral Agents for Coronaviruses
AU  - Bleasel, Martin D.
AU  - Peterson, Gregory M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 coronavirus is currently spreading around the globe with limited treatment options available. This article presents the rationale for potentially using old drugs (emetine, other ipecac alkaloids or analogues) that have been used to treat amoebiasis in the treatment of COVID-19. Emetine had amongst the lowest reported half-maximal effective concentration (EC50) from over 290 agents screened for the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronaviruses. While EC50 concentrations of emetine are achievable in the blood, studies show that concentrations of emetine can be almost 300 times higher in the lungs. Furthermore, based on the relative EC50s of emetine towards the coronaviruses compared with Entamoeba histolytica, emetine could be much more effective as an anti-coronavirus agent than it is against amoebiasis. This paper also discusses the known side effects of emetine and related compounds, how those side effects can be managed, and the optimal method of administration for the potential treatment of COVID-19. Given the serious and immediate threat that the COVID-19 coronavirus poses, our long history with emetine and the likely ability of emetine to reach therapeutic concentrations within the lungs, ipecac, emetine, and other analogues should be considered as potential treatment options, especially if in vitro studies confirm viral sensitivity.
JO  - Pharmaceuticals 2020, Vol. 13, Page 51
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 13
IS  - 3
PG  - 51-51
SP  - 51
EP  - 51
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/PH13030051
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: control measures must be equitable and inclusive
AU  - Berger, Z. D.
AU  - Evans, N. G.
AU  - Phelan, A. L.
AU  - Silverman, R. D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1141
SP  - m1141
EP  - 
AN  - 32198146
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1141
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in pregnant women - Authors' reply
AU  - Baud, D.
AU  - Giannoni, E.
AU  - Pomar, L.
AU  - Qi, X.
AU  - Nielsen-Saines, K.
AU  - Musso, D.
AU  - Favre, G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet. Infectious diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32197096
DO  - 10.1016/s1473-3099(20)30192-4
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Review and Prospect of Pathological Features of Corona Virus Disease
AU  - Wang, H. J.
AU  - Du, S. H.
AU  - Yue, X.
AU  - Chen, C. X.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since 2003, coronavirus has caused multiple major public health events that resulted in global epidemics such as, severe acute respiratory syndrome （SARS）, Middle East respiratory syndrome （MERS） and corona virus disease 2019 （COVID-19）. Especially since COVID-19 has outbroken in Wuhan, Hubei, in December 2019, coronavirus has had a significant impact on people's health and lives. But so far, the pathological diagnosis of COVID-19 has been relatively deficient： it is still confined to the pathological findings of punctured organs, and the majority of medical workers have poor awareness of its pathological characteristics. The COVID-19, as same as SARS and MERS, is caused by coronaviruses and can cause viral pneumonia. They have certain similarities. This article comprehensively reviews the pathological features observed in the autopsies of the aforementioned three diseases, in order to provide reference to the analysis of pathological changes of COVID-19.
JO  - Fa yi xue za zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 36
IS  - 1
PG  - 16-20
SP  - 16
EP  - 20
AN  - 32198986
DO  - 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2020.01.004
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - From SARS-CoV to SARS-CoV-2: The response and challenge of forensic infectious disease autopsy
AU  - Wang, H. J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Fa yi xue za zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 36
IS  - 1
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 32198983
DO  - 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2020.01.001
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Updates on COVID-19 Infection During Pregnancy
AU  - Wang, Chen
AU  - Chen, Dun-Jin
AU  - Yang, Hui-Xia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Maternal-Fetal Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Latest Articles
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 02123147-900000000-99972
DO  - 10.1097/fm9.0000000000000049
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/mfm/Fulltext/latest/Updates_on_COVID_19_Infection_During_Pregnancy.99972.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical Features and Treatment of COVID-19 Patients in Northeast Chongqing
AU  - Wan, S.
AU  - Xiang, Y.
AU  - Fang, W.
AU  - Zheng, Y.
AU  - Li, B.
AU  - Hu, Y.
AU  - Lang, C.
AU  - Huang, D.
AU  - Sun, Q.
AU  - Xiong, Y.
AU  - Huang, X.
AU  - Lv, J.
AU  - Luo, Y.
AU  - Shen, L.
AU  - Yang, H.
AU  - Huang, G.
AU  - Yang, R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: The outbreak of the novel coronavirus in China (SARS CoV-2) that began in December 2019 presents a significant and urgent threat to global health. This study was conducted to provide the international community with a deeper understanding of this new infectious disease. METHODS: Epidemiological, clinical features, laboratory findings, radiological characteristics, treatment, and clinical outcomes of 135 patients in northeast Chongqing were collected and analyzed in this study. RESULTS: A total of 135 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 were enrolled. The median age was 47 years (IQR 36-55), and there was no significant gender difference (53.3% men). The majority of patients had contact with people from the Wuhan area. Forty-three (31.9%) patients had underlying disease, primarily hypertension (13 [9.6%]), diabetes (12 [8.9%]), cardiovascular disease (7 [5.2%]), and malignancy (4 [3.0%]). Common symptoms included fever (120 [88.9%]), cough (102 [76.5%]), and fatigue (44 [32.5%]). Chest CT scans showed bilateral patchy shadows or ground glass opacity in the lungs of all of the patients. All of the patients received antiviral therapy (135 [100%] (Kaletra and interferon were both used), antibacterial therapy (59 [43.7%]), and corticosteroids (36 [26.7%]). In addition, many patients received traditional Chinese medicine (124 [91.8%]). It is suggested that patients should receive Kaletra early and should be treated by a combination of western and Chinese medicine. Compared with the mild cases, the severe cases had lower lymphocyte counts and higher plasma levels of Pt, APTT, D-dimer, LDH, PCT, ALB, CRP, and AST. CONCLUSION: In this study, the clinic features and therapies of 135 COVID-19 patients were demonstrated. Kaletra and traditional Chinese medicine played an important role in the treatment of the viral pneumonia. Further studies are required to explore the role of Kaletra and traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of COVID-19. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32198776
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25783
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - American Association for Bronchology and Interventional Pulmonology (AABIP) Statement on the Use of Bronchoscopy and Respiratory Specimen Collection in Patients with Suspected or Confirmed COVID-19 Infection
AU  - Wahidi, M. M.
AU  - Lamb, C.
AU  - Murgu, S.
AU  - Musani, A.
AU  - Shojaee, S.
AU  - Sachdeva, A.
AU  - Maldonado, F.
AU  - Mahmood, K.
AU  - Kinsey, M.
AU  - Sethi, S.
AU  - Mahajan, A.
AU  - Majid, A.
AU  - Keyes, C.
AU  - Alraiyes, A. H.
AU  - Sung, A.
AU  - Hsia, D.
AU  - Eapen, G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of bronchology & interventional pulmonology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32195687
DO  - 10.1097/lbr.0000000000000681
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The resilience of the Spanish health system against the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Legido-Quigley, H.
AU  - Mateos-García, J. T.
AU  - Campos, V. R.
AU  - Gea-Sánchez, M.
AU  - Muntaner, C.
AU  - McKee, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet. Public health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32199083
DO  - 10.1016/s2468-2667(20)30060-8
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in Italy: momentous decisions and many uncertainties
AU  - Lazzerini, M.
AU  - Putoto, G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet. Global health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32199072
DO  - 10.1016/s2214-109x(20)30110-8
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Drive-Through Screening Center for COVID-19: a Safe and Efficient Screening System against Massive Community Outbreak
AU  - Kwon, K. T.
AU  - Ko, J. H.
AU  - Shin, H.
AU  - Sung, M.
AU  - Kim, J. Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak is ongoing, the number of individuals to be tested for COVID-19 is rapidly increasing. For safe and efficient screening for COVID-19, drive-through (DT) screening centers have been designed and implemented in Korea. Herein, we present the overall concept, advantages, and limitations of the COVID-19 DT screening centers. The steps of the DT centers include registration, examination, specimen collection, and instructions. The entire service takes about 10 minutes for one testee without leaving his or her cars. Increased testing capacity over 100 tests per day and prevention of cross-infection between testees in the waiting space are the major advantages, while protection of staff from the outdoor atmosphere is challenging. It could be implemented in other countries to cope with the global COVID-19 outbreak and transformed according to their own situations.
JO  - Journal of Korean medical science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 35
IS  - 11
PG  - e123
SP  - e123
EP  - 
AN  - 32193883
DO  - 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e123
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Herd immunity – estimating the level required to halt the COVID-19 epidemics in affected countries
AU  - Kwok, Kin On
AU  - Lai, Florence
AU  - Wei, Wan In
AU  - Wong, Samuel Yeung Shan
AU  - Tang, Julian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Previous workers have attempted to predict the cumulative number of cases of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China.1 However, since then, the epidemic has rapidly evolved into a pandemic affecting multiple countries worlwide.2 There have been serious debates about how to react to the spread of this disease, particularly by European countries, such as Italy, Spain, Germany, France and the UK, e.g. from closing schools and universities to locking down entire cities and countries. An alternative strategy would be to allow the causal virus (SARS-CoV-2) to spread to increase the population herd immunity, but at the same time protecting the elderly and those with multiple comorbidities, who are the most vulnerable to this virus.3 Before initiating either of these strategies, we need to estimate the basic reproductive number (R0), or the more ‘real-life’ effective reproductive number (Rt) for a given population. R0 is the number of secondary cases generated by the presence of one infected individual in an otherwise fully susceptible, well-mixed population. Rt is a more practical real-life version of this, which uses real-life data (from diagnostic testing and/or clinical surveillance) to estimate the reproductive number for an ongoing epidemic. For this anaylsis, we will estimate Rt, and we can do this by applying the exponential growth method,4 using data on the daily number of new COVID-19 cases, together with a recent estimate of the serial interval (mean=4.7 days, standard deviation=2.9 days),5 at a 0.05 significance level, with the mathematical software R (v3.6.1.). Using these values of Rt, we can then calculate the minimum (‘critical’) level of population immunity, Pcrit, acquired via vaccination or naturally-induced (i.e. after recovery from COVID-19), to halt the spread of infection in that population, using the formula: Pcrit=1-(1/Rt). So, for example, if the value of Rt=3 then Pcrit=0.67, i.e. at least two-thirds of the population need to be immune.6 As of 13 March 2020, there were 32 countries outside China with over 100 COVID-19 cases.7 The seven countries with the highest number of infections were: the United States (n=2294), France (n=3671), Germany (n=3675), Spain (n=5232), Korea (n=8086), Iran (n=11364) and Italy (n=17660). The number of confirmed cases in the other 25 countries were less than 1200 (Table 1).[Truncated]
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.027
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0163445320301547
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV2: should inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin system be withdrawn in patients with COVID-19?
AU  - Kuster, G. M.
AU  - Pfister, O.
AU  - Burkard, T.
AU  - Zhou, Q.
AU  - Twerenbold, R.
AU  - Haaf, P.
AU  - Widmer, A. F.
AU  - Osswald, S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European heart journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32196087
DO  - 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa235
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recommendations for the prevention, mitigation and containment of the emerging SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic in haemodialysis centres
AU  - Basile, C.
AU  - Combe, C.
AU  - Pizzarelli, F.
AU  - Covic, A.
AU  - Davenport, A.
AU  - Kanbay, M.
AU  - Kirmizis, D.
AU  - Schneditz, D.
AU  - van der Sande, F.
AU  - Mitra, S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19, a disease caused by a novel coronavirus, is a major global human threat that has turned into a pandemic. This novel coronavirus has specifically high morbidity in the elderly and in comorbid populations. Uraemic patients on dialysis combine an intrinsic fragility and a very frequent burden of comorbidities with a specific setting in which many patients are repeatedly treated in the same area (haemodialysis centres). Moreover, if infected, the intensity of dialysis requiring specialized resources and staff is further complicated by requirements for isolation, control and prevention, putting healthcare systems under exceptional additional strain. Therefore, all measures to slow if not to eradicate the pandemic and to control unmanageably high incidence rates must be taken very seriously. The aim of the present review of the European Dialysis (EUDIAL) Working Group of ERA-EDTA is to provide recommendations for the prevention, mitigation and containment in haemodialysis centres of the emerging COVID-19 pandemic. The management of patients on dialysis affected by COVID-19 must be carried out according to strict protocols to minimize the risk for other patients and personnel taking care of these patients. Measures of prevention, protection, screening, isolation and distribution have been shown to be efficient in similar settings. They are essential in the management of the pandemic and should be taken in the early stages of the disease.
JO  - Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32196116
DO  - 10.1093/ndt/gfaa069
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Race for a vaccine
AU  - Arnold, Carrie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - With the coronavirus pandemic getting worse, we are turning to new techniques to deliver a vaccine in record time. Can it be done, asks Carrie Arnold
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 245
IS  - 3274
PG  - 44-47
SP  - 44
EP  - 47
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30600-X
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S026240792030600X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Will COVID-19 be a litmus test for post-Ebola Sub-Saharan Africa?
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - In 2014, the worst outbreak of Ebola virus disease (EVD) emerged in sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA) causing fear and panic. The outbreak which started in Guinea quickly moved across to Sierra Leone and Liberia. With an average EVD case fatality rate of around 50% (range 25‐90%), there were many casualties, and the number of recorded deaths exceeded 11,300 by June 2016.1
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 32196700-32196700
SP  - 32196700
EP  - 32196700
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25780
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 causes more delay in managed care launch for Illinois youth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The state of Illinois is further delaying the transition to a managed care health coverage system for children in the custody of the Department of Children and Family Services (DCFS), this time citing the COVID-19 outbreak as the reason for delay, the Southern Illinoisan reported March 16. ?Recognizing the unprecedented challenges families, medical providers, and state agencies are facing from COVID-19, the launch of YouthCare services for DCFS youth in care will be postponed a minimum of 30 days,? the Illinois Department of Healthcare and Family Services said in a statement. Most Medicaid recipients in Illinois are already under a managed care system, known as IlliniCare. Under that system, the state pays a flat, monthly per-patient fee to private insurance companies to manage the care of Medicaid patients. The state has been planning for some time to shift foster children and other minors in the custody of DCFS into a managed care system, YouthCare, but that transition was delayed several times. Those delays have mostly been out of concern that there won't be a large enough network of participating health care providers that can serve the unique physical, mental and behavioral health needs of that population. And so, for now, they remain in a traditional fee-for-service coverage plan, DHFS and DCFS officials stated.
JO  - Mental Health Weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 30
IS  - 12
PG  - 8-8
SP  - 8
EP  - 8
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/mhw.32288
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/mhw.32288
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Massachusetts coalition launches campaign to preserve bed access
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A coalition of registered nurses with the Massachusetts Nurses Association (MNA), along with patients, families, advocates and elected officials who have been fighting for the preservation of mental health beds across Western Massachusetts, has launched a new campaign, ?Mental Health is Public Health,? to save essential inpatient psychiatric services, according to a March 16 news release. The effort comes as Trinity Health plans to close 74 pediatric and adult psychiatric beds at Providence Behavioral Health Hospital in Holyoke; Baystate Health seeks the closure of all its mental health beds in Greenfield, Palmer and Westfield; and COVID-19 places additional pressure on already-strained emergency departments and other hospital services throughout the region. ?These proposed closures would devastate an already-strained mental health system,? said Cindy Chaplin, RN at Providence and co-chair of the MNA Bargaining Committee. ?Right now, we need to maximize capacity in emergency departments and other hospital units, not decrease services. When everyone else in Massachusetts agrees we should be making it easier for patients to get high-quality mental healthcare, Trinity Health is going in the opposite direction.?
JO  - Mental Health Weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 30
IS  - 12
PG  - 7-8
SP  - 7
EP  - 8
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/mhw.32287
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/mhw.32287
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Viral survival
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - How long do viruses like cold, flu and coronavirus survive outside the body? What factors affect this? Douglas Fairchild, Two Harbors, Minnesota, US
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 245
IS  - 3274
PG  - 54-54
SP  - 54
EP  - 54
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30607-2
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920306072
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - EMS to stop during coronavirus outbreak
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Veterinary record
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 186
IS  - 11
PG  - 334
SP  - 334
EP  - 
AN  - 32198239
DO  - 10.1136/vr.m1122
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Department of Error: Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study (The Lancet, (S0140673620305663), (10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30566-3))
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Zhou F, Yu T, Du R, et al. Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet 2020; published online March 9. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30566-3—In this Article, the units for d-dimer, haemoglobin, and high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I have been corrected to μg/mL (d-dimer), g/L (haemoglobin), and pg/mL (high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I). In figure 1, the start of systematic corticosteroid for non-survivors has been changed to day 13 after illness onset. The appendix has also been corrected. These corrections have been made to the online version as of March 12, 2020, and will be made to the printed version.
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30606-1
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005209943 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30606-1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Wuhan and Hubei COVID-19 mortality analysis reveals the critical role of timely supply of medical resources
AU  - Zhang, Zuqin
AU  - Yao, Wei
AU  - Wang, Yan
AU  - Long, Cheng
AU  - Fu, Xinmiao
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.018
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.018
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Progression of Computed Tomographic (CT) Images in Patients with Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Pneumonia: The CT progression of COVID-19 pneumonia
AU  - Lei, Dr Pinggui
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.020
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.020
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Herd immunity &#x2013; estimating the level required to halt the COVID-19 epidemics in affected countries
AU  - Kwok, Kin On
AU  - Lai, Florence
AU  - Wei, Wan In
AU  - Wong, Samuel Yeung Shan
AU  - Tang, Julian
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.027
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.027
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The index case of SARS-CoV-2 in Scotland: a case report
AU  - Hill, Dr Katherine J.
AU  - Russell, Dr Clark D.
AU  - Clifford, Dr Sarah
AU  - Templeton, Dr Kate
AU  - Mackintosh, Dr Claire L.
AU  - Koch, Dr Oliver
AU  - Sutherland, Dr Rebecca K.
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - Since its identification in December 2019, SARS-CoV-2 has infected 125,048 persons globally with cases identified in 118 countries across all continents1. We report on the Scottish index case of SARS-CoV-2 infection, the virus causing COVID-19.
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.022
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.022
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - PCOMM
TI  - The Resilience Development for the Entrepreneurs Tourism Sector (RDETS) from the 2019 Coronavirus crisis in Thailand | Directory of Open Access Journals
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - The purpose of this research was to study the relationship between the resilience development for the entrepreneur's tourism sector (RDETS) and business performance (BP) from the Coronavirus crisis in Thailand. Using a mixed-methodology research model, data was collected from entrepreneurs in tourism in Thailand, thus a sample of 400 people from a population of 35,381,210 people, were analyzed with descriptive statistics and advanced statistics including confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM). The results showed that firstly the resilience development for the entrepreneur's tourism sector (RDETS) has a direct and indirect positive impact on business performance (BP). Secondly, the recovery (RV) has a direct and indirect positive impact on RDETS, so that all factors are important to RDETS. The most important factors are resource mobilization (RM), crisis management (CM) and consequence mitigation (CM), respectively. Third, all factors of financial strength (FS) have a direct positive impact and are important to RDETS. The most important factors are insurance (IN), financial reserve and liquidity (FRL) and price margin (PM), respectively. Fourth, the two factors of capacity (CP) have a direct and indirect positive impact on RDETS, which are communication (CM) and reserve capacity (RC). The last, business performance (BP) which has a positive effect when using RDETS adapted for entrepreneurs tourism, found that it can enhance ownerreturn (OR), financial outcomes (FO) and reduce operation disruptions (ROD). Therefore, entrepreneur tourism should plan to manage a crisis by preparing resources or create a specific organization flowchart and consider using the recovery model of the RDETS in a comprehensive manner in a detailed approach for good business performance to be sustained in tourism.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://doaj.org/article/b45438c0143d42368201d479c945c86e
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Are We Ready for Coronavirus Disease 2019 Arriving at Schools?
AU  - CHOE, Young June
AU  - CHOI, Eun Hwa
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - No abstract available.
JO  - Journal of Korean Medical Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 35
IS  - 11
PG  - 127-
SP  - 127
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Nursing and the Novel Coronavirus: Risks and Responsibilities in a Global Outbreak
AU  - Choi, Kristen R.
AU  - Skrine Jeffers, Kia
AU  - Logsdon, M. Cynthia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract In December of 2019, reports emerged of pneumonia clusters of unknown cause at health facilities in Wuhan, China. These cases were linked to a wet animal wholesale market in the region and, after extensive epidemiologic investigation, led to identification of a novel coronavirus (COVID-19). COVID-19 is among a family of viruses?called coronaviruses?that can affect both humans and animals (Zhu et al., 2020).
JO  - Journal of Advanced Nursing
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jan.14369
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.14369
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Exploration on the emergency support mode of hospital medical supplies under the epidemic of NCP
AU  - CHU, Yong-hua
AU  - ZOU, Qu-chao
AU  - XIE, Hui-ling
AU  - YING, Yue
AU  - ZHAO, Fen
AU  - JIN, Jin-jiang
AU  - HUANG, Tan-hai
AU  - SUN, Shu-ying
AU  - WANG, Yi-wen
AU  - LIU, Hong
AU  - WANG, Zhi-kang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since the outbreak of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia(NCP), hospitals have taken the fight against the virus as its own responsibility, and keep standing in the front line of epidemic prevention and control. The continuous input of anti-epidemic forces in hospitals also brings challenges to the medical supplies support, including the management of protective supplies and the maintenance of medical equipment. In the face of increasing security pressure, the medical materials support team broke the game on multiple fronts. Firstly, the team implements active material procurement strategy, sets material distribution priority according to risk level, releases materials uniformly based on stock and use, and implements traceability management of donated materials to ensure material supply. Secondly, centralized allocation management of equipment, emergency installation, advanced maintenance and emergency maintenance work is effectively completed. Thirdly, disinfection strategies for items and equipment are developed safely and effectively with the aid of disinfection equipment functions. At last, personnel management and training have been strengthened. These measures have provided strong support for the orderly prevention and control of the epidemic.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Hospital Administration
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 36
IS  - 0
PG  - E012-E012
SP  - E012
EP  - E012
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The international imperative to rapidly and inexpensively monitor community-wide Covid-19 infection status and trends
AU  - Daughton, Christian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Given the continuing concerns surrounding the lack of adequate diagnostic testing for Covid-19 (caused by SARS-CoV-2), even less attention is being paid to what could become an even more urgent need - - the ability to quickly determine the status and trends of Covid-19 within and across communities nationwide. The existing Covid-19 clinical diagnostic tests will prove woefully inadequate for rapidly monitoring (at comparatively low cost) the incidence of Covid-19 community-wide. It is simply not feasible to do repeated individual testing at very large scales. Rapid community-wide monitoring could prove of immense international importance in quickly determining trends in whether the spread of Covid-19 (as well as future viral epidemics) in individual communities is increasing or decreasing. This ability is critical for better informing containment and mitigation strategies as well as for better-targeting followup diagnostic testing of individuals. This would prove even more important if SARS-CoV-2 reinfections and episodic outbreaks begin to widely occur. Fortunately, the relatively new field of sewage epidemiology (also called wastewater-based epidemiology: WBE) has been advancing steadily over the last 15 years (for example, see Choi et al, 2018; Daughton 2018), with research efforts largely concentrated in Europe. Originally geared toward determining the population-wide use of illicit drugs, this monitoring concept has since evolved to include a broad array of other types of substances in wastewater, including virus particles. So the time required for developing and implementing a wastewater monitoring approach specifically designed for SARS-CoV-2 (and Covid-19) might be greatly reduced. It is critical that governments worldwide be made aware of the important role that sewage epidemiology could play in controlling the spread of Covid-19. National agencies should encourage the development of sewage monitoring capabilities. This can be done partly by soliciting and funding grant proposals; one such example is a call for research proposals dealing with many aspects of coronavirus by the Swiss National Science Foundation (http://www.snf.ch/en/funding/programmes/coronavirus/Pages/default.aspx). Future calls for proposals focused solely on WBE might be more productive. One problem is the very uneven worldwide distribution of not just R&D on WBE, but also the uneven adoption of WBE for existing purposes such as community-wide illicit drug monitoring. Some countries, such as the U.S., have little experience with the implementation of WBE. For this reason, it will be important to encourage international research collaborations. This would be the best way to ensure adoption of WBE worldwide for monitoring pandemics. Development of a rapid and economical WBE tool for monitoring status and trends of Covid-19 mass infection will encounter a number of challenges, many of which are often shared by existing WBE methods for other targets of analysis (such as chemical micropollutants). Challenges include statistically representative sampling of sewage, Journal Pre-proof Journal Pre-proofwhich is heterogeneous. With respect to its occurrence in sewage, viable SARS-CoV-2 probably enters mainly via shedding in the stool. Non-viable virus (and associate viral debris such as RNA fragments, mRNA, or capsid subunits) could enter sewage via stool and urine. Virus particle loadings in sewage can be quantified by targeting virus functional or structural motifs. Since the half-life of viable SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater seems to be very short, any detection method should account for both viable and non-viable particles. Degradation products (such as RNA fragments) from the virus could also be selected as targets. Detection approaches could include RT-PCR (or allied approaches) and ELISA, coupled with the Most Probable Number (MPN) method for quantifying sewage loadings of combined viable and non-viable virus particles. For each individual sewage treatment plant (STP), the virus loading levels would then be directly used to establish status and time trends. The levels could also be normalized against the populations served by each STP plant in order to rank communities with respect to their community-wide infection rates. This would facilitate rapid identification of hot spots for better-informed intervention measures and prevention of emerging clusters.
JO  - Science of The Total Environment
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 138149-138149
SP  - 138149
EP  - 138149
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138149
UR  - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0048969720316624
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - ATeam technology for detecting early signs of viral cytopathic effect
AU  - Doysabas, Karla Cristine C.
AU  - Oba, Mami
AU  - Ishibashi, Tomoki
AU  - Shibata, Hideki
AU  - Takemae, Hitoshi
AU  - Shimoda, Hiroshi
AU  - Mizutani, Tetsuya
AU  - Iida, Atsuo
AU  - Hondo, Eiichi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Veterinary Medical Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 82
IS  - 3
PG  - 387-393
SP  - 387
EP  - 393
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1292/jvms.20-0021
UR  - https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jvms/advpub/0/advpub_20-0021/_article
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Fair Allocation of Scarce Medical Resources in the Time of Covid-19
AU  - Emanuel, Ezekiel J.
AU  - Persad, Govind
AU  - Upshur, Ross
AU  - Thome, Beatriz
AU  - Parker, Michael
AU  - Glickman, Aaron
AU  - Zhang, Cathy
AU  - Boyle, Connor
AU  - Smith, Maxwell
AU  - Phillips, James P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Allocating Scarce Medical Resources for Covid-19 The Covid-19 pandemic has already stressed health care systems throughout the world, requiring rationing of medical equipment and care. The authors ...
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - NEJMsb2005114-NEJMsb2005114
SP  - NEJMsb2005114
EP  - NEJMsb2005114
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMsb2005114
UR  - http://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMsb2005114
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 OUTBREAK IN NORTHERN ITALY: FIRST PRACTICAL INDICATIONS FOR RADIOTHERAPY DEPARTMENTS
AU  - Filippi, Andrea Riccardo
AU  - Russi, Elvio
AU  - Magrini, Stefano Maria
AU  - Corvò, Renzo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.03.007
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - The global community needs to swiftly ramp up the response to contain COVID-19
AU  - Fisher, Dale
AU  - Wilder-Smith, Annelies
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30679-6
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The challenge of emergency medicine facing the COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Freund, Yonathan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Journal of Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Publish Ahead of Print
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00063110-900000000-99121
DO  - 10.1097/mej.0000000000000699
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/euro-emergencymed/Fulltext/publishahead/The_challenge_of_emergency_medicine_facing_the.99121.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Rapid Progression to Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Review of Current Understanding of Critical Illness from COVID-19 Infection
AU  - Goh, Ken J.
AU  - Choong, Mindy Cm
AU  - Cheong, Elizabeth Ht
AU  - Kalimuddin, Shirin
AU  - Duu Wen, Sewa
AU  - Phua, Ghee Chee
AU  - Chan, Kian Sing
AU  - Haja Mohideen, Salahudeen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak that started in Wuhan, Hubei province, China in December 2019 has now extended across the globe with >100,000 cases and 3,000 deaths reported in 93 countries as of 7 March 2020. We report a case of COVID-19 infection in a 64-year-old man who developed rapidly worsening respiratory failure and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) that required intubation. As the clinical spectrum of COVID-19 ranges widely from mild illness to ARDS with a high risk of mortality, there is a need for more research to identify early markers of disease severity. Current evidence suggests that patients with advanced age, pre-existing comorbidities or dyspnoea should be closely monitored, especially at 1-2 weeks after symptom onset. It remains to be seen if laboratory findings such as lymphopenia or elevated lactate dehydrogenase may serve as early surrogates for critical illness or markers of disease recovery. Management of ARDS in COVID-19 remains supportive while we await results of drug trials. More studies are needed to understand the incidence and outcomes of ARDS and critical illness from COVID-19, which will be important for critical care management and resource planning.
JO  - Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 49
IS  - 1
PG  - 1-9
SP  - 1
EP  - 9
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A balance act: minimizing economic loss while controlling novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - Gong, Binlei
AU  - Zhang, Shurui
AU  - Yuan, Lingran
AU  - Chen, Kevin Z.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Chinese Governance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-20
SP  - 1
EP  - 20
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/23812346.2020.1741940
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/23812346.2020.1741940
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Treatment of pancreatic diseases and prevention of infection during outbreak of 2019 coronavirus disease
AU  - GOU, Shanmiao
AU  - YIN, Tao
AU  - XIONG, Jiongxin
AU  - PENG, Tao
AU  - LI, Yao
AU  - WU, Heshui
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - To explorethe proper protective measures for pancreaticdiseases treatment during theoutbreak of 2019 coronavirus disease(COVID-19).;;Method;Clinical data of four cases of patients that suffered COVID-19from February 2&lt;sup&gt;nd&lt;/sup&gt;, 2020 to February 9&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt;, 2020 in pancreatic surgery were reviewed.After the first patientscuffednosocomial infection of COVID-19, the general protective measures in our department wereupdated.Only one patient was admitted to each room alone, with no more than one caregiver.The body temperature of care givers was measuredtwice a day.Primary protections were applied to all staff.The floor was sterilized using disinfectant with an effective chlorine concentration of 1000 mg/L.The protective measures for interventional procedures were as follow.Primary protection was applied to the operators ofcentral venipuncture catheter, percutaneous abdominal/pleural drainage, percutaneous retroperitoneal drainage, percutaneous transhepatic cholangial drainage and other surgical procedures with local anesthesiaand epidural anesthesia.Secondary protection was applied to the operators of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and surgical procedures with general anesthesia.;;Results;During Feb 2&lt;sup&gt;nd&lt;/sup&gt;, 2020 to Feb 9&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt;, 2020, four patients in our department were diagnosed with COVID-19, of which one was died of COVID-19, two were cured, and one is still in hospital for COVID-19.After the update ofprotective measures in our department, no more nosocomial infection of COVID-19occurred.Two central venipuncture catheter, three percutaneous abdominal/pleural drainage, one percutaneous retroperitoneal drainage, one percuteneous transhepatic cholecyst drainage and one open surgery with general anesthesia were performed with no infection of operators.;;Conclusions;The caregivers of patients are potential infection source of COVID-19.Enhanced protective measures including the management measures of caregivers can decrease the risk of nosocomial infection of COVID-19. ;
JO  - Chinese Journal of Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 58
IS  - 0
PG  - E006-E006
SP  - E006
EP  - E006
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - ‘It’s heartbreaking.’ Labs are euthanizing thousands of mice in response to coronavirus pandemic
AU  - Grimm, David
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Faced with her lab’s imminent closure, Sunny Shin had already begun to fear she would have to euthanize large numbers of the mice she works on. Then, last Tuesday, the email came from her school’s vice provost of research. “In response to the public health crisis caused by COVID-19,” it read, “mouse/rodent users should cull their colonies as much as possible.”
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb8633
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/03/it-s-heartbreaking-labs-are-euthanizing-thousands-mice-response-coronavirus-pandemic
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The countries getting it right
AU  - Hamzelou, Jessica
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The world can learn lessons from how China, South Korea and Singapore have handled covid-19, the WHO's Bruce Aylward tells Jessica Hamzelou Previous article in issueNext article in issue LAST month, the World Health Organization's assistant director general Bruce Aylward set out to learn more about China's response to the covid-19 outbreak and generate recommendations for China and other countries. He told Jessica Hamzelou what we have learned so far. Jessica Hamzelou: Cases in China are declining – we are now only seeing a handful of new reported cases every day. Does China have the virus under control? Bruce Aylward: It has absolutely turned it around. [But] governors, mayors and others that I talked to in China would never say things were “under control”. When I asked them if they felt good about falling cases, they said no. They said they were building more beds and buying more ventilators because they were worried that they might never get something like this – a new virus that we don't understand – under control. Now they are planning to open up all the travel restrictions, get people back to work and get students back to school. But their feeling was that this is going to remain in the population and raise its ugly head, and they have to be able to respond rapidly. How did China get to this point? China did something that most other countries would not even have tried, and many people thought would have been impossible. It used fundamental public health approaches – such as case finding and contact tracing – to stop a respiratory virus. That seemed almost impossible as a premise because respiratory viruses transmit so effectively and efficiently – typically the only way you can stop them is with a vaccine or pharmaceutical treatment. What China did provides a lesson for infectious disease epidemiologists. Does that mean China's extreme lockdowns were the right way to go? Everyone always starts at the wrong end of the China response. The first thing it did was try to prevent the spread as much as it could, and make sure people knew about the disease and how to get tested. To actually stop the virus, it had to do rapid testing of any suspect case, immediate isolation of anyone who was a confirmed or suspected case, and then quarantine the close contacts for 14 days so that they could figure out if any were infected. Those were the measures that stopped transmission in China, not the big travel restrictions and lockdowns. 14% Roughly how many people in South Korea are 65 or older Stopping the movement of people doesn't stop the virus jumping from person to person, it just prevents those people from moving to other places. The travel restrictions and lockdowns were to give them time to get the other things in place and actually stop transmission. When I spoke to Italy the other day, they said: “We've got these lockdowns in place.” I said: “Great, you've done the hard part, now you have to do the really hard part, and that is making sure the cases are effectively isolated.” Italy is the most affected country in Europe. What's happening there? What's happening in Italy, and in many other countries in Europe, is that they are treating the mild cases at home. In some countries they are not even testing them. They are saying if you have a cough and high fever, stay at home. But the problem then is that [people] don't know that they have the disease, they haven't had it confirmed. After a couple of days people get bored, go out for a walk and go shopping and get other people infected. If you know you are infected you are more likely to isolate yourself. Generally in a population, around 60 to 80 per cent of those affected are going to have mild or moderate disease. If those people are all out of hospital, most of your cases are at home, but not isolated. In China, they found that didn't work. They had to get them isolated in hospitals or dormitories or stadiums. The main goal was to keep them from getting bored. Which countries have responded well to the outbreak? There are lots. Look at South Korea – it has been pretty rigorous about testing all the suspect cases and finding all the contacts. In the past couple of days, we have seen that, instead of that relentless upward creep in cases, it seems to have turned a corner, which is positive. Singapore is another country that has been hit with importations again and again, and they are jumping on them, tracing all the cases, tracing all the contacts, professionally isolating them all. It seems to be doing pretty well, even though it has got relatively big numbers. Canada had importations into four or five different provinces. And in almost all of those it has been able to keep the numbers fairly low, following a very similar rapid test approach. And in all those places, it's very easy to get tested as well. Do you think these countries have learned lessons from other, past outbreaks? Oh absolutely. When you look at Singapore, South Korea, China – why are they so aggressive in terms of case finding and contact tracing for coronavirus? Well they were all hit by SARS. Similarly, if you look at Canada, it had a big SARS outbreak back in 2003, with hundreds of cases. [These countries] saw the devastation a coronavirus can cause – they jumped right on it. Why has the case fatality rate been lower in South Korea than in other countries? It has a relatively young population. The population aged over 65 in South Korea is something like 14 per cent – half that of Japan and much lower than Italy. A case fatality rate of around 1 per cent – close to what we are seeing in South Korea now – is what we see in a young population. But the case fatality rate has been creeping up over time. The thing that I would remember, even right now in South Korea, is that [the fatality rate] is still tenfold higher than seasonal flu. Is that why it has been so bad in Italy, because the population is older? We are not sure. I saw some data from the north [of Italy] that suggests around one-third of cases are being managed at home. Some of the milder cases just aren't being tested and officially diagnosed. That's part of the problem. The second is the older population. The third is it is also very early in their outbreak, and that can sometimes be where you see higher mortality among older people, and it distorts the picture. What do you think of the UK, which hasn't been taking as strong measures as some countries? People have different reasons for taking different measures at different times in an outbreak. Chris [Whitty, chief medical adviser to the UK] is one of the brightest, most sensible and careful people I know. I'm not going to second-guess anybody at this time. How effective is closing schools? That's a tough one. The data [on this is] for a different disease – it's for flu. Kids get these rip-roaring flus, and the whole classroom gets sick. The kids get their families infected. Parents have to stay at home with the kids, and then they get sick, go to work and infect others. But one of the curious things with [covid-19] is that we have not seen school outbreaks. I talked to my colleagues in South Korea, in China, in Italy, everywhere – no one has seen school outbreaks. They have seen situations where a teacher is infected and they have infected kids, but that is different to the kids all getting each other infected. When you talk about school closures, you want to know, is it going to reduce the intensity of transmission? We know that it probably won't reduce the number of sick people very much, because not many kids get sick. But what we don't know is, are kids getting infected and we just can't see it? And if they are, are they carrying it back to their families? Even there we don't have a lot of data to suggest that kids are infecting their families. So as a result, countries have done things differently. Lockdown is the hard part. Making sure cases are effectively isolated is the really hard part There is a chance that when cases decline in countries and restrictions loosen, we will see more infections. What happens then? China decided that it cannot afford to wait for cases to go to absolute zero – not knowing if they ever will – so it decided to strengthen its whole system so that it could live with the disease if it had to. It is building additional capacity to isolate people, and it is building additional ventilators. It is planning to be able to manage low-level disease and prevent large outbreaks. It's a very sensible way to plan. It's wishful thinking to think that the virus is going to disappear altogether. People keep saying that maybe in the warm season it will. Last time I checked, Singapore was very warm, and it's roaring away there.
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 245
IS  - 3274
PG  - 8-9
SP  - 8
EP  - 9
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30570-4
UR  - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0262407920305704
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mental Health Strategies to Combat the Psychological Impact of COVID-19 Beyond Paranoia and Panic
AU  - Ho, Cyrus Sh
AU  - Chee, Cornelia Yi
AU  - Ho, Roger Cm
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 49
IS  - 1
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Offline: COVID-19-a reckoning
AU  - Horton, Richard
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Lancet (London, England)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10228
PG  - 935-935
SP  - 935
EP  - 935
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30669-3
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - The Novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) Epidemic
AU  - Hsu, Li Yang
AU  - Chia, Po Ying
AU  - Lim, Jeremy Fy
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 49
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Thinking of treatment strategies for colorectal cancer patients in tumor hospitals under the background of coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - HU, Xuhua
AU  - NIU, Wenbo
AU  - ZHANG, Jianfeng
AU  - LI, Baokun
AU  - YU, Bin
AU  - ZHANG, Zhenya
AU  - ZHOU, Chaoxi
AU  - ZHANG, Xuena
AU  - GAO, Yang
AU  - WANG, Guiying
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, a new outbreak of coronavirus pneumonia began to occur. Its pathogen is 2019-nCoV, which has the characteristics of strong infectivity and general susceptibility. The current situation of prevention and control of new coronavirus pneumonia is severe. In this context, as front-line medical workers bearing important responsibilities and pressure, while through strict management strategy, we can minimize the risk of infection exposure. By summarizing the research progress and guidelines in recent years in the fields of colorectal cancer disease screening, treatment strategies(including early colorectal cancer, locally advanced colorectal cancer, obstructive colorectal cancer, metastatic colorectal cancer and the treatment of patients after neoadjuvant therapy), the choice of medication and time limit for adjuvant therapy, the protective measures for patients undergoing emergency surgery, the re-examination of postoperative patients and the protection of medical staff, etc., authors improve treatment strategies in order to provide more choices for patients to obtain the best treatment under the severe epidemic situation of new coronavirus pneumonia. Meanwhile we hope that it can also provide more timely treatment modeling schemes for colleagues.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 23
IS  - 3
PG  - E002-E002
SP  - E002
EP  - E002
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Deep Learning Localization of Pneumonia: 2019 Coronavirus (COVID-19) Outbreak
AU  - Hurt, Brian
AU  - Kligerman, Seth
AU  - Hsiao, Albert
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Thoracic Imaging
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Publish Ahead of Print
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00005382-900000000-99441
DO  - 10.1097/rti.0000000000000512
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/thoracicimaging/Fulltext/publishahead/Deep_Learning_Localization_of_Pneumonia__2019.99441.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and Dialysis Units: What Do We Know Now and What Should We Do?
AU  - Ikizler, T. Alp
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a newly discovered transmissible disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus, primarily manifesting as an acute upper and lower respiratory tract illness that may be complicated by interstitial and alveolar pneumonia. It may also affect multiple other tissues such as the heart, digestive tract, kidneys, blood, and nervous system.1 The rapidly spreading outbreak, which first emerged in Wuhan, Hubei Province in China in December 2019 was declared a global pandemic on March 11th, 2020 by the World Health Organization (WHO). The number of individuals affected by the disease increases by the day and there are several resources that provide up-to-date epidemiological data.2 Maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients are at increased risk for COVID-19 and its complications for several reasons. Many MHD patients are of older age and have certain comorbid conditions such as cardiovascular disease (CVD), hypertension, diabetes, and lung disease as well as an underlying immune-compromised state that are associated with worse outcomes in patients with COVID-19.3 The logistical aspects of MHD further increase the risk of disease transmission such as recurrent physical presence at health care facilities and physical proximity of patients during hemodialysis. It is, therefore, crucial to rapidly employ appropriate preventive strategies in outpatient hemodialysis facilities. This summary is aimed at providing up-to-date scientific information about COVID-19 as it relates to MHD patients and highlighting the strategies to minimize its spread in outpatient hemodialysis facilities.[truncated]
JO  - American Journal of Kidney Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1053/j.ajkd.2020.03.008
UR  - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0272638620306089
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Inside China and COVID-19: Questions and answers
AU  - Jiang, Rongmeng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since the outbreak of the novel 2019 coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) and the burgeoning pneumonia (COVID-19) incidence in Wuhan, China, I have personally examined many patients and been actively involved in the prevention and treatment process. As an infectious disease physician and witness to this human tragedy, this has led me to ask myself many questions. The most important might be: if we could relive this experience, what would we do differently? Could we reduce the case fatality rate (CFR) in the Wuhan area to roughly resemble that of other areas or the Spanish flu?
JO  - Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101640-101640
SP  - 101640
EP  - 101640
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101640
UR  - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1477893920301083
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 can present with a rash and be mistaken for Dengue
AU  - joob, Beuy
AU  - Wiwanitkit, Viroj
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In late December 2019, several individuals withunexplained pneumonia were reported inWuhan, China. A novel coronavirus wassubsequently identified as the causative pathogenand provisionally designated 2019 novel coronavirus(2019-nCoV).1As of February 10, 2020, 42,638 casesof 2019-nCoV infection have been confirmed inChina, with 21,675 suspected cases and 1016 deaths.There are still more than 3000 confirmed cases everyday, involving people living in or visiting Wuhan,as a subsequent characteristic of human-to-humantransmission. 2019-nCoV continues to spread aroundthe world and has been reported in other countriessuch as the United States.2Hospitals in all provincesand cities across China have taken effective measuresto control the spread of 2019-nCoV.On January 24, 2020, the West China Hospital ofSichuan University temporarily shut the doorsof its dermatology outpatient department anddermatology surgery by postponing all of theelective operations and limiting to only emergencyoperations. We did not, however, completely haltthe services to some patients who need to visitthe dermatology outpatient department during the2019-nCoV outbreak. At the same time, to meet themedical requirements and reduce the flow of patientsto the skin clinic, we began free online and telephoneconsultation by providing free dermatology consulta-tions. The dermatology outpatient department in WestChina Hospital was scheduled to run on January 28,2020, mainly for critical care patients. Patients whohad made an advanced appointment for obtainingmedical service but chose not to visit received a fullrefund of registration fees.The number of dermatology outpatient clinics hasbeen drastically reduced from 8 to 4, and only 1accompanying person is allowed to enter the clinic.People entering the outpatient and inpatient buildingsmust wear masks and have their body temperaturemonitored by professionals wearing tight protectiveclothing. At the entrance of the building, anyone witha fever (body temperature$37.38C), travel history toWuhan in last 2 weeks, clear contact with residents inWuhan in last 2 weeks, or contact with people with afever would be directly sent to the fever clinic forscreening. These individuals are considered to havebeen exposed and are quarantined for 2 weeks, andpotential exposures are also asked to quarantinethemselves for 2 weeks at home.During the skin clinic, patients are not allowed totake off their masks except on indications of faciallesions. Doctors must wear masks, surgical caps,protective suits, gloves, and goggles at work; theytake off their protective equipment only after theirwork in a designated disposable area.In other respects, educational programs andactivities of West China Hospital have come to ahalt; graduate students and interns are prohibitedfrom returning to school and work. Also, West ChinaHospital established special psychologic interventioncounseling via a telephone and network platform tohelp those in need and published a psychologicprotection handbook for free download.It is uncertain to predict when the 2019-nCoV willend at the time of this writing. The West Chinahospital is still playing a powerful role in defendingagainst the epidemic outbreak and is a microcosm ofall of the countless Chinese hospitals at this moment.
JO  - Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.03.036
UR  - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0190962220304540
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 1,000,000 cases of COVID-19 outside of China: The date predicted by a simple heuristic
AU  - Koczkodaj, W. W.
AU  - Mansournia, M. A.
AU  - Pedrycz, W.
AU  - Wolny-Dominiak, A.
AU  - Zabrodskii, P. F.
AU  - Strzaška, D.
AU  - Armstrong, T.
AU  - Zolfaghari, A. H.
AU  - Debski, M.
AU  - Mazurek, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We forecast 1,000,000 COVID-19 cases outside of China by March 30, 2020 based on a heuristic and WHO situation reports. We do not model the COVID-19 pandemic; we model only the number of cases. The proposed heuristic is based on a simple observation that the plot of the given data is well approximated by an exponential curve. The exponential curve is used for forecasting the growth of new cases. It has been tested for the last situation report of the last day. Its accuracy has been 1.29% for the last day added and predicted by the 57 previous WHO situation reports (the date 18 March 2020). Prediction, forecast, pandemic, COVID-19, coronavirus, exponential growth curve parameter, heuristic, epidemiology, extrapolation, abductive reasoning, WHO situa- tion report.
JO  - Global Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 100023-100023
SP  - 100023
EP  - 100023
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.gloepi.2020.100023
UR  - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2590113320300079
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: gastrointestinal symptoms and potential sources of 2019-nCoV transmission
AU  - Kotfis, Katarzyna
AU  - Skonieczna-Żydecka, Karolina
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A new type of coronavirus, i.e. se-vere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2; formerly known as 2019-nCoV) appeared in December 2019 in the province of Hubei, China, and over the past four months the number of cases of infection has exceeded 240,000 worldwide, leading to a pandemia [1]. At the genetic level, 2019-nCoV is closely related to the SARS-CoV and, to a lesser extent, to MERS-CoV, which appeared as epidemiological threats in recent years in China and the Middle East, respectively. Infections with the Coronaviridae virus family in a small percentage of patients, especially in those over 60 years of age with a positive clinical history, lead to severe acute respiratory syndrome [2].
JO  - Anaesthesiology intensive therapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.5114/ait.2020.93867
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: A Global Transplant Perspective on Successfully Navigating a Pandemic
AU  - Kumar, Deepali
AU  - Manuel, Oriol
AU  - Natori, Yoichiro
AU  - Egawa, Hiroto
AU  - Grossi, Paolo
AU  - Han, Sang-Hoon
AU  - Fernandez-Ruiz, Mario
AU  - Humar, Atul
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has rapidly evolved and changed our way of life in an unprecedented manner. The emergence of COVID-19 has impacted transplantation worldwide. The impact has not been just restricted to issues pertaining to donors or recipients, but also health care resource utilization as the intensity of cases in certain jurisdictions exceeds available capacity. Here we provide a personal viewpoint representing different jurisdictions from around the world in order to outline the impact of the current COVID-19 pandemic on organ transplantation. Based on our collective experience, we discuss mitigation strategies such as donor screening, resource planning and a staged approach to transplant volume considerations as local resource issues demand. We also discuss issues related to transplant-related research during the pandemic, the role of transplant infectious diseases and the influence of transplant societies for education and disseminating current information.
JO  - American Journal of Transplantation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/ajt.15876
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/ajt.15876
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 OUTBREAK IN NORTHERN ITALY: VIEWPOINT OF THE MILAN AREA SURGICAL COMMUNITY
AU  - Kurihara, Hayato
AU  - Bisagni, Pietro
AU  - Faccincani, Roberto
AU  - Zago, Mauro
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Publish Ahead of Print
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 01586154-900000000-97966
DO  - 10.1097/ta.0000000000002695
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/jtrauma/Fulltext/publishahead/COVID_19_OUTBREAK_IN_NORTHERN_ITALY__VIEWPOINT_OF.97966.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - Qingxia Zhong (2020-03-24 23:26:36)(Screen): doi problem; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Dermatology practices as vectors for COVID-19 transmission: a call for immediate cessation of non-emergent dermatolgy visits
AU  - Kwatra, Shawn G.
AU  - Sweren, Ronald J.
AU  - Grossberg, Anna L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.03.037
UR  - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0190962220304552
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Drive-Through Screening Center for COVID-19: a Safe and Efficient Screening System against Massive Community Outbreak
AU  - KWON, Ki Tae
AU  - KO, Jae Hoon
AU  - SHIN, Heejun
AU  - SUNG, Minki
AU  - KIM, Jin Yong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak is ongoing, the number of individuals to be tested for COVID-19 is rapidly increasing. For safe and efficient screening for COVID-19, drive-through (DT) screening centers have been designed and implemented in Korea. Herein, we present the overall concept, advantages, and limitations of the COVID-19 DT screening centers. The steps of the DT centers include registration, examination, specimen collection, and instructions. The entire service takes about 10 minutes for one testee without leaving his or her cars. Increased testing capacity over 100 tests per day and prevention of cross-infection between testees in the waiting space are the major advantages, while protection of staff from the outdoor atmosphere is challenging. It could be implemented in other countries to cope with the global COVID-19 outbreak and transformed according to their own situations.
JO  - Journal of Korean Medical Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 35
IS  - 11
PG  - 123-
SP  - 123
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Global epidemiology of coronavirus disease 2019: disease incidence, daily cumulative index, mortality, and their association with country healthcare resources and economic status
AU  - Lai, Chih-Cheng
AU  - Wang, Cheng-Yi
AU  - Wang, Ya-Hui
AU  - Hsueh, Shun-Chung
AU  - Ko, Wen-Chien
AU  - Hsueh, Po-Ren
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - It has been 2 months since the first case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was reported in Wuhan. So far, COVID-19 has affected 84,503 patients in 57 countries/territories and caused 2,924 deaths in nine countries. However, the epidemiology data differ across countries. Although China had higher morbidity and mortality than other sites, the number of new cases per day in China is lesser than that outside of China since February 26, 2020. The incidence ranged from 61.4 per 1,000,000 people in Republic of Korea to 0.0002 per 1,000,000 people in India. The daily cumulative index (DCI) of COVID-19 (cumulative cases/no. of days between the first reported case and February 29, 2020) was greatest in China (1,320.85 per day), followed by Republic of Korea (78.78 per day), Iran (43.11 per day), and Italy (30.62 per day). However, the DCI in other countries/territories were less than 10 per day. Several effective measures including restricting travel from China, controlling the distribution of masks, extensive investigation of COVID-19 spread, and at once daily press conference by government to inform and educate people were aggressively conducted in Taiwan. This is probably the reason why there was only 39 cases (as of February 29, 2020) with a DCI of 1 case per day in Taiwan, which was much lower than that of nearby countries, such as Republic of Korea and Japan. Additionally, the incidence and mortality were correlated with DCI. However, further study and continued monitoring are needed to better understand the underlying mechanism of COVID-19.
JO  - International journal of antimicrobial agents
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 105946-105946
SP  - 105946
EP  - 105946
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105946
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Factors Associated With Mental Health Outcomes Among Health Care Workers Exposed to Coronavirus Disease 2019
AU  - Lai, Jianbo
AU  - Ma, Simeng
AU  - Wang, Ying
AU  - Cai, Zhongxiang
AU  - Hu, Jianbo
AU  - Wei, Ning
AU  - Wu, Jiang
AU  - Du, Hui
AU  - Chen, Tingting
AU  - Li, Ruiting
AU  - Tan, Huawei
AU  - Kang, Lijun
AU  - Yao, Lihua
AU  - Huang, Manli
AU  - Wang, Huafen
AU  - Wang, Gaohua
AU  - Liu, Zhongchun
AU  - Hu, Shaohua
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <h3>Importance</h3><p>Health care workers exposed to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) could be psychologically stressed.</p><h3>Objective</h3><p>To assess the magnitude of mental health outcomes and associated factors among health care workers treating patients exposed to COVID-19 in China.</p><h3>Design, Settings, and Participants</h3><p>This cross-sectional, survey-based, region-stratified study collected demographic data and mental health measurements from 1257 health care workers in 34 hospitals from January 29, 2020, to February 3, 2020, in China. Health care workers in hospitals equipped with fever clinics or wards for patients with COVID-19 were eligible.</p><h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3><p>The degree of symptoms of depression, anxiety, insomnia, and distress was assessed by the Chinese versions of the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire, the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale, the 7-item Insomnia Severity Index, and the 22-item Impact of Event Scale–Revised, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with mental health outcomes.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 1257 of 1830 contacted individuals completed the survey, with a participation rate of 68.7%. A total of 813 (64.7%) were aged 26 to 40 years, and 964 (76.7%) were women. Of all participants, 764 (60.8%) were nurses, and 493 (39.2%) were physicians; 760 (60.5%) worked in hospitals in Wuhan, and 522 (41.5%) were frontline health care workers. A considerable proportion of participants reported symptoms of depression (634 [50.4%]), anxiety (560 [44.6%]), insomnia (427 [34.0%]), and distress (899 [71.5%]). Nurses, women, frontline health care workers, and those working in Wuhan, China, reported more severe degrees of all measurements of mental health symptoms than other health care workers (eg, median [IQR] Patient Health Questionnaire scores among physicians vs nurses: 4.0 [1.0-7.0] vs 5.0 [2.0-8.0];<i>P</i> = .007; median [interquartile range {IQR}] Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale scores among men vs women: 2.0 [0-6.0] vs 4.0 [1.0-7.0];<i>P</i> &lt; .001; median [IQR] Insomnia Severity Index scores among frontline vs second-line workers: 6.0 [2.0-11.0] vs 4.0 [1.0-8.0];<i>P</i> &lt; .001; median [IQR] Impact of Event Scale–Revised scores among those in Wuhan vs those in Hubei outside Wuhan and those outside Hubei: 21.0 [8.5-34.5] vs 18.0 [6.0-28.0] in Hubei outside Wuhan and 15.0 [4.0-26.0] outside Hubei;<i>P</i> &lt; .001). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed participants from outside Hubei province were associated with lower risk of experiencing symptoms of distress compared with those in Wuhan (odds ratio [OR], 0.62; 95% CI, 0.43-0.88;<i>P</i> = .008). Frontline health care workers engaged in direct diagnosis, treatment, and care of patients with COVID-19 were associated with a higher risk of symptoms of depression (OR, 1.52; 95% CI, 1.11-2.09;<i>P</i> = .01), anxiety (OR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.22-2.02;<i>P</i> &lt; .001), insomnia (OR, 2.97; 95% CI, 1.92-4.60;<i>P</i> &lt; .001), and distress (OR, 1.60; 95% CI, 1.25-2.04;<i>P</i> &lt; .001).</p><h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3><p>In this survey of heath care workers in hospitals equipped with fever clinics or wards for patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan and other regions in China, participants reported experiencing psychological burden, especially nurses, women, those in Wuhan, and frontline health care workers directly engaged in the diagnosis, treatment, and care for patients with COVID-19.</p>
JO  - JAMA Network Open
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 3
IS  - 3
PG  - e203976-e203976
SP  - e203976
EP  - e203976
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.3976
UR  - https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2763229
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - COVID-19: protecting health-care workers
AU  - Lancet, The
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 
PG  - 922-922
SP  - 922
EP  - 922
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30644-9
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Should biologics for psoriasis be interrupted in the era of COVID-19?
AU  - Lebwohl, Mark
AU  - Rivera-Oyola, Ryan
AU  - Murrell, Dedee F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.03.031
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Aerosol formation during non-contact &quot;air-puff&quot; tonometry and its significance for prevention of COVID-19
AU  - LI, Chunchun
AU  - TANG, Yuan
AU  - CHEN, Zhangyan
AU  - WANG, Aisun
AU  - HUANG, Xiaoqiong
AU  - CHEN, Yanyan
AU  - QU, Jia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - To evaluate the aerosol concentration(PM2.5,PM10.0 and aerosol particle number) formation in non-contact &quot;air-puff&quot; tonometry and provide suggestions for medical workers to take appropriate daily protection during the prevalence of 2019-nCoV.;;Methods;A cross-sectional study was carried out in this study. Thirty healthy subjects were enrolled on February 22, 2020 at Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University. The intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured by non-contact &quot;air-puff&quot; tonometer in the ophthalmic consulting room and the hall with or without masks. PM2.5, PM10.0 and aerosol particles were recorded by air quality detector. The cumulative effects of IOP measurement, PM2.5, PM10.0 and aerosol particle number were analyzed, and the aerosol density of subjects with and without masks was compared.;;Results;The PM2.5, PM10.0 and aerosol particles produced by the non-contact &quot;air-puff&quot; tonometry and increased with the increase of spray times. The IOP curves of 60 eyes of 30 subjects were measured respectively in two environments of medical consulting room and medical institution hall. It was found that PM2.5, pm10.0 and particle number fluctuated and increased with the increase of IOP measurement person times, showing cumulative effect, and the accumulation speed of aerosol density in hall was faster than that in consulting room. The density of PM2.5 and PM10.0 produced without gauze mask were (53.417&plusmn;2.306) and (85.350&plusmn; 3.488) &mu;g/m&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, which were higher than those of (50.567&plusmn;0.862) and (80.617&plusmn;1.463) &mu;g/m&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; with gauze mask. The differences were statistically significant (&lt;italic&gt;P&lt;/italic&gt;=0.028, 0.019).;;Conclusions;Aerosol can be produced by non-contact &quot;air-puff&quot; tonometer spraying, and it fluctuates with the increase of spraying times, showing a cumulative effect. The aerosol accumulation is higher in the hall with insufficient air circulation. And more aerosol can be produced without gauze mask. ;
JO  - Chinese Journal of Experimental Ophthalmology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 38
IS  - 0
PG  - E010-E010
SP  - E010
EP  - E010
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Updated approaches against SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Li, Haiou
AU  - Zhou, Yunjiao
AU  - Zhang, Meng
AU  - Wang, Haizhou
AU  - Zhao, Qiu
AU  - Liu, Jing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) lies behind the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). There is a growing understanding of SARS-CoV-2 in the virology, epidemiology and clinical management strategies. However, no anti-SARS-CoV-2 drug or vaccine has been officially approved due to the absence of adequate evidence. Scientists are racing towards the development of treatment for COVID-19. Recent studies have revealed many attractive threptic options, even if some of them remain to be further confirmed in rigorous preclinical models and clinical trials. In this minireview, we aim to summarize the updated potential approaches against SARS-CoV-2. We emphasize that further efforts are warranted to develop the safest and most effective approach.</p>
JO  - Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1128/AAC.00483-20
UR  - http://aac.asm.org/lookup/doi/10.1128/AAC.00483-20
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chemotherapy strategy for colorectal cancer under the outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - LI, Yanhao
AU  - SHEN, Lin
AU  - LI, Jian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) makes the medical treatment of colorectal cancers difficult. Cancer patients are more susceptible to infection and tumor history is defined as an important factor of poor prognosis, which challenges both doctors and patients. For metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, maintenance therapy is the optimal choice. The patients with tumor progression or poor biological behaviorshould receive or or continue combination chemotherapy. Adjuvant chemotherapy should reduce the intensity of treatment and shorten the therapy time. Fever patients during chemotherapy need to receive differential diagnosis and screening according to national standards. Patients with stable diseases and good general conditions may delay imaging examination.. Clinicians should make individual clinical decisions based on the specifics of each patient durding epidemic situation.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 23
IS  - 0
PG  - E004-E004
SP  - E004
EP  - E004
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A survey on awareness of digestive system injury caused by corona virus disease 2019 in gastroenterologists
AU  - LIU, Hui
AU  - WANG, Bin
AU  - LIU, Kaijun
AU  - WEN, Liangzhi
AU  - WANG, Xingwei
AU  - LI, Qin
AU  - ZHANG, Huiru
AU  - CHEN, Dongfeng
AU  - WEI, Yanling
AU  - CUI, Hongli
AU  - ZHANG, Yanmei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - To investigate awareness of digestive system injury caused by corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in gastroenterologists.;;Methods;From February 21 to 23 in 2020, the electronic questionnaire was sent out to explore the condition of the basic knowledge of COVID-19 and knowledge of digestive system injury caused by COVID-19 grasped by gastroenterologists. Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis.;;Results;A total of 2 216 gastroenterologists from 31 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities nationwide completed the survey. 99.7% (2 209/2 216) of gastroenterologists stated that they had read the COVID-19 diagnosis and treatment guidelines. The percentage of physicians who well knew the diagnostic criteria of suspected and confirmed cases of COVID-19 was 34.9% (774/2 216) and 39.4% (874/2 216), respectively. The percentage of physician who gave the right answer of COVID-19 detectable methods and lung imaging was 68.4% (1 516/2 216) and 71.6% (1 586/2 216), respectively. The percentage of correct answer of digestive system injury caused by COVID-19 in residents, attending physicians, associate chief physicians and chief physicians was 30.9% (134/433), 33.9% (234/691), 32.4% (213/657) and 34.9% (152/435), respectively, however there were no statistically significant differences among physicians of different level (&chi;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;=6.60, &lt;italic&gt;P&lt;/italic&gt;&gt; 0.05). 95.6% (2 119/2 216) of gastroenterologists believed that probiotics could effectively improve bowel function, and 94.0% (2 082/2 216) of gastroenterologists considered that enteral nutrition support could improve patients&rsquo; prognosis.;;Conclusions;The knowledge and dynamic progress of the digestive system injury caused of COVID-19 are still insufficiently grasped by gastroenterologists in China. So it is necessary to carry out systematic and pertinent training for them. ;
JO  - Chinese Journal of Digestion
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 40
IS  - 0
PG  - E007-E007
SP  - E007
EP  - E007
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Analysis on epidemic situation and spatiotemporal changes of COVID-19 in Anhui
AU  - LIU, Meng
AU  - XU, Honglv
AU  - YUAN, Min
AU  - LIU, Zhirong
AU  - WU, Xiaoyan
AU  - ZHANG, Yi
AU  - MA, Liya
AU  - GONG, Lei
AU  - GAN, Hong
AU  - ZONG, Qiao
AU  - TAO, Shuman
AU  - LIU, Wenwen
AU  - DU, Yanan
AU  - TAO, Fangbiao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We used the epidemic data of COVID-19 published on the official website of the municipal health commission in Anhui province. We mapped the spatiotemporal changes of confirmed cases, fitted the epidemic situation by the population growth curve at different stages and took statistical description and analysis of the epidemic situation in Anhui province. It was found that the cumulative incidence of COVID-19 was 156/100 000 by February 18, 2020 and the trend of COVID-19 epidemic declined after February 7, changing from J curve to S curve. The actual number of new cases began to decrease from February 2 to February 4 due to the time of case report and actual onset delayed by 3 to 5 days.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 0
PG  - E019-E019
SP  - E019
EP  - E019
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Promising methods for detection of novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Liu, Ran
AU  - Fu, Aisi
AU  - Deng, Zixin
AU  - Li, Yan
AU  - Liu, Tiangang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract A very recent outbreak of the novel coronavirus, COVID-19, in the city of Wuhan, China, in December 2019 and its subsequent spread within and across China have resulted in several deaths and infections. Presently, nucleic acid amplification test is essential for the confirmation of COVID infection. In this report, we summarized the six promising methods, including whole-genome sequencing, real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, nanopore target sequencing, antibody-based immunoassay techniques, use of paper-based biomolecular sensors, and the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-Cas system-based technology, which can also be deployed for the detection of SARS-CoV-2. We further introduced the principles of these methods, discussed the scope and practicability of application of the available products and methods, and highlighted the potential approaches to develop additional products and techniques for early diagnosis of COVID-19.
JO  - View
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 1
IS  - 1
PG  - e4-e4
SP  - e4
EP  - e4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/viw2.4
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/viw2.4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Viral dynamics in mild and severe cases of COVID-19
AU  - Liu, Yang
AU  - Yan, Li-Meng
AU  - Wan, Lagen
AU  - Xiang, Tian-Xin
AU  - Le, Aiping
AU  - Liu, Jia-Ming
AU  - Peiris, Malik
AU  - Poon, Leo L. M.
AU  - Zhang, Wei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30232-2
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Systematic review of COVID-19 in children show milder cases and a better prognosis than adults
AU  - Ludvigsson, Jonas F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Aim The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected hundreds of thousands of people. Data on symptoms and prognoses in children are rare. Methods A systematic literature review was carried out to identify papers on COVID-19, which is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), using the Medline and EMBASE databases between 1 January and 18 March 2020. Results The search identified 45 relevant scientific papers and letters. The review showed that children have so far accounted for 1-5% of diagnosed COVID-19 cases, they often have milder disease than adults and deaths have been extremely rare. Diagnostic findings have been similar to adults, with fever and respiratory symptoms being prevalent, but fewer children seem to have developed severe pneumonia. Elevated inflammatory markers were less common in children and lymphocytopenia seemed rare. Newborn infants have developed symptomatic COVID-19, but evidence of vertical intrauterine transmission was scarce. Suggested treatment included providing oxygen, inhalations, nutritional support and maintaining fluids and electrolyte balances. Conclusions COVID-19 has occurred in children, but they seemed to have a milder disease course and better prognoses than adults. Deaths were extremely rare.
JO  - Acta Paediatrica
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/apa.15270
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/apa.15270
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recommendations for the regulation of medical practices of burn treatment during the outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019
AU  - MA, Siyuan
AU  - YUAN, Zhiqiang
AU  - PENG, Yizhi
AU  - LUO, Qizhi
AU  - SONG, Huapei
AU  - XIANG, Fei
AU  - TAN, Jianglin
AU  - ZHOU, Junyi
AU  - LI, Ning
AU  - HU, Gaozhong
AU  - LUO, Gaoxing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) is one of the beta coronaviruses and was identified as the pathogen of the severe &quot;coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)&quot; in 2019. China has formally included the 2019-nCoV in the statutory notification and control system for infectious diseases according to the &lt;italic&gt;Law of the People&amp;apos;s Republic of China on the Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Diseases&lt;/italic&gt;. Currently, the national defending actions on the 2019-nCoV in China is in a critical period. Burn Department is also confronted with risk of infection by the 2019-nCoV. According to&lt;italic&gt; the guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 (6&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; trial edition)&lt;/italic&gt;, the latest relative literature at home and abroad, the features of the COVID-19, recommendations for the COVID-19 prevention and control issued by the National Health Commission of China, and management experience of diagnosis and treatment in the related disciplines, we put forward recommendations for the medical practices of burn treatment during the outbreak of the COVID-19 in outpatient and emergency treatment, inpatient treatment, operation and ward management, etc. We hope these recommendations could benefit the professionals of the same occupation as us and related hospital managers, improve the treatment of burn during the outbreak of the COVID-19, and avoid or reduce the risk of infection of medical staff .
JO  - Chinese Journal of Burns
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 36
IS  - 0
PG  - E004-E004
SP  - E004
EP  - E004
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The impending storm: COVID-19, pandemics and our overwhelmed emergency departments
AU  - Mareiniss, Darren P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Previously, I have written about the national crisis in emergency care [1]. As many of us know, emergency departments (EDs) are being overwhelmed by untenable patient volumes and care requirements. As my prior article titled “A Brewing Storm: Our Overwhelmed Emergency Departments” noted, this problem has been well known for many years and, yet, generally ignored by the lay press and public [1]. In 2006, fourteen years ago, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) warned of this in a report titled “Hospital-Based Emergency Care: At the Breaking Point.” In that report, the IOM noted that EDs were already overwhelmed and that our patient visits per year were significantly increasing [2]. The report stated that patient visits from 1993 to 2003 had grown from 90.3 million per year to 113.9 million per year [2]. Also, the number of EDs had actually decreased and the patients being seen were reportedly sicker [2]. Disaster preparedness was a significant concern and the report noted that most city hospitals were operating at or near capacity and even a multiple car crash would create havoc in most of these EDs [2]. In the years since that report, our volumes have continued to climb. In 2017, a National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care survey reported ED patient visits reached over 138 million in that year [3]. That was a 21% increase from 113.9 million visits in 2003 and an average annual growth of 1.7% per year. That number represents 42.8% of the entire U.S. population of 329 million [4]. These high volumes and the resulting crowding in the ED do and continue to compromise care. Of note, prior studies have shown that ED crowding is linked to increased patient mortality, decreased patient satisfaction and treatment delays [[5], [6], [7]]. In addition to the daily crowding issues, U.S. disaster preparedness is currently in poor condition. The ED is the frontline medical response to any disaster and, yet, it is already stretched to its limit. Currently, one of the federal government's strategies to deal with a potentially overwhelming catastrophic disaster that outstrips resources is to engage in “crisis standards of care” [8,9]. That is, if overwhelmed, the federal government has advised states to create guidelines for hospitals to allocate scarce resources to save the greatest number of lives [8,9]. Such strategies are to be utilized in only the most dire of situations (e.g., severe pandemic, catastrophic event) in which medical resources are completely outstripped. Our current problem with ED volumes predisposes the system to cross this threshold during a disaster.[truncated]
JO  - The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.03.033
UR  - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0735675720301753
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Doctors and Healthcare Workers at Frontline of Covid 19 Epidemic: Admiration, A Pat on the Back, and Need for Extreme Caution
AU  - Misra, Anoop
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Dr Li Wenliang (China), an ophthalmologist in Wuhan General Hospital, was a hero in more ways than one. He was first to warn about possible outbreak of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) like illness (later termed as Coronavirus Disease-2019 or Covid-19), faced opposition from authorities, and later died on 7th February 2020 after treating patients of Covid-19 admitted in intensive Care Unit (ICU). As I write this, 40 days later, Pandemic is raging, and other doctors have died or are critically sick (1). But all is not bad news, heroic efforts doctors in Wuhan have contained the epidemic, permitting many physicians to leave this virus-ravaged city for the first time, but not before posing for a picture in which they are all cheering in complete personal protection equipment (PPE, see figure 1) (2).
JO  - Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.dsx.2020.03.006
UR  - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1871402120300461
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Use of antiviral drugs to reduce COVID-19 transmission
AU  - Mitjà, Oriol
AU  - Clotet, Bonaventura
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30114-5
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Is There a Role for Tissue Plasminogen Activator (tPA) as a Novel Treatment for Refractory COVID-19 Associated Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)?
AU  - Moore, Hunter B.
AU  - Barrett, Christopher D.
AU  - Moore, Ernest E.
AU  - McIntyre, Robert C.
AU  - Moore, Peter K.
AU  - Talmor, Daniel S.
AU  - Moore, Frederick A.
AU  - Yaffe, Michael B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Publish Ahead of Print
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 01586154-900000000-97967
DO  - 10.1097/ta.0000000000002694
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/jtrauma/Fulltext/publishahead/Is_There_a_Role_for_Tissue_Plasminogen_Activator.97967.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Public Health Responses to COVID-19 Outbreaks on Cruise Ships — Worldwide, February–March 2020
AU  - Moriarty LF, Plucinski MM, Marston BJ, et al., Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - What is already known about this topic? Cruise ships are often settings for outbreaks of infectious diseases because of their closed environment and contact between travelers from many countries. What is added by this report? More than 800 cases of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases occurred during outbreaks on three cruise ship voyages, and cases linked to several additional cruises have been reported across the United States. Transmission occurred across multiple voyages from ship to ship by crew members; both crew members and passengers were affected; 10 deaths associated with cruise ships have been reported to date. What are the implications for public health practice? Outbreaks of COVID-19 on cruise ships pose a risk for rapid spread of disease beyond the voyage. Aggressive efforts are required to contain spread. All persons should defer all cruise travel worldwide during the COVID-19 pandemic.
JO  - Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6912e3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Retrospective study of low-to-moderate dose glucocorticoids on viral clearance in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - NI, Qin
AU  - DING, Cheng
AU  - LI, Yongtao
AU  - ZHAO, Hong
AU  - LIU, Jun
AU  - ZHANG, Xuan
AU  - CHEN, Yanfei
AU  - GUO, Yongzheng
AU  - YU, Liang
AU  - JU, Hongzhen
AU  - TAO, Jingjing
AU  - YI, Ping
AU  - LANG, Guanjing
AU  - SU, Junwei
AU  - SHI, Ding
AU  - WU, Wenrui
AU  - WU, Xiaoxin
AU  - YU, Ling
AU  - SHENG, Jifang
AU  - XU, Kaijin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - To study the effect of&nbsp;low-to-moderate dose glucocorticoid therapy on viral clearance time in patients with COVID-19.;;Methods;A total of 72 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 from January 19 to February 17, 2020 at the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University were recruited. All patients received oral abidol and/or combined lopinavir/ritonavir, darunavir antiviral, and symptomatic supportive care. Among them, 51 patients received methylprednisolone (0.75-1.50 mg&middot;kg&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;&middot;d&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;) (glucocorticoid treatment group), and 21 patients who did not use glucocorticoid were the control group. The time of stable virologic conversion insputumand the time of radiologic recovery in lungsince onset were compared between the two groups and among the normal patients.The Kruskal-Wallis test or Fisher exact test was used to compare the difference between groups.;;Results;The median ages of the glucocorticoid group and the control group were 52 [interquartile range (IQR):45, 62] years and 46 (IQR: 32, 56)years, and the differences were significant (&lt;italic&gt;P&lt;/italic&gt;&lt;0.05). The clinical conditions at hospital admission were different between the two groups (&lt;italic&gt;P&lt;/italic&gt;&lt;0.01). There were 52.0% critical ill patients in the glucocorticoid treatment group, compared to that of 71.4% normal patients in the control group. The median times from the onset tostable virologic conversion to negative in the two groups were 15 (IQR:13,20) days and 14 (IQR:12,20) days (&lt;italic&gt;P&lt;/italic&gt;&gt;0.05), and the difference was no statistically significant. The median times from onset to radiologic recovery were 13 (IQR: 11,15) days and 13 (IQR:12,17) days in the two groups, and there was no difference (&lt;italic&gt;P&lt;/italic&gt;&gt;0.05). In ordinary patients, the median timesfrom the onset tostable virologic conversion insputum were no difference (&lt;italic&gt;P&lt;/italic&gt;&gt;0.05), with 13 (IQR:11,18) days in the glucocorticoid group and 13 (IQR:12,15) days in the control group; The median times from onset to radiologic recovery in lungwere also no difference (&lt;italic&gt;P&lt;/italic&gt;&gt;0.05), with 12 (IQR: 10,15)days in the glucocorticoid group and 13 (IQR: 12,17) days inthe control group.;;Conclusions;Low-to-moderate glucocorticoid treatment has no effect on the time of virus clearance in patients with different clinical types of COVID-19. The glucocorticoid is not recommended since no effectiveness on accelerating the improvement of radiologic recovery in lung has been observed. ;
JO  - Chinese Journal of Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 13
IS  - 0
PG  - E009-E009
SP  - E009
EP  - E009
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - First Pediatric Case of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Korea
AU  - PARK, Ji Young
AU  - HAN, Mi Seon
AU  - PARK, Kyoung Un
AU  - KIM, Ji Young
AU  - CHOI, Eun Hwa
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The large outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) that started in Wuhan, China has now spread to many countries worldwide. Current epidemiologic knowledge suggests that relatively few cases are seen among children, which limits opportunities to address pediatric specific issues on infection control and the children's contribution to viral spread in the community. Here, we report the first pediatric case of COVID-19 in Korea. The 10-year-old girl was a close contact of her uncle and her mother who were confirmed to have COVID-19. In this report, we present mild clinical course of her pneumonia that did not require antiviral treatment and serial viral test results from multiple specimens. Lastly, we raise concerns on the optimal strategy of self-quarantine and patient care in a negative isolation room for children.
JO  - Journal of Korean Medical Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 35
IS  - 11
PG  - 124-
SP  - 124
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19 mass testing facilities could end the epidemic rapidly
AU  - Peto, Julian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In Editor’s Choice of 19 March Godlee mentions the urgent need for increased capacity to test frontline healthcare workers serologically to verify their immunity to the covid-19 virus.[1] Even more urgent is capacity for weekly viral detection in the whole UK population. This, together with intensive contact tracing, could enable the country to resume normal life immediately. The virus could only survive in those who are untested, and contact tracing would often lead to them. Within the tested population anyone infected would be detected within about a week (0 to 7 days plus sample transport and testing) of becoming infectious. Centrally organised facilities with the capacity to test the entire UK population weekly (in 6 days at 10 million tests per …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1163-m1163
SP  - m1163
EP  - m1163
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1163
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1163
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Infection with SARS-CoV-2 in pregnancy. Information and proposed care. CNGOF.]
AU  - Peyronnet, Violaine
AU  - Sibiude, Jeanne
AU  - Deruelle, Philippe
AU  - Huissoud, Cyril
AU  - Lescure, Xavier
AU  - Lucet, Jean-Christophe
AU  - Mandelbrot, Laurent
AU  - Nisand, Israel
AU  - Vayssière, Christophe
AU  - Yazpandanah, Yazdan
AU  - Luton, Dominique
AU  - Picone, Olivier
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) highlighted at the end of 2019 in China is spreading across all continents. Most often at the origin of a mild infectious syndrome, associating mild symptoms (fever, cough, myalgia, headache and possible digestive disorders) to different degrees, SARS-Covid-2 can cause serious pulmonary pathologies and sometimes death.Data on the consequences during pregnancy are limited. The first Chinese data published seem to show that the symptoms in pregnant women are the same as those of the general population. There are no cases of intrauterine maternal-fetal transmission, but cases of newborns infected early suggest that there could be vertical perpartum or neonatal transmission. Induced prematurity and cases of respiratory distress in newborns of infected mothers have been described.Pregnancy is known as a period at higher risk for the consequences of respiratory infections, as for influenza, so it seems important to screen for Covid-19 in the presence of symptoms and to monitor closely pregnant women.In this context of the SARS-Covid-2 epidemic, the societies of gynecology-obstetrics, infectious diseases and neonatalogy have proposed a French protocol for the management of possible and proven cases of SARS-Covid-2 in pregnant women. These proposals may evolve on a daily basis with the advancement of the epidemic and knowledge in pregnant women. Subsequently, an in-depth analysis of cases in pregnant women will be necessary in order to improve knowledge on the subject.
JO  - Gynecologie, obstetrique, fertilite & senologie
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.gofs.2020.03.014
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Public practice，attitude and knowledge of coronavirus disease
AU  - Qi, Ye
AU  - CHEN, Liu-huan
AU  - ZHANG, Li
AU  - YANG, Ying⁃ying
AU  - ZHAN, Si⁃yi
AU  - FU, Chuan⁃xi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To analyze the status of knowledge; attitude and practice of the coronavirus disease;COVID-19;among the adults of 59 years old in China; and to provide scientific basis for corresponding health education strategies. Methods In the rapid development phrase of COVID-19; subjects from all provinces or municipalities of China were invited to participate in a quick questionnaire online survey on January 29th;2020. Results The effective response rate of completing questionnaire was 97.41%;3 083/3 165;. 98.54% of the subjects reported that they were very terrified. The main reasons included the high contagion;64.71%;and lack of effective treatments;19.92%; 94.45% of the subjects were concerned that they and their family members would be infected by the novel coronavirus. 99.42% knew that the virus could be transmitted from person to person; 97.89% and 93.87% knew that it could spread through respiratory tract and contact respectively;97.73% knew that patients without symptom could also be contagious;96.37% knew that persons in close contact to COVID-19 patient were required to be quarantined for at least 14 days of medical observation. 99.09% knew that the pathogen of this disease was novel coronavirus. 65.46% knew that both medical protective masks and surgical masks could prevent COVID-19 effectively. 99.68% had confidence in defeating COVID-19; and 85.86% believed that COVID-19 would be controlled within the next 3 months. Study subjects mainly obtained health information through WeChat 97%; or websites 82.06%. The proportions of the subjects who can cover mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing; avoid hand contacting with eyes; mouth or nose; practice hand hygiene; wear masks outside; avoid exposure to respiratory patients; and avoid the crowded were 89.85%; 85.44%; 95.13%; 96.89%; 92.18% and 96.27; respectively. Multivariate Logistic analysis showed that gender; OR=0.544; 95%CI; 0.440; 0.673; P&lt;0.001; age;OR=1.844;95%CI;1.466;2.320; P&lt;0.001;recognition; OR=2.200;95% CI;1.780 ; 2.718;P&lt;0.001; were associated with those good behaviors. Conclusion After the happened; the government and society&prime;s vigorous publicity to the public achieved good results. The public are highly concerned and have a high awareness of the knowledge of COVID-19. They adopt protective measures proactively. Females; middle taged; and individuals with insufficient recognition are likely under;protected. In the different epidemic stages of the emerging infectious disease;health education should be carried out to the public based on scientific evidences.
JO  - Journal of Tropical Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 20
IS  - 02
PG  - 145-149
SP  - 145
EP  - 149
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Experts’ conservative judgment and containment of COVID-19 in early outbreak
AU  - Qi, Ye
AU  - Du, Coco Dijia
AU  - Liu, Tianle
AU  - Zhao, Xiaofan
AU  - Dong, Changgui
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Chinese Governance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-20
SP  - 1
EP  - 20
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/23812346.2020.1741240
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/23812346.2020.1741240
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and coronavirus disease 2019
AU  - Qi, ZhongTian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been confirmed as the etiological pathogen of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). SARS-CoV-2 is the seventh member of coronavirus family that can infect humans after the emergence of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). SARS-CoV-2 is a single-stranded, positive-sense RNA virus. Due to its strong infectiousness and the lack of immunity in humans, the epidemic of the COVID-19 is still spreading. On January 30, 2020 (local time), the World Health Organization (WHO) defined the epidemics of SARS-CoV-2-infected pneumonia as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC). This paper reviews the etiology and pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2, and the detection and diagnosis, prevention and control, as well as the treatment of COVID-19.
JO  - Academic Journal of Second Military Medical University
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 2
PG  - 117-121
SP  - 117
EP  - 121
AN  - 
DO  - 10.16781/j.0258-879x.2020.02.0117
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Predicting the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) utilizing capability as the receptor of SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Qiu, Ye
AU  - Zhao, Yuan-Bo
AU  - Wang, Qiong
AU  - Li, Jin-Yan
AU  - Zhou, Zhi-Jian
AU  - Liao, Ce-Heng
AU  - Ge, Xing-Yi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - SARS-CoV-2, the newly identified human coronavirus causing severe pneumonia epidemic, was probably originated from Chinese horseshoe bats. However, direct transmission of the virus from bats to humans is unlikely due to lack of direct contact, implying the existence of unknown intermediate hosts. Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is the receptor of SARS-CoV-2, but only ACE2s of certain species can be utilized by SARS-CoV-2. Here, we evaluated and ranked the receptor-utilizing capability of ACE2s from various species by phylogenetic clustering and sequence alignment with the currently known ACE2s utilized by SARS-CoV-2. As a result, we predicted that SARS-CoV-2 tends to utilize ACE2s of various mammals, except murines, and some birds, such as pigeon. This prediction may help to screen the intermediate hosts of SARS-CoV-2.
JO  - Microbes and infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.micinf.2020.03.003
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Global coronavirus pandemic (2019-nCOV): Implication for an Italian medium size dermatological clinic of a ii level hospital
AU  - Radi, G.
AU  - Diotallevi, F.
AU  - Campanati, A.
AU  - Offidani, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract On December 31, 2019, from the Chinese city of Wuhan, Hubei, comes the first case of 'atypcal ARDS/ interstitial pneumonia'. On February 11, 2020 the WHO officially announced the new name of the pathology associated with the coronavirus: COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019). On February 13, 72000 cases have been recorded in China, of which 15000 in Hubei with 242 deaths in a single day. For this reason China put in place drastic containment measures for the virus spreading.
JO  - Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jdv.16386
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.16386
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Proposal for detection of 2019-nCoV nucleic acid in clinical laboratories
AU  - TONG, Yongqing
AU  - WANG, Ming
AU  - XU, Wanzhou
AU  - QIAO, Bin
AU  - ZHENG, Hongyun
AU  - MEI, Siqing
AU  - HE, Xiaoyun
AU  - ZHANG, Pingan
AU  - LI, Yan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December, the outbreak of a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in Wuhan, China, has attracted extensive global attention. On January 20, 2020,the Chinese health authorities upgraded the coronavirus to a Class B infectious disease in &lt;italic&gt;the Law of the People&amp;apos;s Republic of China on the Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Diseases&lt;/italic&gt;, and considered it as Class A infectious diseases in disease control and prevention. On January 22, 2020, the 2019-nCoV nucleic acid detection test was listed as the diagnostic criteria in the &quot;guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of pneumonia due to 2019-nCoV (Trial Version 2)&quot; . Therefore, standardizing the operation process of the 2019-nCoV nucleic acid detection in clinical laboratories has become a top priority. It is of paramount importance to establish standard protocols for detection of the 2019-nCoV nucleic acids in clinical laboratories to improve the reliability of the results and ensure the biosafety of laboratory personnel.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Laboratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 0
PG  - E003-E003
SP  - E003
EP  - E003
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - On Global Power Differentials, Moral Realism, and the Rise of China: A Review Essay
AU  - Trigkas, Vasilis
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Contemporary China
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-14
SP  - 1
EP  - 14
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/10670564.2020.1744392
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/10670564.2020.1744392
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Toughest Triage — Allocating Ventilators in a Pandemic
AU  - Truog, Robert D.
AU  - Mitchell, Christine
AU  - Daley, George Q.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The Toughest Triage Of all the medical care that will have to be rationed during the Covid-19 pandemic, the most problematic will be mechanical ventilation. One strategy for avoiding debilitating d...
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - NEJMp2005689-NEJMp2005689
SP  - NEJMp2005689
EP  - NEJMp2005689
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMp2005689
UR  - http://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMp2005689
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Estimation of COVID-19 outbreak size in Italy
AU  - Tuite, Ashleigh R.
AU  - Ng, Victoria
AU  - Rees, Erin
AU  - Fisman, David
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30227-9
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19 escalates
AU  - Vaughan, Adam
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - WHO calls for more testing as countries worldwide bring in strict measures to slow new coronavirus's spread, reports Adam Vaughan
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 245
IS  - 3274
PG  - 7-7
SP  - 7
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30569-8
UR  - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0262407920305698
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Can a century-old TB vaccine steel the immune system against the new coronavirus?
AU  - Vrieze, Jop de
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Researchers in four countries will soon start a clinical trial of an unorthodox approach to the new coronavirus. They will test whether a century-old vaccine against tuberculosis (TB), a bacterial disease, can rev up the human immune system in a broad way, allowing it to better fight the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 and, perhaps, prevent infection with it altogether. The studies will be done in physicians and nurses, who are at higher risk of becoming infected with the respiratory disease than the general population, and in the elderly, who are at higher risk of serious illness if they become infected.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb8297
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/03/can-century-old-tb-vaccine-steel-immune-system-against-new-coronavirus
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Analysis of clinical features of 153 patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia in Chongqing
AU  - WAN, Qiu
AU  - SHI, Anqi
AU  - HE, Ting
AU  - TANG, Lixin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - To analyze the clinical data of 153 patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) in chongqing ,and provide reference and thinking for the diagnosis and treatment.;;Methods;Analyze the clinical data, laboratory examination and chest imaging characteristics of 153 COVID-19 patients in Chongqing Public Health Medical Center from January 26 to February 5, 2020. According to the relevant diagnostic criteria ,patients were divided into non-severe group(n=132) and severe group(n=21),and analyze the correlation between serum index changes and disease severity.;;Results;Combined with diabetes and chronic respiratory diseases, the severity of the disease was statistically significant (&lt;italic&gt;&chi;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/italic&gt;=11.04&#21644;6.94, &lt;italic&gt;P&lt;/italic&gt;&lt;0.05). No symptoms were found in patients with mild illness (&lt;italic&gt;&chi;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/italic&gt;=4.09, &lt;italic&gt;P&lt;/italic&gt;&lt;0.05) .The proportion of fever and muscle soreness in the severe group was higher than that in the non-severe group (&lt;italic&gt;&chi;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/italic&gt;=4.40 and 22.67,&lt;italic&gt;P&lt;/italic&gt;&lt;0.05).Among the concomitant symptoms, the proportion of cough and shortness of breath in the severe group was higher than that in the non-severe group (&lt;italic&gt;&chi;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/italic&gt;=8.46 and 4.80,&lt;italic&gt;P&lt;/italic&gt;&lt;0.05).C-reactive protein and d-dimer were higher in the severe group than in the non-severe group (&lt;italic&gt;t&lt;/italic&gt;=43.44 and 37.13, &lt;italic&gt;P&lt;/italic&gt;&lt;0.05), and the number of CD&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;T lymphocyte cells, CD&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;T lymphocyte cells and CD&lt;sub&gt;8&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;T lymphocyte cells in the severe group was lower than that in the non-severe group (Z=27.25, 20.60 and 17.36, &lt;italic&gt;P&lt;/italic&gt;&lt;0.05).Compared with the non-severe group, both lungs and the right lung lower lobe were more susceptible to involved (&lt;italic&gt;&chi;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/italic&gt;=6.95&#21644;20.39, &lt;italic&gt;P&lt;/italic&gt;&lt;0.05) .;;Conclusion;Severity of COVID-19 was associated with underlying disease, symptoms, site of involvement, C-reactive protein, d-dimer, CD&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;T lymphocyte count, CD&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;T lymphocyte count, and CD&lt;sub&gt;8&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;T lymphocyte count.&nbsp; ;
JO  - Chinese Journal of Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 13
IS  - 0
PG  - E008-E008
SP  - E008
EP  - E008
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Procedures of health protection and control for COVID-19 during X-ray imaging examinations in Jiangsu province
AU  - WANG, Jin
AU  - ZHU, Baoli
AU  - YANG, Chunyong
AU  - CHEN, Wei
AU  - MA, Jiayi
AU  - YU, Ningle
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - X-ray imaging is an important method for the diagnosis of corona virus disease(COVID-19), but there is a risk of nosocomial infection during X-ray imaging diagnosis. By analyzing the process of X-ray imaging diagnosis and the possible infection factors in hospital, Jiangsu province took the lead in issuing the Guideline for the nosocomial infection prevention and control of X-ray imaging diagnosis of COVID-19. This guideline clarifies the basic requirements for controlling infections during X-ray imaging diagnosis, the specific measures for staff protection, disinfection of personnel and places, and the protection and disinfection of subjects, which is instructive for field work. It is worth noting that while focusing on controlling infections, the principle of optimal protection for medical exposure cannot be ignored.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Radiological Medicine and Protection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 40
IS  - 0
PG  - E005-E005
SP  - E005
EP  - E005
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Imaging manifestations and diagnostic value of chest CT of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the Xiaogan area
AU  - Wang, K.
AU  - Kang, S.
AU  - Tian, R.
AU  - Zhang, X.
AU  - Wang, Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Highlights • We summarized the imaging features of chest CT in patients of COVID-19 and to explore clinical diagnostic value of COVID-19. • The result showed that SPO2 and lymphocytes could reflect inflammation in the lungs to some extent. •
JO  - Clinical Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.crad.2020.03.004
UR  - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S000992602030088X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of 34 children with 2019 novel coronavirus infection in Shenzhen
AU  - WANG, Xianfeng
AU  - YUAN, Jing
AU  - ZHENG, Yuejie
AU  - CHEN, Jun
AU  - BAO, Yanmin
AU  - WANG, Yanrong
AU  - WANG, Lifei
AU  - LI, Hong
AU  - ZENG, Jiaxing
AU  - ZHANG, Yonghong
AU  - LIU, Yingxia
AU  - LIU, Lei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - To describe the characteristics of clinical manifestations and epidemiology of children with 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection.;;Methods;All 34 children with laboratory-confirmed 2019-nCoV infection by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCR through nasopharyngeal swab specimens were admitted to the Third People&rsquo;s Hospital of Shenzhen from January 19 to Febuary 7, 2020. Clinical data and epidemiological history of these patients were retrospectively collected and analyzed.;;Results;Among the 34 cases, 14 were males, and 20 were females. The median age was 8 years and 11 months. No patients had underlying diseases. There were 28 children (82%) related with a family cluster outbreak. There were 26 children (76%) with a travel or residence history in Hubei Province. These patients could be categorized into different clinical types, including 22 (65%) common cases, 9 (26%) mild cases and 3 (8.8%) asymptomatic cases. No severe or critical cases were identified. The most common symptoms were fever (17 cases, 50%) and cough (13 cases, 38% ). In the 34 cases, the white blood cell counts of 28 cases (82%) were normal. Five cases had white blood cell counts more than 10&times;10&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;/L. One case had white blood cell counts less than 4&times;10&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;/L. Neutropenia and lymphopenia was found in one case, respectively. C-reactive protein levels and erythrocyte sedimentation rates were elevated in 1 and 5 case, respectively. Elevated procalcitonin was found in 1 case and D-Dimer in 3 cases. The levels of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) were more than 400 U/L in 10 cases. The CT images of these patients showed bilateral multiple patchy or nodular ground-glass opacities and/or infiltrating shadows in middle and outer zone of the lung or under the pleura. Twenty patients were treated with lopinavir and ritonavir. Glucocorticoids and immunoglobulin were not used in any cases. All the cases improved and were discharged from hospital. Further following up was need.;;Conclusions;The clinical manifestations in children with 2019-nCoV infection are non-specific and are milder than that in adults. Chest CT scanning is heplful for early diagnosis. Children&amp;apos;s infection is mainly caused by family cluster outbreak and imported cases. Family daily prevention is the main way to prevent 2019-nCoV infection. ;
JO  - Chinese Journal of Pediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 58
IS  - 0
PG  - E008-E008
SP  - E008
EP  - E008
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemiological and clinical characteristics analysis of 30 childhood cases with 2019 novel coronavirus infection in Shenzhen
AU  - WANG, Yanrong
AU  - WANG, Xianfeng
AU  - YANG, Yang
AU  - LIU, Yingxia
AU  - LIU, Lei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objectives;To analyze the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of children with 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection in Shenzhen.;;Methods;The data of 30 children diagnosed with 2019-nCoV infection in the Third People&rsquo;s Hospital of Shenzhen from 16th January 2020 to 9th February 2020were collected.;;Results;Among the 30 children, 14 were boys and 16 were girls. There were 10 mild cases, 13 common cases and one severe case, and six cases with asymptomatic infection. The age ranged from 7 months to 18 years old with the median age of 7 years old. Twenty out of 30 cases (66.7%) were school children. The common clinical characteristics were fever (30.0%, 9/30) and cough (23.3%, 7/30). The body temperature waved below 37.5 &#8451;. Mostly the auscultations of the lungs were no rales and there was no extrapulmonary complication. A total number of one case had wheezes and hypoxia, and one case had diarrhea and vomiting. There was no critical and death case. There were 29 cases with travelling experience in Hubei province within two weeks, and 24 cases (80.0%) had relatives (parents or grandparents) diagnosed with 2019-nCoV infection. Elevated white blood cell counts (&#65125;12&times;10&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;/L), C reaction protein level, lactate dehydrogenase level and the low proportion of T help cells occurred in three, five, five and three cases, respectively. Some cases were coinfected with human respiratory syncytial virus, mycoplasma pneumonia, human herpesvirus, influenza B virus and rubella virus. The predominant pattern of computed tomography findings of childhood patients with 2019-nCoV infection presented with patchy film and ground-glass opacities in bilateral or unilateral lung. The median time for nucleic acid to turn negative was eight days among the enrolled cases. All the cases were cured and discharged home, and the days in hospital waved from 5 - 16 days (the median time was 12 days).;;Conclusions;The majority of the childhood cases are the school-age children with family cluster. Most cases present mild and common symptoms with good prognosis. Some patients may be complicated with multiple infections. ;
JO  - Chinese Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 38
IS  - 0
PG  - E012-E012
SP  - E012
EP  - E012
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Fight against coronavirus disease 2019: epidemic prevention and infection control in Naval medical team camps
AU  - Wei, Bo
AU  - Sheng, YueHong
AU  - Ni, LiuDa
AU  - Zhou, Quan
AU  - Wang, JunXue
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, many cases of pneumonia of unknown causes have been found in Wuhan and surrounding areas of Hubei Province, China. With the aggravation of the epidemic, on January 24, 2020, medical team of Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University) in Wuhan started emergency medical rescue. This medical rescue was not only a treatment war, but also an antiepidemic war. It is very important to have strict personal protection, disinfection and isolation measures and epidemic prevention in the camp, which are the precondition and guarantee to ensure zero infection of medical staff. In this paper, we introduce our measures and experience on epidemic prevention and infection control, such as personnel management and decontamination.
JO  - Academic Journal of Second Military Medical University
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 2
PG  - 191-193
SP  - 191
EP  - 193
AN  - 
DO  - 10.16781/j.0258-879x.2020.02.0191
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Early antiviral therapy of abidor combined with lopinavir/ritonavir and re-combinant interferon&#x03B1;-2b in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia in Zhejiang: A multicenter and prospective study
AU  - WEI, Runan
AU  - ZHENG, Nanhong
AU  - JIANG, Xiangao
AU  - MA, Chunlian
AU  - XU, Xiaowei
AU  - LIU, Shourong
AU  - CHEN, Yongping
AU  - XU, Kaijin
AU  - GAO, Hainv
AU  - ZHU, Jiansheng
AU  - SHU, Qiang
AU  - SHENG, Jifang
AU  - ZHANG, Xiaoqiang
AU  - LI, Minghui
AU  - ZHANG, Yan
AU  - MA, Mengjie
AU  - ZHANG, Xuan
AU  - LI, Shibo
AU  - WANG, Qiujing
AU  - YING, Lingjun
AU  - ZHANG, Yongjun
AU  - SHI, Yunzhen
AU  - FAN, Lingyan
AU  - YU, Wanjun
AU  - WANG, Huaying
AU  - SUN, Dandan
AU  - WANG, Xiaodong
AU  - SHI, Jichan
AU  - CHEN, Yinghu
AU  - XIE, Xinsheng
AU  - CHEN, Yunqing
AU  - WANG, Weihong
AU  - TONG, Zhaowei
AU  - TANG, Lingling
AU  - ZHU, Mengfei
AU  - ZHANG, Lingjian
AU  - LI, Lanjuan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Comparing the benefit of Abidor, lopinavir/ritonavir and recombinant interferon &alpha;-2b triple combination antiviral therapy and lopinavir/ritonavir and interferon dual combination antiviral therapy to hospitalized novel coronavirus pneumonia 2019 in Zhejiang province.;;Methods;A multi-center prospective study was carried out to compare the effect of triple combination antiviral therapy with dual combination antiviral therapy in 15 medical institutions of Zhejiang Province. All patients were treated with recombinant interferon &alpha;-2b (5 million U, 2 times/d) aerosol inhalation. 196 patients were treated with abidol (200 mg, 3 times/d) + lopinavir / ritonavir (2 tablets, 1 time/12 h) as the triple combination antiviral treatment group. 41 patients were treated with lopinavir / ritonavir (2 tablets, 1 time/12 h) as the dual combination antiviral treatment group. The patients who received triple combination antiviral therapy were divided into three groups: within 48 hours, 3-5 days and &gt; 5 days after the symptom onset. To explore the therapeutic effects of triple combination antiviral drugs and dual combination antiviral drugs, as well as triple combination antiviral drugs with different antiviral initiate time. SPSS17.0 software was used to analyze the data.;;Results;The time of virus nucleic acid turning negative was (12.2 &plusmn; 4.7) days in the triple combination antiviral drug group, which was shorter than that in the dual combination antiviral drug group [(15.0 &plusmn; 5.0) days] (&lt;italic&gt;t&lt;/italic&gt; = 6.159, &lt;italic&gt;P&lt;/italic&gt; &lt; 0.01 ). The length of hospital stay [12 (9, 17) d] in the triple combination antiviral drug group was also shorter than that in the dual combination antiviral drug group [15 (10, 18) d] (H = 2.073, P &lt; 0.05). Comparing the antiviral treatment which was started within 48 hours, 3-5 days and &gt; 5 days after the symptom onset of triple combination antiviral drug group, the time from the symptom onset to the negative of viral shedding was 13 (10,16.8), 17 (13,22) and 21 (18-24) days respectively (Z = 32.983, P &lt; 0.01), and the time from antiviral therapy to the negative of viral shedding was (11.8&plusmn;3.9) , (13.5&plusmn;5.1) and (11.2&plusmn;4.3) d. The differences among the three groups were statistically significant (Z=32.983 and 6.722, &lt;italic&gt;P&lt;/italic&gt;&lt;0.01 or&lt;0.05).;;Conclusions;The triple combination antiviral therapy of Abidor, Lopinavir/Litonavir and recombinant interferon &alpha;-2b showed shorter viral shedding time and hospitalization time compared with the dual combination antiviral therapy. The earlier the time to initiate triple antiviral treatment, the shorter the time of virus shedding. ;
JO  - Chinese Journal of Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 13
IS  - 0
PG  - E010-E010
SP  - E010
EP  - E010
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Fitting and forecasting the trend of COVID-19 by SEIR<sup>+ CAQ</sup> dynamic model
AU  - WEI, Yongyue
AU  - LU, Zhenzhen
AU  - DU, Zhicheng
AU  - ZHANG, Zhijie
AU  - ZHAO, Yang
AU  - SHEN, Sipeng
AU  - WANG, Bo
AU  - HAO, Yuantao
AU  - CHEN, Feng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objectives;Fitting and forecasting the trend of COVID-19 epidemics.;;Methods;Based on SEIR dynamic model, considering the COVID-19 transmission mechanism, infection spectrum and prevention and control procedures, we developed SEIR&lt;sup&gt;+ CAQ&lt;/sup&gt; dynamic model to fit the frequencies of laboratory confirmed cases obtained from the government official websites. The data from January 20, 2020 to February 7, 2020 were used to fit the model, while the left data between February 8-12 were used to evaluate the quality of forecasting.;;Results;According to the cumulative number of confirmed cases between January 29 to February 7, the fitting bias of SEIR&lt;sup&gt;+ CAQ&lt;/sup&gt; model for overall China (except for cases of Hubei province), Hubei province (except for cases of Wuhan city) and Wuhan city was less than 5%. For the data of subsequent 5 days between February 8 to 12, which were not included in the model fitting, the prediction biases were less than 10%. Regardless of the cases diagnosed by clinical examines, the numbers of daily emerging cases of China (Hubei province not included), Hubei Province (Wuhan city not included) and Wuhan city reached the peak in the early February. Under the current strength of prevention and control, the total number of laboratory- confirmed cases in overall China will reach 80 417 till February 29, 2020, respectively.;;Conclusions;The proposed SEIR&lt;sup&gt;+ CAQ&lt;/sup&gt; dynamic model fits and forecasts the trend of novel coronavirus pneumonia well and provides evidence for decision making. ;
JO  - Chinese Journal of Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 4
PG  - 470-475
SP  - 470
EP  - 475
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Betrachtung der Pandemie Phase 3 – „mitigation“ – vom Endpunkt Hospitalisation her
AU  - Weigl, Josef
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Die Phase 3 – „mitigation“ – der jetzigen Pandemie durch das SARS-CoV‑2 steht nun auch in Deutschland unmittelbar bevor. Da es aufgrund der hohen Komplexität sehr viel zu beachten gibt, ist Vereinfachung dringend geboten, nicht zuletzt auch, um den Fokus auf die wichtigen Dinge nicht aus den Augen zu verlieren. Die Phase 3 vom Endpunkt, und zwar der stationären Behandlung (Hospitalisation), her zu betrachten, soll den Blick auf die Einflussgrößen flussaufwärts schärfen. Auf der Grundlage einer simplifizierten Modellierung mit Hilfe von angenäherten und plausiblen Parametern für die Infektionsrate (attack rate), hier als AR(gesamt) bezeichnet, die Rate für eine stationäre Aufnahme – AR(stationär) und die Rate für eine intensivmedizinische Behandlung – AR(intensiv), werden als SOLL mit den verfügbaren Ressourcen, sprich Betten im allgemeinstationären und intensivmedizinischen Bereich, IST, verglichen. Die Berechnungen werden populations-bezogen je für den Landkreis Plön und die Metropolregion Kiel zusammen mit Kreis Plön ausgeführt. Da in den bisherigen Kohorten die Prozentsätze der notwendigen Maßnahmen überschätzt werden, sollte eine deutlich niedrigere AR(stationär) und AR(intensiv) zu erwarten sein. Eine AR(stationär) von 10 % wäre für den Flächenkreis Plön nicht abzubilden, eine mit 5 % sehr wohl. In der regionalen Betrachtung mit dem Universitätsklinikum SH, Standort Kiel, lässt sich sogar eine AR(stationär) von bis zu 10 % abbilden, insbesondere auch eine AR(intensiv) von 3 %. Allerdings ist die Anflutungsgeschwindigkeit von den epidemiologischen Gegenmaßnahmen und dem Einweisungsverhalten abhängig. Die verfügbare Bettenanzahl wird von der freigemachten Bettenzahl und der Liegedauer bestimmt; letztere von Alter und Vorerkrankungen der Patienten. Ein Systemversagen sollte durch Klarheit über die entscheidenden Parameter und ihrer Einflussgrößen vermieden werden. Die regionale Betrachtung der Versorgung ist wichtig und sollte von einem Bettenkoordinator gesteuert werden. Auf die enge Zusammenarbeit im Gesamtversorgungssystem im Schulterschluss mit den Gesundheitsämtern kommt es an.
JO  - Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-8
SP  - 1
EP  - 8
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11553-020-00771-3
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11553-020-00771-3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Catheterization Laboratory Considerations During the Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic: From ACC's Interventional Council and SCAI
AU  - Welt, Frederick G. P.
AU  - Shah, Pinak B.
AU  - Aronow, Herbert D.
AU  - Bortnick, Anna E.
AU  - Henry, Timothy D.
AU  - Sherwood, Matthew W.
AU  - Young, Michael N.
AU  - Davidson, Laura J.
AU  - Kadavath, Sabeeda
AU  - Mahmud, Ehtisham
AU  - Kirtane, Ajay J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American College of Cardiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jacc.2020.03.021
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Breaking the chain of infection
AU  - Williams, Tracey
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Perioperative Practice
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 30
IS  - 4
PG  - 83-84
SP  - 83
EP  - 84
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/1750458920914256
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1177/1750458920914256
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Discussions on the emergency medical procedure of children&apos;s hospitals against COVID-19 epidemic
AU  - XU, Hongzhen
AU  - CHEN, Shuohui
AU  - WANG, Tianlin
AU  - YU, Gang
AU  - LAI, Can
AU  - SHU, Qiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - December 2019 witnessed the outbreak of COVID-19 in Wuhan, Hubei province of China, which has soon spread nationwide and across national borders, posting a menacing pandemic threat. Children are themselves highly susceptible infectious diseases in normal times not to mention an epidemic period. Coupled with the high incidence of seasonal influenza, it is imperative to strengthen epidemiological screening of children, along with effective isolation, treatment, prevention and control measures. In view of specifics of the hospital, the authors proposed to further improve the medical emergency procedure, strictly enforcing screening and isolation regulations, and standardizing medical procedure. They also proposed scientific layout and use of the infection wards. These measures are designed to control the epidemic and protect the safety of medical staff.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Hospital Administration
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 36
IS  - 0
PG  - E009-E009
SP  - E009
EP  - E009
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Experience in prevention and control of COVID-19 in tramatological and microsurgical wards
AU  - YANG, Fan
AU  - HU, Jing
AU  - HU, Lanping
AU  - LI, Zonghuan
AU  - YU, Aixi
AU  - ZHANG, Yingying
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - To report our experience in the prevention and control of COVID-19 in the tramatological and microsurgical wards.;;Methods;A retrospective study was conducted of the COVID-19 infections in the 51 medical staff and patients from 31 December, 2019 to 14 February, 2020 at Department of Traumatology and Microsurgery, Zhongnan Hospital. The prevention and control measures were upgraded after 20 January, 2020 to address the serious epidemic situation, including preventive disinfection, terminal disinfection and personnel disinfection in wards, management of emergency patients, inpatients and patients suspected of COVID-19 infection, and training, management and psychological intervention of medical staff. The outcomes resulting from different prevention and control measures before and after 20 January, 2020 were compared.;;Results;From 31 December, 2019 to 20 January, 2020, there were altogether 3 cases of definite COVID-19 infection and 2 ones of suspected COVID-19 infection at the department. One doctor, one technician and one nurse were diagnosed as definite COVID-19 infection while one nurse and one patient as suspected COVID-19 infection. The 4 medical staff members infected were cured and discharged before 14 February, 2020 but unfortunately the one patient infected died. After the prevention and control measures for COVID-19 infection had been upgraded since 20 January, 2020, 12 out of the 29 emergency patients at our wards had fever (body temperature &ge;37.3&#8451;) but none COVID-19 infection. All the 47 medical staff on duty at the department got trained and none of them was infected by COVID-19 or suffered from mental disorder.;;Conclusion;In the epidemic of COVID-19, as our prevention and control measures for COVID-19 infection were adjusted and upgraded in response to the changing epidemic situation, they eliminated nosocomial infection scientifically and effectively and ensured life safety of the medical staff and patients at the department. ;
JO  - Chinese Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 22
IS  - 2
PG  - E008-E008
SP  - E008
EP  - E008
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Asymptomatic COVID-19 infection in pregnant woman in the third trimester: a case report
AU  - YAO, Li
AU  - WANG, Jing
AU  - ZHAO, Jingjing
AU  - CUI, Jing
AU  - HU, Zhihang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We report a case of asymptomatic COVID-19 infection in a pregnant woman in the third trimester with good maternal and infant outcomes. The patient was admitted to the Second People&amp;apos;s Hospital of Hefei on February 11, 2020, because of a &quot;positive novel coronavirus nucleic acid test result for one day&quot; at 38 weeks of gestation. No abnormality was observed during her previous regular prenatal examinations. A throat swab sample was obtained from the patient four days before admission due to the diagnosis of COVID-19 infection in her husband and sister on the 14&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; and 7&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; day before her admission, and the new coronavirus nucleic acid test showed positive. The patient reported no discomfort before admission. Chest CT on the 3&lt;sup&gt;rd&lt;/sup&gt; after admission showed a small amount of bilateral pleural effusion. Irregular contractions occurred three days after admission and labor was considered to be imminent. An emergency cesarean section was performed and the patient delivered a live baby girl. No tests were performed on amniotic fluid, cord blood or placenta for new coronavirus nuclei acid. The patient was isolated from the infant without breastfeeding after surgery. All medical staff involved in the cesarean section were isolated after surgery. Neonatal peripheral blood and nasopharyngeal swabs were collected for the new coronavirus nucleic acid tests on the day of birth and one day of age respectively, and nasopharyngeal swabs and anal suabs were taken at nine days after birth. All test results were negative. The patient recovered well after surgery with stable vital signs. Chest CT on the 8&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; after operation showed a small amount of bilateral pleural effusion, while the new coronavirus nucleic acid test results of the pharyngeal swabs were positive on the 11&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; and 12&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; day after operation. The throat swabs of all medical staff involved in the operation were negative 14 days after the operation. The mother and baby were discharged 14 days after the Cesarean section.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Perinatal Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 23
IS  - 3
PG  - 229-231
SP  - 229
EP  - 231
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Facial mask: A necessity to beat COVID-19
AU  - Zhai, John
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The view of an air quality and ventilation expert The rapid global rise of infected coronavirus cases after China dramatically impacts the daily life of everyone in every facet. Schools are closing, people are working from home, and stores are filling with panic shoppers. However, lessons learned the hard way in China have been disregarded in a majority of hard-hit countries globally, such as the enforcement of using facial masks. Authorities of most developed countries make two primary suggestions to the general public: keeping social distance and washing hands. These are surely effective in defeating potential virus dispersion through direct contact and droplet transmission. Neither WHO nor US CDC encourage the usage of facial masks for the general public, rather only for those who are infected and who are in medical care environments. The reasoning can be fivefold.[truncated]
JO  - Building and Environment
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 106827-106827
SP  - 106827
EP  - 106827
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.buildenv.2020.106827
UR  - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0360132320301852
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Risk of COVID-19 importation to the Pacific islands through global air travel
AU  - Craig, A. T.
AU  - Heywood, A. E.
AU  - Hall, J.
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Epidemiology and Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-16
SP  - 1
EP  - 16
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/S0950268820000710
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/risk-of-covid19-importation-to-the-pacific-islands-through-global-air-travel/5FF4D23AB5FD537D752B38FB5AAB9721
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: Epidemiology, Evolution, and Cross-Disciplinary Perspectives
AU  - Sun, Jiumeng
AU  - He, Wan-Ting
AU  - Wang, Lifang
AU  - Lai, Alexander
AU  - Ji, Xiang
AU  - Zhai, Xiaofeng
AU  - Li, Gairu
AU  - Suchard, Marc A.
AU  - Tian, Jin
AU  - Zhou, Jiyong
AU  - Veit, Michael
AU  - Su, Shuo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The basic reproductive number (R0) of 2019-nCoV is higher than R0 of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). COVID-19 presents with asymptomatic infections, with potential to propagate and perpetuate this epidemic. 2019-nCoV isolated from patients shows limited sequence diversity, suggesting that the interspecies transmission event was very recent and that the source of the virus was focused, possibly a point-source event. The amino acid sequence in the ACE2 receptor responsible for 2019-nCoV binding in farm animals and cats has only a few exchanges compared with the human receptor, suggesting that the species barrier for virus transmission is small.
JO  - Trends in Molecular Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.molmed.2020.02.008
UR  - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1471491420300654
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Expert consensus on emergency surgery and infection prevention in traumatic pediatric orthopedics under the epidemic of novel coronavirus pneumonia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Novel coronavirus pneumonia infection, which is caused by the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) has been reported in Wuhan, Hubei province and spreads rapidly to the whole country since December 2019. The virus is generally susceptible and highly infectious to all the population including children and spreads through many ways, which brings great difficulties for the prevention and control of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Based on the needs of pediatric orthopaedic patients for emergency trauma surgery, the authors reviewed the latest novel coronavirus pneumonia diagnosis and treatment strategy, the latest principles and evidence-based medicine in pediatric orthopaedics, and put forward this expert consensus. The expert consensus systematically standardized the clinical pathway and protective measures for emergency surgery on pediatric orthopaedic traumatic patients during COVID-19 epidemic, and provided the basis for the treatment of such kind of patients in clinical work, so as to provide effective reference for the emergency surgical treatment of pediatric orthopaedic trauma patients in all levels of hospitals.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Orthopaedics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 40
IS  - 5
PG  - 269-276
SP  - 269
EP  - 276
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Radiotherapy in the time of the Coronavirus pandemic: when less is better
AU  - Achard, Vérane
AU  - Tsoutsou, Pelagia
AU  - Zilli, Thomas
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.03.008
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How to link patients with suspicious COVID-19 to health system from the community pharmacies? A route proposal
AU  - Amariles, Pedro
AU  - Ledezma-Morales, Mónica
AU  - Salazar-Ospina, Andrea
AU  - Hincapié-García, Jaime Alejandro
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Colombia confirmed its first case of the COVID-19 on March 6th, 2020. On March 16th, 2020, 54 cases have been confirmed (36 imported and 18 associated), therefore, Colombia is at highest alert, and it is now trying to avoid or minimize the last stage of “community transmission”. We present a route proposal that shows how the community pharmacist may develop his responsibility to contribute to the early detection and appropriate referral of possible cases of the COVID-19. In the route have been considered three possible entrances depending on the needs of the users: anti-flu drugs, symptoms related to COVID-19 infection or the request for items for hygiene and prevention of transmission such as alcohol and face masks. Later, self-care education should be given, and the possible cases should be reported to the telephone lines designated by the mayor or the governor, continuing the healthcare process. Community pharmacies and pharmacy staff play a crucial role in minimizing the stage of “community transmission” of COVID-19, through properly detection and management of possible cases and customer education.
JO  - Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.sapharm.2020.03.007
UR  - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1551741120302485
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Evolutionary Trajectory for the Emergence of Novel Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Rehman, Saif ur
AU  - Shafique, Laiba
AU  - Ihsan, Awais
AU  - Liu, Qingyou
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Over the last two decades, the world experienced three outbreaks of coronaviruses with elevated morbidity rates. Currently, the global community is facing emerging virus SARS-CoV-2 belonging to Betacoronavirus, which appears to be more transmissible but less deadly than SARS-CoV. The current study aimed to track the evolutionary ancestors and different evolutionary strategies that were genetically adapted by SARS-CoV-2. Our whole-genome analysis revealed that SARS-CoV-2 was the descendant of Bat SARS/SARS-like CoVs and bats served as a natural reservoir. SARS-CoV-2 used mutations and recombination as crucial strategies in different genomic regions including the envelop, membrane, nucleocapsid, and spike glycoproteins to become a novel infectious agent. We confirmed that mutations in different genomic regions of SARS-CoV-2 have specific influence on virus reproductive adaptability, allowing for genotype adjustment and adaptations in rapidly changing environments. Moreover, for the first time we identified nine putative recombination patterns in SARS-CoV-2, which encompass spike glycoprotein, RdRp, helicase and ORF3a. Six recombination regions were spotted in the S gene and are undoubtedly important for evolutionary survival, meanwhile this permitted the virus to modify superficial antigenicity to find a way from immune reconnaissance in animals and adapt to a human host. With these combined natural selected strategies, SARS-CoV-2 emerged as a novel virus in human society.
JO  - Pathogens 2020, Vol. 9, Page 240
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 3
PG  - 240-240
SP  - 240
EP  - 240
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/PATHOGENS9030240
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - An update on COVID-19 for the radiologist - A British society of Thoracic Imaging statement
AU  - Rodrigues, J. C. L.
AU  - Hare, S. S.
AU  - Edey, A.
AU  - Devaraj, A.
AU  - Jacob, J.
AU  - Johnstone, A.
AU  - McStay, R.
AU  - Nair, A.
AU  - Robinson, G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, Wuhan City (Hubei Province, China) reported a febrile respiratory tract illness of unknown origin in a cluster of patients. Bronchoalveolar lavage of the patients isolated a novel strain of coronavirus (SARS-coronavirus-2 [SARS-CoV-2]) as the pathogen.1 The pulmonary infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 was named coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by the World Health Organization (WHO). As of 14 March 2020, the WHO reported 142,651 worldwide cases with 5,393 deaths.2 Despite the imposition of strict quarantine rules and restricted travel within and from China, the infection has spread rapidly affecting countries worldwide. It continues to escalate. As of 14 March 2020, 797 UK cases have been confirmed, with 10 deaths.3 Testing currently involves a laboratory test from swab samples obtained from the respiratory tract (most commonly a single nose and throat swab). The WHO currently classifies cases into three potential categories: (1) suspected, (2) probable, and (3) confirmed. Suspected cases are primarily those with a febrile respiratory illness and history of travel to a country or region reporting local transmission of COVID-19 disease during the 14 days prior to symptom onset. In the past few weeks, changes to diagnostic criteria (using imaging as an adjunct to real-time transcriptase polymerase chain reaction [RT-PCR]) has led to an increase in reported cases. Clinical presentation of COVID-19 The majority of patients present with a lower respiratory tract infection comprising fever, cough, dyspnoea, and myalgia. Although most patients have a mild illness, 17–29% of patients are reported to develop acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).4,5 Mortality rates are estimated at 3.6%.6 An elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) and lymphopenia (<1,100 μ/L) are characteristic7 Radiology departments should be prepared for an increase in the number of cases of COVID-19 and new diagnoses or risk stratification may be imaging based. As such, it is important for radiologists to be familiar with the potential spectrum of imaging findings, as well as set out protocols to limit contamination and spread. Chest imaging findings in COVID-19 Initial findings Initial imaging with chest radiograph (CXR) and computed tomography (CT) may be normal in COVID-19. Disease severity and timing of imaging appear to impact on the rates of normal baseline imaging. In non-severe disease, up to 18% of patients have a normal initial CXR or CT, but only 3% in severe disease.8 In a series of 121 symptomatic patients, a normal CT was found in 56% of patients scanned within 2 days of symptom onset, whereas normal scans were observed in only 9% and 4% of patients if imaged 3–5 days or 6–12 days from symptoms, respectively.9 Therefore, radiographic abnormalities are almost certain to be present on CT following 6 days of symptoms. Furthermore, Shi et al. have reported radiological abnormality, predominantly ground-glass opacity (GGO), in subclinical disease, where 15 patients were imaged using CT before symptom onset.10 As such, the precise time when imaging becomes abnormal is heterogeneous and the disease should not be excluded based on a normal CT examination acquired early after symptom onset. When imaging is abnormal, there are some common features. CXR typically shows patchy or diffuse asymmetric airspace opacities, similar to other causes of coronavirus pneumonias.4 The most common initial CT findings of COVID-19 pneumonia are bilateral, subpleural GGO, ill-defined margins, and a slight right lower lobe predilection10; however, the initial imaging findings are not organism specific and can overlap with H1N1 influenza, cytomegalovirus pneumonia, and other atypical pneumonias11 Temporal evolution of findings With increased time between symptom onset and imaging, the pattern of radiological findings progresses from focal unilateral abnormality to diffuse bilateral opacities with evolution to consolidation, reticulation, and mixed-pattern disease involving more lung segments.10 The pattern of CT disease may have prognostic implications, with consolidation being reported in nearly all patients requiring intensive care unit (ICU) support and GGO in those not requiring ICU.5 “Crazy-paving” pattern and the “atoll” sign is also reported with greater time from symptom onset.9 In a cohort of 21 patients with COVID-19 who recovered, late-stage CT findings (14 days or longer) showed varying degrees of clearing but signs may persist for more than 1 month after initial detection.12 Uncommon imaging findings Imaging features that are only rarely encountered include pneumothorax, cavitation, or lymphadenopathy.13 Features such as pleural effusion, extensive tiny lung nodules, tree in bud, and lymphadenopathy may well suggest bacterial superinfection or an alternative diagnosis.14
JO  - Clinical Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.crad.2020.03.003
UR  - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0009926020300878
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Practical indications for the prevention and management of SARS-CoV-2 in ambulatory dialysis patients: lessons from the first phase of the epidemics in Lombardy
AU  - Rombolà, Giuseppe
AU  - Hedemperger, Marco
AU  - Pedrini, Luciano
AU  - Farina, Marco
AU  - Aucella, Filippo
AU  - Messa, Piergiorgio
AU  - Brunori, Giuliano
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Confronting the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak has allowed us to appreciate how efficiently highly-resourced settings can respond to crises. However even such settings are not prepared to deal with the situation, and lessons are only slowly being learnt. There is still an urgent need to accelerate protocols that lead to the implementation of rapid point-of-care diagnostic testing and effective antiviral therapies. In some high-risk populations, such as dialysis patients, where several individuals are treated at the same time in a limited space and overcrowded areas, our objective must be to ensure protection to patients, the healthcare team and the dialysis ward. The difficult Italian experience may help other countries to face the challenges. The experience of the Lombardy underlines the need for gathering and sharing our data to increase our knowledge and support common, initially experience-based, and as soon as possible evidence-based position to face this overwhelming crisis.
JO  - Journal of Nephrology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s40620-020-00727-y
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s40620-020-00727-y
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: Protecting Worker Health
AU  - Semple, Sean
AU  - Cherrie, John W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - At the time of writing (5 March 2020) Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) has spread to 76 countries with over 93 000 cases (WHO, 2020a) around the world since it was first identified and described in China on 31 December 2019 (WHO, 2020b). The case fatality rate may be as high as 3.4% and, although the indications are that it is a mild, self-limiting illness for the majority of those infected, it clearly has the potential to cause significant disruption globally. Many countries are moving from the ‘containment’ to the ‘delay’ phase in controlling the outbreak with a recent UK model suggesting a potential peak in June 2020 (Danon et al., 2020). Occupational hygienists have particular skills in understanding exposure to hazards in the workplace and a long history of introducing simple and effective measures that reduce risk to workers’ health. These skills may be able to contribute to protecting the global workforce from Covid-19. Workers involved in healthcare have always had a recognized increase in risk of developing infections present in the community where their patients are drawn. Health care workers are often on the front line dealing with those who are ill and at the most infectious period of a disease, as in the cases of SARS, MERS, and Ebola. Healthcare facilities can therefore act as a focus for infection spreading, giving rise to disease clusters linked to hospitals, social care facilities, and other health locations (Rajakaruna et al., 2017). In the SARS and MERS outbreaks between 2003 and 2015, between 44 and 100% of cases were linked to healthcare settings and healthcare workers made up around a quarter of those infected (Chowell et al., 2015). Other workers involved in providing services to the public may also be at increased risk during particular outbreaks where transmission is through face-to-face or close contact. A recent analysis in the USA has estimated that 10% of the workforce are employed in roles where exposure to disease or infection occurs at least once per week (Baker et al., 2020). Beyond caring and protective service workers, there are a wide range of service-economy workers who may be at risk from a respiratory infection like Covid-19. Shop workers, bus drivers, cleaners, teachers, bank workers and hospitality staff are among the many service-sector employees who will have frequent and close interaction with many people over the course of a shift. Many of these workers will either have physical contact with the public or indirect contact through exchange of money or goods—an exposure route for transmission that is poorly understood (Angelakis et al., 2014). There are also complex societal issues around workers who are ill but feel that they have to work for economic or other reasons, and thereby increase the risks for colleagues and the public.[truncated]
JO  - Annals of Work Exposures and Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/annweh/wxaa033
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/annweh/advance-article/doi/10.1093/annweh/wxaa033/5810996
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Fast, portable tests come online to curb coronavirus pandemic
AU  - Sheridan, Cormac
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Testing kits delivered by courier and digital tools combine to battle the COVID-19 outbreak.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41587-020-00010-2
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41587-020-00010-2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Implementation of radiotherapy in a tertiary hospital in Zhejiang province during the epidemic of COVID-19
AU  - SONG, Tao
AU  - XU, Hongen
AU  - LI, Qiang
AU  - CHEN, Long
AU  - FANG, Min
AU  - JIA, Yongshi
AU  - LIANG, Xiaodong
AU  - CHEN, Weijun
AU  - WU, Shuqiang
AU  - LIN, Baihua
AU  - YUAN, Mian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - To explore the clinical practice of delivering radiotherapy during the outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus disease(COVID-19).;;Methods;During this epidemic period, available methods including but not limited to: strict disinfection, body temperature monitoring, learning relevant knowledge by all staffs to ensure the safety of radiotherapy treatment. Relevant data including proportion of radiotherapy, time from scanning to the first time of radiation delivery and degree of satisfaction in the view of staffs and patients, respectively.;;Results;A total of 60 patients received radiation therapy in the department of radiotherapy of Zhejiang Provincial People&rsquo;s Hospital (2020-02-11). Compared with the same period in 2019 (after the Spring Festival), the total number of patients receiving radiotherapy was decreased from 72 to 60(83.3%). Among them, the number of patients receiving palliative radiation therapy decreased significantly, while the proportion of radical, preoperative and/or postoperative radiotherapy/radiochemotherapy did not significantly decrease. There was significant difference between different years (&lt;italic&gt;&chi;&lt;/italic&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;=6.967, &lt;italic&gt;P&lt;/italic&gt;&lt;0.05). The median time for newly admitted patients to receive radiotherapy was two days, which was not significantly longer than the interval in 2019 (&lt;italic&gt;P&lt;/italic&gt;&gt;0.05). Staffs and patients were generally satisfied with the current prevention measures.;;Conclusions;Using a variety of prevention and control methods, and taking full account of medical safety and patient benefits, radiation-related activities can be carried out during the epidemic. ;
JO  - Chinese Journal of Radiological Medicine and Protection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 40
IS  - 0
PG  - E004-E004
SP  - E004
EP  - E004
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 turned positive in a discharged patient with COVID-19 arouses concern regarding the present standard for discharge
AU  - Zhang, Jing-Feng
AU  - Yan, Kun
AU  - Ye, Hong-Hua
AU  - Lin, Jie
AU  - Zheng, Jian-Jun
AU  - Cai, Ting
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - An outbreak of COVID-19 in Wuhan, China caused by SARS-CoV-2 has led to a serious epidemic in China and other countries, resulting in worldwide concern. With the active efforts from prevention and control, the quantity of discharged patients is escalating. How to manage these patients normatively is still challenging. We hereby reported an asymptomatic discharged patient with COVID-19 who was retested positive for SARS-CoV-2, which arouses concern regarding the present discharge standard of COVID-19.
JO  - International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.03.007
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: Melatonin as a potential adjuvant treatment
AU  - Zhang, Rui
AU  - Wang, Xuebin
AU  - Ni, Leng
AU  - Di, Xiao
AU  - Ma, Baitao
AU  - Niu, Shuai
AU  - Liu, Changwei
AU  - Reiter, Russel J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This article summarizes the likely benefits of melatonin in the attenuation of COVID-19 based on its putative pathogenesis. The recent outbreak of COVID-19 has become a pandemic with tens of thousands of infected patients. Based on clinical features, pathology, the pathogenesis of acute respiratory disorder induced by either highly homogenous coronaviruses or other pathogens, the evidence suggests that excessive inflammation, oxidation, and an exaggerated immune response very likely contribute to COVID-19 pathology. This leads to a cytokine storm and subsequent progression to acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and often death. Melatonin, a well-known anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative molecule, is protective against ALI/ARDS caused by viral and other pathogens. Melatonin is effective in critical care patients by reducing vessel permeability, anxiety, sedation use, and improving sleeping quality, which might also be beneficial for better clinical outcomes for COVID-19 patients. Notably, melatonin has a high safety profile. There is significant data showing that melatonin limits virus-related diseases and would also likely be beneficial in COVID-19 patients. Additional experiments and clinical studies are required to confirm this speculation.
JO  - Life Sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 117583-117583
SP  - 117583
EP  - 117583
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117583
UR  - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0024320520303313
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Role of Telehealth in Reducing the Mental Health Burden from COVID-19
AU  - Zhou, Xiaoyun
AU  - Snoswell, Centaine L.
AU  - Harding, Louise E.
AU  - Bambling, Matthew
AU  - Edirippulige, Sisira
AU  - Bai, Xuejun
AU  - Smith, Anthony C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The psychological impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic must be recognized alongside the physical symptoms for all those affected.1,2 Telehealth, or more specifically telemental health services, are practically feasible and appropriate for the support of patients, family members, and health service providers during this pandemic.3 As of March 18, 2020, there were >198,000 COVID-19 infections recorded globally, and 7,900 deaths. Psychological symptoms relating to COVID-19 have already been observed on a population level including anxiety-driven panic buying4 and paranoia about attending community events. Students, workers, and tourists who have been prevented from accessing their training institutions, workplaces, homes, respectively, are expected to have developed psychological symptoms due to stress and reduced autonomy and concerns about income, job, security, and so on.5 The Chinese, Singaporean, and Australian governments have highlighted the psychological side effects of COVID-19, and have voiced concerns regarding the long-term impacts of isolation and that the fear and panic in the community could cause more harm than COVID-19.6–8 In the absence of a medical cure for COVID-19, the global response is a simple public health strategy of isolation for those infected or at risk, reduced social contact to slow the spread of the virus, and simple hygiene such as hand washing to reduce the risk of infection. While the primary intervention of isolation may well achieve its goals, it leads to reduced access to support from family and friends, and degrades normal social support systems and causes loneliness, and is a risk for worsening anxiety and depressive symptoms.9 If left untreated, these psychological symptoms may have long-term health effects on patients and require treatment adding to the cost burden of managing the illness. Clinical and nonclinical staff are also at risk of psychological distress as they are expected to work longer hours with a high risk of exposure to the virus. This may also lead to stress, anxiety, burnout, depressive symptoms, and the need for sick or stress leave, which would have a negative impact on the capacity of the health system to provide services during the crisis.10 Treatment protocols for people with COVID-19 should address both the physiological and psychological needs of the patients and health service providers. Providing psychological treatment and support may reduce the burden of comorbid mental health conditions and ensure the wellbeing of those affected. Our challenge is to provide mental health services in the context of patient isolation, which highlights the role of telehealth (through videoconference, e-mail, telephone, or smartphone apps). The provision of mental health support (especially through telehealth) will likely help patients maintain psychological well-being and cope with acute and postacute health requirements more favorably. Examples of and evidence to support the effectiveness of telemental health are fairly diverse, especially in the context of depression,11 anxiety,12 and PTSD.13 Videoconferencing,14 online forums,15 smartphone apps,16 text-messaging,15 and e-mails17 have been shown to be useful communication methods for the delivery of mental health services. China is actively providing various telemental health services during the outbreak of COVID-19. These services are from government and academic agencies and include counseling, supervision, training, as well as psychoeducation through online platforms (e.g., hotline, WeChat, and Tencent QQ).18,19 Telemental health services have been prioritized for people at higher risk of exposure to COVID-19, including clinicians on the frontline, patients diagnosed with COVID-19 and their families, policemen, and security guards. Early reports also showed how people in isolation actively sought online support to address mental health needs, which demonstrated both a population interest and acceptance of this medium.20 Additional telehealth services have been previously funded by the Aust alian Government (Better Access Initiative program), to address mental health needs of rural and remote patients during emergency situations,21 such as long-term drought and bushfires. In response to COVID-19, the Australian Government has responded with additional funded services through the Medicare Benefits Schedule, enabling a greater range of telehealth services to be delivered, including telehealth[truncated]
JO  - Telemedicine and e-Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - tmj.2020.0068-tmj.2020.0068
SP  - tmj.2020.0068
EP  - tmj.2020.0068
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1089/tmj.2020.0068
UR  - https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/tmj.2020.0068
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Effect of gastrointestinal symptoms on patients infected with COVID-19
AU  - Zhou, Zili
AU  - Zhao, Ning
AU  - Shu, Yan
AU  - Han, Shengbo
AU  - Chen, Bin
AU  - Shu, Xiaogang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Gastroenterology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1053/j.gastro.2020.03.020
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Potential false-positive rate among the &apos;asymptomatic infected individuals’ in close contacts of COVID-19 patients
AU  - ZHUANG, Guihua
AU  - SHEN, Mingwang
AU  - ZENG, Lingxia
AU  - MI, Baibing
AU  - CHEN, Fangyao
AU  - LIU, Wenjun
AU  - PEI, Leilei
AU  - QI, Xin
AU  - LI, Chao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As the prevention and control of COVID-19continues to advance, the active nucleic acid test screening in the close contacts of the patients has been carrying out in many parts of China. However, the false-positive rate of positive results in the screening has not been reported up to now. But&nbsp;to&nbsp;clearify&nbsp;the&nbsp;false-positive&nbsp;rate&nbsp;during&nbsp;screening&nbsp;is&nbsp;important&nbsp;in&nbsp;COVID-19&nbsp;control&nbsp;and&nbsp;prevention.;;Methods;Point values and reasonable ranges of the indicators which impact the false-positive rate of positive results were estimated based on the information available to us at present. The false-positive rate of positive results in the active screening was deduced, and univariate and multivariate-probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed to understand the robustness of the findings.;;Results;When the infection rate of the close contacts and the sensitivity and specificity of reported results were taken as the point estimates, the positive predictive value of the active screening was only 19.67%, in contrast, the false-positive rate of positive results was 80.33%. The multivariate-probabilistic sensitivity analysis results supported the base-case findings, with a 75% probability for the false-positive rate of positive results over 47%.;;Conclusions;In the close contacts of COVID-19 patients, nearly half or even more of the &amp;apos;asymptomatic infected individuals&rsquo; reported in the active nucleic acid test screening might be false positives. ;
JO  - Chinese Journal of Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 4
PG  - 485-488
SP  - 485
EP  - 488
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronaviruses: a paradigm of new emerging zoonotic diseases
AU  - Salata, C.
AU  - Calistri, A.
AU  - Parolin, C.
AU  - Palù, G.
PY  - 2019
PD  - 
N2  - A novel type of coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infecting humans appeared in Wuhan, China, at the end of December 2019. Since the identification of the outbreak the infection quickly spread involving in one month more than 31,000 confirmed cases with 638 death. Molecular analysis suggest that 2019-nCoV could be originated from bats after passaging in intermediate hosts, highlighting the high zoonotic potential of coronaviruses.
JO  - Pathogens and disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 77
IS  - 9
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32065221
DO  - 10.1093/femspd/ftaa006
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Diagnosis and clinical management of 2019 novel coronavirus infection: an operational recommendation of Peking Union Medical College Hospital (V2.0)] Calling all coronavirus researchers: keep sharing, stay open
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, China has been experiencing an outbreak of new infectious disease caused by 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). The clinical features include fever, coughing, shortness of breath, and inflammatory pulmonary infiltration revealed by X ray. China rapidly identified 2019-nCoV-related pneumonia a statutory infectious disease. To standardize the diagnosis and treatment of this new infectious disease, operational guidelines for the diagnosis and management of 2019-nCoV infection is accomplished by Peking Union Medical College Hospital.
JO  - Zhonghua nei ke za zhi Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 59
IS  - 3
PG  - 186-188
SP  - 186
EP  - 188
AN  - 32020126
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1426.2020.03.003 10.1038/d41586-020-00307-x
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in Iran; actions and problems COVID-19, Australia: Epidemiology Report 7 (Reporting week ending 19:00 AEDT 14 March 2020)
AU  - Abdi, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This is the seventh epidemiological report for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), reported in Australia as at 19:00 Australian Eastern Daylight Time [AEDT] 14 March 2020. It includes data on COVID-19 cases diagnosed in Australia, the international situation and a review of current evidence.
JO  - Infection control and hospital epidemiology Communicable diseases intelligence (2018)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 44
IS  - 
PG  - 1-5
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
AN  - 32192424
DO  - 10.1017/ice.2020.86 10.33321/cdi.2020.44.23
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pharmacy Services and the Novel Coronavirus [Chemotherapy strategy for colorectal cancer under the outbreak of corona virus disease 2019]
AU  - Alderman, C.
AU  - Li, Y. H.
AU  - Shen, L.
AU  - Li, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Pharmacists around the world can expect to be affected by the coronavirus, especially those who provide care for older people who are at a much higher risk for grave consequences from the virus. It is critical that pharmacists maintain awareness of the evolving pandemic and access reliable information to remain familiar with developments. The outbreak of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) makes the medical treatment of colorectal cancers difficult. Cancer patients are more susceptible to infection and tumor history is defined as an important factor of poor prognosis, which challenges both doctors and patients. For metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, maintenance therapy is the optimal choice. The patients with tumor progression or poor biological behavior should receive or continue combination chemotherapy. Adjuvant chemotherapy should reduce the intensity of treatment and shorten the therapy time. Fever patients during chemotherapy need to receive differential diagnosis and screening according to national standards. Patients with stable diseases and good general conditions may delay imaging examination. Clinicians should make individual clinical decisions based on the specifics of each patient during epidemic situation.
JO  - The Senior care pharmacist Zhonghua wei chang wai ke za zhi = Chinese journal of gastrointestinal surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 35
IS  - 4
PG  - 146-147
SP  - 146
EP  - 147
AN  - 32192297
DO  - 10.4140/TCP.n.2020.146. 10.3760/cma.j.cn.441530-20200225-00089
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Viral loads of SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 in respiratory specimens: What have we learned?
AU  - Al-Tawfiq, J. A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Travel medicine and infectious disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101629
SP  - 101629
EP  - 
AN  - 32176356
DO  - 10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101629
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - CT Manifestations of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia: A Case Report [Treatment strategy for gastrointestinal tumor under the outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia in China]
AU  - An, P.
AU  - Song, P.
AU  - Lian, K.
AU  - Wang, Y.
AU  - Chen, Y. H.
AU  - Peng, J. S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Since December 2019, the outbreak of the novel coronavirus has impacted nearly >90,000 people in more than 75 countries. In this case report, we aim to define the chest computed tomography findings of 2019-novel coronavirus associated with pneumonia and its successful resolution after treatment. CASE REPORT: A fifty-year-old female patient, who is a businesswoman, presented with chief complaints of “fever for one week, diarrhea, anorexia, and asthenia.” Initially, she was given Tamiflu. The influenza A virus serology was negative. Three days later, levofloxacin was started because the patient’s symptoms did not improve. The novel coronavirus nucleic acid test was negative. It was noted that before the onset of the disease, the patient went to Wuhan on a business trip. Despite the given treatment, her body temperature rose to 39.2°C and she was referred to our clinic for further evaluation. Then, chest computed tomography was performed and showed bilateral multifocal ground glass opacities with consolidation which suggested viral pneumonia as a differential diagnosis, and the subsequent 2019-novel coronavirus pneumonia nucleic acid test was positive. CONCLUSION: Chest computed tomography offers fast and convenient evaluation of patients with suspected 2019-novel coronavirus pneumonia. The outbreak of the novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) has become a public health emergency in China. Chinese authorities and health agencies had devoted great efforts to control this disease. As surgeons specialized in the treatment of gastrointestinal tumors, we should always be aware of the prevention for NCP and incorporate this awareness into every detail of clinical practice. For the patients with gastrointestinal tumors, pre-admission screening should be done in order to rule out NCP. Real-time RT-PCR panel and chest CT scan should be conducted for patients with fever (>37.3℃), travel history to Hubei Province within 14 days, or contact history with residents from Wuhan district within 14 days. Prevention measures for both medical staffs and the screen-negative admitted patients should also be enhanced because false negative is possible. Medical instruments should be properly discarded or disinfected according to standardized procedures established by the local center for disease control and prevention (CDC). Surgical operation should be reduced at a minimal level to prevent cross infection in this special period.Surgical intervention for benign tumor should be postponed. For malignant tumor, multidisciplinary therapy (MDT) is recommended and non-surgical anti-tumor therapy should be selected with higher priority. Neoadjuvant therapy is highly recommended for gastrointestinal cancer at advanced stages that meet the indications of NCCN guideline (gastric cancer T stage ≥ 2/rectal cancer T stage ≥ 3/unresectable colon cancer). Gastric or esophagogastricjunction (EGJ) malignant tumor with obstruction can be managed with gastric tube decompression or stent placement to relieve the symptoms. Transnasal enteral feeding tube intubation/percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy could be adopted to ensure enteral nutrition supply. For colorectal malignancy with simple intestinal obstruction, stent placement can achieve a high success rate, which not only helps avoid emergency surgery, but also creates a better condition for subsequent surgery. Transcatheter arterial embolization for hemostasis is an alternative choice for gastrointestinal tumor with bleeding. However, emergency operation still must be performed for patients with acute uncontrolled bleeding, obstruction or after other alternative treatment measures fail. All cases with suspicious or confirmed with NCP must be reported to the local CDC department. All invasive intervention must be performed in a designated isolation area. Tertiary prevention measure must be adopted for all anesthetists with additional face mask or medical goggle protection to prevent respiratory droplet transmission. Preventive enterostomy is preferable in lower digestive tract surgery. Thoroughly disinfecting the operating room after surgery is necessary. Fever after surgery must be carefully differentiated whether it's caused by post-surgery abdominal infection/inflammation or NCP. Single-room isolation and related examinations should be performed according to the standard procedures. We believe that with the unprecedentedly joint efforts of doctors and patients, we will eventually win this war against NCP.
JO  - Balkan medical journal Zhonghua wei chang wai ke za zhi = Chinese journal of gastrointestinal surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 23
IS  - 2
PG  - I-iv
SP  - I
EP  - iv
AN  - 32074786
DO  - 10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2020.2020.2.15 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1671-0274.2020.02.001
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Breastfeeding and Respiratory Antivirals: Coronavirus and Influenza
AU  - Anderson, P. O.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Breastfeeding medicine : the official journal of the Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 15
IS  - 3
PG  - 128
SP  - 128
EP  - 
AN  - 32129667
DO  - 10.1089/bfm.2020.29149.poa
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Lymphopenic community acquired pneumonia as signature of severe COVID-19 infection
AU  - Bermejo-Martin, J. F.
AU  - Almansa, R.
AU  - Menéndez, R.
AU  - Mendez, R.
AU  - Kelvin, D. J.
AU  - Torres, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32129925
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.02.029
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pneumonia of unknown aetiology in Wuhan, China: potential for international spread via commercial air travel
AU  - Bogoch, II
AU  - Watts, A.
AU  - Thomas-Bachli, A.
AU  - Huber, C.
AU  - Kraemer, M. U. G.
AU  - Khan, K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - There is currently an outbreak of pneumonia of unknown aetiology in Wuhan, China. Although there are still several unanswered questions about this infection, we evaluate the potential for international dissemination of this disease via commercial air travel should the outbreak continue.
JO  - Journal of travel medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 27
IS  - 2
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 31943059
DO  - 10.1093/jtm/taaa008
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Analysis of bronchoscope-guided tracheal intubation in 12 cases with COVID-19 under the personal protective equipment with positive pressure protective hood] [Recommendation for the diagnosis and treatment of novel coronavirus infection in children in Hubei (Trial version 1)]
AU  - Cai, S. J.
AU  - Wu, L. L.
AU  - Chen, D. F.
AU  - Li, Y. X.
AU  - Liu, Y. J.
AU  - Fan, Y. Q.
AU  - Du, S. H.
AU  - Huang, H.
AU  - Liu, N.
AU  - Cheng, L. L.
AU  - Deng, X. L.
AU  - Li, S. Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Endotracheal intubation is an independent risk factor for respiratory infectious diseases. We conducted a retrospective study in 12 cases with COVID-19 who underwent endotracheal intubation at ICU of the Guangzhou eighth hospital from January 20 to February 10, 2020. The intubation procedure, anesthetic regimen, and complication were collected and analyzed. The 9 healthcare workers who involved in intubation received virus nucleic acid test and 14 days temperature monitoring. All 12 patients were successfully intubated under the guidance of bronchoscope, without any complications. Midazolam, Propofol and Morphine or fentanyl were used for sedation and analgesia, avoiding patients cough and agitated during the procedure. The 9 healthcare workers were protected under the Personal Protective Equipment(PPE) with positive pressure protective hood. The detection of oropharyngeal swab virus nucleic acid were negative in all 9 healthcare workers, none of them had fever or any respiratory symptoms. The PPE with positive pressure protective hood should be needed to perform bronchoscope-guided endotracheal intubation in patients with COVID-19, it could strengthen to protect healthcare workers from virus exposure. Since December 2019, a cluster of patients have been diagnosed to be infected with 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in Wuhan, China. The epidemic has been spreading to other areas of the country and abroad. A few cases have progressed rapidly to acute respiratory distress syndrome and/or multiple organ function failure. The epidemiological survey has indicated that the general population is susceptible to 2019-nCoV. A total of 14 children (6 months to 14 years of age, including 5 cases in Wuhan) have been confirmed to be infected with 2019-nCoV in China so far. In order to further standardize and enhance the clinical management of 2019-nCoV infection in children, reduce the incidence, and decrease the number of severe cases, we have formulated this diagnosis and treatment recommendation according to the recent information at home and abroad.
JO  - Zhonghua jie he he hu xi za zhi = Zhonghua jiehe he huxi zazhi = Chinese journal of tuberculosis and respiratory diseases Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 0
PG  - E033
SP  - E033
EP  - 
AN  - 32133829
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20200222-00153
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Recommendations on the clinical management of the COVID-19 infection by the «new coronavirus» SARS-CoV2. Spanish Paediatric Association working group] A tug-of-war between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and host antiviral defence: lessons from other pathogenic viruses
AU  - Calvo, C.
AU  - García López-Hortelano, M.
AU  - de Carlos Vicente, J. C.
AU  - Vázquez Martínez, J. L.
AU  - Fung, S. Y.
AU  - Yuen, K. S.
AU  - Ye, Z. W.
AU  - Chan, C. P.
AU  - Jin, D. Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - On 31 December 2019, the Wuhan Municipal Committee of Health and Healthcare (Hubei Province, China) reported that there were 27 cases of pneumonia of unknown origin with symptoms starting on the 8 December. There were 7 serious cases with common exposure in market with shellfish, fish, and live animals, in the city of Wuhan. On 7 January 2020, the Chinese authorities identified that the agent causing the outbreak was a new type of virus of the Coronaviridae family, temporarily called «new coronavirus», 2019-nCoV. On January 30th, 2020, the World Health Organisation (WHO) declared the outbreak an International Emergency. On 11 February 2020 the WHO assigned it the name of SARS-CoV2 and COVID-19 (SARS-CoV2 and COVID-19). The Ministry of Health summoned the Specialties Societies to prepare a clinical protocol for the management of COVID-19. The Spanish Paediatric Association appointed a Working Group of the Societies of Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Paediatric Intensive Care to prepare the present recommendations with the evidence available at the time of preparing them. World Health Organization has declared the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. The virus was named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Human infection with SARS-CoV-2 leads to a wide range of clinical manifestations ranging from asymptomatic, mild, moderate to severe. The severe cases present with pneumonia, which can progress to acute respiratory distress syndrome. The outbreak provides an opportunity for real-time tracking of an animal coronavirus that has just crossed species barrier to infect humans. The outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infection is largely determined by virus-host interaction. Here, we review the discovery, zoonotic origin, animal hosts, transmissibility and pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 in relation to its interplay with host antiviral defense. A comparison with SARS-CoV, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, community-acquired human coronaviruses and other pathogenic viruses including human immunodeficiency viruses is made. We summarize current understanding of the induction of a proinflammatory cytokine storm by other highly pathogenic human coronaviruses, their adaptation to humans and their usurpation of the cell death programmes. Important questions concerning the interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and host antiviral defence, including asymptomatic and presymptomatic virus shedding, are also discussed.
JO  - Anales de pediatria (Barcelona, Spain : 2003) Emerging microbes & infections
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
PG  - 558-570
SP  - 558
EP  - 570
AN  - 32172672
DO  - 10.1016/j.anpedi.2020.02.001 10.1080/22221751.2020.1736644
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
TI  - Features, Evaluation and Treatment Coronavirus (COVID-19) Discussing the ABCs of Health Security-Antibiotic Resistance, Biothreats, and Coronavirus
AU  - Cascella, M.
AU  - Rajnik, M.
AU  - Cuomo, A.
AU  - Dulebohn, S. C.
AU  - Di Napoli, R.
AU  - Desai, A. N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - According to the World Health Organization (WHO), viral diseases continue to emerge and represent a serious issue to public health. In the last twenty years, several viral epidemics such as the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in 2002 to 2003, and H1N1 influenza in 2009, have been recorded. Most recently, the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) was first identified in Saudi Arabia in 2012. In a timeline that reaches the present day, an epidemic of cases with unexplained low respiratory infections detected in Wuhan, the largest metropolitan area in China's Hubei province, was first reported to the WHO Country Office in China, on December 31, 2019. Published literature can trace the beginning of symptomatic individuals back to the beginning of December 2019. As they were unable to identify the causative agent, these first cases were classified as "pneumonia of unknown etiology." The Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and local CDCs organized an intensive outbreak investigation program. The etiology of this illness is now attributed to a novel virus belonging to the coronavirus (CoV) family, COVID-19. On February 11, 2020, the WHO Director-General, Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, announced that the disease caused by this new CoV was a "COVID-19," which is the acronym of "coronavirus disease 2019". In the past twenty years, two additional coronavirus epidemics have occurred. SARS-CoV provoked a large-scale epidemic beginning in China and involving two dozen countries with approximately 8000 cases and 800 deaths, and the MERS-CoV that began in Saudi Arabia and has approximately 2,500 cases and 800 deaths and still causes as sporadic cases. This new virus seems to be very contagious and has quickly spread globally. In a meeting on January 30, 2020, per the International Health Regulations (IHR, 2005), the outbreak was declared by the WHO a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) as it had spread to 18 countries with four countries reporting human-to-human transmission. An additional landmark occurred on February 26, 2020, as the first case of the disease, not imported from China, was recorded in the United States.  Initially, the new virus was called 2019-nCoV. Subsequently, the task of experts of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) termed it the SARS-CoV-2 virus as it is very similar to the one that caused the SARS outbreak (SARS-CoVs). The CoVs have become the major pathogens of emerging respiratory disease outbreaks. They are a large family of single-stranded RNA viruses (+ssRNA) that can be isolated in different animal species. For reasons yet to be explained, these viruses can cross species barriers and can cause, in humans, illness ranging from the common cold to more severe diseases such as MERS and SARS. Interestingly, these latter viruses have probably originated from bats and then moving into other mammalian hosts — the Himalayan palm civet for SARS-CoV, and the dromedary camel for MERS-CoV — before jumping to humans. The dynamics of SARS-Cov-2 are currently unknown, but there is speculation that it also has an animal origin. The potential for these viruses to grow to become a pandemic worldwide seems to be a serious public health risk. Concerning COVID-19, the WHO raised the threat to the CoV epidemic to the "very high" level, on February 28, 2020. Probably, the effects of the epidemic caused by the new CoV has yet to emerge as the situation is quickly evolving. World governments are at work to establish countermeasures to stem possible devastating effects. Health organizations coordinate information flows and issues directives and guidelines to best mitigate the impact of the threat. At the same time, scientists around the world work tirelessly, and information about the transmission mechanisms, the clinical spectrum of disease, new diagnostics, and prevention and therapeutic strategies are rapidly developing. Many uncertainties remain with regard to both the virus-host interaction and the evolution of the epidemic, with specific reference to the times when the epidemic will reach its peak. At the moment, the therapeutic strategies to deal with the infection are only supportive, and prevention aimed at reducing transmission in the community is our best weapon. Aggressive isolation measures in China have led to a progressive reduction of cases in the last few days. In Italy, in geographic regions of the north of the peninsula, political and health authorities are making incredible efforts to contain a shock wave that is severely testing the health system.  In the midst of the crisis, the authors have chosen to use the "Statpearls" platform because, within the PubMed scenario, it represents a unique tool that may allow them to make updates in real-time. The aim, therefore, is to collect information and scientific evidence and to provide an overview of the topic that will be continuously updated.
JO  - StatPearls
PB  - StatPearls Publishing Copyright © 2020, StatPearls Publishing LLC.
CY  - Treasure Island (FL) United States
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32150360
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2019.21022
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Web Exclusive. Annals On Call - Understanding the Spread of COVID-19
AU  - Centor, R. M.
AU  - Fisman, D. N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of internal medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - Oc1
SP  - Oc1
EP  - 
AN  - 32170898
DO  - 10.7326/a20-0001
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: An Update on the Epidemiological, Clinical, Preventive and Therapeutic Evidence and Guidelines of Integrative Chinese-Western Medicine for the Management of 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease Coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19): a guide for UK GPs
AU  - Chan, K. W.
AU  - Wong, V. T.
AU  - Tang, S. C. W.
AU  - Razai, M. S.
AU  - Doerholt, K.
AU  - Ladhani, S.
AU  - Oakeshott, P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As of 22 February 2020, more than 77662 cases of confirmed COVID-19 have been documented globally with over 2360 deaths. Common presentations of confirmed cases include fever, fatigue, dry cough, upper airway congestion, sputum production, shortness of breath, myalgia/arthralgia with lymphopenia, prolonged prothrombin time, elevated C-reactive protein, and elevated lactate dehydrogenase. The reported severe/critical case ratio is approximately 7-10% and median time to intensive care admission is 9.5-10.5 days with mortality of around 1-2% varied geographically. Similar to outbreaks of other newly identified virus, there is no proven regimen from conventional medicine and most reports managed the patients with lopinavir/ritonavir, ribavirin, beta-interferon, glucocorticoid and supportive treatment with remdesivir undergoing clinical trial. In China, Chinese medicine is proposed as a treatment option by national and provincial guidelines with substantial utilization. We reviewed the latest national and provincial clinical guidelines, retrospective cohort studies, and case series regarding the treatment of COVID-19 by add-on Chinese medicine. We have also reviewed the clinical evidence generated from SARS and H1N1 management with hypothesized mechanisms and latest in silico findings to identify candidate Chinese medicines for the consideration of possible trials and management. Given the paucity of strongly evidence-based regimens, the available data suggest that Chinese medicine could be considered as an adjunctive therapeutic option in the management of COVID-19.
JO  - The American journal of Chinese medicine BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - 1-26
SP  - 1
EP  - 26
AN  - 32144127
DO  - 10.1142/s0192415x20500378 10.1136/bmj.m800
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Stepping Forward: Urologists' Efforts During the COVID-19 Outbreak in Singapore
AU  - Chan, M. C.
AU  - Yeo, S. E. K.
AU  - Chong, Y. L.
AU  - Lee, Y. M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European urology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32192627
DO  - 10.1016/j.eururo.2020.03.004
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Diagnosis and treatment recommendation for pediatric coronavirus disease-19]
AU  - Chen, Z.
AU  - Fu, J.
AU  - Shu, Q.
AU  - Chen, Y.
AU  - Hua, C.
AU  - Li, F.
AU  - Lin, R.
AU  - Tang, L.
AU  - Wang, T.
AU  - Wang, W.
AU  - Wang, Y.
AU  - Xu, W.
AU  - Yang, Z.
AU  - Ye, S.
AU  - Yuan, T.
AU  - Zhang, C.
AU  - Zhang, Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 49
IS  - 1
PG  - 1-8
SP  - 1
EP  - 8
AN  - 32064795
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - From the frontline of COVID-19 - How prepared are we as obstetricians: a commentary
AU  - Chua, M.
AU  - Lee, J.
AU  - Sulaiman, S.
AU  - Tan, H. K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32078048
DO  - 10.1111/1471-0528.16192
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1 and IL-6) and lung inflammation by Coronavirus-19 (COVI-19 or SARS-CoV-2): anti-inflammatory strategies
AU  - Conti, P.
AU  - Ronconi, G.
AU  - Caraffa, A.
AU  - Gallenga, C. E.
AU  - Ross, R.
AU  - Frydas, I.
AU  - Kritas, S. K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus-19 (COVI-19) involves humans as well as animals and may cause serious damage to the respiratory tract, including the lung: coronavirus disease (COVID-19). This pathogenic virus has been identified in swabs performed on the throat and nose of patients who suffer from or are suspected of the disease. When COVI-19 infect the upper and lower respiratory tract it can cause mild or highly acute respiratory syndrome with consequent release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6. The binding of COVI-19 to the Toll Like Receptor (TLR) causes the release of pro-IL-1β which is cleaved by caspase-1, followed by inflammasome activation and production of active mature IL-1β which is a mediator of lung inflammation, fever and fibrosis. Suppression of pro-inflammatory IL-1 family members and IL-6 have been shown to have a therapeutic effect in many inflammatory diseases, including viral infections. Cytokine IL-37 has the ability to suppress innate and acquired immune response and also has the capacity to inhibit inflammation by acting on IL-18Rα receptor. IL-37 performs its immunosuppressive activity by acting on mTOR and increasing the adenosine monophosphate (AMP) kinase. This cytokine inhibits class II histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules and inflammation in inflammatory diseases by suppressing MyD88 and subsequently IL-1β, IL-6, TNF and CCL2. The suppression of IL-1β by IL-37 in inflammatory state induced by coronavirus-19 can have a new therapeutic effect previously unknown. Another inhibitory cytokine is IL-38, the newest cytokine of the IL-1 family members, produced by several immune cells including B cells and macrophages. IL-38 is also a suppressor cytokine which inhibits IL-1β and other pro-inflammatory IL-family members. IL-38 is a potential therapeutic cytokine which inhibits inflammation in viral infections including that caused by coronavirus-19, providing a new relevant strategy.
JO  - Journal of biological regulators and homeostatic agents
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 34
IS  - 2
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32171193
DO  - 10.23812/conti-e.
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Eco-Virological Preliminary Study of Potentially Emerging Pathogens in Hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) Recovered at a Wildlife Treatment and Rehabilitation Center in Northern Italy
AU  - Delogu, M.
AU  - Cotti, C.
AU  - Lelli, D.
AU  - Sozzi, E.
AU  - Trogu, T.
AU  - Lavazza, A.
AU  - Garuti, G.
AU  - Castrucci, M. R.
AU  - Vaccari, G.
AU  - De Marco, M. A.
AU  - Moreno, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The Western European Hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus) is one of the four hedgehog species belonging to the genus Erinaceus. Among them, E. amurensis is extant in East Asia's areas only, whereas E. europaeus, E. roumanicus and E. concolor are mainly found in Europe. E. europaeus is endemically distributed from western to central and southern Europe, including Italy. Western European hedgehogs' ecological and feeding habits, along with their high population densities, notable synanthropic attitudes, frequent contacts with sympatric wild and domestic species, including humans, implicate the possible involvement of E. europaeus in the ecology of potentially emerging viruses, such as coronaviruses, influenza A and influenza D viruses, canine distemper virus, pestiviruses and Aujeszky's disease virus. We examined 24 E. europaeus individuals found injured in urban and rural areas of Northern Italy. Of the 24 fecal samples collected and tested for the above-mentioned pathogens by both PCR-based and virus isolation methods, 14 were found PCR-positive for betacoronaviruses belonging to lineage C and related to the known Erinaceus coronaviruses (EriCoVs), as determined by partial sequencing of the virus genome. Our findings suggest that hedgehogs could be considered natural reservoirs of CoVs, and also act as chronic shedding carriers of these potentially emerging RNA viruses.
JO  - Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 10
IS  - 3
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32121543
DO  - 10.3390/ani10030407
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Epidemiological characteristics of confirmed COVID-19 cases in Tianjin] [NOVEL CORONAVIRUS THAT RECENTLY EMERGED IN CHINA]
AU  - Dong, X. C.
AU  - Li, J. M.
AU  - Bai, J. Y.
AU  - Liu, Z. Q.
AU  - Zhou, P. H.
AU  - Gao, L.
AU  - Li, X. Y.
AU  - Zhang, Y.
AU  - Israeli, E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To investigate the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of 135 confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Tianjin. Methods: The clinical and epidemiological data of 135 cases of COVID-19 in Tianjin were collected, and the data were analyzed with descriptive method. The factors influencing the severity of the illness were analyzed. Results: Among the 135 COVID-19 cases, 72 were males and 63 were females, the age of the cases was (48.62±16.83) years, and the case fatality rate was 2.22%. Local transmission caused 74.81% of the cases. A total of 33 clusters occurred, involving 85.92% of all COVID-19 cases. The median of the incubation period of COVID-19 was 6.50 days, the average generation interval was 5 days, and the household secondary transmission rate was 20.46%. Fever was the main symptom (78.63%), followed by cough (56.48%). Multivariate regression analysis indicated that age (OR=1.038, 95%CI: 1.010-1.167) and the number of chronic underlying diseases (OR=1.709, 95%CI: 1.052-2.777) were the risk factors of severe illness. Conclusions: Fever was the main symptom at the early phase of COVID-19 in Tianjin, and the local cluster cases accounted for high proportion in confirmed COVID-19 cases reported in Tianjin. Severe illness was prone to occur in people with old age and multi underlying diseases. Strict isolation of close contacts and intensive care of high-risk groups are the main measures to reduce the morbidity and case fatality of COVID-19.
JO  - Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi = Zhonghua liuxingbingxue zazhi Harefuah
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 5
PG  - 638-642
SP  - 638
EP  - 642
AN  - 32048481
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200221-00146
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Long-Term Care Facilities and the Coronavirus Epidemic: Practical Guidelines for a Population at Highest Risk
AU  - Dosa, D.
AU  - Jump, R. L. P.
AU  - LaPlante, K.
AU  - Gravenstein, S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Medical Directors Association
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32178768
DO  - 10.1016/j.jamda.2020.03.004
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus: limit short-term economic damage
AU  - Duan, H.
AU  - Wang, S.
AU  - Yang, C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 578
IS  - 7796
PG  - 515
SP  - 515
EP  - 
AN  - 32099120
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00522-6
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Hematologic parameters in patients with COVID-19 infection Transmission routes of 2019-nCoV and controls in dental practice
AU  - Fan, B. E.
AU  - Chong, V. C. L.
AU  - Chan, S. S. W.
AU  - Lim, G. H.
AU  - Lim, K. G. E.
AU  - Tan, G. B.
AU  - Mucheli, S. S.
AU  - Kuperan, P.
AU  - Ong, K. H.
AU  - Peng, X.
AU  - Xu, X.
AU  - Li, Y.
AU  - Cheng, L.
AU  - Zhou, X.
AU  - Ren, B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A novel β-coronavirus (2019-nCoV) caused severe and even fetal pneumonia explored in a seafood market of Wuhan city, Hubei province, China, and rapidly spread to other provinces of China and other countries. The 2019-nCoV was different from SARS-CoV, but shared the same host receptor the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). The natural host of 2019-nCoV may be the bat Rhinolophus affinis as 2019-nCoV showed 96.2% of whole-genome identity to BatCoV RaTG13. The person-to-person transmission routes of 2019-nCoV included direct transmission, such as cough, sneeze, droplet inhalation transmission, and contact transmission, such as the contact with oral, nasal, and eye mucous membranes. 2019-nCoV can also be transmitted through the saliva, and the fetal-oral routes may also be a potential person-to-person transmission route. The participants in dental practice expose to tremendous risk of 2019-nCoV infection due to the face-to-face communication and the exposure to saliva, blood, and other body fluids, and the handling of sharp instruments. Dental professionals play great roles in preventing the transmission of 2019-nCoV. Here we recommend the infection control measures during dental practice to block the person-to-person transmission routes in dental clinics and hospitals.
JO  - American journal of hematology International journal of oral science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 12
IS  - 1
PG  - 9
SP  - 9
EP  - 
AN  - 32127517
DO  - 10.1002/ajh.25774 10.1038/s41368-020-0075-9
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Analysis of CT features of 15 Children with 2019 novel coronavirus infection] Active Monitoring of Persons Exposed to Patients with Confirmed COVID-19 - United States, January-February 2020
AU  - Feng, K.
AU  - Yun, Y. X.
AU  - Wang, X. F.
AU  - Yang, G. D.
AU  - Zheng, Y. J.
AU  - Lin, C. M.
AU  - Wang, L. F.
AU  - Burke, R. M.
AU  - Midgley, C. M.
AU  - Dratch, A.
AU  - Fenstersheib, M.
AU  - Haupt, T.
AU  - Holshue, M.
AU  - Ghinai, I.
AU  - Jarashow, M. C.
AU  - Lo, J.
AU  - McPherson, T. D.
AU  - Rudman, S.
AU  - Scott, S.
AU  - Hall, A. J.
AU  - Fry, A. M.
AU  - Rolfes, M. A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To explore imaging characteristics of children with 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on clinical data and chest CT images of 15 children diagnosed with 2019-nCoV. They were admitted to the third people's Hospital of Shenzhen from January 16 to February 6, 2020. The distribution and morphology of pulmonary lesions on chest CT images were analyzed. Results: Among the 15 children, there were 5 males and 10 females, aged from 4 to 14 years old. Five of the 15 children were febrile and 10 were asymptomatic on first visit. The first nasal or pharyngeal swab samples in all the 15 cases were positive for 2019-nCoV nucleic acid. For their first chest CT images, 6 patients had no lesions, while 9 patients had pulmonary inflammation lesions. Seven cases of small nodular ground glass opacities and 2 cases of speckled ground glass opacities were found. After 3 to 5 days of treatment, 2019-nCoV nucleic acid in a second respiratory sample turned negative in 6 cases. Among them, chest CT images showed less lesions in 2 cases, no lesion in 3 cases, and no improvement in 1 case. Other 9 cases were still positive in a second nucleic acid test. Six patients showed similar chest CT inflammation, while 3 patients had new lesions, which were all small nodular ground glass opacities. Conclusions: The early chest CT images of children with 2019-nCoV infection are mostly small nodular ground glass opacities. The clinical symptoms of children with 2019-nCoV infection are nonspecific. Dynamic reexamination of chest CT and nucleic acid are important. In December 2019, an outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the virus SARS-CoV-2, began in Wuhan, China (1). The disease spread widely in China, and, as of February 26, 2020, COVID-19 cases had been identified in 36 other countries and territories, including the United States. Person-to-person transmission has been widely documented, and a limited number of countries have reported sustained person-to-person spread.* On January 20, state and local health departments in the United States, in collaboration with teams deployed from CDC, began identifying and monitoring all persons considered to have had close contact(†) with patients with confirmed COVID-19 (2). The aims of these efforts were to ensure rapid evaluation and care of patients, limit further transmission, and better understand risk factors for transmission.
JO  - Zhonghua er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of pediatrics MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 58
IS  - 0
PG  - E007
SP  - E007
EP  - 
AN  - 32134909
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1310.2020.0007 10.15585/mmwr.mm6909e1
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Not Available]
AU  - Gardier, S.
AU  - Petignat, C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Revue medicale suisse
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 16
IS  - 680
PG  - 296
SP  - 296
EP  - 
AN  - 32020915
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Communication, transparency key as Canada faces new coronavirus threat Latest updates on COVID-19 from the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
AU  - Glauser, W.
AU  - Eurosurveillance Editorial, Team
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 192
IS  - 7
PG  - E171-e172
SP  - E171
EP  - e172
AN  - 32070466
DO  - 10.1503/cmaj.1095846 10.2807/1560-7917.Es.2020.25.6.2002131
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The neuroinvasive potential of SARS-CoV2 may play a role in the respiratory failure of COVID-19 patients
AU  - Li, Y. C.
AU  - Bai, W. Z.
AU  - Hashikawa, T.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Following the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), another highly pathogenic coronavirus named SARS-CoV-2 (previously known as 2019-nCoV) emerged in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, and rapidly spreads around the world. This virus shares highly homological sequence with SARS-CoV, and causes acute, highly lethal pneumonia coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with clinical symptoms similar to those reported for SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. The most characteristic symptom of patients with COVID-19 is respiratory distress, and most of the patients admitted to the intensive care could not breathe spontaneously. Additionally, some patients with COVID-19 also showed neurologic signs, such as headache, nausea, and vomiting. Increasing evidence shows that coronaviruses are not always confined to the respiratory tract and that they may also invade the central nervous system inducing neurological diseases. The infection of SARS-CoV has been reported in the brains from both patients and experimental animals, where the brainstem was heavily infected. Furthermore, some coronaviruses have been demonstrated able to spread via a synapse-connected route to the medullary cardiorespiratory center from the mechanoreceptors and chemoreceptors in the lung and lower respiratory airways. Considering the high similarity between SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV2, it remains to make clear whether the potential invasion of SARS-CoV2 is partially responsible for the acute respiratory failure of patients with COVID-19. Awareness of this may have a guiding significance for the prevention and treatment of the SARS-CoV-2-induced respiratory failure.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32104907
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25728
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel corona virus disease (COVID-19) in pregnancy: What clinical recommendations to follow?
AU  - Liang, H.
AU  - Acharya, G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 99
IS  - 4
PG  - 439-442
SP  - 439
EP  - 442
AN  - 32141062
DO  - 10.1111/aogs.13836
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Interpretation of "Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Infection by the National Health Commission (Trial Version 5)"] The Outbreak Cases with the Novel Coronavirus Suggest Upgraded Quarantine and Isolation in Korea
AU  - Lin, L.
AU  - Li, T. S.
AU  - Yoo, J. H.
AU  - Hong, S. T.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China publish the guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection (trial version 5) .With the awareness and understanding of the disease, the guidelines have been revised for recognize, treat, and prevent diseases. Then, what are the contents of the fifth edition of the guide issued updated compared to the fourth edition, now, learn together.
JO  - Zhonghua yi xue za zhi Journal of Korean medical science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 100
IS  - 0
PG  - E001
SP  - E001
EP  - 
AN  - 32030926
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2020.0001 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e62
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Defining the Epidemiology of Covid-19 - Studies Needed Chloroquine for the 2019 novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Lipsitch, M.
AU  - Swerdlow, D. L.
AU  - Finelli, L.
AU  - Colson, P.
AU  - Rolain, J. M.
AU  - Raoult, D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The New England journal of medicine International journal of antimicrobial agents
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 55
IS  - 3
PG  - 105923
SP  - 105923
EP  - 
AN  - 32070753
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMp2002125 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105923
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Can Chinese Medicine Be Used for Prevention of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)? A Review of Historical Classics, Research Evidence and Current Prevention Programs Potent binding of 2019 novel coronavirus spike protein by a SARS coronavirus-specific human monoclonal antibody
AU  - Luo, H.
AU  - Tang, Q. L.
AU  - Shang, Y. X.
AU  - Liang, S. B.
AU  - Yang, M.
AU  - Robinson, N.
AU  - Liu, J. P.
AU  - Tian, X.
AU  - Li, C.
AU  - Huang, A.
AU  - Xia, S.
AU  - Lu, S.
AU  - Shi, Z.
AU  - Lu, L.
AU  - Jiang, S.
AU  - Yang, Z.
AU  - Wu, Y.
AU  - Ying, T.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE: Since December 2019, an outbreak of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) occurred in Wuhan, and rapidly spread to almost all parts of China. This was followed by prevention programs recommending Chinese medicine (CM) for the prevention. In order to provide evidence for CM recommendations, we reviewed ancient classics and human studies. METHODS: Historical records on prevention and treatment of infections in CM classics, clinical evidence of CM on the prevention of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and H1N1 influenza, and CM prevention programs issued by health authorities in China since the COVID-19 outbreak were retrieved from different databases and websites till 12 February, 2020. Research evidence included data from clinical trials, cohort or other population studies using CM for preventing contagious respiratory virus diseases. RESULTS: The use of CM to prevent epidemics of infectious diseases was traced back to ancient Chinese practice cited in Huangdi's Internal Classic (Huang Di Nei Jing) where preventive effects were recorded. There were 3 studies using CM for prevention of SARS and 4 studies for H1N1 influenza. None of the participants who took CM contracted SARS in the 3 studies. The infection rate of H1N1 influenza in the CM group was significantly lower than the non-CM group (relative risk 0.36, 95% confidence interval 0.24-0.52; n=4). For prevention of COVID-19, 23 provinces in China issued CM programs. The main principles of CM use were to tonify qi to protect from external pathogens, disperse wind and discharge heat, and resolve dampness. The most frequently used herbs included Radix astragali (Huangqi), Radix glycyrrhizae (Gancao), Radix saposhnikoviae (Fangfeng), Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae (Baizhu), Lonicerae Japonicae Flos (Jinyinhua), and Fructus forsythia (Lianqiao). CONCLUSIONS: Based on historical records and human evidence of SARS and H1N1 influenza prevention, Chinese herbal formula could be an alternative approach for prevention of COVID-19 in high-risk population. Prospective, rigorous population studies are warranted to confirm the potential preventive effect of CM. The newly identified 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) has caused more than 11,900 laboratory-confirmed human infections, including 259 deaths, posing a serious threat to human health. Currently, however, there is no specific antiviral treatment or vaccine. Considering the relatively high identity of receptor-binding domain (RBD) in 2019-nCoV and SARS-CoV, it is urgent to assess the cross-reactivity of anti-SARS CoV antibodies with 2019-nCoV spike protein, which could have important implications for rapid development of vaccines and therapeutic antibodies against 2019-nCoV. Here, we report for the first time that a SARS-CoV-specific human monoclonal antibody, CR3022, could bind potently with 2019-nCoV RBD (KD of 6.3 nM). The epitope of CR3022 does not overlap with the ACE2 binding site within 2019-nCoV RBD. These results suggest that CR3022 may have the potential to be developed as candidate therapeutics, alone or in combination with other neutralizing antibodies, for the prevention and treatment of 2019-nCoV infections. Interestingly, some of the most potent SARS-CoV-specific neutralizing antibodies (e.g. m396, CR3014) that target the ACE2 binding site of SARS-CoV failed to bind 2019-nCoV spike protein, implying that the difference in the RBD of SARS-CoV and 2019-nCoV has a critical impact for the cross-reactivity of neutralizing antibodies, and that it is still necessary to develop novel monoclonal antibodies that could bind specifically to 2019-nCoV RBD.
JO  - Chinese journal of integrative medicine Emerging microbes & infections
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
PG  - 382-385
SP  - 382
EP  - 385
AN  - 32065055
DO  - 10.1007/s11655-020-3192-6 10.1080/22221751.2020.1729069
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Standardized diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer during the outbreak of corona virus disease 2019 in Renji hospital]
AU  - Luo, Y.
AU  - Zhong, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is currently raging in China. It has been proven that COVID-19 can be transmitted from human to human and cause hospital infection, which seriously threatens surgical staffs and inpatients. Although colorectal surgery is not a front-line subject in the fight against the epidemic, but in this special situation, it is a difficult task to provide the highest quality medical services and ensure the orderly clinical work, on the premise of maximizing the protection for patients and their families, health of medical staff, and the safety of wards and hospitals, We summarize how to carry out the clinical practice of colorectal surgery under the situation of the prevention and control of the COVID-19 epidemiology, including the procedures of diagnose and treatment for emergency patients with colorectal tumor, and share the experiences of the diagnosis of colorectal tumor, the management of patients with colorectal cancer who are scheduled to be admitted for surgery, the protection of wards, the perioperative management. More importantly, we introduce in detail the operative management and perioperative management of colorectal surgery patients suspected or diagnosed with new coronary pneumonia, including prevention and control measures for medical staff, operating rooms and surgical instruments. The main points are as follows: (1) Multidisciplinary team (MDT) must be run through the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer. The members include not only routine departments, but also respiratory department and infectious department. (2) Colonoscopy examination may cause cross infection of COVID-19 to patients and doctors. Therefore, it is prior to examine the emergency cases and life-threatening patients (bleeding, obstruction, gastrointestinal foreign bodies, etc.). If the emergent patients (intestinal obstruction) with suspected or confirmed COVID-19, the surgeons must perform emergency surgery, and intestinal decompressive tube through colonoscopy is not recommended. (3) The colorectal cancer patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 should be placed in the isolated room with separate medical devices, and the operative room with negative pressure (under -5 Pa) must be separated. All disposable medical items, body fluids and feces of the patients in perioperative periods must be unified disposed according to the medical waste standard. (4) The surgical medical workers who process colorectal cancer patients with COVID-19 must be protected by three-level. After operation, the medical workers must receive medical observation and be isolated for 14 days. We hope our "Renji experience" will be beneficial to colleagues.
JO  - Zhonghua wei chang wai ke za zhi = Chinese journal of gastrointestinal surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 23
IS  - 3
PG  - 211-216
SP  - 211
EP  - 216
AN  - 32192296
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn.441530-20200217-00057
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak: A new challenge
AU  - Lupia, T.
AU  - Scabini, S.
AU  - Mornese Pinna, S.
AU  - Di Perri, G.
AU  - De Rosa, F. G.
AU  - Corcione, S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVES: Following the public-health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) declared by the World Health Organization (WHO) on 30 January 2020 and the recent outbreak caused by 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) [officially renamed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)] in China and 29 other countries, we aimed to summarise the clinical aspects of the novelBetacoronavirus disease (COVID-19) and its possible clinical presentations together with suggested therapeutic algorithms for patients who may require antimicrobial treatment. METHODS: The currently available literature was reviewed for microbiologically confirmed infections by 2019-nCoV or COVID-19 at the time of writing (13 February 2020). A literature search was performed using the PubMed database and Cochrane Library. Search terms included 'novel coronavirus' or '2019-nCoV' or 'COVID-19'. RESULTS: Published cases occurred mostly in males (age range, 8-92 years). Cardiovascular, digestive and endocrine system diseases were commonly reported, except previous chronic pulmonary diseases [e.g. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, bronchiectasis] that were surprisingly underreported. Fever was present in all of the case series available, flanked by cough, dyspnoea, myalgia and fatigue. Multiple bilateral lobular and subsegmental areas of consolidation or bilateral ground-glass opacities were the main reported radiological features of 2019-nCoV infection, at least in the early phases of the disease. CONCLUSION: The new 2019-nCoV epidemic is mainly associated with respiratory disease and few extrapulmonary signs. However, there is a low rate of associated pre-existing respiratory co-morbidities.
JO  - Journal of global antimicrobial resistance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 21
IS  - 
PG  - 22-27
SP  - 22
EP  - 27
AN  - 32156648
DO  - 10.1016/j.jgar.2020.02.021
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Not Available]
AU  - Matter, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Revue medicale suisse
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 16
IS  - 681
PG  - 340
SP  - 340
EP  - 
AN  - 32049463
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - More than 80 clinical trials launch to test coronavirus treatments
AU  - Maxmen, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 578
IS  - 7795
PG  - 347-348
SP  - 347
EP  - 348
AN  - 32159805
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00444-3
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: The right amount of wolf
AU  - Ørstavik, R. E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Tidsskrift for den Norske laegeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny raekke
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 140
IS  - 4
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32192247
DO  - 10.4045/tidsskr.20.0190
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Practical experiences and suggestions on the eagle-eyed observer, a novel promising role for controlling nosocomial infection of the COVID-19 outbreak Machine Learning, COVID-19 (2019-nCoV), and multi-OMICS
AU  - Peng, J.
AU  - Ren, N.
AU  - Wang, M.
AU  - Zhang, G.
AU  - Tárnok, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of hospital infection Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 97
IS  - 3
PG  - 215-216
SP  - 215
EP  - 216
AN  - 32142596
DO  - 10.1016/j.jhin.2020.02.020 10.1002/cyto.a.23990
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Treatment strategies for colorectal cancer patients in tumor hospitals under the background of corona virus disease 2019]
AU  - Hu, X. H.
AU  - Niu, W. B.
AU  - Zhang, J. F.
AU  - Li, B. K.
AU  - Yu, B.
AU  - Zhang, Z. Y.
AU  - Zhou, C. X.
AU  - Zhang, X. N.
AU  - Gao, Y.
AU  - Wang, G. Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, a new outbreak of corona virus disease 2019 began to occur. Its pathogen is 2019-nCoV, which has the characteristics of strong infectivity and general susceptibility. The current situation of prevention and control of new coronavirus pneumonia is severe. In this context, as front-line medical workers bearing important responsibilities and pressure, while through strict management strategy, we can minimize the risk of infection exposure. By summarizing the research progress and guidelines in recent years in the fields of colorectal cancer disease screening, treatment strategies (including early colorectal cancer, locally advanced colorectal cancer, obstructive colorectal cancer, metastatic colorectal cancer and the treatment of patients after neoadjuvant therapy), the choice of medication and time limit for adjuvant therapy, the protective measures for patients undergoing emergency surgery, the re-examination of postoperative patients and the protection of medical staff, etc., authors improve treatment strategies in order to provide more choices for patients to obtain the best treatment under the severe epidemic situation of new coronavirus pneumonia. Meanwhile we hope that it can also provide more timely treatment modeling schemes for colleagues.
JO  - Zhonghua wei chang wai ke za zhi = Chinese journal of gastrointestinal surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 23
IS  - 3
PG  - 201-208
SP  - 201
EP  - 208
AN  - 32192294
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn.441530-20200217-00058
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Ten hot issues on diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer under the outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia]
AU  - Jiang, Z. F.
AU  - Li, J. B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zhonghua yi xue za zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 100
IS  - 10
PG  - 721-723
SP  - 721
EP  - 723
AN  - 32192284
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20200207-00218
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemiologic characteristics of early cases with 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) disease in Korea
AU  - Ki, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In about 20 days since the diagnosis of the first case of the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in Korea on January 20, 2020, 28 cases have been confirmed. Fifteen patients (53.6%) of them were male and median age of was 42 years (range, 20-73). Of the confirmed cases, 16, 9, and 3 were index (57.2%), first-generation (32.1%), and second-generation (10.7%) cases, respectively. All first-generation and second-generation patients were family members or intimate acquaintances of the index cases with close contacts. Fifteen among 16 index patients had entered Korea from January 19 to 24, 2020 while 1 patient had entered Korea on January 31, 2020. The average incubation period was 3.9 days (median, 3.0), and the reproduction number was estimated as 0.48. Three of the confirmed patients were asymptomatic when they were diagnosed. Epidemiological indicators will be revised with the availability of additional data in the future. Sharing epidemiological information among researchers worldwide is essential for efficient preparation and response in tackling this new infectious disease.
JO  - Epidemiology and health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 42
IS  - 
PG  - e2020007
SP  - e2020007
EP  - 
AN  - 32035431
DO  - 10.4178/epih.e2020007
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - New Year and coronavirus Video consultations for covid-19
AU  - Kim, C. J.
AU  - Greenhalgh, T.
AU  - Wherton, J.
AU  - Shaw, S.
AU  - Morrison, C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of exercise rehabilitation BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 16
IS  - 1
PG  - 1
SP  - 1
EP  - 
AN  - 32165352
DO  - 10.12965/jer.2040082.041 10.1136/bmj.m998
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Arguments in favour of remdesivir for treating SARS-CoV-2 infections
AU  - Ko, W. C.
AU  - Rolain, J. M.
AU  - Lee, N. Y.
AU  - Chen, P. L.
AU  - Huang, C. T.
AU  - Lee, P. I.
AU  - Hsueh, P. R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International journal of antimicrobial agents
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 105933
SP  - 105933
EP  - 
AN  - 32147516
DO  - 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105933
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How Should the Rehabilitation Community Prepare for 2019-nCoV? Are We Ready for Coronavirus Disease 2019 Arriving at Schools?
AU  - Koh, G. C.
AU  - Hoenig, H.
AU  - Choe, Y. J.
AU  - Choi, E. H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - With the 2019-nCoV pandemic spreading quickly in USA and the world, it is urgent that the rehabilitation community quickly understands the epidemiology of the virus and what we can and must do to face this microbial adversary at the early stages of this likely long global pandemic. The 2019-nCoV is a novel virus so the majority of world's population does not have prior immunity to it. It is more infectious and fatal than seasonal influenza, and definitive treatment and a vaccine are months away. Our arsenal against it are currently mainly social distancing and infection control measures.
JO  - Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation Journal of Korean medical science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 35
IS  - 11
PG  - e127
SP  - e127
EP  - 
AN  - 32193906
DO  - 10.1016/j.apmr.2020.03.003 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e127
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Early dynamics of transmission and control of COVID-19: a mathematical modelling study Soluble angiotensin-converting enzyme 2: a potential approach for coronavirus infection therapy?
AU  - Kucharski, A. J.
AU  - Russell, T. W.
AU  - Diamond, C.
AU  - Liu, Y.
AU  - Edmunds, J.
AU  - Funk, S.
AU  - Eggo, R. M.
AU  - Batlle, D.
AU  - Wysocki, J.
AU  - Satchell, K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: An outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to 95 333 confirmed cases as of March 5, 2020. Understanding the early transmission dynamics of the infection and evaluating the effectiveness of control measures is crucial for assessing the potential for sustained transmission to occur in new areas. Combining a mathematical model of severe SARS-CoV-2 transmission with four datasets from within and outside Wuhan, we estimated how transmission in Wuhan varied between December, 2019, and February, 2020. We used these estimates to assess the potential for sustained human-to-human transmission to occur in locations outside Wuhan if cases were introduced. METHODS: We combined a stochastic transmission model with data on cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan and international cases that originated in Wuhan to estimate how transmission had varied over time during January, 2020, and February, 2020. Based on these estimates, we then calculated the probability that newly introduced cases might generate outbreaks in other areas. To estimate the early dynamics of transmission in Wuhan, we fitted a stochastic transmission dynamic model to multiple publicly available datasets on cases in Wuhan and internationally exported cases from Wuhan. The four datasets we fitted to were: daily number of new internationally exported cases (or lack thereof), by date of onset, as of Jan 26, 2020; daily number of new cases in Wuhan with no market exposure, by date of onset, between Dec 1, 2019, and Jan 1, 2020; daily number of new cases in China, by date of onset, between Dec 29, 2019, and Jan 23, 2020; and proportion of infected passengers on evacuation flights between Jan 29, 2020, and Feb 4, 2020. We used an additional two datasets for comparison with model outputs: daily number of new exported cases from Wuhan (or lack thereof) in countries with high connectivity to Wuhan (ie, top 20 most at-risk countries), by date of confirmation, as of Feb 10, 2020; and data on new confirmed cases reported in Wuhan between Jan 16, 2020, and Feb 11, 2020. FINDINGS: We estimated that the median daily reproduction number (R(t)) in Wuhan declined from 2·35 (95% CI 1·15-4·77) 1 week before travel restrictions were introduced on Jan 23, 2020, to 1·05 (0·41-2·39) 1 week after. Based on our estimates of R(t), assuming SARS-like variation, we calculated that in locations with similar transmission potential to Wuhan in early January, once there are at least four independently introduced cases, there is a more than 50% chance the infection will establish within that population. INTERPRETATION: Our results show that COVID-19 transmission probably declined in Wuhan during late January, 2020, coinciding with the introduction of travel control measures. As more cases arrive in international locations with similar transmission potential to Wuhan before these control measures, it is likely many chains of transmission will fail to establish initially, but might lead to new outbreaks eventually. FUNDING: Wellcome Trust, Health Data Research UK, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, and National Institute for Health Research. A new coronavirus, referred to as SARS-CoV-2, is responsible for the recent outbreak of severe respiratory disease. This outbreak first detected in Wuhan, China in December 2019, has spread to other regions of China and to 25 other countries as of January, 2020. It has been known since the 2003 SARS epidemic that the receptor critical for SARS-CoV entry into host cells is the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). The S1 domain of the spike protein of SARS-CoV attaches the virus to its cellular receptor ACE2 on the host cells. We thought that it is timely to explain the connection between the SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, ACE2 and the rationale for soluble ACE2 as a potential therapy.
JO  - The Lancet. Infectious diseases Clinical science (London, England : 1979)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 134
IS  - 5
PG  - 543-545
SP  - 543
EP  - 545
AN  - 32167153
DO  - 10.1016/s1473-3099(20)30144-4 10.1042/cs20200163
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Skin damage among healthcare workers managing coronavirus disease-2019
AU  - Lan, J.
AU  - Song, Z.
AU  - Miao, X.
AU  - Li, H.
AU  - Li, Y.
AU  - Dong, L.
AU  - Yang, J.
AU  - An, X.
AU  - Zhang, Y.
AU  - Yang, L.
AU  - Zhou, N.
AU  - Li, J.
AU  - Cao, J.
AU  - Wang, J.
AU  - Tao, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32171808
DO  - 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.03.014
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Identification of COVID-19 Can be Quicker through Artificial Intelligence framework using a Mobile Phone-Based Survey in the Populations when Cities/Towns Are Under Quarantine Public's early response to the novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia
AU  - Rao, Asrs
AU  - Vazquez, J. A.
AU  - Zhan, S.
AU  - Yang, Y. Y.
AU  - Fu, C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We are proposing to use machine learning algorithms to be able to improve possible case identifications of COVID-19 more quicker when we use a mobile phone-based web survey. This will also reduce the spread in the susceptible populations.
JO  - Infection control and hospital epidemiology Emerging microbes & infections
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
PG  - 1-18
SP  - 1
EP  - 18
AN  - 32122250
DO  - 10.1017/ice.2020.61 10.1080/22221751.2020.1732232
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Aminoquinolines Against Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Chloroquine or Hydroxychloroquine Drive-Through Screening Center for COVID-19: a Safe and Efficient Screening System against Massive Community Outbreak
AU  - Sahraei, Z.
AU  - Shabani, M.
AU  - Shokouhi, S.
AU  - Saffaei, A.
AU  - Kwon, K. T.
AU  - Ko, J. H.
AU  - Shin, H.
AU  - Sung, M.
AU  - Kim, J. Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak is ongoing, the number of individuals to be tested for COVID-19 is rapidly increasing. For safe and efficient screening for COVID-19, drive-through (DT) screening centers have been designed and implemented in Korea. Herein, we present the overall concept, advantages, and limitations of the COVID-19 DT screening centers. The steps of the DT centers include registration, examination, specimen collection, and instructions. The entire service takes about 10 minutes for one testee without leaving his or her cars. Increased testing capacity over 100 tests per day and prevention of cross-infection between testees in the waiting space are the major advantages, while protection of staff from the outdoor atmosphere is challenging. It could be implemented in other countries to cope with the global COVID-19 outbreak and transformed according to their own situations.
JO  - International journal of antimicrobial agents Journal of Korean medical science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 35
IS  - 11
PG  - 105945
SP  - 105945
EP  - 
AN  - 32193904
DO  - 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105945 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e123
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 epidemic in Switzerland: on the importance of testing, contact tracing and isolation
AU  - Salathé, M.
AU  - Althaus, C. L.
AU  - Neher, R.
AU  - Stringhini, S.
AU  - Hodcroft, E.
AU  - Fellay, J.
AU  - Zwahlen, M.
AU  - Senti, G.
AU  - Battegay, M.
AU  - Wilder-Smith, A.
AU  - Eckerle, I.
AU  - Egger, M.
AU  - Low, N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Switzerland is among the countries with the highest number of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) cases per capita in the world. There are likely many people with undetected SARS-CoV-2 infection because testing efforts are currently not detecting all infected people, including some with clinical disease compatible with COVID-19. Testing on its own will not stop the spread of SARS-CoV-2. Testing is part of a strategy. The World Health Organization recommends a combination of measures: rapid diagnosis and immediate isolation of cases, rigorous tracking and precautionary self-isolation of close contacts. In this article, we explain why the testing strategy in Switzerland should be strengthened urgently, as a core component of a combination approach to control COVID-19.
JO  - Swiss medical weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 150
IS  - 
PG  - w20225
SP  - w20225
EP  - 
AN  - 32191813
DO  - 10.4414/smw.2020.20225
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Can the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Affect the Eyes? A Review of Coronaviruses and Ocular Implications in Humans and Animals COVID-19 in the Shadows of MERS-CoV in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
AU  - Seah, I.
AU  - Agrawal, R.
AU  - Barry, M.
AU  - Al Amri, M.
AU  - Memish, Z. A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, a novel coronavirus (CoV) epidemic, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus - 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged from China. This virus causes the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Since then, there have been anecdotal reports of ocular infection. The ocular implications of human CoV infections have not been widely studied. However, CoVs have been known to cause various ocular infections in animals. Clinical entities such as conjunctivitis, anterior uveitis, retinitis, and optic neuritis have been documented in feline and murine models. In this article, the current evidence suggesting possible human CoV infection of ocular tissue is reviewed. The review article will also highlight animal CoVs and their associated ocular infections. We hope that this article will serve as a start for further research into the ocular implications of human CoV infections. Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) has plagued the Middle East since it was first reported in 2012. Recently, at the end of December 2019, a cluster of pneumonia cases were reported from Wuhan city, Hubei Province, China, linked to a wet seafood market with a new coronavirus identified as the etiologic agent currently named SARS-CoV-2. Most cases are in Mainland China with international spread to 25 countries. The novelty of the virus, the rapid national and international spread, and the lack of therapeutic and preventative strategies have led the WHO International Health Regulation emergency committee to declare the disease as Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) on January 30, 2020. As it relates to countries with the ongoing MERS-CoV community cases and hospital acquired infections, there will be a huge challenge for HCWs to deal with both coronaviruses, especially with the lack of standardized and approved point of care testing. This challenge will now be faced by the whole global health community dealing with COVID-19 since both coronaviruses have similar presentation. Those patients should now be tested for both MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 simultaneously, and with the continuing wide international spread of SARS-CoV-2, the travel history to China in the last 14 days will be of less significance.
JO  - Ocular immunology and inflammation Journal of epidemiology and global health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 10
IS  - 1
PG  - 1-5
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
AN  - 32175703
DO  - 10.1080/09273948.2020.1738501 10.2991/jegh.k.200218.003
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Emerging 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Pneumonia
AU  - Song, F.
AU  - Shi, N.
AU  - Shan, F.
AU  - Zhang, Z.
AU  - Shen, J.
AU  - Lu, H.
AU  - Ling, Y.
AU  - Jiang, Y.
AU  - Shi, Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BackgroundThe chest CT findings of patients with 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) pneumonia have not previously been described in detail.PurposeTo investigate the clinical, laboratory, and imaging findings of emerging 2019-nCoV pneumonia in humans.Materials and MethodsFifty-one patients (25 men and 26 women; age range 16-76 years) with laboratory-confirmed 2019-nCoV infection by using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction underwent thin-section CT. The imaging findings, clinical data, and laboratory data were evaluated.ResultsFifty of 51 patients (98%) had a history of contact with individuals from the endemic center in Wuhan, China. Fever (49 of 51, 96%) and cough (24 of 51, 47%) were the most common symptoms. Most patients had a normal white blood cell count (37 of 51, 73%), neutrophil count (44 of 51, 86%), and either normal (17 of 51, 35%) or reduced (33 of 51, 65%) lymphocyte count. CT images showed pure ground-glass opacity (GGO) in 39 of 51 (77%) patients and GGO with reticular and/or interlobular septal thickening in 38 of 51 (75%) patients. GGO with consolidation was present in 30 of 51 (59%) patients, and pure consolidation was present in 28 of 51 (55%) patients. Forty-four of 51 (86%) patients had bilateral lung involvement, while 41 of 51 (80%) involved the posterior part of the lungs and 44 of 51 (86%) were peripheral. There were more consolidated lung lesions in patients 5 days or more from disease onset to CT scan versus 4 days or fewer (431 of 712 lesions vs 129 of 612 lesions; P < .001). Patients older than 50 years had more consolidated lung lesions than did those aged 50 years or younger (212 of 470 vs 198 of 854; P < .001). Follow-up CT in 13 patients showed improvement in seven (54%) patients and progression in four (31%) patients.ConclusionPatients with fever and/or cough and with conspicuous ground-glass opacity lesions in the peripheral and posterior lungs on CT images, combined with normal or decreased white blood cells and a history of epidemic exposure, are highly suspected of having 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) pneumonia.© RSNA, 2020.
JO  - Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 295
IS  - 1
PG  - 210-217
SP  - 210
EP  - 217
AN  - 32027573
DO  - 10.1148/radiol.2020200274
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical characteristics of hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection: A single arm meta-analysis
AU  - Sun, P.
AU  - Qie, S.
AU  - Liu, Z.
AU  - Ren, J.
AU  - Li, K.
AU  - Xi, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE: We aim to summarize reliable evidence of evidence-based medicine for the treatment and prevention of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) by analyzing all the published studies on the clinical characteristics of patients with SARS-CoV-2. METHODS: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and other databases were searched. Several studies on the clinical characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 infection were collected for meta-analysis. RESULTS: Ten studies were included in Meta-analysis, including a total number of 50466 patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Meta-analysis shows that, among these patients, the incidence of fever was 0.891 (95% CI: 0.818, 0.945), the incidence of cough was 0.722 (95% CI: 0.657, 0.782), and the incidence of muscle soreness or fatigue was 0.425 (95% CI: 0.213, 0.652). The incidence of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) was 0.148 (95% CI: 0.046, 0.296), the incidence of abnormal chest computer tomography (CT) was 0.966 (95% CI: 0.921, 0.993), the percentage of severe cases in all infected cases was 0.181 (95% CI: 0.127, 0.243), and the case fatality rate of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection was 0.043 (95% CI: 0.027, 0.061). CONCLUSION: Fever and cough are the most common symptoms in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection, and most of these patients have abnormal chest CT examination. Several people have muscle soreness or fatigue as well as ARDS. Diarrhea, hemoptysis, headache, sore throat, shock, and other symptoms are rare. The case fatality rate of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection is lower than that of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS). This meta-analysis also has limitations, so the conclusions of this Meta-analysis still need to be verified by more relevant studies with more careful design, more rigorous execution, and larger sample size.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32108351
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25735
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Receptor Recognition by the Novel Coronavirus from Wuhan: an Analysis Based on Decade-Long Structural Studies of SARS Coronavirus
AU  - Wan, Y.
AU  - Shang, J.
AU  - Graham, R.
AU  - Baric, R. S.
AU  - Li, F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Recently, a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) has emerged from Wuhan, China, causing symptoms in humans similar to those caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV). Since the SARS-CoV outbreak in 2002, extensive structural analyses have revealed key atomic-level interactions between the SARS-CoV spike protein receptor-binding domain (RBD) and its host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which regulate both the cross-species and human-to-human transmissions of SARS-CoV. Here, we analyzed the potential receptor usage by 2019-nCoV, based on the rich knowledge about SARS-CoV and the newly released sequence of 2019-nCoV. First, the sequence of 2019-nCoV RBD, including its receptor-binding motif (RBM) that directly contacts ACE2, is similar to that of SARS-CoV, strongly suggesting that 2019-nCoV uses ACE2 as its receptor. Second, several critical residues in 2019-nCoV RBM (particularly Gln493) provide favorable interactions with human ACE2, consistent with 2019-nCoV's capacity for human cell infection. Third, several other critical residues in 2019-nCoV RBM (particularly Asn501) are compatible with, but not ideal for, binding human ACE2, suggesting that 2019-nCoV has acquired some capacity for human-to-human transmission. Last, while phylogenetic analysis indicates a bat origin of 2019-nCoV, 2019-nCoV also potentially recognizes ACE2 from a diversity of animal species (except mice and rats), implicating these animal species as possible intermediate hosts or animal models for 2019-nCoV infections. These analyses provide insights into the receptor usage, cell entry, host cell infectivity and animal origin of 2019-nCoV and may help epidemic surveillance and preventive measures against 2019-nCoV.IMPORTANCE The recent emergence of Wuhan coronavirus (2019-nCoV) puts the world on alert. 2019-nCoV is reminiscent of the SARS-CoV outbreak in 2002 to 2003. Our decade-long structural studies on the receptor recognition by SARS-CoV have identified key interactions between SARS-CoV spike protein and its host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which regulate both the cross-species and human-to-human transmissions of SARS-CoV. One of the goals of SARS-CoV research was to build an atomic-level iterative framework of virus-receptor interactions to facilitate epidemic surveillance, predict species-specific receptor usage, and identify potential animal hosts and animal models of viruses. Based on the sequence of 2019-nCoV spike protein, we apply this predictive framework to provide novel insights into the receptor usage and likely host range of 2019-nCoV. This study provides a robust test of this reiterative framework, providing the basic, translational, and public health research communities with predictive insights that may help study and battle this novel 2019-nCoV.
JO  - Journal of virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 94
IS  - 7
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 31996437
DO  - 10.1128/jvi.00127-20
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [COVID-19 complicated with DIC: 2 cases report and literatures review] Coronavirus Disease 2019 outbreak: preparedness and readiness of countries in the Eastern Mediterranean Region
AU  - Wang, Y. D.
AU  - Zhang, S. P.
AU  - Wei, Q. Z.
AU  - Zhao, M. M.
AU  - Mei, H.
AU  - Zhang, Z. L.
AU  - Hu, Y.
AU  - Al-Mandhari, A.
AU  - Samhouri, D.
AU  - Abubakar, A.
AU  - Brennan, R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - On 31 December 2019, a cluster of acute respiratory illness was reported from China and later confirmed as novel coronavirus on 7 January 2020. This virus is the same member of the coronavirus family that caused the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV) reported in China 2003, and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS-CoV) reported in Saudi Arabia in 2012. The initial cases have been linked to a live seafood market in Wuhan, China, and the specific animal source is yet to be determined. The detection of this new virus in humans without knowing the source of the infection has raised greatly heightened concerns not only in China, but also internationally. To date, the outbreak has spread to most provinces in China and 25 other countries within a relatively short period. Consequent to its spread, Dr Tedros Ghebreyesus, Director General of the World Health Organization (WHO), declared the outbreak a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) on 30 January 2020.
JO  - Zhonghua xue ye xue za zhi = Zhonghua xueyexue zazhi Eastern Mediterranean health journal = La revue de sante de la Mediterranee orientale = al-Majallah al-sihhiyah li-sharq al-mutawassit
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 0
PG  - E001
SP  - E001
EP  - 
AN  - 32141588
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2020.0001 10.26719/2020.26.2.136
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Novel Coronavirus: A Bird's Eye View Updates on Wuhan 2019 novel coronavirus epidemic
AU  - Habibzadeh, P.
AU  - Stoneman, E. K.
AU  - Kofi Ayittey, F.
AU  - Dzuvor, C.
AU  - Kormla Ayittey, M.
AU  - Bennita Chiwero, N.
AU  - Habib, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak, which initially began in China, has spread to many countries around the globe, with the number of confirmed cases increasing every day. With a death toll exceeding that of the SARS-CoV outbreak back in 2002 and 2003 in China, 2019-nCoV has led to a public health emergency of international concern, putting all health organizations on high alert. Herein, we present on an overview of the currently available information on the pathogenesis, epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of this virus.
JO  - The international journal of occupational and environmental medicine Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 11
IS  - 2
PG  - 65-71
SP  - 65
EP  - 71
AN  - 32017153
DO  - 10.15171/ijoem.2020.1921 10.1002/jmv.25695
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Not Available]
AU  - Nau, J. Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Revue medicale suisse
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 16
IS  - 681
PG  - 336-337
SP  - 336
EP  - 337
AN  - 32049461
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus: global solutions to prevent a pandemic
AU  - Watts, C. H.
AU  - Vallance, P.
AU  - Whitty, C. J. M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 578
IS  - 7795
PG  - 363
SP  - 363
EP  - 
AN  - 32071448
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00457-y
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Travellers give wings to novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)
AU  - Wilson, M. E.
AU  - Chen, L. H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of travel medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 27
IS  - 2
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32010938
DO  - 10.1093/jtm/taaa015
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Emergency Caesarean delivery in a patient with confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 under spinal anaesthesia
AU  - Xia, H.
AU  - Zhao, S.
AU  - Wu, Z.
AU  - Luo, H.
AU  - Zhou, C.
AU  - Chen, X.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - British journal of anaesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32192580
DO  - 10.1016/j.bja.2020.02.016
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Topological dynamics of the 2015 South Korea MERS-CoV spread-on-contact networks
AU  - Yang, C. H.
AU  - Jung, H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Network analysis to examine infectious contact relations provides an important means to uncover the topologies of individual infectious contact networks. This study aims to investigate the spread of diseases among individuals over contact networks by exploring the 2015 Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) outbreak in Korea. We present several distinct features of MERS transmission by employing a comprehensive approach in network research to examine both the traced relationship matrix of infected individuals and their bipartite transmission routes among healthcare facilities visited for treatment. The results indicate that a few super-spreaders were more likely to hold certain structural advantages by linking to an exceptional number of other individuals, causing several ongoing transmission events in neighbourhoods without the aid of any intermediary. Thus, the infectious contact network exhibited small-world dynamics characterised by locally clustered contacts exposed to transmission paths via short path lengths. In addition, nosocomial infection analysis shows the pattern of a common-source outbreak followed by secondary person-to-person transmission of the disease. Based on the results, we suggest policy implications related to the redesign of prevention and control strategies against the spread of epidemics.
JO  - Scientific reports
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 10
IS  - 1
PG  - 4327
SP  - 4327
EP  - 
AN  - 32152361
DO  - 10.1038/s41598-020-61133-9
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A systematic review of lopinavir therapy for SARS coronavirus and MERS coronavirus-A possible reference for coronavirus disease-19 treatment option Audio Interview: Preparing for the Spread of Covid-19
AU  - Yao, T. T.
AU  - Qian, J. D.
AU  - Zhu, W. Y.
AU  - Wang, Y.
AU  - Wang, G. Q.
AU  - Rubin, E. J.
AU  - Baden, L. R.
AU  - Morrissey, S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In the past few decades, coronaviruses have risen as a global threat to public health. Currently, the outbreak of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) from Wuhan caused a worldwide panic. There are no specific antiviral therapies for COVID-19. However, there are agents that were used during the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) epidemics. We could learn from SARS and MERS. Lopinavir (LPV) is an effective agent that inhibits the protease activity of coronavirus. In this review, we discuss the literature on the efficacy of LPV in vitro and in vivo, especially in patients with SARS and MERS, so that we might clarify the potential for the use of LPV in patients with COVID-19.
JO  - Journal of medical virology The New England journal of medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 382
IS  - 9
PG  - e18
SP  - e18
EP  - 
AN  - 32101683
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25729 10.1056/NEJMe2003319
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Explanation of expert recommendations on medical nutrition for patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia]
AU  - Yu, K. Y.
AU  - Shi, H. P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zhonghua yi xue za zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 100
IS  - 10
PG  - 724-728
SP  - 724
EP  - 728
AN  - 32192285
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20200205-00196
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Respiratory support for severe 2019-nCoV pneumonia suffering from acute respiratory failure: time and strategy] COVID-19, Australia: Epidemiology Report 4 (Reporting week ending 19:00 AEDT 22 February 2020)
AU  - Yuan, X.
AU  - Mu, J. S.
AU  - Mo, G. X.
AU  - Hu, X. S.
AU  - Yan, P.
AU  - Xie, L. X.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Respiratory support is a very important technique for saving severe 2019-nCoV pneumonia patients who suffering respiratory failure, which can improve oxygenation, reduce mortality. Therefore, how to reasonable using respiratory support technique is the key point that relating success or failure. In this paper, the authors introduce their experience on treating severe 2019-nCoV pneumonia, it is hopeful for current fighting against 2019-nCoV in China. This is the fourth epidemiological report for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), reported in Australia as at 19:00 Australian Eastern Daylight Time [AEDT] 22 February 2020. It includes data on COVID-19 cases diagnosed in Australia, the international situation and a review of current evidence.
JO  - Zhonghua jie he he hu xi za zhi = Zhonghua jiehe he huxi zazhi = Chinese journal of tuberculosis and respiratory diseases Communicable diseases intelligence (2018)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 3
PG  - E010
SP  - E010
EP  - 
AN  - 32098616
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2020.0010 10.33321/cdi.2020.44.17
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Imaging changes of severe COVID-19 pneumonia in advanced stage Traditional Chinese medicine is a resource for drug discovery against 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2)
AU  - Zhang, W.
AU  - Ling, C. Q.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Intensive care medicine Journal of integrative medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 18
IS  - 2
PG  - 87-88
SP  - 87
EP  - 88
AN  - 32122812
DO  - 10.1007/s00134-020-05990-y 10.1016/j.joim.2020.02.004
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Abnormal coagulation parameters are associated with poor prognosis in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia Letter to the Editor: Case of the Index Patient Who Caused Tertiary Transmission of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Korea: the Application of Lopinavir/Ritonavir for the Treatment of COVID-19 Pneumonia Monitored by Quantitative RT-PCR
AU  - Tang, N.
AU  - Li, D.
AU  - Wang, X.
AU  - Sun, Z.
AU  - Kim, J. Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: In the recent outbreak of novel coronavirus infection in Wuhan, China, significantly abnormal coagulation parameters in severe novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) cases were a concern. OBJECTIVES: To describe the coagulation feature of patients with NCP. METHODS: Conventional coagulation results and outcomes of 183 consecutive patients with confirmed NCP in Tongji hospital were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: The overall mortality was 11.5%, the non-survivors revealed significantly higher D-dimer and fibrin degradation product (FDP) levels, longer prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time compared to survivors on admission (P < .05); 71.4% of non-survivors and 0.6% survivors met the criteria of disseminated intravascular coagulation during their hospital stay. CONCLUSIONS: The present study shows that abnormal coagulation results, especially markedly elevated D-dimer and FDP are common in deaths with NCP.
JO  - Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH Journal of Korean medical science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 35
IS  - 7
PG  - e88
SP  - e88
EP  - 
AN  - 32080992
DO  - 10.1111/jth.14768 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e88
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19, a pandemic or not? Treatment of COVID-19: old tricks for new challenges
AU  - The Lancet Infectious, Diseases
AU  - Cunningham, A. C.
AU  - Goh, H. P.
AU  - Koh, D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet. Infectious diseases Critical care (London, England)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 24
IS  - 1
PG  - 91
SP  - 91
EP  - 
AN  - 32178711
DO  - 10.1016/s1473-3099(20)30180-8 10.1186/s13054-020-2818-6
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: social distancing, ACE 2 receptors, protease inhibitors and beyond? The novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) emergency and the role of timely and effective national health surveillance
AU  - Thomson, G.
AU  - Lana, R. M.
AU  - Coelho, F. C.
AU  - Gomes, Mfdc
AU  - Cruz, O. G.
AU  - Bastos, L. S.
AU  - Villela, D. A. M.
AU  - Codeço, C. T.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - I am most grateful to Dr Stein for his thoughtful and considered response to my recent letter((1)) . However, completely as he predicted, his answers only raised more questions. I was struck by the analysis of the known mortality data from COVID-19. It is interesting that for a respiratory pathogen, risk of mortality seems to be lower for those with underlying respiratory disease than with pre-existing cardiac pathology.
JO  - International journal of clinical practice Cadernos de saude publica
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 36
IS  - 3
PG  - e13503
SP  - e13503
EP  - 
AN  - 32187288
DO  - 10.1111/ijcp.13503 10.1590/0102-311x00019620
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Co-infection with SARS-CoV-2 and Human Metapneumovirus
AU  - Touzard-Romo, F.
AU  - Tapé, C.
AU  - Lonks, J. R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus (now called SARS-CoV-2) initially discovered in Wuhan, China, has now become a global pandemic. We describe a patient presenting to an Emergency Department in Rhode Island on March 12, 2020 with cough and shortness of breath after a trip to Jamaica. The patient underwent nasopharyngeal swab for a respiratory pathogen panel as well as SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR. When the respiratory pathogen panel was positive for human metapneumovirus, the patient was treated and discharged. SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR came back positive 24 hours later. Although respiratory viral co-infection is thought to be relatively uncommon in adults, this case reflects that SARS-CoV-2 testing algorithms that exclude patients who test positive for routine viral pathogens may miss SARS-CoV-2 co-infected patients.
JO  - Rhode Island medical journal (2013)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 103
IS  - 2
PG  - 75-76
SP  - 75
EP  - 76
AN  - 32192233
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Antiviral Action of Tryptanthrin Isolated from Strobilanthes cusia Leaf against Human Coronavirus NL63
AU  - Tsai, Y. C.
AU  - Lee, C. L.
AU  - Yen, H. R.
AU  - Chang, Y. S.
AU  - Lin, Y. P.
AU  - Huang, S. H.
AU  - Lin, C. W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Strobilanthes cusia (Nees) Kuntze is a Chinese herbal medicine used in the treatment of respiratory virus infections. The methanol extract of S. cusia leaf contains chemical components such as β-sitosterol, indirubin, tryptanthrin, betulin, indigodole A, and indigodole B that have diverse biological activities. However, the antiviral action of S. cusia leaf and its components against human coronavirus remains to be elucidated. Human coronavirus NL63 infection is frequent among immunocompromised individuals, young children, and in the elderly. This study investigated the anti-Human coronavirus NL63 (HCoV-NL63) activity of the methanol extract of S. cusia leaf and its major components. The methanol extract of S. cusia leaf effectively inhibited the cytopathic effect (CPE) and virus yield (IC(50) = 0.64 μg/mL) in HCoV-NL63-infected cells. Moreover, this extract potently inhibited the HCoV-NL63 infection in a concentration-dependent manner. Among the six components identified in the methanol extract of S. cusia leaf, tryptanthrin and indigodole B (5aR-ethyltryptanthrin) exhibited potent antiviral activity in reducing the CPE and progeny virus production. The IC(50) values against virus yield were 1.52 μM and 2.60 μM for tryptanthrin and indigodole B, respectively. Different modes of time-of-addition/removal assay indicated that tryptanthrin prevented the early and late stages of HCoV-NL63 replication, particularly by blocking viral RNA genome synthesis and papain-like protease 2 activity. Notably, tryptanthrin (IC(50) = 0.06 μM) and indigodole B (IC(50) = 2.09 μM) exhibited strong virucidal activity as well. This study identified tryptanthrin as the key active component of S. cusia leaf methanol extract that acted against HCoV-NL63 in a cell-type independent manner. The results specify that tryptanthrin possesses antiviral potential against HCoV-NL63 infection.
JO  - Biomolecules
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 10
IS  - 3
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32120929
DO  - 10.3390/biom10030366
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease Outbreak and Molecular Genetic Characteristics of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus-2
AU  - Jeong, Yong Seok
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreaks that emerged in Wuhan city, Hubei province, have led to a formidable number of confirmed cases that resulted in >5,700 deaths globally, including 143 countries in all 6 continents. The World Health Organization declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern with a very high level of global risk assessment. Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the agent of COVID-19, has >79% nucleotide sequence homology to SARS-CoV; therefore, both belong to the genus betacoronavirus and subgenus sarbecovirus. The S1 domains of the two appeared to share the cellular receptor ACE2, but revealed a much higher S1-ACE2 binding affinity. As seen in many other human coronaviruses, SARS-CoV-2 also shows respiratory infection, but the basic reproductive number (R₀) in transmission and the clinical latency are quite dissimilar from those of SARS- or MERS-CoVs. Many scientists infer that the time point of cross-barrier transfer from bats to mediate animals or to humans should be a rather recent event based on the full-length genome analyses obtained from the very first patients. Copy-choice polymerization, which often leads to a significant genome recombination rate in most coronaviruses, predicts the continued emergence of novel coronaviruses.
JO  - J Bacteriol Virol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 50
IS  - 1
PG  - 1-8
SP  - 1
EP  - 8
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4167/jbv.2020.50.1.001
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Clinical features and chest CT findings of coronavirus disease 2019 in infants and young children]
AU  - Zhou, Y.
AU  - Yang, G. D.
AU  - Feng, K.
AU  - Huang, H.
AU  - Yun, Y. X.
AU  - Mou, X. Y.
AU  - Wang, L. F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical features and chest CT findings of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in infants and young children. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data and chest CT images of 9 children, aged 0 to 3 years, who were diagnosed with COVID-19 by nucleic acid detection between January 20 and February 10, 2020. RESULTS: All 9 children had an epidemiological history, and family clustering was observed for all infected children. Among the 9 children with COVID-19, 5 had no symptoms, 4 had fever, 2 had cough, and 1 had rhinorrhea. There were only symptoms of the respiratory system. Laboratory examination showed no reductions in leukocyte or lymphocyte count. Among the 9 children, 6 had an increase in lymphocyte count and 2 had an increase in leukocyte count. CT examination showed that among the 9 children, 8 had pulmonary inflammation located below the pleura or near the interlobar fissure and 3 had lesions distributed along the bronchovascular bundles. As for the morphology of the lesions, 6 had nodular lesions and 7 had patchy lesions; ground glass opacity with consolidation was observed in 6 children, among whom 3 had halo sign, and there was no typical paving stone sign. CONCLUSIONS: Infants and young children with COVID-19 tend to have mild clinical symptoms and imaging findings not as typical as those of adults, and therefore, the diagnosis of COVID-19 should be made based on imaging findings along with epidemiological history and nucleic acid detection. Chest CT has guiding significance for the early diagnosis of asymptomatic children.
JO  - Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 22
IS  - 3
PG  - 215-220
SP  - 215
EP  - 220
AN  - 32204756
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [CT imaging features of patients with different clinical types of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)]
AU  - Zhong, Q.
AU  - Li, Z.
AU  - Shen, X.
AU  - Xu, K.
AU  - Shen, Y.
AU  - Fang, Q.
AU  - Chen, F.
AU  - Liang, T.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE: To analyze the CT findings of patients with different clinical types of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). METHODS: A total of 67 patients diagnosed as COVID-19 by nucleic acid testing were included and divided into 4 groups according to the clinical staging based on Diagnosis and treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia (Trial version 6). The CT imaging characteristics were analyzed among patients with different clinical types. RESULTS: Among 67 patients, 3 (4.5%) were mild cases, 35 (52.2%) were ordinary cases, 22 (32.8%) were severe cases, and 7 (10.4%) were critically ill. There were no abnormal CT findings in mild cases. In 35 ordinary cases, there were single lesions in 3 cases (8.6%) and multiple lesions in 33 cases (91.4%), while in severe case 1 case had single lesion (4.5%) and 21 had multiple lesions (95.5%). CT images of ordinary patients were mainly manifested as solid plaque shadow and halo sign (18/35, 51.4%); while fibrous strip shadow with ground glass shadow was more frequent in severe cases (7/22, 31.8%). Consolidation shadow as the main lesion was observed in 7 cases, and all of them were severe or critical ill patients. CONCLUSIONS: CT images in patients with different clinical types of COVID-19 have characteristic manifestations, and solid shadow may predict severe and critical illness.
JO  - Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 49
IS  - 1
PG  - 0
SP  - 0
EP  - 
AN  - 32207591
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Functional exhaustion of antiviral lymphocytes in COVID-19 patients
AU  - Zheng, M.
AU  - Gao, Y.
AU  - Wang, G.
AU  - Song, G.
AU  - Liu, S.
AU  - Sun, D.
AU  - Xu, Y.
AU  - Tian, Z.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Cellular & molecular immunology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32203188
DO  - 10.1038/s41423-020-0402-2
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical Characteristics of Children with Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Hubei, China
AU  - Zheng, F.
AU  - Liao, C.
AU  - Fan, Q. H.
AU  - Chen, H. B.
AU  - Zhao, X. G.
AU  - Xie, Z. G.
AU  - Li, X. L.
AU  - Chen, C. X.
AU  - Lu, X. X.
AU  - Liu, Z. S.
AU  - Lu, W.
AU  - Chen, C. B.
AU  - Jiao, R.
AU  - Zhang, A. M.
AU  - Wang, J. T.
AU  - Ding, X. W.
AU  - Zeng, Y. G.
AU  - Cheng, L. P.
AU  - Huang, Q. F.
AU  - Wu, J.
AU  - Luo, X. C.
AU  - Wang, Z. J.
AU  - Zhong, Y. Y.
AU  - Bai, Y.
AU  - Wu, X. Y.
AU  - Jin, R. M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, COVID-19 has occurred unexpectedly and emerged as a health problem worldwide. Despite the rapidly increasing number of cases in subsequent weeks, the clinical characteristics of pediatric cases are rarely described. A cross-sectional multicenter study was carried out in 10 hospitals across Hubei province. A total of 25 confirmed pediatric cases of COVID-19 were collected. The demographic data, epidemiological history, underlying diseases, clinical manifestations, laboratory and radiological data, treatments, and outcomes were analyzed. Of 25 hospitalized patients with COVID-19, the boy to girl ratio was 1.27:1. The median age was 3 years. COVID-19 cases in children aged <3 years, 3.6 years, and >/=6-years patients were 10 (40%), 6 (24%), and 9 (36%), respectively. The most common symptoms at onset of illness were fever (13 [52%]), and dry cough (11 [44%]). Chest CT images showed essential normal in 8 cases (33.3%), unilateral involvement of lungs in 5 cases (20.8%), and bilateral involvement in 11 cases (45.8%). Clinical diagnoses included upper respiratory tract infection (n=8), mild pneumonia (n=15), and critical cases (n=2). Two critical cases (8%) were given invasive mechanical ventilation, corticosteroids, and immunoglobulin. The symptoms in 24 (96%) of 25 patients were alleviated and one patient had been discharged. It was concluded that children were susceptible to COVID-19 like adults, while the clinical presentations and outcomes were more favorable in children. However, children less than 3 years old accounted for majority cases and critical cases lied in this age group, which demanded extra attentions during home caring and hospitalization treatment.
JO  - Current medical science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32207032
DO  - 10.1007/s11596-020-2172-6
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemiological, clinical characteristics of cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection with abnormal imaging findings
AU  - Zhang, X.
AU  - Cai, H.
AU  - Hu, J.
AU  - Lian, J.
AU  - Gu, J.
AU  - Zhang, S.
AU  - Ye, C.
AU  - Lu, Y.
AU  - Jin, C.
AU  - Yu, G.
AU  - Jia, H.
AU  - Zhang, Y.
AU  - Sheng, J.
AU  - Li, L.
AU  - Yang, Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - PURPOSE: To investigate the epidemiological, clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients with abnormal imaging findings. METHODS: Patients confirmed with SARS-CoV-2 infection of Zhejiang province from Jan 17 to Feb 8 underwent CT or x-ray were enrolled. Epidemiological, clinical data were analyzed between those with abnormal or normal imaging findings. RESULTS: Excluding 72 patients with normal images, 230 of 573 patients affected more than two lobes. The median radiograph score was 2.0 and there's negative correlation between the score and oxygenation index (rho=-0.657,P < 0.001). Patients with abnormal images were older (46.65 +/- 13.82), with higher rate of coexisting condition(28.8%), lower rate of exposure history and longer time between onset and confirmation(5d) than non-pneumonia patients(all P < 0.05). Higher rate of fever, cough, expectoration, and headache, lower lymphocytes, albumin, serum sodium levels and higher total bilirubin, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase and C-reactive protein levels and lower oxygenation index were observed in pneumonia patients (all P < 0.05). Muscle ache, shortness of breath, nausea and vomiting, lower lymphocytes levels and higher serum creatinine and radiograph score at admission were predictive factors for severe/critical subtype. CONCLUSION: Patients with abnormal images have more obvious clinical manifestations and laboratory changes. Combing clinical features and radiograph score can effectively predict severe/critical type.
JO  - International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32205284
DO  - 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.03.040
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Crystal structure of SARS-CoV-2 main protease provides a basis for design of improved alpha-ketoamide inhibitors
AU  - Zhang, L.
AU  - Lin, D.
AU  - Sun, X.
AU  - Curth, U.
AU  - Drosten, C.
AU  - Sauerhering, L.
AU  - Becker, S.
AU  - Rox, K.
AU  - Hilgenfeld, R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 is a global health emergency. An attractive drug target among coronaviruses is the main protease (M(pro), 3CL(pro)), due to its essential role in processing the polyproteins that are translated from the viral RNA. We report the X-ray structures of the unliganded SARS-CoV-2 M(pro) and its complex with an alpha-ketoamide inhibitor. This was derived from a previously designed inhibitor but with the P3-P2 amide bond incorporated into a pyridone ring to enhance the half-life of the compound in plasma. Based on the structure, we developed the lead compound into a potent inhibitor of the SARS-CoV-2 M(pro) The pharmacokinetic characterization of the optimized inhibitor reveals a pronounced lung tropism and suitability for administration by the inhalative route.
JO  - Science (New York, N.Y.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32198291
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb3405
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Ethics Committee Reviews of Applications for Research Studies at 1 Hospital in China During the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Epidemic
AU  - Zhang, Hui
AU  - Shao, Fengmin
AU  - Gu, Jianqin
AU  - Li, Li
AU  - Wang, Yuming
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Jama
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - MEDLINE:32202608
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.4362
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32202608
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Strategies for qualified triage stations and fever clinics during the outbreak of COVID-2019 in the county hospitals of Western Chongqing
AU  - Wu, X.
AU  - Zhou, H.
AU  - Huang, W.
AU  - Jia, B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of hospital infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32205161
DO  - 10.1016/j.jhin.2020.03.021
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A review of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) based on current evidence
AU  - Wang, L. S.
AU  - Wang, Y. R.
AU  - Ye, D. W.
AU  - Liu, Q. Q.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The pneumonia caused by novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) in Wuhan, China in December 2019 is a highly contagious disease. The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared the ongoing outbreak as a global public health emergency. Currently, the research on novel coronavirus is still in the primary stage. Based on the current published evidence, we systematically summarizes the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of knowledge surrounding COVID-19. This review in the hope of helping the public effectively recognize and deal with the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), and providing a reference for future studies.
JO  - International journal of antimicrobial agents
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 105948
SP  - 105948
EP  - 
AN  - 32201353
DO  - 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105948
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mediastinal Emphysema, Giant Bulla, and Pneumothorax Developed during the Course of COVID-19 Pneumonia
AU  - Sun, R.
AU  - Liu, H.
AU  - Wang, X.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia is a recent outbreak in mainland China and has rapidly spread to multiple countries worldwide. Pulmonary parenchymal opacities are often observed during chest radiography. Currently, few cases have reported the complications of severe COVID-19 pneumonia. We report a case where serial follow-up chest computed tomography revealed progression of pulmonary lesions into confluent bilateral consolidation with lower lung predominance, thereby confirming COVID-19 pneumonia. Furthermore, complications such as mediastinal emphysema, giant bulla, and pneumothorax were also observed during the course of the disease.
JO  - Korean journal of radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32207255
DO  - 10.3348/kjr.2020.0180
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus tests: researchers chase new diagnostics to fight the pandemic
AU  - Subbaraman, N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32205872
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00827-6
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - One size does not fit all - patterns of vulnerability and resilience in the COVID-19 pandemic and why heterogeneity of disease matters
AU  - Sominsky, L.
AU  - Walker, D. W.
AU  - Spencer, S. J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Brain, behavior, and immunity
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32205119
DO  - 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.03.016
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Countermeasures and treatment for aortic acute syndrome with 2019 coronavirus disease]
AU  - Si, Y.
AU  - Sun, X. F.
AU  - Zhong, M.
AU  - Yue, J. N.
AU  - Fu, W. G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The 2019 coronavirus disease(COVID-19) has cost a great loss to the health and economic property of Chines people. Under such a special circumstance, how to deal with such patients with acute aortic syndrome has become a serious challenge. Rapid diagnosis of concomitant COVID-19, safe and effective transportation, implementation of the interventional procedure, protection of vascular surgical team and postoperative management and follow-up of such patients have become urgent problems for us. Combined with the latest novel government documents, the literature and the experiences from Wuhan, we answered the above questions briefly and plainly. We also hope to inspire the national vascular surgeons to manage critical emergencies in vascular surgery and even routine vascular diseases with COVID-19, as a final point to limit the severe epidemic situation, and minimize the damage of COVID-19.
JO  - Zhonghua wai ke za zhi [Chinese journal of surgery]
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 58
IS  - 3
PG  - 178-182
SP  - 178
EP  - 182
AN  - 32187921
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-5815.2020.03.004
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 infection: the perspectives on immune responses
AU  - Shi, Y.
AU  - Wang, Y.
AU  - Shao, C.
AU  - Huang, J.
AU  - Gan, J.
AU  - Huang, X.
AU  - Bucci, E.
AU  - Piacentini, M.
AU  - Ippolito, G.
AU  - Melino, G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Cell death and differentiation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32205856
DO  - 10.1038/s41418-020-0530-3
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - An integrated response to the impact of coronavirus outbreak on the Emergency Medical Services of Emilia Romagna
AU  - Semeraro, F.
AU  - Gamberini, L.
AU  - Tartaglione, M.
AU  - Mora, F.
AU  - Dell'Arciprete, O.
AU  - Cordenons, F.
AU  - Del Giudice, D.
AU  - Picoco, C.
AU  - Gordini, G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Resuscitation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32205158
DO  - 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2020.03.005
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Therapeutic options for the treatment of 2019-novel coronavirus: An evidence-based approach
AU  - Sarma, P.
AU  - Prajapat, M.
AU  - Avti, P.
AU  - Kaur, H.
AU  - Kumar, S.
AU  - Medhi, B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Indian journal of pharmacology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 52
IS  - 1
PG  - 1-5
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
AN  - 32201439
DO  - 10.4103/ijp.IJP_119_20
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Protocolo laboratorial para a coleta, acondicionamento e transporte de amostras biológicas para investigação de covid-19
AU  - São Paulo Secretaria da Saúde. Instituto Adolfo, Lutz
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 9-9
SP  - 9
EP  - 9
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/mtvzn
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Novo coronavirus (2019nCov): assistência domiciliar a pacientes suspeitos ou confirmados e contatos
AU  - São Paulo Secretaria da, Saúde
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 3-3
SP  - 3
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/zrhfm
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Recomendações sobre o uso de máscaras: na comunidade, durante o atendimento domiciliar e em serviços de saúde no contexto do surto do novo coronavírus (2019-nCoV)
AU  - São Paulo Secretaria da, Saúde
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 4-4
SP  - 4
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/vcnke
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - An update on CT chest findings in coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19)
AU  - Sahu, K. K.
AU  - Lal, A.
AU  - Mishra, A. K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Heart & lung : the journal of critical care
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32204949
DO  - 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2020.03.007
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in Europe: the Italian lesson
AU  - Saglietto, Andrea
AU  - D’Ascenzo, Fabrizio
AU  - Zoccai, Giuseppe Biondi
AU  - De Ferrari, Gaetano Maria
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30690-5
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30690-5
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2: fear versus data
AU  - Roussel, Y.
AU  - Giraud-Gatineau, A.
AU  - Jimeno, M. T.
AU  - Rolain, J. M.
AU  - Zandotti, C.
AU  - Colson, P.
AU  - Raoult, D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - SARS-CoV-2, the novel coronavirus from China, is spreading around the world, causing a huge reaction despite its current low incidence outside China and the Far East. Four common coronaviruses are in current circulation and cause millions of cases worldwide. This article compares the incidence and mortality rates of these four common coronaviruses with those of SARS-COV-2 in Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development countries. It is concluded that the problem of SARS-CoV-2 is probably being overestimated, as 2.6 million people die of respiratory infections each year compared with less than 4000 deaths for SARS-CoV-2 at the time of writing.
JO  - International journal of antimicrobial agents
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 105947
SP  - 105947
EP  - 
AN  - 32201354
DO  - 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105947
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The holy week 2020 and the beginning of COVID-19 epidemics in Latin America
AU  - Rodriguez-Morales, A. J.
AU  - Sah, R.
AU  - Paniz-Mondolfi, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Travel medicine and infectious disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101633
SP  - 101633
EP  - 
AN  - 32205270
DO  - 10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101633
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Planning and provision of ECMO services for severe ARDS during the COVID-19 pandemic and other outbreaks of emerging infectious diseases
AU  - Ramanathan, Kollengode
AU  - Antognini, David
AU  - Combes, Alain
AU  - Paden, Matthew
AU  - Zakhary, Bishoy
AU  - Ogino, Mark
AU  - MacLaren, Graeme
AU  - Brodie, Daniel
AU  - Shekar, Kiran
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - WHO interim guidelines recommend offering extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) to eligible patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) related to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The number of patients with COVID-19 infection who might develop severe ARDS that is refractory to maximal medical management and require this level of support is currently unknown. Available evidence from similar patient populations suggests that carefully selected patients with severe ARDS who do not benefit from conventional treatment might be successfully supported with venovenous ECMO. The need for ECMO is relatively low and its use is mostly restricted to specialised centres globally. Providing complex therapies such as ECMO during outbreaks of emerging infectious diseases has unique challenges. Careful planning, judicious resource allocation, and training of personnel to provide complex therapeutic interventions while adhering to strict infection control measures are all crucial components of an ECMO action plan. ECMO can be initiated in specialist centres, or patients can receive ECMO during transportation from a centre that is not specialised for this procedure to an expert ECMO centre. Ensuring that systems enable safe and coordinated movement of critically ill patients, staff, and equipment is important to improve ECMO access. ECMO preparedness for the COVID-19 pandemic is important in view of the high transmission rate of the virus and respiratory-related mortality.
JO  - The Lancet Respiratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30121-1
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30121-1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - An Imperative Need for Research on the Role of Environmental Factors in Transmission of Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19)
AU  - Qu, Guangbo
AU  - Li, Xiangdong
AU  - Hu, Ligang
AU  - Jiang, Guibin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Environmental science & technology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - MEDLINE:32202420
DO  - 10.1021/acs.est.0c01102
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32202420
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Using the spike protein feature to predict infection risk and monitor the evolutionary dynamic of coronavirus
AU  - Qiang, Xiao-Li
AU  - Xu, Peng
AU  - Fang, Gang
AU  - Liu, Wen-Bin
AU  - Kou, Zheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus can cross the species barrier and infect humans with a severe respiratory syndrome. SARS-CoV-2 with potential origin of bat is still circulating in China. In this study, a prediction model is proposed to evaluate the infection risk of non-human-origin coronavirus for early warning.
JO  - Infectious Diseases of Poverty
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
PG  - 33
SP  - 33
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s40249-020-00649-8
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-020-00649-8
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A COVID-19 Transmission within a family cluster by presymptomatic infectors in China
AU  - Qian, Guoqing
AU  - Yang, Naibin
AU  - Ma, Ada Hoi Yan
AU  - Wang, Liping
AU  - Li, Guoxiang
AU  - Chen, Xueqin
AU  - Chen, Xiaomin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We report a COVID-19 family cluster caused by a presymptomatic case. There were 9 family members, including 8 laboratory-confirmed with COVID-19, and a 6-year-old child had no evidence of infection. Amongst the 8 patients, one adult and one 13-month-old infant were asymptomatic, one adult was diagnosed as having severe pneumonia.
JO  - Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - MEDLINE:32201889
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa316
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32201889
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Drug targets for corona virus: A systematic review
AU  - Prajapat, M.
AU  - Sarma, P.
AU  - Shekhar, N.
AU  - Avti, P.
AU  - Sinha, S.
AU  - Kaur, H.
AU  - Kumar, S.
AU  - Bhattacharyya, A.
AU  - Kumar, H.
AU  - Bansal, S.
AU  - Medhi, B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The 2019-novel coronavirus (nCoV) is a major source of disaster in the 21(th) century. However, the lack of specific drugs to prevent/treat an attack is a major need at this current point of time. In this regard, we conducted a systematic review to identify major druggable targets in coronavirus (CoV). We searched PubMed and RCSB database with keywords HCoV, NCoV, corona virus, SERS-CoV, MERS-CoV, 2019-nCoV, crystal structure, X-ray crystallography structure, NMR structure, target, and drug target till Feb 3, 2020. The search identified seven major targets (spike protein, envelop protein, membrane protein, protease, nucleocapsid protein, hemagglutinin esterase, and helicase) for which drug design can be considered. There are other 16 nonstructural proteins (NSPs), which can also be considered from the drug design perspective. The major structural proteins and NSPs may serve an important role from drug design perspectives. However, the occurrence of frequent recombination events is a major deterrent factor toward the development of CoV-specific vaccines/drugs.
JO  - Indian journal of pharmacology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 52
IS  - 1
PG  - 56-65
SP  - 56
EP  - 65
AN  - 32201449
DO  - 10.4103/ijp.IJP_115_20
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Telemedicine in the Era of COVID-19
AU  - Portnoy, Jay
AU  - Waller, Morgan
AU  - Elliott, Tania
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jaip.2020.03.008
UR  - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S221321982030249X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Exercising Heart and Head in Managing Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Wuhan
AU  - Perlis, R. H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA network open
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 3
IS  - 3
PG  - e204006
SP  - e204006
EP  - 
AN  - 32202641
DO  - 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.4006
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Lung Recruitability in SARS-CoV-2 Associated Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Single-center, Observational Study
AU  - Pan, Chun
AU  - Chen, Lu
AU  - Lu, Cong
AU  - Zhang, Wei
AU  - Xia, Jia-An
AU  - Sklar, Michael C.
AU  - Du, Bin
AU  - Brochard, Laurent
AU  - Qiu, Haibo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - MEDLINE:32200645
DO  - 10.1164/rccm.202003-0527LE
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32200645
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Case-Fatality Rate and Characteristics of Patients Dying in Relation to COVID-19 in Italy
AU  - Onder, G.
AU  - Rezza, G.
AU  - Brusaferro, S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Jama
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32203977
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.4683
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - Qingxia Zhong (2020-04-14 23:02:35)(Included): correction added: 48009; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Rising to the Challenge of the Novel SARS-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2): Advice for Pulmonary and Critical Care and an Agenda for Research
AU  - Niederman, M. S.
AU  - Richeldi, L.
AU  - Chotirmall, S. H.
AU  - Bai, C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32203671
DO  - 10.1164/rccm.202003-0741ED
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Establishment and validation of a pseudovirus neutralization assay for SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Nie, J.
AU  - Li, Q.
AU  - Wu, J.
AU  - Zhao, C.
AU  - Hao, H.
AU  - Liu, H.
AU  - Zhang, L.
AU  - Nie, L.
AU  - Qin, H.
AU  - Wang, M.
AU  - Lu, Q.
AU  - Li, X.
AU  - Sun, Q.
AU  - Liu, J.
AU  - Fan, C.
AU  - Huang, W.
AU  - Xu, M.
AU  - Wang, Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Pseudoviruses are useful virological tools because of their safety and versatility, especially for emerging and re-emerging viruses. Due to its high pathogenicity and infectivity and the lack of effective vaccines and therapeutics, live SARS-CoV-2 has to be handled under biosafety level 3 conditions, which has hindered the development of vaccines and therapeutics. Based on a VSV pseudovirus production system, a pseudovirus-based neutralization assay has been developed for evaluating neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in biosafety level 2 facilities. The key parameters for this assay were optimized, including cell types, cell numbers, virus inoculum. When tested against the SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus, SARS-CoV-2 convalescent patient sera showed high neutralizing potency, which underscore its potential as therapeutics. The limit of detection for this assay was determined as 22.1 and 43.2 for human and mouse serum samples respectively using a panel of 120 negative samples. The cutoff values were set as 30 and 50 for human and mouse serum samples, respectively. This assay showed relatively low coefficient of variations with 15.9% and 16.2% for the intra- and inter-assay analyses respectively. Taken together, we established a robust pseudovirus-based neutralization assay for SARS-CoV-2 and are glad to share pseudoviruses and related protocols with the developers of vaccines or therapeutics to fight against this lethal virus.
JO  - Emerging microbes & infections
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
PG  - 680-686
SP  - 680
EP  - 686
AN  - 32207377
DO  - 10.1080/22221751.2020.1743767
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The outbreak in Italy went undetected for weeks
AU  - Nature
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - An epidemiological analysis of Lombardy, the epicentre of the outbreak in Italy, reveals that the first onset of symptoms in the country occurred weeks before the disease was reported there on 20 February. The study looks at nearly 6,000 laboratory-confirmed cases to track how the outbreak unfolded in the region. It was posted to the arXiv preprint server on 20 March.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00154-w
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00154-w
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chronology of COVID-19 cases on the Diamond Princess cruise ship and ethical considerations: a report from Japan
AU  - Nakazawa, Eisuke
AU  - Ino, Hiroyasu
AU  - Akabayashi, Akira
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - Fact:The Diamond Princess cruise ship has been anchored at the Yokohama port in Japan since February 3, 2020. A total of 691 cases of COVID-19 infection had been confirmed as of February 23. The government initially assumed that the infection was not spreading aboard and therefore indicated that any persons who either tested negative for the virus or were asymptomatic should immediately disembark. However, on February 5, the government set a 14-day health observation period because of the severity of the infection. Passengers confirmed to free from infection began disembarking on Day 15 of quarantine (February 19).Facts to be examined:The effectiveness and validity of infection control, justification for the timing of inspections, and even the nature of COVID-19 itself are now all in question.Ethical considerations:The ethical considerations related to cruise ship infection control include the reasonable justification for isolation, the psychological fragility and quality of life of the isolated passengers and crew members, the procedural justice inherent in a forced quarantine, and the optimization of control measures.Public health preparedness:The international coordination framework and the global ramifications of such outbreaks should be reevaluated by the international community. Denying a ship's entry based on local politics is incompatible with global justice. Events such as these require an international response and global regulations that seek to reduce disparities.
JO  - Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-27
SP  - 1
EP  - 27
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/dmp.2020.50
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/chronology-of-covid19-cases-on-the-diamond-princess-cruise-ship-and-ethical-considerations-a-report-from-japan/6D4183045C3AB3CDB3100EE1DE7AE9E1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How to perform lung ultrasound in pregnant women with suspected COVID-19 infection
AU  - Moro, F.
AU  - Buonsenso, D.
AU  - Moruzzi, M. C.
AU  - Inchingolo, R.
AU  - Smargiassi, A.
AU  - Demi, L.
AU  - Larici, A. R.
AU  - Scambia, G.
AU  - Lanzone, A.
AU  - Testa, A. C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Under specific circumstances, such as during the current COVID-19 outbreak, pregnant women can be a target for respiratory infection, and lung examination may be required as part of their clinical evaluation, ideally avoiding exposure to radiation. We propose a practical approach for obstetricians/gynecologists to perform lung ultrasound, showing potential applications, semiology and practical aspects, which should be of particular importance in emergency situations, such as the current pandemic infection of COVID-19. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/uog.22028
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.22028
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Social Media and Emergency Preparedness in Response to Novel Coronavirus
AU  - Merchant, Raina M.
AU  - Lurie, Nicole
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Jama
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - MEDLINE:32202611
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.4469
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32202611
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mass gathering events and reducing further global spread of COVID-19: a political and public health dilemma
AU  - McCloskey, Brian
AU  - Zumla, Alimuddin
AU  - Ippolito, Giuseppe
AU  - Blumberg, Lucille
AU  - Arbon, Paul
AU  - Cicero, Anita
AU  - Endericks, Tina
AU  - Lim, Poh Lian
AU  - Borodina, Maya
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30681-4
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30681-4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Treatment for severe acute respiratory distress syndrome from COVID-19
AU  - Matthay, Michael A.
AU  - Aldrich, J. Matthew
AU  - Gotts, Jeffrey E.
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Respiratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30127-2
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30127-2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Ethics preparedness for infectious disease outbreaks research in India: A case for novel coronavirus disease 2019
AU  - Mathur, R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Indian journal of medical research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32202255
DO  - 10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_463_20
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Consideration of the respiratory support strategy of severe acute respiratory failure caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection in children
AU  - Marraro, G. A.
AU  - Spada, C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The recent ongoing outbreak of severe pneumonia associated with a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), currently of unknown origin, creates a world emergency that has put global public health institutions on high alert. At present there is limited clinical information of the SARS-CoV-2 and there is no specific treatment recommended, although technical guidances and suggestions have been developed and will continue to be updated as additional information becomes available. Preventive treatment has an important role to control and avoid the spread of severe respiratory disease, but often is difficult to obtain and sometimes cannot be effective to reduce the risk of deterioration of the underlining lung pathology. In order to define an effective and safe treatment for SARS-CoV-2-associated disease, we provide considerations on the actual treatments, on how to avoid complications and the undesirable side effects related to them and to select and apply earlier the most appropriate treatment. Approaching to treat severe respiratory disease in infants and children, the risks related to the development of atelectasis starting invasive or non-invasive ventilation support and the risk of oxygen toxicity must be taken into serious consideration. For an appropriate and effective approach to treat severe pediatric respiratory diseases, two main different strategies can be proposed according to the stage and severity of the patient conditions: patient in the initial phase and with non-severe lung pathology and patient with severe initial respiratory impairment and/or with delay in arrival to observation. The final outcome is strictly connected with the ability to apply an appropriate treatment early and to reduce all the complications that can arise during the intensive care admission.
JO  - Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 22
IS  - 3
PG  - 183-194
SP  - 183
EP  - 194
AN  - 32204751
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prudent public health intervention strategies to control the coronavirus disease 2019 transmission in India: A mathematical model-based approach
AU  - Mandal, Sandip
AU  - Bhatnagar, Tarun
AU  - Arinaminpathy, Nimalan
AU  - Agarwal, Anup
AU  - Chowdhury, Amartya
AU  - Murhekar, Manoj
AU  - Gangakhedkar, Raman R.
AU  - Sarkar, Swarup
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background & objectives: :Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has raised urgent questions about containment and mitigation, particularly in countries where the virus has not yet established human-to-human transmission. The objectives of this study were to find out if it was possible to prevent, or delay, the local outbreaks of COVID-19 through restrictions on travel from abroad and if the virus has already established in-country transmission, to what extent would its impact be mitigated through quarantine of symptomatic patients?" Methods: :These questions were addressed in the context of India, using simple mathematical models of infectious disease transmission. While there remained important uncertainties in the natural history of COVID-19, using hypothetical epidemic curves, some key findings were illustrated that appeared insensitive to model assumptions, as well as highlighting critical data gaps. Results: :It was assumed that symptomatic quarantine would identify and quarantine 50 per cent of symptomatic individuals within three days of developing symptoms. In an optimistic scenario of the basic reproduction number (R00) being 1.5, and asymptomatic infections lacking any infectiousness, such measures would reduce the cumulative incidence by 62 per cent. In the pessimistic scenario of R0=4, and asymptomatic infections being half as infectious as symptomatic, this projected impact falls to two per cent. Interpretation & conclusions: :Port-of-entry-based entry screening of travellers with suggestive clinical features and from COVID-19-affected countries, would achieve modest delays in the introduction of the virus into the community. Acting alone, however, such measures would be insufficient to delay the outbreak by weeks or longer. Once the virus establishes transmission within the community, quarantine of symptomatics may have a meaningful impact on disease burden. Model projections are subject to substantial uncertainty and can be further refined as more is understood about the natural history of infection of this novel virus. As a public health measure, health system and community preparedness would be critical to control any impending spread of COVID-19 in the country.
JO  - The Indian journal of medical research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - MEDLINE:32202261
DO  - 10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_504_20
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32202261
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: most patients require mechanical ventilation in first 24 hours of critical care
AU  - Mahase, Elisabeth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Two thirds (132) of covid-19 patients who required critical care in the UK had mechanical ventilation within 24 hours of admission, an audit of patients from England, Wales, and Northern Ireland has found. The report from the Intensive Care National Audit and Research Centre summarised all the confirmed cases of covid-19 in critical care (199 admissions for 196 patients) up to midnight on 19 March from participating critical care units.1 Of these, 29% (57) were female …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1201-m1201
SP  - m1201
EP  - m1201
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1201
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1201
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Don't overlook digestive symptoms in patients with 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19)
AU  - Luo, S.
AU  - Zhang, X.
AU  - Xu, H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32205220
DO  - 10.1016/j.cgh.2020.03.043
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Hand hygiene and the novel coronavirus pandemic: The role of healthcare workers
AU  - Lotfinejad, N.
AU  - Peters, A.
AU  - Pittet, D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of hospital infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32201339
DO  - 10.1016/j.jhin.2020.03.017
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus: Stay proactive
AU  - Gardier, S.
AU  - Petignat, D. C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Revue Medicale Suisse
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 16
IS  - 680
PG  - 296
SP  - 296
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.revmed.ch/RMS/2020/RMS-N-680/Coronavirus-rester-proactif http://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&PAGE=reference&D=emexb&NEWS=N&AN=2005103261
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 2019-ncov's epidemic in middle province of northern Italy: impact, logistic & strategy in the first line hospital
AU  - Gagliano, A.
AU  - Villani, P. G.
AU  - Co, F. M.
AU  - Paglia, S.
AU  - Bisagni, P. A. G.
AU  - Perotti, G. M.
AU  - Storti, E.
AU  - Lombardo, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) began in China in early December 2019 and rapidly has spread to many countries around the globe, with the number of confirmed cases increasing every day. An epidemic has been recorded since February 20 in a middle province in Northern Italy (Lodi's province, in the low Po Valley). The first line Hospital had to redesign its logistical and departmental structure to respond to the influx of 2019-ncov positive patients who needed hospitalisation. Logistical and structural strategies were guided by the crisis unit, managing in 8 days from the beginning of the epidemic to prepare the hospital ready to welcome more than 200 positive COVID19 patients with different ventilatory requirements, keeping clean emergency access lines and restoring surgical interventions and deferred urgent ordinary activity.
JO  - Disaster medicine and public health preparedness
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-15
SP  - 1
EP  - 15
AN  - 32207676
DO  - 10.1017/dmp.2020.51
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Managing COVID-19 in the oncology clinic and avoiding the distraction effect
AU  - Francesco, C.
AU  - Pettke, A.
AU  - Michele, B.
AU  - Fabio, P.
AU  - Helleday, T.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32201224
DO  - 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.03.286
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Are my patients with rheumatic diseases at higher risk of COVID-19?
AU  - Figueroa-Parra, G.
AU  - Aguirre-Garcia, G. M.
AU  - Gamboa-Alonso, C. M.
AU  - Camacho-Ortiz, A.
AU  - Galarza-Delgado, D. A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of the rheumatic diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32205336
DO  - 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-217322
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Urology practice during COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Ficarra, V.
AU  - Novara, G.
AU  - Abrate, A.
AU  - Bartoletti, R.
AU  - Crestani, A.
AU  - De Nunzio, C.
AU  - Giannarini, G.
AU  - Gregori, A.
AU  - Liguori, G.
AU  - Mirone, V.
AU  - Pavan, N.
AU  - Scarpa, R. M.
AU  - Simonato, A.
AU  - Trombetta, C.
AU  - Tubaro, A.
AU  - Porpiglia, F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and the disease it causes, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is generating a rapid and tragic health emergency in Italy due to the need to provide assistance to an overwhelming number of infected patients and, at the same time, treat all the non-deferrable oncological and benign conditions. A panel of Italian urologists has agreed on possible strategies for the reorganization of urological routine practice and on a set of recommendations that should facilitate the process of rescheduling both surgical and outpatient activities during the COVID-19 pandemic and in the subsequent phases. This document could be a valid tool to be used in routine clinical practice and, possibly, a cornerstone for further discussion on the topic also considering the further evolution of the COVID-19 pandemic. It also may provide useful recommendations for national and international urological societies in a condition of emergency.
JO  - Minerva urologica e nefrologica = The Italian journal of urology and nephrology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32202401
DO  - 10.23736/s0393-2249.20.03846-1
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 &amp; Beyond: Micro-practices for Burnout Prevention and Emotional Wellness
AU  - Fessell, David
AU  - Cherniss, Cary
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - With COVID-19, the demands and stresses on radiologists and physicians have increased dramatically. Even prior to this pandemic the high prevalence of burnout, the complex causes, and critical consequences had been widely reported (1,2). Many institutional and individual interventions have been advocated to address burnout and promote wellness including decreased workload, improved work schedules and EHR, mindfulness (including MBSR) and personal coaching (1,2,3). The need for effective strategies and tools is only increasing as both individuals and institutions navigate the current anxiety and uncertainty. We have conducted workshops on emotional intelligence exclusively for physicians, including radiologists, (DF) and separately for managers and business leaders (CC). In our experience, both physicians and managers hunger for skills and strategies to help successfully navigate their increasingly complex worlds. In particular, physicians long to serve their patients and practices with energy and inspiration, and have some semblance of balance in their lives. In our experience physicians especially enjoy highly actionable tools that require minimal time to learn and implement, a.k.a. “micro-practices.”
JO  - Journal of the American College of Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jacr.2020.03.013
UR  - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1546144020302908
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: the new challenge for rheumatologists
AU  - Ferro, F.
AU  - Elefante, E.
AU  - Baldini, C.
AU  - Bartoloni, E.
AU  - Puxeddu, I.
AU  - Talarico, R.
AU  - Mosca, M.
AU  - Bombardieri, S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical and experimental rheumatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32207680
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Rational use of face masks in the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Feng, Shuo
AU  - Shen, Chen
AU  - Xia, Nan
AU  - Song, Wei
AU  - Fan, Mengzhen
AU  - Cowling, Benjamin J.
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Respiratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30134-X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30134-X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 infection and rheumatoid arthritis: Faraway, so close!
AU  - Favalli, E. G.
AU  - Ingegnoli, F.
AU  - De Lucia, O.
AU  - Cincinelli, G.
AU  - Cimaz, R.
AU  - Caporali, R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of the new coronavirus infections COVID-19 in December 2019 in China has quickly become a global health emergency. Given the lack of specific anti-viral therapies, the current management of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruses (SARS-CoV-2) is mainly supportive, even though several compounds are now under investigation for the treatment of this life-threatening disease. COVID-19 pandemic is certainly conditioning the treatment strategy of a complex disorder as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), whose infectious risk is increased compared to the general population because of an overall impairment of immune system typical of autoimmune diseases combined with the iatrogenic effect generated by corticosteroids and immunosuppressive drugs. However, the increasing knowledge about the pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2 infection is leading to consider some anti-rheumatic drugs as potential treatment options for the management of COVID-19. In this review we will critically analyse the evidences on either positive or negative effect of drugs commonly used to treat RA in this particular scenario, in order to optimize the current approach to RA patients.
JO  - Autoimmunity reviews
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 102523
SP  - 102523
EP  - 
AN  - 32205186
DO  - 10.1016/j.autrev.2020.102523
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and smoking: A systematic review of the evidence
AU  - Vardavas, C. I.
AU  - Nikitara, K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Tobacco induced diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 18
IS  - 
PG  - 20
SP  - 20
EP  - 
AN  - 32206052
DO  - 10.18332/tid/119324
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: Impact on health of people & wealth of nations
AU  - Tandon, P. N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Indian journal of medical research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32202260
DO  - 10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_664_20
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 first stage in Japan – how we treat ‘Diamond Princess Cruise Ship’ with 3700 passengers?
AU  - Takeuchi, Ichiro
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Acute Medicine & Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 7
IS  - 1
PG  - e506-e506
SP  - e506
EP  - e506
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/ams2.506
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/ams2.506
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Characterization of the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of 2019 novel coronavirus: implication for development of RBD protein as a viral attachment inhibitor and vaccine
AU  - Tai, W.
AU  - He, L.
AU  - Zhang, X.
AU  - Pu, J.
AU  - Voronin, D.
AU  - Jiang, S.
AU  - Zhou, Y.
AU  - Du, L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has posed a serious threat to global public health, calling for the development of safe and effective prophylactics and therapeutics against infection of its causative agent, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), also known as 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). The CoV spike (S) protein plays the most important roles in viral attachment, fusion and entry, and serves as a target for development of antibodies, entry inhibitors and vaccines. Here, we identified the receptor-binding domain (RBD) in SARS-CoV-2 S protein and found that the RBD protein bound strongly to human and bat angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors. SARS-CoV-2 RBD exhibited significantly higher binding affinity to ACE2 receptor than SARS-CoV RBD and could block the binding and, hence, attachment of SARS-CoV-2 RBD and SARS-CoV RBD to ACE2-expressing cells, thus inhibiting their infection to host cells. SARS-CoV RBD-specific antibodies could cross-react with SARS-CoV-2 RBD protein, and SARS-CoV RBD-induced antisera could cross-neutralize SARS-CoV-2, suggesting the potential to develop SARS-CoV RBD-based vaccines for prevention of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV infection.
JO  - Cellular & molecular immunology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32203189
DO  - 10.1038/s41423-020-0400-4
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: Facemask use prevalence in international airports in Asia, Europe and the Americas, March 2020
AU  - Elachola, H.
AU  - Ebrahim, S. H.
AU  - Gozzer, E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Travel medicine and infectious disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101637
SP  - 101637
EP  - 
AN  - 32205271
DO  - 10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101637
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Tilorone: A Broad-Spectrum Antiviral For Emerging Viruses
AU  - Ekins, S.
AU  - Madrid, P. B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Tilorone is a 50-year-old synthetic small-molecule compound with antiviral activity that is proposed to induce interferon after oral administration. This drug is used as a broad-spectrum antiviral in several countries of the Russian Federation. We have recently described activity in vitro and in vivo against the Ebola Virus. After a broad screening of additional viruses, we now describe in vitro activity against Chikungunya virus (CHIK) and Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV).
JO  - Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32205350
DO  - 10.1128/aac.00440-20
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: US testing ramps up as early response draws harsh criticism
AU  - Dyer, O.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1167
SP  - m1167
EP  - 
AN  - 32205342
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1167
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cardiovascular Considerations for Patients, Health Care Workers, and Health Systems During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic
AU  - Driggin, E.
AU  - Madhavan, M. V.
AU  - Bikdeli, B.
AU  - Chuich, T.
AU  - Laracy, J.
AU  - Bondi-Zoccai, G.
AU  - Brown, T. S.
AU  - Nigoghossian, C.
AU  - Zidar, D. A.
AU  - Haythe, J.
AU  - Brodie, D.
AU  - Beckman, J. A.
AU  - Kirtane, A. J.
AU  - Stone, G. W.
AU  - Krumholz, H. M.
AU  - Parikh, S. A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 that has significant implications for the cardiovascular care of patients. First, those with COVID-19 and preexisting cardiovascular disease (CVD) have an increased risk of severe disease and death. Second, infection has been associated with multiple direct and indirect cardiovascular complications including acute myocardial injury, myocarditis, arrhythmias and venous thromboembolism. Third, therapies under investigation for COVID-19 may have cardiovascular side effects. Fourth, the response to COVID-19 can compromise the rapid triage of non-COVID-19 patients with cardiovascular conditions. Finally, the provision of cardiovascular care may place health care workers in a position of vulnerability as they become host or vectors of virus transmission. We hereby review the peer-reviewed and preprint literature pertaining to cardiovascular considerations related to COVID-19 and highlight gaps in knowledge that require further study pertinent to patients, health care workers, and health systems.
JO  - Journal of the American College of Cardiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32201335
DO  - 10.1016/j.jacc.2020.03.031
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Public Mental Health Crisis during COVID-19 Pandemic, China
AU  - Dong, L.
AU  - Bouey, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The 2019 novel coronavirus disease emerged in China in late 2019-early 2020 and spread rapidly. China has been implementing emergency psychological crisis interventions to reduce the negative psychosocial impact on public mental health, but challenges exist. Public mental health interventions should be formally integrated into public health preparedness and emergency response plans.
JO  - Emerging infectious diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 26
IS  - 7
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32202993
DO  - 10.3201/eid2607.200407
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Building resilience against biological hazards and pandemics: COVID-19 and its implications for the Sendai Framework
AU  - Djalante, Riyanti
AU  - Shaw, Rajib
AU  - DeWit, Andrew
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Progress in Disaster Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 100080-100080
SP  - 100080
EP  - 100080
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.pdisas.2020.100080
UR  - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S259006172030017X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Crowdsourcing, Social Media, and Intercultural Communication About Zika: Use Contextualized Research to Bridge the Digital Divide in Global Health Intervention
AU  - Ding, Huiling
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Technical Writing and Communication
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 50
IS  - 2
PG  - 141-166
SP  - 141
EP  - 166
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/0047281620906127
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1177/0047281620906127
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A cured patient with 2019-nCoV pneumonia
AU  - Ding, D.
AU  - Zhu, C.
AU  - Yao, W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The American journal of medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32205073
DO  - 10.1016/j.amjmed.2020.02.023
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 coronavirus: what implications for Cardiology?
AU  - Di Pasquale, Giuseppe
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Giornale italiano di cardiologia (2006)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 21
IS  - 4
PG  - 243-245
SP  - 243
EP  - 245
AN  - MEDLINE:32202553
DO  - 10.1714/3328.32981
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32202553
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices towards Infectious Diseases Related to Travel of Community Pharmacists in Italy
AU  - Della Polla, Giorgia
AU  - Pelullo, Concetta Paola
AU  - Napolitano, Francesco
AU  - Lambiase, Chiara
AU  - De Simone, Caterina
AU  - Angelillo, Italo Francesco
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Pharmacists should be educated about travel medicine, since they could influence their own choices and those of the individuals they encounter. This study aims to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors towards infectious diseases related to travel among community pharmacists in Italy. The data was collected from September 2018 to September 2019 using semi-structured telephone interviews. Only 1.8% answered correctly to all seven questions regarding the infectious diseases related to travel. Community pharmacists who had heard about travel medicine and those who had received information were more likely to have good knowledge. More than two-thirds of the respondents believed that it is important to provide information to the public about travel medicine. Pharmacists who worked a higher number of hours per week, were more knowledgeable about the more frequent infectious diseases related to travel, believed that travel medicine was a pharmacist competency, believed that they could give advice to the public, and had received information from scientific journals and educational activities were more likely to have this positive attitude. More than two-thirds often/always informed the public about the importance of having travel health center counseling. Pharmacists who had heard about travel medicine and those who believed that they could give advice to the public were more likely to inform. Interventions are needed to improve knowledge in order that community pharmacists can play an active role in counseling the public.
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 17
IS  - 6
PG  - 2147
SP  - 2147
EP  - 
AN  - doi:10.3390/ijerph17062147
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/6/2147
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The host’s angiotensin-converting enzyme polymorphism may explain epidemiological findings in COVID-19 infections
AU  - Delanghe, Joris R.
AU  - Speeckaert, Marijn M.
AU  - De Buyzere, Marc L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinica Chimica Acta
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.cca.2020.03.031
UR  - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0009898120301339
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Identifying Locations with Possible Undetected Imported Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Cases by Using Importation Predictions
AU  - De Salazar, P. M.
AU  - Niehus, R.
AU  - Taylor, A.
AU  - Buckee, C. O.
AU  - Lipsitch, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection exported from mainland China could lead to self-sustained outbreaks in other countries. By February 2020, several countries were reporting imported SARS-CoV-2 cases. To contain the virus, early detection of imported SARS-CoV-2 cases is critical. We used air travel volume estimates from Wuhan, China, to international destinations and a generalized linear regression model to identify locations that could have undetected imported cases. Our model can be adjusted to account for exportation of cases from other locations as the virus spreads and more information on importations and transmission becomes available. Early detection and appropriate control measures can reduce the risk for transmission in all locations.
JO  - Emerging infectious diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 26
IS  - 7
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32207679
DO  - 10.3201/eid2607.200250
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: European drugs agency to review safety of ibuprofen
AU  - Day, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1168
SP  - m1168
EP  - 
AN  - 32205306
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1168
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: identifying and isolating asymptomatic people helped eliminate virus in Italian village
AU  - Day, Michael
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - An Italian academic has claimed striking evidence that most people infected with covid-19 show no symptoms but are still able to infect others, which he says has huge implications for testing policy, particularly in hospitals. Sergio Romagnani, a professor of clinical immunology at the University of Florence, has reported how blanket testing in a completely isolated village of roughly 3000 people in northern Italy saw the number of people with covid-19 symptoms fall by over 90% within 10 days. Vo’Euganeo, 50 km west of Venice, was closed off by authorities in mid-February, at which point repeat RNA testing of the entire population began. All those with positive tests were quarantined. …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1165-m1165
SP  - m1165
EP  - m1165
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1165
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1165
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preliminary epidemiological analysis of suspected cases of corona virus infection in Libya
AU  - Daw, M. A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Travel medicine and infectious disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101634
SP  - 101634
EP  - 
AN  - 32205266
DO  - 10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101634
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel Screening and Triage Strategy in Iran During Deadly COVID-19 Epidemic; Value of Humanitarian Teleconsultation Service
AU  - Davarpanah, Amir H.
AU  - Mahdavi, Arash
AU  - Sabri, Ali
AU  - Langroudi, Taraneh Faghihi
AU  - Kahkouee, Shahram
AU  - Haseli, Sara
AU  - Kazemi, Mohammad Ali
AU  - Mehrian, Payam
AU  - Mahdavi, Ali
AU  - Falahati, Farahnaz
AU  - Tuchayi, Abuzar Moradi
AU  - Bakhshayeshkaram, Mehrdad
AU  - Taheri, Morteza Sanei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American College of Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jacr.2020.03.015
UR  - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1546144020302945
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19 pandemic and the skin - What should dermatologists know?
AU  - Darlenski, Razvigor
AU  - Tsankov, Nikolai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinics in Dermatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2020.03.012
UR  - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0738081X20300493
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Sick time
AU  - Cohen, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Science (New York, N.Y.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 367
IS  - 6484
PG  - 1294-1297
SP  - 1294
EP  - 1297
AN  - 32193305
DO  - 10.1126/science.367.6484.1294
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and Cardiovascular Disease
AU  - Clerkin, Kevin J.
AU  - Fried, Justin A.
AU  - Raikhelkar, Jayant
AU  - Sayer, Gabriel
AU  - Griffin, Jan M.
AU  - Masoumi, Amirali
AU  - Jain, Sneha S.
AU  - Burkhoff, Daniel
AU  - Kumaraiah, Deepa
AU  - Rabbani, LeRoy
AU  - Schwartz, Allan
AU  - Uriel, Nir
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Circulation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - MEDLINE:32200663
DO  - 10.1161/circulationaha.120.046941
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32200663
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Patient with COVID-19 Presenting a False-Negative Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction Result
AU  - Chen, Z.
AU  - Li, Y.
AU  - Wu, B.
AU  - Hou, Y.
AU  - Bao, J.
AU  - Deng, X.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Korean journal of radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32207257
DO  - 10.3348/kjr.2020.0195
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - High-resolution computed tomography manifestations of COVID-19 infections in patients of different ages
AU  - Chen, Zuhua
AU  - Fan, Hongjie
AU  - Cai, Jian
AU  - Li, Yunjiang
AU  - Wu, Baoliang
AU  - Hou, Yanchun
AU  - Xu, Shufeng
AU  - Zhou, Fei
AU  - Liu, Yongguang
AU  - Xuan, Weiling
AU  - Hu, Hongjie
AU  - Sun, Jihong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Journal of Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 108972-108972
SP  - 108972
EP  - 108972
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.ejrad.2020.108972
UR  - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0720048X20301613
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Emergency plan for inter-hospital transfer of newborns with SARS-CoV-2 infection]
AU  - Chen, Z.
AU  - Du, L. Z.
AU  - Fu, J. F.
AU  - Shu, Q.
AU  - Chen, Z. M.
AU  - Shi, L. P.
AU  - Wang, W.
AU  - Chen, S. H.
AU  - Ma, X. L.
AU  - Ye, S.
AU  - Sun, W.
AU  - Chen, M. Y.
AU  - Zhu, H. H.
AU  - Huang, G. L.
AU  - Luo, F. X.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, the outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has become the most serious public health issue. As the special population with immature immune function, newborns with COVID-19 have been reported. Newborns with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 should be transferred to designated hospitals for isolation treatment. An emergency transfer response plan for newborns with COVID-19 has been worked out. This plan puts forward the indications for neonatal COVID-19 transfer, organization management, protection strategies for medical staff, work procedures, and disinfection methods for transfer equipment, in order to provide guidance and suggestions for the inter-hospital transfer of suspected or confirmed neonatal COVID-19.
JO  - Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 22
IS  - 3
PG  - 226-230
SP  - 226
EP  - 230
AN  - 32204758
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Buffer areas in emergency department to handle potential COVID-19 community infection in Taiwan
AU  - Chen, T. Y.
AU  - Lai, H. W.
AU  - Hou, I. L.
AU  - Lin, C. H.
AU  - Chen, M. K.
AU  - Chou, C. C.
AU  - Lin, Y. R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Travel medicine and infectious disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101635
SP  - 101635
EP  - 
AN  - 32205268
DO  - 10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101635
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): A primer for emergency physicians
AU  - Chavez, Summer
AU  - Long, Brit
AU  - Koyfman, Alex
AU  - Liang, Stephen Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.03.036
UR  - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0735675720301789
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Time Kinetics of Viral Clearance and Resolution of Symptoms in Novel Coronavirus Infection
AU  - Chang
AU  - Mo, G.
AU  - Yuan, X.
AU  - Tao, Y.
AU  - Peng, X.
AU  - Wang, F.
AU  - Xie, L.
AU  - Sharma, L.
AU  - Dela Cruz, C. S.
AU  - Qin, E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32200654
DO  - 10.1164/rccm.202003-0524LE
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus fears cancel world's biggest physics meeting
AU  - Castelvecchi, D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32203350
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00609-0
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Could Sars-coronavirus-2 trigger autoimmune and/or autoinflammatory mechanisms in genetically predisposed subjects?
AU  - Caso, Francesco
AU  - Costa, Luisa
AU  - Ruscitti, Piero
AU  - Navarini, Luca
AU  - Del Puente, Antonio
AU  - Giacomelli, Roberto
AU  - Scarpa, Raffaele
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Autoimmunity Reviews
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 102524-102524
SP  - 102524
EP  - 102524
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.autrev.2020.102524
UR  - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1568997220300793
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How to help the free market fight coronavirus
AU  - Burley, Stephen K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Share data, boost incentives and reduce red tape to identify drugs for use in emerging coronavirus epidemics.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00888-7
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00888-7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 outbreak: less stethoscope, more ultrasound
AU  - Buonsenso, Danilo
AU  - Pata, Davide
AU  - Chiaretti, Antonio
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Respiratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30120-X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30120-X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Bilanz 2019: Bayer
AU  - Bulmahn, Maren
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - AbstractBeim Leverkusener Konzern Bayer entwickelte sich im Jahr 2019 das Pharmageschäft besser als die Agrarsparte. Mit weniger Beschäftigten als im Jahr 2018 investierte das Unternehmen mehr in die Forschung.
JO  - Nachrichten aus der Chemie
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 68
IS  - 4
PG  - 46-46
SP  - 46
EP  - 46
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/nadc.20204096192
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/nadc.20204096192
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Bilanz 2019: BASF
AU  - Bulmahn, Maren
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - AbstractBASF setzte im Jahr 2019 weniger um als im Jahr zuvor. Die Ergebnisse der Basischemie sanken. Künftig will das Unternehmen stärker in China als in Europa und zudem in Batteriematerialien investieren.
JO  - Nachrichten aus der Chemie
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 68
IS  - 4
PG  - 45-45
SP  - 45
EP  - 45
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/nadc.20204096191
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/nadc.20204096191
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Aggregated mobility data could help fight COVID-19
AU  - Buckee, Caroline O.
AU  - Balsari, Satchit
AU  - Chan, Jennifer
AU  - Crosas, Mercè
AU  - Dominici, Francesca
AU  - Gasser, Urs
AU  - Grad, Yonatan H.
AU  - Grenfell, Bryan
AU  - Halloran, M. Elizabeth
AU  - Kraemer, Moritz U. G.
AU  - Lipsitch, Marc
AU  - Metcalf, C. Jessica E.
AU  - Meyers, Lauren Ancel
AU  - Perkins, T. Alex
AU  - Santillana, Mauricio
AU  - Scarpino, Samuel V.
AU  - Viboud, Cecile
AU  - Wesolowski, Amy
AU  - Schroeder, Andrew
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic worsens, understanding the effectiveness of public messaging and large-scale social distancing interventions is critical. The research and public health response communities can and should use population mobility data collected by private companies, with appropriate legal, organizational, and computational safeguards in place. When aggregated, these data can help refine interventions by providing near real-time information about changes in patterns of human movement.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - eabb8021
SP  - eabb8021
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb8021
UR  - https://science.sciencemag.org/content/sci/early/2020/03/20/science.abb8021.full.pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Is A Problem Shared, A Problem Halved? Not Always! The Novel Coronavirus COVID-19 Outbreak
AU  - Bhosale, S.
AU  - Kulkarni, A. P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - How to cite this article: Bhosale S, Kulkarni AP. Is A Problem Shared, A Problem Halved? Not Always! The Novel Coronavirus COVID-19 Outbreak. Indian J Crit Care Med 2020;24(2):88-89.
JO  - Indian journal of critical care medicine : peer-reviewed, official publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 24
IS  - 2
PG  - 88-89
SP  - 88
EP  - 89
AN  - 32205937
DO  - 10.5005/jp-journals-10071-23365
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Lopinavir/ritonavir combination therapy amongst symptomatic coronavirus disease 2019 patients in India: Protocol for restricted public health emergency use
AU  - Bhatnagar, T.
AU  - Murhekar, M. V.
AU  - Soneja, M.
AU  - Gupta, N.
AU  - Giri, S.
AU  - Wig, N.
AU  - Gangakhedkar, R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As of February 29, 2020, more than 85,000 cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been reported from China and 53 other countries with 2,924 deaths. On January 30, 2020, the first laboratory-confirmed case of COVID was reported from Kerala, India. In view of the earlier evidence about effectiveness of repurposed lopinavir/ritonavir against severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronavirus (CoV), as well as preliminary docking studies conducted by the ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, the Central Drugs Standard Control Organization approved the restricted public health use of lopinavir/ritonavir combination amongst symptomatic COVID-19 patients detected in the country. Hospitalized adult patients with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection with any one of the following criteria will be eligible to receive lopinavir/ritonavir for 14 days after obtaining written informed consent: (i) respiratory distress with respiratory rate >/=22/min or SpO2 of <94 per cent; (ii) lung parenchymal infiltrates on chest X-ray; (iii) hypotension defined as systolic blood pressure <90 mmHg or need for vasopressor/inotropic medication; (iv) new-onset organ dysfunction; and (v) high-risk groups - age >60 yr, diabetes mellitus, renal failure, chronic lung disease and immunocompromised persons. Patients will be monitored to document clinical (hospital length of stay and mortality at 14, 28 and 90 days), laboratory (presence of viral RNA in serial throat swab samples) and safety (adverse events and serious adverse events) outcomes. Treatment outcomes amongst initial cases would be useful in providing guidance about the clinical management of patients with COVID-19. If found useful in managing initial SARS-CoV-2-infected patients, further evaluation using a randomized control trial design is warranted to guide future therapeutic use of this combination.
JO  - The Indian journal of medical research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32202256
DO  - 10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_502_20
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Need for integrated surveillance at human-animal interface for rapid detection & response to emerging coronavirus infections using One Health approach
AU  - Bhatia, R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Indian journal of medical research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32202259
DO  - 10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_623_20
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus lockdown: What I learnt when I shut my cancer lab in 48 hours
AU  - Bardelli, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32203371
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00826-7
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and the liver: little cause for concern
AU  - Bangash, Mansoor N.
AU  - Patel, Jaimin
AU  - Parekh, Dhruv
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2468-1253(20)30084-4
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-1253(20)30084-4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Rapid response to COVID-19 outbreak in Northern Italy: how to convert a classic infectious disease ward into a COVID-19 response centre
AU  - Asperges, E.
AU  - Novati, S.
AU  - Muzzi, A.
AU  - Biscarini, S.
AU  - Sciarra, M.
AU  - Lupi, M.
AU  - Sambo, M.
AU  - Gallazzi, I.
AU  - Peverini, M.
AU  - Lago, P.
AU  - Mojoli, F.
AU  - Perlini, S.
AU  - Bruno, R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of hospital infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32205162
DO  - 10.1016/j.jhin.2020.03.020
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Rapid viral diagnosis and ambulatory management of suspected COVID-19 cases presenting at the infectious diseases referral hospital in Marseille, France, - January 31st to March 1st, 2020: A respiratory virus snapshot
AU  - Amrane, S.
AU  - Tissot-Dupont, H.
AU  - Doudier, B.
AU  - Eldin, C.
AU  - Hocquart, M.
AU  - Mailhe, M.
AU  - Dudouet, P.
AU  - Ormieres, E.
AU  - Ailhaud, L.
AU  - Parola, P.
AU  - Lagier, J. C.
AU  - Brouqui, P.
AU  - Zandotti, C.
AU  - Ninove, L.
AU  - Luciani, L.
AU  - Boschi, C.
AU  - La Scola, B.
AU  - Raoult, D.
AU  - Million, M.
AU  - Colson, P.
AU  - Gautret, P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Rapid virological diagnosis is needed to limit the length of isolation for suspected COVID-19 cases. METHOD: We managed the first 280 patients suspected to have COVID-19 through a rapid care circuit and virological diagnosis in our infectious disease reference hospital in Marseille, France. Rapid viral detection was performed on sputum and nasopharyngeal samples. RESULTS: Over our study period, no SARS-CoV-2 was detected. Results were obtained within approximately three hours of the arrival of patient samples at the laboratory. Other viral infections were identified in 49% of the patients, with most common pathogens being influenza A and B viruses, rhinovirus, metapneumovirus and common coronaviruses, notably HKU1 and NL63. CONCLUSION: Early recognition of COVID-19 is critical to isolate confirmed cases and prevent further transmission. Early rule-out of COVID-19 allows public health containment measures to be adjusted by reducing the time spent in isolation.
JO  - Travel medicine and infectious disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101632
SP  - 101632
EP  - 
AN  - 32205269
DO  - 10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101632
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Trendbericht Analytische Chemie
AU  - Alfeld, Matthias
AU  - Eckhardt, Hanns-Simon
AU  - Kraft, Jörg
AU  - Maiwald, Michael
AU  - Meermann, Björn
AU  - Merz, Klaus
AU  - Pacholski, Claudia
AU  - Prikler, Simon
AU  - Richert, Joachim
AU  - Steiner, Gerald
AU  - von Tümpling, Wolf
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - AbstractZusätzlich zu Methodenentwicklung, Miniaturisierung und Kopplungsverfahren zeigen sich die Hyperspektroskopie zusammen mit Imaging-Verfahren, der Einzelmolekülnachweis und der Einsatz von 3-D-Druckern als neue Schwerpunkte. Hinzu kommen künstliche Intelligenz bei Sensoren, Bildgebungsverfahren und Prozesssteuerung sowie die Vernetzung von Analyse- und Laborgeräten. Trends und Forschungsthemen aus der analytischen Chemie, zusammengestellt von elf Autoren, koordiniert von Günter Gauglitz.
JO  - Nachrichten aus der Chemie
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 68
IS  - 4
PG  - 52-60
SP  - 52
EP  - 60
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/nadc.20204095786
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/nadc.20204095786
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pharmacy Services and the Novel Coronavirus
AU  - Alderman, C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Pharmacists around the world can expect to be affected by the coronavirus, especially those who provide care for older people who are at a much higher risk for grave consequences from the virus. It is critical that pharmacists maintain awareness of the evolving pandemic and access reliable information to remain familiar with developments.
JO  - The Senior care pharmacist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 35
IS  - 4
PG  - 146-147
SP  - 146
EP  - 147
AN  - 32192561
DO  - 10.4140/TCP.n.2020.146.
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Plano de Contingência Estadual para Infecção Humana pelo novo Coronavírus 2019-nCoV
AU  - Alagoas . Secretaria de Estado da, Saúde
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A infecção humana pelo novo Coronavírus (2019-nCoV) considerada pela Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) como Emergência de Saúde Pública de Importância Internacional (ESPII), foi declarada pelo Ministério da Saúde, por meio da Portaria nº 188, de 03/02/2020, Emergência em Saúde Pública de importância Nacional (ESPIN). O Ministério instalou o Centro de Operações de Emergências em Saúde Pública (COEnCoV), como mecanismo nacional da gestão coordenada da resposta à emergência em âmbito nacional, e a SESAU instituiu o Grupo Técnico Operacional de Emergência para Vigilância do Coronavírus ­ GT-nCoV, por meio da Portaria do Secretário de Estado da Saúde, nº 1.009, de 5/2/2020. Um dos principais compromissos do GT é a elaboração, revisão periódica e monitoramento deste Plano, considerando que ainda há importante grau de incerteza em relação a esse cenário, tendo em conta que o espectro clínico ainda não está descrito completamente, não há certezas quanto ao padrão de letalidade, mortalidade, infectividade e transmissibilidade e não há vacina ou medicamento específico disponível. Este Plano está organizado em duas partes. Na primeira apresentam-se conceitos e definições pautadas nas diretrizes do Ministério da Saúde, disseminadas em boletins e protocolos, constantemente revistos em função das mudanças de cenário do 2019-nCoV. Na segunda parte tem-se uma síntese das fases do Plano em Alagoas e o detalhamento das responsabilidades dos envolvidos no enfrentamento de uma possível ESPIN.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://portalarquivos2.saude.gov.br/images/pdf/2020/fevereiro/13/PLANO-DE-CONTINGENCIA-novo-coronavirus-ALAGOAS-EM-REVIS--O.pdf http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/bgw2x
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Changing the editorial process at JCI and JCI Insight in response to the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Ahima, Rexford S.
AU  - Jackson, Sarah
AU  - Casadevall, Arturo
AU  - Semenza, Gregg L.
AU  - Tomaselli, Gordon
AU  - Collins, Kathleen L.
AU  - Lieberman, Andrew P.
AU  - Martin, Donna M.
AU  - Reddy, Pavan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The editors of JCI and JCI Insight are revisiting our editorial processes in light of the strain that the COVID-19 pandemic places on the worldwide scientific community. Here, we discuss adjustments to our decision framework in light of restrictions placed on laboratory working conditions for many of our authors.
JO  - The Journal of clinical investigation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - MEDLINE:32202513
DO  - 10.1172/jci138305
UR  - <Go to ISI>://MEDLINE:32202513
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Guidance for building a dedicated health facility to contain the spread of the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak
AU  - Agarwal, A.
AU  - Nagi, N.
AU  - Chatterjee, P.
AU  - Sarkar, S.
AU  - Mourya, D.
AU  - Sahay, R. R.
AU  - Bhatia, R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Preparedness for the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and its spread in India calls for setting up of adequately equipped and dedicated health facilities to manage sick patients while protecting healthcare workers and the environment. In the wake of other emerging dangerous pathogens in recent times, such as Ebola, Nipah and Zika, it is important that such facilities are kept ready during the inter-epidemic period for training of health professionals and for managing cases of multi-drug resistant and difficult-to-treat pathogens. While endemic potential of such critically ill patients is not yet known, the health system should have surge capacity for such critical care units and preferably each tertiary government hospital should have at least one such facility. This article describes elements of design of such unit (e.g., space, infection control, waste disposal, safety of healthcare workers, partners to be involved in design and plan) which can be adapted to the context of either a new construction or makeshift construction on top of an existing structure. In view of a potential epidemic of COVID-19, specific requirements to handle it are also given.
JO  - The Indian journal of medical research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32202258
DO  - 10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_518_20
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Plano de Contingência e Ação Estadual do Acre para Infecção Humana pelo novo Coronavírus (2019-nCoV)
AU  - Acre . Secretaria de Estado da, Saúde
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Diante da Emergência em Saúde Pública declarada pela Organização Mundial da saúde na data de 30 de janeiro do ano corrente, por doença respiratória causada pelo agente novo coronavírus (2019-nCoV), conforme casos detectados na China e considerando-se as recomendações da Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS), a Secretaria Estadual da Saúde do Acre atribuiu ao CIEV e Área técnica de Influenza o monitoramento da situação do Coronavírus. Este documento apresenta o Plano de Contingência Estadual, o qual está em consonância com o Plano de Contingência Nacional para Infecção Humana pelo novo Coronavírus (2019-nCoV) em caso de surto define o nível de resposta e a estrutura de comando correspondente a ser configurada, em cada esfera e nível de complexidade. A estruturação da resposta em três níveis é geralmente usada em planos de preparação e resposta em todo o mundo. Deste modo, seguimos a recomendação do Ministério da Saúde. Toda medida deve ser proporcional e restrita aos riscos.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://portalarquivos2.saude.gov.br/images/pdf/2020/fevereiro/13/PLANO-DE-CONTINGENCIA-novo-coronavirus-ACRE-EM-REVIS--O.pdf http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/rmuea
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Response plan in the neonatal intensive care unit during epidemic of SARS-CoV-2 infection (2nd Edition)]
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, an outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has spread from China to other countries. In order to effectively respond to possible neonatal SARS-CoV-2 infection, neonatologists from the Medical Association of Chinese People's Liberation Army and the Editorial Committee of Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics proposed the response plan in the neonatal intensive care unit during epidemic of SARS-CoV-2 infection (1st edition) at the end of January of 2020. Based on the further knowledge and experience on SARS-CoV-2 infection, the neonatologists updated the plan according to the current evidence, so as to provide a better guide for clinical medical staff to deal with the SARS-CoV-2 infection in the NICU.
JO  - Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 22
IS  - 3
PG  - 205-210
SP  - 205
EP  - 210
AN  - 32204754
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical features and obstetric and neonatal outcomes of pregnant patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective, single-centre, descriptive study
AU  - Yu, Nan
AU  - Li, Wei
AU  - Kang, Qingling
AU  - Xiong, Zhi
AU  - Wang, Shaoshuai
AU  - Lin, Xingguang
AU  - Liu, Yanyan
AU  - Xiao, Juan
AU  - Liu, Haiyi
AU  - Deng, Dongrui
AU  - Chen, Suhua
AU  - Zeng, Wanjiang
AU  - Feng, Ling
AU  - Wu, Jianli
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - BackgroundIn December, 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in Wuhan, China. The number of affected pregnant women is increasing, but scarce information is available about the clinical features of COVID-19 in pregnancy. This study aimed to clarify the clinical features and obstetric and neonatal outcomes of pregnant patients with COVID-19.
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30176-6
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30176-6
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Temporal profiles of viral load in posterior oropharyngeal saliva samples and serum antibody responses during infection by SARS-CoV-2: an observational cohort study
AU  - To, Kelvin Kai-Wang
AU  - Tsang, Owen Tak-Yin
AU  - Leung, Wai-Shing
AU  - Tam, Anthony Raymond
AU  - Wu, Tak-Chiu
AU  - Lung, David Christopher
AU  - Yip, Cyril Chik-Yan
AU  - Cai, Jian-Piao
AU  - Chan, Jacky Man-Chun
AU  - Chik, Thomas Shiu-Hong
AU  - Lau, Daphne Pui-Ling
AU  - Choi, Chris Yau-Chung
AU  - Chen, Lin-Lei
AU  - Chan, Wan-Mui
AU  - Chan, Kwok-Hung
AU  - Ip, Jonathan Daniel
AU  - Ng, Anthony Chin-Ki
AU  - Poon, Rosana Wing-Shan
AU  - Luo, Cui-Ting
AU  - Cheng, Vincent Chi-Chung
AU  - Chan, Jasper Fuk-Woo
AU  - Hung, Ivan Fan-Ngai
AU  - Chen, Zhiwei
AU  - Chen, Honglin
AU  - Yuen, Kwok-Yung
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - BackgroundCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) causes severe community and nosocomial outbreaks. Comprehensive data for serial respiratory viral load and serum antibody responses from patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are not yet available. Nasopharyngeal and throat swabs are usually obtained for serial viral load monitoring of respiratory infections but gathering these specimens can cause discomfort for patients and put health-care workers at risk. We aimed to ascertain the serial respiratory viral load of SARS-CoV-2 in posterior oropharyngeal (deep throat) saliva samples from patients with COVID-19, and serum antibody responses.
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30196-1
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30196-1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Ventilatory Ratio in Hypercapnic Mechanically Ventilated Patients with COVID-19 Associated ARDS
AU  - Liu, X.
AU  - Xu, Y.
AU  - Xu, Z.
AU  - Huang, Y.
AU  - Chen, S.
AU  - Li, S.
AU  - Liu, D.
AU  - Lin, Z.
AU  - Li, Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32203672
DO  - 10.1164/rccm.202002-0373LE
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is associated with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
AU  - Lippi, Giuseppe
AU  - Henry, Brandon Michael
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Respiratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 105941-105941
SP  - 105941
EP  - 105941
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.rmed.2020.105941
UR  - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0954611120300810
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): Spectrum of CT Findings and Temporal Progression of the Disease
AU  - Li, M.
AU  - Lei, P.
AU  - Zeng, B.
AU  - Li, Z.
AU  - Yu, P.
AU  - Fan, B.
AU  - Wang, C.
AU  - Zhou, J.
AU  - Hu, S.
AU  - Liu, H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease is an emerging infection caused by a novel coronavirus that is moving rapidly. High resolution computed tomography (CT) allows objective evaluation of the lung lesions, thus enabling us to better understand the pathogenesis of the disease. With serial CT examinations, the occurrence, development, and prognosis of the disease can be better understood. The imaging can be sorted into four phases: early phase, progressive phase, severe phase, and dissipative phase. The CT appearance of each phase and temporal progression of the imaging findings are demonstrated.
JO  - Academic radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32204987
DO  - 10.1016/j.acra.2020.03.003
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - ISUOG Safety Committee Position Statement: safe performance of obstetric and gynecological scans and equipment cleaning in the context of COVID-19
AU  - Lees, C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32207189
DO  - 10.1002/uog.22027
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Estimating the relative probability of direct transmission between infectious disease patients
AU  - Leavitt, Sarah V.
AU  - Lee, Robyn S.
AU  - Sebastiani, Paola
AU  - Horsburgh, C. Robert
AU  - Jenkins, Helen E.
AU  - White, Laura F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background Estimating infectious disease parameters such as the serial interval (time between symptom onset in primary and secondary cases) and reproductive number (average number of secondary cases produced by a primary case) are important in understanding infectious disease dynamics. Many estimation methods require linking cases by direct transmission, a difficult task for most diseases. Methods Using a subset of cases with detailed genetic and/or contact investigation data to develop a training set of probable transmission events, we build a model to estimate the relative transmission probability for all case-pairs from demographic, spatial and clinical data. Our method is based on naive Bayes, a machine learning classification algorithm which uses the observed frequencies in the training dataset to estimate the probability that a pair is linked given a set of covariates. Results In simulations, we find that the probabilities estimated using genetic distance between cases to define training transmission events are able to distinguish between truly linked and unlinked pairs with high accuracy (area under the receiver operating curve value of 95%). Additionally, only a subset of the cases, 10–50% depending on sample size, need to have detailed genetic data for our method to perform well. We show how these probabilities can be used to estimate the average effective reproductive number and apply our method to a tuberculosis outbreak in Hamburg, Germany. Conclusions Our method is a novel way to infer transmission dynamics in any dataset when only a subset of cases has rich contact investigation and/or genetic data.
JO  - International Journal Of Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/ije/dyaa031
UR  - http://fdslive.oup.com/www.oup.com/pdf/production_in_progress.pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: Highest risk patients are asked to stay at home for 12 weeks
AU  - Kmietowicz, Zosia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A million and a half people in England who are at very high risk of severe illness and admission to hospital because of covid-12 will receive a letter this week asking them to stay at home for at least 12 weeks. Other people in the household will not have to remain inside but should adhere to Public Health England’s advice to leave a distance of at least 2 m when interacting with other people. People falling into this extremely vulnerable group include those who have undergone an organ transplantation, those having certain treatments for cancer, those with certain respiratory conditions, and pregnant women with significant heart disease (box 1).1 They have been identified through general practice records, clinical reference groups, hospital trusts, and medical royal colleges. Box 1 ### Who should stay at home Among the groups of vulnerable people the government is saying should stay at home for 12 weeks are:RETURN TO TEXT
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1170-m1170
SP  - m1170
EP  - m1170
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1170
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1170
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - YouTube as source of information on 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak: A cross sectional study of English and Mandarin content
AU  - Khatri, P.
AU  - Singh, S.
AU  - Belani, N. K.
AU  - Leng, Y. Y.
AU  - Lohan, R.
AU  - Wei, L. Y.
AU  - Teo, W. Z.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: The current 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak is rapidly evolving. YouTube has been recognized as a popular source of information in previous disease outbreaks. We analyzed the content on YouTube about n-CoV in English and Mandarin languages. METHODS: YouTube was searched using the terms '2019 novel coronavirus', 'Wuhan virus' and '' (Mandarin for Wuhan virus) on 1st and 2nd February 2020. First 50 videos in each group were analyzed. Videos in other languages, duplicate videos, those without an audio and duration >15min were excluded .72 videos in English and 42 in Mandarin were reviewed. 2 reviewers classified the videos as useful, misleading or news based on pre specified criterion. Inter-observer agreement was evaluated with kappa coefficient. Modified DISCERN index for reliability and medical information and content index (MICI) score were used for content analysis. RESULTS: These videos attracted cumulative 21,288,856 views. 67% of English and 50% Mandarin videos had useful information. The viewership of misleading Mandarin videos was higher than the useful ones. WHO accounted for only 4% of useful videos. Mean DISCERN score for reliability was 3.12/5 and 3.25/5 for English and Mandarin videos respectively. Mean cumulative MICI score of useful videos was low (6.71/25 for English and 6.28/25 for Mandarin). CONCLUSIONS: YouTube viewership during 2019 n-CoV outbreak is higher than previous outbreaks. The medical content of videos is suboptimal International health agencies are underrepresented. Given its popularity, YouTube should be considered as important platform for information dissemination.
JO  - Travel medicine and infectious disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101636
SP  - 101636
EP  - 
AN  - 32205267
DO  - 10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101636
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19, Urologists and Hospitals
AU  - Kashi, A. H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Urology journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32207541
DO  - 10.22037/uj.v0i0.6064
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Anesthesia management in cesarean section for a patient with coronavirus disease 2019]
AU  - Kang, X.
AU  - Zhang, R.
AU  - He, H.
AU  - Yao, Y.
AU  - Zheng, Y.
AU  - Wen, X.
AU  - Zhu, S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since the corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) affects the cardio-pulmonary function of pregnant women, the anesthetic management in the cesarean section for the patients, as well as the protection for medical staff is significantly different from that in ordinary surgical operation. This paper reports a pregnant woman with COVID-19, for whom a cesarean section was successfully performed in our hospital on February 8, 2020. Anesthetic management, protection of medical staff and psychological intervention for the patients during the operation are discussed. Importance should be attached to the preoperative evaluation of pregnant women with COVID-19 and the implementation of anesthesia plan. For ordinary COVID-19 patients intraspinal anesthesia is preferred in cesarean section, and the influence on respiration and circulation in both maternal and infant should be reduced; while for severe or critically ill patients general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation should be adopted. The safety of medical environment should be ensured, and level- standard protection should be taken for anesthetists. Special attention and support should be given to maternal psychology. It is important to give full explanation before operation to reduce anxiety; to relieve the discomfort during operation to reduce tension; to avoid the bad mood of patients due to pain after operation.
JO  - Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 49
IS  - 1
PG  - 0
SP  - 0
EP  - 
AN  - 32207592
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: Active measures to support community-dwelling older adults
AU  - K, K.
AU  - A, K.
AU  - Y, F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Travel medicine and infectious disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101638
SP  - 101638
EP  - 
AN  - 32205272
DO  - 10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101638
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Traumatization in medical staff helping with COVID-19 control
AU  - Joob, B.
AU  - Wiwanitkit, V.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Brain, behavior, and immunity
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32205120
DO  - 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.03.020
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia
AU  - Jin, Xiang-Hong
AU  - Zheng, Kenneth I.
AU  - Pan, Ke-Hua
AU  - Xie, Yu-Peng
AU  - Zheng, Ming-Hua
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Haematology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 7
IS  - 4
PG  - e351-e352
SP  - e351
EP  - e352
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2352-3026(20)30074-0
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-3026(20)30074-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - PCOMM
TI  - Coronavirus (COVID-19) Update: Early Safety Signals Around Ibuprofen and Renin-Angiotensin Inhibitors | Coronavirus (COVID19) | JN Learning | AMA Ed Hub
AU  - JAMA
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Emerging information about how SARS-CoV-2 virus infects cells has led to speculation that NSAIDs and ACE inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) may worsen clinical disease. Infectious disease physician Carlos del Rio, MD, of Emory University explains the concerns and their clinical implications.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://edhub.ama-assn.org/jn-learning/audio-player/18329925
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: doctors are given new guidelines on when to admit patients to critical care
AU  - Iacobucci, Gareth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Decisions about whether to admit patients with covid-19 to critical care should consider the medical benefit including the patient’s likelihood of recovery, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) has recommended. The advice is among a raft of recommendations included in three new rapid guidelines from NICE advising doctors on caring for people with suspected or confirmed covid-19. The guidelines, published on 21 March, cover critical care, delivery of systemic anticancer treatments, and dialysis service delivery. They are the swiftest NICE has ever published and were produced in collaboration with NHS England and NHS Improvement with support from specialist societies and royal colleges. The guideline on critical care1 says that “irrespective of covid-19 status” all patients on admission to hospital should …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1189-m1189
SP  - m1189
EP  - m1189
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1189
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1189
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Battle Against Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Emergency Management and Infection Control in a Radiology Department
AU  - Huang, Zixing
AU  - Zhao, Shuang
AU  - Li, Zhenlin
AU  - Chen, Weixia
AU  - Zhao, Lihong
AU  - Deng, Lipeng
AU  - Song, Bin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American College of Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jacr.2020.03.011
UR  - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1546144020302854
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Insights from nanomedicine into chloroquine efficacy against COVID-19
AU  - Hu, T. Y.
AU  - Frieman, M.
AU  - Wolfram, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature nanotechnology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32203437
DO  - 10.1038/s41565-020-0674-9
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Offline: COVID-19&#x2014;a reckoning
AU  - Horton, Richard
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10228
PG  - 935
SP  - 935
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30669-3
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30669-3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preventing intra-hospital infection and transmission of COVID-19 in healthcare workers
AU  - Hoe Gan, Wee
AU  - Wah Lim, John
AU  - Koh, David
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Safety and Health at Work
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.shaw.2020.03.001
UR  - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S209379112030161X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Commentary: COVID-19 in Patients with Diabetes
AU  - Hill, Michael A.
AU  - Mantzoros, Christos
AU  - Sowers, James R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Metabolism
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 154217-154217
SP  - 154217
EP  - 154217
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.metabol.2020.154217
UR  - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0026049520300810
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Imaging Features of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): Evaluation on Thin-Section CT
AU  - Guan, C. S.
AU  - Lv, Z. B.
AU  - Yan, S.
AU  - Du, Y. N.
AU  - Chen, H.
AU  - Wei, L. G.
AU  - Xie, R. M.
AU  - Chen, B. D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: To retrospectively analyze the chest imaging findings in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on thin-section CT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-three patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection underwent thin-section CT examination. Two chest radiologists independently evaluated the imaging in terms of distribution, ground-glass opacity (GGO), consolidation, air bronchogram, stripe, enlarged mediastinal lymph node, and pleural effusion. RESULTS: Fourty-seven cases (88.7%) had findings of COVID-19 infection, and the other six (11.3%) were normal. Among the 47 cases, 78.7% involved both lungs, and 93.6% had peripheral infiltrates distributed along the subpleural area. All cases showed GGO, 59.6% of which were round and 40.4% patchy. Other imaging features included "crazy-paving pattern" (89.4%), consolidation (63.8%), and air bronchogram (76.6%). Air bronchograms were observed within GGO (61.7%) and consolidation (70.3%). Neither enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes nor pleural effusion were present. Thirty-three patients (62.3%) were followed an average interval of 6.2 +/- 2.9 days. The lesions increased in 75.8% and resorbed in 24.2% of patients. CONCLUSION: COVID-19 showed the pulmonary lesions in patients infected with COVID-19 were predominantly distributed peripherally in the subpleural area.
JO  - Academic radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32204990
DO  - 10.1016/j.acra.2020.03.002
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel 2019 Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19): An Updated Overview for Emergency Clinicians
AU  - Giwa, A. L.
AU  - Desai, A.
AU  - Duca, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus, COVID-19, has quickly become a worldwide threat to health, travel, and commerce. This overview analyzes the best information from the early research, including epidemiologic and demographic features from SARS-CoV-1 and MERS-CoV viruses; lessons learned from the experience of an emergency physician in Northern Italy, where the outbreak has devastated the healthcare system; evidence on transmission and prevention through safe use of PPE; evidence and advice on SARS-CoV-2 testing and co-infection; management options; airway management options; steps for rapid sequence intubation in the ED and managing disaster ventilation; and information on managing pediatric and pregnant patients.
JO  - Emergency medicine practice
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 21
IS  - 5
PG  - 1-28
SP  - 1
EP  - 28
AN  - 32207910
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Five tips for moving teaching online as COVID-19 takes hold
AU  - Gewin, Virginia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Universities are closing worldwide, forcing instructors to turn to remote teaching. Here’s some expert advice on how to embrace the digital classroom.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00896-7
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00896-7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clare Gerada: Doctors on the covid-19 front line also need to protect themselves and their colleagues
AU  - Gerada, Clare
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - I brought more than a fridge magnet back from my recent trip to New York. Unbeknown to me, I also brought back covid-19. I confused the initial symptoms of fatigue with jet lag. I thought that the dry cough was secondary to the effects of the cabin air. However, it was quite clear that a high temperature wasn’t a symptom of jet lag, and very soon after arriving back in the UK I realised that I’d developed the illness that’s been on everyone’s mind for weeks. The NHS was still routinely testing, although in the community this was only for people who had returned from a list of countries deemed to be high risk. At that time the US was …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1121-m1121
SP  - m1121
EP  - m1121
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1121
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1121
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin as a treatment of COVID-19: results of an open-label non-randomized clinical trial
AU  - Gautret, P.
AU  - Lagier, J. C.
AU  - Parola, P.
AU  - Hoang, V. T.
AU  - Meddeb, L.
AU  - Mailhe, M.
AU  - Doudier, B.
AU  - Courjon, J.
AU  - Giordanengo, V.
AU  - Vieira, V. E.
AU  - Dupont, H. T.
AU  - Honore, S.
AU  - Colson, P.
AU  - Chabriere, E.
AU  - La Scola, B.
AU  - Rolain, J. M.
AU  - Brouqui, P.
AU  - Raoult, D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine have been found to be efficient on SARS-CoV-2, and reported to be efficient in Chinese COV-19 patients. We evaluate the role of hydroxychloroquine on respiratory viral loads. PATIENTS AND METHODS: French Confirmed COVID-19 patients were included in a single arm protocol from early March to March 16(th), to receive 600mg of hydroxychloroquine daily and their viral load in nasopharyngeal swabs was tested daily in a hospital setting. Depending on their clinical presentation, azithromycin was added to the treatment. Untreated patients from another center and cases refusing the protocol were included as negative controls. Presence and absence of virus at Day6-post inclusion was considered the end point. RESULTS: Six patients were asymptomatic, 22 had upper respiratory tract infection symptoms and eight had lower respiratory tract infection symptoms. Twenty cases were treated in this study and showed a significant reduction of the viral carriage at D6-post inclusion compared to controls, and much lower average carrying duration than reported of untreated patients in the literature. Azithromycin added to hydroxychloroquine was significantly more efficient for virus elimination. CONCLUSION: Despite its small sample size our survey shows that hydroxychloroquine treatment is significantly associated with viral load reduction/disappearance in COVID-19 patients and its effect is reinforced by azithromycin.
JO  - International journal of antimicrobial agents
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 105949
SP  - 105949
EP  - 
AN  - 32205204
DO  - 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105949
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The novel coronavirus (COVID-2019) outbreak: Amplification of public health consequences by media exposure
AU  - Garfin, D. R.
AU  - Silver, R. C.
AU  - Holman, E. A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-2019) has led to a serious outbreak of often severe respiratory disease, which originated in China and has quickly become a global pandemic, with far-reaching consequences that are unprecedented in the modern era. As public health officials seek to contain the virus and mitigate the deleterious effects on worldwide population health, a related threat has emerged: global media exposure to the crisis. We review research suggesting that repeated media exposure to community crisis can lead to increased anxiety, heightened stress responses that can lead to downstream effects on health, and misplaced health-protective and help-seeking behaviors that can overburden health care facilities and tax available resources. We draw from work on previous public health crises (i.e., Ebola and H1N1 outbreaks) and other collective trauma (e.g., terrorist attacks) where media coverage of events had unintended consequences for those at relatively low risk for direct exposure, leading to potentially severe public health repercussions. We conclude with recommendations for individuals, researchers, and public health officials with respect to receiving and providing effective communications during a public health crisis. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
JO  - Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32202824
DO  - 10.1037/hea0000875
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Scientific and ethical basis for social-distancing interventions against COVID-19
AU  - Lewnard, Joseph A.
AU  - Lo, Nathan C.
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30190-0
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30190-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The first infant case of COVID-19 acquired from a secondary transmission in Vietnam
AU  - Le, Hai T.
AU  - Nguyen, Lam V.
AU  - Tran, Dien M.
AU  - Do, Hai T.
AU  - Tran, Huong T.
AU  - Le, Yen T.
AU  - Phan, Phuc H.
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2352-4642(20)30091-2
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-4642(20)30091-2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Interventions to mitigate early spread of SARS-CoV-2 in Singapore: a modelling study
AU  - Koo, Joel R.
AU  - Cook, Alex R.
AU  - Park, Minah
AU  - Sun, Yinxiaohe
AU  - Sun, Haoyang
AU  - Lim, Jue Tao
AU  - Tam, Clarence
AU  - Dickens, Borame L.
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - BackgroundSince the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak began in the Chinese city of Wuhan on Dec 31, 2019, 68 imported cases and 175 locally acquired infections have been reported in Singapore. We aimed to investigate options for early intervention in Singapore should local containment (eg, preventing disease spread through contact tracing efforts) be unsuccessful.
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30162-6
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30162-6
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - National UK programme of community health workers for COVID-19 response
AU  - Haines, Andy
AU  - de Barros, Enrique Falceto
AU  - Berlin, Anita
AU  - Heymann, David L.
AU  - Harris, Matthew J.
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30735-2
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30735-2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: mitigating transmission via wastewater plumbing systems
AU  - Gormley, Michael
AU  - Aspray, Thomas J.
AU  - Kelly, David A.
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Global Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30112-1
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30112-1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2: virus dynamics and host response
AU  - Chen, Yu
AU  - Li, Lanjuan
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30235-8
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30235-8
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cancer care in the time of COVID-19
AU  - Burki, Talha Khan
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30201-1
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30201-1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in pregnant women &#x2013; Authors' reply
AU  - Baud, David
AU  - Giannoni, Eric
AU  - Pomar, Léo
AU  - Qi, Xiaolong
AU  - Nielsen-Saines, Karin
AU  - Musso, Didier
AU  - Favre, Guillaume
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30192-4
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30192-4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and medical education
AU  - Ahmed, Hanad
AU  - Allaf, Mohammed
AU  - Elghazaly, Hussein
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30226-7
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30226-7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Lack of SARS-CoV-2 RNA environmental contamination in a tertiary referral hospital for infectious diseases in Northern Italy
AU  - Colaneri, M.
AU  - Seminari, E.
AU  - Piralla, A.
AU  - Zuccaro, V.
AU  - Filippo, A. D.
AU  - Baldanti, F.
AU  - Bruno, R.
AU  - Mondelli, M. U.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of hospital infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32201338
DO  - 10.1016/j.jhin.2020.03.018
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Perinatal and neonatal management plan for prevention and control of SARS-CoV-2 infection (2nd Edition)]
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since late December 2019, SARS-CoV-2 infection has spread to all parts of the country and overseas, and the outbreak continues. At the end of January 2020, the Working Group for the Prevention and Control of Neonatal SARS-CoV-2 Infection in the Perinatal Period of the Editorial Committee of Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics worked out the perinatal and neonatal management plan for prevention and control of SARS-CoV-2 infection (1st Edition). This plan has been verified by clinical practice for 3 weeks. With the further understanding of SARS-CoV-2 infection, especially the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 infection cases in pregnant women and neonates, it is necessary to update the first edition of the management plan so as to offer a better guide on clinical practice. Therefore, the Working Group has worked out the second edition of the management plan.
JO  - Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 22
IS  - 3
PG  - 195-198
SP  - 195
EP  - 198
AN  - 32204752
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Take precautions beforehand: calling for clinical trials of pediatric drugs for treating coronavirus disease 2019
AU  - Ni, Shao-Qing
AU  - Fu, Qi-Bo
AU  - Shou, Xin-Yi
AU  - Shu, Qiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - World Journal of Pediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12519-020-00355-3
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12519-020-00355-3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Integrating Emergency Care with Population Health 2019-nCoV : The Identify-Isolate-Inform ( 3I ) Tool Applied to a Novel Emerging Coronavirus
AU  - Christian, K.
AU  - Eric, C.
AU  - Koenig, Kristi L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Western Journal of Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 21
IS  - 2
PG  - 1-8
SP  - 1
EP  - 8
AN  - 
DO  - 10.5811/westjem.2020.1.46760
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Structural Genomics of SARS-CoV-2 Indicates Evolutionary Conserved Functional Regions of Viral Proteins
AU  - Srinivasan, Suhas
AU  - Cui, Hongzhu
AU  - Gao, Ziyang
AU  - Liu, Ming
AU  - Lu, Senbao
AU  - Mkandawire, Winnie
AU  - Narykov, Oleksandr
AU  - Sun, Mo
AU  - Korkin, Dmitry
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - During its first two and a half months, the recently emerged 2019 novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, has already infected over one-hundred thousand people worldwide and has taken more than four thousand lives. However, the swiftly spreading virus also caused an unprecedentedly rapid response from the research community facing the unknown health challenge of potentially enormous proportions. Unfortunately, the experimental research to understand the molecular mechanisms behind the viral infection and to design a vaccine or antivirals is costly and takes months to develop. To expedite the advancement of our knowledge, we leveraged data about the related coronaviruses that is readily available in public databases and integrated these data into a single computational pipeline. As a result, we provide comprehensive structural genomics and interactomics roadmaps of SARS-CoV-2 and use this information to infer the possible functional differences and similarities with the related SARS coronavirus. All data are made publicly available to the research community
JO  - Viruses
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 12
IS  - 4
PG  - 360
SP  - 360
EP  - 
AN  - doi:10.3390/v12040360
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/12/4/360
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - What to Do When A Patient Infected With COVID-19 Needs An Operation: A Pre-surgery, Peri-surgery and Post-surgery Guide
AU  - Kamer, Erdinç
AU  - Çolak, Tahsin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Turkish Journal of Colorectal Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 30
IS  - 1
PG  - 1-8
SP  - 1
EP  - 8
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4274/tjcd.galenos.2020.2020-3-7
UR  - http://cms.galenos.com.tr/Uploads/Article_36547/turkishjcrd-30-1-En.pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Importing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) into China after international air travel
AU  - Zhang, Xiao-Ai
AU  - Fan, Hang
AU  - Qi, Run-Zi
AU  - Zheng, Wei
AU  - Zheng, Kui
AU  - Gong, Jian-Hang
AU  - Fang, Li-Qun
AU  - Liu, Wei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101620-101620
SP  - 101620
EP  - 101620
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101620
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893920300880
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus: Dr. Li Wenliang, whistleblower, hero and martyr
AU  - Nau, J. Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Revue Medicale Suisse
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 16
IS  - 681
PG  - 336-337
SP  - 336
EP  - 337
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.revmed.ch/RMS/2020/RMS-N-681/Coronavirus-Dr-Li-Wenliang-lanceur-d-alerte-heros-et-martyr http://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&PAGE=reference&D=emexb&NEWS=N&AN=2005103274
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak
AU  - Patrucco, Filippo
AU  - Gavelli, Francesco
AU  - Shi, Rui
AU  - De Vita, Nello
AU  - Pavot, Arthur
AU  - Castello, Luigi M.
AU  - Ravanini, Paolo
AU  - Balbo, Piero E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Panminerva medica
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.23736/S0031-0808.20.03897-5
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32208412
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Patient Handout: Managing the Stress of the Covid-19 Pandemic COVID19 –Nuclear Medicine Departments, be prepared!
AU  - Huang, Hian Liang
AU  - Allie, Rayjanah
AU  - Gnanasegaran, Gopinath
AU  - Bomanji, Jamshed
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Oncology Times
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 42
IS  - 7
PG  - 9
SP  - 9
EP  - 
AN  - 00130989-202004050-00006
DO  - 10.1097/01.Cot.0000660220.29383.61 10.1097/mnm.0000000000001183
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/oncology-times/Fulltext/2020/04050/Patient_Handout__Managing_the_Stress_of_the.6.aspx https://journals.lww.com/nuclearmedicinecomm/Fulltext/2020/04000/COVID19__Nuclear_Medicine_Departments,_be.1.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Critical Supply Shortages — The Need for Ventilators and Personal Protective Equipment during the Covid-19 Pandemic
AU  - Ranney, Megan L.
AU  - Griffeth, Valerie
AU  - Jha, Ashish K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Critical Supply Shortages U.S. hospitals are already reporting shortages of key equipment needed to care for critically ill patients with Covid-19, including ventilators and personal protective equ...
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - NEJMp2006141-NEJMp2006141
SP  - NEJMp2006141
EP  - NEJMp2006141
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMp2006141
UR  - http://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMp2006141
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel Coronavirus and Old Lessons — Preparing the Health System for the Pandemic
AU  - Hick, John L.
AU  - Biddinger, Paul D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Novel Coronavirus and Old Lessons Bolstering our health system for the Covid-19 pandemic requires several critical moves, from expanding testing to protecting and expanding the health care workforc...
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - NEJMp2005118-NEJMp2005118
SP  - NEJMp2005118
EP  - NEJMp2005118
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMp2005118
UR  - http://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMp2005118
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - What the cruise-ship outbreaks reveal about COVID-19
AU  - Mallapaty, Smriti
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Close confines help the virus to spread, but closed environments are also an ideal place to study how the new coronavirus behaves.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00885-w
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00885-w
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cancer drug trials on hold amid coronavirus disruption
AU  - Ledford, Heidi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Studies on dozens of other diseases grind to a halt as fears of health-care shortages and risk of exposure put the brakes on clinical research.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00889-6
UR  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00889-6
NS  - 
N1  - Fatima Serhan (2020-03-27 01:26:49)(Screen): News ; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronaviruserkrankung bei Kindern – erste Daten aus Wuhan
AU  - Voitl, Peter
AU  - Niehues, Tim
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00112-020-00907-x
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00112-020-00907-x
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in intensive care. Some necessary steps for health care workers
AU  - Malhotra, Nipun
AU  - Gupta, Nitesh
AU  - Ish, Somya
AU  - Ish, Pranav
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>Due to the nature of their profession, health care personnel (HCP) have always been easy targets for transmission of communicable diseases like COVID-19. Shielding HCPs is of consequential significance in ensuring continued health care for the whole population in addition to reducing further spread. Close contact, repeated contact and prolonged contact are unavoidable in the intensive care (IC) environment. It is not uncommon for IC-HCPs to get carried away during an emergent situation, such as that posed by a suddenly deteriorating patient, and forgo the protective barriers that protect them from contracting a communicable infection. Some notable precautionary measures are mentioned below. This is by no means an exhaustive list.</p>
JO  - Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 90
IS  - 1
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4081/monaldi.2020.1284
UR  - https://www.monaldi-archives.org/index.php/macd/article/view/1284
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel decoy cellular vaccine strategy utilizing transgenic antigen-expressing cells as immune presenter and adjuvant in vaccine prototype against SARS-CoV-2 virus
AU  - Ji, Henry
AU  - Yan, Ying
AU  - Ding, Beibei
AU  - Guo, Wenzhong
AU  - Brunswick, Mark
AU  - Niethammer, Andreas
AU  - SooHoo, Williams
AU  - Smith, Robin
AU  - Nahama, Alexis
AU  - Zhang, Yanliang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A novel approach modifying cells to express viral markers to elicit protective immunity responses (decoy cellular vaccination) in the prevention of COVID-19 disease is currently being explored. Our approach entails utilizing SARS-CoV-2 Spike antigen-expressing, non-replicating cells as carriers and presenters of immunogenic antigens, so called “I-cells”. By using irradiated cells as presenting vehicles of SARS-CoV-2 viral antigens(s) in a cellular context, these presented viral proteins can be recognized by the host immune system, thus, an efficient protective immune response might be elicited. Another advantage of this strategy is that the manufacturing process is scalable and yields uniform cell products allowing for “off-the-shelf” frozen supply availability. To prevent engraftment and proliferation of the cells after administration, the cells will be irradiated post-harvesting abolishing in vivo replication potential. Specifically, immunoreactive Spike-1 proteins from SARS-CoV-2 are expressed on the surface of irradiated target I-cells. Utilizing this innovative strategy, these viral antigen-displaying decoy cells will be developed as a vaccine to protect against COVID-19 disease.
JO  - Medicine in Drug Discovery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 100026-100026
SP  - 100026
EP  - 100026
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medidd.2020.100026
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590098620300130
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Visit to Singapore Medical Journal during COVID-19 outbreak: learning “beyond” the expectation
AU  - Widjaja, Felix Firyanto
AU  - Suryaningrat, Windu Cahyaningrum Handayani Notonagoro
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>[No abstract available]</p>
JO  - Medical Journal of Indonesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 29
IS  - 1
PG  - 3-5
SP  - 3
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 10.13181/mji.ed.204615
UR  - https://mji.ui.ac.id/journal/index.php/mji/article/view/4615
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Social responsibility of medical journal: a concern for COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Hamid, Agus Rizal Ardy Hariandy
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>[No abstract available]</p>
JO  - Medical Journal of Indonesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 29
IS  - 1
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.13181/mji.ed.204629
UR  - https://mji.ui.ac.id/journal/index.php/mji/article/view/4629
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Routine childhood immunization may protect against COVID-19
AU  - Salman, Samar
AU  - Labib Salem, Mohamed
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Medical Hypotheses
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 109689-109689
SP  - 109689
EP  - 109689
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109689
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306987720304837
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Ribavirin, Remdesivir, Sofosbuvir, Galidesivir, and Tenofovir against SARS-CoV-2 RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp): A molecular docking study
AU  - Elfiky, Abdo A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Aims A new human coronavirus (HCoV), which has been designated SARS-CoV-2, began spreading in December 2019 in Wuhan City, China causing pneumonia called COVID-19. The spread of SARS-CoV-2 has been faster than any other coronaviruses that have succeeded in crossing the animal-human barrier. There is concern that this new virus will spread around the world as did the previous two HCoVs—Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS)—each of which caused approximately 800 deaths in the years 2002 and 2012, respectively. Thus far, 11,268 deaths have been reported from the 258,842 confirmed infections in 168 countries. Main methods In this study, the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) of the newly emerged coronavirus is modeled, validated, and then targeted using different anti-polymerase drugs currently on the market that have been approved for use against various viruses. Key findings The results suggest the effectiveness of Ribavirin, Remdesivir, Sofosbuvir, Galidesivir, and Tenofovir as potent drugs against SARS-CoV-2 since they tightly bind to its RdRp. In addition, the results suggest guanosine derivative (IDX-184), Setrobuvir, and YAK as top seeds for antiviral treatments with high potential to fight the SARS-CoV-2 strain specifically. Significance The availability of FDA-approved anti-RdRp drugs can help treat patients and reduce the danger of the mysterious new viral infection COVID-19. The drugs mentioned above can tightly bind to the RdRp of the SARS-CoV-2 strain and thus may be used to treat the disease. No toxicity measurements are required for these drugs since they were previously tested prior to their approval by the FDA.
JO  - Life Sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 117592-117592
SP  - 117592
EP  - 117592
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117592
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0024320520303404
NS  - 
N1  - Fatima Serhan (2020-03-27 00:19:20)(Screen): bioinformatic modelling; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The role of CT in case ascertainment and management of COVID-19 pneumonia in the UK: insights from high-incidence regions
AU  - Chua, Felix
AU  - Armstrong-James, Darius
AU  - Desai, Sujal R.
AU  - Barnett, Joseph
AU  - Kouranos, Vasileios
AU  - Kon, Onn Min
AU  - José, Ricardo
AU  - Vancheeswaran, Rama
AU  - Loebinger, Michael R.
AU  - Wong, Joyce
AU  - Cutino-Moguel, Maria Teresa
AU  - Morgan, Cliff
AU  - Ledot, Stephane
AU  - Lams, Boris
AU  - Yip, Wing Ho
AU  - Li, Leski
AU  - Lee, Ying Cheong
AU  - Draper, Adrian
AU  - Kho, Sze Shyang
AU  - Renzoni, Elisabetta
AU  - Ward, Katie
AU  - Periselneris, Jimstan
AU  - Grubnic, Sisa
AU  - Lipman, Marc
AU  - Wells, Athol U.
AU  - Devaraj, Anand
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Respiratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30132-6
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213260020301326
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The effect of control strategies to reduce social mixing on outcomes of the COVID-19 epidemic in Wuhan, China: a modelling study
AU  - Prem, Kiesha
AU  - Liu, Yang
AU  - Russell, Timothy W.
AU  - Kucharski, Adam J.
AU  - Eggo, Rosalind M.
AU  - Davies, Nicholas
AU  - Flasche, Stefan
AU  - Clifford, Samuel
AU  - Pearson, Carl A. B.
AU  - Munday, James D.
AU  - Abbott, Sam
AU  - Gibbs, Hamish
AU  - Rosello, Alicia
AU  - Quilty, Billy J.
AU  - Jombart, Thibaut
AU  - Sun, Fiona
AU  - Diamond, Charlie
AU  - Gimma, Amy
AU  - van Zandvoort, Kevin
AU  - Funk, Sebastian
AU  - Jarvis, Christopher I.
AU  - Edmunds, W. John
AU  - Bosse, Nikos I.
AU  - Hellewell, Joel
AU  - Jit, Mark
AU  - Klepac, Petra
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Summary Background In December, 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a novel coronavirus, emerged in Wuhan, China. Since then, the city of Wuhan has taken unprecedented measures in response to the outbreak, including extended school and workplace closures. We aimed to estimate the effects of physical distancing measures on the progression of the COVID-19 epidemic, hoping to provide some insights for the rest of the world. Methods To examine how changes in population mixing have affected outbreak progression in Wuhan, we used synthetic location-specific contact patterns in Wuhan and adapted these in the presence of school closures, extended workplace closures, and a reduction in mixing in the general community. Using these matrices and the latest estimates of the epidemiological parameters of the Wuhan outbreak, we simulated the ongoing trajectory of an outbreak in Wuhan using an age-structured susceptible-exposed-infected-removed (SEIR) model for several physical distancing measures. We fitted the latest estimates of epidemic parameters from a transmission model to data on local and internationally exported cases from Wuhan in an age-structured epidemic framework and investigated the age distribution of cases. We also simulated lifting of the control measures by allowing people to return to work in a phased-in way and looked at the effects of returning to work at different stages of the underlying outbreak (at the beginning of March or April). Findings Our projections show that physical distancing measures were most effective if the staggered return to work was at the beginning of April; this reduced the median number of infections by more than 92% (IQR 66–97) and 24% (13–90) in mid-2020 and end-2020, respectively. There are benefits to sustaining these measures until April in terms of delaying and reducing the height of the peak, median epidemic size at end-2020, and affording health-care systems more time to expand and respond. However, the modelled effects of physical distancing measures vary by the duration of infectiousness and the role school children have in the epidemic. Interpretation Restrictions on activities in Wuhan, if maintained until April, would probably help to delay the epidemic peak. Our projections suggest that premature and sudden lifting of interventions could lead to an earlier secondary peak, which could be flattened by relaxing the interventions gradually. However, there are limitations to our analysis, including large uncertainties around estimates of R0 and the duration of infectiousness. Funding Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, National Institute for Health Research, Wellcome Trust, and Health Data Research UK.
JO  - The Lancet Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30073-6
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468266720300736
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: extending or relaxing distancing control measures
AU  - Colbourn, Tim
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30072-4
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468266720300724
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Italian health system and the COVID-19 challenge
AU  - Armocida, Benedetta
AU  - Formenti, Beatrice
AU  - Ussai, Silvia
AU  - Palestra, Francesca
AU  - Missoni, Eduardo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30074-8
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468266720300748
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The official French guidelines to protect patients with cancer against SARS-CoV-2 infection
AU  - You, Benoit
AU  - Ravaud, Alain
AU  - Canivet, Anne
AU  - Ganem, Gérard
AU  - Giraud, Philippe
AU  - Guimbaud, Rosine
AU  - Kaluzinski, Laure
AU  - Krakowski, Ivan
AU  - Mayeur, Didier
AU  - Grellety, Thomas
AU  - Lotz, Jean-Pierre
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30204-7
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470204520302047
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Challenges posed by COVID-19 to children with cancer
AU  - Kotecha, Rishi S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30205-9
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470204520302059
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical and epidemiological features of 36 children with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Zhejiang, China: an observational cohort study
AU  - Qiu, Haiyan
AU  - Wu, Junhua
AU  - Hong, Liang
AU  - Luo, Yunling
AU  - Song, Qifa
AU  - Chen, Dong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Summary Background Since December, 2019, an outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread globally. Little is known about the epidemiological and clinical features of paediatric patients with COVID-19. Methods We retrospectively retrieved data for paediatric patients (aged 0–16 years) with confirmed COVID-19 from electronic medical records in three hospitals in Zhejiang, China. We recorded patients' epidemiological and clinical features. Findings From Jan 17 to March 1, 2020, 36 children (mean age 8·3 [SD 3·5] years) were identified to be infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. The route of transmission was by close contact with family members (32 [89%]) or a history of exposure to the epidemic area (12 [33%]); eight (22%) patients had both exposures. 19 (53%) patients had moderate clinical type with pneumonia; 17 (47%) had mild clinical type and either were asymptomatic (ten [28%]) or had acute upper respiratory symptoms (seven [19%]). Common symptoms on admission were fever (13 [36%]) and dry cough (seven [19%]). Of those with fever, four (11%) had a body temperature of 38·5°C or higher, and nine (25%) had a body temperature of 37·5–38·5°C. Typical abnormal laboratory findings were elevated creatine kinase MB (11 [31%]), decreased lymphocytes (11 [31%]), leucopenia (seven [19%]), and elevated procalcitonin (six [17%]). Besides radiographic presentations, variables that were associated significantly with severity of COVID-19 were decreased lymphocytes, elevated body temperature, and high levels of procalcitonin, D-dimer, and creatine kinase MB. All children received interferon alfa by aerosolisation twice a day, 14 (39%) received lopinavir–ritonavir syrup twice a day, and six (17%) needed oxygen inhalation. Mean time in hospital was 14 (SD 3) days. By Feb 28, 2020, all patients were cured. Interpretation Although all paediatric patients in our cohort had mild or moderate type of COVID-19, the large proportion of asymptomatic children indicates the difficulty in identifying paediatric patients who do not have clear epidemiological information, leading to a dangerous situation in community-acquired infections. Funding Ningbo Clinical Research Center for Children's Health and Diseases, Ningbo Reproductive Medicine Centre, and Key Scientific and Technological Innovation Projects of Wenzhou.
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30198-5
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1473309920301985
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in children: the link in the transmission chain
AU  - Kelvin, Alyson A.
AU  - Halperin, Scott
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30236-X
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S147330992030236X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Viral screening before initiation of biologics in patients with inflammatory bowel disease during the COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Zingone, Fabiana
AU  - Savarino, Edoardo Vincenzo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-1253(20)30085-6
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468125320300856
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Parenting in a time of COVID-19
AU  - Cluver, Lucie
AU  - Lachman, Jamie M.
AU  - Sherr, Lorraine
AU  - Wessels, Inge
AU  - Krug, Etienne
AU  - Rakotomalala, Sabine
AU  - Blight, Stephen
AU  - Hillis, Susan
AU  - Bachman, Gretchen
AU  - Green, Ohad
AU  - Butchart, Alex
AU  - Tomlinson, Mark
AU  - Ward, Catherine L.
AU  - Doubt, Jennifer
AU  - McDonald, Kerida
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30736-4
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673620307364
NS  - 
N1  - Qingxia Zhong (2020-04-14 23:06:23)(Included): correction added: 48062; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - CORONAVIRUS EPIDEMIC OUTBREAK IN EUROPE. COMPARISON WITH THE DYNAMICS IN MAINLAND CHINA
AU  - Nesteruk, Igor G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - KPI Science News
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 0
IS  - 1
PG  - 15-17
SP  - 15
EP  - 17
AN  - 
DO  - 10.20535/kpi-sn.2020.1.198043
UR  - http://scinews.kpi.ua/article/view/198043
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - ISTH interim guidance on recognition and management of coagulopathy in COVID-19
AU  - Thachil, Jecko
AU  - Tang, Ning
AU  - Gando, Satoshi
AU  - Falanga, Anna
AU  - Cattaneo, Marco
AU  - Levi, Marcel
AU  - Clark, Cary
AU  - Iba, Toshiaki
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract The novel corona virus infection (now classified as COVID-19), first identified in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, has contributed to significant mortality in several countries with the number of infected cases increasing exponentially worldwide.1 The majority of the most severely ill patients initially present with single organ failure (i.e. respiratory insufficiency) but some of them progress to more systemic disease and multiple organ dysfunction. One of the most significant poor prognostic features in those patients is the development of coagulopathy.2 In patients who develop sepsis from various infectious agents, development of coagulopathy is one of the key and persistent features which is associated with poor outcomes.3 In this context, the role of International Society of Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH) would be crucial in guiding health care professionals how to manage the coagulopathy of COVID-19. A simple and easily follow-able algorithm for the management of COVID-19 coagulopathy would currently be useful in both the well-resourced and less-resourced settings as a guide in managing this complication. This pragmatic statement should clearly be considered as an interim guidance since the clinical experience of managing this pandemic is increasing. The authors are certain that this statement will be modified with developing knowledge and therapeutics in managing COVID-19. The aim of this guidance document is to provide a risk stratification at admission for a COVID-19 patient and management of coagulopathy which may develop in some of these patients, based on easily available laboratory parameters.
JO  - Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jth.14810
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jth.14810
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Guidance for the management of myasthenia gravis (MG) and Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS) during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Jacob, S.
AU  - Muppidi, S.
AU  - Guidon, A.
AU  - Guptill, J.
AU  - Hehir, M.
AU  - Howard, J. F.
AU  - Illa, I.
AU  - Mantegazza, R.
AU  - Murai, H.
AU  - Utsugisawa, K.
AU  - Vissing, J.
AU  - Wiendl, H.
AU  - Nowak, R. J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the Neurological Sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 116803-116803
SP  - 116803
EP  - 116803
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2020.116803
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022510X20301398
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Initial rapid and proactive response for the COVID-19 outbreak — Taiwan's experience
AU  - Cheng, Hao-Yuan
AU  - Li, Shu-Ying
AU  - Yang, Chin-Hui
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the Formosan Medical Association
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfma.2020.03.007
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0929664620300814
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Geriatrics and Long-term Care: The ABCDs of COVID-19
AU  - D'Adamo, Heather
AU  - Yoshikawa, Thomas
AU  - Ouslander, Joseph G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - ABSTRACT The pandemic of coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) has global impact unseen since the 1918 worldwide influenza epidemic. All aspects of life have changed dramatically for now. The group most susceptible to COVID-19 are older adults and those with chronic underlying chronic medical disorders. The population residing in long-term care facilities generally are those who are both old and suffering from multiple comorbidities. In this article we provide information, insights, and recommended approaches to COVID-19 in the long-term facility setting. Since the situation is fluid and changing rapidly, readers are encouraged to access the resources cited in this article frequently. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jgs.16445
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.16445
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Computed Tomography Findings: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
AU  - Bao, Cuiping
AU  - Liu, Xuehuan
AU  - Zhang, Han
AU  - Li, Yiming
AU  - Liu, Jun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Purpose To date, there remain considerable knowledge gaps regarding the chest CT imaging features of COVID-19. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to quantitatively summarize results from published studies to date to provide a summary of evidence on detection of COVID-19 by chest CT and the expected CT imaging manifestations. Methods Studies were identiﬁed by searching PubMed database for articles published December 2019 – February 2020. Pooled CT positive rate of COVID-19 and pooled incidence of CT imaging findings were estimated using a random-effect model. Results A total of 13 studies met inclusion criteria. The pooled positive rate of the CT imaging was 89.76% and 90.35% when only including thin-section chest CT. Typical CT signs were ground glass opacities (GGO) (83.31%), GGO with mixed consolidation (58.42%), adjacent pleura thickening (52.46%), interlobular septal thickening (48.46%), and air bronchograms (46.46%). Other CT signs included crazy paving pattern (14.81%), pleural effusion (5.88%), bronchiectasis (5.42%), pericardial effusion (4.55%) and lymphadenopathy (3.38%). The most anatomic distributions were bilateral lung infection (78.2%) and peripheral distribution (76.95%). The incidences were highest in the right lower lobe (87.21%), left lower lobe (81.41%), and bilateral lower lobes (65.22%). The right upper lobe (65.22%), right middle lobe (54.95%) and left upper lobe (69.43%) were also commonly involved. The incidence of bilateral upper lobes was 60.87%. A considerable proportion of patients had 3 or more lobes involved (70.81%). Conclusions The detection of COVID-19 chest CT imaging is very high among symptomatic individuals at high risk, especially using thin-section chest CT. The most common CT features in patients affected by COVID-19 included GGO and consolidation involving the bilateral lungs in a peripheral distribution.
JO  - Journal of the American College of Radiology
PB  - 
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AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacr.2020.03.006
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1546144020302623
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in Seattle – Early Lessons Learned
AU  - Miller, Gregg A.
AU  - Buck, Cameron R.
AU  - Kang, Christopher S.
AU  - Aviles, Jennifer M.
AU  - Younggren, Bradley N.
AU  - Osborn, Scott
AU  - Keay, Catharine R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - ABSTRACT The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has rapidly evolved and now dominates the attention and full efforts of the emergency medicine community, both domestic and abroad. Seattle is the site of the initial diagnosed COVID-19 cases and fatalities in the United States. We provide an overview of the system level response of six Seattle emergency departments and the Washington state chapter of the American College of Emergency Physicians (ACEP) to the COVID-19 pandemic. Local efforts involved the spectrum of emergency response including on- and off-site triage strategies; an approach to personal protective equipment; testing and reporting protocols; early treatments; communication strategies; the impact on front-line providers; and ongoing work. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
JO  - Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians Open
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/emp2.12064
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/emp2.12064
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pragmatic Recommendations for Intubating Critically Ill Patients with Suspected COVID-19
AU  - Brown Iii, Calvin A.
AU  - Mosier, Jarrod M.
AU  - Carlson, Jestin N.
AU  - Gibbs, Michael A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians Open
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/emp2.12063
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/emp2.12063
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: opportunity arises from a world health crisis
AU  - Bonate, Peter L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s10928-020-09681-5
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10928-020-09681-5
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Duration of serum neutralizing antibodies for SARS-CoV-2: lessons from SARS-CoV infection
AU  - Lin, Qingqing
AU  - Zhu, Li
AU  - Ni, Zuowei
AU  - Meng, Haitao
AU  - You, Liangshun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2020.03.015
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S168411822030075X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 may transmit through aerosol
AU  - Wang, Juan
AU  - Du, Guoqiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Irish Journal of Medical Science (1971 -)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11845-020-02218-2
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11845-020-02218-2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Could Intravenous Immunoglobulin Collected from Recovered Coronavirus Patients Protect against COVID-19 and Strengthen the Immune System of New Patients?
AU  - Jawhara, Samir
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The emergence of the novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China, which causes severe respiratory tract infections in humans (COVID-19), has become a global health concern. Most coronaviruses infect animals but can evolve into strains that cross the species barrier and infect humans. At the present, there is no single specific vaccine or efficient antiviral therapy against COVID-19. Recently, we showed that intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) treatment reduces inflammation of intestinal epithelial cells and eliminates overgrowth of the opportunistic human fungal pathogen Candida albicans in the murine gut. Immunotherapy with IVIg could be employed to neutralize COVID-19. However, the efficacy of IVIg would be better if the immune IgG antibodies were collected from patients who have recovered from COVID-19 in the same city, or the surrounding area, in order to increase the chance of neutralizing the virus. These immune IgG antibodies will be specific against COVID-19 by boosting the immune response in newly infected patients. Different procedures may be used to remove or inactivate any possible pathogens from the plasma of recovered coronavirus patient derived immune IgG, including solvent/detergent, 60 &deg;C heat-treatment, and nanofiltration. Overall, immunotherapy with immune IgG antibodies combined with antiviral drugs may be an alternative treatment against COVID-19 until stronger options such as vaccines are available.
JO  - International Journal of Molecular Sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 21
IS  - 7
PG  - 2272
SP  - 2272
EP  - 
AN  - doi:10.3390/ijms21072272
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/7/2272
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Why is it difficult to accurately predict the COVID-19 epidemic?
AU  - Roda, Weston C.
AU  - Varughese, Marie B.
AU  - Han, Donglin
AU  - Li, Michael Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since the COVID-19 outbreak in Wuhan City in December of 2019, numerous model predictions on the COVID-19 epidemics in Wuhan and other parts of China have been reported. These model predictions have shown a wide range of variations. In our study, we demonstrate that nonidentifiability in model calibrations using the confirmed-case data is the main reason for such wide variations. Using the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) for model selection, we show that an SIR model performs much better than an SEIR model in representing the information contained in the confirmed-case data. This indicates that predictions using more complex models may not be more reliable compared to using a simpler model. We present our model predictions for the COVID-19 epidemic in Wuhan after the lockdown and quarantine of the city on January 23, 2020. We also report our results of modeling the impacts of the strict quarantine measures undertaken in the city after February 7 on the time course of the epidemic, and modeling the potential of a second outbreak after the return-to-work in the city.
JO  - Infectious Disease Modelling
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idm.2020.03.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468042720300075
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Infection Unmasking Brugada Syndrome
AU  - Chang, David
AU  - Saleh, Moussa
AU  - Garcia-Bengo, Youssef
AU  - Choi, Evan
AU  - Epstein, Laurence
AU  - Willner, Jonathan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - HeartRhythm Case Reports
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrcr.2020.03.012
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214027120300531
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recommandations pour la prise en charge chirurgicale des cancers gynécologiques en période de pandémie COVID-19 - Groupe FRANCOGYN pour le CNGOF
AU  - Vincent, Lavoue
AU  - Cherif, Akladios
AU  - Henri, Azais
AU  - Marcos, Ballester
AU  - Sofiane, Bendifallah
AU  - Pierre-Adrien, Bolze
AU  - Nicolas, Bourdel
AU  - Alexandre, Bricou
AU  - Geoffroy, Canlorbe
AU  - Xavier, Carcopino
AU  - Pauline, Chauvet
AU  - Pierre, Collinet
AU  - Charles, Coutant
AU  - Yohann, Dabi
AU  - Ludivine, Dion
AU  - Tristan, Gauthier
AU  - Olivier, Graesslin
AU  - Cyrille, Huchon
AU  - Martin, Koskas
AU  - Frederic, Kridelka
AU  - Lise, Lecointre
AU  - Matthieu, Mezzadri
AU  - Camille, Mimoun
AU  - Lobna, Ouldamer
AU  - Emilie, Raimond
AU  - Cyril, Touboul
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Résumé Introduction: proposer des recommandations de prise en charge des patientes atteintes de cancer gynécologique dans la période de pandémie du COVID-19. Matériel et méthode: recommandations sur le modèle des conférences de consensus. Résultats: En cas de patiente positive COVID-19, il convient de différer la prise en charge chirurgicale d’au moins 15 jours. Pour le cancer du col, la place de la chirurgie doit être ré-évaluée par rapport à la radiothérapie et la Radio-Chimiothérapie-Concomitante et l’intérêt des chirurgies de stadification ganglionnaire doit être revu au cas par cas. Pour les cancers de l’ovaire de stade avancé, il convient de privilégier la chimiothérapie néo-adjuvante même si la chirurgie de cytoréduction première pourrait être envisageable. Il est licite de ne pas proposer la chimiothérapie hyperthermique intra-péritonéale en période de pandémie COVID-19. Pour les cas des patientes qui doivent bénéficier d’une chirurgie d’intervalle, il est possible de poursuivre la chimiothérapie et de proposer une chirurgie de clôture après 6 cycles de chimiothérapie. Pour le cancer de l'endomètre de stade précoce, en cas de risque ESMO pré opératoire faible et intermédiaire, il faut privilégier une hystérectomie totale avec annexectomie bilatérale associée à une procédure du ganglion sentinelle. Il est licite d’envisager le report de 1 à 2 mois de la chirurgie dans les cancers de l’endomètre de bas risque (stade FIGO Ia sur l’IRM et cancer endométrioïde de grade 1-2 sur la biopsie endométriale). Pour les risques ESMO élevés, il semble légitime de privilégier l'algorithme du MSKCC (associant TEP TDM et procédure du GS) afin d'omettre les lympahdénectomies pelviennes et lombo-aortiques. Conclusion: En période de pandémie COVID-19, il convient de ne pas faire perdre de chance aux patientes atteintes de cancer, tout en limitant les risques liés au virus. Summary Introduction: recommendations for the management of patients with gynecological cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic period. Material and method: recommendations based on the consensus conference model. Results: In the case of a COVID-19 positive patient, surgical management should be postponed for at least 15 days. For cervical cancer, the place of surgery must be re-evaluated in relation to radiotherapy and Radio-Chemotherapy-Concomitant and the value of lymph node staging surgeries must be reviewed on a case-by-case basis. For advanced ovarian cancers, neo-adjuvant chemotherapy should be favored even if primary cytoreduction surgery could be envisaged. It is lawful not to offer hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy during a COVID-19 pandemic. In the case of patients who must undergo interval surgery, it is possible to continue the chemotherapy and to offer surgery after 6 cycles of chemotherapy. For early stage endometrial cancer, in case of low and intermediate preoperative ESMO risk, hysterectomy with bilateral annexectomy associated with a sentinel lymph node procedure should be favored. It is possible to consider postponing surgery for 1 to 2 months in low-risk endometrial cancers (FIGO Ia stage on MRI and grade 1-2 endometrioid cancer on endometrial biopsy). For high ESMO risk, it ispossible to favor the MSKCC algorithm (combining PET-CT and sentinel lymph node biopsy) in order to omit pelvic and lumbar-aortic lymphadenectomies. Conclusion: During COVID-19 pandemic, patients suffering from cancer should not lose life chance, while limiting the risks associated with the virus.
JO  - Gynécologie Obstétrique Fertilité & Sénologie 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gofs.2020.03.017
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468718920301306
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 pandemic: triage for intensive-care treatment under resource scarcity
AU  - Sciences, Swiss Academy Of Medical
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Swiss medical weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 150
IS  - 
PG  - w20229-w20229
SP  - w20229
EP  - w20229
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4414/smw.2020.20229
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recommendations for the admission of patients with COVID-19 to intensive care and intermediate care units (ICUs and IMCUs)
AU  - Medicine, Swiss Society Of Intensive Care
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Swiss medical weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 150
IS  - 
PG  - w20227-w20227
SP  - w20227
EP  - w20227
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4414/smw.2020.20227
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 pandemic: palliative care for elderly and frail patients at home and in residential and nursing homes
AU  - Kunz, Roland
AU  - Minder, Markus
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Swiss medical weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 150
IS  - 
PG  - w20235-w20235
SP  - w20235
EP  - w20235
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4414/smw.2020.20235
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: decision making and palliative care
AU  - Borasio, Gian Domenico
AU  - Gamondi, Claudia
AU  - Obrist, Monika
AU  - Jox, Ralf
AU  - Ch, For The Covid-Task Force Of Palliative
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Due to the current development around the COVID-19 pandemic, palliative ch has created a Task Force to provide recommendations for health professionals on the treatment of palliative care patients in the various settings ‒ inpatient and outpatient.
JO  - Swiss medical weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 150
IS  - 
PG  - w20233-w20233
SP  - w20233
EP  - w20233
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4414/smw.2020.20233
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Emergence of SARS-CoV-2 and its outlook
AU  - Yamayoshi, Seiya
AU  - Kawaoka, Yoshihiro
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was first reported at the end of 2019 in China. By the end of February 2020, the virus has spread worldwide through continuous human-to-human transmission via contact and droplet infection, demonstrating the ease with which emerging viruses disperse globally through the mass transport system. Here, we summarize our knowledge of other coronaviruses that have infected humans in comparison with SARS-CoV-2
JO  - Global Health & Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 2
IS  - 1
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.35772/ghm.2020.01009
UR  - https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/ghm/2/1/2_2020.01009/_article
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Protecting healthcare personnel from 2019-nCoV infection risks: lessons and suggestions
AU  - Zhang, Zhiruo
AU  - Liu, Shelan
AU  - Xiang, Mi
AU  - Li, Shijian
AU  - Zhao, Dahai
AU  - Huang, Chaolin
AU  - Chen, Saijuan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of a novel Coronavirus disease (COVID-19, caused by the 2019-nCoV infection) in December 2019 is one of the most severe public health emergencies since the founding of People’s Republic of China in 1949. Healthcare personnel (HCP) nationwide are facing heavy workloads and high risk of infection, especially those who care for patients at the epicenter of the outbreak, Hubei Province. Sadly, as of February 20, 2020, over two thousand COVID-19 cases are confirmed among HCP from 476 hospitals nationwide, with nearly 90% of them from Hubei Province. Based on literature search and interviews with some HCP working at Wuhan, capital city of Hubei, we have summarized some of the effective measures taken to reduce infection among HCP, and also made suggestions for improving occupational safety during an infectious disease outbreak. The experience and lessons learned should be a valuable asset for international health community to contain the ongoing COVID-19 epidemic around the world.
JO  - Frontiers of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11684-020-0765-x
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11684-020-0765-x
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 containment: China provides important lessons for global response
AU  - Zhang, Shuxian
AU  - Wang, Zezhou
AU  - Chang, Ruijie
AU  - Wang, Huwen
AU  - Xu, Chen
AU  - Yu, Xiaoyue
AU  - Tsamlag, Lhakpa
AU  - Dong, Yinqiao
AU  - Wang, Hui
AU  - Cai, Yong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The world must act fast to contain wider international spread of the epidemic of COVID-19 now. The unprecedented public health efforts in China have contained the spread of this new virus. Measures taken in China are currently proven to reduce human-to-human transmission successfully. We summarized the effective intervention and prevention measures in the fields of public health response, clinical management, and research development in China, which may provide vital lessons for the global response. It is really important to take collaborative actions now to save more lives from the pandemic of COVID-19.
JO  - Frontiers of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-5
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11684-020-0766-9
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11684-020-0766-9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - High-resolution CT features of 17 cases of Corona Virus Disease 2019 in Sichuan province, China
AU  - Zhang, S.
AU  - Li, H.
AU  - Huang, S.
AU  - You, W.
AU  - Sun, H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The European respiratory journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.00334-2020
UR  - http://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&PAGE=reference&D=emexb&NEWS=N&AN=631208550
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - CT image visual quantitative evaluation and clinical classification of coronavirus disease (COVID-19)
AU  - Li, Kunwei
AU  - Fang, Yijie
AU  - Li, Wenjuan
AU  - Pan, Cunxue
AU  - Qin, Peixin
AU  - Zhong, Yinghua
AU  - Liu, Xueguo
AU  - Huang, Mingqian
AU  - Liao, Yuting
AU  - Li, Shaolin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - To explore the relationship between the imaging manifestations and clinical classification of COVID-19. We conducted a retrospective single-center study on patients with COVID-19 from Jan. 18, 2020 to Feb. 7, 2020 in Zhuhai, China. Patients were divided into 3 types based on Chinese guideline: mild (patients with minimal symptoms and negative CT findings), common, and severe-critical (patients with positive CT findings and different extent of clinical manifestations). CT visual quantitative evaluation was based on summing up the acute lung inflammatory lesions involving each lobe, which was scored as 0 (0%), 1 (1–25%), 2 (26–50%), 3 (51–75%), or 4 (76–100%), respectively. The total severity score (TSS) was reached by summing the five lobe scores. The consistency of two observers was evaluated. The TSS was compared with the clinical classification. ROC was used to test the diagnosis ability of TSS for severe-critical type. This study included 78 patients, 38 males and 40 females. There were 24 mild (30.8%), 46 common (59.0%), and 8 severe-critical (10.2%) cases, respectively. The median TSS of severe-critical-type group was significantly higher than common type (p < 0.001). The ICC value of the two observers was 0.976 (95% CI 0.962–0.985). ROC analysis showed the area under the curve (AUC) of TSS for diagnosing severe-critical type was 0.918. The TSS cutoff of 7.5 had 82.6% sensitivity and 100% specificity. The proportion of clinical mild-type patients with COVID-19 was relatively high; CT was not suitable for independent screening tool. The CT visual quantitative analysis has high consistency and can reflect the clinical classification of COVID-19. • CT visual quantitative evaluation has high consistency (ICC value of 0.976) among the observers. The median TSS of severe-critical type group was significantly higher than common type (p < 0.001). • ROC analysis showed the area under the curve (AUC) of TSS for diagnosing severe-critical type was 0.918 (95% CI 0.843–0.994). The TSS cutoff of 7.5 had 82.6% sensitivity and 100% specificity. • The proportion of confirmed COVID-19 patients with normal chest CT was relatively high (30.8%); CT was not a suitable screening modality
JO  - European Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-10
SP  - 1
EP  - 10
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00330-020-06817-6
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00330-020-06817-6
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Diagnosis of the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): rRT-PCR or CT?
AU  - Long, Chunqin
AU  - Xu, Huaxiang
AU  - Shen, Qinglin
AU  - Zhang, Xianghai
AU  - Fan, Bing
AU  - Wang, Chuanhong
AU  - Zeng, Bingliang
AU  - Li, Zicong
AU  - Li, Xiaofen
AU  - Li, Honglu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Purpose To evaluate the diagnostic value of computed tomography (CT) and real-time reverse-transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) for COVID-19 pneumonia. Methods This retrospective study included all patients with COVID-19 pneumonia suspicion, who were examined by both CT and rRT-PCR at initial presentation. The sensitivities of both tests were then compared. For patients with a final confirmed diagnosis, clinical and laboratory data, in addition to CT imaging findings were evaluated. Results A total of 36 patients were finally diagnosed with COVID-19 pneumonia. Thirty-five patients had abnormal CT findings at presentation, whereas one patient had a normal CT. Using rRT-PCR, 30 patients were tested positive, with 6 cases initially missed. Amongst these 6 patients, 3 became positive in the second rRT-PCR assay(after 2 days, 2 days and 3 days respectively), and the other 3 became positive only in the third round of rRT-PCR tests(after 5 days, 6 days and 8 days respectively). At presentation, CT sensitivity was therefore 97.2%, whereas the sensitivity of initial rRT-PCR was only 83.3%. Conclusion rRT-PCR may produce initial false negative results. We suggest that patients with typical CT findings but negative rRT-PCR results should be isolated, and rRT-PCR should be repeated to avoid misdiagnosis.
JO  - European Journal of Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 108961-108961
SP  - 108961
EP  - 108961
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrad.2020.108961
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0720048X20301509
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel 2019 coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19): An updated overview for emergency clinicians
AU  - Giwa, A. L.
AU  - Desai, A.
AU  - Duca, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus, COVID-19, has quickly become a worldwide threat to health, travel, and commerce. This overview analyzes the best information from the early research, including epidemiologic and demographic features from SARS-CoV-1 and MERS-CoV viruses; lessons learned from the experience of an emergency physician in Northern Italy, where the outbreak has devastated the healthcare system; evidence on transmission and prevention through safe use of PPE; evidence and advice on SARS-CoV-2 testing and co-infection; management options; airway management options; steps for rapid sequence intubation in the ED and managing disaster ventilation; and information on managing pediatric and pregnant patients.
JO  - Emergency medicine practice
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 22
IS  - 5
PG  - 1-28
SP  - 1
EP  - 28
AN  - 32207910
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Regulating wildlife conservation and food safety to prevent human exposure to novel virus
AU  - Yuan, Jingjing
AU  - Lu, Yonglong
AU  - Cao, Xianghui
AU  - Cui, Haotian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Ecosystem Health and Sustainability
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 0
IS  - 0
PG  - 1741325-1741325
SP  - 1741325
EP  - 1741325
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/20964129.2020.1741325
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Facts and reflections on COVID-19 and anti-hypertensives drugs
AU  - Marin, Gustavo H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Based on some publications that associate SARS-CoV-2 infection with the use of anti-hypertensive drug groups such as angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors (e.g. enalapril) or angiotensin II receptor blockers (e.g. losartan), many patients from South America, Central America or Spain, have stopped or intend to interrupt their treatments with these drugs. Hence, it may exist ominous consequences due to this drop out. For this reason, it is necessary to quickly warn about this situation and the risks associated with it.
JO  - Drug Discoveries & Therapeutics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 2020.01017-2020.01017
SP  - 2020.01017
EP  - 2020.01017
AN  - 
DO  - 10.5582/ddt.2020.01017
UR  - https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/ddt/advpub/0/advpub_2020.01017/_article
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Contentious Issues and Evolving Concepts in the Clinical Presentation and Management of Patients with COVID-19 Infectionwith Reference to Use of Therapeutic and Other Drugs used in Co-morbid Diseases (Hypertension, Diabetes etc)
AU  - Gupta, Ritesh
AU  - Misra, Anoop
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background and Aims Multiple issues in management of COVID have emerged, but confusion persists regarding rational interpretation. Aim of this brief review is to review these issues based on current literature. Methods This is a narrative review with Pubmed and Google Scholar search till 23 March 2020. Search terms were, COVID-19, treatment of coronavirus, COVID 19 and following terms; chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, ibuprofen, ACE-inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers, cardiovascular disease, diarrhoea, liver, testis and gastrointestinal disease. Results We discuss evidence regarding role of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine in treatment and prophylaxis, use of inhibitors of the renin angiotensin system, safety of ibuprofen, unusual clinical features like gastrointestinal symptoms and interpretation of tests for cardiac enzymes and biomarkers. Conclusions While our conclusions on management of COVID-19 patients with co-morbidities are based on current evidence, however, data is limited and there is immediate need for fast track research.
JO  - Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.03.012
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1871402120300527
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cardiovascular disease and COVID-19
AU  - Bansal, Manish
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background and aims Many patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have underlying cardiovascular (CV) disease or develop acute cardiac injury during the course of the illness. Adequate understanding of the interplay between COVID-19 and CV disease is required for optimum management of these patients. Methods A literature search was done using PubMed and Google search engines to prepare a narrative review on this topic. Results Respiratory illness is the dominant clinical manifestation of COVID-19; CV involvement occurs much less commonly. Acute cardiac injury, defined as significant elevation of cardiac troponins, is the most commonly reported cardiac abnormality in COVID-19. It occurs in approximately 8-12% of all patients. Direct myocardial injury due to viral involvement of cardiomyocytes and the effect of systemic inflammation appear to be the most common mechanisms responsible for cardiac injury. The information about other CV manifestations in COVID-19 is very limited at present. Nonetheless, it has been consistently shown that the presence of pre-existing CV disease and/or development of acute cardiac injury are associated with significantly worse outcome in these patients. Conclusions Most of the current reports on COVID-19 have only briefly described CV manifestations in these patients. Given the enormous burden posed by this illness and the significant adverse prognostic impact of cardiac involvement, further research is required to understand the incidence, mechanisms, clinical presentation and outcomes of various CV manifestations in COVID-19 patients.
JO  - Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.03.013
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1871402120300539
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - What protects? Fear of coronavirus infections moves hygienic measures to the fore
AU  - Kramer, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Deutsche Apotheker Zeitung
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 7
PG  - A77
SP  - A77
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.deutsche-apotheker-zeitung.de/daz-az/2020/daz-7-2020/was-schuetzt http://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&PAGE=reference&D=emexb&NEWS=N&AN=2005085414
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Title: The Emergency Medicine Facing the Challenge of Open Science
AU  - Sixto-Costoya, Andrea
AU  - Aleixandre-Benavent, Rafael
AU  - Lucas-Domínguez, Rut
AU  - Vidal-Infer, Antonio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - (1) Background: The availability of research datasets can strengthen and facilitate research processes. This is specifically relevant in the emergency medicine field due to the importance of providing immediate care in critical situations as the very current Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic is showing to the scientific community. This work aims to show which Emergency Medicine journals indexed in Journal Citation Reports (JCR) currently meet data sharing criteria. (2) Methods: This study analyzes the editorial policies regarding the data deposit of the journals in the emergency medicine category of the JCR and evaluates the Supplementary material of the articles published in these journals that have been deposited in the PubMed Central repository. (3) Results: It has been observed that 19 out of the 24 journals contained in the emergency medicine category of Journal Citation Reports are also located in PubMed Central (PMC), yielding a total of 5983 articles. Out of these, only 9.4% of the articles contain supplemental material. Although second quartile journals of JCR emergency medicine category have quantitatively more articles in PMC, the main journals involved in the deposit of supplemental material belong to the first quartile, of which the most used format in the articles is pdf, followed by text documents. (4) Conclusion: This study reveals that data sharing remains an incipient practice in the emergency medicine field, as there are still barriers between researchers to participate in data sharing. Therefore, it is necessary to promote dynamics to improve this practice both qualitatively (the quality and format of datasets) and quantitatively (the quantity of datasets in absolute terms) in research.
JO  - Data
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 5
IS  - 2
PG  - 28
SP  - 28
EP  - 
AN  - doi:10.3390/data5020028
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5729/5/2/28
NS  - 
N1  - Fatima Serhan (2020-03-27 00:43:31)(Screen): data sharing; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cyberpsychology research and COVID-19
AU  - Guitton, Matthieu J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Computers in Human Behavior
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 106357-106357
SP  - 106357
EP  - 106357
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2020.106357
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0747563220301102
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A UK-wide British Society of Thoracic Imaging COVID-19 imaging repository and database: design, rationale and implications for education and research
AU  - Hare, S. S.
AU  - Rodrigues, J. C. L.
AU  - Jacob, J.
AU  - Edey, A.
AU  - Devaraj, A.
AU  - Johnstone, A.
AU  - McStay, R.
AU  - Nair, A.
AU  - Robinson, G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crad.2020.03.005
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0009926020300891
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemiological and Clinical Predictors of COVID-19
AU  - Sun, Yinxiaohe
AU  - Koh, Vanessa
AU  - Marimuthu, Kalisvar
AU  - Ng, Oon Tek
AU  - Young, Barnaby
AU  - Vasoo, Shawn
AU  - Chan, Monica
AU  - Lee, Vernon J. M.
AU  - De, Partha P.
AU  - Barkham, Timothy
AU  - Lin, Raymond T. P.
AU  - Cook, Alex R.
AU  - Leo, Yee Sin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background Rapid identification of COVID-19 cases, which is crucial to outbreak containment efforts, is challenging due to the lack of pathognomonic symptoms and in settings with limited capacity for specialized nucleic acid-based reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing. Methods This retrospective case-control study involves subjects (7 to 98 years) presenting at the designated national outbreak screening centre and tertiary care hospital in Singapore for SARS-CoV-2 testing from January 26 to February 16, 2020. COVID-19 status was confirmed by PCR testing of sputum, nasopharyngeal swabs or throat swabs. Demographic, clinical, laboratory and exposure-risk variables ascertainable at presentation were analyzed to develop an algorithm for estimating the risk of COVID-19. Model development used Akaike’s information criterion in a stepwise fashion to build logistic regression models, which were then translated into prediction scores. Performance was measured using receiver operating characteristics curves, adjusting for over-confidence using leave-out-one cross validation. Results The study population included 788 subjects, of whom 54 (6.9%) were SARS-CoV-2 positive and 734 (93.1%) were SARS-CoV-2 negative. The median age was 34 years and 407 (51.7%) were female. Using leave-out-one cross validation, all the models incorporating clinical tests (Models 1, 2 and 3) performed well with areas under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) of 0.91, 0.88 and 0.88 respectively. In comparison, Model 4 had an AUC of 0.65. Conclusions Rapidly ascertainable clinical and laboratory data could identify individuals at high risk of COVID-19 and enable prioritization of PCR-testing and containment efforts. Basic laboratory test results were crucial to prediction models.
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa322
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa322/5811426
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Analysis of Epidemiological and Clinical features in older patients with Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) out of Wuhan
AU  - Lian, Jiangshan
AU  - Jin, Xi
AU  - Hao, Shaorui
AU  - Cai, Huan
AU  - Zhang, Shanyan
AU  - Zheng, Lin
AU  - Jia, Hongyu
AU  - Hu, Jianhua
AU  - Gao, Jianguo
AU  - Zhang, Yimin
AU  - Zhang, Xiaoli
AU  - Yu, Guodong
AU  - Wang, Xiaoyan
AU  - Gu, Jueqing
AU  - Ye, Chanyuan
AU  - jin, Ciliang
AU  - Lu, Yingfeng
AU  - Yu, Xia
AU  - Yu, Xiaopeng
AU  - Ren, Yue
AU  - Qiu, Yunqing
AU  - Li, Lanjuan
AU  - Sheng, Jifang
AU  - Yang, Yida
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background The outbreak of COVID-19 has become a big threat to China, with high contagious capacity and varied mortality. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of older patients with COVID-19 out of Wuhan. Methods A retrospective study was performed, with collecting data from medical records of confirmed COVID-19 patients in Zhejiang province from Jan 17 to Feb 12, 2020. Epidemiological, clinical and treatment data were analyzed between those older (≥60y) and younger (<60y) patients. Results Total 788 patients with confirmed COVID-19 were selected, where 136 were older patients with corresponding age of 68.28y±7.314y. There was a significantly higher frequency of women in the older patients compared with the younger patients (57.35% vs 46.47%, P=0.021). The presence of coexisting medical condition was significantly higher in older patients compared with younger patients (55.15% vs 21.93%, P<0.001), including the rate of hypertension, diabetes, heart diseases and COPD. Significantly higher rates of severe (older vs younger groups: 16.18% vs 5.98%, P<0.001)/critical (8.82% vs 0.77%, P<0.001) type, shortness of breath (12.50% vs 3.07%, P<0.001) and high temperature of >39.0℃ (13.97% vs 7.21%, P=0.010) were observed in older patients compared with younger patients. Finally, Higher rates of ICU admission (9.56% vs 1.38%, P<0.001) and methylprednisolone application (28.68% vs 9.36%, P<0.001) were also identified in older patients. Conclusions The specific epidemiological and clinical features of older COVID-19 patients included significantly higher female gender, body temperature, co-existing of basic diseases and rate of severe and critical type.
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa242
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa242/5811557
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The first locally acquired novel case of 2019-nCoV infection in a healthcare worker in the Paris area
AU  - Klement, Elise
AU  - Godefroy, Nagisa
AU  - Burrel, Sonia
AU  - Kornblum, Dimitri
AU  - Monsel, Gentiane
AU  - Bleibtreu, Alexandre
AU  - Marcelin, Anne-Geneviève
AU  - Calvez, Vincent
AU  - Caumes, Eric
AU  - Boutolleau, David
AU  - Pourcher, Valérie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com. The first locally acquired novel case of 2019-nCoV infection in a healthcare worker in the Paris area Elise Klement1 , Nagisa Godefroy1 , Sonia Burrel2 , Dimitri Kornblum1 , Gentiane Monsel1 , Alexandre Bleibtreu1 , Anne-Geneviève Marcelin2 , Vincent Calvez2 , Eric Caumes 1,3, David Boutolleau2 , Valérie Pourcher 1,3 1Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Pitié-Salpêtrière Charles Foix, Service de Maladies infectieuses et Tropicales, Paris, France. 2Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d’Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa171
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa171/5811445
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Could chloroquine /hydroxychloroquine be harmful in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) treatment?
AU  - Guastalegname, Maurizio
AU  - Vallone, Alfredo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - TO THE EDITOR - We read with great interest the article by Yao X et al [1] reporting in vitro activity of Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) in inhibiting severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS -CoV) -2. The authors suggest , on in -vitro experiment results base , an alternative HCQ dose regimen for future clinical trials while several clinical trials on chloroquine (CQ) and HCQ based regimen for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID -19) are still ongoing [1]. Taking into account the antiviral in vitro effect, CQ has been considered as valuable candidate, alone or in combination with Lopinavir, for further testing in animal models or direct off -label use for Coronavirus -related diseases [2]. Unfortunately CQ did not show efficacy in inhibiting viral replication in a mouse SARS -CoV model [3]. Nevertheless, by considering its anti -inflammatory properties, it has been postulated that CQ/HCQ may have some effect on SARS [3, 4], in particular by inhibiting the production of pro -inflammatory cytokines (TNF α, IL6 ) and consequently blocking the subsequent cascade of events which lead to ARDS [4]. Due to the aforementioned evidences, the negligible cost, the large worldwide use and the know safety profile, CQ/HCQ has been considered as a potential useful drug in patients affected by SARS - CoV -2 [1, 5 - 6 ] Despite in vitro activity in inhibiting the growth of several viruses, to date, no acute virus infection has been successfully treated by Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article-abstract/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa321/5811416 by guest on 26 March 2020 CQ/HCQ [7]. Moreover, CQ showed a paradoxical effect when administered in treating Chikungunya virus Infection: in a prophylactic study in a non -human primate model the infection was enhanced by CQ treatment; in a curative study on a human cohort
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa321
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa321/5811416
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The use of anti-inflammatory drugs in the treatment of people with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): The experience of clinical immunologists from China
AU  - Zhang, Wen
AU  - Zhao, Yan
AU  - Zhang, Fengchun
AU  - Wang, Qian
AU  - Li, Taisheng
AU  - Liu, Zhengyin
AU  - Wang, Jinglan
AU  - Qin, Yan
AU  - Zhang, Xuan
AU  - Yan, Xiaowei
AU  - Zeng, Xiaofeng
AU  - Zhang, Shuyang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The pandemic outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is rapidly spreading all over the world. Reports from China showed that about 20% of patients developed severe disease, resulting in a fatality of 4%. In the past two months, we clinical immunologists participated in multi-rounds of MDT (multidiscipline team) discussion on the anti-inflammation management of critical ill COVID-19 patients, with our colleagues dispatched from Chinese leading PUMC Hospital to Wuhan to admit and treat the most severe patients. Here, from the perspective of clinical immunologists, we will discuss the clinical and immunological characteristics of severe patients, and summarize the current evidence and share our experience in anti-inflammation treatment, including glucocorticoids, IL-6 antagonist, JAK inhibitors and choloroquine/hydrocholoroquine, of patients with severe COVID-19 that may have an impaired immune system.
JO  - Clinical Immunology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 108393-108393
SP  - 108393
EP  - 108393
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clim.2020.108393
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1521661620301984
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Optimizing COVID-19 candidate therapeutics: Thinking Without Borders
AU  - Rayner, Craig R.
AU  - Smith, Patrick F.
AU  - Hershberger, Kevin
AU  - Wesche, David
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract This commentary seeks to share some key insights relevant to optimizing COVID-19 candidate therapeutics that were learned from attempts to optimize anti-infective posology in settings where quality and timely availability of data is challenging, with particular focus on influenza, including experiences from H5N1 and pH1N1 outbreaks.
JO  - Clinical and Translational Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/cts.12790
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/cts.12790
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - End-of-life care in the Emergency Department for the patient imminently dying of a highly transmissible acute respiratory infection (such as COVID-19)
AU  - Hendin, Ariel
AU  - La Rivière, Christian G.
AU  - Williscroft, David M.
AU  - O'Connor, Erin
AU  - Hughes, Jennifer
AU  - Fischer, Lisa M.
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - CJEM
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-5
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/cem.2020.352
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/endoflife-care-in-the-emergency-department-for-the-patient-imminently-dying-of-a-highly-transmissible-acute-respiratory-infection-such-as-covid19/5CFDE7F770C0B8A820C02E36E91D34D4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Critical Organizational Issues for Cardiologists in the COVID-19 Outbreak: A Frontline Experience From Milan, Italy
AU  - Stefanini, Giulio G.
AU  - Azzolini, Elena
AU  - Condorelli, Gianluigi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Circulation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.047070
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical characteristics of fatal and recovered cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China: a retrospective study
AU  - Deng, Yan
AU  - Liu, Wei
AU  - Liu, Kui
AU  - Fang, Yuan-Yuan
AU  - Shang, Jin
AU  - zhou, Ling
AU  - Wang, Ke
AU  - Leng, Fan
AU  - Wei, Shuang
AU  - Chen, Lei
AU  - Liu, Hui-Guo
PY  - 9000
PD  - 
N2  - Background: The 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) has caused the outbreak of the acute respiratory disease in Wuhan, Hubei Province of China since December 2019. This study is performed to analyze the clinical characteristics of patients who succumbed to and who recovered from 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Methods: Clinical data were collected from two tertiary hospitals in Wuhan. A retrospective investigation was conducted to analyze the clinical characteristics of fatal cases of COVID-19 (death group) and compare them with recovered patients (recovered group). Continuous variables were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test. Categorical variables were analyzed by χ2 test or Fisher's exact tests as appropriate. Results: Our study enrolled 109 COVID-19 patients who died during hospitalization and 116 recovered patients. The median age of the death group was older than the recovered group (69 [62, 74] years vs. 40 [33, 57] years, Z = 9.738, P < 0.001). More patients in the death group had underlying diseases (72.5% vs. 41.5%, χ2 = 22.105, P < 0.001). Patients in the death group had a significantly longer time of illness onset to hospitalization (10.0 [6.5, 12.0] days vs. 7.0 [5.0, 10.0] days, Z = 3.216, P = 0.001). On admission, the proportion of patients with symptoms of dyspnea (70.6% vs. 24.7%, χ2 = 60.905, P < 0.001) and expectoration (32.1% vs.15.7%, χ2 = 13.250, P < 0.001) was significantly higher. The blood oxygen saturation was significantly lower in the death group (85 [77, 91]% vs. 97 [95, 98]%, Z = 10.625, P < 0.001). The white blood cell (WBC) in death group was higher on admission (7.23 [4.87, 11.17] × 109/L vs. 4.52 [3.62, 5.88] × 109/L, Z = 7.618, P < 0.001). Patients in the death group exhibited significantly lower lymphocyte count (0.63 [0.40, 0.79] × 109/L vs. 1.00 [0.72, 1.27] × 109/L, Z = 8.037, P < 0.001) and lymphocyte/WBC ratio (7.10 [4.45, 12.73]% vs. 23.5 [15.27, 31.25]%, Z = 10.315, P < 0.001) on admission, and the lymphocyte/WBC ratio continue to decrease during hospitalization (7.10 [4.45, 12.73]% vs. 2.91 [1.79, 6.13]%, Z = 5.242, P < 0.001). Alanine transaminase (ALT) (22.00 [15.00, 34.00] U/L vs. 18.70 [13.00, 30.38] U/L, Z = 2.592, P = 0.010), aspartate transaminase (AST) (34.00 [27.00, 47.00] U/L vs. 22.00 [17.65, 31.75] U/L, Z = 7.308, P < 0.001), and creatinine levels (89.00 [72.00, 133.50] μmol/L vs.65.00 [54.60, 78.75] μmol/L, Z = 6.478, P < 0.001) were significantly higher in the death group that those in the recovered group. C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were also significantly higher in the death group on admission (109.25 [35.00, 170.28] mg/L vs.3.22 [1.04, 21.80] mg/L, Z = 10.206, P < 0.001) showed no significant improvement after treatment (109.25 [35.0, 170.28] mg/L vs. 81.60 [27.23, 179.08] mg/L, Z = 1.219, P = 0.233). The patients in the death group had more complications such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (89.9% vs. 7.6%, χ2 = 148.105, P < 0.001), acute cardiac injury (59.6% vs. 0.8%, χ2 = 93.222, P < 0.001), acute kidney injury (18.3% vs. 0, χ2 = 23.257, P < 0.001), shock (11.9% vs. 0, χ2 = 14.618, P < 0.001), and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) (6.4% vs. 0, χ2 = 7.655, P = 0.006). Conclusions: Compared to the recovered group, more patients in the death group exhibited characteristics of advanced age, pre-existing comorbidities, dyspnea, oxygen saturation decrease, increased WBC count, decreased lymphocytes, and elevated CRP levels. More patients in the death groups had complications such as ARDS, acute cardiac injury, acute kidney injury, shock, and DIC. Correspondence to: Prof. Hui-Guo Liu, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China E-Mail: huiguol@163.com How to cite this article: Deng Y, Liu W, Liu K, Fang YY, Shang J, zhou L, Wang K, Leng F, Wei S, Chen L, Liu HG. Clinical characteristics of fatal and recovered cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China: a retrospective study. Chin Med J 2020;00:00–00. doi: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000824 Received 25 February, 2020 This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 © 2020 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.
JO  - Chinese Medical Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Publish Ahead of Print
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00029330-900000000-99319
DO  - 10.1097/cm9.0000000000000824
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/cmj/Fulltext/publishahead/Clinical_characteristics_of_fatal_and_recovered.99319.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - Fatima Serhan (2020-03-27 00:23:47)(Screen): article in Chinese; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - “Preparing for the COVID-19 Pandemic: Our Experience in New York”
AU  - Hasan, Zubair
AU  - Narasimhan, Mangala
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Chest
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2020.03.027
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S001236922030547X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Considerations for Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory Procedures During the COVID-19 Pandemic Perspectives from the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions Emerging Leader Mentorship (SCAI ELM) Members and Graduates
AU  - Szerlip, Molly
AU  - Anwaruddin, Saif
AU  - Aronow, Herbert D.
AU  - Cohen, Mauricio G.
AU  - Daniels, Matthew J.
AU  - Dehghani, Payam
AU  - Drachman, Douglas E.
AU  - Elmariah, Sammy
AU  - Feldman, Dmitriy N.
AU  - Garcia, Santiago
AU  - Giri, Jay
AU  - Kaul, Prashant
AU  - Kapur, Navin
AU  - Kumbhani, Dharam J.
AU  - Meraj, Perwaiz M.
AU  - Morray, Brian
AU  - Nayak, Keshav R.
AU  - Parikh, Sahil A.
AU  - Sakhuja, Rahul
AU  - Schussler, Jeffrey M.
AU  - Seto, Arnold
AU  - Shah, Binita
AU  - Swaminathan, Rajesh V.
AU  - Zidar, David A.
AU  - Naidu, Srihari S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Catheterization and Cardiovascular Interventions
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/ccd.28887
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/ccd.28887
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: experts question analysis suggesting half UK population has been infected
AU  - Sayburn, Anna
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Experts have criticised an unpublished modelling study released to the media on Tuesday 24 March that suggested that half the UK population might already have been infected with covid-19.1 They emphasised that even if the modelling turned out to be correct it would not change the current public health advice to reduce the spread of the virus. The study, from the Nuffield Department of Medicine at the University of Oxford, used data on the number of deaths and reported cases in the early stages of the epidemic in Italy and the UK. The researchers used mathematical modelling to estimate infection rates by fitting a “susceptible—infected—recovered” model of epidemics to the numbers of deaths seen. The modelling made assumptions about the proportion of the population at risk of death or severe illness, the basic reproduction number of the virus, the period of time during which people are infected, and the time from infection to death …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1216-m1216
SP  - m1216
EP  - m1216
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1216
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1216
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: how to be careful with trust and expertise on social media
AU  - Llewellyn, Sue
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - At times of crisis we turn to experts—but news outlets and social media must be careful about the information they share, particularly informally, writes Sue Llewellyn Three times in one day I received the same warning from different groups of friends, through various channels. It came through email, Facebook, and WhatsApp, and I also saw it circulating widely on Twitter. I replied thanking them, saying that I knew they wanted to help (we all do) but that, actually, the warning wasn’t true and could even be dangerous. I felt almost unkind by pointing out that holding your breath wasn’t a test for covid-19. And that drinking lots of water wouldn’t help it go away. These viral warnings always start the same way. A doctor/nurse/specialist health or government worker—often, apparently, a friend or relative—shares a warning or advice of some kind. This often sounds credible and sometimes may even have a kernel of truth, but it almost always provokes some emotional response in the reader. Fear and outrage are …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1160-m1160
SP  - m1160
EP  - m1160
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1160
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1160
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: a remote assessment in primary care
AU  - Greenhalgh, Trisha
AU  - Koh, Gerald Choon Huat
AU  - Car, Josip
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - ### What you need to know A 37 year-old healthcare assistant develops a cough. Next day, she wakes with a fever (which she measures at 37.4°C) and shortness of breath. She manages her condition at home for several days, experiencing increasing tiredness, loss of appetite, and a persistent dry cough. On the fifth day of her illness, she develops mild diarrhoea, and her chest feels quite tight. She takes her temperature, which has gone up to 38.1°C. Feeling unwell, she contacts her GP surgery for advice. She would like someone to listen to her chest, but the receptionist tells her not to come to the surgery and offers her the choice of a telephone or video consultation. She was previously well apart from mild asthma (on occasional salbutamol). Five years ago, she took citalopram for anxiety. She is a single parent of three children. Novel coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) is an urgent and spreading threat whose clinical and epidemiological characteristics are still being documented.12 With a view to containing covid-19, a shift from in-person to remote consulting is occurring. Clinicians are thus faced with a new disease and a new way of interacting with patients. This article will present some guiding principles on how to choose between telephone and video appointments, how to conduct a “query covid” consultation remotely, and considerations when arranging follow-up and next steps. It does not cover remote triage or how to set up …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1182-m1182
SP  - m1182
EP  - m1182
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1182
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1182
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19 and long term conditions: what if you have cancer, diabetes, or chronic kidney disease?
AU  - Extance, Andy
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - When the UK prime minister, live on national TV with the chief medical officer Chris Whitty, advised vulnerable patients—including those with chronic kidney disease—to minimise their social contact, it should have been a welcome surprise for Tess Harris, chief executive of the Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD) charity. But recognition of this often unseen group provided no pleasure. Instead, it led to confusion. Chronic kidney disease covers people with a wide range of symptom severity. Those at stage one usually have no obvious symptoms, or possibly blood in their urine. Those with stage five disease, like Harris, have lost nearly all kidney function. Yet Whitty’s comments had people at stage one unnecessarily worried that they’d have to go into self-isolation, Harris told The BMJ . They were asking whether they should go to work, or let their children go to school, she explains. “That’s been a big challenge—trying to interpret for patients.” Harris receives peritoneal dialysis at home. “It’s life saving that I get my home dialysis fluids delivered along with everything else I need to stay safe,” she explained. Because she has a tube protruding from her stomach, it’s important for her to avoid infection, including maintaining good hand hygiene. Her deliveries come every two weeks, with her most recent arriving two days after Whitty’s announcement. “Luckily, there was hand gel,” she says. “In two weeks’ time, however, I don’t know.” She has a routine appointment on 23 March but doesn’t know if that’s going ahead. PKD is an inherited condition, meaning that several family members can have it, adding extra complications for self-isolation. As the disease advances, dialysis or a kidney …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1174-m1174
SP  - m1174
EP  - m1174
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1174
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1174
NS  - 
N1  - Qingxia Zhong (2020-04-01 00:32:48)(Included): correction added (19480); 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19 risks and response in South Asia
AU  - Bhutta, Zulfiqar A.
AU  - Basnyat, Buddha
AU  - Saha, Samir
AU  - Laxminarayan, Ramanan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The region is ill prepared for the crisis that lies ahead Over the past few weeks we have seen political leaders, policy makers, and health managers grapple with the reality of a novel coronavirus outbreak and its potential for global spread.12 From what initially seemed like a localised outbreak in Hubei province of China in December 2019, it rapidly became clear that SARS-CoV-2 had pandemic potential.3 But it was almost two months before the World Health Organization declared a true global pandemic. The number of deaths from covid-19 in Italy now exceeds those reported from China, and the outbreak in Iran may have seeded cases in Pakistan and Afghanistan.4 The number of reported cases in South Asia remains relatively low, however, and the response patchy. By 24 March, authorities in the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC), which comprises India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Maldives, Bhutan, and Afghanistan, had reported just 1536 confirmed cases and …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1190-m1190
SP  - m1190
EP  - m1190
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1190
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1190
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Decoupling deISGylating and deubiquitinating activities of the MERS virus papain-like protease
AU  - Clasman, J. R.
AU  - Everett, R. K.
AU  - Srinivasan, K.
AU  - Mesecar, A. D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus papain-like proteases (PLPs or PLpro), such as the one encoded in the genome of the infectious Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) virus, have multiple enzymatic activities that promote viral infection. PLpro acts as a protease and processes the large coronavirus polyprotein for virus replication. PLpro also functions as both a deubiquitinating (DUB) and deISGylating (deISG) enzyme and removes ubiquitin (Ub) and interferon-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15) from cellular proteins. Both DUB and deISG activities are implicated in suppressing innate immune responses; however, the precise role of each activity in this process is still unclear due in part to the difficulties in separating each activity. In this study, we determine the first structure of MERS PLpro in complex with the full-length human ISG15 to a resolution of 2.3 A. This structure and available structures of MERS PLpro-Ub complexes were used as molecular guides to design PLpro mutants that lack either or both DUB/deISG activities. We tested 13 different PLpro mutants for protease, DUB, and deISG activitites using fluorescence-based assays. Results show that we can selectively modulate DUB activity at amino acid positions 1649 and 1653 while mutation of Val1691 or His1652 of PLpro to a positive charged residue completely impairs both DUB/deISG activities. These mutant enzymes will provide new functional tools for delineating the importance of DUB versus deISG activity in virus-infected cells and may serve as potential candidates for attenuating the MERS virus in vivo for modified vaccine design efforts.Copyright © 2019
JO  - Antiviral Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 174
IS  - 
PG  - 104661
SP  - 104661
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.antiviral.2019.104661
UR  - http://www.elsevier.com/locate/antiviral http://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&PAGE=reference&D=emexb&NEWS=N&AN=2004567387
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Managing COVID-19 in Surgical Systems
AU  - Brindle, Mary
AU  - Gawande, Atul
PY  - 9000
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Publish Ahead of Print
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00000658-900000000-94654
DO  - 10.1097/sla.0000000000003923
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/annalsofsurgery/Fulltext/publishahead/Managing_COVID_19_in_Surgical_Systems.94654.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recommendations for Endotracheal Intubation of COVID-19 Patients
AU  - Orser, Beverley A.
PY  - 9000
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Anesthesia & Analgesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Publish Ahead of Print
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00000539-900000000-95736
DO  - 10.1213/ane.0000000000004803
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/anesthesia-analgesia/Fulltext/publishahead/Recommendations_for_Endotracheal_Intubation_of.95736.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Perioperative COVID-19 Defense: An Evidence-Based Approach for Optimization of Infection Control and Operating Room Management
AU  - Dexter, Franklin
AU  - Parra, Michelle C.
AU  - Brown, Jeremiah R.
AU  - Loftus, Randy W.
PY  - 9000
PD  - 
N2  - We describe an evidence-based approach for optimization of infection control and operating room management during the Coronavirus Disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Confirmed modes of viral transmission are primarily contact with contaminated environmental surfaces and aerosolization. Evidence-based improvement strategies for attenuation of residual environmental contamination involve a combination of deep cleaning with surface disinfectants and ultraviolet light (UV-C).1 Clinician components include placing alcohol-based hand rubs (ABHR) on the intravenous (IV) pole to the left of the provider and utilization of double glove techniques during induction.2 In addition, a wire basket lined with a zip closure plastic bag should be located on the IV pole to the right of the provider, and all contaminated instruments placed in the bag (i.e. laryngoscope blades and handles) and securely closed. Anesthesia professionals should designate and maintain clean and dirty areas in their work environment. After the induction of anesthesia, we recommend providers wipe down all equipment and surfaces with disinfection wipes that contain a quaternary ammonium compound and alcohol, using a top down cleaning sequence adequate to reduce the bioburden. We endorse cleaning operating rooms with use of UV-C lights.3 Patients should decolonize using pre-procedural chlorhexidine wipes, two doses of nasal povidone iodine within one hour of incision, and a chlorhexidine mouth rinse.4 All IV line ports must be closed and use vigorous hub disinfection.5 Lastly, end users need timely feedback of infectious data collected by surveillance of classic pathogen transmission.6
JO  - Anesthesia & Analgesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Publish Ahead of Print
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00000539-900000000-95734
DO  - 10.1213/ane.0000000000004829
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/anesthesia-analgesia/Fulltext/publishahead/Perioperative_COVID_19_Defense__An_Evidence_Based.95734.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - Fatima Serhan (2020-03-27 00:21:43)(Screen): DOI not found; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Inflammatory bowel disease care in the COVID-19 pandemic era: the Humanitas, Milan experience
AU  - Fiorino, Gionata
AU  - Allocca, Mariangela
AU  - Furfaro, Federica
AU  - Gilardi, Daniela
AU  - Zilli, Alessandra
AU  - Radice, Simona
AU  - Spinelli, Antonino
AU  - Danese, Silvio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of the COVID-19 caused by Coronavirus SARS-CoV2, is rapidly spreading worldwide. This is the first pandemic caused by a Coronavirus in history. More than 150,000 confirmed cases worldwide are reported by the SARS-CoV2, with more than 5,000 COVID-19-related deaths on March 14th, 2020. Fever, chills, cough, shortness of breath, generalized myalgia, malaise, drowsy, diarrhoea, confusion, dyspnoea, and bilateral interstitial pneumonia are the common symptoms. No therapies are available, and the only way to contain the virus spread is to regularly and thoroughly clean oneself hands with an alcohol-based hand rub or wash them with soap and water, to maintain at least 1 metre (3 feet) distance from anyone who is coughing or sneezing, to avoid touching eyes, nose and mouth, and to stay home if one feels unwell. No data are available on the risk of COVID-19 and outcomes in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. Outbreak restrictions can impact on the IBD care. We aim to give a viewpoint on how operationally manage IBD patients ensuring quality of care in the current pandemic era.
JO  - Journal of Crohn's and Colitis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjaa058
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/ecco-jcc/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjaa058/5811431
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Life in the pandemic: some reflections on nursing in the context of COVID-19
AU  - Jackson, Debra
AU  - Bradbury-Jones, Caroline
AU  - Baptiste, Diana
AU  - Gelling, Leslie
AU  - Morin, Karen
AU  - Neville, Stephen
AU  - Smith, Graeme D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract In the unparalleled and extraordinary public health emergency in which we find ourselves, across the world nurses stand as we always do ? at the front line. Nurses everywhere are staffing our clinics, hospital wards and units ? in some situations, literally working until they drop, and in some regions, they are doing so while dealing with a lack of essential items. Indeed, we see reports that nurses in many parts of the world are grappling with shortages of much needed supplies including personal protective equipment such as masks, gloves and gowns, yet are actively embracing the challenges presented by COVID-19.
JO  - Journal of Clinical Nursing
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jocn.15257
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.15257
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Crippled community governance and suppressed scientific/professional communities: a critical assessment of failed early warning for the COVID-19 outbreak in China
AU  - Gu, Edward
AU  - Li, Lantian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Chinese Governance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-18
SP  - 1
EP  - 18
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/23812346.2020.1740468
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/23812346.2020.1740468
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Hospital response to the COVID-19 outbreak: the experience in Shanghai, China
AU  - Zhang, Yuxia
AU  - Sun, Zhan
AU  - Latour, Jos M.
AU  - Hu, Bijie
AU  - Qian, Juying
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract On 20th January 2020, the first COVID-19 case was reported in Shanghai, China. As of 12th March 2020, 344 cases with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 infection have been detected in Shanghai, of which three died, 321 patients are discharged, 20 patients still receive ongoing treatments (Shanghai Municipal Health Commission, 2020).
JO  - Journal of Advanced Nursing
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jan.14364
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.14364
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 Transmission in Patients With Cancer at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Wuhan, China
AU  - Yu, Jing
AU  - Ouyang, Wen
AU  - Chua, Melvin L. K.
AU  - Xie, Conghua
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, an outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) occurred in Wuhan, Hubei, which has been linked to the severe adult respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It is characterized by rapid human-to-human transmission from droplet contamination.1,2 A report of 138 hospitalized patients from a single institution (Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University) indicated that hospital-acquired transmission accounted for 41.3% of these admitted patients, thus implicating the hospital environment as a source of spread of the virus.3 Patients with cancer are often recalled to the hospital for treatment and monitoring, and hence, they may be at risk of contracting COVID-19. Moreover, cancer treatments such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy are immunosuppressive. Here, we report the incidence and outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection in cancer patients who were treated at a tertiary cancer institution in Wuhan. Methods We reviewed the medical records, including demographic, clinical, and treatment data of 1524 patients with cancer who were admitted to the Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, from December 30, 2019, to February 17, 2020 (data cutoff date). COVID-19 pneumonia was diagnosed based on the updated COVID-19 Diagnostic Criteria, 5th Edition (Supplement). Outcomes of COVID-19 among patients with cancer were reported. This retrospective study was approved by the Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University ethics committee (2020039). Waiver of informed consent was approved for the aggregated data; verbal informed consent was obtained from the living patients with COVID-19. Results We estimated the infection rate of SARS-CoV-2 in patients with cancer from our single institution at 0.79% (12 of 1524 patients; 95% CI, 0.3%-1.2%). This was higher than the cumulative incidence of all diagnosed COVID-19 cases that was reported in the city of Wuhan over the same time period (0.37%; 41 152 of 11 081 000 cases; data cutoff on February 17, 2020). Clinical details on the cancer diagnoses and treatment history are summarized in Table 1. The median age of infected patients was 66 years (range, 48 to 78 years); 8 of 12 patients (66.7%) were older than 60 years. Seven of 12 (58.3%) patients had non–small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). Five (41.7%) were being treated with either chemotherapy with or without immunotherapy (n = 3) or radiotherapy (n = 2). Three patients (25.0%) developed SARS; 1 patient required intensive-level care. As of March 10, 2020, 6 patients (50.0%) had been discharged, whereas 3 deaths (25.0%) were recorded. We also interrogated the association of SARS-Cov-2 infection with age and concurrent NSCLC diagnosis. Of the 1524 patients with cancer who were screened, 228 had NSCLC. We found that patients with NSCLC older than 60 years had a higher incidence of COVID-19 than those aged 60 years or younger (4.3% vs 1.8%) (Table 2). Discussion It is hypothesized that patients with cancer may be susceptible to an infection during a viral epidemic owing to their immunocompromised status.4 This study highlights the following observations: patients with cancer from the epicenter of a viral epidemic harbored a higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection (OR, 2.31; 95% CI, 1.89-3.02) compared with the community. However, fewer than half of these infected patients were undergoing active treatment for their cancers. Next, we observed that older patients (>60 years) and patients with NSCLC may be at risk of COVID-19. Nonetheless, a population study of 1099 patients with COVID-19 did not indicate that age was associated with susceptibility to infection.5 A larger sample size in patients with cancer will resolve these potential associations. Finally, our findings imply that hospital admission and recurrent hospital visits are potential risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection. We propose that aggressive measures be undertaken to reduce frequency of hospital visits of patients with cancer during a viral epidemic going forward. For patients who require treatment, proper isolation protocols must be in place to mitigate the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
JO  - JAMA Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jamaoncol.2020.0980
UR  - https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaoncology/fullarticle/2763673
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Association of Cardiac Injury With Mortality in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19 in Wuhan, China
AU  - Shi, Shaobo
AU  - Qin, Mu
AU  - Shen, Bo
AU  - Cai, Yuli
AU  - Liu, Tao
AU  - Yang, Fan
AU  - Gong, Wei
AU  - Liu, Xu
AU  - Liang, Jinjun
AU  - Zhao, Qinyan
AU  - Huang, He
AU  - Yang, Bo
AU  - Huang, Congxin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <h3>Importance</h3><p>Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has resulted in considerable morbidity and mortality worldwide since December 2019. However, information on cardiac injury in patients affected by COVID-19 is limited.</p><h3>Objective</h3><p>To explore the association between cardiac injury and mortality in patients with COVID-19.</p><h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3><p>This cohort study was conducted from January 20, 2020, to February 10, 2020, in a single center at Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; the final date of follow-up was February 15, 2020. All consecutive inpatients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 were included in this study.</p><h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3><p>Clinical laboratory, radiological, and treatment data were collected and analyzed. Outcomes of patients with and without cardiac injury were compared. The association between cardiac injury and mortality was analyzed.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 416 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 were included in the final analysis; the median age was 64 years (range, 21-95 years), and 211 (50.7%) were female. Common symptoms included fever (334 patients [80.3%]), cough (144 [34.6%]), and shortness of breath (117 [28.1%]). A total of 82 patients (19.7%) had cardiac injury, and compared with patients without cardiac injury, these patients were older (median [range] age, 74 [34-95] vs 60 [21-90] years;<i>P</i> &lt; .001); had more comorbidities (eg, hypertension in 49 of 82 [59.8%] vs 78 of 334 [23.4%];<i>P</i> &lt; .001); had higher leukocyte counts (median [interquartile range (IQR)], 9400 [6900-13 800] vs 5500 [4200-7400] cells/μL) and levels of C-reactive protein (median [IQR], 10.2 [6.4-17.0] vs 3.7 [1.0-7.3] mg/dL), procalcitonin (median [IQR], 0.27 [0.10-1.22] vs 0.06 [0.03-0.10] ng/mL), creatinine kinase–myocardial band (median [IQR], 3.2 [1.8-6.2] vs 0.9 [0.6-1.3] ng/mL), myohemoglobin (median [IQR], 128 [68-305] vs 39 [27-65] μg/L), high-sensitivity troponin I (median [IQR], 0.19 [0.08-1.12] vs &lt;0.006 [&lt;0.006-0.009] μg/L), N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (median [IQR], 1689 [698-3327] vs 139 [51-335] pg/mL), aspartate aminotransferase (median [IQR], 40 [27-60] vs 29 [21-40] U/L), and creatinine (median [IQR], 1.15 [0.72-1.92] vs 0.64 [0.54-0.78] mg/dL); and had a higher proportion of multiple mottling and ground-glass opacity in radiographic findings (53 of 82 patients [64.6%] vs 15 of 334 patients [4.5%]). Greater proportions of patients with cardiac injury required noninvasive mechanical ventilation (38 of 82 [46.3%] vs 13 of 334 [3.9%];<i>P</i> &lt; .001) or invasive mechanical ventilation (18 of 82 [22.0%] vs 14 of 334 [4.2%];<i>P</i> &lt; .001) than those without cardiac injury. Complications were more common in patients with cardiac injury than those without cardiac injury and included acute respiratory distress syndrome (48 of 82 [58.5%] vs 49 of 334 [14.7%];<i>P</i> &lt; .001), acute kidney injury (7 of 82 [8.5%] vs 1 of 334 [0.3%];<i>P</i> &lt; .001), electrolyte disturbances (13 of 82 [15.9%] vs 17 of 334 [5.1%];<i>P</i> = .003), hypoproteinemia (11 of 82 [13.4%] vs 16 of 334 [4.8%];<i>P</i> = .01), and coagulation disorders (6 of 82 [7.3%] vs 6 of 334 [1.8%];<i>P</i> = .02). Patients with cardiac injury had higher mortality than those without cardiac injury (42 of 82 [51.2%] vs 15 of 334 [4.5%];<i>P</i> &lt; .001). In a Cox regression model, patients with vs those without cardiac injury were at a higher risk of death, both during the time from symptom onset (hazard ratio, 4.26 [95% CI, 1.92-9.49]) and from admission to end point (hazard ratio, 3.41 [95% CI, 1.62-7.16]).</p><h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3><p>Cardiac injury is a common condition among hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China, and it is associated with higher risk of in-hospital mortality.</p>
JO  - JAMA Cardiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jamacardio.2020.0950
UR  - https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamacardiology/fullarticle/2763524
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers: What Is the Evidence?
AU  - Patel, Ankit B.
AU  - Verma, Ashish
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.4812
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Treating COVID-19-Off-Label Drug Use, Compassionate Use, and Randomized Clinical Trials During Pandemics
AU  - Kalil, Andre C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.4742
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chinese Health Care Workers and COVID-19: For Whom the Bell Tolls
AU  - Mann, Douglas L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JACC: Basic to Translational Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacbts.2020.03.009
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452302X2030125X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Angiotensin II for the Treatment of COVID-19–Related Vasodilatory Shock
AU  - Chow, Jonathan H.
AU  - Mazzeffi, Michael A.
AU  - McCurdy, Michael T.
PY  - 9000
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Anesthesia & Analgesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Publish Ahead of Print
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00000539-900000000-95735
DO  - 10.1213/ane.0000000000004825
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/anesthesia-analgesia/Fulltext/publishahead/Angiotensin_II_for_the_Treatment_of.95735.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - CT Findings of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Severe Pneumonia
AU  - Guan, Wanhua
AU  - Liu, Jinxin
AU  - Yu, Chengcheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - American Journal of Roentgenology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - W1-W2
SP  - W1
EP  - W2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2214/AJR.20.23035
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32208010 https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.20.23035
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19 infection and mortality - A physiologist's perspective enlightening clinical features and plausible interventional strategies
AU  - Abassi, Zaid A.
AU  - Skorecki, Karl
AU  - Heyman, Samuel Noam
AU  - Kinaneh, Safa
AU  - Armaly, Zaher
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus 2019 (SARS-CoV-2) binds to converting enzyme 2 receptors (ACE2) in host cells, as 41 was also reported for its recent preceding epidemic causing viral family member, SARS-CoV-1, 42 responsible for the 2003-2004 outbreak in southeastern China (1). ACE2 is abundant in the 43 lungs, heart, blood vessels, tests, brain and intestine(2, 3), and is responsible for the production 44 of Angiotensin 1-7, which exerts vasodilatory, natriuretic/diuretic, anti-inflammatory and 45 antifibrotic effects via the Mas receptor (2, 4). In the lung, the organ most vulnerable to SARS- 46 CoV-2 infection in the ongoing current pandemic, ACE2 is localized to type II (AT2), and to a 47 lesser extent to type I (AT1) alveolar cells (4). Remarkably, AT2 express many genes that are 48 profoundly involved in the reproduction and transmission of the virus (5). The kidney and testis, 49 two additional organs susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 also express high immunoreactivity to ACE2(2, 50 3), which therefore can be reasonably hypothesized as a candidate for possible involvement in 51 the clinical manifestations of SARS-CoV-2, which also encompass acute kidney injury and 52 impaired fertility (6-8) (Fig 1). Furthermore, preliminary available data from infected patients 53 illustrate that patients treated with angiotensin-II inhibitors (ACE-I)/angiotensin receptor 54 blockers (ARBs) or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) exhibit severe symptoms 55 with a higher mortality rate as compared to non-user counterparts (6-8). Of notable relevance 56 is the demonstration that that ACE-I, ARBS and even mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) blockers 57 remarkably augment the expression of ACE-2 both in diabetic patients (6, 9) and animals with 58 experimental heart failure (10). Similarly, NSAIDs, non-selectively block cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 59 and COX-2, both enzymes being abundant in kidney tissue and well-established for the role in 60 beneficial vasodilatory and natriuretic responses, as the case with ACE2.
JO  - American Journal of Physiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1152/ajplung.00097.2020
UR  - https://journals.physiology.org/doi/pdf/10.1152/ajplung.00097.2020
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How should rehabilitative departments of hospitals prepare for coronavirus disease 2019?
AU  - Chang, Min Cheol
AU  - Park, Donghwi
PY  - 9000
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Publish Ahead of Print
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00002060-900000000-98041
DO  - 10.1097/phm.0000000000001428
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/ajpmr/Fulltext/publishahead/How_should_rehabilitative_departments_of_hospitals.98041.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and Chloroquine/Hydroxychloroquine: is there Ophthalmological Concern?
AU  - Marmor, Michael F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - American Journal of Ophthalmology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajo.2020.03.028
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S000293942030132X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Outcome of Coronavirus spectrum infections (SARS, MERS, COVID 1 -19) during pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
AU  - Di Mascio, Daniele
AU  - Khalil, Asma
AU  - Saccone, Gabriele
AU  - Rizzo, Giuseppe
AU  - Buca, Danilo
AU  - Liberati, Marco
AU  - Vecchiet, Jacopo
AU  - Nappi, Luigi
AU  - Scambia, Giovanni
AU  - Berghella, Vincenzo
AU  - D’Antonio, Francesco
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - ABSTRACT Objective The aim of this systematic review was to report pregnancy and perinatal outcomes of Coronavirus (CoV) spectrum infections, and particularly COVID-19 disease due to SARS-COV-2 infection during pregnancy. Data sources Medline, Embase, Cinahl and Clinicaltrials.gov databases were searched electronically utilizing combinations of word variants for “coronavirus” or “severe acute respiratory syndrome” or “SARS” or “Middle East respiratory syndrome” or “MERS” or “COVID-19” and “pregnancy”. The search and selection criteria were restricted to English language. Study eligibility criteria Inclusion criteria were pregnant women with a confirmed Coronavirus related illness, defined as either SARS, MERS or COVID-19. Study appraisal and synthesis methods We used meta-analyses of proportions to combine data and reported pooled proportions. The pregnancy outcomes observed included miscarriage, preterm birth, pre-eclampsia, preterm prelabor rupture of membranes, fetal growth restriction, and mode of delivery. The perinatal outcomes observed were fetal distress, Apgar score < 7 at five minutes, neonatal asphyxia, admission to neonatal intensive care unit, perinatal death, and evidence of vertical transmission. Results 19 studies including 79 women were eligible for this systematic review: 41 pregnancies (51.9%) affected by COVID-19, 12 (15.2%) by MERS, and 26 (32.9%) by SARS. An overt diagnosis of pneumonia was made in 91.8% and the most common symptoms were fever (82.6%), cough (57.1%) and dyspnea (27.0%). For all CoV infections, the rate of miscarriage was 39.1% (95% CI 20.2-59.8); the rate of preterm birth < 37 weeks was 24.3% (95% CI 12.5-38.6); premature prelabor rupture of membranes occurred in 20.7% (95% CI 9.5-34.9), preeclampsia in 16.2% (95% CI 4.2-34.1), and fetal growth restriction in 11.7% (95% CI 3.2-24.4); 84% were delivered by cesarean; the rate of perinatal death was 11.1% (95% CI 84.8-19.6) and 57.2% (95% CI 3.6-99.8) of newborns were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit. When focusing on COVID-19, the most common adverse pregnancy outcome was preterm birth < 37 weeks, occurring in 41.1% (95% CI 25.6-57.6) of cases, while the rate of perinatal death was 7.0% (95% CI 1.4-16.3). None of the 41 newborns assessed showed clinical signs of vertical transmission. Conclusion In mothers infected with coronavirus infections, including COVID-19, >90% of whom also had pneumonia, PTB is the most common adverse pregnancy outcome. Miscarriage, preeclampsia, cesarean, and perinatal death (7-11%) were also more common than in the general population. There have been no published cases of clinical evidence of vertical transmission. Evidence is accumulating rapidly, so these data may need to be updated soon. The findings from this study can guide and enhance prenatal counseling of women with COVID-19 infection occurring during pregnancy.
JO  - American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology MFM
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 100107-100107
SP  - 100107
EP  - 100107
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajogmf.2020.100107
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589933320300379
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Labor and Delivery Guidance for COVID-19
AU  - Boelig, Rupsa C.
AU  - Manuck, Tracy
AU  - Oliver, Emily A.
AU  - Di Mascio, Daniele
AU  - Saccone, Gabriele
AU  - Bellussi, Federica
AU  - Berghella, Vincenzo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology MFM
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 100110-100110
SP  - 100110
EP  - 100110
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajogmf.2020.100110
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589933320300409
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Leukoerythroblastic reaction in a patient with COVID-19 infection
AU  - Mitra, Anupam
AU  - Dwyre, Denis M.
AU  - Schivo, Michael
AU  - Thompson Iii, George R.
AU  - Cohen, Stuart H.
AU  - Ku, Nam
AU  - Graff, John P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - American Journal of Hematology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/ajh.25793
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/ajh.25793
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19, Mental Health and Aging: A Need for New Knowledge to Bridge Science and Service
AU  - Vahia, Ipsit V.
AU  - Blazer, Dan G.
AU  - Smith, Gwenn S.
AU  - Karp, Jordan F.
AU  - Steffens, David C.
AU  - Forester, Brent P.
AU  - Tampi, Rajesh
AU  - Agronin, Marc
AU  - Jeste, Dilip V.
AU  - Reynolds, Charles F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jagp.2020.03.007
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1064748120302712
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Is traditional Chinese medicine useful in the treatment of COVID-19?
AU  - Zhang, Kai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2020.03.046
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735675720301881
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Why is COVID-19 so mild in children?
AU  - Brodin, Petter
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract There is an urgent need to understand why the course of the coronavirus that started in late 2019 (COVID-19) is affecting different groups of individuals with varying severity during the ongoing global pandemic. Greater knowledge of the disease, which is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2), will help us to prioritise our limited health resources. Because the virus is new, and no vaccine is yet available, everyone is naïve and susceptible to being infected with SARS-CoV2. The virus will continue to spread until an effective vaccine exists or sufficient members of our global population have been infected to establish herd immunity. At the moment, the best way to minimize loss of life and severe cases requiring intensive care is to try and shelter vulnerable groups of individuals and slow down the spread of the virus.
JO  - Acta Paediatrica
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/apa.15271
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/apa.15271
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Senior Medical Students in the COVID-19 Response: An opportunity to be proactive
AU  - Stokes, Daniel C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract On March 13th, the United States (US) declared the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic a national emergency. By March 18th, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, COVID-19 had spread to all 50 US states, with 7,038 cases and 97 deaths.1 The trajectory of cases mirrors that of Italy, where doctors are forced to consider who is more deserving of a ventilator.2 In response, social distancing measures are being promoted across the US in the hopes of slowing the growth in new cases, i.e. ?flattening the curve.? This could maintain the demand for acute care within the healthcare system?s capacity to treat.3 Travel has been curtailed, conferences and concerts cancelled, and schools and universities have moved students off campus and classes online. Medical schools are following suit, with added motivators. In canceling classes and rotations, medical schools hope to: promote social distancing, limit the risk of students contracting the virus, limit the number of healthcare workers who might spread the virus to unaffected patients, minimize the teaching burden on frontline providers, and preserve personal protective equipment (PPE) for essential personnel. These are logical reasons for removing students from hospitals. But, despite our best efforts, there may come a point in the US when, as is set to happen in Italy, medical demand outpaces medical capacity.2 If the same happens here, is there a plan in place for incorporating senior medical students into emergency relief efforts?
JO  - Academic Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/acem.13972
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/acem.13972
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A novel bacterium-like particle vaccine displaying the MERS-CoV receptor-binding domain induces specific mucosal and systemic immune responses in mice
AU  - Li, E.
AU  - Chi, H.
AU  - Huang, P.
AU  - Yan, F.
AU  - Zhang, Y.
AU  - Liu, C.
AU  - Wang, Z.
AU  - Li, G.
AU  - Zhang, S.
AU  - Mo, R.
AU  - Jin, H.
AU  - Wang, H.
AU  - Feng, N.
AU  - Wang, J.
AU  - Bi, Y.
AU  - Wang, T.
AU  - Sun, W.
AU  - Gao, Y.
AU  - Zhao, Y.
AU  - Yang, S.
AU  - Xia, X.
PY  - 2019
PD  - 
N2  - Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), a new coronavirus that has been causing severe and fatal acute respiratory illnesses in humans since its outbreak in 2012, has raised public fear worldwide. The development of prophylactics and therapeutics is urgently needed to prevent and control MERS-CoV infections. In this study, a bacterium (Lactococcus lactis)-like particle (BLP) vaccine displaying the MERS-CoV receptor-binding domain (RBD) was developed, and gram-positive enhancer matrix (GEM) particles were used as substrates to externally bind to the MERS-CoV RBD through a protein anchor (PA). The designs included different numbers of lysin motif (LysM) repeats in the PAs linked by linkers (RBD-linker-PA2 (RLP2), RBD-linker-PA3 (RLP3) and RBD-PA3 (RP3)), and three LysM repeats and a linker in the fusion proteins increased the binding activity to the RBD. The specific immune responses were tested by intranasally immunizing mice with RLP3-GEM with or without the adjuvant GEL01. The results showed that GEL01-adjuvanted RLP3-GEM increased the systemic humoral, cellular and local mucosal immune responses in the mouse model, especially in the intestinal tract. The above results indicate that the MERS-CoV BLP product has the potential to be developed into a promising mucosal candidate vaccine to protect against MERS-CoV infections.Copyright © 2019 by the authors.
JO  - Viruses
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 11
IS  - 9
PG  - 799
SP  - 799
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11090799
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/11/9/799 http://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&PAGE=reference&D=emexb&NEWS=N&AN=2005141081
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Taking back vacant property
AU  - Noterman, Elsa
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Urban Geography
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-20
SP  - 1
EP  - 20
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/02723638.2020.1743519
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/02723638.2020.1743519
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A pregnant woman with COVID-19 in Central America
AU  - Zambrano, Lysien I.
AU  - Fuentes-Barahona, Itzel Carolina
AU  - Bejarano-Torres, Daysi Anabell
AU  - Bustillo, Carolina
AU  - Gonzales, Gloria
AU  - Vallecillo-Chinchilla, Gissela
AU  - Sanchez-Martínez, Fredal Eduardo
AU  - Valle-Reconco, Jorge Alberto
AU  - Sierra, Manuel
AU  - Bonilla-Aldana, D. Katterine
AU  - Cardona-Ospina, Jaime A.
AU  - Rodríguez-Morales, Alfonso J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101639-101639
SP  - 101639
EP  - 101639
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101639
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893920301071 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1477893920301071
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A midpoint perspective on the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Hsu, Li Yang
AU  - Chia, Po Ying
AU  - Vasoo, Shawn
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) epidemic has spread to virtually every continent in the world. Despite Singapore's efforts, sustained community transmission of the virus has continued. We herein describe several key experiences and lessons learnt during the early course of the outbreak. First, it is critical to evaluate the outbreak objectively based on its own characteristics and not those of past epidemics. Second, the great advancements in speed and power of science and international collaboration have been critical in providing knowledge about the virus and disease. Third, public risk communications and the need to combat false information and rumours are even more crucial in this age of social media and viral information spread. Lastly, outbreak control and mitigation goes beyond the healthcare sector. The many lessons learnt will serve as a blueprint for dealing with future pandemics, but a sustainable new normal is required for the immediate future.
JO  - Singapore medical journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.11622/smedj.2020036
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemiological data from the COVID-19 outbreak, real-time case information
AU  - Xu, Bo
AU  - Gutierrez, Bernardo
AU  - Mekaru, Sumiko
AU  - Sewalk, Kara
AU  - Goodwin, Lauren
AU  - Loskill, Alyssa
AU  - Cohn, Emily L.
AU  - Hswen, Yulin
AU  - Hill, Sarah C.
AU  - Cobo, Maria M.
AU  - Zarebski, Alexander E.
AU  - Li, Sabrina
AU  - Wu, Chieh-Hsi
AU  - Hulland, Erin
AU  - Morgan, Julia D.
AU  - Wang, Lin
AU  - O'Brien, Katelynn
AU  - Scarpino, Samuel V.
AU  - Brownstein, John S.
AU  - Pybus, Oliver G.
AU  - Pigott, David M.
AU  - Kraemer, Moritz U. G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Cases of a novel coronavirus were first reported in Wuhan, Hubei province, China, in December 2019 and have since spread across the world. Epidemiological studies have indicated human-to-human transmission in China and elsewhere. To aid the analysis and tracking of the COVID-19 epidemic we collected and curated individual-level data from national, provincial, and municipal health reports, as well as additional information from online reports. All data are geo-coded and, where available, include symptoms, key dates (date of onset, admission, and confirmation), and travel history. The generation of detailed, real-time, and robust data for emerging disease outbreaks is important and can help to generate robust evidence that will support and inform public health decision making.
JO  - Scientific data
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 7
IS  - 1
PG  - 106-106
SP  - 106
EP  - 106
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41597-020-0448-0
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Effects of temperature variation and humidity on the death of COVID-19 in Wuhan, China
AU  - Ma, Yueling
AU  - Zhao, Yadong
AU  - Liu, Jiangtao
AU  - He, Xiaotao
AU  - Wang, Bo
AU  - Fu, Shihua
AU  - Yan, Jun
AU  - Niu, Jingping
AU  - Zhou, Ji
AU  - Luo, Bin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Meteorological parameters are the important factors influencing the infectious diseases such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and influenza. This study aims to explore the association between Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) deaths and weather parameters. In this study, we collected the daily death numbers of COVID-19, meteorological parameters and air pollutant data from 20 January 2020 to 29 February 2020 in Wuhan, China. Generalized additive model was applied to explore the effect of temperature, humidity and diurnal temperature range on the daily death counts of COVID-19. There were 2299 COVID-19 death counts in Wuhan during the study period. A positive association with COVID-19 daily death counts was observed for diurnal temperature range (r = 0.44), but negative association for relative humidity (r = −0.32). In addition, one unit increase in diurnal temperature range was only associated with a 2.92% (95% CI: 0.61%, 5.28%) increase in COVID-19 deaths in lag 3. However, both 1 unit increase of temperature and absolute humidity were related to the decreased COVID-19 death in lag 3 and lag 5, with the greatest decrease both in lag 3 [−7.50% (95% CI: −10.99%, −3.88%) and −11.41% (95% CI: −19.68%, −2.29%)]. In summary, this study suggests the temperature variation and humidity may also be important factors affecting the COVID-19 mortality.
JO  - Science of The Total Environment
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 138226-138226
SP  - 138226
EP  - 138226
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138226
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969720317393 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0048969720317393
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recommendations and guidance for providing pharmaceutical care services during COVID-19 pandemic: A China perspective
AU  - Zheng, Si-qian
AU  - Yang, Li
AU  - Zhou, Peng-xiang
AU  - Li, Hui-bo
AU  - Liu, Fang
AU  - Zhao, Rong-sheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background The novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19), which was first detected in Wuhan City, has now became a pandemic that affecting patients around the world. Particularly, the community patient population are at high risk of infection and are facing potential failure of proper medication use during the pandemic. Objective To discuss community pharmacists’ role and the content of pharmaceutical care (PC) during the novel coronavirus pandemic to promote effective prevention and control and safe drug use of the community patient population. Method Collect and summarize the experience Chinese community pharmacies gained from providing pharmacy services during the COVID-19 outbreak, and taking the PC needs into consideration, analyze and discuss the methods and strategies that community pharmacies and pharmacists shall use to provide PC during the pandemic. Results Community pharmacy management teams shall support PC services by providing adequate supply of COVID-19 related medications and preventative products, following environment regulations, and providing sufficient staff trainings. Pharmacists shall use various approaches to provide PC services in drug dispensing, consulting and referrals, chronic disease management, safe use of infusions, patient education, home care guidance and psychological support to promote the COVID-19 pandemic control and ensure safe medication use of community patients during the pandemic. Conclusion PC services in communities during the COVID-19 shall possess different properties due to disease characteristics and related patients' need. Community pharmacies shall work as a strong supporter of patient's medication and protective equipment supply. Community pharmacists shall be prepared to provide skilled and effective PC services for community patient population to ensure medication safety and promote the overall COVID-19 pandemic control.
JO  - Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.sapharm.2020.03.012
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1551741120302849 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1551741120302849
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Community pharmacists and communication in the time of COVID-19: Applying the health belief model
AU  - Carico, Ronald “Ron”
AU  - Sheppard, Jordan
AU  - Thomas, C. Borden
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The emergence of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic presents an unprecedented health communications challenge. Healthcare providers should reinforce behaviors that limit the spread of the pandemic, including social distancing and remaining in the home whenever possible. Formal communications toolkits may not be prepared in a timely fashion. Community pharmacists can reinforce mitigation behaviors by applying the health belief model (HBM). This commentary provides an overview of the HBM and offers suggestions on how community pharmacists can use it as a guide to patient communication in these uncertain contexts.
JO  - Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2020.03.017
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S155174112030293X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Audio Interview: Practical Measures to Help Prevent Covid-19
AU  - Rubin, Eric J.
AU  - Baden, Lindsey R.
AU  - Morrissey, Stephen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Practical Measures to Help Prevent Covid-19 In this audio interview conducted on March 25, 2020, the editors discuss transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and how to prevent it, particularly in at-risk health...
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 382
IS  - 13
PG  - e32-e32
SP  - e32
EP  - e32
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMe2006742
UR  - http://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMe2006742
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus pandemic threatens launch of world's most-expensive telescope
AU  - Witze, Alexandra
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00868-x
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus latest: Global infections cross the half-million mark
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00154-w
UR  - http://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00154-w
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Can early and high intravenous dose of vitamin C prevent and treat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)?
AU  - Cheng, Richard Z.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Medicine in Drug Discovery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 100028-100028
SP  - 100028
EP  - 100028
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medidd.2020.100028
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590098620300154
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Hyperglycemia and the novel Covid-19 infection: possible pathophysiologic mechanisms
AU  - Ilias, Ioannis
AU  - Zabuliene, Lina
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Medical Hypotheses
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 109699-109699
SP  - 109699
EP  - 109699
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109699
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306987720303947
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Another Day in Dystopia. Italy in the Time of COVID-19
AU  - Raffaetà, Roberta
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Medical Anthropology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/01459740.2020.1746300
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/01459740.2020.1746300
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19, Risk, Fear, and Fall-out
AU  - Manderson, Lenore
AU  - Levine, Susan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Medical Anthropology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/01459740.2020.1746301
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/01459740.2020.1746301
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The COVID-19 Pandemic: Making Sense of Rumor and Fear
AU  - Ali, Inayat
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Medical Anthropology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/01459740.2020.1745481
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/01459740.2020.1745481
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Acute Leukemia in the Time of COVID-19
AU  - Gavillet, Mathilde
AU  - Klappert, Jeanette Carr
AU  - Spertini, Olivier
AU  - Blum, Sabine
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Leukemia Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 106353-106353
SP  - 106353
EP  - 106353
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leukres.2020.106353
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0145212620300588
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Everything old is new again: COVID-19 and public health
AU  - Vessey, Judith A.
AU  - Betz, Cecily L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Pediatric Nursing
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.pedn.2020.03.014
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0882596320302050 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0882596320302050
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Geriatric Care during Public Health Emergencies: Lessons Learned from Novel Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19) Pandemic
AU  - Mazumder, Hoimonty
AU  - Hossain, Md Mahbub
AU  - Das, Anupom
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Gerontological Social Work
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/01634372.2020.1746723
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/01634372.2020.1746723
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Are patients with inflammatory bowel disease at increased risk for Covid-19 infection?
AU  - Monteleone, Giovanni
AU  - Ardizzone, Sandro
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Crohn’s disease (CD)] and ulcerative colitis (UC), the main inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) in human beings, are chronic, immune-inflammatory diseases, whose pathogenesis implicates a complex interaction between environmental factors and genetic susceptibility. These disabling conditions affect millions of individuals and, together with the drugs used to treat them, can put patients at risk of developing complications and other conditions. This is particularly relevant nowadays, as coronavirus disease (Covid-19) has rapidly spread from China to countries where IBD are more prevalent and there is convincing evidence that Covid-19-mediated morbidity and mortality are higher in subjects with comorbidities. The primary objectives of this Viewpoint are to provide a focused overview of the factors and mechanisms by which the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infects the cells and to illustrate the link between such determinants and the intestinal inflammation. We also provide clues about the reasons why the overall IBD population might have no increased risk to be infected with SARS-CoV-2 and highlight the potential of cytokine blockers, used to treat IBD patients, to prevent Covid-driven pneumonia.
JO  - Journal of Crohn's and Colitis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjaa061
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/ecco-jcc/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjaa061/5811674
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - High-Resolution Computed Tomography Manifestations of 5 Pediatric Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus
AU  - Liu, Mengqi
AU  - Song, Zongbiao
AU  - Xiao, Kaihu
PY  - 9000
PD  - 
N2  - We present clinical and chest computed tomography (CT) features of 5 cases of pediatric patients with 2019 novel coronavirus. Two patients had fever and dry cough, whereas the rest of 3 patients were asymptomatic. Three patients had unilateral ground glass opacities with or without consolidation in the subpleural region on high-resolution chest CT, 1 patient had bilateral ground glass opacities, and 1 patient was negative for CT. We note that up to 66.7% asymptomatic patients had pulmonary lesions, so the asymptomatic children with Wuhan contact are recommended to do a 2019 novel coronavirus real-time fluorescence polymerase chain reaction screening. Unlike adult patients, only a small amount of patients had multilobes affected, so we speculate that the pediatric patients generally have milder CT findings than adults. Received for publication February 22, 2020; accepted February 25, 2020. Correspondence to: Kaihu Xiao, MS, Department of Cardiology, Chongqing Three Gorges Central Hospital, 165 Xincheng Road, Wanzhou District, Chongqing 404000, China (e-mail: xiaokh1@163.com). The authors declare no conflict of interest. Copyright © 2020 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Publish Ahead of Print
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00004728-900000000-99037
DO  - 10.1097/rct.0000000000001023
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/jcat/Fulltext/publishahead/High_Resolution_Computed_Tomography_Manifestations.99037.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Working through the COVID-19 outbreak: Rapid review and recommendations for MSK and allied heath personnel
AU  - Viswanath, Aparna
AU  - Monga, Puneet
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has caused the world to undergo unprecedented change in a short space of time. This disease has devastated the economy, infringed personal freedom, and has taken a toll on healthcare systems worldwide. This review aims to highlight aspects of this pandemic with a specific emphasis on musculoskeletal work within the secondary care setting.
JO  - Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcot.2020.03.014
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0976566220300977
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Neonatal Early-Onset Infection With SARS-CoV-2 in 33 Neonates Born to Mothers With COVID-19 in Wuhan, China
AU  - Zeng, Lingkong
AU  - Xia, Shiwen
AU  - Yuan, Wenhao
AU  - Yan, Kai
AU  - Xiao, Feifan
AU  - Shao, Jianbo
AU  - Zhou, Wenhao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA Pediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.0878
UR  - https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapediatrics/fullarticle/2763787
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - An Acute Respiratory Infection Runs Into the Most Common Noncommunicable Epidemic-COVID-19 and Cardiovascular Diseases
AU  - Yang, Chengzhi
AU  - Jin, Zening
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA cardiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jamacardio.2020.0934
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Antibodies in Infants Born to Mothers With COVID-19 Pneumonia
AU  - Zeng, Hui
AU  - Xu, Chen
AU  - Fan, Junli
AU  - Tang, Yueting
AU  - Deng, Qiaoling
AU  - Zhang, Wei
AU  - Long, Xinghua
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.4861
UR  - https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2763854
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preserving Clinical Trial Integrity During the Coronavirus Pandemic
AU  - McDermott, Mary M.
AU  - Newman, Anne B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.4689
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Postacute Care Preparedness for COVID-19: Thinking Ahead
AU  - Grabowski, David C.
AU  - Joynt Maddox, Karen E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.4686
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Application of personal-oriented digital technology in preventing transmission of COVID-19, China
AU  - Pan, Xiao-Ben
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We reported several personal-oriented and mobile phone-based information technologies which were recently developed and widely used during the outbreak of COVID-19 in China. These technologies help reduce the transmission of COVID-19 and maintain normal social order.
JO  - Irish Journal of Medical Science (1971 -)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11845-020-02215-5
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11845-020-02215-5
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemiology and clinical course of viral respiratory infections in children aged 0-5 years
AU  - Nitsch-Osuch, A.
AU  - Gyrczuk, E.
AU  - Topczewska-Cabanek, A.
AU  - Kanecki, K.
AU  - Brydak, L.
PY  - 2016
PD  - 
N2  - Viral respiratory tract infections are a major cause of outpatient and hospital admissions among young children. The aim of the study was to describe the incidence and the course of viral respiratory infections in children aged 0-5 years. Material and methods. The total number of 114 children was included into the study. All patients presented influenza-like symptoms and were examined for the presence of 12 viruses. Nosopharyngeal swabs were tested with RT-PCR method for: influenza A virus, influenza B virus, parainfluenza 1, parainfluenza 2, parainfluenza 3 virus, rhinovirus, metapneumovirus, adenowirus, RSV A, RSV B virus and two coronaviruses: OC43 and 229E/NL63. Results. The viral etiology of respiratory tract infection was confirmed in 72 children (62%), in 62 (54%) patients the disease was caused by a single etiological agent, while in 9 (8%) patients there were viral coinfections. The most often found viruses were influenza A and B viruses (35 patients, 30%), and RSV infections (27 patients, 24%). Conclusions. Since influenza viruses are the most common etiological agents of respiratory tract infections in young children, it is strongly recommended to increase the influenza vaccine coverage rates among children younger than 5 years, as the vaccination is the most effective tool in the prevention of the disease.Copyright © 2016 Medpress. All rights reserved.
JO  - International Review of Allergology and Clinical Immunology in Family Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 22
IS  - 2
PG  - 72-80
SP  - 72
EP  - 80
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://medpress.com.pl/PE68798/2016-2/pass2/IR-2-2016-072.pdf http://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&PAGE=reference&D=emexb&NEWS=N&AN=2005146946
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - An Effective Model for the Outpatient Management of COVID-19
AU  - Xiao, Yuanyuan
AU  - Tan, Caixia
AU  - Duan, Juping
AU  - Wu, Anhua
AU  - Li, Chunhui
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/ice.2020.92
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/an-effective-model-for-the-outpatient-management-of-covid19/80517ED9CB8E44C34CC1D123A56D0BB4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Absence of contamination of personal protective equipment (PPE) by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
AU  - Ong, Sean Wei Xiang
AU  - Tan, Yian Kim
AU  - Sutjipto, Stephanie
AU  - Chia, Po Ying
AU  - Young, Barnaby Edward
AU  - Gum, Marcus
AU  - Lau, Sok Kiang
AU  - Chan, Monica
AU  - Vasoo, Shawn
AU  - Mendis, Shehara
AU  - Toh, Boon Kiat
AU  - Leong, Janice
AU  - Barkham, Timothy
AU  - Ang, Brenda Sze Peng
AU  - Tan, Boon Huan
AU  - Leo, Yee-Sin
AU  - Marimuthu, Kalisvar
AU  - Wong, Michelle Su Yen
AU  - Ng, Oon Tek
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-6
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/ice.2020.91
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/absence-of-contamination-of-personal-protective-equipment-ppe-by-severe-acute-respiratory-syndrome-coronavirus-2-sarscov2/EA37207FECDD23BE900526CEE5BA9430
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Renin-Angiotensin System Blockers and the COVID-19 Pandemic: At Present There Is No Evidence to Abandon Renin-Angiotensin System Blockers
AU  - Danser, A. H. Jan
AU  - Epstein, Murray
AU  - Batlle, Daniel
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - During the spread of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2, some reports of data still emerging and in need of full analysis indicate that certain groups of patients are at risk of COVID-19. This includes patients with hypertension, heart disease, diabetes mellitus, and clearly the elderly. Many of those patients are treated with reninangiotensin system blockers. Because the ACE2 (angiotensin-converting enzyme 2) protein is the receptor that facilitates coronavirus entry into cells, the notion has been popularized that treatment with renin-angiotensin system blockers might increase the risk of developing a severe and fatal severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infection. The present article discusses this concept. ACE2 in its full-length form is a membrane-bound enzyme, whereas its shorter (soluble) form circulates in blood at very low levels. As a mono-carboxypeptidase, ACE2 contributes to the degradation of several substrates including angiotensins I and II. ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) inhibitors do not inhibit ACE2 because ACE and ACE2 are different enzymes. Although angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers have been shown to upregulate ACE2 in experimental animals, the evidence is not always consistent and differs among the diverse angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers and differing organs. Moreover, there are no data to support the notion that ACE inhibitor or angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker administration facilitates coronavirus entry by increasing ACE2 expression in either animals or humans. Indeed, animal data support elevated ACE2 expression as conferring potential protective pulmonary and cardiovascular effects. In summary, based on the currently available evidence, treatment with renin-angiotensin system blockers should not be discontinued because of concerns with coronavirus infection.
JO  - Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - HYPERTENSIONAHA12015082-HYPERTENSIONAHA12015082
SP  - HYPERTENSIONAHA12015082
EP  - HYPERTENSIONAHA12015082
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.120.15082
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Trial of Chloroquine in the Treatment of Corona Virus Disease 2019 （COVID-19） and Its Research Progress in Forensic Toxicology
AU  - Duan, Y. J.
AU  - Liu, Q.
AU  - Zhao, S. Q.
AU  - Huang, F.
AU  - Ren, L.
AU  - Liu, L.
AU  - Zhou, Y. W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Chloroquine is a long-established prescription drug that is often used clinically to treat malaria and connective tissue diseases. Since December 2019, COVID-19 （corona virus disease 2019） outbreaks caused by SARS-CoV-2 （severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2） has occurred in China and many countries around the world. Due to the lack of drugs against COVID-19, the disease spreads rapidly and the mortality rate is relatively high. Therefore, specific drugs against SARS-CoV-2 need to be quickly screened. The antimalarial drug Chloroquine phosphate which has already been approved is confirmed to have an anti-SARS-CoV-2 effect and has been included in diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines. However, awareness of the risk of chloroquine phosphate causing acute poisoning or even death should be strengthened. The dosage used according to current clinical recommended dosage and course of treatment are larger than that of previous treatment of malaria. Many provinces have required close clinical monitoring of adverse reactions. This paper reviews the pharmacological effects, poisoning and toxicological mechanisms, in vivo metabolism and distribution, and forensic issues of chloroquine drugs, in order to provide help to forensic practice and clinical work.
JO  - Fa yi xue za zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 36
IS  - 2
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2020.02.001
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Retrospective Analysis of 61 Cases of Children Died of Viral Pneumonia
AU  - Chen, X. B.
AU  - Du, S. H.
AU  - Lu, J. C.
AU  - Tan, X. H.
AU  - Li, D. R.
AU  - Yue, X.
AU  - Wang, Q.
AU  - Wang, H. J.
AU  - Qiao, D. F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To retrospectively analyze the forensic and pathological postmortem examination and clinical data of children who died of viral pneumonia in identification of cause of death cases and to discuss the clinical characteristics and pathological features of viral pneumonia in children, in order to provide reference to pathological diagnosis of viral pneumonia in children caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 （SARS-CoV-2） infection. Methods In this study, postmortem examination data from the institute of 61 cases of children whose cause of death were identified as viral pneumonia in recent years were collected. The gender, age, clinical symptoms and pathological features were comparatively analyzed. Results Among the 61 cases of children who died of viral pneumonia, most were within 2 years old （83.61%）, and a large proportion died within 2 weeks after the onset of the disease （91.80%）. General changes in postmortem examination included respiratory mucosal hyperemia, pleural effusion, pulmonary swelling, variegated pulmonary pleura and serosa, focal hemorrhage and edema of the cut surface of the lung. A large proportion of children had enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes （83.61%）, and 21.31% of children had thymic dysplasia. Histopathological changes included pulmonary alveoli and interstitial edema, pulmonary hemorrhage, alveolar epithelial shedding, serous and （or） fibrous exudation in the alveoli, formation of viral inclusions, formation of transparent membranes, infiltration of inflammatory cells that mainly consisted of macrophages and lymphocytes in interstitial substance and alveoli. Viral infections often affected the heart and gastrointestinal tract. Conclusion The clinical symptoms of children with viral pneumonia are difficult to notice, and because their immune system is not fully developed and they have poor autoimmunity, they can easily get into a critical condition and even die. Through analysis of the characteristics of forensic autopsy and histopathological changes, this study could provide reference for pathological diagnosis of viral pneumonia.
JO  - Fa yi xue za zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 36
IS  - 2
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2020.02.002
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Estimating the infection and case fatality ratio for coronavirus disease (COVID-19) using age-adjusted data from the outbreak on the Diamond Princess cruise ship, February 2020
AU  - Russell, Timothy W.
AU  - Hellewell, Joel
AU  - Jarvis, Christopher I.
AU  - Zandvoort, Kevin van
AU  - Abbott, Sam
AU  - Ratnayake, Ruwan
AU  - group, Cmmid Covid-working
AU  - Flasche, Stefan
AU  - Eggo, Rosalind M.
AU  - Edmunds, W. John
AU  - Kucharski, Adam J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Eurosurveillance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 25
IS  - 12
PG  - 2000256
SP  - 2000256
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.12.2000256
UR  - https://eurosurveillance.org/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.12.2000256
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) Community Testing Team in Scotland: A 14-day review, 6 to 20 February 2020
AU  - Mark, Kate
AU  - Steel, Katie
AU  - Stevenson, Janet
AU  - Evans, Christine
AU  - McCormick, Duncan
AU  - Willocks, Lorna
AU  - McCallum, Alison
AU  - Jones, Laura
AU  - Johannessen, Ingolfur
AU  - Templeton, Kate
AU  - Koch, Oliver
AU  - Mackintosh, Claire
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Eurosurveillance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 25
IS  - 12
PG  - 2000217
SP  - 2000217
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.12.2000217
UR  - https://eurosurveillance.org/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.12.2000217
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus disease 2019: initial chest CT findings
AU  - Zhou, Zhiming
AU  - Guo, Dajing
AU  - Li, Chuanming
AU  - Fang, Zheng
AU  - Chen, Linli
AU  - Yang, Ran
AU  - Li, Xiang
AU  - Zeng, Wenbing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVES: To systematically analyze CT findings during the early and progressive stages of natural course of coronavirus disease 2019 and also to explore possible changes in pulmonary parenchymal abnormalities during these two stages. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the initial chest CT data of 62 confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 patients (34 men, 28 women; age range 20-91 years old) who did not receive any antiviral treatment between January 21 and February 4, 2020, in Chongqing, China. Patients were assigned to the early-stage group (onset of symptoms within 4 days) or progressive-stage group (onset of symptoms within 4-7 days) for analysis. CT characteristics and the distribution, size, and CT score of pulmonary parenchymal abnormalities were assessed. RESULTS: In our study, the major characteristic of coronavirus disease 2019 was ground-glass opacity (61.3%), followed by ground-glass opacity with consolidation (35.5%), rounded opacities (25.8%), a crazy-paving pattern (25.8%), and an air bronchogram (22.6%). No patient presented cavitation, a reticular pattern, or bronchial wall thickening. The CT scores of the progressive-stage group were significantly greater than those of the early-stage group (p = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS: Multiple ground-glass opacities with consolidations in the periphery of the lungs were the primary CT characteristic of coronavirus disease 2019. CT score can be used to evaluate the severity of the disease. If these typical alterations are found, then the differential diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 must be considered. KEY POINTS: • Multiple GGOs with consolidations in the periphery of the lungs were the primary CT characteristic of COVID-19. • The halo sign may be a special CT feature in the early-stage COVID-19 patients. • Significantly increased CT score may indicate the aggravation of COVID-19 in the progressive stage.
JO  - European radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00330-020-06816-7
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Brief report of the first cured 2019-nCoV pneumonia patient in West China Hospital
AU  - Chen, En-Qiang
AU  - Wang, Li-Chun
AU  - Tang, Guang-Min
AU  - Yang, Yao
AU  - Wang, Min-Jin
AU  - Deng, Rong
AU  - Chen, Fang
AU  - Wang, Meng-Lan
AU  - Tao, Ya-Chao
AU  - Feng, Ping
AU  - Tang, Hong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases 2020
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/S10096-020-03866-Z
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus and Environmental Engineering Science
AU  - Haas, Charles N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Environmental Engineering Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - ees.2020.0096-ees.2020.0096
SP  - ees.2020.0096
EP  - ees.2020.0096
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1089/ees.2020.0096
UR  - https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/ees.2020.0096
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Suggestions for infection prevention and control in digestive endoscopy during current 2019-nCoV pneumonia outbreak in Wuhan, Hubei province, China
AU  - Zhang, Yafei
AU  - Zhang, Xiaodan
AU  - Liu, Lan
AU  - Wang, Hongling
AU  - Zhao, Qiu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Endoscopy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 52
IS  - 4
PG  - 312-314
SP  - 312
EP  - 314
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1055/a-1128-4313
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Trust in humanitarian aid from the earthquake 2017 to COVID-19 in Iran: A policy analysis
AU  - Seddighi, Hamed
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - The earthquake of November 2017, the great flood of April 2019, and the COVID-19 outbreak in 2020 are three major emergencies in Iran during the last three years. A common issue in all these crises seems to be the issue of “trust”.Official authorities including Iranian President, ministers, and the Judiciary system tried to gain people's trust by either changing policies or developing new ones. In August 2019, the new law on crisis management in Iran went into effect and the issue of people donation has been considered too. Also, in their response to COVID-19 outbreak, Iranian officials ordered to all sectors to cooperate with Ministry of Health and provide it with all necessary facilities.Therefore, it seems that new policies are still needed to overcome mistrust in Iran at the times of emergency. Developing a policy on donation management was the first step, while there are several factors could have contributing to the perception of the mistrust and failure in emergency missions. Mistrust can be the result of different causes including but not limited to lack of knowledge on capabilities and efficiencies of humanitarian organizations, engagement of a wide range of organizations from different categories, extending of mistrust of an organization to other emergency organizations in the area or all of operation, lack of unity in emergency response; and poor public relations.
JO  - Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-9
SP  - 1
EP  - 9
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/dmp.2020.54
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/trust-in-humanitarian-aid-from-the-earthquake-2017-to-covid19-in-iran-a-policy-analysis/9098FA7DE604CB2054301DB39100ADF2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preliminary Recommendations for Surgical Practice of Neurosurgery Department in the Central Epidemic Area of 2019 Coronavirus Infection
AU  - Tan, Yu-tang
AU  - Wang, Jun-wen
AU  - Zhao, Kai
AU  - Han, Lin
AU  - Zhang, Hua-qiu
AU  - Niu, Hong-quan
AU  - Shu, Kai
AU  - Lei, Ting
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, an outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has posed significant threats to the public health and life in China. Unlike the other 6 identified coronaviruses, the SARS-Cov-2 has a high infectious rate, a long incubation period and a variety of manifestations. In the absence of effective treatments for the virus, it becomes extremely urgent to develop scientific and standardized proposals for prevention and control of virus transmission. Hereby we focused on the surgical practice in Neurosurgery Department, Tongji Hospital, Wuhan, and drafted several recommendations based on the latest relevant guidelines and our experience. These recommendations have helped us until now to achieve ‘zero infection’ of doctors and nurses in our department, we would like to share them with other medical staff of neurosurgery to fight 2019-nCoV infection.
JO  - Current Medical Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11596-020-2173-5
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11596-020-2173-5
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Is There an Association Between COVID-19 Mortality and the Renin-Angiotensin System—a Call for Epidemiologic Investigations | Clinical Infectious Diseases | Oxford Academic
AU  - Thomas C Hanff, M. D. M. P. H. Michael O. Harhay Ph D. M. P. H. Tyler S. Brown M. D. Jordana B. Cohen M. D. M. S. C. E. Amir M. Mohareb M. D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Mortality from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is strongly associated with cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and hypertension. These disorders share underlying pathophysiology related to the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) that may be clinically insightful. In particular, activity of the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is dysregulated in cardiovascular disease, and this enzyme is used by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) to initiate the infection. Cardiovascular disease and pharmacologic RAS inhibition both increase ACE2 levels, which may increase the virulence of SARS-CoV-2 within the lung and heart. Conversely, mechanistic evidence from related coronaviruses suggests that SARS-CoV-2 infection may downregulate ACE2, leading to toxic overaccumulation of Angiotensin II that induces acute respiratory distress syndrome and fulminant myocarditis. RAS inhibition could mitigate this effect. With conflicting mechanistic evidence, we propose key clinical research priorities necessary to clarify the role of RAS inhibition in COVID-19 mortality that could be rapidly addressed by the international research community.
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa329/5811880?searchresult=1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Simulation of the clinical and pathological manifestations of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in golden Syrian hamster model: implications for disease pathogenesis and transmissibility
AU  - Chan, Jasper Fuk-Woo
AU  - Zhang, Anna Jinxia
AU  - Yuan, Shuofeng
AU  - Poon, Vincent Kwok-Man
AU  - Chan, Chris Chung-Sing
AU  - Lee, Andrew Chak-Yiu
AU  - Chan, Wan-Mui
AU  - Fan, Zhimeng
AU  - Tsoi, Hoi-Wah
AU  - Wen, Lei
AU  - Liang, Ronghui
AU  - Cao, Jianli
AU  - Chen, Yanxia
AU  - Tang, Kaiming
AU  - Luo, Cuiting
AU  - Cai, Jian-Piao
AU  - Kok, Kin-Hang
AU  - Chu, Hin
AU  - Chan, Kwok-Hung
AU  - Sridhar, Siddharth
AU  - Chen, Zhiwei
AU  - Chen, Honglin
AU  - To, Kelvin Kai-Wang
AU  - Yuen, Kwok-Yung
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background A physiological small animal model that resembles COVID-19 with low mortality is lacking. Methods Molecular docking on the binding between angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) of common laboratory mammals and the receptor-binding domain of the surface spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 suggested that the golden Syrian hamster is an option. Virus challenge, contact transmission, and passive immunoprophylaxis were performed. Serial organ tissues and blood were harvested for histopathology, viral load and titre, chemokine/cytokine assay, and neutralising antibody titre. Results The Syrian hamster could be consistently infected by SARS-CoV-2. Maximal clinical signs of rapid breathing, weight loss, histopathological changes from the initial exudative phase of diffuse alveolar damage with extensive apoptosis to the later proliferative phase of tissue repair, airway and intestinal involvement with virus nucleocapsid protein expression, high lung viral load, and spleen and lymphoid atrophy associated with marked cytokine activation were observed within the first week of virus challenge. The lung virus titre was between 105-107 TCID50/g. Challenged index hamsters consistently infected naïve contact hamsters housed within the same cage, resulting in similar pathology but not weight loss. All infected hamsters recovered and developed mean serum neutralising antibody titre ≥1:427 fourteen days post-challenge. Immunoprophylaxis with early convalescent serum achieved significant decrease in lung viral load but not in lung pathology. No consistent non-synonymous adaptive mutation of the spike was found in viruses isolated from infected hamsters. Conclusions Besides satisfying the Koch’s postulates, this readily available hamster model is an important tool for studying transmission, pathogenesis, treatment, and vaccination against SARS-CoV-2.
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa325
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa325/5811871
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Applying the Lessons of Influenza to Coronavirus During a Time of Uncertainty
AU  - Vardeny, Orly
AU  - Madjid, Mohammad
AU  - Solomon, Scott D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Circulation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.046837
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The appropriate position of radiology in COVID-19 diagnosis and treatment—current status and opinion from China
AU  - Xue, Huadan
AU  - Jin, Zhengyu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Chinese Journal of Academic Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s42058-020-00030-6
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s42058-020-00030-6
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Comparison of Hospitalized Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Caused by COVID-19 and H1N1
AU  - Tang, Xiao
AU  - Du, Ronghui
AU  - Wang, Rui
AU  - Cao, Tanze
AU  - Guan, Lulu
AU  - Yang, Chengqing
AU  - Zhu, Qi
AU  - Hu, Ming
AU  - Li, Xuyan
AU  - Li, Ying
AU  - Liang, Lirong
AU  - Tong, Zhaohui
AU  - Sun, Bing
AU  - Peng, Peng
AU  - Shi, Huanzhong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background Since the outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China in December 2019, considerable attention has been focused on its elucidation. However, it is also important for clinicians and epidemiologists to differentiate COVID-19 from other respiratory infectious diseases, such as influenza viruses. Research question The aim of the study was to explore the different clinical presentations between COVID-19 and influenza A (H1N1) pneumonia in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Study Design and Methods: This was a retrospective case-control study. We compared two independent cohorts of ARDS patients infected with either COVID-19 (n=73) or H1N1 (n=75). We analyzed and compared their clinical manifestations, imaging characteristics, treatments, and prognosis. Results The median age of COVID-19 patients was higher than that of H1N1 patients, and there was a higher proportion of males among COVID-19 patients (p<0.05). COVID-19 patients exhibited higher proportions of non-productive coughs, fatigue, and gastrointestinal symptoms than those of H1N1 patients (p<0.05). H1N1 patients had higher sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) scores than COVID-19 patients (p<0.05). The PaO2/FiO2 of 198.2 mmHg in COVID-19 patients was significantly higher than the PaO2/FiO2 of 107.0 mmHg of H1N1 patients (p<0.001). Ground-glass opacities was more common in COVID-19 patients than in H1N1 patients (p<0.001). There was a greater variety of antiviral therapies administered to COVID-19 patients than to H1N1 patients. The in-hospital mortality of COVID-19 patients was 28.8%, while that of H1N1 patients was 34.7% (p=0.483). SOFA-score adjusted mortality of H1N1 patients was significantly higher than that of COVID-19 patients with the rate ratio was 2.009 (95% CI [1.563, 2.583], p<0.001). Interpretation There were many differences between COVID-19 and H1N1-induced ARDS patients in clinical presentations. Compared with H1N1, patients with COVID-19 induced ARDS had lower severity of illness scores at presentation and lower SOFA-score adjusted mortality.
JO  - Chest
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2020.03.032
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012369220305584
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Challenges Basic Researchers
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As COVID-19 continues to surge, cancer scientists engaged in basic research face unique challenges. At centers throughout the United States, investigators are confronting difficult decisions about which experiments to continue, while securing supplies and creating contingency plans for a complete shutdown.
JO  - Cancer discovery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1158/2159-8290.CD-NB2020-018
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Practical considerations for performing regional anesthesia: lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Lie, Sui An
AU  - Wong, Sook Wai
AU  - Wong, Loong Tat
AU  - Wong, Theodore Gar Ling
AU  - Chong, Shin Yuet
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization on 11 March 2020 because of its rapid worldwide spread. In the operating room, as part of hospital outbreak response measures, anesthesiologists are required to have heightened precautions and tailor anesthetic practices to individual patients. In particular, by minimizing the many aerosol-generating procedures performed during general anesthesia, anesthesiologists can reduce exposure to patients' respiratory secretions and the risk of perioperative viral transmission to healthcare workers and other patients. To avoid any airway manipulation, regional anesthesia should be considered whenever surgery is planned for a suspect or confirmed COVID-19 patient or any patient who poses an infection risk. Regional anesthesia has benefits of preservation of respiratory function, avoidance of aerosolization and hence viral transmission. This article explores the practical considerations and recommended measures for performing regional anesthesia in this group of patients, focusing on control measures geared towards ensuring patient and staff safety, equipment protection, and infection prevention. By doing so, we hope to address an issue that may have downstream implications in the way we practice infection control in anesthesia, with particular relevance to this new era of emerging infectious diseases and novel pathogens. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is not the first, and certainly will not be the last novel virus that will lead to worldwide outbreaks. Having a well thought out regional anesthesia plan to manage these patients in this new normal will ensure the best possible outcome for both the patient and the perioperative management team.
JO  - Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie
PB  - 
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VL  - 
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PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12630-020-01637-0
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: medical students should not work outside their competency, says BMA
AU  - Harvey, Anna
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1197-m1197
SP  - m1197
EP  - m1197
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1197
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The world’s largest refugee camp prepares for covid-19
AU  - Vince, Gaia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Nearly a million refugees live in overcrowded conditions in the camps of south Bangladesh. Gaia Vince reports on the growing fears of an imminent, catastrophic outbreak of covid-19 Bangladesh, with its 168 million inhabitants, is one of the poorest and most densely populated countries in the world. Millions live cheek by jowl in slums, where 10 or more households share a toilet. People move around the country on packed buses, and still throng to markets and mosques. Last week, for instance, tens of thousands gathered in a field to pray for an end to covid-19. On 26 March the government imposed a lockdown, including banning public transport, in a bid to combat the growing pandemic, although hundreds of workers have been crowding onto private vehicles, such as trucks, instead. Bangladesh has seen the number of confirmed cases of covid-19 rise above 39, with four known deaths. The south Asian nation responded earlier in March by banning flights, shutting down schools, and promoting hygiene and social distancing measures. With very limited testing, however, and only in the capital, Dhaka, the true number of cases is expected to be far higher, and the low income nation’s capacity to treat critically ill patients is limited. And there’s one further factor—the overcrowded conditions of the world’s biggest refugee camp, located in Cox’s Bazar in the far south east of Bangladesh. The second poorest district in the country, Cox’s Bazar is home to over 855 000 Rohingya refugees from neighbouring Myanmar (former Burma), as well as visiting aid workers.1 The refugees are survivors of a massacre, carried out by Myanmar’s military, of the country’s minority Muslim population. The refugees live on a hastily deforested hillside, …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
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VL  - 368
IS  - 
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EP  - m1205
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1205
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1205
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Doctors’ wellbeing: self-care during the covid-19 pandemic
AU  - Unadkat, Shreena
AU  - Farquhar, Michael
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1150-m1150
SP  - m1150
EP  - m1150
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1150
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1150
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: FDA approves use of convalescent plasma to treat critically ill patients
AU  - Tanne, Janice Hopkins
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The US Food and Drug Administration has approved the use of plasma from recovered patients to treat people who are critically ill with covid-19, provided that doctors get approval over the telephone.1 The method has been used in the past to treat diseases such as polio, measles, and mumps, in the 1918 flu epidemic, and in previous outbreaks of respiratory infections similar to covid-19. The FDA’s decision came a day after the New York state governor, Andrew Cuomo, said that the state’s health department would begin to treat critically …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
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VL  - 368
IS  - 
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SP  - m1256
EP  - m1256
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1256
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1256
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: India imposes lockdown for 21 days and cases rise
AU  - Pulla, Priyanka
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The Indian government has announced a countrywide lockdown for three weeks starting at midnight on 24 March to slow the spread of covid-19 as the number of people testing positive in the country reached 563. Although most of these people had contact with travellers returning from countries affected by covid-19, a few had no such link, suggesting that community transmission may have begun in some Indian states. Prime minister Narendra Modi announced that all government offices would be shut for 21 days, except essential services such as the fire service, police, and hospitals. Several experts have welcomed the move, although it could result in food shortages and hurt those in the unorganised workforce. Gagandeep Kang, executive director of Faridabad’s Translational Health Sciences and Technology Institute, wrote on Twitter that the lockdown was the “right move, just in time.” …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
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VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1251-m1251
SP  - m1251
EP  - m1251
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1251
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1251
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: doctors’ leaders warn that staff could quit and may die over lack of protective equipment
AU  - Newman, Melanie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The BMA has called the shortage of personal protection equipment (PPE) across the NHS “totally unacceptable” and warned the government that without proper kits some doctors treating patients with covid-19 may die. Chaand Nagpaul, the BMA’s Chair of Council, has called for the government to be transparent about the level of supplies it has. The Royal College of GPs has also raised concerns about the protective kits being provided to primary care staff and has called for guidance on how and when they should be using PPE during patient consultations. Reports from BMA members suggest that, in general, supplies of PPE were not getting through to frontline NHS staff, or if they were it was in small amounts, was rationed, or was not offering enough protection In response to a call for doctors’ experiences of getting PPE, one told the BMA, “Coughed on by covid patients all day today. No visors available. Tomorrow I’m borrowing my nine year old’s safety specs she got in a science party bag. I wish this was actually a joke.” Nagpaul said, “A construction worker wouldn’t be allowed to work without a hard hat and proper boots. Even a …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
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VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1257-m1257
SP  - m1257
EP  - m1257
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1257
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1257
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: what treatments are being investigated?
AU  - Mahase, Elisabeth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - With no current specific treatment for covid-19, the race is on to develop or repurpose drugs to help end the epidemic. The World Health Organization has now launched the SOLIDARITY trial to investigate four potential treatments: remdesivir, chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine; lopinavir and ritonavir; and lopinavir and ritonavir plus interferon-β.1 The trial will not be double blind, as WHO said it needed to find a balance between gold standard research practice and speed, but it will include thousands of patients from several countries. These are not, however, the only treatments being considered for covid-19. Here is a breakdown of the drugs that have been suggested so far. This is the drug that US president Donald Trump has declared “very powerful” with “very, very encouraging early results.” After a request from the US government, pharmaceutical company Teva has agreed to donate more than six million doses of hydroxychloroquine sulfate tablets—a less toxic metabolite of chloroquine—to hospitals across the country.2 Chloroquine is approved to treat malaria and rheumatoid arthritis. While it has previously been tested in vitro against a number of viruses, including SARS, and found to inhibit growth, no benefit has been seen in animal models.3 In a limited way, the drug has been tested against SARS-CoV-2—the cause of covid-19—and has reportedly been found “highly effective,” although the evidence is still limited, with much of the data unpublished.45 Andrew Preston, reader in microbial pathogenesis at the University of Bath, said that while the early results are “promising” they have “yet to be fully scrutinised, and, of course, it is essential to conduct …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1252-m1252
SP  - m1252
EP  - m1252
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1252
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1252
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: Gilead withdraws orphan drug designation from potential treatment after criticism
AU  - Mahase, Elisabeth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has withdrawn orphan drug designation from a potential covid-19 treatment, after criticism that treating covid-19 as a rare disease was “disingenuous.” Pharmaceutical company Gilead requested that the FDA withdraw the designation—which was set to give the company a longer exclusivity period (seven years instead of five) and significant tax incentives—just days after it was given.1 Remdesivir, which works to inhibit viral replication, is a drug currently being investigated as a potential treatment for covid-19 through several …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1259-m1259
SP  - m1259
EP  - m1259
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1259
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1259
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: Don’t forget the impact on US family physicians
AU  - Kamerow, Douglas
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As covid-19 continues its exponential growth in parts of the United States, we have heard a great deal in the media about brave, exhausted emergency room doctors and staff.1 2 Very little that I have seen, however, has focused on a much larger group of doctors who are also on the front lines of the war against covid-19: those who deliver primary care. In the US there are more than twice as many family doctors as ER doctors and almost three times as many pediatricians, most of whom work exclusively in primary care.3 Altogether there are more than five times more primary care doctors than ER doctors, and that is not counting general internists, many of whom in the US are …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1260-m1260
SP  - m1260
EP  - m1260
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1260
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1260
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: risk factors for severe disease and death
AU  - Jordan, Rachel E.
AU  - Adab, Peymane
AU  - Cheng, K. K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A long list is emerging from largely unadjusted analyses, with age near the top As the covid-19 pandemic accelerates, governments are warning people at high risk to be particularly stringent in observing social distancing measures because if they become ill they are more likely to need critical care including ventilation, and to die.1 Most data on covid-19 are from China, and although most confirmed cases have been classified as mild or moderate, 14% are severe and 5% critical.2 Case fatality rates are difficult to assess with certainty but could be as high as 1%,34 which is much greater than seasonal influenza at about 0.1%. Up to 25% of people in the United Kingdom are designated high risk—including all adults aged over 70 and those with underlying health conditions such as respiratory and cardiovascular disease, and cancer.5 Strict restrictions are now in place for everyone, reducing movement outside the home to an absolute minimum, except for essential workers.6 These measures will be in place for weeks, possibly …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1198-m1198
SP  - m1198
EP  - m1198
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1198
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1198
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: UK lockdown is “crucial” to saving lives, say doctors and scientists
AU  - Iacobucci, Gareth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1204-m1204
SP  - m1204
EP  - m1204
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1204
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1204
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: What is the UK’s testing strategy?
AU  - Iacobucci, Gareth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The NHS is using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing to determine which people currently have covid-19. This involves extracting RNA from a nose or throat swab sample through laboratory analysis. It has a high level of accuracy, and results take around a day to come through. But once a person has recovered the test can no longer tell if they have been infected. The other type of test, which Public Health England (PHE) says could be available to UK residents to use at home “within days,” subject to testing, detects antibodies in the blood. This test is designed to detect whether someone previously had the virus. Blood or plasma samples are inserted into a small plastic cassette-shaped device, and results are typically ready within 10 minutes. Aside from the speed of obtaining results, the UK’s chief scientific adviser, Patrick Vallance, said that antibody tests had the advantage of being able to detect infection in people without symptoms. But the tests are less sensitive and specific than PCR tests, so can produce more false positives and false negatives. Patients in hospital intensive care units with suspected covid-19 have been first priority, followed by people with severe respiratory illness …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1222-m1222
SP  - m1222
EP  - m1222
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1222
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1222
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: medical schools given powers to graduate final year students early to help NHS
AU  - Harvey, Anna
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Medical schools have been granted the power to graduate their students early to allow them to work for the NHS during the covid-19 pandemic, the BMA has said.1 This follows the surprise statement from the health secretary Matt Hancock on 24 March, in which he said that 5500 final year medical students would be on the wards by next week.2 Early graduation does not mean immediate, emergency registration with the General Medical Council, said communication from the BMA Medical Students Committee disseminated via social …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
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VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1227-m1227
SP  - m1227
EP  - m1227
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1227
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1227
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Europe’s migrant containment policies threaten the response to covid-19
AU  - Hargreaves, Sally
AU  - Kumar, Bernadette N.
AU  - McKee, Martin
AU  - Jones, Lucy
AU  - Veizis, Apostolos
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Policy makers must include migrant camps in their national plans The world has watched the growing global health crisis caused by covid-19 with alarm, fear, and desperation. One after another, governments, healthcare systems, and individuals are adopting increasingly restrictive measures, with “social distancing” now the norm in most countries. Yet for many people, and especially migrants who have been displaced from their homes, this is not possible. Several tens of thousands of people are living in migrant camps around the Mediterranean. These are often run well beyond capacity and in suboptimal conditions, including lack of basic infrastructure or hygiene, making them a high risk environment for coronavirus spread. Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) has called on the Greek government to immediately evacuate its camps, particularly older people and those with chronic diseases, so far without response.1 People held in immigration detention centres are also affected. Demands from 10 refugee and detention charities for UK detainees to be released on public health grounds have been ignored.2 And there are thousands of migrants forcibly detained along the north African coast, intercepted en route to Europe, living in appalling conditions and lacking food, …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
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VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1213-m1213
SP  - m1213
EP  - m1213
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1213
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1213
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Managing mental health challenges faced by healthcare workers during covid-19 pandemic
AU  - Greenberg, Neil
AU  - Docherty, Mary
AU  - Gnanapragasam, Sam
AU  - Wessely, Simon
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Neil Greenberg and colleagues set out measures that healthcare managers need to put in place to protect the mental health of healthcare staff having to make morally challenging decisions The covid-19 pandemic is likely to put healthcare professionals across the world in an unprecedented situation, having to make impossible decisions and work under extreme pressures. These decisions may include how to allocate scant resources to equally needy patients, how to balance their own physical and mental healthcare needs with those of patients, how to align their desire and duty to patients with those to family and friends, and how to provide care for all severely unwell patients with constrained or inadequate resources. This may cause some to experience moral injury or mental health problems. Moral injury, a term that originated in the military, can be defined as the psychological distress that results from actions, or the lack of them, which violate someone’s moral or ethical code.1 Unlike formal mental health conditions such as depression or post-traumatic stress disorder, moral injury is not a mental illness. But those who develop moral injuries are likely to experience negative thoughts about themselves or others (for example, “I am a terrible person” or “My bosses don’t care about people’s lives”) as well as intense feelings of shame, guilt, or disgust. These symptoms can contribute to the development of mental health difficulties, including depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, and even suicidal ideation.2 Equally, some people who have to contend with significant challenges, moral or traumatic, experience a degree of post-traumatic growth,3 a term used to describe a bolstering of psychological resilience, esteem, outlook, and values after exposure to highly challenging situations. Whether someone develops a psychological injury or experiences psychological growth is likely to be influenced by the way that they are supported …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1211-m1211
SP  - m1211
EP  - m1211
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1211
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1211
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: weathering the storm
AU  - Godlee, Fiona
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The UK is at last in near lockdown. While further measures may be needed, the government’s announcement on Monday 23 March has brought the country nearly into step with its European neighbours. If we are indeed only two weeks behind Italy, the peak of the covid-19 pandemic is on its way. There is an eerie calm, as when the sea recedes before the tsunami. Few of us can imagine what lies ahead. For some, especially in London, the wave has already hit. Intensive …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1199-m1199
SP  - m1199
EP  - m1199
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1199
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1199
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical characteristics of 113 deceased patients with coronavirus disease 2019: retrospective study
AU  - Chen, Tao
AU  - Wu, Di
AU  - Chen, Huilong
AU  - Yan, Weiming
AU  - Yang, Danlei
AU  - Chen, Guang
AU  - Ma, Ke
AU  - Xu, Dong
AU  - Yu, Haijing
AU  - Wang, Hongwu
AU  - Wang, Tao
AU  - Guo, Wei
AU  - Chen, Jia
AU  - Ding, Chen
AU  - Zhang, Xiaoping
AU  - Huang, Jiaquan
AU  - Han, Meifang
AU  - Li, Shusheng
AU  - Luo, Xiaoping
AU  - Zhao, Jianping
AU  - Ning, Qin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To delineate the clinical characteristics of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) who died. Design Retrospective case series. Setting Tongji Hospital in Wuhan, China. Participants Among a cohort of 799 patients, 113 who died and 161 who recovered with a diagnosis of covid-19 were analysed. Data were collected until 28 February 2020. Main outcome measures Clinical characteristics and laboratory findings were obtained from electronic medical records with data collection forms. Results The median age of deceased patients (68 years) was significantly older than recovered patients (51 years). Male sex was more predominant in deceased patients (83; 73%) than in recovered patients (88; 55%). Chronic hypertension and other cardiovascular comorbidities were more frequent among deceased patients (54 (48%) and 16 (14%)) than recovered patients (39 (24%) and 7 (4%)). Dyspnoea, chest tightness, and disorder of consciousness were more common in deceased patients (70 (62%), 55 (49%), and 25 (22%)) than in recovered patients (50 (31%), 48 (30%), and 1 (1%)). The median time from disease onset to death in deceased patients was 16 (interquartile range 12.0-20.0) days. Leukocytosis was present in 56 (50%) patients who died and 6 (4%) who recovered, and lymphopenia was present in 103 (91%) and 76 (47%) respectively. Concentrations of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatinine, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, cardiac troponin I, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide, and D-dimer were markedly higher in deceased patients than in recovered patients. Common complications observed more frequently in deceased patients included acute respiratory distress syndrome (113; 100%), type I respiratory failure (18/35; 51%), sepsis (113; 100%), acute cardiac injury (72/94; 77%), heart failure (41/83; 49%), alkalosis (14/35; 40%), hyperkalaemia (42; 37%), acute kidney injury (28; 25%), and hypoxic encephalopathy (23; 20%). Patients with cardiovascular comorbidity were more likely to develop cardiac complications. Regardless of history of cardiovascular disease, acute cardiac injury and heart failure were more common in deceased patients. Conclusion Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection can cause both pulmonary and systemic inflammation, leading to multi-organ dysfunction in patients at high risk. Acute respiratory distress syndrome and respiratory failure, sepsis, acute cardiac injury, and heart failure were the most common critical complications during exacerbation of covid-19.
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
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VL  - 368
IS  - 
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SP  - m1091
EP  - m1091
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1091
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1091
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Italian doctors call for protecting healthcare workers and boosting community surveillance during covid-19 outbreak
AU  - Anelli, Filippo
AU  - Leoni, Giovanni
AU  - Monaco, Roberto
AU  - Nume, Cosimo
AU  - Rossi, Roberto Carlo
AU  - Marinoni, Guido
AU  - Spata, Gianluigi
AU  - De Giorgi, Donato
AU  - Peccarisi, Luigi
AU  - Miani, Alessandro
AU  - Burgio, Ernesto
AU  - Gentile, Ivan
AU  - Colao, Annamaria
AU  - Triassi, Maria
AU  - Piscitelli, Prisco
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Italy is in a dramatic situation owing to the spread of covid-19,1 but we could do more to protect medical doctors and all hospital workers, including nurses, therapists, technicians, and support staff. Beyond the personal risks that doctors and healthcare workers are facing directly—highlighted by the death of general practitioner and national delegate for continuous medical education Roberto Stella in Varese—hospitals and medical personnel are a potential vehicle for spread of covid-19.2 The New England Journal of Medicine has reported on the huge proportion of infected …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
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VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1254-m1254
SP  - m1254
EP  - m1254
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1254
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1254
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Seven days in medicine: 18-24 March
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - ### NHS strikes major deal with private hospitals to boost capacity The NHS in England will benefit from an extra 8000 beds, almost 1200 more ventilators, and nearly 20 000 extra healthcare staff from this week to aid the fight against coronavirus, after NHS England reached agreement with independent hospitals to use their staff and capacity. Under the agreement the private sector will reallocate almost all of its national hospital capacity at the same time to the NHS. The private sector would be reimbursed “at cost,” meaning no profit would be made for doing so, said NHS England. ### UK government bans parallel export of “crucial” drugs The Department of Health and Social Care banned the parallel export out of the UK for more than 80 drugs commonly used to treat patients in NHS intensive care units. The action, a standard measure to manage potential drug shortages, will cover medicines such as adrenaline, insulin, paracetamol, and morphine. The measure is designed to ensure an “uninterrupted supply” of drugs for NHS hospitals treating patients with covid-19 and to prevent companies buying drugs meant for UK patients and selling them on for a higher price in another country. ### Chancellor pledges £2.9bn to boost care for most vulnerable The UK government pledged £2.9bn to protect and support the most vulnerable people in society and free up at least 15 000 hospital beds. The funding, announced by the chancellor, Rishi Sunak, in last week’s budget, will …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
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VL  - 368
IS  - 
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SP  - m1177
EP  - m1177
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1177
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1177
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chest CT Findings in a Pregnant Patient with 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease
AU  - Liao, Xinggui
AU  - Yang, Huan
AU  - Kong, Junfeng
AU  - Yang, Hongbing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Balkan medical journal
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2020.2020.3.89
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32212578
NS  - 
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Selection of reference genes for gene expression analysis by real-time qPCR in avian cells infected with infectious bronchitis virus
AU  - Batra, A.
AU  - Maier, H. J.
AU  - Fife, M. S.
PY  - 2017
PD  - 
N2  - Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) causes infectious bronchitis in poultry, a respiratory disease that is a source of major economic loss to the poultry industry. Detection and the study of the molecular pathogenesis of the virus often involve the use of real-time quantitative PCR assays (qPCR). To account for error within the experiments, the levels of target gene transcription are normalized to that of suitable reference genes. Despite publication of the MIQE (Minimum Information for Publication of Quantitative Real-Time PCR Experiments) guidelines in 2009, single un-tested reference genes are often used for normalization of qPCR assays in avian research studies. Here, we use the geNorm algorithm to identify suitable reference genes in different avian cell types during infection with apathogenic and pathogenic strains of IBV. We discuss the importance of selecting an appropriate experimental sample subset for geNorm analysis, and show the effect that this selection can have on resultant reference gene selection. The effects of inappropriate normalization on the transcription pattern of a cellular signalling gene, AKT1, and the interferon-inducible, MX1, were studied. We identify the possibility of the misinterpretation of qPCR data when an inappropriate normalization strategy is employed. This is most notable when measuring the transcription of AKT1, where changes are minimal during infection.
JO  - Avian pathology : journal of the W.V.P.A
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 46
IS  - 2
PG  - 173-180
SP  - 173
EP  - 180
AN  - 
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03079457.2016.1235258
UR  - http://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&PAGE=reference&D=emexb&NEWS=N&AN=616702703
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Early Vaccination of Chickens Induces Suboptimal Immunity Against Infectious Bronchitis Virus
AU  - Saiada, F.
AU  - Eldemery, F.
AU  - Zegpi, R. A.
AU  - Gulley, S. L.
AU  - Mishra, A.
AU  - Santen, V. L. V.
AU  - Toro, H.
PY  - 2019
PD  - 
N2  - Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is highly prevalent in broiler chickens despite extensive vaccination commonly conducted early after hatch. The effects of early vaccination on immune responses were further investigated in chickens primed at increasing ages, followed by booster vaccination with an attenuated Arkansas (Ark) Delmarva Poultry Industry-type vaccine. Results show that vaccination on day 1 of age elicits significantly lower systemic and mucosal antibody responses compared with vaccination at later time points in the life of the chicken. The increase of IBV antibodies in serum from secondary responses after booster vaccination was more dramatic and significantly higher when measured by an Ark spike subunit 1 protein ELISA compared with measuring by non-Ark serotype whole-virus ELISA, which underlines the immunogenic importance of the virus spike at inducing antibodies. However, the levels achieved following boosting did not differ significantly between ages of priming. Thus, it seems that the booster vaccination mitigated the differences detected after prime immunization. In contrast to the continued rise of systemic antibodies after booster vaccination, the levels of mucosal IBV-specific immunoglobulin A decreased after booster vaccination. The recruitment or expansion of cluster of differentiation (CD)4+, CD8+, and CD4+/CD8+ T-cell populations in different immune effector sites was increased with age, but remained unaltered by IBV vaccination. In contrast, peripheral blood CD4+ cells showed a significant increase in IBV-vaccinated chickens compared with nonvaccinated age-matched controls both after primary and booster immunization. The results of the current study confirm that IBV vaccination on the day of hatch induces suboptimal IBV immune responses both in the systemic and mucosal compartments. This routine practice may be contributing to the immunologic escape of the virus and increased persistence of vaccine virus in vaccinated chickens. However, booster vaccination seems to overcome poor initial responses.
JO  - Avian diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 63
IS  - 1
PG  - 38-47
SP  - 38
EP  - 47
AN  - 
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1637/11951-081418-Reg.1
UR  - http://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&PAGE=reference&D=emexb&NEWS=N&AN=628547351
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Maintenance Hemodialysis and Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Saving Lives With Caution, Care, and Courage
AU  - Wang, Huiming
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Kidney Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xkme.2020.03.003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590059520300522
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - KI and the COVID-19 Infection
AU  - Rovin, Brad
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Kidney International
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.kint.2020.03.010
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0085253820303380
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Disseminated intravascular coagulation in patients with 2019-nCoV pneumonia
AU  - Lillicrap, David
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jth.14781
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The COVID-19 pandemic: Implications for the cytology laboratory
AU  - Pambuccian, Stefan E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The infection has predominantly respiratory transmission and is transmitted through large droplets or aerosols, and less commonly by contact with infected surfaces or fomites. The alarming spread of the infection and the severe clinical disease that it may cause, have led to the widespread institution of social distancing measures. Due to repeated exposure to potentially infectious patients and specimens, healthcare and laboratory personnel are particularly susceptible to contract COVID-19. This review paper provides an assessment of the current state of knowledge about the disease and its pathology, and the potential presence of the virus in cytology specimens. It also discusses the measures that cytology laboratories can take to function during the pandemic, and minimize the risk to their personnel, trainees and pathologists. In addition, it explores potential means to continue to educate trainees during the COVID-19 pandemic.
JO  - Journal of the American Society of Cytopathology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jasc.2020.03.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213294520300454
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - All Feet On Deck-The Role of Podiatry During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Preventing hospitalizations in an overburdened healthcare system, reducing amputation and death in people with diabetes
AU  - Rogers, Lee C.
AU  - Lavery, Lawrence A.
AU  - Joseph, Warren S.
AU  - Armstrong, David G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 pandemic is driving significant change in the healthcare system and disrupting the best practices for diabetic limb preservation, leaving large numbers of patients without care. Patients with diabetes and foot ulcers are at increased risk for infections, hospitalization, amputations, and death. Podiatric care is associated with fewer diabetes-related amputations, ER visits, hospitalizations, length-of-stay, and costs. But podiatrists must mobilize and adopt the new paradigm of shifts away from hospital care to community-based care. Implementing the proposed Pandemic Diabetic Foot Triage System, in-home visits, higher acuity office visits, telemedicine, and remote patient monitoring can help podiatrists manage patients while reducing the COVID-19 risk. The goal of podiatrists during the pandemic is to reduce the burden on the healthcare system by keeping diabetic foot and wound patients safe, functional, and at home.
JO  - Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7547/20-051
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preventing the Spread of COVID-19 to Nursing Homes: Experience from a Singapore Geriatric Centre
AU  - Tan, Li Feng
AU  - Seetharaman, Santhosh
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jgs.16447
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.16447
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and Immunomodulator/Immunosuppressant Use in Dermatology
AU  - Price, Kyla N.
AU  - Frew, John W.
AU  - Hsiao, Jennifer L.
AU  - Shi, Vivian Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2020.03.046
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0190962220304667
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Ethical Outpatient Dermatology Care During the Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic
AU  - Pathoulas, James T.
AU  - Stoff, Benjamin K.
AU  - Lee, Kachiu C.
AU  - Farah, Ronda S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.03.047
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0190962220304679 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0190962220304679
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Rheumatologist's Role in Covid-19
AU  - Cron, Randy Q.
AU  - Chatham, W. Winn
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has spread rapidly throughout the planet. It is believed to have originated in the Wuhan province of China, but this highly contagious respiratory virus has spread to over 140 countries on 6 continents as of mid-March 2020 according to the World Health Organization (WHO). Worldwide, there have been over 164,000 cases identified and over 6,500 deaths attributed to the viral infection. As of March 15, 2020, there are over 3,700 confirmed cases and 68 deaths ascribed to Covid-19 (the disease caused by SARS-CoV-2) in the United States [https://www.livescience.com/coronavirus-updates-unitedstates.html].
JO  - The Journal of rheumatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3899/jrheum.200334
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Structural basis of SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro and anti-COVID-19 drug discovery from medicinal plants†
AU  - ul Qamar, Muhammad Tahir
AU  - Alqahtani, Safar M.
AU  - Alamri, Mubarak A.
AU  - Chen, Ling-Ling
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The recent outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 in December 2019 raised global health concerns. The viral 3-chymotrypsin-like cysteine protease (3CLpro) enzyme controls coronavirus replication and is essential for its life cycle. 3CLpro is a proven drug discovery target in the case of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). Recent studies revealed that the genome sequence of SARS-CoV-2 is very similar to that of SARS-CoV. Therefore, herein, we analysed the 3CLpro sequence, constructed its 3D homology model, and screened it against a medicinal plant library containing 32,297 potential anti-viral phytochemicals/traditional Chinese medicinal compounds. Our analyses revealed that the top nine hits might serve as potential anti- SARS-CoV-2 lead molecules for further optimisation and drug development process to combat COVID-19.
JO  - Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpha.2020.03.009
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095177920301271
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2: familial spread resulting in COVID-19 pneumonia in a pediatric patient
AU  - An, Peng
AU  - Zhang, Min
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Diagnostic and interventional radiology (Ankara, Turkey)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.5152/dir.2020.20157
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Management strategy of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pneumonia in the radiology department: a Chinese experience
AU  - An, Peng
AU  - Ye, Yingjian
AU  - Chen, Min
AU  - Chen, Yuting
AU  - Fan, Wufeng
AU  - Wang, Yong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Diagnostic and interventional radiology (Ankara, Turkey)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.5152/dir.2020.20167
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of COVID-19 with or without diabetes: A systematic search and a narrative review with a special reference to India and other developing countries
AU  - Singh, Awadhesh Kumar
AU  - Singh, Akriti
AU  - Shaikh, Altamash
AU  - Singh, Ritu
AU  - Misra, Anoop
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background and aims No drugs are currently approved for Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19), although some have been tried. In view of recent studies and discussion on chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), we aimed to review existing literature and relevant websites regarding these drugs and COVID-19, adverse effects related to drugs, and related guidelines. Aims and methods We systematically searched the PubMed database up till March 21, 2020 and retrieved all the articles published on chloroquine and HCQ and COVID-19. Results Two small human studies have been conducted with both these drugs in COVID-19, and have shown significant improvement in some parameters in patients with COVID-19. Conclusion Considering minimal risk upon use, a long experience of use in other diseases, cost-effectiveness and easy availability across India, we propose that both these drugs are worthy of fast track clinical trial for treatment, and may be carefully considered for clinical use as experimental drugs. Since HCQ has been approved for treatment of diabetes in India, it should be further researched in diabetes and COVID-19, a subgroup where significant mortality has been shown.
JO  - Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.03.011
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1871402120300515
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Experience of Clinical Management for Pregnant Women and Newborns with Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia in Tongji Hospital, China
AU  - Wang, Shao-shuai
AU  - Zhou, Xuan
AU  - Lin, Xing-guang
AU  - Liu, Yan-yan
AU  - Wu, Jian-li
AU  - Sharifu, Lali Mwamaka
AU  - Hu, Xiao-lin
AU  - Rong, Zhi-hui
AU  - Liu, Wei
AU  - Luo, Xiao-ping
AU  - Chen, Zhuo
AU  - Zeng, Wan-jiang
AU  - Chen, Su-hua
AU  - Ma, Ding
AU  - Chen, Ling
AU  - Feng, Ling
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Based on the New Diagnosis and Treatment Scheme for Novel Coronavirus Infected Pneumonia (Trial Edition 5), combined with our current clinical treatment experience, we recently proposed a revision of the first edition of “Guidance for maternal and fetal management during pneumonia epidemics of novel coronavirus infection in the Wuhan Tongji Hospital”. This article focused on the issues of greatest concern of pregnant women including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection diagnostic criteria, inspection precautions, drug treatment options, indications and methods of termination of pregnancy, postpartum fever, breastfeeding considerations, mode of mother-to-child transmission, neonatal isolation and advice on neonatal nursing, to provide valuable experience for better management of SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnant women and newborns.
JO  - Current Medical Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-5
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11596-020-2174-4
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11596-020-2174-4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical characteristics of COVID-19-infected cancer patients: A retrospective case study in three hospitals within Wuhan, China
AU  - Zhang, L.
AU  - Zhu, F.
AU  - Xie, L.
AU  - Wang, C.
AU  - Wang, J.
AU  - Chen, R.
AU  - Jia, P.
AU  - Guan, H. Q.
AU  - Peng, L.
AU  - Chen, Y.
AU  - Peng, P.
AU  - Zhang, P.
AU  - Chu, Q.
AU  - Shen, Q.
AU  - Wang, Y.
AU  - Xu, S. Y.
AU  - Zhao, J. P.
AU  - Zhou, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background Cancer patients are regarded as a highly vulnerable group in the current Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. To date, the clinical characteristics of COVID-19-infected cancer patients are largely unknown. Patients and methods In this retrospective cohort study, we included cancer patients with laboratory confirmed COVID-19 from three designated hospitals in Wuhan, China. The clinical data were collected from medical records from Jan 13, 2020, to Feb 26, 2020. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to assess the risk factors associated with severe events defined as a condition requiring admission to an intensive care unit, the use of mechanical ventilation, or death. Results 28 COVID-19-infected cancer patients were included; 17 (60.7%) patients were male. Median age was 65.0 years (IQR:56.0-70.0). Lung cancer was the most frequent cancer type (7, 25.0%). 8 (28.6%) patients were suspected to be from hospital-associated transmission. The following clinical features were shown in our cohort: fever (23, 82.1%), dry cough (22, 81%) and dyspnoea (14, 50.0%), along with lymphopaenia (23, 82.1%), high level of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (23, 82.1%), anaemia (21, 75.0%) and hypoproteinaemia (25, 89.3%). The common chest CT findings were ground-glass opacity (21, 75.0%) and patchy consolidation (13, 46.3%). 15 (53.6%) patients had severe events and mortality was 28.6%. If the last anti-tumour treatment was within 14 days, it significantly increased the risk of developing severe events (HR=4.079, 95%CI 1.086-15.322, P=0.037). Furthermore, patchy consolidation on CT on admission was associated with a higher risk for developing severe events (HR=5.438, 95%CI 1.498-19.748, P=0.010). Conclusions Cancer patients show deteriorating conditions and poor outcomes from the COVID-19 infection. It is recommended that cancer patients receiving anti-tumour treatments should have vigorous screening for COVID-19 infection and should avoid treatments causing immunosuppression or have their dosages decreased in case of COVID-19 co-infection.
JO  - Annals of Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annonc.2020.03.296
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0923753420363833
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Initial Clinical Impressions of the Critical Care of COVID-19 Patients in Seattle, New York City, and Chicago
AU  - Sommer, Phillip
AU  - Lukovic, Elvedin
AU  - Fagley, Eliot
AU  - Long, Dustin
AU  - Sobol, Julia
AU  - Heller, Katherine
AU  - Moitra, Vivek
AU  - Pauldine, Ronald
AU  - O’Connor, Michael
AU  - Shahul, Sajid
AU  - Nunnally, Mark
AU  - Tung, Avery
PY  - 9000
PD  - 
N2  - Since the first recognition of a cluster of novel respiratory viral infections in China in late December, 2019, intensivists in the United States have watched with growing concern as infections with the SARS-CoV-2 virus─now named Coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) ─have spread to hospitals in the United States (US). Because COVID-19 is extremely transmissible and can progress to a severe form of respiratory failure, the potential to overwhelm available critical care resources is high and critical care management of COVID-19 patients has been thrust into the spotlight. COVID-19 arrived in the United States in January and as anticipated has dramatically increased the usage of critical care resources. Three of the hardest hit cities have been Seattle, New York City, and Chicago with a combined total of over 14,000 cases as of March 23, 2020. Direct all correspondence to: Avery Tung, MD FCCM, Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, University of Chicago, (773) 702-3460, atung@dacc.uchicago.edu © 2020 International Anesthesia Research Society
JO  - Anesthesia & Analgesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Publish Ahead of Print
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00000539-900000000-95733
DO  - 10.1213/ane.0000000000004830
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/anesthesia-analgesia/Fulltext/publishahead/Initial_Clinical_Impressions_of_the_Critical_Care.95733.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Neuraxial procedures in COVID-19 positive parturients: a review of current reports
AU  - Bauer, Melissa E
AU  - Chiware, Ruth
AU  - Pancaro, Carlo
PY  - 9000
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Anesthesia & Analgesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Publish Ahead of Print
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00000539-900000000-95732
DO  - 10.1213/ane.0000000000004831
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/anesthesia-analgesia/Fulltext/publishahead/Neuraxial_procedures_in_COVID_19_positive.95732.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - As We Went to Press: COVID-19 Continues to Spread Perioperative COVID-19 Defense: An Evidence-Based Approach for Optimization of Infection Control and Operating Room Management
AU  - Dexter, Franklin
AU  - Parra, Michelle C.
AU  - Brown, Jeremiah R.
AU  - Loftus, Randy W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Updates on the coronavirus. We describe an evidence-based approach for optimization of infection control and operating room management during the COVID-19 pandemic. Confirmed modes of viral transmission are primarily but not exclusively contact with contaminated environmental surfaces and aerosolization. Evidence-based improvement strategies for attenuation of residual environmental contamination involve a combination of deep cleaning with surface disinfectants and ultraviolet light (UV-C). (1) Place alcohol-based hand rubs on the IV pole to the left of the provider. Double glove during induction. (2) Place a wire basket lined with a zip closure plastic bag, on the IV pole to the right of the provider. Place all contaminated instruments in the bag (i.e. laryngoscope blades and handles) and close. Designate and maintain clean and dirty areas. After induction of anesthesia, wipe down all equipment and surfaces with disinfection wipes that contain a quaternary ammonium compound and alcohol. Use a top down cleaning sequence adequate to reduce bioburden. Treat operating rooms using UV-C. (3) Decolonize patients using pre-procedural chlorhexidine wipes, 2 doses of nasal povidone iodine within one hour of incision, and chlorhexidine mouth rinse. (4) Create a closed lumen IV system and use hub disinfection. (5) Provide data feedback by surveillance of ESKAPE transmission. (6) To reduce the use of surgical masks and to reduce potential COVID-19 exposure, use relatively long (e.g., 12-hour) staff shifts. If there are 8 essential cases to be done (each lasting 1-2 hours), the ideal solution is to have 2 teams complete the 8 cases, not 8 first case starts. (7) Do 1 case in each operating room daily, with terminal cleaning after each case including UV-C or equivalent. (8) Do not have patients go into a large, pooled phase I post-anesthesia care unit, because of the risk of contaminating facility at large along with many staff. Instead, have most patients recover in the room where they had surgery, like done routinely in Japan. These 8 programmatic recommendations stand on a substantial body of empirical evidence characterizing the epidemiology of perioperative transmission and infection development made possible by support from the Anesthesia Patient Safety Foundation (APSF). Note: This is a corrected copy and replaces the manuscript version posted online March 24, 2020. Funding: This study was funded in part by the Anesthesia Patient Safety Foundation and by the Department of Anesthesiology, University of Iowa. Conflicts of interest: Randy W. Loftus reported research funding from Sage Medical Inc., BBraun, Draeger, and Kenall, has one or more patents pending, and is a partner of RDB Bioinformatics, LLC, and 1055 N 115th St #301, Omaha, NE 68154, a company that owns OR PathTrac, and has spoken at educational meetings sponsored by Kenall (AORN) and BBraun (APIC). Dr. Parra is affiliated with RDB Bioinformatics, LLC, as Dr. Loftus’ spouse. Drs. Dexter and Brown have nothing to disclose. Correspondence for published paper: Randy W. Loftus, MD, University of Iowa, Department of Anesthesia, 200 Hawkins Rd Iowa City IA 52240; phone 319 467-6795; randy-loftus@uiowa.edu © 2020 International Anesthesia Research Society
JO  - AJN The American Journal of Nursing
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 120
IS  - 4
PG  - 15
SP  - 15
EP  - 
AN  - 00000446-202004000-00007
DO  - 10.1097/01.Naj.0000659956.26994.75 10.1213/ane.0000000000004829
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/ajnonline/Fulltext/2020/04000/As_We_Went_to_Press__COVID_19_Continues_to_Spread.7.aspx https://journals.lww.com/anesthesia-analgesia/Fulltext/publishahead/Perioperative_COVID_19_Defense__An_Evidence_Based.95734.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Establishment and Application of an Indirect ELISA Based on Recombinant S1 Protein for the Detection of Antibodies against Porcine Deltacoronavirus
AU  - Hou, L.
AU  - Jia, J.
AU  - Gu, W.
AU  - Liu, B.
AU  - Shi, Q.
AU  - Yuan, G.
AU  - Chen, S.
AU  - Fan, J.
AU  - Zuo, Y.
PY  - 2019
PD  - 
N2  - This study was conducted to understand porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) epidemic situation, and provide a tool for PDCoV serum antibody detection and the epidemiological investigation. Prokaryotic expression of recombinant PDCoV partial spike (S) protein was used as detection antigen, and an indirect ELISA antibody detection method based on PDCoV S1 protein was established. The method was used to detect 570 serum samples collected from some pig farms in Hebei from January to December 2017. The results showed that the established ELISA method of PDCoV IgG antibody in this study could specifically detect PDCoV antibody; no cross-reaction with antisera against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), classical swine fever (CSF) and pseudorabies virus (PRV) was found. The coefficients of variation (CV) of repeated in-batch test was 1.9%-5.4%, CV of batch-to-batch test was 2.3%-5.1%. In 570 blood samples, 105 were positive, and the positive rate was 18.4% (105/570), which was higher than the positive rate of PDCoV IgG antibody (11%) in Hebei from January 2016 to October 2016. It is suggested that the infection rate of PDCoV in Hebei is on the rise. The ELISA method established in this study had the advantages of high sensitivity, strong specificity and good reproducibility, and can be used for the detection of clinical PDCoV serum antibodies.Copyright © 2019, Chinese Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Co., Ltd. All right reserved.
JO  - Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 50
IS  - 8
PG  - 1642-1648
SP  - 1642
EP  - 1648
AN  - 
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2019.08.013
UR  - http://www.xmsyxb.com/EN/volumn/current.shtml http://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&PAGE=reference&D=emexb&NEWS=N&AN=2005169273
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 & Beyond: Micro-practices for Burnout Prevention and Emotional Wellness
AU  - Fessell, D.
AU  - Cherniss, C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American College of Radiology : JACR
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32208139
DO  - 10.1016/j.jacr.2020.03.013
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Combating COVID-19—The role of robotics in managing public health and infectious diseases
AU  - Yang, Guang-Zhong
AU  - J. Nelson, Bradley
AU  - Murphy, Robin R.
AU  - Choset, Howie
AU  - Christensen, Henrik
AU  - H. Collins, Steven
AU  - Dario, Paolo
AU  - Goldberg, Ken
AU  - Ikuta, Koji
AU  - Jacobstein, Neil
AU  - Kragic, Danica
AU  - Taylor, Russell H.
AU  - McNutt, Marcia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 may drive sustained research in robotics to address risks of infectious diseases.
JO  - Science Robotics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 5
IS  - 40
PG  - eabb5589
SP  - eabb5589
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/scirobotics.abb5589
UR  - https://robotics.sciencemag.org/content/robotics/5/40/eabb5589.full.pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Structural basis for the recognition of SARS-CoV-2 by full-length human ACE2
AU  - Yan, Renhong
AU  - Zhang, Yuanyuan
AU  - Li, Yaning
AU  - Xia, Lu
AU  - Guo, Yingying
AU  - Zhou, Qiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Scientists are racing to learn the secrets of severe acute respiratory syndrome–coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is the cause of the pandemic disease COVID-19. The first step in viral entry is the binding of the viral trimeric spike protein to the human receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Yan et al. present the structure of human ACE2 in complex with a membrane protein that it chaperones, B0AT1. In the context of this complex, ACE2 is a dimer. A further structure shows how the receptor binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 interacts with ACE2 and suggests that it is possible that two trimeric spike proteins bind to an ACE2 dimer. The structures provide a basis for the development of therapeutics targeting this crucial interaction.Science, this issue p. 1444Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is the cellular receptor for severe acute respiratory syndrome–coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) that is causing the serious coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic. Here, we present cryo–electron microscopy structures of full-length human ACE2 in the presence of the neutral amino acid transporter B0AT1 with or without the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the surface spike glycoprotein (S protein) of SARS-CoV-2, both at an overall resolution of 2.9 angstroms, with a local resolution of 3.5 angstroms at the ACE2-RBD interface. The ACE2-B0AT1 complex is assembled as a dimer of heterodimers, with the collectrin-like domain of ACE2 mediating homodimerization. The RBD is recognized by the extracellular peptidase domain of ACE2 mainly through polar residues. These findings provide important insights into the molecular basis for coronavirus recognition and infection.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 367
IS  - 6485
PG  - 1444-1448
SP  - 1444
EP  - 1448
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb2762
UR  - https://science.sciencemag.org/content/sci/367/6485/1444.full.pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The new coronavirus is finally slamming Russia. Is the country ready?
AU  - Stone, Richard
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - For weeks, Russia seemed to have dodged a bullet. As coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) raged just across the border in China, Russia was virtually untouched, reporting just seven confirmed infections as recently as 10 March. Since then, the number has risen fast: Russia has now reported 840 infections, about two-thirds of them in the Moscow region.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb9029
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/03/new-coronavirus-finally-slamming-russia-country-ready#
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Congress pumps up NSF program to fast-track COVID-19 research
AU  - Starr, Douglas
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Roxane Silver studies the health effects of traumatic life events. So it was a no-brainer for the social psychologist at the University of California, Irvine, to ask the National Science Foundation (NSF) to fund a study of how the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic would affect the well-being of Americans.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/03/congress-pumps-nsf-program-fast-track-covid-19-research#
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How diseases rise and fall with the seasons—and what it could mean for coronavirus
AU  - Goldberg, Joel
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Scientists and doctors have observed for thousands of years that some diseases, such as polio and influenza, rise and fall with the seasons. But why? Ongoing research in animals and humans suggests a variety of causes, including changes in the environment (like pH, temperature, and humidity) and even seasonal and daily changes to our own immune systems. Figuring out those answers could one day make all the difference in minimizing the impact of infectious disease outbreaks—such as coronavirus disease 2019.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb9028
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/03/how-diseases-rise-and-fall-seasons-and-what-it-could-mean-coronavirus#
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 needs a Manhattan Project
AU  - Berkley, Seth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - There is an unprecedented race to develop a vaccine against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). With at least 44 vaccines in early-stage development, what outcome can we expect? Will the first vaccine to cross the finish line be the safest and most effective? Or will it be the most well-funded vaccines that first become available, or perhaps those using vaccine technologies with the fewest regulatory hurdles? The answer could be a vaccine that ticks all these boxes. If we want to maximize the chances for success, however, and have enough doses to end the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, current piecemeal efforts won't be enough. If ever there was a case for a coordinated global vaccine development effort using a “big science” approach, it is now.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 367
IS  - 6485
PG  - 1407-1407
SP  - 1407
EP  - 1407
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb8654
UR  - https://science.sciencemag.org/content/sci/367/6485/1407.full.pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Bats as reservoir and vector of viruses pathogenic for humans and animals
AU  - Gliński, Z.
AU  - Ciołek, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The significance of bats as a source and carrier of viruses of emerging infectious diseases has been increasingly appreciated, and new data have been accumulated during recent year. Bat-borne viruses, including rabies virus, other lyssaviruses, coronaviruses, henipaviruses, filoviruses, are among the most important of the emerging pathogens. Bats are important reservoir of zoonotic viruses of different families, including SARS-CoV Nipah virus, Hendra virus and Ebola virus, and they have been identified as a source of pig-killing coronavirus SADS and PED in China. Bats, carrying these agents, appear to be capable of limiting excessive or inappropriate virus-induced inflammation, which often leads to severe diseases in other animal species and also in humans. Recently detected, highly divergent lyssaviruses and filoviruses in bats across the EU, may possess potential risk to human populations, because neither vaccines nor antiviral drugs against these viruses have been developed yet.
JO  - Życie Weterynaryjne
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 95
IS  - 1
PG  - 11-16
SP  - 11
EP  - 16
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Clinical and coagulation characteristics of 7 patients with critical COVID-2019 pneumonia and acro-ischemia]
AU  - Zhang, Y.
AU  - Cao, W.
AU  - Xiao, M.
AU  - Li, Y. J.
AU  - Yang, Y.
AU  - Zhao, J.
AU  - Zhou, X.
AU  - Jiang, W.
AU  - Zhao, Y. Q.
AU  - Zhang, S. Y.
AU  - Li, T. S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To investigate the clinical and coagulation characteristics of the critical Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with acro-ischemia in the intensive care unit (ICU). Methods: The retrospective study included 7 critical COVID-19 patients with acro-ischemia in a single center in Wuhan, from Feb 4 to Feb 15, 2020. The clinical and laboratory data before and during the ICU stay were analyzed. Results: The median age of 7 patients was 59 years and 4 of them were men. 3 of them were associated with underlying comorbidities. Fever, cough, dyspnea and diarrhea were common clinical symptoms. All patients had acro-ischemia presentations including finger/toe cyanosis, skin bulla and dry gangrene. D-dimer, fibrinogen and fibrinogen degradation product (FDP) were significantly elevated in most patients. Prothrombin time (PT) were prolonged in 4 patients. D-dimer and FDP levels increased progressively when COVID-2019 exacerbated, and 4 patients were diagnosed with definite disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). 6 patients received low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) treatment, after which their D-dimer and FDP decreased, but there was no significant improvement in clinical symptoms. 5 patients died finally and the median time from acro-ischemia to death was 12 days. Conclusions: The existence of hypercoagulation status in critical COVID-2019 patients should be monitored closely, and anticoagulation therapy can be considered in selected patients. More clinical data is needed to investigate the role of anticoagulation in COVID-2019 treatment.
JO  - Zhonghua xue ye xue za zhi = Zhonghua xueyexue zazhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 0
PG  - E006-E006
SP  - E006
EP  - E006
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2020.0006
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Analysis on cluster cases of COVID-19 in Tianjin]
AU  - Liu, Y. F.
AU  - Li, J. M.
AU  - Zhou, P. H.
AU  - Liu, J.
AU  - Dong, X. C.
AU  - Lyu, J.
AU  - Zhang, Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To understand the characteristics of clusters of COVID-19 cases in Tianjin, and provide epidemiological evidence for the prevention and control of COVID-19. Methods: The data of all the cluster cases of COVID-19 in Tianjin reported as 22 February 2020 were collected to analyze the characteristics of different types of the clusters. Results: A total of 115 COVID-19 cases were reported in in 33 clusters in Tianjin. Clusters can be classified as following: 28 familial clusters (71 cases), 1 work place cluster (10 cases), 3 transport vehicle clusters (8 cases) and 1 public place cluster (26 cases). Fourteen familial clusters were caused by the cases from the working place or public place clusters. Numbers of secondary cases of family clusters were 1-7, the median number was 7.The interval from onset to diagnosis for the first case was longer than those of other cases in the familial clusters (Z=-2.406, P= 0.016). The median of incubation period of the public place clusters was 2 days. The intervals from onset to diagnosis were significant different among the family, working place and public place clusters (H=8.843, , P=0.012) , and there were also significant differences in onset time among the secondary cases (H=16.607, P=0.000) . Conclusions: In the surveillance of COVID-19 epidemic, special attention should be paid to the cases from same family, same work place, or other places where clustering are prone to occur, and the epidemiological investigation should be carried out timely to confirm the cluster. To prevent the transmission of COVID-19, the close contacts of the patients should be transferred to an assigned observation place in time for single room isolation. The awareness of COVID-19 prevention is low in some rural areas, reflected by many mass gathering activities and delayed medical care seeking after onset. It is necessary to strengthen the health education and take control measures in early period of epidemic.
JO  - Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi = Zhonghua liuxingbingxue zazhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 5
PG  - 654-657
SP  - 654
EP  - 657
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200225-00165
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Challenges to prevent and control the outbreak of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (COVID-19)]
AU  - Liu, X.
AU  - Na, R. S.
AU  - Bi, Z. Q.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - An outbreak of severe pneumonia of unknown cause was reported in December 2019 in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. The infectious virus was soon identified and named as 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCov). The name of the coronavirus infectious disease (COVID-19) was given by WHO on 11 February 2020. It has so far caused about 118 000 cases in 114 countries including China and was characterized as a pandemic by WHO on 11 March. We still face great challenges in control of the epidemic: uncertain initial source of infection, infected populations widely scattered, complex routs of transmission, populations generally susceptible, high contagiousness of the virus, and finally vaccines unlikely available in the near future.
JO  - Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi = Zhonghua liuxingbingxue zazhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 0
PG  - E029-E029
SP  - E029
EP  - E029
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200216-00108
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Risk assessment and early warning of imported COVID-19 in 21 cities, Guangdong province]
AU  - Hu, J. X.
AU  - Liu, T.
AU  - Xiao, J. P.
AU  - He, G. H.
AU  - Rong, Z. H.
AU  - Yin, L. H.
AU  - Wan, D. H.
AU  - Zeng, W. L.
AU  - Gong, D. X.
AU  - Guo, L. C.
AU  - Zhu, Z. H.
AU  - Zeng, L. L.
AU  - Kang, M.
AU  - Song, T.
AU  - Zhong, H. J.
AU  - He, J. F.
AU  - Sun, L. M.
AU  - Li, Y.
AU  - Ma, W. J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To assess the imported risk of COVID-19 in Guangdong province and its cities, and conduct early warning. Methods: Data of reported COVID-19 cases and Baidu Migration Index of 21 cities in Guangdong province and other provinces of China as of February 25, 2020 were collected. The imported risk index of each city in Guangdong province were calculated, and then correlation analysis was performed between reported cases and the imported risk index to identify lag time. Finally, we classified the early warming levels of epidemic by imported risk index. Results: A total of 1 347 confirmed cases were reported in Guangdong province, and 90.0% of the cases were clustered in the Pearl River Delta region. The average daily imported risk index of Guangdong was 44.03. Among the imported risk sources of each city, the highest risk of almost all cities came from Hubei province, except for Zhanjiang from Hainan province. In addition, the neighboring provinces of Guangdong province also had a greater impact. The correlation between the imported risk index with a lag of 4 days and the daily reported cases was the strongest (correlation coefficient: 0.73). The early warning base on cumulative 4-day risk of each city showed that Dongguan, Shenzhen, Zhongshan, Guangzhou, Foshan and Huizhou have high imported risks in the next 4 days, with imported risk indexes of 38.85, 21.59, 11.67, 11.25, 6.19 and 5.92, and the highest risk still comes from Hubei province. Conclusions: Cities with a large number of migrants in Guangdong province have a higher risk of import. Hubei province and neighboring provinces in Guangdong province are the main source of the imported risk. Each city must strengthen the health management of migrants in high-risk provinces and reduce the imported risk of Guangdong province.
JO  - Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi = Zhonghua liuxingbingxue zazhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 5
PG  - 658-662
SP  - 658
EP  - 662
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200226-00190
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Epidemiological analysis on 1 052 cases of COVID-19 in epidemic clusters]
AU  - Gan, H.
AU  - Zhang, Y.
AU  - Yuan, M.
AU  - Wu, X. Y.
AU  - Liu, Z. R.
AU  - Liu, M.
AU  - Wu, J. B.
AU  - Xu, S. J.
AU  - Gong, L.
AU  - Xu, H. L.
AU  - Tao, F. B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To understand the epidemiological characteristics of the cases of COVID-19 epidemic clusters, and explore the influence of family factors and social factors such as group activities on the spread of the disease. Methods: The data of cases of COVID-19 epidemic clusters from 19 January, 2020 to 25 February, 2020 were collected from the official platforms of 36 cities in 6 provinces in China. Descriptive statistical methods, χ(2) test and curve fitting were used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of the clustered cases. Results: By 25 February, 2020, the data of 1 052 cases in 366 epidemic clusters were collected. In these clustered cases, 86.9%(914/1 050) occurred in families. Among the 1 046 cases with gender information, 513 were males (49.0%) and 533 were females (51.0%). The cases were mainly young adults between 18 and 59 years old, accounting for 68.5% (711/1 038). In the 366 epidemic clusters , the clusters in which the first confirmed cases with the history of sojourn in Wuhan or Hubei accounted for 47.0%(172/366). From 19 January to 3 February, 2020, the first confirmed cases with Wuhan or Hubei sojourn history accounted for 66.5%. From 4 to 25 February, the first confirmed cases who had Wuhan or Hubei sojourn history accounted for only 18.2%. The median of interval between the first generation case onset and the second generation case onset was 5 (2-8) days. The median of onset- diagnosis interval of the initial cases was 6 (3-9) days, and the median of onset-diagnosis interval of the secondary cases was 5 (3-8) days. Conclusions: Epidemic clusters of COVID-19 were common in many cities outside Wuhan and Hubei. Close contact in family was one of the main causes for the spread of household transmission of the virus. After 4 February, the epidemic clusters were mainly caused by the first generation or second generation cases in local areas, and the time for diagnosis became shorter.
JO  - Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi = Zhonghua liuxingbingxue zazhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 5
PG  - E027-E027
SP  - E027
EP  - E027
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200301-00223
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Interpretation of pathological changes for "Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of COVID-19 by the National Health Commission (Trial Version 7)"]
AU  - Ding, Y. Q.
AU  - Bian, X. W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zhonghua bing li xue za zhi = Chinese journal of pathology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 49
IS  - 0
PG  - E011-E011
SP  - E011
EP  - E011
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20200318-00221
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [The Effects and Management of Viral Pneumonia on Lung Cancer Patients]
AU  - Yao, Yanhong
AU  - Lu, Ming
AU  - Liu, Yan'e
AU  - Cao, Baoshan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The worldwide epidemic of three coronaviruses and one influenza virus in 21st century have seriously threatened human health. Infection with these viruses can cause respiratory symptoms. The patients with lung cancer are more susceptible to viral infection and have a worse prognosis due to the advanced age and the systemic immunosuppressive state caused by malignancy itself and the anticancer treatments. In addition, without sufficient clinical awareness, a missed diagnosis of viral pneumonia may occur due to the fever and respiratory symptoms caused by lung cancer and its secondary diseases. Furthermore, control measures against viral outbreaks may interfere with routine diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer patients. Therefore, scientific protection and individualized management of lung cancer patients are particularly important during virus epidemic prevention and control. Here, we systematically reviewed the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of viral pneumonia, its impact on patients with lung cancer and the differential diagnosis of lung cancer-related respiratory manifestations, aiming to provide guidance for the individual management of lung cancer patients during the prevention and control of viral pneumonia epidemic.
JO  - Zhongguo fei ai za zhi = Chinese journal of lung cancer
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2020.102.13
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The novel coronavirus - Should we be worried?
AU  - Kohnen, W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zentralsterilisation - Central Service
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 28
IS  - 1
PG  - 38
SP  - 38
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005253917
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mental Health and Psychological Intervention Amid COVID-19 Outbreak: Perspectives from South Korea
AU  - Jung, Sun Jae
AU  - Jun, Jin Yong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - No abstract available.
JO  - Yonsei Med J
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 61
IS  - 4
PG  - 271-272
SP  - 271
EP  - 272
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3349/ymj.2020.61.4.271
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak: Could pigs be vectors for human infections?
AU  - Opriessnig, Tanja
AU  - Huang, Yao-Wei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Xenotransplantation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - e12591-e12591
SP  - e12591
EP  - e12591
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/xen.12591
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Sicken Thy Neighbour: The Initial Trade Policy Response to COVID-19
AU  - Evenett, Simon J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract In our interconnected world, whenever a global crisis occurs governments must decide whether discriminating against foreign suppliers is part of the solution?or whether foreign know-how and resources can be tapped for mutual advantage. Decisions to sacrifice open borders on the altar of some other goal are typically influenced by the steps?real or perceived?taken by other governments. At such times, written and unwritten international rules are tested, with consequences that can last well after the crisis dominated headlines. The COVID-19 pandemic is no exception.
JO  - The World Economy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/twec.12954
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/twec.12954
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Virology, Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Control of COVID-19
AU  - Jin, Yuefei
AU  - Yang, Haiyan
AU  - Ji, Wangquan
AU  - Wu, Weidong
AU  - Chen, Shuaiyin
AU  - Zhang, Weiguo
AU  - Duan, Guangcai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of emerging severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) disease (COVID-19) in China has been brought to global attention and declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11, 2020. Scientific advancements since the pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2002~2003 and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) in 2012 have accelerated our understanding of the epidemiology and pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 and the development of therapeutics to treat viral infection. As no specific therapeutics and vaccines are available for disease control, the epidemic of COVID-19 is posing a great threat for global public health. To provide a comprehensive summary to public health authorities and potential readers worldwide, we detail the present understanding of COVID-19 and introduce the current state of development of measures in this review.
JO  - Viruses 2020, Vol. 12, Page 372
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 12
IS  - 4
PG  - 372-372
SP  - 372
EP  - 372
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/V12040372
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/12/4/372
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Nucleocapsid proteins from other swine enteric coronaviruses differentially modulate PEDV replication
AU  - Sungsuwan, S.
AU  - Jongkaewwattana, A.
AU  - Jaru-Ampornpan, P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) and porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) share tropism for swine intestinal epithelial cells. Whether mixing of viral components during co-infection alters pathogenic outcomes or viral replication is not known. In this study, we investigated how different coronavirus nucleocapsid (CoV N) proteins interact and affect PEDV replication. We found that PDCoV N and TGEV N can competitively interact with PEDV N. However, the presence of PDCoV or TGEV N led to very different outcomes on PEDV replication. While PDCoV N significantly suppresses PEDV replication, overexpression of TGEV N, like that of PEDV N, increases production of PEDV RNA and virions. Despite partial interchangeability in nucleocapsid oligomerization and viral RNA synthesis, endogenous PEDV N cannot be replaced in the production of infectious PEDV particles. Results from this study give insights into functional compatibilities and evolutionary relationship between CoV viral proteins during viral co-infection and co-evolution.
JO  - Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 540
IS  - 
PG  - 45-56
SP  - 45
EP  - 56
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.virol.2019.11.007
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Facing challenges with the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 outbreak
AU  - van der Werf, S.
AU  - Peltékian, C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Virologie (Montrouge, France)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1684/vir.2020.0826
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L631284880 http://dx.doi.org/10.1684/vir.2020.0826
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Possible method for the production of a Covid-19 vaccine
AU  - Myint, Aung
AU  - Jones, Trevor
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Veterinary record
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 186
IS  - 12
PG  - 388-388
SP  - 388
EP  - 388
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/vr.m1193
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Can companion animals become infected with Covid-19?
AU  - Almendros, Angel
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Veterinary record
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 186
IS  - 12
PG  - 388-389
SP  - 388
EP  - 389
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/vr.m1194
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Looking after yourself and others
AU  - Allister, Rosie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The global Covid-19 outbreak is having a profound impact on everyone, including people in the veterinary profession. Public health and government advice for some to self isolate and for all of us to increase social distancing poses huge challenges for the industry and its people, as well as clients and patients. Here, Vetlife Helpline manager.
JO  - The Veterinary record
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 186
IS  - 12
PG  - 368-369
SP  - 368
EP  - 369
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/vr.m1234
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Ensuring animal welfare during Covid-19 pandemic
AU  - Aitken, Maureen M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Veterinary Record
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 186
IS  - 12
PG  - 389-389
SP  - 389
EP  - 389
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/vr.m1195
UR  - http://veterinaryrecord.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/vr.m1195
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Telemedicine services thrive during Covid-19
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Veterinary record
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 186
IS  - 12
PG  - 365-365
SP  - 365
EP  - 365
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/vr.m1231
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - In other Covid-19 news
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Veterinary record
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 186
IS  - 12
PG  - 370-370
SP  - 370
EP  - 370
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/vr.m1236
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Genetic, antigenic and pathogenic characterization of avian coronaviruses isolated from pheasants (Phasianus colchicus) in China
AU  - Han, ZongXi
AU  - Liwen, Xu
AU  - Ren, MengTing
AU  - Sheng, Jie
AU  - Ma, TianXin
AU  - Sun, JunFeng
AU  - Zhao, Yan
AU  - Liu, ShengWang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Two viruses were isolated in 2017 from commercial pheasants with severe clinical signs and mortality in Shandong and Anhui provinces, China, respectively. We examined the pathogenic effects of the viruses in chicken embryos and the size and morphology of the virus particles, performed phylogenetic analysis based on the S1 gene and complete genomic sequences, and examined the antibody responses against infectious bronchitis virus (IBV). The results suggested that the viruses I0623/17 and I0710/17 were avian coronaviruses and were identified as pheasant coronaviruses (PhCoV), with greatest similarity to IBV. Further investigations of the antigenicity, complete genome organization, substitutions in multiple genes, and viral pathogenicity, replication, and shedding in chickens and pheasants showed obvious differences between PhCoV and IBV in terms of antigenicity, and viral pathogenicity, replication, and shedding in chickens and pheasants. The close genetic relationship, but obvious differences between PhCoVs and IBVs suggested the IBVs could be the ancestors of PhCoVs, and that PhCoVs isolated from different outbreaks may have evolved independently from IBVs circulating in the specific region by adaption in pheasants. This hypothesis was supported by analysis of the S1 gene fragments of the two PhCoVs isolated in the current study, as well as PhCoVs isolated in the UK and selected IBV strains. Such analyses indicated different evolution patterns and different tissue tropisms between PhCoVs isolated in different outbreaks. Further studies are needed to confirm this hypothesis by studying the complete genomic sequences of PhCoVs from different outbreaks and the pathogenicity of IBVs in pheasants to compare and clarify the relationships between PhCoVs and IBVs.
JO  - Veterinary Microbiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 240
IS  - 
PG  - 108513
SP  - 108513
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Progress and Prospects on Vaccine Development against SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Zhang, Jinyong
AU  - Zeng, Hao
AU  - Gu, Jiang
AU  - Li, Haibo
AU  - Zheng, Lixin
AU  - Zou, Quanming
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, the outbreak of pneumonia caused by a novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has led to a serious pandemic in China and other countries worldwide. So far, more than 460,000 confirmed cases were diagnosed in nearly 190 countries, causing globally over 20,000 deaths. Currently, the epidemic is still spreading and there is no effective means to prevent the infection. Vaccines are proved to be the most effective and economical means to prevent and control infectious diseases. Several countries, companies, and institutions announced their programs and progress on vaccine development against the virus. While most of the vaccines are under design and preparation, there are some that have entered efficacy evaluation in animals and initial clinical trials. This review mainly focused on the progress and our prospects on field of vaccine development against SARS-CoV-2.
JO  - Vaccines 2020, Vol. 8, Page 153
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 8
IS  - 2
PG  - 153-153
SP  - 153
EP  - 153
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/VACCINES8020153
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/8/2/153
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in children: More than meets the eye
AU  - Hagmann, Stefan H. F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101649-101649
SP  - 101649
EP  - 101649
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101649
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893920301174
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Characterization and evolution of the coronavirus porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus HLJBY isolated in China
AU  - Huan, ChangChao
AU  - Pan, HaoChun
AU  - Fu, SiYao
AU  - Xu, WeiYin
AU  - Gao, QingQing
AU  - Wang, XiaoBo
AU  - Gao, Song
AU  - Chen, ChangHai
AU  - Liu, XiuFan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A strain of porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (PEDV), namely HLJBY, was isolated in Heilongjiang province, China. To provide insight into the understanding of the phylogenetic and the current epidemiological status of PEDV, PEDV HLJBY was compared with CV777 and other PEDV strains deposited in the GenBank. The homology between the entire genomic nucleotide sequences of PEDV HLJBY and CV777 was 97.7%. The homology of M gene was the highest (99.0%). However, the homology of ORF3 gene was 97.7%, and protein of ORF3 was 90.1%. In addition, HLJBY showed the highest nucleotide identity (99.9%) with PEDV-SX/China/2017 strain and lowest similarity (91.2%) to PEDV/Belgorod/dom/2008 strain. We analysed the changes in S gene and its protein of PEDV HLJBY with 65 historic PEDV strains. The highest nucleotide identity was 99.9% compared with PEDV-SX/China/2017 strain, and the lowest nucleotide identity was 60.0% compared with PEDV/Belgorod/dom/2008 strain. The length of deduced amino acid sequences of S proteins varied from 1,372 to 1,390 amino acids (aa). Compared with most aa sequences of S proteins, HLJBY exhibited 5 aa deletions (position 55, 59-61, 144). Analysis and comparison of open reading frame 3 (ORF3) proteins between HLJBY strain and other PEDV strains were also focused in this study. We revealed that the length of deduced amino acid sequences of ORF3 proteins was 80-224 aa among tested strains and the identity of HLJBY ORF3 amino acids with other PEDV strains was 71.4%-98.9%. ORF3 protein of both HLJBY strain and PEDV-SX/China/2017 strain consists of 91 aa, with 133 aa deletions at their C' end in relation to the other tested PEDV strains. The phylogenetic tree based on different proteins or genes resulted in different phylogenetic groups. For pathogenicity evaluation of PEDV HLJBY strain, colostrum deprivation piglets were challenged with PEDV HLJBY, and PEDV reference strain CV777 as a control, the results showed that animals challenged with either of these PEDV strains developed diarrhoea, and histopathological examination of small intestines of challenged animals showed acute viral enteritis with villous atrophy in either PEDV HLJBY-P10 or PEDV CV777-P8 inoculated piglets.
JO  - Transboundary and Emerging Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 67
IS  - 1
PG  - 65-79
SP  - 65
EP  - 79
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Structural violence in the era of a new pandemic: the case of the Gaza Strip
AU  - Mills, David
AU  - Wispelwey, Bram
AU  - Muhareb, Rania
AU  - Gilbert, Mads
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30730-3
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30730-3 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0140673620307303
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A role for CT in COVID-19? What data really tell us so far
AU  - Hope, Michael D.
AU  - Raptis, Constantine A.
AU  - Shah, Amar
AU  - Hammer, Mark M.
AU  - Henry, Travis S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30728-5
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30728-5 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0140673620307285
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and the Renin-Angiotensin System
AU  - Malha, Line
AU  - Mueller, Franco B.
AU  - Pecker, Mark S.
AU  - Mann, Samuel J.
AU  - August, Phyllis
AU  - Feig, Peter U.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Kidney International Reports
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.ekir.2020.03.024
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468024920311645 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2468024920311645
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 is a disease of older people
AU  - Le Couteur, David G.
AU  - Anderson, Rozalyn M.
AU  - Newman, Anne B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journals of Gerontology: Series A
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/gerona/glaa077
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/biomedgerontology/advance-article/doi/10.1093/gerona/glaa077/5813435
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Anticoagulant treatment is associated with decreased mortality in severe coronavirus disease 2019 patients with coagulopathy
AU  - Tang, Ning
AU  - Bai, Huan
AU  - Chen, Xing
AU  - Gong, Jiale
AU  - Li, Dengju
AU  - Sun, Ziyong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: A relatively high mortality of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is worrying, the application of heparin in COVID-19 has been recommended by some expert consensus due to the risk of disseminated intravascular coagulation and venous thromboembolism. However, its efficacy remains to be validated. METHODS: Coagulation results, medications and outcomes of consecutive patients being classified as severe COVID-19 in Tongji hospital were retrospectively analysed. The 28-day mortality between heparin users and nonusers were compared, also in different risk of coagulopaphy which was stratified by the sepsis-induced coagulopathy (SIC) score or D-dimer result. RESULTS: There were 449 patients with severe COVID-19 enrolled into the study, 99 of them received heparin (mainly with low molecular weight heparin, LMWH) for 7 days or longer. The D-dimer, prothrombin time and age were positively, and platelet count was negatively, correlated with 28-day mortality in multivariate analysis. No difference on 28-day mortality was found between heparin users and nonusers (30.3% vs 29.7%, P=0.910). But the 28-day mortality of heparin users were lower than nonusers In patients with SIC score ≥4 (40.0% vs 64.2%, P=0.029), or D-dimer > 6 fold of upper limit of normal (32.8% vs 52.4%, P=0.017). CONCLUSIONS: Anticoagulant therapy mainly with LMWH appears to be associated with better prognosis in severe COVID-19 patients meeting SIC criteria or with markedly elevated D-dimer.
JO  - Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jth.14817
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Necessitating repeated chest CT in COVID-19 pneumonia
AU  - Li, Meng
AU  - Zhang, Li-Jing
AU  - Tian, Gui-Hua
AU  - Hao, Xue-Zeng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the Formosan Medical Association
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfma.2020.03.006
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0929664620300802
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - What dermatologists could do to cope with the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2): a dermatologist's perspective from China
AU  - Zhang, Hanlin
AU  - Tang, Keyun
AU  - Fang, Rouyu
AU  - Sun, Qiuning
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease, first emerged in Wuhan, China, rapidly spread all over the country since December 2019[1]. Up to now, the epidemic situation in China remains stable, while the global march of the virus is seemingly unstoppable, especially in South Korea, Iran, and Italy[2]. Here, we reported what dermatologists could do to cope with novel coronavirus from a Chinese dermatologist's perspective.
JO  - Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jdv.16389
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Medical education and care in dermatology during the SARS-CoV2 pandemia: challenges and chances
AU  - Reinholz, M.
AU  - French, L. E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The first novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) cases occurred in Germany after contact with a Chinese business delegate between January 19 and 22, 2020 near the city of Munich, Bavaria. Since then numerous additional cases have been reported and the dissemination of the infection does not only pose a major health challenge for the entire population, medical care facilities and the economy, but also for the medical training of future doctors and outpatient care of patients with skin disease.
JO  - Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jdv.16391
UR  - http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/jdv.16391
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cutaneous manifestations in COVID-19: a first perspective
AU  - Recalcati, S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract In December 2019 unexplained pneumonia cases were initially reported in Wuhan, China. The pathogen, a novel coronavirus named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was isolated from lower respiratory tract samples of infected patients and the resultant disease was termed as COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019)1. By Feb 15, COVID-19 has rapidly spread throughout China and across the world, until a pandemic condition was announced by March 112.
JO  - Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jdv.16387
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.16387
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The looming pandemic of COVID-19: What therapeutic options do we have now?
AU  - Afsar, Nasir Ali
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1097/JCMA.0000000000000310
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: Advice from the Canadian Association of Gastroenterology for Endoscopy Facilities, as of March 16, 2020
AU  - Tse, Frances
AU  - Borgaonkar, Mark
AU  - Leontiadis, Grigorios I.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the Canadian Association of Gastroenterology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/jcag/gwaa012
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/jcag/advance-article/doi/10.1093/jcag/gwaa012/5812787
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Lessons Learned During the COVID-19 Virus Pandemic
AU  - Sterpetti, Antonio V.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American College of Surgeons
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2020.03.018
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1072751520302623
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Telehealth: Helping Your Patients and Practice Survive and Thrive During the COVID-19 Crisis with Rapid Quality Implementation
AU  - Lee, Ivy
AU  - Kovarik, Carrie
AU  - Tejasvi, Trilokraj
AU  - Pizarro, Michelle
AU  - Lipoff, Jules B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2020.03.052
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0190962220304722
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Spiritual Lessons From the Coronavirus Pandemic
AU  - Hart, Curtis W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Religion and Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s10943-020-01011-w
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10943-020-01011-w
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Negligible risk of the COVID-19 resurgence caused by work resuming in China (outside Hubei): a statistical probability study
AU  - Zhao, Kedong
AU  - Long, Cheng
AU  - Wang, Yan
AU  - Zeng, Tieyong
AU  - Fu, Xinmiao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>The COVID-19 outbreak in China appears to reach the late stage since late March 2020, and a stepwise restoration of economic operations is implemented. Risk assessment for such economic restoration is of significance. Here, we estimated the probability of COVID-19 resurgence caused by work resuming in typical provinces/cities and found that such probability is very limited (&amp;lt;5% for all the regions except Beijing). Our work may inform provincial governments to make risk level-based, differentiated control measures.</p>
JO  - Journal of Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/pubmed/fdaa046
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/jpubhealth/advance-article/doi/10.1093/pubmed/fdaa046/5812712
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - What Should Palliative Care’s Response be to the COVID-19 Epidemic?
AU  - Powell, Victoria D.
AU  - Silveira, Maria J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Pain and Symptom Management
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2020.03.013
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0885392420301640
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Reflections on Nursing Ingenuity During the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Newby, Jamison C.
AU  - Mabry, Madison C.
AU  - Carlisle, Byron A.
AU  - Olson, DaiWai M.
AU  - Lane, Blair E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - INTRODUCTION: This reflections article provides insight toward nursing innovations to reduce the overuse of personal protective equipment while maintaining a safe environment for staff taking care of COVID-19 patients. The secondary aim of this paper to capitalize on recent advances in mass electronic communication through social media to encourage nurses across the globe to share their knowledge and expertise during this pandemic.The many innovations that have been implemented fall into 3 categories of: reducing unnecessary use of personal protective equipment (PPE), promoting staff safety and readiness, and reducing foot traffic. SUMMARY: These strategies are being shared to promote dissemination of innovative nursing interventions that will save lives during the COVID-19 pandemic.
JO  - The Journal of neuroscience nursing : journal of the American Association of Neuroscience Nurses
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1097/JNN.0000000000000525
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prolonged Viral Shedding in Feces of Pediatric Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019
AU  - Xing, Yu-Han
AU  - Ni, Wei
AU  - Wu, Qin
AU  - Li, Wen-Jie
AU  - Li, Guo-Ju
AU  - Wang, Wen-Di
AU  - Tong, Jian-Ning
AU  - Song, Xiu-Feng
AU  - Wing-Kin Wong, Gary
AU  - Xing, Quan-Sheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To determine the dynamic changes of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA in respiratory and fecal specimens in children with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods From January 17, 2020 to February 23, 2020, three paediatric cases of COVID-19 were reported in Qingdao, Shandong Province, China. Epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and radiological characteristics and treatment data were collected. Patients were followed up to March 10, 2020, and dynamic profiles of nucleic acid testing results in throat swabs and fecal specimens were closely monitored. Results Clearance of SARS-CoV-2 in respiratory tract occurred within two weeks after abatement of fever, whereas viral RNA remained detectable in stools of pediatric patients for longer than 4 weeks. Two children had fecal SARS-CoV-2 undetectable 20 days after throat swabs showing negative, while that of another child lagged behind for 8 days. Conclusions SARS-CoV-2 may exist in children’s gastrointestinal tract for a longer time than respiratory system. Persistent shedding of SARS-CoV-2 in stools of infected children raises the possibility that the virus might be transmitted through contaminated fomites. Massive efforts should be made at all levels to prevent spreading of the infection among children after reopening of kindergartens and schools.
JO  - Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2020.03.021
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1684118220300815
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - The association between international and domestic air traffic and the coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak
AU  - Lau, Hien
AU  - Khosrawipour, Veria
AU  - Kocbach, Piotr
AU  - Mikolajczyk, Agata
AU  - Ichii, Hirohito
AU  - Zacharksi, Maciej
AU  - Bania, Jacek
AU  - Khosrawipour, Tanja
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared the current outbreak of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) a global pandemic. Many countries are facing increasing numbers of COVID-19 cases, which are, in their origin mostly attributed to regular international flight connections with China. This study aims to investigate this relation by analyzing available data on air traffic volume and the spread of COVID-19 cases. Methods and findings: We analyzed available data on current domestic and international passenger volume and flight routes and compared these to the distribution of domestic and international COVID-19 cases. Results Our data indicate a strong linear correlation between domestic COVID-19 cases and passenger volume for regions within China (r2=0.92, p=0.19) and a significant correlation between international COVID-19 cases and passenger volume (r2=0.98, p<0.01). Conclusions The number of flight routes as well as total passenger volume are highly relevant risk factors for the spread of current COVID-19. Multiple regions within Asia, as well as some in North America and Europe are at serious risk of constant exposure to COVID-19 from China and other highly infected countries. Risk for COVID-19 exposure remains relatively low in South America and Africa. If adequate measures are taken, including on-site disease detection and temporary passenger quarantine, limited but not terminated air traffic can be a feasible option to prevent a long-term crisis. Reasonable risk calculations and case evaluations per passenger volume are crucial aspects which must be considered when reducing international flights.
JO  - Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection
PB  - 
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AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2020.03.026
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1684118220300864
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID 19 in INDIA: Strategies to combat from combination threat of life and livelihood
AU  - Krishnakumar, Balaji
AU  - Rana, Sravendra
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - INDIA- As for reported in 360 COVID-19 cases (till March 22, 2020), seven people were died, and 23 people were treated successfully.1 This virus can easily affect who having respiratory problem and especially who all have been aged older than sixty. Most of the affected peoples had reached India from different part of the world, as like of carrier. Owing to this, India made several precautionary measures to mitigate/neglect the disease in beginning stage, however, the denser population of country will not be simple to control the same for long time (community spread), if government will not incorporate the visionary strategies. Since attacked several nations have been worried mostly for their people life (health), despite that developing country like India with huge population should consider about the livelihood (for Below Poverty Line (BPL) people), equally with the life. This article will give insights to make effective strategy to culminate the world threat COVID-19 in India.
JO  - Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection
PB  - 
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AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2020.03.024
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1684118220300840
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Controversial treatments: an updated understanding of the Coronavirus Disease 2019
AU  - Zhang, Cantong
AU  - Huang, Shaoying
AU  - Zheng, Fengping
AU  - Dai, Yong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract An outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has posed significant threats to international health and the economy. In the absence of specific treatment for this virus, there is an urgent need to learn from the experience and lessons in China. To reduce the case-fatality rate among COVID-19 patients, we should not ignore the complications, such as RNAaemia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and multiple organ dysfunction. To help understand the advantages and limitations of differential treatments, we provide a timely review and discuss the complications and corresponding major treatments, especially controversial ones such as antiviral therapy (remdesivir, ribavirin, chloroquine), glucocorticoid therapy, extracorporeal support including an artificial liver system (ALS) and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), based on available evidence. As a result, we suggest that antiviral therapy and organ function support are vital to reduce mortality for mild patients and critical patients, respectively. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
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VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25788
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25788
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Stability Issues of RT-PCR Testing of SARS-CoV-2 for Hospitalized Patients Clinically Diagnosed with COVID-19
AU  - Li, Yafang
AU  - Yao, Lin
AU  - Li, Jiawei
AU  - Chen, Lei
AU  - Song, Yiyan
AU  - Cai, Zhifang
AU  - Yang, Chunhua
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract In this study, we collected a total of 610 hospitalized patients from Wuhan between Feb 2, 2020, and Feb 17, 2020. We reported a potentially high false negtive rate of RT-PCR testing for SARS-CoV-2 in the 610 hospitalized patients clinically diagnosed with COVID-19 during the 2019 outbreak. We also found that the RT-PCR results from several tests at different points were variable from the same patients during the course of diagnosis and treatment of these patients. Our results indicate that in addition to the emphasis on RT-PCR testing, clinical indicators such as CT images should also be used not only for diagnosis and treatment but also for isolation, recovery/discharge and transferring for hospitalized patients clinically diagnosed with COVID-19 during the current epidemic. These results suggested the urgent needs for standard of procedures(SOP) of sampling from different anatomic sites, sample transportation, optimization of RT-PCR, serology diagnosis/screening for SARS-CoV-2 infection, and distinct diagnosis from other respiratory diseases such as fluenza infections as well. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25786
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25786
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - A survey of 434 clinical trials about coronavirus disease 2019 in China
AU  - Leng, Zikuan
AU  - Yin, Dongfei
AU  - Zhao, Zhe
AU  - Yan, Miaoheng
AU  - Yang, Yanlei
AU  - He, Xijing
AU  - Zhao, Robert Chunhua
AU  - Liu, Hongjian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25779
UR  - http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/jmv.25779
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 and HIV
AU  - Joob, Beuy
AU  - Wiwanitkit, Viroj
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25782
UR  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus uses as binding site in humans angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 functional receptor that is involved in arterial blood pressure control and fibrotic response to damage and is a drug target in cardiovascular disease. Is this just a phylogenetic coincidence?
AU  - Ciulla, Michele M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25774
UR  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Might the many positive COVID19 subjects in Italy have been caused by resident bat-derived zoonotic β-coronaviruses instead of the Wuhan (China) outbreak?
AU  - Chirumbolo, Salvatore
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25777
UR  - http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/jmv.25777
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Organ-protective Effect of Angiotensin-converting Enzyme 2 and its Effect on the Prognosis of COVID-19
AU  - Cheng, Hao
AU  - Wang, Yan
AU  - Wang, Gui-Qiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This article reviews the correlation between ACE2 and severe risk factors for COVID-19 and the possible mechanisms. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is a crucial component of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). The classical RAS ACE-Ang II-AT1R regulatory axis and the ACE2-Ang1-7-MasR counter-regulatory axis play an essential role in maintaining homeostasis in humans. ACE2 is widely distributed in the heart, kidneys, lungs, and testes. ACE2 antagonizes the activation of the classical RAS system and protects against organ damage, protecting against hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Similar to SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2 also uses the ACE2 receptor to invade human alveolar epithelial cells. ARDS is a clinical high-mortality disease, and ACE2 has a protective effect on this type of acute lung injury. Current research shows that the poor prognosis of patients with COVID-19 is related to factors such as sex (male), age (higher than 60 years), underlying diseases (hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease), secondary ARDS, and other relevant factors. Because of these protective effects of ACE2 on chronic underlying diseases and ARDS, the development of spike protein-based vaccine and drugs enhancing ACE2 activity may become one of the most promising approaches for the treatment of COVID-19 in the future. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25785
UR  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Maternal health care management during the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
AU  - Chen, Yu
AU  - Li, Zhe
AU  - Zhang, Yuan-Yuan
AU  - Zhao, Wei-Hua
AU  - Yu, Zhi-Ying
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a novel type of highly contagious pneumonia caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Despite the strong efforts taken to control the epidemic, hundreds of thousands of people were infected worldwide by Mar. 11th, and was characterized as a pandemic by World Health Organization. Pregnant women are more susceptible to the virus due to immune and anatomic alteration, though hospital visits may increase the chance of infection, the lack of medical care during pregnancy may do more harm. Hence, a well-managed system that allows pregnant women to access maternal health care with minimum exposure risk is desired during the outbreak. Here, we present the managing processes of three pregnant women that had a fever during hospitalization at gynecology or obstetrics department, then further summarize and demonstrate our maternal health care management strategies including antenatal care planning, patient triage based on risk level, admission control, and measures counteracting emergencies and newly discovered high risk cases at in-patient department. In the meantime, we will explain the alterations we have done throughout different stages of the epidemic, and also review relative articles in both Chinese and English to compare our strategies with those of other areas. Although tens of COVID-19 cases were confirmed in our hospital, no nosocomial infection has occurred and none of the pregnant woman registered in our hospital was reported to be infected. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25787
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25787
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical analysis of pregnant women with 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - Chen, Siyu
AU  - Liao, E.
AU  - Shao, Yong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the pregnant women infected with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and provide help for clinical prevention and treatment. METHODS: All 5 cases of pregnant women confirmed COVID-19 were collected among patients who admitted in Maternal and Child Hospital of Hubei Province between January 20 and February 10, 2020. RESULTS: All patients, aging from 25 to 31 years old, had the gestational week from 38th weeks to 41st weeks. All pregnant women did not have an antepartum fever but developed a low-grade fever (37.5-38.5℃) within 24 hours after delivery. All patients had normal liver and renal function, two patients had elevated plasma levels of the myocardial enzyme. Unusual chest imaging manifestations, featured with ground-grass opacity, were frequently observed in bilateral (3 cases) or unilateral lobe (2 cases) by computed tomography (CT) scan. All labors smoothly processed, the Apgar scores were 10 one and five minutes after delivery, no complications were observed in the newborn. INTERPRETATION: Pregnancy and perinatal outcomes of patients with COVID-19 should receive more attention. It is probable that pregnant women diagnosed with COVID-19 have no fever before delivery. Their primary initial manifestations were merely low-grade postpartum fever or mild respiratory symptoms. Therefore, the protective measures are necessary on admission; the instant CT scan and real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase-chain-reaction (RT-PCR) assay should be helpful in early diagnosis and avoid cross-infection on the occasion that patients have fever and other respiratory signs. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25789
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Early antiviral treatment contributes to alleviate the severity and improve the prognosis of patients with novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19)
AU  - Wu, Jian
AU  - Li, Wei
AU  - Shi, Xiaowei
AU  - Chen, Zhongming
AU  - Jiang, Bin
AU  - Liu, Jun
AU  - Wang, Dawei
AU  - Liu, Chengyuan
AU  - Meng, Yiling
AU  - Cui, Leilei
AU  - Yu, Jiong
AU  - Cao, Hongcui
AU  - Li, Lanjuan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: At present, the severity of patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been a focal point. METHODS: To assess the factors associated with severity and prognosis of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, we retrospectively investigated the clinical, imaging, and laboratory characteristics of confirmed 280 cases of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) from January 20 to February 20, 2020. RESULTS: The median age of patients in the mild group was 37.55 years old, while that in the severe group was 63.04 years old. The proportion of patients over 65 years old in the severe group was significantly higher than that of the mild group (59.04% vs. 10.15%, P < 0.05). 85.54% of severe patients had diabetes or cardiovascular diseases, which was significantly higher than that of the mild group (51.81% vs 7.11%, P = 0.025; 33.73% vs 3.05%, P = 0.042). Patients in the mild group experienced earlier initiation of antiviral treatment (1.19 ± 0.45 vs 2.65 ± 1.06 days in the severe group, P < 0.001). Our study showed that comorbidity, time from illness onset to antiviral, and age >=65 were three major risk factors for COVID-19 progression, while comorbidity and time from illness onset to antiviral were two major risk factors for COVID-19 recovery. CONCLUSIONS: The elderly and patients with underlying diseases are more likely to experience a severe progression of COVID-19. It is recommended that timely antiviral treatment should be initiated to slow the disease progression and improve the prognosis.
JO  - Journal of internal medicine
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/joim.13063
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical features of COVID-19 in elderly patients: A comparison with young and middle-aged patients
AU  - Liu, Kai
AU  - Chen, Ying
AU  - Lin, Ruzheng
AU  - Han, Kunyuan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background Due to the general susceptibility of new coronaviruses, the clinical characteristics and outcomes of elderly and young patients may be different. Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of elderly patients with 2019 new-type coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19). Methods This is a retrospective study of patients with new coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) who were hospitalized in Hainan Provincial People's Hospital from January 15, 2020 to February 18, 2020. Compare the clinical characteristics of elderly with Young and Middle-aged patients. Results A total of 56 patients were enrolled 18 elderly patients (32.14%), and 38 young and middle-aged patients (67.86%). The most common symptoms in both groups were fever, followed by cough and sputum. Four patients in the elderly group received negative pressure ICU for mechanical ventilation, and five patients in the young and middle-aged group. One patient died in the elderly group (5.56%), and two patients died in the young and middle-aged group (5.26%). The PSI score of the elderly group was higher than that of the young and middle-aged group (P < 0.001). The proportion of patients with PSI grades IV and V was significantly higher in the elderly group than in the young and middle-aged group (P < 0.05). The proportion of multiple lobe involvement in the elderly group was higher than that in the young and middle-aged group (P < 0.001), and there was no difference in single lobe lesions between the two groups. The proportion of lymphocytes in the elderly group was significantly lower than that in the young and middle-aged group (P < 0.001), and the C-reactive protein was significantly higher in the young group (P < 0.001). The Lopinavir and Ritonavir Tablets, Chinese medicine, oxygen therapy, and mechanical ventilation were statistically different in the elderly group and the young and middle-aged group, and the P values were all <0.05. Interpretation The mortality of elderly patients with COVID-19 is higher than that of young and middle-aged patients, and the proportion of patients with PSI grade IV and V is significantly higher than that of young and middle-aged patients. Elderly patients with COVID-19 are more likely to progress to severe disease.
JO  - Journal of Infection
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DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.005
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016344532030116X
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Effects of hand disinfection with alcohol hand rub, ozonized water or soap water – time for reconsideration?
AU  - Breidablik, H. J.
AU  - Lysebo, D. E.
AU  - Johannesse, L.
AU  - Skare, Å
AU  - Kleiven, O.
AU  - Andersen, J. R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Summary We tested the effect of alcohol hand rub in eradicating Escherichia coli, and compared it with hand wash using ozonized tap water or soap and water. Alcohol eradicated all bacteria in 10 of 35 participants, but with an average (SD) of 2330 (4227) CFU/mL left after disinfection, while ozonized water removed all bacteria in 10 of 55 participants, with an average of only 538 (801) CFU/mL left (p=0.045). Soap washing was the most effective with total removal of bacteria in 6 of 20 participants, with an average of 98 (139) CFU/ml (p=0.048 and 0.018 versus ozonized water and alcohol, respectively).
JO  - Journal of Hospital Infection
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AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2020.03.014
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0195670120301134
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Dilemma of Organ Donation in Transplantation and The COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Woolley, Ann E.
AU  - Mehra, Mandeep R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healun.2020.03.017
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053249820314789
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Gastrointestinal endoscopy during COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Ang, Tiing Leong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jgh.15048
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jgh.15048
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Economic and Monetary Union at twenty: a stocktaking of a tumultuous second decade: introduction
AU  - Howarth, David
AU  - Verdun, Amy
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of European Integration
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 42
IS  - 3
PG  - 287-293
SP  - 287
EP  - 293
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/07036337.2020.1730348
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/07036337.2020.1730348
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prevalence and impact of diabetes among people infected with SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Fadini, G. P.
AU  - Morieri, M. L.
AU  - Longato, E.
AU  - Avogaro, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Endocrinological Investigation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s40618-020-01236-2
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s40618-020-01236-2
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Biological treatment during COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Sriwijitalai, Won
AU  - Wiwanitkit, Viroj
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Dermatological Treatment
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-1
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/09546634.2020.1749548
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/09546634.2020.1749548 https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09546634.2020.1749548
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 outbreak and inflammatory bowel disease management: a questionnaire survey from realistic practice
AU  - Bai, Xiaoyin
AU  - Yang, Hong
AU  - Qian, Jiaming
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Crohn's & colitis
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjaa064
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Metagenomic Nanopore sequencing of influenza virus direct from clinical respiratory samples
AU  - Lewandowski, K.
AU  - Xu, YiFei
AU  - Pullan, S. T.
AU  - Lumley, S. F.
AU  - Foster, D.
AU  - Sanderson, N.
AU  - Vaughan, A.
AU  - Morgan, M.
AU  - Bright, N.
AU  - Kavanagh, J.
AU  - Vipond, R.
AU  - Carroll, M.
AU  - Marriott, A. C.
AU  - Gooch, K. E.
AU  - Andersson, M.
AU  - Jeffery, K.
AU  - Peto, T. E. A.
AU  - Crook, D. W.
AU  - Walker, A. S.
AU  - Matthews, P. C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Influenza is a major global public health threat as a result of its highly pathogenic variants, large zoonotic reservoir, and pandemic potential. Metagenomic viral sequencing offers the potential for a diagnostic test for influenza virus which also provides insights on transmission, evolution, and drug resistance and simultaneously detects other viruses. We therefore set out to apply the Oxford Nanopore Technologies sequencing method to metagenomic sequencing of respiratory samples. We generated influenza virus reads down to a limit of detection of 102 to 103 genome copies/ml in pooled samples, observing a strong relationship between the viral titer and the proportion of influenza virus reads (P=4.7×10-5). Applying our methods to clinical throat swabs, we generated influenza virus reads for 27/27 samples with mid-to-high viral titers (cycle threshold [CT] values, &lt;30) and 6/13 samples with low viral titers (CT values, 30 to 40). No false-positive reads were generated from 10 influenza virus-negative samples. Thus, Nanopore sequencing operated with 83% sensitivity (95% confidence interval [CI], 67 to 93%) and 100% specificity (95% CI, 69 to 100%) compared to the current diagnostic standard. Coverage of full-length virus was dependent on sample composition, being negatively influenced by increased host and bacterial reads. However, at high influenza virus titers, we were able to reconstruct &gt;99% complete sequences for all eight gene segments. We also detected a human coronavirus coinfection in one clinical sample. While further optimization is required to improve sensitivity, this approach shows promise for the Nanopore platform to be used in the diagnosis and genetic analysis of influenza virus and other respiratory viruses.
JO  - Journal of Clinical Microbiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 58
IS  - 1
PG  - e00963
SP  - e00963
EP  - 
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DO  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2: A Storm is Raging
AU  - Pedersen, Savannah F.
AU  - Ho, Ya-Chi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The pandemic coronavirus infectious disease (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is rapidly spreading across the globe. In this issue of the JCI, Chen and colleagues compared the clinical and immunologic characteristics between moderate versus severe COVID-19. The authors found that respiratory distress on admission is associated with unfavorable outcomes. Increased cytokine levels (IL-6, IL-10 and TNFα), lymphopenia (in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells), and decreased IFNγ expression in CD4+ T cells are associated with severe COVID-19. Overall, this study characterized the cytokine storm in severe COVID-19 and provides insights into immune therapeutics and vaccine design.
JO  - The Journal of clinical investigation
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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AN  - 
DO  - 10.1172/JCI137647
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical and immunologic features in severe and moderate Coronavirus Disease 2019
AU  - Chen, Guang
AU  - Wu, Di
AU  - Guo, Wei
AU  - Cao, Yong
AU  - Huang, Da
AU  - Wang, Hongwu
AU  - Wang, Tao
AU  - Zhang, Xiaoyun
AU  - Chen, Huilong
AU  - Yu, Haijing
AU  - Zhang, Xiaoping
AU  - Zhang, Minxia
AU  - Wu, Shiji
AU  - Song, Jianxin
AU  - Chen, Tao
AU  - Han, Meifang
AU  - Li, Shusheng
AU  - Luo, Xiaoping
AU  - Zhao, Jianping
AU  - Ning, Qin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Since December 2019, an outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in Wuhan, and is now becoming a global threat. We aimed to delineate and compare the immunologic features of severe and moderate COVID-19. METHODS: In this retrospective study, the clinical and immunologic characteristics of 21 patients (17 male and 4 female) with COVID-19 were analyzed. These patients were classified as severe (11 cases) and moderate (10 cases) according to the Guidelines released by the National Health Commission of China. RESULTS: The median age of severe and moderate cases was 61.0 and 52.0 years, respectively. Common clinical manifestations included fever, cough and fatigue. Compared to moderate cases, severe cases more frequently had dyspnea, lymphopenia, and hypoalbuminemia, with higher levels of alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, C-reactive protein, ferritin and D-dimer as well as markedly higher levels of IL-2R, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α. Absolute number of T lymphocytes, CD4+T and CD8+T cells decreased in nearly all the patients, and were markedly lower in severe cases (294.0, 177.5 and 89.0 × 106/L) than moderate cases (640.5, 381.5 and 254.0 × 106/L). The expressions of IFN-γ by CD4+T cells tended to be lower in severe cases (14.1%) than moderate cases (22.8%). CONCLUSION: The SARS-CoV-2 infection may affect primarily T lymphocytes particularly CD4+T and CD8+ T cells, resulting in decrease in numbers as well as IFN-γ production. These potential immunological markers may be of importance due to their correlation with disease severity in COVID-19.
JO  - The Journal of clinical investigation
PB  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1172/JCI137244
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Response and Operating Room Preparation for the COVID-19 Outbreak: A Perspective from the National Heart Centre Singapore
AU  - Tan, Dr Zihui
AU  - Phoon, Dr Priscilla Hui Yi
AU  - Zeng, Ling Antonia
AU  - Jing, Fu
AU  - Ting, Lim Xiao
AU  - Tan, Teing Ee
AU  - Loh, Kenny Wei-Tsen
AU  - Huat, Goh Meng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of COVID-19, a respiratory disease from a novel coronavirus that was first detected in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China is now a public health emergency and fast approaching a pandemic. Singapore, as a major international transportation hub in Asia, is one of the worst hit countries of COVID-19. With the advent of local transmission of cases, we share our preparation and response planning for the operating room from the National Heart Centre Singapore, the largest cardiothoracic tertiary center in Singapore. Protection of staff and patients, environmental concerns as well as other logistic and equipment issues must be considered.
JO  - Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2020.03.050
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053077020303001
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Protecting high-risk cardiac patients during the Covid-19 outbreak
AU  - Pisano, Antonio
AU  - Landoni, Giovanni
AU  - Zangrillo, Alberto
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1053/j.jvca.2020.03.043
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053077020302937 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1053077020302937
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Anesthesia Management and Perioperative Infection Control in Patients with the Novel Coronavirus
AU  - Li, Weixia
AU  - Huang, Jiapeng
AU  - Guo, Xiangyang
AU  - Zhao, Jing
AU  - Mandell, M. Susan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1053/j.jvca.2020.03.035
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053077020302846 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1053077020302846
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Perioperative Echocardiography – Key Considerations during the Coronavirus Pandemic
AU  - Augoustides, John G.
AU  - Augoustides, John G. T.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2020.03.046
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053077020302962
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Assessment of health information about the prevention of COVID-19 on the Internet
AU  - Hernández-García, Ignacio
AU  - Giménez-Júlvez, Teresa
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: The Internet is a large source of health information, and it has the capacity to influence its users. However, the information found on the Internet often lacks scientific rigor, as anyone may upload its content. This factor is a cause of great concern to scientific societies, governments, and users. OBJECTIVE: The objective of our study was to investigate the information about the prevention of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on the Internet. METHODS: On 2020-02-29 we performed a Google search with the terms "Prevention coronavirus", "Prevention COVID-19", "Prevención coronavirus", and "Prevención COVID-19". A univariate analysis was performed to study the association between the type of authorship, and country of publication, and recommendations to avoid COVID-19 according to the World Health Organization. RESULTS: In total, 80 weblinks were reviewed. Most of them were produced in the USA and Spain (72.5%), by digital media and official public health organizations (75.1%). The most mentioned WHO preventive measure was "wash your hands frequently" (81.3%). Less frequent recommendation was related to "stay home if you feel unwell" (32.5%). The analysis by type of author (official public health organizations versus digital media) revealed significant differences regarding the recommendation to wear a mask if you are healthy only if caring for a person with suspected COVID-19 (OR = 4.39). According to country of publication (Spain versus the USA) significant differences were detected regarding some recommendations, such as "wash your hands frequently" (OR = 9.82), "cover your mouth and nose with your bent elbow or tissue when you cough or sneeze" (OR = 4.59), or "stay home if you feel unwell" (OR = 0.31). CONCLUSIONS: It is necessary to urge and promote the use of the websites of official public health organizations when seeking information on COVID-19 preventive measures on the Internet. In this way, they will be able to obtain high-quality information more frequently, and such websites may improve their accessibility and positioning given that search engines justify the positioning of links obtained in a search based on the frequency of access to them.
JO  - JMIR public health and surveillance
PB  - 
CY  - 
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IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2196/18717
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Digital Mental Health and COVID-19: Using Technology Today to Accelerate the Curve on Access and Quality Tomorrow
AU  - Torous, John
AU  - Jän Myrick, Keris
AU  - Rauseo-Ricupero, Natali
AU  - Firth, Joseph
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As interest in and use of telehealth during the COVID-19 global pandemic increase, the potential of digital health to increase access and quality of mental health is becoming clear. Although the world today must “flatten the curve” of spread of the virus, we argue that now is the time to “accelerate and bend the curve” on digital health. Increased investments in digital health today will yield unprecedented access to high-quality mental health care. Focusing on personal experiences and projects from our diverse authorship team, we share selected examples of digital health innovations while acknowledging that no single piece can discuss all the impressive global efforts past and present. Exploring the success of telehealth during the present crisis and how technologies like apps can soon play a larger role, we discuss the need for workforce training, high-quality evidence, and digital equity among other factors critical for bending the curve further.
JO  - JMIR Mental Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 7
IS  - 3
PG  - e18848-e18848
SP  - e18848
EP  - e18848
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2196/18848
UR  - http://mental.jmir.org/2020/3/e18848/
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Potential Effects of Coronaviruses on the Cardiovascular System: A Review
AU  - Madjid, Mohammad
AU  - Safavi-Naeini, Payam
AU  - Solomon, Scott D.
AU  - Vardeny, Orly
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Importance Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has reached a pandemic level. Coronaviruses are known to affect the cardiovascular system. We review the basics of coronaviruses, with a focus on COVID-19, along with their effects on the cardiovascular system. Observations Coronavirus disease 2019 can cause a viral pneumonia with additional extrapulmonary manifestations and complications. A large proportion of patients have underlying cardiovascular disease and/or cardiac risk factors. Factors associated with mortality include male sex, advanced age, and presence of comorbidities including hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, and cerebrovascular diseases. Acute cardiac injury determined by elevated high-sensitivity troponin levels is commonly observed in severe cases and is strongly associated with mortality. Acute respiratory distress syndrome is also strongly associated with mortality. Conclusions and Relevance Coronavirus disease 2019 is associated with a high inflammatory burden that can induce vascular inflammation, myocarditis, and cardiac arrhythmias. Extensive efforts are underway to find specific vaccines and antivirals against SARS-CoV-2. Meanwhile, cardiovascular risk factors and conditions should be judiciously controlled per evidence-based guidelines.
JO  - JAMA cardiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jamacardio.2020.1286
UR  - https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamacardiology/fullarticle/2763846 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32219363
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cardiac Involvement in a Patient With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
AU  - Inciardi, Riccardo M.
AU  - Lupi, Laura
AU  - Zaccone, Gregorio
AU  - Italia, Leonardo
AU  - Raffo, Michela
AU  - Tomasoni, Daniela
AU  - Cani, Dario S.
AU  - Cerini, Manuel
AU  - Farina, Davide
AU  - Gavazzi, Emanuele
AU  - Maroldi, Roberto
AU  - Adamo, Marianna
AU  - Ammirati, Enrico
AU  - Sinagra, Gianfranco
AU  - Lombardi, Carlo M.
AU  - Metra, Marco
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <h3>Importance</h3><p>Virus infection has been widely described as one of the most common causes of myocarditis. However, less is known about the cardiac involvement as a complication of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection.</p><h3>Objective</h3><p>To describe the presentation of acute myocardial inflammation in a patient with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) who recovered from the influenzalike syndrome and developed fatigue and signs and symptoms of heart failure a week after upper respiratory tract symptoms.</p><h3>Design, Setting, and Participant</h3><p>This case report describes an otherwise healthy 53-year-old woman who tested positive for COVID-19 and was admitted to the cardiac care unit in March 2020 for acute myopericarditis with systolic dysfunction, confirmed on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, the week after onset of fever and dry cough due to COVID-19. The patient did not show any respiratory involvement during the clinical course.</p><h3>Exposure</h3><p>Cardiac involvement with COVID-19.</p><h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3><p>Detection of cardiac involvement with an increase in levels of N-terminal pro–brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and high-sensitivity troponin T, echocardiography changes, and diffuse biventricular myocardial edema and late gadolinium enhancement on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>An otherwise healthy 53-year-old white woman presented to the emergency department with severe fatigue. She described fever and dry cough the week before. She was afebrile but hypotensive; electrocardiography showed diffuse ST elevation, and elevated high-sensitivity troponin T and NT-proBNP levels were detected. Findings on chest radiography were normal. There was no evidence of obstructive coronary disease on coronary angiography. Based on the COVID-19 outbreak, a nasopharyngeal swab was performed, with a positive result for SARS-CoV-2 on real-time reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction assay. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging showed increased wall thickness with diffuse biventricular hypokinesis, especially in the apical segments, and severe left ventricular dysfunction (left ventricular ejection fraction of 35%). Short tau inversion recovery and T2-mapping sequences showed marked biventricular myocardial interstitial edema, and there was also diffuse late gadolinium enhancement involving the entire biventricular wall. There was a circumferential pericardial effusion that was most notable around the right cardiac chambers. These findings were all consistent with acute myopericarditis. She was treated with dobutamine, antiviral drugs (lopinavir/ritonavir), steroids, chloroquine, and medical treatment for heart failure, with progressive clinical and instrumental stabilization.</p><h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3><p>This case highlights cardiac involvement as a complication associated with COVID-19, even without symptoms and signs of interstitial pneumonia.</p>
JO  - JAMA Cardiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jamacardio.2020.1096
UR  - https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamacardiology/fullarticle/2763843
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cardiovascular Implications of Fatal Outcomes of Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
AU  - Guo, Tao
AU  - Fan, Yongzhen
AU  - Chen, Ming
AU  - Wu, Xiaoyan
AU  - Zhang, Lin
AU  - He, Tao
AU  - Wang, Hairong
AU  - Wan, Jing
AU  - Wang, Xinghuan
AU  - Lu, Zhibing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Importance Increasing numbers of confirmed cases and mortality rates of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are occurring in several countries and continents. Information regarding the impact of cardiovascular complication on fatal outcome is scarce. Objective To evaluate the association of underlying cardiovascular disease (CVD) and myocardial injury with fatal outcomes in patients with COVID-19. Design, Setting, and Participants This retrospective single-center case series analyzed patients with COVID-19 at the Seventh Hospital of Wuhan City, China, from January 23, 2020, to February 23, 2020. Analysis began February 25, 2020. Main Outcomes and Measures Demographic data, laboratory findings, comorbidities, and treatments were collected and analyzed in patients with and without elevation of troponin T (TnT) levels. Result Among 187 patients with confirmed COVID-19, 144 patients (77%) were discharged and 43 patients (23%) died. The mean (SD) age was 58.50 (14.66) years. Overall, 66 (35.3%) had underlying CVD including hypertension, coronary heart disease, and cardiomyopathy, and 52 (27.8%) exhibited myocardial injury as indicated by elevated TnT levels. The mortality during hospitalization was 7.62% (8 of 105) for patients without underlying CVD and normal TnT levels, 13.33% (4 of 30) for those with underlying CVD and normal TnT levels, 37.50% (6 of 16) for those without underlying CVD but elevated TnT levels, and 69.44% (25 of 36) for those with underlying CVD and elevated TnTs. Patients with underlying CVD were more likely to exhibit elevation of TnT levels compared with the patients without CVD (36 [54.5%] vs 16 [13.2%]). Plasma TnT levels demonstrated a high and significantly positive linear correlation with plasma high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels (β = 0.530, P < .001) and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels (β = 0.613, P < .001). Plasma TnT and NT-proBNP levels during hospitalization (median [interquartile range (IQR)], 0.307 [0.094-0.600]; 1902.00 [728.35-8100.00]) and impending death (median [IQR], 0.141 [0.058-0.860]; 5375 [1179.50-25695.25]) increased significantly compared with admission values (median [IQR], 0.0355 [0.015-0.102]; 796.90 [401.93-1742.25]) in patients who died (P = .001; P < .001), while no significant dynamic changes of TnT (median [IQR], 0.010 [0.007-0.019]; 0.013 [0.007-0.022]; 0.011 [0.007-0.016]) and NT-proBNP (median [IQR], 352.20 [174.70-636.70]; 433.80 [155.80-1272.60]; 145.40 [63.4-526.50]) was observed in survivors (P = .96; P = .16). During hospitalization, patients with elevated TnT levels had more frequent malignant arrhythmias, and the use of glucocorticoid therapy (37 [71.2%] vs 69 [51.1%]) and mechanical ventilation (41 [59.6%] vs 14 [10.4%]) were higher compared with patients with normal TnT levels. The mortality rates of patients with and without use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers was 36.8% (7 of 19) and 25.6% (43 of 168). Conclusions and Relevance Myocardial injury is significantly associated with fatal outcome of COVID-19, while the prognosis of patients with underlying CVD but without myocardial injury is relatively favorable. Myocardial injury is associated with cardiac dysfunction and arrhythmias. Inflammation may be a potential mechanism for myocardial injury. Aggressive treatment may be considered for patients at high risk of myocardial injury.
JO  - JAMA cardiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jamacardio.2020.1017
UR  - https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamacardiology/fullarticle/2763845 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32219356
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Association of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) With Myocardial Injury and Mortality
AU  - Bonow, Robert O.
AU  - Fonarow, Gregg C.
AU  - O'Gara, Patrick T.
AU  - Yancy, Clyde W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA cardiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jamacardio.2020.1105
UR  - 
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Framework for Rationing Ventilators and Critical Care Beds During the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - White, Douglas B.
AU  - Lo, Bernard
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.5046
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Treatment of 5 Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19 With Convalescent Plasma
AU  - Shen, Chenguang
AU  - Wang, Zhaoqin
AU  - Zhao, Fang
AU  - Yang, Yang
AU  - Li, Jinxiu
AU  - Yuan, Jing
AU  - Wang, Fuxiang
AU  - Li, Delin
AU  - Yang, Minghui
AU  - Xing, Li
AU  - Wei, Jinli
AU  - Xiao, Haixia
AU  - Yang, Yan
AU  - Qu, Jiuxin
AU  - Qing, Ling
AU  - Chen, Li
AU  - Xu, Zhixiang
AU  - Peng, Ling
AU  - Li, Yanjie
AU  - Zheng, Haixia
AU  - Chen, Feng
AU  - Huang, Kun
AU  - Jiang, Yujing
AU  - Liu, Dongjing
AU  - Zhang, Zheng
AU  - Liu, Yingxia
AU  - Liu, Lei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Importance Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic with no specific therapeutic agents and substantial mortality. It is critical to find new treatments. Objective To determine whether convalescent plasma transfusion may be beneficial in the treatment of critically ill patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Design, Setting, and Participants Case series of 5 critically ill patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) who met the following criteria: severe pneumonia with rapid progression and continuously high viral load despite antiviral treatment; Pao2/Fio2 <300; and mechanical ventilation. All 5 were treated with convalescent plasma transfusion. The study was conducted at the infectious disease department, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital in Shenzhen, China, from January 20, 2020, to March 25, 2020; final date of follow-up was March 25, 2020. Clinical outcomes were compared before and after convalescent plasma transfusion. Exposures Patients received transfusion with convalescent plasma with a SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody (IgG) binding titer greater than 1:1000 (end point dilution titer, by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA]) and a neutralization titer greater than 40 (end point dilution titer) that had been obtained from 5 patients who recovered from COVID-19. Convalescent plasma was administered between 10 and 22 days after admission. Main Outcomes and Measures Changes of body temperature, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score (range 0-24, with higher scores indicating more severe illness), Pao2/Fio2, viral load, serum antibody titer, routine blood biochemical index, ARDS, and ventilatory and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) supports before and after convalescent plasma transfusion. Results All 5 patients (age range, 36-65 years; 2 women) were receiving mechanical ventilation at the time of treatment and all had received antiviral agents and methylprednisolone. Following plasma transfusion, body temperature normalized within 3 days in 4 of 5 patients, the SOFA score decreased, and Pao2/Fio2 increased within 12 days (range, 172-276 before and 284-366 after). Viral loads also decreased and became negative within 12 days after the transfusion, and SARS-CoV-2-specific ELISA and neutralizing antibody titers increased following the transfusion (range, 40-60 before and 80-320 on day 7). ARDS resolved in 4 patients at 12 days after transfusion, and 3 patients were weaned from mechanical ventilation within 2 weeks of treatment. Of the 5 patients, 3 have been discharged from the hospital (length of stay: 53, 51, and 55 days), and 2 are in stable condition at 37 days after transfusion. Conclusions and Relevance In this preliminary uncontrolled case series of 5 critically ill patients with COVID-19 and ARDS, administration of convalescent plasma containing neutralizing antibody was followed by improvement in their clinical status. The limited sample size and study design preclude a definitive statement about the potential effectiveness of this treatment, and these observations require evaluation in clinical trials.
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.4783
UR  - https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2763983 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32219428
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Convalescent Plasma to Treat COVID-19: Possibilities and Challenges
AU  - Roback, John D.
AU  - Guarner, Jeannette
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.4940
UR  - 
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Management of Critically Ill Adults With COVID-19
AU  - Poston, Jason T.
AU  - Patel, Bhakti K.
AU  - Davis, Andrew M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.4914
UR  - 
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Sourcing Personal Protective Equipment During the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Livingston, Edward
AU  - Desai, Angel
AU  - Berkwits, Michael
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.5317
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Toward Universal Deployable Guidelines for the Care of Patients With COVID-19
AU  - Lamontagne, Francois
AU  - Angus, Derek C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.5110
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Can SARS-CoV-2 Infection Be Acquired In Utero?: More Definitive Evidence Is Needed
AU  - Kimberlin, David W.
AU  - Stagno, Sergio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.4868
UR  - 
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Possible Vertical Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 From an Infected Mother to Her Newborn
AU  - Dong, Lan
AU  - Tian, Jinhua
AU  - He, Songming
AU  - Zhu, Chuchao
AU  - Wang, Jian
AU  - Liu, Chen
AU  - Yang, Jing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.4621
UR  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Importance of Addressing Advance Care Planning and Decisions About Do-Not-Resuscitate Orders During Novel Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19)
AU  - Curtis, J. Randall
AU  - Kross, Erin K.
AU  - Stapleton, Renee D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.4894
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Turbulent Gas Clouds and Respiratory Pathogen Emissions: Potential Implications for Reducing Transmission of COVID-19
AU  - Bourouiba, Lydia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.4756
UR  - 
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Heart Failure Collaboratory Statement on Clinical Trials in the Landscape of COVID-19
AU  - Abraham, William T.
AU  - Fiuzat, Mona
AU  - Psotka, Mitchell A.
AU  - O’Connor, Christopher M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JACC: Heart Failure
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jchf.2020.03.005
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213177920301530
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Reacquainting Cardiology with Mechanical Ventilation in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Gage, Ann
AU  - Higgins, Andrew
AU  - Lee, Ran
AU  - Panhwar, Muhammad Siyab
AU  - Kalra, Ankur
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JACC: Case Reports
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaccas.2020.03.007
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666084920303223
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Gains from the Novel Corona Virus
AU  - Chung, Min Suk
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - No abstract available.
JO  - J Korean Med Sci
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 35
IS  - 12
PG  - e136
SP  - e136
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e136
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chronic kidney disease is associated with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection
AU  - Henry, Brandon Michael
AU  - Lippi, Giuseppe
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International Urology and Nephrology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11255-020-02451-9
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11255-020-02451-9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - ASPHER statement on the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak emergency
AU  - Middleton, John
AU  - Martin-Moreno, Jose M.
AU  - Barros, Henrique
AU  - Chambaud, Laurent
AU  - Signorelli, Carlo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International Journal of Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00038-020-01362-x
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00038-020-01362-x
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Papa Giovanni XXIII Bergamo Hospital at the time of the COVID-19 outbreak: letter from the warfront
AU  - Buoro, Sabrina
AU  - Di Marco, Fabiano
AU  - Rizzi, Marco
AU  - Fabretti, Fabrizio
AU  - Lorini, Ferdinando Luca
AU  - Cesa, Simonetta
AU  - Fagiuoli, Stefano
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In early December 2019, the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) was identified as the agent responsible for the first pneumonia cases of unknown origin in Wuhan, the capital of the Hubei region in China. The virus has been identified as a novel enveloped RNA betacoronavirus2 , that has been promptly named SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2). The World Health Organization (WHO), on January 12, 2020 declared the COVID-19 a public health emergency of international concern. On March 11, the WHO made the assessment that COVID-19 can be characterized as a pandemic.
JO  - International journal of laboratory hematology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/ijlh.13207
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Risk-adapted Treatment Strategy For COVID-19 Patients
AU  - Zheng, Changcheng
AU  - Wang, Jinquan
AU  - Guo, Hui
AU  - Lu, Zhaohui
AU  - Ma, Yan
AU  - Zhu, Yuyou
AU  - Xia, Daqing
AU  - Wang, Yinzhong
AU  - He, Hongliang
AU  - Zhou, Jian
AU  - Wang, Yong
AU  - Fei, Mingming
AU  - Yin, Yihong
AU  - Zheng, Mao
AU  - Xu, Yehong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background There are no clear expert consensus or guidelines on how to treat 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19). The objective of this study is to investigate the short-term effect of risk-adapted treatment strategy on patients with COVID-19. Methods We collected the medical records of 55 COVID-19 patients for analysis. We divided these patients into mild, moderate and severe groups, and risk-adapted treatment approaches were given according to the illness severity. Results Twelve patients were in mild group and 22 were in moderate group (non-severe group, n=34), and 21 patients were in severe group. At the end of the first two weeks after admission, clinical manifestations had completely despeared in 31(91.2%)patients in non-severe group, and 18(85.7%) patients in severe group (p=0.85). Both groups had a satisfied chest CT imaging recovery, which includes 22(64.7%) patients in non-severe group and 12(57.1%) patients in severe group recovered at least 50% of the whole leisions in the first week, and 28(82.4%) and 16(76.2%) recovered at least 75% in the second week, respectively. There were no significant differences in SARS-CoV-2 RNA clearance between two group (p=0.92). There were also no significant differences in the levels of SARS-CoV-2-IgM and IgG antibody production between the two groups (p=0.13, 0.62). There were 45 cases were discharged from the hospital, and no patients died at the time of this clinical analysis. Conclusions Risk-adapted treatment strategy was associated with significant clinical manifestations alleviation and clinical imaging recovery. In severe COVID-19 patients, early and short-term use of low-dose methylprednisolone was beneficial and did not delay SARS-CoV-2 RNA clearance and influence IgG antibody production.
JO  - International Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.03.047
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S120197122030179X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Monitoring Transmissibility and Mortality of COVID-19 in Europe
AU  - Yuan, Jing
AU  - Li, Minghui
AU  - Lv, Gang
AU  - Lu, Z. Kevin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objectives As a global pandemic is inevitable, real-time monitoring of transmission is vital for containing the spread of COVID-19. The main objective was to report real-time effective reproduction numbers (R(t)) case fatality rate (CFR). Methods Data were mainly obtained from WHO website, up to 9 March 2020. R(t) was estimated by exponential growth rate (EG) and time dependent (TD) methods. “R0” package in R was employed to estimate R(t) by fitting the existing epidemic curve. Both naïve CFR (nCFR) and adjust CFR (aCFR) were estimated. Results In EG method, R(t) was 3.27 [3.17-3.38] for Italy, 6.32 [5.72-6.99] for France, 6.07 [5.51-6.69] for Germany, 5.08 [4.51-5.74] for Spain. With TD method, the R value for March 9 was 3.10 [2.21-4.11] for Italy, 6.56 [2.04-12.26] for France, 4.43 [1.83-7.92] for Germany, and 3.95 [0-10.19] for Spain. Conclusions This study provides important findings on an early outbreak of COVID-19 in Europe. Due to the recent rapid increase in new cases of COVID-19, real-time monitoring of the transmissibility and mortality in Spain and France is a priority
JO  - International Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.03.050
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S120197122030182X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Global Pandemic: Options for Management of Gynecologic Cancers
AU  - Ramirez, Pedro T.
AU  - Chiva, Luis
AU  - Eriksson, Ane Gerda Z.
AU  - Frumovitz, Michael
AU  - Fagotti, Anna
AU  - Gonzalez Martin, Antonio
AU  - Jhingran, Anuja
AU  - Pareja, Rene
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International journal of gynecological cancer : official journal of the International Gynecological Cancer Society
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/ijgc-2020-001419
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Response to the COVID-19 Epidemic: The Chinese Experience and Implications for Other Countries
AU  - Liu, Wei
AU  - Yue, Xiao-Guang
AU  - Tchounwou, Paul B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The ongoing outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) that occurred in China is rapidly spreading globally. China&rsquo;s bond and strict containment measures have been proved (in practice) to significantly reduce the spread of the epidemic. This was obtained through the use of emergency control measures in the epidemic areas and the integration of resources from multiple systems, including business, community, technology, education, and transportation, across the country. In order to better understand how China has managed to reduce the public health and economic impacts of the COVID-19 epidemic, this editorial systematically reviews the specific measures for infection prevention and control of the disease. The best practices for COVID-19 eradication in China provide evidence-based strategies that could be replicated in other countries.
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, Vol. 17, Page 2304
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 17
IS  - 7
PG  - 2304-2304
SP  - 2304
EP  - 2304
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/IJERPH17072304
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/7/2304
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Quarantine Vehicle Scheduling for Transferring High-Risk Individuals in Epidemic Areas
AU  - Zhang, Min-Xia
AU  - Yan, Hong-Fan
AU  - Wu, Jia-Yu
AU  - Zheng, Yu-Jun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In a large-scale epidemic outbreak, there can be many high-risk individuals to be transferred for medical isolation in epidemic areas. Typically, the individuals are scattered across different locations, and available quarantine vehicles are limited. Therefore, it is challenging to efficiently schedule the vehicles to transfer the individuals to isolated regions to control the spread of the epidemic. In this paper, we formulate such a quarantine vehicle scheduling problem for high-risk individual transfer, which is more difficult than most well-known vehicle routing problems. To efficiently solve this problem, we propose a hybrid algorithm based on the water wave optimization (WWO) metaheuristic and neighborhood search. The metaheuristic uses a small population to rapidly explore the solution space, and the neighborhood search uses a gradual strategy to improve the solution accuracy. Computational results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm significantly outperforms several existing algorithms and obtains high-quality solutions on real-world problem instances for high-risk individual transfer in Hangzhou, China, during the peak period of the novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19).
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, Vol. 17, Page 2275
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 17
IS  - 7
PG  - 2275-2275
SP  - 2275
EP  - 2275
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/IJERPH17072275
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/7/2275
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Social media and moral panics: Assessing the effects of technological change on societal reaction
AU  - Walsh, James P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Answering calls for deeper consideration of the relationship between moral panics and emergent media systems, this exploratory article assesses the effects of social media ? web-based venues that enable and encourage the production and exchange of user-generated content. Contra claims of their empowering and deflationary consequences, it finds that, on balance, recent technological transformations unleash and intensify collective alarm. Whether generating fear about social change, sharpening social distance, or offering new opportunities for vilifying outsiders, distorting communications, manipulating public opinion, and mobilizing embittered individuals, digital platforms and communications constitute significant targets, facilitators, and instruments of panic production. The conceptual implications of these findings are considered.
JO  - International Journal of Cultural Studies
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1367877920912257-1367877920912257
SP  - 1367877920912257
EP  - 1367877920912257
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/1367877920912257
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1177/1367877920912257
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Providing pharmacy services during the coronavirus pandemic
AU  - Liu, Shao
AU  - Luo, Ping
AU  - Tang, Mimi
AU  - Hu, Qin
AU  - Polidoro, Joseph P.
AU  - Sun, Shusen
AU  - Gong, Zhicheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) is quickly spreading across China and globally. Pharmacy services are an important pillar in public health to prevent and contain the COVID-19 pandemic. Chinese pharmacists have acted swiftly in the public health response in China, such as drafting professional service guidance to pharmacists and pharmacies, establishing emergency drug formularies, monitoring and resolving drug shortages, establishing remote pharmacy services to prevent human-to-human infections, providing event-driven pharmaceutical care, educating the public on infection prevention and disease management, and participating in clinical trials and drug evaluation. This commentary reviews the unique needs of pharmacy services in the COVID-19 pandemic, and shares our experiences with the international pharmacy community in the response to these needs.
JO  - International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-6
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11096-020-01017-0
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11096-020-01017-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The cardiovascular burden of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with a focus on congenital heart disease
AU  - Tan, Weiyi
AU  - Aboulhosn, Jamil
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by a novel betacoronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was first described in a cluster of patients presenting with pneumonia symptoms in Wuhan, China, in December of 2019. Over the past few months, COVID-19 has developed into a worldwide pandemic, with over 400,000 documented cases globally as of March 24, 2020. The SARS-CoV-2 virus is most likely of zoonotic origin, but has been shown to have effective human-to-human transmission. COVID-19 results in mild symptoms in the majority of infected patients, but can cause severe lung injury, cardiac injury, and death. Given the novel nature of COVID-19, no established treatment beyond supportive care exists currently, but extensive public-health measures to reduce person-to-person transmission of COVID-19 have been implemented globally to curb the spread of disease, reduce the burden on healthcare systems, and protect vulnerable populations, including the elderly and those with underlying medical comorbidities. Since this is an emerging infectious disease, there is, as of yet, limited data on the effects of this infection on patients with cardiovascular disease, particularly so for those with congenital heart disease. We summarize herewith the early experience with COVID-19 and consider the potential applicability to and implications for patients with cardiovascular disease in general and congenital heart disease in particular.
JO  - International Journal of Cardiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2020.03.063
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016752732031593X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The cytokine release syndrome (CRS) of severe COVID-19 and Interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R) antagonist Tocilizumab may be the key to reduce the mortality
AU  - Zhang, Chi
AU  - Wu, Zhao
AU  - Li, Jia-Wen
AU  - Zhao, Hong
AU  - Wang, Gui-Qiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, a viral pneumonia (COVID-19) from Wuhan, China has swept the world. Although the case fatality rate is not high, the number of people infected is large, and there are still a large number of patients dying. With the collation and publication of more and more clinical data, a large number of data suggest that there are mild or severe cytokine storms in severe patients, which is also an important cause of death. Therefore, the treatment of cytokine storm has become an important part of rescuing severe patients. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) plays an important role in cytokine release syndrome (CRS). If it can block the signal transduction pathway of IL-6, it is expected to become a new method for the treatment of severe patients. Tocilizumab is a blocker of IL-6R, which can effectively block IL-6 signal transduction pathway. So, tocilizumab is likely to become an effective drug for patients with severe COVID-19.
JO  - International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 105954-105954
SP  - 105954
EP  - 105954
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105954
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0924857920301047
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19
AU  - Zhai, Pan
AU  - Ding, Yanbing
AU  - Wu, Xia
AU  - Long, Junke
AU  - Zhong, Yanjun
AU  - Li, Yiming
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, the outbreak of the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in China spread worldwide, becoming an emergency of major international concern. SARS-CoV-2 infection causes clusters of severe respiratory illness similar to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus. Human-to-human transmission has been described with incubation times between 2-14 days, facilitating its spread via droplets, contaminated hands or surfaces. Early diagnosis, quarantine, and supportive treatments are essential to cure patients. We therefore reviewed the literature on all available information about the epidemiology, diagnosis, isolation and treatments of COVID-19. Treatments, including antiviral agents, chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, corticosteroids, antibodies, convalescent plasma transfusion and vaccines, will be discussed in this article. Additionally, registered trials about treatment were listed to develop approaches for the current urgent demand for therapy.
JO  - International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 105955-105955
SP  - 105955
EP  - 105955
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105955
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0924857920301059
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): current status and future perspective
AU  - Li, Heng
AU  - Liu, Shang-Ming
AU  - Yu, Xiao-Hua
AU  - Tang, Shi-Lin
AU  - Tang, Chao-Ke
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is derived from Wuhan city, Hubei province of China, has spread quickly in 72 countries to date. COVID-19 is caused by a novel coronavirus SARS-CoV2, previously 2019-nCoV. At present, the newly identified SARS-CoV2 has caused a large number of deaths with tens of thousands of confirmed cases worldwide, posing a serious threat to public health. However, there are no clinically approved vaccines or specific therapeutic drugs available for COVID-19. Intensive research on the newly emerged COVID-19 is urgently needed to elucidate their pathogenic mechanisms and epidemiological characteristics, and to identify potential drug targets, which will contribute to the development of effective prevention and treatment strategies. Hence, this review will focus on recent progress regarding the structure of SARS-CoV2 and characteristics of COVID-19, such as etiology, pathogenesis and epidemiological characteristics.
JO  - International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 105951-105951
SP  - 105951
EP  - 105951
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105951
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0924857920301011
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recent Progress in understanding 2019 Novel Coronavirus associated with Human Respiratory Disease: Detection, Mechanism and Treatment
AU  - Kang, Shuntong
AU  - Peng, Wenyao
AU  - Zhu, Yuhao
AU  - Lu, Shiyao
AU  - Zhou, Min
AU  - Lin, Wei
AU  - Wu, Wenfang
AU  - Huang, Shu
AU  - Jiang, Liping
AU  - Luo, Xuan
AU  - Deng, Meichun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Viral respiratory diseases such as the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), always pose severe threat to people. First identified in the late December 2019, in Wuhan, China, a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) has rampantly spread to lots of provinces in China, and multiple countries are affected. The viral outbreaks have stirred panic and emergency on public health around the world and the number of infections continues to rise. But the cause and consequence of the pneumonia still remain unknown. In order to effectively implement the epidemic prevention, early identification and diagnosis is critical to disease control. Herein we scrutinize a series of available studies by global scientists on the clinical manifestations, detection methods and treatment options of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia, also propose potential strategies for preventing the infection.
JO  - International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 105950-105950
SP  - 105950
EP  - 105950
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105950
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S092485792030100X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Complex emergencies of COVID-19: management and experience in Zhuhai
AU  - Jin, Hao
AU  - Lu, Ligong
AU  - Liu, Junwei
AU  - Cui, Min
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The impact of communicable diseases (infectious diseases) on human health is obvious. The sudden outbreak of COVID-19 (Corona Virus Disease 2019), making people realize the threat of communicable diseases to mankind. As a city composed of migrants, Zhuhai Special Economic Zone experienced great challenges brought about by COVID-19 epidemic. Experience has been acquired from all aspects. A highly reactive, multifunctional and efficient emergency management system would be established, and the significance of information communication should be fully understood in the future.
JO  - International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 105961-105961
SP  - 105961
EP  - 105961
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105961
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0924857920301114
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Correction to: COVID-19: a novel coronavirus and a novel challenge for critical care (Intensive Care Medicine, (2020), 10.1007/s00134-020-05955-1)
AU  - Arabi, Y. M.
AU  - Murthy, S.
AU  - Webb, S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - the original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake. there was an error in table one: in the last row, second column the part “still being defined to” should be crossed out. the correct table 1 can be found below. we apologize for the mistake.
JO  - Intensive Care Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00134-020-06009-2
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2004465415 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00134-020-06009-2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Surviving Sepsis Campaign: guidelines on the management of critically ill adults with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
AU  - Alhazzani, Waleed
AU  - Møller, Morten Hylander
AU  - Arabi, Yaseen M.
AU  - Loeb, Mark
AU  - Gong, Michelle Ng
AU  - Fan, Eddy
AU  - Oczkowski, Simon
AU  - Levy, Mitchell M.
AU  - Derde, Lennie
AU  - Dzierba, Amy
AU  - Du, Bin
AU  - Aboodi, Michael
AU  - Wunsch, Hannah
AU  - Cecconi, Maurizio
AU  - Koh, Younsuck
AU  - Chertow, Daniel S.
AU  - Maitland, Kathryn
AU  - Alshamsi, Fayez
AU  - Belley-Cote, Emilie
AU  - Greco, Massimiliano
AU  - Laundy, Matthew
AU  - Morgan, Jill S.
AU  - Kesecioglu, Jozef
AU  - McGeer, Allison
AU  - Mermel, Leonard
AU  - Mammen, Manoj J.
AU  - Alexander, Paul E.
AU  - Arrington, Amy
AU  - Centofanti, John E.
AU  - Citerio, Giuseppe
AU  - Baw, Bandar
AU  - Memish, Ziad A.
AU  - Hammond, Naomi
AU  - Hayden, Frederick G.
AU  - Evans, Laura
AU  - Rhodes, Andrew
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the cause of a rapidly spreading illness, Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), affecting thousands of people around the world. Urgent guidance for clinicians caring for the sickest of these patients is needed. We formed a panel of 36 experts from 12 countries. All panel members completed the World Health Organization conflict of interest disclosure form. The panel proposed 53 questions that are relevant to the management of COVID-19 in the ICU. We searched the literature for direct and indirect evidence on the management of COVID-19 in critically ill patients in the ICU. We identified relevant and recent systematic reviews on most questions relating to supportive care. We assessed the certainty in the evidence using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach, then generated recommendations based on the balance between benefit and harm, resource and cost implications, equity, and feasibility. Recommendations were either strong or weak, or in the form of best practice recommendations. The Surviving Sepsis Campaign COVID-19 panel issued 54 statements, of which 4 are best practice statements, 9 are strong recommendations, and 35 are weak recommendations. No recommendation was provided for 6 questions. The topics were: (1) infection control, (2) laboratory diagnosis and specimens, (3) hemodynamic support, (4) ventilatory support, and (5) COVID-19 therapy. The Surviving Sepsis Campaign COVID-19 panel issued several recommendations to help support healthcare workers caring for critically ill ICU patients with COVID-19. When available, we will provide new recommendations in further releases of these guidelines.
JO  - Intensive Care Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-34
SP  - 1
EP  - 34
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00134-020-06022-5
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00134-020-06022-5
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Herbal medicine and pattern identification for treating COVID-19: a rapid review of guidelines
AU  - Ang, Lin
AU  - Lee, Hye Won
AU  - Choi, Jun Yong
AU  - Zhang, Junhua
AU  - Lee, Myeong Soo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is pandemic and has caused illness to many people worldwide. This review aimed to summarize and analyze the herbal formulae provided by the guidelines for their pattern identifications (PIs) and compositions of herbs to treat patients with COVID-19. Methods We searched 7 data sources for eligible traditional medicine guidelines up to March 6, 2020 and found a total of 28 traditional medicine guidelines that provide treatment measures for COVID-19. Results Of the 28 guidelines, there were 26 government-issued Chinese guidelines and 2 Korean guidelines. After standardizing the terminology of the PIs and herbal formulae, there were 8 PIs and 23 herbal formulae for the mild stage, 11 PIs and 31 herbal formulae for the moderate stage, 8 PIs and 21 herbal formulae for the severe stage, and 6 PIs and 23 herbal formulae for the recovery stage in the Chinese guidelines. In the Korean guidelines, there were 4 PIs and 15 herbal formulae for the mild stage, 3 PIs and 3 herbal formulae for the severe stage, and 2 PIs and 2 herbal formulae for the recovery stage. In the frequency analysis of herbs, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma was found to be the herb with the highest frequency of usage in the Chinese guidelines. Conclusion This review can be used as guidance for the traditional medicine treatment of COVID-19. Clinical evidence is needed in the future to evaluate the efficacy of traditional medicine.
JO  - Integrative Medicine Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 100407-100407
SP  - 100407
EP  - 100407
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.imr.2020.100407
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213422020300391
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The correlation between viral clearance and biochemical outcomes of 94 COVID-19 infected discharged patients
AU  - Yuan, Jing
AU  - Zou, Rougrong
AU  - Zeng, Lijiao
AU  - Kou, Shanglong
AU  - Lan, Jianfeng
AU  - Li, Xiaohe
AU  - Liang, Yanhua
AU  - Ding, Xiaoyan
AU  - Tan, Guoyu
AU  - Tang, Shenghong
AU  - Liu, Lei
AU  - Liu, Yingxia
AU  - Pan, Yanchao
AU  - Wang, Zhaoqin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This study aims to evaluate the correlation between viral clearance and blood biochemical index of 94 discharged patients with COVID-19 infection in Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital, enrolled from Jan 5 to Feb 13, 2020. The clinical and laboratory findings were extracted from the electronic medical records of the patients. The data were analysed and reviewed by a trained team of physicians. Information on clinical signs and symptoms, medical treatment, virus clearance, and laboratory parameters including interleukin 6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein were collected. COVID-19 mRNA clearance ratio was identified significantly correlated with the decline of serum creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels. Furthermore, COVID-19 mRNA clearance time was positively correlated with the length of hospital stay in patients treated with either IFN-α + lopinavir/ritonavir or IFN-α + lopinavir/ritonavir + ribavirin. Therapeutic regimens of IFN-α + lopinavir/ritonavir and IFN-α + lopinavir/ritonavir + ribavirin might be beneficial for treatment of COVID-19. Serum LDH or CK decline may predict a favorable response to treatment of COVID-19 infection.
JO  - Inflammation Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-8
SP  - 1
EP  - 8
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00011-020-01342-0
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00011-020-01342-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pharmacologic Treatments and Supportive Care for Middle East Respiratory Syndrome
AU  - Kain, Taylor
AU  - Lindsay, Patrick J.
AU  - Adhikari, Neill K. J.
AU  - Arabi, Yaseen M.
AU  - Van Kerkhove, Maria D.
AU  - Fowler, Robert A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Available animal and cell line models have suggested that specific therapeutics might be effective in treating Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS). We conducted a systematic review of evidence for treatment with pharmacologic and supportive therapies. We developed a protocol and searched 5 databases for studies describing treatment of MERS and deaths in MERS patients. Risk of bias (RoB) was assessed by using ROBINS-I tool. We retrieved 3,660 unique citations; 20 observational studies met eligibility, and we studied 13 therapies. Most studies were at serious or critical RoB; no studies were at low RoB. One study, at moderate RoB, showed reduced mortality rates in severe MERS patients with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; no other studies showed a significant lifesaving benefit to any treatment. The existing literature on treatments for MERS is observational and at moderate to critical RoB. Clinical trials are needed to guide treatment decisions.
JO  - Emerging infectious diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 26
IS  - 6
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3201/eid2606.200037
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Breaking News: 16 Common-Sense Tips and Facts for Dealing with COVID-19
AU  - Mosley, Mark
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Emergency Medicine News
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 42
IS  - 4A
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00132981-202004141-00002
DO  - 10.1097/01.Eem.0000660644.89214.93
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/em-news/Fulltext/2020/04141/Breaking_News__16_Common_Sense_Tips_and_Facts_for.2.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Breaking News: There Won't Be Enough COVID-19 Tests, So Use Clinical Symptoms as a Guide
AU  - Mosley, Mark
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Emergency Medicine News
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 42
IS  - 4A
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00132981-202004141-00003
DO  - 10.1097/01.EEM.0000660648.14827.2f
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/em-news/Fulltext/2020/04141/Breaking_News__There_Won_t_Be_Enough_COVID_19.3.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Breaking News: Ways EPs and ED Staff Can Flatten the COVID-19 Curve
AU  - Mosley, Mark
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Emergency Medicine News
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 42
IS  - 4A
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00132981-202004141-00004
DO  - 10.1097/01.EEM.0000660652.12373.c6
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/em-news/Fulltext/2020/04141/Breaking_News__Ways_EPs_and_ED_Staff_Can_Flatten.4.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Breaking News: ‘Don't You Think This Whole COVID-19 Thing is Overblown?’
AU  - Mosley, Mark
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Emergency Medicine News
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 42
IS  - 4A
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00132981-202004141-00006
DO  - 10.1097/01.Eem.0000660660.10923.59
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/em-news/Fulltext/2020/04141/Breaking_News___Don_t_You_Think_This_Whole.6.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Breaking News: Brace for Chloroquine Poisonings Because of the Coronavirus Pandemic
AU  - Gussow, Leon
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Emergency Medicine News
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 42
IS  - 4A
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00132981-202004141-00001
DO  - 10.1097/01.Eem.0000660640.31514.09
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/em-news/Fulltext/2020/04141/Breaking_News__Brace_for_Chloroquine_Poisonings.1.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How prepared is India to control the COVID-19 pandemic?
AU  - John, T. J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The SARS-CoV-2 infection, COVID-19, has reached many places in India, from Kerala to Kashmir. With local spread occurring from infection seeded by importations, a nationwide epidemic of unprecedented seriousness is imminent. The Prime Minister should assume leadership immediately and a full-time war-room, run by a task force with the best national experts, must be set up, and immediate, medium- and long-term strategies designed and implemented. We have lost one month already.
JO  - Economic and Political Weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 55
IS  - 11
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A systems approach to preventing and responding to COVID-19
AU  - Bradley, Declan Terence
AU  - Mansouri, Mariam Abdulmonem
AU  - Kee, Frank
AU  - Garcia, Leandro Martin Totaro
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - EClinicalMedicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 100325-100325
SP  - 100325
EP  - 100325
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100325
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589537020300699
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Roadblocks to Infection Prevention Efforts in Healthcare SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 Response
AU  - Popescu, Saskia
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of a novel coronavirus, COVID-19, is challenging international public health and healthcare efforts. As hospitals work to acquire enough personal protective equipment and brace for potential cases, the role of infection prevention efforts and programs has become increasingly important. Lessons from the 2003 SARS-CoV outbreak in Toronto and 2015 MERS-CoV outbreak in South Korea have unveiled the critical role that hospitals play in outbreaks, especially of novel coronaviruses. Their ability to amplify the spread of disease can rapidly fuel transmission of the disease and often those failures in infection prevention and general hospital practices contribute to such events. While efforts to enhance infection prevention measures and hospital readiness are underway in the United States, it is important to understand why these programs were not able to maintain continued, sustainable levels of readiness. History has shown that infection prevention programs are primarily responsible for preparing hospitals and responding to biological events but face under-staffing and focused efforts defined by administrators. The current U.S. healthcare system though, is built upon a series of priorities that often view biopreparedness as a costly endeavor. Awareness of these competing priorities and the challenges infection prevention programs face when working to maintain biopreparedness is critical in adequately addressing this critical infrastructure in the face of an international outbreak.
JO  - Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-7
SP  - 1
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/dmp.2020.55
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/roadblocks-to-infection-prevention-efforts-in-healthcare-sarscov2covid19-response/60DD665F7A89B5DD3A95F16D19839C02
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Translating COVID-19 Pandemic Surge Theory to Practice in the Emergency Department: How to Expand Structure
AU  - Paganini, Matteo
AU  - Conti, Andrea
AU  - Weinstein, Eric
AU  - della Corte, Francesco
AU  - Ragazzoni, Luca
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - Multiple professional societies, nongovernment and government agencies have studied the science of sudden onset disaster mass casualty incidents to create and promote surge response guidelines. The COVID-19 pandemic has presented the health care system with challenges that have limited science to guide the staff, stuff and structure surge response.This study reviewed the available surge science literature specifically to guide an Emergency Department's surge structural response using a translational science approach to answer the question: How does the concept of sudden onset mass casualty incident (MCI) surge capability apply to the process to expand COVID-19 Pandemic surge structure response?The available surge structural science literature was reviewed to determine the application to a pandemic response. The on-line ahead of print and print COVID-19 scientific publications, as well as grey, literature were studied to learn the best available COVID-19 surge structural response science. A checklist was created to guide the Emergency Department team's COVID-19 surge structural response.
JO  - Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-30
SP  - 1
EP  - 30
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/dmp.2020.57
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/translating-covid19-pandemic-surge-theory-to-practice-in-the-emergency-department-how-to-expand-structure/C87BB4E45D320D83CACEEE11FA2905C4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: “A Tale of Two Epidemics” March 20, 2020
AU  - James, James J.
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/dmp.2020.58
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/covid19-a-tale-of-two-epidemics-march-20-2020/585D3B4F92CAE5568DCBCD8C681CA255
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A RANDOMIZED TRIAL OF INSTRUCTOR-LED TRAINING VERSUS VIDEO LESSON IN TRAINING HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS IN PROPER DONNING AND DOFFING OF PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
AU  - Christensen, Liva
AU  - Rasmussen, Charlotte Schang
AU  - Benfield, Thomas
AU  - Franc, Jeffrey Michael
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - ObjectiveThis study compared live instructor-led training in Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) donning and doffing with video-based instruction. It assessed the difference in performance between (i) attending one instructor-led training session in donning and doffing PPE one month prior to assessment, and (ii) watching training videos over the month.MethodsThis randomized controlled trial pilot study divided 21 medical students and junior doctors into 2 groups. Control group participants attended one instructor-led training session. Video group participants watched training videos demonstrating the same procedures, which they could freely watch again at home. After one month, a doctor performed a blind evaluation of performance using checklists.Results19 participants were assessed after one month. The mean donning score was 84.8/100 for the instructor-led group and 88/100 for the video group; mean effect size 3,2 (95%CI: -7,5 to 9,5). The mean doffing score was 79.1/100 for the instructor group and 73.9/100 for the video group; mean effect size 5,2 (95%CI: -7,6 to 18).ConclusionOur study found no significant difference in donning and doffing score between instructor-led and video lessons. Video training could be a fast and resource-efficient method of training in PPE donning and doffing in responding to the COVID-19 pandemic.
JO  - Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-15
SP  - 1
EP  - 15
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/dmp.2020.56
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/randomized-trial-of-instructorled-training-versus-video-lesson-in-training-health-care-providers-in-proper-donning-and-doffing-of-personal-protective-equipment/CF08F4727DA9D536883ECBFD04BC2570
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19, Diabetes Mellitus and ACE2: The conundrum
AU  - Pal, Rimesh
AU  - Bhansali, Anil
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 108132-108132
SP  - 108132
EP  - 108132
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108132
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016882272030382X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and Economy
AU  - Gupta, Mrinal
AU  - Abdelmaksoud, Ayman
AU  - Jafferany, Mohammad
AU  - Lotti, Torello
AU  - Sadoughifar, Roxanna
AU  - Goldust, Mohamad
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Dermatologic Therapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - e13329-e13329
SP  - e13329
EP  - e13329
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/dth.13329
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/dth.13329
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Learning from history: Coronavirus outbreaks in the past
AU  - Arora, Pooja
AU  - Jafferany, Mohammad
AU  - Lotti, Torello
AU  - Sadoughifar, Roxanna
AU  - Goldust, Mohamad
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Dermatologic therapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - e13343-e13343
SP  - e13343
EP  - e13343
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/dth.13343
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in the Pediatric Population
AU  - Abdelmaksoud, Ayman
AU  - Kroumpouzos, George
AU  - Jafferany, Mohammad
AU  - Lotti, Torello
AU  - Sadoughifar, Roxanna
AU  - Goldust, Mohamad
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Dermatologic therapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - e13339-e13339
SP  - e13339
EP  - e13339
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/dth.13339
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32222027
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Dealing with psychological distress by healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 pandemia]
AU  - Petzold, Moritz Bruno
AU  - Plag, Jens
AU  - Ströhle, Andreas
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: In the current COVID-19 pandemia, health workers from all professions are facing great challenges in coping with the crisis. In this situation health professionals are confronted with specific stressors and risks not only for the physical but also for the mental health. OBJECTIVE: This article summarizes the first recommendations for the reduction of stress and psychological burden in health professionals during the current COVID-19 pandemia. METHODS: The recommendations of the World Health Organization, the United Nations and the International Red Cross Society are summarized. Recommendations for the reduction of stress and psychological distress in health professionals as well as important factors that team leaders can consider in order to reduce psychological distress in employees are presented. RESULTS: The normalization of strong emotions and stress, the fulfillment of basic needs, social support, clear communication and distribution of tasks, flexible working hours and the utilization of psychosocial and psychological help without stigmatization seem to be particularly important measures. CONCLUSION: This article presents guidelines for health professionals and team leaders in healthcare that help to maintain mental health during the COVID-19 pandemia.
JO  - Der Nervenarzt
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00115-020-00905-0
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Development Path and Urgency of further Strengthening Construction of Public Hospitals Based on Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Treatment
AU  - Liao, Jia-Zhi
AU  - Wu, Jing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - During the outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) in Wuhan, public hospitals have played an important role in intensive care, case guidance and scheme optimization. At the same time, it also faces unprecedented challenges and tests. Based on the treatment of severe patients in Wuhan, combined with the treatment practice in Tongji Hospital affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, this paper puts forward the urgency of further strengthening the construction of public hospitals, discusses the feasible path for promoting the development of public hospitals, so as to meet the growing medical needs of the people, improve the ability to respond to major public health emergencies, and effectively guarantee the safety of people's lives and the promotion of a healthy China construction.
JO  - Current medical science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11596-020-2175-3
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Familial cluster of COVID-19 infection from an asymptomatic
AU  - Zhang, Jinjun
AU  - Tian, Sijia
AU  - Lou, Jing
AU  - Chen, Yuguo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Critical Care
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 24
IS  - 1
PG  - 119-119
SP  - 119
EP  - 119
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s13054-020-2817-7
UR  - https://ccforum.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13054-020-2817-7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Policing the Coronavirus Outbreak: Processes and Prospects for Collective Disorder
AU  - Reicher, Stephen
AU  - Stott, Clifford
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Policing: A Journal of Policy and Practice
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/police/paaa014
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/policing/advance-article/doi/10.1093/police/paaa014/5812788
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus and the Responsibility of Plastic Surgeons
AU  - Teven, Chad M.
AU  - Rebecca, Alanna
PY  - 9000
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery – Global Open
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Latest Articles
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 01720096-900000000-97496
DO  - 10.1097/gox.0000000000002855
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/prsgo/Fulltext/latest/Coronavirus_and_the_Responsibility_of_Plastic.97496.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The COVID-19 Pandemic – Changing Lives and Lessons Learned
AU  - Rohrich, Rod J.
AU  - Hamilton, Kristy L.
AU  - Avashia, Yash
AU  - Savetsky, Ira
PY  - 9000
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery – Global Open
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Latest Articles
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 01720096-900000000-97495
DO  - 10.1097/gox.0000000000002854
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/prsgo/Fulltext/latest/The_COVID_19_Pandemic___Changing_Lives_and_Lessons.97495.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Elevated plasmin(ogen) as a common risk factor for COVID-19 susceptibility
AU  - Ji, Hong-Long
AU  - Zhao, Runzhen
AU  - Matalon, Sadis
AU  - Matthay, Michael A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Patients with hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular illness, COPD, and kidney dysfunction have worse clinical outcomes when infected with SARS-CoV-2, for unknown reasons. The purpose of this review is to summarize the evidence for the existence of elevated plasmin(ogen) in COVID-19 patients with these comorbid conditions. Plasmin, and other proteases, may cleave a newly inserted furin site in the S protein of SARS-CoV-2, extracellularly, which increases its infectivity and virulence. Hyper-fibrinolysis associated with plasmin leads to elevated D-dimer in severe patients. The plasmin(ogen) system may prove a promising therapeutic target for combating COVID-19.
JO  - Physiological reviews
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1152/physrev.00013.2020
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning to Fight COVID-19
AU  - Alimadadi, Ahmad
AU  - Aryal, Sachin
AU  - Manandhar, Ishan
AU  - Munroe, Patricia B.
AU  - Joe, Bina
AU  - Cheng, Xi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Physiological Genomics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - physiolgenomics.00029.2020-physiolgenomics.00029.2020
SP  - physiolgenomics.00029.2020
EP  - physiolgenomics.00029.2020
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00029.2020
UR  - https://journals.physiology.org/doi/10.1152/physiolgenomics.00029.2020
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 Infection in a Pediatric Department in Milan: A Logistic Rather Than a Clinical Emergency
AU  - Chidini, Giovanna
AU  - Villa, Cristina
AU  - Calderini, Edoardo
AU  - Marchisio, Paola
AU  - De Luca, Daniele
PY  - 9000
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Online First
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00006454-900000000-96229
DO  - 10.1097/inf.0000000000002687
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/pidj/Fulltext/onlinefirst/SARS_CoV_2_Infection_in_a_Pediatric_Department_in.96229.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Primer on Biodefense Data Science for Pandemic Preparedness
AU  - Perakslis, Eric
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - The coronavirus outbreak is sweeping the globe with outbreaks reported on every continent except Antarctica as of March 2020. Data scientists are uniquely and diversely skilled in ways that can be highly effective in minimizing, combatting, and recovering from the impacts of the COVID-19 outbreak. In this Opinion, the basics of biodefense as well as specific opportunities for the data science community to contribute are discussed.
JO  - Patterns
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 100018
DO  - 10.1016/j.patter.2020.100018
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patter.2020.100018
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The 2019/2020 novel corona virus outbreak: An international health management perspective
AU  - Beck, M.
AU  - Tobin, D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Open Public Health Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 13
IS  - 1
PG  - 52-54
SP  - 52
EP  - 54
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2174/1874944502013010052
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2004034001 http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874944502013010052
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Base protocol for real time active random surveillance of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) – Adapting veterinary methodology to public health
AU  - Foddai, Alessandro
AU  - Lubroth, Juan
AU  - Ellis-Iversen, Johanne
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The pandemic of new coronavirus disease COVID-19 is threatening our health, economy and life style. Collaborations across countries and sectors as a One Health World could be a milestone. We propose a general protocol, for setting timely active random surveillance of COVID-19, at the human community level, with systematic repeated detection efforts. Strengths and limitations are discussed. If considered applicable by public health, the protocol could evaluate the status of COVID-19 epidemics consistently and objectively.
JO  - One Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 100129-100129
SP  - 100129
EP  - 100129
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.onehlt.2020.100129
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352771420300483
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Surveillance to improve evidence for community control decisions during the COVID-19 pandemic – Opening the animal epidemic toolbox for public health
AU  - Foddai, Alessandro
AU  - Lindberg, Ann
AU  - Lubroth, Juan
AU  - Ellis-Iversen, Johanne
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - During the first few months of 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic has reached Europe. Health systems all over the world are trying to control the outbreak in the shortest possible time. Exotic disease outbreaks are not uncommon in animal health and randomised surveillance is frequently used as support for decision-making. This editorial discusses the possibilities of practicing One Health, by using methods from animal health to enhance surveillance for COVID-19 to provide an evidence base fort decision-making in communities and countries.
JO  - One Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 100130-100130
SP  - 100130
EP  - 100130
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.onehlt.2020.100130
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S235277142030046X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Current knowledge about the antivirals remdesivir (GS-5734) and GS-441524 as therapeutic options for coronaviruses
AU  - Amirian, E. Susan
AU  - Levy, Julie K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Recent international epidemics of coronavirus-associated illnesses underscore the urgent medical and public health need for vaccine development and regulatory body approved therapies. In particular, the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has quickly intensified interest in developing treatment options to mitigate impact on human life. Remdesivir (GS-5734™) is a broad-spectrum antiviral drug that is now being tested as a potential treatment for COVID-19 in international, multi-site clinical trials. Currently available evidence about the antiviral effects of remdesivir against coronaviruses is primarily based on in vitro and in vivo studies (including some on a chemically related compound, GS-441524™), which have demonstrated largely favorable findings. As the pandemic progresses, information from human compassionate use cases will continue to accumulate before the clinical trials are concluded. It is imperative for public health practitioners and the One Health community to stay up to date on the most promising potential therapeutic options that are under investigation. Thus, the purpose of this review is to synthesize the knowledge to date about remdesivir as a therapeutic option for coronaviruses, with a special focus on information relevant to the One Health community.
JO  - One Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 100128-100128
SP  - 100128
EP  - 100128
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.onehlt.2020.100128
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352771420300380
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Student nurses’ ethical views on responses to the severe acute respiratory syndrome outbreak
AU  - Kam, Joseph K. M.
AU  - Chan, Eric
AU  - Lee, Albert
AU  - Wei, Vivian W. I.
AU  - Kwok, Kin On
AU  - Lui, Dominic
AU  - Yuen, Robert K. N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background:Fifteen years have passed since the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong. At that time, there were reports of heroic acts among professionals who cared for these patients, whose bravery and professionalism were highly praised. However, there are concerns about changes in new generation of nursing professionals.Objective:We aimed to examine the attitude of nursing students, should they be faced with severe acute respiratory syndrome patients during their future work.Research design:A questionnaire survey was carried out to examine the attitude among final-year nursing students to three ethical areas, namely, duty of care, resource allocation, and collateral damage.Ethical considerations:This study was carried out in accordance with the requirements and recommendations of the Central Research and Ethics Committee, School of Health Sciences at Caritas Institute of Higher Education.Findings:Complete responses from 102 subjects were analyzed. The overwhelming majority (96.1%) did not agree to participate in the intubation of severe acute respiratory syndrome patients if protective measures, that is, N95 mask and gown, were not available. If there were insufficient N95 masks for all the medical, nursing, and allied health workers in the hospital (resource allocation), 37.3% felt that the distribution of N95 masks should be by casting lot, while the rest disagreed. When asked about collateral damage, more than three-quarters (77.5%) said that severe acute respiratory syndrome patients should be admitted to intensive care unit. There was sex difference in nursing students? attitude toward severe acute respiratory syndrome care during pregnancy and influence of age in understanding intensive care unit care for these patients. Interestingly, 94.1% felt that there should be a separate intensive care unit for severe acute respiratory syndrome patients.Conclusion:As infection control practice and isolation facilities improved over the years, relevant knowledge and nursing ethical issues related to infectious diseases should become part of nursing education and training programs, especially in preparation for outbreaks of infectious diseases or distress.
JO  - Nursing Ethics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 0969733019895804-0969733019895804
SP  - 0969733019895804
EP  - 0969733019895804
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/0969733019895804
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1177/0969733019895804
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Weakened defences
AU  - Whyte, Chelsea
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The way society functions in the US has made it more vulnerable to pandemics. Could things be different, asks Chelsea Whyte
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 245
IS  - 3275
PG  - 20-21
SP  - 20
EP  - 21
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30633-3
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920306333
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Q &amp; A
AU  - Troyer, John
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Victorian corpse displays sparked John Troyer's interest in how humans use technology around dead bodies. He explores our fascination with death and its impact on life
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 245
IS  - 3275
PG  - 56-56
SP  - 56
EP  - 56
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30655-2
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920306552 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0262407920306552
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Infectious without symptoms
AU  - Lawton, Graham
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - It is easy to spread the virus without realising you are ill, reports Graham Lawton
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 245
IS  - 3275
PG  - 10-11
SP  - 10
EP  - 11
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30614-X
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S026240792030614X https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S026240792030614X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - You're only as young as your immune system
AU  - Lawton, Graham
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - There has never been a more important time to keep your immune system fit and healthy. And as Graham Lawton discovers, there are now ways to keep it younger than you are
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 245
IS  - 3275
PG  - 44-48
SP  - 44
EP  - 48
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30646-1
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920306461
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A cause for concern
AU  - Hamzelou, Jessica
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The UK government has released the scientific advice it has received on covid-19, and independent experts aren't impressed, reports Jessica Hamzelou
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 245
IS  - 3275
PG  - 9-9
SP  - 9
EP  - 9
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30613-8
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920306138
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - World in lockdown
AU  - Hamzelou, Jessica
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Around a fifth of the global population is in lockdown as covid-19 cases continue to rise, reports Jessica Hamzelou
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 245
IS  - 3275
PG  - 7-7
SP  - 7
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30611-4
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920306114
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Do you become immune once you have been infected?
AU  - Gl
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 245
IS  - 3275
PG  - 10-11
SP  - 10
EP  - 11
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30615-1
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920306151
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Beyond the science of covid-19
AU  - Adam, David
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Models of the new coronavirus's spread are imperfect, so factors other than the science play an important role too, says David Adam
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 245
IS  - 3275
PG  - 23-23
SP  - 23
EP  - 23
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30635-7
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920306357
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Letters
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 245
IS  - 3275
PG  - 26-27
SP  - 26
EP  - 27
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30637-0
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920306370 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0262407920306370
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A strange new world
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The new coronavirus may be upending our lives, but we aren't helpless against it
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 245
IS  - 3275
PG  - 5-5
SP  - 5
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30610-2
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920306102
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID 19 and Intra cerebral hemorrhage: Causative or Coincidental
AU  - Sharifi-Razavi, A.
AU  - Karimi, N.
AU  - Rouhani, N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Pneumonia appears to be the most manifestation of COVID 19, but some extra-pulmonary involvement such as gastrointestinal, cardiac and renal has been reported. According to limited clinical data about the virus behavior up to now, specially extra-pulmonary symptoms, we should be aware on possibility of initial cerebrovascular manifestations of COVID19.
JO  - New Microbes and New Infections
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 100669-100669
SP  - 100669
EP  - 100669
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nmni.2020.100669
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2052297520300214
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemiology of Covid-19
AU  - Zhang, Xiaodong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - To the Editor: With regard to the Perspective article by Lipsitch et al. (published Feb. 19 at NEJM.org),1 cases of Covid-19 (the illness caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection) with no epidemiologic link ...
JO  - The New England journal of medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 382
IS  - 
PG  - NEJMc2005157-NEJMc2005157
SP  - NEJMc2005157
EP  - NEJMc2005157
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMc2005157
UR  - http://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMc2005157 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32220200
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical Characteristics of Covid-19 in China
AU  - Zavascki, Alexandre P.
AU  - Falci, Diego R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 382
IS  - 
PG  - NEJMc2005203-NEJMc2005203
SP  - NEJMc2005203
EP  - NEJMc2005203
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMc2005203
UR  - http://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMc2005203
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemiology of Covid-19. Reply
AU  - Swerdlow, David L.
AU  - Finelli, Lyn
AU  - Lipsitch, Marc
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The New England journal of medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 382
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMc2005157
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Audio interview: Making decisions about testing and treatment for your patients
AU  - Rubin, E. J.
AU  - Baden, L. R.
AU  - Morrissey, S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 382
IS  - 11
PG  - 1
SP  - 1
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMe2004856
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L631200190 http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMe2004856
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical Characteristics of Covid-19 in China
AU  - Rolf, J. Douglass
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 382
IS  - 
PG  - NEJMc2005203-NEJMc2005203
SP  - NEJMc2005203
EP  - NEJMc2005203
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMc2005203
UR  - http://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMc2005203
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Undocumented U.S. Immigrants and Covid-19
AU  - Page, Kathleen R.
AU  - Venkataramani, Maya
AU  - Beyrer, Chris
AU  - Polk, Sarah
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Undocumented U.S. Immigrants and Covid-19 Years of anti-immigrant policies and rhetoric will be difficult to reverse, but it’s essential that the Trump administration address the needs of undocumen...
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - NEJMp2005953-NEJMp2005953
SP  - NEJMp2005953
EP  - NEJMp2005953
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMp2005953
UR  - http://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMp2005953
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemiology of Covid-19 in a Long-Term Care Facility in King County, Washington
AU  - McMichael, Temet M.
AU  - Currie, Dustin W.
AU  - Clark, Shauna
AU  - Pogosjans, Sargis
AU  - Kay, Meagan
AU  - Schwartz, Noah G.
AU  - Lewis, James
AU  - Baer, Atar
AU  - Kawakami, Vance
AU  - Lukoff, Margaret D.
AU  - Ferro, Jessica
AU  - Brostrom-Smith, Claire
AU  - Rea, Thomas D.
AU  - Sayre, Michael R.
AU  - Riedo, Francis X.
AU  - Russell, Denny
AU  - Hiatt, Brian
AU  - Montgomery, Patricia
AU  - Rao, Agam K.
AU  - Chow, Eric J.
AU  - Tobolowsky, Farrell
AU  - Hughes, Michael J.
AU  - Bardossy, Ana C.
AU  - Oakley, Lisa P.
AU  - Jacobs, Jesica R.
AU  - Stone, Nimalie D.
AU  - Reddy, Sujan C.
AU  - Jernigan, John A.
AU  - Honein, Margaret A.
AU  - Clark, Thomas A.
AU  - Duchin, Jeffrey S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Background Long-term care facilities are high-risk settings for severe outcomes from outbreaks of Covid-19, owing to both the advanced age and frequent chronic underlying health conditions...
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - NEJMoa2005412-NEJMoa2005412
SP  - NEJMoa2005412
EP  - NEJMoa2005412
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMoa2005412
UR  - http://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMoa2005412
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical Characteristics of Covid-19 in China
AU  - Henry, Brandon M.
AU  - Vikse, Jens
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 382
IS  - 
PG  - NEJMc2005203-NEJMc2005203
SP  - NEJMc2005203
EP  - NEJMc2005203
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMc2005203
UR  - http://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMc2005203
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical Characteristics of Covid-19 in China. Reply
AU  - Guan, Wei-Jie
AU  - Zhong, Nan-Shan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The New England journal of medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 382
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMc2005203
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical Characteristics of Covid-19 in China
AU  - Chen, Andre T. C.
AU  - Coura-Filho, George B.
AU  - Rehder, Marília H. H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - To the Editor: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the case definition for surveillance of returning travelers requires that they need to present with fever and at least one respirato...
JO  - The New England journal of medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 382
IS  - 
PG  - NEJMc2005203-NEJMc2005203
SP  - NEJMc2005203
EP  - NEJMc2005203
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMc2005203
UR  - http://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMc2005203 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32220203
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Research in Brief: 20 March to 27 March, 2020
AU  - Carvalho, Thiago
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41591-020-00006-0
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: Biomedical research in a world under social-distancing measures
AU  - Arnold, Carrie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41591-020-00005-1
UR  - http://www.nature.com/articles/d41591-020-00005-1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Facing up to the uncertainties of COVID-19
AU  - Chater, Nick
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature human behaviour
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41562-020-0865-2
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How behavioural science data helps mitigate the COVID-19 crisis
AU  - Betsch, Cornelia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature human behaviour
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41562-020-0866-1
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Characterization of spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 on virus entry and its immune cross-reactivity with SARS-CoV
AU  - Ou, Xiuyuan
AU  - Liu, Yan
AU  - Lei, Xiaobo
AU  - Li, Pei
AU  - Mi, Dan
AU  - Ren, Lili
AU  - Guo, Li
AU  - Guo, Ruixuan
AU  - Chen, Ting
AU  - Hu, Jiaxin
AU  - Xiang, Zichun
AU  - Mu, Zhixia
AU  - Chen, Xing
AU  - Chen, Jieyong
AU  - Hu, Keping
AU  - Jin, Qi
AU  - Wang, Jianwei
AU  - Qian, Zhaohui
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since 2002, beta coronaviruses (CoV) have caused three zoonotic outbreaks, SARS-CoV in 2002-2003, MERS-CoV in 2012, and the newly emerged SARS-CoV-2 in late 2019. However, little is currently known about the biology of SARS-CoV-2. Here, using SARS-CoV-2 S protein pseudovirus system, we confirm that human angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (hACE2) is the receptor for SARS-CoV-2, find that SARS-CoV-2 enters 293/hACE2 cells mainly through endocytosis, that PIKfyve, TPC2, and cathepsin L are critical for entry, and that SARS-CoV-2 S protein is less stable than SARS-CoV S. Polyclonal anti-SARS S1 antibodies T62 inhibit entry of SARS-CoV S but not SARS-CoV-2 S pseudovirions. Further studies using recovered SARS and COVID-19 patients' sera show limited cross-neutralization, suggesting that recovery from one infection might not protect against the other. Our results present potential targets for development of drugs and vaccines for SARS-CoV-2.
JO  - Nature communications
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 11
IS  - 1
PG  - 1620-1620
SP  - 1620
EP  - 1620
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41467-020-15562-9
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Tens of thousands of scientists are redeploying to fight coronavirus
AU  - Viglione, Giuliana
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00905-9
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Extended US travel ban harms global science
AU  - Ndodo, N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 579
IS  - 7797
PG  - 9
SP  - 9
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00588-2
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L631151702 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/d41586-020-00588-2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus papers: Viral proteins point to potential treatments
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00502-w
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus latest: pandemic could have killed 40 million without any action
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00154-w
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32152592
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Identifying SARS-CoV-2 related coronaviruses in Malayan pangolins
AU  - Lam, Tommy Tsan-Yuk
AU  - Shum, Marcus Ho-Hin
AU  - Zhu, Hua-Chen
AU  - Tong, Yi-Gang
AU  - Ni, Xue-Bing
AU  - Liao, Yun-Shi
AU  - Wei, Wei
AU  - Cheung, William Yiu-Man
AU  - Li, Wen-Juan
AU  - Li, Lian-Feng
AU  - Leung, Gabriel M.
AU  - Holmes, Edward C.
AU  - Hu, Yan-Ling
AU  - Guan, Yi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The ongoing outbreak of viral pneumonia in China and beyond is associated with a novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2(1). This outbreak has been tentatively associated with a seafood market in Wuhan, China, where the sale of wild animals may be the source of zoonotic infection(2). Although bats are likely reservoir hosts for SARS-CoV-2, the identity of any intermediate host that might have facilitated transfer to humans is unknown. Here, we report the identification of SARS-CoV-2-related coronaviruses in Malayan pangolins (Manis javanica) seized in anti-smuggling operations in southern China. Metagenomic sequencing identified pangolin-associated coronaviruses that belong to two sub-lineages of SARS-CoV-2-related coronaviruses, including one that exhibits strong similarity to SARS-CoV-2 in the receptor-binding domain. The discovery of multiple lineages of pangolin coronavirus and their similarity to SARS-CoV-2 suggests that pangolins should be considered as possible hosts in the emergence of novel coronaviruses and should be removed from wet markets to prevent zoonotic transmission.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41586-020-2169-0
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Seven tips to manage your mental health and well-being during the COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Dickerson, Desiree
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00933-5
UR  - http://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00933-5
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Should scientists infect healthy people with the coronavirus to test vaccines?
AU  - Callaway, Ewen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00927-3
UR  - http://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00927-3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The COVID-19 pandemic and the use of MS Disease-Modifying Therapies
AU  - Giovannoni, Gavin
AU  - Hawkes, Chris
AU  - Lechner-Scott, Jeannette
AU  - Levy, Michael
AU  - Waubant, Emmanuelle
AU  - Gold, Julian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 102073-102073
SP  - 102073
EP  - 102073
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msard.2020.102073
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211034820301498
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Asymptomatic and Presymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infections in Residents of a Long-Term Care Skilled Nursing Facility — King County, Washington, March 2020
AU  - Kimball A, Hatfield KM, Arons M, et al.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Summary. What is already known about this topic? Once SARS-CoV-2 is introduced in a long-term care skilled nursing facility (SNF), rapid transmission can occur. What is added by this report? Following identification of a case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a health care worker, 76 of 82 residents of an SNF were tested for SARS-CoV-2; 23 (30.3%) had positive test results, approximately half of whom were asymptomatic or presymptomatic on the day of testing. What are the implications for public health practice? Symptom-based screening of SNF residents might fail to identify all SARS-CoV-2 infections. Asymptomatic and presymptomatic SNF residents might contribute to SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Once a facility has confirmed a COVID-19 case, all residents should be cared for using CDC-recommended personal protective equipment (PPE), with considerations for extended use or reuse of PPE as needed.
JO  - MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6913e1
UR  - https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/pdfs/mm6913e1-H.pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - MMW Fortschritte der Medizin
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 162
IS  - 5
PG  - 25
SP  - 25
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s15006-020-0246-9
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L631286396 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s15006-020-0246-9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Alcohol consumption in the Covid-19 Era
AU  - Testino, Gianni
AU  - Pellicano, Rinaldo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Minerva gastroenterologica e dietologica
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.23736/S1121-421X.20.02698-7
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - APA poll finds nearly half anxious about getting COVID-19
AU  - Canady, Valerie A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Nearly half of Americans (48%) are anxious about the possibility of getting COVID-19, and nearly four in 10 Americans (40%) are anxious about becoming seriously ill or dying from it, according to a new national poll released by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) March 15. However, many more Americans (62%) are anxious about the possibility of family and loved ones getting the coronavirus, the APA stated.
JO  - Mental Health Weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 30
IS  - 13
PG  - 5-5
SP  - 5
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/mhw.32295
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/mhw.32295
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - As ACA marks 10th anniversary, MH care even more critical during COVID-19
AU  - Canady, Valerie A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - March 23, 2020, marked the 10th anniversary of the Affordable Care Act (ACA), which, despite some ups and downs over the past decade, has expanded the scope of coverage for millions of people with mental illnesses and substance use disorders (SUDs).
JO  - Mental Health Weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 30
IS  - 13
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/mhw.32292
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/mhw.32292
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - APA calls for telecommunications use to prevent virus spread
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The American Psychological Association (APA) on March 24 called on states and insurers to move quickly to allow people to connect with their mental health providers remotely using telehealth as the need for mental health services rises during the COVID-19 pandemic. ?We are asking state policymakers to temporarily suspend state licensing requirements for telepsychological services, which would allow patients greater access to their providers and ensure continuity of care during this crisis,? Arthur C. Evans Jr., Ph.D., APA's CEO, said in a statement. ?The federal government has just identified psychologists as critical, essential workers in the U.S. response to COVID-19. But this does not mean that psychologists and psychology trainees must do work in person,? he said. ?Essential psychological services can, and in many cases, should be delivered through telehealth. It is critically important that psychologists are able to meet the needs of their patients and communities during this difficult time, without further increasing the risk of contagion.?
JO  - Mental Health Weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 30
IS  - 13
PG  - 7-7
SP  - 7
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/mhw.32297
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/mhw.32297
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Michigan county to continue services during ‘stay home’ order
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Residents of Muskegon County in Michigan will still have access to mental health services to combat the negative effects of social isolation during the three-week man-date, mlive.com reported March 24. HealthWest, a community mental health center in Muskegon, will continue to provide behavioral health and substance use treatment during the stay-at-home order issued March 24 by Gov. Gretchen Whitmer, the center announced in a news release. Whitmer banned all non-essential travel and ordered the closure of most businesses for three weeks to slow the spread of COVID-19 across the state. ?Extended isolation puts the individuals we serve at risk, and our staff is here to help make sure those we serve know they are not alone,? HealthWest Executive Director Julia Rupp in a released statement. Although the health center has closed most of its facilities to limit the number of face-to-face meetings, HealthWest has increased the use of telemedicine and virtual meetings to continue serving patients. ?While we may have closed most of our facilities, our staff is still working around the clock to assist those in services,? Rupp said. ?We want those we serve to have the support they need during this crisis.?
JO  - Mental Health Weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 30
IS  - 13
PG  - 8-8
SP  - 8
EP  - 8
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/mhw.32301
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/mhw.32301 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/mhw.32301
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - New York MH groups launch campaign to help people stay connected
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The Coalition for Behavioral Health and the New York Association of Psychiatric Rehabilitation Services (NYAPRS) announced last week the launch of a new campaign to help New Yorkers to reach out, connect and comfort one another as New Yorkers work their way through the COVID-19 crisis and social distancing, advocates announced in a news release. The ?Strive for Five? campaign aims to educate and encourage New Yorkers to use a variety of strategies, such as phone, text, web, social media, and other applications and Zoom technologies to reach out and offer mental health support to at least five people over the next 30 days. As movement is increasingly restricted, virtual check-ins grow more important each day, advocates stated. ?We encourage New Yorkers to connect with people who may be isolated, lonely or live alone, and to reach out to neighbors, friends, families and co-workers. First responders, health care workers and other individuals who are courageously keeping our essential services open also need support now, as do caregivers who are hard at work taking care of others,? said NYAPRS and the coalition.
JO  - Mental Health Weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 30
IS  - 13
PG  - 8-8
SP  - 8
EP  - 8
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/mhw.32300
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/mhw.32300
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Senate approves coronavirus relief bill
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The U.S. Senate approved an estimated $2 trillion stimulus package to battle the harmful effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, though concerns with the unemployment provisions remain, according to the National Conference of State Legislature. A few highlights of what's included in the package.
JO  - Mental Health Weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 30
IS  - 13
PG  - 7-7
SP  - 7
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/mhw.32298
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/mhw.32298
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in patients of novel coronavirus disease 2019
AU  - Zhao, Juanjuan
AU  - Yuan, Quan
AU  - Wang, Haiyan
AU  - Liu, Wei
AU  - Liao, Xuejiao
AU  - Su, Yingying
AU  - Wang, Xin
AU  - Yuan, Jing
AU  - Li, Tingdong
AU  - Li, Jinxiu
AU  - Qian, Shen
AU  - Hong, Congming
AU  - Wang, Fuxiang
AU  - Liu, Yingxia
AU  - Wang, Zhaoqin
AU  - He, Qing
AU  - Li, Zhiyong
AU  - He, Bin
AU  - Zhang, Tianying
AU  - Fu, Yang
AU  - Ge, Shengxiang
AU  - Liu, Lei
AU  - Zhang, Jun
AU  - Xia, Ningshao
AU  - Zhang, Zheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa344
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa344/5812996
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Maternity protection-also during the corona crisis]
AU  - Michels, Guido
AU  - Ochmann, Uta
AU  - Cranen, Rita
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Pregnant employees should be protected, particularly in crisis situations. The Maternity Protection Act states that employees are not allowed to have contact with infectious people, including people with SARS-CoV-2 infections; no new regulation is required here.
JO  - Medizinische Klinik, Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00063-020-00677-0
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - La maldita pandemia: una oportunidad para la Atención Primaria de Salud
AU  - Llisterri Caro, J. L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Medicina de Familia. SEMERGEN
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.semerg.2020.03.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1138359320300903 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1138359320300903
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Strange Days
AU  - Eva, Kevin W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As people around the globe grapple with the COVID-19 pandemic it is difficult to know what to write in this space. Given publication lags, academic periodicals like Medical Education are a terrible place for "news" at the best of times. Our recently started release of "Accepted Articles" ensures this editorial will be made public in days rather than months, but the current situation is changing for many of us by the hour. With no capacity to know the future, the only claim I can make with confidence is that things are different now, when you're reading this text, relative to when it was written.
JO  - Medical education
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/medu.14164
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Faith, Politics and the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Turkish Response
AU  - Alyanak, Oğuz
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Medical anthropology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/01459740.2020.1745482
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 infection presenting with hematochezia
AU  - Li, Guotao
AU  - Zhao, Xingpeng
AU  - Dong, Zhihui
AU  - Wang, Huirui
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Médecine et Maladies Infectieuses
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medmal.2020.03.005
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0399077X20300780
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and the otolaryngologist - preliminary evidence-based review
AU  - Vukkadala, Neelaysh
AU  - Qian, Z. Jason
AU  - Holsinger, F. Christopher
AU  - Patel, Zara M.
AU  - Rosenthal, Eben
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The SARS-CoV-2 virus which causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has rapidly swept across the world since its identification in December 2019. Otolaryngologists are at unique risk due to the close contact with mucus membranes of the upper respiratory tract and have been among the most affected healthcare workers in Wuhan, China. We present information on COVID-19 management relevant to otolaryngologists on the frontlines of this pandemic and provide preliminary guidance based on practices implemented in China and other countries and practical strategies deployed at Stanford University. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - The Laryngoscope
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/lary.28672
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [The Covid-19 pandemic and otolaryngology: What it comes down to?]
AU  - Lüers, Jan-Christoffer
AU  - Klußmann, Jens Peter
AU  - Guntinas-Lichius, Orlando
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Here, we review the most recent findings on the effects COVID-19 pandemic for the work of otolaryngologists. The role of anosmia and hyposmia as a potential COVID-19 related symptom is presented. We discuss the clinical management of all ENT patients, but especially of COVID-19 patients from the ENT perspective. The impact of the infection on the ENT examination and ENT surgery is summarized.
JO  - Laryngo- rhino- otologie
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1055/a-1095-2344
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 infection in children
AU  - Sinha, Ian P.
AU  - Harwood, Rachel
AU  - Semple, Malcolm G.
AU  - Hawcutt, Daniel B.
AU  - Thursfield, Rebecca
AU  - Narayan, Omendra
AU  - Kenny, Simon E.
AU  - Viner, Russell
AU  - Hewer, Simon Langton
AU  - Southern, Kevin W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Respiratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30152-1
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213260020301521 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2213260020301521
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The COVID-19 response must be disability inclusive
AU  - Armitage, Richard
AU  - Nellums, Laura B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30076-1
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468266720300761
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The many estimates of the COVID-19 case fatality rate
AU  - Rajgor, Dimple D.
AU  - Lee, Meng Har
AU  - Archuleta, Sophia
AU  - Bagdasarian, Natasha
AU  - Quek, Swee Chye
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30244-9
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1473309920302449
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical and virological data of the first cases of COVID-19 in Europe: a case series
AU  - Lescure, Francois-Xavier
AU  - Bouadma, Lila
AU  - Nguyen, Duc
AU  - Parisey, Marion
AU  - Wicky, Paul-Henri
AU  - Behillil, Sylvie
AU  - Gaymard, Alexandre
AU  - Bouscambert-Duchamp, Maude
AU  - Donati, Flora
AU  - Le Hingrat, Quentin
AU  - Enouf, Vincent
AU  - Houhou-Fidouh, Nadhira
AU  - Valette, Martine
AU  - Mailles, Alexandra
AU  - Lucet, Jean-Christophe
AU  - Mentre, France
AU  - Duval, Xavier
AU  - Descamps, Diane
AU  - Malvy, Denis
AU  - Timsit, Jean-François
AU  - Lina, Bruno
AU  - van-der-Werf, Sylvie
AU  - Yazdanpanah, Yazdan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Summary Background On Dec 31, 2019, China reported a cluster of cases of pneumonia in people at Wuhan, Hubei Province. The responsible pathogen is a novel coronavirus, named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We report the relevant features of the first cases in Europe of confirmed infection, named coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), with the first patient diagnosed with the disease on Jan 24, 2020. Methods In this case series, we followed five patients admitted to Bichat-Claude Bernard University Hospital (Paris, France) and Pellegrin University Hospital (Bordeaux, France) and diagnosed with COVID-19 by semi-quantitative RT-PCR on nasopharyngeal swabs. We assessed patterns of clinical disease and viral load from different samples (nasopharyngeal and blood, urine, and stool samples), which were obtained once daily for 3 days from hospital admission, and once every 2 or 3 days until patient discharge. All samples were refrigerated and shipped to laboratories in the National Reference Center for Respiratory Viruses (The Institut Pasteur, Paris, and Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France), where RNA extraction, real-time RT-PCR, and virus isolation and titration procedures were done. Findings The patients were three men (aged 31 years, 48 years, and 80 years) and two women (aged 30 years and 46 years), all of Chinese origin, who had travelled to France from China around mid-January, 2020. Three different clinical evolutions are described: (1) two paucisymptomatic women diagnosed within a day of exhibiting symptoms, with high nasopharyngeal titres of SARS-CoV-2 within the first 24 h of the illness onset (5·2 and 7·4 log10 copies per 1000 cells, respectively) and viral RNA detection in stools; (2) a two-step disease progression in two young men, with a secondary worsening around 10 days after disease onset despite a decreasing viral load in nasopharyngeal samples; and (3) an 80-year-old man with a rapid evolution towards multiple organ failure and a persistent high viral load in lower and upper respiratory tract with systemic virus dissemination and virus detection in plasma. The 80-year-old patient died on day 14 of illness (Feb 14, 2020); all other patients had recovered and been discharged by Feb 19, 2020. Interpretation We illustrated three different clinical and biological types of evolution in five patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 with detailed and comprehensive viral sampling strategy. We believe that these findings will contribute to a better understanding of the natural history of the disease and will contribute to advances in the implementation of more efficient infection control strategies. Funding REACTing (Research & Action Emerging Infectious Diseases).
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30200-0
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1473309920302000
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemic preparedness in urban settings: new challenges and opportunities
AU  - Lee, Vernon J.
AU  - Ho, Marc
AU  - Kai, Chen Wen
AU  - Aguilera, Ximena
AU  - Heymann, David
AU  - Wilder-Smith, Annelies
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30249-8
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1473309920302498
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Understanding COVID-19: what does viral RNA load really mean?
AU  - Joynt, Gavin M.
AU  - Wu, William K. K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30237-1
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1473309920302371
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Correction to Lancet Infect Dis 2020; published online March 23. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30162
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30261-9
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1473309920302619
NS  - 
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Correction to Lancet Infect Dis 2020; Published online March 23, 2020 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30226-7
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30252-8
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1473309920302528
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mental health considerations for children quarantined because of COVID-19
AU  - Liu, Jia Jia
AU  - Bao, Yanping
AU  - Huang, Xiaolin
AU  - Shi, Jie
AU  - Lu, Lin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-4642(20)30096-1
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352464220300961
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Historical linkages: epidemic threat, economic risk, and xenophobia
AU  - White, Alexandre I. R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30737-6
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673620307376
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Tracking COVID-19 responsibly
AU  - Muhareb, Rania
AU  - Giacaman, Rita
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30693-0
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30693-0 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0140673620306930
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Experts’ request to the Spanish Government: move Spain towards complete lockdown
AU  - Mitjà, Oriol
AU  - Arenas, Àlex
AU  - Rodó, Xavier
AU  - Tobias, Aurelio
AU  - Brew, Joe
AU  - Benlloch, José M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30753-4
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30753-4 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0140673620307534
NS  - 
N1  - Qingxia Zhong (2020-04-14 23:07:16)(Included): correction added: 48062; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Special attention to nurses’ protection during the COVID-19 epidemic
AU  - Huang, Lishan
AU  - Lin, Guanwen
AU  - Tang, Li
AU  - Yu, Lingna
AU  - Zhou, Zhilai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As of March 8, 2020, the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) had caused 80,815 human infections and 3073 deaths in China, including more than 3000 infections among medical staff. Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital (Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China), a provincial emergency hospital, has treated more than 35 confirmed cases of COVID-19 and more than 260 suspected cases. Most of nurses’ work involves direct contact with patients. As nurses have high vulnerability to COVID-19, it is necessary to establish hospital-specific protocols to reduce the risk of nurses’ infection in interactions with COVID-19 patients. Our hospital has maintained a “zero nurse infection” rate while battling SARS in 2003 and during the present COVID-19 epidemic. The following are the key measures implemented in our hospital.
JO  - Critical Care
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 24
IS  - 1
PG  - 120-120
SP  - 120
EP  - 120
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s13054-020-2841-7
UR  - https://ccforum.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13054-020-2841-7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Ostwald Growth Rate in Controlled Covid-19 Epidemic Spreading as in Arrested Growth in Quantum Complex Matter
AU  - Bianconi, Antonio
AU  - Marcelli, Augusto
AU  - Campi, Gaetano
AU  - Perali, Andrea
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>Here, we focus on the data analysis of the growth of epidemic spread of Covid-19 in countries where different policies of containment were activated. It is known that the growth of pandemic spread at its threshold is exponential, but it is not known how to quantify the success of different containment policies. We identify that a successful approach gives an arrested phase regime following the Ostwald growth, where, over the course of time, one phase transforms into another metastable phase with a similar free energy as observed in oxygen interstitial diffusion in quantum complex matter and in crystallization of proteins. We introduce the s factor which provides a quantitative measure of the efficiency and speed of the adopted containment policy, which is very helpful not only to monitor the Covid-19 pandemic spread but also for other countries to choose the best containment policy. The results show that a policy based on joint confinement, targeted tests, and tracking positive cases is the most rapid pandemic containment policy; in fact, we found values of 9, 5, and 31 for the success s factor for China, South Korea, and Italy, respectively, where the lowest s factor indicates the best containment policy.</p>
JO  - Condensed Matter
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 5
IS  - 2
PG  - 23-23
SP  - 23
EP  - 23
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/condmat5020023
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3896/5/2/23
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
TI  - New and emerging diseases
AU  - Webber, R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This chapter looks at new and emerging diseases, infections that have appeared in recent times and others that have not fully developed into the serious problem that they could become. Animal-related infectious diseases that caused great impact in humans are described, including HIV infection, bovine spongiform encephalopathy/variant of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, severe acute respiratory syndrome, avian influenza, monkeypox, Nipah virus, Hendra virus, Ebola, Middle East respiratory syndrome, haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, salmonellosis and Campylobacter infection. Arboviral diseases (West Nile fever, Rift Valley fever, Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever, chikungunya virus disease and Zika fever), antimicrobial-resistant infections and bioterrorism agents (plague, smallpox, tularaemia, anthrax, botulinum toxin) are discussed.
JO  - Communicable diseases: a global perspective
PB  - CABI
CY  - Wallingford
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 330-342
SP  - 330
EP  - 342
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1079/9781786395245.0330
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Eye and COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Hoenig, Leonard J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinics in Dermatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clindermatol.2020.03.013
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0738081X20300572
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Follow-up of the asymptomatic patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection
AU  - Zhou, Xian
AU  - Li, Yang
AU  - Li, Tao
AU  - Zhang, Wenhong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical Microbiology and Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2020.03.024
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1198743X20301695
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Syndromic panels or the panels’ syndrome? A perspective through the lens of respiratory tract infections - Author’s reply
AU  - Zanella, Marie-Céline
AU  - Meylan, Pascal
AU  - Kaiser, Laurent
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical Microbiology and Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.cmi.2020.03.029
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1198743X20301749 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1198743X20301749
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19, SARS and MERS: are they closely related?
AU  - Petrosillo, Nicola
AU  - Viceconte, Giulio
AU  - Ergonul, Onder
AU  - Ippolito, Giuseppe
AU  - Petersen, Eskild
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background The 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is a new human coronavirus which is spreading with epidemic features in China and other Asian countries with cases reported worldwide. This novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) is associated with a respiratory illness that may cause severe pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Although related to the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), COVID-19 shows some peculiar pathogenetic, epidemiological and clinical features which have not been completely understood to date. Objectives We provide a review of the differences in terms of pathogenesis, epidemiology and clinical features between COVID-19, SARS and MERS. Sources The most recent literature in English language regarding COVID-19 has been reviewed and extracted data have been compared with the current scientific evidence about SARS and MERS epidemics. Content COVID-19 seems not to be very different from SARS regarding its clinical features. However, it has a fatality rate of 2.3%, lower than SARS (9.5%) and much lower than MERS (34.4%). It cannot be excluded that because of the COVID-19 less severe clinical picture it can spread in the community more easily than MERS and SARS. The actual basic reproductive number (R0) of COVID-19 (2-2.5) is still controversial. It is probably slightly higher than the R0 of SARS (1.7-1.9) and higher than MERS (<1),. The gastrointestinal route of transmission of SARS-CoV-2, which has been also assumed for SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, cannot be ruled out and needs to be further investigated. Implications There is still much more to know about COVID-19, especially as concerns mortality and capacity of spreading on a pandemic level. Nonetheless, all of the lessons we learned in the past from SARS and MERS epidemics are the best cultural weapons to face this new global threat.
JO  - Clinical Microbiology and Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2020.03.026
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1198743X20301713
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Molecular characterization of SARS-CoV-2 from the first case of COVID-19 in Italy
AU  - Capobianchi, Maria Rosaria
AU  - Rueca, Martina
AU  - Messina, Francesco
AU  - Giombini, Emanuela
AU  - Carletti, Fabrizio
AU  - Colavita, Francesca
AU  - Castilletti, Concetta
AU  - Lalle, Eleonora
AU  - Bordi, Licia
AU  - Vairo, Francesco
AU  - Nicastri, Emanuele
AU  - Ippolito, Giuseppe
AU  - Maria Gruber, Cesare Ernesto
AU  - Bartolini, Barbara
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical Microbiology and Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.cmi.2020.03.025
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1198743X20301701 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1198743X20301701
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Molecular characterization of SARS-CoV-2 in the first COVID-19 cluster in France reveals an amino-acid deletion in nsp2 (Asp268Del)
AU  - Bal, Antonin
AU  - Destras, Grégory
AU  - Gaymard, Alexandre
AU  - Bouscambert-Duchamp, Maude
AU  - Valette, Martine
AU  - Escuret, Vanessa
AU  - Frobert, Emilie
AU  - Billaud, Geneviève
AU  - Trouillet-Assant, Sophie
AU  - Cheynet, Valérie
AU  - Brengel-Pesce, Karen
AU  - Morfin, Florence
AU  - Lina, Bruno
AU  - Josset, Laurence
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical Microbiology and Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2020.03.020
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1198743X20301658
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Sound Science before Quick Judgement Regarding RAS Blockade in COVID-19
AU  - Sparks, Matthew A.
AU  - South, Andrew
AU  - Welling, Paul
AU  - Luther, J. Matt
AU  - Cohen, Jordana
AU  - Byrd, James Brian
AU  - Burrell, Louise M.
AU  - Batlle, Daniel
AU  - Tomlinson, Laurie
AU  - Bhalla, Vivek
AU  - Rheault, Michelle N.
AU  - Soler, María José
AU  - Swaminathan, Sundar
AU  - Hiremath, Swapnil
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2215/CJN.03530320
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Quantitative Detection and Viral Load Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 in Infected Patients
AU  - Yu, Fengting
AU  - Yan, Liting
AU  - Wang, Nan
AU  - Yang, Siyuan
AU  - Wang, Linghang
AU  - Tang, Yunxia
AU  - Gao, Guiju
AU  - Wang, Sa
AU  - Ma, Chengjie
AU  - Xie, Ruming
AU  - Wang, Fang
AU  - Tan, Chianru
AU  - Zhu, Lingxiang
AU  - Guo, Yong
AU  - Zhang, Fujie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa345
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa345/5812997
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Is There an Association Between COVID-19 Mortality and the Renin-Angiotensin System—a Call for Epidemiologic Investigations
AU  - Hanff, Thomas C.
AU  - Harhay, Michael O.
AU  - Brown, Tyler S.
AU  - Cohen, Jordana B.
AU  - Mohareb, Amir M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>Mortality from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is strongly associated with cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and hypertension. These disorders share underlying pathophysiology related to the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) that may be clinically insightful. In particular, activity of the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is dysregulated in cardiovascular disease, and this enzyme is used by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) to initiate the infection. Cardiovascular disease and pharmacologic RAS inhibition both increase ACE2 levels, which may increase the virulence of SARS-CoV-2 within the lung and heart. Conversely, mechanistic evidence from related coronaviruses suggests that SARS-CoV-2 infection may downregulate ACE2, leading to toxic overaccumulation of Angiotensin II that induces acute respiratory distress syndrome and fulminant myocarditis. RAS inhibition could mitigate this effect. With conflicting mechanistic evidence, we propose key clinical research priorities necessary to clarify the role of RAS inhibition in COVID-19 mortality that could be rapidly addressed by the international research community.</p>
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa329
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa329/5811880
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Self-reported olfactory and taste disorders in SARS-CoV-2 patients: a cross-sectional study
AU  - Giacomelli, Andrea
AU  - Pezzati, Laura
AU  - Conti, Federico
AU  - Bernacchia, Dario
AU  - Siano, Matteo
AU  - Oreni, Letizia
AU  - Rusconi, Stefano
AU  - Gervasoni, Cristina
AU  - Ridolfo, Anna Lisa
AU  - Rizzardini, Giuliano
AU  - Antinori, Spinello
AU  - Galli, Massimo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa330
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Spotlight on Jails: COVID-19 Mitigation Policies Needed Now
AU  - Wurcel, Alysse G.
AU  - Dauria, Emily
AU  - Zaller, Nicholas
AU  - Nijhawan, Ank
AU  - Beckwith, Curt
AU  - Nowotny, Kathryn
AU  - Brinkley-Rubinstein, Lauren
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa346
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa346/5812998
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Dynamic change process of target genes by RT-PCR testing of SARS-Cov-2 during the course of a Coronavirus Disease 2019 patient
AU  - Lv, Ding-feng
AU  - Ying, Qi-ming
AU  - Weng, Yue-song
AU  - Shen, Chi-bin
AU  - Chu, Jin-guo
AU  - Kong, Jing-ping
AU  - Sun, Ding-he
AU  - Gao, Xiang
AU  - Weng, Xing-bei
AU  - Chen, Xue-qin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We report the dynamic change process of target genes by RT-PCR testing of SARS-Cov-2 during the course of a COVID-19 patient: from successive negative results to successive single positive nucleocapsid gene, to two positive target genes (orf1ab and nucleocapsid) by RT-PCR testing of SARS-Cov-2, and describe the diagnosis, clinical course, and management of the case. In this case, negative results of RT-PCR testing was not excluded to diagnose a suspected COVID-19 patient, clinical signs and symptoms, other laboratory findings, and chest CT images should be taken into account for the absence of enough positive evidence. This case highlights the importance of successive sampling and testing SARS-Cov-2 by RT-PCR as well as the increased value of single positive target gene from pending to positive in two specimens to diagnose laboratory-confirmed COVID-19.
JO  - Clinica Chimica Acta
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cca.2020.03.032
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0009898120301340
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - CSC Expert Consensus on Principles of Clinical Management of Patients with Severe Emergent Cardiovascular Diseases during the COVID-19 Epidemic
AU  - Han, Yaling
AU  - Zeng, Hesong
AU  - Jiang, Hong
AU  - Yang, Yuejin
AU  - Yuan, Zuyi
AU  - Cheng, Xiang
AU  - Jing, Zhicheng
AU  - Liu, Bin
AU  - Chen, Jiyan
AU  - Nie, Shaoping
AU  - Zhu, Jianhua
AU  - Li, Fei
AU  - Ma, Changsheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Circulation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.047011
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Detection of serum immunoglobulin M and immunoglobulin G antibodies in 2019-novel coronavirus infected cases from different stages
AU  - Gao, Hui-Xia
AU  - Li, Ya-Nan
AU  - Xu, Zun-Gui
AU  - Wang, Yu-Ling
AU  - Wang, Hai-Bin
AU  - Cao, Jin-Feng
AU  - Yuan, De-Qin
AU  - Li, Li
AU  - Xu, Yi
AU  - Zhang, Zhi
AU  - Huang, Ying
AU  - Lu, Jian-Hua
AU  - Liu, Yu-Zhen
AU  - Dai, Er-Hei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Chinese medical journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000820
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - In Silico assessment of the impact of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) genomic variation on published real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction detection assays
AU  - Fan, Hang
AU  - Zhang, Xiang-Li-Lan
AU  - Zhang, Ya-Wei
AU  - Huang, Yong
AU  - Teng, Yue
AU  - Guo, Yan
AU  - Mi, Zhi-Qiang
AU  - Yang, Rui-Fu
AU  - Song, Ya-Jun
AU  - Cui, Yu-Jun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Chinese medical journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000817
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Genomic Perspective on the Origin and Emergence of SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Zhang, Yong-Zhen
AU  - Holmes, Edward C.
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - The ongoing pandemic of a new human coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, has generated enormous global concern. We and others in China were involved in the initial genome sequencing of the virus. Herein, we describe what genomic data reveal about the emergence SARS-CoV-2 and discuss the gaps in our understanding of its origins.
JO  - Cell
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.cell.2020.03.035
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2020.03.035
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Characteristic ECG Manifestations in Patients with COVID-19
AU  - He, Jia
AU  - Wu, Bo
AU  - Chen, Yaqin
AU  - Tang, Jianjun
AU  - Liu, Qiming
AU  - Zhou, Shenghua
AU  - Chen, Chen
AU  - Qin, Qingwu
AU  - Huang, Kang
AU  - Lv, Jianlei
AU  - Chen, Yan
AU  - Peng, Daoquan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Cardiac involvement has been reported in patients with COVID-19, which may be reflected by ECG changes. Two COVID-19 cases in our report exhibited different ECG manifestations as the disease caused deterioration. The first case presented temporary SIQIIITIII morphology followed by reversible nearly complete atrioventricular block, while the second demonstrated ST segment elevation accompanied by multifocal ventricular tachycardia. The underlying mechanisms of these electrocardiographic abnormalities in the severe stage of COVID-19 may be attributed to hypoxia and inflammatory damage incurred by the virus.
JO  - Canadian Journal of Cardiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cjca.2020.03.028
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0828282X20303019
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 as the molecular bridge between epidemiologic and clinical features of COVID-19
AU  - Bombardini, Tonino
AU  - Picano, Eugenio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Canadian Journal of Cardiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cjca.2020.03.026
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0828282X20302993
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Simulation as a tool for assessing and evolving your current personal protective equipment: lessons learned during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic
AU  - Lockhart, Shannon L.
AU  - Naidu, Justen J.
AU  - Badh, Charanjit S.
AU  - Duggan, Laura V.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12630-020-01638-z
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Role of Emergency Radiology in COVID-19: From Preparedness to Diagnosis
AU  - Nasir, Muhammad Umer
AU  - Roberts, James
AU  - Muller, Nestor L.
AU  - Macri, Francesco
AU  - Mohammed, Mohammed F.
AU  - Akhlaghpoor, Shahram
AU  - Parker, William
AU  - Eftekhari, Arash
AU  - Rezaei, Susan
AU  - Mayo, John
AU  - Nicolaou, Savvas
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Emergency trauma radiology, although a relatively new subspecialty of radiology, plays a critical role in both the diagnosis/triage of acutely ill patients, but even more important in providing leadership and taking the lead in the preparedness of imaging departments in dealing with novel highly infectious communicable diseases and mass casualties. This has become even more apparent in dealing with COVID-19, the disease caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, first emerged in late 2019. We review the symptoms, epidemiology, and testing for this disease. We discuss characteristic imaging findings of COVID-19 in relation to other modern coronavirus diseases including SARS and MERS. We discuss roles that community radiology clinics, outpatient radiology departments, and emergency radiology departments can play in the diagnosis of this disease. We review practical methods to reduce spread of infections within radiology departments.
JO  - Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 0846537120916419-0846537120916419
SP  - 0846537120916419
EP  - 0846537120916419
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/0846537120916419
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1177/0846537120916419
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Public health round-up
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Bulletin of the World Health Organization
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 98
IS  - 3
PG  - 155-156
SP  - 155
EP  - 156
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2471/BLT.20.010320
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L631163068 http://dx.doi.org/10.2471/BLT.20.010320
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Spinal anaesthesia for patients with coronavirus disease 2019 and possible transmission rates in anaesthetists: retrospective, single-centre, observational cohort study
AU  - Zhong, Qi
AU  - Liu, Yin Y.
AU  - Luo, Qiong
AU  - Zou, Yu F.
AU  - Jiang, Hai X.
AU  - Li, Hui
AU  - Zhang, Jing J.
AU  - Li, Zhen
AU  - Yang, Xin
AU  - Ma, Min
AU  - Tang, Li J.
AU  - Chen, Ying Y.
AU  - Zheng, Feng
AU  - Ke, Jian J.
AU  - Zhang, Zong Z.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background The safety of performing spinal anaesthesia for both patients and anaesthetists alike in the presence of active infection with the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is unclear. Here, we report the clinical characteristics and outcomes for both patients with COVID-19 and the anaesthetists who provided their spinal anaesthesia. Methods Forty-nine patients with radiologically confirmed COVID-19 for Caesarean section or lower-limb surgery undergoing spinal anaesthesia in Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan, China participated in this retrospective study. Clinical characteristics and perioperative outcomes were recorded. For anaesthesiologists exposed to patients with COVID-19 by providing spinal anaesthesia, the level of personal protective equipment (PPE) used, clinical outcomes (pulmonary CT scans), and confirmed COVID-19 transmission rates (polymerase chain reaction [PCR]) were reviewed. Results Forty-nine patients with COVID-19 requiring supplementary oxygen before surgery had spinal anaesthesia (ropivacaine 0.75%), chiefly for Caesarean section (45/49 [91%]). Spinal anaesthesia was not associated with cardiorespiratory compromise intraoperatively. No patients subsequently developed severe pneumonia. Of 44 anaesthetists, 37 (84.1%) provided spinal anaesthesia using Level 3 PPE. Coronavirus disease 2019 infection was subsequently confirmed by PCR in 5/44 (11.4%) anaesthetists. One (2.7%) of 37 anaesthetists who wore Level 3 PPE developed PCR-confirmed COVID-19 compared with 4/7 (57.1%) anaesthetists who had Level 1 protection in the operating theatre (relative risk reduction: 95.3% [95% confidence intervals: 63.7–99.4]; P<0.01). Conclusions Spinal anaesthesia was delivered safely in patients with active COVID-19 infection, the majority of whom had Caesarean sections. Level 3 PPE appears to reduce the risk of transmission to anaesthetists who are exposed to mildly symptomatic surgical patients.
JO  - British Journal of Anaesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bja.2020.03.007
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0007091220301616
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Anesthesiologist and COVID-19
AU  - Quintão, Vinícius Caldeira
AU  - Simões, Cláudia Marquez
AU  - Lima, Laís Helena Navarro e
AU  - Barros, Guilherme Antônio Moreira de
AU  - Salgado-Filho, Marcello Fonseca
AU  - Guimarães, Gabriel Magalhães Nunes
AU  - Alves, Rodrigo Leal
AU  - Caetano, Ana Maria Menezes
AU  - Schmidt, André Prato
AU  - Carmona, Maria José Carvalho
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology (English Edition)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjane.2020.03.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0104001420300294
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Using psychoneuroimmunity against COVID-19
AU  - Kim, Sung-Wan
AU  - Su, Kuan-Pin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The worldwide outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) raises concerns of widespread panic and anxiety in individuals subjected to the real or perceived threat of the virus. Compared to general populations, patients who are institutionalized in a closed unit are also very vulnerable to COVID-19 infection and complications. This crisis touched on difficult issues of not only psychiatric care and ethics, but also psychological impacts to psychiatric care givers. In this Viewpoint, we address both physical and biopsychosocial aspects of this infection, as well as the psychoneuroimmunity of preventive strategies of healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, balanced nutrition, quality sleep and a strong connection with people. Social distancing and wearing masks might help us from pathogen exposure, yet such these measures also prevent us from expressing compassion and friendliness. Therefore, all forms of psychological support should be routinely implemented not only to consider psychological resilience but also to enhance psychoneuroimmunity against COVID-19.
JO  - Brain, Behavior, and Immunity
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2020.03.025
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0889159120303913
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Knowledge and attitudes of medical staff in Chinese psychiatric hospitals regarding COVID-19
AU  - Shi, Yudong
AU  - Wang, Juan
AU  - Yang, Yating
AU  - Wang, Zhiqiang
AU  - Wang, Guoqing
AU  - Hashimoto, Kenji
AU  - Zhang, Kai
AU  - Liu, Huanzhong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the novel coronavirus COVID-19 a pandemic. There are patients in psychiatric hospitals in China who have been infected with COVID-19, however, the knowledge and attitudes of psychiatric hospital staff towards infectious diseases and their willingness to work during the COVID-19 outbreak has not yet been investigated. This study was performed to assess the knowledge and attitudes of medical staff in two Chinese mental health centers during the COVID-19 outbreak. We included 141 psychiatrists and 170 psychiatric nurses in the study. We found that during the COVID-19 epidemic, 89.51% of the medical staff of the psychiatric hospitals studied had extensive knowledge of COVID-19, and 64.63% of them received the relevant training in hospitals. Furthermore, about 77.17% of participants expressed a willingness to care for psychiatric patients suffering from COVID-19 virus infection. Independent predictors of willingness to care for patients included advanced training and experience of caring for patients with COVID-19. In conclusion, this study suggests that increased attention should be paid to the knowledge and attitudes of medical staff at psychiatric hospitals during the COVID-19 outbreak.
JO  - Brain, Behavior, & Immunity - Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 100064-100064
SP  - 100064
EP  - 100064
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbih.2020.100064
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666354620300296
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: what do trainees need to know?
AU  - Rimmer, Abi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Sarah Hallett, chair of the BMA junior doctors committee, answers questions on how the covid-19 pandemic might affect trainees This is an unprecedented situation for the NHS and it’s likely that many staff, including junior doctors, will be asked to take on roles that may be unfamiliar or that they weren’t expecting. We know that this is already happening in places where the pressure is being felt. Junior doctors shouldn’t be asked to do anything outside of their own competence levels; if you have concerns about where you are being redeployed, you should raise this with your educational supervisor. When working in a different role, you should be supported and always know who you can escalate to. We would also expect any diversions for junior doctors to be for as short a time as possible. It’s important, too, that once pressures ease, junior doctors can return to their training posts and trusts should do all they can to make sure this is the case. This rotation can still count towards your training; it’s likely that you’ll continue to develop curriculum competencies that you can enter into your portfolio. Additionally, the education bodies have published contingency plans for the annual review of competence training (ARCP)1 process this year, indicating that these will still take place, with reduced panels and an increased focus on competencies. ARCPs for junior doctors at critical points in their training—such as those completing core training or approaching the certificate of completion of training—will be prioritised. Foundation specific advice, detailing new expectations for the 2020 ARCP process, has also been published. Even with the intense pressure we’re facing, it’s ultimately …
JO  - BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1276-m1276
SP  - m1276
EP  - m1276
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1276
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32220829
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: Researchers launch app to track spread of symptoms in the UK
AU  - Mayor, Susan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Nearly 700 000 people signed up in the first 24 hours of the launch of an app to help track the spread of coronavirus across the UK in real time and collect information on the range of self-reported symptoms and the characteristics of those most at risk. The Covid Symptom Tracker app (covid.joinzoe.com) enables users to make a daily report of any symptoms. It is available free of charge to members of the public in the UK. The app has also been given to 5000 twins and their families recruited from the ongoing TwinsUK cohort study.1 “The aim of the app is to help slow the outbreak” by understanding what measures work, said the researchers from King’s College London and Guy’s and St Thomas’ Hospitals in partnership with …
JO  - BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1263-m1263
SP  - m1263
EP  - m1263
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1263
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32220898
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: "Illogical" lack of testing is causing healthy staff to self-isolate, BMA chief warns
AU  - Iacobucci, Gareth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The absence of covid-19 testing for NHS staff is causing huge workforce shortages by forcing doctors to self-isolate even if they do not have the virus, the head of the BMA has warned. The government’s advice is for people with covid-19 symptoms to stay at home for seven days, but for all other household members who remain well to isolate for 14 days. The BMA council chairman, Chaand Nagpaul, said that the lack of testing for staff was “counter-intuitive” as it was likely to be forcing more staff than necessary to stay away from hospitals and GP surgeries because they do not know if they are infected. …
JO  - BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1277-m1277
SP  - m1277
EP  - m1277
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1277
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32220877
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: medical students and FY1 doctors to be given early registration to help combat covid-19
AU  - Harvey, Anna
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Final year medical students are to be offered early provisional registration and foundation year 1 (FY1) doctors early full registration with the General Medical Council to help staffing levels during the covid-19 pandemic, a joint statement from regulatory and training bodies released on 25 March says.1 The statement from the UK health departments, the GMC, Health Education England, NHS Education for Scotland, Health Education and Improvement Wales, the Northern Ireland Medical and Dental Training Agency, and …
JO  - BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1268-m1268
SP  - m1268
EP  - m1268
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1268
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32220863
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: hospitals brace for disaster as US surpasses China in number of cases
AU  - Dyer, Owen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The US has become the country with the most confirmed cases of covid-19 with 86 762 diagnoses on the morning of 27 March—more than China or Italy—and 1306 deaths. The rise in cases is steeper in the US than in any other large country. Almost half of US cases are in the state of New York while neighbouring New Jersey has the second most cases. Texas and some other states now require people coming from New York to self-quarantine. But there are multiple cases in every US state and every sizeable city, with prominent clusters in New Orleans, Detroit, Chicago, Miami, Atlanta, and the Denver region. As US hospitals …
JO  - BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1278-m1278
SP  - m1278
EP  - m1278
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1278
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32220826
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Guidance needed for singlehanded GPs to deal with covid-19 pandemic
AU  - O'Dowd, Adrian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Singlehanded GPs are worried about what will happen to their practice patients if they themselves become ill with the covid-19 virus and have to self-isolate, it has emerged. The situation has been highlighted by a case of a husband and wife GP, both older than 70, who each have their own singlehanded practices in Nottingham. Doctors Noble Vinayakumar Phillips and Naomi Phillips have sought, unsuccessfully so far, to secure assurances over what will happen to their patients if they both have to self-isolate. Officials say practices should have been informed about how they can support each other, make better use of technology, and have access to “buddying” arrangements for practices with major staff absences. Noble Vinayakumar Phillips of the Bilborough Surgery in Nottingham, who is 76, told The BMJ : “All these years, myself and my wife were able to support each other in case of emergencies or should one of us fall ill. “We were already planning to retire. We have started discussions with the PCN [primary care network] and the CCG [clinical commissioning …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1261-m1261
SP  - m1261
EP  - m1261
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1261
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32220929 http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1261
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: Doctors are told not to perform CPR on patients in cardiac arrest
AU  - Mahase, Elisabeth
AU  - Kmietowicz, Zosia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Healthcare staff in the West Midlands have been told not to start chest compressions or ventilation in patients who are in cardiac arrest if they have suspected or diagnosed covid-19 unless they are in the emergency department and staff are wearing full personal protective equipment (PPE). The guidance from the University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust says that patients in cardiac arrest outside the emergency department can be given defibrillator treatment if they have a “shockable” rhythm. But if this fails to restart the heart “further resuscitation is futile,” it says. If a patient with suspected covid-19 is in cardiac arrest they should be given cardiac compressions and be ventilated only if they are in the emergency department and the person attending them is wearing aerosol generating procedures (AGP) PPE. That means wearing an FFP3 mask, full gown with long sleeves, gloves, and eye protection. The advice rests on the premise that performing cardiac compressions risks virus particles being released into the air that could infect staff. In an email to staff, Nick Crombie, associate medical director and trauma anaesthetist at the …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1282-m1282
SP  - m1282
EP  - m1282
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1282
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1282
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and covid-19
AU  - Little, Paul
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Extra risk is plausible on current balance of evidence Emerging evidence suggests that the most serious complications of covid-19 are sepsis and cardiovascular or respiratory complications. They occur predominantly in elderly people and those with underlying health conditions.1 Does use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) increase these risks? We don’t know for certain, but additional risks are plausible on the current balance of evidence. In observational studies, long term use of NSAIDs such as ibuprofen, naproxen, and diclofenac has been associated with higher rates of cardiovascular outcomes such as myocardial infarction, heart failure, and stroke2—albeit with ongoing debate about residual confounding.3 Acute respiratory tract infections are already associated with increased risk of stroke and myocardial infarction, and short term use of NSAIDs during the illness is associated with further increases in risk.45 NSAIDs cause nephrotoxicity,67 which is more likely among the patient groups most likely to be seriously affected by covid-19 and …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1185-m1185
SP  - m1185
EP  - m1185
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1185
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32220865 http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1185
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: Lack of PPE in care homes is risking spread of virus, leaders warn
AU  - Iacobucci, Gareth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A lack of access to personal protective equipment (PPE) and staff testing in care homes poses a major risk of covid-19 being spread, sector leaders have warned. Care homes have been identified as one of the biggest potential risks for virus spreading, owing to the number of elderly residents with underlying health conditions. At a health select committee hearing hosted remotely on 26 March, Sarah Pickup, the deputy chief executive of the Local Government Association, said that more equipment and testing was needed to protect both residents and workers.1 “Access to PPE is insufficient in the care sector,” she …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1280-m1280
SP  - m1280
EP  - m1280
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1280
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32220878 http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1280
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: diabetes clinicians set up social media account to help alleviate patients’ fears
AU  - Iacobucci, Gareth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A group of diabetes doctors and other clinicians has set up a social media account to help alleviate patients’ fears around covid-19 and provide them with “a secure base” of information. Around one in 13 people in the UK has diabetes, roughly 90% type 2 diabetes and 10% type 1. The UK government has advised that all people with diabetes—along with other at-risk groups—should be “particularly stringent” in following social distancing measures that ministers have set …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1262-m1262
SP  - m1262
EP  - m1262
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1262
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32220832 http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1262
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prevent loss of life by providing all NHS staff with WHO standard personal protective equipment
AU  - Hero, Isabelle
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As a retired consultant histopathologist with 40 years’ experience of working in the NHS, I am appalled that NHS staff are not being provided with adequate personal protective equipment …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1275-m1275
SP  - m1275
EP  - m1275
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1275
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32220851 http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1275
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Safe Delivery for COVID-19 Infected Pregnancies
AU  - Qi, Hongbo
AU  - Luo, Xin
AU  - Zheng, Yangxi
AU  - Zhang, Hua
AU  - Li, Jiafu
AU  - Zou, Li
AU  - Feng, Ling
AU  - Chen, Dunjin
AU  - Shi, Yuan
AU  - Tong, Chao
AU  - Baker, Philip N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Since December 2019, a new coronavirus (COVID-19) infection has rapidly become prevalent in central China1. On the basis of knowledge obtained from a previous coronavirus outbreak2, pregnant women are believed to be susceptible to this virus. Once a maternal infection of COVID-19 is suspected or confirmed, childbirth becomes complicated and challenging. Efficient obstetric treatment is required, and is key to optimizing the prognosis for both mother and child. Care should be taken in determination of the timing of delivery, assessment of the indications for caesarean section, preparation of the delivery room to prevent infection, choice of the type of anesthesia, and newborn management.
JO  - BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/1471-0528.16231
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-0528.16231
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Advice regarding COVID-19 and use of immunomodulators, in patients with severe dermatological diseases
AU  - Rademaker, Mariu
AU  - Baker, Christopher
AU  - Foley, Peter
AU  - Sullivan, John
AU  - Wang, Charlie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), as named by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). There is very limited evidence base to formulate specific advice for dermatology patients on immunomodulators with regards to COVID-19. The following is based on expert opinion, taking into account known risks of influenza (a negative sense single-stranded RNA virus) and other, positive-sense single-stranded, RNA virus infections (such as SARS, MERS, and the common cold). An Australia/New Zealand consensus document is in development.
JO  - Australasian Journal of Dermatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/ajd.13295
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/ajd.13295
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID 2019 Outbreak: The disappointment in Indian Teachers
AU  - Bhat, Ritesh
AU  - Singh, Varun Kumar
AU  - Naik, Nithesh
AU  - Kamath C, Raghavendra
AU  - Mulimani, Prashant
AU  - Kulkarni, Niranjan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Asian Journal of Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 102047-102047
SP  - 102047
EP  - 102047
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102047
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876201820301581
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Minimally Invasive Surgery and the Novel Coronavirus Outbreak: Lessons Learned in China and Italy
AU  - Zheng, Min Hua
AU  - Boni, Luigi
AU  - Fingerhut, Abe
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1097/SLA.0000000000003924
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A War on Two Fronts: Cancer Care in the Time of COVID-19
AU  - Kutikov, Alexander
AU  - Weinberg, David S.
AU  - Edelman, Martin J.
AU  - Horwitz, Eric M.
AU  - Uzzo, Robert G.
AU  - Fisher, Richard I.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of internal medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7326/M20-1133
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Initial Experience of an Emergency Department in Shenzhen in Responding to the Emerging Wuhan Coronavirus Pneumonia
AU  - Lu, K. L.
AU  - Chen, S.
AU  - Leung, L. P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 75
IS  - 4
PG  - 556
SP  - 556
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2020.02.006
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005360212 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2020.02.006
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The effects of misleading media reports about COVID-19 on Chinese tourists’ mental health: a perspective article
AU  - Zheng, Yi
AU  - Goh, Edmund
AU  - Wen, Jun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Anatolia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/13032917.2020.1747208
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/13032917.2020.1747208 https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13032917.2020.1747208
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Italian COVID-19 outbreak: experiences and recommendations from clinical practice
AU  - Sorbello, M.
AU  - El-Boghdadly, K.
AU  - Di Giacinto, I.
AU  - Cataldo, R.
AU  - Esposito, C.
AU  - Falcetta, S.
AU  - Merli, G.
AU  - Cortese, G.
AU  - Corso, R. M.
AU  - Bressan, F.
AU  - Pintaudi, S.
AU  - Greif, R.
AU  - Donati, A.
AU  - Petrini, F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Novel coronavirus 2019 is a single-stranded, ribonucleic acid virus that has led to an international pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Clinical data from the Chinese outbreak have been reported, but experiences and recommendations from clinical practice during the Italian outbreak have not. We report the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on regional and national healthcare infrastructure. We also report on recommendations based on clinical experiences of managing patients throughout Italy. In particular, we describe key elements of clinical management, including safe oxygen therapy, airway management, personal protective equipment and non-technical aspects of caring for patients diagnosed with COVID-19. Only through planning, training and team working will clinicians and healthcare systems be best placed to deal with the many complex implications of this new pandemic.
JO  - Anaesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/anae.15049
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Practical considerations in the anaesthetic management of patients during a COVID-19 epidemic
AU  - Ong, S.
AU  - Tan, T. Khee
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We read with interest the excellent Association guidelines [1] for the anaesthetic management of patients during a COVID-19 outbreak. We concur with these guidelines, which are not dissimilar to our hospital's protocols since Singapore reported its first case of COVID-19 on 23 January 2020. To date, there have been 226 confirmed cases in Singapore with no deaths reported [2]. We are preparing for many more when community transmission becomes widespread and every patient presenting for surgery becomes a potential asymptomatic infected case. We would like to highlight additional anaesthetic considerations in this COVID-19 pandemic. Our discussion is limited to patients not known to be COVID infected.
JO  - Anaesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/anae.15053
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Videolaryngoscopy increases 'mouth-to-mouth' distance compared with direct laryngoscopy
AU  - Hall, D.
AU  - Steel, A.
AU  - Heij, R.
AU  - Eley, A.
AU  - Young, P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 outbreak has resulted in the consideration of videolaryngoscopy (VL) for tracheal intubation of patients during an outbreak [1,2]. Benefits of VL compared with a standard curved Macintosh (MAC) blade include postural advantages, improved view for the laryngoscopist and assistants, enhanced supervision and easier management of unanticipated difficult airways [3].
JO  - Anaesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/anae.15047
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Use of in situ simulation to evaluate the operational readiness of a high consequence infectious disease intensive care unit
AU  - Fregene, T. E.
AU  - Nadarajah, P.
AU  - Buckley, J. F.
AU  - Bigham, S.
AU  - Nangalia, V.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - On 30 January 2020, the World Health Organization declared that the outbreak of a coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) was a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. The WHO guidance states that patients with COVID-19 should be managed by staff wearing appropriate personal protective equipment; however, working whilst wearing personal protective equipment is unfamiliar to many healthcare professionals. We ran high-fidelity, in situ simulation of high-risk procedures on patients with COVID-19 in a negative-pressure side room on our intensive care unit. Our aim was to identify potential problems, to test the robustness of our systems and to inform modification of our standard operating procedures for any patients with COVID-19 admitted to our intensive care unit. The simulations revealed several important latent risks and allowed us to put corrective measures in place prior to the admission of patients with COVID-19. We recommend that staff working in clinical areas expected to receive patients with COVID-19 conduct in situ simulation in order to detect their own unique risks and aid in the creation of local guidelines of management of patients with COVID-19.
JO  - Anaesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/anae.15048
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Consensus guidelines for managing the airway in patients with COVID-19
AU  - Cook, T. M.
AU  - El-Boghdadly, K.
AU  - McGuire, B.
AU  - McNarry, A. F.
AU  - Patel, A.
AU  - Higgs, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Severe acute respiratory syndrome-corona virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is highly contagious. Airway management of patients with COVID-19 is high risk to staff and patients. We aimed to develop principles for airway management of patients with COVID-19 to encourage safe, accurate and swift performance. This consensus statement has been brought together at short notice to advise on airway management for patients with COVID-19, drawing on published literature and immediately available information from clinicians and experts. Recommendations on the prevention of contamination of healthcare workers, the choice of staff involved in airway management, the training required and the selection of equipment are discussed. The fundamental principles of airway management in these settings are described for: emergency tracheal intubation; predicted or unexpected difficult tracheal intubation; cardiac arrest; anaesthetic care; and tracheal extubation. We provide figures to support clinicians in safe airway management of patients with COVID-19. The advice in this document is designed to be adapted in line with local workplace policies.
JO  - Anaesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/anae.15054
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Strengthening China’s Public Health Response System: From SARS to COVID-19
AU  - Bouey, Jennifer
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Today, the world is experiencing a pandemic caused by a novel coronavirus. COVID-19 is the third disease from a coronavirus to cause a global outbreak, after severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), and the second that emerged from China. During the 17 years between the SARS and the COVID-19 outbreaks, China has quadrupled its share of the world economy, lifted hundreds of millions of people out of poverty, and established a national health insurance system covering 95% of its 1.4 billion people. Will China’s public heath response to a coronavirus epidemic be different this time? (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print March 26, 2020: e1–e2. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2020.305654)
JO  - American Journal of Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - e1-e2
SP  - e1
EP  - e2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2105/AJPH.2020.305654
UR  - https://apha-prod.literatumonline.com/doi/full/10.2105/AJPH.2020.305654
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in pregnancy: early lessons
AU  - Breslin, Noelle
AU  - Baptiste, Caitlin
AU  - Miller, Russell
AU  - Fuchs, Karin
AU  - Goffman, Dena
AU  - Gyamfi-Bannerman, Cynthia
AU  - D’Alton, Mary
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As the worldwide incidence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) rapidly increases, there remains limited information on COVID-19 in pregnancy. We present here our experience with an initial seven cases of confirmed COVID-19 in pregnancy presenting to a single large New York City tertiary care hospital. Five of the seven patients presented with symptoms of COVID-19, including cough, myalgias, fevers, chest pain, and headache. Four patients were admitted to the hospital, including two who required supportive care with intravenous hydration. Most notably, the other two admitted patients were asymptomatic on admission to the hospital, presenting instead for obstetrically-indicated labor inductions; both of these patients became symptomatic post-partum, each requiring intensive care unit admission.
JO  - American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology MFM
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 100111-100111
SP  - 100111
EP  - 100111
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajogmf.2020.100111
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589933320300410
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - NAATP members are still open, but organization is concerned
AU  - Knopf, Alison
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Treatment centers are small businesses, with payrolls to meet and rent to pay, like all small businesses. And even if they are protected in terms of not being required to shut down, they are losing patients as a result of COVID-19. Patients left against medical advice, Mark Dunn, director of public policy with the National Association of Addiction Treatment Providers (NAATP), told ADAW last week. New admissions have dwindled to nothing.
JO  - Alcoholism & Drug Abuse Weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 32
IS  - 13
PG  - 6-7
SP  - 6
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/adaw.32674
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/adaw.32674
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Addiction telemedicine comes into its own with COVID-19
AU  - Knopf, Alison
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Telepsychiatry, telemental health, telepsychology, teletherapy ? whatever you call it, it is now required in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic. ?We should be doing it immediately; the more, the better,? said Robert Caudill, M.D., a member of the American Psychiatric Association's Committee on Telepsychiatry. ?It's exploded in the past week, obviously,? he told ADAW in a Zoom interview on March 23. But he thinks it should be the norm.
JO  - Alcoholism & Drug Abuse Weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 32
IS  - 13
PG  - 5-6
SP  - 5
EP  - 6
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/adaw.32673
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/adaw.32673
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Alcohol and isolation: Experts comment on drinking behavior during COVID-19
AU  - Knopf, Alison
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Are people drinking more now that they are locked in a house with their nearest and dearest, facing job loss or having lost a job, bored and stressed? Probably. Is drinking a healthy way of coping? No.
JO  - Alcoholism & Drug Abuse Weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 32
IS  - 13
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/adaw.32670
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/adaw.32670
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Briefly Noted
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - By the time this issue of ADAW is published, the final figures will be out. At press time, some $400 million in a $2 trillion stimulus package designed to combat economic problems from the coronavirus pandemic is going to the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, according to Andrew Kessler, principal with Slingshot Solutions. Both the Senate and House versions allocated $400 million. The Senate bill proposed $425 million, while the House proposed $435 million. In both bills, $15 million goes to the Indian Health Service and $50 million to suicide prevention. In the Senate bill, $250 million is allocated to certified community behavioral health clinics (CCBHCs), while that number is $200 million in the House version. These clinics currently exist in only eight states, Kessler pointed out. The CCBHC money will allow states to apply for grants and put forth their own behavioral health priorities, said Kessler. Watch next week's issue for details.
JO  - Alcoholism & Drug Abuse Weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 32
IS  - 13
PG  - 8-8
SP  - 8
EP  - 8
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/adaw.32675
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/adaw.32675 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/adaw.32675
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - AJN On the Web Clinical and High-Resolution CT Features of the COVID-19 Infection: Comparison of the Initial and Follow-up Changes
AU  - Xiong, Ying
AU  - Sun, Dong
AU  - Liu, Yao
AU  - Fan, Yanqing
AU  - Zhao, Lingyun
AU  - Li, Xiaoming
AU  - Zhu, Wenzhen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objectives In late December, 2019, an outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China was caused by a novel coronavirus, newly named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We aimed to quantify severity of COVID-19 infection on High-Resolution CT and to determine its relationship with clinical parameters. Materials and Methods From Jan 11, 2020, to Feb 5, 2020, the clinical, laboratory and HRCT features of 42 patients (26-75 years, 25 males) with COVID-19 were analyzed. The initial and follow-up CT obtained a mean of 4.5 days and 11.6 days from the illness onset were retrospectively assessed for the severity and progression of pneumonia. Correlations among clinical parameters, initial CT features and progression of opacifications were evaluated with Spearman correlation and linear regression analysis. Results Thirty-five (83%) patients exhibited a progressive process according to CT features during the early stage from onset. Follow-up CT findings showed progressive opacifications, consolidation, interstitial thickening, fibrous strips and air bronchograms, compared to initial CT (all p<0.05). Before regular treatments, there was a moderate correlation between the days from onset and sum score of opacifications (R=0.68, p<0.01). The C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and lactate dehydrogenase showed significantly positive correlation with the severity of pneumonia assessed on initial CT (R range 0.36-0.75, p<0.05). The highest temperature and the severity of opacifications assessed on initial CT were significantly related to the progression of opacifications on follow-up CT (p=0.001-0.04). Conclusions Patients with the COVID-19 infection usually presented with typical ground-grass opacities and other CT features, which showed significant correlations with some clinical and laboratory measurements. Follow-up CT images often demonstrated progressions during the early stage from illness onset. Corresponding author: Xiaoming Li, MD, PhD, Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, 430030, Wuhan, China. lilyboston2002@ 163.com; Wenzhen Zhu, MD, PhD, Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, 430030, Wuhan, China. zhuwenzhen8612@163.com Ying Xiong and Dong Sun contributed equally and share the first authorship. This work was supported, in part, by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant numbers: 81730049, 81930045, 31630025 and 81601480). Copyright © 2020 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
JO  - AJN The American Journal of Nursing
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 120
IS  - 3
PG  - 13
SP  - 13
EP  - 
AN  - 00000446-202003000-00004
DO  - 10.1097/01.Naj.0000656264.72383.44 10.1097/rli.0000000000000674
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/ajnonline/Fulltext/2020/03000/AJN_On_the_Web.4.aspx https://journals.lww.com/investigativeradiology/Fulltext/publishahead/Clinical_and_High_Resolution_CT_Features_of_the.98830.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - As We Went to Press: COVID-19 Continues to Spread COVID-19: one threat, one world, one response (magical thinking)
AU  - Miró, Òscar
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Updates on the coronavirus.
JO  - AJN The American Journal of Nursing
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 120
IS  - 4
PG  - 15
SP  - 15
EP  - 
AN  - 00000446-202004000-00007
DO  - 10.1097/01.Naj.0000659956.26994.75 10.1097/mej.0000000000000707
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/ajnonline/Fulltext/2020/04000/As_We_Went_to_Press__COVID_19_Continues_to_Spread.7.aspx https://journals.lww.com/euro-emergencymed/Fulltext/publishahead/COVID_19__one_threat,_one_world,_one_response.99115.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Changes in infection control policies and advancing infection control advanced practice nurse education in the Republic of Korea
AU  - Choi, J. S.
AU  - Kim, K. M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - After the Middle East respiratory syndrome outbreak of 2015, the Korean government became the payer for infection control (IC) and prevention when hospitals developed IC offices and appointed IC doctors and IC advanced practice nurses. The goal was to enhance IC for all hospitalized patients to prevent the occurrence and spread of infection among them. Measures resulted in increased demand for IC personnel, especially IC advanced practice nurses. This study addressed changes in Korea's IC policies and their impact on the IC advanced practice nursing education program.
JO  - AJIC - American Journal of Infection Control
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 48
IS  - 2
PG  - 204-206
SP  - 204
EP  - 206
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Influenza immunization among Chinese seniors: Urgent calling for improving vaccination coverage, education, and research
AU  - Li, Xin
AU  - Leng, Sean X.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - AGING MEDICINE
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 3
IS  - 1
PG  - 12-15
SP  - 12
EP  - 15
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/agm2.12103
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/agm2.12103
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Radiotherapy care during a major outbreak of COVID-19 in Wuhan
AU  - Wu, Shen
AU  - Zheng, Dandan
AU  - Liu, Yongsheng
AU  - Hu, Desheng
AU  - Wei, Wei
AU  - Han, Guang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Advances in Radiation Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adro.2020.03.004
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452109420300555
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Impact of COVID-19 on Radiation Oncology Clinics and Cancer Patients in the U.S
AU  - Rivera, Amanda
AU  - Ohri, Nitin
AU  - Thomas, Evan
AU  - Miller, Robert
AU  - Knoll, Miriam A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Advances in Radiation Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adro.2020.03.006
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452109420300579
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Radiation Therapy in King County, Washington During The COVID-19 Pandemic: Balancing Patient Care, Transmission Mitigation and Resident Training
AU  - Dinh, Tru-Khang T.
AU  - Halasz, Lia M.
AU  - Ford, Eric
AU  - Rengan, Ramesh
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Advances in Radiation Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.adro.2020.03.007
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452109420300580 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2452109420300580
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2: What do we know so far?
AU  - Khedkar, Pratik Hemant
AU  - Patzak, Andreas
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We are living in times where a viral disease has brought normal life in much of the world to a halt. Named after its causative agent, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by a novel coronavirus recently renamed as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). COVID-19 manifests as dry cough, frequent fevers and in severe cases pneumonia. Older patients and patients with underlying comorbidities are at a higher risk of death. We are living in times where a viral disease has brought normal life in much of the world to a halt. Named after its causative agent, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by a novel coronavirus recently renamed as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). COVID-19 manifests as dry cough, frequent fevers and in severe cases pneumonia.
JO  - Acta physiologica (Oxford, England)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - e13470-e13470
SP  - e13470
EP  - e13470
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/apha.13470
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Neurosurgery during the COVID-19 pandemic: update from Lombardy, northern Italy
AU  - Zoia, Cesare
AU  - Bongetta, Daniele
AU  - Veiceschi, Pierlorenzo
AU  - Cenzato, Marco
AU  - Di Meco, Francesco
AU  - Locatelli, Davide
AU  - Boeris, Davide
AU  - Fontanella, Marco M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Acta Neurochirurgica
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00701-020-04305-w
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00701-020-04305-w
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Identification of viral etiology of acute respiratory tract infections in children and adults in Tabanan, Bali, Indonesia
AU  - Widhidewi, Ni Wayan
AU  - Wiyatno, Ageng
AU  - Dewantari, Aghnianditya Kresno
AU  - Paramasatiari, Lila
AU  - Aryastuti, Sri Agung
AU  - Artika, I. Nengah
AU  - Setiawan, Wayan Doddy
AU  - Soebandrio, Amin
AU  - Aye Myint, Khin Saw
AU  - safari, Dodi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Acute respiratory tract infection (ARTI) is the most common infectious disease in humans worldwide. The morbidity and mortality rates are high, especially in developing countries from Southeast Asia and Africa. While ARTI is commonly associated with viruses, there is limited data on the spectrum of viruses causing ARTI in developing countries, including Indonesia. This study was based on utilizing molecular techniques targeting a panel of 11 endemic and emerging respiratory viral pathogens including zoonotic viruses in a cohort of children and adults presenting at Tabanan General Hospital, Bali, with acute respiratory illness, from January to November 2017. In total, 98 out of 200 samples (49.0 %) tested positive for viruses. Our study confirmed 64.3 % viral etiology in children and 12.2 % in adults. Viruses that were detected were Herpesviridae (15.0 %) followed by enteroviruses (12.0 %), influenza A virus (11.5 %), respiratory syncytial virus (8.0 %), Adenoviridae (6.5 %), human metapneumovirus (3.5 %), Paramyxoviridae (2.0 %), bocavirus (1.0 %) and Coronaviridae (0.5 %). The study sheds light on the viral spectrum of ARTI in children and adults in Tabanan, Bali, Indonesia
JO  - Access Microbiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - acmi000120-acmi000120
SP  - acmi000120
EP  - acmi000120
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1099/acmi.0.000120
UR  - https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/acmi/10.1099/acmi.0.000120
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 
AU  - Sivertsen Ø, S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Tidsskrift for den Norske laegeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny raekke
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 140
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4045/tidsskr.20.0217
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L631288764 http://dx.doi.org/10.4045/tidsskr.20.0217
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Infectious Diseases and Football – Lessons not only from COVID-19
AU  - Duarte Muñoz, Monica
AU  - Meyer, Tim
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Science and Medicine in Football
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 24733938.2020.1749422-24733938.2020.1749422
SP  - 24733938.2020.1749422
EP  - 24733938.2020.1749422
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/24733938.2020.1749422
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/24733938.2020.1749422 https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/24733938.2020.1749422
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Science Education in the Era of a Pandemic
AU  - Erduran, Sibel
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Science & Education
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11191-020-00122-w
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11191-020-00122-w
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Iran confronts coronavirus amid a ‘battle between science and conspiracy theories’
AU  - Stone, Richard
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - When Mehdi Variji fell ill with COVID-19 in early March, he holed up in his apartment in Tehran to ride it out. The comforts of home didn’t seem to help. As he grew short of breath and oxygen levels in his blood ebbed, Variji, a 43-year-old physician who ran Tehran’s 21st District Clinic, knew he faced a bleak prognosis. “I’m taking three medicines, but they are not working on me,” he said in a cellphone video he shot a few days before his death. A somber cell-phone video shot on 20 March shows four gowned and masked workers preparing his grave in the courtyard of a shrine in his hometown, Sari. His wife and children stayed away because of the infection risk. It was just after midnight on Nowruz, the first day of the Persian new year and normally the beginning of a joyous festival.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb9389
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/03/iran-confronts-coronavirus-amid-battle-between-science-and-conspiracy-theories
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Would everyone wearing face masks help us slow the pandemic?
AU  - Servick, Kelly
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ballooned last month, people in Europe and North America scrambled to get their hands on surgical masks to protect themselves. Health officials jumped in to discourage them, worried about the limited supply of masks for health care personnel. “Seriously people-STOP BUYING MASKS!” began a 29 February tweet from U.S. Surgeon General Jerome Adams. The World Health Organization and U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) have both said that only people with COVID-19 symptoms and those caring for them should wear masks. But some health experts, including the director of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, think that’s a mistake. Health authorities in parts of Asia have encouraged all citizens to wear masks in public to prevent the spread of the virus, regardless of whether they have symptoms. And the Czech Republic took the uncommon step last week of making nose and mouth coverings mandatory in public spaces, prompting a grassroots drive to hand make masks.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb9371
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/03/would-everyone-wearing-face-masks-help-us-slow-pandemic
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Can China return to normalcy while keeping the coronavirus in check?
AU  - Normile, Dennis
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Life is almost back to normal in much of China. Shops, restaurants, bars, and offices are open for business. Manufacturing activity is picking up. Traffic once again jams the highways of major cities. Three quarters of China's workforce was back on the job as of 24 March, according to one company’s estimate. Wuhan, where the COVID-19 pandemic originated, is lagging, as is the rest of Hubei province—but even there, the lockdown is due to lift 8 April. China has done what few believed was possible: bring a blazing epidemic of a respiratory virus to a virtual standstill. On 18 March, the country reported zero locally transmitted cases of COVID-19 for the first time. Since then, only 6 of such infections have been reported, only one of them in Wuhan. Now, the key question is: Can China keep it that way?
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb9384
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/03/can-china-return-normalcy-while-keeping-coronavirus-check#
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How sick will the coronavirus make you? The answer may be in your genes
AU  - Kaiser, Jocelyn
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19, caused by the new pandemic coronavirus, is strangely—and tragically—selective. Only some infected people get sick, and although most of the critically ill are elderly or have complicating problems such as heart disease, some killed by the disease are previously healthy and even relatively young. Researchers are now gearing up to scour the patients’ genomes for DNA variations that explain this mystery. The findings could be used to identify those most at risk of serious illness and those who might be protected, and they might also guide the search for new treatments.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb9192
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/03/how-sick-will-coronavirus-make-you-answer-may-be-your-genes
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Not wearing masks to protect against coronavirus is a ‘big mistake,’ top Chinese scientist says
AU  - Cohen, Jon
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Chinese scientists at the front of that country’s outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have not been particularly accessible to foreign media. Many have been overwhelmed trying to understand their epidemic and combat it, and responding to media requests, especially from journalists outside of China, has not been a top priority. Science has tried to interview George Gao, director-general of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), for 2 months. Last week he responded.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb9368
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/03/not-wearing-masks-protect-against-coronavirus-big-mistake-top-chinese-scientist-says
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Prevention and control of SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) coronavirus infection in hemodialysis units]
AU  - Vega-Vega, Olynka
AU  - Arvizu-Hernández, Mauricio
AU  - Domínguez-Cherit, José Guillermo
AU  - Sierra-Madero, Juan
AU  - Correa-Rotter, Ricardo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is of hich risk for patients on chronic hemodialysis due to their immunosuppressed state, advanced age, and the coexistence of significant comorbidities, in particular cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, and others. Additionally, they constitute a closed conglomerate since they come to treatment regularly, spending hours in the treatment places, exposed to a possible acquisition of the infection. Finally, going to their treatment regularly prevents them from remaining in home isolation and with potential exposure. These recommendations summarize the interventions proposed by three international organizations and add some suggested by national experts, with the aim to early identify the patients and health personnel at risk and reducing the risk of infection.
JO  - Salud publica de Mexico
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.21149/11330
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - CT morphology of COVID-19: Case report and review of literature
AU  - Hamer, Okka Wilkea
AU  - Salzberger, Bernd
AU  - Gebauer, Johannes
AU  - Stroszczynski, Christian
AU  - Pfeifer, Michael
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - RoFo : Fortschritte auf dem Gebiete der Rontgenstrahlen und der Nuklearmedizin
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1055/a-1142-4094
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - RoFo : Fortschritte auf dem Gebiete der Rontgenstrahlen und der Nuklearmedizin
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 192
IS  - 4
PG  - 355
SP  - 355
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1055/a-1112-8430
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L631282642 http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1112-8430
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19, rheumatic diseases and immunosuppressive drugs: an appeal for medication adherence
AU  - Venerito, Vincenzo
AU  - Lopalco, Giuseppe
AU  - Iannone, Florenzo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Rheumatology International 2020
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/S00296-020-04566-9
UR  - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00296-020-04566-9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Arthralgia as an initial presentation of COVID-19: observation
AU  - Joob, Beuy
AU  - Wiwanitkit, Viroj
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Rheumatology International
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-1
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00296-020-04561-0
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00296-020-04561-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Considering the challenge of the Covid-19 pandemic, is there a need to adapt the guidelines for basic life support resuscitation?
AU  - Savary, Dominique
AU  - Morin, François
AU  - Fadel, Marc
AU  - Metton, Pierre
AU  - Richard, J. F.
AU  - Descatha, Alexis
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Resuscitation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2020.03.010
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0300957220301210 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0300957220301210
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Analysis of clinical characteristics and laboratory findings of 95 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a retrospective analysis
AU  - Zhang, Gemin
AU  - Zhang, Jie
AU  - Wang, Bowen
AU  - Zhu, Xionglin
AU  - Wang, Qiang
AU  - Qiu, Shiming
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia emerged in Wuhan city and rapidly spread throughout China and even the world. We sought to analyse the clinical characteristics and laboratory findings of some cases with 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia . In this retrospective study, we extracted the data on 95 patients with laboratory-confirmed 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan Xinzhou District People’s Hospital from January 16th to February 25th, 2020. Cases were confirmed by real-time RT-PCR and abnormal radiologic findings. Outcomes were followed up until March 2th, 2020. Higher temperature, blood leukocyte count, neutrophil count, neutrophil percentage, C-reactive protein level, D-dimer level, alanine aminotransferase activity, aspartate aminotransferase activity, α - hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase activity, lactate dehydrogenase activity and creatine kinase activity were related to severe 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia and composite endpoint, and so were lower lymphocyte count, lymphocyte percentage and total protein level. Age below 40 or above 60 years old, male, higher Creatinine level, and lower platelet count also seemed related to severe 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia and composite endpoint, however the P values were greater than 0.05, which mean under the same condition studies of larger samples are needed in the future. Multiple factors were related to severe 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia and composite endpoint, and more related studies are needed in the future.
JO  - Respiratory Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 21
IS  - 1
PG  - 74-74
SP  - 74
EP  - 74
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s12931-020-01338-8
UR  - https://respiratory-research.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12931-020-01338-8
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How should we implement radiotherapy for cancer patients in China during the endemic period of COVID-19?
AU  - Wei, Wei
AU  - Jiang, Hao
AU  - Chen, Weipeng
AU  - Zhou, Yuling
AU  - Guo, Shuanshuan
AU  - Zhong, Guihua
AU  - Zhou, Huaili
AU  - Wang, Siyang
AU  - Zhang, Hongyu
AU  - Jiang, Wen
AU  - Liu, Zhi-gang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Radiotherapy and Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.radonc.2020.03.016
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016781402030147X https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S016781402030147X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Impact of COVID-19 on Radiology Trainees
AU  - Alvin, Matthew D.
AU  - George, Elizabeth
AU  - Deng, Francis
AU  - Warhadpande, Shantanu
AU  - Lee, Susanna I.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 201222-201222
SP  - 201222
EP  - 201222
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1148/radiol.2020201222
UR  - http://pubs.rsna.org/doi/10.1148/radiol.2020201222
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Are certain drugs associated with enhanced mortality in COVID-19?
AU  - Goldstein, Mark R.
AU  - Poland, Gregory A.
AU  - Graeber, Charles W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - QJM: An International Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/qjmed/hcaa103
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/qjmed/advance-article/doi/10.1093/qjmed/hcaa103/5812790
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Remote Treatment Delivery in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Wright, Jesse H.
AU  - Caudill, Robert
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1159/000507376
UR  - https://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/507376
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Posttraumatic stress symptoms and attitude toward crisis mental health services among clinically stable patients with COVID-19 in China
AU  - Bo, Hai-Xin
AU  - Li, Wen
AU  - Yang, Yuan
AU  - Wang, Yu
AU  - Zhang, Qinge
AU  - Cheung, Teris
AU  - Wu, Xinjuan
AU  - Xiang, Yu-Tao
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Psychological Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-7
SP  - 1
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/S0033291720000999
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/posttraumatic-stress-symptoms-and-attitude-toward-crisis-mental-health-services-among-clinically-stable-patients-with-covid19-in-china/32D66826C54EB1A96C008089C0DE500E
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Structural and biochemical characterization of SADS-CoV Papain Like protease 2
AU  - Wang, Lu
AU  - Hu, Weihua
AU  - Fan, Chengpeng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus (SADS-CoV) is a novel coronavirus that is involved in severe diarrhea disease in piglets, causing considerable agricultural and economic loss in China. The emergence of this new coronavirus increases the importance of understanding SADS-CoV as well as antivirals. Coronaviral proteases, including main proteases and papain-like proteases (PLP), are attractive antiviral targets because of their essential roles in polyprotein processing and thus virus maturation. Here, we describe the biochemical and structural identification of recombinant SADS papain-like protease 2 (PLP2) domain of nsp3. The SADS-CoV PLP2 was shown to cleave nsp1 proteins and also peptides mimicking the nsp2|nsp3 cleavage site and also had deubiquitinating and deISGynating activity by in vitro assay. The crystal structure adopts an architecture resembling that of PLPs from other coronaviruses. We characterize both conserved and unique structural features likely directing the interaction of PLP2 with the substrates, also including the tentative mapping of active site and other essential residues. These results provide a foundation for understanding the molecular basis of coronaviral PLPs's catalytic mechanism and for the screening and design of therapeutics to combat infection by SADS coronavirus. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Protein Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/pro.3857
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/pro.3857
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 positive test result from private hospital laboratory, neglecting on reporting and problem on national infection control
AU  - Sriwijiatalai, Won
AU  - Wiwanitkit, Viroj
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/ice.2020.93
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/covid19-positive-test-result-from-private-hospital-laboratory-neglecting-on-reporting-and-problem-on-national-infection-control/BFE6577C01AF8DF008B742488140564C
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Unprecedented Solutions for Extraordinary Times: Helping Long-Term Care Settings Deal with the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Gaur, Swati
AU  - Dumyati, Ghinwa
AU  - Nace, David A.
AU  - Jump, Robin L. P.
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-8
SP  - 1
EP  - 8
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/ice.2020.98
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/unprecedented-solutions-for-extraordinary-times-helping-longterm-care-settings-deal-with-the-covid19-pandemic/8947958D98AA154B70A52CC3CD1129B8
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Biotech Plays Critical Role in Protecting Against Coronavirus Outbreak
AU  - Batchelor, Stephanie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Industrial Biotechnology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - ind.2020.29207.sba-ind.2020.29207.sba
SP  - ind.2020.29207.sba
EP  - ind.2020.29207.sba
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1089/ind.2020.29207.sba
UR  - https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/ind.2020.29207.sba
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Therapeutic opportunities to manage COVID-19/SARS-CoV-2 infection: Present and future
AU  - Shetty, Rohit
AU  - Ghosh, Arkasubhra
AU  - Honavar, Santosh G.
AU  - Khamar, Pooja
AU  - Sethu, Swaminathan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A severe form of respiratory disease - COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection, has evolved into a pandemic resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. The unabated spread of the disease is due to lack of vaccine and effective therapeutic agents against this novel virus. Hence, the situation demands an immediate need to explore all the plausible therapeutic and prophylactic strategies that can be made available to stem the spread of the disease. Towards this effort, the current review outlines the key aspects of the pathobiology associated with the morbidity and mortality in COVID-19 patients, which includes a viral response phase and an exaggerated host response phase. The review also summarizes therapeutic agents that are currently being explored along with those with potential for consideration. The broad groups of therapeutic agents discussed include those that: (i) block viral entry to host cells, (ii) block viral replication and survival in host cells, and (iii) dampen exaggerated host immune response. The various kinds of pharmaceutical prophylactic options that may be followed to prevent COVID-19 have also been discussed.
JO  - Indian journal of ophthalmology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4103/ijo.IJO_639_20
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Controversies about COVID-19 and anticancer treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors
AU  - Bersanelli, Melissa
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Immunotherapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - imt-2020-0067
SP  - imt
EP  - 2020
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2217/imt-2020-0067
UR  - https://www.futuremedicine.com/doi/10.2217/imt-2020-0067
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Perioperative Presentation of COVID-19 Disease in a Liver Transplant Recipient
AU  - Qin, Juanjuan
AU  - Wang, Haitao
AU  - Qin, Xuan
AU  - Zhang, Peng
AU  - Zhu, Lihua
AU  - Cai, Jingjing
AU  - Yuan, Yufeng
AU  - Li, Hongliang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is highly contagious. It may rapidly progress to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and result in multiorgan dysfunction or death in some cases.((1,2)) Here, we report the case of a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who underwent liver transplantation and experienced COVID-19 infection during the perioperative period. This case may help clinicians by alerting them to potential COVID-19 infection in transplant recipients during the outbreak.
JO  - Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/hep.31257
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Responding to COVID-19: How to Navigate a Public Health Emergency Legally and Ethically
AU  - Gostin, Lawrence O.
AU  - Friedman, Eric A.
AU  - Wetter, Sarah A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Few novel or emerging infectious diseases have posed such vital ethical challenges so quickly and dramatically as the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. The World Health Organization declared a public health emergency of international concern and recently classified COVID-19 as a worldwide pandemic. As of this writing, the epidemic has not yet peaked in the United States, but community transmission is widespread. President Trump declared a national emergency as fifty governors declared state emergencies. In the coming weeks, hospitals will become overrun, stretched to their capacities. When the health system becomes stretched beyond capacity, how can we ethically allocate scarce health goods and services? How can we ensure that marginalized populations can access the care they need? What ethical duties do we owe to vulnerable people separated from their families and communities? And how do we ethically and legally balance public health with civil liberties?
JO  - Hastings Center Report
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/hast.1090
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/hast.1090
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Does hand hygiene reduce SARS-CoV-2 transmission?
AU  - Yang, Chao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00417-020-04652-5
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00417-020-04652-5
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Reply to “Does hand hygiene reduce SARS-CoV-2 transmission?”
AU  - Lai, Tracy H. T.
AU  - Tang, Emily W. H.
AU  - Fung, Kitty S. C.
AU  - Li, Kenneth K. W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-1
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00417-020-04653-4
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00417-020-04653-4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Separated pathways in the endoscopy unit for COVID-19 patients
AU  - Valdivia, Pablo Cortegoso
AU  - le Grazie, Marco
AU  - Gaiani, Federica
AU  - Decembrino, Francesco
AU  - Luigi de’Angelis, Gian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gie.2020.03.3841
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016510720341195
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in Endoscopy: Time to do more?
AU  - Thompson, Christopher C.
AU  - Shen, Lin
AU  - Lee, Linda S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.gie.2020.03.3848
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016510720341262 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0016510720341262
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Considerations in performing endoscopy during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Soetikno, Roy
AU  - Teoh, Anthony Y. B.
AU  - Kaltenbach, Tonya
AU  - Lau, James Y. W.
AU  - Asokkumar, Ravishankar
AU  - Cabral-Prodigalidad, Patricia
AU  - Shergill, Amandeep
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.gie.2020.03.3758
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016510720340335 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0016510720340335
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Multi-omics Evaluation of Gastrointestinal and Other Clinical Characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19
AU  - Du, Mulong
AU  - Cai, Guoshuai
AU  - Chen, Feng
AU  - Christiani, David C.
AU  - Zhang, Zhengdong
AU  - Wang, Meilin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Gastroenterology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2020.03.045
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016508520303991
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - $100M in Dislocated Worker grants available
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Federal Grants & Contracts
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 44
IS  - 9
PG  - 1-1
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/fgc.30985
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/fgc.30985
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How could artificial intelligence aid in the fight against coronavirus?
AU  - Yassine, Hadi M.
AU  - Shah, Zubair
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-5
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/14787210.2020.1744275
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/14787210.2020.1744275 https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14787210.2020.1744275
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical and CT features of early-stage patients with COVID-19: a retrospective analysis of imported cases in Shanghai, China
AU  - Yang, Shuyi
AU  - Shi, Yuxin
AU  - Lu, Hongzhou
AU  - Xu, Jianqing
AU  - Li, Feng
AU  - Qian, Zhiping
AU  - Hua, Xinyan
AU  - Ding, Xueting
AU  - Song, Fengxiang
AU  - Shen, Jie
AU  - Lu, Yang
AU  - Shan, Fei
AU  - Zhang, Zhiyong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The European respiratory journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1183/13993003.00407-2020
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32217649
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Comorbidity and its impact on 1590 patients with Covid-19 in China: A Nationwide Analysis
AU  - Guan, Wei-Jie
AU  - Liang, Wen-Hua
AU  - Zhao, Yi
AU  - Liang, Heng-Rui
AU  - Chen, Zi-Sheng
AU  - Li, Yi-Min
AU  - Liu, Xiao-Qing
AU  - Chen, Ru-Chong
AU  - Tang, Chun-Li
AU  - Wang, Tao
AU  - Ou, Chun-Quan
AU  - Li, Li
AU  - Chen, Ping-Yan
AU  - Sang, Ling
AU  - Wang, Wei
AU  - Li, Jian-Fu
AU  - Li, Cai-Chen
AU  - Ou, Li-Min
AU  - Cheng, Bo
AU  - Xiong, Shan
AU  - Ni, Zheng-Yi
AU  - Xiang, Jie
AU  - Hu, Yu
AU  - Liu, Lei
AU  - Shan, Hong
AU  - Lei, Chun-Liang
AU  - Peng, Yi-Xiang
AU  - Wei, Li
AU  - Liu, Yong
AU  - Hu, Ya-Hua
AU  - Peng, Peng
AU  - Wang, Jian-Ming
AU  - Liu, Ji-Yang
AU  - Chen, Zhong
AU  - Li, Gang
AU  - Zheng, Zhi-Jian
AU  - Qiu, Shao-Qin
AU  - Luo, Jie
AU  - Ye, Chang-Jiang
AU  - Zhu, Shao-Yong
AU  - Cheng, Lin-Ling
AU  - Ye, Feng
AU  - Li, Shi-Yue
AU  - Zheng, Jin-Ping
AU  - Zhang, Nuo-Fu
AU  - Zhong, Nan-Shan
AU  - He, Jian-Xing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) outbreak is evolving rapidly worldwide. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the risk of serious adverse outcomes in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) by stratifying the comorbidity status. METHODS: We analysed the data from 1590 laboratory-confirmed hospitalised patients 575 hospitals in 31 province/autonomous regions/provincial municipalities across mainland China between December 11(th), 2019 and January 31(st), 2020. We analyse the composite endpoints, which consisted of admission to intensive care unit, or invasive ventilation, or death. The risk of reaching to the composite endpoints was compared according to the presence and number of comorbidities. RESULTS: The mean age was 48.9 years. 686 patients (42.7%) were females. Severe cases accounted for 16.0% of the study population. 131 (8.2%) patients reached to the composite endpoints. 399 (25.1%) reported having at least one comorbidity. The most prevalent comorbidity was hypertension (16.9%), followed by diabetes (8.2%). 130 (8.2%) patients reported having two or more comorbidities. After adjusting for age and smoking status, COPD [hazards ratio (HR) 2.681, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) 1.424-5.048], diabetes (HR 1.59, 95%CI 1.03-2.45), hypertension (HR 1.58, 95%CI 1.07-2.32) and malignancy (HR 3.50, 95%CI 1.60-7.64) were risk factors of reaching to the composite endpoints. The HR was 1.79 (95%CI 1.16-2.77) among patients with at least one comorbidity and 2.59 (95%CI 1.61-4.17) among patients with two or more comorbidities. CONCLUSION: Among laboratory-confirmed cases of Covid-19, patients with any comorbidity yielded poorer clinical outcomes than those without. A greater number of comorbidities also correlated with poorer clinical outcomes.
JO  - The European respiratory journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1183/13993003.00547-2020
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Strategies for the prevention and management of coronavirus disease 2019
AU  - Guan, Wei-Jie
AU  - Chen, Rong-Chang
AU  - Zhong, Nan-Shan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Respiratory Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 2000597-2000597
SP  - 2000597
EP  - 2000597
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1183/13993003.00597-2020
UR  - http://erj.ersjournals.com/lookup/doi/10.1183/13993003.00597-2020
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Urgent need of a management plan for survivors of COVID-19
AU  - Celli, Bartolome
AU  - Fabbri, Leonardo M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Respiratory Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 2000764-2000764
SP  - 2000764
EP  - 2000764
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1183/13993003.00764-2020
UR  - http://erj.ersjournals.com/lookup/doi/10.1183/13993003.00764-2020
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel coronavirus and central nervous system
AU  - Sun, Tong
AU  - Guan, Junwen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract An outbreak of a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) that emerged in Wuhan has rapidly spread throughout China and has now become a global public health concern. As of the early March, a total of 100,000 cases have been confirmed in multiple countries. Clinical characteristics of 2019-nCoV that respiratory symptoms, such as cough, are the most common.[1] This is consistent with the finding that the majority of patients are virus-positive in nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs suggesting it mainly invades and infects the respiratory system, a hypothesis supported by pathological data.[2] In addition, it has been reported that patients? stool has tested positive for 2019-nCoV, indicating that the virus could spread from the respiratory tract to the digestive tract, or that individuals could be infected via the faecal-oral route. However, the neuroinvasive potential of 2019-nCoV remains poorly understood.
JO  - European Journal of Neurology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/ene.14227
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/ene.14227
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19, a UK perspective
AU  - Sriskandar, Joanna
AU  - Bloom, Benjamin
PY  - 9000
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Journal of Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Publish Ahead of Print
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00063110-900000000-99116
DO  - 10.1097/mej.0000000000000700
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/euro-emergencymed/Fulltext/publishahead/COVID_19,_a_UK_perspective.99116.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How emergency departments prepare for virus disease outbreaks like COVID-19
AU  - Möckel, Martin
AU  - Bachmann, Ulrike
AU  - Behringer, Wilhelm
AU  - Pfäfflin, Frieder
AU  - Stegemann, Miriam Songa
PY  - 9000
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Journal of Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Publish Ahead of Print
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00063110-900000000-99114
DO  - 10.1097/mej.0000000000000703
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/euro-emergencymed/Fulltext/publishahead/How_emergency_departments_prepare_for_virus.99114.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preventing bat-born viral outbreaks in future using ecological interventions
AU  - Nabi, Ghulam
AU  - Siddique, Rabeea
AU  - Ali, Ashaq
AU  - Khan, Suliman
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Environmental Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 109460-109460
SP  - 109460
EP  - 109460
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2020.109460
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0013935120303534
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Outbreak and Surgical Practice: Unexpected Fatality in Perioperative Period
AU  - Aminian, Ali
AU  - Safari, Saeed
AU  - Razeghian-Jahromi, Abdolali
AU  - Ghorbani, Mohammad
AU  - Delaney, Conor P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1097/SLA.0000000000003925
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - PCOMM
TI  - Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Update: PCR Testing and Shortages | Coronavirus (COVID19) | JN Learning | AMA Ed Hub
AU  - Hub, JAMA JN Learning | AMA Ed
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The lack of availability of COVID-19 testing has interfered with the ability to contain the spread of disease. Omai Garner, PhD, laboratory director for Clinical Microbiology in the UCLA health system, explains how PCR testing for COVID-19 works and why testing is in short supply.
JO  - 
PB  - JAMA
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://edhub.ama-assn.org/jn-learning/audio-player/18365648
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Perguntas e respostas: Q&amp;A-Coronavírus
AU  - Governo do Estado de São, Paulo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 20-20
SP  - 20
EP  - 20
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/nwcys
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Plano estadual de prevenção e controle do novo Coronavírus (2019- nCoV)
AU  - Espírito Santo . Secretaria da, Saúde
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://portalarquivos2.saude.gov.br/images/pdf/2020/fevereiro/13/PLANO-DE-CONTINGENCIA-novo-coronavirus-ESP--RITO-SANTO-EM-REVIS--O.pdf http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/jmza6
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Plano de contingência para epidemia da doença pelo Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) do Distrito Federal
AU  - Distrito Federal . Secretaria de Estado de, Saúde
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Em 31 de dezembro de 2019, a China comunicou à Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) sobre a ocorrência de um surto de doença respiratória aguda grave, na província de Hubei, com maior concentração de casos na capital Wuhan. Nas semanas seguintes, foram detectados casos em outras províncias da China, que concentrava aproximadamente 99% dos casos ocorridos em todo o mundo (até 12 de fevereiro de 2020). Outros países também foram afetados, com predominância da ocorrência de casos importados da China, embora há registro de transmissão autóctone em alguns países. A evolução da situação levou a OMS a declarar o evento como uma Emergência de Saúde Pública de Importância Internacional, em 30 de janeiro de 2020, conforme estabelece o Regulamento Sanitário Internacional (RSI 2005). O agente etiológico é um novo Coronavirus (COVID ­ 19; nome anterior - 2019- nCoV) 1 , que foi transmitido inicialmente a partir de contato ou consumo de animais silvestres na cidade de Wuhan, posteriormente com transmissão predominante por meio de contato de pessoa-a-pessoa em algumas localidades na China e outros países, como por exemplo na Alemanha. Com a confirmação de mais de 40.000 casos no início de fevereiro de 2020, as principais características dessa epidemia são: o período de incubação estimado por meio de 6 estudos publicados até este momento apresenta uma variação entre 0 a 24 dias 2,3,4,5,6,7, embora a OMS estime entre 1 a 12,5 dias (mediana 5-6) 8 ; a transmissibilidade, medida pelo número básico de transmissão (1,4 a 2,5)9 , é maior do que a registrada em epidemia anterior pelo Coronavírus (2002/2003); a taxa de letalidade é estimada em 2%1 é menor do que a registrada na epidemia anterior pelo Coronavírus (9,6%). Este documento tem o objetivo de sistematizar as ações e procedimentos no que diz respeito à resposta à epidemia pelo Coronavírus 2019 (COVID-19), a serem desenvolvidas pela Secretaria de Estado de Saúde do Distrito Federal (SES/DF). As ações propostas estão previstas para a fase atual da epidemia e a situação de risco do país em relação à potencial introdução e disseminação no território nacional. Nesse contexto, considerando a organização do Plano Nacional Contingência para Infecção Humana pelo Coronavírus 2019 (COVID ­ 19)10, em que as atividades previstas são elaboradas a partir de uma classificação de risco em três níveis de resposta (Alerta, Perigo Iminente e Emergência em Saúde Pública) e tendo em vista que o Ministério da Saúde (MS) declarou Emergência de Saúde Pública de Importância Nacional em 04 de fevereiro de 202011 , a organização das ações a serem desenvolvidas pela SES/DF já parte desse nível de resposta. Cabe destacar que no momento da elaboração do presente plano não havia sido detectado nenhum caso confirmado de infecção pelo Coronavírus no país. Assim, a eventual detecção e disseminação poderá implicar algumas mudanças neste Plano, de acordo com a evolução da situação epidemiológica. Este cenário deve ser monitorado periodicamente, tendo em vista o desenvolvimento de conhecimento científico e situação em evolução, para garantir que o nível de resposta seja adequado e as medidas correspondentes sejam adotadas.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://portalarquivos2.saude.gov.br/images/pdf/2020/fevereiro/13/Plano-de-Continge--ncia-Coronavirus10-DF.pdf http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/8xe9v
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Plano estadual de contingência para resposta às emergências em saúde pública: novo Coronavírus (2019-nCoV)
AU  - Ceará . Secretaria da, Saúde
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - O Novo Coronavírus foi identificado como a causa do surto de doença respiratória detectado pela primeira vez em Wuhan, China. No início, muitos dos pacientes do surto na China, teriam algum vínculo com um grande mercado de frutos do mar e animais, sugerindo a disseminação de animais para pessoas. No entanto, um número crescente de pacientes não teve exposição ao mercado de animais, indicando a ocorrência de disseminação de pessoa para pessoa. As infecções por coronavírus geralmente causam doenças respiratórias leves a moderadas, semelhantes a um resfriado comum, podendo evoluir ao óbito em alguns casos. Alguns coronavírus podem causar doenças graves com impacto importante em termos de saúde pública, como a Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave (SARS-CoV), identificada em 2002 e a Síndrome Respiratória do Oriente Médio (MERS-CoV), identificada em 20122. Os sintomas mais comuns dessas infecções podem incluir sintomas respiratórios (tosse, dificuldade para respirar, batimento das asas nasais, entre outros) e febre (a febre pode não estar presente em alguns pacientes, como crianças, idosos, imunossuprimidos ou que fizeram uso de medicamentos para diminuir a febre). Alguns casos de infecções pelo 2019-nCoV apresentam sintomas gastrointestinais. O 2019-nCoVse dissemina através de gotículas respiratórias quando os pacientes tossem, falam alto ou espirram. O contato próximo também é uma fonte de transmissão (por exemplo, contato com a conjuntiva da boca, nariz ou olhos através da mão contaminada). Ainda não foi estabelecido se a transmissão pode ocorrer através da mãe-bebê verticalmente ou através do leite materno. O período de incubação acredita-se serde até 14 dias após a exposição e a suscetibilidade geral, por se tratar deum vírus novo. Sobre a imunidade não se sabe se a infecção em humanos que não evoluíram para o óbito irá gerar imunidade contra novas infecções e se essa imunidade é duradoura por toda a vida4. Oque sabemos é que a projeção em relação aos números de casos está intimamente ligada à transmissibilidade e suscetibilidade. Ainda não existe vacina para prevenir a infecção por 2019-nCoV. s medidas de prevenção e controle de infecção pelo 2019-nCoV devem ser implementadas pelos profissionais que atuam nos serviços de saúde para evitar ou reduzir ao máximo a transmissão de microrganismos durante qualquer assistência à saúde realizada. Essas orientações são baseadas nas informações atualmente disponíveis sobre o 2019-nCoV e podem ser refinadas e atualizadas à medida que mais informações estiverem disponíveis, já que se trata de um microrganismo novo no mundo e, portanto, com poucas evidências sobre ele. Este documento tem o objetivo de sistematizar as ações e procedimentos de responsabilidade da esfera estadual, de modo a apoiar em caráter complementar os gestores das unidades estaduais e municipais no que diz respeito à preparação de uma possível pandemia causada pelo 2019-nCoV, de maneira antecipada e também na organização de fluxos para o enfrentamento de situações que saem da normalidade.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.saude.gov.br/images/pdf/2020/fevereiro/13/PLANO-DE-CONTINGENCIA-novo-coronavirus-CEAR---EM-REVIS--O.pdf http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/gtfgk
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Plano estadual de contingências para enfrentamento do novo Coronavírus - 2019-n CoV
AU  - Bahia . Secretaria da, Saúde
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.saude.gov.br/images/pdf/2020/fevereiro/13/PLANO-DE-CONTINGENCIA-novo-coronavirus-BAHIA-EM-REVIS--O.pdf http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/vxfep
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Plano de contingência estadual para o infecção humana pelo SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)
AU  - Amazonas . Secretaria da, Saúde
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - O presente Plano de Contingência Estadual do Amazonas para Infecção Humana pelo novo Coronavírus (COVID-19), em caso de surto, apresenta a definição de níveis de resposta e a estrutura de comando correspondente a ser desenvolvida.Em 29 de dezembro de 2019, um hospital em Wuhan admitiu quatro pessoas com pneumonia e reconheceu que as quatro haviam trabalhado no Mercado Atacadista de Frutos do Mar de Huanan, que vende aves vivas, produtos aquáticos e vários tipos de animais selvagens ao público. O hospital relatou essa ocorrência ao Centro de Controle de Doenças (CDC-China) e os epidemiologistas decampodaChina(FETP-China)encontraramcasosadicionaisvinculados também ao mercado e, em 30 de dezembro, as autoridades de saúde da província de Hubei notificaram esse cluster ao CDC da China.No Estado do Amazonas, em decorrência do risco internacional e nacional desse surto, foram iniciadas séries de ações a partir do Comitê de Monitoramento de Emergência da Fundação de Vigilância em Saúde do Amazonas (FVS-AM), que culminou com a ativação no dia 29 de janeiro de 2020 do Centro de Operações de Emergência em Saúde Pública (COES-COVID-19), coordenado pela FVS-AM e com participação das Secretarias de Saúde Estadual e Municipais, além das demais instituições afins, com o objetivo de nortear a atuação coordenada no âmbito do SUS, na resposta à possível emergência de saúde pública.Neste Plano de Contingência, o Estado do Amazonas adota ferramentas de classificação de emergência em três níveis, seguindo a mesma linha utilizada pela Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde do MS do Brasil, no que diz respeito a preparação e resposta em todo o Estado, sendo proporcional e restrita aos riscos vigentes no país. As ações coordenadas pelo Estado contemplam áreas de atuações necessárias, que sustentam a contenção e mitigação do surto no Amazonas.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.saude.gov.br/images/pdf/2020/marco/11/PLANO-CORONAVIRUS-Amazonas.pdf http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/cqf3t
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Plano de contingência para o novo coronavírus (2019-nCOV) do estado do Amapá
AU  - Amapá . Secretaria da, Saúde
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://portalarquivos2.saude.gov.br/images/pdf/2020/marco/04/Plano-de-CONTING--NCIA-2019-nCOV--AP-ENVIADO-AO-MS.pdf http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/zhemp
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Expert consensus on the management strategy of patients with hereditary ataxia during prevention and control of novel coronavirus pneumonia epidemic]
AU  - Specialized Committee Of Neurogenetics Neurophysician Branch Of Chinese Medical Doctor, Association
AU  - Jiang, H.
AU  - Tang, B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, a series of highly infectious cases of unexplained pneumonia have been discovered in Wuhan, Hubei Province, which have been confirmed as '2019 corona virus disease' caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). SARS-CoV-2 virus can invade many human systems including the lungs. Patients with central nervous system involvement may show a series of neurological symptoms, which is easy to be misdiagnosed and neglected, thereby increasing the risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Hereditary ataxia is a large group of neurodegenerative diseases with great clinical and genetic heterogeneity and high mortality and disability. In view of the seriousness of the COVID-19 epidemic, a series of prevention and control measures adopted by the government have restricted the follow-up, diagnosis and treatment of patients by the hospitals, which has a great impact on their mental and physical health. In order to standardize the management of patients during the prevention and control of COVID-19 epidemic, the Specialized Committee of Neurogenetics of the Neurophysician Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association has formulated this consensus, with an aim to help patients to overcome the difficulties and pass the epidemic prevention period safely.
JO  - Zhonghua yi xue yi chuan xue za zhi = Zhonghua yixue yichuanxue zazhi = Chinese journal of medical genetics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 37
IS  - 4
PG  - 359-366
SP  - 359
EP  - 366
AN  - 32219814
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1003-9406.2020.04.001
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Business cycle highlight: Coronavirus keeps the global economy in suspense]
AU  - Gern, K. J.
AU  - Hauber, P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Wirtschaftsdienst (Hamburg, Germany : 1949)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 100
IS  - 3
PG  - 223-224
SP  - 223
EP  - 224
AN  - 32214514
DO  - 10.1007/s10273-020-2607-5
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Biological Product Development Strategies for Prevention and Treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019]
AU  - Yan, C. X.
AU  - Li, J.
AU  - Shen, X.
AU  - Luo, L.
AU  - Li, Y.
AU  - Li, M. Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the novel coronavirus, also known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2), has become a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. Due to the large infection population, broad transmissibility and high mortality, it is urgent to find out the efficient and specific methods to prevent and treat COVID-19. As biological products have broadly applied in the prevention and treatment of severe epidemic diseases, they are promising in blocking novel coronavirus infection. According to the research advances of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), we reviewed the potential application of biological products such as interferon, convalescent plasma, intestinal micro-ecological regulators, vaccines and therapeutic antibodies, etc. , on prevention and treatment of COVID-19. May this review be helpful for conquering COVID-19 in the near future.
JO  - Sichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 51
IS  - 2
PG  - 139-145
SP  - 139
EP  - 145
AN  - 32220178
DO  - 10.12182/20200360506
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Oral Health Management of Children during the Epidemic Period of Coronavirus Disease 2019]
AU  - Wang, Y.
AU  - Zhou, C. C.
AU  - Shu, R.
AU  - Zou, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is becoming a major public health event affecting China and even the whole world. During the epidemic period of corona virus disease, appropriate oral health management and disease prevention of children is very important for children's oral and general health. In order to prevent the occurrence of cross-infection and epidemic spreading of COVID-19 during dental practice, the recommendations to parents include: not only training children to maintain hand hygiene at home, exercise appropriately, strengthen physical resistance, but also helping children develop good oral and diet habit such as effective brushing and flossing to avoid oral diseases and emergency. If non-emergency oral situation occur, parents could assist their child to take home based care such as rinsing to relieve the symptoms. When oral emergencies such as acute pulpitis, periapical periodontitis, dental trauma, oral and maxillofacial infections happen, parents and children should visit dental clinic in time with correct personal protection. During the epidemic period, children's oral emergencies should be treated in accordance with current guidelines and control of COVID-19.
JO  - Sichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 51
IS  - 2
PG  - 151-154
SP  - 151
EP  - 154
AN  - 32220180
DO  - 10.12182/20200360101
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [The Management of Blood Glucose Should be Emphasized in the Treatment of COVID-19]
AU  - Ma, W. X.
AU  - Ran, X. W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Based on the higher mortality and the higher proportion of critically ill adults in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with diabetes, good inpatient glycemic control is particularly important in the comprehensive treatment of COVID-19. Individualized blood glucose target goals and treatment strategies should be made according to specific circumstances of COVID-19 inpatients with diabetes. For mild patients, a strict glycemic control target (fasting plasma glucose (FPG) 4.4-6.1 mmol/L, 2-hour postprandial plasma glucose (2 h PG) 6.1-7.8 mmol/L) are recommended; a target for the glycemic control of common type patients (FPG 6.1-7.8 mmol/L, 2 h PG 7.8-10.0 mmol/L) and subcutaneous insulin deliver therapy are recommended; a target nonfasting blood glucose range of 10.0 mmol or less per liter for severe-type COVID-19 patients, a relatively Less stringent blood glucose control target (FPG 7.8-10.0 mmol/L, 2 h PG 7.8-13.9 mmol/L) for critically ill patients and intravenous insulin infusion therapy are recommended. Due to the rapid changes in the condition of some patients, the risk of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) or hyperglycemic hyperosmolar status (HHS) maybe occur during the treatment. Blood glucose monitoring, dynamic evaluation and timely adjustment of strategies should be strengthened to ensure patient safety and promote early recovery of patients.
JO  - Sichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 51
IS  - 2
PG  - 146-150
SP  - 146
EP  - 150
AN  - 32220179
DO  - 10.12182/20200360606
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Epidemiology, Treatment, and Epidemic Prevention and Control of the Coronavirus Disease 2019: a Review]
AU  - Luan, R. S.
AU  - Wang, X.
AU  - Sun, X.
AU  - Chen, X. S.
AU  - Zhou, T.
AU  - Liu, Q. H.
AU  - Lu, X.
AU  - Wu, X. P.
AU  - Gu, D. Q.
AU  - Tang, M. S.
AU  - Cui, H. J.
AU  - Shan, X. F.
AU  - Ouyang, J.
AU  - Zhang, B.
AU  - Zhang, W.
AU  - Sichuan University Covid, E. R. G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This review summarizes the ongoing researches regarding etiology, epidemiology, transmission dynamics, treatment, and prevention and control strategies of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), with comparison to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and pandemic H1N1 virus. SARS-CoV-2 may be originated from bats, and the patients and asymptomatic carriers are the source of epidemic infection. The virus can be transmitted human-to-human through droplets and close contact, and people at all ages are susceptible to this virus. The main clinical symptoms of the patients are fever and cough, accompanied with leukocytopenia and lymphocytopenia. Effective drugs have been not yet available thus far. In terms of the prevention and control strategies, vaccine development as the primary prevention should be accelerated. Regarding the secondary prevention, ongoing efforts of the infected patients and close contacts quarantine, mask wearing promotion, regular disinfection in public places should be continued. Meanwhile, rapid detection kit for serological monitoring of the virus in general population is expected so as to achieve early detection, early diagnosis, early isolation and early treatment. In addition, public health education on this disease and prevention should be enhanced so as to mitigate panic and mobilize the public to jointly combat the epidemic.
JO  - Sichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 51
IS  - 2
PG  - 131-138
SP  - 131
EP  - 138
AN  - 32220177
DO  - 10.12182/20200360505
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Clinical Study and CT Findings of a Familial Cluster of Pneumonia with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)]
AU  - Li, C. X.
AU  - Wu, B.
AU  - Luo, F.
AU  - Zhang, N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We studied the epidemiological and clinical data collected from a family with 5 people, in which there were 3 family member diagnosed as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We found that the first patient in this family had Wuhan city travel history. Close contact in daily life was the route of infection. The most common symptoms were fever, cough and weakness. Characteristic imaging changes were found with grass opacity (GGO), consolidation and septal thickening mainly distributed in peripheral and posterior area by thoracic CT scan in the 3 patients. The abnormality in laborotary test included lower white blood cell count, neutrophil count and lymphocyte countincreasing fibrinogen and C-reactive proteindecreasing myohaemoglobin and increasing lactate dehydrogenase. The epidemiological and clinical features could provide quicker diagnosis and better management for the COVID-19 infected patients.
JO  - Sichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 51
IS  - 2
PG  - 155-158
SP  - 155
EP  - 158
AN  - 32220181
DO  - 10.12182/20200360107
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 drives new threat to bats in China
AU  - Zhao, H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Science (New York, N.Y.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 367
IS  - 6485
PG  - 1436
SP  - 1436
EP  - 
AN  - 32217719
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb3088
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Race to find COVID-19 treatments accelerates
AU  - Kupferschmidt, K.
AU  - Cohen, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Science (New York, N.Y.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 367
IS  - 6485
PG  - 1412-1413
SP  - 1412
EP  - 1413
AN  - 32217705
DO  - 10.1126/science.367.6485.1412
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The effect of human mobility and control measures on the COVID-19 epidemic in China
AU  - Kraemer, M. U. G.
AU  - Yang, C. H.
AU  - Gutierrez, B.
AU  - Wu, C. H.
AU  - Klein, B.
AU  - Pigott, D. M.
AU  - du Plessis, L.
AU  - Faria, N. R.
AU  - Li, R.
AU  - Hanage, W. P.
AU  - Brownstein, J. S.
AU  - Layan, M.
AU  - Vespignani, A.
AU  - Tian, H.
AU  - Dye, C.
AU  - Pybus, O. G.
AU  - Scarpino, S. V.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The ongoing COVID-19 outbreak expanded rapidly throughout China. Major behavioral, clinical, and state interventions have been undertaken to mitigate the epidemic and prevent the persistence of the virus in human populations in China and worldwide. It remains unclear how these unprecedented interventions, including travel restrictions, affected COVID-19 spread in China. We use real-time mobility data from Wuhan and detailed case data including travel history to elucidate the role of case importation on transmission in cities across China and ascertain the impact of control measures. Early on, the spatial distribution of COVID-19 cases in China was explained well by human mobility data. Following the implementation of control measures, this correlation dropped and growth rates became negative in most locations, although shifts in the demographics of reported cases were still indicative of local chains of transmission outside Wuhan. This study shows that the drastic control measures implemented in China substantially mitigated the spread of COVID-19.
JO  - Science (New York, N.Y.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32213647
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb4218
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - With COVID-19, modeling takes on life and death importance
AU  - Enserink, M.
AU  - Kupferschmidt, K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Science (New York, N.Y.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 367
IS  - 6485
PG  - 1414-1415
SP  - 1414
EP  - 1415
AN  - 32217707
DO  - 10.1126/science.367.6485.1414-b
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The value of mitigating epidemic peaks of COVID-19 for more effective public health responses
AU  - Villela, D. A. M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 53
IS  - 
PG  - e20200135
SP  - e20200135
EP  - 
AN  - 32215461
DO  - 10.1590/0037-8682-0135-2020
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Frequency and Distribution of Chest Radiographic Findings in COVID-19 Positive Patients
AU  - Wong, H. Y. F.
AU  - Lam, H. Y. S.
AU  - Fong, A. H.
AU  - Leung, S. T.
AU  - Chin, T. W.
AU  - Lo, C. S. Y.
AU  - Lui, M. M.
AU  - Lee, J. C. Y.
AU  - Chiu, K. W.
AU  - Chung, T.
AU  - Lee, E. Y. P.
AU  - Wan, E. Y. F.
AU  - Hung, F. N. I.
AU  - Lam, T. P. W.
AU  - Kuo, M.
AU  - Ng, M. Y.
PY  - 2019
PD  - 
N2  - Background Current COVID-19 radiological literature is dominated by CT and a detailed description of chest x-ray (CXR) appearances in relation to the disease time course is lacking. Purpose To describe the time course and severity of the CXR findings of COVID-19 and correlate these with real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing for SARS-Cov-2 nucleic acid. Materials and Methods Retrospective study of COVID-19 patients with RT-PCR confirmation and CXRs admitted across 4 hospitals evaluated between January and March 2020. Baseline and serial CXRs (total 255 CXRs) were reviewed along with RT-PCRs. Correlation with concurrent CTs (total 28 CTs) was made when available. Two radiologists scored each CXR in consensus for: consolidation, ground glass opacity (GGO), location and pleural fluid. A severity index was determined for each lung. The lung scores were summed to produce the final severity score. Results There were 64 patients (26 men, mean age 56+/-19 years). Of these, 58, 44 and 38 patients had positive initial RT-PCR (91%, [CI: 81-96%]), abnormal baseline CXR (69%, [CI: 56-80%]) and positive initial RT-PCR with abnormal baseline CXR (59 [CI:46-71%]) respectively. Six patients (9%) showed CXR abnormalities before eventually testing positive on RT-PCR. Sensitivity of initial RT-PCR (91% [95% CI: 83-97%]) was higher than baseline CXR (69% [95% CI: 56-80%]) (p = 0.009). Radiographic (mean 6 +/- 5 days) and virologic recovery (mean 8 +/- 6 days) were not significantly different (p= 0.33). Consolidation was the most common finding (30/64, 47%), followed by GGO (21/64, 33%). CXR abnormalities had a peripheral (26/64, 41%) and lower zone distribution (32/64, 50%) with bilateral involvement (32/64, 50%). Pleural effusion was uncommon (2/64, 3%). The severity of CXR findings peaked at 10-12 days from the date of symptom onset. Conclusion Chest x-ray findings in COVID-19 patients frequently showed bilateral lower zone consolidation which peaked at 10-12 days from symptom onset.
JO  - Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 201160
SP  - 201160
EP  - 
AN  - 32216717
DO  - 10.1148/radiol.2020201160
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Can chlorine dioxide prevent the spreading of coronavirus or other viral infections? Medical hypotheses
AU  - Kaly-Kullai, K.
AU  - Wittmann, M.
AU  - Noszticzius, Z.
AU  - Rosivall, L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Physiology international
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-11
SP  - 1
EP  - 11
AN  - 32208977
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Tilorone: a Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Invented in the USA and Commercialized in Russia and beyond
AU  - Ekins, S.
AU  - Lane, T. R.
AU  - Madrid, P. B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - For the last 50 years we have known of a broad-spectrum agent tilorone dihydrochloride (Tilorone). This is a small-molecule orally bioavailable drug that was originally discovered in the USA and is currently used clinically as an antiviral in Russia and the Ukraine. Over the years there have been numerous clinical and non-clinical reports of its broad spectrum of antiviral activity. More recently we have identified additional promising antiviral activities against Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, Chikungunya, Ebola and Marburg which highlights that this old drug may have other uses against new viruses. This may in turn inform the types of drugs that we need for virus outbreaks such as for the new coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Tilorone has been long neglected by the west in many respects but it deserves further reassessment in light of current and future needs for broad-spectrum antivirals.
JO  - Pharmaceutical research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 37
IS  - 4
PG  - 71
SP  - 71
EP  - 
AN  - 32215760
DO  - 10.1007/s11095-020-02799-8
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Expanded Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells (UC-MSCs) as a Therapeutic Strategy in Managing Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients: The Case for Compassionate Use
AU  - Atluri, S.
AU  - Manchikanti, L.
AU  - Hirsch, J. A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 has affected the United States leading to a national emergency with health care and economic impact, propelling the country into a recession with disrupted lifestyles not seen in recent history. COVID-19 is a serious illness leading to multiple deaths in various countries including the United States. Several million Americans satisfy the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) criteria for being high risk. Unfortunately, the available supply of medical beds and equipment for mechanical ventilation are much less than is projected to be needed. The World Health Organization (WHO) and multiple agencies led by the CDC in the United States have attempted to organize intensive outbreak investigation programs utilizing appropriate preventive measures, evaluation, and treatment. The clinical spectrum of COVID-19 varies from asymptomatic forms to conditions encompassing multiorgan and systemic manifestations in terms of septic shock, and multiple organ dysfunction (MOD) syndromes. The presently approved treatments are supportive but not curative for the disease. There are multiple treatments being studied. These include vaccines, medications Remdesivir and hydroxychloroquine and potentially combination therapy. Finally, expanded umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells or (UC-MSCs) may have a role and are being studied. The cure of COVID-19 is essentially dependent on the patients' own immune system. When the immune system is over activated in an attempt to kill the virus, this can lead to the production of a large number of inflammatory factors, resulting in severe cytokine storm. The cytokine storm may induce organ damage followed by the edema, dysfunction of air exchange, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), acute cardiac injury, and secondary infection, which may lead to death. Thus, at this point, the avoidance of the cytokine storm may be the key for the treatment of HCOV-19 infected patients.In China, where there was limited availability of effective modalities to manage COVID-19 several patients were treated with expanded UC-MSCs. Additionally, the Italian College of Anesthesia, Analgesia, Resuscitation and Intensive Care have reported guidelines to treat coronavirus patients with stem cells in the hope of decreasing the number of patients going to the ICU, and, also relatively quickly getting them out of ICU. In this manuscript, we describe the urgent need for various solutions, pathogenesis of coronavirus and the clinical evidence for treatment of COVID-19 with stem cells. The limited but emerging evidence regarding UC MSC in managing COVID-19 suggests that it might be considered for compassionate use in critically ill patients to reduce morbidity and mortality in the United States. The administration and Coronavirus Task Force might wish to approach the potential of expanded UC-MSCs as an evolutionary therapeutic strategy in managing COVID-19 illness with a 3-pronged approach: If proven safe and effective on a specific and limited basis...1. Minimize regulatory burden by all agencies so that critically ill COVID-19 patients will have access regardless of their financial circumstance.2. Institute appropriate safeguards to avoid negative consequences from unscrupulous actors.3. With proper informed consent from patients or proxy when necessary, and subject to accumulation of data in that cohort, allow the procedure to be initiated in critically ill patients who are not responding to conventional therapies.KEY WORDS: Coronavirus, COVID-19, cytokine storm, multiorgan failure, expanded umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells.
JO  - Pain physician
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 23
IS  - 2
PG  - E71-e83
SP  - E71
EP  - e83
AN  - 32214286
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - New therapeutic opportunities for COVID-19 patients with Tocilizumab: Possible correlation of interleukin-6 receptor inhibitors with osteonecrosis of the jaws
AU  - Bennardo, F.
AU  - Buffone, C.
AU  - Giudice, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Oral oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 104659
SP  - 104659
EP  - 
AN  - 32209313
DO  - 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2020.104659
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Care for laboratory animals during COVID-19 crisis
AU  - Pullium, J. K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 579
IS  - 7800
PG  - 497
SP  - 497
EP  - 
AN  - 32210386
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00869-w
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: ban 'orientalism' by critics of wildlife trade
AU  - Pagani-Nunez, E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 579
IS  - 7800
PG  - 497
SP  - 497
EP  - 
AN  - 32210384
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00870-3
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How blood from coronavirus survivors might save lives
AU  - Maxmen, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32214238
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00895-8
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus shuts down trials of drugs for multiple other diseases
AU  - Ledford, H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32214240
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00889-6
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: protect great apes during human pandemics
AU  - Gillespie, T. R.
AU  - Leendertz, F. H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 579
IS  - 7800
PG  - 497
SP  - 497
EP  - 
AN  - 32210385
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00859-y
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covert coronavirus, chaos prize and the cost of contact-tracing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 579
IS  - 7800
PG  - 477
SP  - 477
EP  - 
AN  - 32214268
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00829-4
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: faecal-oral transmission?
AU  - Hindson, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32214231
DO  - 10.1038/s41575-020-0295-7
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Management of IBD during the COVID-19 outbreak: resetting clinical priorities
AU  - Danese, S.
AU  - Cecconi, M.
AU  - Spinelli, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32214232
DO  - 10.1038/s41575-020-0294-8
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Coronavirus disease in children-initial data from Wuhan]
AU  - Voitl, P.
AU  - Niehues, T.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde : Organ der Deutschen Gesellschaft fur Kinderheilkunde
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 32218613
DO  - 10.1007/s00112-020-00907-x
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Public Health Responses to COVID-19 Outbreaks on Cruise Ships - Worldwide, February-March 2020
AU  - Moriarty, L. F.
AU  - Plucinski, M. M.
AU  - Marston, B. J.
AU  - Kurbatova, E. V.
AU  - Knust, B.
AU  - Murray, E. L.
AU  - Pesik, N.
AU  - Rose, D.
AU  - Fitter, D.
AU  - Kobayashi, M.
AU  - Toda, M.
AU  - Canty, P. T.
AU  - Scheuer, T.
AU  - Halsey, E. S.
AU  - Cohen, N. J.
AU  - Stockman, L.
AU  - Wadford, D. A.
AU  - Medley, A. M.
AU  - Green, G.
AU  - Regan, J. J.
AU  - Tardivel, K.
AU  - White, S.
AU  - Brown, C.
AU  - Morales, C.
AU  - Yen, C.
AU  - Wittry, B.
AU  - Freeland, A.
AU  - Naramore, S.
AU  - Novak, R. T.
AU  - Daigle, D.
AU  - Weinberg, M.
AU  - Acosta, A.
AU  - Herzig, C.
AU  - Kapella, B. K.
AU  - Jacobson, K. R.
AU  - Lamba, K.
AU  - Ishizumi, A.
AU  - Sarisky, J.
AU  - Svendsen, E.
AU  - Blocher, T.
AU  - Wu, C.
AU  - Charles, J.
AU  - Wagner, R.
AU  - Stewart, A.
AU  - Mead, P. S.
AU  - Kurylo, E.
AU  - Campbell, S.
AU  - Murray, R.
AU  - Weidle, P.
AU  - Cetron, M.
AU  - Friedman, C. R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - An estimated 30 million passengers are transported on 272 cruise ships worldwide each year* (1). Cruise ships bring diverse populations into proximity for many days, facilitating transmission of respiratory illness (2). SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was first identified in Wuhan, China, in December 2019 and has since spread worldwide to at least 187 countries and territories. Widespread COVID-19 transmission on cruise ships has been reported as well (3). Passengers on certain cruise ship voyages might be aged >/=65 years, which places them at greater risk for severe consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection (4). During February-March 2020, COVID-19 outbreaks associated with three cruise ship voyages have caused more than 800 laboratory-confirmed cases among passengers and crew, including 10 deaths. Transmission occurred across multiple voyages of several ships. This report describes public health responses to COVID-19 outbreaks on these ships. COVID-19 on cruise ships poses a risk for rapid spread of disease, causing outbreaks in a vulnerable population, and aggressive efforts are required to contain spread. All persons should defer all cruise travel worldwide during the COVID-19 pandemic.
JO  - MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 69
IS  - 12
PG  - 347-352
SP  - 347
EP  - 352
AN  - 32214086
DO  - 10.15585/mmwr.mm6912e3
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in a Long-Term Care Facility - King County, Washington, February 27-March 9, 2020
AU  - McMichael, T. M.
AU  - Clark, S.
AU  - Pogosjans, S.
AU  - Kay, M.
AU  - Lewis, J.
AU  - Baer, A.
AU  - Kawakami, V.
AU  - Lukoff, M. D.
AU  - Ferro, J.
AU  - Brostrom-Smith, C.
AU  - Riedo, F. X.
AU  - Russell, D.
AU  - Hiatt, B.
AU  - Montgomery, P.
AU  - Rao, A. K.
AU  - Currie, D. W.
AU  - Chow, E. J.
AU  - Tobolowsky, F.
AU  - Bardossy, A. C.
AU  - Oakley, L. P.
AU  - Jacobs, J. R.
AU  - Schwartz, N. G.
AU  - Stone, N.
AU  - Reddy, S. C.
AU  - Jernigan, J. A.
AU  - Honein, M. A.
AU  - Clark, T. A.
AU  - Duchin, J. S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - On February 28, 2020, a case of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was identified in a woman resident of a long-term care skilled nursing facility (facility A) in King County, Washington.* Epidemiologic investigation of facility A identified 129 cases of COVID-19 associated with facility A, including 81 of the residents, 34 staff members, and 14 visitors; 23 persons died. Limitations in effective infection control and prevention and staff members working in multiple facilities contributed to intra- and interfacility spread. COVID-19 can spread rapidly in long-term residential care facilities, and persons with chronic underlying medical conditions are at greater risk for COVID-19-associated severe disease and death. Long-term care facilities should take proactive steps to protect the health of residents and preserve the health care workforce by identifying and excluding potentially infected staff members and visitors, ensuring early recognition of potentially infected patients, and implementing appropriate infection control measures.
JO  - MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 69
IS  - 12
PG  - 339-342
SP  - 339
EP  - 342
AN  - 32214083
DO  - 10.15585/mmwr.mm6912e1
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Report from the American Society for Microbiology COVID-19 International Summit, 23 March 2020: Value of Diagnostic Testing for SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19
AU  - Patel, R.
AU  - Babady, E.
AU  - Theel, E. S.
AU  - Storch, G. A.
AU  - Pinsky, B. A.
AU  - St George, K.
AU  - Smith, T. C.
AU  - Bertuzzi, S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - mBio
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 11
IS  - 2
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32217609
DO  - 10.1128/mBio.00722-20
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19 and the Digestive System
AU  - Wong, S. H.
AU  - Lui, R. N.
AU  - Sung, J. J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus disease (Covid-19) is currently causing a major pandemic. It is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a member of the Betacoronavirus genus that also includes the SARS-CoV and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV). While patients typically present with fever and a respiratory illness, some patients also report gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhoea, vomiting and abdominal pain. Studies have identified the SARS-CoV-2 RNA in stool specimens of infected patients, and its viral receptor angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) was found to be highly expressed in gastrointestinal epithelial cells. These suggest that SARS-CoV-2 can actively infect and replicate in the gastrointestinal tract. This has important implications to the disease management, transmission, and infection control. In this article, we review the important gastrointestinal aspects of the disease.
JO  - Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32215956
DO  - 10.1111/jgh.15047
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Putting resiliency of a health system to the test: COVID-19 in Taiwan
AU  - Hsieh, V. C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the Formosan Medical Association = Taiwan yi zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32209276
DO  - 10.1016/j.jfma.2020.03.002
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Italy in a Time of Emergency and Scarce Resources: The Need for Embedding Ethical Reflection in Social and Clinical Settings
AU  - Nicoli, F.
AU  - Gasparetto, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 virus is severely testing the Italian healthcare system, as the requests for intensive treatment are greater than the real capacity of the system to receive patients. Given this emergency situation, it follows that citizens are limited in their freedom of movement in order to limit infection, and that in hospitals a significant number of critical situations must be faced. This brief contribution aims to offer a reflection on the public and clinical role of the bioethicist: a figure able to promote dialogue between the world of medicine and the community, and to face ethical dilemmas even in emergent clinical settings.
JO  - The Journal of clinical ethics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 31
IS  - 1
PG  - 92-94
SP  - 92
EP  - 94
AN  - 32213700
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 2019 Novel Coronavirus and awareness
AU  - Joob, B.
AU  - Wiwanitkit, V.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32217986
DO  - 10.1097/jcma.0000000000000306
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Battle Against COVID-19: Where Do We Stand Now?
AU  - Negahdaripour, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Iranian journal of medical sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 45
IS  - 2
PG  - 81-82
SP  - 81
EP  - 82
AN  - 32210483
DO  - 10.30476/ijms.2020.46357
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19, guests and crews of cruise: observation on Thai citizens
AU  - Yasri, S.
AU  - Wiwanitkit, V.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International maritime health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 71
IS  - 1
PG  - 9
SP  - 9
EP  - 
AN  - 32212141
DO  - 10.5603/imh.2020.0004
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Disease 2019 as a challenge for maritime medicine
AU  - Sikorska, K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International maritime health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 71
IS  - 1
PG  - 4
SP  - 4
EP  - 
AN  - 32212138
DO  - 10.5603/imh.2020.0002
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus (Covid-19) outbreak on the cruise ship Diamond Princess
AU  - Dahl, E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Not applicable for Editorials.
JO  - International maritime health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 71
IS  - 1
PG  - 5-8
SP  - 5
EP  - 8
AN  - 32212140
DO  - 10.5603/mh.2020.0003
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Coronavirus Pandemic: "The Show Must NOT Go On"
AU  - Habibzadeh, F.
AU  - Lang, T.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The international journal of occupational and environmental medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 11
IS  - 2
PG  - 63-64
SP  - 63
EP  - 64
AN  - 32218554
DO  - 10.34172/ijoem.2020.1979
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preparedness and Lessons Learned from the Novel Coronavirus Disease
AU  - Gudi, S. K.
AU  - Tiwari, K. K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In a short span, a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has captured global consciousness by significantly affecting the day-to-day life of humans and emerged as a public health emergency. Undoubtedly, it indicates that lessons learnt from the past epidemics of coronaviruses such as the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), had not enough and thus left us ill-prepared to deal with the challenges that COVID-19 pandemic is currently posing. Currently, as a global pandemic, COVID-19 poses major challenges and thus forcing the entire world to lockdown. However, the disease has prepared humankind in facing such outbreaks at present as well as in the future. Besides, it has also taught numerous lessons that are worth considering and implementing to make the world a better reality.
JO  - The international journal of occupational and environmental medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 11
IS  - 2
PG  - 108-112
SP  - 108
EP  - 112
AN  - 32218558
DO  - 10.34172/ijoem.2020.1977
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - National Institute for the Infectious Diseases "L. Spallanzani", IRCCS. Recommendations for COVID-19 clinical management
AU  - Nicastri, E.
AU  - Petrosillo, N.
AU  - Bartoli, T. A.
AU  - Lepore, L.
AU  - Mondi, A.
AU  - Palmieri, F.
AU  - D'Offizi, G.
AU  - Marchioni, L.
AU  - Murachelli, S.
AU  - Ippolito, G.
AU  - Antinori, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - On January 9 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the identification, by Chinese Health authorities, of a novel coronavirus, further classified as SARS-CoV-2 responsible of a disease (COVID-19) ranging from asymptomatic cases to severe respiratory involvement. On March 9 2020, WHO declared COVID-19 a global pandemic. Italy is the second most affected country by COVID-19 infection after China. The "L. Spallanzani" National Institute for the Infectious Diseases, IRCCS, Rome, Italy, has been the first Italian hospital to admit and manage patients affected by COVID-19. Hereby, we show our recommendations for the management of COVID-19 patients, based on very limited clinical evidences; they should be considered as expert opinions, which may be modified according to newly produced literature data.
JO  - Infectious disease reports
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 12
IS  - 1
PG  - 8543
SP  - 8543
EP  - 
AN  - 32218915
DO  - 10.4081/idr.2020.8543
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemiological, clinical and virological characteristics of 74 cases of coronavirus-infected disease 2019 (COVID-19) with gastrointestinal symptoms
AU  - Jin, X.
AU  - Lian, J. S.
AU  - Hu, J. H.
AU  - Gao, J.
AU  - Zheng, L.
AU  - Zhang, Y. M.
AU  - Hao, S. R.
AU  - Jia, H. Y.
AU  - Cai, H.
AU  - Zhang, X. L.
AU  - Yu, G. D.
AU  - Xu, K. J.
AU  - Wang, X. Y.
AU  - Gu, J. Q.
AU  - Zhang, S. Y.
AU  - Ye, C. Y.
AU  - Jin, C. L.
AU  - Lu, Y. F.
AU  - Yu, X.
AU  - Yu, X. P.
AU  - Huang, J. R.
AU  - Xu, K. L.
AU  - Ni, Q.
AU  - Yu, C. B.
AU  - Zhu, B.
AU  - Li, Y. T.
AU  - Liu, J.
AU  - Zhao, H.
AU  - Zhang, X.
AU  - Yu, L.
AU  - Guo, Y. Z.
AU  - Su, J. W.
AU  - Tao, J. J.
AU  - Lang, G. J.
AU  - Wu, X. X.
AU  - Wu, W. R.
AU  - Qv, T. T.
AU  - Xiang, D. R.
AU  - Yi, P.
AU  - Shi, D.
AU  - Chen, Y.
AU  - Ren, Y.
AU  - Qiu, Y. Q.
AU  - Li, L. J.
AU  - Sheng, J.
AU  - Yang, Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE: The SARS-CoV-2-infected disease (COVID-19) outbreak is a major threat to human beings. Previous studies mainly focused on Wuhan and typical symptoms. We analysed 74 confirmed COVID-19 cases with GI symptoms in the Zhejiang province to determine epidemiological, clinical and virological characteristics. DESIGN: COVID-19 hospital patients were admitted in the Zhejiang province from 17 January 2020 to 8 February 2020. Epidemiological, demographic, clinical, laboratory, management and outcome data of patients with GI symptoms were analysed using multivariate analysis for risk of severe/critical type. Bioinformatics were used to analyse features of SARS-CoV-2 from Zhejiang province. RESULTS: Among enrolled 651 patients, 74 (11.4%) presented with at least one GI symptom (nausea, vomiting or diarrhoea), average age of 46.14 years, 4-day incubation period and 10.8% had pre-existing liver disease. Of patients with COVID-19 with GI symptoms, 17 (22.97%) and 23 (31.08%) had severe/critical types and family clustering, respectively, significantly higher than those without GI symptoms, 47 (8.14%) and 118 (20.45%). Of patients with COVID-19 with GI symptoms, 29 (39.19%), 23 (31.08%), 8 (10.81%) and 16 (21.62%) had significantly higher rates of fever >38.5 degrees C, fatigue, shortness of breath and headache, respectively. Low-dose glucocorticoids and antibiotics were administered to 14.86% and 41.89% of patients, respectively. Sputum production and increased lactate dehydrogenase/glucose levels were risk factors for severe/critical type. Bioinformatics showed sequence mutation of SARS-CoV-2 with m(6)A methylation and changed binding capacity with ACE2. CONCLUSION: We report COVID-19 cases with GI symptoms with novel features outside Wuhan. Attention to patients with COVID-19 with non-classic symptoms should increase to protect health providers.
JO  - Gut
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32213556
DO  - 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-320926
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A nationwide survey of psychological distress among Chinese people in the COVID-19 epidemic: implications and policy recommendations
AU  - Qiu, J.
AU  - Shen, B.
AU  - Zhao, M.
AU  - Wang, Z.
AU  - Xie, B.
AU  - Xu, Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic emerged in Wuhan, China, spread nationwide and then onto half a dozen other countries between December 2019 and early 2020. The implementation of unprecedented strict quarantine measures in China has kept a large number of people in isolation and affected many aspects of people's lives. It has also triggered a wide variety of psychological problems, such as panic disorder, anxiety and depression. This study is the first nationwide large-scale survey of psychological distress in the general population of China during the COVID-19 epidemic.
JO  - General psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 33
IS  - 2
PG  - e100213
SP  - e100213
EP  - 
AN  - 32215365
DO  - 10.1136/gpsych-2020-100213
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Unrevealing sequence and structural features of novel coronavirus using in silico approaches: The main protease as molecular target
AU  - Ortega, J. T.
AU  - Serrano, M. L.
AU  - Pujol, F. H.
AU  - Rangel, H. R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Direct-acting antivirals are effective tools to control viral infections. SARS-CoV-2 is a coronavirus associated with the epidemiological outbreak in late 2019. Previous reports showed that HIV-1 protease inhibitors could block SARS-CoV main protease. Based on that and using an in silico approach, we evaluated SARS-CoV-2 main protease as a target for HIV-1 protease inhibitors to reveal the structural features related to their antiviral effect. Our results showed that several HIV inhibitors such as lopinavir, ritonavir, and saquinavir produce strong interaction with the active site of SARS-CoV-2 main protease. Furthermore, broad library protease inhibitors obtained from PubChem and ZINC (www.zinc.docking.org) were evaluated. Our analysis revealed 20 compounds that could be clustered into three groups based on their chemical features. Then, these structures could serve as leading compounds to develop a series of derivatives optimizing their activity against SARS-CoV-2 and other coronaviruses. Altogether, the results presented in this work contribute to gain a deep understanding of the molecular pharmacology of SARS-CoV-2 treatment and validate the use of protease inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2.
JO  - EXCLI journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 19
IS  - 
PG  - 400-409
SP  - 400
EP  - 409
AN  - 32210741
DO  - 10.17179/excli2020-1189
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Role of changes in SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in the interaction with the human ACE2 receptor: An in silico analysis
AU  - Ortega, J. T.
AU  - Serrano, M. L.
AU  - Pujol, F. H.
AU  - Rangel, H. R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Many human viral diseases are a consequence of a zoonotic event. Some of the diseases caused by these zoonotic events have affected millions of people around the world, some of which have resulted in high rates of morbidity/mortality in humans. Changes in the viral proteins that function as ligands of the host receptor may promote the spillover between species. The most recent of these zoonotic events that have caused an ongoing epidemic of high magnitude is the Covid-19 epidemics caused by SARS-CoV-2. The aim of this study was to determine the mutation(s) in the sequence of the spike protein of the SARS-CoV-2 that might be favoring human to human transmission. An in silico approach was performed, and changes were detected in the S1 subunit of the receptor-binding domain of spike. The observed changes have significant effect on SARS-CoV-2 spike/ACE2 interaction and produce a reduction in the binding energy, compared to the one of the Bat-CoV to this receptor. The data presented in this study suggest a higher affinity of the SARS-Cov-2 spike protein to the human ACE2 receptor, compared to the one of Bat-CoV spike and ACE2. This could be the cause of the rapid viral spread of SARS-CoV-2 in humans.
JO  - EXCLI journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 19
IS  - 
PG  - 410-417
SP  - 410
EP  - 417
AN  - 32210742
DO  - 10.17179/excli2020-1167
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Serological and molecular findings during SARS-CoV-2 infection: the first case study in Finland, January to February 2020
AU  - Haveri, A.
AU  - Smura, T.
AU  - Kuivanen, S.
AU  - Osterlund, P.
AU  - Hepojoki, J.
AU  - Ikonen, N.
AU  - Pitkapaasi, M.
AU  - Blomqvist, S.
AU  - Ronkko, E.
AU  - Kantele, A.
AU  - Strandin, T.
AU  - Kallio-Kokko, H.
AU  - Mannonen, L.
AU  - Lappalainen, M.
AU  - Broas, M.
AU  - Jiang, M.
AU  - Siira, L.
AU  - Salminen, M.
AU  - Puumalainen, T.
AU  - Sane, J.
AU  - Melin, M.
AU  - Vapalahti, O.
AU  - Savolainen-Kopra, C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The first case of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Finland was confirmed on 29 January 2020. No secondary cases were detected. We describe the clinical picture and laboratory findings 3-23 days since the first symptoms. The SARS-CoV-2/Finland/1/2020 virus strain was isolated, the genome showing a single nucleotide substitution to the reference strain from Wuhan. Neutralising antibody response appeared within 9 days along with specific IgM and IgG response, targeting particularly nucleocapsid and spike proteins.
JO  - Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 25
IS  - 11
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32209163
DO  - 10.2807/1560-7917.Es.2020.25.11.2000266
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Suggestions for safety and protection control in Department of Nuclear Medicine during the outbreak of COVID-19
AU  - Zhang, X.
AU  - Shao, F.
AU  - Lan, X.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32215677
DO  - 10.1007/s00259-020-04779-x
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Immediate Health Surveillance Response to COVID-19 Epidemic
AU  - Croda, J. H. R.
AU  - Garcia, L. P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Epidemiologia e servicos de saude : revista do Sistema Unico de Saude do Brasil
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 29
IS  - 1
PG  - e2020002
SP  - e2020002
EP  - 
AN  - 32215535
DO  - 10.5123/s1679-49742020000100021
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The different clinical characteristics of corona virus disease cases between children and their families in China - the character of children with COVID-19
AU  - Su, L.
AU  - Ma, X.
AU  - Yu, H.
AU  - Zhang, Z.
AU  - Bian, P.
AU  - Han, Y.
AU  - Sun, J.
AU  - Liu, Y.
AU  - Yang, C.
AU  - Geng, J.
AU  - Gai, Z.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This study aims to analyze the different clinical characteristics between children and their families infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Clinical data from nine children and their 14 families were collected, including general status, clinical, laboratory test, and imaging characteristics. All the children were detected positive result after their families onset. Three children had fever (22.2%) or cough (11.2%) symptoms and six (66.7%) children had no symptom. Among the 14 adult patients, the major symptoms included fever (57.1%), cough (35.7%), chest tightness/pain (21.4%), fatigue (21.4%) and sore throat (7.1%). Nearly 70% of the patients had normal (71.4%) or decreased (28.6%) white blood cell counts, and 50% (7/14) had lymphocytopenia. There were 10 adults (71.4%) showed abnormal imaging. The main manifestations were pulmonary consolidation (70%), nodular shadow (50%), and ground glass opacity (50%). Five discharged children were admitted again because their stool showed positive result in SARS-CoV-2 PCR. COVID-19 in children is mainly caused by family transmission, and their symptoms are mild and prognosis is better than adult. However, their PCR result in stool showed longer time than their families. Because of the mild or asymptomatic clinical process, it is difficult to recognize early for pediatrician and public health staff.
JO  - Emerging microbes & infections
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
PG  - 707-713
SP  - 707
EP  - 713
AN  - 32208917
DO  - 10.1080/22221751.2020.1744483
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical observation and management of COVID-19 patients
AU  - Li, T.
AU  - Lu, H.
AU  - Zhang, W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Three leading infectious disease experts in China were invited to share their bedside observations in the management of COVID-19 patients. Professor Taisheng Li was sent to Wuhan to provide frontline medical care. He depicts the clinical course of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Furthermore, he observes the significant abnormality of coagulation function and proposes that the early intravenous immunoglobulin and low molecular weight heparin anticoagulation therapy are very important. Professor Hongzhou Lu, a leader in China to try various anti-viral drugs, expresses concern on the quality of the ongoing clinical trials as most trials are small in scale and repetitive in nature, and emphasizes the importance of the quick publication of clinical trial results. Regarding the traditional Chinese medicine, Professor Lu suggests to develop a creative evaluation system because of the complicated chemical compositions. Professor Wenhong Zhang is responsible for Shanghai's overall clinical management of the COVID-19 cases. He introduces the team approach to manage COVID-19 patients. For severe or critically ill patients, in addition to the respiratory supportive treatment, timely multiorgan evaluation and treatment is very crucial. The medical decisions and interventions are carefully tailored to the unique characteristics of each patient.
JO  - Emerging microbes & infections
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
PG  - 687-690
SP  - 687
EP  - 690
AN  - 32208840
DO  - 10.1080/22221751.2020.1741327
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mitigating the impact of conference and travel cancellations on researchers' futures
AU  - Weissgerber, T.
AU  - Bediako, Y.
AU  - de Winde, C. M.
AU  - Ebrahimi, H.
AU  - Fernandez-Chiappe, F.
AU  - Ilangovan, V.
AU  - Mehta, D.
AU  - Paz Quezada, C.
AU  - Riley, J. L.
AU  - Saladi, S. M.
AU  - Sarabipour, S.
AU  - Tay, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The need to protect public health during the current COVID-19 pandemic has necessitated conference cancellations on an unprecedented scale. As the scientific community adapts to new working conditions, it is important to recognize that some of our actions may disproportionately affect early-career researchers and scientists from countries with limited research funding. We encourage all conference organizers, funders and institutions who are able to do so to consider how they can mitigate the unintended consequences of conference and travel cancellations and we provide seven recommendations for how this could be achieved. The proposed solutions may also offer long-term benefits for those who normally cannot attend conferences, and thus lead to a more equitable future for generations of researchers.
JO  - eLife
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32216872
DO  - 10.7554/eLife.57032
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - An Ounce of Prevention: Coronavirus (COVID-19) and Mass Gatherings
AU  - Escher, A. R., Jr.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Widespread, non-stop, and often sensational coverage of the coronavirus (COVID-19) has caught many governments flat-footed in efforts to protect the health and safety of their citizens. In response to the current global health event, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 a pandemic. Mass gatherings present a historic challenge in protecting the health and safety of attendees. The majority of the prominent mass gatherings are religious in nature. Global sporting events, such as the Olympics and the World Cup, pose unique health risks to attendees and host nations. Deferment or cancellation of such mass gatherings may exert an extraordinary economic loss to the host nation. Universal adoption of best practices for infection control is the surest way for governments to prepare for mass gatherings. In these uncertain times, it is up to intergovernmental organizations to be the voice of reason.
JO  - Cureus
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 12
IS  - 3
PG  - e7345
SP  - e7345
EP  - 
AN  - 32211279
DO  - 10.7759/cureus.7345
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Potential therapeutic options for coronavirus disease 2019: using knowledge of past outbreaks to guide future treatment
AU  - Lin, J.
AU  - Ouyang, J.
AU  - Peng, X. R.
AU  - Isnard, S.
AU  - Fombuena, B.
AU  - Routy, J. P.
AU  - Chen, Y. K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Chinese medical journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32209887
DO  - 10.1097/cm9.0000000000000816
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Diagnosis and Treatment Plan for COVID-19 (Trial Version 6)
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Chinese medical journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32209888
DO  - 10.1097/cm9.0000000000000819
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Football cannot restart soon during the COVID-19 emergency! A critical perspective from the Italian experience and a call for action
AU  - Corsini, A.
AU  - Bisciotti, G. N.
AU  - Eirale, C.
AU  - Volpi, P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - British journal of sports medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32209554
DO  - 10.1136/bjsports-2020-102306
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [El desafio de comunicar y controlar la epidemia por coronavirus]
AU  - Moreno-Montoya, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Biomedica : revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 40
IS  - 1
PG  - 11-13
SP  - 11
EP  - 13
AN  - 32220158
DO  - 10.7705/biomedica.5455
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Role of the Global Health Development/Eastern Mediterranean Public Health Network and the Eastern Mediterranean Field Epidemiology Training Programs in Preparedness for COVID-19
AU  - Al Nsour, M.
AU  - Bashier, H.
AU  - Al Serouri, A.
AU  - Malik, E.
AU  - Khader, Y.
AU  - Saeed, K.
AU  - Ikram, A.
AU  - Abdalla, A. M.
AU  - Belalia, A.
AU  - Assarag, B.
AU  - Baig, M. A.
AU  - Almudarra, S.
AU  - Arqoub, K.
AU  - Osman, S.
AU  - Abu-Khader, I.
AU  - Shalabi, D.
AU  - Majeed, Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The World Health Organization (WHO) declared the current COVID-19 a public health emergency of international concern on January 30, 2020. Countries in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) have a high vulnerability and variable capacity to respond to outbreaks. Many of these countries addressed the need for increasing capacity in the areas of surveillance and rapid response to public health threats. Moreover, countries addressed the need for communication strategies that direct the public to actions for self- and community protection. This viewpoint article aims to highlight the contribution of the Global Health Development (GHD)/Eastern Mediterranean Public Health Network (EMPHNET) and the EMR's Field Epidemiology Training Program (FETPs) to prepare for and respond to the current COVID-19 threat. GHD/EMPHNET has the scientific expertise to contribute to elevating the level of country alert and preparedness in the EMR and to provide technical support through health promotion, training and training materials, guidelines, coordination, and communication. The FETPs are currently actively participating in surveillance and screening at the ports of entry, development of communication materials and guidelines, and sharing information to health professionals and the public. However, some countries remain ill-equipped, have poor diagnostic capacity, and are in need of further capacity development in response to public health threats. It is essential that GHD/EMPHNET and FETPs continue building the capacity to respond to COVID-19 and intensify support for preparedness and response to public health emergencies.
JO  - JMIR public health and surveillance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 6
IS  - 1
PG  - e18503
SP  - e18503
EP  - 
AN  - 32217506
DO  - 10.2196/18503
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Managing Oncology Services During a Major Coronavirus Outbreak: Lessons From the Saudi Arabia Experience
AU  - Jazieh, A. R.
AU  - Al Hadab, A.
AU  - Al Olayan, A.
AU  - AlHejazi, A.
AU  - Al Safi, F.
AU  - Al Qarni, A.
AU  - Farooqui, F.
AU  - Al Mutairi, N.
AU  - Alenazi, T. H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Outbreaks of infectious etiology, particularly those caused by a novel virus that has no known treatment or vaccine, may result in the interruption of medical care provided to patients with cancer and put them at risk for undertreatment in addition to the risk of being exposed to infection, a life-threatening event among patients with cancer. This article describes the approach used to manage patients with cancer during a large-scale Middle East respiratory syndrome-coronavirus hospital outbreak in Saudi Arabia to ensure continuity of care and minimize harm from treatment interruption or acquiring infection. The approach taken toward managing this high-risk situation (COVID-19) could be easily adopted by health care organizations and would be helpful to ensure readiness for the occurrence of future outbreaks of different infectious etiologies like those recent episodes of new coronavirus.
JO  - JCO global oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 6
IS  - 
PG  - 518-524
SP  - 518
EP  - 524
AN  - 32216653
DO  - 10.1200/go.20.00063
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Health measures to travelers and cruise ships in response to COVID-19
AU  - Mouchtouri, V. A.
AU  - Dirksen-Fischer, M.
AU  - Hadjichristodoulou, C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of travel medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32211801
DO  - 10.1093/jtm/taaa043
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Routes for COVID-19 importation in Brazil
AU  - Candido, D. D. S.
AU  - Watts, A.
AU  - Abade, L.
AU  - Kraemer, M. U. G.
AU  - Pybus, O. G.
AU  - Croda, J.
AU  - Oliveira, W.
AU  - Khan, K.
AU  - Sabino, E. C.
AU  - Faria, N. R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The global outbreak caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been declared a pandemic by the WHO. As the number of imported SARS-CoV-2 cases is on the rise in Brazil, we use incidence and historical air travel data to estimate the most important routes of importation into the country.
JO  - Journal of travel medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32211799
DO  - 10.1093/jtm/taaa042
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cancer Care Delivery Challenges Amidst Coronavirus Disease - 19 (COVID-19) Outbreak: Specific Precautions for Cancer Patients and Cancer Care Providers to Prevent Spread
AU  - Shankar, A.
AU  - Saini, D.
AU  - Roy, S.
AU  - Mosavi Jarrahi, A.
AU  - Chakraborty, A.
AU  - Bharti, S. J.
AU  - Taghizadeh-Hesary, F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus outbreak has affected thousands of people in at least 186 countries which has affected the cancer care delivery system apart from affecting the overall health system. Cancer patients are more susceptible to coronavirus infection than individuals without cancer as they are in an immunosuppressive state because of the malignancy and anticancer treatment. Oncologists should be more attentive to detect coronavirus infection early, as any type of advanced cancer is at much higher risk for unfavorable outcomes. Oncology communities must ensure that cancer patients should spend more time at home and less time out in the community. Oncologists and other health care professionals involved in cancer care have a critical opportunity to communicate to their patients to pass on right information regarding practice modifications in view of COVID-19 outbreaks. Countries must isolate, test, treat and trace to control the coronavirus pandemic. There is a paucity of information on novel coronavirus infection and its impact on cancer patients and cancer care providers. To date, there is no scientific guideline regarding management of cancer patients in a background of coronavirus outbreak.<br />.
JO  - Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 21
IS  - 3
PG  - 569-573
SP  - 569
EP  - 573
AN  - 32212779
DO  - 10.31557/apjcp.2020.21.3.569
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Are there any Therapeutic Options Currently Available for Wuhan Coronavirus?
AU  - Carradori, S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Anti-inflammatory & anti-allergy agents in medicinal chemistry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32213152
DO  - 10.2174/1871523019999200228100917
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic and Pregnancy
AU  - Dashraath, P.
AU  - Jing Lin Jeslyn, W.
AU  - Mei Xian Karen, L.
AU  - Li Min, L.
AU  - Sarah, L.
AU  - Biswas, A.
AU  - Arjandas Choolani, M.
AU  - Mattar, C.
AU  - Lin, S. L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia pandemic, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus, is spreading globally at an accelerated rate, with a basic reproduction number (R0) of 2 - 2.5, indicating that 2 - 3 persons will be infected from an index patient. A serious public health emergency, it is particularly deadly in vulnerable populations and communities in which healthcare providers are insufficiently prepared to manage the infection. As of March 16, 2020, there are more than 180,000 confirmed cases of COVID-19 worldwide, with over 7,000 related deaths. The SARS-CoV-2 virus has been isolated from asymptomatic individuals, and affected patients continue to be infectious two weeks after cessation of symptoms. The substantial morbidity and socioeconomic impact have necessitated drastic measures across all continents, including nationwide lockdowns and border closures. Pregnant women and their fetuses represent a high-risk population during infectious disease outbreaks. To date, the outcomes of 55 pregnant women infected with COVID-19 and 46 neonates have been reported in the literature, with no definite evidence of vertical transmission. Physiological and mechanical changes in pregnancy increase susceptibility to infections in general, particularly when the cardiorespiratory system is affected, and encourage rapid progression to respiratory failure in the gravida. Furthermore, the pregnancy bias towards T-helper 2 (Th2) system dominance which protects the fetus, leaves the mother vulnerable to viral infections, which are more effectively contained by the Th1 system. These unique challenges mandate an integrated approach to pregnancies affected by SARS-CoV-2. Here we present a review of COVID-19 in pregnancy, bringing together the various factors integral to the understanding of pathophysiology and susceptibility, diagnostic challenges with real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays, therapeutic controversies, intrauterine transmission and maternal-fetal complications. We discuss the latest options in antiviral therapy and vaccine development, including the novel use of chloroquine in the management of COVID-19. Fetal surveillance, in view of the predisposition to growth restriction and special considerations during labor and delivery are addressed. Additionally, we focus on keeping frontline obstetric care providers safe while continuing to provide essential services. Our clinical service model is built around the principles of workplace segregation, responsible social distancing, containment of cross-infection to healthcare providers, judicious use of personal protective equipment and telemedicine. Our aim is to share a framework which can be adopted by tertiary maternity units managing pregnant women in the flux of a pandemic while maintaining the safety of the patient and healthcare provider at its core.
JO  - American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32217113
DO  - 10.1016/j.ajog.2020.03.021
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - As We Went to Press: COVID-19 Continues to Spread
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Updates on the coronavirus.
JO  - The American journal of nursing
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 120
IS  - 4
PG  - 15
SP  - 15
EP  - 
AN  - 32218028
DO  - 10.1097/01.Naj.0000659956.26994.75
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Systematic review of COVID-19 in children shows milder cases and a better prognosis than adults
AU  - Ludvigsson, J. F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - AIM: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected hundreds of thousands of people. Data on symptoms and prognoses in children are rare. METHODS: A systematic literature review was carried out to identify papers on COVID-19, which is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), using the Medline and EMBASE databases between 1 January and 18 March 2020. RESULTS: The search identified 45 relevant scientific papers and letters. The review showed that children have so far accounted for 1-5% of diagnosed COVID-19 cases, they often have milder disease than adults and deaths have been extremely rare. Diagnostic findings have been similar to adults, with fever and respiratory symptoms being prevalent, but fewer children seem to have developed severe pneumonia. Elevated inflammatory markers were less common in children and lymphocytopenia seemed rare. Newborn infants have developed symptomatic COVID-19, but evidence of vertical intrauterine transmission was scarce. Suggested treatment included providing oxygen, inhalations, nutritional support and maintaining fluids and electrolyte balances. CONCLUSIONS: COVID-19 has occurred in children, but they seemed to have a milder disease course and better prognoses than adults. Deaths were extremely rare.
JO  - Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32202343
DO  - 10.1111/apa.15270
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recommendations for prevention and treatment of device-related pressure injuries during COVID-19 period
AU  - ZHANG, Yunchang
AU  - SHENG, Chunquan
AU  - WANG, Bingkai
AU  - MA, Zhiqiang
AU  - YANG, Feng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - With the outbreak of COVID-19, non-stop working medical staff need to wear protective equipment for a long time, which could easily cause device-related pressure injuries to nose, cheek, forehead or the back of auricle, and might even cause facial skin swelling and ulceration. The above problems reduce work efficiency and increase the infection risk for healthcare people. This article introduces the concept of device-related pressure injuries and summarizes the progress of the treatment for device-related pressure injuries at home and abroad in recent years, aiming at providing guidance for frontline medical staff to prevent device-related pressure injuries.
JO  - Journal of Pharmaceutical Practice
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 38
IS  - 2
PG  - 97-100
SP  - 97
EP  - 100
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preliminary exploration of the mechanism of Qingfei Paidu decoction against novel coronavirus pneumonia based on network pharmacology and molecular docking technology
AU  - WU, Hao
AU  - WANG, Jia-qi
AU  - YANG, Yu-wei
AU  - LI, Tian-yi
AU  - CAO, Yi-jia
AU  - QU, Yu-xia
AU  - JIN, Yu-jie
AU  - ZHANG, Chen-ning
AU  - SUN, Yi-kun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) network pharmacology and molecular docking technology were applied to explore the mechanism of anti-coronavirus pneumonia (coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19) of Qingfei Paidu decoction. The Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 edition) and Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP), OMIM (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man), GeneCard, STRING, and others online databases are used for building a series of network, and selecting the core target and analyzing the signal pathway. Finally, we make molecular docking predictions for the important compounds. The results showed that the Qingfei Paidu decoction compound-pneumonia target network contained 292 compounds and 214 corresponding targets, and the core targets involved AKT1 (AKT serine/threonine kinase 1), IL6 (interleukin 6), MAPK8 (mitogen-activated protein kinase 8), MAPK1 (mitogen-activated protein kinase 1), and JUN (jun proto-oncogene). GO (Gene Ontology) function enrichment analysis yielded 858 GO entries, and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) enrichment screening yielded 122 related pathways, including hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) and Toll-like receptor (TLRs) signaling pathways related to pneumonia, as well as T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling pathway related to lung injury protection. The molecular docking results showed that some core compounds of the Chinese herbal medicine of Qingfei Paidu decoction have a certain degree of affinity for 2019-novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) main protease (3C-like protease, 3CLpro) and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). In this paper, we preliminarily explored the potential therapeutic mechanism for Qingfei Paidu decoction to against COVID-19 and predicted the active ingredients. We hope that the results will help to the further study on the active ingredients and mechanism of Qingfei Paidu decoction to COVID-19.
JO  - Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 55
IS  - 3
PG  - 374-383
SP  - 374
EP  - 383
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Screening and management of asymptomatic infection of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
AU  - HU, Zhibin
AU  - CI, Song
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - To date, the controlling of outbreak of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has entered into a critical period in China. Recently, work resumption and public place is planning to open outside of Hubei, suggesting an uncertain and complex development of the epidemic in the next stage. Few days ago, we conducted a study on the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of asymptomatic infections of COVID-19, and found them might be the infection source. We believe that the findings are critical for developing public health intervention strategies for controlling COVID-19 infection in the future. Screening among the high-risk population and improving the sensitivity of measurement may contribute to the detection and management of asymptomatic infection.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 0
PG  - E025-E025
SP  - E025
EP  - E025
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Advances in research of novel coronavirus related drugs and biological products
AU  - WANG, He-ran
AU  - WANG, Xi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus pneumonia was first discovered in December 2019. By February 21, 2020, the virus had spread to 27 countries, and the total number of patients were nearly 80 thousands. In order to effectively prevent and control the epidemic, countries around the world are organizing scientific research, especially in screening of therapeutic drugs, researching and developing of vaccine, which is the key point and difficulty of epidemic control. On the basis of a large number of relevantly collected information about drugs and biological products in the academia and the press of various countries, this paper focus on the research status and development of antiviral chemical drugs, Chinese traditional medicines and biological products, aiming to provide reference for relevant departments, units and scientists.
JO  - Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 55
IS  - 3
PG  - 349-354
SP  - 349
EP  - 354
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Healing the schism between public health and medicine, promoting the integration of prevention and treatment
AU  - TAO, Fangbiao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The 'Healing the Schism: Epidemiology, Medicine, and the Public&rsquo;s Health&rsquo; by professor Kerr L. White&rsquo;s be published has a history of nearly 30 years. Since then, although scholars have appealed to incorporating public health and clinical medicine education, and breaking down separations between public health and clinical workforce in China, the effect is yet not so obvious. The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has opened a public class on the treatment, prevention and control of infectious diseases for the Chinese citizens. Consequently, the Chinese people have higher expectations on the modernization of public health governance, and the social atmosphere of incorporating preventive medicine and clinical medical education is establishing. In future, when combating with novel infectious diseases and public health emergencies, the response capacity of public health system and treatment capacity of clinical system will be significantly improved, while the situation on insufficient&nbsp;integration of prevention and treatment is bound to be reversed.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 0
PG  - E024-E024
SP  - E024
EP  - E024
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Analysis of chemical drugs applied for clinical trial for the treatment of COVID-19
AU  - ZHANG, Chao
AU  - CHEN, Shu-bing
AU  - ZHANG, Jie
AU  - GUO, Ying
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread throughout China and many other countries around the world. The antivirals are important measures to this epidemic; however, there is no drug approved for against coronavirus yet. With the continuously rising number of confirmed/suspected cases of COVID-19, it is urgent to obtain antiviral drugs for the clinical treatment. In response to this situation, drug repurposing strategy becomes one of the best approaches for anti-SARS-CoV-2 drug discovery. By retrieving the clinical trials registered in Chinese Clinical Trial Registry and ClinicalTrials.gov, a total of 14 chemical drugs were registered for COVID-19. In this review, we summarize and analyze the 14 drugs' indications, targets, and research basis related to the activities against viral infections, esp. coronavirus infections. We are making efforts to understand the evidence basis of these drugs for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection applied by various research and clinical institutions in response to this COVID-19 outbreak, and also providing clues for quick response to possible epidemic in future and reasonable expansion of the indications of drugs.
JO  - Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 55
IS  - 3
PG  - 355-365
SP  - 355
EP  - 365
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Nosocomial infection control strategy in cabin hospital during the outbreak of COVID-19
AU  - WU, Wenjuan
AU  - HE, Lihua
AU  - LIU, Bo
AU  - WANG, Li
AU  - LEI, Han
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The construction of mobile Cabin hospitals is a pioneering effort for the prevention and controlling of the patients with mild symptoms during the outbreak epidemic of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia. It is a prerequisite and important guarantee for the hospital to manage the hospital infection and prevent the spreading of the epidemic. Our team is located in Dongxihu mobile Cabin hospital, which is one of the first three Cabin hospitals in Wuhan. This article takes the operation process of this hospital as a clue, and discusses aspects of personal protection, environmental sanitation management, item management, occupational exposure disposal, and discharged patient management. It also analyzed common and critical problems in operation. With a view to provide reference for other Cabin hospitals or temporary treatment agencies.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Hospital Administration
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 36
IS  - 0
PG  - E016-E016
SP  - E016
EP  - E016
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Effect of matrine sodium chloride injection on a mouse model combining disease with syndrome of human coronavirus pneumonia with cold-dampness pestilence attacking the lung
AU  - SUN, Jing
AU  - ZHAO, Rong-hua
AU  - GUO, Shan-shan
AU  - SHI, Yu-jing
AU  - BAO, Lei
AU  - GENG, Zi-han
AU  - GAO, Ying-jie
AU  - LIU, Jian
AU  - LI, Qiong
AU  - CUI, Xiao-lan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - TCM syndrome of plague attack lung is a classification of traditional Chinese medicine syndromes of the novel coronavirus pneumonia by the Beijing Municipal Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine. In this study, a mouse model combining disease with syndrome of human coronavirus pneumonia with cold-dampness pestilence attacking the lung was established for the first time, and the therapeutic effect of matrine sodium chloride injection was evaluated based on immune regulation and inflammatory damage. Lung index, lung index inhibition rate and HE stain were used to evaluate the therapeutic effect of matrine sodium chloride injection on the model mice; the viral load in lung tissue was measured by RT-PCR to evaluate its antiviral effect; the percentage of CD4&lt;sup+ &lt;/supT cells, CD8&lt;sup+ &lt;/supT cells and B cells were detected by flow cytometry to evaluate its immunomodulatory effect; the production of interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-&lt;italic&alpha; &lt;/italic(TNF-&lt;italic&alpha;&lt;/italic) and interferon-&lt;italic&gamma; &lt;/italic(IFN-&lt;italic&gamma;&lt;/italic) were measured by ELISA to evaluate its anti-inflammatory effect. All interventions and operations in the experiment were approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of the Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, and conformed to the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals published by the US National Institutes of Health (NIH) and Beijing Experimental Animal Ethics Committee. The results showed that intraperitoneal injection of the high-dose (36.67 mL&middot;kg&lt;sup-1&lt;/sup&middot;d&lt;sup-1&lt;/sup) and low-dose (18.33 mL&middot;kg&lt;sup-1&lt;/sup&middot;d&lt;sup-1&lt;/sup) of matrine sodium chloride injection significantly improved the pathological damage of lung tissue and reduced lung index. The lung index inhibition rates were 86.86% and 76.53%, respectively. The production of IL-6, IL-10, TNF-&lt;italic&alpha;&lt;/italic, IFN-&lt;italic&gamma;&lt;/italic, as well as the viral load in lung tissue were reduced significantly compared to the model; the percentage of CD4&lt;sup+ &lt;/supT cells, CD8&lt;sup+ &lt;/supT cells and B cells in peripheral blood were increased compared to the model. These results indicated that the matrine sodium chloride injection has an evident therapeutic effect on the model, and its mechanism was related to the inhibition virus replication, regulation of immunity function and inhibition of inflammatory factor release. This study provided laboratory data support for matrine sodium chloride injection which was used to treat the novel coronavirus pneumonia in clinical in Hubei province. These results indicated that the matrine sodium chloride injection has a good prospect for prevention and treatment of the novel coronavirus pneumonia.
JO  - Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 55
IS  - 3
PG  - 366-373
SP  - 366
EP  - 373
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Challenges and countermeasures on Chinese malaria elimination programme during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak
AU  - ZHU, Guo-Ding
AU  - CAO, Jun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since the end of 2019, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been extensively epidemic in China, which not only seriously threatens the safety and health of Chinese people, but also challenges the management of other infectious diseases. Currently, there are still approximately three thousand malaria cases imported into China every year. If the diagnosis and treatment of malaria cases as well as the investigation and response of the epidemic foci are not carried out timely, it may endanger patients&rsquo;lives and cause the possible of secondary transmission, which threatens the achievements of malaria elimination in China. Due to the extensive spread and high transmission ability of the COVID-19, there is a possibility of virus infections among malaria cases during the medical care-seeking behaviors and among healthcare professionals during clinical diagnosis and treatment, sample collection and testing and epidemiological surveys. This paper analyzes the challenges of the COVID-19 for Chinese malaria elimination programme, and proposes the countermeasures in response to the COVID-19 outbreak, so as to provide the reference for healthcare professionals.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Schistosomiasis Control
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 32
IS  - 1
PG  - 7-9
SP  - 7
EP  - 9
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Analysis on the application status of artificial intelligence in COVID-19
AU  - YUAN, Jiajun
AU  - DONG, Bin
AU  - WANG, Hansong
AU  - ZHOU, Min
AU  - TIAN, Dan
AU  - GUO, Weiwei
AU  - LIU, Shijian
AU  - ZHAO, Liebin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, an outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei Province, which has caused wide public concern all through the world. Although artificial intelligence is a priority development fields in recent years, there is no study on the application and effect of AI in this epidemic. Based on the application of AI scenarios in typical cases, the research analyzes the practice and effectiveness of AI in epidemic surveillance, clinical diagnose, public health management and other related scientific research. Besides, combined with the current situation of development, some suggestions are put forward in order to better play the role of artificial intelligence in the public health emergency system in China.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Hospital Administration
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 36
IS  - 0
PG  - E013-E013
SP  - E013
EP  - E013
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Practice of Pharmaceutical Care in Designated Hospital under the Condition of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Epidemic
AU  - CHEN, Jingze
AU  - HU, Mingle
AU  - LUO, Jiawei
AU  - ZHANG, Wei
AU  - ZHANG, Dingyu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE;To shar e the experienc e of pharmaceutical care in Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital &#65288;herein after refers to &ldquo;our hospital &rdquo;&#65289;under the condition of novel coronavirus pneumonia &#65288;COVID-19&#65289;epidemic&#65292;and to provide reference for other hospitals to deal with public health emergencies. METHODS ;The situation of pharmaceutical care in our hospital under the condition of COVID- 19 epidemic was summarized and shared &#65292;including the epidemic prevention and control management &#65288;regional division &#65292;disinfection management &#65292;pharmacy personnel training &#65289;&#65292;supply of drugs and disinfection products &#65292;the monitoring and education of rational drug use by information technology. RESULTS ;The pharmacy department of our hospital divided the activity scope into clean area &#65292;potential pollution risk area &#65292;semi pollution area &#65292;and implement different disinfection management. All pharmacists received training &#65292;involving personal health protection &#65292;prevention and control knowledge of COVID-19&#65292;health status monitoring &#65292;etc. For supply and guarantee of drugs and disinfectants &#65292;the epidemic drug list of our hospital was formulated &#65292;drugs and disinfectants were purchased accurately and stored in a standardized way. 24 h response telephone was set up in the clinical pharmacy room to receive consultation from clinicians on drug use at any time. The drugs mentioned in the COVID- 19 diagnosis scheme were compared in terms of the mechanism of action and the medication of special populations to form a tablet &#65292;so as to help clinical rational choice treatment drug. CONCLUSIONS ;The pharmaceutical care in the designated hospital of COVID- 19 is a professional and complicated work &#65292;involving a wide range of aspects. Pharmacy department must respond actively and adjust the strategy in time so as to play an important role in improving the ability of medical treatment.
JO  - China Pharmacy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 31
IS  - 5
PG  - 536-539
SP  - 536
EP  - 539
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Establishment of Hospital Pharmacy Prevention and Control Strategies for Novel Coronavirus Infection Based on 5M1E Analysis Method
AU  - YING, Yingqiu
AU  - REN, Zhenyu
AU  - SHI, Weilong
AU  - ZHAO, Yue
AU  - YANG, Li
AU  - ZHAO, Rongsheng
AU  - ZHAI, Suodi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE;To provide re ference f or hospital pharmacy prevention and control management during novel coronavirus&#65288;SARS-CoV-2&#65289;infection epidemic period. METHODS ;Based on 5M1E analysis method &#65292;according to the needs of epidemic prevention and control &#65292;it is necessary to analyze the risks of 5 aspects as personnel &#65292;equipment and materials &#65292;methods&#65292; environment&#65292;monitoring of the pharmacy work in hospital &#65292;and establish the prevention and control strategy of hospital pharmacy infection in response to the epidemic situation of novel coronavirus pneumonia &#65288;COVID-19&#65289;according to the corresponding risks. RESULTS &amp; CONCLUSIONS ;Personnel management strategies include carrying out pharmacist prevention and control training &#65292; focusing on physical and mental health of pharmacists during infection prevention and control &#65307;equipment and materials management strategies include strengthening equipment disinfection management and strengthening the management of materials for infection prevention and control &#65307;method management strategies include developing emergency plans for infection prevention and control&#65292;standardizing individual infection prevention and control method &#65307;environment management strategies include environment cleaning and disinfection management &#65292;infection exposure management of related medical material &#65292;medical waste management &#65307; monitoring management strategies include strengthening pharmacists infection monitoring and evaluating pharmacists &rsquo;prevention and control effect. By establishing the strategy for COVID- 19 epidemic prevention and control &#65292;it can effectively guiding pharmacists to carry out epidemic prevention and control.
JO  - China Pharmacy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 31
IS  - 5
PG  - 532-535
SP  - 532
EP  - 535
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel Coronavirus Infection Response ：Prevention and Control Strategies Based on Drug ，Material Supply and Emergency Management
AU  - YANG, Li
AU  - XU, Xiaohan
AU  - CHEN, Chen
AU  - YANG, Guang
AU  - CHEN, Lihua
AU  - HE, Xiaojie
AU  - YANG, Yiheng
AU  - ZHAI, Suodi
AU  - ZHAO, Rongsheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE;To provide drug &#65292;material supp ly and emergency management reference for novel coronavirus &#65288;SARS-CoV-2&#65289;infection in pharmacy staff in hospital. METHODS ;The method of 5M1E was used to analyze the six main factors&#65292;including man &#65292;machine&#65292;material&#65292;method&#65292;environment and measurement of drug &#65292;material supply and emergency management. The relevant prevention and control strategies were put forward. RESULTS &amp; CONCLUSIONS ;In the drug &#65292;material supply and emergency management of epidemic prevention and control &#65292;the man factors were involved &#65292;such as mainly pharmacists from pharmacy departments of medical institutions. At the same time &#65292;the management also involved machine factors such as drug storage&#65292;cleaning and disinfection &#65307;material factors such as emergency drugs &#65292;disinfection products &#65292;in vitro diagnostic reagents &#65292; the guarantee of medicine materials for medical team &#65292;investigational products &#65307;methods factors such as relevant management measures&#65307;environmental factors such as storage environment and facilities &#65307;measurement factors such as drug use &#65292;drug and substance reserve. In view of the above factors &#65292;it is suggested to strengthen the professional knowledge and communication skills training of pharmacists &#65292;and strengthen humanistic care &#65292;so as to improve their post competency &#65292;communication in emergency response and psychological tolerance. Equipment and materials management shall be strengthened &#65292;and equipment maintenance and disinfection shall be done well to ensure normal use of equipment. According to the evidence-based method &#65292;the emergency drug list should be established. According to the disinfection protection requirements &#65292;the disinfection products should be reasonably selected and their quality and sufficient inventory should be ensured. The qualified in vitro diagnostic reagents should be purchased in time. The investigational products should be managed reasonably according to the relevant requirements of clinical trials &#65292;to ensure the drug and material supply of medical team members. Emergency plans and standard operating procedures shall be formulated&#65292;the principle of sympathetic drug use shall be followed &#65292;and the management of off-label drug use and early warning of drug and material shortage shall be done well. Reasonable storage space should be reserved to strengthen environmental monitoring and disinfection. We should strengthen the monitoring and reporting of daily data &#65292;strengthen the quality monitoring &#65292; and accept the independent audit of the third party. Above strategies are helpful to improve the ability of drug supply risk identification and response ability &#65292;and cooperate with the medical team to timely rescue patients.
JO  - China Pharmacy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 31
IS  - 5
PG  - 517-522
SP  - 517
EP  - 522
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Interpretation of Novel Coronavirus Infection ：Expert Consensus on Guidance and Prevention Strategies for Hospi tal Pharmacists and the Pharmacy Workforce
AU  - ZHAO, Rongsheng
AU  - YANG, Yiheng
AU  - YANG, Li
AU  - LI, Zijian
AU  - LIU, Fang
AU  - REN, Zhenyu
AU  - LIU, Wei
AU  - YI, Zhanmiao
AU  - YING, Yingqiu
AU  - LI, Xiaoxiao
AU  - YAN, Yingying
AU  - LI, Huibo
AU  - DONG, Shujie
AU  - SHI, Weilong
AU  - XU, Xiaohan
AU  - ZHOU, Pengxiang
AU  - SONG, Zaiwei
AU  - ZHENG, Siqian
AU  - LIU, Ying
AU  - ZHOU, Shen
AU  - ZHAI, Suodi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE;To provid e reference for pharmaceutical workers to better understand Novel Coronavirus Infection ; Expert Consensus on Guidance and Prevention Strategies for Hospital Pharmacists and the Pharmacy Workforce &#65288;hereinafter referred to as &ldquo;expert consensus &rdquo;&#65289;&#65292;and to apply and practice in specific work &#65292;so as to give full play to the role of pharmacists to help fight the epidemic.METHODS ;The background of the formulation and revision of the expert consensus were introduced &#65292;and its main contents and viewpoints were interpreted. RESULTS &amp; CONCLUSIONS ;The text of expert consensus is divided into 8 parts&#65292;mainly including disease diagnosis and treatment [SARS-CoV- 2 infection related background &#65292;clinical manifestations and diagnosis&#65292; treatment]&#65292;hospital pharmacy &#65288;prevention and control strategy &#65292;work guidance &#65289;&#65292;drug and facility support management&#65288;key drug/facility/equipment support &#65292;management and use of the drug in special circumstances &#65289;&#65292;information sources and related resources &#65292;etc.&#65292;which comprehensively and detailedly provide information &#65292;guidance and strategies for coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 infection prevention and control to play the role of pharmacists in hospital pharmacy well &#65292;do well in the protection of staff in different pharmaceutical posts &#65292;drug security work in response to epidemic situation &#65292;and develop pharmaceutical care. So far&#65292;the understanding of SARS-CoV- 2 in the pharmaceutical industry is relatively limited. Based on the accumulated experience and progress in epidemic prevention and control &#65292;the expert consensus will be updated and improved continuously &#65292;so as to provide guidance and help for hospital pharmaceutical personnel.
JO  - China Pharmacy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 31
IS  - 4
PG  - 385-389
SP  - 385
EP  - 389
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Exposure Protection Countermeasures for Novel Coronavirus Infection in Hospital Pharmaceutical Staff
AU  - YAN, Yingying
AU  - YUAN, Xiaoning
AU  - YANG, Yiheng
AU  - YANG, Li
AU  - LIU, Fang
AU  - ZHAI, Suodi
AU  - ZHAO, Rongsheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE;To pro vide reference for exposure protection countermeasures for Novel coronavirus &#65288;SARS-CoV-2&#65289; infection in hospital pharmaceutical staff. METHODS ;According to the recommendations of related medical staff protection guideline&#65292;combined with the characteristics and prevention and control requirements of novel coronavirus pneumonia &#65288;COVID- 19&#65289;&#65292;based on the basic principle of exposure protection &#65292;actual exposure risk of infections for hospital pharmaceutical staff were evaluated&#65292;and the countermeasures for exposure protection were constructed under the epidemic condition of COVID- 19. RESULTS;According to the standard prevention principle and the risk evaluation of infection exposure &#65292;most of the pharmaceutical posts in the hospital belonged to low-risk exposure posts &#65292;and only a few posts belonged to medium-and high-risk exposure posts. Personal protective equipment should be provided according to the exposure risk level of different pharmaceutical posts and work demand. At the same time &#65292;infection protection training should be strengthened &#65307;environment and facilities in pharmacy should be cleaned and disinfected. CONCLUSIONS ;Standard prevention principle should be followed by hospital pharmaceutical staff during epidemic period. Based on the characteristics and exposure risks of pharmacy posts &#65292;and according to the regulations of the hospital&#65292;personal protection for hospital pharmaceutical staff should be conducted according to the exposure risk level determined by the pharmaceutical department and relevant management regulations to avoid over-protection or inadequate protection &#65292;so as to ensure the smooth and safe development of pharmaceutical care.
JO  - China Pharmacy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 31
IS  - 5
PG  - 523-527
SP  - 523
EP  - 527
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Evidence-based Pharmaceutical Practice Responding for Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Epidemic
AU  - YI, Zhanmiao
AU  - GUO, Hao
AU  - QI, Shibo
AU  - ZHOU, Tiantian
AU  - ZHAO, Rongsheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE;To p rovide reference for related pharmacy work for developing evidence-based pharmacy information support to respond for novel coronavirus pneumonia &#65288;COVID-19&#65289; epidemic. METHODS ;The PubMed&#65292;CNKI and Wanfang database were consulted to obtain treatment progress of COVID-19&#65292;prohibited for use with lopinavir/ritonavir and adverse drug reactionas until February 12&#65292;2020&#65307;so were package insert and UpToDate at the same time. Those information were summarized and evaluated. RESULTS &amp; CONCLUSIONS ;Totally 14 literatures introduced chemical drugs for COVID- 19&#65292;involving 7 categories&#65292; 20 kinds of chemical drugs as antiviral drugs &#65288;interferon &alpha;/interferon &alpha;-2 &beta; &#65292; lopinavir/litonavir&#65292; etc.&#65289;&#65292; immunomodulatory agents &#65288;such as glucocorticoid &#65292;gamma globulin &#65289;&#65292;antimalarial drugs &#65288;such as chloroquine phosphate &#65289;. The existing evidence of drug treatment mainly comes from in vitro cell test or currently progressing RCT &#65292;with low-level evidence and recommendation intensity &#65288;Oxford evidence level is level 5&#65292;recommendation intensity is level D &#65289;. For lopinavir/ritonavir that recommended in the diagnosis and treatment recommendations for COVID- 19 published by the National Health Commission &#65292;it is a CYP3A inhibitor &#65292;which resulted in increased plasma concentrations of some medications such as antiarrhythmic drugs &#65292;antitumor targeted drugs and antibacterial drugs &#65292;and should not be used in combination with drugs such as afzosin &#65292;ivabradine&#65292;amiodarone&#65292; etc. Its common adverse reactions mainly involved igestive system &#65288;diarrhea&#65292;taste disorders &#65292;vomiting&#65292;etc.&#65289;&#65292;respiratory system &#65288;upper respiratory tract infection &#65289;&#65292;endocrine and metabolic system &#65288;hypercholesterolemia&#65292;etc.&#65289;&#65292;skin and its appendents &#65288;skin rash&#65289;&#65292;which should be monitored clinically.
JO  - China Pharmacy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 31
IS  - 5
PG  - 527-531
SP  - 527
EP  - 531
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Construction of Integrated Emergency Management Model for Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Epidemic Prevention and Control in Hospital Pharmacy Department
AU  - DONG, Shujie
AU  - YANG, Li
AU  - CHEN, Chen
AU  - KONG, Xianwei
AU  - CAI, Zheng
AU  - DU, Yawei
AU  - LIU, Fang
AU  - ZHU, Jinping
AU  - JIANG, Hua
AU  - HUANG, Jing
AU  - ZHANG, Xianhua
AU  - WEN, Jian
AU  - LI, Xue
AU  - HAN, Tao
AU  - GUO, Hongying
AU  - CUI, Jing
AU  - SHUAI, Yuan
AU  - LI, Jing
AU  - YAN, Yingying
AU  - LIU, Wei
AU  - LI, Huibo
AU  - YANG, Yiheng
AU  - LI, Zijian
AU  - ZHAO, Rongsheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE; To provide reference for improving emergency capacity of the hospital pharmacy department in response to the novel coronavirus pneumonia &#65288;COVID-19&#65289; epidemic. METHODS ;According to the related regulations and requirements of Law of the People &rsquo;s Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases &#65292;combined with the situation of COVID- 19 epidemic prevention and control &#65292;and management experience of relevant hospitals &#65292;on the basis of in-depth analysis of drug supply and quality assurance &#65292;drug dispensing management &#65292;provision of clinical pharmaceutical services and other related material support of hospital pharmacy department&#65292;integrated emergency management model was constructed for COVID- 19 epidemic prevention and control &#65292;and the precautions and response measures of each link were sorted out. RESULTS ;Integruted emergency management mode for COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control in hospital pharmacy department included but was not limited to human resource management&#65292;drug and disinfection products supply management &#65288;mainly including key treatment drugs and disinfection product list formulation&#65292;control&#65292;inventory increase &#65292;etc.&#65289;&#65307;drug dispensing management &#65288;mainly including prescription &#65292;pharmacy window &#65292; planning quantitative reserve &#65292; drug return &#65292; etc.&#65289;&#65307;clinical pharmaceutical care management &#65288;mainly including providing pharmaceutical information support &#65292;online pharmaceutical service &#65292;monitoring drug safety &#65292;etc.&#65289;&#65307;personnel protection and disinfection &#65288;mainly including personnel protection &#65292;environment and window &#65292;equipment and container &#65292;paper prescription disinfection&#65292;etc.&#65289;&#65307;special management of donated drugs &#65307;prevention and control knowledge training &#65307;pharmaceutical education and scientific research management &#65292;etc. CONCLUSIONS ;The integrated emergency management model for epidemic prevention and control is helpful for hospital pharmacy to manage public health emergencies. During the outbreak of COVID- 19&#65292;hospital pharmacy department should start integrated emergency management mode for epidemic prevention and control &#65292;strengthen the risk control of each link &#65292;and play a good role in the key functional departments in the special period.
JO  - China Pharmacy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 31
IS  - 5
PG  - 513-517
SP  - 513
EP  - 517
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemiological investigation of the first reported case of coronavirus disease 2019（COVID-19）in Zhejiang Province
AU  - LING, Feng
AU  - LIU, Shelan
AU  - NI, Chaorong
AU  - PAN, Jinren
AU  - LIU, Ying
AU  - CHEN, Enfu
AU  - YU, Xianghua
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective. To conduct an epidemiological investigation on the first reported case of coronavirus disease 2019 &#65288;COVID-19&#65289; in Zhejiang Province, so as to provide reference for prevention and control of the disease.Methods .According to the COVID-19 Diagnosis and Treatment Program &#65288;Trial&#65289; and the COVID-19 Prevention and Control Program &#65288;Trial&#65289; issued by National Health Commission of China, a field investigation was employed on a case of fever from Wuhan reported by Wenzhou in January 15, 2020; the real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction &#65288;RT-PCR&#65289; assay was performed to detect the nucleic acid of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 &#65288;SARS-CoV-2&#65289; from the sputum specimens or throat swabs of the case; the close contacts of the case were tracked down; relevant prevention and control measures were implemented. Results .The case had lived in Wuhan for long. On January 4 of 2020, he felt cold and uncomfortable without obvious inducement, and drove back to Wenzhou with his wife. He had fever &#65288;up to 39 &#8451;&#65289;, cough and expectoration on the next day. On January 9, the chest computed tomographic &#65288;CT&#65289; scan showed bilateral high-density patchy shadowing with blurred edges. On January 16, his throat swab and sputum samples were collected and sent to Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention &#65288;CDC&#65289; for detection of SARS-CoV-2. The result turned out to be positive on January 17, then was rechecked and confirmed by Chinese CDC on January 20. Two weeks before the onset of the disease, the patient was engaged in the door-to-door persuasion of installing elevators in an old residential area of Wuhan, and he denied any connection with other COVID-19 cases,markets,&#65288;sick or dead&#65289; poultry or poultry products. Totally 26 close contacts were identified and kept in quarantine. During this period,three of them developed fever or respiratory symptoms, but were excluded from COVID-19. On the afternoon of January 16,the health system of Zhejiang Province and Wenzhou City launched an emergency plan and implemented a series of prevention and control measures such as isolation and treatment of cases,screening and isolation of close contacts,and public health education. Conclusion .According to the epidemiological history,clinical features and laboratory test Results,the patient was identified as the first reported case of COVID-19 in Zhejiang Province.
JO  - Journal of Preventive Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 32
IS  - 2
PG  - 109-112
SP  - 109
EP  - 112
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical Manifestation of Severe Cases with COVID-19
AU  - SHI, Yun-feng
AU  - SHI, Xiao-han
AU  - LI, Shi-wen
AU  - WANG, Yan-hong
AU  - HU, Jia-jia
AU  - BA, Jun-hui
AU  - XU, Wen-xiong
AU  - WU, Ben-quan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective&#12305;To explore the clinical manifestation of COVID- 19 severe cases.&#12304;Methods&#12305;Clinical data of one severe case with COVID-19 including the clinical characteristic &#65292;laboratory testing results&#65292;radiography&#65292;treatment&#65292;complication and outcome of the patient were retrospectively collected and analyzed.&#12304;Results&#12305; The patient with COVID-19 was a 61-year old male&#65292;He suffered with underlying disease. His symptoms included fever&#65292;cough&#65292;myalgia&#65292; fatigue&#65292;and dyspnea. Laboratory testing results included normal WBC count&#65292;decreased lymphocyte cells&#65292;elevated LDH and hypoxemia. Radiography findings showed bilateral lung infiltration. His condition deteriorated after intensive treatment for one week. He was intubated and treated with mechanical ventilation because of complicating with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome&#65288;ARDS&#65289;.&#12304;Conclusion&#12305;COVID-19 is an emerging acute communicable disease&#65292;which lack specific and effective treatment. Most patients have a good prognosis but mortality in severe cases is high. More attention should be paid on the high risk of progression in COVID-19 cases.
JO  - Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Medical Sciences)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 2
PG  - 184-190
SP  - 184
EP  - 190
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Application of pulmonary ultrasound in the diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia in neonates
AU  - FENG, Xiaoyuan
AU  - TAO, Xuwei
AU  - ZENG, Lingkong
AU  - WANG, Weiqi
AU  - LI, Gen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To investigate the application of pulmonary ultrasound in the diagnosis of neonatal novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19). Methods In this retrospective study, the clinical data of 5 infants, who were admitted to the Department of Neonatology in Wuhan Children's hospital from 31 th January to 25 th February 2020, were collected. Bedside pulmondary ultrasound was conducted on admission, during the hospitalization, and before discharge, and the result were compared with the chest X-ray or CT done at the same time. Results Among the 5 cases who aged 1-18 days, 3 were male. The main clinical manifestations were respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms. The pulmonary ultrasonography on admission showed abnormal pleural line and pulmonary edema of different severity in all 5 cases, presented as increase and fusion of B-line, and pulmonary interstitial syndrome; among them, one case also had a small-range consolidation. The chest CT on admission showed no obvious parenchymal infiltration in 2 cases, small strip or patchy high-density shadow in 2 cases, and ground glass change in one case. The re-examination of ultrosound during the hospitalization and at discharge showed improvement in all cases and were consistent with the chest X-ray taken at the sametime. Conclusions The main changes on the pulmonary ultrasonography in neonates with COVID-19 pneumonia are increase and fusion of B-line, abnormal pleural line, and nalveolar interstitial syndrome, and may combined with small range of pulmonary consolidation. The sensitivity of pulmonary ultrasound is higher than chest X-ray and CT in the diagnosis of pulmonary edema, and could be used in monitoring and evaluation of the disease.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Pediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 58
IS  - 5
PG  - E013-E013
SP  - E013
EP  - E013
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical analysis of risk factors for severe patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - LING, Yun
AU  - LIN, Yixiao
AU  - QIAN, Zhiping
AU  - HUANG, Dan
AU  - ZHANG, Dandan
AU  - LI, Tao
AU  - LIU, Min
AU  - SONG, Shuli
AU  - WANG, Jun
AU  - ZHANG, Yuyi
AU  - XU, Shuibao
AU  - CHEN, Jun
AU  - ZHANG, Jianliang
AU  - ZHU, Tongyu
AU  - HU, Bijie
AU  - WANG, Sheng
AU  - MAO, Enqiang
AU  - ZHU, Lei
AU  - LU, Hongzhou
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To analyze the clinical features of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Shanghai and to investigate the risk factors for disease progression to severe cases. Methods The clinical data of 292 adult patients with COVID-19 hospitalized in Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center from January 20, 2020 to February 10, 2020 were retrospectively analyzed, including 21 severe patients and 271 mild patients. The demographic characteristics, epidemiological history, history of underlying diseases and laboratory examinations were compared between the two groups. Measurement data were compared using t test or Mann-Whitney U test. The count data were compared using hi-square test. The binary logistic regression equation was used to analyze the risk factors for the progression of patients to severe cases. Results Among the 292 patients, 21 were severe cases with the rate of 7.2% (21/292). One patient died, and the mortality rate was 4.8% in severe patients. The severe patients aged (65.0&plusmn;15.7) years old, 19 (90.5%) were male, 11 (52.4%) had underlying diseases, 7 (33.3%) had close relatives diagnosed with COVID-19. The mild patients aged (48.7&plusmn;15.7) years old, 135 (49.8%) were male, 74 (27.3%) had underlying diseases, 36 (13.3%) had close relatives diagnosed with COVID-19. The differences between two groups were all significant statistically ( t =-4.730, &chi; 2 =12.930, 5.938 and 4.744, respectively, all P &lt;0.05). Compared with the mild patients, the levels of absolute numbers of neutrophils, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, creatinine, serum cystatin C, C reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin , D -dimer, pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (proBNP), serum myoglobin, creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB), serum troponin I (cTnI) in severe patients were all significantly higher ( U =2 091.5, 1 928.0, 1 215.5, 729.0, 1 580.5, 1 375.5, 917.5, 789.5, 1 209.0, 1 434.0, 638.0, 964.5, 1 258.0 and 1 747.5, respectively, all P &lt;0.05), while the levels of lymphocyte count, albumin, transferrin, CD3 + T lymphocyte count, CD8 + T lymphocyte count and CD4 + T lymphocyte count in severe patients were all significantly lower ( U =1 263.5, t =4.716, U =1 214.0, 962.0, 1 167.5 and 988.0, respectively, all P &lt;0.05). Further logistic regression analysis showed that the albumin (odds ratio ( OR )=0.806, 95% CI 0.675-0.961), CRP ( OR =1.016, 95% CI 1.000-1.032), serum myoglobin ( OR =1.010, 95% CI 1.004-1.016), CD3 + T lymphocyte count ( OR =0.996, 95% CI 0.991-1.000) and CD8 + T lymphocyte count ( OR =1.006, 95% CI 1.001-1.010) at admission were independent risk factors for the progression of COVID-19 patients to severe illness (all P &lt;0.05). Conclusions Severe cases of patients with COVID-19 in Shanghai are predominantly elderly men with underlying diseases. Albumin, CRP, serum myoglobin, CD3 + T lymphocyte count and CD8 + T lymphocyte count could be used as early warning indicators for severe cases, which deserve more clinical attention.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 38
IS  - 0
PG  - E023-E023
SP  - E023
EP  - E023
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemiological characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019（COVID-19）cases in Zhoushan
AU  - TANG, An
AU  - TONG, Zhendong
AU  - LI, Kefeng
AU  - LI, Peng
AU  - WANG, Hongling
AU  - DAI, Yaxin
AU  - YU, Menglu
AU  - ZHANG, Yongli
AU  - YAN, Jianbo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective .To study the epidemiological characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 &#65288;COVID-19&#65289; in Zhoushan, so as to provide reference for improving the prevention and control capability of COVID-19.Methods .All the confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Zhoushan, diagnosed according to China&rsquo;s &ldquo;COVID-19 diagnosis and treatment plan &#65288;fifth version&#65289; &rdquo; and reported from January 19 to February 17, 2020, were extracted from the infectious disease surveillance system. Data of general information, clinical characteristics, laboratory Results, transmission and detection routes were collected and analyzed. Results .By February 17, Ten confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Zhoushan had been reported, including 7 males and 3 females. They were all adults, with an average age of &#65288;50.90&plusmn;15.00&#65289; years. Five cases were discharged. The incubation period ranged from 2 to 12 days, with a median of 5 days. The first symptoms were fever &#65288;8 cases&#65289;, cough &#65288;7 cases&#65289; and muscle pain &#65288;2 cases&#65289;. Chest computed tomographic &#65288;CT&#65289; scans showed ground glass opacities in the lungs of all the cases. Six cases had Wuhan related exposure. SARS-CoV-2 was tested positive in the sputum specimens or throat swabs of all the cases and the faeces of 4 cases. The last suspicious exposure of 5 cases occurred before, and that of another 5 cases occurred after the onset of clinical symptoms in the confirmed maternal cases. Three cases were found in active consultation after clinical symptoms, and another 7 cases were found in the monitoring of close contacts.Conclusions .The 10 confirmed cases of COVID-19 reported in Zhoushan are all adults, and most have Wuhan related exposure. SARS-CoV-2 can be detected in the fecal samples, but the existence of fecal-oral transmission needs more research. SARS-CoV-2 has strong infectivity, and may also have infectivity before the onset of symptoms &#65288;at the end of incubation period&#65289;. Isolation and early detection of close contacts are conducive for early case-finding.
JO  - Journal of Preventive Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 32
IS  - 2
PG  - 113-116
SP  - 113
EP  - 116
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemiological characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in Zhejiang Province
AU  - LIN, Junfen
AU  - WU, Mengna
AU  - WU, Haocheng
AU  - ZHANG, Tao
AU  - WU, Chen
AU  - LI, Fudong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective .To learn the epidemiological characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases reported from January 21 to February 20,2020 in Zhejiang Province,so as to provide basis for formulating and implementing effective control measures.Methods .The COVID-19 cases reported by Zhejiang Province were extracted from the National Diseases Prevention and Control Information System. A descriptive analysis was adopted for the epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 cases,including time,spatial and population distribution,severity of symptoms, and exposure history. Results .Totally 1 284 cases were reported,of which 1 176 were confirmed cases (91.59%) and 108 were asymptomatic cases (8.41%). The first confirmed case was reported on January 21. The curve of the disease onset peaked from January 22 to 29, with 87 cases as the biggest number a day. The curve of the disease reported peaked from January 28 to 30, with 130 cases as the biggest number a day. Then the number of the cases showed a declining trend. By February 4, totally 79 counties (cities, districts) had confirmed cases, covering 87.78% of Zhejiang Province, and it has not increase since then. A male to female ratio of 1.02&#8758;1 was reported among 1 284 cases,1 021 were 30-69 years old (79.52%) and 339 (26.40%) were business service providers. There were 11 health workers reported to be infected,but not by occupational exposure. Among the confirmed cases, 1 010 (85.88%) were clinically mild cases. One case died. Before January 23, the cases were mainly imported from Hubei Province, local cases were predominant by the end of January. Conclusions .The COVID-19 epidemic has spread widely in Zhejiang Province and people are generally susceptible. Most cases were clinically mild, and were aged 30-69 years. No health workers infected were due to occupational exposure. The incidence of COVID-19 in Zhejiang Province has turned into a lower level,suggesting that the early prevention and control measures have achieved initial results. With people returning from holiday, precise prevention and control should be put into effect.
JO  - Journal of Preventive Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 32
IS  - 3
PG  - 217-223
SP  - 217
EP  - 223
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A case of coronavirus disease 2019 with tuberculous meningitis
AU  - WANG, Liang
AU  - CAI, Jia
AU  - LUO, Huating
AU  - GUAN, Hongzhi
AU  - WANG, Hongzhi
AU  - HUANG, Cheng
AU  - ZHOU, Fachun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Novel coronavirus pneumonia, also known as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is caused by a new coronavirus that infects the lungs. Although some patients with COVID-19 may be combined with neurological symptoms, there is no direct evidence that this new coronavirus can directly invade nerve system. A case of COVID-19 with tuberculous meningitis is reported to remind that when patients with COVID-19 present symptom of encephalitis or meningitis, a comprehensive pathogen examination is recommended.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Neurology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 53
IS  - 0
PG  - E004-E004
SP  - E004
EP  - E004
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical characteristics of novel coronavirus pneumonia in organ transplant recipients and management strategy during the epidemic (1st edition)
AU  - JU, Chunrong
AU  - LI, Ning
AU  - QIU, Tao
AU  - XUE, Wujun
AU  - SHI, Bingyi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, a number of cases of pneumonia with unknown causes were successively reported in multiple hospitals in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China. The pathogen is a novel coronavirus, which can lead to novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) and even threaten the patients' lives. In the following, the COVID-19 epidemic is spreading rapidly in many provinces and cities. It is particularly important to summarize and analyze the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in solid organ transplantation (SOT) recipients and to optimize the prevention, early diagnosis and treatment strategies. Therefore, we organized Chinese experts in the field of organ transplantation to draft this article according to the characteristics of lung infection of SOT recipients and the characteristics of current COVID-19 by referring to relevant guidelines and specifications at home and abroad, aiming to provide reference for transplant physicians in China. This management strategy will be revised at any time with the deepening understanding of the COVID-19 infection.
JO  - Organ Transplantation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 11
IS  - 2
PG  - 185-null
SP  - 185
EP  - null
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Guidelines for organ donation and transplantation in China during novel coronavirus pneumonia epidemic
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, a novel coronavirus pneumonia outbreak in Hubei Province spread rapidly to many provinces and cities. As organ transplantation is in the stage of high-quality development in China, how to carry out organ donation and transplantation in a scientific and orderly manner during the severe epidemic, summarize and analyze the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 on organ transplant recipients, and optimize the prevention, early diagnosis and treatment strategies of COVID-19 to ensure medical safety is essential to the development of organ transplantation and the treatment of the patients with end-stage organ failure as well as the overall situation of the prevention and control of COVID-19 epidemic. Thus, based on the instructions of the National Health Committee, the guidelines are issued by several experts organized by Branch of Organ Transplantation of Chinese Medical Association, providing help to the workers and managers of organ donation and transplantation in China. Approved by the Standing Committee of Branch of Organ Transplantation of Chinese Medical Association, the guidelines adopt the 'expert advice', 'prevention and control strategies' and 'guidance' published in China for reference, and will be revised upon changes of the further understanding of COVID-19 and epidemic control situation.
JO  - Organ Transplantation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 11
IS  - 2
PG  - 179-null
SP  - 179
EP  - null
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Thoughts and Advices on Performing Procedures in Surgery During the Outbreak of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia
AU  - CHEN, Wei
AU  - HUANG, Mei-jin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - bSince the outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia&#65288;coronavirus disease 2019&#65292;COVID- 19&#65289;in 2019&#65292;it has had a serious impact on the normal work and life of the people because of its strong infectivity&#65292;high susceptibility&#65292;long incubation period and diversified clinical manifestations. In this epidemic situation&#65292;clinicians should master the clinical manifestations and epidemiological characteristics of novel coronavirus pneumonia &#65292;comply with the diagnosis and treatment guidelines of novel coronavirus pneumonia&#65292;carry out the diagnosis and treatment classification of surgical diseases well&#65292;reasonably select surgical methods&#65307;while optimizing the process of diagnosis&#65292;treatment and nursing&#65292;the protective measures should be taken according to different risk grades.
JO  - Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Medical Sciences)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 2
PG  - 180-183
SP  - 180
EP  - 183
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Investiagation of possible mechanism of eye transmission of SARS-CoV-2 based on SARS-CoV
AU  - Niu, Fu-Lai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - bSARS-CoV-2 has been spreading rapidly since its outbreak in December 2019.Understanding its epidemiological characteristics, especially cutting off transmission routes, is crucial to controlling the spread of the disease. In the study of transmission pathway, the issue of whether SARS-CoV-2 is transmitted through ocular surface tissue has also aroused concerns, but there are still no clinically confirmed cases and laboratory evidence of its infection through ocular surface tissue. New research suggests that the SARS-CoV-2 belongs to the same genus as SARS coronavirus(SARS-CoV), and that it enters cells in the same way as SARS-CoV. This paper reviews the research on SARS-CoV to investigate the possible mechanism of eye transmission of SARS-CoV-2.
JO  - International Eye Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 20
IS  - 4
PG  - 729-732
SP  - 729
EP  - 732
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment and rehabilitation for Coronavirus Disease 2019
AU  - YOU, Benming
AU  - WANG, Zhongzhuang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Based on national health insurance policy, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) clinical practice and newly revealed pathological changes in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), the early TCM utilization was recommended to promote blood circulation and protect respiratory system. The fermented Ophiocordyceps powder preparations (Bailing tablets or capsules) are the top choice to inhibit the cytokine storm, relieve lung fibrosis and kidney damage.
JO  - Journal of Pharmaceutical Practice
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 38
IS  - 2
PG  - 101-104
SP  - 101
EP  - 104
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Caution of coronavirus transmission through ocular surface
AU  - Song, Jin-Xin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - At present, the new coronavirus(COVID-19)epidemic is spreading rapidly in Wuhan city Hubei province of China, and has aroused great attention of the international community. There have been clues that the conjunctiva may be one of the entries for the new coronavirus(SARS-CoV-2). In the absence of clinical evidence on ocular infection with SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, understanding the mechanism and cell receptors of coronavirus transmission through ocular surface and the transmission characteristics of homologous coronavirus can provide some suggestions for appropriately ocular protection and identify COVID-19 coexisting with ocular signs for ophthalmologists during this epidemic disease.
JO  - International Eye Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 20
IS  - 4
PG  - 726-728
SP  - 726
EP  - 728
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Diagnosis and Clinical Management of Severe 2019 Novel Coronavirus（2019n-CoV） Infection：Recommendations of The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University（V 1.0）
AU  - University, Medical Panel of the First Affiliated Hospital of SunYat-sen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - An outbreak of new infectious disease caused by novel coronavirus &#65288;COVID- 19&#65289;started in China last year&#65292;which mainly leads to pulmonary injuries. The medical workers of the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University quickly responded to the calls and three medical teams had been dispatched to epidemic area to join the fight against the novel coronavirus. The team creatively established the advanced life support units in general wards in order to rescue the critically ill patients. Hundreds of severe cases had been diagnosed and treated by our medical teams. To standardize the diagnosis and treatment of this new infectious disease &#65292;especially the severe cases&#65292;guidelines for the diagnosis and management of COVID-19 is compiled by the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University.
JO  - Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Medical Sciences)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 2
PG  - 161-173
SP  - 161
EP  - 173
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cure and mortality trend in the early outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China
AU  - TAN, Xiao jie
AU  - QIAN, Zhi jun
AU  - ZHANG, Hong wei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - [Objective] To investigate the cure and mortality trend in the early outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China, enhance the entire epidemiological knowledge about COVID-19, screen the more effective evaluation indicators, and supply the solid evidence for assessing the prevention and control measures and input-output. [Methods] The daily new confirmed cases, the cumulative cure and death cases in China and Hubei Province and outside Hubei Province, which were reported officially from January 20, 2020 to February 20, 2020, were collected to calculate the fatality rate, the ratio of the numbers of cumulative cure cases to cumulative death cases, et al, and to make the epidemiological description. [Results] Till Feb 20, 2020, the fatality rate of COVID-19 in Hubei Province was 3.42%, which was a little higher than that of the global country (2.96%). The fatality rate of COVID-19 outside Hubei Province in China was 0.71%. The trends on the indexes, including the daily new cure cases, daily new death and the ratio of cumulative cure cases to cumulative death, in Hubei Province and the whole country was highly consistent, while the significant difference existed between Hubei Province and outside Hubei Province in China. The daily ratio of cumulative cure cases to cumulative death in Hubei Province (the global country) exhibited the U trend, which reached to the lowest point on Jan 27 and subsequently grew more rapidly after Feb 5. [Conclusion] The ratio of cumulative cure cases to cumulative death was easier and effective to reflect the outbreak situation than other absolute indexes like the daily new cure cases or death. Since Feb 5, 2020, the daily cure status of COVID-19 was superior to the daily death, which indicated the effectiveness of series of the joint defense and control measures from our government and society. However, plenty of challenges exist when recovering the normal production and life if the epidemic reaches to be sustainably defensed and controlled.
JO  - Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 32
IS  - 0
PG  - E068-E068
SP  - E068
EP  - E068
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Comparing the process of early control of government between H7N9 avian influenza in Shanghai in 2013 and COVID-19 in Wuhan in 2019
AU  - LUO, Li
AU  - BAI, Ge
AU  - DAI, Rui ming
AU  - WANG, Qian
AU  - ZHU, Huan huan
AU  - LIU, Xin
AU  - WU, Ping
AU  - ZHANG, Tian Tian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - [Objective] To analyze and judge the possibility of early control in Shanghai if COVID-19 begins in Shanghai. [Methods] Compare the process of early control of H7N9 avian influenza in Shanghai in 2013 and Wuhan COVID-19 in 2019. The early incidence data of Korean COVID-19 was simulated and analyzed to predict whether the medical resources needed in Shanghai were available. [Results] (1) It would take 22 days from the first case to the government's emergency response in terms of Shanghai. (2) It is estimated that there would be 602-763 patients with cumulative onset and onset after incubation period. (3) At least 500 beds of infectious diseases can be allocated in Shanghai in case of emergency. Through adding beds and resources reallocation in the whole city, patients can be fully admitted and treated. [Conclusion] If COVID-19 epidemic occurs in Shanghai, early control is possible.
JO  - Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 32
IS  - 0
PG  - E069-E069
SP  - E069
EP  - E069
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Psychological Support for Medical Rescue Teams in Emergencies
AU  - LI, Tong
AU  - YANG, Wei-rui
AU  - ZHENG, Xia-bing
AU  - YANG, Xiao-yu
AU  - GUAN, Nian-hong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Emergencies refer to those events that cause serious social harm, including natural disasters and public health events, and require emergency response. Medical rescue team is the main emergency rescue team. While carrying out the rescue mission, they are under great pressure both physically and mentally due to the unadaptability of the rescue environment, the lack of protective materials, overwork and other reasons, often resulting in fear, tension, anxiety, pessimism, self-blame and even acute stress disorder. Without timely and effective psychological support, long-term psychological problems such as post-traumatic stress disorder will remain after the event. Comprehensive psychological support includes psychological measurement of the whole rescue process, team formation before rescue and detailed psychological support intervention training, self-relaxation during rescue, basic life and safety guarantee, drug treatment, online psychological assistance, withdrawal of stressors after rescue and lifestyle reconstruction.
JO  - Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Medical Sciences)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 2
PG  - 174-179
SP  - 174
EP  - 179
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Comunicado a la opinión pública uso de Hidroxicloroquina
AU  - Sociedad paraguaya de, Oftalmologia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1p-1p
SP  - 1p
EP  - 1p
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/vqp29
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Comunicado al público en general
AU  - Sociedad Paraguaya de Ingeniería, Biomédica
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 2 p-2 p
SP  - 2 p
EP  - 2 p
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/9t53d
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Plano de contingência estadual para infecção humana pelo novo Coronavírus (2019-nCoV) no Pará
AU  - Pará . Secretaria de, Saúde
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://portalarquivos2.saude.gov.br/images/pdf/2020/fevereiro/13/PLANO-DE-CONTINGENCIA-novo-coronavirus-PAR---EM-REVIS--O.pdf http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/refxy
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Flujograma de manejo en la paciente embarazada en el contexto de IRA
AU  - Ministerio de Salud Publica y Bienestar, Social
AU  - Sociedad Paraguaya de Obstetricia y, Ginecologìa
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 2 p-2 p
SP  - 2 p
EP  - 2 p
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.mspbs.gov.py/guia-de-manejo-clinico-covid19.html
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Higiene de establecimientos de salud y afines
AU  - Ministerio de Salud Pública y Bienestar, Social
AU  - Dirección General de Vigilancia de la, Salud
AU  - Dirección de Vigilancia de Enfermedades, Transmisibles
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 55 p-55 p
SP  - 55 p
EP  - 55 p
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.mspbs.gov.py/dependencias/portal/adjunto/ebdd73-HIGIENEHOSPITALARIAPNIAAS.pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Orientaciones para el manejo, traslado y disposición final de cadáveres generados ante la introducción del SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Ministerio de Salud Pública y Bienestar, Social
AU  - Dirección General de Vigilancia de la, Salud
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 7 p-7 p
SP  - 7 p
EP  - 7 p
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Guia técnica de prevención y control de infecciones durante la atención sanitaria de casos sospechosos o confirmados de COVID-19
AU  - Ministerio de Salud Pùblica y Bienestar, Social
AU  - Dirección de Vigilancia de Enfermedades, Transmisibles
AU  - Dirección General de Vigilancia de la, Salud
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 30p-30p
SP  - 30p
EP  - 30p
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.mspbs.gov.py/dependencias/portal/adjunto/2cf2cb-Prevencinycontroldeinfecciones23.03.pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Equipos de Protección Individual (EPI) Categorización de riesgo de acuerdo al nivel de atención
AU  - Ministerio de Salud Pùblica y Bienestar, Social
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1p-1p
SP  - 1p
EP  - 1p
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.mspbs.gov.py/dependencias/portal/adjunto/7289bf-EquiposdeProteccinIndividualEPI.pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - CORONAVIRUS COVID-19 Manejo Clínico en Pediatría
AU  - Ministerio de Salud Pùblica y Bienestar, Social
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 38 p-38 p
SP  - 38 p
EP  - 38 p
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.mspbs.gov.py/dependencias/portal/adjunto/850c83-COVID19ManejoenPediatra25.03.2020.pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Campaña coronavirus acciones inmediatas en las escuelas de la nación paraguaya
AU  - Ministerio de Educación y, Ciencias
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10 p-10 p
SP  - 10 p
EP  - 10 p
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/53ena
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Plano estadual de contingência para emergência em saúde pública: infecção humana pelo SARS-CoV-2 (Doença pelo Coronavirus - COVID-2019)
AU  - Minas Gerais . Secretaria da, Saúde
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Em 31 de dezembro de 2019, na cidade de Wuhan, Província de Hubei, China, foi notificado um aglomerado de 27 casos de síndrome respiratória aguda (SRA) de etiologia desconhecida, dos quais sete apresentaram evolução clínica grave. Os casos possuíam vínculo epidemiológico entre si e exposição a um mercado de produtos marinhos. Foi aventada a possibilidade de transmissão por meio do contato com animais marinhos manipulados no mercado. Inicialmente observado como um evento limitado à cidade de Wuhan, o número de casos e óbitos aumentou rapidamente e disseminou-se para outras províncias chinesas. O governo chinês adotou, então, medidas de contenção e isolamento de cidades no intuito de mitigar o evento. Pesquisadores chineses conseguiram identificar o provável causador da SRA: um novo coronavírus, denominado inicialmente como 2019­nCoV. Atualmente chamado SARS-CoV-2. A doença é chamada COVID-2019 (do inglês: CO=Corona, VI=Vírus, D=Disease). Em 30/01/2020, diante da realidade de disseminação mundial do novo coronavírus, que naquele momento já havia sido notificado em 18 países, além da China, e com transmissão pessoa a pessoa confirmada em três deles, a Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) declarou o evento como Emergência de Saúde Pública de Importância Internacional (ESPII). Enfatizou a necessidade, urgente, de estudos que identificassem a fonte da infecção, a forma de transmissão, o sequenciamento genético do vírus para o desenvolvimento de vacinais e medicamentos antivirais, bem como o fortalecimento da preparação e resposta ao novo evento, especialmente nos países e regiões mais vulneráveis. Em 03 de fevereiro de 2020 foi declarada Emergência em Saúde Pública de Importância Nacional (ESPIN) em decorrência da infecção humana pelo novo Coronavírus (SARS-CoV-2): Portaria GM/MS Nº188, 03/02/2020. Este Plano trata-se de documento dinâmico e poderá ser alterado conforme necessidade, novas descobertas científicas e alterações no cenário nacional e internacional.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://portalarquivos2.saude.gov.br/images/pdf/2020/fevereiro/13/PLANO-DE-CONTINGENCIA-novo-coronavirus-MINAS-GERAIS-EM-REVIS--O.pdf http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/c9zzb
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The 2019 novel corona virus outbreak - An institutional guideline
AU  - Suresh, V.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Indian Journal of Anaesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 64
IS  - 3
PG  - 242-243
SP  - 242
EP  - 243
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4103/ija.IJA_104_20
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L631305337 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ija.IJA_104_20
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Shelter hospital mode: how to prevent novel coronavirus infection 2019 (COVID-19) hospital-acquired infection?
AU  - Yang, Yong
AU  - Wang, Hailian
AU  - Chen, Kang
AU  - Zhou, Jun
AU  - Deng, Shaoping
AU  - Wang, Yi
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/ice.2020.97
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/shelter-hospital-mode-how-to-prevent-novel-coronavirus-infection-2019-covid19-hospitalacquired-infection/5FEB2FF48C2514630B3722C26C8A1F61
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Fast nosocomial spread of SARS-CoV2 in a French geriatric unit Lyon Study Group on Covid-19 infection*
AU  - Vanhems, Philippe
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - Lyon Study Group on Covid19 infection (Geriatric section- Alphabetic order): Adrait, A, Benoist F, Castel-Kremer E, Chuzeville M, Dupin AC, Doh S, Kim B, Favrelle L, Hilliquin D, Kanafer N, Marion E, Martin-Gaujard G, Moyenin Y, Paulet-Lafuma H, Ricanet A, Saadatian-Elahi M, Vanhems P.
JO  - Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/ice.2020.99
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/fast-nosocomial-spread-of-sarscov2-in-a-french-geriatric-unit-lyon-study-group-on-covid19-infection/4823C39F70DF3EFF561668FEB9571E2F
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Heart University: a new online educational forum in paediatric and adult congenital cardiac care. The future of virtual learning in a post-pandemic world?
AU  - Tretter, Justin T.
AU  - Windram, Jonathan
AU  - Faulkner, Theresa
AU  - Hudgens, Michelle
AU  - Sendzikaite, Skaiste
AU  - Blom, Nico A.
AU  - Hanseus, Katarina
AU  - Loomba, Rohit S.
AU  - McMahon, Colin J.
AU  - Zheleva, Bistra
AU  - Kumar, R. Krishna
AU  - Jacobs, Jeffrey P.
AU  - Oechslin, Erwin N.
AU  - Webb, Gary D.
AU  - Redington, Andrew N.
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - Online learning has become an increasingly expected and popular component for education of the modern-day adult learner, including the medical provider. In light of the recent coronavirus pandemic, there has never been more urgency to establish opportunities for supplemental online learning. Heart University aims to be ‘the go-to online resource’ for e-learning in congenital heart disease and paediatric acquired heart disease. It is a carefully-curated open access library of pedagogical material for all providers of care to children and adults with congenital heart disease or children with acquired heart disease, whether a trainee or a practicing provider. In this manuscript, we review the aims, development, current offerings and standing, and future goals of Heart University.
JO  - Cardiology in the Young
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-21
SP  - 1
EP  - 21
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/S1047951120000852
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/heart-university-a-new-online-educational-forum-in-paediatric-and-adult-congenital-cardiac-care-the-future-of-virtual-learning-in-a-postpandemic-world/85B123E79AA87E381A762A4BC78CAE3B
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 disease Emergency Operational Instructions for Mental Health Departments issued by the Italian Society of Epidemiological Psychiatry
AU  - Starace, F.
AU  - Ferrara, M.
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-12
SP  - 1
EP  - 12
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/S2045796020000372
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/covid19-disease-emergency-operational-instructions-for-mental-health-departments-issued-by-the-italian-society-of-epidemiological-psychiatry/C478CBAB0C399F4EEF192747B7082B33
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Just the Facts: Airway management during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Kovacs, G.
AU  - Sowers, N.
AU  - Campbell, S.
AU  - French, J.
AU  - Atkinson, P.
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - CJEM
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-7
SP  - 1
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/cem.2020.353
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/just-the-facts-airway-management-during-the-covid19-pandemic/F6386E2DB9FCE5C35EEF313E2210F39E
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mortality rate of infection with COVID-19 in Korea from the perspective of underlying disease
AU  - Kang, Yun-Jung
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - On December 31st, 2019 the China National Health Commission (NHC) reported that an unknown cause of pneumonia had been detected in Wuhan in Hubei province. On February 12th, the disease caused by novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) has a formal name, COVID-19. On January 20th, 2020, the first case of COVID-19 was confirmed in Korea. Among the deaths, age-specific death rate was the highest among cases over 70's, with underlying diseases in their circulatory system, such as myocardial infraction, cerebral infraction, arrythmia, and hypertension. Patients with underlying disease who are 70 years of age or older should recognize that there is a high possibility of developing a serious disease in case of viral infection and follow strict precautions.
JO  - Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-6
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/dmp.2020.60
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/mortality-rate-of-infection-with-covid19-in-korea-from-the-perspective-of-underlying-disease/55C8976234DBCF3D94E8BCCC2BDCFE56
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemiological characteristics on the clustering nature of COVID-19 in Qingdao City, 2020: a descriptive analysis
AU  - Jia, Jing
AU  - Hu, Xiaowen
AU  - Yang, Feng
AU  - Song, Xin
AU  - Dong, Liyan
AU  - Zhang, Jingfei
AU  - Jiang, Fachun
AU  - Gao, Ruqin
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - BackgroundAs an emerging infectious disease, COVID-19 has involved with many countries and regions. With the further development of the epidemic, the proportion of clusters has been increased.MethodsIn our study, we collected the information of COVID-19 clusters in Qingdao City. The epidemiological characteristic and clinical manifestation were analyzed.Results11 clusters of COVID-19 were reported in Qingdao City during Jan 29, 2020 and Feb 23, 2020, involved 44 confirmed cases, which were accounted for 73.33% of all confirmed cases. Most from Jan 19 and Feb 2, 2020, the cases mainly concentrated in the district which had many designated hospitals. The cases aged 20-59 years old accounted for the largest proportion (68.18%), with the male-to-female sex ration 0.52:1. Three cases were infected from exposure to confirmed cases. The average incubation period was 6.28d. The median number of cases per cluster was 4 and the median duration time was 6d.The median cumulative number of exposure persons was 53.ConclusionMore attention should be paid on the epidemic of clusters in prevention and control of COVID-19. Besides isolating patients, it is essential to track, screen and isolate the close contacts. Self-isolation is the key especially for healthy people in epidemic area.
JO  - Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-17
SP  - 1
EP  - 17
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/dmp.2020.59
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/epidemiological-characteristics-on-the-clustering-nature-of-covid19-in-qingdao-city-2020-a-descriptive-analysis/3C2A743F5D9CDB97625895D96A60C075
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Влияние Средств Массовой Информации На Осведомленность Населения О Вспышках Потенциально Опасных Инфекций (на Примере Коронавирусной Инфекции 2019 -Ncov)
AU  - Штыров, Е М
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A disease caused by a new coronavirus (2019 - nCoV) that appeared in December 2019 has put health professionals and doctors in a difficult position. Due to the rapid spread of infection and the presence of the virus already on the territory of the Russian Federation, the population should be aware of the ways of spread, symptoms and methods of prevention. This task is assigned to the media. This study is aimed at studying the impact of mass media on public awareness of outbreaks of potentially dangerous infections, for example, coronavirus
JO  - Социосфера
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 1
PG  - 144-149
SP  - 144
EP  - 149
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=42544445
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Коронавирусная инфекция COVID-2019
AU  - Романов, Б К
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Представлена информация об инфекции COVID-2019, вызванной коронавирусом SARS-CoV-2, до 11 февраля 2020 г. носившим временное название 2019-nCoV. Вспышка пневмонии неизвестной этиологии в городе Ухань в Китае, официальные сведения о которой были впервые опубликованы 31 декабря 2019 г. китайским офисом Всемирной организации здравоохранения, привлекла внимание не только узких специалистов, но и всей мировой общественности и 30 января 2020 г. была признана чрезвычайной ситуацией в здравоохранении, имеющей международное значение. Первые случаи заболевания были зарегистрированы 12 декабря 2019 г. в Китае, а 31 января 2020 г. было сообщено о случаях выявления данной инфекции на территории России у двух граждан Китая. Возбудитель инфекции - новый коронавирус SARS-CoV-2, который ранее не выявлялся, был идентифицирован китайскими исследователями 7 января 2020 г. Цель работы: систематизация информации о коронавирусной инфекции COVID-2019 с начала эпидемии до начала марта 2020 г. Представлены общие сведения о коронавирусах, хроника эпидемии COVID-2019, вызванной коронавирусом SARS-CoV-2, и оценка глобальной эпидемической ситуации. Приведены рекомендации национальных регуляторных органов и Всемирной организации здравоохранения по лечению заболеваний и септического шока, вызванных SARS-CoV-2, в том числе целевые значения системной гемодинамики у пациентов, перечень рекомендуемых лекарственных средств, способы их применения и ограничения фармакотерапии.
JO  - Безопасность И Риск Фармакотерапии
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 8
IS  - 1
PG  - 3-8
SP  - 3
EP  - 8
AN  - 
DO  - 10.30895/2312-7821-2020-8-1-3-8
UR  - https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=42599586
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Коронавирусная Болезнь 2019. Часть 2: Клиника, Диагностика, Лечение, Профилактика
AU  - Прилуцкий, А С
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Описаны типичные клинические симптомы коронавирусной болезни 2019. Показано, что более тяжелое течение отмечено у лиц мужского пола, пожилых лиц, пациентов, имеющих сопутствующие заболевания и др. Представлена классификация клинических форм болезни. Охарактеризованы методы диагностики заболевания, в том числе полимеразная цепная реакция с обратной транскрипцией и др. Описаны типичные лабораторные и рентгенологические изменения. Охарактеризованы потенциально эффективные противовирусные препараты и симптоматическое лечение. Рассмотрены меры профилактики заболевания.
JO  - Вестник Гигиены И Эпидемиологии
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 24
IS  - 1
PG  - 87-101
SP  - 87
EP  - 101
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=42564618
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Коронавирусная Болезнь 2019. Часть 1: Характеристика Коронавируса, Эпидемиологические Особенности
AU  - Прилуцкий, А С
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Возбудитель коронавирусной болезни 2019 был идентифицирован молекулярногенетическими методами за 7-10 дней после возникновения вспышки. Охарактеризован геном ТОРС-КВ-2 (тяжелый острый респираторный синдром коронавирус 2). Имеются данные, что вирус возник в результате мутаций и рекомбинаций. В роли промежуточных хозяев предполагают несколько животных: змей, малайских ящеров - панголинов, черепах и др. По имеющимся сведеньям основные механизмы передачи вируса: воздушнокапельный, контактнобытовой и, возможно, фекальнооральный. Описан инкубационный период инфекции, который составляет до 14 дней. Охарактеризована динамика развития эпидемии коронавирусной инфекции, которая охватила более 50 стран мира.
JO  - Вестник Гигиены И Эпидемиологии
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 24
IS  - 1
PG  - 77-86
SP  - 77
EP  - 86
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=42564617
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - BOOK
TI  - Новая коронавирусная инфекция (COVID-19): этиология, эпидемиология,клиника, диагностика, лечение и профилактика
AU  - Никифоров, Владимир Владимирович
AU  - Суранова, Татьяна Григорьевна
AU  - Миронов, Андрей Юрьевич
AU  - Забозлаев, Федор Георгиевич
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - В учебно-методическом пособии представлены данные о новой коронавирусной инфекции COVID-19, о методах диагностики, лечения и профилактики. Особое внимание уделено вопросам организации санитарно-противоэпидемических мероприятий при выявлении больного (подозрительного) на COVID-19. Учебно-методическое пособие предназначено для врачей, а также может быть использовано для подготовки студентов и ординаторов медицинских вузов. Учебно-методическое пособие одобрено на заседании Учёного совета Академии постдипломного образования ФГБУ «ФНКЦ ФМБА России» «28» февраля 2020 г. Протокол № 1-20
JO  - 
PB  - Академия постдипломного образования ФГБУ «ФНКЦ ФМБА России»
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=42529634
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Санитарно-Авиационная Эвакуация Пациентов С Новой Коронавирусной Инфекцией Covid-19
AU  - Мешков, М А
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Медицина Катастроф
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 1
PG  - 61
SP  - 61
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=42571522
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Этиология Эпидемической Вспышки Covid-19 В Г. Ухань (провинция Хубэй, Китайская Народная Республика), Ассоциированной С Вирусом 2019-Ncov (nidovirales, Coronaviridae, Coronavirinae, Betacoronavirus, Подрод Sarbecovirus): Уроки Эпидемии Sars-Cov
AU  - Львов, Дмитрий Константинович
AU  - Альховский, С В
AU  - Колобухина, Л В
AU  - Бурцева, Е И
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Результаты сравнительного филогенетического, вирусологического, эпидемиологического, экологического и клинического изучения тяжёлого острого респираторного синдрома (ТОРС) (SARS-2002), ближневосточного респираторного синдрома (БВРС) (MERS-2012) и эпидемической вспышки острого респираторного заболевания (COVID-19) в 2019-2020 гг. в г. Ухань (Хубэй, Китайская Народная Республика, КНР) позволили сделать следующие выводы: - этиологическим агентом COVID-19 является коронавирус (вирус 2019-CoV), филогенетически близкий к возбудителю ТОРС (вирус SARS-related human CoV) и родственным ему коронавирусам, изолированным от летучих мышей (вирусы SARS-related bat CoV). Эти вирусы относятся к подроду Sarbecovirus рода Betacoronavirus, подсемейства Orthocoronavirinae, семейства Coronaviridae (Cornidovirinea: Nidovirales). Следовательно, эпидемическая вспышка острого респираторного заболевания COVID-19 является вариантом ТОРС (КНР, 2002) и отличается от БВРС (Саудовская Аравия, 2012), вызванного другим коронавирусом, относящимся к подроду Merbecovirus того же рода; - cогласно результатам филогенетического анализа 35 различных бетакоронавирусов (Betacoronavirus), изолированных в 2002-2019 гг... Результаты сравнительного филогенетического, вирусологического, эпидемиологического, экологического и клинического изучения тяжёлого острого респираторного синдрома (ТОРС) (SARS-2002), ближневосточного респираторного синдрома (БВРС) (MERS-2012) и эпидемической вспышки острого респираторного заболевания (COVID-19) в 2019-2020 гг. в г. Ухань (Хубэй, Китайская Народная Республика, КНР) позволили сделать следующие выводы: - этиологическим агентом COVID-19 является коронавирус (вирус 2019-CoV), филогенетически близкий к возбудителю ТОРС (вирус SARS-related human CoV) и родственным ему коронавирусам, изолированным от летучих мышей (вирусы SARS-related bat CoV). Эти вирусы относятся к подроду Sarbecovirus рода Betacoronavirus, подсемейства Orthocoronavirinae, семейства Coronaviridae (Cornidovirinea: Nidovirales). Следовательно, эпидемическая вспышка острого респираторного заболевания COVID-19 является вариантом ТОРС (КНР, 2002) и отличается от БВРС (Саудовская Аравия, 2012), вызванного другим коронавирусом, относящимся к подроду Merbecovirus того же рода; - cогласно результатам филогенетического анализа 35 различных бетакоронавирусов (Betacoronavirus), изолированных в 2002-2019 гг. от людей и из природных источников, природным резервуаром коронавируса 2019-nCoV, также как и вируса SARS-related human CoV, являются летучие мыши рода Rhinolophus (Rhinolophidae), но, возможно, и представители других родов. Дополнительным резервуаром вируса могут служить употребляемые в пищу промежуточные виды животных (змеи, циветты, ежи, барсуки и т.д.), заражение которых происходит при поедании инфицированных летучих мышей. SARS-подобные вирусы циркулировали среди летучих мышей в межэпидемическом периоде (2003-2019 гг.); - сезонные коронавирусы (подрод Duvinacovirus, род Alphacoronavirus) циркулируют в настоящее время (ноябрь 2019 г. - январь 2020 г.) в Европейской части, на Урале, в Сибири и на Дальнем Востоке России, наряду с вирусами гриппа A (H1N1)pdm09, A (H3N2) и В, а также другими шестью вирусами, вызывающими острые респираторные вирусные инфекции (вирус парагриппа, респираторно-синцитиальный вирус, адено-, рино-, бока-, и метапневмовирусы). function show_abstract() { $('#abstract1').hide(); $('#abstract2').show(); $('#abstract_expand').hide(); } ▼Показать полностью
JO  - Вопросы Вирусологии
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 65
IS  - 1
PG  - 6-15
SP  - 6
EP  - 15
AN  - 
DO  - 10.36233/0507-4088-2020-65-1-6-15
UR  - https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=42516943
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Профилактика и терапия коронавирусной инфекции
AU  - Исаков, В
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Грипп и другие респираторные вирусы вызывают дисбаланс системы интерферонов, угнетение клеточных и фагоцитарных реакций организма. Длительно персистирующие вирусные и бактериальные патогены влияют на развитие атопии и могут быть причиной обострений хронических заболеваний дыхательных путей. В настоящее время мир озабочен стремительно развивающейся в Китае эпидемией, вызванной новым РНК-содержащим коронавирусом C0VID-2019 (COrona VIrus Disease 2019 - коронавирусное заболевание, 2019). В данной работе представлены сведения о происхождении, распространении, клинике коронавирусной инфекции, освещены вопросы профилактики и терапии, применяемых при различных коронавирусных инфекциях человека, которые могут быть востребованы и при инфекции COVID-2019.
JO  - Врач
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 31
IS  - 2
PG  - 72-74
SP  - 72
EP  - 74
AN  - 
DO  - 10.29296/25877305-2020-02-15
UR  - https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=42462995
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Эффективность декаметоксина против сложных вирусов, незвисимо от их антигенного строения: перспективы использования при современных вирусных заболеваниях дыхальных путей
AU  - Гуменюк, Н И
AU  - Гуменюк, Г Л
AU  - Опимах, С Г
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - На рубеже 2019 и 2020 годов началась вспышка вирусной пневмонии, вызванной новым коронавирусом Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19). Из истории вспышек тяжелого острого респираторного синдрома (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, SARS) в 2002-2003 годах и ближневосточного дыхательного синдрома (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, MERS) в 2012 году известно, что эффективной и безопасной этиотропной терапии коронавирусной инфекции не существует. Поэтому сегодня борьба с коронавирусной инфекцией является актуальным вызовом. Потенциально эффективными противовирусными средствами являются антисептики группы поверхностно-активных веществ. В частности, декаметоксин, который имеет выраженное бактерицидное, фунгицидное и протистоцидное действие, обладает еще и экспериментально доказанной противовирусной активностью. В исследованиях in vitro показано, что препарат проявляет статистически значимое вирулицидное действие, влияя на внеклеточный вирус с возможным повреждением вирусной протеазы... На рубеже 2019 и 2020 годов началась вспышка вирусной пневмонии, вызванной новым коронавирусом Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19). Из истории вспышек тяжелого острого респираторного синдрома (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, SARS) в 2002-2003 годах и ближневосточного дыхательного синдрома (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, MERS) в 2012 году известно, что эффективной и безопасной этиотропной терапии коронавирусной инфекции не существует. Поэтому сегодня борьба с коронавирусной инфекцией является актуальным вызовом. Потенциально эффективными противовирусными средствами являются антисептики группы поверхностно-активных веществ. В частности, декаметоксин, который имеет выраженное бактерицидное, фунгицидное и протистоцидное действие, обладает еще и экспериментально доказанной противовирусной активностью. В исследованиях in vitro показано, что препарат проявляет статистически значимое вирулицидное действие, влияя на внеклеточный вирус с возможным повреждением вирусной протеазы. В опытах на культурах тканей и на экспериментальных животных доказана способность декаметоксина угнетать репликацию вирусов гриппа А и В, вируса простого герпеса путем влияния на этапе проникновения вируса в клетку и репликации вирусной нуклеиновой кислоты. Другим механизмом действия декаметоксина является его влияние на ранние этапы взаимодействия вируса с клеткой хозяина, такие как адсорбция, проникновение и депротеинизация вируса. Использование декаметоксина для лечения инфекционных поражений дыхательных путей является патогенетически обоснованным благодаря лекарственной форме стерильного раствора для ингаляционного применения с помощью небулайзера Декасан® однодозовые контейнеры. Декаметоксин успешно применяется в лечении больных с инфекционными обострениями бронхиальной астмы и хронического бронхита без негативного влияния на бронхиальную обструкцию. Доказанная действенность декаметоксина в качестве эффективного средства против сложных вирусов независимо от их антигенной структуры дает основания для его практического применения при инфекционных поражениях дыхательных путей, в том числе при коронавирусной инфекции. function show_abstract() { $('#abstract1').hide(); $('#abstract2').show(); $('#abstract_expand').hide(); } ▼Показать полностью
JO  - Актуальная Инфектология
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 8
IS  - 1
PG  - 25-33
SP  - 25
EP  - 33
AN  - 
DO  - 10.22141/2312-413x.8.1.2020.196168
UR  - https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=42488966
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Вспышка нового инфекционного заболевания COVID-19: β-коронавирусы как угроза глобальному здравоохранению
AU  - Горенков, Д В
AU  - Хантимирова, Л М
AU  - Шевцов, В А
AU  - Рукавишников, А В
AU  - Меркулов, А В
AU  - Олефир, Ю В
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Коронавирусы являются самой большой группой из известных РНК-положительных вирусов. Коронавирусная инфекция способна поражать различные виды животных, а также человека. За последние два десятилетия коронавирусы явились причиной эпидемических вспышек двух респираторных заболеваний: ближневосточного респираторного синдрома и тяжелого острого респираторного синдрома. В конце 2019 г. в Китае был выявлен новый вид вируса, способный передаваться от человека к человеку, вызвавший вспышку вирусной пневмонии. Появление нового коронавируса подтверждает, что заболевания, вызываемые данной группой вирусов, являются угрозой для мирового здравоохранения в связи с возможностью возникновения пандемии и нуждаются в тщательном мониторинге. Цель работы - обзор текущей эпидемической ситуации по новой коронавирусной инфекции COVID-19, вызываемой вирусом SARS-CoV-2, с учетом предыдущих вспышек инфекций, вызванных β-коронавирусами MERS-CoV и SARS-CoV, как представляющих наибольшую опасность для человека... Коронавирусы являются самой большой группой из известных РНК-положительных вирусов. Коронавирусная инфекция способна поражать различные виды животных, а также человека. За последние два десятилетия коронавирусы явились причиной эпидемических вспышек двух респираторных заболеваний: ближневосточного респираторного синдрома и тяжелого острого респираторного синдрома. В конце 2019 г. в Китае был выявлен новый вид вируса, способный передаваться от человека к человеку, вызвавший вспышку вирусной пневмонии. Появление нового коронавируса подтверждает, что заболевания, вызываемые данной группой вирусов, являются угрозой для мирового здравоохранения в связи с возможностью возникновения пандемии и нуждаются в тщательном мониторинге. Цель работы - обзор текущей эпидемической ситуации по новой коронавирусной инфекции COVID-19, вызываемой вирусом SARS-CoV-2, с учетом предыдущих вспышек инфекций, вызванных β-коронавирусами MERS-CoV и SARS-CoV, как представляющих наибольшую опасность для человека. В обзоре кратко описаны две эпидемические вспышки, вызванные вирусами SARS-CoV (2002-2004 гг.) и MERS-CoV (2012 г. - настоящее время), представлена текущая эпидемическая ситуация, связанная с новым коронавирусом SARS-CoV-2, изложены основные ограничительные мероприятия, предпринимаемые для недопущения распространения инфекции в России. Рассмотрены аспекты возможной специфической терапии и разработки профилактических вакцинных препаратов против новой коронавирусной инфекции. Сделан вывод о возможном пандемическом потенциале вируса SARS-CoV-2 и высокой вероятности возникновения в будущем вспышек инфекций, вызванных новыми штаммами β-коронавирусов. Указано на необходимость осуществления тщательного мониторинга заболевания и проведения превентивных противоэпидемических мероприятий для сдерживания распространения инфекции. function show_abstract() { $('#abstract1').hide(); $('#abstract2').show(); $('#abstract_expand').hide(); } ▼Показать полностью
JO  - Биопрепараты. Профилактика, Диагностика, Лечение
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 20
IS  - 1
PG  - 6-20
SP  - 6
EP  - 20
AN  - 
DO  - 10.30895/2221-996X-2020-20-1-6-20
UR  - https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=42590185
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Происхождение инфекций и соматических заболеваний: COVID-19
AU  - Владыко, Александр Станиславович
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Главным геномом в эволюционном или адаптационном процессе всего живого на планете является геном бактерий (прокариот, включая архей), который быстро реагирует генетическими изменениями на изменяющиеся экологические факторы и с использованием ретровирусоподобных механизмов, включая систему спейсерной адаптации CRISPR/Cas, редактирует иммунную и гормональную системы макроорганизмов (включая человека) к данным экологическим условиям. Коронавирус COVID-19 является хрестоматийным примером формирования из адаптогенов (непатогенных молекулярных мотивов или спейсеров коронавирусов) под действием экологических факторов нового коронавируса - с патогенными свойствами.
JO  - Школа Науки
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 2 (27)
PG  - 10-13
SP  - 10
EP  - 13
AN  - 
DO  - 10.5281/zenodo.3725689
UR  - https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=42590259
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - CONF
TI  - Тяжелый Острый Респираторный Синдром: Клиническая Картина И Лечение
AU  - Амичба, Марта Мурмановна
AU  - Новомлинская, Марина Николаевна
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Тяжелый острый респираторный синдром - тяжелая форма коронавирусной инфекции, характеризующаяся преимущественным поражением альвеолярного эпителия легких, циклическим течением болезни и развитием острой дыхательной недостаточности в тяжелых случаях.
JO  - 
PB  - "Наука и Просвещение" (ИП Гуляев Г.Ю.)
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 213-215
SP  - 213
EP  - 215
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=41601309
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Advice on Standardized Diagnosis and Treatment for Spinal Diseases during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic
AU  - Zou, Jun
AU  - Yu, Hao
AU  - Song, Dawei
AU  - Niu, Junjie
AU  - Yang, Huilin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak started in December 2019 that caused difficulties for clinical work. Practical work experience in our spinal outpatient and emergency department during the COVID-19 pandemic is summarized in this article, with combined evidence-based medical evidence to explore a standardized process of diagnosis and treatment for spinal diseases. Outpatient reservation, continuous screening, triage, and isolation, first consultation accountability system, pandemic reporting system, and online revisit were strictly followed. We hope that our experience in prevention and control of COVID-19 can help spine surgeons globally in stopping the spread of COVID-19. Spine surgeons should collaborate with infection control specialists to avoid cross-infection in hospitals and optimize treatment.
JO  - Asian spine journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.31616/asj.2020.0122
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Association between ambient temperature and COVID-19 infection in 122 cities from China
AU  - Zhu, Yongjian
AU  - Xie, Jingui
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a severe public health problem globally. Both epidemiological and laboratory studies have shown that ambient temperature could affect the transmission and survival of coronaviruses. This study aimed to determine whether the temperature is an essential factor in the infection caused by this novel coronavirus. Methods Daily confirmed cases and meteorological factors in 122 cities were collected between January 23, 2020, to February 29, 2020. A generalized additive model (GAM) was applied to explore the nonlinear relationship between mean temperature and COVID-19 confirmed cases. We also used a piecewise linear regression to determine the relationship in detail. Results The exposure-response curves suggested that the relationship between mean temperature and COVID-19 confirmed cases was approximately linear in the range of <3 °C and became flat above 3 °C. When mean temperature (lag0–14) was below 3 °C, each 1 °C rise was associated with a 4.861% (95% CI: 3.209–6.513) increase in the daily number of COVID-19 confirmed cases. These findings were robust in our sensitivity analyses. Conclusions Our results indicate that mean temperature has a positive linear relationship with the number of COVID-19 cases with a threshold of 3 °C. There is no evidence supporting that case counts of COVID-19 could decline when the weather becomes warmer, which provides useful implications for policymakers and the public.
JO  - Science of The Total Environment
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 138201-138201
SP  - 138201
EP  - 138201
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138201
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969720317149
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Infection and Rapid 1 Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Ferrets
AU  - Young, I. Au
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 is a new entity in the field of clinical medicine. In near future, anesthesiologists around the globe increasingly will encounter patients who need surgery and at the same time are suspected or confirmed cases of COVID-19. Planning for a safe anesthesia technique is inevitable. The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in China and rapidly spread worldwide. To prevent SARS-CoV-2 dissemination, understanding the in vivo characteristics of SARS-CoV- 2 is a high priority. We report a ferret model of SARS-CoV-2 infection and transmission that recapitulates aspects of human disease. SARS-CoV-2-infected ferrets exhibit elevated body temperatures and virus replication. Although fatalities were not observed, SARS-CoV-2- infected ferrets shed virus in nasal washes, saliva, urine and feces up to 8 days post44 infection. At 2 days post-contact, SARS-CoV-2 was detected in all naïve direct contact ferrets. Furthermore, a few naïve indirect contact ferrets were positive for viral RNA, suggesting airborne transmission. Viral antigens were detected in nasal turbinate, trachea, lungs, and intestine with acute bronchiolitis present in infected lungs. Thus, ferrets represent an infection and transmission animal model of COVID-19 that may facilitate development of SARS-CoV-2 therapeutics and vaccines.
JO  - ACS Chemical Neuroscience
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://doi.org/
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The First 75 Days of Novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) Outbreak: Recent Advances, Prevention, and Treatment
AU  - Yan, Yuxin
AU  - Shin, Woo In
AU  - Pang, Yoong Xin
AU  - Meng, Yang
AU  - Lai, Jianchen
AU  - You, Chong
AU  - Zhao, Haitao
AU  - Lester, Edward
AU  - Wu, Tao
AU  - Pang, Cheng Heng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The recent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, previously known as 2019-nCoV) outbreak has engulfed an unprepared world amidst a festive season. The zoonotic SARS-CoV-2, believed to have originated from infected bats, is the seventh member of enveloped RNA coronavirus. Specifically, the overall genome sequence of the SARS-CoV-2 is 96.2% identical to that of bat coronavirus termed BatCoV RaTG13. Although the current mortality rate of 2% is significantly lower than that of SARS (9.6%) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) (35%), SARS-CoV-2 is highly contagious and transmissible from human to human with an incubation period of up to 24 days. Some statistical studies have shown that, on average, one infected patient may lead to a subsequent 5.7 confirmed cases. Since the first reported case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the SARS-CoV-2 on December 1, 2019, in Wuhan, China, there has been a total of 60,412 confirmed cases with 1370 fatalities reported in 25 different countries as of February 13, 2020. The outbreak has led to severe impacts on social health and the economy at various levels. This paper is a review of the significant, continuous global effort that was made to respond to the outbreak in the first 75 days. Although no vaccines have been discovered yet, a series of containment measures have been implemented by various governments, especially in China, in the effort to prevent further outbreak, whilst various medical treatment approaches have been used to successfully treat infected patients. On the basis of current studies, it would appear that the combined antiviral treatment has shown the highest success rate. This review aims to critically summarize the most recent advances in understanding the coronavirus, as well as the strategies in prevention and treatment.
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, Vol. 17, Page 2323
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 17
IS  - 7
PG  - 2323-2323
SP  - 2323
EP  - 2323
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/IJERPH17072323
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Nervous system involvement after infection with COVID-19 and other coronaviruses
AU  - Wu, Yeshun
AU  - Xu, Xiaolin
AU  - Chen, Zijun
AU  - Duan, Jiahao
AU  - Hashimoto, Kenji
AU  - Yang, Ling
AU  - Liu, Cunming
AU  - Yang, Chun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Viral infections have detrimental impacts on neurological functions, and even to cause severe neurological damage. Very recently, coronaviruses (CoV), especially severe acute respiratory syndrome CoV 2 (SARS-CoV-2), exhibit neurotropic properties and may also cause neurological diseases. It is reported that CoV can be found in the brain or cerebrospinal fluid. The pathobiology of these neuroinvasive viruses is still incompletely known, and it is therefore important to explore the impact of CoV infections on the nervous system. Here, we review the research into neurological complications in CoV infections and the possible mechanisms of damage to the nervous system.
JO  - Brain, Behavior, and Immunity
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2020.03.031
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0889159120303573
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - European Task Force on Atopic Dermatitis (ETFAD) statement on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2)-infection and atopic dermatitis
AU  - Wollenberg, Andreas
AU  - Flohr, Carsten
AU  - Simon, Dagmar
AU  - Cork, Michael J.
AU  - Thyssen, Jacob P.
AU  - Bieber, Thomas
AU  - de Bruin-Weller, Marjolein S.
AU  - Weidinger, Stephan
AU  - Deleuran, Mette
AU  - Taieb, Alain
AU  - Paul, Carle
AU  - Trzeciak, Magdalena
AU  - Werfel, Thomas
AU  - Seneschal, Julien
AU  - Barbarot, Sebastien
AU  - Darsow, Ulf
AU  - Torrelo, Antonio
AU  - Stalder, Jean-Francois
AU  - Svensson, Åke
AU  - Hijnen, Dirkjan
AU  - Gelmetti, Carlo
AU  - Szalai, Zsuzsanna
AU  - Gieler, Uwe
AU  - De Raeve, Linda
AU  - Kunz, Barbara
AU  - Spuls, Phyllis
AU  - von Kobyletzki, Laura B.
AU  - Fölster-Holst, Regina
AU  - Chernyshov, Pavel V.
AU  - Cristen-Zaech, Stéphanie
AU  - Heratizadeh, Annice
AU  - Ring, Johannes
AU  - Vestergaard, Christian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a complex disease with elevated risk of respiratory comorbidities.(1,2) Severely affected patients are often treated with immune-modulating systemic drugs.(3,4) On March 11th 2020, the World Health Organization declared the 2019 novel coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-Cov-2) epidemic to be a pandemic. The number of cases worldwide is increasing exponentially and poses a major health threat, especially for those who are elderly, immuno-compromised, or have comorbidities. This also applies to AD patients on systemic immune-modulating treatment. In these days of uncertainty, reallocation of medical resources, curfew, hoarding, and shutdown of normal social life, patients, caregivers and doctors ask questions regarding the continuation of systemic immune-modulating treatment of AD patients. The ETFAD decided to address some of these questions here.
JO  - Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jdv.16411
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Radiotherapy Workflow and Protection Procedures During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak: Experience of the Hubei Cancer Hospital in Wuhan, China
AU  - Wei, Wei
AU  - Zheng, Dandan
AU  - Lei, Yu
AU  - Wu, Shen
AU  - Verma, Vivek
AU  - Liu, Yongsheng
AU  - Wei, Xueyan
AU  - Bi, Jianping
AU  - Hu, Desheng
AU  - Han, Guang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The epidemic of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) first broke out in Wuhan in December 2019, and reached its peak in Wuhan in February 2020. It became a major public health challenge for China, and evolved into a global pandemic in March 2020. For radiation oncology departments, the COVID-19 pandemic presents a unique challenge for disease protection and prevention for both patients and staff, owing to the weakened immune systems of cancer patients and the need to deliver timely and uninterrupted radiotherapy. At the Hubei Cancer Hospital, the only hospital in Wuhan that specializes in oncology, we organized an emergency infection control team to lead special efforts to combat COVID-19 during this challenging time. Under its lead, the following measures were implemented in the radiation oncology department: the radiotherapy clinic was divided into different infection control zones with varying levels of protection; special staff and patient infection control training sessions were conducted and appropriate measures deployed; daily symptom testing criteria were implemented for patients undergoing treatment; special rotating schedules and infection control methods were implemented for various staff members such as medical physicists/dosimetrists and radiation therapists; modified radiotherapy workflow and specialized treatment area cleaning and disinfection policies and procedures were designed and executed; and special medical waste disposal methods were implemented. We began treating patients using this new COVID-19 radiotherapy treatment workflow and infection control measures on January 30, 2020. During more than one and a half months of uninterrupted radiation oncology clinical operation through the worst of the Wuhan outbreak, no known COVID-19 infection occurred at our radiotherapy center to our patients or employees. This report may provide valuable information for other radiation oncology departments during this unprecedented public health crisis.
JO  - Radiotherapy and Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radonc.2020.03.029
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167814020301638
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How to improve adherence with quarantine: Rapid review of the evidence
AU  - Webster, Rebecca K.
AU  - Brooks, Samantha K.
AU  - Smith, Louise E.
AU  - Woodland, Lisa
AU  - Wessely, Simon
AU  - Rubin, G. James
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objectives The January 2020 outbreak of coronavirus has once again thrown the vexed issue of quarantine into the spotlight, with many countries asking their citizens to ‘self-isolate’ if they have potentially come into contact with the infection. However, adhering to quarantine is difficult. Decisions on how to apply quarantine should be based on the best available evidence to increase the likelihood of people adhering to protocols. We conducted a rapid review to identify factors associated with adherence to quarantine during infectious disease outbreaks. Study design Rapid evidence review. Methods We searched Medline, PsycINFO and Web of Science for published literature on the reasons for and factors associated with adherence to quarantine during an infectious disease outbreak. Results We found 3163 papers and included 14 in the review. Adherence to quarantine ranged from as little as 0 up to 92.8%. The main factors which influenced or were associated with adherence decisions were the knowledge people had about the disease and quarantine procedure, social norms, perceived benefits of quarantine and perceived risk of the disease, as well as practical issues such as running out of supplies or the financial consequences of being out of work. Conclusions People vary in their adherence to quarantine during infectious disease outbreaks. To improve this, public health officials should provide a timely, clear rationale for quarantine and information about protocols; emphasise social norms to encourage this altruistic behaviour; increase the perceived benefit that engaging in quarantine will have on public health; and ensure that sufficient supplies of food, medication and other essentials are provided.
JO  - Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2020.03.007
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0033350620300718
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Applying Palliative Care Principles to Communicate with Children about COVID-19
AU  - Weaver, Meaghann S.
AU  - Wiener, Lori
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Children are seeing rapid changes to their routines and facing an unpredictable future. Palliative care teams may consider expanding their communication training and skillsets to help families consider caring ways to communicate with their children and grandchildren about the coronavirus. Palliative care teams are wise to encourage families to ground their communication with children on key values: honesty and trust, self-compassion, safety, sensitivity, connection, preparedness, community-building, recognition of death as a part of the lifecycle, and legacy.
JO  - Journal of Pain and Symptom Management
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2020.03.020
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0885392420301718
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - On the Frontline of the COVID-19 Outbreak: Keeping Patients on Long-Term Dialysis Safe
AU  - Watnick, Suzanne
AU  - McNamara, Elizabeth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2215/CJN.03540320
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Study on the public psychological states and its related factors during the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in some regions of China
AU  - Wang, Yenan
AU  - Di, Yu
AU  - Ye, Junjie
AU  - Wei, Wenbin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Psychology, Health & Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-10
SP  - 1
EP  - 10
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/13548506.2020.1746817
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/13548506.2020.1746817
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in Hemodialysis Patients: A Report of 5 Cases
AU  - Wang, Rui
AU  - Liao, Cong
AU  - He, Hong
AU  - Hu, Chun
AU  - Wei, Zimeng
AU  - Hong, Zixi
AU  - Zhang, Chengjie
AU  - Liao, Meiyan
AU  - Shui, Hua
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, an outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) due to the novel SARS-CoV-2 virus began in China and spread rapidly worldwide. It is unknown whether hemodialysis patients represent a distinct group of patients with certain characteristics that may make them susceptible to infection or severe disease. In this Case Report, we describe the clinical and epidemiological features of COVID-19 in 201 maintenance hemodialysis patients in Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan university, including 5 maintenance hemodialysis patients who contracted COVID-19 disease. Of the 5 patients with COVID-19, one had a definite history of contact with an infected person. The age range of the patients was 47–67 years. Diarrhea (80%), fever (60%), and fatigue (60%) were the most common symptoms. Lymphopenia occurred in all patients.Chest computerized tomography (CT) scans showed ground glass opacity in the lungs of all patients. Up to February 13, 2020, none of the patients had developed severe complications (acute respiratory distress syndrome, shock, multiple organ dysfunction) or died.
JO  - American Journal of Kidney Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1053/j.ajkd.2020.03.009
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0272638620306120
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Disease 2019 in elderly patients: characteristics and prognostic factors based on 4-week follow-up
AU  - Wang, Lang
AU  - He, Wenbo
AU  - Yu, Xiaomei
AU  - Hu, Dalong
AU  - Bao, Mingwei
AU  - Liu, Huafen
AU  - Zhou, Jiali
AU  - Jiang, Hong
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.019
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.019
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) Analysis of China’s Prevention and Control Strategy for the COVID-19 Epidemic
AU  - Wang, Jia
AU  - Wang, Zhifeng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This study used the Strengths (S), Weaknesses (W), Opportunities (O) and Threats (T) (SWOT) analysis method, drawing on our experience of the response to the 2003 SARS epidemic, the 2019 China Health Statistics Yearbook data, and changes in China&rsquo;s policy environment for the pneumonia epidemic response relating to the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infection, to perform a systematic analysis of the COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control strategy S, W, O, and T, with a further analysis of a strategic foundation and to determine a significant and relative strategy. We assessed and formulated strength-opportunity (SO), weakness-opportunity (WO), strength-threat (ST), and weakness-threat (WT) strategies for the prevention and control of the COVID-19 epidemic. We conducted an in-depth analysis and identified the highest-priority policies. These are: reshaping the emergency system (SO1); adding health emergency departments to universities and other institutions (WO2); adjusting the economic structure and strengthening international and domestic linkages (ST2); and strengthening public intervention in responding to public health emergencies (WT1).
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 17
IS  - 7
PG  - 2235
SP  - 2235
EP  - 
AN  - doi:10.3390/ijerph17072235
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/7/2235
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Dementia care during COVID-19
AU  - Wang, Huali
AU  - Li, Tao
AU  - Barbarino, Paola
AU  - Gauthier, Serge
AU  - Brodaty, Henry
AU  - Molinuevo, José Luis
AU  - Xie, Hengge
AU  - Sun, Yongan
AU  - Yu, Enyan
AU  - Tang, Yanqing
AU  - Weidner, Wendy
AU  - Yu, Xin
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30755-8
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30755-8
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Characteristics of peripheral lymphocyte subset alteration in COVID-19 pneumonia
AU  - Wang, Fan
AU  - Nie, Jiayan
AU  - Wang, Haizhou
AU  - Zhao, Qiu
AU  - Xiong, Yong
AU  - Deng, Liping
AU  - Song, Shihui
AU  - Ma, Zhiyong
AU  - Mo, Pingzheng
AU  - Zhang, Yongxi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/infdis/jiaa150
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/jid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/infdis/jiaa150/5813618
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Precautionary measures needed for ophthalmologists during pandemic of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
AU  - Wan, Kelvin H.
AU  - Huang, Suber S.
AU  - Young, Alvin
AU  - Chiu Lam, Dennis Shun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in December 2019 in Wuhan, China has spread to over 113 countries with 118,326 infected and 4,292 died as of 11 March 2020 and the World Health Organization (WHO) has just announced COVID-19 a global pandemic. A person under investigation (PUI) for COVID-19 is less likely to present initially to the ophthalmologists compared to emergency care or internal medicine physicians. However, in late February 2020, 2 patients presented simultaneously to our eye casualty with sudden onset of unilateral painful red eye associated with a decline in visual acuity, their intraocular pressure (IOP) were over 40 mmHg and slit-lamp examination findings were suggestive of acute primary angle closure (APAC).
JO  - Acta ophthalmologica
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/aos.14438
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Lower respiratory tract infection in the community: associations between viral aetiology and illness course
AU  - Vos, L. M.
AU  - Bruyndonckx, R.
AU  - Zuithoff, N. P. A.
AU  - Little, P.
AU  - Oosterheert, J. J.
AU  - Broekhuizen, B. D. L.
AU  - Lammens, C.
AU  - Loens, K.
AU  - Viveen, M.
AU  - Butler, C. C.
AU  - Crook, D.
AU  - Zlateva, K.
AU  - Goossens, H.
AU  - Claas, E. C. J.
AU  - Ieven, M.
AU  - Van Loon, A. M.
AU  - Verheij, T. J. M.
AU  - Coenjaerts, F. E. J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objectives This study determined associations between respiratory viruses and subsequent illness course in primary care adult patients presenting with acute cough and/or suspected lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI). Methods A prospective European primary care study recruited adults with symptoms of lower respiratory tract infection between Nov-Apr 2007-2010. Real-time in-house polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to test for six common respiratory viruses. In this secondary analysis, symptom severity (scored 1=no problem, 2=mild, 3=moderate, 4=severe) and symptom duration were compared between groups with different viral aetiologies using regression and Cox proportional hazard models, respectively. Additionally, associations between baseline viral load (cycle threshold (Ct) value) and illness course were assessed. Results The PCR tested positive for a common respiratory virus in 1,354 of the 2,957 (45.8%) included patients. The overall mean symptom score at presentation was 2.09 (95%CI 2.07-2.11) and the median duration until resolution of moderately bad or severe symptoms was 8.70 days (interquartile range 4.50-11.00). Patients with influenza virus, human metapneumovirus (hMPV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), coronavirus (CoV) or rhinovirus had a significantly higher symptom score than patients with no virus isolated (0.07-0.25 points or 2.3-8.3% higher symptom score). Time to symptom resolution was longer in RSV infections (adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) 0.80, 95%CI 0.65-0.96) and hMPV infections (AHR 0.77, 95%CI 0.62-0.94) than in infections with no virus isolated. Overall, baseline viral load was associated with symptom severity (difference 0.11, 95%CI 0.06-0.16 per 10 cycles decrease in Ct value), but not with symptom duration. Conclusions In healthy, working adults from the general community presenting at the general practitioner with acute cough and/or suspected LRTI respiratory viruses other than influenza impose an illness burden comparable to influenza. Hence, the public health focus for viral respiratory tract infections should be broadened.
JO  - Clinical Microbiology and Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2020.03.023
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1198743X20301683
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Estimates of the severity of coronavirus disease 2019: a model-based analysis
AU  - Verity, Robert
AU  - Okell, Lucy C.
AU  - Dorigatti, Ilaria
AU  - Winskill, Peter
AU  - Whittaker, Charles
AU  - Imai, Natsuko
AU  - Cuomo-Dannenburg, Gina
AU  - Thompson, Hayley
AU  - Walker, Patrick G. T.
AU  - Fu, Han
AU  - Dighe, Amy
AU  - Griffin, Jamie T.
AU  - Baguelin, Marc
AU  - Bhatia, Sangeeta
AU  - Boonyasiri, Adhiratha
AU  - Cori, Anne
AU  - Cucunubá, Zulma
AU  - FitzJohn, Rich
AU  - Gaythorpe, Katy
AU  - Green, Will
AU  - Hamlet, Arran
AU  - Hinsley, Wes
AU  - Laydon, Daniel
AU  - Nedjati-Gilani, Gemma
AU  - Riley, Steven
AU  - van Elsland, Sabine
AU  - Volz, Erik
AU  - Wang, Haowei
AU  - Wang, Yuanrong
AU  - Xi, Xiaoyue
AU  - Donnelly, Christl A.
AU  - Ghani, Azra C.
AU  - Ferguson, Neil M.
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - BackgroundIn the face of rapidly changing data, a range of case fatality ratio estimates for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been produced that differ substantially in magnitude. We aimed to provide robust estimates, accounting for censoring and ascertainment biases.
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30243-7
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30243-7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prevention and control of SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) coronavirus infection in hemodialysis units TT - Prevencion y control de la infeccion por coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) en unidades de hemodialisis
AU  - Vega-Vega, Olynka
AU  - Arvizu-Hernandez, Mauricio
AU  - Dominguez-Cherit, Jose Guillermo
AU  - Sierra-Madero, Juan
AU  - Correa-Rotter, Ricardo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is of hich risk for patients on chronic hemodialysis due to their immunosuppressed state, advanced age, and the coexistence of significant comorbidities, in particular cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, and others. Additionally, they constitute a closed conglomerate since they come to treatment regularly, spending hours in the treatment places, exposed to a possible acquisition of the infection. Finally, going to their treatment regularly prevents them from remaining in home isolation and with potential exposure. These recommendations summarize the interventions proposed by three international organizations and add some suggested by national experts, with the aim to early identify the patients and health personnel at risk and reducing the risk of infection. La pandemia del SARS-CoV-2 representa un riesgo especial para los pacientes en hemodialisis cronica por su estado de inmunosupresion, edad avanzada y coexistencia de comorbilidades importantes, en particular patologia cardiovascular, diabetes mellitus y otras. Adicionalmente, esta poblacion constituye un conglomerado cerrado ya que los pacientes acuden a tratamiento con regularidad y permanecen horas en los lugares de tratamiento, expuestos a una posible adquisicion de la infeccion. El hecho de acudir necesaria y regularmente a su tratamiento impide que permanezcan en aislamiento domiciliario y con exposicion potencial en el traslado. Las presentes recomendaciones resumen las intervenciones propuestas por tres organizaciones internacionales, a las que se agregan algunas sugeridas por expertos nacionales, con el objetivo de identificar precozmente a los pacientes y personal de la salud en riesgo para disminuir el riesgo de infeccion.
JO  - Salud publica de Mexico
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.21149/11330
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - WHO launches crowdfund for COVID-19 response
AU  - Usher, Ann Danaiya
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Lancet (London, England)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10229
PG  - 1024-1024
SP  - 1024
EP  - 1024
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30719-4
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Diagnosing COVID-19: The Disease and Tools for Detection
AU  - Udugama, Buddhisha
AU  - Kadhiresan, Pranav
AU  - Kozlowski, Hannah N.
AU  - Malekjahani, Ayden
AU  - Osborne, Matthew
AU  - Li, Vanessa Y. C.
AU  - Chen, Hongmin
AU  - Mubareka, Samira
AU  - Gubbay, Jonathan
AU  - Chan, Warren C. W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 has spread globally since its discovery in Hubei province, China in December 2019. A combination of computed tomography imaging, whole genome sequencing, and electron microscopy were initially used to screen and identify SARS-CoV-2, the viral etiology of COVID-19. The aim of this review article is to inform the audience of diagnostic and surveillance technologies for SARS-CoV-2 and their performance characteristics. We describe point-of-care diagnostics that are on the horizon and encourage academics to advance their technologies beyond conception. Developing plug-and-play diagnostics to manage the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak would also be useful in preventing future epidemics.
JO  - ACS Nano
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1021/acsnano.0c02624
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.0c02624
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Response to Wen and Li. Anesthesia Procedure of Emergency Operation for Patients with Suspected or Confirmed COVID-19 (DOI: 10.1089/sur.2020.040)
AU  - Trujillo, Alexander
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Surgical Infections
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - sur.2020.088-sur.2020.088
SP  - sur.2020.088
EP  - sur.2020.088
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1089/sur.2020.088
UR  - https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/sur.2020.088
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Climate vs coronavirus: Why massive stimulus plans could represent missed opportunities
AU  - Tollefson, Jeff
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Economic bailouts could bolster green growth — or delay action and boost emissions.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00941-5
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00941-5
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Review article: Gastrointestinal features in COVID-19 and the possibility of faecal transmission
AU  - Tian, Yuan
AU  - Rong, Long
AU  - Nian, Weidong
AU  - He, Yan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: There is little published evidence on the gastrointestinal features of COVID-19. AIMS: To report on the gastrointestinal manifestations and pathological findings of patients with COVID-19 and discuss the possibility of faecal transmission METHODS: We have reviewed gastrointestinal features of, and faecal test results in, COVID-19 from case reports and retrospective clinical studies relating to the digestive system published since the outbreak. RESULTS: With an incidence of 3%(1/41)-79% (159/201), gastrointestinal symptoms of COVID-19 included anorexia 39.9%(55/138)-50.2%(101/201), diarrhoea 2%(2/99)-49.5%(146/295), vomiting 3.6%(5/138)-66.7%(4/6), nausea 1%(1/99)-29.4%(59/201), abdominal pain 2.2%(3/138)-6.0%(12/201), and gastrointestinal bleeding 4%(2/52)-13.7%(10/73). Diarrhoea was the most common gastrointestinal symptom in children and adults, with a mean duration of 4.1 ± 2.5 days, and was observed before and after diagnosis. Vomiting was more prominent in children. 3.6%(5/138)-15.9%(32/201) of adult patients presented vomiting and 6.5%(2/31)-66.7%(4/6) of children. Adult and children patients can present with digestive symptoms in the absence of respiratory symptoms. The incidence of digestive manifestations was higher in the later than in the early stage of the epidemic, but no differences in digestive symptoms among different regions were found. Among the group of patients with a higher proportion of severe cases, the proportion of gastrointestinal symptoms in severe patients was higher than that in non-severe patients (anorexia 66.7% vs 30.4%; abdominal pain 8.3% vs 0%); while in the group of patients with a lower severe rate, the proportion of gastrointestinal symptoms were similar in severe and non-severe cases (nausea and vomiting 6.9% vs 4.6%; diarrhoea 5.8% vs 3.5%). ACE2 receptor and virus nucleocapsid protein was detected in gastrointestinal epithelial cells, and infectious virus particles were isolated from faeces. Faecal PCR testing was as accurate as respiratory specimen PCR detection. About 36%(5/14)-53%(39/73) faecal PCR becomes positive, 2-5 days later than sputum PCR positive. Faecal excretion persisted after sputum excretion in 23%(17/73)-82%(54/66) patients for 1-11 days. CONCLUSIONS: Gastrointestinal symptoms are common in patients with COVID-19, and had an increased prevalence in the later stage of the recent epidemic. SARS-CoV-2 enters gastrointestinal epithelial cells, and the faeces of COVID-19 patients were infectious.
JO  - Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics
PB  - 
CY  - 
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IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/apt.15731
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: how coronavirus will change the face of general practice forever
AU  - Thornton, Jacqui
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - GPs say the covid-19 pandemic will bring about lasting change in how they work, Jacqui Thornton reports At practice level, primary care has altered dramatically in the past few weeks, with staff—clinical and administrative—adapting to new ways of working. At some practices, entrance doors are locked shut and prescriptions given out from a window. Red tape, appraisals, and routine work has been relaxed, and home visits hugely reduced. At the end of phone and video consultations, many patients are saying “thank you and good luck.” In one practice in Hampshire, where nearly half the reception and admin staff are off work as a precaution, senior partner Alex Fitzgerald-Barron said they are as ready as possible. “On the coal face, my whole team has given 110%: working hours have gone out the window, clinicians come in or video call on their day off, our local practices have been collaborating almost daily, and, for the stuff we can control, we feel as prepared as we can be,” he told The BMJ . Trish Greenhalgh, professor of primary care health sciences, who co-authored an article advising GPs on remote assessment for covid-19,1 said that GPs are working flat out. “They’re worried about how to manage patients and also whether the personal protection equipment (PPE) they’ve got is adequate. They are shifting to phone and video at an unprecedented pace,” Greenhalgh said. It’s a confusing situation; some practices are fired up, others are more anxious about what might happen in the coming weeks. For single-handed surgeries, and those that were already struggling before the outbreak, there is concern about how they’re coping in this new world. In early March, Nikita Kanani, NHS England’s medical director for primary care, wrote to GPs recommending telephone or video triage to avoid patients coming into surgeries.2 …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1279-m1279
SP  - m1279
EP  - m1279
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1279
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1279
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Physiotherapy management for COVID-19 in the acute hospital setting: clinical practice recommendations
AU  - Thomas, Peter
AU  - Baldwin, Claire
AU  - Bissett, Bernie
AU  - Boden, Ianthe
AU  - Gosselink, Rik
AU  - Granger, Catherine L.
AU  - Hodgson, Carol
AU  - Jones, Alice Y. M.
AU  - Kho, Michelle E.
AU  - Moses, Rachael
AU  - Ntoumenopoulos, George
AU  - Parry, Selina M.
AU  - Patman, Shane
AU  - van der Lee, Lisa
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This document outlines recommendations for physiotherapy management for COVID-19 in the acute hospital setting. It includes: recommendations for physiotherapy workforce planning and preparation; a screening tool for determining requirement for physiotherapy; and recommendations for the selection of physiotherapy treatments and personal protective equipment. It is intended for use by physiotherapists and other relevant stakeholders in the acute care setting caring for adult patients with suspected and/or confirmed COVID-19.
JO  - Journal of Physiotherapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphys.2020.03.011
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S183695532030028X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Stratégie de prise en charge nutritionnelle à l’hôpital au cours de l’épidémie virale Covid-19: avis d’experts de la Société Francophone de Nutrition Clinique et Métabolisme (SFNCM)
AU  - Thibault, Ronan
AU  - Quilliot, Didier
AU  - Seguin, Philippe
AU  - Tamion, Fabienne
AU  - Schneider, Stéphane
AU  - Déchelotte, Pierre
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Résumé L’épidémie virale causée par le nouveau Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 est responsable de la maladie liée au Coronavirus-2019 (Covid-19). Cette épidémie impose des bouleversements dans nos organisations en établissements de santé qui ne doivent pas occulter l’importance du soin nutritionnel pour tous les patients qui le nécessitent. Le diagnostic nutritionnel et la prise en charge nutritionnelle précoce des patients infectés Covid-19 doivent être intégrés dans la stratégie thérapeutique globale, comme pour toute situation aiguë d’agression métabolique. Ce document a été élaboré par la Société Francophone de Nutrition Clinique et Métabolisme (SFNCM) dans l’urgence de la crise sanitaire par un groupe d’experts, en se basant sur les recommandations nationales et internationales disponibles dans le domaine de la dénutrition, des états d‘agression métaboliques aigus et de la réanimation à la date du 23 mars 2020. Nous espérons qu’il apportera aux professionnels de santé, surtout non spécialisés en nutrition, des repères utiles pour la prise en charge des patients hospitalisés, infectés ou non par le Covid-19, en cette période d’épidémie et de confinement intra-hospitalier. The viral epidemic caused by the new Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is responsible for the new Coronavirus disease -2019 (Covid-19). This epidemic imposes upheavals in our organizations in healthcare centres which should not obscure the importance of nutritional care. The nutritional diagnosis and the early nutritional care management of Covid-19 infected patients must be integrated into the overall therapeutic strategy, as with any acute situation of acute illness. This document was prepared by the French speaking Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (SFNCM) in the emergency of the health crisis by a group of experts, based on the national and international recommendations available in the field of malnutrition, critical illness, metabolic stress and intensive care medicine on March 23, 2020. We hope that this article will bring to healthcare professionals, especially those not specialized in nutrition, useful landmarks to help them to manage hospitalized patients, infected or not by Covid-19 in the context of epidemic and intrahospital confinement.
JO  - Nutrition Clinique et Métabolisme
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nupar.2020.03.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0985056220303538
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: global consequences for oncology
AU  - The Lancet, Oncology
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 21
IS  - 4
PG  - 467
SP  - 467
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30175-3
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30175-3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: learning from experience
AU  - Lancet, The
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Lancet (London, England)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10229
PG  - 1011-1011
SP  - 1011
EP  - 1011
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30686-3
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Navigating the challenges of the COVID-19 outbreak: perspectives from the radiation oncology service in singapore
AU  - Tey, Jeremy
AU  - Ho, Shaun
AU  - Choo, Bok Ai
AU  - Ho, Francis
AU  - Yap, Swee Peng
AU  - Tuan, Jeffrey K. L.
AU  - Leong, Cheng Nang
AU  - Cheo, Timothy
AU  - Sommat, Kiattisa
AU  - Wang, Michael L. C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, pneumonia of unknown cause was reported by China to WHO. The outbreak was found to be caused by a coronavirus which was officially named “severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2” (SARS-CoV-2), and the disease caused by it was named ‘COVID-19’. The first case in Singapore was confirmed on 23rd January 2020. With lessons learnt from the SARS epidemic in 2003 and the H1N1 flu pandemic in 2009, Singapore was much better prepared to deal with the virus outbreak. The government has taken swift measures to contain and break the chain of transmission. Healthcare workers face the challenge of keeping patients and staff safe from the disease. There is a higher risk of mortality of COVID-19 in cancer patients and hence unique considerations for a radiation oncology department operating in an infectious disease outbreak. This article is the recommendations and adapted workflow from the two National Cancer Centres in Singapore with the endorsement by the working committee of the Chapter of Radiation Oncology, Academy of Medicine, Singapore. It highlights the challenges that radiation oncology departments in Singapore face and the appropriate recommended responses. This includes interventions, business continuity plans and workflow in managing a COVID-19 positive patient on radiotherapy.
JO  - Radiotherapy and Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radonc.2020.03.030
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016781402030164X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Severe Outcomes Among Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) - United States, February 12-March 16, 2020
AU  - Team, Cdc Covid-Response
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Globally, approximately 170,000 confirmed cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) have been reported, including an estimated 7,000 deaths in approximately 150 countries (1). On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared the COVID-19 outbreak a pandemic (2). Data from China have indicated that older adults, particularly those with serious underlying health conditions, are at higher risk for severe COVID-19-associated illness and death than are younger persons (3). Although the majority of reported COVID-19 cases in China were mild (81%), approximately 80% of deaths occurred among adults aged ≥60 years; only one (0.1%) death occurred in a person aged ≤19 years (3). In this report, COVID-19 cases in the United States that occurred during February 12-March 16, 2020 and severity of disease (hospitalization, admission to intensive care unit [ICU], and death) were analyzed by age group. As of March 16, a total of 4,226 COVID-19 cases in the United States had been reported to CDC, with multiple cases reported among older adults living in long-term care facilities (4). Overall, 31% of cases, 45% of hospitalizations, 53% of ICU admissions, and 80% of deaths associated with COVID-19 were among adults aged ≥65 years with the highest percentage of severe outcomes among persons aged ≥85 years. In contrast, no ICU admissions or deaths were reported among persons aged ≤19 years. Similar to reports from other countries, this finding suggests that the risk for serious disease and death from COVID-19 is higher in older age groups.
JO  - MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 69
IS  - 12
PG  - 343-346
SP  - 343
EP  - 346
AN  - 
DO  - 10.15585/mmwr.mm6912e2
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Italian Society of Interventional Cardiology (GISE) Position Paper for Cath lab-specific Preparedness Recommendations for Healthcare providers in case of suspected, probable or confirmed cases of COVID-19
AU  - Tarantini, Giuseppe
AU  - Fraccaro, Chiara
AU  - Chieffo, Alaide
AU  - Marchese, Alfredo
AU  - Tarantino, Fabio Felice
AU  - Rigattieri, Stefano
AU  - Limbruno, Ugo
AU  - Mauro, Ciro
AU  - La Manna, Alessio
AU  - Castiglioni, Battistina
AU  - Longoni, Matteo
AU  - Berti, Sergio
AU  - Greco, Francesco
AU  - Musumeci, Giuseppe
AU  - Esposito, Giovanni
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 pandemic raised the issue to guarantee the proper level of care to patients with acute cardiovascular diseases and concomitant suspected or confirmed COVID-19 and, in the meantime safety and protection of healthcare providers. The aim of this position paper is to provide standards to healthcare facilities and healthcare providers on infection prevention and control measures during the management of suspected and confirmed cases of 2019-nCoV infection accessing in cath-lab. The document represents the view of the Italian Society of Interventional Cardiology (GISE), and it is based on recommendations from the main World and European Health Organizations (WHO, and ECDC) as well as from the Italian Society of Anesthesia, Analgesia, Resuscitation and Intensive Care (SIAARTI). This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions : official journal of the Society for Cardiac Angiography & Interventions
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/ccd.28888
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: Trump extends physical distancing to 30 April, as cases climb in New York
AU  - Tanne, Janice Hopkins
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - President Donald Trump has extended physical distancing guidelines for the US to 30 April, reversing his earlier call for them to end on 30 March and for the nation to “get back to business” by Easter (12 April). He said that that had been “an aspirational goal.” Trump said that on 31 March he would present a plan for the future approach to the epidemic in the US. Trump predicted that the peak of US deaths would occur in about two weeks and that by 1 June the nation would be well on the way to recovery. He has apparently abandoned his plan to rank the nation’s 3007 counties as being at low, medium, or high risk and to permit some to reopen soon for business. The US had 143 055 cases …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1289-m1289
SP  - m1289
EP  - m1289
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1289
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1289
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Migraine Care in the Era of COVID-19: Clinical Pearls and Plea to Insurers
AU  - Szperka, Christina L.
AU  - Ailani, Jessica
AU  - Barmherzig, Rebecca
AU  - Klein, Brad C.
AU  - Minen, Mia T.
AU  - Halker Singh, Rashmi B.
AU  - Shapiro, Robert E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Objective To outline strategies for the treatment of migraine which do not require in-person visits to clinic or the emergency department, and to describe ways that health insurance companies can remove barriers to quality care for migraine. Background COVID-19 is a global pandemic causing wide-spread infections and death. To control the spread of infection we are called to observe ?social distancing? and we have been asked to postpone any procedures which are not essential. Since procedural therapies are a mainstay of headache care, the inability to do procedures could negatively affect our patients with migraine. In this manuscript we review alternative therapies, with particular attention to those which may be contra-indicated in the setting of COVID-19 infection. Design/Results The manuscript reviews the use of telemedicine visits and acute, bridge, and preventive therapies for migraine. We focus on evidence-based treatment where possible, but also describe ?real world? strategies which may be tried. In each section we call out areas where changes to rules from commercial health insurance companies would facilitate better migraine care. Conclusions Our common goal as health care providers is to maximize the health and safety of our patients. Successful management of migraine with avoidance of in-person patient clinic and emergency department visits further benefits the current urgent overall societal goal of maintaining social distance to contain the COVID-19 pandemic.
JO  - Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/head.13810
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/head.13810
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Does Employee Quality Affect Corporate Social Responsibility? Evidence from China
AU  - Sun, Shilu
AU  - Li, Tiantian
AU  - Ma, Hong
AU  - Li, Rita Yi Man
AU  - Gouliamos, Kostas
AU  - Zheng, Jianming
AU  - Han, Yan
AU  - Manta, Otilia
AU  - Comite, Ubaldo
AU  - Barros, Teresa
AU  - Duarte, Nelson
AU  - Yue, Xiao-Guang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This paper investigated the impact of employee quality on corporate social responsibility (CSR). Based on data from China A-share-listed companies for the years 2012&ndash;2016 and using ordinary least squares, our empirical results show that the educational level of the workforce, as a proxy for employee quality, is positively associated with CSR, which suggests that higher education can promote CSR implementation. Additional analyses found that this positive relationship is more pronounced in non-state-owned enterprises, enterprises in regions with lower marketisation processes, and firms with lower proportions of independent directors. This study extends the literature on human capital at the level of firms&rsquo; entire workforce and CSR by elaborating the positive effect of employee quality on CSR in the context of an emerging economy (China). The results suggest that it is necessary to consider the educational level of employees when analysing CSR, which is of strategic significance for corporate sustainable development.
JO  - Sustainability 2020, Vol. 12, Page 2692
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 12
IS  - 7
PG  - 2692-2692
SP  - 2692
EP  - 2692
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/SU12072692
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Neuroinfection may potentially contribute to pathophysiology and clinical manifestations of COVID-19
AU  - Steardo, Luca
AU  - Steardo, Luca, Jr.
AU  - Zorec, Robert
AU  - Verkhratsky, Alexei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The new coronavirus, classified as SARS-CoV-2 that emerged in Hubei province in China, causes a new coronavirus disease, which was termed COVID-19 by WHO on February 11, 2020. COVID-19 claimed almost 19000 lives around the world by March 25, 2020.
JO  - Acta physiologica (Oxford, England)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - e13473-e13473
SP  - e13473
EP  - e13473
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/apha.13473
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Proposal for international standardization of the use of lung ultrasound for COVID-19 patients; a simple, quantitative, reproducible method
AU  - Soldati, Gino
AU  - Smargiassi, Andrea
AU  - Inchingolo, Riccardo
AU  - Buonsenso, Danilo
AU  - Perrone, Tiziano
AU  - Briganti, Domenica Federica
AU  - Perlini, Stefano
AU  - Torri, Elena
AU  - Mariani, Alberto
AU  - Mossolani, Elisa Eleonora
AU  - Tursi, Francesco
AU  - Mento, Federico
AU  - Demi, Libertario
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Growing evidences are showing the usefulness of lung ultrasound in patients with COVID-19. Sars-CoV-2 has now spread in almost every country in the world. In this study, we share our experience and propose a standardized approach in order to optimize the use of lung ultrasound in covid-19 patients. We focus on equipment, procedure, classification and data-sharing. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jum.15285
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jum.15285
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Metaphors of Coronavirus in Contemporary Media
AU  - Shymanskaya, O. Yu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The article deals with the universal metaphorical models of coronavirus in Belarusian, Russian, and English based on the contemporary mediatexts. Such models as “aggressor”, “war”, “fire”, “plague”, and “wave” are manifested and analysed. Comparing the three languages, the author reveals similarity based on common cognitive settings. At the same time some deeper conclusions are made concerning metaphorical reframing of reality and consciousness. The author provides translation of the Belarusian and Russian metaphors thus making practical solutions for media texts translation
JO  - Filologicke Vedomosti
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 1
PG  - 13-15
SP  - 13
EP  - 15
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=42577725
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cancer Research Ethics and COVID-19
AU  - Shuman, Andrew G.
AU  - Pentz, Rebecca D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Oncologist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1634/theoncologist.2020-0221
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1634/theoncologist.2020-0221
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Structural basis of receptor recognition by SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Shang, Jian
AU  - Ye, Gang
AU  - Shi, Ke
AU  - Wan, Yushun
AU  - Luo, Chuming
AU  - Aihara, Hideki
AU  - Geng, Qibin
AU  - Auerbach, Ashley
AU  - Li, Fang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A novel SARS-like coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) recently emerged and is rapidly spreading in humans1,2. A key to tackling this epidemic is to understand the virus’s receptor recognition mechanism, which regulates its infectivity, pathogenesis and host range. SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV recognize the same receptor - human ACE2 (hACE2)3,4. Here we determined the crystal structure of the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD) (engineered to facilitate crystallization) in complex with hACE2. Compared with the SARS-CoV RBD, a hACE2-binding ridge in SARS-CoV-2 RBD takes a more compact conformation; moreover, several residue changes in SARS-CoV-2 RBD stabilize two virus-binding hotspots at the RBD/hACE2 interface. These structural features of SARS-CoV-2 RBD enhance its hACE2-binding affinity. Additionally, we show that RaTG13, a bat coronavirus closely related to SARS-CoV-2, also uses hACE2 as its receptor. The differences among SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV and RaTG13 in hACE2 recognition shed light on potential animal-to-human transmission of SARS-CoV-2. This study provides guidance for intervention strategies targeting receptor recognition by SARS-CoV-2.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41586-020-2179-y
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2179-y
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Adaptations de la prise en charge des patients en Nutrition Artificielle à Domicile au cours de l’épidémie virale COVID-19 en France: avis du Comité de Nutrition à Domicile de la Société Francophone de Nutrition Clinique et Métabolisme (SFNCM)
AU  - Schneider, Stéphane M.
AU  - Albert, Véronique
AU  - Barbier, Nathalie
AU  - Barnoud, Didier
AU  - Bouteloup, Corinne
AU  - Chambrier, Cécile
AU  - Fayemendy, Philippe
AU  - Flori, Nicolas
AU  - Goulet, Olivier
AU  - Guimber, Dominique
AU  - Jirka, Adam
AU  - Joly, Francisca
AU  - Lescut, Dominique
AU  - Neuville, Sébastien
AU  - Piquet, Marie-Astrid
AU  - Poullenot, Florian
AU  - Quilliot, Didier
AU  - Séguy, David
AU  - Stocco, Jeanick
AU  - Thibault, Ronan
AU  - Déchelotte, Pierre
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Résumé La nutrition artificielle à domicile, entérale ou parentérale, s’adresse à des malades chroniques fragiles. La situation actuelle de pandémie COVID-19 peut compromettre leur prise en charge à plusieurs niveaux : difficultés d’accès aux établissements de santé largement réorientés vers la prise en charge des malades COVID-19, possible pénurie d’infirmières à domicile, forte réduction des visites des prestataires de service à domicile, tensions sur les solutions hydro-alcooliques, les masques et les régulateurs de débit. Le but de ces recommandations établies par le Comité de Nutrition à Domicile de la Société Francophone de Nutrition Clinique et Métabolisme est, d’une part, de préciser la prise en charge minimale de ces patients, tant en termes de suivi que de matériels, mais surtout de s’adapter aux tensions actuelles relatives aux personnes et aux matériels, afin de poursuivre une prise en charge de qualité et de ne pas compromettre l’état de santé des patients en nutrition artificielle à domicile pendant la crise. Home artificial nutrition, whether enteral or parenteral, is provided to chronic and fragile patients. The current COVID-19 epidemics may compromise their care at several levels: difficulties to access to hospitals mainly focused on treating COVID-19 patients, possible lack of nurses at home, strong reduction of visits by homecare providers, tended flow or lack of hand sanitizers, surgical masks and pumps. The aim of these recommendations put together by the French-speaking Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (SFNCM)’s Home Artificial Nutrition Committee is to define in terms of healthcare resources the minimum care to provide to these patients. We also aim to help cope with the possible tensions, in order to secure the care we must provide to home artificial nutrition patients during this crisis.
JO  - Nutrition Clinique et Métabolisme
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nupar.2020.03.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S098505622030354X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The human rights of children with disabilities during health emergencies: the challenge of COVID-19
AU  - Schiariti, Verónica
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Several translations of this editorial are available in the online issue.
JO  - Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/dmcn.14526
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/dmcn.14526
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Community Transmitted Case of Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome due to SARS CoV2 in the United States
AU  - Sanville, Bradley
AU  - Corbett, Rebecca
AU  - Pidcock, Wesley
AU  - Hardin, Kaitlyn
AU  - Sebat, Christian
AU  - Nguyen, Minh-Vu
AU  - Thompson, George R.
AU  - Haczku, Angela
AU  - Schivo, Michael
AU  - Cohen, Stuart
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa347
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa347/5813637
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Rules for scientific progress while living with the COVID-19 Pandemic: from ‘benchside’ to ‘fireside.’
AU  - Samantha Z. Brown, Angelo V. Charles J. Yeo
AU  - Jonathan, R. Brody
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Cancer Biology & Therapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/15384047.2020.1747775
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/15384047.2020.1747775
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Helen Salisbury: Fear in the time of covid
AU  - Salisbury, Helen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - While London’s hospitals are already nearing capacity, many other areas are still in the “phoney war” stage of this pandemic. Never has so much work been done, so quickly, in so many hospitals. New critical care wards have been created, operating suites repurposed, and emergency departments completely reorganised to try to concentrate infective patients in one place. Changes that would usually have taken years of wrangling about money have happened in the space of a week, with superhuman efforts from healthcare workers and managers alike. I am in awe. Our academic colleagues are also working in overdrive, …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1286-m1286
SP  - m1286
EP  - m1286
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1286
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1286
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Global health training in U.S. emergency medicine residency programs
AU  - Rybarczyk, Megan M.
AU  - Muck, Andrew
AU  - Kolkowitz, Ilan
AU  - Tupesis, Janis P.
AU  - Jacquet, Gabrielle A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Objectives Formal education in Global Health (GH) and short-term experiences in Global Health (STEGH) are offered by many Emergency Medicine (EM) residency programs in the United States (US). In an increasingly connected world, training in GH and STEGH can provide essential knowledge and practical skills to trainees, particularly at the Graduate Medical Education (GME) level. The current core programmatic components and the essential competencies and curricula that support ethical and effective STEGH, however, still vary widely. The authors conducted a survey of 228 EM residency programs in the US in order to describe the current state of GH training and STEGH. Methods An online survey was developed in REDCap by the authors a team of GH faculty. In July 2018 programs were invited to participate via individual invitation of program directors from a directory. The programs received two reminders to participate until January 2019. Results Of the 84 programs that responded, 75% offer STEGH and 39% have longitudinal GH curricula. Within these programs, only 55% have dedicated GH faculty and only 70% have dedicated sites. Both faculty and residents encounter funding and insurance barriers; most notably, only 20% of programs that offer STEGH provide evacuation insurance for their residents. Most residents (95%) engage in clinical work along with teaching and other activities, but 24% of programs do not allow these activities to fulfill any residency requirements. Finally, only 80% and 85% of programs offer preparatory and debriefing activities for residents, respectively. Conclusions While the results of this survey show progress relative to prior surveys, there is still barriers to implementing GH curricula and supporting safe, ethical, and effective STEGH, particularly in the form of continued financial and logistical support for faculty and for residents, in US EM training programs.
JO  - AEM Education and Training
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/aet2.10451
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/aet2.10451
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - EXPRESS: Care of patients with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension during the Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic
AU  - Ryan, John J.
AU  - Melendres, Lana
AU  - Zamanian, Roham
AU  - Oudiz, Ronald
AU  - Chakinala, Murali M.
AU  - Rosenzweig, Erika B.
AU  - Gomberg-Maitland, Mardi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Pulmonary Circulation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 204589402092015-204589402092015
SP  - 204589402092015
EP  - 204589402092015
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/2045894020920153
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1177/2045894020920153 http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/2045894020920153
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Likelihood of survival of coronavirus disease 2019
AU  - Ruan, Shigui
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30257-7
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30257-7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Maximizing the Calm Before the Storm: Tiered Surgical Response Plan for Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19)
AU  - Ross, Samuel Wade
AU  - Lauer, Cynthia W.
AU  - Miles, William S.
AU  - Green, John M.
AU  - Christmas, A. Britton
AU  - May, Addison K.
AU  - Matthews, Brent D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) was first diagnosed in Wuhan, China in December 2019 and has now spread throughout the world, being verified by the World Health Organization as a Pandemic on March 11th. This had led to the calling of a national emergency on March 13th in the United States. Many hospitals, healthcare networks, and specifically Departments of Surgery are asking the same questions of how to cope and plan for surge capacity, personnel attrition, novel infrastructure utilization, and resource exhaustion. Herein, we present a tiered plan for surgical department planning based on incident command levels. This includes Acute Care Surgeon deployment (given their critical care training and vertically integrated position in the hospital), recommended infrastructure and transfer utilization, triage principles, and faculty, resident and advanced care practitioner deployment.
JO  - Journal of the American College of Surgeons
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2020.03.019
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1072751520302635
NS  - 
N1  - Qingxia Zhong (2020-04-01 00:48:30)(Screen): doi error; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Evaluation of saline, phosphate buffered saline and minimum essential medium as potential alternatives to viral transport media for SARS-CoV-2 testing
AU  - Rodino, Kyle G.
AU  - Espy, Mark J.
AU  - Buckwalter, Seanne P.
AU  - Walchak, Robert C.
AU  - Germer, Jeffery J.
AU  - Fernholz, Emily
AU  - Boerger, Aimee
AU  - Schuetz, Audrey N.
AU  - Yao, Joseph D.
AU  - Binnicker, Matthew J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), has caused a global pandemic since being discovered in late 2019.…
JO  - Journal of Clinical Microbiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - JCM.00590-20
SP  - JCM.00590
EP  - 20
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1128/jcm.00590-20
UR  - https://jcm.asm.org/content/jcm/early/2020/03/27/JCM.00590-20.full.pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - High population densities catalyze the spread of COVID-19
AU  - Rocklöv, J.
AU  - Sjödin, H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Travel Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/jtm/taaa038
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/jtm/advance-article/doi/10.1093/jtm/taaa038/5807719
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Getting the right PPE: five minutes with . . . Sarah Hallett
AU  - Rimmer, Abi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The chair of the BMA Junior Doctors Committee discusses what to do if you think you might not have the proper protective equipment “We’ve heard that deliveries of personal protective equipment (PPE) are being rolled out to hospitals and GP practices, but currently we know that many doctors on the front line still don’t have adequate access to proper PPE. “The BMA has made strong calls for the government to resolve the matter immediately.1 We have concerns that without proper protection, …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1287-m1287
SP  - m1287
EP  - m1287
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1287
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1287
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Dealing with psychological distress by healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 pandemia TT - Umgang mit psychischer Belastung bei Gesundheitsfachkraften im Rahmen der Covid-19-Pandemie
AU  - Petzold, Moritz Bruno
AU  - Plag, Jens
AU  - Strohle, Andreas
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: In the current COVID-19 pandemia, health workers from all professions are facing great challenges in coping with the crisis. In this situation health professionals are confronted with specific stressors and risks not only for the physical but also for the mental health. OBJECTIVE: This article summarizes the first recommendations for the reduction of stress and psychological burden in health professionals during the current COVID-19 pandemia. METHODS: The recommendations of the World Health Organization, the United Nations and the International Red Cross Society are summarized. Recommendations for the reduction of stress and psychological distress in health professionals as well as important factors that team leaders can consider in order to reduce psychological distress in employees are presented. RESULTS: The normalization of strong emotions and stress, the fulfillment of basic needs, social support, clear communication and distribution of tasks, flexible working hours and the utilization of psychosocial and psychological help without stigmatization seem to be particularly important measures. CONCLUSION: This article presents guidelines for health professionals and team leaders in healthcare that help to maintain mental health during the COVID-19 pandemia.
JO  - Der Nervenarzt
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00115-020-00905-0
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Diagnosis and Treatment Plan for COVID-19 (Trial Version 6) How COVID-19 Outbreak Is Impacting Colorectal Cancer Patients in Italy: A Long Shadow Beyond Infection
AU  - Pellino, Gianluca
AU  - Spinelli, Antonino
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Chinese Medical Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Publish Ahead of Print
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00029330-900000000-99321
DO  - 10.1097/cm9.0000000000000819 10.1097/dcr.0000000000001685
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/cmj/Fulltext/publishahead/Diagnosis_and_Treatment_Plan_for_COVID_19__Trial.99321.aspx https://journals.lww.com/dcrjournal/Fulltext/publishahead/How_COVID_19_Outbreak_Is_Impacting_Colorectal.99704.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: Over 300 Italian doctors and scientists call for more testing
AU  - Paterlini, Marta
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1274-m1274
SP  - m1274
EP  - m1274
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1274
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19 and long term conditions: what if you have cancer, diabetes, or chronic kidney disease?
AU  - Paterlini, Marta
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - More than 300 Italian doctors and scientists have called on the prime minister, Giuseppe Conte, and local authorities to use their skills and facilities to ramp up RNA testing to identify mild and asymptomatic cases of covid-19, which they have said account for 80% of all cases and are helping to spread the contagion. “Given the dramatic emergency in which our country finds itself, we consider it our civic duty to intervene as scientists equipped with technical skills,” they said in an open letter to the heads of national and regional government. “In many other countries (including China, France, Austria, and Germany) academic laboratories with high level skills have been co-opted in order to provide equipment and staff for the …
JO  - BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1270-m1270
SP  - m1270
EP  - m1270
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1270
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32220862 http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1270 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32220899
NS  - 
N1  - Qingxia Zhong (2020-04-01 00:32:25)(Screen): correction to: 15291; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Identification of a potential mechanism of acute kidney injury during the COVID-19 outbreak: a study based on single-cell transcriptome analysis
AU  - Pan, Xiu-wu
AU  - Xu, Da
AU  - Zhang, Hao
AU  - Zhou, Wang
AU  - Wang, Lin-hui
AU  - Cui, Xin-gang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Intensive Care Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00134-020-06026-1
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00134-020-06026-1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Midwives in a pandemic: A call for solidarity and compassion
AU  - O’Connell, Maeve
AU  - Crowther, Susan
AU  - Ravaldi, Claudia
AU  - Homer, Caroline
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Women and Birth
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wombi.2020.03.008
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1871519220302092
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cull, release or bring them home: Coronavirus crisis forces hard decisions for labs with animals
AU  - Nowogrodzki, Anna
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As universities scale back operations and scientists observe stay-at-home orders, many are struggling to protect their research and the animals that power it.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00964-y
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00964-y
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel Coronavirus Infection (COVID-19) in Humans: A Scoping Review and Meta-Analysis
AU  - Borges do Nascimento, Israel Júnior
AU  - Cacic, Nensi
AU  - Abdulazeem, Hebatullah Mohamed
AU  - von Groote, Thilo Caspar
AU  - Jayarajah, Umesh
AU  - Weerasekara, Ishanka
AU  - Esfahani, Meisam Abdar
AU  - Civile, Vinicius Tassoni
AU  - Marusic, Ana
AU  - Jeroncic, Ana
AU  - Carvas Junior, Nelson
AU  - Pericic, Tina Poklepovic
AU  - Zakarija-Grkovic, Irena
AU  - Meirelles Guimarães, Silvana Mangeon
AU  - Luigi Bragazzi, Nicola
AU  - Bjorklund, Maria
AU  - Sofi-Mahmudi, Ahmad
AU  - Altujjar, Mohammad
AU  - Tian, Maoyi
AU  - Arcani, Diana Maria Cespedes
AU  - O’Mathúna, Dónal P.
AU  - Marcolino, Milena Soriano
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A growing body of literature on the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is becoming available, but a synthesis of available data has not been conducted. We performed a scoping review of currently available clinical, epidemiological, laboratory, and chest imaging data related to the SARS-CoV-2 infection. We searched MEDLINE, Cochrane CENTRAL, EMBASE, Scopus and LILACS from 01 January 2019 to 24 February 2020. Study selection, data extraction and risk of bias assessment were performed by two independent reviewers. Qualitative synthesis and meta-analysis were conducted using the clinical and laboratory data, and random-effects models were applied to estimate pooled results. A total of 61 studies were included (59,254 patients). The most common disease-related symptoms were fever (82%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 56%&ndash;99%; n = 4410), cough (61%, 95% CI 39%&ndash;81%; n = 3985), muscle aches and/or fatigue (36%, 95% CI 18%&ndash;55%; n = 3778), dyspnea (26%, 95% CI 12%&ndash;41%; n = 3700), headache in 12% (95% CI 4%&ndash;23%, n = 3598 patients), sore throat in 10% (95% CI 5%&ndash;17%, n = 1387) and gastrointestinal symptoms in 9% (95% CI 3%&ndash;17%, n = 1744). Laboratory findings were described in a lower number of patients and revealed lymphopenia (0.93 &times; 109/L, 95% CI 0.83&ndash;1.03 &times; 109/L, n = 464) and abnormal C-reactive protein (33.72 mg/dL, 95% CI 21.54&ndash;45.91 mg/dL; n = 1637). Radiological findings varied, but mostly described ground-glass opacities and consolidation. Data on treatment options were limited. All-cause mortality was 0.3% (95% CI 0.0%&ndash;1.0%; n = 53,631). Epidemiological studies showed that mortality was higher in males and elderly patients. The majority of reported clinical symptoms and laboratory findings related to SARS-CoV-2 infection are non-specific. Clinical suspicion, accompanied by a relevant epidemiological history, should be followed by early imaging and virological assay.
JO  - Journal of Clinical Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 4
PG  - 941
SP  - 941
EP  - 
AN  - doi:10.3390/jcm9040941
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/9/4/941
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Late Arrival of COVID-19 in Africa - Mitigating Pan-Continental Spread
AU  - Nachega, Jean B.
AU  - Seydi, Moussa
AU  - Zumla, Alimuddin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa353
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa353/5813601
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The emotional impact of COVID-19: from medical staff to common people
AU  - Montemurro, Nicola
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Brain, Behavior, and Immunity
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2020.03.032
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0889159120304116
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - No Evidence of Rapid Antiviral Clearance or Clinical Benefit with the Combination of Hydroxychloroquine and Azithromycin in Patients with Severe COVID-19 Infection
AU  - Molina, Jean Michel
AU  - Delaugerre, Constance
AU  - Goff, Jerome Le
AU  - Mela-Lima, Breno
AU  - Ponscarme, Diane
AU  - Goldwirt, Lauriane
AU  - de Castro, Nathalie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Médecine et Maladies Infectieuses
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medmal.2020.03.006
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0399077X20300858
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: one threat, one world, one response (magical thinking)
AU  - Miró, Òscar
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Journal of Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Publish Ahead of Print
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00063110-900000000-99115
DO  - 10.1097/mej.0000000000000707
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/euro-emergencymed/Fulltext/publishahead/COVID_19__one_threat,_one_world,_one_response.99115.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Maternity protection-also during the corona crisis TT - Mutterschutz - auch im Zeitalter der Coronakrise
AU  - Michels, Guido
AU  - Ochmann, Uta
AU  - Cranen, Rita
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Pregnant employees should be protected, particularly in crisis situations. The Maternity Protection Act states that employees are not allowed to have contact with infectious people, including people with SARS-CoV-2 infections; no new regulation is required here.
JO  - Medizinische Klinik, Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00063-020-00677-0
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - No time for dilemma: mass gatherings must be suspended
AU  - Memish, Ziad A.
AU  - Ahmed, Qanta A.
AU  - Schlagenhauf, Patricia
AU  - Doumbia, Seydou
AU  - Khan, Anas
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30754-6
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30754-6
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Plano de contingência estadual para infecção humana pelo novo Coronavírus CoViD-19
AU  - Mato Grosso . Secretaria de, Saúde
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Desde 31 de dezembro de 2019, a cidade chinesa de Wuhan registrou um surto de pneumonia atípica causada pelo novo coronavírus de 2019 (COVID-19). O número de infectados e doentes cresce em ritmo exponencial alcançando outros países além da China, e em 30 de janeiro de 2020 a Organização Mundial da Saúde emitiu a Declaração de Emergência em Saúde Pública de Importância Internacional. Até o momento foram confirmados 31.529 casos no mundo, sendo 638 óbitos e 12 países reportaram casos confirmados. Diante deste cenário o Ministério da Saúde declarou Emergência em Saúde Pública de Importância Nacional (ESPIN) em 3 de fevereiro, Portaria N. º 188, de 2020. A partir destes eventos a Secretaria Estadual de Saúde passou a desenvolver ações para preparação e respostas orientadas pelo Plano de Contingência Estadual, que segue os princípios utilizados pelo Plano de Contingência Nacional para Infecção Humana pelo novo Coronavírus (COVID-19) em caso de surto. Este documento pauta se na estratégia de níveis de ativação e respostas: Preparação e Emergência em Saúde Pública, e orienta que os municípios se organizem segundo estas estratégias.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://portalarquivos2.saude.gov.br/images/pdf/2020/fevereiro/13/PLANO-DE-CONTINGENCIA-novo-coronavirus-MATO-GROSSO-EM-REVIS--O.pdf http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/wsbts
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Plano estadual de contingência do novo Coronavírus 2019-nCoV
AU  - Maranhão . Secretaria de, Saúde
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Com o surgimento do novo coronavírus (2019-nCoV) na China, com mais de 11 mil casos confirmados em 27 países, até 31 de janeiro de 2020, o mundo está diante de um cenário epidemiológico preocupante de emergência em saúde pública com risco iminente de introdução nos demais países, sendo imprescindível que os serviços de saúde de todas as nações estejam preparados para o enfrentamento do novo agente infeccioso. No Brasil, os estados vêm fortalecendo as suas capacidades básicas para a detecção e resposta ao 2019-nCoV, que é zoonótico e causa doenças respiratórias. Nesse contexto, são indispensáveis a implementação e o fortalecimento de políticas públicas de saúde que possam contribuir para minimizar os impactos de uma epidemia, contudo, sua eficiência está condicionada a atuação conjunta e ordenada dos setores públicos e privados. Partindo dessa compreensão, e observando as diretrizes nacionais propostas pela Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde/Ministério da Saúde ­ SVS/MS, a Secretaria de Estado da Saúde do Maranhão (SES/MA) vem juntando esforços no sentido de promover resposta coordenada para uma situação de instalação da doença no estado.O Plano de Contingência para o 2019-nCov no Maranhão, elaborado com base no modelo de Gestão de Riscos, propõe a identificação de ações de gestão, vigilância epidemiológica e sanitária, assistência à saúde, diagnóstico e educação em saúde, onde contempla os três níveis de resposta e as ações em cada nível, conforme o perfil epidemiológico do momento. Os três níveis de resposta são: Alerta, Perigo Iminente e Emergência em Saúde Pública de Importância Nacional ­ ESPIN. Espera-se que esta versão do Plano de Contingência para o 2019-nCov responda as necessidades locais para minimizar o avanço da doença, caso haja introdução do vírus no estado. Considerando que estamos diante de um novo agente infeccioso, com algumas incertezas sobre suas características (transmissibilidade, letalidade, infectividade e outros), e que os serviços de saúde precisam estar preparados a resposta, o Plano de Contingência é de extrema importância para as orientações dos serviços de saúde.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://portalarquivos2.saude.gov.br/images/pdf/2020/fevereiro/13/PLANO-DE-CONTINGENCIA-novo-coronavirus-MARANH--O-EM-REVIS--O.pdf http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/z9bhr
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Plano estadual de contingência para o enfrentamento da infecção humana pelo novo Coronavírus (2019- nCoV)
AU  - Goiás . Secretaria de, Saúde
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://portalarquivos2.saude.gov.br/images/pdf/2020/fevereiro/13/PLANO-DE-CONTINGENCIA-novo-coronavirus-GOIAS-EM-REVIS--O.pdf http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/cmcck
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recommandations CCAFU sur la prise en charge des cancers de l’appareil urogénital en période d’épidémie au Coronavirus COVID-19
AU  - Mejean, Arnaud
AU  - Rouprêt, Morgan
AU  - Rozet, François
AU  - Bensalah, Karim
AU  - Murez, Thibaut
AU  - Game, Xavier
AU  - Rebillard, Xavier
AU  - Mallet, Richard
AU  - Faix, Antoine
AU  - Mongiat-Artus, Pierre
AU  - Fournier, Georges
AU  - Neuzillet, Yann
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Aim: The French population is facing the COVID-19 pandemic and the health systems have been reoriented in emergency for the care of patients with coronavirus. The management of cancers of the urinary and male genital tracts must be adapted to this context. Material and method: An expert opinion documented by a literature review was formulated by the Cancerology Committee of the French Association of Urology (CCAFU). Results: The medical and surgical management of patients with any cancers of the urinary and male genital tracts must be adapted by modifying the consultation methods, by prioritizing interventions according to the intrinsic prognosis of cancers, taking into account the patient's comorbidities. The protection of urologists from COVID-19 must be considered. Conclusion: The CCAFU issues an expert opinion on the measure to be taken to adapt the management of cancers of the male urinary and genital tract to the context of pandemic by COVID-19. [[[fr]]]Résumé Objectif: La population française est confrontée à la pandémie de COVID-19 et le systèmes de santé a été réorienté en urgence pour la prise en charge des patients atteint du coronavirus. La prise en charge des cancers de l’appareil urinaire et génital masculin doit être adaptée à ce contexte. Matériel et méthode: Un avis d’experts documenté par une revue de la littérature a été formulé par le Comité de Cancérologie de l’Association Française d’Urologie (CCAFU). Résultats: La prise en charge médicale et chirurgicale des patients atteint de cancers de l’appareil urinaire et génital masculin doit être adaptée en modifiant les modalités de consultation, en priorisant les interventions en fonction du pronostic intrinsèque des cancers en tenant compte des comorbidités du patient. La protection des urologues vis-à-vis du COVID-19 doit être prise en considération. Conclusion: Le CCAFU émet un avis d’experts quant aux mesures à prendre pour adapter la prise en charge des cancers de l’appareil urinaire et génital masculin au contexte de pandémie par COVID-19
JO  - Progrès en Urologie
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.purol.2020.03.009
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1166708720301020
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A critical COVID metric: your ED staff infection rate
AU  - McLean, Samuel
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - If you're like me, in recent days you've experienced moments of fear. Feelings like when you woke up in bed at night as a kid, and saw a dark shadow in the corner, and wondered if it was going to get you. If you're like me, in recent days you've also experienced awe at so many triumphs over such fear, individual and collective - our 65 year old ED clerk showing up to their shift, through great anxiety, or healthcare providers boarding buses heading into the teeth of the Wuhan epidemic. The pages of AEM this month provide further examples of such triumphs, of individuals in a time and place of great stress overcoming the impulse to curl up and focus on themselves, and instead expanding beyond themselves to help others. This is the finest tradition of humanity and medicine, and all of these efforts at service through science inspire and give heart.
JO  - Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/acem.13974
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - International Perspectives Concerning Donor Milk Banking During the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Pandemic
AU  - Marinelli, Kathleen A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Human Lactation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 0890334420917661-0890334420917661
SP  - 0890334420917661
EP  - 0890334420917661
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/0890334420917661
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1177/0890334420917661
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: Mercedes F1 to provide breathing aid as alternative to ventilator
AU  - Mahase, Elisabeth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Mercedes F1 will produce continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) machines for the NHS to use on covid-19 patients with serious lung infections, as a less invasive alternative to ventilators. In collaboration with mechanical engineers at University College London and clinicians at University College London Hospital (UCLH), the Formula One company has produced a CPAP machine that can be rapidly reproduced. It has now been approved by the Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency. One hundred devices are being delivered to UCLH for clinical trials, with many more planned for roll out across the country. CPAP machines—used for sleep apnoea—work by pushing an air-oxygen mix into the mouth and nose at a …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1294-m1294
SP  - m1294
EP  - m1294
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1294
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1294
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Potential Effects of Coronaviruses on the Cardiovascular System
AU  - Madjid, Mohammad
AU  - Safavi-Naeini, Payam
AU  - Solomon, Scott D.
AU  - Vardeny, Orly
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <h3>Importance</h3><p>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has reached a pandemic level. Coronaviruses are known to affect the cardiovascular system. We review the basics of coronaviruses, with a focus on COVID-19, along with their effects on the cardiovascular system.</p><h3>Observations</h3><p>Coronavirus disease 2019 can cause a viral pneumonia with additional extrapulmonary manifestations and complications. A large proportion of patients have underlying cardiovascular disease and/or cardiac risk factors. Factors associated with mortality include male sex, advanced age, and presence of comorbidities including hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, and cerebrovascular diseases. Acute cardiac injury determined by elevated high-sensitivity troponin levels is commonly observed in severe cases and is strongly associated with mortality. Acute respiratory distress syndrome is also strongly associated with mortality.</p><h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3><p>Coronavirus disease 2019 is associated with a high inflammatory burden that can induce vascular inflammation, myocarditis, and cardiac arrhythmias. Extensive efforts are underway to find specific vaccines and antivirals against SARS-CoV-2. Meanwhile, cardiovascular risk factors and conditions should be judiciously controlled per evidence-based guidelines.</p>
JO  - JAMA Cardiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jamacardio.2020.1286
UR  - https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamacardiology/fullarticle/2763846
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Expert consensus on the procedure of interventional diagnosis and treatment of cancer patients during the COVID-19 epidemic
AU  - Lyu, Tianshi
AU  - Song, Li
AU  - Jin, Long
AU  - Zou, Yinghua
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has spread rapidly from Wuhan, Hubei province, to other regions of China. To reduce and prevent cross-over infections in the interventional diagnosis and treatment of tumor patients. The Interventional Oncology Branch of the China Anti-Cancer Association organized specialists to compile the corresponding expert consensus. The consensus summarizes the critical points for COVID-19 prevention, focusing on the management of outpatients, inpatients, and interventional operating room in this particular time.
JO  - Journal of Interventional Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jimed.2020.03.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2096360220300193
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Possible Transmission of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in a Public Bath Center in Huai’an, Jiangsu Province, China
AU  - Luo, Chao
AU  - Yao, Lun
AU  - Zhang, Li
AU  - Yao, Mengchu
AU  - Chen, Xiaofei
AU  - Wang, Qilong
AU  - Shen, Hongbing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA Network Open
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 3
IS  - 3
PG  - e204583-e204583
SP  - e204583
EP  - e204583
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.4583
UR  - https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2763473
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Covid-19 pandemic and otolaryngology: What it comes down to? TT - Die Covid-19-Pandemie und das HNO-Fachgebiet: Worauf kommt es aktuell an?
AU  - Luers, Jan-Christoffer
AU  - KluSsmann, Jens Peter
AU  - Guntinas-Lichius, Orlando
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Here, we review the most recent findings on the effects COVID-19 pandemic for the work of otolaryngologists. The role of anosmia and hyposmia as a potential COVID-19 related symptom is presented. We discuss the clinical management of all ENT patients, but especially of COVID-19 patients from the ENT perspective. The impact of the infection on the ENT examination and ENT surgery is summarized. Die Ubersichtarbeit fasst die aktuellen Erkenntnisse der Auswirkung der COVID-19 Pandemie fur die Arbeit der HNO-Arztin und des HNO-Arztes zusammen. Die aktuell diskutierte Rolle einer Anosmie oder Hyposmie als COVID-19 assoziiertes Symptom wird dargestellt. Wir diskutieren das klinische Management aller HNO-Falle, aber insbesondere von COVID-19 erkrankten Patienten aus Sicht der HNO-Heilkunde. Ein besonderes Augenmerk gilt den Auswirkungen auf die HNO-Untersuchung und auf HNO-arztliche Operationen.
JO  - Laryngo- rhino- otologie
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1055/a-1095-2344
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A woman with fever and cough: coronavirus disease 2019
AU  - Lu, Yuan-Qiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Internal and Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11739-020-02321-3
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11739-020-02321-3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Evaluation of Nucleocapsid and Spike Protein-based ELISAs for detecting antibodies against SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Liu, Wanbing
AU  - Liu, Lei
AU  - Kou, Guomei
AU  - Zheng, Yaqiong
AU  - Ding, Yinjuan
AU  - Ni, Wenxu
AU  - Wang, Qiongshu
AU  - Tan, Li
AU  - Wu, Wanlei
AU  - Tang, Shi
AU  - Xiong, Zhou
AU  - Zheng, Shangen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background: At present, PCR-based nucleic acid detection cannot meet the demands for coronavirus infectious disease (COVID-19) diagnosis.Methods: 214 confirmed COVID-19 patients who were hospitalized in the General Hospital of Central Theater Command of the People’s Liberation Army between January 18 and February 26, 2020, were recruited. Two Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) kits based on recombinant SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein (rN) and spike protein (rS) were used for detecting IgM and IgG antibodies, and their diagnostic feasibility was evaluated.Results: Among the 214 patients, 146 (68.2%) and 150 (70.1%) were successfully diagnosed with the rN-based IgM and IgG ELISAs, respectively; 165 (77.1%) and 159 (74.3%) were successfully diagnosed with the rS-based IgM and IgG ELISAs, respectively. The positive rates of the rN-based and rS-based ELISAs for antibody (IgM and/or IgG) detection were 80.4% and 82.2%, respectively. The sensitivity of the rS-based ELISA for IgM detection was significantly higher than that of the rN-based ELISA. We observed an increase in the positive rate for IgM and IgG with an increasing number of days post-disease onset (d.p.o.), but the positive rate of IgM dropped after 35 d.p.o. The positive rate of rN-based and rS-based IgM and IgG ELISAs was less than 60% during the early stage of the illness 0-10 d.p.o., and that of IgM and IgG was obviously increased after 10 d.p.o.Conclusions: ELISA has a high sensitivity, especially for the detection of serum samples from patients after 10 d.p.o, it can be an important supplementary method for COVID-19 diagnosis.
JO  - Journal of Clinical Microbiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - JCM.00461-20
SP  - JCM.00461
EP  - 20
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1128/jcm.00461-20
UR  - https://jcm.asm.org/content/jcm/early/2020/03/27/JCM.00461-20.full.pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical and Transmission Characteristics of Covid-19 — A Retrospective Study of 25 Cases from a Single Thoracic Surgery Department
AU  - Li, Yang-Kai
AU  - Peng, Shu
AU  - Li, Le-Qun
AU  - Wang, Qi
AU  - Ping, Wei
AU  - Zhang, Ni
AU  - Fu, Xiang-Ning
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of corona virus disease 2019 (Covid-19) imposes a major challenge in managing patients undergoing surgical operation. In this study, we analyzed clinical and transmission features of 25 cases of Covid-19 from a single thoracic department, including 13 patients and 12 health care staff. There were 13 males and 12 females. The median age of the patients was 61 (range: 51 to 69) years. The median age of the health care staff was 35 (range: 22 to 51) years. By the end of follow-up date (Mar. 3, 2020), there were 16 non-severe cases (64%) and 9 severe cases (36%), 5 cases were dead (20%). Nineteen (76%) of the infected cases were confirmed by SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid test, the rest were clinically diagnosed as suspected Covid-19 cases, and 19 (76%) of the infected cases had positive exposure history. We found that COPD was significantly associated with severity and death (P=0.040, and P=0.038, respectively), and chest operation was significantly associated with death for Covid-19 patients (P=0.039). A potential “super spreader” may be the source of the transmission before the implementation of quarantine and comprehensive protection. It was concluded that Covid-19 is associated with poor prognosis for patients undergoing thoracic operation, especially for those with COPD. Implementation of comprehensive protective measures is important to control nosocomial infection.
JO  - Current Medical Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-6
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11596-020-2176-2
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11596-020-2176-2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Suppressing early information on COVID-19 and other health scares can aid misinformation
AU  - Larson, Heidi J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Governments need to think twice before they suppress messages related to COVID-19.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00920-w
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00920-w
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Structure of the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain bound to the ACE2 receptor
AU  - Lan, Jun
AU  - Ge, Jiwan
AU  - Yu, Jinfang
AU  - Shan, Sisi
AU  - Zhou, Huan
AU  - Fan, Shilong
AU  - Zhang, Qi
AU  - Shi, Xuanling
AU  - Wang, Qisheng
AU  - Zhang, Linqi
AU  - Wang, Xinquan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A novel and highly pathogenic coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has caused an outbreak in Wuhan city, Hubei province of China since December 2019, and soon spread nationwide and spilled over to other countries around the world1–3. To better understand the initial step of infection at an atomic level, we determined the crystal structure of the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain (RBD) bound to the cell receptor ACE2 at 2.45 Å resolution. The overall ACE2-binding mode of the SARS-CoV-2 RBD is nearly identical to that of the SARS-CoV RBD, which also utilizes ACE2 as the cell receptor4. Structural analysis identified residues in the SARS-CoV-2 RBD that are critical for ACE2 binding, the majority of which either are highly conserved or share similar side chain properties with those in the SARS-CoV RBD. Such similarity in structure and sequence strongly argue for convergent evolution between the SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV RBDs for improved binding to ACE2, although SARS-CoV-2 does not cluster within SARS and SARS-related coronaviruses1–3,5. The epitopes of two SARS-CoV antibodies targeting the RBD are also analysed with the SARS-CoV-2 RBD, providing insights into the future identification of cross-reactive antibodies.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41586-020-2180-5
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2180-5
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Facing a disruptive threat: how can a nuclear medicine service be prepared for the coronavirus outbreak 2020?
AU  - Lam, Winnie Wing-Chuen
AU  - Loke, Kelvin Siu-Hoong
AU  - Wong, Wai Yin
AU  - Ng, David Chee-Eng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The aim of this short communication is to outline our experience in policies and processes of a nuclear medicine service during the COVID-19 outbreak in Singapore. We describe the key considerations of policies and processes that have been implemented in our nuclear medicine service since the first case of COVID-19 was confirmed in Singapore General Hospital on 23 January 2020, up to the present time. Infection control, screening of patients and visitors, segregation of risk groups, segregation of staff and service continuity plans, communication and staff welfare, using electronic platforms for multi-disciplinary meetings and tele-reporting are discussed. Since our hospital received the first patient with COVID-19 in Singapore, our centre has managed 16 COVID-19 cases to date. There has not been any healthcare worker in our institution who has contracted COVID-19 through patient contact. We have highlighted for discussion some of the policies and processes to prepare a nuclear medicine service for the COVID-19 threat.
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00259-020-04790-2
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00259-020-04790-2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Abdominal and testicular pain: An atypical presentation of COVID-19
AU  - Kim, Jesi
AU  - Thomsen, Todd
AU  - Sell, Naomi
AU  - Goldsmith, Andrew J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2020.03.052
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735675720301947
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Human Saliva: Non-Invasive Fluid for Detecting Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV)
AU  - Khurshid, Zohaib
AU  - Asiri, Faris Yahya Ibrahim
AU  - Al Wadaani, Hamed
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The breakthrough of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in Wuhan, a city of China, has damaged the status of health and quality of life. In the sequel of this epidemic or contagious disease, the patient experiences fever, chest paint, chills, a rapid heartbeat, breathing difficulties, pneumonia, and kidney failure. It has been suggested that this disease can spread through human-to-human transmission or by super spreading. By the help of the non-invasive fluid &ldquo;saliva&rdquo;, it is easy to detect the virus. This can help with the comfort of the patient as well as healthcare personnel. Under this perspective, we discuss the epidemic situation of 2019-nCOV and its relationship with human saliva.
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 17
IS  - 7
PG  - 2225
SP  - 2225
EP  - 
AN  - doi:10.3390/ijerph17072225
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/7/2225
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel coronavirus treatment with ribavirin: Groundwork for evaluation concerning COVID-19
AU  - Khalili, Jahan S.
AU  - Zhu, Hai
AU  - Mak, Amanda
AU  - Yan, Yongqi
AU  - Zhu, Yi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Confronting the challenge of the outbreak of COVID-19 should sharpen our focus on global drug access as a key issue in anti-viral therapy testing. The testing and adoption of effective therapies for novel coronaviruses is hampered by the challenge of conducting controlled studies during a state of emergency. The access to direct anti-viral drugs such as ribavirin that have an existing inventory and reliable supply chain may be a priority consideration for therapies developed for the 2019-nCoV infection outbreaks and any strain variants that may emerge. Based on the direct anti-viral activity of ribavirin against 2019-nCoV in vitro and evidence for potency enhancement strategies developed during the prior SARS and MERS outbreaks, ribavirin may significantly impact our ability to end the lingering outbreaks in China and slow outbreaks in other countries. The apparent COVID-19 pandemic provides an opportunity to follow dosage guidelines for treatment with ribavirin, test new therapeutic concepts, and conduct controlled testing to apply the scientific rigor required to address the controversy around this mainstay of anti-viral therapy. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25798
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25798
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Dysosmia and dysgeusia due to the 2019 Novel Coronavirus; a hypothesis that needs further investigation
AU  - Keyhan, Seied Omid
AU  - Fallahi, Hamid Reza
AU  - Cheshmi, Behzad
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 42
IS  - 1
PG  - 9-9
SP  - 9
EP  - 9
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s40902-020-00254-7
UR  - https://jkamprs.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40902-020-00254-7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Concerns regarding calculation of fatality rate of Chinese samples in COVID-19 meta-analysis
AU  - Kempton, Matthew
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract I read with interest the meta-analysis of patient clinical characteristics and fatality rates in COVID-19 from Chinese samples by Li and colleagues1. I was surprised by the fatality rate of 7% which is much than higher than the value of 1.4% reported in a large study of Chinese patients by Guan et al (2020)2. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25799
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25799
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Impact on Mental Health and Perceptions of Psychological Care among Medical and Nursing Staff in Wuhan during the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease Outbreak: a Cross-sectional Study
AU  - Kang, Lijun
AU  - Ma, Simeng
AU  - Chen, Min
AU  - Yang, Jun
AU  - Wang, Ying
AU  - Li, Ruiting
AU  - Yao, Lihua
AU  - Bai, Hanping
AU  - Cai, Zhongxiang
AU  - Xiang Yang, Bing
AU  - Hu, Shaohua
AU  - Zhang, Kerang
AU  - Wang, Gaohua
AU  - Ma, Ci
AU  - Liu, Zhongchun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The severe 2019 outbreak of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), which was first reported in Wuhan, would be expected to impact the mental health of local medical and nursing staff and thus lead them to seek help. However, those outcomes have yet to be established using epidemiological data. To explore the mental health status of medical and nursing staff and the efficacy, or lack thereof, of critically connecting psychological needs to receiving psychological care, we conducted a quantitative study. This is the first paper on the mental health of medical and nursing staff in Wuhan. Notably, among 994 medical and nursing staff working in Wuhan, 36.9% had subthreshold mental health disturbances (mean PHQ-9: 2.4), 34.4% had mild disturbances (mean PHQ-9: 5.4), 22.4% had moderate disturbances (mean PHQ-9: 9.0), and 6.2% had severe disturbance (mean PHQ-9: 15.1) in the immediate wake of the viral epidemic. The noted burden fell particularly heavily on young women. Of all participants, 36.3% had accessed psychological materials (such as books on mental health), 50.4% had accessed psychological resources available through media (such as online push messages on mental health self-help coping methods), and 17.5% had participated in counseling or psychotherapy. Trends in levels of psychological distress and factors such as exposure to infected people and psychological assistance were identified. Although staff accessed limited mental healthcare services, distressed staff nonetheless saw these services as important resources to alleviate acute mental health disturbances and improve their physical health perceptions. These findings emphasize the importance of being prepared to support frontline workers through mental health interventions at times of widespread crisis.
JO  - Brain, Behavior, and Immunity
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2020.03.028
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0889159120303482
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Infection control protocol inside computed tomography suites during COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Joob, Beuy
AU  - Wiwanitkit, Viroj
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Japanese Journal of Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-1
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11604-020-00963-z
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11604-020-00963-z
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Leadership changes at USAID
AU  - Jaffe, Susan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10229
PG  - 1026
SP  - 1026
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30721-2
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30721-2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 2019-nCoV therapeutic options for patients with Kidney Disease
AU  - Izzedine, Hassan
AU  - Jhaveri, Kenar D.
AU  - Perazella, Mark A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Kidney International
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.kint.2020.03.015
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0085253820303495
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Simulation on Potential Secondary Spread of Novel Coronavirus in an Exported Country Using a Stochastic Epidemic SEIR Model
AU  - Iwata, Kentaro
AU  - Miyakoshi, Chisato
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Ongoing outbreak of pneumonia caused by novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) began in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, and the number of new patients continues to increase. Even though it began to spread to many other parts of the world, such as other Asian countries, the Americas, Europe, and the Middle East, the impact of secondary outbreaks caused by exported cases outside China remains unclear. We conducted simulations to estimate the impact of potential secondary outbreaks in a community outside China. Simulations using stochastic SEIR model were conducted, assuming one patient was imported to a community. Among 45 possible scenarios we prepared, the worst scenario resulted in the total number of persons recovered or removed to be 997 (95% CrI 990&ndash;1000) at day 100 and a maximum number of symptomatic infectious patients per day of 335 (95% CrI 232&ndash;478). Calculated mean basic reproductive number (R0) was 6.5 (Interquartile range, IQR 5.6&ndash;7.2). However, better case scenarios with different parameters led to no secondary cases. Altering parameters, especially time to hospital visit. could change the impact of a secondary outbreak. With these multiple scenarios with different parameters, healthcare professionals might be able to better prepare for this viral infection.
JO  - Journal of Clinical Medicine 2020, Vol. 9, Page 944
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 4
PG  - 944-944
SP  - 944
EP  - 944
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/JCM9040944
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Corona Virus (COVID-19) “Infodemic” and Emerging Issues through a Data Lens: The Case of China
AU  - Hua, Jinling
AU  - Shaw, Rajib
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus (COVID-19) is a humanitarian emergency, which started in Wuhan in China in early December 2019, brought into the notice of the authorities in late December, early January 2020, and, after investigation, was declared as an emergency in the third week of January 2020. The WHO declared this as Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) on 31th of January 2020, and finally a pandemic on 11th March 2020. As of March 24th, 2020, the virus has caused a casualty of over 16,600 people worldwide with more than 380,000 people confirmed as infected by it, of which more than 10,000 cases are serious. Mainly based on Chinese newspapers, social media and other digital platform data, this paper analyzes the timeline of the key actions taken by the government and people over three months in five different phases. It found that although there was an initial delay in responding, a unique combination of strong governance, strict regulation, strong community vigilance and citizen participation, and wise use of big data and digital technologies, were some of the key factors in China&rsquo;s efforts to combat this virus. Being inviable and non-measurable (unlike radioactive exposure), appropriate and timely information is very important to form the basic foundation of mitigation and curative measures. Infodemic, as it is termed by WHO, is a key word, where different stakeholder&rsquo;s participation, along with stricter regulation, is required to reduce the impact of fake news in this information age and social media. Although different countries will need different approaches, focusing on its humanitarian nature and addressing infodemic issues are the two critical factors for future global mitigation efforts.
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, Vol. 17, Page 2309
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 17
IS  - 7
PG  - 2309-2309
SP  - 2309
EP  - 2309
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/IJERPH17072309
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Life-threatening cardiac tamponade complicating myo-pericarditis in COVID-19
AU  - Hua, Alina
AU  - O’Gallagher, Kevin
AU  - Sado, Daniel
AU  - Byrne, Jonathan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Heart Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa253
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/advance-article/doi/10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa253/5813280
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chinese Society of Anesthesiology Expert Consensus on Anesthetic Management of Cardiac Surgical Patients with Suspected or Confirmed Coronavirus Disease 2019
AU  - He, Yi
AU  - Wei, Jinfeng
AU  - Bian, Jinjun
AU  - Guo, Kefang
AU  - Lu, Jiakai
AU  - Mei, Wei
AU  - Ma, Jun
AU  - Xia, Zhongyuan
AU  - Xu, Meiying
AU  - Yan, Fuxia
AU  - Yu, Chunhua
AU  - Wang, E.
AU  - Wang, Weijian
AU  - Zeng, Ni
AU  - Wang, Sheng
AU  - Xu, Junmei
AU  - Huang, Yuguang
AU  - Huang, Jiapeng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of a new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) in China since December 2019 has brought serious challenges to disease prevention and public health. Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients who undergo cardiovascular surgery place extremely high demands for anesthesia and face high risks of mortality and morbidity. Based on the current understanding of COVID-19 and clinical characteristics of cardiovascular surgical patients, we provide anesthesia management guidelines for cardiovascular surgery during the prevention and control of COVID-19.
JO  - Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2020.03.026
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053077020302755
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (COVID-19) Progression Course in 17 Discharged Patients: Comparison of Clinical and Thin-Section CT Features During Recovery
AU  - Han, Xiaoyu
AU  - Cao, Yukun
AU  - Jiang, Nanchuan
AU  - Chen, Yan
AU  - Alwalid, Osamah
AU  - Zhang, Xin
AU  - Gu, Jin
AU  - Dai, Meng
AU  - Liu, Jie
AU  - Zhu, Wanyue
AU  - Zheng, Chuansheng
AU  - Shi, Heshui
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa271
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa271/5813539
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - CT morphology of COVID-19: Case report and review of literature TT - CT-Morphologie von COVID-19: Fallbeispiel und Literaturubersicht
AU  - Hamer, Okka Wilkea
AU  - Salzberger, Bernd
AU  - Gebauer, Johannes
AU  - Stroszczynski, Christian
AU  - Pfeifer, Michael
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - RoFo : Fortschritte auf dem Gebiete der Rontgenstrahlen und der Nuklearmedizin
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1055/a-1142-4094
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Potential short-term outcome of an uncontrolled COVID-19 epidemic in Lombardy, Italy, February to March 2020
AU  - Guzzetta, Giorgio
AU  - Poletti, Piero
AU  - Ajelli, Marco
AU  - Trentini, Filippo
AU  - Marziano, Valentina
AU  - Cereda, Danilo
AU  - Tirani, Marcello
AU  - Diurno, Giulio
AU  - Bodina, Annalisa
AU  - Barone, Antonio
AU  - Crottogini, Lucia
AU  - Gramegna, Maria
AU  - Melegaro, Alessia
AU  - Merler, Stefano
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Eurosurveillance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 25
IS  - 12
PG  - 2000293
SP  - 2000293
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.12.2000293
UR  - https://eurosurveillance.org/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.12.2000293
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Overcoming COVID-19: What can human factors and ergonomics offer?
AU  - Gurses, Ayse P.
AU  - Tschudy, Megan M.
AU  - McGrath-Morrow, Sharon
AU  - Husain, Amyna
AU  - Solomon, Barry S.
AU  - Gerohistodoulos, Kylee A.
AU  - Kim, Julia M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Patient Safety and Risk Management
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 251604352091776-251604352091776
SP  - 251604352091776
EP  - 251604352091776
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/2516043520917764
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1177/2516043520917764 http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/2516043520917764
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Screening faecal microbiota transplant donors for SARS-CoV-2 by molecular testing of stool is the safest way forward
AU  - Green, Christopher A.
AU  - Quraishi, Mohammed N.
AU  - Shabir, Sahida
AU  - Sharma, Naveen
AU  - Hansen, Richard
AU  - Gaya, Daniel R.
AU  - Hart, Ailsa L.
AU  - Loman, Nicholas J.
AU  - Iqbal, Tariq H.
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2468-1253(20)30089-3
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-1253(20)30089-3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Rethinking Residency Conferences in the Era of COVID-19
AU  - Gottlieb, Michael
AU  - Landry, Adaira
AU  - Egan, Daniel J.
AU  - Shappell, Eric
AU  - Bailitz, John
AU  - Horowitz, Russ
AU  - Fix, Megan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic requires a substantial change to the traditional approach to conference didactics. Switching to a virtual medium for conference sessions presents several challenges, particularly with regard to aspects that rely heavily upon in-person components (e.g., simulation, ultrasound). This paper will discuss the challenges and strategies to address them for conference planning in the era of COVID-19.
JO  - AEM Education and Training
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/aet2.10449
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/aet2.10449
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cuidados intensivos durante la epidemia de coronavirus 2019
AU  - González-Castro, Alejandro
AU  - Escudero-Acha, Patricia
AU  - Peñasco, Yhivian
AU  - Leizaola, Oihana
AU  - Sánchez, Victoria Martínez de Pinillos
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Resumen El 31 de diciembre de 2019, la Comisión de Salud de la provincia China de Hubei, dio a conocer por primera vez un grupo de casos inexplicables de neumonía, que posteriormente la OMS definió como el nuevo coronavirus de 2019 (SARS-CoV-2). El SARS-CoV-2ha presentado una transmisión rápida de persona a persona y actualmente es una pandemia mundial. En la mayor serie de casos descrita hasta la fecha de pacientes hospitalizados con enfermedad por SARS-CoV-2 (2019-nCoViD), el 26% requirió atención en una unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI). Esta pandemia está provocando una movilización de la comunidad científica sin precedentes, lo que lleva asociado un numero exponencialmente creciente de publicaciones en relación con la misma. La presente revisión bibliográfica narrativa, tiene como objetivo reunir las principales aportaciones en el área de los cuidados intensivos hasta la fecha en relación con la epidemiología, clínica, diagnóstico y manejo de 2019-nCoViD. On 31 December 2019, the Health Commission of Hubei Province of China first unveiled a group of unexplained cases of pneumonia, which WHO subsequently defined as the new coronavirus of 2019 (SARS-CoV-2). SARS-CoV-2 has presented rapid person-to-person transmission and is currently a global pandemic. In the largest number of cases described to date of hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 disease (2019-nCoViD), 26% required care in an intensive care unit (ICU). This pandemic is causing an unprecedented mobilization of the scientific community, which has been associated with an exponentially growing number of publications in relation to it. This narrative literature review aims to gather the main contributions in the area of intensive care to date in relation to the epidemiology, clinic, diagnosis and management of 2019-nCoViD.
JO  - Medicina Intensiva
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medin.2020.03.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0210569120300899
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recomendaciones de consenso respecto al soporte respiratorio no invasivo en el paciente adulto con insuficiencia respiratoria aguda secundaria a infección por SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Gómez, César Cinesi
AU  - Rodríguez, Óscar Peñuelas
AU  - Torné, Manel Luján
AU  - Santaolalla, Carlos Egea
AU  - Jiménez, Juan Fernando Masa
AU  - Fernández, Javier García
AU  - Manuel Carratalá Perales, José
AU  - Heili-Frades, Sarah Béatrice
AU  - Monreal, Miquel Ferrer
AU  - de Andrés Nilsson, José M.
AU  - Arias, Eva Lista
AU  - Rocamora, Juan Luis Sánchez
AU  - Ignacio Garrote, José
AU  - Serrano, Miguel J. Zamorano
AU  - Martínez, Mónica González
AU  - Muñoz, Eva Farrero
AU  - Andrés, Olga Mediano San
AU  - Cervera, Gemma Rialp
AU  - Serra, Arantxa Mas
AU  - Martínez, Gonzalo Hernández
AU  - de Haro López, Candelaria
AU  - Gas, Oriol Roca
AU  - Roca, Ricard Ferrer
AU  - Berrocal, Antonio Romero
AU  - Ortola, Carlos Ferrando
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Resumen La enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) es una infección del tracto respiratorio causada por un nuevo coronavirus emergente, que se reconoció por primera vez en Wuhan, China, en diciembre de 2019. Actualmente, la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) ha definido la infección como pandemia y existe una situación de emergencia sanitaria y social para el manejo de esta nueva infección. Mientras que la mayoría de las personas con COVID-19 desarrollan solo una enfermedad leve o no complicada, aproximadamente el 14% desarrolla una enfermedad grave que requiere hospitalización y oxígeno, y el 5% puede requerir ingreso en una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (1). En casos severos, COVID-19 puede complicarse por el síndrome de dificultad respiratoria aguda (SDRA), sepsis y shock séptico y fracaso multiorgánico. Este documento de consenso se ha preparado sobre directrices basadas en evidencia desarrolladas por un panel multidisciplinario de profesionales médicos de cuatro sociedades científicas españolas (Sociedad Española de Medicina Intensiva y Unidades Coronarias [SEMICYUC], Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica [SEPAR], Sociedad Española de Urgencias y Emergencias [SEMES], Sociedad Española de Anestesiología, Reanimación y Terapéutica delDolor [SEDAR]) con experiencia en el manejo clínico de pacientes con COVID-19 y otras infecciones virales, incluido el SARS, así como en sepsis y SDRA. El documento proporciona recomendaciones clínicas para el soporte respiratorio no invasivo (ventilación no invasiva, oxigenoterapia de alto flujo con cánula nasal) en cualquier paciente con presentación sospechada o confirmada de COVID-19 con insuficiencia respiratoria aguda.Esta guía de consenso debe servir como base para una atención optimizada y garantizar la mejor posibilidad de supervivencia, así como permitir una comparación fiable de las futuras intervenciones terapéuticas de investigación que formen parte de futuros estudios observacionales o de ensayos clínicos. Summary Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory tract infection caused by a newly emergent coronavirus, that was first recognized in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. Currently, the World Health Organization (WHO) has defined the infection as a global pandemic and there is a health and social emergency for the management of this new infection. While most people with COVID-19 develop only mild or uncomplicated illness, approximately 14% develop severe disease that requires hospitalization and oxygen support, and 5% require admission to an intensive care unit (1). In severe cases, COVID-19 can be complicated by the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), sepsis and septic shock, and multiorgan failure. This consensus document has been prepared on evidence-informed guidelines developed by a multidisciplinary panel of health care providers from four spanish scientific societies (Spanish Society of Intensive Care Medicine [SEMICYUC], Spanish Society of Pulmonologists [SEPAR], Spanish Society of Emergency [SEMES], Spanish Society of Anesthesiology, Reanimation, and Pain [SEDAR]) with experience in the clinical management of patients with COVID-19 and other viral infections, including SARS, as well as sepsis and ARDS. The document provides clinical recommendations for the noninvasive respiratory support (noninvasive ventilation, high flow oxygen therapy with nasal cannula) in any patient with suspected or confirmed presentation of COVID-19 with acute respiratory failure.This consensus guidance should serve as a foundation for optimized supportive care to ensure the best possible chance for survival and to allow for reliable comparison of investigational therapeutic interventions as part of randomized controlled trials.
JO  - Medicina Intensiva
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medin.2020.03.005
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0210569120300942
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Being a doctor will never be the same after the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Giulio, Mari
AU  - Maggioni, Dario
AU  - Montroni, Isacco
AU  - Ugolini, Giampaolo
AU  - Capelli, Patrizio
AU  - Ceppi, Lorenzo
AU  - Bonfanti, Paolo
AU  - Mariani, Andrea
AU  - Achilli, Felice
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The American Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2020.03.003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0002934320302163
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and anti-rheumatic drugs
AU  - Georgiev, Tsvetoslav
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Rheumatology International
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00296-020-04570-z
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00296-020-04570-z
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - ¿Cumplimos correctamente los protocolos de prevención en oftalmología?: a propósito de la última epidemia por coronavirus
AU  - García Lorente, M.
AU  - Zamorano Martín, F.
AU  - Soler-Ferrández, F.
AU  - Rocha de Lossada, C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Archivos de la Sociedad Española de Oftalmología
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oftal.2020.02.013
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0365669120300782
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Daily Travel and Wellbeing among the Elderly
AU  - Friman, Margareta
AU  - Olsson, Lars E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The purpose of this Special Issue is to introduce and demonstrate the importance of daily travel in elderly people&rsquo;s lives [...]
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, Vol. 17, Page 2342
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 17
IS  - 7
PG  - 2342-2342
SP  - 2342
EP  - 2342
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/IJERPH17072342
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - Qingxia Zhong (2020-03-31 23:14:43)(Screen): doi problem; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Practical insights for paediatric otolaryngology surgical cases and performing microlaryngobronchoscopy during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Frauenfelder, Claire
AU  - Butler, Colin
AU  - Hartley, Ben
AU  - Cochrane, Lesley
AU  - Jephson, Chris
AU  - Nash, Robert
AU  - Hewitt, Richard
AU  - Albert, David
AU  - Wyatt, Michelle
AU  - Hall, Andrew
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 110030-110030
SP  - 110030
EP  - 110030
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijporl.2020.110030
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165587620301737
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC): General Guidance for the Management of the Dead Related to COVID-19
AU  - Finegan, Oran
AU  - Fonseca, Stephen
AU  - Guyomarc’H, Pierre
AU  - Morcillo Mendez, Maria Dolores
AU  - Rodriguez Gonzalez, Jacqueline
AU  - Tidball-Binz, Morris
AU  - Winter, Kristy A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Based on its forensic capacity and experience gained worldwide from the management of the dead in emergencies, including epidemics, the International Committee of the Red Cross have been asked by the authorities and other relevant stakeholders to advise on the management of the dead from COVID-19 infection, for which it has prepared the following guidance. This includes advice on the handling of COVID-19 fatalities and a set of considerations for managers faced with the need to plan for adequately responding to a possible surge in fatalities caused by COVID-19.
JO  - Forensic Science International: Synergy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsisyn.2020.03.007
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589871X20300309
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Case of Novel Coronavirus Disease 19 in a Chronic Hemodialysis Patient Presenting with Gastroenteritis and Developing Severe Pulmonary Disease
AU  - Ferrey, Antoney J.
AU  - Choi, Grace
AU  - Hanna, Ramy M.
AU  - Chang, Yongen
AU  - Tantisattamo, Ekamol
AU  - Ivaturi, Kaushik
AU  - Park, Elisa
AU  - Nguyen, Lawrence
AU  - Wang, Brian
AU  - Tonthat, Sam
AU  - Rhee, Connie M.
AU  - Reddy, Uttam
AU  - Lau, Wei Ling
AU  - Huang, Susan S.
AU  - Gohil, Shruti
AU  - Amin, Alpesh N.
AU  - Hsieh, Lanny
AU  - Cheng, Timmy T.
AU  - Lee, Richard A.
AU  - Kalantar-Zadeh, Kamyar
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly infectious, rapidly spreading viral disease with an alarming case fatality rate up to 5%. The risk factors for severe presentations are concentrated in patients with chronic kidney disease, particularly patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) who are dialysis dependent. We report the first US case of a 56-year-old nondiabetic male with ESRD secondary to IgA nephropathy undergoing thrice-weekly maintenance hemodialysis for 3 years, who developed COVID-19 infection. He has hypertension controlled with angiotensin receptor blocker losartan 100 mg/day and coronary artery disease status-post stent placement. During the first 5 days of his febrile disease, he presented to an urgent care, 3 emergency rooms, 1 cardiology clinic, and 2 dialysis centers in California and Utah. During this interval, he reported nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and low-grade fevers but was not suspected of COVID-19 infection until he developed respiratory symptoms and was admitted to the hospital. Imaging studies upon admission were consistent with bilateral interstitial pneumonia. He was placed in droplet-eye precautions while awaiting COVID-19 test results. Within the first 24 h, he deteriorated quickly and developed acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), requiring intubation and increasing respiratory support. Losartan was withheld due to hypotension and septic shock. COVID-19 was reported positive on hospital day 3. He remained in critical condition being treated with hydroxychloroquine and tocilizumab in addition to the standard medical management for septic shock and ARDS. Our case is unique in its atypical initial presentation and highlights the importance of early testing.
JO  - American journal of nephrology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-6
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1159/000507417
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Creating a Palliative Care Inpatient Response Plan for COVID19 – The UW Medicine Experience
AU  - Fausto, James
AU  - Hirano, Lianne
AU  - Lam, Daniel
AU  - Mehta, Amisha
AU  - Mills, Blair
AU  - Owens, Darrell
AU  - Perry, Elizabeth
AU  - Curtis, J. Randall
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic is stressing healthcare systems throughout the world. Significant numbers of patients are being admitted to the hospital with severe illness, often in the setting of advanced age and underlying co-morbidities. Therefore, palliative care is an important part of the response to this pandemic. The Seattle area and UW Medicine have been on the forefront of the pandemic in the US. Methods UW Medicine developed a strategy to implement a palliative care response for a multi-hospital healthcare system that incorporates conventional capacity, contingency capacity, and crisis capacity. The strategy was developed by our palliative care programs with input from the healthcare system leadership. Results In this publication, we share our multi-faceted strategy to implement high-quality palliative care in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic that incorporates conventional, contingency, and crisis capacity and focuses on the areas of the hospital caring for the most patients: the emergency department, the intensive care units, and the acute care services. The strategy focuses on key content areas including identifying and addressing goals of care, addressing moderate and severe symptoms, and supporting family members. Conclusions Strategy planning for delivery of high-quality palliative care in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic represents an important area of need for our healthcare systems. We share our experiences developing such a strategy to help other institutions conduct and adapt such strategies more quickly.
JO  - Journal of Pain and Symptom Management
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2020.03.025
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0885392420301767
NS  - 
N1  - Qingxia Zhong (2020-03-31 23:09:55)(Screen): doi problem; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Will financial innovation transform pandemic response?
AU  - Erikson, Susan L.
AU  - Johnson, Leigh
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30150-X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30150-X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SOGC Committee Opinion – COVID-19 in Pregnancy
AU  - Elwood, Chelsea
AU  - Boucoiran, Isabelle
AU  - VanSchalkwyk, Julie
AU  - Money, Deborah
AU  - Yudin, Mark
AU  - Poliquin, Vanessa
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jogc.2020.03.012
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1701216320302747
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Opinion de comité de la SOGC – COVID-19 pendant la grossesse
AU  - Elwood, Chelsea
AU  - Boucoiran, Isabelle
AU  - VanSchalkwyk, Julie
AU  - Money, Deborah
AU  - Yudin, Mark
AU  - Poliquin, Vanessa
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jogc.2020.03.013
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1701216320302759
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 68 Consecutive patients assessed for COVID-19 infection; experience from a UK regional infectious disease unit
AU  - Easom, Nicholas
AU  - Moss, Peter
AU  - Barlow, Gavin
AU  - Samson, Anda
AU  - Taynton, Thomas
AU  - Adams, Kate
AU  - Ivan, Monica
AU  - Burns, Phillipa
AU  - Gajee, Kavitha
AU  - Eastick, Kirstine
AU  - Lillie, Patrick J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Assessment of possible infection with SARS-CoV-2, the novel coronavirus responsible for COVID-19 illness, has been a major activity of infection services since the first reports of cases in December 2019. We report a series of 68 patients assessed at a Regional Infection Unit in the UK. METHODS: Between the 29(th) Jan 2020 - 24(th) Feb 2020 demographic, clinical, epidemiological and laboratory data were collected. We compared clinical features between patients not requiring admission for clinical reasons or antimicrobials with those assessed as needing either admission or antimicrobial treatment. RESULTS: Patients assessed were aged from 0-76 years, 36/68 were female. Peaks of clinical assessments coincided with updates to the case definition for suspected COVID-19. Microbiological diagnoses included SARS-CoV-2, Mycoplasma pneumonia, influenza A, non SARS/MERS coronaviruses and rhinovirus/enterovirus. 9/68 received antimicrobials, 15/68 were admitted, 5 due to inability to self-isolate. Patients requiring admission on clinical grounds or antimicrobials (14/68) were more likely to have fever or raised respiratory rate compared to those not requiring admission or antimicrobials. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of patients had mild illness, which did not require clinical intervention. This finding supports a community testing approach, supported by clinicians able to review more unwell patients. Extensions of the epidemiological criteria for the case definition of suspected COVID-19 lead to increased screening intensity, strategies must be in place to accommodate this in time for forthcoming changes as the epidemic develops.
JO  - Influenza and other respiratory viruses
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/irv.12739
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Disparities in Age-Specific Morbidity and Mortality from SARS-CoV-2 in China and the Republic of Korea
AU  - Dudley, Joseph P.
AU  - Lee, Nam Taek
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We analyzed age- and sex-specific morbidity and mortality data from SARS-COV-2 pandemic in China and Republic of Korea (ROK). Data from China exhibit a Gaussian distribution with peak morbidity in the 50-59 years cohort, while the ROK data have a bimodal distribution with highest morbidity in the 20-29 years cohort.
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa354
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa354/5813861
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Older people and epidemics: a call for empathy
AU  - Doraiswamy, Sathyanarayanan
AU  - Cheema, Sohaila
AU  - Mamtani, Ravinder
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Age and Ageing
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/ageing/afaa060
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/ageing/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ageing/afaa060/5813672
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Antipsoriatic treatments during COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Di Lernia, Vito
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Dermatologic Therapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - e13345-e13345
SP  - e13345
EP  - e13345
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/dth.13345
UR  - http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/dth.13345
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - US public health budget cuts in the face of COVID-19
AU  - Devi, Sharmila
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 20
IS  - 4
PG  - 415
SP  - 415
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30182-1
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30182-1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Acute pulmonary embolism and COVID-19 pneumonia: a random association?
AU  - Danzi, Gian Battista
AU  - Loffi, Marco
AU  - Galeazzi, Gianluca
AU  - Gherbesi, Elisa
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Heart Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa254
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/advance-article/doi/10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa254/5813284
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Venezuelan migrants "struggling to survive" amid COVID-19
AU  - Daniels, Joe Parkin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Lancet (London, England)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10229
PG  - 1023-1023
SP  - 1023
EP  - 1023
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30718-2
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - ‘We need to be alert’: Scientists fear second coronavirus wave as China’s lockdowns ease
AU  - Cyranoski, David
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Other countries on lockdown will be watching for a resurgence of infections in Hubei province now that travel restrictions are lifting.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00938-0
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00938-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Vaccine-Associated Posterior Uveitis
AU  - Cunningham, Emmett T. Jr
AU  - Moorthy, Ramana S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - RETINA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 40
IS  - 4
PG  - 595-598
SP  - 595
EP  - 598
AN  - 00006982-202004000-00001
DO  - 10.1097/iae.0000000000002816
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/retinajournal/Fulltext/2020/04000/Vaccine_Associated_Posterior_Uveitis.1.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mental health in the Covid-19 pandemic
AU  - Cullen, W.
AU  - Gulati, G.
AU  - Kelly, B. D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - QJM: An International Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/qjmed/hcaa110
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/qjmed/advance-article/doi/10.1093/qjmed/hcaa110/5813733
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical Characteristics of 54 medical staff with COVID-19: A retrospective study in a single center in Wuhan, China
AU  - Chu, Jiaojiao
AU  - Yang, Nan
AU  - Wei, Yanqiu
AU  - Yue, Huihui
AU  - Zhang, Fengqin
AU  - Zhao, Jianping
AU  - He, Li
AU  - Sheng, Gaohong
AU  - Chen, Peng
AU  - Li, Gang
AU  - Wu, Sisi
AU  - Zhang, Bo
AU  - Zhang, Shu
AU  - Wang, Congyi
AU  - Miao, Xiaoping
AU  - Li, Juan
AU  - Liu, Wenhua
AU  - Zhang, Huilan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: In December 2019, an outbreak of the SARS-Cov-2 infection occurred in Wuhan, and rapidly spread to worldwide, which has attracted many people's concerns about the patients. However, studies on the infection status of medical personnels is still lacking. METHODS: 54 cases of SARS-Cov-2 infected medical staff from Tongji Hospital between January 7th to February 11th of 2020 were analyzed in this retrospective study. Clinical and epidemiological characteristics were compared between different groups by statistical method. RESULTS: From January 7 to February 11, 2020, 54 medical staff of Tongji Hospital were hospitalized due to COVID-19. Most of them were from other clinical departments (72.2%) rather than emergency department (3.7%) or medical technology departments (18.5%). Among the 54 COVID-19 patients, the distribution of age had a significant difference between non-severe type and severe/critical cases (median age: 47 years vs. 38 years, p=0.0015). However, there was no statistical difference in terms of gender distribution and the first symptoms between theses two groups. Furthermore, we observed that the lesion regions in SARS-Cov-2 infected lungs with severe-/critical-type of medical staff were more likely to exhibit lesions in the right upper lobe (31.7% vs. 0%, P=0.028) and right lung (61% vs. 18.2%, P=0.012). CONCLUSIONS: Based on our findings with medical staff infection data, we suggest training for all hospital staff to prevent infection and preparation of sufficient protection and disinfection materials. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25793
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The ACE2 expression in human heart indicates new potential mechanism of heart injury among patients infected with SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Chen, Liang
AU  - Li, Xiangjie
AU  - Chen, Mingquan
AU  - Feng, Yi
AU  - Xiong, Chenglong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A new type of pneumonia caused by a novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks recently in China and spreads into many other countries. This disease, named as COVID-19, is similar to patients infected by SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, and nearly 20% of patients developed severe condition. Cardiac injury is a prevalent complication of severe patients, exacerbating the disease severity in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), the key host cellular receptor of SARS-CoV-2, has been identified in multiple organs, but its cellular distribution in human heart is not illuminated clearly. This study performed the first state-of-art single cell atlas of adult human heart, and revealed that pericytes with high expression of ACE2 might act as the target cardiac cell of SARS-CoV-2. The pericytes injury due to virus infection may result in capillary endothelial cells dysfunction, inducing microvascular dysfunction. And patients with basic heart failure disease showed increased ACE2 expression at both mRNA and protein levels, meaning that if infected by the virus these patients may have higher risk of heart attack and critically ill condition. The finding of this study explains the high rate of severe cases among COVID-19 patients with basic cardiovascular disease; and these results also perhaps provide important reference to clinical treatment of cardiac injury among severe patients infected by SARS-CoV-2.
JO  - Cardiovascular Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cvr/cvaa078
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/cardiovascres/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cvr/cvaa078/5813131
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Donor Heart Selection During The COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Study
AU  - Chen, Chiu-Yu
AU  - Chen, Sharon F.
AU  - Hollander, Seth A.
AU  - Rosenthal, David
AU  - Maeda, Katsuhide
AU  - Burgart, Alyssa
AU  - Almond, Christopher S.
AU  - Chen, Sharon
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healun.2020.03.018
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053249820314790
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Let’s Get Americans Back to Work Again
AU  - Chandra, Amitabh
AU  - Jackson, Robert
AU  - Karnal, Alexander
AU  - Pearlberg, Joseph
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Contemporary Clinical Trials Communications
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 100559-100559
SP  - 100559
EP  - 100559
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conctc.2020.100559
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451865420300430
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Social media for rapid knowledge dissemination: early experience from the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Chan, A. K. M.
AU  - Nickson, C. P.
AU  - Rudolph, J. W.
AU  - Lee, A.
AU  - Joynt, G. M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract The current COVID-19 pandemic is threatening global health. Rates of infection outside of China are rapidly increasing, with confirmed cases reported in over 160 countries as of 19 March 2020 [1]. During the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) epidemic, 21% of the global cumulative case total were healthcare workers [2], while a recent study from Wuhan, China reported that 1716 healthcare workers were infected with COVID-19, representing 3.8% of confirmed cases [3]. During the SARS epidemic, it is likely that a lack of awareness and preparedness put healthcare workers at risk [4]. Thus, delivering rapid, reliable information that addresses critical infection control issues is of key importance, and tracheal intubation is known to be associated with a high-risk of transmission of viral infections to healthcare workers [5, 6].
JO  - Anaesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/anae.15057
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/anae.15057
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Phylogenetic analysis of the first four SARS-CoV-2 cases in Chile
AU  - Castillo, Andrés E.
AU  - Parra, Bárbara
AU  - Tapia, Paz
AU  - Acevedo, Alejandra
AU  - Lagos, Jaime
AU  - Andrade, Winston
AU  - Arata, Loredana
AU  - Leal, Gabriel
AU  - Barra, Gisselle
AU  - Tambley, Carolina
AU  - Tognarelli, Javier
AU  - Bustos, Patricia
AU  - Ulloa, Soledad
AU  - Fasce, Rodrigo
AU  - Fernández, Jorge
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The current pandemic caused by the new coronavirus is a worldwide public health concern. To aboard this emergency, and like never before, scientific groups around the world have been working in a fast and coordinated way in order to get the maximum of information about this virus when it has been almost three months since the first cases were detected in Wuhan province in China. The complete genome sequences of around 450 isolates are available, and studies about similarities and differences among them and with the close related viruses that caused similar epidemics in this century. In this work we studied the complete genome of the first four cases of the new coronavirus disease in Chile, from patients who traveled to Europe and Southeast Asia. Our findings reveal at least two different viral variants entries to Chilean territory, coming from Europe and Asia. We also sub-classified the isolates into variants according to punctual mutations in the genome. Our work contributes to the global information about transmission dynamics and the importance to take control measures to stop the spread of the infection. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25797
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Performance of VivaDiagTM COVID-19 IgM/IgG Rapid Test is inadequate for diagnosis of COVID-19 in acute patients referring to emergency room department
AU  - Cassaniti, Irene
AU  - Novazzi, Federica
AU  - Giardina, Federica
AU  - Salivaro, Francesco
AU  - Sachs, Michele
AU  - Perlini, Stefano
AU  - Bruno, Raffaele
AU  - Mojoli, Francesco
AU  - Baldanti, Fausto
AU  - Force, for the San Matteo Pavia Covid-Task
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract From late December 2019 COVID-19 (Coronavirus infectious disease 19) epidemics spread from Wuhan, China, to all over the world, including Italy. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25800
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25800
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Actualización de la situación epidemiológica de la infección por SARS-CoV-2 en España. Comentarios a las recomendaciones de manejo de la infección en pediatría
AU  - Calvo, Cristina
AU  - Tagarro, Alfredo
AU  - Otheo, Enrique
AU  - Epalza, Cristina
AU  - Sanz Santaufemia, Francisco José
AU  - Llorente Romano, Marta
AU  - Moraleda, Cinta
AU  - García García, M. Luz
AU  - Rodríguez Mesa, María Dolores
AU  - Cobo Vázquez, Elvira
AU  - Pérez Muñoz, Sara
AU  - Penin, María
AU  - Santos, Mar
AU  - Berzosa, Arantxa
AU  - Navas Carretero, Adriana
AU  - Vidal Lana, Paula
AU  - Hernández Rodríguez, María José
AU  - del Río, Pilar Galán
AU  - Figueroa Ospina, Lucía
AU  - Guillen Martín, Sara
AU  - Belén Jimenez, Ana
AU  - Bermejo Gomez, Amanda
AU  - José Cilleruelo, M.
AU  - Tóvizi, Mariann
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Anales de Pediatría
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anpedi.2020.03.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1695403320300977
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Telemedicine in the Time of Coronavirus
AU  - Calton, Brook
AU  - Abedini, Nauzley
AU  - Fratkin, Michael
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - ABSTRACT Within weeks, COVID-19 has transformed our practice of palliative care and clinical medicine as we know it. Telemedicine has emerged as a critical technology to bring medical care to patients while attempting to reduce the transmission of COVID-19 among patients, families, and clinicians. It is also increasingly necessary to preserve scarce resources like personal protective equipment. In this article, we share just-in-time tips to support palliative care clinicians and program leaders in providing the best care possible by telemedicine. These quick, practical tips cover telemedicine set-up, patient considerations, and clinician considerations. Next steps include ensuring equitable access to affordable telemedicine technology for vulnerable populations through creative solutions and financing, and dedicated attention to telemedicine evaluation and quality improvement.
JO  - Journal of Pain and Symptom Management
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2020.03.019
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0885392420301706 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0885392420301706
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - On the frontline against COVID-19: Community pharmacists’ contribution during a public health crisis
AU  - Cadogan, Cathal A.
AU  - Hughes, Carmel M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The global spread of COVID-19 is placing unprecedented demands on healthcare services. In this time of crisis, innovative and adaptive methods of practising will be required across all health professions. In order to maximise the use of current available resources, it is vital that existing services are comprehensively reviewed and full use is made of any unrealised potential among healthcare providers. Community pharmacy is one of a number of health professions that has a key role to play in responding to the current pandemic. As the scope of community pharmacy practice varies considerably across countries, it is important to examine ways in which the profession can assist with the public health response to COVID-19 and maintaining the continuity of healthcare services. This article seeks to highlight roles and activities that community pharmacists can undertake to help in relieving pressure on other areas of the health service, such as general practice. This information could help to inform future decisions about the restructuring of existing health services by governments, public health bodies and policy makers in response to public health crises such as COVID-19.
JO  - Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2020.03.015
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1551741120302928
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Older Clinicians and the Surge in Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
AU  - Buerhaus, Peter I.
AU  - Auerbach, David I.
AU  - Staiger, Douglas O.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.4978
UR  - https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2764073
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Questions à…. François Bricaire
AU  - Bricaire, François
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - La Presse Médicale Formation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lpmfor.2020.03.020
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666479820300227
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 - Journal de bord - 10/03/2020: Pandémie virale: s’inquiéter, organiser, prévoir
AU  - Bricaire, François
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - La Presse Médicale Formation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lpmfor.2020.03.024
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666479820300525
NS  - 
N1  - Qingxia Zhong (2020-03-31 22:53:13)(Screen): no access.; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - We practised for a pandemic, but didn’t brace
AU  - Boyd, Ian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Unheeded lessons from simulations of health and other disasters could still assist recovery.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00919-3
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00919-3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Microbial burden and viral exacerbations in a longitudinal multicenter COPD cohort
AU  - Bouquet, Jerome
AU  - Tabor, David E.
AU  - Silver, Jonathan S.
AU  - Nair, Varsha
AU  - Tovchigrechko, Andrey
AU  - Griffin, M. Pamela
AU  - Esser, Mark T.
AU  - Sellman, Bret R.
AU  - Jin, Hong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous disease characterized by frequent exacerbation phenotypes independent of disease stage. Increasing evidence shows that the microbiota plays a role in disease progression and severity, but long-term and international multicenter assessment of the variations in viral and bacterial communities as drivers of exacerbations are lacking. Methods Two-hundred severe COPD patients from Europe and North America were followed longitudinally for 3 years. We performed nucleic acid detection for 20 respiratory viruses and 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing to evaluate the bacterial microbiota in 1179 sputum samples collected at stable, acute exacerbation and follow-up visits. Results Similar viral and bacterial taxa were found in patients from the USA compared to Bulgaria and Czech Republic but their microbiome diversity was significantly different (P < 0.001) and did not impact exacerbation rates. Virus infection was strongly associated with exacerbation events (P < 5E-20). Human rhinovirus (13.1%), coronavirus (5.1%) and influenza virus (3.6%) constitute the top viral pathogens in triggering exacerbation. Moraxella and Haemophilus were 5-fold and 1.6-fold more likely to be the dominating microbiota during an exacerbation event. Presence of Proteobacteria such as Pseudomonas or Staphylococcus amongst others, were associated with exacerbation events (OR > 0.17; P < 0.02) but more strongly associated with exacerbation frequency (OR > 0.39; P < 4E-10), as confirmed by longitudinal variations and biotyping of the bacterial microbiota, and suggesting a role of the microbiota in sensitizing the lung. Conclusions This study highlights bacterial taxa in lung sensitization and viral triggers in COPD exacerbations. It provides a global overview of the diverse targets for drug development and explores new microbiome analysis methods to guide future patient management applications.
JO  - Respiratory Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 21
IS  - 1
PG  - 77-77
SP  - 77
EP  - 77
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s12931-020-01340-0
UR  - https://respiratory-research.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12931-020-01340-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How can I cope with redeployment?
AU  - Rimmer, Abi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - During the covid-19 pandemic trainees may be asked to work in unfamiliar environments. Abi Rimmer asks experts how doctors can deal with the change Max Denning, core surgical trainee, says, “You know more than you realise. As we face the realities of covid-19, extraordinary measures are needed to meet the demand on our health system. To meet this challenge, among other measures, trainees are likely to be redeployed to frontline specialties. While every trainee will feel some degree of anxiety; the experience of, and feelings about, being redeployed will vary with specialty and seniority. For junior trainees, rotating into different specialties is the norm. For senior trainees, rotations are less frequent and become increasingly specialised. Even the most sub-specialised doctors can contribute to the general medical care of patients with covid-19. All trainees develop transferable skills over time; how to manage an acute take, work as a team, escalate, refer appropriately, and most importantly how to care for unwell patients. “While it may seem isolating and daunting to work outside of …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1228-m1228
SP  - m1228
EP  - m1228
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1228
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1228
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Sixty seconds on . . . nightingales
AU  - Rimmer, Abi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - m1290-m1290
SP  - m1290
EP  - m1290
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1290
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1290
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Rapid assessment of regional SARS-CoV-2 community transmission through a convenience sample of healthcare workers, the Netherlands, March 2020
AU  - Reusken, Chantal B
AU  - Buiting, Anton
AU  - Bleeker-Rovers, Chantal
AU  - Diederen, Bram
AU  - Hooiveld, Mariëtte
AU  - Friesema, Ingrid
AU  - Koopmans, Marion
AU  - Kortbeek, Titia
AU  - Lutgens, Suzanne PM
AU  - Meijer, Adam
AU  - Murk, Jean-Luc
AU  - Overdevest, Ilse
AU  - Trienekens, Thera
AU  - Timen, Aura
AU  - Van den Bijllaardt, Wouter
AU  - Van Dissel, Jaap
AU  - Van Gageldonk-Lafeber, Arianne
AU  - Van der Vegt, Dewi
AU  - Wever, Peter C
AU  - Van der Hoek, Wim
AU  - Kluytmans, Jan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Eurosurveillance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 25
IS  - 12
PG  - 2000334
SP  - 2000334
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.12.2000334
UR  - https://eurosurveillance.org/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.12.2000334
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Home care for cancer patients during COVID-19 pandemic: the “double triage” protocol
AU  - Porzio, Giampiero
AU  - Cortellini, Alessio
AU  - Bruera, Eduardo
AU  - Verna, Lucilla
AU  - Ravoni, Giulio
AU  - Peris, Flaminia
AU  - Spinelli, Giuseppe
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Cancer patients have an increased risk of developing severe forms of COVID-19, and advanced cancer patients who are followed at home, represent a particularly frail population. Although with substantial differences, the challenges which cancer care professionals have to face with during a pandemic are quite similar to those posed by natural disasters. Some of us have already managed the oncological home care service after the 2009 earthquake in L’Aquila (middle Italy). With this letter, we want to share with the medical community the procedures and tools that we have started using at the home care service of the Tuscany Tumor Association during the COVID-19 pandemic.
JO  - Journal of Pain and Symptom Management
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2020.03.021
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S088539242030172X
NS  - 
N1  - Qingxia Zhong (2020-04-01 00:43:25)(Screen): doi error; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: why is the UK government ignoring WHO’s advice?
AU  - Pollock, Allyson M.
AU  - Roderick, Peter
AU  - Cheng, K. K.
AU  - Pankhania, Bharat
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Testing and tracing must resume urgently On 24 February, there were nine confirmed cases of covid-19 in the UK. On the same day, the World Health Organization recommended countries outside China with imported cases or outbreaks “prioritize active, exhaustive case finding and immediate testing and isolation, painstaking contact tracing and rigorous quarantine of close contacts.”1 On 22 March—when there were 5683 confirmed UK cases—Michael Ryan, executive director of the WHO health emergencies programme, repeated the message on the BBC: “What we really need to focus on is finding those who are sick, those who have the virus, and isolate them, find their contacts and isolate them.” This is entirely unexceptional. Case finding, contact tracing and testing, and strict quarantine are the classic tools in public health to control infectious diseases. WHO says they have been painstakingly adopted in China, with a high percentage of identified close contacts completing medical observation. In Singapore, Vietnam, and South Korea meticulous contact tracing combined with clinical observation plus testing were vital in containing the disease. This combined with strong measures to enforce isolation for …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1284-m1284
SP  - m1284
EP  - m1284
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1284
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1284
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Will the quality of research remain the same during the COVID-19 pandemic?
AU  - Peyrin-Biroulet, Laurent
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.cgh.2020.03.054
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1542356520304316 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1542356520304316
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Breaking News: Has the Emergency Department Ever Been More Boring — or Terrifying?
AU  - Bivens, Matt
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Emergency Medicine News
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 42
IS  - 4A
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00132981-202004141-00005
DO  - 10.1097/01.Eem.0000660656.51377.79
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/em-news/Fulltext/2020/04141/Breaking_News__Has_the_Emergency_Department_Ever.5.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Predicting commercially available antiviral drugs that may act on the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) through a drug-target interaction deep learning model
AU  - Beck, Bo Ram
AU  - Shin, Bonggun
AU  - Choi, Yoonjung
AU  - Park, Sungsoo
AU  - Kang, Keunsoo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The infection of a novel coronavirus found in Wuhan of China (SARS-CoV-2) is rapidly spreading, and the incidence rate is increasing worldwide. Due to the lack of effective treatment options for SARS-CoV-2, various strategies are being tested in China, including drug repurposing. In this study, we used our pre-trained deep learning-based drug-target interaction model called Molecule Transformer-Drug Target Interaction (MT-DTI) to identify commercially available drugs that could act on viral proteins of SARS-CoV-2. The result showed that atazanavir, an antiretroviral medication used to treat and prevent the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), is the best chemical compound, showing an inhibitory potency with Kd of 94.94 nM against the SARS-CoV-2 3C-like proteinase, followed by remdesivir (113.13 nM), efavirenz (199.17 nM), ritonavir (204.05 nM), and dolutegravir (336.91 nM). Interestingly, lopinavir, ritonavir, and darunavir are all designed to target viral proteinases. However, in our prediction, they may also bind to the replication complex components of SARS-CoV-2 with an inhibitory potency with Kd < 1,000 nM. In addition, we also found that several antiviral agents, such as Kaletra (lopinavir/ritonavir), could be used for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2. Overall, we suggest that the list of antiviral drugs identified by the MT-DTI model should be considered, when establishing effective treatment strategies for SARS-CoV-2.
JO  - Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csbj.2020.03.025
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2001037020300490
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 Testing
AU  - Babiker, Ahmed
AU  - Myers, Charlie W.
AU  - Hill, Charles E.
AU  - Guarner, Jeannette
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - American Journal of Clinical Pathology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/ajcp/aqaa052
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/ajcp/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ajcp/aqaa052/5813763
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Health psychology and the coronavirus (COVID-19) global pandemic: A call for research
AU  - Arden, Madelynne A.
AU  - Chilcot, Joseph
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - British Journal of Health Psychology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/bjhp.12414
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/bjhp.12414
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Goals of Care in a Pandemic: Our Experience and Recommendations
AU  - Adams, Catherine
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract: We propose that the palliative care team response will occur in two waves: first communication and second symptom management. Our experience with discussing goals of care with the family of a COVID positive patient highlighted some expected and unexpected challenges. We describe these challenges along with recommendations for approaching these conversations. We also propose a framework for proactively mobilizing the palliative care workforce to aggressively address goals of care in all patients, with the aim of reducing the need for rationing of resources.
JO  - Journal of Pain and Symptom Management
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2020.03.018
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S088539242030169X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Pandemic and Acute Myocardial Infarction: Management Protocol From A British Cardiac Centre
AU  - Abdelaziz, Hesham k
AU  - Patel, Billal
AU  - Chalil, Shajil
AU  - Choudhury, Tawfiq
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Critical Pathways in Cardiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Publish Ahead of Print
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00132577-900000000-99970
DO  - 10.1097/hpc.0000000000000222
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/critpathcardio/Fulltext/publishahead/COVID_19_Pandemic_and_Acute_Myocardial_Infarction_.99970.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID 19 – Journal de bord – 15/03/2020 : premières réflexions
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - La Presse Médicale Formation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lpmfor.2020.03.022
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666479820300501
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Отчет о совместной технической миссии ВОЗ и Китайской Народной Республики по проблеме новой коронавирусной инфекции СОVID-2019 (Выдержки)
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Эпидемиология И Вакцинопрофилактика
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 19
IS  - 1
PG  - 98
SP  - 98
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=42512096
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Передовые методы профилактики инфекций и инфекционного контроля с особым вниманием к COVID-19: страны делятся опытом
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Эпидемиология И Вакцинопрофилактика
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 19
IS  - 1
PG  - 76
SP  - 76
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=42512092
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Sars-Cov-2: Underestimated damage to nervous system
AU  - Zhou, L.
AU  - Zhang, M.
AU  - Gao, J.
AU  - Wang, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Travel medicine and infectious disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101642
SP  - 101642
EP  - 
AN  - 32220634
DO  - 10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101642
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Management of a colon cancer patient infected with corona virus disease 2019]
AU  - Ye, Z.
AU  - Hong, Y.
AU  - Wu, X.
AU  - Hong, D.
AU  - Zhang, Y.
AU  - Dong, X.
AU  - Rao, Y.
AU  - Lu, X.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE: To explore the feasibility of surgical treatment for cancer patients complicated with corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19). METHODS: The management and clinical outcome of a sigmoid cancer patient with COVID-19 were analyzed. RESULTS: The inflammation indicators and fever of this patient were effectively controlled and the lung lesions remained stable after active anti-viral treatment, then the radical colorectomy was performed after the viral negative conversion for twice. CONCLUSIONS: The case indicates that it may feasible to undergo radical tumor surgery for cancer patients with COVID-19 after the virus nucleic acid testing turns negative and more studies are needed to confirm this conclusion.
JO  - Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 49
IS  - 1
PG  - 0
SP  - 0
EP  - 
AN  - 32222121
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Follow-up testing of viral nucleic acid in discharged patients with moderate type of 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19)]
AU  - Li, Y.
AU  - Hu, Y.
AU  - Zhang, X.
AU  - Yu, Y.
AU  - Li, B.
AU  - Wu, J.
AU  - Wu, Y.
AU  - Xia, X.
AU  - Xu, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical outcome of patients with moderate type of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) after discharge by retesting viral nucleic acid. METHODS: Seven patients with moderate COVID-19 met the discharge criteria enacted by National Health Commission were quarantine in hospital for 7 days, then continuously quarantined at home for 4 weeks after discharged. During the three weeks of quarantined period, the symptoms and signs were documented; and sputum or nasal swab and feces samples were collected to test SARS-COV-2 nucleic acid by RT-PCR method. RESULTS: There were no symptoms and signs during the quarantine period in all 7 patients. However, respiratory swabs from 3 patients were confirmed positive of SARS-COV-2 nucleic acid at 5 to 7 days after they met the discharge criteria. CONCLUSIONS: The study indicates that there is a relatively high incidence of positive viral nucleic acid in patients met the discharge criteria, and it is suggested that patients met the current discharge criteria should be quarantined in hospital for another 7 days and the follow-up viral testing is necessary.
JO  - Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 49
IS  - 1
PG  - 0
SP  - 0
EP  - 
AN  - 32222122
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Physical exercise as therapy to fight against the mental and physical consequences of COVID-19 quarantine: Special focus in older people
AU  - Jimenez-Pavon, D.
AU  - Carbonell-Baeza, A.
AU  - Lavie, C. J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Progress in cardiovascular diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32220590
DO  - 10.1016/j.pcad.2020.03.009
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Featuring COVID-19 cases via screening symptomatic patients with epidemiologic link during flu season in a medical center of central Taiwan
AU  - Hsih, W. H.
AU  - Cheng, M. Y.
AU  - Ho, M. W.
AU  - Chou, C. H.
AU  - Lin, P. C.
AU  - Chi, C. Y.
AU  - Liao, W. C.
AU  - Chen, C. Y.
AU  - Leong, L. Y.
AU  - Tien, N.
AU  - Lai, H. C.
AU  - Lai, Y. C.
AU  - Lu, M. C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CO-V-2), was first reported in Wuhan, Hubei province, China has now rapidly spread over 50 countries. For the prevention and control of infection, Taiwan Centers for Disease Control initiated testing of SARS-CoV-2 on January 24th 2020 for persons suspected with this disease. Until February 28th, 43 flu-like symptomatic patients were screened in China Medical University Hospital. METHODS: Two patients were confirmed positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection by rRT-PCR as COVID-19 patients A and B. Causative pathogens for included patients were detected using FilmArray Respiratory Panel. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical presentations, laboratory data, radiologic findings, and travel and exposure contact histories, of the COVID-19 patients in comparison to those with other respiratory infections. RESULTS: Through contact with Taiwan No. 19 case patient on 27th January, COVID-19 patients A and B were infected. Both patients had no identified comorbidities and developed mild illness with temporal fever, persistent cough, and lung interstitial infiltrates. Owing to the persistence of positive SARS-CoV-2 in respiratory specimen, the two COVID-19 patients are still in the isolation rooms despite recovery until 10th of March. The results of FilmArrayTM Respiratory Panel revealed 22 of the 41 non-COVID-19 patients were infected by particular pathogens. In general, seasonal respiratory pathogens are more prevalent than SARS-CoV-2 in symptomatic patients in non- COVID-19 endemic area during the flu season. Since all patients shared similar clinical and laboratory findings, expanded surveillance of detailed exposure history for suspected patients and application of rapid detection tools are highly recommended.
JO  - Journal of microbiology, immunology, and infection = Wei mian yu gan ran za zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32220574
DO  - 10.1016/j.jmii.2020.03.008
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus and a greener future
AU  - Hancocks Obe, S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - British dental journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 228
IS  - 6
PG  - 393
SP  - 393
EP  - 
AN  - 32221416
DO  - 10.1038/s41415-020-1432-y
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - ISUOG Safety Committee Position Statement: safe performance of obstetric and gynecological scans and equipment cleaning in the context of COVID-19
AU  - Poon, L. C.
AU  - Abramowicz, J. S.
AU  - Dall'Asta, A.
AU  - Sande, R.
AU  - Ter Haar, G.
AU  - Marsal, K.
AU  - Brezinka, C.
AU  - Miloro, P.
AU  - Basseal, J.
AU  - Westerway, S. C.
AU  - Abu-Rustum, R. S.
AU  - Lees, C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32207189
DO  - 10.1002/uog.22027
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The challenge of communicating and controlling the coronavirus epidemic
AU  - Moreno-Montoya, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Biomedica : revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 40
IS  - 1
PG  - 11-13
SP  - 11
EP  - 13
AN  - 32220158
DO  - 10.7705/biomedica.5455
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Medical Education Adaptations: Really Good Stuff for Educational Transition during a Pandemic
AU  - Eva, Kevin W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, educators around the globe are scrambling to adapt in ways that facilitate the ongoing knowledge and skill development of the next generation of health professionals while social distancing and other measures are dramatically disrupting standard practices.
JO  - Medical Education
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/medu.14172
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/medu.14172
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Correction to Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome (The Lancet Respiratory Medicine, (S221326002030076X), (10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30076-X))
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Xu Z, Shi L, Wang Y, et al. Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Lancet Respir Med 2020; published online Feb 17. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30076-X—In this Case Report “by obtaining biopsy samples at autopsy” has been replace with “by postmortem biopsies” in paragraph 1, “microvascular” has been replaced with “microvesicular” in two incidences in paragraph 5, and “(B) Frequency of Th17 (CD4+ CCR6+CCR4+) subset” has been changed to “(B) Frequency of Th17 (CD4+ CCR6+) subset” on page 3 of the appendix. These corrections have been made to the online version as of Feb 25, 2020, and will be made to the printed version.
JO  - The Lancet Respiratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30085-0
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005408559 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30085-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19, a pandemic or not?
AU  - The Lancet Infectious, Diseases
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 20
IS  - 4
PG  - 383
SP  - 383
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30180-8
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005391165 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30180-8
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Correction to The first Vietnamese case of COVID-19 acquired from China (The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2020) 20(4) (408–409), (S1473309920301110), (10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30111-0))
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Cuong LV, Giang HTN, Linh LC, et al. The first Vietnamese case of COVID-19 acquired from China. Lancet Infectious Diseases 2020; published online Feb 18. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30111-0—In this Letter, parts A and B in the figure were labelled the wrong way around. This correction has been made to the online version as of Feb 24, 2020, and will be made to the printed version.
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - e50
SP  - e50
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30128-6
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005391160 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30128-6
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Offline: COVID-19 and the NHS—“a national scandal”
AU  - Horton, R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10229
PG  - 1022
SP  - 1022
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30727-3
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005387657 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30727-3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Did the hesitancy in declaring COVID-19 a pandemic reflect a need to redefine the term?
AU  - Green, M. S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10229
PG  - 1034-1035
SP  - 1034
EP  - 1035
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30630-9
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005225001 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30630-9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Erratum: Department of Error (The Lancet (2020) 395(10229) (1054–1062), (S0140673620305663), (10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30566-3))
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Zhou F, Yu T, Du R, et al. Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet 2020; published online March 9. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30566-3—In this Article, the units for d-dimer, haemoglobin, and high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I have been corrected to μg/mL (d-dimer), g/L (haemoglobin), and pg/mL (high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I). In figure 1, the start of systematic corticosteroid for non-survivors has been changed to day 13 after illness onset. The appendix has also been corrected. These corrections have been made to the online version as of March 12, 2020, and will be made to the printed version.
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10229
PG  - 1038
SP  - 1038
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30638-3
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005387666 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30638-3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - NetNCSP: Nonoverlapping closed sequential pattern mining
AU  - Wu, Youxi
AU  - Zhu, Changrui
AU  - Li, Yan
AU  - Guo, Lei
AU  - Wu, Xindong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Sequential pattern mining (SPM) has been applied in many fields. However, traditional SPM neglects the pattern repetition in sequence. To solve this problem, gap constraint SPM was proposed and can avoid finding too many useless patterns. Nonoverlapping SPM, as a branch of gap constraint SPM, means that any two occurrences cannot use the same sequence letter in the same position as the occurrences. Nonoverlapping SPM can make a balance between efficiency and completeness. The frequent patterns discovered by existing methods normally contain redundant patterns. To reduce redundant patterns and improve the mining performance, this paper adopts the closed pattern mining strategy and proposes a complete algorithm, named Nettree for Nonoverlapping Closed Sequential Pattern (NetNCSP) based on the Nettree structure. NetNCSP is equipped with two key steps, support calculation and closeness determination. A backtracking strategy is employed to calculate the nonoverlapping support of a pattern on the corresponding Nettree, which reduces the time complexity. This paper also proposes three kinds of pruning strategies, inheriting, predicting, and determining. These pruning strategies are able to find the redundant patterns effectively since the strategies can predict the frequency and closeness of the patterns before the generation of the candidate patterns. Experimental results show that NetNCSP is not only more efficient but can also discover more closed patterns with good compressibility. Furtherly, in biological experiments NetNCSP mines the closed patterns in SARS-CoV-2 and SARS viruses. The results show that the two viruses are of similar pattern composition with different combinations.
JO  - Knowledge-Based Systems
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 105812-105812
SP  - 105812
EP  - 105812
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.knosys.2020.105812
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0950705120301945
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 vaccines: status report
AU  - Amanat, Fatima
AU  - Krammer, Florian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - SARS-CoV-2, the causal agent of COVID-19, first emerged in late 2019 in China. It has since infected more than 170,000 individuals and caused more than 6500 deaths globally. Here we discuss therapeutic and prophylactic interventions for SARS-CoV-2 with a focus on vaccine development and its challenges. Vaccines are being rapidly developed but will likely come too late to have an impact on the first wave of a potential pandemic. Nevertheless, important lessons can be learned for the development of vaccines against rapidly emerging viruses. Importantly, SARS-CoV-2 vaccines will be essential to reducing morbidity and mortality if the virus establishes itself in the population.
JO  - Journnal of Immunity
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.immuni.2020.03.007
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 through the lens of gerontology
AU  - Le Couteur, David G.
AU  - Anderson, Rozalyn M.
AU  - Newman, Anne B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journals of Gerontology: Series A
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/gerona/glaa077
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/biomedgerontology/advance-article/doi/10.1093/gerona/glaa077/5813435
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Balancing Health Privacy, Health Information Exchange and Research in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Lenert, Leslie
AU  - McSwain, Brooke Yeager
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus COVID-19 infection poses serious challenges to the healthcare system that are being addressed through the creation of new unique and advanced systems of care with disjointed care processes (telehealth screening, drive-through specimen collection, remote testing, telehealth management, etc.) However, our current regulations on the flows of information for clinical care and research are antiquated and often conflict at the state and federal level. This paper discusses proposed changes to privacy regulations such as the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability act (HIPAA) designed to let health information seamlessly and frictionlessly flow between the health entities that need to collaborate on treatment of patients and, also, allow it to flow to researchers trying to understand how to limit its impacts.
JO  - Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/jamia/ocaa039
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/jamia/advance-article/doi/10.1093/jamia/ocaa039/5814212
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Screening for Chinese medical staff mental health by SDS and SAS during the outbreak of COVID-19
AU  - Liang, Y.
AU  - Chen, M.
AU  - Zheng, X.
AU  - Liu, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Psychosomatic Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 133
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2020.110102
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005396807 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2020.110102
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and the Pediatric Gastroenterologist
AU  - Murray, Karen F.
AU  - Gold, Benjamin D.
AU  - Shamir, Raanan
AU  - Agostoni, Carlo
AU  - Pierre-Alvarez, Reinaldo
AU  - Kolacek, Sanja
AU  - Hsu, Evelyn K.
AU  - Chen, Jie
PY  - 9000
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Publish Ahead of Print
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00005176-900000000-96117
DO  - 10.1097/mpg.0000000000002730
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/jpgn/Fulltext/publishahead/COVID_19_and_the_Pediatric_Gastroenterologist.96117.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Response to 'Comments on 'Zhang et al.: Clinical trial analysis of 2019-nCoV therapy registered in China ''
AU  - Zhang, Qi
AU  - Wang, Yakun
AU  - Qi, Changsong
AU  - Shen, Lin
AU  - Li, Jian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract We thank Dr. Yang and colleagues for their attention to our article1,2. And we appreciate their meaningful suggestions, which we highly agree with. With the purpose of letting the public know the overall situation of the clinical trials of new coronary pneumonia in China as soon as possible, we completed the data collection and brief analysis in a very short time. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25803
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25803
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Caution should be exercised for the detection of SARS-CoV-2, especially in the elderly
AU  - YajunYuan
AU  - Wang, Nan
AU  - Ou, Xueqing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, a pneumonia outbreak, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was first identified in Wuhan, China and presented a major threat to public health. Nationwide, there were more than 70,000 confirmed cases, and 2500 deaths. Most patients were elderly, with severe disease. For acute respiratory infection, RT-PCR is routinely used to detect causative viruses in respiratory secretions. Coronavirus RNA can be detected from nose and throat swabs, sputum and other lower respiratory tract secretions, blood and feces. Such specimens were examined by RT-PCR. Three targets, RdRP, E and N genes were detected, indicating samples were positive for SARS-CoV-2]. After patient recovery, a chest CT examination, combined with SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection, confirmed diagnosis. However, some recovery patients with negative RNA tests turned RNA positive. The preliminary data is about 14% of discharged patients in Guangdong reported by the Guangdong Center for Disease Control (CDC). This is an important scientific issue. If samples are positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA, patients should be managed according to infection source. Fortunately, there were no close contacts of second-generation cases. We herein report six SARS-CoV-2 cases confirmed in our hospital, for the changes of results of SARS-CoV-2 RNA should attract attention. Most patients were elderly, with a low Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI). However, the association of the phenomenon with aging and GNRI has not yet been reported in detail. Further investigations are necessary to confirm and improve these findings. Similarly, discharged patient follow-up should be strengthened. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25796
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - CD-sACE2 Inclusion Compounds: An Effective Treatment for Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
AU  - Sun, Pengfei
AU  - Lu, Xiaosheng
AU  - Xu, Chao
AU  - Wang, Yanjin
AU  - Sun, Wenjuan
AU  - Xi, Jianing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract ACE2 is a metalloproteinase and a homolog of carboxypeptidase ACE. It hydrolyzes a variety of angiotensin peptides and is the main active peptide of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS).[3] ACE2, which is made of 805 amino acids, is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein with a single extracellular catalytic domain. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25804
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25804
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Potential utilities of mask wearing and instant hand hygiene for fighting SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Ma, Qing-Xia
AU  - Shan, Hu
AU  - Zhang, Hong-Liang
AU  - Li, Gui-Mei
AU  - Yang, Rui-Mei
AU  - Chen, Ji-Ming
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Background The surge of patients in the pandemic of COVID-19 caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 may overwhelm the medical systems of many countries. Mask wearing and hand washing can slow the spread of the virus, but currently masks are in shortage in many countries, and timely hand washing is often impossible. Methods The efficacy of three types of masks and instant hand wiping was evaluated using avian influenza virus to mock the coronavirus. Virus quantification was performed using real-time RT-PCR. Previous studies on mask wearing were reviewed. Results Instant hand wiping using a wet towel soaked in water containing 1.00% soap powder, 0.05% active chlorine, or 0.25% active chlorine from sodium hypochlorite removed 98.36%, 96.62%, and 99.98% of the virus from hands, respectively. N95 masks, medical masks, and homemade masks made of 4-layer kitchen paper and 1-layer cloth could block 99.98%, 97.14%, and 95.15% of the virus in aerosols. Medical mask wearing which was supported by many studies was opposed by other studies possibly due to erroneous judgment. With these data we propose the approach of mask wearing plus instant hand hygiene (MIH) to slow the exponential spread of the virus. This MIH approach has been supported by the experiences of seven countries in fighting against COVID-19. Conclusions A simple approach to slow the exponential spread of SARS-CoV-2 was proposed with the support of experiments, literature review, and control experiences. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25805
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25805
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 epidemic: disease characteristics in children
AU  - Jiatong, She
AU  - lanqin, Liu
AU  - Wenjun, Liu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract In mid-December 2019, a disease caused by infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), which began in Wuhan, China, has spread throughout the country and many countries around the world. The number of children with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) has also increased significantly. Although information regarding the epidemiology of COVID-19 in children has accumulated, relevant comprehensive reports are lacking. The present article reviews the epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 in children. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25807
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25807
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Analysis of heart injury laboratory parameters in 273 COVID-19 patients in one hospital in Wuhan, China
AU  - Han, Huan
AU  - Xie, Linlin
AU  - Liu, Rui
AU  - Yang, Jie
AU  - Liu, Fang
AU  - Wu, Kailang
AU  - Chen, Lang
AU  - Hou, Wei
AU  - Feng, Yong
AU  - Zhu, Chengliang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstact An outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 epidemic spreads rapidly worldwide. SARS-CoV-2 infection caused mildly to seriously and fatally respiratory, enteric, cardiovascular, and neurological diseases. In this study, we detected and analyzed the main laboratory indicators related to heart injury, CK-MB, MYO, ultra-TnI and NT-proBNP, in 273 COVID-19 patients and investigated the correlation between heart injury and severity of the disease. It was found that higher concentration in venous blood of CK-MB, MYO, ultra-TnI and NT-proBNP were associated with the severity and case-fatality rate of COVID-19. Careful monitoring of the myocardiac enzyme profiles is of great importance in reducing the complications and mortality in COVID-19 patients. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25809
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25809
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Diagnosis and Treatment of an Acute Severe Pneumonia Patient with COVID-19: Case Report
AU  - Deng, Zhe
AU  - Yuxing, H. U.
AU  - Yang, Ping
AU  - Zheng, Piao
AU  - Peng, Wenfeng
AU  - Ren, Biqiong
AU  - Zeng, Xiangbo
AU  - Tian, Xuefei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 outbreak globally and continues to grow This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25802
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32227488
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Human challenge studies to accelerate coronavirus vaccine licensure
AU  - Eyal, Nir
AU  - Lipsitch, Marc
AU  - Smith, Peter G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Controlled human challenge trials of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidates could accelerate the testing and potential rollout of efficacious vaccines. By replacing conventional Phase 3 testing of vaccine candidates, such trials may subtract many months from the licensure process, making efficacious vaccines available more quickly. Obviously, challenging volunteers with this live virus risks inducing severe disease and possibly even death. However, we argue that such studies, by accelerating vaccine evaluation, could reduce the global burden of coronavirus-related mortality and morbidity. Volunteers in such studies could autonomously authorize the risks to themselves, and their net risk could be acceptable if participants comprise healthy young adults, who are at relatively low risk of serious disease following natural infection, they have a high baseline risk of natural infection, and during the trial they receive frequent monitoring and, following any infection, the best available care.
JO  - The Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/infdis/jiaa152
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/jid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/infdis/jiaa152/5814216
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Overview of guidance for endoscopy during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic
AU  - Lui, Rashid N.
AU  - Wong, Sunny H.
AU  - Sánchez-Luna, Sergio A.
AU  - Pellino, Gianluca
AU  - Bollipo, Steven
AU  - Wong, Mei-Yin
AU  - Chiu, Philip W. Y.
AU  - Sung, Joseph J. Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract From its beginning in December 2019, the COVID-19 outbreak has spread globally from Wuhan and is now declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). The sheer scale and severity of this pandemic is unprecedented in the modern era. Though primarily a respiratory tract infection transmitted by direct contact and droplets, during aerosol generating procedures (AGPs) there is a possibility of airborne transmission. In addition, emerging evidence suggests possible fecal-oral spread of the virus. Clinical departments that perform endoscopy are faced with daunting challenges during this pandemic. To date, multiple position statements and guidelines have been issued by various professional organizations to recommend practices in endoscopic procedures. This article aims to summarize and discuss available evidence for these practices, to provide guidance for endoscopy to enhance patient safety, avoid nosocomial outbreaks, protect healthcare personnel and ensure rational use of personal protective equipment (PPE). Responses adapted to national recommendations, local infection control guidelines and tailored to the availability of medical resources are imminently needed to fight the COVID-19 pandemic.
JO  - Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jgh.15053
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jgh.15053
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - People with Suspected COVID-19 Symptoms Were More Likely Depressed and Had Lower Health-Related Quality of Life: The Potential Benefit of Health Literacy
AU  - Nguyen, Hoang C.
AU  - Nguyen, Minh H.
AU  - Do, Binh N.
AU  - Tran, Cuong Q.
AU  - Nguyen, Thao T. P.
AU  - Pham, Khue M.
AU  - Pham, Linh V.
AU  - Tran, Khanh V.
AU  - Duong, Trang T.
AU  - Tran, Tien V.
AU  - Duong, Thai H.
AU  - Nguyen, Tham T.
AU  - Nguyen, Quyen H.
AU  - Hoang, Thanh M.
AU  - Nguyen, Kien T.
AU  - Pham, Thu T. M.
AU  - Yang, Shwu-Huey
AU  - Chao, Jane C. J.
AU  - Duong, Tuyen Van
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic affects people’s health and health-related quality of life (HRQoL), especially in those who have suspected COVID-19 symptoms (S-COVID-19-S). We examined the effect of modifications of health literacy (HL) on depression and HRQoL. A cross-sectional study was conducted from 14 February to 2 March 2020. 3947 participants were recruited from outpatient departments of nine hospitals and health centers across Vietnam. The interviews were conducted using printed questionnaires including participants’ characteristics, clinical parameters, health behaviors, HL, depression, and HRQoL. People with S-COVID-19-S had a higher depression likelihood (OR, 2.88; p < 0.001), lower HRQoL-score (B, −7.92; p < 0.001). In comparison to people without S-COVID-19-S and low HL, those with S-COVID-19-S and low HL had 9.70 times higher depression likelihood (p < 0.001), 20.62 lower HRQoL-score (p < 0.001), for the people without S-COVID-19-S, 1 score increment of HL resulted in 5% lower depression likelihood (p < 0.001) and 0.45 higher HRQoL-score (p < 0.001), while for those people with S-COVID-19-S, 1 score increment of HL resulted in a 4% lower depression likelihood (p = 0.004) and 0.43 higher HRQoL-score (p < 0.001). People with S-COVID-19-S had a higher depression likelihood and lower HRQoL than those without. HL shows a protective effect on depression and HRQoL during the epidemic.
JO  - Journal of Clinical Medicine 2020, Vol. 9, Page 965
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 4
PG  - 965-965
SP  - 965
EP  - 965
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/JCM9040965
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/9/4/965
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Systematic Review of COVID-19 Epidemiology Based on Current Evidence
AU  - Park, Minah
AU  - Cook, Alex R.
AU  - Lim, Jue Tao
AU  - Sun, Yinxiaohe
AU  - Dickens, Borame L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) continues to spread rapidly across the globe, we aimed to identify and summarize the existing evidence on epidemiological characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 and the effectiveness of control measures to inform policymakers and leaders in formulating management guidelines, and to provide directions for future research. We conducted a systematic review of the published literature and preprints on the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak following predefined eligibility criteria. Of 317 research articles generated from our initial search on PubMed and preprint archives on 21 February 2020, 41 met our inclusion criteria and were included in the review. Current evidence suggests that it takes about 3-7 days for the epidemic to double in size. Of 21 estimates for the basic reproduction number ranging from 1.9 to 6.5, 13 were between 2.0 and 3.0. The incubation period was estimated to be 4-6 days, whereas the serial interval was estimated to be 4-8 days. Though the true case fatality risk is yet unknown, current model-based estimates ranged from 0.3% to 1.4% for outside China. There is an urgent need for rigorous research focusing on the mitigation efforts to minimize the impact on society.
JO  - Journal of Clinical Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 4
PG  - 967-967
SP  - 967
EP  - 967
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/JCM9040967
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/9/4/967
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 threatens health systems in sub-Saharan Africa: the eye of the crocodile
AU  - Paintsil, Elijah
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The threat of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) to health systems in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) can be compared metaphorically to a lake in Africa infested with a bask of crocodiles and the saying: "the eye of the crocodile." In the lake, only the eyes of the crocodile appear on the surface while the rest of the body is submerged in water. In this Viewpoint, the eyes and the body of the crocodile represent the public health preparedness and health systems, respectively, in SSA.
JO  - The Journal of clinical investigation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1172/JCI138493
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Our Response to COVID-19 as Endocrinologists and Diabetologists
AU  - Kaiser, Ursula B.
AU  - Mirmira, Raghavendra G.
AU  - Stewart, Paul M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 105
IS  - 5
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1210/clinem/dgaa148
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/jcem/article/doi/10.1210/clinem/dgaa148/5814115
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pulmonary infiltration shadows associated with acute aortic dissection mimicking coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - Hamasaki, Azumi
AU  - Kikuchi, Chizuo
AU  - Niinami, Hiroshi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A 57-year-old man was diagnosed with acute aortic dissection (AAD), but had marked infiltration shadows in his right lung. Intraoperative findings showed that large subadventitial hematomas had spread from the ascending aorta to the right pulmonary artery, which may have caused the infiltration of the lung. Subadventitial hematoma must be considered in rare cases of AAD with pulmonary infiltration. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of cardiac surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jocs.14533
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Safety Recommendations for Evaluation and Surgery of the Head and Neck During the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Givi, Babak
AU  - Schiff, Bradley A.
AU  - Chinn, Steven B.
AU  - Clayburgh, Daniel
AU  - Iyer, N. Gopalakrishna
AU  - Jalisi, Scharukh
AU  - Moore, Michael G.
AU  - Nathan, Cherie-Ann
AU  - Orloff, Lisa A.
AU  - O’Neill, James P.
AU  - Parker, Noah
AU  - Zender, Chad
AU  - Morris, Luc G. T.
AU  - Davies, Louise
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - ImportanceThe rapidly expanding novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, has challenged the medical community to an unprecedented degree. Physicians and health care workers are at added risk of exposure and infection during the course of patient care. Because of the rapid spread of this disease through respiratory droplets, health care workers who come in close contact with the upper aerodigestive tract during diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, such as otolaryngologists–head and neck surgeons, are particularly at risk. A set of safety recommendations was created based on a review of the literature and communications with physicians with firsthand knowledge of safety procedures during the COVID-19 pandemic.ObservationsA high number of health care workers were infected during the first phase of the pandemic in the city of Wuhan, China. Subsequently, by adopting strict safety precautions, other regions were able to achieve high levels of safety for health care workers without jeopardizing the care of patients. The most common procedures related to the examination and treatment of upper aerodigestive tract diseases were reviewed. Each category was reviewed based on the potential risk imposed to health care workers. Specific recommendations were made based on the literature, when available, or consensus best practices. Specific safety recommendations were made for performing tracheostomy in patients with COVID-19.Conclusions and RelevancePreserving a highly skilled health care workforce is a top priority for any community and health care system. Based on the experience of health care systems in Asia and Europe, by following strict safety guidelines, the risk of exposure and infection of health care workers could be greatly reduced while providing high levels of care. The provided recommendations, which may evolve over time, could be used as broad guidance for all health care workers who are involved in the care of patients with COVID-19.
JO  - JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jamaoto.2020.0780
UR  - https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaotolaryngology/fullarticle/2764032
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Characteristics of Ocular Findings of Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Hubei Province, China
AU  - Wu, Ping
AU  - Duan, Fang
AU  - Luo, Chunhua
AU  - Liu, Qiang
AU  - Qu, Xingguang
AU  - Liang, Liang
AU  - Wu, Kaili
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Importance. While the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has resulted in more than 100 000 infected individuals in China and worldwide, there are few reports on the association of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) with ocular abnormalities. Understanding ocular manifestations of patients with COVID-19 by ophthalmologists and others may facilitate the diagnosis and prevention of transmission of the disease.ObjectiveTo investigate ocular manifestations and viral prevalence in the conjunctiva of patients with COVID-19.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsIn this case series, patients with COVID-19 treated from February 9 to 15, 2020, at a hospital center in Hubei province, China, were retrospectively reviewed for ocular manifestations. During the period of treatment, the ocular signs and symptoms as well as results of blood tests and reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) from nasopharyngeal and conjunctival swabs for SARS-CoV-2 were noted and analyzed.Main Outcomes and MeasuresOcular signs and symptoms as well as results of blood tests and RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2.ResultsOf the 38 included patients with clinically confirmed COVID-19, 25 (65.8%) were male, and the mean (SD) age was 65.8 (16.6) years. Among them, 28 patients (73.7%) had positive findings for COVID-19 on RT-PCR from nasopharyngeal swabs, and of these, 2 patients (5.2%) yielded positive findings for SARS-CoV-2 in their conjunctival as well as nasopharyngeal specimens. A total of 12 of 38 patients (31.6%; 95% CI, 17.5-48.7) had ocular manifestations consistent with conjunctivitis, including conjunctival hyperemia, chemosis, epiphora, or increased secretions. By univariate analysis, patients with ocular symptoms were more likely to have higher white blood cell and neutrophil counts and higher levels of procalcitonin, C-reactive protein, and lactate dehydrogenase than patients without ocular symptoms. In addition, 11 of 12 patients with ocular abnormalities (91.7%; 95% CI, 61.5-99.8) had positive results for SARS-CoV-2 on RT-PCR from nasopharyngeal swabs. Of these, 2 (16.7%) had positive results for SARS-CoV-2 on RT-PCR from both conjunctival and nasopharyngeal swabs.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this study, one-third of patients with COVID-19 had ocular abnormalities, which frequently occurred in patients with more severe COVID-19. Although there is a low prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in tears, it is possible to transmit via the eyes.
JO  - JAMA Ophthalmology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2020.1291
UR  - https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaophthalmology/fullarticle/2764083
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Perspectives on Coronavirus Disease 2019 Control Measures for Ophthalmology Clinics Based on a Singapore Center Experience
AU  - Jun, Ivan Seah Yu
AU  - Hui, Krystal Khoo Oon
AU  - Songbo, Paul Zhao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA Ophthalmology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2020.1288
UR  - https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaophthalmology/fullarticle/2764085
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Community Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Among Patients With Influenzalike Illnesses Presenting to a Los Angeles Medical Center in March 2020
AU  - Spellberg, Brad
AU  - Haddix, Meredith
AU  - Lee, Rebecca
AU  - Butler-Wu, Susan
AU  - Holtom, Paul
AU  - Yee, Hal
AU  - Gounder, Prabhu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.4958
UR  - https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2764137
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Roles of the Clinical Pharmacist During the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Gross, Alan E.
AU  - MacDougall, Conan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JACCP: JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CLINICAL PHARMACY
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jac5.1231
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jac5.1231
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Methanol Mass Poisoning Outbreak: A Consequence of COVID-19 Pandemic and Misleading Messages on Social Media
AU  - Soltaninejad, Kambiz
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The international journal of occupational and environmental medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.34172/ijoem.2020.1983
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Impact of COVID-19 on Italy: A Lesson for the Future
AU  - Santacroce, Luigi
AU  - Bottalico, Lucrezia
AU  - Charitos, Ioannis Alexandros
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The international journal of occupational and environmental medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.34172/ijoem.2020.1984
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32225178
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 epidemic: disentangling the re-emerging controversy about medical facemasks from an epidemiological perspective
AU  - Chan, Ka Hung
AU  - Yuen, Kwok-Yung
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International Journal of Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/ije/dyaa044
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/ije/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ije/dyaa044/5813980
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Mental Health and Quality of Life among Local Residents in Liaoning Province, China: A Cross-Sectional Study
AU  - Zhang, Yingfei
AU  - Ma, Zheng Feei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Our study aimed to investigate the immediate impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health and quality of life among local Chinese residents aged &ge;18 years in Liaoning Province, mainland China. An online survey was distributed through a social media platform between January and February 2020. Participants completed a modified validated questionnaire that assessed the Impact of Event Scale (IES), indicators of negative mental health impacts, social and family support, and mental health-related lifestyle changes. A total of 263 participants (106 males and 157 females) completed the study. The mean age of the participants was 37.7 &plusmn; 14.0 years, and 74.9% had a high level of education. The mean IES score in the participants was 13.6 &plusmn; 7.7, reflecting a mild stressful impact. Only 7.6% of participants had an IES score &ge;26. The majority of participants (53.3%) did not feel helpless due to the pandemic. On the other hand, 52.1% of participants felt horrified and apprehensive due to the pandemic. Additionally, the majority of participants (57.8&ndash;77.9%) received increased support from friends and family members, increased shared feeling and caring with family members and others. In conclusion, the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with mild stressful impact in our sample, even though the COVID-19 pandemic is still ongoing. These findings would need to be verified in larger population studies.
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, Vol. 17, Page 2381
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 17
IS  - 7
PG  - 2381-2381
SP  - 2381
EP  - 2381
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/IJERPH17072381
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/7/2381
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prediction of Number of Cases of 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Using Social Media Search Index
AU  - Qin, Lei
AU  - Sun, Qiang
AU  - Wang, Yidan
AU  - Wu, Ke-Fei
AU  - Chen, Mingchih
AU  - Shia, Ben-Chang
AU  - Wu, Szu-Yuan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Predicting the number of new suspected or confirmed cases of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is crucial in the prevention and control of the COVID-19 outbreak. Social media search indexes (SMSI) for dry cough, fever, chest distress, coronavirus, and pneumonia were collected from 31 December 2019 to 9 February 2020. The new suspected cases of COVID-19 data were collected from 20 January 2020 to 9 February 2020. We used the lagged series of SMSI to predict new suspected COVID-19 case numbers during this period. To avoid overfitting, five methods, namely subset selection, forward selection, lasso regression, ridge regression, and elastic net, were used to estimate coefficients. We selected the optimal method to predict new suspected COVID-19 case numbers from 20 January 2020 to 9 February 2020. We further validated the optimal method for new confirmed cases of COVID-19 from 31 December 2019 to 17 February 2020. The new suspected COVID-19 case numbers correlated significantly with the lagged series of SMSI. SMSI could be detected 6–9 days earlier than new suspected cases of COVID-19. The optimal method was the subset selection method, which had the lowest estimation error and a moderate number of predictors. The subset selection method also significantly correlated with the new confirmed COVID-19 cases after validation. SMSI findings on lag day 10 were significantly correlated with new confirmed COVID-19 cases. SMSI could be a significant predictor of the number of COVID-19 infections. SMSI could be an effective early predictor, which would enable governments’ health departments to locate potential and high-risk outbreak areas.
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 17
IS  - 7
PG  - 2365-2365
SP  - 2365
EP  - 2365
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/ijerph17072365
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/7/2365
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - What to D.O.: ‘I'm Scared of the Coronavirus Too’
AU  - Pescatore, Richard
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Emergency Medicine News
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 42
IS  - 4
PG  - 1,31-31
SP  - 1,31
EP  - 31
AN  - 00132981-202004000-00001
DO  - 10.1097/01.Eem.0000660428.93049.03
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/em-news/Fulltext/2020/04000/What_to_D_O____I_m_Scared_of_the_Coronavirus_Too_.1.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Viral modernity? epidemics, infodemics, and the ‘bioinformational’ paradigm
AU  - Peters, Michael A.
AU  - Jandrić, Petar
AU  - McLaren, Peter
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Viral modernity is a concept based upon the nature of viruses, the ancient and critical role they play in evolution and culture, and the basic application to understanding the role of information a...
JO  - Educational Philosophy and Theory
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-23
SP  - 1
EP  - 23
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/00131857.2020.1744226
UR  - https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00131857.2020.1744226
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19 and diabetes mellitus: unveiling the interaction of two pandemics
AU  - Maddaloni, Ernesto
AU  - Buzzetti, Raffaella
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract A novel RNA betacoronavirus causing coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) has now been declared pandemic disease by WHO. Guo W et al published the first report of biochemical features in patients with diabetes and the further risk that this disease can determine to the progression of Covid-19. Among different cytokines found significantly higher in patients with diabetes compared to those without, Interleukin-6 (IL-6) which is already increased in conditions of chronic inflammation, may play a more deleterious role in Covid-19 infection. Targeting the over expression of Il-6 effects with a monoclonal antibody against IL-6 receptor or using Janus Kinase inhibitors may be particularly helpful for treatment of Covid-19 pneumonia in diabetes. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - e33213321-e33213321
SP  - e33213321
EP  - e33213321
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/dmrr.3321
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.3321
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Diabetes is a risk factor for the progression and prognosis of COVID-19
AU  - Guo, Weina
AU  - Li, Mingyue
AU  - Dong, Yalan
AU  - Zhou, Haifeng
AU  - Zhang, Zili
AU  - Tian, Chunxia
AU  - Qin, Renjie
AU  - Wang, Haijun
AU  - Shen, Yin
AU  - Du, Keye
AU  - Zhao, Lei
AU  - Fan, Heng
AU  - Luo, Shanshan
AU  - Hu, Desheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - ABSTRACT Aim To figure out whether diabetes is a risk factor influencing the progression and prognosis of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Materials and Methods A total of 174 consecutive patients confirmed with COVID-19 were studied. Demographic data, medical history, symptoms and signs, laboratory findings, chest computed tomography (CT) as well we treatment measures were collected and analyzed. Results We found that COVID-19 patients without other comorbidities but with diabetes (n=24) were at higher risk of severe pneumonia, release of tissue injury-related enzymes, excessive uncontrolled inflammation responses and hypercoagulable state associated with dysregulation of glucose metabolism. Furthermore, serum levels of inflammation related biomarkers such as IL-6, C-reactive protein, serum ferritine and coagulation index, D-dimer, were significantly higher (p<?0.01) in diabetic patients compared with those without, suggesting that patients with diabetes are more susceptible to an inflammatory storm eventually leading to rapid deterioration of COVID-19. Conclusions Our data support the notion that diabetes should be considered as a risk factor for a rapid progression and bad prognosis of COVID-19. More intensive attention should be paid to patients with diabetes, in case of rapid deterioration. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - e3319-e3319
SP  - e3319
EP  - e3319
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/dmrr.3319
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.3319
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The COVID-19 Outbreak and Rheumatologic Skin Diseases
AU  - Arora, Gulhima
AU  - Kassir, Martin
AU  - Jafferany, Mohammad
AU  - Galadari, Hassan
AU  - Lotti, Torello
AU  - Satolli, Francesca
AU  - Sadoughifar, Roxanna
AU  - Sitkowska, Zuzanna
AU  - Goldust, Mohamad
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Dermatologic Therapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - e13357-e13357
SP  - e13357
EP  - e13357
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/dth.13357
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/dth.13357
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Editorial: The explosive epidemic outbreak of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the persistent threat of respiratory tract infectious diseases to global health security
AU  - Zumla, Alimuddin
AU  - Niederman, Michael S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 26
IS  - 3
PG  - 193-196
SP  - 193
EP  - 196
AN  - 00063198-202005000-00002
DO  - 10.1097/mcp.0000000000000676
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/co-pulmonarymedicine/Fulltext/2020/05000/Editorial__The_explosive_epidemic_outbreak_of.2.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A model society: maths, models and expertise in viral outbreaks
AU  - Rhodes, Tim
AU  - Lancaster, Kari
AU  - Rosengarten, Marsha
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Viral outbreaks and public health emergencies obligate an urgent need for evidence to inform rapid responses. In the case of SARS-Cov-2, a novel virus linked to the fast-moving COVID-19 pandemic, mathematical models projecting disease outbreaks and the potential effects of interventions are playing a critical role. Modelled projections are not only evidence-making policy decisions, but are afforded power-of-acting in public understandings and in social life. We propose here that COVID-19 is coming to be known in maths and models. We trace this process not only in policy but in media stories of maths, mathematicians and models. We accentuate the social life of maths and models, which feed citizen science and social actions in relation to COVID-19. There are general lessons from the emergent evidence-making of COVID-19 for how we do science for public health.
JO  - Critical Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/09581596.2020.1748310
UR  - https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09581596.2020.1748310
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The possible impact of COVID-19 on colorectal surgery in Italy
AU  - Lisi, G.
AU  - Campanelli, M.
AU  - Spoletini, D.
AU  - Carlini, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 outbreak in Italy is stopping access to elective benign disease treatment and changing the approach to malignant disease as well as the outpatients care of those patients treated for colorectal cancer. The lack of knowledge about the possible implications of the spread of the infection during surgery could extend to infect surgeons, surgery nurses and also the anesthesiologists, the results will become evident in the long term. The surgical approach may change going towards less invasive procedures to minimize the aerosolized biological fluids, this approach could reduce the access to first level hospitals changing the entire health care system in the future.
JO  - Colorectal disease : the official journal of the Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/codi.15054
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus pandemic and Colorectal surgery: practical advice based on the Italian experience
AU  - Di Saverio, Salomone
AU  - Pata, Francesco
AU  - Gallo, Gaetano
AU  - Carrano, Francesco
AU  - Scorza, Antonella
AU  - Sileri, Pierpaolo
AU  - Smart, Neil
AU  - Spinelli, Antonino
AU  - Pellino, Gianluca
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Aim The current COVID-19 pandemic is challenging healthcare systems at a global level. We provide a practical strategy to reorganize pathways of emergency and elective colorectal surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method The authors, all from areas affected by the COVID-19 emergency, brainstormed remotely to define the key-points to be discussed. Tasks were assigned, concerning specific aspects of colorectal surgery during the pandemic, including the administrative management of the crisis in Italy. The recommendations (based on experience and on the limited evidence available) were collated and summarized. Results Little is known about the transmission of COVID-19, but it has shown a rapid spread. It is prudent to stop non-cancer procedures and prioritize urgent cancer treatment. Endoscopy and proctological procedures should be performed highly selectively. When dealing with colorectal emergencies, a conservative approach is advised. Specific procedures should be followed when operating on COVID-19-patients, using dedicated personal protective equipment and adhering to specific rules. Some policies are described, including minimally-invasive surgery. These policies outline the strict regulation of entry/ exit into theatres and operating building as well as advice on performing procedures safely to reduce risk spreading the virus. It is likely that a reorganization of health system is required, both at central and local levels. A description of the strategy adopted in Italy is provided. Conclusion Evidence on the management of patients needing surgery for colorectal conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic is currently lacking. Lessons learnt from healthcare professionals that have managed high volumes of surgical patients during the pandemic could be useful to mitigate some risks and reduce exposure to other patients, public and healthcare staff.
JO  - Colorectal Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/codi.15056
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/codi.15056
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Computed Tomographic Imaging of 3 Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pneumonia With Negative Virus Real-time Reverse-Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction Test
AU  - Xu, Junqing
AU  - Wu, Ruodai
AU  - Huang, Hua
AU  - Zheng, Weidong
AU  - Ren, Xinling
AU  - Wu, Nashan
AU  - Ji, Bin
AU  - Lv, Yungang
AU  - Liu, Yumeng
AU  - Mi, Rui
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We reported computed tomographic (CT) imaging findings of 3 patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia with initially negative results before CT examination and finally confirmed positive for the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) by real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction assay.
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa207
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa207/5814104
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Collaborated effort against SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in China
AU  - Yang, Qiwen
AU  - Zhou, Yang
AU  - Ai, Jingwen
AU  - Ma, Jinmin
AU  - Cao, Fenglin
AU  - Cao, Weifan
AU  - Zhang, Wengeng
AU  - Wang, Shifu
AU  - Chen, Weijun
AU  - Ma, Xiaoling
AU  - Zhang, Wenhong
AU  - Li, Weimin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract A previously unknown beta coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, was discovered from a cluster of patients with pneumonia of unknown cause in Wuhan since the end of 2019. Ever since the start of COVID-19, government administrations, academic institutions, and technology enterprises are under unprecedented cooperation in controlling this outbreak from pathogen identification, epidemic situation assessment, to outbreak containment. Timely identification, isolation, and whole-genome sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 have laid the foundation for effective control of this novel infection. With the increasing case numbers worldwide, more real-time information is emerging, changing our understandings to SARS-CoV-2 outbreak, and nonetheless refining the outbreak control responses. The efficient management of COVID-19 requires global collaboration and an efficient share of information.
JO  - Clinical and Translational Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/ctm2.7
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/ctm2.7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Can routine laboratory tests discriminate SARS-CoV-2 infected pneumonia from other causes of community acquired pneumonia?
AU  - Pan, Yunbao
AU  - Ye, Guangming
AU  - Zeng, Xiantao
AU  - Liu, Guohong
AU  - Zeng, Xiaojiao
AU  - Jiang, Xianghu
AU  - Zhao, Jin
AU  - Chen, Liangjun
AU  - Guo, Shuang
AU  - Deng, Qiaoling
AU  - Hong, Xiaoyue
AU  - Yang, Ying
AU  - Li, Yirong
AU  - Wang, Xinghuan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Background The clinical presentation of SARS-CoV-2 infected pneumonia (COVID-19) resembles that of other etiologies of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). We aimed to identify clinical laboratory features to distinguish COVID-19 from CAP. Methods We compared the hematological and biochemical features of 84 patients with COVID-19 at hospital admission and 221 patients with CAP. Parameters independently predictive of COVID-19 were calculated by multivariate logistic regression. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was measured to evaluate the discriminative ability. Results Most hematological and biochemical indexes of patients with COVID-19 were significantly different from patients with CAP. Nine laboratory parameters were identified to be predictive of a diagnosis of COVID-19. The AUCs demonstrated good discriminatory ability for red cell distribution width (RDW) with an AUC of 0.87, and Hemoglobin (HGB) with an AUC of 0.81. Red blood cell (RBC), albumin (ALB), eosinophil (EO), hematocrit (HCT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and mean platelet volume (MPV) had fair discriminatory ability. Combinations of any two parameters performed better than did the RDW alone. Conclusions Routine laboratory examinations may be helpful for the diagnosis of COVID-19. Application of laboratory tests may help to optimize the use of isolation rooms for patients when they present with unexplained febrile respiratory illnesses.
JO  - Clinical and Translational Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/ctm2.23
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/ctm2.23
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Acute lung injury in patients with COVID-19 infection
AU  - Li, Liyang
AU  - Huang, Qihong
AU  - Wang, Diane C.
AU  - Ingbar, David H.
AU  - Wang, Xiangdong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract During the 2020 Spring Festival in China, the outbreak of a novel coronavirus, named COVID-19 by WHO, brought on a worldwide panic. According to the clinical data of infected patients, radiologic evidence of lung edema is common and deserves clinical attention. Lung edema is a manifestation of acute lung injury (ALI) and may progress to hypoxemia and potentially acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Patients diagnosed with ARDS have poorer prognosis and potentially higher mortality. Although no effective treatment is formally approved for COVID-19 infection, support of ventilation with oxygen therapy and sometimes mechanical ventilation is often required. Treatment with systemic and/or local glucocorticoids might be helpful to alleviate the pulmonary inflammation and edema, which may decrease the development and/or consequences of ARDS. In this article, we focus on the lung edema and ALI of patients with this widely transmitted COVID-19 infection in order to provide clinical indications and potential therapeutic targets for clinicians and researchers.
JO  - Clinical and Translational Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/ctm2.16
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/ctm2.16
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): we shall overcome
AU  - Bandyopadhyay, Santanu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s10098-020-01843-w
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10098-020-01843-w
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Research strategy of drugs against 2019-novel coronavirus based on supramolecular “qi chromatography” theory of TCM
AU  - He, F. Y.
AU  - Deng, K. W.
AU  - Pan, X.
AU  - Zhou, Y. Q.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - At present, the 2019-novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) is rampant all over the country, and controlling the spread of its epidemic has become a top priority. It is very difficult to control the epidemic spreading because there is no specific drug to fight against it. Therefore, it is urgent task for us to develop a specific drug as soon as possible, and attracting worldwide attention. The studies on anti-2019-nCoV drugs were generally carried out in three modes, as vaccine, chemical drugs and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Because the developing on vaccines and chemicals takes too long, it is hard to solve the urgent problem. Moreover, the RNA of coronavirus has been recombined so quickly that the vaccines and drugs studied with great efforts not only may miss the epidemic time, but also cannot be used in the next generation of new coronavirus treatment, as a result that the work of epidemic prevention is formidable. However, the prescriptions from traditional Chinese medicine theory can cure the epidemic disease, but how to develop it into a specific drug with clear chemical composition and clear pharmacologic mechanism, is also an urgent problem to be solved. In this paper, the new coronavirus and its drug development are reviewed, while the advantages and disadvantages are analyzed, and the drug dilemma research phenomenon is clarified by using the supramolecular “qi chromatography” theory. It is suggested that the strategy of anti-coronavirus drug developing should be put forward based on the impact of “qi chromatography” of biological supramolecular “imprinting template”, in order to develop new drugs against 2019-nCoV to control the spread of the epidemic as quick as we can, and establish a new research and development model of anti-coronavirus drug on integration of traditional Chinese and Western medicine, turning passive into active.
JO  - Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
PG  - 557-562
SP  - 557
EP  - 562
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2020.03.001
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005422816 http://dx.doi.org/10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2020.03.001
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A dynamic immune response shapes COVID-19 progression
AU  - al, Ong et
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The inflammatory response to SARS-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is thought to underpin COVID-19 pathogenesis. We conducted daily transcriptomic profiling of three COVID-19 cases and found that the early immune response in COVID-19 patients is highly dynamic. Patient throat swabs were tested daily for SARS-CoV-2 with the virus persisting for 3-4 weeks in all three patients. Cytokine analyses of whole blood revealed increased cytokine expression in the single more severe case. However, most inflammatory gene expression peaked after respiratory function nadir, except those in the IL1 pathway. Parallel analyses of CD4 and CD8 expression suggested that the pro-inflammatory response may be intertwined with T-cell activation that could exacerbate disease or prolong the infection. Collectively, these findings hint at the possibility that IL1 and related pro-inflammatory pathways may be prognostic and serve as therapeutic targets for COVID-19. This work may also guide future studies to illuminate COVID-19 pathogenesis and develop host-directed therapies.
JO  - Cell Host & Microbe
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.chom.2020.03.021
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - From conference centre to hospital
AU  - Moberly, Tom
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Andrew Parsons /10 Downing Street/Anadolu Agency /Getty Images Teams begin work setting up the Nightingale Hospital London at the Excel conference centre in east London on 27 March 2020. Military personnel were involved in the planning stages of the project to establish the hospital and are …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1298-m1298
SP  - m1298
EP  - m1298
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1298
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1298
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: healthcare staff in hotspot areas are prioritised as testing expands
AU  - Iacobucci, Gareth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Medical leaders have welcomed the government’s “belated” decision to expand covid-19 testing capacity but said it has taken too long to commence and is still far too limited. On 27 March the government announced it was opening three new laboratories in England to focus on processing covid-19 testing samples from healthcare staff. Staff in the worst affected parts of the country, such as London, are being prioritised, especially in areas of highest impact, such as intensive care, with all health and care staff following as capacity increases. The first laboratory opened this weekend and processed around 800 tests over the two day period of 28-29 March. The government aims to increase this to around …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1318-m1318
SP  - m1318
EP  - m1318
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1318
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1318
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: Doctors still at “considerable risk” from lack of PPE, BMA warns
AU  - Iacobucci, Gareth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The BMA has warned that doctors are still being placed at “considerable risk” by shortages of personal protective equipment, despite government assurances that enough supplies are being delivered. On 30 March the association said it was seeking urgent clarity from the government on what risks staff in hospitals and GP surgeries should and should not have to take if they didn’t have adequate PPE. The move follows a warning last week that the shortage of PPE was unacceptable and was putting doctors’ lives at risk.1 The warning was in response to the secretary of state for housing, communities, and local government, Robert Jenrick, saying at the government’s daily briefing on 29 …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1316-m1316
SP  - m1316
EP  - m1316
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1316
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1316
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: Contact tracing requires ending the hostile environment
AU  - Dropkin, Greg
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - For contact tracing to be viable, all sections of the community must be willing to be contacted by the NHS or public health staff.1 The community includes “overseas visitors” on the receiving end of the government’s …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1320-m1320
SP  - m1320
EP  - m1320
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1320
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1320
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical characteristics of 113 deceased patients with coronavirus disease 2019: retrospective study
AU  - Chen, Tao
AU  - Wu, Di
AU  - Chen, Huilong
AU  - Yan, Weiming
AU  - Yang, Danlei
AU  - Chen, Guang
AU  - Ma, Ke
AU  - Xu, Dong
AU  - Yu, Haijing
AU  - Wang, Hongwu
AU  - Wang, Tao
AU  - Guo, Wei
AU  - Chen, Jia
AU  - Ding, Chen
AU  - Zhang, Xiaoping
AU  - Huang, Jiaquan
AU  - Han, Meifang
AU  - Li, Shusheng
AU  - Luo, Xiaoping
AU  - Zhao, Jianping
AU  - Ning, Qin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To delineate the clinical characteristics of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) who died. Design Retrospective case series. Setting Tongji Hospital in Wuhan, China. Participants Among a cohort of 799 patients, 113 who died and 161 who recovered with a diagnosis of covid-19 were analysed. Data were collected until 28 February 2020. Main outcome measures Clinical characteristics and laboratory findings were obtained from electronic medical records with data collection forms. Results The median age of deceased patients (68 years) was significantly older than recovered patients (51 years). Male sex was more predominant in deceased patients (83; 73%) than in recovered patients (88; 55%). Chronic hypertension and other cardiovascular comorbidities were more frequent among deceased patients (54 (48%) and 16 (14%)) than recovered patients (39 (24%) and 7 (4%)). Dyspnoea, chest tightness, and disorder of consciousness were more common in deceased patients (70 (62%), 55 (49%), and 25 (22%)) than in recovered patients (50 (31%), 48 (30%), and 1 (1%)). The median time from disease onset to death in deceased patients was 16 (interquartile range 12.0-20.0) days. Leukocytosis was present in 56 (50%) patients who died and 6 (4%) who recovered, and lymphopenia was present in 103 (91%) and 76 (47%) respectively. Concentrations of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatinine, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, cardiac troponin I, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide, and D-dimer were markedly higher in deceased patients than in recovered patients. Common complications observed more frequently in deceased patients included acute respiratory distress syndrome (113; 100%), type I respiratory failure (18/35; 51%), sepsis (113; 100%), acute cardiac injury (72/94; 77%), heart failure (41/83; 49%), alkalosis (14/35; 40%), hyperkalaemia (42; 37%), acute kidney injury (28; 25%), and hypoxic encephalopathy (23; 20%). Patients with cardiovascular comorbidity were more likely to develop cardiac complications. Regardless of history of cardiovascular disease, acute cardiac injury and heart failure were more common in deceased patients. Conclusion Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection can cause both pulmonary and systemic inflammation, leading to multi-organ dysfunction in patients at high risk. Acute respiratory distress syndrome and respiratory failure, sepsis, acute cardiac injury, and heart failure were the most common critical complications during exacerbation of covid-19.
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 1091
IS  - March
PG  - m1091-m1091
SP  - m1091
EP  - m1091
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1091
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1295 http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.1136/bmj.m1091%0Ahttp://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1091
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Surgical Ethics During a Pandemic: Moving into the Unknown?
AU  - Ives, Jonathan
AU  - Huxtable, Richard
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BJS (British Journal of Surgery)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/bjs.11638
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/bjs.11638
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mobile field hospitals, an effective way of dealing with COVID-19 in China: sharing our experience
AU  - Chen, Zhi
AU  - He, Shan
AU  - Li, Fan
AU  - Yin, Junxiang
AU  - Chen, Xiaoliang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - During the COVID-19 outbreak, China made great progress in controlling the epidemic, and the number of confirmed and suspected cases continues to decrease thanks to the various efforts employed. Mobile field hospitals have played a huge role in the centralized management of patients and they have effectively reduced transmission. This article describes some of our experiences operating mobile field hospitals in order to provide a reference and to better inform countries that are dealing with this crisis.
JO  - BioScience Trends
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.5582/bst.2020.01110
UR  - https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/bst/advpub/0/advpub_2020.01110/_article
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Introducing the 21st Century's New Four Horsemen of the Coronapocalypse
AU  - Cheong, Kang Hao
AU  - Jones, Michael C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - e2000063-e2000063
SP  - e2000063
EP  - e2000063
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/bies.202000063
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Quick community survey on the impact of COVID-19 outbreak for the healthcare of people living with HIV]
AU  - Guo, W.
AU  - Weng, H. L.
AU  - Bai, H.
AU  - Liu, J.
AU  - Wei, X. N.
AU  - Zhou, K.
AU  - Sande, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To collect the current status and healthcare needs of people living with HIV (PLHIV) in China during the COVID-19 outbreak to inform quick response from government and communities. Methods: During February 5(th) to 10(th) , 2020, a national anonymous survey was conducted using an online questionnaire among PLHIV at least 18 years of age and had started antiretroviral treatment (ART) to collect the information on COVID-19 prevention, HIV-related health services and the needs on psychosocial support. Current status and needs of people living with HIV were analyzed in Hubei and other regions. Results: A total of 1 014 valid questionnaires were collected, with PLHIV respondents cross the country. The survey revealed that 93.79% of the respondents could obtain information regarding the prevention of COVID-19 from their communities or villages. Respondents were concerned with HIV-specific protective measures and personal protective equipment shortage. 32.64% of all respondents were not carrying sufficient antiretroviral medicines (ARVs) to meet the needs under traffic and travel restrictions, and some could face stock-outs in the coming month. In Hubei province where 53 respondents needed ARV refill, 64.15% reported difficulty accessing ARV due to the "blockage". 28.93% respondents were in need of sociopsychological support, and 85.31% anticipated further improvement of the out-of-town ARV refill process from the government. Conclusion: PLHIV wants to know HIV-specific protective measures against COVID-19 outbreak. PLHIV who returned to their home-towns and affected by the lock-downs reported challenges with refills. We should undertake a more systematic study on impacts of the COVID-19 on PLHIV to develop preparedness capacity for future public health emergency.
JO  - Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi = Zhonghua liuxingbingxue zazhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 5
PG  - 663-667
SP  - 663
EP  - 667
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200314-00345
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Epidemiology and clinical features of highly pathogenic human coronavirus infection in children]
AU  - Long, X. R.
AU  - Zhu, J.
AU  - Zhao, R. Q.
AU  - Xu, H. M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zhonghua er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of pediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 58
IS  - 5
PG  - E014-E014
SP  - E014
EP  - E014
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20200302-00167
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Inefficiency of Sera from Mice Treated with Pseudotyped SARS-CoV to Neutralize 2019-nCoV Infection
AU  - Liu, Zezhong
AU  - Xia, Shuai
AU  - Wang, Xinling
AU  - Lan, Qiaoshuai
AU  - Xu, Wei
AU  - Wang, Qian
AU  - Jiang, Shibo
AU  - Lu, Lu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Virologica Sinica
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12250-020-00214-5
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12250-020-00214-5
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Veterinary oncologists adapting to COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Marconato, Laura
AU  - Finotello, Riccardo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Veterinary and comparative oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/vco.12593
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32227663
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - ISUOG Consensus Statement on organization of routine and specialist obstetric ultrasound services in the context of COVID-19
AU  - Abu-Rustum, R.   S.
AU  - Akolekar, R.
AU  - Sotiriadis, A.
AU  - Salomon, L.   J.
AU  - Da Silva Costa, F.
AU  - Wu, Q.
AU  - Frusca, T.
AU  - Bilardo, C.   M.
AU  - Prefumo, F.
AU  - Poon, L.   C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/uog.22029
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.22029
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Dealing with COVID-19: initial perspectives of a small radiology department
AU  - Kok, Shawn Shi Xian
AU  - Mohamed Shah, Mohammad Taufik Bin
AU  - Cheong, Wei Kiong
AU  - Cheng, Arthur Kim Chai
AU  - Sng, Li Hoon
AU  - Salkade, Parag Ratnakar
AU  - Wong, Steven Bak Siew
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Singapore medical journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.11622/smedj.2020043
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - At the ‘heart’ of the COVID-19 outbreak: early cardiac implications and mitigating strategies
AU  - Cherian, Robin
AU  - Poh, Kian Keong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Singapore medical journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.11622/smedj.2020042
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - An investigation of transmission control measures during the first 50 days of the COVID-19 epidemic in China
AU  - Tian, Huaiyu
AU  - Liu, Yonghong
AU  - Li, Yidan
AU  - Wu, Chieh-Hsi
AU  - Chen, Bin
AU  - Kraemer, Moritz U. G.
AU  - Li, Bingying
AU  - Cai, Jun
AU  - Xu, Bo
AU  - Yang, Qiqi
AU  - Wang, Ben
AU  - Yang, Peng
AU  - Cui, Yujun
AU  - Song, Yimeng
AU  - Zheng, Pai
AU  - Wang, Quanyi
AU  - Bjornstad, Ottar N.
AU  - Yang, Ruifu
AU  - Grenfell, Bryan T.
AU  - Pybus, Oliver G.
AU  - Dye, Christopher
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Responding to an outbreak of a novel coronavirus (agent of COVID-19) in December 2019, China banned travel to and from Wuhan city on 23 January and implemented a national emergency response. We investigated the spread and control of COVID-19 using a unique data set including case reports, human movement and public health interventions. The Wuhan shutdown was associated with the delayed arrival of COVID-19 in other cities by 2.91 days (95%CI: 2.54-3.29). Cities that implemented control measures pre-emptively reported fewer cases, on average, in the first week of their outbreaks (13.0; 7.1-18.8) compared with cities that started control later (20.6; 14.5-26.8). Suspending intra-city public transport, closing entertainment venues and banning public gatherings were associated with reductions in case incidence. The national emergency response appears to have delayed the growth and limited the size of the COVID-19 epidemic in China, averting hundreds of thousands of cases by 19 February (day 50).
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - eabb6105
SP  - eabb6105
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb6105
UR  - https://science.sciencemag.org/content/sci/early/2020/03/30/science.abb6105.full.pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Should pets be tested for coronavirus?
AU  - Grimm, David
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Last Thursday, the first cat tested positive for the new coronavirus. The feline had diarrhea, vomiting, and difficulty breathing, and it had come down with COVID-19 about 1 week after its owner did, Belgian health officials announced. The same day, Hong Kong’s Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department reported that a 17-year-old Pomeranian—which had initially tested “weak positive” for SARS-CoV-2—had indeed been infected by the virus, likely by its owner or another human.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abc0029
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/03/should-pets-be-tested-coronavirus#
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Quantifying SARS-CoV-2 transmission suggests epidemic control with digital contact tracing
AU  - Ferretti, Luca
AU  - Wymant, Chris
AU  - Kendall, Michelle
AU  - Zhao, Lele
AU  - Nurtay, Anel
AU  - Abeler-Dörner, Lucie
AU  - Parker, Michael
AU  - Bonsall, David
AU  - Fraser, Christophe
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The newly emergent human virus SARS-CoV-2 is resulting in high fatality rates and incapacitated health systems. Preventing further transmission is a priority. We analyzed key parameters of epidemic spread to estimate the contribution of different transmission routes and determine requirements for case isolation and contact-tracing needed to stop the epidemic. We conclude that viral spread is too fast to be contained by manual contact tracing, but could be controlled if this process was faster, more efficient and happened at scale. A contact-tracing App which builds a memory of proximity contacts and immediately notifies contacts of positive cases can achieve epidemic control if used by enough people. By targeting recommendations to only those at risk, epidemics could be contained without need for mass quarantines (‘lock-downs’) that are harmful to society. We discuss the ethical requirements for an intervention of this kind.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - eabb6936
SP  - eabb6936
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb6936
UR  - https://science.sciencemag.org/content/sci/early/2020/03/30/science.abb6936.full.pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Can you put a price on COVID-19 options? Experts weigh lives versus economics
AU  - Cornwall, Warren
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Economist Sergio Rebelo has spent the past 2 weeks holed up in his Chicago home, working feverishly to crack the economics of the coronavirus. Armed with a hybrid model that combines how viruses spread with how people work and consume, the Northwestern University researcher is one of a number of macroeconomists now trying to shed light on the balance between the economic impact of locking down major parts of the economy and the economic damage wrought by the disease itself. “When you think about the optimal policy, you really want to see the effect between the economy and epidemiology,” Rebelo says.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb9969
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/03/modelers-weigh-value-lives-and-lockdown-costs-put-price-covid-19#
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Study of Basic Needs and Psychological Wellbeing of Medical Workers in the Fever Clinic of a Tertiary General Hospital in Beijing during the COVID-19 Outbreak
AU  - Cao, Jinya
AU  - Wei, Jing
AU  - Zhu, Huadong
AU  - Duan, Yanping
AU  - Geng, Wenqi
AU  - Hong, Xia
AU  - Jiang, Jing
AU  - Zhao, Xiaohui
AU  - Zhu, Boheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Psychotherapy and psychosomatics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1159/000507453
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32224612
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Forecasting the novel coronavirus COVID-19
AU  - Petropoulos, Fotios
AU  - Makridakis, Spyros
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - What will be the global impact of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19)? Answering this question requires accurate forecasting the spread of confirmed cases as well as analysis of the number of deaths and recoveries. Forecasting, however, requires ample historical data. At the same time, no prediction is certain as the future rarely repeats itself in the same way as the past. Moreover, forecasts are influenced by the reliability of the data, vested interests, and what variables are being predicted. Also, psychological factors play a significant role in how people perceive and react to the danger from the disease and the fear that it may affect them personally. This paper introduces an objective approach to predicting the continuation of the COVID-19 using a simple, but powerful method to do so. Assuming that the data used is reliable and that the future will continue to follow the past pattern of the disease, our forecasts suggest a continuing increase in the confirmed COVID-19 cases with sizable associated uncertainty. The risks are far from symmetric as underestimating its spread like a pandemic and not doing enough to contain it is much more severe than overspending and being over careful when it will not be needed. This paper describes the timeline of a live forecasting exercise with massive potential implications for planning and decision making and provides objective forecasts for the confirmed cases of COVID-19.
JO  - PLOS ONE
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 15
IS  - 3
PG  - e0231236-e0231236
SP  - e0231236
EP  - e0231236
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1371/journal.pone.0231236
UR  - https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0231236
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Data-based analysis, modelling and forecasting of the COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Anastassopoulou, Cleo
AU  - Russo, Lucia
AU  - Tsakris, Athanasios
AU  - Siettos, Constantinos
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since the first suspected case of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) on December 1st, 2019, in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, a total of 40,235 confirmed cases and 909 deaths have been reported in China up to February 10, 2020, evoking fear locally and internationally. Here, based on the publicly available epidemiological data for Hubei, China from January 11 to February 10, 2020, we provide estimates of the main epidemiological parameters. In particular, we provide an estimation of the case fatality and case recovery ratios, along with their 90% confidence intervals as the outbreak evolves. On the basis of a Susceptible-Infectious-Recovered-Dead (SIDR) model, we provide estimations of the basic reproduction number (R0), and the per day infection mortality and recovery rates. By calibrating the parameters of the SIRD model to the reported data, we also attempt to forecast the evolution of the outbreak at the epicenter three weeks ahead, i.e. until February 29. As the number of infected individuals, especially of those with asymptomatic or mild courses, is suspected to be much higher than the official numbers, which can be considered only as a subset of the actual numbers of infected and recovered cases in the total population, we have repeated the calculations under a second scenario that considers twenty times the number of confirmed infected cases and forty times the number of recovered, leaving the number of deaths unchanged. Based on the reported data, the expected value of R0 as computed considering the period from the 11th of January until the 18th of January, using the official counts of confirmed cases was found to be ∼4.6, while the one computed under the second scenario was found to be ∼3.2. Thus, based on the SIRD simulations, the estimated average value of R0 was found to be ∼2.6 based on confirmed cases and ∼2 based on the second scenario. Our forecasting flashes a note of caution for the presently unfolding outbreak in China. Based on the official counts for confirmed cases, the simulations suggest that the cumulative number of infected could reach 180,000 (with a lower bound of 45,000) by February 29. Regarding the number of deaths, simulations forecast that on the basis of the up to the 10th of February reported data, the death toll might exceed 2,700 (as a lower bound) by February 29. Our analysis further reveals a significant decline of the case fatality ratio from January 26 to which various factors may have contributed, such as the severe control measures taken in Hubei, China (e.g. quarantine and hospitalization of infected individuals), but mainly because of the fact that the actual cumulative numbers of infected and recovered cases in the population most likely are much higher than the reported ones. Thus, in a scenario where we have taken twenty times the confirmed number of infected and forty times the confirmed number of recovered cases, the case fatality ratio is around ∼0.15% in the total population. Importantly, based on this scenario, simulations suggest a slow down of the outbreak in Hubei at the end of February.
JO  - PLOS ONE
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 15
IS  - 3
PG  - e0230405-e0230405
SP  - e0230405
EP  - e0230405
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1371/journal.pone.0230405
UR  - https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0230405
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Patient Handout: Managing the Stress of the Covid-19 Pandemic The Spread of COVID-19: Questions Raised, Some Answered by Neuroinfectious Disease Experts
AU  - Fitzgerald, Susan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Oncology Times
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 42
IS  - 7
PG  - 9
SP  - 9
EP  - 
AN  - 00130989-202004050-00006
DO  - 10.1097/01.Cot.0000660220.29383.61 10.1097/01.NT.0000660828.03993.9c
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/oncology-times/Fulltext/2020/04050/Patient_Handout__Managing_the_Stress_of_the.6.aspx https://journals.lww.com/neurotodayonline/Fulltext/2020/04020/The_Spread_of_COVID_19__Questions_Raised,_Some.1.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Related School Closings and Risk of Weight Gain Among Children
AU  - Rundle, Andrew G.
AU  - Park, Yoosun
AU  - Herbstman, Julie B.
AU  - Kinsey, Eliza W.
AU  - Wang, Y. Claire
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 pandemic is causing substantial morbidity and mortality, straining health care systems, shutting down economies, and closing school districts. While it is a priority to mitigate its immediate impact, we want to call attention to the pandemic's longer-term effect on children's health: COVID-19, via these school closures, may exacerbate the epidemic of childhood obesity and increase disparities in obesity risk. In many areas of the U.S., the COVID-19 pandemic has closed schools and some of these school systems are not expected to re-open this school year. The experiences in Hong Kong, Taiwan and Singapore suggest that social distancing orders, if lifted after short periods, will have to be periodically re-instated to control COVID-19 flare ups. In short, we anticipate that the COVID-19 pandemic will likely double out-of-school time this year for many children in the U.S. and will exacerbate the risk factors for weight gain associated with summer recess.
JO  - Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/oby.22813
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Inhibitors in Patients with Covid-19
AU  - Vaduganathan, Muthiah
AU  - Vardeny, Orly
AU  - Michel, Thomas
AU  - McMurray, John J. V.
AU  - Pfeffer, Marc A.
AU  - Solomon, Scott D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The New England journal of medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMsr2005760
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Developing Covid-19 Vaccines at Pandemic Speed
AU  - Lurie, Nicole
AU  - Saville, Melanie
AU  - Hatchett, Richard
AU  - Halton, Jane
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The New England journal of medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMp2005630
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Paying for Medicaid — State Budgets and the Case for Expansion in the Time of Coronavirus
AU  - Gruber, Jonathan
AU  - Sommers, Benjamin D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Paying for Medicaid In the face of the Covid-19 pandemic, expanding Medicaid would rapidly bring needed resources into the health care system and infuse federal dollars into state economies. It req...
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - NEJMp2007124-NEJMp2007124
SP  - NEJMp2007124
EP  - NEJMp2007124
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMp2007124
UR  - http://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMp2007124
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Feeding Low-Income Children during the Covid-19 Pandemic
AU  - Dunn, Caroline G.
AU  - Kenney, Erica
AU  - Fleischhacker, Sheila E.
AU  - Bleich, Sara N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The New England journal of medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMp2005638
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19 in Critically Ill Patients in the Seattle Region - Case Series
AU  - Bhatraju, Pavan K.
AU  - Ghassemieh, Bijan J.
AU  - Nichols, Michelle
AU  - Kim, Richard
AU  - Jerome, Keith R.
AU  - Nalla, Arun K.
AU  - Greninger, Alexander L.
AU  - Pipavath, Sudhakar
AU  - Wurfel, Mark M.
AU  - Evans, Laura
AU  - Kritek, Patricia M.
AU  - West, T. Eoin
AU  - Luks, Andrew
AU  - Gerbino, Anthony
AU  - Dale, Chris R.
AU  - Goldman, Jason D.
AU  - O'Mahony, Shane
AU  - Mikacenic, Carmen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Community transmission of coronavirus 2019 (Covid-19) was detected in the state of Washington in February 2020. METHODS: We identified patients from nine Seattle-area hospitals who were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with confirmed infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Clinical data were obtained through review of medical records. The data reported here are those available through March 23, 2020. Each patient had at least 14 days of follow-up. RESULTS: We identified 24 patients with confirmed Covid-19. The mean (±SD) age of the patients was 64±18 years, 63% were men, and symptoms began 7±4 days before admission. The most common symptoms were cough and shortness of breath; 50% of patients had fever on admission, and 58% had diabetes mellitus. All the patients were admitted for hypoxemic respiratory failure; 75% (18 patients) needed mechanical ventilation. Most of the patients (17) also had hypotension and needed vasopressors. No patient tested positive for influenza A, influenza B, or other respiratory viruses. Half the patients (12) died between ICU day 1 and day 18, including 4 patients who had a do-not-resuscitate order on admission. Of the 12 surviving patients, 5 were discharged home, 4 were discharged from the ICU but remained in the hospital, and 3 continued to receive mechanical ventilation in the ICU. CONCLUSIONS: During the first 3 weeks of the Covid-19 outbreak in the Seattle area, the most common reasons for admission to the ICU were hypoxemic respiratory failure leading to mechanical ventilation, hypotension requiring vasopressor treatment, or both. Mortality among these critically ill patients was high. (Funded by the National Institutes of Health.).
JO  - The New England journal of medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMoa2004500
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus lockdowns have changed the way Earth moves
AU  - Gibney, Elizabeth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A reduction in seismic noise because of changes in human activity is a boon for geoscientists.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00965-x
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00965-x
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How the coronavirus pandemic is affecting the world's biggest physics experiments
AU  - Castelvecchi, Davide
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Many major facilities have essentially shut down, but some are soldiering on.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00943-3
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00943-3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preliminary Estimates of the Prevalence of Selected Underlying Health Conditions Among Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 — United States, February 12–March 28, 2020
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As of March 28, 2020, U.S. states and territories have reported 122,653 U.S. COVID-19 cases to CDC, including 7,162 (5.8%) for whom data on underlying health conditions and other known risk factors for severe outcomes from respiratory infections were reported. Among these 7,162 cases, 2,692 (37.6%) patients had one or more underlying health condition or risk factor, and 4,470 (62.4%) had none of these conditions reported. The percentage of COVID-19 patients with at least one underlying health condition or risk factor was higher among those requiring intensive care unit (ICU) admission (358 of 457, 78%) and those requiring hospitalization without ICU admission (732 of 1,037, 71%) than that among those who were not hospitalized (1,388 of 5,143, 27%). The most commonly reported conditions were diabetes mellitus, chronic lung disease, and cardiovascular disease. These preliminary findings suggest that in the United States, persons with underlying health conditions or other recognized risk factors for severe outcomes from respiratory infections appear to be at a higher risk for severe disease from COVID-19 than are persons without these conditions.
JO  - MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6913e2
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pathways for urology patients during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Simonato, Alchiede
AU  - Giannarini, Gianluca
AU  - Abrate, Alberto
AU  - Bartoletti, Riccardo
AU  - Crestani, Alessandro
AU  - De Nunzio, Cosimo
AU  - Gregori, Andrea
AU  - Liguori, Giovanni
AU  - Novara, Giacomo
AU  - Pavan, Nicola
AU  - Trombetta, Carlo
AU  - Tubaro, Andrea
AU  - Porpiglia, Francesco
AU  - Ficarra, Vincenzo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The public health emergency caused by the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in a significant reallocation of health resources with a consequent reorganization of the clinical activities also in several urological centers. A panel of Italian urologists has agreed on a set of recommendations on pathways of pre-, intra- and post-operative care for urological patients undergoing urgent procedures or non-deferrable oncological interventions during the COVID-19 pandemic. Simplification of the diagnostic and staging pathway has to be prioritized in order to reduce hospital visits and consequently the risk of contagion. In absence of strict uniform regulations that impose the implementation of nasopharyngeal swabs, we recommend that an accurate triage for possible COVID-19 symptoms be performed both by telephone at home before hospitalization and at the time of hospitalization. We recommend that during hospital stay patients should be provided with as many instructions as possible to facilitate their return to, and stay at, home. Patients should be discharged under stable good conditions in order to minimize the risk of readmission. It is advisable to reduce or reschedule post-discharge controls and implement an adequate system of communication for telemonitoring discharged patients in order to reduce hospital visits.
JO  - Minerva urologica e nefrologica = The Italian journal of urology and nephrology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.23736/S0393-2249.20.03861-8
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Shell disorder analysis predicts greater resilience of the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) outside the body and in body fluids
AU  - Goh, Gerard Kian-Meng
AU  - Dunker, A. Keith
AU  - Foster, James A.
AU  - Uversky, Vladimir N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The coronavirus (CoV) family consists of viruses that infects a variety of animals including humans with various levels of respiratory and fecal-oral transmission levels depending on the behavior of the viruses' natural hosts and optimal viral fitness. A model to classify and predict the levels of respective respiratory and fecal-oral transmission potentials of the various viruses was built before the outbreak of MERS-CoV using AI and empirically-based molecular tools to predict the disorder level of proteins. Using the percentages of intrinsic disorder (PID) of the nucleocapsid (N) and membrane (M) proteins of CoV, the model easily clustered the viruses into three groups with the SARS-CoV (M PID=8%, N PID = 50%) falling into Category B, in which viruses have intermediate levels of both respiratory and fecal-oral transmission potentials. Later, MERS-CoV (M PID=9%, N PID =44%) was found to be in Category C, which consists of viruses with lower respiratory transmission potential but with higher fecal-oral transmission capabilities. Based on the peculiarities of disorder distribution, the SARS-CoV-2 (M PID = 6%, N PID=48%) has to be placed in Category B. Our data show however, that the SARS-CoV-2 is very strange with one of the hardest protective outer shell, (M PID=6%) among coronaviruses. This means that it might be expected to be highly resilient in saliva or other body fluids and outside the body. An infected body is likelier to shed greater numbers viral particles since the latter is more resistant to antimicrobial enzymes in body fluids. These particles are also likelier to remain active longer. These factors could account for the greater contagiousness of the SARS-CoV-2 and have implications for efforts to prevent its spread.
JO  - Microbial Pathogenesis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 104177-104177
SP  - 104177
EP  - 104177
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104177
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0882401020304642
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - When infection prevention enters the temple: Intergenerational social distancing and COVID-19
AU  - Hartley, David M.
AU  - Reisinger, Heather Schacht
AU  - Perencevich, Eli N.
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/ice.2020.100
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/when-infection-prevention-enters-the-temple-intergenerational-social-distancing-and-covid19/16240E5B9B830AB099637634457FC9C2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: lessons from the Italian reproductive medical experience
AU  - La Marca, A.
AU  - Niederberger, C.
AU  - Pellicer, A.
AU  - Nelson, S. M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Fertility and Sterility
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2020.03.021
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005398226 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2020.03.021
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Editorial - Novel Coronavirus 2019 (SARS-CoV2): A global emergency that needs new approaches?
AU  - Perrella, A.
AU  - Carannante, N.
AU  - Berretta, M.
AU  - Rinaldi, M.
AU  - Maturo, N.
AU  - Rinaldi, L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 24
IS  - 4
PG  - 2162-2164
SP  - 2162
EP  - 2164
AN  - 
DO  - 10.26355/eurrev_202002_20396
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005230766 http://dx.doi.org/10.26355/eurrev_202002_20396
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Facing in real time the challenges of the Covid-19 epidemic for rehabilitation
AU  - Negrini, Stefano
AU  - Ferriero, Giorgio
AU  - Kiekens, Carlotte
AU  - Boldrini, Paolo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.23736/S1973-9087.20.06286-3
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: response plan for International Medical Assistance companies
AU  - Duchateau, François-Xavier
AU  - Ramin, Geoffrey
AU  - Lepetit, Anne
PY  - 9000
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Journal of Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Publish Ahead of Print
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00063110-900000000-99113
DO  - 10.1097/mej.0000000000000704
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/euro-emergencymed/Fulltext/publishahead/COVID_19__response_plan_for_International_Medical.99113.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recommendations from the Peking Union Medical College Hospital for the management of acute myocardial infarction during the COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Jing, Zhi-Cheng
AU  - Zhu, Hua-Dong
AU  - Yan, Xiao-Wei
AU  - Chai, Wen-Zhao
AU  - Zhang, Shuyang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Heart Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa258
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/advance-article/doi/10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa258/5813956
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Initial COVID-19 affecting cardiac patients in China
AU  - Han, Yaling
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Heart Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa257
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/advance-article/doi/10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa257/5813955
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Rush to Judgment? Rapid Reporting and Dissemination of Results and Its Consequences Regarding the Use of Hydroxychloroquine for COVID-19
AU  - Kim, Alfred H. J.
AU  - Sparks, Jeffrey A.
AU  - Liew, Jean W.
AU  - Putman, Michael S.
AU  - Berenbaum, Francis
AU  - Duarte-García, Alí
AU  - Graef, Elizabeth R.
AU  - Korsten, Peter
AU  - Sattui, Sebastian E.
AU  - Sirotich, Emily
AU  - Ugarte-Gil, Manuel F.
AU  - Webb, Kate
AU  - Grainger, Rebecca
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of internal medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7326/M20-1223
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2-Positive Sputum and Feces After Conversion of Pharyngeal Samples in Patients With COVID-19
AU  - Chen, Chen
AU  - Gao, Guiju
AU  - Xu, Yanli
AU  - Pu, Lin
AU  - Wang, Qi
AU  - Wang, Liming
AU  - Wang, Wenling
AU  - Song, Yangzi
AU  - Chen, Meiling
AU  - Wang, Linghang
AU  - Yu, Fengting
AU  - Yang, Siyuan
AU  - Tang, Yunxia
AU  - Zhao, Li
AU  - Wang, Huijuan
AU  - Wang, Yajie
AU  - Zeng, Hui
AU  - Zhang, Fujie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of internal medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7326/M20-0991
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Annals On Call - Protecting Health Care Workers From COVID-19
AU  - Centor, Robert M.
AU  - Marrazzo, Jeanne
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of internal medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7326/A20-0002
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Age-related rhesus macaque models of COVID-19
AU  - Yu, Pin
AU  - Qi, Feifei
AU  - Xu, Yanfeng
AU  - Li, Fengdi
AU  - Liu, Peipei
AU  - Liu, Jiayi
AU  - Bao, Linlin
AU  - Deng, Wei
AU  - Gao, Hong
AU  - Xiang, Zhiguang
AU  - Xiao, Chong
AU  - Lv, Qi
AU  - Gong, Shuran
AU  - Liu, Jiangning
AU  - Song, Zhiqi
AU  - Qu, Yajin
AU  - Xue, Jing
AU  - Wei, Qiang
AU  - Liu, Mingya
AU  - Wang, Guanpeng
AU  - Wang, Shunyi
AU  - Yu, Haisheng
AU  - Liu, Xing
AU  - Huang, Baoying
AU  - Wang, Wenling
AU  - Zhao, Li
AU  - Wang, Huijuan
AU  - Ye, Fei
AU  - Zhou, Weimin
AU  - Zhen, Wei
AU  - Han, Jun
AU  - Wu, Guizhen
AU  - Jin, Qi
AU  - Wang, Jianwei
AU  - Tan, Wenjie
AU  - Qin, Chuan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Background Since December 2019, an outbreak of the Corona Virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) in Wuhan, China, has become a public health emergency of international concern. The high fatality of aged cases caused by SARS-CoV-2 was a need to explore the possible age-related phenomena with non-human primate models. Methods Three 3-5 years old and two 15 years old rhesus macaques were intratracheally infected with SARS-CoV-2, and then analyzed by clinical signs, viral replication, chest X-ray, histopathological changes and immune response. Results Viral replication of nasopharyngeal swabs, anal swabs and lung in old monkeys was more active than that in young monkeys for 14 days after SARS-CoV-2 challenge. Monkeys developed typical interstitial pneumonia characterized by thickened alveolar septum accompanied with inflammation and edema, notably, old monkeys exhibited diffuse severe interstitial pneumonia. Viral antigens were detected mainly in alveolar epithelial cells and macrophages. Conclusion SARS-CoV-2 caused more severe interstitial pneumonia in old monkeys than that in young monkeys. Rhesus macaque models infected with SARS-CoV-2 provided insight into the pathogenic mechanism and facilitated the development of vaccines and therapeutics against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
JO  - Animal Models and Experimental Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/ame2.12108
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/ame2.12108
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - To Protect Healthcare Workers Better, To Save More Lives
AU  - Chen, Weiyun
AU  - Huang, Yuguang
PY  - 9000
PD  - 
N2  - The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has thus far caused a total of 81,747 confirmed cases with 3,283 deaths in China, and more than 370,000 confirmed cases including over 16,000 deaths around the world by March 24, 2020. This issue has received extensive attention from the international community and has become a major public health priority. As the pandemic progresses, it is regrettable to know the healthcare workers, including anesthesiologists, being infected constantly. Therefore, we would like to share our firsthand practical experience and perspective in China, focusing on the personal protection of healthcare workers and the risk factors related to their infection, based on the different stages of the COVID-19 epidemic in China. Financial Disclosures: None. Conflicts of interest: None. Address correspondence to: Yuguang Huang, MD. Department of Anesthesiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, No.1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China. Tel: +86-13601121351, Email: garybeijing@163.com © 2020 International Anesthesia Research Society
JO  - Anesthesia & Analgesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Publish Ahead of Print
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00000539-900000000-95724
DO  - 10.1213/ane.0000000000004834
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/anesthesia-analgesia/Fulltext/publishahead/To_Protect_Healthcare_Workers_Better,_To_Save_More.95724.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 3D printed circuit splitter and flow restriction devices for multiple patient lung ventilation using one anaesthesia workstation or ventilator
AU  - Clarke, A. L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract The ongoing pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 virus and its associated disease COVID-19 has resulted in widespread ventilator shortages and rationing of care. Massive global supply chain disruption and quarantine measures prevent equipment movement and medical device production.
JO  - Anaesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/anae.15063
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/anae.15063
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Lest we forget
AU  - Halazun, Karim J.
AU  - Rosenblatt, Russell
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) pandemic has caused shockwaves throughout the US healthcare system. Nowhere has coronavirus 19 (COVID-19) caused more infections than in New York, where there have been over 26,500 infections. Resources have been appropriately allocated towards combating this outbreak, but where does this leave patients with severe non-COVID-19 diseases? Herein we provide the views of a liver transplant surgeon and transplant hepatologist in New York.
JO  - American Journal of Transplantation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/ajt.15888
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/ajt.15888
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in Kidney Transplant Recipients
AU  - Gandolfini, Ilaria
AU  - Delsante, Marco
AU  - Fiaccadori, Enrico
AU  - Zaza, Gianluigi
AU  - Manenti, Lucio
AU  - Degli Antoni, Anna
AU  - Peruzzi, Licia
AU  - Riella, Leonardo V.
AU  - Cravedi, Paolo
AU  - Maggiore, Umberto
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract An outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that began in Wuhan, China, has spread rapidly and has already taken on pandemic proportions. After China, Italy is the country with the highest number of cases so far (41,035 confirmed cases according to Dipartimento della Protezione Civile as of March 19, and 3,405 deaths). In Northern Italy, where the current prevalence of confirmed cases has surpassed in some areas 2 per 1,000 people, kidney transplant patients are getting infected and starting to develop coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
JO  - American Journal of Transplantation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/ajt.15891
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/ajt.15891
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel Coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) in the Immunocompromised Transplant Recipient: #Flatteningthecurve
AU  - Fishman, Jay A.
AU  - Grossi, Paolo A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract COVID-19 has caused ?closure of all schools and universities throughout Italy cinemas, theaters and discoteques are shut down as well.?(among) the few individuals who are out and about, I notice a lot of elbow bumping rather than both-cheek kissing and greater distance between people as they talk.?the trains between Florence and Rome ?are largely empty.? Lori Heatherington, Florence, Italy
JO  - American Journal of Transplantation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/ajt.15890
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/ajt.15890
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Diagnosis and Management of COVID-19 Disease
AU  - Jamil, Shazia
AU  - Mark, Nick
AU  - Carlos, Graham
AU  - Dela Cruz, Charles S.
AU  - Gross, Jane E.
AU  - Pasnick, Susan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1164/rccm.2020C1
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The potential risk of kidney vulnerable to novel coronavirus 2019 infection
AU  - Zhang, Fan
AU  - Liang, Yumei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE. This study aims to assess correlations of the time from symptom onset to diagnosis and treatment with the time to disease resolution and CT scores as based on findings from sequential chest CT examinations. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Thirty patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) confirmed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis underwent chest CT examinations. Five patients who did not have positive CT findings or who had not yet fulfilled criteria for discharge from the hospital were excluded. CT scores were determined according to CT findings and lung involvement. The time from symptom onset to diagnosis and treatment was recorded for each patient, and on the basis of this information, patients with COVID-19 were divided into group 1 (patients for whom this interval was ≤ 3 days) and group 2 (those for whom this interval was > 3 days). The CT scores for each group were fitted using a Lorentzian line-shape curve to show the variation tendency during treatment. The differences in age, sex, and last CT scores determined before discharge between the two groups were analyzed, and correlations of the time from symptom onset to diagnosis and treatment with the time to disease resolution as well as with the highest CT score also underwent statistical analysis. RESULTS. A total of 25 subjects were enrolled in the study. The fitted tendency curves for group 1 and group 2 were significantly different, with peak points showing that the estimated highest CT score was 10 and 16 for each group, respectively, and the time to disease resolution was 6 and 13 days, respectively. The Mann-Whitney test showed that the last CT scores were lower for group 1 than for group 2 (p = 0.025), although the chi-square test found no difference in age and sex between the groups. The time from symptom onset to diagnosis and treatment had a positive correlation with the time to disease resolution (r = 0.93; p = 0.000) as well as with the highest CT score (r = 0.83; p = 0.006). CONCLUSION. Timely diagnosis and treatment are key to providing a better prognosis for patients with COVID-19.
JO  - American journal of physiology. Renal physiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-7
SP  - 1
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1152/ajprenal.00085.2020
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32223555
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 - An ally or a Trojan horse? Implications to SARS-CoV-2 -related cardiovascular complications
AU  - Abassi, Zaid A.
AU  - Assady, Suheir
AU  - Khoury, Emad Elias
AU  - Heyman, Samuel N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1152/ajpheart.00215.2020
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32223552
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Intranasal corticosteroids in allergic rhinitis in COVID-19 infected patients: An ARIA-EAACI statement
AU  - Bousquet, Jean
AU  - Akdis, Cezmi
AU  - Jutel, Marek
AU  - Bachert, Claus
AU  - Klimek, Ludger
AU  - Agache, Ioana
AU  - Ansotegui, Ignacio J.
AU  - Bedbrook, Anna
AU  - Bosnic-Anticevich, Sinthia
AU  - Canonica, Giorgio W.
AU  - Chivato, Tomas
AU  - Cruz, Alvaro A.
AU  - Czarlewski, Wienia
AU  - Del Giacco, Stefano
AU  - Du, Hui
AU  - Fonseca, Joao A.
AU  - Gao, Yadong
AU  - Haahtela, Tari
AU  - Hoffmann-Sommergruber, Karin
AU  - Ivancevich, Juan C.
AU  - Khaltaev, Nikolai
AU  - Knol, Edward F.
AU  - Kuna, Piotr
AU  - Larenas-Linnemann, Desiree
AU  - Mullol, Joaquim
AU  - Naclerio, Robert
AU  - Ohta, Ken
AU  - Okamoto, Y.
AU  - O'Mahony, Liam
AU  - Onorato, Gabrielle L.
AU  - Papadopoulos, Nikos G.
AU  - Pfaar, Oliver
AU  - Samolinski, Boleslaw
AU  - Schwarze, Jürgen
AU  - Toppila-Salmi, Sanna
AU  - Teresa Ventura, Maria
AU  - Valiulis, Arunas
AU  - Yorgancioglu, Arzu
AU  - Zuberbier, Torsten
AU  - group, The Aria-Mask study
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Allergy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/all.14302
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/all.14302
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - AJN On the Web Risk Stratification and PPE Use in Pediatric Endoscopy During the COVID-19 Outbreak: A Single-Center Protocol
AU  - Say, Daphne S.
AU  - de Lorimier, Arthur
AU  - Lammers, Cathleen R.
AU  - Natale, JoAnne
AU  - Lakshminrusimha, Satyan
AU  - Wiedeman, Jean
AU  - Partridge, Elizabeth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - SARS-CoV-2, the novel coronavirus causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is now a global pandemic. Human-to-human transmission has been documented to occur through respiratory secretions, feces, aerosols, and contaminated environmental surfaces. Pediatric patients present a unique challenge as they may have minimal symptoms and yet transmit disease. Endoscopists face risk for infection with viruses like SARS-CoV-2, as the aerosol generating nature of endoscopy diffuses respiratory disease that can be spread via an airborne and droplet route. We describe our center's methodology for pediatric patient risk stratification to facilitate responsible use of endoscopic resources during this crisis. We also describe our recommendations for use of personal protective equipment by endoscopists, with the goal of ensuring the safety of ourselves, our anesthesiology and endoscopy staff, and our patients. Address correspondence and reprint requests to Daphne S. Say, MD, Assistant Clinical Professor, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Davis, 2516 Stockton Boulevard, Ticon II, Sacramento, CA 95817 (e-mail: dsay@ucdavis.edu). Received 26 March, 2020 Accepted 30 March, 2020 Conflict of Interest Disclosure: The authors have no conflicts of interest relevant to this article to disclose. Funding Source: No funding was secured for this study. Financial Disclosure: The authors have no financial relationships relevant to this article to disclose. © 2020 by European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition and North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology
JO  - AJN The American Journal of Nursing
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 120
IS  - 4
PG  - 21
SP  - 21
EP  - 
AN  - 00000446-202004000-00018
DO  - 10.1097/01.Naj.0000660000.95523.22 10.1097/mpg.0000000000002731
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/ajnonline/Fulltext/2020/04000/AJN_On_the_Web.18.aspx https://journals.lww.com/jpgn/Fulltext/publishahead/Risk_Stratification_and_PPE_Use_in_Pediatric.96118.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Why Italian ENT physicians should be aware of SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Torretta, Sara
AU  - Gaini, Lorenzo Maria
AU  - Pignataro, Lorenzo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Perchè gli specialisti ORL italiani devono stare in guardia contro SARS-CoV-2.
JO  - Acta otorhinolaryngologica Italica : organo ufficiale della Societa italiana di otorinolaringologia e chirurgia cervico-facciale
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.14639/0392-100X-N0738
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32225995
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak at the Department of Ophthalmology, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
AU  - Jørstad, Øystein Kalsnes
AU  - Moe, Morten Carstens
AU  - Eriksen, Ketil
AU  - Petrovski, Goran
AU  - Bragadóttir, Ragnheiður
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Acta ophthalmologica
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/aos.14426
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32227668
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Investigation into SARS-CoV-2 Resistance of Compounds in Garlic Essential Oil
AU  - Thuy, Bui Thi Phuong
AU  - My, Tran Thi Ai
AU  - Hai, Nguyen Thi Thanh
AU  - Hieu, Le Trung
AU  - Hoa, Tran Thai
AU  - Thi Phuong Loan, Huynh
AU  - Triet, Nguyen Thanh
AU  - Anh, Tran Thi Van
AU  - Quy, Phan Tu
AU  - Tat, Pham Van
AU  - Hue, Nguyen Van
AU  - Quang, Duong Tuan
AU  - Trung, Nguyen Tien
AU  - Tung, Vo Thanh
AU  - Huynh, Lam K.
AU  - Nhung, Nguyen Thi Ai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Eighteen active substances, including 17 organosulfur compounds found in garlic essential oil (T), were identified by GC–MS analysis. For the first time, using the molecular docking technique, we report the inhibitory effect of the considered compounds on the host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) protein in the human body that leads to a crucial foundation about coronavirus resistance of individual compounds on the main protease (PDB6LU7) protein of SARS-CoV-2. The results show that the 17 organosulfur compounds, accounting for 99.4% contents of the garlic essential oil, have strong interactions with the amino acids of the ACE2 protein and the main protease PDB6LU7 of SARS-CoV-2. The strongest anticoronavirus activity is expressed in allyl disulfide and allyl trisulfide, which account for the highest content in the garlic essential oil (51.3%). Interestingly, docking results indicate the synergistic interactions of the 17 substances, which exhibit good inhibition of the ACE2 and PDB6LU7 proteins. The results suggest that the garlic essential oil is a valuable natural antivirus source, which contributes to preventing the invasion of coronavirus into the human body.
JO  - ACS Omega
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1021/acsomega.0c00772
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.0c00772
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Nano Research for COVID-19
AU  - Chan, Warren C. W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The availability of the whole genome sequence enabled researchers to develop PCR kits to diagnose patients suffering with COVID-19. Researchers have also developed isothermal amplification tests, serological tests, and lateral flow assays to diagnose COVID-19.(3) However, regulatory approvals of these different tests by the various health agencies vary by country. In parallel with diagnostic test developments, researchers are examining different drug formulations to treat patients suffering with COVID-19. One potential therapy currently undergoing clinical trials is the HIV drug combination of liponavir–ritonavir. Thus far, the trials have not shown a significant difference between patients treated with this drug cocktail and placebo.(4) Finally, on the disease prevention front, a number of vaccine candidates are being repurposed against SARS-CoV-2, and some have recently entered phase I clinical trials.(5) A deployable vaccine is not expected for at least 12–18 months.
JO  - ACS Nano
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1021/acsnano.0c02540
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.0c02540
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [RETRACTED][Potential false-positive rate among the 'asymptomatic infected individuals' in close contacts of COVID-19 patients]
AU  - Zhuang, G. H.
AU  - Shen, M. W.
AU  - Zeng, L. X.
AU  - Mi, B. B.
AU  - Chen, F. Y.
AU  - Liu, W. J.
AU  - Pei, L. L.
AU  - Qi, X.
AU  - Li, C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: As the prevention and control of COVID-19continues to advance, the active nucleic acid test screening in the close contacts of the patients has been carrying out in many parts of China. However, the false-positive rate of positive results in the screening has not been reported up to now. But to clearify the false-positive rate during screening is important in COVID-19 control and prevention. Methods: Point values and reasonable ranges of the indicators which impact the false-positive rate of positive results were estimated based on the information available to us at present. The false-positive rate of positive results in the active screening was deduced, and univariate and multivariate-probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed to understand the robustness of the findings. Results: When the infection rate of the close contacts and the sensitivity and specificity of reported results were taken as the point estimates, the positive predictive value of the active screening was only 19.67%, in contrast, the false-positive rate of positive results was 80.33%. The multivariate-probabilistic sensitivity analysis results supported the base-case findings, with a 75% probability for the false-positive rate of positive results over 47%. Conclusions: In the close contacts of COVID-19 patients, nearly half or even more of the 'asymptomatic infected individuals' reported in the active nucleic acid test screening might be false positives.
JO  - Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32133832
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200221-00144
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Detectable SARS-CoV-2 Viral RNA in Feces of Three Children during Recovery Period of COVID-19 Pneumonia
AU  - Zhang, Tongqiang
AU  - Cui, Xiaojian
AU  - Zhao, Xue
AU  - Wang, Jinhu
AU  - Zheng, Jiafeng
AU  - Zheng, Guifen
AU  - Guo, Wei
AU  - Cai, Chunquan
AU  - He, Sijia
AU  - Xu, Yongsheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a newly emerging infectious disease caused by a novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). After its first occurrence in Wuhan of China from December 2019, COVID-19 rapidly spread around the world. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) statement on March 13, 2020, there had been over 132,500 confirmed cases globally. Nevertheless, the case reports of children are rare, which result in the lack of evidence for preventing and controlling of children's infection. Here, we report 3 cases of SARS-CoV-2 infected children diagnosed from February 3 to February 17, 2020 in Tianjin, China. All of these three cases experienced mild illness and recovered soon after treatment, with the nucleic acid of throat swab turning negative within 14, 11, 7 days after diagnosis respectively. However, after been discharged, all the three cases were tested SARS-CoV-2 positive in the stool samples within 10 days, in spite of their remained negative nucleic acid in throat swab specimens. Therefore, it is necessary to be aware of the possibility of fecal-oral transmission of SARS-CoV-2 infection, especially for children cases. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - J Med Virol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32222992
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25795
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - GENOMIC CHARACTERISATION AND PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF SARS-COV-2 IN ITALY
AU  - Zehender, Gianguglielmo
AU  - Lai, Alessia
AU  - Bergna, Annalisa
AU  - Meroni, Luca
AU  - Riva, Agostino
AU  - Balotta, Claudia
AU  - Tarkowski, Maciej
AU  - Gabrieli, Arianna
AU  - Bernacchia, Dario
AU  - Rusconi, Stefano
AU  - Rizzardini, Giuliano
AU  - Antinori, Spinello
AU  - Galli, Massimo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This report describes the isolation, molecular characterisation and phylogenetic analysis of the first three complete genomes of SARS-CoV-2 isolated from three patients involved in the first outbreak of COVID-19 in Lombardy, Italy. Early molecular epidemiological tracing suggests that SARS-CoV-2 was present in Italy weeks before the first reported cases of infection. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - J Med Virol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32222993
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25794
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - CT screening for early diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection - Authors' reply
AU  - Shi, Heshui
AU  - Han, Xiaoyu
AU  - Cao, Yukun
AU  - Alwalid, Osamah
AU  - Zheng, Chuansheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Lancet Infect Dis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32222163
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30247-4
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Guidelines for surgical management of gynaecological cancer during pandemic COVID-19 period - FRANCOGYN group for the CNGOF.]
AU  - Vincent, Lavoue
AU  - Cherif, Akladios
AU  - Henri, Azais
AU  - Marcos, Ballester
AU  - Sofiane, Bendifallah
AU  - Pierre-Adrien, Bolze
AU  - Nicolas, Bourdel
AU  - Alexandre, Bricou
AU  - Geoffroy, Canlorbe
AU  - Xavier, Carcopino
AU  - Pauline, Chauvet
AU  - Pierre, Collinet
AU  - Charles, Coutant
AU  - Yohann, Dabi
AU  - Ludivine, Dion
AU  - Tristan, Gauthier
AU  - Olivier, Graesslin
AU  - Cyrille, Huchon
AU  - Martin, Koskas
AU  - Frederic, Kridelka
AU  - Lise, Lecointre
AU  - Matthieu, Mezzadri
AU  - Camille, Mimoun
AU  - Lobna, Ouldamer
AU  - Emilie, Raimond
AU  - Cyril, Touboul
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - INTRODUCTION: recommendations for the management of patients with gynecological cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic period. MATERIAL AND METHOD: recommendations based on the consensus conference model. RESULTS: In the case of a COVID-19 positive patient, surgical management should be postponed for at least 15 days. For cervical cancer, the place of surgery must be re-evaluated in relation to radiotherapy and Radio-Chemotherapy-Concomitant and the value of lymph node staging surgeries must be reviewed on a case-by-case basis. For advanced ovarian cancers, neo-adjuvant chemotherapy should be favored even if primary cytoreduction surgery could be envisaged. It is lawful not to offer hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy during a COVID-19 pandemic. In the case of patients who must undergo interval surgery, it is possible to continue the chemotherapy and to offer surgery after 6 cycles of chemotherapy. For early stage endometrial cancer, in case of low and intermediate preoperative ESMO risk, hysterectomy with bilateral annexectomy associated with a sentinel lymph node procedure should be favored. It is possible to consider postponing surgery for 1 to 2 months in low-risk endometrial cancers (FIGO Ia stage on MRI and grade 1-2 endometrioid cancer on endometrial biopsy). For high ESMO risk, it ispossible to favor the MSKCC algorithm (combining PET-CT and sentinel lymph node biopsy) in order to omit pelvic and lumbar-aortic lymphadenectomies. CONCLUSION: During COVID-19 pandemic, patients suffering from cancer should not lose life chance, while limiting the risks associated with the virus.
JO  - Gynecol Obstet Fertil Senol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32222433
DO  - 10.1016/j.gofs.2020.03.017
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Estimation of the COVID-19 burden in Egypt through exported case detection
AU  - Tuite, Ashleigh R.
AU  - Ng, Victoria
AU  - Rees, Erin
AU  - Fisman, David
AU  - Wilder-Smith, Annelies
AU  - Khan, Kamran
AU  - Bogoch, Isaac I.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Lancet Infect Dis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32222162
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30233-4
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Antihypertensive drugs and risk of COVID-19?
AU  - Tignanelli, Christopher J.
AU  - Ingraham, Nicholas E.
AU  - Sparks, Matthew A.
AU  - Reilkoff, Ronald
AU  - Bezdicek, Tamara
AU  - Benson, Bradley
AU  - Schacker, Timothy
AU  - Chipman, Jeffrey G.
AU  - Puskarich, Michael A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Lancet Respir Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32222166
DO  - 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30153-3
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus : Dr Li Wenliang, lanceur d'alerte, heros et martyr
AU  - Nau, Jean-Yves
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Rev Med Suisse
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32049461
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: UK budget gives pound94 a week statutory sick pay to self-isolators and their carers
AU  - Mahase, Elisabeth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32161028
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1001
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Antihypertensive drugs and risk of COVID-19?
AU  - Lo, Kevin Bryan
AU  - McCullough, Peter A.
AU  - Rangaswami, Janani
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Lancet Respir Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32222167
DO  - 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30156-9
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 : Face Masks and Human-to-human Transmission
AU  - Liu, Xiaopeng
AU  - Zhang, Sisen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, transmission of the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) that causes coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) occurred in Wuhan, China(1) .And later the virus began to be transmitted from person to person(2) .Face masks are a type of personal protective equipment used to prevent the spread of respiratory infectionsit may be effective at helping prevent transmission of respiratory viruses and bacteria(3) .Here, we share a case of face masks are be used to prevent the transmission of COVID-19 infection.
JO  - Influenza Other Respir Viruses
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32223072
DO  - 10.1111/irv.12740
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Art of performing dermoscopy during the times of coronavirus disease (COVID-19): Simple change in approach can save the day!
AU  - Jakhar, Deepak
AU  - Kaur, Ishmeet
AU  - Kaul, Subuhi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Dermatoscope is a convenient diagnostic tool used by dermatologists in the diagnosis of skin, hair and nail disorders. During dermoscopy, a dermatoscope comes in contact with the patient and hence can act as a potential source of nosocomial spread of infections.(1) The uncertainty associated with the mode of spread of current coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has only lead to confusion and studies are underway to determine the role of zoonotic and environmental factors.(2-4) There are reports of presence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) on door handles, mobile phones and other surfaces.
JO  - J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol
PB  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32223004
DO  - 10.1111/jdv.16412
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - CT screening for early diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection
AU  - Huang, Yongshun
AU  - Cheng, Weibin
AU  - Zhao, Na
AU  - Qu, Hongying
AU  - Tian, Junzhang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Lancet Infect Dis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32222164
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30241-3
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Efforts escalate to protect homeless people from COVID-19 in UK
AU  - Kirby, Tony
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Lancet Respir Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32222165
DO  - 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30160-0
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Infection in a Patient with End-Stage Kidney Disease
AU  - Fu, Dian
AU  - Yang, Bo
AU  - Xu, Jing
AU  - Mao, Zhiguo
AU  - Zhou, Chenchen
AU  - Xue, Cheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, the epidemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread very rapidly in China and worldwide. In this article, we report on a 75-year-old man infected with 2019 novel coronavirus who has end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). COVID-19 patients with ESKD need isolation dialysis, but most of them cannot be handled in time due to limited continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) machines. CRRT provided benefits for this patient by removing potentially damaging toxins and stabilizing his metabolic and hemodynamic status. With the control of uremia and fluid status, this patient ended up with an uneventful post-CRRT course, absence of clinical symptoms, and negative PCR tests. Greater efforts are needed to decrease the mortality of COVID-19-infected ESKD patients.
JO  - Nephron
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32222703
DO  - 10.1159/000507261
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Antihypertensive drugs and risk of COVID-19? - Authors' reply
AU  - Fang, Lei
AU  - Karakiulakis, George
AU  - Roth, Michael
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Lancet Respir Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32222169
DO  - 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30159-4
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Discussing the ABCs of Health Security-Antibiotic Resistance, Biothreats, and Coronavirus
AU  - Desai, Angel N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32074261
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2019.21022
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A citizen's thoughts about COVID-19
AU  - Chow, Ronald
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32222158
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30692-9
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Antihypertensive drugs and risk of COVID-19?
AU  - Brown, Joshua D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Lancet Respir Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32222168
DO  - 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30158-2
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus name, animal-research data and a Solar System snowman
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32076224
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00453-2
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 gives the lie to global health expertise
AU  - Dalglish, Sarah L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32222159
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30739-X
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Considering inequalities in the school closure response to COVID-19
AU  - Armitage, Richard
AU  - Nellums, Laura B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Lancet Glob Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32222161
DO  - 10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30116-9
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus latest: The outbreak in Italy went undetected for weeks
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32152592
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00154-w
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Plano de contingência: novo Coronavírus (2019-nCoV) do Parana
AU  - Paraná . Secretaria de, Estado
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - O Plano de Contingência é um documento elaborado com o intuito de auxiliar o Estado do Paraná na resposta ao enfrentamento de um possível surto do novo Coronavírus (2019-nCoV) originado na cidade de Wuhan, na China. Este vírus responsável por doença respiratória pode determinar sérios danos às pessoas e à economia dos entes integrantes do Sistema Único de Saúde. Neste documento, serão definidas as responsabilidades do Estado do Paraná e municípios, em parceria com o Ministério da saúde e estabelecida uma organização necessária, de modo a atender a situações de emergência relacionadas à circulação do vírus no Estado do Paraná, visando integralidade das ações na prevenção e monitoramento da doença, bem como na assistência à saúde população. As ações a serem implantadas devem promover a assistência adequada ao paciente, vigilância epidemiológica sensível e oportuna, bem como ações de comunicação. Essas diretrizes têm por objetivo auxiliar os serviços de saúde na mitigação dos processos epidêmicos, comunicação de risco e na redução da morbimortalidade por esta doença. As equipes do Sistema Único de Saúde desenvolvem diversas atividades de rotina, que dão sustentação às ações que serão aplicadas no Plano de Contingência.
JO  - 
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
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EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://portalarquivos2.saude.gov.br/images/pdf/2020/fevereiro/13/PLANO-DE-CONTINGENCIA-novo-coronavirus-PARAN---EM-REVIS--O.pdf http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/gme8c
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Perguntas e respostas: prevenção e controle de infecção relacionada à assistência à saúde de pacientes suspeitos ou confirmados de 2019-nCoV
AU  - São Paulo Secretaria da, Saúde
PY  - 2019
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 4-4
SP  - 4
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/wysjg
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Quarantined
AU  - Lee, Moon
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract As an emergency medicine physician, I am used to working when most people are not working. At the end of February, the first patient in the U.S. to be diagnosed with COVID-19 without a travel history occurred in Sacramento, CA. Over 120 healthcare professionals who had contact with the patient were quarantined. Beginning of March, I worked in the emergency department and treated a patient with viral symptoms without a travel history who was admitted to the hospital.
JO  - Academic Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/acem.13975
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/acem.13975
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Fighting the Coronavirus Outbreak
AU  - Kiessling, Laura
AU  - Chen, Peng
AU  - Wang, Jie
AU  - Li, Jie P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We wanted to provide a glimpse of what chemical biologists have been working on, from the perspective of scientists in China. In the past 40 days, we have heard more stories of hope and resilience than of worry and grief in China, where 1.4 billion people are doing their best to bring this serious outbreak under control. Right now, the epidemic situation outside Hubei is gradually improving, and the situation inside Hubei has shown signs of stabilization. It is noteworthy that although it is mandated that most people have to stay at home as a quarantine procedure, scientists in China have been increasingly devoted to combating COVID-19, with several clinical trials currently underway. As for scientists throughout the world, researchers in China are making extraordinary efforts toward rapid advancement of diagnostic and treatment approaches, and are doing so under highly challenging personal circumstances with extensive restrictions on not only travel, but day-to-day activities. As mentioned by WHO officers, Chinese scientists have been extremely professional in the face of this epidemic and have made their findings rapidly available to researchers around the world to coordinate global efforts to characterize, treat, and mitigate the spread of COVID-19. One team led by Yongzhen Zhang from Fudan University completed the deep sequencing of COVID-19 and made its whole genome sequence publicly available on January 10, 2020.(1) Medical experts, virologists, structural biologists, and medicinal chemists have made significant contributions in areas such as epidemic prevention and control, patient treatment, virus classification and traceability, structure analysis, and clinical drug development. The current progress relied on the rapid development of science and technology, as well as the dedication of scientific researchers. During the epidemic, almost all industries not related to any antiepidemic efforts were halted due to the lock down of transportation and lack of manpower. It has been extremely difficult to complete high-level scientific research under such an extreme situation.
JO  - ACS Chemical Biology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1021/acschembio.0c00175
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1021/acschembio.0c00175
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Letter to the Editor
AU  - Toljan, Karlo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - I have read with interest the article entitled Evidence of the COVID-19 Virus Targeting the CNS: Tissue Distribution, Host−Virus Interaction, and Proposed Neurotropic Mechanisms by Baig et al. 1. This letter is supposed to supplement the aforementioned article with expanded scope on pathophysiological mechanisms which could prove salient in elucidating pathogenesis, seeking treatment, or considering clinical implications.
JO  - ACS Chemical Neuroscience
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00174
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00174
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel Coronavirus International Public Health Emergency: Guidance on Radiation Oncology Facility Operation
AU  - Chen, Wei
AU  - Su, Xiao-Ye
AU  - Wang, Victoria J.
AU  - Wang, Edina C.
AU  - Xu, Ruizhen
AU  - Zhong, Shiyan
AU  - Sun, Guoping
AU  - Xia, Jun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Advances in Radiation Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adro.2020.03.008
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452109420300592
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Concerns for activated breathing control (ABC) with breast cancer in the era of COVID-19: Maximizing infection control while minimizing heart dose
AU  - Song, Andrew
AU  - Manukian, Gregor
AU  - Taylor, Amy
AU  - Anne, Pramila R.
AU  - Simone, Nicole L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Advances in Radiation Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adro.2020.03.009
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452109420300609
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prostate Cancer Radiotherapy Recommendations in Response to COVID-19
AU  - Zaorsky, Nicholas G.
AU  - Yu, James B.
AU  - McBride, Sean M.
AU  - Dess, Robert T.
AU  - Jackson, William C.
AU  - Mahal, Brandon A.
AU  - Chen, Ronald
AU  - Choudhury, Ananya
AU  - Henry, Ann
AU  - Syndikus, Isabel
AU  - Mitin, Timur
AU  - Tree, Alison
AU  - Kishan, Amar U.
AU  - Spratt, Daniel E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Purpose During a global pandemic the benefit of routine visits and treatment of cancer patients must be weighed against the risks to patients, staff, and society. Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers Radiation Oncology departments treat, and efficient resource utilization is essential in the setting of a pandemic. Herein, we aim to establish recommendations and a framework by which to evaluate prostate radiotherapy management decisions. Patients and Methods Radiation Oncologists from the United States and United Kingdom rapidly conducted a systematic review and agreed upon recommendations to safely manage prostate cancer patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. A RADS framework was created: Remote visits, and Avoidance, Deferment, and Shortening of radiotherapy was applied to determine appropriate approaches. Results Recommendations are provided by National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) risk group, including clinical node positive, post-prostatectomy, oligometastatic, and low volume M1 disease. Across all prostate cancer stages, telemedicine consultations and return visits were recommended when resources/staff available. Delays in consultations and return visits was deemed safe based on stage of disease between 1-6 months. Treatment can be avoided or delayed until safe for very low, low, and favorable intermediate-risk disease. Unfavorable intermediate-risk, high-risk, clinical node positive, recurrence post-surgery, oligometastatic, and low-volume M1 disease can receive neoadjuvant hormone therapy for 4-6 months as necessary. Ultrahypofractionation was preferred for localized, oligometastatic, and low volume M1, and moderate hypofractionation was preferred for post-prostatectomy and clinical node positive disease. Salvage was preferred to adjuvant radiation. Conclusion Resources can be reduced for all identified stages of prostate cancer. The RADS (Remote visits, and Avoidance, Deferment, and Shortening of radiotherapy) framework can be applied to other disease sites to help with decision making in a global pandemic.
JO  - Advances in Radiation Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adro.2020.03.010
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452109420300610
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Warning Against the Use of Anti-Inflammatory Medicines to Cure COVID-19: Building Castles in the Air
AU  - Varrassi, Giustino
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Advances in Therapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12325-020-01321-1
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12325-020-01321-1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Editorial: Managing the march of COVID-19: lessons from the HIV and AIDS epidemic
AU  - Whiteside, Alan
AU  - Parker, Warren
AU  - Schramm, Mike
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - African Journal of AIDS Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2989/16085906.2020.1749792
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2989/16085906.2020.1749792 https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.2989/16085906.2020.1749792
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Geroprotective and senoremediative strategies to reduce the comorbidity, infection rates, severity, and lethality in gerophilic and gerolavic infections
AU  - Zhavoronkov, Alex
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The recently identified SARS-CoV-2 betacoronavirus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic has uncovered the age-associated vulnerability in the burden of disease and put aging research in the spotlight. The limited data available indicates that COVID-19 should be referred to as a gerolavic (from Greek, géros "old man" and epilavís, "harmful") infection because the infection rates, severity, and lethality are substantially higher in the population aged 60 and older. This is primarily due to comorbidity but may be partially due to immunosenescence, decreased immune function in the elderly, and general loss of function, fitness, and increased frailty associated with aging. Immunosenescence is a major factor affecting vaccination response, as well as the severity and lethality of infectious diseases. While vaccination reduces infection rates, and therapeutic interventions reduce the severity and lethality of infections, these interventions have limitations. Previous studies showed that postulated geroprotectors, such as sirolimus (rapamycin) and its close derivative rapalog everolimus (RAD001), decreased infection rates in a small sample of elderly patients. This article presents a review of the limited literature available on geroprotective and senoremediative interventions that may be investigated to decrease the disease burden of gerolavic infections. This article also highlights a need for rigorous clinical validation of deep aging clocks as surrogate markers of biological age. These could be used to assess the need for, and efficacy of, geroprotective and senoremediative interventions and provide better protection for elderly populations from gerolavic infections. This article does not represent medical advice and the medications described are not yet licensed or recommended as immune system boosters, as they have not undergone clinical evaluation for this purpose.
JO  - Aging
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 12
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.18632/aging.102988
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Expert consensus on the nursing management of critically ill elderly patients with coronavirus disease 2019
AU  - Xia, Wang
AU  - Chao, Sun
AU  - Hui-xiu, Hu
AU  - Zi-xin, Wang
AU  - Hui, Wang
AU  - Hua, Peng
AU  - Jian-hong, Qiao
AU  - Lan, Gao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract The novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) was first detected from patients with pneumonia of an unknown cause in Wuhan in December 2019. It has since been confirmed as the pathogen for the new coronavirus pneumonia, recently named coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by WHO. Although the general population is commonly susceptible to the disease, infected elderly people show fast progression and severe manifestations with a high proportion in critical condition as a result of compromised immunity and underlying diseases. In order to improve the quality of nursing, reduce complications and decrease mortality of critically ill elderly patients , we assembled a national expert group with expertise in critical nursing to write this consensus, based on a literature review and a subsequent panel discussion. The consensus covers the assessment, clinical nursing, discharge care and other aspects of care for critically ill elderly patients with COVID-19, aiming to share insights and provide guidance for clinical practice.
JO  - AGING MEDICINE
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/agm2.12107
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/agm2.12107
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - As We Went to Press: COVID-19 Continues to Spread A Comparative Study of Chest Computed Tomography Features in Young and Older Adults With Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19)
AU  - Zhu, Tingting
AU  - Wang, Yujin
AU  - Zhou, Shuchang
AU  - Zhang, Na
AU  - Xia, Liming
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Updates on the coronavirus. Objective: To analyze the most common computed tomography (CT) findings of pneumonia caused by new coronavirus in younger patients (60 and younger) and older adults (older than 60). Materials and Methods: The chest CT images of 72 symptomatic patients with corona virus disease (COVID-19) were analyzed retrospectively, including 44 younger patients (47.5±8.7 y old) and 28 older patients (68.4±6.0 y old). CT findings including density (pure ground-glass opacities, ground-glass opacities with consolidation, consolidation), the number of lobes involved, lesion distribution, and the main accompanying signs were analyzed and compared. Results: Characteristic CT findings included the lobes of bilateral lung extensively involved, ground-glass opacity and ground-glass opacity with consolidation in the peripheral area, sometimes accompanied by interlobular septal thickening, and subpleural line and pleural thickening. Compared with the younger group, the proportion of extensive involvement of lung lobes was higher in the elderly group (71.4% vs. 36.4%, P=0.009), and subpleural line and pleural thickening were more likely to occur (50.0% vs. 25.0%, and 71.4% vs. 40.9%, P=0.030 and 0.011, respectively). Conclusion: Elderly and younger patients with corona virus disease have some common CT features, but older patients are more likely to have extensive lung lobe involvement, and subpleural line and pleural thickening. These differentiated characteristics may be related to the progress and prognosis of the disease. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Correspondence to: Yujin Wang, MD, Radiology Department of Tongji Hospital, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Qiaokou District, Wuhan 430030, China (e-mail: 357985766@qq.com). This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Copyright © 2020 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved
JO  - AJN The American Journal of Nursing
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 120
IS  - 4
PG  - 15
SP  - 15
EP  - 
AN  - 00000446-202004000-00007
DO  - 10.1097/01.Naj.0000659956.26994.75 10.1097/rti.0000000000000513
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/ajnonline/Fulltext/2020/04000/As_We_Went_to_Press__COVID_19_Continues_to_Spread.7.aspx https://journals.lww.com/thoracicimaging/Fulltext/publishahead/A_Comparative_Study_of_Chest_Computed_Tomography.99433.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Timely Diagnosis and Treatment Shortens the Time to Resolution of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Pneumonia and Lowers the Highest and Last CT Scores From Sequential Chest CT
AU  - Huang, Guoquan
AU  - Gong, Tao
AU  - Wang, Guangbin
AU  - Wang, Jianwen
AU  - Guo, Xinfu
AU  - Cai, Erpeng
AU  - Li, Shirong
AU  - Li, Xiaohu
AU  - Yu, Yongqiang
AU  - Lin, Liangjie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE. This study aims to assess correlations of the time from symptom onset to diagnosis and treatment with the time to disease resolution and CT scores as based on findings from sequential chest CT examinations. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Thirty patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) confirmed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis underwent chest CT examinations. Five patients who did not have positive CT findings or who had not yet fulfilled criteria for discharge from the hospital were excluded. CT scores were determined according to CT findings and lung involvement. The time from symptom onset to diagnosis and treatment was recorded for each patient, and on the basis of this information, patients with COVID-19 were divided into group 1 (patients for whom this interval was ≤ 3 days) and group 2 (those for whom this interval was > 3 days). The CT scores for each group were fitted using a Lorentzian line-shape curve to show the variation tendency during treatment. The differences in age, sex, and last CT scores determined before discharge between the two groups were analyzed, and correlations of the time from symptom onset to diagnosis and treatment with the time to disease resolution as well as with the highest CT score also underwent statistical analysis. RESULTS. A total of 25 subjects were enrolled in the study. The fitted tendency curves for group 1 and group 2 were significantly different, with peak points showing that the estimated highest CT score was 10 and 16 for each group, respectively, and the time to disease resolution was 6 and 13 days, respectively. The Mann-Whitney test showed that the last CT scores were lower for group 1 than for group 2 (p = 0.025), although the chi-square test found no difference in age and sex between the groups. The time from symptom onset to diagnosis and treatment had a positive correlation with the time to disease resolution (r = 0.93; p = 0.000) as well as with the highest CT score (r = 0.83; p = 0.006). CONCLUSION. Timely diagnosis and treatment are key to providing a better prognosis for patients with COVID-19.
JO  - AJR. American journal of roentgenology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-7
SP  - 1
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2214/ajr.20.23078
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Strategic planning and recommendations for healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Ehrlich, Haley
AU  - McKenney, Mark
AU  - Elkbuli, Adel
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2020.03.057
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735675720302138
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The importance of designing and implementing participatory surveillance system: An approach as early detection and prevention of novel coronavirus (2019-nCov)
AU  - Amir-Behghadami, Mehrdad
AU  - Janati, Ali
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - American Journal of Infection Control
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2020.03.013
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0196655320301668
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Disease 19 Infection Does Not Result in Acute Kidney Injury: An Analysis of 116 Hospitalized Patients from Wuhan, China
AU  - Wang, Luwen
AU  - Li, Xun
AU  - Chen, Hui
AU  - Yan, Shaonan
AU  - Li, Dong
AU  - Li, Yan
AU  - Gong, Zuojiong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Whether the patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) infected by severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV-2 would commonly develop acute kidney injury (AKI) is an important issue worthy of clinical attention. This study aimed to explore the effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on renal function through analyzing the clinical data of 116 hospitalized COVID-19-confirmed patients. METHODS: One hundred sixteen COVID-19-confirmed patients enrolled in this study were hospitalized in the Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from January 14 to February 13, 2020. The recorded information includes demographic data, medical history, contact history, potential comorbidities, symptoms, signs, laboratory test results, chest computer tomography scans, and treatment measures. SARS-CoV-2 RNA in 53 urine sediments of enrolled patients was detected by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Twelve (10.8%) patients showed mild increase of blood urea nitrogen or creatinine (<26 μmol/L within 48 h), and 8 (7.2%) patients showed trace or 1+ albuminuria in 111 COVID-19-confirmed patients without chronic kidney disease (CKD). All these patients did not meet the diagnostic criteria of AKI. In addition, 5 patients with CKD who were undergone regular continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) before admission were confirmed infection of SARS-CoV-2 and diagnosed as COVID-19. In addition to therapy for COVID-19, CRRT was also applied 3 times weekly during hospitalization for these 5 patients with CKD. In the course of treatment, the renal function indicators showed stable state in all 5 patients with CKD, without exacerbation of CKD, and pulmonary inflammation was gradually absorbed. All 5 patients with CKD were survived. Moreover, SARS-CoV-2 RNA in urine sediments was positive only in 3 patients from 48 cases without CKD, and 1 patient had a positive for SARS-CoV-2 open reading frame 1ab from 5 cases with CKD. CONCLUSION: AKI was uncommon in COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 infection does not result in AKI, or aggravate CKD in the COVID-19 patients.
JO  - American journal of nephrology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-6
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1159/000507471
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Pandemic, Corona Viruses, and Diabetes Mellitus
AU  - Muniyappa, Ranganath
AU  - Gubbi, Sriram
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The pandemic of COVID-19, a disease caused by a novel coronavirus (CoV), SARS-CoV-2, is causing substantial morbidity and mortality. Older age and presence of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and obesity significantly increases the risk for hospitalization and death in COVID-19 patients. In this Perspective, informed by the studies on severe acute respiratory syndrome, SARS-CoV, and Middle East respiratory syndrome, MERS-CoV, and the current literature on SARS-CoV-2, we discuss potential mechanisms by which diabetes modulates the host-viral interactions and host-immune responses. We hope to highlight gaps in knowledge that require further studies pertinent to COVID-19 in patients with diabetes.
JO  - American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1152/ajpendo.00124.2020
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19, ACE2 and the Cardiovascular Consequences
AU  - South, Andrew Michael
AU  - Diz, Debra
AU  - Chappell, Mark C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel SARS coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 pandemic may be particularly deleterious to patients with underlying cardiovascular disease (CVD). The mechanism for SARS-CoV-2 infection is the requisite binding of the virus to the membrane-bound form of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and internalization of the complex by the host cell. Recognition that ACE2 is the co-receptor for the coronavirus has prompted new therapeutic approaches to block the enzyme or reduce its expression to prevent the cellular entry and SARS-CoV-2 infection in tissues that express ACE2 including lung, heart, kidney, brain, and gut. ACE2, however, is a key enzymatic component of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS); ACE2 degrades Ang II, a peptide with multiple actions that promote CVD, and generates Ang-(1-7) which antagonizes the effects of Ang II. Moreover, experimental evidence suggests that RAAS blockade by ACE inhibitors, AT(1) receptor antagonists and mineralocorticoid antagonists, as well as statins enhance ACE2 that, in part, contribute to the benefit of these regimens. In lieu of the fact that many older patients with hypertension or other CVDs are routinely treated with RAAS blockers and statins, new clinical concerns have developed regarding whether these patients are at greater risk for SARS-CoV-2 infection, whether RAAS and statin therapy should be discontinued, and the potential consequences of RAAS blockade to COVID-19-related pathologies such as acute and chronic respiratory disease. The current perspective critically examines the evidence for ACE2 regulation by RAAS blockade and statins, the cardiovascular benefits of ACE2, and whether ACE2 blockade is a viable approach to attenuate COVID-19.
JO  - American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1152/ajpheart.00217.2020
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Utility of Substandard Face Mask Options for Health Care Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Abd-Elsayed, Alaa
AU  - Karri, Jay
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Anesthesia & Analgesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Publish Ahead of Print
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00000539-900000000-95723
DO  - 10.1213/ane.0000000000004841
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/anesthesia-analgesia/Fulltext/publishahead/Utility_of_Substandard_Face_Mask_Options_for.95723.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The COVID-19 Pandemic: Effects on Low and Middle-Income Countries
AU  - Bong, Choon-Looi
AU  - Brasher, Christopher
AU  - Chikumba, Edson
AU  - McDougall, Robert
AU  - Mellin-Olsen, Jannicke
AU  - Enright, Angela
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 is spreading rapidly around the world with devastating consequences on patients, healthcare workers, health systems and economies. As it reaches low and middle-income countries, its effects could be even more dire because it will be difficult for them to respond aggressively to the pandemic. There is a great shortage of all health care providers who will be at risk due to a lack of personal protection equipment. Social distancing will be almost impossible. The necessary resources to treat patients will be in short supply. The end result could be a catastrophic loss of life. A global effort will be required to support faltering economies and health care systems. Funding: None Conflict of Interest: Dr Mellin-Olsen is President of the World Federation of Societies of Anaesthesiologists Author Contribution: All authors participated in the writing and editing of the manuscript Corresponding Author: Angela Enright MB BCh BAO, FRCPC, Clinical Professor of Anesthesia, University of British Columbia, Dept of Anesthesia, Royal Jubilee Hospital, 1952 Bay Street, Victoria, BC V8R 1J8, Canada, Email: acenright1@gmail.com, Phone: 1 250 472 0082, Cell: 1 250 661 2766 © 2020 International Anesthesia Research Society
JO  - Anesthesia & Analgesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Publish Ahead of Print
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00000539-900000000-95707
DO  - 10.1213/ane.0000000000004846
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/anesthesia-analgesia/Fulltext/publishahead/The_COVID_19_Pandemic__Effects_on_Low_and.95707.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Lessons learned from first COVID-19 cases in the United States
AU  - Landau, Ruth
AU  - Bernstein, Kyra
AU  - Mhyre, Jill
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Anesthesia & Analgesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Publish Ahead of Print
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00000539-900000000-95721
DO  - 10.1213/ane.0000000000004840
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/anesthesia-analgesia/Fulltext/publishahead/Lessons_learned_from_first_COVID_19_cases_in_the.95721.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronaviruses and SARS-CoV-2: A Brief Overview
AU  - Ludwig, Stephan
AU  - Zarbock, Alexander
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In late December 2019 several cases of pneumonia of unknown origin were reported from China, which in early January 2020 were announced to be caused by a novel coronavirus. The virus was later denominated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and defined as the causal agent of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Despite massive attempts to contain the disease in China, the virus has spread globally, and COVID-19 was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) in March 2020. Here we provide a short background on coronaviruses and describe in more detail the novel SARS-CoV-2 and attempts to identify effective therapies against COVID-19. Acknowledgements: This work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, Clinical Research Unit CRU342 and Collaborative Research Center „Breaking Barriers“ SFB1009). Correspondence: Stephan Ludwig, Institute of Virology (IVM), Von Esmarch Str. 56, 48149 Münster, ludwigs@uni-muenster.de © 2020 International Anesthesia Research Society
JO  - Anesthesia & Analgesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Publish Ahead of Print
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00000539-900000000-95720
DO  - 10.1213/ane.0000000000004845
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/anesthesia-analgesia/Fulltext/publishahead/Coronaviruses_and_SARS_CoV_2__A_Brief_Overview.95720.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Waste Not, Want Not: The Re-Usability of N95 Masks
AU  - Nathan, Naveen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As the spread of COVID-19 illnesses continues to escalate amidst a substandard supply of protective equipment for health care providers, the question of extended use or reuse of N95 masks has emerged. As well, the relative effectiveness of the N95 compared to other mask types have been entertained. A recent article by Abd-Elsayed and Karri aim to put these topics into focus. Additionally, personal correspondence between Drs. Richard Prielipp (University of Minnesota Department of Anesthesiology) and Peter Tsai (inventor of the N95 mask) offers perspectives on managing the reuse of this central element of protective equipment. The author declares no conflicts of interest. © 2020 International Anesthesia Research Society
JO  - Anesthesia & Analgesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Publish Ahead of Print
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00000539-900000000-95722
DO  - 10.1213/ane.0000000000004843
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/anesthesia-analgesia/Fulltext/publishahead/Waste_Not,_Want_Not__The_Re_Usability_of_N95_Masks.95722.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The COVID-19: Role of Ambulatory Surgery Facilities in This Global Pandemic
AU  - Rajan, Niraja
AU  - Joshi, Girish P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has now become a global pandemic. This has led the United States to declare a national emergency and a ban on all elective diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, as well as elective surgery in inpatient and outpatient settings. Ambulatory surgery facilities that perform only elective procedures are thus likely to be closed. However, these facilities may be able assist acute care hospitals, as essential (urgent and emergent) surgeries and diagnostic and therapeutic procedures will still need to be performed. The aim of this article is explore the potential contribution of ASFs in the current healthcare crisis. It is important to understand that COVID-19-related information is continually evolving, and thus, the discussion provided here is subject to change. Funding Source: None. Conflicts of Interests: Girish P. Joshi has received honoraria from Baxter Pharmaceuticals and Pacira Pharmaceuticals. Address for Correspondence: Girish P. Joshi, MBBS, MD, FFARCSI, Professor of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, Texas 75390-9068, USA. Phone: +1 214-648-2623 , E-mail address: girish.joshi@utsouthwestern.edu © 2020 International Anesthesia Research Society
JO  - Anesthesia & Analgesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Publish Ahead of Print
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00000539-900000000-95708
DO  - 10.1213/ane.0000000000004847
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/anesthesia-analgesia/Fulltext/publishahead/The_COVID_19__Role_of_Ambulatory_Surgery.95708.aspx
NS  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Essential Role of Patient Blood Management in a Pandemic: A Call for Action
AU  - Shander, Aryeh
AU  - Goobie, Susan Marie
AU  - Warne, Matthew A
AU  - Aapro, Matti
AU  - Bisbe, Elvira
AU  - Perez-Calatayud, Angel A
AU  - Callum, Jeannie
AU  - Cushing, Melissa M
AU  - Dyer, Wayne B
AU  - Erhard, Jochen
AU  - Faraoni, David
AU  - Farmer, Shannon
AU  - Fedorova, Tatyana
AU  - Frank, Steven M
AU  - Froessler, Bernd
AU  - Gombotz, Hans
AU  - Gross, Irwin
AU  - Guinn, Nicole R
AU  - Haas, Thorsten
AU  - Hamdorf, Jeffrey
AU  - Isbister, James P
AU  - Javidroozi, Mazyar
AU  - Ji, Hongwen
AU  - Kim, Young-Woo
AU  - Kor, Daryl J
AU  - Kurz, Johann
AU  - Lasocki, Sigismond
AU  - Leahy, Michael F
AU  - Lee, Cheuk-Kwong
AU  - Lee, Jeong Jae
AU  - Louw, Vernon
AU  - Meier, Jens
AU  - Mezzacasa, Anna
AU  - Munoz, Manuel
AU  - Ozawa, Sherri
AU  - Pavesi, Marco
AU  - Shander, Nina
AU  - Spahn, Donat R
AU  - Spiess, Bruce D
AU  - Thomson, Jackie
AU  - Trentino, Kevin
AU  - Zenger, Christoph
AU  - Hofmann, Axel
AU  - Management, on behalf of the International Foundation of Patient Blood
AU  - Group., Society for the Advancement of Blood Management Work
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), the disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a pandemic. Global health care now faces unprecedented challenges with widespread and rapid human-to-human transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and high morbidity and mortality with COVID-19 worldwide. Across the world, the medical care is hampered by a critical shortage of not only hand sanitizers, personal protective equipment, ventilators and hospital beds, but also impediments to the blood supply. Blood donation centers in many areas around the globe have mostly closed. Donors, practicing social distancing, some either with illness or undergoing self-quarantine, are quickly diminishing. Drastic public health initiatives have focused on containment and “flattening the curve” while invaluable resources are being depleted. In some countries, the point is reached at which demand for such resources, including donor blood outstrips supply. Questions as to the safety of blood persist. Although it does not appear very likely that the virus can be transmitted through allogeneic blood transfusion, this still remains to be fully determined. As options dwindle, we must enact regional and national shortage plans worldwide, and more vitally disseminate the knowledge of and immediately implement Patient Blood Management (PBM). PBM is an evidence-based bundle of care to optimize medical and surgical patient outcomes by clinically managing and preserving a patient’s own blood. This multinational and diverse group of authors issue this “Call to Action” underscoring “The Essential Role of Patient Blood Management in the Management of Pandemics” and urging all stakeholders and providers to implement the practical and common-sense principles of PBM and its multi-professional and multimodality approaches. Funding Received for the Work: None Corresponding Author: Aryeh Shander, MD, Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Hyperbaric Medicine, Englewood Health, 350 Engle Street, Englewood, NJ 07631, USA. Tel: 201 894 3238, Fax: 201 894 0585, Email: aryeh.shander@ehmchealth.org © 2020 International Anesthesia Research Society
JO  - Anesthesia & Analgesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Publish Ahead of Print
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00000539-900000000-95719
DO  - 10.1213/ane.0000000000004844
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/anesthesia-analgesia/Fulltext/publishahead/The_Essential_Role_of_Patient_Blood_Management_in.95719.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: Hospitals can remove 15% cap on testing of NHS staff
AU  - Iacobucci, Gareth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - NHS hospitals have been told to remove the 15% cap on the proportion of tests for covid-19 infection that they allocate to staff, as the government strives to get more staff who are currently isolating back to work as quickly as possible. The move comes as the UK government faces mounting criticism over its inability to ramp up testing capacity quickly enough. As of 1 April the government said that there was capacity for testing 12 750 people a day—a fraction of the number being tested in other countries, such as Germany, which is testing around 70 000 people a day. On Friday the UK government announced that it was opening three new labs specifically …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1339-m1339
SP  - m1339
EP  - m1339
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1339
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1339
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: UK deaths are higher than previously reported, new data suggest
AU  - Iacobucci, Gareth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The number of UK deaths from covid-19 is higher than previously reported, show newly published figures that include people who have died outside of hospital. Backdated figures from the Office for National Statistics (ONS) show that 210 deaths involving covid-19 occurred in England and Wales by 20 March, 40 more than the 170 deaths reported by the government at that time.1 The ONS figures have a time lag in reporting when compared with the government’s figures because they are based on death certificates, which take a few days to prepare. But the ONS figures include people …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1330-m1330
SP  - m1330
EP  - m1330
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1330
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1330
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: US gives emergency approval to hydroxychloroquine despite lack of evidence
AU  - Lenzer, Jeanne
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The US Food and Drug Administration has authorized clinicians to prescribe chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine for patients admitted to hospital with covid-19, despite warnings from scientific advisers that no randomized controlled trial has been conducted to support the drugs’ safety and efficacy in this population. In the emergency use authorization issued on 28 March,1 the agency acknowledged that the approval was based on “limited in-vitro and anecdotal clinical data.” The FDA action followed President Trump’s statements at a press conference last week that hydroxychloroquine showed “tremendous promise” for patients with covid-19, adding, “I think it’s going to be great.”2 Trump cited a controversial French study of 20 patients published the previous day. Anthony Fauci, head of the National Institute for Allergies and Infectious Diseases at …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1335-m1335
SP  - m1335
EP  - m1335
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1335
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1335
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: death rate is 0.66% and increases with age, study estimates
AU  - Mahase, Elisabeth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The overall death rate from covid-19 has been estimated at 0.66%, rising sharply to 7.8% in people aged over 80 and declining to 0.0016% in children aged 9 and under.1 The estimates, calculated by researchers in the UK, used aggregate data on cases and deaths in mainland China. Unlike other estimates, however, they adjusted for undiagnosed cases and the number of people in each age group of a population. The team found that nearly one in five people over 80 infected with covid-19 would probably require hospital admission, compared with around 1% of people under 30. They also estimated that the average time …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1327-m1327
SP  - m1327
EP  - m1327
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1327
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1327
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: Use radiotherapy only if “unavoidable,” says NICE
AU  - Mahase, Elisabeth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Patients should be treated with radiotherapy only if it is “unavoidable,” and even then the “shortest safe form of treatment” should be used, rapid covid-19 guidance from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence has said. The guidance said that radiotherapy should be avoided if the evidence suggested that there would be “little to no benefit or if an alternative treatment is available” or should be …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1338-m1338
SP  - m1338
EP  - m1338
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1338
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1338
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - David Oliver: Covid-19 will make us stop some activities for good
AU  - Oliver, David
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As the saying goes, “necessity is the mother of invention.” With the global covid-19 pandemic, we’re seeing scientific evidence evolve quickly, new technologies develop, and real time, ever changing plans for epidemiology, public protection, and ensuring that health services remain viable.12 When, hopefully, we’re through the pandemic and have time to reflect, no doubt some practices will see a step change for the better. Our planning, preparedness, and understanding of transmission, protection, and treatment will have to change. Arguably, it was learning from the SARS pandemic that meant some South East Asian nations were better prepared for covid-19 and tackled it sooner.3 But what of the things we stop doing? After the pandemic passes, will we return to our old ways or be grateful for what we’ve learnt? In acute hospitals, we’re already moving to stop …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1148-m1148
SP  - m1148
EP  - m1148
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1148
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1148
NS  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: New York City deaths pass 1000 as Trump tells Americans to distance for 30 days
AU  - Tanne, Janice Hopkins
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - US President Donald Trump has told Americans to practise social distancing for another 30 days to mitigate the covid-19 pandemic and save lives. But he did not call for nationwide social distancing rules, saying that states might have individual situations.1 The US had 189 600 cases of covid-19 and 4000 deaths as of 10 am on 1 April, according to Johns Hopkins University.2 New York City, the hardest hit area, reported 41 771 cases with 1096 deaths and about 8500 people in hospital as of 31 March.3 About half of patients in hospital are aged under 50. A hospital ship with 1000 …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1333-m1333
SP  - m1333
EP  - m1333
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1333
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1333
NS  - 
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Handle the Autism Spectrum Condition During Coronavirus (COVID-19) Stay At Home period: Ten Tips for Helping Parents and Caregivers of Young Children
AU  - Narzisi, Antonio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>COVID-19 has become pandemic [...]</p>
JO  - Brain Sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 10
IS  - 4
PG  - 207-207
SP  - 207
EP  - 207
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/brainsci10040207
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/10/4/207
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 et personnes suivies pour un cancer du sein : recommandations françaises pour la pratique clinique de Nice-St Paul de Vence, en collaboration avec le Collège Nationale des Gynécologues et Obstétriciens Français (CNGOF), la Société d’Imagerie de la Femme (SIFEM), la Société Française de Chirurgie Oncologique (SFCO), la Société Française de Sénologie et Pathologie Mammaire (SFSPM) et le French Breast Cancer Intergroup-UNICANCER (UCBG)
AU  - Gligorov, Joseph
AU  - Bachelot, Thomas
AU  - Pierga, Jean-Yves
AU  - Antoine, Eric Charles
AU  - Balleyguier, Corinne
AU  - Barranger, Emmanuel
AU  - Belkacemi, Yazid
AU  - Bonnefoi, Hervé
AU  - Bidard, François-Clément
AU  - Ceugnart, Luc
AU  - Classe, Jean-Marc
AU  - Cottu, Paul
AU  - Coutant, Charles
AU  - Cutuli, Bruno
AU  - Dalenc, Florence
AU  - Darai, Emile
AU  - Dieras, Veronique
AU  - Dohollou, Nadine
AU  - Giacchetti, Sylvie
AU  - Goncalves, Anthony
AU  - Hardy-Bessard, Anne-Claire
AU  - Houvenaeghel, Gilles
AU  - Jacquin, Jean-Philippe
AU  - Jacot, William
AU  - Levy, Christelle
AU  - Mathelin, Carole
AU  - Nizan, Israel
AU  - Poncelet, Edouard
AU  - Rivera, Sofia
AU  - Rouzier, Roman
AU  - Scotté, Florian
AU  - Petit, Thierry
AU  - Zelek, Laurent
AU  - Spielmann, Marc
AU  - Penault-Llorca, Frédérique
AU  - Namer, Moise
AU  - Delaloge, Suzette
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Bulletin du Cancer
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bulcan.2020.03.008
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0007455120301594
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Options thérapeutiques de prise en charge des sarcomes durant la pandémie COVID-19 : propositions du Groupe Sarcome Français
AU  - Penel, Nicolas
AU  - Bonvalot, Sylvie
AU  - Minard, Véronique
AU  - Orbach, Daniel
AU  - Gouin, François
AU  - Corradini, Nadège
AU  - Brahmi, Mehdi
AU  - Marec-Berard, Perrine
AU  - Briand, Sylvain
AU  - Gaspar, Nathalie
AU  - Llacer, Carmen
AU  - Carrere, Sébastien
AU  - Dufresne, Armelle
AU  - Le Cesne, Axel
AU  - Blay, Jean-Yves
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Bulletin du Cancer
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bulcan.2020.03.009
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0007455120301600
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Considérations pratiques pour laréalisation de l’anesthésie régionale: les leçons tirées de la pandémie de COVID-19
AU  - Lie, S. A.
AU  - Wong, S. W.
AU  - Wong, L. T.
AU  - Wong, T. G. L.
AU  - Chong, S. Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12630-020-01637-0
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L631340342 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12630-020-01637-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Health scare
AU  - Chemistry
AU  - Industry
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Chemistry & Industry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 84
IS  - 3
PG  - 4-4
SP  - 4
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/cind.843_2.x
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/cind.843_2.x
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Effects of sample processing modes on high-throughput sequencing of coronavirus whole genome
AU  - Chen, J.
AU  - Zhang, Y.
AU  - Niu, P.
AU  - Lu, R.
AU  - Zhu, N.
AU  - Fan, H.
AU  - Tan, W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To study the effects of different pre-sequencing sample processing modes on the results of whole genome sequencing with high-throughput sequencing (HTS) by taking the largest RNA virus (human coronavirus, HCoV) as the representative. Methods: Cell-cultured human coronavirus HCoV-OC43 strains were used as the representative samples and divided into different groups based on pre-sequencing processing modes as follows: untreated group, DNase and RNase treatment before nucleic acid extraction group, DNase treatment after nucleic acid extraction group, and DNase and RNase treatment before nucleic acid extraction and DNase treatment after nucleic acid extraction group. Nucleic acid samples of each group were analyzed by direct RNA sequencing (without amplification) and DNA sequencing after sequence independent single primer amplification (SISPA), respectively. Results: No significant difference in viral genome coverage rates was observed between different groups. The highest genome coverage and sequencing accuracy were obtained in DNase treatment after nucleic acid extraction group by direct RNA sequencing, and the ratio of viral reads and the sequencing depth of each locus were effectively improved by SISPA amplification. Conclusions: This study provided an optimized technical strategy for whole genome sequencing of RNA viruses such as coronavirus.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Microbiology and Immunology (China)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 40
IS  - 2
PG  - 103-109
SP  - 103
EP  - 109
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112309-20191011-00322
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005417064 http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112309-20191011-00322
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Progress in cross-species transmission of human coronaviruses (HCoVs)
AU  - Cheng, Y.
AU  - Cao, X.
AU  - Qin, L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronaviruses (CoVs) are a group of ancient and common viruses, posing a severe threat to the health of humans and other animals. Currently, seven human CoVs (HCoVs) have been identified. They are all animal-derived zoonotic pathogens that jump the species barrier from their natural host animals to humans in a direct or indirect manner and lead to interpersonal transmission. The receptor binding domain (RBD) on the S1 subunit of CoV spike (S) protein is one of the key factors determining the cross-species transmission and the invasion potential. This review summarized and analyzed the transmission modes of seven HCoVs and the available structures of HCoV-RBD that mediated the cross-species transmission in order to better understanding the mechanism of CoV cross-species transmission and providing valuable knowledge in response to the potential cross-species transmission of novel CoVs in the future.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Microbiology and Immunology (China)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 40
IS  - 2
PG  - 146-153
SP  - 146
EP  - 153
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112309-20200209-00054
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005417071 http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112309-20200209-00054
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recommended prophylactic and management strategies for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection in transplant recipients
AU  - Ju, C. R.
AU  - Lian, Q. Y.
AU  - Zhang, J. H.
AU  - Qiu, T.
AU  - Cai, Z. T.
AU  - Jiang, W. Y.
AU  - Zhang, J.
AU  - Cheng, Q.
AU  - Chen, G.
AU  - Li, N.
AU  - Wang, C. Y.
AU  - He, J. X.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, increasing attention has been paid to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) epidemic in Wuhan, China. SARS-CoV-2 primarily invades the respiratory tract and lungs, leading to pneumonia and other systemic disorders. The effect of SARS-CoV-2 in transplant recipients has raised significant concerns, especially because there is a large population of transplant recipients in China. Based on the current epidemic situation, this study reviewed publications on this virus and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), analyzed common features of respiratory viral pneumonias, and presented the currently reported clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in transplant recipients to improve strategies regarding the diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 in this special population.
JO  - Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.cdtm.2020.02.003
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005408748 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cdtm.2020.02.003
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Guidance for Cardiac Electrophysiology During the Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic from the Heart Rhythm Society COVID-19 Task Force; Electrophysiology Section of the American College of Cardiology; and the Electrocardiography and Arrhythmias Committee of the Council on Clinical Cardiology, American Heart Association
AU  - Lakkireddy, Dhanunjaya R.
AU  - Chung, Mina K.
AU  - Gopinathannair, Rakesh
AU  - Patton, Kristen K.
AU  - Gluckman, Ty J.
AU  - Turagam, Mohit
AU  - Cheung, Jim
AU  - Patel, Parin
AU  - Sotomonte, Juan
AU  - Lampert, Rachel
AU  - Han, Janet K.
AU  - Rajagopalan, Bharath
AU  - Eckhardt, Lee
AU  - Joglar, Jose
AU  - Sandau, Kristin
AU  - Olshansky, Brian
AU  - Wan, Elaine
AU  - Noseworthy, Peter A.
AU  - Leal, Miguel
AU  - Kaufman, Elizabeth
AU  - Gutierrez, Alejandra
AU  - Marine, Joseph M.
AU  - Wang, Paul J.
AU  - Russo, Andrea M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Covid-19 is a global pandemic that is wreaking havoc with the health and economy of much of human civilization. Electrophysiologists have been impacted personally and professionally by this global catastrophe. In this joint document from representatives of the HRS, ACC and AHA we identify the potential risks of exposure to patients, allied health care staff, industry representatives and hospital administrators. We describe the impact of COVID-19 on cardiac arrhythmias and methods of triage based on acuity and patient comorbidities. We provide guidance for managing invasive and non-invasive electrophysiology procedures, clinic visits and cardiac device interrogations. We discuss resource conservation and the role of tele-medicine in remote patient care along with management strategies for affected patients.
JO  - Heart Rhythm
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrthm.2020.03.028
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1547527120302897
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - In reply to Simcock et al
AU  - Stefano Maria, Magrini
AU  - Rosario, Mazzola
AU  - Diana, Greco
AU  - Filippo, Alongi
AU  - Michela, Buglione
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical and Translational Radiation Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctro.2020.03.011
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405630820300240
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Working Together to Meet the Needs of Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
AU  - Brenner, Erica J.
AU  - Kappelman, Michael D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2020.03.055
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1542356520304328
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Potential effect of blood purification therapy in reducing cytokine storm as a late complication of severe COVID-19
AU  - Ma, Jie
AU  - Xia, Peng
AU  - Zhou, Yangzhong
AU  - Liu, Zhengyin
AU  - Zhou, Xiang
AU  - Wang, Jinglan
AU  - Li, Taisheng
AU  - Yan, Xiaowei
AU  - Chen, Limeng
AU  - Zhang, Shuyang
AU  - Qin, Yan
AU  - Li, Xuemei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical Immunology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 108408-108408
SP  - 108408
EP  - 108408
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clim.2020.108408
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1521661620302291
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Treatment approach in locally advanced rectal cancer during Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic: long course or short course?
AU  - De Felice, F.
AU  - Petrucciani, N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract In this document, we briefly share the strategies and actions for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer to face the challenges of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
JO  - Colorectal Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/codi.15058
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/codi.15058
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Respiratory rehabilitation in elderly patients with COVID-19: A randomized controlled study
AU  - Liu, Kai
AU  - Zhang, Weitong
AU  - Yang, Yadong
AU  - Zhang, Jingpeng
AU  - Li, Yunqian
AU  - Chen, Ying
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background Different degrees of disorders are reported in respiratory function, physical function and psychological function in patients with corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19), especially in elderly patients. With the experience of improved and discharged COVID-19 patients, timely respiratory rehabilitation intervention may improve prognosis, maximize functional preservation and improve quality of life (QoL), but there lacks of studies worldwide exploring the outcome of this intervention. Objective To investigate the effects of 6-week respiratory rehabilitation training on respiratory function, QoL, mobility and psychological function in elderly patients with COVID-19. Methods This paper reported the findings of an observational, prospective, quasi-experimental study, which totally recruited 72 participants, of which 36 patients underwent respiratory rehabilitation and the rest without any rehabilitation intervention. The following outcomes were measured: pulmonary function tests including plethysmography and diffusing lung capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO), functional tests (6-min walk distance test), Quality of life (QoL) assessments (SF-36 scores), activities of daily living (Functional Independence Measure, FIM scores), and mental status tests (SAS anxiety and SDS depression scores). Results After 6 weeks of respiratory rehabilitation in the intervention group, there disclosed significant differences in FEV1(L), FVC(L), FEV1/FVC%, DLCO% and 6-min walk test. The SF-36 scores, in 8 dimensions, were statistically significant within the intervention group and between the two groups. SAS and SDS scores in the intervention group decreased after the intervention, but only anxiety had significant statistical significance within and between the two groups. Conclusions Six-week respiratory rehabilitation can improve respiratory function, QoL and anxiety of elderly patients with COVID-19, but it has little significant improvement on depression in the elderly.
JO  - Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101166-101166
SP  - 101166
EP  - 101166
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctcp.2020.101166
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1744388120304278
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Traditional Chinese Medicine treatment of COVID-19
AU  - Xu, Jia
AU  - Zhang, Yunfei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A new kind of Pneumonia caused by new corona virus has been widespread in China since winter of 2019. No effective treatment for this disease was verified, so the morbidity and mortality rate were supposed higher than flu. The Traditional Chinese Medicine is widely used in clinical practice in China, but many other countries of the world to deal with diseases that remain clinically challenging.
JO  - Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101165-101165
SP  - 101165
EP  - 101165
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctcp.2020.101165
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1744388120303066
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19 in China: ten critical issues for intensive care medicine
AU  - Li, Li
AU  - Gong, Shijin
AU  - Yan, Jing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Critical Care
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 24
IS  - 1
PG  - 124-124
SP  - 124
EP  - 124
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s13054-020-02848-z
UR  - https://ccforum.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13054-020-02848-z
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Fast reshaping of intensive care unit facilities in a large metropolitan hospital in Milan, Italy: facing the COVID-19 pandemic emergency
AU  - Zangrillo, Alberto
AU  - Beretta, Luigi
AU  - Silvani, Paolo
AU  - Colombo, Sergio
AU  - Scandroglio, Anna Mara
AU  - Dell’Acqua, Antonio
AU  - Fominskiy, Evgeny
AU  - Landoni, Giovanni
AU  - Monti, Giacomo
AU  - Azzolini, Maria Luisa
AU  - Monaco, Fabrizio
AU  - Oriani, Alessandro
AU  - Belleti, Alessandro
AU  - Sartorelli, Marianna
AU  - Pallanch, Ottavia
AU  - Saleh, Omar
AU  - Sartini, Chiara
AU  - Nardelli, Pasquale
AU  - Lombardi, Gaetano
AU  - Morselli, Federica
AU  - Scquizzato, Tommaso
AU  - Frontera, Antonio
AU  - Ruggeri, Annalisa
AU  - Scotti, Raffaella
AU  - Assanelli, Andrea
AU  - Dagna, Lorenzo
AU  - Rovere-Querini, Patrizia
AU  - Castagna, Antonella
AU  - Scarpellini, Paolo
AU  - Di Napoli, Davide
AU  - Ambrosio, Alberto
AU  - Ciceri, Fabio
AU  - Tresoldi, Moreno
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - At the end of 2019, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak spread from China all around the world, causing thousands of deaths. In Italy, the hardest hit region was Lombardy, with the first reported case on 20 February 2020. San Raffaele Scientific Institute — a large tertiary hospital and research centre in Milan, Italy — was immediately involved in the management of the public health emergency. Since the beginning of the outbreak, the elective surgical activity of the hospital was rapidly reduced and large areas of the hospital were simultaneously reorganised to admit and assist patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In addition, the hospital became the regional referral hub for cardiovascular emergencies in order to keep ensuring a high level of health care to non-COVID-19 patients in northern Italy. In a few days, a COVID-19 emergency department was created, improving the general ward capacity to a total number of 279 beds dedicated to patients with COVID-19. Moreover, the number of intensive care unit (ICU) beds was increased from 28 to 72 (54 of them dedicated to patients with COVID-19, and 18 to cardiology and cardiac surgery hub emergencies), both converting pre-existing areas and creating new high technology spaces. All the involved health care personnel were rapidly trained to use personal protection equipment and to manage this particular category of patients both in general wards and ICUs. Furthermore, besides clinical activities, continuously important research projects were carried out in order to find new strategies and more effective therapies to better face an unprecedented health emergency in Italy.
JO  - Critical care and resuscitation : journal of the Australasian Academy of Critical Care Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mitteilungen der DGIM
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Der Internist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 61
IS  - 4
PG  - 400-410
SP  - 400
EP  - 410
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00108-020-00778-0
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00108-020-00778-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - WHAT DOES ANDROGENETIC ALOPECIA HAVE TO DO WITH COVID-19? AN INSIGHT INTO A POTENTIAL NEW THERAPY
AU  - Goren, A.
AU  - Mc Coy, J.
AU  - Wambier, C. G.
AU  - Vano-Galvan, S.
AU  - Shapiro, J.
AU  - Dhurat, R.
AU  - Washenik, K.
AU  - Lotti, T.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Dermatologic Therapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - e13365-e13365
SP  - e13365
EP  - e13365
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/dth.13365
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/dth.13365
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Interventional radiology and COVID-19: evidence-based measures to limit transmission
AU  - Chandy, Poornima Elizabeth
AU  - Nasir, Muhammad Umer
AU  - Srinivasan, Sivasubramanian
AU  - Klass, Darren
AU  - Nicolaou, Savvas
AU  - Babu, Suresh B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As we face an explosion of COVID-19 cases and deal with an unprecedented set of circumstances all over the world, healthcare personnel are at the forefront, dealing with this emerging scenario. Certain subspecialties like interventional radiology entails a greater risk of acquiring and transmitting infection due to the close patient contact and invasive patient care the service provides. This makes it imperative to develop and set guidelines in place to limit transmission and utilize resources in an optimal fashion. A multi-tiered approach needs to be devised and monitored at the administrative level, taking into account the various staff and patient contact points. Based on these factors, work site and health force rearrangements need to be in place while enforcing segregation and disinfection parameters. We are putting forth an all-encompassing review of infection control measures that cover the dynamics of patient care and staff protocols that such a situation demands of an interventional department.
JO  - Diagnostic and interventional radiology (Ankara, Turkey)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.5152/dir.2020.20166
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How imaging should properly be used in COVID-19 outbreak: an Italian experience
AU  - Sverzellati, Nicola
AU  - Milone, Francesca
AU  - Balbi, Maurizio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Diagnostic and interventional radiology (Ankara, Turkey)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.5152/dir.2020.30320
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Blockchain and Artificial Intelligence Technology for Novel Coronavirus Disease-19 Self-Testing
AU  - Mashamba-Thompson, Tivani P.
AU  - Crayton, Ellen Debra
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>The novel coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) is rapidly spreading with a rising death toll and transmission rate reported in high income countries rather than in low income countries. The overburdened healthcare systems and poor disease surveillance systems in resource-limited settings may struggle to cope with this COVID-19 outbreak and this calls for a tailored strategic response for these settings. Here, we recommend a low cost blockchain and artificial intelligence-coupled self-testing and tracking systems for COVID-19 and other emerging infectious diseases. Prompt deployment and appropriate implementation of the proposed system have the potential to curb the transmissions of COVID-19 and the related mortalities, particularly in settings with poor access to laboratory infrastructure.</p>
JO  - Diagnostics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 10
IS  - 4
PG  - 198-198
SP  - 198
EP  - 198
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/diagnostics10040198
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/10/4/198
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemiological Features of 135 Patients with Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) in Tianjin, China
AU  - Cao, Chunxia
AU  - Li, Yue
AU  - Liu, Shuyu
AU  - Fan, Haojun
AU  - Hao, Liangchen
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - ObjectiveTo describe the epidemiologic features of an outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Tianjin caused by a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) and to provide scientific basis for prevention and control measures.MethodsData from COVID-19 cases were collected from daily notifications given to the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China and Tianjin Health Committee. All of the data were analyzed with SPSS version 24.0 software.ResultsAs of February 24, 2020, there have been 135 confirmed cases, 3 deaths, and 87 recoveries in Tianjin, China. The incidence of COVID-19 was 8.65/1,000,000 with a 2.22% case fatality rate. Regarding geographic distribution, the incidence was 8.82 per 1,000,000 in urban areas and 8.00 per 1,000,000 in suburbs. During the early stage of the epidemic, most cases came from urban areas and in patients with a history of sojourning in Hubei Province. The majority of patients were 31–70 years old (75.97%). A familial cluster was the most important characteristic of COVID-19 (accounting for 74.81%).ConclusionsCurrent information suggests that people are generally susceptible to COVID-19, which has shown a familial cluster in Tianjin.
JO  - Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-9
SP  - 1
EP  - 9
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/dmp.2020.63
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/epidemiological-features-of-135-patients-with-coronavirus-disease-covid19-in-tianjin-china/4B6232C2E08A1BE7486BA8FE173C4900
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How to surge to face SARS-CoV-2 outbreak. Lessons learned from Lumbardy, Italy
AU  - Faccincani, Roberto
AU  - Pascucci, Federico
AU  - Lennquist, Sten
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - Italy is fighting against one of the worst medical emergency since the 1918 Spanish Flu. Pressure on the hospitals is tremendous as for official data on March 14th: 8372 admitted in hospitals, 1518 in ICU, 1441 deaths (175 more than the day before). Unfortunately hospitals are not prepared: even where a plan for massive influx of patients is present, it usually focuses on sudden onset disaster trauma victims (the most probable case scenario), and it has not been tested, validated or propagated to the staff. Despite this, the All Hazards Approach (AHA) for management of major incidents and disasters is still valid and the “4S” theory for surge capacity can guide to respond to this disaster.
JO  - Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-7
SP  - 1
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/dmp.2020.64
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/how-to-surge-to-face-sarscov2-outbreak-lessons-learned-from-lumbardy-italy/BC0C5DDF2280EBF6FA8C792E88965C0E
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 treatment by repurposing drugs until the vaccine is in sight
AU  - Phadke, Mrudula
AU  - Saunik, Sujata
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Corona virus disease (COVID-19) has created pandemic in the world as declared by WHO on March 12, 2020. It is a viral disease caused by SARS-CoV 2 virus and has affected large populations in over 120 countries. There is no specific treatment available and management is empirical. Until such time that an effective vaccine is available for COVID-19 viral infection, one can repurpose known therapeutic drug molecules such as angiotensin receptor 2 blocker, a commonly used antihypertensive drug, to control COVID-19 virus from gaining entry into the host cell by blocking the angiotensin receptor. Clinical trials should also be undertaken to use statins, which are lipid-lowering drugs but have anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties to prevent acute lung injury in COVID-19 infection.
JO  - Drug development research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/ddr.21666
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Unknown unknowns – COVID-19 and potential global mortality
AU  - Grech, Victor
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) is currently a global pandemic. This paper will attempt to estimate global infection rates and potential resultant mortality in the absence of effective treatment and/or vaccination. Calculations are based on World Health Organisation data from Wuhan in China: 14% of infected cases are severe, 5% require intensive care and 4% die. Estimated infection rates and mortality rates at the level of continents and some individual countries (when these are of sufficient size) are tabulated. This pandemic may cause close to half a billion deaths, i.e. 6% of the global population – and potentially more. At the risk of sounding sensational, but with a sober sense of realism, healthcare risks being plunged into the Middle-Ages if the public do not do their part. Infection cannot occur in the absence of contact. The only way to mitigate these numbers is to apply social distancing and take the standard precautions so frequently reiterated by Public Health: hand washing, avoid touching the face and so on. These measures are crucial as the human cost is going to be unthinkable even in the best-case scenarios that epidemiologists are modelling.
JO  - Early Human Development
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 105026-105026
SP  - 105026
EP  - 105026
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2020.105026
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378378220301973
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) by the numbers
AU  - Bar-On, Yinon M.
AU  - Flamholz, Avi
AU  - Phillips, Rob
AU  - Milo, Ron
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is a harsh reminder of the fact that, whether in a single human host or a wave of infection across continents, viral dynamics is often a story about the numbers. In this snapshot, our aim is to provide a one-stop, curated graphical source for the key numbers that help us understand the virus driving our current global crisis. The discussion is framed around two broad themes: 1) the biology of the virus itself and 2) the characteristics of the infection of a single human host. Our one-page summary provides the key numbers pertaining to SARS-CoV-2, based mostly on peer-reviewed literature. The numbers reported in summary format are substantiated by the annotated references below. Readers are urged to remember that much uncertainty remains and knowledge of this pandemic and the virus driving it is rapidly evolving. In the paragraphs below we provide 'back of the envelope' calculations that exemplify the insights that can be gained from knowing some key numbers and using quantitative logic. These calculations serve to improve our intuition through sanity checks, but do not replace detailed epidemiological analysis.
JO  - eLife
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7554/eLife.57309
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Asymptomatic and Human-to-Human Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in a 2-Family Cluster, Xuzhou, China
AU  - Li, Chunyang
AU  - Ji, Fang
AU  - Wang, Liang
AU  - Wang, Liping
AU  - Hao, Jungui
AU  - Dai, Mingjia
AU  - Liu, Yan
AU  - Pan, Xiucheng
AU  - Fu, Juanjuan
AU  - Li, Li
AU  - Yang, Guangde
AU  - Yang, Jianye
AU  - Yan, Xuebing
AU  - Gu, Bing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We report epidemiologic, laboratory, and clinical findings for 7 patients with 2019 novel coronavirus disease in a 2-family cluster. Our study confirms asymptomatic and human-to-human transmission through close contacts in familial and hospital settings. These findings might also serve as a practical reference for clinical diagnosis and medical treatment.
JO  - Emerging infectious diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 26
IS  - 7
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3201/eid2607.200718
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Policy Decisions and Use of Information Technology to Fight 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease, Taiwan
AU  - Lin, Cheryl
AU  - Braund, Wendy E.
AU  - Auerbach, John
AU  - Chou, Jih-Haw
AU  - Teng, Ju-Hsiu
AU  - Tu, Pikuei
AU  - Mullen, Jewel
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Because of its proximity to and frequent travelers to and from China, Taiwan faces complex challenges in preventing 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19). As soon as China reported the unidentified outbreak to the World Health Organization on December 31, 2019, Taiwan assembled a taskforce and began health checks onboard flights from Wuhan. Taiwan's rapid implementation of disease prevention measures helped detect and isolate the country's first COVID-19 case on January 20, 2020. Laboratories in Taiwan developed 4-hour test kits and isolated 2 strains of the coronavirus before February. Taiwan effectively delayed and contained community transmission by leveraging experience from the 2003 severe acute respiratory syndrome outbreak, prevalent public awareness, a robust public health network, support from healthcare industries, cross-departmental collaborations, and advanced information technology capacity. We analyze use of the National Health Insurance database and critical policy decisions made by Taiwan's government during the first 50 days of the COVID-19 outbreak.
JO  - Emerging infectious diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 26
IS  - 7
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3201/eid2607.200574
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Diagnosis and clinical management of severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection: an operational recommendation of Peking Union Medical College Hospital (V2.0): Working Group of 2019 Novel Coronavirus, Peking Union Medical College Hospital
AU  - Li, T.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, China has been experiencing an outbreak of a new infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The clinical features include fever, coughing, shortness of breath, and inflammatory lung infiltration. China rapidly listed SARS-CoV-2-related pneumonia as a statutory infectious disease. To standardize the diagnosis and treatment of this new infectious disease, an operational recommendation for the diagnosis and management of SARS-CoV-2 infection is developed by Peking Union Medical College Hospital.
JO  - Emerging Microbes and Infections
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
PG  - 582-585
SP  - 582
EP  - 585
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/22221751.2020.1735265
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2004448569 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2020.1735265
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Cardiologist at the time of Coronavirus: a perfect storm
AU  - Rapezzi, Claudio
AU  - Ferrari, Roberto
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Heart Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 13
PG  - 1320-1322
SP  - 1320
EP  - 1322
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa233
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/article/41/13/1320/5814231
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - European Society For Emergency Medicine position paper on emergency medical systems response to COVID-19
AU  - Garcia-Castrillo, Luis
AU  - Petrino, Roberta
AU  - Leach, Robert
AU  - Dodt, Christoph
AU  - Behringer, Wilhelm
AU  - Khoury, Abdo
AU  - Sabbe, Marc
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The 2019 novel coronavirus acute respiratory epidemic is creating a stressed situation in all the health systems of the affected countries. Emergency medical systems and specifically the emergency departments as the front line of the health systems are suffering from overload and severe working conditions, the risk of contagion and transmission of the health professionals adds a substantial burden to their daily work. Under the perspective of European Society For Emergency Medicine, the recommendations provided by the health authorities are reviewed focus on the emergency department’s activity. Received 9 March 2020 Accepted 12 March 2020 Correspondence to Luis Garcia-Castrillo, PhD, Emergency Department, Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, Avd Valdecillasn, 39008 Santander, Cantabria, Spain. E-mail: castrillo@lgcasthealthresearch.org Copyright © 2020 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
JO  - European Journal of Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Publish Ahead of Print
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00063110-900000000-99111
DO  - 10.1097/mej.0000000000000701
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/euro-emergencymed/Fulltext/publishahead/European_Society_For_Emergency_Medicine_position.99111.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Have a heart during the COVID-19 crisis: Making the case for cardiac rehabilitation in the face of an ongoing pandemic
AU  - Yeo, Tee Joo
AU  - Wang, Yi-Ting Laureen
AU  - Low, Ting Ting
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Journal of Preventive Cardiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 2047487320915665-2047487320915665
SP  - 2047487320915665
EP  - 2047487320915665
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/2047487320915665
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1177/2047487320915665
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health and implications for clinical practice
AU  - Fiorillo, Andrea
AU  - Gorwood, Philip
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2020.35
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/consequences-of-the-covid19-pandemic-on-mental-health-and-implications-for-clinical-practice/E2826D643255F9D51896673F205ABF28
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Immune-epidemiological parameters of the novel coronavirus – a perspective
AU  - Saghazadeh, Amene
AU  - Rezaei, Nima
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Introduction: At the end of 2019, Wuhan, a city in China with a population of about 11 million, witnessed the outbreak of unusual pneumonia. As of March 29, 2020, the disease has spread to more 199 countries and territories worldwide. The 2019 novel coronavirus, 2019-nCoV, is known as the probable causative agent of the illness. Areas covered: Here, the epidemiological dynamics of the disease that stand in close relation to distinct immunogenetic characters of the pathogen are discussed, to understand the ability and inability of the immune system in combatting the 2019-nCoV infection. Expert opinion: The elderly population is at increased risk of developing and dying from the 2019-nCoV infection. Comorbidity is present in more than 30% of cases infected with the 2019-nCoV. Except for less than 1% of the total, a chronic condition has been found in all cases that died from 2019-nCoV. Men are more than 1.5 times more likely to die from the 2019-nCoV disease. Evidence links aging to cytokine dysregulation and T-cell repertoire reduction, male population to relatively reduced anti-viral immunity, and 2019-nCoV-related comorbidities to hyper inflammation. The transmission of 2019-nCoV is influenced by the host-related factors that are known to be associated with immune dysregulation.
JO  - Expert Review of Clinical Immunology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - null-null
SP  - null
EP  - null
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/1744666X.2020.1750954
UR  - https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/1744666X.2020.1750954
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel coronavirus in a 15-day-old neonate with clinical signs of sepsis, a case report
AU  - Kamali Aghdam, Mojtaba
AU  - Jafari, Nahid
AU  - Eftekhari, Kambiz
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Introduction: Novel coronavirus or coronavirus disease (COVID-19) can affect all age groups. The clinical course of the disease in children and infants is milder than in adults. It should be noted that, although typical symptoms may be present in children, non-specific symptoms could be noted in the neonate. The disease is rare in the neonate, so, its suspicion in this group can help to make a quick diagnose. Case report: A 15-day-old neonate was admitted with fever, lethargy, cutaneous mottling, and respiratory distress without cough. His mother had symptoms of Novel coronavirus. So Reverse-Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) assay was done for the neonate and showed to be positive. The newborn was isolated and subjected to supportive care. Antibiotic and antiviral treatment was initiated. Eventually, the baby was discharged in good general condition. Conclusion: When a newborn presents with non-specific symptoms of infection with an added history of COVID-19 in his/her parents, it indicates the need for PCR testing for Novel coronavirus.
JO  - Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/23744235.2020.1747634
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/23744235.2020.1747634
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 pandemics: The lack of critical reflection addressing short- and long-term challenges
AU  - Correia, Tiago
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The International Journal of Health Planning and Management
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/hpm.2977
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/hpm.2977
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The COVID-19 pandemic calls for spatial distancing and social closeness: not for social distancing!
AU  - Abel, Thomas
AU  - McQueen, David
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International Journal of Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-1
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00038-020-01366-7
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00038-020-01366-7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The outbreak of COVID-19 coronavirus and its impact on global mental health
AU  - Torales, Julio
AU  - O’Higgins, Marcelo
AU  - Castaldelli-Maia, João Mauricio
AU  - Ventriglio, Antonio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background:The current outbreak of COVID-19 coronavirus infection among humans in Wuhan (China) and its spreading around the globe is heavily impacting on the global health and mental health. Despite all resources employed to counteract the spreading of the virus, additional global strategies are needed to handle the related mental health issues.Methods:Published articles concerning mental health related to the COVID-19 outbreak and other previous global infections have been considered and reviewed.Comments:This outbreak is leading to additional health problems such as stress, anxiety, depressive symptoms, insomnia, denial, anger and fear globally. Collective concerns influence daily behaviors, economy, prevention strategies and decision-making from policy makers, health organizations and medical centers, which can weaken strategies of COVID-19 control and lead to more morbidity and mental health needs at global level.
JO  - International Journal of Social Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 0020764020915212-0020764020915212
SP  - 0020764020915212
EP  - 0020764020915212
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/0020764020915212
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1177/0020764020915212
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - In Italy, the unexpected pandemic of Covid 19 has caused a never seen before the disaster in terms of hospitalizations and deaths
AU  - Indolfi, Ciro
AU  - Spaccarotella, Carmen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JACC: Case Reports
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaccas.2020.03.012
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666084920303296
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Medical Student Education in the Time of COVID-19
AU  - Rose, Suzanne
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.5227
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Humans, Viruses, and the Eye-An Early Report From the COVID-19 Front Line
AU  - Sommer, Alfred
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA ophthalmology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2020.1294
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Surgical Considerations for Tracheostomy During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Lessons Learned From the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Outbreak
AU  - Tay, Joshua K.
AU  - Khoo, Mark Li-Chung
AU  - Loh, Woei Shyang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA otolaryngology-- head & neck surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jamaoto.2020.0764
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Characteristics and Early Prognosis of COVID-19 Infection in Fracture Patients
AU  - Mi, Bobin
AU  - Chen, Lang
AU  - Xiong, Yuan
AU  - Xue, Hang
AU  - Zhou, Wu
AU  - Liu, Guohui
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background: Studies of the novel coronavirus-induced disease COVID-19 in Wuhan, China, have elucidated the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of this disease in the general population. The present investigation summarizes the clinical characteristics and early prognosis of COVID-19 infection in a cohort of patients with fractures. Methods: Data on 10 patients with a fracture and COVID-19 were collected from 8 different hospitals located in the Hubei province from January 1, 2020, to February 27, 2020. Analyses of early prognosis were based on clinical outcomes and trends in laboratory results during treatment. Results: All 10 patients presented with limited activity related to the fracture. The most common signs were fever, cough, and fatigue at the time of presentation (7 patients each). Other, less common signs included sore throat (4 patients), dyspnea (5 patients), chest pain (1 patient), nasal congestion (1 patient), headache (1 patient), dizziness (3 patients), abdominal pain (1 patient), and vomiting (1 patient). Lymphopenia (<1.0 × 109 cells/L) was identified in 6 of 10 patients, 9 of 9 patients had a high serum level of D-dimer, and 9 of 9 patients had a high level of C-reactive protein. Three patients underwent surgery, whereas the others were managed nonoperatively because of their compromised status. Four patients died on day 8 (3 patients) or day 14 (1 patient) after admission. The clinical outcomes for the surviving patients are not yet determined. Conclusions: The clinical characteristics and early prognosis of COVID-19 in patients with fracture tended to be more severe than those reported for adult patients with COVID-19 without fracture. This finding may be related to the duration between the development of symptoms and presentation. Surgical treatment should be carried out cautiously or nonoperative care should be chosen for patients with fracture in COVID-19-affected areas, especially older individuals with intertrochanteric fractures. Level of Evidence: Prognostic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence. Email address for W. Zhou: wuzhoutjmu1986@163.com Email address for Y. Xiong: xiongyuanmed@163.com Email address for G. Liu: liuguohui@hust.edu.cn * Bobin Mi, MD, PhD, and Lang Chen, MD, contributed equally to this work. Investigation performed at the Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China Disclosure: This work was supported by the National Science Foundation of China (No. 81772345), National Key Research & Development Program of China (No. 2018YFC2001502, 2018YFB1105705), National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China (No. ZX-01-018, ZX-01-C2016153), and the Health Commission of Hubei Province (No. WJ2019Z009). The Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest forms are provided with the online version of the article (http://links.lww.com/JBJS/F820). Copyright 2020 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Incorporated
JO  - JBJS
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Latest Articles
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00004623-900000000-99799
DO  - 10.2106/jbjs.20.00390
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/jbjsjournal/Fulltext/latest/Characteristics_and_Early_Prognosis_of_COVID_19.99799.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel Coronavirus COVID-19: Current Evidence and Evolving Strategies
AU  - Vannabouathong, Christopher
AU  - Devji, Tahira
AU  - Ekhtiari, Seper
AU  - Chang, Yaping
AU  - Phillips, Steven A.
AU  - Zhu, Meng
AU  - Chagla, Zain
AU  - Main, Cheryl
AU  - Bhandari, Mohit
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JBJS
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Latest Articles
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00004623-900000000-99797
DO  - 10.2106/jbjs.20.00396
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/jbjsjournal/Fulltext/latest/Novel_Coronavirus_COVID_19__Current_Evidence_and.99797.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How to reduce the likelihood of coronavirus-19 (CoV-19 or SARS-CoV-2) infection and lung inflammation mediated by IL-1
AU  - Conti, P.
AU  - Gallenga, C. E.
AU  - Tetè, G.
AU  - Caraffa, Al
AU  - Ronconi, G.
AU  - Younes, A.
AU  - Toniato, E.
AU  - Ross, R.
AU  - Kritas, S. K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - SARS-CoV-2, also referred to as CoV-19, is an RNA virus which can cause severe acute respiratory diseases (COVID-19), with serious infection of the lower respiratory tract followed by bronchitis, pneumonia and fibrosis. The severity of the disease depends on the efficiency of the immune system which, if it is weak, cannot stem the infection and its symptoms. The new CoV-19 spreads in the population at a rate of 0.8-3% more than normal flu and mostly affects men, since immune genes are more expressed on the X chromosome. If CoV-19 would spread with a higher incidence rate (over 10%), and affect the people who live in closed communities such as islands, it would cause many more deaths. Moreover, people from the poorest classes are most at risk because of lack of health care and should be given more assistance by the competent authorities. To avoid the aggravation of CoV-19 infection, and the collapse of the health system, individuals should remain at home in quarantine for a period of approximately one month in order to limit viral transmission. In the case of a pandemic, the severe shortage of respirators and protective clothing, due to the enormous demand and insufficient production, could lead the CoV-19 to kill a large number of individuals. At present, there is no drug capable of treating CoV-19 flu, the only therapeutic remedies are those aimed at the side effects caused by the virus, such as inflammation and pulmonary fibrosis, recognized as the first causes of death. One of the COVID-19 treatments involves inhaling a mixture of gaseous hydrogen and oxygen, obtaining better results than with oxygen alone. It was also noted that individuals vaccinated for viral and/or bacterial infectious diseases were less likely to become infected. In addition, germicidal UV radiation "breaks down" the oxygen O2 which then aggregate into O3 (ozone) molecules creating the ozone layer, capable of inhibiting viral replication and improving lung respiration. All these precautions should be taken into consideration to lower the risk of infection by CoV-19. New anti-viral therapies with new drugs should also be taken into consideration. For example, microbes are known to bind TLR, inducing IL-1, a pleiotropic cytokine, highly inflammatory, mediator of fever and fibrosis. Therefore, drugs that suppress IL-1 or IL-1R, also used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis are to be taken into consideration to treat COVID-19. We strongly believe that all these devices described above can lead to greater survival and. therefore, reduction in mortality in patients infected with CoV-19.
JO  - Journal of biological regulators and homeostatic agents
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 34
IS  - 2
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.23812/Editorial-Conti-2
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Response to COVID-19 in Breast Imaging
AU  - Moy, Linda
AU  - Toth, Hildegard K.
AU  - Newell, Mary S.
AU  - Plecha, Donna
AU  - Leung, Jessica W. T.
AU  - Harvey, Jennifer A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Breast Imaging
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/jbi/wbaa025
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/jbi/advance-article/doi/10.1093/jbi/wbaa025/5814656
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Gastrointestinal and Liver Manifestations of COVID-19
AU  - Agarwal, Amol
AU  - Chen, Alan
AU  - Ravindran, Nishal
AU  - To, Chau
AU  - Thuluvath, Paul J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The worldwide pandemic of COVID-19, caused by the virus SARS-CoV,-2 has continued to progress, and increasing information is becoming available about the incidence of digestive symptoms as well as abnormal liver-associated enzymes in patients who are infected. These are postulated to be related to the virus’s use of ACE-2 receptors located on certain intestinal cells, cholangiocytes, and hepatocytes. This brief review summarizes the available limited data on digestive manifestations of COVID-19. A significant proportion of COVID-19 patients can present initially with only digestive complaints. The most common digestive symptoms are anorexia, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Liver-related transaminases are elevated in a substantial proportion of patients, although generally only mildly elevated. Currently it does not appear that severity of digestive symptoms corresponds to severity of COVID-19 clinical course, however, more severe alterations in liver enzymes may correlate with worse clinical course. Given use of antiviral and antibacterial agents in sicker patients, drug-induced liver injury cannot be ruled out either in these cases. Although viral RNA can be detected in stool, it is unclear whether fecal-oral transmission can be achieved by the virus. As further data becomes available, our understanding of the digestive manifestations of COVID-19 will continue to evolve.
JO  - Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jceh.2020.03.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S097368832030027X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Master Regulator Analysis of the SARS-CoV-2/Human Interactome
AU  - Guzzi, Pietro H.
AU  - Mercatelli, Daniele
AU  - Ceraolo, Carmine
AU  - Giorgi, Federico M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The recent epidemic outbreak of a novel human coronavirus called SARS-CoV-2 causing the respiratory tract disease COVID-19 has reached worldwide resonance and a global effort is being undertaken to characterize the molecular features and evolutionary origins of this virus. In this paper, we set out to shed light on the SARS-CoV-2/host receptor recognition, a crucial factor for successful virus infection. Based on the current knowledge of the interactome between SARS-CoV-2 and host cell proteins, we performed Master Regulator Analysis to detect which parts of the human interactome are most affected by the infection. We detected, amongst others, affected apoptotic and mitochondrial mechanisms, and a downregulation of the ACE2 protein receptor, notions that can be used to develop specific therapies against this new virus.
JO  - Journal of Clinical Medicine 2020, Vol. 9, Page 982
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 4
PG  - 982-982
SP  - 982
EP  - 982
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/JCM9040982
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Nursing Resilience Interventions - A way forward in challenging healthcare territories
AU  - Henshall, Catherine
AU  - Davey, Zoe
AU  - Jackson, Debra
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Personal resilience has been conceptualised in many different ways; however, a common definition is that resilience is the ability to cope successfully despite adverse circumstances (Henshall, 2020). Historically, the term ?resilience? encompasses both physiological and psychological aspects and the latter is personal to individuals, with some people having more developed strategies for personal resilience than others. Understandings of resilience vary between populations, contexts and cultures (McDonald et al., 2012), with resilience being viewed in some cases as an inherent personality trait and in others as a dynamic process existing on a continuum between resilience and vulnerability.
JO  - Journal of Clinical Nursing
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jocn.15276
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.15276
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Poor survival with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): Pooled analysis of early reports
AU  - Henry, Brandon Michael
AU  - Lippi, Giuseppe
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Critical Care
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrc.2020.03.011
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0883944120305426
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Images in Clinical ECT: Immediate impact of COVID-19 on ECT Practice
AU  - Colbert, Sally-Anne
AU  - McCarron, Shane
AU  - Ryan, Geraldine
AU  - McLoughlin, Declan M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of ECT
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Publish Ahead of Print
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00124509-900000000-99061
DO  - 10.1097/yct.0000000000000688
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/ectjournal/Fulltext/publishahead/Images_in_Clinical_ECT__Immediate_impact_of.99061.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - ECT in a time of COVID-19
AU  - Tor, Phern Chern
AU  - Phu, Adeline H.H.
AU  - Koh, Doris S. H.
AU  - Mok, Yee Ming
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of ECT
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Publish Ahead of Print
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00124509-900000000-99063
DO  - 10.1097/yct.0000000000000690
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/ectjournal/Fulltext/publishahead/ECT_in_a_time_of_COVID_19.99063.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Use of Hydroxychloroquine and Chloroquine During the COVID-19 Pandemic: What Every Clinician Should Know
AU  - Yazdany, Jinoos
AU  - Kim, Alfred H. J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of internal medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7326/M20-1334
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - News Briefs
AU  - Journal, Aorn
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - AORN Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 111
IS  - 4
PG  - P6-P7
SP  - P6
EP  - P7
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/aorn.13026
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/aorn.13026
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recommandations pour les équipes de santé au travail prenant en charge des établissements de santé où sont hospitalisés des patients Covid-19+, 23 mars 2020
AU  - Dewitte, Jean-Dominique
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Archives des Maladies Professionnelles et de l'Environnement
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.admp.2020.03.834
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1775878520309498
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Can Bioactive Lipids Inactivate Coronavirus (COVID-19)?
AU  - Das, U. N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - SARS-CoV-2, SARS and MERS are all enveloped viruses that can cause acute respiratory syndrome. Arachidonic acid (AA) and other unsaturated fatty acids (especially eicosapentaenoic acd, EPA and docosahexaenoic acid DHA) are known to inactivate enveloped viruses and inhibit proliferation of various microbial organisms. The pro-inflammatory metabolites of AA and EPA such as prostaglandins, leukotrienes and thromboxanes induce inflammation whereas lipoxins, resolvins, protectins and maresins derived from AA, EPA and DHA not only suppress inflammation but also enhance would healing and augment phagocytosis of macrophages and other immunocytes and decrease microbial load. In view of these actions, it is suggested that AA and other unsaturated fatty acids and their metabolites may serve as endogenous anti-viral compounds and their deficiency may render humans susceptible to SARS-CoV-2, SARS and MERS and other similar viruses’ infections. Hence, oral or intravenous administration of AA and other unsaturated fatty acids may aid in enhancing resistance and recovery from SARS-CoV-2, SARS and MERS infections.
JO  - Archives of Medical Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.arcmed.2020.03.004
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005431055 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.arcmed.2020.03.004
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Practical Strategies Against the Novel Coronavirus and COVID-19—the Imminent Global Threat
AU  - Rahimi, F.
AU  - Talebi Bezmin Abadi, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The last month of 2019 harbingered the emergence of a viral outbreak that is now a major public threat globally. COVID-19 was first diagnosed and confirmed in a couple of cases with unknown pneumonia; the patients lived in, or travelled to, Wuhan, the capital of China's Hubei province. People now face a complex challenge that deserves urgent intervention by all involved in medical healthcare globally. Conventional antiviral therapies or vaccines are the most referred means of tackling the virus, but we think establishing these ideal management strategies is presently far-fetched. In-house isolation or quarantine of suspected cases to keep hospital admissions manageable and prevent in-hospital spread of the virus, and promoting general awareness about transmission routes are the practical strategies used to tackle the spread of COVID-19. Cases with weakened or compromised immune systems—for example, elderly individuals, young children, and those with pre-existing conditions such as diabetes, cancer, hypertension, and chronic respiratory diseases—are particularly more susceptible to COVID-19. Hopefully, cumulative data using whole-genome sequencing of the SARS-CoV-2 genome in parallel with mathematical modeling will help the molecular biologists to understand unknown features of the pathogenesis and epidemiology of COVID-19.
JO  - Archives of Medical Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.arcmed.2020.03.005
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005431085 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.arcmed.2020.03.005
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recomendaciones De Consenso Separ Y Aeer Sobre El Uso De La Broncoscopia Y La Toma De Muestras De La Vía Respiratoria En Pacientes Con Sospecha O Con Infección Confirmada Por Covid-19
AU  - Pérez, Rosa Cordovilla
AU  - Álvarez, Susana
AU  - Llanos, Liliana
AU  - Ares, Ana Nuñez
AU  - Viedma, Enrique Cases
AU  - Díaz-Pérez, David
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - RESUMEN Este documento de consenso está elaborado por el área de Técnicas y Trasplante y el área de Enfermería de la Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica (SEPAR) así como la Sociedad Española de Endoscopia Respiratoria (AEER) con el objetivo de proporcionar conocimientos para el uso efectivo y seguro de la broncoscopia en pacientes con sospecha o con confirmación de la infección por COVID-19. Es prioritario proporcionar la mayor seguridad a nuestros pacientes, a los sanitarios que los atienden y a la comunidad en general.En este momento de pandemia, la información de la que disponemos acerca del uso de la broncoscopia en este tipo de pacientes se basa en la experiencia de otros centros y países, y las publicaciones científicas son escasas. El objetivo de este documento es recoger esas experiencias y en base a las recomendaciones de los organismos oficiales ofrecer un documento de ayuda para la práctica clínica diaria. ABSTRACT This consensus document has been drawn up by the Techniques and Transplantation and Nursing areas of the Spanish Society of Pulmonology and Thoracic Surgery (SEPAR) and the Spanish Society of Respiratory Endoscopy (AEER) with the aim of providing information on the safe and effective use of bronchoscopy in patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection. Our priority is to ensure the safety of our patients, the health workers caring for them, and the community in general.At this stage in the pandemic, our information on the use of bronchoscopy in patients of this type is based on the experience of hospitals in other countries, and scientific publications are scarce. The objective of this document is to compile these experiences, based on recommendations from official agencies, in a document offering guidance in daily clinical practice.
JO  - Archivos de Bronconeumología
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arbres.2020.03.017
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0300289620300971
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Initial ELSO Guidance Document: ECMO for COVID-19 Patients with Severe Cardiopulmonary Failure
AU  - Bartlett, Robert H.
AU  - Ogino, Mark T.
AU  - Brodie, Daniel
AU  - McMullan, David M.
AU  - Lorusso, Roberto
AU  - MacLaren, Graeme
AU  - Stead, Christine M.
AU  - Rycus, Peter
AU  - Fraser, John F.
AU  - Belohlavek, Jan
AU  - Salazar, Leonardo
AU  - Mehta, Yatin
AU  - Raman, Lakshmi
AU  - Paden, Matthew L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - ASAIO Journal: Artificial Organ Research and Development
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Online First
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00002480-900000000-98541
DO  - 10.1097/mat.0000000000001173
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/asaiojournal/Fulltext/onlinefirst/Initial_ELSO_Guidance_Document__ECMO_for_COVID_19.98541.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Shanghai, China
AU  - Li, Xin
AU  - Guo, Zhen
AU  - Li, Bailing
AU  - Zhang, Xiaolin
AU  - Tian, Rui
AU  - Wu, Wei
AU  - Zhang, Zhongwei
AU  - Lu, Yunfei
AU  - Chen, Nan
AU  - Clifford, Sean P.
AU  - Huang, Jiapeng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Severe cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cannot be adequately managed with mechanical ventilation alone. The role and outcome of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in the management of COVID-19 is currently unclear. Eight COVID-19 patients have received ECMO support in Shanghai with 7 with VV ECMO support and 1 VA ECMO during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. As of March 25, 2020, 4 patients died (50% mortality), three patients (37.5%) were successfully weaned off ECMO after 22, 40 days and 47 days support respectively, but remain on mechanical ventilation. One patient is still on VV ECMO with mechanical ventilation. The PaO2/FiO2 ratio before ECMO initiation were between 54 to 76 and all were well below 100. The duration of mechanical ventilation before ECMO ranged from 4-21 days. Except the one emergent VA ECMO during cardiopulmonary resuscitation, other patients were on ECMO support for between 18 to 47 days. In conclusion, ensuring effective, timely, and safe ECMO support in COVID-19 is key to improving clinical outcomes. ECMO support might be an integral part of the critical care provided for COVID-19 patients in centers with advanced ECMO expertise. All authors made equal attributions to this manuscript. Conflict of Interests: None declared by any author. Source of Funding Statement: Science and Technology Commission Shanghai Municipality, Emergency Science and Technology Projects, No. 20411950501. Corresponding Authors: Xin Li MD, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China Email: li.xin3@zs-hospital.sh.cn, Tel: 86-13817697021/Fax: 86-21-64041109 Jiapeng Huang MD, PhD, Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, 530 South Jackson Street, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA. Email: Jiapeng.huang@louisville.edu, Tel: 502-852-8157/Fax: 852-3762 Copyright © 2020 by the American Society for Artificial Internal Organs
JO  - ASAIO Journal: Artificial Organ Research and Development
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Online First
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00002480-900000000-98540
DO  - 10.1097/mat.0000000000001172
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/asaiojournal/Fulltext/onlinefirst/Extracorporeal_Membrane_Oxygenation_for.98540.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - From the Editor’s Desk: COVID-19 Update
AU  - Slaughter, Mark S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - ASAIO Journal: Artificial Organ Research and Development
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Online First
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00002480-900000000-98542
DO  - 10.1097/mat.0000000000001174
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/asaiojournal/Fulltext/onlinefirst/From_the_Editor_s_Desk__COVID_19_Update.98542.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The COVID-19 outbreak: Crucial role the psychiatrists can play
AU  - Banerjee, D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Asian Journal of Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 50
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102014
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005428113 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102014
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID19: Why justice and transparency in hospital triage policies are paramount
AU  - Schuklenk, Udo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Bioethics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/bioe.12744
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/bioe.12744
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Reactive Polymer Targeting dsRNA as Universal Virus Detection Platform with Enhanced Sensitivity
AU  - Ku, Jayoung
AU  - Kim, Sura
AU  - Park, Jaemin
AU  - Kim, Tae-Shin
AU  - Kharbash, Raisa
AU  - Shin, Eui-Cheol
AU  - Char, Kookheon
AU  - Kim, Yoosik
AU  - Li, Sheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Reactive poly(pentafluorophenyl acrylate) (PPFPA) grafted surfaces offer a versatile platform to immobilize biomolecules. Here, we utilize PPFPA grafted surface and double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) recognizing J2 antibody to construct a universal virus detection platform with enhanced sensitivity. PPFPA on silicon substrates are prepared, and surface hydrophilicity is modulated by partial substitution of the pentafluorophenyl units with poly(ethylene glycol). Following dsRNA antibody immobilization, the prepared surfaces can distinguish long dsRNAs from single-stranded RNAs of the same length and short dsRNAs. As long dsRNAs are common byproducts of viral transcription/replication, these surfaces can detect the presence of different kinds of viruses without prior knowledge of their genomic sequences. To increase dsRNA detection sensitivity, a two-step method is devised where the captured dsRNAs are visualized with multiple fluorophore-tagged J2 antibodies. We show that the developed platform can differentiate foreign long dsRNAs from cellular dsRNAs and other biomolecules present in the cell lysate. Moreover, when tested against cells infected with hepatitis A or C viruses, both viruses are successfully detected using a single platform. Our study shows that the developed PPFPA platform immobilized with J2 antibody can serve as a primary diagnostic tool to determine the infection status for a wide range of viruses.
JO  - Biomacromolecules
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c00379
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.biomac.0c00379
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The fiscal value of human lives lost from coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in China
AU  - Kirigia, Joses M.
AU  - Muthuri, Rose Nabi Deborah Karimi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - According to the WHO coronavirus disease (COVID-19) situation report 35, as of 24th February 2020, there was a total of 77,262 confirmed COVID-19 cases in China. That included 2595 deaths. The specific objective of this study was to estimate the fiscal value of human lives lost due to COVID-19 in China as of 24th February 2020. The deaths from COVID-19 had a discounted (at 3%) total fiscal value of Int$ 924,346,795 in China. Out of which, 63.2% was borne by people aged 25–49 years, 27.8% by people aged 50–64 years, and 9.0% by people aged 65 years and above. The average fiscal value per death was Int$ 356,203. Re-estimation of the economic model alternately with 5% and 10 discount rates led to a reduction in the expected total fiscal value by 21.3% and 50.4%, respectively. Furthermore, the re-estimation of the economic model using the world’s highest average life expectancy of 87.1 years (which is that of Japanese females), instead of the national life expectancy of 76.4 years, increased the total fiscal value by Int$ 229,456,430 (24.8%).
JO  - BMC Research Notes
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 13
IS  - 1
PG  - 198-198
SP  - 198
EP  - 198
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s13104-020-05044-y
UR  - https://bmcresnotes.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13104-020-05044-y
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Socioeconomic gradient in health and the covid-19 outbreak
AU  - Chung, Roger Yat-Nork
AU  - Dong, Dong
AU  - Li, Minnie Ming
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - At the time of writing [1 April 2020], there have been 859 556 confirmed cases of covid-19 and 42 332 deaths.1 The epidemic has so far been controlled partially by national mobilisation of healthcare resources, but shortage of resources is of grave concern in other, especially developing, countries affected later by covid-19, underscoring global health inequalities.2 Many countries are currently using a household …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1329-m1329
SP  - m1329
EP  - m1329
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1329
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1329
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recommendations for the surgical management of gynecological cancers during the COVID-19 pandemic - FRANCOGYN group for the CNGOF
AU  - Akladios, Cherif
AU  - Azais, Henri
AU  - Ballester, Marcos
AU  - Bendifallah, Sofiane
AU  - Bolze, Pierre-Adrien
AU  - Bourdel, Nicolas
AU  - Bricou, Alexandre
AU  - Canlorbe, Geoffroy
AU  - Carcopino, Xavier
AU  - Chauvet, Pauline
AU  - Collinet, Pierre
AU  - Coutant, Charles
AU  - Dabi, Yohann
AU  - Dion, Ludivine
AU  - Gauthier, Tristan
AU  - Graesslin, Olivier
AU  - Huchon, Cyrille
AU  - Koskas, Martin
AU  - Kridelka, Frederic
AU  - Lavoue, Vincent
AU  - Lecointre, Lise
AU  - Mezzadri, Matthieu
AU  - Mimoun, Camille
AU  - Ouldamer, Lobna
AU  - Raimond, Emilie
AU  - Touboul, Cyril
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Introduction In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, specific recommendations are required for the management of patients with gynecologic cancer. Materials and method The FRANCOGYN group of the National College of French Gynecologists and Obstetricians (CNGOF) convened to develop recommendations based on the consensus conference model. Results If a patient with a gynecologic cancer presents with COVID-19, surgical management should be postponed for at least 15 days. For cervical cancer, radiotherapy and concomitant radiochemotherapy could replace surgery as first-line treatment and the value of lymph node staging should be reviewed on a case-by-case basis. For advanced ovarian cancers, neoadjuvant chemotherapy should be preferred over primary cytoreduction surgery. It is legitimate not to perform hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy during the COVID-19 pandemic. For patients who are scheduled to undergo interval surgery, chemotherapy can be continued and surgery performed after 6 cycles. For patients with early stage endometrial cancer of low and intermediate preoperative ESMO risk, hysterectomy with bilateral adnexectomy combined with a sentinel lymph node procedure is recommended. Surgery can be postponed for 1 to 2 months in low-risk endometrial cancers (FIGO Ia stage on MRI and grade 1-2 endometrioid cancer on endometrial biopsy). For patients of high ESMO risk, the MSKCC algorithm (combining PET-CT and sentinel lymph node biopsy) should be applied to avoid pelvic and lumbar-aortic lymphadenectomy. Conclusion During the COVID-19 pandemic, management of a patient with cancer should be adapted to limit the risks associated with the virus without incurring loss of chance.
JO  - Journal of Gynecology Obstetrics and Human Reproduction
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101729-101729
SP  - 101729
EP  - 101729
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jogoh.2020.101729
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468784720300635
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Inactivation of coronaviruses by heat
AU  - Kampf, Günter
AU  - Voss, Andreas
AU  - Scheithauer, Simone
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Hospital Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2020.03.025
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0195670120301249
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID19 and Breastfeeding: Not That Simple
AU  - Berveiller, Paul
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Human Lactation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 089033442091710-089033442091710
SP  - 089033442091710
EP  - 089033442091710
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/0890334420917102
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1177/0890334420917102 http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0890334420917102
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Perspectives on Pediatric Appendicitis and Appendectomy During the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Pandemic
AU  - Polites, Stephanie F.
AU  - Azarow, Kenneth S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Laparoendoscopic & Advanced Surgical Techniques
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - lap.2020.0197-lap.2020.0197
SP  - lap.2020.0197
EP  - lap.2020.0197
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1089/lap.2020.0197
UR  - https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/lap.2020.0197
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preparing an obstetric unit in the heart of the epidemic strike of COVID-19: quick reorganization tips
AU  - Capanna, Federica
AU  - Haydar, Ahmad
AU  - McCarey, Catherine
AU  - Bernini Carri, Enrico
AU  - Bartha Rasero, Jose
AU  - Tsibizova, Valentina
AU  - Helmer, Hanns
AU  - Makatsarya, Alexander
AU  - Di Renzo, Gian Carlo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 is placing considerable strain on healthcare systems. Disaster and military medicine specialists were involved in the outbreak in Italy, after many units were overwhelmed.Health providers were caught off guard and personnel was unprepared to face this unprecedented threat. Local decisions accelerated the rate of the spread. Many countries declared a state of emergency and lockdown to contain the exponential transmission of the disease.The purpose of this review is to suggest quick key points of strategies to implement in obstetric units without delay to respond to the oncoming wave, based on experience and feedback from the field.It is essential in an emergency situation to understand what is at stake and prepare maternity wards in the best possible way.
JO  - The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-11
SP  - 1
EP  - 11
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/14767058.2020.1749258
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Infection control in the medical imaging department during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Zhao, Dan
AU  - Zhang, Chengfeng
AU  - Chen, Jun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmir.2020.03.005
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1939865420300400
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Differences between COVID-19 and suspected then confirmed SARS-CoV-2-negative pneumonia: a retrospective study from a single center
AU  - Chen, Xinyi
AU  - Yang, Yi
AU  - Huang, Min
AU  - Liu, Lili
AU  - Zhang, Xianxiang
AU  - Xu, Jing
AU  - Geng, Shaoqing
AU  - Han, Bo
AU  - Xiao, Jiangfeng
AU  - Wan, Yanyun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) broke out in Wuhan, Hubei, China in December 2019. Tens thousands of people have been infected with the disease. Our aim was to distinguish severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-positive patients from SARS-CoV-2-negative patients. We retrospectively compared the data of COVID-19 patients with those of suspected and confirmed SARS-CoV-2-negative patients (control patients). There were 78 COVID-19 patients and 26 control patients, whose median ages were significantly different (P=0.001). The percentage of COVID-19 patients admitting exposure to Wuhan was obviously higher than that of control patients (X2=29.130, P<0.001). Fever and cough appeared more frequently in COVID-19 patients than in the control patients. The routine blood work-up parameters of COVID-19 patients did not change much and their mean counts were in normal range. There were 38.5% of control patients had higher procalcitonin (PCT) levels than 0.5ng/ml, which was significantly higher than that percentage of COVID-19 patients (X2=22.636, P <0.05), and COVID-19 patients were also more likely to have decreased or normal urea and creatinine levels than control patients (X2=24.930, 8.480, P <0.05).Younger age, exposure to Wuhan, fever, cough, and slight changes in routine blood work-up parameters, urea and creatinine were important features discriminating COVID-19 from control patients. Slightly increased, but far less than 0.5ng/ml, PCT levels also differentiated COVID-19 patients from control patients This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25810
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25810
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Is Pakistan prepared for the COVID-19 epidemic? A questionnaire-based survey
AU  - Khan, Samea
AU  - Khan, Mahjabeen
AU  - Maqsood, Khizra
AU  - Hussain, Tanveer
AU  - Noor ul, Huda
AU  - Zeeshan, Muhammad
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract COVID-19 is a pandemic that began in China in December 2019. World health organization (WHO) has expressed fears that Pakistan might emerge as the next epicenter of this pandemic. We hypothesize that at present the Pakistani masses are not prepared to face any threat of a looming epidemic. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the basic knowledge of educational and health care workers (HCW's) regarding COVID-19, its control, and prevention. Knowledge about origin, symptoms, and spread of viral infection was assessed. In this cross-sectional survey, a self-designed questionnaire was distributed among 302 HCWs including physicians (10.9%), nurses (1.32%), lab staff (1.65%) and academic individuals including faculty and students (86.42%) of different organizations. Results were analyzed using the chi-square test. Obtained results validate our null hypothesis that Pakistani masses are not well aware of the COVID-19 and strategies for the prevention and control of infection. The Study concluded that individuals belonging to the front-line workers and high literacy groups are not prepared for the alarming situation in the country. Effectual implementation of infection control programs should be practiced, and it depends on awareness, training, and cooperation of individuals. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25814
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25814
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemiological analysis of COVID-19 and practical experience from China
AU  - Ye, Qing
AU  - Wang, Bili
AU  - Mao, Jianhua
AU  - Fu, Junfen
AU  - Shang, Shiqiang
AU  - Shu, Qiang
AU  - Zhang, Ting
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - ABSTRACT The rapid spread of the epidemic has aroused widespread concern in the international community. SARS-COV-2 originated from Wuhan's Huanan wholesale seafood market, with bats as the likely original hosts and pangolins as potential intermediate hosts. The current source of the disease is mainly patients infected with SARS-COV-2. Patients in the incubation period may also become sources of infection. The virus is mainly transmitted via respiratory droplets and contact, and the population is generally susceptible. The epidemic has progressed through the local outbreak stage and community transmission stage due to exposure at Wuhan's Huanan wholesale seafood market and is now in the stage of large-scale transmission due to the spread of the epidemic. The basic productive number (R0) at the beginning of the epidemic was 2.2, with an average incubation period of 5.2 days. The proportion of critically ill patients was 23.4%, the mortality rate was lower than those of SARS and MERS, and 96.5% of deaths occurred in Hubei Province, where the outbreak occurred first. Among them, elderly men with underlying diseases had a higher mortality rate. Chinese medical staff have summarized a set of effective strategies and methods in the diagnosis and treatment of this disease that are worthy of reference for their international counterparts. With powerful government intervention and the efforts of Chinese medical staff, China's outbreak has gradually improved. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25813
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25813
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How do we decide to de-isolate COVID-19 patients?
AU  - Liao, Chia-Hung
AU  - Hung, Shih-Chang
AU  - Lee, Yuan-Ti
AU  - Hung, Hung-Chang
AU  - Hsueh, Po-Ren
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2020.03.025
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1684118220300852
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Combating COVID-19 with Chloroquine
AU  - Hong, Wanjin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Molecular Cell Biology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/jmcb/mjaa015
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/jmcb/advance-article/doi/10.1093/jmcb/mjaa015/5814654
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Palliative Care Pandemic Pack: a Specialist Palliative Care Service response to planning the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Ferguson, Lana
AU  - Barham, Deborah
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract: Specialist Palliative Care services (SPCS) have a vital role to play in the global COVID-19 pandemic. Core expertise in complex symptom management, decision-making in uncertainty, advocacy and education, and ensuring a compassionate response are essential, and SPCS are well positioned to take a proactive approach in crisis management planning. SPCS resource capacity is likely to be overwhelmed, and consideration needs to be given to empowering and supporting high-quality primary palliative care in all care locations. Our local SPCS have developed a Palliative Care Pandemic Pack to disseminate succinct and specific information, guidance, and resources designed to enable the rapid up-skilling of non-specialist clinicians needing to provide palliative care. It may be a useful tool for our SPCS colleagues to adapt as we face this global challenge collaboratively.
JO  - Journal of Pain and Symptom Management
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2020.03.026
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0885392420301779
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Risk Stratification and PPE Use in Pediatric Endoscopy During the COVID-19 Outbreak: A Single-Center Protocol
AU  - Say, Daphne S.
AU  - de Lorimier, Arthur
AU  - Lammers, Cathleen R.
AU  - Natale, JoAnne
AU  - Lakshminrusimha, Satyan
AU  - Wiedeman, Jean
AU  - Partridge, Elizabeth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - SARS-CoV-2, the novel coronavirus causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is now a global pandemic. Human-to-human transmission has been documented to occur through respiratory secretions, feces, aerosols, and contaminated environmental surfaces. Pediatric patients present a unique challenge as they may have minimal symptoms and yet transmit disease. Endoscopists face risk for infection with viruses like SARS-CoV-2, as the aerosol generating nature of endoscopy diffuses respiratory disease that can be spread via an airborne and droplet route. We describe our center's methodology for pediatric patient risk stratification to facilitate responsible use of endoscopic resources during this crisis. We also describe our recommendations for use of personal protective equipment by endoscopists, with the goal of ensuring the safety of ourselves, our anesthesiology and endoscopy staff, and our patients. Address correspondence and reprint requests to Daphne S. Say, MD, Assistant Clinical Professor, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Davis, 2516 Stockton Boulevard, Ticon II, Sacramento, CA 95817 (e-mail: dsay@ucdavis.edu). Received 26 March, 2020 Accepted 30 March, 2020 Conflict of Interest Disclosure: The authors have no conflicts of interest relevant to this article to disclose. Funding Source: No funding was secured for this study. Financial Disclosure: The authors have no financial relationships relevant to this article to disclose. © 2020 by European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition and North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology
JO  - Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Publish Ahead of Print
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00005176-900000000-96118
DO  - 10.1097/mpg.0000000000002731
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/jpgn/Fulltext/publishahead/Risk_Stratification_and_PPE_Use_in_Pediatric.96118.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and Paediatric Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Global Experience and Provisional Guidance (March 2020) from the Paediatric IBD Porto group of ESPGHAN
AU  - Turner, Dan
AU  - Huang, Ying
AU  - Martín-de-Carpi, Javier
AU  - Aloi, Marina
AU  - Focht, Gili
AU  - Kang, Ben
AU  - Zhou, Ying
AU  - Sanchez, Cesar
AU  - Kappelman, Michael D.
AU  - Uhlig, Holm H.
AU  - Pujol-Muncunill, Gemma
AU  - Ledder, Oren
AU  - Lionetti, Paolo
AU  - Dias, Jorge Amil
AU  - Ruemmele, Frank M.
AU  - Russell, Richard K.
AU  - ESPGHAN, On behalf of the Paediatric IBD Porto group of
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Introduction: With the current COVID-19 pandemic, concerns have been raised about the risk to children with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). We aimed to collate global experience and provide provisional guidance for managing paediatric IBD (PIBD) in the era of COVID-19. Methods: An electronic reporting system of children with IBD infected with SARS-CoV-2 has been circulated among 102 PIBD centres affiliated with the Porto and Interest-group of ESPGHAN. A survey has been completed by major PIBD centres in China and South-Korea to explore management during the pandemic. A third survey collected current practice of PIBD treatment. Finally guidance points for practice have been formulated and voted upon by 37 PIBD authors and Porto group members. Results: Eight PIBD children had COVID-19 globally, all with mild infection without needing hospitalization despite treatment with immunomodulators and/or biologics. No cases have been reported in China and South Korea but biologic treatment has been delayed in 79 children, of whom 17 (22%) had exacerbation of their IBD. Among the Porto group members, face-to-face appointments were often replaced by remote consultations but almost all did not change current IBD treatment. Ten guidance points for clinicians caring for PIBD patients in epidemic areas have been endorsed with consensus rate of 92-100%. Conclusions: Preliminary data for PIBD patients during COVID-19 outbreak are reassuring. Standard IBD treatments including biologics should continue at present through the pandemic, especially in children who generally have more severe IBD course on one hand, and milder SARS-CoV-2 infection on the other. Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dan Turner, MD, PhD, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, 12 Shmuel Beit St, Jerusalem, 9103102, Israel (e-mail: turnerd@szmc.org.il). Received 27 March, 2020 Accepted 27 March, 2020 Dan Turner, Ying Huang, Javier Martín-de-Carpi, Marina Aloi, Gili Focht, Ben Kang, Ying Zhou, Cesar Sanchez, Michael D. Kappelman, Holm H. Uhlig, Gemma Pujol-Muncunill, Oren Ledder, Paolo Lionetti, Jorge Amil Dias, Frank M. Ruemmele and Richard K. Russell, all authors contributed equally Funding: None, Conflict of interests: DT- Last 3 years received consultation fee, research grant, royalties, or honorarium from Janssen, Pfizer, Hospital for Sick Children, Ferring, Abbvie, Takeda, Atlantic Health, Shire, Celgene, Lilly, Roche, ThermoFisher, BMS. JMdC- Last 3 years received consultation fee, research grant, royalties, or honorarium from Abbvie, Adacyte, Celltrion, Kern, MSD, Nestle, Janssen, Pfizer, Ferring, FAES, Dr. Falk, Celgene, Lilly, Roche.
JO  - Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Publish Ahead of Print
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00005176-900000000-96116
DO  - 10.1097/mpg.0000000000002729
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/jpgn/Fulltext/publishahead/COVID_19_and_Paediatric_Inflammatory_Bowel.96116.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Impact of Nutrition and Diet on COVID-19 Infection and Implications for Kidney Health and Kidney Disease Management
AU  - Kalantar-Zadeh, Kamyar
AU  - Moore, Linda W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Renal Nutrition
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jrn.2020.03.006
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1051227620300832
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Ultraviolet germicidal irradiation: possible method for respirator disinfection to facilitate reuse during COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Hamzavi, Iltefat H.
AU  - Lyons, Alexis B.
AU  - Kohli, Indermeet
AU  - Narla, Shanthi
AU  - Parks-Miller, Angela
AU  - Gelfand, Joel M.
AU  - Lim, Henry W.
AU  - Ozog, David
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2020.03.085
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0190962220305089
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19, syphilis and biologic therapies for psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis: A word of caution
AU  - Kansal, Naveen Kumar
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2020.03.079
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0190962220305028
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Global Impact of COVID-19 on Vascular Surgical Services
AU  - Ng, Jun Jie
AU  - Ho, Pei
AU  - Dharmaraj, Rajesh Babu
AU  - Wong, Julian C. L.
AU  - Choong, Andrew M. T. L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Vascular Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvs.2020.03.024
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0741521420304663
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A military perspective on the vascular surgeon’s response to the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Rasmussen, Todd E.
AU  - Koelling, Erin E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Vascular Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvs.2020.03.036
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0741521420304900
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Computational inference of selection underlying the evolution of the novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Cagliani, Rachele
AU  - Forni, Diego
AU  - Clerici, Mario
AU  - Sironi, Manuela
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p> The novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) recently emerged in China is thought to have a bat origin, as its closest known relative (BatCoV RaTG13) was described in horseshoe bats. We analyzed the selective events that accompanied the divergence of SARS-CoV-2 from BatCoV RaTG13. To this aim, we applied a population genetics-phylogenetics approach, which leverages within-population variation and divergence from an outgroup. Results indicated that most sites in the viral ORFs evolved under strong to moderate purifying selection. The most constrained sequences corresponded to some non-structural proteins (nsps) and to the M protein. Conversely, nsp1 and accessory ORFs, particularly ORF8, had a non-negligible proportion of codons evolving under very weak purifying selection or close to selective neutrality. Overall, limited evidence of positive selection was detected. The 6 <italic>bona fide</italic> positively selected sites were located in the N protein, in ORF8, and in nsp1. A signal of positive selection was also detected in the receptor-binding motif (RBM) of the spike protein but most likely resulted from a recombination event that involved the BatCoV RaTG13 sequence. In line with previous data, we suggest that the common ancestor of SARS-CoV-2 and BatCoV RaTG13 encoded/encodes an RBM similar to that observed in SARS-CoV-2 itself and in some pangolin viruses. It is presently unknown whether the common ancestor still exists and which animals it infects. Our data however indicate that divergence of SARS-CoV-2 from BatCoV RaTG13 was accompanied by limited episodes of positive selection, suggesting that the common ancestor of the two viruses was poised for human infection. </p>
JO  - Journal of Virology
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1128/JVI.00411-20
UR  - http://jvi.asm.org/lookup/doi/10.1128/JVI.00411-20
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Isolation and full-length genome characterization of SARS-CoV-2 from COVID-19 cases in Northern Italy
AU  - Licastro, Danilo
AU  - Rajasekharan, Sreejith
AU  - Dal Monego, Simeone
AU  - Segat, Ludovica
AU  - D'Agaro, Pierlanfranco
AU  - Marcello, Alessandro
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>In December 2019, the novel coronavirus Severe Acquired Respiratory Syndrome SARS-CoV-2 emerged in the city of Wuhan in the Hubei province, People's Republic of China, as the etiologic agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which has hence spread worldwide causing a global pandemic (1-3).…</p>
JO  - Journal of Virology
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1128/JVI.00543-20
UR  - http://jvi.asm.org/lookup/doi/10.1128/JVI.00543-20
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Emergency cesarean section on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS- CoV-2) confirmed patient
AU  - Lee, Dong Hwan
AU  - Lee, Jihyang
AU  - Kim, Eunju
AU  - Woo, Kyeongyoon
AU  - Park, Hak Youle
AU  - An, Jihyun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Since the first case of severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) occurred in Wuhan in December 2019, the virus has spread globally. The World Health Organization declared the virus outbreak a pandemic on March 11, 2020. On January 19, 2020, a 35-year-old woman who returned from China was confirmed as the first SARS-CoV-2 infected case in Korea. Since then, it has spread all over Korea. CASE: We report the first case of a SARS-CoV-2 positive woman delivering a baby through cesarean section at 37+6 weeks of pregnancy in the Republic of Korea. CONCLUSIONS: This case suggested that negative pressure operating room, skillful medical team, and enhanced personal protective equipment including N95 masks, surgical cap, double gown, double gloves, shoe covers, and powered air-purifying respirator are required at the hospital for safe delivery in such a case.
JO  - Korean journal of anesthesiology
PB  - 
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EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4097/kja.20116
UR  - 
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Erratum: A Patient with COVID-19 Presenting a False-Negative Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction Result (Korean journal of radiology (2020) 21 4 (505-508))
AU  - Chen, Z.
AU  - Li, Y.
AU  - Wu, B.
AU  - Hou, Y.
AU  - Bao, J.
AU  - Deng, X.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Korean journal of radiology
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3348/kjr.2020.0195
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L631333737 http://dx.doi.org/10.3348/kjr.2020.0195
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Proposal of a low-dose, long-pitch, dual-source chest CT protocol on third-generation dual-source CT using a tin filter for spectral shaping at 100 kVp for CoronaVirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients: a feasibility study
AU  - Agostini, Andrea
AU  - Floridi, Chiara
AU  - Borgheresi, Alessandra
AU  - Badaloni, Myriam
AU  - Esposto Pirani, Paolo
AU  - Terilli, Filippo
AU  - Ottaviani, Letizia
AU  - Giovagnoni, Andrea
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - To subjectively and objectively evaluate the feasibility and diagnostic reliability of a low-dose, long-pitch dual-source chest CT protocol on third-generation dual-source CT (DSCT) with spectral shaping at 100Sn kVp for COVID-19 patients. Patients with COVID-19 and positive swab-test undergoing to a chest CT on third-generation DSCT were included. The imaging protocol included a dual-energy acquisition (HD-DECT, 90/150Sn kVp) and fast, low-dose, long-pitch CT, dual-source scan at 100Sn kVp (LDCT). Subjective (Likert Scales) and objective (signal-to-noise and contrast-to-noise ratios, SNR and CNR) analyses were performed; radiation dose and acquisition times were recorded. Nonparametric tests were used. The median radiation dose was lower for LDCT than HD-DECT (Effective dose, ED: 0.28 mSv vs. 3.28 mSv, p = 0.016). LDCT had median acquisition time of 0.62 s (vs 2.02 s, p = 0.016). SNR and CNR were significantly different in several thoracic structures between HD-DECT and LDCT, with exception of lung parenchyma. Qualitative analysis demonstrated significant reduction in motion artifacts (p = 0.031) with comparable diagnostic reliability between HD-DECT and LDCT. Ultra-low-dose, dual-source, fast CT protocol provides highly diagnostic images for COVID-19 with potential for reduction in dose and motion artifacts.
JO  - La radiologia medica
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-9
SP  - 1
EP  - 9
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11547-020-01179-x
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11547-020-01179-x
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Racism and discrimination in COVID-19 responses
AU  - Devakumar, Delan
AU  - Shannon, Geordan
AU  - Bhopal, Sunil S.
AU  - Abubakar, Ibrahim
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30792-3
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673620307923
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Refugee and migrant health in the COVID-19 response
AU  - Kluge, Hans Henri P.
AU  - Jakab, Zsuzsanna
AU  - Bartovic, Jozef
AU  - D'Anna, Veronika
AU  - Severoni, Santino
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30791-1
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30791-1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Medicine: before COVID-19, and after
AU  - McCartney, Margaret
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30756-X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30756-X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Ensuring global access to COVID-19 vaccines
AU  - Yamey, Gavin
AU  - Schäferhoff, Marco
AU  - Hatchett, Richard
AU  - Pate, Muhammad
AU  - Zhao, Feng
AU  - McDade, Kaci Kennedy
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30763-7
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30763-7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Protecting the psychological health of children through effective communication about COVID-19
AU  - Dalton, Louise
AU  - Rapa, Elizabeth
AU  - Stein, Alan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2352-4642(20)30097-3
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-4642(20)30097-3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - US NICUs and donor milk banks brace for COVID-19
AU  - Furlow, Bryant
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2352-4642(20)30103-6
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-4642(20)30103-6
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater: potential health risk, but also data source
AU  - Lodder, Willemijn
AU  - de Roda Husman, Ana Maria
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-1253(20)30087-X
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S246812532030087X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 pandemic in west Africa
AU  - Martinez-Alvarez, Melisa
AU  - Jarde, Alexander
AU  - Usuf, Effua
AU  - Brotherton, Helen
AU  - Bittaye, Mustapha
AU  - Samateh, Ahmadou L.
AU  - Antonio, Martin
AU  - Vives-Tomas, Joan
AU  - D'Alessandro, Umberto
AU  - Roca, Anna
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Global Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30123-6
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30123-6
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Strategic plan for management of COVID-19 in paediatric haematology and oncology departments
AU  - He, Yulei
AU  - Lin, Zhi
AU  - Tang, Daolin
AU  - Yang, Yang
AU  - Wang, Tianyou
AU  - Yang, Minghua
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Haematology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-3026(20)30104-6
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352302620301046
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Handling the COVID-19 pandemic in the oncological setting
AU  - Mussetti, Alberto
AU  - Maluquer, Clara
AU  - Albasanz-Puig, Adaia
AU  - Gudiol, Carlota
AU  - Moreno-Gonzalez, Gabriel
AU  - Corradini, Paolo
AU  - Sureda, Anna
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Haematology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-3026(20)30108-3
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352302620301083
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Correction to Lancet Infect Dis 2020; published online Feb 18. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30111-0 (The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2020) 20(4) (408–409), (S1473309920301110), (10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30111-0))
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Cuong LV, Giang HTN, Linh LC, et al. The first Vietnamese case of COVID-19 acquired from China. Lancet Infectious Diseases 2020; published online Feb 18. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30111-0—In this Letter, parts A and B in the figure were labelled the wrong way around. This correction has been made to the online version as of Feb 24, 2020, and will be made to the printed version.
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 20
IS  - 4
PG  - e50
SP  - e50
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30128-6
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005391160 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30128-6
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Authors' reply
AU  - Baud, David
AU  - Nielsen-Saines, Karin
AU  - Qi, Xiaolong
AU  - Musso, Didier
AU  - Pomar, Léo
AU  - Favre, Guillaume
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30255-3
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30255-3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Modelling COVID-19 transmission: from data to intervention
AU  - Jia, Zhongwei
AU  - Lu, Zuhong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30258-9
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30258-9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Estimating case fatality rates of COVID-19
AU  - Kim, David Dongkyung
AU  - Goel, Akash
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30234-6
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30234-6
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Estimating case fatality rates of COVID-19
AU  - Lipsitch, Marc
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30245-0
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30245-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Using observational data to quantify bias of traveller-derived COVID-19 prevalence estimates in Wuhan, China
AU  - Niehus, Rene
AU  - De Salazar, Pablo M.
AU  - Taylor, Aimee R.
AU  - Lipsitch, Marc
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BackgroundThe incidence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China, has been estimated using imported case counts of international travellers, generally under the assumptions that all cases of the disease in travellers have been ascertained and that infection prevalence in travellers and residents is the same. However, findings indicate variation among locations in the capacity for detection of imported cases. Singapore has had very strong epidemiological surveillance and contact tracing capacity during previous infectious disease outbreaks and has consistently shown high sensitivity of case-detection during the COVID-19 outbreak.
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30229-2
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30229-2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2: a time for clear and immediate action
AU  - Poland, Gregory A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30250-4
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30250-4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Estimating case fatality rates of COVID-19
AU  - Spychalski, Piotr
AU  - Błażyńska-Spychalska, Agata
AU  - Kobiela, Jarek
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30246-2
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30246-2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - From PREDICT to prevention, one pandemic later
AU  - Carlson, Colin J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Microbe
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2666-5247(20)30002-1
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2666-5247(20)30002-1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Guillain-Barr&#xe9; syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection: causality or coincidence?
AU  - Zhao, Hua
AU  - Shen, Dingding
AU  - Zhou, Haiyan
AU  - Liu, Jun
AU  - Chen, Sheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Neurology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1474-4422(20)30109-5
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(20)30109-5
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and immigration detention in the USA: time to act
AU  - Keller, Allen S.
AU  - Wagner, Benjamin D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30081-5
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30081-5
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Roles and Challenges of Facial Plastic Surgeons in Pandemics
AU  - Salehi, Parsa P.
AU  - Azizzadeh, Babak
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Facial Plastic Surgery & Aesthetic Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - fpsam.2020.0159-fpsam.2020.0159
SP  - fpsam.2020.0159
EP  - fpsam.2020.0159
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1089/fpsam.2020.0159
UR  - https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/fpsam.2020.0159
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - LIFE IN A POST-COVID-19 WORLD
AU  - Ruddock, Steve
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Gaming Law Review
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - glr2.2020.24312-glr2.2020.24312
SP  - glr2.2020.24312
EP  - glr2.2020.24312
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1089/glr2.2020.24312
UR  - https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/glr2.2020.24312
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - AGA Institute Rapid Recommendations for Gastrointestinal Procedures During the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Sultan, Shahnaz
AU  - Lim, Joseph K.
AU  - Altayar, Osama
AU  - Davitkov, Perica
AU  - Feuerstein, Joseph D.
AU  - Siddique, Shazia M.
AU  - Falck-Ytter, Yngve
AU  - El-Serag, Hashem B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Gastroenterology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2020.03.072
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016508520304583
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Deep Restoration: from The Great Implosion to The Great Awakening
AU  - Gills, Barry
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Globalizations
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/14747731.2020.1748364
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/14747731.2020.1748364
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Reply to ocular manifestation, eye protection, and COVID-19
AU  - Lai, Tracy H. T.
AU  - Tang, Emily W. H.
AU  - Chau, Sandy K. Y.
AU  - Li, Kenneth K. W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-1
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00417-020-04663-2
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00417-020-04663-2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Inpatient Use of Mobile Continuous Telemetry for COVID-19 Patients Treated with Hydroxychloroquine and Azithromycin
AU  - Gabriels, James
AU  - Saleh, Moussa
AU  - Chang, David
AU  - Epstein, Laurence M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - HeartRhythm Case Reports
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrcr.2020.03.017
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214027120300580
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Impacts of COVID-19 on vulnerable children in temporary accommodation in the UK
AU  - Rosenthal, Diana Margot
AU  - Ucci, Marcella
AU  - Heys, Michelle
AU  - Hayward, Andrew
AU  - Lakhanpaul, Monica
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30080-3
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30080-3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Anosmia and ageusia: common findings in COVID-19 patients
AU  - Vaira, Luigi Angelo
AU  - Salzano, Giovanni
AU  - Deiana, Giovanna
AU  - De Riu, Giacomo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract In a not negligible number of patients affected by COVID-19, especially if paucisymptomatic, ageusia and anosmia can represent the first or only symptomatology present. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - The Laryngoscope
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/lary.28692
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/lary.28692
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - I May Not Have Symptoms, but COVID-19 Is a Huge Headache
AU  - Cranford, Steven W.
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 pandemic was an unprecedented surprise, to say the least. Academia is rooted in group assemblies ? from classroom to conferences ? which were promptly cancelled and/or shifted to remote efforts. Here are some perspectives from Professors involved.
JO  - Matter
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.matt.2020.03.017
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matt.2020.03.017
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How to protect the protectors: 10 lessons to learn for doctors fighting the COVID-19 Coronavirus
AU  - Udwadia, Zarir F.
AU  - Raju, Reyma Sara
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Medical Journal Armed Forces India
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mjafi.2020.03.009
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0377123720300472
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Isolation and rapid sharing of the 2019 novel coronavirus (SAR-CoV-2) from the first patient diagnosed with COVID-19 in Australia
AU  - Caly, Leon
AU  - Druce, Julian
AU  - Roberts, Jason
AU  - Bond, Katherine
AU  - Tran, Thomas
AU  - Kostecki, Renata
AU  - Yoga, Yano
AU  - Naughton, William
AU  - Taiaroa, George
AU  - Seemann, Torsten
AU  - Schultz, Mark B.
AU  - Howden, Benjamin P.
AU  - Korman, Tony M.
AU  - Lewin, Sharon R.
AU  - Williamson, Deborah A.
AU  - Catton, Mike G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Objectives To describe the first isolation and sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 in Australia and rapid sharing of the isolate. Setting SARS-CoV-2 was isolated from a 58-year-old man from Wuhan, China who arrived in Melbourne on 19 January 2020 and was admitted to the Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne from the emergency department on 24 January 2020 with fever, cough, and progressive dyspnoea. Major outcomes Clinical course and laboratory features of the first reported case of COVID-19 (the illness caused by SARS-CoV-2) in Australia; isolation, whole genome sequencing, imaging, and rapid sharing of virus from the patient. Results A nasopharyngeal swab and sputum collected when the patient presented to hospital were each positive for SARS-CoV-2 (reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction). Inoculation of Vero/hSLAM cells with material from the nasopharyngeal swab led to the isolation of SARS-CoV-2 virus in culture. Electron microscopy of the supernatant confirmed the presence of virus particles with morphology characteristic of viruses of the family Coronaviridae. Whole genome sequencing of the viral isolate and phylogenetic analysis indicated the isolate exhibited greater than 99.99% sequence identity with other publicly available SARS-CoV-2 genomes. Within 24 hours of isolation, the first Australian SARS-CoV-2 isolate was shared with local and overseas reference laboratories and major North American and European culture collections. Conclusions The ability to rapidly identify, propagate, and internationally share our SARS-CoV-2 isolate is an important step in collaborative scientific efforts to deal effectively with this international public health emergency by developing better diagnostic procedures, vaccine candidates, and antiviral agents.
JO  - Medical Journal of Australia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.5694/mja2.50569
UR  - https://doi.org/10.5694/mja2.50569
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Viruses of Respiratory Tract: an Observational Retrospective Study on Hospitalized Patients in Rome, Italy
AU  - Ciotti, Marco
AU  - Maurici, Massimo
AU  - Santoro, Viviana
AU  - Coppola, Luigi
AU  - Sarmati, Loredana
AU  - De Carolis, Gerardo
AU  - De Filippis, Patrizia
AU  - Pica, Francesca
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>Respiratory tract infections account for high morbidity and mortality around the world. Fragile patients are at high risk of developing complications such as pneumonia and may die from it. Limited information is available on the extent of the circulation of respiratory viruses in the hospital setting. Most knowledge relates to influenza viruses (FLU) but several other viruses produce flu-like illness. The study was conducted at the University Hospital Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy. Clinical and laboratory data from hospitalized patients with respiratory tract infections during the period October 2016–March 2019 were analysed. The retrospective analysis included 17 viral agents detected by FilmArray test and clinical data from medical records and hospital discharge sheets. Models were adjusted for relevant confounders such as clinical severity and risk of death, socio-demographic characteristics and surgical procedures. From a total of 539 specimens analysed, 180 (33.39%) were positive for one or more respiratory viruses. Among them, 83 (46.1 %) were positive for influenza viruses (FLU), 36 (20%) rhino/enteroviruses (RHV/EV), 17 (9.44%) human coronaviruses (HCOV-229E, -HKU1, -NL63, and -OC43), 17 (9.44%) respiratory syncytial virus, 15 (8.33%) human metapneumovirus (HMPV), 8 (4.44%) parainfluenza viruses (PIV) and 4 (2.22%) adenoviruses (ADV). The distribution of viral agents varied across age groups and month of detection. The positive specimens were from 168 patients [102 M, 66 F; median age (range): 64 years (19−93)]. Overall, 40% of them had a high-grade clinical severity and a 27% risk of death; 27 patients died and 22 of them (81.5%) had received a clinical diagnosis of pneumonia. Respiratory viral infections may have a severe course and a poor prognosis in hospitalized patients, due to underlying comorbidities. Monitoring the circulation of respiratory viruses in hospital settings is important to improve diagnosis, prevention and treatment.</p>
JO  - Microorganisms
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 8
IS  - 4
PG  - 501-501
SP  - 501
EP  - 501
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/microorganisms8040501
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/8/4/501
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chloroquine in COVID-19: the evidence
AU  - Gupta, Nitesh
AU  - Agrawal, Sumita
AU  - Ish, Pranav
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - To the Editor The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been declared as a pandemic by World Health Organisation (WHO). The global mortality has increased, especially in countries like Italy and Iran. With the increasing morbidity and mortality, search for a cure has been the global demand.
JO  - Monaldi archives for chest disease = Archivio Monaldi per le malattie del torace
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 90
IS  - 1
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4081/monaldi.2020.1290
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus can infect cats — dogs, not so much
AU  - Mallapaty, Smriti
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - But scientists say it’s unclear whether felines can spread the virus to people, so pet owners need not panic yet.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00984-8
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00984-8
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Researchers: show world leaders how to behave in a crisis
AU  - Nature
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Scientists are teaming up to fight COVID-19. Presidents and prime ministers should, too.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00926-4
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00926-4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus latest: UN postpones 2020 climate talks
AU  - Nature
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The international climate talks scheduled for November in Glasgow, Scotland, have been postponed to 2021 as a result of the ongoing coronavirus crisis, United Nations officials announced on 1 April. The climate meeting, known as COP26 – the 26th annual conference of the parties to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change – was to be the most important event since the signing of the Paris climate agreement in 2015. To date, international commitments to reduce carbon emissions have fallen well short of what would be needed to prevent more than 1.5-2°C – the stated goal of the Paris agreement; countries were expected to update and strengthen their commitments at the Glasgow meeting.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00154-w
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00154-w
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Virological assessment of hospitalized patients with COVID-2019
AU  - Wölfel, Roman
AU  - Corman, Victor M.
AU  - Guggemos, Wolfgang
AU  - Seilmaier, Michael
AU  - Zange, Sabine
AU  - Müller, Marcel A.
AU  - Niemeyer, Daniela
AU  - Jones, Terry C.
AU  - Vollmar, Patrick
AU  - Rothe, Camilla
AU  - Hoelscher, Michael
AU  - Bleicker, Tobias
AU  - Brünink, Sebastian
AU  - Schneider, Julia
AU  - Ehmann, Rosina
AU  - Zwirglmaier, Katrin
AU  - Drosten, Christian
AU  - Wendtner, Clemens
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an acute respiratory tract infection that emerged in late 20191,2. Initial outbreaks in China involved 13.8% cases with severe, and 6.1% with critical courses3. This severe presentation corresponds to the usage of a virus receptor that is expressed predominantly in the lung2,4. By causing an early onset of severe symptoms, this same receptor tropism is thought to have determined pathogenicity, but also aided the control, of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 20035. However, there are reports of COVID-19 cases with mild upper respiratory tract symptoms, suggesting the potential for pre- or oligosymptomatic transmission6–8. There is an urgent need for information on body site-specific virus replication, immunity, and infectivity. Here we provide a detailed virological analysis of nine cases, providing proof of active virus replication in upper respiratory tract tissues. Pharyngeal virus shedding was very high during the first week of symptoms (peak at 7.11 × 108 RNA copies per throat swab, day 4). Infectious virus was readily isolated from throat- and lung-derived samples, but not from stool samples, in spite of high virus RNA concentration. Blood and urine never yielded virus. Active replication in the throat was confirmed by viral replicative RNA intermediates in throat samples. Sequence-distinct virus populations were consistently detected in throat and lung samples from the same patient, proving independent replication. Shedding of viral RNA from sputum outlasted the end of symptoms. Seroconversion occurred after 7 days in 50% of patients (14 days in all), but was not followed by a rapid decline in viral load. COVID-19 can present as a mild upper respiratory tract illness. Active virus replication in the upper respiratory tract puts the prospects of COVID-19 containment in perspective.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41586-020-2196-x
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2196-x
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Digital technology and COVID-19
AU  - Ting, D. S. W.
AU  - Carin, L.
AU  - Dzau, V.
AU  - Wong, T. Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41591-020-0824-5
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2004496619 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41591-020-0824-5
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Ten Weeks to Crush the Curve
AU  - Fineberg, Harvey V.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Ten Weeks to Crush the Curve Harvey Fineberg calls for a forceful, focused campaign to eradicate Covid-19 and outlines six steps to mobilize and organize the nation to crush the curve by early June.
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - NEJMe2007263-NEJMe2007263
SP  - NEJMe2007263
EP  - NEJMe2007263
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMe2007263
UR  - http://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMe2007263
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - An Uncomplicated Delivery in a Patient with Covid-19 in the United States
AU  - Iqbal, Sara N.
AU  - Overcash, Rachael
AU  - Mokhtari, Neggin
AU  - Saeed, Haleema
AU  - Gold, Stacey
AU  - Auguste, Tamika
AU  - Mirza, Muhammad-Usman
AU  - Ruiz, Maria-Elena
AU  - Chahine, Joeffrey J.
AU  - Waga, Masashi
AU  - Wortmann, Glenn
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Uncomplicated Delivery in a Patient with Covid-19 The peripartum care of a woman with Covid-19 at 39 weeks of gestation is described. The woman and the neonate were discharged home on hospital day ...
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - NEJMc2007605-NEJMc2007605
SP  - NEJMc2007605
EP  - NEJMc2007605
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMc2007605
UR  - http://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMc2007605
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Universal Masking in Hospitals in the Covid-19 Era
AU  - Klompas, Michael
AU  - Morris, Charles A.
AU  - Sinclair, Julia
AU  - Pearson, Madelyn
AU  - Shenoy, Erica S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Universal Masking in Hospitals in the Covid-19 Era The extent of the marginal benefit of universal masking over and above foundational personal protection measures is debatable. But there may be ad...
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - NEJMp2006372-NEJMp2006372
SP  - NEJMp2006372
EP  - NEJMp2006372
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMp2006372
UR  - http://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMp2006372
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Harnessing Our Humanity — How Washington’s Health Care Workers Have Risen to the Pandemic Challenge
AU  - Rosenbaum, Lisa
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Harnessing Our Humanity As the Covid-19 pandemic spreads, we’ll continue to be plagued by resource constraints that will compromise our ability to protect ourselves, our patients, and our communiti...
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - NEJMp2007466-NEJMp2007466
SP  - NEJMp2007466
EP  - NEJMp2007466
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMp2007466
UR  - http://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMp2007466
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Obesity and its Implications for COVID-19 Mortality
AU  - Dietz, William
AU  - Santos-Burgoa, Carlos
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract A recent JAMA viewpoint regarding fatalities In Italy associated with the COVID-19 pandemic failed to mention obesity as one of the pre-existing diseases associated with death.1 It seems likely that the increased prevalence of obesity in Italy older adults compared to China may account for the differences in mortality between the two countries. Furthermore, the rising prevalence of obesity in the US and prior experience of the impact of obesity on mortality from H1N1 Influenza should increase the sensitivity of clinicians caring for patients with obesity and COVID-19 to the need for aggressive treatment of such patients.
JO  - Obesity
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/oby.22818
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.22818
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A New Symptom of COVID-19: Loss of Taste and Smell
AU  - Gautier, Jean-François
AU  - Ravussin, Yann
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Obesity
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/oby.22809
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.22809
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID 19 and the Patient with Obesity – The Editors Speak Out
AU  - Ryan, Donna H.
AU  - Ravussin, Eric
AU  - Heymsfield, Steven
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Obesity
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/oby.22808
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.22808
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How to risk-stratify elective surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic?
AU  - Stahel, Philip F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Patient Safety in Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 14
IS  - 1
PG  - 8-8
SP  - 8
EP  - 8
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s13037-020-00235-9
UR  - https://pssjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13037-020-00235-9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recommendations of management in SARS-CoV-2 infection of the Polish Association of Epidemiologists and Infectiologists
AU  - Flisiak, Robert
AU  - Horban, Andrzej
AU  - Jaroszewicz, Jerzy
AU  - Kozielewicz, Dorota
AU  - Pawłowska, Małgorzata
AU  - Parczewski, Miłosz
AU  - Piekarska, Anna
AU  - Tomasiewicz, Krzysztof
AU  - Zarębska-Michaluk, Dorota
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Polish archives of internal medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.20452/pamw.15270
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Hypertension and its severity or mortality in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): a pooled analysis
AU  - Lippi, Giuseppe
AU  - Wong, Johnny
AU  - Henry, Brandon Michael
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - INTRODUCTION: As the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, identification of clinical predictors of severe or fatal disease are necessary to enable risk stratification and optimize allocation of limited resources. Hypertension has been widely reported to be associated with increase disease severity, however, other studies have reported different findings. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the association of hypertension and severe and fatal COVID-19. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Scopus, Medline, and Web of Science was performed to identify studies reporting the rate of hypertension in COVID-19 patients with severe or non-severe disease or among survivors and non-survivors. The obtained data was pooled into a meta-analysis to calculate odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). RESULTS: Hypertension was associated with a nearly 2.5-fold significantly increased risk of severe COVID-19 disease (OR: 2.49 [95%CI: 1.98-3.12] I2=24%), as well as with a similarly significant higher risk of mortality (OR: 2.42 [95%CI: 1.51-3.90] I2=0%). In meta-regression, a significant correlation was observed with an increase in mean age of patients with severe COVID-19 associated with increased log odds of hypertension and severity (p=0.03). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this pooled analysis of the current scientific literature would suggest that hypertension may be associated with an up to 2.5-fold higher risk of severe and fatal COVID-19, especially among older individuals.
JO  - Polish archives of internal medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.20452/pamw.15272
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 63-year-old male treated for COVID-19
AU  - Sabri, Ali
AU  - Taheri, Morteza Sanei
AU  - Mahdavi, Arash
AU  - Dobranowski, Julian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Polish archives of internal medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.20452/pamw.15271
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recommendations CCAFU on the management of cancers of the urogenital system during an epidemic with Coronavirus COVID-19. TT - Recommandations CCAFU sur la prise en charge des cancers de lappareil urogenital en periode depidemie au Coronavirus COVID-19
AU  - Mejean, Arnaud
AU  - Roupret, Morgan
AU  - Rozet, Francois
AU  - Bensalah, Karim
AU  - Murez, Thibaut
AU  - Game, Xavier
AU  - Rebillard, Xavier
AU  - Mallet, Richard
AU  - Faix, Antoine
AU  - Mongiat-Artus, Pierre
AU  - Fournier, Georges
AU  - Neuzillet, Yann
AU  - Le Comite de Cancerologie de lAssociation Francaise, dUrologie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - AIM: The French population is facing the COVID-19 pandemic and the health systems have been reoriented in emergency for the care of patients with coronavirus. The management of cancers of the urinary and male genital tracts must be adapted to this context. MATERIAL AND METHOD: An expert opinion documented by a literature review was formulated by the Cancerology Committee of the French Association of Urology (CCAFU). RESULTS: The medical and surgical management of patients with any cancers of the urinary and male genital tracts must be adapted by modifying the consultation methods, by prioritizing interventions according to the intrinsic prognosis of cancers, taking into account the patient's comorbidities. The protection of urologists from COVID-19 must be considered. CONCLUSION: The CCAFU issues an expert opinion on the measure to be taken to adapt the management of cancers of the male urinary and genital tract to the context of pandemic by COVID-19. [[[fr]]]Resume Objectif: La population francaise est confrontee a la pandemie de COVID-19 et le systemes de sante a ete reoriente en urgence pour la prise en charge des patients atteint du coronavirus. La prise en charge des cancers de l'appareil urinaire et genital masculin doit etre adaptee a ce contexte. Materiel et methode: Un avis d'experts documente par une revue de la litterature a ete formule par le Comite de Cancerologie de l'Association Francaise d'Urologie (CCAFU). Resultats: La prise en charge medicale et chirurgicale des patients atteint de cancers de l'appareil urinaire et genital masculin doit etre adaptee en modifiant les modalites de consultation, en priorisant les interventions en fonction du pronostic intrinseque des cancers en tenant compte des comorbidites du patient. La protection des urologues vis-a-vis du COVID-19 doit etre prise en consideration. CONCLUSION: Le CCAFU emet un avis d'experts quant aux mesures a prendre pour adapter la prise en charge des cancers de l'appareil urinaire et genital masculin au contexte de pandemie par COVID-19.
JO  - Progres en urologie : journal de l'Association francaise d'urologie et de la Societe francaise d'urologie
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.purol.2020.03.009
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Challenges facing coronavirus disease 2019: Psychiatric services for patients with mental disorders
AU  - Cui, Long-Biao
AU  - Wang, Xiao-Hui
AU  - Wang, Hua-Ning
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract As a Public Health Emergency of International Concern declared by WHO, the current outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in China has captured the world's attention.1
JO  - Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/pcn.13003
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.13003
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Radiology Department Preparedness for COVID-19: Facing an Unexpected Outbreak of the Disease
AU  - Orsi, Marcello Alessandro
AU  - Oliva, Antonio Giancarlo
AU  - Cellina, Michaela
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 201214-201214
SP  - 201214
EP  - 201214
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1148/radiol.2020201214
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19-associated Acute Hemorrhagic Necrotizing Encephalopathy: CT and MRI Features
AU  - Poyiadji, Neo
AU  - Shahin, Gassan
AU  - Noujaim, Daniel
AU  - Stone, Michael
AU  - Patel, Suresh
AU  - Griffith, Brent
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 201187-201187
SP  - 201187
EP  - 201187
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1148/radiol.2020201187
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 3D CT of Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pneumonia
AU  - Ufuk, Furkan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This article has online supplemental material.
JO  - Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 201183-201183
SP  - 201183
EP  - 201183
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1148/radiol.2020201183
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Is the useful information about the coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) not controlled?
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Recenti Progressi in Medicina
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 111
IS  - 3
PG  - 169-170
SP  - 169
EP  - 170
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1701/3315.32860
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005368109 http://dx.doi.org/10.1701/3315.32860
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Emerging infectious diseases and outbreaks: implications for women’s reproductive health and rights in resource-poor settings
AU  - Chattu, Vijay Kumar
AU  - Yaya, Sanni
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This century is witnessing dramatic changes in the health needs of the world’s populations. The double burden of infectious and chronic diseases constitutes major causes of morbidity and mortality. Over the last two decades, there has been a rise in infectious diseases, including the severe acute respiratory syndrome virus (SARS), the H1N1 pandemic influenza, the Ebolavirus and the Covid-19 virus. These diseases have rapidly spread across the world and have reminded us of the unprecedented connectivity that defines our modern civilization. Though some countries have made substantial progress toward improving global surveillance for emerging infectious diseases (EIDs), the vast majority of Low-and Middle-income Countries (LMICs) with fragile health systems and various system-related bottlenecks remain vulnerable to outbreaks and, as such, experience dramatic social and economic consequences when they are reported. Lessons learned from past outbreaks suggest that gender inequalities are common across a range of health issues relating to Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights (SRHR), with women being particularly disadvantaged, partially due to the burden placed on them. Though these countries are striving to improve their health systems and be more inclusive to this vulnerable group, the national/ global outbreaks have burdened the overall system and thus paralyzed normal services dedicated to the delivery of Sexual and Reproductive Health (SRH) services. In this paper, we discuss the global commitments to SRH, the impact of the EIDs on the LMICs, the failure in the delivery of SRH services, and the strategies for successful implementation of recovery plans that must address the specific and differentiated needs of women and girls in resource-poor settings.
JO  - Reproductive Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 17
IS  - 1
PG  - 43-43
SP  - 43
EP  - 43
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s12978-020-0899-y
UR  - https://reproductive-health-journal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12978-020-0899-y
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The coronavirus pandemic: How can design help?
AU  - Reich, Yoram
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Research in Engineering Design
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00163-020-00337-6
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00163-020-00337-6
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Maladies respiratoires, allergies et infections à COVID-19 Premières Nouvelles de Wuhan
AU  - Kanny, Gisèle
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Revue Française d'Allergologie
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reval.2020.03.003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877032020303109
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - ‘We have no choice.’ Pandemic forces polio eradication group to halt campaigns
AU  - Roberts, Leslie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Going door-to-door to deliver the oral polio vaccine would put both communities and health workers at risk of COVID-19. The COVID-19 pandemic is imperiling the worldwide, 3-decade drive to wipe out polio. In an unprecedented move, the Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) has recommended suspending polio vaccination campaigns to help stop the spread of the novel coronavirus. On 24 March, GPEI’s leadership called on all countries to postpone until at least the second half of this year both mass campaigns to boost immunity to the polio virus and the targeted campaigns underway in Africa to stop outbreaks sparked by the live virus vaccine itself.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abc0263
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/04/we-have-no-choice-pandemic-forces-polio-eradication-group-halt-campaigns#
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The United States leads in coronavirus cases, but not pandemic response
AU  - Staff, Science News
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - America is first, and not in a good way. Last week, the United States set a grim record, surpassing all other nations in the reported number of people infected with the coronavirus that causes COVID-19. As of this morning, officials have documented nearly 190,000; the death toll neared 4100. Even President Donald Trump—who just 1 month ago claimed the virus was “very much under control”—has warned that the pandemic is about to get much worse. To limit the damage, Trump announced on 29 March that federal recommendations to practice physical distancing would re­main in place at least through the end of April, dropping his much-criticized push for a faster return to business as usual. In the meantime, officials across the nation are scrambling to find enough ventilators, protective gear, and supplies for hospitals overwhelmed with COVID-19 patients—or about to be. Many state governors ratcheted up restrictions intended to slow the pandemic, imposing stay-at-home orders that some said could last into June.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abc0192
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/04/united-states-leads-coronavirus-cases-not-pandemic-response
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Characteristic feature in COVID-19 statistics in China
AU  - Toshiyoshi, Hiroshi
AU  - Cao, Lang
AU  - Aihara, Kazuyuki
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - SEISAN KENKYU
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 72
IS  - 2
PG  - 139-140
SP  - 139
EP  - 140
AN  - 
DO  - 10.11188/seisankenkyu.72.139
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Outbreak: an Update on Therapeutic Options
AU  - Panati, Kalpana
AU  - Narala, Venkata Ramireddy
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - SN Comprehensive Clinical Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s42399-020-00264-6
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s42399-020-00264-6
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19
AU  - Schmitt, Caroline
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 stellt die Soziale Arbeit vor neue und alte Herausforderungen. Die Pandemie macht den Ausschluss marginalisierter Personengruppen und globale Ungleichheiten besonders sichtbar. Der Beitrag versteht die Corona-Pandemie als „Katastrophe“ und stellt erste Überlegungen dazu an, wie Soziale Arbeit ihren gesellschaftlichen Auftrag angesichts von COVID-19 ausgestalten und sich nachhaltig in der Katastrophenhilfe verankern kann.
JO  - Sozial Extra
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-5
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12054-020-00284-5
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12054-020-00284-5
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Challenges and Potential Solutions of Stroke Care During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak
AU  - Zhao, Jing
AU  - Rudd, Anthony
AU  - Liu, Renyu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Stroke
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - STROKEAHA120029701-STROKEAHA120029701
SP  - STROKEAHA120029701
EP  - STROKEAHA120029701
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1161/STROKEAHA.120.029701
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32228369
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Structural Heart Disease during a Pandemic
AU  - DeMaria, Anthony N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Structural Heart
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - null-null
SP  - null
EP  - null
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/24748706.2020.1750179
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/24748706.2020.1750179
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Implications for Online Management: Two Cases with COVID-19
AU  - Huang, Sufang
AU  - Xiao, Yaru
AU  - Yan, Li
AU  - Deng, Juan
AU  - He, Mei
AU  - Lu, Jun
AU  - Ke, Shun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Satisfactory outcome was observed in one mild case and one severe case of COVID-19 pneumonia after the use of the online/offline multidisciplinary quarantine observation form, online monitoring, an...
JO  - Telemedicine and e-Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - tmj.2020.0066-tmj.2020.0066
SP  - tmj.2020.0066
EP  - tmj.2020.0066
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1089/tmj.2020.0066
UR  - https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/tmj.2020.0066
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Why the immune system fails to mount an adaptive immune response to a Covid -19 infection
AU  - Ahmadpoor, P.
AU  - Rostaing, L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract The Covid-19 pandemic has already affected many thousands of people and has become the greatest health challenge worldwide [1]. The range of clinical presentations varies from asymptomatic and mild clinical symptoms to acute respiratory-distress syndrome (ARDS) and death. Due to the unknown number of asymptomatic viral-shedding and pauci-symptomatic people in the community, the total number of infections is uncertain. As yet, effective treatment is unavailable. However, the results of preliminary studies and clinical trials are improving our understanding of the pathogenesis and treatment of Covid-19. Herein, we share our personal opinions on the immunopathogenesis of this infection.
JO  - Transplant International
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/tri.13611
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/tri.13611
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and COVID-19 infection during pregnancy
AU  - Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101641-101641
SP  - 101641
EP  - 101641
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101641
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893920301095
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Rapid Assessment and Early Warning Models for COVID-19
AU  - Bai, Zhihua
AU  - Gong, Yue
AU  - Tian, Xiaodong
AU  - Cao, Ying
AU  - Liu, Wenjun
AU  - Li, Jing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Human beings have experienced a serious public health event as the new pneumonia (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus has killed more than 3000 people in China, most of them elderly or people with underlying chronic diseases or immunosuppressed states. Rapid assessment and early warning are essential for outbreak analysis in response to serious public health events. This paper reviews the current model analysis methods and conclusions from both micro and macro perspectives. The establishment of a comprehensive assessment model, and the use of model analysis prediction, is very efficient for the early warning of infectious diseases. This would significantly improve global surveillance capacity, particularly in developing regions, and improve basic training in infectious diseases and molecular epidemiology.
JO  - Virologica Sinica
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-8
SP  - 1
EP  - 8
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12250-020-00219-0
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12250-020-00219-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Lu, Renfei
AU  - Wu, Xiuming
AU  - Wan, Zhenzhou
AU  - Li, Yingxue
AU  - Zuo, Lulu
AU  - Qin, Jianru
AU  - Jin, Xia
AU  - Zhang, Chiyu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Virologica Sinica
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12250-020-00218-1
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12250-020-00218-1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - New coronavirus pneumonia and outbreak epidemic virus and eye disease
AU  - Yin, S.
AU  - Zhang, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since the outbreak of the new coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) in Wuhan City, China, the main transmission mode as well as the diagnosis and treatment of NCP have become a focus of research in China and World Health Organization.Understanding the mode of infection, transmission and biological behavior of the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) is undoubtedly a key of cutting off the spread and prevention of the disease which doctors are fearing to be a worldwide epidemic.In February 2020, Lancet published a correspondence paper, which reviewed a case of NCP patient who first started with conjunctivitis, and raised the issue that the transmission of 2019-nCoV through the ocular surface must not be ignored, causing widespread concern.However, due to a lack of clinical observation data and laboratory research at present, the relationship between NCP pathogen infection and ocular surface infection is not completely clear.So far, there have been many studies and reports on the observation of large-scale epidemic virus infections and eye diseases.This article reviews the eye performance of various types of epidemic virus infections and provides a reference for NCP prevention and control.
JO  - Zhonghua Shiyan Yanke Zazhi/Chinese Journal of Experimental Ophthalmology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 38
IS  - 2
PG  - 156-160
SP  - 156
EP  - 160
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.2095-0160.2020.02.014
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005433194 http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.issn.2095-0160.2020.02.014
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Exploration of omics mechanism and drug prediction of coronavirus-induced heart failure based on clinical bioinformatics]
AU  - Chen, X. M.
AU  - Cao, F.
AU  - Zhang, H. M.
AU  - Chen, H. R.
AU  - Zhang, J. D.
AU  - Zhi, P.
AU  - Li, Z. Y.
AU  - Wang, Y. X.
AU  - Lu, X. C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: Present study investigated the mechanism of heart failure associated with coronavirus infection and predicted potential effective therapeutic drugs against heart failure associated with coronavirus infection. Methods: Coronavirus and heart failure were searched in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and omics data were selected to meet experimental requirements. Differentially expressed genes were analyzed using the Limma package in R language to screen for differentially expressed genes. The two sets of differential genes were introduced into the R language cluster Profiler package for gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto gene and genome encyclopedia (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis. Two sets of intersections were taken. A protein interaction network was constructed for all differentially expressed genes using STRING database and core genes were screened. Finally, the apparently accurate treatment prediction platform (EpiMed) independently developed by the team was used to predict the therapeutic drug. Results: The GSE59185 coronavirus data set was searched and screened in the GEO database, and divided into wt group, ΔE group, Δ3 group, Δ5 group according to different subtypes, and compared with control group. After the difference analysis, 191 up-regulated genes and 18 down-regulated genes were defined. The GEO126062 heart failure data set was retrieved and screened from the GEO database. A total of 495 differentially expressed genes were screened, of which 165 were up-regulated and 330 were down-regulated. Correlation analysis of differentially expressed genes between coronavirus and heart failure was performed. After cross processing, there were 20 GO entries, which were mainly enriched in virus response, virus defense response, type Ⅰ interferon response, γ interferon regulation, innate immune response regulation, negative regulation of virus life cycle, replication regulation of viral genome, etc . There are 5 KEGG pathways, mainly interacting with tumor necrosis factor signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway, cytokine and receptor interaction, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, human giant cells viral infection related. All differentially expressed genes were introduced into the SREING online analysis website for protein interaction network analysis, and core genes such as signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, IL-10, IL17, TNF, interferon regulatory factor 9, 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase 1, mitogen-activated protein kinase 3, radical s-adenosyl methionine domain containing 2, c-x-c motif chemokine ligand 10, caspase 3 and other genes were screened. The drugs predicted by EpiMed's apparent precision treatment prediction platform for disease-drug association analysis are mainly TNF-α inhibitors, resveratrol, ritonavir, paeony, retinoic acid, forsythia, and houttuynia cordata. Conclusions: The abnormal activation of multiple inflammatory pathways may be the cause of heart failure in patients after coronavirus infection. Resveratrol, ritonavir, retinoic acid, amaranth, forsythia, houttuynia may have therapeutic effects. Future basic and clinical research is warranted to validate present results and hypothesis.
JO  - Zhonghua xin xue guan bing za zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 48
IS  - 0
PG  - E013-E013
SP  - E013
EP  - E013
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20200308-00172
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 公共衛生緊急事件與2019新型冠狀病毒（COVID-19）之法政議題
AU  - 林展甲
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 台灣公共衛生雜誌
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 39
IS  - 1
PG  - 5-7
SP  - 5
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - 10.6288/tjph.202002_39(1).109005
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 共軍與COVID-19（武漢肺炎）：軍改後後勤動員的挑戰
AU  - 丁樹範
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 展望與探索月刊
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 18
IS  - 3
PG  - 2-8
SP  - 2
EP  - 8
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19（武漢肺炎）對兩岸關係影響評析
AU  - 劉燈鐘
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 展望與探索月刊
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 18
IS  - 3
PG  - 18-24
SP  - 18
EP  - 24
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 從COVID-19（武漢肺炎）事件看中國大陸的訊息管控
AU  - 張裕亮
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 展望與探索月刊
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 18
IS  - 3
PG  - 9-17
SP  - 9
EP  - 17
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 從COVID-19（武漢肺炎）看中國大陸防疫體制
AU  - 王任賢
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 展望與探索月刊
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 18
IS  - 3
PG  - 31-35
SP  - 31
EP  - 35
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19（武漢肺炎）對中國大陸經濟影響評析
AU  - 王國臣
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 展望與探索月刊
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 18
IS  - 3
PG  - 36-44
SP  - 36
EP  - 44
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 從COVID-19（武漢肺炎）事件看中國大陸的治理
AU  - 蔡文軒
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 展望與探索月刊
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 18
IS  - 3
PG  - 25-30
SP  - 25
EP  - 30
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Workplace Safety and Health Guidance in Response to the Outbreak of Severe Pneumonia with Novel Pathogens (2019-nCoV)
AU  - Ying-hong, Shih
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 理律法律雜誌（英文）
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 2020
IS  - 2
PG  - 14-15
SP  - 14
EP  - 15
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 公共衛生緊急事件與2019新型冠狀病毒(Covid-19)之法政議題
AU  - 林展甲
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 臺灣公共衛生雜誌
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 39卷1期
IS  - 
PG  - 頁5-7
SP  - 頁5
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 護理人員照護新型冠狀病毒感染病患心靈記事－某中台灣醫院的2例經驗
AU  - 李周燕
AU  - 凌正華
AU  - 劉翎玲
AU  - 葉麗月
AU  - 洪弘昌
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 本文是為照護兩位新型冠狀病毒疾病Coronavirus disease 2019（COVID-19）感染個案入住負壓隔離病房後，病人所面臨身體、心理、與社會等各方面改變所引發的護理問題。筆者藉由臨床觀察及電話訪談蒐集資料，提供合宜，個別護理措施，包含鼓勵個案情緒抒發與耐心傾聽心中感受，適時提供適當的心理支持。利用音樂紓壓，引導個案以正向態度面對此次疾病，同時協助個案在出院後恢復正常生活，希望此報告能提供護理人員在照顧類似個案之參考。 We reported our nursing experience about caring two cases for Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infected diseases patients, mainly focused on the mental health care. Patients admitted in the negative pressure isolation ward might having care needs in physical, mental, and social dimensions. According to our clinical observation and telephone interviews with patients, we suggested personalized nursing cares by listening, music relaxation, and emotional expression might be the suitable methods to lead patients to release their acute stress status.
JO  - 醫學與健康期刊
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
PG  - 153-160
SP  - 153
EP  - 160
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 傳染病防治醫療網應變醫院之COVID-19感染管制作為：以北區為例
AU  - 梁瑞芳
AU  - 陳彩惠
AU  - 徐永年
AU  - 范姜宇龍
AU  - 鄭明德
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 面對各種新興傳染病患時，平時的反覆訓練及嚴格遵守感染控制準則極為重要，北區傳染病防治醫療網應變醫院透過歷年對新興傳染病經驗累積彙整而成的醫院「疫情整備期單位自我查檢表」及其他整備表單，讓院內全體單位及同仁在有限時間裡，迅速自我檢查及整備完成，能隨時準備迎戰這無聲的敵人。作者醫院在台灣首例新型冠狀病毒感染病（COVID-19）照護成功的經驗顯示，除了扎實的人員訓練，優質的團隊溝通也是防疫成功重要關鍵，所有照顧病患人員都能遵從規定，減少環境暴露，提升整體安全；也藉由團體成員的互相支持，減少心理壓力。該醫院後續又透過嚴謹的感染疾病管制作為執行多位「符合通報定義」個案的住院篩檢及多位COVID-19確診個案的治療，保障同仁安全，降低院內感染風險，因此藉此文分享該醫院感染管制作為。 In the battle of beating some highly contagious infectious disease, following the infection control measures and regulations would be crucial, especially encountering with an unfamiliar and novel infection disease-Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19), developed in China since December, 2019. In the present article, the well-organized serial self-check lists are shown that could be followed by each unit and all the staffs in a communicable disease control medical network strain hospital in northern Taiwan. Otherwise, the comprehensive training, sufficient protective devices and good social and family support are still important.
JO  - 醫學與健康期刊
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
PG  - 139-152
SP  - 139
EP  - 152
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19, Australia: Epidemiology Report 8 (Reporting period from 19:00 AEDT 14 March to 23:59 AEDT 22 March 2020)
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This is the eighth epidemiological report for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), reported in Australia as at 23:59 Australian Eastern Daylight Time [AEDT] 22 March 2020. It includes data on COVID-19 cases diagnosed in Australia, the international situation and a review of current evidence.
JO  - Commun Dis Intell (2018)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32223725
DO  - 10.33321/cdi.2020.44.28
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Acetazolamide, Nifedipine and Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors: Rationale for Their Utilization as Adjunctive Countermeasures in the Treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
AU  - Solaimanzadeh, Isaac
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Effective treatments for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak are urgently needed. While anti-viral approaches and vaccines are being considered immediate countermeasures are unavailable. The aim of this article is to outline a perspective on the pathophysiology of COVID-19 in the context of the currently available clinical data published in the literature. This article appreciates clinical data published on COVID-19 in the context of another respiratory illness - high altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE). Both conditions have significant similarities that portend pathophysiologic trajectories. Following this potential treatment options emerge. Both COVID-19 and HAPE exhibit a decreased ratio of arterial oxygen partial pressure to fractional inspired oxygen with concomitant hypoxia and tachypnea. There also appears to be a tendency for low carbon dioxide levels in both as well. Radiologic findings of ground glass opacities are present in up to 86% of patients with COVID-19 in addition to patchy infiltrates. Patients with HAPE also exhibit patchy infiltrates throughout the pulmonary fields, often in an asymmetric pattern and CT findings reveal increased lung markings and ground glass-like changes as well. Widespread ground-glass opacities are most commonly a manifestation of hydrostatic pulmonary edema. Similarly, elevated fibrinogen levels in both conditions are likely an epiphenomenon of edema formation rather than coagulation activation. Autopsy results of a COVID-19 fatality revealed bilateral diffuse alveolar damage associated with pulmonary edema, pro-inflammatory concentrates, and indications of early-phase acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). HAPE itself is initially caused by an increase in pulmonary capillary pressure and induces altered alveolar-capillary permeability via high pulmonary artery hydrostatic pressures that lead to a protein-rich and mildly hemorrhagic edema. It appears that COVID-19 and HAPE both discretely converge on ARDS. In light of this, a countermeasure that has been shown to be effective in the analogous condition of HAPE is Acetazolamide. Acetazolamide has a myriad of effects on different organ systems, potently reduces hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction, improves minute ventilation and expired vital capacity. Other therapeutics to consider that are also directed towards decreased pulmonary pressure include Nifedipine and Phosphodiesterase inhibitors. This review describes COVID-19 in parallel to HAPE. Deranged respiratory parameters that are present in both conditions are highlighted. The utilization of medications found to be effective in HAPE, for the treatment of COVID-19, is proposed. Given the medical emergency of a growing contagion and the thousands of lives at stake, expedient attempts to improve survival are needed. Acetazolamide, Nifedipine and Phosphodiesterase inhibitors may be potential countermeasures.
JO  - Cureus
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32226695
DO  - 10.7759/cureus.7343
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and Diabetes: can DPP4 inhibition play a role?
AU  - Iacobellis, Gianluca
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Diabetes Res Clin Pract
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32224164
DO  - 10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108125
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: The outbreak caused by a new coronavirus
AU  - Sifuentes-Rodriguez, Erika
AU  - Palacios-Reyes, Deborah
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Before the severe acute respiratory syndrome outbreak in 2003, coronaviruses (CoVs) were not considered to be highly pathogenic to humans. However, it was this epidemic that highlighted this group of viruses and included them among the causative agents of emerging epidemic diseases. In addition, in 2012, another new CoV responsible for the Middle East respiratory syndrome was identified. Both infections were considered a threat to global health security. At present, the third epidemic caused by a CoV is being faced. This new CoV, called 2019-nCoV, was originated in the city of Wuhan, China, and has been linked to severe respiratory infections in humans. Thanks to the collaboration of experts worldwide, more information about this virus and its infection is reported each day, which allows modifying the recommendations for its prevention and treatment, without forgetting that the ultimate goal is to control this epidemic. In this review, the important aspects of this new coronavirus, 2019-nCoV, and its disease, COVID-19, have been summarized with the information available up to February 2020.
JO  - Bol Med Hosp Infant Mex
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32226003
DO  - 10.24875/BMHIM.20000039
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Letter to the editor: Headline stress disorder caused by Netnews during the outbreak of COVID-19
AU  - Dong, Mengyuan
AU  - Zheng, Jin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Health Expect
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32227627
DO  - 10.1111/hex.13055
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - ECMO for ARDS due to COVID-19
AU  - Namendys-Silva, Silvio A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Heart Lung
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32223988
DO  - 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2020.03.012
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The global battle against SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19
AU  - Deng, Chu-Xia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Int J Biol Sci
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32226284
DO  - 10.7150/ijbs.45587
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Progression of Mental Health Services during the COVID-19 Outbreak in China
AU  - Li, Wen
AU  - Yang, Yuan
AU  - Liu, Zi-Han
AU  - Zhao, Yan-Jie
AU  - Zhang, Qinge
AU  - Zhang, Ling
AU  - Cheung, Teris
AU  - Xiang, Yu-Tao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has been rapidly transmitted in China, Macau, Hong Kong, and other Asian and European counterparts. This COVID-19 epidemic has aroused increasing attention nationwide. Patients, health professionals, and the general public are under insurmountable psychological pressure which may lead to various psychological problems, such as anxiety, fear, depression, and insomnia. Psychological crisis intervention plays a pivotal role in the overall deployment of the disease control. The National Health Commission of China has summoned a call for emergency psychological crisis intervention and thus, various mental health associations and organizations have established expert teams to compile guidelines and public health educational articles/videos for mental health professionals and the general public alongside with online mental health services. In addition, mental health professionals and expert groups are stationed in designated isolation hospitals to provide on-site services. Experts have reached a consensus on the admission of patients with severe mental illness during the COVID-19 outbreak in mental health institutions. Nevertheless, the rapid transmission of the COVID-19 has emerged to mount a serious challenge to the mental health service in China.
JO  - Int J Biol Sci
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
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PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32226291
DO  - 10.7150/ijbs.45120
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 RNA shedding in clinical specimens and clinical characteristics of 10 patients with COVID-19 in Macau
AU  - Lo, Iek Long
AU  - Lio, Chon Fu
AU  - Cheong, Hou Hon
AU  - Lei, Chin Ion
AU  - Cheong, Tak Hong
AU  - Zhong, Xu
AU  - Tian, Yakun
AU  - Sin, Nin Ngan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As a city famous for tourism, the public healthcare system of Macau SAR has been under great pressure during the outbreak of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). In this study, we report clinical and microbiological features of ten COVID-19 patients enrolled in the Centro Hospitalar Conde de Sao Januario (CHCSJ) between January 21 to February 16, 2020. Clinical samples from all patients including nasopharyngeal swab (NPS)/sputum, urine, and feces were collected for serial virus RNA testing by standard qRT-PCR assay. In total, seven were imported cases and three were local cases. The median duration from Macau arrival to admission in imported cases was 3 days. Four patients required oxygen therapy but none of them needed machinal ventilation. No fatal cases were noted. The most common symptoms were fever (80%) and diarrhea (80%). In the "Severe" group, there was significantly more elderly patients (p=0.045), higher lactate dehydrogenase levels (p=0.002), and elevated C-Reactive protein levels compared to the "Mild to Moderate" group (p<0.001). There were positive SARS-CoV-2 RNA signals in all patients' NPS and stool specimens but negative in all urine specimens. Based on our data on SARS-CoV-2 RNA shedding in stool and the possibility of a lag in viral detection in NPS specimens, the assessment of both fecal and respiratory specimen is recommended to enhance diagnostic sensitivity, and also to aid discharge decision before the role of viral RNA shedding in stool is clarified.
JO  - Int J Biol Sci
PB  - 
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VL  - 
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PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32226287
DO  - 10.7150/ijbs.45357
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Tribute to health workers in China: A group of respectable population during the outbreak of the COVID-19
AU  - Xiang, Yu-Tao
AU  - Jin, Yu
AU  - Wang, Yu
AU  - Zhang, Qinge
AU  - Zhang, Ling
AU  - Cheung, Teris
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The health authorities reported that 3,019 Chinese health workers were infected with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), of whom, ten died. This article explored relevant reasons and offered suggestions to reduce the risk of infection and provide emergency psychological response for this population.
JO  - Int J Biol Sci
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
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PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32226292
DO  - 10.7150/ijbs.45135
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - The COVID-19 outbreak and psychiatric hospitals in China: managing challenges through mental health service reform
AU  - Xiang, Yu-Tao
AU  - Zhao, Yan-Jie
AU  - Liu, Zi-Han
AU  - Li, Xiao-Hong
AU  - Zhao, Na
AU  - Cheung, Teris
AU  - Ng, Chee H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Recently, more than 300 Chinese patients with psychiatric disorders were diagnosed with the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Possible reasons quoted in the report were the lack of caution regarding the COVID-19 outbreak in January and insufficient supplies of protective gear. We outlined major challenges for patients with psychiatric disorders and mental health professionals during the COVID-19 outbreak, and also discussed how to manage these challenges through further mental health service reform in China.
JO  - Int J Biol Sci
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
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PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32226293
DO  - 10.7150/ijbs.45072
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Targeting the Endocytic Pathway and Autophagy Process as a Novel Therapeutic Strategy in COVID-19
AU  - Yang, Naidi
AU  - Shen, Han-Ming
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronaviruses (CoVs) are a group of enveloped, single-stranded positive genomic RNA viruses and some of them are known to cause severe respiratory diseases in human, including Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and the ongoing coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). One key element in viral infection is the process of viral entry into the host cells. In the last two decades, there is increasing understanding on the importance of the endocytic pathway and the autophagy process in viral entry and replication. As a result, the endocytic pathway including endosome and lysosome has become important targets for development of therapeutic strategies in combating diseases caused by CoVs. In this mini-review, we will focus on the importance of the endocytic pathway as well as the autophagy process in viral infection of several pathogenic CoVs inclusive of SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and the new CoV named as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and discuss the development of therapeutic agents by targeting these processes. Such knowledge will provide important clues for control of the ongoing epidemic of SARS-CoV-2 infection and treatment of COVID-19.
JO  - Int J Biol Sci
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
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PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32226290
DO  - 10.7150/ijbs.45498
UR  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Treatment of Patients Infected with 2019-New Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2): A Review and Perspective
AU  - Yang, Yang
AU  - Islam, Md Sahidul
AU  - Wang, Jin
AU  - Li, Yuan
AU  - Chen, Xin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Currently, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, formerly known as 2019-nCoV, the causative pathogen of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)) has rapidly spread across China and around the world, causing an outbreak of acute infectious pneumonia. No specific anti-virus drugs or vaccines are available for the treatment of this sudden and lethal disease. The supportive care and non-specific treatment to ameliorate the symptoms of the patient are the only options currently. At the top of these conventional therapies, greater than 85% of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients in China are receiving Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) treatment. In this article, relevant published literatures are thoroughly reviewed and current applications of TCM in the treatment of COVID-19 patients are analyzed. Due to the homology in epidemiology, genomics, and pathogenesis of the SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV, and the widely use of TCM in the treatment of SARS-CoV, the clinical evidence showing the beneficial effect of TCM in the treatment of patients with SARS coronaviral infections are discussed. Current experiment studies that provide an insight into the mechanism underlying the therapeutic effect of TCM, and those studies identified novel naturally occurring compounds with anti-coronaviral activity are also introduced.
JO  - Int J Biol Sci
PB  - 
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VL  - 
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PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32226288
DO  - 10.7150/ijbs.45538
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Zoonotic origins of human coronaviruses
AU  - Ye, Zi-Wei
AU  - Yuan, Shuofeng
AU  - Yuen, Kit-San
AU  - Fung, Sin-Yee
AU  - Chan, Chi-Ping
AU  - Jin, Dong-Yan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Mutation and adaptation have driven the co-evolution of coronaviruses (CoVs) and their hosts, including human beings, for thousands of years. Before 2003, two human CoVs (HCoVs) were known to cause mild illness, such as common cold. The outbreaks of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) have flipped the coin to reveal how devastating and life-threatening an HCoV infection could be. The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 in central China at the end of 2019 has thrusted CoVs into the spotlight again and surprised us with its high transmissibility but reduced pathogenicity compared to its sister SARS-CoV. HCoV infection is a zoonosis and understanding the zoonotic origins of HCoVs would serve us well. Most HCoVs originated from bats where they are non-pathogenic. The intermediate reservoir hosts of some HCoVs are also known. Identifying the animal hosts has direct implications in the prevention of human diseases. Investigating CoV-host interactions in animals might also derive important insight on CoV pathogenesis in humans. In this review, we present an overview of the existing knowledge about the seven HCoVs, with a focus on the history of their discovery as well as their zoonotic origins and interspecies transmission. Importantly, we compare and contrast the different HCoVs from a perspective of virus evolution and genome recombination. The current CoV disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic is discussed in this context. In addition, the requirements for successful host switches and the implications of virus evolution on disease severity are also highlighted.
JO  - Int J Biol Sci
PB  - 
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VL  - 
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PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32226286
DO  - 10.7150/ijbs.45472
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: what has been learned and to be learned about the novel coronavirus disease
AU  - Yi, Ye
AU  - Lagniton, Philip N. P.
AU  - Ye, Sen
AU  - Li, Enqin
AU  - Xu, Ren-He
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has thus far killed over 3,000 people and infected over 80,000 in China and elsewhere in the world, resulting in catastrophe for humans. Similar to its homologous virus, SARS-CoV, which caused SARS in thousands of people in 2003, SARS-CoV-2 might also be transmitted from the bats and causes similar symptoms through a similar mechanism. However, COVID-19 has lower severity and mortality than SARS but is much more transmissive and affects more elderly individuals than youth and more men than women. In response to the rapidly increasing number of publications on the emerging disease, this article attempts to provide a timely and comprehensive review of the swiftly developing research subject. We will cover the basics about the epidemiology, etiology, virology, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis, and prevention of the disease. Although many questions still require answers, we hope that this review helps in the understanding and eradication of the threatening disease.
JO  - Int J Biol Sci
PB  - 
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PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32226295
DO  - 10.7150/ijbs.45134
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2: an Emerging Coronavirus that Causes a Global Threat
AU  - Zheng, Jun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - An ongoing outbreak of pneumonia caused by a novel coronavirus, currently designated as the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), was reported recently. However, as SARS-CoV-2 is an emerging virus, we know little about it. In this review, we summarize the key events occurred during the early stage of SARS-CoV-2 outbreak, the basic characteristics of the pathogen, the signs and symptoms of the infected patients as well as the possible transmission pathways of the virus. Furthermore, we also review the current knowledge on the origin and evolution of the SARS-CoV-2. We highlight bats as the potential natural reservoir and pangolins as the possible intermediate host of the virus, but their roles are waiting for further investigation. Finally, the advances in the development of chemotherapeutic options are also briefly summarized.
JO  - Int J Biol Sci
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32226285
DO  - 10.7150/ijbs.45053
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards COVID-19 among Chinese residents during the rapid rise period of the COVID-19 outbreak: a quick online cross-sectional survey
AU  - Zhong, Bao-Liang
AU  - Luo, Wei
AU  - Li, Hai-Mei
AU  - Zhang, Qian-Qian
AU  - Liu, Xiao-Ge
AU  - Li, Wen-Tian
AU  - Li, Yi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Unprecedented measures have been adopted to control the rapid spread of the ongoing COVID-19 epidemic in China. People's adherence to control measures is affected by their knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) towards COVID-19. In this study, we investigated Chinese residents' KAP towards COVID-19 during the rapid rise period of the outbreak. An online sample of Chinese residents was successfully recruited via the authors' networks with residents and popular media in Hubei, China. A self-developed online KAP questionnaire was completed by the participants. The knowledge questionnaire consisted of 12 questions regarding the clinical characteristics and prevention of COVID-19. Assessments on residents' attitudes and practices towards COVID-19 included questions on confidence in winning the battle against COVID-19 and wearing masks when going out in recent days. Among the survey completers (n=6910), 65.7% were women, 63.5% held a bachelor degree or above, and 56.2% engaged in mental labor. The overall correct rate of the knowledge questionnaire was 90%. The majority of the respondents (97.1%) had confidence that China can win the battle against COVID-19. Nearly all of the participants (98.0%) wore masks when going out in recent days. In multiple logistic regression analyses, the COVID-19 knowledge score (OR: 0.75-0.90, P<0.001) was significantly associated with a lower likelihood of negative attitudes and preventive practices towards COVID-2019. Most Chinese residents of a relatively high socioeconomic status, in particular women, are knowledgeable about COVID-19, hold optimistic attitudes, and have appropriate practices towards COVID-19. Health education programs aimed at improving COVID-19 knowledge are helpful for Chinese residents to hold optimistic attitudes and maintain appropriate practices. Due to the limited sample representativeness, we must be cautious when generalizing these findings to populations of a low socioeconomic status.
JO  - Int J Biol Sci
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
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PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32226294
DO  - 10.7150/ijbs.45221
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Perspectives on therapeutic neutralizing antibodies against the Novel Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Zhou, Guangyu
AU  - Zhao, Qi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A newly identified novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is causing pneumonia-associated respiratory syndrome across the world. Epidemiology, genomics, and pathogenesis of the SARS-CoV-2 show high homology with that of SARS-CoV. Current efforts are focusing on development of specific antiviral drugs. Therapeutic neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) against SARS-CoV-2 will be greatly important therapeutic agents for the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Herein, the host immune responses against SARS-CoV discussed in this review provide implications for developing NAbs and understanding clinical interventions against SARS-CoV-2. Further, we describe the benefits, challenges and considerations of NAbs against SARS-CoV-2. Although many challenges exist, NAbs still offer a therapeutic option to control the current pandemic and the possible re-emergence of the virus in the future, and their development therefore remains a high priority.
JO  - Int J Biol Sci
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32226289
DO  - 10.7150/ijbs.45123
UR  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Evolving reporting criteria of COVID-19 in Taiwan during the epidemic
AU  - Huang, Yhu-Chering
AU  - Lee, Ping-Ing
AU  - Hsueh, Po-Ren
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Microbiol Immunol Infect
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32224117
DO  - 10.1016/j.jmii.2020.03.014
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Fear of COVID-19 Scale: Development and Initial Validation
AU  - Ahorsu, Daniel Kwasi
AU  - Lin, Chung-Ying
AU  - Imani, Vida
AU  - Saffari, Mohsen
AU  - Griffiths, Mark D.
AU  - Pakpour, Amir H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background: The emergence of the COVID-19 and its consequences has led to fears, worries, and anxiety among individuals worldwide. The present study developed the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) to complement the clinical efforts in preventing the spread and treating of COVID-19 cases. Methods: The sample comprised 717 Iranian participants. The items of the FCV-19S were constructed based on extensive review of existing scales on fears, expert evaluations, and participant interviews. Several psychometric tests were conducted to ascertain its reliability and validity properties. Results: After panel review and corrected item-total correlation testing, seven items with acceptable corrected item-total correlation (0.47 to 0.56) were retained and further confirmed by significant and strong factor loadings (0.66 to 0.74). Also, other properties evaluated using both classical test theory and Rasch model were satisfactory on the seven-item scale. More specifically, reliability values such as internal consistency (alpha = .82) and test-retest reliability (ICC = .72) were acceptable. Concurrent validity was supported by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (with depression, r = 0.425 and anxiety, r = 0.511) and the Perceived Vulnerability to Disease Scale (with perceived infectability, r = 0.483 and germ aversion, r = 0.459). Conclusion: The Fear of COVID-19 Scale, a seven-item scale, has robust psychometric properties. It is reliable and valid in assessing fear of COVID-19 among the general population and will also be useful in allaying COVID-19 fears among individuals.
JO  - Int J Ment Health Addict
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32226353
DO  - 10.1007/s11469-020-00270-8
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: Pandemic Contingency Planning for the Allergy and Immunology Clinic
AU  - Shaker, Marcus S.
AU  - Oppenheimer, John
AU  - Grayson, Mitchell
AU  - Stukus, David
AU  - Hartog, Nicholas
AU  - Hsieh, Elena W. Y.
AU  - Rider, Nicholas
AU  - Dutmer, Cullen M.
AU  - Vander Leek, Timothy K.
AU  - Kim, Harold
AU  - Chan, Edmond S.
AU  - Mack, Doug
AU  - Ellis, Anne K.
AU  - Lang, David
AU  - Lieberman, Jay
AU  - Fleischer, David
AU  - Golden, David B. K.
AU  - Wallace, Dana
AU  - Portnoy, Jay
AU  - Mosnaim, Giselle
AU  - Greenhawt, Matthew
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In the event of a global infectious pandemic, drastic measures may be needed that limit or require adjustment of ambulatory allergy services. However, no rationale for how to prioritize service shut down and patient care exists. A consensus-based ad-hoc expert panel of allergy/immunology specialists from the United States and Canada developed a service and patient prioritization schematic to temporarily triage allergy/immunology services. Recommendations and feedback were developed iteratively, using an adapted modified Delphi methodology to achieve consensus. During the ongoing pandemic while social distancing is being encouraged, most allergy/immunology care could be postponed/delayed or handled through virtual care. With the exception of many patients with primary immunodeficiency, patients on venom immunotherapy, and patients with asthma of a certain severity, there is limited need for face-to-face visits under such conditions. These suggestions are intended to help provide a logical approach to quickly adjust service to mitigate risk to both medical staff and patients. Importantly, individual community circumstances may be unique and require contextual consideration. The decision to enact any of these measures rests with the judgment of each clinician and individual health care system. Pandemics are unanticipated, and enforced social distancing/quarantining is highly unusual. This expert panel consensus document offers a prioritization rational to help guide decision making when such situations arise and an allergist/immunologist is forced to reduce services or makes the decision on his or her own to do so.
JO  - J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32224232
DO  - 10.1016/j.jaip.2020.03.012
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cochrane Corner: Coronavirus (COVID-19): infection control and prevention measures
AU  - Jordan, Vanessa
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Prim Health Care
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32223856
DO  - 10.1071/HC15950
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Number of COVID-19 cases in Chile at 120 days with data at 21/03/2020 and threshold of daily effort to flatten the epi-curve
AU  - Cordova-Lepe, Fernando
AU  - Gutierrez-Aguilar, Rodrigo
AU  - Gutierrez-Jara, Juan Pablo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We present a straightforward projection with data up to 21/03/2020 of the evolution of the number of COVID-19 cases per day in Chile using data from the Ministry of Health. Assuming an arithmetical growth in the second variation of the data, we present a cubic adjustment model in which we estimate over 100 000 cases at 120 days consistent with the data recorded to date. Furthermore, we use an exponential total case model to represent (using a parameter) the daily effort to reduce a high initial daily growth rate. We simulate this model with different numerical scenarios of feasibility and desired future prevalence.
JO  - Medwave
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32225133
DO  - 10.5867/medwave.2020.02.7861
UR  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: a novel zoonotic disease caused by a coronavirus from China: what we know and what we don't
AU  - Mackenzie, John S.
AU  - Smith, David W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Microbiol Aust
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32226946
DO  - 10.1071/MA20013
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Recommendations CCAFU on the management of cancers of the urogenital system during an epidemic with Coronavirus COVID-19.]
AU  - Mejean, Arnaud
AU  - Roupret, Morgan
AU  - Rozet, Francois
AU  - Bensalah, Karim
AU  - Murez, Thibaut
AU  - Game, Xavier
AU  - Rebillard, Xavier
AU  - Mallet, Richard
AU  - Faix, Antoine
AU  - Mongiat-Artus, Pierre
AU  - Fournier, Georges
AU  - Neuzillet, Yann
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - AIM: The French population is facing the COVID-19 pandemic and the health systems have been reoriented in emergency for the care of patients with coronavirus. The management of cancers of the urinary and male genital tracts must be adapted to this context. MATERIAL AND METHOD: An expert opinion documented by a literature review was formulated by the Cancerology Committee of the French Association of Urology (CCAFU). RESULTS: The medical and surgical management of patients with any cancers of the urinary and male genital tracts must be adapted by modifying the consultation methods, by prioritizing interventions according to the intrinsic prognosis of cancers, taking into account the patient's comorbidities. The protection of urologists from COVID-19 must be considered. CONCLUSION: The CCAFU issues an expert opinion on the measure to be taken to adapt the management of cancers of the male urinary and genital tract to the context of pandemic by COVID-19. [[[fr]]]Resume Objectif: La population francaise est confrontee a la pandemie de COVID-19 et le systemes de sante a ete reoriente en urgence pour la prise en charge des patients atteint du coronavirus. La prise en charge des cancers de l'appareil urinaire et genital masculin doit etre adaptee a ce contexte. Materiel et methode: Un avis d'experts documente par une revue de la litterature a ete formule par le Comite de Cancerologie de l'Association Francaise d'Urologie (CCAFU). Resultats: La prise en charge medicale et chirurgicale des patients atteint de cancers de l'appareil urinaire et genital masculin doit etre adaptee en modifiant les modalites de consultation, en priorisant les interventions en fonction du pronostic intrinseque des cancers en tenant compte des comorbidites du patient. La protection des urologues vis-a-vis du COVID-19 doit etre prise en consideration. CONCLUSION: Le CCAFU emet un avis d'experts quant aux mesures a prendre pour adapter la prise en charge des cancers de l'appareil urinaire et genital masculin au contexte de pandemie par COVID-19.
JO  - Prog Urol
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32224294
DO  - 10.1016/j.purol.2020.03.009
UR  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in a Patient Presenting with Syncope and a Normal Chest X-ray
AU  - Tape, Chantal
AU  - Byrd, Katrina M.
AU  - Aung, Su
AU  - Lonks, John R.
AU  - Flanigan, Timothy P.
AU  - Rybak, Natasha R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - SARS-CoV-2 is a novel virus that has now affected hundreds of thousands of individuals across the world. Amidst this global pandemic, maintaining a high index of suspicion, rapid testing capacity, and infection control measures are required to curtail the virus' rapid spread. While fever and respiratory symptoms have been commonly used to identify COVID-19 suspects, we present an elderly female who arrived to the hospital after a syncopal episode. She was afebrile with a normal chest X-ray and there was no suspicion of COVID-19. She then developed a fever and tested positive for COVID-19. Our unique case underscores the increasing diversity of COVID-19 presentations and potential for initial mis- diagnosis and delay in implementing proper precautions.
JO  - R I Med J (2013)
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32226962
DO  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preliminary Results of Initial Testing for Coronavirus (COVID-19) in the Emergency Department
AU  - Tolia, Vaishal M.
AU  - Chan, Theodore C.
AU  - Castillo, Edward M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - INTRODUCTION: On March 10, 2020, the World Health Organization declared a global pandemic due to widespread infection of the novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19). We report the preliminary results of a targeted program of COVID-19 infection testing in the ED in the first 10 days of its initiation at our institution. METHODS: We conducted a review of prospectively collected data on all ED patients who had targeted testing for acute COVID-19 infection at two EDs during the initial 10 days of testing (March 10-19, 2020). During this initial period with limited resources, testing was targeted toward high-risk patients per Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines. Data collected from patients who were tested included demographics, clinical characteristics, and test qualifying criteria. We present the data overall and by test results with descriptive statistics. RESULTS: During the 10-day study period, the combined census of the study EDs was 2157 patient encounters. A total of 283 tests were ordered in the ED. The majority of patients were 18-64 years of age, male, non-Hispanic white, had an Emergency Severity Index score of three, did not have a fever, and were discharged from the ED. A total of 29 (10.2%) tested positive. Symptoms-based criteria most associated with COVID-19 were the most common criteria identified for testing (90.6%). All other criteria were reported in 5.51-43.0% of persons being tested. Having contact with a person under investigation was significantly more common in those who tested positive compared to those who tested negative (63% vs 24.5%, respectively). The majority of patients in both results groups had at least two qualifying criteria for testing (75.2%). CONCLUSION: In this review of prospectively collected data on all ED patients who had targeted testing for acute COVID-19 infection at two EDs in the first 10 days of testing, we found that 10.2% of those tested were identified as positive. The continued monitoring of testing and results will help providers understand how COVID-19 is progressing in the community.
JO  - West J Emerg Med
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32223871
DO  - 10.5811/westjem.2020.3.47348
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Lymphopenia predicts disease severity of COVID-19: a descriptive and predictive study
AU  - Tan, Li
AU  - Wang, Qi
AU  - Zhang, Duanyang
AU  - Ding, Jinya
AU  - Huang, Qianchuan
AU  - Tang, Yi-Quan
AU  - Wang, Qiongshu
AU  - Miao, Hongming
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Signal Transduct Target Ther
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32226636
DO  - 10.1038/s41392-020-0148-4
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Considerations on the prevention and control of the novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - ZHANG, Jin-hai
AU  - WANG, Chun-hui
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As a new infectious disease, the novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) has continued to spread since the end of 2019. It has now been classifiedas a Class B infectious disease, and the preventive and control measures of Class A infectious diseases have been adopted. With reference to the official documents issued by WHO and National Health Commission, PRC and the latest research, this paper discusses the prevention and control of the NCP from its epidemiology, evolutionary sources, prevention and control, and so forth.
JO  - Journal of Medical Postgraduates
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 33
IS  - 2
PG  - 113-116
SP  - 113
EP  - 116
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chest CT--The gatekeeper to COVID-19
AU  - ZU, Zi-yue
AU  - ZHANG, Long-jiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, an outbreak of pneumonia associated with a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2&#65289;emerged in Wuhan and spread rapidly throughout China and beyond. As the first-line imaging modality, thin-section chest CT is easy to perform, fast, available. Combined with epidemiological history and clinical manifestations, positive CT findings can highly suggest the early diagnosis of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) with high sensitivity, so that timely isolation and intervention can be implemented for suspected and confirmed patients. CT can also help assess the disease severity, and surveil disease course, so as to guide clinical decision and provide prognostic information. This paper outlines the CT imaging features of COVID-19 and highlights the value of chest CT in its diagnosis and treatment with the reference to the official documents and latest researches.
JO  - Journal of Medical Postgraduates
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 33
IS  - 3
PG  - 225-229
SP  - 225
EP  - 229
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Geriatrics in times of corona]
AU  - Gosch, M.
AU  - Singler, K.
AU  - Kwetkat, A.
AU  - Heppner, H. J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The current corona crisis affects older patients as well as the geriatric infrastructure in all sectors. This article provides an overview about the current state of knowledge on COVID-19 with special consideration of geriatric aspects and the consequences for the geriatric care system.
JO  - Zeitschrift fur Gerontologie und Geriatrie
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00391-020-01725-2
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Effects of COVID-19 outbreak in Northern Italy.Perspectives from Bergamo Neurosurgery Department
AU  - Veiceschi, Pierlorenzo
AU  - Brembilla, Carlo
AU  - Bernucci, Claudio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - World Neurosurgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wneu.2020.03.179
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878875020306501
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Suggestions on the prevention of COVID-19 for health care workers in department of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery
AU  - Xu, Kai
AU  - Lai, Xiaoquan
AU  - Zheng, Liu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The epidemic of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has presented as a grim and complex situation recently. More than 77,000 cases of COVID-19 has been confirmed in China until February 25th 2020, which are causing great impact on economy and society, as well as seriously interfering with ordinary medical practice in department of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery. This article discussed medical precautions required in clinic, inpatient ward and operation room of otorhinolaryngology head and neck department, which aims to protect health care workers from COVID-19.
JO  - World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wjorl.2020.03.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095881120300299
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pivotal Role of Convalescent Plasma in Managing Emerging Infectious Diseases
AU  - Wong, H. K.
AU  - Lee, C. K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Infectious diseases remain one of the top 10 global health threats as announced by the World Health Organization [1]. The emergence of new pathogens for which there is no effective treatment has redrawn the attention to the usefulness of convalescent plasma. Indeed, convalescent plasma can be an alternate and fast therapeutic option in outbreaks of infectious diseases such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), Chikungunya, Ebola and Zika [2-4]. The recent Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has prompted not only a search for effective anti-viral treatment and spread control measures, but also a reconsideration of the use of convalescent plasma for COVID-19 treatment [5, 6].
JO  - Vox Sanguinis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/vox.12927
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/vox.12927
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Collecting and evaluating convalescent plasma for COVID-19 treatment: why and how
AU  - Tiberghien, Pierre
AU  - de Lambalerie, Xavier
AU  - Morel, Pascal
AU  - Gallian, Pierre
AU  - Lacombe, Karine
AU  - Yazdanpanah, Yazdan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Plasma provided by COVID-19 convalescent patients may provide therapeutic relief as the number CODID-19 cases escalate steeply world-wide. Prior findings in various viral respiratory diseases including SARS-CoV related pneumonia suggest that convalescent plasma can reduce mortality, although formal proof of efficacy is still lacking. By reducing viral spread early on, such an approach may possibly downplay subsequent immunopathology. Identifying, collecting, qualifying and preparing plasma from convalescent patients with adequate SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing Ab titers in an acute crisis setting may be challenging, although well within the remit of most blood establishments. Careful clinical evaluation should allow to quickly establish whether such passive immunotherapy, administered at early phases of the disease in patients at high risk of deleterious evolution may reduce the frequency of patient deterioration, and thereby COVID-19 mortality.
JO  - Vox Sanguinis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/vox.12926
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/vox.12926
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Post-donation COVID-19 identification in blood donors
AU  - Kwon, So-Yong
AU  - Kim, Eun-Jin
AU  - Jung, Yu Soek
AU  - Jang, Jin Sung
AU  - Cho, Nam-Sun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract The coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) outbreak, which was characterized as a pandemic on 11 March 2020 by the WHO, started in December 2019 with the emergence of pneumonia cases of unknown cause in Wuhan, Hubei, China [1]. SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19, are enveloped, non-segmented, single stranded positive sense RNA viruses and are classified as a sister clade to the prototype human and bat severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruses (SARS-CoVs) of the species Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus [2]. So far, no respiratory virus, including SARS-CoV and the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS)-CoV, has been confirmed as transfusion-transmissible [3,4].
JO  - Vox Sanguinis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/vox.12925
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/vox.12925
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The impact of the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak on the safety and availability of blood transfusions in Italy
AU  - Franchini, Massimo
AU  - Farrugia, Albert
AU  - Velati, Claudio
AU  - Zanetti, Alessandro
AU  - Romanò, Luisa
AU  - Grazzini, Giuliano
AU  - Lopez, Nadia
AU  - Pati, Ilaria
AU  - Marano, Giuseppe
AU  - Pupella, Simonetta
AU  - Maria Liumbruno, Giancarlo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Coronaviruses are enveloped single-stranded RNA viruses belonging to the family of Coronaviridae. While initial research focused on their ability to cause enzootic infections, infections which have emerged in the past two decades demonstrate their ability to cross the species barrier and infect humans [1,2]. The ensuing epidemics have included Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) in 2002 and the more recent Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) in 2012, and have resulted in severe disease burden, mortality and economic disruption [3]. A novel flu-like coronavirus, emerging towards the end of 2019 and subsequently named SARS-CoV-2, has been associated with an epidemic initially focused in Wuhan, China.
JO  - Vox Sanguinis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/vox.12928
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/vox.12928
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - New insights into the evolutionary features of viral overlapping genes by discriminant analysis
AU  - Pavesi, Angelo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Overlapping genes originate by a mechanism of overprinting, in which nucleotide substitutions in a pre-existing frame induce the expression of a de novo protein from an alternative frame. In this study, I assembled a dataset of 319 viral overlapping genes, which included 82 overlaps whose expression is experimentally known and the respective 237 homologs. Principal component analysis revealed that overlapping genes have a common pattern of nucleotide and amino acid composition. Discriminant analysis separated overlapping from non-overlapping genes with an accuracy of 97%. When applied to overlapping genes with known genealogy, it separated ancestral from de novo frames with an accuracy close to 100%. This high discriminant power was crucial to computationally design variants of de novo viral proteins known to possess selective anticancer toxicity (apoptin) or protection against neurodegeneration (X protein), as well as to detect two new potential overlapping genes in the genome of the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2.
JO  - Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2020.03.007
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S004268222030060X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Neutralizing Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and Other Human Coronaviruses
AU  - Jiang, Shibo
AU  - Hillyer, Christopher
AU  - Du, Lanying
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus (CoV) disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV-2 (also known as 2019-nCoV) is threatening global public health, social stability, and economic development. To meet this challenge, this article discusses advances in the research and development of neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) for the prevention and treatment of infection by SARS-CoV-2 and other human CoVs.
JO  - Trends in Immunology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.it.2020.03.007
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1471490620300570
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Incidence of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection among people under home quarantine in Shenzhen, China
AU  - Wang, Jingzhong
AU  - Liao, Yi
AU  - Wang, Xiaoyang
AU  - Li, Yichong
AU  - Jiang, Dan
AU  - He, Jianfan
AU  - Zhang, Shunxiang
AU  - Xia, Junjie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background Since the outbreak of 2019-nCoV in December, Chinese government has implemented various measures including travel bans, centralized treatments, and home quarantines to slowing the transmission across the country. In this study, we aimed to estimate the incidence of 2019-nCoV infection among people under home quarantine in Shenzhen, China. Methods: We used a stratified multistage random sampling method to recruit participants and collected demographic information and laboratory results of people under home quarantine. We conducted descriptive analysis to estimate the basic characteristics and to calculate the incidence in out study population. Results: A total of 2004 people under home quarantine participated in this study, of which 1637 participants finished the questionnaire with a response rate of 81.7%. Mean age of the participants was 33.7 years, ranging from 0.3 to 80.2 years. Of people who provided clear travel history, 129 people have traveled to Wuhan city and 1,046 people have traveled to other cities in Hubei province within 14 days before the home quarantine. Few (less than 1%) participants reported contact history with confirmed or suspected cases during their trip and most of these arrived at Shenzhen between Jan 24, 2020 to Jan 27, 2020. The incidence of COVID-19 in the sample was 1.5‰ (95% CI: 0.31‰–4.37‰). Conclusion: Home quarantine has been effective in preventing the early transmission of COVID-19, but that more needs to be done to improve early detection of COVID-19 infection.
JO  - Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101660-101660
SP  - 101660
EP  - 101660
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101660
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893920301289
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Repurposing antimalarials and other drugs for COVID-19
AU  - Schlagenhauf, Patricia
AU  - Grobusch, Martin P.
AU  - Maier, Julian D.
AU  - Gautret, Philippe
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101658-101658
SP  - 101658
EP  - 101658
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101658
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893920301265
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Summary of the COVID-19 outbreak in vietnam – Lessons and suggestions
AU  - Nguyen, Trang H. D.
AU  - Vu, Danh C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101651-101651
SP  - 101651
EP  - 101651
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101651
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893920301198
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical features of cases and a cluster of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Bolivia imported from Italy and Spain
AU  - Escalera-Antezana, Juan Pablo
AU  - Lizon-Ferrufino, Nicolas Freddy
AU  - Maldonado-Alanoca, Americo
AU  - Alarcón-De-la-Vega, Gricel
AU  - Alvarado-Arnez, Lucia Elena
AU  - Balderrama-Saavedra, María Alejandra
AU  - Bonilla-Aldana, D. Katterine
AU  - Rodríguez-Morales, Alfonso J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Introduction In March 2020, Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) arrived in Bolivia. Here, we report the main clinical findings, and epidemiological features of the first series of cases, and a cluster, confirmed in Bolivia. Methods For this observational, retrospective and cross-sectional study, information was obtained from the Hospitals and the Ministry of Health for the cases that were laboratory-diagnosed and related, during March 2020. rRT-PCR was used for the detection of the RNA of SARS-CoV-2 following the protocol Charité, Berlin, Germany, from nasopharyngeal swabs. Results Among 152 suspected cases investigated, 12 (7.9%) were confirmed with SARS-CoV-2 infected by rRT-PCR. The median age was 39 years (IQR 25–43), six of them male. Two cases proceed from Italy and three from Spain. Nine patients presented fever, and cough, five sore throat, and myalgia, among other symptoms. Only a 60 y-old woman with hypertension was hospitalized. None of the patients required ICU nor fatalities occurred in this group. Conclusions This is the first report of surveillance of COVID-19 in Bolivia, with patients managed mainly with home isolation. Preparedness for a significant epidemic, as is going on in other countries, and the deployment of response plans for it, in the country is now taking place to mitigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the population.
JO  - Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101653-101653
SP  - 101653
EP  - 101653
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101653
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893920301216
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Corona virus infection in Syria, Libya and Yemen; an alarming devastating threat
AU  - Daw, Mohamed A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101652-101652
SP  - 101652
EP  - 101652
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101652
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893920301204
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Remdesivir for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 causing COVID-19: An evaluation of the evidence
AU  - Cao, Yu-chen
AU  - Deng, Qi-xin
AU  - Dai, Shi-xue
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus infection that initially found at the end of 2019 has attracted great attention. So far, the number of infectious cases has increased globally to more than 100 thousand and defined as a pandemic situation, but there are still no “specific drug” available. Relevant reports have pointed out the novel coronavirus has 80% homology with SARS. In the difficulty where new synthesized drug cannot be applied immediately to patients, “conventional drug in new use” has become a feasible solution. The first medication experience of the recovered patients in the US has led remdesivir to be the “specific drug”. China has also taken immediate action to put remdesivir into clinical trials with the purpose of applying it into clinical therapeutics for Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). We started from the structure, immunogenicity, and pathogenesis of coronavirus infections of the novel coronavirus. Further, we analyzed the pharmacological actions and previous trials of remdesivir to identify the feasibility of conducting experiments on COVID-19.
JO  - Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101647-101647
SP  - 101647
EP  - 101647
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101647
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893920301162
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prudently conduct the engineering and synthesis of the SARS-CoV-2 virus
AU  - Ma, Shiwen
AU  - Gao, Peng
AU  - Lu, Daru
AU  - Wang, Guoyu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Regarding to the recent work of engineering SARS-CoV-19 virus and the publication “Rapid reconstruction of SARS-CoV-2 using a synthetic genomics platform” by researchers at University of Bern, this paper comments on the “dual-use” problem and regulation issue of synthetic biology from the perspective of responsible (research and) innovation, biosafety and biosecurity. Based on the ethical and legal framework, the authors suggest to conduct such research with high potential risks prudently and responsibly.
JO  - Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.synbio.2020.03.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405805X20300193
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Temporary Emergency Guidance to US Stroke Centers During the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Leadership, Aha Asa Stroke Council
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - During this unprecedented time of extraordinary stress on the US healthcare system, the AHA/ASA Stroke Council—as individuals in our localities and together as an entity at the national level—acknowledge the mounting concern regarding optimal stroke care during the COVID-19 pandemic among vascular neurologists and those clinicians who care for patients with stroke. We therefore seek to provide guidance for the care of stroke patients in the midst of the crisis. Ordinarily, national recommendations go through a rigorous process of development, refinement, peer review, and thoughtful promulgation. None of that is possible at this time, yet we believe there is a substantial need for a broad policy statement that reflects both the commonality of the pandemic across the US and the individual variability necessary at local sites. We issue this temporary statement as an interim stopgap opinion, pending a more thorough and considered process.
JO  - Stroke
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - STROKEAHA.120.030023-STROKEAHA.120.030023
SP  - STROKEAHA.120.030023
EP  - STROKEAHA.120.030023
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1161/STROKEAHA.120.030023
UR  - https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/STROKEAHA.120.030023
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Protected Code Stroke: Hyperacute Stroke Management During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic
AU  - Khosravani, Houman
AU  - Rajendram, Phavalan
AU  - Notario, Lowyl
AU  - Chapman, Martin G.
AU  - Menon, Bijoy K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background and Purpose- Hyperacute assessment and management of patients with stroke, termed code stroke, is a time-sensitive and high-stakes clinical scenario. In the context of the current Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, the ability to deliver timely and efficacious care must be balanced with the risk of infectious exposure to the clinical team. Furthermore, rapid and effective stroke care remains paramount to achieve maximal functional recovery for those needing admission and to triage care appropriately for those who may be presenting with neurological symptoms but have an alternative diagnosis. Methods- Available resources, COVID-19-specific infection prevention and control recommendations, and expert consensus were used to identify clinical screening criteria for patients and provide the required nuanced considerations for the healthcare team, thereby modifying the conventional code stroke processes to achieve a protected designation. Results- A protected code stroke algorithm was developed. Features specific to prenotification and clinical status of the patient were used to define precode screening. These include primary infectious symptoms, clinical, and examination features. A focused framework was then developed with regard to a protected code stroke. We outline the specifics of personal protective equipment use and considerations thereof including aspects of crisis resource management impacting team role designation and human performance factors during a protected code stroke. Conclusions- We introduce the concept of a protected code stroke during a pandemic, as in the case of COVID-19, and provide a framework for key considerations including screening, personal protective equipment, and crisis resource management. These considerations and suggested algorithms can be utilized and adapted for local practice.
JO  - Stroke
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - STROKEAHA120029838-STROKEAHA120029838
SP  - STROKEAHA120029838
EP  - STROKEAHA120029838
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1161/STROKEAHA.120.029838
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Impact of COVID-19 and Future Emerging Viruses on Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation and Other Cellular Therapies
AU  - Broxmeyer, Hal E.
AU  - Parker, Graham C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 where Co stand for corona, VI stands for virus, and D denotes disease and was in the recent past referred to as 2019 novel coronavirus or 2019-nCoV, has impacted numerous lives and businesses, and has led to a surreal emergency state within world communities. COVID-19 and the future emergence of dangerous viruses will have strong, and as yet possibly unanticipated consequences and impact on the present and future use of cellular therapies. In this commentary we offer a dispassionate assessment of where we believe COVID-19, as well as future emerging viruses might compromise successful cell transplantation.
JO  - Stem cells and development
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1089/scd.2020.0064
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Message from the Editor: Stem Cell Science in the Time of COVID-19
AU  - Pera, Martin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Stem Cell Reports
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stemcr.2020.03.022
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213671120301120
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Effects of infection control policies on the final size
AU  - Fujiwara, Naoya
AU  - Onaga, Tomokatsu
AU  - Wada, Takayuki
AU  - Aihara, Kazuyuki
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - SEISAN KENKYU
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 72
IS  - 2
PG  - 141-143
SP  - 141
EP  - 143
AN  - 
DO  - 10.11188/seisankenkyu.72.141
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Remdesivir, the antiviral hope against SARS-CoV-2]
AU  - Reina, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - On December 31, 2019 a pneumonia outbreak caused by a new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) was detected in the city of Wuhan (China). Due to the high capacity of diffusion and human infection it has become a new zoonotic pandemic. The absence of a vaccine has determined the search for antiviral drugs with the capacity to inhibit the replication of the new virus. Among them, remdesivir, an analogue of adenosine, is what seems to have a more promising future. This drug has shown in vitro and in animals a high capacity to block infection and viral replication with attainable concentrations in human plasma. Although all studies have been carried out with SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, it seems that by virological and functional analogy, remdesivir is one of the few antiviral drugs with proven efficacy. However, studies and clinical trials in humans are required to know the result of their application in them.
JO  - Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.37201/req/098.2020
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - International expert consensus statement regarding radiotherapy treatment options for rectal cancer during the COVID 19 pandemic
AU  - Marijnen, C. A. M.
AU  - Peters, F. P.
AU  - Rödel, C.
AU  - Bujko, K.
AU  - Haustermans, K.
AU  - Fokas, E.
AU  - Glynne-Jones, R.
AU  - Valentini, V.
AU  - Spindler, K. L. G.
AU  - Guren, M. G.
AU  - Maignon, Philippe
AU  - Calvo, F. A.
AU  - Pares, O.
AU  - Glimelius, B.
AU  - Sebag-Montefiore, D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Radiotherapy and Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radonc.2020.03.039
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167814020301730
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Declining Public Health Protections within Autocratic Regimes: Impact on Global Public Health Security, Infectious Disease Outbreaks, Epidemics, and Pandemics
AU  - Burkle, Frederick M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Public health emergencies of international concern, in the form of infectious disease outbreaks, epidemics, and pandemics, represent an increasing risk to the world's population. Management requires coordinated responses, across many disciplines and nations, and the capacity to muster proper national and global public health education, infrastructure, and prevention measures. Unfortunately, increasing numbers of nations are ruled by autocratic regimes which have characteristically failed to adopt investments in public health infrastructure, education, and prevention measures to keep pace with population growth and density. Autocratic leaders have a direct impact on health security, a direct negative impact on health, and create adverse political and economic conditions that only complicate the crisis further. This is most evident in autocratic regimes where health protections have been seriously and purposely curtailed. All autocratic regimes define public health along economic and political imperatives that are similar across borders and cultures. Autocratic regimes are seriously handicapped by sociopathic narcissistic leaders who are incapable of understanding the health consequences of infectious diseases or the impact on their population. A cross section of autocratic nations currently experiencing the impact of COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) are reviewed to demonstrate the manner where self-serving regimes fail to manage health crises and place the rest of the world at increasing risk. It is time to re-address the pre-SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) global agendas calling for stronger strategic capacity, legal authority, support, and institutional status under World Health Organization (WHO) leadership granted by an International Health Regulations Treaty. Treaties remain the most successful means the world has in preventing, preparing for, and controlling epidemics in an increasingly globalized world."Honesty is worth a lot more than hope…" The Economist, February 17, 2020.
JO  - Prehospital and disaster medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-38
SP  - 1
EP  - 38
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/S1049023X20000424
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 3CLpro inhibitors as a potential therapeutic option for COVID-19: Available evidence and ongoing clinical trials
AU  - Sisay, Mekonnen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Pharmacological Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 104779-104779
SP  - 104779
EP  - 104779
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104779
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1043661820309798
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Corrigendum to “Traditional Chinese medicine for COVID-19 treatment” [Pharmacol. Res. 155 (2020) 104743](S1043661820307556)(10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104743)
AU  - Ren, J. L.
AU  - Zhang, A. H.
AU  - Wang, X. J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The authors have informed the Journal that in the letter to the Editor referenced above there were some imprecisions that need correction as follows: the sentence “As the serious illness, combined with the patient's performance of damp-heat syndrome, and the heat is more serious than damp, QPD was added for treatment’ should have been ‘As the serious illness, combined with the patient's performance of damp-heat syndrome, and the heat became more serious than damp, QJD (Qingjin Jianghuo Decoction) was added for treatment” Legend to Fig 1 is modified as follows: Comparison of chest CT results of patients. (a), chest CT on January 24; (b), chest CT on January 28; (c), chest CT on January 30; (d), chest CT on February 4 (reproduced from Reference 7, with permission). Acknowledgments are modified as follows: We are grateful for Ms. Yinxing Zhu for providing the CT scans. The authors apologise for any inconvenience these mistakes may have caused to the readers. Editorial note: The Editor has checked the originals of the CT scans and confirms that they are authentic. It was entirely transparent to the journal throughout the editorial process that the authors were not claiming any credit for the content from reference 7. The authors of the CT scans have confirmed their permission for re-publication.
JO  - Pharmacological Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104768
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005397996 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104768
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How young patients with cancer perceive the Covid-19 (coronavirus) epidemic in Milan, Italy: is there room for other fears?
AU  - Casanova, Michela
AU  - Bagliacca, Elena Pagani
AU  - Silva, Matteo
AU  - Patriarca, Carlo
AU  - Veneroni, Laura
AU  - Clerici, Carlo Alfredo
AU  - Spreafico, Filippo
AU  - Luksch, Roberto
AU  - Terenziani, Monica
AU  - Meazza, Cristina
AU  - Podda, Marta
AU  - Biassoni, Veronica
AU  - Schiavello, Elisabetta
AU  - Chiaravalli, Stefano
AU  - Puma, Nadia
AU  - Bergamaschi, Luca
AU  - Gattuso, Giovanna
AU  - Sironi, Giovanna
AU  - Massimino, Maura
AU  - Ferrari, Andrea
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - ABSTRACT The rapid spread of COVID-19 epidemic in Italy, in particular in the Milan focal point, required drastic measures and led to panic in the population. While in our centre we did not change our approach to the treatment of our young cancer patients, we developed a qualitative survey to assess their perception of the risk and level of stress. The survey showed that a relatively large proportion of them felt personally at risk of severe complications. We believe that we need to adequately inform our patients, focusing on hygienic measures and personal protection and prompt reporting of any suspicious symptoms. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
JO  - Pediatric Blood & Cancer
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - e28318-e28318
SP  - e28318
EP  - e28318
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/pbc.28318
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.28318
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Early advice on managing children with cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic and a call for sharing experiences
AU  - Bouffet, Eric
AU  - Challinor, Julia
AU  - Sullivan, Michael
AU  - Biondi, Andrea
AU  - Rodriguez-Galindo, Carlos
AU  - Pritchard-Jones, Kathy
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Pediatric blood & cancer
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - e28327-e28327
SP  - e28327
EP  - e28327
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/pbc.28327
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Dental journals and coronavirus disease (COVID-19): A current view
AU  - Martelli-Júnior, Hercílio
AU  - Machado, Renato Assis
AU  - Martelli, Daniella R. B.
AU  - Coletta, Ricardo D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Oral Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 104664-104664
SP  - 104664
EP  - 104664
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oraloncology.2020.104664
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1368837520301007
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and experiences of moral injury in front-line key workers
AU  - Williamson, Victoria
AU  - Murphy, Dominic
AU  - Greenberg, Neil
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Occupational Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/occmed/kqaa052
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/occmed/advance-article/doi/10.1093/occmed/kqaa052/5814939
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The COVID-19 pandemic: major risks to healthcare and other workers on the front line
AU  - Sim, Malcolm R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Occupational and environmental medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/oemed-2020-106567
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - NUTRITION SUPPORT IN THE TIME OF COVID-19
AU  - Laviano, Alessandro
AU  - Koverech, Angela
AU  - Zanetti, Michela
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nutrition
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 110834-110834
SP  - 110834
EP  - 110834
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2020.110834
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0899900720301179
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Evidence that Vitamin D Supplementation Could Reduce Risk of Influenza and COVID-19 Infections and Deaths
AU  - Grant, William B.
AU  - Lahore, Henry
AU  - McDonnell, Sharon L.
AU  - Baggerly, Carole A.
AU  - French, Christine B.
AU  - Aliano, Jennifer L.
AU  - Bhattoa, Harjit P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>The world is in the grip of the COVID-19 pandemic. Public health measures that can reduce the risk of infection and death in addition to quarantines are desperately needed. This article reviews the roles of vitamin D in reducing the risk of respiratory tract infections, knowledge about the epidemiology of influenza and COVID-19, and how vitamin D supplementation might be a useful measure to reduce risk. Through several mechanisms, vitamin D can reduce risk of infections. Those mechanisms include inducing cathelicidins and defensins that can lower viral replication rates and reducing concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines that produce the inflammation that injures the lining of the lungs, leading to pneumonia, as well as increasing concentrations of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Several observational studies and clinical trials reported that vitamin D supplementation reduced the risk of influenza, whereas others did not. Evidence supporting the role of vitamin D in reducing risk of COVID-19 includes that the outbreak occurred in winter, a time when 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations are lowest; that the number of cases in the Southern Hemisphere near the end of summer are low; that vitamin D deficiency has been found to contribute to acute respiratory distress syndrome; and that case-fatality rates increase with age and with chronic disease comorbidity, both of which are associated with lower 25(OH)D concentration. To reduce the risk of infection, it is recommended that people at risk of influenza and/or COVID-19 consider taking 10,000 IU/d of vitamin D3 for a few weeks to rapidly raise 25(OH)D concentrations, followed by 5000 IU/d. The goal should be to raise 25(OH)D concentrations above 40–60 ng/mL (100–150 nmol/L). For treatment of people who become infected with COVID-19, higher vitamin D3 doses might be useful. Randomized controlled trials and large population studies should be conducted to evaluate these recommendations.</p>
JO  - Nutrients
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 12
IS  - 4
PG  - 988-988
SP  - 988
EP  - 988
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/nu12040988
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/12/4/988
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Audio Interview: Lessons from Covid-19 Hotspots
AU  - Rubin, Eric J.
AU  - Baden, Lindsey R.
AU  - Morrissey, Stephen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 382
IS  - 14
PG  - e35-e35
SP  - e35
EP  - e35
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMe2007783
UR  - http://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMe2007783
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Invisible Hand — Medical Care during the Pandemic
AU  - Kittleson, Michelle M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The Invisible Hand The patient’s wife had insisted that he get an angiogram, but by the time it came due, the country was in the throes of the Covid-19 pandemic. Suddenly, the benefits of continuin...
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - NEJMp2006607-NEJMp2006607
SP  - NEJMp2006607
EP  - NEJMp2006607
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMp2006607
UR  - http://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMp2006607
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19 and Health Care’s Digital Revolution
AU  - Keesara, Sirina
AU  - Jonas, Andrea
AU  - Schulman, Kevin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Covid-19 and Health Care’s Digital Revolution In the face of the Covid-19 pandemic, Americans are waking up to the limitations of their analogue health care system. It seems clear that we need an i...
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - NEJMp2005835-NEJMp2005835
SP  - NEJMp2005835
EP  - NEJMp2005835
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMp2005835
UR  - http://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMp2005835
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Thinking Globally, Acting Locally — The U.S. Response to Covid-19
AU  - Haffajee, Rebecca L.
AU  - Mello, Michelle M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Thinking Globally, Acting Locally The defining feature of the U.S. response to Covid-19 has been localized action against a global threat. Under our federalist system, what more can the federal gov...
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - NEJMp2006740-NEJMp2006740
SP  - NEJMp2006740
EP  - NEJMp2006740
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMp2006740
UR  - http://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMp2006740
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Flattening the Curve for Incarcerated Populations — Covid-19 in Jails and Prisons
AU  - Akiyama, Matthew J.
AU  - Spaulding, Anne C.
AU  - Rich, Josiah D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Flattening the Curve for Incarcerated Populations People caught up in the U.S. justice system have already been affected by SARS-CoV-2, and improved preparation is essential to minimizing the impac...
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - NEJMp2005687-NEJMp2005687
SP  - NEJMp2005687
EP  - NEJMp2005687
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMp2005687
UR  - http://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMp2005687
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Neurologists and Covid-19: A note on courage in a time of uncertainty
AU  - Shellhaas, Renée A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Neurologists are used to uncertainty - diagnoses are frequently challenging, too often there are limited treatment options, and unpredictable prognoses are our bread and butter. When colleagues struggle to communicate bad news, they regularly turn to us. We practice staying steady and calm amidst our patients' fears, confusion, suffering, and anxiety. We listen, perform detailed exams, and do our best to provide helpful insights. This emphasis on listening and thoughtful problem solving is the core of our art and should be front and center as we partner with colleagues to face an unprecedented set of challenges related to the Covid-19 pandemic.
JO  - Neurology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1212/WNL.0000000000009496
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 is catalyzing the adoption of teleneurology
AU  - Klein, Brad C.
AU  - Busis, Neil A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus, COVID-19, changed the world within a matter of weeks. The primary action to constrain the spread of the virus is social isolation. Given this public health principle, and the shortage of personal protective equipment during the global pandemic, all health care stakeholders need to reconsider the indications for face-to-face health care encounters in providing patient care. Which encounters are imperative and which ones can be switched to non-face-to-face care? What changes in laws, regulations, payment policies and workflow are needed to enable this transition? (1,2,3).
JO  - Neurology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1212/WNL.0000000000009494
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Protocolo de actuación ante la epidemia de enfermedad por coronavirus en los pacientes de diálisis y trasplantados renales
AU  - de Sequera Ortiz, Patricia
AU  - Quiroga Gili, Borja
AU  - de Arriba de la Fuente, Gabriel
AU  - Macía Heras, Manuel
AU  - Salgueira Lazo, Mercedes
AU  - del Pino y Pino, M. Dolores
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nefrología
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nefro.2020.03.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S021169952030028X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - UK senior police officer with COVID-19
AU  - Kirby, Tony
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Respiratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30164-8
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213260020301648
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Monitoring the COVID-19 epidemic in the context of widespread local transmission
AU  - García-Basteiro, Alberto L.
AU  - Chaccour, Carlos
AU  - Guinovart, Caterina
AU  - Llupià, Anna
AU  - Brew, Joe
AU  - Trilla, Antoni
AU  - Plasencia, Antoni
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Respiratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30162-4
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213260020301624
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Death in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Ingravallo, Francesca
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30079-7
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468266720300797
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Why inequality could spread COVID-19
AU  - Ahmed, Faheem
AU  - Ahmed, Na'eem
AU  - Pissarides, Christopher
AU  - Stiglitz, Joseph
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30085-2
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468266720300852
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cancer guidelines during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Burki, Talha Khan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30217-5
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470204520302175
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Guillain-Barré syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection: causality or coincidence?
AU  - Zhao, Hua
AU  - Shen, Dingding
AU  - Zhou, Haiyan
AU  - Liu, Jun
AU  - Chen, Sheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Neurology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(20)30109-5
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1474442220301095
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Stability of SARS-CoV-2 in different environmental conditions
AU  - Chin, Alex W. H.
AU  - Chu, Julie T. S.
AU  - Perera, Mahen R. A.
AU  - Hui, Kenrie P. Y.
AU  - Yen, Hui-Ling
AU  - Chan, Michael C. W.
AU  - Peiris, Malik
AU  - Poon, Leo L. M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Microbe
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2666-5247(20)30003-3
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666524720300033
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Evolving epidemiology and transmission dynamics of coronavirus disease 2019 outside Hubei province, China: a descriptive and modelling study
AU  - Zhang, Juanjuan
AU  - Litvinova, Maria
AU  - Wang, Wei
AU  - Wang, Yan
AU  - Deng, Xiaowei
AU  - Chen, Xinghui
AU  - Li, Mei
AU  - Zheng, Wen
AU  - Yi, Lan
AU  - Chen, Xinhua
AU  - Wu, Qianhui
AU  - Liang, Yuxia
AU  - Wang, Xiling
AU  - Yang, Juan
AU  - Sun, Kaiyuan
AU  - Longini, Ira M.
AU  - Halloran, M. Elizabeth
AU  - Wu, Peng
AU  - Cowling, Benjamin J.
AU  - Merler, Stefano
AU  - Viboud, Cecile
AU  - Vespignani, Alessandro
AU  - Ajelli, Marco
AU  - Yu, Hongjie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Summary Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), began in Wuhan city, Hubei province, in December, 2019, and has spread throughout China. Understanding the evolving epidemiology and transmission dynamics of the outbreak beyond Hubei would provide timely information to guide intervention policy. Methods We collected individual information from official public sources on laboratory-confirmed cases reported outside Hubei in mainland China for the period of Jan 19 to Feb 17, 2020. We used the date of the fourth revision of the case definition (Jan 27) to divide the epidemic into two time periods (Dec 24 to Jan 27, and Jan 28 to Feb 17) as the date of symptom onset. We estimated trends in the demographic characteristics of cases and key time-to-event intervals. We used a Bayesian approach to estimate the dynamics of the net reproduction number (Rt) at the provincial level. Findings We collected data on 8579 cases from 30 provinces. The median age of cases was 44 years (33–56), with an increasing proportion of cases in younger age groups and in elderly people (ie, aged >64 years) as the epidemic progressed. The mean time from symptom onset to hospital admission decreased from 4·4 days (95% CI 0·0–14·0) for the period of Dec 24 to Jan 27, to 2·6 days (0·0–9·0) for the period of Jan 28 to Feb 17. The mean incubation period for the entire period was estimated at 5·2 days (1·8–12·4) and the mean serial interval at 5·1 days (1·3–11·6). The epidemic dynamics in provinces outside Hubei were highly variable but consistently included a mixture of case importations and local transmission. We estimated that the epidemic was self-sustained for less than 3 weeks, with mean Rt reaching peaks between 1·08 (95% CI 0·74–1·54) in Shenzhen city of Guangdong province and 1·71 (1·32–2·17) in Shandong province. In all the locations for which we had sufficient data coverage of Rt, Rt was estimated to be below the epidemic threshold (ie, <1) after Jan 30. Interpretation Our estimates of the incubation period and serial interval were similar, suggesting an early peak of infectiousness, with possible transmission before the onset of symptoms. Our results also indicate that, as the epidemic progressed, infectious individuals were isolated more quickly, thus shortening the window of transmission in the community. Overall, our findings indicate that strict containment measures, movement restrictions, and increased awareness of the population might have contributed to interrupt local transmission of SARS-CoV-2 outside Hubei province. Funding National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars, National Institute of General Medical Sciences, and European Commission Horizon 2020.
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30230-9
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1473309920302309
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - From China: hope and lessons for COVID-19 control
AU  - Azman, Andrew S.
AU  - Luquero, Francisco J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30264-4
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30264-4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: the current situation in Afghanistan
AU  - Shah, Jaffer
AU  - Karimzadeh, Sedighe
AU  - Al-Ahdal, Tareq Mohammed Ali
AU  - Mousavi, Sayed Hamid
AU  - Zahid, Shafi Ullah
AU  - Huy, Nguyen Tien
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Global Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30124-8
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214109X20301248
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Correction to Feasibility of controlling COVID-19 outbreaks by isolation of cases and contacts (The Lancet Global Health (2020) 8(4) (e488–e496), (S2214109X20300747), (10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30074-7))
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Hellewell J, Abbott S, Gimma A, et al. Feasibility of controlling COVID-19 outbreaks by isolation of cases and contacts. Lancet Glob Health 2020, published online Feb 28; https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30074-7—In the table of this Article, the row titled “Overdispersion in R0 (SARS-like, influenza-like)”, should have read “Overdispersion in R0 (SARS-like)”. In the Transmission scenarios section of the Methods, in the first sentence, R0 and transmission before symptom onset should have been listed as separate items. In figure legend 2A, the line marks the median, not the mean. In figure 2C, the key was incorrect: the box representing <1% should have been orange, and the box representing 30% should have been purple. These corrections have been made to the online version as of March 5, 2020.
JO  - The Lancet Global Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30083-8
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005433705 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30083-8
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A risk-based approach is best for decision making on holding mass gathering events
AU  - McCloskey, Brian
AU  - Zumla, Alimuddin
AU  - Lim, Poh Lian
AU  - Endericks, Tina
AU  - Arbon, Paul
AU  - Cicero, Anita
AU  - Borodina, Maria
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30794-7
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673620307947
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Fangcang shelter hospitals: a novel concept for responding to public health emergencies
AU  - Chen, Simiao
AU  - Zhang, Zongjiu
AU  - Yang, Juntao
AU  - Wang, Jian
AU  - Zhai, Xiaohui
AU  - Bärnighausen, Till
AU  - Wang, Chen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Summary Fangcang shelter hospitals are a novel public health concept. They were implemented for the first time in China in February, 2020, to tackle the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak. The Fangcang shelter hospitals in China were large-scale, temporary hospitals, rapidly built by converting existing public venues, such as stadiums and exhibition centres, into health-care facilities. They served to isolate patients with mild to moderate COVID-19 from their families and communities, while providing medical care, disease monitoring, food, shelter, and social activities. We document the development of Fangcang shelter hospitals during the COVID-19 outbreak in China and explain their three key characteristics (rapid construction, massive scale, and low cost) and five essential functions (isolation, triage, basic medical care, frequent monitoring and rapid referral, and essential living and social engagement). Fangcang shelter hospitals could be powerful components of national responses to the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as future epidemics and public health emergencies.
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30744-3
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673620307443
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Monitoring behavioural insights related to COVID-19
AU  - Betsch, Cornelia
AU  - Wieler, Lothar H.
AU  - Habersaat, Katrine
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30729-7
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673620307297
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Medical student involvement in the COVID-19 response
AU  - Baker, Daniel M.
AU  - Bhatia, Sanchita
AU  - Brown, Samuel
AU  - Cambridge, William
AU  - Kamarajah, Sivesh K.
AU  - McLean, Kenneth A.
AU  - Brindl, Niall
AU  - Lapolla, Pierfrancesco
AU  - Pérez-Ajates, Silvia
AU  - Raubenheimer, Kyle
AU  - Xu, William
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30795-9
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673620307959
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Global coalition to accelerate COVID-19 clinical research in resource-limited settings
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30798-4
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673620307984
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid 19-Journal de Bord - 25 mars 2020 - La création d’une réanimation éphémère–Entretien avec Thomas Lescot
AU  - Lescot, Thomas
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - La Presse Médicale Formation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lpmfor.2020.03.025
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666479820300537
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Progress and challenge of vaccine development against 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)]
AU  - Shi, Y.
AU  - Wang, N.
AU  - Zou, Q. M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection poses a serious threat to global public health. Vaccination is an effective way to prevent the epidemic of the virus. 2019-nCoV along with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) belong to the same β-genus of coronavirus family. Base on the previous experience and the technical platform of developing SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV vaccines, scientists from all over the world are working hard and quickly on the related fields. There are substantial progress in these fields including the characterizing the 2019-nCoV virus, identification of candidate antigens and epitopes, establishment of animal models, characterizing the immune responses, and the design of vaccines. The development of 2019-nCoV vaccines cover all types: inactivated virus vaccine, recombinant protein vaccine, viral vector-based vaccine, mRNA vaccine, and DNA vaccine, et al. As of March 2020, two 2019-nCoV vaccines have entered phase I clinical trials. One is named as Ad5-nCoV developed by the Chinese Institute of Biotechnology of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences and Tianjin Cansino Biotechnology Inc. Ad5-nCoV is based on the replication-defective adenovirus type 5 as the vector to express 2019-nCoV spike protein. The another vaccine is mRNA-1273 developed by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases and Moderna, Inc.. RNA-1273 is an mRNA vaccine expressing 2019-nCoV spike protein. Although the rapid development of 2019-nCoV vaccine, it still faces many challenges with unknown knowledge, including the antigenic characteristics of the 2019-nCoV, the influence of antigenic variation, the protective immune response of host, the protection of the elderly population, and the downstream manufacturing process of the new vaccine. The safety and efficacy of vaccines are the first priority for vaccine development and should be carefully evaluated.
JO  - Zhonghua yu fang yi xue za zhi [Chinese journal of preventive medicine]
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 0
PG  - E029-E029
SP  - E029
EP  - E029
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20200317-00366
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Rethinking public health education and public health workforce development in China]
AU  - Ren, T.
AU  - Lyu, J.
AU  - Yu, C. Q.
AU  - Li, L. M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - During the fighting against novel coronavirus disease epidemic, both the public health education and public health workforce of China have exposed important challenges. The present review discusses dilemmas and weakness that relate to the position of public health education in the higher education system, public health education system, curriculum system, teaching methods, practice-based teaching, training of highly qualified personnel in public health, public health teachers, remuneration and non-monetary honorable rewards for the public health workforce. Suggestions are also proposed for each of the challenges.
JO  - Zhonghua yu fang yi xue za zhi [Chinese journal of preventive medicine]
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 5
PG  - 457-464
SP  - 457
EP  - 464
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20200330-00473
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Investigation of an epidemic cluster caused by COVID⁃19 cases in incubation period in Shanghai]
AU  - Xiao, W. J.
AU  - Gao, Q.
AU  - Jin, K.
AU  - Gong, X. H.
AU  - Han, R. B.
AU  - Jiang, C. Y.
AU  - Jiang, X. J.
AU  - Jin, B. H.
AU  - Fang, Q. W.
AU  - Pan, H.
AU  - Wu, H. Y.
AU  - Sun, X. D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of a cluster of 5 confirmed COVID⁃19 cases related with the transmission in incubation period of initial case, and find out the infection source and transmission chain.. Methods: According to "The Prevention and Control Protocol for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Third Edition)" issued by the National Health Commission, a field epidemiological survey was conducted for the 5 cases in January 2020. Nasopharyngeal swabs and sputum samples were collected from them for the detection of 2019-nCoV by real time RT-PCR. Multi prevention and control measures were taken, such as tracking and screening close contacts, medical isolation observation, investigating the epidemiological link, analyzing transmission chain. Results: Case 1, who had common environmental exposure with other COVID⁃19 cases, got sick on 20 January, 2020 and was confirmed on 1 February. Case 2 became symptomatic on 22 January and was confirmed on 27 January. Case 3 got sick on 25 January and was confirmed on 30 January. Case 4 had illness onset on 20 January and was confirmed on 1 February. Case 5 got sick on 23 January and was confirmed on 31 January. Among the 5 cases, case 2 died and the illness of other cases were effectively controlled. After exclusion of other common exposure factors, case 1 had a 6-hour meeting with case 2 and case 3 on 19 January. Case 2 and case 3 might be infected by case 1 during the incubation period. It is the key point for epidemiological investigation. Conclusion: The epidemiological investigation indicates that the transmission might occur in the incubation period of COVID-19 case, close attention should be paid to it in future COVID-19 prevention and control.
JO  - Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi = Zhonghua liuxingbingxue zazhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 0
PG  - E033-E033
SP  - E033
EP  - E033
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200302-00236
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [An epidemiologic thinking on the diagnosis criteria of COVID-19]
AU  - Tan, H. Z.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The diagnosis of COVID-19 is based on the positive of etiological test. The current etiological test of COVID-19 cost long time, and have high false negative rate, may resulting delay the measures of disease treatment and prevention. We suggested that COVID-19 should be diagnosed as 3 types: suspected case, clinical diagnosed case, and definite diagnosed case.
JO  - Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi = Zhonghua liuxingbingxue zazhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 0
PG  - E031-E031
SP  - E031
EP  - E031
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200226-00181
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 in Gansu province]
AU  - Gou, F. X.
AU  - Zhang, X. S.
AU  - Yao, J. X.
AU  - Yu, D. S.
AU  - Wei, K. F.
AU  - Zhang, H.
AU  - Yang, X. T.
AU  - Yang, J. J.
AU  - Liu, H. X.
AU  - Cheng, Y.
AU  - Jiang, X. J.
AU  - Zheng, Y. H.
AU  - Wu, B.
AU  - Liu, X. F.
AU  - Li, H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To understand the epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 cases in different epidemic stages in Gansu province. Methods: Epidemiological investigation was conducted to collect the information of confirmed COVID-19 cases, including demographic, epidemiological and clinical information. Results: As of 25 February 2020, a total of 91 confirmed COVID-19 cases had been reported in Gansu. The epidemic of COVID-19 in Gansu can be divided as three different stages, i.e. imported case stage, imported-case plus indigenous case stage, and indigenous case stage. A total of 63 cases were clustered cases (69.23%), 3 cases were medical staff infected with non-occupational exposure. The initial symptoms included fever (54.95%, 50/91), cough (52.75%, 48/91), or fatigue (28.57%, 26/91), the proportion of each symptom showed a decreasing trend along with the three epidemic stages, but only the differences in proportions of fever (trend χ(2)=2.20, P<0.05) and fatigue (trend χ(2)=3.18, P<0.05) among the three epidemic stages were statistically significant. The cases with critical severe symptoms accounted for 42.85% (6/14), 23.73% (14/59) and 16.67% (3/18), respectively, in three epidemic stages, showed a decreasing trend (H=6.45, P<0.05). Also, the incubation period prolonged along with the epidemic stage (F=51.65, P<0.01), but the intervals between disease onset and hospital visit (F=5.32, P<0.01), disease onset and diagnosis (F=5.25, P<0.01) became shorter along with the epidemic stage. Additionally, the basic reproduction number (R0) had decreased from 2.61 in imported case stage to 0.66 in indigenous case stage. Conclusions: The COVID-19 epidemic in Gansu was caused by the imported cases, and about 2/3 cases were clustered ones. No medical worker was observed to be infected by occupational exposure. With the progression of COVID-19 epidemic in Gansu, the change in initial symptom and incubation period suggests, the early screening cannot only depend on body temperature monitoring.
JO  - Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi = Zhonghua liuxingbingxue zazhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 0
PG  - E032-E032
SP  - E032
EP  - E032
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200229-00216
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [First case of neonate with COVID-19 in China]
AU  - Zeng, L. K.
AU  - Tao, X. W.
AU  - Yuan, W. H.
AU  - Wang, J.
AU  - Liu, X.
AU  - Liu, Z. S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zhonghua er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of pediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 58
IS  - 4
PG  - 279-280
SP  - 279
EP  - 280
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20200212-00081
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [From SARS to COVID-19: pathogens, receptor, pathogenesis and principles of the treatment]
AU  - Wang, X.
AU  - Ding, Y. Q.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by 2019-nCoV and characterizes as an atypical pneumonia. Since 2019-nCoV is a newly emerging virus, the pathogenesis of COVID-19 is not well known. Most patients had a self-limited course, and some became severe even death. In this review, the authors compared two coronavirus outbreaks during the past two decades: the SARS-CoV and 2019-nCoV. Among the biological nature of the pathogens, viral receptor distribution on the human cells, and the pathological findings in the targeted organs and clinical features of the patients with the diseases, found similarities and differences between the two diseases. Due to the shared receptor ACE2 and the pathological similarities of the SARS-CoV and 2019-nCoV diseases. They proposed a pathogenesis model for COVID-19. Like the SARS-CoV disease, COVID-19 is a systematic disease and targets the lungs, vasculatures, and the immune system. The basic pathogenesis involves two interlinked processes: a severe lung inflammation and immune deficiency, both of which are related to an inappropriate immune response and over-production of cytokines. Thus, treatment approaches should include antiviral and anti-proinflammatory cytokines, anti-infectious and life support therapies, especially in patients with severe diseases.
JO  - Zhonghua bing li xue za zhi = Chinese journal of pathology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 49
IS  - 0
PG  - E012-E012
SP  - E012
EP  - E012
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20200318-00220
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The versatile heparin in COVID-19
AU  - Thachil, Jecko
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coagulopathy in corona virus infection has been shown to be associated with high mortality with high D-dimers being a particularly important marker for the coagulopathy.(1) In the latest paper from the same group, the use of anticoagulant therapy with heparin was shown to decrease mortality as well. (2) This is especially so in patients i) who have met the sepsis induced coagulopathy (SIC) criteria ≥4 (40.0% vs 64.2%, P=0.029) compared to those with SIC score <4 (29.0% vs 22.6%, P=0.419).or ii) with markedly elevated D-dimer (greater than six-fold at the upper limit of normal).
JO  - Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jth.14821
UR  - 
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Exuberant Plasmocytosis in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Specimen of the First Patient Requiring Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for SARS-CoV-2 in Europe
AU  - Giani, M.
AU  - Seminati, D.
AU  - Lucchini, A.
AU  - Foti, G.
AU  - Pagni, F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Thoracic Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jtho.2020.03.008
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005398206 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtho.2020.03.008
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Comparative Study of Chest Computed Tomography Features in Young and Older Adults With Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19)
AU  - Zhu, Tingting
AU  - Wang, Yujin
AU  - Zhou, Shuchang
AU  - Zhang, Na
AU  - Xia, Liming
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE: To analyze the most common computed tomography (CT) findings of pneumonia caused by new coronavirus in younger patients (60 and younger) and older adults (older than 60). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The chest CT images of 72 symptomatic patients with corona virus disease (COVID-19) were analyzed retrospectively, including 44 younger patients (47.5±8.7 y old) and 28 older patients (68.4±6.0 y old). CT findings including density (pure ground-glass opacities, ground-glass opacities with consolidation, consolidation), the number of lobes involved, lesion distribution, and the main accompanying signs were analyzed and compared. RESULTS: Characteristic CT findings included the lobes of bilateral lung extensively involved, ground-glass opacity and ground-glass opacity with consolidation in the peripheral area, sometimes accompanied by interlobular septal thickening, and subpleural line and pleural thickening. Compared with the younger group, the proportion of extensive involvement of lung lobes was higher in the elderly group (71.4% vs. 36.4%, P=0.009), and subpleural line and pleural thickening were more likely to occur (50.0% vs. 25.0%, and 71.4% vs. 40.9%, P=0.030 and 0.011, respectively). CONCLUSION: Elderly and younger patients with corona virus disease have some common CT features, but older patients are more likely to have extensive lung lobe involvement, and subpleural line and pleural thickening. These differentiated characteristics may be related to the progress and prognosis of the disease.
JO  - Journal of thoracic imaging
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1097/RTI.0000000000000513
UR  - 
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 pneumonia in Taiwan
AU  - joob, Beuy
AU  - Wiwanitkit, Viroj
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the Formosan Medical Association
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfma.2020.03.009
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0929664620301017
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Author reply to Letters to the Editor “COVID-19 pneumonia in Taiwan”
AU  - Cheng, Shao-Chung
AU  - Fan Chiang, Yu-Long
AU  - Huang, Chia-Husn
AU  - Hsu, Yuan-Nian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the Formosan Medical Association
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfma.2020.03.011
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0929664620301030
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Author reply to Letters to the Editor “CT chest findings in coronavirus disease (COVID-19)”
AU  - Chang, Yuan-Chia
AU  - Yang, Chin-Hua
AU  - Chien, Yu-Chan
AU  - Hsu, Yuan-Nian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the Formosan Medical Association
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfma.2020.03.012
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0929664620301042
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Electronic Personal Protective Equipment: A Strategy to Protect Emergency Department Providers in the Age of COVID-19
AU  - Turer, Robert W.
AU  - Jones, Ian
AU  - Rosenbloom, S. Trent
AU  - Slovis, Corey
AU  - Ward, Michael J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>Emergent policy changes related to telemedicine and the Emergency Medical Treatment and Labor Act (EMTALA) during the novel coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) have created opportunities for technology-based clinical evaluation, which serves to conserve personal protective equipment (PPE) and protect emergency providers. We define electronic personal protective equipment (ePPE) as an approach using telemedicine tools to perform electronic medical screening exams while satisfying EMTALA. We discuss the safety, legal, and technical factors necessary for implementing such a pathway. This approach has the potential to conserve PPE and protect providers while maintaining safe standards for medical screening exams in the ED for low risk patients in whom COVID-19 is suspected.</p>
JO  - Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/jamia/ocaa048
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/jamia/advance-article/doi/10.1093/jamia/ocaa048/5815267
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Do Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/Angiotensin Receptor Blockers Have a Biphasic Effect?
AU  - Sommerstein, Rami
AU  - Kochen, Michael M.
AU  - Messerli, Franz H.
AU  - Gräni, Christoph
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Heart Association
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 7
PG  - e016509-e016509
SP  - e016509
EP  - e016509
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1161/JAHA.120.016509
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and Cardiovascular Disease: A Viewpoint on the Potential Influence of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/Angiotensin Receptor Blockers on Onset and Severity of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection
AU  - Guo, Junyi
AU  - Huang, Zheng
AU  - Lin, Li
AU  - Lv, Jiagao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Heart Association
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 7
PG  - e016219-e016219
SP  - e016219
EP  - e016219
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1161/JAHA.120.016219
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Precautions for Operating Room Team Members during the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Forrester, Joseph D.
AU  - Nassar, Aussama K.
AU  - Maggio, Paul M.
AU  - Hawn, Mary T.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background The novel corona virus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) can infect healthcare workers. We developed an institutional algorithm to protect operating room team members during the COVID-19 pandemic and rationally conserve personal protective equipment (PPE). Study Design An interventional platform (operating room, interventional suites, and endoscopy) PPE taskforce was convened by the hospital and medical school leadership and tasked with developing a common algorithm for PPE use, to be used throughout the interventional platform. In conjunction with our infection disease experts, we developed our guidelines based upon potential patterns of spread, risk of exposure and conservation of PPE. Results A decision tree algorithm describing our institutional guidelines for precautions for operating room team members was created. This algorithm is based on urgency of operation, anticipated viral burden at the surgical site, opportunity for a procedure to aerosolize virus, and likelihood a patient could be infected based on symptoms and testing. Conclusion Despite COVID-19 being a new threat, we have shown that by developing an easy-to-follow decision tree algorithm for the interventional platform teams, we can ensure optimal healthcare worker safety.
JO  - Journal of the American College of Surgeons
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2020.03.030
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1072751520303033
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Respiratory Support for Adult Patients with COVID-19
AU  - Whittle, Jessica S.
AU  - Pavlov, Ivan
AU  - Sacchetti, Alfred D.
AU  - Atwood, Charles
AU  - Rosenberg, Mark S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic is creating unique strains on the healthcare system. While only a small percentage of patients require mechanical ventilation and ICU care, the enormous size of the populations affected means that these critical resources may become limited. A number of non-invasive options exist to avert mechanical ventilation and ICU admission. This is a clinical review of these options and their applicability in adult COVID-19 patients. Summary recommendations include: 1. Avoid nebulized therapies. Consider metered dose inhaler alternatives. 2. Provide supplemental oxygen following usual treatment principles for hypoxic respiratory failure. Maintain awareness of the aerosol generating potential of all devices, including nasal cannulas, simple face masks, and venturi masks. Use non-rebreather masks when possible. Be attentive to aerosol generation and the use of personal protective equipment. 3. High flow nasal oxygen is preferred for patients with higher oxygen support requirements. Non-invasive positive pressure ventilation may be associated with higher risk of nosocomial transmission. If used, measures special precautions should be used reduce aerosol formation. 4. Early intubation/ mechanical ventilation may be prudent for patients deemed likely to progress to critical illness, multi-organ failure, or ARDS. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
JO  - Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians Open
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/emp2.12071
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/emp2.12071
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Sentinel COVID-19 Case in Houston, Texas: Informing Frontline Emergency Department Screening and Preparedness
AU  - Lopez, Monica
AU  - Luber, Samuel
AU  - Prater, Samuel
AU  - Ostrosky-Zeichner, Luis
AU  - McCarthy, Jamie
AU  - Suarez, Guillermo
AU  - Bobrow, Bentley J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract In December 2019, a cluster of severe pneumonia cases of unknown cause was reported in Wuhan, Hubei province, China. A novel strain of coronavirus belonging to the same family of viruses that cause severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) was identified. In February 2020, cases began being identified in the United States. We describe a sentinel CoVID-19 patient in Houston,Texas, who first presented on March 1, 2020. The patient did not meet criteria for a Person Under Investigation (PUI) as recommended by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) at the time. This case has broad implications for emergency department screening and preparedness for CoVID-19 and other future infectious diseases. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
JO  - Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians Open
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/emp2.12068
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/emp2.12068
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Why are pregnant women susceptible to COVID-19? An immunological viewpoint
AU  - Liu, H.
AU  - Wang, L. L.
AU  - Zhao, S. J.
AU  - Kwak-Kim, J.
AU  - Mor, G.
AU  - Liao, A. H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was first detected in December 2019 and became epidemic in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. COVID-19 has been rapidly spreading out in China and all over the world. The virus causing COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2 has been known to be genetically similar to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) but distinct from it. Clinical manifestation of COVID-19 can be characterized by mild upper respiratory tract infection, lower respiratory tract infection involving non-life threatening pneumonia, and life-threatening pneumonia with acute respiratory distress syndrome. It affects all age groups, including newborns, to the elders. Particularly, pregnant women may be more susceptible to COVID-19 since pregnant women, in general, are vulnerable to respiratory infection. In pregnant women with COVID-19, there is no evidence for vertical transmission of the virus, but an increased prevalence of preterm deliveries has been noticed. The COVID-19 may alter immune responses at the maternal-fetal interface, and affect the well-being of mothers and infants. In this review, we focused on the reason why pregnant women are more susceptible to COVID-19 and the potential maternal and fetal complications from an immunological viewpoint.
JO  - Journal of Reproductive Immunology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 139
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jri.2020.103122
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005429482 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jri.2020.103122
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Physiotherapists during COVID-19: usual business, in unusual times
AU  - Haines, Kimberley J.
AU  - Berney, Sue
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Physiotherapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphys.2020.03.012
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1836955320300291
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Correspondence from northern Italy about our experience with COVID-19
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Pediatric Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2020.03.028
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022346820302529
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Diagnostic evaluation of pulmonary embolism during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Zuckier, Lionel S.
AU  - Moadel, Renée M.
AU  - Haramati, Linda B.
AU  - Freeman, Leonard
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2967/jnumed.120.245571
UR  - 
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Imaging clinic operations in the times of COVID-19: Strategies, Precautions and Experiences
AU  - Czernin, Johannes
AU  - Fanti, Stefano
AU  - Meyer, Philipp T.
AU  - Allen-Auerbach, Martin
AU  - Hacker, Marcus
AU  - Sathekge, Mike
AU  - Hicks, Rodney
AU  - Scott, Andrew M.
AU  - Hatazawa, Jun
AU  - Yun, Mijin
AU  - Schöder, Heiko
AU  - Bartenstein, Peter
AU  - Herrmann, Ken
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2967/jnumed.120.245738
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Dr. Li Wenliang and the Time of COVID-19
AU  - Czernin, Johannes
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2967/jnumed.120.245712
UR  - 
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - INCIDENTAL FINDINGS SUGGESTIVE OF COVID-19 IN ASYMPTOMATIC PATIENTS UNDERGOING NUCLEAR MEDICINE PROCEDURES IN A HIGH PREVALENCE REGION
AU  - Albano, Domenico
AU  - Bertagna, Francesco
AU  - Bertolia, Mattia
AU  - Bosio, Giovanni
AU  - Lucchini, Silvia
AU  - Motta, Federica
AU  - Panarotto, Maria Beatrice
AU  - Peli, Alessia
AU  - Camoni, Luca
AU  - Bengel, Frank M.
AU  - Giubbini, Raffaele
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Infection with the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 may remain asymptomatic, leading to under-recognition of the related disease, COVID-19, and to incidental findings in nuclear imaging procedures performed for standard clinical indications. Here, we report about our local experience in a region with high COVID-19 prevalence and dynamically increasing infection rates. Methods: Within the 8 day period of March 16-24, 2020, hybrid imaging studies of asymptomatic patients who underwent (18)F-FDG-PET/CT or (131)I-SPECT/CT for standard oncologic indications at our institution in Brescia, Italy, were analyzed for findings suggestive of COVID-19. Presence, radiological features and metabolic activity of interstitial pneumonia were identified, correlated with subsequent short-term clinical course and described in a case series. Results: Six of 65 patients (9%) that underwent PET/CT for various malignancies showed unexpected signs of interstitial pneumonia on CT and elevated regional FDG-avidity. Additionally, 1 of 12 patients who received radioiodine for differentiated thyroid carcinoma also showed interstitial pneumonia on SPECT/CT. 5/7 patients had subsequent proof of COVID-19 by RT-PCR. The remaining 2 patients were not tested immediately but underwent quarantine and careful monitoring. Conclusion: Incidental findings suggestive of COVID-19 may not be infrequent in hybrid imaging of asymptomatic patients, in regions with expansive spread of SARS-CoV-2. Nuclear medicine services should prepare accordingly.
JO  - Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2967/jnumed.120.246256
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - June editorial :viewing the gathering storm
AU  - Boyle, Breidge
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Neonatal Nursing
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnn.2020.03.006
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1355184120300466
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Treating COVID-19 with Chloroquine
AU  - Huang, Mingxing
AU  - Tang, Tiantian
AU  - Pang, Pengfei
AU  - Li, Man
AU  - Ma, Ruolan
AU  - Lu, Jiahui
AU  - Shu, Jingxian
AU  - You, Yingying
AU  - Chen, Binghui
AU  - Liang, Jiabi
AU  - Hong, Zhongsi
AU  - Chen, Huili
AU  - Kong, Ling
AU  - Qin, Dajiang
AU  - Pei, Duanqing
AU  - Xia, Jinyu
AU  - Jiang, Shanping
AU  - Shan, Hong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of molecular cell biology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/jmcb/mjaa014
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Re-emergence of SARS-CoV2 in a discharged COVID-19 case
AU  - Zhou, Mi
AU  - Li, Qingfeng
AU  - Cao, Lin
AU  - Liu, Yingfen
AU  - Zha, Yi
AU  - Xie, He
AU  - Zeng, Mingquan
AU  - Shi, Xuemei
AU  - Gao, Yueqing
AU  - Xie, Liqiu
AU  - Luo, Mei
AU  - Zeng, Yilan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2020.03.031
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1684118220300918
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Evacuation of quarantine-qualified nationals from Wuhan for COVID-19 outbreak – Taiwan experience
AU  - Lee, Chien-Yu
AU  - Wang, Pi-Sheng
AU  - Huang, Yuan-Der
AU  - Lin, Yung-Ching
AU  - Hsu, Yung-Nien
AU  - Chen, Shih-Chung
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2020.03.023
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1684118220300839
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Comments on Zhang et al.: Clinical trial analysis of 2019-nCoV therapy registered in China
AU  - Yu, Yang
AU  - Shi, Qianling
AU  - Chen, Hao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We have read the article by Zhang et al. published in the recent issue of the Journal of Medical Virology(1) . Zhang and his colleagues have made a cross-sectional survey of currently registered clinical trials concerning 2019-nCoV, including the published literature. As such, they have given a preliminary assessment on the prospects of therapy for 2019-nCoV. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25806
UR  - 
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Response to: Sore throat in COVID-19: comment on "Clinical characteristics of hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection: A single arm meta-analysis"
AU  - Sun, Pengfei
AU  - Ren, Jizhen
AU  - Li, Kun
AU  - Qie, Shuyan
AU  - Liu, Zongjian
AU  - Xi, Jianing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We thank Andrea Lovato et al for their letter, which was written in response to our recent meta-analysis published in the journal([1]) . From the news, we learned that the heroic Italian people are fighting the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) tenaciously. We wish you a great victory in this battle. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25818
UR  - 
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Fecal Transmission in COVID-19: A Potential Shedding Rout
AU  - Nouri-Vaskeh, Masoud
AU  - Alizadeh, Leila
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We read with interest recent article by Zhang et al (1) on the diagnosis of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by fecal specimen test. Following the recent outbreak of pneumonia with unknown pathogen in Hubei province in China, a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) isolated from human airway epithelial cells and the disease was named COVID-19.(2) It is a public health emergency of international concern and rapidly spearing all over the world.(3) This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25816
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 spike protein favors ACE2 from Bovidae and Cricetidae
AU  - Luan, Junwen
AU  - Jin, Xiaolu
AU  - Lu, Yue
AU  - Zhang, Leiliang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - SARS-CoV-2 causes the recent COVID-19 public health crisis. Bat is the widely believed original host of SARS-CoV-2. However, its intermediate host before transmitting to human is not clear. Some studies proposed pangolin, snake or turtle as the intermediate hosts. ACE2 is the receptor for SARS-CoV-2, which determines the potential host range for SARS-CoV-2. Based on the structural information of the complex of human ACE2 and SARS-CoV-2 RBD, we analyzed the affinity to S protein of the 20 key residues in ACE2 from mammal, bird, turtle and snake. Several ACE2 proteins from Primates, Bovidae, Cricetidae and Cetacea maintained the majority of key residues in ACE2 for associating with SARS-CoV-2 RBD. The simulated structures indicated that ACE2 proteins from Bovidae and Cricetidae were able to associate with SARS-CoV-2 RBD. We found that nearly half of the key residues in turtle, snake and bird are changed. The simulated structures showed several key contacts with SARS-CoV-2 RBD in turtle and snake ACE2 were abolished. Our study demonstrated that neither snake nor turtle was the intermediate hosts for SARS-CoV-2, which further reinforced the concept that the reptiles are resistant against infection of coronavirus. Our study suggested that Bovidae and Cricetidae should be included in the screening of intermediate hosts for SARS-CoV-2. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25817
UR  - 
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Sore throat in COVID-19: comment on "Clinical characteristics of hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection: A single arm meta-analysis"
AU  - Lovato, Andrea
AU  - Rossettini, Giacomo
AU  - de Filippis, Cosimo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We read with interest the recent meta-analysis by Sun et al.(1) that included 50466 patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). The author found that fever and cough were the most common symptoms, and several subjects had muscle soreness or fatigue. In addition, they reported that "by reading the included literature, we found that diarrhea, hemoptysis, headache, sore throat, shock, and other symptoms are rare".(1) This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25815
UR  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Immune Predictors of Mortality after Ribonucleic Acid Virus Infection
AU  - Graham, J. B.
AU  - Swarts, J. L.
AU  - Menachery, V. D.
AU  - Gralinski, L. E.
AU  - Schäfer, A.
AU  - Plante, K. S.
AU  - Morrison, C. R.
AU  - Voss, K. M.
AU  - Green, R.
AU  - Choonoo, G.
AU  - Jeng, S.
AU  - Miller, D. R.
AU  - Mooney, M. A.
AU  - McWeeney, S. K.
AU  - Ferris, M. T.
AU  - De Villena, F. P. M.
AU  - Gale, M.
AU  - Heise, M. T.
AU  - Baric, R. S.
AU  - Lund, J. M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background: Virus infections result in a range of clinical outcomes for the host, from asymptomatic to severe or even lethal disease. Despite global efforts to prevent and treat virus infections to limit morbidity and mortality, the continued emergence and re-emergence of new outbreaks as well as common infections such as influenza persist as a health threat. Challenges to the prevention of severe disease after virus infection include both a paucity of protective vaccines as well as the early identification of individuals with the highest risk that may require supportive treatment. Methods: We completed a screen of mice from the Collaborative Cross (CC) that we infected with influenza, severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus, and West Nile virus. Results: The CC mice exhibited a range of disease manifestations upon infections, and we used this natural variation to identify strains with mortality after infection and strains exhibiting no mortality. We then used comprehensive preinfection immunophenotyping to identify global baseline immune correlates of protection from mortality to virus infection. Conclusions: These data suggest that immune phenotypes might be leveraged to identify humans at highest risk of adverse clinical outcomes upon infection, who may most benefit from intensive clinical interventions, in addition to providing insight for rational vaccine design.
JO  - Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 221
IS  - 6
PG  - 882-889
SP  - 882
EP  - 889
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/infdis/jiz531
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L631296287 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiz531
NS  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - The spread of novel coronavirus has created an alarming situation worldwide
AU  - Khan, Suliman
AU  - Siddique, Rabeea
AU  - Ali, Ashaq
AU  - Bai, Qian
AU  - Li, Zhe
AU  - Li, Hongmin
AU  - Shereen, Muhammad Adnan
AU  - Xue, Mengzhou
AU  - Nabi, Ghulam
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection and Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiph.2020.03.005
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876034120304056
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Reasons for healthcare workers becoming infected with novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China
AU  - Wang, J.
AU  - Zhou, M.
AU  - Liu, F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Hospital Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jhin.2020.03.002
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005408330 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2020.03.002
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Challenges with the management of older patients with cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Falandry, Claire
AU  - Filteau, Cynthia
AU  - Ravot, Christine
AU  - Le Saux, Olivia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Geriatric Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgo.2020.03.020
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1879406820301533
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Teledermatology: a useful tool to fight COVID-19
AU  - Villani, Alessia
AU  - Scalvenzi, Massimiliano
AU  - Fabbrocini, Gabriella
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of dermatological treatment
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/09546634.2020.1750557
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - An Assessment of United States Dermatology Practices during the COVID-19 Outbreak
AU  - Muddasani, Suraj
AU  - Housholder, Anne
AU  - Fleischer, Alan B., Jr.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objectives: The COVID-19 outbreak is a serious threat to public health and social distancing on the part of individuals can help contain the epidemic. It is unknown if dermatologists are assisting with the public health officials' recommendations for social distancing by closing their practice or limiting their practice to the treatment of emergency conditions. This study examines the activity level of dermatology practices during the United States COVID-19 outbreak.Methods: We performed scripted phone calls to 60 dermatology practices in six different counties in the United Stated during the COVID-19 outbreak. We assessed if practices are open and if they are serving patients with urgent and non-urgent conditions.Results: Of the 60 dermatologists selected for the study, 55 were successfully contacted (92% contact rate). Of these practices, 29 (53%) were open, 17 (31%) were only seeing urgent patients and 9 (16%) were closed. New York, New York had 2 (20%) open offices which was the lowest proportion of any county (p=.04). Counties with higher prevalence had fewer open offices (p<.01, R(2)=.7).Conclusions: Many practices have restricted their level of operation especially in higher areas of COVID-19 prevalence, likely to help facilitate social distancing.
JO  - The Journal of dermatological treatment
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-10
SP  - 1
EP  - 10
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/09546634.2020.1750556
UR  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - ACE2, COVID19 and serum ACE as a possible biomarker to predict severity of disease
AU  - Skarstein Kolberg, Espen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Clinical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 104350-104350
SP  - 104350
EP  - 104350
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104350
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1386653220300925
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Annotation: The COVID-19 Pandemic and Clinical Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery
AU  - Ashford, Robert U.
AU  - Nichols, Jennifer S.
AU  - Mangwani, Jitendra
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcot.2020.04.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0976566220301168
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - What use are words at a time like this?
AU  - Darbyshire, Philip
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - What use are words at a time like this? I am writing this on 27th March as the world is plunging further into the coronavirus crisis. Like many worldwide, I am in virtual 'lockdown' in Australia while the exponential spread of the virus continues. At a follow-up tele-consult with my medical consultant recently, he said that he was apprehensive about the 'calm before the storm' that our health services face. He was deadly serious.
JO  - Journal of clinical nursing
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jocn.15273
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Older people and COVID-19: Isolation, risk and ageism
AU  - Brooke, Joanne
AU  - Jackson, Debra
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Internationally, health authorities and governments are warning older people that they are at a higher risk of more serious and possible fatal illness associated with COVID-19. Mortality data from Oxford COVID-19 Evidence Service (25/3/20) indicates a risk of mortality of 3.6% for people in their 60s, which increases to 8.0% and 14.8% for people in their 70s and over 80s. Therefore, the global recommendation for older populations includes social isolation, which involves staying at home and avoiding contact with other people, possibly for an extended period of time, currently estimated to be between three and four months. Older populations in this current context, refers to people over 70 years, and 50 years in some particularly vulnerable Indigenous populations.
JO  - Journal of clinical nursing
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jocn.15274
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Confronting and Governing the Public Health Emergency
AU  - Yu, Jianxing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Chinese Governance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/23812346.2020.1744260
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/23812346.2020.1744260
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Identification of Chymotrypsin-like Protease Inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 Via Integrated Computational Approach
AU  - Khan, Salman Ali
AU  - Zia, Komal
AU  - Ashraf, Sajda
AU  - Uddin, Reaz
AU  - Ul-Haq, Zaheer
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Recently, the world has witnessed outbreak of a novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), the virus which initially emerged in Wuhan, China has now made its way to a large part of the world, resulting in a public emergency of international concern. The functional importance of Chymotrypsin-like protease (3CL(pro)) in viral replication and maturation turns it into an attractive target for the development of effective antiviral drugs against SARS and other coronaviruses. At present, there is no standard drug regime nor any vaccine available against the infection. The rapid development and identification of efficient interventions against SARS-CoV-2 remains a major challenge. Based on the available knowledge of closely related coronavirus and their safety profiles, repurposing of existing antiviral drugs and screening of available databases is considered a near term strategic and economic way to contain the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Herein, we applied computational drug design methods to identify Chymotrypsin-like protease inhibitors from FDA approved antiviral drugs and our in-house database of natural and drug-like compounds of synthetic origin. As a result three FDA approved drugs ( Remdesivir, Saquinavir and Darunavir) and two natural compounds (. flavone and coumarine derivatives) were identified as promising hits. Further, MD simulation and binding free energy calculations were performed to evaluate the dynamic behavior, stability of protein-ligand contact, and binding affinity of the hit compounds. Our results indicate that the identified compounds can inhibit the function of Chymotrypsin-like protease (3CL(pro)) of Coronavirus. Considering the severity of the spread of coronavirus, the current study is in-line with the concept of finding the new inhibitors against the vital pathway of the corona virus to expedite the process of drug discovery.
JO  - Journal of biomolecular structure & dynamics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-13
SP  - 1
EP  - 13
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/07391102.2020.1751298
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - In-silico approaches to detect inhibitors of the human severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus envelope protein ion channel
AU  - Gupta, Manoj Kumar
AU  - Vemula, Sarojamma
AU  - Donde, Ravindra
AU  - Gouda, Gayatri
AU  - Behera, Lambodar
AU  - Vadde, Ramakrishna
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Recent outbreak of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic around the world is associated with "severe acute respiratory syndrome" (SARS-CoV2) in humans. SARS-CoV2 is an enveloped virus and E proteins present in them are reported to form ion channels, which is mainly associated with pathogenesis. Thus, there is always a quest to inhibit these ion channels, which in turn may help in controlling diseases caused by SARS-CoV2 in humans. Considering this, in the present study, authors employed computational approaches for studying the structure as well as function of the human "SARS-CoV2 E" protein as well as its interaction with various phytochemicals. Result obtained revealed that α-helix and loops present in this protein experience random movement under optimal condition, which in turn modulate ion channel activity; thereby aiding the pathogenesis caused via SARS-CoV2 in human and other vertebrates. However, after binding with Belachinal, Macaflavanone E, and Vibsanol B, the random motion of the human "SARS-CoV2 E" protein gets reduced, this, in turn, inhibits the function of the "SARS-CoV2 E" protein. It is pertinent to note that two amino acids, namely VAL25 and PHE26, play a key role while interacting with these three phytochemicals. As these three phytochemicals, namely, Belachinal, Macaflavanone E & Vibsanol B, have passed the ADMET (Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion and Toxicity) property as well as "Lipinski's Rule of 5s", they may be utilized as drugs in controlling disease caused via SARS-COV2, after further investigation.
JO  - Journal of biomolecular structure & dynamics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-17
SP  - 1
EP  - 17
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/07391102.2020.1751300
UR  - 
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recommendations for coronavirus infection in rheumatic diseases treated with biologic therapy
AU  - Ceribelli, Angela
AU  - Motta, Francesca
AU  - De Santis, Maria
AU  - Ansari, Aftab A.
AU  - Ridgway, William M.
AU  - Gershwin, M. Eric
AU  - Selmi, Carlo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The Coronavirus-associated disease, that was first identified in 2019 in China (CoViD-19), is a pandemic caused by a bat-derived beta-coronavirus, named SARS-CoV2. It shares homology with SARS and MERS-CoV, responsible for past outbreaks in China and in Middle East. SARS-CoV2 spread from China where the first infections were described in December 2019 and is responsible for the respiratory symptoms that can lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome. A cytokine storm has been shown in patients who develop fatal complications, as observed in past coronavirus infections. The management includes ventilatory support and broad-spectrum antiviral drugs, empirically utilized, as a targeted therapy and vaccines have not been developed. Based upon our limited knowledge on the pathogenesis of CoViD-19, a potential role of some anti-rheumatic drugs may be hypothesized, acting as direct antivirals or targeting host immune response. Antimalarial drugs, commonly used in rheumatology, may alter the lysosomal proteases that mediates the viral entry into the cell and have demonstrated efficacy in improving the infection. Anti-IL-1 and anti-IL-6 may interfere with the cytokine storm in severe cases and use of tocilizumab has shown good outcomes in a small cohort. Baricitinib has both antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties. Checkpoints inhibitors such as anti-CD200 and anti-PD1 could have a role in the treatment of CoViD-19. Rheumatic disease patients taking immunosuppressive drugs should be recommended to maintain the chronic therapy, prevent infection by avoiding social contacts and pausing immunosuppressants in case of infection. National and international registries are being created to collect data on rheumatic patients with CoViD-19.
JO  - Journal of Autoimmunity
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 102442-102442
SP  - 102442
EP  - 102442
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaut.2020.102442
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S089684112030055X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Global Telemedicine Implementation and Integration Within Health Systems to Fight the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Call to Action
AU  - Ohannessian, Robin
AU  - Duong, Tu Anh
AU  - Odone, Anna
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak as a pandemic, with over 720,000 cases reported in more than 203 countries as of 31 March. The response strategy included early diagnosis, patient isolation, symptomatic monitoring of contacts as well as suspected and confirmed cases, and public health quarantine. In this context, telemedicine, particularly video consultations, has been promoted and scaled up to reduce the risk of transmission, especially in the United Kingdom and the United States of America. Based on a literature review, the first conceptual framework for telemedicine implementation during outbreaks was published in 2015. An updated framework for telemedicine in the COVID-19 pandemic has been defined. This framework could be applied at a large scale to improve the national public health response. Most countries, however, lack a regulatory framework to authorize, integrate, and reimburse telemedicine services, including in emergency and outbreak situations. In this context, Italy does not include telemedicine in the essential levels of care granted to all citizens within the National Health Service, while France authorized, reimbursed, and actively promoted the use of telemedicine. Several challenges remain for the global use and integration of telemedicine into the public health response to COVID-19 and future outbreaks. All stakeholders are encouraged to address the challenges and collaborate to promote the safe and evidence-based use of telemedicine during the current pandemic and future outbreaks. For countries without integrated telemedicine in their national health care system, the COVID-19 pandemic is a call to adopt the necessary regulatory frameworks for supporting wide adoption of telemedicine.
JO  - JMIR public health and surveillance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 6
IS  - 2
PG  - e18810-e18810
SP  - e18810
EP  - e18810
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2196/18810
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Predicting COVID-19 incidence using Google Trends and data mining techniques: A pilot study in Iran
AU  - Ayyoubzadeh, Seyed Mohammad
AU  - Ayyoubzadeh, Seyed Mehdi
AU  - Zahedi, Hoda
AU  - Ahmadi, Mahnaz
AU  - R Niakan Kalhori, Sharareh
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: COVID-19 is a recent global outbreak affecting many countries around the world. Iran is one of the ten most affected countries. Search engines provide useful data from populations and this data might be useful to analyze epidemics. Utilizing data mining methods on electronic resources' data might give better insight to manage the health crisis of coronavirus outbreak for each country and the world. OBJECTIVE: This study is aimed to predict the incidence of COVID-19 in Iran. METHODS: The data is obtained from the Google Trend website. Linear regression and long short-term memory (LSTM) models have been used to estimate the number of positive COVID-19 cases. All models are evaluated using 10-fold-cross validation, and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) was used as the performance metric. RESULTS: The Linear Regression model predicts the incidence with an RMSE of 7.562 ± 6.492. The most effective factors besides previous day incidence include the searches' frequency of handwashing, hand sanitizer, and antiseptic topics. The RMSE of the LSTM model was equal to 27.187. CONCLUSIONS: The data mining algorithms can be employed to predict outbreak spreading trends. This prediction might support policymakers and healthcare managers to plan and allocate healthcare resources accordingly.
JO  - JMIR public health and surveillance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2196/18828
UR  - 
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Care of patients with liver disease during the COVID-19 pandemic: EASL-ESCMID position paper
AU  - Boettler, Tobias
AU  - Newsome, Philip N.
AU  - Mondelli, Mario U.
AU  - Maticic, Mojca
AU  - Cordero, Elisa
AU  - Cornberg, Markus
AU  - Berg, Thomas
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Summary The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic poses an enormous challenge to healthcare systems in affected communities. Older patients and those with pre-existing medical conditions have been identified as populations at risk of a severe disease course. It remains unclear at this point to what extent chronic liver diseases should be considered as risk factors, due to a shortage of appropriate studies. However, patients with advanced liver disease and those after liver transplantation represent vulnerable patient cohorts with an increased risk of infection and/or a severe course of COVID-19. In addition, the current pandemic requires unusual allocation of healthcare resources which may negatively impact the care of patients with chronic liver disease that continue to require medical attention. Thus, the challenge hepatologists are facing is to promote telemedicine in the outpatient setting, prioritise outpatient contacts, avoid nosocomial dissemination of the virus to patients and healthcare providers, and at the same time maintain standard care for patients who require immediate medical attention.
JO  - JHEP Reports
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 100113-100113
SP  - 100113
EP  - 100113
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhepr.2020.100113
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589555920300471
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Ultra-high-resolution computed tomography can demonstrate alveolar collapse in novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pneumonia
AU  - Iwasawa, Tae
AU  - Sato, Midori
AU  - Yamaya, Takafumi
AU  - Sato, Yozo
AU  - Uchida, Yoshinori
AU  - Kitamura, Hideya
AU  - Hagiwara, Eri
AU  - Komatsu, Shigeru
AU  - Utsunomiya, Daisuke
AU  - Ogura, Takashi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - PURPOSE: To review the chest computed tomography (CT) findings on the ultra-high-resolution CT (U-HRCT) in patients with the Novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). MATERIALS AND METHODS: In February 2020, six consecutive patients with COVID-19 pneumonia (median age, 69 years) underwent U-HR CT imaging. U-HR-CT has a larger matrix size of 1024 × 1024 thinner slice thickness of 0.25 mm and can demonstrate terminal bronchioles in the normal lungs; as a result, Reid's secondary lobules and their abnormalities can be identified. The distribution and hallmarks (ground-glass opacity, consolidation with or without architectural distortion, linear opacity, crazy paving) of the lung opacities on U-HRCT were visually evaluated on a 1 K monitor by two experienced reviewers. The CT lung volume was measured, and the ratio of the measured lung volume to the predicted total lung capacity (predTLC) based on sex, age and height was calculated. RESULTS: All cases showed crazy paving pattern in U-HRCT. In these lesions, the secondary lobules were smaller than those in the un-affected lungs. CT lung volume decreased in two cases comparing predTLC. CONCLUSION: U-HRCT can evaluate not only the distribution and hallmarks of COVID-19 pneumonia but also visualize local lung volume loss.
JO  - Japanese journal of radiology
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11604-020-00956-y
UR  - 
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Active and Effective Measures for the Care of Patients With Cancer During the COVID-19 Spread in China
AU  - Wang, Zhijie
AU  - Wang, Jie
AU  - He, Jie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jamaoncol.2020.1198
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - My lab is closed to me because of the coronavirus. Here's how I'm planning to stay productive
AU  - Su, Lei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00986-6
UR  - 
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus latest: Confirmed cases cross the 1-million mark
AU  - Nature
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00154-w
UR  - http://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00154-w
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Does COVID19 infect the brain? If so, smokers might be at a higher risk
AU  - Kabbani, Nadine
AU  - Olds, James L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID19 is a devastating global pandemic with epicenters in China, Italy, Spain, and now the United States. While the majority of infected cases appear mild, in some cases individuals present serious cardiorespiratory complications with possible long-term lung damage. Infected individuals report a range of symptoms from headaches to shortness of breath to taste and smell loss. To that end, less is known about the how the virus may impact different organ systems. The SARS-CoV2 virus, which is responsible for COVID19, is highly similar to SARS-CoV. Both viruses have evolved an ability to enter host cells through direct interaction with the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) protein at the surface of many cells. Published findings indicate that SARS-CoV can enter the human nervous system with evidence from both postmortem brains and detection in cerebrospinal fluid of infected individuals. Here we consider the ability of SARS-CoV2 to enter and infect the human nervous system based on the strong expression of the ACE2 target throughout the brain. Moreover, we predict that nicotine exposure through various kinds of smoking (cigarettes, e-cigarettes, or vape) can increase the risk for COVID19 neuroinfection based on known functional interactions between the nicotinic receptor and ACE2. We advocate for higher surveillance and analysis of neuro-complications in infected cases.
JO  - Molecular pharmacology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1124/molpharm.120.000014
UR  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Healthcare impact of COVID-19 epidemic in India: A stochastic mathematical model
AU  - Chatterjee, Kaustuv
AU  - Chatterjee, Kaushik
AU  - Kumar, Arun
AU  - Shankar, Subramanian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background In India, the SARS-CoV2 COVID-19 epidemic has grown to 1,251 cases and 32 deaths as on 30 Mar 2020. The healthcare impact of the epidemic in India was studied with a stochastic mathematical model. Methods A compartmental SEIR model was developed, in which the flow of individuals through compartments is modeled using a set of differential equations. Different scenarios were modeled with 1000 runs of Monte Carlo simulation each using MATLAB. Hospitalization, ICU requirements and deaths were modeled on SimVoi software. The impact of Non-Pharmacological Interventions (NPI) including social distancing and lockdown on checking the epidemic was estimated. Results Uninterrupted epidemic in India would have resulted in over 364 million cases and 1.56 million deaths with peak by mid-July. As per the model, at growth rate of 1.15, India is likely to reach approximately 3 million cases by 25 May, implying 125,455 (±18,034) hospitalizations, 26,130 (±3,298) ICU admissions and 13,447 (±1,819) deaths. This would overwhelm India’s healthcare system. The model shows that with immediate institution of NPIs, the epidemic might still be checked by mid-April 2020. It would then result in 241,974 (±33,735) total infections, 10,214 (±1,649) hospitalizations, 2,121 (±334) ICU admissions and 1,081(±169) deaths. Conclusion At current growth rate of epidemic, India’s healthcare resources will be overwhelmed by end-May. With the immediate institution of NPIs, total cases, hospitalizations, ICU requirements and deaths can be reduced by almost 90%.
JO  - Medical Journal Armed Forces India
PB  - 
CY  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mjafi.2020.03.022
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0377123720300605
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - 
AU  - Lecuit, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Medecine et maladies infectieuses
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.medmal.2020.03.004
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L631361051 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.medmal.2020.03.004
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Liver impairment in COVID-19 patients: a retrospective analysis of 115 cases from a single center in Wuhan city, China
AU  - Zhang, Yafei
AU  - Zheng, Liang
AU  - Liu, Lan
AU  - Zhao, Mengya
AU  - Xiao, Jun
AU  - Zhao, Qiu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is an ongoing global health emergency. The aim of our study was to investigate the changes of liver function and its clinical significance in COVID-19 patients. METHOD: This retrospective, single-center study was conducted on 115 confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Zhongnan hospital of Wuhan University from Jan 18 to Feb 22, 2020. Liver function and related indexes were analyzed to evaluate its relationship with disease progression in COVID-19 patients. RESULTS: Part of the COVID-19 patients presented with varying degrees of abnormality in liver function indexes. However, the levels of ALT, AST, TBIL, GGT and LDH in COVID-19 patients were not significantly different in compared with hospitalized community-acquired pneumonia patients, and the levels of albumin is even significantly higher. Levels of ALT, AST, TBIL, LDH and INR showed statistically significant elevation in severe COVID-19 cases compared with that in mild cases. However, the clinical significance of the elevation is unremarkable. Majority of severe COVID-19 patients showed significantly decreasing in albumin level and continuously decreasing in the progress of illness. Most of the liver function indexes in COVID-19 patients were correlated with CRP and NLR, the markers of inflammation. Logistic regression analysis further identified NLR as the independent risk factor for severe COVID-19, as well as age. CONCLUSIONS: Although abnormalities of liver function indexes are common in COVID-19 patients, the impairment of liver function is not a prominent feature of COVID-19, and also may not have serious clinical consequences.
JO  - Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver
PB  - 
CY  - 
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IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/liv.14455
UR  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical characteristics of Non-ICU hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 and liver injury：A Retrospective study
AU  - Xie, Hansheng
AU  - Zhao, Jianming
AU  - Lian, Ningfang
AU  - Lin, Su
AU  - Xie, Qunfang
AU  - Zhuo, Huichang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND & AIMS: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has raised world concern for global epidemic since December, 2019. Limited data are available for liver function in COVID-19 patients. We aimed to investigate the risk factors related to liver injury in the COVID-19 patients. METHODS: A retrospective study was performed in Non-ICU Ward at Jinyintan Hospital from February 2, 2020 to February 23, 2020. Consecutively confirmed COVID-19 discharged cases were enrolled. The clinical characteristics of patients with liver injury and without liver injury were compared. RESULTS: A total of 79 COVID-19 patients were included. 31.6%, 35.4% and 5.1% COVID-19 patients had elevated levels of ALT, AST and bilirubin, respectively. Median value of ALT, AST and bilirubin for entire cohort were 36.5 (17.5~71.5) U/L, 34.5 (25.3~ 55.3) U/L and 12.7 (8.1~15.4) mmol/L, respectively. There were no significant differences in age, previous medical history, and symptoms between the two groups. Males were more likely to have liver injury when infected with COVID-19 (p<0.05); Compared to patients without liver injury, patients with liver injury had increased levels of white blood cell counts, neutrophils, CRP and CT score (p< 0.05), and had a longer length of stay (p< 0.05). Logistic regression analyses suggested that the extent of pulmonary lesions on CT was a predictor of liver function damage (p< 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Liver injury is common in Non-ICU hospitalized COVID-19 patients. It may be related to systemic inflammation. Intense monitoring and evaluation of liver function in patients with severe pulmonary imaging lesions should be considered.
JO  - Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver
PB  - 
CY  - 
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IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/liv.14449
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - In Times of Crisis, Anticipate Mourning
AU  - Radoykov, Stephane
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - L'Encéphale
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.encep.2020.03.002 KW  -: mourning coronavirus crise crisis deuil grief
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0013700620300658
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Assurer les soins aux patients souffrant de troubles psychiques en France pendant l’épidémie à SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Chevance, A.
AU  - Gourion, D.
AU  - Hoertel, N.
AU  - Llorca, P. M.
AU  - Thomas, P.
AU  - Bocher, R.
AU  - Moro, M. R.
AU  - Laprévote, V.
AU  - Benyamina, A.
AU  - Fossati, P.
AU  - Masson, M.
AU  - Leaune, E.
AU  - Leboyer, M.
AU  - Gaillard, R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Résumé Objectif: L’absence de préparation du système de soins psychiatriques à l’épidémie de virus SARS-CoV-2 fait redouter fait redouter un scénario pessimiste pour la santé physique et mentale des patients suivis en psychiatrie. L’objectif de cet article est de proposer des éléments de guidance pour réorganiser les soins psychiatriques dans le contexte de pandémie COVID-19. Méthode: Les auteurs ont réalisé une synthèse de la littérature internationale combinée au partage des expériences locales françaises. Résultats: Les patients souffrant de troubles psychiques semblent particulièrement vulnérables à ce virus et à la pandémie : vulnérabilités liées aux comorbidités médicales, à l’âge, aux troubles cognitifs qui peuvent entraver le respect des consignes de confinement, et aux complications psychosociales. Plusieurs initiatives ont été prises pour assurer la continuité des soins et contenir l’épidémie : création en psychiatrie d’unité COVID+ co-supervisée par des médecins généralistes ou internistes, restriction des consultations aux cas sévères et redéploiement des soins en téléconsultation, accompagnement de type case-management pour les sorties précoces ou l’impossibilité d’hospitaliser, accompagnements spécifiques pour les complications psychiques du confinement. Les populations suivies en pédopsychiatrie, en psychiatrie du sujet âgé, en addictologie ou détenues en prison doivent bénéficier d’une attention particulière. Plusieurs questions restent en suspend : la question de l’interaction négative ou positive des traitements sur l’infection SARS-CoV-2, l’épidémiologie de l’infection chez les personnes souffrant de troubles psychiques, leur adaptation à un confinement long. Discussion: Une prise de conscience par les décideurs politiques de la grande vulnérabilité de ces populations et des institutions psychiatriques dans cette situation de catastrophe sanitaire est urgente. Objective: The lack of ressources and coordination to face the epidemic of coronavirus raises concerns for the health of patients with mental disorders in a country where we keep in memory the dramatic experience of famine in psychiatric hospitals during the Second World War. This article aims at proposing guidance to ensure mental health care during the SARS-CoV epidemy in France. Methods: authors performed a narrative review identifying relevant results in the scientific and medical literature and local initiatives in France. Results: We identified four types of major vulnerabilities in patients suffering from mental disorders during this pandemic: 1) medical comorbidities that are more frequently found in patients suffering from mental disorders (cardiovascular and pulmonary pathologies, diabetes, obesity, etc.) which represent risk factors for severe infections with covid-19; 2) age (the elderly constituting the population most vulnerable to coronavirus); 3) cognitive and behavioral troubles which can hamper compliance with confinement and hygiene measures and finally and 4) psychosocial vulnerability due to stigmatization and/or socio-economic difficulties. Furthermore, the mental health healthcare system is more vulnerable than other healthcare systems. Current government plans are poorly adapted to psychiatric establishments in a context of major shortage of organizational, material and human resources. In addition, a certain number of structural aspects make the psychiatric institution particularly vulnerable: many beds are closed, wards have a high density of patients, mental health community facilities are closed, medical teams are understaffed and poorly trained to face infectious diseases. We could also face major issues in referring patients with acute mental disorders to intensive care units. To maintain continuity of psychiatric care in this pandemic situation, several directions can be considered, in particular with the creation of COVID + units. These units are under the dual supervision of a psychiatrist and of an internist / in ectious disease specialist; all new entrants should be placed in quarantine for 14 days; the nurse staff should benefit from specific training, from daily medical check-ups and from close psychological support. Family visits would be prohibited and replaced by videoconference. At the end of hospitalization, in particular for the population of patients in compulsory ambulatory care situations, specific case-management should be organized with the possibility of home visits, in order to support them when they get back home and to help them to cope with the experience of confinement, which is at risk to induce recurrences of mental disorders. The total or partial closure of mental health community facilities is particularly disturbing for patients but a regular follow-up is possible with telemedicine and should include the monitoring of the suicide risk and psychoeducation strategies; developing support platforms could also be very helpful in this context. Private psychiatrists have also a crucial role of information with their patients on confinement and barrier measures, but also on measures to prevent the psychological risks inherent to confinement: maintenance of sleep regularity, physical exercise, social interactions, stress management and coping strategies, prevention of addictions, etc. They should also be trained to prevent, detect and treat early warning symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder, because their prevalence was high in the regions of China most affected by the pandemic. Discussion: French mental healthcare is now in a great and urgent need for reorganization and must also prepare in the coming days and weeks to face an epidemic of emotional disorders due to the containment of the general population.
JO  - L'Encéphale
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DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.encep.2020.03.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0013700620300646
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Dr. Hong Yu leads a team battling against the COVID-19 outbreak in Wuhan
AU  - Wang, Jin
AU  - Zeng, Qingjie
PY  - 2020
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N2  - 
JO  - Laparoscopic, Endoscopic and Robotic Surgery
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DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lers.2020.03.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468900920300189
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Caution and clarity required in the use of chloroquine for COVID-19
AU  - Wong, Yin Kwan
AU  - Yang, Jing
AU  - He, Yingke
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Rheumatology
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DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2665-9913(20)30093-X
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266599132030093X
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Excitement around hydroxychloroquine for treating COVID-19 causes challenges for rheumatology
AU  - Owens, Brian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Rheumatology
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DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2665-9913(20)30089-8
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2665991320300898
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Testing Individuals for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
AU  - Hadaya, Joseph
AU  - Schumm, Max
AU  - Livingston, Edward H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
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AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.5388
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Governmental Public Health Powers During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Stay-at-home Orders, Business Closures, and Travel Restrictions
AU  - Gostin, Lawrence O.
AU  - Wiley, Lindsay F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
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EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.5460
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Potential Legal Liability for Withdrawing or Withholding Ventilators During COVID-19: Assessing the Risks and Identifying Needed Reforms
AU  - Cohen, I. Glenn
AU  - Crespo, Andrew M.
AU  - White, Douglas B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
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DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.5442
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - The world is upside down; how coronavirus changes the way we care for our patients
AU  - Rogers, Rebecca G.
AU  - Swift, Steve
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International urogynecology journal
PB  - 
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DO  - 10.1007/s00192-020-04292-7
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Art of Prevention: Life in the Time of Coronavirus
AU  - Baghchechi, Mohsen
AU  - Dunn, Jeffery
AU  - Jaipaul, Navin
AU  - Jacob, Sharon E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has continued to progress since its discovery in December of 2019. A cluster of atypical pneumonia identified in Wuhan, China served as the epicenter of this recent epidemic. This family of viruses is responsible for the common cold along with the infamous Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) epidemic in 2002 and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) in 2012. The Southern China Wholesale Market reportedly has connections to the original 27 cases in Wuhan, China. The worldwide confirmed case total has eclipsed 650,000, with over 30,300 deaths (WHO, 2020). Patient presentation ranges from mild respiratory illness to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and subsequent death. Early epidemiologic studies of viral spread support the hypothesis that COVID-19 can remain latent with an extended and infectious incubation period. The United States Government has issued level 3 precautions for most international travel along with prohibiting entry to foreign nationals traveling from China, Iran, United Kingdom, Republic of Ireland and the European Schengen area (e.g. France, Italy, Germany). Prevention remains the mainstay in treating and defeating the COVID-19 epidemic. Anyone infected or suspected of being infected should self-quarantine at home or admit themselves to a specified hospital with infrastructure to handle the situation. The combination of prevention and containment provides the best opportunity to stall the COVID-19 spread.
JO  - International Journal of Women's Dermatology
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DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijwd.2020.03.046
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S235264752030071X
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Custom-made 3D-printed face masks in case of pandemic crisis situations with a lack of commercially available FFP2/3 masks
AU  - Swennen, Gwen R. J.
AU  - Pottel, Lies
AU  - Haers, Piet E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In the case of pandemic crisis situations, a crucial lack of protective material such as protective face masks for healthcare professionals can occur. A proof of concept (PoC) and prototype are presented, demonstrating a reusable custom-made three-dimensionally (3D) printed face mask based on materials and techniques (3D imaging and 3D printing) with global availability. The individualized 3D protective face mask consists of two 3D-printed reusable polyamide composite components (a face mask and a filter membrane support) and two disposable components (a head fixation band and a filter membrane). Computer-aided design (CAD) was used to produce the reusable components of the 3D face mask based on individual facial scans, which were acquired using a new-generation smartphone with two cameras and a face scanning application. 3D modelling can easily be done by CAD designers worldwide with free download software. The disposable non-woven melt-blown filter membrane is globally available from industrial manufacturers producing FFP2/3 protective masks for painting, construction, agriculture, and the textile industry. Easily available Velcro fasteners were used as a disposable head fixation band. A cleaning and disinfection protocol is proposed. Leakage and virological testing of the reusable components of the 3D face mask, following one or several disinfection cycles, has not yet been performed and is essential prior to its use in real-life situations. This PoC should allow the reader to consider making and/or virologically testing the described custom-made 3D-printed face masks worldwide. The surface tessellation language (STL) format of the original virtual templates of the two reusable components described in this paper can be downloaded free of charge using the hyperlink (Supplementary Material online).
JO  - International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
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DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom.2020.03.015
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0901502720301235
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Delivery of infection from asymptomatic carriers of COVID-19 in a familial cluster
AU  - Ye, Feng
AU  - Xu, Shicai
AU  - Rong, Zhihua
AU  - Xu, Ronghua
AU  - Liu, Xiaowei
AU  - Deng, Pingfu
AU  - Liu, Hai
AU  - Xu, Xuejun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objectives With the ongoing outbreak of COVID-19 around the world, it has become a worldwide health concern. One previous study reported a family cluster with asymptomatic transmission of COVID-19. Here, we report another series of cases and further demonstrate the repeatability of the transmission of COVID-19 by pre-symptomatic carriers. Methods A familial cluster of five patients associated with COVID-19 was enrolled in the hospital. We collected epidemiological and clinical characteristics, laboratory outcomes from electronic medical records, and also affirmed them with the patients and their families. Results Among them, three family members (Case 3/4/5) had returned from Wuhan. Additionally, two family members, those who had not travelled to Wuhan, also contracted COVID-19 after contacting with the other three family members. Case 1 developed severe pneumonia and was admitted to the ICU. Case 3 and Case 5 presented fever and cough on days 2 through 3 of hospitalization and had ground-glass opacity changes in their lungs. Case 4 presented with diarrhoea and pharyngalgia after admission without radiographic abnormalities. Case 2 presented no clinical or radiographic abnormalities. All the cases had an increasing level of C-reactive protein. Conclusions Our findings indicate that COVID-19 can be transmitted by asymptomatic carriers during the incubation period.
JO  - International Journal of Infectious Diseases
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DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.03.042
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971220301740
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Insight into 2019 novel coronavirus — an updated intrim review and lessons from SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV
AU  - Xie, Mingxuan
AU  - Chen, Qiong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background The rapid spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by a zoonotic beta-coronavirus entitled 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), has become a global threat. Awareness of the biological features of 2019-nCoV should be updated in time and needs to be comprehensively summarized to help optimize control measures and make therapeutic decisions. Methods Based on recently published literatures, official documents and selected up-to-date preprint studies, we reviewed the virology and origin, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, pathology and treatment of 2019-nCoV infection, in comparison with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection. Results The genome of 2019-nCoV partially resembled SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, and indicating a bat origin. The COVID-19 generally had a high reproductive number, a long incubation period, a short serial interval and a low case fatality rate (much higher in patients with comorbidities) than SARS and MERS. Clinical presentation and pathology of COVID-19 greatly resembled SARS and MERS, with less upper respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms, and more exudative lesions in post-mortems. Potential treatments included remdesivir, chloroquine, tocilizumab, convalescent plasma and vaccine immunization (when possible). Conclusion The initial experience from the current pandemic and lessons from the previous two pandemics can help improve future preparedness plans and combat disease progression.
JO  - International Journal of Infectious Diseases
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DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.03.071
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971220302046
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - A New Application of Social Impact in Social Media for Overcoming Fake News in Health
AU  - Pulido, Cristina M.
AU  - Ruiz-Eugenio, Laura
AU  - Redondo-Sama, Gisela
AU  - Villarejo-Carballido, Beatriz
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - One of the challenges today is to face fake news (false information) in health due to its potential impact on people&rsquo;s lives. This article contributes to a new application of social impact in social media (SISM) methodology. This study focuses on the social impact of the research to identify what type of health information is false and what type of information is evidence of the social impact shared in social media. The analysis of social media includes Reddit, Facebook, and Twitter. This analysis contributes to identifying how interactions in these forms of social media depend on the type of information shared. The results indicate that messages focused on fake health information are mostly aggressive, those based on evidence of social impact are respectful and transformative, and finally, deliberation contexts promoted in social media overcome false information about health. These results contribute to advancing knowledge in overcoming fake health-related news shared in social media.
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, Vol. 17, Page 2430
PB  - 
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VL  - 17
IS  - 7
PG  - 2430-2430
SP  - 2430
EP  - 2430
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/IJERPH17072430
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - The “helmet bundle” in COVID-19 patients undergoing non invasive ventilation
AU  - Lucchini, Alberto
AU  - Giani, Marco
AU  - Isgrò, Stefano
AU  - Rona, Roberto
AU  - Foti, Giuseppe
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Intensive and Critical Care Nursing
PB  - 
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PG  - 102859-102859
SP  - 102859
EP  - 102859
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iccn.2020.102859
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0964339720300628
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - End-of-life decisions and care in the midst of a global coronavirus pandemic
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Intensive and Critical Care Nursing
PB  - 
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PG  - 102862-102862
SP  - 102862
EP  - 102862
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iccn.2020.102862
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0964339720300653
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - A case of imported COVID-19 diagnosed by PCR-positive lower respiratory specimen but with PCR-negative throat swabs
AU  - Hase, Ryota
AU  - Kurita, Takashi
AU  - Muranaka, Emiri
AU  - Sasazawa, Hiroki
AU  - Mito, Haruki
AU  - Yano, Yudai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A 35-year-old woman presented with fever and mild diarrhoea without any respiratory symptoms 9 days after travelling to Japan from Wuhan, China. Her computed tomography scan revealed pneumonia. The first polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test on throat swab for the novel corona virus upon admission was negative. Therefore, she was treated for community-acquired pneumonia, but fever persisted. On hospital day 5, PCR test on induced sputum was positive, but a second polymerase chain reaction test on throat swab remained negative. She was discharged, fully recovered, on hospital day 12. A lower respiratory tract specimen should be obtained for better diagnosis of corona virus disease 2019, even in the absence of respiratory symptoms for patients with significant travel or exposure history.
JO  - Infectious diseases (London, England)
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PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/23744235.2020.1744711
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Potential impact of contaminated bronchoscopes on novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patients
AU  - Ofstead, Cori L.
AU  - Hopkins, Krystina M.
AU  - Binnicker, Matthew J.
AU  - Poland, Gregory A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Infection control and hospital epidemiology
PB  - 
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PG  - 1-10
SP  - 1
EP  - 10
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/ice.2020.102
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Forecasting the Cumulative Number of COVID-19 Deaths in China: a Boltzmann Function-based Modeling Study
AU  - Gao, Yuanyuan
AU  - Zhang, Zuqin
AU  - Yao, Wei
AU  - Ying, Qi
AU  - Long, Cheng
AU  - Fu, Xinmiao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 outbreak is on-going in China. Here Boltzmann function-based analyses reveal the potential total numbers of COVID-19 deaths in China, Hubei Province, outside Hubei, Wuhan City and outside Wuhan, being 3260 (95% CI 3187, 3394), 110 (109, 112), 3174 (3095, 3270), 2550 (2494, 2621) and 617 (607, 632), respectively.
JO  - Infection control and hospital epidemiology
PB  - 
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PG  - 1-16
SP  - 1
EP  - 16
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/ice.2020.101
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Perinatal-Neonatal Management of COVID-19 Infection - Guidelines of the Federation of Obstetric and Gynecological Societies of India (FOGSI), National Neonatology Forum of India (NNF), and Indian Academy of Pediatrics (IAP)
AU  - Chawla, Deepak
AU  - Chirla, Dinesh
AU  - Dalwai, Samir
AU  - Deorari, Ashok K.
AU  - Ganatra, Atul
AU  - Gandhi, Alpesh
AU  - Kabra, Nandkishor S.
AU  - Kumar, Praveen
AU  - Mittal, Pratima
AU  - Parekh, Bakul Jayant
AU  - Sankar, M. Jeeva
AU  - Singhal, Tanu
AU  - Sivanandan, Sindhu
AU  - Tank, Parikshit
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - JUSTIFICATION: During the current rapidly evolving pandemic of COVID-19 infection, pregnant women with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 and their newborn infants form a special vulnerable group that needs immediate attention. Unlike other elective medical and surgical problems for which care can be deferred during the pandemic, pregnancies and childbirths will continue. Perinatal period poses unique challenges and care of the mother-baby dyads requires special resources for prevention of transmission, diagnosis of infection and providing clinical care during labor, resuscitation and postnatal period. PROCESS: The GRADE approach recommended by the World Health Organization was used to develop the guideline. A Guideline Development Group (GDG) comprising of obstetricians, neonatologists and pediatricians was constituted. The GDG drafted a list of questions which are likely to be faced by clinicians involved in obstetric and neonatal care. An e-survey was carried out amongst a wider group of clinicians to invite more questions and prioritize. Literature search was carried out in PubMed and websites of relevant international and national professional organizations. Existing guidelines, systematic reviews, clinical trials, narrative reviews and other descriptive reports were reviewed. For the practice questions, the evidence was extracted into evidence profiles. The context, resources required, values and preferences were considered for developing the recommendations. OBJECTIVES: To provide recommendations for prevention of transmission, diagnosis of infection and providing clinical care during labor, resuscitation and postnatal period. RECOMMENDATIONS: A set of twenty recommendations are provided under the following broad headings: 1) pregnant women with travel history, clinical suspicion or confirmed COVID-19 infection; 2) neonatal care; 3) prevention and infection control; 4) diagnosis; 5) general questions.
JO  - Indian pediatrics
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Hemoglobin value may be decreased in patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019
AU  - Lippi, Giuseppe
AU  - Mattiuzzi, Camilla
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Hematology, Transfusion and Cell Therapy
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DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.htct.2020.03.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2531137920300298
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - An algorithm for managing QT prolongation in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients treated with either chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine in conjunction with azithromycin: Possible benefits of intravenous lidocaine
AU  - Mitra, Raman L.
AU  - Greenstein, Steven A.
AU  - Epstein, Laurence M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - HeartRhythm Case Reports
PB  - 
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DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrcr.2020.03.016
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214027120300579
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Guidance for Cardiac Electrophysiology During the Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic from the Heart Rhythm Society COVID-19 Task Force; Electrophysiology Section of the American College of Cardiology; and the Electrocardiography and Arrhythmias Committee of
AU  - Lakkireddy, Dhanunjaya R.
AU  - Chung, Mina K.
AU  - Gopinathannair, Rakesh
AU  - Patton, Kristen K.
AU  - Gluckman, Ty J.
AU  - Turagam, Mohit
AU  - Cheung, Jim
AU  - Patel, Parin
AU  - Sotomonte, Jaun
AU  - Lampert, Rachel
AU  - Han, Janet K.
AU  - Rajagopalan, Bharath
AU  - Eckhardt, Lee
AU  - Joglar, Jose
AU  - Sandau, Kristin
AU  - Olshansky, Brian
AU  - Wan, Elaine
AU  - Noseworthy, Peter A.
AU  - Leal, Miguel
AU  - Kaufman, Elizabeth
AU  - Gutierrez, Alejandra
AU  - Marine, Joseph M.
AU  - Wang, Paul J.
AU  - Russo, Andrea M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Covid-19 is a global pandemic that is wreaking havoc with the health and economy of much of human civilization. Electrophysiologists have been impacted personally and professionally by this global catastrophe. In this joint document from representatives of the HRS, ACC and AHA we identify the potential risks of exposure to patients, allied health care staff, industry representatives and hospital administrators. We describe the impact of COVID-19 on cardiac arrhythmias and methods of triage based on acuity and patient comorbidities. We provide guidance for managing invasive and non-invasive electrophysiology procedures, clinic visits and cardiac device interrogations. We discuss resource conservation and the role of tele-medicine in remote patient care along with management strategies for affected patients.
JO  - Circulation
PB  - 
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AN  - 
DO  - 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.047063
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Critical health literacy and the COVID-19 crisis
AU  - Abel, Thomas
AU  - McQueen, David
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Health promotion international
PB  - 
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AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/heapro/daaa040
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical findings in a patient with hemophilia A affected by COVID-19
AU  - Cui, Dongyan
AU  - Zhang, Ai
AU  - Liu, Aiguo
AU  - Hu, Qun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - At the end of 2019, a cluster of pneumonia patients were confirmed to be infected with a novel coronavirus, known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. This infectious disease was designated as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). It rapidly spreads throughout the world. More than 80,000 cases have been reported in China and epidemics have grown in other countries.
JO  - Haemophilia : the official journal of the World Federation of Hemophilia
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DO  - 10.1111/hae.14000
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - The COVID-19 pandemic through the lens of a gastroenterology fellow: looking for the silver lining
AU  - Shah, Raj
AU  - Satyavada, Sagarika
AU  - Ismail, Mayada
AU  - Kurin, Michael
AU  - Smith, Zachary L.
AU  - Cooper, Gregory
AU  - Chak, Amitabh
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gie.2020.03.3852
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016510720341304
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - USE OF A MODIFIED VENTILATION MASK TO AVOID AEROSOLIZING SPREAD OF DROPLETS FOR SHORT ENDOSCOPIC PROCEDURES DURING CORONAVIRUS COVID-19 OUTBREAK
AU  - Marchese, Michele
AU  - Capannolo, Annalisa
AU  - Lombardi, Loreto
AU  - Di Carlo, Michela
AU  - Marinangeli, Franco
AU  - Fusco, Pierfrancesco
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gie.2020.03.3853
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016510720341316
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine to treat COVID-19: between hope and caution
AU  - Mégarbane, Bruno
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/15563650.2020.1748194
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The SARS-CoV-2 epidemic: how the Italian public is being informed
AU  - Antonelli, G.
AU  - Capobianchi, M. R.
AU  - Riva, E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical Microbiology and Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2020.03.037
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1198743X2030183X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The COVID-19 pandemic: we are all in this together
AU  - Momplaisir, Florence
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa369
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa369/5814957
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - First Mildly Ill, Non-Hospitalized Case of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Without Viral Transmission in the United States — Maricopa County, Arizona, 2020
AU  - Scott, Sarah E.
AU  - Zabel, Karen
AU  - Collins, Jennifer
AU  - Hobbs, Katherine C.
AU  - Kretschmer, Melissa J.
AU  - Lach, Mitchell
AU  - Turnbow, Katie
AU  - Speck, Lindsay
AU  - White, Jessica R.
AU  - Maldonado, Keila
AU  - Howard, Brandon
AU  - Fowler, Jeanene
AU  - Singh, Sonia
AU  - Robinson, Susan
AU  - Pompa, Alexandra Peterson
AU  - Chatham-Stephens, Kevin
AU  - Xie, Amy
AU  - Cates, Jordan
AU  - Lindstrom, Stephen
AU  - Lu, Xiaoyan
AU  - Rolfes, Melissa A.
AU  - Flanagan, Marcy
AU  - Sunenshine, Rebecca
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) causes a range of illness severity. Mild illness has been reported, but whether illness severity correlates with infectivity is unknown. We describe the public health investigation of a mildly ill, non-hospitalized COVID-19 case who traveled to China. Methods The case was a Maricopa County resident with multiple severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-positive specimens collected on January 22, 2020. Contacts were persons exposed to the case on or after the day before case diagnostic specimen collection. Contacts were monitored for 14 days after last known exposure. High-risk contacts had close, prolonged case contact (≥10 minutes within 2 meters). Medium-risk contacts wore all U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)-recommended personal protective equipment during interactions. Nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal (NP/OP) specimens were collected from the case and high-risk contacts and tested for SARS-CoV-2. Results Paired case NP/OP specimens were collected for SARS-CoV-2 testing at 11 time points. In 8 pairs (73%), ≥1 specimen tested positive or indeterminate, and in 3 pairs (27%) both tested negative. Specimens collected 18 days after diagnosis tested positive. Sixteen contacts were identified; 11 (69%) had high-risk exposure, including 1 intimate contact, and 5 (31%) had medium-risk exposure. In total, 35 high-risk contact NP/OP specimens were collected for SARS-CoV-2 testing; all 35 pairs (100%) tested negative.
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa374
UR  - http://fdslive.oup.com/www.oup.com/pdf/production_in_progress.pdf https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa374/5815221
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Gargle lavage as a safe and sensitive alternative to swab samples to diagnose COVID-19: a case report in Japan
AU  - Saito, Makoto
AU  - Adachi, Eisuke
AU  - Yamayoshi, Seiya
AU  - Koga, Michiko
AU  - Iwatsuki-Horimoto, Kiyoko
AU  - Kawaoka, Yoshihiro
AU  - Yotsuyanagi, Hiroshi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa377
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa377/5815296
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 is not detectable in the vaginal fluid of women with severe COVID-19 infection
AU  - Qiu, Lin
AU  - Liu, Xia
AU  - Xiao, Meng
AU  - Xie, Jing
AU  - Cao, Wei
AU  - Liu, Zhengyin
AU  - Morse, Abraham
AU  - Xie, Yuhua
AU  - Li, Taisheng
AU  - Zhu, Lan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) is mainly spread through respiratory droplets or direct contact. But the infection condition of genital system is still unknown. This study aimed to evaluate whether or not SARS-CoV-2 is found in the vaginal fluid of women with COVID-19 illness. Methods 10 women with confirmed severe COVID-19 pneumonia admitted to in Tongji Zhongfa Hospital Intensive care union(ICU) ward from Feb 4, 2020 to Feb 24, 2020 were included. Clinical records, laboratory results, and computer tomography(CT)-scan examination were retrospectively reviewed. The evidence of genital infection potential was accessed by testing for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in vaginal fluids obtained from vaginal swab samples. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) was used to confirm the SARS-CoV-2 infection in vaginal fluids. Results The clinical characteristics of these ten women were similar to those reported severe COVID-19 patients. All ten patients were tested for SARS-CoV-2 in vaginal fluid, and all samples tested negative for the virus. Conclusion Findings from this small group of cases suggest that no SARS-CoV-2 virus existing in the vaginal fluids of severe COVID-19 patients.
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa375
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa375/5815295
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical Features and Short-term Outcomes of 102 Patients with Corona Virus Disease 2019 in Wuhan, China
AU  - Cao, Jianlei
AU  - Tu, Wen-Jun
AU  - Cheng, Wenlin
AU  - Yu, Lei
AU  - Liu, Ya-Kun
AU  - Hu, Xiaoyong
AU  - Liu, Qiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective In December, 2019, a series of pneumonia cases of unknown cause emerged in Wuhan, Hubei, China. In this study, we investigate clinical and laboratory features and short-term outcomes of patients with Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19). Methods All patients with COVID-19 admitted to Wuhan University Zhongnan Hospital in Wuhan, China, between January 3 and February 1, 2020 were included. All those patients were with laboratory-confirmed infection. Epidemiological, clinical, radiological characteristics, underlying diseases, laboratory tests treatment, complications and outcomes data were collected. Outcomes were followed up at discharge until Feb 15, 2020. Results The study cohort included 102 adult patients. The median (IQR) age was 54 years (37-67years) and 48.0% were female. A total of 34 patients (33.3%) were exposed to source of transmission in the hospital setting (as health care workers, patients, or visitors) and 10 patients (9.8%) had a familial cluster. Eighteen patients (17.6%) were admitted to the ICU, and 17 patients died (mortality, 16.7%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 9.4%-23.9%). Among patients who survived, they were younger, more likely were health care workers and less likely suffered from comorbidities. They were also less likely suffered from complications. There was no difference in drug treatment rates between the survival and non-survival groups. Patients who survived less likely required admission to the intensive care unit (14.1% vs. 35.3%). Chest imaging examination showed that death patients more likely had ground-glass opacity (41.2% vs. 12.9%). Conclusions The mortality rate was high among the COVID-19 patients described in our cohort who met our criteria for inclusion in this analysis. Patient characteristics seen more frequently in those who died were development of systemic complications following onset of the illness and the severity of disease requiring admission to the ICU. Our data support those described by others that COVID-19 infection results from human-to-human transmission, including familial clustering of cases, and nosocomial transmission. There were no differences in mortality among those who did or did not receive antimicrobial or glucocorticoid drug treatment.
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa243
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa243/5814897
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Analysis of CT features of 15 Children with 2019 novel coronavirus infection TT - 中华儿科杂志
AU  - Feng, Kai
AU  - Yun, Yongxing
AU  - Wang, Xianfeng
AU  - Yang, Gendong
AU  - Zheng, Yuejie
AU  - Lin, Chunming
AU  - Wang, Lifei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective@#To explore imaging characteristics of children with 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection. @*Methods@#A retrospective analysis was performed on clinical data and chest CT images of 15 children diagnosed with 2019-nCoV. They were admitted to the third people&amp;rsquo;s Hospital of Shenzhen from January 16 to February 6, 2020. The distribution and morphology of pulmonary lesions on chest CT images were analyzed.@*Results@#Among the 15 children, there were 5 males and 10 females, aged from 4 to 14 years old. Five of the 15 children were febrile and 10 were asymptomatic on first visit. The first nasal or pharyngeal swab samples in all the 15 cases were positive for 2019-nCoV nucleic acid. For their first chest CT images, 6 patients had no lesions, while 9 patients had pulmonary inflammation lesions. Seven cases of small nodular ground glass opacities and 2 cases of speckled ground glass opacities were found. After 3 to 5 days of treatment, 2019-nCoV nucleic acid in a second respiratory sample turned negative in 6 cases. Among them, chest CT images showed less lesions in 2 cases, no lesion in 3 cases, and no improvement in 1 case. Other 9 cases were still positive in a second nucleic acid test. Six patients showed similar chest CT inflammation, while 3 patients had new lesions, which were all small nodular ground glass opacities.@*Conclusions@#The early chest CT images of children with 2019-nCoV infection are mostly small nodular ground glass opacities. The clinical symptoms of children with 2019-nCoV infection are nonspecific. Dynamic reexamination of chest CT and nucleic acid are important.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Pediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 12
PG  - 7-7
SP  - 7
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1310.2020.0007 http://rs.yiigle.com/yufabiao/1181979.htm
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preliminary Findings of Control of Dispersion of Aerosols and Droplets during High Velocity Nasal Insufflation Therapy Using a Simple Surgical Mask: Implications for High Flow Nasal Cannula
AU  - Leonard, Scott
AU  - Atwood, Charles W.
AU  - Walsh, Brian K.
AU  - DeBellis, Ronald J.
AU  - Dungan, George C.
AU  - Strasser, Wayne
AU  - Whittle, Jessica S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Chest
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2020.03.043
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012369220305791
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chloroquin gegen Corona?
AU  - Treffpunkt, Forschung
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Chemie in unserer Zeit
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 2
PG  - 81-81
SP  - 81
EP  - 81
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/ciuz.202070203
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/ciuz.202070203 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ciuz.202070203
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Von Kamelen und Krebsforschung
AU  - Dänzer, Tatjana
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Die moderne Medizin hat innerhalb der letzten Jahrzehnte große Fortschritte gemacht und viele Wirkstoffe an unerwarteten Orten entdeckt. Eine Forschungsrichtung beschäftigt sich nun mit der Nutzung von Kamelen, die in ihrem natürlichen Habitat schon lange als Lieferant von verschiedensten Heilmitteln gelten.
JO  - Chemie in unserer Zeit
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 2
PG  - 80-81
SP  - 80
EP  - 81
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/ciuz.202080079
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/ciuz.202080079
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Inhalt: Chemie in unserer Zeit 2/2020
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Chemie in unserer Zeit
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 2
PG  - 74-75
SP  - 74
EP  - 75
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/ciuz.202070202
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/ciuz.202070202 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ciuz.202070202
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: a new challenge for human beings
AU  - Yang, Penghui
AU  - Wang, Xiliang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Cellular & molecular immunology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41423-020-0407-x
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cancer Labs Pivot to Battle COVID-19
AU  - American Association for Cancer, Research
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As cancer researchers shutter their labs to comply with COVID-19-related work restrictions, some are turning their attention, resources, and technical know-how to the challenge of tackling the deadly coronavirus.
JO  - Cancer discovery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1158/2159-8290.CD-ND2020-006
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32234716
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical Research Slows as COVID-19 Surges
AU  - American Association for Cancer, Research
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As the COVID-19 pandemic worsens, the clinical cancer community is grappling with how to continue providing access to experimental but potentially lifesaving therapies while keeping immunocompromised patients safe. To that end, cancer centers are making changes to their clinical trial programs, while pharmaceutical companies are deciding how-or whether-trials should continue.
JO  - Cancer Discovery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1158/2159-8290.CD-NB2020-021
UR  - http://cancerdiscovery.aacrjournals.org/lookup/doi/10.1158/2159-8290.CD-NB2020-021
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Keratoconjunctivitis as the initial medical presentation of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A case report
AU  - Cheema, Marvi
AU  - Aghazadeh, Helya
AU  - Nazarali, Samir
AU  - Ting, Andrew
AU  - Hodges, Jennifer
AU  - McFarlane, Alexandra
AU  - Kanji, Jamil N.
AU  - Zelyas, Nathan
AU  - Damji, Karim F.
AU  - Solarte, Carlos
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We present a case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with an initial medical presentation of keratoconjunctivitis, the first such reported case in North America. This patient presented initially to ophthalmology with keratoconjunctivitis and mild respiratory symptoms, without fever, and developed worsening symptoms over the course of the next several days. This case emphasizes the importance of ensuring that first-line health care providers, including ophthalmologists, optometrists, emergency physicians, and family physicians, consider COVID-19 on the differential for any patient with recent travel who presents with acute conjunctivitis. Having a high index of suspicion with this presentation would allow for appropriate precautions to be taken to prevent further spread of COVID-19.
JO  - Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcjo.2020.03.003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0008418220303057
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Experience and suggestion of medical practices for burns during the outbreak of COVID-19
AU  - Ma, Siyuan
AU  - Yuan, Zhiqiang
AU  - Peng, Yizhi
AU  - Chen, Jing
AU  - Li, Haisheng
AU  - Luo, Qizhi
AU  - Song, Huapei
AU  - Xiang, Fei
AU  - Tan, Jianglin
AU  - Zhou, Junyi
AU  - Ning, Li
AU  - Hu, Gaozhong
AU  - Luo, Gaoxing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 is spreading almost all over the world at present, which is infected by 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). It was epidemic firstly in Hubei province of China. The Chinese government has formally set COVID-19 in the statutory notification and control system for infectious diseases according to the Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Diseases. China currently is still struggling to defend COVID-19 though great achievements and progresses are being got. Burn Department is one of sections in clinics with the highest infectious risk of COVID-19. Based on our own experiences and the guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 (7th Version) with other regulations and literatures, we put forward this experience and suggestion of medical practices for burns during the outbreak of COVID-19. We hope these experiences and suggestions could benefit for our international colleagues during the pandemic of the COVID-19.
JO  - Burns
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burns.2020.03.014
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305417920302369
NS  - 
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Management strategies for the burn ward during COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Li, Ning
AU  - Liu, Tingmin
AU  - Chen, Hualing
AU  - Liao, Jianmei
AU  - Li, Haisheng
AU  - Luo, Qizhi
AU  - Song, Huapei
AU  - Xiang, Fei
AU  - Tan, Jianglin
AU  - Zhou, Junyi
AU  - Hu, Gaozhong
AU  - Yuan, Zhiqiang
AU  - Peng, Yizhi
AU  - Luo, Gaoxing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 pandemic is sweeping the globe. Any outpatient or new inpatient especial in burn department during the pandemic should be as a potential infectious source of COVID-19. It is very important to manage the patients and wards carefully and correctly to prevent epidemic of the virus in burn centers. This paper provides some strategies regarding management of burn ward during the epidemic of COVID-19 or other respiratory infectious diseases.
JO  - Burns
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burns.2020.03.013
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305417920302370
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 et personnes suivies pour un cancer du sein : recommandations françaises pour la pratique clinique de Nice-St Paul de Vence, en collaboration avec le Collège Nationale des Gynécologues et Obstétriciens Français (CNGOF), la Société d’Imagerie de l
AU  - Gligorov, Joseph
AU  - Bachelot, Thomas
AU  - Pierga, Jean-Yves
AU  - Antoine, Eric Charles
AU  - Balleyguier, Corinne
AU  - Barranger, Emmanuel
AU  - Belkacemi, Yazid
AU  - Bonnefoi, Hervé
AU  - Bidard, François-Clément
AU  - Ceugnart, Luc
AU  - Classe, Jean-Marc
AU  - Cottu, Paul
AU  - Coutant, Charles
AU  - Cutuli, Bruno
AU  - Dalenc, Florence
AU  - Darai, Emile
AU  - Dieras, Veronique
AU  - Dohollou, Nadine
AU  - Giacchetti, Sylvie
AU  - Goncalves, Anthony
AU  - Hardy-Bessard, Anne-Claire
AU  - Houvenaeghel, Gilles
AU  - Jacquin, Jean-Philippe
AU  - Jacot, William
AU  - Levy, Christelle
AU  - Mathelin, Carole
AU  - Nizan, Israel
AU  - Poncelet, Edouard
AU  - Rivera, Sofia
AU  - Rouzier, Roman
AU  - Scotté, Florian
AU  - Petit, Thierry
AU  - Zelek, Laurent
AU  - Spielmann, Marc
AU  - Penault-Llorca, Frédérique
AU  - Namer, Moise
AU  - Delaloge, Suzette
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Bulletin du Cancer
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bulcan.2020.03.008
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0007455120301594
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pediatricians are ready for COVID-19 and other emergencies
AU  - Knopf, Alison
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In January ? just as COVID-19 was on the verge of being a worldwide pandemic ? the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) and emergency medicine associations released a joint policy statement, ?Pediatric Readiness in Emergency Medical Services Systems,? designed to bolster the emergency medical system so that children are well cared for.
JO  - The Brown University Child and Adolescent Behavior Letter
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 36
IS  - 5
PG  - 9-10
SP  - 9
EP  - 10
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/cbl.30465
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/cbl.30465
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Telemental health comes into its own with social distancing
AU  - Knopf, Alison
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Telepsychiatry, telemental health, telepsychology, teletherapy ? whatever you call it, it is now required in the era of the coronavirus/COVID-19 pandemic. ?We should be doing it immediately; the more, the better,? said Robert Caudill, M.D., a member of the American Psychiatric Association's Committee on Telepsychiatry. ?It's exploded in the past week, obviously,? he told CABL in a Zoom interview on March 23. But he thinks it should be the norm.
JO  - The Brown University Child and Adolescent Behavior Letter
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 36
IS  - 5
PG  - 7-7
SP  - 7
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/cbl.30463
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/cbl.30463
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Antibodies to coronaviruses are higher in older compared with younger adults and binding antibodies are more sensitive than neutralizing antibodies in identifying coronavirus-associated illnesses
AU  - Gorse, G. J.
AU  - Donovan, M. M.
AU  - Patel, G. B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Human coronaviruses (HCoV) are common causes of respiratory illnesses (RI) despite preexisting humoral immunity. Sera were obtained near the onset of RI and 3 to 4 weeks later as part of a prospective study of 200 subjects evaluated for RI from 2009 to 2013. Antibodies against common HCoV strains were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and neutralization assay comparing older adults with cardiopulmonary diseases (99 subjects) to younger, healthy adults (101 subjects). Virus shedding was detected in respiratory secretions by polymerase chain reaction. Of 43 HCoV-associated illnesses, 15 (35%) occurred in 14 older adults (aged ≥60 years) and 28 (65%) in 28 younger adults (aged 21-40 years). Binding and neutralizing antibodies were higher in older adults. Only 16 (35.7%) of RI with increases in binding antibodies also had increases in neutralizing antibodies to HCoV. Increases in binding antibodies with RI were more frequent than increased neutralizing antibodies and virus shedding, and more frequent in younger compared to older adults. Functional neutralizing antibodies were not stimulated as often as binding antibodies, explaining in part a susceptibility to reinfection with HCoV. Monitoring binding antibodies may be more sensitive for the serologic detection of HCoV infections.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 92
IS  - 5
PG  - 512-517
SP  - 512
EP  - 517
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25715
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2004372215 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25715
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Seven days in medicine: 4-10 March 2020
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - ### UK doctors die after contracting virus The UK reported its first cases of doctors who died after contracting covid-19 last week. Amged El-Hawrani, a 55 year old ENT consultant at University Hospitals of Derby and Burton, died on 29 March at Leicester Royal Infirmary. Adil El Tayar, 63, an organ transplant specialist, died on 25 March at West Middlesex University Hospital in London. Both were confirmed as having covid-19. In addition, Habib Zaidi, a GP in Essex, died in intensive care at Southend Hospital on 25 March while being treated for suspected coronavirus. ### Experts challenge suggestion that half of UK population has been infected Experts criticised an unpublished modelling study that said that half of the UK population might already have been infected with covid-19. They emphasised that, even if the modelling turned out to be correct, it would not change the current public health advice to reduce the spread of the virus. Researchers from the Nuffield Department of Medicine at the University of Oxford used mathematical modelling to estimate infection rates by fitting a “susceptible—infected—recovered” model of epidemics to the numbers of deaths and reported cases in the early stages of the epidemic in Italy and the UK. (Full story doi:10.1136/bmj.m1216) ### Researchers launch app to track spread of symptoms in UK Nearly 700 000 people signed up in the first 24 hours of the launch of an app to help track the spread of coronavirus throughout the UK in real time and collect information on the range of self-reported symptoms and the characteristics of people most …
JO  - BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m955-m955
SP  - m955
EP  - m955
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m955
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1288
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Fighting covid-19 outbreaks in prisons
AU  - Yang, Hong
AU  - Thompson, Julian R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Poor prison healthcare has been reported by Armstrong.1 Improving prison health services is critical for fighting epidemics such as covid-19. On 20 February 2020, over 500 new covid-19 cases in five prisons ended 16 days of continuous decline in new cases in China (excluding Hubei province).2 Over half were in Hubei, including 230 at Wuhan Women’s Prison and 41 at …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1362-m1362
SP  - m1362
EP  - m1362
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1362
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1362
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Are UK doctors getting sufficient protective equipment against covid-19?
AU  - Sayburn, Anna
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The BMA has warned that doctors are at risk of serious illness or even death because of a lack of proper personal protective equipment (PPE). To determine the vulnerability of healthcare workers on the front line, we look at what the latest guidelines recommend and the evidence behind the use of different grades of equipment, from surgical face masks to full PPE. Are doctors and other healthcare workers being equipped with the protection the evidence indicates they need? Guidelines from Public Health England1 recommend that healthcare workers caring for patients with suspected or confirmed covid-19 should “assess the infectious risk . . . and wear the appropriate personal protective equipment to minimise that risk.” Evidence indicates that aerosol transmission (where the virus is suspended in air) is not driving the pandemic, although certain procedures, such as intubation, risk creating aerosols. Instead, the virus is most commonly transmitted in droplet form, when someone sneezes and coughs possibly infecting someone nearby or when droplets fall on hard surfaces and can survive for hours. Public Health England recommends different protection for different risk levels: Guidance from the World Health Organization (WHO) is similar,2 but it says that healthcare workers providing “direct care” to patients with covid-19 should wear a gown, where Public Health England specifies an apron, and should …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1297-m1297
SP  - m1297
EP  - m1297
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1297
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1297
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: doctors’ visas are automatically extended for one year
AU  - Rimmer, Abi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The visas of doctors, nurses, and paramedics that will expire before 1 October will automatically be extended for one year, free of charge, the government has announced. The extension will also apply to family members and will be exempt from the immigration health surcharge. …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1381-m1381
SP  - m1381
EP  - m1381
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1381
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1381
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How can I keep calm during self-isolation?
AU  - Rimmer, Abi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - On top of the stress of work, there are now additional pressures to deal with at home, especially if you are self-isolating. Abi Rimmer asks experts how best to manage these Adam Dobson, head of early years foundation stage at Thames View Infants School, Barking, says, “As an early years teacher, and a parent of a five year old, I’ve experienced the difficulty in trying to recreate the classroom at home. “All children thrive on routine—it’s the same every day in school. Share a daily schedule with your children and avoid sudden changes or surprises. Short bursts of more formal learning, such as spelling or writing, followed by planned play time will help children to get through the day. Consistent behaviour expectations, boundaries, and rules also help provide structure just as they would at school. “A key thing to remember is that the unique atmosphere of school cannot be recreated at home. Young children, especially those in early years, spend a significant amount of time at school learning through play rather than working independently. At home, activities such as playing “shops,” cooking, or gardening cover different aspects of learning, but also provide valuable practical experiences and inspiration for other learning. Most importantly, you, as the teacher, provide the language children need to share and express …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1376-m1376
SP  - m1376
EP  - m1376
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1376
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1376
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Money injection for public services
AU  - Murray, Richard
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Where should we direct these precious extra resources? On 11 March, Rishi Sunak, the chancellor of the exchequer, presented his first budget and promised an extra £5bn (€5.7bn; $6.2bn) for public services to help them deal with covid-19.1 What is the £5bn for? £1.6bn is going to local authorities to support social care, social care staff, and the vulnerable. £1.3bn is going to support quicker discharge from NHS hospitals,2 with the aim of freeing up 15 000 beds and capacity for the expected surge in emergency admissions. The rest was not earmarked, but it is easy to see what many of the big ticket items are, at least for the NHS and social care. An unprecedented deal to buy up capacity in the private healthcare sector will come at a price (even though it is being …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1296-m1296
SP  - m1296
EP  - m1296
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1296
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1296
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: Patients who are improving could have treatment withdrawn if others could benefit more
AU  - Mahase, Elisabeth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Doctors could be forced to withdraw lifesaving treatment from stable or improving patients to prioritise those deemed likely to have a better prognosis if the demand on the heath service during the covid-19 pandemic outstrips the capacity. This is according to new ethics guidance from the BMA.1 It states that although the decision to deny treatment to a patient who would have received it outside a pandemic will be difficult for doctors, it may become necessary, and it is “both lawful and ethical,” as long as they follow the appropriate prioritisation policies. “As we have seen in China, Italy and Spain, deaths frequently follow hospitalisation and critical care interventions . . . It is possible therefore that restrictions in the availability …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1382-m1382
SP  - m1382
EP  - m1382
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1382
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1382
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Protect our healthcare workers
AU  - Godlee, Fiona
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - For healthcare staff at the front line of the covid-19 pandemic, work has suddenly become a frightening place. Impossible decisions threaten long term psychological damage from moral injury, say Neil Greenberg and colleagues (doi:10.1136/bmj.m1211). And there is real and justified fear about personal safety, fuelled by a scandalous and widespread lack of personal protective equipment (PPE). Doctors have been reduced to sourcing improvised eye protection, making public appeals for respirator masks, and fundraising for supplies (doi:10.1136/bmj.m1286). Their families (my own included) are parcelling up masks and scrubs and sending them by post, reminiscent of the …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1324-m1324
SP  - m1324
EP  - m1324
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1324
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1324
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: Rules on sharing confidential patient information are relaxed in England
AU  - Dyer, Clare
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The Department of Health and Social Care for England has relaxed the rules on sharing patients’ confidential data and is requiring healthcare bodies to provide patient information to each other to help fight covid-19. The health and social care secretary, Matt Hancock, issued a notice under the Health Service Control of Patient Information Regulations to general practices, organisations that provide health services, local authorities, and arm’s length bodies of the health department, such as its digital transformation arm, NHSX.1 Separate notices have also gone out to NHS Digital and …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1378-m1378
SP  - m1378
EP  - m1378
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1378
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1378
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Infectious diseases in children and adolescents in China: analysis of national surveillance data from 2008 to 2017
AU  - Dong, Yanhui
AU  - Wang, Liping
AU  - Burgner, David P.
AU  - Miller, Jessica E.
AU  - Song, Yi
AU  - Ren, Xiang
AU  - Li, Zhongjie
AU  - Xing, Yi
AU  - Ma, Jun
AU  - Sawyer, Susan M.
AU  - Patton, George C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objectives To outline which infectious diseases in the pre-covid-19 era persist in children and adolescents in China and to describe recent trends and variations by age, sex, season, and province. Design National surveillance studies, 2008-17. Setting 31 provinces in mainland China. Participants 4 959 790 Chinese students aged 6 to 22 years with a diagnosis of any of 44 notifiable infectious diseases. The diseases were categorised into seven groups: quarantinable; vaccine preventable; gastrointestinal and enteroviral; vectorborne; zoonotic; bacterial; and sexually transmitted and bloodborne. Main outcome measures Diagnosis of, and deaths from, 44 notifiable infectious diseases. Results From 2008 to 2017, 44 notifiable infectious diseases were diagnosed in 4 959 790 participants (3 045 905 males, 1 913 885 females) and there were 2532 deaths (1663 males, 869 females). The leading causes of death among infectious diseases shifted from rabies and tuberculosis to HIV/AIDS, particularly in males. Mortality from infectious diseases decreased steadily from 0.21 per 100 000 population in 2008 to 0.07 per 100 000 in 2017. Quarantinable conditions with high mortality have effectively disappeared. The incidence of notifiable infectious diseases in children and adolescents decreased from 280 per 100 000 in 2008 to 162 per 100 000 in 2015, but rose again to 242 per 100 000 in 2017, largely related to mumps and seasonal influenza. Excluding mumps and influenza, the incidence of vaccine preventable diseases fell from 96 per 100 000 in 2008 to 7 per 100 000 in 2017. The incidence of gastrointestinal and enterovirus diseases remained constant, but typhoid, paratyphoid, and dysentery continued to decline. Vectorborne diseases all declined, with a particularly noticeable reduction in malaria. Zoonotic infections remained at low incidence, but there were still unpredictable outbreaks, such as pandemic A/H1N1 2009 influenza. Tuberculosis remained the most common bacterial infection, although cases of scarlet fever doubled between 2008 and 2017. Sexually transmitted diseases and bloodborne infections increased significantly, particularly from 2011 to 2017, among which HIV/AIDS increased fivefold, particularly in males. Difference was noticeable between regions, with children and adolescents in western China continuing to carry a disproportionate burden from infectious diseases. Conclusions China’s success in infectious disease control in the pre-covid-19 era was notable, with deaths due to infectious diseases in children and adolescents aged 6-22 years becoming rare. Many challenges remain around reducing regional inequalities, scaling-up of vaccination, prevention of further escalation of HIV/AIDS, renewed efforts for persisting diseases, and undertaking early and effective response to highly transmissible seasonal and unpredictable diseases such as that caused by the novel SARS-CoV-2 virus.
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1043-m1043
SP  - m1043
EP  - m1043
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1043
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1043
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: four fifths of cases are asymptomatic, China figures indicate
AU  - Day, Michael
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - New evidence has emerged from China indicating that the large majority of coronavirus infections do not result in symptoms. Chinese authorities began publishing daily figures on 1 April on the number of new coronavirus cases that are asymptomatic, with the first day’s figures suggesting that around four in five coronavirus infections caused no illness. Many experts believe that unnoticed, asymptomatic cases of coronavirus infection could be an important source of contagion. A total of 130 of 166 new infections (78%) identified in the 24 hours to the afternoon of Wednesday 1 April were asymptomatic, said China’s National Health Commission. And most of the 36 cases in which patients showed symptoms involved arrivals from overseas, down from 48 the previous day, the commission said. China …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1375-m1375
SP  - m1375
EP  - m1375
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1375
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1375
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Drugs and the renin-angiotensin system in covid-19
AU  - Aronson, Jeffrey K.
AU  - Ferner, Robin E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Clinical effects are unpredictable, so treatment decisions must be tailored and pragmatic Covid-19, which is caused by the single stranded RNA coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, poses therapeutic dilemmas. Some suggestions for drug treatment seem problematic.1 They include various antiviral drugs, some of which have primary targets that are DNA viruses not RNA; immunomodulatory drugs, which may suppress potentially protective acute inflammatory responses and do not specifically target the virus; the antimalarial drugs chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, which have some antiviral activity in vitro but no evidence of clinical benefit in human viral infections and also have many adverse effects; and corticosteroids, which may be harmful when used to treat infection with the related virus SARS-CoV-1.2 Important questions have also been raised about the use of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs). Do they have a role in treating covid-19? Should people currently taking them continue doing so, and should they stop if they become infected? No trial evidence is yet available on the effects of ACE inhibitors or ARBs in treating covid-19. But for people …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1313-m1313
SP  - m1313
EP  - m1313
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1313
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1313
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: Can France’s ethical support units help doctors make challenging decisions?
AU  - Arie, Sophie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - France has set up “ethical support units” to help doctors make difficult choices about which patients with covid-19 to treat in intensive care. Sophie Arie reports With more than 2600 deaths and 40 000 cases of covid-19 recorded in France, hospitals in the Ile de France region surrounding Paris have been preparing for a tipping point in the week beginning Monday 30 March, when their 2000 intensive care unit (ICU) beds are expected to be full. “We will have to make terrible choices about who will or will not be admitted to ICUs,” Bertrand Guidet, head of the ICU at Saint Antoine Hospital in Paris, told The BMJ . “We have never had to make such difficult decisions.” Doctors will have to make far more decisions than usual on whether to treat patients or withdraw treatment from those who are too ill to benefit. But in addition, because of shortages of beds or ventilators, doctors will increasingly have to choose one patient over another when both could benefit from treatment. Each of France’s 13 regions will now have an “ethical …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1291-m1291
SP  - m1291
EP  - m1291
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1291
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1291
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Safeguarding the Maintenance Hemodialysis Patient Population during the Coronavirus Disease 19 Pandemic
AU  - Meijers, Bjorn
AU  - Messa, Piergiorgio
AU  - Ronco, Claudio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The World Health Organization has recognized the pandemic nature of the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) outbreak. A large proportion of positive patients require hospitalization, while 5-6% of them may need more aggressive therapies in intensive care. Most governments have recommended social separation and severe measures of prevention of further spreading of the epidemic. Because hemodialysis (HD) patients need to access hospital and dialysis center facilities 3 times a week, this category of patients requires special attention. In this editorial, we tried to summarize the experience of our centers that hopefully may contribute to help other centers and colleagues that are facing the coming wave of the epidemic. Special algorithms for COVID-19 spreading in the dialysis population, recommendations for isolation and preventive measures in positive HD patients, and finally directions to manage logistics and personnel are reported. These recommendations should be considered neither universal nor absolute. Instead, they require local adjustments based on geographic location, cultural and social environments, and level of available resources.
JO  - Blood purification
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-6
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1159/000507537
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Assessment of the SARS-CoV-2 basic reproduction number, R0, based on the early phase of COVID-19 outbreak in Italy
AU  - D'Arienzo, Marco
AU  - Coniglio, Angela
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As of March 12th Italy has the largest number of SARS-CoV-2 cases in Europe as well as outside China. The infections, first limited in Northern Italy, have eventually spread to all other regions. When controlling an emerging outbreak of an infectious disease it is essential to know the key epidemiological parameters, such as the basic reproduction number R0, i.e. the average number of secondary infections caused by one infected individual during his/her entire infectious period at the start of an outbreak. Previous work has been limited to the assessment of R0 analyzing data from the Wuhan region or Mainland China. In the present study the R0 value for SARS-CoV-2 was assessed analyzing data derived from the early phase of the outbreak in Italy. In particular, the spread of SARS-CoV-2 was analyzed in 9 cities (those with the largest number of infections) fitting the well-established SIR-model to available data in the interval between February 25–March 12, 2020. The findings of this study suggest that R0 values associated with the Italian outbreak may range from 2.43 to 3.10, confirming previous evidence in the literature reporting similar R0 values for SARS-CoV-2.
JO  - Biosafety and Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bsheal.2020.03.004
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590053620300410
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Potential covalent drugs targeting the main protease of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus
AU  - Liu, Sen
AU  - Zheng, Qiang
AU  - Wang, Zhiying
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Motivation Since December 2019, the newly identified coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has caused a massive health crisis worldwide and resulted in over 70,000 COVID-19 infections so far. Clinical drugs targeting SARS-CoV-2 are urgently needed to decrease the high fatality rate of confirmed COVID-19 patients. Traditional de novo drug discovery needs more than 10 years, so drug repurposing seems the best option currently to find potential drugs for treating COVID-19. Results Compared with traditional non-covalent drugs, covalent drugs have attracted escalating attention recent years due to their advantages in potential specificity upon careful design, efficiency, and patient burden. We recently developed a computational protocol named as SCAR for discovering covalent drugs. In this work, we used the SCAR protocol to identify possible covalent drugs (approved or clinically tested) targeting the main protease (3CLpro) of SARS-CoV-2. We identified 11 potential hits, among which at least 6 hits were exclusively enriched by the SCAR protocol. Since the preclinical or clinical information of these identified drugs is already available, they might be ready for being clinically tested in the treatment of COVID-19.
JO  - Bioinformatics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa224
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/bioinformatics/advance-article/doi/10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa224/5814924
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Teaching in the time of COVID-19
AU  - Ortiz, Phillip A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Biochemistry and molecular biology education : a bimonthly publication of the International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/bmb.21348
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - RECOMENDACIONES DE CONSENSO SEPAR – AEER SOBRE LA UTILIDAD DE LA ECOGRAFIA TORÁCICA EN EL MANEJO DEL PACIENTE CON SOSPECHA O INFECCION CONFIRMADA CON COVID-19
AU  - Pallarés, Javier Pérez
AU  - Aldeyturriaga, Javier Flandes
AU  - Viedma, Enrique Cases
AU  - Pérez, Rosa Cordovilla
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - RESUMEN La gran afectación pulmonar producida por la infección del COVID-19 hace necesaria una herramienta diagnóstica rápida que complemente el test diagnóstico mediante PCR y que además sea útil en la evaluación de la progresión de las lesiones pulmonares. Ya que la mayoría de estas son periféricas en este documento de consenso proponemos el uso de la ecografía torácica para el diagnóstico precoz y la evaluación diaria de la progresión de lesiones pulmonares por un solo explorador sin necesidad de utilizar la TC de tórax. En este consenso se propone la realización de una exploración sistemática ecográfica del tórax dividiéndolo por cuadrantes e identificando los signos ecográficos que se relacionen con el tipo de afectación parenquimatosa o pleural que tiene el paciente: líneas A, líneas B, condensación parenquimatosa, línea pleural y derrame pleural. Estos hallazgos nos facilitarán la toma de decisiones respecto al manejo del paciente, tanto en la decisión del lugar de ingreso del paciente como en el tipo de tratamiento que debemos pautar. The great pulmonary affectation produced by the COVID-19 infection, requires a fast diagnostic tool that complements the diagnostic test by PCR and which is also useful in evaluating the progression of lung lesions. Since most of these are peripheral, in this consensus document we propose the use of thoracic ultrasound for early diagnosis and for the daily evaluation of the progression of lung lesions by a single explorer without the need to use the chest CT. In this consensus, it is proposed to carry out a systematic ultrasound examination of the thorax dividing it by quadrants and therefore identifying the ultrasound signs that are related to the type of parenchymal or pleural affectation that the patient has: A lines, B lines, parenchymal condensation, pleural line and pleural effusion. These findings will facilitate the decision making regarding the patient management, both when deciding the place of admission of the patient and the type of treatment to be prescribed
JO  - Archivos de Bronconeumología
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arbres.2020.03.019
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0300289620300995
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Extensión y cuantificación de la carga inflamatoria en COVID-19 mediante tomografía computarizada
AU  - Ferradas, Francisco Javier Mendoza
AU  - Barrio, Loreto García del
AU  - Bastarrika, Gorka
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Archivos de Bronconeumología
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arbres.2020.03.020
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0300289620301009
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prise en charge de l’épidémie de COVID-19 en santé au travail des soignants : situation à Taiwan et en Italie au 20 mars 2020
AU  - Durand-Moreau, Q.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Archives des Maladies Professionnelles et de l'Environnement
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.admp.2020.03.833
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1775878520309486
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus pandemic and tourism: Dynamic stochastic general equilibrium modeling of infectious disease outbreak
AU  - Yang, Yang
AU  - Zhang, Hongru
AU  - Chen, Xiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of Tourism Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 102913-102913
SP  - 102913
EP  - 102913
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2020.102913
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160738320300578
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Tocilizumab, an anti-IL6 receptor antibody, to treat Covid-19-related respiratory failure: a case report
AU  - Michot, Jean-Marie
AU  - Albiges, Laurence
AU  - Chaput, Nathalie
AU  - Saada, Veronique
AU  - Pommeret, Fanny
AU  - Griscelli, Franck
AU  - Balleyguier, Corinne
AU  - Besse, Benjamin
AU  - Marabelle, Aurélien
AU  - Netzer, Florence
AU  - Merad, Mansouria
AU  - Robert, Caroline
AU  - Barlesi, Fabrice
AU  - Gachot, Bertrand
AU  - Stoclin, Annabelle
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annonc.2020.03.300
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0923753420363870
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Testing in South Korea: Current Status and the Need for Faster Diagnostics
AU  - Kim, Young Jin
AU  - Sung, Heungsup
AU  - Ki, Chang Seok
AU  - Hur, Mina
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of laboratory medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
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AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Guidelines for Laboratory Diagnosis of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Korea
AU  - Hong, Ki Ho
AU  - Lee, Sang Won
AU  - Kim, Taek Soo
AU  - Huh, Hee Jae
AU  - Lee, Jaehyeon
AU  - Kim, So Yeon
AU  - Park, Jae Sun
AU  - Kim, Gab Jeong
AU  - Sung, Heungsup
AU  - Roh, Kyoung Ho
AU  - Kim, Jae Seok
AU  - Kim, Hyun Soo
AU  - Lee, Seung Tae
AU  - Seong, Moon Woo
AU  - Ryoo, Namhee
AU  - Lee, Hyukmin
AU  - Kwon, Kye Chul
AU  - Yoo, Cheon Kwon
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which began in December 2019, is still ongoing in Korea, with >9,000 confirmed cases as of March 25, 2020. COVID-19 is a severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, and real-time reverse transcription-PCR is currently the most reliable diagnostic method for COVID-19 around the world. Korean Society for Laboratory Medicine and the Korea Centers for Disease Prevention and Control propose guidelines for diagnosing COVID-19 in clinical laboratories in Korea. These guidelines are based on other related domestic and international guidelines, as well as expert opinions and include the selection of test subjects, selection of specimens, diagnostic methods, interpretation of test results, and biosafety.
JO  - Annals of laboratory medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
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AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Environment and Personal Protective Equipment Tests for SARS-CoV-2 in the Isolation Room of an Infant With Infection
AU  - Yung, Chee Fu
AU  - Kam, Kai-Qian
AU  - Wong, Michelle S. Y.
AU  - Maiwald, Matthias
AU  - Tan, Yian Kim
AU  - Tan, Boon Huan
AU  - Thoon, Koh Cheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of internal medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7326/M20-0942
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Setup of a Dedicated Coronavirus Intensive Care Unit: Logistical Aspects
AU  - Mojoli, Francesco
AU  - Mongodi, Silvia
AU  - Grugnetti, Giuseppina
AU  - Muzzi, Alba
AU  - Baldanti, Fausto
AU  - Bruno, Raffaele
AU  - Triarico, Antonio
AU  - Antonio Iotti, Giorgio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Anesthesiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1097/ALN.0000000000003325
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - First case of neonatal infection due to COVID 19 in Spain
AU  - Díaz, Clara Alonso
AU  - Maestro, María López
AU  - Pumarega, María Teresa Moral
AU  - Antón, Beatriz Flores
AU  - Alonso, Carmen Pallás
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Anales de Pediatría (English Edition)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anpede.2020.03.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2341287920300533
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Infección por coronavirus (COVID-19) en Anales de Pediatría
AU  - Rey Galán, Corsino
AU  - Manrique de Lara, Laia Alsina
AU  - Antón Gamero, Montserrat
AU  - Cano Garcinuño, Alfredo
AU  - Solís Sánchez, Gonzalo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Anales de Pediatría
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anpedi.2020.03.004
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1695403320301326
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Italian coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak: recommendations from clinical practice
AU  - Sorbello, M.
AU  - El-Boghdadly, K.
AU  - Di Giacinto, I.
AU  - Cataldo, R.
AU  - Esposito, C.
AU  - Falcetta, S.
AU  - Merli, G.
AU  - Cortese, G.
AU  - Corso, R. M.
AU  - Bressan, F.
AU  - Pintaudi, S.
AU  - Greif, R.
AU  - Donati, A.
AU  - Petrini, F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Novel coronavirus 2019 is a single-stranded, ribonucleic acid virus that has led to an international pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019. Clinical data from the Chinese outbreak have been reported, but experiences and recommendations from clinical practice during the Italian outbreak have not. We report the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak on regional and national healthcare infrastructure. We also report on recommendations based on clinical experiences of managing patients throughout Italy. In particular, we describe key elements of clinical management, including: safe oxygen therapy; airway management; personal protective equipment; and non-technical aspects of caring for patients diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019. Only through planning, training and team working will clinicians and healthcare systems be best placed to deal with the many complex implications of this new pandemic.
JO  - Anaesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/anae.15049
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2004502383 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/anae.15049
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Converting gas-driven ventilators from oxygen to air
AU  - Ford, P.
AU  - Foale, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - During our preparedness for the COVID-19 pandemic we identified that our GE Healthcare anaesthetic machines (GE Healthcare, Amersham Place, Little Chalfont, UK) had a ventilator which was gas-driven, using oxygen. This resulted in a large amount of wasted oxygen. Our anaesthetic department has 52 anaesthetic machines which form part of our plan to increase our ITU capacity.
JO  - Anaesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/anae.15064
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Case Report: Walking Pneumonia in Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): Mild Symptoms with Marked Abnormalities on Chest Imaging
AU  - Sivakorn, Chaisith
AU  - Luvira, Viravarn
AU  - Muangnoicharoen, Sant
AU  - Piroonamornpun, Pittaya
AU  - Ouppapong, Tharawit
AU  - Mungaomklang, Anek
AU  - Iamsirithaworn, Sopon
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This case report underlines the appearance of a "walking pneumonia" in a novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patient, with evidence of progressive lung involvement on chest imaging studies. The patient traveled from Wuhan, Hubei, China, to Thailand in January 2020. One of her family members was diagnosed with COVID-19. She presented to the hospital because of her concern, but she was without fever or any respiratory symptoms. Three days earlier, her nasopharyngeal and throat swabs revealed a negative severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) test by real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Her initial chest radiography was abnormal, and her first sputum SARS-CoV-2 test yielded inconclusive results. A subsequent sputum test was positive for SARS-CoV-2. Diagnosis in this patient was facilitated by chest imaging and repeat viral testing. Thus, chest imaging studies might enhance capabilities for early diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia.
JO  - The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4269/ajtmh.20-0203
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Importance of Diagnostic Testing during a Viral Pandemic: Early Lessons from Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)
AU  - Rosenthal, Philip J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The Importance of Diagnostic Testing during a Viral Pandemic: Early Lessons from Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19).
JO  - The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4269/ajtmh.20-0216
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Surgical telemedicine here to stay: More support from a randomized controlled trial on postoperative surgery visits
AU  - Forbes, Rachel C.
AU  - Solorzano, Carmen C.
AU  - Concepcion, Beatrice P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The American Journal of Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjsurg.2020.03.033
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0002961020301896
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 - is the ACE2 just a foe?
AU  - Jakovac, Hrvoje
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1152/ajplung.00119.2020
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Hearing loss and COVID-19: A note
AU  - Sriwijitalai, Won
AU  - Wiwanitkit, Viroj
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - American Journal of Otolaryngology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 102473-102473
SP  - 102473
EP  - 102473
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjoto.2020.102473
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0196070920301551
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Several potential risks of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pneumonia outbreaks in hospitals
AU  - Wen, Xianjie
AU  - Ling, Chen
AU  - Li, Yiqun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - American Journal of Infection Control
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0196655320302029
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Low-cost production of handrubs and face shields in developing countries fighting the COVID19 pandemic
AU  - Khurana, Surbhi
AU  - Singh, Parul
AU  - Sinha, Tej Prakash
AU  - Bhoi, Sanjeev
AU  - Mathur, Purva
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - American Journal of Infection Control
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2020.03.016
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0196655320301978
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic: Staying home save lives
AU  - Sen-Crowe, Brendon
AU  - McKenney, Mark
AU  - Elkbuli, Adel
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2020.03.063
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735675720302217
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in a Designated Infectious Diseases Hospital Outside Hubei Province, China
AU  - Cai, Qingxian
AU  - Huang, Deliang
AU  - Ou, Pengcheng
AU  - Yu, Hong
AU  - Zhu, Zhibin
AU  - Xia, Zhang
AU  - Su, Yinan
AU  - Ma, Zhenghua
AU  - Zhang, Yiming
AU  - Li, Zhiwei
AU  - He, Qing
AU  - Liu, Lei
AU  - Fu, Yang
AU  - Chen, Jun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: The clinical characteristics of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-2019) patients outside the epicenter of Hubei province are less understood. METHODS: We analyzed the epidemiological and clinical features of all COVID-2019 cases in the only referral hospital in Shenzhen city, China from January 11, 2020 to February 6, 2020 and followed until March 6, 2020. RESULTS: Among the 298 confirmed cases, 233 (81.5%) had been to Hubei while 42 (14%) did not have a clear travel history. Only 192(64.4%) cases had a fever as the initial symptom. Compared to the non-severe cases, severe cases were associated with older age, those with underlying diseases, as well as higher levels of C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Slower clearance of the virus was associated with a higher risk of progression to critical condition. As of March 6, 2020, 268 (89.9%) patients were discharged and the overall case fatality ratio was 1.0%. CONCLUSIONS: In a designated hospital outside Hubei Province, COVID-2019 patients could be effectively managed by properly using the existing hospital system. Mortality may be lowered when cases are relatively mild and there are sufficient medical resources to care and treat the disease.
JO  - Allergy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/all.14309
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chest CT Findings and Clinical Conditions of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)
AU  - Joob, Beuy
AU  - Wiwanitkit, Viroj
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - AJR. American journal of roentgenology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - W1-W1
SP  - W1
EP  - W1
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2214/AJR.20.23064
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Severity Scoring Tool for low resourced settings
AU  - Wallis, Lee A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - African Journal of Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.afjem.2020.03.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211419X20300227
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Journal Article: Managing the march of COVID-19: lessons from the HIV and AIDS epidemic
AU  - Whiteside, Alan
AU  - Parker, Warren
AU  - Schramm, Mike
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - African journal of AIDS research : AJAR
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2989/16085906.2020.1749792
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Breast radiotherapy under COVID-19 pandemic resource constraints -- approaches to defer or shorten treatment from a Comprehensive Cancer Center in the United States
AU  - Braunstein, Lior Z.
AU  - Gillespie, Erin F.
AU  - Hong, Linda
AU  - Xu, Amy
AU  - Bakhoum, Samuel F.
AU  - Cuaron, John
AU  - Mueller, Boris
AU  - McCormick, Beryl
AU  - Cahlon, Oren
AU  - Powell, Simon
AU  - Khan, Atif J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Introduction Breast radiotherapy accounts for a significant proportion of patient volume in contemporary radiation oncology practice. In the setting of anticipated resource constraints and widespread community infection with SARS-CoV-2 during the COVID-19 pandemic, measures for balancing both infectious and oncologic risk among patients and providers must be carefully considered. Here, we present evidence-based guidelines for omitting or abbreviating breast cancer radiotherapy, where appropriate, in an effort to mitigate risk to patients and optimize resource utilization. Methods Multidisciplinary breast cancer experts at a high-volume comprehensive cancer center convened contingency planning meetings over the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic to review the relevant literature and establish recommendations for the application of hypofractionated and abbreviated breast radiation regimens. Results Substantial evidence exists to support omitting radiation among certain favorable risk subgroups of breast cancer patients and for abbreviating or accelerating regimens among others. For those who require either whole-breast or post-mastectomy radiation, with or without coverage of the regional lymph nodes, a growing body of literature supports various hypofractionated approaches that appear safe and effective. Conclusion In the setting of a public health emergency with the potential to strain critical healthcare resources and place patients at infection risk, the parsimonious application of breast radiotherapy may alleviate a significant clinical burden without compromising long term oncologic outcomes. The judicious and personalized use of immature study data may be warranted in the setting of a competing mortality risk from this widespread pandemic.
JO  - Advances in Radiation Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adro.2020.03.013
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452109420300658
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Adapting Radiotherapy Treatments for Breast Cancer Patients during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Hypo-Fractionation and Accelerated Partial Breast Irradiation to Address World Health Organization Recommendations
AU  - Al-Rashdan, A.
AU  - Roumeliotis, M.
AU  - Quirk, S.
AU  - Grendarova, P.
AU  - Phan, T.
AU  - Cao, J.
AU  - Logie, N.
AU  - Smith, W.
AU  - Barbera, L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Advances in Radiation Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adro.2020.03.011
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452109420300622
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Journal Article to the Editor
AU  - Toljan, Karlo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - I have read with interest the article entitled Evidence of the COVID-19 Virus Targeting the CNS: Tissue Distribution, Host-Virus Interaction, and Proposed Neurotropic Mechanisms by Baig et al. 1. This Journal Article is supposed to supplement the aforementioned article with expanded scope on pathophysiological mechanisms which could prove salient in elucidating pathogenesis, seeking treatment, or considering clinical implications.
JO  - ACS chemical neuroscience
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00174
UR  - 
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Plano de contingência e ação estadual do Rio Grande do Sul para infecção humana pelo novo Coronavírus (2019-nCoV)
AU  - Rio Grande do Sul . Secretaria da, Saúde
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Diante da Emergência em Saúde Pública declarada pela Organização Mundial da saúde na data de 30 de janeiro do ano corrente, por doença respiratória causada pelo agente novo coronavírus (2019-nCoV), conforme casos detectados na China e considerando-se as recomendações da Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS), a Secretaria Estadual da Saúde do Rio Grande do Sul definiu a ativação do Centro de Operações de Emergências (COE) 2019- nCoV. Este documento apresenta o Plano de Contingência Estadual, o qual está em consonância com o Plano de Contingência Nacional para Infecção Humana pelo novo Coronavírus (2019-nCoV) em caso de surto define o nível de resposta e a estrutura de comando correspondente a ser configurada, em cada esfera e nível de complexidade. A estruturação da resposta em três níveis é geralmente usada em planos de preparação e resposta em todo o mundo. Deste modo, seguimos a recomendação do Ministério da Saúde. Toda medida deve ser proporcional e restrita aos riscos.
JO  - 
PB  - 
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AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://portalarquivos2.saude.gov.br/images/pdf/2020/fevereiro/13/PLANO-DE-CONTINGENCIA-novo-coronav--rus-RIO-GRANDE-DO-SUL-EM-REVIS--O.pdf http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/4v4s5
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - GEN
TI  - Plano de contingência estadual para infeccção humana pelo novo Coronavírus 2019-nCoV
AU  - Rio Grande do Norte . Secretaria da, Saúde
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - O Coronavírus é um vírus que causa a síndrome respiratória aguda grave afetando principalmente o trato respiratório superior em seres humanos, em animais pode causar lesões nos sistemas nervosos respiratório, hepático, gastrointestinal e neurológico. Geralmente, infecções por coronavírus causam doenças respiratórias leves a moderadas, semelhantes a um resfriado comum. Alguns coronavírus podem causar doenças graves com impacto importante em termos de saúde pública, como a Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave (SARS), identificada em 2002 e a Síndrome Respiratória do Oriente Médio (MERS), identificada em 2012. A infecção humana pelo novo coronavírus (2019- nCoV) o espectro clínico não está descrito completamente, bem como os conhecimentos sobre o padrão de letalidade, mortalidade, infectividade, e transmissibilidade são limitados. Ressaltamos que diferentemente do vírus influenza, para o novo Coronavírus ainda não há medidas efetivas de prevenção, ou seja, além das recomendações para minimizar a transmissibilidade não há vacina ou medicamento específico disponível no momento.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://portalarquivos2.saude.gov.br/images/pdf/2020/fevereiro/13/PLANO-DE-CONTINGENCIA-novo-coronavirus-RIO-GRANDE-DO-NORTE-EM-REVIS--O.pdf http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/bxmcs
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - GEN
TI  - Plano de resposta de emergência ao Coronavírus no estado do Rio de Janeiro
AU  - Rio de Janeiro . Secretaria de, Saúde
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - O presente documento tem o objetivo de sistematizar as ações e procedimentos de responsabilidade da esfera estadual de governo, de modo a apoiar em caráter complementar os gestores municipais no que diz respeito à resposta ao surto de Coronavírus, de maneira antecipada e também na organização de fluxos para o enfrentamento de situações que saem da normalidade. Os Coronavírus (CoV) compõem uma grande família de vírus, conhecidos desde meados da década de 1960. Podem causar desde um resfriado comum até síndromes respiratórias graves, como a síndrome respiratória aguda grave (SARS - Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) e a síndrome respiratória do Oriente Médio (MERS - Middle East Respiratory Syndrome). Os casos agora identificados estão relacionados a uma nova variante do Coronavírus, denominada 2019-nCoV (recentemente renomeada COVID19), até então não identificada em humanos. Em 31 de dezembro de 2019, o escritório da OMS na China foi informado sobre casos de pneumonia de etiologia desconhecida (causa desconhecida) detectada na cidade de Wuhan, província de Hubei, na China. As autoridades chinesas identificaram um novo tipo de Coronavírus, que foi isolado em 07 de janeiro de 2020. Em 11 e 12 de janeiro de 2020, a OMS recebeu mais informações detalhadas, da Comissão Nacional de Saúde da China, de que o surto estava associado a exposições em um mercado de frutos do mar, na cidade de Wuhan. O Coronavírus é capaz de provocar epidemias recorrentes e pode evoluir causando pandemias quando um novo vírus se dissemina em uma população que não apresenta imunidade para o novo subtipo viral. A magnitude e o impacto da doença irão depender primariamente da virulência e do grau de transmissibilidade do vírus, além das medidas de intervenção preventivas.
JO  - 
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DO  - 
UR  - https://portalarquivos2.saude.gov.br/images/pdf/2020/fevereiro/13/PLANO-DE-CONTINGENCIA-novo-coronavirus-RIO-DE-JANEIRO-EM-REVIS--O.pdf http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/nag2y
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - GEN
TI  - Plano estadual de contingência para o enfrentamento da infecção humana pelo Coronavírus (2019-nCoV) do Estado do Piauí
AU  - Piauí . Secretaria de, Estado
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - O coronavírus (nCoV) faz parte de uma família viral, que causam infecções respiratórias em humanos e animais, ocasionando doenças respiratórias leves a moderada, semelhantes a um resfriado comum. Ficou conhecido por volta dos anos 1960. Podem causar doenças semelhantes a uma gripe como do vírus da influenza A (H1N1) é transmitido de pessoa a pessoa, principalmente por meio da tosse ou espirro e secreções respiratórias de pessoas infectadas. Diante da emergência por doença respiratória, causada por agente 2019-nCoV, conforme casos detectados na cidade de Wuhan, na China e em outros locais, considerando-se as recomendações da Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS), as equipes de vigilância dos estados e municípios, bem como quaisquer serviços de saúde, devem ficar alerta aos casos de pessoas com sintomatologia respiratória e que apresentam histórico de viagens para áreas de transmissão local nos últimos 14 dias. Em 22 de janeiro de 2020, foi ativado o Centro de Operações de Emergências (COE) em Saúde Pública para o 2019-nCoV. A ativação desta estratégia está prevista no Plano Nacional de Resposta às Emergências em Saúde Pública do Ministério da Saúde (MS).
JO  - 
PB  - 
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AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://portalarquivos2.saude.gov.br/images/pdf/2020/fevereiro/13/PLANO-DE-CONTINGENCIA-novo-coronavirus-PIAUI-EM-REVIS--O.pdf http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/5wqxx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Plano de Contingência para Infecção Humana pelo novo Coronavírus (2019-nCoV)
AU  - Pernambuco . Secretaria de, Saúde
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://portalarquivos2.saude.gov.br/images/pdf/2020/fevereiro/13/PLANO-DE-CONTINGENCIA-novo-coronavirus-PERNAMBUCO-EM-REVIS--O.pdf http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/pf48d
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pancreatic injury patterns in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia
AU  - Wang, Fan
AU  - Wang, Haizhou
AU  - Fan, Junli
AU  - Zhang, Yongxi
AU  - Wang, Hongling
AU  - Zhao, Qiu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Gastroenterology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2020.03.055
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016508520304091
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Fighting the battle against SARS-CoV-2 as gastroenterologists in Italy
AU  - Pagnini, Cristiano
AU  - Urgesi, Riccardo
AU  - Di Paolo, Maria Carla
AU  - Graziani, Maria Giovanna
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Gastroenterology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2020.03.067
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016508520304509
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Uneventful course in IBD patients during SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in northern Italy
AU  - Norsa, Lorenzo
AU  - Indriolo, Amedeo
AU  - Sansotta, Naire
AU  - Cosimo, Paola
AU  - Greco, Salvatore
AU  - D'Antiga, Lorenzo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Gastroenterology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2020.03.062
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016508520304455
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Faecal-oral transmission of SARS-COV-2: practical implications
AU  - Bonato, Giulia
AU  - Dioscoridi, Lorenzo
AU  - Mutignani, Massimiliano
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Gastroenterology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2020.03.066
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016508520304492
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - An urgent need to institute COVID-19 testing in patients with IBD experiencing flares
AU  - Quraishi, M. N.
AU  - Cooney, R.
AU  - Brookes, M. J.
AU  - Sharma, N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Frontline Gastroenterology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/flgastro-2020-101477
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L631347245 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/flgastro-2020-101477
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Vertical Transmission of Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) from Infected Pregnant Mothers to Neonates: A Review
AU  - Karimi-Zarchi, Mojgan
AU  - Neamatzadeh, Hossein
AU  - Dastgheib, Seyed Alireza
AU  - Abbasi, Hajar
AU  - Mirjalili, Seyed Reza
AU  - Behforouz, Athena
AU  - Ferdosian, Farzad
AU  - Bahrami, Reza
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background: Since early December 2019, the Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) infection has been prevalent in China and eventually spread to other countries. There are a few published cases of COVID-19 occurring during pregnancy and due the possibility of mother-fetal vertical transmission, there is a concern that the fetuses may be at risk of congenital COVID-19. Methods: We reviewed the risk of vertical transmission of COVID-19 to the fetus of infected mothers by using data of published articles or official websites up to March 4, 2020. Results: A total of 31 infected pregnant mothers with COVID-19 were reported. No COVID-19 infection was detected in their neonates or placentas. Two mothers died from COVID-19-related respiratory complications after delivery. Conclusions: Currently, based on limited data, there is no evidence for intrauterine transmission of COVID-19 from infected pregnant women to their fetuses. Mothers may be at increased risk for more severe respiratory complications.
JO  - Fetal and pediatric pathology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-5
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/15513815.2020.1747120
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Indications for healthcare surge capacity in European countries facing an exponential increase in coronavirus disease (COVID-19) cases, March 2020
AU  - Verelst, Frederik
AU  - Kuylen, Elise
AU  - Beutels, Philippe
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Eurosurveillance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 25
IS  - 13
PG  - 2000323
SP  - 2000323
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.13.2000323
UR  - https://eurosurveillance.org/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.13.2000323
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Whole genome and phylogenetic analysis of two SARS-CoV-2 strains isolated in Italy in January and February 2020: additional clues on multiple introductions and further circulation in Europe
AU  - Stefanelli, Paola
AU  - Faggioni, Giovanni
AU  - Lo Presti, Alessandra
AU  - Fiore, Stefano
AU  - Marchi, Antonella
AU  - Benedetti, Eleonora
AU  - Fabiani, Concetta
AU  - Anselmo, Anna
AU  - Ciammaruconi, Andrea
AU  - Fortunato, Antonella
AU  - De Santis, Riccardo
AU  - Fillo, Silvia
AU  - Capobianchi, Maria Rosaria
AU  - Gismondo, Maria Rita
AU  - Ciervo, Alessandra
AU  - Rezza, Giovanni
AU  - Castrucci, Maria Rita
AU  - Lista, Florigio
AU  - group, on behalf of ISS COVID-19 study
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Eurosurveillance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 25
IS  - 13
PG  - 2000305
SP  - 2000305
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.13.2000305
UR  - https://eurosurveillance.org/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.13.2000305
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Only strict quarantine measures can curb the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak in Italy, 2020
AU  - Sjödin, Henrik
AU  - Wilder-Smith, Annelies
AU  - Osman, Sarah
AU  - Farooq, Zia
AU  - Rocklöv, Joacim
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Eurosurveillance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 25
IS  - 13
PG  - 2000280
SP  - 2000280
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.13.2000280
UR  - https://eurosurveillance.org/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.13.2000280
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Understanding coronavirus disease (COVID-19) risk perceptions among the public to enhance risk communication efforts: a practical approach for outbreaks, Finland, February 2020
AU  - Lohiniva, Anna-Leena
AU  - Sane, Jussi
AU  - Sibenberg, Katja
AU  - Puumalainen, Taneli
AU  - Salminen, Mika
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Eurosurveillance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 25
IS  - 13
PG  - 2000317
SP  - 2000317
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.13.2000317
UR  - https://eurosurveillance.org/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.13.2000317
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The impact of unplanned school closure on children’s social contact: rapid evidence review
AU  - Brooks, Samantha K
AU  - Smith, Louise E
AU  - Webster, Rebecca K
AU  - Weston, Dale
AU  - Woodland, Lisa
AU  - Hall, Ian
AU  - Rubin, G James
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Eurosurveillance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 25
IS  - 13
PG  - 2000188
SP  - 2000188
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.13.2000188
UR  - https://eurosurveillance.org/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.13.2000188
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Identification of Kidney Transplant Recipients with Coronavirus Disease 2019
AU  - Zhang, Hui
AU  - Chen, Yan
AU  - Yuan, Quan
AU  - Xia, Qiu-Xiang
AU  - Zeng, Xian-Peng
AU  - Peng, Jing-Tao
AU  - Liu, Jing
AU  - Xiao, Xing-Yuan
AU  - Jiang, Guo-Song
AU  - Xiao, Han-Yu
AU  - Xie, Liang-Bo
AU  - Chen, Jing
AU  - Liu, Jia-Li
AU  - Xiao, Xiong
AU  - Su, Hua
AU  - Zhang, Chun
AU  - Zhang, Xiao-Ping
AU  - Yang, Hua
AU  - Li, Heng
AU  - Wang, Zhen-Di
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a novel and lethal infectious disease, posing a threat to global health security. The number of cases has increased rapidly, but no data concerning kidney transplant (KTx) recipients infected with COVID-19 are available. To present the epidemiological, clinical, and therapeutic characteristics of KTx recipients infected with COVID-19, we report on a case series of five patients who were confirmed as having COVID-19 through nucleic acid testing (NAT) from January 1, 2020 to February 28, 2020. The most common symptoms on admission to hospital were fever (five patients, 100%), cough (five patients, 100%), myalgia or fatigue (three patients, 60%), and sputum production (three patients, 60%); serum creatinine or urea nitrogen levels were slightly higher than those before symptom onset. Four patients received a reduced dose of maintenance immunosuppressive therapy during hospitalization. As of March 4, 2020 NAT was negative for COVID-19 in three patients twice in succession, and their computed tomography scans showed improved images. Although greater patient numbers and long-term follow-up data are needed, our series demonstrates that mild COVID-19 infection in KTx recipients can be managed using symptomatic support therapy combined with adjusted maintenance immunosuppressive therapy.
JO  - European Urology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2020.03.030
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0302283820302050
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in pregnancy: what we need to know
AU  - Saccone, Gabriele
AU  - Carbone, Floriana
AU  - Zullo, Fulvio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2020.04.006
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301211520301743
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A medicinal chemistry perspective of drug repositioning: Recent advances and challenges in drug discovery
AU  - Pillaiyar, Thanigaimalai
AU  - Meenakshisundaram, Sangeetha
AU  - Manickam, Manoj
AU  - Sankaranarayanan, Murugesan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Drug repurposing is a strategy consisting of finding new indications for already known marketed drugs used in various clinical settings or highly characterized compounds despite they can be failed drugs. Recently, it emerges as an alternative approach for the rapid identification and development of new pharmaceuticals for various rare and complex diseases for which lack the effective drug treatments. The success rate of drugs repurposing approach accounts for approximately 30% of new FDA approved drugs and vaccines in recent years. This review focuses on the status of drugs repurposing approach for various diseases including skin diseases, infective, inflammatory, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. Efforts have been made to provide structural features and mode of actions of drugs.
JO  - European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 112275-112275
SP  - 112275
EP  - 112275
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112275
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0223523420302440
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Speculation is not evidence: antihypertensive therapy and COVID-19
AU  - de Simone, Giovanni
AU  - Mancusi, Costantino
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/ehjcvp/pvaa021
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/ehjcvp/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ehjcvp/pvaa021/5814345
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The practical need to challenge the status quo: New directions in bioethics
AU  - Cooley, Dennis
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Those of us working in bioethics field take it for granted that the rest of the world reads our work and uses it as part of their scholarship and reasoning processes. Having widespread national and international influence is true for some of the biggest name bioethicists, but interactions at new international conferences or browsing through publications often brings revealing – and potentially humbling – news about how little effect our research tends to have on what is going on elsewhere. We are unrecognized outside of our small, tightly bound professional groups, and our ideas fail to be incorporated freely throughout outsiders’ scholarly work. Putting our professional hurt feelings aside, we should have far greater concerns of possibly unneeded effort and hampered progress in the field based on unintentional ignorance of how other geographic regions are doing their bioethics. It makes no practical sense for efforts to be duplicated, especially if someone else has done it better, or at least, earlier. More wasteful is exploring already well-examined ground, and then previously found not worth any further resources. At the very least, needless research is a lost opportunity to make bioethics better. Resumen Ceux d’entre nous qui travaillent dans le domaine de la bioéthique tiennent pour acquis que le reste du monde lit notre travail et l’utilise dans le cadre de leurs processus d’étude et de raisonnement. Il est vrai que certains des plus grands bioéthiciens jouissent d'une grande influence nationale et internationale, mais les interactions lors de nouvelles conférences internationales ou la consultation de publications apportent souvent des nouvelles révélatrices - et potentiellement humiliantes - sur le peu d'effet que notre recherche a tendance à avoir sur ce qui se passe ailleurs. En mettant de côté nos sentiments de blessure professionnelle, nous devrions nous inquiéter bien davantage d'un éventuel effort inutile et d'une entrave aux progrès dans le domaine, fondée sur une ignorance involontaire de la façon dont d'autres régions géographiques font leur bioéthique. Il n'est pas logique, d'un point de vue pratique, que les efforts soient dupliqués, surtout si quelqu'un d'autre l'a fait mieux, ou du moins plus tôt. Le gaspillage est encore plus grand lorsque l'on explore un terrain déjà bien étudié, puis que l'on constate que les ressources supplémentaires ne valent pas la peine d'être utilisées. À tout le moins, les recherches inutiles sont une occasion perdue d'améliorer la bioéthique.
JO  - Ethics, Medicine and Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 100500-100500
SP  - 100500
EP  - 100500
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jemep.2020.100500
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352552520300384
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Diagnostic Value and Key Features of Computed Tomography in Coronavirus Disease 2019
AU  - Li, Bingjie
AU  - Li, Xin
AU  - Wang, Yaxuan
AU  - Han, Yikai
AU  - Wang, Yidi
AU  - Wang, Chen
AU  - Zhang, Guorui
AU  - Jin, Jianjun
AU  - Jia, Hongxia
AU  - Fan, Feifei
AU  - Ma, Wang
AU  - Liu, Hong
AU  - Zhou, Yue
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - On 31 December 2019, a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in Wuhan, Hubei province, China, and caused the outbreak of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). To date, computed tomography (CT) findings have been recommended as major evidence for the clinical diagnosis of COVID-19 in Hubei, China. This review focuses on the imaging characteristics and changes throughout the disease course in patients with COVID-19 in order to provide some help for clinicians. Typical CT findings included bilateral ground-glass opacity, pulmonary consolidation, and prominent distribution in the posterior and peripheral parts of the lungs. This review also provides a comparison between COVID-19 and other diseases that have similar CT findings. Since most patients with COVID-19 infection share typical imaging features, radiological examinations have an irreplaceable role in screening, diagnosis and monitoring treatment effects in clinical practice.
JO  - Emerging Microbes & Infections
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-14
SP  - 1
EP  - 14
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/22221751.2020.1750307
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2020.1750307
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Plague: Human resilience and the collective response to catastrophe
AU  - Peters, Michael A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Educational Philosophy and Theory
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/00131857.2020.1745921
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/00131857.2020.1745921
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Facemask shortage and the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak: Reflections on public health measures
AU  - Wu, Huai-liang
AU  - Huang, Jian
AU  - Zhang, Casper J. P.
AU  - He, Zonglin
AU  - Ming, Wai-Kit
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Background A novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak due to the severe respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection occurred in China in late December 2019. Facemask wearing with proper hand hygiene is considered an effective measure to prevent SARS-CoV-2 transmission, but facemask wearing has become a social concern due to the global facemask shortage. China is the major facemask producer in the world, contributing to 50% of global production. However, a universal facemask wearing policy would put an enormous burden on the facemask supply. Methods We performed a policy review concerning facemasks using government websites and mathematical modelling shortage analyses based on data obtained from the National Health Commission (NHC), the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT), the Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and General Administration of Customs (GAC) of the People's Republic of China. Three scenarios with respect to wearing facemasks were considered: (1) a universal facemask wearing policy implementation in all regions of mainland China; (2) a universal facemask wearing policy implementation only in the epicentre (Hubei province, China); and (3) no implementation of a universal facemask wearing policy. Findings Regardless of different universal facemask wearing policy scenarios, facemask shortage would occur but eventually end during our prediction period (from 20 Jan 2020 to 30 Jun 2020). The duration of the facemask shortage described in the scenarios of a country-wide universal facemask wearing policy, a universal facemask wearing policy in the epicentre, and no universal facemask wearing policy were 132, seven, and four days, respectively. During the prediction period, the largest daily facemask shortages were predicted to be 589·5, 49·3, and 37·5 million in each of the three scenarios, respectively. In any scenario, an N95 mask shortage was predicted to occur on 24 January 2020 with a daily facemask shortage of 2·2 million. Interpretation Implementing a universal facemask wearing policy in the whole of China could lead to severe facemask shortage. Without effective public communication, a universal facemask wearing policy could result in societal panic and subsequently, increase the nationwide and worldwide demand for facemasks. These increased demands could cause a facemask shortage for healthcare workers and reduce the effectiveness of outbreak control in the affected regions, eventually leading to a pandemic. To fight novel infectious disease outbreaks, such as COVID-19, governments should monitor domestic facemask supplies and give priority to healthcare workers. The risk of asymptomatic transmission and facemask shortages should be carefully evaluated before introducing a universal facemask wearing policy in high-risk regions. Public health measures aimed at improving hand hygiene and effective public communication should be considered along with the facemask policy.
JO  - EClinicalMedicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 100329-100329
SP  - 100329
EP  - 100329
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100329
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589537020300730
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Our Italian Experience Using Lung Ultrasound for Identification, Grading and Serial Follow-up of Severity of Lung Involvement for Management of Patients with COVID-19
AU  - Vetrugno, Luigi
AU  - Bove, Tiziana
AU  - Orso, Daniele
AU  - Barbariol, Federico
AU  - Bassi, Flavio
AU  - Boero, Enrico
AU  - Ferrari, Giovanni
AU  - Kong, Robert
AU  - Lichtenstein, Daniel A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Lung ultrasound (LU) has rapidly become a tool for assessment of patients stricken by the novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19). Over the past two and a half months (January, February and first half of March 2020) we have used this modality for identification of lung involvement along with pulmonary severity in patients with suspected or documented COVID-19 infection. Use of LU has helped us in clinical decision making and reduced the use of both chest x-rays and computed tomography (CT).
JO  - Echocardiography (Mount Kisco, N.Y.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/echo.14664
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Radiologic Chest CT Findings From COVID-19 in Orleans Parish, Lousiana
AU  - Danrad, Raman
AU  - Smith, David L.
AU  - Kerut, Edmund K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Orleans Parish in Louisiana is in the midst of an exponentially increasing number of patient admissions with COVID-19 and respiratory symptoms. Patients have been described having CT findings most consistent with an Early stage (< 7 days from symptoms onset) or an Advanced stage (8-14 days from symptoms onset). We describe and illustrate those Early and Advanced stage CT findings from patients with documented COVID-19 who have been admitted to University Medical Center in New Orleans, Louisiana.
JO  - Echocardiography (Mount Kisco, N.Y.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/echo.14662
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Microneedle array delivered recombinant coronavirus vaccines: Immunogenicity and rapid translational development
AU  - Kim, Eun
AU  - Erdos, Geza
AU  - Huang, Shaohua
AU  - Kenniston, Thomas W.
AU  - Balmert, Stephen C.
AU  - Carey, Cara Donahue
AU  - Raj, V. Stalin
AU  - Epperly, Michael W.
AU  - Klimstra, William B.
AU  - Haagmans, Bart L.
AU  - Korkmaz, Emrullah
AU  - Falo, Louis D.
AU  - Gambotto, Andrea
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background Coronaviruses pose a serious threat to global health as evidenced by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), and COVID-19. SARS Coronavirus (SARS-CoV), MERS Coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and the novel coronavirus, previously dubbed 2019-nCoV, and now officially named SARS-CoV-2, are the causative agents of the SARS, MERS, and COVID-19 disease outbreaks, respectively. Safe vaccines that rapidly induce potent and long-lasting virus-specific immune responses against these infectious agents are urgently needed. The coronavirus spike (S) protein, a characteristic structural component of the viral envelope, is considered a key target for vaccines for the prevention of coronavirus infection. Methods We first generated codon optimized MERS-S1 subunit vaccines fused with a foldon trimerization domain to mimic the native viral structure. In variant constructs, we engineered immune stimulants (RS09 or flagellin, as TLR4 or TLR5 agonists, respectively) into this trimeric design. We comprehensively tested the pre-clinical immunogenicity of MERS-CoV vaccines in mice when delivered subcutaneously by traditional needle injection, or intracutaneously by dissolving microneedle arrays (MNAs) by evaluating virus specific IgG antibodies in the serum of vaccinated mice by ELISA and using virus neutralization assays. Driven by the urgent need for COVID-19 vaccines, we utilized this strategy to rapidly develop MNA SARS-CoV-2 subunit vaccines and tested their pre-clinical immunogenicity in vivo by exploiting our substantial experience with MNA MERS-CoV vaccines. Findings Here we describe the development of MNA delivered MERS-CoV vaccines and their pre-clinical immunogenicity. Specifically, MNA delivered MERS-S1 subunit vaccines elicited strong and long-lasting antigen-specific antibody responses. Building on our ongoing efforts to develop MERS-CoV vaccines, promising immunogenicity of MNA-delivered MERS-CoV vaccines, and our experience with MNA fabrication and delivery, including clinical trials, we rapidly designed and produced clinically-translatable MNA SARS-CoV-2 subunit vaccines within 4 weeks of the identification of the SARS-CoV-2 S1 sequence. Most importantly, these MNA delivered SARS-CoV-2 S1 subunit vaccines elicited potent antigen-specific antibody responses that were evident beginning 2 weeks after immunization. Interpretation MNA delivery of coronaviruses-S1 subunit vaccines is a promising immunization strategy against coronavirus infection. Progressive scientific and technological efforts enable quicker responses to emerging pandemics. Our ongoing efforts to develop MNA-MERS-S1 subunit vaccines enabled us to rapidly design and produce MNA SARS-CoV-2 subunit vaccines capable of inducing potent virus-specific antibody responses. Collectively, our results support the clinical development of MNA delivered recombinant protein subunit vaccines against SARS, MERS, COVID-19, and other emerging infectious diseases.
JO  - EBioMedicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 102743-102743
SP  - 102743
EP  - 102743
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102743
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352396420301183
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - EMA advice on the use of NSAIDs for Covid-19
AU  - European Medicines, Agency
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Every month, DTB scans sources of information on treatments, disease management and other healthcare topics for key items to bring to our readers’ attention and help them keep up to date. To do this, we produce succinct, contextualised summaries of the information concerned.
JO  - Drug and Therapeutics Bulletin
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - dtb-2020-000021
SP  - dtb
EP  - 2020
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/dtb.2020.000021
UR  - http://dtb.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/dtb.2020.000021
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prediction of the number of deaths in India due to SARS-CoV-2 at 5–6 weeks
AU  - Ghosal, Samit
AU  - Sengupta, Sumit
AU  - Majumder, Milan
AU  - Sinha, Binayak
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Introduction and Aims: No valid treatment or preventative strategy has evolved till date to counter the SARS CoV 2 (Novel Coronavirus) epidemic that originated in China in late 2019 and have since wrought havoc on millions across the world with illness, socioeconomic recession and death. This analysis was aimed at tracing a trend related to death counts expected at the 5th and 6th week of the COVID-19 in India. Material and methods Validated database was used to procure global and Indian data related to coronavirus and related outcomes. Multiple regression and linear regression analyses were used interchangeably. Since the week 6 death count data was not correlated significantly with any of the chosen inputs, an auto-regression technique was employed to improve the predictive ability of the regression model. Results A linear regression analysis predicted average week 5 death count to be 211 with a 95% CI: 1.31–2.60). Similarly, week 6 death count, in spite of a strong correlation with input variables, did not pass the test of statistical significance. Using auto-regression technique and using week 5 death count as input the linear regression model predicted week 6 death count in India to be 467, while keeping at the back of our mind the risk of over-estimation by most of the risk-based models. Conclusion According to our analysis, if situation continue in present state; projected death rate (n) is 211 and467 at the end of the 5th and 6th week from now, respectively.
JO  - Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.03.017
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1871402120300576
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Legal Issues of Resource Allocation in the COVID-19 Pandemic - Between Utilitarianism and Life Value Indifference]
AU  - Hübner, Joachim
AU  - Schewe, Denis M.
AU  - Katalinic, Alexander
AU  - Frielitz, Fabian- S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 pandemic poses unprecedented challenges for the German health care system. What is already the case in some other countries, may occur in Germany in the near future also: Faced with limited ICU resources, doctors will be forced to decide which patients to treat and which to let die. This paper examines the legal implications of such decisions. It takes up arguments from the general discussion on prioritization in medicine. A constitutional hurdle for the application of utilitarian criteria (in particular patients' age or social role) comes from the principle that every human life is of equal value and must not be traded off against others ("life value indifference"). However, the limits that the Grundgesetz (German Basic Law) sets for state actions do not apply directly to doctors. According to the Musterberufsordnung (professional code of conduct), doctors act based on their conscience and the requirements of medical ethics and humanity. The implications of this normative standard for the prioritizing in an exceptional situation as the COVID 19 pandemic have not been sufficiently clarified. This uncertainty leads to emotional and moral burdens for doctors. The authors conclude that the German law grants a limited freedom of choice that allows physicians to apply utilitarian criteria in addition to purely medical decision algorithms.
JO  - Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1055/a-1146-1160
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - If no one can supply...: Production of disinfectants in the pharmacy
AU  - Ziegler, A. S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Deutsche Apotheker Zeitung
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 160
IS  - 10
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005281546
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 challenge: Feverish search for vaccines and antiviral treatments
AU  - Blasius, H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Deutsche Apotheker Zeitung
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 160
IS  - 10
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005281540
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Priorities for Global Health Community in COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Rudnicka, Lidia
AU  - Gupta, Mrinal
AU  - Kassir, Martin
AU  - Jafferany, Mohammad
AU  - Lotti, Torello
AU  - Sadoughifar, Roxanna
AU  - Goldust, Mohamad
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Dermatologic therapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - e13361-e13361
SP  - e13361
EP  - e13361
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/dth.13361
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): facts and controversies
AU  - Conforti, Claudio
AU  - Cannavò, Serafinella Patrizia
AU  - Jafferany, Mohammad
AU  - Dianzani, Caterina
AU  - Meo, Nicola Di
AU  - Lotti, Torello
AU  - Zalaudek, Iris
AU  - Giuffrida, Roberta
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Dermatologic therapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - e13366-e13366
SP  - e13366
EP  - e13366
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/dth.13366
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Solidarity and Transparency against the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Arora, Gulhima
AU  - Kroumpouzos, George
AU  - Kassir, Martin
AU  - Jafferany, Mohammad
AU  - Lotti, Torello
AU  - Sadoughifar, Roxanna
AU  - Sitkowska, Zuzanna
AU  - Grabbe, Stephan
AU  - Goldust, Mohamad
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Dermatologic therapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/dth.13359
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Comment on "COVID-19 and psoriasis: Is it time to limit treatment with immunosuppressants? A call for action"
AU  - Abdelmaksoud, Ayman
AU  - Goldust, Mohamad
AU  - Vestita, Michelangelo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Dermatologic therapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - e13360-e13360
SP  - e13360
EP  - e13360
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/dth.13360
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A novel treatment approach to the novel coronavirus: an argument for the use of therapeutic plasma exchange for fulminant COVID-19
AU  - Keith, Philip
AU  - Day, Matthew
AU  - Perkins, Linda
AU  - Moyer, Lou
AU  - Hewitt, Kristi
AU  - Wells, Adam
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Critical Care
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 24
IS  - 1
PG  - 128-128
SP  - 128
EP  - 128
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s13054-020-2836-4
UR  - https://ccforum.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13054-020-2836-4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Lung ultrasound findings in a 64-year-old woman with COVID-19
AU  - Thomas, Adam
AU  - Haljan, Greg
AU  - Mitra, Anish
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1503/cmaj.200414
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - ‘These are answers we need.’ WHO plans global study to discover true extent of coronavirus infections
AU  - Vogel, Gretchen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In an effort to understand how many people have been infected with the new coronavirus, the World Health Organization (WHO) is planning a coordinated study to test blood samples for the presence of antibodies to the virus. Called Solidarity II, the program, which will involve more than half a dozen countries around the globe, will launch in the coming days, says Maria Van Kerkhove, who is helping coordinate WHO’s COVID-19 response. Knowing the true number of cases—including mild ones—will help pin down the prevalence and mortality rate of COVID-19 in different age groups. It will also help policymakers decide how long shutdowns and quarantines should last. “These are answers we need, and we need the right answers to drive policy,” WHO’s executive director for health emergencies, Michael Ryan, told a press briefing on 27 March.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abc0458
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/04/these-are-answers-we-need-who-plans-global-study-discover-true-extent-coronavirus
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - You may be able to spread coronavirus just by breathing, new report finds
AU  - Service, Robert F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The National Academy of Sciences (NAS) has given a boost to an unsettling idea: that the novel coronavirus can spread through the air—not just via the large droplets emitted in a cough or sneeze. Though current studies aren’t conclusive, “the results of available studies are consistent with aerosolization of virus from normal breathing,” Harvey Fineberg, who heads a standing committee on Emerging Infectious Diseases and 21st Century Health Threats, wrote in a 1 April letter to Kelvin Droegemeier, head of the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy. Thus far, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and other health agencies have insisted the primary route of transmission for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is through the larger respiratory droplets, up to 1 millimeter across, that people expel when they cough and sneeze. Gravity grounds these droplets within 1 or 2 meters, although they deposit the virus on surfaces, from which people can pick it up and infect themselves by touching their mouth, nose, or eyes. But if the coronavirus can be suspended in the ultrafine mist that we produce when we exhale, protection becomes more difficult, strengthening the argument that all people should wear masks in public to reduce unwitting transmission of the virus from asymptomatic carriers.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abc0490
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/04/you-may-be-able-spread-coronavirus-just-breathing-new-report-finds#
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Lockdown in Italy: personal stories of doing science during the COVID-19 quarantine
AU  - Paterlini, Marta
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Four researchers explain how they’re keeping going through the coronavirus pandemic. Italy is at the epicentre of the coronavirus pandemic in Europe. More than 100,000 people have been infected in the country (including at least 8,956 health-care workers) and more than 11,000 have died. Lombardy, the region of northern Italy around Milan, is the area most affected so far. Northern Italy went into emergency lockdown on 8 March, and the government expanded the quarantine to the entire nation three days later.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-01001-8
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-01001-8
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - African nations missing from coronavirus trials
AU  - Maxmen, Antoaneta Roussi & Amy
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - And a new, influential research consortium launches a bid to accelerate trials in low-income countries. The World Health Organization says it wants many more African nations to participate in its SOLIDARITY trial, a global study of four potential COVID-19 treatments. The call comes as a new international consortium of researchers urges faster action on clinical research in countries with weak health systems — and offers to help coordinate the process so that researchers from Africa can more easily join.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-01010-7
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-01010-7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How sewage could reveal true scale of coronavirus outbreak
AU  - Mallapaty, Smriti
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Wastewater testing could also be used as an early-warning sign if the virus returns. More than a dozen research groups worldwide have started analysing wastewater for the new coronavirus as a way to estimate the total number of infections in a community, given that most people will not be tested. The method could also be used to detect the coronavirus if it returns to communities, say scientists. So far, researchers have found traces of the virus in the Netherlands, the United States and Sweden.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00973-x
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00973-x
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Is the coronavirus airborne? Experts can’t agree
AU  - Lewis, Dyani
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The World Health Organization says the evidence is not compelling, but scientists warn that gathering sufficient data could take years and cost lives. Since early reports revealed that a new coronavirus was spreading rapidly between people, researchers have been trying to pin down whether it can travel through the air. Health officials say the virus is transported only through droplets that are coughed or sneezed out — either directly, or on objects. But some scientists say there is preliminary evidence that airborne transmission — in which the disease spreads in the much smaller particles from exhaled air, known as aerosols — is occurring, and that precautions, such as increasing ventilation indoors, should be recommended to reduce the risk of infection.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00974-w
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00974-w
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - These drugs don’t target the coronavirus—they target us
AU  - Kupferschmidt, Kai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In another example of the blinding speed at which science is moving during the pandemic era, researchers at Aarhus University in Denmark will start a clinical trial of a drug named camostat mesylate tomorrow—barely 1 month after a Cell paper showed the compound can prevent the novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, from entering human cells. “If we are to have an impact on the rising epidemic, then we have to act right now,” says Ole Søgaard, the infectious disease physician leading the study.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abc0405
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/04/these-drugs-don-t-target-coronavirus-they-target-us
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Special report: The simulations driving the world’s response to COVID-19
AU  - Adam, David
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - How epidemiologists rushed to model the coronavirus pandemic. When Neil Ferguson visited the heart of British government in London’s Downing Street, he was much closer to the COVID-19 pandemic than he realized. Ferguson, a mathematical epidemiologist at Imperial College London, briefed officials in mid-March on the latest results of his team’s computer models, which simulated the rapid spread of the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 through the UK population. Less than 36 hours later, he announced on Twitter that he had a fever and a cough. A positive test followed. The disease-tracking scientist had become a data point in his own project.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-01003-6
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-01003-6
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Diagnostic performance of chest CT to differentiate COVID-19 pneumonia in non-high-epidemic area in Japan
AU  - Himoto, Yuki
AU  - Sakata, Akihiko
AU  - Kirita, Mitsuhiro
AU  - Hiroi, Takashi
AU  - Kobayashi, Ken-Ichiro
AU  - Kubo, Kenji
AU  - Kim, Hyunjin
AU  - Nishimoto, Azusa
AU  - Maeda, Chikara
AU  - Kawamura, Akira
AU  - Komiya, Nobuhiro
AU  - Umeoka, Shigeaki
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - PURPOSE: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of chest CT to differentiate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia in non-high-epidemic area in Japan. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective study included 21 patients clinically suspected COVID-19 pneumonia and underwent chest CT more than 3 days after the symptom onset: six patients confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia by real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and 15 patients proved uninfected. Using a Likert scale and its receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, two radiologists (R1/R2) evaluated the diagnostic performance of the five CT criteria: (1) ground glass opacity (GGO)-predominant lesions, (2) GGO- and peripheral-predominant lesions, (3) bilateral GGO-predominant lesions; (4) bilateral GGO- and peripheral-predominant lesions, and (5) bilateral GGO- and peripheral-predominant lesions without nodules, airway abnormalities, pleural effusion, and mediastinal lymphadenopathy. RESULTS: All patients confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia had bilateral GGO- and peripheral-predominant lesions without airway abnormalities, mediastinal lymphadenopathy, and pleural effusion. The five CT criteria showed moderate to excellent diagnostic performance with area under the curves (AUCs) ranging 0.77-0.88 for R1 and 0.78-0.92 for R2. The criterion (e) showed the highest AUC. CONCLUSION: Chest CT would play a supplemental role to differentiate COVID-19 pneumonia from other respiratory diseases presenting with similar symptoms in a clinical setting.
JO  - Jpn J Radiol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32232648
DO  - 10.1007/s11604-020-00958-w
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Understanding and Interpretation of Case Fatality Rate of Coronavirus Disease 2019
AU  - Kim, Dong Hyun
AU  - Choe, Young June
AU  - Jeong, Jin Young
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Korean Med Sci
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32233163
DO  - 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e137
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Analysis on 54 Mortality Cases of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in the Republic of Korea from January 19 to March 10, 2020
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since the identification of the first case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the global number of confirmed cases as of March 15, 2020, is 156,400, with total death in 5,833 (3.7%) worldwide. Here, we summarize the morality data from February 19 when the first mortality occurred to 0 am, March 10, 2020, in Korea with comparison to other countries. The overall case fatality rate of COVID-19 in Korea was 0.7% as of 0 am, March 10, 2020.
JO  - J Korean Med Sci
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32233161
DO  - 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e132
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: An Unintended Force for Medical Revolution?
AU  - Wang, Xiaowen
AU  - Bhatt, Deepak L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Invasive Cardiol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32229647
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Facing the COVID-19 emergency: we can and we do
AU  - Giovagnoni, Andrea
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Radiol Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32232651
DO  - 10.1007/s11547-020-01178-y
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The psychological impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on college students in China
AU  - Cao, Wenjun
AU  - Fang, Ziwei
AU  - Hou, Guoqiang
AU  - Han, Mei
AU  - Xu, Xinrong
AU  - Dong, Jiaxin
AU  - Zheng, Jianzhong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A COVID-19 epidemic has been spreading in China and other parts of the world since December 2019. The epidemic has brought not only the risk of death from infection but also unbearable psychological pressure. We sampled college students from Changzhi medical college by using cluster sampling. They responded to a questionnaire packet that included the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) and those inquiring the participants' basic information. We received 7,143 responses. Results indicated that 0.9% of the respondents were experiencing severe anxiety, 2.7% moderate anxiety, and 21.3% mild anxiety. Moreover, living in urban areas (OR = 0.810, 95% CI = 0.709 - 0.925), family income stability (OR = 0.726, 95% CI = 0.645 - 0.817) and living with parents (OR = 0.752, 95% CI = 0.596 - 0.950) were protective factors against anxiety. Moreover, having relatives or acquaintances infected with COVID-19 was a risk factor for increasing the anxiety of college students (OR = 3.007, 95% CI = 2.377 - 3.804). Results of correlation analysis indicated that economic effects, and effects on daily life, as well as delays in academic activities, were positively associated with anxiety symptoms (P < .001). However, social support was negatively correlated with the level of anxiety (P < .001). It is suggested that the mental health of college students should be monitored during epidemics.
JO  - Psychiatry Res
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32229390
DO  - 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112934
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - News Feature: Avoiding pitfalls in the pursuit of a COVID-19 vaccine
AU  - Peeples, Lynne
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32229574
DO  - 10.1073/pnas.2005456117
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [SARS-CoV-2-a challenge for all of us]
AU  - Holz, Frank G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Ophthalmologe
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32232545
DO  - 10.1007/s00347-020-01097-3
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Neurologic complications of coronavirus infections
AU  - Nath, Avindra
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Neurology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32229625
DO  - 10.1212/WNL.0000000000009455
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Reply to: 'Interaction between RAAS inhibitors and ACE2 in the context of COVID-19'
AU  - Zheng, Ying-Ying
AU  - Ma, Yi-Tong
AU  - Zhang, Jin-Ying
AU  - Xie, Xiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nat Rev Cardiol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32231330
DO  - 10.1038/s41569-020-0369-9
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Interaction between RAAS inhibitors and ACE2 in the context of COVID-19
AU  - Mourad, Jean-Jacques
AU  - Levy, Bernard I.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nat Rev Cardiol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32231328
DO  - 10.1038/s41569-020-0368-x
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Emerging prophylaxis strategies against COVID-19
AU  - Agrawal, Sumita
AU  - Goel, Akhil Dhanesh
AU  - Gupta, Nitesh
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The Novel corona virus 2019 which started as an outbreak in China in December 2019 has rapidly spread all over the world, such that on 11th March 2020 WHO declared this disease as pandemic. The emergency that the world faces today demands that we develop urgent and effective measures to protect people at high risk of transmission. WHO has accelerated research in diagnostics, vaccines and therapeutics for this novel coronavirus.
JO  - Monaldi Arch Chest Dis
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32231348
DO  - 10.4081/monaldi.2020.1289
UR  - 
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Forty years with coronaviruses
AU  - Weiss, Susan R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - I have been researching coronaviruses for more than forty years. This viewpoint summarizes some of the major findings in coronavirus research made before the SARS epidemic and how they inform current research on the newly emerged SARS-CoV-2.
JO  - J Exp Med
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32232339
DO  - 10.1084/jem.20200537
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Transcriptomic characteristics of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and peripheral blood mononuclear cells in COVID-19 patients
AU  - Xiong, Yong
AU  - Liu, Yuan
AU  - Cao, Liu
AU  - Wang, Dehe
AU  - Guo, Ming
AU  - Jiang, Ao
AU  - Guo, Dong
AU  - Hu, Wenjia
AU  - Yang, Jiayi
AU  - Tang, Zhidong
AU  - Wu, Honglong
AU  - Lin, Yongquan
AU  - Zhang, Meiyuan
AU  - Zhang, Qi
AU  - Shi, Mang
AU  - Liu, Yingle
AU  - Zhou, Yu
AU  - Lan, Ke
AU  - Chen, Yu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Circulating in China and 158 other countries and areas, the ongoing COVID-19 outbreak has caused devastating mortality and posed a great threat to public health. However, efforts to identify effectively supportive therapeutic drugs and treatments has been hampered by our limited understanding of host immune response for this fatal disease. To characterize the transcriptional signatures of host inflammatory response to SARS-CoV-2 (HCoV-19) infection, we carried out transcriptome sequencing of the RNAs isolated from the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) specimens of COVID-19 patients. Our results reveal distinct host inflammatory cytokine profiles to SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients, and highlight the association between COVID-19 pathogenesis and excessive cytokine release such as CCL2/MCP-1, CXCL10/IP-10, CCL3/MIP-1A, and CCL4/MIP1B. Furthermore, SARS-CoV-2 induced activation of apoptosis and P53 signalling pathway in lymphocytes may be the cause of patients' lymphopenia. The transcriptome dataset of COVID-19 patients would be a valuable resource for clinical guidance on anti-inflammatory medication and understanding the molecular mechansims of host response.
JO  - Emerg Microbes Infect
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32228226
DO  - 10.1080/22221751.2020.1747363
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Renin-angiotensin system inhibitors improve the clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients with hypertension
AU  - Meng, Juan
AU  - Xiao, Guohui
AU  - Zhang, Juanjuan
AU  - He, Xing
AU  - Ou, Min
AU  - Bi, Jing
AU  - Yang, Rongqing
AU  - Di, Wencheng
AU  - Wang, Zhaoqin
AU  - Li, Zigang
AU  - Gao, Hong
AU  - Liu, Lei
AU  - Zhang, Guoliang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The dysfunction of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has been observed in coronavirus infection disease (COVID-19) patients, but whether RAS inhibitors, such as angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers (ARBs), are associated with clinical outcomes remains unknown. COVID-19 patients with hypertension were enrolled to evaluate the effect of RAS inhibitors. We observed that patients receiving ACEI or ARB therapy had a lower rate of severe diseases and a trend toward a lower level of IL-6 in peripheral blood. In addition, ACEI or ARB therapy increased CD3 and CD8 T cell counts in peripheral blood and decreased the peak viral load compared to other antihypertensive drugs. This evidence supports the benefit of using ACEIs or ARBs to potentially contribute to the improvement of clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients with hypertension.
JO  - Emerg Microbes Infect
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32228222
DO  - 10.1080/22221751.2020.1746200
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Staff Mental Health Self-Assessment During the COVID-19 Outbreak
AU  - Chung, J. P. Y.
AU  - Yeung, W. S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - East Asian Arch Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32229646
DO  - 10.12809/eaap2014
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Correction to: Practical indications for the prevention and management of SARS-CoV-2 in ambulatory dialysis patients: lessons from the first phase of the epidemics in Lombardy
AU  - Rombola, Giuseppe
AU  - Heidempergher, Marco
AU  - Pedrini, Luciano
AU  - Farina, Marco
AU  - Aucella, Filippo
AU  - Messa, Piergiorgio
AU  - Brunori, Giuliano
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The originally published article the co-author name Marco Heidempergher incorrectly spelled as Marco Hedemperger. The correct name given below.
JO  - J Nephrol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32232773
DO  - 10.1007/s40620-020-00729-w
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [SARS-CoV-2/COVID 19 Infection and Solid Cancers: Synthesis of Recommendations for Health Professionals]
AU  - Grellety, Thomas
AU  - Ravaud, Alain
AU  - Canivet, Anne
AU  - Ganem, Gerard
AU  - Guimbaud, Rosine
AU  - Kaluzinski, Laure
AU  - Krakowski, Ivan
AU  - Mayeur, Didier
AU  - Lotz, Jean-Pierre
AU  - You, Benoit
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Bull Cancer
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32229048
DO  - 10.1016/j.bulcan.2020.03.001
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Antihypertensive treatment with ACEI/ARB of patients with COVID-19 complicated by hypertension
AU  - Li, Gang
AU  - Hu, Rui
AU  - Zhang, Xuejiao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Hypertens Res
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32231220
DO  - 10.1038/s41440-020-0433-1
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Headaches Associated with Personal Protective Equipment - A Cross-sectional Study Amongst Frontline Healthcare Workers During COVID-19 (HAPPE Study)
AU  - Jy Ong, Jonathan
AU  - Bharatendu, Chandra
AU  - Goh, Yihui
AU  - Zy Tang, Jonathan
AU  - Wx Sooi, Kenneth
AU  - Lin Tan, Yi
AU  - Yq Tan, Benjamin
AU  - Teoh, Hock-Luen
AU  - Ting Ong, Shi
AU  - Allen, David M.
AU  - Sharma, Vijay K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: COVID-19 is an emerging infectious disease of pandemic proportions. Healthcare workers in Singapore working in high-risk areas were mandated to wear personal protective equipment (PPE) such as N95 face-mask and protective eyewear while attending to patients. OBJECTIVES: We sought to determine the risk factors associated with the development of de novo PPE-associated headaches as well as the perceived impact of these headaches on their personal health and work performance. The impact of COVID-19 on pre-existing headache disorders was also investigated. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study amongst healthcare workers at our tertiary institution who were working in high-risk hospital areas during COVID-19. All respondents completed a self-administered questionnaire. RESULTS: A total of 158 healthcare workers participated in the study. Majority [126/158 (77.8%)] were aged 21-35 years. Participants included nurses [102/158 (64.6%)], doctors [51/158 (32.3%)] and paramedical staff [5/158 (3.2%)]. Pre-existing primary headache diagnosis was present in about a third [46/158 (29.1%)] of respondents. Those based at the emergency department had higher average daily duration of combined PPE exposure compared to those working in isolation wards [7.0 (SD 2.2) vs 5.2 (SD 2.4) hours, p<0.0001] or medical ICU [7.0 (SD 2.2) vs 2.2 (SD 0.41) hours, p<0.0001]. Out of 158 respondents, 128 (81.0%) respondents developed de novo PPE-associated headaches. A pre-existing primary headache diagnosis (OR=4.20, 95% CI 1.48-15.40; p=0.030) and combined PPE usage for >4 hours per day (OR 3.91, 95% CI 1.35-11.31; p=0.012) were independently associated with de novo PPE-associated headaches. Since COVID-19 outbreak, 42/46 (91.3%) of respondents with pre-existing headache diagnosis either 'agreed' or 'strongly agreed' that the increased PPE usage had affected the control of their background headaches, which affected their level of work performance. CONCLUSION: Most healthcare workers develop de novo PPE-associated headaches or exacerbation of their pre-existing headache disorders.
JO  - Headache
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32232837
DO  - 10.1111/head.13811
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Ocular manifestation, eye protection, and COVID-19
AU  - Mungmungpuntipantip, Rujittika
AU  - Wiwanitkit, Viroj
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32232568
DO  - 10.1007/s00417-020-04662-3
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Integrative considerations during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Alschuler, Lise
AU  - Weil, Andrew
AU  - Horwitz, Randy
AU  - Stamets, Paul
AU  - Chiasson, Ann Marie
AU  - Crocker, Robert
AU  - Maizes, Victoria
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Explore (NY)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32229082
DO  - 10.1016/j.explore.2020.03.007
UR  - 
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cancer care during the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Italy: young oncologists' perspective
AU  - Lambertini, Matteo
AU  - Toss, Angela
AU  - Passaro, Antonio
AU  - Criscitiello, Carmen
AU  - Cremolini, Chiara
AU  - Cardone, Claudia
AU  - Loupakis, Fotios
AU  - Viscardi, Giuseppe
AU  - Meattini, Icro
AU  - Dieci, Maria Vittoria
AU  - Ferrara, Roberto
AU  - Giusti, Raffaele
AU  - Maio, Massimo Di
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Click here to listen to the Podcast.
JO  - ESMO Open
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32229501
DO  - 10.1136/esmoopen-2020-000759
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Pandemic - Is Virtual Urology Clinic the answer to keeping the cancer pathway moving?
AU  - Connor, M. J.
AU  - Winkler, M.
AU  - Miah, S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 pandemic presents an unprecedented challenge to our National Health Service (NHS) (1). As the need to appropriately direct all efforts towards providing emergency supportive care to those suffering, there will be a knee-jerk tendency to cancel all outpatient activity by NHS trusts. Whilst this appears to be a pragmatic approach to reducing risk of transmission, there will be an unmet cost to those patients who are high-risk and are already on the cancer referral pathway.
JO  - BJU Int
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32232915
DO  - 10.1111/bju.15061
UR  - 
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Potential Treatments for COVID-19; a Narrative Literature Review
AU  - Rismanbaf, Ali
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - SARS-CoV-2 is a newly emerging human infectious coronavirus that causes COVID-19, which has been recognized as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11(th). There is still no vaccine or definitive treatment for this virus because its pathogenesis and proliferation pathways are still unknown. Therefore, in this article, new potential COVID-19 therapies are briefly reviewed.
JO  - Arch Acad Emerg Med
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32232214
DO  - 
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Risks of Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) in Pregnancy; a Narrative Review
AU  - Panahi, Latif
AU  - Amiri, Marzieh
AU  - Pouy, Somaye
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Introduction: The outbreak of the new Coronavirus in China in December 2019 and subsequently in various countries around the world has raised concerns about the possibility of vertical transmission of the virus from mother to fetus. The present study aimed to review published literature in this regard. Methods: In this narrative review, were searched for all articles published in various databases including PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Science Direct, and Web of Science using MeSH-compliant keywords including COVID-19, Pregnancy, Vertical transmission, Coronavirus 2019, SARS-CoV-2 and 2019-nCoV from December 2019 to March 18, 2020 and reviewed them. All type of articles published about COVID-19 and vertical transmission in pregnancy were included. Results: A review of 13 final articles published in this area revealed that COVID-19 can cause fetal distress, miscarriage, respiratory distress and preterm delivery in pregnant women but does not infect newborns. There has been no report of vertical transmission in pregnancy, and it has been found that clinical symptoms of COVID-19 in pregnant women are not different from those of non-pregnant women. Conclusion: Overall, due to lack of appropriate data about the effect of COVID-19 on pregnancy, it is necessary to monitor suspected pregnant women before and after delivery. For confirmed cases both the mother and the newborn child should be followed up comprehensively.
JO  - Arch Acad Emerg Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32232217
DO  - 
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Incidentally Diagnosed COVID-19 Infection in Trauma Patients; a Clinical Experience
AU  - Khazaei, Mehdi
AU  - Asgari, Reyhaneh
AU  - Zarei, Ehsan
AU  - Moharramzad, Yashar
AU  - Haghighatkhah, Hamidreza
AU  - Sanei Taheri, Morteza
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Arch Acad Emerg Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32232216
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prevalence of Underlying Diseases in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
AU  - Emami, Amir
AU  - Javanmardi, Fatemeh
AU  - Pirbonyeh, Neda
AU  - Akbari, Ali
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Introduction: In the beginning of 2020, an unexpected outbreak due to a new corona virus made the headlines all over the world. Exponential growth in the number of those affected makes this virus such a threat. The current meta-analysis aimed to estimate the prevalence of underlying disorders in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Methods: A comprehensive systematic search was performed on PubMed, Scopus, Web of science, and Google scholar, to find articles published until 15 February 2020. All relevant articles that reported clinical characteristics and epidemiological information of hospitalized COVID-19 patients were included in the analysis. Results: The data of 76993 patients presented in 10 articles were included in this study. According to the meta-analysis, the pooled prevalence of hypertension, cardiovascular disease, smoking history and diabetes in people infected with SARS-CoV-2 were estimated as 16.37% (95%CI: 10.15%-23.65%), 12.11% (95%CI 4.40%-22.75%), 7.63% (95%CI 3.83%-12.43%) and 7.87% (95%CI 6.57%-9.28%), respectively. Conclusion: According to the findings of the present study, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, smoking, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), malignancy, and chronic kidney disease were among the most prevalent underlying diseases among hospitalized COVID-19 patients, respectively.
JO  - Arch Acad Emerg Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32232218
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The COVID-19 Intubation and Ventilation Pathway (CiVP); a Commentary
AU  - Baig, Muhammad Akbar
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Arch Acad Emerg Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32232219
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Information Diet in Covid-19 Crisis; a Commentary
AU  - Ashrafi-Rizi, Hasan
AU  - Kazempour, Zahra
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Arch Acad Emerg Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32232215
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Daily Situation Report on Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Iran; March 13, 2020
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Arch Acad Emerg Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32232213
DO  - 
UR  - 
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The experience of high-flow nasal cannula in hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in two hospitals of Chongqing, China
AU  - Wang, Ke
AU  - Zhao, Wei
AU  - Li, Ji
AU  - Shu, Weiwei
AU  - Duan, Jun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: The outbreak of a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)-infected pneumonia (NCIP) is currently ongoing in China. Most of the critically ill patients received high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygen therapy. However, the experience of HFNC in this population is lacking. METHODS: We retrospectively screened 318 confirmed patients with NCIP in two hospitals of Chongqing, China, from January 1st to March 4th, 2020. Among them, 27 (8.4%) patients experienced severe acute respiratory failure including 17 patients (63%) treated with HFNC as first-line therapy, 9 patients (33%) treated with noninvasive ventilation (NIV) and one patient (4%) treated with invasive ventilation. HFNC failure was defined by the need of NIV or intubation as rescue therapy. RESULTS: Of the 17 HFNC patients, 7 (41%) experienced HFNC failure. The HFNC failure rate was 0% (0/6) in patients with PaO2/FiO2 > 200 mm Hg vs. 63% (7/11) in those with PaO2/FiO2 </= 200 mm Hg (p = 0.04). Compared with baseline data, the respiratory rate significantly decreased after 1-2 h of HFNC in successful group [median 26 (IQR: 25-29) vs. 23 (22-25), p = 0.03]. However, it did not in the unsuccessful group. After initiation of NIV as rescue therapy among the 7 patients with HFNC failure, PaO2/FiO2 significantly improved after 1-2 h of NIV [median 172 (150-208) mmHg vs. 114 (IQR: 79-130) under HFNC, p = 0.04]. However, two out of seven (29%) patients with NIV as rescue therapy ultimately received intubation. Among the 27 patients with severe acute respiratory failure, four patients were eventually intubated (15%). CONCLUSIONS: Our study indicated that HFNC was the most common ventilation support for patients with NCIP. Patients with lower PaO2/FiO2 were more likely to experience HFNC failure.
JO  - Ann Intensive Care
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32232685
DO  - 10.1186/s13613-020-00653-z
UR  - 
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Advanced Preparation Makes Research in Emergencies and Isolation Care Possible: The Case of Coronavirus Disease
AU  - Brett-Major, David M.
AU  - Schnaubelt, Elizabeth R.
AU  - Creager, Hannah M.
AU  - Lowe, Abigail
AU  - Cieslak, Theodore J.
AU  - Dahlke, Jacob M.
AU  - Johnson, Daniel W.
AU  - Fey, Paul D.
AU  - Hansen, Keith F.
AU  - Hewlett, Angela L.
AU  - Gordon, Bruce G.
AU  - Kalil, Andre C.
AU  - Khan, Ali S.
AU  - Kortepeter, Mark G.
AU  - Kratochvil, Christopher J.
AU  - Larson, LuAnn
AU  - Levy, Deborah A.
AU  - Linder, James
AU  - Medcalf, Sharon J.
AU  - Rupp, Mark E.
AU  - Schwedhelm, Michelle M.
AU  - Sullivan, James
AU  - Vasa, Angela M.
AU  - Wadman, Michael C.
AU  - Lookadoo, Rachel E.
AU  - Lowe, John-Martin J.
AU  - Lawler, James V.
AU  - Broadhurst, M. Jana
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The optimal time to initiate research on emergencies is before they occur. However, timely initiation of high-quality research may launch during an emergency under the right conditions. These include an appropriate context, clarity in scientific aims, preexisting resources, strong operational and research structures that are facile, and good governance. Here, Nebraskan rapid research efforts early during the 2020 coronavirus disease pandemic, while participating in the first use of U.S. federal quarantine in 50 years, are described from these aspects, as the global experience with this severe emerging infection grew apace. The experience has lessons in purpose, structure, function, and performance of research in any emergency, when facing any threat.
JO  - Am J Trop Med Hyg
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32228780
DO  - 10.4269/ajtmh.20-0205
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19 Does Not Lead to a "Typical" Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
AU  - Gattinoni, Luciano
AU  - Coppola, Silvia
AU  - Cressoni, Massimo
AU  - Busana, Mattia
AU  - Chiumello, Davide
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Am J Respir Crit Care Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32228035
DO  - 10.1164/rccm.202003-0817LE
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Experience of Diagnosing and Managing Patients in Oral Maxillofacial Surgery during the Prevention and Control Period of the New Coronavirus Pneumonia
AU  - Yang, Yue
AU  - Soh, Hui Yuh
AU  - Cai, Zhi Gang
AU  - Peng, Xin
AU  - Zhang, Yi
AU  - Guo, Chuan Bin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The newly emerged coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a respiratory disease caused by a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) which was first identified in China in December 2019. It is a highly contagious infection that can spread from person to person through close contact and respiratory droplets. The healthcare personnel of the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery are especially vulnerable to the infection due to their extensive and close exposure to patients' oral and nasal cavities and secretions. As one of the busiest specialised hospitals in the world, the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology summarised the experience with disease prevention and control and clinical recommendations on the examination, diagnosis and treatment processes, clinical management, healthcare personnel protection and disinfection amid the continued spread of the pandemic.
JO  - Chin J Dent Res
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32232230
DO  - 10.3290/j.cjdr.a44339
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 (previously 2019-nCoV) infection by a highly potent pan-coronavirus fusion inhibitor targeting its spike protein that harbors a high capacity to mediate membrane fusion
AU  - Xia, Shuai
AU  - Liu, Meiqin
AU  - Wang, Chao
AU  - Xu, Wei
AU  - Lan, Qiaoshuai
AU  - Feng, Siliang
AU  - Qi, Feifei
AU  - Bao, Linlin
AU  - Du, Lanying
AU  - Liu, Shuwen
AU  - Qin, Chuan
AU  - Sun, Fei
AU  - Shi, Zhengli
AU  - Zhu, Yun
AU  - Jiang, Shibo
AU  - Lu, Lu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The recent outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection in Wuhan, China has posed a serious threat to global public health. To develop specific anti-coronavirus therapeutics and prophylactics, the molecular mechanism that underlies viral infection must first be defined. Therefore, we herein established a SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein-mediated cell-cell fusion assay and found that SARS-CoV-2 showed a superior plasma membrane fusion capacity compared to that of SARS-CoV. We solved the X-ray crystal structure of six-helical bundle (6-HB) core of the HR1 and HR2 domains in the SARS-CoV-2 S protein S2 subunit, revealing that several mutated amino acid residues in the HR1 domain may be associated with enhanced interactions with the HR2 domain. We previously developed a pan-coronavirus fusion inhibitor, EK1, which targeted the HR1 domain and could inhibit infection by divergent human coronaviruses tested, including SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. Here we generated a series of lipopeptides derived from EK1 and found that EK1C4 was the most potent fusion inhibitor against SARS-CoV-2 S protein-mediated membrane fusion and pseudovirus infection with IC50s of 1.3 and 15.8 nM, about 241- and 149-fold more potent than the original EK1 peptide, respectively. EK1C4 was also highly effective against membrane fusion and infection of other human coronavirus pseudoviruses tested, including SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, as well as SARSr-CoVs, and potently inhibited the replication of 5 live human coronaviruses examined, including SARS-CoV-2. Intranasal application of EK1C4 before or after challenge with HCoV-OC43 protected mice from infection, suggesting that EK1C4 could be used for prevention and treatment of infection by the currently circulating SARS-CoV-2 and other emerging SARSr-CoVs.
JO  - Cell Res
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32231345
DO  - 10.1038/s41422-020-0305-x
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and chronological aging: senolytics and other anti-aging drugs for the treatment or prevention of corona virus infection?
AU  - Sargiacomo, Camillo
AU  - Sotgia, Federica
AU  - Lisanti, Michael P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19, also known as SARS-CoV-2, is a new emerging zoonotic corona virus of the SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) and the MERS (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome) family. COVID-19 originated in China and spread world-wide, resulting in the pandemic of 2020. For some reason, COVID-19 shows a considerably higher mortality rate in patients with advanced chronological age. This begs the question as to whether there is a functional association between COVID-19 infection and the process of chronological aging. Two host receptors have been proposed for COVID-19. One is CD26 and the other is ACE-2 (angiotensin-converting enzyme 2). Interestingly, both CD26 and the angiotensin system show associations with senescence. Similarly, two proposed therapeutics for the treatment of COVID-19 infection are Azithromycin and Quercetin, both drugs with significant senolytic activity. Also, Chloroquine-related compounds inhibit the induction of the well-known senescence marker, Beta-galactosidase. Other anti-aging drugs should also be considered, such as Rapamycin and Doxycycline, as they behave as inhibitors of protein synthesis, blocking both SASP and viral replication. Therefore, we wish to speculate that the fight against COVID-19 disease should involve testing the hypothesis that senolytics and other anti-aging drugs may have a prominent role in preventing the transmission of the virus, as well as aid in its treatment. Thus, we propose that new clinical trials may be warranted, as several senolytic and anti-aging therapeutics are existing FDA-approved drugs, with excellent safety profiles, and would be readily available for drug repurposing efforts. As Azithromycin and Doxycycline are both commonly used antibiotics that inhibit viral replication and IL-6 production, we may want to consider this general class of antibiotics that functionally inhibits cellular protein synthesis as a side-effect, for the treatment and prevention of COVID-19 disease.
JO  - Aging (Albany NY)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32229706
DO  - 10.18632/aging.103001
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Is Regional Anesthesia Enough Safe in Suspected or Confirmed COVID-19 Patients?
AU  - Aminnejad, Reza
AU  - Shafiee, Hamed
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 is a new entity in the field of clinical medicine. In near future, anesthesiologists around the globe increasingly will encounter patients who need surgery and at the same time are suspected or confirmed cases of COVID-19. Planning for a safe anesthesia technique is inevitable.
JO  - ACS Chem Neurosci
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32227844
DO  - 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00146
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - The fiscal value of human lives lost from Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in China
AU  - Kirigia, Joses M.
AU  - Muthuri, Rose Nabi Deborah Karimi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - According to the WHO coronavirus disease (COVID-19) situation report 35, as of 24th February 2020, there was a total of 77,262 confirmed COVID-19 cases in China. That included 2595 deaths. The specific objective of this study was to estimate the fiscal value of human lives lost due to COVID-19 in China as of 24th February 2020. The deaths from COVID-19 had a discounted (at 3%) total fiscal value of Int$ 924,346,795 in China. Out of which, 63.2% was borne by people aged 25–49 years, 27.8% by people aged 50–64 years, and 9.0% by people aged 65 years and above. The average fiscal value per death was Int$ 356,203. Re-estimation of the economic model alternately with 5% and 10 discount rates led to a reduction in the expected total fiscal value by 21.3% and 50.4%, respectively. Furthermore, the re-estimation of the economic model using the world’s highest average life expectancy of 87.1 years (which is that of Japanese females), instead of the national life expectancy of 76.4 years, increased the total fiscal value by Int$ 229,456,430 (24.8%).
JO  - 
PB  - BioMed Central
CY  - 
VL  - 13
IS  - 
PG  - 198-198
SP  - 198
EP  - 198
AN  - 
DO  - 10.21203/rs.2.23296/v1
UR  - https://bmcresnotes.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13104-020-05044-y https://lens.org/118-410-258-485-860
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Plano de contingência ao Coronavírus
AU  - Rondônia . Secretaria da, Saúde
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Diante da Emergência em Saúde Pública, declarada pela Organização Mundial da Saúde na data de 30 de janeiro do ano corrente, por doença respiratória causada pelo agente novo coronavírus (COVID-2019), conforme casos detectados na China e atualmente em diversos países como pode ser acompanhado no link https://saude.gov.br/saude-de-a-z/listacorona e considerando-se as recomendações da Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS), a Secretaria Estadual da Saúde de Rondônia e a Agência Estadual de Vigilância em Saúde de RondôniaAGEVISA/RO definiu a ativação do Comitê Estadual de Enfrentamento ao Coronavírus (COVID2019) de Rondônia ­ CEEC/RO. Este documento apresenta o Plano de Contingência Estadual para Infecção Humana do Coronavírus (COVID-2019), o qual está em consonância com o Plano de Contingência Nacional para Infecção Humana pelo novo Coronavírus (COVID-2019) que, em caso de surto, define o nível de resposta e a estrutura de comando correspondente a ser configurada, em cada esfera e nível de complexidade. A estruturação da resposta em três níveis é geralmente usada em planos de preparação e resposta em todo o mundo. Deste modo, seguimos a recomendação do Ministério da Saúde. Toda medida deve ser proporcional e restrita aos riscos.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://portalarquivos2.saude.gov.br/images/pdf/2020/marco/10/Plano-de-Contigencia-Rond--nia-Coronav--rus-Vers--o-II---06.03.2020.pdf http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/mkmth
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Plano de contingência estadual para enfrentamento da infecção humana pelo Coronavírus (2019-nCoV)
AU  - Roraima . Secretaria da, Saúde
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A OMS declarou no dia 30 de janeiro do corrente ano, Emergência em Saúde Pública Internacional devido o surgimento de uma doença respiratória causada por um novo sequenciamento do genoma do Coronavírus, que passou a ser denominado temporariamente de Coronavírus (2019-nCoV). O vírus foi identificado pela primeira vez na província de Hubei, China, e foi responsável com um elevado números de casos confirmados de infecção e óbitos. Após a declaração de Emergência em Saúde Pública Internacional pela OMS, o Ministério da Saúde declarou no dia 04 de fevereiro de 2020, o evento como Emergência em Saúde Pública de Importância Nacional (ESPIN), iniciando assim um alerta para que as equipes de vigilância dos estados e municípios, bem como quaisquer serviços de saúde, estejam atentas para a possibilidade de ocorrência em seus territórios, de casos em pessoas com sintomatologia respiratória e que apresentam histórico de viagens para áreas de transmissão local nos últimos 14 dias. Este documento apresenta o Plano de Contingência Estadual, o qual está em consonância com o Plano de Contingência Nacional para Infecção Humana pelo Coronavírus (2019-nCoV), e define em caso de surto o nível de resposta e a estrutura de comando correspondente a ser configurada, em cada esfera e nível de complexidade.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://portalarquivos2.saude.gov.br/images/pdf/2020/fevereiro/13/PLANO-DE-CONTINGENCIA-novo-coronavirus-RORAIMA-EM-REVIS--O.pdf http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/8f7xk
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Influenza and obesity: its odd relationship and the lessons for COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Luzi, Livio
AU  - Radaelli, Maria Grazia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Analyze the relationship between obesity and influenza. Basal hormone milieu, defective response of both innate and adaptive immune system and sedentariness are major determinants in the severity of influenza viral infection in obese patients. Being overweight not only increases the risk of infection and of complications for the single obese person, but a large prevalence of obese individuals within the population might increase the chance of appearance of more virulent viral strain, prolongs the virus shedding throughout the total population and eventually might increase overall mortality rate of an influenza pandemic. Waiting for the development of a vaccination against COVID-19, isolation of positive cases and social distancing are the primary interventions. Nonetheless, evidence from previous influenza pandemics suggests the following interventions aimed at improving immune response: (1) lose weight with a mild caloric restriction; (2) include AMPK activators and PPAR gamma activators in the drug treatment for obesity associated with diabetes; and (3) practice mild-to-moderate physical exercise. Due to prolonged viral shedding, quarantine in obese subjects should likely be longer than normal weight individuals.
JO  - Acta Diabetologica
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-6
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00592-020-01522-8
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00592-020-01522-8
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - From Tuberculosis to COVID-19: Legal and Constitutional Framework Regarding Compulsory Isolation/Treatment due to Contagious Diseases in Portugal TT - Da Tuberculose ao COVID-19: Legitimidade Juridico-Constitucional do Isolamento/Tratamento Compulsivo por Doencas Contagiosas em Portugal
AU  - Peixoto, Vasco Ricoca
AU  - Mexia, Ricardo
AU  - Santos, Nina Sousa
AU  - Carvalho, Carlos
AU  - Abrantes, Alexandre
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Acta medica portuguesa
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 33
IS  - 4
PG  - 225-228
SP  - 225
EP  - 228
AN  - 
DO  - 10.20344/amp.13562
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - RECOMENDACIONES EN UROLOGÍA PARA PACIENTES QUIRÚRGICO SOSPECHOSO O CONFIRMADO SARS-CoV2 O COVID-19 +
AU  - Esteban, M.
AU  - Prieto, L.
AU  - Álvarez-Ossorio, J. L.
AU  - Gómez, A.
AU  - Cortiñas, J. R.
AU  - Serrano, A.
AU  - Cózar, J. M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Actas Urológicas Españolas
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acuro.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0210480620300814
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Traditional and complementary treatments do have a role to play in global health, but probably not in emerging pandemics
AU  - Wardle, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Advances in Integrative Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 7
IS  - 1
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.aimed.2020.02.003
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005391026 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aimed.2020.02.003
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The coronavirus pandemic and aerosols: Does COVID-19 transmit via expiratory particles?
AU  - Asadi, Sima
AU  - Bouvier, Nicole
AU  - Wexler, Anthony S.
AU  - Ristenpart, William D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Aerosol Science and Technology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/02786826.2020.1749229
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2020.1749229
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A strategic health initiative: context for Coronavirus
AU  - Ennals, Richard
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - AI & SOCIETY
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00146-020-00969-1
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00146-020-00969-1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Impacts of Isolation Measures Against SARS-CoV-2 Infection on Sexual Health
AU  - Alpalhão, Miguel
AU  - Filipe, Paulo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - AIDS and Behavior
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s10461-020-02853-x
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10461-020-02853-x
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Achieve Research Continuity During Social Distancing by Rapidly Implementing Individual and Group Videoconferencing with Participants: Key Considerations, Best Practices, and Protocols
AU  - Marhefka, Stephanie
AU  - Lockhart, Elizabeth
AU  - Turner, DeAnne
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus has upended many traditional research procedures as universities and other research entities have closed to activate social distancing. Some social and behavioral research activities (e.g. data analysis, manuscript preparation) can be continued from other environments with appropriate security protocols in place. For studies involving in-person interactions, continuity may be more difficult. Phone-based interactions provide a low-tech solution that may suffice in some cases. Yet, videoconferencing platforms can nearly replicate in-person interactions, activating both auditory and visual senses and potentially resulting in more substantial engagement. Staff can meet with participants individually or in groups, each seeing and hearing one another in real time. This paper provides guidance for researchers transitioning in-person assessments and interventions to a synchronous videoconferencing platform. Best practices, key considerations, examples from the field, and sample protocols are presented to ease transition for ongoing studies and maximize the potential of videoconferencing—and social distancing.
JO  - AIDS and Behavior
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-7
SP  - 1
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s10461-020-02837-x
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10461-020-02837-x
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - DEA allows buprenorphine inductions based on telephone only
AU  - Knopf, Alison
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Last week, the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) said opioid treatment programs (OTPs) and Drug Addiction Treatment Act (DATA)?waived prescribers can treat new patients with buprenorphine based on a telephone call only. The Controlled Substances Act (CSA), enforced by the DEA, requires all new patients being treated with controlled substances to have an in-person ? or, for now, telemedicine ? physical exam. Now, however, because of the coexisting COVID-19 pandemic and opioid overdose crisis, the DEA has dropped this requirement. This follows the decision of the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) to allow exemptions from the OTP take-home regulations allowing stable patients to be given 14 or 28 days of methadone doses, instead of coming in more frequently (see DEA, SAMHSA relax OTP/OBOT regulations due to COVID-19, ADAW March 23, https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/adaw.32664).
JO  - Alcoholism & Drug Abuse Weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 32
IS  - 14
PG  - 4-5
SP  - 4
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/adaw.32680
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/adaw.32680
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Erratum: Covid-19 and long term conditions: what if you have cancer, diabetes, or chronic kidney disease? (BMJ (Clinical research ed.) (2020) 368 (m1174))
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1270
SP  - m1270
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1270
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L631366090 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m1270
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19 worldwide: we need precise data by age group and sex urgently
AU  - Bhopal, Raj
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Accurate and interpretable data are essential in guiding our approach to the covid-19 pandemic. Basic epidemiological principles are currently being flouted.1 Mostly, as in your article,2 case numbers are being reported. This number needs to be converted to a proportion, using the population size as the denominator. Otherwise, how can we tell which countries are …
JO  - BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1366-m1366
SP  - m1366
EP  - m1366
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1366
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32245830
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: government promises 100 000 tests per day in England by end of April
AU  - Iacobucci, Gareth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The government has pledged to carry out 100 000 tests for covid-19 per day in England by the end of April, ramping up its current capacity. The promise by the health secretary Matt Hancock follows mounting backlash against the government over its failure to boost testing capacity—a matter which has dominated the national news agenda in the UK over the past few days. In particular, the government’s failure to fulfil promises to roll out testing for NHS staff has left medical leaders frustrated,1 with large numbers of doctors having to self-isolate because they are unsure if they have the virus. Currently, there are only around 10 000 tests being carried out a day in England, which lags way behind many other developed countries. The …
JO  - BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1392-m1392
SP  - m1392
EP  - m1392
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1392
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32245880
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: the crisis of personal protective equipment in the US
AU  - Kamerow, Douglas
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Shortages are occurring amid widely varying demand, use, and supply strategies, Douglas Kamerow finds As covid-19 makes its way through the US, in some locations doctors, nurses, and other healthcare workers are facing the frightening prospect of work without personal protective equipment (PPE). A national survey of hospital infection control professionals reported that many medical facilities are nearing the end of their PPE supplies, despite frantic attempts to obtain more. As of 27 March, nearly a third of facilities were almost out of face masks, 13% had no more plastic face shields, and about 25% were completely or nearly out of gowns.1 The mayors of many large and small US cities have also reported PPE shortages. Responding to a national survey, 91% of 213 mayors said their cities had inadequate supplies of face masks and 88% said they didn’t have enough PPE for their medical and first responder personnel.2 The …
JO  - BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1367-m1367
SP  - m1367
EP  - m1367
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1367
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32245847
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: how a virus is turning the world upside down
AU  - Kickbusch, Ilona
AU  - Leung, Gabriel M.
AU  - Bhutta, Zulfiqar A.
AU  - Matsoso, Malebona Precious
AU  - Ihekweazu, Chikwe
AU  - Abbasi, Kamran
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We may emerge from this with a healthier respect for our common humanity The covid-19 pandemic is the biggest threat in living memory to health and wellbeing, social welfare, and the global economy. In a world shaped by neoliberalism the economy has always come first, but many leaders of rich countries are now explicitly prioritising people’s health over the economy. On 26 March, G20 leaders held an extraordinary summit on health, focusing on covid-19. In the face of the severe economic impact of necessary public health actions, financial rules that were considered sacrosanct are being bent with startling speed and force. Germany’s chancellor, Angela Merkel, promised, “We will do what is necessary.” Germany has enough financial reserves and emergency instruments to release additional funds and maintain economic life.1 France is engaged in an economic and financial war, according to its finance minister: “This war will be long, it will be violent, and we must mobilise all our national, European, and G7 forces.”2 President Cyril Ramaphosa of South Africa believes that, “What we are witnessing is social solidarity in action, a defining feature of our nationhood.”3 The global economy is braced for at least $2.7tn (£2tn; €2.5tn) in lost output, equivalent to the annual gross domestic product of the United Kingdom.4 Projections indicate that many economies will be crippled and unable to recover quickly, especially in the global South.5 The Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, created to implement the Marshall plan after the second world war, is calling for a global new deal.6 If economies and social order collapse in South Asia, Africa, or Latin America, no border, wall, or boundary will be enough to contain the consequences. At its emergency summit, the G20 committed “to do whatever it takes to overcome the pandemic,” …
JO  - BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1336-m1336
SP  - m1336
EP  - m1336
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1336
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32245802
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Managing clinical trials for covid-19: the importance of ethics committees
AU  - Luo, Qiankun
AU  - Qin, Tao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In the global outbreak of covid-19, people are self-isolating at home, cities are blocked, and schools, museums, and stores are closed.1 Medical students and retired doctors are convened to deal with covid-19,23 but there are still no effective drugs or vaccines. The World Health Organization’s 2016 guidance on ethical issues in infectious diseases …
JO  - BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1369-m1369
SP  - m1369
EP  - m1369
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1369
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32245769
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: Increased demand for steroid inhalers causes "distressing" shortages
AU  - Mahase, Elisabeth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Steroid inhaler manufacturers are experiencing “significant demand” as people in the UK try to stock up in light of the covid-19 pandemic, causing “distressing shortages,” the Department of Health and Social Care has warned. Several inhalers have been listed as out of stock by All About Health1—which distributes pharmaceutical and healthcare products to pharmacies, hospitals, and doctors across the UK—including Clenil (beclomethasone) made by Italian pharmaceutical company Chiesi. The …
JO  - BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1393-m1393
SP  - m1393
EP  - m1393
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1393
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32245751
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: PHE upgrades PPE advice for all patient contacts with risk of infection
AU  - Sayburn, Anna
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - New guidelines on use of personal protective equipment (PPE) by healthcare workers significantly expands the potential use of eye protection and fluid resistant surgical masks, including to doctors carrying out face-to-face assessments where a patient’s risk of covid-19 is unknown.1 The updated guidance from Public Health England, which is in line with World Health Organization recommendations, allows for local risk assessment in hospitals and primary care. GPs, staff in emergency or acute admissions units, and others who assess or treat patients without high risk symptoms but in areas of high transmission of covid-19 should wear aprons, surgical masks, eye protection, and gloves where the risk of droplet transmission is thought to warrant it (table 1). View this table: Table 1 What should you use when? This change “reflects the fact that coronavirus is now widespread in the community,” and so doctors are more likely to see patients infected with …
JO  - BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1391-m1391
SP  - m1391
EP  - m1391
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1391
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32245770
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mathematical Analysis of the Ross–Macdonald Model with Quarantine
AU  - Jin, Xiulei
AU  - Jin, Shuwan
AU  - Gao, Daozhou
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - People infected with malaria may receive less mosquito bites when they are treated in well-equipped hospitals or follow doctors’ advice for reducing exposure to mosquitoes at home. This quarantine-like intervention measure is especially feasible in countries and areas approaching malaria elimination. Motivated by mathematical models with quarantine for directly transmitted diseases, we develop a mosquito-borne disease model where imperfect quarantine is considered to mitigate the disease transmission from infected humans to susceptible mosquitoes. The basic reproduction number $$\mathcal {R}_0$$ is computed and the model equilibria and their stabilities are analyzed when the incidence rate is standard or bilinear. In particular, the model system may undergo a subcritical (backward) bifurcation at $$\mathcal {R}_0=1$$ when standard incidence is adopted, whereas the disease-free equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable as $$\mathcal {R}_0\le 1$$ and the unique endemic equilibrium is locally asymptotically stable as $$\mathcal {R}_0>1$$ when the infection incidence is bilinear. Numerical simulations suggest that the quarantine strategy can play an important role in decreasing malaria transmission. The success of quarantine mainly relies on the reduction of bites on quarantined individuals.
JO  - Bulletin of Mathematical Biology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 82
IS  - 4
PG  - 47-47
SP  - 47
EP  - 47
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11538-020-00723-0
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11538-020-00723-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - In reply: Uncertainty in using chest computed tomography in early coronavirus disease (COVID-19)
AU  - Chen, Rong
AU  - Meng, Qing-tao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Canadian Journal of Anesthesia/Journal canadien d'anesthésie
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12630-020-01640-5
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12630-020-01640-5
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clear plastic drapes may be effective at limiting aerosolization and droplet spray during extubation: implications for COVID-19
AU  - Matava, Clyde T.
AU  - Yu, Julie
AU  - Denning, Simon
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Canadian Journal of Anesthesia/Journal canadien d'anesthésie
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12630-020-01649-w
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12630-020-01649-w
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Uncertainty in using chest computed tomography in early coronavirus disease (COVID-19)
AU  - Mungmunpuntipantip, Rujittika
AU  - Wiwanitkit, Viroj
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Canadian Journal of Anesthesia/Journal canadien d'anesthésie
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-1
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12630-020-01639-y
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12630-020-01639-y
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Rapid Scholarly Dissemination and Cardiovascular Community Engagement to Combat the Infodemic of the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Vervoort, Dominique
AU  - Ma, Xiya
AU  - Luc, Jessica G. Y.
AU  - Zieroth, Shelley
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Canadian Journal of Cardiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cjca.2020.03.042
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0828282X20303159
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [COVID-19: a time of crisis, but also of surgical opportunity and optimism]
AU  - Ball, Chad G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Canadian journal of surgery. Journal canadien de chirurgie
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 63
IS  - 2
PG  - 1-1
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1503/cjs.003920
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Embracing the Landscape of Therapeutics
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Cell
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 181
IS  - 1
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.cell.2020.03.025
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2020.03.025 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0092867420302877
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 infections in engineered human tissues using clinical-grade soluble human ACE2
AU  - Monteil, Vanessa
AU  - Kwon, Hyesoo
AU  - Prado, Patricia
AU  - Hagelkrüys, Astrid
AU  - Wimmer, Reiner A.
AU  - Stahl, Martin
AU  - Leopoldi, Alexandra
AU  - Garreta, Elena
AU  - Pozo, Carmen Hurtado del
AU  - Prosper, Felipe
AU  - Romero, J. P.
AU  - Wirnsberger, Gerald
AU  - Zhang, Haibo
AU  - Slutsky, Arthur S.
AU  - Conder, Ryan
AU  - Nuria
AU  - Montserrat
AU  - Mirazimi, Ali
AU  - Penninger, Josef M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We have previously provided the first genetic evidence that Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is the critical receptor for SARS-CoV and that ACE2 protects the lung from injury, providing a molecular explanation for the severe lung failure and death due to SARS-CoV infections. ACE2 has now also been identified as a key receptor for SARS-CoV-2 infections and it has been proposed that inhibiting this interaction might be used in treating patients with COVID19. However, it is not known whether human recombinant soluble ACE2 (hrsACE2) blocks growth of SARS-CoV-2. Here we show that clinical grade hrsACE2 reduced SARS-CoV-2 recovery from Vero cells by a factor of 1,000-5,000. An equivalent mouse rsACE2 had no effect. We also show that SARS-CoV-2 can directly infect engineered human blood vessel organoids and human kidney organoids, which can be inhibited by hrsACE2. These data demonstrate that hrsACE2 can significantly block early stages of SARS-CoV-2 infections.
JO  - Cell & Bioscience
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.cell.com/pb-assets/products/coronavirus/CELL_CELL-D-20-00739.pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A dynamic immune response shapes COVID-19 progression
AU  - Eugenia Ziying Ong, Yvonne Fu Zi Chan
AU  - Lee, Wan Ying Leong Natalie Mei Ying
AU  - Shirin
AU  - Kalimuddin, Salahudeen Mohamed Haja Mohideen
AU  - Chan, Kian Sing
AU  - Tan, Anthony Tanoto
AU  - Bertoletti, Antonio
AU  - Ooi, Eng Eong
AU  - Jenny Guek Hong, Low
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The inflammatory response to SARS-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is thought to underpin COVID-19 pathogenesis. We conducted daily transcriptomic profiling of three COVID-19 cases and found that the early immune response in COVID-19 patients is highly dynamic. Patient throat swabs were tested daily for SARS-CoV-2 with the virus persisting for 3-4 weeks in all three patients. Cytokine analyses of whole blood revealed increased cytokine expression in the single more severe case. However, most inflammatory gene expression peaked after respiratory function nadir, except those in the IL1 pathway. Parallel analyses of CD4 and CD8 expression suggested that the pro-inflammatory response may be intertwined with T-cell activation that could exacerbate disease or prolong the infection. Collectively, these findings hint at the possibility that IL1 and related pro-inflammatory pathways may be prognostic and serve as therapeutic targets for COVID-19. This work may also guide future studies to illuminate COVID-19 pathogenesis and develop host-directed therapies.
JO  - Cell Press
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - An infectious cDNA clone of SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Xuping Xie1*, Antonio Muruato Kumari G. Lokugamage
AU  - Narayanan, Krishna
AU  - Xianwen
AU  - Zhang
AU  - Zou, Jing
AU  - Liu, Jianying
AU  - Schindewolf, Craig
AU  - Bopp, Nathen E.
AU  - Aguilar, Patricia V.
AU  - Kenneth S. Plante, Scott C. Weaver Shinji Makino
AU  - LeDuc, James W.
AU  - D, Vineet
AU  - Shi, Menachery Pei-Yong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The ongoing pandemic of COVID-19, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), underscores the urgency to develop experimental systems for studying this virus and identifying countermeasures. We report a reverse genetic system for SARS-CoV-2. Seven cDNA fragments spanning the SARS-CoV-2 genome were assembled into a full-genome cDNA. RNA transcribed from the full-genome cDNA was highly infectious after electroporation into cells, producing 2.9×106 PFU/ml of virus. Compared with a clinical isolate, the infectious clone-derived SARS-CoV-2 (icSARS-CoV-2) exhibited similar plaque morphology, viral RNA profile, and replication kinetics. Additionally, icSARS-CoV-2 retained engineered molecular markers and did not acquire other mutations. A stable mNeonGreen SARS-CoV-2 (icSARS-CoV2-mNG) was generated by introducing this reporter gene into OFR7 of the viral genome. icSARSCoV-2-mNG was successfully used to evaluate the antiviral activities of interferon. Collectively, the reverse genetic system and reporter virus provide key reagents to study SARS-CoV-2 and develop countermeasures.
JO  - Cell Press
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://marlin-prod.literatumonline.com/pb-assets/products/coronavirus/CHOM_2291_s50_preproof.pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Traditional Chinese Medicine: an effective treatment for 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP)
AU  - Du, H. Z.
AU  - Hou, X. Y.
AU  - Miao, Y. H.
AU  - Huang, B. S.
AU  - Liu, D. H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus pneumonia broke out in 2019 and spread rapidly. In 30 different countries, there are over seventy thousand patients have been diagnosed in total. Therefore, it is urgent to develop the effective program to prevent and treat for the novel coronavirus pneumonia. In view of Traditional Chinese Medicine has accumulated a solid theoretical foundation of plague in ancient and recent decades. Meanwhile, Traditional Chinese Medicine can provide the more effective and personalized treatment via adjusting the specific medicine for each patient based on the different syndromes. In addition, TCM often has different effect on the distinct stages of diseases, contributing to the prevention, treatment and rehabilitation. Nowadays, TCM has exhibited decent effect in the in the fight against NCP. Therefore, it is convinced that Traditional Chinese Medicine is an effective treatment for 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 18
IS  - 3
PG  - 206-210
SP  - 206
EP  - 210
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1875-5364(20)30022-4
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005433670 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1875-5364(20)30022-4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The twitter pandemic: The critical role of twitter in the dissemination of medical information and misinformation during the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Rosenberg, Hans
AU  - Syed, Shahbaz
AU  - Rezaie, Salim
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - CJEM
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-7
SP  - 1
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/cem.2020.361
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/twitter-pandemic-the-critical-role-of-twitter-in-the-dissemination-of-medical-information-and-misinformation-during-the-covid19-pandemic/9F42C2D99CA00FBAE50A66D107322211
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - WhatsApp messenger as a teledermatology tool during coronavirus disease (COVID-19): From Bedside to Phone-side
AU  - Deepak, J.
AU  - Subuhi, K.
AU  - Ishmeet, K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - ABSTRACT The current coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has forced the shutdown of many non-essential services in most of the high-risk countries. Most of the consultations (except emergencies) in dermatology are deferred as a precautionary measure to prevent the spread of COVID-19
JO  - Clinical and Experimental Dermatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/ced.14227
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/ced.14227
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Significance of clinical phenomes of patients with COVID-19 infection: A learning from 3795 patients in 80 reports
AU  - Zhang, Linlin
AU  - Wang, Diane C.
AU  - Huang, Qihong
AU  - Wang, Xiangdong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract A new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has caused outbreaks in multiple countries and the number of cases is rapidly increasing through human-to-human transmission. Clinical phenomes of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection are critical in distinguishing it from other respiratory infections. The extent and characteristics of those phenomes varied depending on the severities of the infection, for example, beginning with fever or a mild cough, progressed with signs of pneumonia, and worsened with severe or even fatal respiratory difficulty in acute respiratory distress syndrome. We summarized clinical phenomes of 3795 patients with COVID-19 based on 80 published reports from the onset of outbreak to March 2020 to emphasize the importance and specificity of those phenomes in diagnosis and treatment of infection, and evaluate the impact on medical services. The data show that the incidence of male patients was higher than that of females and the level of C-reaction protein was increased as well as most patients' imaging included ground-glass opacity. Clinical phenomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection were compared with those of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV infections. There is an urgent need to develop an artificial intelligence-based machine learning capacity to analyze and integrate radiomics- or imaging-based, patient-based, clinician-based, and molecular measurements-based data to fight the outbreak of COVID-19 and enable more efficient responses to unknown infections in future.
JO  - Clinical and Translational Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/ctm2.17
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/ctm2.17
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Potential false-negative nucleic acid testing results for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 from thermal inactivation of samples with low viral loads
AU  - Pan, Yang
AU  - Long, Luyao
AU  - Zhang, Daitao
AU  - Yan, Tingting
AU  - Cui, Shujuan
AU  - Yang, Peng
AU  - Wang, Quanyi
AU  - Ren, Simei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND Corona Virus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) has spread widely throughout the world since the end of 2019. Nucleic acid testing (NAT) has played an important role in patient diagnosis and management of COVID-19. In some circumstances, thermal inactivation at 56 °C has been recommended to inactivate Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) before NAT. However, this procedure could theoretically disrupt nucleic acid integrity of this single-stranded RNA virus and cause false negatives in real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) tests. METHODS We investigated whether thermal inactivation could affect the results of viral NAT. We examined the effects of thermal inactivation on the quantitative RT-PCR results of SARS-CoV-2 particularly with regard to the rates of false-negative results for specimens carrying low viral loads. We additionally investigated the effects of different specimen types, sample preservation times and a chemical inactivation approach on NAT. RESULTS Our work showed increased Ct values in specimens from diagnosed COVID-19 patients in RT-PCR tests after thermal incubation. Moreover, about half of the weak-positive samples (7 of 15 samples, 46.7%) were RT-PCR negative after heat inactivation in at least one parallel testing. The use of guanidinium-based lysis for preservation of these specimens had a smaller impact on RT-PCR results with fewer false negatives (2 of 15 samples, 13.3%) and significantly less increase in Ct values than heat inactivation. CONCLUSION Thermal inactivation adversely affected the efficiency of RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2 detection. Given the limited applicability associated with chemical inactivators, other approaches to ensure the overall protection of laboratory personnel need consideration.
JO  - Clinical chemistry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/clinchem/hvaa091
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/clinchem/advance-article/doi/10.1093/clinchem/hvaa091/5815979 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32246822
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical laboratory and SARS-CoV-2 infection: where do we stand?
AU  - Galli, Claudio
AU  - Plebani, Mario
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1515/cclm-2020-0372
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - One disease, different features: COVID-19 laboratory and radiological findings in three Italian patients
AU  - Tosato, Francesca
AU  - Giraudo, Chiara
AU  - Pelloso, Michela
AU  - Musso, Giulia
AU  - Piva, Elisa
AU  - Plebani, Mario
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1515/cclm-2020-0319
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Laboratory diagnostics within a modular hospital at the time of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan
AU  - Yusong, Liu
AU  - Duanliang, Peng
AU  - Jia, Yang
AU  - Dunyan, Chen
AU  - Hongbing, Jia
AU  - Siyuan, Yu
AU  - Huanhuan, Chen
AU  - Juan, Zhao
AU  - Lyurong, Liu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - An outbreak of the so-called Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has been spreading rapidly nationwide in China since December 2019. Wuhan, Hubei Province, is the hardest-hit region, with a rise in confirmed cases and its hospitals overwhelmed. On 2nd February, 2020, Wuhan began to build a modular hospital to treat patients caught with mild illness. The mobile modular hospital is mainly composed of medical modules, technical support modules, ward units, living support units and transportation capacity under field conditions, and there are complete equipment and specialized personnel to treat patients. Due to the severity and particularity of SARS-CoV-2, taking granted from lessons learnt from mobile modular hospitals, we use the existing large venues to construct a new fixed modular hospital. As patients need to be treated and tested, it is important to develop a clinical laboratory in the modular hospital and ensure biosafety. The construction of a clinical laboratory in the modular hospital is faced with problems such as time pressure, limited site selection, high level of biosafety, lack of experience and so forth. This paper mainly discusses how to construct the clinical laboratory in the modular hospital quickly and safely and put it into use to provide testing service for patients under various limited conditions.
JO  - Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1515/cclm-2020-0332
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Decreased "WBC*LYM" was observed in SARS-CoV-2-infected patients from a fever clinic in Wuhan
AU  - Zhang, Chi
AU  - Zhang, Linjing
AU  - Chen, Xing
AU  - Zhang, Hui
AU  - Fei, Yang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1515/cclm-2020-0270
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - New measures for COVID-19 response: a lesson from the Wenzhou experience
AU  - Ruan, Linhui
AU  - Wen, Min
AU  - Zeng, Qingrun
AU  - Chen, Chengshui
AU  - Huang, Shengwei
AU  - Yang, Su
AU  - Yang, Jianjing
AU  - Wang, Jingqiang
AU  - Hu, Yuhuan
AU  - Ding, Saidan
AU  - Zhang, Ying
AU  - Zhang, Hongxia
AU  - Feng, Yuanjing
AU  - Jin, Kunlin
AU  - ZhuGe, Qichuan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>As the outbreak of COVID-19 has spread globally, determining how to prevent the spread is of paramount importance. We reported the effectiveness of different responses of four affected cities in preventing the COVID-19 spread. We expect Wenzhou anti-COVID-19 measures may provide experience for cities around the world that are experiencing this epidemic.</p>
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa386
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa386/5815716
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Lessons from the Experience in Wuhan to Reduce Risk of COVID-19 Infection in Patients Undergoing Long-Term Hemodialysis
AU  - Li, Junhua
AU  - Xu, Gang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2215/CJN.03420320
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - This Spring Is Different
AU  - Fulton, Janet S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical Nurse Specialist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 34
IS  - 3
PG  - 92
SP  - 92
EP  - 
AN  - 00002800-202005000-00002
DO  - 10.1097/nur.0000000000000524
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/cns-journal/Fulltext/2020/05000/This_Spring_Is_Different.2.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Health services provision of 48 public tertiary dental hospitals during the COVID-19 epidemic in China
AU  - Yang, Yang
AU  - Zhou, Yin
AU  - Liu, Xiaoqiang
AU  - Tan, Jianguo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - To assess the status of health services provision of public tertiary dental hospitals during the COVID-19 epidemic in China and to evaluate the regional difference of telehealth. The health services provision of public tertiary dental hospitals in China mainland during the COVID-19 epidemic was inquired. The status of non-emergency dental services, emergency dental services, and online professional consultation and the hospitals’ geographical distribution were recorded and analyzed. All the 48 public tertiary dental hospitals suspended general non-emergency dental treatment while providing emergency dental services only. Ninety percent of them notified the change of dental services online, and 69% of them offered free online professional consultations. The penetration rate of online technology was significantly higher in the eastern region than that of the central and western regions. There was a significant change in the health service provision of Chinese public tertiary dental hospitals during the COVID-19 epidemic and wider use of telehealth in the eastern region. This report demonstrated that dental health services were significantly affected by the COVID-19 epidemic in China, which might lead to a long-time impact on dental care in the future.
JO  - Clinical Oral Investigations
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00784-020-03267-8
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00784-020-03267-8
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: protecting our ENT workforce
AU  - Tysome, James R.
AU  - Bhutta, Mahmood F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract As we write at the end of March 2020, the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic is posing an urgent and significant threat to global health. It has become clear that the healthcare worker army that forms the front line are also at increased risk of exposure to the SARS-CoV-2 virus that causes this disease. In China 3.8% of all cases of COVID-19 were in healthcare workers, but 14.8% of those had severe or critical disease.1
JO  - Clinical Otolaryngology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/coa.13542
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/coa.13542
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Favipiravir: pharmacokinetics and concerns about clinical trials for 2019-nCoV infection
AU  - Du, Yin-Xiao
AU  - Chen, Xiao-Ping
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract An outbreak of 2019-nCoV infection in China has spread across the world. No specific antiviral drugs have been approved for the treatment of COVID-2019. In addition to the recommended antiviral drugs such as interferon-?, lopinavir/ritonavir, ribavirin, and chloroquine phosphate, some clinical trials focusing on virus RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) inhibitors have been registered and initiated. Favipiravir, a purine nucleic acid analog and potent RdRp inhibitor approved for use in influenza, is also considered in several clinical trials. Herein, we summarized the pharmacokinetic characteristics of favipiravir and possible drug-drug interactions from the view of drug metabolism. We hope this will be helpful for the design of clinical trials for favipiravir in COVID-2019, as data regarding in vitro virus inhibition and efficacy in preclinical animal studies are still not available.
JO  - Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/cpt.1844
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/cpt.1844
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The COVID-19 pandemic: Important considerations for contact lens practitioners
AU  - Jones, Lyndon
AU  - Walsh, Karen
AU  - Willcox, Mark
AU  - Morgan, Philip
AU  - Nichols, Jason
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A novel coronavirus (CoV), the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus - 2 (SARS-CoV-2), results in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). As information concerning the COVID-19 disease continues to evolve, patients look to their eye care practitioners for accurate eye health guidance. There is currently no evidence to suggest an increased risk of contracting COVID-19 through contact lens (CL) wear compared to spectacle lens wear and no scientific evidence that wearing standard prescription spectacles provides protection against COVID-19 or other viral transmissions. During the pandemic there will potentially be significant changes in access to local eyecare. Thus, it is imperative CL wearers are reminded of the steps they should follow to minimise their risk of complications, to reduce their need to leave isolation and seek care. Management of adverse events should be retained within optometric systems if possible, to minimise the impact on the wider healthcare service, which will be stretched. Optimal CL care behaviours should be the same as those under normal circumstances, which include appropriate hand washing (thoroughly with soap and water) and drying (with paper towels) before both CL application and removal. Daily CL cleaning and correct case care for reusable CL should be followed according to appropriate guidelines, and CL exposure to water must be avoided. Where the availability of local clinical care is restricted, practitioners should consider advising patients to reduce or eliminate sleeping in their CL (where patients have the appropriate knowledge about correct daily care and access to suitable lens-care products) or consider the option of moving patients to daily disposable lenses (where patients have appropriate lens supplies available). Patients should also avoid touching their face, including their eyes, nose and mouth, with unwashed hands and avoid CL wear altogether if unwell (particularly with any cold or flu-like symptoms).
JO  - Contact Lens and Anterior Eye
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clae.2020.03.012
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1367048420300552
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Effects of COVID 19 pandemic in daily life
AU  - Haleem, Abid
AU  - Javaid, Mohd
AU  - Vaishya, Raju
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Current Medicine Research and Practice
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmrp.2020.03.011
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352081720300386
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Telemental Health in the Context of a Pandemic: the COVID-19 Experience
AU  - Whaibeh, Emile
AU  - Mahmoud, Hossam
AU  - Naal, Hady
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-5
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s40501-020-00210-2
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s40501-020-00210-2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Akute Ausweitung von inhalativem Sauerstoff in einer Pandemie
AU  - Kober, B.
AU  - Dötsch, M.
AU  - Götzelmann, E.
AU  - Vogel, M.
AU  - Eble, M.
AU  - Wenzel, V.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Der Anaesthesist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00101-020-00774-x
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00101-020-00774-x
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Legal Issues of Resource Allocation in the COVID-19 Pandemic - Between Utilitarianism and Life Value Indifference TT - Rechtsfragen der Ressourcenzuteilung in derCOVID-19-Pandemie - Zwischen Utilitarismus und Lebenswertindifferenz
AU  - Hubner, Joachim
AU  - Schewe, Denis M.
AU  - Katalinic, Alexander
AU  - Frielitz, Fabian- S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 pandemic poses unprecedented challenges for the German health care system. What is already the case in some other countries, may occur in Germany in the near future also: Faced with limited ICU resources, doctors will be forced to decide which patients to treat and which to let die. This paper examines the legal implications of such decisions. It takes up arguments from the general discussion on prioritization in medicine. A constitutional hurdle for the application of utilitarian criteria (in particular patients' age or social role) comes from the principle that every human life is of equal value and must not be traded off against others ("life value indifference"). However, the limits that the Grundgesetz (German Basic Law) sets for state actions do not apply directly to doctors. According to the Musterberufsordnung (professional code of conduct), doctors act based on their conscience and the requirements of medical ethics and humanity. The implications of this normative standard for the prioritizing in an exceptional situation as the COVID 19 pandemic have not been sufficiently clarified. This uncertainty leads to emotional and moral burdens for doctors. The authors conclude that the German law grants a limited freedom of choice that allows physicians to apply utilitarian criteria in addition to purely medical decision algorithms.
JO  - Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1055/a-1146-1160
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Los derechos humanos de los niños con discapacidad durante emergencias sanitarias: el desafío de COVID-19
AU  - Schiariti, Verónica
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/dmcn.14529
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/dmcn.14529
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Telemedicine for Diabetes Care in India during COVID19 Pandemic and National Lockdown Period: Guidelines for Physicians
AU  - Ghosh, Amerta
AU  - Gupta, Ritesh
AU  - Misra, Anoop
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background and Aims In view of restrictions on mobility of patients because of COVID-19 pandemic, face-to-face consultations are difficult. We sought to study the feasibility of telemedicine in this scenario. Methods PubMed database and Google Scholar were searched using the key terms ‘telemedicine’, ‘diabetes’, ‘COVID-19’up to 31ST March 2020. In addition, existing guidelines including those by Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MOHFW), Government of India were accessed. Results We discuss evidence and general guidelines regarding role of telemedicine in patients with diabetes along with its utility and limitations. Conclusions Telemedicine is a useful tool for managing patients of diabetes during this lockdown period. However, there is limited data and further research is required.
JO  - Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1871402120300606
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Infection in italian people with diabetes: lessons learned for our future (an experience to be used)
AU  - Gentile, Sandro
AU  - Strollo, Felice
AU  - Ceriello, Antonio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 108137-108137
SP  - 108137
EP  - 108137
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108137
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168822720303879
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Will children reveal their secret? The coronavirus dilemma
AU  - Cristiani, Luca
AU  - Mancino, Enrica
AU  - Matera, Luigi
AU  - Nenna, Raffaella
AU  - Pierangeli, Alessandra
AU  - Scagnolari, Carolina
AU  - Midulla, Fabio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Epidemiological evidences show that SARS-CoV-2 infection in children is less frequent and severe than adults. Age-related ACE2 receptor expression, lymphocyte count and trained immunity might be the keystone to reveal children's secret.
JO  - The European respiratory journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1183/13993003.00749-2020
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - AMA COVID-19 recommendations: MAT, pain and harm reduction
AU  - Knopf, Alison
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Last month, the American Medical Association (AMA) made recommendations to help guide policymakers in reducing the stress experienced by patients with opioid use disorder (OUD) and pain, and urges the support of harm reduction.
JO  - Alcoholism & Drug Abuse Weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 32
IS  - 14
PG  - 5-6
SP  - 5
EP  - 6
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/adaw.32681
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/adaw.32681
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Pneumonia as a Cause of Acute Chest Syndrome in an Adult Sickle Cell Patient
AU  - Beerkens, Frans
AU  - John, Mira
AU  - Puliafito, Benjamin
AU  - Corbett, Virginia
AU  - Edwards, Colleen
AU  - Tremblay, Douglas
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - American Journal of Hematology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/ajh.25809
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/ajh.25809
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Narrative medicine: thinking with stories during The Plague
AU  - Florijn, Barend W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The American Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2020.02.035
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S000293432030231X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Two Cases of COVID-19 Related Cardiomyopathy in Pregnancy
AU  - Juusela, Alexander
AU  - Nazir, Munir
AU  - Gimovsky, Martin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In our institution, 2 of the initial 7 (28.6%; 95% CI 8.2%-64.1%) pregnant patients with confirmed COVID-19 severe infection developed cardiac dysfunction with moderately reduced left ventricular ejection fractions (LVEF) of 40%-45% and hypokinesis. Viral myocarditis and cardiomyopathy have been reported in non-pregnant COVID-19 patients. A case series of non-pregnant COVID-19 patients demonstrated that 33% of those in intensive care developed cardiomyopathy. More data are needed to ascertain the incidence of cardiomyopathy from COVID-19 in pregnancy, in all pregnant COVID-19 women, as well as those with severe (e.g. pneumonia) disease. We suggest an echocardiogram in pregnant women with COVID-19 pneumonia, in particular those necessitating oxygen, or critically ill, and we recommend handheld, point-of-care devices where possible to minimize contamination of staff and traditional, large echocardiogram machines.
JO  - American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology MFM
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 100113-100113
SP  - 100113
EP  - 100113
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajogmf.2020.100113
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589933320300434
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Upper airway symptoms in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
AU  - Lovato, Andrea
AU  - de Filippis, Cosimo
AU  - Marioni, Gino
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - American Journal of Otolaryngology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 102474-102474
SP  - 102474
EP  - 102474
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjoto.2020.102474
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0196070920301563
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical Features of 85 Fatal Cases of COVID-19 from Wuhan: A Retrospective Observational Study
AU  - Du, Yingzhen
AU  - Tu, Lei
AU  - Zhu, Pingjun
AU  - Mu, Mi
AU  - Wang, Runsheng
AU  - Yang, Pengcheng
AU  - Wang, Xi
AU  - Hu, Chao
AU  - Ping, Rongyu
AU  - Hu, Peng
AU  - Li, Tianzhi
AU  - Cao, Feng
AU  - Chang, Christopher
AU  - Hu, Qinyong
AU  - Jin, Yang
AU  - Xu, Guogang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: The global death toll from COVID-19 virus exceeds 21000. The risk factors for death were attributed to advanced age and co-morbidities, but haven't been accurately defined. OBJECTIVES: To report the clinical features of 85 fatal cases with COVID-19 in two hospitals in Wuhan. METHOD: Medical records of 85 fatal cases of COVID-19 between January 9 and February 15, 2020 were collected. Information recorded included medical history, exposure history, comorbidities, symptoms, laboratory findings, CT scans and clinical management. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The median age of the patients was 65.8 years and 72.9% were male. Common symptoms were fever (78 [91.8%]), shortness of breath (50 [58.8%]), fatigue (50 [58.8%]), dyspnea (60 [70.6%]). Hypertension, diabetes and coronary heart disease were the most common comorbidities. Notably, 81.2% patients had very low eosinophil counts at admission. Complications included respiratory failure (80 [94.1%]), shock (69 [81.2%]), ARDS (63 [74.1%]), arrhythmia (51 [60%]), etc. Most patients received antibiotic (77 [90.6%]), antiviral (78 [91.8%]) and glucocorticoids (65 [76.5%]) treatments. 38 patients [44.7%] and 33 [38.8%] received intravenous immunoglobulin and interferon α2b respectively. CONCLUSIONS: In this depictive study of 85 fatal cases of COVID-19, most cases were male aged over 50 years old with noncommunicable chronic diseases. The majority of the patients died of multiple organ failure. Early onset of shortness of breath may be used as an observational symptom for COVID-19 exacerbations. Eosinophilopenia may indicate a poor prognosis. The combination of anti-microbial drugs did not offer considerable benefit to the outcome of this group of patients. This article is open access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives License 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
JO  - American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1164/rccm.202003-0543OC
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Differential Diagnosis for Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): Beyond Radiologic Features
AU  - Lei, Pinggui
AU  - Fan, Bing
AU  - Wang, Pingxian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - American Journal of Roentgenology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - W1-W1
SP  - W1
EP  - W1
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2214/AJR.20.23119
UR  - https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.20.23119
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The COVID-19 outbreak in Italy: initial implications for organ transplantation programs
AU  - Angelico, R.
AU  - Trapani, S.
AU  - Manzia, T. M.
AU  - Lombardini, L.
AU  - Tisone, G.
AU  - Cardillo, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract The spread of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has already reached a pandemic dimension within few weeks. Italy has been one of the first countries dealing with the outbreak of COVID-19 and severe measures have been adopted to limit viral transmission. The spread of COVID-19 may have several implications in organ transplant activity that physicians should be aware of. The initial experience gained during the COVID-19 outbreak shows that around 10% of infected patients in Italy need intensive care management to overcome the acute respiratory distress syndrome. Due to the exponential rise of infected patients we are now facing an actual risk of saturation of intensive care unit (ICU) beds. A restriction in the number of ICU beds available for both donors and transplant recipients may unfavorably influence the overall donation activity, and eventually lead to a reduced number of transplants. Preliminary Italian data show that a 25% reduction of procured organs has already occurred during the first 4 weeks of COVID-19 outbreak. This underlines the need to closely monitor what will be further happening in ICUs due to the COVID-19 spread in the attempt to preserve transplant activity, especially in Western countries where deceased donors represent the major organ resource.
JO  - American Journal of Transplantation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/ajt.15904
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/ajt.15904
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Immunosuppression drug-related and clinical manifestation of Coronavirus disease 2019: a therapeutical hypothesis
AU  - Antonio, Romanelli
AU  - Silvia, Mascolo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract We read with interest the article of Guillen et al. 1. Here, the authors described the management of a kidney transplanted patient infected by SARS-CoV-2 that causes novel Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The authors stated that immunosuppressed patients might present with atypical clinical manifestation (fever, diarrhea, fatigue) without respiratory symptoms. Also Li and colleagues 2 reported SARS-CoV-2 infection in two solid organ transplanted patients. The two heart transplanted patients presented with variable severity of COVID-19 (one mild and another with more severe manifestations requiring a prolonged hospitalization), however, both survived the event.
JO  - American Journal of Transplantation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/ajt.15905
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/ajt.15905
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Successful Treatment of Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia in a Liver Transplant Recipient
AU  - Bin, Liu
AU  - Yangzhong, Wang
AU  - Yuanyuan, Zhao
AU  - Huibo, Shi
AU  - Fanjun, Zeng
AU  - Zhishui, Chen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic spreads rapidly and may be an increasing challenge for transplant community. Clinical data on COVID-19 infection in transplant population is very limited. Herein we presented the clinical course and outcome of a 50-year-old male post liver transplantation who contracted COVID-19, with subsequent infection of his wife. The process of illness was representative. A therapeutic regime with temporary immunosuppression withdrawal and systemic low-dose corticosteroid as principle was involved in the management of the patient which made him recover from severe COVID-19 pneumonia.
JO  - American Journal of Transplantation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/ajt.15901
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/ajt.15901
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A familial cluster, including a kidney transplant recipient, of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China
AU  - Chen, Song
AU  - Yin, Qin
AU  - Shi, Huibo
AU  - Du, Dunfeng
AU  - Chang, Sheng
AU  - Ni, Li
AU  - Qiu, Haifang
AU  - Chen, Zhishui
AU  - Zhang, Jixian
AU  - Zhang, Weijie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract In December 2019, an outbreak of COVID-19 occurred in Wuhan, China, and spread to the whole of China and to multiple countries worldwide. Unlike SARS and MERS, where secondary transmission mostly occurred in hospital settings, COVID-19 transmission occurs in large numbers within families. Herein we report three cases of a familial cluster with one family member being a kidney transplant recipient. The initial clinical symptoms of COVID-19 in these three patients were the same, but their progression was different. Based on the severity of clinical symptoms, chest computer tomography findings and SARS-Cov-2 RNA test results, we admitted the husband to the respiratory intensive care unit (RICU) and used a treatment consisting of immunosuppressant reduction/cessation and low dose methylprednisolone-based therapy, and his wife to the respiratory isolation ward. In contrast, the son received in-home isolation and home-based care. All three family members made a full recovery.
JO  - American Journal of Transplantation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/ajt.15903
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/ajt.15903
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in post-transplantation patients- report of two cases
AU  - Huang, Jiaofeng
AU  - Lin, Heng
AU  - Wu, Yinlian
AU  - Fang, Yingying
AU  - Kumar, Rahul
AU  - Chen, Gongping
AU  - Lin, Su
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a pandemic since March 2020. We describe here, two cases of COVID-19 infection in a post-transplant setting. First one is a 59-year old renal transplant recipient; the second is a 51-year old allogeneic bone marrow transplant recipient. Both patients were on immunosuppressant therapy and had stable graft function before COVID-19 infection. After the diagnosis of COVID-19, immunosuppressive agents were discontinued and methylprednisolone with prophylactic antibiotics were initiated, however, the lung injury progressed. The T cells were extremely low in both patients after infection. Both patients died despite the maximal mechanical ventilatory support. Therefore, the prognosis of COVID-19 pneumonia following transplantation is not optimistic and remains guarded. Lower T cell count may be a surrogate for poor outcome.
JO  - American Journal of Transplantation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/ajt.15896
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/ajt.15896
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS Cov2 infection in a renal transplanted patients. A case report
AU  - Seminari, Elena
AU  - Colaneri, Marta
AU  - Sambo, Margherita
AU  - Gallazzi, Ilaria
AU  - Di Matteo, Angela
AU  - Silvia, Roda
AU  - Bruno, Raffaele
AU  - Force, The Covid Irccs San Matteo Pavia Task
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract The clinical manifestation of COVID-19 can vary from an asymptomatic course to ARDS requiring invasive mechanical ventilation and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. A kidney transplanted patient infected with SARS CoV2 infection showed a mild disease despite immune suppression. It is possible that Immunosuppression can ?be protective? as the cytokine storm is an important factor in the disease story. Despite the good outcome reported in the present case report, is remains of vital importance the solid organ transplant patients use precautions in order to avoid the infection.
JO  - American Journal of Transplantation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/ajt.15902
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/ajt.15902
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Hospital surge capacity in a tertiary emergency referral centre during the COVID-19 outbreak in Italy
AU  - Carenzo, L.
AU  - Costantini, E.
AU  - Greco, M.
AU  - Barra, F. L.
AU  - Rendiniello, V.
AU  - Mainetti, M.
AU  - Bui, R.
AU  - Zanella, A.
AU  - Grasselli, G.
AU  - Lagioia, M.
AU  - Protti, A.
AU  - Cecconi, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Summary The first person-to-person transmission of the 2019-novel coronavirus in Italy on 21 February 2020 led to an infection chain that represents one of the largest known COVID-19 outbreaks outside Asia. In Northern Italy in particular, we rapidly experienced a critical care crisis due to a shortage of intensive care beds, as we expected according to data reported in China. Based on our experience of managing this surge, we produced this review to support other healthcare services in preparedness and training of hospitals during the current coronavirus outbreak. We had a dedicated task force that identified a response plan, which included: (1) establishment of dedicated, cohorted intensive care unit(s) (ICU) for COVID-19-positive patients; (2) design of appropriate procedures for pre-triage, diagnosis and isolation of suspected and confirmed cases; and (3) training of all staff to work in the dedicated ICU in personal protective equipment use and patient management. Hospital multidisciplinary and departmental collaboration was needed to work on all principles of surge capacity, including: space definition; supplies provision; staff recruitment; and ad-hoc training. Dedicated protocols were applied where full isolation of spaces, staff and patients was implemented. Opening the unit and the whole hospital emergency process required a multidisciplinary, multilevel involvement of healthcare providers and hospital managers all working towards a common goal: patient care and hospital safety. Hospitals should be prepared to face severe disruptions to their routine and it is very likely that protocols and procedures might require re-discussion and update on a daily basis.
JO  - Anaesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/anae.15072
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/anae.15072
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Personal protective equipment during the COVID-19 pandemic – a narrative review
AU  - Cook, T. M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Summary Personal protective equipment has become an important and emotive subject during the current coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemic. COVID-19 is predominantly caused by contact or droplet transmission attributed to relatively large respiratory particles which are subject to gravitational forces and travel only approximately one metre from the patient. Airborne transmission may occur if patient respiratory activity or medical procedures generate respiratory aerosols. These aerosols contain particles that may travel much longer distances and remain airborne longer, but their infective potential is uncertain. Contact, droplet and airborne transmission are each relevant during airway manoeuvres in infected patients, particularly during tracheal intubation. Personal protective equipment is an important component, but only one part, of a system protecting staff and other patients from COVID-19 cross-infection. Appropriate use significantly reduces risk of viral transmission. Personal protective equipment should logically be matched to the potential mode of viral transmission occurring during patient care ? contact, droplet, or airborne. Recommendations from international organisations are broadly consistent, but equipment use is not. Only airborne precautions include a fitted high-filtration mask, and this should be reserved for aerosol-generating procedures. Uncertainty remains around certain details of personal protective equipment including use of hoods, mask type and the potential for re-use of equipment.
JO  - Anaesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/anae.15071
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/anae.15071
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The use of high-flow nasal oxygen in COVID-19
AU  - Lyons, C.
AU  - Callaghan, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract The key healthcare challenge of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is the safe delivery of respiratory support on a large scale. The care of critically ill COVID-19 patients is guided by our knowledge and experience with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), but this crisis is pushing patients and their clinicians into unchartered territories. One of the key decisions faced by healthcare systems is in selecting the appropriate devices for oxygen administration. The use of high-flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) in COVID-19 is the subject of much debate, relating to the benefits and harms that may result for patients and healthcare workers alike.
JO  - Anaesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/anae.15073
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/anae.15073
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemiological update on SARS-CoV-2 infection in Spain. Comments on the management of infection in pediatrics
AU  - Calvo, C.
AU  - Tagarro, A.
AU  - Otheo, E.
AU  - Epalza, C.
AU  - Sanz Santaufemia, F. J.
AU  - Llorente Romano, M.
AU  - Moraleda, C.
AU  - García García, M. L.
AU  - Rodríguez Mesa, M. D.
AU  - Cobo Vázquez, E.
AU  - Pérez Muñoz, S.
AU  - Penin, M.
AU  - Santos, M.
AU  - Berzosa, A.
AU  - Navas Carretero, A.
AU  - Vidal Lana, P.
AU  - Hernández Rodríguez, M. J.
AU  - del Río, P. G.
AU  - Figueroa Ospina, L.
AU  - Guillen Martín, S.
AU  - Belén Jimenez, A.
AU  - Bermejo Gomez, A.
AU  - José Cilleruelo, M.
AU  - Tóvizi, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Anales de Pediatria
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.anpedi.2020.03.001
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005440943 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anpedi.2020.03.001
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - An Epidemic in the Midst of a Pandemic: Opioid Use Disorder and COVID-19
AU  - Alexander, G. Caleb
AU  - Stoller, Kenneth B.
AU  - Haffajee, Rebecca L.
AU  - Saloner, Brendan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of internal medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7326/M20-1141
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Communication Skills in the Age of COVID-19
AU  - Back, Anthony
AU  - Tulsky, James A.
AU  - Arnold, Robert M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of internal medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7326/M20-1376
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - When Epidemics Collide: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the Opioid Crisis
AU  - Becker, William C.
AU  - Fiellin, David A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of internal medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7326/M20-1210
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Collision of the COVID-19 and Addiction Epidemics
AU  - Volkow, Nora D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of internal medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7326/M20-1212
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in a patient with systemic sclerosis treated with tocilizumab for SSc-ILD
AU  - Mihai, Carina
AU  - Dobrota, Rucsandra
AU  - Schröder, Maria
AU  - Garaiman, Alexandru
AU  - Jordan, Suzana
AU  - Becker, Mike Oliver
AU  - Maurer, Britta
AU  - Distler, Oliver
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of the rheumatic diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-217442
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical course of COVID-19 in a series of patients with chronic arthritis treated with immunosuppressive targeted therapies
AU  - Monti, Sara
AU  - Balduzzi, Silvia
AU  - Delvino, Paolo
AU  - Bellis, Elisa
AU  - Quadrelli, Verdiana Serena
AU  - Montecucco, Carlomaurizio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of the rheumatic diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-217424
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - To consider or not antimalarials as a prophylactic intervention in the SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) pandemic
AU  - Spinelli, Francesca Romana
AU  - Ceccarelli, Fulvia
AU  - Di Franco, Manuela
AU  - Conti, Fabrizio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of the rheumatic diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-217367
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - News
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Anthropology Today
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 36
IS  - 2
PG  - 25-25
SP  - 25
EP  - 25
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/1467-8322.12567
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8322.12567
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The FDA-approved Drug Ivermectin inhibits the replication of SARS-CoV-2 in vitro
AU  - Caly, Leon
AU  - Druce, Julian D.
AU  - Catton, Mike G.
AU  - Jans, David A.
AU  - Wagstaff, Kylie M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Although several clinical trials are now underway to test possible therapies, the worldwide response to the COVID-19 outbreak has been largely limited to monitoring/containment. We report here that Ivermectin, an FDA-approved anti-parasitic previously shown to have broad-spectrum anti-viral activity in vitro, is an inhibitor of the causative virus (SARS-CoV-2), with a single addition to Vero-hSLAM cells 2 hours post infection with SARS-CoV-2 able to effect ∼5000-fold reduction in viral RNA at 48 h. Ivermectin therefore warrants further investigation for possible benefits in humans.
JO  - Antiviral Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 104787-104787
SP  - 104787
EP  - 104787
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.antiviral.2020.104787
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166354220302011
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Remdesivir, lopinavir, emetine, and homoharringtonine inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication in vitro
AU  - Choy, Ka-Tim
AU  - Yin-Lam Wong, Alvina
AU  - Kaewpreedee, Prathanporn
AU  - Sia, Sin-Fun
AU  - Chen, Dongdong
AU  - Yan Hui, Kenrie Pui
AU  - Wing Chu, Daniel Ka
AU  - Wai Chan, Michael Chi
AU  - Pak-Hang Cheung, Peter
AU  - Huang, Xuhui
AU  - Peiris, Malik
AU  - Yen, Hui-Ling
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - An escalating pandemic by the novel SARS-CoV-2 virus is impacting global health and effective therapeutic options are urgently needed. We evaluated the in vitro antiviral effect of compounds that were previously reported to inhibit coronavirus replication and compounds that are currently under evaluation in clinical trials for SARS-CoV-2 patients. We report the antiviral effect of remdesivir, lopinavir, homorringtonine, and emetine against SARS-CoV-2 virus in Vero E6 cells with the estimated 50% effective concentration at 23.15 μM, 26.63 μM, 2.55 μM and 0.46 μM, respectively. Ribavirin or favipiravir that are currently evaluated under clinical trials showed no inhibition at 100 μM. Synergy between remdesivir and emetine was observed, and remdesivir at 6.25 μM in combination with emetine at 0.195 μM may achieve 64.9% inhibition in viral yield. Combinational therapy may help to reduce the effective concentration of compounds below the therapeutic plasma concentrations and provide better clinical benefits.
JO  - Antiviral Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 104786-104786
SP  - 104786
EP  - 104786
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.antiviral.2020.104786
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016635422030200X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Pandemic, a War to be Won: Understanding its Economic Implications for Africa
AU  - Ataguba, John E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Applied Health Economics and Health Policy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s40258-020-00580-x
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s40258-020-00580-x
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Simple Decision Analysis of a Mandatory Lockdown Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Karnon, Jonathan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Applied Health Economics and Health Policy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s40258-020-00581-w
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s40258-020-00581-w
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Hepatic and gastrointestinal involvement in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): What do we know till now?
AU  - Musa, Sherief
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative pathogen of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has posed a serious threat to global health and is currently causing a major pandemic. While patients typically present with fever and a respiratory illness, mounting evidence indicates that patients might also report extra-pulmonary manifestations, including those affecting the liver and gastrointestinal tract. This involvement may have important implications to the disease management, transmission, and prognosis, especially in patients with pre-existing hepatic or digestive co-morbidities. In this review, the characteristics and possible explanations of hepatic and gastrointestinal involvement caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection are summarized, adding to our knowledge of the spectrum of COVID-19. In addition, preventive measures implemented in endoscopy departments to prevent further dissemination of SARS-CoV-2 infection are proposed.
JO  - Arab Journal of Gastroenterology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajg.2020.03.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1687197920300101
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Informations de l’OMS pour la gestion de l’épidémie de COVID-19 en milieu de travail, au 23 mars 2020
AU  - Durand-Moreau, Q.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Archives des Maladies Professionnelles et de l'Environnement
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.admp.2020.03.832
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1775878520309474
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Is the ACE2 Overexpression a Risk Factor for COVID-19 Infection?
AU  - Gracia-Ramos, Abraham Edgar
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Archives of Medical Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arcmed.2020.03.011
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0188440920303787
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Inappropriate Antibiotic Consumption as a Possible Cause of Inflammatory Storm and Septic Shock in Patients Diagnosed with Coronavirus-19 Disease (COVID-19)
AU  - Hantoushzadeh, Sedigheh
AU  - Norooznezhad, Amir Hossein
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Archives of Medical Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arcmed.2020.03.015
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0188440920304094
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cognitive biases operating behind the rejection of government safety advisories during COVID19 Pandemic
AU  - Roy, Deblina
AU  - Sinha, Krittika
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Asian Journal of Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 102048-102048
SP  - 102048
EP  - 102048
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102048
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876201820301593
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Chaotic and Stressed Environment for 2019-nCoV Suspected, Infected and other People in India: Fear of Mass Destruction and Causality
AU  - Sharma, Samriti
AU  - Sharma, Manik
AU  - Singh, Gurvinder
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Asian Journal of Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 102049-102049
SP  - 102049
EP  - 102049
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102049
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S187620182030160X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Afectación clínica y sintomatológica en pacientes mayores de 65 años por COVID-19
AU  - González-Silva, Yolanda
AU  - Marcos, Esther Bahíllo
AU  - Gutiérrez, Ruperto Martín
AU  - Merino, Mateo Martín
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Atención Primaria
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aprim.2020.03.003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0212656720301013
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Australia’s primary care COVID-19 response
AU  - Kidd, Michael
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Australian journal of general practice
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 49
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.31128/AJGP-COVID-02
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: Uncharted waters
AU  - Margolis, Stephen A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Australian journal of general practice
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 49
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.31128/AJGP-COVID-01
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - General practice, COVID-19 and living with uncertainty
AU  - Stone, Louise
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Australian journal of general practice
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.31128/AJGP-COVID-03
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - What is the role of rheumatologists in the era of COVID-19?
AU  - Marotto, Daniela
AU  - Sarzi-Puttini, Piercarlo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Autoimmunity Reviews
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 102539-102539
SP  - 102539
EP  - 102539
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autrev.2020.102539
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S156899722030094X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Interleukin-6 use in COVID-19 pneumonia related macrophage activation syndrome
AU  - McGonagle, Dennis
AU  - Sharif, Kassem
AU  - O'Regan, Anthony
AU  - Bridgewood, Charlie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Severe COVID-19 associated pneumonia patients may exhibit features of systemic hyper-inflammation designated under the umbrella term of macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) or cytokine storm, also known as secondary haemophagocytic lymphohistocytosis (sHLH). This is distinct from HLH associated with immunodeficiency states termed primary HLH -with radically different therapy strategies in both situations. COVID-19 infection with MAS typically occurs in subjects with adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and historically, non-survival in ARDS was linked to sustained IL-6 and IL-1 elevation. We provide a model for the classification of MAS to stratify the MAS-like presentation in COVID-19 pneumonia and explore the complexities of discerning ARDS from MAS. We describe the potential impact of viral load and therapy timing towards improving the outcome of IL-6 antagonism and other immunomodulatory therapies.
JO  - Autoimmunity Reviews
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 102537-102537
SP  - 102537
EP  - 102537
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autrev.2020.102537
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1568997220300926
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Corona (COVID-19) time musings: Our involvement in COVID-19 pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment and vaccine planning
AU  - Shoenfeld, Yehuda
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Autoimmunity Reviews
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 102538-102538
SP  - 102538
EP  - 102538
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autrev.2020.102538
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1568997220300938
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Macrolide treatment for COVID-19: Will this be the way forward?
AU  - Ohe, Masashi
AU  - Shida, Haruki
AU  - Jodo, Satoshi
AU  - Kusunoki, Yoshihiro
AU  - Seki, Masahide
AU  - Furuya, Ken
AU  - Goudarzi, Houman
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic that has developed in late 2019 and 2020 is a serious threat to human health. With no vaccines or drugs approved for prevention and treatment until now, all efforts at drug design and/or clinical trials of already approved drugs are worthy and creditable. Using structure-based drug selection for identification of SARS-CoV-2 protease inhibitors, old drugs such as macrolides (MAC) were predicted to be effective for COVID-19. Lately, the anti-viral effects of macrolides have attracted considerable attention. Very recently, hydroxychloroquine in combination with azithromycin treatment was reported to be effective for COVID-19. We believe that treatments with macrolides alone or in combination with other drugs are promising and open the possibility of an international strategy to fight this emerging viral infection.
JO  - BioScience Trends
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 2020.03058-2020.03058
SP  - 2020.03058
EP  - 2020.03058
AN  - 
DO  - 10.5582/bst.2020.03058
UR  - https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/bst/advpub/0/advpub_2020.03058/_article
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Rethinking how we care for our patients in a time of social distancing
AU  - Vogler, S. A.
AU  - Lightner, A. L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Online consultations
JO  - BJS (British Journal of Surgery)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/bjs.11636
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/bjs.11636
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2: filtering out fact from fiction in the infodemic Q&A with virologist Prof. Urs Greber
AU  - Ruffell, Daniela
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract As the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues to spread across the world, and the associated lung disease COVID-19 remains difficult to treat, information from media and private communication flows at high speed, often through unfiltered channels. Much of this information is speculative, as it derives from preliminary and inconclusive studies, and creates confusion as well as anxiety. This phenomenon was recently labelled as ?infodemic? by the World Health Organization.
JO  - FEBS Letters
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/1873-3468.13784
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/1873-3468.13784
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Comprehensive genomic characterization analysis of lncRNAs in cells with porcine Delta coronavirus infection
AU  - Liu, JunLi
AU  - Wang, FangFang
AU  - Du, LiuYang
AU  - Li, Juan
AU  - Yu, TianQi
AU  - Jin, YuLan
AU  - Yan, Yan
AU  - Zhou, JiYong
AU  - Gu, JinYan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Porcine delta coronavirus (PDCoV) is a novel emerging enterocytetropic virus causing diarrhea, vomiting, dehydration, and mortality in suckling piglets. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are known to be important regulators during virus infection. Here, we describe a comprehensive transcriptome profile of lncRNA in PDCoV-infected swine testicular (ST) cells. In total, 1,308 annotated and 1,190 novel lncRNA candidate sequences were identified. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis revealed that these lncRNAs might be involved in numerous biological processes. Clustering analysis of differentially expressed lncRNAs showed that 454 annotated and 376 novel lncRNAs were regulated after PDCoV infection. Furthermore, we constructed a lncRNA-protein-coding gene co-expression interaction network. The KEGG analysis of the co-expressed genes showed that these differentially expressed lncRNAs were enriched in pathways related to metabolism and TNF signaling. Our study provided comprehensive information about lncRNAs that would be a useful resource for studying the pathogenesis of and designing antiviral therapy for PDCoV infection.
JO  - Frontiers in Microbiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 11
IS  - January
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3389/fmicb.2019.03036
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a clinical update
AU  - Zhou, Min
AU  - Zhang, Xinxin
AU  - Qu, Jieming
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has posed a significant threat to global health. It caused a total of 80 868 confirmed cases and 3101 deaths in Chinese mainland until March 8, 2020. This novel virus spread mainly through respiratory droplets and close contact. As disease progressed, a series of complications tend to develop, especially in critically ill patients. Pathological findings showed representative features of acute respiratory distress syndrome and involvement of multiple organs. Apart from supportive care, no specific treatment has been established for COVID-19. The efficacy of some promising antivirals, convalescent plasma transfusion, and tocilizumab needs to be investigated by ongoing clinical trials.
JO  - Frontiers of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-10
SP  - 1
EP  - 10
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11684-020-0767-8
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11684-020-0767-8
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Letalidad del COVID-19: ausencia de patrón epidemiológico
AU  - de Figueiredo, Alexandre Medeiros
AU  - Codina, Antonio Daponte
AU  - de Figueiredo, Daniela Cristina Moreira Marculino
AU  - Gil-García, Eugenia
AU  - Kalache, Alexandre
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar un conjunto de indicadores para comprender la variabilidad de la evolución y el impacto de la epidemia de COVID-19. Método: Estudio ecológico de países con más de 200 casos notificados. Se han analizado variables demográficas, de gasto sanitario y de características de los servicios sanitarios como variables explicativas, y las tasas de incidencia, mortalidad y letalidad como variables respuesta. Se ha creado un índice de letalidad relativa. Los datos proceden de organismos internacionales. La magnitud de las asociaciones se ha estimado mediante el coeficiente de correlación de Spearman. Resultados: El número de pruebas y de profesionales de medicina se asocian a una mayor incidencia. La mortalidad y la letalidad no se asocian con variables demográficas, de gasto sanitario ni de los servicios sanitarios. Conclusión: Las diferencias sugieren una subestimación generalizada de la magnitud de la epidemia. Es necesario mejorar la identificación de casos y la eficacia de los sistemas de vigilancia epidemiológica. ABSTRACT Objective: Analyze a set of indicators to understand the variability of the evolution and impact of the COVID-19 epidemic in a set of selected countries. Method: Ecological study of a group of countries with more than 200 reported cases. Demographic variables, health expenditure variables, and variables about characteristics of health services were included as explanatory variables. and incidence, mortality and fatality rates have been analyzed as response variables. In addition, a relative fatality index has been created. Data are from international organizations. Spearman's correlation coefficient was used to estimate the magnitude of the associations. Results: Number of tests and of medical professionals are associated with a higher incidence rate. Mortality and case fatality rate are not associated with demographic, health expenditure, or health services variables. Conclusion: Differences suggest a general underestimation of the magnitude of the epidemic. Improvement of case identification and effectiveness of epidemiological surveillance systems is necessary.
JO  - Gaceta Sanitaria
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0213911120300844
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Tomar medidas preventivas inmediatamente: evidencia de China sobre el COVID-19
AU  - Zhao, Guanlan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Gaceta Sanitaria
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2020.03.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0213911120300777
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Gastrointestinal endoscopy during COVID-19 pandemic: an updated review of guidelines and statements from international and national societies
AU  - Castro Filho, Elio C.
AU  - Castro, Rodolfo
AU  - Fernandes, Flavia F.
AU  - Pereira, Gustavo
AU  - Perazzo, Hugo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gie.2020.03.3854
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016510720341328
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preventing the spread of COVID-19 in digestive endoscopy during the resuming period: meticulous execution of screening procedures
AU  - Han, Jing
AU  - Wang, Ying
AU  - Zhu, Liguo
AU  - Cui, Yi
AU  - Li, Li
AU  - Zeng, Zhirong
AU  - Zhang, Shenghong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gie.2020.03.3855
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S001651072034133X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemic psychiatry: The opportunities and challenges of COVID-19
AU  - Shalev, Daniel
AU  - Shapiro, Peter A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - General Hospital Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2020.03.009
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0163834320300438
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Practice of endoscopy during COVID-19 pandemic: position statements of the Asian Pacific Society for Digestive Endoscopy (APSDE-COVID statements)
AU  - Chiu, Philip Wai Yan
AU  - Ng, Siew C.
AU  - Inoue, Haruhiro
AU  - Reddy, D. Nageshwar
AU  - Ling Hu, Enqiang
AU  - Cho, Joo Young
AU  - Ho, Lawrence Ky
AU  - Hewett, David G.
AU  - Chiu, Han-Mo
AU  - Rerknimitr, Rungsun
AU  - Wang, Hsiu-Po
AU  - Ho, Shiaw Hooi
AU  - Seo, Dong Wan
AU  - Goh, Khean-Lee
AU  - Tajiri, Hisao
AU  - Kitano, Seigo
AU  - Chan, Francis K. L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 has become a global pandemic. Risk of transmission may occur during endoscopy and the goal is to prevent infection among healthcare professionals while providing essential services to patients. Asia was the first continent to have a COVID-19 outbreak, and this position statement of the Asian Pacific Society for Digestive Endoscopy shares our successful experience in maintaining safe and high-quality endoscopy practice at a time when resources are limited. Sixteen experts from key societies of digestive endoscopy in Asia were invited to develop position statements, including patient triage and risk assessment before endoscopy, resource prioritisation and allocation, regular monitoring of personal protective equipment, infection control measures, protective device training and implementation of a strategy for stepwise resumption of endoscopy services after control of the COVID-19 outbreak.
JO  - Gut
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-321185
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Gastrointestinal symptoms of 95 cases with SARS-CoV-2 infection
AU  - Lin, Lu
AU  - Jiang, Xiayang
AU  - Zhang, Zhenling
AU  - Huang, Siwen
AU  - Zhang, Zhenyi
AU  - Fang, Zhaoxiong
AU  - Gu, Zhiqiang
AU  - Gao, Liangqing
AU  - Shi, Honggang
AU  - Mai, Lei
AU  - Liu, Yuan
AU  - Lin, Xianqi
AU  - Lai, Renxu
AU  - Yan, Zhixiang
AU  - Li, Xiaofeng
AU  - Shan, Hong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE: To study the GI symptoms in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infected patients. DESIGN: We analysed epidemiological, demographic, clinical and laboratory data of 95 cases with SARS-CoV-2 caused coronavirus disease 2019. Real-time reverse transcriptase PCR was used to detect the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in faeces and GI tissues. RESULTS: Among the 95 patients, 58 cases exhibited GI symptoms of which 11 (11.6%) occurred on admission and 47 (49.5%) developed during hospitalisation. Diarrhoea (24.2%), anorexia (17.9%) and nausea (17.9%) were the main symptoms with five (5.3%), five (5.3%) and three (3.2%) cases occurred on the illness onset, respectively. A substantial proportion of patients developed diarrhoea during hospitalisation, potentially aggravated by various drugs including antibiotics. Faecal samples of 65 hospitalised patients were tested for the presence of SARS-CoV-2, including 42 with and 23 without GI symptoms, of which 22 (52.4%) and 9 (39.1%) were positive, respectively. Six patients with GI symptoms were subjected to endoscopy, revealing oesophageal bleeding with erosions and ulcers in one severe patient. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in oesophagus, stomach, duodenum and rectum specimens for both two severe patients. In contrast, only duodenum was positive in one of the four non-severe patients. CONCLUSIONS: GI tract may be a potential transmission route and target organ of SARS-CoV-2.
JO  - Gut
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-321013
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prevention of nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 transmission in endoscopy: international recommendations and the need for a gold standard
AU  - Ong, John
AU  - Cross, Gail B.
AU  - Dan, Yock Young
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Gut
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-321154
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy. Information and proposal of management care. CNGOF
AU  - Peyronnet, V.
AU  - Sibiude, J.
AU  - Deruelle, P.
AU  - Huissoud, C.
AU  - Lescure, X.
AU  - Lucet, J. C.
AU  - Mandelbrot, L.
AU  - Nisand, I.
AU  - Vayssière, C.
AU  - Yazpandanah, Y.
AU  - Luton, D.
AU  - Picone, O.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) highlighted at the end of 2019 in China is spreading across all continents. Most often at the origin of a mild infectious syndrome, associating mild symptoms (fever, cough, myalgia, headache and possible digestive disorders) to different degrees, SARS-Covid-2 can cause serious pulmonary pathologies and sometimes death. Data on the consequences during pregnancy are limited. The first Chinese data published seem to show that the symptoms in pregnant women are the same as those of the general population. There are no cases of intrauterine maternal-fetal transmission, but cases of newborns infected early suggest that there could be vertical perpartum or neonatal transmission. Induced prematurity and cases of respiratory distress in newborns of infected mothers have been described. Pregnancy is known as a period at higher risk for the consequences of respiratory infections, as for influenza, so it seems important to screen for Covid-19 in the presence of symptoms and to monitor closely pregnant women. In this context of the SARS-Covid-2 epidemic, the societies of gynecology-obstetrics, infectious diseases and neonatalogy have proposed a French protocol for the management of possible and proven cases of SARS-Covid-2 in pregnant women. These proposals may evolve on a daily basis with the advancement of the epidemic and knowledge in pregnant women. Subsequently, an in-depth analysis of cases in pregnant women will be necessary in order to improve knowledge on the subject.
JO  - Gynecologie Obstetrique Fertilite et Senologie
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.gofs.2020.03.014
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005431144 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gofs.2020.03.014
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The COVID-19 Pandemic: New Global Challenges for the Hemophilia Community
AU  - Hermans, Cedric
AU  - Weill, Alain
AU  - Pierce, Glenn F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Over the past few decades, several blood-borne viruses have targeted hemophilia patients requiring treatment with clotting factors derived from human plasma [1]. Even today, many hemophilia patients and their families still retain painful and indelible memories of HIV and hepatitis C infections or are confronted with the progressive health consequences of these infections.
JO  - Haemophilia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/hae.14001
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/hae.14001
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in Turkey: An urgent need for the implementation of preparedness and response strategies
AU  - Khan, Zakir
AU  - Karataş, Yusuf
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Health Science Reports
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 3
IS  - 2
PG  - e153-e153
SP  - e153
EP  - e153
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/hsr2.153
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.153
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Palliative Care Strategies Offer Guidance to Clinicians And Comfort for COVID-19 Patient and Families
AU  - Feder, Shelli
AU  - Akgün, Kathleen M.
AU  - Schulman-Green, Dena
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Heart & Lung
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrtlng.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147956320301114
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Investigating the cases of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in China using dynamic statistical techniques
AU  - Sarkodie, Samuel Asumadu
AU  - Owusu, Phebe Asantewaa
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The initial investigation by local hospital attributed the outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) to pneumonia unknown cause that appeared like the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) that occurred in 2003. The World Health Organization has declared COVID-19 as public health emergency after it spread outside China to numerous countries. Thus, an assessment of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) with novel approaches is essential to the global debate. This study is the first to develop both time series and panel data models to construct conceptual tools that examine the nexus between death from COVID-19 and confirmed cases. We collected daily data on four health indicators namely deaths, confirmed cases, suspected cases, and recovered cases across 31 Provinces/States in China. Due to the complexities of the COVID-19, we investigated the unobserved factors including environmental exposures accounting for the disease spread through human-to-human transmission. We used estimation methods capable of controlling for cross-sectional dependence, endogeneity, and unobserved heterogeneity. We predict the impulse-response between confirmed cases of COVID-19 and COVID-19-attributable deaths. Our study reveals that the effect of confirmed cases on the novel coronavirus attributable deaths is heterogeneous across Provinces/States in China. We find a linear relationship between COVID-19 attributable deaths and confirmed cases whereas a nonlinear relationship is confirmed for the nexus between recovery cases and confirmed cases. The empirical evidence reveals that an increase in confirmed cases by 1% increases coronavirus attributable deaths by ∼0.10%–∼1.71% (95% CI). Our empirical results confirm the presence of unobserved heterogeneity and common factors that facilitates the novel coronavirus attributable deaths caused by increased levels of confirmed cases. Yet, the role of such a medium that facilitates the transmission of COVID-19 remains unclear. We highlight safety precaution and preventive measures to circumvent the human-to-human transmission.
JO  - Heliyon
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - e03747-e03747
SP  - e03747
EP  - e03747
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03747
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844020305922
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Public engagement is key for containing COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Bhatia, Rajesh
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Indian journal of medical research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_780_20
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Biorisk assessment for infrastructure & biosafety requirements for the laboratories providing coronavirus SARS-CoV-2/(COVID-19) diagnosis
AU  - Mourya, Devendra T.
AU  - Sapkal, Gajanan
AU  - Yadav, Pragya D.
AU  - Belani, Sujeet Kumar M.
AU  - Shete, Anita
AU  - Gupta, Nivedita
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Novel coronavirus infection [coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)] has spread to more than 203 countries of various regions including Africa, America, Europe, South East Asia and Western Pacific. The WHO had declared COVID-19 as the global public health emergency and subsequently as pandemic because of its worldwide spread. It is now one of the top-priority pathogens to be dealt with, because of high transmissibility, severe illness and associated mortality, wide geographical spread, lack of control measures with knowledge gaps in veterinary and human epidemiology, immunity and pathogenesis. The quick detection of cases and isolating them has become critical to contain it. To meet the increasing demand of the diagnostic services, it is necessary to enhance and expand laboratory capabilities since existing laboratories cannot meet the emerging demand. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a BSL-2 (Biosafety Level 2) agent and needs to be handled in biosafety cabinet using standard precautions. This review highlights minimum requirements for the diagnostic laboratories opting testing of material for the diagnosis of COVID-19 and associated biorisk to the individuals and to the community.
JO  - The Indian journal of medical research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_763_20
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Harmonizing the COVID-19 cacophony: People need guidance
AU  - Bin Arif, Taha
AU  - Ali, Aiman
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Infection control and hospital epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-6
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/ice.2020.105
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Core Principles for Infection Prevention in Hemodialysis Centers during the Pandemic Situation of COVID-19
AU  - Chen, Gang
AU  - Zhou, Yangzhong
AU  - Zhang, Lei
AU  - Wang, Ying
AU  - Hu, Rong-rong
AU  - Zhao, Xue
AU  - Song, Dan
AU  - Xia, Jing-hua
AU  - Qin, Yan
AU  - Chen, Li-meng
AU  - Li, Xue-mei
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/ice.2020.109
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/core-principles-for-infection-prevention-in-hemodialysis-centers-during-the-pandemic-situation-of-covid19/B1BA46D4A8BB9608A177EB26337B37A6
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Management-supportive measures for managers of healthcare organization during the COVID-19 epidemic
AU  - Dehnavieh, Reza
AU  - Kalavani, Khalil
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - Contagious or infectious diseases are one of the major causes of death.(1) Epidemics are a serious threat to public health and a global challenge (2)and management the of these epidemics is very difficult. In these conditions, economic, social and health factors of the country are of great worry, therefore, healthcare managers must properly manage and support health care centers (3)and use management-supportive measures for the organization and staff to provide best healthcare services. Presenting a scientific framework for managing health centers can be very helpful.The most important management-supportive practices at healthcare centers during outbreaks are listed below:1. Engage Leadership: Leadership affects the performance of physicians and nurses. Maintain effective communication with employees, pay attention to them, and listen to them effectively.2. Choose Wise Motivations: Talk about the importance of staff work, appreciate their work, and provide encouragement.3. Note to Work-life Balance: Note that you define a proper and balanced workload for employees. Say that optimal performance depends on enough rest and emphasize the need to re-energize.4. Encourage Peer Support: Protect your staff from external pressures, illogical or uncertain demands from patients and individuals, and promote support among colleagues.5. Provide Resources to Protect Employees and Their Mental Health: Minimize risky conditions in the organization and minimize workplace stress to ensure that staff are not exposed to additional stressors.6. Build A Good Community: Build the right teamwork and improve working relationships.7. Increase Employee Control Over Their Work: Clarify your expectations of employees and create an environment for team members to perform important tasks without interruption.8. Review Your Achievements Regularly: Talk to staff about your progress and successes.9. Cancel Unnecessary Meetings: Try to avoid unnecessary gatherings at work. Use video conferencing if a meeting needs to be held.
JO  - Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-1
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/ice.2020.108
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/managementsupportive-measures-for-managers-of-healthcare-organization-during-the-covid19-epidemic/D2B706A0A79008C96FDA105B86AD2454
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Reducing hand recontamination of health workers during COVID-19
AU  - Gon, Giorgia
AU  - Dancer, Stephanie
AU  - Dreibelbis, Robert
AU  - Graham, Wendy J.
AU  - Kilpatrick, Claire
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-6
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/ice.2020.111
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/reducing-hand-recontamination-of-health-workers-during-covid19/6AE8FCA73BF1AD88DB23355A4AD2DDE5
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Lessons Learned From Korea: Covid-19 Pandemic
AU  - Moradi, Hazhir
AU  - Vaezi, Atefeh
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Infection control and hospital epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-5
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/ice.2020.104
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 among medical personnel in operation room
AU  - Sookaromdee, Pathum
AU  - Wiwanitkit, Viroj
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Infection control and hospital epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/ice.2020.106
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How to deal with 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19): a public health practice from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Zhanggong District, Ganzhou City, China
AU  - Xiong, Peisheng
AU  - Xu, Kai
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-5
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/ice.2020.110
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/how-to-deal-with-2019-novel-coronavirus-covid19-a-public-health-practice-from-the-centers-for-disease-control-and-prevention-in-zhanggong-district-ganzhou-city-china/AAB4794A3CD0E04CCB802CB7671453BE
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Travel health risk perceptions of Chinese international students in Australia – implications for COVID-19
AU  - Ma, Tara
AU  - Heywood, Anita
AU  - Raina MacIntyre, C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background International students frequently return to their country of origin to visit friends and relatives (VFR), and are at increased risk of travel-associated infections. Little is known of their travel health seeking behaviours. China is the biggest source of international students studying in Australia and the unprecedented epidemic of COVID-19 in China makes this an important area of research. Methods Focus groups of Chinese international students were conducted to explore travel health-related knowledge, attitudes and practices. Eligible participants were studying in Sydney, and had travelled to China and Hong Kong to visit friends and relatives in the preceding 18 months. A variety of topics were explored, using a focus group guide. Thematic analysis was undertaken on the transcripts using nVivo software. The list of codes and themes were not pre-determined but developed through content analysis. Results Two focus groups were held with a total of 28 participants. Risk perception about VFR travel was generally low among Chinese international students. Pre-travel healthcare was not sought. Students strongly relied on the Internet, social media, parents and friends in China for travel health advice. Conclusions This research provides insights into Chinese international students as VFR travellers. It confirms students could be a risk population for importations of infections such as COVID-19 because of low risk perception and lack of seeking travel health advice. This can inform health promotion strategies for students.
JO  - Infection, Disease & Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idh.2020.03.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468045120300183
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Propagation analysis and prediction of the COVID-19
AU  - Li, L.
AU  - Yang, Z.
AU  - Dang, Z.
AU  - Meng, C.
AU  - Huang, J.
AU  - Meng, H.
AU  - Wang, D.
AU  - Chen, G.
AU  - Zhang, J.
AU  - Peng, H.
AU  - Shao, Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Based on the official data modeling, this paper studies the transmission process of the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). The error between the model and the official data curve is quite small. At the same time, it realized forward prediction and backward inference of the epidemic situation, and the relevant analysis help relevant countries to make decisions.
JO  - Infectious Disease Modelling
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 5
IS  - 
PG  - 282-292
SP  - 282
EP  - 292
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.idm.2020.03.002
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005434297 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.idm.2020.03.002
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Medical Masks vs N95 Respirators for Preventing COVID-19 in Health Care Workers A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials
AU  - Bartoszko, Jessica J.
AU  - Farooqi, Mohammed Abdul Malik
AU  - Alhazzani, Waleed
AU  - Loeb, Mark
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Background Respiratory protective devices are critical in protecting against infection in health care workers at high risk of novel 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19); however, recommendations are conflicting and epidemiological data on their relative effectiveness against COVID-19 are limited. Purpose To compare medical masks to N95 respirators in preventing laboratory confirmed viral infection and respiratory illness including coronavirus specifically in health care workers. Data Sources MEDLINE, Embase and CENTRAL from January 1st 2014 to March 9th 2020. Update of published search conducted from January 1st 1990 to December 9th 2014. Study Selection Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the protective effect of medical masks to N95 respirators in health care workers. Data Extraction Reviewer pair independently screened, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias and the certainty of the evidence. Data Synthesis Four RCTs were meta-analysed adjusting for clustering. Compared to N95 respirators; the use of medical masks did not increase laboratory confirmed viral (including coronaviruses) respiratory infection (OR 1.06; 95% CI 0.90-1.25; I2=0%; low certainty in the evidence) or clinical respiratory illness (OR 1.49; 95%CI 0.98-2.28; I2=78%; very low certainty in the evidence). Only one trial evaluated coronaviruses separately and found no difference between the two groups (p=0.49). Limitations Indirectness and imprecision of available evidence. Conclusions Low certainty evidence suggests that medical masks and N95 respirators offer similar protection against viral respiratory infection including coronavirus in health care workers during non-aerosol generating care. Preservation of N95 respirators for high-risk, aerosol generating procedures in this pandemic should be considered when in short supply.
JO  - Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/irv.12745
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/irv.12745
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 transmission through asymptomatic carriers is a challenge to containment
AU  - Yu, Xingxia
AU  - Yang, Rongrong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Since the first report on the outbreak of a novel coronavirus disease COVID-19 in Wuhan, Hubei, China, in December, 2019,1 there have been 78 064 cases have been confirmed and 2715 deaths as of February 25, 2020. For any infectious disease, there are three kinds of way to control the epidemic of infectious disease-that is, to control the source of infection, to cut off transmission routes, and to protect the susceptible population. As a new infectious disease, it is difficult to develop a safe and effective vaccine against COVID-19 in a short period of time. So, it is not possible to protect susceptible population at present. Social distancing is one of the main ways to cut off transmission routes ? people cannot pass on infection if they do not come into contact with other people. Based on the understanding that COVID-19 spreads through respiratory droplets, there has been widespread use of face masks in Wuhan.
JO  - Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/irv.12743
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/irv.12743
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Endonasal instrumentation and aerosolization risk in the era of COVID-19: simulation, literature review, and proposed mitigation strategies
AU  - Workman, Alan D.
AU  - Welling, D. Bradley
AU  - Carter, Bob S.
AU  - Curry, William T.
AU  - Holbrook, Eric H.
AU  - Gray, Stacey T.
AU  - Scangas, George A.
AU  - Bleier, Benjamin S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Introduction : International experience with COVID-19 suggests it poses a significant risk of infectious transmission to skull base surgeons, due to high nasal viral titers and the unknown potential for aerosol generation during endonasal instrumentation. The purpose of this study was to simulate aerosolization events over a range of endoscopic procedures to gain an evidence-based aerosol risk assessment. Methods : Aerosolization was simulated in a cadaver using fluorescein solution (0.2mg/10ml) and quantified using a blue-light filter and digital image processing. Outpatient sneezing during endoscopy was simulated using an intranasal atomizer in the presence or absence of intact and modified surgical mask barriers. Surgical aerosolization was simulated during non-powered instrumentation, suction microdebrider, and high-speed drilling following nasal fluorescein application. Results : Among the outpatient conditions, a simulated sneeze event generated maximal aerosol distribution at 30cm extending to 66cm. Both an intact surgical mask and a modified VENT mask (which enables endoscopy) eliminated all detectable aerosol spread. Among the surgical conditions, cold instrumentation and microdebrider use did not generate detectable aerosols. Conversely, use of a high-speed drill produced significant aerosol contamination in all tested conditions. Conclusion : We confirm that aerosolization presents a risk to the endonasal skull base surgeon. In the outpatient setting, use of a barrier significantly reduces aerosol spread. Cold surgical instrumentation and microdebrider use pose significantly less aerosolization risk than a high-speed drill. Procedures requiring drill use should carry a special designation as an ?Aerosol Generating Surgery? to convey this unique risk, and support the need for protective PPE. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
JO  - International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/alr.22577
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/alr.22577
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in the Eastern Mediterranean Region and Saudi Arabia: Prevention and Therapeutic Strategies
AU  - Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A.
AU  - Memish, Ziad A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 105968-105968
SP  - 105968
EP  - 105968
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105968
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0924857920301254
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Teicoplanin: an alternative drug for the treatment of COVID-19?
AU  - Baron, S. A.
AU  - Devaux, C.
AU  - Colson, P.
AU  - Raoult, D.
AU  - Rolain, J. M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, a novel coronavirus, named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), emerged from China causing pneumonia outbreaks, first in the Wuhan region of China and then spread worldwide because of its probable high transmission efficiency. Owing to the lack of efficient and specific treatments and the need to contain the epidemic, drug repurposing appears to be the best tool to find a therapeutic solution. Chloroquine, remdesivir, lopinavir, ribavirin and ritonavir have shown efficacy to inhibit coronavirus in vitro. Teicoplanin, an antibiotic used to treat staphylococcal infections, previously showed efficacy to inhibit the first stage of the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) viral life cycle in human cells. This activity is conserved against SARS-Cov-2, thus placing teicoplanin as a potential treatment for patients with this virus.
JO  - International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105944
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005432580 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105944
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Global epidemiology of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): disease incidence, daily cumulative index, mortality, and their association with country healthcare resources and economic status
AU  - Lai, C. C.
AU  - Wang, C. Y.
AU  - Wang, Y. H.
AU  - Hsueh, S. C.
AU  - Ko, W. C.
AU  - Hsueh, P. R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - It has been 2 months since the first case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was reported in Wuhan, China. So far, COVID-19 has affected 85 403 patients in 57 countries/territories and has caused 2924 deaths in 9 countries. However, epidemiological data differ between countries. Although China had higher morbidity and mortality than other sites, the number of new daily cases in China has been lower than outside of China since 26 February 2020. The incidence ranged from 61.44 per 1 000 000 people in the Republic of Korea to 0.0002 per 1 000 000 people in India. The daily cumulative index (DCI) of COVID-19 (cumulative cases/no. of days between the first reported case and 29 February 2020) was greatest in China (1320.85), followed by the Republic of Korea (78.78), Iran (43.11) and Italy (30.62). However, the DCIs in other countries/territories were <10 per day. Several effective measures including restricting travel from China, controlling the distribution of masks, extensive investigation of COVID-19 spread, and once-daily press conferences by the government to inform and educate people were aggressively conducted in Taiwan. This is probably the reason why there was only 39 cases (as of 29 February 2020) with a DCI of 1 case per day in Taiwan, which is much lower than that of nearby countries such as the Republic of Korea and Japan. In addition, the incidence and mortality were correlated with the DCI. However, further study and continued monitoring are needed to better understand the underlying mechanism of COVID-19.
JO  - International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105946
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005432585 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105946
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Perspectives: Potential Therapeutic Options for SARS-CoV-2 Patients Based on Feline Infectious Peritonitis Strategies: Central Nervous System Invasion and Drug Coverage
AU  - Olsen, Mark
AU  - Cook, Sarah Elizabeth
AU  - Huang, Vanthida
AU  - Pedersen, Niels
AU  - Murphy, Brian G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 105964-105964
SP  - 105964
EP  - 105964
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105964
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0924857920301217
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - BARICITINIB - A JANUASE KINASE INHIBITOR - NOT AN IDEAL OPTION FOR MANAGEMENT OF COVID 19
AU  - Praveen, D.
AU  - Chowdary, Puvvada Ranadheer
AU  - Aanandhi, M. Vijey
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 105967-105967
SP  - 105967
EP  - 105967
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105967
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0924857920301242
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The globe on the spotlight: Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19)
AU  - Brida, Margarita
AU  - Chessa, Massimo
AU  - Gu, Hong
AU  - Gatzoulis, Michael A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International Journal of Cardiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2020.04.006
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167527320317277
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Providing pharmacy services at cabin hospitals at the coronavirus epicenter in China
AU  - Meng, Long
AU  - Qiu, Feng
AU  - Sun, Shusen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In the Chinese coronavirus epicenter, Wuhan, 16 cabin hospitals were built to admit patients with confirmed coronavirus infection (COVID-19). These cabin hospitals serve the role of effectively quarantine and treat mild cases of patients infected with COVID-19. Each cabin hospital has pharmacists to provide services and pharmaceutical care to patients. Pharmacists also provide assistance to cabin hospitals through remote internet platforms across China. In this commentary, we describe pharmacy services at cabin hospitals to share our experiences with the international pharmacy community.
JO  - International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11096-020-01020-5
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11096-020-01020-5
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO): does it have a role in the treatment of severe COVID-19?
AU  - Hong, Xiaoyang
AU  - Xiong, Jing
AU  - Feng, Zhichun
AU  - Shi, Yuan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has emerged since December 2019 in Wuhan city, and has quickly spread throughout China and other countries. To date, no specific treatment has been proven to be effective for SARS-CoV-2 infection. According to World Health Organization (WHO), management of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) has mainly focused on infection prevention, case detection and monitoring, and supportive care. Given to the previous experience, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been proven to be an effective therapy in the treatment of respiratory failure or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). On the basis of similar principle, ECMO may be also an effective therapy in the treatment of severe COVID-19. In this study, we described and discussed the clinical outcomes of ECMO for ARDS patients, ECMO use for severe COVID-19 in China, the indications of ECMO use, and some important issues associated with ECMO.
JO  - International Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.03.058
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971220301910
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Diagnostic value and dynamic variance of serum antibody in coronavirus disease 2019
AU  - Jin, Yujiao
AU  - Wang, Miaochan
AU  - Zuo, Zhongbao
AU  - Fan, Chaoming
AU  - Ye, Fei
AU  - Cai, Zhaobin
AU  - Wang, Ying
AU  - Cui, Huaizhong
AU  - Pan, Kenu
AU  - Xu, Aifang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of serological test and dynamitic variance of serum antibody in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods We retrospectively included 43 patients with a laboratory-confirmed infection and 33 patients with suspected infection who were finally excluded. The IgM/IgG titer of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was measured by chemiluminescence immunoassay analysis. Results Compared to molecular detection, the sensitivity of serum IgM and IgG antibodies to diagnose COVID-19 were 48.1% and 88.9%, and the specificity were 100% and 90.9%, respectively. In COVID-19 group, IgM positive rate almost increased first then decreased over time, however, IgG positive rate increased till 100% and was higher than IgM all the time. IgM positive rate and titer were not significantly different before and after viral negative. IgG positive rate was up to 90% and not significantly different before and after viral negative. However, the median titer of IgG after viral negative was twice than that before with significant difference. Conclusion Viral serological test is an effective diagnostic means for SARS-CoV-2 infection. The positive rate and titer variance of IgG are higher than that of IgM in COVID-19.
JO  - International Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.03.065
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971220301983
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Spatial epidemic dynamics of the COVID-19 outbreak in China
AU  - Kang, Dayun
AU  - Choi, Hyunho
AU  - Kim, Jong-Hun
AU  - Choi, Jungsoon
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background On December 31, 2019, an outbreak of COVID-19 in Wuhan, China, was reported. The outbreak spread rapidly to other Chinese cities and to multiple countries. We describe the spatio-temporal pattern and measure the spatial association of the early stages of the COVID-19 epidemic in mainland China from January 16 to February 6, 2020. Methods We explored the spatial epidemic dynamics of COVID-19 in mainland China. Moran’s I spatial statistic with various definitions of neighbors was used to conduct a test to determine whether a spatial association of the COVID-19 infections existed. Results We observed the spatial spread of the COVID-19 pandemic in China. The results showed that most of the models, except medical-care-based connection models, indicated a significant spatial association of COVID-19 infections from around January 22, 2020. Conclusions Spatial analysis is of great help in understanding the spread of infectious diseases, and spatial association is the key to the spatial spread during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in mainland China.
JO  - International Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.03.076
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971220302095
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19): From Causes to Preventions in Hong Kong
AU  - Law, Siukan
AU  - Leung, Albert Wingnang
AU  - Xu, Chuanshan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Hong Kong has been recently attacked by the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). In late January 2020, it's shown a steadily increasing trend of confirmed cases. There is a 257 in total infected cases confirmed including 4 deaths until 20th of March 2020. To prevent further outbreak of COVID-19, this article discusses the current understanding of COVID-19 and compares with the outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 in 2003 of Hong Kong from the causes, transmission, symptoms, diagnosis, treatments and preventions to study for an applicable measurement to control COVID-19.
JO  - International Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.03.059
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971220301922
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The enlightenment from two cases of asymptomatic infection with SARS-CoV-2: is it safe after 14 days of isolation?
AU  - Mao, Zhi-Qun
AU  - Wan, Ren
AU  - He, Li-Yi
AU  - Hu, Yue-Chun
AU  - Chen, Wei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - From 78 laboratory-confirmed cases, we found 2 asymptomatic infections. One patient was discharged within 14 days after treatment. Another patient was discharged 25 days after treatment, and his TR-PCR test was still positive on the 15th day. We found that there may be virus carriers in asymptomatic population with epidemiological contact history. After 14 days of isolation, asymptomatic infection may still carry the virus, which means the risk of transmission and present a new challenge to home isolation.
JO  - International Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.03.041
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971220301739
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A first Case of Meningitis/Encephalitis associated with SARS-Coronavirus-2
AU  - Moriguchi, Takeshi
AU  - Harii, Norikazu
AU  - Goto, Junko
AU  - Harada, Daiki
AU  - Sugawara, Hisanori
AU  - Takamino, Junichi
AU  - Ueno, Masateru
AU  - Sakata, Hiroki
AU  - Kondo, Kengo
AU  - Myose, Natsuhiko
AU  - Nakao, Atsuhito
AU  - Takeda, Masayuki
AU  - Haro, Hirotaka
AU  - Inoue, Osamu
AU  - Suzuki-Inoue, Katsue
AU  - Kubokawa, Kayo
AU  - Ogihara, Shinji
AU  - Sasaki, Tomoyuki
AU  - Kinouchi, Hiroyuki
AU  - Kojin, Hiroyuki
AU  - Ito, Masami
AU  - Onishi, Hiroshi
AU  - Shimizu, Tatsuya
AU  - Sasaki, Yu
AU  - Enomoto, Nobuyuki
AU  - Ishihara, Hiroshi
AU  - Furuya, Shiomi
AU  - Yamamoto, Tomoko
AU  - Shimada, Shinji
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Novel coronavirus (SARS-Coronavirus-2:SARS-CoV-2) which emerged in Wuhan, China, has spread to multiple countries rapidly. We report the first case of meningitis associated with SARS-CoV-2 who was brought in by ambulance due to a convulsion accompanied by unconsciousness. He had never been to any foreign countries. He felt generalized fatigue and fever (day 1). He saw doctors nearby twice (day2 and 5) and was prescribed Laninamivir and antipyretic agents, His family visited his home and found that he was unconsciousness and lying on the floor in his vomit. He was immediately transported to this hospital by ambulance (day 9). Under emergency transport, he had transient generalized seizures that lasted about a minute. He had obvious neck stiffness. The specific SARS-CoV-2 RNA was not detected in the nasopharyngeal swab but was detected in a CSF. Anti- HSV 1 and varicella-zoster IgM antibodies were not detected in serum samples. A brain MRI showed hyperintensity along the wall of right lateral ventricle and hyperintense signal changes in the right mesial temporal lobe and hippocampus, suggesting the possibility of SARS-CoV-2 meningitis. This case warns the physicians of patients who have CNS symptoms.
JO  - International Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.03.062
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971220301958
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Emergency management of nursing human resources and supplies to respond to coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic
AU  - Liu, Yu
AU  - Wang, Hui
AU  - Chen, Junhua
AU  - Zhang, Xiaoyun
AU  - Yue, Xiao
AU  - Ke, Jian
AU  - Wang, Binghua
AU  - Peng, Chaohua
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To introduce the emergency management of nursing human resources and material resources of a large general hospitals when facing the outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19). Method The Nursing Department of the hospital fully executed its functional authority to establish a three-level echelon of sustainable support, allocate human recourses dynamically, organize pre-service training, supervise the key working steps, formulate positive incentive methods, and deploy medical supplies scientifically. Result By taking these strategies, the hospital effectively improved the coping capacity of the nursing team and played a positive role in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19. Conclusion The emergency management of nursing human resources and material resources for COVID-19 of the hospital is successful. But several deficiencies were identified as well, which indicated that the hospital needs to establish an efficient emergency management system, and pay attention to the practice of nursing emergency plans to enhance coping capacities in public health emergencies.
JO  - International Journal of Nursing Sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnss.2020.03.011
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S235201322030051X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Safety management of nasopharyngeal specimen collection from suspected cases of coronavirus disease 2019
AU  - Qian, Yan
AU  - Zeng, Tieying
AU  - Wang, Hui
AU  - Xu, Min
AU  - Chen, Junhua
AU  - Hu, Na
AU  - Chen, Daiqi
AU  - Liu, Yu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This article introduces safety management strategies of nasopharyngeal specimen collection from suspected cases of coronavirus disease 2019 in a tertiary designated hospital. The key points includes establishing a special sampling room, strict sterilization of the entire environment, training of professional nurses, enhancement of personal protection, standardization of methods and processes for swab collection, and a timely and safety sample submission. More than 11,000 nasopharyngeal specimens were collected by eight nurses, with an average of 1375 specimen swab collections each nurse, and no one was infected.
JO  - International Journal of Nursing Sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnss.2020.03.012
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352013220300521
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Contingency management strategies of the Nursing Department in centralized rescue of patients with coronavirus disease 2019
AU  - Wang, Huafen
AU  - Feng, Jiehui
AU  - Shao, Lewen
AU  - Wei, Jianhua
AU  - Wang, Xiaoyan
AU  - Xu, Xiaowei
AU  - Shao, Rongya
AU  - Zhang, Meiyun
AU  - He, Jiangjuan
AU  - Zhao, Xuehong
AU  - Liang, Tingbo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objectives This article aims to summarize a series of contingency management strategies of the Nursing Department in the centralized treatment of patients with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19). Methods The strategies of the Nursing Department included early warning for prevention and control, taking functions of vertically commanding and horizontally coordinating, and reasonably allocating nursing workforce, to facilitate centralized treatment work in the in-hospital fever clinic, isolation wards and ICU, and referral and admission of critical patients. Five special groups were established in charge of training and examination, management and supervision, psychological support, logistical support, and reporting and publicity, respectively. Results It was achieved that no deaths from critical patients and no medical staff, no other patients were infected. Conclusion Through the implementation of these strategies, safe and efficient centralized treatment was ensured timely, orderly and sustainably.
JO  - International Journal of Nursing Sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnss.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352013220300491
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A study on the psychological needs of nurses caring for patients with coronavirus disease 2019 from the perspective of the existence, relatedness, and growth theory
AU  - Yin, Xue
AU  - Zeng, Lingdan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective This study aimed to explore the psychological needs of nurses caring for patients with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) and to propose corresponding interventions. Methods In-depth interviews were conducted with 10 nurses who cared for patients with COVID-19. Interview data were analyzed by category analysis from the perspective of the existence, relatedness, and growth theory (ERG). Results The existence needs were mainly reflected in health and security needs, whereas the relatedness needs consisted mainly of interpersonal needs, humanistic concern needs, and family needs; further, the growth needs were mainly reflected as a strong need for knowledge. Existence needs were the main needs during the epidemic, with health and security needs influencing each other. Humanistic concern needs were the most important of the relatedness needs; interpersonal and family needs were also growing. Conclusion It is found that the existence, relatedness, and growth needs coexist in clinical nurses. It is helpful to take effective interventions to meet their needs if the needs of nurses caring for COVID-19 patients could be perceived well.
JO  - International Journal of Nursing Sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnss.2020.04.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352013220300508
NS  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - From Threat to Risk? Exceptionalism and Logics of Health Security
AU  - Kirk, Jessica
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>The logic of “risk” is increasingly important in the study of global health politics. One recent contribution has even argued that risk is beginning to replace security as the defining logic of health governance and policy. Others dispute this on the basis that risk and security have always operated together in the “securitization” of disease. This article constitutes a theoretical intervention into this burgeoning debate. Does a stronger appreciation of risk warrant the diminishment of security? Are we looking at the “riskification” of health rather than “securitization”? Or would this miss the way these two logics might be complimentary or intertwined in ways that we are yet to theorize? I argue that the global health and securitization literatures are better served by an explicit consideration of risk and security logics in interplay, or never entirely encompassed by the other, nor in complete alignment, yet never truly separate. To do this, I propose a reconceptualization of the central problem—exceptionalism—that allows for risk to be understood as a form of exceptionalist politics. I demonstrate the validity of this approach through an otherwise “easy case” of securitization: the US response to the 2014–2016 Ebola outbreak in West Africa.</p>
JO  - International Studies Quarterly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/isq/sqaa021
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/isq/advance-article/doi/10.1093/isq/sqaa021/5815429
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Restructuring the Inpatient Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experience to Reduce the Risk of Contracting COVID-19: Lessons from Saudi Arabia
AU  - Badreldin, Hisham A.
AU  - Alshaya, Omar
AU  - Saleh, Khalid Bin
AU  - Alshaya, Abdulrahman I.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization announced the rapidly spreading epidemic of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Almost all countries started to take proactive precautionary measures to reduce the risk of contracting the virus. The education sector, including pharmacy education, has been drastically impacted by this pandemic. During the outbreak, many hospitals instructed the health profession's schools to restrict or prevent the presence of their students and interns in their hospitals in an effort to limit the spread of the virus. Constraining the presence of interns in the affiliated hospital has impacted the integrity of delivering the learning outcomes of each clinical rotation. In this paper, we present the experience of four faculty preceptors in restructuring the Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experience in different clinical settings, including critical care, infectious diseases, cardiology, and internal medicine, in order to reduce the risk of contracting COVID-19 at a large academic medical institution in Saudi Arabia. We believe that this experience could provide guidance and insights for other pharmacy schools dealing with this issue during this global pandemic. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - JACCP: JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CLINICAL PHARMACY
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jac5.1237
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jac5.1237
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Personal Risk and Societal Obligation Amidst COVID-19
AU  - Tsai, Cynthia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.5450
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Dilemma of Coronavirus Disease 2019, Aging, and Cardiovascular Disease: Insights From Cardiovascular Aging Science
AU  - AlGhatrif, Majd
AU  - Cingolani, Oscar
AU  - Lakatta, Edward G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA cardiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jamacardio.2020.1329
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Infection and Renin Angiotensin System Blockers
AU  - Bavishi, Chirag
AU  - Maddox, Thomas M.
AU  - Messerli, Franz H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA cardiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jamacardio.2020.1282
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Children
AU  - Rasmussen, Sonja A.
AU  - Thompson, Lindsay A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA Pediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.1224
UR  - https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapediatrics/fullarticle/2764248
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Children: What Pediatric Health Care Clinicians Need to Know
AU  - Rasmussen, Sonja A.
AU  - Thompson, Lindsay A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA pediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.1224
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Addressing the COVID-19 Pandemic in Populations With Serious Mental Illness
AU  - Druss, Benjamin G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2020.0894
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Protection of CT suites from COVID‑19 infection in a tertiary emergency hospital
AU  - Katsumori, Tetsuya
AU  - Yoshikawa, Tatsuya
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Japanese Journal of Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11604-020-00964-y
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11604-020-00964-y
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Pandemic and JBJS
AU  - Swiontkowski, Marc
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JBJS
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Latest Articles
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00004623-900000000-99788
DO  - 10.2106/jbjs.20.00471
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/jbjsjournal/Fulltext/latest/COVID_19_Pandemic_and_JBJS.99788.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preventive Behaviors Conveyed on YouTube to Mitigate Transmission of COVID-19: Cross-Sectional Study
AU  - Basch, Corey H.
AU  - Hillyer, Grace C.
AU  - Meleo-Erwin, Zoe C.
AU  - Jaime, Christie
AU  - Mohlman, Jan
AU  - Basch, Charles E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Accurate information and guidance about personal behaviors that can reduce exposure to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 are among the most important elements in mitigating the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). With over 2 billion users, YouTube is a media channel that millions turn to when seeking information. OBJECTIVE: At the time of this study, there were no published studies investigating the content of YouTube videos related to COVID-19. This study aims to address this gap in the current knowledge. METHODS: The 100 most widely viewed YouTube videos uploaded throughout the month of January 2020 were reviewed and the content covered was described. Collectively, these videos were viewed over 125 million times. RESULTS: Fewer than one-third of the videos covered any of the seven key prevention behaviors listed on the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website. CONCLUSIONS: These results represent an important missed opportunity for disease prevention.
JO  - JMIR public health and surveillance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 6
IS  - 2
PG  - e18807-e18807
SP  - e18807
EP  - e18807
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2196/18807
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Emergence of a Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19): Protocol for Extending Surveillance Used by the Royal College of General Practitioners Research and Surveillance Centre and Public Health England
AU  - de Lusignan, Simon
AU  - Lopez Bernal, Jamie
AU  - Zambon, Maria
AU  - Akinyemi, Oluwafunmi
AU  - Amirthalingam, Gayatri
AU  - Andrews, Nick
AU  - Borrow, Ray
AU  - Byford, Rachel
AU  - Charlett, André
AU  - Dabrera, Gavin
AU  - Ellis, Joanna
AU  - Elliot, Alex J.
AU  - Feher, Michael
AU  - Ferreira, Filipa
AU  - Krajenbrink, Else
AU  - Leach, Jonathan
AU  - Linley, Ezra
AU  - Liyanage, Harshana
AU  - Okusi, Cecilia
AU  - Ramsay, Mary
AU  - Smith, Gillian
AU  - Sherlock, Julian
AU  - Thomas, Nicholas
AU  - Tripathy, Manasa
AU  - Williams, John
AU  - Howsam, Gary
AU  - Joy, Mark
AU  - Hobbs, Richard
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: The Royal College of General Practitioners (RCGP) Research and Surveillance Centre (RSC) and Public Health England (PHE) have successfully worked together on the surveillance of influenza and other infectious diseases for over 50 years, including three previous pandemics. With the emergence of the international outbreak of the coronavirus infection (COVID-19), a UK national approach to containment has been established to test people suspected of exposure to COVID-19. At the same time and separately, the RCGP RSC's surveillance has been extended to monitor the temporal and geographical distribution of COVID-19 infection in the community as well as assess the effectiveness of the containment strategy. OBJECTIVES: The aims of this study are to surveil COVID-19 in both asymptomatic populations and ambulatory cases with respiratory infections, ascertain both the rate and pattern of COVID-19 spread, and assess the effectiveness of the containment policy. METHODS: The RCGP RSC, a network of over 500 general practices in England, extract pseudonymized data weekly. This extended surveillance comprises of five components: (1) Recording in medical records of anyone suspected to have or who has been exposed to COVID-19. Computerized medical records suppliers have within a week of request created new codes to support this. (2) Extension of current virological surveillance and testing people with influenza-like illness or lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI)-with the caveat that people suspected to have or who have been exposed to COVID-19 should be referred to the national containment pathway and not seen in primary care. (3) Serology sample collection across all age groups. This will be an extra blood sample taken from people who are attending their general practice for a scheduled blood test. The 100 general practices currently undertaking annual influenza virology surveillance will be involved in the extended virological and serological surveillance. (4) Collecting convalescent serum samples. (5) Data curation. We have the opportunity to escalate the data extraction to twice weekly if needed. Swabs and sera will be analyzed in PHE reference laboratories. RESULTS: General practice clinical system providers have introduced an emergency new set of clinical codes to support COVID-19 surveillance. Additionally, practices participating in current virology surveillance are now taking samples for COVID-19 surveillance from low-risk patients presenting with LRTIs. Within the first 2 weeks of setup of this surveillance, we have identified 3 cases: 1 through the new coding system, the other 2 through the extended virology sampling. CONCLUSIONS: We have rapidly converted the established national RCGP RSC influenza surveillance system into one that can test the effectiveness of the COVID-19 containment policy. The extended surveillance has already seen the use of new codes with 3 cases reported. Rapid sharing of this protocol should enable scientific critique and shared learning. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): DERR1-10.2196/18606.
JO  - JMIR public health and surveillance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 6
IS  - 2
PG  - e18606-e18606
SP  - e18606
EP  - e18606
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2196/18606
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The 3 Steps Needed to End the COVID-19 Pandemic: Bold Public Health Leadership, Rapid Innovations, and Courageous Political Will
AU  - Guest, Jodie Lynn
AU  - Del Rio, Carlos
AU  - Sanchez, Travis
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The world is experiencing the expansive spread of the virus SARS-CoV-2 in a global pandemic that is placing strains on healthcare, economic and social systems. Commitment to implementing proven public health strategies will require bold public health leadership and courageous acts by politicians. Developing new innovative communication, mitigation and healthcare approaches, particularly in the era of social media is also clearly warranted. We believe that the best public health evidence must inform activities in three priority areas to stop this pandemic: 1) coordinated and consistent stay-at-home orders across multiple jurisdictions, including potential nation-wide mandates; 2) rapid scale-up of SARS-CoV-2 testing; and 3) improving healthcare capacity to respond. The editorial outlines those areas, the rationale behind them, and the call for innovation and the engagement of bold public health leadership to empower courageous political action to reduce the number of people who will die during this pandemic.
JO  - JMIR public health and surveillance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2196/19043
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Coronavirus and the Risks to the Elderly in Long-Term Care
AU  - Gardner, William
AU  - States, David
AU  - Bagley, Nicholas
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Aging & Social Policy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-6
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/08959420.2020.1750543
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/08959420.2020.1750543
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinician Wellness During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Extraordinary Times and Unusual Challenges for the Allergist/Immunologist
AU  - Bansal, Priya
AU  - Bingemann, Theresa A.
AU  - Greenhawt, Matthew
AU  - Mosnaim, Giselle
AU  - Nanda, Anil
AU  - Oppenheimer, John
AU  - Sharma, Hemant
AU  - Stukus, David
AU  - Shaker, Marcus
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The global spread of COVID-19 has caused sudden and dramatic societal changes. The allergy/immunology community has quickly responded by mobilizing practice adjustments and embracing new paradigms of care to protect patients and staff from SARS-CoV-2 exposure. Social distancing is key to slowing contagion but adds to complexity of care and increases isolation and anxiety. Uncertainty exists across a new COVID-19 reality and clinician wellbeing may be an underappreciated priority. Wellness incorporates mental, physical and spiritual health to protect against burnout, which impairs both coping and caregiving abilities. Understanding the stressors that COVID-19 is placing on clinicians can assist in recognizing what is needed to return to a point of wellness. Clinicians can leverage easily accessible tools, including the Strength-Focused and Meaning-Oriented Approach to Resilience and Transformation (SMART) approach, wellness apps, mindfulness, and gratitude. Realizing early warning signs of anxiety, depression, substance abuse, and post-traumatic stress disorder is important to access safe and confidential resources. Implementing wellness strategies can improve flexibility, resilience, and outlook. Historical parallels demonstrate that perseverance is as inevitable as pandemics and that we need not navigate this unprecedented time alone.
JO  - The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaip.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213219820303275
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Joint Guidance from SGEI, ISG and INASL for Gastroenterologists and Gastrointestinal Endoscopists on the Prevention, Care and Management of patients with COVID-19
AU  - Philip, Mathew
AU  - Lakhtakia, Sundeep
AU  - Aggarwal, Rakesh
AU  - Madan, Kaushal
AU  - Saraswat, Vivek
AU  - Makharia, Govind
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which started in December 2019 in China, has resulted in a pandemic leading to significant morbidity and mortality across the globe. Although it mainly causes respiratory symptoms, respiratory failure and death due to multi organ failure, there is evolving evidence to suggest GI and liver involvement by this virus. Due to this, health care professionals taking care of GI and liver diseases are also at an increased risk of getting exposed. So, there is a need for protocols to be prepared to guide the handling of COVID 19 patients by the GI & liver specialists as well as to manage the preexisting GI & liver diseases during the ongoing pandemic. We present here the guidelines prepared jointly by the three Indian professional bodies in the field of GI diseases, namely the Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy of India (SGEI), Indian Society of Gastroenterology (ISG) and Indian National Association for the Study of the Liver (INASL).
JO  - Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jceh.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0973688320300281
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Laboratory Diagnosis of COVID-19 Infection: Current Issues and Challenges
AU  - Tang, Yi-Wei
AU  - Schmitz, Jonathan E.
AU  - Persing, David H.
AU  - Stratton, Charles W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 outbreak has had a major impact on clinical microbiology laboratories in the past several months. This commentary covers current issues and challenges for the laboratory diagnosis of infections caused by SARS-CoV-2. In the pre-analytical stage, collecting the proper respiratory tract specimen at the right time from the right anatomic site is essential for a prompt and accurate molecular diagnosis of COVID-19. Appropriate measures are required to keep laboratory staff safe while producing reliable test results. In the analytic stage, real-time RT-PCR assays remain the molecular test of choice for the etiologic diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection while antibody-based techniques are being introduced as supplemental tools. In the postanalytical stage, testing results should be carefully interpreted using both molecular and serological findings. Finally, random access, integrated devices available at the point of care with scalable capacities will facilitate the rapid and accurate diagnosis and monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 infections and greatly assist in the control of this outbreak.
JO  - Journal of clinical microbiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1128/JCM.00512-20
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32245835
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and Telemedicine: Immediate action required for maintaining healthcare providers well-being
AU  - Moazzami, Bobak
AU  - Razavi-Khorasani, Niloofar
AU  - Dooghaie Moghadam, Arash
AU  - Farokhi, Ermia
AU  - Rezaei, Nima
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The well-being of the health care workforce is the cornerstone of every well-functioning health system. As a result of the pandemic, medical healthcare providers are under an enormous amount of workload pressure along with increased total health expenditures. The overwhelming burden of COVID-19 illness could lead to caregiver burnout. Direct-to-consumer telemedicine can enable patients to connect with their healthcare provider at a distance. This virtual platform could be used by smartphones or webcam-enabled computers and allows physicians to effectively screen patients with early signs of COVID-19 before they reach to hospital.
JO  - Journal of Clinical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 104345-104345
SP  - 104345
EP  - 104345
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104345
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1386653220300871
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Approaches to the management of patients in oral and maxillofacial surgery during COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Zimmermann, Matthias
AU  - Nkenke, Emeka
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Summary Oral and maxillofacial surgery is correlated with a high risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Therefore, the aim of the review is to collect and discuss aspects of the management of patients in oral and maxillofacial surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic. In order to save resources and to avoid unnecessary exposure to infected patients, there is the need to schedule interventions depending on their priority. During the peak of the pandemic, no elective surgery should be performed. Even urgent procedures might be postponed if there is a view to recovery of a COVID-19 patient within a few days. Emergency procedures do not allow any delay. Specialties with overlap in therapies should have well defined arrangements among each other concerning the treatment spectra in order to avoid redundancy and loss of resources. Inpatient and outpatient units have to be organized in such a way that the risk of cross-infection among patients is reduced to a minimum. Especially, testing of patients for SARS-CoV-2 is important to detect the infected patients at an early stage. When surgery is performed on COVID-19 patients, adequate personal protective equipment is crucial. There must be negative pressure in the operating room, and aerosol formation must be reduced to a minimum. In order to address the COVID-19 challenge adequately, significant changes in the infrastructure of outpatient units, inpatient units, and operating rooms are needed. In addition, the demands concerning personal protective equipment increase significantly. The major aim is to protect patients as well as the medical staff from unnecessary infection, and to keep the healthcare system running effectively. Therefore, every effort should be taken to make the necessary investments.
JO  - Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcms.2020.03.011
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1010518220300834
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: Challenges and opportunities for dermatology response
AU  - Chawla, S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As the world faces an unprecedented challenge in the novel coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, which as of 21 March 2020 has had 287,239 confirmed cases and 11,921 number of deaths worldwide, its consequences have reached all facets of medicine, including dermatology.(1) It remains a rapidly evolving scenario with guidance being updated regularly to reflect new information. Whilst it presents unique challenges to dermatology, it also presents an opportunity to help drive the development of new infrastructure to adapt and improve dermatology practice.
JO  - The Journal of dermatological treatment
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/09546634.2020.1751040
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Management of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases in the Wake of COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Pasha, Syed Bilal
AU  - Fatima, Huda
AU  - Ghouri, Yezaz A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jgh.15056
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jgh.15056
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Robot assisted surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially for gynecological cancer: a statement of the Society of European Robotic Gynaecological Surgery (SERGS)
AU  - Kimmig, Rainer
AU  - Verheijen, Rene H. M.
AU  - Rudnicki, Martin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - All surgery performed in an epicenter of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, irrespective of the known or suspected severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) status of the patient, should be regarded as high risk and protection of the surgical team at the bedside should be at the highest level. Robot assisted surgery (RAS) may help to reduce hospital stay for patients that urgently need complex-oncological-surgery, thus making room for COVID-19 patients. In comparison to open or conventional laparoscopic surgery, RAS potentially reduces not only contamination with body fluids and surgical gasses of the surgical area but also the number of directly exposed medical staff. A prerequisite is that general surgical precautions under COVID-19 circumstances must be taken, with the addition of prevention of gas leakage: • Use highest protection level III for bedside assistant, but level II for console surgeon. • Reduce the number of staff at the operation room. • Ensure safe and effective gas evacuation. • Reduce the intra-abdominal pressure to 8 mmHg or below. • Minimize electrocautery power and avoid use of ultrasonic sealing devices. • Surgeons should avoid contact outside theater (both in and out of the hospital).
JO  - Journal of gynecologic oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3802/jgo.2020.31.e59
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 contagion and contamination through hands of trauma patients: what risks and what precautions?
AU  - De Vitis, Rocco
AU  - Passiatore, Marco
AU  - Perna, Andrea
AU  - Proietti, Luca
AU  - Taccardo, Giuseppe
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Hospital Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2020.03.037
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0195670120301754
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Risk of nosocomial transmission of coronavirus disease 2019: an experience in a general ward setting in Hong Kong
AU  - Wong, S. C. Y.
AU  - Kwong, R. T. S.
AU  - Wu, T. C.
AU  - Chan, J. W. M.
AU  - Chu, M. Y.
AU  - Lee, S. Y.
AU  - Wong, H. Y.
AU  - Lung, D. C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - SUMMARY Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was first reported in Wuhan in December 2019 and has rapidly spread across different cities within and outside China. Hong Kong started to prepare for COVID-19 on 31st December 2019 and infection control measures in public hospitals were tightened to limit nosocomial transmission within healthcare facilities. However, the recommendations on the transmission-based precautions required for COVID-19 in hospital settings vary from droplet and contact precautions, to contact and airborne precautions with placement of patients in airborne infection isolation rooms. Aim To describe an outbreak investigation of a patient with COVID-19 who was nursed in an open cubicle of a general ward before the diagnosis was made. Method Contacts were identified and risk categorized as ‘close’ or ‘casual’ for decisions on quarantine and/or medical surveillance. Respiratory specimens were collected from contacts who developed fever, and/or respiratory symptoms during the surveillance period and were tested for SARS-CoV-2. Findings A total of 71 staff and 49 patients were identified from contact tracing, seven staff and 10 patients fulfilled the criteria of ‘close contact’. At the end of 28-day surveillance, 76 tests were performed on 52 contacts and all were negative, including all patient close contacts and six of the seven staff close contacts. The remaining contacts were asymptomatic throughout the surveillance period. Conclusion Our findings suggest that SARS-CoV-2 is not spread by an airborne route, and nosocomial transmissions can be prevented through vigilant basic infection control measures, including wearing of surgical masks, hand and environmental hygiene.
JO  - Journal of Hospital Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2020.03.036
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0195670120301742
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Safe Handling of Containers of Expressed Human Milk in all Settings During the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Pandemic
AU  - Marinelli, Kathleen A.
AU  - Lawrence, Robert M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of human lactation : official journal of International Lactation Consultant Association
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 890334420919083-890334420919083
SP  - 890334420919083
EP  - 890334420919083
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/0890334420919083
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The role of close contacts tracking management in COVID-19 prevention: A cluster investigation in Jiaxing, China
AU  - Ge, Rui
AU  - Qi, Yunpeng
AU  - Yan, Yong
AU  - Tian, Min
AU  - Gu, Qijun
AU  - Chen, Peigen
AU  - Shen, Yuegen
AU  - Chen, Zhongwen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.015
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0163445320301444
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - China empowers Internet hospital to fight against COVID-19
AU  - Sun, Shuangyi
AU  - Yu, Keting
AU  - Xie, Zhen
AU  - Pan, Xiaoting
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 has become a pandemic.?Internet hospitals have reduced the surge of patients into physical hospitals, preventing potential cross-infection in China. Internet hospitals ensure the constant medical services for the public,especially patients with chronic diseases.?Internet hospitals can reach more patients in need by real-time telemedicine consultation, online mental counseling, regular follow-up, and so on.?This innovative medical mode can help other countries to fight against the COVID-19.
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.061
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.061
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Observation and analysis of 26 cases of asymptomatic SARS-COV2 infection
AU  - Zhou, Juan
AU  - Tan, Yingzheng
AU  - Li, Dan
AU  - He, Xiaojin
AU  - Yuan, Ting
AU  - Long, Yunzhu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.028
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0163445320301560
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Response to Commentary on: “The neuroinvasive potential of SARS-CoV-2 may play a role in the respiratory failure of COVID-19 patients”
AU  - Li, Yanchao
AU  - Bai, Wan-Zhu
AU  - Hashikawa, Tsutomu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract In a recent review, we have suggested a neuroinvasive potential of SARS-CoV-2 and its possible role in the causation of acute respiratory failure of COVID-19 patients (J Med Viol doi: 10.1002/jmv.25728), based upon the clinical and experimental data available on the past SARS-CoV-1 and the recent SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. In this article, we provide new evidences recently reported regarding the neurotropic potential of SARS-CoV-2 and respond to several comments on our previously published article. In addition, we also discuss the peculiar manifestations of respiratory failure in COVID-19 patients and the possible involvement of nervous system. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25824
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25824
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and diabetes
AU  - Ma, R. C. W.
AU  - Holt, R. I. G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/dme.14300
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 pneumonia: a review of typical CT findings and differential diagnosis
AU  - Hani, Chahinez
AU  - Trieu, Nghi Hoang
AU  - Saab, Inès
AU  - Dangeard, Séverine
AU  - Bennani, Souhail
AU  - Chassagnon, Guillaume
AU  - Revel, Marie-Pierre
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The standard of reference for confirming COVID-19 relies on microbiological tests such as real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) or sequencing. However, these tests might not be available in an emergency setting. Computed tomography (CT) can be used as an important complement for the diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia in the current epidemic context. In this review, we present the typical CT features of COVID-19 pneumonia and discuss the main differential diagnosis.
JO  - Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diii.2020.03.014
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211568420300917
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - In Vitro Diagnostic Assays for COVID-19: Recent Advances and Emerging Trends
AU  - Vashist, Sandeep Kumar
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - There have been tremendous advances in in vitro diagnostic (IVD) assays for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The main IVD assays used for COVID-19 employ real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) that takes a few hours. But the assay duration has been shortened to 45 min by Cepheid. Of interest is the point-of-care (POC) molecular assay by Abbott that decreased the assay duration to just 5 min. Most molecular tests have been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) under emergency use authorization (EUA) and are Conformit&eacute; Europ&eacute;enne (CE) marked. A wide range of serology immunoassays (IAs) have also been developed that complement the molecular assays for the diagnosis of COVID-19. The most prominent IAs are automated chemiluminescent IA (CLIA), manual ELISA, and rapid lateral flow IA (LFIA), which detect the immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) produced in persons in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection. The ongoing research efforts and advances in complementary technologies will pave the way to new POC IVD assays in the coming months. However, the performance of IVD assays needs to be critically evaluated before they are employed for the clinical diagnosis of COVID-19.
JO  - Diagnostics 2020, Vol. 10, Page 202
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 10
IS  - 4
PG  - 202-202
SP  - 202
EP  - 202
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/DIAGNOSTICS10040202
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Tracking a Virus
AU  - Gould, Kathleen Ahern
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Dimensions of Critical Care Nursing
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 39
IS  - 3
PG  - 131-133
SP  - 131
EP  - 133
AN  - 00003465-202005000-00001
DO  - 10.1097/dcc.0000000000000419
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/dccnjournal/Fulltext/2020/05000/Tracking_a_Virus.1.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How is COVID-19 affecting South Korea? What is our current strategy?
AU  - Her, Minyoung
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the virus SARS-CoV-2 is expanding globally. South Korea is one of the countries most affected by COVID-19 from the very early stages of this pandemic. Explosive outbreaks occurred across South Korea in the first two months, and efforts to control this new virus have involved everyone across the country. To curb the transmission of the virus, health care professionals, committees, and governments have combined many approaches, such as extensive COVID-19 screening, effective patient triage, the transparent provision of information, and the use of information technology. This experience could provide some valuable ideas and lessons to others who are fighting against COVID-19.
JO  - Disaster medicine and public health preparedness
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-7
SP  - 1
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/dmp.2020.69
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Case Report on Early Diagnosis of COVID-19
AU  - Zhou, Yang
AU  - Yang, Le
AU  - Han, Ming
AU  - Huang, Minqiang
AU  - Sun, Xuedong
AU  - Zheng, Weidong
AU  - Han, Wei
AU  - Wang, Jinhong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in Wuhan, China, spread rapidly throughout China, and gradually to some countries abroad. How to control the development of the epidemic? Early diagnosis is one of the important contents in prevention and control. COVID-19 patients with early mild pneumonia often lack typical evidence to make a definitive diagnosis. Based on the analysis of the cases of 4 patients, this article finds that early diagnosis requires a combination of epidemiology, clinical manifestations, imaging, and etiology, with particular emphasis on epidemiology history and chest CT manifestations.
JO  - Disaster medicine and public health preparedness
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-8
SP  - 1
EP  - 8
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/dmp.2020.66
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Limited early warnings and public attention to COVID-19 in China, January-February, 2020: a longitudinal cohort of randomly sampled Weibo users
AU  - Zhu, Yuner
AU  - Fu, King-Wa
AU  - Grépin, Karen A.
AU  - Liang, Hai
AU  - Fung, Isaac Chun-Hai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Awareness and attentiveness have implications for the acceptance and adoption of disease prevention and control measures. Social media posts provide a record of the public's attention to an outbreak. To measure the attention of Chinese netizens to COVID-19, a pre-established nationally representative cohort of Weibo users was searched for COVID-19-related keywords in their posts. METHODS: COVID-19-related posts (N=1101) were retrieved from a longitudinal cohort of 52,268 randomly sampled Weibo accounts (December 31, 2019 - February 12, 2020). RESULTS: Attention to COVID-19 was limited prior to China openly acknowledging human-to-human transmission on January 20. Following this date, attention quickly increased and has remained high over time. Particularly high levels of social media traffic appeared around when Wuhan was first placed in quarantine (January 23-24, 8-9% of the overall posts), when a scandal associated with the Red Cross Society of China occurred (February 1, 8%), and following the death of Dr. Li Wenliang (February 6-7, 11%), one of the whistleblowers reprimanded by the Chinese police in early January for discussing this outbreak online. DISCUSSION: Limited early warnings represent missed opportunities to engage citizens earlier in the outbreak. Governments should more proactively communicate early warnings to the public in a transparent manner.
JO  - Disaster medicine and public health preparedness
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-9
SP  - 1
EP  - 9
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/dmp.2020.68
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients undergoing surgeries during the incubation period of COVID-19 infection
AU  - Lei, Shaoqing
AU  - Jiang, Fang
AU  - Su, Wating
AU  - Chen, Chang
AU  - Chen, Jingli
AU  - Mei, Wei
AU  - Zhan, Li-Ying
AU  - Jia, Yifan
AU  - Zhang, Liangqing
AU  - Liu, Danyong
AU  - Xia, Zhong-Yuan
AU  - Xia, Zhengyuan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background The outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China, has spread rapidly worldwide. In the early stage, we encountered a small but meaningful number of patients who were unintentionally scheduled for elective surgeries during the incubation period of COVID-19. We intended to describe their clinical characteristics and outcomes. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 34 patients underwent elective surgeries during the incubation period of COVID-19 at Renmin Hospital, Zhongnan Hospital, Tongji Hospital and Central Hospital in Wuhan, from January 1 to February 5, 2020. Findings Of the 34 operative patients, the median age was 55 years (IQR, 43–63), and 20 (58·8%) patients were women. All patients developed COVID-19 pneumonia shortly after surgery with abnormal findings on chest computed tomographic scans. Common symptoms included fever (31 [91·2%]), fatigue (25 [73·5%]) and dry cough (18 [52·9%]). 15 (44·1%) patients required admission to intensive care unit (ICU) during disease progression, and 7 patients (20·5%) died after admission to ICU. Compared with non-ICU patients, ICU patients were older, were more likely to have underlying comorbidities, underwent more difficult surgeries, as well as more severe laboratory abnormalities (eg, hyperleukocytemia, lymphopenia). The most common complications in non-survivors included ARDS, shock, arrhythmia and acute cardiac injury. Interpretation In this retrospective cohort study of 34 operative patients with confirmed COVID-19, 15 (44·1%) patients needed ICU care, and the mortality rate was 20·5%. Funding National Natural Science Foundation of China.
JO  - EClinicalMedicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 100331-100331
SP  - 100331
EP  - 100331
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100331
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589537020300754
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 and TMPRSS2 are primarily expressed in bronchial transient secretory cells
AU  - Lukassen, Soeren
AU  - Lorenz Chua, Robert
AU  - Trefzer, Timo
AU  - Kahn, Nicolas C.
AU  - Schneider, Marc A.
AU  - Muley, Thomas
AU  - Winter, Hauke
AU  - Meister, Michael
AU  - Veith, Carmen
AU  - Boots, Agnes W.
AU  - Hennig, Bianca P.
AU  - Kreuter, Michael
AU  - Conrad, Christian
AU  - Eils, Roland
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic affecting the human respiratory system severely challenges public health and urgently demands for increasing our understanding of COVID-19 pathogenesis, especially host factors facilitating virus infection and replication. SARS-CoV-2 was reported to enter cells via binding to ACE2, followed by its priming by TMPRSS2. Here, we investigate ACE2 and TMPRSS2 expression levels and their distribution across cell types in lung tissue (twelve donors, 39,778 cells) and in cells derived from subsegmental bronchial branches (four donors, 17,521 cells) by single nuclei and single cell RNA sequencing, respectively. While TMPRSS2 is expressed in both tissues, in the subsegmental bronchial branches ACE2 is predominantly expressed in a transient secretory cell type. Interestingly, these transiently differentiating cells show an enrichment for pathways related to RHO GTPase function and viral processes suggesting increased vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Our data provide a rich resource for future investigations of COVID-19 infection and pathogenesis.
JO  - The EMBO Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.15252/embj.20105114
UR  - https://doi.org/10.15252/embj.20105114
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 10 Questions and 4 experts on Corona
AU  - Carret, Celine K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract EMM: Following Italy, many other European countries and the USA are implementing various degrees of quarantine/social distancing to slow down the spread of the virus. Are drastic lockdown measures as applied in Huabei better than enforced social distancing to halt COVID-19? Are these measures applied too late to have optimal impact? What would it take for other countries to escape the dramatic escalation we see in Italy or the USA?
JO  - EMBO Molecular Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.15252/emmm.202012317
UR  - https://doi.org/10.15252/emmm.202012317
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Shedding by Travelers, Vietnam, 2020
AU  - Le, Thi Quynh Mai
AU  - Takemura, Taichiro
AU  - Moi, Meng Ling
AU  - Nabeshima, Takeshi
AU  - Nguyen, Le Khanh Hang
AU  - Hoang, Vu Mai Phuong
AU  - Ung, Thi Hong Trang
AU  - Le, Thi Thanh
AU  - Nguyen, Vu Son
AU  - Pham, Hong Quynh Anh
AU  - Duong, Tran Nhu
AU  - Nguyen, Hai Tuan
AU  - Ngu, Duy Nghia
AU  - Nguyen, Cong Khanh
AU  - Morita, Kouichi
AU  - Hasebe, Futoshi
AU  - Dang, Duc Anh
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We analyzed 2 clusters of 12 patients in Vietnam with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection during January-February 2020. Analysis indicated virus transmission from a traveler from China. One asymptomatic patient demonstrated virus shedding, indicating potential virus transmission in the absence of clinical signs and symptoms.
JO  - Emerging infectious diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 26
IS  - 7
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3201/eid2607.200591
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Outbreak Associated with Air Conditioning in Restaurant, Guangzhou, China, 2020
AU  - Lu, Jianyun
AU  - Gu, Jieni
AU  - Li, Kuibiao
AU  - Xu, Conghui
AU  - Su, Wenzhe
AU  - Lai, Zhisheng
AU  - Zhou, Deqian
AU  - Yu, Chao
AU  - Xu, Bin
AU  - Yang, Zhicong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - During January 26-February 10, 2020, an outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus disease in an air-conditioned restaurant in Guangzhou, China, involved 3 family clusters. The airflow direction was consistent with droplet transmission. To prevent the spread of the virus in restaurants, we recommend increasing the distance between tables and improving ventilation.
JO  - Emerging infectious diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 26
IS  - 7
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3201/eid2607.200764
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Plan de contingencia para los servicios de medicina intensiva frente a la pandemia COVID-19♦
AU  - Rascado Sedes, P.
AU  - Ballesteros Sanz, M. Á
AU  - Bodí Saera, M. A.
AU  - Carrasco Rodríguez-Rey, L. F.
AU  - Castellanos Ortega, Á
AU  - Catalán González, M.
AU  - de Haro López, C.
AU  - Díaz Santos, E.
AU  - Escriba Barcena, A.
AU  - Frade Mera, M. J.
AU  - Igeño Cano, J. C.
AU  - Martín Delgado, M. C.
AU  - Martínez Estalella, G.
AU  - Raimondi, N.
AU  - Roca I Gas, O.
AU  - Rodríguez Oviedo, A.
AU  - Romero San Pío, E.
AU  - Trenado Álvarez, J.
AU  - Raurell, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Resumen En enero de 2020 China identificó un nuevo virus de la familia de los Coronaviridae como causante de varios casos de neumonía de origen desconocido. Inicialmente confinado a la ciudad de Wuhan, se extendió posteriormente fuera de las fronteras chinas. En España, el primer caso se declaró el 31 de enero de 2020. El 11 de marzo, la Organización Mundial de la Salud declaró el brote de coronavirus como pandemia. El 16 de marzo había 139 países afectados. Ante esta situación, las Sociedades Científicas SEMICYUC y SEEIUC han decidido la elaboración de este plan de contingencia para dar respuesta a las necesidades que conllevará esta nueva enfermedad. Se pretende estimar la magnitud del problema e identificar las necesidades asistenciales, de recursos humanos y materiales, de manera que los servicios de medicina intensiva del país tengan una herramienta que les permita una planificación óptima y realista con que responder a la pandemia. In January 2020, the Chinese authorities identified a new virus of the Coronaviridae family as the cause of several cases of pneumonia of unknown aetiology. The outbreak was initially confined to Wuhan City, but then spread outside Chinese borders. On 31 January 2020, the first case was declared in Spain. On 11 March 2020, The World Health Organization (WHO) declared the coronavirus outbreak a pandemic. On 16 March 2020, there were 139 countries affected. In this situation, the Scientific Societies SEMICYUC and SEEIUC, have decided to draw up this Contingency Plan to guide the response of the Intensive Care Services. The objectives of this plan are to estimate the magnitude of the problem and identify the necessary human and material resources. This is to provide the Spanish Intensive Medicine Services with a tool to programme optimal response strategies.
JO  - Enfermería Intensiva
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enfi.2020.03.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1130239920300377
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Reflexiones Derivadas De La Pandemia Covid-19
AU  - Raurell-Torredà, M.
AU  - Martínez-Estalella, G.
AU  - Frade-Mera, M. J.
AU  - Carrasco Rodríguez-Rey, L. F.
AU  - Romero de San Pío, E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Resumen Cuando redactábamos las recomendaciones para el plan de contingencia conjunto entre la Sociedad Española de Enfermería Intensiva y Unidades Coronarias (SEEIUC) y la Sociedad Española de Medicina Intensiva, Crítica y Unidades Coronarias (SEMICYUC) los hechos iban por delante de las predicciones ante la magnitud de la pandemia del COVID-19. Socios y socias nos informaban de la falta de equipos de protección individual (EPI), la habilitación rápida de UCI improvisadas en zonas varias de hospitales y el reclutamiento de enfermeras para cubrir turnos. La falta de reconocimiento de la especialidad enfermera en cuidados críticos, englobada dentro la macro especialidad de enfermería médico-quirúrgica, todavía sin desarrollar, ha puesto de relieve la necesidad urgente de aprender de los errores: especialidad, aumentar dotaciones en los equipos de enfermería y proteger el sistema sanitario público. While we were drafting the recommendations for the joint contingency plan between the Spanish Society of Intensive Care and Coronary Unit Nursing (SEEIUC) and the Spanish Society of Intensive and Critical Care Medicine and Coronary Units (SEMICYUC), predictions were overtaken by events with regard to the magnitude of the COVID-19 pandemic. Members informed us of the lack of personal protection equipment (PPE), the rapid provision of improvised ICUs in various hospital areas and the recruitment of nurses to cover shifts. The failure to recognise the specialty of critical care nursing, included in the macro-specialty of medical-surgical nursing and not yet developed, has highlighted the urgent need to learn from our mistakes: specialisation, increase the number of nurses in teams and protect the public health system.
JO  - Enfermería Intensiva
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enfi.2020.03.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1130239920300389
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - From Offline to Online: Challenges and Opportunities for Entrepreneurship Education Following the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Liguori, Eric
AU  - Winkler, Christoph
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Entrepreneurship Education and Pedagogy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 2515127420916738-2515127420916738
SP  - 2515127420916738
EP  - 2515127420916738
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/2515127420916738
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1177/2515127420916738
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Future Perspectives of Wastewater-Based Epidemiology: Monitoring Infectious Disease Spread and Resistance to the Community Level
AU  - Sims, Natalie
AU  - Kasprzyk-Hordern, Barbara
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Infectious diseases are acknowledged as one of the most critical threats to global public health today. Climate change, unprecedented population growth with accelerated rates of antimicrobial resistance, have resulted in both the emergence of novel pathogenic organisms and the re-emergence of infections that were once controlled. The consequences have led to an increased vulnerability to infectious diseases globally. The ability to rapidly monitor the spread of diseases is key for prevention, intervention and control, however several limitations exist for current surveillance systems and the capacity to cope with the rapid population growth and environmental changes. Wastewater-Based Epidemiology (WBE) is a new epidemiology tool that has potential to act as a complementary approach for current infectious disease surveillance systems and an early warning system for disease outbreaks. WBE postulates that through the analysis of population pooled wastewater, infectious disease and resistance spread, the emergence of new disease outbreak to the community level can be monitored comprehensively and in real-time. This manuscript provides critical overview of current infectious disease surveillance status, as well as it introduces WBE and its recent advancements. It also provides recommendations for further development required for WBE application as an effective tool for infectious disease surveillance.
JO  - Environment International
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 105689-105689
SP  - 105689
EP  - 105689
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2020.105689
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412020304542
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Global implications of bio-aerosol in pandemic
AU  - Gautam, Sneha
AU  - Trivedi, Ujwalkumar
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Environment, Development and Sustainability
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-5
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s10668-020-00704-2
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10668-020-00704-2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Can atmospheric pollution be considered a co-factor in extremely high level of SARS-CoV-2 lethality in Northern Italy?
AU  - Conticini, Edoardo
AU  - Frediani, Bruno
AU  - Caro, Dario
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This paper investigates the correlation between the high level of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoronaVirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) lethality and the atmospheric pollution in Northern Italy. Indeed, Lombardy and Emilia Romagna are Italian regions with both the highest level of virus lethality in the world and one of Europe’s most polluted area. Based on this correlation, this paper analyzes the possible link between pollution and the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome and eventually death. We provide evidence that people living in an area with high levels of pollutant are more prone to develop chronic respiratory conditions and suitable to any infective agent. Moreover, a prolonged exposure to air pollution leads to a chronic inflammatory stimulus, even in young and healthy subjects. We conclude that the high level of pollution in Northern Italy should be considered an additional co-factor of the high level of lethality recorded in that area.
JO  - Environmental Pollution
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 114465-114465
SP  - 114465
EP  - 114465
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114465
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0269749120320601
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The challenges and considerations of community-based preparedness at the onset of COVID-19 outbreak in Iran, 2020
AU  - Moradzadeh, Rahmatollah
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Epidemiology and infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-6
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/S0950268820000783
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19 et quelques problématiques éthiques en France
AU  - Charlier, Philippe
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Ethics, Medicine and Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 100510-100510
SP  - 100510
EP  - 100510
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jemep.2020.100510
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352552520300487
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Experiences and lesson strategies for cardiology from the COVID-19 outbreak in Wuhan, China, by ‘on the scene’ cardiologists
AU  - Zhang, Lin
AU  - Fan, Yongzhen
AU  - Lu, Zhibing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Heart Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa266
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/advance-article/doi/10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa266/5815407
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 pandemic and cardiac imaging: EACVI recommendations on precautions, indications, prioritization, and protection for patients and healthcare personnel
AU  - Skulstad, Helge
AU  - Cosyns, Bernard
AU  - Popescu, Bogdan A.
AU  - Galderisi, Maurizio
AU  - Salvo, Giovanni Di
AU  - Donal, Erwan
AU  - Petersen, Steffen
AU  - Gimelli, Alessia
AU  - Haugaa, Kristina H.
AU  - Muraru, Denisa
AU  - Almeida, Ana G.
AU  - Schulz-Menger, Jeanette
AU  - Dweck, Marc R.
AU  - Pontone, Gianluca
AU  - Sade, Leyla Elif
AU  - Gerber, Bernhard
AU  - Maurovich-Horvat, Pal
AU  - Bharucha, Tara
AU  - Cameli, Matteo
AU  - Magne, Julien
AU  - Westwood, Mark
AU  - Maurer, Gerald
AU  - Edvardsen, Thor
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Imaging
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/ehjci/jeaa072
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/ehjcimaging/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ehjci/jeaa072/5815408
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Highlights of traditional Chinese medicine frontline expert advice in the China national guideline for COVID-19
AU  - Ho, Leonard T. F.
AU  - Chan, Karina K. H.
AU  - Chung, Vincent C. H.
AU  - Leung, Ting Hung
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Introduction The World Health Organization has declared the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) as a pandemic on 11 March 2020, after the number of confirmed cases outside China increased 13-fold. As the epicentre of the initial outbreak, China has been updating the National COVID-19 Diagnostic and Treatment Guideline with up-to-date information about the disease. To facilitate the implementation of integrative Chinese–Western Medicine in COVID-19 management, Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been recommended in recent editions of the national guideline. Methods The national guideline summarised the opinions and frontline experience of medical experts across the country to provide by far the best management for COVID-19. We extracted the case definition and clinical classifications of COVID-19 in China along with relevant TCM treatments cited in the seventh edition of the guideline, with an intend to disseminate practical information to TCM practitioners and researchers around the world. Results We presented the most recent case definition, clinical classifications, and relevant TCM treatments of COVID-19 in accordance to recommendations of the Chinese guideline. TCM treatments are stratified into two groups based on patients’ disease status. Four types of Chinese patent medicines are recommended for suspected COVID-19 cases. Several herbal formulae are recommended for confirmed COVID-19 cases according to their clinical classification and TCM pattern diagnoses. Two herbal formulae are also recommended for rehabilitation of recovering cases. Conclusion To control the waves of COVID-19 outbreak, countries must ensure the adherence of their citizens to local public health measures. Medical professionals should diagnose and treat patients according to up-to-date guidelines. Future evaluation of the outcomes of implementing TCM recommendations will strengthen the evidence base for COVID-19 management for the sake of public health and the internationalisation of TCM.
JO  - European Journal of Integrative Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101116-101116
SP  - 101116
EP  - 101116
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eujim.2020.101116
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876382020303899
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The indispensable role of chest CT in the detection of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
AU  - Liu, Jing
AU  - Yu, Hui
AU  - Zhang, Shuixing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00259-020-04795-x
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00259-020-04795-x
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 2019 CORONAVIRUS: What are the implications for cardiology?
AU  - Ferrari, R.
AU  - Di Pasquale, G.
AU  - Rapezzi, C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European journal of preventive cardiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 2047487320918102-2047487320918102
SP  - 2047487320918102
EP  - 2047487320918102
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/2047487320918102
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A dialogue between the editor-in-chief and a deputy editor of a cardiology journal during the coronavirus outbreak: Take-home messages from the Italian experience
AU  - Piepoli, Massimo F.
AU  - Emdin, Michele
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European journal of preventive cardiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 2047487320918077-2047487320918077
SP  - 2047487320918077
EP  - 2047487320918077
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/2047487320918077
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 pneumonia manifestations at the admission on chest ultrasound, radiographs, and CT: single-center study and comprehensive radiologic literature review
AU  - Lomoro, Pascal
AU  - Verde, Francesco
AU  - Zerboni, Filippo
AU  - Simonetti, Igino
AU  - Borghi, Claudia
AU  - Fachinetti, Camilla
AU  - Natalizi, Anna
AU  - Martegani, Alberto
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Purpose To investigate the imaging features of emerging COVID-19 pneumonia on chest ultrasound (US), radiographs (CXR) and computed tomography (CT) examinations performed at admission and to provide a comprehensive radiological literature review on ongoing radiological data from recent publications. Materials and methods In this retrospective single-center study, we enrolled consecutive patients from February 15, 2020, to March 15, 2020, with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 hospitalized in Valduce Hospital (Como, Italy). Multi-modality imaging findings were evaluated and compared. Literature research was conducted through a methodical search on Pubmed and Embase databases. Results Fifty-eight patients (36 men, 22 women; age range, 18–98 years) were included in the study. Among these, chest US, CXR, and CT were performed respectively in twenty-two, thirty-two and forty-two patients. Lung US findings were consistent with diffuse B lines (100%) and subpleural consolidations (27.3%). CXR showed prevalent manifestations of consolidations (46.9%) and hazy increased opacities (37.5%). Typical CT features included bilateral and multilobar ground-glass opacities (GGO) with (59.5%) and without (35.7%) consolidations having a predominantly peripheral distribution (64.3%). Other imaging features included crazy paving pattern (57.1%), fibrous stripes (50%), subpleural lines (35.7%), architectural distortion (28.6%), air bronchogram sign (26.2%), vascular thickening (23.8%) and nodules (2.4%). Also, enlarged lymph nodes (14.3 %) and pleural effusion (7.1%) were observed. The literature review identified twenty-six original studies supporting our imaging chest findings. Conclusion The spectrum of chest imaging manifestations of COVID-19 pneumonia upon admission includes B-lines and consolidations on US, consolidations and hazy increased opacities on CXR, and multifocal GGO with consolidations on CT.
JO  - European Journal of Radiology Open
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 100231-100231
SP  - 100231
EP  - 100231
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejro.2020.100231
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352047720300204
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19, patents and the never-ending tension between proprietary rights and the protection of public health
AU  - Bonadio, Enrico
AU  - Baldini, Andrea
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Journal of Risk Regulation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-6
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/err.2020.24
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/covid19-patents-and-the-neverending-tension-between-proprietary-rights-and-the-protection-of-public-health/45B1B88A5362D4CDB86FE5305A2C1841
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Celebrating TB day at the time of COVID-19
AU  - Alagna, Riccardo
AU  - Besozzi, Giorgio
AU  - Codecasa, Luigi Ruffo
AU  - Gori, Andrea
AU  - Migliori, Giovanni Battista
AU  - Raviglione, Mario
AU  - Cirillo, Daniela Maria
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - March 24th, the tuberculosis (TB) day, is the global call to raise awareness, celebrate successes and remind the world that TB is still the N°1 killer among the infectious causes of death [1]. TB is preventable and curable disease, and its control is a highly cost-effective health intervention. However, diagnostic delay and inadequate treatment contribute to the severity and mortality of the disease as well as the risk of transmission and development of drug resistance. Despite the fact that TB disproportionately impacts low- and middle- income countries, it does not spare any country in the world including those in the European Union/European Economic Area where more than 4000 of people still die for the disease every year [2]. Moreover, the high number of multidrug-resistant (MDR)-TB cases in some countries of the World Health Organization (WHO) European Region poses a growing public health threat. Despite the sheer numbers, TB has for too long been overshadowed by HIV and malaria, and currently by the novel coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) responsible for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic.
JO  - The European respiratory journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1183/13993003.00650-2020
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - An alteration of the dopamine synthetic pathway is possibly involved in the pathophysiology of COVID-19
AU  - Nataf, Serge
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract I have read with great interest the paper by Yan Chao Lee et al. entitled ?The neuroinvasive potential of SARS-CoV2 may be at least partially responsible for the respiratory failure of COVID-19 patients?1. I would like here to provide arguments indicating that an alteration of the dopamine synthetic pathways is possibly involved in the pathophysiology of COVID-19. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25826
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25826
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Comments on 'Co-infection of SARS-CoV-2 and HIV in a patient in Wuhan city, China'
AU  - Nixon, Douglas F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Zhu et al. report in their letter, Co-infection of SARS-CoV-2 and HIV in a patient in Wuhan city, China, a case of COVID19 in an HIV infected patient(1) . However, from the details given in the report, there are doubts that this patient is living with HIV, and additional information would be needed to confirm it. In addition, the antiretroviral drug treatment mentioned is not within the standard guidelines for someone infected with HIV. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25821
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Positive Externalities of an Epidemic: The Case of the Corona Virus (COVID-19) in China
AU  - Okyere, Michael Adu
AU  - Forson, Richmond
AU  - Essel-Gaisey, Felix
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract COVID-19 have undisputedly dented global economies as shown by indicators from the various stock markets. However, amidst these woes, China's quest to contain the spread of the pandemic and ultimately find its cure has resulted in some positive spillovers worth discussing. This commentary focuses on the positive effects that emanated from public policies and strategies enacted in China to control and ultimately to eradicate COVID-19. Specifically, these policies gave more room for testing futuristic technologies, reduce the spread of false information and pollution and provided social safety nets for affected individuals and firms. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25830
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25830
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A twin challenge to handle: COVID-19 with pregnancy
AU  - Sahu, Kamal K.
AU  - Mishra, Ajay K.
AU  - Lal, Amos
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25784
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25784
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-COV-2 and infectivity
AU  - Tresoldi, Ilaria
AU  - Sangiuolo, Carla Federica
AU  - Manzari, Vittorio
AU  - Modesti, Andrea
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract SARS-COV2 represents the causal agent of a potentially fatal disease (COVID-19) that is actually of great global public health concern. SARS-COV2 has diffused throughout the world surprisingly fast demonstrating a far greater infectivity than previously known human coronaviruses and it is also responsible for an unusual high variety of symptoms in affected patients. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25831
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25831
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Respiratory failure alone does not suggest central nervous system invasion by SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Turtle, Lance
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Many viruses can occasionally gain entry into the human central nervous system (CNS), even if most of the disease they cause does not involve the CNS. In a recent review, Li and colleagues (J Med Virol doi: 10.1002/jmv.25728) propose that SARS coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) can enter the human CNS, based upon the observation that a number of patients need mechanical ventilation to treat respiratory failure. However, respiratory failure caused by pneumonia is clinically distinct from that caused by brain failure. The published clinical features of COVID-19 do not suggest that involvement of the CNS is common. The possibility of CNS entry by SARS-CoV-2 remains plausible, but unproven. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25828
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25828
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Lopinavir/ritonavir did not shorten the duration of SARS CoV-2 shedding in patients with mild pneumonia in Taiwan
AU  - Cheng, Chien-Yu
AU  - Lee, Yu-Lin
AU  - Chen, Cheng-Pin
AU  - Lin, Yi-Chun
AU  - Liu, Chun-Eng
AU  - Liao, Chia-hung
AU  - Cheng, Shu-Hsing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - An increase of Ct values was 0.9 per day in 2 cases of COVID-19 treated with lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r), an increase was 1.0 per day in 3 cases without LPV/r through illness day 1 to 10, indicating that LPV/r did not shorten the duration of SARS CoV-2 shedding.
JO  - Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2020.03.032
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S168411822030092X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Treatment options for COVID-19: the reality and challenges
AU  - Jean, Shio-Shin
AU  - Lee, Ping-Ing
AU  - Hsueh, Po-Ren
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - An outbreak related to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was first reported in Wuhan, China in December 2019. An extremely high potential for dissemination resulted in the global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in 2020. Despite the worsening trends of COVID-19, no drugs are validated to have significant efficacy in clinical treatment of COVID-19 patients in large-scale studies. Remdesivir is considered the most promising antiviral agent; it works by inhibiting the activity of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). A large-scale study investigating the clinical efficacy of remdesivir (200 mg on day 1, followed by 100 mg once daily) is on-going. The other excellent anti-influenza RdRp inhibitor favipiravir is also being clinically evaluated for its efficacy in COVID-19 patients. The protease inhibitor lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/RTV) alone is not shown to provide better antiviral efficacy than standard care. However, the regimen of LPV/RTV plus ribavirin was shown to be effective against SARS-CoV in vitro. Another promising alternative is hydroxychloroquine (200 mg thrice daily) plus azithromycin (500 mg on day 1, followed by 250 mg once daily on day 2-5), which showed excellent clinical efficacy on Chinese COVID-19 patients and anti-SARS-CoV-2 potency in vitro. The roles of teicoplanin (which inhibits the viral genome exposure in cytoplasm) and monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies in the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 are under investigation. Avoiding the prescription of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, or angiotensin II type I receptor blockers is advised for COVID-19 patients.
JO  - Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2020.03.034
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1684118220300943
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19
AU  - Sheng, Wang-Huei
AU  - Ko, Wen-Chien
AU  - Huang, Yhu-Chering
AU  - Hsueh, Po-Ren
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2020.03.033
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1684118220300931
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Surgical Decision Making in the Era of COVID-19: A New Set of Rules
AU  - Brown, Jubilee
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmig.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1553465020301709
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Perspectives on Surgery in the time of COVID-19: Safety First
AU  - Cohen, Sarah L.
AU  - Liu, Grace
AU  - Abrao, Mauricio
AU  - Smart, Neil
AU  - Heniford, Todd
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmig.2020.04.003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1553465020301722
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 2020: The Year of the Nurse as Seen Through a Coronavirus Lens
AU  - Gennaro, Susan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Who could have predicted that 2020, designated by the World Health Organization as the Year of the Nurse and Midwife, would so quickly become a year in which nursing plays such a central role? Who could have predicted that this is the year in which we are called to prevent illness, promote health, care for the sick, and bring comfort to the dying, in ways that haven?t been seen since other pandemics (e.g., the flu pandemic of 1918 or the yellow fever epidemics that were experienced in the United States in 1793 and then in recurring waves).
JO  - Journal of Nursing Scholarship
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jnu.12556
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jnu.12556
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Geriatric Medicine in Italy in the Time of Covid-19
AU  - Cesari, Matteo
AU  - Proietti, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The journal of nutrition, health & aging
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12603-020-1354-z
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12603-020-1354-z
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The New Challenge of Geriatrics: Saving Frail Older People from the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic Infection
AU  - Landi, Francesco
AU  - Barillaro, C.
AU  - Bellieni, A.
AU  - Brandi, V.
AU  - Carfì, A.
AU  - D’Angelo, M.
AU  - Fusco, D.
AU  - Landi, G.
AU  - Lo Monaco, R.
AU  - Martone, A. M.
AU  - Marzetti, E.
AU  - Pagano, F.
AU  - Pais, C.
AU  - Russo, A.
AU  - Salini, S.
AU  - Tosato, M.
AU  - Tummolo, A.
AU  - Benvenuto, F.
AU  - Bramato, G.
AU  - Catalano, L.
AU  - Ciciarello, F.
AU  - Martis, I.
AU  - Rocchi, S.
AU  - Rota, E.
AU  - Salerno, A.
AU  - Tritto, M.
AU  - Sgadari, A.
AU  - Zuccalà, G.
AU  - Bernabei, R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The journal of nutrition, health & aging
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-5
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12603-020-1356-x
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12603-020-1356-x
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chinese herbal Huo-Gu Formula for treatment of steroid-associated osteonecrosis of femoral head: a 14-years follow-up of convalescent SARS patients
AU  - Huang, Zeqing
AU  - Fu, Fanyu
AU  - Ye, Hengli
AU  - Gao, Huanhuan
AU  - Tan, Biao
AU  - Wang, Rongtian
AU  - Lin, Na
AU  - Qin, Ling
AU  - Chen, Weiheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Purpose The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) reminds us of the SARS outbreak in 2003, and up to date, corticosteroid is commonly administrated to severe patients with COVID-19. Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a common disabling complication among convalescent SARS patients who received corticosteroid therapy. In China, a considerable number of convalescent SARS patients with steroid-associated ONFH had undergone conservative treatment by Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), and this study aims to evaluate the long-term results of a spleen-invigorating Huo-Gu Formula (HGF) therapy in these patients. Participants and methods: A total of 33 convalescent SARS patients (nine males and 24 females) with bilateral steroid-associated ONFH (66 hips) were enrolled in this study. All patients received oral HGF therapy for six months when they were confirmed the diagnosis of steroid-associated ONFH. They had been regularly followed up at an interval of one year. Harris hip score and medical imaging modalities, including plain radiography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging, were performed to evaluate the outcomes. Results Based on average 14 years of follow-up of HGF therapy (ranging from six to 16 years), 38 hips (57%) among the 66 hips developed definite osteoarthritis, and 14 hips (26%) in 53 pre-collapse hips (ARCO stage I or II) progressed to femoral head collapse(ARCO stage III or IV). Only five patients (also five hips) underwent total hip arthroplasty, and the mean hip survival time was over 15 years by the Kaplan-Meier analysis. We observed a mean Harris hip score of 63 points, which represented the reserve of 55% in pain score and 70% in physical function score. The severity of groin pain was not correlated to the severity of osteoarthritis. Conclusion Chinese herbal HGF therapy demonstrates beneficial effects on preventing femoral head collapse, delaying total hip arthroplasty (THA)surgery, and maintaining physical function in the treatment of steroid-associated ONFH. HGF therapy might be therefore a good alternative for the treatment of steroid-associated ONFH secondary to rheumatologic and infection diseases.
JO  - Journal of Orthopaedic Translation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jot.2020.03.014
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214031X20300449
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Consensus statement on the use of clozapine during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Siskind, Dan
AU  - Honer, William G.
AU  - Clark, Scott
AU  - Correll, Christoph U.
AU  - Hasan, Alkomiet
AU  - Howes, Oliver
AU  - Kane, John M.
AU  - Kelly, Deanna L.
AU  - Laitman, Robert
AU  - Lee, Jimmy
AU  - MacCabe, James H.
AU  - Myles, Nick
AU  - Nielsen, Jimmi
AU  - Schulte, Peter F.
AU  - Taylor, David
AU  - Verdoux, Helene
AU  - Wheeler, Amanda
AU  - Freudenreich, Oliver
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of psychiatry & neuroscience : JPN
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 45
IS  - 3
PG  - 2-2
SP  - 2
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1503/jpn.200061
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19, Coronavirus and Mental Health Rehabilitation at Times of Crisis
AU  - Chaturvedi, Santosh K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation and Mental Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s40737-020-00162-z
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s40737-020-00162-z
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Hydroxychloroquine: a potential ethical dilemma for rheumatologists during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Scuccimarri, Rosie
AU  - Sutton, Evelyn
AU  - Fitzcharles, Mary-Ann
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Two antimalarial agents, chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), have been trusted treatments for a range of rheumatic diseases over the past seventy years [1]. These agents have attracted intense media attention in the past few weeks with suggestions that this category of drugs may have potential in the management of coronavirus (SARS-CoV2) associated disease called COVID-19 [2, 3].
JO  - The Journal of rheumatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3899/jrheum.200369
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Risk Prediction and Assessment: Duration, Infections, and Death Toll of the COVID-19 and Its Impact on China’s Economy
AU  - Yue, Xiao-Guang
AU  - Shao, Xue-Feng
AU  - Li, Rita Yi Man
AU  - Crabbe, M. James C.
AU  - Mi, Lili
AU  - Hu, Siyan
AU  - Baker, Julien S.
AU  - Liu, Liting
AU  - Dong, Kechen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This study first analyzes the national and global infection status of the Coronavirus Disease that emerged in 2019 (COVID-19). It then uses the trend comparison method to predict the inflection point and Key Point of the COVID-19 virus by comparison with the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) graphs, followed by using the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average model, Autoregressive Moving Average model, Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving-Average with Exogenous Regressors, and Holt Winter&rsquo;s Exponential Smoothing to predict infections, deaths, and GDP in China. Finally, it discusses and assesses the impact of these results. This study argues that even if the risks and impacts of the epidemic are significant, China&rsquo;s economy will continue to maintain steady development.
JO  - Journal of Risk and Financial Management 2020, Vol. 13, Page 66
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 13
IS  - 4
PG  - 66-66
SP  - 66
EP  - 66
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/JRFM13040066
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Ethics and Economic Growth in the Age of COVID 19: What Is a Just Society to Do?
AU  - Hilsenrath, Peter E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of Rural Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jrh.12434
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jrh.12434
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Rapid Scale-Up of Telehealth during the COVID-19 Pandemic and Implications for Subspecialty Care in Rural Areas
AU  - Nagata, Jason M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of Rural Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jrh.12433
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jrh.12433
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Strategies for Disseminating and Implementing COVID-19 Public Health Prevention Practices in Rural Areas
AU  - Prusaczyk, Beth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of Rural Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jrh.12432
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jrh.12432
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Proactive and Comprehensive Community Health Actions to Fight the COVID-19 Epidemic: Initial Lessons From Vietnam
AU  - Van Minh, Hoang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of Rural Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jrh.12430
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jrh.12430
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Orthopedic Surgery Post COVID-19: An Opportunity for Innovation and Transformation
AU  - Menendez, Mariano E.
AU  - Jawa, Andrew
AU  - Haas, Derek A.
AU  - Warner, Jon J. P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jse.2020.03.024
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1058274620302846
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Dealing with sleep problems during home confinement due to the COVID-19 outbreak: practical recommendations from a task force of the European CBT-I Academy
AU  - Altena, Ellemarije
AU  - Baglioni, Chiara
AU  - Espie, Colin A.
AU  - Ellis, Jason
AU  - Gavriloff, Dimitri
AU  - Holzinger, Brigitte
AU  - Schlarb, Angelika
AU  - Frase, Lukas
AU  - Jernelöv, Susanna
AU  - Riemann, Dieter
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract In the current global home confinement situation due to the COVID-19 outbreak, most individuals are exposed to an unprecedented stressful situation of unknown duration. This may not only increase daytime stress, anxiety and depression levels but also disrupt sleep. Importantly, because of the fundamental role that sleep plays in emotion regulation, sleep disturbance can have direct consequences upon next day emotional functioning. In this paper we summarize what is known about the stress-sleep link and confinement as well as effective insomnia treatment. We discuss those effects of the current home confinement situation that can disrupt sleep but also those that could benefit sleep quality. We suggest adaptions of cognitive behavioral therapy elements that are feasible to implement for those facing changed work schedules and requirements, those with health anxiety and those handling childcare and homeschooling, whilst also recognizing the general limitations imposed on physical exercise and social interaction. Managing sleep problems as best as possible during home confinement can limit stress and possibly prevent disruptions of social relationships.
JO  - Journal of Sleep Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jsr.13052
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jsr.13052
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Using Technology to Maintain the Education of Residents During the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Chick, Robert Connor
AU  - Clifton, Guy Travis
AU  - Peace, Kaitlin M.
AU  - Propper, Brandon W.
AU  - Hale, Diane F.
AU  - Alseidi, Adnan A.
AU  - Vreeland, Timothy J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background The COVID-19 pandemic presents a unique challenge to surgical residency programs. Due to the restrictions recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and other organizations, the educational landscape for surgical residents is rapidly changing. In addition, the time course of these changes is undefined. Methods We attempt to define the scope of the problem of maintaining surgical resident education while maintaining the safety of residents, educators, and patients. Within the basic framework of limiting in-person gatherings, postponing or canceling elective operations in hospitals, and limiting rotations between sites, we propose innovative solutions to maintain rigorous education. Results We propose several innovative solutions including the flipped classroom model, online practice questions, teleconferencing in place of in-person lectures, involving residents in telemedicine clinics, procedural simulation, and the facilitated use of surgical videos. Although there is no substitute for hands-on learning through operative experience and direct patient care, these may be ways to mitigate the loss of learning exposure during this time. Conclusions These innovative solutions utilizing technology may help to bridge the educational gap for surgical residents during this unprecedented circumstance. The support of national organizations may be beneficial in maintaining rigorous surgical education.
JO  - Journal of Surgical Education
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsurg.2020.03.018
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1931720420300842
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Work in the Time of Coronavirus
AU  - Zhang, Lindsey M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Surgical Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2020.03.047
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022480420301797
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Rational hand hygiene during COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Cavanagh, Gregory
AU  - Wambier, Carlos
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2020.03.090
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0190962220305132
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Dermatology Residents and the Care of COVID-19 Patients
AU  - Stoj, Victoria J.
AU  - Grant-Kels, Jane M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2020.03.086
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0190962220305090
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - CT Scan of a COVID Positive Patient
AU  - Levine, Rykiel
AU  - Caputo, Nicholas
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians Open
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/emp2.12073
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/emp2.12073
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Operational Strategies to Prevent COVID-19 spread in Radiology: Experience from a Singapore Radiology Department after SARS
AU  - Goh, Yonggeng
AU  - Chua, Wynne
AU  - Lee, Joseph K. T.
AU  - Leng Ang, Bertrand Wei
AU  - Liang, Chong Ri
AU  - Tan, Choon Ann
AU  - Wen Choong, Denise Ai
AU  - Hoon, Hui Xiang
AU  - Leong Ong, Michael Kah
AU  - Quek, Swee Tian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As COVID-19 infection spreads globally, the demand for chest imaging will inevitably rise with an accompanying increase in risk of disease transmission to frontline radiology staff. Radiology departments should implement strict infection control measures and robust operational plans to minimise disease transmission and mitigate potential impact of possible staff infection. In this article, the authors share several operational guidelines and strategies implemented in our practice to reduce spread of COVID-19 while maintaining clinical and educational needs of a teaching hospital.
JO  - Journal of the American College of Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacr.2020.03.027
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1546144020303069
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Outbreak, is Radiology Ready? Mass Casualty Incident Planning
AU  - Myers, Lee
AU  - Balakrishnan, Sudheer
AU  - Reddy, Sravanthi
AU  - Gholamrezanezhad, Ali
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American College of Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacr.2020.03.025
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1546144020303045
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus-19 in Geriatrics and Long-Term Care: An Update
AU  - Ouslander, Joseph G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jgs.16464
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.16464
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - ASE Statement on Protection of Patients and Echocardiography Service Providers During the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Outbreak
AU  - Kirkpatrick, James N.
AU  - Mitchell, Carol
AU  - Taub, Cynthia
AU  - Kort, Smadar
AU  - Hung, Judy
AU  - Swaminathan, Madhav
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.echo.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0894731720302091
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: An update from England’s high consequence infectious diseases intensive care unit leads
AU  - Martin, Daniel
AU  - Platt, Sarah
AU  - Hampshire, Peter
AU  - Meadows, Chris
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the Intensive Care Society
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1751143720918517-1751143720918517
SP  - 1751143720918517
EP  - 1751143720918517
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/1751143720918517
UR  - https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1751143720918517
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Corona Virus: Global Pandemic Causing World-Wide Shutdown
AU  - Mitchell, Edith P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the National Medical Association
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnma.2020.03.015
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0027968420300675
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Difference of coagulation features between severe pneumonia induced by SARS-CoV2 and non-SARS-CoV2
AU  - Yin, Shiyu
AU  - Huang, Ming
AU  - Li, Dengju
AU  - Tang, Ning
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is commonly complicated with coagulopathy, the difference of coagulation features between severe pneumonia induced by SARS-CoV2 and non-SARS-CoV2 has not been analyzed. Coagulation results and clinical features of consecutive patients with severe pneumonia induced by SARS-CoV2 (COVID group) and non-SARS-CoV2 (non-COVID group) in Tongji hospital were retrospectively analyzed and compared. Whether patients with elevated D-dimer could benefit from anticoagulant treatment was evaluated. There were 449 COVID patients and 104 non-COVID patients enrolled into the study. The 28-day mortality in COVID group was approximately twofold of mortality in non-COVID group (29.8% vs. 15.4%, P = 0.003), COVID group were older (65.1 ± 12.0 vs. 58.4 ± 18.0, years, P < 0.001) and with higher platelet count (215 ± 100 vs. 188 ± 98, ×109/L, P = 0.015), comparing to non-COVID group. The 28-day mortality of heparin users were lower than nonusers In COVID group with D-dimer > 3.0 μg/mL (32.8% vs. 52.4%, P = 0.017). Patients with severe pneumonia induced by SARS-CoV2 had higher platelet count than those induced by non-SARS-CoV2, and only the former with markedly elevated D-dimer may benefit from anticoagulant treatment.
JO  - Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11239-020-02105-8
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11239-020-02105-8
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Editorial JTH 16 –The Coronavirus Disease COVID-19 and implications for transport and health
AU  - Musselwhite, Charles
AU  - Avineri, Erel
AU  - Susilo, Yusak
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Transport & Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 100853-100853
SP  - 100853
EP  - 100853
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2020.100853
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214140520300578
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Disabled and Hospice Home Care Patients
AU  - Tseng, Tzyy-Guey
AU  - Wu, Hui-Ling
AU  - Ku, Hui-Chuan
AU  - Tai, Chi-Jung
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/gerona/glaa081
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/biomedgerontology/advance-article/doi/10.1093/gerona/glaa081/5815717 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32246144
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Cured COVID-19 case of 86-year-old with 13 chronic diseases: A Case Report
AU  - Tu, Yanhong
AU  - Fang, Ji
AU  - Yin, Menghui
AU  - Yu, Weizhong
AU  - Li, Yinxiong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JTO Clinical and Research Reports
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 100038-100038
SP  - 100038
EP  - 100038
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtocrr.2020.100038
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666364320300436
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Management Of Patients On Dialysis And With Kidney Transplant During SARS-COV-2 (COVID-19) Pandemic In Brescia, Italy
AU  - Alberici, Federico
AU  - Delbarba, Elisa
AU  - Manenti, Chiara
AU  - Econimo, Laura
AU  - Valerio, Francesca
AU  - Pola, Alessandra
AU  - Maffei, Camilla
AU  - Possenti, Stefano
AU  - Piva, Simone
AU  - Latronico, Nicola
AU  - Focà, Emanuele
AU  - Castelli, Francesco
AU  - Gaggia, Paola
AU  - Movilli, Ezio
AU  - Bove, Sergio
AU  - Malberti, Fabio
AU  - Farina, Marco
AU  - Bracchi, Martina
AU  - Costantino, Ester Maria
AU  - Bossini, Nicola
AU  - Gaggiotti, Mario
AU  - Scolari, Francesco
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), also known as coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a major pandemic challenging health care systems around the world. The optimal management of COVID-19 infected patients is still unclear, although the consensus is moving towards the need of a biphasic approach. During the first phase of the disease (from onset of the symptoms up to 7-10 days) viral-induced effects are prominent with the opportunity to institute antiviral therapy. In the second inflammatory phase of the disease, immunosuppressive strategies (for example with glucocorticoids or anti-cytokines drugs)may be considered. This latter stage is characterized by the development of progressive lung involvement with increasing oxygen requirements and occasionally signs of the haemophagocitic syndrome. The management of the disease in patients with kidney disease is even more challenging, especially in those who are immunosuppressed or with severe comorbidities. Here we present the therapeutic approach employed in Brescia (Italy) for managing kidney transplant and hemodialysis patients with COVID-19. Furthermore, we provide some clinical and physiopathological background, as well as preliminary outcome data of our cohort, in order to better clarify the pathogenesis of the disease and clinical management.
JO  - Kidney International Reports
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ekir.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468024920311700
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A planetary health perspective on COVID-19: a call for papers
AU  - Brown, Alastair
AU  - Horton, Richard
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10230
PG  - 1099-1099
SP  - 1099
EP  - 1099
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30742-X
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014067362030742X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The COVID-19 pandemic in the USA: what might we expect?
AU  - Chowell, Gerardo
AU  - Mizumoto, Kenji
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10230
PG  - 1093-1094
SP  - 1093
EP  - 1094
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30743-1
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673620307431
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Urgent dental care for patients during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Dave, Manas
AU  - Seoudi, Noha
AU  - Coulthard, Paul
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30806-0
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673620308060
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Offline: COVID-19—what countries must do now
AU  - Horton, Richard
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10230
PG  - 1100-1100
SP  - 1100
EP  - 1100
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30787-X
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014067362030787X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Offline: COVID-19&#x2014;what countries must do now
AU  - Horton, Richard
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10230
PG  - 1100-1100
SP  - 1100
EP  - 1100
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30787-X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30787-X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Redefining vulnerability in the era of COVID-19
AU  - The, Lancet
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10230
PG  - 1089-1089
SP  - 1089
EP  - 1089
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30757-1
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673620307571
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 will not leave behind refugees and migrants
AU  - The, Lancet
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10230
PG  - 1090-1090
SP  - 1090
EP  - 1090
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30758-3
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673620307583
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Authoritarianism and the threat of infectious diseases
AU  - Pericàs, Juan M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10230
PG  - 1111-1112
SP  - 1111
EP  - 1112
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(19)32595-4
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673619325954
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Developing antibody tests for SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Petherick, Anna
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10230
PG  - 1101-1102
SP  - 1101
EP  - 1102
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30788-1
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673620307881
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Man up
AU  - Shakespeare, Tom
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10230
PG  - 1105-1105
SP  - 1105
EP  - 1105
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30683-8
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30683-8
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Baricitinib for COVID-19: a suitable treatment?
AU  - Favalli, Ennio G.
AU  - Biggioggero, Martina
AU  - Maioli, Gabriella
AU  - Caporali, Roberto
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30262-0
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1473309920302620
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Safety and immunogenicity of a parenteral trivalent P2-VP8 subunit rotavirus vaccine: a multisite, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
AU  - Groome, Michelle J.
AU  - Fairlie, Lee
AU  - Morrison, Julie
AU  - Fix, Alan
AU  - Koen, Anthonet
AU  - Masenya, Maysseb
AU  - Jose, Lisa
AU  - Madhi, Shabir A.
AU  - Page, Nicola
AU  - McNeal, Monica
AU  - Dally, Len
AU  - Cho, Iksung
AU  - Power, Maureen
AU  - Flores, Jorge
AU  - Cryz, Stanley
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BackgroundA monovalent, parenteral, subunit rotavirus vaccine was well tolerated and immunogenic in adults in the USA and in toddlers and infants in South Africa, but elicited poor responses against heterotypic rotavirus strains. We aimed to evaluate safety and immunogenicity of a trivalent vaccine formulation (P2-VP8-P[4],[6],[8]).
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30001-3
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30001-3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Baricitinib for COVID-19: a suitable treatment? &#x2013; Authors' reply
AU  - Richardson, Peter J.
AU  - Corbellino, Mario
AU  - Stebbing, Justin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30270-X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30270-X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preparing African anticancer centres in the COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Souadka, Amine
AU  - Benkabbou, Amine
AU  - Al Ahmadi, Brahim
AU  - Boutayeb, Saber
AU  - Majbar, Mohammed Anass
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30216-3
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30216-3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preparedness for COVID-19 in the oncology community in Africa
AU  - Vanderpuye, Verna
AU  - Elhassan, Moawia Mohammed Ali
AU  - Simonds, Hannah
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30220-5
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30220-5
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Impact of school closures for COVID-19 on the US health-care workforce and net mortality: a modelling study
AU  - Bayham, Jude
AU  - Fenichel, Eli P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BackgroundThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is leading to social (physical) distancing policies worldwide, including in the USA. Some of the first actions taken by governments are the closing of schools. The evidence that mandatory school closures reduce the number of cases and, ultimately, mortality comes from experience with influenza or from models that do not include the effect of school closure on the health-care labour force. The potential benefits from school closures need to be weighed against costs of health-care worker absenteeism associated with additional child-care obligations. In this study, we aimed to measure child-care obligations for US health-care workers arising from school closures when these are used as a social distancing measure. We then assessed how important the contribution of health-care workers would have to be in reducing mortality for their absenteeism due to child-care obligations to undo the benefits of school closures in reducing the number of cases.
JO  - The Lancet Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30082-7
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30082-7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID and the convergence of three crises in Europe
AU  - Bozorgmehr, Kayvan
AU  - Saint, Victoria
AU  - Kaasch, Alexandra
AU  - Stuckler, David
AU  - Kentikelenis, Alexander
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30078-5
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468266720300785
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Correction to Sex difference and smoking predisposition in patients with COVID-19 (The Lancet Respiratory Medicine (2020) 8(4) (e20), (S221326002030117X), (10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30117-X))
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Cai H. Sex difference and smoking predisposition in patients with COVID-19. Lancet Respir Med 2020; 8: e20—In this Correspondence, the author's affiliation has been corrected and the following sentence has been corrected: “A trend towards an association was seen between smoking and severity of COVID-19 in the study by Guan and colleagues4 (11·8% of patients with non-severe disease were smokers vs 16·9% who had severe disease)…”. These corrections have been made to the online version as of April 1, 2020, and the printed version is correct.
JO  - The Lancet Respiratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 8
IS  - 4
PG  - e26
SP  - e26
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30130-2
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005439769 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30130-2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Do chronic respiratory diseases or their treatment affect the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection?
AU  - Halpin, David M. G.
AU  - Faner, Rosa
AU  - Sibila, Oriol
AU  - Badia, Joan Ramon
AU  - Agusti, Alvar
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Respiratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30167-3
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30167-3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Rheumatologists rapidly adjust patient care during COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Kirby, Tony
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Rheumatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2665-9913(20)30094-1
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2665991320300941
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and prevalence of chronic liver disease: A meta-analysis
AU  - Mantovani, Alessandro
AU  - Beatrice, Giorgia
AU  - Dalbeni, Andrea
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract At present, there is scarce information regarding the global prevalence of chronic liver disease in individuals with COVID-19 disease, which is become a global pandemic early. Aim of this study was to assess the overall prevalence of chronic liver disease among patients with COVID-19 disease by meta-analyzing data in observational studies and to investigate the relationship between liver damage and COVID-19 disease. We included 11 observational studies for a total of 2,034 adult individuals (median age 49 years [IQR 45-54], 57.2% men). The overall prevalence of chronic liver disease at baseline was 3% (95% CI 2-4%; I2=29.1%). Individuals with severe COVID-19 disease had relevant alterations of liver enzymes and coagulative profile, probably due to the innate immune response against the virus. Further studies are needed to better investigate the causes of liver injury in patients with COVID-19 disease and the effect of treatment for COVID-19 on the liver.
JO  - Liver International
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/liv.14465
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.14465
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Let’s not forget our COVID-19-free cirrhotic patients!
AU  - Viganò, Mauro
AU  - Carbone, Marco
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract The recently published paper by Xu et al. (1) summarized the characteristics and mechanisms of liver injury caused by SARS-CoV-2, however without considering all possible consequences of the epidemic in the management of patients with liver disease.
JO  - Liver International
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/liv.14460
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.14460
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pick of the coronavirus papers: Masks could cut spread of COVID-19 virus
AU  - Nature
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Nature wades through the literature on COVID-19 so you don’t have to. Surgical face masks effectively block the spread of seasonal coronaviruses in respiratory droplets, suggesting that masks could prevent transmission of SARS-CoV-2.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00502-w
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00502-w
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus volunteers, bushfire deaths and a telescope delay
AU  - Nature
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 580
IS  - 7801
PG  - 13-13
SP  - 13
EP  - 13
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00907-7
UR  - http://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00907-7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus occurrence and transmission over 8 years in the HIVE cohort of households in Michigan
AU  - Monto, Arnold S.
AU  - DeJonge, Peter
AU  - Callear, Amy P.
AU  - Bazzi, Latifa A.
AU  - Capriola, Skylar
AU  - Malosh, Ryan E.
AU  - Martin, Emily T.
AU  - Petrie, Joshua G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND As part of the Household Influenza Vaccine Evaluation (HIVE) study, acute respiratory infections (ARI) have been identified in children and adults over 8 years. METHODS Annually, 890 to 1441 individuals were followed and contacted weekly to report ARIs. Specimens collected during illness were tested for human coronaviruses (HCoV) types OC43, 229E, HKU1, and NL63. RESULTS In total, 993 HCoV infections were identified over 8 years, with OC43 most commonly seen and 229E the least. HCoVs were detected in a limited time period, between December and April/May, and peaked in January/February. Highest infection frequency was in children <5 years (18 per 100 person-years), with little variation in older age groups (range: 7 to 11 per 100 person-years). Overall, 9% of adult cases and 20% of cases in children were associated with medical consultation. Of the 993 infections, 260 were acquired from an infected household contact. The serial interval between index and household-acquired cases ranged from 3.2 to 3.6 days and the secondary infection risk ranged from 7.2% to 12.6% by type. CONCLUSIONS Coronaviruses are sharply seasonal. They appear, based on serial interval and secondary infection risk, to have similar transmission potential to influenza A(H3N2) in the same population.
JO  - The Journal of infectious diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/infdis/jiaa161
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/jid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/infdis/jiaa161/5815743 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32246136
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Familial hypercholesterolemia and COVID-19: triggering of increased sustained cardiovascular risk
AU  - Vuorio, Alpo
AU  - Watts, Gerald F.
AU  - Kovanen, Petri T.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Early data from Wuhan, China show that patients with COVID-19 are typically male, aged 40 to 60 years, and about one-third have comorbidities. Moreover, of 138 COVID-19 patients hospitalized in Wuhan and treated in an intensive care unit (ICU), 25% had cardiovascular disease and 58% hypertension; the respective figures for non-ICU-treated COVID-19 patients were 10% and 22% [1]. Based on these early data, a predisposition to acute cardiac complications related to underlying atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) may significantly increase the severity of COVID-19 in susceptible individuals.
JO  - Journal of internal medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/joim.13070
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical Course and Outcomes of Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection: a Preliminary Report of the First 28 Patients from the Korean Cohort Study on COVID-19
AU  - Kim, Eu Suk
AU  - Chin, Bum Sik
AU  - Kang, Chang Kyung
AU  - Kim, Nam Joong
AU  - Kang, Yu Min
AU  - Choi, Jae Phil
AU  - Oh, Dong Hyun
AU  - Kim, Jeong Han
AU  - Koh, Boram
AU  - Kim, Seong Eun
AU  - Yun, Na Ra
AU  - Lee, Jae Hoon
AU  - Kim, Jin Yong
AU  - Kim, Yeonjae
AU  - Bang, Ji Hwan
AU  - Song, Kyoung Ho
AU  - Kim, Hong Bin
AU  - Chung, Ki Hyun
AU  - Oh, Myoung Don
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-infected pneumonia emerged in Wuhan, China in December 2019. In this retrospective multicenter study, we investigated the clinical course and outcomes of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from early cases in Republic of Korea. METHODS: All of the cases confirmed by real time polymerase chain reaction were enrolled from the 1st to the 28th patient nationwide. Clinical data were collected and analyzed for changes in clinical severity including laboratory, radiological, and virologic dynamics during the progression of illness. RESULTS: The median age was 40 years (range, 20-73 years) and 15 (53.6%) patients were male. The most common symptoms were cough (28.6%) and sore throat (28.6%), followed by fever (25.0%). Diarrhea was not common (10.7%). Two patients had no symptoms. Initial chest X-ray (CXR) showed infiltration in 46.4% of the patients, but computed tomography scan confirmed pneumonia in 88.9% (16/18) of the patients. Six patients (21.4%) required supplemental oxygen therapy, but no one needed mechanical ventilation. Lymphopenia was more common in severe cases. Higher level of C-reactive protein and worsening of chest radiographic score was observed during the 5-7 day period after symptom onset. Viral shedding was high from day 1 of illness, especially from the upper respiratory tract (URT). CONCLUSION: The prodromal symptoms of COVID-19 were mild and most patients did not have limitations of daily activity. Viral shedding from URT was high from the prodromal phase. Radiological pneumonia was common from the early days of illness, but it was frequently not evident in simple CXR. These findings could be plausible explanations for the easy and rapid spread of SARS-CoV-2 in the community.
JO  - Journal of Korean medical science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 35
IS  - 13
PG  - e142-e142
SP  - e142
EP  - e142
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e142
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - School Opening Delay Effect on Transmission Dynamics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Korea: Based on Mathematical Modeling and Simulation Study
AU  - Kim, Soyoung
AU  - Kim, Yae Jean
AU  - Peck, Kyong Ran
AU  - Jung, Eunok
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Nonpharmaceutical intervention strategy is significantly important to mitigate the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) spread. One of the interventions implemented by the government is a school closure. The Ministry of Education decided to postpone the school opening from March 2 to April 6 to minimize epidemic size. We aimed to quantify the school closure effect on the COVID-19 epidemic. METHODS: The potential effects of school opening were measured using a mathematical model considering two age groups: children (aged 19 years and younger) and adults (aged over 19). Based on susceptible-exposed-infectious-recovered model, isolation and behavior-changed susceptible individuals are additionally considered. The transmission parameters were estimated from the laboratory confirmed data reported by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention from February 16 to March 22. The model was extended with estimated parameters and estimated the expected number of confirmed cases as the transmission rate increased after school opening. RESULTS: Assuming the transmission rate between children group would be increasing 10 fold after the schools open, approximately additional 60 cases are expected to occur from March 2 to March 9, and approximately additional 100 children cases are expected from March 9 to March 23. After March 23, the number of expected cases for children is 28.4 for 7 days and 33.6 for 14 days. CONCLUSION: The simulation results show that the government could reduce at least 200 cases, with two announcements by the Ministry of education. After March 23, although the possibility of massive transmission in the children's age group is lower, group transmission is possible to occur.
JO  - Journal of Korean medical science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 35
IS  - 13
PG  - e143-e143
SP  - e143
EP  - e143
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e143
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Lesson from Temporary Closing of a Single University-affiliated Hospital owing to In-Hospital Transmission of Coronavirus Disease 2019
AU  - Lee, Heayon
AU  - Heo, Jung Won
AU  - Kim, Sei Won
AU  - Lee, Jehoon
AU  - Choi, Jung Hyun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Korean medical science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 35
IS  - 13
PG  - e145-e145
SP  - e145
EP  - e145
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e145
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Out-of-Hospital Cohort Treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients with Mild Symptoms in Korea: an Experience from a Single Community Treatment Center
AU  - Park, Peong Gang
AU  - Kim, Chang Hyup
AU  - Heo, Yoon
AU  - Kim, Tae Suk
AU  - Park, Chan Woo
AU  - Kim, Choong Hyo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused a worldwide pandemic. Less than 6 weeks after the first confirmed cases in Korea, the patient number exceeded 5,000, which overcrowded limited hospital resources and forced confirmed patients to stay at home. To allocate medical resources efficiently, Korea implemented a novel institution for the purpose of treating patients with cohort isolation out of hospital, namely the Community Treatment Center (CTC). Herein, we report results of the initial management of patients at one of the largest CTC in Korea. A total of 309 patients were admitted to our CTC. During the first two weeks, 7 patients were transferred to the hospital because of symptom aggravation and 107 patients were discharged without any complication. Although it is a novel concept and may have some limitations, CTC may be a very cost-effective and resource-saving strategy in managing massive cases of COVID-19 or other emerging infectious diseases.
JO  - Journal of Korean medical science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 35
IS  - 13
PG  - e140-e140
SP  - e140
EP  - e140
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e140
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Academic leadership in a time of crisis: The coronavirus and COVID-19
AU  - Fernandez, Antonio Arturo
AU  - Shaw, Graham Paul
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus and the disease it causes, COVID-19 is one of the most unpredictable global public health crises in recent times. Academic leaders across the U.S. have responded by moving their educational and associated activities online; as a sense of immediacy swept the nation. The decision to pivot to remote learning was made swiftly, particularly by those institutions operating a shared leadership model, benefitting from a greater degree of agility, innovation, and collaboration. The current article highlights three of the leadership best practices for navigating unpredictable adaptive challenges such as that posed by the coronavirus pandemic. Firstly, by utilizing a type of servant leadership, that emphasizes empowerment, involvement and collaboration, academic leaders with emotional intelligence and emotional stability should place the interests of others above their own. Secondly, academic leaders should distribute leadership responsibilities to a network of teams throughout the organization to improve the quality of the decisions made in crisis resolution and thirdly, leaders should communicate clearly and frequently to all stakeholders through a variety of communication channels. Looking forward, the rise of the flexible ?allostatic leader? with the adaptive capacity to learn and evolve in crisis, to emerge better able to address future crises, is described. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of Leadership Studies
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jls.21684
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jls.21684
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Use of Rapid Online Surveys to Assess People's Perceptions During Infectious Disease Outbreaks: A Cross-sectional Survey on COVID-19
AU  - Geldsetzer, Pascal
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Given the extensive time needed to conduct a nationally representative household survey and the commonly low response rate of phone surveys, rapid online surveys may be a promising method to assess and track knowledge and perceptions among the general public during fast-moving infectious disease outbreaks. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to apply rapid online surveying to determine knowledge and perceptions of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among the general public in the United States and the United Kingdom. METHODS: An online questionnaire was administered to 3000 adults residing in the United States and 3000 adults residing in the United Kingdom who had registered with Prolific Academic to participate in online research. Prolific Academic established strata by age (18-27, 28-37, 38-47, 48-57, or ≥58 years), sex (male or female), and ethnicity (white, black or African American, Asian or Asian Indian, mixed, or "other"), as well as all permutations of these strata. The number of participants who could enroll in each of these strata was calculated to reflect the distribution in the US and UK general population. Enrollment into the survey within each stratum was on a first-come, first-served basis. Participants completed the questionnaire between February 23 and March 2, 2020. RESULTS: A total of 2986 and 2988 adults residing in the United States and the United Kingdom, respectively, completed the questionnaire. Of those, 64.4% (1924/2986) of US participants and 51.5% (1540/2988) of UK participants had a tertiary education degree, 67.5% (2015/2986) of US participants had a total household income between US $20,000 and US $99,999, and 74.4% (2223/2988) of UK participants had a total household income between £15,000 and £74,999. US and UK participants' median estimate for the probability of a fatal disease course among those infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was 5.0% (IQR 2.0%-15.0%) and 3.0% (IQR 2.0%-10.0%), respectively. Participants generally had good knowledge of the main mode of disease transmission and common symptoms of COVID-19. However, a substantial proportion of participants had misconceptions about how to prevent an infection and the recommended care-seeking behavior. For instance, 37.8% (95% CI 36.1%-39.6%) of US participants and 29.7% (95% CI 28.1%-31.4%) of UK participants thought that wearing a common surgical mask was "highly effective" in protecting them from acquiring COVID-19, and 25.6% (95% CI 24.1%-27.2%) of US participants and 29.6% (95% CI 28.0%-31.3%) of UK participants thought it was prudent to refrain from eating at Chinese restaurants. Around half (53.8%, 95% CI 52.1%-55.6%) of US participants and 39.1% (95% CI 37.4%-40.9%) of UK participants thought that children were at an especially high risk of death when infected with SARS-CoV-2. CONCLUSIONS: The distribution of participants by total household income and education followed approximately that of the US and UK general population. The findings from this online survey could guide information campaigns by public health authorities, clinicians, and the media. More broadly, rapid online surveys could be an important tool in tracking the public's knowledge and misperceptions during rapidly moving infectious disease outbreaks.
JO  - Journal of medical Internet research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 22
IS  - 4
PG  - e18790-e18790
SP  - e18790
EP  - e18790
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2196/18790
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Imaging and Clinical Features of Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2: A systematic review and meta-analysis
AU  - Cao, Yinghao
AU  - Liu, Xiaoling
AU  - Xiong, Lijuan
AU  - Cai, Kailin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Currently, the epidemic of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has begun to spread worldwide. We aim to explore reliable evidences for the diagnosis and treatment of the COVID-19 by analyzing all the published studies by Chinese scholars on the clinical and imaging features in novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) caused by SARS-CoV-2. METHODS: We searched five medical databases including two Chinese and three English databases for all published articles on COVID-19 since the outbreak. A random-effects model was designed, and the imaging and clinical data from all studies were collected for meta-analysis. RESULTS: Overall, 31 articles and 46959 patients were included, including 10 English articles, 21 Chinese articles. The results of meta-analysis showed that the most common clinical manifestations were fever (87.3%, 0.838-0.909), cough (58.1%, 0.502-0.660), dyspnea (38.3%, 0.246-0.520), muscle soreness or fatigue (35.5%, 0.253-0.456), chest distress (31.2%, -0.024-0.648). The main imaging finding were bilateral pneumonia (75.7%, 0.639-0.871), and ground glass opacification (69.9%, 0.602-0.796). Among the patients, the incidence of required intensive care unit (ICU) was (29.3%, 0.190-0.395), the incidence of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) was (28.8%, 0.147-0.429), the multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) was (8.5%, -0.008-0.179), and and the case fatality rate of patients with COVID-19 was (6.8%, 0.044-0.093). CONCLUSION: COVID-19 is a new clinical infectious disease, which mainly causes bilateral pneumonia, and lung function will deteriorate rapidly. Nearly a third of patients need to be admitted to the ICU, and patients are likely to cause respiratory failure or even death. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25822
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in Feces of COVID-19 Patients
AU  - Chen, Yifei
AU  - Chen, Liangjun
AU  - Deng, Qiaoling
AU  - Zhang, Guqin
AU  - Wu, Kaisong
AU  - Ni, Lan
AU  - Yang, Yibin
AU  - Liu, Bing
AU  - Wang, Wei
AU  - Wei, Chaojie
AU  - Yang, Jiong
AU  - Ye, Guangming
AU  - Cheng, Zhenshun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Background In December 2019, Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), emerged in Wuhan, China, and has spread globally. However, the transmission route of SARS-CoV-2 has not been fully understood. In this study, we aimed to investigate the SARS-CoV-2 shedding in excreta of COVID-19 patients. Methods Electronical medical records, including demographics, clinical characteristics, laboratory and radiological findings, of enrolled patients were extracted and analyzed. Pharyngeal swab, stool and urine specimens were collected and tested for SARS-CoV-2 RNA by RT-PCR. Viral shedding at multiple time points in specimens was recorded, and analyzed its correlation with clinical manifestations and the severity of illness. Results A total of 42 laboratory-confirmed patients were enrolled, 8 (19.05%) of whom had gastrointestinal symptoms. 28 (66.67%) patients tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA in stool specimens, which was not associated with the presence of gastrointestinal symptoms and the severity of illness. Among them, 18 (64.29%) patients remained positive for viral RNA in feces after pharyngeal swabs turned negative. The duration of viral shedding from feces after negative conversion in pharyngeal swabs was 7 (6-10) days, regardless of COVID-19 severity. The demographics, clinical characteristics, laboratory and radiologic findings did no differ between patients tested positive and negative for SARS-CoV-2 RNA in feces. Viral RNA was not detectable in urine specimens from 10 patients. Conclusions Our results demonstrated the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in feces of COVID-19 patients, and suggested the possibility of SARS-CoV-2 transmission via the fecal-oral route. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25825
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25825
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Response to Carletti et al., "About the origin of the first two Sars-CoV-2 infections in Italy: inference not supported by appropriate sequence analysis."
AU  - Ciccozzi, Massimo
AU  - Giovanetti, Marta
AU  - Benvenuto, Domenico
AU  - Angeletti, Silvia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The first one, as the authors should know, that in order to estimate phylogenies on a natural timescale a 'molecular clock' analysis has to be applied. A molecular clock is a theory attributed to Emile Zuckerkandl and Linus Pauling (1962), describing the relationship between observed genetic distances and time. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25823
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Global approaches for global challenges: the possible support of rehabilitation in the management of COVID-19
AU  - Coraci, Daniele
AU  - Fusco, Augusto
AU  - Frizziero, Antonio
AU  - Giovannini, Silvia
AU  - Biscotti, Lorenzo
AU  - Padua, Luca
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract We have read with interest the paper by Li and colleagues about the neurotropism of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), responsible of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), recently discovered in China and now worldwide spread.1 In particular, the paper focuses on the role of the nervous system involvement in causing the respiratory failure. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25829
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25829
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Detection of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in patients with COVID-19
AU  - Du, Zhe
AU  - Zhu, Fengxue
AU  - Guo, Fuzheng
AU  - Yang, Bo
AU  - Wang, Tianbing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Detection of IgM and IgG against SARS-CoV-2 is a fast and simple screening method. As an effective supplement to RNA testing, antibody detection is of epidemiological significance and an important means to understand the occurrence, development, prognosis, and outcome of COVID-19. However, more medical research is needed on the expression level of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and the prognosis of COVID-19. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25820
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25820
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The effectiveness of the quarantine of Wuhan city against the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): well-mixed SEIR model analysis
AU  - Hou, Can
AU  - Chen, Jiaxin
AU  - Zhou, Yaqing
AU  - Hua, Lei
AU  - Yuan, Jinxia
AU  - He, Shu
AU  - Guo, Yi
AU  - Zhang, Sheng
AU  - Jia, Qiaowei
AU  - Zhao, Chenhui
AU  - Zhang, Jing
AU  - Xu, Guangxu
AU  - Jia, Enzhi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Background A novel coronavirus pneumonia, first identified in Wuhan City and referred to as COVID-19 by the World Health Organization, has been quickly spreading to other cities and countries. To control the epidemic, the Chinese government mandated a quarantine of the Wuhan city on January 23, 2020. To explore the effectiveness of the quarantine of the Wuhan city against this epidemic, transmission dynamics of COVID-19 have been estimated. Methods A well-mixed ?susceptible exposed infectious recovered? (SEIR) compartmental model was employed to describe the dynamics of the COVID-19 epidemic based on epidemiological characteristics of individuals, clinical progression of COVID-19, and quarantine intervention measures of the authority. Results Considering infected individuals as contagious during the latency period, the well-mixed SEIR model fitting results based on the assumed contact rate of latent individuals are within 6?18, which represented the possible impact of quarantine and isolation interventions on disease infections, whereas other parameter were suppose as unchanged under the current intervention. Conclusion The present study shows that, by reducing the contact rate of latent individuals, interventions such as quarantine and isolation can effectively reduce the potential peak number of COVID-19 infections and delay the time of peak infection. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25827
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25827
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte ratio and Lymphocyte-to-C-reactive protein ratio in patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A meta-analysis
AU  - Lagunas-Rangel, Francisco Alejandro
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) defined Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) as a pandemic, with a series of confirmed cases that currently exceeded 300,000 people worldwide and with approximately 14,500 deaths. Accumulated evidence suggests that a subgroup of patients with severe COVID-19 could have a dysregulation of the immune response that allows the development of viral hyperinflammation. Thus, all patients with severe COVID-19 should be screened for hyperinflammation using laboratory parameters in order to improve mortality. Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and Lymphocyte-to-C-reactive protein ratio (LCR) are established inflammation markers that reflect systemic inflammatory response, and both are available in almost all laboratories. In this study, a meta-analysis was performed to investigate whether NLR and LCR values can help predict clinical severity in patients with COVID-19. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25819
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - What the stock market tells us about the post-COVID-19 world
AU  - Wagner, Alexander F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature human behaviour
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41562-020-0869-y
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Safeguard research in the time of COVID-19
AU  - Nature
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41591-020-0852-1
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Science in the time of coronavirus
AU  - Nature
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature Methods
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 17
IS  - 4
PG  - 355-355
SP  - 355
EP  - 355
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41592-020-0807-y
UR  - http://www.nature.com/articles/s41592-020-0807-y
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cancer, COVID-19 and the precautionary principle: prioritizing treatment during a global pandemic
AU  - Hanna, Timothy P.
AU  - Evans, Gerald A.
AU  - Booth, Christopher M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature reviews. Clinical oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41571-020-0362-6
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Endocrine and metabolic link to coronavirus infection
AU  - Bornstein, Stefan R.
AU  - Dalan, Rinkoo
AU  - Hopkins, David
AU  - Mingrone, Geltrude
AU  - Boehm, Bernhard O.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature reviews. Endocrinology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41574-020-0353-9
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mechano-genomic regulation of coronaviruses and its interplay with ageing
AU  - Uhler, Caroline
AU  - Shivashankar, G. V.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41580-020-0242-z
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The COVID-19 Global Rheumatology Alliance: collecting data in a pandemic
AU  - Robinson, Philip C.
AU  - Yazdany, Jinoos
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature reviews. Rheumatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41584-020-0418-0
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recomendaciones en el manejo de la pandemia por coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) en pacientes con trasplante renal
AU  - López, Verónica
AU  - Vázquez, Teresa
AU  - Alonso-Titos, Juana
AU  - Cabello, Mercedes
AU  - Alonso, Angel
AU  - Beneyto, Isabel
AU  - Crespo, Marta
AU  - Díaz-Corte, Carmen
AU  - Franco, Antonio
AU  - González-Roncero, Francisco
AU  - Gutiérrez, Elena
AU  - Guirado, Luis
AU  - Jiménez, Carlos
AU  - Jironda, Cristina
AU  - Lauzurica, Ricardo
AU  - Llorente, Santiago
AU  - Mazuecos, Auxiliadora
AU  - Paul, Javier
AU  - Rodríguez-Benot, Alberto
AU  - Ruiz, Juan Carlos
AU  - Sánchez-Fructuoso, Ana
AU  - Sola, Eugenia
AU  - Torregrosa, Vicente
AU  - Zárraga, Sofía
AU  - Hernández, Domingo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - RESUMEN La pandemia por coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) está evolucionando de manera muy rápida y representa un riesgo especial en pacientes inmunodeprimidos y con comorbilidades añadidas. El conocimiento sobre esta infección emergente va también en aumento, si bien, aún sigue habiendo muchas incógnitas, sobre todo en la población con trasplante renal. Este manuscrito presenta una propuesta de actuación con recomendaciones generales y específicas para proteger y prevenir de la infección a esta población tan vulnerable como son los receptores de un trasplante renal. SUMMARY The SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) coronavirus pandemic is evolving very quickly and means a special risk for both immunosuppressed and comorbid patients. Knowledge about this growing infection is also increasing although many uncertainties remain, especially in the kidney transplant population. This manuscript presents a proposal for action with general and specific recommendations to protect and prevent infection in this vulnerable population such as kidney transplant recipients.
JO  - Nefrología
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nefro.2020.03.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0211699520300370
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Treating multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Brownlee, Wallace
AU  - Bourdette, Dennis
AU  - Broadley, Simon
AU  - Killestein, Joep
AU  - Ciccarelli, Olga
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The emergence of novel Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19)(1) and the subsequent pandemic present a unique challenge to Neurologists managing patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and related neuroinflammatory disorders, such as neuromyelitis spectrum disorder (NMOSD).
JO  - Neurology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1212/WNL.0000000000009507
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Letter: The Coronavirus Disease 2019 Global Pandemic: A Neurosurgical Treatment Algorithm
AU  - Burke, John F.
AU  - Chan, Andrew K.
AU  - Mummaneni, Valli
AU  - Chou, Dean
AU  - Lobo, Errol P.
AU  - Berger, Mitchel S.
AU  - Theodosopoulos, Philip V.
AU  - Mummaneni, Praveen V.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Neurosurgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/neuros/nyaa116
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/neurosurgery/advance-article/doi/10.1093/neuros/nyaa116/5815125
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mutated COVID-19, May Foretells Mankind in a Great Risk in the Future
AU  - Dawood, Ali A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Corona virus disease 2019 SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) is a zoonotic virus causing a variety of severe of respiratory diseases. SARS-CoV-2 is closest to SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV in structure. The highly prevalence of COVID-19 is due to the lack onset of symptoms. Our study aimed to present an overview of the virus in terms of structure, epidemiology, symptoms, treatment, and prevention. Conduct the differences of whole genome sequence and some viral proteins to determine the gap and the change alternation of nucleotides and amino acids sequences. We evaluate 11 complete genome sequence of different coronavirus using BAST and MAFFT software. We also selected 7 types of structural proteins. We were conclude that COVID-19 might be created new mutations specifically in glycoproteins hence requires caution and complete preparation by health authorities.
JO  - New Microbes and New Infections
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 100673-100673
SP  - 100673
EP  - 100673
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nmni.2020.100673
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2052297520300251
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Sever case of of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Gansu
AU  - Zhang, Yingjie
AU  - Zhang, Liping
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - An outbreak infection with the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has developed in Wuhan since December 2019.This paper describes the first critical case in Gansu China.
JO  - New Microbes and New Infections
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 100674-100674
SP  - 100674
EP  - 100674
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nmni.2020.100674
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2052297520300263
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Numbers with little meaning
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Estimates of covid-19's predicted death toll abound, but are of little use
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 245
IS  - 3276
PG  - 5-5
SP  - 5
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30656-4
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920306564
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Taking down covid-19
AU  - Arnold, Carrie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Thousands of people are searching for coronavirus treatments. Which are most promising and when will we have them, asks Carrie Arnold
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 245
IS  - 3276
PG  - 44-47
SP  - 44
EP  - 47
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30692-8
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920306928
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Crisis in New York City
AU  - Arnold, Carrie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The coronavirus outbreak has hit the city hard and doctors are racing to treat the rapidly increasing cases, reports Carrie Arnold
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 245
IS  - 3276
PG  - 7-7
SP  - 7
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30657-6
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920306576
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Tackling two crises at once
AU  - Figueres, Christiana
AU  - Rivett-Carnac, Tom
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We can't lose sight of the climate emergency when dealing with the covid-19 pandemic, say Christiana Figueres and Tom Rivett-Carnac
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 245
IS  - 3276
PG  - 23-23
SP  - 23
EP  - 23
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30683-7
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920306837
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Puzzle over viral load
AU  - Geddes, Linda
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We don't yet know if being exposed to more coronavirus particles leads to more severe covid-19 symptoms, reports Linda Geddes
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 245
IS  - 3276
PG  - 8-8
SP  - 8
EP  - 8
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30658-8
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920306588
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Should you disinfect your online shopping?
AU  - Hamzelou, Jessica
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 245
IS  - 3276
PG  - 12-12
SP  - 12
EP  - 12
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30664-3
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920306643
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Who will get ventilators in a covid-19 crisis?
AU  - Klein, Alice
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - If there is a shortage of breathing machines, doctors and ethicists say priority should go to people with the best chance of recovery, reports Alice Klein
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 245
IS  - 3276
PG  - 12-12
SP  - 12
EP  - 12
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30663-1
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920306631
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Will warmer spring weather slow down the rate of spread?
AU  - Lawton, Graham
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 245
IS  - 3276
PG  - 8-8
SP  - 8
EP  - 8
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30659-X
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S026240792030659X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Nature of a lockdown
AU  - Lawton, Graham
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Going out into the natural world is good for your health and mind, and you can still get some of the same benefits even when stuck inside, says Graham Lawton
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 245
IS  - 3276
PG  - 24-24
SP  - 24
EP  - 24
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30684-9
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920306849
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Home testing is no quick fix
AU  - Le Page, Michael
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - UK prime minister Boris Johnson says antibody tests for covid-19 are a game changer, but they may not do much in the short term, argues Michael Le Page
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 245
IS  - 3276
PG  - 11-11
SP  - 11
EP  - 11
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30662-X
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S026240792030662X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The hunt to find the coronavirus pandemic's patient zero
AU  - Lu, Donna
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 245
IS  - 3276
PG  - 9-9
SP  - 9
EP  - 9
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30660-6
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920306606
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Environmental effects
AU  - Vaughan, Adam
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Our pandemic response is cutting emissions, but it isn't a climate change fix
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 245
IS  - 3276
PG  - 10-11
SP  - 10
EP  - 11
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30661-8
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920306618
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - New Zealand's elimination strategy for the COVID-19 pandemic and what is required to make it work
AU  - Baker, Michael
AU  - Kvalsvig, Amanda
AU  - Verrall, Ayesha J.
AU  - Telfar-Barnard, Lucy
AU  - Wilson, Nick
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The New Zealand medical journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 133
IS  - 1512
PG  - 10-14
SP  - 10
EP  - 14
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A consensus statement on the use of angiotensin receptor blockers and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors in relation to COVID-19 (corona virus disease 2019)
AU  - Talreja, Hari
AU  - Tan, Jasmine
AU  - Dawes, Matt
AU  - Supershad, Sharen
AU  - Rabindranath, Kannaiyan
AU  - Fisher, James
AU  - Valappil, Sajed
AU  - van der Merwe, Veronica
AU  - Wong, Lisa
AU  - van der Merwe, Walter
AU  - Paton, Julian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - There has been a lot of speculation that patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) who are receiving angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) may be at increased risk for adverse outcomes. We reviewed the available evidence, and have not found this to be the case. We recommend that patients on such medications should continue on them unless there is a clinical indication to stop their use.
JO  - The New Zealand medical journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 133
IS  - 1512
PG  - 85-87
SP  - 85
EP  - 87
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and smoking
AU  - Berlin, Ivan
AU  - Thomas, Daniel
AU  - Le Faou, Anne-Laurence
AU  - Cornuz, Jacques
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/ntr/ntaa059
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Practical Approach to the Management of Cancer Patients During the Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic: An International Collaborative Group
AU  - Al-Shamsi, Humaid O.
AU  - Alhazzani, Waleed
AU  - Alhuraiji, Ahmad
AU  - Coomes, Eric A.
AU  - Chemaly, Roy F.
AU  - Almuhanna, Meshari
AU  - Wolff, Robert
AU  - Nuhad, Ibrahim K.
AU  - Chua, Melvin L. K.
AU  - Hotte, Sebastien J.
AU  - Meyers, Brandon M.
AU  - Elfiki, Tarek
AU  - Curigliano, Giuseppe
AU  - Eng, Cathy
AU  - Grothey, Axel
AU  - Xie, Conghua
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has rapidly spread globally since being identified as a public health emergency of major international concern and has now been declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). In December 2019, an outbreak of atypical pneumonia, known as COVID-19, was identified in Wuhan, China. The newly identified zoonotic coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), is characterized by rapid human-to-human transmission. Many cancer patients frequently visit the hospital for treatment and disease surveillance. They may be immunocompromised due to the underlying malignancy or anticancer therapy and are at higher risk of developing infections. Several factors increase the risk of infection, and cancer patients commonly have multiple risk factors. Cancer patients appear to have an estimated twofold increased risk of contracting SARS-CoV-2 than the general population. With the WHO declaring the novel coronavirus outbreak a pandemic, there is an urgent need to address the impact of such a pandemic on cancer patients. This include changes to resource allocation, clinical care, and the consent process during a pandemic. Currently and due to limited data, there are no international guidelines to address the management of cancer patients in any infectious pandemic. In this review, the potential challenges associated with managing cancer patients during the COVID-19 infection pandemic will be addressed, with suggestions of some practical approaches. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - The Oncologist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1634/theoncologist.2020-0213
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1634/theoncologist.2020-0213
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coalition: Advocacy for prospective clinical trials to test the post-exposure potential of hydroxychloroquine against COVID-19
AU  - Picot, Stephane
AU  - Marty, Aileen
AU  - Bienvenu, Anne-Lise
AU  - Blumberg, Lucille H.
AU  - Dupouy-Camet, Jean
AU  - Carnevale, Pierre
AU  - Kano, Shigeyuki
AU  - Jones, Malcolm K.
AU  - Daniel-Ribeiro, Cláudio Tadeu
AU  - Mas-Coma, Santiago
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Our coalition of public health experts, doctors, and scientists worldwide want to draw attention to the need for high-quality evaluation protocols of the potential beneficial effect of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) as a post-exposure drug for exposed people, meaning people with close contact with positive tested patients, including home and medical caregivers. We have reviewed the mechanisms of antiviral effect of HCQ, the risk-benefit ratio taking into consideration the PK/PD of HCQ and the thresholds of efficacy. We have studied its use as an antimalarial, an antiviral, and an immunomodulating drug and concluded that the use of HCQ at does matching that of the standard treatment of Systemic Lupus erythematous, which has proven safety and efficacy in terms of HCQ blood and tissue concentration adapted to bodyweight (2,3), at 6 mg/kg/day 1 (loading dose) followed by 5 mg/kg/day, with a maximum limit of 600 mg/day in all cases should swiftly be clinically evaluated as a post-exposure drug for exposed people.
JO  - One Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 100131-100131
SP  - 100131
EP  - 100131
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.onehlt.2020.100131
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352771420300628
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Managing patients with chronic pain during the Covid-19 outbreak: considerations for the rapid introduction of remotely supported (e-health) pain management services
AU  - Eccleston, Christopher
AU  - Blyth, Fiona M.
AU  - Dear, Blake F.
AU  - Fisher, Emma A.
AU  - Keefe, Francis J.
AU  - Lynch, Mary E.
AU  - Palermo, Tonya M.
AU  - Reid, M. Carrington
AU  - Williams, Amanda C de C
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - PAIN
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Articles in Press
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00006396-900000000-98431
DO  - 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001885
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/pain/Fulltext/publishahead/Managing_patients_with_chronic_pain_during_the.98431.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How to safeguard children’s mental health during emergencies
AU  - Li, Ying
AU  - Cui, Yonghua
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - PEDIATRIC INVESTIGATION
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - e12185-e12185
SP  - e12185
EP  - e12185
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/ped4.12185
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/ped4.12185
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The isolation period should be longer: Lesson from a child infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Chongqing, China
AU  - Lin, Jilei
AU  - Duan, Jun
AU  - Tan, Tingdan
AU  - Fu, Zhou
AU  - Dai, Jihong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract In December 2019, COVID-19 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) outbroke in Wuhan, the capital city of Hubei province, China. The disease rapidly spread to other areas in China due to a huge population movement during the New Year Festival. Here, a 7-year-old child with SARS-CoV-2 infection in Chongqing, outside of Wuhan, Hubei province, was reported. This case suggested that children infected with SARS-CoV-2 are more likely to present milder manifestations than adults. The continuous positive real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assay for SARS-CoV-2 in the child's throat swab sample indicated the isolation period for suspected child cases should be longer than 14 days.
JO  - Pediatric Pulmonology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/ppul.24763
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/ppul.24763
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Lessons unfolding from pediatric cases of COVID-19 disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection
AU  - Yonker, Lael M.
AU  - Shen, Kunling
AU  - Kinane, T. Bernard
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Pediatric Pulmonology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/ppul.24748
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/ppul.24748
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Want to Improve Public Health Access? Let’s Start with the Basics: Measuring Efficiency Correctly
AU  - Andrews, Antony
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - PharmacoEconomics - Open
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s41669-020-00213-y
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s41669-020-00213-y
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The use of Traditional Chinese Medicines to treat SARS-CoV-2 may cause more harm than good
AU  - Gray, Paul E.
AU  - Belessis, Yvonne
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Pharmacological Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 104776-104776
SP  - 104776
EP  - 104776
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104776
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1043661820309063
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: automatic detection from X-ray images utilizing transfer learning with convolutional neural networks
AU  - Apostolopoulos, Ioannis D.
AU  - Mpesiana, Tzani A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In this study, a dataset of X-ray images from patients with common bacterial pneumonia, confirmed Covid-19 disease, and normal incidents, was utilized for the automatic detection of the Coronavirus disease. The aim of the study is to evaluate the performance of state-of-the-art convolutional neural network architectures proposed over the recent years for medical image classification. Specifically, the procedure called Transfer Learning was adopted. With transfer learning, the detection of various abnormalities in small medical image datasets is an achievable target, often yielding remarkable results. The datasets utilized in this experiment are two. Firstly, a collection of 1427 X-ray images including 224 images with confirmed Covid-19 disease, 700 images with confirmed common bacterial pneumonia, and 504 images of normal conditions. Secondly, a dataset including 224 images with confirmed Covid-19 disease, 714 images with confirmed bacterial and viral pneumonia, and 504 images of normal conditions. The data was collected from the available X-ray images on public medical repositories. The results suggest that Deep Learning with X-ray imaging may extract significant biomarkers related to the Covid-19 disease, while the best accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity obtained is 96.78%, 98.66%, and 96.46% respectively. Since by now, all diagnostic tests show failure rates such as to raise concerns, the probability of incorporating X-rays into the diagnosis of the disease could be assessed by the medical community, based on the findings, while more research to evaluate the X-ray approach from different aspects may be conducted.
JO  - Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-6
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s13246-020-00865-4
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s13246-020-00865-4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Natural products and their derivatives against coronavirus: A review of the non-clinical and pre-clinical data
AU  - Islam, Muhammad Torequl
AU  - Sarkar, Chandan
AU  - El-Kersh, Dina M.
AU  - Jamaddar, Sarmin
AU  - Uddin, Shaikh Jamal
AU  - Shilpi, Jamil A.
AU  - Mubarak, Mohammad S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Several corona viral infections have created serious threats in the last couple of decades claiming the death of thousands of human beings. Recently, corona viral epidemic raised the issue of developing effective antiviral agents at the earliest to prevent further losses. Natural products have always played a crucial role in drug development process against various diseases which resulted in screening of such agents to combat emergent mutants of corona virus. This review focuses on those natural compounds that showed promising results against corona viruses. Although inhibition of viral replication is often considered as a general mechanism for antiviral activity of most of the natural products, studies have shown that some natural products can interact with key viral proteins that are associated with virulence. In this context, some of the natural products have antiviral activity in the nanomolar concentration (e.g., lycorine, homoharringtonine, silvestrol, ouabain, tylophorine and 7-methoxycryptopleurine), and could be leads for further drug development on their own or as a template for drug design. In addition, a good number of natural products with anti-corona virus activity are the major constituents of some common dietary supplements which can be exploited to improve the immunity of the general population in certain epidemics. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Phytotherapy Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/ptr.6700
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.6700
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Opinion to address a potential personal protective equipment shortage in the global community during the COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Dargaville, Tim
AU  - Spann, Kirsten
AU  - Celina, Mathew
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The current COVID-19 pandemic is stretching the global supply situation for face masks and PPE beyond production capacity. This is a call for the R&D community, particularly in the polymer degradation and stability arena, to engage and collaborate with virology and bio-medical experts. We require comparative R&D for extended, reuse and recyclability options, as well as large scale approaches and methods that could quickly be applied on the local level by the public who are not experts and may only have limited resources.
JO  - Polymer Degradation and Stability
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 109162-109162
SP  - 109162
EP  - 109162
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2020.109162
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014139102030094X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Review and analysis of current responses to COVID-19 in Indonesia: Period of January to March 2020
AU  - Djalante, Riyanti
AU  - Lassa, Jonatan
AU  - Setiamarga, Davin
AU  - Mahfud, Choirul
AU  - Sudjatma, Aruminingsih
AU  - Indrawan, Mochamad
AU  - Haryanto, Budi
AU  - Sinapoy, Muhammad Sabaruddin
AU  - Rafliana, Irina
AU  - Djalante, Susanti
AU  - Gunawan, Lalu Adi
AU  - Anindito, Rafael
AU  - Warsilah, Henny
AU  - Surtiari, I. Gusti Ayu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The world is presently under an emergency situation because of the COVID-19 global pandemic, caused by a novel coronavirus. Indonesia is the fourth most populous country in the world and is predicted to be affected significantly over a longer time period. Our paper aims to provide detailed reporting and analyses of the present rapid responses to COVID-19 in Indonesia. We particularly highlight the progress of governments, key organisations and community responses to COVID-19 between January and March 2020. We outline the gaps and limitations in the responses, based on our rapid analysis of media contents, from government speeches and reports, social and mass media platforms. We present our recommendations toward more rapid effective, and comprehensive responses.
JO  - Progress in Disaster Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 100091-100091
SP  - 100091
EP  - 100091
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pdisas.2020.100091
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590061720300284
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mental health during and after the COVID-19 emergency in Italy
AU  - Sani, Gabriele
AU  - Janiri, Delfina
AU  - Di Nicola, Marco
AU  - Janiri, Luigi
AU  - Ferretti, Simonetta
AU  - Chieffo, Daniela
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/pcn.13004
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.13004
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Prevention and Control Strategies for Psychiatric Hospitals
AU  - Li, Chao
AU  - Zhao, Wenjing
AU  - He, Changjiu
AU  - Wu, Dongmei
AU  - Yue, Yuchuan
AU  - Chen, Yong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Psychiatry Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 112935-112935
SP  - 112935
EP  - 112935
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112935
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165178120305503
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Psychological status of medical workforce during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study
AU  - Lu, Wen
AU  - Wang, Hang
AU  - Lin, Yuxing
AU  - Li, Li
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The pandemic of 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has burdened an unprecedented psychological stress on people around the world, especially the medical workforce. The study focuses on assess the psychological status of them. The authors conducted a single-center, cross-sectional survey via online questionnaires. Occurrence of fear, anxiety and depression were measured by the numeric rating scale (NRS) on fear, Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), and Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), respectively. A total of 2299 eligible participants were enrolled from the authors’ institution, including 2042 medical staff and 257 administrative staff. The severity of fear, anxiety and depression were significantly different between two groups. Furthermore, as compared to the non-clinical staff, front line medical staff with close contact with infected patients, including working in the departments of respiratory, emergency, infectious disease, and ICU, showed higher scores on fear scale, HAMA and HAMD, and they were 1.4 times more likely to feel fear, twice more likely to suffer anxiety and depression. The medical staff especially working in above-mentioned departments made them more susceptible to psychological disorders. Effective strategies toward to improving the mental health should be provided to these individuals.
JO  - Psychiatry Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 112936-112936
SP  - 112936
EP  - 112936
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112936
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165178120305850
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Checklist: Mask, Gloves, and Video Chatting with Grandpa
AU  - Solomon, Haley V.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Psychiatry Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 112986-112986
SP  - 112986
EP  - 112986
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112986
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165178120307563
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19; Considering the Prevalence of Schizophrenia in the Coming Decades
AU  - Zandifar, Atefeh
AU  - Badrfam, Rahim
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Psychiatry Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 112982-112982
SP  - 112982
EP  - 112982
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112982
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165178120306089
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Unprecedented disruption of lives and work: Health, distress and life satisfaction of working adults in China one month into the COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Zhang, Stephen X.
AU  - Wang, Yifei
AU  - Rauch, Andreas
AU  - Wei, Feng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - ABSTRACTS We assess the health and wellbeing of normal adults living and working after one month of confinement to contain the COVID-19 outbreak in China. On Feb 20–21, 2020, we surveyed 369 adults in 64 cities in China that varied in their rates of confirmed coronavirus cases on their health conditions, distress and life satisfaction. 27% of the participants worked at the office, 38% resorted to working from home, and 25% stopped working due to the outbreak. Those who stopped working reported worse mental and physical health conditions as well as distress. The severity of COVID-19 in an individual's home city predicts their life satisfaction, and this relationship is contingent upon individuals’ existing chronic health issues and their hours of exercise. Our evidence supports the need to pay attention to the health of people who were not affected by the virus epidemiologically, especially for people who stopped working during the outbreak. Our results highlight that physically active people might be more susceptible to wellbeing issues during the lockdown. Policymakers who are considering introducing restrictive measures to contain COVID-19 may benefit from understanding such health and wellbeing implications.
JO  - Psychiatry Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 112958-112958
SP  - 112958
EP  - 112958
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112958
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165178120306521
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Shenzhen’ Experience on Containing 2019 Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia Transmission
AU  - Fang, Yeqing
AU  - Zhang, Songrong
AU  - Yu, Zhijian
AU  - Wang, Hongyan
AU  - Deng, Qiwen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - QJM: An International Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/qjmed/hcaa112
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/qjmed/advance-article/doi/10.1093/qjmed/hcaa112/5815569
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The other side of novel coronavirus outbreak: fear of performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation
AU  - Scquizzato, Tommaso
AU  - Olasveengen, Theresa Mariero
AU  - Ristagno, Giuseppe
AU  - Semeraro, Federico
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Resuscitation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2020.03.019
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0300957220301337
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus: la emergencia geriátrica de 2020. Documento conjunto de la Sección de Cardiología Geriátrica de la Sociedad Española de Cardiología y la Sociedad Española de Geriatría y Gerontología
AU  - Bonanad, Clara
AU  - García-Blas, Sergio
AU  - Tarazona-Santabalbina, Francisco José
AU  - Díez-Villanueva, Pablo
AU  - Ayesta, Ana
AU  - Forés, Juan Sanchis
AU  - Vidán-Austiz, Maite
AU  - Formiga, Francesc
AU  - Ariza-Solé, Albert
AU  - Martínez-Sellés, Manuel
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Resumen La infección por SARS-CoV-2, denominada COVID-19 (Coronavirus Infectious Disease-19), es una enfermedad desconocida hasta diciembre de 2019 a la que nos enfrentamos en España desde el 31 de enero de 2020 —fecha del primer caso diagnosticado en nuestro país— y que ya ha causado la muerte de 7.340 personas (a 30 de marzo de 2020), sobre todo mayores. Es importante tener en cuenta que, dado que la información evoluciona con extremada rapidez en este campo, lo expuesto en el presente documento puede estar sujeto a modificaciones. La población de mayor edad es especialmente susceptible a la infección por COVID-19, así como a desarrollar criterios de gravedad. Este aumento de morbimortalidad en el paciente mayor se ha asociado tanto con las comorbilidades, especialmente la enfermedad cardiovascular, como con la situación de fragilidad, que conlleva una respuesta inmunológica más pobre. La situación actual, tanto por los países afectados como por el número de casos, constituye una pandemia y supone una emergencia sanitaria de primer nivel. Como España es uno de los países más envejecidos del mundo, la COVID-19 se ha convertido en una emergencia geriátrica. El presente documento se ha elaborado conjuntamente entre la Sección de Cardiología Geriátrica de la Sociedad Española de Cardiología y la Sociedad Española de Geriatría y Gerontología. SARS-CoV2 infection, also known as COVID-19 (coronavirus infectious disease-19), was first identified in December 2019. In Spain, the first case of this infection was diagnosed on 31 January, 2020 and, by 30 March 2020, has caused 7340 deaths, especially in the elderly. Due to the rapidly evolving situation regarding this disease, the data reported in this article may be subject to modifications. The older population are particularly susceptible to COVID-19 infection and to developing severe disease. The higher morbidity and mortality rates in older people have been associated with comorbidity, especially cardiovascular disease, and frailty, which weakens the immune response. Due to both the number of affected countries and the number of cases, the current situation constitutes an ongoing pandemic and a major health emergency. Because Spain has one of the largest older populations in the world, COVID-19 has emerged as a geriatric emergency. This document has been prepared jointly between the Geriatric Cardiology Section of the Spanish Society of Cardiology and the Spanish Society of Geriatrics and Gerontology.
JO  - Revista Española de Cardiología
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.recesp.2020.03.027
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S030089322030172X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Remdesivir, the antiviral hope against SARS-CoV-2 TT - Remdesivir, la esperanza antiviral frente al SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Reina, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - On December 31, 2019 a pneumonia outbreak caused by a new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) was detected in the city of Wuhan (China). Due to the high capacity of diffusion and human infection it has become a new zoonotic pandemic. The absence of a vaccine has determined the search for antiviral drugs with the capacity to inhibit the replication of the new virus. Among them, remdesivir, an analogue of adenosine, is what seems to have a more promising future. This drug has shown in vitro and in animals a high capacity to block infection and viral replication with attainable concentrations in human plasma. Although all studies have been carried out with SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, it seems that by virological and functional analogy, remdesivir is one of the few antiviral drugs with proven efficacy. However, studies and clinical trials in humans are required to know the result of their application in them.
JO  - Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.37201/req/098.2020
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 
AU  - Nau, J. Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Revue medicale suisse
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 16
IS  - 687
PG  - 606-607
SP  - 606
EP  - 607
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L631362268
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19 : articuler au mieux le savoir scientifique et le pouvoir politique
AU  - Nau, Jean-Yves
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Revue medicale suisse TT
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 16
IS  - 688
PG  - 660-661
SP  - 660
EP  - 661
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Isolated sudden onset anosmia in COVID-19 infection. A novel syndrome?
AU  - Gane, S. B.
AU  - Kelly, C.
AU  - Hopkins, C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: The amelioration of the current COVID pandemic relies on swift and efficient case finding as well as stringent social distancing measures. Current advice suggests that fever or new onset dry cough are the commonest presenting complaints. METHODOLOGY: We present a case report and case series as well as other evidence that there is an important fourth presenting syndrome, namely isolated sudden onset anosmia (ISOA), which should be considered highly suspicious for SARS-CoV-2. RESULTS: A patient presenting with ISOA who went on to test positive for infection with COVID-19 and did not develop any further symptoms as well as a case series of similar patients although limited by the lack of reliable testing at the moment. CONCLUSIONS: We posit the existence of a fourth common syndrome of COVID-19 infection: isolated sudden onset anosmia (ISOA) and urge the international community to consider this presentation in current management advice.
JO  - Rhinology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4193/Rhin20.114
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - On the Front Lines of Primary Care during the Coronavirus Pandemic Shifting from office visits to telephone triage, telemedicine
AU  - Korr, Kenneth S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Rhode Island medical journal (2013)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 103
IS  - 3
PG  - 9-10
SP  - 9
EP  - 10
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19: Empfehlungen für die Radiologische Versorgung – Eine Stellungnahme, der Deutschen Röntgengesellschaft (DRG), der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Neuroradiologie (DGNR), der Gesellschaft für Pädiatrische Radiologie (GPR), der Deutschen Gese
AU  - Antoch, Gerald
AU  - Urbach, Horst
AU  - Mentzel, Hans-Joachim
AU  - Reimer, Peter
AU  - Weber, Werner
AU  - Wujciak, Detlef
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Die WHO hat am 11.03.20 die Verbreitung des SARS-CoV-2 als weltweite Pandemie eingestuft 1. Eine hohe Basisreproduktionszahl ermöglicht in einer globalisierten Welt die schnelle Verbreitung des Virus. Die Basisreproduktionszahl liegt bei SARS-CoV-2 bei 2–3.3, d. h. dass jede infizierte Person 2–3.3 weitere Personen infizieren wird, sofern keine Schutzmaßnahmen ergriffen werden 2. Diese Basisreproduktionszahl liegt höher als bei der klassischen Influenza und ist bei COVID-19, der durch das SARS-CoV-2 verursachten Lungenerkrankung, gekoppelt mit einer substanziellen Zahl an schweren Verläufen, die eine stationäre oder intensivmedizinisch-stationäre Betreuung der Patienten erfordern 3. Auch weisen erste Daten darauf hin, dass die Zahl an Langzeitbeatmungen unter den beatmungspflichtigen Patienten möglicherweise hoch ist 4. Die Kombination aus hoher Ansteckungsrate, einer substanziellen Zahl schwerer Verläufe sowie längerfristiger Beatmungspflichtigkeit birgt das Risiko einer bislang nicht erlebten Belastung der Gesundheitssysteme weltweit.
JO  - RöFo - Fortschritte auf dem Gebiet der Röntgenstrahlen und der bildgebenden Verfahren
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1055/a-1149-3625
UR  - http://www.thieme-connect.de/DOI/DOI?10.1055/a-1149-3625
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Is schizophrenia research relevant during the COVID-19 pandemic?
AU  - Cowan, Henry R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Schizophrenia researchers may ask themselves—or be asked by others—whether their research is relevant in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. This commentary argues that schizophrenia research is more relevant than ever during this public health crisis, because of the likelihood that the COVID-19 pandemic may lead to increased incidence of psychotic disorders.
JO  - Schizophrenia Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2020.04.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0920996420302097
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Scientists have turned the structure of the coronavirus into music
AU  - Venugopal, Vineeth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - You’ve probably seen dozens of images of the novel coronavirus—now responsible for 1 million infections and tens of thousands of deaths. Now, scientists have come up with a way for you to hear it: by translating the structure of its famous spike protein into music.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abc0657
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/04/scientists-have-turned-structure-coronavirus-music#
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A highly conserved cryptic epitope in the receptor-binding domains of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV
AU  - Yuan, Meng
AU  - Wu, Nicholas C.
AU  - Zhu, Xueyong
AU  - Lee, Chang-Chun D.
AU  - So, Ray T. Y.
AU  - Lv, Huibin
AU  - Mok, Chris K. P.
AU  - Wilson, Ian A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus has now become a pandemic, but there is currently very little understanding of the antigenicity of the virus. We therefore determined the crystal structure of CR3022, a neutralizing antibody previously isolated from a convalescent SARS patient, in complex with the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein to 3.1 Å. CR3022 targets a highly conserved epitope, distal from the receptor-binding site, that enables cross-reactive binding between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV. Structural modeling further demonstrates that the binding epitope can only be accessed by CR3022 when at least two RBD on the trimeric S protein are in the “up” conformation and slightly rotated. Overall, this study provides molecular insights into antibody recognition of SARS-CoV-2.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - eabb7269
SP  - eabb7269
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb7269
UR  - https://science.sciencemag.org/content/sci/early/2020/04/02/science.abb7269.full.pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Making allowances for COVID-19
AU  - Zhou, Ye
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Science (New York, N.Y.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 6486
PG  - 98-98
SP  - 98
EP  - 98
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.368.6486.98
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Vaccine designers take first shots at COVID-19
AU  - Cohen, Jon
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Science (New York, N.Y.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 6486
PG  - 14-16
SP  - 14
EP  - 16
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.368.6486.14
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Infect volunteers to speed a coronavirus vaccine?
AU  - Cohen, Jon
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Science (New York, N.Y.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 6486
PG  - 16-16
SP  - 16
EP  - 16
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.368.6486.16
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - As normalcy returns, can China keep COVID-19 at bay?
AU  - Normile, Dennis
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Science (New York, N.Y.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 6486
PG  - 18-19
SP  - 18
EP  - 19
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.368.6486.18
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Correlation between weather and Covid-19 pandemic in Jakarta, Indonesia
AU  - Tosepu, Ramadhan
AU  - Gunawan, Joko
AU  - Effendy, Devi Savitri
AU  - Ahmad, La Ode Ali Imran
AU  - Lestari, Hariati
AU  - Bahar, Hartati
AU  - Asfian, Pitrah
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This study aims to analyze the correlation between weather and covid-19 pandemic in Jakarta Indonesia. This study employed a secondary data analysis of surveillance data of covid-19 from the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia and weather from the Meteorological Department of the Republic of Indonesia. The components of weather include minimum temperature (°C), maximum temperature (°C), temperature average (°C), humidity (%), and amount of rainfall (mm). Spearman-rank correlation test was used for data analysis. Among the components of the weather, only temperature average (°C) was significantly correlated with covid-19 pandemic (r = 0.392; p < .01). The finding serves as an input to reduce the incidence rate of covid-19 in Indonesia.
JO  - Science of The Total Environment
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 138436-138436
SP  - 138436
EP  - 138436
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138436
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969720319495
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: A promising cure for the global panic
AU  - Vellingiri, Balachandar
AU  - Jayaramayya, Kaavya
AU  - Iyer, Mahalaxmi
AU  - Narayanasamy, Arul
AU  - Govindasamy, Vivekanandhan
AU  - Giridharan, Bupesh
AU  - Ganesan, Singaravelu
AU  - Venugopal, Anila
AU  - Venkatesan, Dhivya
AU  - Ganesan, Harsha
AU  - Rajagopalan, Kamarajan
AU  - Rahman, Pattanathu K. S. M.
AU  - Cho, Ssang-Goo
AU  - Kumar, Nachimuthu Senthil
AU  - Subramaniam, Mohana Devi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by SARS-CoV-2, which is the causative agent of a potentially fatal disease that is of great global public health concern. The outbreak of COVID-19 is wreaking havoc worldwide due to inadequate risk assessment regarding the urgency of the situation. The COVID-19 pandemic has entered a dangerous new phase. When compared with SARS and MERS, COVID-19 has spread more rapidly, due to increased globalization and adaptation of the virus in every environment. Slowing the spread of the COVID-19 cases will significantly reduce the strain on the healthcare system of the country by limiting the number of people who are severely sick by COVID-19 and need hospital care. Hence, the recent outburst of COVID-19 highlights an urgent need for therapeutics targeting SARS-CoV-2. Here, we have discussed the structure of virus; varying symptoms among COVID-19, SARS, MERS and common flu; the probable mechanism behind the infection and its immune response. Further, the current treatment options, drugs available, ongoing trials and recent diagnostics for COVID-19 have been discussed. We suggest traditional Indian medicinal plants as possible novel therapeutic approaches, exclusively targeting SARS-CoV-2 and its pathways.
JO  - Science of The Total Environment
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 138277-138277
SP  - 138277
EP  - 138277
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138277
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969720317903
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chapter of Gastroenterologists professional guidance on risk mitigation for gastrointestinal endoscopy during COVID-19 pandemic in Singapore
AU  - Ang, Tiing Leong
AU  - Li, James Weiquan
AU  - Vu, Charles Kien Fong
AU  - Ho, Gim Hin
AU  - Chang, Jason Pik Eu
AU  - Chong, Chern Hao
AU  - Chua, Tju Siang
AU  - Ong, David Eng Hui
AU  - Yip, Benjamin Cherng Hann
AU  - Gwee, Kok Ann
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In this paper, we aimed to provide professional guidance to practising gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopists for the safe conduct of GI endoscopy procedures during the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and future outbreaks of similar severe respiratory tract infections in Singapore. It draws on the lessons learnt during the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) epidemic and available published data concerning the COVID-19 pandemic. It addresses measures before, during and after endoscopy that must be considered for both non- infected and infected patients, and provides recommendations for practical implementation.
JO  - Singapore medical journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.11622/smedj.2020050
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A call to arms: a perspective of safe general surgery in Singapore during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Chew, Min-Hoe
AU  - Koh, Frederick H.
AU  - Ng, Kheng Hong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Singapore medical journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.11622/smedj.2020049
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Narrative synthesis of psychological and coping responses towards emerging infectious disease outbreaks in the general population: practical considerations for the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Chew, Qian Hui
AU  - Wei, Ker Chiah
AU  - Vasoo, Shawn
AU  - Chua, Hong Choon
AU  - Sim, Kang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - INTRODUCTION: Emerging infectious disease outbreaks, such as the present coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, often have a psychological impact on the well-being of the general population, including survivors and caregivers. Our study aimed to synthesise extant literature regarding the combined psychological responses and coping methods used by the general population in past outbreaks. METHODS: We conducted a narrative synthesis of the published literature over the last two decades with a quality appraisal of included articles that reported both psychological responses and coping strategies within infectious disease outbreaks. RESULTS: A total of 144 papers were identified from the search, 24 of which were included in the review. Overall, 18 studies examined the psychosocial responses of the general population towards the severe acute respiratory syndrome epidemic, four studies focused on the Ebola epidemic and two studies covered the H1N1 outbreak. Common themes in psychological responses included anxiety/fears, depression, anger, guilt, grief and loss, post-traumatic stress, and stigmatisation, but also a greater sense of empowerment and compassion towards others. Coping strategies adopted included problem-focused coping (seeking alternatives, self- and other-preservation), seeking social support, avoidance, and positive appraisal of the situation. CONCLUSION: Amid the range of psychosocial responses seen in past infectious disease outbreaks, practical considerations for the current COVID-19 pandemic need to focus on the individual in the context of the larger social environment, with an emphasis on raising awareness of the range of possible psychosocial responses, access to psychological help, self- care, empowering self-support groups and sustained engagement with updated, reliable information about the outbreak.
JO  - Singapore medical journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.11622/smedj.2020046
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinics in Diagnostic Imaging: COVID-19 atypical pneumonia
AU  - Liew, Jia Ren Perry
AU  - Lim, Yu Rui David
AU  - Liew, Jin Yee Charlene
AU  - Poh, Choo Choo Angeline
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A 53-year-old man presented with high fever and a non-productive cough but had no recent travel history. He deteriorated clinically very rapidly and was intubated. The endotracheal tube microbiological culture isolated Klebsiella pneumoniae. On chest computed tomography, the presence of mixed ground-glass airspace opacities, patchy consolidation and a ‘crazy paving’ appearance was atypical for Klebsiella infection. As there was also a lack of cavitating nodules, lymphadenopathy and pleural effusion, atypical pneumonia due to COVID-19 was diagnosed. The patient tested positive for COVID-19. He was isolated and subsequently recovered.
JO  - Singapore medical journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.11622/smedj.2020045
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - On a Statistical Transmission Model in Analysis of the Early Phase of COVID-19 Outbreak
AU  - Zhu, Yifan
AU  - Chen, Ying Qing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, a disease caused by a novel strain of coronavirus (COVID-19) had infected many people and the cumulative confirmed cases have reached almost 180,000 as of 17, March 2020. The COVID-19 outbreak was believed to have emerged from a seafood market in Wuhan, a metropolis city of more than 11 million population in Hubei province, China. We introduced a statistical disease transmission model using case symptom onset data to estimate the transmissibility of the early-phase outbreak in China, and provided sensitivity analyses with various assumptions of disease natural history of the COVID-19. We fitted the transmission model to several publicly available sources of the outbreak data until 11, February 2020, and estimated lock down intervention efficacy of Wuhan city. The estimated $$R_0$$ was between 2.7 and 4.2 from plausible distribution assumptions of the incubation period and relative infectivity over the infectious period. 95% confidence interval of $$R_0$$ were also reported. Potential issues such as data quality concerns and comparison of different modelling approaches were discussed.
JO  - Statistics in Biosciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-17
SP  - 1
EP  - 17
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12561-020-09277-0
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12561-020-09277-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and dengue, co-epidemics in Ecuador and other countries in Latin America: Pushing strained health care systems over the edge
AU  - Navarro, Juan-Carlos
AU  - Arrivillaga-Henríquez, Jazzmin
AU  - Salazar-Loor, José
AU  - Rodriguez-Morales, Alfonso J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101656-101656
SP  - 101656
EP  - 101656
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101656
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893920301241
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus in Jiangsu Province, China after wartime control measures: A population-level retrospective study
AU  - Wang, Ke-wei
AU  - Gao, Jie
AU  - Wang, Hua
AU  - Wu, Xiao-long
AU  - Yuan, Qin-fang
AU  - Guo, Fei-yu
AU  - Zhang, Zhi-jie
AU  - Cheng, Yang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background A novel coronavirus emerged in China in December 2019, and human-to-human transmission was previously identified. This study aimed to compare the epidemiological characteristics in Jiangsu Province and assess whether so-called wartime control measures changed the trend of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the province. Methods Epidemiological data were obtained from the websites of China's Bureau of Health and the People's Government of Jiangsu Province and informal online sources from January 22 to February 20, 2020. Results The cumulative number of patients in Jiangsu Province (over 79 million people) was 613. The number of daily confirmed new cases reached the inflection point on January 31 with the maximum of 39 cases. The temporal number of patients peaked from January 29 to February 9. The proportion of confirmed cases who were residents or travelers to Hubei Province was 100.0%–58.8% before January 31 and then gradually declined. The proportion of close contacts increased gradually from January 27 to February 17. The geographical distribution of COVID-2019 cases showed that all 13 cites reported confirmed new cases after only five days of the first confirmed new case in Suzhou. The cases were concentrated in Nanjing, Suzhou, and Xuzhou with a high population density (over eight million people). The epidemiological features of COVID-2019 cases in Wuxi, Jiangsu showed that seven confirmed cases were tourists from others areas beyond Hubei Province. The longest incubation period of COVID-2019 was 19 days based on the onset of laboratory-confirmed cases. Conclusion The number of daily confirmed new cases in Jiangsu Province peaked around January 31 and then declined. This result emphasized that wartime control measures, such as putting cities on lockdown to limit population mobility in Jiangsu Province, resulted in dramatic reductions in COVID-19 cases.
JO  - Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101654-101654
SP  - 101654
EP  - 101654
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101654
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893920301228
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Spatial Lifecourse Epidemiology and Infectious Disease Research
AU  - Jia, Peng
AU  - Dong, Weihua
AU  - Yang, Shujuan
AU  - Zhan, Zhicheng
AU  - Tu, La
AU  - Lai, Shengjie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Spatial lifecourse epidemiology aims to utilize advanced spatial, location-aware, and artificial intelligence technologies to investigate long-term effects of measurable biological, environmental, behavioral, and psychosocial factors on individual risk for chronic diseases. It could also further the research on infectious disease dynamics, risks, and consequences across the life course.
JO  - Trends in Parasitology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 36
IS  - 3
PG  - 235-238
SP  - 235
EP  - 238
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.pt.2019.12.012
UR  - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1471492220300052
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - WFUMB Position Statement: How to perform a safe ultrasound examination and clean equipment in the context of COVID-19
AU  - Abramowicz, J. S.
AU  - Basseal, J. M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2020.03.033
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301562920301496
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - El SARS-CoV-2, una nueva zoonosis pandémica que amenaza al mundo
AU  - Reina, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Resumen El 31 de diciembre de 2019 se detectó en la ciudad de Wuhan (China) un brote de neumonía de etiología desconocida. Una semana después se aisló en estos pacientes un nuevo coronavirus, designado inicialmente como 2019-nCoV y posteriormente, SARS-CoV-2. Este es un nuevo virus que está mucho más próximo genéticamente a los coronavirus de los murciélagos que del SARS humano. El nuevo virus infecta y se replica en los neumocitos y macrófagos del parénquima pulmonar en los que reside el receptor celular ACE-2. Ha infectado en estos momentos muchas más personas que sus predecesores (>85.000). Desde el punto de vista clínico, los infectados presentan una edad media de 55 años; los síntomas principales son fiebre, tos seca, linfopenia, disnea, y neumonía en su forma grave. La tasa de letalidad global se sitúa en el 2-3% en China y en el 0,1% en los casos detectados fuera de este país. El período de incubación se ha establecido en unos 3 días (0-24 días). No se dispone de antivirales específicos ni de vacuna. On December 31, 2019, an outbreak of pneumonia of unknown etiology was detected in the city of Wuhan (China). A week later, a new coronavirus was isolated in these patients, initially designated as 2019-nCoV and subsequently SARS-CoV-2. This is a new virus that is much closer genetically to the coronavirus of bats than to human SARS. The new virus infects and replicates in the lung parenchyma pneumocytes and macrophages in which the ACE-2 cell receptor resides. He has now infected many more people than his predecessors (>85,000). From the clinical point of view, those infected have an average age of 55 years; the main symptoms are fever, dry cough, lymphopenia, dyspnea, and pneumonia in its severe form. The overall lethality rate is 2-3% in China and 0.1% in cases detected outside of this country. The incubation period has been set at about 3 days (0-24 days). There are no specific antivirals or vaccines.
JO  - Vacunas
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vacun.2020.03.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1576988720300042
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Conclusive proof needed for animal virus reservoirs
AU  - Brownlie, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Veterinary Record
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 186
IS  - 11
PG  - 354
SP  - 354
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/vr.m1076
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L631338464 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.m1076
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - UK vets coping well with global pandemic
AU  - Loeb, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Veterinary Record
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 186
IS  - 11
PG  - 335
SP  - 335
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/vr.m1123
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L631338437 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.m1123
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Liver transplantation in an ICU dominated by COVID-19
AU  - Cardoso, Filipe S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract The Letter from D'Antiga L about concerns of transplanting patients in the context of COVID19 pandemic is very interesting [1]. COVID-19 designates the infection caused by the SARS-Cov2 virus. This illness originated in December, 2019, in Wuhan, China. Since then, it has been identified in more than 150 countries. The first case of COVID-19 in Portugal was notified in March 02, 2020.
JO  - Liver Transplantation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/lt.25770
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/lt.25770
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Breastfeeding and Coronavirus Disease-2019. Ad interim indications of the Italian Society of Neonatology endorsed by the Union of European Neonatal & Perinatal Societies
AU  - Davanzo, Riccardo
AU  - Moro, Guido
AU  - Sandri, Fabrizio
AU  - Agosti, Massimo
AU  - Moretti, Corrado
AU  - Mosca, Fabio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The recent COVID-19 pandemic has spread to Italy with heavy consequences on public health and economics. Besides the possible consequences of COVID-19 infection on a pregnant woman and the fetus, a major concern is related to the potential effect on neonatal outcome, the appropriate management of the mother-newborn dyad and finally the compatibility of maternal COVID-19 infection with breastfeeding. The Italian Society on Neonatology (SIN) after reviewing the limited scientific knowledge on the compatibility of breastfeeding in the COVID-19 mother and the available statements from Health Care Organizations, has issued the following indications that have been endorsed by the Union of European Neonatal & Perinatal Societies (UENPS). If a mother previously identified as COVID-19 positive or under investigation for COVID-19 is asymptomatic or paucisymptomatic at delivery, rooming-in is feasible and direct breastfeeding is advisable, under strict measures of infection control. On the contrary, when a mother with COVID-19 is too sick to care for the newborn, the neonate will be managed separately and fed fresh expressed breast milk, with no need to pasteurize it, as human milk is not believed to be a vehicle of COVID-19. We recognize that this guidance might be subject to change in the future when further knowledge will be acquired about the COVID-19 pandemic, the perinatal transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and clinical characteristics of cases of neonatal COVID-19.
JO  - Maternal & child nutrition
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - e13010-e13010
SP  - e13010
EP  - e13010
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/mcn.13010
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Medication Shortages During the COVID-19 Crisis: What We Must Do
AU  - Choo, Esther K.
AU  - Rajkumar, S. Vincent
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Mayo Clinic Proceedings
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mayocp.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025619620303207
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 and Antihypertensives (Angiotensin Receptor Blockers and Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors) in Coronavirus Disease 2019
AU  - Sanchis-Gomar, Fabian
AU  - Lavie, Carl J.
AU  - Perez-Quilis, Carme
AU  - Henry, Brandon M.
AU  - Lippi, Giuseppe
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, is being defined as the worst pandemic disease of modern times. Several professional health organizations have published position papers stating that there is no evidence to change the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) in the management of elevated blood pressure in the context of avoiding or treating COVID-19 infection. In this article, we review the evidence on the relationship between the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and COVID-19 infection. In agreement with current guidelines, patients with hypertension should continue taking antihypertensive medications as prescribed without interruption. Because ACEIs and ARBs are also used to retard the progression of chronic kidney disease, we suggest that these recommendations also apply to the use of these agents in chronic kidney disease. No differences generally exist between ARBs and ACEIs in terms of efficacy in decreasing blood pressure and improving other outcomes, such as all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, myocardial infarction, heart failure, stroke, and end-stage renal disease. The ACEIs are associated with cough secondary to accumulation of bradykinin and angioedema, and withdrawal rates due to adverse events are lower with ARBs. Given their equal efficacy but fewer adverse events, ARBs could potentially be a more favorable treatment option in patients with COVID-19 at higher risk for severe forms of disease.
JO  - Mayo Clinic Proceedings
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mayocp.2020.03.026
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025619620303153
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 
AU  - Lecuit, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Medecine et maladies infectieuses
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.medmal.2020.03.004
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L631361051 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.medmal.2020.03.004
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Interleukin-6 as a potential biomarker of COVID-19 progression
AU  - Ulhaq, Zulvikar Syambani
AU  - Soraya, Gita Vita
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Médecine et Maladies Infectieuses
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medmal.2020.04.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0399077X20300883
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Resilience or Resistance: A personal response to COVID-19
AU  - Cleland, Jennifer
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Shortly after COVID-19 was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization I sat in my office thinking about the future. The world was in lockdown but I refused to give up my expectations of the present and future, maintaining a Pollyannish outlook no matter what I read, heard or saw. This blithe optimism was facilitated by the fact I had just migrated, had not yet engaged fully with local mass and social media, and was out-of-synch with my former sources of information.
JO  - Medical Education
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/medu.14170
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/medu.14170
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2, the medical profession, ventilator beds, and mortality predictions: personal reflections of an Australian clinician
AU  - Talley, Nicholas J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Medical Journal of Australia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.5694/mja2.50579
UR  - http://doi.wiley.com/10.5694/mja2.50579
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A global public health emergency and the MJA rapid review process
AU  - Talley, Nicholas J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Medical Journal of Australia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 212
IS  - 6
PG  - 249-249
SP  - 249
EP  - 249
AN  - 
DO  - 10.5694/mja2.50559
UR  - https://doi.org/10.5694/mja2.50559
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - La Radiologia En El Diagnóstico De La Neumonía Por Sars-Cov2 (Covid-19)
AU  - Sánchez-Oro, Raquel
AU  - Nuez, Julio Torres
AU  - Martínez-Sanz, Gloria
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Medicina Clínica
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medcli.2020.03.004
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025775320301858
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Standing out from the crowd in treating COVID-19
AU  - Janda, Kim D.
AU  - Iadarola, Michael J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Medicine in Drug Discovery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 100034-100034
SP  - 100034
EP  - 100034
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medidd.2020.100034
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S259009862030021X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The role of afferent pulmonary innervation in poor prognosis of acute respiratory distress syndrome in COVID-19 patients and proposed use of resiniferatoxin (RTX) to improve patient outcomes in advanced disease state: A review
AU  - Nahama, Alexis
AU  - Ramachandran, Roshni
AU  - Cisternas, Alvaro Francisco
AU  - Ji, Henry
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Acute respiratory distress is one of the major causes of mortality associated with COVID-19 disease. Many patients will require intensive care with ventilatory support. Despite progress and best efforts, the mortality rates projected remain high. Historical data outlook points towards 80% expected fatality for patients progressing to advanced pulmonary disease, even when hospitalized in the intensive care unit. This is particularly true among the patient population over 65. Novel life-saving strategies are desperately needed to mitigate the high mortality that will be associated with the late stage SARS-CoV-2 viral infection associated with the fatal respiratory distress. We hypothesize that the morbidity, severity of the disease, and underlying physiological events leading to mortality are closely linked to the TRPV1 expressing neuronal system (afferent/efferent neurons) in the lungs. TRPV1 expressing cells are responsible for pain transmission, inflammation and immunomodulation throughout the entire pulmonary system and are modulating the processes associated with localized cytokine release (storm) and overall rapid disease progression. We suggest that therapeutic approaches targeting TRPV1 containing nerve fibers in the lungs will modulate the inflammatory and immune signal activity, leading to reduced mortality and better overall outcomes. We also propose to further explore the use of resiniferatoxin (RTX), an ultra-potent TRPV1 agonist currently in clinical trials for cancer and osteoarthritis pain, as a possible ablating agent of TRPV1 positive pulmonary pathways in patients with advanced COVID-19 disease.
JO  - Medicine in Drug Discovery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 100033-100033
SP  - 100033
EP  - 100033
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medidd.2020.100033
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590098620300208
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - North Carolina frees up $30 million for BH during COVID-19 crisis
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - North Carolina's seven regional managed care agencies for behavioral health are receiving $30 million so they can keep a variety of programs running during the COVID-19 crisis, Carolina Public Press reported March 31. The money, which an N.C. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) spokesperson said represented unused Medicaid funds, has been shifted to the state's seven local management entities/managed care organizations, commonly called LME/MCOs. The LME/MCOs manage care for beneficiaries receiving mental health, developmental disabilities and substance abuse services who are on Medicaid, uninsured or underinsured. The letter also gave the LME/MCOs authority to use up to 15% of risk reserves to support contracted providers, but with a significant qualifier. The agencies, the DHHS said, would be able to use their reserves to support providers that are ?maintaining consumers in their existing residential placements, utilizing telehealth capabilities to the maximum extent possible, providing services that keep consumers from needing access to emergency departments and inpatient services, and otherwise making efforts to deliver high-quality services during this crisis.? The department's caveat that local providers make every effort to keep their clients out of hospitals is part of a concerted campaign to maintain as much bed space and equipment as possible as the number of COVID-19 cases rises.
JO  - Mental Health Weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 30
IS  - 14
PG  - 8-8
SP  - 8
EP  - 8
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/mhw.32310
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/mhw.32310
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Alabama university to study emotions, behavior and COVID-19
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A psychology researcher at the University of Alabama was awarded a federal grant to study how people's emotions influence their response to the spread of the novel coronavirus. ?Right now, there is a tremendous amount of uncertainty in day-to-day life around the globe,? Philip Gable, Ph.D., associate professor of psychology, said in a March 30 university news release. ?We are interested in the role uncertainty plays in how people feel and behave, and we are especially interested to see how non-conscious emotions toward avoiding the virus influence health behaviors.? Gable is leading the project awarded nearly $65,000 under the National Science Foundation's (NSF's) Rapid Response Research funding program, which is set up to review and fund projects with an urgent need to gather data during or right after emergency events and natural disasters. The research at UA is part of the NSF's effort to quickly start nonmedical, nonclinical care research that can be used immediately to explore how to model and understand the spread of COVID-19, to inform and educate about the science of virus transmission and prevention and to encourage the development of processes and actions to address this global challenge. The spreading COVID-19 in the United States creates a social psychological problem of a scale never encountered in modern times, the release stated. The findings will be published and the anonymous data from the app will be publicly available.
JO  - Mental Health Weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 30
IS  - 14
PG  - 8-8
SP  - 8
EP  - 8
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/mhw.32311
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/mhw.32311
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Thousands of New York MH professionals volunteer for service
AU  - Canady, Valerie A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Considered the U.S. epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic with more than 67,000 cases reported last month and increasing steadily, New York state is embracing the more than 6,000 mental health professionals who have heeded the call to volunteer to help residents in emotional stress from COVID-19.
JO  - Mental Health Weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 30
IS  - 14
PG  - 5-5
SP  - 5
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/mhw.32307
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/mhw.32307
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Small business loan eligibility promising for nonprofits
AU  - Canady, Valerie A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Nonprofit organizations receiving Medicaid payments are encouraged that they are now eligible for small business loans courtesy of the $2 trillion COVID-19 relief package (see story, beginning on page 1). Just a few short weeks ago, in an earlier version of the legislation, mental health providers with Medicaid-participating business were excluded from being eligible for these important loans.
JO  - Mental Health Weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 30
IS  - 14
PG  - 4-4
SP  - 4
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/mhw.32306
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/mhw.32306
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - MH coalition asks government for needed protective gear
AU  - Canady, Valerie A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A mental health coalition on April 1 in urged the federal government to provide personal protection equipment (PPE) to all behavioral health care professionals on the frontlines of the COVID-19 pandemic. The letter, signed by the National Council for Behavioral Health, the National Alliance on Mental Illness, Mental Health America and the American Psychiatric Association, states that the lack of PPE is putting behavioral health care workers at risk.
JO  - Mental Health Weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 30
IS  - 14
PG  - 7-7
SP  - 7
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/mhw.32308
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/mhw.32308
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - CARES Act to help providers bolster care; supports communities, businesses
AU  - Canady, Valerie A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As the country continues to grapple with this unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic, mental health field leaders are responding to what the most recent $2 trillion stimulus aid package passed by the Senate and House and signed by President Trump means for mental health and substance use providers.
JO  - Mental Health Weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 30
IS  - 14
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/mhw.32304
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/mhw.32304
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - In states with prominent virus crisis, door wide open for move to telehealth
AU  - Enos, Gary
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Amid ever-changing policy developments in response to the COVID-19 crisis, many states have identified loosening restrictions on telehealth services as a front-burner item. This has allowed mental health provider agencies, particularly in the states hardest hit so far by the virus that causes COVID-19, to move more quickly to transition in-person outpatient services to telehealth.
JO  - Mental Health Weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 30
IS  - 14
PG  - 1-6
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/mhw.32305
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/mhw.32305
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - It is too soon to attribute ADE to COVID-19
AU  - Sharma, Anuj
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Microbes and Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micinf.2020.03.005
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1286457920300514
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Updating the diagnostic criteria of COVID-19 “suspected case” and “confirmed case” is necessary
AU  - Wang, Yun-Yun
AU  - Jin, Ying-Hui
AU  - Ren, Xue-Qun
AU  - Li, Yi-Rong
AU  - Zhang, Xiao-Chun
AU  - Zeng, Xian-Tao
AU  - Wang, Xing-Huan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - On 6 February 2020, our team had published a rapid advice guideline for diagnosis and treatment of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection, and this guideline provided our experience and make well reference for fighting against this pandemic worldwide. However, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a new disease, our awareness and knowledge are gradually increasing based on the ongoing research findings and clinical practice experience; hence, the strategies of diagnosis and treatment are also continually updated. In this letter, we answered one comment on our guideline and provided the newest diagnostic criteria of “suspected case” and “confirmed case” according to the latest Diagnosis and Treatment Guidelines for COVID-19 (seventh version) that issued by the National Health Committee of the People’s Republic of China.
JO  - Military Medical Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 7
IS  - 1
PG  - 17-17
SP  - 17
EP  - 17
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s40779-020-00245-9
UR  - https://mmrjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40779-020-00245-9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Primary stratification and identification of suspected Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from clinical perspective by a simple scoring proposal
AU  - Zhou, Ting-Ting
AU  - Wei, Feng-Xian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In this Commentary, we would like to comment on the article titled “A rapid advice guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infected pneumonia (standard version)” as a featured article in Military Medical Research. In the guideline, except for “confirmed cases”, “suspected cases”, “close contact” and “suspicious exposure” were defined by clinical perspective based on epidemiological risk, clinical symptoms and auxiliary examination. Combined with our experience, we introduced a simple scoring proposal additionally based on not only CT imaging as strongly recommended by the guideline but also blood routine test, especially for primary screening of such patients in the out-patient department.
JO  - Military Medical Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 7
IS  - 1
PG  - 16-16
SP  - 16
EP  - 16
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s40779-020-00246-8
UR  - https://mmrjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40779-020-00246-8
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Asymptomatic and Presymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infections in Residents of a Long-Term Care Skilled Nursing Facility - King County, Washington, March 2020
AU  - Kimball, Anne
AU  - Hatfield, Kelly M.
AU  - Arons, Melissa
AU  - James, Allison
AU  - Taylor, Joanne
AU  - Spicer, Kevin
AU  - Bardossy, Ana C.
AU  - Oakley, Lisa P.
AU  - Tanwar, Sukarma
AU  - Chisty, Zeshan
AU  - Bell, Jeneita M.
AU  - Methner, Mark
AU  - Harney, Josh
AU  - Jacobs, Jesica R.
AU  - Carlson, Christina M.
AU  - McLaughlin, Heather P.
AU  - Stone, Nimalie
AU  - Clark, Shauna
AU  - Brostrom-Smith, Claire
AU  - Page, Libby C.
AU  - Kay, Meagan
AU  - Lewis, James
AU  - Russell, Denny
AU  - Hiatt, Brian
AU  - Gant, Jessica
AU  - Duchin, Jeffrey S.
AU  - Clark, Thomas A.
AU  - Honein, Margaret A.
AU  - Reddy, Sujan C.
AU  - Jernigan, John A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Older adults are susceptible to severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes as a consequence of their age and, in some cases, underlying health conditions (1). A COVID-19 outbreak in a long-term care skilled nursing facility (SNF) in King County, Washington that was first identified on February 28, 2020, highlighted the potential for rapid spread among residents of these types of facilities (2). On March 1, a health care provider at a second long-term care skilled nursing facility (facility A) in King County, Washington, had a positive test result for SARS-CoV-2, the novel coronavirus that causes COVID-19, after working while symptomatic on February 26 and 28. By March 6, seven residents of this second facility were symptomatic and had positive test results for SARS-CoV-2. On March 13, CDC performed symptom assessments and SARS-CoV-2 testing for 76 (93%) of the 82 facility A residents to evaluate the utility of symptom screening for identification of COVID-19 in SNF residents. Residents were categorized as asymptomatic or symptomatic at the time of testing, based on the absence or presence of fever, cough, shortness of breath, or other symptoms on the day of testing or during the preceding 14 days. Among 23 (30%) residents with positive test results, 10 (43%) had symptoms on the date of testing, and 13 (57%) were asymptomatic. Seven days after testing, 10 of these 13 previously asymptomatic residents had developed symptoms and were recategorized as presymptomatic at the time of testing. The reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing cycle threshold (Ct) values indicated large quantities of viral RNA in asymptomatic, presymptomatic, and symptomatic residents, suggesting the potential for transmission regardless of symptoms. Symptom-based screening in SNFs could fail to identify approximately half of residents with COVID-19. Long-term care facilities should take proactive steps to prevent introduction of SARS-CoV-2 (3). Once a confirmed case is identified in an SNF, all residents should be placed on isolation precautions if possible (3), with considerations for extended use or reuse of personal protective equipment (PPE) as needed (4).
JO  - MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 69
IS  - 13
PG  - 377-381
SP  - 377
EP  - 381
AN  - 
DO  - 10.15585/mmwr.mm6913e1
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Among Residents and Staff Members of an Independent and Assisted Living Community for Older Adults — Seattle, Washington, 2020
AU  - Alison, C. Roxby
AU  - Alexander, L. Greninger
AU  - Kelly, M. Hatfield
AU  - John, B. Lynch
AU  - Timothy, H. Dellit
AU  - Allison, James
AU  - Taylor, Joanne
AU  - Libby, C. Page
AU  - Anne, Kimball
AU  - Melissa, Arons
AU  - Laura, A. Schieve
AU  - Albert, Munanga
AU  - Nimalie, Stone
AU  - John, A. Jernigan
AU  - Sujan, C. Reddy
AU  - James, Lewis
AU  - Seth, A. Cohen
AU  - Keith, R. Jerome
AU  - Jeffrey, S. Duchin
AU  - Santiago, Neme
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Summary What is already known about this topic? Community transmission of COVID-19 has been associated with rapid spread and high morbidity and mortality among older adults in long-term skilled nursing facilities. COVID-19 transmission in other types of senior living communities has not been described. What is added by this report? Following identification of two COVID-19 cases in a Seattle independent and assisted living facility, stringent preventive measures were implemented. Testing of all residents and staff members found few cases of COVID-19. Three of four residents who had positive test results were asymptomatic. What are the implications for public health practice? Symptom-based screening might not identify SARS-CoV-2 infections in independent and assisted living facility residents, underscoring the importance of adhering to CDC guidance to prevent COVID-19 transmission in senior living communities.
JO  - Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6914e2
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Rapid Sentinel Surveillance for COVID-19 — Santa Clara County, California, March 2020
AU  - Marissa, L. Zwald
AU  - Wen, Lin
AU  - Gail, L. Sondermeyer Cooksey
AU  - Charles, Weiss
AU  - Angela, Suarez
AU  - Marc, Fischer
AU  - Brandon, J. Bonin
AU  - Seema, Jain
AU  - Gayle, E. Langley
AU  - Benjamin, J. Park
AU  - Danielle, Moulia
AU  - Benedict, Rory
AU  - Nang, Nguyen
AU  - George, S. Han
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - What is already known about this topic? On February 27, 2020, Santa Clara County, California, identified its first case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) associated with probable community transmission. What is added by this report? During March 5–14, among patients with respiratory symptoms evaluated at one of four Santa Clara County urgent care centers serving as sentinel surveillance sites, 23% had positive test results for influenza. Among a subset of patients with negative test results for influenza, 11% had positive test results for COVID-19. What are the implications for public health practice? COVID-19 cases identified through this sentinel surveillance system helped confirm community transmission in the county. Local health departments can use sentinel surveillance to understand the level of community transmission of COVID-19 and to better guide the selection and implementation of community mitigation measures.
JO  - Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6914e3
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Immunosuppression during the COVID-19 pandemic in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders patients: a new challenge
AU  - Contentti, Edgar Carnero
AU  - Correa, Jorge
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 102097-102097
SP  - 102097
EP  - 102097
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msard.2020.102097
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211034820301747
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and Interconnectedness
AU  - Jull, Gwendolen
AU  - Moore, Ann P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Musculoskeletal Science and Practice
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 102164-102164
SP  - 102164
EP  - 102164
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msksp.2020.102164
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468781220302277
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Safely conducting essential research in the face of COVID-19
AU  - Gewin, Virginia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Staying at home is not an option for scientists working on potential vaccines or caring for research animals. Around the world, universities have closed because of COVID-19 — forcing an increasing number of researchers to work and teach from home. Some scientists can’t simply stop going to their laboratories — especially not those who are overseeing clinical trials that could offer life-saving vaccines and therapies, particularly against the new coronavirus. And some research activities must continue even in the face of a shutdown. “Animals need to be looked after, and breeding lines must be kept going. Many of these are unique and can’t be regenerated,” says Mike Turner, director of science at Wellcome, a research-funding charity in London.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How poorer countries are scrambling to prevent a coronavirus disaster
AU  - Maxmen, Amy
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00983-9
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Share mobile and social-media data to curb COVID-19
AU  - McKendry, Rachel A.
AU  - Rees, Geraint
AU  - Cox, Ingemar J.
AU  - Johnson, Anne
AU  - Edelstein, Michael
AU  - Eland, Andrew
AU  - Stevens, Molly M.
AU  - Heymann, David
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 580
IS  - 7801
PG  - 29-29
SP  - 29
EP  - 29
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00908-6
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Role of Porcine Aminopeptidase N and Sialic Acids in Porcine Coronavirus Infections in Primary Porcine Enterocytes
AU  - Cui, Tingting
AU  - Theuns, Sebastiaan
AU  - Xie, Jiexiong
AU  - Broeck, Wim Van den
AU  - Nauwynck, Hans J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) and transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) have been reported to use aminopeptidase N (APN) as a cellular receptor. Recently, the role of APN as a receptor for PEDV has been questioned. In our study, the role of APN in PEDV and TGEV infections was studied in primary porcine enterocytes. After seven days of cultivation, 89% of enterocytes presented microvilli and showed a two- to five-fold higher susceptibility to PEDV and TGEV. A significant increase of PEDV and TGEV infection was correlated with a higher expression of APN, which was indicative that APN plays an important role in porcine coronavirus infections. However, PEDV and TGEV infected both APN positive and negative enterocytes. PEDV and TGEV Miller showed a higher infectivity in APN positive cells than in APN negative cells. In contrast, TGEV Purdue replicated better in APN negative cells. These results show that an additional receptor exists, different from APN for porcine coronaviruses. Subsequently, treatment of enterocytes with neuraminidase (NA) had no effect on infection efficiency of TGEV, implying that terminal cellular sialic acids (SAs) are no receptor determinants for TGEV. Treatment of TGEV with NA significantly enhanced the infection which shows that TGEV is masked by SAs.
JO  - Viruses 2020, Vol. 12, Page 402
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 12
IS  - 4
PG  - 402-402
SP  - 402
EP  - 402
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/V12040402
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recommendation about the perioperative prevention of infection to healthcare workers and the anesthesia management of children with SARS-CoV-2 infection
AU  - Huang, J.
AU  - Hu, Y.
AU  - Wang, J.
AU  - Wang, D.
AU  - Zhu, Z.
AU  - Hu, Z.
AU  - Jin, Z.
AU  - Lin, H.
AU  - Huang, W.
AU  - Shen, W.
AU  - Jiang, Y.
AU  - Hu, M.
AU  - Wu, J.
AU  - Suo, Y.
AU  - Shu, Q.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread widely and persistently over 100 countries. New challenges have occurred in the perioperative management of airway and anesthesia in children diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection. According to current publications and to our own experiences in anesthesia management for cases with SARS-CoV-2 suspected, we reviewed concerns about the perioperative prevention of SARS-CoV-2 to medical staff and the anesthesia strategy to the patient.
JO  - World Journal of Pediatric Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 3
IS  - 1
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/wjps-2020-000126
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L631307625 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/wjps-2020-000126
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - We Asked the Experts: Covid-19 Outbreak: Is There Still a Place for Scheduled Surgery? “Reflection from Pathophysiological Data”
AU  - Besnier, Emmanuel
AU  - Tuech, Jean-Jacques
AU  - Schwarz, Lilian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - World Journal of Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00268-020-05501-6
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00268-020-05501-6
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinician Mental Health and Well-Being During Global Healthcare Crises: Evidence Learned From Prior Epidemics for COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Jun, Jin
AU  - Tucker, Sharon
AU  - Melnyk, Bernadette
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is sweeping across the globe, having sickened more than 640,000 people and claimed over 30,000 lives in approximately 202 countries at the time of writing with no sign of slowing down (World Health Organization, 2020). Each time a pandemic or an epidemic disease occurs, such as measles, scarlet fever, HIV/AIDS, Ebola, or the flu of 2013, healthcare professionals are on the front lines, battling diseases and caring for sick and dying patients, even while knowingly putting themselves at risk (Borghese, Di Donato, Ruotolo, & Fiegender, 2020).
JO  - Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/wvn.12439
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/wvn.12439
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Comparison of clinical and pathological features between severe acute respiratory syndrome and coronavirus disease 2019]
AU  - Zhang, T.
AU  - Sun, L. X.
AU  - Feng, R. E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) shared similar pathogenetic, clinical and pathological features. Fever and cough were the most common symptoms of both diseases, while myalgia and diarrhea were less common in patients with COVID-19. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) was the most severe pulmonary complication that caused high mortality rate. Histologically, diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) was the most characteristic finding in non-survivors with either SARS or COVID-19. Cases of patients died less than 10~14 days of disease duration demonstrated acute-phase DAD, while cases beyond 10~14 days of disease duration exhibited organizing-phase DAD in SARS. Meanwhile, organization and fibrosis were usually accompanied by exudation. Coronavirus was mostly detected in pneumocytes, while less in macrophages and bronchiolar epithelial cells. Hemorrhagic necrosis and lymphocytes depletion were found in lymph nodes and spleen in both SARS and COVID-19, indicating a pathological basis of lymphocytopenia. Thrombosis was commonly observed in small vessels and microvascular in lungs accompanying DAD. Microthrombosis was also found in extrapulmonary organs in COVID-19, that was less reported in SARS. Damages in multiple extrapulmonary organs were observed, but coronavirus was not detected in some of those organs, might indicating an alternative mechanism beyond viral infection, such as hypoxemia, ischemia and cytokine storm induced immunological injury. Diffuse alveolar damage due to viral infection and immunological injury, as well as multi-organ dysfunction and extensive microthrombus formation, brought huge challenge to the management of patients with severe SARS or COVID-19.
JO  - Zhonghua jie he he hu xi za zhi = Zhonghua jiehe he huxi zazhi = Chinese journal of tuberculosis and respiratory diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 0
PG  - E040-E040
SP  - E040
EP  - E040
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20200311-00312
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [From Tuberculosis to COVID-19: Legal and Constitutional Framework Regarding Compulsory Isolation/Treatment due to Contagious Diseases in Portugal]
AU  - Peixoto, Vasco Ricoca
AU  - Mexia, Ricardo
AU  - Santos, Nina Sousa
AU  - Carvalho, Carlos
AU  - Abrantes, Alexandre
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Acta Med Port
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32238235
DO  - 10.20344/amp.13562
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID 19 a challenge for emergency medicine and every health care professional
AU  - Smereka, Jacek
AU  - Szarpak, Lukasz
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Am J Emerg Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32241630
DO  - 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.03.038
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A segregated-team model to maintain cancer care during the COVID-19 outbreak at an academic center in Singapore
AU  - Ngoi, Natalie
AU  - Lim, Joline
AU  - Ow, Samuel
AU  - Jen, Wei Ying
AU  - Lee, Matilda
AU  - Teo, Winnie
AU  - Ho, Jingshan
AU  - Sundar, Raghav
AU  - Tung, Moon Ley
AU  - Lee, Yee Mei
AU  - Ngo, Ednajoy
AU  - Lim, Siew Woon
AU  - Ong, Jason
AU  - Lim, Frances
AU  - Bonney, Glenn
AU  - Vellayappan, Balamurugan
AU  - Ho, Francis
AU  - Tey, Jeremy
AU  - Chan, Noreen
AU  - de Mel, Sanjay
AU  - Poon, Michelle
AU  - Lee, Shir Ying
AU  - Koh, Liang Piu
AU  - Liu, Te Chih
AU  - Tan, Lip Kun
AU  - Wong, Alvin
AU  - Wong, Andrea
AU  - Lim, Siew Eng
AU  - Yeoh, Allen
AU  - Wong, John El
AU  - Tan, David
AU  - Goh, Boon Cher
AU  - Chng, Wee Joo
AU  - Soo, Ross
AU  - Chee, Cheng Ean
AU  - Chee, Yen Lin
AU  - Lee, Soo Chin
AU  - Jeyasekharan, Anand D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Ann Oncol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32243893
DO  - 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.03.306
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Infection in Cancer Patients: Early Observations and Unanswered Questions
AU  - Oh, William K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Ann Oncol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32243894
DO  - 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.03.297
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Network pharmacology-based analysis of the role of traditional Chinese herbal medicines in the treatment of COVID-19
AU  - Yu, Shengwei
AU  - Wang, Junwu
AU  - Shen, Haitao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: The novel coronavirus named COVID-19, which originated in Wuhan, China, has spread to many countries around the world. Currently, no effective medical treatment exists to combat this disease. Traditional Chinese herbal medicines (CHM) have unique roles in the treatment of viral infections. In this article we analyzed the effectiveness and possible molecular mechanisms of CHM formulas for the prevention of COVID-19. METHODS: The active ingredients and action targets of CHM formulas were obtained from the TCMSP database. Genes related to severe acute respiratory syndromes (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) were queried on the GeneCards database. The action mechanisms of these genes were predicted using a Gene Ontology (GO)-based functional enrichment and annotation tool and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). RESULTS: CHM formulas played a positive role in preventing COVID-19 and warrant further application. CONCLUSIONS: Our research provides new evidence to support the possible value of CHM formulas for the prevention of COVID-19. However, further clinical studies with large sample sizes are required to verify their effectiveness.
JO  - Ann Palliat Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32233641
DO  - 10.21037/apm.2020.03.27
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Risk factors associated with disease progression in a cohort of patients infected with the 2019 novel coronavirus
AU  - Zhou, Yulong
AU  - Zhang, Zhicheng
AU  - Tian, Jie
AU  - Xiong, Shaoyun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: The emerging infection of the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in late December, 2019 in Wuhan, China, has caused an extreme health concern, with many patients having progressed to acute respiratory disease or other complications in a short period. Meanwhile, the risk factors associated with the disease progression still remain elusive. METHODS: A cohort of 17 patients with laboratory-confirmed 2019-nCoV infections who were admitted to the Ninth Hospital of Nanchang between January 28 and February 6, 2020, were enrolled in this study. All the patients received standardized treatment. The disease progression was evaluated every 7 days after admission. The clinical, radiologic, and laboratory characteristics were retrospectively analyzed, and the factors associated with the disease progression were screened by binary logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The cohort comprised 11 women (64.7%) and 6 men (35.3%) between the ages of 18 to 70 years old. All patients had a reported history of contact with infection-confirmed patients. Fever (11/64.7%) and cough (8/47.1%) were the most common symptoms, whereas dyspnea (2/11.8%) and fatigue (3/17.6%) were rare, and there was no patient with diarrhea symptoms. There were 5 patients with aggravated disease at the first disease progression evaluation, and no patient received mechanical ventilation, transferred to the intensive care unit (ICU), or progressed to acute respiratory distress syndrome, septic shock, refractory metabolic acidosis, coagulation dysfunction, or death. Based on the disease progression, patients were divided into the non-aggravation group (12 cases) and the aggravation group (5 cases). There were no significant differences between the 2 groups with respect to their clinical characteristics. Chest computed tomography (CT) on admission revealed there were 8 patients (47.1%) with invasive lesions found bilaterally on the lungs on multiple lobes, 4 patients (23.5%) with invasive lesions on 1 lobe, and 5 patients (29.4%) with normal chest CT. The aggravation group had1 patient (20.0%) with invasive lesions on one lobe, 3 (60.0%) with invasive lesions on multiple lobes, bilaterally, and 1 (20.0%) with normal chest CT; meanwhile, the nonaggravation group had 3 patients (25.0%) with invasive lesions on one lobe, 5 (41.7%) with invasive lesions on multiple lobes, bilaterally, and 4 (33.3%) with normal chest CT. No significant difference was found between the 2 groups. In the aggravation group, the total lymphocyte counts significantly decreased in comparison to that in the non-aggravation group. Further analysis showed that the CD4+ T cell count but not the CD8+ T cell count of the aggravation group was significantly lower than that of the non-aggravation group. Correlation analysis indicated total lymphocyte count was positively correlated with CD4+ T cell count, and no significant differences were found between the 2 groups in other laboratory measurements, including those of white blood cell (WBC) count, C-reactive protein (CRP), albumin, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and D-dimer. Finally, a binary logistic regression model was used to identify the factors associated with the disease progression. It was found that total lymphocyte count was a risk factor associated with disease progression in patients infected with 2019-nCoV. CONCLUSIONS: A higher cell count of total lymphocytes may indicate a better outcome of the disease, and immune response may be a vital factor for directing disease progression in the early stage of 2019-nCoV infection.
JO  - Ann Palliat Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32233642
DO  - 10.21037/apm.2020.03.26
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in patients with cardiovascular diseases
AU  - Hulot, Jean-Sebastien
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Arch Cardiovasc Dis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32245656
DO  - 10.1016/j.acvd.2020.03.009
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and the Heart
AU  - Strabelli, Tania Mara Varejao
AU  - Uip, David Everson
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Arq Bras Cardiol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32236325
DO  - 10.36660/abc.20200209
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - First case of COVID-19 in a patient with multiple myeloma successfully treated with tocilizumab
AU  - Zhang, Xuhan
AU  - Song, Kaidi
AU  - Tong, Fei
AU  - Fei, Mingming
AU  - Guo, Hui
AU  - Lu, Zhaohui
AU  - Wang, Jinquan
AU  - Zheng, Changcheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Blood Adv
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32243501
DO  - 10.1182/bloodadvances.2020001907
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Therapeutic options for genitourinary cancers during the epidemic period of COVID-19]
AU  - Fizazi, Karim
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Bull Cancer
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32245603
DO  - 10.1016/j.bulcan.2020.03.003
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Safety of Ibuprofen in Patients with COVID-19; Causal or Confounded?
AU  - Sodhi, Mohit
AU  - Etminan, Mahyar
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Chest
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32243944
DO  - 10.1016/j.chest.2020.03.040
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Treatment with convalescent plasma for critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection
AU  - Zhang, Bin
AU  - Liu, Shuyi
AU  - Tan, Tan
AU  - Huang, Wenhui
AU  - Dong, Yuhao
AU  - Chen, Luyan
AU  - Chen, Qiuying
AU  - Zhang, Lu
AU  - Zhong, Qingyang
AU  - Zhang, Xiaoping
AU  - Zou, Yujian
AU  - Zhang, Shuixing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As of March 24, 2020, novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been responsible for 379,661 infection cases with 16,428 deaths globally and the number is still increasing rapidly. Herein, we presented four critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection who received supportive care and convalescent plasma. Although all the four patients (including a pregnant woman) recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection eventually, randomized trials are needed to eliminate the effect of other treatments and investigate the safety and efficacy of convalescent plasma therapy.
JO  - Chest
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32243945
DO  - 10.1016/j.chest.2020.03.039
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Letter by Pilz et al Regarding Article, "Impact of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak on ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Care in Hong Kong, China"
AU  - Pilz, Stefan
AU  - Theiler-Schwetz, Verena
AU  - Trummer, Christian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32243191
DO  - 10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.120.006734
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Variety of Cardiovascular Presentations of COVID-19
AU  - Fried, Justin A.
AU  - Ramasubbu, Kumudha
AU  - Bhatt, Reema
AU  - Topkara, Veli K.
AU  - Clerkin, Kevin J.
AU  - Horn, Evelyn
AU  - Rabbani, LeRoy
AU  - Brodie, Daniel
AU  - Jain, Sneha S.
AU  - Kirtane, Ajay
AU  - Masoumi, Amirali
AU  - Takeda, Koji
AU  - Kumaraiah, Deepa
AU  - Burkhoff, Daniel
AU  - Leon, Martin
AU  - Schwartz, Allan
AU  - Uriel, Nir
AU  - Sayer, Gabriel
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Circulation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32243205
DO  - 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.047164
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and the Inpatient Dialysis Unit: Managing Resources During Contingency Planning Pre-Crisis
AU  - Burgner, Anna
AU  - Ikizler, T. Alp
AU  - Dwyer, Jamie P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clin J Am Soc Nephrol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32245780
DO  - 10.2215/CJN.03750320
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - International Guidelines on Radiation Therapy for Breast Cancer During the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Coles, C. E.
AU  - Aristei, C.
AU  - Bliss, J.
AU  - Boersma, L.
AU  - Brunt, A. M.
AU  - Chatterjee, S.
AU  - Hanna, G.
AU  - Jagsi, R.
AU  - Kaidar Person, O.
AU  - Kirby, A.
AU  - Mjaaland, I.
AU  - Meattini, I.
AU  - Luis, A. M.
AU  - Marta, G. N.
AU  - Offersen, B.
AU  - Poortmans, P.
AU  - Rivera, S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32241520
DO  - 10.1016/j.clon.2020.03.006
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 RNA Detected in Blood Donations
AU  - Chang, Le
AU  - Zhao, Lei
AU  - Gong, Huafei
AU  - Wang, Lunan
AU  - Wang, Lan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Because of high rates of 2019 novel coronavirus disease in Wuhan, China, Wuhan Blood Center began screening for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 RNA on January 25, 2020. We screened donations in real-time and retrospectively and found plasma samples positive for viral RNA from 4 asymptomatic donors.
JO  - Emerg Infect Dis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32243255
DO  - 10.3201/eid2607.200839
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Emergency departments and the COVID-19 pandemic: making the most of limited resources
AU  - Mitchell, Rob
AU  - Banks, Colin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Emerg Med J
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32241814
DO  - 10.1136/emermed-2020-209660
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic: A review of the current evidence
AU  - Chatterjee, Pranab
AU  - Nagi, Nazia
AU  - Agarwal, Anup
AU  - Das, Bhabatosh
AU  - Banerjee, Sayantan
AU  - Sarkar, Swarup
AU  - Gupta, Nivedita
AU  - Gangakhedkar, Raman R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A novel coronavirus (nCoV) spillover event, with its epicenter in Wuhan, People's Republic of China, has emerged as a public health emergency of international concern. This began as an outbreak in December 2019, and till February 28, 2020, there have been 83,704 confirmed cases of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) globally, with 2,859 deaths, resulting in an overall case fatality rate of 3.41 per cent (95% confidence interval 3.29-3.54%). By this time (February 28, 2020) 58 countries or territories and one international conveyance (Diamond Princess Cruise Ship) were affected. As a part of the global response to manage and contain the pandemic, major emphasis was placed on generating research intelligence to guide evidence-based responses to contain the virus, which was named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), owing to its genetic similarities with the SARS virus. This review summarizes the emerging evidence which can help guide the public health response, particularly in India. Key areas have been identified in which research needs to be conducted to generate critical intelligence for advising prevention and control efforts. The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 has once again exposed the weaknesses of global health systems preparedness, ability to respond to an infectious threat, the rapidity of transmission of infections across international borders and the ineffectiveness of knee-jerk policy responses to emerging/re-emerging infectious disease threats. The review concludes with the key learning points from the ongoing efforts to prevent and contain COVID-19 and identifies the need to invest in health systems, community-led response mechanisms and the need for preparedness and global health security.
JO  - Indian J Med Res
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32242874
DO  - 10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_519_20
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Development of in vitro transcribed RNA as positive control for laboratory diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 in India
AU  - Choudhary, Manohar Lal
AU  - Vipat, Veena
AU  - Jadhav, Sheetal
AU  - Basu, Atanu
AU  - Cherian, Sarah
AU  - Abraham, Priya
AU  - Potdar, Varsha A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Indian J Med Res
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32242876
DO  - 10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_671_20
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Laboratory preparedness for SARS-CoV-2 testing in India: Harnessing a network of Virus Research & Diagnostic Laboratories
AU  - Gupta, Nivedita
AU  - Potdar, Varsha
AU  - Praharaj, Ira
AU  - Giri, Sidhartha
AU  - Sapkal, Gajanan
AU  - Yadav, Pragya
AU  - Choudhary, Manohar Lal
AU  - Dar, Lalit
AU  - Sugunan, A. P.
AU  - Kaur, Harmanmeet
AU  - Munivenkatappa, Ashok
AU  - Shastri, Jayanthi
AU  - Kaveri, Krishnasamy
AU  - Dutta, Shanta
AU  - Malhotra, Bharti
AU  - Jain, Amita
AU  - Nagamani, Kammilli
AU  - Shantala, G. B.
AU  - Raut, Sharmila
AU  - Vegad, M. M.
AU  - Sharma, Ajanta
AU  - Choudhary, Aashish
AU  - Brijwal, Megha
AU  - Balakrishnan, Anukumar
AU  - Manjunatha, Jayaswamy
AU  - Pathak, Manish
AU  - Srinivasan, Sivasubramanian
AU  - Banu, Hasina
AU  - Sharma, Himanshu
AU  - Jain, Parul
AU  - Sunita, Pakalpati
AU  - Ambica, R.
AU  - Fageria, Babita
AU  - Patel, Disha
AU  - Rajbongshi, Gitika
AU  - Vijay, Neetu
AU  - Narayan, Jitendra
AU  - Aggarwal, Neeraj
AU  - Nagar, Anu
AU  - Gangakhedkar, Raman R.
AU  - Abraham, Priya
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background & objectives: : An outbreak of respiratory illness of unknown aetiology was reported from Hubei province of Wuhan, People's Republic of China, in December 2019. The outbreak was attributed to a novel coronavirus (CoV), named as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV-2 and the disease as COVID-19. Within one month, cases were reported from 25 countries. In view of the novel viral strain with reported high morbidity, establishing early countrywide diagnosis to detect imported cases became critical. Here we describe the role of a countrywide network of VRDLs in early diagnosis of COVID-19. Methods: : The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)-National Institute of Virology (NIV), Pune, established screening as well as confirmatory assays for SARS-CoV-2. A total of 13 VRDLs were provided with the E gene screening real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) assay. VRDLs were selected on the basis of their presence near an international airport/seaport and their past performance. The case definition for testing included all individuals with travel history to Wuhan and symptomatic individuals with travel history to other parts of China. This was later expanded to include symptomatic individuals returning from Singapore, Japan, Hong Kong, Thailand and South Korea. Results: : Within a week of standardization of the test at NIV, all VRDLs could initiate testing for SARS-CoV-2. Till February 29, 2020, a total of 2,913 samples were tested. This included both 654 individuals quarantined in the two camps and others fitting within the case definition. The quarantined individuals were tested twice - at days 0 and 14. All tested negative on both occasions. Only three individuals belonging to different districts in Kerala were found to be positive. Interpretation & conclusions: : Sudden emergence of SARS-CoV-2 and its potential to cause a pandemic posed an unsurmountable challenge to the public health system of India. However, concerted efforts of various arms of the Government of India resulted in a well-coordinated action at each level. India has successfully demonstrated its ability to establish quick diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 at NIV, Pune, and the testing VRDLs.
JO  - Indian J Med Res
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32242875
DO  - 10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_594_20
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Full-genome sequences of the first two SARS-CoV-2 viruses from India
AU  - Yadav, Pragya D.
AU  - Potdar, Varsha A.
AU  - Choudhary, Manohar Lal
AU  - Nyayanit, Dimpal A.
AU  - Agrawal, Megha
AU  - Jadhav, Santosh M.
AU  - Majumdar, Triparna D.
AU  - Shete-Aich, Anita
AU  - Basu, Atanu
AU  - Abraham, Priya
AU  - Cherian, Sarah S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background & objectives: : Since December 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has globally affected 195 countries. In India, suspected cases were screened for SARS-CoV-2 as per the advisory of the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. The objective of this study was to characterize SARS-CoV-2 sequences from three identified positive cases as on February 29, 2020. Methods: : Throat swab/nasal swab specimens for a total of 881 suspected cases were screened by E gene and confirmed by RdRp (1), RdRp (2) and N gene real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reactions and next-generation sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis, molecular characterization and prediction of B- and T-cell epitopes for Indian SARS-CoV-2 sequences were undertaken. Results: : Three cases with a travel history from Wuhan, China, were confirmed positive for SARS-CoV-2. Almost complete (29,851 nucleotides) genomes of case 1, case 3 and a fragmented genome for case 2 were obtained. The sequences of Indian SARS-CoV-2 though not identical showed high (~99.98%) identity with Wuhan seafood market pneumonia virus (accession number: NC 045512). Phylogenetic analysis showed that the Indian sequences belonged to different clusters. Predicted linear B-cell epitopes were found to be concentrated in the S1 domain of spike protein, and a conformational epitope was identified in the receptor-binding domain. The predicted T-cell epitopes showed broad human leucocyte antigen allele coverage of A and B supertypes predominant in the Indian population. Interpretation & conclusions: : The two SARS-CoV-2 sequences obtained from India represent two different introductions into the country. The genetic heterogeneity is as noted globally. The identified B- and T-cell epitopes may be considered suitable for future experiments towards the design of vaccines and diagnostics. Continuous monitoring and analysis of the sequences of new cases from India and the other affected countries would be vital to understand the genetic evolution and rates of substitution of the SARS-CoV-2.
JO  - Indian J Med Res
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32242873
DO  - 10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_663_20
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel Coronavirus 2019 (2019-nCoV) Infection: Part I - Preparedness and Management in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit in Resource-limited Settings
AU  - Ravikumar, Namita
AU  - Nallasamy, Karthi
AU  - Bansal, Arun
AU  - Angurana, Suresh Kumar
AU  - Basavaraja, G. V.
AU  - Sundaram, Manu
AU  - Lodha, Rakesh
AU  - Gupta, Dhiren
AU  - Jayashree, Muralidharan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - First reported in China, the 2019 novel coronavirus has been spreading across globe. Till 26 March, 2020, 416,686 cases have been diagnosed and 18,589 have died the world over. The coronavirus disease mainly starts with a respiratory illness and about 5%-16% require intensive care management for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and multi-organ dysfunction. Children account for about 1%-2% of the total cases, and 6% of these fall under severe or critical category requiring pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) care. Diagnosis involves a combination of clinical and epidemiological features with laboratory confirmation. Preparedness strategies for managing this pandemic are the need of the hour, and involve setting up cohort ICUs with isolation rooms. Re-allocation of resources in managing this crisis involves careful planning, halting elective surgeries and training of healthcare workers. Strict adherence to infection control like personal protective equipment and disinfection is the key to contain the disease transmission. Although many therapies have been tried in various reigns, there is a lack of strong evidence to recommend anti-virals or immunomodulatory drugs.
JO  - Indian Pediatr
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32238612
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Measles Immunization: Worth Considering Containment Strategy for SARS-CoV-2 Global Outbreak
AU  - Shanker, Varnit
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Indian Pediatr
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32238614
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel Coronavirus 2019 (2019-nCoV) Infection: Part II - Respiratory Support in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit in Resource-limited Settings
AU  - Sundaram, Manu
AU  - Ravikumar, Namita
AU  - Bansal, Arun
AU  - Nallasamy, Karthi
AU  - Basavaraja, G. V.
AU  - Lodha, Rakesh
AU  - Gupta, Dhiren
AU  - Odena, Marti Pons
AU  - Ashwath, R. N. Ram
AU  - Jayashree, Muralidharan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The 2019-novel coronavirus predominantly affects the respiratory system with manifestations ranging from upper respiratory symptoms to full blown acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). It is important to recognize the risk factors, categorize severity and provide early treatment. Use of high flow devices and non-invasive ventilation has been discouraged due to high chances of aerosol generation. Early intubation and mechanical ventilation are essential to prevent complications and worsening, especially in resource-limited settings with very few centers having expertise to manage critical cases. Hydrophobic viral filter in the ventilator circuit minimizes chances of transmission of virus. Strategies to manage ARDS in COVID-19 include low tidal volume ventilation with liberal sedation-analgesia. At the same time, prevention of transmission of the virus to healthcare workers is extremely important in the intensive care setting dealing with severe cases and requiring procedures generating aerosol. We, herein, provide guidance on non-invasive respiratory support, intubation and management of ARDS in a child with COVID-19.
JO  - Indian Pediatr
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32238613
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Care for the psychological status of frontline medical staff fighting against COVID-19
AU  - Huang, Jing
AU  - Liu, Fangkun
AU  - Teng, Ziwei
AU  - Chen, Jindong
AU  - Zhao, Jingping
AU  - Wang, Xiaoping
AU  - Wu, Renrong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clin Infect Dis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32246142
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa385
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A new threat from an old enemy: Reemergence of coronavirus (Review)
AU  - Docea, Anca Oana
AU  - Tsatsakis, Aristidis
AU  - Albulescu, Dana
AU  - Cristea, Oana
AU  - Zlatian, Ovidiu
AU  - Vinceti, Marco
AU  - Moschos, Sterghios A.
AU  - Tsoukalas, Dimitris
AU  - Goumenou, Marina
AU  - Drakoulis, Nikolaos
AU  - Dumanov, Josef M.
AU  - Tutelyan, Victor A.
AU  - Onischenko, Gennadii G.
AU  - Aschner, Michael
AU  - Spandidos, Demetrios A.
AU  - Calina, Daniela
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The new outbreak of coronavirus from December 2019 has brought attention to an old viral enemy and has raised concerns as to the ability of current protection measures and the healthcare system to handle such a threat. It has been known since the 1960s that coronaviruses can cause respiratory infections in humans; however, their epidemic potential was understood only during the past two decades. In the present review, we address current knowledge on coronaviruses from a short history to epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestation of the disease, as well as treatment and prevention strategies. Although a great amount of research and efforts have been made worldwide to prevent further outbreaks of coronavirusassociated disease, the spread and lethality of the 2019 outbreak (COVID19) is proving to be higher than previous epidemics on account of international travel density and immune naivety of the population. Only strong, joint and coordinated efforts of worldwide healthcare systems, researchers, and pharmaceutical companies and receptive national leaders will succeed in suppressing an outbreak of this scale.
JO  - Int J Mol Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32236624
DO  - 10.3892/ijmm.2020.4555
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus disease 2019: What we know?
AU  - He, Feng
AU  - Deng, Yu
AU  - Li, Weina
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In late December 2019, a cluster of unexplained pneumonia cases has been reported in Wuhan, China. A few days later, the causative agent of this mysterious pneumonia was identified as a novel coronavirus. This causative virus has been temporarily named as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and the relevant infected disease has been named as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by the World Health Organization, respectively. The COVID-19 epidemic is spreading in China and all over the world now. The purpose of this review is primarily to review the pathogen, clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of COVID-19, but also to comment briefly on the epidemiology and pathology based on the current evidence.
JO  - J Med Virol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32170865
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25766
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 patients' clinical characteristics, discharge rate, and fatality rate of meta-analysis
AU  - Li, Long-Quan
AU  - Huang, Tian
AU  - Wang, Yong-Qing
AU  - Wang, Zheng-Ping
AU  - Liang, Yuan
AU  - Huang, Tao-Bi
AU  - Zhang, Hui-Yun
AU  - Sun, Weiming
AU  - Wang, Yuping
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical data, discharge rate, and fatality rate of COVID-19 patients for clinical help. The clinical data of COVID-19 patients from December 2019 to February 2020 were retrieved from four databases. We statistically analyzed the clinical symptoms and laboratory results of COVID-19 patients and explained the discharge rate and fatality rate with a single-arm meta-analysis. The available data of 1994 patients in 10 literatures were included in our study. The main clinical symptoms of COVID-19 patients were fever (88.5%), cough (68.6%), myalgia or fatigue (35.8%), expectoration (28.2%), and dyspnea (21.9%). Minor symptoms include headache or dizziness (12.1%), diarrhea (4.8%), nausea and vomiting (3.9%). The results of the laboratory showed that the lymphocytopenia (64.5%), increase of C-reactive protein (44.3%), increase of lactic dehydrogenase (28.3%), and leukocytopenia (29.4%) were more common. The results of single-arm meta-analysis showed that the male took a larger percentage in the gender distribution of COVID-19 patients 60% (95% CI [0.54, 0.65]), the discharge rate of COVID-19 patients was 42% (95% CI [0.29, 0.55]), and the fatality rate was 5% (95% CI [0.01,0.11]).
JO  - J Med Virol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32162702
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25757
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Current Status of Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Therapeutics, and Vaccines for Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
AU  - Ahn, Dae-Gyun
AU  - Shin, Hye-Jin
AU  - Kim, Mi-Hwa
AU  - Lee, Sunhee
AU  - Kim, Hae-Soo
AU  - Myoung, Jinjong
AU  - Kim, Bum-Tae
AU  - Kim, Seong-Jun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which causes serious respiratory illness such as pneumonia and lung failure, was first reported in Wuhan, the capital of Hubei, China. The etiological agent of COVID-19 has been confirmed as a novel coronavirus, now known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is most likely originated from zoonotic coronaviruses, like SARS-CoV, which emerged in 2002. Within a few months of the first report, SARS-CoV-2 had spread across China and worldwide, reaching a pandemic level. As COVID-19 has triggered enormous human casualties and serious economic loss posing global threat, an understanding of the ongoing situation and the development of strategies to contain the virus's spread are urgently needed. Currently, various diagnostic kits to test for COVID-19 are available and several repurposing therapeutics for COVID-19 have shown to be clinically effective. In addition, global institutions and companies have begun to develop vaccines for the prevention of COVID-19. Here, we review the current status of epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and vaccine development for COVID-19.
JO  - J Microbiol Biotechnol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32238757
DO  - 10.4014/jmb.2003.03011
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Editorial: COVID-19 and Older Adults
AU  - Morley, J. E.
AU  - Vellas, B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Nutr Health Aging
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32242202
DO  - 10.1007/s12603-020-1349-9
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Updated rapid risk assessment from ECDC on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic: increased transmission in the EU/EEA and the UK
AU  - Eurosurveillance Editorial, Team
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Euro Surveill
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32234119
DO  - 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.12.2003261
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Climate Change, Covid-19, Preparedness, and Consciousness
AU  - Schwartz, Stephan A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Explore (NY)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32241685
DO  - 10.1016/j.explore.2020.02.022
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: Pandemonium in our time
AU  - Bergquist, Robert
AU  - Rinaldi, Laura
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - While pandemonium has come to mean wild and noisy disorder, the reference here is to John Milton's epic poem Paradise Lost and the upheaval following Lucifer's banishment from Heaven and his construction of Pandaemonium as his hub. Today's avalanche of conflicting news on how to deal with the coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) brings to mind the Trinity nuclear bomb test with Enrico Fermi estimating its strength by releasing small pieces of paper into the air and measuring their displacement by the shock wave. Fermi's result, in fact not far from the true value, emphasised his ability to make good approximations with few or no actual data. The current wave of Covid-19 presents just this kind of situation as it engulfs the world from ground zero in Wuhan, China. Much information is indeed missing, but datasets that might lead to useful ideas on how to handle this pandemic are steadily accumulating.
JO  - Geospat Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32238978
DO  - 10.4081/gh.2020.880
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A fatal case of COVID-19 pneumonia occurring in a patient with severe acute ulcerative colitis
AU  - Mazza, Stefano
AU  - Sorce, Andrea
AU  - Peyvandi, Flora
AU  - Vecchi, Maurizio
AU  - Caprioli, Flavio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Gut
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32245909
DO  - 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-321183
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 and inherited arrhythmia syndromes
AU  - Wu, Cheng- I.
AU  - Postema, Pieter G.
AU  - Arbelo, Elena
AU  - Behr, Elijah R.
AU  - Bezzina, Connie R.
AU  - Napolitano, Carlo
AU  - Robyns, Tomas
AU  - Probst, Vincent
AU  - Schulze-Bahr, Eric
AU  - Remme, Carol Ann
AU  - Wilde, Arthur A. M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Ever since the first case was reported at the end of 2019, the SARS-COV-2 virus and associated lung disease COVID-19 has spread throughout the world and has become a pandemic. In particular, the high transmission rate of the virus has made it a threat to public health globally. Currently, there is no proven effective therapy against the virus, and the impact on other diseases is also uncertain, especially inherited arrhythmia syndrome. Arrhythmogenic effect of COVID-19 can be expected, potentially contributing to disease outcome. This may be of importance for patients with an increased risk for cardiac arrhythmias, either secondary to acquired conditions or co-morbidities or consequent to inherited syndromes. Management of patients with inherited arrhythmia syndromes such as Long QT syndrome, Brugada syndrome, Short QT syndrome and Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia in the setting of the COVID-19 pandemic may prove particularly challenging. Depending on the inherited defect involved, these patients may be susceptible to pro-arrhythmic effects of COVID-19-related issues such as fever, stress, electrolyte disturbances and use of antiviral drugs. We here describe the potential COVID-19 associated risks and therapeutic considerations for patients with distinct inherited arrhythmia syndromes and provide recommendations, pending local possibilities, for their monitoring and management during this pandemic.
JO  - Heart Rhythm
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32244059
DO  - 10.1016/j.hrthm.2020.03.024
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A rapid fatal evolution of Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) in an advanced lung cancer patient with a long time response to nivolumab
AU  - Bonomi, Lucia
AU  - Ghilardi, Laura
AU  - Arnoldi, Ermenegildo
AU  - Tondini, Carlo Alberto
AU  - Bettini, Anna Cecilia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Thorac Oncol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32243919
DO  - 10.1016/j.jtho.2020.03.021
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - (18)F-FDG uptake in Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) patient, referred to PET/CT for Non-Small Cells Lung Cancer restaging
AU  - Polverari, Giulia
AU  - Arena, Vincenzo
AU  - Ceci, Francesco
AU  - Pelosi, Ettore
AU  - Ianniello, Annarita
AU  - Poli, Elana
AU  - Sandri, Alberto
AU  - Penna, Daniele
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Thorac Oncol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32243920
DO  - 10.1016/j.jtho.2020.03.022
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A pandemic in times of global tourism: superspreading and exportation of COVID-19 cases from a ski area in Austria
AU  - Correa-Martinez, Carlos L.
AU  - Kampmeier, Stefanie
AU  - Kumpers, Philipp
AU  - Schwierzeck, Vera
AU  - Hennies, Marc
AU  - Hafezi, Wali
AU  - Kuhn, Joachim
AU  - Pavenstadt, Hermann
AU  - Ludwig, Stephan
AU  - Mellmann, Alexander
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - On January 7, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced a novel coronavirus to be the cause of unclear pneumonia cases in China.....
JO  - J Clin Microbiol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32245833
DO  - 10.1128/JCM.00588-20
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Viewpoint From Paris on the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Necessary Turn to Telepsychiatry
AU  - Corruble, Emmanuelle
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Clin Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32237302
DO  - 10.4088/JCP.20com13361
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Diary From a Psychiatry Department in Italy
AU  - Fagiolini, Andrea
AU  - Cuomo, Alessandro
AU  - Frank, Ellen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Clin Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32237301
DO  - 10.4088/JCP.20com13357
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 From a Psychiatry Perspective: Meeting the Challenges
AU  - Freeman, Marlene P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Clin Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32237300
DO  - 10.4088/JCP.20ed13358
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Beyond the assistance: additional exposure situations to COVID-19 for healthcare workers
AU  - Belingheri, M.
AU  - Paladino, M. E.
AU  - Riva, M. A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Hosp Infect
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32243947
DO  - 10.1016/j.jhin.2020.03.033
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Active Surveillance for Suspected COVID-19 Cases in Inpatients with Information Technology
AU  - Lin, Chun-Yu
AU  - Cheng, Chih-Hung
AU  - Lu, Po-Liang
AU  - Shih, Deng-Chiung
AU  - Hung, Ching-Tzu
AU  - Lo, Hsin-Hui
AU  - Tsai, Ming-Ju
AU  - Hung, Jen-Yu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Hosp Infect
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32243950
DO  - 10.1016/j.jhin.2020.03.027
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Ark of Life and HopeRole of Cabin Hospital in Facing COVID-19
AU  - Shu, Lei
AU  - Ji, Ningfei
AU  - Chen, Xiaolin
AU  - Feng, Ganzhu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Hosp Infect
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32243949
DO  - 10.1016/j.jhin.2020.03.032
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The novel zoonotic COVID-19 pandemic: An expected global health concern
AU  - Contini, Carlo
AU  - Di Nuzzo, Mariachiara
AU  - Barp, Nicole
AU  - Bonazza, Aurora
AU  - De Giorgio, Roberto
AU  - Tognon, Mauro
AU  - Rubino, Salvatore
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 18 years ago, in 2002, the world was astonished by the appearance of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), supported by a zoonotic coronavirus, called SARS-CoV, from the Guangdong Province of southern China. After about 10 years, in 2012, another similar coronavirus triggered the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV) in Saudi Arabia. Both caused severe pneumonia killing 774 and 858 people with 8700 cases of confirmed infection for the former, and 2494 for the latter, causing significant economic losses. 8 years later, despite the MERS outbreak remaining in certain parts of the world, at the end of 2019, a new zoonotic coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) and responsible of coronavirus Disease (COVID-19), arose from Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. It spread rapidly and to date has killed 3,242 persons with more than 81,000 cases of infection in China and causing over 126,000 global cases and 5,414 deaths in 166 other countries around the world, especially Italy. SARS-CoV-2 would seem to have come from a bat, but the intermediate reservoir continues to be unknown. Nonetheless, as for SARS-CoV and MERS CoV, the Spillover effect linked to animal-human promiscuity, human activities including deforestation, illegal bush-trafficking and bushmeat, cannot be excluded. Recently, however, evidence of inter-human only transmission of SARS-CoV-2 has been accumulated and thus, the outbreak seems to be spreading by human-to-human transmission throughout a large part of the world. Herein we will provide with an update on the main features of COVID-19 and suggest possible solutions how to halt the expansion of this novel pandemic.
JO  - J Infect Dev Ctries
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32235085
DO  - 10.3855/jidc.12671
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Spatial-temporal distribution of COVID-19 in China and its prediction: A data-driven modeling analysis
AU  - Huang, Rui
AU  - Liu, Miao
AU  - Ding, Yongmei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Currently, the outbreak of COVID-19 is rapidly spreading especially in Wuhan city, and threatens 14 million people in central China. In the present study we applied the Moran index, a strong statistical tool, to the spatial panel to show that COVID-19 infection is spatially dependent and mainly spread from Hubei Province in Central China to neighbouring areas. Logistic model was employed according to the trend of available data, which shows the difference between Hubei Province and outside of it. We also calculated the reproduction number R0 for the range of [2.23, 2.51] via SEIR model. The measures to reduce or prevent the virus spread should be implemented, and we expect our data-driven modeling analysis providing some insights to identify and prepare for the future virus control.
JO  - J Infect Dev Ctries
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32235084
DO  - 10.3855/jidc.12585
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Global outbreak of 2019-nCoV, a new challenge?
AU  - Musa, Taha Hussein
AU  - Ahmad, Tauseef
AU  - Khan, Muhammad
AU  - Haroon, Haroon
AU  - Wei, Pingmin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Infect Dev Ctries
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32235083
DO  - 10.3855/jidc.12530
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - As COVID-19 cases, deaths and fatality rates surge in Italy, underlying causes require investigation
AU  - Rubino, Salvatore
AU  - Kelvin, Nikki
AU  - Bermejo-Martin, Jesus F.
AU  - Kelvin, David
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 case fatalities surged during the month of March 2020 in Italy, reaching over 10,000 by 28 March 2020. This number exceeds the number of fatalities in China (3,301) recorded from January to March, even though the number of diagnosed cases was similar (85,000 Italy vs. 80,000 China). Case Fatality Rates (CFR) could be somewhat unreliable because the estimation of total case numbers is limited by several factors, including insufficient testing and limitations in test kits and materials, such as NP swabs and PPE for testers. Sero prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies may help in more accurate estimations of the total number of cases. Nevertheless, the disparity in the differences in the total number of fatalities between Italy and China suggests investigation into several factors, such as demographics, sociological interactions, availability of medical equipment (ICU beds and PPE), variants in immune proteins (e.g., HLA, IFNs), past immunity to related CoVs, and mutations in SARS-CoV-2, could impact survival of severe COVID-19 illness survival and the number of case fatalities.
JO  - J Infect Dev Ctries
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32235086
DO  - 10.3855/jidc.12734
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Effect of delay in diagnosis on transmission of COVID-19
AU  - Rong, Xin Miao
AU  - Yang, Liu
AU  - Chu, Hui di
AU  - Fan, Meng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 in Wuhan and other cities of China is a growing global concern. Delay in diagnosis and limited hospital resources lead to a rapid spread of COVID-19. In this study, we investigate the effect of delay in diagnosis on the disease transmission with a new formulated dynamic model. Sensitivity analyses and numerical simulations reveal that, improving the proportion of timely diagnosis and shortening the waiting time for diagnosis can not eliminate COVID-19 but can effectively decrease the basic reproduction number, significantly reduce the transmission risk, and effectively prevent the endemic of COVID-19, e.g., shorten the peak time and reduce the peak value of new confirmed cases and new infection, decrease the cumulative number of confirmed cases and total infection. More rigorous prevention measures and better treatment of patients are needed to control its further spread, e.g., increasing available hospital beds, shortening the period from symptom onset to isolation of patients, quarantining and isolating the suspected cases as well as all confirmed patients.
JO  - Math Biosci Eng
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32233563
DO  - 10.3934/mbe.2020149
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A mathematical model for the novel coronavirus epidemic in Wuhan, China
AU  - Yang, Cha Yu
AU  - Wang, Jin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We propose a mathematical model to investigate the current outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China. Our model describes the multiple transmission pathways in the infection dynamics, and emphasizes the role of the environmental reservoir in the transmission and spread of this disease. Our model also employs non-constant transmission rates which change with the epidemiological status and environmental conditions and which reflect the impact of the on-going disease control measures. We conduct a detailed analysis of this model, and demonstrate its application using publicly reported data. Among other findings, our analytical and numerical results indicate that the coronavirus infection would remain endemic, which necessitates long-term disease prevention and intervention programs.
JO  - Math Biosci Eng
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32233562
DO  - 10.3934/mbe.2020148
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 information propagation dynamics in the Chinese Sina-microblog
AU  - Yin, Fu Lian
AU  - Lv, Jia Hui
AU  - Zhang, Xiao Jian
AU  - Xia, Xin Yu
AU  - Wu, Jian Hong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of a novel coronavirus (COVID-19) generated an outbreak of public opinions in the Chinese Sina-microblog. To help in designing effective communication strategies during a major public health emergency, we propose a multiple-information susceptible-discussing-immune (M-SDI) model in order to understand the patterns of key information propagation on social networks. We develop the M-SDI model, based on the public discussion quantity and take into account of the behavior that users may re-enter another related topic or Weibo after discussing one. Data fitting using the real data of COVID-19 public opinion obtained from Chinese Sina-microblog can parameterize the model to make accurate prediction of the public opinion trend until the next major news item occurs. The reproduction ratio has fallen from 1.7769 and maintained around 0.97, which reflects the peak of public opinion has passed but it will continue for a period of time.
JO  - Math Biosci Eng
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32233560
DO  - 10.3934/mbe.2020146
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Effects of media reporting on mitigating spread of COVID-19 in the early phase of the outbreak
AU  - Zhou, Wei Ke
AU  - Wang, Ai Li
AU  - Xia, Fan
AU  - Xiao, Yan Ni
AU  - Tang, San Yi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is running rampantly in China and is swiftly spreading to other countries in the world, which causes a great concern on the global public health. The absence of specific therapeutic treatment or effective vaccine against COVID-19 call for other avenues of the prevention and control measures. Media reporting is thought to be effective to curb the spreading of an emergency disease in the early stage. Cross-correlation analysis based on our collected data demonstrated a strong correlation between media data and the infection case data. Thus we proposed a deterministic dynamical model to examine the interaction of the disease progression and the media reports and to investigate the effectiveness of media reporting on mitigating the spread of COVID-19. The basic reproduction number was estimated as 5.3167 through parameterization of the model with the number of cumulative confirmed cases, the number of cumulative deaths and the daily number of media items. Sensitivity analysis suggested that, during the early phase of the COVID-19 outbreak, enhancing the response rate of the media reporting to the severity of COVID-19, and enhancing the response rate of the public awareness to the media reports, both can bring forward the peak time and reduce the peak size of the infection significantly. These findings suggested that besides improving the medical levels, media coverage can be considered as an effective way to mitigate the disease spreading during the initial stage of an outbreak.
JO  - Math Biosci Eng
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32233561
DO  - 10.3934/mbe.2020147
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Respiratory physiotherapy in patients with COVID-19 infection in acute setting: a Position Paper of the Italian Association of Respiratory Physiotherapists (ARIR)
AU  - Lazzeri, Marta
AU  - Lanza, Andrea
AU  - Bellini, Raffaella
AU  - Bellofiore, Angela
AU  - Cecchetto, Simone
AU  - Colombo, Alessia
AU  - D'Abrosca, Francesco
AU  - Del Monaco, Cesare
AU  - Gaudiello, Giuseppe
AU  - Paneroni, Mara
AU  - Privitera, Emilia
AU  - Retucci, Mariangela
AU  - Rossi, Veronica
AU  - Santambrogio, Martina
AU  - Sommariva, Maurizio
AU  - Frigerio, Pamela
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Respiratory physiotherapy in patients with COVID-19 infection in acute setting: a Position Paper of the Italian Association of Respiratory Physiotherapists (ARIR) On February 2020, Italy, especially the northern regions, was hit by an epidemic of the new SARS-Cov-2 coronavirus that spread from China between December 2019 and January 2020. The entire healthcare system had to respond promptly in a very short time to an exponential growth of the number of subjects affected by COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019) with the need of semi-intensive and intensive care units.
JO  - Monaldi Arch Chest Dis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32236089
DO  - 10.4081/monaldi.2020.1285
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in Africa
AU  - Payne, Charlotte
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nat Hum Behav
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32246105
DO  - 10.1038/s41562-020-0870-5
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Research in Brief: 28 March to 3 April, 2020
AU  - Carvalho, Thiago
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nat Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32246113
DO  - 10.1038/d41591-020-00008-y
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Controversies of renin-angiotensin system inhibition during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - South, Andrew M.
AU  - Tomlinson, Laurie
AU  - Edmonston, Daniel
AU  - Hiremath, Swapnil
AU  - Sparks, Matthew A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nat Rev Nephrol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32246101
DO  - 10.1038/s41581-020-0279-4
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mentoring during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Gotian, Ruth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32246119
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-01028-x
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 pneumonia: what is the role of imaging in diagnosis?
AU  - Araujo-Filho, Jose de Arimateia Batista
AU  - Sawamura, Marcio Valente Yamada
AU  - Costa, Andre Nathan
AU  - Cerri, Giovanni Guido
AU  - Nomura, Cesar Higa
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Bras Pneumol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32236303
DO  - 10.36416/1806-3756/e20200114
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Gastrointestinal and Liver Manifestations in Patients with COVID-19
AU  - Lee, I. Cheng
AU  - Huo, Teh-Ia
AU  - Huang, Yi-Hsiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has rapidly spread over the world, the World Health Organization has declared the outbreak of COVID-19 an international public health emergency. Besides typical respiratory symptoms and signs of COVID-19, digestive symptoms and liver injury have been frequently reported during the course of the disease. In this review, we summarized the recent studies reporting of gastrointestinal and liver manifestations during the course of COVID-19. Digestive symptoms, including anorexia, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea, are not uncommon in patients with COVID-19, and in some cases digestive symptoms may occur in the absence of any respiratory symptoms. Furthermore, SARS-CoV-2 could be detected in the stool of infected patients, implicating the possibility of fecal-oral transmission. Attention should also be paid to monitor liver function during the course of COVID-19, especially in patients with higher disease severity.
JO  - J Chin Med Assoc
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32243269
DO  - 10.1097/JCMA.0000000000000319
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Potential therapeutic agents against COVID-19: What we know so far
AU  - Lu, Chih-Chia
AU  - Chen, Mei-Yu
AU  - Chang, Yuh-Lih
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The emerging outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues to spread all over the world. Agents or vaccines of proven efficacy to treat or prevent human coronavirus infection are in urgent need and are being investigated vigorously worldwide. This review summarizes the current evidence of potential therapeutic agents, such as lopinavir/ritonavir, remdesivir, favipiravir, chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, interferon, ribavirin, tocilizumab and sarilumab. More clinical trials are being conducted for further confirmation of the efficacy and safety of these agents in treating COVID-19.
JO  - J Chin Med Assoc
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32243270
DO  - 10.1097/JCMA.0000000000000318
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The COVID-19 pandemic and research shutdown: staying safe and productive
AU  - Omary, M. Bishr
AU  - Eswaraka, Jeetendra R.
AU  - Kimball, S. David
AU  - Moghe, Prabhas V.
AU  - Panettieri, Reynold A., Jr.
AU  - Scotto, Kathleen W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has caused severe disease outcomes and widespread infections not seen in terms of its case fatality rate and global economic impact since the 1918-1919 Spanish flu; the latter leading to 675,000 deaths in the United States (US) (50 million worldwide).
JO  - J Clin Invest
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32243259
DO  - 10.1172/JCI138646
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Peer-to-Peer Contact Tracing: A Privacy-Preserving Smartphone Application
AU  - Yasaka, Tyler M.
AU  - Lehrich, Brandon M.
AU  - Sahyouni, Ronald
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is an urgent public health crisis, with epidemiologic models predicting severe consequences, including high death rates, if the virus is permitted to run its course without any intervention or response. Contact tracing using smartphone technology is a powerful tool which may be employed to limit disease transmission during an epidemic or pandemic, yet contact tracing applications present with significant privacy concerns regarding the collection of personal data such as location. OBJECTIVE: To provide an effective contact tracing smartphone application that respects user privacy by not collecting location information or other personal data. METHODS: We propose the use of an anonymized graph of interpersonal interactions to conduct a novel form of contact tracing, and develop a proof-of-concept smartphone application which implements this approach. Additionally, we develop a computer simulation model which demonstrates the impact of our proposal on epidemic or pandemic outbreak trajectories across multiple rates of adoption. RESULTS: Our proof-of-concept smartphone application allows users to create "checkpoints" for contact tracing, check their risk level based on their past interactions, and anonymously self-report a positive status to their peer network. Our simulation results suggest that higher adoption rates of such an application may result in a better controlled epidemic or pandemic outbreak. CONCLUSIONS: Our proposed smartphone-based contact tracing method presents a novel solution which preserves privacy while demonstrating the potential to suppress an epidemic or pandemic outbreak. This application could potentially be applied to the current COVID-19 pandemic as well as other epidemics or pandemics in the future, in order to achieve a middle ground between drastic isolation measures and unmitigated disease spread.
JO  - JMIR Public Health Surveill
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32240973
DO  - 10.2196/18936
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Expert opinion of the Working Group on Echocardiography of the Polish Cardiac Society on performing echocardiographic examinations during COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Gackowski, Andrzej
AU  - Lipczynska, Magdalena
AU  - Lipiec, Piotr
AU  - Szymanski, Piotr
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiographic examinations may be required in COVID-19 patients, resulting in direct contact with the patient and a risk of infection transmission from patients to personnel. Therefore, we recommend to perform problem-oriented, time-limited transthoracic studies. Whenever possible studies should be analyzed off-line outside isolation zones. Transesophageal echocardiography is considered an aerosol-generating procedure and should be performed only in lifesaving indications. Personnel should use appropriate personal protection equipment in the immediate vicinity of the patients, according to the relevant guidelines. Polish version of this document can be found in the "Supplementary data" tab.
JO  - Kardiol Pol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32241097
DO  - 10.33963/KP.15265
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Essential care of critical illness must not be forgotten in the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Baker, Tim
AU  - Schell, Carl Otto
AU  - Petersen, Dan Brun
AU  - Sawe, Hendry
AU  - Khalid, Karima
AU  - Mndolo, Samson
AU  - Rylance, Jamie
AU  - McAuley, Daniel F.
AU  - Roy, Nobhojit
AU  - Marshall, John
AU  - Wallis, Lee
AU  - Molyneux, Elizabeth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32246914
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30793-5
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - On being a neurologist in Italy at the time of the COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Bersano, Anna
AU  - Pantoni, Leonardo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Italy is facing its fifth week of crisis due to the COVID-19 outbreak, with affected patients and deaths near to 70.000 and 6000 respectively [1], numbers that are increasing every day. Whether government imposition of quarantines, travel bans and lockdown throughout the country will have effect in the next weeks in limiting the spreading of this disease has still to be seen. Meanwhile, a great spirit of sacrifice is required to health care personnel and authorities have to manage resource allocation to rapidly increase the number of intensive care beds to assist COVID-19 patients [2]. Although operating rooms and a number of wards have been turned into dedicated intensive units, beds and resources are hardly sufficient to satisfy the needs of so many simultaneously critically ill patients [3,4]. Notably, among infected people about 10% are health workers and their number is increasing, also due to the scarcity of efficacious protective measures.
JO  - Neurology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32245844
DO  - 10.1212/WNL.0000000000009508
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 'Dental Hierarchy of Needs' in the COVID-19 Era - or Why Treat When It Doesn't Hurt?
AU  - Berlin-Broner, Yuli
AU  - Levin, Liran
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Oral Health Prev Dent
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32238979
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 outbreak and its monetary implications for dental practices, hospitals and healthcare workers
AU  - Farooq, Imran
AU  - Ali, Saqib
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel COVID-19 came under limelight few months back (December 2019) and has recently been declared a pandemic by WHO. It has resulted in serious financial implications being faced by dental practices, hospitals and healthcare workers. Dental practice currently is restricted to provision of emergency dental care whereas, many hospitals have also cancelled elective procedures to save finances for COVID-19 treatment which is expensive and unpredictable. In addition, healthcare workers are also facing financial challenges in this difficult time. Competent authorities should step in to help dental practices, hospitals and healthcare workers in order to ensure the provision of all types of healthcare efficiently in these testing times and beyond.
JO  - Postgrad Med J
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32245754
DO  - 10.1136/postgradmedj-2020-137781
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and non-communicable diseases
AU  - Pal, Rimesh
AU  - Bhadada, Sanjay K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Postgrad Med J
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32234837
DO  - 10.1136/postgradmedj-2020-137742
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Projecting hospital utilization during the COVID-19 outbreaks in the United States
AU  - Moghadas, Seyed M.
AU  - Shoukat, Affan
AU  - Fitzpatrick, Meagan C.
AU  - Wells, Chad R.
AU  - Sah, Pratha
AU  - Pandey, Abhishek
AU  - Sachs, Jeffrey D.
AU  - Wang, Zheng
AU  - Meyers, Lauren A.
AU  - Singer, Burton H.
AU  - Galvani, Alison P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In the wake of community coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) transmission in the United States, there is a growing public health concern regarding the adequacy of resources to treat infected cases. Hospital beds, intensive care units (ICUs), and ventilators are vital for the treatment of patients with severe illness. To project the timing of the outbreak peak and the number of ICU beds required at peak, we simulated a COVID-19 outbreak parameterized with the US population demographics. In scenario analyses, we varied the delay from symptom onset to self-isolation, the proportion of symptomatic individuals practicing self-isolation, and the basic reproduction number R 0 Without self-isolation, when R 0 = 2.5, treatment of critically ill individuals at the outbreak peak would require 3.8 times more ICU beds than exist in the United States. Self-isolation by 20% of cases 24 h after symptom onset would delay and flatten the outbreak trajectory, reducing the number of ICU beds needed at the peak by 48.4% (interquartile range 46.4-50.3%), although still exceeding existing capacity. When R 0 = 2, twice as many ICU beds would be required at the peak of outbreak in the absence of self-isolation. In this scenario, the proportional impact of self-isolation within 24 h on reducing the peak number of ICU beds is substantially higher at 73.5% (interquartile range 71.4-75.3%). Our estimates underscore the inadequacy of critical care capacity to handle the burgeoning outbreak. Policies that encourage self-isolation, such as paid sick leave, may delay the epidemic peak, giving a window of time that could facilitate emergency mobilization to expand hospital capacity.
JO  - Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32245814
DO  - 10.1073/pnas.2004064117
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chest CT Features of COVID-19 in Rome, Italy
AU  - Caruso, Damiano
AU  - Zerunian, Marta
AU  - Polici, Michela
AU  - Pucciarelli, Francesco
AU  - Polidori, Tiziano
AU  - Rucci, Carlotta
AU  - Guido, Gisella
AU  - Bracci, Benedetta
AU  - de Dominicis, Chiara
AU  - Laghi, Andrea
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background The standard for diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 virus is reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test, but chest CT may play a complimentary role in the early detection of COVID-19 pneumonia. Purpose To investigate CT features of patients with COVID-19 in Rome, Italy, and to compare the accuracy of CT with RT-PCR. Methods In this prospective study from March 4, 2020, until March 19, 2020, consecutive patients with suspected COVID-19 infection and respiratory symptoms were enrolled. Exclusion criteria were: chest CT with contrast medium performed for vascular indications, patients who refused chest CT or hospitalization, and severe CT motion artifact. All patients underwent RT-PCR and chest CT. Diagnostic performance of CT was calculated using RT-PCR as reference. Chest CT features were calculated in a subgroup of RT-PCR-positive and CT-positive patients. CT features of hospitalized patients and patient in home isolation were compared by using Pearson chi squared test. Results Our study population comprised 158 consecutive study participants (83 male and 75 female, mean age 57 y +/-17). Fever was observed in 97/158 (61%), cough in 88/158 (56%), dyspnea in 52/158 (33%), lymphocytopenia in 95/158 (60%), increased C-reactive protein level in 139/158 (88%), and elevated lactate dehydrogenase in 128/158 (81%) study participants. Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of CT were 97% (60/62)[95% IC, 88-99%], 56% (54/96)[95% IC,45-66%] and 72% (114/158)[95% IC 64-78%], respectively. In the subgroup of RT-PCR-positive and CT-positive patients, ground-glass opacities (GGO) were present in 58/58 (100%), multilobe and posterior involvement were both present in 54/58 (93%), bilateral pneumonia in 53/58 (91%), and subsegmental vessel enlargement (> 3 mm) in 52/58 (89%) of study participants. Conclusion The typical pattern of COVID-19 pneumonia in Rome, Italy, was peripherally ground-glass opacities with multilobe and posterior involvement, bilateral distribution, and subsegmental vessel enlargement (> 3 mm). Chest CT sensitivity was high (97%) but with lower specificity (56%).
JO  - Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32243238
DO  - 10.1148/radiol.2020201237
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Regarding "Artificial Intelligence Distinguishes COVID-19 from Community Acquired Pneumonia on Chest CT"
AU  - Dadario, Andrew Maranhao Ventura
AU  - Paiva, Joselisa Peres Queiroz
AU  - Chate, Rodrigo Caruso
AU  - Machado, Birajara Soares
AU  - Szarf, Gilberto
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32243239
DO  - 10.1148/radiol.2020201178
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The impact of Coronavirus (COVID-19) on head and neck cancer patients' care
AU  - De Felice, Francesca
AU  - Polimeni, Antonella
AU  - Valentini, Vincenzo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Radiother Oncol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32247204
DO  - 10.1016/j.radonc.2020.03.020
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Regional anesthesia in patients with suspected COVID-19 infection
AU  - Altiparmak, Basak
AU  - Korkmaz Toker, Melike
AU  - Uysal, Ali Ihsan
AU  - Gumus Demi Rbi Lek, Semra
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Reg Anesth Pain Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32245840
DO  - 10.1136/rapm-2020-101477
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 outbreak: How can pharmacists help?
AU  - Al-Quteimat, Osama M. MSc Bcop
AU  - Amer, Amer Mustafa R. Ph MSc
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronaviruses (CoVs) are a large family of viruses that cause disorders ranging from a mild cold to severe disease. Some of the CoVs are zoonotic, meaning they can be transmitted from animals to humans. In December 2019, the world awoke to a new zoonotic strain of CoV that was named SARS-CoV-2 (standing for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2), which has been classified as a high-consequence infectious disease. In addition, serious complications related to COVID-19 have been reported in some patients. These include acute respiratory distress syndrome, acute renal failure, septic shock and ventilator-associated pneumonia. The pharmacist, as a healthcare practitioner, can play an important role in hindering the spread of COVID-19, and can be an active participant in national and community efforts to fight and contain this outbreak.
JO  - Res Social Adm Pharm
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32241695
DO  - 10.1016/j.sapharm.2020.03.018
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus 2020
AU  - Belasco, Angelica Goncalves Silva
AU  - Fonseca, Cassiane Dezoti da
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Rev Bras Enferm
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32236301
DO  - 10.1590/0034-7167-2020730201
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The surgeons and the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Correia, M. Isabel T. D.
AU  - Ramos, Rodrigo Felippe
AU  - Bahten, Luiz Carlos Von
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The current world Covid-19 pandemic has been the most discussed topic in the media and scientific journals. Fear, uncertainty, and lack of knowledge about the disease may be the significant factors that justify such reality. It has been known that the disease presents with a rapidly spreading, it is significantly more severe among the elderly, and it has a substantial global socioeconomic impact. Besides the challenges associated with the unknown, there are other factors, such as the deluge of information. In this regard, the high number of scientific publications, encompassing in vitro, case studies, observational and randomized clinical studies, and even systematic reviews add up to the uncertainty. Such a situation is even worse when considering that most healthcare professionals lack adequate knowledge to critically appraise the scientific method, something that has been previously addressed by some authors. Therefore, it is of utmost importance that expert societies supported by data provided by the World Health Organization and the National Health Department take the lead in spreading trustworthy and reliable information. The Brazilian College of Surgeons suggests in this document various initiatives that may help surgeons, healthcare providers, and patients who will have to face a surgical event under the pandemic.
JO  - Rev Col Bras Cir
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32236295
DO  - 10.1590/0100-6991e-20202536
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coinfeccion entre dengue y COVID-19: Necesidad de abordaje en zonas endemicas
AU  - Saavedra-Velasco, Marcos
AU  - Chiara-Chilet, Christian
AU  - Pichardo-Rodriguez, Rafael
AU  - Grandez-Urbina, Antonio
AU  - Inga-Berrospi, Fiorella
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - El impacto que ha originado la enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) en diferentes partes del mundo, alcanza en la actualidad 597, 072 personas contagiadas y 27,364 fallecidas segun los ultimos reportes. En ese contexto, en nuestro pais, una zona de relevancia epidemiologica es la amazonia peruana, debido a la distribucion de enfermedades endemicas como las enfermedades metaxenicas (Dengue, Malaria entre otras), en donde el problema se incrementa debido a que la infeccion por COVID-19 puede llevar a falsos positivos en las pruebas de cribado para Dengue. Conllevando de esa forma a un retraso en el diagnostico de la infeccion por COVID-19 y una mayor diseminacion del virus, debido a que en la mayor parte de los casos de Dengue no se presentan signos de alarma y el tratamiento es ambulatorio. Este articulo busca emitir una opinion sobre la necesidad del abordaje de casos de coinfeccion entre Dengue y Covid-19 en zonas endemicas.
JO  - Rev Fac Cien Med Univ Nac Cordoba
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32238260
DO  - 10.31053/1853.0605.v77.n1.28031
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Outbreak investigation in cargo ship in times of COVID-19 crisis, Port of Santos, Brazil
AU  - Fernandes, Eder Gatti
AU  - Santos, Janice da Silva
AU  - Sato, Helena Keico
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In February 2020, a Chinese cargo ship docked at the Port of Santos with reports of crew members with a feverish and respiratory condition. A team was gathered to verify the existence of suspected cases of COVID-19 inside the vessel and define its clearance. All 25 crew members were interviewed, and no suspected cases were found. The vessel was then cleared for port activities. The investigation resulted from the implementation of the contingency plan to face a public health emergency of international importance and several surveillance entities cooperated.
JO  - Rev Saude Publica
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32236385
DO  - 10.11606/s1518-8787.2020054002461
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Primary care management of the coronavirus (COVID-19)
AU  - Mash, Bob
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - South Africa is in the grip of a novel coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19). Primary care providers are in the frontline. COVID-19 is spread primarily by respiratory droplets contaminating surfaces and hands that then transmit the virus to another person's respiratory system. The incubation period is 2-9 days and the majority of cases are mild. The most common symptoms are fever, cough and shortness of breath. Older people and those with cardiopulmonary co-morbidities or immunological deficiency will be more at risk of severe disease. If people meet the case definition, the primary care provider should immediately adopt infection prevention and control measures. Diagnosis is made by a RT-PCR test using respiratory secretions, usually nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs. Mild cases can be managed at home with self-isolation, symptomatic treatment and follow-up if the disease worsens. Contact tracing is very important. Observed case fatality is between 0.5% and 4%, but may be overestimated as mild cases are not always counted. Primary care providers must give clear, accurate and consistent messages on infection prevention and control in communities and homes.
JO  - S Afr Fam Pract (2004)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32242438
DO  - 10.4102/safp.v62i1.5115
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Emerging infections, the great challenge of global health: Covid-19]
AU  - Alpuche-Arand, Celia M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Salud Publica Mex
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32237554
DO  - 10.21149/11284
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Covid-19: the new pathology caused by a coronavirus]
AU  - Ramos, Celso
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In this special communication, a brief description is made of the main events of the new pathology (that WHO has named Covid-19) caused by coronavirus. The cases of Covid-19 occurred in mainland China and the rest of the world are mentioned. It is also emphasized the effort that China and other countries around the world are making to contain the epidemic. Also, it highlights the role that WHO and other international organizations are playing to prevent and control the epidemic.
JO  - Salud Publica Mex
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32237566
DO  - 10.21149/11276
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The brain, another potential target organ, needs early protection from SARS-CoV-2 neuroinvasion
AU  - Li, Zhengqian
AU  - Huang, Yuguang
AU  - Guo, Xiangyang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Sci China Life Sci
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32246403
DO  - 10.1007/s11427-020-1690-y
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Learning from our immunological history: What can SARS-CoV teach us about SARS-CoV-2?
AU  - Henrickson, Sarah E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Many strategies are being deployed to rapidly uncover targetable mechanisms of infection for SARS-CoV-2, and Hoffman et al exploit our understanding and immunological experience with SARS-CoV in our global race to understand, mitigate, and eventually prevent COVID-19.
JO  - Sci Immunol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32245885
DO  - 10.1126/sciimmunol.abb8618
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How we treat patients with lung cancer during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: primum non nocere
AU  - Banna, Giuseppe
AU  - Curioni-Fontecedro, Alessandra
AU  - Friedlaender, Alex
AU  - Addeo, Alfredo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - New cases of the novel coronavirus, also known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continue to rise worldwide. A few reports have showed that mortality due to SARS-CoV-2 is higher in elderly patients and other active comorbidities including cancer. To date, no effective treatment has been identified and management for critically ill patients relies on management in intensive care units. Patients with lung cancer are at risk of pulmonary complications from COVID-19. Furthermore, the use of chemotherapy might have a negative impact in patient's outcome. Therefore, the risk/benefit ratio of systemic anticancer treatment (SACT) has to be considered. For each patient, several factors including age and comorbidities, as well as the number of hospital visits for treatment, can influence this risk. Each hospital around the world has issued some internal policy guidelines for oncologists, aiming to limit risks during this difficult time. We hereby propose a tool to support oncologists and physicians in treatment decision for patients with lung cancer. There are several variables to consider, including the extent of the epidemic, the local healthcare structure capacity, the risk of infection to the individual, the status of cancer, patients' comorbidities, age and details of the treatment. Given this heterogeneity, we have based our suggestions bearing in mind some general factors There is not easy, universal solution to oncological care during this crisis and, to complicate matters, the duration of this pandemic is hard to predict. It is important to weigh the impact of each of our decisions in these trying times rather than rely on routine automatisms.
JO  - ESMO Open
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32245904
DO  - 10.1136/esmoopen-2020-000765
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Running a virtual allergy division and training program in the time of COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Codispoti, Christopher D.
AU  - Bandi, Sindhura
AU  - Moy, James
AU  - Mahdavinia, Mahboobeh
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Allergy Clin Immunol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32243877
DO  - 10.1016/j.jaci.2020.03.018
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Use of Systemic Immunomodulatory Therapies During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic
AU  - Shah, Payal
AU  - Zampella, John G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Am Acad Dermatol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32244021
DO  - 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.03.056
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Patients with advanced basal cell carcinomas in treatment with sonic hedgehog inhibitors during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) period: Management and adherence to treatment
AU  - Villani, Alessia
AU  - Fabbrocini, Gabriella
AU  - Costa, Claudia
AU  - Scalvenzi, Massimiliano
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Am Acad Dermatol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32244017
DO  - 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.03.057
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - C-reactive protein levels in the early stage of COVID-19
AU  - Ling, Wang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: COVID-19 is a new infectious disease, for which there is currently no treatment. It is therefore necessary to explore biomarkers to determine the extent of lung lesions and disease severity. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to assess the usefulness of CRP levels in the early stage of COVID-19 and to correlate them with lung lesions and severe presentation. METHODS: Confirmed cases of COVID-19 were selected at the Fever Unit in two regions of Guizhou, China. On admission CRP levels were collected, and the diameter of the largest lung lesion was measured in the most severe lung lesion by lung CT scan. Differences in the diameter and CRP levels were compared in the following groups of patients: mild group, moderate group, severe group, and critical group. RESULT: CRP levels and the diameter of the largest lung lesion in the moderate group were higher than those in the mild group (Mann-Whitney test = -2.647, -2.171, p<0.05), those in the severe group were higher than those in the moderate group (Mann-Whitney test = 0.693, -2.177, p<0.05), and those in the critical group were higher than those in the severe group (Mann-Whitney test = -0.068, -1.549, p<0.05). The difference was statistically significant. CRP levels were positively correlated with the diameter of lung lesion and severe presentation (correlation coefficient = 0.873, 0.734, p<0.001). CONCLUSION: In the early stage of COVID-19 CRP levels were positively correlated with lung lesions and could reflect disease severity.
JO  - Med Mal Infect
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32243911
DO  - 10.1016/j.medmal.2020.03.007
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pulmonary High-Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) Findings of Patients with Early-Stage Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Hangzhou, China
AU  - Gao, Lulu
AU  - Zhang, Jianjun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the imaging manifestations of early-stage coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and to provide imaging basis for early detection of suspected cases and stratified intervention. MATERIAL AND METHODS From 20 January 2020 to 2 February 2020, 6 patients diagnosed with COVID-19, including 1 male and 5 females, were retrospectively reviewed in Zhejiang Hospital. These cases were clinically assessed and classified as common COVID-19. All patients underwent thoracic high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) within 2 days after the onset of symptoms, and their images were viewed by 2 radiologists who were blind to their clinical records. RESULTS CT images of 6 confirmed patients were collected. Two of the 6 patients (33.3%) had bilateral lung involvements and 4 (66.7%) had single-lung involvement. Two cases (33.3%) had a single lesion, 2 cases (33.3%) had 2 lesions, and 2 cases (33.3%) had multiple lesions. There were 2 cases (33.3%) with focal subpleural distribution and 1 case (16.7%) along the bronchial vascular bundle. Five cases (83.3%) had ground-glass opacities, 4 cases (66.7%) had ground-glass nodules, 1 case (16.7%) had thickened lobular septum, 2 cases (33.3%) had thickened bronchial wall, 2 cases (33.3%) had halo sign,1 case (16.7%) had crazy-paving sign, and 1 case (16.7%) had tree-in-bud sign. CONCLUSIONS The imaging manifestations of early-stage COVID-19 are relatively mild, and the imaging findings of some patients are not typical, which can easily lead to missed diagnoses. Thus, suspected cases need to be closely monitored, and epidemiological history and clinical laboratory examination should also be considered during diagnosis.
JO  - Med Sci Monit
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32246819
DO  - 10.12659/MSM.923885
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Diabetes patients with COVID-19 need better blood glucose management in Wuhan, China
AU  - Zhou, Jun
AU  - Tan, Jie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Metabolism
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32220612
DO  - 10.1016/j.metabol.2020.154216
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Considerations on Colorectal Cancer Care in a COVID-19 Pandemic Epicenter
AU  - Gachabayov, Mahir
AU  - Dong, Xiang Da
AU  - Latifi, Rifat
AU  - Bergamaschi, Roberto
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Surg Technol Int
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32244258
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Comparison of two epidemic patterns of COVID-19 and evaluation of prevention and control effectiveness: an analysis based on Guangzhou and Wenzhou]
AU  - He, G. H.
AU  - Rong, Z. H.
AU  - Hu, J. X.
AU  - Liu, T.
AU  - Xiao, J. P.
AU  - Guo, L. C.
AU  - Zeng, W. L.
AU  - Zhu, Z. H.
AU  - Gong, D. X.
AU  - Yin, L. H.
AU  - Wan, D. H.
AU  - Wu, J. L.
AU  - Kang, M.
AU  - Song, T.
AU  - He, J. F.
AU  - Ma, W. J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To compare the epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 in Guangzhou and Wenzhou, and evaluate the effectiveness of their prevention and control measures. Methods: Data of COVID-19 cases reported in Guangzhou and Wenzhou as of 29 February, 2020 were collected. The incidence curves of COVID-19 in two cities were constructed. The real time reproduction number (R(t)) of COVID-19 in two cities was calculated respectively. Results: A total of 346 and 465 confirmed COVID-19 cases were analysed in Guangzhou and Wenzhou, respectively. In two cities, most cases were aged 30-59 years (Guangzhou: 54.9%; Wenzhou: 70.3%). The incidence curve peaked on 27 January, 2020 in Guangzhou and on 26 January, 2020 in Wenzhou, then began to decline in both cities. The peaks of imported COVID-19 cases from Hubei occurred earlier than the peak of COVID-19 incidences in two cities, and the peak of imported cases from Hubei occurred earlier in Wenzhou than in Guangzhou. In early epidemic phase, imported cases were predominant in both cities, then the number of local cases increased and gradually took the dominance in Wenzhou. In Guangzhou, the imported cases was still predominant. Despite the different epidemic pattern, the R(t) and the number of COVID-19 cases declined after strict prevention and control measures were taken in Guangzhou and in Wenzhou. Conclusion: The time and scale specific differences of imported COVID-19 resulted in different epidemic patterns in two cities, but the spread of the disease were effectively controlled after taking strict prevention and control measures.
JO  - Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32244261
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200303-00242
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Investigation of an epidemic cluster caused by COVID rectangle19 cases in incubation period in Shanghai]
AU  - Xiao, W. J.
AU  - Gao, Q.
AU  - Jin, K.
AU  - Gong, X. H.
AU  - Han, R. B.
AU  - Jiang, C. Y.
AU  - Jiang, X. J.
AU  - Jin, B. H.
AU  - Fang, Q. W.
AU  - Pan, H.
AU  - Wu, H. Y.
AU  - Sun, X. D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of a cluster of 5 confirmed COVID rectangle19 cases related with the transmission in incubation period of initial case, and find out the infection source and transmission chain.. Methods: According to "The Prevention and Control Protocol for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Third Edition)" issued by the National Health Commission, a field epidemiological survey was conducted for the 5 cases in January 2020. Nasopharyngeal swabs and sputum samples were collected from them for the detection of 2019-nCoV by real time RT-PCR. Multi prevention and control measures were taken, such as tracking and screening close contacts, medical isolation observation, investigating the epidemiological link, analyzing transmission chain. Results: Case 1, who had common environmental exposure with other COVID rectangle19 cases, got sick on 20 January, 2020 and was confirmed on 1 February. Case 2 became symptomatic on 22 January and was confirmed on 27 January. Case 3 got sick on 25 January and was confirmed on 30 January. Case 4 had illness onset on 20 January and was confirmed on 1 February. Case 5 got sick on 23 January and was confirmed on 31 January. Among the 5 cases, case 2 died and the illness of other cases were effectively controlled. After exclusion of other common exposure factors, case 1 had a 6-hour meeting with case 2 and case 3 on 19 January. Case 2 and case 3 might be infected by case 1 during the incubation period. It is the key point for epidemiological investigation. Conclusion: The epidemiological investigation indicates that the transmission might occur in the incubation period of COVID-19 case, close attention should be paid to it in future COVID-19 prevention and control.
JO  - Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32234128
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200302-00236
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 in Shaanxi province]
AU  - Zhu, N.
AU  - Li, C.
AU  - Ning, S. S.
AU  - Chen, S.
AU  - Cao, L.
AU  - Yang, G. J.
AU  - Li, X. X.
AU  - Nian, Y. P.
AU  - Wang, W. H.
AU  - Liu, Y. Z.
AU  - Wang, L.
AU  - Lei, F. L.
AU  - Zhang, Y.
AU  - Zhuang, G. H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To understand the incidence trend and epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 in Shaanxi province. Methods: The incidence data of COVID-19 reported in Shaanxi as of 22 February, 2020 were collected for an epidemiological descriptive analysis. Results: A total of 245 confirmed cases of COVID-19 were reported in Shaanxi. Most cases were mild (87.76%). As time passed, the areas where confirmed cases were reported continued to increase. The case number in Xi'an was highest, accounting for nearly half of the total reported cases in the province. The epidemic pattern in Shaanxi had gradually shifted from imported case pattern to local case pattern, and the transmission of local cases was mainly based on family cluster transmission. The confirmed cases from different sources had caused the secondary transmission in Shaanxi. After February 7, the number of reported cases began to fluctuate and decrease stably, indicating a decrease-to-zero period. Conclusions: At present, the overall epidemic of COVID-19 in Shaanxi has gradually been mitigated. However, considering the approaching of return to work and study and the increasing of imported cases from other countries, the prevention and control of COVIS-19 in Shaanxi will face new challenges.
JO  - Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32244260
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200225-00172
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Expert consensus on principal of clinical management of patients with severe emergent cardiovascular diseases during the epidemic period of COVID-19]
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32234175
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20200210-00066
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [First case of neonatal infection due to SARS-CoV-2 in Spain]
AU  - Alonso Diaz, Clara
AU  - Lopez Maestro, Maria
AU  - Moral Pumarega, Maria Teresa
AU  - Flores Anton, Beatriz
AU  - Pallas Alonso, Carmen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - An Pediatr (Barc)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32245738
DO  - 10.1016/j.anpedi.2020.03.002
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Epidemiological update on SARS-CoV-2 infection in Spain. Comments on the management of infection in pediatrics]
AU  - Calvo, Cristina
AU  - Tagarro, Alfredo
AU  - Otheo, Enrique
AU  - Epalza, Cristina
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - An Pediatr (Barc)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32241653
DO  - 10.1016/j.anpedi.2020.03.001
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in children and altered inflammatory responses
AU  - Molloy, Eleanor J.
AU  - Bearer, Cynthia F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Pediatr Res
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32244248
DO  - 10.1038/s41390-020-0881-y
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - D-dimer is Associated with Severity of Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Pooled Analysis
AU  - Lippi, Giuseppe
AU  - Favaloro, Emmanuel J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Thromb Haemost
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32246450
DO  - 10.1055/s-0040-1709650
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: One world, one health
AU  - Jorgensen, Hannah Joan
AU  - Neves, Carlos das
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32238956
DO  - 10.4045/tidsskr.20.0212
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cytokine storms in COVID-19 cases?
AU  - Tveito, Kari
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32238976
DO  - 10.4045/tidsskr.20.0239
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Looking out for yourself and those around you
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The coronavirus outbreak is having a profound impact on society, including the veterinary industry. As we meet the challenges the outbreak poses, Rosie Allister, Vetlife Helpline Manager, reminds us to look after ourselves and those around us.
JO  - Vet Rec
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32245876
DO  - 10.1136/vr.m1357
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19 crisis forces CVS to cut services
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Vet Rec
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32245855
DO  - 10.1136/vr.m1343
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Possible treatment of Covid-19 with a therapeutic vaccine
AU  - Myint, Aung
AU  - Jones, Trevor
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Vet Rec
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32245869
DO  - 10.1136/vr.m1302
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coping with Covid-19
AU  - Pearson, Caroline
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Vet Rec
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32245874
DO  - 10.1136/vr.m1355
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in the Nuclear Medicine Department, be prepared for ventilation scans as well!
AU  - Zuckier, Lionel S.
AU  - Gordon, Sharon R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nuclear Medicine Communications
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 5
PG  - 494-495
SP  - 494
EP  - 495
AN  - 00006231-202005000-00011
DO  - 10.1097/mnm.0000000000001196
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/nuclearmedicinecomm/Fulltext/2020/05000/COVID_19_in_the_Nuclear_Medicine_Department,_be.11.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Sleep Health Service in China During the COVID-19 Outbreak
AU  - Zhang, Xiao Lei
AU  - Xiao, Yi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.5664/jcsm.8472
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Drugs supply and pharmaceutical care management practices at a designated hospital during the COVID-19 epidemic
AU  - Ying, Wang
AU  - Qian, Yu
AU  - Kun, Zhu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus that was first detected at the end of December 2019. The epidemic has affected various regions of China in different degrees. As the situations evolve, the COVID-19 had been confirmed in many countries, and made a assessment that it can be characterized as a pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11, 2020. Drugs are the main treatment of COVID-19 patients. Pharmaceutical service offers drug safety ensurance for COVID-19 patients. According to COVID-19 prevention and control policy and requirements, combined with series of diagnosis and treatment plans, pharmacists in the first provincial-level COVID-19 diagnosis and treatment unit in Jilin Province in Northeast China have established the management practices of drug supply and pharmaceutical care from four aspects: personnel, drugs supply management, off-label drug use management and pharmaceutical care. During the outbreak, the pharmaceutical department of THJU completed its assigned workload to ensure drug supply. So far, no nosocomial infections and medication errors have occurred, which has stabilized the mood of the staff and boosted the pharmacists' confidence in fighting the epidemic. For the treatment of COVID-19, pharmacists conducted adverse reaction monitoring and participated in the multidisciplinary consultation of COVID-19. Up to now, the COVID-19 patients admitted to THJU have not shown any new serious adverse reactions and been cured finally. The hospital pharmacy department timely adjusted the work mode, and the formed management practices is a powerful guarantee for the prevention and control of the COVID-19 epidemic. This paper summarized the details and practices of drug supply and pharmaceutical services management to provide experience for the people who involving in COVID-19 prevention and contain in other abroad epidemic areas.
JO  - Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1551741120303259
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - More evidence is urgently needed to confirm the relation between angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and COVID-19
AU  - Yang, Shengju
AU  - Meng, Guoliang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yjmcc.2020.04.003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022282820300870
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Unprecedented pandemic, unprecedented shift, and unprecedented opportunity
AU  - Yan, Zheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic is currently spreading across the world in an unprecedented way. ?Social distancing? has become the latest buzzword in the headlines of media covering the COVID-19 pandemic As a result, the widely implemented social distancing measures has generated one unprecedented shift that pushes various types of human social interactions from dominantly offline to dominantly online. This becomes a ?new normal? in our daily life. For our research community of studying technology-related behavior, the COVID-19 pandemic provides an unprecedented opportunity to join the worldwide efforts to fight against the current pandemic and Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies calls for studies examining how humans behavior with emerging technologies in extreme events such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
JO  - Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/hbe2.192
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/hbe2.192
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - An epidemiological study exploring a possible impact of treatment with ACE inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers on ACE2 plasma concentrations
AU  - Wild, Philipp S.
AU  - Dimmeler, Stefanie
AU  - Eschenhagen, Thomas
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yjmcc.2020.03.018
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022282820300869
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - An anti-oxidative therapy for ameliorating cardiac injuries of critically ill COVID-19-infected patients
AU  - Wang, Jing-Zhang
AU  - Zhang, Rui-Ying
AU  - Bai, Jing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International Journal of Cardiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2020.04.009
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167527320313851
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in a Kidney Transplant Patient
AU  - Wang, Junpeng
AU  - Li, Xin
AU  - Cao, Guanghui
AU  - Wu, Xiaoqiang
AU  - Wang, Zhiwei
AU  - Yan, Tianzhong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Urology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2020.03.036
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0302283820302116
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - School closure and management practices during coronavirus outbreaks including COVID-19: a rapid systematic review
AU  - Viner, Russell M.
AU  - Russell, Simon J.
AU  - Croker, Helen
AU  - Packer, Jessica
AU  - Ward, Joseph
AU  - Stansfield, Claire
AU  - Mytton, Oliver
AU  - Bonell, Chris
AU  - Booy, Robert
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - In response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, 107 countries had implemented national school closures by March 18, 2020. It is unknown whether school measures are effective in coronavirus outbreaks (eg, due to severe acute respiratory syndrome [SARS], Middle East respiratory syndrome, or COVID-19). We undertook a systematic review by searching three electronic databases to identify what is known about the effectiveness of school closures and other school social distancing practices during coronavirus outbreaks. We included 16 of 616 identified articles. School closures were deployed rapidly across mainland China and Hong Kong for COVID-19. However, there are no data on the relative contribution of school closures to transmission control. Data from the SARS outbreak in mainland China, Hong Kong, and Singapore suggest that school closures did not contribute to the control of the epidemic. Modelling studies of SARS produced conflicting results. Recent modelling studies of COVID-19 predict that school closures alone would prevent only 2?4% of deaths, much less than other social distancing interventions. Policy makers need to be aware of the equivocal evidence when considering school closures for COVID-19, and that combinations of social distancing measures should be considered. Other less disruptive social distancing interventions in schools require further consideration if restrictive social distancing policies are implemented for long periods.
JO  - The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2352-4642(20)30095-X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-4642(20)30095-X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Understanding pathways to death in patients with COVID-19
AU  - Vincent, Jean-Louis
AU  - Taccone, Fabio S.
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - In The Lancet Respiratory Medicine, Jason Phua and colleagues1 provide an excellent overview of the current issues raised by COVID-19—in particular, the impact of the disease on intensive care. The Review is clearly and comprehensively written, covering many aspects of the disease, from epidemiology and diagnosis through to intensive care treatment and resource management. One issue raised by this Review is how the reported case fatality rates for patients with COVID-19 can be accurately interpreted.
JO  - The Lancet Respiratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30165-X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30165-X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Commentary: COVID-19 and diabetes
AU  - Villabona, Carmen V.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 108138-108138
SP  - 108138
EP  - 108138
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108138
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168822720303880
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Social distancing in covid-19: what are the mental health implications?
AU  - Venkatesh, Ashwin
AU  - Edirappuli, Shantal
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As of 1 April 2020, there have been 29 474 confirmed cases of covid-19 in the UK.1 As discussed by Mahase, the UK government has enforced “social distancing” measures to curb transmission, protect the vulnerable, and prevent saturation of the NHS.2 Social distancing has potential mental health implications—how can we mitigate these to bolster this essential …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1379-m1379
SP  - m1379
EP  - m1379
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1379
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1379
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Letter to the Editor: Host proteases as determinants of Coronaviral neurotropism and virulence
AU  - Vavougios, George D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Brain, Behavior, and Immunity
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.010
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0889159120304645
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - In the eye of the COVID-19 cytokine storm
AU  - Vaninov, Natalie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature reviews. Immunology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41577-020-0305-6
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Life in the pandemic: Social isolation and mental health
AU  - Usher, Kim
AU  - Bhullar, Navjot
AU  - Jackson, Debra
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Quarantine or physical isolation, used for centuries to contain the spread of infection, isolates those who have (or may have) been infected by a contagious disease to control or limit contamination. The COVID-19, a novel coronavirus first reported in Wuhan, China in late 2019, has rapidly spread across the globe becoming a pandemic. Modern quarantine strategies have been imposed globally in an attempt to curtail the spread of the COVID-19 infection including short- to medium-term lockdowns, voluntary home curfew, restriction on the assembly of groups of people, cancellation of planned social and public events, closure of mass transit systems, and other travel restrictions.
JO  - Journal of Clinical Nursing
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jocn.15290
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.15290
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinicolaboratory study of 25 fatal cases of COVID-19 in Wuhan
AU  - Tu, Wen-Jun
AU  - Cao, Jianlei
AU  - Yu, Lei
AU  - Hu, Xiaorong
AU  - Liu, Qiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Intensive Care Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00134-020-06023-4
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00134-020-06023-4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: NICE advises against using NSAIDs for fever in patients with suspected cases
AU  - Torjesen, Ingrid
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Paracetamol should be used in preference to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for managing fever in patients with suspected covid-19 until more evidence is available on the safety of NSAIDs, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence advises in a rapid guideline on managing symptoms of covid-19 in the community.1 Patients with cough symptoms should take honey and avoid lying on their backs “because this makes coughing ineffective,” says NICE. If cough is distressing, short term use of codeine linctus, codeine phosphate tablets, or morphine sulfate oral solution can be considered to suppress coughing in adults. Remaining in a cool room with an open window …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1409-m1409
SP  - m1409
EP  - m1409
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1409
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1409
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Plano de contingência do Tocantins novo Coronavírus (2019 - nCoV)
AU  - Tocantins . Secretaria de, Estado
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - O escritório da OMS (Organização Mundial de Saúde), na China, foi informado em 31 de dezembro de 2019, sobre casos de pneumonia de etiologia desconhecida detectada na cidade de Wuhan, província de Hubei, na China. De 31 de dezembro de 2019 a 3 de janeiro de 2020, um total de 44 pacientes com pneumonia de etiologia desconhecida foram notificados à OMS pelas autoridades nacionais da China. Durante o período relatado o agente causal não foi identificado. Em 7 de janeiro de 2020, as autoridades chinesas, isolaram e identificaram um novo tipo de coronavírus. Nos dias 11 e 12 de janeiro a Comissão Nacional de Saúde da China repassou informações detalhadas à OMS sobre a sequência genética do novo coronavírus e de que o mesmo estava associado a exposições em um mercado de frutos do mar, localizado em Wuhan. Nos dias, 13 e 15 de janeiro, a Tailândia e o Japão, relataram o primeiro caso importado, respectivamente e ambos os casos foram confirmados laboratorialmente. Em 03 de janeiro foi detectado o rumor sobre os casos de pneumonia de etiologia desconhecida na China e dia 05 foi realizada a publicação aos Pontos Focais Nacionais do Regulamento Sanitário Internacional da OMS (PFN-RSI). A Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde/Ministério da Saúde (SVS/MS), dia 07 de janeiro, elaborou um informe interno sobre os casos de pneumonia de etiologia desconhecida na China e o PFN-RSI do Brasil solicitou informações sobre a veracidade do rumor detectado ao Ponto de Contato da Regional da OMS, para analisar o impacto do evento no país. Durante o período de 07 a 21 de janeiro a SVS publicou o Boletim Epidemiológico nº1 do MS, reuniões para discussão do evento foram realizadas e houveram comunicações dos Estados e Distrito Federal de casos suspeitos. Em 22 de janeiro foi ativado Centro de Operações de Emergências em Saúde Pública para o novo coronavírus (COE 2019 - nCoV). A ativação desta estratégia está prevista no Plano Nacional de Resposta às Emergências em Saúde Pública do Ministério da Saúde. A partir disso, a Secretaria de Estado da Saúde (SES) através da Superintendência de Vigilância em Saúde (SVS) e do Centro de Informações Estratégicas de Vigilância em Saúde (CIEVS), iniciou o monitoramento do evento detectando rumores, realizou a primeira reunião, dia 28 de janeiro de 2020, com técnicos das Superintendências afins da SES, Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Palmas (SEMUS), Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária dos Portos e Aeroportos (ANVISA) e iniciou-se a elaboração do Plano de Contingência Estadual e Municipal para o novo coronavírus. No dia 30 de janeiro de 2020 a OMS declarou como uma Emergência de Saúde Pública de Importância Internacional (ESPII) para todos os países, que devem estar preparados para contenção, incluindo vigilância ativa, detecção precoce, isolamento e gerenciamento de casos, rastreamento de casos, contatos e prevenção da propagação da infecção pelo 2019-nCoV e compartilhamento de dados completos com a OMS. Em continuidade a elaboração do plano de ação, as áreas técnicas da SES, reuniram para discutir o planejamento operacional da Rede de Atenção à Saúde, prioritariamente no Componente Hospitalar para a retaguarda emergencial mediante a pandemia em questão. Necessidade está de dimensionar medidas de precaução e controle para os usuários do SUS no Estado do Tocantins.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://portalarquivos2.saude.gov.br/images/pdf/2020/fevereiro/13/2020-02-11-2019-nCoV-PARA-MS-TO.pdf http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/jzhr6
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Evaluation of the lockdowns for the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in Italy and Spain after one month follow up
AU  - Tobías, Aurelio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - From the end of February, the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in Spain has been following the footsteps of that in Italy very closely. We have analyzed the trends of incident cases, deaths, and intensive care unit admissions (ICU) in both countries before and after their respective national lockdowns using an interrupted time-series design. Data was analyzed with quasi-Poisson regression using an interaction model to estimate the change in trends. After the first lockdown, incidence trends were considerably reduced in both countries. However, although the slopes have been flattened for all outcomes, the trends kept rising. During the second lockdown, implementing more restrictive measures for mobility, it has been a change in the trend slopes for both countries in daily incident cases and ICUs. This improvement indicates that the efforts overtaken are being successful in flattening the epidemic curve, and reinforcing the belief that we must hold on.
JO  - Science of The Total Environment
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 138539-138539
SP  - 138539
EP  - 138539
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138539
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969720320520
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Stroke: “striking reductions” are seen in number of people with symptoms seeking help
AU  - Thornton, Jacqui
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - People are ignoring stroke symptoms and failing to ring 999 because they fear being a burden on the NHS in England during the covid-19 pandemic, the national clinical director for stroke has warned. Deb Lowe, consultant stroke physician at Wirral University Teaching Hospital, said that doctors across the country were seeing “quite striking reductions” in the number of people coming into hospital with symptoms of stroke. She said, “It appears that people aren’t seeking emergency help or going to hospital when they suspect a stroke, possibly due to fear of the virus or not wanting to …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1406-m1406
SP  - m1406
EP  - m1406
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1406
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1406
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: A&amp;E visits in England fall by 25% in week after lockdown
AU  - Thornton, Jacqui
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Attendances at emergency departments in England have fallen significantly since the covid-19 lockdown, sparking concern that some people may be harmed by not accessing treatment. The Royal College of Emergency Medicine said that the public should not be frightened of going to emergency departments after figures showed that they saw 89 584 attendances in the week after the lockdown (March 23-29), down 25% on the 120 356 seen the previous week. Compared with the last week in February (24 February to 1 March), when attendances were 177 370, visits to emergency departments after the lockdown were down 49%, statistics from the Emergency Department Syndromic Surveillance System: England (EDSSS) showed.1 Only pneumonia cases increased …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1401-m1401
SP  - m1401
EP  - m1401
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1401
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1401
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Protocolo de pesquisa clínica para avaliar a eficácia e a segurança de medicamento homeopático individualizado no tratamento e na prevenção da epidemia de COVID-19
AU  - Teixeira, Marcus Zulian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Além da reconhecida aplicação nas doenças crônicas, a homeopatia individualizada também pode atuar de forma resolutiva ou complementar nos casos agudos, incluindo as doenças epidêmicas. No entanto, para atingir esse intento, apresenta uma metodologia semiológica e terapêutica específica que deve ser seguida e respeitada, com o risco de não apresentar a eficácia e a segurança desejada. No caso das doenças epidêmicas, que pela virulência dos seus agentes provoca um quadro sintomatológico comum na maioria dos indivíduos suscetíveis, o medicamento homeopático individualizado (medicamento homeopático do gênio epidêmico) deve apresentar semelhança com o conjunto de sinais e sintomas característicos dos pacientes acometidos nos diferentes estágios de cada surto epidêmico. Estudos evidenciam a eficácia e a segurança desta prática profilática e/ou terapêutica em diversas epidemias do passado. Assim sendo, após o levantamento dos possíveis medicamentos homeopáticos individualizados do gênio epidêmico de cada epidemia, sua aplicação profilática e/ou terapêutica em larga escala deve ser sustentada por ensaios clínicos prévios que demonstrem sua eficácia e segurança, em consonância com os aspectos éticos e bioéticos da pesquisa envolvendo seres humanos. Cumprindo essas premissas da boa prática clínica, elaboramos o atual protocolo com o objetivo de investigar, em ensaio clínico randomizado, duplo-cego e placebo-controlado, a eficácia e a segurança de possíveis medicamentos homeopáticos individualizados do gênio epidêmico da COVID-19, em tratamento adjuvante e complementar de pacientes acometidos pela doença. Caso a a eficácia e a segurança se confirme, e tão somente, o(s) medicamento(s) poderão ser utilizado de forma generalizada e coletiva no tratamento e na prevenção da atual epidemia. (AU) In addition to the recognized application in chronic diseases, individualized homeopathy can also act in a resolutive or complementary way in acute cases, including epidemic diseases. However, to achieve this intent, it presents a specific semiological and therapeutic methodology that must be followed and respected, with the risk of not presenting the desired efficacy and safety. In the case of epidemic diseases, which due to the virulence of their agents causes a common symptomatological picture in most susceptible individuals, the individualized homeopathic medicine (homeopathic medicine of the epidemic genius) should present similarity with the set of characteristic symptoms and signs of the patients affected in the different stages of each epidemic outbreak. Studies show the efficacy and safety of this prophylactic and/or therapeutic practice in several epidemics of the past. Therefore, after the survey of possible homeopathic drugs individualized from the epidemic genius of each epidemic, its prophylactic and/or large-scale therapeutic application should be supported by previous clinical trials that demonstrate its efficacy and safety, in line with the ethical and bioethical aspects of research involving human beings. Fulfilling these premises of good clinical practice, we developed the current protocol with the objective of investigating, in a randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled clinical trial, the efficacy and safety of possible individualized homeopathic drugs of epidemic genius of COVID-19, in adjuvant and complementary treatment of patients affected by the disease. If efficacy and safety are confirmed, and only in this condition, the medicine may be used in a generalized and collective manner in the treatment and prevention of the current epidemic. (AU)
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 62-62
SP  - 62
EP  - 62
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/224t7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Conducting phase 1 cancer clinical trials during COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Tarantino, Paolo
AU  - Trapani, Dario
AU  - Curigliano, Giuseppe
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Journal of Cancer
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2020.03.023
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959804920301647
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Americans are told to wear cloth masks
AU  - Tanne, Janice Hopkins
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has told Americans to wear cloth masks to prevent coronavirus transmission. President Donald Trump said at a press briefing last week that the advice was voluntary, and he was choosing not to wear one. Trump said that the next week or two would be bad and there would be many deaths. The pandemic is expected to peak in the next week or two in New York. In a television interview, Surgeon General Jerome Adams said the next week or two would be a 911 or Pearl Harbour moment for Americans. White House coordinator Deborah Birx told Americans to stay home, not to go to the grocery store or pharmacy, and do everything to protect …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1411-m1411
SP  - m1411
EP  - m1411
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1411
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1411
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus membrane fusion mechanism offers as a potential target for antiviral development
AU  - Tang, Tiffany
AU  - Bidon, Miya
AU  - Jaimes, Javier A.
AU  - Whittaker, Gary R.
AU  - Daniel, Susan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has focused attention on the need to develop effective therapies against the causative agent, SARS-CoV-2, and also against other pathogenic coronaviruses (CoV) that have emerged in the past or might appear in future. Researchers are therefore focusing on steps in the CoV replication cycle that may be vulnerable to inhibition by broad-spectrum or specific antiviral agents. The conserved nature of the fusion domain and mechanism across the CoV family make it a valuable target to elucidate and develop pan-CoV therapeutics. In this article, we review the role of the CoV spike protein in mediating fusion of the viral and host cell membranes, summarizing the results of research on SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and recent peer-reviewed studies of SARS-CoV-2, and suggest that the fusion mechanism be investigated as a potential antiviral target. We also provide a supplemental file containing background information on the biology, epidemiology, and clinical features of all human-infecting coronaviruses, along with a phylogenetic tree of these coronaviruses.
JO  - Antiviral Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 104792-104792
SP  - 104792
EP  - 104792
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.antiviral.2020.104792
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166354220302060
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pharmaceutical care of chloroquine phosphate in elderly patients with coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19)
AU  - Sun, Xuelin
AU  - Li, Shaoqiang
AU  - Li, Kexin
AU  - Hu, Xin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - AGING MEDICINE
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/agm2.12104
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/agm2.12104
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and liver disease
AU  - Sun, Jian
AU  - Aghemo, Alessio
AU  - Forner, Alejandro
AU  - Valenti, Luca
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Since December 2019, patients with unexplained pneumonia have been found in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, which was caused by a novel coronavirus that had not been previously identified (1). Tentatively defined as 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), the pathogen has now been named Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) (2), while the disease termed Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19).
JO  - Liver International
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/liv.14470
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.14470
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Editorial: MOVEMENT DISORDERS IN THE WORLD OF COVID-19
AU  - Stoessl, A. Jon
AU  - Bhatia, Kailash P.
AU  - Merello, Marcello
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Movement Disorders Clinical Practice
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/mdc3.12952
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/mdc3.12952
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Lessons from covid-19: visiting patients at home and assessing comorbidities
AU  - Stevens, Anna M. H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - What might we learn from the covid-19 pandemic?1 Before the pandemic, a patient with complex comorbidities who was unwell at home would have been visited by a general practitioner. This would sometimes be followed by a visit from a district nurse to check blood tests, a visit from a relative who needed to fetch medication from a pharmacy, a referral to the local Health Hub for …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1385-m1385
SP  - m1385
EP  - m1385
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1385
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1385
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Incidence of COVID-19 among immigration police: Observation from Thailand
AU  - Sriwijitalai, Won
AU  - Wiwanitkit, Viroj
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Medical Journal Armed Forces India
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mjafi.2020.03.004
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0377123720300423
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recommendations on cardiopulmonary resuscitation strategy and procedure for novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - Song, Wei
AU  - Liu, Yuanshui
AU  - Ouyang, Yanhong
AU  - Chen, Wenteng
AU  - Li, Min
AU  - Xianyu, Shuming
AU  - Yi, Shengyang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Resuscitation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2020.03.023
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0300957220301374
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19 in South Korea — Challenges of Subclinical Manifestations
AU  - Song, Joon-Young
AU  - Yun, Jin-Gu
AU  - Noh, Ji-Yun
AU  - Cheong, Hee-Jin
AU  - Kim, Woo-Joo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Subclinical Covid-19 in South Korea Among 28 early confirmed cases of Covid-19 in South Korea, diagnosis was delayed in 11 patients because of subclinical symptoms and diverse initial manifestation...
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - NEJMc2001801-NEJMc2001801
SP  - NEJMc2001801
EP  - NEJMc2001801
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMc2001801
UR  - http://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMc2001801
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - La chirurgie digestive urgente, victime collatérale de la crise du Covid-19?
AU  - Slim, K.
AU  - Veziant, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal de Chirurgie Viscérale
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jchirv.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878786X20300863
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Urgent digestive surgery, a collateral victim of the Covid-19 crisis?
AU  - Slim, K.
AU  - Veziant, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Visceral Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jviscsurg.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878788620300990
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prehabilitation could save lives in a pandemic
AU  - Silver, Julie K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Let’s use best practice prehabilitation to improve patients’ health before the upcoming “battle” Prehabilitation involves interventions aimed at improving patients’ health before an anticipated upcoming physiologic stressor so that they are better able to withstand that stress. Prehabilitation emerged as a way to prepare soldiers for battle in the second world war. A study published in 1946 in The BMJ , entitled Prehabilitation, Rehabilitation, and Revocation in the Army, described an experiment in which “good food, lodging, hygiene, and recreation combined with controlled physical training and education” for a period of around two months was found to improve the health ratings of 85% of the 12 000 men who participated. The report stated that the participants’ outlook on life also improved, and that these physical and psychological changes were “astonishingly easy” to accomplish. Modern day military training continues to use similar interventions. Although the covid-19 pandemic is not a literal war, many people will have to “fight” a future infection, and what science has taught us since that study was published could be vital to helping affected patients …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1386-m1386
SP  - m1386
EP  - m1386
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1386
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1386
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Intrapartum care of women with COVID-19: a practical approach
AU  - Sichitiu, Joanna
AU  - Desseauve, David
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2020.04.018
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S030121152030186X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A quickly, effectively screening process of novel corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in children in Shanghai, China
AU  - Shi, Y.
AU  - Wang, X.
AU  - Liu, G.
AU  - Zhu, Q.
AU  - Wang, J.
AU  - Yu, H.
AU  - Wang, C.
AU  - Wang, L.
AU  - Zhang, M.
AU  - Zhang, L.
AU  - Lu, G.
AU  - Lu, Z.
AU  - Yu, J.
AU  - Qiao, Z.
AU  - Gu, Y.
AU  - Shen, G.
AU  - Xu, H.
AU  - Zeng, M.
AU  - Zhai, X.
AU  - Huang, G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background: A recent cluster of pneumonia cases in China was caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We report the screening and diagnosis of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in our hospital. Methods: Developed a procedure for the identification of children cases with COVID-19 in outpatient and emergency department of our hospital, then we observed how this process works. Results: (I) There were 56 cases considered suspected cases, and 10 cases were confirmed as COVID-19. (II) Of the 10 confirmed COVID-19 cases admitted in our hospital, 5 were males and 5 were females, aged from 7 months to 11 years, the average age is 6.0±4.2 years, 6 cases were mild pneumonia, the others were upper respiratory tract infection. (III) We followed up 68 patients in isolation at home until symptoms disappeared. Non were missed in the patient's first visit. The sensitivity of this method is 100% and the specificity is 71.3%. Conclusions: Our screening process works well, and it is also necessary to establish a screening network in the hospital.
JO  - Annals of Translational Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 8
IS  - 5
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.21037/atm.2020.03.22
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L631373395 http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/atm.2020.03.22
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Governance, technology and citizen behavior in pandemic: Lessons from COVID-19 in East Asia
AU  - Shaw, Rajib
AU  - Kim, Yong-kyun
AU  - Hua, Jinling
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Corona Virus (CODID-19) was first reported in Wuhan in December 2019, then spread in different parts of China, and gradually became a global pandemic in March 2020. While the death toll is still increasing, the epicenter of casualty has shifted from Asia to Europe, and that of the affected people has shifted to USA. This paper analyzes the responses in East Asian countries, in China, Japan and South Korea, and provides some commonalities and lessons. While countries have different governance mechanism, it was found that a few governance decisions in respective countries made a difference, along with strong community solidarity and community behavior. Extensive use of emerging technologies is made along with medical/health care treatment to make the response more effective and reduce the risk of the spread of the disease. Although the pandemic was a global one, its responses were local, depending on the local governance, socio-economic and cultural context.
JO  - Progress in Disaster Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 100090-100090
SP  - 100090
EP  - 100090
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pdisas.2020.100090
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590061720300272
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Triage Considerations for Patients Referred for Structural Heart Disease Intervention During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic: An ACC /SCAI Consensus Statement
AU  - Shah, Pinak B.
AU  - Welt, Frederick G. P.
AU  - Mahmud, Ehtisham
AU  - Phillips, Alistair
AU  - Kleiman, Neal S.
AU  - Young, Michael N.
AU  - Sherwood, Matthew
AU  - Batchelor, Wayne
AU  - Wang, Dee Dee
AU  - Davidson, Laura
AU  - Wyman, Janet
AU  - Kadavath, Sabeeda
AU  - Szerlip, Molly
AU  - Hermiller, James
AU  - Fullerton, David
AU  - Anwaruddin, Saif
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 pandemic has strained health care resources around the world causing many institutions to curtail or stop elective procedures. This has resulted in the inability to care for patients valvular and structural heart disease (SHD) in a timely fashion potentially placing these patients at increased risk for adverse cardiovascular complications including congestive heart failure and death. The effective triage of these patients has become challenging in the current environment as clinicians have had to weigh the risk of bringing susceptible patients into the hospital environment during the COVID-19 pandemic versus the risk of delaying a needed procedure. In this document, we suggest guidelines as to how to triage patients in need of SHD interventions and provide a framework of how to decide when it may be appropriate to proceed with intervention despite the ongoing pandemic. In particular, we address the triage of patients in need of trans-catheter aortic valve replacement and percutaneous mitral valve repair. We also address procedural issues and considerations for the function of structural heart disease teams during the COVID-19 pandemic.
JO  - JACC: Cardiovascular Interventions
PB  - 
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AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcin.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1936879820308670
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Generalized Pustular Figurate Erythema A Newly Delineated Severe Cutaneous Drug Reaction Linked with Hydroxychloroquine
AU  - Schwartz, Robert A.
AU  - Janniger, Camila K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract A severe cutaneous drug reaction resembling acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis resulting from ingestion of hydroxychloroquine has been documented. It is distinguishable by its longer incubation period, more varied morphology with initially urticarial and later targetoid and arcuate plaques, recalcitrance to therapy and longer duration. Given the anticipated surge in the use of hydroxychloroquine due to its reported benefits in those with coronavirus-19 infection, specific recognition of this entity is pivotal. We delineate it as generalized pustular figurate erythema (GPFE). This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Dermatologic Therapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/dth.13380
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/dth.13380
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Hypertension and COVID-19
AU  - Schiffrin, Ernesto L.
AU  - Flack, John
AU  - Ito, Sadayoshi
AU  - Muntner, Paul
AU  - Webb, Clinton
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The world is currently suffering from the outbreak of a pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 that causes the disease called COVID-19, first reported in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China on December 31, 2019.1 As of March 29, 2020, there have been 732153 confirmed cases of COVID-19 reported worldwide, with 34686 deaths. The clinical and epidemiological features of COVID-19 have been repeatedly published in the last few weeks. Interestingly, specific comorbidities associated with increased risk of infection and worse outcomes with development of increased severity of lung injury and mortality have been reported. The most common comorbidities in one report were hypertension (30%), diabetes (19%), and coronary heart disease (8%). Another report showed that the most frequent comorbidities in patients with COVID-19 who developed the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) were hypertension (27%), diabetes (19%) and cardiovascular disease (6%). The frequency with which COVID-19 patients are hypertensive is not entirely surprising nor does it necessarily imply a causal relationship between hypertension and COVID-19 or its severity, since hypertension is exceedingly frequent in the elderly, and older people appear to be at particular risk of being infected with SARS-CoV-2 virus and of experiencing severe forms and complications of COVID.
JO  - American Journal of Hypertension
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/ajh/hpaa057
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/ajh/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ajh/hpaa057/5816609
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Orientaciones para el manejo, traslado y disposición final de cadáveres por COVID-19
AU  - Ministerio de Salud y Protección, Social
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Orientar a las Instituciones Prestadoras de Servicio de Salud ­ IPS, autoridades competentes del orden nacional, autoridades judiciales, ciencias forenses, servicios funerarios y cementerios frente al manejo seguro, transporte y disposición de cadáveres debido a la infección por el virus COVID-19 (coronavirus), con el fin de disminuir el riesgo de transmisión en los trabajadores del sector salud, funerario, familiares, comunidad en general y demás autoridades involucradas.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 14-14
SP  - 14
EP  - 14
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.minsalud.gov.co/Ministerio/Institucional/Procesos%20y%20procedimientos/GIPG08.pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - ¿Es esperable que haya cuadros neurológicos por la pandemia de SARS2-CoV?
AU  - Matías-Guiu, Jorge
AU  - Gomez-Pinedo, Ulises
AU  - Montero-Escribano, Paloma
AU  - Gomez-Iglesias, Patricia
AU  - Porta-Etessam, Jesus
AU  - Matias-Guiu, Jordi A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Resumen Introducción: Diversas evidencias sugieren que el SARS2-CoV puede penetrar en el SNC. Los autores revisan los datos de la literatura sobre los hallazgos de Coronavirus en el SNC asociado a enfermedades neurológicas. Desarrollo: En las distintas epidemias con SARS-CoV y MERS-CoV la presencia de cuadros neurológicos es baja, pero se describen cuadros aislados de pacientes. También existen casos asociados a OC43-CoV y 229E-CoV. La existencia de lesiones neurológicas, especialmente desmielinizantes en el modelo MHV-CoV pueden explicar mecanismos de penetración de los CoV en el SNC y especialmente aquellos relacionados con la respuesta inmune, que puede justificar la existencia de CoV en pacientes con Esclerosis Múltiple. Los autores revisan aspectos diferenciales de SARS2-CoV y se plantean si debido al alto número de infectados, el virus puede afectar de forma mayor al SNC. Conclusión: Aunque la presencia de síntomas neurológicos en las epidemas de CoV es baja, la mayor frecuencia de infectados por SARS2-CoV podría justificar el paso del virus y la posibilidad de clínica neurológica precoz o tardía con mayor incidencia. El seguimiento de los pacientes de la epidemia debe atender con cuidado a la evaluación del SNC. Introduction. There is growing evidence that SARS-CoV-2 can gain access to the central nervous system (CNS). We revise the literature on coronavirus infection of the CNS associated with neurological diseases. Development. Neurological symptoms were rarely reported in the SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV epidemics, although isolated cases were described. There are also reports of cases of neurological symptoms associated with CoV-OC43 and CoV-229E infection. The presence of neurological lesions, especially demyelinating lesions in the mouse hepatitis virus model, may explain the mechanisms by which coronaviruses enter the CNS, particularly those related with the immune response. This may explain the presence of coronavirus in patients with multiple sclerosis. We review the specific characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 and address the question of whether the high number of cases may be associated with greater CNS involvement. Conclusion. Although neurological symptoms are not frequent in coronavirus epidemics, the high number of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection may explain the presence of the virus in the CNS and increase the likelihood of early- or delayed-onset neurological symptoms. Follow-up of patients affected by the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic should include careful assessment of the CNS.
JO  - Neurología
PB  - 
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AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nrl.2020.03.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0213485320300657
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Love in the time of COVID-19: negligence in the Nicaraguan response
AU  - Mather, Thais P. Salazar
AU  - Marin, Benjamin Gallo
AU  - Perez, Giancarlo Medina
AU  - Christophers, Briana
AU  - Paiva, Marcelo L.
AU  - Oliva, Rocío
AU  - Hijaz, Baraa A.
AU  - Prado, Andrea M.
AU  - Jarquín, Mateo C.
AU  - Moretti, Katelyn
AU  - Marqués, Catalina González
AU  - Murillo, Alejandro
AU  - Tobin-Tyler, Elizabeth
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - The response of the Nicaraguan government to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been perhaps the most erratic of any country in the world to date. Directly contradicting mitigation strategies recommended by WHO, President Daniel Ortega has refused to encourage any physical distancing measures. Vice President Rosario Murillo (Daniel Ortega's wife) instead called on thousands of sympathisers to congregate in street marches under the slogan “love in the time of COVID-19”. By downplaying the danger of the pandemic and increasing the risk of community transmission in the second-poorest country in the western hemisphere,1 the Nicaraguan government is violating the human rights of its citizens.
JO  - The Lancet Global Health
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30131-5
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30131-5
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Fixed Wing Patient Air Transport during the Covid-19 Pandemic
AU  - Martin, Dr Terry
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Air Medical Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amj.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1067991X20300729
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mitigating and learning from the impact of COVID-19 infection on addictive disorders
AU  - Marsden, John
AU  - Darke, Shane
AU  - Hall, Wayne
AU  - Hickman, Matt
AU  - Holmes, John
AU  - Humphreys, Keith
AU  - Neale, Joanne
AU  - Tucker, Jalie
AU  - West, Robert
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Addiction
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/add.15080
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/add.15080
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - First COVID-19 suicide case in Bangladesh due to fear of COVID-19 and xenophobia: Possible suicide prevention strategies
AU  - Mamun, Mohammed A.
AU  - Griffiths, Mark D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Asian Journal of Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 102073-102073
SP  - 102073
EP  - 102073
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102073
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876201820301842
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Perianesthesia Nurses Called to Practice in Extraordinary Times
AU  - Mamaril, Myrna E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jopan.2020.03.008
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1089947220301015
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): Characteristics in children and considerations for Dentists providing their care
AU  - Mallineni, S. K.
AU  - Innes, N. P.
AU  - Raggio, D. P.
AU  - Araujo, M. P.
AU  - Robertson, M. D.
AU  - Jayaraman, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract The emergence of the novel virus Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) has caused a global pandemic called Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) and has become one of the most significant challenges to the healthcare profession. Dental practices are focal points for cross-infection and care must be taken to minimise the risk of infection to, from, or between dental care professionals and patients. The COVID-19 disease epidemiological and clinical characteristics are still being collated but children?s symptoms seem to be milder than those that adults experience. It is unknown whether certain groups, for example, children with comorbidities, might be at a higher risk of more severe illness. Emerging data on disease spread in children, affected by COVID-19 has not been presented in detail. The purpose of this article is to report current data on the paediatric population affected with COVID-19 and highlight considerations for dentists providing care for children during this pandemic. All members of the dental team have a professional responsibility to keep themselves informed of current guidance and be vigilant in updating themselves as recommendations are changing so quickly.
JO  - International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/ipd.12653
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/ipd.12653
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Tocilizumab treatment in COVID-19: a single center experience
AU  - Luo, Pan
AU  - Liu, Yi
AU  - Qiu, Lin
AU  - Liu, Xiulan
AU  - Liu, Dong
AU  - Li, Juan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Background Tocilizumab (TCZ), a monoclonal antibody against interleukin-6 (IL-6), emerged as an alternative treatment for COVID-19 patients with a risk of cytokine storms recently. In the present study, we aimed to discuss the treatment response of TCZ therapy in COVID-19 infected patients. Methods The demographic, treatment, laboratory parameters of C-reactive protein (CRP) and IL-6 before and after TCZ therapy, and clinical outcome in the 15 COVID-19 patients were retrospectively assessed. Results Totally 15 patients with COVID-19 were included in this study. 2 of them were moderately ill, 6 were seriously ill and 7 were critically ill. The TCZ was used in combination with methylprednisolone (MP) in 8 patients. 5 patients received the TCZ administration twice or more. Although TCZ treatment ameliorated the increased CRP in all patients rapidly, for the 4 critically ill patients who received only single dose of TCZ, 3 of them (No. 1, 2, and 3) still dead and the CRP level in the rest 1 patient (No. 7) failed to return to normal range with a clinical outcome of disease aggravation. Serum IL-6 level tended to further spiked firstly and then decreased after TCZ therapy in 10 patients. A persistent and dramatic increase of IL-6 was observed in these 4 patients who failed treatment. Conclusion TCZ appears to be an effective treatment option in COVID-19 patients with a risk of cytokine storms. And for these critically ill patients with elevated IL-6, repeated dose of the TCZ is recommended. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25801
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25801
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Positive SARS-Cov-2 test in a woman with COVID-19 at 22 days after hospital discharge: A case report
AU  - Luo, Anming
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background In a few discharged patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the nucleic acid test shows positive results again. Whether this is due to relapse of the disease, reinfection by the virus, or a false-positive result at hospital discharge is worth exploring. Case presentation A woman with COVID-19 was discharged from the hospital after integrative treatment with traditional Chinese and Western medicine because she met the discharge standards. However, she obtained positive results on a nucleic acid test 22 days later. Conclusion Based on this positive test result in a discharged patient with COVID-19, anal tests and coronavirus antibody tests should be combined with throat swab tests to further develop the diagnosis and discharge standards for patients with COVID-19.
JO  - Journal of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcms.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095754820300247
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recommendations on management of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus pandemic (Covid-19) in kidney transplant patients
AU  - López, Verónica
AU  - Vázquez, Teresa
AU  - Alonso-Titos, Juana
AU  - Cabello, Mercedes
AU  - Alonso, Angel
AU  - Beneyto, Isabel
AU  - Crespo, Marta
AU  - Díaz-Corte, Carmen
AU  - Franco, Antonio
AU  - González-Roncero, Francisco
AU  - Gutiérrez, Elena
AU  - Guirado, Luis
AU  - Jiménez, Carlos
AU  - Jironda, Cristina
AU  - Lauzurica, Ricardo
AU  - Llorente, Santiago
AU  - Mazuecos, Auxiliadora
AU  - Paul, Javier
AU  - Rodríguez-Benot, Alberto
AU  - Ruiz, Juan Carlos
AU  - Sánchez-Fructuoso, Ana
AU  - Sola, Eugenia
AU  - Torregrosa, Vicente
AU  - Zárraga, Sofía
AU  - Hernández, Domingo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Summary The SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) coronavirus pandemic is evolving very quickly and means a special risk for both immunosuppressed and comorbid patients. Knowledge about this growing infection is also increasing although many uncertainties remain, especially in the kidney transplant population. This manuscript presents a proposal for action with general and specific recommendations to protect and prevent infection in this vulnerable population such as kidney transplant recipients. Resumen La pandemia por coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) está evolucionando de manera muy rápida y representa un riesgo especial en pacientes inmunodeprimidos y con comorbilidades añadidas. El conocimiento sobre esta infección emergente va también en aumento, si bien, aún sigue habiendo muchas incógnitas, sobre todo en la población con trasplante renal. Este manuscrito presenta una propuesta de actuación con recomendaciones generales y específicas para proteger y prevenir de la infección a esta población tan vulnerable como son los receptores de un trasplante renal.
JO  - Nefrología (English Edition)
PB  - 
CY  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nefroe.2020.03.017
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2013251420300481
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus y atención primaria
AU  - Llor, Carles
AU  - Moragas, Ana
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Atención Primaria
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aprim.2020.03.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0212656720301001
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Critically ill patients with COVID-19 in Hong Kong: a multicentre retrospective observational cohort study
AU  - Ling, Lowell
AU  - So, Christina
AU  - Shum, Hoi Ping
AU  - Chan, Paul K. S.
AU  - Lai, Christopher K. C.
AU  - Kandamby, Darshana H.
AU  - Ho, Eunise
AU  - So, Dominic
AU  - Yan, Wing Wa
AU  - Lui, Grace
AU  - Leung, Wai Shing
AU  - Chan, Man Chun
AU  - Gomersall, Charles D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE: To report the first eight cases of critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Hong Kong, describing the treatments and supportive care they received and their 28-day outcomes. DESIGN: Multicentre retrospective observational cohort study. SETTING: Three multidisciplinary intensive care units (ICUs) in Hong Kong. PARTICIPANTS: All adult critically ill patients with confirmed COVID-19 admitted to ICUs in Hong Kong between 22 January and 11 February 2020. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: 28-day mortality. RESULTS: Eight out of 49 patients with COVID-19 (16%) were admitted to Hong Kong ICUs during the study period. The median age was 64.5 years (range, 42–70) with a median admission Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score of 6 (IQR, 4–7). Six patients (75%) required mechanical ventilation, six patients (75%) required vasopressors and two (25%) required renal replacement therapy. None of the patients required prone ventilation, nitric oxide or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. The median times to shock reversal and extubation were 9 and 11 days respectively. At 28 days, one patient (12%) had died and the remaining seven (88%) all survived to ICU discharge. Only one of the survivors (14%) still required oxygen at 28 days. CONCLUSION: Critically ill patients with COVID-19 often require a moderate duration of mechanical ventilation and vasopressor support. Most of these patients recover and survive to ICU discharge with supportive care using lung protective ventilation strategies, avoiding excess fluids, screening and treating bacterial co-infection, and timely intubation. Lower rather than upper respiratory tract viral burden correlates with clinical severity of illness.
JO  - Critical care and resuscitation : journal of the Australasian Academy of Critical Care Medicine
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Full Spectrum of Cancer Patients in SARS-CoV-2 Infection Still Being Described
AU  - Liang, Xiaohua
AU  - Yang, Chao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clon.2020.03.016
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0936655520301552
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - CT imaging changes of corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19): a multi-center study in Southwest China
AU  - Li, Xiaoming
AU  - Zeng, Wenbing
AU  - Li, Xiang
AU  - Chen, Haonan
AU  - Shi, Linping
AU  - Li, Xinghui
AU  - Xiang, Hongnian
AU  - Cao, Yang
AU  - Chen, Hui
AU  - Liu, Chen
AU  - Wang, Jian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since the first case of a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection pneumonia was detected in Wuhan, China, a series of confirmed cases of the COVID-19 were found in Southwest China. The aim of this study was to describe the imaging manifestations of hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection in southwest China. In this retrospective study, data were collected from 131 patients with confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from 3 Chinese hospitals. Their common clinical manifestations, as well as characteristics and evolvement features of chest CT images, were analyzed. A total of 100 (76%) patients had a history of close contact with people living in Wuhan, Hubei. The clinical manifestations of COVID-19 included cough, fever. Most of the lesions identified in chest CT images were multiple lesions of bilateral lungs, lesions were more localized in the peripheral lung, 109 (83%) patients had more than two lobes involved, 20 (15%) patients presented with patchy ground glass opacities, patchy ground glass opacities and consolidation of lesions co-existing in 61 (47%) cases. Complications such as pleural thickening, hydrothorax, pericardial effusion, and enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes were detected but only in rare cases. For the follow-up chest CT examinations (91 cases), We found 66 (73%) cases changed very quickly, with an average of 3.5 days, 25 cases (27%) presented absorbed lesions, progression was observed in 41 cases (46%), 25 (27%) cases showed no significant changes. Chest CT plays an important role in diagnosing COVID-19. The imaging pattern of multifocal peripheral ground glass or mixed consolidation is highly suspicious of COVID-19, that can quickly change over a short period of time.
JO  - Journal of Translational Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 18
IS  - 1
PG  - 154-154
SP  - 154
EP  - 154
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s12967-020-02324-w
UR  - https://translational-medicine.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12967-020-02324-w
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Fighting against COVID-19: Innovative strategies for clinical pharmacists
AU  - Li, Huibo
AU  - Zheng, Siqian
AU  - Liu, Fang
AU  - Liu, Wei
AU  - Zhao, Rongsheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background Clinical pharmacists’ routine task is carrying out pharmaceutical care to ensure patients' safe and reasonable medication use. However, under public health emergencies, such as the outbreak of COVID-19, the work strategies of clinical pharmacists need to be modified according to the rapid spread of the disease, where information and resources are usually lack to guide them. Objective To retrieve and investigate the prevention and control measures of clinical pharmacists during the outbreak of novel coronavirus, summarize the roles and responsibilities of clinical pharmacists, and to propose innovative strategies for developing pharmacy services under the epidemic. Methods The Chinese and English databases, self-media network, website of professional society or medical institution, and clinical trial center platforms were searched, and clinical pharmacists involved in the work against COVID-19 were surveyed and interviewed. Investigate the challenges and needs of frontline medical staffs for treating patients, and formulate strategies based on the actual medical environment. Results Clinical pharmacists play a vital role in leading the industry to formulate work instructions, provide frontline medical staff with drug information, and develop innovative pharmacy services to promote the rational use of medicines with collaborative teamwork and close communication according to the epidemic situation of COVID-19. Anti-epidemic work indeed has driven the development of remote pharmacy services. Conclusion Facing public health emergencies, clinical pharmacists can give full play to their professional expertise, analyze the current situation rationally, formulate telehealth strategies swiftly, and work in a united and efficient manner to provide innovative pharmacy services to ensure medication safety and rational use of medicine.
JO  - Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy
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DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2020.04.003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1551741120303284
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Critical patients with coronavirus disease 2019: Risk factors and outcome nomogram
AU  - Li, Dr Lingzhi
AU  - Chen, Mrs Xiaobei
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.025
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.025
NS  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Global rheumatology in the time of COVID-19
AU  - Lewandowski, Laura B.
AU  - Hsieh, Evelyn
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - The rheumatology community has responded rapidly to SARS-CoV-2, a highly contagious virus with a case fatality rate ranging from 0·9% overall to 5·0–10·0% in patients older than 70 years in the Chinese population.2 There is substantial concern among rheumatologists regarding a potentially increased risk of infection and death among patients who are immunosuppressed, including those with rheumatic disease. Few data on this possible risk exist to date; at the time of this Correspondence being published, there is a registered retrospective study in China for patients with rheumatic disease and a case series from the USA listing rheumatic disease as a pre-admission comorbidity.3 As studies regarding treatments for and outcomes of COVID-19 emerge, it seems possible that immunomodulation could alter the disease course of COVID-19. Many reports have cited the use of medications commonly found in the rheumatology armamentarium for the management of COVID-19, including hydroxychloroquine, glucocorticoids, intravenous immunoglobulin, anti-interleukin (IL)-1 and anti-IL-6 therapies, and Janus kinase inhibitors.4 The world is watching with great interest to see if those drugs can save lives during this pandemic. In addition to the rapid progression of respiratory failure, COVID-19 seems to be most fatal when it triggers a cytokine storm.5 However, there are currently no tools to identify patients at greatest risk of developing this complication, and the mechanisms by which this reaction occurs in the setting of COVID-19 are not fully understood.
JO  - The Lancet Rheumatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2665-9913(20)30091-6
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2665-9913(20)30091-6
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions as a clinical presentation of mild-to-moderate forms of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19): a multicenter European study
AU  - Lechien, Jerome R.
AU  - Chiesa-Estomba, Carlos M.
AU  - De Siati, Daniele R.
AU  - Horoi, Mihaela
AU  - Le Bon, Serge D.
AU  - Rodriguez, Alexandra
AU  - Dequanter, Didier
AU  - Blecic, Serge
AU  - El Afia, Fahd
AU  - Distinguin, Lea
AU  - Chekkoury-Idrissi, Younes
AU  - Hans, Stéphane
AU  - Delgado, Irene Lopez
AU  - Calvo-Henriquez, Christian
AU  - Lavigne, Philippe
AU  - Falanga, Chiara
AU  - Barillari, Maria Rosaria
AU  - Cammaroto, Giovanni
AU  - Khalife, Mohamad
AU  - Leich, Pierre
AU  - Souchay, Christel
AU  - Rossi, Camelia
AU  - Journe, Fabrice
AU  - Hsieh, Julien
AU  - Edjlali, Myriam
AU  - Carlier, Robert
AU  - Ris, Laurence
AU  - Lovato, Andrea
AU  - De Filippis, Cosimo
AU  - Coppee, Frederique
AU  - Fakhry, Nicolas
AU  - Ayad, Tareck
AU  - Saussez, Sven
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - To investigate the occurrence of olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions in patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 infection. Patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 infection were recruited from 12 European hospitals. The following epidemiological and clinical outcomes have been studied: age, sex, ethnicity, comorbidities, and general and otolaryngological symptoms. Patients completed olfactory and gustatory questionnaires based on the smell and taste component of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, and the short version of the Questionnaire of Olfactory Disorders-Negative Statements (sQOD-NS). A total of 417 mild-to-moderate COVID-19 patients completed the study (263 females). The most prevalent general symptoms consisted of cough, myalgia, and loss of appetite. Face pain and nasal obstruction were the most disease-related otolaryngological symptoms. 85.6% and 88.0% of patients reported olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions, respectively. There was a significant association between both disorders (p < 0.001). Olfactory dysfunction (OD) appeared before the other symptoms in 11.8% of cases. The sQO-NS scores were significantly lower in patients with anosmia compared with normosmic or hyposmic individuals (p = 0.001). Among the 18.2% of patients without nasal obstruction or rhinorrhea, 79.7% were hyposmic or anosmic. The early olfactory recovery rate was 44.0%. Females were significantly more affected by olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions than males (p = 0.001). Olfactory and gustatory disorders are prevalent symptoms in European COVID-19 patients, who may not have nasal symptoms. The sudden anosmia or ageusia need to be recognized by the international scientific community as important symptoms of the COVID-19 infection.
JO  - European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-11
SP  - 1
EP  - 11
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00405-020-05965-1
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00405-020-05965-1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronaviruserkrankung 2019 (COVID-19) und Schwangerschaft
AU  - Kleinwechter, H.
AU  - Laubner, K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Seit Beginn der Coronaviruspandemie mit SARS-CoV‑2 („severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2“) im Januar 2020 wurden bereits mehr als 100 Fälle von chinesischen Schwangeren publiziert, darunter auch Fälle mit Gestationsdiabetes (GDM). In vorliegender Übersicht wird über die Klinik von COVID-19 sowie geburtshilfliche und neonatale Ergebnisdaten berichtet. Leitsymptome der insgesamt milder verlaufenden Infektion sind Fieber, Husten und Atembeschwerden. Es gibt bislang keine Beweise für eine intrauterine Transmission des Virus und auch keinen Beleg für einen Transfer in bzw. durch Muttermilch. Postnatale Infektionen von Säuglingen infizierter Mütter sind belegt, die Verläufe mild. Die vorliegenden Daten sind geeignet, Angehörige der Gesundheitsberufe auf die zu erwartenden Infektionen schwangerer Frauen mit der Komorbidität Diabetes mellitus vorzubereiten.
JO  - Der Diabetologe
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11428-020-00611-0
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11428-020-00611-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Is low dose radiation therapy a potential treatment for COVID-19 pneumonia?
AU  - Kirkby, Charles
AU  - Mackenzie, Marc
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Radiotherapy and Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radonc.2020.04.004
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167814020301857
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Infection and Rapid Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Ferrets
AU  - Kim, Young-Il
AU  - Kim, Seong-Gyu
AU  - Kim, Se-Mi
AU  - Kim, Eun-Ha
AU  - Park, Su-Jin
AU  - Yu, Kwang-Min
AU  - Chang, Jae-Hyung
AU  - Kim, Eun Ji
AU  - Lee, Seunghun
AU  - Casel, Mark Anthony B.
AU  - Um, Jihye
AU  - Song, Min-Suk
AU  - Jeong, Hye Won
AU  - Lai, Van Dam
AU  - Kim, Yeonjae
AU  - Chin, Bum Sik
AU  - Park, Jun-Sun
AU  - Chung, Ki-Hyun
AU  - Foo, Suan-Sin
AU  - Poo, Haryoung
AU  - Mo, In-Pil
AU  - Lee, Ok-Jun
AU  - Webby, Richard J.
AU  - Jung, Jae U.
AU  - Choi, Young Ki
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in China and rapidly spread worldwide. To prevent SARS-CoV-2 dissemination, understanding the in vivo characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 is a high priority. We report a ferret model of SARS-CoV-2 infection and transmission that recapitulates aspects of human disease. SARS-CoV-2-infected ferrets exhibit elevated body temperatures and virus replication. Although fatalities were not observed, SARS-CoV-2-infected ferrets shed virus in nasal washes, saliva, urine, and feces up to 8 days post-infection. At 2 days post-contact, SARS-CoV-2 was detected in all naive direct contact ferrets. Furthermore, a few naive indirect contact ferrets were positive for viral RNA, suggesting airborne transmission. Viral antigens were detected in nasal turbinate, trachea, lungs, and intestine with acute bronchiolitis present in infected lungs. Thus, ferrets represent an infection and transmission animal model of COVID-19 that may facilitate development of SARS-CoV-2 therapeutics and vaccines.
JO  - Cell Host & Microbe
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.chom.2020.03.023
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2020.03.023
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The serostatus approach to fighting COVID-19
AU  - Kenyon, Chris
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.03.080
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971220302137
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Lung ultrasound and computed tomographic findings in pregnant woman with COVID-19
AU  - Kalafat, E.
AU  - Yaprak, E.
AU  - Cinar, G.
AU  - Varli, B.
AU  - Ozisik, S.
AU  - Uzun, C.
AU  - Azap, A.
AU  - Koc, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Imaging modalities play a crucial role in the management of suspected COVID-19-infected patients. Before reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test results are positive, 60-93% of patients have positive chest computed tomographic (CT) findings consistent with COVID-19 infection. We report a case of positive lung ultrasound findings consistent with COVID-19 in a woman with an initial negative RT-PCR result. The lung ultrasound-imaging findings were present between the negative and subsequent positive RT-PCR tests and correlated with CT findings. The point-of-care lung-ultrasound examination was easy to perform and, as such, could play an important role in the triage of women with suspected COVID-19. The neonatal swabs, cord blood, and placental swab RT-PCR tests were negative for SARS-CoV-2, a finding consistent with the published literature suggesting no vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in pregnant women. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/uog.22034
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - ‘Every day is a new surprise.’ Inside the effort to produce the world’s most popular coronavirus tracker
AU  - Kaiser, Jocelyn
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Many websites track the devastating spread of disease and death caused by the now-pandemic coronavirus, from the World Health Organization’s (WHO’s) global map to The New York Times’s tally of U.S. cases at the county level. But one of the earliest, an online dashboard run by Johns Hopkins University, has become the go-to place for the latest data on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). With its black world map strewn with red circles and global, country, and state counts of cases, deaths, and recoveries, the Coronavirus COVID-19 Global Cases tracker sticks to the basics—no fancy graphs. Yet the site, which gets more than 1 billion hits a day, has become the most authoritative source for COVID-19 case data. It is used by news organizations and government agencies around the world. Its dashboard has been copied by states and countries. It has been spotted on a wall in a photo of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services’s coronavirus war room.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abc1085
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/04/every-day-new-surprise-inside-effort-produce-world-s-most-popular-coronavirus-tracker
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 economic cost; impact on forcibly displaced people
AU  - Kabir, Mehwish
AU  - Afzal, Muhammad Sohail
AU  - Khan, Aisha
AU  - Ahmed, Haroon
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101661-101661
SP  - 101661
EP  - 101661
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101661
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893920301290
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Maintaining HIV care during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Jiang, Hongbo
AU  - Zhou, Yi
AU  - Tang, Weiming
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - First, implementation of quarantine, social distancing, and community containment measures have reduced access to routine HIV testing, which challenges completion of UNAIDS' first 90-90-90 target globally, that 90% of all people living with HIV will know their HIV status. HIV testing is the vital first step towards initiation into the HIV care continuum.3 Even with availability of HIV self-testing kits in some areas,4 testing remains a big challenge in settings with scarce access to these kits. Therefore, increased efforts are needed to augment access and to facilitate testing.
JO  - The Lancet HIV
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2352-3018(20)30105-3
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-3018(20)30105-3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Methanol Poisoning Emerging as the Result of COVID-19 Outbreak; Radiologic Perspective
AU  - Iranpour, Pooya
AU  - Firoozi, Homa
AU  - Haseli, Sara
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Academic Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acra.2020.03.029
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1076633220301744
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Reorganization of Medical Oncology Departments during COVID-19 Pandemic: a Nationwide Italian Survey
AU  - Indini, Alice
AU  - Aschele, Carlo
AU  - Bruno, Daniele
AU  - Cavanna, Luigi
AU  - Clerico, Mario
AU  - Fiorentini, Giammaria
AU  - Fioretto, Luisa
AU  - Giordano, Monica
AU  - Montesarchio, Vincenzo
AU  - Ortega, Cinzia
AU  - Pinotti, Graziella
AU  - Scanni, Alberto
AU  - Zamagni, Claudio
AU  - Blasi, Livio
AU  - Grossi, Francesco
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARSCoV-2) pandemic is a global health problem, which started to affect China by the end of year 2019. In Europe, Italy has faced this novel disease entity (named COVID-19) first and severely. COVID-19 represents a significant hurdle for public health services and a potential harm for patients with cancer. The Collegio Italiano dei Primari Oncologi Medici (CIPOMO) is an Italian association of head physicians in oncology departments, which promotes working and research activities in oncology on a national basis. In the midst of the epidemic in Italy, the CIPOMO promoted a national survey aiming to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on clinical activity of oncologists and the implementation of containment measures of COVID-19 diffusion. Overall, 122 head physicians participated in this survey, with a homogeneous distribution on the national territory. Results show that the following measures for oncologic patients have been promptly implemented through the whole country: use of protective devices, triage of patients accessing the hospital, delay of non-urgent visits, and use of telemedicine. Results of this survey suggest that Italian oncology departments have promptly set a proactive approach to the actual emergency. Oncologists need to preserve the continuum of care of patients, as the benefit of ensuring a well-delivered anti-cancer treatment plan outweighs the risk of COVID-19 infection. International cooperation is an important starting point, as heavily affected nations can serve as an example to find out ways to safely preserve health activity during pandemic.
JO  - European Journal of Cancer
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2020.03.024
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959804920301659
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Minimizing the risk of COVID-19 among patients on dialysis
AU  - Ikizler, T. Alp
AU  - Kliger, Alan S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature reviews. Nephrology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41581-020-0280-y
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Nurses in Conflict: Providing Care in Extraordinary Times
AU  - Iacono, Maureen V.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jopan.2020.03.007
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1089947220301003
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: Don’t apply advance care plans to groups of people, doctors’ leaders warn
AU  - Iacobucci, Gareth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Medical leaders have said it is “unacceptable” for advance care plans—with or without a completed “Do not attempt to resuscitate” (DNAR) form—to be applied in a blanket manner to whole groups of people during the covid-19 pandemic.1 The joint statement from the Royal College of General Practitioners, BMA, Care Provider Alliance, and Care Quality Commission comes amid concern that GPs are feeling under pressure not to admit their older vulnerable patients to hospital if they contract covid-19 because of restrictions on acute care capacity. Last week an NHS health board in Wales apologised after a general …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1419-m1419
SP  - m1419
EP  - m1419
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1419
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1419
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: UK government writes off £13.4bn of hospital debts to ease pressures
AU  - Iacobucci, Gareth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Over 100 NHS hospitals have had a combined £13.4bn (€15.25bn; $16.48bn) in historical debts written off by the government to help them respond to the covid-19 pandemic. The move, effective from 1 April, was announced by England’s health secretary, Matt Hancock, on 2 April as part of a wider package of measures designed to give trusts financial support during the pandemic and help them achieve longer term commitments to become financially sustainable. This package, agreed with NHS England, includes a simpler internal payment system to help NHS trusts deal …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1407-m1407
SP  - m1407
EP  - m1407
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1407
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1407
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Structural Variations in Human ACE2 may Influence its Binding with SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein
AU  - Hussain, Mushtaq
AU  - Jabeen, Nusrat
AU  - Raza, Fozia
AU  - Shabbir, Sanya
AU  - Baig, Ayesha Ashraf
AU  - Amanullah, Anusha
AU  - Aziz, Basma
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The recent pandemic of COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, is unarguably the most fearsome compared to the earlier outbreaks caused by other coronaviruses, SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. Human ACE2 is now established as a receptor for the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Where variations in the viral spike protein in turn lead to the cross species transmission of the virus, genetic variations in the host receptor ACE2, may also contribute to the susceptibility and/or resistance against the viral infection. This study aims to explore the binding of the proteins encoded by different human ACE2 allelic variants with SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Briefly, coding variants of ACE2 corresponding to the reported binding sites for its attachment with coronavirus spike protein were selected and molecular models of these variants were constructed by homology modelling. The models were then superimposed over the native ACE2 and ACE2-spike protein complex, to observe structural changes in the ACE2 variants and their intermolecular interactions with SARS-CoV-2 spike protein respectively. Despite strong overall structural similarities, spatial orientation of the key interacting residues varies in the ACE2 variants compared to the wild type molecule. Most ACE2 variants showed similar binding affinity for SARS-CoV-2 spike protein as observed in the complex structure of wild type ACE2 and SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. However, ACE2 alleles, rs73635825 (S19P) and rs143936283 (E329G) showed noticeable variations in their intermolecular interactions with the viral spike protein. In summary, our data provide structural basis of potential resistance against SARS-CoV-2 infection driven by ACE2 allelic variants. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25832
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the provision of surgical care
AU  - Hussain, Khalid
AU  - Dewan, Varun
AU  - Ali, Tariq
AU  - Al Shakarchi, Julien
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has brought about unprecedented adaptations in healthcare management, be it at a local or global level. With so much that is not known about the disease itself, it has become manifestly clear that even less is known about how healthcare systems can contain such a disease. In this situation we are obliged as clinicians and academics to share our experiences in order to pool together vital information that will not only help to tackle the matter at hand but will also serve as a road map for future crises such as this.
JO  - Journal of Surgical Case Reports
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 2020
IS  - 4
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/jscr/rjaa087
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/jscr/article/doi/10.1093/jscr/rjaa087/5816562
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Analysis of Characteristics in Death Patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia without Underlying Diseases
AU  - Hu, Yiqi
AU  - Deng, He
AU  - Huang, Lu
AU  - Xia, Liming
AU  - Zhou, Xin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Academic Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acra.2020.03.023
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1076633220301641
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Sample Pooling as a Strategy to Detect Community Transmission of SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Hogan, Catherine A.
AU  - Sahoo, Malaya K.
AU  - Pinsky, Benjamin A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has revealed the global importance of robust diagnostic testing to differentiate severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) from other routine respiratory infections and guide appropriate clinical management. Given the limited testing capacity available in the United States early in the pandemic, individuals with a clinical syndrome consistent with COVID-19, but without travel or exposure history, were not tested. Therefore, it remains uncertain whether there may have been community circulation of SARS-CoV-2 prior to the identification of individuals with positive results through standard public health surveillance. Sample pooling, a strategy used for community monitoring of other infectious diseases such as trachoma, has not, to our knowledge, been deployed for the early comprehensive screening of SARS-CoV-2 in the United States.
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.5445
UR  - https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2764364
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Annulation du congrès annuel de la SIFUD-PP et nouvelles dates des futurs événements
AU  - Hermieu, Hermieu Jean-François
AU  - Cosson, Cosson Michel
AU  - Bernard, Parratte
AU  - Gérard, Amarenco
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Progrès en Urologie
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.purol.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1166708720301056
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19, ECMO, and lymphopenia: a word of caution
AU  - Henry, B. M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Respiratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 8
IS  - 4
PG  - e24
SP  - e24
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30119-3
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005408540 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30119-3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A comparative-descriptive analysis of clinical characteristics in 2019-Coronavirus-infected children and adults
AU  - Han, Ya-Nan
AU  - Feng, Zhan-Wei
AU  - Sun, Li-Na
AU  - Ren, Xiao-Xia
AU  - Wang, Hua
AU  - Xue, Yong-Ming
AU  - Wang, Yi
AU  - Fang, Ying
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Acute respiratory disease (ARD) caused by 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) has rapidly spread throughout China. Children and adults show a different clinical course. The purpose of the current study is to comparatively analyze the clinical characteristics of 2019-nCoV infection in children and adults and to explore the possible causes for the discrepancies present. The medical records of 25 adults and 7 children confirmed cases of 2019-nCoV ARD were reviewed retrospectively. All children were family clusters. The total adult patients were differentiated into: the local residents of Wuhan, a history of travel to Wuhan and direct contact with people from Wuhan. The numbers were 14 (56%), 10 (40%) & 1 (4%), respectively. The median incubation period of children and adults was 5 days (range 3-12 days) and 4 days (range 2-12 days), respectively. Diarrhoea and/or vomiting (57.1%) were more common in children, whereas for adults it was myalgia or fatigue (52%). On admission, the percentage of children having pneumonia (5, 71.4%) was roughly the same as adults (20, 80%). 20% of adults had leucopoenia, but leukocytosis was more frequently in children (28.6%, P=0.014). A higher number of children had elevated creatine kinase isoenzyme (57.1% vs. 4%, P=0.004). Antiviral therapy was given to all adult patients but to none of the children. In summary, knowledge of these differences between children and adults will not only be helpful for the clinical diagnosis of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), but also for a future discussion on age-specific coronavirus infection. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25835
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pangolins Harbor SARS-CoV-2-related Coronaviruses
AU  - Han, Guan-Zhu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 has posed a severe threat to global public health. Yet, the origin of SARS-CoV-2 remains mysterious. Several recent studies (e.g., Lam et al., Xiao et al.) identified SARS-CoV-2-related viruses in pangolins, providing novel insights into the evolution and diversity of SARS-CoV-2-related viruses.
JO  - Trends in Microbiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tim.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0966842X20300901
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Is Global BCG Vaccination Coverage Relevant To The Progression Of SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic?
AU  - Gursel, Mayda
AU  - Gursel, Ihsan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The lower than expected number of SARS-CoV-2 cases in countries with fragile health systems is puzzling. Herein, we hypothesize that BCG vaccination policies adopted by different countries might influence the SARS-CoV-2 transmission patterns and/or COVID-19 associated morbidity and mortality through the vaccine’s capacity to confer heterologous protection. We also postulate that until a specific vaccine is developed, SARS-CoV-2 vulnerable populations could be immunized with BCG vaccines to attain heterologous nonspecific protection from the new coronavirus.
JO  - Medical Hypotheses
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 109707-109707
SP  - 109707
EP  - 109707
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109707
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306987720305193
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Practice recommendations for lung cancer radiotherapy during the COVID-19 pandemic: An ESTRO-ASTRO consensus statement
AU  - Guckenberger, Matthias
AU  - Belka, Claus
AU  - Bezjak, Andrea
AU  - Bradley, Jeffrey
AU  - Daly, Megan E.
AU  - DeRuysscher, Dirk
AU  - Dziadziuszko, Rafal
AU  - Faivre-Finn, Corinne
AU  - Flentje, Michael
AU  - Gore, Elizabeth
AU  - Higgins, Kristin A.
AU  - Iyengar, Puneeth
AU  - Kavanagh, Brian D.
AU  - Kumar, Sameera
AU  - Le Pechoux, Cecile
AU  - Lievens, Yolande
AU  - Lindberg, Karin
AU  - McDonald, Fiona
AU  - Ramella, Sara
AU  - Rengan, Ramesh
AU  - Ricardi, Umberto
AU  - Rimner, Andreas
AU  - Rodrigues, George B.
AU  - Schild, Steven E.
AU  - Senan, Suresh
AU  - Simone Ii, Charles B.
AU  - Slotman, Ben J.
AU  - Stuschke, Martin
AU  - Videtic, Greg
AU  - Widder, Joachim
AU  - Yom, Sue S.
AU  - Palma, David
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background The COVID-19 pandemic has caused radiotherapy resource pressures and led to increased risks for lung cancer patients and healthcare staff. An international group of experts in lung cancer radiotherapy established this practice recommendation pertaining to whether and how to adapt radiotherapy for lung cancer in the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods For this ESTRO & ASTRO endorsed project, 32 experts in lung cancer radiotherapy contributed to the consensus process using a modified Delphi process. We assessed potential adaptations of radiotherapy in two pandemic scenarios. The first, the early pandemic scenario of risk mitigation, is characterized by an altered risk-benefit ratio of radiotherapy for lung cancer patients due to their increased susceptibility for severe COVID-19 infection, and minimization of patient travelling and exposure of our radiotherapy staff. The second, a later pandemic scenario, is characterized by reduced radiotherapy resources. Six common lung cancer cases were assessed for both scenarios: peripherally located stage I NSCLC, locally advanced NSCLC, postoperative radiotherapy after resection of pN2 NSCLC, thoracic radiotherapy and prophylactic cranial irradiation for SCLC and palliative thoracic radiotherapy for stage IV NSCLC. Results In a risk-mitigation pandemic scenario, efforts should be made not to compromise the prognosis of lung cancer patients by departing from guideline-recommended radiotherapy practice. In that same scenario, postponement or interruption of radiotherapy treatment of COVID-19 positive patients is generally recommended to avoid exposure of cancer patients and staff to an increased risk of COVID-19 infection. In a severe pandemic scenario characterized by reduced resources, if patients must be triaged, important factors for triage include potential for cure, relative benefit of radiation, life expectancy, and performance status. Case-specific consensus recommendations regarding multimodality treatment strategies and fractionation of radiotherapy are provided. Conclusion This joint ESTRO-ASTRO practice recommendation established pragmatic and balanced consensus recommendations in common clinical scenarios of radiotherapy for lung cancer in order to address the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic.
JO  - Radiotherapy and Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radonc.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167814020301821
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Baseline Characteristics and Outcomes of 1591 Patients Infected With SARS-CoV-2 Admitted to ICUs of the Lombardy Region, Italy
AU  - Grasselli, Giacomo
AU  - Zangrillo, Alberto
AU  - Zanella, Alberto
AU  - Antonelli, Massimo
AU  - Cabrini, Luca
AU  - Castelli, Antonio
AU  - Cereda, Danilo
AU  - Coluccello, Antonio
AU  - Foti, Giuseppe
AU  - Fumagalli, Roberto
AU  - Iotti, Giorgio
AU  - Latronico, Nicola
AU  - Lorini, Luca
AU  - Merler, Stefano
AU  - Natalini, Giuseppe
AU  - Piatti, Alessandra
AU  - Ranieri, Marco Vito
AU  - Scandroglio, Anna Mara
AU  - Storti, Enrico
AU  - Cecconi, Maurizio
AU  - Pesenti, Antonio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Importance. In December 2019, a novel coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 [SARS-CoV-2]) emerged in China and has spread globally, creating a pandemic. Information about the clinical characteristics of infected patients who require intensive care is limited. Objective. To characterize patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) requiring treatment in an intensive care unit (ICU) in the Lombardy region of Italy. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3><p>Retrospective case series of 1591 consecutive patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 referred for ICU admission to the coordinator center (Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy) of the COVID-19 Lombardy ICU Network and treated at one of the ICUs of the 72 hospitals in this network between February 20 and March 18, 2020. Date of final follow-up was March 25, 2020.</p><h3>Exposures</h3><p>SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed by real-time reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay of nasal and pharyngeal swabs.</p><h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3><p>Demographic and clinical data were collected, including data on clinical management, respiratory failure, and patient mortality. Data were recorded by the coordinator center on an electronic worksheet during telephone calls by the staff of the COVID-19 Lombardy ICU Network.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Of the 1591 patients included in the study, the median (IQR) age was 63 (56-70) years and 1304 (82%) were male. Of the 1043 patients with available data, 709 (68%) had at least 1 comorbidity and 509 (49%) had hypertension. Among 1300 patients with available respiratory support data, 1287 (99% [95% CI, 98%-99%]) needed respiratory support, including 1150 (88% [95% CI, 87%-90%]) who received mechanical ventilation and 137 (11% [95% CI, 9%-12%]) who received noninvasive ventilation. The median positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) was 14 (IQR, 12-16) cm H<sub>2</sub>O, and Fio<sub>2</sub>was greater than 50% in 89% of patients. The median Pao<sub>2</sub>/Fio<sub>2</sub>was 160 (IQR, 114-220). The median PEEP level was not different between younger patients (n = 503 aged ≤63 years) and older patients (n = 514 aged ≥64 years) (14 [IQR, 12-15] vs 14 [IQR, 12-16] cm H<sub>2</sub>O, respectively; median difference, 0 [95% CI, 0-0];<i>P</i> = .94). Median Fio<sub>2</sub>was lower in younger patients: 60% (IQR, 50%-80%) vs 70% (IQR, 50%-80%) (median difference, −10% [95% CI, −14% to 6%];<i>P</i> = .006), and median Pao<sub>2</sub>/Fio<sub>2</sub>was higher in younger patients: 163.5 (IQR, 120-230) vs 156 (IQR, 110-205) (median difference, 7 [95% CI, −8 to 22];<i>P</i> = .02). Patients with hypertension (n = 509) were older than those without hypertension (n = 526) (median [IQR] age, 66 years [60-72] vs 62 years [54-68];<i>P</i> &lt; .001) and had lower Pao<sub>2</sub>/Fio<sub>2</sub>(median [IQR], 146 [105-214] vs 173 [120-222]; median difference, −27 [95% CI, −42 to −12];<i>P</i> = .005). Among the 1581 patients with ICU disposition data available as of March 25, 2020, 920 patients (58% [95% CI, 56%-61%]) were still in the ICU, 256 (16% [95% CI, 14%-18%]) were discharged from the ICU, and 405 (26% [95% CI, 23%-28%]) had died in the ICU. Older patients (n = 786; age ≥64 years) had higher mortality than younger patients (n = 795; age ≤63 years) (36% vs 15%; difference, 21% [95% CI, 17%-26%];<i>P</i> &lt; .001).</p><h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3><p>In this case series of critically ill patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 admitted to ICUs in Lombardy, Italy, the majority were older men, a large proportion required mechanical ventilation and high levels of PEEP, and ICU mortality was 26%.</p>
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.5394
UR  - https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2764365
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in pregnancy with comorbidities: More liberal testing strategy is needed
AU  - Gidlöf, Sebastian
AU  - Savchenko, Julia
AU  - Brune, Thomas
AU  - Josefsson, Hampus
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Despite a global pandemic, reports on pregnant women with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are few so far, testing strategies vary substantially and management guidelines are not uniform.
JO  - Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/aogs.13862
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - New clinical experiences and evaluation of clinical and paraclinical features of deceased patients with COVID-19 infection referred to Shahid Mostafa Khomeini Hospital of Ilam, Iranin
AU  - Ghaysouri, Abas
AU  - Sadeghifard, Nourkhoda
AU  - Nazari, Ali
AU  - Kalvandi, Gholamreza
AU  - Feizi, Jalil
AU  - Qasemi, Esmail
AU  - Kafashian, Mohamadreza
AU  - Borji, Milad
AU  - Kokhazadeh, Taleb
AU  - Tavan, Hamed
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101657-101657
SP  - 101657
EP  - 101657
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101657
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893920301253
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19 outbreak in a major radiation oncology department; which lessons should be taken?
AU  - Gemici, Cengiz
AU  - Yaprak, Gokhan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Radiotherapy and Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radonc.2020.03.044
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016781402030178X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Effects of COVID-19 on Academic Activities and Surgical Education in Italy
AU  - Gallo, Gaetano
AU  - Trompetto, Mario
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Investigative Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/08941939.2020.1748147
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/08941939.2020.1748147
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cardiopulmonary resuscitation after hospital admission with covid-19
AU  - Fritz, Zoë
AU  - Perkins, Gavin D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The balance of benefits and risks has changed, and practice must change with it In normal times, the medical obligation to “first do no harm” applies to the actions of individual doctors on individual patients. During pandemics, the ethical imperatives shift: we must consider the safety of not only the individual patient but also the clinician and the population. Guidelines on attempting cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in the acute hospital setting for patients with covid-19 have produced conflict and moral discomfort because of differences of opinion about the balance of benefits and risks to both patients and staff.1 In normal circumstances, the annual incidence of in-hospital cardiac arrests in adults is 1-10 per 1000 admissions.23 Those with non-cardiac causes of cardiac arrest have worse outcomes.3 In 80% of cardiac arrests the patient has a non-shockable rhythm (pulseless electrical activity or asystole), for which survival to hospital discharge is around 15-20%.2 By contrast, the likelihood of survival from an initially shockable rhythm is 2-3 times higher (about 50%).2 However, these figures can be misleading because CPR will not be attempted in patients who are unlikely to survive resuscitation or the period of ventilation on an intensive care unit that often follows. The decision …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1387-m1387
SP  - m1387
EP  - m1387
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1387
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1387
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The COVID-19 pandemic requires a unified global response
AU  - Filetti, Sebastiano
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Endocrine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-1
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12020-020-02293-6
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12020-020-02293-6
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A case report of COVID-19 with false negative RT-PCR test: necessity of chest CT
AU  - Feng, Hao
AU  - Liu, Yujian
AU  - Lv, Minli
AU  - Zhong, Jianquan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The definite diagnosis of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is based on the viral isolation or positive result of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from sputum, or nasal swab, or throat swab. However, the sensitivity to detect COVID-19 of real time (RT)-PCR is reported to be lower than that of chest CT. We report a case of 34-year-old man who was diagnosed as negative for COVID-19 based on the four sequential RT-PCR tests of his pharyngeal swab. Chest CT showed patchy ground-glass opacity on admission, and it rapidly progressed to segmental mixed consolidation and ground-glass opacity 3 days after admission, and it resolved in left upper lobe, but showed multifocal ground-glass opacities 7 days after admission, and they resolved within 2 weeks. The fifth RT-PCR test finally revealed positive results at the fifth day after admission. It is difficult to distinguish COVID-19 pneumonia from other viral pneumonia on CT findings alone; however, we emphasize the utility of chest CT to detect early change of COVID-19 in cases which RT-PCR tests show negative results.
JO  - Japanese Journal of Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11604-020-00967-9
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11604-020-00967-9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A field indoor air measurement of SARS-CoV-2 in the patient rooms of the largest hospital in Iran
AU  - Faridi, Sasan
AU  - Niazi, Sadegh
AU  - Sadeghi, Kaveh
AU  - Naddafi, Kazem
AU  - Yavarian, Jila
AU  - Shamsipour, Mansour
AU  - Jandaghi, Nazanin Zahra Shafiei
AU  - Sadeghniiat, Khosro
AU  - Nabizadeh, Ramin
AU  - Yunesian, Masud
AU  - Momeniha, Fatemeh
AU  - Mokamel, Adel
AU  - Hassanvand, Mohammad Sadegh
AU  - MokhtariAzad, Talat
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emerged in Wuhan city, China, in late 2019 and has rapidly spread throughout the world. The major route of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is in contention, with the airborne route a likely transmission pathway for carrying the virus within indoor environments. Until now, there has been no evidence for detection of airborne severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and this may have implication for the potential spread of the COVID-19. We investigated the air of patient rooms with confirmed COVID-19 in the largest hospital in Iran, on March 17, 2020. To collect the SARS-CoV-2 particles, ten air samples were collected into the sterile standard midget impingers containing 20 ml DMEM with 100 μg/ml streptomycin, 100 U/ml penicillin and 1% antifoam reagent for 1 h. Besides, indoor particle number concentrations, CO2, relative humidity and temperature were recorded throughout the sampling duration. Viral RNA was extracted from samples taken from the impingers and Reverse-Transcription PCR (RT-PCR) was applied to confirm the positivity of collected samples based on the virus genome sequence. Fortunately, in this study all air samples which were collected 2 to 5 m from the patients' beds with confirmed COVID-19 were negative. Despite we indicated that all air samples were negative, however, we suggest further in vivo experiments should be conducted using actual patient cough, sneeze and breath aerosols in order to show the possibility of generation of the airborne size carrier aerosols and the viability fraction of the embedded virus in those carrier aerosols.
JO  - Science of The Total Environment
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 138401-138401
SP  - 138401
EP  - 138401
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138401
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969720319148
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and dermatologists: Potential biological hazards of laser surgery in epidemic area
AU  - Emadi, Seyed-Naser
AU  - Abtahi-Naeini, Bahareh
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 110598-110598
SP  - 110598
EP  - 110598
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110598
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651320304371
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The effective use of telemedicine to save lives and maintain structure in a healthcare system: Current response to COVID-1
AU  - Elkbuli, Adel
AU  - Ehrlich, Haley
AU  - McKenney, Mark
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2020.04.003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S073567572030231X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Fast and simple high-throughput testing of COVID 19
AU  - Durner, Jürgen
AU  - Burggraf, Siegfried
AU  - Czibere, Ludwig
AU  - Fleige, Tobias
AU  - Madejska, Arleta
AU  - Watts, David C.
AU  - Krieg-Schneider, Frank
AU  - Becker, Marc
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Dental Materials
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S010956412030097X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Multi-Cultural Project Initiative: An inclusive representation of “Coronavirus Guidelines for America”
AU  - Doroudgar, Shadi
AU  - Hernandez, Fatima Ester
AU  - Kali-Rai, Rolly
AU  - Yoshizuka, Keith
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2020.04.006
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S155174112030334X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 is not just a flu. Learn from Italy and act now
AU  - De Giorgio, Andrea
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101655-101655
SP  - 101655
EP  - 101655
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101655
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S147789392030123X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Guía sobre el uso de acupuntura y moxibustión para tratar COVID-19 (segunda edición)
AU  - de expertos, Grupo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Revista Internacional de Acupuntura
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acu.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1887836920300168
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Head and neck oncology during the COVID-19 pandemic: Reconsidering traditional treatment paradigms in light of new surgical and other multilevel risks
AU  - Day, Andrew T.
AU  - Sher, David J.
AU  - Lee, Rebecca C.
AU  - Truelson, John M.
AU  - Myers, Larry L.
AU  - Sumer, Baran D.
AU  - Stankova, Lenka
AU  - Tillman, Brittny N.
AU  - Hughes, Randall S.
AU  - Khan, Saad A.
AU  - Gordin, Eli A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 pandemic demands reassessment of head and neck oncology treatment paradigms. Head and neck cancer (HNC) patients are generally at high-risk for COVID-19 infection and severe adverse outcomes. Further, there are new, multilevel COVID-19-specific risks to patients, surgeons, health care workers (HCWs), institutions and society. Urgent guidance in the delivery of safe, quality head and neck oncologic care is needed. Novel barriers to safe HNC surgery include: 1) imperfect presurgical screening for COVID-19; 2) prolonged SARS-CoV-2 aerosolization; 3) occurrence of multiple, potentially lengthy, aerosol generating procedures (AGPs) within a single surgery; 4) potential incompatibility of enhanced personal protective equipment (PPE) with routine operative equipment; 5) existential or anticipated PPE shortages. Additionally, novel, COVID-19-specific multilevel risks to HNC patients, HCWs and institutions, and society include: use of immunosuppressive therapy, nosocomial COVID-19 transmission, institutional COVID-19 outbreaks, and, at some locations, societal resource deficiencies requiring health care rationing. Traditional head and neck oncology doctrines require reassessment given the extraordinary COVID-19-specific risks of surgery. Emergent, comprehensive management of these novel, multilevel surgical risks are needed. Until these risks are managed, we temporarily favor nonsurgical therapy over surgery for most mucosal squamous cell carcinomas, wherein surgery and nonsurgical therapy are both first-line options. Where surgery is traditionally preferred, we recommend multidisciplinary evaluation of multilevel surgical-risks, discussion of possible alternative nonsurgical therapies and shared-decision-making with the patient. Where surgery remains indicated, we recommend judicious preoperative planning and development of COVID-19-specific perioperative protocols to maximize the safety and quality of surgical and oncologic care.
JO  - Oral Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 104684-104684
SP  - 104684
EP  - 104684
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oraloncology.2020.104684
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1368837520301202
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Caring for children and adolescents with eating disorders in the current COVID-19 pandemic: A Singapore perspective
AU  - Davis, Courtney
AU  - Chong, Ng Kee
AU  - Oh, Jean Yin
AU  - Baeg, Amerie
AU  - Rajasegaran, Kumudhini
AU  - Elaine Chew, Chu Shan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Our public pediatric tertiary hospital in Singapore has been a part of a robust public heath response to COVID-19 that has been calibrated in a timely manner to the evolving international situation. As of mid-March, Singapore remains in a containment mode with enhanced surveillance and limited community spread. Within this context, our service for pediatric eating disorder care has had to make significant adaptations to our models of service delivery as well as respond to the changing psychosocial needs of our patients. Given infection control requirements, we have instituted modular staffing for our inpatient and outpatient settings, necessitating task shifting and an increased use of technology for communication. Due to reduced outpatient capacity and the need to minimize non-urgent trips to the hospital, we have implemented telemedicine and have leveraged on partnerships with school counselors and other community partners. “Coronaphobia” has influenced our patients’ willingness to attend visits and worsened existing health anxiety for some. Responsiveness to families’ and patients’ health and financial concerns has been essential. As COVID-19 impacts more countries, our institution’s experience can provide insight into challenges and possible adaptations to providing ongoing care for eating disorder patients in this environment.
JO  - Journal of Adolescent Health
PB  - 
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EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2020.03.037
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1054139X20301531
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - High-resolution Chest CT Features and Clinical Characteristics of Patients Infected with COVID-19 in Jiangsu, China
AU  - Dai, Hui
AU  - Zhang, Xin
AU  - Xia, Jianguo
AU  - Zhang, Tao
AU  - Shang, Yalei
AU  - Huang, Renjun
AU  - Liu, Rongrong
AU  - Wang, Dan
AU  - Li, Min
AU  - Wu, Jinping
AU  - Xu, Qiuzhen
AU  - Li, Yonggang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background A pneumonia associated with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) recently emerged in China. It was recognized as a global health hazard. Methods 234 inpatients with COVID-19 were included. Detailed clinical data, chest HRCT basic performances and certain signs were recorded, and ground-glass opacity (GGO), consolidation, fibrosis and air trapping were quantified. Both clinical types and CT stages were evaluated. Results Most patients (approximately 90%) were classified as common type and with epidemiologic history. Fever and cough were main symptoms. Chest CT showed abnormal attenuation in bilateral multiple lung lobes, distributed in the lower and/or periphery of the lungs (94.98%), with multiple shapes. GGO and vascular enhancement sign were most frequent seen, followed by interlobular septal thickening and air bronchus sign as well as consolidation, fibrosis and air trapping. There were significant differences in most of CT signs between different stage groups. The SpO2 and OI were decreased in stage IV, and the CT score of consolidation, fibrosis and air trapping was significantly lower in stage I (P<0.05). A weak relevance was between the fibrosis score and the value of PaO2 and SpO2 (P<0.05). Conclusions Clinical performances of patients with COVID-19, mostly with epidemiologic history and typical symptoms, were critical valuable in the diagnosis of the COVID-19. While chest HRCT provided the distribution, shape, attenuation and extent of lung lesions, as well as some typical CT signs of COVID-19 pneumonia.
JO  - International Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
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AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.04.003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971220302186
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - What Does COVID-19 Mean for the Pathology-Urology Interaction?
AU  - Compérat, Eva
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Urology
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2020.03.041
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0302283820302165
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19 and the rise of racism
AU  - Coates, Melanie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Over the past few months covid-19 has dramatically changed how we live. The media and the government have rightly been concerned with the global health and economic implications of this pandemic,1 but they have neglected to acknowledge the simultaneous spread of prejudice and xenophobia. Fear leads to the desire to understand and control situations. From this we see a surge of prejudice and …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1384-m1384
SP  - m1384
EP  - m1384
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1384
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1384
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recommandations de la Société Française de Chirurgie Oncologique (SFCO) pour l’organisation de la Chirurgie Oncologique durant l’épidémie de COVID-19
AU  - Classe, J. M.
AU  - Dolivet, G.
AU  - Evrard, S.
AU  - Ferron, G.
AU  - Lécuru, F.
AU  - Leufflen, L.
AU  - Rivoire, M.
AU  - Sgabura, O.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Bulletin du Cancer
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bulcan.2020.03.010
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0007455120301612
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cuidado Respiratorio En Covid-19
AU  - Chica-Meza, Carmen
AU  - Peña-López, Luis Alexander
AU  - Villamarín-Guerrero, Héctor Fabio
AU  - Moreno-Collazos, Jorge Enrique
AU  - Rodríguez-Corredor, Lizeth Catherine
AU  - Lozano, Wilson Mauricio
AU  - Vargas-Ordoñez, Mónica Patricia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Resumen Antecedentes: El COVID-19, hace parte de la familia de los virus conocida como Coronaviridae, el nuevo patógeno β-coronavirus del subgénero Sarbecovirus se denomino inicialmente como el nuevo coronavirus (2019-nCoV); identificado en un brote de neumonía en Wuhan; desarrollando alteraciones en el sistema respiratorio llevándolos a neumonía severa, edema pulmonar, síndrome de dificultad respiratoria agudo (SDRA). Objetivo: Revisar la evidencia científica disponible relacionada con el cuidado del sistema respiratorio, estableciendo pautas generales de tratamiento. Métodos: Revisión narrativa de la literatura. Se realizó una búsqueda, selección y revisión de artículos originales y secundarios escritos en inglés o español, en las diferentes bases de datos: NCBI, CENTRAL, MEDLINE y EMBASE publicados hasta marzo del 2020. Resultados: no se ha definido un tratamiento especifico ante la nueva enfermedad, teniendo como principal medida terapéutica el control sintomático. Utilizar elementos de bioseguridad: gafas, gorros, guantes, bata larga impermeable, tapabocas alta eficiencia en personal sanitario (FFP2 o N95), en paciente sintomático utilizar tapabocas quirúrgico, jabón hospitalario, toallas de papel, y alcohol al 70% o isopropilico. Utilizar oxígeno mediante sistemas de bajo flujo. En ventilación mecánica programar modos VCP o VCV, Vt: 4-6 ml/Kg, Fr: ≤ 35, FiO2: para PaO2=60 mmHg o SpO2: 92-96%, PEEP: 12-17 cmH2O, Ventilación prono si PAFI ≤ 150 con relación 16/8 o 18/6, óxido nítrico: 5-20 ppm. Conclusiones: Usar equipos de bioseguridad con el fin de interrumpir la transmisión, en hipoxemia usar sistemas de oxigenoterapia bajo flujo. Usar estrategias de protección pulmonar, disminución de volúmenes corrientes, presiones de plateau y frecuencias respiratorias, implementación de valores de PEEP elevados, bajos valores de presión de conducción y ventilación en prono, los cuales han demostrado mejoraría en la hipoxemia y la sobrevida en pacientes con SDRA. Background: COVID-19 is part of the family of viruses known as Coronaviridae. The new pathogen β-coronavirus of the subgenus Sarbecovirus was initially named as a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), identified in a pneumonia outbreak in Wuhan. Patients developed alterations in the respiratory system leading to severe pneumonia, pulmonary oedema, and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Objective: To review the available scientific evidence related to the care of the respiratory system in order to establish general treatment guidelines. Methods: Narrative review of the literature was carried out that included a search, selection, and review of original and secondary articles written in English or Spanish in the different databases: NCBI, CENTRAL, MEDLINE and EMBASE published up to March 2020. Results: No specific treatment for the new disease has been defined, with symptomatic control as the main therapeutic measure. The use of biosecurity elements, such as goggles, hats, gloves, long waterproof aprons, high efficiency masks for healthcare personnel (FFP2 or N95) is recommended. In symptomatic patients use surgical masks, hospital soap, paper towels, and 70% alcohol or isopropyl alcohol. Use oxygen through low flow systems. A mechanical ventilation program in VCP or VCV modes, Vt: 4-6 ml/Kg, Fr: ≤ 35, FiO2: for PaO2 = 60 mmHg or SpO2: 92-96%, PEEP: 12-17 cmH2O, Prone ventilation if PAFI ≤ 150 with ratio16/8 or 18/6, nitric oxide: 5-20 ppm. Conclusions: Use biosecurity equipment in order to prevent transmission. In hypoxaemia use low flow oxygen therapy systems. Use lung protection strategies, decrease in tidal volumes, plateau pressures and respiratory rates, plus implementation of high PEEP values, low conduction pressure values ​​and prone ventilation. These have been shown to improve hypoxaemia and survival in patients with ARDS.
JO  - Acta Colombiana de Cuidado Intensivo
PB  - 
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AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acci.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0122726220300318
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Efforts to Reduce the Impacts of COVID-19 Outbreak on Radiation Oncology in Taiwan
AU  - Chen, Yi-Lun
AU  - Hsu, Feng-Ming
AU  - Tsai, Chiaojung Jillian
AU  - Chia-Hsien Cheng, Jason
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Advances in Radiation Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adro.2020.03.005
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452109420300567
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Investigating hypothiocyanite against SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Cegolon, L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 113520-113520
SP  - 113520
EP  - 113520
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheh.2020.113520
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S143846392030153X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Children — United States, February 12–April 2, 2020
AU  - Cdc Covid-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - What is already known about this topic? Data from China suggest that pediatric coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases might be less severe than cases in adults and that children (persons aged <18 years) might experience different symptoms than adults. What is added by this report? In this preliminary description of pediatric U.S. COVID-19 cases, relatively few children with COVID-19 are hospitalized, and fewer children than adults experience fever, cough, or shortness of breath. Severe outcomes have been reported in children, including three deaths. What are the implications for public health practice? Pediatric COVID-19 patients might not have fever or cough. Social distancing and everyday preventive behaviors remain important for all age groups because patients with less serious illness and those without symptoms likely play an important role in disease transmission.
JO  - Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR)
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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AN  - 
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6914e4external icon
UR  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - In Silico Discovery of Candidate Drugs against Covid-19
AU  - Cava, Claudia
AU  - Bertoli, Gloria
AU  - Castiglioni, Isabella
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Previous studies reported that Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is the main cell receptor of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2. It plays a key role in the access of the virus into the cell to produce the final infection. In the present study we investigated in silico the basic mechanism of ACE2 in the lung and provided evidences for new potentially effective drugs for Covid-19. Specifically, we used the gene expression profiles from public datasets including The Cancer Genome Atlas, Gene Expression Omnibus and Genotype-Tissue Expression, Gene Ontology and pathway enrichment analysis to investigate the main functions of ACE2-correlated genes. We constructed a protein-protein interaction network containing the genes co-expressed with ACE2. Finally, we focused on the genes in the network that are already associated with known drugs and evaluated their role for a potential treatment of Covid-19. Our results demonstrate that the genes correlated with ACE2 are mainly enriched in the sterol biosynthetic process, Aryldialkylphosphatase activity, adenosylhomocysteinase activity, trialkylsulfonium hydrolase activity, acetate-CoA and CoA ligase activity. We identified a network of 193 genes, 222 interactions and 36 potential drugs that could have a crucial role. Among possible interesting drugs for Covid-19 treatment, we found Nimesulide, Fluticasone Propionate, Thiabendazole, Photofrin, Didanosine and Flutamide.
JO  - Viruses 2020, Vol. 12, Page 404
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 12
IS  - 4
PG  - 404-404
SP  - 404
EP  - 404
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/V12040404
UR  - 
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - About the origin of the first two Sars-CoV-2 infections in Italy: inference not supported by appropriate sequence analysis
AU  - Carletti, Fabrizio
AU  - Lalle, Eleonora
AU  - Messina, Francesco
AU  - Ippolito, Giuseppe
AU  - Capobianchi, Maria R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In the 5th February 2020 issue of Journal of Medical Virology a paper was published by Giovannetti et al., entitled "The first two cases of 2019-nCoV in Italy: where they come from?"(1) . In this paper a phylogenetic and evolutionary analysis was applied to the virus identified in the first two subjects diagnosed in Italy with 2019-nCoV infection, recently renamed SARS-CoV-2(2) , two Chinese spouses arrived in Italy for tourism. The diagnosis was performed by the virology team under direction of Maria R. Capobianchi, at the National Institute of Infectious Diseases (INMI) in Rome, Italy, where the patients are currently hospitalized. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25833
UR  - 
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 infection in a paucisymptomatic infant: Raising the index of suspicion in epidemic settings
AU  - Canarutto, Daniele
AU  - Priolo, Alessio
AU  - Russo, Gianni
AU  - Pitea, Marco
AU  - Vigone, Maria Cristina
AU  - Barera, Graziano
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Few children have been reported to have been affected by novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); it is unclear whether children are less likely to be infected or rather display fewer symptoms. We present the case of a 32-day-old boy infected by COVID-19 that presented with an upper air way infection which resolved spontaneously and did not require any therapy. We argue that in epidemic settings children presenting with any mild symptom potentially attributable to COVID-19 should be considered contagious until proven otherwise, and that management must be guided by clinical conditions.
JO  - Pediatric pulmonology
PB  - 
CY  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/ppul.24754
UR  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Health surveillance during covid-19 pandemic
AU  - Calvo, Rafael A.
AU  - Deterding, Sebastian
AU  - Ryan, Richard M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - How to safeguard autonomy and why it mattersSocieties are responding to the covid-19 pandemic at breathtaking speed. Many of these ad hoc responses will have long lasting consequences, and we must make sure that today’s efforts do not threaten our future wellbeing.The most consequential transformations may come from new health surveillance technologies that use machine learning and automated decision making to parse people’s digital footprints, identify those who are potentially infected, trace their contacts, and enforce social distancing. Some have argued that such digital contact tracing could be more effective in controlling the epidemic than mass quarantine.1The Israeli government, for example, authorised the repurposing of an anti-terror phone tracking programme, trawling the location histories of its whole population to monitor and enforce self-isolation of people who tested positive. Israel’s health ministry has since launched a mobile app allowing citizens to check whether they have crossed paths with anyone infected and need to self-isolate.2In China, two big providers of mobile payment …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1373-m1373
SP  - m1373
EP  - m1373
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1373
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/content/369/bmj.m1373.abstract
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Studying COVID-19 in light of critical approaches to risk and uncertainty: research pathways, conceptual tools, and some magic from Mary Douglas
AU  - Brown, P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This editorial is a response to the recent COVID-19 pandemic and underlines the valuable role that critical social science approaches to risk and uncertainty can play in helping us understand how risk is being understood and mitigated. Drawing on Heyman’s approach to understanding risk as a configuration of probabilistic knowledge, time-framing, categories and values, I explore COVID-19 risk in relation to each of these features while also emphasising how different features stabilise one another. I suggest lines of inquiry into each of these features and their interrelatedness. I then move to present some important insights from the work of Mary Douglas which are especially germane to studying the risk of COVID-19 and, again, I raise possibilities for future research. Emphasising the centrality of ritual to Douglas’s theory, I develop these considerations to encourage an exploration of magic and magical thinking, alongside rational approaches to COVID-19 risk.
JO  - Health, Risk and Society
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 22
IS  - 1
PG  - 1-14
SP  - 1
EP  - 14
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/13698575.2020.1745508
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2004514876 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13698575.2020.1745508
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Does the COVID-19 outbreak identify a broader need for an urgent transformation of cancer clinical trials research?
AU  - Borno, Hala T.
AU  - Small, Eric J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Contemporary Clinical Trials
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 105997-105997
SP  - 105997
EP  - 105997
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cct.2020.105997
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1551714420300756
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Modeling and forecasting of epidemic spreading: The case of Covid-19 and beyond
AU  - Boccaletti, Stefano
AU  - Ditto, William
AU  - Mindlin, Gabriel
AU  - Atangana, Abdon
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Chaos, Solitons & Fractals
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 109794-109794
SP  - 109794
EP  - 109794
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chaos.2020.109794
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S096007792030196X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19, comment gérer un autre Titanic?
AU  - Biclet, Philippe
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Médecine & Droit
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meddro.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1246739120300336
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Biologic therapy for psoriasis during the covid-19 outbreak is not a choice
AU  - Bardazzi, Federico
AU  - Loi, Camilla
AU  - Sacchelli, Lidia
AU  - Di Altobrando, Ambra
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of dermatological treatment
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/09546634.2020.1749545
UR  - 
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The COVID-19 pandemic from an ophthalmologist’s perspective
AU  - Bacherini, Daniela
AU  - Biagini, Ilaria
AU  - Lenzetti, Chiara
AU  - Virgili, Gianni
AU  - Rizzo, Stanislao
AU  - Giansanti, Fabrizio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The current COVID-19 pandemic is rapidly spreading around the world. The first doctor to report this new disease was an ophthalmologist: this exemplifies the role of ophthalmologists in an infectious disease pandemic. Here we review how SARS-Cov2 affects the eye and discuss implications for ophthalmologists.
JO  - Trends in Molecular Medicine
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molmed.2020.03.008
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1471491420300885
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19): Implications for Clinical Dental Care
AU  - Ather, Amber
AU  - Patel, Biraj
AU  - Ruparel, Nikita B.
AU  - Diogenes, Anibal
AU  - Hargreaves, Kenneth M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The recent spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its associated coronavirus disease has gripped the entire international community and has caused widespread public health concerns. Despite global efforts to contain the disease spread, the outbreak is still on a rise because of the community spread pattern of this infection. This is a zoonotic infection, similar to other coronavirus infections, that is believed to have originated in bats and pangolins and later transmitted to humans. Once in the human body, this coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is abundantly present in nasopharyngeal and salivary secretions of affected patients, and its spread is predominantly thought to be respiratory droplet/contact in nature. Dental professionals, including endodontists, may encounter patients with suspected or confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and will have to act diligently not only to provide care but at the same time prevent nosocomial spread of infection. Thus, the aim of this article is to provide a brief overview of the epidemiology, symptoms, and routes of transmission of this novel infection. In addition, specific recommendations for dental practice are suggested for patient screening, infection control strategies, and patient management protocol.
JO  - Journal of Endodontics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2020.03.008
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S009923992030159X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - JACI: In Practice Response to COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Angel, Dawn M.
AU  - Zeiger, Robert S.
AU  - Sicherer, Scott H.
AU  - Khan, David A.
AU  - Schatz, Michael
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaip.2020.03.027
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213219820303251
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How Social Distancing Brought Us Closer as a BME Community
AU  - Amos, Jennifer R.
AU  - Howard, Cassandra
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of Biomedical Engineering
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s10439-020-02501-4
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10439-020-02501-4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 inflames the heart. The importance of awareness of myocardial injury in COVID-19 patients
AU  - Ammirati, Enrico
AU  - Wang, Dao Wen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International Journal of Cardiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2020.03.086
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167527320316697
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Plano de Contingência para resposta às emergências em saúde pública: doença respiratória 2019-nCoV
AU  - Santa Catarina . Secretaria da, Saúde
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Os Coronavírus são um grande grupo viral, conhecidos desde meados de 1960, que causam infecções respiratórias em seres humanos e em animais. Geralmente, as infecções causam sintomas leves a moderados, semelhantes a gripe e sintomas intestinais, sendo altamente patogênicos. Alguns coronavírus podem causar doenças graves com impacto importante em termos de Saúde Pública, como a Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave (SARS), identificada em 2002 e a Síndrome Respiratória do Oriente Médio (MERS), identificada em 2012. O coronavírus 2019-nCoV tem causado doença respiratória com casos recentemente registrados na China, sendo que seu espectro clínico de infecção humana, padrão de letalidade, mortalidade e infectividade não estão descritos completamente. Até o momento, os casos parecem cursar com um quadro de síndrome gripal. Assim, é importante o questionamento sobre o histórico de viagem dos pacientes com sintomatologia similar. Lembrando que outros vírus respiratórios, também ocorrem sob a forma de surtos e, eventualmente, circulam ao mesmo tempo, tais como influenza, parainfluenza, rinovírus, vírus sincicial respiratório, adenovírus e outros coronavírus. As definições de caso suspeito de Doença Respiratória de 2019-nCoV são baseadas nas informações atualmente disponíveis e podem ser revisadas a qualquer momento. Todos os casos suspeitos devem ser notificados imediatamente às autoridades epidemiológicas locais através de contato telefônico, seguindo o fluxo de notificação já estabelecido: Município ­ Estado ­ Ministério da Saúde. As informações devem ser inseridas na ficha de notificação (http://bit.ly/2019-ncov) e a CID10 que deverá ser utilizada é a: B34.2 ­ Infecção por coronavírus de localização não especificada. Os casos suspeitos enquadram-se nas seguintes situações: Situação 1: Febre E pelo menos um sinal ou sintoma respiratório (tosse, dificuldade para respirar, batimento das asas nasais entre outros) E histórico de viagem para área com transmissão local, de acordo com a OMS, nos últimos 14 dias anteriores ao aparecimento dos sinais ou sintomas; Situação 2: Febre E pelo menos um sinal ou sintoma respiratório (tosse, dificuldade para respirar, batimento das asas nasais entre outros) E histórico de contato próximo de caso suspeito para o coronavírus (2019-nCoV), nos últimos 14 dias anteriores ao aparecimento dos sinais ou sintomas; Situação 3: Febre OU pelo menos um sinal ou sintoma respiratório (tosse, dificuldade para respirar, batimento das asas nasais entre outros) E contato próximo de caso confirmado de coronavírus (2019-nCoV) em laboratório, nos últimos 14 dias anteriores ao aparecimento dos sinais ou sintomas. Dados sugerem que a transmissão pela 2019-nCoV possa ocorrer mesmo sem o aparecimento de sinais e sintomas. A transmissão pessoapessoa se dá através da via respiratória, por secreções produzidas durante episódios de tosse, espirros e coriza, semelhante à transmissão do vírus da influenza. Não há vacina ou medicamento específico disponível, sendo o tratamento de suporte e inespecífico para a doença respiratória por 2019- nCoV. No entanto, deve-se levar em consideração os demais diagnósticos diferenciais pertinentes e o adequado manejo clínico. Em caso de suspeita para Influenza não retardar o início do tratamento com Fosfato de Oseltamivir, conforme protocolo de tratamento de Influenza, disponível em http://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/publicacoes/protocolo_tratamento_influenza_2017.pdf A vigilância Sanitária de Portos, Aeroportos, Fronteiras e Recintos alfandegados é competência da Anvisa, por tratar-se de território federal. Ao receber comunicado de anormalidade clínica a bordo de aeronave ou embarcação (cruzeiro ou mercante), a Autoridade Sanitária Local ­ ANVISA deverá adotar o fluxo para situações de emergência para Portos, Aeroportos, Fronteiras e Recintos alfandegados estabelecido entre ANVISA e os sistemas de Vigilância e Assistência do Estado de Santa Catarina. O Plano de Contingência da Secretaria de Estado da Saúde de Santa Catarina para a Doença Respiratória de 2019-nCoV visa minimizar o impacto na Saúde Pública provocado pela possível introdução do vírus em território estadual, bem como orientar os profissionais de saúde a identificar os possíveis casos suspeitos e realizar o adequado manejo e as medidas de prevenção e orientação a população em geral.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://portalarquivos2.saude.gov.br/images/pdf/2020/fevereiro/13/PLANO-DE-CONTINGENCIA-novo-coronav--rus-SANTA-CARARINA--EM-REVIS--O.pdf http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/j2gnd
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Dysregulation of lung myeloid cells in COVID-19
AU  - Salomé, Bérengère
AU  - Magen, Assaf
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature reviews. Immunology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41577-020-0303-8
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Management of Patients with Crohn’s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Results of an International Meeting
AU  - Rubin, David T.
AU  - Abreu, Maria T.
AU  - Rai, Victoria
AU  - Siegel, Corey A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Gastroenterology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2020.04.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016508520304650
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Correction to Lancet Infect Dis 2020; published online March 30. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30257-7
AU  - Ruan, Shigui
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30283-8
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1473309920302838 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1473309920302838
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Correction to: Clinical predictors of mortality due to COVID-19 based on an analysis of data of 150 patients from Wuhan, China
AU  - Ruan, Qiurong
AU  - Yang, Kun
AU  - Wang, Wenxia
AU  - Jiang, Lingyu
AU  - Song, Jianxin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Clinical predictors of mortality due to COVID-19 based on an analysis of data of 150 patients from Wuhan, China.
JO  - Intensive Care Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00134-020-06028-z
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00134-020-06028-z
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Challenges and solutions for addressing critical shortage of supply chain for personal and protective equipment (PPE) arising from Coronavirus disease (COVID19) pandemic – Case study from the Republic of Ireland
AU  - Rowan, Neil J.
AU  - Laffey, John G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus (COVID-19) is highly infectious agent that causes fatal respiratory illnesses, which is of great global public health concern. Currently, there is no effective vaccine for tackling this COVID19 pandemic where disease countermeasures rely upon preventing or slowing person-to-person transmission. Specifically, there is increasing efforts to prevent or reduce transmission to front-line healthcare workers (HCW). However, there is growing international concern regarding the shortage in supply chain of critical one-time-use personal and protective equipment (PPE). PPE are heat sensitive and are not, by their manufacturer's design, intended for reprocessing. Most conventional sterilization technologies used in hospitals, or in terminal medical device sterilization providers, cannot effectively reprocess PPE due to the nature and severity of sterilization modalities. Contingency planning for PPE stock shortage is important. Solutions in the Republic of Ireland include use of smart communication channels to improve supply chain, bespoke production of PPE to meets gaps, along with least preferred option, use of sterilization or high-level disinfection for PPE reprocessing. Reprocessing PPE must consider material composition, functionality post treatment, along with appropriate disinfection. Following original manufacturer of PPE and regulatory guidance is important. Technologies deployed in the US, and for deployment in the Republic of Ireland, are eco-friendly, namely vaporised hydrogen peroxide (VHP), such as for filtering facepiece respirators. UV irradiation is also been pursed in Ireland. Safeguarding supply chain of PPE will sustain vital healthcare provision and will help reduce mortality.
JO  - Science of The Total Environment
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 138532-138532
SP  - 138532
EP  - 138532
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138532
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969720320453
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Will plant-made biopharmaceuticals play a role in the fight against COVID-19?
AU  - Rosales-Mendoza, Sergio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - null-null
SP  - null
EP  - null
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/14712598.2020.1752177
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/14712598.2020.1752177
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Grace, connection and hard conversations: Primary care geriatrics in the COVID era
AU  - Robertson, Mariah Lyn
AU  - Colburn, Jessica L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jgs.16471
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.16471
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - CT imaging of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): From the qualitative to quantitative
AU  - Qi, X.
AU  - Lei, J.
AU  - Yu, Q.
AU  - Xi, Y.
AU  - Wang, Y.
AU  - Ju, S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of Translational Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 8
IS  - 5
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.21037/atm.2020.02.91
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L631373314 http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/atm.2020.02.91
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and Urology: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature
AU  - Puliatti, Stefano
AU  - Eissa, Ahmed
AU  - Eissa, Radwa
AU  - Amato, Marco
AU  - Mazzone, Elio
AU  - Dell'Oglio, Paolo
AU  - Sighinolfi, Maria Chiara
AU  - Zoeir, Ahmed
AU  - Micali, Salvatore
AU  - Bianchi, Giampaolo
AU  - Patel, Vipul
AU  - Wiklund, Peter
AU  - Coelho, Rafael F.
AU  - Bernhard, Jean-Christophe
AU  - Dasgupta, Prokar
AU  - Mottrie, Alexandre
AU  - Rocco, Bernardo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Covid-19 pandemic is the newest and biggest global health threat worldwide. Medical and surgical priorities were changed dramatically at the time of this pandemic. Postponement for all outpatient and elective activities to save facilities and resources for urgent cases and Covid-19 patients was adopted by most of hospitals in the affected countries. Over the coming weeks healthcare workers including urologists will be facing increasingly difficult challenges and consequently they should adopt sufficient protection strategies to guard against infection when dealing with COVID-19 patients. In this review we discussed the impact of Covid-19 on global health, urinary tract and uro-oncologic surgeries . Additionally, we reviewed some of the available recommendations reported on oncological surgeries practice during this pandemic.
JO  - BJU international
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/bju.15071
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - CORONA-steps for tracheotomy in COVID-19 patients: a staff-safe method for airway management
AU  - Pichi, Barbara
AU  - Mazzola, Francesco
AU  - Bonsembiante, Anna
AU  - Petruzzi, Gerardo
AU  - Zocchi, Jacopo
AU  - Moretto, Silvia
AU  - De Virgilio, Armando
AU  - Pellini, Raul
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Oral Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 104682-104682
SP  - 104682
EP  - 104682
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oraloncology.2020.104682
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1368837520301184
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Intensive care management of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): challenges and recommendations
AU  - Phua, Jason
AU  - Weng, Li
AU  - Ling, Lowell
AU  - Egi, Moritoki
AU  - Lim, Chae-Man
AU  - Divatia, Jigeeshu Vasishtha
AU  - Shrestha, Babu Raja
AU  - Arabi, Yaseen M.
AU  - Ng, Jensen
AU  - Gomersall, Charles D.
AU  - Nishimura, Masaji
AU  - Koh, Younsuck
AU  - Du, Bin
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - As coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) spreads across the world, the intensive care unit (ICU) community must prepare for the challenges associated with this pandemic. Streamlining of workflows for rapid diagnosis and isolation, clinical management, and infection prevention will matter not only to patients with COVID-19, but also to health-care workers and other patients who are at risk from nosocomial transmission. Management of acute respiratory failure and haemodynamics is key. ICU practitioners, hospital administrators, governments, and policy makers must prepare for a substantial increase in critical care bed capacity, with a focus not just on infrastructure and supplies, but also on staff management. Critical care triage to allow the rationing of scarce ICU resources might be needed. Researchers must address unanswered questions, including the role of repurposed and experimental therapies. Collaboration at the local, regional, national, and international level offers the best chance of survival for the critically ill.
JO  - The Lancet Respiratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30161-2
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30161-2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Special issues on using the MoCA for remote assessment during COVID-19 2
AU  - Phillips, Natalie A.
AU  - Chertkow, Howard
AU  - Pichora-Fuller, M. Kathleen
AU  - Wittich, Walter
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jgs.16469
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.16469
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Development of Reverse Transcription Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification (RT-LAMP) Assays Targeting SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Park, Gun-Soo
AU  - Ku, Keunbon
AU  - Baek, Seung-Hwa
AU  - Kim, Seong-Jun
AU  - Kim, Seung Il
AU  - Kim, Bum-Tae
AU  - Maeng, Jin-Soo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Epidemics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) now have more than 100,000 confirmed cases worldwide. Diagnosis of COVID-19 is currently performed by RT-qPCR methods, but the capacity of RT-qPCR methods is limited by its requirement of high-level facilities and instruments. Here, we developed and evaluated RT-LAMP assays to detect genomic RNA of SARS-CoV-2, the causative virus of COVID-19. RT-LAMP assays in this study can detect as low as 100 copies of SARS-CoV-2 RNA. Cross-reactivity of RT-LAMP assays to other human Coronaviruses was not observed. We also adapted a colorimetric detection method for our RT-LAMP assay so that the tests potentially performed in higher throughput.
JO  - The Journal of Molecular Diagnostics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmoldx.2020.03.006
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1525157820300908
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Parkinson's disease and movement disorders
AU  - Papa, Stella M.
AU  - Brundin, Patrik
AU  - Fung, Victor S. C.
AU  - Kang, Un Jung
AU  - Burn, David J.
AU  - Colosimos, Carlo
AU  - Chiang, Han-Lin
AU  - Alcalay, Roy N.
AU  - Trenkwalder, Claudia
AU  - Committee, the M. D. S. Scientific Issues
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Movement Disorders Clinical Practice
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/mdc3.12953
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/mdc3.12953
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Disease 2019-related dyspnea cases difficult to interpret using chest computed tomography
AU  - Nie, Shuke
AU  - Han, Shoumeng
AU  - Ouyang, Huangqing
AU  - Zhang, Zhan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) often have clinical characteristics, such as chest tightness and dyspnea. Continuous, unresolved dyspnea often indicates the progression of lung lesions. The mechanism that underlies the chest distress and dyspnea in patients with COVID-19 is still unclear. Chest CT has a higher sensitivity and can play an essential role in the diagnosis and treatment of the disease. However, our clinical observations showed that although some patients had significant chest distress and dyspnea, the lesions that were observed in the lungs during computed tomography were milder and not completely consistent with clinical symptoms. We analyzed the clinical characteristics, laboratory test results, and imaging findings of these patients. We found that extensive inflammation of the bilateral and respiratory bronchioles in patients with COVID-19 due to excessive activation of proinflammatory cytokines and chemotactic aggregation of T-lymphocytes at the site of inflammation are possible mechanisms underlying chest distress and dyspnea in patients with COVID-19. Short-time and lose-dose use of corticosteroid may be helpful to treat chest tightness and dyspnea in mild COVID-19 patients. Through this study, we aimed to improve our understanding of the pathogenesis of COVID-19.
JO  - Respiratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 105951-105951
SP  - 105951
EP  - 105951
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rmed.2020.105951
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0954611120300913
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 from veterinary medicine and one health perspectives: What animal coronaviruses have taught us
AU  - Nicola, Decaro
AU  - Vito, Martella
AU  - Saif Linda, J.
AU  - Canio, Buonavoglia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Research in Veterinary Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2020.04.009
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0034528820304720
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Seattle’s covid-19 lessons are yielding hope
AU  - Nelson, Bryn
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The far north western corner of the continental US was hit early and hard. Bryn Nelson reports that the region now appears to be successfully climbing its way out of the epidemic Everything changed in Seattle on 28 February 2020. The metropolitan region of about 3.5 million people in Washington State had already documented the first US case of covid-19 on 20 January in a 35 year old man who had visited his family in Wuhan, China. The patient tested positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and was immediately hospitalised in an isolation unit at Providence Regional Medical Center in Everett, Washington.1 After treatment with remdesivir, the man was released on 3 February. Tracing and monitoring (but not testing) of nearly 70 potential contacts didn’t turn up any signs of covid-19, and state health officials breathed a wary sigh of relief. On 28 February the discovery of two new presumptive cases was announced. The first, a woman in her 50s, had recently returned from South Korea.2 The second, a high school student from a suburb north of Seattle, was identified serendipitously through a research project called the Seattle Flu Study that had shifted course to test for coronavirus.3 The student had no known links to other cases, making him the first apparent case of community covid-19 transmission in the US. The same day, officials at EvergreenHealth hospital in Kirkland, a suburb east of Seattle, dropped another bombshell. The hospital’s infection control team had grown suspicious of two cases in the intensive care unit and sent swab samples to the state laboratory. Ettore Palazzo, …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1389-m1389
SP  - m1389
EP  - m1389
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1389
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1389
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Protocolo de diagnóstico y tratamiento para COVID-19 mediante medicina tradicional china#*
AU  - National Health Committee of the People's Republic of, China
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Revista Internacional de Acupuntura
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.acu.2020.04.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S188783692030017X https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S188783692030017X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Economic sanctions and Iran's capacity to respond to COVID-19
AU  - Murphy, Adrianna
AU  - Abdi, Zhaleh
AU  - Harirchi, Iraj
AU  - McKee, Martin
AU  - Ahmadnezhad, Elham
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - Iran was one of the first countries outside China to have a rapid increase in the number of cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The country's capacity to respond to the virus is substantially impeded by unilateral economic sanctions re-imposed after the US Administration withdrew from the nuclear deal in May, 2018, and further US sanctions imposed as recently as March 18, 2020.1 As of March 31, 2020, the recorded number of people infected from COVID-19 in Iran was 41 495, with 2757 deaths,2 but these numbers are likely a substantial underestimation. Even before COVID-19, Iran's health system was feeling the effect of the sanctions.3 Their impact is now severe because they restrict the government's ability to raise funds or to import essential goods. Of the ten countries with the highest number of recorded cases of COVID-19 to date, Iran is the poorest.2 In 2019, Iran had the lowest rate of economic growth (–9·5%) and highest rate of inflation (35·7%) recorded in the country for the past 20 years. This financial situation makes the funding of adequate prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of COVID-19 impossible, and the country cannot take the same measures adopted in other countries to strengthen responses, such as paying the full cost of obtaining treatment.
JO  - The Lancet Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30083-9
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30083-9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Computational studies of drug repurposing and synergism of lopinavir, oseltamivir and ritonavir binding with SARS-CoV-2 Protease against COVID-19
AU  - Muralidharan, Nisha
AU  - Sakthivel, R.
AU  - Velmurugan, D.
AU  - Gromiha, M. Michael
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a major outbreak in humans all over the world, and it is the latest pandemic in the series of other infectious diseases. The concept of drug repurposing has been used successfully for many years for known diseases. Considering the emergency and urgency, drug repurposing concept is being explored for coronavirus disease (COVID-19) as well. Recently, the combination of three known drugs, lopinavir, oseltamivir and ritonavir has been proposed to control the virulence to a great extent in COVID-19 affected patients within 48 hours. Hence, we tried to understand the effect of synergism of these drugs against the SARS-CoV-2 protease using sequential docking studies. As a result, combination of three drugs showed a better binding energy than that of individual drugs. Further, the complex was subjected to molecular dynamics simulations to get insights into the stability of the complex, considering the simultaneous interactions between three drugs and the protein. The protein complexed with three drugs remained stable during the simulations. Hence, these drugs can be explored further for drug repurposing against the successful inhibition of COVID-19.
JO  - Journal of biomolecular structure & dynamics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-7
SP  - 1
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/07391102.2020.1752802
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Any possible role of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors in the treatment of severe COVID19 infections? A lesson from urology
AU  - Moro, Fabrizio Dal
AU  - Livi, Ugolino
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical Immunology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 108414-108414
SP  - 108414
EP  - 108414
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clim.2020.108414
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1521661620302382
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Annual review of virology seasonality of respiratory viral infections
AU  - Moriyama, M.
AU  - Hugentobler, W. J.
AU  - Iwasaki, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The seasonal cycle of respiratory viral diseases has been widely recognized for thousands of years, as annual epidemics of the common cold and influenza disease hit the human population like clockwork in the winter season in temperate regions. Moreover, epidemics caused by viruses such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and the newly emerging SARS-CoV-2 occur during the winter months. The mechanisms underlying the seasonal nature of respiratory viral infections have been examined and debated for many years. The two major contributing factors are the changes in environmental parameters and human behavior. Studies have revealed the effect of temperature and humidity on respiratory virus stability and transmission rates. More recent research highlights the importance of the environmental factors, especially temperature and humidity, in modulating host intrinsic, innate, and adaptive immune responses to viral infections in the respiratory tract. Here we review evidence of how outdoor and indoor climates are linked to the seasonality of viral respiratory infections. We further discuss determinants of host response in the seasonality of respiratory viruses by highlighting recent studies in the field.
JO  - Annual Review of Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 7
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1146/annurev-virology-012420-022445
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L631328493 http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-virology-012420-022445
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Fighting COVID-19 exhausts T cells
AU  - Moon, Chang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature reviews. Immunology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41577-020-0304-7
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preventing COVID-19-induced pneumonia with anticytokine therapy
AU  - Monteleone, Giovanni
AU  - Sarzi-Puttini, Pier Carlo
AU  - Ardizzone, Sandro
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - Immune-mediated disorders are a group of disabling conditions that affect millions of individuals worldwide.1 These pathologies include, but are not limited to, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and inflammatory bowel diseases. Each of these diseases has a unique epidemiology and pathophysiology, despite sharing several pathways of tissue damage, which rely on an excessive cytokine response. Indeed, cytokine blockers, such as infliximab, adalimumab (anti-tumor necrosis factor [TNF]), and ustekinumab (anti-interleukin [IL]-12/IL-23 [p40 subunit]), used for the treatment of psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammatory bowel diseases, are used with success for inducing and maintaining remission. Unfortunately, however, the use of these therapies enhances the risk of bacterial and viral infections, and of viral reactivation in cases with previous viral infection.2 With the recent emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the increasing incidence of associated coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in countries where immune-mediated disorders are frequent, the use of these drugs poses major challenges for clinicians. Studies so far suggest that most patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 remain asymptomatic or develop mild symptoms, but approximately 15–20% of patients develop severe respiratory distress syndrome or septic shock.3
JO  - The Lancet Rheumatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2665-9913(20)30092-8
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2665-9913(20)30092-8
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - An Analysis of Spatiotemporal Pattern for COIVD-19 in China based on Space-Time Cube
AU  - Mo, Chunbao
AU  - Tan, Dechan
AU  - Mai, Tingyu
AU  - Bei, Chunhua
AU  - Qin, Jian
AU  - Pang, Weiyi
AU  - Zhang, Zhiyong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This study seeks to examine and analyze the spatial and temporal patterns of COVID-19 outbreaks and identify the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics and changing trends of cases. Hence, local outlier analysis and emerging spatiotemporal hot spot analysis were performed to analyze the spatiotemporal clustering pattern and cold\hot spot trends of COVID-19 cases based on space-time cube during the period from January 23, 2020 to February 24, 2020. The main findings are as follows. 1) The outbreak had spread rapidly throughout the country within a short time and the current totality incidence rate has decreased. 2) The spatiotemporal distribution of cases was uneven. In terms of the spatiotemporal clustering pattern, Wuhan and Shiyan city were the center as both cities had high-high clustering pattern with a surrounding unstable multiple type pattern in partial areas of Henan, Anhui, Jiangxi, and Hunan provinces, and Chongqing city. Those regions are continuously in the hot spot on the spatiotemporal tendency. 3) The spatiotemporal analysis technology based on the space-time cube can analyze comprehensively the spatiotemporal pattern of epidemiological data and produce a visual output of the consequences, which can reflect intuitively the distribution and trend of data in space-time. Therefore, the Chinese government should strengthen the prevention and control efforts in a targeted manner to cope with a highly changeable situation. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25834
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The COVID-19 (Coronavirus) Pandemic: Reflections on the Roles of Librarians and Information Professionals
AU  - Ali, Muhammad Yousuf
AU  - Gatiti, Peter
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract This Regular Feature explores the role of health science librarians in the coronavirus pandemic. COVID-19 has spread rapidly all over the world. All major cities around the globe are in lockdown. In Pakistan the first case was diagnosed on 26 Feb 2020 and currently there are more than 1500 diagnosed cases and 12 deaths. Across the country there are a further 12,000 suspected cases. This will undoubtedly increase if precautionary measures are not taken. Pakistani universities, colleges and schools were in lockdown. The role of university librarians in this emergency included raising awareness through public health education, providing support to medical staff, researchers and providing ongoing, traditional services to regular library patrons in Pakistan. The Regular Feature also provides links to useful resources.
JO  - Health Information & Libraries Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/hir.12307
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/hir.12307
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Awake tracheal intubation in a suspected COVID-19 patient with critical airway obstruction
AU  - Ahmad, I.
AU  - Wade, S.
AU  - Langdon, A.
AU  - Chamarette, H.
AU  - Walsh, M.
AU  - Surda, P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Summary We report the airway management of a patient suspected of being COVID-19 positive with impending airway obstruction requiring urgent surgical tracheostomy. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of an awake tracheal intubation in a suspected COVID-19 positive patient. Various modifications were put in place during the awake tracheal intubation and surgical tracheostomy procedures to minimise aerosol generation from the patient, such as avoiding high flow nasal oxygen, establishing conscious sedation with remifentanil prior to commencing airway topicalisation and avoiding trans-tracheal local anaesthetic infiltration. A multidisciplinary team discussion prior to performing the case highlighted aspects of both the airway management and the surgical procedure where particular care and modifications are required. There is a lack of national guidance for awake tracheal intubation and tracheostomy in COVID-19 cases. This report nevertheless addresses the key procedural modifications required.
JO  - Anaesthesia Reports
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/anr3.12041
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/anr3.12041
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19 pandemic: a public and global mental health opportunity for social transformation?
AU  - Ahmad, Ayesha
AU  - Mueller, Christoph
AU  - Tsamakis, Konstantinos
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We know from analysing conflict and post-conflict transitions that such crises can pose as an opportunity for social transformation.1 Given the humanitarian challenges of the ongoing pandemic, we think that covid-19 needs a public mental health focus. Covid-19 is the first major pandemic of our generation,2 and we must seek the hidden opportunities to …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1383-m1383
SP  - m1383
EP  - m1383
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1383
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1383
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Antiviral Agents: Discovery to Resistance
AU  - Adamson, Catherine S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In the midst of the SARS-CoV-2/Covid-19 outbreak the need for research into, and development of, antiviral agents is brought into sharp focus worldwide for scientists, governments and the public alike [...]
JO  - Viruses 2020, Vol. 12, Page 406
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 12
IS  - 4
PG  - 406-406
SP  - 406
EP  - 406
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/V12040406
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Did pangolins help spread SARS-CoV-2?
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since the novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, was first detected late last year, researchers have been trying to understand how the virus passed to humans in the first place. Although bats are thought to be the origin of the virus, bat coronaviruses differ from SARS-CoV-2 in some key ways. In particular, the spike proteins, which bind to receptors on the surface of cells to gain access, are different in the two viruses. Authorities in China quickly shut down a market linked to the outbreak. Closing the market prevented researchers from examining the animals sold there for coronaviruses. So a team led by Yan-Ling Hu of Guangxi Medical University and Yi Guan of the University of Hong Kong turned to a small number of pangolins—also called scaly anteaters—seized in antismuggling raids in 2017 and 2018. The team found that coronavirus RNA isolated from those pangolins encodes spike proteins that are closely related to ... [truncated ]
JO  - C&EN Global Enterprise
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 98
IS  - 13
PG  - 8-8
SP  - 8
EP  - 8
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1021/cen-09813-scicon7
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-09813-scicon7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - US Stimulus funds research
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A $2 trillion stimulus package to address the economic impact of the coronavirus pandemic, the largest stimulus in US history, was passed by the US Congress and signed by President Donald J. Trump. Science agencies throughout the federal government received research funding in the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act. This funding for research on COVID-19—the disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus—is on top of an $8.3 billion package passed in early March. “This is a much-needed infusion of funding that will advance COVID-19 research already underway at public universities and elsewhere,” Peter McPherson, president of the Association of Public and Land-grant Universities, says in a statement. But universities, which have largely moved classes online and closed labs not doing COVID-19 work, had hoped for more support. Congress is already discussing another stimulus bill. The National Institutes of Health is the largest recipient of research funding, at $945 ... [truncated]
JO  - C&EN Global Enterprise
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 98
IS  - 13
PG  - 14-14
SP  - 14
EP  - 14
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1021/cen-09813-polcon1
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-09813-polcon1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - What could remdesivir data tell us about tackling COVID-19?
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In the coming weeks, the world will get a sense of whether Gilead Sciences’ remdesivir, an antiviral developed for Ebola, is useful against the novel coronavirus. With the coronavirus pandemic spiraling—during the week of March 30, worldwide infections crossed 900,000 and deaths exceeded 45,000—initial results emerging from several late-stage studies will be under the microscope. But infectious disease experts on the front lines warn that the data are unlikely to clearly answer the question of whether remdesivir works in COVID-19, the respiratory illness caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Those first tests are in the sickest, hardest-to-treat patients. Moreover, antivirals don’t have a great track record at taking down coronaviruses, which can be a little more sophisticated than your average RNA virus. Still, some industry watchers hope the studies signal enough success to convince the US Food and Drug Administration to approve Gilead’s experimental drug. When a new infectious disease threatens ...
JO  - C&EN Global Enterprise
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 98
IS  - 13
PG  - 26-27
SP  - 26
EP  - 27
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1021/cen-09813-feature4
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-09813-feature4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Grad students on COVID-19’s impact
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - With COVID-19 causing university closures around the world, we wondered how graduate students are holding up. Here are some of their stories, in their own words. A disorienting orientation Aaron Perez, prospective grad student I finally did it! After 2 years of applying to different chemical engineering graduate programs, I was admitted to a university, and it invited me to attend its on-campus orientation. Little did I know that COVID-19 would impact the entire trip. Before accepting the invitation, I asked the graduate adviser if it was safe to travel to that state. The response I got was “Yes, we don’t have any cases here.” Although I was worried, I decided to pack my bags and travel to the university. I knew from the beginning that this trip would be chaotic. First, my flight was delayed for more than 3 h for additional temperature screenings. Second, several students canceled their
JO  - C&EN Global Enterprise
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 98
IS  - 13
PG  - 20-23
SP  - 20
EP  - 23
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1021/cen-09813-feature2
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-09813-feature2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Reagents hold up European COVID-19 tests
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Politicians in the UK and the Netherlands claim that delays in the rollout of COVID-19 testing are because of a shortage of reagents—typically enzymes and buffers—used in antigen tests to determine the presence of the coronavirus that causes COVID-19. Politicians in the Netherlands have accused Roche of withholding the latest chemical formula for a buffer used in its polymerase chain reaction–based COVID-19 tests. And Dutch media outlets say Roche is keeping reagents for its tests within its home country of Switzerland. The company tells C&EN that it is doing all it can to provide COVID-19 test kits, as well as the required reagents, in Europe and beyond. In the UK, “a critical constraint on the ability to rapidly increase testing capacity is the availability of the chemical reagents,” UK government minister Michael Gove told journalists March 31. UK politicians are under scrutiny because the country’s testing lags Germany’s as well
JO  - C&EN Global Enterprise
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 98
IS  - 13
PG  - 11-11
SP  - 11
EP  - 11
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1021/cen-09813-buscon3
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-09813-buscon3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 to delay clinical trials
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Big drug companies and biotech firms are working overtime on therapies and vaccines aimed at stopping COVID-19, the disease caused by the novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2. At the same time, these companies are struggling, amid social distancing and the diversion of clinical resources, to keep clinical trials going for the rest of their therapeutic pipelines. Eli Lilly and Company’s stated strategy is typical of big pharma. The firm says it will delay the start of most new studies and pause enrollment in most ongoing ones. Lilly will continue clinical trials for people who are already enrolled. “By delaying most new study starts and pausing enrollment of new patients or healthy volunteers in most ongoing studies, we hope to ease the burden on participating healthcare facilities and allow physicians to focus more of their efforts on combatting COVID-19,” Tim Garnett, Lilly’s chief medical officer, says in a statement. “We will maintain ongoing
JO  - C&EN Global Enterprise
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 98
IS  - 13
PG  - 11-11
SP  - 11
EP  - 11
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1021/cen-09813-buscon2
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-09813-buscon2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - J&J, BARDA advance coronavirus vaccine
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Johnson & Johnson says it has identified a lead vaccine candidate for the new coronavirus that it will develop in partnership with the US Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA). J&J began developing the vaccine in January, as soon as the virus’s sequence became available. The firm says it and BARDA are willing to spend more than $1 billion to get the adenoviral vaccine into human clinical studies by September and available for emergency use in early 2021.
JO  - C&EN Global Enterprise
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 98
IS  - 13
PG  - 13-13
SP  - 13
EP  - 13
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1021/cen-09813-buscon17
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-09813-buscon17
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Sanofi adds new virus to vaccine pact
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Sanofi's vaccine business Translate Bio will work together to develop an mRNA vaccine for the novel coronavirus. The collaboration will build on a 2018 pact in which Sanofi paid Translate $45 million to develop up to five mRNA vaccines for infectious diseases. For Sanofi, one of the world’s leading vaccine makers, the agreement complements a collaboration it formed in February with the US Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority to develop a cell-based vaccine against the virus.
JO  - C&EN Global Enterprise
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 98
IS  - 13
PG  - 13-13
SP  - 13
EP  - 13
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1021/cen-09813-buscon16
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-09813-buscon16
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Drugmakers connect with Gates Foundation
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Fifteen pharmaceutical and life sciences companies will work with the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation to accelerate the development of vaccines, diagnostics, and treatments for COVID-19. The group will share proprietary compound libraries, along with safety and activity data, with the COVID-19 Therapeutics Accelerator, an effort the foundation launched last month with Wellcome and Mastercard. The 15 firms are also involved in other partnerships to develop COVID-19 therapies.
JO  - C&EN Global Enterprise
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 98
IS  - 13
PG  - 13-13
SP  - 13
EP  - 13
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1021/cen-09813-buscon14
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-09813-buscon14
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Patient Handout: Managing the Stress of the Covid-19 Pandemic
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Oncology Times
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 42
IS  - 7
PG  - 9
SP  - 9
EP  - 
AN  - 00130989-202004050-00006
DO  - 10.1097/01.Cot.0000660220.29383.61
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/oncology-times/Fulltext/2020/04050/Patient_Handout__Managing_the_Stress_of_the.6.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-Coronavirus-2
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00103-020-03134-7
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00103-020-03134-7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2: the Lombardy scenario in numbers
AU  - Molinari, Andrea
AU  - Pistoia, Federico
AU  - Antonelli, Giuditta
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/ice.2020.115
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/sarscov2-the-lombardy-scenario-in-numbers/857DCDEA70A5FAEA06F2744F6C886541
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A global needs assessment in times of a global crisis: world psychiatry response to the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Kaufman, Kenneth R.
AU  - Petkova, Eva
AU  - Bhui, Kamaldeep S.
AU  - Schulze, Thomas G.
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BJPsych Open
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-11
SP  - 1
EP  - 11
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1192/bjo.2020.25
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/global-needs-assessment-in-times-of-a-global-crisis-world-psychiatry-response-to-the-covid19-pandemic/F2A31DDE791C2DC73FC7F517337FB61E
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: From Epidemic to Pandemic
AU  - James, James J.
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-5
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/dmp.2020.84
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/covid19-from-epidemic-to-pandemic/724458D7503173B16E334BE5B8C19469
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Adaptation of the National Plan for the Prevention and Fight Against Pandemic Influenza to the 2020 COVID-19 epidemic in France
AU  - Ghanchi, A.
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - On Tuesday 17th March 2020 at noon, France became the third European country to impose a nationwide containment policy in the fight against epidemic COVID-19 viral infection. Announcing that the country was at “war”, President Macron called upon all to play a role in mitigating against further development of contagion. This extreme measure never seen before during peace time was the result of adapting not only the French Pandemic Influenza Plan (PIP) being applied to the national context but also real-time clinical, epidemiological and scientific information about the evolution of COVID-19 infection in the country. The situation was further complicated by local municipal elections and political agendas by populist opinions. Despite mass communication about the importance of individual behavioral attitudes to counter disease propagation, few heeded government advice. Consequently, the situation rapidly deteriorated with increasing number of cases that started to overwhelm health services. As a result, decisive and immediate action was taken by the State for the national public health interest. This report from the field details the timely events which contributed to this extreme policy decision taken by France. A policy decision which other western democracies have since applied as the pandemic disseminated across the globe.
JO  - Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-9
SP  - 1
EP  - 9
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/dmp.2020.82
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/adaptation-of-the-national-plan-for-the-prevention-and-fight-against-pandemic-influenza-to-the-2020-covid19-epidemic-in-france/52E7FE3C85DEC1C5CB097CF3297D2E3D
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Is there a guarantee that the crisis of Covid-19 will not be repeated?
AU  - Farnoosh, Gholamreza
AU  - Zarei, Sadegh
AU  - Hosseini Zijoud, Solmaz Sadat
AU  - Hosseini Zijoud, Seyed Reza
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/dmp.2020.83
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/is-there-a-guarantee-that-the-crisis-of-covid19-will-not-be-repeated/262B31BE0C03D462EC98237C28AB39B2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Urban Intelligence for Pandemic Response: Viewpoint
AU  - Yuan, Lai
AU  - Yeung, Wesley
AU  - Celi, Leo Anthony
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - UNSTRUCTURED: Previous epidemic management research proves the importance of city-level information, but also highlights limited expertise in urban data applications during a pandemic outbreak. In this paper, we provide an overview of city-level information, in combination with analytical and operational capacity, that define urban intelligence for supporting response to disease outbreaks. We present five components (movement, facilities, people, information, engagement) that have been previously investigated but remain siloed to successfully orchestrate an integrated pandemic response. Reflecting on the COVID-19 outbreak that was first identified in Wuhan, China, we discuss the opportunities, technical challenges, and foreseeable controversies for deploying urban intelligence during a pandemic. Finally, we emphasize the urgency of building urban intelligence through cross-disciplinary research and collaborative practice at the global scale.
JO  - JMIR Public Health Surveill
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32248145
DO  - 10.2196/18873
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Understanding the "Scope" of the Problem: Why Laparoscopy is Considered Safe During the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Morris, Stephanie N.
AU  - Fader, Amanda Nickles
AU  - Milad, Magdy P.
AU  - Dionisi, Humberto J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Minim Invasive Gynecol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32247882
DO  - 10.1016/j.jmig.2020.04.002
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cleveland Clinic Akron General Urology Residency Program's COVID-19 Experience
AU  - Vargo, Ethan
AU  - Ali, Marwan
AU  - Henry, Fabrice
AU  - Kmetz, Daniel
AU  - Krishnan, Jayram
AU  - Bologna, Raymond
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The current COVID-19 pandemic has proposed challenges to urology residency programs all over the nation, resulting in alterations in surgical volumes and academic curriculums. In this review, we propose a structured academic outline allowing for the preservation of the academic vitality. Additionally, we offer a model that optimizes resident coverage at hospitals, the preservation of surgical skills, and the designation of daily reserves as the pandemic worsens. RECENT FINDINGS: Currently, there is no structured framework for urology residency programs to adhere to in the face of a global pandemic or natural disaster. Urologic surgical emergencies arise and exceptional urologic care must continue to be provided. Despite lower surgical volumes and the inability for teams to meet in person, there are still robust opportunities for urologic surgical residents and faculty to maintain their surgical skills and mental sharpness. Changes within the medical field are already beginning to take shape, especially related to telehealth and virtual learning. SUMMARY: While each urology residency program is comprised of a different number of residents and hospitals, we propose a framework which serves to maintain a urology program's academic atmosphere and surgical talent in the face of the current pandemic or future natural disaster.
JO  - Urology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32247725
DO  - 10.1016/j.urology.2020.04.001
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Global interim guidance on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during pregnancy and puerperium from FIGO and allied partners: Information for healthcare professionals
AU  - Poon, Liona C.
AU  - Yang, Huixia
AU  - Kapur, Anil
AU  - Melamed, Nir
AU  - Dao, Blami
AU  - Divakar, Hema
AU  - David McIntyre, H.
AU  - Kihara, Anne B.
AU  - Ayres-de-Campos, Diogo
AU  - Ferrazzi, Enrico M.
AU  - Carlo Di Renzo, Gian
AU  - Hod, Moshe
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In response to the World Health Organization (WHO) statements and international concerns regarding the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, FIGO has issued the following guidance for the management of pregnant women at the four main settings of pregnancy: (1) ambulatory antenatal care in the outpatient clinics; (2) management in the setting of the obstetrical triage; (3) intrapartum management; and (4) postpartum management and neonatal care. We also provide guidance on the medical treatment of pregnant women with COVID-19 infection.
JO  - Int J Gynaecol Obstet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32248521
DO  - 10.1002/ijgo.13156
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Call for Randomized Controlled Trials to Test the Efficacy of Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine as Therapeutics against Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)
AU  - Keshtkar-Jahromi, Maryam
AU  - Bavari, Sina
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.
JO  - Am J Trop Med Hyg
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32247318
DO  - 10.4269/ajtmh.20-0230
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Early Lessons on the Importance of Lung Imaging in Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)
AU  - Dondorp, Arjen M.
AU  - Schultz, Marcus J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Early Lessons on the Importance of Lung Imaging in Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19).
JO  - Am J Trop Med Hyg
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32247317
DO  - 10.4269/ajtmh.20-0225
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Protecting healthcare workers from SARS-CoV-2 infection: practical indications
AU  - Ferioli, Martina
AU  - Cisternino, Cecilia
AU  - Leo, Valentina
AU  - Pisani, Lara
AU  - Palange, Paolo
AU  - Nava, Stefano
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The World Health Organization has recently defined the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection a pandemic. The infection, that may cause a potentially very severe respiratory disease, now called coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has airborne transmission via droplets. The rate of transmission is quite high, higher than common influenza. Healthcare workers are at high risk of contracting the infection particularly when applying respiratory devices such as oxygen cannulas or noninvasive ventilation. The aim of this article is to provide evidence-based recommendations for the correct use of "respiratory devices" in the COVID-19 emergency and protect healthcare workers from contracting the SARS-CoV-2 infection.
JO  - Eur Respir Rev
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32248146
DO  - 10.1183/16000617.0068-2020
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 新冠病毒的挑戰與因應
AU  - 周婉玲
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 諮商與輔導
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 411
PG  - ii-ii
SP  - ii
EP  - ii
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 新型冠狀病毒肺炎之傳染，短期間內對航運業界造成之衝擊，與應對善處之道
AU  - 謝晚媖
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 航貿週刊
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 202007
PG  - 23-25
SP  - 23
EP  - 25
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 新冠病毒害怕高溫－禪定專注間腦　可提升體溫、抵抗病毒
AU  - 黃金龍
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 禪天下
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 180
PG  - 42-47
SP  - 42
EP  - 47
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - ISUOG Safety Committee Position Statement on use of personal protective equipment and hazard mitigation in relation to SARS-CoV-2 for practitioners undertaking obstetric and gynecological ultrasound
AU  - Abramowicz, J. S.
AU  - Basseal, J. M.
AU  - Brezinka, C.
AU  - Dall'Asta, A.
AU  - Deng, J.
AU  - Harrison, G.
AU  - Lee, J. C. S.
AU  - Lim, A.
AU  - Maršal, K.
AU  - Miloro, P.
AU  - Poon, L. C.
AU  - Salvesen, K. Å
AU  - Sande, R.
AU  - Ter Haar, G.
AU  - Westerway, S. C.
AU  - Xie, M. X.
AU  - Lees, C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/uog.22035
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Lung Involvement Found on Chest CT Scan in a Pre-Symptomatic Person with SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Case Report
AU  - Asadollahi-Amin, Ali
AU  - Hasibi, Mehrdad
AU  - Ghadimi, Fatemeh
AU  - Rezaei, Hosnieh
AU  - SeyedAlinaghi, SeyedAhmad
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 infection is spreading worldwide, and there are many reports of acute respiratory distress syndrome caused by this infection. However, asymptomatic lung involvement has not been reported. We hereby present the case of a 44-year-old health-care worker, who was found to be infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus after a CT-scan performed for an unrelated condition revealed a lesion in the lung field compatible with COVID-19 infection. His condition deteriorated initially, but eventually improved with supportive treatment and the compassionate use of antivirals and antimalarials and is now in a stable condition.
JO  - Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease 2020, Vol. 5, Page 56
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 5
IS  - 2
PG  - 56-56
SP  - 56
EP  - 56
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/TROPICALMED5020056
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and Iran: swimming with hands tied!
AU  - Gharebaghi, Reza
AU  - Heidary, Fatemeh
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Swiss medical weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 150
IS  - 
PG  - w20242-w20242
SP  - w20242
EP  - w20242
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4414/smw.2020.20242
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Considerations for the Competitive Athlete
AU  - Toresdahl, Brett G.
AU  - Asif, Irfan M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Sports Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1941738120918876-1941738120918876
SP  - 1941738120918876
EP  - 1941738120918876
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/1941738120918876
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1177/1941738120918876
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recomendacones De La Sociedad Española De Otorrinolaringología Y Cirugía De Cabeza Y Cuello Para La Realización De Traqueotomías En Relación a Pacientes Infectados Por Coronavirus Covid-19
AU  - William, I. Wei W. I.
AU  - H. Tuen H.H, Ng R. W. M.
AU  - Lai Kun Lam, Safe
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Resumen La reciente pandemia por coronavirus COVID-19 está incrementando el número de pacientes que, debido a su situación ventilatoria pulmonar, pueden requerir de intubación orotraqueal. La infección por coronavirus COVID-19 ha demostrado una alta tasa de transmisibilidad, sobre todo por vía respiratoria y por dispersión de microgotas. La Sociedad Española de Otorrinolaringología y Cirugía de Cabeza y Cuello, basándose en el artículo de Wei et al. de 2003 en relación con las traqueotomías realizadas por el síndrome respiratorio agudo grave, realiza una serie de recomendaciones para la realización segura de las traqueotomías. The recent COVID-19 (coronavirus) pandemic is causing an increase in the number of patients who, due to their pulmonary ventilatory status, may require orotracheal intubation. COVID-19 infection has demonstrated a high rate of transmissibility, especially via the respiratory tract and by droplet spread. The Spanish Society of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, based on the article by Wei et al. of 2003 regarding tracheotomies performed due to severe acute respiratory syndrome, has made a series of recommendations for the safe performance of tracheotomies.
JO  - Sociedad Española De Otorrinolaringología Y Cirugía De Cabeza Y Cuello
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 5-7
SP  - 5
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.otorri.2020.03.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S000165192030042X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - An orally bioavailable broad-spectrum antiviral inhibits SARS-CoV-2 in human airway epithelial cell cultures and multiple coronaviruses in mice
AU  - Sheahan, Timothy P.
AU  - Sims, Amy C.
AU  - Zhou, Shuntai
AU  - Graham, Rachel L.
AU  - Pruijssers, Andrea J.
AU  - Agostini, Maria L.
AU  - Leist, Sarah R.
AU  - Schäfer, Alexandra
AU  - Dinnon, Kenneth H., 3rd
AU  - Stevens, Laura J.
AU  - Chappell, James D.
AU  - Lu, Xiaotao
AU  - Hughes, Tia M.
AU  - George, Amelia S.
AU  - Hill, Collin S.
AU  - Montgomery, Stephanie A.
AU  - Brown, Ariane J.
AU  - Bluemling, Gregory R.
AU  - Natchus, Michael G.
AU  - Saindane, Manohar
AU  - Kolykhalov, Alexander A.
AU  - Painter, George
AU  - Harcourt, Jennifer
AU  - Tamin, Azaibi
AU  - Thornburg, Natalie J.
AU  - Swanstrom, Ronald
AU  - Denison, Mark R.
AU  - Baric, Ralph S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronaviruses (CoVs) traffic frequently between species resulting in novel disease outbreaks, most recently exemplified by the newly emerged SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19. Herein, we show that the ribonucleoside analog β-D-N(4)-hydroxycytidine (NHC, EIDD-1931) has broad spectrum antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2, MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV, and related zoonotic group 2b or 2c Bat-CoVs, as well as increased potency against a coronavirus bearing resistance mutations to the nucleoside analog inhibitor remdesivir. In mice infected with SARS-CoV or MERS-CoV, both prophylactic and therapeutic administration of EIDD-2801, an orally bioavailable NHC-prodrug (β-D-N(4)-hydroxycytidine-5'-isopropyl ester), improved pulmonary function, and reduced virus titer and body weight loss. Decreased MERS-CoV yields in vitro and in vivo were associated with increased transition mutation frequency in viral but not host cell RNA, supporting a mechanism of lethal mutagenesis in CoV. The potency of NHC/EIDD-2801 against multiple coronaviruses and oral bioavailability highlight its potential utility as an effective antiviral against SARS-CoV-2 and other future zoonotic coronaviruses.
JO  - Science translational medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/scitranslmed.abb5883
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Former FDA leaders decry emergency authorization of malaria drugs for coronavirus
AU  - Piller, Charles
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The recent Food and Drug Administration (FDA) emergency use authorization (EUA) for two malaria drugs to treat COVID-19, based on thin evidence of efficacy, has jeopardized research to learn the drugs’ real value against the pandemic coronavirus, say former agency executives under President Donald Trump and former President Barack Obama. They also charge that the 28 March EUA for chloroquine phosphate and hydroxychloroquine sulfate undermines FDA’s scientific authority because it appeared to be a response not to scientific evidence, but to fervent advocacy of the drugs by Trump and other political figures. FDA has multiple mechanisms to allow the use of unapproved, experimental drugs for small numbers of desperately ill patients outside of clinical trials. Because chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine are approved for malaria, doctors could prescribe them “off label” for COVID-19 patients even without the EUA. Since Trump first endorsed the drugs on 19 March, however, shortages have been reported, depriving some people with autoimmune disorders such as lupus who also depend on hydroxychloroquine. The EUA will immediately add tens of millions of doses of the drugs for distribution to hospitalized COVID-19 patients through health care centers.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abc1337
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/04/former-fda-leaders-decry-emergency-authorization-malaria-drugs-coronavirus#
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - South Africa hopes its battle with HIV and TB helped prepare it for COVID-19
AU  - Nordling, Linda
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As the COVID-19 pandemic sweeps into South Africa, the decades the country has spent fighting the world’s worst combined epidemic of tuberculosis (TB) and HIV could give it an advantage. But those infections could also worsen the pandemic’s impact. By 6 April, South Africa had 1686 confirmed COVID-19 infections, the highest number on the continent—and that is almost certainly an undercount. At the same time, one in every five people aged 15 to 49 is HIV positive and two to three people die every hour from TB. South African scientists hope the resources and health networks built to fight those diseases will help them battle the new pandemic. “The COVID-19 response draws on the same skills as TB and HIV,” says Gavin Churchyard, director of the Aurum Institute, a Johannesburg-based research and health care nonprofit.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abc1253
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/04/south-africa-hopes-its-battle-hiv-and-tb-helped-prepare-it-covid-19
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Trials of drugs to prevent coronavirus infection begin in health care workers
AU  - Kupferschmidt, Kai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - When malaria researcher Nicholas White saw coronavirus infections picking up around the world 2 months ago, he immediately thought of the impact they could have on poorer countries. “In fragile health care systems, if you start knocking out a few nurses and doctors, the whole thing can collapse,” says White, who is based at Mahidol University in Bangkok. “So we realized that the priority would be to protect them.” White and his colleagues at the Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit wondered whether widely available drugs could help. They have designed a trial in which 40,000 doctors and nurses in Asia, Africa, and Europe will prophylactically receive chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine, two old drugs against malaria. White hopes the trial will start this month, but its launch has been “incredibly difficult because of bureaucratic processes,” he says
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abc1089
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/04/trials-drugs-prevent-coronavirus-infection-begin-health-care-workers
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Unprecedented nationwide blood studies seek to track U.S. coronavirus spread
AU  - Cohen, Jon
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We still don’t know how many people have been infected with the novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2. Not only have countries struggled to roll out wide-scale testing for the virus, those efforts inevitably will miss people who have recovered from an infection. The best way to figure out how far and wide the virus has spread in a population is to look at blood. Antibodies, blood proteins that the immune system produces to attack pathogens, are viral fingerprints that remain long after infections are cleared. Sensitive tests can detect them even in people who never felt a single symptom of COVID-19. The World Health Organization has announced an ambitious global effort, called Solidarity II, of so-called serosurveys, studies that look for antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in the population.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abc1319
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/04/unprecedented-nationwide-blood-studies-seek-track-us-coronavirus-spread
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Tabagisme et maladie à coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19)
AU  - Underner, M.
AU  - Peiffer, G.
AU  - Perriot, J.
AU  - Jaafari, N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Revue des Maladies Respiratoires
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rmr.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0761842520301066
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19 con afectación pulmonar. Una enfermedad autoinmune de causa conocida
AU  - Fernandez-Gutierrez, Benjamin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Reumatología Clínica
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reuma.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1699258X2030070X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Being rational about health: the pandemic’s long-term silver lining?
AU  - de Grey, Aubrey D. N. J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - n/a
JO  - Rejuvenation Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - rej.2020.2336-rej.2020.2336
SP  - rej.2020.2336
EP  - rej.2020.2336
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1089/rej.2020.2336
UR  - https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/rej.2020.2336
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Bracing for impact with new 4R’s in the COVID-19 pandemic- a provincial thoracic radiation oncology consensus
AU  - Rathod, Shrinivas
AU  - Dubey, Arbind
AU  - Bashir, Bashir
AU  - Sivananthan, Gokulan
AU  - Leylek, Ahmet
AU  - Chowdhury, Amitava
AU  - Koul, Rashmi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As COVID-19 pandemic continues to explode, cancer centers worldwide are trying to adapt and are struggling with this constantly changing scenario. Intending to ensure patient safety and deliver quality care, we sought consensus on the preferred thoracic radiation regimen in a Canadian province with 4 new R’s of COVID era.
JO  - Radiotherapy and Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radonc.2020.03.045
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167814020301791
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Role of Chest Imaging in Patient Management during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Multinational Consensus Statement from the Fleischner Society
AU  - Rubin, Geoffrey D.
AU  - Haramati, Linda B.
AU  - Kanne, Jeffrey P.
AU  - Schluger, Neil W.
AU  - Yim, Jae-Joon
AU  - Anderson, Deverick J.
AU  - Altes, Talissa
AU  - Desai, Sujal R.
AU  - Goo, Jin Mo
AU  - Inoue, Yoshikazu
AU  - Luo, Fengming
AU  - Prokop, Mathias
AU  - Richeldi, Luca
AU  - Tomiyama, Noriyuki
AU  - Leung, Ann N.
AU  - Ryerson, Christopher J.
AU  - Sverzellati, Nicola
AU  - Raoof, Suhail
AU  - Volpi, Annalisa
AU  - Martin, Ian B. K.
AU  - Kong, Christina
AU  - Bush, Andrew
AU  - Goldin, Jonathan
AU  - Humbert, Marc
AU  - Kauczor, Hans-Ulrich
AU  - Mazzone, Peter J.
AU  - Remy-Jardin, Martine
AU  - Schaefer-Prokop, Cornelia M.
AU  - Wells, Athol U.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - With more than 900,000 confirmed cases worldwide and nearly 50,000 deaths during the first three months of 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic has emerged as an unprecedented healthcare crisis. The spread of COVID-19 has been heterogeneous, resulting in some regions having sporadic transmission and relatively few hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and others having community transmission that has led to overwhelming numbers of severe cases. For these regions, healthcare delivery has been disrupted and compromised by critical resource constraints in diagnostic testing, hospital beds, ventilators, and healthcare workers who have fallen ill to the virus exacerbated by shortages of personal protective equipment. While mild cases mimic common upper respiratory viral infections, respiratory dysfunction becomes the principal source of morbidity and mortality as the disease advances. Thoracic imaging with chest radiography (CXR) and computed tomography (CT) are key tools for pulmonary disease diagnosis and management, but their role in the management of COVID-19 has not been considered within the multivariable context of the severity of respiratory disease, pre-test probability, risk factors for disease progression, and critical resource constraints. To address this deficit, a multidisciplinary panel comprised principally of radiologists and pulmonologists from 10 countries with experience managing COVID-19 patients across a spectrum of healthcare environments evaluated the utility of imaging within three scenarios representing varying risk factors, community conditions, and resource constraints. Fourteen key questions, corresponding to 11 decision points within the three scenarios and three additional clinical situations, were rated by the panel based upon the anticipated value of the information that thoracic imaging would be expected to provide. The results were aggregated, resulting in five main and three additional recommendations intended to guide medical practitioners in the use of CXR and CT in the management of COVID-19.
JO  - Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 201365-201365
SP  - 201365
EP  - 201365
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1148/radiol.2020201365
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - First statement on preparation for the COVID-19 pandemic in large German Speaking University-based radiation oncology departments
AU  - Combs, Stephanie E.
AU  - Belka, Claus
AU  - Niyazi, Maximilian
AU  - Corradini, Stefanie
AU  - Pigorsch, Steffi
AU  - Wilkens, Jan
AU  - Grosu, Anca L.
AU  - Guckenberger, Matthias
AU  - Ganswindt, Ute
AU  - Bernhardt, Denise
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 pandemic is challenging modern radiation oncology. At University Hospitals, we have a mandate to offer high-end treatments to all cancer patients. However, in times of crisis we must learn to prioritize resources, especially personnel. Compromising oncological outcome will blur all statistics, therefore all measures must be taken with great caution. Communication with our neighboring countries, within societies and between departments can help meet the challenge. Here, we report on our learning system and preparation measures to effectively tackle the COVID-19 challenge in University-Based Radiation Oncology Departments.
JO  - Radiation Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 15
IS  - 1
PG  - 74-74
SP  - 74
EP  - 74
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s13014-020-01527-1
UR  - https://ro-journal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13014-020-01527-1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID19 - The need for Public Health in a time of emergency
AU  - Lee, Andrew
AU  - Morling, Jo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2020.03.027
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0033350620300913
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Is home isolation appropriate for preventing the spread of COVID-19?
AU  - Feng, Zhan-hui
AU  - Cheng, Yong-ran
AU  - Ye, Lan
AU  - Zhou, Meng-Yun
AU  - Wang, Ming-Wei
AU  - Chen, Juan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objectives At the end of 2019, the COVID-19 epidemic broke out in Wuhan, China. On January 20, 2020, Chinese expert group confirmed that the spread of the virus is characterized by human-to-human transmission. Study Design It is difficult for the public to prevent the spread of COVID-19 by only wearing masks, and the most important measureto take is to cut off the route of transmission; otherwise, there is noway to control the disease. Methods The Wuhan Municipal Governmentannounced the control of the migration of the population in Wuhan, and population migration in Hubei Province also continues to be monitored after the confirmation of human-to-human transmission.Unfortunately, some problems remain. Results At the beginning of the epidemic breakout, there were not enough hospital beds for the patients in Wuhan, and a large number of patients were required to self-solate at home. Therefore, home isolation poses significant risks. Conclusions The patient will transmit the virus to other people in the houseif a patient has been confirmed to have the virus and is under home isolation.This can lead to the infection of the patient's entire family.
JO  - Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2020.03.008
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S003335062030072X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Psychosomatic Medicine and Covid-19 Pandemic
AU  - Joos, Andreas
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1159/000507640
UR  - https://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/507640
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 3D Printing beyond Dentistry during COVID 19 Epidemic: A Technical Note for Producing Connectors to Breathing Devices
AU  - Cavallo, Leonardo
AU  - Marcianò, Antonia
AU  - Cicciù, Marco
AU  - Oteri, Giacomo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - (1) Background: To mitigate the shortage of respiratory devices during the Covid-19 epidemic, dental professional volunteers can contribute to create printed plastic valves, adapting the dental digital workflow and converting snorkeling masks in emergency CPAP (continuous positive airways pressure) devices. The objective of this report was to provide the specific settings to optimize printing with the 3D printers of the dental industry. (2) Methods: In order to provide comprehensive technical notes to volunteer dental professionals interested in printing Charlotte and Dave connectors to breathing devices, the entire digital workflow is reported. (3) Results: The present paper introduces an alternative use of the dental Computer Aided Design/Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAD/CAM) machinery, and reports on the fabrication of a 3D printed connection prototypes suitable for connection to face masks, thereby demonstrating the feasibility of this application. (4) Conclusions: This call for action was addressed to dentists and dental laboratories who are willing to making available their experience, facilities and machinery for the benefit of patients, even way beyond dentistry.
JO  - Prosthesis 2020, Vol. 2, Pages 46-52
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 2
IS  - 2
PG  - 46-52
SP  - 46
EP  - 52
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/PROSTHESIS2020005
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Effectiveness of convalescent plasma therapy in severe COVID-19 patients
AU  - Duan, Kai
AU  - Liu, Bende
AU  - Li, Cesheng
AU  - Zhang, Huajun
AU  - Yu, Ting
AU  - Qu, Jieming
AU  - Zhou, Min
AU  - Chen, Li
AU  - Meng, Shengli
AU  - Hu, Yong
AU  - Peng, Cheng
AU  - Yuan, Mingchao
AU  - Huang, Jinyan
AU  - Wang, Zejun
AU  - Yu, Jianhong
AU  - Gao, Xiaoxiao
AU  - Wang, Dan
AU  - Yu, Xiaoqi
AU  - Li, Li
AU  - Zhang, Jiayou
AU  - Wu, Xiao
AU  - Li, Bei
AU  - Xu, Yanping
AU  - Chen, Wei
AU  - Peng, Yan
AU  - Hu, Yeqin
AU  - Lin, Lianzhen
AU  - Liu, Xuefei
AU  - Huang, Shihe
AU  - Zhou, Zhijun
AU  - Zhang, Lianghao
AU  - Wang, Yue
AU  - Zhang, Zhi
AU  - Deng, Kun
AU  - Xia, Zhiwu
AU  - Gong, Qin
AU  - Zhang, Wei
AU  - Zheng, Xiaobei
AU  - Liu, Ying
AU  - Yang, Huichuan
AU  - Zhou, Dongbo
AU  - Yu, Ding
AU  - Hou, Jifeng
AU  - Shi, Zhengli
AU  - Chen, Saijuan
AU  - Chen, Zhu
AU  - Zhang, Xinxin
AU  - Yang, Xiaoming
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Currently, there are no approved specific antiviral agents for novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In this study, 10 severe patients confirmed by real-time viral RNA test were enrolled prospectively. One dose of 200 mL of convalescent plasma (CP) derived from recently recovered donors with the neutralizing antibody titers above 1:640 was transfused to the patients as an addition to maximal supportive care and antiviral agents. The primary endpoint was the safety of CP transfusion. The second endpoints were the improvement of clinical symptoms and laboratory parameters within 3 d after CP transfusion. The median time from onset of illness to CP transfusion was 16.5 d. After CP transfusion, the level of neutralizing antibody increased rapidly up to 1:640 in five cases, while that of the other four cases maintained at a high level (1:640). The clinical symptoms were significantly improved along with increase of oxyhemoglobin saturation within 3 d. Several parameters tended to improve as compared to pretransfusion, including increased lymphocyte counts (0.65 × 10(9)/L vs. 0.76 × 10(9)/L) and decreased C-reactive protein (55.98 mg/L vs. 18.13 mg/L). Radiological examinations showed varying degrees of absorption of lung lesions within 7 d. The viral load was undetectable after transfusion in seven patients who had previous viremia. No severe adverse effects were observed. This study showed CP therapy was well tolerated and could potentially improve the clinical outcomes through neutralizing viremia in severe COVID-19 cases. The optimal dose and time point, as well as the clinical benefit of CP therapy, needs further investigation in larger well-controlled trials.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1073/pnas.2004168117
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Review of Emerging Pharmacotherapy for the Treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019
AU  - Barlow, Ashley
AU  - Landolf, Kaitlin M.
AU  - Barlow, Brooke
AU  - Yeung, Siu Yan Amy
AU  - Heavner, Jason J.
AU  - Claassen, Cassidy W.
AU  - Heavner, Mojdeh S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has evolved into an emergent global pandemic. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can manifest on a spectrum of illness from mild disease to severe respiratory failure requiring intensive care unit (ICU) admission. As the incidence continues to rise at a rapid pace, critical care teams are faced with challenging treatment decisions. There is currently no widely accepted standard of care in the pharmacological management of patients with COVID-19. Urgent identification of potential treatment strategies is a priority. Therapies include novel agents available in clinical trials or through compassionate use, and other drugs, repurposed antiviral and immune modulating therapies. Many have demonstrated in vitro or in vivo potential against other viruses that are similar to SARS-CoV-2. Critically ill patients with COVID-19 have additional considerations related to adjustments for organ impairment and renal replacement therapies, complex lists of concurrent medications, limitations with drug administration and compatibility, and unique toxicities that should be evaluated when utilizing these therapies. The purpose of this review is to summarize practical considerations for pharmacotherapy in patients with COVID-19, with the intent of serving as a resource for health care providers at the forefront of clinical care during this pandemic.
JO  - Pharmacotherapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/phar.2398
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel coronavirus infection in children outside of Wuhan, China
AU  - Shen, Qinxue
AU  - Guo, Wei
AU  - Guo, Ting
AU  - Li, Jinhua
AU  - He, Wenlong
AU  - Ni, Shanshan
AU  - Ouyang, Xiaoli
AU  - Liu, Jiyang
AU  - Xie, Yuanlin
AU  - Tan, Xin
AU  - Zhou, Zhiguo
AU  - Peng, Hong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Since December 8, 2019, an epidemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread rapidly, but information about children with COVID-19 is limited. METHODS: This retrospective and the single-center study were done at the Public Health Clinic Center of Changsha, Hunan, China. We identified all hospitalized children diagnosed with COVID-19 between January 8, 2019 and February 19, 2020, in Changsha. Epidemiological and clinical data of these children were collected and analyzed. Outcomes were followed until February 26th, 2020. RESULTS: By February 19, 2020, nine pediatric patients were identified as having 2019-nCoV infection in Changsha. Six children had a family exposure and could provide the exact dates of close contact with someone who was confirmed to have 2019-nCoV infection, among whom the median incubation period was 7.5 days. The initial symptoms of the nine children were mild, including fever (3/9), diarrhea (2/9), cough (1/9), and sore throat (1/9), two had no symptoms. Two of the enrolled patients showed small ground-glass opacity of chest computed tomography scan. As of February 26, six patients had a negative RT-PCR for 2019-nCoV and were discharged. The median time from exposure to a negative RT-PCR was 14 days. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical symptoms of the new coronavirus infection in children were not typical and showed a less aggressive clinical course than teenage and adult patients. Children who have a familial clustering or have a family member with a definite diagnosis should be reported to ensure a timely diagnosis.
JO  - Pediatric pulmonology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/ppul.24762
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Critically Ill Children: A Narrative Review of the Literature
AU  - Ong, Jacqueline S. M.
AU  - Tosoni, Alvise
AU  - Kim, YaeJean
AU  - Kissoon, Niranjan
AU  - Murthy, Srinivas
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 has spread around the world. In the 3 months since its emergence, we have learned a great deal about its clinical management and its relevance to the pediatric critical care provider. In this article, we review the available literature and provide valuable insight into the clinical management of this disease, as well as information on preparedness activities that every PICU should perform. The authors have disclosed that they do not have any potential conflicts of interest. For information regarding this article, E-mail: Srinivas.murthy@cw.bc.ca ©2020The Society of Critical Care Medicine and the World Federation of Pediatric Intensive and Critical Care Societies
JO  - Pediatric Critical Care Medicine | Society of Critical Care Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Online First
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00130478-900000000-98057
DO  - 10.1097/pcc.0000000000002376
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/pccmjournal/Fulltext/onlinefirst/Coronavirus_Disease_2019_in_Critically_Ill.98057.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Is a Data Science Issue
AU  - Callaghan, Sarah
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Patterns
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.patter.2020.100022
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patter.2020.100022
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pain Management Best Practices from Multispecialty Organizations during the COVID-19 Pandemic and Public Health Crises
AU  - Cohen, Steven P.
AU  - Baber, Zafeer B.
AU  - Buvanendran, Asokumar
AU  - McLean, L. T. C. Brian C.
AU  - Chen, Yian
AU  - Hooten, W. Michael
AU  - Laker, Scott R.
AU  - Wasan, W. Ajay D.
AU  - Kennedy, David J.
AU  - Sandbrink, Friedhelm
AU  - King, L. T. C. Scott A.
AU  - Fowler, C. D. R. Ian M.
AU  - Stojanovic, Milan P.
AU  - Hayek, Salim M.
AU  - Phillips, C. D. R. Christopher R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background It is nearly impossible to overestimate the burden of chronic pain, which is associated with enormous personal and socioeconomic costs. Chronic pain is the leading cause of disability in the world, is associated with multiple psychiatric co-morbidities, and has been causally linked for the opioid crisis. Access to pain treatment has been called a fundamental human right by numerous organizations. The current COVID-19 pandemic has strained medical resources, creating a dilemma for physicians charged with a responsibility to limit spread of the contagion, and their responsibility to treat the patients they are entrusted to care for. Methods To address these issues, an expert panel was convened that included pain management experts from the military, Veterans Health Administration, and academia. Endorsement from stakeholder societies was sought upon completion of the document, with a 1-week suspense period. Results In these guidelines, we provide a framework for pain practitioners and institutions to balance the often-conflicting goals of risk mitigation for health care providers, risk mitigation for patients, conservation of resources, and access to pain management services. Specific issues discussed include general and interventional-specific risk mitigation, patient flow issues and staffing plans, telemedicine options, triaging recommendations, strategies to reduce psychological sequelae in health care providers, and resource utilization. Conclusions The COVID-19 public health crisis has strained health care systems, creating a conundrum for patients, pain medicine practitioners, hospital leaders, and regulatory officials. Although this document provides a framework for pain management services, systems-wide and individual decisions must take into account clinical considerations, regional health conditions, government and hospital directives, resource availability, the welfare of health care providers.
JO  - Pain Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/pm/pnaa127
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/painmedicine/advance-article/doi/10.1093/pm/pnaa127/5817092
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Role and Management of a Head and Neck Department during the COVID-19 Outbreak in Lombardy
AU  - Saibene, Alberto Maria
AU  - Allevi, Fabiana
AU  - Biglioli, Federico
AU  - Felisati, Giovanni
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The recent Italian outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 led to an unprecedented burden on our health care system. Despite head and neck-otolaryngology not being a front-line specialty in dealing with this disease, our department had to face several specific issues. Despite a massive reallocation of resources in the hospital, we managed to keep the service active, improving safety measures for our personnel, specifically during common otolaryngologic maneuvers known to produce aerosols. Furthermore, we strived to maintain our teaching role, giving residents an inclusive role in managing the response to the emergency state, and we progressively integrated our inactive specialists into other service rotations to relieve front-line colleagues' burden. Specific issues and management decisions are discussed in detail in the article.
JO  - Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 194599820917914-194599820917914
SP  - 194599820917914
EP  - 194599820917914
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/0194599820917914
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Patient Handout: Managing the Stress of the Covid-19 Pandemic COVID-19 OUTBREAK IN NORTHERN ITALY: VIEWPOINT OF THE MILAN AREA SURGICAL COMMUNITY
AU  - Kurihara, Hayato
AU  - Bisagni, Pietro
AU  - Faccincani, Roberto
AU  - Zago, Mauro
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Oncology Times
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 42
IS  - 7
PG  - 9
SP  - 9
EP  - 
AN  - 00130989-202004050-00006
DO  - 10.1097/01.Cot.0000660220.29383.61 10.1097/ta.0000000000002695
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/oncology-times/Fulltext/2020/04050/Patient_Handout__Managing_the_Stress_of_the.6.aspx https://journals.lww.com/jtrauma/Fulltext/publishahead/COVID_19_OUTBREAK_IN_NORTHERN_ITALY__VIEWPOINT_OF.97966.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical Characteristics of COVID-19 After Gynecologic Oncology Surgery in Three Women: A Retrospective Review of Medical Records
AU  - Yang, Shouhua
AU  - Zhang, Yuan
AU  - Cai, Jing
AU  - Wang, Zehua
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - From a large medical center in Wuhan, the epicenter of the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), we report clinical features and prognosis for three women diagnosed with COVID-19 after gynecologic oncology surgery and hospitalized in January 2020. The incidence of COVID-19 was 0.77% (3 of 389) of total hospitalizations and 1.59% (3 of 189) of patients undergoing surgeries in the ward. The infection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 may be related to the older age, comorbidities, malignant tumor, and surgery in gynecologic hospitalizations. By February 20, 2020, only two of the three patients had met the clinical discharge criteria. Given the long and uncertain incubation period of COVID-19, screening for the virus infection should be carried out for all patients, both preoperatively and postoperatively. Postponement of scheduled gynecologic surgery for patients in the epidemic area should be considered.
JO  - The oncologist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1634/theoncologist.2020-0157
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Leading on the Edge of Insanity
AU  - Trepanier, Sylvain
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 has officially consumed every nurse leader's time and efforts. The purpose of this article is to share early learnings from the west coast of the United States, where the first U.S case was cared for. In this article, I describe the emerging principles allowing us to respond to an unprecedented crisis: Prevent, Protect, and Control. By the time this crisis is over, I do not doubt that we will have additional science and experience to support our frontline nurses and our nurse leaders. That said, I felt it was important to share our expertise in real-time for others to benefit from. I would also point out that writing about what you are feeling is cathartic—I encourage my colleagues to join me in writing about what you are experiencing.
JO  - Nurse Leader
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.mnl.2020.03.021
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1541461220300884 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1541461220300884
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Nuclear medicine in SARS-CoV-2 pandemia: 18F-FDG-PET/CT to visualize COVID-19
AU  - Lütje, Susanne
AU  - Marinova, Milka
AU  - Kütting, Daniel
AU  - Attenberger, Ulrike
AU  - Essler, Markus
AU  - Bundschuh, Ralph Alexander
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The current outbreak of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has reached multiple countries worldwide. While the number of newly diagnosed cases and fatalities is rising quickly, far-reaching measures were enacted to prevent further spread. Diagnosis relies on clinical presentation, exposure history, PCR using specimens from the respiratory tract together with computed tomography (CT) imaging. One of the hallmarks of a critical course of COVID-19 is the development of severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). As management of COVID-19 can be considered a multi-disciplinary approach involving various medical specialties, we here review the first (18)F-FDG-PET/CT scans of COVID-19 to discuss how Nuclear Medicine could contribute to management of this disease.
JO  - Nuklearmedizin. Nuclear medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1055/a-1152-2341
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preparing a neurology department for SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19): Early experiences at Columbia University Irving Medical Center and the New York Presbyterian Hospital in New York City
AU  - Waldman, Genna
AU  - Mayeux, Richard
AU  - Claassen, Jan
AU  - Agarwal, Sachin
AU  - Willey, Joshua
AU  - Anderson, Emily
AU  - Punzalan, Patricia
AU  - Lichtscien, Ryan
AU  - Bell, Michelle
AU  - Przedborski, Serge
AU  - Ulane, Christina
AU  - Roberts, Kirk
AU  - Williams, Olajide
AU  - Lassman, Andrew B.
AU  - Lennihan, Laura
AU  - Thakur, Kiran T.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Beginning in December 2019, a novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19), began spreading rapidly throughout China and now is a global pandemic with cases reported in over 192 countries and territories worldwide. Clinically, COVID-19 ranges from a mild, self-limiting respiratory illness to severe progressive pneumonia and multiorgan failure. The first COVID-19 case was reported at the beginning of March in New York City (NYC), and now just three weeks later, NYC and its suburbs have over 5% of global cases. Worldwide, there is a rapid increase in the number of cases daily, including the number of patients requiring hospitalization and intensive care support.
JO  - Neurology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1212/WNL.0000000000009519
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Ethics in the time of COVID: What remains the same and what is different
AU  - Kim, Scott Y. H.
AU  - Grady, Christine
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 pandemic raises difficult ethical questions for our healthcare system and its providers. Perhaps the most difficult is how to fairly distribute scarce resources, such as ICU beds and ventilators, as the answer will determine who lives and who dies. Compounding the difficulty, all of us are experiencing the dizzying newness of our socially distanced lives, and we sense that 'things are different now.' How do our traditional ethical principles apply to these very novel circumstances?
JO  - Neurology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1212/WNL.0000000000009520
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - No lockdown for neurological diseases during COVID19 pandemic infection
AU  - Caso, Valeria
AU  - Federico, Antonio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Neurological Sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s10072-020-04389-3
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10072-020-04389-3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Why measles deaths are surging — and coronavirus could make it worse
AU  - Roberts, Leslie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The world’s most contagious virus has killed thousands in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and 23 countries have suspended measles vaccination campaigns as they cope with SARS-CoV-2. A viral outbreak has killed more than 6,500 children in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) and is still spreading through the country. The foe isn’t the feared coronavirus, which has only just reached the DRC. It’s an old, familiar and underestimated adversary: measles. Cases began to spike here in October 2018. Children became weak, feverish and congested, with red eyes and painful sores in their mouths, all with the telltale rash of measles. “We have been running after the virus ever since,” says Balcha Masresha, an epidemiologist with the World Health Organization (WHO) regional Africa office in Brazzaville in the neighbouring Republic of Congo. The situation has mushroomed into what WHO experts say might be the largest documented measles outbreak in one country since the world gained a measles vaccine in 1963 (see ‘Measles cases on the rise’).
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-01011-6
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-01011-6
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic: Built Environment Considerations To Reduce Transmission
AU  - Dietz, Leslie
AU  - Horve, Patrick F.
AU  - Coil, David A.
AU  - Fretz, Mark
AU  - Eisen, Jonathan A.
AU  - Van Den Wymelenberg, Kevin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>With the rapid spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that results in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), corporate entities, federal, state, county, and city governments, universities, school districts, places of worship, prisons, health care facilities, assisted living organizations, daycares, homeowners, and other building owners and occupants have an opportunity to reduce the potential for transmission through built environment (BE)-mediated pathways. Over the last decade, substantial research into the presence, abundance, diversity, function, and transmission of microbes in the BE has taken place and revealed common pathogen exchange pathways and mechanisms. In this paper, we synthesize this microbiology of the BE research and the known information about SARS-CoV-2 to provide actionable and achievable guidance to BE decision makers, building operators, and all indoor occupants attempting to minimize infectious disease transmission through environmentally mediated pathways. We believe this information is useful to corporate and public administrators and individuals responsible for building operations and environmental services in their decision-making process about the degree and duration of social-distancing measures during viral epidemics and pandemics.</p>
JO  - mSystems
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 5
IS  - 2
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1128/mSystems.00245-20
UR  - http://msystems.asm.org/lookup/doi/10.1128/mSystems.00245-20
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on urology residency training in Italy
AU  - Amparore, Daniele
AU  - Claps, Francesco
AU  - Cacciamani, Giovanni E.
AU  - Esperto, Francesco
AU  - Fiori, Cristian
AU  - Liguori, Giovanni
AU  - Serni, Sergio
AU  - Trombetta, Carlo
AU  - Carini, Marco
AU  - Porpiglia, Francesco
AU  - Checcucci, Enrico
AU  - Campi, Riccardo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In the global emergency scenario caused by COVID-19 pandemic, the Urology residents' training might be critically affected. To provide insights on this issue, a 25-items online Survey was sent to all Italian residents one month after the first case of COVID-19 in Italy, to evaluate their routine involvement in "clinical" (on-call duty, outpatient visits, diagnostic procedures) and "surgical" (endoscopic, open and minimally invasive surgery) training activities before and during the COVID-19 period. Overall, 351/577 (60.8%) residents completed the Survey. Before the COVID-19 pandemic, the proportion of residents routinely involved in "clinical" and "surgical" activities ranged from 79.8% to 87.2% and from 49.3% to 73.5%, respectively. In the COVID-19 period, the proportion of residents experiencing a severe reduction (>40%) or complete suppression (>80%) of training exposure ranged between 41.1% and 81.2% for "clinical" activities while between 44.2% and 62.1% for "surgical" activities. This reduction was even more pronounced for residents attending the final year of training. Our study is the first to provide real-life data on how Urology residency training can be impaired during an emergency period. To address this challenge, strategies aiming to increase the use of telemedicine, smart learning programs and tele-mentoring of surgical procedures, are warranted.
JO  - Minerva urologica e nefrologica = The Italian journal of urology and nephrology
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.23736/S0393-2249.20.03868-0
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A possible probiotic (S. salivarius K12) approach to improve oral and lung microbiotas and raise defenses against SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Di Pierro, Francesco
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Minerva medica
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.23736/S0026-4806.20.06570-2
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Single-Dose, Intranasal Immunization with Recombinant Parainfluenza Virus 5 Expressing Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) Spike Protein Protects Mice from Fatal MERS-CoV Infection
AU  - Li, Kun
AU  - Li, Zhuo
AU  - Wohlford-Lenane, Christine
AU  - Meyerholz, David K.
AU  - Channappanavar, Rudragouda
AU  - An, Dong
AU  - Perlman, Stanley
AU  - McCray, Paul B.
AU  - He, Biao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p> Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) can cause severe and fatal acute respiratory disease in humans and remains endemic in the Middle East since first being identified in 2012. There are currently no approved vaccines or therapies available for MERS-CoV. In this study, we evaluated parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5)-based vaccine expressing the MERS-CoV envelope spike protein (PIV5/MERS-S) in a human DPP4 knockin C57BL/6 congenic mouse model (hDPP4 KI). Following a single-dose intranasal immunization, PIV5-MERS-S induced neutralizing antibody and robust T cell responses in hDPP4 KI mice. A single intranasal administration of 10 <sup>4</sup> PFU PIV5-MERS-S provided complete protection against a lethal challenge with mouse-adapted MERS-CoV (MERS <sub>MA</sub> 6.1.2) and improved virus clearance in the lung. In comparison, single-dose intramuscular immunization with 10 <sup>6</sup> PFU UV-inactivated MERS <sub>MA</sub> 6.1.2 mixed with Imject alum provided protection to only 25% of immunized mice. Intriguingly, an influx of eosinophils was observed only in the lungs of mice immunized with inactivated MERS-CoV, suggestive of a hypersensitivity-type response. Overall, our study indicated that PIV5-MERS-S is a promising effective vaccine candidate against MERS-CoV infection. </p>
JO  - mBio
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 11
IS  - 2
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1128/mBio.00554-20
UR  - http://mbio.asm.org/lookup/doi/10.1128/mBio.00554-20
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - POCUS in COVID-19: pearls and pitfalls
AU  - Cheung, Jonathan Chun-Hei
AU  - Lam, Koon Ngai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Respiratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30166-1
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213260020301661
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19, school closures, and child poverty: a social crisis in the making
AU  - Van Lancker, Wim
AU  - Parolin, Zachary
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30084-0
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468266720300840
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The French response to COVID-19: intrinsic difficulties at the interface of science, public health, and policy
AU  - Moatti, Jean-Paul
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30087-6
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468266720300876
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Making decisions to mitigate COVID-19 with limited knowledge
AU  - Zhang, Weituo
AU  - Qian, Bi-yun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30280-2
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1473309920302802
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Invisible spread of SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Xiong, Nian
AU  - Wang, Tao
AU  - Lin, Zhicheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30263-2
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1473309920302632 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1473309920302632
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Invisible spread of SARS-CoV-2 &#x2013; Authors' reply
AU  - Kucharski, Adam J.
AU  - Eggo, Rosalind M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30275-9
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30275-9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Invisible spread of SARS-CoV-2 – Authors' reply
AU  - Kucharski, Adam J.
AU  - Eggo, Rosalind M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30275-9
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1473309920302759
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Word from OLAW: COVID-19 guidance
AU  - Brown, Patricia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Lab animal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41684-020-0526-0
UR  - http://www.nature.com/articles/s41684-020-0526-0 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32251408
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Surgery and the Covid-19 epidemic: some additional precautions
AU  - Canis, Michel
AU  - Bourdel, Nicolas
AU  - Botchorishvili, Revaz
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Visceral Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jviscsurg.2020.04.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878788620301028 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1878788620301028
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and Cardiovascular Disease: A Viewpoint on the Potential Influence of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/Angiotensin Receptor Blockers on Onset and Severity of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infec
AU  - Guo, Junyi
AU  - Huang, Zheng
AU  - Lin, Li
AU  - Lv, Jiagao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Heart Association
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 7 PG - e016219-e016219
PG  - e016219-e016219
SP  - e016219
EP  - e016219
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1161/JAHA.120.016219
UR  - NS -
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 And Older Adults: What We Know
AU  - Shahid, Zainab
AU  - Kalayanamitra, Ricci
AU  - McClafferty, Brendan
AU  - Kepko, Douglas
AU  - Ramgobin, Devyani
AU  - Patel, Ravi
AU  - Aggarwal, Chander Shekher
AU  - Vunnam, Rama Rao
AU  - Sahu, Nitasa
AU  - Bhatt, Dhirisha
AU  - Jones, Kirk
AU  - Golamari, Reshma
AU  - Jain, Rohit
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - SARS-CoV-2, a novel virus that causes COVID-19 infection, has recently emerged and caused a deadly pandemic. Studies have shown that this virus causes worse outcomes and a higher mortality rate in older adults and those with comorbidities such as hypertension, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic respiratory disease, and chronic kidney disease. A significant percentage of older American adults have these diseases, putting them at a higher risk of infection. Additionally, many adults with hypertension, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease are placed on angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs). Studies have shown that these medications upregulate the ACE-2 receptor, the very receptor which the SARS-CoV-2 virus uses to enter host cells, which puts older adults at a further increased risk of infection. In this review, we discuss the transmission, symptomatology, mortality, and possible treatments for this infection, as they relate to older adults. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jgs.16472
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Ethical practice during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Cohen, Donald F.
AU  - Kurkowski, Michael A.
AU  - Wilson, Robert J.
AU  - Jonke, Guenter J.
AU  - Patel, Onika R.
AU  - Pappas, Renee P.
AU  - Hall, Daniel W.
AU  - Pandya, Anisha
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of the American Dental Association
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adaj.2020.03.038
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0002817720302257
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Editors’ Comments Regarding Special Feature Articles on COVID-19 in 2020
AU  - Heyman, Melvin B.
AU  - Belli, Dominique C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Publish Ahead of Print
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00005176-900000000-96108
DO  - 10.1097/mpg.0000000000002745
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/jpgn/Fulltext/publishahead/Editors__Comments_Regarding_Special_Feature.96108.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Symptom Cluster of ICU nurses treating COVID-19 pneumonia patients in Wuhan, China
AU  - Yifan, Tang
AU  - Ying, Liu
AU  - Chunhong, Gao
AU  - Jing, Song
AU  - Rong, Wang
AU  - Zhenyu, Li
AU  - Zejuan, Gu
AU  - Peihung, Liao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective In treating highly infectious COVID-19 pneumonia, ICU nurses face a high risk of developing somatic symptom disorder (SSD). The present study aims to investigate the symptoms and causes of SSD of ICU nurses treating COVID-19 pneumonia. The research results are expected to provide evidence for the establishment of a better management strategy. Methods This study enrolled a total of 140 ICU nurses who were selected by Jiangsu Province Hospital to work in Wuhan (the epicenter of the COVID-19 epidemic in China) on 3rd February 2020. A questionnaire “Somatic Symptom Disorders for ICU Nurses in Wuhan No.1 Hospital” was designed based on the “International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health” (ICF). Exploratory factor analysis was performed to cluster the symptoms, and logistic regression analysis to find the risk factors of the symptoms. Results Five major symptoms were chest-discomfort-and-palpitation (31.4%), dyspnea (30.7%), nausea (21.4%), headache (19.3%), and dizziness (17.9%). In exploratory factor analysis, the symptoms were classified into three clusters: Cluster A of breathing and sleep disturbances (dizziness, sleepiness, dyspnea); Cluster B of gastrointestinal complaints and pain (nausea, headache), and Cluster C of general symptoms (xerostomia, fatigue, chest-discomfort-and-palpitation). In Cluster A, urine/feces splash, sex, and sputum splash were independent predictive factors. In Cluster B, fall of protective glasses and urine/feces splash were independent predictive factors. In Cluster C, urine/feces splash and urine/feces clearance were independent predictive factors. Conclusion The ICU nurses in Wuhan showed varying and overlapping SSDs. These SSDs could be classified into three symptom clusters. Based on the characteristics of their SSDs, specific interventions could be implemented to safeguard the health of ICU nurses.
JO  - Journal of Pain and Symptom Management
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2020.03.039
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0885392420301925
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Rapid De-Escalation and Triaging Patients in Community-Based Palliative Care
AU  - Tran, David
AU  - Lai, Steve
AU  - Salah, Ramy
AU  - Wong, Angela
AU  - Bryon, Jill
AU  - McKenna, Meghan
AU  - Chan, Yvonne
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Context The COVID-19 pandemic created a rapid and unprecedented shift in our medical system. Medical providers, teams, and organizations have needed to shift their visits away from face-to-face visits and toward telehealth (both by phone and through video). Palliative care teams who practice in the community setting are faced with a difficult task: How do we actively triage the most urgent visits while keeping our vulnerable patients safe from the pandemic? Measures The following are recommendations created by the Palo Alto Medical Foundation Palliative Care and Support Services team to help triage and coordinate for timely, safe, and effective palliative care in the community and outpatient setting during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Patients are initially triaged based on location followed by acuity. Interdisciplinary care is implemented using strict infection control guidelines in the setting of limited personal protective equipment (PPE) resources. We implement thorough screening for COVID-19 symptoms at multiple levels before a patient is seen by a designated provider. Conclusions/Lessons Learned We recommend active triaging, communication, frequent screening for COVID-19 symptoms for palliative care patients been evaluated in the community setting. An understanding of infection risk, mutual consent between designated providers, patients, and their families are crucial to maintaining safety while delivering community-based palliative care during the COVID-19 pandemic.
JO  - Journal of Pain and Symptom Management
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2020.03.040
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0885392420301937 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0885392420301937
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Conservative management of Covid-19 patients – emergency palliative care in action
AU  - Tanja, Fusi-Schmidhauser
AU  - Nancy, Preston
AU  - Keller, Nikola
AU  - Claudia, Gamondi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Pain and Symptom Management
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2020.03.030
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0885392420301834
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Which Melbourne metropolitan areas are vulnerable to COVID-19 based on age, disability and access to health services? Using spatial analysis to identify service gaps and inform delivery
AU  - Lakhani, Ali
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Ageing adults (65+) with disability are especially vulnerable to COVID-19 and upon contracting, are a cohort most likely to require palliative care. Therefore, it is very important that health services - particularly health services providing palliative care - are proximately available. Treating the Melbourne metropolitan area as a case-study, a spatial analysis was conducted to clarify priority areas with a significantly high percentage and number of ageing adults (65+) with disability, and high barriers to accessing primary health services. After, travel times from priority areas to (i) palliative medicine, and (ii) hospital services were calculated. The geographic dispersion of areas with people vulnerable to COVID-19 with poor access to palliative care and health services are clarified. Unique methods of health service delivery are required to ensure that vulnerable populations in under-serviced metropolitan areas receive prompt and adequate care. The spatial methodology employed can be implemented in different contexts to support evidence-based COVID-19 and pandemic palliative care service decisions.
JO  - Journal of Pain and Symptom Management
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2020.03.041
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0885392420301949
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Palliative Care in the time of COVID-19: Reflections from the frontline
AU  - Koh Yh, Mervyn
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Pain and Symptom Management
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2020.03.023
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0885392420301743
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Spiraling of Frailty in Older Italian Patients
AU  - Abbatecola, A. M.
AU  - Antonelli-Incalzi, R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The journal of nutrition, health & aging
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12603-020-1357-9
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12603-020-1357-9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Strengthening the Power of Nurses in Combating COVID-19
AU  - Zhang, Yuxia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, several novel coronavirus infections were firstly reported in Wuhan, Hubei Province in China, and the outbreak is quickly expanding locally and globally. World Health Organization (World Health Organization, 2020a) announced the coronavirus epidemic as an "International Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC)" on January 30, 2020.
JO  - Journal of nursing management
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jonm.13023
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Work stress among Chinese nurses to support Wuhan for fighting against the COVID-19 epidemic
AU  - Mo, Yuanyuan
AU  - Deng, Lan
AU  - Zhang, Liyan
AU  - Lang, Qiuyan
AU  - Liao, Chunyan
AU  - Wang, Nannan
AU  - Qin, Mingqin
AU  - Huang, Huiqiao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - AIMS: In this study, we aimed to investigate work stress among Chinese nurses that are supporting Wuhan in fighting against Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection and explore relevant influencing factors. BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 epidemic has posed a major threat to public health. Nurses have always played an important role in infection prevention, infection control, isolation, containment, and public health. However, available data on the work stress among these nurses is limited. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey. An online questionnaire was completed by 180 anti-epidemic nurses from Guangxi. Data collection tools, including the Chinese version of the Stress Overload Scale (SOS) and the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS). Descriptive, single factor, correlation, and multiple regression analyses were used in exploring related influencing factors. RESULTS: The SOS (39.91±12.92) and SAS scores (32.19±7.56) of this nurse group were positively correlated (r=0.676, p<0.05). Multiple regression analysis showed that only children, working hours per week, and anxiety were the main factors affecting nurse stress (p=0.000, 0.048, 0.000, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Nurses who fight against COVID-19 were generally under pressure. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: Nurse leaders should pay attention to the work stress and the influencing factors of the nurses who are fighting against COVID-19 infection, and offer solutions to retain mental health among these nurses.
JO  - Journal of nursing management
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jonm.13014
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Japan ECMOnet for COVID-19: telephone consultations for cases with severe respiratory failure caused by COVID-19
AU  - Japan, ECMOnet for Covid
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Recently, the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) started spreading in Japan. Therefore, the number of patients with severe COVID-19 requiring extracorporeal membranous oxygenation (ECMO) is expected to increase. A working group has been formed to provide telephone consultation services for cases with severe respiratory failure caused by COVID-19 in Japan. During the first 13 days of the service, there were 12 consultations. For each consultation, we advised the patient on the initiation of ECMO and arranged transportation for patients with ECMO. Based on experience from the H1N1 influenza pandemic, transporting patients to experienced facilities is essential to obtain better outcomes.
JO  - Journal of Intensive Care
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 8
IS  - 1
PG  - 24-24
SP  - 24
EP  - 24
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s40560-020-00440-9
UR  - https://jintensivecare.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40560-020-00440-9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical and Imaging features of COVID-19 Patients: Analysis of Data from High-Altitude Areas
AU  - Zeng, Jie
AU  - Peng, Shengkun
AU  - Lei, Yu
AU  - Huang, Jianxin
AU  - Guo, Yang
AU  - Zhang, Xiaoqin
AU  - Huang, Xiaobo
AU  - Pu, Hong
AU  - Pan, Lingai
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.026
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.026
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Biological treatment use amid the COVID-19 era, a close look at the unresolved perplexity
AU  - Shanshal, Mohammed
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of dermatological treatment
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-9
SP  - 1
EP  - 9
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/09546634.2020.1752886
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Kidney diseases in the time of COVID-19: major challenges to patient care
AU  - Rabb, Hamid
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The current COVID-19 pandemic has affected everyone, but presents profound consequences for patients with kidney disease, health care providers, and biomedical researchers. In this Viewpoint, I will discuss a number of kidney-specific aspects of COVID-19 infection, noting therapeutic and basic research opportunities.
JO  - The Journal of clinical investigation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1172/JCI138871
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Deployment of convalescent plasma for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19
AU  - Bloch, Evan M.
AU  - Shoham, Shmuel
AU  - Casadevall, Arturo
AU  - Sachais, Bruce S.
AU  - Shaz, Beth
AU  - Winters, Jeffrey L.
AU  - van Buskirk, Camille
AU  - Grossman, Brenda J.
AU  - Joyner, Michael
AU  - Henderson, Jeffrey P.
AU  - Pekosz, Andrew
AU  - Lau, Bryan
AU  - Wesolowski, Amy
AU  - Katz, Louis
AU  - Shan, Hua
AU  - Auwaerter, Paul G.
AU  - Thomas, David
AU  - Sullivan, David J.
AU  - Paneth, Nigel
AU  - Gehrie, Eric
AU  - Spitalnik, Steven
AU  - Hod, Eldad
AU  - Pollack, Lewis
AU  - Nicholson, Wayne T.
AU  - Pirofski, Liise-Anne
AU  - Bailey, Jeffrey A.
AU  - Tobian, Aaron Ar
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the cause of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), has spurred a global health crisis. To date, there are no proven options for prophylaxis for those who have been exposed to SARS-CoV-2, nor therapy for those who develop COVID-19. Immune (i.e. "convalescent") plasma refers to plasma that is collected from individuals, following resolution of infection and development of antibodies. Passive antibody administration through transfusion of convalescent plasma may offer the only short-term strategy to confer immediate immunity to susceptible individuals. There are numerous examples, where convalescent plasma has been used successfully as post-exposure prophylaxis and/or treatment of infectious diseases, including other outbreaks of coronaviruses (e.g., SARS-1, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome [MERS]). Convalescent plasma has also been used in the COVID-19 pandemic; limited data from China suggest clinical benefit, including radiological resolution, reduction in viral loads and improved survival. Globally, blood centers have robust infrastructure to undertake collections and construct inventories of convalescent plasma to meet the growing demand. Nonetheless, there are nuanced challenges, both regulatory and logistical, spanning donor eligibility, donor recruitment, collections and transfusion itself. Data from rigorously controlled clinical trials of convalescent plasma are also few, underscoring the need to evaluate its use objectively for a range of indications (e.g., prevention vs treatment) and patient populations (e.g., age, comorbid disease). We provide an overview of convalescent plasma, from evidence of benefit, regulatory considerations, logistical work flow and proposed clinical trials, as scale up is brought underway to mobilize this critical resource.  .
JO  - The Journal of clinical investigation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1172/JCI138745
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Community Letter Regarding Sharing Bimolecular Simulation Data for COVID-19
AU  - Amaro, Rommie E.
AU  - Mulholland, Adrian J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - There is an urgent need to share our methods, models, and results openly and quickly to test findings, ensure reproducibility, test significance, eliminate dead-ends, and accelerate discovery. Sharing of data for COVID-19 applications will help connect scientists across the global biomolecular simulation community, and also improve connection and communication between simulation and experimental and clinical data and investigators. We, as a community, commit to the following principles and offer our support to others already working on open data efforts in the hope that others working on COVID-19 in biomolecular simulation and other areas will adopt similar best practices.
JO  - Journal of chemical information and modeling
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1021/acs.jcim.0c00319
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus COV-19/SARS-CoV-2 affects women less than men: clinical response to viral infection
AU  - Conti, P.
AU  - Younes, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - CoV-19/SARS-CoV-2 is a highly pathogenic virus that causes coronavirus-19 disease (COVID-19) an acute respiratory distress syndrome which provokes serious problems for global health. Studies suggest that there are many differences between men and women in the immune response to CoV-19 infection and inflammatory diseases. Women, compared to men, are less susceptible to viral infections based on a different innate immunity, steroid hormones and factors related to sex chromosomes. The presence of two X chromosomes in women emphasize the immune system even if one is inactive. The immune regulatory genes encoded by X chromosome in female gender causes lower viral load levels, and less inflammation than in man, while CD4+ T cells are higher with better immune response. In addition, women generally produce higher levels of antibodies which remain in the circulation longer. The levels of activation of the immune cells are higher in women than in men, and it is correlated with the trigger of TLR7 and the production of IFN. TLR7 is higher in women than in men and its biallelic expression leads to higher immune responses and increases the resistance to viral infections. TLR7 is expressed in innate immune cells which recognizes single strand RNA virus by promoting the production of antibodies against the virus and the generation of pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-6 and IL-1 family members. Moreover, in women the production of inflammatory IL-6 after viral infection is lower than in males and is often correlated with a better longevity. In addition, on the X chromosome there are loci that code for the genes involved in the regulation of immune cells such as FOXP3, and transcription factor for Treg involved in virus pathogenesis. The X chromosome influences the immune system by acting on many other proteins, including TLR8, CD40L and CXCR3 which can be over-expressed in women, and influence the response to viral infections and vaccinations. However, the biallelic expression of the X-linked genes can promote harmful autoimmune and inflammatory responses. Cardiovascular diseases are more frequent in males and subjects without cardiovascular dysfunctions infected by CoV-19 have a better prognosis. ACE2 is a receptor for CoV-19 and protects lung damage. CoV-19 infection and the virus's Spike protein inhibit the expression of ACE2, abolishing its protective function. Inhibitors of the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACEI) are used to stem the devastating effects of CoV-19, to increase the number of CD3 and CD8 T cells and to reduce the viral load and IL-6 levels that control CoV-19 replication via NF-B, but these effects are still under study. It is hoped that certain drugs, such as CoV-19 receptor blockers, anti-inflammatories (against rheumatic diseases), monoclonal antibodies, anti-IL-1 and anti-IL-6, the remdesevir drug (analogue adenosine, effective against ebola), hydroxychloroquine (for the treatment of malaria) and vaccines, will open up new strategies and new therapeutic ways to combat this terrible virus.
JO  - Journal of biological regulators and homeostatic agents
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 34
IS  - 2
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.23812/Editorial-Conti-3
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - US Public Concerns About the COVID-19 Pandemic From Results of a Survey Given via Social Media
AU  - Nelson, Lorene M.
AU  - Simard, Julia F.
AU  - Oluyomi, Abiodun
AU  - Nava, Vanessa
AU  - Rosas, Lisa G.
AU  - Bondy, Melissa
AU  - Linos, Eleni
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA internal medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.1369
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32259192
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - What Other Countries Can Learn From Italy During the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Boccia, Stefania
AU  - Ricciardi, Walter
AU  - Ioannidis, John P. A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA internal medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.1447
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Understanding and Addressing Sources of Anxiety Among Health Care Professionals During the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Shanafelt, Tait
AU  - Ripp, Jonathan
AU  - Trockel, Mickey
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.5893
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Challenge of Preventing COVID-19 Spread in Correctional Facilities
AU  - Rubin, Rita
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.5427
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The COVID-19 Pandemic in the US
AU  - Omer, Saad B.
AU  - Malani, Preeti
AU  - del Rio, Carlos
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.5788
UR  - https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2764366
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Critical Illness in Patients With COVID-19: Mounting an Effective Clinical and Research Response
AU  - Cook, Deborah J.
AU  - Marshall, John C.
AU  - Fowler, Robert A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.5775
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Application of refined management in the prevention and control of coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic in non-isolated areas of a general hospital
AU  - Xu, Caijuan
AU  - Jin, Jingfen
AU  - Song, Jianping
AU  - Yang, Yan
AU  - Yao, Meiqi
AU  - Zhang, Yuping
AU  - Zao, Ruiyi
AU  - Chen, Zhimei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective This article summarizes the experience in the prevention and control of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) epidemic in non-isolated areas in a general hospital. Methods Based on refined management theory, we professionally developed the standards for prevention and control of COVID-19 in non-isolated areas, systematically implemented various prevention and control measures, performed gridding audit, effectively communicated among teams and between doctors and patients assisted by information techniques, and reported results for quality improvement. Results There was no hospital acquired COVID-19 infections among staff in the hospital. The rates of mask wearing, epidemiological history screening and the medical supplies disinfection were all 100% in the hospital. The accuracy rate of mask wearing of patients and their families was 73.79% and the compliance of their hand hygiene was 40.78%. Conclusion Refined management strategies for the prevention and control of COVID-19 infection in non-isolated areas of the general hospital are effective. The accuracy rate of mask wearing and hand hygiene compliance of patients and their families need to be further improved.
JO  - International Journal of Nursing Sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnss.2020.04.003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352013220300533
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Suspected myocardial injury in patients with COVID-19: Evidence from front-line clinical observation in Wuhan, China
AU  - Deng, Qing
AU  - Hu, Bo
AU  - Zhang, Yao
AU  - Wang, Hao
AU  - Zhou, Xiaoyang
AU  - Hu, Wei
AU  - Cheng, Yuting
AU  - Yan, Jie
AU  - Ping, Haiqin
AU  - Zhou, Qing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background A novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Wuhan has caused an outbreak and become a major public health issue in China and great concern from international community. Myocarditis and myocardial injury were suspected and may even be considered as one of the leading causes for death of COVID-19 patients. Therefore, we focused on the condition of the heart, and sought to provide firsthand evidence for whether myocarditis and myocardial injury were caused by COVID-19. Methods We enrolled patients with confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 retrospectively and collected heart-related clinical data, mainly including cardiac imaging findings, laboratory results and clinical outcomes. Serial tests of cardiac markers were traced for the analysis of potential myocardial injury/myocarditis. Results 112 COVID-19 patients were enrolled in our study. There was evidence of myocardial injury in COVID-19 patients and 14 (12.5%) patients had presented abnormalities similar to myocarditis. Most of patients had normal levels of troponin at admission, that in 42 (37.5%) patients increased during hospitalization, especially in those that died. Troponin levels were significantly increased in the week preceding the death. 15 (13.4%) patients have presented signs of pulmonary hypertension. Typical signs of myocarditis were absent on echocardiography and electrocardiogram. Conclusions The clinical evidence in our study suggested that myocardial injury is more likely related to systemic consequences rather than direct damage by the 2019 novel coronavirus. The elevation in cardiac markers was probably due to secondary and systemic consequences and can be considered as the warning sign for recent adverse clinical outcomes of the patients.
JO  - International Journal of Cardiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2020.03.087
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167527320311153
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 台灣綠營反中騙票，南韓神棍我行我素，日本政府不理不驗：澳門應對新冠病毒棋高一著
AU  - 譚志強
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 澳門月刊
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 278
PG  - 22-24
SP  - 22
EP  - 24
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 疫情連環大追問—我們在三重青少年基地談武漢肺炎
AU  - 王士誠
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 人本教育札記
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 369
PG  - 30-32
SP  - 30
EP  - 32
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Thoughts on the reform of preventive medicine education in the context of new medicine]
AU  - Liu, Y.
AU  - Jin, G. F.
AU  - Wang, J. M.
AU  - Xia, Y. K.
AU  - Shen, H. B.
AU  - Wang, C. Q.
AU  - Hu, Z. B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Talent training is the core and foundation of public health system construction. Shortage of talents in the field of disease prevention and public health exposed by COVID-19 pandemic highlights the importance of developing preventive medical education. This article analyzes the challenges of medical education in the dilemma of "separation of medical treatment and prevention", and the new requirements for preventive medical education in the construction of New Medicine under the Healthy China strategy. Four aspects including stepping up the resource allocation and investment, educating responsible public health professionals, the education of all medical students who implement the core competence of public health, and the establishment of a continuing education system for preventive medicine have been considered. A series of specific suggestions are put forward including the establishment of a full-chain closed-loop research system to support the cultivation of top-notch innovative public health talents, strengthening the assessment of core public health capabilities for clinical medical professional admission, formulating a "medical and preventive integration" training program for primary health personnel, and implementing "combination of peace and war" public health personnel reserve system, with the purpose of providing reference for the reform and development of preventive medical education in China.
JO  - Zhonghua yu fang yi xue za zhi [Chinese journal of preventive medicine]
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 0
PG  - E030-E030
SP  - E030
EP  - E030
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20200328-00461
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Consideration of surgeons participating in COVID-19 emergency medical rescue]
AU  - Li, S.
AU  - Li, X. D.
AU  - Wang, G. P.
AU  - Liang, C.
AU  - Jing, J. P.
AU  - Liu, M. M.
AU  - Zhang, C.
AU  - Lin, T.
AU  - Zhou, Y. H.
AU  - Song, Y. Z.
AU  - Tan, C.
AU  - Wang, Q.
AU  - Fan, L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As a newly epidemic, COVID-19 with a concentrated outbreak poses a great challenge to medical treatment. The severe and critical patients are complex complicatied with the psychological problems, and the medical staff are overworked and under tremendous psychological pressure. The surgeon participated in emergency medical rescue could provide professional treatment for the patients combined with surgical diseases, specialized training for the non-surgeon crew, to reduce surgical-related mortality. With the advantages of good team consciousness, strong aseptic concept and good psychological quality, the surgeons can quickly adapt to and carry out rescue work under the premise of good self-protection. Surgeons need to develop critical care management concepts and focus on the critical care support equipment associated with the outbreak. Some suggestions are put forward for the standardized training of resident surgeons to cultivate compound talents. It is hoped that this artical can lead to the thinking of how to participate in the emergency medical rescue of infectious diseases among surgeons and provide some enlightenment for future surgical education.
JO  - Zhonghua wai ke za zhi [Chinese journal of surgery]
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 58
IS  - 0
PG  - E025-E025
SP  - E025
EP  - E025
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112139-20200317-00226
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Surgery in COVID-19 patients: operational directives
AU  - Coccolini, Federico
AU  - Perrone, Gennaro
AU  - Chiarugi, Massimo
AU  - Di Marzo, Francesco
AU  - Ansaloni, Luca
AU  - Scandroglio, Ildo
AU  - Marini, Pierluigi
AU  - Zago, Mauro
AU  - De Paolis, Paolo
AU  - Forfori, Francesco
AU  - Agresta, Ferdinando
AU  - Puzziello, Alessandro
AU  - D’Ugo, Domenico
AU  - Bignami, Elena
AU  - Bellini, Valentina
AU  - Vitali, Pietro
AU  - Petrini, Flavia
AU  - Pifferi, Barbara
AU  - Corradi, Francesco
AU  - Tarasconi, Antonio
AU  - Pattonieri, Vittoria
AU  - Bonati, Elena
AU  - Tritapepe, Luigi
AU  - Agnoletti, Vanni
AU  - Corbella, Davide
AU  - Sartelli, Massimo
AU  - Catena, Fausto
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The current COVID-19 pandemic underlines the importance of a mindful utilization of financial and human resources. Preserving resources and manpower is paramount in healthcare. It is important to ensure the ability of surgeons and specialized professionals to function through the pandemic. A conscious effort should be made to minimize infection in this sector. A high mortality rate within this group would be detrimental. This manuscript is the result of a collaboration between the major Italian surgical and anesthesiologic societies: ACOI, SIC, SICUT, SICO, SICG, SIFIPAC, SICE, and SIAARTI. We aim to describe recommended clinical pathways for COVID-19-positive patients requiring acute non-deferrable surgical care. All hospitals should organize dedicated protocols and workforce training as part of the effort to face the current pandemic.
JO  - World Journal of Emergency Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 15
IS  - 1
PG  - 25-25
SP  - 25
EP  - 25
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s13017-020-00307-2
UR  - https://wjes.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13017-020-00307-2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Caring for the carers: Ensuring the provision of quality maternity care during a global pandemic
AU  - Wilson, Alyce N.
AU  - Ravaldi, Claudia
AU  - Scoullar, Michelle J. L.
AU  - Vogel, Joshua P.
AU  - Szabo, Rebecca A.
AU  - Fisher, Jane R. W.
AU  - Homer, Caroline S. E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 pandemic is impacting health systems worldwide. Maternity care providers must continue their core business in caring and supporting women, newborns and their families whilst also adapting to a rapidly changing health system environment. This article provides an overview of important considerations for supporting the emotional, mental and physical health needs of maternity care providers in the context of the unprecedented crisis that COVID-19 presents. Cooperation, planning ahead and adequate availability of PPE is critical. Thinking about the needs of maternity providers to prevent stress and burnout is essential. Emotional and psychological support needs to be available throughout the response. Prioritising food, rest and exercise are important. Healthcare workers are every country’s most valuable resource and maternity providers need to be supported to provide the best quality care they can to women and newborns in exceptionally trying circumstances.
JO  - Women and Birth
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wombi.2020.03.011
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1871519220302122
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Fighting against the common enemy of COVID-19: a practice of building a community with a shared future for mankind
AU  - Qian, Xu
AU  - Ren, Ran
AU  - Wang, Youfa
AU  - Guo, Yan
AU  - Fang, Jing
AU  - Wu, Zhong-Dao
AU  - Liu, Pei-Long
AU  - Han, Tie-Ru
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused more than 80 813 confirmed cases in all provinces of China, and 21 110 cases reported in 93 countries of six continents as of 7 March 2020 since middle December 2019. Due to biological nature of the novel coronavirus, named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) with faster spreading and unknown transmission pattern, it makes us in a difficulty position to contain the disease transmission globally. To date, we have found it is one of the greatest challenges to human beings in fighting against COVID-19 in the history, because SARS-CoV-2 is different from SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV in terms of biological features and transmissibility, and also found the containment strategies including the non-pharmaceutical public health measures implemented in China are effective and successful. In order to prevent a potential pandemic-level outbreak of COVID-19, we, as a community of shared future for mankind, recommend for all international leaders to support preparedness in low and middle income countries especially, take strong global interventions by using old approaches or new tools, mobilize global resources to equip hospital facilities and supplies to protect noisome infections and to provide personal protective tools such as facemask to general population, and quickly initiate research projects on drug and vaccine development. We also recommend for the international community to develop better coordination, cooperation, and strong solidarity in the joint efforts of fighting against COVID-19 spreading recommended by the joint mission report of the WHO-China experts, against violating the International Health Regulation (WHO, 2005), and against stigmatization, in order to eventually win the battle against our common enemy — COVID-19.
JO  - Infectious Diseases of Poverty
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
PG  - 34-34
SP  - 34
EP  - 34
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s40249-020-00650-1
UR  - https://idpjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40249-020-00650-1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Alert for SARS-CoV-2 infection caused by fecal aerosols in rural areas in China
AU  - Meng, Xiujuan
AU  - Huang, Xun
AU  - Zhou, Pengcheng
AU  - Li, Chunhui
AU  - Wu, Anhua
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - Recent studies found that SARS-CoV-2 can be detected in fecal and urine of COVID-19 cases, especially the asymptomatic cases . SARS-CoV can persist in feces from infected people for as long as four days, and SARS-CoV-2 may persist in feces for a longer time. Based on these characteristics, COVID-19 is prone to cause outbreaks in the community, particularly in rural areas. Excreta treatment in scattered rural areas is generally decentralized and self-processing. In concentrated areas, residents mainly use flush toilets, which can generate huge quantities of aerosols; the ventilation and plumbing systems in these places are not effective for maximal hygiene. The feces may form high concentrations of viral aerosols, and travel through the air to cause infection. In order to prevent the spread of fecal aerosols, we recommend the following points. First, to avoid wide spread viral aerosols in concentrated areas, state-of-the-art ventilation and plumbing systems should be constructed and maintained.
JO  - Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/ice.2020.114
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/alert-for-sarscov2-infection-caused-by-fecal-aerosols-in-rural-areas-in-china/1126ADB665A9AD9820B25AD5D6276B58
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Challenging Times for Children With Transfusion-dependent Thalassemia Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Yadav, Urmila
AU  - Pal, Rimesh
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Indian pediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Radiographic and Clinical Features of Children with 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pneumonia
AU  - Li, Bo
AU  - Shen, Jie
AU  - Li, Liang
AU  - Yu, Chengxin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate chest computed tomography (CT) findings in children with coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pneumonia in our hospital. METHODS: This study included 22 pediatric patients with confirmed COVID-19 from January to March 2020. The chest CT images and clinical data were reviewed. RESULTS: The most prevalent presenting symptoms were fever (64%) and cough (59%), and a mildly elevated mean (SD) C-reactive protein (CRP) level of 11.22(11.06) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate of 18.8 (15.17) were detected. The major CT abnormalities observed were mixed ground-glass opacity and consolidation lesions (36%), consolidations (32%), and ground-glass opacities (14%). Peripheral distribution (45%) of lung lesions was predominant. Most of the lesions were multilobar (68%), with an average of three lung segments involved. CONCLUSION: Children with COVID-19 had relatively milder symptoms and less severe lung inflammation than adults. Chest CT plays an important role in the management of children with COVID-19 pneumonia.
JO  - Indian pediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and online teaching in higher education: A case study of Peking University
AU  - Bao, Wei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Starting from the spring of 2020, the outbreak of the COVID-19 caused Chinese universities to close the campuses and forced them to initiate online teaching. This paper focuses on a case of Peking University's online education. Six specific instructional strategies are presented to summarize current online teaching experiences for university instructors who might conduct online education in similar circumstances. The study concludes with five high-impact principles for online education: (a) high relevance between online instructional design and student learning, (b) effective delivery on online instructional information, (c) adequate support provided by faculty and teaching assistants to students; (d) high-quality participation to improve the breadth and depth of student's learning, and (e) contingency plan to deal with unexpected incidents of online education platforms.
JO  - Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/hbe2.191
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/hbe2.191
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibition in Cardiovascular Patients at the Time of COVID19: Much Ado for Nothing? A Statement of Activity from the Directors of the Board and the Scientific Directors of the Italian Society of Hypertension
AU  - Iaccarino, Guido
AU  - Borghi, Claudio
AU  - Cicero, Arrigo F. G.
AU  - Ferri, Claudio
AU  - Minuz, Pietro
AU  - Muiesan, Maria Lorenza
AU  - Mulatero, Paolo
AU  - Mulè, Giuseppe
AU  - Pucci, Giacomo
AU  - Salvetti, Massimo
AU  - Savoia, Carmine
AU  - Sechi, Leonardo Alberto
AU  - Volpe, Massimo
AU  - Grassi, Guido
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Cardiovascular diseases, in particular hypertension, as well as the cardiovascular treatment with Renin–Angiotensin System inhibitors such as Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs), are claimed once again as mechanisms of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) during the COVID-19 outbreak due to Cov-2 epidemics. In vitro studies are available to support the eventual role of ACE inhibitors and ARBs in both the promotion and antagonism of the disease. The available literature, indeed, presents contrasting results, all concentrated in experimental models. Evidence in humans is lacking that those mechanisms are actually occurring in the present COVID-19 outbreak. Here we present the reasoned statement of the Italian Society of Hypertension to maintain ongoing antihypertensive treatments. Furthermore, the Italian Society of Hypertension presents its own initiative to investigate the issue using an online questionnaire to collect relevant data in human disease.
JO  - High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s40292-020-00380-3
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s40292-020-00380-3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Considering mutational meltdown as a potential SARS-CoV-2 treatment strategy
AU  - Jensen, Jeffrey D.
AU  - Lynch, Michael
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Heredity
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41437-020-0314-z
UR  - http://www.nature.com/articles/s41437-020-0314-z
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Maxillofacial Trauma Management During COVID-19: Multidisciplinary Recommendations
AU  - Edwards, Sean P.
AU  - Kasten, Steve
AU  - Nelson, Christine
AU  - Elner, Vic
AU  - McKean, Erin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Facial Plastic Surgery & Aesthetic Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - fpsam.2020.0158-fpsam.2020.0158
SP  - fpsam.2020.0158
EP  - fpsam.2020.0158
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1089/fpsam.2020.0158
UR  - https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/fpsam.2020.0158
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A comprehensive Chinese experience against SARS-CoV-2 in ophthalmology
AU  - Yu, A. Yong
AU  - Tu, Ruixue
AU  - Shao, Xu
AU  - Pan, Anpeng
AU  - Zhou, Kaijing
AU  - Huang, Jinhai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has now swept through the continents and poses a global threat to public health. Several investigations have been conducted to identify whether COVID-19 can be transmitted through the ocular route, and the conclusion is that it is a potential route but remains uncertain. Due to the face-to-face communication with patients, frequent exposure to tears and ocular discharge, and the unavoidable use of equipment which requires close proximity, ophthalmologists carry a high risk of contracting severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Based on 33 articles published by Chinese scholars, guidelines and clinical practice experience in domestic hospitals, we have summarized the Chinese experience through the lens of ophthalmology, hoping to make a contribution to protecting ophthalmologists and patients around the world.
JO  - Eye and Vision
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 7
IS  - 1
PG  - 19-19
SP  - 19
EP  - 19
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s40662-020-00187-2
UR  - https://eandv.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40662-020-00187-2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - What can European radiologists learn from the outbreak of COVID-19 in China? A discussion with a radiologist from Wuhan
AU  - Gutzeit, Andreas
AU  - Li, Qiubai
AU  - Matoori, Simon
AU  - Li, Basen
AU  - Wang, Liang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00330-020-06841-6
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00330-020-06841-6
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: TESTING THE LIMITS OF HUMAN RIGHTS
AU  - Spadaro, Alessandra
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - In addressing this issue, this article starts by explaining why the taking of measures to contain the pandemic is warranted under human rights law. The article shows that, at the same time, some measures can have a detrimental effect on the enjoyment of a number of human rights. With a focus on the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) and on the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR), the article then proceeds to analyse the conditions under which States may legitimately interfere with certain human rights through either limitations or derogations and highlights some areas of concern in this respect. It concludes that while the curtailment of certain freedoms might be temporarily necessary to deal with the COVID-19 outbreak, such curtailment should be carefully limited and constantly monitored so as to avoid abuses.
JO  - European Journal of Risk Regulation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-7
SP  - 1
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/err.2020.27
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/covid19-testing-the-limits-of-human-rights/DED8334F9C1D793ACDB43054A2A9F19C
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Covid-19 Pandemic and International Trade: Temporary Turbulences or Paradigm Shift?
AU  - Gruszczynski, Lukasz
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - Perhapsthe first and bested way to prevent the spread of these contagious and deadly diseases is to modify and correct the food culture worldwide. Therefore, there is a need for international communities, especially in global health, to plan and implement strategies, rules, and guidelines on food habits and food consumption to prevent recurrence of such Coivd-19. Such countries and organizations that have successful experiences in food consumption can take part. Consider the rules on the prohibition of the certain foods, food preparation, food storing and cooking, and eating raw animal foods. The use new and safe technologies such as the use of probiotics and probiotic foods can be helpful and the consumption of herbal foods (vegan food) can also be considered.
JO  - European Journal of Risk Regulation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-6
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/err.2020.29
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/covid19-pandemic-and-international-trade-temporary-turbulences-or-paradigm-shift/8C76595B1E954E601EAF91F0E6C23492
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Is low sodium intake a risk factor for severe and fatal COVID-19 infection?
AU  - Post, Adrian
AU  - Dullaart, Robin P. F.
AU  - Bakker, Stephan J. L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Journal of Internal Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejim.2020.04.003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0953620520301175
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Nutritional management in hospital setting during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: a real-life experience
AU  - Cintoni, Marco
AU  - Rinninella, Emanuele
AU  - Annetta, Maria Giuseppina
AU  - Mele, Maria Cristina
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Journal of Clinical Nutrition
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41430-020-0625-4
UR  - http://www.nature.com/articles/s41430-020-0625-4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 experience in Bergamo, Italy
AU  - Senni, Michele
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Heart Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa279
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/advance-article/doi/10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa279/5816894
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Denominator matters in estimating COVID-19 mortality rates
AU  - Gaye, Bamba
AU  - Fanidi, Anouar
AU  - Jouven, Xavier
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Heart Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa282
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/advance-article/doi/10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa282/5816893
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Strategies to control COVID-19 and future pandemics in Africa and around the globe
AU  - Fanidi, Anouar
AU  - Jouven, Xavier
AU  - Gaye, Bamba
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Heart Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa278
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/advance-article/doi/10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa278/5816892
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - High Contagiousness and Rapid Spread of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2
AU  - Sanche, Steven
AU  - Lin, Yen Ting
AU  - Xu, Chonggang
AU  - Romero-Severson, Ethan
AU  - Hengartner, Nick
AU  - Ke, Ruian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is the causative agent of the 2019 novel coronavirus disease pandemic. Initial estimates of the early dynamics of the outbreak in Wuhan, China, suggested a doubling time of the number of infected persons of 6-7 days and a basic reproductive number (R(0)) of 2.2-2.7. We collected extensive individual case reports across China and estimated key epidemiologic parameters, including the incubation period. We then designed 2 mathematical modeling approaches to infer the outbreak dynamics in Wuhan by using high-resolution domestic travel and infection data. Results show that the doubling time early in the epidemic in Wuhan was 2.3-3.3 days. Assuming a serial interval of 6-9 days, we calculated a median R(0) value of 5.7 (95% CI 3.8-8.9). We further show that active surveillance, contact tracing, quarantine, and early strong social distancing efforts are needed to stop transmission of the virus.
JO  - Emerging infectious diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 26
IS  - 7
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3201/eid2607.200282
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Calculated decisions: COVID-19 calculators during extreme resource-limited situations
AU  - Steinberg, Eric
AU  - Balakrishna, Aditi
AU  - Habboushe, Joseph
AU  - Shawl, Arsalan
AU  - Lee, Jarone
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In the near future, clinicians may face scenarios in which there are not have enough resources (ventilators, ECMO machines, etc) available for the number of critically sick COVID-19 patients. There may not be enough healthcare workers, as those who are positive for COVID-19 or those who have been exposed to the virus and need to be quarantined. During these worst-case scenarios, new crisis standards of care and thresholds for intensive care unit (ICU) admissions will be needed. Clinical decision scores may support the clinician's decision-making, especially if properly adapted for this unique pandemic and for the patient being treated. This review discusses the use of clinical prediction scores for pneumonia severity at 3 main decision points to examine which scores may provide value in this unique situation. Initial data from a cohort of over 44,000 COVID-19 patients in China, including risk factors for mortality, were compared with data from cohorts used to study the clinical scores, in order to estimate the potential appropriateness of each score and determine how to best adjust results at the bedside.
JO  - Emergency medicine practice
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 22
IS  - 4 Suppl
PG  - CD1-CD5
SP  - CD1
EP  - CD5
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Informing Emergency Care for COVID-19 patients: The COVID-19 Emergency Department (COVED) Quality Improvement Project Protocol
AU  - O'Reilly, G. M.
AU  - Mitchell, R. D.
AU  - Noonan, M. P.
AU  - Hiller, R.
AU  - Mitra, B.
AU  - Brichko, L.
AU  - Luckhoff, C.
AU  - Paton, A.
AU  - Smit, D. V.
AU  - Santamaria, M. J.
AU  - Cameron, P. A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - There is an urgency to support Australian ED clinicians with real-time tools as the COVID-19 pandemic evolves. The COVID-19 Emergency Department (COVED) Quality Improvement Project has commenced and will provide flexible and responsive clinical tools to determine the predictors of key ED-relevant clinical outcomes. The COVED Project includes all adult patients presenting to a participating ED and meeting contemporary testing criteria for COVID-19. Outcomes measured include being COVID-19 positive and requiring intensive respiratory support. The dataset has been embedded in the Electronic Medical Record and the COVED Registry has been developed. Regression methodology will be used to generate clinical prediction tools. This project will support EDs during this pandemic. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Emergency medicine Australasia : EMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/1742-6723.13513
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19, chronicle of an expected pandemic
AU  - Sansonetti, Philippe
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - What is COVID-19? What are the causes, parameters, and effects of this disease? What are the short- and long-term prospects? Philippe Sansonetti, Infectious disease specialist and Chief Editor of EMBO Molecular Medicine, explains why the fate of the epidemic is in our hands.
JO  - EMBO molecular medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.15252/emmm.202012463
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Potential harmful effects of discontinuing ACE-inhibitors and ARBs in COVID-19 patients
AU  - Rossi, Gian Paolo
AU  - Sanga, Viola
AU  - Barton, Matthias
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The discovery that SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2) RNA binds to the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)-2, which is highly expressed in the lower airways, explained why SARS-CoV-2 causes acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and respiratory failure. After this, news spread that ACEis and ARBs would be harmful in SARS-CoV-2-infected subjects. To the contrary, compelling evidence exists that the ACE-1/angiotensin(Ang)II/ATR-1 pathway is involved in SARS-CoV-2-induced ARDS, while the ACE-2/Ang(1-7)/ATR2/MasR pathway counteracts the harmful actions of AngII in the lung. A reduced ACE-1/ACE-2 ratio is, in fact, a feature of ARDS that can be rescued by human recombinant ACE-2 and Ang(1-7) administration, thus preventing SARS-CoV-2-induced damage to the lung. Based on the current clinical evidence treatment with ACE-inhibitors I (ACEis) or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) continues to provide cardiovascular and renal protection in patients diagnosed with COVID-19. Discontinuing these medications may therefore be potentially harmful in this patient population.
JO  - eLife
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7554/eLife.57278
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chloroquine for COVID-19 Infection
AU  - Moore, Nicholas
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Drug Safety
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s40264-020-00933-4
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s40264-020-00933-4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy Can Transcend Perianal Crohn’s Disease: How Colorectal Surgeons Can Help in the COVID-19 Crisis
AU  - Lightner, Amy L.
AU  - García-Olmo, Damián
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Diseases of the Colon & Rectum
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Publish Ahead of Print
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00003453-900000000-99693
DO  - 10.1097/dcr.0000000000001700
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/dcrjournal/Fulltext/publishahead/Mesenchymal_Stem_Cell_Therapy_Can_Transcend.99693.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Challenges in paediatric inflammatory bowel diseases in the COVID-19 time
AU  - Dipasquale, Valeria
AU  - Cucchiara, Salvatore
AU  - Martinelli, Massimo
AU  - Miele, Erasmo
AU  - Aloi, Marina
AU  - Romano, Claudio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Digestive and Liver Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dld.2020.03.015
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1590865820301171
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19 and cancer patients: choosing wisely is the key
AU  - Cannizzaro, Renato
AU  - Puglisi, Fabio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Digestive and Liver Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dld.2020.03.030
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1590865820301328
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A case of exacerbation of psoriasis after oseltamivir and hydroxychloroquine in a patient with COVID-19: Will cases of psoriasis increase after COVID-19 pandemic?
AU  - Kutlu, Ömer
AU  - Metin, Ahmet
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Dermatologic therapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - e13383-e13383
SP  - e13383
EP  - e13383
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/dth.13383
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Erfordern besondere Zeiten besondere Maßnahmen?
AU  - Höffken, Klaus
AU  - Schlag, Peter M.
AU  - Schmidberger, Heinz
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Der Onkologe
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00761-020-00767-w
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00761-020-00767-w
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - EDITORIAL: COVID-19 and Anxiety and Depression in 2020
AU  - Stein, Murray B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Depression and Anxiety
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 37
IS  - 4
PG  - 302-302
SP  - 302
EP  - 302
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/da.23014
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/da.23014
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Social Media Use During Social Distancing
AU  - Wiederhold, Brenda K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - cyber.2020.29181.bkw-cyber.2020.29181.bkw
SP  - cyber.2020.29181.bkw
EP  - cyber.2020.29181.bkw
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1089/cyber.2020.29181.bkw
UR  - https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/cyber.2020.29181.bkw
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Facing COVID-19 in Ophthalmology department
AU  - Romano, Mario R.
AU  - Montericcio, Alessio
AU  - Montalbano, Clara
AU  - Raimondi, Raffaele
AU  - Allegrini, Davide
AU  - Ricciardelli, Gabriella
AU  - Angi, Martina
AU  - Pagano, Luca
AU  - Romano, Vito
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Purpose To provide useful guidelines, targeted at ophthalmology professionals, to minimize COVID-19 infection of both healthcare workers and patients.Methods In this review we present updated literature merged with our experience from hospitals in Bergamo, the epicenter of the COVID-19 European outbreak.Results Non-pharmaceutical interventions, hygienic recommendations and personal protective equipment to contain viral spread as well as a suggested risk assessment for postponement of non-urgent cases should be applied in ophthalmologist activity. A triage for ophthalmic outpatient clinic is mandatory.Conclusion Ophthalmology practice should be reorganized in order to face COVID-19.
JO  - Current eye research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/02713683.2020.1752737
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Practice of novel method of bedside postpyloric tube placement in patients with coronavirus disease 2019
AU  - Yuan, Shou-Tao
AU  - Zhang, Wen-Hao
AU  - Zou, Lei
AU  - Sun, Jia-Kui
AU  - Liu, Ying
AU  - Shi, Qian-Kun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Critical Care
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 24
IS  - 1
PG  - 135-135
SP  - 135
EP  - 135
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s13054-020-02863-0
UR  - https://ccforum.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13054-020-02863-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A new clinical trial to test high-dose vitamin C in patients with COVID-19
AU  - Carr, Anitra C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Critical Care
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 24
IS  - 1
PG  - 133-133
SP  - 133
EP  - 133
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s13054-020-02851-4
UR  - https://ccforum.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13054-020-02851-4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and the RAAS—a potential role for angiotensin II?
AU  - Busse, Laurence W.
AU  - Chow, Jonathan H.
AU  - McCurdy, Michael T.
AU  - Khanna, Ashish K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Critical Care
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 24
IS  - 1
PG  - 136-136
SP  - 136
EP  - 136
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s13054-020-02862-1
UR  - https://ccforum.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13054-020-02862-1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Contracting and Reporting Conservatism around a Change in Fiduciary Duties
AU  - Bens, Daniel
AU  - Huang, Sterling
AU  - Tan, Liang
AU  - Wongsunwai, Wan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - ABSTRACT We exploit an influential 1991 Delaware court ruling to examine simultaneously two types of conservatism that play important roles in resolving creditor-owner agency conflicts: contracting conservatism and reporting conservatism. The ruling expanded managerial fiduciary duties in favor of creditors for Delaware-incorporated firms in the vicinity of insolvency. In those firms, following the ruling, debt contracts are less likely to include conservative adjustments to accounting numbers used for covenant compliance (i.e., contracting conservatism decreases), while public financial reporting becomes more conservative (i.e., reporting conservatism increases). The decrease in contracting conservatism is concentrated in firms that exhibit a greater increase in reporting conservatism, suggesting that reporting conservatism is more cost effective in resolving agency conflicts. In addition, the substitution effect is more pronounced in firms facing greater business uncertainty and firms with greater board independence. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Contemporary Accounting Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/1911-3846.12607
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/1911-3846.12607
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Neurological manifestations in COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Baig, Abdul Mannan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/cns.13372
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/cns.13372
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Rapid and visual detection of 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) by a reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay
AU  - Yan, Chao
AU  - Cui, Jinghua
AU  - Huang, Lei
AU  - Du, Bing
AU  - Chen, Lu
AU  - Xue, Guanhua
AU  - Li, Shaoli
AU  - Zhang, Weiwei
AU  - Zhao, Linqing
AU  - Sun, Yu
AU  - Yao, Hailan
AU  - Li, Nannan
AU  - Zhao, Hanqing
AU  - Feng, Yanling
AU  - Liu, Shiyu
AU  - Zhang, Qun
AU  - Liu, Di
AU  - Yuan, Jing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To evaluate a reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and compare it with RT polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Methods We designed primers specific to the orf1ab and S genes of SARS-CoV-2. Total viral RNA was extracted using the QIAamp Viral RNA Mini Kit. We optimized the RT-LAMP assay. And, this assay was evaluated for its sensitivity and specificity of detection using real-time turbidity monitoring and visual observation. Results The primer sets orf1ab-4 and S-123 amplified the genes in the shortest times, the mean (±SD) time was 18 ± 1.32 min and 20 ± 1.80 min, respectively, and 63°C was the optimum reaction temperature. The sensitivity was 2×101 copies and 2×102 copies per reaction with primer sets orf1ab-4 and S-123, respectively. This assay showed no cross-reactivity with other 60 respiratory pathogens. To describe the availability of this method in clinical diagnosis, we collected 130 specimens from patients with clinically suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection. Among them, 58 were confirmed to be positive and 72 were negative by RT-LAMP. The sensiticity was 100% (95% CI 92.3% - 100%), specificity 100% (95% CI 93.7% - 100%). This assay detected SARS-CoV-2 in the mean (±SD) time of 26.28 ± 4.48 min and the results can be identified with visual observation. Conclusion These results demonstrate that we developed a rapid, simple, specific, and sensitive RT-LAMP assay for SARS-CoV-2 detection among clinical samples. It will be a powerful tool for SARS-CoV-2 identification, and for monitoring suspected patients, close contacts, and high-risk groups.
JO  - Clinical Microbiology and Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1198743X20301865
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Towards Optimization of Hydroxychloroquine Dosing in Intensive Care Unit COVID-19 Patients
AU  - Perinel, Sophie
AU  - Launay, Manon
AU  - Botelho-Nevers, Élisabeth
AU  - Diconne, Éric
AU  - Louf-Durier, Aurore
AU  - Lachand, Raphaël
AU  - Murgier, Martin
AU  - Page, Dominique
AU  - Vermesch, Régine
AU  - Thierry, Guillaume
AU  - Delavenne, Xavier
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) appears to be a promising treatment for COVID-19. However, all ongoing clinical trials with HCQ use different dosing regimens, resulting on various concentrations PK studies are therefore needed to define the optimal dosing regimen.
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa394
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa394/5816960
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Before the Flood
AU  - Pergam, Steven A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A ripple led to a wave, and the wave a tsunami which ultimately landed, somewhat quietly, on our shores in Washington State. We didn’t know then that cases introduced from outside the US would lead to silent transmission and spread of SARS-CoV-2 into our communities — out of sight and out of our control. We should have been mobilizing as a nation, but were lulled by quarantines and travel restrictions, as policy makers called the virus a hoax, and to articles falsely claiming that the virus was an escaped bioterrorism agent. Americans were more worried about politics than we were about biology. Like any virus, SARS-CoV-2 is engineered by nature, not in a laboratory, to spread easily and undetected — a particle so small, and yet able to bring a nation to its knees. In Seattle, our colleagues at University of Washington (UW), UW Medicine, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center (Fred Hutch), Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, Seattle Children’s and the Brotman-Baty Institute were not unprepared. A large surveillance study (the Seattle Flu Study), previously organized to track influenza and other respiratory viruses in the community, rapidly implemented SARS-CoV-2 testing to detect early cases: this ultimately identified genetic evidence of community transmission in Washington State. Statisticians and modelers had warned of worldwide spread and voiced ominous predictions. In preparation, our virology lab had been working diligently since January to develop an assay to detect the virus. We considered the global situation on our healthcare systems, we prepared for catastrophe, and administrators heeded our warnings. Despite all we knew and prepared for, unforeseen weaknesses in our nation’s preparedness hamstrung our responsiveness. Regulatory frameworks delayed community access to testing. Weak supply chain issues limited our ability to procure additional sanitation supplies and personal protective equipment. Global supplies were sapped by early outbreaks and disruption of production outside the US. Most importantly, restrictive testing criteria and limited capacity crippled our ability to detect and follow local Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article-abstract/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa393/5816959 by kavitaukothari@hotmail.com on 08 April 2020 Accepted Manuscript cases and epidemiologic patterns. These challenges gave the virus a chance to establish a beachhead. In fact when astute clinicians1 and our surveillance systems detected the first community-acquired cases, genomic analysis and predictions from Fred Hutch scientists told us we were already behind the epidemic curve.
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa393
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa393/5816959
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Lockdown contained the spread of 2019 novel coronavirus disease in Huangshi city, China: Early epidemiological findings
AU  - Ji, Tuo
AU  - Chen, Hai-Lian
AU  - Xu, Jing
AU  - Wu, Ling-Ning
AU  - Li, Jie-Jia
AU  - Chen, Kai
AU  - Qin, Gang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background To control the spread of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), China sealed Wuhan on Jan 23, 2020 and soon expanded lockdown to other twelve cities in Hubei province. We aimed to describe the epidemiological characteristics in one of the cities and highlight the effect of current implemented lockdown and nonpharmaceutical interventions. Methods We retrieved data of reported cases in Huangshi and Wuhan from publicly available disease databases. Local epidemiological data on suspected or confirmed cases in Huangshi were collected through field investigation. Epidemic curves were constructed with data on reported and observed cases. Results The accumulated confirmed COVID-19 cases and fatality in Huangshi were reported to be 1015 and 3.74% respectively, compared with 50006 and 5.08% in Wuhan till Mar 27, 2020. Right after Jan 24, the epidemic curve based on observed cases in Huangshi became flattened. Feb 1, 2020 was identified as the “turning point” as the epidemic in Huangshi faded soon afterwards. COVID-19 epidemic was characterized by mild cases in Huangshi, accounting for 82.66% of total cases. Moreover, 50 asymptomatic infections were identified in adults and children. Besides, we found confirmed cases in 19 familial clusters and 21 health care workers, supporting inter-human transmission. Conclusions Our study reported the temporal dynamics and characteristics of the COVID-19 epidemic in Huangshi city, China, across the unprecedented intervention. Such new epidemiological inference might provide further guidance on current lockdown measures in high-risk cities and, subsequently, help improve public health intervention strategies against the pandemic on the country and global levels.
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa390
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa390/5816958
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epigenetic dysregulation of ACE2 and interferon-regulated genes might suggest increased COVID-19 susceptibility and severity in lupus patients
AU  - Sawalha, Amr H.
AU  - Zhao, Ming
AU  - Coit, Patrick
AU  - Lu, Qianjin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 can result in severe respiratory complications and death. Patients with a compromised immune system are expected to be more susceptible to a severe disease course. In this report we suggest that patients with systemic lupus erythematous might be especially prone to severe COVID-19 independent of their immunosuppressed state from lupus treatment. Specially, we provide evidence in lupus to suggest hypomethylation and overexpression of ACE2, which is located on the X chromosome and encodes a functional receptor for the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein. Oxidative stress induced by viral infections exacerbates the DNA methylation defect in lupus, possibly resulting in further ACE2 hypomethylation and enhanced viremia. In addition, demethylation of interferon-regulated genes, NFκB, and key cytokine genes in lupus patients might exacerbate the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 and increase the likelihood of cytokine storm. These arguments suggest that inherent epigenetic dysregulation in lupus might facilitate viral entry, viremia, and an excessive immune response to SARS-CoV-2. Further, maintaining disease remission in lupus patients is critical to prevent a vicious cycle of demethylation and increased oxidative stress, which will exacerbate susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection during the current pandemic. Epigenetic control of the ACE2 gene might be a target for prevention and therapy in COVID-19.
JO  - Clinical Immunology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 108410-108410
SP  - 108410
EP  - 108410
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clim.2020.108410
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1521661620302394
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in a patient with long-term use of glucocorticoids: A study of a familial cluster
AU  - Han, Yuanyuan
AU  - Jiang, Mao
AU  - Xia, Da
AU  - He, Lichao
AU  - Lv, Xin
AU  - Liao, Xiaohua
AU  - Meng, Jie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Clusters of patients with novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been successively reported globally. Studies show clear person-to-person transmission. The average incubation period is 2–14 days, and mostly 3–7 days. However, in some patients, this period may be longer. Here, we report a familial cluster of COVID-19 where a 47-year-old woman with long-term use of glucocorticoids did not develop any symptoms within the 14-day quarantine period but was confirmed with COVID-19 by tested positive of antibody on day 40 after she left Wuhan. Almost at the same time, her father and sister were diagnosed with COVID-19. The results suggest that the long-term use of glucocorticoids might cause atypical infections, a long incubation period, and extra transmission of COVID-19.
JO  - Clinical Immunology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 108413-108413
SP  - 108413
EP  - 108413
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clim.2020.108413
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1521661620302059
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemiology and Clinical Features of Coronavirus disease 2019 in Children
AU  - Choi, Soo-Han
AU  - Kim, Han Wool
AU  - Kang, Ji-Man
AU  - Kim, Dong Hyun
AU  - Cho, Eun Young
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), which started in Wuhan, China, in December 2019 and has been declared a worldwide pandemic in March 11, 2020, is a novel infectious disease that causes respiratory illness and death. Pediatric COVID-19 accounts for a small percentage of patients with outbreaks and is often milder than adults, but can progress to severe disease in some cases. Even neonates can suffer from COVID-19, and children may play a role as a spreader in the community. In this review, we summarize what is known about COVID-19 in children and adolescents until now.
JO  - Clinical and experimental pediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3345/cep.2020.00535
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Daily medical education for confined students during COVID-19 pandemic: a simple videoconference solution
AU  - Moszkowicz, David
AU  - Duboc, Henri
AU  - Dubertret, Caroline
AU  - Roux, Damien
AU  - Bretagnol, Frédéric
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has recently spread globally and is now a pandemic. As a result, university hospitals have had to take unprecedented measures of containment, including asking non-essential staff to stay at home. Medical students practicing in the surgical departments find themselves idle, as non-urgent surgical activity has been canceled, until further notice. Likewise, universities are closed and medical training for students is likely to suffer if teachers do not implement urgent measures to provide continuing education. Thus, we sought to set up a daily medical education procedure for surgical students confined to their homes. We report a simple and free teaching method intended to compensate for the disappearance of daily lessons performed in the surgery department using the Google Hangouts application. This video conference method can be applied to clinical as well as anatomy lessons. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Clinical anatomy (New York, N.Y.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/ca.23601
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Code Blue During the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Chan, Paul S.
AU  - Berg, Robert A.
AU  - Nadkarni, Vinay M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The surging COVID-19 pandemic has raised ethical and moral dilemmas that Western nations with first-rate medical care facilities rarely confront-how to best allocate standard life-saving medical resources when escalating demand outstrips supply. Sadly, these quandaries are familiar challenges in resource-poor countries. What makes this pandemic notable is that the scope and number of reported cases have been primarily in First World nations, raising questions in some settings about the use of emergency treatments like resuscitation care for in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA). This perspective reviews the debate around these ethical and moral dilemmas more broadly but focuses specifically on IHCA and the response of the medical community.
JO  - Circulation. Cardiovascular quality and outcomes
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.120.006779
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and the Heart
AU  - Akhmerov, Akbarshakh
AU  - Marban, Eduardo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Infection with the novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, produces a clinical syndrome known as COVID-19. When severe, COVID-19 is a systemic illness characterized by hyperinflammation, cytokine storm and elevations of cardiac injury biomarkers. Here we review what is known about the pathophysiology of COVID-19, its cardiovascular manifestations, and emerging therapeutic prospects. In this rapidly moving field, this review was comprehensive as of April 3, 2020.
JO  - Circulation research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.120.317055
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - NYC Innocence Lost: Cardiology in the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Narula, Nupoor
AU  - Singh, Harsimran S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Circulation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.047265
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Protecting Medical Trainees on the COVID-19 Frontlines Saves Us All
AU  - Harrington, Robert A.
AU  - Elkind, Mitchell S. V.
AU  - Benjamin, Ivor J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Circulation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - CIRCULATIONAHA.120.047454-CIRCULATIONAHA.120.047454
SP  - CIRCULATIONAHA.120.047454
EP  - CIRCULATIONAHA.120.047454
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.047454
UR  - https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.047454
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin Can Be An Ally in the Fight Against COVID-19
AU  - Chapman, Andrew R.
AU  - Bularga, Anda
AU  - Mills, Nicholas L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Circulation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - CIRCULATIONAHA.120.047008-CIRCULATIONAHA.120.047008
SP  - CIRCULATIONAHA.120.047008
EP  - CIRCULATIONAHA.120.047008
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.047008
UR  - https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.047008
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Outbreak: An Overview
AU  - Ciotti, Marco
AU  - Angeletti, Silvia
AU  - Minieri, Marilena
AU  - Giovannetti, Marta
AU  - Benvenuto, Domenico
AU  - Pascarella, Stefano
AU  - Sagnelli, Caterina
AU  - Bianchi, Martina
AU  - Bernardini, Sergio
AU  - Ciccozzi, Massimo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: In late December 2019, Chinese health authorities reported an outbreak of pneumonia of unknown origin in Wuhan, Hubei Province. SUMMARY: A few days later, the genome of a novel coronavirus was released (http://viro-logical.org/t/novel-2019-coronavirus-genome/319; Wuhan-Hu-1, GenBank accession No. MN908947) and made publicly available to the scientific community. This novel coronavirus was provisionally named 2019-nCoV, now SARS-CoV-2 according to the Coronavirus Study Group of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. SARS-CoV-2 belongs to the Coronaviridae family, Betacoronavirus genus, subgenus Sarbecovirus. Since its discovery, the virus has spread globally, causing thousands of deaths and having an enormous impact on our health systems and economies. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about the epidemiology, phylogenesis, homology modeling, and molecular diagnostics of SARS-CoV-2. Key Messages: Phylogenetic analysis is essential to understand viral evolution, whereas homology modeling is important for vaccine strategies and therapies. Highly sensitive and specific diagnostic assays are key to case identification, contact tracing, identification of the animal source, and implementation of control measures.
JO  - Chemotherapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-9
SP  - 1
EP  - 9
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1159/000507423
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Keeping the Wheels of the Scientific Endeavor Turning during the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Justman, Quincey
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Cell Systems
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.cels.2020.03.007
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cels.2020.03.007
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - International perspectives: Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on cytology
AU  - Rossi, Esther Diana
AU  - Pantanowitz, Liron
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Cancer cytopathology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/cncy.22275
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cytologic and histologic samples from patients infected by the novel coronavirus 2019 SARS-CoV-2: An italian institutional experience focusing on biosafety procedures
AU  - Rossi, Esther Diana
AU  - Fadda, Guido
AU  - Mule, Antonino
AU  - Zannoni, Gian Franco
AU  - Rindi, Guido
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The 2019 coronavirus pandemic, which started in Wuhan, China, spread around the globe with dramatic and lethal effects. From the initial Chinese epicenter, the European diaspora taxed the resources of several countries and especially those of Italy, which was forced into a complete social and economic shutdown. Infection by droplets contaminating hands and surfaces represents the main vehicle of diffusion of the virus. The common and strong efforts to contain the pandemic have relevant effects on the management of samples from histopathology laboratories. The current commentary reports and focuses on the protocols and guidelines in use at a large tertiary Italian hospital that accordingly are proposed for adoption in Italian laboratories as a potential model for national guidelines for the coronavirus emergency.
JO  - Cancer cytopathology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/cncy.22281
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Going remote: Maintaining normalcy in our pathology laboratories during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Madrigal, Emilio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Cancer cytopathology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/cncy.22276
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Biosafety in the preparation and processing of cytology specimens with potential coronavirus (COVID-19) infection: Perspectives from Taiwan
AU  - Chen, Chien-Chin
AU  - Chi, Chia-Yu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Cancer cytopathology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/cncy.22280
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Managing chronic wounds during novel coronavirus pneumonia outbreak
AU  - Wang, Rui
AU  - Peng, Yanzhen
AU  - Jiang, Yufeng
AU  - Gu, Jianwen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Burns & Trauma
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 8
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/burnst/tkaa016
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/burnstrauma/article/doi/10.1093/burnst/tkaa016/5817040
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Adverse Skin Reactions Among Healthcare Workers During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Outbreak: A Survey in Wuhan and Its Surrounding Regions
AU  - Lin, P.
AU  - Zhu, S.
AU  - Huang, Y.
AU  - Li, L.
AU  - Tao, J.
AU  - Lei, T.
AU  - Song, J.
AU  - Liu, D.
AU  - Chen, L.
AU  - Shi, Y.
AU  - Jiang, S.
AU  - Liu, Q.
AU  - Xie, J.
AU  - Chen, H.
AU  - Duan, Y.
AU  - Xia, Y.
AU  - Zhou, Y.
AU  - Mei, Y.
AU  - Zhou, X.
AU  - Wu, J.
AU  - Fang, M.
AU  - Meng, Z.
AU  - Li, H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - During the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), healthcare workers (HCWs) caring for COVID-19 patient have to wear personal protective equipment (PPE) and are therefore susceptible to PPE-related adverse skin reactions. However, little is known about the prevalence and characteristics of these adverse skin reactions and their associated risk factors.
JO  - The British journal of dermatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/bjd.19089
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Invisible Enemy That Will Change the World Forever
AU  - Edison, Paul
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Brain Connectivity
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - brain.2020.29007.ped-brain.2020.29007.ped
SP  - brain.2020.29007.ped
EP  - brain.2020.29007.ped
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1089/brain.2020.29007.ped
UR  - https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/brain.2020.29007.ped
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prediction models for diagnosis and prognosis of covid-19 infection: systematic review and critical appraisal
AU  - Wynants, Laure
AU  - Van Calster, Ben
AU  - Bonten, Marc M. J.
AU  - Collins, Gary S.
AU  - Debray, Thomas P. A.
AU  - De Vos, Maarten
AU  - Haller, Maria C.
AU  - Heinze, Georg
AU  - Moons, Karel G. M.
AU  - Riley, Richard D.
AU  - Schuit, Ewoud
AU  - Smits, Luc J. M.
AU  - Snell, Kym I. E.
AU  - Steyerberg, Ewout W.
AU  - Wallisch, Christine
AU  - van Smeden, Maarten
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To review and critically appraise published and preprint reports of prediction models for diagnosing coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) in patients with suspected infection, for prognosis of patients with covid-19, and for detecting people in the general population at risk of being admitted to hospital for covid-19 pneumonia. Design Rapid systematic review and critical appraisal. Data sources PubMed and Embase through Ovid, Arxiv, medRxiv, and bioRxiv up to 24 March 2020. Study selection Studies that developed or validated a multivariable covid-19 related prediction model. Data extraction At least two authors independently extracted data using the CHARMS (critical appraisal and data extraction for systematic reviews of prediction modelling studies) checklist; risk of bias was assessed using PROBAST (prediction model risk of bias assessment tool). Results 2696 titles were screened, and 27 studies describing 31 prediction models were included. Three models were identified for predicting hospital admission from pneumonia and other events (as proxy outcomes for covid-19 pneumonia) in the general population; 18 diagnostic models for detecting covid-19 infection (13 were machine learning based on computed tomography scans); and 10 prognostic models for predicting mortality risk, progression to severe disease, or length of hospital stay. Only one study used patient data from outside of China. The most reported predictors of presence of covid-19 in patients with suspected disease included age, body temperature, and signs and symptoms. The most reported predictors of severe prognosis in patients with covid-19 included age, sex, features derived from computed tomography scans, C reactive protein, lactic dehydrogenase, and lymphocyte count. C index estimates ranged from 0.73 to 0.81 in prediction models for the general population (reported for all three models), from 0.81 to more than 0.99 in diagnostic models (reported for 13 of the 18 models), and from 0.85 to 0.98 in prognostic models (reported for six of the 10 models). All studies were rated at high risk of bias, mostly because of non-representative selection of control patients, exclusion of patients who had not experienced the event of interest by the end of the study, and high risk of model overfitting. Reporting quality varied substantially between studies. Most reports did not include a description of the study population or intended use of the models, and calibration of predictions was rarely assessed. Conclusion Prediction models for covid-19 are quickly entering the academic literature to support medical decision making at a time when they are urgently needed. This review indicates that proposed models are poorly reported, at high risk of bias, and their reported performance is probably optimistic. Immediate sharing of well documented individual participant data from covid-19 studies is needed for collaborative efforts to develop more rigorous prediction models and validate existing ones. The predictors identified in included studies could be considered as candidate predictors for new models. Methodological guidance should be followed because unreliable predictions could cause more harm than benefit in guiding clinical decisions. Finally, studies should adhere to the TRIPOD (transparent reporting of a multivariable prediction model for individual prognosis or diagnosis) reporting guideline. Systematic review registration Protocol <https://osf.io/ehc47/>, registration <https://osf.io/wy245>.
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1328-m1328
SP  - m1328
EP  - m1328
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1328
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1328
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: Why Germany’s case fatality rate seems so low
AU  - Stafford, Ned
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Germany has the third highest number of coronavirus cases in Europe, but deaths are relatively few when compared with neighbouring countries. Ned Stafford explains why As the covid-19 pandemic continues to grow in severity, one of the most closely watched statistics has been Germany’s number of deaths from the virus, which has been remarkably low in comparison with other nations, especially neighbouring European countries. As of 2 April official statistics showed that 872 deaths from covid-19 had been recorded in Germany from 73 522 confirmed cases, translating to a fatality rate of 1.2%.1 This compares with fatality rates of 11.9% in Italy, 9% in Spain, 8.6% in the Netherlands, 8% in the UK, and 7.1% in France.2 Christian Drosten, director of the Institute of Virology at the Charité hospital in Berlin, believes that Germany’s relatively low covid-19 fatality rate can be attributed partly to the nation’s early and high level of testing among a wide sample of the German population. While other countries …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1395-m1395
SP  - m1395
EP  - m1395
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1395
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1395
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Skill sharing in a pandemic: five minutes with . . . Helgi Johannsson
AU  - Rimmer, Abi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The consultant anaesthetist and Royal College of Anaesthetists council member discusses supporting anaesthetists to work in intensive care during the covid-19 pandemic “At the moment, demand for intensive care capacity massively outstrips supply. If we left intensive care doctors to look after these patients by themselves they just wouldn’t be able to cope. “Anaesthesia and intensive care are similar specialties in many ways. All anaesthetists have to do a fair amount of intensive care in their training and all intensive care consultants have to do some anaesthesia in their training. “Where we differ is that most of anaesthesia’s bread and butter is doing operations while intensive care is looking after patients. …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1421-m1421
SP  - m1421
EP  - m1421
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1421
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1421
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Rammya Mathew: Professionalism in a time of crisis
AU  - Mathew, Rammya
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In recent years doctors have been accused of lacking professionalism, and many of us have suffered with self-doubt as a result. Now, however, our NHS workforce is witnessing a global pandemic on a scale we haven’t experienced before. We’ve had to plan at length, reorganise structures, and redeploy our staff to ensure that we’re as prepared as we can be for the coming weeks and months. None of this has happened without effort. I see colleagues all around me giving everything they’ve got, often working 20 hour days and making many personal sacrifices to make this …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1364-m1364
SP  - m1364
EP  - m1364
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1364
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1364
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: What is the evidence for cloth masks?
AU  - Mahase, Elisabeth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has advised all Americans to wear cloth masks in public to prevent the spread of covid-19, The BMJ examines the evidence People should wear cloth face coverings in public places where social distancing measures are “difficult to maintain,” such as supermarkets and pharmacies, the CDC advises. It said the masks can be “fashioned from household items or made at home from common materials at low cost.” It also warned that surgical masks and N-95 respirators should not be used by the public, as these were “critical supplies that must continue to be reserved for healthcare workers and other medical first responders.” The CDC recommends using tightly woven cotton fabric, such as quilting fabric, cotton sheets, or T shirt fabric. It provided instructions on how to make masks with or without sewing, including using a bandana and coffee filter to create a face covering.1 Very little good quality research exists on the use of cloth masks, especially in non-medical settings. One randomised controlled clinical trial of cloth masks, published in BMJ Open in 2015, compared their effectiveness with that of medical masks worn by hospital healthcare workers.2 The study, involving the industry partner 3M (which makes medical masks), reported that …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1422-m1422
SP  - m1422
EP  - m1422
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1422
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1422
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The doctors navigating covid-19 with no internet
AU  - Changoiwala, Puja
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Like many countries, India has entered a nationwide shut-in to protect its 1.3 billion citizens from coronavirus. But communications blackouts in the conflicted region of Jammu and Kashmir make lockdown doubly frightening, confusing, and dangerous, writes Puja Changoiwala After diagnosing and treating an increasing number of patients with covid-19, Abdul Raheem (not his real name), a medical professional in the north Indian state of Kashmir, is faced with another major daily challenge—accessing medical literature and guidelines around the pandemic. Before the global crisis hit, the Indian government had lifted a seven month communications blackout in the region—but restricted internet access to 2G services. For Raheem, that’s meant hours each day trying to download up-to-date medical journals, load videos showing procedures such as the use of hazmat suits, and access information about clinical trials on new vaccines. Raheem spoke to The BMJ under anonymity after the Indian government threatened “strict action” against doctors criticising the administration’s handling of the pandemic in the media or social media. “Only recently, a hospital in Wuhan published an e-book with guidelines on how to manage patients. It took me more than half an hour to download the 22 MB file,” said Raheem, a resident doctor in Srinagar, the summer capital of Kashmir. “New data and facts are emerging every day; our perspective about covid-19 is changing every day. With a lack of high speed internet, it’s extremely difficult to remain updated. This also affects diagnosis, prescribing, and treatment.” Even as the pandemic gains momentum in India, residents of the Jammu and Kashmir region —which at the time of writing has reported 106 confirmed cases1—are unable …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1417-m1417
SP  - m1417
EP  - m1417
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1417
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1417
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Impacts of the coronavirus pandemic on biodiversity conservation
AU  - Corlett, Richard T.
AU  - Primack, Richard B.
AU  - Devictor, Vincent
AU  - Maas, Bea
AU  - Goswami, Varun R.
AU  - Bates, Amanda E.
AU  - Koh, Lian Pin
AU  - Regan, Tracey J.
AU  - Loyola, Rafael
AU  - Pakeman, Robin J.
AU  - Cumming, Graeme S.
AU  - Pidgeon, Anna
AU  - Johns, David
AU  - Roth, Robin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Biological Conservation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 108571-108571
SP  - 108571
EP  - 108571
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2020.108571
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S000632072030495X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - EZH2-mediated H3K27me3 inhibits ACE2 expression
AU  - Li, Yuanyuan
AU  - Li, Honggang
AU  - Zhou, Liquan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection is spreading globally and quickly, leading to emerging health issues. SARS-CoV-2 enters into and infects host cells through its spike glycoprotein recognizing the cell receptor Angiotensin-converting enzyme II (ACE2). Here, we noticed that ACE2 was further enhanced by SARS-CoV-2 infection. Human germ cells and early embryos express high level of ACE2. Notably, RNA-seq result showed that reduction of H3K27me3, but not H3K4/9/36me3, led to upregulation of Ace2 expression in mouse germ cell line GC-2. In agreement with this result, we found in human embryonic stem cells that ACE2 expression was significantly increased in absence of EZH2, the major enzyme catalyzing H3K27me3. ChIP-seq analysis further confirmed decrease of H3K27me3 signal and increase of H3K27ac signal at ACE2 promoter upon EZH2 knockout. Therefore, we propose that EZH2-mediated H3K27me3 at ACE2 promoter region inhibits ACE2 expression in mammalian cells. This regulatory pattern may also exist in other human cells and tissues. Our discovery provides clues for pathogenesis and targeted drug therapy towards ACE2 expression for prevention and adjuvant therapy of COVID-19.
JO  - Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.04.010
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0006291X20307087
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Border closure for island nations? Analysis of pandemic and bioweapon-related threats suggests some scenarios warrant drastic action
AU  - Boyd, Matt
AU  - Baker, Michael G.
AU  - Wilson, Nick
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 44
IS  - 2
PG  - 89-91
SP  - 89
EP  - 91
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/1753-6405.12991
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-6405.12991
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and the use of immunomodulatory and biologic agents for severe cutaneous disease: An Australia/New Zealand consensus statement
AU  - Wang, Charlie
AU  - Rademaker, Marius
AU  - Baker, Christopher
AU  - Foley, Peter
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Patients on immunomodulators, including biologic agents and new small molecular inhibitors, for cutaneous disease, represent a potentially vulnerable population during the COVID-19 pandemic. There is currently insufficient evidence to determine whether patients on systemic immunomodulators are at increased risk of developing COVID-19 disease or more likely to have severe disease. As such, clinicians need to assess the benefit-to-risk ratio on a case-by-case basis. In patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 disease, all immunomodulators used for skin diseases should be immediately withheld, with the possible exception of systemic corticosteroid therapy, which needs to be weaned. In patients who develop symptoms or signs of an upper respiratory tract infection, but COVID-19 is not yet confirmed, consider dose reduction or temporarily cessation for 1-2 weeks. In otherwise well patients, immunomodulators and biologics should be continued. In all patients, and their immediate close contacts, the importance of preventative measures to minimise human-to-human transmission cannot be over emphasized.
JO  - The Australasian journal of dermatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/ajd.13313
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - What can we do for people exposed to multiple traumatic events during the coronavirus pandemic?
AU  - Shi, Wei
AU  - Hall, Brian J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Asian Journal of Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 102065-102065
SP  - 102065
EP  - 102065
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102065
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876201820301763
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Study of knowledge, attitude, anxiety & perceived mental healthcare need in Indian population during COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Roy, Deblina
AU  - Tripathy, Sarvodaya
AU  - Kar, Sujita Kumar
AU  - Sharma, Nivedita
AU  - Verma, Sudhir Kumar
AU  - Kaushal, Vikas
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Novel Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19) originating from China has rapidly crossed borders, infecting people throughout the whole world. This phenomenon has led to a massive public reaction; the media has been reporting continuously across borders to keep all informed about the pandemic situation. All these things are creating a lot of concern for people leading to heightened levels of anxiety. Pandemics can lead to heightened levels of stress; Anxiety is a common response to any stressful situation. This study attempted to assess the knowledge, attitude, anxiety experience, and perceived mental healthcare need among adult Indian population during the COVID-19 pandemic. An online survey was conducted using a semi-structured questionnaire using a non-probability snowball sampling technique. A total of 662 responses were received. The responders had a moderate level of knowledge about the COVID-19 infection and adequate knowledge about its preventive aspects. The attitude towards COVID-19 showed peoples' willingness to follow government guidelines on quarantine and social distancing. The anxiety levels identified in the study were high. More than 80 % of the people were preoccupied with the thoughts of COVID-19 and 72 % reported the need to use gloves, and sanitizers. In this study, sleep difficulties, paranoia about acquiring COVID-19 infection and distress related social media were reported in 12.5 %, 37.8 %, and 36.4 % participants respectively. The perceived mental healthcare need was seen in more than 80 % of participants. There is a need to intensify the awareness and address the mental health issues of people during this COVID-19 pandemic.
JO  - Asian Journal of Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 102083-102083
SP  - 102083
EP  - 102083
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102083
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876201820301945
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19 in People with Mental Illness: Challenges and Vulnerabilities
AU  - Kavoor, Anjana Rao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Asian Journal of Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 102051-102051
SP  - 102051
EP  - 102051
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102051
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876201820301623
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and drug-induced liver injury: a problem of plenty or a petty point?
AU  - Boeckmans, Joost
AU  - Rodrigues, Robim M.
AU  - Demuyser, Thomas
AU  - Piérard, Denis
AU  - Vanhaecke, Tamara
AU  - Rogiers, Vera
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Archives of Toxicology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00204-020-02734-1
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00204-020-02734-1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Breast feeding at the time of COVID-19: do not forget expressed mother’s milk, please
AU  - Davanzo, Riccardo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - fetalneonatal-2020-319149
SP  - fetalneonatal
EP  - 2020
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/archdischild-2020-319149
UR  - http://fn.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/archdischild-2020-319149
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Why Only Test Symptomatic Patients? Consider Random Screening for COVID-19
AU  - Padula, William V.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Applied Health Economics and Health Policy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s40258-020-00579-4
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s40258-020-00579-4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Rapid surveillance of COVID-19 in the United States using a prospective space-time scan statistic: Detecting and evaluating emerging clusters
AU  - Desjardins, M. R.
AU  - Hohl, A.
AU  - Delmelle, E. M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was first identified in Wuhan, China in December 2019, and is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). COVID-19 is a pandemic with an estimated death rate between 1% and 5%; and an estimated R0 between 2.2 and 6.7 according to various sources. As of March 28th, 2020, there were over 649,000 confirmed cases and 30,249 total deaths, globally. In the United States, there were over 115,500 cases and 1891 deaths and this number is likely to increase rapidly. It is critical to detect clusters of COVID-19 to better allocate resources and improve decision-making as the outbreaks continue to grow. Using daily case data at the county level provided by Johns Hopkins University, we conducted a prospective spatial-temporal analysis with SaTScan. We detect statistically significant space-time clusters of COVID-19 at the county level in the U.S. between January 22nd-March 9th, 2020, and January 22nd-March 27th, 2020. The space-time prospective scan statistic detected “active” and emerging clusters that are present at the end of our study periods – notably, 18 more clusters were detected when adding the updated case data. These timely results can inform public health officials and decision makers about where to improve the allocation of resources, testing sites; also, where to implement stricter quarantines and travel bans. As more data becomes available, the statistic can be rerun to support timely surveillance of COVID-19, demonstrated here. Our research is the first geographic study that utilizes space-time statistics to monitor COVID-19 in the U.S.
JO  - Applied Geography
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 102202-102202
SP  - 102202
EP  - 102202
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2020.102202
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0143622820303039
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on surgical services: early experiences at a nominated COVID-19 centre
AU  - McBride, K. E.
AU  - Brown, Kgm
AU  - Fisher, O. M.
AU  - Steffens, D.
AU  - Yeo, D.
AU  - Koh, C. E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - ANZ journal of surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/ans.15900
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Hospitalization and Critical Care of 109 Decedents with COVID-19 Pneumonia in Wuhan, China
AU  - Du, Rong-Hui
AU  - Liu, Li-Min
AU  - Yin, Wen
AU  - Wang, Wen
AU  - Guan, Lu-Lu
AU  - Yuan, Ming-Li
AU  - Li, Yu-Lei
AU  - Hu, Yi
AU  - Li, Xu-Yan
AU  - Sun, Bing
AU  - Peng, Peng
AU  - Shi, Huan-Zhong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - RATIONALE: The current outbreak of COVID-19 pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2 in Wuhan, China, spreads across national and international borders. The overall death rate of COVID-19 pneumonia in Chinese population was 4%. OBJECTIVES: To describe process of hospitalization and critical care of decedents with COVID-19 pneumonia. METHODS: This was a multi-center observational study of 109 decedents with COVID-19 pneumonia from three hospitals in Wuhan. Demographic, clinical, laboratory, and treatment data were collected and analyzed, and final date of follow-up was February 24, 2020. RESULTS: The mean age of 109 decedents with COVID-19 pneumonia was 70.7 years, and 35 (32.1%) patients were female. 85 (78.0%) patients suffered from one or more underlying comorbidities. Multiple organ failure, especially respiratory failure and heart failure, appeared in all patients even at early stage of disease. Overall, from onset of symptom to death, the mean time was 22.3 days. All 109 hospitalized patients needed ICU admission, however, only 51 (46.8%) had such a chance because of limited availability. The period of hospitalization to death in ICU group and non-ICU group was 15.9 days (SD, 8.8 days) and 12.5 days (8.6 days, P = 0.044), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Mortality due to COVID-19 pneumonia was concentrated in old people whose age was always above 65 years, especially those with major comorbidities. Patients admitted to ICU lived longer than those who did not gain admission to ICU. Our findings should aid in the recognition and clinical management of such infections, especially ICU resource allocation.
JO  - Annals of the American Thoracic Society
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1513/AnnalsATS.202003-225OC
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Call to Action: Announcing the Traditional, Complementary and Integrative Health and Medicine COVID-19 Support Registry
AU  - Weeks, John
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - acm.2020.29083.jjw-acm.2020.29083.jjw
SP  - acm.2020.29083.jjw
EP  - acm.2020.29083.jjw
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1089/acm.2020.29083.jjw
UR  - https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/acm.2020.29083.jjw
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A propos de chirurgie et Covid-19: quelques précautions complémentaires
AU  - Canis, Michel
AU  - Bourdel, Nicolas
AU  - Botchorishvili, Revaz
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal de Chirurgie Viscérale
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jchirv.2020.04.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878786X20300875
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Conducting Clinical Research During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Investigator and Participant Perspectives
AU  - Padala, Prasad R.
AU  - Jendro, Ashlyn M.
AU  - Padala, Kalpana P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As the medical landscape changes daily with the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, clinical researchers are caught off-guard and are forced to make decisions on research visits in their ongoing clinical trials. Although there is some guidance from local and national organizations, the principal investigator (PI) is ultimately responsible for determining the risk-benefit ratio of conducting, rescheduling, or cancelling each research visit. The PI should take into consideration the ethical principles of research, local/national guidance, the community risk of the pandemic in their locale, staffing strain, and the risk involved to each participant, to ultimately decide on the course of action. While balancing the rights and protection of the human subject, we seldom examine patients' views and opinions about their scheduled research visit(s). This article discusses the ethical principles of beneficence and autonomy in helping the decision-making process. We discuss ways to weigh-in local and national guidance, staffing strain, and institutional support into the decision-making process and outline potential changes needed for regulatory bodies depending on the decision. Further, we discuss the need to weigh-in the individual risk-benefit ratio for each participant and present a decision tree to navigate this complex process. Finally, we examine participant and caregiver perspectives on their fears, sense of preparedness, and factors that they consider before deciding whether to keep or postpone the research appointments. This entry also provides PIs ways to support their research participants in both scenarios, including provision of psychological support.
JO  - JMIR public health and surveillance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 6
IS  - 2
PG  - e18887-e18887
SP  - e18887
EP  - e18887
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2196/18887
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Population-Level Interest and Telehealth Capacity of US Hospitals in Response to COVID-19: Cross-Sectional Analysis of Google Search and National Hospital Survey Data
AU  - Hong, Young-Rock
AU  - Lawrence, John
AU  - Williams, Dunc, Jr.
AU  - Mainous Iii, Arch
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: As the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is widely spreading across the United States, there is a concern about the overloading of the nation's health care capacity. The expansion of telehealth services is expected to deliver timely care for the initial screening of symptomatic patients while minimizing exposure in health care facilities, to protect health care providers and other patients. However, it is currently unknown whether US hospitals have the telehealth capacity to meet the increasing demand and needs of patients during this pandemic. OBJECTIVE: We investigated the population-level internet search volume for telehealth (as a proxy of population interest and demand) with the number of new COVID-19 cases and the proportion of hospitals that adopted a telehealth system in all US states. METHODS: We used internet search volume data from Google Trends to measure population-level interest in telehealth and telemedicine between January 21, 2020 (when the first COVID-19 case was reported), and March 18, 2020. Data on COVID-19 cases in the United States were obtained from the Johns Hopkins Coronavirus Resources Center. We also used data from the 2018 American Hospital Association Annual Survey to estimate the proportion of hospitals that adopted telehealth (including telemedicine and electronic visits) and those with the capability of telemedicine intensive care unit (tele-ICU). Pearson correlation was used to examine the relations of population search volume for telehealth and telemedicine (composite score) with the cumulative numbers of COVID-19 cases in the United States during the study period and the proportion of hospitals with telehealth and tele-ICU capabilities. RESULTS: We found that US population-level interest in telehealth increased as the number of COVID-19 cases increased, with a strong correlation (r=0.948, P<.001). We observed a higher population-level interest in telehealth in the Northeast and West census region, whereas the proportion of hospitals that adopted telehealth was higher in the Midwest region. There was no significant association between population interest and the proportion of hospitals that adopted telehealth (r=0.055, P=.70) nor hospitals having tele-ICU capability (r=-0.073, P=.61). CONCLUSIONS: As the number of COVID-19 cases increases, so does the US population's interest in telehealth. However, the level of population interest did not correlate with the proportion of hospitals providing telehealth services in the United States, suggesting that increased population demand may not be met with the current telehealth capacity. Telecommunication infrastructures in US hospitals may lack the capability to address the ongoing health care needs of patients with other health conditions. More practical investment is needed to deploy the telehealth system rapidly against the impending patient surge.
JO  - JMIR public health and surveillance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 6
IS  - 2
PG  - e18961-e18961
SP  - e18961
EP  - e18961
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2196/18961
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel Coronavirus in Cape Town Informal Settlements: Feasibility of Using Informal Dwelling Outlines to Identify High Risk Areas for COVID-19 Transmission From A Social Distancing Perspective
AU  - Gibson, Lesley
AU  - Rush, David
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: The challenges faced by the Global South during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic are compounded by the presence of informal settlements, which are typically densely populated and lacking in formalized sanitation infrastructure. Social distancing measures in informal settlements may be difficult to implement due to the density and layout of settlements. This study measures the distance between dwellings in informal settlements in Cape Town to identify the risk of COVID-19 transmission. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this paper is to determine if social distancing measures are achievable in informal settlements in Cape Town, using two settlements as an example. We will first examine the distance between dwellings and their first, second, and third nearest neighbors and then identify clusters of dwellings in which residents would be unable to effectively practice social isolation due to the close proximity of their homes. METHODS: Dwellings in the settlements of Masiphumelele and Klipfontein Glebe were extracted from a geographic information system data set of outlines of all informal dwellings in Cape Town. The distance to each dwelling's first, second, and third nearest neighbors was calculated for each settlement. A social distance measure of 2 m was used (buffer of 1 m, as dwellings less than 2 m apart are joined) to identify clusters of dwellings that are unable to effectively practice social distancing in each settlement. RESULTS: The distance to each dwelling's first 3 nearest neighbors illustrates that the settlement of Masiphumelele is constructed in a denser fashion as compared to the Klipfontein Glebe settlement. This implies that implementing social distancing will likely be more challenging in Masiphumelele than in Klipfontein Glebe. However, using a 2-m social distancing measure, it was demonstrated that large portions of Klipfontein Glebe would also be unable to effectively implement social distancing. CONCLUSIONS: Effectively implementing social distancing may be a challenge in informal settlements due to their density. This paper uses dwelling outlines for informal settlements in the city of Cape Town to demonstrate that with a 2 m measure, effective social distancing will be challenging.
JO  - JMIR public health and surveillance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 6
IS  - 2
PG  - e18844-e18844
SP  - e18844
EP  - e18844
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2196/18844
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Peer-to-Peer Contact Tracing: Development of a Privacy-Preserving Smartphone App
AU  - Yasaka, Tyler M.
AU  - Lehrich, Brandon M.
AU  - Sahyouni, Ronald
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is an urgent public health crisis, with epidemiologic models predicting severe consequences, including high death rates, if the virus is permitted to run its course without any intervention or response. Contact tracing using smartphone technology is a powerful tool that may be employed to limit disease transmission during an epidemic or pandemic; yet, contact tracing apps present significant privacy concerns regarding the collection of personal data such as location. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to develop an effective contact tracing smartphone app that respects user privacy by not collecting location information or other personal data. METHODS: We propose the use of an anonymized graph of interpersonal interactions to conduct a novel form of contact tracing and have developed a proof-of-concept smartphone app that implements this approach. Additionally, we developed a computer simulation model that demonstrates the impact of our proposal on epidemic or pandemic outbreak trajectories across multiple rates of adoption. RESULTS: Our proof-of-concept smartphone app allows users to create "checkpoints" for contact tracing, check their risk level based on their past interactions, and anonymously self-report a positive status to their peer network. Our simulation results suggest that higher adoption rates of such an app may result in a better controlled epidemic or pandemic outbreak. CONCLUSIONS: Our proposed smartphone-based contact tracing method presents a novel solution that preserves privacy while demonstrating the potential to suppress an epidemic or pandemic outbreak. This app could potentially be applied to the current COVID-19 pandemic as well as other epidemics or pandemics in the future to achieve a middle ground between drastic isolation measures and unmitigated disease spread.
JO  - JMIR mHealth and uHealth
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 8
IS  - 4
PG  - e18936-e18936
SP  - e18936
EP  - e18936
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2196/18936
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Emergency Restructuring of a General Surgery Residency Program During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic: The University of Washington Experience
AU  - Nassar, Amer H.
AU  - Zern, Nicole K.
AU  - McIntyre, Lisa K.
AU  - Lynge, Dana
AU  - Smith, Caitlin A.
AU  - Petersen, Rebecca P.
AU  - Horvath, Karen D.
AU  - Wood, Douglas E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Seattle, Washington, is an epicenter of the coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic in the United States. In response, the Division of General Surgery at the University of Washington Department of Surgery in Seattle has designed and implemented an emergency restructuring of the facility's general surgery resident care teams in an attempt to optimize workforce well-being, comply with physical distancing requirements, and continue excellent patient care. This article introduces a unique approach to general surgery resident allocation by dividing patient care into separate inpatient care, operating care, and clinic care teams. Separate teams made up of all resident levels will work in each setting for a 1-week period. By creating this emergency structure, we have limited the number of surgery residents with direct patient contact and have created teams working in isolation from one another to optimize physical distancing while still performing required work. This also provides a resident reserve without exposure to the virus, theoretically flattening the curve among our general surgery resident cohort. Surgical resident team restructuring is critical during a pandemic to optimize patient care and ensure the well-being and vitality of the resident workforce while ensuring the entire workforce is not compromised.
JO  - JAMA surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jamasurg.2020.1219
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: Peer Support and Crisis Communication Strategies to Promote Institutional Resilience
AU  - Wu, Albert W.
AU  - Connors, Cheryl
AU  - Everly, George S., Jr.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of internal medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7326/M20-1236
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Intersecting U.S. Epidemics: COVID-19 and Lack of Health Insurance
AU  - Woolhandler, Steffie
AU  - Himmelstein, David U.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of internal medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7326/M20-1491
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Locally Informed Simulation to Predict Hospital Capacity Needs During the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Weissman, Gary E.
AU  - Crane-Droesch, Andrew
AU  - Chivers, Corey
AU  - Luong, ThaiBinh
AU  - Hanish, Asaf
AU  - Levy, Michael Z.
AU  - Lubken, Jason
AU  - Becker, Michael
AU  - Draugelis, Michael E.
AU  - Anesi, George L.
AU  - Brennan, Patrick J.
AU  - Christie, Jason D.
AU  - Hanson Iii, C. William
AU  - Mikkelsen, Mark E.
AU  - Halpern, Scott D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic challenges hospital leaders to make time-sensitive, critical decisions about clinical operations and resource allocations. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the timing of surges in clinical demand and the best- and worst-case scenarios of local COVID-19-induced strain on hospital capacity, and thus inform clinical operations and staffing demands and identify when hospital capacity would be saturated. DESIGN: Monte Carlo simulation instantiation of a susceptible, infected, removed (SIR) model with a 1-day cycle. SETTING: 3 hospitals in an academic health system. PATIENTS: All people living in the greater Philadelphia region. MEASUREMENTS: The COVID-19 Hospital Impact Model (CHIME) (http://penn-chime.phl.io) SIR model was used to estimate the time from 23 March 2020 until hospital capacity would probably be exceeded, and the intensity of the surge, including for intensive care unit (ICU) beds and ventilators. RESULTS: Using patients with COVID-19 alone, CHIME estimated that it would be 31 to 53 days before demand exceeds existing hospital capacity. In best- and worst-case scenarios of surges in the number of patients with COVID-19, the needed total capacity for hospital beds would reach 3131 to 12 650 across the 3 hospitals, including 338 to 1608 ICU beds and 118 to 599 ventilators. LIMITATIONS: Model parameters were taken directly or derived from published data across heterogeneous populations and practice environments and from the health system's historical data. CHIME does not incorporate more transition states to model infection severity, social networks to model transmission dynamics, or geographic information to account for spatial patterns of human interaction. CONCLUSION: Publicly available and designed for hospital operations leaders, this modeling tool can inform preparations for capacity strain during the early days of a pandemic. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: University of Pennsylvania Health System and the Palliative and Advanced Illness Research Center.
JO  - Annals of internal medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7326/M20-1260
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Psychological Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Health Care Workers in Singapore
AU  - Tan, Benjamin Y. Q.
AU  - Chew, Nicholas W. S.
AU  - Lee, Grace K. H.
AU  - Jing, Mingxue
AU  - Goh, Yihui
AU  - Yeo, Leonard L. L.
AU  - Zhang, Ka
AU  - Chin, Howe-Keat
AU  - Ahmad, Aftab
AU  - Khan, Faheem Ahmed
AU  - Shanmugam, Ganesh Napolean
AU  - Chan, Bernard P. L.
AU  - Sunny, Sibi
AU  - Chandra, Bharatendu
AU  - Ong, Jonathan J. Y.
AU  - Paliwal, Prakash R.
AU  - Wong, Lily Y. H.
AU  - Sagayanathan, Renarebecca
AU  - Chen, Jin Tao
AU  - Ying Ng, Alison Ying
AU  - Teoh, Hock Luen
AU  - Ho, Cyrus S.
AU  - Ho, Roger C.
AU  - Sharma, Vijay K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of internal medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7326/M20-1083
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Annals Graphic Medicine - Morning Thoughts on Day 7 of COVID-19 Social Isolation
AU  - Siegel, Jennifer
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of internal medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7326/G20-0021
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Role of Medical Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Miller, David Gibbes
AU  - Pierson, Leah
AU  - Doernberg, Samuel
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of internal medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7326/M20-1281
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Fighting COVID-19: Enabling Graduating Students to Start Internship Early at Their Own Medical School
AU  - DeWitt, Dawn E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of internal medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7326/M20-1262
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Effectiveness of Surgical and Cotton Masks in Blocking SARS-CoV-2: A Controlled Comparison in 4 Patients
AU  - Bae, Seongman
AU  - Kim, Min-Chul
AU  - Kim, Ji Yeun
AU  - Cha, Hye-Hee
AU  - Lim, Joon Seo
AU  - Jung, Jiwon
AU  - Kim, Min-Jae
AU  - Oh, Dong Kyu
AU  - Lee, Mi-Kyung
AU  - Choi, Seong-Ho
AU  - Sung, Minki
AU  - Hong, Sang-Bum
AU  - Chung, Jin-Won
AU  - Kim, Sung-Han
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of internal medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7326/M20-1342
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - ANNALS EXPRESS: On the Clinical Utility of Cardiac Troponin measurement in COVID-19 Infection
AU  - Gaze, David C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of clinical biochemistry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 4563220921888-4563220921888
SP  - 4563220921888
EP  - 4563220921888
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/0004563220921888
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Obstetric Anesthesia During the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Bauer, Melissa
AU  - Bernstein, Kyra
AU  - Dinges, Emily
AU  - Delgado, Carlos
AU  - El-Sharawi, Nadir
AU  - Sultan, Pervez
AU  - Mhyre, Jill M.
AU  - Landau, Ruth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - With increasing numbers of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID 19) cases due to efficient human-to-human transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in the United States, preparation for the unpredictable setting of labor and delivery is paramount. The priorities are two-fold in the management of obstetric patients with COVID-19 infection or persons under investigation (PUI): (1) caring for the range of asymptomatic to critically ill pregnant and postpartum women; (2) protecting health care workers and beyond from exposure during the delivery hospitalization (health care providers, personnel, family members). The goal of this review is to provide evidence-based recommendations, or expert opinion when evidence is limited, for anesthesiologists caring for pregnant women during the COVID 19 pandemic, with a focus on preparedness and best clinical obstetric anesthesia practice. Financial Disclosures: None Conflicts of Interest: None Corresponding Author: Ruth Landau, MD, Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY © 2020 International Anesthesia Research Society
JO  - Anesthesia & Analgesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Publish Ahead of Print
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00000539-900000000-95696
DO  - 10.1213/ane.0000000000004856
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/anesthesia-analgesia/Fulltext/publishahead/Obstetric_Anesthesia_During_the_COVID_19_Pandemic.95696.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Caring for patients with pain during the COVID-19 pandemic: Consensus recommendations from an international expert panel
AU  - Shanthanna, H.
AU  - Strand, N. H.
AU  - Provenzano, D. A.
AU  - Lobo, C. A.
AU  - Eldabe, S.
AU  - Bhatia, A.
AU  - Wegener, J.
AU  - Curtis, K.
AU  - Cohen, S. P.
AU  - Narouze, S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Chronic pain causes significant suffering, limitation of daily activities and reduced quality of life. Infection from COVID-19 is responsible for an ongoing pandemic that causes severe acute respiratory syndrome, leading to systemic complications and death. Led by the World Health Organization, healthcare systems across the world are engaged in limiting the spread of infection. As a result all elective surgeries, procedures, and patient visits, including pain management services, have been postponed or cancelled. This has impacted the care of chronic pain patients. Most are elderly with multiple comorbidities, which puts them at risk of COVID-19 infection. Important considerations that need to be recognised during this pandemic for chronic pain patients include: ensuring continuity of care and pain medications, especially opioids; use of telemedicine; maintaining biopsychosocial management; use of anti-inflammatory drugs; use of steroids; and prioritising necessary procedural visits. There are no guidelines to inform physicians and healthcare providers engaged in caring for patients with pain during this period of crisis. We assembled an expert panel of pain physicians, psychologists and researchers from North America and Europe to formulate recommendations to guide practice. As the COVID-19 situation continues to evolve rapidly, these recommendations are based on the best available evidence and expert opinion at this present time and may need adapting to local workplace policies.
JO  - Anaesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/anae.15076
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and Kidney Failure in the Acute Care Setting: Our Experience From Seattle
AU  - Durvasula, Raghu
AU  - Wellington, Tracy
AU  - McNamara, Elizabeth
AU  - Watnick, Suzanne
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - American Journal of Kidney Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1053/j.ajkd.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0272638620306181
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Qualitative Study on the Psychological Experience of Caregivers of COVID-19 Patients
AU  - Sun, Niuniu
AU  - Shi, Suling
AU  - Jiao, Dandan
AU  - Song, Runluo
AU  - Ma, Lili
AU  - Wang, Hongwei
AU  - Wang, Chao
AU  - Wang, Zhaoguo
AU  - You, Yanli
AU  - Liu, Shuhua
AU  - Wang, Hongyun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is spreading rapidly, bringing pressure and challenges to nursing staff. Objective To explore the psychology of nurses caring for COVID-19 patients. Method Using a phenomenological approach, we enrolled 20 nurses who provided care for COVID-19 patients in the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology from 20 January to 10 February 2020. The interviews were conducted face-to-face or by telephone and were analysed by Colaizzi's 7-step method. Results The psychological experience of nurses caring for COVID-19 patients can be summarized into four themes. Firstly, negative emotions present in early stage consisting of fatigue, discomfort, and helplessness was caused by high-intensity work, fear and anxiety, and concern for patients and family members. Secondly, self-coping styles included psychological and life adjustment, altruistic acts, team support, and rational cognition. Thirdly, we found growth under pressure, which included increased affection and gratefulness, development of professional responsibility, and self-reflection. Finally, we showed that positive emotions occurred simultaneously with negative emotions. Conclusions During an epidemic outbreak, positive and negative emotions of the front-line nurses interweaved and coexisted. In the early stage, negative emotions were dominant and positive emotions appeared gradually. Self-coping styles and psychological growth played an important role in maintaining mental health of nurses.
JO  - American Journal of Infection Control
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2020.03.018
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0196655320302017
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Vascular Changes Detected With Thoracic CT in Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Might Be Significant Determinants for Accurate Diagnosis and Optimal Patient Management
AU  - Qanadli, Salah D.
AU  - Beigelman-Aubry, Catherine
AU  - Rotzinger, David C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - AJR. American journal of roentgenology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - W1-W1
SP  - W1
EP  - W1
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2214/AJR.20.23185
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical Features and Chest CT Manifestations of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)
AU  - Mungmungpuntipantip, Rujittika
AU  - Wiwanitkit, Viroj
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - AJR. American journal of roentgenology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - W1-W1
SP  - W1
EP  - W1
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2214/AJR.20.23141
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How Do We Balance Tensions Between COVID-19 Public Health Responses and Stigma Mitigation? Learning from HIV Research
AU  - Logie, Carmen H.
AU  - Turan, Janet M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - AIDS and Behavior
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s10461-020-02856-8
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10461-020-02856-8
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Double Jeopardy: Methamphetamine Use and HIV as Risk Factors for COVID-19
AU  - Carrico, Adam W.
AU  - Horvath, Keith J.
AU  - Grov, Christian
AU  - Moskowitz, Judith T.
AU  - Pahwa, Savita
AU  - Pallikkuth, Suresh
AU  - Hirshfield, Sabina
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - AIDS and Behavior
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s10461-020-02854-w
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10461-020-02854-w
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Maternal and Perinatal Outcomes with COVID-19: a systematic review of 108 pregnancies
AU  - Zaigham, Mehreen
AU  - Andersson, Ola
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - INTRODUCTION: The pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has exposed vulnerable populations to an unprecedented global health crisis. The knowledge gained from previous human coronavirus outbreaks suggests that pregnant women and their fetuses are particularly susceptible to poor outcomes. The objective of this study was to summarize the clinical manifestations and maternal and perinatal outcomes of COVID-19 during pregnancy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We searched databases for all case reports and series from February 12 to April 4, 2020. Multiple terms and combinations were used including COVID-19, pregnancy, maternal mortality, maternal morbidity, complications, clinical manifestations, neonatal morbidity, intrauterine fetal death, neonatal mortality and SARS-CoV-2. Eligibility criteria included peer-reviewed publications written in English or Chinese and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or dual fluorescence PCR confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. Unpublished reports, unspecified date and location of the study or suspicion of duplicate reporting, cases with suspected COVID-19 that were not confirmed by a laboratory test, and unreported maternal or perinatal outcomes were excluded. Data on clinical manifestations, maternal and perinatal outcomes including vertical transmission were extracted and analyzed. RESULTS: Eighteen articles reporting data from 108 pregnancies between December 8, 2019 and April 1, 2020 were included in the current study. Most reports described women presenting in the third trimester with fever (68%) and coughing (34%). Lymphocytopenia (59%) with elevated C-reactive protein (70%) was observed and 91% were delivered by cesarean section. Three maternal intensive care unit admissions were noted but no maternal deaths. One neonatal death and one intrauterine death were also reported. CONCLUSIONS: Although the majority of mothers were discharged without any major complications, severe maternal morbidity as a result of COVID-19 and perinatal deaths were reported. Vertical transmission of the COVID-19 could not be ruled out. Careful monitoring of pregnancies with COVID-19 and measures to prevent neonatal infection are warranted.
JO  - Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/aogs.13867
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - From Tuberculosis to COVID-19: Legal and Constitutional Framework Regarding Compulsory Isolation/Treatment due to Contagious Diseases in Portugal TT - Da Tuberculose ao COVID-19: Legitimidade Juridico-Constitucional do Isolamento/Tratamento Compulsivo por
AU  - Peixoto, Vasco Ricoca
AU  - Mexia, Ricardo
AU  - Santos, Nina Sousa
AU  - Carvalho, Carlos
AU  - Abrantes, Alexandre
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Acta medica portuguesa
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 33
IS  - 4 PG - 225-228
PG  - 225-228
SP  - 225
EP  - 228
AN  - 
DO  - 10.20344/amp.13562
UR  - NS -
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Visualizing an unseen enemy; mobilizing structural biology to counter COVID-19
AU  - Baker, Edward N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Crystallography in its broadest sense has a crucial role to play in addressing the current COVID-19 pandemic. An outpouring of structural information on key viral proteins has resulted and importantly these data have immediately been shared with researchers round the world to speed the discovery of effective therapeutic agents.
JO  - Acta Crystallographica Section F
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 76
IS  - 4
PG  - 158-159
SP  - 158
EP  - 159
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1107/S2053230X20004847
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1107/S2053230X20004847
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Infection Control against COVID-19 in Departments of Radiology
AU  - Yu, Juan
AU  - Ding, Ning
AU  - Chen, Huan
AU  - Liu, Xia-Jing
AU  - He, Wen-jie
AU  - Dai, Wei-cai
AU  - Zhou, Zhao-guang
AU  - Lin, Fan
AU  - Pu, Zu-hui
AU  - Li, Ding-fu
AU  - Xu, Hua-jian
AU  - Wang, Yu-li
AU  - Zhang, Han-wen
AU  - Lei, Yi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 epidemic, which is caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, has spread rapidly to become a world-wide pandemic. Chest radiography and chest CT are frequently used to support the diagnosis of COVID-19 infection. However, multiple cases of COVID-19 transmission in radiology department have been reported. Here we summarize the lessons we learned and provide suggestions to improve the infection control and prevention practices of healthcare workers in departments of radiology.
JO  - Academic Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acra.2020.03.025
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1076633220301665
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Consensus Report from Turkish Society of Cardiology: COVID-19 and Cardiovascular Diseases. What cardiologists should know. (25th March 2020)]
AU  - Aktoz, Meryem
AU  - Altay, Hakan
AU  - Aslanger, Emre
AU  - Atalar, Enver
AU  - Aytekin, Vedat
AU  - Baykan, Ahmet Oytun
AU  - Barcin, Cem
AU  - Baris, Nezihi
AU  - Boyaci, Asiye Ayca
AU  - Cavusoglu, Yuksel
AU  - Celik, Ahmet
AU  - Cinier, Goksel
AU  - Degertekin, Muzaffer
AU  - Ergonul, Onder
AU  - Erturk, Mehmet
AU  - Erol, M. Kemal
AU  - Gorenek, Bulent
AU  - Gursoy, Mustafa Ozan
AU  - Hunuk, Burak
AU  - Kahveci, Gokhan
AU  - Karabay, Can Yucel
AU  - Karaca, Ilgin
AU  - Kayikcioglu, Meral
AU  - Keskin, Muhammed
AU  - Kilic, Teoman
AU  - Kirma, Cevat
AU  - Kocabas, Umut
AU  - Kucukoglu, Serdar
AU  - Mutlu, Bulent
AU  - Nalbantgil, Sanem
AU  - Okuyan, Ertugrul
AU  - Okyay, Kaan
AU  - Kaptan Ozen, Deniz
AU  - Ozgul, Sami
AU  - Ozpelit, Ebru
AU  - Pirat, Bahar
AU  - Sert, Sena
AU  - Sinan, Umit Yasar
AU  - Sener, Yusuf Ziya
AU  - Tatli, Ersan
AU  - Tekkesin, Ahmet Ilker
AU  - Tutar, Eralp
AU  - Ural, Dilek
AU  - Yildirimturk, Ozlem
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, in the city of Wuhan, in the Hubei province of China, treatment-resistant cases of pneumonia emerged and spread rapidly for reasons unknown. A new strain of coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 [SARS-CoV-2]) was identified and caused the first pandemic of the 21st century. The virus was officially detected in our country on March 11, 2020, and the number of cases increased rapidly; the virus was isolated in 670 patients within 10 days. The rapid increase in the number of patients has required our physicians to learn to protect both the public and themselves when treating patients with this highly infectious disease. The group most affected by the outbreak and with the highest mortality rate is elderly patients with known cardiovascular disease. Therefore, it is necessary for cardiology specialists to take an active role in combating the epidemic. The aim of this article is to make a brief assessment of current information regarding the management of cardiovascular patients affected by COVID-19 and to provide practical suggestions to cardiology specialists about problems and questions they have frequently encountered.
JO  - Turk Kardiyol Dern Ars
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32250347
DO  - 10.5543/tkda.2020.97198
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: Active measures to support community-dwelling older adults
AU  - Kuwahara, Keisuke
AU  - Kuroda, Ai
AU  - Fukuda, Yoshiharu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Travel Med Infect Dis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32205272
DO  - 10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101638
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Severe course of COVID-19 in a middle-aged man without risk factors
AU  - Szymanek-Pasternak, Anna
AU  - Serafinska, Sylwia
AU  - Kucharska, Marta
AU  - Szymanski, Wojciech
AU  - Simon, Krzysztof
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Pol Arch Intern Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32250095
DO  - 10.20452/pamw.15277
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Gastrointestinal symptoms as the first, atypical indication of SARS-CoV-2 infection
AU  - Pazgan-Simon, Monika
AU  - Rorat, Marta
AU  - Buczynska, Iwona
AU  - Zinczuk, Aleksander
AU  - Simon, Krzysztof
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Pol Arch Intern Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32250094
DO  - 10.20452/pamw.15278
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Reply to "The use of traditional Chinese medicines to treat SARS-CoV-2 may cause more harm than good"
AU  - Zhang, Ai-Hua
AU  - Ren, Jun-Ling
AU  - Wang, Xi-Jun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Pharmacol Res
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32251725
DO  - 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104775
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Coronavirus infection (COVID-19) in Anales de Pediatria]
AU  - Rey Galan, Corsino
AU  - Manrique de Lara, Laia Alsina
AU  - Anton Gamero, Montserrat
AU  - Cano Garcinuno, Alfredo
AU  - Solis Sanchez, Gonzalo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - An Pediatr (Barc)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32249164
DO  - 10.1016/j.anpedi.2020.03.004
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Isolation and rapid sharing of the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) from the first patient diagnosed with COVID-19 in Australia
AU  - Caly, Leon
AU  - Druce, Julian
AU  - Roberts, Jason
AU  - Bond, Katherine
AU  - Tran, Thomas
AU  - Kostecki, Renata
AU  - Yoga, Yano
AU  - Naughton, William
AU  - Taiaroa, George
AU  - Seemann, Torsten
AU  - Schultz, Mark B.
AU  - Howden, Benjamin P.
AU  - Korman, Tony M.
AU  - Lewin, Sharon R.
AU  - Williamson, Deborah A.
AU  - Catton, Mike G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVES: To describe the first isolation and sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 in Australia and rapid sharing of the isolate. SETTING: SARS-CoV-2 was isolated from a 58-year-old man from Wuhan, China who arrived in Melbourne on 19 January 2020 and was admitted to the Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne from the emergency department on 24 January 2020 with fever, cough, and progressive dyspnoea. MAJOR OUTCOMES: Clinical course and laboratory features of the first reported case of COVID-19 (the illness caused by SARS-CoV-2) in Australia; isolation, whole genome sequencing, imaging, and rapid sharing of virus from the patient. RESULTS: A nasopharyngeal swab and sputum collected when the patient presented to hospital were each positive for SARS-CoV-2 (reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction). Inoculation of Vero/hSLAM cells with material from the nasopharyngeal swab led to the isolation of SARS-CoV-2 virus in culture. Electron microscopy of the supernatant confirmed the presence of virus particles with morphology characteristic of viruses of the family Coronaviridae. Whole genome sequencing of the viral isolate and phylogenetic analysis indicated the isolate exhibited greater than 99.99% sequence identity with other publicly available SARS-CoV-2 genomes. Within 24 hours of isolation, the first Australian SARS-CoV-2 isolate was shared with local and overseas reference laboratories and major North American and European culture collections. CONCLUSIONS: The ability to rapidly identify, propagate, and internationally share our SARS-CoV-2 isolate is an important step in collaborative scientific efforts to deal effectively with this international public health emergency by developing better diagnostic procedures, vaccine candidates, and antiviral agents.
JO  - Med J Aust
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32237278
DO  - 10.5694/mja2.50569
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Virtual screening and repurposing of FDA approved drugs against COVID-19 main protease
AU  - Kandeel, Mahmoud
AU  - Al-Nazawi, Mohammed
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - AIMS: In December 2019, the Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) virus has emerged in Wuhan, China. In this research, the first resolved COVID-19 crystal structure (main protease) was targeted in a virtual screening study by of FDA approved drugs dataset. In addition, a knowledge gap in relations of COVID-19 with the previously known fatal Coronaviruses (CoVs) epidemics, SARS and MERS CoVs, was covered by investigation of sequence statistics and phylogenetics. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Molecular modeling, virtual screening, docking, sequence comparison statistics and phylogenetics of the COVID-19 main protease were investigated. KEY FINDINGS: COVID-19 Mpro formed a phylogenetic group with SARS CoV that was distant from MERS CoV. The identity% was 96.061 and 51.61 for COVID-19/SARS and COVID-19/MERS CoV sequence comparisons, respectively. The top 20 drugs in the virtual screening studies comprised a broad-spectrum antiviral (ribavirin), anti-hepatitis B virus (telbivudine), two vitamins (vitamin B12 and nicotinamide) and other miscellaneous systemically acting drugs. Of special interest, ribavirin had been used in treating cases of SARS CoV. SIGNIFICANCE: The present study provided a comprehensive targeting of the first resolved COVID+19 structure of Mpro and found a suitable save drugs for repurposing against the viral Mpro. Ribavirin, telbivudine, vitamin B12 and nicotinamide can be combined and used for COVID treatment. This initiative relocates already marketed and approved safe drugs for potential use in COVID-treatment.
JO  - Life Sci
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32251634
DO  - 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117627
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The COVID-19 Pandemic in the US: A Clinical Update
AU  - Omer, Saad B.
AU  - Malani, Preeti
AU  - Del Rio, Carlos
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32250388
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.5788
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Strategy for the practice of digestive and oncological surgery during the Covid-19 epidemic
AU  - Tuech, J. J.
AU  - Gangloff, A.
AU  - Di Fiore, F.
AU  - Michel, P.
AU  - Brigand, C.
AU  - Slim, K.
AU  - Pocard, M.
AU  - Schwarz, L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The Covid-19 pandemic is changing the organization of healthcare and has a direct impact on digestive surgery. Healthcare priorities and circuits are being modified. Emergency surgery is still a priority. Functional surgery is to be deferred. Laparoscopic surgery must follow strict rules so as not to expose healthcare professionals (HCPs) to added risk. The question looms large in cancer surgery-go ahead or defer? There is probably an added risk due to the pandemic that must be balanced against the risk incurred by deferring surgery. For each type of cancer-colon, pancreas, oesogastric, hepatocellular carcinoma-morbidity and mortality rates are stated and compared with the oncological risk incurred by deferring surgery and/or the tumour doubling time. Strategies can be proposed based on this comparison. For colonic cancers T1-2, N0, it is advisable to defer surgery. For advanced colonic lesions, it seems judicious to undertake neoadjuvant chemotherapy and then wait. For rectal cancers T3-4 and/or N+, chemoradiotherapy is indicated, short radiotherapy must be discussed (followed by a waiting period) to reduce time of exposure in the hospital and to prevent infections. Most complex surgery with high morbidity and mortality-oesogastric, hepatic or pancreatic-is most often best deferred.
JO  - J Visc Surg
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32249098
DO  - 10.1016/j.jviscsurg.2020.03.008
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Focus on the "Crosstalk" Between COVID-19 and Urogenital Systems
AU  - Wu, Zhang-Song
AU  - Zhang, Zhi-Qiang
AU  - Wu, Song
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Urol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32249664
DO  - 10.1097/JU.0000000000001068
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Triaging Office-Based Urologic Procedures During the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Katz, Eric G.
AU  - Bukavina, Laura
AU  - Stensland, Kristian S.
AU  - Ponsky, Lee
AU  - Mandeville, Jessica A.
AU  - MacLachlan, Lara S.
AU  - Moinzadeh, Alireza
AU  - Sorcini, Andrea
AU  - Chang, Sam S.
AU  - Zaid, Harras B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Urol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32249681
DO  - 10.1097/JU.0000000000001034
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recommendations for Tiered Stratification of Urologic Surgery Urgency in the COVID-19 Era
AU  - Goldman, Howard B.
AU  - Haber, George P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Urol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32249715
DO  - 10.1097/JU.0000000000001067
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Implementing Telemedicine in Response to the 2020 COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Gadzinski, Adam J.
AU  - Ellimoottil, Chad
AU  - Odisho, Anobel Y.
AU  - Watts, Kara L.
AU  - Gore, John L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Urol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32249678
DO  - 10.1097/JU.0000000000001033
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Blocking information on COVID-19 can fuel the spread of misinformation
AU  - Larson, Heidi J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32231320
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00920-w
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus latest: confirmed cases cross the one-million mark
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32152592
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00154-w
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pick of the coronavirus papers: Bats harbour a pool of coronaviruses related to pandemic culprit
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32221507
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00502-w
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Current Drugs with Potential for Treatment of COVID-19: A Literature Review
AU  - Md Insiat Islam, Rabby
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - PURPOSE: SARS-CoV-2 first emerged in China in December 2019 and rapidly spread worldwide. No vaccine or approved drug is available to eradicate the virus, however, some drugs that are indicated for other afflictions seems to be potentially beneficial to treat the infection albeit without unequivocal evidence. The aim of this article is to review the published background on the effectiveness of these drugs against COVID-19 Methods: A thorough literature search was conducted on recently published studies which have published between January 1 to March 25, 2020. PubMed, Google Scholar and Science Direct databases were searched Results: A total 22 articles were found eligible. 8 discuss about treatment outcomes from their applied drugs during treatment of COVID-19 patients, 4 report laboratory tests, one report animal trial and other 9 articles discuss recommendations and suggestions based on the treatment process and clinical outcomes of other diseases such as malaria, ebola, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS). The data and/or recommendations are categorized in 4 classes: (a) anti-viral and anti-inflammatory drugs, (b) anti-malaria drugs, (c) traditional Chinese drugs and (d) other treatments/drugs. CONCLUSION: All examined treatments, although potentiality effective against COVID-19, need either appropriate drug development or clinical trial to be suitable for clinical use.
JO  - J Pharm Pharm Sci
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32251618
DO  - 10.18433/jpps31002
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Behavioral and Emotional Disorders in Children during the COVID-19 Epidemic
AU  - Jiao, Wen Yan
AU  - Wang, Lin Na
AU  - Liu, Juan
AU  - Fang, Shuan Feng
AU  - Jiao, Fu Yong
AU  - Pettoello-Mantovani, Massimo
AU  - Somekh, Eli
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Pediatr
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32248989
DO  - 10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.03.013
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Parkinson's Disease: Hidden Sorrows and Emerging Opportunities
AU  - Helmich, Rick C.
AU  - Bloem, Bastiaan R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Parkinsons Dis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32250324
DO  - 10.3233/JPD-202038
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Can COVID-19 present unusual GI symptoms?
AU  - Hormati, Ahmad
AU  - Shahhamzeh, Alireza
AU  - Afifian, Mahboubeh
AU  - Khodadust, Fatemeh
AU  - Ahmadpour, Sajjad
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Microbiol Immunol Infect
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32249184
DO  - 10.1016/j.jmii.2020.03.020
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Global outbreak of COVID-19: a new challenge?
AU  - Musa, Taha Hussein
AU  - Ahmad, Tauseef
AU  - Khan, Muhammad
AU  - Haroon, Haroon
AU  - Wei, Pingmin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Infect Dev Ctries
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32235083
DO  - 10.3855/jidc.12530
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Baricitinib for COVID-19: a suitable treatment? - Authors' reply
AU  - Richardson, Peter J.
AU  - Corbellino, Mario
AU  - Stebbing, Justin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Lancet Infect Dis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32251639
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30270-X
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recommendations for anesthesia in patients suspected of COVID-19 Coronavirus infection
AU  - Kim, Hyun Joo
AU  - Ko, Justin Sangwook
AU  - Kim, Tae-Yop
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Korean J Anesthesiol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32172550
DO  - 10.4097/kja.20110
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Utilization of a mobile platform for the dissemination of validated institutional measurements during CoVid-19 Outbreak: A practical example in the Children's Hospital
AU  - Zamberg, Ido
AU  - Manzano, Sergio
AU  - Posfay-Barbe, Klara
AU  - Windisch, Olivier
AU  - Agoritsas, Thomas
AU  - Schiffer, Eduardo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: As part of response plans for current outbreak of SARS-CoV-2, authorities are drafting and implementing containment measures across jurisdictions worldwide in the effort to slow transmission and infection rate. A solid communication strategy is needed to increase the reach of valid information to health professionals, reduce misinformation, and efficiently implement recommended measures. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this paper is to describe the utilization of a dedicated mHealth platform to disseminate up-to-date and validated information about the SARS-CoV-2 to all medical staff of the Children's Hospital at the University Hospitals of Geneva. METHODS: Three documents containing institutional information concerning screening, local containment procedures as well as FAQ for parents were made available to the staff through a mobile application developed in the University of Geneva, Switzerland. Using a third-party statistics tool, we anonymously monitored user activity as well as content utilization patterns since the diagnostic of the first case of SARS-CoV-2 in Switzerland on February 25, 2020. RESULTS: During the period of February 25 to March 13, 2020 (18 days) information documents on SARS-CoV-2 were viewed 859 times which amounted for 35.6% of total content views. User activity increased significantly with 50.8 (SD = 14.4) vs 26.4 (SD = 9.8) users per day comparing to previous weeks (p < 0.001). In addition, sessions number per day more than doubled during mentioned period (p < 0.001). In a survey medical staff found the information easy to find within the application. On a 10 point Likert-scale the ability of the application to reassure staff in clinical practice was rated 7.6 (SD = 2.1), time-saving ability was rated 8.5/10 (SD = 2.1) and the need to look for information from other sources was rated with a score of 5.9/10 (SD = 3.3). CONCLUSIONS: The use of a mHealth solution to disseminate novel coronavirus related information seemed to be an effective and timesaving communication channel within our institution during SARS-CoV-2 outbreak. Medical staff felt reassured and informed in daily practice. More research should be done concerning the clinical impact and outcomes of the integration of mHealth solutions as a communication channel of validated information within health institutions.
JO  - JMIR Public Health Surveill
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32250958
DO  - 10.2196/18668
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Tracking COVID-19 in Europe: An Infodemiology Study
AU  - Mavragani, Amaryllis
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Infodemiology, i.e. information epidemiology, uses Web-based data in order to inform public health and policy. Infodemiology metrics have been widely and successfully employed in order to assess and forecast epidemics and outbreaks. OBJECTIVE: In light of the recent COVID-19 pandemic that started in Wuhan, China, in 2019, in this report online search traffic data from Google are used aiming at tracking the spread of the new Coronavirus. METHODS: Time-series from Google Trends from January to March 2020 on the topic of "Coronavirus" are retrieved and correlated with official data on COVID-19 cases and deaths in the European countries that have been affected the most; Italy (at national and regional level), Spain, France, Germany, and the UK. RESULTS: Statistically significant correlations are observed between the online interest and COVID-19 cases and deaths. Furthermore, a critical point after which the Pearson correlation coefficient starts declining (even if it is still is statistically significant) is identified, indicating that this method is most efficient in regions or countries that have not peaked in COVID-19 cases yet. CONCLUSIONS: In the past, infodemiology metrics in general and data from Google Trends in specific, have been shown to be useful in tracking and forecasting outbreaks, epidemics and pandemics, as, for example, in the cases of MERS, Ebola, measles, and Zika. With the COVID-19 pandemic still at the beginning, it is essential to explore and combine new methods of disease surveillance, in order to assist with the preparedness of the respective health care systems at regional level.
JO  - JMIR Public Health Surveill
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32250957
DO  - 10.2196/18941
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Interpreting COVID-19 and Virtual Care Trends: A Call for Action
AU  - Khairat, Saif
AU  - Meng, Chenlu
AU  - Xu, Yuxuan
AU  - Edson, Barbara
AU  - Gianforcaro, Robert
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - UNSTRUCTURED: Background: The Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic is rapidly spreading across the world. As of March 26th, 2020, there are more than 500,000 cases and more than 25,000 deaths related to COVID-19, and the number are increasing by the hour. Objective: The objective of this study was to study the trends in confirmed COVID-19 cases in North Carolina, along with understanding patterns of received virtual visits related to symptoms of COVID-19. Methods: We conducted a cohort study of patients using an on-demand, state-wide Virtual Urgent Care (VUC) center. We collected data from February 1, 2020 until March 15, 2020. Institutional Review Board exemption was obtained prior to the study. Results: Of the 733 total virtual visits, 257 (35%) were COVID-19 like symptoms. Of the COVID-19 like visits, the number of females was 178 (70%). People in the 30-39 years of age (26%) and 40-49 years (25%) were 50% of the total patients. Additionally, approximately 97% of the COVID-like encounters came from within the State of North Carolina. Our study shows that VC can provide efficient triaging in the counties were the highest number of COVID-19 cases. We also confirmed that the widespread of the disease occurs in areas of high population density as well as in areas with major airports. Conclusions: The use of Virtual Care presents promising potential in the fight against COVID-19. Virtual Care is capable to reduce ER visits, conserve healthcare resources, and avoid the spread of COVID-19 by treating patient remotely. We call on more adoption of Virtual Care by health systems across the U.S. and the world during the COVID-19 pandemic.
JO  - JMIR Public Health Surveill
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32252023
DO  - 10.2196/18811
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Dentists' awareness, perception, and attitude regarding COVID-19 and infection control: A cross-sectional study among Jordanian dentists
AU  - Khader, Yousef
AU  - Al Nsour, Mohannad
AU  - Al-Batayneh, Ola Barakat
AU  - Saadeh, Rami
AU  - Bashier, Haitham
AU  - Alfaqih, Mahmoud
AU  - Al-Azzam, Sayer
AU  - AlShurman, Bara' Abdallah
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Despite the availability of prevention guidelines and recommendations on infection control, many dental practices lack the minimum requirements of infection control. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the level of awareness, perception, and attitude regarding COVID-19 and infection control among Jordanian dentists. METHODS: The study population consisted of dentists who work in private clinics, hospitals, and health centers in Jordan. An online questionnaire was sent to a sample of Jordanian dentists in March 2020. The questionnaire comprised a series of questions about dentists' demographic characteristics, their awareness of incubation period, the symptoms of the disease, mode of transmission of the COVID-19, and infection control measures for preventing COVID-19, and their attitude toward treating patients with COVID-19. RESULTS: This study included a total of 368 dentists aged from 22 to 73 year with a mean (SD) of 32.9 (10.6) year. A total of 112 (30.4%) had completed a master or residency program in dentistry, 195 (53.0%) had received training in infection control in dentistry, and 28 (7.6%) had attended training or received lectures regarding COVID-19. A total of 133 (36.1%) dentists reported that the incubation period is 1-14 days. The majority of dentists were aware of COVID-19 symptoms and ways of how to identify patients at risk of having COVID-19, were able to correctly report known modes of transmission and were aware of measures for preventing COVID-19 transmission in dental clinics. A total of 275 (74.7%) believed that it is necessary to ask patients to sit far from each other, wear masks while in the waiting room, and wash hands before getting in the dental chair to decrease disease transmission. CONCLUSIONS: Jordanian dentists were aware of COVID-19 symptoms, mode of transmission, infection control and measures in dental clinic. However, dentists had limited comprehension of the extra precautionary measures that protect the dental staff and other patients from COVID-19. National and international guidelines should be sent by the regional and national dental associations to all registered dentists during crisis, including this COVID -19 pandemic, to make sure that dentists are well informed and aware of the best practices and recommended disease management approaches. CLINICALTRIAL:
JO  - JMIR Public Health Surveill
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32250959
DO  - 10.2196/18798
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Assessment of Health Information About COVID-19 Prevention on the Internet: Infodemiological Study
AU  - Hernandez-Garcia, Ignacio
AU  - Gimenez-Julvez, Teresa
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: The internet is a large source of health information and has the capacity to influence its users. However, the information found on the internet often lacks scientific rigor, as anyone may upload content. This factor is a cause of great concern to scientific societies, governments, and users. OBJECTIVE: The objective of our study was to investigate the information about the prevention of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on the internet. METHODS: On February 29, 2020, we performed a Google search with the terms "Prevention coronavirus," "Prevention COVID-19," "Prevencion coronavirus," and "Prevencion COVID-19". A univariate analysis was performed to study the association between the type of authorship, country of publication, and recommendations to avoid COVID-19 according to the World Health Organization (WHO). RESULTS: In total, 80 weblinks were reviewed. Most of them were produced in the United States and Spain (n=58, 73%) by digital media sources and official public health organizations (n=60, 75%). The most mentioned WHO preventive measure was "wash your hands frequently" (n=65, 81%). A less frequent recommendation was to "stay home if you feel unwell" (n=26, 33%). The analysis by type of author (official public health organizations versus digital media) revealed significant differences regarding the recommendation to wear a mask when you are healthy only if caring for a person with suspected COVID-19 (odds ratio [OR] 4.39). According to the country of publication (Spain versus the United States), significant differences were detected regarding some recommendations such as "wash your hands frequently" (OR 9.82), "cover your mouth and nose with your bent elbow or tissue when you cough or sneeze" (OR 4.59), or "stay home if you feel unwell" (OR 0.31). CONCLUSIONS: It is necessary to urge and promote the use of the websites of official public health organizations when seeking information on COVID-19 preventive measures on the internet. In this way, users will be able to obtain high-quality information more frequently, and such websites may improve their accessibility and positioning, given that search engines justify the positioning of links obtained in a search based on the frequency of access to them.
JO  - JMIR Public Health Surveill
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32217507
DO  - 10.2196/18717
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Three Steps Needed to End the COVID-19 Pandemic: Bold Public Health Leadership, Rapid Innovations, and Courageous Political Will
AU  - Guest, Jodie L.
AU  - Del Rio, Carlos
AU  - Sanchez, Travis
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The world is experiencing the expansive spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in a global pandemic that is placing strain on health care, economic, and social systems. Commitment to implementing proven public health strategies will require bold public health leadership and courageous acts by politicians. Developing new innovative communication, mitigation, and health care approaches, particularly in the era of social media, is also clearly warranted. We believe that the best public health evidence must inform activities in three priority areas to stop this pandemic: (1) coordinated and consistent stay-at-home orders across multiple jurisdictions, including potential nationwide mandates; (2) rapid scale-up of SARS-CoV-2 testing; and (3) improved health care capacity to respond. This editorial outlines those areas, the rationale behind them, and the call for innovation and engagement of bold public health leadership to empower courageous political action to reduce the number of deaths during this pandemic.
JO  - JMIR Public Health Surveill
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32240972
DO  - 10.2196/19043
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID- 19 misinformation on the internet: The other epidemy
AU  - Cuan-Baltazar, Jose Yunam
AU  - Munoz-Perez, Maria Jose
AU  - Robledo-Vega, Carolina
AU  - Perez-Zepeda, Maria Fernanda
AU  - Soto-Vega, Elena
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: The internet has become an important source of health information for users worldwide. The novel Coronavirus caused a pandemic search for information with broad dissemination of false or misleading health information. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality and readability of online information about Wuhan Coronavirus (actually COVID-19), which was a trending topic in the net, using validated instruments and relate the quality of information to its readability. METHODS: The search was based on the term Wuhan Coronavirus on the Google website (6 February 2020). At the search time, the terms "COVID-19" or "SARS-CoV-2" did not exist yet. Critical analysis was performed on the first 110 hits using HON code, JAMA benchmark, DISCERN instrument, and Google rank. RESULTS: The Google search returned 309,000,000 hits. The first 110 websites were critically analyzed, and only 1.81% of the websites had the HON code seal. The JAMA benchmark showed that 39% of websites did not have any of the categories required by this tool and only 10% of the websites had the 4 quality criteria required by JAMA. The DISCERN score showed that 70% of the websites were evaluated as low score and none one was rated as high score. CONCLUSIONS: Non-health personnel and the scientific community need to be aware of the quality of the information they read and produce respectively. The Wuhan Coronavirus health crisis misinformation was produced by the media and the misinformation the users obtain from the net. The use of the internet has a risk to public health and in cases like this; the governments should be developing strategies to regulate health information in the internet without censuring the population. By February 6, no quality information was available in the internet about COVID-19.
JO  - JMIR Public Health Surveill
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32250960
DO  - 10.2196/18444
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and Cancer: Lessons From a Pooled Meta-Analysis
AU  - Desai, Aakash
AU  - Sachdeva, Sonali
AU  - Parekh, Tarang
AU  - Desai, Rupak
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JCO Glob Oncol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32250659
DO  - 10.1200/GO.20.00097
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Practical experiences and suggestions for the 'eagle-eyed observer': a novel promising role for controlling nosocomial infection in the COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Peng, J.
AU  - Ren, N.
AU  - Wang, M.
AU  - Zhang, G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Hosp Infect
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32142887
DO  - 10.1016/j.jhin.2020.02.020
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Anesthetic Management of Patients with COVID 19 Infections during Emergency Procedures
AU  - Zhao, Shuai
AU  - Ling, Ken
AU  - Yan, Hong
AU  - Zhong, Liang
AU  - Peng, Xiaohong
AU  - Yao, Shanglong
AU  - Huang, Jiapeng
AU  - Chen, Xiangdong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to prevent cross-infection in the operating room during emergency procedures for patients with confirmed or suspected 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by following anesthesia management protocols, and to document clinical- and anesthesia-related characteristics of these patients. DESIGN: This was a retrospective, multicenter clinical study. SETTING: This study used a multicenter dataset from 4 hospitals in Wuhan, China. PARTICIPANTS: Patients and health care providers with confirmed or suspected 2019-nCoV from January 23 to 31, 2020, at the Wuhan Union Hospital, the Wuhan Children's Hospital, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, and the Wuhan Fourth Hospital in Wuhan, China. INTERVENTIONS: Anesthetic management and infection control guidelines for emergency procedures for patients with suspected 2019-nCoV were drafted and applied in 4 hospitals in Wuhan. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Cross-infection in the operating rooms of the 4 hospitals was effectively reduced by implementing the new measures and procedures. The majority of patients with laboratory-confirmed 2019-nCoV infection or suspected infection were female (23 [62%] of 37), and the mean age was 41.0 years old (standard deviation 19.6; range 4-78). 10 (27%) patients had chronic medical illnesses, including 4 (11%) with diabetes, 8 (22%) with hypertension, and 8 (22%) with digestive system disease. Twenty-five (68%) patients presented with lymphopenia, and 23 (62%) patients exhibited multiple mottling and ground-glass opacity on computed tomography scanning. CONCLUSIONS: The present study indicates that COVID 19-specific guidelines for emergency procedures for patients with confirmed or suspected 2019-nCoV may effectively prevent cross-infection in the operating room. Most patients with confirmed or suspected COVID 19 presented with fever and dry cough and demonstrated bilateral multiple mottling and ground-glass opacity on chest computed tomography scans.
JO  - J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32178954
DO  - 10.1053/j.jvca.2020.02.039
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and gender-specific difference: Analysis of public surveillance data in Hong Kong and Shenzhen, China, from January 10 to February 15, 2020
AU  - Zhao, Shi
AU  - Cao, Peihua
AU  - Chong, Marc K. C.
AU  - Gao, Daozhou
AU  - Lou, Yijun
AU  - Ran, Jinjun
AU  - Wang, Kai
AU  - Wang, Weiming
AU  - Yang, Lin
AU  - He, Daihai
AU  - Wang, Maggie H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32146921
DO  - 10.1017/ice.2020.64
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The difference in the incubation period of 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection between travelers to Hubei and nontravelers: The need for a longer quarantine period
AU  - Leung, Char
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Data collected from the individual cases reported by the media were used to estimate the distribution of the incubation period of travelers to Hubei versus that of nontravelers. Because a longer and more volatile incubation period has been observed in travelers, the duration of quarantine should be extended to 3 weeks.
JO  - Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32183920
DO  - 10.1017/ice.2020.81
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Internet hospitals help prevent and control the epidemic of COVID-19 in China: a multicenter user profiling study
AU  - Gong, Kai
AU  - Xu, Zhong
AU  - Cai, Zhefeng
AU  - Chen, Yuxiu
AU  - Wang, Zhanxiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Along with the spread of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), internet hospitals in China were engaged in the epidemic prevention and control, offering epidemic-related online services and medical supports to the public. OBJECTIVE: To explore the role of internet hospitals during the prevention and control of COVID-19 in China. METHODS: Online epidemic-related consultations from multicenter internet hospitals in China during the epidemic of COVID-19 were collected. The counselees were described and classified into seven type groups. Symptoms were recorded and compared with reported COVID-19 patients. Hypochondriacal suspicion and offline-visit motivation were detected within each counselees' group to evaluate the social panic of the epidemic along with the consequent medical seeking behaviors. The counselees' motivation and the doctors' recommendation for offline visit were compared. Risk factors affecting the counselees' tendency of hypochondriacal suspicion and offline-visit motivation were explored by logistic regression models. The epidemic prevention and control measures based on internet hospitals were listed and the corresponding effects were discussed. RESULTS: 4913 consultations were enrolled for analysis with the median age of the counselees 28 years (inter-quartile range: 22-33 years). There were 104(2.1%) healthy counselees, 147(3.0%) hypochondriacal counselees, 34(0.7%) exposed counselees, 853(17.4%) mildly suspicious counselees, 42(0.9%) moderately suspicious counselees, 3550(72.3%) highly suspicious counselees and 183(3.7%) severely suspicious counselees. 94.2% counselees had epidemic-related symptoms with a distribution similar to those of COVID-19. The hypochondriacal suspicion mode (44.1%) was common. The counselees' motivation and the doctors' recommendation for offline visit were inconsistent (P<0.001) with Cohen Kappa score 0.039, indicating improper medical-seeking behaviors. Adult counselees (OR=1.816, P<0.001) with epidemiological exposure (OR= 7.568, P<0.001), shortness of breath (OR=1.440, P=0.001), diarrhea (OR=1.272, P=0.04) and unrelated symptoms (OR=1.509, P<0.001) were more likely to have hypochondriacal suspicion. Counselees with severe illnesses (OR= 2.303, P<0.001), fever (OR= 1.660, P<0.001), epidemiological exposure history (OR=1.440, P=0.012) and hypochondriacal suspicion (OR= 4.826, P<0.001) were more likely to attempt for offline visit. Re-attendant counselees (OR=0.545, P=0.002) were less motivated to go to the offline clinic. CONCLUSIONS: Internet hospitals can serve different types of epidemic counselees, offer essential medical supports to the public during COVID-19, further release the social panic, promote social distancing, enhance the public's ability of self-protection, correct improper medical seeking behaviors, reduce the chance of nosocomial cross infection, facilitate epidemiological screening, thus play an important role on preventing and controlling COVID-19. CLINICALTRIAL:
JO  - J Med Internet Res
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32250962
DO  - 10.2196/18908
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Related Misinformation on Social Media: A Qualitative Study from Iran
AU  - Bastani, Peivand
AU  - Bahrami, Mohammad Amin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Background: During outbreaks of diseases a great amount of health threatening misinformation is produced and released. In the web-2 era much of this misinformation is disseminated via social media where information could spread easily and quickly. Monitoring social media content provides crucial insights for health managers to manage the crisis. OBJECTIVE: Objective: Given the misinformation surrounding COVID-19 outbreak, this study was aimed to analyze contents of the most commonly used social networks in Iran that is among the affected countries. METHODS: Methods: A social media monitoring conducted through a qualitative design to analyze the discussions of social media users about the content related to COVID-19 transferred via Iranian medical faculty members` groups in Telegram and Whats App during Feb 20 to March 20, 2020 emphasizing the misinformation. Discourse analysis was applied and the written dialogues and discussions regarding misinformation about different aspects of the outbreak between medical faculty members all over the country were analyzed. RESULTS: Results: Cultural factors, demand pressure for information during the crisis, the easiness of information dissemination via social networks, marketing incentives and the poor legal supervision of online contents are the main reasons of misinformation dissemination. Disease statistics; treatments, vaccines and medicines; prevention and protection methods; dietary recommendations and disease transmission ways are the main subjective categories of releasing misinformation regarding novel coronavirus outbreak. Consequences of misinformation dissemination regarding disease include psychosocial; economic; health status; health system and ethical ones. Active and effective presence of health professionals and authorities on social media during the crisis and the improvement of public health literacy in the long term are the most recommended strategies for dealing with issues related to misinformation. CONCLUSIONS: Conclusion: This study contributes the management of COVID-19 outbreak trough providing applicable insights for health managers to manage public information in this challenging time. CLINICALTRIAL:
JO  - J Med Internet Res
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32250961
DO  - 10.2196/18932
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The GReek study in the Effects of Colchicine in COvid-19 complications prevention (GRECCO-19 study): rationale and study design
AU  - Deftereos, Spyridon G.
AU  - Siasos, Gerasimos
AU  - Giannopoulos, Georgios
AU  - Vrachatis, Dimitrios A.
AU  - Angelidis, Christos
AU  - Giotaki, Sotiria G.
AU  - Gargalianos, Panagiotis
AU  - Giamarellou, Helen
AU  - Gogos, Charalampos
AU  - Daikos, Georgios
AU  - Lazanas, Marios
AU  - Lagiou, Pagona
AU  - Saroglou, Georgios
AU  - Sipsas, Nikolaos
AU  - Tsiodras, Sotirios
AU  - Chatzigeorgiou, Dimitrios
AU  - Moussas, Nikolaos
AU  - Kotanidou, Anastasia
AU  - Koulouris, Nikolaos
AU  - Oikonomou, Evangelos
AU  - Kaoukis, Andreas
AU  - Kossyvakis, Charalampos
AU  - Raisakis, Konstantinos
AU  - Fountoulaki, Katerina
AU  - Comis, Mihalis
AU  - Tsiachris, Dimitrios
AU  - Sarri, Eleni
AU  - Theodorakis, Andreas
AU  - Martinez-Dolz, Luis
AU  - Jorge, Sanz-Sanchez
AU  - Reimers, Bernhard
AU  - Stefanini, Giulio G.
AU  - Cleman, Michael
AU  - Filippou, Dimitrios
AU  - Olympios, Christoforos D.
AU  - Pyrgakis, Vlasios N.
AU  - Goudevenos, John
AU  - Hahalis, George
AU  - Kolettis, Theofilos M.
AU  - Iliodromitis, Efstathios
AU  - Tousoulis, Dimitrios
AU  - Stefanadis, Christodoulos
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Colchicine has been utilized safely in a variety of cardiovascular clinical conditions. Among its potential mechanisms of action is the non-selective inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome which is thought to be a major pathophysiologic component in the clinical course of patients with COVID-19. METHODS: GRECCO-19 will be prospective, cluster randomized, open-labeled, controlled study. Patients with laboratory confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection (under RT PCR) and clinical picture that involves temperature >37.5 oC and at least two out of the: i. sustained coughing, ii. sustained throat pain, iii. Anosmia and/or ageusia, iv. fatigue/tiredness, v. PaO2<95 mmHg will be included. CONCLUSIONS: GRECCO-19 trial aims to identify whether colchicine may positively intervene in the clinical course of COVID-19. (The study has been submitted to clinicaltrials.gov on March 26, 2020).
JO  - Hellenic J Cardiol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32251729
DO  - 10.1016/j.hjc.2020.03.002
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Gastrointestinal Manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Virus Load in Fecal Samples from the Hong Kong Cohort and Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
AU  - Cheung, Ka Shing
AU  - Hung, Ivan Fn
AU  - Chan, Pierre Py
AU  - Lung, K. C.
AU  - Tso, Eugene
AU  - Liu, Raymond
AU  - Ng, Y. Y.
AU  - Chu, Man Y.
AU  - Chung, Tom Wh
AU  - Tam, Anthony Raymond
AU  - Yip, Cyril Cy
AU  - Leung, Kit-Hang
AU  - Yim-Fong Fung, Agnes
AU  - Zhang, Ricky R.
AU  - Lin, Yansheng
AU  - Cheng, Ho Ming
AU  - Zhang, Anna Jx
AU  - To, Kelvin Kw
AU  - Chan, Kwok- H.
AU  - Yuen, Kwok- Y.
AU  - Leung, Wai K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND & AIMS: Infection with SARS-CoV-2 causes COVID-19, which has been characterized by fever, respiratory, and gastrointestinal symptoms as well as shedding of virus RNA into feces. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of published gastrointestinal symptoms and detection of virus in stool, and also summarized data from a cohort of patients with COVID-19 in Hong Kong. METHODS: We collected data from the cohort of patients with COVID-19 in Hong Kong (n=59; diagnosis from February 2 through Feb 29, 2020), and searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane and three Chinese databases through March 11, 2020 according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We analyzed pooled data on the prevalence of overall and individual gastrointestinal symptoms (anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain or discomfort) using a random effects model. RESULTS: Among the 59 patients with COVID-19 in Hong Kong, 15 patients (25.4%) had gastrointestinal symptoms and 9 patients (15.3%) had stool that tested positive for virus RNA. Stool viral RNA was detected in 38.5% and 8.7% among those with and without diarrhea, respectively (P=.02). The median fecal viral load was 5.1 log10cpm in patients with diarrhea vs 3.9 log10cpm in patients without diarrhea (P=.06). In a meta-analysis of 60 studies, comprising 4243 patients, the pooled prevalence of all gastrointestinal symptoms was 17.6% (95% CI, 12.3%-24.5%); 11.8% of patients with non-severe COVID-19 had gastrointestinal symptoms (95% CI, 4.1%-29.1%) and 17.1% of patients with severe COVID-19 had gastrointestinal symptoms (95% CI, 6.9%-36.7%). In the meta-analysis, the pooled prevalence of stool samples that were positive for virus RNA was 48.1% (95% CI, 38.3%-57.9%); of these samples, 70.3% of those collected after loss of virus from respiratory specimens tested positive for the virus (95% CI, 49.6%-85.1%). CONCLUSIONS: In an analysis of data from the Hong Kong cohort of patients with COVID-19 and a meta-analysis of findings from publications, we found that 17.6% of patients with COVID-19 had gastrointestinal symptoms. Virus RNA was detected in stool samples from 48.1% patients-even in stool collected after respiratory samples tested negative. Healthcare workers should therefore exercise caution in collecting fecal samples or performing endoscopic procedures in patients with COVID-19-even during patient recovery.
JO  - Gastroenterology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32251668
DO  - 10.1053/j.gastro.2020.03.065
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - WHO International Health Regulations Emergency Committee for the COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Jee, Youngmee
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - To discuss whether the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak constitutes a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC), World Health Organization (WHO) organized the 15-member International Health Regulations Emergency Committee (EC). On January 22-23 and January 30, 2020, EC convened and discussed whether the situation in China and other countries would constitute PHEIC and issued recommendations for WHO, China and the international community. Based on the recommendations of EC, WHO declared the COVID-19 outbreak a PHEIC. One of the purposes of the declaration of PHEIC was to alarm countries with weak public health infrastructures to prepare promptly for emerging infectious diseases (EID) and provide WHO with a framework for proactively supporting those countries. On February 3, 2020, WHO proposed the 2019 COVID-19 Strategic Preparedness and Response Plan, which includes accelerating research and development (R&D) processes as one of three major strategies. On February 11-12, 2020, WHO held the Global Research and Innovation Forum: Towards a Research Roadmap for COVID-19. The fact that a COVID-19 R&D forum was the first meeting convened after the PHEIC declaration testifies to the importance of R&D in response to EID. Korea has demonstrated a remarkable capacity in its laboratory response by conducting high-throughput COVID-19 testing and utilizing innovative drive-through samplings. These measures for early detection and screening of cases should be followed by full efforts to produce research-based evidence by thoroughly analyzing epidemiological, clinical and immunological data, which will facilitate the development of vaccines and therapeutics for COVID-19. It is expected that Korea plays a global partner for COVID-19 research by actively participating in immediate and mid/long-term priorities jointly led by WHO and global partners.
JO  - Epidemiol Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32192278
DO  - 10.4178/epih.e2020013
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Dermatology practices as vectors for COVID-19 transmission: a call for immediate cessation of non-emergent dermatology visits
AU  - Kwatra, Shawn G.
AU  - Sweren, Ronald J.
AU  - Grossberg, Anna L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Am Acad Dermatol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32213307
DO  - 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.03.037
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19
AU  - Kim, Khae Hawn
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Int Neurourol J
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32252179
DO  - 10.5213/inj.2020edi.001
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical characteristics of 25 death cases with COVID-19: a retrospective review of medical records in a single medical center, Wuhan, China
AU  - Li, Xun
AU  - Wang, Luwen
AU  - Yan, Shaonan
AU  - Yang, Fan
AU  - Xiang, Longkui
AU  - Zhu, Jiling
AU  - Shen, Bo
AU  - Gong, Zuojiong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVES: This study aims to summarize the clinical characteristics of death cases with COVID-19 and to identify critically ill patients of COVID-19 early and reduce their mortality. METHODS: The clinical records, laboratory findings and radiological assessments included chest X-ray or computed tomography were extracted from electronic medical records of 25 died patients with COVID-19 in Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from Jan 14 to Feb 13, 2020. Two experienced clinicians reviewed and abstracted the data. RESULTS: The age and underlying diseases (hypertension, diabetes, etc.) were the most important risk factors for death of COVID-19 pneumonia. Bacterial infections may play an important role in promoting the death of patients. Malnutrition was common to severe patients. Multiple organ dysfunction can be observed, the most common organ damage was lung, followed by heart, kidney and liver. The rising of neutrophils, SAA, PCT, CRP, cTnI, D-dimer, LDH and lactate levels can be used as indicators of disease progression, as well as the decline of lymphocytes counts. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical characteristics of 25 death cases with COVID-19 we summarized, which would be helpful to identify critically ill patients of COVID-19 early and reduce their mortality.
JO  - Int J Infect Dis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32251805
DO  - 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.03.053
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Structural and molecular modeling studies reveal a new mechanism of action of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine against SARS-CoV-2 infection
AU  - Fantini, Jacques
AU  - Scala, Coralie Di
AU  - Chahinian, Henri
AU  - Yahi, Nouara
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The recent emergence of the novel pathogenic SARS-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for a global pandemic. In face of the health emergency, drug repositioning is the most reliable option to design an efficient therapy for infected patients without delay. The first step of the viral replication cycle, i.e. the attachment to the surface of respiratory cells mediated by the spike (S) viral protein, offers several potential therapeutic targets. The S protein uses the ACE-2 receptor for entry, but also sialic acids linked to host cell surface gangliosides. Using a combination of structural and molecular modeling approaches, we showed that chloroquine (CLQ), one of the drugs currently under investigation for SARS-CoV-2 treatment, binds sialic acids and gangliosides with high affinity. We identified a new type of ganglioside-binding domain at the tip of the N-terminal domain of the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein. This domain (aa 111-158), which is fully conserved among clinical isolates worldwide, may improve the attachment of the virus to lipid rafts and facilitate the contact with the ACE-2 receptor. We showed that in presence of CLQ (or of the more active derivative hydroxychloroquine, CLQ-OH), the viral spike is no longer able to bind gangliosides. The identification of this new mechanism of action of CLQ and CLQ-OH supports the use of these repositioned drugs to cure SARS-CoV-2 infected patients and stop the pandemic. Our in silico approaches might also be used to assess the efficiency of a broad range of repositioned and/or innovative drug candidates before their clinical evaluation.
JO  - Int J Antimicrob Agents
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32251731
DO  - 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105960
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prioritizing Access to Surgical Care During the Coronavirus Pandemic
AU  - Carlson, Gordon L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Dis Colon Rectum
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32251144
DO  - 10.1097/DCR.0000000000001698
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Residency and Fellowship Program Accreditation: Effects of the Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic
AU  - Potts, John R., 3rd
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The United States is now in the grip of pandemic. Surgical services have been severely disrupted and will be for at least several months. The pandemic poses unprecedented challenges to surgical residency and fellowship programs. In turn, there are unprecedented challenges to the process of accrediting those programs. This article delineates some of those challenges and the responses to them which are known, to date.
JO  - J Am Coll Surg
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32251848
DO  - 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2020.03.026
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and Beyond: Micropractices for Burnout Prevention and Emotional Wellness
AU  - Fessell, David
AU  - Cherniss, Cary
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Am Coll Radiol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32208139
DO  - 10.1016/j.jacr.2020.03.013
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel Screening and Triage Strategy in Iran During Deadly Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Epidemic: Value of Humanitarian Teleconsultation Service
AU  - Davarpanah, Amir H.
AU  - Mahdavi, Arash
AU  - Sabri, Ali
AU  - Langroudi, Taraneh Faghihi
AU  - Kahkouee, Shahram
AU  - Haseli, Sara
AU  - Kazemi, Mohammad Ali
AU  - Mehrian, Payam
AU  - Mahdavi, Ali
AU  - Falahati, Farahnaz
AU  - Tuchayi, Abuzar Moradi
AU  - Bakhshayeshkaram, Mehrdad
AU  - Taheri, Morteza Sanei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Am Coll Radiol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32208138
DO  - 10.1016/j.jacr.2020.03.015
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - ACE2 at the centre of COVID-19 from paucisymptomatic infections to severe pneumonia
AU  - Rivellese, Felice
AU  - Prediletto, Edoardo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Autoimmun Rev
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32251718
DO  - 10.1016/j.autrev.2020.102536
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical characteristics of non-critically ill patients with novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) in a Fangcang Hospital
AU  - Wang, Xiaobing
AU  - Fang, Jun
AU  - Zhu, Yue
AU  - Chen, Liping
AU  - Ding, Feng
AU  - Zhou, Rui
AU  - Ge, Liuqing
AU  - Wang, Fan
AU  - Chen, Qian
AU  - Zhang, Yongxi
AU  - Zhao, Qiu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVES: Describe the clinical characteristics of patients in Fangcang Hospital. METHODS: Non-critically ill patients with positive SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR tests admitted to Dongxihu 'Fangcang' Hospital between February 7th and 12th were included, which was promptly constructed because of the rapid, exponential increase in COVID-19 patients in Wuhan, China; clinical course through February 22nd was recorded. RESULTS: 1012 non-critically ill patients with positive SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR tests were included in the study. 30 (of 1012, 3.0%) patients were asymptomatic on admission. During hospitalization, 16 of 30 (53.3%) asymptomatic patients suffered from different symptoms. Fourteen of 1012 patients (1.4%) remained asymptomatic from exposure to the end of follow-up, with a median duration of 24 days (IQR 22-27). Fever (761 of 1012, 75.2%) and cough (531 of 1012, 52.4%) were the most common symptoms. Small patchy opacities (355 of 917, 38.7%)and ground-glass opacities (508 of 917, 55.4%) were common imaging manifestations in chest CT scan. One hundred patients (9.9%) were transferred to designated hospitals due to aggravation of illness. Diarrhea emerged in 152 of 1012 patients (15.0%). Male, elder age, diabetes cardiovascular diseases, chills, dyspnea, SO2 value of </=93%, WBC counts of >10 x10(9)/L and large consolidated opacity on CT images were all risk factors for aggravation of illness. CONCLUSIONS: Non-critically ill patients had different clinical characteristics than critically ill patients. Asymptomatic infections only accounted for a small proportion of COVID-19. Although with a low incidence, diarrhea was observed in patients with COVID-19, indicating the possibility of faecal-oral transmission.
JO  - Clin Microbiol Infect
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32251842
DO  - 10.1016/j.cmi.2020.03.032
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Maternal and neonatal outcomes of pregnant women with COVID-19 pneumonia: a case-control study
AU  - Li, Na
AU  - Han, Lefei
AU  - Peng, Min
AU  - Lv, Yuxia
AU  - Ouyang, Yin
AU  - Liu, Kui
AU  - Yue, Linli
AU  - Li, Qiannan
AU  - Sun, Guoqiang
AU  - Chen, Lin
AU  - Yang, Lin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: The ongoing epidemics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have caused serious concerns about its potential adverse effects on pregnancy. There are limited data on maternal and neonatal outcomes of pregnant women with COVID-19 pneumonia. METHODS: We conducted a case-control study to compare clinical characteristics, maternal and neonatal outcomes of pregnant women with and without COVID-19 pneumonia. RESULTS: During January 24 to February 29, 2020, there were sixteen pregnant women with confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia and eighteen suspected cases who were admitted to labor in the third trimester. Two had vaginal delivery and the rest took cesarean section. Few patients presented respiratory symptoms (fever and cough) on admission, but most had typical chest CT images of COVID-19 pneumonia. Compared to the controls, COVID-19 pneumonia patients had lower counts of white blood cells (WBC), neutrophils, C-reactive protein (CRP), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) on admission. Increased levels of WBC, neutrophils, eosinophils, and CRP were found in postpartum blood tests of pneumonia patients. There were three (18.8%) and three (16.7%) of the mothers with confirmed or suspected COVID-19 pneumonia had preterm delivery due to maternal complications, which were significantly higher than the control group. None experienced respiratory failure during hospital stay. COVID-19 infection was not found in the newborns and none developed severe neonatal complications. CONCLUSION: Severe maternal and neonatal complications were not observed in pregnant women with COVID-19 pneumonia who had vaginal delivery or caesarean section. Mild respiratory symptoms of pregnant women with COVID-19 pneumonia highlight the need of effective screening on admission.
JO  - Clin Infect Dis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32249918
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa352
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The use of anti-inflammatory drugs in the treatment of people with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): The Perspectives of clinical immunologists from China
AU  - Zhang, Wen
AU  - Zhao, Yan
AU  - Zhang, Fengchun
AU  - Wang, Qian
AU  - Li, Taisheng
AU  - Liu, Zhengyin
AU  - Wang, Jinglan
AU  - Qin, Yan
AU  - Zhang, Xuan
AU  - Yan, Xiaowei
AU  - Zeng, Xiaofeng
AU  - Zhang, Shuyang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The pandemic outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is rapidly spreading all over the world. Reports from China showed that about 20% of patients developed severe disease, resulting in a fatality of 4%. In the past two months, we clinical immunologists participated in multi-rounds of MDT (multidiscipline team) discussion on the anti-inflammation management of critical COVID-19 patients, with our colleagues dispatched from Chinese leading PUMC Hospital to Wuhan to admit and treat the most severe patients. Here, from the perspective of clinical immunologists, we will discuss the clinical and immunological characteristics of severe patients, and summarize the current evidence and share our experience in anti-inflammation treatment, including glucocorticoids, IL-6 antagonist, JAK inhibitors and choloroquine/hydrocholoroquine, of patients with severe COVID-19 that may have an impaired immune system.
JO  - Clin Immunol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32222466
DO  - 10.1016/j.clim.2020.108393
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Potential effect of blood purification therapy in reducing cytokine storm as a late complication of critically ill COVID-19
AU  - Ma, Jie
AU  - Xia, Peng
AU  - Zhou, Yangzhong
AU  - Liu, Zhengyin
AU  - Zhou, Xiang
AU  - Wang, Jinglan
AU  - Li, Taisheng
AU  - Yan, Xiaowei
AU  - Chen, Limeng
AU  - Zhang, Shuyang
AU  - Qin, Yan
AU  - Li, Xuemei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clin Immunol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32247038
DO  - 10.1016/j.clim.2020.108408
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemiology, virology, and clinical features of severe acute respiratory syndrome -coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2; Coronavirus Disease-19)
AU  - Park, Su Eun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A cluster of severe pneumonia of unknown etiology in Wuhan City, Hubei province in China emerged in December 2019. A novel coronavirus named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) was isolated from lower respiratory tract sample as the causative agent. The current outbreak of infections with SARS-CoV-2 is termed Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) by the World Health Organization (WHO). COVID-19 rapidly spread into at least 114 countries and killed more than 4,000 people by March 11 2020. WHO officially declared COVID-19 a pandemic on March 11, 2020. There have been two novel coronavirus outbreaks in the past two decades. The 2002-2003 outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2002-2003 caused by SARS-CoV had a case fatality rate of around 10% (8,098 confirmed cases and 774 death), while Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) caused by MERS-CoV killed 861 people out of a total 2,502 confirmed cases between 2012 and 2019. The purpose of this review is to summarize known-to-date information about SARS-CoV-2, transmission of SARS-CoV-2, and clinical features.
JO  - Clin Exp Pediatr
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32252141
DO  - 10.3345/cep.2020.00493
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Hemorrhagic Problem Among the Patients With COVID-19: Clinical Summary of 41 Thai Infected Patients
AU  - Joob, Beuy
AU  - Wiwanitkit, Viroj
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clin Appl Thromb Hemost
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32250159
DO  - 10.1177/1076029620918308
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recommendations for respiratory rehabilitation in adults with COVID-19
AU  - Zhao, Hong-Mei
AU  - Xie, Yu-Xiao
AU  - Wang, Chen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is a highly infectious respiratory disease that leads to respiratory, physical, and psychological dysfunction in patients. Respiratory rehabilitation is an important intervention as well as cure for clinical patients. With increased understanding of COVID-19 and the accumulation of clinical experience, we proposed recommendations for respiratory rehabilitation in adults with COVID-19 based on the opinions of frontline clinical experts involved in the management of this epidemic and a review of the relevant literature and evidence. Our recommendations are as follows: 1. for inpatients with COVID-19, respiratory rehabilitation would relieve the symptoms of dyspnea, anxiety, and depression and eventually improve physical functions and the quality of life; 2. for severe/critical inpatients, early respiratory rehabilitation is not suggested; 3. for patients in isolation, respiratory rehabilitation guidance should be conducted through educational videos, instruction manuals, or remote consultation; 4. assessment and monitoring should be performed throughout the respiratory rehabilitation process; 5. proper grade protection should be used following the present guidelines. These recommendations can guide clinical practice and form the basis for respiratory rehabilitation in COVID-19 patients.
JO  - Chin Med J (Engl)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32251002
DO  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000848
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Lung transplantation as therapeutic option in acute respiratory distress syndrome for COVID-19-related pulmonary fibrosis
AU  - Chen, Jing-Yu
AU  - Qiao, Kun
AU  - Liu, Feng
AU  - Wu, Bo
AU  - Xu, Xin
AU  - Jiao, Guo-Qing
AU  - Lu, Rong-Guo
AU  - Li, Hui-Xing
AU  - Zhao, Jin
AU  - Huang, Jian
AU  - Yang, Yi
AU  - Lu, Xiao-Jie
AU  - Li, Jia-Shu
AU  - Jiang, Shu-Yun
AU  - Wang, Da-Peng
AU  - Hu, Chun-Xiao
AU  - Wang, Gui-Long
AU  - Huang, Dong-Xiao
AU  - Jiao, Guo-Hui
AU  - Wei, Dong
AU  - Ye, Shu-Gao
AU  - Huang, Jian-An
AU  - Zhou, Li
AU  - Zhang, Xiao-Qin
AU  - He, Jian-Xing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Critical patients with the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19), even those whose nucleic acid test results had turned negative and those receiving maximal medical support, have been noted to progress to irreversible fatal respiratory failure. Lung transplantation (LT) as the sole therapy for end-stage pulmonary fibrosis related to acute respiratory distress syndrome has been considered as the ultimate rescue therapy for these patients. METHODS: From February 10 to March 10, 2020, three male patients were urgently assessed and listed for transplantation. After conducting a full ethical review and after obtaining assent from the family of the patients, we performed three LT procedures for COVID-19 patients with illness durations of >1 month and extremely high sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) scores. RESULTS: Two of the three recipients survived post-LT and started participating in a rehabilitation program. Pearls of the LT team collaboration and perioperative logistics were summarized and continually improved. The pathological results of the explanted lungs were concordant with the critical clinical manifestation, and provided insight towards better understanding of the disease. Government health affair systems, virology detection tools, and modern communication technology all play key roles towards the survival of the patients and their rehabilitation. CONCLUSIONS: Lung transplantation can be performed in end-stage patients with respiratory failure due to COVID-19-related pulmonary fibrosis. If confirmed positive-turned-negative virology status without organ dysfunction, LT provided the final option for these patients to avoid certain death, with proper protection of transplant surgeons and medical staffs. By ensuring instant seamless care for both patients and medical teams, the goal of reducing the mortality rate and salvaging the lives of patients with COVID-19 can be attained.
JO  - Chin Med J (Engl)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32251003
DO  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000839
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Oral and nasal decontamination for COVID-19 patients: more harm than good?
AU  - Maguire, Duncan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Anesth Analg
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32250979
DO  - 10.1213/ANE.0000000000004853
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Your COVID-19 Intubation Kit
AU  - Lopez, Roberto A.
AU  - Anthony, Adrian
AU  - Zuo, Leila
AU  - Enomoto, T. Miko
AU  - Aziz, Michael F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Anesth Analg
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32250977
DO  - 10.1213/ANE.0000000000004855
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Importance of oral and nasal decontamination for patients undergoing anesthetics during the COVID-19 era
AU  - Loftus, Randy W.
AU  - Dexter, Franklin
AU  - Parra, Michelle C.
AU  - Brown, Jeremiah R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Anesth Analg
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32250978
DO  - 10.1213/ANE.0000000000004854
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Consensus guidelines for managing the airway in patients with COVID-19: Guidelines from the Difficult Airway Society, the Association of Anaesthetists the Intensive Care Society, the Faculty of Intensive Care Medicine and the Royal College of Anaesthetists
AU  - Cook, T. M.
AU  - El-Boghdadly, K.
AU  - McGuire, B.
AU  - McNarry, A. F.
AU  - Patel, A.
AU  - Higgs, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Severe acute respiratory syndrome-corona virus-2, which causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is highly contagious. Airway management of patients with COVID-19 is high risk to staff and patients. We aimed to develop principles for airway management of patients with COVID-19 to encourage safe, accurate and swift performance. This consensus statement has been brought together at short notice to advise on airway management for patients with COVID-19, drawing on published literature and immediately available information from clinicians and experts. Recommendations on the prevention of contamination of healthcare workers, the choice of staff involved in airway management, the training required and the selection of equipment are discussed. The fundamental principles of airway management in these settings are described for: emergency tracheal intubation; predicted or unexpected difficult tracheal intubation; cardiac arrest; anaesthetic care; and tracheal extubation. We provide figures to support clinicians in safe airway management of patients with COVID-19. The advice in this document is designed to be adapted in line with local workplace policies.
JO  - Anaesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32221970
DO  - 10.1111/anae.15054
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Pandemic: Staged Management of Surgical Services for Gynecology and Obstetrics
AU  - Weber Lebrun, Emily E.
AU  - Moawad, Nash S.
AU  - Rosenberg, Eric I.
AU  - Morey, Timothy E.
AU  - Davies, Laurie
AU  - Collins, William O.
AU  - Smulian, John C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 pandemic has required an unprecedented global healthcare response requiring maintenance of existing hospital-based services while simultaneously preparing for high-acuity care for infected and sick individuals. Hospitals must protect patients and the diverse healthcare workforce by conserving personal protective equipment and redeployment of facility resources. While each hospital or health system must evaluate their own capabilities and surge capacity, we present principles of management of surgical services during a health emergency and provide specific guidance to help with decision-making. We review the limited evidence from past hospital and community responses to various health emergencies and focus on systematic methods for adjusting surgical services to create capacity, addressing the specific risks of COVID-19. Successful strategies for tiered reduction of surgical cases involve multi-disciplinary engagement of the entire healthcare system and use of a structured risk-assessment categorization scheme which can be applied across the institution. Our institution developed and operationalized this approach over three working days, indicating that immediate implementation is feasible in response to an unforeseen healthcare emergency.
JO  - Am J Obstet Gynecol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32251649
DO  - 10.1016/j.ajog.2020.03.038
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Experience of tracheotomy for critical patients with COVID-19: a case report]
AU  - Dong, C. G.
AU  - Kang, X. W.
AU  - Lu, X.
AU  - Zhang, S. J.
AU  - Chen, X. B.
AU  - Zheng, H.
AU  - Sun, F. F.
AU  - Ma, J. Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zhonghua er bi yan hou tou jing wai ke za zhi = Chinese journal of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 55
IS  - 0
PG  - E008-E008
SP  - E008
EP  - E008
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20200229-00142
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - New Biophysical Approaches Reveal the Dynamics and Mechanics of Type I Viral Fusion Machinery and Their Interplay with Membranes
AU  - Benhaim, Mark A.
AU  - Lee, Kelly K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Protein-mediated membrane fusion is a highly regulated biological process essential for cellular and organismal functions and infection by enveloped viruses. During viral entry the membrane fusion reaction is catalyzed by specialized protein machinery on the viral surface. These viral fusion proteins undergo a series of dramatic structural changes during membrane fusion where they engage, remodel, and ultimately fuse with the host membrane. The structural and dynamic nature of these conformational changes and their impact on the membranes have long-eluded characterization. Recent advances in structural and biophysical methodologies have enabled researchers to directly observe viral fusion proteins as they carry out their functions during membrane fusion. Here we review the structure and function of type I viral fusion proteins and mechanisms of protein-mediated membrane fusion. We highlight how recent technological advances and new biophysical approaches are providing unprecedented new insight into the membrane fusion reaction.
JO  - Viruses 2020, Vol. 12, Page 413
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 12
IS  - 4
PG  - 413-413
SP  - 413
EP  - 413
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/V12040413
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Emergence of deadly severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 during 2019–2020
AU  - Islam, Arshi
AU  - Ahmed, Anwar
AU  - Naqvi, Irshad H.
AU  - Parveen, Shama
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Wuhan, the city in Hubei province in China is in the focus of global community due to the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), formerly known as 2019-nCoV. The virus emerged in humans from Wuhan seafood market probably via zoonotic transmission. Within a few days the virus spread its tentacles rapidly to neighboring cities in China and to different geographical regions through travelers and to some extent by human to human transmission leading to significant disease burden globally. More than 2,00,000 people (including more than 8000 deaths) have been infected with this respiratory illness across 167 countries and territories worldwide leading to a pandemic. The present review provides an outline about emergence and spread of SARS-CoV-2 from Wuhan, China in 2019–2020. We have also provided information about the classification, genome, proteins, clinical presentation of COVID-19, type of clinical specimens to be collected and diagnostic methods adopted to identify the respiratory illness. In addition we have also provided information about transmission dynamics, prevention measures and treatment options that are available at the present. Subsequently, we have given a comprehensive overview of the spread of this infection from China to the other parts of the globe. Management of the ongoing outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 encompassing surveillance, clinical, immunological, genetic and evolutionary investigations are likely to provide the desired results. Joint efforts of global scientific community are needed at this hour in terms of enhancement of research on development of accurate diagnostics, antiviral therapeutics and finally into formation of an effective vaccine against the emerging novel coronavirus.
JO  - VirusDisease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-9
SP  - 1
EP  - 9
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s13337-020-00575-1
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s13337-020-00575-1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Intrauterine vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2: what we know so far
AU  - Wang, Chen
AU  - Zhou, Yi-Hua
AU  - Yang, Hui-Xia
AU  - Poon, Liona C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/uog.22045
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - ISUOG Consensus Statement on rationalization of gynecological ultrasound services in context of SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Bourne, T.
AU  - Leonardi, M.
AU  - Kyriacou, C.
AU  - Al-Memar, M.
AU  - Landolfo, C.
AU  - Cibula, D.
AU  - Condous, G.
AU  - Metzger, U.
AU  - Fischerova, D.
AU  - Timmerman, D.
AU  - van den Bosch, T.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/uog.22047
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.22047
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - ISUOG Consensus Statement on rationalization of early-pregnancy care and provision of ultrasonography in context of SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Bourne, T.
AU  - Kyriacou, C.
AU  - Coomarasamy, A.
AU  - Al-Memar, M.
AU  - Leonardi, M.
AU  - Kirk, E.
AU  - Landolfo, C.
AU  - Blanchette-Porter, M.
AU  - Small, R.
AU  - Condous, G.
AU  - Timmerman, D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/uog.22046
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.22046
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Noncanonical Functions of Antibodies
AU  - Dimitrov, Jordan D.
AU  - Lacroix-Desmazes, Sébastien
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>The typical functions of antibodies are based on linking the process of antigen recognition with initiation of innate immune reactions. With the introduction of modern research technologies and the use of sophisticated model systems, recent years have witnessed the discovery of a number of noncanonical functions of antibodies. These functions encompass either untypical strategies for neutralization of pathogens or exertion of activities that are characteristic for other proteins (cytokines, chaperones, or enzymes). Here, we provide an overview of the noncanonical functions of antibodies and discuss their mechanisms and implications in immune regulation and defense. A better comprehension of these functions will enrich our knowledge of the adaptive immune response and shall inspire the development of novel therapeutics.</p>
JO  - Trends in Immunology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 0
IS  - 0
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.it.2020.03.006
UR  - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1471490620300442
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Let's conquer COVID-19 and sustain our abilities
AU  - Alexander, Marcalee
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Spinal cord series and cases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 6
IS  - 1
PG  - 19-19
SP  - 19
EP  - 19
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41394-020-0271-z
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Important Steps to Control COVID-19/SARS-CoV-2 Infection
AU  - Chatterjee, Sudipto
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Elderly patients are having high mortality rates from COVID-19/SARS-CoV-2 infection compared to younger patients. The SARS-CoV-2 virus uses the ACE2 receptor as the entry point to the host cells. ARBs/ACEIs which are widely used in elderly patients, have been found to be associated with overexpression of ACE2.To decrease the severity of COVID-19 infection, ARB/ACEI should be switched to another class drug not known to cause a rise in ACE2 until the COVID-19 infection subsides. Specific human immunoglobulin can be tried for COVID-19 patients with critical conditions under supervision.
JO  - SN Comprehensive Clinical Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s42399-020-00271-7
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s42399-020-00271-7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemiology of Coronavirus Disease Outbreak: The Italian Trends
AU  - Abenavoli, Ludovico
AU  - Cinaglia, Pietro
AU  - Luzza, Francesco
AU  - Gentile, Ivan
AU  - Boccuto, Luigi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Reviews on recent clinical trials
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2174/1574887115999200407143449
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Immune responses and pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 during an outbreak in Iran: Comparison with SARS and MERS
AU  - Rokni, Mohsen
AU  - Ghasemi, Vida
AU  - Tavakoli, Zahra
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Summary The beginning of 2020 has seen the emergence of COVID-19, an outbreak caused by a novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, an important pathogen for humans. There is an urgent need to better understand this new virus and to develop ways to control its spread. In Iran, the first case of the COVID-19 was reported after spread from China and other countries. Fever, cough, and fatigue were the most common symptoms of this virus. In worldwide, the incubation period of COVID-19 was 3 to 7?days and approximately 80% of infections are mild or asymptomatic, 15% are severe, requiring oxygen, and 5% are critical infections, requiring ventilation. To mount an antiviral response, the innate immune system recognizes molecular structures that are produced by the invasion of the virus. COVID-19 infection induces IgG antibodies against N protein that can be detected by serum as early as day 4 after the onset of disease and with most patients seroconverting by day 14. Laboratory evidence of clinical patients showed that a specific T-cell response against SARS-CoV-2 is important for the recognition and killing of infected cells, particularly in the lungs of infected individuals. At present, there is no specific antiviral therapy for COVID-19 and the main treatments are supportive. In this review, we investigated the innate and acquired immune responses in patients who recovered from COVID-19, which could inform the design of prophylactic vaccines and immunotherapy for the future.
JO  - Reviews in Medical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/rmv.2107
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/rmv.2107
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Letter from China
AU  - Guan, Wei-jie
AU  - Zhong, Nan-shan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Respirology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/resp.13817
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/resp.13817
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Response letter to COIVD-19 Disease: Tackling a pandemic in 21st Century
AU  - Qian, Guo-Qing
AU  - Ma, Ada Hoi Yan
AU  - Yang, Nai-Bin
AU  - Ruan, Lie-Min
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - QJM: An International Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/qjmed/hcaa118
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/qjmed/advance-article/doi/10.1093/qjmed/hcaa118/5817830
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Management of orthodontic emergencies during 2019-NCOV
AU  - Caprioglio, Alberto
AU  - Pizzetti, Giulia B.
AU  - Zecca, Piero Antonio
AU  - Fastuca, Rosamaria
AU  - Maino, Giuliano
AU  - Nanda, Ravindra
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Progress in orthodontics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 21
IS  - 1
PG  - 10-10
SP  - 10
EP  - 10
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s40510-020-00310-y
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mit Immanuel Kant in die zweite Welle der gegenwärtigen Pandemie
AU  - Weigl, Josef
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Die Wirkung der größten Einschränkung der Bewegungsfreiheit der deutschen Bürger seit Ende des Zweiten Weltkrieges und der Ölkrise 1973 als beabsichtigte Bremswirkung auf die 1. Welle der Pandemie wird soeben erwartet. Die Planungen zum weiteren Vorgehen für die kommenden Wochen und Monate müssen jetzt angestrengt werden. Unter Zuhilfenahme der Philosophie von Kant sollen die Überlegungen und Planungen geordnet werden. Die Modellierung der Forscher des Imperial College, London, lassen eine übermächtige 2. Welle für den Herbst/Winter 2020 erwarten, wenn die jetzigen Maßnahmen zu lange aufrechterhalten werden. Eine baldige Lockerung der Maßnahmen ist angezeigt, um eine fraktionierte Durchseuchung der Bevölkerung, ohne konsekutive Überlastung der Versorgungsstrukturen, allen voran der Verfügbarkeit von Beatmungsplätzen, noch vor der nächsten Influenzasaison 2020/2021 zu ermöglichen. Die Aussicht auf einen allenfalls marginal vor der Zulassung geprüften Impfstoff vor Beginn der 2. Welle, der dann höchstens für Menschen mit einem sowieso hohen Risiko bei SARS-CoV‑2 in Frage käme, sollte jetzt zu keinen Verzögerungen bei den auszudifferenzierenden, intermittierenden Lockerungen führen. Weitere, noch detailliertere und voneinander unabhängige Modellierungen auf der Basis deutscher Daten sind dringend notwendig. Ein über die Hierarchien hinweg heterogenes Gremium müsste darauf basierend die differentiellen Lockerungen diskutieren und in Anbetracht von erheblichen Restunsicherheiten beschließen.
JO  - Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-9
SP  - 1
EP  - 9
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11553-020-00783-z
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11553-020-00783-z
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: The Uninvited Guest in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) Implications for Pharmacotherapy
AU  - Stringer, Kathleen A.
AU  - Puskarich, Michael A.
AU  - Kenes, Michael T.
AU  - Dickson, Robert P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract As the number of cases of COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) rise in the United States (US), the number of severe cases (those requiring ICU admission) rise with it. Initially, the estimate for severe cases was approximated at 5% based on experience from China.1, 2 However, the World Health Organization?s (WHO) estimate from China for severe and critical cases is near 20% (Table).3 The primary clinical feature of COVID-19 is pneumonia, the severity of which directs the clinical course; it has been estimated that, of patients admitted to the ICU, up to half may require either invasive or non-invasive ventilatory support.4 This has created an unprecedented situation for emergency and critical care medicine.
JO  - Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/phar.2394
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/phar.2394
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Therapeutic Potential for Tetracyclines in the Treatment of COVID-19
AU  - Sodhi, Mohit
AU  - Etminan, Mahyar
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Currently there is a race against time to identify prophylactic and therapeutic treatments against COVID-19. Until these treatments are developed, tested and mass produced, it might be prudent to look into existing therapies that could be effective against this virus. Based on the available evidence we believe that tetracyclines may be effective agents in the treatment of COVID-19. Tetracyclines (e.g. tetracycline, doxycycline, and minocycline) are highly lipophilic antibiotics that are known to chelate zinc compounds on matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)1. Coronaviruses are also known to heavily rely on host MMPs for survival, cell infiltration, cell to cell adhesion, and replication, many of which have zinc as part of their MMP complex2,3. It is possible that the zinc chelating properties of tetracyclines may also aid in inhibiting COVID-19 infection in humans limiting their ability to replicate within the host.
JO  - Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/phar.2395
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/phar.2395
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: Important Therapy Considerations and Approaches in this Hour of Need
AU  - Lodise, Thomas P.
AU  - Rybak, Michael J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract We are living in unprecedented times. While we had near pandemic events in the recent past with SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) and MERS (Middle East respiratory syndrome), we have never experienced anything like coronavirus (COVID-19), also known as SARS-CoV-2 infection, since the Spanish flu. In contrast to the Spanish flu where medical care was limited, we are equipped to combat COVID-19 but there is considerable work ahead with many uncertainties. At this critical time, we must come together as one united country and world to stop the spread and provide the best care possible for individuals who contract the virus and develop infection. A number of novel and repurposed therapies agents with activity against SARS-CoV-2 have been identified and most institutions have developed clinical pathways to operationalize their use in appropriate COVID-19 patients.1-3 However, optimal drug therapy decisions for those with moderate to severe COVID-19 infections are extremely challenging at this time as evidence is limited.
JO  - Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/phar.2396
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/phar.2396
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Considerations for statin therapy in patients with COVID-19
AU  - Dashti-Khavidaki, Simin
AU  - Khalili, Hossein
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Current coronavirus pandemic named coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). SARS-CoV-2 is the third coronavirus outbreak during the current century after severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronaviruses.1 Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is an immunopathologic event and main cause of death following COVID-19. The main mechanism of ARDS is uncontrolled systemic inflammatory response and cytokine storm following release of proinflammatory cytokines (such as interferons (IFN), interleukines (IL), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α) and chemokines.2-3 So, some Chinese researchers proposed or used anti-inflammatory agents in the treatment regimen of patients with COVID-19.3-4
JO  - Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/phar.2397
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/phar.2397
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Special considerations for the management of COVID-19 pediatric patients in the operating room and pediatric intensive care unit in a tertiary hospital in Singapore
AU  - Thampi, Swapna
AU  - Yap, Andrea
AU  - Lijia, Fan
AU  - Ong, Jacqueline
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 was first identified in Wuhan, China and is caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV 2. It has now spread rapidly to over 190 countries and territories around the world and has been declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization. The virus is spread through droplet transmission and currently has a mortality rate of over 4% globally. The pediatric population has been found to be less susceptible to the disease with the majority of children having milder symptoms and only one pediatric death being reported globally so far. Despite this, strategies need to be put in place to prevent further spread of the virus. We present a summary of the general measures implemented at a large adult and pediatric tertiary hospital in Singapore (National University Hospital) as well as the specific strategies in place for the operating room and pediatric intensive care unit.
JO  - Paediatric anaesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/pan.13863
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coagulopathy and Antiphospholipid Antibodies in Patients with Covid-19
AU  - Zhang, Yan
AU  - Xiao, Meng
AU  - Zhang, Shulan
AU  - Xia, Peng
AU  - Cao, Wei
AU  - Jiang, Wei
AU  - Chen, Huan
AU  - Ding, Xin
AU  - Zhao, Hua
AU  - Zhang, Hongmin
AU  - Wang, Chunyao
AU  - Zhao, Jing
AU  - Sun, Xuefeng
AU  - Tian, Ran
AU  - Wu, Wei
AU  - Wu, Dong
AU  - Ma, Jie
AU  - Chen, Yu
AU  - Zhang, Dong
AU  - Xie, Jing
AU  - Yan, Xiaowei
AU  - Zhou, Xiang
AU  - Liu, Zhengyin
AU  - Wang, Jinglan
AU  - Du, Bin
AU  - Qin, Yan
AU  - Gao, Peng
AU  - Qin, Xuzhen
AU  - Xu, Yingchun
AU  - Zhang, Wen
AU  - Li, Taisheng
AU  - Zhang, Fengchun
AU  - Zhao, Yongqiang
AU  - Li, Yongzhe
AU  - Zhang, Shuyang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coagulopathy in Critical Illness with Covid-19 The authors describe a 69-year-old man with Covid-19 diagnosed in January 2020 in Wuhan, China, along with two other critically ill patients with Covi...
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - NEJMc2007575-NEJMc2007575
SP  - NEJMc2007575
EP  - NEJMc2007575
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMc2007575
UR  - http://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMc2007575
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Audio Interview: Emerging Tools in the Fight against Covid-19
AU  - Rubin, Eric J.
AU  - Baden, Lindsey R.
AU  - Morrissey, Stephen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Emerging Tools in the Fight against Covid-19 In this audio interview conducted on April 8, 2020, the editors discuss preventive and therapeutic tools we can hope to see in the weeks ahead, as well ...
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 382
IS  - 15
PG  - e39-e39
SP  - e39
EP  - e39
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMe2009651
UR  - http://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMe2009651
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Acute stroke management pathway during Coronavirus-19 pandemic
AU  - Baracchini, Claudio
AU  - Pieroni, Alessio
AU  - Viaro, Federica
AU  - Cianci, Vito
AU  - Cattelan, Anna M.
AU  - Tiberio, Ivo
AU  - Munari, Marina
AU  - Causin, Francesco
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic which in our region, Veneto (Italy), dates back to February, we were confronted with several challenges, but with a constant aim of keeping our Stroke Unit COVID-free. For this reason, in addition to creating a dedicated hot-spot as a pre-triage just outside the Emergency Department, together with the Neuroradiology Unit we obtained a mobile CT unit that could be used by COVID-positive or COVID-suspected patients. Furthermore, thanks to the collaboration with colleagues from different specialties (Infectious Disease, Internal Medicine, Intensive Care, Emergency Medicine), dedicated areas for COVID patients were activated. This led to a substantial change of our acute stoke management pathway. As the number of COVID patients increased, and the WHO declared a state of pandemic, this new stroke pathway has been fully tested. We would like to share our experience and send a clear message to keep a high attention on stroke as an emergency condition, because we have observed a decreased number of patients with minor strokes and TIAs, longer onset-to-door and door-to-treatment times for major strokes, and a reduced number of transfers from spokes. We strongly believe that the general population and family doctors are rightly focused on COVID. However, to remain at home with stroke symptoms does not mean to “stay safe at home”.
JO  - Neurological Sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s10072-020-04375-9
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10072-020-04375-9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and cancer: what we know so far
AU  - Sidaway, Peter
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature reviews. Clinical oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41571-020-0366-2
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 detection in patients with influenza-like illness
AU  - Kong, Wen-Hua
AU  - Li, Yao
AU  - Peng, Ming-Wei
AU  - Kong, De-Guang
AU  - Yang, Xiao-Bing
AU  - Wang, Leyi
AU  - Liu, Man-Qing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was first reported in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China in late December 2019. We re-analysed 640 throat swabs collected from patients in Wuhan with influenza-like-illness from 6 October 2019 to 21 January 2020 and found that 9 of the 640 throat swabs were positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA by quantitative PCR, suggesting community transmission of SARS-CoV2 in Wuhan in early January 2020.
JO  - Nature microbiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41564-020-0713-1
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The pandemic in pictures: how coronavirus is changing the world
AU  - Stoye, Emma
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-01048-7
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Corticosteroid treatment of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
AU  - Zha, Lei
AU  - Li, Shirong
AU  - Pan, Lingling
AU  - Tefsen, Boris
AU  - Li, Yeshan
AU  - French, Neil
AU  - Chen, Liyun
AU  - Yang, Gang
AU  - Villanueva, Elmer V.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVES: To assess the efficacy of corticosteroid treatment of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). DESIGN, SETTING: Observational study in the two COVID-19-designated hospitals in Wuhu, Anhui province, China, 24 January - 24 February 2020. PARTICIPANTS: Thirty-one patients infected with the severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) treated at the two designated hospitals. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Virus clearance time, length of hospital stay, and duration of symptoms, by treatment type (including or not including corticosteroid therapy). RESULTS: Eleven of 31 patients with COVID-19 received corticosteroid treatment. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis indicated no association between corticosteroid treatment and virus clearance time (hazard ratio [HR], 1.26; 95% CI, 0.58-2.74), hospital length of stay (HR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.33-1.78), or duration of symptoms (HR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.40-1.83). Univariate analysis indicated that virus clearance was slower in two patients with chronic hepatitis B infections (mean difference, 10.6 days; 95% CI, 6.2-15.1 days). CONCLUSIONS: Corticosteroids are widely used when treating patients with COVID-19, but we found no association between therapy and outcomes in patients without acute respiratory distress syndrome. An existing HBV infection may delay SARS-CoV-2 clearance, and this association should be further investigated.
JO  - The Medical journal of Australia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.5694/mja2.50577
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 precautions: easier said than done when patients are homeless
AU  - Wood, Lisa J.
AU  - Davies, Andrew P.
AU  - Khan, Zana
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Medical journal of Australia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.5694/mja2.50571
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Providing Health Care to Patients with Hearing Loss during COVID-19 and Physical Distancing
AU  - West, Jessica S.
AU  - Franck, Kevin H.
AU  - Welling, D. Bradley
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/lio2.382
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/lio2.382
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Respiratory health in athletes: facing the COVID-19 challenge
AU  - Hull, James H.
AU  - Loosemore, Mike
AU  - Schwellnus, Martin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Respiratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30175-2
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30175-2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Alcohol use and misuse during the COVID-19 pandemic: a potential public health crisis?
AU  - Clay, James M.
AU  - Parker, Matthew O.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30088-8
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30088-8
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recommendations from national regulatory agencies for ongoing cancer trials during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - de Paula, Bruno H. R.
AU  - Araújo, Indiara
AU  - Bandeira, Lívia
AU  - Barreto, Nathália M. P. B.
AU  - Doherty, Gary J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30226-6
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30226-6
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Tuberculosis and HIV responses threatened by COVID-19
AU  - Adepoju, Paul
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet HIV
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2352-3018(20)30109-0
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-3018(20)30109-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pandemic school closures: risks and opportunities
AU  - Health, The Lancet Child
AU  - amp
AU  - Adolescent
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2352-4642(20)30105-X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-4642(20)30105-X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Beware of the second wave of COVID-19
AU  - Xu, Shunqing
AU  - Li, Yuanyuan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30845-X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30845-X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Localising an asset-based COVID-19 response in Ecuador
AU  - Torres, Irene
AU  - Sacoto, Fernando
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30851-5
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30851-5
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - First-wave COVID-19 transmissibility and severity in China outside Hubei after control measures, and second-wave scenario planning: a modelling impact assessment
AU  - Leung, Kathy
AU  - Wu, Joseph T.
AU  - Liu, Di
AU  - Leung, Gabriel M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BackgroundAs of March 18, 2020, 13?415 confirmed cases and 120 deaths related to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in mainland China, outside Hubei province?the epicentre of the outbreak?had been reported. Since late January, massive public health interventions have been implemented nationwide to contain the outbreak. We provide an impact assessment of the transmissibility and severity of COVID-19 during the first wave in mainland Chinese locations outside Hubei.
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30746-7
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30746-7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - International expansion of a novel SARS-CoV-2 mutant
AU  - Wang, Minjin
AU  - Li, Mengjiao
AU  - Ren, Ruotong
AU  - Li, Lifeng
AU  - Chen, En-Qiang
AU  - Li, Weimin
AU  - Ying, Binwu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>RNA viruses such as coronavirus are rapidly evolving pathogens that can accumulate considerable genetic diversity in relatively short time periods.…</p>
JO  - Journal of Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1128/JVI.00567-20
UR  - http://jvi.asm.org/lookup/doi/10.1128/JVI.00567-20
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: What Should Interventional Radiologists Know and What Can They Do?
AU  - Zhu, Hai-Dong
AU  - Zeng, Chu-Hui
AU  - Lu, Jian
AU  - Teng, Gao-Jun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in late December 2019 in Wuhan, China, has been characterized as a “pandemic” by the World Health Organization and has resulted in 81,603 confirmed cases in China, among the 334,981 cases confirmed in 189 countries as of 09:00 am, March 24, 2020 (China central standard time). During the past 3 months, hundreds of thousands of Chinese health care workers, including interventional radiologists (IRs), have been fighting this battle against the horrifying COVID-19 disease. As IRs, what should we know and what can we do when facing this challenge? This paper shares the experience we have gone through.
JO  - Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvir.2020.03.022
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1051044320303365
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preparing IR for COVID-19: The Singapore Experience
AU  - Gogna, Apoorva
AU  - Punamiya, Sundeep
AU  - Gopinathan, Anil
AU  - Irani, Farah
AU  - Toh, Luke Han Wei
AU  - Wen, Lawrence Cheong Hsueh
AU  - Babu, Suresh
AU  - Wee, Bernard
AU  - Goh, Peter
AU  - Peng, Tan Bien
AU  - Damodharan, Karthikeyan
AU  - Venkatanarasimha, Nanda
AU  - Min, Shaun Chan Ju
AU  - Chandramohan, Sivanathan
AU  - Wei, Too Chow
AU  - Chung, Raymond
AU  - Jin, Ong Shao
AU  - Tan, Andrew
AU  - Soo, Tan Bien
AU  - Hiong, Tay Kiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This paper describes country-wide special measures undertaken for interventional radiology (IR) staff during the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Although each IR service around the world faces unique challenges, the principles outlined in this paper will be useful when designing or strengthening individual practices and integrating them within wider hospital and national measures. Moving beyond the current outbreak, these measures will be useful for any future infectious diseases which are likely to arise.
JO  - Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvir.2020.03.021
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1051044320303353
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 pandemic: stop panic abandonment of household pets
AU  - Huang, Qiao
AU  - Zhan, Xiang
AU  - Zeng, Xian-Tao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>Panic abandonment of household pets during the COVID-19 pandemic is not justified.</p>
JO  - Journal of Travel Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/jtm/taaa046
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/jtm/advance-article/doi/10.1093/jtm/taaa046/5817957
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Spread of Novel Coronavirus by Returning Pilgrims from Iran to Pakistan
AU  - Badshah, Syed Lal
AU  - Ullah, Asad
AU  - Badshah, Syed Hilal
AU  - Ahmad, Irshad
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Travel Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/jtm/taaa044
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/jtm/advance-article/doi/10.1093/jtm/taaa044/5817958
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Tissue Plasminogen Activator (tPA) Treatment for COVID-19 Associated Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS): A Case Series
AU  - Wang, Janice
AU  - Hajizadeh, Negin
AU  - Moore, Ernest E.
AU  - McIntyre, Robert C.
AU  - Moore, Peter K.
AU  - Veress, Livia A.
AU  - Yaffe, Michael B.
AU  - Moore, Hunter B.
AU  - Barrett, Christopher D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract A hallmark of severe COVID-19 is coagulopathy, with 71.4% of patients who die of COVID-19 meeting ISTH criteria for disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) while only 0.6% of patients who survive meet these criteria (1). Additionally, it has become clear that this is not a bleeding diathesis but rather a predominantly pro-thrombotic DIC with high venous thromboembolism rates, elevated D-dimer levels, high fibrinogen levels in concert with low anti-thrombin levels, and pulmonary congestion with microvascular thrombosis and occlusion on pathology in addition to mounting experience with high rates of central line thrombosis and vascular occlusive events (e.g. ischemic limbs, strokes, etc.) observed by those who care for critically ill COVID-19 patients (1-7). There is evidence in both animals and humans that fibrinolytic therapy in Acute Lung Injury and ARDS improves survival, which also points to fibrin deposition in the pulmonary microvasculature as a contributory cause of ARDS and would be expected to be seen in patients with ARDS and concomitant diagnoses of DIC on their laboratory values such as what is observed in more than 70% of those who die of COVID-19 (8-10).
JO  - Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jth.14828
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jth.14828
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Rapid Design and Implementation of an Integrated Patient Self-Triage and Self-Scheduling Tool for COVID-19
AU  - Judson, Timothy J.
AU  - Odisho, Anobel Y.
AU  - Neinstein, Aaron B.
AU  - Chao, Jessica
AU  - Williams, Aimee
AU  - Miller, Christopher
AU  - Moriarty, Tim
AU  - Gleason, Nathaniel
AU  - Intinarelli, Gina
AU  - Gonzales, Ralph
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/jamia/ocaa051
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/jamia/advance-article/doi/10.1093/jamia/ocaa051/5817825
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - American Geriatrics Society (AGS) Policy Brief: COVID-19 and Nursing Homes
AU  - Trucil, Daniel
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract This policy brief sets forth American Geriatrics Society (AGS) recommendations to guide federal, state, and local governments when making decisions about care for patients with COVID-19 in nursing homes (NHs) and other long-term care facilities (LTCFs). The AGS continues to review guidance set forth in peer-reviewed articles and editorials, as well as ongoing and updated guidance from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and other key agencies. This brief is based on the situation and any federal guidance/actions as of April 4, 2020. It is focused on NHs and other LTCFs, given their essential role in addressing the COVID-19 pandemic. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jgs.16477
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.16477
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - On Isolation: Gowns and Glass
AU  - Leung, Krystle M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jgs.16463
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.16463
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - CHINA'S OLDEST CORONAVIRUS SURVIVORS
AU  - Huang, Yan-Mei
AU  - Hong, Xue-Zhi
AU  - Shen, Jian
AU  - Huang, Yi
AU  - Zhao, Hai-Lu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) represents a global human pandemic. As of March 16, 2020, 167,515 cases were reported in 151 countries and regions. The death toll worldwide has reached 6,606, far exceeding the fatalities of two other coronavirus diseases—severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)—combined.1 Clinical studies consistently show that critical conditions and deaths associated with COVID‐19 occurred particularly in older adults, especially those with chronic multimorbidity.2, 3 Extraordinarily, five older patients aged 98 years and over were discharged from hospitals, four of whom were in Wuhan—the epicenter of the global outbreak. Here we present their successful stories to inspire medical staff, patients, and the public. The first case was the oldest so far reported. A 103‐year‐old woman who had a confirmed positive nucleic acid test result for COVID‐19 on March 1 was admitted to the Li‐Yuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology.4 She was bedridden with preexisting Alzheimer's disease and other comorbidities. Ward physicians and nurses tried hard to communicate with her accurately. Computed tomography (CT) imaging proved pleural effusion. Her condition was severe at admission yet improved with nurses' care and supportive treatments. She became nucleic acid negative on March 6 and returned home two days later. The second patient was a 98‐year‐old woman who presented with constant fever (>38.5°C) and fatigue on February 3.5 She lived with her 79‐year‐old daughter, and her 49‐year‐old granddaughter, who lived elsewhere, joined them for the Chinese Spring Festival. The three women showed COVID‐19 pneumonia as confirmed by CT scan and nucleic acid tests. They were admitted to the Wuhan First Hospital and shared a ward on February 13. After 10 more days of supportive therapies and individualized nutritional supplementation, the 98‐year‐old woman, together with her daughter and granddaughter, was confirmed to be COVID‐19‐free and was thus released the same day on March 3. The third case was also a 98‐year‐old woman who had a high body temperature > 40°C in early February.5 Considering her critically ill condition, she and her 55‐year‐old daughter, who also had the virus, were transferred to an intensive care unit in a makeshift hospital on the evening of February 13; they were discharged on March 1. The major treatments included anti‐infection medication, intensive nursing care, and nutritional supplementation. Despite her heart failure, she was joyfully all cleared from the severe lung infection. The fourth case who recovered from the coronavirus infection was a 98‐year‐old bishop.6 The pastor was diagnosed with COVID‐19 pneumonia on February 3 and treated at the Central Hospital in Nanyang, Henan province, which shares its border with Hubei, the province at the heart of the epidemic. He has tested negative since February 12 and was discharged two days later. In addition to the viral infection, the bishop had comorbidities such as arrhythmia and pleural effusions. He was treated with a thoracic drainage catheter and his recovery was exceptional. The last infected patient was a 101‐year‐old man who spent a week in the Wuhan Third Hospital.7 He became unwell in February and was immediately hospitalized after being diagnosed with the viral infection. His doctor claimed that the determined pensioner had concentrated on getting better soon so he could go home and take care of his 92‐year‐old wife. During hospitalization, the 101‐year‐old gentleman insisted on taking care of himself and was always the first to get up early for a morning walk. He clearly knew that “It is no bother and I can just do it.” Thanks to the significant commitment, hard work, and intensive care from the frontline medical staff and the Chinese government, these five oldest patients clearly show that age is definitely not a barrier to recovering from the nfection. These successful stories are indeed a joy to the world: Joy can be “infectious” and “pandemic” too.
JO  - Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jgs.16462
UR  - http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/jgs.16462
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - An Unexpected Revelation from COVID-19 Pneumonia
AU  - Koo, Chieh Yang
AU  - Chan, Pofun
AU  - Ong, Heng Ann
AU  - Kojodjojo, Pipin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians Open
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/emp2.12076
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/emp2.12076
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How COVID-19 Disrupts—and Enhances—My Clinical Work
AU  - Chou, Calvin L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Patient Experience
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 2374373520918739-2374373520918739
SP  - 2374373520918739
EP  - 2374373520918739
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/2374373520918739
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1177/2374373520918739
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Reply to Comments on 'Co-infection of SARS-CoV-2 and HIV in a patient in Wuhan city, China'
AU  - Zhu, Feng
AU  - Cao, Yang
AU  - Xu, Shuyun
AU  - Zhou, Min
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronovirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronovirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has been ranging in China throughout the world now. The World Health Organiztion declared the COVID-19 crisis a global pandemic. The previous our case of co-infection of SARS-CoV-2 and HIV has raised the interests of the HIV research community(1) . This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25838
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mask is the possible key for self-isolation in COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Zhou, Zhi-Guo
AU  - Yue, Dong-Sheng
AU  - Mu, Chen-Lu
AU  - Zhang, Lei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Ma's research shows N95 masks, medical masks, even homemade masks could block at least 90% of the virus in aerosols(1) . This study puts the debate on whether the public wear masks back on the table. Recently Science interviewed Dr. Gao, director-general of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25846
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Analyzing Situational Awareness through Public Opinion to Predict Adoption of Social Distancing Amid Pandemic COVID-19
AU  - Qazi, Atika
AU  - Qazi, Javaria
AU  - Naseer, Khulla
AU  - Zeeshan, Muhammad
AU  - Hardaker, Glenn
AU  - Maitama, Jaafar Zubairu
AU  - Haruna, Khalid
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 pandemic has affected over 100 countries in a matter of weeks. People's response towards social distancing in the emerging pandemic is uncertain. In this study, we evaluated the influence of information (formal and informal) sources on situational awareness of the public for adopting health-protective behaviors such as social distancing. For this purpose, a questionnaire-based survey was conducted. The hypothesis proposed suggests that adoption of social distancing practices is an outcome of situational awareness which is achieved by the information sources. Results suggest that information sources formal (p=0.001) and informal (p=0.007) were found to be significantly related to perceived understanding. Findings also indicate that social distancing is significantly influenced by situational awareness p=0.000. It can, therefore, be concluded that increase situational awareness in times of public health crisis using formal information sources can significantly increase the adoption of protective health behavior and in turn contain the spread of infectious diseases. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25840
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Patterns of heart Injury in COVID - 19 and relation to outcome
AU  - Mishra, Ajay Kumar
AU  - Sahu, Kamal Kant
AU  - Lal, Amos
AU  - Sargent, Jennifer
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We read with much interest the article "Analysis of heart injury laboratory parameters in 273 COVID-19 patients in one hospital in Wuhan, China" by Han et al as published in March 2020. In this retrospective, single center study authors have discussed the role of acute cardiovascular injury marker including CK-MB, Myoglobulin, cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and NT- proBNP on the outcome of 273 patients with COVID-19 disease. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25847
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Reporting of all cardiac medications and their outcome in COVID - 19
AU  - Mishra, Ajay Kumar
AU  - Sahu, Kamal Kant
AU  - Lal, Amos
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We read with much interest the article "Organ- protective effect of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 and its Effect on the prognosis of COVID -19" by Cheng et al in your esteemed Journal. Authors have discussed the theoretical basis of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 in improving outcome of COVID - 19 patients(1) . This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25843
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Comment on "Organ-protective Effect of Angiotensin-converting Enzyme 2 and its Effect on the Prognosis of COVID-19"
AU  - Cure, Erkan
AU  - Cumhur Cure, Medine
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We read with great interest the article by Cheng H et al. The authors mentioned that angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is protective against novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We would like to explain how cytosolic pH increases the COVID-19 infection by affecting the ACE2. In addition, we would like to mention that amiloride, which increases the cytosolic pH, can be used in the COVID-19 treatment. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25848
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - An SIS model for the epidemic dynamics with two phases of the human day-to-day activity
AU  - Seno, Hiromi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - An SIS model is analyzed to consider the contribution of community structure to the risk of the spread of a transmissible disease. We focus on the human day-to-day activity introduced by commuting to a central place for the social activity. We assume that the community is classified into two subpopulations: commuter and non-commuter, of which the commuter has two phases of the day-to-day activity: private and social. Further we take account of the combination of contact patterns in two phases, making use of mass-action and ratio-dependent types for the infection force. We investigate the dependence of the basic reproduction number on the commuter ratio and the daily expected duration at the social phase as essential factors characterizing the community structure, and show that the dependence is significantly affected by the combination of contact patterns, and that the difference in the commuter ratio could make the risk of the spread of a transmissible disease significantly different.
JO  - Journal of Mathematical Biology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-32
SP  - 1
EP  - 32
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00285-020-01491-0
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00285-020-01491-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Public Health and Ethics Intersect at New Levels With Gerontological Nursing in COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Young, Heather M.
AU  - Fick, Donna M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of gerontological nursing
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3928/00989134-20200403-01
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Digestive system involvement of novel coronavirus infection: prevention and control infection from a gastroenterology perspective
AU  - Li, Lian Yong
AU  - Wu, Wei
AU  - Chen, Sheng
AU  - Gu, Jian Wen
AU  - Li, Xin Lou
AU  - Song, Hai Jing
AU  - Du, Feng
AU  - Wang, Gang
AU  - Zhong, Chang Qing
AU  - Wang, Xiao Ying
AU  - Chen, Yan
AU  - Shah, Rushikesh
AU  - Yang, He Ming
AU  - Cai, Qiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - An epidemic of an acute respiratory syndrome caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Wuhan, China, now known as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), beginning in December 2019 has attracted an intense amount of attention worldwide. As the natural history and variety of clinical presentations of this disease unfolds, the extrapulmonary symptoms of the disease have emerged, especially the symptoms related to the digestive system. While the respiratory mode of transmission is well-known and likely the principal mode of transmission of this disease, the possibility of the fecal-oral route of transmission has also emerged in various case series and clinical scenario. In this review article, we summarized the published literatures to date concerning four different aspects: (a) gastrointestinal manifestations of COVID-19 infection; (b) microbiologic and virological investigations; (c) the role of fecal-oral transmission; and (d) prevention/control infection in the digestive endoscopy room. A timely understanding of the relationship between the disease and the digestive system and implementing effective preventive measures are of great significance for a favorable outcome of the disease and can help mitigate further transmission by appropriate measures. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of digestive diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/1751-2980.12862
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SECURE-Psoriasis: A de-identified registry of psoriasis patients diagnosed with COVID-19
AU  - Balogh, Esther A.
AU  - Heron, Courtney
AU  - Feldman, Steven R.
AU  - Huang, William W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of dermatological treatment
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/09546634.2020.1753996
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Comparative Performance of SARS-CoV-2 Detection Assays using Seven Different Primer/Probe Sets and One Assay Kit
AU  - Nalla, Arun K.
AU  - Casto, Amanda M.
AU  - Huang, Meei-Li W.
AU  - Perchetti, Garrett A.
AU  - Sampoleo, Reigran
AU  - Shrestha, Lasata
AU  - Wei, Yulun
AU  - Zhu, Haiying
AU  - Jerome, Keith R.
AU  - Greninger, Alexander L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p> Nearly 400,000 people worldwide are known to have been infected with SARS-CoV-2 beginning in December 2019. The virus has now spread to over 168 countries including the United States, where the first cluster of cases was observed in the Seattle metropolitan area in Washington. Given the rapid increase in the number of cases in many localities, the availability of accurate, high-throughput SARS-CoV-2 testing is vital to efforts to manage the current public health crisis. In the course of optimizing SARS-CoV-2 testing performed by the University of Washington Clinical Virology Lab (UW Virology Lab), we evaluated assays using seven different primer/probe sets and one assay kit. We found that the most sensitive assays were those that used the E-gene primer/probe set described by Corman et al. (Eurosurveillance 25 (3), 2020, <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" href="https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.3.2000045">https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.3.2000045</ext-link> ) and the N2 set developed by the CDC (Division of Viral Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2020, <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" href="https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/downloads/rt-pcr-panel-primer-probes.pdf">https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/downloads/rt-pcr-panel-primer-probes.pdf</ext-link> ). All assays tested were found to be highly specific for SARS-CoV-2, with no cross-reactivity with other respiratory viruses observed in our analyses regardless of the primer/probe set or kit used. These results will provide valuable information to other clinical laboratories who are actively developing SARS-CoV-2 testing protocols at a time when increased testing capacity is urgently needed worldwide. </p>
JO  - Journal of Clinical Microbiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1128/JCM.00557-20
UR  - http://jcm.asm.org/lookup/doi/10.1128/JCM.00557-20
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Opinions from the epicenter: an online survey of university students in Wuhan amidst the COVID-19 outbreak1
AU  - Yang, Huan
AU  - Bin, Peng
AU  - He, Alex Jingwei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Chinese Governance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-15
SP  - 1
EP  - 15
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/23812346.2020.1745411
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/23812346.2020.1745411
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - In-silico homology assisted identification of inhibitor of RNA binding against 2019-nCoV N-protein (N terminal domain)
AU  - Sarma, Phulen
AU  - Sekhar, Nishant
AU  - Prajapat, Manisha
AU  - Avti, Pramod
AU  - Kaur, Hardeep
AU  - Kumar, Subodh
AU  - Singh, Sanjay
AU  - Kumar, Harish
AU  - Prakash, Ajay
AU  - Dhibar, Deba Prasad
AU  - Medhi, Bikash
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The N terminal domain (NTD) of Nucleocapsid protein (N protein) of coronavirus (CoV) binds to the viral (+) sense RNA and results in CoV ribonucleoprotien (CoV RNP) complex, essential for the virus replication. In this study, the RNA-binding N terminal domain (NTD) of the N protein was targeted for the identification of possible inhibitors of RNA binding. Two NTD structures of N proteins were selected (2OFZ and 1SSK, 92% homology) for virtual screening of 56,079 compounds from Asinex and Maybridge library to identify top 15 hits for each of the targets based on "docking score". These top-hits were further screened for MM-GBSA binding free energy, pharmacokinetic properties (QikProp) and drug-likeness (SwissADME) and subjected to molecular dynamics (MD) studies. Two suitable binders (ZINC00003118440 and ZINC0000146942) against the target 2OFZ were identified. ZINC00003118440 is a theophylline derivative under the drug class 'bronchodilEtors' and further screening with approved bronchodilators was also studied to identify their ability to bind to the RNA binding region on the N protein. The other identified top hit is ZINC0000146942, which is a 3,4dihydropyrimidone class molecule. Hence this study suggests two important class of compounds, theophylline and pyrimidone derivaties as possible inhibitors of RNA binding to the N terminal domain of N protein of coronavirus, thus opening new avenues for in vitro validations.
JO  - Journal of biomolecular structure & dynamics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-11
SP  - 1
EP  - 11
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/07391102.2020.1753580
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Targeting SARS-CoV-2: A Systematic Drug Repurposing Approach to Identify Promising Inhibitors Against 3C-like Proteinase and 2'-O-RiboseMethyltransferase
AU  - Khan, Rameez Jabeer
AU  - Jha, Rajat Kumar
AU  - Amera, GizachewMuluneh
AU  - Jain, Monika
AU  - Singh, Ekampreet
AU  - Pathak, Amita
AU  - Singh, Rashmi Prabha
AU  - Muthukumaran, Jayaraman
AU  - Singh, Amit Kumar
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The recent pandemic associated with SARS-CoV-2, a virus of the Coronaviridae family, has resulted in an unprecedented number of infected people. The highly contagious nature of this virus makes it imperative for us to identify promising inhibitors from pre-existing antiviral drugs. Two druggable targets, namely 3C-like proteinase (3CLpro) and 2'-O-ribose methyltransferase (2'-O-MTase) were selected in this study due to their indispensable nature in the viral life cycle. 3CLpro is a cysteine protease responsible for the proteolysis of replicase polyproteins resulting in the formation of various functional proteins, whereas 2'-O-MTase methylates the ribose 2'-O position of the first and second nucleotide of viral mRNA, which sequesters it from the host immune system. The selected drug target proteins were screened against an in-house library of 123 antiviral drugs. Two promising drug molecules were identified for each protein based on their estimated free energy of binding (ΔG), the orientation of drug molecules in the active site and the interacting residues. The selected protein-drug complexes were then subjected to MD simulation, which consists of various structural parameters to equivalently reflect their physiological state. From the virtual screening results, two drug molecules were selected for each drug target protein [Paritaprevir (ΔG= -9.8 kcal/mol) &Raltegravir (ΔG= -7.8 kcal/mol) for 3CLpro and Dolutegravir (ΔG= -9.4 kcal/mol) and Bictegravir (ΔG= -8.4 kcal/mol) for 2'-OMTase]. After the extensive computational analysis, we proposed that Raltegravir, Paritaprevir, Bictegravir and Dolutegravir are excellent lead candidates for these crucial proteins and they could become potential therapeutic drugs against SARS-CoV-2.
JO  - Journal of biomolecular structure & dynamics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-40
SP  - 1
EP  - 40
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/07391102.2020.1753577
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Sudden and Complete Olfactory Loss Function as a Possible Symptom of COVID-19
AU  - Eliezer, Michael
AU  - Hautefort, Charlotte
AU  - Hamel, Anne-Laure
AU  - Verillaud, Benjamin
AU  - Herman, Philippe
AU  - Houdart, Emmanuel
AU  - Eloit, Corinne
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jamaoto.2020.0832
UR  - https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaotolaryngology/fullarticle/2764417
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - End-stage Heart Failure with COVID-19: Strong Evidence of Myocardial Injury by 2019-nCoV
AU  - Dong, Nianguo
AU  - Cai, Jie
AU  - Zhou, Ying
AU  - Liu, Junwei
AU  - Li, Fei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JACC. Heart failure
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jchf.2020.04.001
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Development of a Novel, Genome Subtraction-Derived, SARS-CoV-2-Specific COVID-19-nsp2 Real-Time RT-PCR Assay and Its Evaluation Using Clinical Specimens
AU  - Yip, Cyril Chik-Yan
AU  - Ho, Chi-Chun
AU  - Chan, Jasper Fuk-Woo
AU  - To, Kelvin Kai-Wang
AU  - Chan, Helen Shuk-Ying
AU  - Wong, Sally Cheuk-Ying
AU  - Leung, Kit-Hang
AU  - Fung, Agnes Yim-Fong
AU  - Ng, Anthony Chin-Ki
AU  - Zou, Zijiao
AU  - Tam, Anthony Raymond
AU  - Chung, Tom Wai-Hin
AU  - Chan, Kwok-Hung
AU  - Hung, Ivan Fan-Ngai
AU  - Cheng, Vincent Chi-Chung
AU  - Tsang, Owen Tak-Yin
AU  - Tsui, Stephen Kwok Wing
AU  - Yuen, Kwok-Yung
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The pandemic novel coronavirus infection, Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), has affected at least 190 countries or territories, with 465,915 confirmed cases and 21,031 deaths. In a containment-based strategy, rapid, sensitive and specific testing is important in epidemiological control and clinical management. Using 96 SARS-CoV-2 and 104 non-SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus genomes and our in-house program, GolayMetaMiner, four specific regions longer than 50 nucleotides in the SARS-CoV-2 genome were identified. Primers were designed to target the longest and previously untargeted nsp2 region and optimized as a probe-free real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay. The new COVID-19-nsp2 assay had a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.8 TCID50/mL and did not amplify other human-pathogenic coronaviruses and respiratory viruses. Assay reproducibility in terms of cycle threshold (Cp) values was satisfactory, with the total imprecision (% CV) values well below 5%. Evaluation of the new assay using 59 clinical specimens from 14 confirmed cases showed 100% concordance with our previously developed COVID-19-RdRp/Hel reference assay. A rapid, sensitive, SARS-CoV-2-specific real-time RT-PCR assay, COVID-19-nsp2, was developed.
JO  - International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2020, Vol. 21, Page 2574
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 21
IS  - 7
PG  - 2574-2574
SP  - 2574
EP  - 2574
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/IJMS21072574
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Spatio-Temporal Patterns of the 2019-nCoV Epidemic at the County Level in Hubei Province, China
AU  - Yang, Wentao
AU  - Deng, Min
AU  - Li, Chaokui
AU  - Huang, Jincai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Understanding the spatio-temporal characteristics or patterns of the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) epidemic is critical in effectively preventing and controlling this epidemic. However, no research analyzed the spatial dependency and temporal dynamics of 2019-nCoV. Consequently, this research aims to detect the spatio-temporal patterns of the 2019-nCoV epidemic using spatio-temporal analysis methods at the county level in Hubei province. The Mann&ndash;Kendall and Pettitt methods were used to identify the temporal trends and abrupt changes in the time series of daily new confirmed cases, respectively. The local Moran&rsquo;s I index was applied to uncover the spatial patterns of the incidence rate, including spatial clusters and outliers. On the basis of the data from January 26 to February 11, 2020, we found that there were 11 areas with different types of temporal patterns of daily new confirmed cases. The pattern characterized by an increasing trend and abrupt change is mainly attributed to the improvement in the ability to diagnose the disease. Spatial clusters with high incidence rates during the period were concentrated in Wuhan Metropolitan Area due to the high intensity of spatial interaction of the population. Therefore, enhancing the ability to diagnose the disease and controlling the movement of the population can be confirmed as effective measures to prevent and control the regional outbreak of the epidemic.
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, Vol. 17, Page 2563
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 17
IS  - 7
PG  - 2563-2563
SP  - 2563
EP  - 2563
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/IJERPH17072563
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Need for an Evidence-Based Encyclopaedia in Health Services Research in Pharmacy
AU  - Babar, Zaheer-Ud-Din
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Pharmacy practice research (PPR) is a specialty field within the wider area of health services research and it focuses on studies of how and why people access pharmacy services. This stream of research is also referred to as more universally recognized term such as health services research in pharmacy. The health services research in pharmacy has increased manifold; however, the impact of this research is not visible at the global level. The editorial explains several issues on quality and quantity of evidence produced including how evidence produced could contribute to improve quality of care and patients&rsquo; health outcomes. It also narrates examples from the UK and Australia showing how health services research in pharmacy has made an impact on healthcare service delivery. The editorial argues that building an encyclopaedia in health services research in pharmacy is vital to enhance the visibility and impact of this research.
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, Vol. 17, Page 2549
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 17
IS  - 7
PG  - 2549-2549
SP  - 2549
EP  - 2549
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/IJERPH17072549
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: Risk Groups, Mechanistic Insights, and Challenges
AU  - Stein, Richard
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As Dr. Thomson eloquently notes in his valuable letter [1], underlying respiratory diseases appear to be less of a risk factor for poor outcome in COVID-19 patients than either underlying cardiovascular disease or diabetes. This intriguing finding emerged from several studies that examined underlying medical conditions in COVID-19 patients.
JO  - International journal of clinical practice
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - e13512-e13512
SP  - e13512
EP  - e13512
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/ijcp.13512
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pneumonia Without Respiratory Symptoms
AU  - Ishikawa, Kazuhiro
AU  - Uehara, Yuki
AU  - Matsuo, Takahiro
AU  - Mori, Nobuyoshi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Internal Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 4639-20
SP  - 4639
EP  - 20
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2169/internalmedicine.4639-20
UR  - https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/internalmedicine/advpub/0/advpub_4639-20/_article
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus: Update Related to the Current Outbreak of COVID-19
AU  - Gabutti, Giovanni
AU  - d’Anchera, Erica
AU  - Sandri, Federica
AU  - Savio, Marta
AU  - Stefanati, Armando
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, some cases of viral pneumonia were epidemiologically related to a new coronavirus in the province of Hubei, China. Subsequently, there has been an increase in infections attributable to this virus throughout China and worldwide. The World Health Organization (WHO) has officially named the infection coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and the virus has been classified as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This appears to be a virus from Rhinolophus bats, but the intermediate host has not yet been identified. The mechanism of infection of SARS-CoV-2 is not yet known; it appears to have affinity for cells located in the lower airways, where it replicates. The interhuman transmission of coronaviruses mainly occurs through saliva droplets and direct and indirect contact via surfaces. As of March 10, 2020, the number of cases worldwide was 113,702. Along with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome (MERS), COVID-19 appears to cause a severe clinical picture in humans, ranging from mild malaise to death by sepsis/acute respiratory distress syndrome. The prognosis is worse in elderly patients with comorbidities. To date, there is no specific therapy for COVID-19. Prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection implies strategies that limit the spread of the virus. WHO and other international and national bodies have developed continuously updated strategic objectives and provisions to contain the spread of the virus and infection.
JO  - Infectious Diseases and Therapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-13
SP  - 1
EP  - 13
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s40121-020-00295-5
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s40121-020-00295-5
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Safety first - assisted human reproduction second
AU  - Lambalk, C. B.
AU  - van Wely, M.
AU  - Kirkegaard, K.
AU  - Williams, A. C.
AU  - de Geyter, C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Human Reproduction
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/humrep/deaa075
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/humrep/advance-article/doi/10.1093/humrep/deaa075/5817892
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: the perspective of Italian embryologists managing the IVF laboratory in pandemic emergency
AU  - De Santis, Lucia
AU  - Anastasi, Attilio
AU  - Cimadomo, Danilo
AU  - Klinger, Francesca Gioia
AU  - Licata, Emanuele
AU  - Pisaturo, Valerio
AU  - Sosa Fernandez, Laura
AU  - Scarica, Catello
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Human Reproduction
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/humrep/deaa074
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/humrep/advance-article/doi/10.1093/humrep/deaa074/5817891
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and Kawasaki Disease: Novel Virus and Novel Case
AU  - Jones, Veena G.
AU  - Mills, Marcos
AU  - Suarez, Dominique
AU  - Hogan, Catherine A.
AU  - Yeh, Debra
AU  - Bradley Segal, J.
AU  - Nguyen, Elizabeth L.
AU  - Barsh, Gabrielle R.
AU  - Maskatia, Shiraz
AU  - Mathew, Roshni
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Hospital pediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1542/hpeds.2020-0123
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Liver transplantation and COVID-19 (Coronavirus) infection: guidelines of the liver transplant Society of India (LTSI)
AU  - Saigal, Sanjiv
AU  - Gupta, Subash
AU  - Sudhindran, S.
AU  - Goyal, Neerav
AU  - Rastogi, Amit
AU  - Jacob, Mathew
AU  - Raja, Kaiser
AU  - Ramamurthy, Anand
AU  - Asthana, Sonal
AU  - Dhiman, R. K.
AU  - Singh, Balbir
AU  - Perumalla, Rajasekhar
AU  - Malik, Ashish
AU  - Shanmugham, Naresh
AU  - Soin, Arvinder Singh
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The Liver Transplant Society of India (LTSI) has come up with guidelines for transplant centres across the country to deal with liver transplantation during this evolving pandemic of COVID-19 infection. The guidelines are applicable to both deceased donor as well as living donor liver transplants. In view of the rapidly changing situation of COVID-19 infection in India and worldwide, these guidelines will need to be updated according to the emerging data.
JO  - Hepatology International
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12072-020-10041-1
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12072-020-10041-1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preparing Medical Students for Global Challenges Beyond COVID-19
AU  - Dawidziuk, Aleksander
AU  - Gandhewar, Rishikesh
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Health Science Reports
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - e162-e162
SP  - e162
EP  - e162
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/hsr2.162
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.162
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Migraine in the Time of COVID-19
AU  - Silvestro, Marcello
AU  - Tessitore, Alessandro
AU  - Tedeschi, Gioacchino
AU  - Russo, Antonio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/head.13803
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/head.13803
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Lebanese Society of Medical Oncology (LSMO) statement on the care of patients with cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Bitar, Nizar
AU  - Kattan, Joseph
AU  - Kourie, Hampig Raphael
AU  - Mukherji, Deborah
AU  - Saghir, Nagi El
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Future oncology (London, England)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2217/fon-2020-0252
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Survey of ophthalmology practitioners in A&E on current COVID-19 guidance at three Major UK Eye Hospitals
AU  - Minocha, Amal
AU  - Sim, Sing Yue
AU  - Than, Jonathan
AU  - Vakros, Georgios
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Eye (London, England)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41433-020-0857-5
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A review of antibody-based therapeutics targeting G protein-coupled receptors: an update
AU  - Hutchings, Catherine J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-11
SP  - 1
EP  - 11
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/14712598.2020.1745770
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/14712598.2020.1745770
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Early consensus management for non-ICU ARF SARS-CoV-2 emergency in Italy: from ward to trenches
AU  - Vitacca, Michele
AU  - Nava, Stefano
AU  - Santus, Pierachille
AU  - Harari, Sergio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The European respiratory journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1183/13993003.00632-2020
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Current Status of Cell-Based Therapies for Respiratory Virus Infections: Applicability to COVID-19
AU  - Khoury, Maroun
AU  - Cuenca, Jimena
AU  - Cruz, Fernanda F.
AU  - Figueroa, Fernando E.
AU  - Rocco, Patricia R. M.
AU  - Weiss, Daniel J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Severe respiratory consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic have prompted urgent need for novel therapies. Cell-based approaches, primarily using mesenchymal stem (stromal) cells (MSCs), have demonstrated safety and possible efficacy in patients with the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), although not as yet well studied in respiratory virus-induced ARDS. Limited pre-clinical data suggest that systemic MSC administration can significantly reduce respiratory virus (Influenza strains H5N1 and H9N2)-induced lung injury, however, there are no available data in models of coronavirus respiratory infection.There are a rapidly increasing number of clinical investigations of cell-based therapy approaches for COVID-19. These utilise a range of different cell sources, doses, dosing strategies, and targeted patient populations. To provide a rationale strategy to maximise potential therapeutic use, it is critically important to understand the relevant pre-clinical studies and postulated mechanisms of MSC actions in respiratory virus-induced lung injuries. These are presented along with consideration of current clinical investigations.
JO  - The European respiratory journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1183/13993003.00858-2020
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - First impact on services and their preparation. "Instant paper from the field" on rehabilitation answers to the Covid-19 emergency
AU  - Boldrini, Paolo
AU  - Kiekens, Carlotte
AU  - Bargellesi, Stefano
AU  - Brianti, Rodolfo
AU  - Galeri, Silvia
AU  - Lucca, Lucia
AU  - Montis, Andrea
AU  - Posteraro, Federico
AU  - Scarponi, Federico
AU  - Straudi, Sofia
AU  - Negrini, Stefano
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This paper reports the immediate impact of the epidemic on rehabilitation services in Italy, the first country in Europe hit by Covid-19. In a country with almost 5,000 Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine physicians, the webinar had 230 live viewers (4.5%), and more than 8,900 individual visualizations of the recorded version. The overall inadequate preparation of the rehabilitation system to face a sudden epidemic was clear, and similar to that of the acute services. The original idea of confining the Covid-19 cases to some areas of rehabilitation wards and/or hospitals, preserving others, proved not to be feasible. Continuous reorganization and adaptation were required due to the rapid changes. Overall, rehabilitation needs had to surrender to the more acute emergency, with total conversion of beds, wards and even hospitals. The quarantine needs heavily involved also outpatient services that were mostly closed. Rehabilitation professionals needed support, but also acted properly, again similarly to what happened in the acute wards. The typical needs of rehabilitation, such as human and physical contacts, but also social interactions including patient, team, family and caregivers, appeared clearly in the current unavoidable need of being suppressed. These notes could serve the preparation of other services worldwide.
JO  - European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.23736/S1973-9087.20.06303-0
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A family cluster of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infections
AU  - Gao, Xuesong
AU  - Yuan, Zheng
AU  - Yang, Di
AU  - Li, Hongjie
AU  - Zhang, Yijin
AU  - Gao, Ping
AU  - Liu, Xiaomin
AU  - Zhao, Wenshan
AU  - Xiao, Te
AU  - Duan, Xuefei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Clinical and epidemiological knowledge of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is limited. We reported a family cluster of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) cases in Beijing, China. This family comprised three laboratory confirmed cases with clinical symptoms. All three patients had close contact with a relative from Wuhan, Hubei Province. Throat swab samples were all positive for SARS-CoV-2 using real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assays. Chest computerized tomography revealed ground-glass opacities and consolidation. SARS-CoV-2 infections tend to clusters. Physicians should be aware of contact history so that infected patients can be identified promptly and further spreading prevented.
JO  - European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases 2020
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-5
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/S10096-020-03880-1
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Ultrarapid diagnosis, microscope imaging, genome sequencing, and culture isolation of SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Colson, Philippe
AU  - Lagier, Jean-Christophe
AU  - Baudoin, Jean-Pierre
AU  - Khalil, Jacques Bou
AU  - Scola, Bernard La
AU  - Raoult, Didier
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases 2020
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/S10096-020-03869-W
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Acute myocarditis presenting as a reverse Tako-Tsubo syndrome in a patient with SARS-CoV-2 respiratory infection
AU  - Sala, Simone
AU  - Peretto, Giovanni
AU  - Gramegna, Mario
AU  - Palmisano, Anna
AU  - Villatore, Andrea
AU  - Vignale, Davide
AU  - De Cobelli, Francesco
AU  - Tresoldi, Moreno
AU  - Cappelletti, Alberto Maria
AU  - Basso, Cristina
AU  - Godino, Cosmo
AU  - Esposito, Antonio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Heart Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa286
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/advance-article/doi/10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa286/5817735
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - CAPACITY-COVID: a European registry to determine the role of cardiovascular disease in the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Linschoten and, Marijke
AU  - Asselbergs, Folkert W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Heart Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa280
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/advance-article/doi/10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa280/5817734
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Lessons Never Learned: Crisis and gender-based violence
AU  - John, Neetu
AU  - Casey, Sara
AU  - Carino, Giselle
AU  - McGovern, Terry
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic exposes underlying inequalities in our socio-economic and health systems, such as gender-based violence (GBV). In emergencies, particularly ones that involve quarantine, GBV often increases. Policymakers must utilize community expertise, technology and existing global guidelines to disrupt these trends in the early stages of the COVID-19 epidemic. Gender norms and roles relegating women to the realm of care work puts them on the frontlines in an epidemic, while often excluding them from developing the response. It is critical to value women?s roles in society and include their voices in the decision-making process to avoid unintended consequences and ensure a comprehensive response that caters to the needs of the most vulnerable groups.
JO  - Developing World Bioethics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/dewb.12261
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/dewb.12261
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Die Anwendung der Traditionellen Chinesischen Medizin (TCM)/Akupunktur in der Therapie und Prävention von SARS-CoV-2-Infektionen
AU  - Fleckenstein, Johannes
AU  - Füzeki, Eszter
AU  - Banzer, Winfried
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Gegenwärtig kursieren zahlreiche Vorschläge zur potenziellen Wirksamkeit von Traditioneller Chinesischer Medizin (TCM)/Akupunktur in der Therapie von SARS-CoV-2-Infektionen und assoziierten Symptomen. Stand dieser Überlegungen sind insbesondere molekularvirologische, aber auch klinische Untersuchungen aus der SARS-Epidemie 2002/2003. Ein Wirksamkeitsnachweis von chinesischen Arzneimitteln mit antiviralem Potenzial in Bezug auf SARS-CoV‑2 steht größtenteils aus. Klinische Daten stützen sich nahezu ausschließlich auf Studien vor Beginn der Coronapandemie. Gegenwärtig finden sich nur international publizierte Fallberichte sowie in China berichtete Beobachtungsstudien. Vielversprechend ist eine große Zahl registrierter prospektiver Studien, die gegenwärtig durchgeführt werden. Die Evidenzlage für die nichtpharmakologischen Therapiesäulen der TCM ist sehr schwach. Auf Basis der Datenlage ist eine Kombination westlicher und TCM-Maßnahmen in der westlichen Welt nur nach Ausschöpfung der konventionellen Maßnahmen gerechtfertigt.
JO  - Deutsche Zeitschrift für Akupunktur
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s42212-020-00271-7
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s42212-020-00271-7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Effects of Social Grooming on Incivility in COVID-19
AU  - Kim, Bumsoo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This study implements a computer-assisted content analysis to identify which social grooming factors reduce social media users' incivility when commenting or posting about the COVID-19 situation in...
JO  - Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - cyber.2020.0201-cyber.2020.0201
SP  - cyber.2020.0201
EP  - cyber.2020.0201
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1089/cyber.2020.0201
UR  - https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/cyber.2020.0201
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Research disruptions and recovery
AU  - Lee, Matthew
AU  - Brown, Steven
AU  - Moug, Susan
AU  - Vimalachandran, Dale
AU  - Acheson, Austin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract With the pandemic of COVID-19, the routine work of surgeons has been reduced to release resources to critical care and other functions. This is necessary and right, in order to protect the health of our communities now. As a consequence, many of us who undertake clinical research have seen our work suspended. With a rich portfolio of colorectal research, this includes studies such as ROSSINI2, PITSTOP, & MASH, and has delayed the start of other important studies such as ELF 2 and Damascus]. When we return to something akin to normality, we shall be looking to re-establish the studies in a timely manner. Funders have generally been flexible with regards to the disruption and have provided guidance on how the disruption might be managed1. There is no doubt that they may be asked to provide additional support for studies in progress, which may impact future funding opportunities.
JO  - Colorectal Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/codi.15069
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/codi.15069
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Hydroxychloroquine for treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection? Improving our confidence in a model-based approach to dose selection
AU  - Arnold, Samuel L. M.
AU  - Buckner, Frederick
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract In less than six months, COVID-19 has spread from a marketplace in Wuhan, China to over 150 countries and territories of the world. Therapeutics are desperately needed to reduce the morbidity and mortality of this pandemic disease. It has been reported that hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is active against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro, and this finding was quickly supported by an open label non-randomized clinical trial that provided the first published clinical evidence HCQ may be a treatment option.
JO  - Clinical and Translational Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/cts.12797
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/cts.12797
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2: SARS-CoV-2 Receptor and Regulator of the Renin-Angiotensin System
AU  - Gheblawi, Mahmoud
AU  - Wang, Kaiming
AU  - Viveiros, Anissa
AU  - Nguyen, Quynh
AU  - Zhong, Jiu-Chang
AU  - Turner, Anthony J.
AU  - Raizada, Mohan K.
AU  - Grant, Maria B.
AU  - Oudit, Gavin Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE2) has a multiplicity of physiological roles that revolve around its trivalent function: a negative regulator of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), facilitator of amino acid transport, and the SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 receptor. ACE2 is widely expressed, including, in the lungs, cardiovascular system, gut, kidneys, central nervous system, and adipose tissue. ACE2 has recently been identified as the SARS-CoV-2 receptor, the infective agent responsible for COVID-19, providing a critical link between immunity, inflammation, ACE2, and cardiovascular disease. Although sharing a close evolutionary relationship with SARS-CoV, the receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 differs in several key amino acid residues, allowing for stronger binding affinity with the human ACE2 receptor, which may account for the greater pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2. The loss of ACE2 function following binding by SARS-CoV-2 is driven by endocytosis and activation of proteolytic cleavage and processing. The ACE2 system is a critical protective pathway against heart failure with reduced and preserved ejection fraction including, myocardial infarction and hypertension, and against lung disease and diabetes. The control of gut dysbiosis and vascular permeability by ACE2 has emerged as an essential mechanism of pulmonary hypertension and diabetic cardiovascular complications. Recombinant ACE2, gene-delivery of Ace2, Ang 1-7 analogs, and Mas receptor agonists enhance ACE2 action and serve as potential therapies for disease conditions associated with an activated RAS. Recombinant human ACE2 has completed clinical trials and efficiently lowered or increased plasma angiotensin II and angiotensin 1-7 levels, respectively. Our review summarizes the progress over the past 20 years, highlighting the critical role of ACE2 as the novel SARS-CoV-2 receptor and as the negative regulator of the RAS, together with implications for the COVID-19 pandemic and associated cardiovascular diseases.
JO  - Circulation research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.120.317015
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 infects T lymphocytes through its spike protein-mediated membrane fusion
AU  - Wang, Xinling
AU  - Xu, Wei
AU  - Hu, Gaowei
AU  - Xia, Shuai
AU  - Sun, Zhiping
AU  - Liu, Zezhong
AU  - Xie, Youhua
AU  - Zhang, Rong
AU  - Jiang, Shibo
AU  - Lu, Lu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Cellular & molecular immunology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41423-020-0424-9
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Exploring the Relevance of Senotherapeutics for the Current SARS-CoV-2 Emergency and Similar Future Global Health Threats
AU  - Malavolta, Marco
AU  - Giacconi, Robertina
AU  - Brunetti, Dario
AU  - Provinciali, Mauro
AU  - Maggi, Fabrizio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The higher death rate caused by COVID-19 in older people, especially those with comorbidities, is a challenge for biomedical aging research. Here we explore the idea that an exacerbated inflammatory response, in particular that mediated by IL-6, may drive the deleterious consequences of the infection. Data shows that other RNA viruses, such as influenza virus, can display enhanced replication efficiency in senescent cells, suggesting that the accumulation of senescent cells with aging and age-related diseases may play a role in this phenomenon. However, at present, we are completely unaware of the response to SARS-CoV and SARS-COV-2 occurring in senescent cells. We deem that this is a priority area of research because it could lead to the development of several therapeutic strategies based on senotherapeutics or prevent unsuccessful attempts. Two of these senotherapeutics, azithromycin and ruxolitinib, are currently undergoing testing for their efficacy in treating COVID-19. The potential of these strategies is not only for ameliorating the consequences of the current emergence of SARS-CoV-2, but also for the future emergence of new viruses or mutated ones for which we are completely unprepared and for which no vaccines are available.
JO  - Cells 2020, Vol. 9, Page 909
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 4
PG  - 909-909
SP  - 909
EP  - 909
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/CELLS9040909
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - What is required to prevent a second major outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 upon lifting the quarantine of Wuhan city, China
AU  - Zhang, Lei
AU  - Shen, Mingwang
AU  - Ma, Xiaomeng
AU  - Su, Shu
AU  - Gong, Wenfeng
AU  - Wang, Jing
AU  - Tao, Yusha
AU  - Zou, Zhuoru
AU  - Zhao, Rui
AU  - Lau, Joseph
AU  - Li, Wei
AU  - Liu, Feng
AU  - Ye, Kai
AU  - Wang, Youfa
AU  - Zhuang, Guihua
AU  - Fairley, Christopher K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Cell Press
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.xinn.2020.04.004
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Differentiating COVID-19 response strategies
AU  - Lia, Huipeng
AU  - Zhang, Lei
AU  - Marley, Gifty
AU  - Tang, Weiming
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Cell Press
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.xinn.2020.04.003
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in adolescents and young adults
AU  - Jiaqiang, Liao
AU  - Shibing, Fan
AU  - Jing, Chen
AU  - Jianglin, Wu
AU  - Shunqing
AU  - Xu
AU  - Yuming, Guo
AU  - Chunhui, Li
AU  - Xianxiang, Zhang
AU  - Chuansha
AU  - Wu
AU  - Huaming, Mou
AU  - Chenxi, Song
AU  - Feng, Li
AU  - Guicheng, Wu
AU  - Jingjing, Zhang
AU  - Lian, Guo
AU  - Huawen, Liu
AU  - Jinglong, Lv
AU  - Lixin, Xu
AU  - Chunhui, Lang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Adolescents and young adults are more involved in frequent socialactivity, overseas studying, and international working and traveling, which might make them susceptible to worldwide spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). ⚫ Adolescent and younger patients of COVID-19 had a median incubation period of 8 days and 50% of their family contacts could develop illness within 1.4 days after exposure. ⚫ Three asymptomatic patients of COVID-19 have infected their family contacts. ⚫ Although most of the adolescent and young adult patients of COVID-19 have better prognosis outcomes after treatment, few of them showed severe clinical signs and symptoms such as bacterial pneumonia changes by Chest
JO  - Cell Press
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.xinn.2020.04.001
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The role of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in coronaviruses/influenza viruses and cardiovascular disease
AU  - Chen, Li
AU  - Hao, Guang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) has emerged as a key regulator of the renin–angiotensin system in cardiovascular (CV) disease and plays a pivotal role in infections by coronaviruses and influenza viruses. The present review is primarily focused on the findings to indicate the role of ACE2 in the relationship of coronaviruses and influenza viruses to CV disease. It is postulated that the risk of coronavirus or influenza virus infection is high, at least partly due to high ACE2 expression in populations with a high CV risk. Coronavirus and influenza virus vaccine usage in high CV risk populations could be a potential strategy to prevent both CV disease and coronavirus/influenza virus infections.</p>
JO  - Cardiovascular Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cvr/cvaa093
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/cardiovascres/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cvr/cvaa093/5817733
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Commentary on Ferguson, et al., “Impact of Non-pharmaceutical Interventions (NPIs) to Reduce COVID-19 Mortality and Healthcare Demand”
AU  - Eubank, S.
AU  - Eckstrand, I.
AU  - Lewis, B.
AU  - Venkatramanan, S.
AU  - Marathe, M.
AU  - Barrett, C. L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A recent manuscript (Ferguson et al. in Impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) to reduce COVID-19 mortality and healthcare demand, Imperial College COVID-19 Response Team, London, 2020. https://www.imperial.ac.uk/media/imperial-college/medicine/sph/ide/gida-fellowships/Imperial-College-COVID19-NPI-modelling-16-03-2020.pdf) from Imperial College modelers examining ways to mitigate and control the spread of COVID-19 has attracted much attention. In this paper, we will discuss a coarse taxonomy of models and explore the context and significance of the Imperial College and other models in contributing to the analysis of COVID-19.
JO  - Bulletin of Mathematical Biology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 82
IS  - 4
PG  - 52-52
SP  - 52
EP  - 52
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11538-020-00726-x
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11538-020-00726-x
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Ocular manifestations of a hospitalised patient with confirmed 2019 novel coronavirus disease
AU  - Chen, Lu
AU  - Liu, Meizhou
AU  - Zhang, Zheng
AU  - Qiao, Kun
AU  - Huang, Ting
AU  - Chen, Miaohong
AU  - Xin, Na
AU  - Huang, Zuliang
AU  - Liu, Lei
AU  - Zhang, Guoming
AU  - Wang, Jiantao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - PURPOSE: To report the ocular characteristics and the presence of viral RNA of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in conjunctival swab specimens in a patient with confirmed 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19). PARTICIPANT AND METHODS: A 30-year-old man with confirmed COVID-19 and bilateral acute conjunctivitis which occurred 13 days after illness onset. Based on detailed ophthalmic examination, reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) was performed to detect SARS-CoV-2 virus in conjunctival swabs. The ocular characteristics, presence of viral RNA and viral dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 in the conjunctival specimens were evaluated. RESULTS: Slit lamp examination showed bilateral acute follicular conjunctivitis. RT-PCR assay demonstrated the presence of viral RNA in conjunctival specimen 13 days after onset (cycle threshold value: 31). The conjunctival swab specimens remained positive for SARS-CoV-2 on 14 and 17 days after onset. On day 19, RT-PCR result was negative for SARS-CoV-2. CONCLUSION: SARS-CoV-2 is capable of causing ocular complications such as viral conjunctivitis in the middle phase of illness. Precautionary measures are recommended when examining infected patients throughout the clinical course of the infection. However, conjunctival sampling might not be useful for early diagnosis because the virus may not appear initially in the conjunctiva.
JO  - The British journal of ophthalmology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2020-316304
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: doctors still do not have #properPPE
AU  - Rimmer, Abi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1423-m1423
SP  - m1423
EP  - m1423
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1423
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - David Oliver: Silencing NHS staff who speak out is sheer stupidity
AU  - Oliver, David
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Amid a global pandemic, which is putting our health services and frontline staff under immense strain and personal risk, is it right to suppress their free speech? On 31 March the media reported on a dossier from the Doctors’ Association UK detailing numerous instances of medical and nursing staff being warned, disciplined, threatened, monitored, and gagged for speaking out on social or mainstream media.1 Their concerns included a lack of personal protective equipment and testing for covid-19—putting them, their families, and their patients at risk.2 The staff also highlighted what they saw as inconsistent and unconvincing guidance from their employers and national authorities. There’s a long history of NHS executives and managers being leant on to prevent them speaking out publicly about …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1388-m1388
SP  - m1388
EP  - m1388
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1388
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1388
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: Trump threatens to stop funding WHO amid “China-centric” claims
AU  - Mahase, Elisabeth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Donald Trump has warned that the US could stop funding the World Health Organization, as he accused it of being “China-centric” and of calling “every shot wrong.” Speaking at a press conference on 7 April, President Trump criticised WHO for its decisions on covid-19 and said that the US could put a “very powerful” freeze on funding for the organisation. He said, “The WHO receives a vast amount of money from the US. We pay for a majority, the biggest portion of their money. They actually criticised and disagreed with my travel ban at the time I did it. They were wrong, they have been wrong about a lot of things. They had a lot of information early and they didn’t want to divulge. They …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1438-m1438
SP  - m1438
EP  - m1438
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1438
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1438
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine in covid-19
AU  - Ferner, Robin E.
AU  - Aronson, Jeffrey K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Use of these drugs is premature and potentially harmful The BMJ in 1925 cautiously endorsed Moellgaard’s gold treatment for tuberculosis,1 although it found his pharmacological reasoning “both interesting and instructive.”2 We should be similarly cautious about proposed treatments for people infected with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes covid-19. Many proposals are based on in vitro investigations, studies in experimental animals, or experience with interventions in infections with other viruses, whether similar to SARS-CoV-2 (eg, SARS-CoV-1) or not (HIV). This is all true of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, both 4-aminoquinolines, which have been suggested as potential treatments for covid-19. Currently, at least 80 trials of chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, or both, sometimes in combination with other drugs, are registered worldwide. The possible activity of 4-aminoquinolines in infectious mononucleosis was first proposed in 1960, before its viral cause was known.3 Several unsatisfactory clinical trials followed, some with positive results and some negative. In 1967 the authors of a small but well conducted randomised, double blind, placebo controlled trial of chloroquine concluded that “except for supportive measures, infectious mononucleosis is essentially untreatable.”4 Since then, many studies have shown that 4-aminoquinolines are …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1432-m1432
SP  - m1432
EP  - m1432
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1432
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1432
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: Africa records over 10 000 cases as lockdowns take hold
AU  - Dyer, Owen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Africa, so far the continent least affected by covid-19, registered 10 268 confirmed cases and 491 deaths on 7 April, passing a worrying landmark for public health experts who are still hopeful that mass spread can be averted. The virus has been detected in 53 of Africa’s 54 countries, all but Lesotho. Most have now restricted movement to some degree, and 17 have imposed partial or complete lockdowns. With just 2% of the world’s commercial air traffic stopping in Africa, the coronavirus took time to gain a foothold. There were early signs of complacency in some governments’ responses. Burundi was coronavirus-free, the president’s spokesperson said, because it put “God first.” God’s mercy shone on Africans because of their faith, said Tanzania’s president John Magufuli, urging his people to crowd into churches and take communion because “corona is satanic and cannot survive in the body of Christ.” But many African governments were exceptionally swift …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1439-m1439
SP  - m1439
EP  - m1439
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1439
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1439
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: Testing times for the government—but not for NHS staff
AU  - Cowper, Andy
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The UK government has not always stuck to its own advice on covid-19, says Andy Cowper . He argues that it must be clearer about its strategy and objectives Covid-19 is no respecter of individual people, as shown by the rapid domino effect of infections in Whitehall—ranging from Chris Whitty, chief medical officer (now recovered and back at work), to the health secretary, Matt Hancock (who was visibly unwell at the opening of the NHS Nightingale Hospital at ExCeL London1), to the prime minister’s special adviser, Dominic Cummings,2 and the prime minister himself, Boris Johnson, who was admitted to intensive care on 6 April. Of course, one wishes them all a speedy recovery. It does seem, however, that central government has been a bit sketchy in following its own official advice on social distancing, to put it mildly: the prime minister actually boasted that, on an early March hospital visit, he had still shaken hands with people.3 You also have to wonder about the cleaning standards at 10 Downing Street. Scotland’s chief medical officer, …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1433-m1433
SP  - m1433
EP  - m1433
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1433
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1433
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: testing times
AU  - Beeching, Nick J.
AU  - Fletcher, Tom E.
AU  - Beadsworth, Mike B. J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Rapid near patient testing for both current and past infections is urgently required “Test, test, test” is the key to controlling the spread of SARS-CoV-2 and its clinical manifestation, covid-19, according to the World Health Organisation.1 However, three months after notification of the novel coronavirus infection in China, there is inadequate access to appropriate diagnostic tests globally and confusion among healthcare professionals and the public about prioritisation of testing and interpretation of results. The virus is spread by the respiratory route, primarily by droplets and contact with contaminated surfaces and fomites, and by aerosol formation during invasive respiratory procedures. Virus is also found in urine, faeces, and saliva.2345 Asymptomatic shedding seems to be common, especially in children, and can spread infection.67 The incubation period from infection to first symptom is typically 5 to 7 days, with a range of 4-14 days. Diagnosis of current infection relies on tests to detect virus in various body fluids. Antibody tests on blood are used to confirm past infection and presumed immunity to repeat infection, although duration and effectiveness of such protection are not yet known. Respiratory shedding …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1403-m1403
SP  - m1403
EP  - m1403
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1403
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1403
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: Risk of increase in smoking rates among England's 6 million smokers and relapse among England's 11 million ex-smokers
AU  - Patwardhan, Pooja
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BJGP open
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3399/bjgpopen20X101067
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Should chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine be used to treat COVID-19? A rapid review
AU  - Gbinigie, Kome
AU  - Frie, Kerstin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: On the 11 March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared that COVID-19 was a pandemic. To date, there are no medical treatments for COVID-19 with proven effectiveness. Novel treatments and/or vaccines will take time to be developed and distributed to patients. In light of this, there has been growing interest in the use of existing medications, such as chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), as potential treatments of this disease. AIM: To establish the current evidence for the effectiveness of CQ and HCQ in treating COVID-19. DESIGN & SETTING: A rapid review of the literature was conducted. METHOD: Electronic searches in PubMed and Google Scholar were conducted on 21 March 2020. A further search was conducted in Google for relevant literature on 28 March 2020. RESULTS: There is limited evidence of in vitro activity of CQ/HCQ against SARS-CoV-2. A number of in vivo clinical trials are underway. The empirical data available from two of these trials reveal conflicting results. Both trials are characterised by small numbers of participants (n = 30 and n = 36) and suffer methodological limitations. No medium or long-term follow-up data is available. CONCLUSION: At present, there is insufficient evidence to determine whether CQ/HCQ are safe and effective treatments for COVID-19. High quality, adequately powered randomised clinical trials in primary and secondary care settings are urgently required to guide policymakers and clinicians. These studies should report medium- and long-term follow-up results, and safety data.
JO  - BJGP open
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3399/bjgpopen20X101069
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Ready for a long fight against the COVID-19 outbreak: an innovative model of tiered primary health care in Taiwan
AU  - Chang, Brian Bih-Jeng
AU  - Chiu, Tai-Yuan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BJGP open
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3399/bjgpopen20X101068
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Childhood Rheumatic Diseases and COVID-19 Pandemic: An Intriguing Linkage and a New Horizon
AU  - Haşlak, Fatih
AU  - Yıldız, Mehmet
AU  - Adrovic, Amra
AU  - Barut, Kenan
AU  - Kasapçopur, Özgür
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As it is known, we are all in a pandemic situation due to a novel coronavirus, officially named "Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2" and the disease caused by the virus named "Coronavirus disease-2019". The virus seems to has propensity to infect older male individuals with underlying disease. The clinical features were on a large scale that varies from being an asymptomatic carrier to acute respiratory distress syndrome and multiorgan dysfunction. Fever, dry cough and fatigue are the most common symptoms. Not only, the disease seems to be rare and have a milder course in pediatric age but also respiratory failure, multiorgan dysfunction, and death are extremely rare. Although several comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases are defined as a risk factor for developing the acute respiratory syndrome and need for intensive care; immune-compromised situations such as rheumatic disease which require immunosuppressive treatment strikingly are not found to be a risk factor for more severe disease course. However, there is a lack of data regarding the effects of "Coronavirus disease-2019" on pediatric patients with rheumatic diseases. Additionally, there are three controversial circumstances that patients with rheumatic diseases are believed to be more likely to have viral infections like "Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2", on the other hand, antirheumatic drugs may have a protective and therapeutic role in Coronavirus disease-2019 and children are more unlikely to have serious disease course. Therefore, we aimed to have a contributor role for explaining this conundrum and present a bird's eye view regarding this equivocal issue in this review.
JO  - Balkan medical journal
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2020.2020.4.43
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Decontamination and Reuse of N95 Respirators with Hydrogen Peroxide Vapor to Address Worldwide Personal Protective Equipment Shortages During the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Pandemic
AU  - Schwartz, Antony
AU  - Stiegel, Matthew
AU  - Greeson, Nicole
AU  - Vogel, Andrea
AU  - Thomann, Wayne
AU  - Brown, Monte
AU  - Sempowski, Gregory D.
AU  - Alderman, Thomas Scott
AU  - Condreay, James Patrick
AU  - Burch, James
AU  - Wolfe, Cameron
AU  - Smith, Becky
AU  - Lewis, Sarah
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic has placed a tremendous amount of strain on resources in the health care setting. One of the most pressing issues is the rapid depletion of personal protective equipment (PPE) used in the care of patients. This is a significant concern for health care workers’ health and safety. Many entities have depleted or soon will exhaust their stockpile of PPE despite adopting PPE-sparing practices as the number of COVID-19 cases in the United States increases at an almost exponential rate and manufacturers struggle to keep up with the worldwide demand. This potential shortage is particularly concerning for commonly used N95 respirators and powered-air purifying respirators (PAPRs). Recently, the US Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)1 even temporarily suspended the requirement to perform annual fit testing of respirators to allow entities to conserve respirators and preserve them for patient care. These measures are unprecedented and highlight the urgent need for entities to develop solutions to proactively address what could be potentially a grave occupational health issue. At Duke University and Health System, we have evaluated and will begin using hydrogen peroxide vapor to decontaminate and reuse N95 respirators. In this communication, we briefly discuss the decontamination validation process and post-decontamination performance validation conducted at Duke. This validation, which is supported by previous laboratory testing, funded by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), demonstrated that N95 respirators still met performance requirements even after decontamination with hydrogen peroxide vapor in the laboratory setting for over 50 times.2 While previous studies have shown the applicability of the hydrogen peroxide vapor process, we have also confirmed that the respirator still functions as designed, using our standardized human N95 fit testing methodology. We will now use this internally validated and Duke Institutional Biosafety Review Committee (IBRC)–approved laboratory decontamination process in the clinical setting to dramatically extend the life of our N95 respirators. We hope that sharing our processes through this brief communication can help other entities with access to hydrogen peroxide vapor to evaluate the potential applicability of this technology at their facility or partner with those who may already have this capability, including other private-sector life science organizations. Process/Method We, like others, have implemented many Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)–approved N95 reuse practices, including employees reusing their own N95s for the duration of their shifts. However, this alone may not be adequate to meet our anticipated need with various centers reporting multiple-fold higher use of PPE as their caseload increases. In the interest of our workforce safety, the goal was thus to extend the life of our existing supply. Duke University houses one of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Regional Biocontainment Laboratories (RBLs) as part of a nationwide network of high-containment laboratories and has extensive experience with the use of hydrogen peroxide vapor decontamination. In addition, Duke University Health System had past experience with hydrogen peroxide vapor in the clinical setting as part of previous high-consequence pathogen preparedness exercises. The Duke RBL, a biosafety level 3 (BSL-3) facility, contains a room specifically designed to use hydrogen peroxide vapor to decontaminate laboratory equipment and has been operational for over a decade. This room currently uses a Bioquell (Horsham, PA, USA) ClarusTM C system with a 35% hydrogen peroxide solution and distribution system to disperse hydrogen peroxide vapor into the room in a uniform fashion. In addition, we are evaluating the new Bioquell Z-2 and Bioquell ProteQ systems that will provide increased capacity and flexibility to our reprocessing needs. The FDA-funded project, referenced previously, validated the decontaminat on of N95 respirators with hydrogen peroxide vapor for over 50 cycles with the reuse limiting factor being the elastic straps that started to show degradation.2 To address this, we plan to decontaminate and reuse N95s up to 30 cycles with a quality assurance (QA) step to ensure both qualitative and quantitative degradation has not occurred. A cohort of respirators will be decontaminated with every cycle and will be used in standardized quantitative fit testing to ensure the integrity of the respirators is maintained over many decontamination cycles. Procedures Approximately 100 3M (St. Paul, MN, USA) 1860 N95s, previously used in quantitative employee fit testing, were collected and laid out on stainless steel wire racks in our hydrogen peroxide vapor processing room in the RBL. The hydrogen peroxide vapor run consisted of the following 5 stages: conditioning, pregassing, gassing, gassing dwell, and aeration. The existing RBL hydrogen peroxide vapor standard operating procedure (SOP) was employed and requires that the processing room attain a 480+-ppm level of hydrogen peroxide vapor with a “gassing” time of 25 minutes and a “gassing dwell” time of 20 minutes. At the end of a cycle, during the aeration stage, fresh air was introduced into the room to increase the rate of catalytic conversion of hydrogen peroxide vapor into oxygen and water. This procedure leaves no residue other than water. When sufficient time had passed, we used a PortaSens II sensor (Analytical Technology, Inc., Collegeville, PA, USA) to ensure hydrogen peroxide levels were below the OSHA permissible exposure limit3 (PEL) of 1.0 ppm prior to entering the room. In addition, we validated the efficacy of the decontamination process by using 9 individual 6-log biological indicators (Geobacillus stearothermophilus spores). See Figure 1 for representation of the decontamination setup and placement of biological indicators. [truncated]
JO  - Applied Biosafety
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1535676020919932-1535676020919932
SP  - 1535676020919932
EP  - 1535676020919932
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/1535676020919932
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1177/1535676020919932
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Management of Cancer Surgery Cases During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Considerations
AU  - Bartlett, David L.
AU  - Howe, James R.
AU  - Chang, George
AU  - Crago, Aimee
AU  - Hogg, Melissa
AU  - Karakousis, Giorgos
AU  - Levine, Edward
AU  - Maker, Ajay
AU  - Mamounas, Eleftherios
AU  - McGuire, Kandace
AU  - Merchant, Nipun
AU  - Shibata, David
AU  - Sohn, Vance
AU  - Solorzano, Carmen
AU  - Turaga, Kiran
AU  - White, Richard
AU  - Yang, Anthony
AU  - Yoon, Sam
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of Surgical Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1245/s10434-020-08461-2
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1245/s10434-020-08461-2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - ANNALS EXPRESS: Electrolyte Imbalances in Patients with Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
AU  - Lippi, Giuseppe
AU  - South, Andrew Michael
AU  - Henry, Brandon Michael
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of clinical biochemistry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 4563220922255-4563220922255
SP  - 4563220922255
EP  - 4563220922255
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/0004563220922255
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Infection control in non-clinical areas during COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Ling, L.
AU  - Wong, W. T.
AU  - Wan, W. T. P.
AU  - Choi, G.
AU  - Joynt, G. M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Large numbers of healthcare workers have acquired coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in the workplace [1]. SARS-CoV-2 is easily transmissible as each person with COVID-19 infects approximately 2.2 close contacts, and asymptomatic transmission has been reported [2,3]. SARS-CoV-2 survives in aerosols and on surfaces from hours to days, respectively [4]. Therefore, we believe non-clinical areas are potentially high-risk for transmission between healthcare workers, and often neglected by infection prevention and control protocols. To alert others to this risk and how it may be reduced, we describe our non-clinical workplace infection prevention and control measures that have been modified from those originally developed during the 2003 severe acute respiratory syndrome epidemic [5].
JO  - Anaesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/anae.15075
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/anae.15075
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Battling COVID-19: Critical care and peri-operative healthcare resource management strategies in a tertiary academic medical centre in Singapore
AU  - Lee, C. C. M.
AU  - Thampi, S.
AU  - Lewin, B.
AU  - Lim, T. J. D.
AU  - Rippin, B.
AU  - Wong, W. H.
AU  - Agrawal, R. V.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Summary In December 2019, a cluster of atypical pneumonia cases were reported in Wuhan, China, and a novel coronavirus elucidated as the aetiologic agent. Although most initial cases occurred in China, the disease, termed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has become a pandemic and continues to spread rapidly with human-to-human transmission in many countries. This is the third novel coronavirus outbreak in the last two decades and presents an ensuing healthcare resource burden that threatens to overwhelm available healthcare resources. A study of the initial Chinese response has shown that there is a significant positive association between COVID-19 mortality and healthcare resource burden. Based on the Chinese experience, some 19% of COVID-19 cases develop severe or critical disease. This results in a need for adequate preparation and mobilisation of critical care resources to anticipate and adapt to a surge in COVID-19 case-load in order to mitigate morbidity and mortality. In this article we discuss some of the peri-operative and critical care resource planning considerations and management strategies employed in a tertiary academic medical centre in Singapore in response to the COVID-19 outbreak.
JO  - Anaesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/anae.15074
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/anae.15074
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Critically Ill COVID-19 Infected Patients Exhibit Increased Clot Waveform Analysis Parameters Consistent with Hypercoagulability
AU  - Tan, Chuen Wen
AU  - Low, Jenny Guek Hong
AU  - Wong, Wan Hui
AU  - Chua, Ying Ying
AU  - Goh, Sher Li
AU  - Ng, Heng Joo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - American journal of hematology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/ajh.25822
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Vaso-occlusive Crisis and Acute Chest Syndrome in Sickle Cell Disease due to 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)
AU  - Nur, E.
AU  - Gaartman, A. E.
AU  - van Tuijn, C. F. J.
AU  - Tang, M. W.
AU  - Biemond, B. J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - American journal of hematology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/ajh.25821
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Nationwide system to centralize decisions around ECMO use for severe COVID-19 pneumonia in Japan
AU  - Takeda, Shinhiro
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is spreading in Japan. The number of patients who need extracorporeal membranous oxygenation (ECMO) is expected to increase, however the clinical characteristics of the patients who require and will benefit from ECMO are unclear.
JO  - Acute Medicine & Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/ams2.510
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/ams2.510
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Letter to the Editor Regarding the Viewpoint "Evidence of the COVID-19 Virus Targeting the CNS: Tissue Distribution, Host-Virus Interaction, and Proposed Neurotropic Mechanism"
AU  - Toljan, Karlo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - ACS chemical neuroscience
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00174
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Continuous Intravenous Anakinra Infusion to Calm the Cytokine Storm in Macrophage Activation Syndrome
AU  - Adam Monteagudo, Luke
AU  - Boothby, Aaron
AU  - Gertner, Elie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE: To report the benefit of a therapeutic approach consisting of intravenous continuous anakinra (recombinant human interleukin-1 receptor antagonist) infusions in treating severely ill adult patients with secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis/macrophage activation syndrome (sHLH/MAS). METHODS: A retrospective chart review of five patients treated at Regions Hospital from 2016-2019. Demographic, clinical, laboratory characteristics and outcomes were recorded. RESULTS: Continuous IV anakinra infusions up to 2400 mg/day resulted in rapid serologic, then clinical response in 4/5 severely ill patients who were refractory to all other therapies including subcutaneous anakinra. Subsequently, 3/5 have been maintained on anakinra or canakinumab with no recurrence of MAS. CONCLUSION: Continuous infusion of IV anakinra may result in rapid serologic and subsequent clinical improvement in adult patients with MAS. This method for treating cytokine storm should be considered in the current COVID-19 pandemic in the subgroup of patients with severe disease that have a cytokine storm presentation.
JO  - ACR open rheumatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/acr2.11135
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - PCOMM
TI  - Integrating Domestic Violence Prevention and Mitigation into Global COVID-19 Preparedness and Relief Efforts - blog
AU  - Series, B. M. C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://blogs.biomedcentral.com/bmcseriesblog/2020/04/08/integrating-domestic-violence-prevention-and-mitigation-into-global-covid-19-preparedness-and-relief-efforts/
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - PCOMM
TI  - Coronavirus Q&amp;A With Anthony Fauci, MD | JN Learning | AMA Ed Hub
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://edhub.ama-assn.org/jn-learning/video-player/18433523
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in the Nuclear Medicine Department, be prepared for ventilation scans as well! [Letter]
AU  - Zuckier, Lionel S.
AU  - Gordon, Sharon R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We read with great interest the recent editorial by Huang et al.[1] regarding the unfortunately timely topic of considerations attendant to running a nuclear medicine department in the context of the COVID-19 epidemic, which complements similar work on diagnostic imaging [2] and hospital-wide preparedness [3]. As the pandemic has unfolded in a somewhat sequential manner [4], lessons learned in one geographic domain are of great value to physicians who practice in locations that are earlier on the learning curve. One area of concern which we did not see covered in the comprehensive treatment relates to performance of ventilation scans, a standard component of ventilation/perfusion studies performed to exclude pulmonary embolus [5]. The population of patients who are short-of-breath and considered for pulmonary embolus certainly overlap with individuals who may be suffering effects of COVID-19 infection. Beyond standard methods of decontamination, which are relevant to all patients with suspicion of infection [2,6], is there a specific concern that patients performing ventilation studies will expose others to airborne virus by exhalation into the aerosolization system? Do we need to take any additional precautions to minimize airborne distribution of virus, such as requiring technologists to don respiratory mask to protect against airborne virus? Are there any changes in protocol that we can implement to mitigate risk?
JO  - Nuclear Medicine Communications
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 5
PG  - 494-495
SP  - 494
EP  - 495
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=ovftu&AN=00006231-202005000-00011
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Hospitalization Rates and Characteristics of Patients Hospitalized with Laboratory-Confirmed Coronavirus Disease 2019 — COVID-NET, 14 States, March 1–30, 2020
AU  - Shikha Garg
AU  - Lindsay Kim
AU  - Michael Whitaker
AU  - Alissa O’Halloran
AU  - Charisse Cummings
AU  - 
AU  - Rachel Holstein
AU  - Mila Prill
AU  - Shua J. Chai
AU  - Pam D. Kirley
AU  - Nisha B. Alden
AU  - Breanna Kawasaki
AU  - Kimberly Yousey-Hindes
AU  - Linda Niccolai
AU  - 
AU  - Evan J. Anderson
AU  - Kyle P. Openo
AU  - 
AU  - Andrew Weigel
AU  - Maya L. Monroe
AU  - Patricia Ryan
AU  - Justin Henderson
AU  - Sue Kim
AU  - Kathy Como-Sabetti
AU  - Ruth Lynfield
AU  - Daniel Sosin, M
AU  - Salina Torres
AU  - Alison Muse
AU  - Nancy M. Bennett
AU  - Laurie Billing
AU  - Melissa Sutton
AU  - Nicole West
AU  - William Schaffner
AU  - 
AU  - H. Keipp Talbot
AU  - Aquino, Clarissa
AU  - 
AU  - Andrea George
AU  - Alicia Budd
AU  - Lynnette Brammer
AU  - Gayle Langley
AU  - Aron J. Hall
AU  - 
AU  - Alicia Fry
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6915e3
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Community Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 at Two Family Gatherings — Chicago, Illinois, February–March 2020
AU  - Isaac Ghinai
AU  - Woods, Susan
AU  - Kathleen A. Ritger
AU  - Tristan D. McPherson
AU  - Stephanie R. Black
AU  - Sparrow, Laura
AU  - Marielle J. Fricchione
AU  - Janna L. Kerins
AU  - Massimo Pacilli
AU  - Peter S. Ruestow
AU  - M. Allison Arwady
AU  - 
AU  - Suzanne F. Beavers
AU  - 
AU  - Daniel C. Payne
AU  - Hannah L. Kirking
AU  - Jennifer E. Layden
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - What is already known about this topic? Early reports of person-to-person transmission of SARS-CoV-2 have been among household contacts, health care workers, and within congregate living facilities. What is added by this report? Investigation of COVID-19 cases in Chicago identified a cluster of 16 confirmed or probable cases, including three deaths, likely resulting from one introduction. Extended family gatherings including a funeral and a birthday party likely facilitated transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in this cluster. What are the implications for public health practice? U.S. residents should adhere to CDC recommendations for social distancing, avoid gatherings, and follow stay-at-home orders when required by state or local authorities.
JO  - Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6915e1
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Gold nanoparticle-adjuvanted S protein induces a strong antigen-specific IgG response against severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus infection, but fails to induce protective antibodies and limit eosinophilic infiltration in lungs
AU  - Sekimukai, Hanako
AU  - Iwata-Yoshikawa, Naoko
AU  - Fukushi, Shuetsu
AU  - Tani, Hideki
AU  - Kataoka, Michiyo
AU  - Suzuki, Tadaki
AU  - Hasegawa, Hideki
AU  - Niikura, Kenichi
AU  - Arai, Katsuhiko
AU  - Nagata, Noriyo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Microbiology and Immunology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 64
IS  - 1
PG  - 33-51
SP  - 33
EP  - 51
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=ovftu&AN=00080180-202001000-00005
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Correction to: Practical indications for the prevention and management of SARS-CoV-2 in ambulatory dialysis patients: lessons from the first phase of the epidemics in Lombardy (Journal of Nephrology, (2020), 10.1007/s40620-020-00727-y)
AU  - Rombolà, G.
AU  - Heidempergher, M.
AU  - Pedrini, L.
AU  - Farina, M.
AU  - Aucella, F.
AU  - Messa, P.
AU  - Brunori, G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The originally published article the co-author name Marco Heidempergher incorrectly spelled as Marco Hedemperger. The correct name given below: Marco Heidempergher. The original article has been corrected.
JO  - Journal of Nephrology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s40620-020-00729-w
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2004517172 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40620-020-00729-w
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Strategies to trace back the origin of COVID-19
AU  - Zhang, Xu
AU  - Chen, Xiaoyuan
AU  - Zhang, Zhipeng
AU  - Roy, Ayan
AU  - Shen, Yongyi
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - In spite of considerable research advancements on SARS-CoV-2, the origin of the virus is yet ambiguous. Chinese authorities originally announced that the first infection case was reported on December 31, 2019, and many of the initial cases were linked directly to Huanan seafood market in Wuhan, in the Hubei province.5 Apart from fish and seafood, the market also sold domestic and wild animals. Thirty-three of the 585 environmental samples collected from the market were found to contain the novel coronavirus, according to China CDC. The hypothesis that the outbreak originated at the market, with its initial transmission from live animals to human beings followed by rapid human-to-human transmission, is suggested to be most likely and convincing.6 However, another recent study claimed that the first patient, diagnosed on December 1, 2019, was never exposed to the market.7 Thus, origin of the disease still remains a puzzle unresolved. Identification and subsequent elimination of the zoonotic source appears to be the most imperative and demanding task at present to prevent further events of viral spillover at the animal-human interface.8 The seafood market was closed on January 1, 2020, and existing animals had been cleaned up, making it very difficult to identify the intermediate hosts. However, tracing the source of the virus might be targeted from the following perspectives:
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.032
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.032
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Role of Phylogenetic Analysis in Clarifying the Infection Source of a COVID-19 Patient
AU  - Wang, Jann-Tay
AU  - Lin, You-Yu
AU  - Chang, Sui-Yuan
AU  - Yeh, Shiou-Hwei
AU  - Hu, Bor-Hsian
AU  - Chen, Pei-Jer
AU  - Chang, Shan-Chwen
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - This 66-year-old Taiwanese woman was well before. She traveled to Dubai from January 29 to February 10, 2020, and Egypt from February 11 to February 21, 2020. When she stayed in Egypt, she ever participated an eight-day tourism on a Nile cruise boat. She returned to Taiwan via an international airline on February 21, 2020. She began to suffer from general malaise, myalgia, cold sweating, productive cough, and sore throat since February 18, 2020. She reported that there were another 16 persons in the same tourism group had similar symptoms at that time. Her symptoms persisted despite medication, prescribed on February 21 by a local medical doctor. On February. 26, the cough exacerbated, and she developed chest tightness, abdominal upset and vomiting. She visited the Department of Emergency of a teaching hospital in Taipei on February 28. No fever was noted during her disease course. In the context of her travel history and prominent respiratory symptoms, a nasopharyngeal swab was taken for test of SARS-CoV-2 by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and the result was positive. She was then transferred to a negative-pressure isolation room as a case of COVID-19. The most interesting point of this patient is where she contracted her COVID-19. By history, she is more likely to contract SARS-CoV-2 infection while travelling abroad. However, despite that the median incubation period of COVID-19 was 5.1 days, it might be as long as more than three weeks in some extreme cases.6,7 Therefore, an argument that she got the infection while she was in Taiwan couldn't be excluded completely
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.031
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.031
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Characteristics of health worker fatality in China during the outbreak of COVID-19 infection
AU  - Li, Wei
AU  - Zhang, Jie
AU  - Xiao, Shifu
AU  - Sun, Lin
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - We retrieved information on 24 deceased cases of health workers based on official reports from governmental institutes, as well as reports from news sites. Information available on public data included gender, age, cause of death, location city, date of disease onset, date of admission, date of death, and hospital levels they worked. We grouped cases into three groups based on the cause of death, which included COVID-19 infection, sudden death, and traffic accident groups. Mann-Whitney U test was applied to compare continuous variables because the data was non-normal distribution, and Fisher exact test was used for categorical variables because the data number was limited.
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.030
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.030
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SAA is a biomarker to distinguish the severity and prognosis of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
AU  - Li, Huan
AU  - Xiang, Xiaochen
AU  - Ren, Hongwei
AU  - Xu, Lingli
AU  - Zhao, Lisha
AU  - Chen, Xiaoqiong
AU  - Long, Hui
AU  - Wang, Qiang
AU  - Wu, Qingming
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.035
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.035
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Highlights of the May issue
AU  - Mancia, Giuseppe
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Hypertension
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 38
IS  - 5
PG  - 779-780
SP  - 779
EP  - 780
AN  - 00004872-202005000-00001
DO  - 10.1097/hjh.0000000000002425
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/jhypertension/Fulltext/2020/05000/Highlights_of_the_May_issue.1.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - What’s Important: Weathering the COVID-19 Crisis: Time for Leadership, Vigilance, and Unity
AU  - Halawi, Mohamad J.
AU  - Wang, Daniel D.
AU  - Hunt, Thomas R. III
PY  - 9000
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JBJS
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Latest Articles
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00004623-900000000-99771
DO  - 10.2106/jbjs.20.00419
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/jbjsjournal/Fulltext/latest/What_s_Important__Weathering_the_COVID_19_Crisis_.99771.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Survey of COVID-19 Disease Among Orthopaedic Surgeons in Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
AU  - Guo, Xiaodong
AU  - Wang, Jiedong
AU  - Hu, Dong
AU  - Wu, Lisha
AU  - Gu, Li
AU  - Wang, Yang
AU  - Zhao, Jingjing
AU  - Zeng, Lian
AU  - Zhang, Jianduan
AU  - Wu, Yongchao
PY  - 9000
PD  - 
N2  - Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) broke out in Wuhan, the People’s Republic of China, in December 2019 and now is a pandemic all around the world. Some orthopaedic surgeons in Wuhan were infected with COVID-19. Methods: We conducted a survey to identify the orthopaedic surgeons who were infected with COVID-19 in Wuhan. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to collect information such as social demographic variables, clinical manifestations, exposure history, awareness of the outbreak, infection control training provided by hospitals, and individual protection practices. To further explore the possible risk factors at the individual level, a 1:2 matched case-control study was conducted. Results: A total of 26 orthopaedic surgeons from 8 hospitals in Wuhan were identified as having COVID-19. The incidence in each hospital varied from 1.5% to 20.7%. The onset of symptoms was from January 13 to February 5, 2020, and peaked on January 23, 8 days prior to the peak of the public epidemic. The suspected sites of exposure were general wards (79.2%), public places at the hospital (20.8%), operating rooms (12.5%), the intensive care unit (4.2%), and the outpatient clinic (4.2%). There was transmission from these doctors to others in 25% of cases, including to family members (20.8%), to colleagues (4.2%), to patients (4.2%), and to friends (4.2%). Participation in real-time training on prevention measures was found to have a protective effect against COVID-19 (odds ratio [OR], 0.12). Not wearing an N95 respirator was found to be a risk factor (OR, 5.20 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.09 to 25.00]). Wearing respirators or masks all of the time was found to be protective (OR, 0.15). Severe fatigue was found to be a risk factor (OR, 4 [95% CI, 1 to 16]) for infection with COVID-19. Conclusions: Orthopaedic surgeons are at risk during the COVID-19 pandemic. Common places of work could be contaminated. Orthopaedic surgeons have to be more vigilant and take more precautions to avoid infection with COVID-19. Level of Evidence: Diagnostic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence. Email address for J. Zhang: jd_zh@hust.edu.cn Email address for Y. Wu: wuyongchao@hotmail.com Investigation performed at Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China * Xiaodong Guo, MD, PhD and Jiedong Wang, MD, contributed equally to this work. Disclosure: The authors indicated that no external funding was received for any aspect of this work. The Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest forms are provided with the online version of the article (http://links.lww.com/JBJS/F827). Copyright 2020 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Incorporated
JO  - JBJS
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Latest Articles
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00004623-900000000-99770
DO  - 10.2106/jbjs.20.00417
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/jbjsjournal/Fulltext/latest/Survey_of_COVID_19_Disease_Among_Orthopaedic.99770.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - What’s Important: Facing Fear in the Time of COVID-19
AU  - Dyer, George S.M.
AU  - Harris, Mitchel B.
PY  - 9000
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JBJS
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Latest Articles
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00004623-900000000-99773
DO  - 10.2106/jbjs.20.00469
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/jbjsjournal/Fulltext/latest/What_s_Important__Facing_Fear_in_the_Time_of.99773.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Quantifying the Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Transmission in the United States
AU  - Ahc, Media
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In the United States, the rate of symptomatic transmission of SARS-CoV-2 to contacts was only 0.45%, but was 10.5% in household contacts; there were tertiary symptomatic transmissions. However, since only symptomatic individuals underwent testing, the actual overall rate of transmission with or without resultant symptomatic illness is likely to be higher., (C) 2020 AHC Media LLC.
JO  - Infectious Disease Alert
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 39
IS  - 374
PG  - 0
SP  - 0
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=ovftu&AN=00475502-202004000-00002
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pharmacotherapy Considerations for COVID-19
AU  - Ahc, Media
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This article provides a brief summary of selected pharmacotherapy options proposed for COVID-19., (C) 2020 AHC Media LLC.
JO  - Infectious Disease Alert
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 39
IS  - 374
PG  - 0
SP  - 0
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=ovftu&AN=00475502-202004000-00001
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Competing endogenous RNA network profiling reveals novel host dependency factors required for MERS-CoV propagation
AU  - Zhang, X.
AU  - Chu, H.
AU  - Wen, L.
AU  - Shuai, H.
AU  - Yang, D.
AU  - Wang, Y.
AU  - Hou, Y.
AU  - Zhu, Z.
AU  - Yuan, S.
AU  - Yin, F.
AU  - Chan, J. F. W.
AU  - Yuen, K. Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are an integral component of the host competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network. These noncoding RNAs are characterized by their unique splicing reactions to form covalently closed loop structures and play important RNA regulatory roles in cells. Recent studies showed that circRNA expressions were perturbed in viral infections and circRNAs might serve as potential antiviral targets. We investigated the host ceRNA network changes and biological relevance of circRNAs in human lung adenocarcinoma epithelial (Calu-3) cells infected with the highly pathogenic Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). A total of ≥49337 putative circRNAs were predicted. Among the 7845 genes which generated putative circRNAs, 147 (1.9%) of them each generated ≥30 putative circRNAs and were involved in various biological, cellular, and metabolic processes, including viral infections. Differential expression (DE) analysis showed that the proportion of DE circRNAs significantly (P < 0.001) increased at 24 h-post infection. These DE circRNAs were clustered into 4 groups according to their time-course expression patterns and demonstrated inter-cluster and intra-cluster variations in the predicted functions of their host genes. Our comprehensive circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network identified 7 key DE circRNAs involved in various biological processes upon MERS-CoV infection. Specific siRNA knockdown of two selected DE circRNAs (circFNDC3B and circCNOT1) significantly reduced MERS-CoV load and their target mRNA expression which modulates various biological pathways, including the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and ubiquitination pathways. These results provided novel insights into the ceRNA network perturbations, biological relevance of circRNAs, and potential host-targeting antiviral strategies for MERS-CoV infection.
JO  - Emerging microbes & infections
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
PG  - 733-746
SP  - 733
EP  - 746
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/22221751.2020.1738277
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L631380928 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2020.1738277
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - What we know so far: COVID-19 current clinical knowledge and research
AU  - Lake, Mary A. Wellcome Trust clinical research training fellow A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, health authorities in Wuhan, China, identified a cluster of pneumonia cases of unknown aetiology linked to the city's South China Seafood Market. Subsequent investigations revealed a novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, as the causative agent now at the heart of a major outbreak. The rising case numbers have been accompanied by unprecedented public health action, including the wholesale isolation of Wuhan. Alongside this has been a robust scientific response, including early publication of the pathogen genome, and rapid development of highly specific diagnostics. This article will review the new knowledge of SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 acute respiratory disease, and summarise its clinical features., Copyright Notice (C) 2020 Royal College of Physicians
JO  - Clinical Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 20
IS  - 2
PG  - 124-127
SP  - 124
EP  - 127
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=ovftu&AN=00129491-202004000-00002
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical findings in a group of patients infected with the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-Cov-2) outside of Wuhan, China: retrospective case series
AU  - Xu, Xiao-Wei physician
AU  - Wu, Xiao-Xin physician
AU  - Jiang, Xian-Gao physician
AU  - Xu, Kai-Jin physician
AU  - Ying, Ling-Jun physician
AU  - Ma, Chun-Lian physician
AU  - Li, Shi-Bo physician
AU  - Wang, Hua-Ying physician
AU  - Zhang, Sheng physician
AU  - Gao, Hai-Nv professor
AU  - Sheng, Ji-Fang professor
AU  - Cai, Hong-Liu physician
AU  - Qiu, Yun-Qing professor
AU  - Li, Lan-Juan professor
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical characteristics of patients in Zhejiang province, China, infected with the 2019 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2) responsible for coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-2019)., DESIGN: Retrospective case series., SETTING: Seven hospitals in Zhejiang province, China., PARTICIPANTS: 62 patients admitted to hospital with laboratory confirmed SARS-Cov-2 infection. Data were collected from 10 January 2020 to 26 January 2020., MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Clinical data, collected using a standardised case report form, such as temperature, history of exposure, incubation period. If information was not clear, the working group in Hangzhou contacted the doctor responsible for treating the patient for clarification., RESULTS: Of the 62 patients studied (median age 41 years), only one was admitted to an intensive care unit, and no patients died during the study. According to research, none of the infected patients in Zhejiang province were ever exposed to the Huanan seafood market, the original source of the virus; all studied cases were infected by human to human transmission. The most common symptoms at onset of illness were fever in 48 (77%) patients, cough in 50 (81%), expectoration in 35 (56%), headache in 21 (34%), myalgia or fatigue in 32 (52%), diarrhoea in 3 (8%), and haemoptysis in 2 (3%). Only two patients (3%) developed shortness of breath on admission. The median time from exposure to onset of illness was 4 days (interquartile range 3-5 days), and from onset of symptoms to first hospital admission was 2 (1-4) days., CONCLUSION: As of early February 2020, compared with patients initially infected with SARS-Cov-2 in Wuhan, the symptoms of patients in Zhejiang province are relatively mild., (C) 2020 BMJ Publishing Group Ltd
JO  - BMJ February
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 29
IS  - 368
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=ovftu&AN=00002591-202002290-00038
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Influences of cyclosporin A and non-immunosuppressive derivatives on cellular cyclophilins and viral nucleocapsid protein during human coronavirus 229E replication
AU  - Ma-Lauer, Yue a b
AU  - Zheng, Yu a b
AU  - Malesevic, Miroslav c
AU  - von Brunn, Brigitte a b
AU  - Fischer, Gunter d
AU  - von Brunn, Albrecht a b
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The well-known immunosuppressive drug cyclosporin A inhibits replication of various viruses including coronaviruses by binding to cellular cyclophilins thus inactivating their cis-trans peptidyl-prolyl isomerase function. Viral nucleocapsid proteins are inevitable for genome encapsidation and replication. Here we demonstrate the interaction between the N protein of HCoV-229E and cyclophilin A, not cyclophilin B. Cyclophilin inhibitors abolish this interaction. Upon infection, cyclophilin A stays evenly distributed throughout the cell, whereas cyclophilin B concentrates at ER-bleb-like structures. We further show the inhibitory potential of non-immunosuppressive CsA derivatives Alisporivir, NIM811, compound 3 on HCoV-229E-GFP and -Luciferase replication in human Huh-7.5 hepatoma cells at 18 and 48 h time points post infection with EC50 s at low micromolar ranges. Thus, non-immunosuppressive CsA derivatives effectively inhibit HCoV-229E replication suggesting them as possible candidates for the treatment of HCoV infection. The interruption of interaction between CypA and N protein by CsA and its derivatives suggest a mechanism how CypA inhibitors suppress viral replication., Highlights:, * HCoV-229E replication is inhibited by Alisporivir, NIM811 and other non-immunosuppressive Cyclosporin A derivatives., * HCoV-229E N protein interacts with cyclophilin A., * Cyclophilin A is required for coronavirus replication., * Cyclophilin B concentrates in bleb-like structures of the ER in HCoV-infected Huh7 cells., (C) 2020Elsevier, Inc.
JO  - Antiviral Research January
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 173
IS  - 
PG  - 104620
SP  - 104620
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=ovftu&AN=00078401-202001000-00001
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 Testing: Trials and Tribulations
AU  - Babiker, Ahmed M. D.
AU  - Myers, Charlie W. M. D.
AU  - Hill, Charles E. M. D. PhD
AU  - Guarner, Jeannette M. D.
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - As data emerged from the epicenter of the outbreak in Wuhan, China, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) designed a nucleic acid amplification test that targeted three independent regions of the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid gene (N1, N2, N3), in addition to the human ribonuclease P (RNase P) gene, which serves both as an internal amplification control and indicator of specimen adequacy. Importantly, detection of each target required a separate polymerase chain reaction (PCR), ie, four reactions were required for each specimen tested. This test received Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on February 4, 2020, with the limitation that it could be used only at the CDC. Given the limited test capacity, the CDC implemented a triage system in which only symptomatic patients with positive travel history or epidemiologic contacts (persons under investigation [PUI]) were tested.
JO  - American Journal of Clinical Pathology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=ovftu&AN=00000422-900000000-99546
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mesenchymal stem cell infusion shows promise for combating coronavirus (COVID-19)-induced pneumonia
AU  - Shetty, A. K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A new study published by the journal Aging & Disease reported that intravenous administration of clinical-grade human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) resulted in improved functional outcomes (Leng et al., Aging Dis, 11:216-228, 2020). This study demonstrated that intravenous infusion of MSCs is a safe and effective approach for treating patients with COVID-19 pneumonia, including elderly patients displaying severe pneumonia. COVID-19 is a severe acute respiratory illness caused by a new coronavirus named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Currently, treating COVID-19 patients, particularly those afflicted with severe pneumonia, is challenging as no specific drugs or vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 are available. Therefore, MSC therapy inhibiting the overactivation of the immune system and promoting endogenous repair by improving the lung microenvironment after the SARS-CoV-2 infection found in this study is striking. Additional studies in a larger cohort of patients are needed to validate this therapeutic intervention further, however.
JO  - Aging and Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 11
IS  - 2
PG  - 462-464
SP  - 462
EP  - 464
AN  - 
DO  - 10.14336/AD.2020.0301
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L631367648 http://dx.doi.org/10.14336/AD.2020.0301
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: A Call for Physical Scientists and Engineers
AU  - Huang, Haiyue
AU  - Fan, Chunhai
AU  - Li, Min
AU  - Nie, Hua-Li
AU  - Wang, Fu-Bing
AU  - Wang, Hui
AU  - Wang, Ruilan
AU  - Xia, Jianbo
AU  - Zheng, Xin
AU  - Zuo, Xiaolei
AU  - Huang, Jiaxing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 pandemic is one of those global challenges that transcends territorial, political, ideological, religious, cultural, and certainly academic boundaries. Public health and healthcare workers are at the frontline, working to contain and to mitigate the spread of this disease. Although intervening biological and immunological responses against viral infection may seem far from the physical sciences and engineering that typically work with inanimate objects, there actually is much that can—and should—be done to help in this global crisis. In this Perspective, we convert the basics of infectious respiratory diseases and viruses into physical sciences and engineering intuitions, and through this exercise, we present examples of questions, hypotheses, and research needs identified based on clinicians’ experiences. We hope researchers in the physical sciences and engineering will proactively study these challenges, develop new hypotheses, define new research areas, and work with biological researchers, healthcare, and public health professionals to create user-centered solutions and to inform the general public, so that we can better address the many challenges associated with the transmission and spread of infectious respiratory diseases.
JO  - ACS Nano
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1021/acsnano.0c02618
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.0c02618
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Estudo preliminar para avaliação de sintomas e medicamentos prevalentes do &quot;gênio epidêmico&quot; da pandemia de COVID-19 no Brasil
AU  - Dolce Filho, Rubens
AU  - Nechar, Rosana Ceribelli
AU  - Ribeiro Filho, Ariovaldo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Estamos no meio da pandemia do Covid-19, em franco desenvolvimento no Brasil. No momento há perspectivas terapêuticas medicamentosa sem fases iniciais de teste, especialmente para o tratamento dos casos graves, aqueles que implicam em internação ou encaminhamento para Unidades de Terapia Intensiva. Pouco tem sido abordado sobre tentativas de tratamento de pacientes com síndrome respiratória leve. Não há escolha terapêutica efetiva para o início do quadro e, desta forma, a doença cursa de acordo com a resposta imune ou suscetibilidade individual do acometido, e há muito pouco de efetivo e específico que altere a história natural dessa enfermidade. (AU)
JO  - 
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PG  - 21-21
SP  - 21
EP  - 21
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/b7y7w
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Prevenção ao Covid-19 no âmbito das equipes de consultórios na rua
AU  - Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Atenção Primária à, Saúde
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
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DO  - 
UR  - https://www.unasus.gov.br/especial/covid19/pdf/54 http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/c44az
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Equipamento de proteção individual e segurança no trabalho para profissionais de saúde da APS no atendimento às pessoas com suspeita ou infecção pelo novo coronavírus (Covid-19)
AU  - Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Atenção Primária à, Saúde
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
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DO  - 
UR  - https://www.unasus.gov.br/especial/covid19/pdf/67 http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/8emrd
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Protocolo de manejo clínico do Coronavírus (covid-19) na atenção primária à saúde: versão 6
AU  - Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Atenção Primária à, Saúde
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - No fim de 2019, o Novo Coronavírus foi nomeado como SARS-CoV-2. Este Novo Coronavírus produz a doença classificada como COVID-19, sendo agente causador de uma série de casos de pneumonia na cidade de Wuhan (China) [1]. Ainda não há informações plenas sobre a história natural, nem medidas de efetividade inquestionáveis para manejo clínico dos casos de infecção humana pelo SARS-CoV-2, restando ainda muitos detalhes a serem esclarecidos [1]. No entanto, sabe-se que o vírus tem alta transmissibilidade e provoca uma síndrome respiratória aguda que varia de casos leves ­ cerca de 80% ­ a casos muito graves com insuficiência respiratória ­entre 5% e 10% dos casos. Sua letalidade varia, principalmente, conforme a faixa etária (Quadro 1) e condições clínicas associadas. Portanto, é necessário agir. Para esse fim, as melhores e mais recentes evidências foram utilizadas na redação deste documento. Pela dinâmica da epidemia e da produção de conhecimento associada a ela, as informações podem sofrer alterações conforme avance o conhecimento sobre a doença. Dessa forma, este protocolo específico para serviços de Atenção Primária à Saúde / Estratégia Saúde da Família (APS/ESF) nos cenários de transmissão comunitária vai ser atualizado sempre que necessário. Fique atento a novas versões! A APS/ESF é a porta de entrada do Sistema Único de Saúde. Durante surtos e epidemias, a APS/ESF tem papel fundamental na resposta global à doença em questão. A APS/ESF oferece atendimento resolutivo, além de manter a longitudinalidade e a coordenação do cuidado em todos os níveis de atenção à saúde, com grande potencial de identificação precoce de casos graves que devem ser manejados em serviços especializados.O objetivo deste documento é definir o papel dos serviços de APS/ESF no manejo e controle da infecção COVID-19, bem como disponibilizar os instrumentos de orientação clínica para os profissionais que atuam na porta de entrada do SUS a partir da transmissão comunitária de CoVId-19 no Brasil. Considerando a existência de fase de transmissão comunitária da COVID-19, é imprescindível que os serviços de APS/ESF trabalhem com abordagem sindrômica do problema, não exigindo mais a identificação do fator etiológico por meio de exame específico. Desta forma, este protocolo foca na abordagem clínica da Síndrome Gripal e da Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave (SRAG), independentemente do agente etiológico. Como é de conhecimento de todos, múltiplos agentes virais são responsáveis por essas duas síndromes, sendo o vírus da Influenza o de maior magnitude nos últimos anos. Entretanto, há evidências e dados internacionais indicando que a transcendência da COVID-19 pode superar a da Influenza. Portanto, a abordagem pragmática deste protocolo unifica as condutas referentes a esses dois grupos de vírus.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
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IS  - 
PG  - 
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EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.unasus.gov.br/especial/covid19/pdf/37 http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/nrmef
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Fluxo de pacientes com sintomas respiratórios em unidades de urgência não hospitalares
AU  - Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Atenção Especializada à, Saúde
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.unasus.gov.br/especial/covid19/pdf/40 http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/wuybb
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Coronavírus CoViD-19: Fast-track para a atenção primária em locais com transmissão comunitária fluxo rápido
AU  - Brasil. Ministério da, Saúde
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.unasus.gov.br/especial/covid19/pdf/30 http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/vn4z2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Coronavírus CoViD-19: Fast-track de teleatendimento para a atenção primária
AU  - Brasil. Ministério da, Saúde
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.unasus.gov.br/especial/covid19/pdf/59 http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/b87x4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Editorial
AU  - Ewertsen, Caroline
PY  - 2019
PD  - 
N2  - Dear Colleagues, Europe is severely hit by the virus SARS-CoV-2 and most countries report increasing numbers of people affected by COVID-19. WHO has declared it a pandemic, many countries have introduced severe restrictions on travelling and thousands of people around Europe are in quarantine. Currently, the most severely affected European country is Italy, which also experienced some of the first European cases.
JO  - Ultrasound Int Open
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32259011
DO  - 10.1055/a-1044-7237
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Introduction to the special issue: Tumor antigens in the time of the coronavirus pandemic
AU  - Finn, Olivera J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Semin Immunol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32253110
DO  - 10.1016/j.smim.2020.101396
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical trials on drug repositioning for COVID-19 treatment
AU  - Rosa, Sandro G. Viveiros
AU  - Santos, Wilson C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The World Health Organization (WHO) was informed on December 2019 about a coronavirus pneumonia outbreak in Wuhan, Hubei province (China). Subsequently, on March 12, 2020, 125,048 cases and 4,614 deaths were reported. Coronavirus is an enveloped RNA virus, from the genus Betacoronavirus, that is distributed in birds, humans, and other mammals. WHO has named the novel coronavirus disease as COVID-19. More than 80 clinical trials have been launched to test coronavirus treatment, including some drug repurposing or repositioning for COVID-19. Hence, we performed a search in March 2020 of the clinicaltrials.gov database. The eligibility criteria for the retrieved studies were: contain a clinicaltrials.gov base identifier number; describe the number of participants and the period for the study; describe the participants' clinical conditions; and utilize interventions with medicines already studied or approved for any other disease in patients infected with the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (2019-nCoV). It is essential to emphasize that this article only captured trials listed in the clinicaltrials.gov database. We identified 24 clinical trials, involving more than 20 medicines, such as human immunoglobulin, interferons, chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, arbidol, remdesivir, favipiravir, lopinavir, ritonavir, oseltamivir, methylprednisolone, bevacizumab, and traditional Chinese medicines (TCM). Although drug repurposing has some limitations, repositioning clinical trials may represent an attractive strategy because they facilitate the discovery of new classes of medicines; they have lower costs and take less time to reach the market; and there are existing pharmaceutical supply chains for formulation and distribution.
JO  - Rev Panam Salud Publica
PB  - 
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VL  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32256547
DO  - 10.26633/RPSP.2020.40
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Urgent need for individual mobile phone and institutional reporting of at home, hospitalized, and intensive care unit cases of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) infection
AU  - McCullough, Peter A.
AU  - Eidt, John
AU  - Rangaswami, Janani
AU  - Lerma, Edgar
AU  - Tumlin, James
AU  - Wheelan, Kevin
AU  - Katz, Nevin
AU  - Lepor, Norman E.
AU  - Vijay, Kris
AU  - Soman, Sandeep
AU  - Singh, Bhupinder
AU  - McCullough, Sean P.
AU  - McCullough, Haley B.
AU  - Palazzuoli, Alberto
AU  - Ruocco, Gaetano M.
AU  - Ronco, Claudio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Approximately 90 days of the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) spreading originally from Wuhan, China, and across the globe has led to a widespread chain of events with imminent threats to the fragile relationship between community health and economic health. Despite near hourly reporting on this crisis, there has been no regular, updated, or accurate reporting of hospitalizations for COVID-19. It is known that many test-positive individuals may not develop symptoms or have a mild self-limited viral syndrome consisting of fever, malaise, dry cough, and constitutional symptoms. However some individuals develop a more fulminant syndrome including viral pneumonia, respiratory failure requiring oxygen, acute respiratory distress syndrome requiring mechanical ventilation, and in substantial fractions leading to death attributable to COVID-19. The pandemic is evolving in a clustered, non-inform fashion resulting in many hospitals with preparedness but few or no cases, and others that are completely overwhelmed. Thus, a considerable risk of spread when personal protection equipment becomes exhausted and a large fraction of mortality in those not offered mechanical ventilation are both attributable to a crisis due to maldistribution of resources. The pandemic is amenable to self-reporting through a mobile phone application that could obtain critical information on suspected cases and report on the results of self testing and actions taken. The only method to understand the clustering and the immediate hospital resource needs is mandatory, uniform, daily reporting of hospital censuses of COVID-19 cases admitted to hospital wards and intensive care units. Current reports of hospitalizations are delayed, uncertain, and wholly inadequate. This paper urges all the relevant stakeholders to take up self-reporting and reporting of hospitalizations of COVID-19 as an urgent task in combating this devastating pandemic.
JO  - Rev Cardiovasc Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32259899
DO  - 10.31083/j.rcm.2020.01.42
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - KCDC Risk Assessments on the Initial Phase of the COVID-19 Outbreak in Korea
AU  - Kim, Inho
AU  - Lee, Jia
AU  - Lee, Jihee
AU  - Shin, Eensuk
AU  - Chu, Chaeshin
AU  - Lee, Seon Kui
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the risk assessments of coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) in the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC), from the point of detection to the provision of basic information to the relevant public health authorities. Methods: To estimate the overall risk of specific public health events, probability, and impact at the country-level were evaluated using available information. To determine the probability of particular public health events, the risk of importation and risk of transmission were taken into consideration. KCDC used 5 levels ("very low," "low," "moderate," "high," and "very high") for each category and overall risk was eventually decided. Results: A total of 8 risk assessments were performed on 8 separate occasions between January 8(th) to February 28(th), 2020, depending on the detection and report of COVID-19 cases in other countries. The overall risk of the situation in each assessment increased in severity over this period: "low" (first), "moderate" (second), "high" (third), "high" (fourth), "high" (fifth), "high" (sixth), "high" (seventh), and "very high" (eighth). Conclusion: The KCDC's 8 risk assessments were utilized to activate national emergency response mechanisms and eventually prepare for the pandemic to ensure the containment and mitigation of COVID-19 with non-pharmaceutical public health measures.
JO  - Osong Public Health Res Perspect
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32257771
DO  - 10.24171/j.phrp.2020.11.2.02
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cross-Country Comparison of Case Fatality Rates of COVID-19/SARS-COV-2
AU  - Khafaie, Morteza Abdullatif
AU  - Rahim, Fakher
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objectives: Case fatality rates (CFR) and recovery rates are important readouts during epidemics and pandemics. In this article, an international analysis was performed on the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods: Data were retrieved from accurate databases according to the user's guide of data sources for patient registries, CFR and recovery rates were calculated for each country. A comparison of CFR between countries with total cases >/= 1,000 was observed for 12(th) and 23(rd) March. Results: Italy's CFR was the highest of all countries studied for both time points (12(th) March, 6.22% versus 23(rd) March, 9.26%). The data showed that even though Italy was the only European country reported on 12(rd) March, Spain and France had the highest CFR of 6.16 and 4.21%, respectively, on 23(rd) March, which was strikingly higher than the overall CFR of 3.61%. Conclusion: Obtaining detailed and accurate medical history from COVID-19 patients, and analyzing CFR alongside the recovery rate, may enable the identification of the highest risk areas so that efficient medical care may be provided. This may lead to the development of point-of-care tools to help clinicians in stratifying patients based on possible requirements in the level of care, to increase the probabilities of survival from COVID-19 disease.
JO  - Osong Public Health Res Perspect
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32257772
DO  - 10.24171/j.phrp.2020.11.2.03
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Disease-19: Summary of 2,370 Contact Investigations of the First 30 Cases in the Republic of Korea
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Between January 24(th) and March 10(th), a total of 2,370 individuals had contact with the first 30 cases of COVID-19. There were 13 individuals who contracted COVID-19 resulting in a secondary attack rate of 0.55% (95% CI 0.31-0.96). There were 119 household contacts, of which 9 individuals developed COVID-19 resulting in a secondary attack rate of 7.56% (95% CI 3.7-14.26).
JO  - Osong Public Health Res Perspect
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32257773
DO  - 10.24171/j.phrp.2020.11.2.04
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Disease-19: The First 7,755 Cases in the Republic of Korea
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We report the first 7,755 patients with confirmed COVID-19 in Korea as of March 12(th), 2020. A total of 66 deaths have been recorded, giving a case fatality proportion of 0.9%. Older people, and those with comorbidities were at a higher risk of a fatal outcome. The highest number of cases of COVID-19 were in Daegu, followed by Gyeongbuk. This summary may help to understand the disease dynamics in the early phase of the COVID-19 outbreaks, and may therefore, guide future public health measures.
JO  - Osong Public Health Res Perspect
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32257774
DO  - 10.24171/j.phrp.2020.11.2.05
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - High-Dose Intravenous Immunoglobulin as a Therapeutic Option for Deteriorating Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019
AU  - Cao, Wei
AU  - Liu, Xiaosheng
AU  - Bai, Tao
AU  - Fan, Hongwei
AU  - Hong, Ke
AU  - Song, Hui
AU  - Han, Yang
AU  - Lin, Ling
AU  - Ruan, Lianguo
AU  - Li, Taisheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread rapidly in China. Until now, no definite effective treatment has been identified. We reported on 3 patients with severe COVID-19 who received high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) with satisfactory recovery. Based on these observations, randomized studies of high-dose IVIg should be considered in deteriorating patients infected with COVID-19.
JO  - Open Forum Infect Dis
PB  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32258207
DO  - 10.1093/ofid/ofaa102
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - New threat: 2019 novel Coronavirus infection and infection control perspective in Turkey
AU  - Kilic, Aysegul Ulu
AU  - Kara, Fatih
AU  - Alp, Emine
AU  - Doganay, Mehmet
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - North Clin Istanb
PB  - 
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IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32259028
DO  - 10.14744/nci.2020.38159
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Pandemic: Public Health Implications in Nepal
AU  - Asim, Mohammad
AU  - Sathian, Brijesh
AU  - van Teijlingen, Edwin
AU  - Mekkodathil, Ahammed
AU  - Subramanya, Supram Hosuru
AU  - Simkhada, Padam
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nepal J Epidemiol
PB  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32257511
DO  - 10.3126/nje.v10i1.28269
UR  - 
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Evidence synthesis relevant to COVID-19: a protocol for multiple systematic reviews and overviews of systematic reviews
AU  - Rada, Gabriel
AU  - Verdugo-Paiva, Francisca
AU  - Avila, Camila
AU  - Morel-Marambio, Macarena
AU  - Bravo-Jeria, Rocio
AU  - Pesce, Franco
AU  - Madrid, Eva
AU  - Izcovich, Ariel
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Introduction: The evidence on COVID-19 is being produced at high speed, so it is challenging for decision-makers to keep up. It seems appropriate, then, to put into practice a novel approach able to provide the scientific community and other interested parties with quality evidence that is actionable, and rapidly and efficiently produced. Methods and analysis: We designed a protocol for multiple parallel systematic reviews and overviews of systematic reviews in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA-P). We will search for primary studies and systematic reviews that answer different questions related to COVID-19 using both a centralized repository (Epistemonikos database) and a manual search in MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. We will also search for literature in several other sources. At least two researchers will independently undertake the selection of studies, data extraction, and assessment of the quality of the included studies. We will synthesize data for each question using meta-analysis, when possible, and we will prepare Summary of Findings tables according to the GRADE approach. All the evidence will be organized in an open platform (L.OVE - Living OVerview of Evidence) that will be continuously updated using artificial intelligence and a broad network of experts. Ethics and dissemination: No ethics approval is considered necessary. The results of these articles will be widely disseminated via peer-reviewed publications, social networks, and traditional media, and will be sent to relevant international organizations discussing this topic.
JO  - Medwave
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32255438
DO  - 10.5867/medwave.2020.03.7867
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - When will the battle against novel coronavirus end in Wuhan: A SEIR modeling analysis
AU  - Wan, Kangkang
AU  - Chen, Jing
AU  - Lu, Changming
AU  - Dong, Lanlan
AU  - Wu, Zhicheng
AU  - Zhang, Lianglu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background: Recent outbreak of 2019-nCoV in Wuhan raised serious public health concerns. By February 15, 2020 in Wuhan, the total number of confirmed infection cases has reached 37 914, and the number of deaths has reached 1123, accounting for 56.9% of the total confirmed cases and 73.7% of the total deaths in China. People are eager to know when the epidemic will be completely controlled and when people's work and life will be on the right track. Method: In this study we analyzed the epidemic dynamics and trend of 2019-nCoV in Wuhan by using the data after the closure of Wuhan city till February 12, 2020 based on the SEIR modeling method. Results: The optimal parameters were estimated as R0 = 1.44 (interquartile range: 1.40-1.47), TI = 14 (interquartile range = 14-14) and TE = 3.0 (interquartile range = 2.8-3.1). Based on these parameters, the number of infected individuals in Wuhan city may reach the peak around February 19 at about 47 000 people. Once entering March, the epidemic would gradually decline, and end around the late March. It is worth noting that the above prediction is based on the assumption that the number of susceptible population N = 200 000 will not increase. If the epidemic situation is not properly controlled, the peak of infected number can be further increased and the peak time will be a little postponed. It was expected that the epidemic would subside in early March, and disappear gradually towards the late March. Conclusions: The epidemic situation of 2019-nCoV in Wuhan was effectively controlled after the closure of the city, and the disease transmission index also decreased significantly. It is expected that the peak of epidemic situation would be reached in late February and end in March.
JO  - J Glob Health
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32257174
DO  - 10.7189/jogh.10.011002
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A cascade of causes that led to the COVID-19 tragedy in Italy and in other European Union countries
AU  - Rudan, Igor
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Glob Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32257150
DO  - 10.7189/jogh-10-010335
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - An evidence-based framework for priority clinical research questions for COVID-19
AU  - Harris, Carlyn
AU  - Carson, Gail
AU  - Baillie, J. Kenneth
AU  - Horby, Peter
AU  - Nair, Harish
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background: On 31 December, 2019, the World Health Organization China Country Office was informed of cases of pneumonia of unknown aetiology. Since then, there have been over 75 000 cases globally of the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19), 2000 deaths, and over 14 000 cases recovered. Outbreaks of novel agents represent opportunities for clinical research to inform real-time public health action. In 2018, we conducted a systematic review to identify priority research questions for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-related coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome-related coronavirus (MERS-CoV). Here, we review information available on COVID-19 and provide an evidenced-based framework for priority clinical research in the current outbreak. Methods: Three bibliographic databases were searched to identify clinical studies published on SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV in the outbreak setting. Studies were grouped thematically according to clinical research questions addressed. In February 2020, available information on COVID19 was reviewed and compared to the results of the SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV systematic review. Results: From the research objectives for SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, ten themes in the literature were identified: Clinical characterisation, prognosis, diagnosis, clinical management, viral pathogenesis, epidemiological characterisation, infection prevention and control/transmission, susceptibility, psychosocial, and aetiology. For COVID19, some information on clinical presentation, diagnostic testing, and aetiology is available but many clinical research gaps have yet to be filled. Conclusions: Based on a systematic review of other severe coronaviruses, we summarise the state of clinical research for COVID-19, highlight the research gaps, and provide recommendations for the implementation of standardised protocols. Data based on internationally standardised protocols will inform clinical practice real-time.
JO  - J Glob Health
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32257173
DO  - 10.7189/jogh.10-011001
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and treatment with NSAIDs and corticosteroids: should we be limiting their use in the clinical setting?
AU  - Russell, Beth
AU  - Moss, Charlotte
AU  - Rigg, Anne
AU  - Van Hemelrijck, Mieke
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Given the current SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic, the availability of reliable information for clinicians and patients is paramount. There have been a number of reports stating that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and corticosteroids may exacerbate symptoms in COVID-19 patients. Therefore, this review aimed to collate information available in published articles to identify any evidence behind these claims with the aim of advising clinicians on how best to treat patients. This review found no published evidence for or against the use of NSAIDs in COVID-19 patients. Meanwhile, there appeared to be some evidence that corticosteroids may be beneficial if utilised in the early acute phase of infection, however, conflicting evidence from the World Health Organisation surrounding corticosteroid use in certain viral infections means this evidence is not conclusive. Given the current availability of literature, caution should be exercised until further evidence emerges surrounding the use of NSAIDs and corticosteroids in COVID-19 patients.
JO  - Ecancermedicalscience
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32256706
DO  - 10.3332/ecancer.2020.1023
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Associations between immune-suppressive and stimulating drugs and novel COVID-19-a systematic review of current evidence
AU  - Russell, Beth
AU  - Moss, Charlotte
AU  - George, Gincy
AU  - Santaolalla, Aida
AU  - Cope, Andrew
AU  - Papa, Sophie
AU  - Van Hemelrijck, Mieke
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background: Cancer and transplant patients with COVID-19 have a higher risk of developing severe and even fatal respiratory diseases, especially as they may be treated with immune-suppressive or immune-stimulating drugs. This review focuses on the effects of these drugs on host immunity against COVID-19. Methods: Using Ovid MEDLINE, we reviewed current evidence for immune-suppressing or -stimulating drugs: cytotoxic chemotherapy, low-dose steroids, tumour necrosis factoralpha (TNFalpha) blockers, interlukin-6 (IL-6) blockade, Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors, IL-1 blockade, mycophenolate, tacrolimus, anti-CD20 and CTLA4-Ig. Results: 89 studies were included. Cytotoxic chemotherapy has been shown to be a specific inhibitor for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in in vitro studies, but no specific studies exist as of yet for COVID-19. No conclusive evidence for or against the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in the treatment of COVID-19 patients is available, nor is there evidence indicating that TNFalpha blockade is harmful to patients in the context of COVID-19. COVID-19 has been observed to induce a pro-inflammatory cytokine generation and secretion of cytokines, such as IL-6, but there is no evidence of the beneficial impact of IL-6 inhibitors on the modulation of COVID-19. Although there are potential targets in the JAK-STAT pathway that can be manipulated in treatment for coronaviruses and it is evident that IL-1 is elevated in patients with a coronavirus, there is currently no evidence for a role of these drugs in treatment of COVID-19. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to challenging decision-making about treatment of critically unwell patients. Low-dose prednisolone and tacrolimus may have beneficial impacts on COVID-19. The mycophenolate mofetil picture is less clear, with conflicting data from pre-clinical studies. There is no definitive evidence that specific cytotoxic drugs, low-dose methotrexate for auto-immune disease, NSAIDs, JAK kinase inhibitors or anti-TNFalpha agents are contraindicated. There is clear evidence that IL-6 peak levels are associated with severity of pulmonary complications.
JO  - Ecancermedicalscience
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32256705
DO  - 10.3332/ecancer.2020.1022
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Sharing Our Experience of Operating an Endoscopy Unit in the Midst of a COVID-19 Outbreak
AU  - Han, Jimin
AU  - Kim, Eun Young
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clin Endosc
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32252508
DO  - 10.5946/ce.2020.076
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Suspected acute abdomen as an extrapulmonary manifestation of Covid-19 infection
AU  - Blanco-Colino, Ruth
AU  - Vilallonga, Ramon
AU  - Martin, Rocio
AU  - Petrola, Carlos
AU  - Armengol, Manuel
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Cir Esp
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32252978
DO  - 10.1016/j.ciresp.2020.03.006
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Surgical Management of Patients With COVID-19 Infection. Recommendations of the Spanish Association of Surgeons
AU  - Balibrea, Jose Mose
AU  - Badia, Josep Mose
AU  - Rubio Perez, Ines
AU  - Martin Antona, Esteban
AU  - Alvarez Pena, Estibaliz
AU  - Garcia Botella, Sandra
AU  - Alvarez Gallego, Mario
AU  - Martin Perez, Elena
AU  - Martinez Cortijo, Sagrario
AU  - Pascual Miguelanez, Isabel
AU  - Perez Diaz, Lola
AU  - Ramos Rodriguez, Jose Luis
AU  - Espin Basany, Eloy
AU  - Sanchez Santos, Raquel
AU  - Soria Aledo, Victoriano
AU  - Lopez Barrachina, Ruth
AU  - Morales-Conde, Salvador
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Due to the current pandemic of respiratory disease known as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, many patients with confirmed or suspected COVID-19 infection will require elective surgery, surgery that cannot be postponed, or emergency surgical treatment. In these situations, special measures need to be adopted in order to minimize the possibility of transmission between patients, exposure of healthcare personnel and the development of postoperative complications. This document explains the main principles to consider when managing confirmed or suspected COVID-19 patients during evaluation as well as when surgical treatment is required.
JO  - Cir Esp
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32252979
DO  - 10.1016/j.ciresp.2020.03.001
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Contributions and challenges of general practitioners in China fighting against the novel coronavirus crisis
AU  - Li, Donald Kwok Tung
AU  - Zhu, Shanzhu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Fam Med Community Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32257058
DO  - 10.1136/fmch-2020-000361
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid 19 pandemic and gynaecological laparoscopic surgery: knowns and unknowns
AU  - Mallick, R.
AU  - Odejinmi, F.
AU  - Clark, T. J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The worldwide impact of COVID 19 continues to be felt as hospitals in all countries reduce elective and non-urgent cases to allow staffing and resources to be deployed elsewhere. Urgent gynaecological and cancer procedures are continuing, and it is imperative all theatre staff are protected and risks of SARS-CoV-2 viral transmission reduced when operating on asymptomatic, suspected or confirmed COVID 19 patients. In particular, there are concerns relating to the transmission of COVID 19 during gynaecological laparoscopic surgery, arising from the potential generation of SARS-CoV-2 contaminated aerosols from CO2 leakage and the creation of smoke from the use of energy devices. The aim of this paper is to review all the up to date evidence, including experiences from China and Italy, to guide the safe management of such patients when undergoing gynaecological procedures.
JO  - Facts Views Vis Obgyn
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32259155
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: UK government writes off pound13.4bn of hospital debts to ease pressures
AU  - Iacobucci, Gareth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32253181
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1407
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 virus and children: What do we know?
AU  - Morand, A.
AU  - Fabre, A.
AU  - Minodier, P.
AU  - Boutin, A.
AU  - Vanel, N.
AU  - Bosdure, E.
AU  - Fournier, P. E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Arch Pediatr
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32253003
DO  - 10.1016/j.arcped.2020.03.001
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) and Pediatric Patients: A Review of Epidemiology, Symptomatology, Laboratory and Imaging Results to Guide the Development of a Management Algorithm
AU  - Hasan, Ali
AU  - Mehmood, Noormah
AU  - Fergie, Jamie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has been declared a worldwide pandemic. Compared to adults, there has been a significantly smaller number of reported cases of COVID-19 in the pediatric population, although the incidence is increasing every day. This article looks to review specific epidemiological factors, symptomatology, laboratory and imaging workup, and other relevant metrics derived from the limited published literature that are specific to the pediatric population, to provide a review for the pediatric practitioner and guide, in part, the creation of a clinical algorithm for the management of COVID-19 in the pediatric population that can be utilized by pediatric institutions.
JO  - Cureus
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32257728
DO  - 10.7759/cureus.7485
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: Emergency Medicine Physician Empowered to Shape Perspectives on This Public Health Crisis
AU  - Gaeta, Christopher
AU  - Brennessel, Ryan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019) has sparked a remarkable public response in the United States. The following publication highlights the integral role that Emergency Medicine (EM) providers are afforded as a result of the public health circumstances. By embracing the unique outlet of direct patient coordination of care, EM providers can correct public misconceptions and promote more appropriate social distancing practices to the greater community.
JO  - Cureus
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32257730
DO  - 10.7759/cureus.7504
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - ACE2 the Janus-faced protein - from cardiovascular protection to severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus and COVID-19
AU  - Touyz, Rhian M.
AU  - Li, Hongliang
AU  - Delles, Christian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is the major enzyme responsible for conversion of Ang II into Ang-(1-7). It also acts as the receptor for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-coronavirus (CoV)-2, which causes Coronavirus Disease (COVID)-19. In recognition of the importance of ACE2 and to celebrate 20 years since its discovery, the journal will publish a focused issue on the basic science and (patho)physiological role of this multifunctional protein.
JO  - Clin Sci (Lond)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32255491
DO  - 10.1042/CS20200363
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The occurrence of diarrhea in COVID-19 patients
AU  - Li, Xiang-Yu
AU  - Dai, Wei-Jie
AU  - Wu, Shang-Nong
AU  - Yang, Xiao-Zhong
AU  - Wang, Hong-Gang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32253163
DO  - 10.1016/j.clinre.2020.03.017
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Laboratory Parameters in Detection of COVID-19 Patients with Positive RT-PCR; a Diagnostic Accuracy Study
AU  - Mardani, Rajab
AU  - Ahmadi Vasmehjani, Abbas
AU  - Zali, Fatemeh
AU  - Gholami, Alireza
AU  - Mousavi Nasab, Seyed Dawood
AU  - Kaghazian, Hooman
AU  - Kaviani, Mehdi
AU  - Ahmadi, Nayebali
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Introduction: The role of laboratory parameters in screening of COVID-19 cases has not been definitely established. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of laboratory parameters in predicting cases with positive RT-PCR for COVID-19. Methods: This diagnostic accuracy study was conducted on suspected COVID-19 patients, who presented to Behpooyan Clinic Medical center in Tehran (Iran) from 22 February to 14 March, 2020. Patients were divided into two groups based on the results of real time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for COVID-19, and the accuracy of different laboratory parameters in predicting cases with positive RT-PCR was evaluated using area under the ROC curve (AUC). Results: Two hundred cases with the mean age of 41.3+/- 14.6 (range: 19-78) years were studied (0.53% male). The result of RT-PCR for COVID-19 was positive in 70 (35%) cases. Patients with positive RT-PCR had significantly higher neutrophil (NEU) count (p = 0.0001), and C-reactive protein (CRP) (p = 0.04), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (p = 0.0001), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (p = 0.001), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (p = 0.0001), and Urea (p = 0.001) levels in serum. In addition, patients with positive RT-PCR had lower white blood cell (WBC) count (p = 0.0001) and serum albumin level (p = 0.0001) compared to others. ALT (AUC = 0.879), CRP (AUC = 0.870), NEU (AUC = 0.858), LDH (AUC = 0.835), and Urea (AUC = 0.835) had very good accuracy in predicting cases with positive RT-PCR for COVID-19, respectively. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that level of LDH, CRP, ALT and NEU can be used to predict the result of COVID-19 test. They can help in detection of COVID-19 patients.
JO  - Arch Acad Emerg Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32259132
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemiological and Clinical Aspects of COVID-19; a Narrative Review
AU  - Kolifarhood, Goodarz
AU  - Aghaali, Mohammad
AU  - Mozafar Saadati, Hossein
AU  - Taherpour, Niloufar
AU  - Rahimi, Sajjad
AU  - Izadi, Neda
AU  - Hashemi Nazari, Seyed Saeed
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - There are significant misconceptions and many obstacles in the way of illuminating the epidemiological and clinical aspects of COVID-19 as a new emerging epidemic. In addition, usefulness of some evidence published in the context of the recent epidemic for decision making in clinic as well as public health is questionable. However, misinterpreting or ignoring strong evidence in clinical practice and public health probably results in less effective and somehow more harmful decisions for individuals as well as subgroups in general populations of countries in the initial stages of this epidemic. Accordingly, our narrative review appraised epidemiological and clinical aspects of the disease including genetic diversity of coronavirus genus, mode of transmission, incubation period, infectivity, pathogenicity, virulence, immunogenicity, diagnosis, surveillance, clinical case management and also successful measures for preventing its spread in some communities.
JO  - Arch Acad Emerg Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32259130
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Metronidazole; a Potential Novel Addition to the COVID-19 Treatment Regimen
AU  - Gharebaghi, Reza
AU  - Heidary, Fatemeh
AU  - Moradi, Mohammad
AU  - Parvizi, Maryam
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 or COVID-19 has rapidly emerged as a global pandemic. This viral infection involves the upper respiratory tract and could lead to severe pneumonia with respiratory distress or even death. Certain studies have found higher initial plasma levels of most pro-inflammatory cytokines during the course of the infection. In this context, both in vitro and in vivo studies have revealed that metronidazole could decrease the levels of several cytokines, which are known to increase during the COVID-19 infection, including interleukin (IL)8, IL6, IL1B, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)alpha, IL12, IL1alpha, and interferon (IFN)gamma, as well as the levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and neutrophil count. Furthermore, the drug could decrease neutrophil-generated reactive oxygen species during inflammation. Metronidazole could counteract majority of the immunopathological manifestations of the COVID-19 infection. Therefore, studies with a large sample size are required to determine the efficacy of metronidazole in the treatment of COVID-19 infection.
JO  - Arch Acad Emerg Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32259129
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Daily Situation Report on Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Iran; March 14, 2020
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - After detection of the first confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Iran, the National Committee on COVID-19 Epidemiology in Ministry of Health and Medical Education was established. This Committee is official source of gathering, analyzing, and reporting the COVID-19 data in Iran. The data of all sources in the country including, medical care monitoring center (MCMC), Hospitals' Information Systems (HIS), Laboratory portal, the data of the center for communicable disease control (MOH), as well as the data from community health centers are integrated and used in this regards. This factsheet contain daily situation report on coronavirus disease (covid-19) in Iran; March 14, 2020.
JO  - Arch Acad Emerg Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32259119
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Daily Situation Report on Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Iran; March 15, 2020
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - After detection of the first confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Iran, the National Committee on COVID-19 Epidemiology in Ministry of Health and Medical Education was established. This Committee is official source of gathering, analyzing, and reporting the COVID-19 data in Iran. The data of all sources in the country including, medical care monitoring center (MCMC), Hospitals' Information Systems (HIS), Laboratory portal, the data of the center for communicable disease control (MOH), as well as the data from community health centers are integrated and used in this regards. This factsheet contain daily situation report on coronavirus disease (covid-19) in Iran; March 15, 2020.
JO  - Arch Acad Emerg Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32259120
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Daily Situation Report on Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Iran; March 16, 2020
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - After detection of the first confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Iran, the National Committee on COVID-19 Epidemiology in Ministry of Health and Medical Education was established. This Committee is official source of gathering, analyzing, and reporting the COVID-19 data in Iran. The data of all sources in the country including, medical care monitoring center (MCMC), Hospitals' Information Systems (HIS), Laboratory portal, the data of the center for communicable disease control (MOH), as well as the data from community health centers are integrated and used in this regards. This factsheet contain daily situation report on coronavirus disease (covid-19) in Iran; March 16, 2020.
JO  - Arch Acad Emerg Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32259121
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Daily Situation Report on Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Iran; March 17, 2020
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The main strategy of the Ministry of Health (MOH) for the control of COVID-19 is active case finding using electronic tools, taking advantage of the capacity of the national primary health care (PHC) network, and community engagement. To accomplish this, all people are asked to participate in the screening process using the MOH's self-assessment portal (salamat.gov.ir). Health workers and public volunteers actively contact suspected cases using information recorded in this portal, as well as the electronic health record (SIB portal). They actively evaluate individuals, follow-up them, and provide them with necessary information. Where needed, clients are referred to 16-hour treatment clinics, which are specifically set up for the diagnosis and treatment of the disease, to the hospitals, or will be treated at home. The preliminary results of this national campaign (launched nationwide last week) is provided in this factsheet.
JO  - Arch Acad Emerg Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32259123
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Daily Situation Report on Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Iran; March 22, 2020
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - To forecast the COVID-19 epidemic trend in Iran, a set of dynamic models were created. In these models, the effect of climate and community behavior change on the reproductive number is modeled. A baseline scenario is also defined as letting the epidemic grow naturally, with no prevention/control interventions. Different levels of intervention are also defined based on the extent of population isolation. Outcomes of each scenario on the number of infected cases are computed. Modeling results shows that if effective isolation occurs in 10% of the population, 307,000 individuals will be infected with COVID-19 in Iran by May 20, 2020. For an isolation rate of 25%, started since March 10, 2020, cumulative number of deaths will be 13,450 individuals by May 20, 2020. If preventive efforts can reach a 32% effective isolation rate, a considerable decrease in the number of new cases would be expected during April and May, and the total number of deaths would decrease to 8,630. If the isolation rate increases to 40%, the total number of infected individuals is expected to be 6,030 individuals. It should be acknowledged that this model predicts the number of deaths of all COVID-19 cases, including those who will not be confirmed as COVID-19, because of non-testing or death prior to COVID-19 identification. This serious health issue requires both long-term and short-term planning and arrangements. Social distancing, and identification and isolation of suspected and confirmed cases are believed to be the most important and effective control measure, and should be strengthened soon. For further details on the methodology and results of these models, please visit: http://corona.behdasht.gov.ir/files/site1/files/Covid_Modeling_V14_26.12.98.pdf.
JO  - Arch Acad Emerg Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32259124
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Daily Situation Report on Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Iran; March 23, 2020
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - After detection of the first confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Iran, the National Committee on COVID-19 Epidemiology in Ministry of Health and Medical Education was established. This Committee is official source of gathering, analyzing, and reporting the COVID-19 data in Iran. The data of all sources in the country including, medical care monitoring center (MCMC), Hospitals' Information Systems (HIS), Laboratory portal, the data of the center for communicable disease control (MOH), as well as the data from community health centers are integrated and used in this regards. This factsheet contain daily situation report on coronavirus disease (covid-19) in Iran; March 23, 2020.
JO  - Arch Acad Emerg Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32259126
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Daily Situation Report on Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Iran; March 25, 2020
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - After detection of the first confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Iran, the National Committee on COVID-19 Epidemiology in Ministry of Health and Medical Education was established. This Committee is official source of gathering, analyzing, and reporting the COVID-19 data in Iran. The data of all sources in the country including, medical care monitoring center (MCMC), Hospitals' Information Systems (HIS), Laboratory portal, the data of the center for communicable disease control (MOH), as well as the data from community health centers are integrated and used in this regards. This factsheet contain daily situation report on coronavirus disease (covid-19) in Iran; March 25, 2020.
JO  - Arch Acad Emerg Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32259127
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Coronavirus disease 2019 : More safety through compact facts and recommendantions for action]
AU  - Zoller, M.
AU  - Irlbeck, M.
AU  - Zwissler, B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Anaesthesist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32253484
DO  - 10.1007/s00101-020-00761-2
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Transplantation of ACE2(-) Mesenchymal Stem Cells Improves the Outcome of Patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia
AU  - Leng, Zikuan
AU  - Zhu, Rongjia
AU  - Hou, Wei
AU  - Feng, Yingmei
AU  - Yang, Yanlei
AU  - Han, Qin
AU  - Shan, Guangliang
AU  - Meng, Fanyan
AU  - Du, Dongshu
AU  - Wang, Shihua
AU  - Fan, Junfen
AU  - Wang, Wenjing
AU  - Deng, Luchan
AU  - Shi, Hongbo
AU  - Li, Hongjun
AU  - Hu, Zhongjie
AU  - Zhang, Fengchun
AU  - Gao, Jinming
AU  - Liu, Hongjian
AU  - Li, Xiaoxia
AU  - Zhao, Yangyang
AU  - Yin, Kan
AU  - He, Xijing
AU  - Gao, Zhengchao
AU  - Wang, Yibin
AU  - Yang, Bo
AU  - Jin, Ronghua
AU  - Stambler, Ilia
AU  - Lim, Lee Wei
AU  - Su, Huanxing
AU  - Moskalev, Alexey
AU  - Cano, Antonio
AU  - Chakrabarti, Sasanka
AU  - Min, Kyung-Jin
AU  - Ellison-Hughes, Georgina
AU  - Caruso, Calogero
AU  - Jin, Kunlin
AU  - Zhao, Robert Chunhua
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A coronavirus (HCoV-19) has caused the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak in Wuhan, China. Preventing and reversing the cytokine storm may be the key to save the patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been shown to possess a comprehensive powerful immunomodulatory function. This study aims to investigate whether MSC transplantation improves the outcome of 7 enrolled patients with COVID-19 pneumonia in Beijing YouAn Hospital, China, from Jan 23, 2020 to Feb 16, 2020. The clinical outcomes, as well as changes of inflammatory and immune function levels and adverse effects of 7 enrolled patients were assessed for 14 days after MSC injection. MSCs could cure or significantly improve the functional outcomes of seven patients without observed adverse effects. The pulmonary function and symptoms of these seven patients were significantly improved in 2 days after MSC transplantation. Among them, two common and one severe patient were recovered and discharged in 10 days after treatment. After treatment, the peripheral lymphocytes were increased, the C-reactive protein decreased, and the overactivated cytokine-secreting immune cells CXCR3+CD4+ T cells, CXCR3+CD8+ T cells, and CXCR3+ NK cells disappeared in 3-6 days. In addition, a group of CD14+CD11c+CD11b(mid) regulatory DC cell population dramatically increased. Meanwhile, the level of TNF-alpha was significantly decreased, while IL-10 increased in MSC treatment group compared to the placebo control group. Furthermore, the gene expression profile showed MSCs were ACE2(-) and TMPRSS2(-) which indicated MSCs are free from COVID-19 infection. Thus, the intravenous transplantation of MSCs was safe and effective for treatment in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia, especially for the patients in critically severe condition.
JO  - Aging Dis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32257537
DO  - 10.14336/AD.2020.0228
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Susceptibility of ferrets, cats, dogs, and other domesticated animals to SARS–coronavirus 2
AU  - Shi, Jianzhong
AU  - Wen, Zhiyuan
AU  - Zhong, Gongxun
AU  - Yang, Huanliang
AU  - Wang, Chong
AU  - Huang, Baoying
AU  - Liu, Renqiang
AU  - He, Xijun
AU  - Shuai, Lei
AU  - Sun, Ziruo
AU  - Zhao, Yubo
AU  - Liu, Peipei
AU  - Liang, Libin
AU  - Cui, Pengfei
AU  - Wang, Jinliang
AU  - Zhang, Xianfeng
AU  - Guan, Yuntao
AU  - Tan, Wenjie
AU  - Wu, Guizhen
AU  - Chen, Hualan
AU  - Bu, Zhigao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes the infectious disease COVID-19, which was first reported in Wuhan, China in December, 2019. Despite the tremendous efforts to control the disease, COVID-19 has now spread to over 100 countries and caused a global pandemic. SARS-CoV-2 is thought to have originated in bats; however, the intermediate animal sources of the virus are completely unknown. Here, we investigated the susceptibility of ferrets and animals in close contact with humans to SARS-CoV-2. We found that SARS-CoV-2 replicates poorly in dogs, pigs, chickens, and ducks, but ferrets and cats are permissive to infection. We found experimentally that cats are susceptible to airborne infection. Our study provides important insights into the animal models for SARS-CoV-2 and animal management for COVID-19 control.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - eabb7015
SP  - eabb7015
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb7015
UR  - https://science.sciencemag.org/content/sci/early/2020/04/07/science.abb7015.full.pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Effective containment explains subexponential growth in recent confirmed COVID-19 cases in China
AU  - Maier, Benjamin F.
AU  - Brockmann, Dirk
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The recent outbreak of COVID-19 in Mainland China was characterized by a distinctive subexponential increase of confirmed cases during the early phase of the epidemic, contrasting an initial exponential growth expected for an unconstrained outbreak. We show that this effect can be explained as a direct consequence of containment policies that effectively deplete the susceptible population. To this end, we introduce a parsimonious model that captures both, quarantine of symptomatic infected individuals as well as population-wide isolation practices in response to containment policies or behavioral changes and show that the model captures the observed growth behavior accurately. The insights provided here may aid the careful implementation of containment strategies for ongoing secondary outbreaks of COVID-19 or similar future outbreaks of other emergent infectious diseases.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - eabb4557
SP  - eabb4557
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb4557
UR  - https://science.sciencemag.org/content/sci/early/2020/04/07/science.abb4557.full.pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Social scientists scramble to study pandemic, in real time
AU  - Cornwall, Warren
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - If pandemic lockdowns have people feeling a bit like lab rats stuck in cages, in some ways that’s exactly what they are. As the coronavirus touches on virtually every part of life around the globe, social scientists are rushing to suck up real-time data on how people are responding to the unfolding pandemic. Economists are gathering data about supply chains. Political scientists are scrutinizing how government responses track with ideology. Psychologists are monitoring children in after-school programs. Behavioral scientists are surveying thousands of people to see how they respond to information in a crisis.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abc1536
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/04/social-scientists-scramble-study-pandemic-real-time
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - ‘We will have many body bags.’ WHO chief responds to Trump’s criticisms
AU  - Cohen, Jon
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The head of the World Health Organization today gave an impassioned but indirect rejoinder to recent comments from U.S. President Donald Trump criticizing WHO’s handling of the coronavirus pandemic and suggesting he would try to cut its U.S. funding. “Please quarantine politicizing COVID,” Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus said in response to a question from ScienceInsider about Trump’s comments. “We will have many body bags in front of us if we don’t behave.”
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abc1503
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/04/we-will-have-many-body-bags-who-chief-responds-trumps-criticisms
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus latest: CERN scientists join the COVID-19 fight
AU  - Nature
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - More than 100 researchers and staff at CERN are finding innovative ways to combat the coronavirus pandemic. Scientists, engineers and technicians at the world’s largest particle physics laboratory are teaming up to fill critical gaps in the local and international responses to the outbreak — from manufacturing and distributing large quantities of hand sanitizer to designing an open-source ventilator.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00154-w
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00154-w
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Arterial hypertension and risk of death in patients with COVID-19 infection: systematic review and meta-analysis
AU  - Zuin, Marco
AU  - Rigatelli, Gianluca
AU  - Zuliani, Giovanni
AU  - Rigatelli, Alberto
AU  - Mazza, Alberto
AU  - Roncon, Loris
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.059
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.059
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Exploring active compounds of Da-Yuan-Yin in treatment of COVID-19 based on network pharmacology and molecular docking method
AU  - Zong, Y.
AU  - Ding, M. L.
AU  - Jia, K. K.
AU  - Ma, S. T.
AU  - Ju, W. Z.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To explore the active compound of Da-Yuan-Yin for treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: Based on traditional Chinese medicine system pharmacology platform (TCMSP), the chemical composition and targets of Arecae Semen, Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, Tsaoko Fructus, Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, Paeoniae Radix Alba, Scutellariae Radix, and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma were screened. The targets of corresponding gene were searched through UniProt, GeneCards databases, and then Cytoscape3.2.1 was used to build compound-targets (genes) networks. The enrichment of gene ontology (GO) function analysis by DAVID and the pathway enrichment analysis by Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were carried out, the mechanism of its action was predicted. Results: The compound-target network contained 141 compounds and 267 corresponding targets, and the key targets involved PTGS2, HSP90AA1, ESR1, AR, NOS2, etc. The function enrichment analysis of GO was 522 (P < 0.05), of which there were 421 biological processes (BP) items, and 38 related items of cell composition (CC),and 63 molecular function (MF) items. There were 25 signal pathways (P < 0.05) in the KEGG pathway enrichment screening, involving small cell lung cancer, non-small cell lung cancer and T cell receptor signaling pathways, etc. The results of molecular docking showed that the affinity of quercetin, kaempferol, baicalin and other core compounds was similar to recommended drugs recommended in the treatment of COVID-19. Conclusion: The active compounds in Da-Yuan-Yin may regulate multiple signaling pathways by binding angiotensin converting enzyme II (ACE2) and acting on targets such as PTGS2, HSP90AA1 and ESR1 to inhibit COVID-19.
JO  - Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 51
IS  - 4
PG  - 836-844
SP  - 836
EP  - 844
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2020.04.002
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005487339 http://dx.doi.org/10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2020.04.002
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Morphological anomalies of circulating blood cells in COVID-19
AU  - Zini, Gina
AU  - Bellesi, Silvia
AU  - Ramundo, Francesco
AU  - d'Onofrio, Giuseppe
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In patients with COIVD-19, in the early aggravation phase before treatment, observation of peripheral blood film shows the presence of pronounced morhological anomalies of the granulocyte series. One week after the start of treatment, such anomalies subside, and an increasing proportion of reactive lymphocytes dominates. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - American journal of hematology
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/ajh.25824
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Screening for Active COVID-19 Infection and Immunization Status Prior to Biologic Therapy in IBD Patients at the Time of the Pandemic Outbreak
AU  - Zingone, Fabiana
AU  - Buda, Andrea
AU  - Savarino, Edoardo Vincenzo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 has been recently classified as pandemic infection by the World Health Organization. Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are invited to follow the national recommendations as any other person. It is unclear whether a more aggressive clinical course might develop in asymptomatic COVID-19 infected subjects during biological therapy and current evidence does not support treatment suspension. However, during pandemic, the start of treatment with immunosuppressive drugs and biologics should be postponed whenever possible and based on an individual risk assessment. When clinical conditions and the disease activity do not allow a treatment delay, before starting a biological therapy, screening of IBD patients for COVID-19 active infection by RT-PCR should be advisable, even in absence of clinical suspicion. Serum antibody testing, when available, could provide evidence of infection as well as identify patients already immune to the disease.
JO  - Digestive and Liver Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dld.2020.04.004
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1590865820301389
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Arbidol Monotherapy is Superior to Lopinavir/ritonavir in Treating COVID-19
AU  - Zhu, Zhen
AU  - Lu, Zhaohui
AU  - Xu, Tianmin
AU  - Chen, Cong
AU  - Yang, Gang
AU  - Zha, Tao
AU  - Jianchun
AU  - Xue, Yuan
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.060
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.060
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Community quarantine strategy against coronavirus disease 2019 in Anhui: an evaluation based on trauma center patients
AU  - Zhu, Wanbo
AU  - Li, Xinyuan
AU  - Wu, Yanning
AU  - Xu, Changqing
AU  - Li, Li
AU  - Yang, Jiazhao
AU  - Fang, Shiyuan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective The objective of our study was to introduce community quarantine strategy against coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) in Anhui and evaluate the effectiveness of community quarantine based on trauma center (TC) patients. Method The structure of community quarantine strategy was illustrated. Distribution of injuries among patients in two TCs between January 24, 2020 and February 24, 2020 was described. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the correlation between the distribution of Injuries in TCs and the number of COVID-19-associated cases. Results A total of 757 TC patients in the two hospitals were enrolled. The number of traffic injuries and outdoor injuries showed a significant decrease in the early stage and began to increase on February 17. The number of indoor injuries neither decreased nor increased. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed a significant correlation between COVID-19-associated cases and traffic and outdoor injuries Conclusion From the perspective of the injuries in TCs, community quarantine strategy was effectively implemented and significantly slowed the outbreak of COVID-19 in Anhui. However, the implementation and maintenance of the strategy is costly and requires the participation of the entire population.
JO  - International Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.04.016
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971220302320
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical characteristics of a case series of children with coronavirus disease 2019
AU  - Zhu, Li
AU  - Wang, Jian
AU  - Huang, Rui
AU  - Liu, Longgen
AU  - Zhao, Haiyan
AU  - Wu, Chao
AU  - Zhu, Chuanwu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We reported the clinical characteristics of a case series of 10 patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) aged from 1 year to 18 years. Seven patients had contact with confirmed COVID-19 family members before onset. Fever (4 [40.0%]) and cough (3 [30.0%]) were the most common symptoms. No patient showed leucopenia and lymphopenia on admission. Pneumonia was observed in chest CT images in 5 (50.0%) patients. Five (50.0%) patients received antiviral treatment. No patient had severe complications or developed a severe illness in our study. Our study indicated that COVID-19 children present less severe symptoms and have better outcomes.
JO  - Pediatric pulmonology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/ppul.24767
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32270592
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Possible causes for decreased susceptibility of children to coronavirus
AU  - Zhu, Liqin
AU  - Lu, Xiaoqing
AU  - Chen, Lu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - IMPACT The possible reason about non-susceptibility of children to coronavirus may lie in different angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity and immunity of children.The first possible reason is about ACE activity. A research revealed that children had higher ACE activities. The next possible reason is about immunity.Some adjuvant drug such as thymosin may provide benefit help for 2019-nCoV patients.
JO  - Pediatric research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41390-020-0892-8
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32268343
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Is it ethical to be a "whistleblower" during COVID-19 pandemic ? -Ethical challenges confronted by health care workers in China
AU  - Zhu, Junhong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Should health care workers (HCWs) tell the truth? The answer seems definite to be yes since every medical and nursing staff has taken an oath to the Hippocratic Oath or Nightingale Florence Pledge that only integrity and honesty deserve the trust of patients and commitment of saving life. HCWs who work within the medical system in normal times should follow biomedical ethics, and their primary responsibility is to safeguard the health rights and interests of individual patients.
JO  - Journal of advanced nursing
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jan.14376
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Perinatal and neonatal management plan for prevention and control of 2019 novel coronavirus infection (1st Edition)
AU  - Zhou, W. H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection has been prevalent in China. Due to immaturity of immune function and the possibility of mother-fetal vertical transmission, neonates are particularly susceptible to 2019-nCoV. The perinatal-neonatal departments should cooperate closely and take integrated approaches, and the neonatal intensive care unit should prepare the emergency plan for 2019-nCoV infection as far as possible, so as to ensure the optimal management and treatment of potential victims. According to the latest 2019-nCoV national management plan and the actual situation, the Working Group for the Prevention and Control of Neonatal 2019-nCoV Infection in the Perinatal Period of the Editorial Committee of Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics puts forward recommendations for the prevention and control of 2019-nCoV infection in neonates.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 22
IS  - 2
PG  - 87-90
SP  - 87
EP  - 90
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2020.02.001
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005483843 http://dx.doi.org/10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2020.02.001
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Distance Teaching Practice of Combined Mode of Massive Open Online Course Micro-Video for Interns in Emergency Department During the COVID-19 Epidemic Period
AU  - Zhou, Ting
AU  - Huang, Sufang
AU  - Cheng, Jing
AU  - Xiao, Yaru
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To observe and analyze the application effect of the combined mode of Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) micro-video during the COVID-19 epidemic period in the distance teaching practice of interns in the emergency department. Materials and Methods: The subjects of this study were 60 trainee nurses who conducted emergency nursing practice in Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology from January 1 to February 29, 2020. At the time of the COVID-19 outbreak in Wuhan, they were divided into two groups: (1) the experimental group (combined mode of MOOC micro-video) and (2) the control group (traditional theory teaching combined with clinical practice teaching). The differences of theoretical and practical examination scores and teaching satisfaction between the two groups were compared. Results: There was no significant difference in theoretical, practical, and total examination scores between the two groups, but in terms of teaching satisfaction, the overall satisfaction, the degree of easy understanding, the evaluation of teachers and learning results in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group, with statistical difference (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Compared with the traditional teaching methods, the effect of combined mode of MOOC micro-video in emergency nursing practice is the same as that of traditional teaching methods, but the satisfaction is higher, so it is more suitable to be used in nursing practice during the COVID-19 epidemic period, so as to effectively reduce the cross-infection between doctors, nurses, and teaching staff.
JO  - Telemedicine journal and e-health : the official journal of the American Telemedicine Association
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1089/tmj.2020.0079
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32271650
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Knowledge, attitude and practice regarding COVID-19 among health care workers in Henan, China
AU  - Zhou, Minghe
AU  - Tang, Fang
AU  - Wang, Yunjian
AU  - Nie, Hanxiao
AU  - Zhang, Luyang
AU  - You, Guohua
AU  - Zhang, Min
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The study analyzed health care workers' (HCWs) knowledge, practices, and attitudes regarding COVID-19. A cross-sectional survey was conducted from 4th February to 8th February 2020 involving a total of 1357 HCWs across 10 hospitals in Henan, China. Of those surveyed, 89% of HCWs had sufficient knowledge of COVID-19, more than 85% feared self-infection with the virus, and 89.7% followed correct practices regarding COVID-19. In addition to knowledge level, some risk factors including work experience and job category influenced HCWs' attitudes and practice concerning COVID-19. Measures must be taken to protect HCWs from risks linked to job category, work experience, working hours, educational attainment, and frontline HCWs.
JO  - The Journal of hospital infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jhin.2020.04.012
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The proportion of patients with thrombocytopenia in three human-susceptible coronavirus infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis
AU  - Zhou, Meng
AU  - Qi, Jiaqian
AU  - Li, Xueqian
AU  - Zhang, Ziyan
AU  - Yao, Yifang
AU  - Wu, Depei
AU  - Han, Yue
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - British Journal of Haematology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/bjh.16655
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/bjh.16655
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Correction. Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet 2020; published online March 9. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30566-3—
AU  - Zhou F, Yu T. Du R.
AU  - et al.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Zhou F, Yu T, Du R, et al. Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet 2020; published online March 9. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30566-3—In this Article, the units for d-dimer, haemoglobin, and high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I have been corrected to μg/mL (d-dimer), g/L (haemoglobin), and pg/mL (high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I). In figure 1, the start of systematic corticosteroid for non-survivors has been changed to day 13 after illness onset. The appendix has also been corrected. These corrections have been made to the online version as of March 12, 2020, and will be made to the printed version.
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30638-3
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673620306383
NS  - 
N1  - Qingxia Zhong (2020-04-14 23:33:31)(Screen): correction to 6685; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical characteristics and immunosuppressants management of coronavirus disease 2019 in solid organ transplant recipients
AU  - Zhong, Zibiao
AU  - Zhang, Qiuyan
AU  - Xia, Haoyang
AU  - Wang, Aiping
AU  - Liang, Wenjin
AU  - Zhou, Wei
AU  - Zhou, Lihua
AU  - Liu, Xiao
AU  - Rao, Lingzhang
AU  - Li, Zhifeng
AU  - Peng, Zhiyong
AU  - Mo, Pingzheng
AU  - Xiong, Yong
AU  - Shaojun, Ye
AU  - Wang, Yanfeng
AU  - Ye, Qifa
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Over 1,000,000 cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been confirmed since the worldwide outbreak began. Not enough data on infected solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients are available, especially data about the management of immunosuppressants. We report two cases of COVID-19 in two transplant recipients, with different treatments and prognoses. The first patient received liver transplantation due to hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma and was confirmed to have COVID-19 nine days later. Following a treatment regimen consisting of discontinued immunosuppressant use and low-dose methylprednisolone-based therapy, the patient developed acute rejection but eventually recovered. The other patient had undergone a renal transplant from a living related donor 17 years ago, and was admitted to the hospital because of persistent fever. This patient was also diagnosed with COVID-19. His treatment regimen consisted of reduced immunosuppressant use. No signs of rejection were observed during the regimen. In the end, the patient successfully recovered from COVID-19. These effectively treated cases can provide a basis for immunosuppressant management of COVID-19-positive SOT recipients.
JO  - American Journal of Transplantation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/ajt.15928
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/ajt.15928
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Necessity and feasibility of viral RNA detection in specialist ophthalmic institute during the COVID-19 epidemic
AU  - Zheng, M.
AU  - Wu, W.
AU  - Chen, W.
AU  - Yu, X.
AU  - Shi, Y.
AU  - Qu, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The prevention and treatment of COVID-19 in China is now at a key stage.The tasks faced by the medical organs are fighting against the COVID-19 while providing the medical services orderly.As a Specialist medical institution nationwide, ophthalmic hospitals are resuming receiving patients and performing operations gradually, including precision interruption of the epidemic, prevention of the secondary virus transmission, and avoidance of nosocomial cross infection among health care providers are required.We explored a multifaceted management for the prevention and control of epidemic, with a special focus on the individual protection for patients and medical staffs.A preliminary positive effect can be observed as a result.The main measures taken cover two aspects.On the one hand, 2019-nCoV ribonucleic acid (RNA) detection and hematological indices inspection including C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid A (SAA) are listed as routine tests of preoperative screening for ocular surgical patients.These tests are required to be completed upon the admission to avoid the possibility of accepting any asymptomatic infected individual and to reduce the risk of nosocomial cross infection.On the other hand, the 2019-nCoV RNA detection is also provided to high-risk employees who visited affected area recently.This assists in obtaining guarantee in both safety and quality of medical services provided, but also helps in lessening the mental and spiritual stress for medical staffs.It is expected that these measures can contribute to the work of our peers of ophthalmology in the prevention and control of COVID-19 and to the safe environment where the medical services are provided, and provide a reference for other outbreak of virus-causing disease.
JO  - Zhonghua Shiyan Yanke Zazhi/Chinese Journal of Experimental Ophthalmology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 38
IS  - 3
PG  - 257-260
SP  - 257
EP  - 260
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn115989-20200224-00105
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005506538 http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn115989-20200224-00105
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Challenges of Convalescent Plasma Therapy on COVID-19
AU  - Zhao, Qian
AU  - He, Yong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Clinical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 104358-104358
SP  - 104358
EP  - 104358
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104358
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1386653220301001
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Investigating mechanism of Qing-Fei-Pai-Du-Tang for treatment of COVID-19 by network pharmacology
AU  - Zhao, J.
AU  - Tian, S. S.
AU  - Yang, J.
AU  - Liu, J. F.
AU  - Zhang, W. D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To collect main ingredients and targets of Qing-Fei-Pai-Du-Tang (QFPDT), and to investigate the relationship between the targets and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the multi-component, multi-target mechanism of QFPDT for the treatment of COVID-19. Methods: The meridian tropisms, compounds and targets of each herb in QFPDT were collected from ETCM, TCMID and NPASS databases. Cytoscape software was used to construct and analyze networks. DAVID and STRING were applied for functional enrichment analysis of targets. Results: The top meridian tropism of herbs in QFPDT was lung meridian. Among QFPDT’s 790 putative targets, 232 targets were co-expressed with ACE2, the receptor of novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). The targets included seven densely interacting ribosomal proteins. Important targets were enriched on two classes of disease pathways, i.e., virus infection and lung injury. In addition, many targets interacted with six proteins of HIV virus. Important targets regulated a series of pathways belong to translation, endocrine system, immune system, nervous system and signal transduction. Conclusion: The main targeting organ of QFPDT is the lung and the second is the spleen. By regulating a series of proteins co-expressed with ACE2 and a series of signaling pathways closely related to the occurrence and development of diseases, it plays a role in balancing immunity and eliminating inflammation. It may act as an antiviral agent by targeting ribosomal proteins that are necessary for viral replication to inhibit viral mRNA translation and inhibiting a group of proteins that interact with viral proteins.
JO  - Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 51
IS  - 4
PG  - 829-835
SP  - 829
EP  - 835
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005487338 http://dx.doi.org/10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2020.04.001
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Early virus clearance and delayed antibody response in a case of COVID-19 with a history of co-infection with HIV-1 and HCV
AU  - Zhao, Juanjuan
AU  - Liao, Xuejiao
AU  - Wang, Haiyan
AU  - Wei, Lanlan
AU  - Xing, Mingzhao
AU  - Liu, Lei
AU  - Zhang, Zheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The effect of host immune status on SARS-CoV-2 infection remains unknown. Here, we report the first case of COVID-19 with HIV-1 and HCV co-infection, who showed a persistently negative SARS-CoV-2 RNA test, but delayed antibody response in the plasma. This case highlights the influence of HIV-1-induced immune dysfunction on the early SARS-CoV-2 clearance.
JO  - Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa408
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32270178
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel Coronavirus Infection in Newborn Babies Under 28 Days in China
AU  - Zhang, Zhi-Jiang
AU  - Yu, Xue-Jie
AU  - Fu, Tao
AU  - Liu, Yu
AU  - Jiang, Yan
AU  - Yang, Bing Xiang
AU  - Bi, Yongyi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Previous studies described the clinical features of Covid-19 in adults and infants under 1 year of age. Little is known about features, outcomes and intrauterine transmission potential in newborn babies aged 28 days or less. Through systematical searching, we identified 4 infections in newborn babies in China as of March 13. The age range was 30 h to 17 days old. Three were male. Two newborn babies had fever, 1 had shortness of breath, 1 had cough and 1 had no syndromes. Supportive treatment was provided for all 4 newborn babies. None required intensive unit care or mechanical ventilation. None had any severe complications. Three newborn babies recovered by the end of this study and had been discharged with 16, 23, and 30 days of hospital stay. All 4 mothers were infected by SARS-CoV-2, 3 showing symptoms before and 1 after delivery. Cesarean section was used for all 4 mothers, 3 at level III hospitals and 1 at a level II hospital. Three newborn babies were separated from mothers right after being born and were not breastfed. In summary, newborn babies are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection. The symptoms in newborn babies were milder and outcomes were less severe as compared to adults. Intrauterine vertical transmission is possible but direct evidence is still lacking.
JO  - The European respiratory journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1183/13993003.00697-2020
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32269087
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 indirect contact transmission through the oral mucosa must not be ignored
AU  - Zhang, Ze
AU  - Zhang, Lichao
AU  - Wang, Yanqiao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Coronavirus (CoV) is the single stranded sense RNA virus that has been known so far with the largest genomic capacity and plenty of natural hosts. In the past dozens of years, SARS-CoV under the branch of the new evolutionary tree has threatens greatly global public health and the severe acute respiratory syndrome new coronavirus (COVID-19) reported in China could cause fatal pathological lesions. Especially in areas with poor medical care, neglect of indirect transmission can cause more serious consequences. METHODS: First of all, with reference to SARS-CoV and other relevant studies, the possibility of virus residues on the surface of multiple media is discussed. Further, it is found that the surface residue of this substance may be an important factor in iatrogenic infection. RESULTS: This correspondence could point out the direction to study the pathomechanism of COVID-19 infecting human beings. CONCLUSIONS: Mucosa exposure and inappropriate treatment of medical and non-medical articles used by the patients all could increase the risks of COVID-19 transmission.
JO  - Journal of oral pathology & medicine : official publication of the International Association of Oral Pathologists and the American Academy of Oral Pathology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jop.13019
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - High-resolution computed tomographic imaging disclosing COVID-19 pneumonia: a powerful tool in diagnosis
AU  - Zhang, Zili
AU  - Shen, Yin
AU  - Wang, Haijun
AU  - Zhao, Lei
AU  - Hu, Desheng
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.047
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.047
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Community-based prevention and control of COVID-19: Experience from China
AU  - Zhang, Yuhang
AU  - Zhao, Qiu
AU  - Hu, Bing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - American Journal of Infection Control
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2020.03.012
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0196655320301656
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Commentary: Challenges to thoracic surgeons in the global coronavirus pandemic
AU  - Zhang, Yang
AU  - Chen, Haiquan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcvs.2020.04.004
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022522320308588
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection on ocular surface
AU  - Zhang, Xian
AU  - Chen, Xuhui
AU  - Chen, Liwen
AU  - Deng, Chaohua
AU  - Zou, Xiaojing
AU  - Liu, Weiyong
AU  - Yu, Huimin
AU  - Chen, Bo
AU  - Sun, Xufang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This is a cross-sectional study of patients who received a COVID-19 diagnosis between December 30, 2019 and February 7, 2020 at Tongji Hospital. A total of 102 patients (48 Male [47%] and 54 Female [53%]) with clinical symptoms, Rt, and chest Computed Tomography (CT) abnormalities were identified with a clinical diagnosis of COVID-19. Patients had a mean [SD] gestational age of 57.63 [14.90] years. Of a total of 102 patients identified, 72 patients (36 men [50%] and 36 women [50%]; mean [SD] age, 58.68 [14.81] years) were confirmed to have COVID-19 by laboratory diagnosis with a SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR assay. Only two patients (2.78%) with conjunctivitis were identified from 72 patients with a laboratory confirmed COVID-19. Of those two patients, SARS-CoV-2 RNA fragments were found in ocular discharges by SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR in only one patient. Our findings suspect the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection through the ocular surface is extremely low, while the nosocomial infection of SARS-CoV-2 through the eyes after occupational exposure is a potential route. To lower the SARS-CoV-2 nosocomial infection, all health care professionals should wear protective goggles.The inefficient diagnostic method and the sampling time lag may contribute to the lower positive rate of conjunctival swab samples of SARS-CoV-2.
JO  - The Ocular Surface
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtos.2020.03.010
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1542012420300653
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mental Health and Psychosocial Problems of Medical Health Workers during the COVID-19 Epidemic in China
AU  - Zhang, Wen-Rui
AU  - Wang, Kun
AU  - Yin, Lu
AU  - Zhao, Wen-Feng
AU  - Xue, Qing
AU  - Peng, Mao
AU  - Min, Bao-Quan
AU  - Tian, Qing
AU  - Leng, Hai-Xia
AU  - Du, Jia-Lin
AU  - Chang, Hong
AU  - Yang, Yuan
AU  - Li, Wei
AU  - Shangguan, Fang-Fang
AU  - Yan, Tian-Yi
AU  - Dong, Hui-Qing
AU  - Han, Ying
AU  - Wang, Yu-Ping
AU  - Cosci, Fiammetta
AU  - Wang, Hong-Xing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE: We explored whether medical health workers had more psychosocial problems than nonmedical health workers during the COVID-19 outbreak. METHODS: An online survey was run from February 19 to March 6, 2020; a total of 2,182 Chinese subjects participated. Mental health variables were assessed via the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), the Symptom Check List-revised (SCL-90-R), and the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4), which included a 2-item anxiety scale and a 2-item depression scale (PHQ-2). RESULTS: Compared with nonmedical health workers (n = 1,255), medical health workers (n = 927) had a higher prevalence of insomnia (38.4 vs. 30.5%, p < 0.01), anxiety (13.0 vs. 8.5%, p < 0.01), depression (12.2 vs. 9.5%; p< 0.04), somatization (1.6 vs. 0.4%; p < 0.01), and obsessive-compulsive symptoms (5.3 vs. 2.2%; p < 0.01). They also had higher total scores of ISI, GAD-2, PHQ-2, and SCL-90-R obsessive-compulsive symptoms (p ≤ 0.01). Among medical health workers, having organic disease was an independent factor for insomnia, anxiety, depression, somatization, and obsessive-compulsive symptoms (p < 0.05 or 0.01). Living in rural areas, being female, and being at risk of contact with COVID-19 patients were the most common risk factors for insomnia, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, and depression (p < 0.01 or 0.05). Among nonmedical health workers, having organic disease was a risk factor for insomnia, depression, and obsessive-compulsive symptoms (p < 0.01 or 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: During the COVID-19 outbreak, medical health workers had psychosocial problems and risk factors for developing them. They were in need of attention and recovery programs.
JO  - Psychotherapy and psychosomatics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-9
SP  - 1
EP  - 9
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1159/000507639
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - CT features of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia according to clinical presentation: a retrospective analysis of 120 consecutive patients from Wuhan city
AU  - Zhang, Rui
AU  - Ouyang, Huangqing
AU  - Fu, Lingli
AU  - Wang, Shijie
AU  - Han, Jianglong
AU  - Huang, Kejie
AU  - Jia, Mingfang
AU  - Song, Qibin
AU  - Fu, Zhenming
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVES To characterize the chest computed tomography (CT) findings of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) according to clinical severity. We compared the CT features of common cases and severe cases, symptomatic patients and asymptomatic patients, and febrile and afebrile patients. METHODS This was a retrospective analysis of the clinical and thoracic CT features of 120 consecutive patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia admitted to a tertiary university hospital between January 10 and February 10, 2020, in Wuhan city, China. RESULTS On admission, the patients generally complained of fever, cough, shortness of breath, and myalgia or fatigue, with diarrhea often present in severe cases. Severe patients were 20 years older on average and had comorbidities and an elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level. There were no differences in the CT findings between asymptomatic and symptomatic common type patients or between afebrile and febrile patients, defined according to Chinese National Health Commission guidelines. CONCLUSIONS The clinical and CT features at admission may enable clinicians to promptly evaluate the prognosis of patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. Clinicians should be aware that clinically silent cases may present with CT features similar to those of symptomatic common patients. KEY POINTS • The clinical features and predominant patterns of abnormalities on CT for asymptomatic, typic common, and severe cases were summarized. These findings may help clinicians to identify severe patients quickly at admission. • Clinicians should be cautious that CT findings of afebrile/asymptomatic patients are not better than the findings of other types of patients. These patients should also be quarantined. • The use of chest CT as the main screening method in epidemic areas is recommended.
JO  - European radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-10
SP  - 1
EP  - 10
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00330-020-06854-1
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32279115
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Challenges of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Approaches for the Elderly and those with Alzheimer's Disease
AU  - Zhang, Qing
AU  - Song, Weihong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease that since its outbreak in December 2019, has become a global pandemic. COVID-19 is caused by the previously unknown coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. The elderly are the most vulnerable to COVID-19, and have the highest mortality of the afflicted. Similar patterns have been observed in epidemics and pandemics throughout the 20th and the beginning of the 21th centuries. In this article, we review some unique challenges the elderly and people with Alzheimer's Disease face during the COVID-19 pandemic and suggest approaches that could be taken from healthcare and social approaches to better handle this pandemic. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
JO  - MedComm
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/mco2.4
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/mco2.4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Key points of serious adverse event and protection of patients in ophthalmic clinical trials during novel coronavirus pneumonia outbreak
AU  - Zhang, P.
AU  - Lu, Y.
AU  - Song, S.
AU  - Yu, X.
AU  - Dai, H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The prevention and control of novel coronavirus pneumonia is the most priority recently, and various measures during the prevention and control period will have varying degrees of impact on the implement of clinical trials.However, various examinations in ophthalmological clinical trials need close contact between operators and patients, which put us at risk of cross-infection.This paper indicated some suggestions based on the criteria of clinical trials under major public health emergencies, the management of clinical trials during epidemic period, including the follow-up of subjects, the treatment of epidemic serious adverse event (SAE) and the management requirements of co-sponsors, as well as the requirements and management principles for environment, subjects, examiners and inspection equipment in the process of ophthalmic clinical trials.It may be helpful to the ophthalmic clinical trial researchers and subjects during the period of novel coronavirus infection.
JO  - Zhonghua Shiyan Yanke Zazhi/Chinese Journal of Experimental Ophthalmology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 38
IS  - 3
PG  - 273-275
SP  - 273
EP  - 275
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn115989-20200217-00072
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005506540 http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn115989-20200217-00072
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Treatment concerns for psychiatric symptoms in COVID-19-infected patients with or without psychiatric disorders
AU  - Zhang, Kai
AU  - Zhou, Xiaoqing
AU  - Liu, Huanzhong
AU  - Hashimoto, Kenji
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The British Journal of Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1192/bjp.2020.84
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/treatment-concerns-for-psychiatric-symptoms-in-covid19infected-patients-with-or-without-psychiatric-disorders/038527521E0716099EAC0490F1A6172B
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Distinct characteristics of COVID-19 patients with initial rRT-PCR positive and negative results for SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Zhang, Jin-Jin
AU  - Cao, Yi-Yuan
AU  - Dong, Xiang
AU  - Wang, Bin-Chen
AU  - Liao, Mei-Yan
AU  - Lin, Jun
AU  - Yan, You-Qin
AU  - Akdis, Cezmi A.
AU  - Gao, Ya-Dong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) first emerged in Wuhan, China in December 2019, the outbreak of COVID-19 epidemic has become an increasingly serious global health concern. Currently, over 150 countries have reported COVID-19 cases, and the situation has progressed to a pandemic associated with substantial morbidity and mortality.(1).
JO  - Allergy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/all.14316
UR  - http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/all.14316
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Acute stress, behavioural symptoms and mood states among school-age children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactive Disorder during the COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Zhang, Jinsong
AU  - Shuai, Lan
AU  - Yu, Hui
AU  - Wang, Zhouye
AU  - Qiu, Meihui
AU  - Lu, Lu
AU  - Cao, Xuan
AU  - Xia, Weipin
AU  - Wang, Yuanyuan
AU  - Chen, Runsen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Asian Journal of Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 102077-102077
SP  - 102077
EP  - 102077
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102077
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S187620182030188X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Challenges of SARS-CoV-2 and lessons learnt from SARS in Guangdong Province, China
AU  - Zhang, J.
AU  - Lin, G.
AU  - Zeng, J.
AU  - Lin, J.
AU  - Tian, J.
AU  - Li, G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - With lessons learnt from the SARS outbreak in 2003, Guangdong Province is taking the lead in bringing COVID-19 under control by multiple strict regulations in combination with effective healthcare provision.
JO  - Journal of Clinical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 126
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104341
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005506251 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104341
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Re: Profile of Specific Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2: The First Report
AU  - Zeng, Zhikun
AU  - Chen, Liangjun
AU  - Pan, Yunbao
AU  - Deng, Qiaoling
AU  - Ye, Guangming
AU  - Li, Yirong
AU  - Wang, Xinghuan
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.052
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.052
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Strategic plan for management in Oral and Maxillofacial surgery during COVID-19 epidemic
AU  - Zeng, Liujun
AU  - Su, Tong
AU  - Huang, Long
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Oral Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 104715-104715
SP  - 104715
EP  - 104715
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oraloncology.2020.104715
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1368837520301512
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - First case of COVID-19 complicated with fulminant myocarditis: a case report and insights
AU  - Zeng, Jia-Hui
AU  - Liu, Ying-Xia
AU  - Yuan, Jing
AU  - Wang, Fu-Xiang
AU  - Wu, Wei-Bo
AU  - Li, Jin-Xiu
AU  - Wang, Li-Fei
AU  - Gao, Hong
AU  - Wang, Yao
AU  - Dong, Chang-Feng
AU  - Li, Yi-Jun
AU  - Xie, Xiao-Juan
AU  - Feng, Cheng
AU  - Liu, Lei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been demonstrated to be the cause of pneumonia. Nevertheless, it has not been reported as the cause of acute myocarditis or fulminant myocarditis. A 63-year-old male was admitted with pneumonia and cardiac symptoms. He was genetically confirmed as having COVID-19 according to sputum testing on the day of admission. He also had elevated troponin I (Trop I) level (up to 11.37 g/L) and diffuse myocardial dyskinesia along with a decreased left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) on echocardiography. The highest level of interleukin-6 was 272.40 pg/ml. Bedside chest radiographs showed typical ground-glass changes indicative of viral pneumonia. Laboratory test results for viruses that cause myocarditis were all negative. The patient conformed to the diagnostic criteria of the Chinese expert consensus statement for fulminant myocarditis. After receiving antiviral therapy and mechanical life support, Trop I was reduced to 0.10 g/L, and interleukin-6 was reduced to 7.63 pg/mL. Moreover, the LVEF of the patient gradually recovered to 68%. The patient died of aggravation of secondary infection on the 33rd day of hospitalization. COVID-19 patients may develop severe cardiac complications such as myocarditis and heart failure. This is the first report of COVID-19 complicated with fulminant myocarditis. The mechanism of cardiac pathology caused by COVID-19 needs further study.
JO  - Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-5
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s15010-020-01424-5
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s15010-020-01424-5
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus disease 2019: new things to know!
AU  - Zayet, Souheil
AU  - N'Dri Juliette, Kadiane-Oussou
AU  - Royer, Pierre-Yves
AU  - Toko, Lynda
AU  - Gendrin, Vincent
AU  - Klopfenstein, Timothee
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We have read with interest the review of Feng et al. "Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): What we know?" 1 which report the clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of the novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25874
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Intubation and mechanical ventilation of patients with COVID-19: what should we tell them?
AU  - Zareifopoulos, Nicholas
AU  - Lagadinou, Maria
AU  - Karela, Anastasia
AU  - Karantzogiannis, Gerasimos
AU  - Velissaris, Dimitrios
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Severe COVID-19 illness is characterised by the development of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), for which the mainstay of treatment is represented by mechanical ventilation. Mortality associated with ARDS due to other causes is in the range of 40-60%, but currently available data are not yet sufficient to draw safe conclusions on the prognosis of COVID-19 patients who require mechanical ventilation. Based on data from cohorts of the related coronavirus-associated illnesses, that is to say Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), prognosis would seem to be worse than ARDS due to other causes such as trauma and other infections. Discussion of prognosis is central to obtaining informed consent for intubation, but in the absence of definitive data it is not clear exactly what this discussion should entail.
JO  - Monaldi archives for chest disease = Archivio Monaldi per le malattie del torace
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 90
IS  - 1
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4081/monaldi.2020.1296
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32268719
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Data on the stability of darunavir/cobicistat suspension after tablet manipulation
AU  - Zanon, D.
AU  - Manca, A.
AU  - De Nicolò, A.
AU  - D'Avolio, A.
AU  - Musazzi, U. M.
AU  - Cilurzo, F.
AU  - Maximova, N.
AU  - Tomasello, C.
AU  - Minghetti, P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 outbreak is now one of the most critical crises to manage for most of the national healthcare systems in the world. In the absence of authorised pharmacological treatments, many antiretrovirals, including darunavir/cobicistat fixed combination, were used off-label in the hospital wards as life-treating medicines for COVID-19 patients. Unfortunately, for most of them, the drug products available on the market are not designed to be administered by a nasogastric tube to inpatients of intensive care units. Therefore, their manipulation, even if it can strongly affect the product quality, is necessary for the preparation of suspension to meet patients’ need. In this situation, it is urgent to provide data and guidance to support hospital pharmacist and clinicians in their activity. The data in this article indicate that darunavir/cobicistat suspensions compounded by pharmacists using as active ingredient a commercially available tablet can be stable at least for one week.
JO  - Data in Brief
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 105552-105552
SP  - 105552
EP  - 105552
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2020.105552
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352340920304467
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A new approach to modeling the fade-out threshold of Coronavirus disease
AU  - Yue, TianXiang
AU  - Fan, ZeMeng
AU  - Fan, Bin
AU  - Du, ZhengPing
AU  - Wilson, John P.
AU  - Yin, XiaoZhe
AU  - Zhao, Na
AU  - Wang, YingAn
AU  - Zhou, ChengHu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Science Bulletin
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scib.2020.04.016
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095927320302279
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Psychological status of parents of hospitalized children during the COVID-19 epidemic in China
AU  - Yuan, Rong
AU  - Xu, Qian-hui
AU  - Xia, Cui-cui
AU  - Lou, Chun-yan
AU  - Xie, Zhen
AU  - Ge, Qian-min
AU  - Shao, Yi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A series of unexplained pneumonia appeared in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, which is highly contagious. The virus is prone to nervous and anxious psychological reactions. In the objective environment of complex and densely populated hospitals, it is a high-risk area for virus-transmitted infections and children generally have lower immunity who are more likely to develop infections. The results showed that the mental health problems of parents of hospitalized children during the epidemic were more serious, and the anxiety and depression were more obvious.
JO  - Psychiatry Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 112953-112953
SP  - 112953
EP  - 112953
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112953
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165178120305539
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - PCR Assays Turned Positive in 25 Discharged COVID-19 Patients
AU  - Yuan, Jing
AU  - Kou, Shanglong
AU  - Liang, Yanhua
AU  - Zeng, JianFeng
AU  - Pan, Yanchao
AU  - Liu, Lei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We report the observation that 14.5% of COVID-19 patients had positive RT-PCR testing again after discharge. We describe correlations between laboratory parameters and treatment duration (r= -0.637; p=0.002) and time to virus recrudescence (r= 0.52; p=0.008) respectively, suggesting the need for additional measures to confirm illness resolution in COVID-19 patients.
JO  - Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa398
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Characteristics of Endodontic Emergencies during COVID-19 Outbreak in Wuhan
AU  - Yu, Jingjing
AU  - Zhang, Tian
AU  - Zhao, Dan
AU  - Haapasalo, Markus
AU  - Shen, Ya
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Introduction In late 2019 an outbreak of a new coronavirus, named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was detected in Wuhan, China. A great percentage of patients with this disease developed symptoms of dry cough, malaise and high fever. During this time several patients requiring assessment and treatment of endodontic emergencies were directed to the School and Hospital of Stomatology at Wuhan University (WHUSS). Here, we examined the characteristics of these patients. Methods A total of 96 patients with mean age of 42.24 ± 18.32 years visited General and Emergency Department of WHUSS due to endodontic emergencies during the peak period of February 22 to March 2, 2020. Patient information was collected and organized by date of visit, gender, age, systemic diseases history. Body temperature was measured and acquired for each patient, a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemiological investigation questionnaire was given to each patient, endodontic diagnosis determined for the offending tooth and verbal numerical rating scale (VNRS) was used to record pain levels. Results Of total patient visits during this period, 50.26% of visits were for endodontic treatment. No patients had fever (>37.2°C). One patient with a confirmed COVID-19 history was admitted after recovery. Three admitted patients had been exposed to confirmed or suspected COVID-19 patients. Twelve admitted patients (12.5%) with mean age of 62.42 ± 13.77 years had a history of systemic diseases. The most common age group for endodontic emergencies was 45-64 years (30.21%) and patients of this group showed significantly higher mean VNRS score compared with that of the 6-19 years group and 20-34 years group (p<0.05). The majority of endodontic emergency diagnosis was diseases of symptomatic irreversible pulpitis (53.10%). Patients who were diagnosed with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis, symptomatic apical periodontitis and acute apical abscess showed significantly higher mean VNRS Score than that of other groups (p<0.05). Conclusion Endodontic emergencies, with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis being the most common, consist of a much higher proportion of dental emergencies in a COVID-19 high risk area than normally. Vital pulp therapy can advantageously reduce treatment time resulting in reduced risk of infection for vital pulp cases. Rubber dam, personal protective equipment and patient screening are of great importance during the COVID-19 outbreak in protecting clinicians.
JO  - Journal of Endodontics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0099239920302387
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Loopholes in Current Infection Control and Prevention Practices Against COVID-19 in Radiology Department and Improvement Suggestions
AU  - Yu, Juan
AU  - Ding, Ning
AU  - Chen, Huan
AU  - Liu, Xia-Jing
AU  - Pu, Zu-Hui
AU  - Xu, Hua-Jian
AU  - Lei, Yi
AU  - Zhang, Han-Wen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVES: To improve the infection control and prevention practices against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in radiology department through loophole identification and providing rectifying measurements. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of 2 cases of health-care-associated COVID-19 transmission in 2 radiology departments and comparing the infection control and prevention practices against COVID-19 with the practices of our department, where no COVID-19 transmission has occurred. RESULTS: Several loopholes have been identified in the infection control and prevention practices against COVID-19 of the 2 radiology departments. Loopholes were in large part due to our limited understanding of the highly contagious coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) which is characterized by features not observed in other SARS viruses. We recommend to set up an isolation zone for handling patients who do not meet the diagnostic criteria of COVID-19 but are not completely cleared of the possibility of infection. CONCLUSIONS: Loopholes in the infection control and prevention practices against COVID-19 of the 2 radiology departments are due to poor understanding of the emerging disease which can be fixed by establishing an isolation zone for patients not completely cleared of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
JO  - Canadian Association of Radiologists journal = Journal l'Association canadienne des radiologistes
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 846537120916852-846537120916852
SP  - 846537120916852
EP  - 846537120916852
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/0846537120916852
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Case Report: Death Due to Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) in Three Brothers
AU  - Yousefzadegan, Sedigheh
AU  - Rezaei, Nima
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We report fatal cases of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in three brothers in Iran. An increased susceptibility to specific pathogens has been reported for a number of genetic defects. Considering the fact that most of them who are affected by COVID-19 recover, deaths in three brothers who lived separately and had no known underlying disease suggest genetic predisposition to COVID-19 in some individuals.
JO  - The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4269/ajtmh.20-0240
UR  - 
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Convalescent Plasma Therapy for Corona Virus Disease 2019: a Long Way to Go but Worth Trying
AU  - Yoo, Jin Hong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Korean medical science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 35
IS  - 14
PG  - e150-e150
SP  - e150
EP  - e150
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e150
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Advance in research of beta coronavirus receptors on ocular surface
AU  - Yin, X.
AU  - Zhang, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 2019-Novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) caused an outbreak of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from December 2019 in China.2019-nCoV which was identified as a kind of beta coronavirus belongs to one of four coronavirus genera.Except 2019-nCoV, two other beta coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) are also quite harmful to human beings.2019-nCoV uses the same cell entry receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), as SARS-CoV.And dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) or CD26 is the cell receptor for MERS-CoV.The expression of ACE2 was found to have obvious positive expression in human corneal and conjunctival epithelium, and corneal endothelium.DPP4 activity was presented in normal animal conjunctival epithelium and fibroblasts of the subjacent connective tissue.It was also presented in the whole corneal epithelium and tear fluid of animal with severe injured corneas.The two receptors, ACE2 and DPP4, are involved in many cellular signaling pathways and pathophysiological processes.Their expression in the cells of ocular surface may be an access route of corona virus in eye, which provides clues to elucidating the pathogenesis of corona virus in the eyeballs.
JO  - Zhonghua Shiyan Yanke Zazhi/Chinese Journal of Experimental Ophthalmology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 38
IS  - 3
PG  - 254-256
SP  - 254
EP  - 256
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn115989-20200223-00098
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005506537 http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn115989-20200223-00098
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recommendation on protection from and mitigation of COVID-19 pandemic in long-term care facilities
AU  - Yen, Muh-Yong
AU  - Schwartz, Jonathan
AU  - King, Chwan-Chuen
AU  - Lee, Chung-Ming
AU  - Hsueh, Po-Ren
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 outbreak has drawn heightened attention from public health scholars researching ways to limit its spread. Much of the research has been focused on minimizing transmission in hospitals and in the general community. However, a particularly vulnerable community that has received relatively little attention is elders residing in long-term care facilities (LTCFs). In this article we address this relative lack of attention, arguing that enhanced traffic control bundling (eTCB) can and should be adopted and implemented as a means of protecting LTCF residents and staff. Enhanced TCB has been widely applied in hospital settings and has proven effective at limiting droplet and fomite transmissions both within hospitals and between hospitals and the general community. By effectively adapting eTCB to LTCF conditions, particularly by incorporating compartmentalization within zones plus active surveillance, COVID-19 transmission into and throughout LTCFs can be minimized, thereby saving numerous lives among an especially vulnerable population.
JO  - Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2020.04.003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1684118220300979
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel coronavirus pneumonia combined with conjunctivitis: three cases report
AU  - Ye, Y.
AU  - Song, Y.
AU  - Yan, M.
AU  - Hu, C.
AU  - Chen, X.
AU  - Yu, J.
AU  - Ren, X.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since January 2020, as ophthalmologists working at the center of the novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) outbreak in Wuhan, China, we found 3 cases in 30 COVID-19 patients with binocular conjunctivitis.Of them, one case visited for conjunctivitis as a first symptom and then diagnosed as COVID-19 three days later, and two cases visited for binocular conjunctivitis during the COVID-19 onset.In 3 patients, conjunctivitis was manifested as signs of viral conjunctivitis from mild to moderate.The symptoms of two patients disappeared after treatment of antiviral eyedrops for 7 to 10 days and another patient died of COVID-19.Interestingly, although we detected positive viral nucleic acid in the conjunctiva sacs of 2 of other 27 COVID-19 patients by using swabs and RT-PCR technology, no conjunctivitis occurred in these two patients.242
JO  - Zhonghua Shiyan Yanke Zazhi/Chinese Journal of Experimental Ophthalmology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 38
IS  - 3
PG  - 242-244
SP  - 242
EP  - 244
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.2095-0160.2020.0006
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005506534 http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.issn.2095-0160.2020.0006
NS  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - The pathogenesis and treatment of the `Cytokine Storm' in COVID-19
AU  - Ye, Qing
AU  - Wang, Bili
AU  - Mao, Jianhua
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Summary Cytokine storm is an excessive immune response to external stimuli. The pathogenesis of the cytokine storm is complex. The disease progresses rapidly, and the mortality is high. Certain evidence shows that, during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic, the severe deterioration of some patients has been closely related to the cytokine storm in their bodies. This article reviews the occurrence mechanism and treatment strategies of the COVID-19 virus-induced inflammatory storm in attempt to provide valuable medication guidance for clinical treatment.
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.037
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0163445320301651
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cytokine Storm in COVID-19 and Treatment
AU  - Ye, Qing
AU  - Wang, Bili
AU  - Mao, Jianhua
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - Cytokine storm is an excessive immune response to external stimuli. The pathogenesis of the cytokine storm is complex. The disease progresses rapidly, and the mortality is high. Certain evidence shows that, during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic, the severe deterioration of some patients has been closely related to the cytokine storm in their bodies. This article reviews the occurrence mechanism and treatment strategies of the COVID-19 virus-induced inflammatory storm in attempt to provide valuable medication guidance for clinical treatment.
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.037
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.037
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Encephalitis as a clinical manifestation of COVID-19
AU  - Ye, Mingxiang
AU  - Ren, Yi
AU  - Lv, Tangfeng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Brain, Behavior, and Immunity
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.017
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0889159120304657
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - No Association of COVID-19 transmission with temperature or UV radiation in Chinese cities
AU  - Yao, Ye
AU  - Pan, Jinhua
AU  - Liu, Zhixi
AU  - Meng, Xia
AU  - Wang, Weidong
AU  - Kan, Haidong
AU  - Wang, Weibing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The European respiratory journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1183/13993003.00517-2020
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32269084
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Emergency tracheal intubation in 202 patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: lessons learnt and international expert recommendations
AU  - Yao, Wenlong
AU  - Wang, Tingting
AU  - Jiang, Bailing
AU  - Gao, Feng
AU  - Wang, Li
AU  - Zheng, Hongbo
AU  - Xiao, Weimin
AU  - Xu, Li
AU  - Yao, Shanglong
AU  - Mei, Wei
AU  - Chen, Xiangdong
AU  - Luo, Ailin
AU  - Sun, Liang
AU  - Cook, Tim
AU  - Behringer, Elizabeth
AU  - Huitink, Johannes M.
AU  - Wong, David T.
AU  - Lane-Fall, Meghan
AU  - McNarry, Alistair
AU  - McGuire, Barry
AU  - Higgs, Andrew
AU  - Shah, Amit
AU  - Patel, Anil
AU  - Zuo, Mingzhang
AU  - Ma, Wuhua
AU  - Xue, Zhanggang
AU  - Zhang, Li-Ming
AU  - Li, Wenxian
AU  - Wang, Yong
AU  - Hagberg, Carin
AU  - O’Sullivan, Ellen
AU  - Fleisher, Lee A.
AU  - Wei, Huafeng
AU  - Peng, Zhiyong
AU  - Liang, Hansheng
AU  - Nishikawa, Koji
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Summary Tracheal intubation in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients creates a risk to physiologically compromised patients and to attending healthcare providers. Clinical information on airway management and expert recommendations in these patients are urgently needed. By analysing a two-centre retrospective observational case series from Wuhan, China, a panel of international airway management experts discussed the results and formulated consensus recommendations for the management of tracheal intubation in COVID-19 patients. Of 202 COVID-19 patients undergoing emergency tracheal intubation, most were males (n=136; 67.3%) and aged 65 yr or more (n=128; 63.4%). Most patients (n=152; 75.2%) were hypoxaemic (Sao2 <90%) before intubation. Personal protective equipment was worn by all intubating healthcare workers. Rapid sequence induction (RSI) or modified RSI was used with an intubation success rate of 89.1% on the first attempt and 100% overall. Hypoxaemia (Sao2 <90%) was common during intubation (n=148; 73.3%). Hypotension (arterial pressure <90/60 mm Hg) occurred in 36 (17.8%) patients during and 45 (22.3%) after intubation with cardiac arrest in four (2.0%). Pneumothorax occurred in 12 (5.9%) patients and death within 24 h in 21 (10.4%). Up to 14 days post-procedure, there was no evidence of cross infection in the anaesthesiologists who intubated the COVID-19 patients. Based on clinical information and expert recommendation, we propose detailed planning, strategy, and methods for tracheal intubation in COVID-19 patients.
JO  - British Journal of Anaesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bja.2020.03.026
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0007091220302038
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Predictors for imaging progression on chest CT from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients
AU  - Yang, Zongguo
AU  - Shi, Jia
AU  - He, Zhang
AU  - Lü, Ying
AU  - Xu, Qingnian
AU  - Ye, Chen
AU  - Chen, Shishi
AU  - Tang, Bozong
AU  - Yin, Keshan
AU  - Lu, Yunfei
AU  - Chen, Xiaorong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the potential parameters associated with imaging progression on chest CT from coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) patients. RESULTS: The average age of 273 COVID-19 patients enrolled with imaging progression were older than those without imaging progression (p = 0.006). The white blood cells, platelets, neutrophils and acid glycoprotein were all decreased in imaging progression patients (all p < 0.05), and monocytes were increased (p = 0.025). The parameters including homocysteine, urea, creatinine and serum cystatin C were significantly higher in imaging progression patients (all p < 0.05), while eGFR decreased (p < 0.001). Monocyte-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) was significantly higher in imaging progression patients compared to that in imaging progression-free ones (p < 0.001). Logistic models revealed that age, MLR, homocysteine and period from onset to admission were factors for predicting imaging progression on chest CT at first week from COVID-19 patients (all p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Age, MLR, homocysteine and period from onset to admission could predict imaging progression on chest CT from COVID-19 patients. METHODS: The primary outcome was imaging progression on chest CT. Baseline parameters were collected at the first day of admission. Imaging manifestations on chest CT were followed-up at (6±1) days.
JO  - Aging
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 12
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.18632/aging.102999
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The effect of corticosteroid treatment on patients with coronavirus infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis
AU  - Yang, Zhenwei
AU  - Liu, Jialong
AU  - Zhou, Yunjiao
AU  - Zhao, Xixian
AU  - Zhao, Qiu
AU  - Liu, Jing
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.062
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.062
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Transmission of pathogen-laden expiratory droplets in a coach bus
AU  - Yang, Xia
AU  - Ou, Cuiyun
AU  - Yang, Hongyu
AU  - Liu, Li
AU  - Song, Tie
AU  - Kang, Min
AU  - Lin, Hualiang
AU  - Hang, Jian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Droplet dispersion carrying viruses/bacteria in enclosed/crowded buses may induce transmissions of respiratory infectious diseases, but the influencing mechanisms have been rarely investigated. By conducting high-resolution CFD simulations, this paper investigates the evaporation and transport of solid-liquid mixed droplets (initial diameter 10 μm and 50 μm, solid to liquid ratio is 1:9) exhaled in a coach bus with 14 thermal manikins. Five air-conditioning supply directions and ambient relative humidity (RH = 35% and 95%) are considered. Results show that ventilation effectiveness, RH and initial droplet size significantly influence droplet transmissions in coach bus. 50 μm droplets tend to evaporate completely within 1.8 s and 7 s as RH = 35% and 95% respectively, while 0.2 s or less for 10 μm droplets. Thus 10 μm droplets diffuse farther with wider range than 50 μm droplets which tend to deposit more on surfaces. Droplet dispersion pattern differs due to various interactions of gravity, ventilation flows and the upward thermal body plume. The fractions of droplets suspended in air, deposited on wall surfaces are quantified. This study implies high RH, backward supply direction and passengers sitting at nonadjacent seats can effectively reduce infection risk of droplet transmission in buses. Besides taking masks, regular cleaning is also recommended since 85%-100% of droplets deposit on object surfaces.
JO  - Journal of Hazardous Materials
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 122609-122609
SP  - 122609
EP  - 122609
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122609
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304389420305987
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical characteristics and risk assessment of newborns born to mothers with COVID-19
AU  - Yang, Pu
AU  - Wang, Xia
AU  - Liu, Pin
AU  - Wei, Cong
AU  - He, Bingyan
AU  - Zheng, Junwen
AU  - Zhao, Dongchi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is causing an outbreak of pneumonia in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, and other international areas. Objective Here, we report the clinical characteristics of the newborns delivered by SARS-CoV-2 infected pregnant women. Methods We prospectively collected and analyzed the clinical features, laboratory data and outcomes of 7 newborns delivered by SARS-CoV-2 infected pregnant women in Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University during January 20 to January 29, 2020. Results 4 of the 7 newborns were late preterm with gestational age between 36 weeks and 37 weeks, and the other 3 were full-term infants. The average birth weight was 2096 ± 660 g. All newborns were born without asphyxia. 2 premature infants performed mild grunting after birth, but relieved rapidly with non-invasive continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) ventilation. 3 cases had chest X-ray, 1 was normal and 2 who were supported by nCPAP presented mild neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS). Samples of pharyngeal swab in 6 cases, amniotic fluid and umbilical cord blood in 4 cases were tested by qRT-PCR, and there was no positive result of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid in all cases. Conclusions The current data show that the infection of SARS-CoV-2 in late pregnant women does not cause adverse outcomes in their newborns, however, it is necessary to separate newborns from mothers immediately to avoid the potential threats.
JO  - Journal of Clinical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 104356-104356
SP  - 104356
EP  - 104356
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104356
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1386653220300986
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Role of anaesthesiologists during the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak in China
AU  - Yang, Manping
AU  - Dong, Hailong
AU  - Lu, Zhihong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - British Journal of Anaesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bja.2020.03.022
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0007091220301975
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical Features and Outcomes of Pregnant Women Suspected of Coronavirus Disease 2019
AU  - yang, Hui
AU  - Sun, Guoqiang
AU  - Tang, Fei
AU  - Peng, Min
AU  - Gao, Ying
AU  - Peng, Jing
AU  - Xie, Hui
AU  - Zhao, Yun
AU  - Jin, Zhichun
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.04.003
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.04.003
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - More clinical warning indicators should be explored for monitoring COVID-19 patients' condition
AU  - Yang, Chaojun
AU  - Yang, Jian
AU  - Zhang, Jing
AU  - Yang, Jun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International Journal of Cardiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2020.04.010
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167527320313061
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Transmission routes of 2019-novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)
AU  - Yang, C.
AU  - Ma, Q. Y.
AU  - Zheng, Y. H.
AU  - Yang, Y. X.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since the outbreak of COVID-19 in Wuhan, China, at the end of 2019, it has demonstrated China's ability to identify unknown pathogens. At present, reports showed that the main transmission routes are respiratory droplets and indirect contact, other vertical transmission routes have yet to be confirmed. This review discusses the possible transmission routes of 2019-novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), based on currently research, the main transmission routes are respiratory droplets and indirect contact, fecal-oral might bepossible, while aerosol, tear (conjunctival) and mother-to-fetus still have yet to be confirmed, providing a reference basis for 2019-nCoV prevention and control and public protection. 自2019年底，中国武汉暴发新型冠状病毒（2019-nCoV）肺炎以来，展现了我国对未知病原鉴定的能力。目前，报道的传播途径主要通过呼吸道飞沫和 间接接触传播为主，其他传播途径还有待证实。本文讨论了2019-nCoV的可能传播途径，现有研究证实呼吸道的飞沫传播和接触传播是主要途径，粪口途径 传播可能性比较大，气溶胶传播、泪液传播和母婴传播途径仍有待证实，为2019-nCoV的防控及公众防护提供参考依据。.
JO  - Zhonghua yu fang yi xue za zhi [Chinese journal of preventive medicine]
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 4
PG  - 374-377
SP  - 374
EP  - 377
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20200216-0016
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - Qingxia Zhong (2020-04-14 23:42:06)(Screen): DOI problem; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Association of chemosensory dysfunction and Covid-19 in patients presenting with influenza-like symptoms
AU  - Yan, Carol H.
AU  - Faraji, Farhoud
AU  - Prajapati, Divya P.
AU  - Boone, Christine E.
AU  - DeConde, Adam S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Rapid spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and concern for viral transmission by ambulatory patients with minimal to no symptoms underline the importance of identifying early or subclinical symptoms of Covid-19 infection. Two such candidate symptoms include anecdotally reported loss of smell and taste. Understanding the timing and association of smell/taste loss in Covid-19 may help facilitate screening and early isolation of cases. METHODS: A single-institution, cross-sectional study evaluating patient-reported symptoms with a focus on smell and taste was conducted using an internet-based platform on adult subjects who underwent testing for Covid-19. Logistic regression was employed to identify symptoms associated with Covid-19 positivity. RESULTS: A total of 1480 patients with influenza-like symptoms underwent Covid-19 testing between March 3 through 29, 2020. Our study captured 59 of 102 (58%) Covid-19-positive patients and 203 of 1378 (15%) Covid-19-negative patients. Smell and taste loss were reported in 68% (40/59) and 71% (42/59) of Covid-19-positive subjects, respectively, compared to 16% (33/203) and 17% (35/203) of Covid-19-negative patients (p<0.001). Smell and taste impairment were independently and strongly associated with Covid-19-positivity (anosmia: adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 10.9, 95%CI:5.08-23.5; ageusia: aOR 10.2 95%CI:4.74-22.1); whereas, sore throat was associated with Covid-19-negativity (aOR 0.23, 95%CI:0.11-0.50). Of patients who reported Covid-19-associated loss of smell, 74% (28/38) reported resolution of anosmia with clinical resolution of illness. CONCLUSIONS: In ambulatory individuals with influenza-like symptoms, chemosensory dysfunction was strongly associated with Covid-19 infection and should be considered when screening symptoms. Most will recover chemosensory function within weeks paralleling resolution of other disease-related symptoms. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - International forum of allergy & rhinology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/alr.22579
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: should we continue to cryopreserve sperm during the pandemic?
AU  - Yakass, Michael Bright
AU  - Woodward, Bryan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Reproductive BioMedicine Online
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rbmo.2020.04.004
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1472648320301838
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - ILROG Emergency Guidelines for Radiation Therapy of Hematological Malignancies During the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Yahalom, Joachim
AU  - Dabaja, Bouthaina S.
AU  - Ricardi, Umberto
AU  - Ng, Andrea
AU  - Mikhaeel, N. George
AU  - Vogelius, Ivan Richter
AU  - Illidge, Tim M.
AU  - Qi, Shunan
AU  - Wirth, Andrew
AU  - Specht, Lena
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The ILROG guidelines for using radiation therapy in hematological malignancies are widely used in many countries. The emergency situation created by the COVID-19 pandemic may result in limitations of treatment resources. Furthermore, in recognition of the need to also reduce the exposure of patients and staff to potential infection with COVID-19, the ILROG task force has made recommendations for alternative radiation treatment schemes. The emphasis is on maintaining clinical efficacy and safety by increasing the dose per fraction while reducing the number of daily treatments. The guidance is informed by adhering to acceptable radiobiological parameters and clinical tolerability. The options for delaying or omitting RT in some hematological categories are also discussed.
JO  - Blood
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1182/blood.2020006028
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Analysis on prevention plan of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by traditional Chinese medicine in various regions
AU  - Xu, X.
AU  - Zhang, Y.
AU  - Li, X.
AU  - Li, X. X.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - To analyze the prevention plan of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) issued by different regions after the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei Province, so as to understand the disease from the perspective of TCM and guide the clinical prevention and medication with TCM. The news and notices published on the internet were collected, from the first case of unexplained pneumonia in Wuhan officially reported on December 8, 2019 to February 1, 2020 in Beijing, Tianjin and other regions, and 13 programs of traditional Chinese medicine containing Chinese materia medica prescriptions to prevent COVID-19. Astragalus membranaceus, Yupingfeng Powder and other traditional Chinese medicines and prescriptions were often used in the 13 prevention programs for reinforcing vital qi. The epidemic occurred in winter, and the scheme was adapted to the local conditions. Ophiopogon japonicus, Scrophularia ningpoensis and other traditional Chinese medicine for nourishing yin and moistening dryness were mostly used in eight areas in the north, and Atractylodes lancea, Agastache rugosa and other aromatic dehumidification traditional Chinese medicine were mostly used in five areas in the south, the prevention plan was adapted to local conditions; Different prescriptions were adopted according to the variability of individuals to reflect the principle of suiting measures. In addition, we should also pay attention to the prevention measures such as isolation of pathogens, good living conditions, adjustment of emotions, diet and nutrition, and proper exercise. The prevention of COVID-19 by traditional Chinese medicine should pay attention to invigorating qi, dialectical prevention of drugs according to different climate, different regions and different groups of people, pay attention to comprehensive prevention, and flexibly use various measures to achieve the best prevention effect.
JO  - Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 51
IS  - 4
PG  - 866-872
SP  - 866
EP  - 872
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2020.04.006
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005487343 http://dx.doi.org/10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2020.04.006
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A call to action : the need for autopsies to determine the full extent of organ involvement associated with COVID-19 infections
AU  - Xu, Xinyang
AU  - Barth, Rolf F.
AU  - Buja, L. Maximilian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Chest
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2020.03.060
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012369220306875
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Factors associated with prolonged viral RNA shedding in patients with COVID-19
AU  - Xu, Kaijin
AU  - Chen, Yanfei
AU  - Yuan, Jing
AU  - Yi, Ping
AU  - Ding, Cheng
AU  - Wu, Wenrui
AU  - Li, Yongtao
AU  - Ni, Qin
AU  - Zou, Rongrong
AU  - Li, Xiaohe
AU  - Xu, Min
AU  - Zhang, Ying
AU  - Zhao, Hong
AU  - Zhang, Xuan
AU  - Yu, Liang
AU  - Su, Junwei
AU  - Lang, Guanjing
AU  - Liu, Jun
AU  - Wu, Xiaoxin
AU  - Guo, Yongzheng
AU  - Tao, Jingjing
AU  - Shi, Ding
AU  - Yu, Ling
AU  - Cao, Qing
AU  - Ruan, Bing
AU  - Liu, Lei
AU  - Wang, Zhaoqin
AU  - Xu, Yan
AU  - Liu, Yingxia
AU  - Sheng, Jifang
AU  - Li, Lanjuan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND An outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is becoming a public health emergency. Data are limited on the duration and host factors related to viral shedding. METHODS In this retrospective study, risk factors associated with severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA shedding were evaluated in a cohort of 113 symptomatic patients from two hospitals outside Wuhan. RESULTS The median duration of SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection was 17 days (Interquartile Range [IQR], 13-22 days) as measured from illness onset. When comparing patients with early (<15 days) and late viral RNA clearance (≥15 days after illness onset), prolonged SARS-CoV-2 RNA shedding was associated with male sex (p=0.009), old age (p=0.033), concomitated with hypertension (p=0.009), delayed admission to hospital after illness onset (p=0.001), severe illness at admission (p=0.049), invasive mechanical ventilation (p=0.006), and corticosteroid treatment (p=0.025). Patients with longer SARS-CoV-2 RNA shedding duration had slower recovery of body temperature (p<0.001) and focal absorption on radiograph images (p<0.001) than patients with early SARS-CoV-2 RNA clearance. Male sex (odds ratio [OR], 3.24 [95% CI, 1.31-8.02]), delayed hospital admission (OR, 1.30 [95% CI, 1.10-1.54]), and invasive mechanical ventilation (OR, 9.88 [95% CI, 1.11-88.02]) were independent risk factors for prolonged SARS-CoV-2 RNA shedding. CONCLUSIONS Male sex, delayed admission to hospital after illness onset, and invasive mechanical ventilation were associated with prolonged SARS-CoV-2 RNA shedding. Hospital admission and general treatments should be started as soon as possible in symptomatic COVID-19 patients, especially male patients.
JO  - Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa351
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32271376
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Asymptomatic and pre-symptomatic cases of COVID-19 contribution to spreading the epidemic and need for targeted control strategies]
AU  - Wu, Z. Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The asymptomatic carrier state of COVID-19 has become a topic of concern for preventing a possible epidemic rebound. This review describes and defines the COVID-19 asymptomatic carrier state and outlines methods for identifying counting and reporting these cases. The author elaborates that the asymptomatic carrier state can be further divided into asymptomatic infection and pre-symptomatic infection after extended follow-up based on the nature of disease progression. The author presents the limited available data about infectiousness of asymptomatic and pre-symptomatic cases and their possible contributions to the overall epidemic of COVID-19 observed so far in China. Challenges of a possible second epidemic wave of COVID-19 caused by asymptomatic and pre-symptomatic cases are discussed and suggestions for control strategies and scientific research are provided.
JO  - Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi = Zhonghua liuxingbingxue zazhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 0
PG  - E036-E036
SP  - E036
EP  - E036
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200406-00517
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Plasminogen improves lung lesions and hypoxemia in patients with COVID-19
AU  - Wu, Yuanyuan
AU  - Wang, Ting
AU  - Guo, Chunying
AU  - Zhang, Dongmei
AU  - Ge, Xiaojing
AU  - Huang, Zhaoxing
AU  - Zhou, Xianshan
AU  - Li, Yinping
AU  - Peng, Qingzhen
AU  - Li, Jinan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Lungs from patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have shown typical signs of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), formation of hyaline membrane mainly composed of fibrin, and 'ground-glass' opacity. Previously, we showed plasminogen itself is a key regulator in fibrin degradation, wound healing and infection. AIM: We aimed to investigate whether plasminogen can improve lung lesions and hypoxemia of COVID-19. DESIGN: Thirteen clinically moderate, severe or critical COVID-19 patients were treated with atomization inhalation of freeze-dried plasminogen. METHODS: Levels of their lung lesions, oxygen saturation and heart rates were compared before and after treatment by CT scanning images and patient monitor. RESULTS: After plasminogen inhalation, conditions of lung lesions in 5 clinically moderate patients have quickly improved, shown as the decreased range and density of 'ground glass' opacity. Improvements of oxygen saturation were observed in 6 clinically severe patients. In the 2 patients with critical conditions, the oxygen levels have significantly increased from 79-82% to 91% just about 1 hour after the first inhalation. In 8 of 13 patients the heart rates had slowed down. For the 5 clinically moderate patients, the difference is even statistically significant. Furthermore, a general relief of chest tightness was observed. CONCLUSION: Whereas it is reported that plasminogen is dramatically increased in adults with ARDS, this study suggests that additional plasminogen may be effective and efficient in treating lung lesions and hypoxemia during COVID-19 infections. Although further studies are needed, this study highlights a possible hope of efficiently combating this rapid epidemic emergency.
JO  - QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians
PB  - 
CY  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/qjmed/hcaa121
UR  - 
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - A comparison of burnout frequency among oncology physicians and nurses working on the front lines and usual wards during the COVID-19 epidemic in Wuhan, China
AU  - Wu, Yuan
AU  - Wang, Jun
AU  - Luo, Chenggang
AU  - Hu, Sheng
AU  - Lin, Xi
AU  - Anderson, Aimee E.
AU  - Bruera, Eduardo
AU  - Yang, Xiaoxin
AU  - Wei, Shaozhong
AU  - Qian, Yu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Context The epidemic of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) was first identified in Wuhan, China and has now spread worldwide. In the affected countries, physicians and nurses are under heavy workload conditions and are at high risk of infection. Objectives The aim of this study was to compare the frequency of burnout between physicians and nurses on the front line and those working in usual wards. Methods A survey with 49 questions total was administered to 220 medical staff members from the COVID-19 front lines and usual wards, with a ratio of 1:1. General information such as age, gender, marriage status, and the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Medical Personnel (MBI), were gathered and compared. Results The group working on the front lines had a lower frequency of burnout (13% versus 39%, P < .0001), and were less worried about being infected compared to the usual ward group. Conclusion Compared to medical staff working on their usual wards for uninfected patients, medical staff working on the COVID-19 front line had a lower frequency of burnout. These results suggest that in the face of the COVID-19 crisis, both front line and usual ward staff should be considered when policies and procedures to support the well-being of health care workers are devised.
JO  - Journal of Pain and Symptom Management
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2020.04.008
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0885392420302050
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Radiological findings and clinical characteristics of pregnant women with COVID-19 pneumonia
AU  - Wu, Xiaoqing
AU  - Sun, Ruihong
AU  - Chen, Jianpu
AU  - Xie, Yuanliang
AU  - Zhang, Shutong
AU  - Wang, Xiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE To study chest CT images and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 pneumonia in pregnant patients to examine any correlation. METHODS Between December 31, 2019 and March 7, 2020, 23 hospitalized pregnant patients with confirmed COVID-19 were enrolled in the study. Clinical presentations were collected retrospectively from records, including laboratory testing, chest CT imaging, and symptoms. Descriptive analysis and correlation of patients' clinical and CT characteristics were performed. Laboratory results from time of first admission and CT absorption (defined as reduction in lesion area, decrease in density, and absorption of some solid components) were compared between symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. RESULTS Fifteen (65.2%) patients were asymptomatic with patchy ground-glass opacity in a single lung lobe. Eight (34.8%) patients were symptomatic with multiple patchy ground-glass shadows, consolidation, and fibrous stripes. Differences in lymphocyte percentage and neutrophil granulocyte rate between first admission and CT absorption were significant (P<0.001). Median absorption time was shorter in the asymptomatic group compared with the symptomatic group (5 vs 10 days; P<0.001). Median hospitalization time between asymptomatic and symptomatic patients was 14 vs 25.5 days; P>0.001. Median absorption time and length of hospitalization for all patients was 6 days (IQR 5-8) and 17 days (IQR 13-25), respectively. CONCLUSION Radiological findings and clinical characteristics in pregnant women with COVID-19 were similar to those of non-pregnant women with COVID-19. Median absorption time and length of hospitalization in asymptomatic patients were significantly shorter than in symptomatic patients. Lymphocyte percentage and neutrophil granulocyte rate may be used as laboratory indicators of CT absorption.
JO  - International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/ijgo.13165
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32270479
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Author Correction: A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China (Nature, (2020), 579, 7798, (265-269), 10.1038/s41586-020-2008-3)
AU  - Wu, F.
AU  - Zhao, S.
AU  - Yu, B.
AU  - Chen, Y. M.
AU  - Wang, W.
AU  - Song, Z. G.
AU  - Hu, Y.
AU  - Tao, Z. W.
AU  - Tian, J. H.
AU  - Pei, Y. Y.
AU  - Yuan, M. L.
AU  - Zhang, Y. L.
AU  - Dai, F. H.
AU  - Liu, Y.
AU  - Wang, Q. M.
AU  - Zheng, J. J.
AU  - Xu, L.
AU  - Holmes, E. C.
AU  - Zhang, Y. Z.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41586-020-2202-3
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2004551893 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2202-3
NS  - 
N1  - Qingxia Zhong (2020-04-14 23:47:13)(Screen): correction to 258; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Positive effects of COVID-19 control measures on influenza prevention
AU  - Wu, Di
AU  - Lu, Jianyun
AU  - Liu, Yanhui
AU  - Zhang, Zhoubin
AU  - Luo, Lei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has now become a pandemic threat to the whole world. At the same time, influenza virus has been active, with influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2 sharing the same transmission routes. This article aims to alert clinicians of the presence of co-infection with these two viruses and to describe the effect of the measures taken to fight COVID-19 on influenza prevention and control.
JO  - International Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.04.009
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971220302253
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: A case series to support radiographer preliminary clinical evaluation
AU  - Woznitza, N.
AU  - Nair, A.
AU  - Hare, S. S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Radiography
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radi.2020.04.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1078817420300547
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Methodological challenges of analysing COVID-19 data during the pandemic
AU  - Wolkewitz, Martin
AU  - Puljak, Livia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BMC Medical Research Methodology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 20
IS  - 1
PG  - 81-81
SP  - 81
EP  - 81
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s12874-020-00972-6
UR  - https://bmcmedresmethodol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12874-020-00972-6
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Awareness, Attitudes, and Actions Related to COVID-19 Among Adults With Chronic Conditions at the Onset of the U.S. Outbreak: A Cross-sectional Survey
AU  - Wolf, Michael S.
AU  - Serper, Marina
AU  - Opsasnick, Lauren
AU  - O'Conor, Rachel M.
AU  - Curtis, Laura M.
AU  - Benavente, Julia Yoshino
AU  - Wismer, Guisselle
AU  - Batio, Stephanie
AU  - Eifler, Morgan
AU  - Zheng, Pauline
AU  - Russell, Andrea
AU  - Arvanitis, Marina
AU  - Ladner, Daniela
AU  - Kwasny, Mary
AU  - Persell, Stephen D.
AU  - Rowe, Theresa
AU  - Linder, Jeffrey A.
AU  - Bailey, Stacy C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: The evolving outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is requiring social distancing and other measures to protect public health. However, messaging has been inconsistent and unclear. OBJECTIVE: To determine COVID-19 awareness, knowledge, attitudes, and related behaviors among U.S. adults who are more vulnerable to complications of infection because of age and comorbid conditions. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey linked to 3 active clinical trials and 1 cohort study. SETTING: 5 academic internal medicine practices and 2 federally qualified health centers. PATIENTS: 630 adults aged 23 to 88 years living with 1 or more chronic conditions. MEASUREMENTS: Self-reported knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors related to COVID-19. RESULTS: A fourth (24.6%) of participants were "very worried" about getting the coronavirus. Nearly a third could not correctly identify symptoms (28.3%) or ways to prevent infection (30.2%). One in 4 adults (24.6%) believed that they were "not at all likely" to get the virus, and 21.9% reported that COVID-19 had little or no effect on their daily routine. One in 10 respondents was very confident that the federal government could prevent a nationwide outbreak. In multivariable analyses, participants who were black, were living below the poverty level, and had low health literacy were more likely to be less worried about COVID-19, to not believe that they would become infected, and to feel less prepared for an outbreak. Those with low health literacy had greater confidence in the federal government response. LIMITATION: Cross-sectional study of adults with underlying health conditions in 1 city during the initial week of the COVID-19 U.S. outbreak. CONCLUSION: Many adults with comorbid conditions lacked critical knowledge about COVID-19 and, despite concern, were not changing routines or plans. Noted disparities suggest that greater public health efforts may be needed to mobilize the most vulnerable communities. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: National Institutes of Health.
JO  - Annals of internal medicine
PB  - 
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AN  - 
DO  - 10.7326/M20-1239
UR  - 
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: Doctors and nurses donate samples to study disease
AU  - Wise, Jacqui
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Doctors and nurses working at the new emergency Nightingale Hospital in east London will be studied as part of a new research project into covid-19, which aims to provide answers about the early stage of the disease and why it affects some people more than others. The hospital’s head of research, James Moon, is appealing for public donations to fund the project to avoid the long delays that can happen with conventional funding. “We have no funding currently,” he told The BMJ . “The pandemic is a fast evolving situation, and we took the decision that we had to start immediately and find funding later.” He estimated that £1m (€1.14m; $1.24m) would be needed to set up the core architecture of the project. The research—a collaboration between Bart’s Health, University College London, and Queen Mary University London—will build up a unique library of blood and …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1446-m1446
SP  - m1446
EP  - m1446
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1446
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1446
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The COVID-19 pandemic: The ‘black swan’ for mental health care and a turning point for e-health
AU  - Wind, T. R.
AU  - Rijkeboer, M.
AU  - Andersson, G.
AU  - Riper, H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Internet Interventions
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 20
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.invent.2020.100317
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005501854 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.invent.2020.100317
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Primary Care Response to COVID-19 for Patients with an Opioid Use Disorder
AU  - Wilson, Courtenay Gilmore
AU  - Ramage, Melinda
AU  - Fagan, E. Blake
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jrh.12438
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and Union Prevention
AU  - Wich, Scott
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - One month ago, few people could have foreseen the scope and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. At the time of this writing for the current issue of Management Report, the United States has the most confirmed cases of COVID-19 in the world, the death toll is climbing, and experts say the situation will get worse before it gets better. Commerce in large areas of the country, including California and the Northeast, has largely shut down. The U.S. secretary of the treasury recently suggested that the U.S. unemployment rate could reach as high as 20 percent. Some economists have said it could go as high as during the economic devastation of the Great Depression, when the unemployment rate peaked at nearly 25 percent in 1933. Other economists have said it may reach 30 percent. It has been predicted that 37 million jobs may be the subject of temporary layoffs during this crisis, and 10 million may be lost permanently.
JO  - Management Report for Nonunion Organizations
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 5
PG  - 3-4
SP  - 3
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/mare.30595
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/mare.30595
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 pandemic planning: considerations for radiation oncology medical physics
AU  - Whitaker, May
AU  - Kron, Tomas
AU  - Sobolewski, Matthew
AU  - Dove, Richard
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-8
SP  - 1
EP  - 8
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s13246-020-00869-0
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s13246-020-00869-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Testing: The Threat of False-Negative Results
AU  - West, Colin P.
AU  - Montori, Victor M.
AU  - Sampathkumar, Priya
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Mayo Clinic Proceedings
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mayocp.2020.04.004
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025619620303657
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Editorial. Early lessons in the management of COVID-19 for the pediatric neurosurgical community from the leadership of the American Society of Pediatric Neurosurgeons
AU  - Wellons, John C.
AU  - Grant, Gerald
AU  - Krieger, Mark D.
AU  - Ragheb, John
AU  - Robinson, Shenandoah
AU  - Weprin, Bradley
AU  - Ojemann, Jeffrey
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of neurosurgery. Pediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3171/2020.3.PEDS20215
UR  - https://thejns.org/view/journals/j-neurosurg-pediatr/aop/article-10.3171-2020.3.PEDS20215/article-10.3171-2020.3.PEDS20215.xml http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32276256
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Presymptomatic Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 - Singapore, January 23-March 16, 2020
AU  - Wei, Wycliffe E.
AU  - Li, Zongbin
AU  - Chiew, Calvin J.
AU  - Yong, Sarah E.
AU  - Toh, Matthias P.
AU  - Lee, Vernon J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Presymptomatic transmission of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), might pose challenges for disease control. The first case of COVID-19 in Singapore was detected on January 23, 2020, and by March 16, a total of 243 cases had been confirmed, including 157 locally acquired cases. Clinical and epidemiologic findings of all COVID-19 cases in Singapore through March 16 were reviewed to determine whether presymptomatic transmission might have occurred. Presymptomatic transmission was defined as the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from an infected person (source patient) to a secondary patient before the source patient developed symptoms, as ascertained by exposure and symptom onset dates, with no evidence that the secondary patient had been exposed to anyone else with COVID-19. Seven COVID-19 epidemiologic clusters in which presymptomatic transmission likely occurred were identified, and 10 such cases within these clusters accounted for 6.4% of the 157 locally acquired cases. In the four clusters for which the date of exposure could be determined, presymptomatic transmission occurred 1-3 days before symptom onset in the presymptomatic source patient. To account for the possibility of presymptomatic transmission, officials developing contact tracing protocols should strongly consider including a period before symptom onset. Evidence of presymptomatic transmission of SARS-CoV-2 underscores the critical role social distancing, including avoidance of congregate settings, plays in controlling the COVID-19 pandemic.
JO  - MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 69
IS  - 14
PG  - 411-415
SP  - 411
EP  - 415
AN  - 
DO  - 10.15585/mmwr.mm6914e1
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Containing COVID-19 in the emergency room: the role of improved case detection and segregation of suspect cases
AU  - Wee, Liang En
AU  - Fua, Tzay-Ping
AU  - Chua, Ying Ying
AU  - Ho, Fu Wah Andrew
AU  - Sim, Xiang Ying Jean
AU  - Conceicao, Edwin Philip
AU  - Venkatachalam, Indumathi
AU  - Tan, Kenneth Boon-Kiat
AU  - Tan, Ban Hock
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - AIMS: Patients with COVID-19 may present with respiratory syndromes indistinguishable from common viruses. This poses a challenge for early detection during triage at the emergency department (ED). Over a 3-month period, our ED aimed to minimise nosocomial transmission by using broader suspect case criteria for better detection and using appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) for healthcare workers (HCWs) METHODS: All ED admissions with respiratory syndromes over a 3-month period were tested for COVID-19. The sensitivity and specificity of screening criteria in detecting COVID-19 was assessed. A risk-stratified approach was adopted for PPE usage in the ED, based on high-risk "fever areas" and lower-risk zones. When a case of COVID-19 was confirmed, surveillance was conducted for potentially exposed patients and HCWs. RESULTS: A total of 1,841 cases presenting with respiratory syndromes required admission over the study period. Amongst these, 70 cases of COVID-19 were subsequently confirmed. The majority (84.2%, 59/70) were picked up at ED triage as they fulfilled suspect case criteria. Of these, 34 met the official screening criteria; another 25 were picked up by the broader internal screening criteria. Over the 12-week period, the cumulative sensitivity of internal screening criteria was 84.3% (95% confidence interval, CI=73.6%-91.9%), whereas the sensitivity of the official screening criteria was 48.6% (95%CI=36.4%- 60.8%). Given the broadened internal criteria, the pre-existing ED "fever area" was insufficient and had to be expanded. However, there were no cases of nosocomial transmission from intra-ED exposure, despite extensive surveillance. CONCLUSION: Frontline physicians need to be given leeway to decide on the disposition of cases based on clinical suspicion during an ongoing outbreak of COVID-19. If a broader criterion is used at ED triage, ED facilities and isolation facilities need to be readied to accommodate a surge of suspect cases. Usage of appropriate PPE is essential in minimising nosocomial transmission.
JO  - Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/acem.13984
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Minimising intra-hospital transmission of COVID-19: the role of social distancing
AU  - Wee, Liang En
AU  - Conceicao
AU  - Philip, Edwin
AU  - Sim, Xiang Ying Jean
AU  - Aung, May Kyawt
AU  - Tan
AU  - Yuen, Kwee
AU  - Wong, Hei Man
AU  - Wijaya, Limin
AU  - Tan, Ban Hock
AU  - Ling, Moi Lin
AU  - Venkatachalam, Indumathi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Hospital Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2020.04.016
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0195670120301912
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Virtual health care in the era of COVID-19
AU  - Webster, Paul
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Patients are under lockdown and health workers are at risk of infection. Paul Webster reports on how telemedicine is being embraced like never before. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
JO  - Lancet (London, England)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10231
PG  - 1180-1181
SP  - 1180
EP  - 1181
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30818-7
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Utilization and Appropriateness of Transthoracic Echocardiography In Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Ward, R. Parker
AU  - Lee, Linda
AU  - Ward, Timothy J.
AU  - Lang, Roberto M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.echo.2020.04.006
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0894731720302170
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - scRNA-seq Profiling of Human Testes Reveals the Presence of the ACE2 Receptor, A Target for SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Spermatogonia, Leydig and Sertoli Cells
AU  - Wang, Zhengpin
AU  - Xu, Xiaojiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>In December 2019, a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) was identified in COVID-19 patients in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. SARS-CoV-2 shares both high sequence similarity and the use of the same cell entry receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV). Several studies have provided bioinformatic evidence of potential routes of SARS-CoV-2 infection in respiratory, cardiovascular, digestive and urinary systems. However, whether the reproductive system is a potential target of SARS-CoV-2 infection has not yet been determined. Here, we investigate the expression pattern of ACE2 in adult human testes at the level of single-cell transcriptomes. The results indicate that ACE2 is predominantly enriched in spermatogonia and Leydig and Sertoli cells. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) indicates that Gene Ontology (GO) categories associated with viral reproduction and transmission are highly enriched in ACE2-positive spermatogonia, while male gamete generation related terms are downregulated. Cell–cell junction and immunity-related GO terms are increased in ACE2-positive Leydig and Sertoli cells, but mitochondria and reproduction-related GO terms are decreased. These findings provide evidence that the human testis is a potential target of SARS-CoV-2 infection, which may have significant impact on our understanding of the pathophysiology of this rapidly spreading disease.</p>
JO  - Cells
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 4
PG  - 920-920
SP  - 920
EP  - 920
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/cells9040920
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/4/920
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Household Transmission of SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Wang, Zhongliang
AU  - Ma, Wanli
AU  - Zheng, Xin
AU  - Wu, Gang
AU  - Zhang, Ruiguang
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.040
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.040
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical Course and Outcomes of 344 Intensive Care Patients with COVID-19
AU  - Wang, Yang
AU  - Lu, Xiaofan
AU  - Chen, Hui
AU  - Chen, Taige
AU  - Su, Nan
AU  - Huang, Fang
AU  - Zhou, Jing
AU  - Zhang, Bing
AU  - Li, Yongsheng
AU  - Yan, Fangrong
AU  - Wang, Jun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1164/rccm.202003-0736LE
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32267160
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Limits of Detection of Six Approved RT–PCR Kits for the Novel SARS-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2)
AU  - Wang, Xueliang
AU  - Yao, Hangping
AU  - Xu, Xing
AU  - Zhang, Pengyin
AU  - Zhang, Minmin
AU  - Shao, Junbin
AU  - Xiao, Yanqun
AU  - Wang, Hualiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical Chemistry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/clinchem/hvaa099
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/clinchem/advance-article/doi/10.1093/clinchem/hvaa099/5819547
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Management of ophthalmic perioperative period during 2019 novel coronavirus disease outbreak
AU  - Wang, X.
AU  - Wang, Z.
AU  - Yao, C.
AU  - Li, S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To explore the perioperative management and infection prevention methods for acute eye diseases during the outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Methods: Since the COVID-19 was included in the Class B infectious diseases and was managed according to Class A infectious diseases in China, 127 patients who underwent ophthalmic surgery were enrolled in First Affiliated Hospital of Army Military Medical University from January 20 to February 19, 2020.The perioperative management according to the national epidemic prevention and control requirements was summarized, and the perioperative clinical management that should be taken during the epidemic prevention period were discussed. Results: One hundred and twenty-seven patients underwent ophthalmic surgeries, including emergency surgery, daytime surgery and other surgeries for sight-threatening diseases.The methods of anesthesia included general anesthesia, local anesthesia and ocular superficial anesthesia.According to the national epidemic prevention and control requirements, epidemic screening for these patients and infectious managing measures were performed during the perioperative period, including the sterilization of relevant environment and equipments, the personal medical prevention and protection for medical staffs and patients, which made sure all the operations went smoothly and safely.There were no 2019-nCoV infection, surgical-relative infection, crossing infection and operation-related complications occurred.Meanwhile, there were not COVID-19-related infection events of medical staffs.The air sampling compliance rate in the operating room, ward, examination room and other areas was 100%. Conclusions: During the prevention and control period of the epidemic of COVID-19, strict adherence to the prevention and control measures can effectively ensure the smooth implementation of the operation and the perioperative safety of medical staff and patients.
JO  - Zhonghua Shiyan Yanke Zazhi/Chinese Journal of Experimental Ophthalmology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 38
IS  - 3
PG  - 200-203
SP  - 200
EP  - 203
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn115989-20200224-00100
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005506524 http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.issn115989-20200224-00100
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Letter: Strategies for Prevention and Control of 2019 Novel Coronavirus Infection Among Medical Staff
AU  - Wang, Xuan
AU  - Wang, Min-Jie
AU  - Jiang, Xiao-Bing
AU  - Wang, Hai-Jun
AU  - Zhao, Hong-Yang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Neurosurgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/neuros/nyaa117
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/neurosurgery/advance-article/doi/10.1093/neuros/nyaa117/5819075
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Influenza-like illnesses caused by a cluster of imported Italian COVID-19
AU  - Wang, Wei
AU  - Zhou, Dajin
AU  - Jia, Xu
AU  - Feng, Youjun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The ongoing pandemic of 2019 corona-virus disease (COVID-19) is caused by an emerging family of SARS-CoV-2, threatening human health worldwide. Here we report a cluster of Italian COVID-19 imported to Lishui City, China. Of all the eight patients, 7 consistently display cough, a representative sign of influenza-like illness (ILI), and the remaining one is a cryptic case. This further our understanding a full spectrum of COVID-19 repertoire. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25869
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Care for diabetes with COVID-19: Advice from China
AU  - Wang, Weiqing
AU  - Lu, Jieli
AU  - Gu, Weiqiong
AU  - Zhang, Yifei
AU  - Liu, Jianmin
AU  - Ning, Guang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Diabetes
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/1753-0407.13036
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-0407.13036
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Attention should be paid to venous thromboembolism prophylaxis in the management of COVID-19
AU  - Wang, Tao
AU  - Chen, Ruchong
AU  - Liu, Chunli
AU  - Liang, Wenhua
AU  - Guan, Weijie
AU  - Tang, Ruidi
AU  - Tang, Chunli
AU  - Zhang, Nuofu
AU  - Zhong, Nanshan
AU  - Li, Shiyue
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December, 2019, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread globally, infecting more than 1 million people and causing more than 70 000 deaths.1,2 Among patients with COVID-19, especially those who are severely and critically ill, a variety of potential risk factors for venous thromboembolism exist, including infection, immobilisation, respiratory failure, mechanical ventilation, and central venous catheter use.3,4 However, to the best of our knowledge, risk of venous thromboembolism in these patients has not yet been reported.
JO  - The Lancet. Haematology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2352-3026(20)30109-5
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemiological and clinical features of 125 Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19 in Fuyang, Anhui, China
AU  - Wang, Ruirui
AU  - Pan, Min
AU  - Zhang, Xiumei
AU  - Fan, Xiaoyun
AU  - Han, Mingfeng
AU  - Zhao, Fengde
AU  - Miao, Manli
AU  - Xu, Jing
AU  - Guan, Minglong
AU  - Deng, Xia
AU  - Chen, Xu
AU  - Shen, Leilei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To investigate the epidemiological and clinical features of patients with COVID-19 in Anhui province of China. Method In this descriptive study, we obtained epidemiological, demographic, manifestations, laboratory data and radiological findings of patients confirmed by real-time RT-PCR in the NO.2 People’s Hospital of Fuyang City from Jan 20 to Feb 9, 2020. Clinical outcomes were followed up to Feb 18, 2020. Results Of 125 patients infected SARS-CoV-2, the mean age was 38.76 years (SD, 13.799) and 71(56.8%) were male. Common symptoms include fever [116 (92.8%)], cough [102(81.6%)], and shortness of breath [57(45.6%)]. Lymphocytopenia developed in 48(38.4%) patients. 100(80.0%) patients showed bilateral pneumonia, 26(20.8%) patients showed multiple mottling and ground-glass opacity. All patients were given antiviral therapy. 19(15.2%) patients were transferred to the intensive care unit. By February 18, 47(37.6%) patients were discharged and none of patients died. Among the discharged patients, the median time of length of stay was 14.8 days (SD 4.16). Conclusion In this single-center, retrospective, descriptive study, fever is the most common symptom. Old age, chronic underlying diseases and smoking history may be risk factors to worse condition. Certain laboratory inspection may contribute to the judgment of the severity of illness.
JO  - International Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.03.070
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971220302034
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Structural and Functional Basis of SARS-CoV-2 Entry by Using Human ACE2
AU  - Wang, Qihui
AU  - Zhang, Yanfang
AU  - Wu, Lili
AU  - Niu, Sheng
AU  - Song, Chunli
AU  - Zhang, Zengyuan
AU  - Lu, Guangwen
AU  - Qiao, Chengpeng
AU  - Hu, Yu
AU  - Yuen, Kwok-Yung
AU  - Wang, Qisheng
AU  - Zhou, Huan
AU  - Yan, Jinghua
AU  - Qi, Jianxun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Summary The recent emergence of a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) in China has caused significant public health concerns. Recently, ACE2 was reported as an entry receptor for SARS-CoV-2. In this study, we present the crystal structure of the C-terminal domain of SARS-CoV-2 (SARS-CoV-2-CTD) spike (S) protein in complex with human ACE2 (hACE2), which reveals a hACE2-binding mode similar overall to that observed for SARS-CoV. However, atomic details at the binding interface demonstrate that key residue substitutions in SARS-CoV-2-CTD slightly strengthen the interaction and lead to higher affinity for receptor binding than SARS-RBD. Additionally, a panel of murine monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and polyclonal antibodies (pAbs) against SARS-CoV-S1/receptor-binding domain (RBD) were unable to interact with the SARS-CoV-2 S protein, indicating notable differences in antigenicity between SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2. These findings shed light on the viral pathogenesis and provide important structural information regarding development of therapeutic countermeasures against the emerging virus.
JO  - Cell
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2020.03.045
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S009286742030338X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A method to prevent SARS-CoV-2 IgM false positives in gold immunochromatography and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays
AU  - Wang, Qiang
AU  - Du, Qin
AU  - Guo, Bin
AU  - Mu, Daiyong
AU  - Lu, Xiaolan
AU  - Ma, Qiang
AU  - Guo, Yangliu
AU  - Fang, Li
AU  - Zhang, Bing
AU  - Zhang, Guoyuan
AU  - Guo, Xiaolan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To investigate the interference factors that lead to false-positive novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) IgM detected using gold immunochromatography assay (GICA) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the corresponding solutions.Methods: GICA and ELISA were used to detect SARS-CoV-2 IgM in 86 serum samples, including 5 influenza A virus (Flu A) IgM-positive sera, 5 influenza B virus (Flu B) IgM-positive sera, 5 Mycoplasma pneumoniae IgM-positive sera, 5 Legionella pneumophila IgM-positive sera, 6 sera of HIV infection patients, 36 rheumatoid factor IgM (RF-IgM)-positive sera, 5 sera from hypertensive patients, 5 sera from diabetes mellitus patients, and 14 sera from novel coronavirus infection disease (COVID-19) patients. The interference factors causing false-positive reactivity in the two methods were analyzed, and the urea dissociation test was employed to dissociate the SARS-CoV-2 IgM-positive serum using the best dissociation concentration.Results: Two methods detected positive SARS-CoV-2 IgM in 22 middle-high level RF-IgM-positive sera and 14 sera from COVID-19 patients; the other 50 sera were negative. When urea dissociation concentration was 6 mol/L, SARS-CoV-2 IgM were positive in 1 middle-high level RF-IgM-positive sera and in 14 COVID-19 patient sera detected using GICA. When urea dissociation concentration was 4 mol/L and the avidity index (AI) lower than 0.371 was set to negative, SARS-CoV-2 IgM were positive in 3 middle-high level RF-IgM-positive sera and in 14 COVID-19 patient sera detected using ELISA.Conclusion: Middle-high level of RF-IgM could lead to false-positive reactivity of SARS-CoV-2 IgM detected using GICA and ELISA, and urea dissociation tests would be helpful in reducing false-positive results of SARS-CoV-2 IgM.
JO  - Journal of clinical microbiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1128/JCM.00375-20
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32277023
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The COVID-19 outbreak: issue of face masks
AU  - Wang, Ming-Wei
AU  - Cheng, Yong-ran
AU  - Ye, Lan
AU  - Zhou, Meng-Yun
AU  - Chen, Juan
AU  - Feng, Zhan-hui
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We appreciate Wang Q et al have reported the role of masks/respirator protection against COVID-19.1 However, with the progress of COVID-19 epidemic, as of April 1, 2020, a total of 75948 cases have been confirmed by World Health Organization, and 36571 deaths have been declared. Face masks can prevent human-to-human airway transmission of such infections effectively,2,3 Thus, Asian countries such as China, South Korea and Japan encourage the public to wear face masks in public areas. China
JO  - Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-5
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/ice.2020.129
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/covid19-outbreak-issue-of-face-masks/76DD0766082548F9BEF74FF85B152324
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Evaluation of control measures for COVID-19 in Wuhan, China
AU  - Wang, Ligui
AU  - Chen, Hui
AU  - Qiu, Shaofu
AU  - Song, Hongbin
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.043
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.043
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Potential for Antibody-Dependent Enhancement of SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Translational Implications for Vaccine Development
AU  - Wang, Jiong
AU  - Zand, Martin S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - There is an urgent need for vaccines to the 2019 coronavirus (COVID19; SARS-CoV-2). Vaccine development may not be straightforward, due to antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE). Antibodies against viral surface proteins can, in some cases, increase infection severity by ADE. This phenomenon occurs in SARS-CoV-1, MERS, HIV, Zika and dengue virus infection and vaccination. Lack of high-affinity anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG in children may explain the decreased severity of infection in these groups. Here, we discuss the evidence for ADE in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection, and how to address this potential translational barrier to vaccine development, convalescent plasma, and targeted monoclonal antibody therapies.
JO  - Journal of Clinical and Translational Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-11
SP  - 1
EP  - 11
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/cts.2020.39
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/potential-for-antibodydependent-enhancement-of-sarscov2-infection-translational-implications-for-vaccine-development/504FE38E2475590EFE93872BC6D67D3D
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Epidemic and Geriatric Mental Healthcare in China: How a Coordinated Response by Professional Organizations Helped Older Adults During an Unprecedented Crisis
AU  - Wang, Huali
AU  - Li, Tao
AU  - Gauthier, Serge
AU  - Yu, Enyan
AU  - Tang, Yanqing
AU  - Barbarino, Paola
AU  - Yu, Xin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - During these unprecedented times, Chinese professional organizations brought together geriatric mental healthcare teams of diverse disciplines and coordinated psychosocial support for older adults and their caregivers affected by the coronavirus epidemic. Learning lessons from China may empower the world to address the mental health needs of older people in a timely manner during the COVID-19 pandemic and emergency crisis. Why Old Adults Became More Vulnerable In the Chinese example there was a convergence of many factors that led to the development of mental health and behavioral problems. First, older adults had low awareness and limited access to accurate information and facts about the COVID-19 outbreak. This resulted in either excessive worries or in obliviousness to the warnings. Second, older adults attended family gatherings during the Chinese New Year. Such types of social activities increased their risk of being exposed to virus transmission which then resulted in quarantine and isolation in case of suspected or confirmed cases of the virus. Third, the strict security measures in the community prevented outdoor social activities, such as square dancing, park exercises, and parties. Fourth, the extended lock-down rules in nursing homes blocked face-to-face communications between older adults and their families (Ministry of Civil Affairs of China, 2020). Last, but not least, some older adults who lived alone or did not have close relatives lost their domestic helpers who were prohibited from travelling, or were in quarantine themselves, upon returning from lockdown areas.
JO  - International Psychogeriatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-7
SP  - 1
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/S1041610220000551
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/coronavirus-epidemic-and-geriatric-mental-healthcare-in-china-how-a-coordinated-response-by-professional-organizations-helped-older-adults-during-an-unprecedented-crisis/7CC6EA38D50B0391BB5B9B05EC116A23
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chinese Association of Anesthesiologists Expert Consensus on the Use of Perioperative Ultrasound in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients
AU  - Wang, E.
AU  - Mei, Wei
AU  - Shang, You
AU  - Zhang, Changsheng
AU  - Yang, Lujia
AU  - Ma, Yulong
AU  - Chen, Yan
AU  - Huang, Jiapeng
AU  - Zhu, Tao
AU  - Mi, Weidong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2020.04.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053077020303256
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Longitudinal Study on the Mental Health of General Population during the COVID-19 Epidemic in China
AU  - Wang, Cuiyan
AU  - Pan, Riyu
AU  - Wan, Xiaoyang
AU  - Tan, Yilin
AU  - Xu, Linkang
AU  - McIntyre, Roger S.
AU  - Choo, Faith N.
AU  - Tran, Bach
AU  - Ho, Roger
AU  - Sharma, Vijay K.
AU  - Ho, Cyrus
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In addition to being a public physical health emergency, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) affected global mental health, as evidenced by panic-buying worldwide as cases soared. Little is known about changes in levels of psychological impact, stress, anxiety and depression during this pandemic. This longitudinal study surveyed the general population twice - during the initial outbreak, and the epidemic's peak four weeks later, surveying demographics, symptoms, knowledge, concerns, and precautionary measures against COVID-19. There were 1738 respondents from 190 Chinese cities (1210 first-survey respondents, 861 second-survey respondents; 333 respondents participated in both). Psychological impact and mental health status were assessed by the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21), respectively. IES-R measures PTSD symptoms in survivorship after an event. DASS -21 is based on tripartite model of psychopathology that comprise a general distress construct with distinct characteristics. This study found that there was a statistically significant longitudinal reduction in mean IES-R scores (from 32.98 to 30.76, p<0.01) after 4 weeks. Nevertheless, the mean IES-R score of the first- and second-survey respondents were above the cut-off scores (>24) for PTSD symptoms, suggesting that the reduction in scores was not clinically significant. During the initial evaluation, moderate-to-severe stress, anxiety and depression were noted in 8.1%, 28.8% and 16.5%, respectively and there were no significant longitudinal changes in stress, anxiety and depression levels (p>0.05). Protective factors included high level of confidence in doctors, perceived survival likelihood and low risk of contracting COVID-19, satisfaction with health information, personal precautionary measures. As countries around the world brace for an escalation in cases, Governments should focus on effective methods of disseminating unbiased COVID-19 knowledge, teaching correct containment methods, ensuring availability of essential services/commodities, and providing sufficient financial support.
JO  - Brain, Behavior, and Immunity
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.028
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0889159120305110
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Does comorbidity increase the risk of patients with COVID-19: evidence from meta-analysis
AU  - Wang, Bolin
AU  - Li, Ruobao
AU  - Lu, Zhong
AU  - Huang, Yan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Currently, the number of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has increased rapidly, but relationship between comorbidity and patients with COVID-19 still not clear. The aim was to explore whether the presence of common comorbidities increases COVID-19 patients' risk. A literature search was performed using the electronic platforms (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and other databases) to obtain relevant research studies published up to March 1, 2020. Relevant data of research endpoints in each study were extracted and merged. All data analysis was performed using Stata12.0 software. A total of 1558 patients with COVID-19 in 6 studies were enrolled in our meta-analysis eventually. Hypertension (OR: 2.29, P<0.001), diabetes (OR: 2.47, P<0.001), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (OR: 5.97, P<0.001), cardiovascular disease (OR: 2.93, P<0.001), and cerebrovascular disease (OR:3.89, P=0.002)were independent risk factors associated with COVID-19 patients. The meta-analysis revealed no correlation between increased risk of COVID-19 and liver disease, malignancy, or renal disease. Hypertension, diabetes, COPD, cardiovascular disease, and cerebrovascular disease are major risk factors for patients with COVID-19. Knowledge of these risk factors can be a resource for clinicians in the early appropriate medical management of patients with COVID-19.
JO  - Aging
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 12
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.18632/aging.103000
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32267833
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-COV-2 infection is likely to be androgen mediated
AU  - Wambier, Carlos Gustavo
AU  - Goren, Andy
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2020.04.032
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0190962220306083
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Grief During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Considerations for Palliative Care Providers
AU  - Wallace, Cara L.
AU  - Wladkowski, Stephanie P.
AU  - Gibson, Allison
AU  - White, Patrick
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 pandemic is anticipated to continue spreading widely across the globe throughout 2020. To mitigate the devastating impact of COVID-19, social distancing and visitor restrictions in healthcare facilities have been widely implemented. Such policies and practices, along with the direct impact of the spread of COVID-19, complicate issues of grief that are relevant to medical providers. We describe the relationship of the COVID-19 pandemic to anticipatory grief, disenfranchised grief, and complicated grief for individuals, families, and their providers. Further, we provide discussion regarding countering this grief through communication, advance care planning, and self-care practices. We provide resources for healthcare providers, in addition to calling on palliative care providers to consider their own role as a resource to other specialties during this public health emergency.
JO  - Journal of Pain and Symptom Management
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2020.04.012
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0885392420302074
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus disease 2019: Utilizing an ethical framework for rationing absolutely scarce healthcare resources in transplant allocation decisions
AU  - Wall, Anji E.
AU  - Pruett, Timothy
AU  - Stock, Peter
AU  - Testa, Giuliano
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract The novel Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is impacting transplant programs around the world, and, as the center of the pandemic shifts to the United States, we have to prepare to make decisions about which patients to transplant during times of constrained resources. In this paper, we discuss how to transition from the traditional justice versus utility consideration in organ allocation to a more nuanced allocation scheme based on ethical values that drive decisions in times of absolute scarcity. We recognize that many decisions are made based on the practical limitations that transplant programs face, especially at the extremes. As programs make the transition from a standard approach to a resource constrained approach to transplantation, we utilize a framework for ethical decisions in settings of absolutely scarce resources to help guide programs in deciding which patients to transplant, which donors to accept, how to minimize risk, and how to ensure the best utilization of transplant team members.
JO  - American Journal of Transplantation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/ajt.15914
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/ajt.15914
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The use of google trends to investigate the loss of smell related searches during COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Walker, Abigail
AU  - Hopkins, Claire
AU  - Surda, Pavol
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Initial reports describing COVID-19 were dominated by the presence of cough, breathlessness, and fever, anecdotal reports suggested anosmia may also be a manifestation. We sought to use Google Trends (GT) to investigate whether there was a surge in individuals searching for information related to smell loss during the COVID-19 epidemic in the Italy, Spain, UK, USA, Germany, France, Iran and Netherlands. METHODS: GT was used to explore Internet activity related to loss of smell in Italy, Spain, UK, USA, Germany, France, Iran and Netherlands. Spearman rank analysis was performed to correlate loss of smell relative search volumes (RSV) with the increases of daily confirmed cases of COVID-19 and deaths attributed to disease. As a control event, we also performed analysis of smell-related searches during the last UK Influenza epidemic of 2009. RESULTS: In all three countries, we observed strong correlations between daily RSVs related to loss of smell, increases of daily COVID-19+ cases and deaths ranging from 0.633 to 0.952. All correlations were statistically significant (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: There is a strong correlation between the frequency of searches for smell-related information and the onset of COVID-19 infection in Italy, Spain, UK, USA, Germany, France, Iran and Netherlands. We would hypothesise this may relate to a previously under-recognised symptom. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - International forum of allergy & rhinology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/alr.22580
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Three unsuspected CT diagnoses of COVID-19
AU  - Vu, David
AU  - Ruggiero, Maryanne
AU  - Choi, Woo Sung
AU  - Masri, Daniel
AU  - Flyer, Mark
AU  - Shyknevsky, Inna
AU  - Stein, Evan G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by a novel strain of coronavirus named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that has quickly spread around the globe. Health care facilities in the USA currently do not have an adequate supply of COVID-19 tests to meet the growing demand. Imaging findings for COVID-19 are non-specific but include pulmonary parenchymal ground-glass opacities in a predominantly basal and peripheral distribution. Three patients were imaged for non-respiratory-related symptoms with a portion of the lungs in the imaged field. Each patient had suspicious imaging findings for COVID-19, prompting the interpreting radiologist to suggest testing for COVID-19. All 3 patients turned out to be infected with COVID-19, and one patient is the first reported case of the coincident presentation of COVID-19 and an intraparenchymal hemorrhage. Using imaging characteristics of COVID-19 on abdominal or neck CT when a portion of the lungs is included, patients not initially suspected of COVID-19 infection can be quarantined earlier to limit exposure to others.
JO  - Emergency Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s10140-020-01775-4
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10140-020-01775-4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Understanding the Dynamics of COVID-19
AU  - Vollmer, Robin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - American Journal of Clinical Pathology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/ajcp/aqaa060
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/ajcp/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ajcp/aqaa060/5819560
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - What Is the Appropriate Use of Laparoscopy over Open Procedures in the Current COVID-19 Climate?
AU  - Vigneswaran, Yalini
AU  - Prachand, Vivek N.
AU  - Posner, Mitchell C.
AU  - Matthews, Jeffrey B.
AU  - Hussain, Mustafa
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Among surgeons worldwide, a concern with the use of minimally invasive techniques has been raised due to a proposed risk of viral transmission of the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) with the creation of pneumoperitoneum. Due to this proposed concern, we sought to collect the available data and evaluate the use of laparoscopy and the risk of COVID-19 transmission. A literature review of viral transmission in surgery and of the available literature regarding the transmission of the COVID-19 virus was performed. We additionally reviewed surgical society guidelines and recommendations regarding surgery during this pandemic. Few studies have been performed on viral transmission during surgery, but to date there is no study that demonstrates or can suggest the ability for a virus to be transmitted during surgical treatment whether open or laparoscopic. There is no societal consensus on limiting or restricting laparoscopic or robotic surgery; however, there is expert consensus on the modification of standard practices to minimize any risk of transmission. Despite very little evidence to support viral transmission through laparoscopic or open approaches, we recommend making modifications to surgical practice such as the use of smoke evacuation and minimizing energy device use among other measures to minimize operative staff exposure to aerosolized particles.
JO  - Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-6
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11605-020-04592-9
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11605-020-04592-9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - An uneven pandemic
AU  - Vaughan, Adam
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus will play out very differently in the world's poorest nations
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 246
IS  - 3277
PG  - 8-9
SP  - 8
EP  - 9
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30704-1
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920307041
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Improving staff safety during tracheostomy in COVID-19 patients
AU  - Vargas, Maria
AU  - Servillo, Giuseppe
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Head & neck
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/hed.26163
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32270574
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: A Brief Overview of the Discovery Clinical Trial
AU  - Vanden Eynde, Jean Jacques
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>The outbreak of COVID-19 is leading to a tremendous search for curative treatments. The urgency of the situation favors a repurposing of active drugs but not only antivirals. This short communication focuses on four treatments recommended by WHO and included in the first clinical trial of the European Discovery project.</p>
JO  - Pharmaceuticals
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 13
IS  - 4
PG  - 65-65
SP  - 65
EP  - 65
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/ph13040065
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/13/4/65
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Sterilization of disposable face masks by means of standardized dry and steam sterilization processes; an alternative in the fight against mask shortages due to COVID-19
AU  - van Straten, B.
AU  - de Man, P.
AU  - van den Dobbelsteen, J.
AU  - Koeleman, H.
AU  - van der Eijk, A.
AU  - Horeman, T.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of hospital infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jhin.2020.04.001
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - FFP2-mondmasker of chirurgisch mondkapje bij COVID-19
AU  - van Hylckama Vlieg, Astrid
AU  - Rosendaal, Frits
AU  - Mook-Kanamori, Dennis
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Het aantal patiënten met COVID-19 neemt in rap tempo toe. Bescherming van medisch personeel is van groot belang om de ziekte onder medisch personeel te voorkomen en continuïteit in de zorg te waarborgen. Welk mondkapje heeft dan de voorkeur voor huisartsen: een FFP2-mondmasker of een chirurgisch mondkapje? Er is hiernaar nog geen specifiek onderzoek verricht bij het coronavirus, maar bij kortdurend contact in de eerste lijn lijkt er geen verschil tussen beide te zijn. Daarnaast is het nog onduidelijk of chirurgische mondkapjes vergelijkbare bescherming bieden bij langdurig of meervoudig contact.
JO  - Huisarts en wetenschap
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12445-020-0586-9
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12445-020-0586-9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: Reducing the risk of infection might increase the risk of intimate partner violence
AU  - van Gelder, N.
AU  - Peterman, A.
AU  - Potts, A.
AU  - O'Donnell, M.
AU  - Thompson, K.
AU  - Shah, N.
AU  - Oertelt-Prigione, S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - EClinicalMedicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 100348-100348
SP  - 100348
EP  - 100348
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100348
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589537020300924
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Detection of novel coronaviruses in bats in Myanmar
AU  - Valitutto, Marc T.
AU  - Aung, Ohnmar
AU  - Tun, Kyaw Yan Naing
AU  - Vodzak, Megan E.
AU  - Zimmerman, Dawn
AU  - Yu, Jennifer H.
AU  - Win, Ye Tun
AU  - Maw, Min Thein
AU  - Thein, Wai Zin
AU  - Win, Htay Htay
AU  - Dhanota, Jasjeet
AU  - Ontiveros, Victoria
AU  - Smith, Brett
AU  - Tremeau-Brevard, Alexandre
AU  - Goldstein, Tracey
AU  - Johnson, Christine K.
AU  - Murray, Suzan
AU  - Mazet, Jonna
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The recent emergence of bat-borne zoonotic viruses warrants vigilant surveillance in their natural hosts. Of particular concern is the family of coronaviruses, which includes the causative agents of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), and most recently, Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), an epidemic of acute respiratory illness originating from Wuhan, China in December 2019. Viral detection, discovery, and surveillance activities were undertaken in Myanmar to identify viruses in animals at high risk contact interfaces with people. Free-ranging bats were captured, and rectal and oral swabs and guano samples collected for coronaviral screening using broadly reactive consensus conventional polymerase chain reaction. Sequences from positives were compared to known coronaviruses. Three novel alphacoronaviruses, three novel betacoronaviruses, and one known alphacoronavirus previously identified in other southeast Asian countries were detected for the first time in bats in Myanmar. Ongoing land use change remains a prominent driver of zoonotic disease emergence in Myanmar, bringing humans into ever closer contact with wildlife, and justifying continued surveillance and vigilance at broad scales.
JO  - PLOS ONE
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 15
IS  - 4
PG  - e0230802-e0230802
SP  - e0230802
EP  - e0230802
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1371/journal.pone.0230802
UR  - https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0230802
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Responding to Pandemics: What We’ve Learned from HIV/AIDS
AU  - Valdiserri, Ronald O.
AU  - Holtgrave, David R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - AIDS and Behavior
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s10461-020-02859-5
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10461-020-02859-5
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The COVID-19 pandemic and mental health impacts
AU  - Usher, Kim
AU  - Durkin, Joanne
AU  - Bhullar, Navjot
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Mental Health and the Covid-19 Pandemic Many aspects of the Covid-19 pandemic and the public health response to it will undoubtedly contribute to widespread emotional distress and increased risk fo...
JO  - International journal of mental health nursing
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - NEJMp2008017-NEJMp2008017
SP  - NEJMp2008017
EP  - NEJMp2008017
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/inm.12726
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32277578
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Why does SARS-CoV-2 invade the gastrointestinal epithelium?
AU  - Uno, Yoshiharu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Gastroenterology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2020.04.006
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016508520304698
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - An Evolving Case of Respiratory Distress
AU  - Ullo, Michael
AU  - Sugalski, Gregory
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians Open
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/emp2.12082
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/emp2.12082
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: Thoughts and comments from a Tertiary Liver Transplant Center in France
AU  - Tzedakis, Stylianos
AU  - Jeddou, Heithem
AU  - Houssel-Debry, Pauline
AU  - Sulpice, Laurent
AU  - Boudjema, Karim
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract We read with interest the analysis on modern approaches to organ transplantation during the COVID-19 pandemic by Kumar et al.1. Following the December 2019 SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in China, France is now fifth in number of deaths worldwide while at the same time hosting one of the biggest European liver transplantation programs.
JO  - American Journal of Transplantation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/ajt.15918
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/ajt.15918
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mathematical modeling of COVID-19 transmission and mitigation strategies in the population of Ontario, Canada
AU  - Tuite, Ashleigh
AU  - Fisman, David N.
AU  - Greer, Amy L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background: We evaluated how non-pharmaceutical interventions could be used to control the COVID-19 pandemic and reduce the burden on the healthcare system. Methods: Using an age-structured compartmental model of COVID-19 transmission in the population of Ontario, Canada, we compared a base case with limited testing, isolation, and quarantine to scenarios with: enhanced case finding; restrictive social distancing measures; or a combination of enhanced case finding and less restrictive social distancing. Interventions were either implemented for fixed durations or dynamically cycled on and off, based on projected ICU bed occupancy. We present median and credible intervals (CrI) from 100 replicates per scenario using a two-year time horizon. Results: We estimated that 56% (95% CrI: 42-63%) of the Ontario population would be infected over the course of the epidemic in the base case. At the epidemic peak, we projected 107,000 (95% CrI: 60,760-149,000) cases in hospital and 55,500 (95% CrI: 32,700-75,200) cases in ICU. For fixed duration scenarios, all interventions were projected to delay and reduce the height of the epidemic peak relative to the base case, with restrictive social distancing estimated to have the greatest effect. Longer duration interventions were more effective. Dynamic interventions were projected to reduce the proportion of the population infected at the end of the two-year period. Dynamic social distancing interventions could reduce the median number of cases in ICU below current estimates of Ontario's ICU capacity. Interpretation: Without significant social distancing or a combination of moderate social distancing with enhanced case finding, we project that ICU resources would be overwhelmed. Dynamic social distancing could maintain health system capacity and also allow periodic psychological and economic respite for populations. ### Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest. ### Funding Statement The research was supported by a grant to DNF from the Canadians Institutes for Health Research (2019 COVID-19 rapid researching funding OV4-170360). ### Author Declarations All relevant ethical guidelines have been followed; any necessary IRB and/or ethics committee approvals have been obtained and details of the IRB/oversight body are included in the manuscript. Yes All necessary patient/participant consent has been obtained and the appropriate institutional forms have been archived. Yes I understand that all clinical trials and any other prospective interventional studies must be registered with an ICMJE-approved registry, such as ClinicalTrials.gov. I confirm that any such study reported in the manuscript has been registered and the trial registration ID is provided (note: if posting a prospective study registered retrospectively, please provide a statement in the trial ID field explaining why the study was not registered in advance). Yes I have followed all appropriate research reporting guidelines and uploaded the relevant EQUATOR Network research reporting checklist(s) and other pertinent material as supplementary files, if applicable. Yes Data are available from the corresponding author on request.
JO  - medRxiv
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 2020.03.24.20042705-2020.03.24.20042705
SP  - 2020.03.24.20042705
EP  - 2020.03.24.20042705
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1101/2020.03.24.20042705
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Review of SARS-CoV-2 and the Ongoing Clinical Trials
AU  - Tu, Yung-Fang
AU  - Chien, Chian-Shiu
AU  - Yarmishyn, Aliaksandr A.
AU  - Lin, Yi-Ying
AU  - Luo, Yung-Hung
AU  - Lin, Yi-Tsung
AU  - Lai, Wei-Yi
AU  - Yang, De-Ming
AU  - Chou, Shih-Jie
AU  - Yang, Yi-Ping
AU  - Wang, Mong-Lien
AU  - Chiou, Shih-Hwa
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>The sudden outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV, later named SARS-CoV-2) in Wuhan, China, which rapidly grew into a global pandemic, marked the third introduction of a virulent coronavirus into the human society, affecting not only the healthcare system, but also the global economy. Although our understanding of coronaviruses has undergone a huge leap after two precedents, the effective approaches to treatment and epidemiological control are still lacking. In this article, we present a succinct overview of the epidemiology, clinical features, and molecular characteristics of SARS-CoV-2. We summarize the current epidemiological and clinical data from the initial Wuhan studies, and emphasize several features of SARS-CoV-2, which differentiate it from SARS-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), such as high variability of disease presentation. We systematize the current clinical trials that have been rapidly initiated after the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic. Whereas the trials on SARS-CoV-2 genome-based specific vaccines and therapeutic antibodies are currently being tested, this solution is more long-term, as they require thorough testing of their safety. On the other hand, the repurposing of the existing therapeutic agents previously designed for other virus infections and pathologies happens to be the only practical approach as a rapid response measure to the emergent pandemic, as most of these agents have already been tested for their safety. These agents can be divided into two broad categories, those that can directly target the virus replication cycle, and those based on immunotherapy approaches either aimed to boost innate antiviral immune responses or alleviate damage induced by dysregulated inflammatory responses. The initial clinical studies revealed the promising therapeutic potential of several of such drugs, including favipiravir, a broad-spectrum antiviral drug that interferes with the viral replication, and hydroxychloroquine, the repurposed antimalarial drug that interferes with the virus endosomal entry pathway. We speculate that the current pandemic emergency will be a trigger for more systematic drug repurposing design approaches based on big data analysis.</p>
JO  - International Journal of Molecular Sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 21
IS  - 7
PG  - 2657-2657
SP  - 2657
EP  - 2657
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/ijms21072657
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/7/2657
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Development of a protective device for RT-PCR testing of COVID-19
AU  - Tsuchida, Tomoya
AU  - Fujitani, Shigeki
AU  - Yamasaki, Yukitaka
AU  - Kunishima, Hiroyuki
AU  - Matsuda, Takahide
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Currently, the diagnostic gold standard is the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). From the sensitivity perspective, sputum samples are preferable for examination.2 If acquiring sputum sample is difficult, health worker can collect sample from nasopharynx3. Getting sample from nasopharynx may be a risk of patient’s sneezing or coughing, and health worker could be potentially exposed to the virus. Therefore, health worker is required to wear personal protective equipment (PPE) for each examination and procedure. However, PPE is difficult to put on and take off and carry the risk of infection. Furthermore, if the demand for RT-PCR increases under conditions where medical resources are scarce, it might be difficult to sample and test specimens. On March 14, 2020, we developed a protective box (product name: Star Ball Shield) to be used in patients with suspected COVID-19 during clinical examinations or performance of RT-PCR in collaboration with Star Ball Co. Ltd., Kitakyushu City, Japan. The shield was made by processing waterproof cardboard and is collapsible and easy to carry.
JO  - Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-5
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/ice.2020.121
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/development-of-a-protective-device-for-rtpcr-testing-of-covid19/DA7B1C2E230538A8ABF19F964CA31F7A
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Planning and coordination of the radiological response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic: the Singapore experience
AU  - Tsou, I. Y. Y.
AU  - Liew, C. J. Y.
AU  - Tan, B. P.
AU  - Chou, H.
AU  - Wong, S. B. S.
AU  - Loke, K. S. H.
AU  - Quah, R. C. W.
AU  - Tan, A. G. S.
AU  - Tay, K. H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread fast and extensively around the world, with significant mortality and morbidity. As this is a respiratory infection, chest radiography and computed tomography (CT) are important imaging techniques in the work-up of this disease. Given its highly infectious nature, cross-infection within the healthcare setting and radiology departments needs to be addressed actively and prevented. We describe the response of radiology departments in Singapore to this pandemic, in terms of diagnosis, re-configuration of the department, re-organisation and segregation of staff, infection control, managerial, and leadership issues.
JO  - Clinical Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crad.2020.03.028
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S000992602030129X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Are we facing a crashing wave of neuropsychiatric sequelae of COVID-19? Neuropsychiatric symptoms and potential immunologic mechanisms
AU  - Troyer, Emily A.
AU  - Kohn, Jordan N.
AU  - Hong, Suzi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic is a significant psychological stressor in addition to its tremendous impact on every facet of individuals’ lives and organizations in virtually all social and economic sectors worldwide. Fear of illness and uncertainty about the future precipitate anxiety- and stress-related disorders, and several groups have rightfully called for the creation and dissemination of robust mental health screening and treatment programs for the general public and front-line healthcare workers. However, in addition to pandemic-associated psychological distress, the direct effects of the virus itself (several acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus; SARS-CoV-2), and the subsequent host immunologic response, on the human central nervous system (CNS) and related outcomes are unknown. We discuss currently available evidence of COVID-19 related neuropsychiatric sequelae while drawing parallels to past viral pandemic-related outcomes. Past pandemics have demonstrated that diverse types of neuropsychiatric symptoms, such as encephalopathy, mood changes, psychosis, neuromuscular dysfunction, or demyelinating processes, may accompany acute viral infection, or may follow infection by weeks, months, or longer in recovered patients. The potential mechanisms are also discussed, including viral and immunological underpinnings. Therefore, prospective neuropsychiatric monitoring of individuals exposed to SARS-CoV-2 at various points in the life course, as well as their neuroimmune status, are needed to fully understand the long-term impact of COVID-19, and to establish a framework for integrating psychoneuroimmunology into epidemiologic studies of pandemics.
JO  - Brain, Behavior, and Immunity
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.027
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S088915912030489X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 – legal and ethical implications for your practice
AU  - Townsend, R.
AU  - Eburn, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Most day-to-day decision making of paramedics is made in an environment where resources are not truly scarce, or not soon likely to be. Paramedics are therefore able to apply an ethical approach to their work that upholds their duty to provide patient-centred care that is in the best interests of the patient. Paramedics can and do apply a broader community-minded approach to triage at mass casualty events. However, what may be new and associated with the unprecedented public health emergency that is COVID-19 is that paramedics will now be required to make such rationing decisions across a much longer period of time for a far larger number of people. This short commentary aims to begin the discussion about the legal and ethical changes to paramedic practice that are likely to occur over the next 6 to 12 months in response to the COVID-19 crisis.
JO  - Australasian Journal of Paramedicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 17
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.33151/ajp.17.796
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2004110920 http://dx.doi.org/10.33151/ajp.17.796
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF GENOME COMPOSITION AND CODON USAGE PATTERNS OF EMERGING CORONAVIRUSES
AU  - Tort, Fernando L.
AU  - Castells, Matías
AU  - Cristina, Juan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - An outbreak of atypical pneumonia caused by a novel Betacoronavirus (βCoV), named SARS-CoV-2 has been declared a public health emergency of international concern by the World Health Organization. In order to gain insight into the emergence, evolution and adaptation of SARS-CoV-2 viruses, a comprehensive analysis of genome composition and codon usage of βCoV circulating in China was performed. A biased nucleotide composition was found for SARS-CoV-2 genome. This bias in genomic composition is reflected in its codon and amino acid usage patterns. The overall codon usage in SARS-CoV-2 is similar among themselves and slightly biased. Most of the highly frequent codons are A- and U-ending, which strongly suggests that mutational bias is the main force shaping codon usage in this virus. Significant differences in relative synonymous codon usage frequencies among SARS-CoV-2 and human cells were found. These differences are due to codon usage preferences.
JO  - Virus Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 197976-197976
SP  - 197976
EP  - 197976
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virusres.2020.197976
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168170220301684
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Managing Cutaneous Immune-Mediated Diseases During the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Torres, Tiago
AU  - Puig, Luis
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a clinical syndrome caused by a novel coronavirus called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). COVID-19 has spread rapidly worldwide and has been shown to have a wide spectrum of severity. COVID-19 has become a public health emergency of relevant international concern, and it was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization on 11 March, 2020. SARS-CoV-2 infection in severe cases involves the host response as an important contributor to the disease process and tissue damage, mainly due to dysregulated and excessive innate immune responses. The primary immune response leads to viral clearance in the majority of cases. However, in a subgroup of patients, the secondary immune response may be exaggerated, leading to inflammatory-induced lung injury and other complications including pneumonitis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, respiratory failure, shock, organ failure, and potentially death. Several cutaneous immune-mediated diseases, including psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, and hidradenitis suppurativa, are therapeutically managed with biologic and non-biologic immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory drugs. The outbreak of COVID-19 affects the management of these chronic conditions, not only for those who are already receiving treatment but also for those who are about to start a new treatment to control their disease. In this article, the management of cutaneous immune-mediated diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic is discussed.
JO  - American journal of clinical dermatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-5
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s40257-020-00514-2
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32277351
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Managing college operations during the coronavirus outbreak
AU  - Tofade, Toyin
AU  - Daftary, Monika
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Pharmacists Association
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japh.2020.04.004
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1544319120301515
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Basing Respiratory Management of Coronavirus on Physiological Principles
AU  - Tobin, Martin J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1164/rccm.202004-1076ED
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Patient safety and litigation in the NHS post-COVID-19
AU  - Tingle, John
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - John Tingle, Lecturer in Law, Birmingham Law School, University of Birmingham, discusses patient safety during the present coronavirus pandemic.
JO  - British journal of nursing (Mark Allen Publishing)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 29
IS  - 7
PG  - 444-445
SP  - 444
EP  - 445
AN  - 
DO  - 10.12968/bjon.2020.29.7.444
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Psychological Symptoms of Ordinary Chinese Citizens Based on SCL-90 during the Level I Emergency Response to COVID-19
AU  - Tian, Fangyuan
AU  - Li, Hongxia
AU  - Tian, Shuicheng
AU  - Yang, Jie
AU  - Shao, Jiang
AU  - Tian, Chenning
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared that the Corona Virus (COVID-19) has become a global pandemic. This study aimed to investigate the psychological symptoms of ordinary Chinese citizens during the Level I Emergency Response throughout China. From January 31 to February 2 2020, an online questionnaire, Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) was designed, and differences in GSI T-scores among subgroups were examined by ANOVA. Based on a cut-off point of the GSI T-scores of 63, the overall sample was divided into high and low-risk groups. of the 1,060 participants investigated in China, more than 70% of them have moderate and higher level of psychological symptoms specifically elevated scores for obsessive compulsion, interpersonal sensitivity, phobic anxiety, and psychoticism. There were no significant differences between males and females. Those who were of over 50 years old, had an undergraduate education and below, were divorced or widowed, and agricultural workers had significantly more symptoms. However, significantly more minors and medical staff were in the high-risk group. These results show that COVID-19 has a significant adverse socio-psychological influence on ordinary citizens. Therefore, governments should equip psychological health departments and pay attention to the people who are in high-risk groups, providing psychological interventions and assistance.
JO  - Psychiatry Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 112992-112992
SP  - 112992
EP  - 112992
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112992
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165178120306879
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Adapting palliative radiation therapy for bone metastases during the Covid-19 pandemic: GEMO position paper
AU  - Thureau, Sébastien
AU  - Faivre, Jean Christophe
AU  - Assaker, Richard
AU  - Biver, Emmanuel
AU  - Confavreux, Cyrille B.
AU  - Debiais, Françoise
AU  - Duterque-Coquillaud, Martine
AU  - Giammarile, Fransesco
AU  - Heymann, Dominique
AU  - Lecouvet, Frédéric E.
AU  - Morardet, Laetitia
AU  - Paycha, Frederic
AU  - Body, Jean-Jacques
AU  - Vieillard, Marie-Hélène
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The current health crisis caused by COVID-19 is a challenge for oncology treatment, especially when it comes to radiotherapy. Cancer patients are already known to be very fragile and COVID-19 brings about the risk of severe respiratory complications. In order to treat patients safely while protecting medical teams, the entire health care system must optimize the way it approaches prevention and treatment at a time when social distancing is key to stemming this pandemic. All indications and treatment modalities must be re-discussed. This is particularly the case for radiotherapy of bone metastases for which it is possible to reduce the number of sessions, the frequency of transport and the complexity of treatments. These changes will have to be discussed according to the organization of each radiotherapy department and the health situation, while medical teams must remain vigilant about the risks of complications of bone metastases, particularly spinal metastases. In this short piece, the members of the GEMO (the European Study Group of Bone Metastases) offer a number of recommendations to achieve the above objectives, both in general and in relation to five of the most common situations on radiation therapy for bone metastases.
JO  - Journal of Bone Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 100291-100291
SP  - 100291
EP  - 100291
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbo.2020.100291
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212137420300464
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinicians are leading service reconfiguration to cope with covid-19
AU  - Thornton, Jacqui
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - It’s not just the Nightingale hospitals—clinically led reorganisation is transforming how trusts are working, finds Jacqui Thornton As the NHS Nightingale hospitals attract widespread publicity,1 clinically led innovation is quietly—and quickly—transforming practice in acute trusts to cope with covid-19. Across the UK, the pace of change has been “breathtaking,” says Keith Girling, medical director at Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust. It’s not just the huge increase in intensive care capacity, there is also the reconfiguration of wards to accommodate more patients and redeployment of staff within those areas. Medical teams are working in completely different ways, with consultant led and delivered care provided around the clock; rotas have been rewritten wholesale; and areas of trusts that are quieter, such as clinical genetics and genitourinary medicine, are lending trainees and equipment to be used in imaginative ways, with consultants picking up the baseline. At the same time, IT proposals that before the outbreak were expected to take months have been accelerated and have come to fruition in days, and new clinical pathways have developed at record speed. This has happened at district general and large teaching hospitals alike. And, crucially, says David Oliver, consultant in geriatrics …
JO  - BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1444-m1444
SP  - m1444
EP  - m1444
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1444
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32273263
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Guidance for Triage of Operations for Thoracic Malignancies: A Consensus Statement from Thoracic Surgery Outcomes Research Network
AU  - Thoracic Surgery Outcomes Research Network, Inc∗
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The extraordinary demands of managing the COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the world’s ability to care for patients with thoracic malignancies. As a hospital’s COVID-19 population increases and hospital resources are depleted, the ability to provide surgical care is progressively restricted - forcing surgeons to prioritize among their cancer populations. Representatives from multiple cancer, surgical and research organizations have come together to provide a guide for triaging patients with thoracic malignancies, as the impact of COVID-19 evolves as each hospital.
JO  - The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcvs.2020.03.061
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022522320307443
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The gendered dimensions of COVID-19
AU  - Lancet, The
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - SARS-CoV-2 does not discriminate, but without careful consideration, the global response to the COVID-19 pandemic might. Demographic data from small studies are already informing political decisions and clinical research strategies. Women and men are affected by COVID-19, but biology and gender norms are shaping the disease burden. The success of the global response—the ability of both women and men to survive and recover from the pandemic's effects—will depend on the quality of evidence informing the response and the extent to which data represent sex and gender differences.
JO  - Lancet (London, England)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10231
PG  - 1168-1168
SP  - 1168
EP  - 1168
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30823-0
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Palliative care and the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Lancet, The
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Palliative care services are under-resourced at the best of times. The 2017 Lancet Commission on Palliative Care and Pain Relief described the widespread lack of access to inexpensive and effective interventions as a travesty of justice. And these are not the best of times. As health systems become strained under COVID-19, providing safe and effective palliative care, including end-of-life care, becomes especially vital and especially difficult.
JO  - Lancet (London, England)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10231
PG  - 1168-1168
SP  - 1168
EP  - 1168
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30822-9
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cancer Surgery and COVID19
AU  - The, Covid Subcommittee of the O. R. Executive Committee at Memorial Sloan Kettering
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of Surgical Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1245/s10434-020-08462-1
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1245/s10434-020-08462-1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The COVID-19 vaccine development landscape
AU  - Thanh Le, Tung
AU  - Andreadakis, Zacharias
AU  - Kumar, Arun
AU  - Gómez Román, Raúl
AU  - Tollefsen, Stig
AU  - Saville, Melanie
AU  - Mayhew, Stephen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature reviews. Drug discovery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41573-020-00073-5
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - DOACs and ‘newer’ haemophilia therapies in COVID-19
AU  - Thachil, Jecko
AU  - Tang, Ning
AU  - Gando, Satoshi
AU  - Falanga, Anna
AU  - Cattaneo, Marco
AU  - Levi, Marcel
AU  - Clark, Cary
AU  - Iba, Toshiaki
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract We would like to thank the authors for their insightful thoughts on the consideration of anticoagulants and treatment for haemophilia A and B during the COVID-19 pandemic. They highlight some important practical points which certainly should be adopted by the thrombosis and haemostasis community in the current situation of restricted mobility, which reduces the possibility for patients to access general practitioners and hospitals.
JO  - Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jth.14841
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jth.14841
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Hematological findings and complications of COVID-19
AU  - Terpos, Evangelos
AU  - Ntanasis-Stathopoulos, Ioannis
AU  - Elalamy, Ismail
AU  - Kastritis, Efstathios
AU  - Sergentanis, Theodoros N.
AU  - Politou, Marianna
AU  - Psaltopoulou, Theodora
AU  - Gerotziafas, Grigoris
AU  - Dimopoulos, Meletios A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 is a systemic infection with a significant impact on the hematopoietic system and hemostasis. Lymphopenia may be considered as a cardinal laboratory finding, with prognostic potential. Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and peak platelet/lymphocyte ratio may also have prognostic value in determining severe cases. During the disease course, longitudinal evaluation of lymphocyte count dynamics and inflammatory indices, including LDH, CRP and IL-6 may help to identify cases with dismal prognosis and prompt intervention in order to improve outcomes. Biomarkers, such high serum procalcitonin and ferritin have also emerged as poor prognostic factors. Furthermore, blood hypercoagulability is common among hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Elevated D-Dimer levels are consistently reported, whereas their gradual increase during disease course is particularly associated with disease worsening. Other coagulation abnormalities such as PT and aPTT prolongation, fibrin degradation products increase, with severe thrombocytopenia lead to life-threatening Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) which necessitates continuous vigilance and prompt intervention. COVID-19 infected patients whatever hospitalized or ambulatory are at high risk for VTE and an early and prolonged pharmacological thromboprophylaxis with low molecular weight heparin is highly recommended. Last but not least, the need for assuring blood donations during the pandemic is also highlighted.
JO  - American Journal of Hematology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/ajh.25829
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/ajh.25829
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Authors’ correction for Euro Surveill. 2020;25(3)
AU  - team, Eurosurveillance editorial
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In the article ‘Detection of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by real-time RT-PCR’ by Corman et al. published on 23 January 2020, the sentence ‘As at 20 January 2020, 282 laboratory-confirmed human cases have been notified to WHO’ was originally published with a wrong date (As at 20 January 2019…). This mistake was corrected on 8 April 2020.
JO  - Eurosurveillance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 25
IS  - 14
PG  - 20200409c
SP  - 20200409c
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.14.20200409c
UR  - https://eurosurveillance.org/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.14.20200409c
NS  - 
N1  - Qingxia Zhong (2020-04-15 00:13:39)(Screen): correction to 233; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19, Australia: Epidemiology Report 10 (Reporting week to 23:59 AEST 5 April 2020)
AU  - Team, Covid- National Incident Room Surveillance
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Confirmed cases in Australia notified up to 5 April 2020: Notifications = 5,805; Deaths = 33. Notifications in Australia remain predominantly among people with recent overseas travel, with some locally-acquired cases being detected. Most locally-acquired cases are able to be linked back to a confirmed case, with a small portion unable to be epidemiologically link. The distribution of overseas-acquired cases to locally acquired cases varies by jurisdiction. Early indications are that reduction in international travel, domestic movement, social distancing measures and public health action are slowing the spread of the disease. Internationally, cases continue to increase, with high rates of increase observed in the European region and the United States of America. The epidemiology differs from country to country depending not only on the disease, but also on differences in case detection, testing and implemented public health measures.
JO  - Communicable diseases intelligence (2018)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 44
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.33321/cdi.2020.44.30
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32268855
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Geographic Differences in COVID-19 Cases, Deaths, and Incidence — United States, February 12–April 7, 2020
AU  - Team, CDC COVID-19 Response
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - What is already known about this topic? Community transmission of COVID-19 was first detected in the United States in February 2020. By mid-March, all 50 states, the District of Columbia, New York City, and four U.S. territories had reported cases of COVID-19. What is added by this report? As of April 7, cumulative incidence of COVID-19 ranged widely across U.S. jurisdictions (from 20.6 to 915.3 cases per 100,000) and 7-day increases in incidence varied considerably (from 8.3 to 418.0). This report highlights geographic differences in cases, deaths, incidence, and changing incidence. What are the implications for public health practice? Monitoring jurisdiction-level numbers of COVID-19 cases, deaths, and changes in incidence is critical for understanding community risk and making decisions about community mitigation, including social distancing, and strategic health care resource allocation.
JO  - Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6915e4
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Global reach, global risk revisited
AU  - Teagarden, Mary B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Thunderbird International Business Review
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 62
IS  - 3
PG  - 231-231
SP  - 231
EP  - 231
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/tie.22133
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/tie.22133
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recommendations on the use of radiation therapy in managing patients with gastrointestinal malignancies in the era of COVID-19
AU  - Tchelebi, Leila T.
AU  - Haustermans, Karin
AU  - Scorsetti, Marta
AU  - Hosni, Ali
AU  - Huguet, Florence
AU  - Hawkins, Maria A.
AU  - Dawson, Laura A.
AU  - Goodman, Karyn
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As of April 6, 2020, there are over 1,200,000 reported cases and 70,000 deaths worldwide due to COVID-19, the disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, and these numbers rise exponentially by the day.[1] According to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), the most effective means of minimizing the spread of the virus is through reducing interactions between individuals.[2] We performed a review of the literature, as well as national and international treatment guidelines, seeking data in support of the RADS principle (Remote visits, Avoid radiation, Defer radiation, Shorten radiation)[3] as it applies to gastrointestinal cancers. The purpose of the present work is to guide radiation oncologists managing patients with gastrointestinal cancers during the COVID-19 crisis in order to maintain the safety of our patients, while minimizing the impact of the pandemic on cancer outcomes.
JO  - Radiotherapy and Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radonc.2020.04.010
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167814020301912
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Ten work-life balance tips for researchers based at home during the pandemic
AU  - Taylor, Lucy A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-01059-4
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32269375
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Impact of COVID 19: perspectives from gastroenterology
AU  - Tay, Shu Wen
AU  - Teh, Kevin Kim Jun
AU  - Wang, Lai Mun
AU  - Ang, Tiing Leong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Singapore medical journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.11622/smedj.2020051
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Myocardial localization of coronavirus in COVID-19 cardiogenic shock
AU  - Tavazzi, Guido
AU  - Pellegrini, Carlo
AU  - Maurelli, Marco
AU  - Belliato, Mirko
AU  - Sciutti, Fabio
AU  - Bottazzi, Andrea
AU  - Sepe, Paola Alessandra
AU  - Resasco, Tullia
AU  - Camporotondo, Rita
AU  - Bruno, Raffaele
AU  - Baldanti, Fausto
AU  - Paolucci, Stefania
AU  - Pelenghi, Stefano
AU  - Iotti, Giorgio Antonio
AU  - Mojoli, Francesco
AU  - Arbustini, Eloisa
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We describe the first case of acute cardiac injury directly linked to myocardial localization of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) in a 69-year-old patient with flu-like symptoms rapidly degenerating into respiratory distress, hypotension, and cardiogenic shock. The patient was successfully treated with venous-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and mechanical ventilation. Cardiac function fully recovered in 5 days and ECMO was removed. Endomyocardial biopsy demonstrated low-grade myocardial inflammation and viral particles in the myocardium suggesting either a viraemic phase or, alternatively, infected macrophage migration from the lung.
JO  - European journal of heart failure
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/ejhf.1828
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Role of Tissue Engineering in COVID-19 and Future Viral Outbreaks
AU  - Tatara, Alexander M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In light of the current novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic as well as other viral outbreaks in the 21st century, there is a dire need for new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies to combat infectious diseases worldwide. As a convergence science, tissue engineering has traditionally focused on application of engineering principles to biological systems, collaboration across disciplines, and rapid translation of technologies from the benchtop to the bedside. Given these strengths, tissue engineers are particularly well-suited to apply their skillset to the current crisis and viral outbreaks in general. This work introduces the basics of virology and epidemiology for tissue engineers and highlights important developments in the field of tissue engineering relevant to the current pandemic, including in vitro model systems, vaccine technology, and small molecule drug delivery. COVID-19 serves as a call to arms for scientists across all disciplines and tissue engineers are well-trained to be leaders and contributors in this time of need.
JO  - Tissue engineering. Part A
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1089/ten.TEA.2020.0094
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 pandemic will have a long-lasting impact on the quality of cirrhosis care
AU  - Tapper, Elliot B.
AU  - Asrani, Sumeet K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Summary The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has shattered the meticulously developed processes by which we delivered quality care for patients with cirrhosis. Care has been transformed by the crisis, but enduring lessons have been learned. In this article, we review how COVID-19 will impact cirrhosis care. We describe how this impact unfolds over 3 waves; i) an intense period with prioritized high-acuity care with delayed elective procedures and routine care during physical distancing, ii) a challenging ‘return to normal’ following the end of physical distancing, with increased emergent decompensations, morbidity, and systems of care overwhelmed by the backlog of deferred care, and iii) a protracted period of suboptimal outcomes characterized by missed diagnoses, progressive disease and loss to follow-up. We outline the concrete steps required to preserve the quality of care provided to patients with cirrhosis. This includes an intensification of the preventative care provided to patients with compensated cirrhosis, proactive chronic disease management, robust telehealth programs, and a reorganization of care delivery to provide a full service of care with flexible clinical staffing. Managing the pandemic of a serious chronic disease in the midst of a global infectious pandemic is challenging. It is incumbent upon the entire healthcare establishment to be strong enough to weather the storm. Change is needed.
JO  - Journal of Hepatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2020.04.005
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168827820302178
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Society coexisting with COVID-19
AU  - Tanabe, Kazuhiro
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We calculated spreading speed (SS1000) of COVID-19 in 15 countries using figures provided by WHO [1]. SS1000 is defined as the period taken for the total number of cases to increase from 100 to 1,000. In Italy, the total number of cases reached 100 on February 24, and subsequently reached 1,000 on March 1, therefore we recorded Italy’s SS1000 as 6 days. On observing the SS1000 of the 15 countries (Figure 1), it is apparent that Japan’s SS1000 stands out because it is distinctly larger than those of the other 14 countries. Despite SS1000 of most countries being <12 days, Japan had a SS1000 of 28 days. The reasons for Japan’s relatively long SS1000 have been a source of debate. Some people have attributed it to the Japanese government’s rapid and appropriate response, such as the closure of all schools on Mach 2, at a time when fewer than 300 cases had been confirmed within the country. Others have attributed it to the high level of discipline exhibited by Japanese people, e.g. full-time wearing of facemasks, frequent hand-washing, and not talking in crowded trains. However, considering Japan’s high population density and its super-aging population, we will not be surprised if the COVID-19 situation in Japan turns out to be more serious than it appears currently.
JO  - Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-6
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/ice.2020.130
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/society-coexisting-with-covid19/691108D271959ED7779028137B6119DD
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - C-reactive protein correlates with CT findings and predicts severe COVID-19 early
AU  - Tan, Chaochao
AU  - Huang, Ying
AU  - Shi, Fengxia
AU  - Tan, Kui
AU  - Ma, Qionghui
AU  - Chen, Yong
AU  - Jiang, Xixin
AU  - Li, Xiaosong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: COVID-19 has developed into a worldwide pandemic; early identification of severe illness is critical for controlling it and improving the prognosis of patients with limited medical resources. The present study aimed to analyze the characteristics of severe COVID-19 and identify biomarkers for differential diagnosis and prognosis prediction. METHODS: In total, 27 consecutive patients with COVID-19 and 75 patients with flu were retrospectively enrolled. Clinical parameters were collected from electronic medical records. The disease course was divided into four stages: initial, progression, peak, and recovery stages, according to computed tomography (CT) progress. RESULTS: Compared to mild COVID-19, the lymphocytes in the severe COVID-19 progressively decreased at the progression and the peak stages, but rebound in the recovery stage. The levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) in the severe group at the initial and progression stages were higher than those in the mild group. Correlation analysis showed that CRP (R=0.62, P<0.01), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (R=0.55, P<0.01) and granulocyte/lymphocyte ratio (R=0.49, P<0.01) were positively associated with the CT severity scores. In contrast, the number of lymphocytes (R=-0.37, P<0.01) was negatively correlated with the CT severity scores. Receiver-operating characteristic analysis demonstrated that area under the curve of CRP on the first visit for predicting severe COVID-19 was 0.87 (95% CI 0.10-1.00) at 20.42 mg/L cut-off, with sensitivity and specificity 83% and 91%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: CRP in severe COVID-19 patients increased significantly at the initial stage, prior to CT findings. Importantly, CRP, which was associated with disease development, predicted early severe COVID-19. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25871
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Screening and Severity of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Children in Madrid, Spain
AU  - Tagarro, Alfredo
AU  - Epalza, Cristina
AU  - Santos, Mar
AU  - Sanz-Santaeufemia, Francisco José
AU  - Otheo, Enrique
AU  - Moraleda, Cinta
AU  - Calvo, Cristina
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA pediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.1346
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32267485
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: Herd Immunity and Convalescent Plasma Transfer Therapy
AU  - Syal, Kirtimaan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has spread worldwide triggering a pandemic. Its first case was reported in Wuhan, the capital of China's Hubei province, and since then it has spread across world becoming one of the worst pandemics in the history of mankind(1) . Its basic reproductive number (R(0) ) has been determined to be 2-3(2) . This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25870
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Integrated Radiologic Algorithm for COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Sverzellati, Nicola
AU  - Milanese, Gianluca
AU  - Milone, Francesca
AU  - Balbi, Maurizio
AU  - Ledda, Roberta E.
AU  - Silva, Mario
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of thoracic imaging
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1097/rti.0000000000000516
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Universal Screening for SARS-CoV-2 in Women Admitted for Delivery
AU  - Sutton, Desmond
AU  - Fuchs, Karin
AU  - D’Alton, Mary
AU  - Goffman, Dena
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - SARS-CoV-2 Testing in Obstetrical Patients Among 215 pregnant women who were admitted to a New York hospital for delivery and who underwent universal testing for SARS-CoV-2, more than one of eight ...
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - NEJMc2009316-NEJMc2009316
SP  - NEJMc2009316
EP  - NEJMc2009316
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMc2009316
UR  - http://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMc2009316
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Early appearance of COVID-19 associated pulmonary infiltrates during daily radiotherapy imaging for lung cancer
AU  - Suppli, Morten Hiul
AU  - Riisgaard de Blanck, Steen
AU  - Elgaard, Tenna
AU  - Josipovic, Mirjana
AU  - Pøhl, Mette
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Thoracic Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtho.2020.04.004
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1556086420302999
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chronic Use of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers Is High Among Intensive Care Unit Patients With Non–COVID-19 Sepsis but Carry a Moderately Increased Risk of Death
AU  - Sunden-Cullberg, Jonas
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Hypertension
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - HYPERTENSIONAHA12015178-HYPERTENSIONAHA12015178
SP  - HYPERTENSIONAHA12015178
EP  - HYPERTENSIONAHA12015178
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.120.15178
UR  - https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.120.15178
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Editorial. Response to COVID-19 in Chinese neurosurgery and beyond
AU  - Sun, Yirui
AU  - Mao, Ying
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of neurosurgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3171/2020.3.JNS20929
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32276260
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Editorial: Challenges to Opioid Use Disorders During COVID-19
AU  - Sun, Yankun
AU  - Bao, Yanping
AU  - Kosten, Thomas
AU  - Strang, John
AU  - Shi, Jie
AU  - Lu, Lin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The American Journal on Addictions
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/ajad.13031
UR  - http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/ajad.13031
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 infection among nurses in Wuhan at a single centre
AU  - Sun, Huimin
AU  - Lu, Mengxin
AU  - Chen, Song
AU  - Cheng, Zhenshun
AU  - Xiong, Yong
AU  - Wang, Xinghuan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.036
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0163445320301638
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Reply to &#x201c;Coronavirus 2019-nCoV: A brief perspective from the front line&#x201d;: Nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 infection among nurses in Wuhan from a single center
AU  - Sun, Huimin
AU  - Lu, Mengxin
AU  - Chen, Song
AU  - Cheng, Zhenshun
AU  - Xiong, Yong
AU  - Wang, Xinghuan
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.036
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.036
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Should Institutions Disclose the Names of Employees with Covid-19?
AU  - Sulmasy, Daniel P.
AU  - Veatch, Robert M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Prestigious University is a large, private educational institution with a medical school, a university hospital, a law school, and graduate and undergraduate colleges all on a single campus. In the face of the Covid-19 pandemic, students were told during spring break to return to campus only briefly to retrieve their belongings. Classes then went online. On March 23, 2020, the faculty, students, and staff were emailed the following by the university's director of infection control and public health: We have become aware that a Prestigious University staff member has tested positive for the virus that causes Covid-19. The individual, who was last on campus on March 16, is now in isolation at their permanent residence and is doing well clinically. The university has already identified those members of our community who may have been in close contact with this individual, and we are working to notify them. Further, this individual's local health department has a protocol for identifying people who have been in direct contact with anyone testing positive for Covid-19 (such as this Prestigious University staff member) so that they can self-quarantine and watch for COVID-19 symptoms for a period of 14 days from their last contact with the infected individual. A professor in the Philosophy Department has asked the ethicists at the medical school whether such contact tracing suffices. "Don't the members of the community deserve to know who this is? Isn't there a mandate to identify this person in order to maximize public health benefits and slow the spread of this deadly virus?"
JO  - The Hastings Center report
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/hast.1107
UR  - 
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Why daily death tolls have become unusually important in understanding the coronavirus pandemic
AU  - Subbaraman, Nidhi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-01008-1
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Disease Control, Civil Liberties, and Mass Testing - Calibrating Restrictions during the Covid-19 Pandemic
AU  - Studdert, David M.
AU  - Hall, Mark A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The New England journal of medicine
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMp2007637
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Sars-cov-2 in romania – situation update and containment strategies
AU  - Streinu-Cercel, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - GERMS
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 10
IS  - 1
PG  - 8
SP  - 8
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.18683/germs.2020.1179
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2004063788 http://dx.doi.org/10.18683/germs.2020.1179
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Functionally assessing coronavirus entry
AU  - Stower, Hannah
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41591-020-0847-y
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Lopinavir-ritonavir in severe COVID-19
AU  - Stower, Hannah
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41591-020-0849-9
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of children with COVID-19
AU  - Stower, Hannah
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41591-020-0846-z
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Spread of SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Stower, Hannah
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41591-020-0850-3
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Virological assessment of SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Stower, Hannah
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41591-020-0848-x
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - TMPRSS2 and COVID-19: Serendipity or opportunity for intervention?
AU  - Stopsack, Konrad H.
AU  - Mucci, Lorelei A.
AU  - Antonarakis, Emmanuel S.
AU  - Nelson, Peter S.
AU  - Kantoff, Philip W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - TMPRSS2 is both the most frequently altered gene in primary prostate cancer and a critical factor enabling cellular infection by coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2. The modulation of its expression by sex steroids could contribute to the male predominance of severe infections and given that TMPRSS2 has no known indispensable functions, and inhibitors are available, it is an appealing target for prevention or treatment of respiratory viral infections.
JO  - Cancer discovery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1158/2159-8290.CD-20-0451
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Editorial: Facemasks and the Covid 19 pandemic: What advice should health professionals be giving the general public about the wearing of facemasks?
AU  - Stone, Teresa E.
AU  - Kunaviktikul, Wipada
AU  - Omura, Mieko
AU  - Petrini, Marcia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nursing & health sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/nhs.12724
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Diabetes and the COVID-19 Pandemic: How Insights from Recent Experience Might Guide Future Management
AU  - Stoian, Anca Pantea
AU  - Banerjee, Yajnavalka
AU  - Rizvi, Ali A.
AU  - Rizzo, Manfredi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Metabolic syndrome and related disorders
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1089/met.2020.0037
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32271125
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Rapid review of the use of community-wide surgical masks and acute respiratory infections]
AU  - Stern, Dalia
AU  - López-Olmedo, Nancy
AU  - Pérez-Ferrer, Carolina
AU  - González-Morales, Romina
AU  - Canto-Osorio, Francisco
AU  - Barrientos-Gutiérrez, Tonatiuh
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness of using surgical masks in community settings to reduce the probability of infection by SARS-CoV-2 or other acute viral respiratory infection, compared to not using surgical masks. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We followed the Cochrane rapid review methodology. The search strategy encompasses one academic database and pre-prints until April 1, 2020. Titles and abstracts were reviewed by one investigator. The full text review was divided among three researchers. The results were synthesized in a narrative way. RESULTS: 713 manuscripts were identified, of which 21 met the inclusion criteria. Of six systematic reviews, four found no reduction in the probability of transmission. Experimental home studies found no differences in the probability of contagion associated with the use of mouth masks. Only one modeling study estimated a 20% reduction in the incidence of acute respiratory disease, assuming that 10 to 50% of the population use the surgical masks correctly. CONCLUSIONS: The scientific evidence is inconclusive to recommend or discourage the use of surgical masks at the population level. Considering the potential negative effects, official recommendations should await for the results of natural experiments currently occurring in countries that have recommended the use of face masks at the population level.
JO  - Salud publica de Mexico
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.21149/11379
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preparing pharmacy for the surge of patients with COVID-19: Lessons from China
AU  - Stergachis, Andy
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Pharmacists Association
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japh.2020.04.005
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1544319120301527
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Considerations in the Triage of Urologic Surgeries During the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Stensland, Kristian D.
AU  - Morgan, Todd M.
AU  - Moinzadeh, Alireza
AU  - Lee, Cheryl T.
AU  - Briganti, Alberto
AU  - Catto, James W. F.
AU  - Canes, David
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We present a suggested list of urologic surgeries that should be prioritized if COVID-19 surges warrant cancellation of elective surgeries to free up health care resources. The recommendations should be tailored to locally available resources and situations and can be used as a framework for other specialties.
JO  - European urology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.eururo.2020.03.027
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A hundred days into the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic
AU  - Steffens, Ines
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - International organisations such as the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control have used novel technologies and open access resources as well as official reporting data to trace the evolution of the COVID-19 pandemic. For the first time, this has enabled updating public health practitioners, policymakers, infectious disease specialists and the general public on the numbers of pandemic cases in close to real time and with high resolution.
JO  - Eurosurveillance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 25
IS  - 14
PG  - 2000550
SP  - 2000550
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.14.2000550
UR  - https://eurosurveillance.org/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.14.2000550
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in forensic medicine unit personnel: Observation from Thailand
AU  - Sriwijitalai, Won
AU  - Wiwanitkit, Viroj
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101964-101964
SP  - 101964
EP  - 101964
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jflm.2020.101964
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1752928X20300718
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Psychological status of surgical staff during the COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Xu, Jian
AU  - Xu, Qian-hui
AU  - Wang, Chang-ming
AU  - Wang, Jun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which appeared in early December 2019, had an atypical viral pneumonia outbreak in Wuhan, Hubei, China. And there is a high risk of global proliferation and impact. The sudden increase in confirmed cases has brought tremendous stress and anxiety to frontline surgical staff. The results showed that the anxiety and depression of surgical staff during the outbreak period were significantly higher and mental health problems appeared, so psychological interventions are essential.
JO  - Psychiatry Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 112955-112955
SP  - 112955
EP  - 112955
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112955
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165178120306144
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Salivary Glands: Potential Reservoirs for COVID-19 Asymptomatic Infection
AU  - Xu, J.
AU  - Li, Y.
AU  - Gan, F.
AU  - Du, Y.
AU  - Yao, Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of dental research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 22034520918518-22034520918518
SP  - 22034520918518
EP  - 22034520918518
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/0022034520918518
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Vaginal Delivery Report of a Healthy Neonate Born to a Convalescent Mother with COVID-19
AU  - Xiong, Xiali
AU  - Wei, Hong
AU  - Zhang, Zhihong
AU  - Chang, Jing
AU  - Ma, Xiaopeng
AU  - Gao, Xiang
AU  - Chen, Qiang
AU  - Pang, Qiumei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) infection has become a challenging public health threat worldwide. Limited data are available for pregnant women with COVID-19 pneumonia. We report a case of a convalescing pregnant woman diagnosed as COVID-19 infection 37 days before delivery in the third trimester. A live birth without SARS-CoV-2 infection was delivered successfully via the vagina. Findings from our case indicate that there is no intrauterine transmission in this woman who develops COVID-19 pneumonia in late pregnancy. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25857
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Dynamics of Faecal SARS-CoV-2 in Infected Children during the Convalescent Phase
AU  - Xing, Yuhan
AU  - Ni, Wei
AU  - Wu, Qin
AU  - Li, Wenjie
AU  - Li, Guoju
AU  - Wang, Wendi
AU  - Tong, Jianning
AU  - Song, Xiufeng
AU  - Wong, Gary Wing Kin
AU  - Xing, Quansheng
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.049
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.049
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Effect of regular intravenous immunoglobulin therapy on prognosis of severe pneumonia in patients with COVID-19
AU  - Xie, Yun
AU  - Cao, Song
AU  - Li, Qingyun
AU  - Chen, Erzhen
AU  - Dong, Hui
AU  - Zhang, Wenkai
AU  - Yang, Luyu
AU  - Fu, Shouzhi
AU  - Wang, Ruilan
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.044
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.044
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Association Between Hypoxemia and Mortality in Patients With COVID-19
AU  - Xie, Jiang
AU  - Covassin, Naima
AU  - Fan, Zhengyang
AU  - Singh, Prachi
AU  - Gao, Wei
AU  - Li, Guangxi
AU  - Kara, Tomas
AU  - Somers, Virend K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To identify markers associated with in-hospital death in patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) associated pneumonia. Patients and Methods Retrospective, cohort study of 140 patients with moderate-to-critical COVID-19 associated pneumonia requiring oxygen supplementation admitted from January 28th, 2020 to February 28th, 2020, and followed up through March, 13th 2020 in Union Hospital, Wuhan, China. Oxygen saturation (SpO2) and other measures were tested as predictors of in-hospital mortality in survival analysis. Results Of 140 patients with COVID-19 associated pneumonia, 51.4% were men, with a median age of 60 years. Patients with SpO2 ≤90% were older, more likely to be men, to have hypertension and to present with dyspnea than those with SpO2 >90%. Overall, 36 (25.7%) patients died during hospitalization after a median 14-day follow-up. Higher post-oxygen supplementation SpO2 levels were associated with reduced mortality independently of age and sex (hazard ratio per 1-unit SpO2 0.93, 95% confidence interval, 0.91-0.95, P < .001). SpO2 cutoff of 90.5% yielded 84.6% sensitivity and 97.2% specificity for prediction of survival. Dyspnea was also independently associated with death in multivariable analysis (hazard ratio 2.60; 95% confidence interval 1.24-5.43, P = .01). Conclusions In this cohort of COVID-19 patients, hypoxemia was independently associated with in-hospital mortality. These results may help guide clinical management of severe COVID-19 patients, particularly in settings requiring strategic allocation of limited critical care resources.
JO  - Mayo Clinic Proceedings
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mayocp.2020.04.006
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025619620303670
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - False negative rate of COVID-19 is eliminated by using nasal swab test
AU  - Xie, Chaojun
AU  - Lu, Jianyun
AU  - Wu, Di
AU  - Zhang, Lin
AU  - Zhao, Hongjun
AU  - Rao, Boqi
AU  - Yang, Zhicong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101668-101668
SP  - 101668
EP  - 101668
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101668
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893920301368
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection in Renal Failure Patients: A Potential Covert Source of Infection
AU  - Xiao, Yu
AU  - Qian, Kaiyu
AU  - Luo, Yongwen
AU  - Chen, Song
AU  - Lu, Mengxin
AU  - Wang, Gang
AU  - Ju, Lingao
AU  - Wang, Xinghuan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European urology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.eururo.2020.03.025
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - False-negative of RT-PCR and prolonged nucleic acid conversion in COVID-19: Rather than recurrence
AU  - Xiao, Ai Tang
AU  - Tong, Yi Xin
AU  - Zhang, Sheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic cause by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) threatens the world. We read with interest the recent report by Li et al. that included 610 patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). They reported a high false-negative rate of real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) results for SARS-CoV-2 detection. In addition, recent report regarding SARS-CoV-2 "turn positive" in recovered cases with COVID-19 were published. Here, we studied the characteristics of nucleic acid conversion for SARS-CoV-2 from 70 COVID-19 patients. We found that 15 (21.4%) patients experienced a "turn positive" of nucleic acid detection by RT-PCR test for SARS-CoV-2 after two consecutive negative results, which may be related to the false negative of RT-PCR test and prolonged nucleic acid conversion This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25855
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32270882
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Dynamic profile of RT-PCR findings from 301 COVID-19 patients in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study
AU  - Xiao, Ai Tang
AU  - Tong, Yi Xin
AU  - Gao, Chun
AU  - Zhu, Li
AU  - Zhang, Yu Jie
AU  - Zhang, Sheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background With the spread of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, its effect on society is amplified. We aimed to describe the viral detection results across different timepoints throughout the disease course. Methods A retrospective study of 301 confirmed COVID-19 patients hospitalized at Tongji Hospital in Wuhan, China, were included. Demographic characteristics of the patients were collected. Upper respiratory specimens (throat and/or nasal swabs) were obtained and analyzed by real-time RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Period of viral infection and the contagious stage were analyzed. Results Of 301 hospitalized COVID-19 patients, the median age was 58 years and 51.2% were male. The median period between symptoms presence and positive SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR results was 16 days (IQR, 10-23, N = 301). The median period between symptoms presence and an effective negative SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR result was 20 days (IQR, 17-24; N = 216). Infected patient ≥65 years old stayed contagious longer (22 days vs 19 days, p = 0.015). Although two consecutive negative results were confirmed in 70 patients, 30% of them had positive viral test results for the third time. Using specimens from nasal swabs to run the RT-PCR test showed a higher positive rate than using specimens from throat swabs. Conclusions This large-scale investigation with 1113 RT-PCR test results from 301 COVID-19 patients showed that the average contagious period of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients was 20 days. Longer observation period and more than 2 series of negative viral test are necessary for patients ≥65 years.
JO  - Journal of Clinical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 104346-104346
SP  - 104346
EP  - 104346
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104346
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1386653220300883
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Joint International Collaboration to Combat Mental Health Challenges During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic
AU  - Xiang, Yu-Tao
AU  - Jin, Yu
AU  - Cheung, Teris
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2020.1057
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemiological and initial clinical characteristics of patients with family aggregation of COVID-19
AU  - Xia, Xiao-ying
AU  - Wu, Jing
AU  - Liu, He-lei
AU  - Xia, Hong
AU  - Jia, Bei
AU  - Huang, Wen-xiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background Since December 2019, a new outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan (Hubei, China) and rapidly spread throughout China, however, confirmed cases are still increasing worldwide. Objectives To investigate the epidemiological history and initial clinical characteristics of 10 patients with family aggregation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in Western Chongqing, China. Study design Ten patients positive for SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid detection by real time Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR), were collected from The People's Hospital of Dazu District, Chongqing. Epidemiological data and laboratory and imaging results were collected on the first day of admission, and analyzed based on the Diagnosis and Treatment Guideline for COVID-19 (5th edition, China). Results Of the 10 cases, case A had a history of a temporary stay in Wuhan and transmitted the virus to the others through family gathering, living together, and sharing vehicles. The average age was 56.5 years (± 11.16), six patients were males, and the incubation period was 2–14 days. Dry cough was the main symptom, followed by fever and fatigue. Most patients were clinically classified as ordinary-type, with three cases being severe-type. Chest computed tomography results were nonspecific, mainly with ground-glass attenuation and/or shadow images. Extensive lesion distribution was seen in severe cases. CD4+ lymphocyte counts were 61, 180, and 348 cells/uL in severe-type patients, respectively. Notably, viral nucleic acid values in nasopharyngeal swabs were lower (19, 25, and 26) than those of ordinary-type patients, suggesting a higher viral load. Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was also higher in severe-type patients Conclusions Initial examination results of lower CD4+ lymphocyte counts and RT-PCR-CT values coupled with higher NLR may indicate the severity of COVID-19 infection for these family clusters.
JO  - Journal of Clinical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 104360-104360
SP  - 104360
EP  - 104360
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104360
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1386653220301025
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Benign COVID-19 in an immunocompromised cancer patient -  the case of a married couple
AU  - Spezzani, Valentina
AU  - Piunno, Alessio
AU  - Iselin, Hans-Ulrich
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Respiratory failure in COVID-19 is a common feature in fatal cases and has been considered as a failure of the immune system to control the virus. Here we report the case of COVID-19 affecting an immunocompromised women and her presumably immunocompetent spouse. A married couple (age 60 years) was simultaneously admitted to the emergency department on 10 March 2020 because of dyspnoea and fever, consistent with COVID-19. The wife (patient 1) was partially immunocompromised as a consequence of a recently started chemotherapy with fulvestrant and abemaciclid for recurring breast cancer, her husband (patient 2) had been healthy except for a history of controlled arterial hypertension. Both patients were treated with darunavir/cobicistat and hydroxychloroquine. The clinical course of the immunocompromised partner was benign, without need of intensive care. She was able to leave the hospital on day 6 after admission. In contrast, her husband needed intensive care and his recovery was slow, although eventually successful too. These findings suggest that the course of COVID-19 is not necessarily ominous in the presence of a compromised immune response and tend to reinforce the emerging therapeutic concepts of a controlled mitigation of the immune cascade following SARS CoV-2 infection.
JO  - Swiss medical weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 150
IS  - 
PG  - w20246-w20246
SP  - w20246
EP  - w20246
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4414/smw.2020.20246
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Using the Coronavirus Pandemic as an Opportunity to Address the Use of Human Milk and Breastfeeding as Lifesaving Medical Interventions
AU  - Spatz, Diane L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jogn.2020.03.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0884217520300423
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Commentary on Rural-Urban Disparities in COVID-19 Testing Rates per 100,000 and Risk Factors
AU  - Souch, Jacob M.
AU  - Cossman, Jeralynn S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of Rural Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jrh.12450
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jrh.12450
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Controversias sobre el tratamiento con IECA/ARA-II y Covid-19
AU  - Soria Arcos, Federico
AU  - Romero-Puche, Antonio
AU  - Vicente Vera, Tomás
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Revista Española de Cardiología
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.recesp.2020.03.014
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0300893220301573
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Caring for Miners During the Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic
AU  - Sood, Akshay
AU  - Pollard, Charles
AU  - Suer, Kyla Le
AU  - Vlahovich, Kevin
AU  - Walker, Jolene
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jrh.12444
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Leveraging existing quality improvement communication strategies during the COVID-19 crisis: Creation of an Emergency Department COVID-19 Case Conference
AU  - Sonis, Jonathan D.
AU  - Black, Lauren
AU  - Baugh, Joshua
AU  - Benzer, Theodore I.
AU  - Hayes, Bryan
AU  - Raja, Ali S.
AU  - White, Benjamin A.
AU  - Wilcox, Susan R.
AU  - Yun, Brian
AU  - Aaronson, Emily L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2020.04.021
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735675720302497
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Benefits of Exercise on Influenza or Pneumonia in Older Adults: A Systematic Review
AU  - Song, Yang
AU  - Ren, Feng
AU  - Sun, Dong
AU  - Wang, Meizi
AU  - Baker, Julien S.
AU  - István, Bíró
AU  - Gu, Yaodong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>A coronavirus pandemic has recently become one of the greatest threats the world is facing. Older adults are under a high risk of infection because of weaker immune systems. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to summarize the recent scientific evidence that outlines the effects of exercise on influenza or pneumonia in older adults. An electronic literature search was conducted using the WEB OF SCIENCE, SCIENCEDIRECT and GOOGLE SCHOLAR databases using the following keywords, “Exercise,” “Older adult,” “Influenza,” and “Pneumonia.” Any randomized control trials, cross-sectional and observational studies that related to this topic were all included. Twenty studies met the eligibility criteria for this review. Thirteen randomized control trials investigated the effects of exercise on the immune responses to influenza or pneumonia vaccination: seven trials employed moderate aerobic exercise, three employed resistance exercise, and the remaining three used Asian martial arts or special home-based exercises. Five cross-sectional and two observational studies examined the associations between exercise/physical condition and influenza/pneumonia. Most of the current studies suggested that prolonged moderate aerobic exercise may help to reduce the risk of influenza-related infection and improve the immune responses to influenza or pneumonia vaccination in older adults. In addition, training in traditional Asian martial arts was also found to be beneficial. Future research should focus on the different effects of moderate and vigorous exercise on influenza-related diseases.</p>
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 17
IS  - 8
PG  - 2655-2655
SP  - 2655
EP  - 2655
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/ijerph17082655
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/8/2655
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Allocation of scarce resources during the COVID-19 pandemic: a Jewish ethical perspective
AU  - Solnica, Amy
AU  - Barski, Leonid
AU  - Jotkowitz, Alan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel COVID-19 pandemic has placed medical triage decision-making in the spotlight. As life-saving ventilators become scarce, clinicians are being forced to allocate scarce resources in even the wealthiest countries. The pervasiveness of air travel and high rate of transmission has caused this pandemic to spread swiftly throughout the world. Ethical triage decisions are commonly based on the utilitarian approach of maximising total benefits and life expectancy. We present triage guidelines from Italy, USA and the UK as well as the Jewish ethical prospective on medical triage. The Jewish tradition also recognises the utilitarian approach but there is disagreement between the rabbis whether human discretion has any role in the allocation of scarce resources and triage decision-making.
JO  - Journal of medical ethics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/medethics-2020-106242
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A primer on viral-associated olfactory loss in the era of COVID-19
AU  - Soler, Zachary M.
AU  - Patel, Zara M.
AU  - Turner, Justin H.
AU  - Holbrook, Eric H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Early reports have suggested that smell loss may be an early symptom associated with the pandemic known as COVID-19. The possibility that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) might cause olfactory dysfunction is certainly plausible. Patients presenting to specialized smell clinics are commonly diagnosed with upper respiratory infection (URI)-associated olfactory loss and most are presumed to be viral related. In acute phases of infection, it is common to experience some smell loss as a result of nasal inflammation, mucosal edema, and obstruction of airflow into the olfactory cleft. In most cases, these episodes of smell loss are self-limiting and coincide with resolution of URI symptoms. However, in some cases the smell loss persists for months to years and this is presumed to occur through a more direct olfactory insult by the virus. It remains too early to know whether infection with SARS-CoV-2 causes persistent olfactory dysfunction. However, given the scale of this pandemic, if SARS-CoV-2 does cause chronic olfactory loss in even a small portion of those infected, then the overall population prevalence could be quite large. This review provides a brief, practical overview of viral-associated olfactory loss, realizing that evidence related to COVID-19 will likely not be clear for some time. Our goal is to highlight the existence and importance of this condition and provide information geared for both providers and patients. Practical suggestions regarding evaluation and treatment will be provided, realizing that there may be constraints on medical resources and the nature of this pandemic remains dynamic. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - International forum of allergy & rhinology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/alr.22578
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32271490
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Telehealth Policies Impacting Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs)in Face of COVID-19
AU  - Sodhi, Miku
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jrh.12445
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Guidance for routine pathology practice during the prevention and control period of novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - Society of Pathology, Chinese Medical Association
AU  - Society of Pathological Doctors, Chinese Medical Doctor Association
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zhonghua bing li xue za zhi = Chinese journal of pathology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 49
IS  - 4
PG  - 294-296
SP  - 294
EP  - 296
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20200210-00073
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Point-of-care lung ultrasound in patients with COVID-19 - a narrative review
AU  - Smith, M. J.
AU  - Hayward, S. A.
AU  - Innes, S. M.
AU  - Miller, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Ultrasound imaging of the lung and associated tissues may play an important role in the management of patients with COVID-19 associated lung injury. Compared to other monitoring modalities, such as auscultation or radiographic imaging, we argue lung ultrasound has high diagnostic accuracy, is ergonomically favourable and has fewer infection control implications. By informing the initiation, escalation, titration and weaning of respiratory support, lung ultrasound can be integrated into COVID-19 care pathways for patients with respiratory failure. Given the unprecedented pressure on healthcare services currently, supporting and educating clinicians is a key enabler of the wider implementation of lung ultrasound. This narrative review provides a summary of evidence and clinical guidance for the use and interpretation of lung ultrasound for patients with moderate, severe and critical COVID-19 associated lung injury. Mechanisms by which the potential lung ultrasound workforce can be deployed are explored, including a pragmatic approach to training, governance, imaging, interpretation of images and implementation of lung ultrasound into routine clinical practice.
JO  - Anaesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/anae.15082
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and the ANZ J Surgery
AU  - Smith, Julian A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - ANZ Journal of Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/ans.15906
UR  - http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/ans.15906
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemiology and Clinical Features of COVID-19: A Review of Current Literature
AU  - Siordia, Juan A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 is a pandemic influencing the first half of the year 2020. The virus has rapidly spread to many countries. Studies are rapidly published to share information regarding epidemiology, clinical and diagnostic patterns, and prognosis. The following review condenses the surge of information into an organized format.
JO  - Journal of Clinical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 104357-104357
SP  - 104357
EP  - 104357
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104357
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1386653220300998
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The COVID-19 Pandemic: Experiences of a Geriatrician-Hospitalist Caring for Older Adults
AU  - Sinvani, Liron
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jgs.16481
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The research community must meet the coronavirus disease 2019 challenge
AU  - Singh, Poonam Khetrapal
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Indian journal of medical research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_832_20
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - PCCM at the battlefront against COVID-19 in Wuhan, China
AU  - Sinan, Wu
AU  - Renli, Qiao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Chest
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2020.04.007
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012369220306930
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - High prevalence of obesity in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) requiring invasive mechanical ventilation
AU  - Simonnet, Arthur
AU  - Chetboun, Mikael
AU  - Poissy, Julien
AU  - Raverdy, Violeta
AU  - Noulette, Jerome
AU  - Duhamel, Alain
AU  - Labreuche, Julien
AU  - Mathieu, Daniel
AU  - Pattou, Francois
AU  - Jourdain, Merce
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE: The Covid-19 pandemic is rapidly spreading worldwide, notably in Europe and North America, where obesity is highly prevalent. The relation between obesity and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has not been fully documented. METHODS: In this retrospective cohort study we analyzed the relationship between clinical characteristics, including body mass index (BMI), and the requirement for invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) in 124 consecutive patients admitted in intensive care for SARS-CoV-2, in a single French center. RESULTS: Obesity (BMI >30 kg/m2) and severe obesity (BMI >35 kg/m2) were present in 47.6% and 28.2% of cases, respectively. Overall, 85 patients (68.6%) required IMV. The proportion of patients who required IMV increased with BMI categories (p<0.01, Chi square test for trend), and it was greatest in patients with BMI >35 kg/m2 (85.7%). In multivariate logistic regression, the need for IMV was significantly associated with male sex (p<0.05) and BMI (p<0.05), independent of age, diabetes, and hypertension. The odds ratio for IMV in patients with BMI >35 kg/m2 vs patients with BMI <25 kg/m2 was 7.36 (1.63-33.14; p=0.02) CONCLUSION: The present study showed a high frequency of obesity among patients admitted in intensive care for SARS-CoV-2. Disease severity increased with BMI. Obesity is a risk factor for SARS-CoV-2 severity requiring increased attention to preventive measures in susceptible individuals.
JO  - Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/oby.22831
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in Italy: impact of containment measures and prevalence estimates of infection in the general population
AU  - Signorelli, Carlo
AU  - Scognamiglio, Thea
AU  - Odone, Anna
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since the beginning of the COVID-19 epidemic in Italy, the Italian Government implemented several restrictive measures to contain the spread of the infection. Data shows that, among these measures, the lockdown implemented as of 9 March had a positive impact, in particular  the central and southern regions of Italy, while other actions appeared to be less effective. When the true prevalence of a disease is unknown, it is possible estimate it, based on mortality data and the assumptive case-fatality rate of the disease. Given these assumptions, the estimated period-prevalence of COVID-19 in Italy varies from 0.35% in Sicity to 13.3% in Lombardy.
JO  - Acta bio-medica : Atenei Parmensis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 91
IS  - 3-S
PG  - 175-179
SP  - 175
EP  - 179
AN  - 
DO  - 10.23750/abm.v91i3-S.9511
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - War on Terror Cells: Strategies to Eradicate “Novel Coronavirus” Effectively
AU  - Siddiqui, Ruqaiyyah
AU  - Khan, Naveed Ahmed
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Brain-eating amoebae are known to harbor a plethora of viral, bacterial, protozoal, and fungal pathogens and safeguard these pathogens against disinfectants. Due to their ubiquitous distribution in the environment and their status as the trojan horse of the microbial world, amoebae can provide novel coronavirus a means to susceptible hosts and possible transmission to the central nervous system. Here, we hypothesize that pursuing the host that harbor “terror cells” is a valuable approach in eradicating novel coronavirus in affected communities.
JO  - ACS Chemical Neuroscience
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00162
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00162
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Projecting demand for critical care beds during COVID-19 outbreaks in Canada
AU  - Shoukat, Affan
AU  - Wells, Chad R.
AU  - Langley, Joanne M.
AU  - Singer, Burton H.
AU  - Galvani, Alison P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND Increasing numbers of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases in Canada may create substantial demand for hospital admission and critical care. We evaluated the extent to which self-isolation of mildly ill people delays the peak of outbreaks and reduces the need for this care in each Canadian province. METHODS We developed a computational model and simulated scenarios for COVID-19 outbreaks within each province. Using estimates of COVID-19 characteristics, we projected the hospital and intensive care unit (ICU) bed requirements without self-isolation, assuming an average number of 2.5 secondary cases, and compared scenarios in which different proportions of mildly ill people practised self-isolation 24 hours after symptom onset. RESULTS Without self-isolation, the peak of outbreaks would occur in the first half of June, and an average of 569 ICU bed days per 10 000 population would be needed. When 20% of cases practised self-isolation, the peak was delayed by 2-4 weeks, and ICU bed requirement was reduced by 23.5% compared with no self-isolation. Increasing self-isolation to 40% reduced ICU use by 53.6% and delayed the peak of infection by an additional 2-4 weeks. Assuming current ICU bed occupancy rates above 80% and self-isolation of 40%, demand would still exceed available (unoccupied) ICU bed capacity. INTERPRETATION At the peak of COVID-19 outbreaks, the need for ICU beds will exceed the total number of ICU beds even with self-isolation at 40%. Our results show the coming challenge for the health care system in Canada and the potential role of self-isolation in reducing demand for hospital-based and ICU care.
JO  - CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1503/cmaj.200457
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32269020
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Predicting the mortality due to Covid-19 by the next month for Italy, Iran and South Korea; A simulation study
AU  - Shojaee, S.
AU  - Pourhoseingholi, M. A.
AU  - Ashtari, S.
AU  - Vahedian-Azimi, A.
AU  - Asadzadeh-Aghdaei, H.
AU  - Zali, M. R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Aim: To estimate the number of confirmed cases and the rate of death and also to investigate the cause of death in Italy, Iran and South Korea in the next month. Background: Growing number of confirmed and deaths cases from the coronavirus worldwide, particularly in Italy, Iran and South Korea, has resulted concerns about the future of these countries and their deterioration. Also the European region is likely to face more casualties due to the delay in the virus reaching most of its regions and, of course, as the trend continues. Methods: We conducted a simulation in both current and ideal situation for the next month to predict the death rate and examine the reason for the difference in Italy, Iran and South Korea individually. If we assume the cultural and political factors and age pyramids distribution are similar across regions, the differences are mainly due either to the heavier health-care burden owing to the larger population or to the medical facilities diversities. Results: Our results for Italy showed higher death number, but the rate would be more for Iran. South Korea is also expected to have a smaller increase in the number of confirmed cases and deaths compared to Iran and Italy by the next month. Conclusion: Given the prevailing conditions around the world and the increasing number of casualties, it is essential that all countries, especially those with fewer days of involvement, shall do their best to avoid major losses and damages.
JO  - Gastroenterology and Hepatology from Bed to Bench
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 13
IS  - 2
PG  - 177-179
SP  - 177
EP  - 179
AN  - 
DO  - 10.22037/ghfbb.v13i2.1944
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005478317 http://dx.doi.org/10.22037/ghfbb.v13i2.1944
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Emergency response plan for the neonatal intensive care unit during epidemic of 2019 novel coronavirus
AU  - Shi, Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection has been spreading in China since December 2019. Neonates are presumably the high-risk population susceptible to 2019-nCoV due to immature immune function. The neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) should be prepared for 2019-nCoV infections as far as possible. The emergency response plan enables the efficient response capability of NICU. During the epidemic of 2019-nCoV, the emergency response plan for the NICU should be based on the actual situation, including diagnosis, isolation, and treatment, as well as available equipment and staffing, and take into account the psychosocial needs of the families and neonatal care staff.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 22
IS  - 2
PG  - 91-95
SP  - 91
EP  - 95
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2020.02.002
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005483844 http://dx.doi.org/10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2020.02.002
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Successful treatment of plasma exchange followed by intravenous immunogloblin in a critically ill patient with 2019 novel coronavirus infection
AU  - Shi, Hua
AU  - Zhou, Chaomin
AU  - He, Pinghong
AU  - Huang, Sheng
AU  - Duan, Youjun
AU  - Wang, Xuesheng
AU  - Lin, Kexiong
AU  - Zhou, Chao
AU  - Zhang, Xiangyan
AU  - Zha, Yan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We report a case of a laboratory-confirmed 2019 novel coronavirus infected (known as COVID-19) patient who developed respiratory failure and shock accompanied by persistent diarrhoea despite conventional therapeutic interventions. The patient avoided mechanical ventilation and acquired an immediate clinical and radiological improvement, after treatment of intensive plasma exchange (PE) followed by intravenous immunogloblin (IVIG). Successful therapeutic strategies in our case suggest timely initiating PE treatment followed by IVIG in critically ill patients with COVID-19 may prevent the disease from worsening and help to reduce the requirements for mechanical ventilation and intensive supportive care. What's more, it may improve poor clinical outcomes of these patients.
JO  - International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 105974-105974
SP  - 105974
EP  - 105974
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105974
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S092485792030131X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - AN ONCOLOGIST PERSPECTIVE ON COVID 19: A MYSTERIOUS CRYPTIC VIRUS
AU  - Shetty, Sameep S.
AU  - Rao, Vishal
AU  - Kudpaje, Akshay
AU  - Mithra, Surya
AU  - Merchant, Yash
AU  - Shabadi, Nikita
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Oral Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 104694-104694
SP  - 104694
EP  - 104694
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oraloncology.2020.104694
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1368837520301305
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical and Laboratory-Derived Parameters of 119 Hospitalized Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Xiangyang, Hubei Province, China
AU  - Shen, Liang
AU  - Li, Shichao
AU  - Zhu, Yufang
AU  - Zhao, Jianzhong
AU  - Tang, Xiaoyong
AU  - Li, Huiqin
AU  - Xing, Hui
AU  - Lu, Mingqing
AU  - Frederick, Christina
AU  - Huang, Canping
AU  - Wong, Gary
AU  - Wang, Chunhua
AU  - Lan, Jiaming
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.038
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.038
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Effect of Quarantine and Isolation for COVID-19 in General Population and Dermatologic Treatments
AU  - Sharma, Aseem
AU  - Fölster-Holst, Regina
AU  - Kassir, Martin
AU  - Szepietowski, Jacek
AU  - Jafferany, Mohammad
AU  - Lotti, Torello
AU  - Goldust, Mohamad
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Dermatologic therapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - e13398-e13398
SP  - e13398
EP  - e13398
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/dth.13398
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Psychiatry hospital management facing COVID-19: from medical staff to patients
AU  - Shao, Ying
AU  - Shao, Yang
AU  - Fei, Jian-Ming
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Brain, Behavior, and Immunity
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.018
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0889159120304554
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - In-hospital cardiac arrest outcomes among patients with COVID-19 pneumonia in Wuhan, China
AU  - Shao, Fei
AU  - Xu, Shuang
AU  - Ma, Xuedi
AU  - Xu, Zhouming
AU  - Lyu, Jiayou
AU  - Ng, Michael
AU  - Cui, Hao
AU  - Yu, Changxiao
AU  - Zhang, Qing
AU  - Sun, Peng
AU  - Tang, Ziren
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective : To describe the characteristics and outcomes of patients with severe COVID-19 and in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) in Wuhan, China. Methods The outcomes of patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia after IHCA over a 40-day period were retrospectively evaluated. Between January 15 and February 25, 2020, data for all cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) attempts for IHCA that occurred in a tertiary teaching hospital in Wuhan, China were collected according to the Utstein style. The primary outcome was restoration of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), and the secondary outcomes were 30-day survival, and neurological outcome. Results : Data from 136 patients showed 119 (87.5%) patients had a respiratory cause for their cardiac arrest, and 113 (83.1%) were resuscitated in a general ward. The initial rhythm was asystole in 89.7%, pulseless electrical activity (PEA) in 4.4%, and shockable in 5.9%. Most patients with IHCA were monitored (93.4%) and in most resuscitation (89%) was initiated <1min. The average length of hospital stay was 7 days and the time from illness onset to hospital admission was 10 days. The most frequent comorbidity was hypertension (30.2%), and the most frequent symptom was shortness of breath (75%). Of the patients receiving CPR, ROSC was achieved in 18 (13.2%) patients, 4 (2.9%) patients survived for at least 30 days, and one patient achieved a favourable neurological outcome at 30 days. Cardiac arrest location and initial rhythm were associated with better outcomes. Conclusion : Survival of patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia who had an in-hospital cardiac arrest was poor in Wuhan.
JO  - Resuscitation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2020.04.005
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0300957220301428
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Treatment considerations for patients with pemphigus during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Shakshouk, Hadir
AU  - Daneshpazhooh, Maryam
AU  - Murrell, Dedee F.
AU  - Lehman, Julia S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2020.04.005
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0190962220305442
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A systematic review of the prophylactic role of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine in Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19)
AU  - Shah, Sanket
AU  - Das, Saibal
AU  - Jain, Avinash
AU  - Misra, Durga Prasanna
AU  - Negi, Vir Singh
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE: The pandemic Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) has pushed the global healthcare system to a crisis and amounted to a huge economic burden. Different drugs for prophylaxis against COVID-19 including chloroquine (CQ) or hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) have been tried. This study was performed to systematically review the role of CQ and HCQ in preventing the spread of COVID-19. METHODS: PubMed, EMBASE, ClinicalTrials.gov, ICTRP, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for studies that evaluated the prophylactic role of CQ or HCQ on SARS-CoV-2 (pre-clinical studies) or COVID-19 (clinical studies) until 30 March 2020. The available literature was critically appraised. RESULTS: A total of 45 articles were screened and five (three in vitro pre-clinical studies and two clinical opinions) were included. The pre-clinical studies showed the prophylactic effects of CQ and HCQ against SARS-CoV-2. On the other hand, the clinical opinions advocated the prophylactic use of CQ and HCQ against COVID-19. However, no original clinical studies on the prophylactic role of CQ or HCQ on COVID-19 were available. CONCLUSION: Although pre-clinical results are promising, till date, there is dearth of evidence to support the efficacy of CQ or HCQ in preventing COVID-19. Considering potential safety issues and the likelihood of imparting a false sense of security, prophylaxis with CQ or HCQ against COVID-19 needs to be thoroughly evaluated in observational studies or high quality randomized controlled studies.
JO  - International journal of rheumatic diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/1756-185X.13842
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Classification system and case definition for SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnant women, fetuses, and neonates
AU  - Shah, Prakesh S.
AU  - Diambomba, Yenge
AU  - Acharya, Ganesh
AU  - Morris, Shaun K.
AU  - Bitnun, Ari
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The possibility of mother-to-fetus transmission of SARS-CoV-2, the cause of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is currently a highly debated concept in perinatal medicine. It has implications for the mother, fetus, and neonate, as well as for healthcare providers present at the time of birth and caring for the child during the neonatal period, including obstetricians, midwives, family doctors, anesthetists, pediatricians, neonatologists, nurses, and respiratory therapists. At present the evidence for intrauterine transmission from mother to fetus or intrapartum transmission from mother to the neonate is sparse. There are limitations associated with sensitivity and specificity of diagnostic tests used and classification of patients based on test results has also been questioned.
JO  - Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/aogs.13870
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32277845
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - In silico studies on therapeutic agents for COVID-19: Drug repurposing approach
AU  - Shah, Bhumi
AU  - Modi, Palmi
AU  - Sagar, Sneha R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - AIMS: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, better known as COVID-19 has become the current health concern to the entire world. Initially appeared in Wuhan, China around December 2019, it had spread to almost 187 countries due to its high contagious nature. Precautionary measures remain the sole obliging tactic to cease the person to person transmissions till any effective method of treatment or vaccine is developed. Amidst the pandemic, research and development of new molecule is labour-intensive and tedious process. Drug repurposing is the concept of identifying therapeutically potent molecule from the library of pre-existing molecules. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the present study, 61 molecules that are already being used in clinics or under clinical scrutiny as antiviral agents are surveyed via docking study. Docking study was performed using Maestro interface (Schrödinger Suite, LLC, NY). KEY FINDINGS: Out of these 61 molecules, 37 molecules were found to interact with >2 protein structures of COVID-19. The docking results indicate that amongst the reported molecules, HIV protease inhibitors and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitors showed promising features of binding to COVID-19 enzyme. Along with these, Methisazone an inhibitor of protein synthesis, CGP42112A an angiotensin AT2 receptor agonist and ABT450 an inhibitor of the non-structural protein 3-4A might become convenient treatment option as well against COVID-19. SIGNIFICANCE: The drug repurposing approach provide an insight about the therapeutics that might be helpful in treating corona virus disease.
JO  - Life sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 117652-117652
SP  - 117652
EP  - 117652
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117652
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Logarithmic vs. Linear Visualizations of COVID-19 Cases Do Not Affect Citizens’ Support for Confinement
AU  - Sevi, Semra
AU  - Aviña, Marco Mendoza
AU  - Peloquin-Skulski, Gabrielle
AU  - Heisbourg, Emmanuel
AU  - Vegas, Paola
AU  - Coulombe, Maxime
AU  - Arel-Bundock, Vincent
AU  - Loewen, Peter
AU  - Blais, André
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - During public health crises, the media and governments routinely share statistical analyses with the public. In the COVID-19 pandemic, the tool most commonly used to convey statistical information about the spread of the virus has been time-series graphs about the cumulative number of cases. When drawing such graphs, analysts have to make design decisions which can have dramatic effects on citizens’ interpretations. Plotting the COVID-19 progression on a linear scale highlights an exponential “explosion” in the number of cases, whereas plotting the number of cases on a logarithmic scale produces a line with a modest-looking slope. Even if the two graphs display the exact same information, differences in visual design may lead people to different substantive conclusions. In this study, we measure the causal effect of different visualization design choices on Canadians’ views about the crisis. We report results from a survey experiment conducted in April 2020 with a sample of 2500 respondents. We find that no matter how the information is presented, Canadians are united in supporting drastic confinement measures and in accepting that these measures will last for several months.
JO  - Canadian Journal of Political Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-8
SP  - 1
EP  - 8
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/S000842392000030X
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/logarithmic-vs-linear-visualizations-of-covid19-cases-do-not-affect-citizens-support-for-confinement/F4EB9EEE1F5BF34DB96E1F7D951B0A27
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - NAS letter suggests 'normal breathing' can expel coronavirus
AU  - Service, Robert F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Science (New York, N.Y.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 6487
PG  - 119-119
SP  - 119
EP  - 119
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.368.6487.119
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Drug repositioning an alternative for the treatment of coronavirus COVID-19
AU  - Serafin, Marissa B.
AU  - Bottega, Angelita
AU  - Foletto, Vitória S.
AU  - da Rosa, Taciéli F.
AU  - Hörner, Andreas
AU  - Hörner, Rosmari
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Given the extreme importance of the current pandemic caused by COVID-19, and due to the fact that scientists agree that there is no identified pharmacological treatment where possible therapeutic alternatives are raised through drug repositioning. We present a selection of studies involving drugs from different pharmaceutical classes with activity against SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-Cov, with potential use in the treatment of COVID-19 disease.
JO  - International journal of antimicrobial agents
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 105969-105969
SP  - 105969
EP  - 105969
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105969
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Thoracic Anesthesia of Patients with Suspected or Confirmed 2019 Novel Coronavirus Infection: Preliminary Recommendations for Airway Management by the EACTA Thoracic Subspecialty Committee
AU  - Şentürk, Mert
AU  - Tahan, Mohamed R. El
AU  - Szegedi, Laszlo L.
AU  - Marczin, Nandor
AU  - Karzai, Waheedullah
AU  - Shelley, Ben
AU  - Piccioni, Federico
AU  - Gil, Manuel Granell
AU  - Rex, Steffen
AU  - Bence, Johan
AU  - Cohen, Edmond
AU  - Gregorio, Guido Di
AU  - Drnvsek-Globoikar, Mojca
AU  - Jimenez, Maria-José
AU  - Licker, Marc-Josephjo
AU  - Mourisse, Jo
AU  - Mukherjee, Chirojit
AU  - Navarro-Ripolli, Ricard
AU  - Neskovic, Vojislava
AU  - Paloczi, Balazs
AU  - Paternoster, Gianluca
AU  - Pelosi, Paolo
AU  - Salaheldeen, Ahmed
AU  - Stoica, Radu
AU  - Unzueta, Carmen
AU  - Vanpeteghem, Caroline
AU  - Vegh, Tamas
AU  - Wouters, Patrick
AU  - Yapici, Davud
AU  - Guarracino, Fabio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus has caused a pandemic around the world. Management of patients with suspected or confirmed coronavirus infection who have to undergo thoracic surgery will be a challenge for the anesthesiologists. infection who have to undergo thoracic surgery will be a challenge for the anesthesiologists. The thoracic subspecialty committee of European Association of Cardiothoracic Anaesthesiology (EACTA) has conducted a survey of opinion in order to create recommendations for the anesthetic approach to these challenging patients. It should be emphasized that both the management of the infected patient with COVID-19 and the self-protection of the anesthesia team constitute a complicated challenge. The text focuses therefore on both important topics.
JO  - Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2020.03.059
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053077020303098
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A state overview of COVID19 spread, interventions and preparedness
AU  - Sen-Crowe, Brendon
AU  - McKenney, Mark
AU  - Boneva, Dessy
AU  - Elkbuli, Adel
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2020.04.020
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735675720302485
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Balancing Risk and Benefit during Corona Virus
AU  - Sehn, Laurie H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Blood
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1182/blood.2020006279
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Oncology Practice During the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Schrag, Deborah
AU  - Hershman, Dawn L.
AU  - Basch, Ethan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.6236
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Maintaining Our Humanity Through the Mask: Mindful Communication During COVID-19
AU  - Schlögl, Mathias
AU  - Jones, Christopher
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jgs.16488
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prawa człowieka dzieci niepełnosprawnych w sytuacjach kryzysowych: wyzwanie COVID-19
AU  - Schiariti, Verónica
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Developmental medicine and child neurology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/dmcn.14544
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Os direitos humanos das crianças com deficiência durante emergências de saúde: o desafio do COVID-19
AU  - Schiariti, Verónica
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Developmental medicine and child neurology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/dmcn.14528
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 突發公共衛生事件期間身心障礙兒童的人權: 挑战 冠状病毒病
AU  - Schiariti, Verónica
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/dmcn.14527
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/dmcn.14527
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Corona-Krise
AU  - Scherr, Albert
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Der Beitrag setzt sich mit der Frage auseinander, was den gesellschaftlichen Reaktionen auf die Ausbreitung des Coronavirus zu Grunde liegt. In einer sozialwissenschaftlichen Perspektive wird argumentiert, dass diese nicht zureichend als zwangsläufige politische Konsequenz aus Einsichten der medizinischen Virenforschung verstanden werden können, sondern auch als Folge einer fundamentalen kulturellen Verunsicherung in den Blick zu nehmen sind. Aufgezeigt wird zudem die nationalistische Rahmung der politischen Reaktionen. Abschließend wird darauf auf die Gefahr hingewiesen, dass das, was in einem deklarierten temporären Ausnahmezustand gesellschaftlich durchsetzbar ist, auch unter anderen Bedingungen aktualisiert werden könnte.
JO  - Sozial Extra
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-5
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12054-020-00285-4
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12054-020-00285-4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19 and its impact on nephropathic patients: the experience at Ospedale "Guglielmo da Saliceto" in Piacenza
AU  - Scarpioni, Roberto
AU  - Manini, Alessandra
AU  - Valsania, Teresa
AU  - De Amicis, Sara
AU  - Albertazzi, Vittorio
AU  - Melfa, Luigi
AU  - Ricardi, Marco
AU  - Rocca, Chiara
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Roberto Scarpioni and colleagues recount their experience with the Covid-19 epidemic at the Nephrology and Dialysis Center of the "Guglielmo da Saliceto" Hospital in Piacenza, where everybody is still fighting to this moment to contain the spread of the disease and face an increasingly unsustainable clinical situation. Piacenza is only 15 km away from the main cluster of cases in the country (Codogno, in the Lodi province) and, after the closure of the Hospital in Codogno, saw an escalation in the number of patients testing positive to Covid-19. The authors describe their efforts and the practices they adopted to contain the spread of the disease among inpatients visiting the hospital's Hemodialysis Clinic. They also reflect on some of the data available on the 25/03/2020, such as the number of patients testing positive and the mortality rate, unfortunately very high. Their aim is to help all colleagues that have yet to face this epidemic in its full force.
JO  - Giornale italiano di nefrologia : organo ufficiale della Societa italiana di nefrologia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 37
IS  - 2
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Commentary: The double responsibility of the thoracic surgeon at the time of the pandemic: a perspective from the North of Italy
AU  - Scarci, Marco
AU  - Raveglia, Federico
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcvs.2020.04.003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022522320308576
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - "Fast, faster, and fastest: science on the run during COVID-19 drama"-"do not forget the liver"
AU  - Sarin, S. K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Hepatology international
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12072-020-10042-0
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32277386
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pharmacologic Treatments for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Review
AU  - Sanders, James M.
AU  - Monogue, Marguerite L.
AU  - Jodlowski, Tomasz Z.
AU  - Cutrell, James B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - IMPORTANCE: The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) presents an unprecedented challenge to identify effective drugs for prevention and treatment. Given the rapid pace of scientific discovery and clinical data generated by the large number of people rapidly infected by SARS-CoV-2, clinicians need accurate evidence regarding effective medical treatments for this infection. OBSERVATIONS: No proven effective therapies for this virus currently exist. The rapidly expanding knowledge regarding SARS-CoV-2 virology provides a significant number of potential drug targets. The most promising therapy is remdesivir. Remdesivir has potent in vitro activity against SARS-CoV-2, but it is not US Food and Drug Administration approved and currently is being tested in ongoing randomized trials. Oseltamivir has not been shown to have efficacy, and corticosteroids are currently not recommended. Current clinical evidence does not support stopping angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers in patients with COVID-19. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: The COVID-19 pandemic represents the greatest global public health crisis of this generation and, potentially, since the pandemic influenza outbreak of 1918. The speed and volume of clinical trials launched to investigate potential therapies for COVID-19 highlight both the need and capability to produce high-quality evidence even in the middle of a pandemic. No therapies have been shown effective to date.
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.6019
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pharmacologic Treatments for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
AU  - Sanders, James M.
AU  - Monogue, Marguerite L.
AU  - Jodlowski, Tomasz Z.
AU  - Cutrell, James B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Importance The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) presents an unprecedented challenge to identify effective drugs for prevention and treatment. Given the rapid pace of scientific discovery and clinical data generated by the large number of people rapidly infected by SARS-CoV-2, clinicians need accurate evidence regarding effective medical treatments for this infection. Observations No proven effective therapies for this virus currently exist. The rapidly expanding knowledge regarding SARS-CoV-2 virology provides a significant number of potential drug targets. The most promising therapy is remdesivir. Remdesivir has potent in vitro activity against SARS-CoV-2, but it is not US Food and Drug Administration approved and currently is being tested in ongoing randomized trials. Oseltamivir has not been shown to have efficacy, and corticosteroids are currently not recommended. Current clinical evidence does not support stopping angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers in patients with COVID-19. Conclusions and Relevance The COVID-19 pandemic represents the greatest global public health crisis of this generation and, potentially, since the pandemic influenza outbreak of 1918. The speed and volume of clinical trials launched to investigate potential therapies for COVID-19 highlight both the need and capability to produce high-quality evidence even in the middle of a pandemic. No therapies have been shown effective to date.
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.6019
UR  - https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2764727
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Reflections on the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Sampaio, Francisco J. B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International braz j urol : official journal of the Brazilian Society of Urology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 46
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2020.04.02
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32271511
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Seasonal Influenza Activity During the SARS-CoV-2 Outbreak in Japan
AU  - Sakamoto, Haruka
AU  - Ishikane, Masahiro
AU  - Ueda, Peter
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.6173
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Facing COVID-19 in the hematopoietic cell transplant setting: A new challenge for transplantation physicians
AU  - Sahu, Kamal Kant
AU  - Jindal, Vishal
AU  - Siddiqui, Ahmad Daniyal
AU  - Cerny, Jan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Blood Cells, Molecules, and Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 102439-102439
SP  - 102439
EP  - 102439
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcmd.2020.102439
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1079979620301406
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prey in Heroes’ Capes
AU  - Sabatino, Jolanda
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JACC: Case Reports
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaccas.2020.04.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666084920303375
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 or Lung Cancer: what should we treat?
AU  - Russano, Marco
AU  - Citarella, Fabrizio
AU  - Vincenzi, Bruno
AU  - Tonini, Giuseppe
AU  - Santini, Daniele
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Thoracic Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtho.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S155608642030294X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and gastrointestinal endoscopies: current insights and emergent strategies
AU  - Perisetti, Abhilash
AU  - Gajendran, Mahesh
AU  - Boregowda, Umesha
AU  - Bansal, Pardeep
AU  - Goyal, Hemant
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A new coronavirus emerged in December 2019 in Wuhan city of China, named as the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), and disease was called as coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). The infection due to this virus spread exponentially throughout China and then spread across >205 nations, including the United States (US). Gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopies are routinely performed in the US and globally. Previous reports of isolated infection outbreaks were reported with endoscopes acting as potential vectors. While multidrug-resistant organisms have been reported to be spread by endoscopes, few cases of viruses such as Hepatitis B and C are noted in the literature. COVID-19 predominately spread by droplet transmission, although recent evidence showed that shedding in feces and feco-oral transmission could also be possible. It is unclear if COVID-19 could be transmitted by endoscopes, but it could theoretically happen due to contact with mucous membranes and body fluids. GI endoscopies involve close contact with oral and colonic contents exposing endoscopy staff to respiratory and oropharyngeal secretions. This can increase the risk of contamination and contribute to virus transmission. Given these risks, all major GI societies have called for rescheduling elective non-urgent procedures and perform only emergent or urgent based on the clinical need. Furthermore, pre-screening of all individuals prior to endoscopy is recommended. This article focuses on the risk of COVID-19 transmission by GI shedding, the potential role of endoscopes as a vector of this novel virus including transmission during endoscopies and prevention strategies including deferral of elective non-urgent endoscopy procedures.
JO  - Digestive endoscopy : official journal of the Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/den.13693
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - May we deliver neuro-oncology in difficult times (e.g. COVID-19)?
AU  - Perin, Alessandro
AU  - Servadei, Franco
AU  - DiMeco, Francesco
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Neuro-Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11060-020-03496-7
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11060-020-03496-7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The fast territorial expansion of the Covid-19 in Spain
AU  - Perez-Bermejo, Marcelino
AU  - Murillo-Llorente, Maria Teresa
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - JE20200123-JE20200123
SP  - JE20200123
EP  - JE20200123
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2188/jea.JE20200123
UR  - https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jea/advpub/0/advpub_JE20200123/_article
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Use of self-administered surveys through QR code and same center telemedicine in a walk-in clinic in the era of COVID-19
AU  - Perez-Alba, Eduardo
AU  - Nuzzolo-Shihadeh, Laura
AU  - Espinosa-Mora, Jaime Eugenio
AU  - Camacho-Ortiz, Adrián
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/jamia/ocaa054
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/jamia/advance-article/doi/10.1093/jamia/ocaa054/5819556
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Challenges and cares to promote rational use of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine in the management of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic: a timely review
AU  - Pereira, Boscolli Barbosa
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As a result of the 2019 coronavirus disease pandemic (COVID-19), there has been an urgent worldwide demand for treatments. Due to factors such as history of prescription for other infectious diseases, availability, and relatively low cost, the use of chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) has been tested in vivo and in vitro for the ability to inhibit the causative virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). However, even though investigators noted the therapeutic potential of these drugs, it is important to consider the toxicological risks and necessary care for rational use of CQ and HCQ. This study provides information on the main toxicological and epidemiological aspects to be considered for prophylaxis or treatment of COVID-19 using CQ but mainly HCQ, which is a less toxic derivative than CQ, and was shown to produce better results in inhibiting proliferation of SARS-CoV-2 based upon preliminary tests.
JO  - Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part B, Critical reviews
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-5
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/10937404.2020.1752340
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mental Health Services in Lombardy during COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Percudani, Mauro
AU  - Corradin, Matteo
AU  - Moreno, Mauro
AU  - Indelicato, Annamaria
AU  - Vita, Antonio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Lombardy is the Region in Italy the most heavily affected by coronavirus disease (COVID-19) contagion. The Regional Health Authority mandates that mental health services should be guaranteed, identifying mental health as a priority for their citizens. Recommendations for occupational and health safety have been provided to patients and hospital staff, including support for telemedicine activities and remote psychosocial interventions. Mental Health Services are providing continued care at a community, residential and hospital level, and to positive COVID-19 psychiatric patients in need of hospitalization.
JO  - Psychiatry Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 112980-112980
SP  - 112980
EP  - 112980
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112980
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165178120307265
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Unlikely SARS-CoV-2 vertical transmission from mother to child: A case report
AU  - Peng, Zhoujie
AU  - Wang, Jianhui
AU  - Mo, Yunbo
AU  - Duan, Wei
AU  - Xiang, Guangjun
AU  - Yi, Ming
AU  - Bo, Lei
AU  - Sh, Yuan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) rapidly spread across China and to more than 70 countries, an increasing number of pregnant women were affected. The vertical transmission potential of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is of great concern to the obstetrics, neonatologists, and public health agencies. Though some studies indicated the risk of vertical transmission is low, few cases have been reported with comprehensive serial tests from multiple specimens. In this case, a female preterm infant was born to a mother with confirmed COVID-19. She presented with mild respiratory distress and received general management and a short period of nasal continuous positive airway pressure support. During her stay at the hospital, a series of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic test from her throat and anal swab, serum, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and urine were negative. The nucleic acid test from the mother's amniotic fluid, vaginal secretions, cord blood, placenta, serum, anal swab, and breast milk were also negative. The most comprehensively tested case reported to date confirmed that the vertical transmission of COVID is unlikely, but still, more evidence is needed.
JO  - Journal of Infection and Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiph.2020.04.004
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876034120304391
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical course of coronavirus disease 2019 in 11 patients after thoracic surgery and challenges in diagnosis
AU  - Peng, Shu
AU  - Huang, Liu
AU  - Zhao, Bo
AU  - Zhou, Shuchang
AU  - Braithwaite, Irene
AU  - Zhang, Ni
AU  - Fu, Xiangning
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objectives To illustrate the clinical course and difficulties in early diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in patients after thoracic surgery. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical course of the first 11 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 after thoracic surgery in early January 2020. Post-operative clinical, laboratory, radiological records and timeline of clinical course were summarized. Potential prognostic factors were evaluated. Result In the 11 confirmed cases (3 females, 8 males), median days from symptom onset to case detection was 8. Insidious symptom onset and misinterpreted post-operative changes on chest computed tomography (CT) resulted in delay in diagnosis. There were 3 fatalities due to respiratory failure, while 4 severe and 4 mild cases recovered and were discharged. All patients had once leukocytosis and eosinopenia. Remittent fever and resected lung segments ≥ 5 were associated with fatality. Conclusions The case-fatality rate of post-surgical patients subsequently diagnosed with COVID-19 was 27.3%. Insidious symptom onset, post-operative leukocytosis with lymphopenia and post-surgical CT changes overshadowed the early signs of viral pneumonia. Dynamic symptom monitoring, serial Chest CTs and tests for viral RNA and serum antibody improve the chance for prompt detection of COVID-19. Consideration should be given to pre-admission and pre-operative screening and strict contact isolation during the post-operative period.
JO  - The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcvs.2020.04.005
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S002252232030859X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Using echocardiography to guide the treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - Peng, Qian-Yi
AU  - Wang, Xiao-Ting
AU  - Zhang, Li-Na
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Critical Care
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 24
IS  - 1
PG  - 143-143
SP  - 143
EP  - 143
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s13054-020-02856-z
UR  - https://ccforum.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13054-020-02856-z
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Managing patients with cancer in the COVID-19 era
AU  - Peng, Ling
AU  - Zagorac, Sladjana
AU  - Stebbing, Justin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Journal of Cancer
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2020.03.028
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959804920301787
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Seven discharged patients turning positive again for SARS-CoV-2 on quantitative RT-PCR
AU  - Peng, Jianhui
AU  - Wang, Mingke
AU  - Zhang, Gangqing
AU  - Lu, Eying
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - American Journal of Infection Control
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2020.03.017
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S019665532030198X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - French Sarcoma Group proposals for management of sarcoma patients during COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Penel, N.
AU  - Bonvalot, S.
AU  - Minard, V.
AU  - Orbach, D.
AU  - Gouin, F.
AU  - Corradini, N.
AU  - Brahmi, M.
AU  - Marec-Bérard, P.
AU  - Briand, S.
AU  - Gaspar, N.
AU  - Llacer, C.
AU  - Carrère, S.
AU  - Dufresne, A.
AU  - Le Cesne, A.
AU  - Blay, J. Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.03.308
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Response of a European surgical department to the COVID-19 crisis
AU  - Peloso, Andrea
AU  - Moeckli, Beat
AU  - Oldani, Graziano
AU  - Triponez, Frédéric
AU  - Toso, Christian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Swiss medical weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 150
IS  - 
PG  - w20241-w20241
SP  - w20241
EP  - w20241
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4414/smw.2020.20241
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Challenges and issues about organising a hospital to respond to the COVID-19 outbreak: experience from a French reference centre
AU  - Peiffer-Smadja, Nathan
AU  - Lucet, Jean-Christophe
AU  - Bendjelloul, Gisèle
AU  - Bouadma, Lila
AU  - Gerard, Sandrine
AU  - Choquet, Christophe
AU  - Jacques, Sophie
AU  - Khalil, Antoine
AU  - Maisani, Pauline
AU  - Casalino, Enrique
AU  - Descamps, Diane
AU  - Timsit, Jean-François
AU  - Yazdanpanah, Yazdan
AU  - Lescure, François-Xavier
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.cmi.2020.04.002
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Italian Physical Therapists’ Response to the Novel COVID-19 Emergency
AU  - Pedersini, Paolo
AU  - Corbellini, Camilo
AU  - Villafañe, Jorge Hugo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Physical Therapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/ptj/pzaa060
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/ptj/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ptj/pzaa060/5818364
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Can an effective SARS-CoV-2 vaccine be developed for the older population?
AU  - Pawelec, Graham
AU  - Weng, Nan-ping
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 and its inordinately rapid spread is posing severe challenges to the wellbeing of millions of people worldwide, health care systems and the global economy. While many younger people experience no or mild symptoms on infection, older adults are highly susceptible to life-threatening respiratory and systemic conditions which demand a full understanding and leveraging of knowledge of the differences between immunity in young and old people. Consequently, we welcome papers addressing any issues relevant to immunity and ageing in the context of SARS-CoV-2, and will endeavour to fast-track peer-review. We aim to provide a platform exclusively for discussions of individual and age differences in susceptibility and immune responses to COVID caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection and how to prevent or reduce severity of disease in older adults.
JO  - Immunity & Ageing
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 17
IS  - 1
PG  - 8-8
SP  - 8
EP  - 8
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s12979-020-00180-2
UR  - https://immunityageing.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12979-020-00180-2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Five decades of research on foreign direct investment by MNEs: An overview and research agenda
AU  - Paul, Justin
AU  - Feliciano-Cestero, aría M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Despite the significance attached to foreign direct investment (FDI) by Multinational enterprises (MNEs), there are is no comprehensive review of the FDI literature. Moreover, those that have been published, focus on subsets of FDI. This review systematically examines the empirical as well as theoretical research on FDI through an analysis of 500 articles published during the last five decades. Theoretical models, methods, context, and contributions to scholarship were reviewed. We strive to highlight the key theories, paradigms, and articles and provide directions for future research. We conclude that FDI has evolved as the most significant area of international business.
JO  - Journal of Business Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.04.017
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0148296320302332
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Social distancing to combat COVID-19: We are all on the front line
AU  - Patrick, Kirsten
AU  - Stanbrook, Matthew B.
AU  - Laupacis, Andreas
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1503/cmaj.200606
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32269019
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Sexual transmission of SARS-CoV-2: a new possible route of infection?
AU  - Patrì, Angela
AU  - Gallo, Lucia
AU  - Guarino, Maria
AU  - Fabbrocini, Gabriella
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.03.098
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Hydroxychloroquine and ivermectin: a synergistic combination for COVID-19 chemoprophylaxis and/or treatment?
AU  - Patrì, Angela
AU  - Fabbrocini, Gabriella
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2020.04.017
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0190962220305570
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Back to the Basics: Diluted Bleach for COVID-19
AU  - Patel, Parth
AU  - Sanghvi, Sanjna
AU  - Malik, Kunal
AU  - Khachemoune, Amor
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2020.04.033
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0190962220306095
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Ethical and Legal Challenges During the COVID-19 Pandemic – Are We Thinking About Rural Hospitals?
AU  - Patel, Love
AU  - Elliott, Amy
AU  - Storlie, Erik
AU  - Kethireddy, Rajesh
AU  - Goodman, Kim
AU  - Dickey, William
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of Rural Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jrh.12447
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jrh.12447
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Donor Organ Evaluation in the Era of COVID-19: A case of nosocomial infection?
AU  - Patel, Krishan J.
AU  - Kao, Tina
AU  - Geft, Dael
AU  - Czer, Lawrence
AU  - Esmailian, Fardad
AU  - Kobashigawa, Jon A.
AU  - Patel, Jignesh K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healun.2020.04.005
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S105324982031514X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Initial public health response and interim clinical guidance for the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak — United States, December 31, 2019–February 4, 2020
AU  - Patel, A.
AU  - Jernigan, D. B.
AU  - Abdirizak, F.
AU  - Abedi, G.
AU  - Aggarwal, S.
AU  - Albina, D.
AU  - Allen, E.
AU  - Andersen, L.
AU  - Anderson, J.
AU  - Anderson, M.
AU  - Anderson, T.
AU  - Anderson, K.
AU  - Bardossy, A. C.
AU  - Barry, V.
AU  - Beer, K.
AU  - Bell, M.
AU  - Berger, S.
AU  - Bertulfo, J.
AU  - Biggs, H.
AU  - Bornemann, J.
AU  - Bornstein, J.
AU  - Bower, W.
AU  - Bresee, J.
AU  - Brown, C.
AU  - Budd, A.
AU  - Buigut, J.
AU  - Burke, S.
AU  - Burke, R.
AU  - Burns, E.
AU  - Butler, J.
AU  - Cantrell, R.
AU  - Cardemil, C.
AU  - Cates, J.
AU  - Cetron, M.
AU  - Chatham-Stephens, K.
AU  - Chatham-Stevens, K.
AU  - Chea, N.
AU  - Christensen, B.
AU  - Chu, V.
AU  - Clarke, K.
AU  - Cleveland, A.
AU  - Cohen, N.
AU  - Cohen, M.
AU  - Cohn, A.
AU  - Collins, J.
AU  - Conners, E.
AU  - Curns, A.
AU  - Dahl, R.
AU  - Daley, W.
AU  - Dasari, V.
AU  - Davlantes, E.
AU  - Dawson, P.
AU  - Delaney, L.
AU  - Donahue, M.
AU  - Dowell, C.
AU  - Dyal, J.
AU  - Edens, W.
AU  - Eidex, R.
AU  - Epstein, L.
AU  - Evans, M.
AU  - Fagan, R.
AU  - Farris, K.
AU  - Feldstein, L.
AU  - Fox, L.
AU  - Frank, M.
AU  - Freeman, B.
AU  - Fry, A.
AU  - Fuller, J.
AU  - Galang, R.
AU  - Gerber, S.
AU  - Gokhale, R.
AU  - Goldstein, S.
AU  - Gorman, S.
AU  - Gregg, W.
AU  - Greim, W.
AU  - Grube, S.
AU  - Hall, A.
AU  - Haynes, A.
AU  - Hill, S.
AU  - Hornsby-Myers, J.
AU  - Hunter, J.
AU  - Ionta, C.
AU  - Isenhour, C.
AU  - Jacobs, M.
AU  - Jacobs Slifka, K.
AU  - Jernigan, D.
AU  - Jhung, M.
AU  - Jones-Wormley, J.
AU  - Kambhampati, A.
AU  - Kamili, S.
AU  - Kennedy, P.
AU  - Kent, C.
AU  - Killerby, M.
AU  - Kim, L.
AU  - Kirking, H.
AU  - Koonin, L.
AU  - Koppaka, R.
AU  - Kosmos, C.
AU  - Kuhar, D.
AU  - Kuhnert-Tallman, W.
AU  - Kujawski, S.
AU  - Kumar, A.
AU  - Landon, A.
AU  - Lee, L.
AU  - Leung, J.
AU  - Lindstrom, S.
AU  - Link-Gelles, R.
AU  - Lively, J.
AU  - Lu, X.
AU  - Lynch, B.
AU  - Malapati, L.
AU  - Mandel, S.
AU  - Manns, B.
AU  - Marano, N.
AU  - Marlow, M.
AU  - Marston, B.
AU  - McClung, N.
AU  - McClure, L.
AU  - McDonald, E.
AU  - McGovern, O.
AU  - Messonnier, N.
AU  - Midgley, C.
AU  - Moulia, D.
AU  - Murray, J.
AU  - Noelte, K.
AU  - Noonan-Smith, M.
AU  - Nordlund, K.
AU  - Norton, E.
AU  - Oliver, S.
AU  - Pallansch, M.
AU  - Parashar, U.
AU  - Patel, M.
AU  - Pettrone, K.
AU  - Pierce, T.
AU  - Pietz, H.
AU  - Pillai, S.
AU  - Radonovich, L.
AU  - Reagan-Steiner, S.
AU  - Reel, A.
AU  - Reese, H.
AU  - Rha, B.
AU  - Ricks, P.
AU  - Rolfes, M.
AU  - Roohi, S.
AU  - Roper, L.
AU  - Rotz, L.
AU  - Routh, J.
AU  - Sakthivel, S. K.
AU  - Sarmiento, L.
AU  - Schindelar, J.
AU  - Schneider, E.
AU  - Schuchat, A.
AU  - Scott, S.
AU  - Shetty, V.
AU  - Shockey, C.
AU  - Shugart, J.
AU  - Stenger, M.
AU  - Stuckey, M.
AU  - Sunshine, B.
AU  - Sykes, T.
AU  - Uyeki, T.
AU  - Vahey, G.
AU  - Valderrama, A.
AU  - Villanueva, J.
AU  - Walker, T.
AU  - Wallace, M.
AU  - Wang, L.
AU  - Watson, J.
AU  - Weber, A.
AU  - Weinbaum, C.
AU  - Weldon, W.
AU  - Westnedge, C.
AU  - Whitaker, B.
AU  - Whitaker, M.
AU  - Williams, A.
AU  - Willams, I.
AU  - Wong, K.
AU  - Xie, A.
AU  - Yousef, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - American Journal of Transplantation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 20
IS  - 3
PG  - 889-895
SP  - 889
EP  - 895
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/ajt.15805
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2004515376 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ajt.15805
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Testing for COVID-19 in lung cancer patients
AU  - Passaro, Antonio
AU  - Peters, Solange
AU  - Mok, Tony S. K.
AU  - Attili, Ilaria
AU  - Mitsudomi, Tetsuya
AU  - de Marinis, Filippo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.04.002
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and pets: When pandemic meets panic
AU  - Parry, Nicola M. A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As the novel coronavirus outbreak spreads globally with devastating effects on human health, pets are also becoming unnecessary victims amidst the pandemic panic. Many have been reluctantly left home alone by owners who have been forced to temporarily evacuate their homes. And, although no evidence exists to indicate that they can either transmit the virus or develop its associated coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), fear among the public that pets might play a role in spreading COVID-19 has resulted in pets being abandoned or even killed. This article outlines some of the ways in which the current pandemic has negatively impacted the welfare of pets. It also highlights the relationships between animal, human, and environmental health, as well as the importance of taking a collaborative transdisciplinary One Health approach to help prevent future COVID-19 outbreaks.
JO  - Forensic Science International: Reports
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 100090-100090
SP  - 100090
EP  - 100090
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsir.2020.100090
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2665910720300396
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Determination of Air Filter Anti-Viral Efficiency against an Airborne Infectious Virus
AU  - Park, Dae Hoon
AU  - Joe, Yun Haeng
AU  - Piri, Amin
AU  - An, Sanggwon
AU  - Hwang, Jungho
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Recently, various studies have reported the prevention and treatment of respiratory infection outbreaks caused by lethal viruses. Consequently, a variety of air filters coated with antimicrobial agents have been developed to capture and inactivate virus particles in continuous airflow conditions. However, since aerosolized infectious viral-testing is inadvisable due to safety concerns, their anti-viral capability has only been tested by inserting the filters into liquid media, where infectious virus particles disperse. In this study a novel method of determining anti-viral performance of an air filter against airborne infectious viruses is presented. Initially, anti-viral air filter tests were conducted. Firstly, by an air-media test, in which the air filter was placed against an aerosolized non-infectious virus. Secondly, by a liquid-media test, in which the filter was inserted into a liquid medium containing a non-infectious virus. Subsequently, a correlation was established by comparing the susceptibility constants obtained between the two medium tests and an association was found for the air medium test with infectious virus. After ensuring the relationship did not depend on the virus species, the correlation was used to derive the results of the air-medium test from the results of the liquid-medium test.
JO  - Journal of Hazardous Materials
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 122640-122640
SP  - 122640
EP  - 122640
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122640
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304389420306294
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Collaborative Multi-Disciplinary Incident Command at Seattle Children’s Hospital for Rapid Preparatory Pediatric Surgery Countermeasures to the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Parikh, Sanjay R.
AU  - Avansino, Jeffrey R.
AU  - Dick, Andre A. S.
AU  - Enriquez, Brianna K.
AU  - Geiduschek, Jeremy M.
AU  - Martin, Lynn D.
AU  - McDonald, Ruth A.
AU  - Yandow, Suzanne M.
AU  - Zerr, Danielle M.
AU  - Ojemann, Jeffrey G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Washington State was the first U.S. state to have a patient test positive for COVID-19. Prior to this, our children’s hospital proactively implemented an incident command structure which allowed for collaborative creation of safety measures, policies and procedures for both patients, families, staff and providers. Although the treatment and protective standards are continuously evolving, this commentary shares our thoughts on how an institution, specifically surgical services may develop collaborative process improvement to accommodate for rapid and ongoing change. Specific changes outlined include [1] early establishment of incident command [2] personal protective equipment conservation, [3] workforce safety, [4] surgical and ambulatory patient triage, and [5] optimization of trainee education. Please note that the contents of this manuscript are shared in the interest of providing collaborative information and are under continuous development as our regional situation changes. We recognize the limitations of this commentary and do not suggest that our approaches represent validated best practices.
JO  - Journal of the American College of Surgeons
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2020.04.012
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1072751520303197
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Delivery in pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV-2: A fast review
AU  - Parazzini, Fabio
AU  - Bortolus, Renata
AU  - Mauri, Paola Agnese
AU  - Favilli, Alessandro
AU  - Gerli, Sandro
AU  - Ferrazzi, Enrico
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Few case reports and clinical series exist on pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV-2 who delivered. OBJECTIVE: To review the available information on mode of delivery, vertical/peripartum transmission, and neonatal outcome in pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV-2. SEARCH STRATEGY: Combination of the following key words: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, and pregnancy in Embase and PubMed databases. SELECTION CRITERIA: Papers reporting cases of women infected with SARS-CoV-2 who delivered. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: The following was extracted: author; country; number of women; study design; gestational age at delivery; selected clinical maternal data; mode of delivery; selected neonatal outcomes. MAIN RESULTS: In the 13 studies included, vaginal delivery was reported in 6 cases (9.4%; 95% CI, 3.5-19.3). Indication for cesarean delivery was worsening of maternal conditions in 31 cases (48.4%; 95% CI, 35.8-61.3). Two newborns testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 by real-time RT-PCR assay were reported. In three neonates, SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgM levels were elevated but the RT-PCR test was negative. CONCLUSIONS: The rate of vertical or peripartum transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is low, if any, for cesarean delivery; no data are available for vaginal delivery. Low frequency of spontaneous preterm birth and general favorable immediate neonatal outcome are reassuring.
JO  - International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/ijgo.13166
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 as a Complex Intergovernmental Problem
AU  - Paquet, Mireille
AU  - Schertzer, Robert
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Federations increasingly face complex policy challenges, from managing climate change to mass migration. COVID-19 is a prime example of this emerging type of problem. This research note introduces the concept of Complex Intergovernmental Problems (CIPs) to better understand these types of challenges. While political leaders and media often describe COVID-19 as a crisis, the concept of CIPs generates more analytical power to understand the management of this pandemic in federations and multi-level governance systems. The nature of this problem requires intergovernmental coordination and cooperation for effective policy responses. At the same time, COVID-19 will significantly affect intergovernmental relations in Canada over both the short and long terms. Highlighting how COVID-19 intersects with intergovernmental relations allows us to better assess how governments have responded and will facilitate comparative research.
JO  - Canadian Journal of Political Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-5
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/S0008423920000281
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/covid19-as-a-complex-intergovernmental-problem/8F1CB8217949E5BCE0DC075A6B5DEAC3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Letter: Covid-19, and vitamin D
AU  - Panarese, Alba
AU  - Shahini, Endrit
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/apt.15752
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Serological immunochromatographic approach in diagnosis with SARS-CoV-2 infected COVID-19 patients
AU  - Pan, Yunbao
AU  - Li, Xinran
AU  - Yang, Gui
AU  - Fan, Junli
AU  - Tang, Yueting
AU  - Zhao, Jin
AU  - Long, Xinghua
AU  - Guo, Shuang
AU  - Zhao, Ziwu
AU  - Liu, Yinjuan
AU  - Hu, Hanning
AU  - Xue, Han
AU  - Li, Yirong
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - An outbreak of new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 was occurred in Wuhan, China and rapidly spread to other cities and nations. The standard diagnostic approach that widely adopted in the clinic is nucleic acid detection by real-time RT-PCR. However, the false-negative rate of the technique is unneglectable and serological methods are urgently warranted. Here, we presented the colloidal gold-based immunochromatographic (ICG) strip targeting viral IgM or IgG antibody and compared it with real-time RT-PCR. The sensitivity of ICG assay with IgM and IgG combinatorial detection in nucleic acid confirmed cases were 11.1%, 92.9% and 96.8% at the early stage (1-7 days after onset), intermediate stage (8-14 days after onset), and late stage (more than 15 days), respectively. The ICG detection capacity in nucleic acid-negative suspected cases was 43.6%. In addition, the concordance of whole blood samples and plasma showed Cohen's kappa value of 0.93, which represented the almost perfect agreement between two types of samples. In conclusion, serological ICG strip assay in detecting SARS-CoV-2 infection is both sensitive and consistent, which is considered as an excellent supplementary approach in clinical application.
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.051
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.051
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Glimpse of University Students’ Family Life Amidst the COVID-19 Virus
AU  - Pan, Haimin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Loss and Trauma
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/15325024.2020.1750194
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/15325024.2020.1750194
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Association of Public Health Interventions With the Epidemiology of the COVID-19 Outbreak in Wuhan, China
AU  - Pan, An
AU  - Liu, Li
AU  - Wang, Chaolong
AU  - Guo, Huan
AU  - Hao, Xingjie
AU  - Wang, Qi
AU  - Huang, Jiao
AU  - He, Na
AU  - Yu, Hongjie
AU  - Lin, Xihong
AU  - Wei, Sheng
AU  - Wu, Tangchun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - IMPORTANCE: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a pandemic, and it is unknown whether a combination of public health interventions can improve control of the outbreak. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association of public health interventions with the epidemiological features of the COVID-19 outbreak in Wuhan by 5 periods according to key events and interventions. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: In this cohort study, individual-level data on 32 583 laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases reported between December 8, 2019, and March 8, 2020, were extracted from the municipal Notifiable Disease Report System, including patients' age, sex, residential location, occupation, and severity classification. EXPOSURES: Nonpharmaceutical public health interventions including cordons sanitaire, traffic restriction, social distancing, home confinement, centralized quarantine, and universal symptom survey. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Rates of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 infections (defined as the number of cases per day per million people), across age, sex, and geographic locations were calculated across 5 periods: December 8 to January 9 (no intervention), January 10 to 22 (massive human movement due to the Chinese New Year holiday), January 23 to February 1 (cordons sanitaire, traffic restriction and home quarantine), February 2 to 16 (centralized quarantine and treatment), and February 17 to March 8 (universal symptom survey). The effective reproduction number of SARS-CoV-2 (an indicator of secondary transmission) was also calculated over the periods. RESULTS: Among 32 583 laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases, the median patient age was 56.7 years (range, 0-103; interquartile range, 43.4-66.8) and 16 817 (51.6%) were women. The daily confirmed case rate peaked in the third period and declined afterward across geographic regions and sex and age groups, except for children and adolescents, whose rate of confirmed cases continued to increase. The daily confirmed case rate over the whole period in local health care workers (130.5 per million people [95% CI, 123.9-137.2]) was higher than that in the general population (41.5 per million people [95% CI, 41.0-41.9]). The proportion of severe and critical cases decreased from 53.1% to 10.3% over the 5 periods. The severity risk increased with age: compared with those aged 20 to 39 years (proportion of severe and critical cases, 12.1%), elderly people (≥80 years) had a higher risk of having severe or critical disease (proportion, 41.3%; risk ratio, 3.61 [95% CI, 3.31-3.95]) while younger people (<20 years) had a lower risk (proportion, 4.1%; risk ratio, 0.47 [95% CI, 0.31-0.70]). The effective reproduction number fluctuated above 3.0 before January 26, decreased to below 1.0 after February 6, and decreased further to less than 0.3 after March 1. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: A series of multifaceted public health interventions was temporally associated with improved control of the COVID-19 outbreak in Wuhan, China. These findings may inform public health policy in other countries and regions.
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.6130
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Protecting Labor and Delivery Personnel from COVID-19 during the Second Stage of Labor
AU  - Palatnik, Anna
AU  - McIntosh, Jennifer J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - · Second stage of labor exposes providers to aerosol.. · COVID-19 risk during second stage of labor is high.. · N95 should be used during second stage of labor.. The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is spreading fast and is affecting the clinical workers at much higher risk than the general population. Little is known about COVID-19 effect on pregnant women; however, the emerging evidence suggests they may be at high risk of asymptomatic disease. In light of projected shortage of personal protective equipment (PPE), there is an aggressive attempt at conservation. In obstetrics, the guidelines on PPE use are controversial and differ among hospitals, globally, as well as nationally. The centers for disease control and prevention (CDC) recommend using N95 respirators, which are respirators that offer a higher level of protection instead of a facemask for when performing or present for an aerosol-generating procedures (AGP). However, the second stage of labor is not considered an AGP. The second stage of labor can last up to 4 hours. During that time, labor and delivery personnel is in close contact to patients, who are exerting extreme effort during and frequently blow out their breath, cough, shout, and vomit, all of which put the health care team at risk, considering that COVID-19 transmission occurs through aerosol generated by coughing and sneezing. The CDC and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) do not provide clarification on the use of N95 during the second stage. We recommend that labor and delivery personnel have the utmost caution and be granted the protection they need to protect themselves and other patients. This includes providing labor and delivery personnel full PPE including N95 for the second stage of labor. This is critical to ensure the adequate protection for health care workers and to prevent spread to other health care workers and patients.
JO  - American journal of perinatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1055/s-0040-1709689
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Should anti-diabetic medications be reconsidered amid COVID-19 pandemic?
AU  - Pal, Rimesh
AU  - Bhadada, Sanjay K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 108146-108146
SP  - 108146
EP  - 108146
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108146
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016882272030396X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Reply to: “Skin damage among healthcare workers managing coronavirus disease-2019”
AU  - Oranges, Teresa
AU  - Janowska, Agata
AU  - Dini, Valentina
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2020.04.003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0190962220305429
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Ongoing Lessons During the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Ong, Chong Yau
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American College of Surgeons
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2020.04.005
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preventive measures and management of COVID-19 in pregnancy
AU  - Omer, Sumaira
AU  - Ali, Salamat
AU  - Babar, Zaheer ud Din
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Drugs & Therapy Perspectives
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s40267-020-00725-x
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s40267-020-00725-x
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Anosmia in a healthcare worker with COVID-19 in Madrid, Spain
AU  - Ollarves-Carrero, Maria Fernanda
AU  - Rodriguez-Morales, Andrea G.
AU  - Bonilla-Aldana, D. Katterine
AU  - Rodriguez-Morales, Alfonso J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101666-101666
SP  - 101666
EP  - 101666
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101666
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893920301344
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Optimizing Teledermatology Visits for Dermatology Resident Education During the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Oldenburg, Reid
AU  - Marsch, Amanda
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2020.03.097
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S019096222030520X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2-Specific Antibody Responses in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients
AU  - Okba, Nisreen M. A.
AU  - Müller, Marcel A.
AU  - Li, Wentao
AU  - Wang, Chunyan
AU  - GeurtsvanKessel, Corine H.
AU  - Corman, Victor M.
AU  - Lamers, Mart M.
AU  - Sikkema, Reina S.
AU  - de Bruin, Erwin
AU  - Chandler, Felicity D.
AU  - Yazdanpanah, Yazdan
AU  - Le Hingrat, Quentin
AU  - Descamps, Diane
AU  - Houhou-Fidouh, Nadhira
AU  - Reusken, Chantal B. E. M.
AU  - Bosch, Berend-Jan
AU  - Drosten, Christian
AU  - Koopmans, Marion P. G.
AU  - Haagmans, Bart L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A new coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has recently emerged to cause a human pandemic. Although molecular diagnostic tests were rapidly developed, serologic assays are still lacking, yet urgently needed. Validated serologic assays are needed for contact tracing, identifying the viral reservoir, and epidemiologic studies. We developed serologic assays for detection of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing, spike protein-specific, and nucleocapsid-specific antibodies. Using serum samples from patients with PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections, other coronaviruses, or other respiratory pathogenic infections, we validated and tested various antigens in different in-house and commercial ELISAs. We demonstrated that most PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2-infected persons seroconverted by 2 weeks after disease onset. We found that commercial S1 IgG or IgA ELISAs were of lower specificity, and sensitivity varied between the 2 assays; the IgA ELISA showed higher sensitivity. Overall, the validated assays described can be instrumental for detection of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies for diagnostic, seroepidemiologic, and vaccine evaluation studies.
JO  - Emerging infectious diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 26
IS  - 7
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3201/eid2607.200841
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32267220
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Assessing nitrogen dioxide (NO2) levels as a contributing factor to the coronavirus (COVID-19) fatality rate
AU  - Ogen, Yaron
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is an ambient trace-gas as a result of both natural and anthropogenic processes. Long-term exposure to NO2 may cause a wide spectrum of severe health problems such as hypertension, diabetes, heart and cardiovascular diseases and even death. The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between long-term exposure to NO2 and fatality caused by the coronavirus. The Sentinel-5P is used for mapping the tropospheric NO2 distribution and the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis for evaluating the atmospheric capability to disperse the pollution. The spatial analysis has been conducted on a regional scale and combined with the number of death cases taken from 66 administrative regions in Italy, Spain, France and Germany. Results show that out of the 4443 fatality cases, 3487 (78%) were in five regions located in north Italy and central Spain. Additionally, the same five regions show the highest NO2 concentrations combined with downwards airflow which prevent an efficient dispersion of air pollution. These results indicate that the long-term exposure to this pollutant may be one of the most important contributors to fatality caused by the COVID-19 in these regions and maybe across the whole world.
JO  - Science of The Total Environment
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 138605-138605
SP  - 138605
EP  - 138605
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138605
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969720321215
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Is Sub-Saharan Africa prepared for COVID-19?
AU  - Nuwagira, Edwin
AU  - Muzoora, Conrad
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is the latest virus to cause global health panic. Due to the rapidly escalating numbers of new infections outside China, COVID-19 was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11, 2020, in a message delivered by Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, the WHO Director-General [1]. As of March 21, about 166 countries globally had recoded cases of the COVID-19 in only 4 months since its outbreak in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China [2, 3]. With the Antarctic continent unaffected, Africa, in particular Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), has recorded the least number of cases, despite the cited moderate-to-high risk of infection [4]. The biggest challenge is whether Sub-Saharan Africa is ready for this pandemic.
JO  - Tropical Medicine and Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 48
IS  - 1
PG  - 18-18
SP  - 18
EP  - 18
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s41182-020-00206-x
UR  - https://tropmedhealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s41182-020-00206-x
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Quarantine alone or in combination with other public health measures to control COVID-19: a rapid review
AU  - Nussbaumer-Streit, Barbara
AU  - Mayr, Verena
AU  - Dobrescu, Andreea Iulia
AU  - Chapman, Andrea
AU  - Persad, Emma
AU  - Klerings, Irma
AU  - Wagner, Gernot
AU  - Siebert, Uwe
AU  - Christof, Claudia
AU  - Zachariah, Casey
AU  - Gartlehner, Gerald
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a rapidly emerging disease that has been classified a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). To support WHO with their recommendations on quarantine, we conducted a rapid review on the effectiveness of quarantine during severe coronavirus outbreaks. OBJECTIVES We conducted a rapid review to assess the effects of quarantine (alone or in combination with other measures) of individuals who had contact with confirmed cases of COVID-19, who travelled from countries with a declared outbreak, or who live in regions with high transmission of the disease. SEARCH METHODS An information specialist searched PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, WHO Global Index Medicus, Embase, and CINAHL on 12 February 2020 and updated the search on 12 March 2020. WHO provided records from daily searches in Chinese databases up to 16 March 2020. SELECTION CRITERIA Cohort studies, case-control-studies, case series, time series, interrupted time series, and mathematical modelling studies that assessed the effect of any type of quarantine to control COVID-19. We also included studies on SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) and MERS (Middle East respiratory syndrome) as indirect evidence for the current coronavirus outbreak. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors independently screened 30% of records; a single review author screened the remaining 70%. Two review authors screened all potentially relevant full-text publications independently. One review author extracted data and assessed evidence quality with GRADE and a second review author checked the assessment. We rated the certainty of evidence for the four primary outcomes: incidence, onward transmission, mortality, and resource use. MAIN RESULTS We included 29 studies; 10 modelling studies on COVID-19, four observational studies and 15 modelling studies on SARS and MERS. Because of the diverse methods of measurement and analysis across the outcomes of interest, we could not conduct a meta-analysis and conducted a narrative synthesis. Due to the type of evidence found for this review, GRADE rates the certainty of the evidence as low to very low. Modeling studies consistently reported a benefit of the simulated quarantine measures, for example, quarantine of people exposed to confirmed or suspected cases averted 44% to 81% incident cases and 31% to 63% of deaths compared to no measures based on different scenarios (incident cases: 4 modelling studies on COVID-19, SARS; mortality: 2 modelling studies on COVID-19, SARS, low-certainty evidence). Very low-certainty evidence suggests that the earlier quarantine measures are implemented, the greater the cost savings (2 modelling studies on SARS). Very low-certainty evidence indicated that the effect of quarantine of travellers from a country with a declared outbreak on reducing incidence and deaths was small (2 modelling studies on SARS). When the models combined quarantine with other prevention and control measures, including school closures, travel restrictions and social distancing, the models demonstrated a larger effect on the reduction of new cases, transmissions and deaths than individual measures alone (incident cases: 4 modelling studies on COVID-19; onward transmission: 2 modelling studies on COVID-19; mortality: 2 modelling studies on COVID-19; low-certainty evidence). Studies on SARS and MERS were consistent with findings from the studies on COVID-19. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Current evidence for COVID-19 is limited to modelling studies that make parameter assumptions based on the current, fragmented knowledge. Findings consistently indicate that quarantine is important in reducing incidence and mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic. Early implementation of quarantine and combining quarantine with other public health measures is important to ensure effectiveness. In order to maintain the best possible balance of measures, decision makers must constantly monitor the outbreak situation and the impact of the measures implemented. Testing in representative samples in different settings co ld help assess the true prevalence of infection, and would reduce uncertainty of modelling assumptions. This review was commissioned by WHO and supported by Danube-University-Krems.
JO  - The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 4
IS  - 
PG  - CD013574-CD013574
SP  - CD013574
EP  - CD013574
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/14651858.CD013574
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32267544
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Navigating Nonessential Research Trials During COVID19: The Push We Needed For Using Digital Technology To Increase Access For Rural Participants?
AU  - Noonan, Devon
AU  - Simmons, Leigh Ann
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of Rural Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jrh.12446
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jrh.12446
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Concise Communication: Covid-19 and the N95 Respirator Shortage: Closing the Gap
AU  - Nogee, Daniel
AU  - Tomassoni, Anthony
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Due to extreme shortages of personal protective equipment caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, many healthcare workers will be forced to recycle protective masks intended for disposal after a single use. We propose investigating the use of ultraviolet germicidal irradiation to sterilize masks of SARS-CoV-2 for safer re-use.
JO  - Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/ice.2020.124
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/concise-communication-covid19-and-the-n95-respirator-shortage-closing-the-gap/00C6F711245BED3BC1E791E12F724C4D
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Gastrointestinal Symptoms and COVID-19: Case-Control Study from the United States
AU  - Nobel, Yael R.
AU  - Phipps, Meaghan
AU  - Zucker, Jason
AU  - Lebwohl, Benjamin
AU  - Wang, Timothy C.
AU  - Sobieszczyk, Magdalena E.
AU  - Freedberg, Daniel E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Gastroenterology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2020.04.017
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S001650852030490X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical Characteristics of Older Patients Infected with COVID-19: A Descriptive Study
AU  - Niu, Shengmei
AU  - Tian, Sijia
AU  - Lou, Jing
AU  - Kang, Xuqin
AU  - Zhang, Luxi
AU  - Lian, Huixin
AU  - Zhang, Jinjun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objectives Since the outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19), which has spread in the world rapidly. Population have a susceptibility to COVID-19, older people were more susceptible to have a variety diseases than younger, including COVID-19 infection with no doubt. This study focused on older patients with COVID-19 infection and analyzed the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of them. Methods We collected information on confirmed older patient transferred by Beijing Emergency Medical Service (EMS) to the designated hospitals from Jan 20 to Feb 29, 2020. The information including demographic, epidemiological, clinical, classification of severity and outcomes. All cases were categorized into three groups and compared the difference between aged 50-64 years, 65-79 years and older than 80 years. Results 56.7% of elderly confirmed patients were male, fever (78.3%), cough (56.7%), dyspnea (30.0%), and fatigue (23.3%) were common symptoms of COVID-19 infection. Classification of severity has statistically significant differences between the three groups, compared with middle-aged patients and aged 65-79 years group, older than 80 years group had significant statistical differences in contacted to symptomatic case in 14 days. As of Feb 29, 38.3% patients had discharged and 53.3% patients remained in hospital in our study, the fatality of COVID-19 infection in elderly was 8.3%. Conclusions The COVID-19 infection is generally susceptible with a relatively high fatality rate in older patients, we should pay more attention to the elderly patients with COVID-19 infection.
JO  - Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 104058-104058
SP  - 104058
EP  - 104058
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2020.104058
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167494320300522
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) Infection in A Renal Transplant Recipient: Case Report
AU  - Ning, Ling
AU  - Liu, Lei
AU  - Li, Wenyuan
AU  - Liu, Hongtao
AU  - Wang, Jizhou
AU  - Yao, Ziqin
AU  - Zhang, Shengyu
AU  - Zhao, Desheng
AU  - Nashan, Björn
AU  - Shen, Aizong
AU  - Liu, Lianxin
AU  - Li, Lei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - An ongoing outbreak of pneumonia associated with the severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) started in Wuhan, China, with cases now confirmed in multiple countries. The clinical course of patients remains to be fully characterized, clinical presentation ranges from asymptomatic infection to acute respiratory distress syndrome and acute renal failure，no pharmacological therapies of proven efficacy yet exist. We report a case of SARS-CoV-2 infection in a renal transplant recipient with excellent outcome. This case states the importance of close monitoring of the concentration of ciclosporin in patients treated with lopinavir/ritonavir, routine treatment of corticosteroid can be continued. This is a rare report of SARS-CoV-2 infection in a renal transplant recipient. Further data are needed to achieve better understanding of the impact of immunosuppressive therapy on the clinical presentation, severity and outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infections in solid organ transplant recipients.
JO  - American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/ajt.15897
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 in older adults: what we may expect regarding pathogenesis, immune responses, and outcomes
AU  - Nikolich-Zugich, Janko
AU  - Knox, Kenneth S.
AU  - Rios, Carlos Tafich
AU  - Natt, Bhupinder
AU  - Bhattacharya, Deepta
AU  - Fain, Mindy J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - SARS-CoV-2 virus, the causative agent of the coronavirus infectious disease-19 (COVID-19), is taking the globe by storm, approaching 500,000 confirmed cases and over 21,000 deaths as of March 25, 2020. While under control in some affected Asian countries (Taiwan, Singapore, Vietnam), the virus demonstrated an exponential phase of infectivity in several large countries (China in late January and February and many European countries and the USA in March), with cases exploding by 30-50,000/day in the third and fourth weeks of March, 2020. SARS-CoV-2 has proven to be particularly deadly to older adults and those with certain underlying medical conditions, many of whom are of advanced age. Here, we briefly review the virus, its structure and evolution, epidemiology and pathogenesis, immunogenicity and immune, and clinical response in older adults, using available knowledge on SARS-CoV-2 and its highly pathogenic relatives MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-1. We conclude by discussing clinical and basic science approaches to protect older adults against this disease.
JO  - GeroScience
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-10
SP  - 1
EP  - 10
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11357-020-00186-0
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32274617
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Evidence Based Management Guideline for the COVID-19 Pandemic - Review article
AU  - Nicola, Maria
AU  - O’Neill, Niamh
AU  - Sohrabi, Catrin
AU  - Khan, Mehdi
AU  - Agha, Maliha
AU  - Agha, Riaz
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - ABSTRACT COVID-19 has now been declared a pandemic. To date, COVID-19 has affected over 944,181 people worldwide, resulting in over 47,312 reported deaths. Numerous preventative strategies and non-pharmaceutical interventions have been employed to mitigate the spread of disease including careful infection control, the isolation of patients, and social distancing. Management is predominantly focused on the provision of supportive care, with oxygen therapy representing the major treatment intervention. Medical therapy involving corticosteroids and antivirals have also been encouraged as part of critical management schemes. However, there is at present no specific antiviral recommended for the treatment of COVID-19, and no vaccine is currently available. Despite the strategic implementation of these measures, the number of new reported cases continues to rise at a profoundly alarming rate. As new findings emerge, there is an urgent need for up-to-date management guidelines. In response to this call, we review what is currently known regarding the management of COVID-19, and offer an evidence-based review of current practice.
JO  - International Journal of Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1743919120302843
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - "What Were You Before the War?" Repurposing Psychiatry During the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Nicol, Ginger E.
AU  - Karp, Jordan F.
AU  - Reiersen, Angela M.
AU  - Zorumski, Charles F.
AU  - Lenze, Eric J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of clinical psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 81
IS  - 3
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4088/JCP.20com13373
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Specific Considerations for the Protection of Patients and Echocardiography Service Providers When Performing Perioperative or Periprocedural Transesophageal Echocardiography During the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Outbreak: Council on Perioperative Echocardiog
AU  - Nicoara, Alina
AU  - Maldonado, Yasdet
AU  - Kort, Smadar
AU  - Swaminathan, Madhav
AU  - Mackensen, G. Burkhard
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Notice and Disclaimer This statement reflects recommendations based on expert opinion, national guidelines, and available evidence. Our knowledge with regard to COVID-19 continues to evolve, as do our institutional protocols for dealing with invasive and non-invasive procedures and practice of personal protective equipment. Readers are urged to follow national guidelines and their institutional recommendations regarding best practices to protect their patients and themselves. These reports are made available by ASE as a courtesy reference source for its members. The reports contain recommendations only and should not be used as the sole basis to make medical practice decisions or for disciplinary action against any employee. The statements and recommendations contained in these reports are primarily based on the opinions of experts, rather than on scientifically-verified data. ASE makes no express or implied warranties regarding the completeness or accuracy of the information in these reports, including the warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. In no event shall ASE be liable to you, your patients, or any other third parties for any decision made or action taken by you or such other parties in reliance on this information. Nor does your use of this information constitute the offering of medical advice by ASE or create any physician-patient relationship between ASE and your patients or anyone else.
JO  - Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.echo.2020.04.008
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0894731720302194
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The largest epicenter of the coronavirus outbreak in Vietnam
AU  - Nguyen, Trang H. D.
AU  - Vu, Danh C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - There are three patterns of the transmission occurring in the hospital: 1) between healthcare workers (HCW), 2) from COVID-19 patients to HCW, and 3) from non-clinical hospital staff to the others. Figure 1 illustrates a timeline of the spread of COVID-19 within the hospital, tracing from the first confirmed case on March 20 to the most recent case on March 30. The first positive case was a medical worker (P87), who was in close contact with a COVID-19 infected nurse (P86) [2]. Except the two infected cases P86 and P28 who contracted the coronavirus from the outside, no HCW, non-COVID-19 inpatients and visitors had tested positive for the coronavirus. And since March 28, the COVID-19 infections among non-clinical staff have emerged, and subsequently a total of 21 out of the 32 (65%) infected cases were non-clinical staff working in the dining hall of the hospital. As the catering workers were responsible for preparing meals, delivering food and hot water to patients and visitors daily over the hospital, it is likely that the non-clinical staff is the main contributor to the disease spread. Healthcare associated infection has previously been known as a characteristic of coronavirus-related diseases and a leading route for spread [3].
JO  - Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-5
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/ice.2020.128
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/largest-epicenter-of-the-coronavirus-outbreak-in-vietnam/9E34D15D61B9DEE828F80E77078955B9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A cut above COVID-19- surgical perspectives from a public health institution in Singapore during a coronavirus epidemic
AU  - Ng Shan Hua, Aven
AU  - Chew, Min Hoe
AU  - Charn, Tze Choong
AU  - Wong, Merng Koon
AU  - Wong, Wai Keong
AU  - Lee, Lui Shiong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - ANZ journal of surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/ans.15904
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and the gastrointestinal tract: more than meets the eye
AU  - Ng, Siew C.
AU  - Tilg, Herbert
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Gut
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-321195
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and risks to the supply and quality of tests, drugs, and vaccines
AU  - Newton, Paul N.
AU  - Bond, Katherine C.
AU  - Adeyeye, Moji
AU  - Antignac, Marie
AU  - Ashenef, Ayenew
AU  - Awab, Ghulam Rahim
AU  - Babar, Zahir-Ud-Din
AU  - Bannenberg, Wilbert J.
AU  - Bower, Jason
AU  - Breman, Joel
AU  - Brock, Aleshia
AU  - Caillet, Céline
AU  - Coyne, Philip
AU  - Day, Nicholas
AU  - Deats, Michael
AU  - Douidy, Kawtar
AU  - Doyle, Kim
AU  - Dujardin, Catherine
AU  - Ejekam, Chioma S.
AU  - Fernandez, Facundo
AU  - Freifeld, Clark
AU  - Gill, Marie
AU  - Guerin, Philippe J.
AU  - Harigwo, Georgina
AU  - Heide, Lutz
AU  - Horby, Peter
AU  - Kaur, Harparkash
AU  - Kayumba, Pierre Claver
AU  - Kazuko, Kimura
AU  - Kelly, Cassandra
AU  - Khuluza, Felix
AU  - Kigera, Stephen
AU  - Lalani, Mirza
AU  - Lamy, Marie
AU  - Lieberman, Marya
AU  - Lumpkin, Murray
AU  - Mackey, Tim
AU  - Naughton, Bernard
AU  - Nguyen, Philip
AU  - Ollario, Piero
AU  - Ozawa, Sachiko
AU  - Patel, Anushka
AU  - Phanouvong, Souly
AU  - Pisani, Elizabeth
AU  - Rago, Lembit
AU  - Rahman, Mohammad Sofiqur
AU  - Ranjit, Eurek
AU  - Ravinetto, Raffaella
AU  - Richmond, David
AU  - Singh-Phulgenda, Sauman
AU  - Venema, Jaap
AU  - Vogt, Andrea
AU  - White, Nicholas
AU  - Wirtz, Veronika
AU  - Zaman, Muhammad
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Emergency efforts are underway to find optimum medical products to prevent infection and diagnose and treat patients during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Production and supply chains for COVID-19 candidate drugs (such as chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine), and for many other essential medical products, are being impaired by this crisis.1 Supply chains for vital drugs for other diseases (such as systemic lupus erythematosus) are being disrupted because they are being repurposed to use against COVID-19, without adequate supporting evidence.
JO  - The Lancet Global Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30136-4
UR  - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2214109X20301364
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Apps for a crisis
AU  - Newitz, Annalee
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The new coronavirus has many of us stuck at home. The result could fundamentally reshape how we use the internet, writes Annalee Newitz
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 246
IS  - 3277
PG  - 22-22
SP  - 22
EP  - 22
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30722-3
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920307223
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - WHEN BASIC SUPPLIES ARE MISSING, WHAT TO DO? SPECIFIC DEMANDS OF THE LOCAL STREET POPULATION IN TIMES OF CORONAVIRUS – A CONCERN OF SOCIAL PSYCHIATRY
AU  - Neto, Modesto Leite Rolim
AU  - de Souza, Ricardo Inácio
AU  - Quezado, Rosa Magda Martins
AU  - Mendonça, Elayne Cristina Santos
AU  - de Araújo, Tallys Iury
AU  - Luz, Dayse Christina Rodrigues Pereira
AU  - de Santana, Willma José
AU  - Sampaio, Juliana Ribeiro Francelino
AU  - Carvalho, Poliana Moreira de Medeiros
AU  - Arrais, Tereza Maria Siqueira Nascimento
AU  - Landim, José Marcondes Macedo
AU  - da Silva, Claúdio Gleideston Lima
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background : Homeless experts and some federal housing officials are sounding the alarm that the patchwork of government efforts to address the coronavirus outbreak risks leaving out one group of acutely vulnerable people: the homeless. In terms of isolation, it is too unclear what that looks like if you normally sleep on the streets. In this tough moment, when people should be turned away, not only it feels inhumane, but it is also a big public health risk, because where are they going to go? Method : The studies were identified using large-sized newspapers with international circulation. Results : With more cities suspecting community transmission of the novel coronavirus, people who sleep in shelters or hunker down outside already have a lower life expectancy and often have underlying health conditions that put them at greater risk if they develop COVID-19 (Global News, 2020). These people face lack of sleep, malnutrition, and “extreme stress levels just to meet their daily needs”, all of which weakens the immune system. Along with mental illness or substance abuse disorders, they are “incredibly vulnerable to this virus”. Conclusions : Health organizations are well aware of the risks involved in mental health. A large population of homeless people experience their pain and psychological distress intermittently. For low-income patients, the various borderline situations related to health/illness involve growing expectations regarding the basic needs. This is a serious concern when linked to the pandemic.
JO  - Psychiatry Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 112939-112939
SP  - 112939
EP  - 112939
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112939
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165178120306119
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - When health professionals look death in the eye: the mental health of professionals who deal daily with the 2019 coronavirus outbreak
AU  - Neto, Modesto Leite Rolim
AU  - Almeida, Hiure Gomes
AU  - Esmeraldo, Joana D'arc
AU  - Nobre, Camila Bezerra
AU  - Pinheiro, Woneska Rodrigues
AU  - de Oliveira, Cícera Rejane Tavares
AU  - Sousa, Itamara da Costa
AU  - Lima, Onélia Maria Moreira Leite
AU  - Lima, Nádia Nara Rolim
AU  - Moreira, Marcial Moreno
AU  - Lima, Carlos Kennedy Tavares
AU  - Júnior, Jucier Gonçalves
AU  - da Silva, Claúdio Gleideston Lima
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background : The fact that COVID-19 is transmissible from human to human and associated with high morbidity and potentially fatality can intensify the perception of personal danger. In addition, the foreseeable shortage of supplies and an increasing flow of suspected and real cases of COVID-19 contribute to the pressures and concerns of health professionals. Method : The studies were identified in well-known international journals found in two electronic databases: Scopus and Embase. The data were cross-checked with information from the main international newspapers. Results : Work-related stress is a potential cause of concern for health professionals. It has been associated with anxiety including multiple clinical activities, depression in the face of the coexistence of countless deaths, long work shifts with the most diverse unknowns and demands in the treatment with patients with COVID-19. Therefore, it is an important indicator of psychic exhaustion. Conclusions : As coronavirus cases increase and deaths surge in Italy, new figures show an "enormous" level of contagion among the country's medical personnel. At least 2,629 health workers have been infected with coronavirus since the outbreak onset in February, representing 8.3% of total cases. The percentage of infected health workers has almost doubled the number registered in China throughout the epidemic. Intensive care unit physicians are on their stress limit, especially when dealing with older patients and with death prospects. Doctors, not a relative, are inevitably the last people a dying COVID-19 patient will see.
JO  - Psychiatry Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 112972-112972
SP  - 112972
EP  - 112972
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112972
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165178120306697
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Lack of protective gear disrupts oncology care
AU  - Nelson, Roxanne
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A recent crowdfunding campaign caught the attention of Scottish actor James McAvoy, who was inspired to donate £275 000 to the campaign. Coined Masks for NHS Heroes, the physician-led initiative is raising money to increase the amount of certified one face masks, visors, surgical gowns, and gloves that are available to health-care workers caring for patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
JO  - The Lancet Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30223-0
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470204520302230
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Medico-psychological aspects relating to the coronavirus epidemic (Covid-19): The contribution of the theory of signal detection and the concept of place of control
AU  - Naviaux, A. F.
AU  - Janne, P.
AU  - Gourdin, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annales Medico-Psychologiques
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 178
IS  - 3
PG  - 223-225
SP  - 223
EP  - 225
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.amp.2020.03.001
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005434253 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amp.2020.03.001
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Staying in A Burning House: Perks and Perils of A Hotline in The Times of COVID-19
AU  - Navarrete-Reyes, Ana Patricia
AU  - Avila-Funes, José Alberto
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jgs.16479
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - No Title
AU  - Nau, Jean-Yves
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Revue medicale suisse TT - Covid-19, dans les brouillards francais de lhydroxychloroquine.
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 16
IS  - 689
PG  - 704-705
SP  - 704
EP  - 705
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Science in the time of COVID-19
AU  - Nature, Structural
AU  - Molecular, Biology
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature Structural & Molecular Biology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 27
IS  - 4
PG  - 307-307
SP  - 307
EP  - 307
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41594-020-0423-7
UR  - http://www.nature.com/articles/s41594-020-0423-7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A British Society of Thoracic Imaging statement: considerations in designing local imaging diagnostic algorithms for the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Nair, A.
AU  - Rodrigues, J. C. L.
AU  - Hare, S.
AU  - Edey, A.
AU  - Devaraj, A.
AU  - Jacob, J.
AU  - Johnstone, A.
AU  - McStay, R.
AU  - Denton, E.
AU  - Robinson, G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 75
IS  - 5
PG  - 329-334
SP  - 329
EP  - 334
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.crad.2020.03.008
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005470067 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.crad.2020.03.008
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - May/June 2020 Forum
AU  - Nahlen, Dr Dawn
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Air Medical Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amj.2020.04.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1067991X20300730
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronaphobia and Chronophobia – A Psychiatric Perspective
AU  - Naguy, Ahmed
AU  - Moodliar-Rensburg, Seshni
AU  - Alamiri, Bibi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Asian Journal of Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 102050-102050
SP  - 102050
EP  - 102050
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102050
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876201820301611
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Flattening the Curve by Getting Ahead of It: How the VA Healthcare System Is Leveraging Telehealth to Provide Continued Access to Care for Rural Veterans
AU  - Myers, Ursula S.
AU  - Birks, Anna
AU  - Grubaugh, Anouk L.
AU  - Axon, R. Neal
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of Rural Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jrh.12449
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jrh.12449
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Audiological profile of asymptomatic Covid-19 PCR-positive cases
AU  - Mustafa, M. W. M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective The current study compared the amplitude of transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAEs) and latencies of vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs) between asymptomatic COVID-19 PCR-positive cases and normal non-infected subjects. Methods Twenty cases who were confirmed positive for COVID-19 and had none of the known symptoms for this viral infection formed the test group for 2 full weeks. Their age ranged between 20 and 50 years to avoid any age-related hearing affection. Patients who had definite symptoms of COVID-19 infection as well as those who had a history of hearing loss or a history of any known cause of hearing loss were excluded from the examined sample. TEOAEs amplitude was measured for all participants. Results The high frequency pure-tone thresholds as well as the TEOAE amplitudes were significantly worse in the test group. Conclusions COVID-19 infection could have deleterious effects on cochlear hair cell functions despite being asymptomatic. The mechanism of these effects requires further research.
JO  - American Journal of Otolaryngology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 102483-102483
SP  - 102483
EP  - 102483
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjoto.2020.102483
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0196070920301654
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Reply to: “Biologics for psoriasis during COVID-19 outbreak”
AU  - Murrell, Dedee F.
AU  - Rivera-Oyola, Ryan
AU  - Lebwohl, Mark
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2020.04.014
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0190962220305545
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Frequency of diarrhea in novel coronavirus 2019 infection
AU  - Mungmunpuntipantip, R.
AU  - Wiwanitkit, V.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Gastroenterology and Hepatology from Bed to Bench
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 13
IS  - 2
PG  - 180
SP  - 180
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.22037/ghfbb.v13i2.1912
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005478318 http://dx.doi.org/10.22037/ghfbb.v13i2.1912
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 brings drug development to a halt
AU  - Mullard, Asher
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature reviews. Drug discovery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41573-020-00069-1
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coordinating the COVID-19 pipeline
AU  - Mullard, Asher
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature reviews. Drug discovery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41573-020-00068-2
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preparedness and proactive infection control measures of Pakistan during COVID-19 pandemic outbreak
AU  - Mukhtar, Sonia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2020.04.011
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1551741120303739
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mental health and emotional impact of COVID-19: Applying Health Belief Model for medical staff to general public of Pakistan
AU  - Mukhtar, Sonia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Brain, Behavior, and Immunity
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.012
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0889159120304633
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Genotype and phenotype of COVID-19: Their roles in pathogenesis
AU  - Mousavizadeh, L.
AU  - Ghasemi, S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 is a novel coronavirus with an outbreak of unusual viral pneumonia in Wuhan, China, and then pandemic. Based on its phylogenetic relationships and genomic structures the COVID-19 belongs to genera Betacoronavirus. Human Betacoronaviruses (SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV) have many similarities, but also have differences in their genomic and phenotypic structure that can influence their pathogenesis. COVID-19 is containing single-stranded (positive-sense) RNA associated with a nucleoprotein within a capsid comprised of matrix protein. A typical CoV contains at least six ORFs in its genome. All the structural and accessory proteins are translated from the sgRNAs of CoVs. Four main structural proteins are encoded by ORFs 10, 11 on the one-third of the genome near the 3′-terminus. The genetic and phenotypic structure of COVID-19 in pathogenesis is important. This article highlights the most important of these features compared to other Betacoronaviruses.
JO  - Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jmii.2020.03.022
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005485595 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2020.03.022
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Policies and Guidelines for COVID-19 Preparedness: Experiences from the University of Washington
AU  - Mossa-Basha, Mahmud
AU  - Medverd, Jonathan
AU  - Linnau, Kenneth
AU  - Lynch, John B.
AU  - Wener, Mark H.
AU  - Kicska, Gregory
AU  - Staiger, Thomas
AU  - Sahani, Dushyant
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic initially presented in the United States in the greater Seattle area, and has rapidly progressed across the nation in the past 2 months, with the United States having the highest number of cases in the world. Radiology departments play a critical role in policy and guideline development both for the department and for the institutions, specifically in planning diagnostic screening, triage, and management of patients. In addition, radiology workflows, volumes and access must be optimized in preparation for the expected COVID-19 patient surges. This article discusses the processes that have been implemented at the University of Washington in managing the COVID-19 pandemic as well in preparing for patient surges, which may provide important guidance for other radiology departments who are in the early stages of preparation and management.
JO  - Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 201326-201326
SP  - 201326
EP  - 201326
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1148/radiol.2020201326
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Diagnosis of Asymptomatic COVID-19 Infection in a Patient Referred for CT Lung Biopsy
AU  - Morris, Michael F.
AU  - Goettel, Christopher
AU  - Mendenhall, Cole
AU  - Chen, Steve
AU  - Hirsch, Kevin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvir.2020.04.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1051044320303420
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Resource Allocation and Decision Making for Pediatric and Congenital Cardiac Catheterization During the Novel Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Pandemic: A U.S. Multi-Institutional Perspective
AU  - Morray, Brian H.
AU  - Gordon, Brent M.
AU  - Crystal, Matthew A.
AU  - Goldstein, Bryan H.
AU  - Qureshi, Athar M.
AU  - Torres, Alejandro J.
AU  - Epstein, Shilpi M.
AU  - Crittendon, Ivory
AU  - Ing, Frank F.
AU  - Sathanandam, Shyam K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has placed severe stress on healthcare systems around the world. There is limited information on current practices in pediatric cardiac catheterization laboratories in the United States (US). OBJECTIVES To describe current practice patterns and make recommendations regarding potential resource allocation for congenital cardiac catheterization during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS A web-based survey was distributed regarding case candidacy and catheterization laboratory preparedness. Centers were categorized based on the current degree of disease burden in that community (as of April 1, 2020). Data and consensus opinion were utilized to develop recommendations. RESULTS Respondents belonged to 56 unique US centers, with 27 (48.2%) located in counties with a high number of COVID-19 cases. All centers have canceled elective procedures. There was relative uniformity (>88% agreement) among centers as to which procedures were considered elective. To date, only three centers have performed a catheterization on a confirmed COVID-19 positive patient. Centers located in areas with a higher number of COVID-9 cases have been more involved in a simulation of donning and doffing personal protective equipment (PPE) than low-prevalence centers (46.7% vs 10.3%, respectively; P<.001). Currently, only a small fraction of operators has been reassigned to provide clinical services outside their scope of practice. CONCLUSIONS At this stage in the COVID-19 pandemic, pediatric/congenital catheterization laboratories have dramatically reduced case volumes. This document serves to define current patterns and provides guidance and recommendations on the preservation and repurposing of resources to help pediatric cardiac programs develop strategies for patient care during this unprecedented crisis.
JO  - The Journal of invasive cardiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32269177
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 2019-novel coronavirus survey: knowledge and attitudes of hospital staff of a large Italian teaching hospital
AU  - Moro, Matteo
AU  - Vigezzi, Giacomo Pietro
AU  - Capraro, Michele
AU  - Biancardi, Anna
AU  - Nizzero, Paola
AU  - Signorelli, Carlo
AU  - Odone, Anna
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - One week after the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak a global health emergency we conducted a survey to explore knowledge and attitudes on 2019-nCoV, recently renamed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), in a large cohort of hospital staff. A representative sample of 2,046 hospital staff of a large university hospital in northern Italy (54% healthcare workers and 46% administrative staff, overall response rate: 25%) was administered an online questionnaire: overall there is good knowledge on 2019-nCoV control measures. The mean of correct answers for questions on general aspects of 2019-nCoV epidemic was 71.6% for HCWs and 61.2% for non-HCWs. The mean of correct answers for questions on 2019-nCoV patient management was 57.8% among HCWs. Nevertheless, on recommended precautions, also among healthcare workers there is still much to do in order to promote effective control measures and correct preventive behaviours at the individual level.
JO  - Acta bio-medica : Atenei Parmensis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 91
IS  - 3-S
PG  - 29-34
SP  - 29
EP  - 34
AN  - 
DO  - 10.23750/abm.v91i3-S.9419
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Organ Donation During the Coronavirus Pandemic: An Evolving Saga in Uncharted Waters
AU  - Moris, Dimitrios
AU  - Shaw, Brian I.
AU  - Dimitrokallis, Nikolaos
AU  - Barbas, Andrew S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the cause of an ongoing pandemic of respiratory illness, known as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).[1] The risk of developing COVID-19 from a SARS-CoV-2 infected organ donor is unknown. Therefore, extreme caution is necessary when considering transplantation. Transmission is affected by epidemiological risk factors, incubation period, degree of viraemia, and viability of SARS-CoV-2 in blood and organ compartments. Recent guidelines from NHSBT[2] recommend that all potential donors be tested for SARS-CoV-2 and donation suspended from those who test positive. Donation is discouraged for asymptomatic individuals who have been in a COVID-19-affected area in the last 28 days.
JO  - Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/tri.13614
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in Italy: Dataset of the Italian Civil Protection Department
AU  - Morettini, Micaela
AU  - Sbrollini, Agnese
AU  - Marcantoni, Ilaria
AU  - Burattini, Laura
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The database here described contains data of integrated surveillance for the “coronavirus disease 2019” (abbreviated as COVID-19 by the World Health Organization) in Italy, caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. The database, included in a main folder called COVID-19, has been designed and created by the Italian Civil Protection Department, which currently manages it. The database consists of six folders called ‘aree’ (containing charts of geographical areas interested by containment measures), ‘dati-andamento-nazionale’ (containing data relating to the national trend of SARS-CoV-2 spread), ‘dati-json’ (containing data that summarize the national, provincial and regional trends of SARS-CoV-2 spread), ‘dati-province’ (containing data relating to the provincial trend of SARS-CoV-2 spread), ‘dati-regioni’ (containing data relating to the regional trend of SARS-CoV-2 spread) and ‘schede-riepilogative’ (containing summary sheets relating to the provincial and regional trends of SARS-CoV-2 spread). The Italian Civil Protection Department daily receives data by the Italian Ministry of Health, analyzes them and updates the database. Thus, the database is subject to daily updates and integrations. The database is freely accessible (CC-BY-4.0 license) at https://github.com/pcm-dpc/COVID-19. This database is useful to provide insight on the spread mechanism of SARS-CoV-2, to support organizations in the evaluation of the efficiency of current prevention and control measures, and to support governments in the future prevention decisions.
JO  - Data in Brief
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 105526-105526
SP  - 105526
EP  - 105526
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2020.105526
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352340920304200
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Guidance in an uncertain world
AU  - Moppett, Iain K.
AU  - Gardiner, Dale
AU  - Harvey, Daniel J. R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - British Journal of Anaesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bja.2020.04.003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0007091220302130
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Extubation barrier drape for highly infectious patients
AU  - Montoya, Miguel Patino
AU  - Chitilian, Hovig V.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - British Journal of Anaesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bja.2020.03.028
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0007091220302129
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preventing Suicide in Rural Communities During the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Monteith, Lindsey L.
AU  - Holliday, Ryan
AU  - Brown, Talia L.
AU  - Brenner, Lisa A.
AU  - Mohatt, Nathaniel V.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of Rural Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jrh.12448
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jrh.12448
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Urgent Considerations for the Neuro-oncologic Treatment of Patients with Gliomas During the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Mohile, Nimish A.
AU  - Blakeley, Jaishri O.
AU  - Gatson, Na Tosha N.
AU  - Hottinger, Andreas F.
AU  - Lassman, Andrew B.
AU  - Ney, Douglas E.
AU  - Olar, Adriana
AU  - Schiff, David
AU  - Shih, Helen A.
AU  - Strowd, Roy
AU  - van den Bent, Martin J.
AU  - Ziu, Mateo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>The COVID-19 outbreak is posing unprecedented risks and challenges for all communities and healthcare systems, worldwide. There are unique considerations for many adult patients with gliomas who are vulnerable to the novel coronavirus due to older age and immunosuppression. As patients with terminal illnesses, they present ethical challenges for centers that may need to ration access to ventilator care due to insufficient critical care capacity. It is urgent for the neuro-oncology community to develop a pro-active and coordinated approach to the care of adults with gliomas in order to provide them with the best possible oncologic care while also reducing their risk of viral infection during times of potential healthcare system failure. In this article, we present an approach developed by an international multi-disciplinary group to optimize the care of adults with gliomas during this pandemic. We recommend measures to promote strict social distancing and minimize exposures for patients, address risk and benefit of all therapeutic interventions, pro-actively develop end of life plans, educate patients and caregivers and ensure the health of the multi-disciplinary neuro-oncology workforce. This pandemic is already changing neuro-oncologic care delivery around the globe. It is important to highlight opportunities to maximize the benefit and minimize the risk of glioma management during this pandemic and potentially, in the future.</p>
JO  - Neuro-Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/neuonc/noaa090
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/neuro-oncology/advance-article/doi/10.1093/neuonc/noaa090/5818980
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus-19 Disease (COVID-19) and Decrease in Blood Donation: Experience of Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization (IBTO)
AU  - Mohammadi, Saeed
AU  - Tabatabaei Yazdi, Seyed Morteza
AU  - Eshghi, Peyman
AU  - Norooznezhad, Amir Hossein
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - According to the World Health Organization (00:00CET 19 March 2020), coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has invaded up to 150 countries/territories. With 17,361 confirmed cases and 1135 deaths, after China and Italy, Iran is the 3rd most affected country in the world and the first one in the Eastern Mediterranean Region [1].
JO  - Vox sanguinis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/vox.12930
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32270880
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The first case of COVID-19 infection in a 75-day-old infant in Jahrom City, south of Iran
AU  - Mogharab, Vahid
AU  - Pasha, Anahita Manafi Khajeh
AU  - Javdani, Frashid
AU  - Hatami, Naser
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the Formosan Medical Association
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfma.2020.03.015
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0929664620301078
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Specific Considerations for Sonographers When Performing Echocardiograms During the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Outbreak: Supplement to the American Society of Echocardiography Statement
AU  - Mitchell, Carol
AU  - Collins, Keith
AU  - Hua, Lanqi
AU  - McClanahan, Carlene
AU  - Shea, Elaine
AU  - Umland, Matthew
AU  - Wasserman, Melissa
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.echo.2020.04.014
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S089473172030225X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Rheumatologists' perspective on coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) and potential therapeutic targets
AU  - Misra, Durga Prasanna
AU  - Agarwal, Vikas
AU  - Gasparyan, Armen Yuri
AU  - Zimba, Olena
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The ongoing pandemic coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a matter of global concern. Environmental factors such as air pollution and smoking and comorbid conditions (hypertension, diabetes mellitus and underlying cardio-respiratory illness) likely increase the severity of COVID-19. Rheumatic manifestations such as arthralgias and arthritis may be prevalent in about a seventh of individuals. COVID-19 can result in acute interstitial pneumonia, myocarditis, leucopenia (with lymphopenia) and thrombocytopenia, also seen in rheumatic diseases like lupus and Sjogren's syndrome. Severe disease in a subset of patients may be driven by cytokine storm, possibly due to secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), akin to that in systemic onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis or adult-onset Still's disease. In the absence of high-quality evidence in this emerging disease, understanding of pathogenesis may help postulate potential therapies. Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) appears important for viral entry into pneumocytes; dysbalance in ACE2 as caused by ACE inhibitors or ibuprofen may predispose to severe disease. Preliminary evidence suggests potential benefit with chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine. Antiviral drugs like lopinavir/ritonavir, favipiravir and remdesivir are also being explored. Cytokine storm and secondary HLH might require heightened immunosuppressive regimens. Current international society recommendations suggest that patients with rheumatic diseases on immunosuppressive therapy should not stop glucocorticoids during COVID-19 infection, although minimum possible doses may be used. Disease-modifying drugs should be continued; cessation may be considered during infection episodes as per standard practices. Development of a vaccine may be the only effective long-term protection against this disease.Key Points• Patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) may have features mimicking rheumatic diseases, such as arthralgias, acute interstitial pneumonia, myocarditis, leucopenia, lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia and cytokine storm with features akin to secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.• Although preliminary results may be encouraging, high-quality clinical trials are needed to better understand the role of drugs commonly used in rheumatology like hydroxychloroquine and tocilizumab in COVID-19.• Until further evidence emerges, it may be cautiously recommended to continue glucocorticoids and other disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) in patients receiving these therapies, with discontinuation of DMARDs during infections as per standard practice.
JO  - Clinical rheumatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-8
SP  - 1
EP  - 8
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s10067-020-05073-9
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32277367
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Perinatal aspects on the covid-19 pandemic: a practical resource for perinatal–neonatal specialists
AU  - Mimouni, Francis
AU  - Lakshminrusimha, Satyan
AU  - Pearlman, Stephen A.
AU  - Raju, Tonse
AU  - Gallagher, Patrick G.
AU  - Mendlovic, Joseph
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Little is known about the perinatal aspects of COVID-19.
JO  - Journal of Perinatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41372-020-0665-6
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41372-020-0665-6
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Medical education during pandemics: a UK perspective
AU  - Mian, Areeb
AU  - Khan, Shujhat
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BMC medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 18
IS  - 1
PG  - 100-100
SP  - 100
EP  - 100
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s12916-020-01577-y
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Biological and Epidemiological Trends in the Prevalence and Mortality due to Outbreaks of Novel Coronavirus COVID-19
AU  - Meo, Sultan Ayoub
AU  - Al-Khlaiwi, Thamir
AU  - Usmani, Adnan Mahmood
AU  - Meo, Anusha Sultan
AU  - Klonoff, David C.
AU  - Hoang, Thanh D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus (Covid-19) infection outbreak has posed a major threat to international health system and economy. This study is aimed at investigating the biological and epidemiological trends in the prevalence and mortality due to outbreaks of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infections. The data on the global outbreak of COVID-19, were obtained from World Health Organization (WHO), Worldometer, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and research institutes. The information was also recorded from research documents published in global scientific journals indexed in Pub Med and Institute of Scientific Information (ISI) Web of Science on the trends in the prevalence and mortality due to COVID-19 infection outbreaks. The results show rising trends in the transmission, prevalence and mortality rate due to coronavirus COVID-19. During the period of December 29, 2019 through March 31, 2020, it has infected 750890 people worldwide, resulting in 36405 deaths with a mortality rate of 4.84%. The infections were more frequent among male gender with above 60 years of age. The mean growth rate index for total number of cases from January 23 to March 31, 2020 was 1.20 and growth rate index for mortality rate was 1.12. There was a positive association between the prevalence and mortality rate (R2=0.996). The novel coronavirus COVID-19 is highly contagious and has affected a large number of people worldwide. It is still spreading with mutable prevalence and mortality outbreak trends. The global health officials have taken priority measures to prevent the further outbreaks of this emerging pathogen across the globe. However, the rising number of cases and mortality risk estimates are demonstrating that enhanced public health mediations, good hygienic conditions, social distancing and movement limitations may control the COVID-19 epidemics.
JO  - Journal of King Saud University - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksus.2020.04.004
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1018364720301518
NS  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Response to the Letter to the Editor: How to Deal with Suspended Oral Treatment during the COVID-19 Epidemic
AU  - Meng, L.
AU  - Hua, F.
AU  - Bian, Z.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Dental Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 0022034520920166-0022034520920166
SP  - 0022034520920166
EP  - 0022034520920166
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/0022034520920166
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1177/0022034520920166
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Psychological effect of COVID-19 on the Elderly in China
AU  - Meng, Hui
AU  - Xu, Yang
AU  - Dai, Jiali
AU  - Zhang, Yang
AU  - Liu, Baogeng
AU  - Yang, Haibo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - To understand the emotional changes in the elderly population during the pneumonia epidemic caused by novel coronavirus infection, and to lay a foundation for the study of the psychology, intervention and nursing of the elderly.A total of 1556 elderly people were selected to conduct an epidemiological survey, and standardized survey methods were used to investigate the depression screening scale (PHQ-9) and anxiety self-rating scale (GAD-7).The anxiety and depression of different genders were different.Anxiety and depression are different in different age groups.The outbreak of pneumonia caused by novel coronavirus infection has an effect on the psychology of the elderly people, resulting in anxiety and depression.
JO  - Psychiatry Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 112983-112983
SP  - 112983
EP  - 112983
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112983
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016517812030603X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - CT imaging and clinical course of asymptomatic cases with COVID-19 pneumonia at admission in Wuhan, China
AU  - Meng, Heng
AU  - Xiong, Rui
AU  - He, Ruyuan
AU  - Lin, Weichen
AU  - Hao, Bo
AU  - Zhang, Lin
AU  - Lu, Zilong
AU  - Shen, Xiaokang
AU  - Fan, Tao
AU  - Jiang, Wenyang
AU  - Yang, Wenbin
AU  - Li, Tao
AU  - Chen, Jun
AU  - Qing, Geng
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - PurposeAimed to characterize the CT imaging and clinical course of asymptomatic cases with COVID-19 pneumonia.
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.04.004
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.04.004
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Airborne precautions recommended in Wuhan, China for bedside fiberoptic bronchoscopy examination of patients with COVID-19
AU  - Mei, He
AU  - Jie, Xiong
AU  - Sufang, Huang
AU  - Yi, Bian
AU  - Peng, Yan
AU  - Redding, Sharon R.
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.055
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.055
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Illness and Heart Failure: A Missing Link?
AU  - Mehra, Mandeep R.
AU  - Ruschitzka, Frank
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JACC: Heart Failure
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jchf.2020.03.004
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213177920301505
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Fecal Shedding of SARS CoV-2: Implications for Disease Spread and Quarantine
AU  - Meena, Jitendra
AU  - Kumar, Jogender
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Indian pediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - If the world fails to protect the economy, COVID-19 will damage health not just now but also in the future
AU  - McKee, Martin
AU  - Stuckler, David
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41591-020-0863-y
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Corticosteroid Guidance for Pregnancy during COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - McIntosh, Jennifer Jury
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is causing a necessary, rapid adjustment within the field of obstetrics. Corticosteroid use is a mainstay of therapy for those women delivering prematurely. Unfortunately, corticosteroid use has been associated with worse outcomes in COVID-19 positive patients. Given this information, it is necessary that obstetricians adjust practice to carefully weigh the fetal benefits with maternal risks. Therefore, our institution has examined the risks and benefits and altered our corticosteroid recommendations. · Corticosteroid use is an important part of prematurity treatment because it provides benefit to the fetus.. · Corticosteroid use may be related with increased morbidity and mortality in novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).. · Therefore, during the COVID-19 pandemic, an alteration in current corticosteroid practices is necessary to uniquely weigh the maternal risks and fetal benefits..
JO  - American journal of perinatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1055/s-0040-1709684
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: Respiratory support outside the intensive care unit
AU  - McEnery, Tom
AU  - Gough, Ciara
AU  - Costello, Richard W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The optimal mode of respiratory support for individuals with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) before invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) is currently a subject of much debate. Recently published guidelines1 and a Comment2 differ substantially to other guidelines in this regard, with some advocating high flow nasal cannulae (HFNC) over non-invasive ventilation (NIV),1,2 or vice versa (NHS guidance). This debate is understandable given the paucity of data and need for rapid generation of guidance, but it is a cause of confusion among respiratory physicians.
JO  - The Lancet. Respiratory medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30176-4
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The COVID-19 outbreak: From “black swan” to global challenges and opportunities
AU  - Mazzoleni, Stefano
AU  - Turchetti, Giuseppe
AU  - Ambrosino, Nicolino
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Pulmonology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pulmoe.2020.03.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2531043720300751
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - For Ebola in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the end will have to wait
AU  - Maxmen, Amy
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-01093-2
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Thousands of coronavirus tests are going unused in US labs
AU  - Maxmen, Amy
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-01068-3
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The virus crisis affects Orthopaedic surgery and scientific activities worldwide
AU  - Mavrogenis, Andreas F.
AU  - Quaile, Andrew
AU  - Scarlat, Marius M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International Orthopaedics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-5
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00264-020-04557-2
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00264-020-04557-2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Triage of scarce critical care resources in COVID-19: an implementation guide for regional allocation An expert panel report of the Task Force for Mass Critical Care and the American College of Chest Physicians
AU  - Maves, Ryan C.
AU  - Downar, James
AU  - Dichter, Jeffrey R.
AU  - Hick, John L.
AU  - Devereaux, Asha
AU  - Geiling, James A.
AU  - Kissoon, Niranjan
AU  - Hupert, Nathaniel
AU  - Niven, Alexander S.
AU  - King, Mary A.
AU  - Rubinson, Lewis L.
AU  - Hanfling, Dan
AU  - Hodge, James G.
AU  - Marshall, Mary Faith
AU  - Fischkoff, Katherine
AU  - Evans, Laura E.
AU  - Tonelli, Mark R.
AU  - Wax, Randy S.
AU  - Seda, Gilbert
AU  - Parrish, John S.
AU  - Truog, Robert D.
AU  - Sprung, Charles L.
AU  - Christian, Michael D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Chest
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2020.03.063
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012369220306917
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A HIGH-VOLUME THORACIC SURGERY DIVISION INTO THE STORM OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
AU  - Maurizi, Giulio
AU  - Rendina, Erino Angelo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Annals of Thoracic Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2020.03.015
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S000349752030518X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) and the Gastrointestinal System in Children
AU  - Matthai, John
AU  - Shanmugam, Naresh
AU  - Sobhan, Prasanth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2), though primarily a respiratory pathogen, also involves the gastrointestinal tract. Similar to the respiratory mucosa, angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE-2) receptor and transmembrane serine protease 2 TMPRSS2) co-express in the gastrointestinal tract, which facilitates viral entry into the tissue. Less than 10% of children with infection develop diarrhea and vomiting. Prolonged RT PCR positivity in the stool has raised the possibility of feco-oral transmission. Elevated transaminases are common, especially in those with severe coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID -19) disease. Children with inflammatory bowel disease and post liver transplant patients do not have an increased risk of disease, and should remain on medications they are already on. Children with chronic liver disease should continue their medications as usual. All elective procedures like endoscopy should be postponed.
JO  - Indian pediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
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DO  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pathogenesis of COVID-19 from a cell biologic perspective
AU  - Mason, Robert J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The European respiratory journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1183/13993003.00607-2020
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32269085
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and globalization
AU  - Mas-Coma, Santiago
AU  - Jones, Malcolm K.
AU  - Marty, Aileen M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - One Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 100132-100132
SP  - 100132
EP  - 100132
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.onehlt.2020.100132
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352771420300732
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How to reorganize the access of children in a radiotherapy department in the era of COVID19, in order to protect themselves and elderly patients
AU  - Mascarin, Maurizio
AU  - Provenzi, Massimo
AU  - Coassin, Elisa
AU  - Franchin, Giovanni
AU  - Mariotto, Aldo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Advances in Radiation Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adro.2020.04.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452109420300713
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - First case of COVID-19 in a kidney transplant recipient treated with belatacept
AU  - Marx, David
AU  - Moulin, Bruno
AU  - Fafi-Kremer, Samira
AU  - Benotmane, Ilies
AU  - Gautier, Gabriela
AU  - Perrin, Peggy
AU  - Caillard, Sophie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an ongoing public health emergency of international concern. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) develops in 3?30% of patients with COVID-19 (1,2), because of direct virus-induced cytopathic effects in the respiratory tract or cytokine storms triggered by the host?s immune response. Comorbidities are known to increase the risk of ARDS in SARS-CoV-2-infected patients (1).
JO  - American Journal of Transplantation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/ajt.15919
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/ajt.15919
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Spanish-translated clinical algorithm for management of suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnant women
AU  - Martinez-Portilla, Raigam J.
AU  - Goncé, Anna
AU  - Hawkins-Villarreal, Ameth
AU  - Figueras, Francesc
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - With interest, we read the guidelines by Guillaume Favre and colleagues1 on the management of pregnant women with suspected severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
JO  - The Lancet. Infectious diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30285-1
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical and ethical challenges for emergency departments during communicable disease outbreaks: can lessons from Ebola Virus Disease be applied to the COVID-19 pandemic?
AU  - Markwel, Alexandra
AU  - Mitchell, Rob
AU  - Wright, April
AU  - Brown, Anthony Ft
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Emergency departments (EDs) fulfil a frontline function during public health emergencies (PHEs) and will play a pivotal role during the COVID-19 pandemic. This perspective article draws on qualitative data from a longitudinal, ethnographic study of an Australian tertiary ED to illustrate the clinical and ethical challenges faced by EDs during PHEs. Interview data collected during the 2014 Ebola Virus Disease PHE of International Concern suggests that ED clinicians have a strong sense of professional responsibility, but this can be compromised by increased visibility of risk and sub-optimal engagement from hospital managers and public health authorities. The study exposes the tension between a healthcare worker's right to protection and a duty to provide treatment. Given the narrow window of opportunity to prepare for a surge of COVID-19 presentations, there is an immediate need to reflect and learn from previous experiences. To maintain the confidence of ED clinicians, and minimise the risk of moral injury, hospital and public health authorities must urgently develop processes to support ethical healthcare delivery and ensure adequate resourcing of EDs. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Emergency medicine Australasia : EMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/1742-6723.13514
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 pandemic and the stethoscope: don't forget to sanitize
AU  - Marinella, Mark A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Heart & Lung
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrtlng.2020.03.017
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147956320301126
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and haemostasis: a position paper from Italian Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis (SISET)
AU  - Marietta, Marco
AU  - Ageno, Walter
AU  - Artoni, Andrea
AU  - De Candia, Erica
AU  - Gresele, Paolo
AU  - Marchetti, Marina
AU  - Marcucci, Rossella
AU  - Tripodi, Armando
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Blood transfusion = Trasfusione del sangue
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2450/2020.0083-20
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How 3 D printing can prevent spread of Covid-19 between health care professionals during times of critical shortage of Protective Personal Equipment
AU  - Maracaja, Luiz
AU  - Blitz, Daina
AU  - Maracaja, Danielle L. V.
AU  - Walker, Caroline A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2020.04.004
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053077020303621
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Disease 19 Pandemic and Extracorporeal Therapies in Intensive Care: "Bis Peccare in Bello Non Licet"
AU  - Maoujoud, Omar
AU  - Asserraji, Mohammed
AU  - Belarbi, Marouane
AU  - Zemraoui, Nadir
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Blood purification
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1159/000507603
UR  - https://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/507603 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32272475
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Neurologic Manifestations of Hospitalized Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Wuhan, China
AU  - Mao, Ling
AU  - Jin, Huijuan
AU  - Wang, Mengdie
AU  - Hu, Yu
AU  - Chen, Shengcai
AU  - He, Quanwei
AU  - Chang, Jiang
AU  - Hong, Candong
AU  - Zhou, Yifan
AU  - Wang, David
AU  - Miao, Xiaoping
AU  - Li, Yanan
AU  - Hu, Bo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Importance The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China, is serious and has the potential to become an epidemic worldwide. Several studies have described typical clinical manifestations including fever, cough, diarrhea, and fatigue. However, to our knowledge, it has not been reported that patients with COVID-19 had any neurologic manifestations. Objective To study the neurologic manifestations of patients with COVID-19. Design, Setting, and Participants This is a retrospective, observational case series. Data were collected from January 16, 2020, to February 19, 2020, at 3 designated special care centers for COVID-19 (Main District, West Branch, and Tumor Center) of the Union Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology in Wuhan, China. The study included 214 consecutive hospitalized patients with laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. Main Outcomes and Measures Clinical data were extracted from electronic medical records, and data of all neurologic symptoms were checked by 2 trained neurologists. Neurologic manifestations fell into 3 categories: central nervous system manifestations (dizziness, headache, impaired consciousness, acute cerebrovascular disease, ataxia, and seizure), peripheral nervous system manifestations (taste impairment, smell impairment, vision impairment, and nerve pain), and skeletal muscular injury manifestations. Results Of 214 patients (mean [SD] age, 52.7 [15.5] years; 87 men [40.7%]) with COVID-19, 126 patients (58.9%) had nonsevere infection and 88 patients (41.1%) had severe infection according to their respiratory status. Overall, 78 patients (36.4%) had neurologic manifestations. Compared with patients with nonsevere infection, patients with severe infection were older, had more underlying disorders, especially hypertension, and showed fewer typical symptoms of COVID-19, such as fever and cough. Patients with more severe infection had neurologic manifestations, such as acute cerebrovascular diseases (5 [5.7%] vs 1 [0.8%]), impaired consciousness (13 [14.8%] vs 3 [2.4%]), and skeletal muscle injury (17 [19.3%] vs 6 [4.8%]). Conclusions and Relevance Patients with COVID-19 commonly have neurologic manifestations. During the epidemic period of COVID-19, when seeing patients with neurologic manifestations, clinicians should suspect severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection as a differential diagnosis to avoid delayed diagnosis or misdiagnosis and lose the chance to treat and prevent further transmission.
JO  - JAMA neurology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.1127
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32275288
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Guide to forensic pathology practice for death cases related to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (Trial draft)
AU  - Mao, Danmi
AU  - Zhou, Nan
AU  - Zheng, Da
AU  - Yue, Jiacheng
AU  - Zhao, Qianhao
AU  - Luo, Bin
AU  - Guan, Dawei
AU  - Zhou, Yiwu
AU  - Hu, Bingjie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Autopsy is of great significance for elucidating the pathological changes, pathogenesis and cause of death of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and can provide a theoretical basis for scientific and accurate prevention and control of its outbreak. Based on related laws and regulations, such as the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases, clinical manifestations and epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 and guidelines on the prevention and control of this epidemic, combined with the practical work of forensic pathology examinations, we developed the Guide to Forensic Pathology Practice for Death Cases Related to Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) (Trial Draft). This guide describes the background investigation of the death cases, autopsy room requirements, personal prevention and protections, external examinations, autopsy practices and auxiliary examinations, and thus offers a reference for forensic and pathological examination institutions and staff.
JO  - Forensic Sciences Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-7
SP  - 1
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/20961790.2020.1744400
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/20961790.2020.1744400
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): we don’t leave women alone
AU  - Mantovani, Alessandro
AU  - Dalbeni, Andrea
AU  - Beatrice, Giorgia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International Journal of Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00038-020-01369-4
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00038-020-01369-4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Whose life to save? Scarce resources allocation in the COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Mannelli, Chiara
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - After initially emerging in China, the coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak has advanced rapidly. The World Health Organization (WHO) has recently declared it a pandemic, with Europe becoming its new epicentre. Italy has so far been the most severely hit European country and demand for critical care in the northern region currently exceeds its supply. This raises significant ethical concerns, among which is the allocation of scarce resources. Professionals are considering the prioritisation of patients most likely to survive over those with remote chances, and this news has triggered an intense debate about the right of every individual to access healthcare. The proposed analysis suggests that the national emergency framework in which prioritisation criteria are currently enforced should not lead us to perceive scarce resources allocation as something new. From an ethical perspective, the novelty of the current emergency is not grounded in the devastating effects of scarce resources allocation, which is rife in recent and present clinical practice. Rather, it has to do with the extraordinarily high number of people who find themselves personally affected by the implications of scarce resources allocation and who suddenly realise that the principle of 'equals should be treated equally' may no longer be applicable. Along with the need to allocate appropriate additional financial resources to support the healthcare system, and thus to mitigate the scarcity of resources, the analysis insists on the relevance of a medical ethics perspective that does not place the burden of care and choice solely on physicians.
JO  - Journal of medical ethics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/medethics-2020-106227
UR  - 
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - First considerations on the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in the Dialysis Units of Piedmont and Aosta Valley, Northern Italy
AU  - Manganaro, Marco
AU  - Baldovino, Simone
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Nephrology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s40620-020-00732-1
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s40620-020-00732-1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Dermatologic Manifestation of COVID-19: Transient Livedo Reticularis
AU  - Manalo, Iviensan F.
AU  - Smith, Molly K.
AU  - Cheeley, Justin
AU  - Jacobs, Randy
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2020.04.018
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0190962220305582
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Low-cost Solution for Retro-fitment of HEPA Filter in Healthcare Facilities Providing Care to COVID-19 Patients
AU  - Malhotra, Vikas
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Indian pediatrics
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Data Protection and Research: A vital challenge in the era of Covid-19 Pandemic
AU  - Malgieri, Gianclaudio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Computer Law & Security Review
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 105431-105431
SP  - 105431
EP  - 105431
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clsr.2020.105431
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0267364920300364
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Our Thanks to ALL Healthcare Workers on the Frontlines Caring for Our Most Vulnerable
AU  - Malchesky, Paul
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The Covid-19 pandemic has touched the lives of nearly every person in the world. No person living today has ever witnessed such a crisis. We strongly request that you follow the guidance in your area and be safe in all your activities. We are so thankful and proud of the medical persons and caregivers for diligently carrying out their duties. We hope and pray that you remain strong for those in need, in particular the elderly, those with medical problems, and those with compromised immune systems.
JO  - Artificial organs
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/aor.13703
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus-19 Disease (COVID-19): A case series of early suspects reported and the implications towards the response to the pandemic in Zimbabwe
AU  - Makurumidze, Richard
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Zimbabwe is among the countries that have been identified to be at risk of the COVID-19 pandemic. As of the 15th of March 2020, there has been no confirmed case of the virus. Official reports of suspect cases were used to appraise the general screening, case management, and preparedness of the country towards the COVID-19 pandemic. In terms of the surveillance and capacity to screen at ports of entry, the country seems to be faring well. The country might not be screening optimally, considering the number of COVID-19 tests conducted to date and suspected cases who missed testing. Three of the suspected cases faced mental, social, and psychological consequences due to them being suspects of COVID-19. There is a need to enhance the screening process and infrastructure at all ports of entry. More COVID-19 diagnostic tests should be procured to increase the testing capacity. Training and awareness of mental, social, and psychological consequences of COVID-19 should be offered to health care workers and the public. More financial resources should be sourced to enable the country to control the pandemic.
JO  - Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2020.04.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1684118220300967
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Effective containment explains sub-exponential growth in confirmed cases of recent COVID-19 outbreak in Mainland China
AU  - Maier, Benjamin F.
AU  - Brockmann, Dirk
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The recent outbreak of COVID-19 in Mainland China is characterized by a distinctive algebraic, sub-exponential increase of confirmed cases during the early phase of the epidemic, contrasting an initial exponential growth expected for an unconstrained outbreak with sufficiently large reproduction rate. Although case counts vary significantly between affected provinces in Mainland China, the scaling law $t^{\mu}$ is surprisingly universal, with a range of exponents $\mu=2.1\pm0.3$. The universality of this behavior indicates that despite social, regional, demographical, geographical, and socio-economical heterogeneities of affected Chinese provinces, this outbreak is dominated by fundamental mechanisms that are not captured by standard epidemiological models. We show that the observed scaling law is a direct consequence of containment policies that effectively deplete the susceptible population. To this end we introduce a parsimonious model that captures both, quarantine of symptomatic infected individuals as well as population wide isolation in response to mitigation policies or behavioral changes. For a wide range of parameters, the model reproduces the observed scaling law in confirmed cases and explains the observed exponents. Quantitative fits to empirical data permit the identification of peak times in the number of asymptomatic or oligo-symptomatic, unidentified infected individuals, as well as estimates of local variations in the basic reproduction number. The model implies that the observed scaling law in confirmed cases is a direct signature of effective contaiment strategies and/or systematic behavioral changes that affect a substantial fraction of the susceptible population. These insights may aid the implementation of containment strategies in potential export induced COVID-19 secondary outbreaks elsewhere or similar future outbreaks of other emergent infectious diseases.
JO  - Science (New York, N.Y.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb4557
UR  - http://arxiv.org/abs/2002.07572
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Evolving Pandemic of COVID-19 and Interventional Cardiology
AU  - Mahmud, Ehtisham
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions : official journal of the Society for Cardiac Angiography & Interventions
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/ccd.28894
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: Quarantine works when introduced early alongside other measures, finds review
AU  - Mahase, Elisabeth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1450-m1450
SP  - m1450
EP  - m1450
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1450
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The daily impact of COVID-19 in gastroenterology
AU  - Magro, Fernando
AU  - Abreu, Candida
AU  - Rahier, Jean-François
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - United European gastroenterology journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 2050640620920157-2050640620920157
SP  - 2050640620920157
EP  - 2050640620920157
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/2050640620920157
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Reuse of N95 Masks
AU  - Mackenzie, Dana
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Engineering
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eng.2020.04.003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095809920300874
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Adoption of personal protective measures by ordinary citizens during the COVID-19 outbreak in Japan
AU  - Machida, Masaki
AU  - Nakamura, Itaru
AU  - Saito, Reiko
AU  - Nakaya, Tomoki
AU  - Hanibuchi, Tomoya
AU  - Takamiya, Tomoko
AU  - Odagiri, Yuko
AU  - Fukushima, Noritoshi
AU  - Kikuchi, Hiroyuki
AU  - Kojima, Takako
AU  - Watanabe, Hidehiro
AU  - Inoue, Shigeru
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objectives To clarify the implementation status of personal protective measures by the ordinary citizens in Japan during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak. Methods This was the cross-sectional study using an internet-based survey. A total of 2,400 people (50% male: 20-79 years) were selected between February 25 and 27, 2020, from registrants of an Internet research company, to complete a questionnaire. Participants were asked to indicate how often they implemented the following five personal protective measures recommended by the World Health Organization (hand hygiene, social distancing measures, avoiding touching the eyes, nose and mouth, respiratory etiquette, and self-isolation). In addition, the participants responded to questions regarding the daily frequency of hand hygiene events. Results The prevalence of the five personal protective measures ranged from 59.8% to 83.8%, with the lowest being avoiding touching the eyes, nose, and mouth. In total, 34.7% implemented all personal protective measures. The median daily hand hygiene events were 5 per day (25th percentile, 75th percentile: 3,8). Conclusions The protective measures implemented by ordinary citizens are insufficient and further public awareness activities are required.
JO  - International Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.04.014
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971220302307
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Social media and telemedicine for oral diagnosis and counselling in the COVID-19 era
AU  - Machado, Renato Assis
AU  - de Souza, Natália Lins
AU  - Oliveira, Rayane Maria
AU  - Martelli Júnior, Hercílio
AU  - Bonan, Paulo Rogério Ferreti
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Oral Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 104685-104685
SP  - 104685
EP  - 104685
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oraloncology.2020.104685
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1368837520301214
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Empower Women in Healthcare to move Women’s Health forward
AU  - Maas, Angela H. E. M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Medical science and patient care have historically focused on male patients. Many diagnoses in women are still undetermined and it takes several years longer to establish comparable diagnoses in women as in men. Women live longer and have more unhealthy years with ageing than men. Sociocultural aspects vary importantly between the genders and have a different impact on health, wellbeing and many diseases. We still have a long way to go to achieve gender equality and equal rights for women worldwide. Female values, such as creativity, empathy, mutual connection and emotional skills, are eminent in healthcare. Efforts to establish more highly respected and leading positions for women working in the health sector will be a great incentive to put women’s health higher on the agenda.
JO  - Maturitas
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.maturitas.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378512220302310
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Precautions in ophthalmic practice in a hospital with the risk of COVID-19: experience from China
AU  - Ma, Xiang
AU  - Lin, Jingrong
AU  - Fang, Shifeng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Acta ophthalmologica
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/aos.14436
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical application effect of modified nasopharyngeal swab sampling for 2019novel coronavirus nucleic acid detection
AU  - Ma, S. Y.
AU  - Luo, Y. M.
AU  - Hu, T. Y.
AU  - You, Z. C.
AU  - Sun, J. G.
AU  - Yu, S. Y.
AU  - Yuan, Z. Q.
AU  - Peng, Y. Z.
AU  - Luo, G. X.
AU  - Xu, Z.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To study the clinical application effect of modified nasopharyngeal swab sampling for 2019 novel coronavirus nucleic acid detection. Methods: This study covered the period from January 14 to March 1, 2020. From February 24 on, the supine position method and the protective face screen were used to collect nasopharyngeal swabs, before which, the nasopharyngeal swabs were collected by sitting position method. All the patients were diagnosed with suspected/confirmed 2019 novel coronavirus infection, who were admitted from February 19 on, before which, the nasopharyngeal swabs were collected outside the hospital. (1) Thirty-four operators meeting the inclusion criteria of the study were recruited in this retrospective cohort study. They were grouped according to the collection method of nasopharyngeal swabs. Sixteen operators of Wuhan Taikang Tongji Hospital who used the supine position method and the protective face screen were included in supine position method+protective face screen group (15 males and 1 female, aged 34-49 years); 18 operators (12 from the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (the Third Military Medical University), 1 from Wuhan Jiangxia Mobile Cabin Hospital, 5 from the East District of People's Hospital of Wuhan University) who used the traditional sitting position method were included in sitting position method group (2 males and 16 females, aged 25-49 years). In supine position method+protective face screen group, when collecting sample, the patient lay flat and wore a special protective face screen for nasopharyngeal swab sampling, with neck slightly extending and face turning to the opposite side of the operator about 10Â°. The self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the cooperation, the incidence of nausea, coughing, sneezing, and struggling of patients evaluated by the operators, the operation time of single sampling, the fear of operation and the perceived exposure risk of operators of the two groups. (2) Sixty-five patients (22 males and 43 females, aged 25-91 years) admitted to Wuhan Taikang Tongji Hospital who successively received the sitting position method and supine position method+protective face screen for nasopharyngeal swabs sampling and with complete nucleic acid detection results were included. The positive rates of nucleic acid detection by the two sampling methods of nasopharyngeal swabs of the patients were statistically analyzed. (3) Forty-one patients who could express their feelings accurately were selected from the above 65 patients (12 males and 29 females, aged 27-83 years). The comfort of patients in the process of sampling by the two methods was investigated. (4) Thirty-four patients (10 males and 24 females, aged 25-83 years) with two or more consecutive negative results of nucleic acid detection of nasopharyngeal swabs by sitting position method were selected from the above 65 patients. The positive rate of nucleic acid detection of nasopharyngeal swab of patients by supine position method+protective face screen, i.e. negative to positive rate was statistically analyzed. Data were statistically analyzed with Wilcoxon's sign rank test, t test, and chi-square test. Results: (1) The cooperation score of patients evaluated by the operators in supine position method+protective face screen group was significantly higher than that in sitting position method group (Z=-4.928, P<0.01), the incidence of nausea, choking cough, sneezing, and struggling of patients evaluated by the operators, and the fear of operation score and the perceived exposure risk score of operators were significantly lower than those of sitting position method group (Z=-5.071, -5.046, -4.095, -4.397, -4.174, -5.049, P<0.01), and the operation time of single sampling was significantly longer than that of sitting position method group (t=23.17, P<0.01). (2) The positive rate of nucleic acid detection of nasopharyngeal swabs by supine position method+protective face screen was 60.00% (39/65), which was obviously higher than 41.54% (27/65) by sitting position method (ch (2)=4.432, P<0.05). (3) The comfort score of the 41 patients during nasopharyngeal swabs sampling by supine position method+protective face screen was significantly higher than that by sitting position method (Z=-5.319, P<0.01). (4) Of the 34 patients with two or more consecutive negative results of nucleic acid detection of nasopharyngeal swabs by sitting position method, the rate of negative to positive of nucleic acid detection was 26.47% (9/34) after sampling by supine position method+protective face screen. Conclusions: Compared with the traditional sitting position method, detection of 2019 novel coronavirus nucleic acids of nasopharyngeal swabs collected by supine method combined with protective face screen is worth promoting, because of its better comfort of patients, low exposure risk for operators, in addition to reducing in the false negative result to some extent, which may help reduce false recurrence of discharged patients. ç›®çš„ï¼š æŽ¢è®¨æ”¹è‰¯æ–°åž‹å† çŠ¶ç—…æ¯’æ ¸é…¸æ£€æµ‹é¼»å’½æ‹­å­é‡‡æ ·æ–¹æ³•çš„ä¸´åºŠåº”ç”¨æ•ˆæžœã€‚ æ–¹æ³•ï¼š æœ¬ç ”ç©¶æ¶‰åŠæ—¶é—´èŒƒå›´ä¸º2020å¹´1æœˆ14æ—¥3æœˆ1æ—¥ï¼Œ2æœˆ24æ—¥å¼€å§‹é‡‡ç”¨å§ä½æ³•+é˜²æŠ¤é¢å±é‡‡é›†é¼»å’½æ‹­å­ï¼Œåœ¨æ­¤ä¹‹å‰å‡é‡‡ç”¨åä½æ³•é‡‡é›†é¼»å’½æ‹­å­ã€‚æ‚£è€…å‡ä¸ºç–‘ä¼¼ /ç¡®è¯Šæ–°åž‹å† çŠ¶ç—…æ¯’æ„ŸæŸ“æ‚£è€…ï¼Œ2æœˆ19æ—¥å¼€å§‹å…¥é™¢ï¼Œä¹‹å‰åœ¨é™¢å¤–é‡‡é›†é¼»å’½æ‹­å­ã€‚ï¼ˆ1ï¼‰34åé¼»å’½æ‹­å­é‡‡é›†æ“ä½œè€…ç¬¦åˆæœ¬ç ”ç©¶å…¥é€‰æ ‡å‡†ï¼Œå¯¹å…¶è¿›è¡Œå›žé¡¾æ€§é˜Ÿåˆ—ç ”ç©¶ ã€‚æŒ‰é¼»å’½æ‹­å­é‡‡é›†æ–¹æ³•åˆ†ç»„ï¼Œæ­¦æ±‰æ³°åº·åŒæµŽåŒ»é™¢16åæ“ä½œè€…ï¼ˆç”·15åã€å¥³1åï¼Œå¹´é¾„34~49å²ï¼‰é‡‡ç”¨å§ä½æ³•é…åˆé˜²æŠ¤é¢å±ï¼Œçº³å…¥å§ä½æ³•+é˜²æŠ¤é¢å±ç»„ï¼Œé‡‡é›† æ ‡æœ¬æ—¶ï¼Œæ‚£è€…å¹³å§ï¼Œä½©æˆ´é¼»å’½æ‹­å­é‡‡æ ·ä¸“ç”¨é˜²æŠ¤é¢å±ï¼Œé¢ˆéƒ¨ç¨è¿‡ä¼¸ï¼Œé¢éƒ¨è½¬å‘æ“ä½œè€…å¯¹ä¾§10Â°å·¦å³ï¼›18åæ“ä½œè€…é‡‡ç”¨ä¼ ç»Ÿçš„åä½æ³•ï¼Œçº³å…¥åä½æ³•ç»„ï¼Œå…¶ä¸­é™†å†›å†› åŒ»å¤§å­¦ï¼ˆç¬¬ä¸‰å†›åŒ»å¤§å­¦ï¼‰ç¬¬ä¸€é™„å±žåŒ»é™¢12åã€æ­¦æ±‰æ±Ÿå¤æ–¹èˆ±åŒ»é™¢1åã€æ­¦æ±‰å¤§å­¦äººæ°‘åŒ»é™¢ä¸œé™¢åŒº5åï¼Œç”·2åã€å¥³16åï¼Œå¹´é¾„25~49å²ã€‚è‡ªåˆ¶é—®å·è°ƒæŸ¥2ç»„ æ“ä½œè€…è‡ªè¯„æ‚£è€…é…åˆåº¦åŠæ¶å¿ƒã€å‘›å’³ã€å–·åšã€æŒ£æ‰Žå‘ç”ŸçŽ‡ï¼Œå•æ¬¡é‡‡æ ·æ“ä½œæ—¶é—´ï¼Œå¯¹æ“ä½œçš„ææƒ§æ„Ÿã€è‡ªæ„Ÿæš´éœ²é£Žé™©ç¨‹åº¦ã€‚ï¼ˆ2ï¼‰é€‰æ‹©äºŽæ­¦æ±‰æ³°åº·åŒæµŽåŒ»é™¢å…ˆåŽæŽ¥å—åä½ æ³•ã€å§ä½æ³•+é˜²æŠ¤é¢å±é‡‡é›†é¼»å’½æ‹­å­ä¸”æœ‰å®Œæ•´æ ¸é…¸æ£€æµ‹ç»“æžœçš„65ä¾‹æ‚£è€…ï¼ˆç”·22ä¾‹ã€å¥³43ä¾‹ï¼Œå¹´é¾„25~91å²ï¼‰ï¼Œç»Ÿè®¡å…¶åˆ†åˆ«é‡‡ç”¨2ç§æ–¹æ³•é‡‡é›†é¼»å’½æ‹­å­çš„æ ¸ é…¸æ£€æµ‹é˜³æ€§çŽ‡ã€‚ï¼ˆ3ï¼‰é€‰æ‹©ï¼ˆ2ï¼‰ä¸­çš„èƒ½å‡†ç¡®è¡¨è¾¾è‡ªå·±æ„Ÿè§‰çš„41ä¾‹æ‚£è€…ï¼ˆç”·12ä¾‹ã€å¥³29ä¾‹ï¼Œå¹´é¾„27~83å²ï¼‰ï¼Œè°ƒæŸ¥å…¶åœ¨æŽ¥å—2ç§æ–¹æ³•è¿›è¡Œæ ·æœ¬é‡‡é›†è¿‡ç¨‹ä¸­ çš„èˆ’é€‚åº¦ã€‚ï¼ˆ4ï¼‰é€‰æ‹©ï¼ˆ2ï¼‰ä¸­ç»åä½æ³•é‡‡é›†é¼»å’½æ‹­å­æ ¸é…¸æ£€æµ‹ç»“æžœæŒç»­é˜´æ€§ï¼ˆè¿žç»­â‰¥2æ¬¡ï¼‰æ‚£è€…34ä¾‹ï¼ˆç”·10ä¾‹ã€å¥³24ä¾‹ï¼Œå¹´é¾„25~83å²ï¼‰ï¼Œç»Ÿè®¡å…¶ç»å§ ä½æ³•+é˜²æŠ¤é¢å±é‡‡é›†é¼»å’½æ‹­å­çš„æ ¸é…¸æ£€æµ‹é˜³æ€§çŽ‡ï¼Œå³é˜´æ€§è½¬é˜³æ€§çŽ‡ã€‚å¯¹æ•°æ®è¡ŒWilcoxonç¬¦å·ç§©æ£€éªŒã€tæ£€éªŒã€chi(2)æ£€éªŒã€‚ ç»“æžœï¼š ï¼ˆ1ï¼‰å§ä½æ³•+é˜²æŠ¤é¢å±ç»„æ“ä½œè€…è‡ªè¯„æ‚£è€…é…åˆåº¦è¯„åˆ†æ˜¾è‘—é«˜äºŽåä½æ³•ç»„ï¼ˆZ=-4.928ï¼ŒP<0.01ï¼‰ï¼Œæ“ä½œè€…è‡ªè¯„æ‚£è€…æ¶å¿ƒã€å‘›å’³ã€å–·åšå’ŒæŒ£æ‰Žå‘ç”ŸçŽ‡ä»¥ åŠå¯¹æ“ä½œçš„ææƒ§æ„Ÿå’Œè‡ªæ„Ÿæš´éœ²é£Žé™©ç¨‹åº¦è¯„åˆ†æ˜¾è‘—ä½ŽäºŽåä½æ³•ç»„ï¼ˆZ=-5.071ã€-5.046ã€-4.095ã€-4.397ã€-4.174ã€-5.049ï¼Œ P<0.01ï¼‰ï¼Œå•æ¬¡é‡‡æ ·æ“ä½œæ—¶é—´æ˜¾è‘—é•¿äºŽåä½æ³•ç»„ï¼ˆt=23.17ï¼ŒP<0.01ï¼‰ã€‚ï¼ˆ2ï¼‰65ä¾‹æ‚£è€…ç»å§ä½æ³•+é˜²æŠ¤é¢å±é‡‡é›†é¼»å’½æ‹­å­çš„æ ¸é…¸æ£€æµ‹é˜³æ€§çŽ‡ ä¸º60.00%ï¼ˆ39/65ï¼‰ï¼Œæ˜Žæ˜¾é«˜äºŽåä½æ³•çš„41.54%ï¼ˆ27/65ï¼‰ï¼Œchi(2)=4.432ï¼ŒP<0.05ã€‚ï¼ˆ3ï¼‰41ä¾‹æ‚£è€…ç»å§ä½æ³•+é˜²æŠ¤ é¢å±é‡‡é›†é¼»å’½æ‹­å­çš„èˆ’é€‚åº¦è¯„åˆ†æ˜¾è‘—é«˜äºŽåä½æ³•ï¼ˆZ=-5.319ï¼ŒP<0.01ï¼‰ã€‚ï¼ˆ4ï¼‰åä½æ³•é‡‡é›†é¼»å’½æ‹­å­æ ¸é…¸æ£€æµ‹æŒç»­é˜´æ€§çš„34ä¾‹æ‚£è€…ï¼Œé‡‡ç”¨å§ä½æ³•+ é˜²æŠ¤é¢å±é‡‡é›†é¼»å’½æ‹­å­åŽæ ¸é…¸æ£€æµ‹é˜´æ€§è½¬é˜³æ€§çŽ‡ä¸º26.47%(9/34)ã€‚ ç»“è®ºï¼š ç›¸è¾ƒäºŽä¼ ç»Ÿåä½æ³•ï¼Œé‡‡ç”¨å§ä½æ³•è”åˆé˜²æŠ¤é¢å±é‡‡é›†é¼»å’½æ‹­å­è¡Œæ–°åž‹å† çŠ¶ç—…æ¯’æ ¸é…¸æ£€æµ‹å¯æ˜¾è‘—æ”¹å–„æ‚£è€…èˆ’é€‚åº¦ï¼Œé™ä½Žæ“ä½œè€…çš„æš´éœ²é£Žé™©ï¼Œåœ¨ä¸€å®šç¨‹åº¦ä¸Šå‡å° æ£€æµ‹ç»“æžœå‡ é˜´æ€§ï¼Œå¯èƒ½æœ‰åŠ©äºŽå‡å°‘å‡ºé™¢æ‚£è€…å‡æ€§"å¤é˜³"çŽ°è±¡ï¼Œå€¼å¾—æŽ¨å¹¿ã€‚.
JO  - Zhonghua shao shang za zhi = Zhonghua shaoshang zazhi = Chinese journal of burns
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 36
IS  - 0
PG  - E009-E009
SP  - E009
EP  - E009
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn501120-20200312-00153
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: Conceptos clave para el cirujano
AU  - Rubio-Pérez, Inés
AU  - Pérez, Josep M. Badía
AU  - Mora-Rillo, Marta
AU  - Quirós, Alejandro Martín
AU  - Rodríguez, Julio García
AU  - Balibrea, Jose M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Resumen Ante la pandemia por SARS-CoV-2 resulta fundamental conocer los aspectos claves de la infección: su origen epidemiológico, presentación, curso clínico, diagnóstico y los tratamientos empleados (aún experimentales en muchos casos). El conocimiento sobre el virus es limitado, pero a medida que progresa la pandemia y se conoce más su fisiopatología, se está publicando nueva evidencia de forma masiva. Los especialistas quirúrgicos se enfrentan a una situación sin precedentes: deben colaborar en plantas médicas o urgencias atendiendo a estos pacientes y además tomar decisiones sobre pacientes quirúrgicos con posible COVID-19. Esta revisión narrativa pretende resumir los aspectos más relevantes y sintetizar los conceptos básicos sobre COVID-19 para los cirujanos. In view of the current pandemic by SARS-CoV-2 it deems essential to understand the key concepts about the infection: its epidemiological origin, presentation, clinical course, diagnosis and treatment (still experimental in many cases). The knowledge about the virus is still limited, but as the pandemic progresses and the physiopathology of the disease is understood, new evidence is being massively published. Surgical specialists are facing an unprecedented situation: they must collaborate in the ER or medical wards attending these patients, while still needing to make decisions about surgical patients with probable COVID-19. The present narrative review aims to summarize the most relevant aspects and synthetize concepts on COVID-19 for surgeons.
JO  - Cirugía Española
PB  - 
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AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ciresp.2020.04.009
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0009739X20301172
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Performance of Electrophysiology Procedures at an Academic Medical Center Amidst the 2020 Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic
AU  - Rubin, Geoffrey A.
AU  - Biviano, Angelo
AU  - Dizon, Jose
AU  - Yarmohammadi, Hirad
AU  - Ehlert, Frederick
AU  - Saluja, Deepak
AU  - Rubin, David A.
AU  - Morrow, John P.
AU  - Waase, Marc
AU  - Berman, Jeremy
AU  - Kushnir, Alexander
AU  - Abrams, Mark P.
AU  - Garan, Hasan
AU  - Wan, Elaine Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A global coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic occurred at the start of 2020 and is already responsible for more than 74,000 deaths worldwide, just over 100 years after the influenza pandemic of 1918. At the center of the crisis is the highly infectious and deadly SARS-CoV-2, which has altered everything from individual daily lives to the global economy and our collective consciousness. Aside from the pulmonary manifestations of disease, there are likely to be several electrophysiologic (EP) sequelae of COVID-19 infection and its treatment, due to consequences of myocarditis and the use of QT-prolonging drugs. Most crucially, the surge in COVID-19 positive patients that have already overwhelmed the New York City hospital system requires conservation of hospital resources including personal protective equipment (PPE), reassignment of personnel, and reorganization of institutions, including the EP laboratory. In this proposal, we detail the specific protocol changes that our EP department has adopted during the COVID-19 pandemic, including performance of only urgent/emergent procedures, afterhours/7-day per week laboratory operation, single attending-only cases to preserve PPE, appropriate use of PPE, telemedicine and video chat follow-up appointments, and daily conferences to collectively manage the clinical and ethical dilemmas to come. We discuss also discuss how we perform EP procedures on presumed COVID positive and COVID tested positive patients in order to highlight issues that others in the EP community may soon face in their own institution as the virus continues to spread nationally and internationally. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology
PB  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jce.14493
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - AGA Clinical Practice Update on Management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Expert Commentary
AU  - Rubin, David T.
AU  - Feuerstein, Joseph D.
AU  - Wang, Andrew Y.
AU  - Cohen, Russell D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Description The purpose of this AGA Institute Clinical Practice Update is to rapidly review the emerging evidence and provide timely expert recommendations regarding the management of patients with inflammatory bowel disease during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods This expert commentary was commissioned and approved by the AGA Institute Clinical Practice Updates Committee (CPUC) and the AGA Governing Board to provide timely perspective on a topic of high clinical importance to the AGA membership, and underwent internal peer review by the CPUC and external peer review through standard procedures of Gastroenterology.
JO  - Gastroenterology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2020.04.012
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016508520304820
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pulmonary embolism in patients with COVID-19: Time to change the paradigm of computed tomography
AU  - Rotzinger, D. C.
AU  - Beigelman-Aubry, C.
AU  - von Garnier, C.
AU  - Qanadli, S. D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To raise awareness for possible benefits of examining known COVID-19 patients presenting sudden clinical worsening with CT pulmonary angiography instead of standard non-contrast chest CT.
JO  - Thrombosis Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
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AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.thromres.2020.04.011
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0049384820301195
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Computed Tomography and Point-of-Care Ultrasound Findings in Two COVID-19 Patients
AU  - Roth, Kevin R.
AU  - Zackary, Joseph B.
AU  - Crowley, Lauren M.
AU  - Greenberg, Marna Rayl
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians Open
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/emp2.12080
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/emp2.12080
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A framework for identifying regional outbreak and spread of COVID-19 from one-minute population-wide surveys
AU  - Rossman, Hagai
AU  - Keshet, Ayya
AU  - Shilo, Smadar
AU  - Gavrieli, Amir
AU  - Bauman, Tal
AU  - Cohen, Ori
AU  - Shelly, Esti
AU  - Balicer, Ran
AU  - Geiger, Benjamin
AU  - Dor, Yuval
AU  - Segal, Eran
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature Medicine
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41591-020-0857-9
UR  - http://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-020-0857-9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Diabetic patients with COVID-19 infection are at higher risk of ICU admission and poor short-term outcome
AU  - Roncon, Loris
AU  - Zuin, Marco
AU  - Rigatelli, Gianluca
AU  - Zuliani, Giovanni
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background The prognostic significance of diabetes mellitus (DM) in patients with coronavirus 2019 disease (COVID-19) remains unknown. Objectives To assess the risk of ICU admission and morality risk in diabetic COVID-19 patients. Study desing A database search was conducted to identify studies comparing diabetic COVID-19 patients hospitalized in intensive care unit (ICU) and those reporting the overall mortality of these patients published up to March 25, 2020 within MEDLINE, Scopus and Web of Science. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed in abstracting data and assessing validity. Quality assessment was performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale. The main outcome was the risk of ICU admission in diabetic patients with COVID-19 infection while the second was the mortality risk in overall diabetic COVID-19 patients. Data were pooled using the Mantel-Haenszel random effects models with odds ratio (OR) as the effect measure with the related 95 % confidence interval (CI). Statistical heterogeneity between groups was measured using the Higgins I2 statistic. Results Among 1382 patients (mean age 51.5 years, 798 males), DM resulted to be the second more frequent comorbidities. Diabetic patients resulted to have a significant increased risk of ICU admission (OR: 2.79, 95 % CI 1.85–4.22, p < 0.0001, I2 = 46 %). In 471 patients (mean age 56.6 years, 294 males) analysed for the secondary outcome diabetic subjects resulted to be at higher mortality risk (OR 3.21, 95 % CI 1.82–5.64, p < 0.0001, I2 = 16 %). Conclusions Diabetic patients with COVID-19 patients are at higher risk of ICU admission and show an higher mortality risk.
JO  - Journal of Clinical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 104354-104354
SP  - 104354
EP  - 104354
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104354
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1386653220300962
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Kidney involvement in COVID-19 and rationale for extracorporeal therapies
AU  - Ronco, Claudio
AU  - Reis, Thiago
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature reviews. Nephrology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41581-020-0284-7
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A global recommendation for restrictive provision of fertility treatments during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Rodriguez-Wallberg, Kenny A.
AU  - Wikander, Ida
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/aogs.13851
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32270485
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Considerations for Drug Interactions on QTc in Exploratory COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019) Treatment
AU  - Roden, Dan M.
AU  - Harrington, Robert A.
AU  - Poppas, Athena
AU  - Russo, Andrea M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Circulation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.047521
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32267732
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Coronavirus spike protein analysis for synthetic vaccines, a peptidomimetic antagonist, and therapeutic drugs, and analysis of a proposed achilles’ heel conserved region to minimize probability of escape mutations and drug resistance
AU  - Robson, B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This paper continues a recent study of the spike protein sequence of the COVID-19 virus (SARS-CoV-2). It is also in part an introductory review to relevant computational techniques for tackling viral threats, using COVID-19 as an example. Q-UEL tools for facilitating access to knowledge and bioinformatics tools were again used for efficiency, but the focus in this paper is even more on the virus. Subsequence KRSFIEDLLFNKV of the S2′ spike glycoprotein proteolytic cleavage site continues to appear important. Here it is shown to be recognizable in the common cold coronaviruses, avian coronaviruses and possibly as traces in the nidoviruses of reptiles and fish. Its function or functions thus seem important to the coronaviruses. It might represent SARS-CoV-2 Achilles’ Heel, less likely to acquire resistance by mutation, as has happened in some early SARS vaccine studies discussed in the previous paper. Preliminary conformational analysis of the receptor (ACE2) binding site of the spike protein is carried suggesting that while it is somewhat conserved, it appears to be more variable than KRSFIEDLLFNKV. However compounds like emodin that inhibit SARS entry, apparently by binding ACE2, might also have functions at several different human protein binding studies. The enzyme 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 is again argued to be a convenient model pharmacophore perhaps representing an ensemble of targets, and it is noted that it occurs both in lung and alimentary tract. Perhaps it benefits the virus to block an inflammatory response by inhibiting the dehydrogenase, but a fairly complex web involves several possible targets.
JO  - Computers in Biology and Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 103749-103749
SP  - 103749
EP  - 103749
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2020.103749
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0010482520301281
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cardiovascular and Logistic Issues Associated Sith COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Robert Denniss, A.
AU  - Chow, Clara K.
AU  - Kritharides, Leonard
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Heart, Lung and Circulation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hlc.2020.03.014
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1443950620301141
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in the heart and the lungs: could we "Notch" the inflammatory storm?
AU  - Rizzo, Paola
AU  - Vieceli Dalla Sega, Francesco
AU  - Fortini, Francesca
AU  - Marracino, Luisa
AU  - Rapezzi, Claudio
AU  - Ferrari, Roberto
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - From January 2020, coronavirus disease (COVID-19) originated in China has spread around the world. The disease is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The presence of myocarditis, cardiac arrest, and acute heart failure in COVID-19 patients suggests the existence of a relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection and cardiac disease. The Notch signalling is a major regulator of cardiovascular function and it is also implicated in several biological processes mediating viral infections. In this report we discuss the possibility to target Notch signalling to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection and interfere with the progression of COVID-19- associated heart and lungs disease.
JO  - Basic research in cardiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 115
IS  - 3
PG  - 31-31
SP  - 31
EP  - 31
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00395-020-0791-5
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32274570
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Outcomes in Patients with COVID-19 Infection Taking ACEI/ARB
AU  - Rico-Mesa, Juan Simon
AU  - White, Averi
AU  - Anderson, Allen S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the virus responsible for the aggressive coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Recently, investigators have stipulated that COVID-19 patients receiving angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) may be subject to poorer outcomes. This editorial presents the available evidence to guide treatment practices during this pandemic. Recent studies from Wuhan cohorts provide valuable information about COVID-19. A cohort with 52 critically ill patients revealed cardiac injury in 12% of patients. Worse outcomes appear to be more prevalent in patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus (DM), possibly due to overexpression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor in airway alveolar epithelial cells. Investigators suspect that SARS-CoV-2 uses the ACE2 receptor to enter the lungs in a mechanism similar to SARS-CoV. Several hypotheses have been proposed to date regarding the net effect of ACEI/ARB on COVID-19 infections. Positive effects include ACE2 receptor blockade, disabling viral entry into the heart and lungs, and an overall decrease in inflammation secondary to ACEI/ARB. Negative effects include a possible retrograde feedback mechanism, by which ACE2 receptors are upregulated. Even though physiological models of SARS-CoV infection show a theoretical benefit of ACEI/ARB, these findings cannot be extrapolated to SARS-CoV-2 causing COVID-19. Major cardiology scientific associations, including ACC, HFSA, AHA, and ESC Hypertension Council, have rejected these correlation hypotheses. After an extensive literature review, we conclude that there is no significant evidence to support an association for now, but given the rapid evolvement of this pandemic, findings may change.
JO  - Current Cardiology Reports
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 22
IS  - 5
PG  - 31-31
SP  - 31
EP  - 31
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11886-020-01291-4
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11886-020-01291-4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Endoscopy units and the COVID-19 Outbreak: A Multi-Center Experience from Italy
AU  - Repici, Alessandro
AU  - Pace, Fabio
AU  - Gabbiadini, Roberto
AU  - Colombo, Matteo
AU  - Hassan, Cesare
AU  - Dinelli, Marco
AU  - Maselli, Roberta
AU  - Spadaccini, Marco
AU  - Mutignani, Massimiliano
AU  - Gabbrielli, Armando
AU  - Signorelli, Clementina
AU  - Spada, Cristiano
AU  - Leoni, Piera
AU  - Fabbri, Carlo
AU  - Segato, Sergio
AU  - Gaffuri, Nicola
AU  - Mangiavillano, Benedetto
AU  - Radaelli, Franco
AU  - Salerno, Raffaele
AU  - Bargiggia, Stefano
AU  - Maroni, Luca
AU  - Benedetti, Antonio
AU  - Occhipinti, Pietro
AU  - De Grazia, Federico
AU  - Ferraris, Luca
AU  - Cengia, Gianpaolo
AU  - Greco, Salvatore
AU  - Alvisi, Costanza
AU  - Scarcelli, Antonella
AU  - De Luca, Luca
AU  - Cereatti, Fabrizio
AU  - Testoni, Pier Alberto
AU  - Mingotto, Roberto
AU  - Aragona, Giovanni
AU  - Manes, Gianpiero
AU  - Beretta, Paolo
AU  - Amvrosiadis, Georgios
AU  - Cennamo, Vincenzo
AU  - Lella, Fausto
AU  - Missale, Guido
AU  - Lagoussis, Pavlos
AU  - Triossi, Omero
AU  - Giovanardi, Mauro
AU  - De Roberto, Giuseppe
AU  - Cantù, Paolo
AU  - Buscarini, Elisabetta
AU  - Anderloni, Andrea
AU  - Carrara, Silvia
AU  - Fugazza, Alessandro
AU  - Galtieri, Piera Alessia
AU  - Pellegatta, Gaia
AU  - Antonelli, Giulio
AU  - Rösch, Thomas
AU  - Sharma, Prateek
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Gastroenterology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2020.04.003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016508520304662
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Towards stronger EU governance of health threats after the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Renda, Andrea
AU  - Castro, Rosa Julieta
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In this article we argue that the pandemic was predictable, and yet the level of preparedness shown by countries around the world, including most advanced economies, was wildly insufficient. For what concerns the European Union, more coordinated action would have been desirable and has also been sought by the European Commission; however, such attempts arrived too late, and were hampered by fragmented governance, as well as by the lack of an EU-wide risk and crisis management framework.
JO  - European Journal of Risk Regulation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-8
SP  - 1
EP  - 8
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/err.2020.34
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/towards-stronger-eu-governance-of-health-threats-after-the-covid19-pandemic/FFA7DDF7964F94FF3BDCCF5E9D7271A1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Treatment considerations for coronavirus (COVID-19)
AU  - Reilly, Joseph
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Hospital Practice
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/21548331.2020.1754618
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/21548331.2020.1754618
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Suicide Mortality and Coronavirus Disease 2019-A Perfect Storm?
AU  - Reger, Mark A.
AU  - Stanley, Ian H.
AU  - Joiner, Thomas E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2020.1060
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Emergency Radiology in 2020: Moving Forward Together
AU  - Redmond, Ciaran E.
AU  - Gibney, Brian
AU  - Nicolaou, Savvas
AU  - Patlas, Michael N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 0846537120918954-0846537120918954
SP  - 0846537120918954
EP  - 0846537120918954
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/0846537120918954
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1177/0846537120918954
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Tackling corona virus disease 2019 (COVID 19) in workplaces
AU  - Ramesh, N.
AU  - Siddaiah, A.
AU  - Joseph, B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronaviruses are zoonotic viruses and six species of Coronaviruses are known to cause human disease such as cause common cold, severe acute respiratory syndrome and the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome. In January 2020, scientists in Wuhan, China isolated a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), responsible for an outbreak of unknown pneumonia that had not been previously reported among humans. This virus spreads from person to person, through respiratory droplets, close contact, and by touching surfaces or objects contaminated by the virus. The incubation period varies between 2 days and 14 days. Symptoms usually include fever, cough, difficulty in breathing, pneumonia, severe acute respiratory syndrome. Older age and co-morbid conditions increase the fatality. Any person with a history of travel to and from COVID-19 affected countries in the past 14 days or any person who has had close contact with a laboratory confirmed COVID-19 are suspect cases and needs evaluation. Currently no vaccine is available and treatment is mainly supportive. Measures at workplace should include-avoiding non-essential travel, identifying and isolating sick employees at the earliest, hand hygiene, respiratory hygiene, environmental hygiene and social distancing.
JO  - Indian Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 24
IS  - 1
PG  - 16-18
SP  - 16
EP  - 18
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4103/ijoem.IJOEM_49_20
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L631420340 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijoem.IJOEM_49_20
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Inpatient and outpatient case prioritization for patients with neuro-oncologic disease amid the COVID-19 pandemic: general guidance for neuro-oncology practitioners from the AANS/CNS Tumor Section and Society for Neuro-Oncology
AU  - Ramakrishna, Rohan
AU  - Zadeh, Gelareh
AU  - Sheehan, Jason P.
AU  - Aghi, Manish K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The Coronavirus pandemic has created unprecedented strain on medical resources at health care institutions around the world. At many institutions, this has resulted in efforts to prioritize cases with an attempt to balance the acuity of medical needs with available resources. Here, we provide a framework for institutions and governments to help adjudicate treatment allocations to patients with neuro-oncologic disease.
JO  - Journal of neuro-oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-5
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11060-020-03488-7
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32274630
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and mental health: A review of the existing literature
AU  - Rajkumar, Ravi Philip
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 pandemic is a major health crisis affecting several nations, with over 720,000 cases and 33,000 confirmed deaths reported to date. Such widespread outbreaks are associated with adverse mental health consequences. Keeping this in mind, existing literature on the COVID-19 outbreak pertinent to mental health was retrieved via a literature search of the PubMed database. Published articles were classified according to their overall themes and summarized. Preliminary evidence suggests that symptoms of anxiety and depression (16–28%) and self-reported stress (8%) are common psychological reactions to the COVID-19 pandemic, and may be associated with disturbed sleep. A number of individual and structural variables moderate this risk. In planning services for such populations, both the needs of the concerned people and the necessary preventive guidelines must be taken into account. The available literature has emerged from only a few of the affected countries, and may not reflect the experience of persons living in other parts of the world. In conclusion, subsyndromal mental health problems are a common response to the COVID-19 pandemic. There is a need for more representative research from other affected countries, particularly in vulnerable populations.
JO  - Asian Journal of Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 102066-102066
SP  - 102066
EP  - 102066
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102066
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876201820301775
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical and surgical consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic for patients with pediatric urological problems: Statement of the EAU guidelines panel for paediatric urology, March 30 2020
AU  - Quaedackers, Josine S. L. T.
AU  - Stein, Raimund
AU  - Bhatt, Nikita
AU  - Dogan, Hasan Serkan
AU  - Hoen, Lisette
AU  - Nijman, Rien J. M.
AU  - Radmayr, Christian
AU  - Silay, Mesrur Selcuk
AU  - Tekgul, Serdar
AU  - Bogaert, Guy
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Summary The COVID-19-pandemic forces hospitals to reorganize into a dual patient flow system. Healthcare professionals are forced to make decisions in patient prioritization throughout specialties. Most pediatric urology pathologies do not require immediate or urgent care, however, delay may compromise future renal function or fertility. Contact with patients and parents, either physical in safe conditions or by (video)telephone must continue. The Paediatric-Urology-Guidelines-panel of the EAU proposes recommendations on prioritization of care. Pediatric-Urology program directors must ensure education, safety and attention for mental health of staff. Upon resumption of care, adequate prioritization must ensure minimal impact on outcome.
JO  - Journal of Pediatric Urology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpurol.2020.04.007
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477513120301054
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mental Wellness system for COVID-19
AU  - Qiu, Jian-Yin
AU  - Zhou, Dong-Sheng
AU  - Liu, Jian
AU  - Yuan, Ti-Fei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Brain, Behavior, and Immunity
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.032
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0889159120304025
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Dual-Functional Plasmonic Photothermal Biosensors for Highly Accurate Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Detection
AU  - Qiu, Guangyu
AU  - Gai, Zhibo
AU  - Tao, Yile
AU  - Schmitt, Jean
AU  - Kullak-Ublick, Gerd A.
AU  - Wang, Jing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The ongoing outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has spread globally and poses a threat to public health in more than 200 countries. Reliable laboratory diagnosis of the disease has been one of the foremost priorities for promoting public health interventions. The routinely used reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is currently the reference method for COVID-19 diagnosis. However, it also reported a number of false-positive or -negative cases, especially in the early stages of the novel virus outbreak. In this work, a dual-functional plasmonic biosensor combining the plasmonic photothermal (PPT) effect and localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) sensing transduction provides an alternative and promising solution for the clinical COVID-19 diagnosis. The two-dimensional gold nanoislands (AuNIs) functionalized with complementary DNA receptors can perform a sensitive detection of the selected sequences from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) through nucleic acid hybridization. For better sensing performance, the thermoplasmonic heat is generated on the same AuNIs chip when illuminated at their plasmonic resonance frequency. The localized PPT heat is capable to elevate the in situ hybridization temperature and facilitate the accurate discrimination of two similar gene sequences. Our dual-functional LSPR biosensor exhibits a high sensitivity toward the selected SARS-CoV-2 sequences with a lower detection limit down to the concentration of 0.22 pM and allows precise detection of the specific target in a multigene mixture. This study gains insight into the thermoplasmonic enhancement and its applicability in the nucleic acid tests and viral disease diagnosis.
JO  - ACS Nano
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1021/acsnano.0c02439
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.0c02439
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Nonpharmaceutical interventions and epidemic intensity during the 2019 novel coronavirus disease pandemic
AU  - Qin, Gang
AU  - Zhang, Lei
AU  - Yu, Cheng-Jun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa432
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa432/5819528
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Analysis of baseline liver biochemical parameters in 324 cases with novel coronavirus pneumonia in Shanghai area]
AU  - Qian, Z. P.
AU  - Mei, X.
AU  - Zhang, Y. Y.
AU  - Zou, Y.
AU  - Zhang, Z. G.
AU  - Zhu, H.
AU  - Guo, H. Y.
AU  - Liu, Y.
AU  - Ling, Y.
AU  - Zhang, X. Y.
AU  - Wang, J. F.
AU  - Lu, H. Z.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To summarize the clinical characteristics and liver biochemical parameters of 324 cases admitted with novel coronavirus pneumonia in Shanghai area. Methods: Clinical data and baseline liver biochemical parameters of 324 cases with novel coronavirus pneumonia admitted to the Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center from January 20, 2020 to February 24, 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups based on the status of illness: mild type (mild and typical) and severe type (severe and critical).The differences in clinical data and baseline liver biochemical parameters of the two groups were described and compared. The t-test and Wilcoxon rank-sum test were used for measurement data. The enumeration data were expressed by frequency and rate, and chi-square test was used. Results: Of the 324 cases with novel coronavirus pneumonia, 26 were severe cases (8%), with median onset of 5 days, 20 cases were HBsAg positive (6.2%), and 70 cases (21.6%) with fatty liver, diagnosed with X-ray computed tomography. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT), total bilirubin (TBil), albumin(ALB) and international normalized ratio (INR) of 324 cases at baseline were 27.86 ± 20.02 U/L, 29.33 ± 21.02 U/L, 59.93 ± 18.96 U / L, 39.00 ± 54.44 U/L, 9.46 ± 4.58 μmol / L, 40.64 ± 4.13 g / L and 1.02 ± 0.10. Of which, ALT was > than the upper limit of normal (> ULN), accounting for 15.7% (51/324). ALT and AST > ULN, accounting for 10.5% (34/324). ALP > ULN, accounting for 1.2% (4/324). ALP and GGT > ULN, accounting for 0.9% (3/324). INR > ULN was lowest, accounting for 0.6% (2/324). There were no statistically significant differences (P > 0.05) in ALT [(21.5 vs. 26) U / L, P = 0.093], ALP [(57 vs.59) U/L, P = 0.674], and GGT [(24 vs.28) U/L, P = 0.101] between the severe group and the mild group. There were statistically significant differences in AST (23 U/L vs. 34 U/L, P < 0.01), TBil (10.75 vs. 8.05 μmol / L, P < 0.01), ALB (35.79 ± 4.75 vs. 41.07 ± 3.80 g/L, P < 0.01), and INR (1.00 vs. 1.04, P < 0.01). Conclusion: The baseline liver biochemical parameters of 324 cases with novel coronavirus pneumonia in Shanghai area was comparatively lower and the liverinjury degree was mild, and the bile duct cell damage was rare. 目的： 总结上海地区324例新型冠状病毒肺炎患者入院初肝脏生物化学指标的临床特点。 方法： 回顾性分析2020年1月20日至2020年2月24日上海市公共卫生临床中心收治的324例新型冠状病毒肺炎患者的临床资料和基线肝脏生物化学指标，按照病情分为轻症（轻型及普通型）和重症（重型及危重型）患者两组，描述并比较两组的临床资料和基线肝脏生物化学指标差异。计量资料采用t检验和Wilcoxon秩和检验，计数资料采用频数和率表示，并进行χ(2)检验。 结果： 324例新型冠状病毒肺炎患者中重症患者26例（8%），发病天数中位数为5 d，20例患者HBsAg阳性（6.2%），经X线计算机断层摄影术诊断为脂肪肝患者70例（21.6%）。324例患者基线丙氨酸转氨酶（27.86±20.02）U/L，天冬氨酸转氨酶（29.33±21.02）U/L，碱性磷酸酶（59.93±18.96）U/L，γ-谷氨酰转移酶（39.00±54.44）U/L，总胆红素（9.46±4.58）μmol/L，白蛋白（40.64±4.13）g/L，国际标准化比值1.02±0.10，其中丙氨酸转氨酶>正常值上限（ULN）占15.7%（51/324），丙氨酸转氨酶和天冬氨酸转氨酶均> ULN占10.5%（34/324），碱性磷酸酶> ULN占1.2%（4/324）,碱性磷酸酶和γ-谷氨酰转移酶均> ULN占0.9%（3/324），国际标准化比值> ULN比例最低为0.6%（2/324）。重症组与轻症组相比丙氨酸转氨酶（21.5 U/L比26.0 U/L，P = 0.093）、碱性磷酸酶（57 U/L比59 U/L，P = 0.674）、γ-谷氨酰转移酶（24 U/L比28 U/L，P = 0.101）差异均无统计学意义（P值均> 0.05），天冬氨酸转氨酶（23 U/L比34 U/L，P < 0.01），总胆红素（10. 5 μmol/L比8.05 μmol/L，P < 0.01）、白蛋白[（35.79±4.75） g/L比（41.07±3.80）g/L，P < 0.01]、国际标准化比值（1.00比1.04，P < 0.01）差异均有统计学意义。 结论： 上海地区324例新型冠状病毒肺炎患者基线肝脏生物化学指标异常比例较低且肝损伤程度轻，胆管细胞损伤少见。.
JO  - Zhonghua gan zang bing za zhi = Zhonghua ganzangbing zazhi = Chinese journal of hepatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 28
IS  - 0
PG  - E005-E005
SP  - E005
EP  - E005
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20200229-00076
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32270660
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 with Limb Ischemic necrosis
AU  - Qian, Song-Zan
AU  - Pan, Jing-Ye
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2020.03.063
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S105307702030313X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Duration of SARS-CoV-2 viral shedding during COVID-19 infection
AU  - Qian, Guo-Qing
AU  - Chen, Xue-Qin
AU  - Lv, Ding-Feng
AU  - Ma, Ada Hoi Yan
AU  - Wang, Li-Ping
AU  - Yang, Nai-Bin
AU  - Chen, Xiao-Min
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/23744235.2020.1748705
UR  - https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/23744235.2020.1748705
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Including people with disability in the COVID-19 outbreak emergency preparedness and response in China
AU  - Qi, Fei
AU  - Hu, Luanjiao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - With the outbreak of the COVID-19, China had to declare a public health emergency within a short time. In order to control and prevent further spread of the disease, China activated the highest emergency response level and has been implementing many draconian measures based on the Law on Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Diseases (LPTID). However, the LPTID lacks a disability perspective and overlooks the needs of people with disabilities during emergencies to a large extent. Combining the law and disability perspectives, this article analyzes different Articles of the LPTID and points out its inadequacies regarding the emergency preparedness and response plans in the midst of a major public health crisis. Besides, the experiences of some people with disabilities being affected are shared in the article. This article calls for nations to ensure amendments of their legal frameworks regarding public health and emergency preparedness fully engage a rights-based disability perspective.
JO  - Disability & Society
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-6
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/09687599.2020.1752622
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/09687599.2020.1752622
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Learning from Adversity: Lessons from the COVID-19 Crisis
AU  - Putman, Michael S.
AU  - Ruderman, Eric M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - One month into the COVID-19 crisis in the US, rheumatologists have begun to feel the effects of our hastily constructed temporary response plans. While we may not be staffing the front lines with our colleagues in emergency medicine and critical care, our patients are uniquely vulnerable to infection and continue to require care.
JO  - The Journal of rheumatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3899/jrheum.200411
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32269063
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Health-Related-Quality of Life in Common Variable Immunodeficiency Italian patients switched to remote assistance during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Pulvirenti, Federica
AU  - Cinetto, Francesco
AU  - Milito, Cinzia
AU  - Bonanni, Livia
AU  - Pesce, Anna Maria
AU  - Leodori, Giorgia
AU  - Garzi, Giulia
AU  - Miglionico, Marzia
AU  - Tabolli, Stefano
AU  - Quinti, Isabella
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: A rapidly expanding epidemic of the new coronavirus has become the focus of global scientific attention. Data are lacking on impact of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on Health-Related Quality of Life among patients affected by Primary Antibody Deficiencies. AIM OF THE STUDY: to identify factors impacting the Health-Related-Quality of Life among Italian patients affected by Primary Antibody Deficiencies switched to remote assistance at the time of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: Survey on quality of life in 158 Primary Antibody Deficiency patients measured by the CVID_QoL, a disease-specific tool, and by the GHQ-12, a generic tool to assess the risk of anxiety/depression. Since the beginning of COVID-19 epidemic, we shifted all PAD patients to home therapy, and activated remote visits. Questionnaires were sent by email four weeks later. CVID_QoL and GHQ-12 data scores were compared with the same set of data from a survey done in 2017. RESULTS: Of 210 patients, 158 (75%) agreed to participate. The quality of life worse in the group of patients who become at risk of anxiety/depression at the study time. Health-Related-Quality of Life was similar in patients forced to shift from hospital-based to home-based immunoglobulin treatment and in patients who continued their usual home-based replacement. The risk of anxiety/depression is associated to SARS-CoV-2 pandemia and to patients' fragility, and not to related clinical conditions associated with Common Variable Immune Deficiencies. The anxiety to run out of medications is a major new issue. CONCLUSIONS: COVID-19 epidemic impacted HRQoL and the risk of anxiety/depression of PAD patients. The remote assistance program was a useful possibility to limit personal contacts without influencing the HRQoL.
JO  - The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jaip.2020.04.003
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and endocrine diseases. A statement from the European Society of Endocrinology
AU  - Puig-Domingo, M.
AU  - Marazuela, M.
AU  - Giustina, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Endocrine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12020-020-02294-5
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12020-020-02294-5
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Evaluate Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infectivity by Pseudoviral Particles
AU  - Pu, Tao
AU  - Ding, Chen
AU  - Li, Yadong
AU  - Liu, Xiaojuan
AU  - Li, Haiwei
AU  - Duan, Jinmei
AU  - Zhang, Heng
AU  - Bi, Yanwei
AU  - Cun, Wei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in humans in late 2019, it has rapidly spread worldwide. To identify the biological characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 in a normal laboratory environment (BSL-2), a lentiviral-based nucleocapsid was used to carry the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 onto the surface of pseudoviral particles as a surrogate model to evaluate the infective characterization of SARS-CoV-2. This study indicated that SARS-CoV-2 has extensive tissue tropism for humans and may infect monkeys and tree shrews but not rodents. More importantly, the use of pseudoviral particles in this study allows rapid assessment of neutralizing antibodies in serum in a BSL-2 laboratory. This study will provide a quick and easy tool for evaluating neutralizing antibodies in the serum of recovering patients and assessing the potency of candidate vaccines. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25865
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Neonatal COVID-19: little evidence and the need for more information
AU  - Procianoy, Renato Soibelmann
AU  - Silveira, Rita C.
AU  - Manzoni, Paolo
AU  - Sant’Anna, Guilherme
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Jornal de Pediatria
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2020.04.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021755720301431
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Strategic Dermatology Clinical Operations During COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Price, Kyla N.
AU  - Thiede, Rebecca
AU  - Shi, Vivian Y.
AU  - Curiel-Lewandrowski, Clara
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.03.089
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: its impact on dental schools in Italy, clinical problems in endodontic therapy and general considerations
AU  - Prati, C.
AU  - Pelliccioni, G. A.
AU  - Sambri, V.
AU  - Chersoni, S.
AU  - Gandolfi, M. G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International Endodontic Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 53
IS  - 5
PG  - 723-725
SP  - 723
EP  - 725
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/iej.13291
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/iej.13291
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Use of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs in Urological Practice in the COVID-19 Era: Is “Safe Better than Sorry”?
AU  - Pradère, Benjamin
AU  - Ploussard, Guillaume
AU  - Catto, James W. F.
AU  - Rouprêt, Morgan
AU  - Misrai, Vincent
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Urology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2020.03.033
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0302283820302086
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Medically-Necessary, Time-Sensitive Procedures: A Scoring System to Ethically and Efficiently Manage Resource Scarcity and Provider Risk During the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Prachand, Vivek N.
AU  - Milner, Ross
AU  - Angelos, Peter
AU  - Posner, Mitchell C.
AU  - Fung, John J.
AU  - Agrawal, Nishant
AU  - Jeevanandam, Valluvan
AU  - Matthews, Jeffrey B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Hospitals have severely curtailed the performance of non-urgent surgical procedures in anticipation of the need to redeploy healthcare resources to meet the projected massive medical needs of patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Surgical treatment of non-COVID-19 related disease during this period, however, still remains necessary. The decision to proceed with Medically-Necessary, Time-Sensitive (MeNTS) procedures in the setting of the COVID-19 pandemic requires incorporation of factors (resource limitations, COVID-19 transmission risk to providers and patients) heretofore not overtly considered by surgeons in the already complicated processes of clinical judgment and shared decision-making. We describe a scoring system that systematically integrates these factors to facilitate decision-making and triage for MeNTS procedures and appropriately weighs individual patient risks with the ethical necessity of optimizing public health concerns. This approach is applicable across a broad range of hospital settings (academic and community, urban and rural) in the midst of the pandemic and may be able to inform case triage as OR capacity resumes once the acute phase of the pandemic subsides.
JO  - Journal of the American College of Surgeons
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2020.04.011
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Academic Radiology Departmental Operational Strategy Related to the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Prabhakar, Anand M.
AU  - Glover, McKinley
AU  - Schaefer, Pamela W.
AU  - Brink, James A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American College of Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacr.2020.04.004
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1546144020303781
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Slowdown of urology residents' learning curve during COVID-19 emergency
AU  - Porpiglia, Francesco
AU  - Checcucci, Enrico
AU  - Amparore, Daniele
AU  - Verri, Paolo
AU  - Campi, Riccardo
AU  - Claps, Francesco
AU  - Esperto, Franceso
AU  - Fiori, Cristian
AU  - Carrieri, Giuseppe
AU  - Ficarra, Vincenzo
AU  - Scarpa, Roberto Mario
AU  - Dasgupta, Prokar
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has rapidly been spreading worldwide and Italy has been hit hard, forced the Italian Healthcare System to change and adapt to these extreme conditions. The Urology Department daily activities were drastically reduced and limited only to non-deferrable procedures and the entire organogram were reorganized following a rigorous flow-chart. It's evident that this unprecedent scenario is having an impact on residents training program, considering that it is very difficult to predict the duration of emergency. The urology residents do not have the opportunity to carry out clinical activities nor to be tutored, as the senior physicians are engaged in the emergency's management.
JO  - BJU international
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/bju.15076
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in a tertiary hospital from Romania: Epidemiology, preparedness and clinical challenges
AU  - Popescu, Corneliu Petru
AU  - Marin, Alexandru
AU  - Melinte, Violeta
AU  - Gherlan, George Sebastian
AU  - Banicioiu, Filofteia Cojanu
AU  - Dogaru, Adelina
AU  - Smadu, Sebastian
AU  - Veja, Ana Maria
AU  - Nedu, Elena
AU  - Stanciu, Delia
AU  - Voinescu, Bianca
AU  - Simion, Valentina
AU  - Toderan, Andreea
AU  - Dascalu, Amalia
AU  - Oprisan, Corina
AU  - Tardei, Gratiela
AU  - Nica, Maria
AU  - Ceausu, Emanoil
AU  - Ruta, Simona Maria
AU  - Florescu, Simin Aysel
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101662-101662
SP  - 101662
EP  - 101662
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101662
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893920301307
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical Characteristics of Patients Hospitalized with Coronavirus Disease, Thailand
AU  - Pongpirul, Wannarat A.
AU  - Mott, Joshua A.
AU  - Woodring, Joseph V.
AU  - Uyeki, Timothy M.
AU  - MacArthur, John R.
AU  - Vachiraphan, Apichart
AU  - Suwanvattana, Pawita
AU  - Uttayamakul, Sumonmal
AU  - Chunsuttiwat, Supamit
AU  - Chotpitayasunondh, Tawee
AU  - Pongpirul, Krit
AU  - Prasithsirikul, Wisit
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Among 11 patients in Thailand infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, we detected viral RNA in upper respiratory specimens a median of 14 days after illness onset and 9 days after fever resolution. We identified viral co-infections and an asymptomatic person with detectable virus RNA in serial tests. We describe implications for surveillance.
JO  - Emerging infectious diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 26
IS  - 7
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3201/eid2607.200598
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32267826
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical evaluation of the cobas SARS-CoV-2 test and a diagnostic platform switch during 48 hours in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Poljak, Mario
AU  - Korva, Miša
AU  - Knap Gašper, Nataša
AU  - Fujs Komloš, Kristina
AU  - Sagadin, Martin
AU  - Uršič, Tina
AU  - Avšič Županc, Tatjana
AU  - Petrovec, Miroslav
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p> Laboratories are currently witnessing extraordinary demand globally for sampling devices, reagents, consumables, and diagnostic instruments needed for timely diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection. To meet diagnostic needs as the pandemic grows, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recently granted several commercial SARS-CoV-2 tests Emergency Use Authorization (EUA), but manufacturer-independent evaluation data are scarce. We performed the first manufacturer-independent evaluation of the fully automated sample-to-result two-target test cobas 6800 SARS-CoV-2 (cobas) (Roche Molecular Systems, Branchburg, NJ), which received US FDA EUA on March 12, 2020. The comparator was a standardized 3-hour SARS-CoV-2 protocol, consisting of RNA extraction using an automated portable instrument, followed by a two-target RT-PCR, which our laboratory has routinely used since January 2020 (Corman VM et al. EuroSurveill 25 (3):2000045). Cobas and the comparator showed overall agreement of 98.1% and a kappa value of 0.95 on an in-house validation panel consisting of 217 well-characterized retrospective samples. Immediate prospective head-to-head comparative evaluation followed on 502 samples, and the diagnostic approaches showed overall percent agreement of 99.6% and a kappa value of 0.98. A good correlation ( <italic>r</italic> <sup>2</sup> = 0.96) between cycle threshold values for SARS-CoV-2 specific targets obtained by cobas and the comparator was observed. Our results showed that cobas is a reliable assay for qualitative detection of SARS-CoV-2 in nasopharyngeal swab samples collected in the UTM-RT system. Under the extraordinary circumstances that laboratories are facing worldwide, a safe diagnostic platform switch is feasible in only 48 hours and in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic if carefully planned and executed. </p>
JO  - Journal of Clinical Microbiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1128/JCM.00599-20
UR  - http://jcm.asm.org/lookup/doi/10.1128/JCM.00599-20
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Asymptomatic case of Covid-19 in an infant with Cystic Fibrosis
AU  - Poli, Piercarlo
AU  - Timpano, Silviana
AU  - Goffredo, Martina
AU  - Padoan, Rita
AU  - Badolato, Raffaele
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Cystic Fibrosis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcf.2020.03.017
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1569199320300965
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus (COVID-19), First Indication of Efficacy of Gene-Eden-VIR/Novirin in SARS-CoV-2 Infections
AU  - Polansky, Hanan
AU  - Lori, Gillad
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 105971-105971
SP  - 105971
EP  - 105971
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105971
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S092485792030128X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Spectrum of Neurologic Disease in the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Pandemic Infection: Neurologists Move to the Frontlines
AU  - Pleasure, Samuel J.
AU  - Green, Ari J.
AU  - Josephson, S. Andrew
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA neurology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.1065
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32275291
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The management of biologics in dermatologic patients in the 2019-nCoV era
AU  - Plachouri, Kerasia-Maria
AU  - Georgiou, Sophia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of dermatological treatment
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-1
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/09546634.2020.1749544
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Caring for Patients With Cancer During the COVID-19 Outbreak in Italy
AU  - Pietrantonio, Filippo
AU  - Garassino, Marina Chiara
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jamaoncol.2020.1426
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Echocardiography in the Time of COVID-19
AU  - Picard, Michael H.
AU  - Weiner, Rory B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.echo.2020.04.011
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0894731720302224
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Photopolarimetrical properties of coronavirus model particles: spike proteins number influence
AU  - Petrov, Dmitry
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus virions have spherical shape surrounded by spike proteins. The coronavirus spike proteins are very effective molecular mechanisms, which provide the coronavirus entrance to the host cell. The number of these spikes is different; it dramatically depends on external conditions and determines the degree of danger of the virus. A larger number of spike proteins makes the virus infectivity stronger. This paper describes a mathematical model of the shape of coronavirus virions. Based on this model, the characteristics of light scattered by the coronavirus virions were calculated. It was found two main features of coronavirus model particles in the spectral region near 200nm: a minimum of intensity and a sharp leap of the linear polarization degree. The effect of the spike protein number on the intensity and polarization properties of the scattered light was studied. It was determined that when the number of spike proteins decreases, both the intensity minimum and the position of the linear polarization leap shift to shorter wavelengths. This allows us to better evaluate the shape of the coronavirus virion, and, therefore, the infectious danger of the virus. It was shown that the shorter the wavelength of scattered light, the more reliably one can distinguish viruses from non-viruses. The developed model and the light scattering simulations based on it can be applied not only to coronaviruses, but also to other objects of a similar structure, for example, pollen.
JO  - Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 107005-107005
SP  - 107005
EP  - 107005
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jqsrt.2020.107005
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022407320302363
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The use of Janus kinase inhibitors in the time of SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Peterson, Danielle
AU  - Damsky, William
AU  - King, Brett
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.03.099
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Re: “Strategy for the practice of digestive and oncological surgery during the Covid-19 epidemic”
AU  - Pessaux, Patrick
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Visceral Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jviscsurg.2020.04.005
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878788620301077
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Possible Consequences of a Shortage of Hydroxychloroquine for Lupus Patients Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Peschken, Christine A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As the COVID-19 pandemic took hold in North America, rheumatology clinics across the continent were inundated with phone calls from lupus patients understandably fearful of COVID-19. One of the most common questions from patients was whether they should stop taking their lupus medications.
JO  - The Journal of rheumatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3899/jrheum.200395
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32269064
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Ongoing Clinical Trials for the Management of the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Lythgoe, Mark P.
AU  - Middleton, Paul
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 has rapidly developed into a worldwide pandemic with a significant health and economic burden. There are currently no approved treatments or preventative therapeutic strategies. Hundreds of clinical studies have been registered with the intention of discovering effective treatments. Here, we review currently registered interventional clinical trials for the treatment and prevention of COVID-19 to provide an overall summary and insight into the global response.
JO  - Trends in Pharmacological Sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tips.2020.03.006
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165614720300705
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Fibre-optic tracheal intubation in COVID-19 – not so fast
AU  - Lyons, C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - British Journal of Anaesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bja.2020.04.005
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0007091220302154
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Practical Steps to Improve Air Flow in Long-Term Care Resident Rooms to Reduce COVID-19 Infection Risk
AU  - Lynch, Richard M.
AU  - Goring, Reginald
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The potential for spread of COVID-19 infections in Skilled Nursing Facilities and other Long-Term Care sites poses new challenges for Nursing Home Administrators to protect patients and staff. It is anticipated that as Acute Care Hospitals reach capacity, Nursing Homes may retain COVID-19 infected residents longer prior to transferring to an Acute Care Hospital. This article outlines 5 pragmatic steps that Long-Term Care facilities can take to manage airflow within resident rooms to reduce the potential for spread of infectious airborne droplets into surrounding areas including hallways and adjacent rooms, using strategies adapted from negative pressure isolation rooms in acute care facilities.
JO  - Journal of the American Medical Directors Association
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1525861020303200
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Nuclear medicine in SARS-CoV-2 pandemia: 18F-FDG-PET/CT tovisualize COVID-19 TT - Nuklearmedizin zu Zeiten der SARS-CoV-2 Pandemie: 18F-FDG-PET/CT zur Visualisierung von COVID-19
AU  - Lutje, Susanne
AU  - Marinova, Milka
AU  - Kutting, Daniel
AU  - Attenberger, Ulrike
AU  - Essler, Markus
AU  - Bundschuh, Ralph Alexander
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The current outbreak of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has reached multiple countries worldwide. While the number of newly diagnosed cases and fatalities is rising quickly, far-reaching measures were enacted to prevent further spread. Diagnosis relies on clinical presentation, exposure history, PCR using specimens from the respiratory tract together with computed tomography (CT) imaging. One of the hallmarks of a critical course of COVID-19 is the development of severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). As management of COVID-19 can be considered a multi-disciplinary approach involving various medical specialties, we here review the first 18F-FDG-PET/CT scans of COVID-19 to discuss how Nuclear Medicine could contribute to management of this disease. Der Ausbruch des Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 hat inzwischen viele Lander weltweit erreicht. Trotz weitreichender MaSSnahmen zur Eindammung der Ausbreitung steigen die Fallzahlen kontinuierlich weiter. Die Diagnose der durch SARS-CoV-2 hervorgerufenen COVID-19 Erkrankung erfolgt mittels Polymerasekettenreaktion aus Proben des Respirationstrakts und computertomographischer Bildgebung der Lunge. Die Erkrankung kann asymptomatisch oder mild verlaufen und sich mit Fieber oder trockenem Husten manifestieren. Eine gefurchtete schwere Verlaufsform von COVID-19 ist die Entwicklung eines ARDS (acute respiratory distress syndrome). Da insbesondere schwere Krankheitsverlaufe oftmals eine multidisziplinare Vorgehensweise erfordern, besprechen wir hier anhand einiger 18F-FDG-PET/CT Fallbeispiele, welche Rolle die Nuklearmedizin bei COVID-19 einnehmen konnte.
JO  - Nuklearmedizin. Nuclear medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1055/a-1152-2341
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Lung Injury is Not High Altitude Pulmonary Edema
AU  - Luks, Andrew
AU  - Freer, Luanne
AU  - Grissom, Colin
AU  - McIntosh, Scott E.
AU  - Schoene, Robert B.
AU  - Swenson, Erik
AU  - Hackett, Peter H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Not applicable.
JO  - High altitude medicine & biology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1089/ham.2020.0055
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - TELEUROLOGY IN THE TIME OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC: HERE TO STAY?
AU  - Luciani, L. G.
AU  - Mattevi, D.
AU  - Cai, T.
AU  - Giusti, G.
AU  - Proietti, S.
AU  - Malossini, G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - ABSTRACT Objectives To assess the implementation and outcomes of telemedicine in a Department of Urology in Northern Italy during the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic. Methods All the outpatient clinical activities during the 4 weeks following the national lockdown (March 9-April 3, 2020) in the Department of Urology of the Trento Province, Italy, were reviewed and categorized. Expert staff members examined the electronic records, selecting whether the clinic appointments should be canceled or confirmed (via telephone consultation or face-to-face visit). The rate, indication, and modality of visits were investigated. Results Overall, 415 of 928 (45%) scheduled patients canceled their clinic appointment themselves or were canceled by staff members without rescheduling. The remaining 523 (55%) cases were screened undergoing telephone consultation in 295 (56%) and face-to-face visit in 228 (44%). The rate of face-to-face visit decreased from 63% to 9% during week 1 and 4, respectively. 74% of face-to-face visits regarded suspected recurrent or new onset malignancy or potentially dangerous clinical conditions (severe urinary symptoms or complicated urinary stones or infection). The median age of patients in the face-to-face and telephone groups was 59 (range 20-69) and 65 years old (range 37-88), respectively. Conclusions A pandemic is a dynamic scenario, requiring reorganization and flexibility of the healthcare delivery. 45% visits were canceled without rescheduling. Although a minimum portion of face-to-face visit (<10% one month after the lockdown) was preserved mostly for suspected malignancy or potentially life-threatening conditions, telemedicine proved a pragmatic approach allowing efficient screening of cases and adequate protection for patients and clinicians.
JO  - Urology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2020.04.004
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0090429520303836
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Reusable Mask for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
AU  - Luan, Phan Thien
AU  - Tak-Shing Ching, Congo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of Novel Coronavirus is causing an intensely feared globally. World Health Organization has even declared that it is a global health emergency. The simplest method to limit the spread of this new virus and for people to protect themselves as well as the others is to wear a mask in crowded places. The sudden increase demand on face mask has caused manufacturers the inability to not provide enough products in a short time and the situation properly will stay the same for a period of time. In this article, we aim to give an idea on how to save the number of face masks used but still provides the same protective values using a Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) mask and a common surgical facemask.
JO  - Archives of Medical Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arcmed.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0188440920303325
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A potential inhibitory role for integrin in the receptor targeting of SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Luan, Junwen
AU  - Lu, Yue
AU  - Gao, Shan
AU  - Zhang, Leiliang
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.046
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.046
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Social media WeChat infers the development trend of COVID-19
AU  - Lu, Yue
AU  - Zhang, Leiliang
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.050
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.050
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Experience of a Radiation Oncology Center Operating in the COVID-19 Outbreak
AU  - Lu, Jiade J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Advances in Radiation Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adro.2020.04.003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452109420300749
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Reflections on COVID-19
AU  - Lowe, Nancy K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jogn.2020.04.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0884217520300459
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Obstetric Anaemia in Africa in the Time of COVID-19: A Call to Action
AU  - Louise Barrett, Claire
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract As we face the COVID-19 pandemic, shortages of blood and components are a global concern. Yet Africa has struggled to maintain a sustainable safe blood supply prior to the pandemic. The impact of COVID-19 on an already fragile blood supply could result in devastating consequences for obstetric patients, adding to the burden of maternal mortality on the African continent. Application of the principles of Patient Blood Management in the obstetric population has previously been recommended. In the light of the COVD-19 pandemic, these cost effective and safe principles should be applied with urgency in Africa in an attempt to reduce maternal mortality in the wake of the pandemic.
JO  - ISBT Science Series
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/voxs.12555
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/voxs.12555
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - “We’re staying at home”. Association of self-perceptions of aging, personal and family resources and loneliness with psychological distress during the lock-down period of COVID-19
AU  - Losada-Baltar, Andrés
AU  - Jiménez-Gonzalo, Lucía
AU  - Gallego-Alberto, Laura
AU  - Pedroso-Chaparro, María del Sequeros
AU  - Fernandes-Pires, José
AU  - Márquez-González, María
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journals of Gerontology: Series B
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/geronb/gbaa048
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/psychsocgerontology/advance-article/doi/10.1093/geronb/gbaa048/5819592
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and dengue fever: A dangerous combination for the health system in Brazil
AU  - Lorenz, Camila
AU  - Azevedo, Thiago S.
AU  - Chiaravalloti-Neto, Francisco
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Travel medicine and infectious disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101659-101659
SP  - 101659
EP  - 101659
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101659
UR  - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1477893920301277 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32278756
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: Japan declares state of emergency as Tokyo cases soar
AU  - Looi, Mun-Keat
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Japan has declared a month long state of emergency in seven major prefectures after a spike in the number of covid-19 cases. The largest rises are in the Tokyo metropolitan area, which saw the number of cases double in five days to over 1000 (now standing at nearly 1400). On 9 April Japan had a total of 5002 official cases (excluding 712 cases on the Diamond Princess cruise ship), 116 deaths, and 1270 recovered (including on the Diamond Princess), according to public broadcaster NHK.1 On 7 April, Prime Minister Shinzo Abe declared a state of emergency until 6 May in Tokyo and the neighbouring Chiba, Saitama, and Kanagawa prefectures, Hyogo, and the industry and business hubs of Osaka and Fukouka. Abe said that the aim was to reduce social contact with others by at least 70%, ideally 80%, which could see the country curb the peak …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1447-m1447
SP  - m1447
EP  - m1447
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1447
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1447
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - News & Reports EMS to stop during coronavirus outbreak
AU  - Loeb, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Veterinary Record
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 186
IS  - 11
PG  - 334
SP  - 334
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/vr.m1122
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L631328500 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.m1122
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: How to Prepare for the Pandemic?
AU  - Lodha, Rakesh
AU  - Kabra, S. K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Indian Journal of Pediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12098-020-03293-0
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12098-020-03293-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Six ways to juggle science and childcare from home
AU  - Lloyd, Robin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-01060-x
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Highlights for management of patients with Autoimmune Liver Disease during COVID-19 pandemia
AU  - Lleo, Ana
AU  - Invernizzi, Pietro
AU  - Lohse, Ansgar W.
AU  - Aghemo, Alessio
AU  - Carbone, Marco
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Hepatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2020.04.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168827820302129
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recommendations for Surgery During the Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Epidemic
AU  - Liu, Zheng
AU  - Zhang, Yawei
AU  - Wang, Xishan
AU  - Zhang, Daming
AU  - Diao, Dechang
AU  - Chandramohan, K.
AU  - Booth, Christopher M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The whole world is going through an unprecedented period during the pandemic of COVID-19. This pandemic has affected all aspects of daily life with far-reaching implications, especially in most aspects of healthcare. Practice of surgery across the globe is in a standstill as of now. When we restart surgical practices across world, we have to bring new protocols and practices in place to combat the transmission. This article discusses the major changes in surgical practice, which need to be brought in. This article is based on scientific information about transmission of virus and experiences of some of the authors from China, a country which successfully dealt with and contained the virus outbreak.
JO  - Indian Journal of Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-5
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12262-020-02173-3
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12262-020-02173-3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Conjunctiva is not a preferred gateway of entry for SARS-CoV-2 to infect respiratory tract
AU  - Liu, Zhe
AU  - Sun, Chuan-Bin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The conjunctival mucosa is directly exposed to infectious droplets expelled by patients during close contact and fomites when the eye is touched by contaminated hands.(2, 3) More over, the mucosa of the conjunctiva and upper respiratory tract is connected by nasolacrimal duct, and share the same entry receptor of SARS-CoV-2, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), on host cell membranes.(2, 3) Hence, it is reasonable to postulate that the conjunctiva may be easily involved in SARS-CoV-2 infection, and may even act as a route of transmission during SARS-CoV-2 infection. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25859
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Lymphocyte subset (CD4+, CD8+) counts reflect the severity of infection and predict the clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19
AU  - Liu, Zeming
AU  - Long, Wei
AU  - Tu, Mengqi
AU  - Chen, Sichao
AU  - Huang, Yihui
AU  - Wang, Shipei
AU  - Zhou, Wei
AU  - Chen, Danyang
AU  - Zhou, Ling
AU  - Wang, Min
AU  - Wu, Meng
AU  - Huang, Qi
AU  - Xu, Haibo
AU  - Zeng, Wen
AU  - Guo, Liang
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.054
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.054
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as an independent risk factor for mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19
AU  - Liu, Yuwei
AU  - Du, Xuebei
AU  - Chen, Jing
AU  - Jin, Yalei
AU  - Peng, Li
AU  - Wang, Harry H. X.
AU  - Luo, Mingqi
AU  - Chen, Ling
AU  - Zhao, Yan
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - BackgroundSeveral studies have described the clinical characteristics of patients with novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2)-infected pneumonia (COVID-19), indicating severe patients tended to have higher neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR). Whether baseline NLR could be an independent predictor of in-hospital death in Chinese COVID-19 patients remains to be investigated.
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.04.002
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.04.002
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Understanding of guidance for acupuncture and moxibustion interventions on COVID-19 (Second edition) issued by CAAM
AU  - Liu, W. H.
AU  - Guo, S. N.
AU  - Wang, F.
AU  - Hao, Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - At present, the situation of global fight against COVID-19 is serious. WHO (World Health Organization)-China Joint Mission fully confirms the success of “China's model” against COVID-19 in the report. In fact, one particular power in “China's model” is acupuncture and moxibustion of traditional Chinese medicine. To better apply “non-pharmaceutic measures”—the external technique of traditional Chinese medicine, in the article, the main content of Guidance for acupuncture and moxibustion interventions on COVID-19 (Second edition) issued by China Association of Acupuncture–Moxibution is introduced and the discussion is stressed on the selection of moxibustion device and the duration of its exertion.
JO  - World Journal of Acupuncture - Moxibustion
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.wjam.2020.03.005
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005441254 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wjam.2020.03.005
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prolonged Virus Shedding Even after Seroconversion in a Patient with COVID-19
AU  - Liu, Wang-Da
AU  - Chang, Sui-Yuan
AU  - Wang, Jann-Tay
AU  - Tsai, Ming-Jui
AU  - Hung, Chien-Ching
AU  - Hsu, Chia-Lin
AU  - Chang, Shan-Chwen
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.063
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.063
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical characteristics of 19 neonates born to mothers with COVID-19
AU  - Liu, Wei
AU  - Wang, Jing
AU  - Li, Wenbin
AU  - Zhou, Zhaoxian
AU  - Liu, Siying
AU  - Rong, Zhihui
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics of neonates born to SARS-CoV-2 infected mothers and increase the current knowledge on the perinatal consequences of COVID-19. Nineteen neonates were admitted to Tongji Hospital from January 31 to February 29, 2020. Their mothers were clinically diagnosed or laboratory-confirmed with COVID-19. We prospectively collected and analyzed data of mothers and infants. There are 19 neonates included in the research. Among them, 10 mothers were confirmed COVID-19 by positive SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR in throat swab, and 9 mothers were clinically diagnosed with COVID-19. Delivery occurred in an isolation room and neonates were immediately separated from the mothers and isolated for at least 14 days. No fetal distress was found. Gestational age of the neonates was 38.6 ± 1.5 weeks, and average birth weight was 3293 ± 425 g. SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR in throat swab, urine, and feces of all neonates were negative. SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR in breast milk and amniotic fluid was negative too. None of the neonates developed clinical, radiologic, hematologic, or biochemical evidence of COVID-19. No vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and no perinatal complications in the third trimester were found in our study. The delivery should occur in isolation and neonates should be separated from the infected mothers and care givers.
JO  - Frontiers of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-6
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11684-020-0772-y
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11684-020-0772-y
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A cluster of pneumonia associated with the SARS-Cov-2 outside of Wuhan related to a house-warming banquet
AU  - Liu, Luxiang
AU  - Quan, Jingjing
AU  - Lv, Jiaojian
AU  - Long, Siqin
AU  - Hu, Wei
AU  - Zhuge, Huang
AU  - Zhou, Zhihui
AU  - Zhao, Dongdong
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.034
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.034
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Impact of meteorological factors on the COVID-19 transmission: A multi-city study in China
AU  - Liu, Jiangtao
AU  - Zhou, Ji
AU  - Yao, Jinxi
AU  - Zhang, Xiuxia
AU  - Li, Lanyu
AU  - Xu, Xiaocheng
AU  - He, Xiaotao
AU  - Wang, Bo
AU  - Fu, Shihua
AU  - Niu, Tingting
AU  - Yan, Jun
AU  - Shi, Yanjun
AU  - Ren, Xiaowei
AU  - Niu, Jingping
AU  - Zhu, Weihao
AU  - Li, Sheng
AU  - Luo, Bin
AU  - Zhang, Kai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The purpose of the present study is to explore the associations between novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) case counts and meteorological factors in 30 provincial capital cities of China. We compiled a daily dataset including confirmed case counts, ambient temperature (AT), diurnal temperature range (DTR), absolute humidity (AH) and migration scale index for each city during the period of January 20th to March 2nd, 2020. First, we explored the associations between COVID-19 confirmed case counts, meteorological factors, and migration scale index using non-linear regression. Then, we conducted a two-stage analysis for 17 cities with >more than 50 confirmed cases. In the first stage, generalized linear models with negative binomial distribution were fitted to estimate city-specific effects of meteorological factors on confirmed case counts. In the second stage, the meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the pooled effects. Our results showed that among 13 cities that have <less than 50 confirmed cases, 9 cities locate in the Northern China with average AT below 0 °C, 12 cities had average AH below 4 g/m3, and one city (Haikou) had the highest AH (14.05 g/m3). Those 17 cities with 50 and more cases accounted for 90.6% of all cases in our study. Each 1 °C increase in AT and DTR was related to the decline of daily confirmed case counts, and the corresponding pooled RRs were 0.83 (95% CI: 0.79, 0.88) and 0.92 (95% CI: 0.86, 0.97), respectively. For AH, the association with COVID-19 case counts was also statistically significant (RR = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.81, 0.88). In addition, we found the all these associations increased with accumulated time duration up to 14 days. In conclusions, meteorological factors play an independent role in the COVID-19 transmission after controlling population migration. Local weather condition with low temperature, mild diurnal temperature range and low humidity likely favor the transmission.
JO  - Science of The Total Environment
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 138513-138513
SP  - 138513
EP  - 138513
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138513
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S004896972032026X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Application of traditional Chinese medicine in prevention and treatment of COVID-19
AU  - Liu, J.
AU  - Cui, Y.
AU  - Bai, M. X.
AU  - Zhang, H. W.
AU  - Jin, Y. L.
AU  - Lv, P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of COVID-19 in Wuhan Province of China is highly contagious, rapid transmission and widespread, which has aroused great concern at home and abroad. WHO declared COVID-19 as an international public health emergency of concern. In the face of major epidemic situation, our hospital has carried out investigation and analysis on the use of traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19, and summarized the direction of diagnosis and treatment of traditional Chinese medicine and the main points of use of antiviral traditional Chinese medicine, classic prescriptions and Chinese patent medicine, in order to provide reference for diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 and rational drug selection in medical institutions.
JO  - Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 51
IS  - 4
PG  - 860-865
SP  - 860
EP  - 865
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2020.04.005
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005487342 http://dx.doi.org/10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2020.04.005
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Management of COVID-19 in patients after liver transplantation: Beijing working party for liver transplantation
AU  - Liu, Hongling
AU  - He, Xi
AU  - Wang, Yudong
AU  - Zhou, Shuangnan
AU  - Zhang, Dali
AU  - Zhu, Jiye
AU  - He, Qiang
AU  - Zhu, Zhijun
AU  - Li, Guangming
AU  - Sun, Libo
AU  - Wang, Jianli
AU  - Cheng, Gregory
AU  - Liu, Zhenwen
AU  - Lau, George
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Annually, around 850 liver transplantation is performed in Beijing, China. Recently, the new coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) caused by 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) has affected nearly 200 countries worldwide. 2019-nCov can cause severe lung disease, multiple-organ damage, and significant mortalities. Liver transplant recipients, because of long-term oral immunosuppressant effects, may be more susceptible to 2019-nCoV infection and have a worse prognosis than the general population. It is urgent to set up guidelines for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of COVID-19 in liver transplant recipients. In this article, we reviewed the clinical aspects of 2019-nCoV infection, characteristics of liver transplant recipients, immunosuppressant usage, and potential drug interactions to provide recommendations to clinical staff managing liver transplant recipients during the COVID-19 epidemic.
JO  - Hepatology International
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-5
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12072-020-10043-z
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12072-020-10043-z
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Can we use interleukin-6 (IL-6) blockade for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-induced cytokine release syndrome (CRS)?
AU  - Liu, Bingwen
AU  - Li, Min
AU  - Zhou, Zhiguang
AU  - Guan, Xuan
AU  - Xiang, Yufei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The emergent outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused a global pandemic. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and multiorgan dysfunction are among the leading causes of death in critically ill patients with COVID-19. The elevated inflammatory cytokines suggest that a cytokine storm, also known as cytokine release syndrome (CRS), may play a major role in the pathology of COVID-19. However, the efficacy of corticosteroids, commonly utilized antiinflammatory agents, to treat COVID-19-induced CRS is controversial. There is an urgent need for novel therapies to treat COVID-19-induced CRS. Here, we discuss the pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-induced CRS, compare the CRS in COVID-19 with that in SARS and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), and summarize the existing therapies for CRS. We propose to utilize interleukin-6 (IL-6) blockade to manage COVID-19-induced CRS and discuss several factors that should be taken into consideration for its clinical application.
JO  - Journal of Autoimmunity
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 102452-102452
SP  - 102452
EP  - 102452
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaut.2020.102452
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0896841120300676
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Latin American healthcare systems in times of pandemic
AU  - Litewka, Sergio G.
AU  - Heitman, Elizabeth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract The COVID- 19 pandemic is a critical test for the already overburdened and mostly underfunded public healthcare systems of Latin America. In a region that suffers from severe inequalities, public healthcare systems are the only source of medical care for a large sector of the population who work in the informal economy or are unemployed. State-run hospitals and clinics are already overstressed by continuous demand for treatment of vector-borne diseases and community-acquired infections as well as high rates of non-communicable diseases. Ideological misconceptions and denial among Latin America?s political leaders prevented timely preparations for the pandemic and added to chronic governance problems. As ethical expertise in Latin America focuses on research ethics, few hospitals in the region have functioning clinical ethics committees or clinical ethics policy, forcing healthcare personnel to make excruciating treatment decisions in an environment dominated by material scarcity and public distrust. This essay examines the emergence of COVID-19 in Latin America and the serious challenge that it poses for Latin America's public healthcare systems.
JO  - Developing World Bioethics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/dewb.12262
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/dewb.12262
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical and demographic characteristics of patients dying from COVID-19 in Italy versus China
AU  - Lippi, Giuseppe
AU  - Mattiuzzi, Camilla
AU  - Sanchis-Gomar, Fabian
AU  - Henry, Brandon M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), an infectious outbreak caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2),1 has now progressed to global pandemic.2 Besides the compelling need to understand the novel biological pathways underlying the virulence and pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 in humans to enable the development of appropriate interventions and therapies,3,4 the noticeable difference in mortality rates between Asian and European populations is one of the most significant issues demanding the attention of biologists, epidemiologists and clinicians around the world. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25860
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32275075
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Physical inactivity and cardiovascular disease at the time of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
AU  - Lippi, Giuseppe
AU  - Henry, Brandon M.
AU  - Sanchis-Gomar, Fabian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European journal of preventive cardiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 2047487320916823-2047487320916823
SP  - 2047487320916823
EP  - 2047487320916823
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/2047487320916823
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Health risks and potential remedies during prolonged lockdowns for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
AU  - Lippi, Giuseppe
AU  - Henry, Brandon M.
AU  - Bovo, Chiara
AU  - Sanchis-Gomar, Fabian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic continues, an increasing number of countries and territories are adopting restrictive measures based on physical ("social") distancing, aimed at preventing human-to-human transmission and thereby limiting virus propagation. Nationwide lockdowns, encompassing mass quarantine under stay-at-home ordinances, have already been proven effective to contain the COVID-19 outbreak in some countries. Nevertheless, a prolonged homestay may also be associated with potential side effects, which may jeopardize people's health and thus must be recognized and mitigated in a way without violating local ordinances. Some of the most important undesirable consequences of prolonged homestay such as physical inactivity, weight gain, behavioral addiction disorders, insufficient sunlight exposure and social isolation will be critically addressed in this article, which also aims to provide some tentative recommendations for the alleviation of side effects.
JO  - Diagnosis (Berlin, Germany)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1515/dx-2020-0041
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Google searches for the keywords of “wash hands” predict the speed of national spread of COVID-19 outbreak among 21 countries
AU  - Lin, Yu-Hsuan
AU  - Liu, Chun-Hao
AU  - Chiu, Yu-Chuan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This study hypothesized that national population health literacy might reflect on their keywords searching. We applied Google searches for “wash hands” and “face mask” during January 19 to February 18 as a surrogate of national population health literacy among 21 countries, and examine whether google searches for “wash hands” and “face masks” would protect from increased numbers of confirmed cases of among 21 countries We found the increased google searches for “wash hands” from January 19 to February 18, 2020, correlated with a lower spreading speed of COVID-19 from February 19 to March 10, 2020 among 21 countries (Pearson’s correlation coefficient of −0.70, P < 0.001). The result highlights the importance of public awareness of hand washing in preventing COVID-19 disease spreading.
JO  - Brain, Behavior, and Immunity
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.020
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0889159120304748
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - PEOPLE EXPERIENCING HOMELESSNESS: THEIR POTENTIAL EXPOSURE TO COVID-19
AU  - Lima, Nádia Nara Rolim
AU  - de Souza, Ricardo Inácio
AU  - Feitosa, Pedro Walisson Gomes
AU  - Moreira, Jorge Lucas de Sousa
AU  - da Silva, Claudio Gleidiston Lima
AU  - Neto, Modesto Leite Rolim
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background : Insufficient housing quality is associated with stress and mental health impacts. Crowding, pollution, noise, inadequate lighting, lack of access to green spaces, and other environmental factors associated with slums can exacerbate mental health disorders, including depression, anxiety, violence, and other forms of social dysfunction. Method : The studies were identified using large-sized newspapers with international circulation. Results : Experts say that people who sleep in shelters or on the streets already have lower life expectancy, suffer from addiction, and have underlying health conditions that put them at greater risk should they develop the virus. There are just so many competing and unmet needs, which makes it much harder for homeless to contend with all of this. If exposed, people experiencing homelessness might be more susceptible to illness or death due to the prevalence of underlying physical and mental medical conditions and a lack of reliable and affordable health care. Nevertheless, without an urgent solution, people experiencing homelessness will remain in limbo. Conclusions : Many people living on the streets already have a diminished health condition, higher rates of chronic illnesses or compromised immune systems, all of which are risk factors for developing a more serious manifestation of the coronavirus infection. Those suffering from mental illness may have difficulty in recognizing and responding to the threat of infection. Homeless people have less access to health care providers who could otherwise order diagnostic testing and, if confirmed, isolate them from others in coordination with local health departments.
JO  - Psychiatry Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 112945-112945
SP  - 112945
EP  - 112945
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112945
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165178120306491
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Obesity in patients younger than 60 years is a risk factor for Covid-19 hospital admission
AU  - Lighter, Jennifer
AU  - Phillips, Michael
AU  - Hochman, Sarah
AU  - Sterling, Stephanie
AU  - Johnson, Diane
AU  - Francois, Fritz
AU  - Stachel, Anna
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa415
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32271368
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Fight COVID-19 Beyond the Borders: Emergency Department Patient Diversion in Taiwan
AU  - Lien, Wan-Ching
AU  - Tseng, Wen-Pin
AU  - Chow-In Ko, Patrick
AU  - Chen, Shey-Ying
AU  - Tsai, Min-Shan
AU  - Chang, Wei-Tien
AU  - Huang, Chien-Hua
AU  - Chen, Shyr-Chyr
AU  - Wu, Jhong-Lin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2020.04.003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0196064420302535
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Heart in COVID19: Primary Target or Secondary Bystander?
AU  - Libby, Peter
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Summary: In the throes of the current COVID-19 pandemic, interest has burgeoned in the cardiovascular complications of this virulent viral infection. As troponin, a biomarker of cardiac injury, often rises in hospitalized patients, its interpretation and actionability require careful consideration. Fulminant myocarditis due to direct viral infection can certainly occur, but patients with increased oxygen demands due to tachycardia and fever, and reduced oxygen delivery due to hypotension and hypoxemia can cause myocardial injury indirectly. Cytokines released during the acute infection can elicit activation of cells within pre-existing atherosclerotic lesions, augmenting thrombotic risk and risk of ischemic syndromes. Moreover, microvascular activation by cytokines can cause not only myocardial injury but harm other organ systems commonly involved in COVID-19 infections including the kidneys. Dealing with the immense challenge of COVID-19 disease, confronted with severely ill patients in dire straits with virtually no rigorous evidence base to guide our therapy, we must call upon our clinical skills and judgment. These touchstones can help guide us in selecting patients who might benefit from the advanced imaging and invasive procedures that present enormous logistical challenges in the current context. Lacking a robust evidence base, pathophysiologic reasoning can help guide our choices of therapy for individual clinical scenarios. We must exercise caution and extreme humility, as often plausible interventions fail when tested rigorously. But act today we must, and understanding the multiplicity of mechanisms of myocardial injury in COVID-19 infection will help us meet our mission unsupported by the comfort of strong data.
JO  - JACC: Basic to Translational Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacbts.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452302X20301546
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Target Virus or Target Ourselves for COVID-19 Drugs Discovery?-Lessons learned from anti-influenzas virus therapies
AU  - Liao, Jiayu
AU  - Way, George
AU  - Madahar, Vipul
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 pandemic, after it was reported in December 2019, is a highly contagious and now spreading to over 190 countries, causing a severe public health burden. Currently, there is no vaccine or specific drug to treat COVID-19, which is caused by a novel coronavirus, SARS-2-CoV. For this emergency, the FDA has approved Remdesivir and Hydroxychloroquine for treatment of COVID-19 as Emergency Use Authorization. However, even after this pandemic, COVID-19 may still have a chance to come back. Therefore, we need to come out with new strategies for drug discovery for combating COVID-19 in the future.
JO  - Medicine in Drug Discovery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 100037-100037
SP  - 100037
EP  - 100037
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medidd.2020.100037
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590098620300245
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical characteristics and outcomes of hospitalised patients with COVID-19 treated in Hubei (epicenter) and outside Hubei (non-epicenter): A Nationwide Analysis of China
AU  - Liang, Wen-Hua
AU  - Guan, Wei-Jie
AU  - Li, Cai-Chen
AU  - Li, Yi-Min
AU  - Liang, Heng-Rui
AU  - Zhao, Yi
AU  - Liu, Xiao-Qing
AU  - Sang, Ling
AU  - Chen, Ru-Chong
AU  - Tang, Chun-Li
AU  - Wang, Tao
AU  - Wang, Wei
AU  - He, Qi-Hua
AU  - Chen, Zi-Sheng
AU  - Wong, Sook-San
AU  - Zanin, Mark
AU  - Liu, Jun
AU  - Xu, Xin
AU  - Huang, Jun
AU  - Li, Jian-Fu
AU  - Ou, Li-Min
AU  - Cheng, Bo
AU  - Xiong, Shan
AU  - Xie, Zhan-Hong
AU  - Ni, Zheng-Yi
AU  - Hu, Yu
AU  - Liu, Lei
AU  - Shan, Hong
AU  - Lei, Chun-Liang
AU  - Peng, Yi-Xiang
AU  - Wei, Li
AU  - Liu, Yong
AU  - Hu, Ya-Hua
AU  - Peng, Peng
AU  - Wang, Jian-Ming
AU  - Liu, Ji-Yang
AU  - Chen, Zhong
AU  - Li, Gang
AU  - Zheng, Zhi-Jian
AU  - Qiu, Shao-Qin
AU  - Luo, Jie
AU  - Ye, Chang-Jiang
AU  - Zhu, Shao-Yong
AU  - Cheng, Lin-Ling
AU  - Ye, Feng
AU  - Li, Shi-Yue
AU  - Zheng, Jin-Ping
AU  - Zhang, Nuo-Fu
AU  - Zhong, Nan-Shan
AU  - He, Jian-Xing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND During the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), consistent and considerable differences in disease severity and mortality rate of patients treated in Hubei province compared to those in other parts of China has been observed. We sought to compare the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients being treated inside and outside Hubei province, and explore the factors underlying these differences. METHODS Collaborating with the National Health Commission, we established a retrospective cohort to study hospitalised COVID-19 cases in China. Clinical characteristics, the rate of severe events and deaths, and the time to critical illness (invasive ventilation or intensive care unit admission or death) were compared between patients in and outside of Hubei. The impact of Wuhan-related exposure (a presumed key factor that drove the severe situation in Hubei, as Wuhan is the epicenter as well the administrative center of Hubei province) and the duration between symptom onset and admission on prognosis were also determined. RESULTS Upon data cut-off (Jan 31st, 2020), 1590 cases from 575 hospitals in 31 provincial administrative regions were collected (core cohort). The overall rate of severe cases and mortality was 16.0% and 3.2%, respectively. Patients in Hubei (predominantly with Wuhan-related exposure, 597/647, 92.3%) were older (mean: 49.7 versus 44.9 years), had more cases with comorbidity (32.9% versus 19.7%), higher symptomatic burden, abnormal radiologic manifestations, and, especially, a longer waiting time between symptom onset and admission (5.7 versus 4.5 days) compared with patients outside Hubei. Patients in Hubei [severe event rate 23.0% versus 11.1%, death rate 7.3% versus 0.3%, hazards ratio (HR) for critical illness 1.59, 95%CI 1.05-2.41] have a poorer prognosis compared with patients outside of Hubei after adjusting for age and comorbidity. However, among patients outside of Hubei, the duration from symptom onset to hospitalisation (mean: 4.4 versus 4.7 days) and prognosis (HR 0.84, 95%CI 0.40-1.80) were similar between patients with or without Wuhan-related exposure. In the overall population, the waiting time, but neither treated in Hubei nor Wuhan-related exposure, remained an independent prognostic factor (HR 1.05, 1.01-1.08). CONCLUSION There were more severe cases and poorer outcomes for COVID-19 patients treated in Hubei, which might be attributed to the prolonged duration of symptom onset to hospitalisation in the epicenter. Future studies to determine the reason for delaying hospitalisation are warranted.
JO  - The European respiratory journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1183/13993003.00562-2020
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32269086
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mathematical model of infection kinetics and its analysis for COVID-19, SARS and MERS
AU  - Liang, Kaihao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The purpose of this paper is to reveal the spread rules of the three pneumonia: COVID-19, SARS and MERS. We compare the new spread characteristics of COVID-19 with those of SARS and MERS. By considering the growth rate and inhibition constant of infectious diseases, their propagation growth model is established. The parameters of the three coronavirus transmission growth models are obtained by nonlinear fitting. Parametric analysis shows that the growth rate of COVID-19 is about twice that of the SARS and MERS, and the COVID-19 doubling cycle is two to three days, suggesting that the number of COVID-19 patients would double in two to three days without human intervention. The infection inhibition constant in Hubei is two orders of magnitude lower than in other regions, which reasonably explains the situation of the COVID-19 outbreak in Hubei.
JO  - Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 82
IS  - 
PG  - 104306-104306
SP  - 104306
EP  - 104306
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104306
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Exploration on mechanism of anti-coronavirus of Sophora flavescens through multi-pathway
AU  - Li, Z.
AU  - Yu, K. X.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), originated in Wuhan city, Hubei Province, China in December 2019, and then quickly spread to most provinces and regions in China and even spread to many countries abroad. COVID-19 is characterized by wide epidemic, strong infectivity, rapid onset and critical condition. In the face of this epidemic, all parts of the country quickly set off a peak in the fight against COVID-19, but no effective drug for COVID-19 has been developed in the short term. Recently, many hospitals have combined traditional Chinese medicine with western medicine in treatment, and the clinical effect is remarkable, which proves the antiviral effect of traditional Chinese medicine. A large number of pharmacological and clinical studies have proved that the Chinese materia medica S. flavescens has significant antiviral effect. In this paper, the mechanism of anti-coronavirus effect of S. flavescens is expounded from multiple pathways, such as type I interferon, NF-κB signal pathway, ERK signal pathway, PI3K/Akt signal pathway and matrine alkaloids, etc. It is intended to provide reference for clinical treatment of coronavirus infection pneumonia and research and development of related drugs of S. flavescens.
JO  - Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 51
IS  - 4
PG  - 888-894
SP  - 888
EP  - 894
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2020.04.010
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005487347 http://dx.doi.org/10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2020.04.010
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How ophthalmologists should understand and respond to the current epidemic of novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - Li, Z.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The new coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19)that caused by 2019 new coronavirus (2019-nCoV) and first appeared in Wuhan, China, in December 2019 has attracted great attention from both the Chinese government and the international community.The International Committee on Viral Classification named the virus "Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2" (SARS-CoV-2), and the WHO named the pneumonia it causesCOVID-19". At present, the disease is centered in Wuhan City and is spreading rapidly to all parts of China, as well as twenty other countries.About 20% of the people infected during the SARS epidemic in 2003 were employees in hospital environments.COVID-19 has infected an even greater number of heath care workers.Therefore, ophthalmologists need to understand the disease and recognize the importance of taking preventive measures.Although ophthalmologists do not work on the front lines of the outbreak, due to their area of expertise, a variety of situations, such as infection consultations or ophthalmic emergency treatments, can lead to the exposure of ophthalmologists to high-risk environments.This risk will only increase as the number of infected patients continues to increase.When dealing with seemingly normal ophthalmic patients, the vigilance of ophthalmologists and associated staff tends to be significantly reduced.To better protect patients, families, and health care workers, it is strongly recommended that in addition to the standard precautions for the care of all patients, strict contact precautions and droplet precautions need to be taken by ophthalmologists.These measures include (1) wearing an efficient mask (an N95 mask); (2) always performing hand hygiene before and after examining a patient; (3) wearing sterile gloves when entering a patient’s room and touching a patient; (4) wearing a gown when contact is expected with items and environmental surfaces surrounding a patient or when the patient is incontinent or has diarrhea or a surgical or other invasive wound with oozing fluid; (5) cleaning and disinfecting ophthalmic equipment and correctly handling medical waste after examination to prevent transmission to patients who are subsequently examined; (6) wearing goggles and a disposable mask to cover the front and sides of the face before touching a patient, as the virus could spread through the ocular surface; (7) performing the relevant screening for COVID-19 for regular patients who have conjunctivitis and respiratory symptoms at the same time; (8) prohibiting the use of infected patients as potential donors for corneal transplants and temporarily adding donor 2019-CoV screening to the medical standard of the eye bank during the outbreak; (9) for the purposes of scientific research, diagnosis, and other special needs, packing, shipping, and transporting collected specimens according to the relevant dangerous biological goods regulations.
JO  - Zhonghua Shiyan Yanke Zazhi/Chinese Journal of Experimental Ophthalmology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 38
IS  - 3
PG  - 267-272
SP  - 267
EP  - 272
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.2095-0160.2020.0003
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005506539 http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.issn.2095-0160.2020.0003
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Traditional Chinese herbal medicine for treating novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pneumonia: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
AU  - Li, Yuxi
AU  - Liu, Xiaobo
AU  - Guo, Liuxue
AU  - Li, Juan
AU  - Zhong, Dongling
AU  - Zhang, Yonggang
AU  - Clarke, Mike
AU  - Jin, Rongjiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A new type of coronavirus, novel coronavirus (COVID-19), is causing an increasing number of cases of pneumonia and was declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern by the World Health Organization on 30 January 2020. The virus first appeared in Wuhan, China, in late December 2019, and traditional Chinese herbal medicine is being used for its treatment. This systematic review and meta-analysis will assess studies of the effects of traditional Chinese herbal medicine in COVID-19 pneumonia. We will search electronic databases including PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database (VIP), and Wanfang database using keywords related to COVID-19 and traditional Chinese herbal medicine. Reference lists of relevant trials and reviews will be searched. We will manually search gray literature, such as conference proceedings and academic degree dissertations, and trial registries. Two independent reviewers will screen studies (XL and DZ), extract data (YL and LG), and evaluate risk of bias (YL and DZ). Data analysis will be conducted using the Review Manager software (version 5.3.5) and R software (version 3.6.1). Statistical heterogeneity will be assessed using a standard chi-square test with a significance level of P < 0.10. Biases associated with study size (e.g., publication bias) will be investigated using funnel plots, Egger’s test and Begg’s test, and Trim and Fill analysis. This study will provide a high-quality synthesis of the effects of traditional Chinese herbal medicine for COVID-19. The use of traditional Chinese herbal medicine for treatment or prevention of these novel viral infections affecting the pneumonia will be investigated. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020168004
JO  - Systematic Reviews
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
PG  - 75-75
SP  - 75
EP  - 75
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s13643-020-01343-4
UR  - https://systematicreviewsjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13643-020-01343-4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pharmacovigilance and protective medication for drug-induced liver injury in treatment of COVID-19
AU  - Li, X. J. Y.
AU  - Li, Y. J.
AU  - Ge, J. D.
AU  - Wu, K. Y.
AU  - Sun, R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of COVID-19 coronavirus pneumonia in December 2019 has aroused great concern worldwide. At present, the COVID-19 coronavirus pneumonia is highly contagious, rapid and widespread. It has been reported that COVID-19 virus is spread by respiratory droplets and direct contact transmission, and it has various clinical manifestations and recurrent is common. Some patients do not even appear obvious fever and have negative results for throat swab virus culture at the onset of the disease, but the rapid deterioration in their clinical condition usually occurred, which bring difficulties to scientific diagnosis and treatment. At present, western medicine treats most patients with anti-viral drugs, hormones and other drugs, or treats critically ill patients with ECMO oxygenation, important organ function support and other emergency treatments. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) based on syndrome differentiation and treatment has obtained curative effects in this outbreak. In order to improve the effects and safety of Chinese and western drug therapy, we applied literature-mining method and network pharmacology, summarized the potential liver injury during the application of western medicine and discussed hepatotoxicity networks and potential pathway targets of ingredients in Chinese patent medicine and Chinese herbal compound. This study not only summarizes essential information regarding potential drug-induced liver injury and biomarkers for pharmacovigilance, but also provides insights for liver protection by TCM or TCM in combination with western medicine in the treatment of novel coronavirus.
JO  - Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 51
IS  - 4
PG  - 851-859
SP  - 851
EP  - 859
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2020.04.004
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005487341 http://dx.doi.org/10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2020.04.004
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Existing bitter medicines for fighting 2019-nCoV-associated infectious diseases
AU  - Li, Xiangqi
AU  - Zhang, Chaobao
AU  - Liu, Lianyong
AU  - Gu, Mingjun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The sudden outbreak of COVID-19 has led to more than seven thousand deaths. Unfortunately, there are no specific drugs available to cure this disease. Type 2 taste receptors (TAS2Rs) may play an important role in host defense mechanisms. Based on the idea of host-directed therapy (HDT), we performed a negative co-expression analysis using big data of 60 000 Affymetrix expression arrays and 5000 TCGA data sets to determine the functions of TAS2R10, which can be activated by numerous bitter substances. Excitingly, we found that the main functions of TAS2R10 involved controlling infectious diseases caused by bacteria, viruses, and parasites, suggesting that TAS2R10 is a key trigger of host defense pathways. To quickly guide the clinical treatment of 2019-nCoV, we searched currently available drugs that are agonists of TAS2Rs. We identified many cheap, available, and safe medicines, such as diphenidol, quinine, chloroquine, artemisinin, chlorpheniramine, yohimbine, and dextromethorphan, which may target the most common symptoms caused by 2019-nCoV. We suggest that a cocktail-like recipe of existing bitter drugs may help doctors to fight this catastrophic disease and that the general public may drink or eat bitter substances, such as coffee, tea, or bitter vegetables, to reduce the risk of infection.
JO  - FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1096/fj.202000502
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Risk factors for severity and mortality in adult COVID-19 inpatients in Wuhan
AU  - Li, Xiaochen
AU  - Xu, Shuyun
AU  - Yu, Muqing
AU  - Wang, Ke
AU  - Tao, Yu
AU  - Zhou, Ying
AU  - Shi, Jing
AU  - Zhou, Min
AU  - Wu, Bo
AU  - Yang, Zhenyu
AU  - Zhang, Cong
AU  - Yue, Junqing
AU  - Zhang, Zhiguo
AU  - Renz, Harald
AU  - Liu, Xiansheng
AU  - Xie, Jungang
AU  - Xie, Min
AU  - Zhao, Jianping
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background In December 2019, COVID-19 outbreak occurred in Wuhan. Data on the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with severe COVID-19 are limited. Objective The severity on admission, complications, treatment, and outcomes of COVID-19 patients were evaluated. Methods Patients with COVID-19 admitted to Tongji Hospital from January 26, 2020 to February 5, 2020 were retrospectively enrolled and followed-up until March 3, 2020. Potential risk factors for severe COVID-19 were analyzed by a multivariable binary logistic model. Cox proportional hazard regression model was used for survival analysis in severe patients. Results We identified 269 (49.1%) of 548 patients as severe cases on admission. Elder age, underlying hypertension, high cytokine levels (IL-2R, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-a), and high LDH level were significantly associated with severe COVID-19 on admission. The prevalence of asthma in COVID-19 patients was 0.9%, markedly lower than that in the adult population of Wuhan. The estimated mortality was 1.1% in nonsevere patients and 32.5% in severe cases during the average 32 days of follow-up period. Survival analysis revealed that male, elder age, leukocytosis, high LDH level, cardiac injury, hyperglycemia, and high-dose corticosteroid use were associated with death in patients with severe COVID-19. Conclusions Patients with elder age, hypertension, and high LDH level need careful observation and early intervention to prevent the potential development of severe COVID-19. Severe male patients with heart injury, hyperglycemia, and high-dose corticosteroid use may have high risk of death.
JO  - Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2020.04.006
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0091674920304954
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Ophthalmologists’ strategy for the prevention and control of coronavirus pneumonia with conjunctivitis or with conjunctivitis as the first symptom
AU  - Li, X.
AU  - Wang, M.
AU  - Chen, C.
AU  - Yang, A.
AU  - Jin, W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - China is currently in a critical stage of controlling the outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19). As ophthalmologists working in the center of Wuhan city, the virus’s front line, we recently found conjunctivitis in five COVID-19 patients of a total of 92 COVID-19 patients.One of these five patients had conjunctivitis as the first symptom and was then diagnosed with COVID-19.These observations suggest: the mechanism and pathway of transmission of the novel coronavirus need to be further clarified; the symptoms of conjunctivitis accompanying novel coronavirus infection and conjunctiva as an important entrance point of the virus need to be further verified; early diagnosis, implementation of medical isolation, and giving appropriate treatment to patients with asymptomatic and mild-symptom conjunctivitis are essential to prevent the spread of the epidemic; those with conjunctivitis symptoms should be distinguished from other types of viral conjunctivitis; strict personal protection measures should be taken; and more sensitive techniques should be developed as soon as possible for virus detection in tear and conjunctiva swabs.
JO  - Zhonghua Shiyan Yanke Zazhi/Chinese Journal of Experimental Ophthalmology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 38
IS  - 3
PG  - 276-280
SP  - 276
EP  - 280
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.2095-0160.2020.0002
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005506541 http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.issn.2095-0160.2020.0002
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Be alert to superposed effect of seasonal influenza while fighting against COVID-19
AU  - Li, T. G.
AU  - Wang, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 continues to spread throughout the country, and the prevention and control of the epidemic has entered a critical period. However, southern cities with severe outbreaks are about to enter the seasonal influenza season. We should strengthen the epidemiological investigation, optimize the laboratory testing strategy, take effective measures, strengthen the prevention and control of influenza epidemic, and minimize the interference to the COVID-19 epidemic. 新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情在全国持续蔓延，疫情防控进入关键时期。然而，目前疫情严重的南方城市即将进入季节性流感高发季节。要加强流行病学调查，优化实验室 检测策略，采取有效措施，加大流感疫情防控力度，最大限度减少对新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情防控的干扰。.
JO  - Zhonghua yu fang yi xue za zhi [Chinese journal of preventive medicine]
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 4
PG  - 337-339
SP  - 337
EP  - 339
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn11250-20200208-00078
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Searching therapeutic strategy of new coronavirus pneumonia from angiotensin-converting enzyme 2: the target of COVID-19 and SARS-CoV
AU  - Li, Shu-ren
AU  - Tang, Zi-jian
AU  - Li, Zai-han
AU  - Liu, Xuan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, the infection of the new coronavirus (COVID-19) caused an outbreak of new coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China, and caused great public concern. Both COVID-19 and SARS-CoV belong to the coronavirus family and both invade target cells through ACE2. An in-depth understanding of ACE2 and a series of physiological and physiological changes caused by the virus invading the human body may help to discover and explain the corresponding clinical phenomena and then deal with them timely. In addition, ACE2 is a potential therapeutic target. This article will summarize the role of ACE2 in multiple organ damage caused by COVID-19 and SARS-CoV, targeted blocking drugs against ACE2, and drugs that inhibit inflammation in order to provide the basis for subsequent related research, diagnosis and treatment, and drug development.
JO  - European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases 2020
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-6
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/S10096-020-03883-Y
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Screening of active components from Chinese materia medica against SARS-CoV-2 based on literature mining and molecular docking
AU  - Li, J.
AU  - Ma, X. B.
AU  - Shen, J.
AU  - Zhang, Z. F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To screen the active components from Chinese materia medica (CMM) against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) based on literature mining and molecular docking. Methods: Candidate CMMs were collected from recently published prescriptions against COVID-19. The active components and protein targets of candidate CMMs were collected from TCMSP, CNKI and PubMed. SARS-CoV-2 3CL hydrolase (Mpro) has been determined by academician Zihe Rao’s team at Shanghai Technical University. The molecular docking was performed by AutoDock vina software. Results: A total of 11 high-frequency used candidate CMMs were obtained by literature mining, and 469 candidate components were found from TCMSP and literatures. The binding energy of all the components were calculated by molecular docking and 41 components of them were less than -33.44 kJ/mol. Among them, saikosaponin (E, B1, D, F, B2, C2, A) and glycyrrhizin had the lower binding energies. The results showed that Bupleuri Radix, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and Lonicerae Japonicae Flos contained more active components against SARS-CoV-2. Conclusion: The active components of CMMs against SARS-CoV-2 were screened based on literature mining and molecular docking, which provides a reference for exploration and discovery of new anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs.
JO  - Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 51
IS  - 4
PG  - 845-850
SP  - 845
EP  - 850
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2020.04.003
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005487340 http://dx.doi.org/10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2020.04.003
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Challenges and responses: a tertiary hospital in 2019-nCoV epidemic
AU  - Li, Hong
AU  - Zhang, Zhuo
AU  - Li, Ping
AU  - Nie, Hu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The recent outbreak of coronavirus in Wuhan, China, has imposed challenges on the Chinese medical system. Not only the dramatically increasing infected cases and insufficient medical resources, but also the peoples’ panic throughout the whole country have made the medical service extremely difficult. To respond to these challenges effectively, our hospital implemented an urgent response strategy, including human resources and medical resources preparation and re-allocation, immediate fever screening, strict patient-visiting flow management, and reasonable information communication. Our experience and response measures could provide a reference for other hospitals in the current situation.
JO  - Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-9
SP  - 1
EP  - 9
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/dmp.2020.93
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/challenges-and-responses-a-tertiary-hospital-in-2019ncov-epidemic/CE79F4E55D08225AFCB8189C8A37C376
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): current status and future perspectives
AU  - Li, H.
AU  - Liu, S. M.
AU  - Yu, X. H.
AU  - Tang, S. L.
AU  - Tang, C. K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) originated in the city of Wuhan, Hubei Province, Central China, and has spread quickly to 72 countries to date. COVID-19 is caused by a novel coronavirus, named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) [previously provisionally known as 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)]. At present, the newly identified SARS-CoV-2 has caused a large number of deaths with tens of thousands of confirmed cases worldwide, posing a serious threat to public health. However, there are no clinically approved vaccines or specific therapeutic drugs available for COVID-19. Intensive research on the newly emerged SARS-CoV-2 is urgently needed to elucidate the pathogenic mechanisms and epidemiological characteristics and to identify potential drug targets, which will contribute to the development of effective prevention and treatment strategies. Hence, this review will focus on recent progress regarding the structure of SARS-CoV-2 and the characteristics of COVID-19, such as the aetiology, pathogenesis and epidemiological characteristics.
JO  - International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105951
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005516800 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105951
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Asymptomatic and Presymptomatic Infectors: Hidden Sources of COVID-19 Disease
AU  - Li, Guanjian
AU  - Li, Weiran
AU  - He, Xiaojin
AU  - Cao, Yunxia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa418
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32271372
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Assessing ACE2 expression patterns in lung tissues in the pathogenesis of COVID-19
AU  - Li, Guoping
AU  - He, Xiang
AU  - Zhang, Lei
AU  - Ran, Qin
AU  - Wang, Junyi
AU  - Xiong, Anying
AU  - Wu, Dehong
AU  - Chen, Feng
AU  - Sun, Jinlyu
AU  - Chang, Christopher
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - It has been reported that SARS-CoV-2 may use ACE2 as a receptor to gain entry into human cells, in a way similar to that of SARS-CoV. Analyzing the distribution and expression level of ACE2 may therefore help reveal underlying mechanisms of viral susceptibility and post-infection modulation. In this study, we utilized previously uploaded information on ACE2 expression in various conditions including SARS-CoA to evaluate the role of ACE2 in SARS-CoV and extrapolate that to COVID-19. We found that the expression of ACE2 in healthy populations and patients with underlying diseases was not significantly different. However, based on the elevated expression of ACE2 in cigarette smokers, we speculate that long-term smoking may be a risk factor for COVID-19. Analysis of ACE2 in SARS-CoV infected cells suggests that ACE2 is not only a receptor but is also involved in post-infection regulation, including immune response, cytokine secretion, and viral genome replication. Moreover, we constructed Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks and identified hub genes in viral activity and cytokine secretion. Our findings may help clinicians and researchers gain more insight into the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 and design therapeutic strategies for COVID-19.
JO  - Journal of Autoimmunity
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 102463-102463
SP  - 102463
EP  - 102463
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaut.2020.102463
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0896841120300792
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 and Europe: timing of containment measures for outbreak control
AU  - Li, Chenyu
AU  - Romagnani, Paola
AU  - von Brunn, Albrecht
AU  - Anders, Hans-Joachim
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s15010-020-01420-9
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s15010-020-01420-9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Primary understanding of syndrome differentiation treatment of COVID-19 with traditional Chinese medicine based on 3-5 edition of Diagnosis and Treatment of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia and ancient literatures
AU  - Li, B. L.
AU  - Li, X. Y.
AU  - Ren, S. P.
AU  - Liu, Z. H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - There are an increasing number of patients suffering from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in our country and overseas. After the outbreak, the state health administrative sections have updated steadily several editions of Diagnosis and Treatment of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia. According to the change of exposition of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) treatment in these editions and the characteristics of cases in clinic, COVID-19 corresponds to pestilence category of TCM, which also based on the ancient literatures from the seasonal-febrile-disease subject of TCM. The disease contributes to pestilential pathogen caused by specifically regional climate characteristics of Wuhan city. It is important for COVID-19 patients to eliminate pathogens as soon as possible, which should apply defense-qi-nutrient-blood diagnosis to different courses of disease. The TCM therapy should be established according to the different organs where the virus lives and characters. In order to control the epidemic at an early date, it is necessary to consider the local conditions and use the combination of traditional Chinese and western medicine to treat COVID -19 patients.
JO  - Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 51
IS  - 4
PG  - 873-877
SP  - 873
EP  - 877
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2020.04.007
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005487344 http://dx.doi.org/10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2020.04.007
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Between Scylla and Charybdis - Oncologic Decision Making in the Time of Covid-19
AU  - Lewis, Mark A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The New England journal of medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMp2006588
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cardiothoracic Education in the Time of COVID-19: How I Teach It
AU  - Lewis, Erik E.
AU  - Taylor, Lauren J.
AU  - Hermsen, Joshua L.
AU  - McCarthy, Daniel P.
AU  - Fiedler, Amy G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Annals of Thoracic Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2020.04.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0003497520305476
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Centenaire après 50 années de diabète de type 2
AU  - Levart, Eugène
AU  - Altman, Jean-Jacques
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Médecine des Maladies Métaboliques
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mmm.2020.04.007
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1957255720001194
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - ACE-2 Expression in the Small Airway Epithelia of Smokers and COPD Patients: Implications for COVID-19
AU  - Leung, Janice M.
AU  - Yang, Chen Xi
AU  - Tam, Anthony
AU  - Shaipanich, Tawimas
AU  - Hackett, Tillie L.
AU  - Singhera, Gurpreet K.
AU  - Dorscheid, Delbert R.
AU  - Sin, Don D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory infection caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus2 (SARSCoV-2). This virus uses the angiotensin converting enzyme II (ACE2) as the cellular entry receptor to infect the lower respiratory tract. Because individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are at increased risk of severe COVID19, we determined whether ACE2 expression in the lower airways was related to COPD and cigarette smoking. Methods: Using RNAseq, we determined gene expression levels in bronchial epithelia obtained from cytologic brushings of 6th to 8th generation airways in individuals with and without COPD. We externally validated these results from two additional independent cohorts, which used microarray technologies to measure gene expression levels from 6th to 12th generation airways. Results: In the discovery cohort (n=42 participants), we found that ACE2 expression levels were increased by 48% in the airways of COPD compared with non-COPD subjects (COPD=2.52 (0.66) log2 counts per million reads (CPM) versus non-COPD= 1.70 (0.51) CPM , p=.000762). There was a significant inverse relationship between ACE2 gene expression and FEV1% of predicted (r=negative 0.24; p=0.035). Current smoking also significantly increased ACE2 expression levels compared with never smokers (never current smokers=2.77 (90.91) CPM versus smokers=1.78 (0.39) CPM, p=0.024). These findings were replicated in the two external cohorts. Conclusions: ACE2 expression in lower airways is increased in patients with COPD and with current smoking. These data suggest that these two subgroups are at increased risk of serious COVID19 infection and highlight the importance of smoking cessation in reducing the risk. ### Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest. ### Clinical Trial NA ### Funding Statement CIHR ### Author Declarations All relevant ethical guidelines have been followed; any necessary IRB and/or ethics committee approvals have been obtained and details of the IRB/oversight body are included in the manuscript. Yes All necessary patient/participant consent has been obtained and the appropriate institutional forms have been archived. Yes I understand that all clinical trials and any other prospective interventional studies must be registered with an ICMJE-approved registry, such as ClinicalTrials.gov. I confirm that any such study reported in the manuscript has been registered and the trial registration ID is provided (note: if posting a prospective study registered retrospectively, please provide a statement in the trial ID field explaining why the study was not registered in advance). Yes I have followed all appropriate research reporting guidelines and uploaded the relevant EQUATOR Network research reporting checklist(s) and other pertinent material as supplementary files, if applicable. Yes Data are available on GEO or upon request from senior author (DDS)
JO  - medRxiv
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 2020.03.18.20038455-2020.03.18.20038455
SP  - 2020.03.18.20038455
EP  - 2020.03.18.20038455
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1101/2020.03.18.20038455
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission to pets and other wild and domestic animals strongly mandates a one-health strategy to control the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Leroy, Eric M.
AU  - Gouilh, Meriadeg A. R.
AU  - Brugere-Picoux, Jeanne
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - One Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 100133-100133
SP  - 100133
EP  - 100133
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.onehlt.2020.100133
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352771420300793
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Summarizing societal guidelines regarding bronchoscopy during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Lentz, Robert J.
AU  - Colt, Henri
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Respirology (Carlton, Vic.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/resp.13824
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - New development: ‘Healing at a distance’—telemedicine and COVID-19
AU  - Leite, Higor
AU  - Hodgkinson, Ian R.
AU  - Gruber, Thorsten
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Public Money & Management
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/09540962.2020.1748855
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/09540962.2020.1748855
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A cross-sectional comparison of epidemiological and clinical features of patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Wuhan and outside Wuhan, China
AU  - Lei, Ziying
AU  - Cao, Huijuan
AU  - Jie, Yusheng
AU  - Huang, Zhanlian
AU  - Guo, Xiaoyan
AU  - Chen, Junfeng
AU  - Peng, Liang
AU  - Cao, Hong
AU  - Dai, Xiaoling
AU  - Liu, Jing
AU  - Li, Xuejun
AU  - Zhu, Jianyun
AU  - Xu, Wenxiong
AU  - Chen, Dabiao
AU  - Gao, Zhiliang
AU  - He, Jianrong
AU  - Lin, Bingliang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread outside the initial epicenter of Wuhan. We compared cases in Guangzhou and Wuhan to illustrate potential changes in pathogenicity and epidemiological characteristics as the epidemic has progressed. METHODS: We studied 20 patients admitted to the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University in Guangzhou, China from January 22 to February 12, 2020. Data were extracted from medical records. These cases were compared with the 99 cases, previously published in Lancet, from Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital from January 1 to January 20, 2020. RESULTS: Guangzhou patients were younger and had better prognosis than Wuhan patients. The Wuhan patients were more likely to be admitted to the ICU (23% vs 5%) and had a higher mortality rate (11% vs 0%). Cases in Guangzhou tended to be more clustered. Diarrhea and vomiting were more common among Guangzhou patients and SARS-CoV-2 RNA was found in feces. Fecal SARA-CoV-2 RNA remained positive when nasopharyngeal swabs turned negative in some patients. CONCLUSIONS: This study indicates possible diminishing virulence of the virus in the process of transmission. Yet persistent positive RNA in feces after negative nasopharyngeal swabs suggests a possible prolonged transmission period that challenges current quarantine practices.
JO  - Travel medicine and infectious disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101664-101664
SP  - 101664
EP  - 101664
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101664
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Biomarkers of biological age as predictors of COVID-19 disease severity
AU  - Lauc, Gordan
AU  - Sinclair, David
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Aging
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.18632/aging.103052
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32268300
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in humanitarian settings and lessons learned from past epidemics
AU  - Lau, Ling San
AU  - Samari, Goleen
AU  - Moresky, Rachel T.
AU  - Casey, Sara E.
AU  - Kachur, S. Patrick
AU  - Roberts, Leslie F.
AU  - Zard, Monette
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41591-020-0851-2
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32269357
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Timing of Community Mitigation and Changes in Reported COVID-19 and Community Mobility ― Four U.S. Metropolitan Areas, February 26–April 1, 2020
AU  - Lasry, Arielle
AU  - Kidder, Daniel
AU  - Hast, Marisa
AU  - Poovey, Jason
AU  - Sunshine, Gregory
AU  - Winglee, Kathryn
AU  - Zviedrite, Nicole
AU  - Ahmed, Faruque
AU  - Ethier, Kathleen A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - What is already known on this topic? Implementing community mitigation strategies, including personal protective measures persons should adopt in community settings, social distancing, and environmental cleaning in community settings, during a pandemic can slow the spread of infections. What is added by this report? During February 26–April 1, 2020, community mobility (a proxy measure for social distancing) in the metropolitan areas of Seattle, San Francisco, New York City, and New Orleans declined, decreasing with each community mitigation policy issued and as case counts increased. What are the implications for public health practice? Public policies to increase compliance with community mitigation strategies might be effective in decreasing community mobility; however, more information is needed to assess impact on disease transmission.
JO  - Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6915e2
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Collateral consequences of COVID-19 epidemic in Greater Paris
AU  - Lapostolle, F.
AU  - Agostinucci, J. M.
AU  - Alhéritière, A.
AU  - Petrovic, T.
AU  - Adnet, F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Resuscitation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2020.04.010
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0300957220301477
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Rapid Response of an Academic Surgical Department to the COVID-19 Pandemic: Implications for Patients, Surgeons, and the Community
AU  - Lancaster, Elizabeth M.
AU  - Sosa, Julie A.
AU  - Sammann, Amanda
AU  - Pierce, Logan
AU  - Shen, Wen
AU  - Conte, Michael
AU  - Wick, Elizabeth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: As the COVID-19 pandemic continues to spread, swift actions and preparation are critical for ensuring the best outcomes for patients and providers. We aim to describe our hospital and Department of Surgery's experience in preparing for the COVID-19 pandemic and caring for surgical patients during this unprecedented time. STUDY DESIGN: This is a descriptive study outlining the strategy of a single academic health system for addressing 4 critical issues facing surgical departments during the COVID-19 pandemic: (1) developing a cohesive leadership team and system for frequent communication throughout the department; (2) ensuring adequate hospital capacity to care for an anticipated influx of COVID-19 patients; (3) safeguarding supplies of blood products and personal protective equipment to protect patients and providers; and (4) preparing for an unstable workforce due to illness and competing personal priorities such as childcare. RESULTS: Through collaborative efforts within the Department of Surgery and Hospital, we provided concise and regular communication, reduced operating room volume by 80%, secured a 4-week supply of personal protective equipment, and created reduced staffing protocols with back-up staffing plans. CONCLUSIONS: By developing an enabling infrastructure, a department can nimbly respond to crises like COVID-19 by promoting trust among colleagues and emphasizing an unwavering commitment to excellent patient care. Sharing principles and practical applications of these changes is important to optimize responses across the country and world.
JO  - Journal of the American College of Surgeons
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2020.04.007
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Introducing the Percent, Number, Availability, and Capacity [PNAC] Spatial Approach to Identify Priority Rural Areas Requiring Targeted Health Support in Light of COVID-19: A Commentary and Application
AU  - Lakhani, Ali
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jrh.12436
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in long-term care facilities: an upcoming threat that cannot be ignored
AU  - Lai, Chih-Cheng
AU  - Wang, Jui-Hsiang
AU  - Ko, Wen-Chien
AU  - Yen, Muh-Yong
AU  - Lu, Min-Chi
AU  - Lee, Chun-Ming
AU  - Hsueh, Po-Ren
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2020.04.008
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S168411822030102X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Collaborative Delirium Prevention in the Age of COVID-19
AU  - LaHue, Sara C.
AU  - James, Todd C.
AU  - Newman, John C.
AU  - Esmaili, Armond M.
AU  - Ormseth, Cora H.
AU  - Ely, E. Wesley
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jgs.16480
UR  - http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/jgs.16480
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Dealing with Corona virus anxiety and OCD
AU  - Kumar, Ajay
AU  - Somani, Aditya
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The world is reeling under the crisis caused by corona virus disease (COVID-19), print, electronic and social media are flooded with numerous advisories issued by governments and other national & international agencies. While all this is being done with best of intentions so as to contain the spread of this viral disease, this is causing a significant negative impact on mental health of people specially person of obsessive-compulsive disorder with fear of contamination and excessive washing of hands.
JO  - Asian Journal of Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 102053-102053
SP  - 102053
EP  - 102053
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102053
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876201820301647
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Impact of COVID-19 on Children and Pediatricians
AU  - Kulkarni, Rajesh K.
AU  - Kinikar, Aarti A.
AU  - Chandanwale, Ajay
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Indian pediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Home PAP devices in COVID-19 infected patients
AU  - Kryger, Meir
AU  - Thomas, Robert
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.5664/jcsm.8490
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32268933
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: A Relationship to Climate and Environmental Conditions?
AU  - Kroumpouzos, George
AU  - Gupta, Mrinal
AU  - Jafferany, Mohammad
AU  - Lotti, Torello
AU  - Sadoughifar, Roxanna
AU  - Sitkowska, Zuzanna
AU  - Goldust, Mohamad
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Dermatologic Therapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - e13399-e13399
SP  - e13399
EP  - e13399
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/dth.13399
UR  - http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/dth.13399
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and Home Positive Airway Pressure (PAP) Therapy
AU  - Krishnan, Vidya
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1164/rccm.2020C6
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Level of under-reporting including under-diagnosis before the first peak of COVID-19 in various countries: Preliminary Retrospective Results Based on Wavelets and Deterministic Modeling
AU  - Krantz, Steven G.
AU  - Rao, Arni S. R. Srinivasa
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We have estimated under-reporting of the novel coronavirus or COVID-19 until March 9, 2020, in various countries until the first peak occurred in each of the countries that have reported 500 or more cases of COVID-19 as of March 9, 2020. Our retrospective model-based estimations of under-reporting (including those due to under-diagnosis) will be helpful in the assessment of pandemic preparedness required. The ratio of reported COVID-19 cases to model-based predictions of COVID-19 for eight major countries who have reported 500 or more cases up to March 9, 2020, were provided (See Column l in Table 1). COVID-19 Reporting in France, Germany Italy, and South Korea was comparatively much better than other countries. For the U.S. The data until March 9, 2020 was not sufficient to provide a robust estimate.
JO  - Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-8
SP  - 1
EP  - 8
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/ice.2020.116
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/level-of-underreporting-including-underdiagnosis-before-the-first-peak-of-covid19-in-various-countries-preliminary-retrospective-results-based-on-wavelets-and-deterministic-modeling/93941EEBA650F9C38AC7E4BCB7413F93
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Ethics in the Time of Coronavirus: Recommendations in the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Kramer, Jessica B.
AU  - Brown, Douglas E.
AU  - Kopar, Piroska K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American College of Surgeons
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2020.04.004
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 pandemic: effects and evidence-based recommendations for otolaryngology and head and neck surgery practice
AU  - Kowalski, Luiz P.
AU  - Sanabria, Alvaro
AU  - Ridge, John A.
AU  - Ng, Wai Tong
AU  - de Bree, Remco
AU  - Rinaldo, Alessandra
AU  - Takes, Robert P.
AU  - Mäkitie, Antti A.
AU  - Carvalho, Andre L.
AU  - Bradford, Carol R.
AU  - Paleri, Vinidh
AU  - Hartl, Dana M.
AU  - Poorten, Vincent Vander
AU  - Nixon, Iain J.
AU  - Piazza, Cesare
AU  - Lacy, Peter
AU  - Rodrigo, Juan P.
AU  - Guntinas-Lichius, Orlando
AU  - Mendenhall, William M.
AU  - D'Cruz, Anil
AU  - Lee, Anne W. M.
AU  - Ferlito, Alfio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a highly contagious zoonosis produced by SARS-CoV-2 that is spread human-to-human by respiratory secretions. It was declared by the WHO as a public health emergency. The most susceptible populations, needing mechanical ventilation, are the elderly and people with associated comorbidities. There is an important risk of contagion for anesthetists, dentists, head and neck surgeons, maxillofacial surgeons, ophthalmologists and otolaryngologists. Health workers represent between 3.8% to 20% of the infected population; some 15% will develop severe complaints and among them, many will lose their lives. A large number of patients do not have overt signs and symptoms (fever/respiratory), yet pose a real risk to surgeons (who should know this fact and must therefore apply respiratory protective strategies for all patients they encounter). All interventions that have the potential to aerosolize aerodigestive secretions should be avoided or used only when mandatory. Health workers who are: pregnant, over 55-65 years of age, with a history of chronic diseases (uncontrolled hypertension, diabetes mellitus, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases and all clinical scenarios where immunosuppression is feasible, including that induced to treat chronic inflammatory conditions and organ transplants) should avoid the clinical attention of a potentially infected patient. Healthcare facilities should prioritize urgent and emergency visits and procedures until the present condition stabilizes; truly elective care should cease and discussed on a case-by-case basis for cancer patients. For those who are working with COVID-19 infected patients' isolation is compulsory in the following settings: a) unprotected close contact with COVID-19 pneumonia patients: b) onset of fever, cough, shortness of breath and other symptoms (gastrointestinal complaints, anosmia and dysgeusia have been reported in a minority of cases). For any care or intervention in the upper aerodigestive tract region, irrespective of the setting and a confirmed diagnosis (eg, ; rhinoscopy or flexible laryngoscopy in the outpatient setting and tracheostomy or rigid endoscopy under anesthesia) it is strongly recommended that all healthcare personnel wear personal protective equipment (PPE) such as N95, gown, cap, eye protection and gloves. The procedures described are essential in trying to maintain safety of healthcare workers during COVID-19 pandemic. In particular, otolaryngologists, head and neck, and maxillofacial surgeons are per se exposed to the greatest risk of infection while caring for COVID-19 positive subjects, and their protection should be considered a priority in the present circumstances. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Head & neck
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/hed.26164
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32270581
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cardiovascular Disease and Use of Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibitors in COVID-19
AU  - Kow, Chia Siang
AU  - Zaidi, Syed Tabish Razi
AU  - Hasan, Syed Shahzad
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - There is ongoing debate on the safety of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitors in COVID-19. Recently published studies highlight a potential relationship between cardiovascular disease (CVD) and COVID-19. This article aims to summarize the evidence on the use of RAS inhibitors in CVD patients with COVID-19, focusing on safety issues of the RAS inhibitors and their relationship with COVID-19.
JO  - American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-5
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s40256-020-00406-0
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s40256-020-00406-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Stand Together and Deliver: Challenges and Opportunities for Rheumatology Education During the COVID19 Pandemic
AU  - Koumpouras, Fotios
AU  - Helfgott, Simon
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In a matter of weeks, the COVID19 crisis has totally upended clinical medicine and the practice of rheumatology. Our old ways of seeing patients in person, precepting fellows in clinic or on the consult service, and leading in-person interactive teaching rounds are gone for now and possibly for good. But how can we replace these critical teaching and training elements? Despite the mounting challenges of managing an exploding population of coronavirus infected patients and caregivers, we must find innovative ways to foster our trainees' professional development.
JO  - Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/art.41278
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Re: Ventilation-perfusion Scans During the Coronavirus (COVID-19) Outbreak
AU  - Kooraki, Soheil
AU  - Hosseiny, Melina
AU  - Myers, Lee
AU  - Gholamrezanezhad, Ali
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American College of Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacr.2020.03.028
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1546144020303082
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Introduction. On pandemics: the impact of COVID-19 on the practice of neurosurgery
AU  - Kondziolka, Doug
AU  - Couldwell, William T.
AU  - Rutka, James T.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of neurosurgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3171/2020.3.JNS201007
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Call for international cooperation and collaboration to effectively tackle the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Kokudo, Norihiro
AU  - Sugiyama, Haruhito
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Global Health & Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 2020.01019-2020.01019
SP  - 2020.01019
EP  - 2020.01019
AN  - 
DO  - 10.35772/ghm.2020.01019
UR  - https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/ghm/advpub/0/advpub_2020.01019/_article
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Covid-19 diagnosis : clinical recommendations and performance of nasopharyngeal swab-PCR]
AU  - Kokkinakis, Ioannis
AU  - Selby, Kevin
AU  - Favrat, Bernard
AU  - Genton, Blaise
AU  - Cornuz, Jacques
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The Covid-19 pandemic imposes new diagnostic strategies in order to optimize the medical care of our patients. The current biblio-graphy, although of low quality, shows a sensitivity of 56 to 83 % for the Covid-19 PCR. Even though one negative test can exclude a Covid-19 in the majority of cases, the NPV (Negative Predictive Value) decreases with increasing prevalence (pre-test probability). This finding suggests the need for strict auto-isolation of patients until the resolution of their symptoms. For patients that present with typical symptoms, who have a presumed Covid-19 prevalence of -40-50 %, a negative test should be interpreted with caution and a repeat test may be needed.
JO  - Revue medicale suisse
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 16
IS  - 689
PG  - 699-701
SP  - 699
EP  - 701
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Ways of Protecting Religious Older Adults from the Consequences of COVID-19
AU  - Koenig, Harold G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jagp.2020.04.004
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1064748120302888
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cardiac and arrhythmic complications in Covid-19 patients
AU  - Kochi, Adriano Nunes
AU  - Tagliari, Ana Paula
AU  - Forleo, Giovanni Battista
AU  - Fassini, Gaetano Michele
AU  - Tondo, Claudio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, the world started to face a new pandemic situation, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Although COVID-19 clinical manifestations are mainly respiratory, major cardiac complications are being reported. Cardiac manifestations etiology seems to be multifactorial, comprising direct viral myocardial damage, hypoxia, hypotension, enhanced inflammatory status, ACE2-receptors downregulation, drug toxicity, endogenous catecholamine adrenergic status, among others. Studies evaluating COVID-19 patients presenting cardiac injury markers show that it is associated with poorer outcomes, and arrhythmic events are not uncommon. Besides, drugs currently used to treat the COVID-19 are known to prolong the QT interval and can have a proarrhythmic propensity. This review focus on COVID-19 cardiac and arrhythmic manifestations and, in parallel, makes an appraisal of other virus epidemics as SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and H1N1 influenza. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jce.14479
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32270559
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cardiac and arrhythmic complications in patients with COVID-19
AU  - Kochi, Adriano Nunes
AU  - Tagliari, Ana Paula
AU  - Forleo, Giovanni Battista
AU  - Fassini, Gaetano Michele
AU  - Tondo, Claudio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract In December 2019, the world started to face a new pandemic situation, the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Although coronavirus disease (COVID-19) clinical manifestations are mainly respiratory, major cardiac complications are being reported. Cardiac manifestations etiology seems to be multifactorial, comprising direct viral myocardial damage, hypoxia, hypotension, enhanced inflammatory status, ACE2-receptors downregulation, drug toxicity, endogenous catecholamine adrenergic status, among others. Studies evaluating patients with COVID-19 presenting cardiac injury markers show that it is associated with poorer outcomes, and arrhythmic events are not uncommon. Besides, drugs currently used to treat the COVID-19 are known to prolong the QT interval and can have a proarrhythmic propensity. This review focus on COVID-19 cardiac and arrhythmic manifestations and, in parallel, makes an appraisal of other virus epidemics as SARS-CoV, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, and H1N1 influenza.
JO  - Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jce.14479
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jce.14479
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - NAATP on telemedicine and a ‘disease of isolation’
AU  - Knopf, Alison
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Because of COVID-19 social distancing, many people are unable to go to in-person recovery support meetings, or to treatment. There's not a lot of evidence about telemedicine and substance use disorder (SUD) treatment, because telemedicine is so recent, said Chelsey Cusimano, executive administrator of the National Association of Addiction Treatment Providers (NAATP). But it is all people have now.
JO  - Alcoholism & Drug Abuse Weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 32
IS  - 15
PG  - 6-7
SP  - 6
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/adaw.32689
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/adaw.32689
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - ASAM recommends virtual treatment of SUD for some patients
AU  - Knopf, Alison
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The American Society for Addiction Medicine (ASAM) says residential substance use disorder (SUD) programs should treat patients with COVID-19 virtually, not in person. The organization also says to screen new patients by phone before admission and upon arrival, screen current patients and staff, and, if visitors are permitted, screen them as well. Screening is done clinically, not by test.
JO  - Alcoholism & Drug Abuse Weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 32
IS  - 15
PG  - 4-5
SP  - 4
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/adaw.32687
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/adaw.32687
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Sign-on letter requests more flexibility in methadone treatment during COVID-19
AU  - Knopf, Alison
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A sign-on letter spearheaded by the National Alliance for Medication Assisted Recovery (NAMA), and harm reduction groups, including the Urban Survivors Union (USU) and the Drug Policy Alliance (DPA) is calling for reducing restrictions on methadone and opioid treatment programs (OTPs), so that patients don't have to go to the clinics so often. Included in the over 100 signatories are Patty McCarthy Metcalf of Faces & Voices of Recovery, Ben Levenson of the Levenson Foundation (and former founder of Origins) and many addiction physicians, as well as drug user organizations. Many of the signers have said for months that OTPs should be eliminated entirely.
JO  - Alcoholism & Drug Abuse Weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 32
IS  - 15
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/adaw.32685
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/adaw.32685
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Incidence of thrombotic complications in critically ill ICU patients with COVID-19
AU  - Klok, F. A.
AU  - Kruip, M. J. H. A.
AU  - van der Meer, N. J. M.
AU  - Arbous, M. S.
AU  - Gommers, D. A. M. P. J.
AU  - Kant, K. M.
AU  - Kaptein, F. H. J.
AU  - van Paassen, J.
AU  - Stals, M. A. M.
AU  - Huisman, M. V.
AU  - Endeman, H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Introduction COVID-19 may predispose to both venous and arterial thromboembolism due to excessive inflammation, hypoxia, immobilisation and diffuse intravascular coagulation. Reports on the incidence of thrombotic complications are however not available. Methods We evaluated the incidence of the composite outcome of symptomatic acute pulmonary embolism (PE), deep-vein thrombosis, ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction or systemic arterial embolism in all COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU of 2 Dutch university hospitals and 1 Dutch teaching hospital. Results We studied 184 ICU patients with proven COVID-19 pneumonia of whom 23 died (13%), 22 were discharged alive (12%) and 139 (76%) were still on the ICU on April 5th 2020. All patients received at least standard doses thromboprophylaxis. The cumulative incidence of the composite outcome was 31% (95%CI 20-41), of which CTPA and/or ultrasonography confirmed VTE in 27% (95%CI 17-37%) and arterial thrombotic events in 3.7% (95%CI 0-8.2%). PE was the most frequent thrombotic complication (n = 25, 81%). Age (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 1.05/per year, 95%CI 1.004-1.01) and coagulopathy, defined as spontaneous prolongation of the prothrombin time > 3 s or activated partial thromboplastin time > 5 s (aHR 4.1, 95%CI 1.9-9.1), were independent predictors of thrombotic complications. Conclusion The 31% incidence of thrombotic complications in ICU patients with COVID-19 infections is remarkably high. Our findings reinforce the recommendation to strictly apply pharmacological thrombosis prophylaxis in all COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU, and are strongly suggestive of increasing the prophylaxis towards high-prophylactic doses, even in the absence of randomized evidence.
JO  - Thrombosis Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.thromres.2020.04.013
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0049384820301201
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - La gestión de la asistencia neurológica en tiempos de la pandemia de COVID-19
AU  - Matías-Guiu, Jorge
AU  - Porta-Etessam, Jesus
AU  - Lopez-Valdes, Eva
AU  - Garcia-Morales, Irene
AU  - Guerrero-Solá, Antonio
AU  - Matias-Guiu, Jordi A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Introducción: La pandemia de Covid-19 ha supuesto la necesidad de tomar de decisiones para mantener la asistencia neurológica, sin precedentes. En este artículo se analizan esa toma de decisiones operativas. Desarrollo: Los autores refieren las fórmulas empleadas como son la realización de un plan de reorganización funcional, estrategias para la hospitalización y urgencias, la realización de consultas telefónicas para el mantenimiento de la atención neurológica, la asistencia en una área externa al hospital para pacientes preferentes, las decisiones sobre exploraciones complementarias y tratamientos intrahospitalarios periódicos o implantar un teléfono para la priorización de crisis epilépticas. Conclusión: A pesar de la situación de aislamiento, los servicios de neurología deben mantener la atención de sus pacientes, a través de distintas fórmulas operativas, que como cualquier elemento de gestión, deberán evaluarse. Introduction: The COVID-19 epidemic has led to the need for unprecedented decisions to be made to maintain the provision of neurological care. This article addresses operational decision-making during the epidemic. Development: We report the measures taken, including the preparation of a functional reorganisation plan, strategies for hospitalisation and emergency management, the use of telephone consultations to maintain neurological care, provision of care at a unit outside the hospital for priority patients, decisions about complementary testing and periodic in-hospital treatments, and the use of a specific telephone service to prioritise patients with epileptic seizures. Conclusion: Despite the situation of confinement, neurology departments must continue to provide patient care through different means of operation. Like all elements of management, these must be evaluated.
JO  - Neurología
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nrl.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0213485320300669
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prediction of COVID-19 transmission dynamics using a mathematical model considering behavior changes
AU  - Kim, Soyoung
AU  - Seo, Yu Bin
AU  - Jung, Eunok
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objectives: Since the report of the first confirmed case in Daegu on February 18, 2020, local transmission of COVID-19 in the Republic of Korea has continued. In this study, we aimed to identify the pattern of local transmission of COVID-19 using mathematical modeling and predict the epidemic size and the timing of the end of the spread. Methods: We modeled the COVID-19 outbreak in the Republic of Korea by applying a mathematical model of transmission that factors in behavioral changes. We used the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention data of daily confirmed cases in the country to estimate the nationwide and Daegu/Gyeongbuk area-specific transmission rates as well as behavioral change parameters using a least-squares method. Results: The number of transmissions per infected patient was estimated to be about 10 times higher in the Daegu/Gyeongbuk area than the average of nationwide. Using these estimated parameters, our models predicts that about 13,800 cases will occur nationwide and 11,400 cases in the Daegu/Gyeongbuk area until mid-June. Conclusions: We mathematically demonstrate that the relatively high per-capita rate of transmission and the low rate of changes in behavior have caused a large-scale transmission of COVID-19 in the Daegu/Gyeongbuk area in the Republic of Korea. Since the outbreak is expected to continue until May, nonpharmaceutical interventions that can be sustained over the long term are required.
JO  - Epidemiol Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 0
IS  - 0
PG  - e2020026-0
SP  - e2020026
EP  - 0
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4178/epih.e2020026
UR  - https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2020026 http://www.e-epih.org/journal/view.php?number=1087
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19-related myocarditis in a 21-year-old female patient
AU  - Kim, In-Cheol
AU  - Kim, Jin Young
AU  - Kim, Hyun Ah
AU  - Han, Seongwook
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Heart Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa288
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/advance-article/doi/10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa288/5819437
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Just the Facts: Recommendations on Point of Care Ultrasound Use and Machine Infection Control During the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Kim, Daniel J.
AU  - Jelic, Tomislav
AU  - Woo, Michael Y.
AU  - Heslop, Claire
AU  - Olszynski, Paul
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A 67-year-old male presents to the emergency department (ED) with a 5-day history of fevers and chills, nonproductive cough, myalgias, and malaise. He has a past medical history of hypertension and dyslipidemia. Of note, he was at a dental conference 2 weeks prior where an attendee had tested positive for COVID-19. At triage, his temperature is 38.7 C, heart rate 120, blood pressure 80/40, respiratory rate 24, oxygen saturation 93% on room air. The triage nurse fits the patient with a mask, places him in an individual room, and puts him on contact and droplet precautions.
JO  - CJEM
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-7
SP  - 1
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/cem.2020.364
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/just-the-facts-recommendations-on-point-of-care-ultrasound-use-and-machine-infection-control-during-the-covid19-pandemic/C0015DBD16D90009D8C12CF1CEB80480
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SFM India Oriented Guidelines for Ultrasound Establishments During the COVID 19 Pandemic
AU  - Khurana, Ashok
AU  - Sharma, K. Aparna
AU  - Bachani, Sumitra
AU  - Sahi, Gaurika
AU  - Bhatt, Reema Kumar
AU  - Sahani, Bimal
AU  - Shah, Mohit V.
AU  - Mehta, Sunil
AU  - Gopal, Krishna
AU  - Praveen, T. L. N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Fetal Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-7
SP  - 1
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s40556-020-00254-7
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s40556-020-00254-7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Association of COVID-19 infection with pregnancy outcomes in healthcare workers and general women
AU  - Khan, Suliman
AU  - Jun, Li
AU  - Nawsherwan
AU  - Siddique, Rabeea
AU  - Li, Yanyan
AU  - Han, Guang
AU  - Xue, Mengzhou
AU  - Nabi, Ghulam
AU  - Liu, Jianbo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.cmi.2020.03.034
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - If a coronavirus vaccine arrives, can the world make enough?
AU  - Khamsi, Roxanne
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-01063-8
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preventing COVID-19 in low- and middle-income countries
AU  - Khadka, Sitaram
AU  - Hashmi, Furqan K.
AU  - Usman, Muhammad
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Drugs & Therapy Perspectives
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s40267-020-00728-8
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s40267-020-00728-8
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Dentists’ awareness, perception, and attitude regarding COVID-19 and infection control: A cross-sectional study among Jordanian dentists (Preprint)
AU  - Khader, Yousef
AU  - Nsour, Mohannad Al
AU  - Al-Batayneh, Ola Barakat
AU  - Saadeh, Rami
AU  - Bashier, Haitham
AU  - Alfaqih, Mahmoud
AU  - Al-Azzam, Sayer
AU  - AlShurman, Bara’ Abdallah
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Despite the availability of prevention guidelines and recommendations on infection control, many dental practices lack the minimum requirements for infection control. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the level of awareness, perception, and attitude regarding the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and infection control among Jordanian dentists. METHODS: The study population consisted of dentists who worked in private clinics, hospitals, and health centers in Jordan. An online questionnaire was sent to a sample of Jordanian dentists in March 2020. The questionnaire was comprised of a series of questions about dentists' demographic characteristics; their awareness of the incubation period, the symptoms of the disease, mode of transmission of COVID-19 and infection control measures for preventing COVID-19; and their attitude toward treating patients with COVID-19. RESULTS: This study included a total of 368 dentists aged 22-73 years (mean 32.9 years, SD 10.6 years). A total of 112 (30.4%) dentists had completed a master or residency program in dentistry, 195 (53.0%) had received training in infection control in dentistry, and 28 (7.6%) had attended training or lectures regarding COVID-19. A total of 133 (36.1%) dentists reported that the incubation period is 1-14 days. The majority of dentists were aware of COVID-19 symptoms and ways of identifying patients at risk of having COVID-19, were able to correctly report known modes of transmission, and were aware of measures for preventing COVID-19 transmission in dental clinics. A total of 275 (74.7%) believed that it was necessary to ask patients to sit far from each other, wear masks while in the waiting room, and wash hands before getting in the dental chair to decrease disease transmission. CONCLUSIONS: Jordanian dentists were aware of COVID-19 symptoms, mode of transmission, and infection controls and measures in dental clinics. However, dentists had limited comprehension of the extra precautionary measures that protect the dental staff and other patients from COVID-19. National and international guidelines should be sent by the regional and national dental associations to all registered dentists during a crisis, including the COVID-19 pandemic, to make sure that dentists are well informed and aware of best practices and recommended disease management approaches.
JO  - JMIR public health and surveillance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 6
IS  - 2
PG  - e18798-e18798
SP  - e18798
EP  - e18798
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2196/preprints.18798
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2196/preprints.18798
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin system and SARS-CoV-2 infection
AU  - Kessler, Thorsten
AU  - Schunkert, Heribert
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Herz
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00059-020-04920-4
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32274522
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Softening the blow of the pandemic: will the International Monetary Fund and World Bank make things worse?
AU  - Kentikelenis, Alexander
AU  - Gabor, Daniela
AU  - Ortiz, Isabel
AU  - Stubbs, Thomas
AU  - McKee, Martin
AU  - Stuckler, David
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is not only stretching health systems to their limits, it is rapidly becoming a threat to the entire global economy, on a scale much greater than the 2007–08 financial crisis. Policymakers from high-income countries have been quick to respond, pledging unprecedented amounts of support to citizens and businesses. The EU announced a “no limits” commitment to protect European economies by purchasing sovereign and corporate debt, while the US congress has agreed a US$2 trillion stimulus bill.
JO  - The Lancet Global Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30135-2
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214109X20301352
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The family caregiving crisis meets an actual pandemic
AU  - Kent, Erin E.
AU  - Ornstein, Katherine A.
AU  - Dionne-Odom, J. Nicholas
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Pain and Symptom Management
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2020.04.006
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0885392420302037
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Roll-out of SARS-CoV-2 testing for healthcare workers at a large NHS Foundation Trust in the United Kingdom, March 2020
AU  - Keeley, Alexander J
AU  - Evans, Cariad
AU  - Colton, Hayley
AU  - Ankcorn, Michael
AU  - Cope, Alison
AU  - State, Amy
AU  - Bennett, Tracy
AU  - Giri, Prosenjit
AU  - de Silva, Thushan I
AU  - Raza, Mohammad
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (STH) is one of the UK’s largest foundation trusts, employing ca 17,000 individuals and providing a range of hospital and community services. On 17 March 2020, STH commenced testing of symptomatic staff for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), coordinated by the Occupational Health department. Staff members presenting with an influenza-like illness (defined as a reported fever AND one of: cough, sore throat, runny nose, myalgia, headache) or persistent cough, were directed to self-swab in the on-site assessment pods previously used for testing of ambulatory patients in the community. Written and pictorial instructions were provided to staff to self-swab the back of the oropharynx and then insert the same swab 4–6 cm to the back of the nasopharynx. The Sigma-Virocult swabs (Medical Wire, Corsham, UK), containing viral transport medium, were transported to the hospital laboratory at least four times daily. Nucleic acid extraction was performed using MagNA Pure 96 (Roche Life Sciences, Basel, Switzerland). Real-time RT-PCR was performed using the ABI LightCycler (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, United States) with primers and probes specific for both RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP) and envelope (E) genes [2]. Samples with positive amplification curves for both RdRP and E, or samples with an E amplification curve alone and a cycle threshold less than 35, were considered positive. Samples with E amplification alone but a cycle threshold of 35 or greater were considered indeterminate and sent away for further testing. RNAaseP was used as an internal control to ensure good cellular content of the sample. The majority of test results were communicated to staff on the same or the next day. Staff with a negative SARS-CoV-2 test were able to return to work if they felt well enough to do so. The policy was authorised by hospital management on 17 March.
JO  - Eurosurveillance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 25
IS  - 14
PG  - 2000433
SP  - 2000433
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.14.2000433
UR  - https://eurosurveillance.org/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.14.2000433
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Risk of COVID-19 for patients with obesity
AU  - Kassir, Radwan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/obr.13034
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - G6PD and chloroquine: selecting the treatment against SARS-CoV-2?
AU  - Kassi, Eva N.
AU  - Papavassiliou, Kostas A.
AU  - Papavassiliou, Athanasios G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In light of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19) pandemic and the possible widespread use of chloroquine (a member of the drug class 4-aminoquinoline primarily used to prevent and treat malaria and amebiasis) and its derivatives (e.g. hydroxychloroquine, a metabolite of chloroquine),(1) a safety issue is addressed, concerning the selection of patients suitable to receive it. HCov-229E is one of the four flu-causing coronaviruses which share great sequence similitude, while many symptoms of patients infected with COVID-19 resemble those of patients infected with these known flu-causing coronaviruses.(2) A previous study reported that human lung epithelial A549 cells treated with glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) interfering RNA (RNAi) to lower G6PD activity displayed augmented (12-fold) viral production in comparison to normal counterparts when infected with coronavirus HCov-229E. Moreover, viral replication in these G6PD-deficient cells was found to be 3-fold higher than normal cells, following a 10-h incubation, as estimated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR).(3) G6PD deficiency remains the most common human enzymatic disorder of red blood cells worldwide.
JO  - Journal of cellular and molecular medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jcmm.15312
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Practical Guidance for Managing EMG Requests and Testing during the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Kassardjian, Charles D.
AU  - Desai, Urvi
AU  - Narayanaswami, Pushpa
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 pandemic has necessitated cancelation of elective or non-urgent contact with the healthcare system, including non-urgent nerve conduction studies and electromyography (electrodiagnostic [EDX] studies). The definitions of elective and non-urgent are physician judgments, and often are not straightforward. Clinical care must be provided to help our patients in a timely manner, while keeping them, health care personnel and the community safe. Benefit/risk stratification is an important part of this process. We have stratified EDX studies into 3 categories: Urgent, Non-urgent and Possibly Urgent, in an effort to help clinicians triage these referrals. For each category, we provide a rationale and some examples. However, each referral must be reviewed on a case-by-case basis, and the clinical situation will evolve over time, necessitating flexibility in managing EDX triaging. Engaging the referring clinician and, at times, the patient, may be useful in the triage process. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Muscle & nerve
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/mus.26891
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Bolstering the Surgical Response to COVID-19: How Virtual Technology will Save Lives and Safeguard Surgical Practice
AU  - Karim, Jamila S.
AU  - Hachach-Haram, Nadine
AU  - Dasgupta, Prokar
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The authors of "COVID-19 and Urology: A Comprehensive Review of Literature" have written a perceptive article which clearly outlines the complex challenges that COVID-19 is posing to urological surgeons and, indeed, the global surgical community at-large. (1).
JO  - BJU international
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/bju.15080
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mortality of a pregnant patient diagnosed with COVID-19: A case report with clinical, radiological, and histopathological findings
AU  - Karami, Parisa
AU  - Naghavi, Maliheh
AU  - Feyzi, Abdolamir
AU  - Aghamohammadi, Mehdi
AU  - Novin, Mohammad Sadegh
AU  - Mobaien, Ahmadreza
AU  - Qorbanisani, Mohamad
AU  - Karami, Aida
AU  - Norooznezhad, Amir Hossein
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This report highlights details on a pregnant case of COVID-19 who unfortunately did not survive. This 27-year-old woman at her 30 and 3/7 weeks’ gestation was referred to our center with fever, myalgia, and cough. The laboratory investigations showed leukopenia and lymphopenia as well as increased creatinine and CRP levels. The first chest X-ray (faint bilateral patchy opacities) and CT scan (some faint subpleural ground-glass opacities associated with pleural thickening) were not typical for initial COVID-19 pulmonary infection, however, the treatment for COVID-19 was started. Due to respiratory distress, she was intubated and put under mechanical ventilation. After a while, the fetus was born with Apgar score of 0 and did not react to the neonatal cardiopulmonary resuscitation protocol. Finally, due to deterioration in the clinical and imaging findings, the patient was expired as a result of multi-organ failure. Following the death, autopsy was performed and the histopathologic evaluations of the lungs showed evidence of viral pneumonia (viral cytopathic effect and a mild increase in alveolar wall thickness) and ARDS (hyaline membrane). Also, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection in the lungs. To our knowledge, this is the first report of maternal death with confirmed COVID-19 infection.
JO  - Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101665-101665
SP  - 101665
EP  - 101665
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101665
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893920301332
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Homeless mentally ill people and COVID-19 pandemic: The two-way sword for LMICs
AU  - Kar, Sujita Kumar
AU  - Yasir Arafat, S. M.
AU  - Marthoenis, Marthoenis
AU  - Kabir, Russell
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Asian Journal of Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 102067-102067
SP  - 102067
EP  - 102067
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102067
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876201820301787
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Pandemic and addiction: Current problems and future concerns
AU  - Kar, Sujita Kumar
AU  - Arafat, S. M. Yasir
AU  - Sharma, Pawan
AU  - Dixit, Ayushi
AU  - Marthoenis, Marthoenis
AU  - Kabir, Russell
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Asian Journal of Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 102064-102064
SP  - 102064
EP  - 102064
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102064
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876201820301751
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cardiovascular risks of hydroxychloroquine in treatment and prophylaxis of COVID-19 patients: A scientific statement from the Indian Heart Rhythm Society
AU  - Kapoor, Aditya
AU  - Pandurangi, Ulhas
AU  - Arora, Vanita
AU  - Gupta, Anoop
AU  - Jaswal, Aparna
AU  - Nabar, Ashish
AU  - Naik, Ajay
AU  - Naik, Nitish
AU  - Namboodiri, Narayanan
AU  - Vora, Amit
AU  - Yadav, Rakesh
AU  - Saxena, Anil
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Not needed.
JO  - Indian pacing and electrophysiology journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.ipej.2020.04.003
UR  - 
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Digital healthcare: The only solution for better healthcare during COVID-19 pandemic?
AU  - Kapoor, Aditya
AU  - Guha, Santanu
AU  - Kanti Das, Mrinal
AU  - Goswami, Kewal C.
AU  - Yadav, Rakesh
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The huge impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on global healthcare systems has prompted search for novel tools to stem the tide. Attention has turned to the digital health community to provide possible health solutions in this time of unprecedented medical crisis to mitigate the impact of this pandemic. The paper shall focus on how digital solutions can impact healthcare during this pandemic.
JO  - Indian Heart Journal
PB  - 
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AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ihj.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0019483220300584
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Comprehensive Literature Review on the Clinical Presentation, and Management of the Pandemic Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
AU  - Kakodkar, Pramath
AU  - Kaka, Nagham
AU  - Baig, M. N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a declared global pandemic. There are multiple parameters of the clinical course and management of the COVID-19 that need optimization. A hindrance to this development is the vast amount of misinformation present due to scarcely sourced manuscript preprints and social media. This literature review aims to presents accredited and the most current studies pertaining to the basic sciences of SARS-CoV-2, clinical presentation and disease course of COVID-19, public health interventions, and current epidemiological developments. The review on basic sciences aims to clarify the jargon in virology, describe the virion structure of SARS-CoV-2 and present pertinent details relevant to clinical practice. Another component discussed is the brief history on the series of experiments used to explore the origins and evolution of the phylogeny of the viral genome of SARS-CoV-2. Additionally, the clinical and epidemiological differences between COVID-19 and other infections causing outbreaks (SARS, MERS, H1N1) are elucidated. Emphasis is placed on evidence-based medicine to evaluate the frequency of presentation of various symptoms to create a stratification system of the most important epidemiological risk factors for COVID-19. These can be used to triage and expedite riskassessment.Furthermore, the limitations and statistical strength of the diagnostic tools currently in clinical practice are evaluated. Criteria on rapid screening, discharge from hospital and discontinuation of self-quarantine are clarified. Epidemiological factors influencing the rapid rate of spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus are described. Accurate information pertinent to improving prevention strategies is also discussed. The penultimate portion of the review aims to explain the involvement of micronutrients such as vitamin C and vitamin Din COVID19 treatment and prophylaxis. Furthermore, the biochemistry of the major candidates for novel therapies is briefly reviewed and a summary of their current status in the clinical trials is presented. Lastly, the current scientific data and status of governing bodies such as the Center of Disease Control (CDC) and the WHO on the usage of controversial therapies such as angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (Ibuprofen), and corticosteroids usage in COVID-19 are discussed. The composite collection of accredited studies on each of these subtopics of COVID-19 within this review will enable clarification and focus on the current status and directionin the planning of the management of this global pandemic.
JO  - Cureus
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 12
IS  - 4
PG  - e7560-e7560
SP  - e7560
EP  - e7560
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7759/cureus.7560
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Ultrasound in pregnancy during Corona-Virus Pandemic: a practical approach]
AU  - Kagan, Karl Oliver
AU  - Chaoui, Rabih
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Ultraschall in der Medizin (Stuttgart, Germany : 1980)
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1055/a-1152-4550
UR  - 
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Safety considerations with chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin in the management of SARS-CoV-2 infection
AU  - Juurlink, David N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1503/cmaj.200528
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32269021
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Integrated Hospital Quarantine System against COVID-19
AU  - Juang, Shian-Fei
AU  - Chiang, Hsiu-Chu
AU  - Tsai, Ming-Ju
AU  - Huang, Ming-Kuo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Kaohsiung journal of medical sciences
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/kjm2.12216
UR  - 
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 , School Closings and Weight Gain
AU  - Joob, Beuy
AU  - Wiwanitkit, Viroj
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We found the publication on "COVID-19 Related School Closings and Risk of Weight Gain Among Children" to be interesting.(1) Rundle et al. noted that "we anticipate that the COVID-19 pandemic will likely double out-of-school time this year for many children in the U.S. and will exacerbate the risk factors for weight gain associated with summer recess."(1) In fact, there are several factors relating to nutritional status of the children. We would like to share observations from Thailand, the second country in the timeline of COVID-19.(2) In Thailand, school aged children in rural areas where COVID-19 disease outbreak exists are usually underweight.(3) Thus, school closing means the children have to live with poor parents adding to economic problems of the family.
JO  - Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/oby.22825
UR  - 
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Various forms of skin rash in COVID-19 : a reply
AU  - Joob, Beuy
AU  - Wiwanitkit, Viroj
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2020.04.035
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0190962220306125
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Medical personnel, COVID-19 and emotional impact
AU  - Joob, Beuy
AU  - Wiwanitkit, Viroj
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Psychiatry Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 112952-112952
SP  - 112952
EP  - 112952
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112952
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165178120306296
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Virtual Interviews in the Era of COVID-19: A Primer for Applicants
AU  - Jones, Ruth Ellen
AU  - Abdelfattah, Kareem R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - PROBLEM: The COVID-19 pandemic is an evolving crisis with widespread impact upon our medical system, including senior trainee travel for fellowship interviews. Numerous institutions have conscientiously deferred in-person interviews or virtual formats. Given the competitive nature of fellowship interviews, candidates may express concern that they are at a disadvantage in engaging in online meetings versus live, on-site interviews, and similarly may feel ill prepared to perform optimally during online interviews. APPROACH: We draw upon our experience with online interview platforms in this guide for fellowship candidates who are rapidly adapting to new technology and styles associated with videoconference interviews so that they can best promote themselves for competitive positions.
JO  - Journal of surgical education
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jsurg.2020.03.020
UR  - 
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Donning and doffing of personal protective equipment (PPE) for angiography during the COVID-19 crisis
AU  - John, Thadathilankal-Jess
AU  - Hassan, Karim
AU  - Weich, Hellmuth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European heart journal
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa283
UR  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Structure of Mpro from COVID-19 virus and discovery of its inhibitors
AU  - Jin, Zhenming
AU  - Du, Xiaoyu
AU  - Xu, Yechun
AU  - Deng, Yongqiang
AU  - Liu, Meiqin
AU  - Zhao, Yao
AU  - Zhang, Bing
AU  - Li, Xiaofeng
AU  - Zhang, Leike
AU  - Peng, Chao
AU  - Duan, Yinkai
AU  - Yu, Jing
AU  - Wang, Lin
AU  - Yang, Kailin
AU  - Liu, Fengjiang
AU  - Jiang, Rendi
AU  - Yang, Xinglou
AU  - You, Tian
AU  - Liu, Xiaoce
AU  - Yang, Xiuna
AU  - Bai, Fang
AU  - Liu, Hong
AU  - Liu, Xiang
AU  - Guddat, Luke W.
AU  - Xu, Wenqing
AU  - Xiao, Gengfu
AU  - Qin, Chengfeng
AU  - Shi, Zhengli
AU  - Jiang, Hualiang
AU  - Rao, Zihe
AU  - Yang, Haitao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A new coronavirus (CoV) identified as COVID-19 virus is the etiological agent responsible for the 2019-2020 viral pneumonia outbreak that commenced in Wuhan1–4. Currently there are no targeted therapeutics and effective treatment options remain very limited. In order to rapidly discover lead compounds for clinical use, we initiated a program of combined structure-assisted drug design, virtual drug screening and high-throughput screening to identify new drug leads that target the COVID-19 virus main protease (Mpro). Mpro is a key CoV enzyme, which plays a pivotal role in mediating viral replication and transcription, making it an attractive drug target for this virus5,6. Here, we identified a mechanism-based inhibitor, N3, by computer-aided drug design and subsequently determined the crystal structure of COVID-19 virus Mpro in complex with this compound. Next, through a combination of structure-based virtual and high-throughput screening, we assayed over 10,000 compounds including approved drugs, drug candidates in clinical trials, and other pharmacologically active compounds as inhibitors of Mpro. Six of these compounds inhibited Mpro with IC50 values ranging from 0.67 to 21.4 μM. Ebselen also exhibited promising antiviral activity in cell-based assays. Our results demonstrate the efficacy of this screening strategy, which can lead to the rapid discovery of drug leads with clinical potential in response to new infectious diseases for which no specific drugs or vaccines are available.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
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AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41586-020-2223-y
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2223-y
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recommendation for the diagnosis and treatment of novel coronavirus infection in children in Hubei (Trial version 1)
AU  - Jin, R. M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, a cluster of patients have been diagnosed to be infected with 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in Wuhan, China. The epidemic has been spreading to other areas of the country and abroad. A few cases have progressed rapidly to acute respiratory distress syndrome and/or multiple organ function failure. The epidemiological survey has indicated that the general population is susceptible to 2019-nCoV. A total of 14 children (6 months to 14 years of age, including 5 cases in Wuhan) have been confirmed to be infected with 2019-nCoV in China so far. In order to further standardize and enhance the clinical management of 2019-nCoV infection in children, reduce the incidence, and decrease the number of severe cases, we have formulated this diagnosis and treatment recommendation according to the recent information at home and abroad.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 22
IS  - 2
PG  - 96-99
SP  - 96
EP  - 99
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2020.02.003
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005483845 http://dx.doi.org/10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2020.02.003
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Distribución temporal, geográfica y por población de la nueva enfermedad por coronavirus (COVID-19) desde el 20 de enero hasta el 10 de febrero del 2020, en China
AU  - Jin, Lairun
AU  - Zhao, Ying
AU  - Zhou, Jun
AU  - Tao, Mengjun
AU  - Yang, Yang
AU  - Wang, Xingyu
AU  - Ye, Pinkai
AU  - Shan, Shajia
AU  - Yuan, Hui
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Resumen Antecedentes y objetivo: Desde diciembre del 2019, se está detectando en el mundo un incremento de casos de una nueva enfermedad causada por el coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19). El objetivo de este artículo es proporcionar recomendaciones científicas para la prevención y el control de la COVID-19 en todo el mundo. Métodos: Se han recopilado características demográficas generales, antecedentes epidemiológicos y síntomas clínicos de la COVID-19 recogidos en los sitios web de múltiples Comisiones Municipales de Salud en China. Aquí describimos las distribuciones temporales, geográficas y de población de la COVID-19. Resultados: Hasta la medianoche del 10 de febrero del 2020, el número de casos confirmados de COVID-19 en China fue de 42.638, siendo Hubei la provincia con un mayor número de casos confirmados (31.728), seguida por Guangdong (1.177), Zhejiang (1.117) y la provincia de Henan (1.105), en China. El número de casos y la velocidad de confirmación en otras provincias fue más moderada que en la provincia de Hubei. La mediana (rango intecuartílico) de edad de 1.740 pacientes de COVID-19 fue de 44 años (33, 54), con un rango desde los 10 meses a los 89 años. Conclusiones: La epidemia de COVID-19 se ha de considerar como una amenaza mundial, y los pasos encaminados para su control incluyen el diagnóstico temprano y su tratamiento, así como el aislamiento. Summary Background and objective: Since December 2019, increasing cases of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are being detected worldwide. The purpose of this paper is to provide a scientific reference for the global prevention and control of COVID-19. Methods: General demographic characteristics, epidemiological history, and clinical symptoms of COVID-19 were collected that had been reported on the websites of multiple Municipal Health Commissions in China. We herein describe distributions in time, place, and population of COVID-19. Results: As of midnight on February 10, 2020, the number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 in China was 42,638, and the province with the largest number of confirmed cases was Hubei (31728), followed by Guangdong (1177), Zhejiang (1117), and Henan (1105) province. The number of cases and the speed of confirmed cases in provinces other than Hubei were more moderate than those of the Hubei province. The median (interquartile range) age of 1740 patients with COVID-19 was 44 (33, 54) years, with a range of 10 months to 89 years. Conclusions: The COVID-19 epidemic should be considered a global threat and the steps for control include early diagnosis and treatment, as well as isolation.
JO  - Revista Clínica Española
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DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rce.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0014256520301077
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Reply to “COVID-19 can present with a rash and be mistaken for Dengue”: Petechial rash in a patient with COVID-19 infection
AU  - Jimenez-Cauhe, Juan
AU  - Ortega-Quijano, Daniel
AU  - Prieto-Barrios, Marta
AU  - Moreno-Arrones, Oscar M.
AU  - Fernandez-Nieto, Diego
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2020.04.016
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0190962220305569
NS  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Treatment experience of burn patients combined with inhalation injury during epidemic period of Corona Virus Disease 2019
AU  - Jiang, N. N.
AU  - Wang, D. Y.
AU  - Chen, L.
AU  - Xie, W. G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To introduce Treatment experience of burn patients combined with inhalation injury during epidemic period of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: Six burn patients combined with inhalation injury were hospitalized in Department of Burns of Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University& Wuhan Third Hospital from February 1 to March 1 in 2020duringhigh-incidence period of COVID-19, including 4 males and 2 females, aged 21-63 years, hospitalized for 2-4 hours, with total burn areas of 1%-20% TBSA and full-thickness burn areas of 1%-12% TBSA. Among them, 1 case was severe inhalation injury, 2 cases were mild inhalation injury, and 3 cases were moderate inhalation injury. The body temperatures of the patients were normal at admission without fever or cough in the past 2 weeks. At admission, chest CT of one patient showed double lower lobes and left upper lobes had multiple slices and slightly high-density shadow of nodules. Chest CT of two patients showed bilateral lung texture was thickening, and chest CT of other patients was normal. After admission, 6 patients were given routine treatment, the medical staffs paid attention to the protection and screened COVID-19 according to the diagnosis and treatment plan of COVID-19. On post injury day (PID) 1, 3, 6, and 9, vein blood of patients were collected for determination of white blood cell (WBC) count, neutrophil, lymphocyte absolute value. and level of procalcitonin (PCT). Nucleic acid of novel coronavirus was detected by real-time fluorescence reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction on PID 3 and 6. The temperatures of patients were recorded after admission. The results of chest CT within one week after injury and the prognosis of the patients were recorded. Measurement data distributed normally were expressed as x Â± s, and measurement data distributed abnormally were expressed as M (P(25), P(75)). Results: (1) On PID1, 3, 6, and 9, WBC counts of patients were respectively (19.8Â±3.8)*10(9)/L, (17.2Â±3.4)*10(9)/L,(13.3Â±3.1)*10(9)/L, and (11.1Â±1.6)*10(9)/L, neutrophils of patients were respectively0.919Â±0.019,0.899Â±0.011, 0.855Â±0.034, and0.811Â±0.035, absolute values of lymphocytes of patients were respectively(0.65Â±0.18)*10(9)/L,(0.65Â±0.24)*10(9)/L,(0.91Â±0.34)*10(9)/L, and (1.23Â±0.42)*10(9)/L,and PCT values of patients were respectively0.49 (0.36, 1.64), 0.39 (0.26, 0.73), 0.28 (0.18, 0.33), and 0.12 (0.11, 0.20) ng/mL.The values of WBC and neutrophils of patients were higher than the normal value, showing a downward trend. The absolute values of lymphocyte of patients returned to the normal value gradually. The PCT values of patients were higher than the normal value. (2) Nucleic acid test results of novel coronavirus of 6 patients were negative on PID 3 and 6. The temperatures of patients were from 36.5 to 38.6 â„ƒ. The typical imaging features of COVID-19 were not found in 6 patients within 1 week after injury by chest CT. After treatment for 14-32 days, 6 patients were cured and discharged. Conclusions: During the novel coronavirus, burn patients combined with inhalation injury should be treated under condition of good protection for COVID-19 among doctors and nurses. Meanwhile, virus should be actively screened to reduce the risk of COVID-19 infection among doctors and patients. ç›®çš„ï¼š ä»‹ç»æ–°åž‹å† çŠ¶ç—…æ¯’è‚ºç‚Žï¼ˆCOVID-19ï¼‰ç–«æƒ…æœŸé—´çƒ§ä¼¤ä¼´å¸å…¥æ€§æŸä¼¤æ‚£è€…çš„æ•‘æ²»ä½“ä¼šã€‚ æ–¹æ³•ï¼š 2020å¹´2æœˆ1æ—¥3æœˆ1æ—¥COVID-19ç–«æƒ…é«˜å‘æœŸé—´æ­¦æ±‰å¤§å­¦åŒä»åŒ»é™¢æš¨æ­¦æ±‰å¸‚ç¬¬ä¸‰åŒ»é™¢çƒ§ä¼¤ç§‘æ”¶æ²»çƒ§ä¼¤ä¼´å¸å…¥æ€§æŸä¼¤æ‚£è€…6ä¾‹ï¼Œå…¶ä¸­ç”·4ä¾‹ã€å¥³2ä¾‹ï¼Œå¹´ é¾„ä¸º21~63å²ï¼Œå…¥é™¢æ—¶é—´ä¸º2~4 hï¼Œçƒ§ä¼¤æ€»é¢ç§¯ä¸º1%~20%TBSAï¼Œâ…¢åº¦çƒ§ä¼¤é¢ç§¯ä¸º1%~12%TBSAã€‚å…¶ä¸­1ä¾‹é‡åº¦å¸å…¥æ€§æŸä¼¤ã€2ä¾‹è½»åº¦å¸å…¥æ€§æŸä¼¤ã€3ä¾‹ä¸­åº¦å¸å…¥æ€§æŸä¼¤ã€‚æ‚£è€…å…¥ é™¢æ—¶ä½“æ¸©å‡æ­£å¸¸ï¼Œè¿‘2å‘¨æ— å‘çƒ­ã€å’³å—½ã€‚å…¥é™¢æ—¶ï¼Œ1ä¾‹æ‚£è€…èƒ¸éƒ¨CTç¤ºåŒè‚ºä¸‹å¶ã€å·¦è‚ºä¸Šå¶è§å¤šå‘æ¡ç‰‡çŠ¶åŠç»“èŠ‚ç¨é«˜å¯†åº¦å½±ï¼Œ2ä¾‹æ‚£è€…èƒ¸éƒ¨CTç¤ºåŒè‚ºçº¹ç†å¢žç²—ï¼Œå…¶ ä½™æ‚£è€…èƒ¸éƒ¨CTæ­£å¸¸ã€‚å…¥é™¢åŽç»™äºˆ6ä¾‹æ‚£è€…å¸¸è§„æ²» –—ï¼ŒæœŸé—´åŒ»æŠ¤äººå‘˜æ³¨æ„é˜²æŠ¤ï¼Œå¹¶å‚ç…§COVID-19è¯Šç–—æ–¹æ¡ˆç­›æŸ¥COVID-19ã€‚ä¼¤åŽ1ã€3ã€6ã€9 då–æ‚£è€…é™è„‰è¡€æ£€æµ‹ç™½ç»†èƒžè®¡æ•°ã€ä¸­æ€§ç²’ç»†èƒžã€æ·‹å·´ç»†èƒžç»å¯¹å€¼ã€é™é’™ç´ åŽŸæ°´å¹³ã€‚ä¼¤åŽ3ã€6 dè¡Œå®žæ—¶è§å…‰åè½¬å½•PCRæ–°åž‹å† çŠ¶ç—…æ¯’æ ¸é…¸æ£€æµ‹ã€‚å…¥é™¢åŽè®°å½•æ‚£è€…ä½“æ¸©ã€‚è®°å½•ä¼¤åŽ1å‘¨å†…èƒ¸éƒ¨CTæ£€æŸ¥ç»“æžœå’Œæ‚£è€…çš„é¢„åŽæƒ…å†µã€‚å‘ˆæ­£æ€åˆ†å¸ƒçš„è®¡é‡èµ„æ–™ä»¥ x Â± sè¡¨ç¤ºï¼Œéžæ­£æ€åˆ†å¸ƒçš„è®¡é‡èµ„æ–™ä»¥M(P(25)ï¼ŒP(75))è¡¨ç¤ºã€‚ ç»“æžœï¼š ï¼ˆ1ï¼‰ä¼¤åŽ1ã€3ã€6ã€9 dæ‚£è€…çš„ç™½ç»†èƒžè®¡æ•°åˆ†åˆ«ä¸ºï¼ˆ19.8Â±3.8ï¼‰*10(9)/Lã€ï¼ˆ17.2Â±3.4ï¼‰*10(9)/Lã€ï¼ˆ13.3Â±3.1ï¼‰*10(9)/Lã€ï¼ˆ11 .1Â±1.6ï¼‰*10(9)/Lï¼Œä¸­æ€§ç²’ç»†èƒžåˆ†åˆ«ä¸º0.919Â±0.019ã€0.899Â±0.011ã€0.855Â±0.034ã€0.811Â±0.035ï¼Œ æ·‹å·´ç»†èƒžç»å¯¹å€¼åˆ†åˆ«ä¸ºï¼ˆ0.65Â±0.18ï¼‰*10(9)/Lã€ï¼ˆ0.65Â±0.24ï¼‰*10(9)/Lã€ï¼ˆ0.91Â±0.34ï¼‰*10(9)/Lã€ï¼ˆ1 .23Â±0.42ï¼‰*10(9)/Lï¼Œé™é’™ç´ åŽŸæ°´å¹³åˆ†åˆ«ä¸º0.49ï¼ˆ0.36ï¼Œ1.64ï¼‰ã€0.39ï¼ˆ0.26ï¼Œ0.73ï¼‰ã€0.28ï¼ˆ0.18ï¼Œ0.3 3ï¼‰ã€0.12ï¼ˆ0.11ï¼Œ0.20ï¼‰ng/mLï¼›ç™½ç»†èƒžè®¡æ•°ã€ä¸­æ€§ç²’ç»†èƒžå‡é«˜äºŽæ­£å¸¸å€¼ï¼Œå‘ˆä¸‹é™è¶‹åŠ¿ï¼›æ·‹å·´ç»†èƒžç»å¯¹å€¼äºŽä¼¤åŽ6 dèµ·æ¢å¤è‡³æ­£å¸¸å€¼ï¼›é™é’™ç´ åŽŸæ°´å¹³å‡é«˜äºŽæ­£å¸¸å€¼ã€‚ï¼ˆ2ï¼‰ä¼¤åŽ3ã€6 dï¼Œ 6ä¾‹æ‚£è€…æ–°åž‹å† çŠ¶ç—…æ¯’æ ¸é…¸æ£€æµ‹ç»“æžœå‡å‘ˆé˜´æ€§ã€‚6ä¾‹æ‚£è€…ä½“æ¸©æ³¢åŠ¨èŒƒå›´ä¸º36.5~38.6 â„ƒã€‚ä¼¤åŽ1å‘¨å†…6ä¾‹æ‚£è€…èƒ¸éƒ¨CTæœªç­›æŸ¥å‡ºCOVID-19å…¸åž‹å½±åƒå­¦ç‰¹å¾ã€‚ç»æ²»ç–—14~32 dï¼Œ6ä¾‹æ‚£è€…å‡æ²»æ„ˆå‡ºé™¢ã€‚ ç»“è®ºï¼š åœ¨COVID-19ç–«æƒ…æœŸé—´ï¼Œçƒ§ä¼¤ä¼´å¸å…¥æ€§æŸä¼¤æ‚£è€…åº”åœ¨åšå¥½åŒ»æŠ¤é˜²æŠ¤çš„æ¡ä»¶ä¸‹æ•‘æ²»ï¼ŒåŒæ—¶åº”ç§¯æžæŽ’æŸ¥ç—…æ¯’ï¼Œå‡å°‘åŒ»æ‚£æ„ŸæŸ“COVID-19é£Žé™©ã€‚.
JO  - Zhonghua shao shang za zhi = Zhonghua shaoshang zazhi = Chinese journal of burns
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 36
IS  - 0
PG  - E007-E007
SP  - E007
EP  - E007
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn501120-20200308-00135
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Challenges of methadone maintenance treatment during the COVID-19 epidemic in China: policy and service recommendations
AU  - Jiang, Haifeng
AU  - Su, Hang
AU  - Zhang, Changchun
AU  - Liu, Xuebing
AU  - Li, Ruihua
AU  - Zhong, Na
AU  - Zhao, Min
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Neuropsychopharmacology
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2020.03.018
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0924977X20300936
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recurrent PCR positivity after hospital discharge of people with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
AU  - Jiang, Dr Minlin
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.024
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.024
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Sustained research fund and dedicated research center for preparing next pandemic
AU  - Jia, Hongpeng
AU  - Wu, Min
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>The current COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus is imposing a great threat to human lives and international panic that is not seen since WWII, resulting in financial crisis, daily life disturbance, transportation shutdown, industry disruption, and countries/cities lockdown in every corner of the globe. The inability to effectively contain the virus indicates that our investment and attention in research, prevention, and treatment development for this type of deadly viruses is insufficient, considering it has been 17 years since the brother coronavirus, SARS-CoV outbreak. The biggest lesson learned from the acrimonious past experiences is that humans quickly lose memory and do not continue to support related research when a pandemic is gone. It is the very time for the government, industry, and private foundations to work together to respond to this wake-up call and to take extraordinary measures to sustain the research support and establish comprehensive research centers. Only this level response may give us a hope to prepare the future and adequately deal with the next potential pandemic caused by emerging devastating viral infections.</p>
JO  - Precision Clinical Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/pcmedi/pbaa012
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/pcm/advance-article/doi/10.1093/pcmedi/pbaa012/5819034
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prediction for Progression Risk in Patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia: the CALL Score
AU  - Ji, Dong
AU  - Zhang, Dawei
AU  - Xu, Jing
AU  - Chen, Zhu
AU  - Yang, Tieniu
AU  - Zhao, Peng
AU  - Chen, Guofeng
AU  - Cheng, Gregory
AU  - Wang, Yudong
AU  - Bi, Jingfeng
AU  - Tan, Lin
AU  - Lau, George
AU  - Qin, Enqiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND We aimed to clarify the high-risk factors with multivariate analysis and establish a prediction of disease progression, so as to help clinicians to better choose therapeutic strategy. METHODS All the consecutive patients with COVID-19 admitted to Fuyang second people's hospital or the fifth medical center of Chinese PLA general hospital between January 20 and February 22, 2020, were enrolled and their clinical data were retrospectively collected. Multivariate COX regression was used to identify the risk factors associated with progression, and then were incorporated into the nomogram to establish a novel prediction scoring model. ROC was used to assess the performance of the novel model. RESULTS Overall, 208 patients were divided into stable group (n=168, 80.8%) and progressive group (n=40,19.2%) based on whether their conditions worsened during the hospitalization Univariate and multivariate analysis showed that comorbidity, older age, lower lymphocyte and higher lactate dehydrogenase at presentation were independent high-risk factors for COVID-19 progression. Incorporating these 4 factors, the nomogram achieved good concordance indexes of 0.86 (95%CI 0.81 - 0.91), and had well-fitted calibration curves. A novel scoring model, named as CALL, was established, and its area under ROC was 0.91 (95% CI 0.86 to 0.94). Using a cutoff value of 6 points, the positive and negative predictive values were 50.7% (38.9% - 62.4%) and 98.5% (94.7% - 99.8%), respectively. CONCLUSION Using the CALL score model, clinicians can improve the therapeutic effect and reduce the mortality of COVID-19 with more accurate and reasonable resolutions on medical resources.
JO  - Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa414
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32271369
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Implication of non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD) in patients with COVID-19: a preliminary analysis
AU  - Ji, Dong
AU  - Qin, Enqiang
AU  - Xu, Jing
AU  - Zhang, Dawei
AU  - Cheng, Gregory
AU  - Wang, Yudong
AU  - Lau, George
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of hepatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jhep.2020.03.044
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Echoes of 2009 Pandemic H1N1 Influenza with the COVID Pandemic
AU  - Jhaveri, Ravi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The SARS CoV-2 pandemic that has engulfed the globe has had incredible effects on health systems and economic activity. Social distancing and school closures have played a central role in public health efforts to counter the COVID-19 pandemic. The most recent global pandemic prior to COVID-19 was with 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza. The course of events in 2009 offer some rich lessons that could be applied to the current COVID-19 pandemic. This commentary highlights some of the most relevant points and a discussion of possible outcomes with the COVID-19 pandemic.
JO  - Clinical Therapeutics
PB  - 
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AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinthera.2020.04.003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0149291820301892
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 During the Opioid Epidemic - Exacerbation of Stigma and Vulnerabilities
AU  - Jenkins, Wiley D.
AU  - Bolinski, Rebecca
AU  - Bresett, John
AU  - Van Ham, Brent
AU  - Fletcher, Scott
AU  - Walters, Suzan
AU  - Friedman, Samuel R.
AU  - Ezell, Jerel M.
AU  - Pho, Mai
AU  - Schneider, John
AU  - Ouellet, Larry
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jrh.12442
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: should the public wear face masks?
AU  - Javid, Babak
AU  - Weekes, Michael P.
AU  - Matheson, Nicholas J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Yes—population benefits are plausible and harms unlikely When covid-19 became a global health emergency, there was a visible contrast between the responses of citizens in east Asia and the rest of the world. In east Asia, wearing of masks was ubiquitous, and sometimes mandated by governments. In Europe and North America, concerned citizens were repeatedly told that masks were not recommended for general use. Now, increasing numbers of agencies and governments, including the Czech Republic and the US Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention1 are advocating that the general population wears masks, but others, such as the World Health Organization and Public Health England are not. In a linked article Greenhalgh and colleagues argue in support of the public wearing masks on the basis of the “precautionary principle” (doi:10.1136/bmj.m1435).2 So, what is the evidence? And what might be the downsides? Maximal viral shedding of SARS-CoV-2 (the cause of covid-19) occurs early in the course of the illness.3 Patients may therefore be contagious before they develop symptoms or even know that they are …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1442-m1442
SP  - m1442
EP  - m1442
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1442
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1442
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Potential of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine to treat COVID-19 causes fears of shortages among people with systemic lupus erythematosus
AU  - Jakhar, Deepak
AU  - Kaur, Ishmeet
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature medicine
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41591-020-0853-0
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32269358
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preventing Contamination during Transesophageal Echocardiography in the Face of the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Jain, Ankit
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2020.04.011
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053077020303694
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Regulators split on antimalarials for COVID-19
AU  - Jaffe, Susan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - US and French authorities have authorised the use of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, but the EU regulator and WHO say the science doesn't support the decision. Susan Jaffe reports.
JO  - Lancet (London, England)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10231
PG  - 1179-1179
SP  - 1179
EP  - 1179
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30817-5
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A framework for open tracheostomy in COVID-19 patients
AU  - Jacob, Tony
AU  - Walker, Abigail
AU  - Mantelakis, Angelos
AU  - Gibbins, Nicholas
AU  - Keane, Oliver
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic is causing untold disruption across the globe and all countries irrespective of the strength and resilience of their health systems are feeling the burden. Intensive care units are facing a surge of patients requiring invasive ventilation.It is likely that requests for a tracheostomy in COVID-19 ventilated patients will soon come our way. It is difficult to predict the burden, but it would be remiss not to be prepared.
JO  - Clinical Otolaryngology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/coa.13549
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/coa.13549
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Why does Japan have so few cases of COVID19?
AU  - Iwasaki, Akiko
AU  - Grubaugh, Nathan D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - There is a lot of interest brewing as to why Japan has such low numbers of confirmed infected cases of the COVID19 disease, caused by the SARS-COV-2 virus (Figure. 1), despite its high population density (over 6,100 persons/sqkm in Tokyo, 2.4 times higher than New York City) and large percentage of high-risk individuals over 65 years of age (about 26%, compared with 15% in the USA). In Singapore and Hong Kong, rapid and strict quarantine rules and contact tracing has helped to "flatten the curve".
JO  - EMBO molecular medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.15252/emmm.202012481
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Miocarditis fulminante por COVID-19
AU  - Irabien-Ortiz, Angela
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Revista Española de Cardiología
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.recesp.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0300893220301743
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: Travel health and the implications for sub -Saharan Africa
AU  - Iken, Oluwatomi
AU  - Abakporo, Uzoma
AU  - Ayobami, Olaniyi
AU  - Attoye, Timothy
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Travel medicine and infectious disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101645-101645
SP  - 101645
EP  - 101645
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101645
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How to Handle a COVID-19 Patient in the Angiographic Suite
AU  - Ierardi, Anna Maria
AU  - Wood, Bradford J.
AU  - Gaudino, Chiara
AU  - Angileri, Salvatore Alessio
AU  - Jones, Elizabeth C.
AU  - Hausegger, Klaus
AU  - Carrafiello, Gianpaolo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This is a single-center report on coordination of staff and handling of patients during the outbreak of the COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) in a region with high incidence and prevalence of disease. The selection of procedures for interventional radiology (IR), preparation of staff and interventional suite before the arrival of patients, the facility ventilation systems and intra- and post-procedural workflow optimization are described. The control measures described may increase the cost of the equipment, prolong procedural times and increase technical difficulties. However, these precautions may help control the spread of COVID-19 within the healthcare facility.
JO  - CardioVascular and Interventional Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-7
SP  - 1
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00270-020-02476-8
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00270-020-02476-8
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: Antibody tests will not be rolled out in UK until at least May, MPs hear
AU  - Iacobucci, Gareth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Antibody tests to determine whether someone has had covid-19 will not be available until at least May, the government’s national testing coordinator has said. John Newton, Public Health England’s director of health improvement, said that none of the tests tried so far had been accurate enough. The government has set itself a target to carry out 100 000 covid-19 tests a day by the end of April, through a “five pillar” policy including a big increase in capacity for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) swab tests that detect the presence of the virus, alongside rolling out antibody testing.1 …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1449-m1449
SP  - m1449
EP  - m1449
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1449
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1449
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Data for understanding the risk perception of COVID-19 from Vietnamese sample
AU  - Huynh, Toan Luu Duc
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This data article describes the risk perception of COVID-190 from 391 Vietnamese respondents aged from 15 to 47 years. These data have been used in Huynh (2020). These data include the socioeconomics, media attention, and risk perception of COVID-19 in Vietnam through a survey conducted on February 1, 2020. In addition, our data might serve as a reference source for further in-depth surveys to understand the risk perception and social media communication across countries.
JO  - Data in Brief
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 105530-105530
SP  - 105530
EP  - 105530
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2020.105530
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352340920304248
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Personal protective equipment and Covid 19- a risk to healthcare staff?
AU  - Herron, J. B. T.
AU  - Hay-David, A. G. C.
AU  - Gilliam, A. D.
AU  - Brennan, P. A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjoms.2020.04.015
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0266435620301650
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preface of Special Issue “Cares in the Age of Communication: Health Education and Healthy Lifestyles”: Social Media and Health Communication in a Pandemic?
AU  - Herrera-Peco, Ivan
AU  - de la Torre-Montero, Julio C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>In the midst and the mist of the Covid-19 outbreak, weare living in the age of global communication in a hyperconnected society in which the transmissions channels between people have been changed very clearly due to both the internet itself in general and social networks in particular [...]</p>
JO  - European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 10
IS  - 2
PG  - 575-578
SP  - 575
EP  - 578
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/ejihpe10020042
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/2254-9625/10/2/42
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Testing for coverage from personal protective equipment: Public Health England's guidance does not protect healthcare workers from droplet spray
AU  - Heij, R.
AU  - Steel, A. G.
AU  - Young, P. J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In order to reduce transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, healthcare workers in the UK are advised to wear personal protective equipment (PPE). When undertaking aerosol-generating procedures, Public Health England recommends the use of gloves, gown, filtering mask and full-face visor or goggles . Despite this, uncertainty remains regarding the role of some items of PPE, such as hoods and visors .
JO  - Anaesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/anae.15079
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - From the Desk of the Editor in Chief
AU  - Hei, Dr Tom K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Life Sciences in Space Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lssr.2020.04.003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214552420300250
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and Bacillus Calmette-Guérin: What is the Link?
AU  - Hegarty, Paul K.
AU  - Sfakianos, John P.
AU  - Giannarini, Gianluca
AU  - DiNardo, Andrew R.
AU  - Kamat, Ashish M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Urology Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euo.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2588931120300493
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The tobacco industry in the time of COVID-19: time to shut it down?
AU  - Hefler, Marita
AU  - Gartner, Coral E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Tobacco control
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2020-055807
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Nosocomial infection among patients with coronavirus disease-2019: a retrospective data analysis of 918 cases from a single center in Wuhan city, China
AU  - He, Yan
AU  - Li, Wei
AU  - Wang, Zhen
AU  - Chen, Huilong
AU  - Tian, Lei
AU  - Liu, Dong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The emergence coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) in China at the end of 2019 has caused a large global outbreak and is a major public health issue (Chen N et al., 2020). Percentage of Nosocomial infection (NI) among COVID-19 patients who died was significantly higher than that of patients who were cured and discharged (p= 0.002) (Ruan Q et al., 2020). We investigate NI occurred among COVID-19 patients and analyze risk factors, so as to provide basic data for NI prevention and control. The clinical data of 918 COVID-19 patients in Tongji hospital from Dec 30, 2019 to Feb 29, 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. A 1∶4 paired case-control study was performed, and 65 patients with NI were assigned as case group and 260 non-NI patients as control group. Clinical data of the patients' demographics, basic disease, and treatments were analyzed, and influencing factors of NI among COVID-19 patients were summarized.
JO  - Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-6
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/ice.2020.126
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/nosocomial-infection-among-patients-with-coronavirus-disease2019-a-retrospective-data-analysis-of-918-cases-from-a-single-center-in-wuhan-city-china/D081CB281E1E64A331C0937C6AAE78EC
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The clinical course and its correlated immune status in COVID-19 pneumonia
AU  - He, Ruyuan
AU  - Lu, Zilong
AU  - Zhang, Lin
AU  - Fan, Tao
AU  - Xiong, Rui
AU  - Shen, Xiaokang
AU  - Feng, Haojie
AU  - Meng, Heng
AU  - Lin, Weichen
AU  - Jiang, Wenyang
AU  - Geng, Qing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objectives To explore the clinical course and its dynamic features of immune status in COVID-19 patients and find predictors correlated with severity and prognosis of COVID-19. Methods The electronic medical records of 204 patients with COVID-19 pneumonia confirmed by nucleic acid testing were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Results All Patients were divided into severe (69) and non-severe group (135). Lymphocyte subsets count, including CD3 + T cell, CD4 + T cell, CD8 + T cell, B cell (CD19+) and NK cell (CD16 + 56+), were significantly lower in severe group (P＜0.001). The dynamic levels of T lymphocytes in severe group were significantly lower from disease onset, but in the improved subgroup the value of T lymphocyte began to increase after about 15-day treatment and finally returned to the normal level. The cut-off value of the counts of CD3+ (576), CD4+ (391) and CD8+ (214) T cell were calculated and indicated significantly high sensitivity and specificity for severity of COVID-19. Conclusion Our results shown that the decrease of CD3+, CD4+ and CD8 + T lymphocyte correlated with the course of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia, especially in severe cases. The level of T lymphocyte could be used as an indicator for prediction of severity and prognosis of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. The application of glucocorticoid should be cautious in severe cases.
JO  - Journal of Clinical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 104361-104361
SP  - 104361
EP  - 104361
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104361
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1386653220301037
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Molecular Mechanism of Evolution and Human Infection with SARS-CoV-2
AU  - He, Jiahua
AU  - Tao, Huanyu
AU  - Yan, Yumeng
AU  - Huang, Sheng-You
AU  - Xiao, Yi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>The outbreak of a novel coronavirus, which was later formally named the severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has caused a worldwide public health crisis. Previous studies showed that SARS-CoV-2 is highly homologous to SARS-CoV and infects humans through the binding of the spike protein to ACE2. Here, we have systematically studied the molecular mechanisms of human infection with SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV by protein-protein docking and MD simulations. It was found that SARS-CoV-2 binds ACE2 with a higher affinity than SARS-CoV, which may partly explain that SARS-CoV-2 is much more infectious than SARS-CoV. In addition, the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 has a significantly lower free energy than that of SARS-CoV, suggesting that SARS-CoV-2 is more stable and may survive a higher temperature than SARS-CoV. This provides insights into the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 because SARS-like coronaviruses have originated in bats. Our computation also suggested that the RBD-ACE2 binding for SARS-CoV-2 is much more temperature-sensitive than that for SARS-CoV. Thus, it is expected that SARS-CoV-2 would decrease its infection ability much faster than SARS-CoV when the temperature rises. These findings would be beneficial for the disease prevention and drug/vaccine development of SARS-CoV-2.</p>
JO  - Viruses
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 12
IS  - 4
PG  - 428-428
SP  - 428
EP  - 428
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/v12040428
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/12/4/428
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The clinical feature of silent infections of novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) in Wenzhou
AU  - He, Guiqing
AU  - Sun, Wenjie
AU  - Fang, Peipei
AU  - Huang, Jianping
AU  - Gamber, Michelle
AU  - Cai, Jing
AU  - Wu, Jing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Here were reported clinical features of silent infected COVID-19 patients. Our study showed that the prevalence of the silent infection of COVID-19 is 5.8% (95% CI: 3.4-9.9%), which is much higher than 1.2% which from the report in China CDC. The silent infection patients were more likely to be young adults, the patients without chronic disease. All of the cases in the presented study was found because they were traced as close contact of confirmed cases. Our study indicated that traced the close contract of confirmed case, long time self-quarantine, and screening is necessary to prevent the secondary cases in community. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25861
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in China: the role and activities of Internet-based healthcare platforms
AU  - He, Da
AU  - Gu, Yichun
AU  - Shi, Ying
AU  - Wang, Miao
AU  - Lou, Zhexun
AU  - Jin, Chunlin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In the fight against the COVID-19 epidemic, the Chinese Government has enhanced its use of Internet-based healthcare. A large number of online medical platforms designed for COVID-19 have emerged in China. These platforms can be categorized according to the entity operating them, mainly the government, hospitals, and companies. Online medical platforms run by public hospitals provide follow-up consultations for common ailments and frequent ailments based on the hospital's offline services. Online diagnosis and treatment platforms provided by companies cover most of the regions in China. In terms of offering pandemic-related services, corporate platforms provide at least 1,636,440 doctors for online care, 1.685 billion consultations, and 109 million remote consultations. In terms of regular medical care, those platforms provide at least 940,182 doctors for online care and 13.7 million remote consultations; more than 84,916 specialists have provided online care during this period. During the prevention and control of this epidemic, online diagnosis and treatment has filled the gap of family doctors in epidemic prevention and control, it has reduced the chance of cross-infection of patients with a mild infection, and it has overcome the geographical limitations of medical resources. However, online diagnosis and treatment still faces challenges in terms of resource allocation and industry supervision.
JO  - Global Health & Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 2020.01017-2020.01017
SP  - 2020.01017
EP  - 2020.01017
AN  - 
DO  - 10.35772/ghm.2020.01017
UR  - https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/ghm/advpub/0/advpub_2020.01017/_article
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Reducing Medical Error During a Pandemic
AU  - Hay-David, A. G. C.
AU  - Herron, J. B. T.
AU  - Gilling, P.
AU  - Miller, A.
AU  - Brennan, P. A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - On 30 January 2020, the WHO declared the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) a public health emergency of international concern. By 11 March 2020, it was designated a pandemic owing to its rapid worldwide spread. In this short article we provide some information that might be useful and help equip colleagues to reduce medical error during a pandemic. We advocate a systems-based approach, rather than an individual’s sole responsibility, and, look at ways to provide safer healthcare.
JO  - British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjoms.2020.04.003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0266435620301522
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Learnings for Health Economics from the Early Stages of the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Hatswell, Anthony J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - PharmacoEconomics - Open
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s41669-020-00216-9
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s41669-020-00216-9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A review on the cleavage priming of the spike protein on coronavirus by angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 and furin
AU  - Hasan, Anwarul
AU  - Paray, Bilal Ahamad
AU  - Hussain, Arif
AU  - Qadir, Fikry Ali
AU  - Attar, Farnoosh
AU  - Aziz, Falah Mohammad
AU  - Sharifi, Majid
AU  - Derakhshankhah, Hossein
AU  - Rasti, Behnam
AU  - Mehrabi, Masoumeh
AU  - Shahpasand, Koorosh
AU  - Saboury, Ali Akbar
AU  - Falahati, Mojtaba
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The widespread antigenic changes lead to the emergence of a new type of coronavirus (CoV) called as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV-2 that is immunologically different from the previous circulating species. Angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE-2) is one of the most important receptors on the cell membrane of the host cells (HCs) which its interaction with spike protein (SP) with a furin-cleavage site results in the SARS-CoV-2 invasion. Hence, in this review, we presented an overview on the interaction of ACE-2 and furin with SP. As several kinds of CoVs, from various genera, have at their S1/S2 binding site a preserved site, we further surveyed the role of furin cleavage site (FCS) on the life cycle of the CoV. Furthermore, we discussed that the small molecular inhibitors can limit the interaction of ACE-2 and furin with SP and can be used as potential therapeutic platforms to combat the spreading CoV epidemic. Finally, some ongoing challenges and future prospects for the development of potential drugs to promote targeting specific activities of the CoV were reviewed. In conclusion, this review may pave the way for providing useful information about different compounds involved in improving the effectiveness of CoV vaccine or drugs with minimum toxicity against human health.
JO  - Journal of biomolecular structure & dynamics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-13
SP  - 1
EP  - 13
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/07391102.2020.1754293
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Public Health Interventions for COVID-19: Emerging Evidence and Implications for an Evolving Public Health Crisis
AU  - Hartley, David M.
AU  - Perencevich, Eli N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.5910
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Three lessons for the COVID-19 response from pandemic HIV
AU  - Hargreaves, James
AU  - Davey, Calum
AU  - Auerbach, Judith
AU  - Blanchard, Jamie
AU  - Bond, Virginia
AU  - Bonell, Chris
AU  - Burgess, Rochelle
AU  - Busza, Joanna
AU  - Colbourn, Tim
AU  - Cowan, Frances
AU  - Doyle, Aoife
AU  - Hakim, James
AU  - Hensen, Bernadette
AU  - Hosseinipour, Mina
AU  - Lin, Leesa
AU  - Johnson, Saul
AU  - Masuka, Nyasha
AU  - Mavhu, Webster
AU  - Mugurungi, Owen
AU  - Mukungunugwa, Solomon
AU  - Mushavi, Angela
AU  - Phillips, Andrew
AU  - Platt, Lucy
AU  - Prost, Audrey
AU  - Ruzagira, Eugene
AU  - Seeley, Janet
AU  - Taramusi, Isaac
AU  - Yekeye, Raymond
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The HIV pandemic provides lessons for the response to the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic: no vaccine is available for either and there are no licensed pharmaceuticals for COVID-19, just as there was not for HIV infection in the early years. Population behaviour will determine the pandemic trajectory of COVID-19,1 just as it did for HIV.
JO  - The Lancet HIV
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-3018(20)30110-7
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352301820301107
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Application of integrative medicine protocols in treatment of coronavirus disease 2019
AU  - Han, Y. Y.
AU  - Zhao, M. R.
AU  - Shi, Y.
AU  - Song, Z. H.
AU  - Zhou, S. P.
AU  - He, Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was discovered in Hubei, it has rapidly swept across the whole country and many overseas regions. At present, there are no specific drugs and vaccines for SARS-CoV-2 in modern medicine. Therefore, the therapy is mainly symptomatic for treatment. According to the instruction-spirit of “Following the development rules of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), inheriting the essence and keeping the integrity and innovation” and “attaching equal importance to TCM and Western medicine” by President Xi Jin-ping, many local hospitals has established and improved the cooperation mechanism between traditional and modern medicine. And many protocols on the prevention & treatment have been published. By retrieving these protocols, opinions of academicians and scholars, and clinical therapies reported by medical research institutions, we summarized the main prevention and cure methods of COVID-19, and found that the clinical application of integrative medicine protocols have obvious advantages in improving patient symptoms, shortening the course of disease, delaying the progress of disease, and reducing mortality. The integrative medicine can play an active role in COVID-19’s prevention and treatment.
JO  - Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 51
IS  - 4
PG  - 878-882
SP  - 878
EP  - 882
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2020.04.008
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005487345 http://dx.doi.org/10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2020.04.008
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Does a cell protein explain covid-19 severity?
AU  - Hamzelou, Jessica
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 246
IS  - 3277
PG  - 9-9
SP  - 9
EP  - 9
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30705-3
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920307053
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): The Need for Immunoprevention at Industrial Scale
AU  - Halstead, Scott B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): The Need for Immunoprevention at Industrial Scale.
JO  - The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4269/ajtmh.20-0239
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - An Urgent Need for "Common Cold Units" to Study Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)
AU  - Halstead, Scott B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4269/ajtmh.20-0246
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Centring sexual and reproductive health and justice in the global COVID-19 response
AU  - Hall, K. S.
AU  - Samari, G.
AU  - Garbers, S.
AU  - Casey, S. E.
AU  - Diallo, D. D.
AU  - Orcutt, M.
AU  - Moresky, R. T.
AU  - Martinez, M. E.
AU  - McGovern, T.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10231
PG  - 1175-1177
SP  - 1175
EP  - 1177
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30801-1
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005513775 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30801-1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A tale of two pandemics: How will COVID-19 and global trends in physical inactivity and sedentary behavior affect one another?
AU  - Hall, Grenita
AU  - Laddu, Deepika R.
AU  - Phillips, Shane A.
AU  - Lavie, Carl J.
AU  - Arena, Ross
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Progress in cardiovascular diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.pcad.2020.04.005
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A search for medications to treat COVID-19 via in silico molecular docking models of the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein and 3CL protease
AU  - Hall, Donald C.
AU  - Ji, Hai-Feng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background The COVID-19 has now been declared a global emergency by the World Health Organization. There is an emergent need to search for possible medications. Method Utilization of the available sequence information, homology modeling, and in slico docking a number of available medications might prove to be effective in inhibiting the COVID-19 two main drug targets the spike glycoprotein and the 3CL protease. Results Several compounds were determined from the in silico docking models that might prove to be effective inhibitor for the COVID-19. Several antiviral medications: Zanamivir, Indinavir, Saquinavir, and Remdesivir show potential as and 3CLPRO main proteinase inhibitors and as a treatment of COVID-19. Conclusion Zanamivir, Indinavir, Saquinavir, and Remdesivir are among the exciting hits on the 3CLPRO main proteinase. It is also exciting to uncover that Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide (FAD) Adeflavin, B2 Deficiency medicine, and Coenzyme A, a coenzyme, may also be potentially used for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infections. The use of these off-label medications may be beneficial in the treatment of the COVID-19.
JO  - Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101646-101646
SP  - 101646
EP  - 101646
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101646
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893920301150
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Converting a Small Surgical Team into a Pandemic Response Team for an Isolated Population
AU  - Hall, Andrew
AU  - Morrow, Lindsay
AU  - Monsaert, Kelsey
AU  - Wilson, Ramey L.
AU  - Dixon, Michael
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American College of Surgeons
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1072751520303069
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Effects of COVID-19 pandemic in the field of orthopaedics
AU  - Haleem, Abid
AU  - Javaid, Mohd
AU  - Vaishya, Raju
AU  - Vaish, Abhishek
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcot.2020.03.015
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0976566220300989
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Early preemptive immune modulators (corticosteroids) for severe pneumonia patients infected with SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Lee, Kyung-Yil
AU  - Rhim, Jung-Woo
AU  - Kang, Jin-Han
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical and experimental pediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3345/cep.2020.00290
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Resilience of the restructured obstetric anaesthesia training program during the COVID-19 outbreak in Singapore
AU  - Lee, J. S. E.
AU  - Chan, J. J. L.
AU  - Ithnin, F.
AU  - Goy, R. W. L.
AU  - Sng, B. L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International Journal of Obstetric Anesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijoa.2020.04.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959289X20300510
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Take proactive measures for the pandemic COVID-19 infection in the dialysis facilities
AU  - Lee, Jia-Jung
AU  - Lin, Chun-Yu
AU  - Chiu, Yi-Wen
AU  - Hwang, Shang-Jyh
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the Formosan Medical Association
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfma.2020.03.022
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0929664620301169
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Ventilation-Perfusion Scans During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak
AU  - Lee, Joseph C.
AU  - Chong, Jia Wen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American College of Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacr.2020.03.017
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1546144020302969
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Plastic Bags as Personal Protective Equipment During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Between the Devil and the Deep Blue Sea
AU  - Lee, Eric
AU  - Loh, Will
AU  - Ang, Ivy
AU  - Tan, Yanni
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2020.04.016
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0736467920303474
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How does COVID-19 kill? Uncertainty is hampering doctors' ability to choose treatments
AU  - Ledford, Heidi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-01056-7
UR  - 
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chloroquine and COVID-19, where do we stand?
AU  - Lecuit, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Medecine et Maladies Infectieuses
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.medmal.2020.03.004
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005471377 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.medmal.2020.03.004
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Reply to “COVID-19, syphilis and biologic therapies for psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis: A word of caution”
AU  - Lebwohl, Mark
AU  - Rivera-Oyola, Ryan
AU  - Murrell, Dedee F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2020.03.103
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0190962220305284
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Death rate mystery
AU  - Le Page, Michael
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Knowing the true rate of death from covid-19 will help us fight the pandemic, but for the moment it eludes us, reports Michael Le Page
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 246
IS  - 3277
PG  - 7-7
SP  - 7
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30703-X
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S026240792030703X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Efficacy of remdesivir in a rhesus macaque model of MERS-CoV infection
AU  - Le Bras, Alexandra
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Remdesivir (GS-5734), a drug developed by Gilead Sciences, is currently under trial for the treatment of COVID-19, the disease caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Remdesivir, a nucleotide analogue that blocks viral replication, has shown in vitro efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 and in vitro and in vivo efficacy in mice against two coronaviruses responsible for previous respiratory disease outbreaks, SARS-CoV and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV).
JO  - Lab Animal
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41684-020-0537-x
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41684-020-0537-x
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Delayed access or provision of care in Italy resulting from fear of COVID-19
AU  - Lazzerini, Marzia
AU  - Barbi, Egidio
AU  - Apicella, Andrea
AU  - Marchetti, Federico
AU  - Cardinale, Fabio
AU  - Trobia, Gianluca
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - During Italy's national lockdown for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), official hospital statistics in the period March 1–27, 2020, show substantial decreases—ranging from 73% to 88%—in paediatric emergency department visits compared with the same time period in 2019 and 2018 (figure). Similarly, family paediatricians widely report a considerable reduction in clinic visits, although this is difficult to measure precisely. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
JO  - The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health
PB  - 
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EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2352-4642(20)30108-5
UR  - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2352464220301085
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Commentary: Compliance with the aats guidelines will prevent sternal wound infections and minimize postoperative complications in cardiac surgery patients during the covid-19 pandemic
AU  - Lazar, Harold L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcvs.2020.04.016
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022522320309119
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - LA REHABILITACIÓN EN LOS TIEMPOS DEL COVID-19
AU  - Laxe, S.
AU  - Miangolarra Page, J. C.
AU  - Chaler, J.
AU  - Gil Fraguas, L.
AU  - Gómez, A.
AU  - Llavona, R.
AU  - Salaverría Izaguirre, N.
AU  - Sanchez Tarifa, P.
AU  - Santandreu, M. E.
AU  - Garreta, R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Rehabilitación
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rh.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048712020300438
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How do we leave lockdown?
AU  - Lawton, Graham
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - With more than a third of the world living under covid-19 restrictions, it is time to decide what happens next, reports Graham Lawton
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 246
IS  - 3277
PG  - 10-12
SP  - 10
EP  - 12
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30706-5
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920307065
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - An update on COVID-19 for the otorhinolaryngologist – a Brazilian Association of Otolaryngology and Cervicofacial Surgery (ABORL-CCF) Position Statement
AU  - Lavinsky, Joel
AU  - Kosugi, Eduardo Macoto
AU  - Baptistella, Eduardo
AU  - Roithman, Renato
AU  - Dolci, Eduardo
AU  - Ribeiro, Thais Knoll
AU  - Rossini, Bruno
AU  - Romano, Fabrizio Ricci
AU  - Maunsell, Rebecca Christina Kathleen
AU  - Mitre, Edson Ibrahim
AU  - Imamura, Rui
AU  - Hachya, Adriana
AU  - Chone, Carlos Takahiro
AU  - Watanabe, Luciana Miwa Nita
AU  - Fornazieri, Marco Aurélio
AU  - Lessa, Marcus Miranda
AU  - Sant’Anna, Geraldo Druck
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Introduction We are facing a pandemic with a great impact worldwide, as a result of the rapid spread of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19). The medical community is still getting to know behavior of this virus and the consequences from a population point of view. All this knowledge is extremely dynamic, so some behaviors are still not well established. Otorhinolaryngologists have a central role in the management of this situation, in which they must assess the patient, avoid contamination to and by health professionals and other patients. Thus, the recommendations of the Brazilian Association of Otorhinolaryngology and Cervical-Facial Surgery (ABORL-CCF) have the main objective of reducing the spread of the new coronavirus during otorhinolaryngological care and assisting in the management of these patients. Methods Review of the main recommendations of national and international scientific societies, decisions by government agencies and class councils. The topics will be related to the general aspects of COVID-19, personal protective equipment, care in patient assistance, endoscopic exam routines and the management of sinonasal, otological and pediatric evaluations related to COVID-19. Results The use of personal protective equipment is considered crucial in routine ENT care. We recommend postponing appointments, exams and elective surgeries to reduce the spread of COVID-19. Similarly, we recommend changing routines in several areas of otolaryngology. Additionally, guidance is provided on the use of telemedicine resources during the pandemic period. Conclusions We are still at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic and scientific evidence is still scarce and incomplete, so these ABORL-CCF recommendations for otorhinolaryngologists may be updated based on new knowledge and the pattern of the new coronavirus spread. Resumo Introdução Estamos diante de uma pandemia de grande impacto mundial como resultado da rápida propagação do novo coronavírus, COVID-19. A comunidade médica está ainda conhecendo o comportamento desse vírus e as repercussões do ponto de vista populacional. Todo esse conhecimento é extremamente dinâmico, por isso algumas condutas ainda não estão bem estabelecidas. O otorrinolaringologista tem um papel central no manejo dessa situação em que deve avaliar o paciente, evitar a contaminação dos profissionais da saúde e dos demais pacientes. Dessa forma, as recomendações da Associação Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia Cervico-Facial, ABORL-CCF, têm por objetivo principal de reduzir a propagação do novo coronavírus durante o atendimento otorrinolaringológico e auxiliar no manejo desses pacientes. Método Revisão das principais recomendações das sociedades científicas nacionais, internacionais, decisões de órgãos governamentais e de conselhos de classe. Os tópicos serão relativos aos aspectos gerais do COVID-19, equipamentos de proteção individual, cuidados no atendimento ao paciente, as rotinas dos exames endoscópicos e o manejo de aspectos nasossinusais, otológicos e pediátricos relacionados ao COVID-19. Resultados É considerado crucial o uso de equipamento de proteção individual no atendimento otorrinolaringológico de rotina. Recomendamos postergar atendimentos, exames e cirurgias eletivas para diminuir a propagação do COVID-19. Da mesma forma, recomendamos mudança de rotinas em diversas áreas da otorrinolaringologia. Além disso, orientações sobre a utilização do recurso da telemedicina durante o período de vigência da pandemia. Conclusões Estamos ainda no início da pandemia do COVID-19 e as evidências científicas são ainda escassas, por isso essas recomendações da ABORL-CCF para os otorrinolaringologistas podem sofrer atualizações baseado nos novos conhecimentos e no padrão de disseminação do novo coronavírus.
JO  - Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology
PB  - 
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EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjorl.2020.04.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1808869420300379
NS  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Nutrition support in the time of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)
AU  - Laviano, A.
AU  - Koverech, A.
AU  - Zanetti, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nutrition
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.nut.2020.110834
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005503685 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2020.110834
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Does recombinant human Erythropoietin administration in critically ill COVID-19 patients have miraculous therapeutic effects?
AU  - Hadadi, Azar
AU  - Mortezazadeh, Masoud
AU  - Kolahdouzan, Kasra
AU  - Alavian, Golbarg
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - An 80-year-old man with multiple comorbidities presented to the emergency department with tachypnea, tachycardia, fever and critically low O2 saturation and definitive chest CT scan findings in favor of COVID-19 and positive PCR results in 48 h. He received antiviral treatment plus recombinant human Erythropoietin(rhEPO) due to his severe anemia. After 7 days of treatment, he was discharged with miraculous improvement in his symptoms and hemoglobin level. We concluded that rhEPO could attenuate respiratory distress syndrome and confront the SARS-CoV-2 virus through multiple mechanisms including cytokine modulation, anti-apoptotic effects, leukocyte release from bone marrow, and iron redistribution away from the intracellular virus. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25839
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32270515
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Emergency response to the outbreak of COVID-19: the Korean case
AU  - Ha, Kyoo-Man
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This letter aims to describe how Korea can improve its emergency response to the outbreak of COVID-19. The key finding is that the nation has to shift from a self-interest-oriented response to a shared-interest-oriented response. Similarly, neighboring nations could form a national framework of networks among stakeholders.
JO  - Microbes and infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.micinf.2020.04.001
UR  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Using Telehealth as a Tool for Rural Hospitals in the COVID-19 Pandemic Response
AU  - Gutierrez, Jeydith
AU  - Kuperman, Ethan
AU  - Kaboli, Peter J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jrh.12443
UR  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Fabricated data - should we quarantine? A novel tool for risk assessment is proposed
AU  - Gupta, Janesh
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
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EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2020.04.020
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301211520301883
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Aerosol and Surface Distribution of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in Hospital Wards, Wuhan, China, 2020
AU  - Guo, Zhen-Dong
AU  - Wang, Zhong-Yi
AU  - Zhang, Shou-Feng
AU  - Li, Xiao
AU  - Li, Lin
AU  - Li, Chao
AU  - Cui, Yan
AU  - Fu, Rui-Bin
AU  - Dong, Yun-Zhu
AU  - Chi, Xiang-Yang
AU  - Zhang, Meng-Yao
AU  - Liu, Kun
AU  - Cao, Cheng
AU  - Liu, Bin
AU  - Zhang, Ke
AU  - Gao, Yu-Wei
AU  - Lu, Bing
AU  - Chen, Wei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - To determine distribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in hospital wards in Wuhan, China, we tested air and surface samples. Contamination was greater in intensive care units than general wards. Virus was widely distributed on floors, computer mice, trash cans, and sickbed handrails and was detected in air ≈4 m from patients.
JO  - Emerging infectious diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 26
IS  - 7
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3201/eid2607.200885
UR  - 
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Emergency measures for acute oral mucosa diseases during the outbreak of COVID-19
AU  - Guo, Yiqing
AU  - Yuan, Changqing
AU  - Wei, Changlei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since the first case of novel coronavirus pneumonia was diagnosed in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, the disease has broken out all over the world, and the number of worldwide confirmed cases has exceeded 640000 up to March 30, 2020. On January 30, 2020, WHO upgraded the outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) to a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC). More than two months passed, given that there are still a few new confirmed cases in China every day, and the number of new cases in Italy, Spain, United States of America, Iran (Islamic Republic of) has increased rapidly in recently, the complete control of the outbreak on a global scale remains a difficult process.
JO  - Oral diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/odi.13350
UR  - 
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Orthopaedic Forum Survey of COVID-19 Disease Among Orthopaedic Surgeons in Wuhan , People ’ s Republic of China
AU  - Guo, Xiaodong
AU  - Wang, Jiedong
AU  - Hu, Dong
AU  - Wu, Lisha
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) broke out in Wuhan, the People's Republic of China, in December 2019 and now is a pandemic all around the world. Some orthopaedic surgeons in Wuhan were infected with COVID-19. METHODS: We conducted a survey to identify the orthopaedic surgeons who were infected with COVID-19 in Wuhan. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to collect information such as social demographic variables, clinical manifestations, exposure history, awareness of the outbreak, infection control training provided by hospitals, and individual protection practices. To further explore the possible risk factors at the individual level, a 1:2 matched case-control study was conducted. RESULTS: A total of 26 orthopaedic surgeons from 8 hospitals in Wuhan were identified as having COVID-19. The incidence in each hospital varied from 1.5% to 20.7%. The onset of symptoms was from January 13 to February 5, 2020, and peaked on January 23, 8 days prior to the peak of the public epidemic. The suspected sites of exposure were general wards (79.2%), public places at the hospital (20.8%), operating rooms (12.5%), the intensive care unit (4.2%), and the outpatient clinic (4.2%). There was transmission from these doctors to others in 25% of cases, including to family members (20.8%), to colleagues (4.2%), to patients (4.2%), and to friends (4.2%). Participation in real-time training on prevention measures was found to have a protective effect against COVID-19 (odds ratio [OR], 0.12). Not wearing an N95 respirator was found to be a risk factor (OR, 5.20 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.09 to 25.00]). Wearing respirators or masks all of the time was found to be protective (OR, 0.15). Severe fatigue was found to be a risk factor (OR, 4 [95% CI, 1 to 16]) for infection with COVID-19. CONCLUSIONS: Orthopaedic surgeons are at risk during the COVID-19 pandemic. Common places of work could be contaminated. Orthopaedic surgeons have to be more vigilant and take more precautions to avoid infection with COVID-19. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Diagnostic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
JO  - The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-15
SP  - 1
EP  - 15
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2106/JBJS.20.00417
UR  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Effect of throat washings on detection of 2019 novel coronavirus
AU  - Guo, Wen-Liang
AU  - Jiang, Qian
AU  - Ye, Feng
AU  - Li, Shao-Qiang
AU  - Hong, Cheng
AU  - Chen, Li-Yan
AU  - Li, Shi-Yue
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The 2019 novel coronavirus was detected in the self-collected throat washings. Positive testing rate of throat washing was much higher than that of Nasopharyngeal swabs. Throat washing is a promising candidate for 2019-nCoV screening and monitoring due to its noninvasive and reliability.
JO  - Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa416
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32271374
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Letter to the Editor: How to Deal with Suspended Oral Treatment during the COVID-19 Epidemic
AU  - Guo, J.
AU  - Wu, H.
AU  - Xie, H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Dental Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 0022034520920169-0022034520920169
SP  - 0022034520920169
EP  - 0022034520920169
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/0022034520920169
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1177/0022034520920169
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 may be related to conjunctivitis but not necessarily spread through the conjunctiva SARS-CoV-2 and conjunctiva
AU  - Guo, Dongyu
AU  - Xia, Jianhua
AU  - Shen, Ye
AU  - Tong, Jianping
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We appreciate the comments of Liu et al.(1) and Peng et al.(2) in relation to our previous study. Currently, the controversy on the relationship among SARS-CoV-2 infection, the ocular surface and conjunctivitis are reflected in two aspects as follows: (i) can SARS-CoV-2 infection cause conjunctivitis? (ii) can SARS-CoV-2 be transmitted through the ocular surface? This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25856
UR  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Serial Computed Tomography Manifestations in a Child with Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Pneumonia
AU  - Guiqing, H. E.
AU  - Sun, Wenjie
AU  - Jing, W. U.
AU  - Cai, Jing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Computed tomography (CT) manifestations and treatment of children with COVID-19 are still unclear. We report serial CT findings of a child with COVID-19 pneumonia who recovered without any sequelae.
JO  - Indian pediatrics
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Stratégies de gestion de l’impact du confinement sur le sommeil : Une synthèse d’experts
AU  - Guichard, Kelly
AU  - Geoffroy, Pierre A.
AU  - Taillard, Jacques
AU  - Micoulaud-Franchi, Jean-Arthur
AU  - Royant-Parola, Sylvie
AU  - Poirot, Isabelle
AU  - Brion, Agnès
AU  - D’Ortho, Marie-Pia
AU  - Gagnadoux, Frédéric
AU  - Schroder, Carmen
AU  - Philip, Pierre
AU  - Bioulac, Stéphanie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Résumé En plus de l’impact psychologique du confinement et de l’épidémie, il existe des répercussions sur le sommeil qu’il faut prendre en compte par la mise en place de stratégies adaptées afin de maintenir un bon état de santé mental et de santé général. Le confinement peut désorganiser le sommeil en impactant d’une part les rythmes circadiens par une diminution de l’intensité des synchroniseurs extérieurs, d’autre part peut favoriser l’insomnie dans cette période de stress aigu et enfin être source d’une privation de sommeil chez ceux qui sont en première ligne et qui gèrent la crise. Pour cela il est important de mettre en place certaines stratégies de préventions de ces perturbations de sommeil afin d’atténuer l’impact psychologique, infectieux et faire face de manière optimale à cette situation que nous vivons tous. In addition to the psychological impact of quarantine, there are sleep disturbances that must be taken into account by implementing appropriate strategies in order to maintain good mental and general health. Quarantine can disrupt sleep first in impacting circadian rhythms by decreasing the intensity of zeitgebers, second can promote insomnia in this period of acute stress and third can be a source of sleep deprivation in those on the front line and managing the crisis. For this it is important to put in place strategies to prevent these sleep disturbances in order to reduce the psychological, infectious impact and deal optimally with this situation that we are all experiencing.
JO  - Médecine du Sommeil
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msom.2020.04.003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1769449320300388
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Compassionate Use of Remdesivir for Patients with Severe Covid-19
AU  - Grein, Jonathan
AU  - Ohmagari, Norio
AU  - Shin, Daniel
AU  - Diaz, George
AU  - Asperges, Erika
AU  - Castagna, Antonella
AU  - Feldt, Torsten
AU  - Green, Gary
AU  - Green, Margaret L.
AU  - Lescure, François-Xavier
AU  - Nicastri, Emanuele
AU  - Oda, Rentaro
AU  - Yo, Kikuo
AU  - Quiros-Roldan, Eugenia
AU  - Studemeister, Alex
AU  - Redinski, John
AU  - Ahmed, Seema
AU  - Bernett, Jorge
AU  - Chelliah, Daniel
AU  - Chen, Danny
AU  - Chihara, Shingo
AU  - Cohen, Stuart H.
AU  - Cunningham, Jennifer
AU  - D'Arminio Monforte, Antonella
AU  - Ismail, Saad
AU  - Kato, Hideaki
AU  - Lapadula, Giuseppe
AU  - L'Her, Erwan
AU  - Maeno, Toshitaka
AU  - Majumder, Sumit
AU  - Massari, Marco
AU  - Mora-Rillo, Marta
AU  - Mutoh, Yoshikazu
AU  - Nguyen, Duc
AU  - Verweij, Ewa
AU  - Zoufaly, Alexander
AU  - Osinusi, Anu O.
AU  - DeZure, Adam
AU  - Zhao, Yang
AU  - Zhong, Lijie
AU  - Chokkalingam, Anand
AU  - Elboudwarej, Emon
AU  - Telep, Laura
AU  - Timbs, Leighann
AU  - Henne, Ilana
AU  - Sellers, Scott
AU  - Cao, Huyen
AU  - Tan, Susanna K.
AU  - Winterbourne, Lucinda
AU  - Desai, Polly
AU  - Mera, Robertino
AU  - Gaggar, Anuj
AU  - Myers, Robert P.
AU  - Brainard, Diana M.
AU  - Childs, Richard
AU  - Flanigan, Timothy
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND Remdesivir, a nucleotide analogue prodrug that inhibits viral RNA polymerases, has shown in vitro activity against SARS-CoV-2. METHODS We provided remdesivir on a compassionate-use basis to patients hospitalized with Covid-19, the illness caused by infection with SARS-CoV-2. Patients were those with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection who had an oxygen saturation of 94% or less while they were breathing ambient air or who were receiving oxygen support. Patients received a 10-day course of remdesivir, consisting of 200 mg administered intravenously on day 1, followed by 100 mg daily for the remaining 9 days of treatment. This report is based on data from patients who received remdesivir during the period from January 25, 2020, through March 7, 2020, and have clinical data for at least 1 subsequent day. RESULTS Of the 61 patients who received at least one dose of remdesivir, data from 8 could not be analyzed (including 7 patients with no post-treatment data and 1 with a dosing error). Of the 53 patients whose data were analyzed, 22 were in the United States, 22 in Europe or Canada, and 9 in Japan. At baseline, 30 patients (57%) were receiving mechanical ventilation and 4 (8%) were receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. During a median follow-up of 18 days, 36 patients (68%) had an improvement in oxygen-support class, including 17 of 30 patients (57%) receiving mechanical ventilation who were extubated. A total of 25 patients (47%) were discharged, and 7 patients (13%) died; mortality was 18% (6 of 34) among patients receiving invasive ventilation and 5% (1 of 19) among those not receiving invasive ventilation. CONCLUSIONS In this cohort of patients hospitalized for severe Covid-19 who were treated with compassionate-use remdesivir, clinical improvement was observed in 36 of 53 patients (68%). Measurement of efficacy will require ongoing randomized, placebo-controlled trials of remdesivir therapy. (Funded by Gilead Sciences.).
JO  - The New England journal of medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - NEJMoa2007016-NEJMoa2007016
SP  - NEJMoa2007016
EP  - NEJMoa2007016
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMoa2007016
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32275812
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Safety testing improvised COVID-19 personal protective equipment based on a modified full-face snorkel mask
AU  - Greig, P. R.
AU  - Carvalho, C.
AU  - El-Boghdadly, K.
AU  - Ramessur, S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Reported shortages of personal protective equipment (PPE) in the NHS have caused anxiety amongst healthcare workers [1]. Several designs for improvised PPE have been circulated online and via social media. One particularly widely shared design involves a 3D printed adaptor to allow the mating of a standard anaesthetic heat and moisture exchange (HME) filter to a commercially available snorkelling mask. Thingiverse, an online repository of 3D printable files, contains at least 18 adaptor designs that users can download [2].
JO  - Anaesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/anae.15085
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Face masks for the public during the covid-19 crisis
AU  - Greenhalgh, Trisha
AU  - Schmid, Manuel B.
AU  - Czypionka, Thomas
AU  - Bassler, Dirk
AU  - Gruer, Laurence
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Trisha Greenhalgh and colleagues argue that it is time to apply the precautionary principle The precautionary principle is, according to Wikipedia, “a strategy for approaching issues of potential harm when extensive scientific knowledge on the matter is lacking.” The evidence base on the efficacy and acceptability of the different types of face mask in preventing respiratory infections during epidemics is sparse and contested.12 But covid-19 is a serious illness that currently has no known treatment or vaccine and is spreading in an immune naive population. Deaths are rising steeply, and health systems are under strain. This raises an ethical question: should policy makers apply the precautionary principle now and encourage people to wear face masks on the grounds that we have little to lose and potentially something to gain from this measure?3 We believe they should. Evidence based medicine tends to focus predominantly on internal validity—whether primary research studies were “done right”—using tools to assess risk of bias and adequacy of statistical analysis. External validity relates to a different question: whether findings of primary studies done in a different population with a different disease or risk state are relevant to the current policy question. We argue that there should be a greater focus on external validity in evaluation of masks. A rapid search of the literature on the wearing of masks by the general public during epidemics or pandemics by a team at the University of Galway (E Toomey, personal communication, 29 March 2020) found five peer reviewed systematic reviews:
JO  - BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1435-m1435
SP  - m1435
EP  - m1435
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1435
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32273267
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 admissions calculators: General population and paediatric cohort
AU  - Grech, Victor
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The world is in the grip of pandemic COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2). Children appear to be only mildly affected but for those countries that are still preparing for their first wave of infections, it is salutary to have some estimates with which to plan for eventual contingencies. These assessments would include acute hospital admission requirements, intensive care admissions and deaths per given population. It is also useful to have an estimate of how many paediatric admissions to expect per given population. However it is only very recently that paediatric epidemiological data has become available. This paper will create an interactive spreadsheet model to estimate population and paediatric admissions for a given population, with the author's country, Malta, as a worked example for both.
JO  - Early Human Development
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 105043-105043
SP  - 105043
EP  - 105043
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2020.105043
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378378220302310
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Editorial] Possibility of transmission through dogs being a contributing factor to the extreme Covid‑19 outbreak in North Italy
AU  - Goumenou, M.
AU  - Spandidos, D. A.
AU  - Tsatsakis, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Covid‑19 origin and transmission to humans. Covid‑19 infection began in Wuhan (Hubei, China) in December, 2019. Although to date it is considered that Covid‑19 originates from bats (96.2% overall genome sequence identity) (1), the type of intermediate animals that caused the transmission to humans remains unknown (2-4). Zhou et al (1) mentioned that 'Direct contact with intermediate host animals or consumption of wild animals was suspected to be the main route of SARS‑CoV‑2 transmission. However, the source(s) and transmission routine(s) of SARS‑CoV‑2 remain elusive' (1).
JO  - Molecular medicine reports
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3892/mmr.2020.11037
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L631413240 http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2020.11037
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Emergency Responders in FDA’s Center for Drug Evaluation and Research
AU  - Gormley, Lcdr Andrea
AU  - Ngan, C. D. R. Kelly
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Pharmacists Association
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japh.2020.04.007
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1544319120301588
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Detained during a pandemic: A postcard from the Midwest
AU  - Gorman, Geraldine
AU  - Ramaswamy, Megha
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract The last time I was on the veterans? tier in Cook County Jail, one of the men detained sitting on the aluminum benches reached up to shake my hand. ?Next time you come, can you bring me a container of fresh air?? That was before we all became wary of the air we breathe, in the days when we still grasped extended hands.
JO  - Public Health Nursing
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/phn.12730
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/phn.12730
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Perspective: cardiovascular disease and the Covid-19 pandemic
AU  - Gori, Tommaso
AU  - Lelieveld, Jos
AU  - Münzel, Thomas
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We summarize the cardiovascular risks associated with Covid-19 pandemic, discussing the risks for both infected and non-infected patients.
JO  - Basic Research in Cardiology 2020 115:3
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 115
IS  - 3
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/S00395-020-0792-4
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and finance: Agendas for future research
AU  - Goodell, John W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This paper highlights the enormous economic and social impact of COVID-19 with respect to articles that have either prognosticated such a large-scale event, and its economic consequences, or have assessed the impacts of other epidemics and pandemics. A consideration of possible impacts of COVID-19 on financial markets and institutions, either directly or indirectly, is briefly outlined by drawing on a variety of literatures. A consideration of the characteristics of COVID-19, along with what research suggests have been the impacts of other past events that in some ways roughly parallel COVID-19, points toward avenues of future investigation.
JO  - Finance Research Letters
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101512-101512
SP  - 101512
EP  - 101512
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2020.101512
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1544612320303974
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Operating Room Guide for Confirmed or Suspected COVID-19 Pregnant Patients Requiring Cesarean Delivery
AU  - Gonzalez-Brown, Veronica M.
AU  - Reno, Joseph
AU  - Lortz, Heather
AU  - Fiorini, Kasey
AU  - Costantine, Maged M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We sought to provide a clinical practice protocol for our labor and delivery (L&D) unit, to care for confirmed or suspected COVID-19 patients requiring cesarean delivery. A multidisciplinary team approach guidance was designed to simplify and streamline the flow and care of patient with confirmed or suspected COVID-19 requiring cesarean delivery. A protocol was designed to improve staff readiness, minimize risks, and streamline care processes. This is a suggested protocol which may not be applicable to all health care settings but can be adapted to local resources and limitations of individual L&D units. Guidance and information are changing rapidly; therefore, we recommend continuing to update the protocol as needed. · Cesarean delivery for confirmed or suspected novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. · Team-based approach for streamline care. · Labor and delivery protocols for COVID-19 positive patients.
JO  - American journal of perinatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1055/s-0040-1709683
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Work flow of clinical microbiology laboratory under the outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease 2019]
AU  - Gong, Y. L.
AU  - Shi, Y. L.
AU  - Luo, X. Q.
AU  - Zhang, C.
AU  - Liu, M. X.
AU  - Chen, Y.
AU  - Peng, Y. Z.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The burn microbiology laboratory of the author's unit is a second-level biosafety laboratory, which is mainly responsible for handling clinical microbial samples from our department and other departments in the hospital. Since the outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019, in order to ensure the normal development of daily work and the safety of medical staff, the microbiology laboratory has actively adjusted the daily work flow. The specific work flow is summarized as follows to provide reference for the safety protection of peer in clinical microbiology laboratory. 笔者单位烧伤微生物实验室是二级生物安全实验室，主要负责处理笔者科室以及笔者单位其他部分科室的临床微生物样本。自疫情暴发以来，为保证日常工作的正常开展以及医护人员的安全，微生物实验室积极调整日常工作流程。现将具体的流程总结如下，为临床微生物实验室同行的生物安全防护提供参考。.
JO  - Zhonghua shao shang za zhi = Zhonghua shaoshang zazhi = Chinese journal of burns
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 36
IS  - 0
PG  - E008-E008
SP  - E008
EP  - E008
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn501120-20200303-00117
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32268455
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - NEUMONÍA VÍRICA BILATERAL POR COVID-19 COMO HALLAZGO CAUSAL EN 18F-FDG-PET-TC DE ESTADIFICACIÓN DE PACIENTE CON MELANOMA GEMELAR DERECHO
AU  - Gómez-Caminero-López, F.
AU  - García-Talavera-San-Miguel, P.
AU  - Lucas Velázquez, B.
AU  - García Arroyo, J.
AU  - Díaz González, L. G.
AU  - Gómez Grande, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Revista Española de Medicina Nuclear e Imagen Molecular
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.remn.2020.03.014
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2253654X20300603
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Harnessing Innate Immunity to Eliminate SARS-CoV-2 and Ameliorate COVID-19 Disease
AU  - Golonka, Rachel M.
AU  - Saha, Piu
AU  - Yeoh, Beng San
AU  - Chattopadhay, Saurabh
AU  - Gewirtz, Andrew T.
AU  - Joe, Bina
AU  - Vijay-Kumar, Matam
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Physiological genomics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00033.2020
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Psychiatry's Niche Role in the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Goldberg, Joseph F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of clinical psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 81
IS  - 3
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4088/JCP.20com13363
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy for COVID-19: Present or Future
AU  - Golchin, Ali
AU  - Seyedjafari, Ehsan
AU  - Ardeshirylajimi, Abdolreza
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - “COVID-19” is the word that certainly isn’t forgotten by everybody who lives in the first half of the twenty-first century. COVID-19, as a pandemic, has led many researchers from different biomedical fields to find solutions or treatments to manage the pandemic. However, no standard treatment for this disease has been discovered to date. Probably, preventing the severe acute respiratory infection form of COVID-19 as the most dangerous phase of this disease can be helpful for the treatment and reduction of the death rate. In this regard, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-based immunomodulation treatment has been proposed as a suitable therapeutic approach and several clinical trials have begun. Recently, MSCs according to their immunomodulatory and regenerative properties attract attention in clinical trials. After the intravenous transplantation of MSCs, a significant population of cells accumulates in the lung, which they alongside immunomodulatory effect could protect alveolar epithelial cells, reclaim the pulmonary microenvironment, prevent pulmonary fibrosis, and cure lung dysfunction. Given the uncertainties in this area, we reviewed reported clinical trials and hypotheses to provide useful information to researchers and those interested in stem cell therapy. In this study, we considered this new approach to improve patient’s immunological responses to COVID-19 using MSCs and discussed the aspects of this proposed treatment. However, currently, there are no approved MSC-based approaches for the prevention and/or treatment of COVID-19 patients but clinical trials ongoing.
JO  - Stem Cell Reviews and Reports
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-7
SP  - 1
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12015-020-09973-w
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12015-020-09973-w
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19, Medicine, and Sports
AU  - Gilat, Ron
AU  - Cole, Brian J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 outbreak has brought our lives to a sudden and complete lockdown. While the numbers of confirmed cases and deaths continue to rise, people around the world are taking brave actions to mitigate transmission and save lives. The role sports play in this pandemic is unprecedented, fascinating, and reveals the immense impact sports has on every aspect of our lives. We must all do our part to keep each other safe until this outbreak subsides and sports and humanity are back to being greater than ever.
JO  - Arthroscopy, Sports Medicine, and Rehabilitation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asmr.2020.04.003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666061X20300262
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coagulation disorders in coronavirus infected patients: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-1, MERS-CoV and lessons from the past
AU  - Giannis, Dimitrios
AU  - Ziogas, Ioannis A.
AU  - Gianni, Panagiota
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) or severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a novel coronavirus strain disease, has recently emerged in China and rapidly spread worldwide. This novel strain is highly transmittable and severe disease has been reported in up to 16% of hospitalized cases. More than 600,000 cases have been confirmed and the number of deaths is constantly increasing. COVID-19 hospitalized patients, especially those suffering from severe respiratory or systemic manifestations, fall under the spectrum of the acutely ill medical population, which is at increased venous thromboembolism risk. Thrombotic complications seem to emerge as an important issue in patients infected with COVID-19. Preliminary reports on COVID-19 patients’ clinical and laboratory findings include thrombocytopenia, elevated d-dimers, prolonged prothrombin time, and disseminated intravascular coagulation. As the pandemic is spreading and the whole picture is yet unknown, we highlight the importance of coagulation disorders in COVID-19 infected patients and review relevant data of previous coronavirus epidemics caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 1 (SARS-CoV-1) and the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV).
JO  - Journal of Clinical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 104362-104362
SP  - 104362
EP  - 104362
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104362
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1386653220301049
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COMPLEX IMMUNE DYSREGULATION IN COVID-19 PATIENTS WITH SEVERE RESPIRATORY FAILURE
AU  - Giamarellos-Bourboulis, Evangelos J.
AU  - Rovina, Mihai G. Netea Nikoletta
AU  - Akinosoglou, Karolina
AU  - Antoniadou, Anastasia
AU  - Antonakos, Nikolaos
AU  - Damoraki, Georgia
AU  - Gkavogianni, Theologia
AU  - Adami, Maria-Evangelia
AU  - Katsaounou, Paraskevi
AU  - Ntaganou, Maria
AU  - Kyriakopoulou, Magdalini
AU  - Dimopoulos, George
AU  - Koutsodimitropoulos, Ioannis
AU  - Velissaris, Dimitrios
AU  - Koufargyris, Panagiotis
AU  - Karageorgos, Athanassios
AU  - Katrini, Konstantina
AU  - Lekakis, Vassileios
AU  - Lupse, Mihaela
AU  - Kotsaki, Antigone
AU  - Renieris, George
AU  - Theodoulou, Danai
AU  - Panou, Vassiliki
AU  - Koukaki, Evangelia
AU  - Koulouris, Nikolaos
AU  - Gogos, Charalambos
AU  - Antonia, Koutsoukou
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Proper management of COVID-19 mandates better understanding of disease pathogenesis. The sudden clinical deterioration 7-8 days after initial symptom onset suggests that severe respiratory failure (SRF) in COVID-19 is driven by a unique pattern of immune dysfunction. We studied immune responses of 54 COVID-19 patients, 28 of whom had SRF. All SRF patients displayed either macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) or very low human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR expression accompanied by profound depletion of CD4-lymphocytes, CD19- lymphocytes and natural killer cells. TNFα and IL-6 production by circulating monocytes was sustained, a pattern distinct from bacterial sepsis or influenza. SARS-CoV-2 patient plasma inhibited HLA-DR expression, and this was partially restored by the IL-6 blocker Tocilizumab; off-label Tocilizumab treatment of patients was accompanied by increase in circulating lymphocytes. Thus, the unique pattern of immune dysregulation in severe COVID-19 is characterized by IL-6-mediated low HLA-DR expression and lymphopenia, associated with sustained cytokine production and hyper-inflammation.
JO  - Cell Press
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
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DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Will COVID-19 mark the end of an egalitarian NHS?
AU  - Germain, Sabrina
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The paper first unpacks why the allocation of healthcare resources is fundamentally a question of justice in Britain and explains why healthcare law and policy require a philosophical approach in times of crucial change and crisis. Secondly, the paper provides a critical analysis of the current situation for the allocation of healthcare resources and the provision of services to patients directly or indirectly affected by the virus. It concludes that the liberal egalitarian conception of distributive justice at the heart of the NHS that aims to guarantee free and equal access to healthcare is now in jeopardy and is being replaced by a utilitarian approach, based on a priority ranking of patients for the provision of services at this critical time.
JO  - European Journal of Risk Regulation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-10
SP  - 1
EP  - 10
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/err.2020.33
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/will-covid19-mark-the-end-of-an-egalitarian-nhs/1B020BDA3E5426039C614FC4CE84273B
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Conseils d’experts du sommeil pour bien dormer et garder le rythme chez les adultes et les enfants en cette période de confinement liée au CoVid-19
AU  - Geoffroy, Pierre A.
AU  - Bénard, Victoire
AU  - Amad, Ali
AU  - Royant-Parola, Sylvie
AU  - Poirot, Isabelle
AU  - Guichard, Kelly
AU  - Micoulaud-Franchi, Jean-Arthur
AU  - Brion, Agnès
AU  - Etain, Bruno
AU  - Maruani, Julia
AU  - Meyrel, Manon
AU  - Claret-Tournier, Anne
AU  - Daudet, Christophe
AU  - Lopez, Régis
AU  - Maranci, Jean-Baptiste
AU  - Lombardi, Anne-Sophie
AU  - Bertrand, Léa
AU  - Tebeka, Samuel
AU  - Forner, Hélène Benzaquen
AU  - Lejoyeux, Michel
AU  - d’Ortho, Marie-Pia
AU  - Maruani, Anna
AU  - Haffen, Emmanuel
AU  - Gagnadoux, Frédéric
AU  - Bioulac, Stéphanie
AU  - Schroder, Carmen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Résumé A la fois le confinement lié au virus Covid-19 et le stress induit par la pandémie peuvent entraîner des perturbations importantes des rythmes et du sommeil. Des experts du sommeil de la section Sommeil et rythmes biologiques en Psychiatrie (SoPsy) de l’Association Française de Psychiatrie Biologique et de Neuropsychopharmacologie (AFPBN) et de la Société Française de Recherche et Médecine du Sommeil (SFRMS), en partenariat avec le Réseau Morphée et l’Institut National du Sommeil et de la Vigilance (INSV), proposent ici des conseils pour bien dormir et garder ses rythmes. Des recommandations spécifiques sont adressées d’une part aux adultes et d’autre part aux parents pour leurs enfants. Les personnes avec un trouble de l’humeur (dépression, trouble bipolaire, etc) doivent particulièrement prêter attention et conserver des routines durant cette période afin de maintenir une humeur stable. Il est proposé des stratégies d’autogestion pour renforcer l’horloge biologique, tous les jours ! Les recommandations comportent des astuces simples et pratiques pour le jour et la nuit, mais aussi des conseils spécifiques à ce contexte pour limiter l’exposition au stress et mieux le gérer. Enfin, quelques sources et liens utiles sont proposés. Both, the confinement itself and the stress induces by the Covid-19 virus pandemic can lead to significant disruptions in habitual rhythms and sleep. Sleep experts from the Sleep and Biological Rhythms in Psychiatry section (SoPsy) of the French Association for Biological Psychiatry and Neuropsychopharmacology (AFPBN) and the French Society of Sleep Research and Medicine (SFRMS), in partnership with the Morphée network and the National Institute of Sleep and Vigilance (INSV), offer recommendations on how to sleep well and to keep your rhythms. Specific recommendations are addressed on the one hand to adults and on the other hand to parents for their children. People affected by mood disorders (depression, bipolar disorder, etc.) should particularly pay attention to maintaining routines during this period in order to maintain a stable mood. Self-management strategies are suggested to strengthen the biological clock, every day! The recommendations include tips for day and night, but also some specific advices for this context, to limit stress exposure and to improve its management. Finally, useful online ressources and links are suggested.
JO  - Médecine du Sommeil
PB  - 
CY  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
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AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msom.2020.04.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1769449320300376
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Sinonasal pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19: a systematic review of the current evidence
AU  - Gengler, Isabelle
AU  - Wang, James C.
AU  - Speth, Marlene M.
AU  - Sedaghat, Ahmad R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Objective The ongoing pandemic of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, is highly contagious with high morbidity and mortality. The role of the nasal and paranasal sinus cavities is increasingly recognized for COVID-19 symptomatology and transmission. We therefore conducted a systematic review, synthesizing existing scientific evidence about sinonasal pathophysiology in COVID-19. Study design Systematic review. Methods Systematic searches were performed of all indexed studies in PubMed/Medline and Cochrane databases through March 28, 2020 and studies searchable on preprints.com (including ArXiv and Scilit repositories) through March 30, 2020. Data extraction focused on sinonasal pathophysiology in COVID-19. Results A total 19 studies were identified. The sinonasal cavity may be a major site of infection by SARS-CoV-2, where susceptibility genes required for infection are expressed at high levels and may be modulated by environmental and host factors. Viral shedding appears to be highest from the nose, therefore reflecting a major source for transmission. This has been highlighted by multiple reports of healthcare-associated infection during rhinologic procedures, which are now consequently considered to be high risk for SARS-CoV-2 transmission to healthcare workers. While sinonasal symptomatology, such as rhinorrhea or congestion, appears to be a rarer symptom of COVID-19, anosmia without nasal obstruction is reported as highly specific predictor of COVID-19+ patients. Conclusion Sinonasal pathophysiology is increasingly important in our understanding of COVID-19. The sinonasal tract may be an important site of infection while sinonasal viral shedding may be an important transmission mechanism?including healthcare-associated infection. Anosmia without nasal obstruction may be a highly specific indicator of COVID-19. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/lio2.384
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/lio2.384
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - High flow nasal cannula is a good treatment option for COVID-19
AU  - Geng, Shike
AU  - Mei, Qing
AU  - Zhu, Chunyan
AU  - Yang, Tianjun
AU  - Yang, Yun
AU  - Fang, Xiaowei
AU  - Pan, Aijun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Heart & Lung
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrtlng.2020.03.018
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147956320301138
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chloroquine as prophylactic agent against COVID-19?
AU  - Gendrot, Mathieu
AU  - Javelle, Emilie
AU  - Dault, Erwan Le
AU  - Clerc, Axelle
AU  - Savini, Hélène
AU  - Pradines, Bruno
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 105980-105980
SP  - 105980
EP  - 105980
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105980
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0924857920301370
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical and microbiological effect of a combination of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin in 80 COVID-19 patients with at least a six-day follow up: A pilot observational study
AU  - Gautret, Philippe
AU  - Lagier, Jean-Christophe
AU  - Parola, Philippe
AU  - Hoang, Van Thuan
AU  - Meddeb, Line
AU  - Sevestre, Jacques
AU  - Mailhe, Morgane
AU  - Doudier, Barbara
AU  - Aubry, Camille
AU  - Amrane, Sophie
AU  - Seng, Piseth
AU  - Hocquart, Marie
AU  - Eldin, Carole
AU  - Finance, Julie
AU  - Vieira, Vera Esteves
AU  - Dupont, Hervé Tissot
AU  - Honoré, Stéphane
AU  - Stein, Andreas
AU  - Million, Matthieu
AU  - Colson, Philippe
AU  - La Scola, Bernard
AU  - Veit, Véronique
AU  - Jacquier, Alexis
AU  - Deharo, Jean-Claude
AU  - Drancourt, Michel
AU  - Fournier, Pierre Edouard
AU  - Rolain, Jean-Marc
AU  - Brouqui, Philippe
AU  - Raoult, Didier
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background We need an effective treatment to cure COVID-19 patients and to decrease virus carriage duration. Methods We conducted an uncontrolled non-comparative observational study in a cohort of 80 relatively mildly infected inpatients treated with a combination of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin over a period of at least three days, with three main measurements: clinical outcome, contagiousness as assessed by PCR and culture, and length of stay in infectious disease unit (IDU). Results All patients improved clinically except one 86 year-old patient who died, and one 74 year-old patient still in intensive care. A rapid fall of nasopharyngeal viral load was noted, with 83% negative at Day7, and 93% at Day8. Virus cultures from patient respiratory samples were negative in 97.5% of patients at Day5. Consequently patients were able to be rapidly discharged from IDU with a mean length of stay of five days. Conclusion We believe there is urgency to evaluate the effectiveness of this potentially-life saving therapeutic strategy at a larger scale, both to treat and cure patients at an early stage before irreversible severe respiratory complications take hold and to decrease duration of carriage and avoid the spread of the disease. Furthermore, the cost of treatment is negligible.
JO  - Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101663-101663
SP  - 101663
EP  - 101663
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101663
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893920301319
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 2019-nCoV pandemic: A disruptive and stressful atmosphere for Indian academic fraternity
AU  - Gautam, Ritu
AU  - Sharma, Manik
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Brain, Behavior, and Immunity
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.025
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0889159120305067
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 pneumonia: different respiratory treatments for different phenotypes?
AU  - Gattinoni, Luciano
AU  - Chiumello, Davide
AU  - Caironi, Pietro
AU  - Busana, Mattia
AU  - Romitti, Federica
AU  - Brazzi, Luca
AU  - Camporota, Luigi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Intensive Care Medicine 2020
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/S00134-020-06033-2
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The role of Mental Health Home Hospitalization Care during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Garriga, Marina
AU  - Agasi, Isabel
AU  - Fedida, Ester
AU  - Pinzón-Espinosa, Justo
AU  - Vazquez, Mireia
AU  - Pacchiarotti, Isabella
AU  - Vieta, Eduard
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The 2019 novel coronavirus disease emerged in China in late 2019-early 2020 and it is spreading rapidly worldwide (1). Amongst the Spanish public health interventions aimed at reducing the transmission rate, home confinement has been enforced (2). The Royal Decree 463/2020 stated a 15-day national emergency states starting on March 15, that has since been extended (3).
JO  - Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica
PB  - 
CY  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/acps.13173
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19, wall building, and the effects on Migrant Protection Protocols by the Trump administration: the spectacle of the worsening human rights disaster on the Mexico-U.S. border
AU  - Garrett, Terence M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Administrative Theory & Praxis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-9
SP  - 1
EP  - 9
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/10841806.2020.1750212
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/10841806.2020.1750212
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Doomsday preppers and the architecture of dread
AU  - Garrett, Bradley
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Prepping is a practice of anticipating and adaptating to impending conditions of calamity, ranging from low-level crises to extinction-level events. The 2020 COVID-19 pandemic, which preppers consider a 'mid-level' event, and which many of them were well-prepared for, makes clear that scholarly attention to prepper's motivations and methods is both timely and valuable. Drawing from a three-year ethnographic research project with preppers, this paper traces the activity of a single bunker builder who has constructed a technically sophisticated private underground community. Supplemented by additional fieldwork, the paper argues that the boltholes preppers are building in closed communities built to survive the collapse of society, order, and even the environment itself, refract the seemingly irresolvable problems we are failing to address as a species. In the prepper ideology, faith in adaptation has supplanted hope of mitigation, making contemporary bunkers more speculative than reactionary and more temporal than spatial. The bunkers preppers build are an ark to cross through a likely (but often unspecified) catastrophe; they are a chrysalis from which to be reborn - potentially even into an improved milieu.
JO  - Geoforum
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2020.03.014
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016718520300804
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID and hematology: special considerations regarding patient safety, gold standard therapies and safety for health care professionals
AU  - Garnica, Marcia
AU  - Maiolino, Angelo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Hematology, Transfusion and Cell Therapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.htct.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2531137920300316
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Human biases and the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic
AU  - Garcia-Alamino, Josep M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Intensive & critical care nursing
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 102861-102861
SP  - 102861
EP  - 102861
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.iccn.2020.102861
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Reduction in ST-Segment Elevation Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory Activations in the United States during COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Garcia, Santiago
AU  - Albaghdadi, Mazen S.
AU  - Meraj, Perwaiz M.
AU  - Schmidt, Christian
AU  - Garberich, Ross
AU  - Jaffer, Farouc A.
AU  - Dixon, Simon
AU  - Rade, Jeffrey J.
AU  - Tannenbaum, Mark
AU  - Chambers, Jenny
AU  - Huang, Paul P.
AU  - Henry, Timothy D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American College of Cardiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2020.04.011
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735109720349135
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Structure of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase from COVID-19 virus
AU  - Gao, Yan
AU  - Yan, Liming
AU  - Huang, Yucen
AU  - Liu, Fengjiang
AU  - Zhao, Yao
AU  - Cao, Lin
AU  - Wang, Tao
AU  - Sun, Qianqian
AU  - Ming, Zhenhua
AU  - Zhang, Lianqi
AU  - Ge, Ji
AU  - Zheng, Litao
AU  - Zhang, Ying
AU  - Wang, Haofeng
AU  - Zhu, Yan
AU  - Zhu, Chen
AU  - Hu, Tianyu
AU  - Hua, Tian
AU  - Zhang, Bing
AU  - Yang, Xiuna
AU  - Li, Jun
AU  - Yang, Haitao
AU  - Liu, Zhijie
AU  - Xu, Wenqing
AU  - Guddat, Luke W.
AU  - Wang, Quan
AU  - Lou, Zhiyong
AU  - Rao, Zihe
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A novel coronavirus (COVID-19 virus) outbreak has caused a global pandemic resulting in tens of thousands of infections and thousands of deaths worldwide. The RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp, also named nsp12) is the central component of coronaviral replication/transcription machinery and appears to be a primary target for the antiviral drug, remdesivir. We report the cryo-EM structure of COVID-19 virus full-length nsp12 in complex with cofactors nsp7 and nsp8 at 2.9-Å resolution. In addition to the conserved architecture of the polymerase core of the viral polymerase family, nsp12 possesses a newly identified β-hairpin domain at its N terminus. A comparative analysis model shows how remdesivir binds to this polymerase. The structure provides a basis for the design of new antiviral therapeutics targeting viral RdRp.
JO  - Science (New York, N.Y.)
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb7498
UR  - 
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - A cluster of the Corona Virus Disease 2019 caused by incubation period transmission in Wuxi, China
AU  - Gao, Yumeng
AU  - Shi, Chao
AU  - Chen, Yujun
AU  - Shi, Ping
AU  - Liu, Juan
AU  - Xiao, Yong
AU  - Shen, Yuan
AU  - Chen, Enping
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.042
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.042
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Update on use of chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine to treat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
AU  - Gao, Jianjun
AU  - Hu, Shasha
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Drugs that are specifically efficacious against SARS-CoV-2 have yet to be established. Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine have garnered considerable attention for their potential to treat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Increasing evidence obtained from completed clinical studies indicates the prospects for chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine to treat COVID-19. More randomized control clinical studies are warranted to determine the feasibility of these two drugs in treating COVID-19.
JO  - BioScience Trends
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 2020.03072-2020.03072
SP  - 2020.03072
EP  - 2020.03072
AN  - 
DO  - 10.5582/bst.2020.03072
UR  - https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/bst/advpub/0/advpub_2020.03072/_article
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Increased expression of CD8 marker on T-cells in COVID-19 patients
AU  - Ganji, Ali
AU  - Farahani, Iman
AU  - Khansarinejad, Behzad
AU  - Ghazavi, Ali
AU  - Mosayebi, Ghasem
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background Cell-mediated immunity including T-cells (T helper and cytotoxic) plays an essential role in efficient antiviral responses against coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). Therefore, in this study, we evaluated the ratio and expression of CD4 and CD8 markers in COVID-19 patients to clarify the immune characterizations of CD4 and CD8 T-cells in COVID-19 patients. Methods Peripheral blood samples of 25 COVID-19 patients and 25 normal individuals with similar age and sex as the control group were collected. White blood cells, platelets, and lymphocytes were counted and CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes were evaluated by flow cytometry. Results The number of white blood cells, lymphocytes, and platelets were reduced significantly in COVID-19 patients (P < 0.05). The difference in CD4:CD8 ratio, CD4 T-cell frequency, CD8 T-cell frequency, and CD4 mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) was not significant between COVID-19 patients and healthy individuals (P > 0.05); however, the CD8 MFI increased significantly in COVID-19 infected patients (P < 0.05). Conclusion Although, there is no significant difference in the ratio of CD4 to CD8 between two groups, the expression level of CD8 in COVID-19 patients was significantly higher than the normal individuals. This result suggested that the cellular immune responses triggered by COVID-19 infection were developed through overexpression of CD8 and hyperactivation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes.
JO  - Blood Cells, Molecules, and Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 102437-102437
SP  - 102437
EP  - 102437
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcmd.2020.102437
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1079979620301364
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Threat for Patients with Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer
AU  - Ganatra, Sarju
AU  - Hammond, Sarah P.
AU  - Nohria, Anju
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JACC: CardioOncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaccao.2020.03.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266608732030065X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The fight against COVID-19 and the restoration of trust in Chinese medical professionals
AU  - Gan, Yiqun
AU  - Chen, Yidi
AU  - Wang, Cheng
AU  - Latkin, Carl
AU  - Hall, Brian J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Asian Journal of Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 102072-102072
SP  - 102072
EP  - 102072
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102072
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876201820301830
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Olfactory Bulb Magnetic Resonance Imaging in SARS-CoV-2-Induced Anosmia: The First Report
AU  - Galougahi, Mahboobeh Karimi
AU  - Ghorbani, Jahangir
AU  - Bakhshayeshkaram, Mehrdad
AU  - Naeini, Ali Safavi
AU  - Haseli, Sara
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Academic Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acra.2020.04.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S107663322030194X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - "We Signed Up for This!" - Student and Trainee Responses to the Covid-19 Pandemic
AU  - Gallagher, Thomas H.
AU  - Schleyer, Anneliese M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The New England journal of medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMp2005234
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32268020
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Mental Health Consequences of COVID-19 and Physical Distancing: The Need for Prevention and Early Intervention
AU  - Galea, Sandro
AU  - Merchant, Raina M.
AU  - Lurie, Nicole
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA internal medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.1562
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis
AU  - Fu, Leiwen
AU  - Wang, Bingyi
AU  - Yuan, Tanwei
AU  - Chen, Xiaoting
AU  - Ao, Yunlong
AU  - Fitzpatrick, Tom
AU  - Li, Peiyang
AU  - Zhou, Yiguo
AU  - Lin, Yifan
AU  - Duan, Qibin
AU  - Luo, Ganfeng
AU  - Fan, Song
AU  - Lu, Yong
AU  - Feng, Anping
AU  - Zhan, Yuewei
AU  - Liang, Bowen
AU  - Cai, Weiping
AU  - Zhang, Lin
AU  - Du, Xiangjun
AU  - Shu, Yuelong
AU  - Li, Linghua
AU  - Zou, Huachun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To better inform efforts to treat and control the current outbreak with a comprehensive characterization of COVID-19. Methods We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and CNKI (Chinese Database) for studies published as of March 2, 2020, and we searched references of identified articles. Studies were reviewed for methodological quality. A random-effects model was used to pool results. Heterogeneity was assessed using I2. Publication bias was assessed using Egger's test. Results 43 studies involving 3600 patients were included. Among COVID-19 patients, fever (83.3% [95% CI 78.4–87.7]), cough (60.3% [54.2–66.3]), and fatigue (38.0% [29.8–46.5]) were the most common clinical symptoms. The most common laboratory abnormalities were elevated C-reactive protein (68.6% [58.2–78.2]), decreased lymphocyte count (57.4% [44.8–69.5]) and increased lactate dehydrogenase (51.6% [31.4–71.6]). Ground-glass opacities (80.0% [67.3–90.4]) and bilateral pneumonia (73.2% [63.4–82.1]) were the most frequently reported findings on computed tomography. The overall estimated proportion of severe cases and case-fatality rate (CFR) was 25.6% (17.4–34.9) and 3.6% (1.1–7.2), respectively. CFR and laboratory abnormalities were higher in severe cases, patients from Wuhan, and older patients, but CFR did not differ by gender. Conclusions The majority of COVID-19 cases are symptomatic with a moderate CFR. Patients living in Wuhan, older patients, and those with medical comorbidities tend to have more severe clinical symptoms and higher CFR.
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.041
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0163445320301705
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Regional air pollution persistence links to covid19 infection zoning
AU  - Frontera, Antonio
AU  - Martin, Claire
AU  - Vlachos, Kostantinos
AU  - Sgubin, Giovanni
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.045
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.045
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Assessing the severity of COVID-19 TT - Analise da gravidade da pandemia de Covid-19
AU  - Freitas, Andre Ricardo Ribas
AU  - Napimoga, Marcelo
AU  - Donalisio, Maria Rita
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Epidemiologia e servicos de saude : revista do Sistema Unico de Saude do Brasil
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 29
IS  - 2
PG  - e2020119-e2020119
SP  - e2020119
EP  - e2020119
AN  - 
DO  - 10.5123/s1679-49742020000200008
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Creating Dermatology Guidelines for Covid-19: The Pitfalls of Applying Evidence Based Medicine to an Emerging Infectious Disease
AU  - Freeman, Esther E.
AU  - McMahon, Devon E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.04.002
UR  - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0190962220305338
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Leadership in the time of crisis
AU  - Foster, Sam
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Sam Foster, Chief Nurse, Oxford University Hospitals, considers what leaders need to do in this time of COVID-19.
JO  - British journal of nursing (Mark Allen Publishing)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 29
IS  - 7
PG  - 449-449
SP  - 449
EP  - 449
AN  - 
DO  - 10.12968/bjon.2020.29.7.449
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel Approach to Reduce Transmission of COVID-19 During Tracheostomy
AU  - Foster, Peter
AU  - Cheung, Tiffany
AU  - Craft, Patrick
AU  - Baran, Kelsey
AU  - Kryskow, Mark
AU  - Knowles, Ross
AU  - Toia, Alyssa
AU  - Galvez, Christian
AU  - Bowling, Adam
AU  - DiSiena, Michael
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - ABSTRACT Severe infection involving the novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) has been associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome that subsequently requires patients to be intubated and dependent on mechanical ventilation. In the setting of the recent pandemic, there is a greater need to perform tracheostomy for these patients. With the high transmissibility of the virus, there has been an increasing concern for the development of techniques to perform surgical intervention while mitigating the risk for infecting hospital staff. As more data emerge pertaining to viral shedding in various bodily fluids, it has become more important to give special attention to precautions. In this article, we submit a novel approach for better protection and thus reduced transmission for tracheostomy in a COVID-19 positive patient. Importantly, this technique is functional, easy to set up, and can be used for additional operations that involve risk of aerosolization or droplet exposure to operating room staff.
JO  - Journal of the American College of Surgeons
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2020.04.014
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1072751520303227
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Phylogenetic network analysis of SARS-CoV-2 genomes
AU  - Forster, Peter
AU  - Forster, Lucy
AU  - Renfrew, Colin
AU  - Forster, Michael
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In a phylogenetic network analysis of 160 complete human severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2) genomes, we find three central variants distinguished by amino acid changes, which we have named A, B, and C, with A being the ancestral type according to the bat outgroup coronavirus. The A and C types are found in significant proportions outside East Asia, that is, in Europeans and Americans. In contrast, the B type is the most common type in East Asia, and its ancestral genome appears not to have spread outside East Asia without first mutating into derived B types, pointing to founder effects or immunological or environmental resistance against this type outside Asia. The network faithfully traces routes of infections for documented coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases, indicating that phylogenetic networks can likewise be successfully used to help trace undocumented COVID-19 infection sources, which can then be quarantined to prevent recurrent spread of the disease worldwide.
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1073/pnas.2004999117
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32269081
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cardiovascular molecular mechanisms of disease with COVID-19
AU  - Foo, Roger
AU  - Wang, Yibin
AU  - Zimmermann, Wolfram-Hubertus
AU  - Backs, Johannes
AU  - Wang, Dao Wen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yjmcc.2020.04.010
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022282820300936
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - An alternative workflow for molecular detection of SARS-CoV-2 – escape from the NA extraction kit-shortage, Copenhagen, Denmark, March 2020
AU  - Fomsgaard, Anna S.
AU  - Rosenstierne, Maiken Worsøe
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - NA purification before PCR/reverse transcription (RT)-PCR is the gold standard for molecular diagnostics. The MagNa Pure 96 system (Roche Molecular Biochemicals, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States (US)) is a widely used system for high-throughput NA purification in many public health laboratories worldwide [2]. However, with Roche’s announcement of emerging kit-shortages and bottlenecks in kit production processes [3], we investigated if real-time RT-PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis could be performed with minimal pre-treatment of samples. We used the most common sample type (oropharyngeal swabs) collected from patients suspected of COVID-19 in Denmark. Three simplified approaches, which involved minimal handling of the samples before the RT-qPCR for SARS-CoV-2 were employed to avoid the NA purification step. The first approach was direct: 5 µL of the saline/transport solution from the throat-swab were added to the RT-qPCR reaction without any treatment. The second was a phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) diluted approach: the saline/transport solution was further diluted 1:1 with PBS before adding 5 µL directly to the RT-qPCR reaction. The third was a heat-processed method: we compared four different heat-processes on 10 µL of the saline/transport solution from the throat swab, (i) 5 min at 95 °C, (ii) 10 min at 95 °C, (iii) 5 min at 98 °C and (iv) 10 min at 98 °C, respectively. All heat-processed clinical samples were cooled for 2 min at 4 °C before 5 µL were used in the RT-qPCR reaction. Two SARS-CoV-2 RT-qPCR assays were used: (i) the published and widely used RT-qPCR assay for the envelope (E)-gene [4,5] combined with the SensiFAST Probe No-ROX One-Step Real-time PCR kit (Bioline Meridian BioScience, Cincinnati, Ohio, US), and (ii) the commercial RealStar SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR kit 1.0 (Altona Diagnostics, Hamburg, Germany). We employed 87 patient samples, comprising 65 positive and 22 negative for SARS-CoV-2. The RT-qPCR results (number of positives and cycle threshold (Ct) values) from the different approaches were compared with the RT-qPCR results from MagNA Pure 96 or QIAcube Connect (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany) purified samples. The switch from the MagNA Pure 96 to the QIAcube Connect system to extract NA, was necessary due to a shortage of processing cartridges for the MagNA Pure 96 system. Of the 65 positive samples, 39 samples were purified on the MagNA Pure 96 system, 50 samples on the QIAcube Connect system and 24 samples were purified using both NA extraction methods. The comparison of the SensiFAST Probe No-ROX One-Step Real-time PCR results using the simplified workflow to both NA purification systems is shown
JO  - Eurosurveillance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 25
IS  - 14
PG  - 2000398
SP  - 2000398
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.14.2000398
UR  - https://eurosurveillance.org/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.14.2000398
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Milan 2020: COVID-19, neuro-oncology and much more
AU  - Finocchiaro, Gaetano
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Neuro-Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11060-020-03495-8
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11060-020-03495-8
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How to manage obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) under COVID-19: A clinician's guide from the International College of Obsessive Compulsive Spectrum Disorders (ICOCS) and the Obsessive-Compulsive Research Network (OCRN) of the European College of Neurops
AU  - Fineberg, N. A.
AU  - Van Ameringen, M.
AU  - Drummond, L.
AU  - Hollander, E.
AU  - Stein, D. J.
AU  - Geller, D.
AU  - Walitza, S.
AU  - Pallanti, S.
AU  - Pellegrini, L.
AU  - Zohar, J.
AU  - Rodriguez, C. I.
AU  - Menchon, J. M.
AU  - Morgado, P.
AU  - Mpavaenda, D.
AU  - Fontenelle, L. F.
AU  - Feusner, J. D.
AU  - Grassi, G.
AU  - Lochner, C.
AU  - Veltman, D. J.
AU  - Sireau, N.
AU  - Carmi, L.
AU  - Adam, D.
AU  - Nicolini, H.
AU  - Dell'Osso, B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Comprehensive Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 152174-152174
SP  - 152174
EP  - 152174
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2020.152174
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0010440X2030016X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Letter from Italy: First practical indications for radiation therapy departments during COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Filippi, A. R.
AU  - Russi, E.
AU  - Magrini, S. M.
AU  - Corvò, R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.03.007
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005516721 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.03.007
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pandemia por Covid-19: el mayor reto de la historia del intensivismo
AU  - Ferrer, Ricard
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Medicina Intensiva
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medin.2020.04.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0210569120301017
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Obstetrics Task Force, Lombardy, Italy: executive management summary and short report of outcome
AU  - Ferrazzi, Enrico M.
AU  - Frigerio, Luigi
AU  - Cetin, Irene
AU  - Vergani, Patrizia
AU  - Spinillo, Arsenio
AU  - Prefumo, Federico
AU  - Pellegrini, Edda
AU  - Gargantini, Gianluigi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - From February 24, 2020, a COVID-19 obstetric task force was structured to deliver management recommendations for obstetric care. From March 1, 2020, six COVID-19 hubs and their spokes were designated. An interim analysis of cases occurring in or transferred to these hubs was performed on March 20, 2020 and recommendations were released on March 24, 2020. The vision of this strict organization was to centralize patients in high-risk maternity centers in order to concentrate human resources and personal protective equipment (PPE), dedicate protected areas of these major hospitals, and centralize clinical multidisciplinary experience with this disease. All maternity hospitals were informed to provide a protected labor and delivery room for nontransferable patients in advanced labor. A pre-triage based on temperature and 14 other items was developed in order to screen suspected patients in all hospitals to be tested with nasopharyngeal swabs. Obstetric outpatient facilities were instructed to maintain scheduled pregnancy screening as per Italian guidelines, and to provide pre-triage screening and surgical masks for personnel and patients for pre-triage-negative patients. Forty-two cases were recorded in the first 20 days of hub and spoke organization. The clinical presentation was interstitial pneumonia in 20 women. Of these, seven required respiratory support and eventually did well. Two premature labors occurred.
JO  - International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/ijgo.13162
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32267531
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 with Different Severity: A Multi-center Study of Clinical Features
AU  - Feng, Yun
AU  - Ling, Yun
AU  - Bai, Tao
AU  - Xie, Yusang
AU  - Huang, Jie
AU  - Li, Jian
AU  - Xiong, Weining
AU  - Yang, Dexiang
AU  - Chen, Rong
AU  - Lu, Fangying
AU  - Lu, Yunfei
AU  - Liu, Xuhui
AU  - Chen, Yuqing
AU  - Li, Xin
AU  - Li, Yong
AU  - Summah, Hanssa Dwarka
AU  - Lin, Huihuang
AU  - Yan, Jiayang
AU  - Zhou, Min
AU  - Lu, Hongzhou
AU  - Qu, Jieming
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - RATIONALE: COVID-19 pandemic is now a global health concern. OBJECTIVES: We compared the clinical characteristics, laboratory examinations, CT images and treatment of COVID-19 patients from three different cities in China. METHODS: 476 patients were recruited from Jan 1 to Feb 15, 2020 at three hospitals in Wuhan, Shanghai and Anhui. Patients were divided into four groups according to age and into three groups (moderate, severe, and critical group) according to the fifth version of the guidelines issued by the National Health Commission of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of COVID-19. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Compared with moderate group (37.8%), the incidence of comorbidities was higher in severe (46.3%) and critical groups (67.1%). Compared with severe and critical groups, there were more patients taking ACEI/ARB in moderate group. More patients had multiple lung lobe involvement and pleural effusion in the critical group as compared to moderate group. Compared with the moderate group, more patients received antiviral agents within first 4 days than in severe group, and more patients received antibiotics and corticosteriods in critical and severe groups. Patients over 75 years old had significantly lower survival rate than the younger patients. CONCLUSION: Multiple organ dysfunction and impaired immune function were the typical characteristics of severe and critical patients. There was a significant difference in angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin II receptor blockers usage among patients with different severities. Involvement of multiple lung lobes and pleural effusion were associated with the severity of COVID-19. Advanced age (≥75 years) was a risk factor for mortality. This article is open access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives License 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
JO  - American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1164/rccm.202002-0445OC
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preventing the Transmission of COVID-19 Amongst Healthcare Workers
AU  - Feng Tan, L. I.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of hospital infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jhin.2020.04.008
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Trials of anti-tumour necrosis factor therapy for COVID-19 are urgently needed
AU  - Feldmann, Marc
AU  - Maini, Ravinder N.
AU  - Woody, James N.
AU  - Holgate, Stephen T.
AU  - Winter, Gregory
AU  - Rowland, Matthew
AU  - Richards, Duncan
AU  - Hussell, Tracy
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - With more than 81 000 deaths worldwide from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by April 8, 2020,1 it is incumbent on researchers to accelerate clinical trials of any readily available and potentially acceptably safe therapies that could reduce the rising death toll. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) gains access to host cells via angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, which is expressed in the type II surfactant-secreting alveolar cells of the lungs.2 Severe COVID-19 is associated with a major immune inflammatory response with abundant neutrophils, lymphocytes, macrophages, and immune mediators.
JO  - Lancet (London, England)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30858-8
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Characterization of Children Younger than 5 Years of Age with Severe Community-Acquired Alveolar Pneumonia (CAAP) Requiring Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) Admission
AU  - Feinstein, Yael
AU  - Greenberg, David
AU  - Ben-Shimol, Shalom
AU  - Mimran, Maya
AU  - Dagan, Ron
AU  - Givon-Lavi, Noga
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background The purpose of this study was to determine factors characterizing children admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) with community-acquired alveolar pneumonia (CAAP) to help clinicians assess disease severity upon initial assessment in the emergency department. Methods We prospectively collected demographic, clinical, and laboratory data of children <5 years with radiologically confirmed CAAP referred to the Soroka University Medical Center during 2001–2011. Three groups of children were compared: 1) those hospitalized in the PICU (PICU-CAAP); 2) those treated in the emergency department and discharged (ED-CAAP); and 3) those hospitalized in a pediatric ward (Hosp-CAAP). Results Of 9,722 CAAP episodes, 367 (3.8%) were PICU-CAAP, 5,552 (57.1%) Hosp-CAAP and 3,803 (39.1%) ED-CAAP. In a univariate analysis, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) was detected more commonly among PICU-CAAP than in Hosp-CAAP (P=0.02) and ED-CAAP patients (P<0.001). In a multivariate analysis, several factors were associated with PICU hospitalization versus ED-CAAP and Hosp-CAAP: Younger age (ORs: 1.04, [95%CI: 1.02-1.05] and 0.97 [0.96–0.98], respectively); prematurity (ORs: 2.16 [1.28–3.64] and 1.61 [1.15–2.26], respectively), lower O2 saturation (ORs: 1.32 [1.25-1.41] and 0.94[0.92-0.96]), higher respiratory rate (ORs: 1.06 [1.04-1.07] and 1.00 [1-1.01], respectively). Conclusion Children admitted to PICU were younger, had more respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) detection, were premature, had lower O2 saturation, and had a higher respiratory rate than those admitted to the general ward or those visiting the emergency department and subsequently discharged.
JO  - Pediatrics & Neonatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedneo.2020.03.011
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1875957220300504
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recommendations for Minimal Laboratory Testing Panels in Patients with COVID-19: Potential for Prognostic Monitoring
AU  - Favaloro, Emmanuel J.
AU  - Lippi, Giuseppe
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1055/s-0040-1709498
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [COVID-19 Crisis: Early Observations on a Pandemic's Psychiatric Problems]
AU  - Fatke, Bastian
AU  - Hölzle, Patricia
AU  - Frank, Andreas
AU  - Förstl, Hans
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We have recently observed several clusters of psychiatric symptoms in the context of COVID-19: (1) increased anxiety in psychiatric in- and outpatients with different diagnoses; (2) more cases of domestic violence often associated with increased drug- or alcohol-consumption in offenders and victims; (3) a nihilistic "apocalyptic" syndrome of elderly patients cut-off from their families; (4) visual and acoustic hallucinoses due to pneumonia and sepsis-related confusional states. Cases of chloroquine-related toxicity have been reported elsewhere, but have not been observed in our hospital so far. Mental issues related to COVID-19 reported from China and practical recommendations are briefly summarized. Many patients with serious mental disorders will suffer world-wide due to a reallocation of medical, social and financial ressources.
JO  - Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1055/a-1147-2889
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - An account of the first hours of the Covid-19 epidemic at the Nephrology Unit in Lodi (Lombardy)
AU  - Farina, Marco
AU  - Barbisoni, Francesco
AU  - Bertacchini, Silvia
AU  - Borettaz, Ilaria
AU  - Bucci, Raffaella
AU  - Maggio, Milena
AU  - Ronga, Chiara
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Marco Farina and colleagues give us their account of the first days of the Covid-19 epidemic in the Nephrology Unit of the Ospedale Maggiore in Lodi. From the news trickling through from Codogno on the 20th of February to the hospitalization, the following day, of the first dialytic patient with signs of pneumonia, who later tested positive to the virus. They tell us of how the hospital has been completely restructured in the wake of the epidemic, at remarkable speed and providing an example for others to follow, and the great sense self-sacrifice displayed by all medical personnel. After an overview of the clinical conditions of the 7 patients positive to the virus hospitalised in the following few days, they describe in some detail how symptomatic Covid+ patients are currently managed at the Ospedale Maggiore in Lodi.
JO  - Giornale italiano di nefrologia : organo ufficiale della Societa italiana di nefrologia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 37
IS  - 2
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Delivering High-Quality Vascular Care via Telehealth during the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Fankhauser, Grant
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Vascular Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvs.2020.04.010
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S074152142030505X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Low-dose corticosteroid therapy does not delay viral clearance in patients with COVID-1
AU  - Fang, Xiaowei
AU  - Mei, Qing
AU  - Yang, Tianjun
AU  - Li, Lei
AU  - Wang, Yinzhong
AU  - Tong, Fei
AU  - Geng, Shike
AU  - Pan, Aijun
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.039
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.039
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A protection tent for airway management in patients with COVID-19 infection
AU  - Fang, Pin-Hui
AU  - Lin, Yu-Yuan
AU  - Lin, Chih-Hao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2020.04.004
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0196064420302547
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical Features of COVID-19-Related Liver Damage
AU  - Fan, Zhenyu
AU  - Chen, Liping
AU  - Li, Jun
AU  - Cheng, Xin
AU  - Jingmao, Yang
AU  - Tian, Cheng
AU  - Zhang, Yajun
AU  - Huang, Shaoping
AU  - Liu, Zhanju
AU  - Cheng, Jilin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background & Aims Some patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection have abnormal liver function. We aimed to clarify the features of COVID-19-related liver damage to provide references for clinical treatment. Methods We performed a retrospective, single-center study of 148 consecutive patients with confirmed COVID-19 (73 female, 75 male; mean age, 50 years) at the Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center from January 20 through January 31, 2020. Patient outcomes were followed until February 19, 2020. Patients were analyzed for clinical features, laboratory parameters (including liver function tests), medications, and length of hospital stay. Abnormal liver function was defined as increased levels of alanine and aspartate aminotransferase, gamma glutamyltransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and total bilirubin. Results Fifty-five patients (37.2%) had abnormal liver function at hospital admission; 14.5% of these patients had high fever (14.5%), compared with 4.3% of patients with normal liver function (P=.027). Patients with abnormal liver function were more likely to be male, and had higher levels of procalcitonin and C-reactive protein. There was no statistical difference between groups in medications taken before hospitalization; a significantly higher proportion of patients with abnormal liver function (57.8%) had received lopinavir/ritonavir after admission compared to patients with normal liver function (31.3%). Patients with abnormal liver function had longer mean hospital stays (15.09±4.79 days) than patients with normal liver function (12.76±4.14 days) (P=.021). Conclusions More than one third of patients admitted to the hospital with SARS-CoV-2 infection have abnormal liver function, and this is associated with longer hospital stay. A significantly higher proportion of patients with abnormal liver function had received lopinavir/ritonavir after admission; these drugs should be given with caution.
JO  - Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2020.04.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1542356520304821
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Progress and prospect on imaging diagnosis of COVID-19
AU  - Fan, L.
AU  - Li, D.
AU  - Xue, H.
AU  - Zhang, L.
AU  - Liu, Z.
AU  - Zhang, B.
AU  - Yang, W.
AU  - Xie, B.
AU  - Duan, X.
AU  - Hu, X.
AU  - Cheng, K.
AU  - Peng, L.
AU  - Yu, N.
AU  - Song, L.
AU  - Chen, H.
AU  - Sui, X.
AU  - Zheng, N.
AU  - Liu, S.
AU  - Jin, Z.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 has become a public health emergency due to its rapid transmission. The appearance of pneumonia is one of the major clues for the diagnosis, progress and therapeutic evaluation. More and more literatures about imaging manifestations and related research have been reported. In order to know about the progress and prospective on imaging of COVID-19, this review focus on interpreting the CT findings, stating the potential pathological basis, proposing the challenge of patients with underlying diseases, differentiating with other diseases and suggesting the future research and clinical directions, which would be helpful for the radiologists in the clinical practice and research.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Academic Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 3
IS  - 1
PG  - 4-13
SP  - 4
EP  - 13
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s42058-020-00031-5
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2004556683 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42058-020-00031-5
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Relationship between the Migrant Population’s Migration Network and the Risk of COVID-19 Transmission in China—Empirical Analysis and Prediction in Prefecture-Level Cities
AU  - Fan, Chenjing
AU  - Cai, Tianmin
AU  - Gai, Zhenyu
AU  - Wu, Yuerong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>The outbreak of COVID-19 in China has attracted wide attention from all over the world. The impact of COVID-19 has been significant, raising concerns regarding public health risks in China and worldwide. Migration may be the primary reason for the long-distance transmission of the disease. In this study, the following analyses were performed. (1) Using the data from the China migrant population survey in 2017 (Sample size = 432,907), a matrix of the residence–birthplace (R-B matrix) of migrant populations is constructed. The matrix was used to analyze the confirmed cases of COVID-19 at Prefecture-level Cities from February 1–15, 2020 after the outbreak in Wuhan, by calculating the probability of influx or outflow migration. We obtain a satisfactory regression analysis result (R2 = 0.826–0.887, N = 330). (2) We use this R-B matrix to simulate an outbreak scenario in 22 immigrant cities in China, and propose risk prevention measures after the outbreak. If similar scenarios occur in the cities of Wenzhou, Guangzhou, Dongguan, or Shenzhen, the disease transmission will be wider. (3) We also use a matrix to determine that cities in Henan province, Anhui province, and Municipalities (such as Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Chongqing) in China will have a high risk level of disease carriers after a similar emerging epidemic outbreak scenario due to a high influx or outflow of migrant populations.</p>
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 17
IS  - 8
PG  - 2630-2630
SP  - 2630
EP  - 2630
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/ijerph17082630
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/8/2630
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Triage strategy for suspected cases of COVID-19 with increasing numbers of patients
AU  - Dommasch, M.
AU  - Spinner, C. D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Notfall und Rettungsmedizin
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s10049-020-00700-z
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2004568717 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10049-020-00700-z
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Why am I, as a Geriatric Medicine Fellow with Symptoms, Unable to Get Tested for COVID-19 While Politicians, Oil Executives, and NBA Players Are?
AU  - Dixon, Joseph
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jgs.16487
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Technologies and requirements of protection and disinfection in key places during COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Disinfection, Covid-Emergency Response Key Places Protection and
AU  - Technology Team, Chinese Center for Disease Control
AU  - Prevention
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 a new respiratory infectious disease, has become an important public health problem. Inappropriate protection and disinfection measures are potential risk factors of transmission and outbreak of COVID-19 in key places. This theme issue is concerned with the prevention and control of COVID-19. Comprehensive measures and suggestions for protection and disinfection are put forward from perspectives of functional areas in key places, such as hotels, mobile cabin hospitals, passenger transport stations and public transport facilities, environment and facilities, personal protection, operation management system, etc., so as to provide technical support for the prevention and control of new respiratory infectious diseases. 以新型冠状病毒肺炎为代表的新发呼吸道传染病传播与流行成为一个重要的公共卫生问题。重点场所防护和消毒措施不当是新型冠状病毒肺炎传播和流行的潜在风险 因素。本期重点号以新型冠状病毒肺炎防控为着眼点，从宾馆、方舱医院、客运场站和公共交通工具等重点场所功能分区、环境与设施、个人防护、运行管理制度等 多方面、多角度提出防护与消毒的综合措施与建议，期望为新发呼吸道传染病防控提供技术支持。.
JO  - Zhonghua yu fang yi xue za zhi [Chinese journal of preventive medicine]
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 4
PG  - 340-341
SP  - 340
EP  - 341
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20200217-00131
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Technical guideline for disinfection of wastewater and wastes of medical organizations during COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Disinfection, Covid-Emergency Response Key Places Protection and
AU  - Technology Team, Chinese Center for Disease Control
AU  - Prevention
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This technical guideline is applicable to disinfection of wastewater and wastes of medical organizations during COVID-19 outbreak. The purpose of the guideline is to eliminate various pathogenic bacteria, fungi, and viruses, effectively block the virus transmission pathways, and guide medical organizations to carry out the prevention and control of COVID-19. 本技术指南从消毒工艺、消毒效果评价和排放要求三个方面进一步提升了医疗机构污水和污物消毒的技术要求，适用于新冠肺炎疫情期间综合性医院、病例定点医院 、医学观察区污水和污物的卫生管理。.
JO  - Zhonghua yu fang yi xue za zhi [Chinese journal of preventive medicine]
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 4
PG  - 353-356
SP  - 353
EP  - 356
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20200217-00125
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Health protection guideline of schools and other educational institutions during COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Disinfection, Covid-Emergency Response Key Places Protection and
AU  - Technology Team, Chinese Center for Disease Control
AU  - Prevention
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This guideline stipulates the management requirements, on-site hygiene operation, personal protection and comprehensive security of schools and other educational institutions. It is applicable to the unified standard prevention and control of schools and other educational institutions during COVID-19 outbreak. 本指南规定了各级教育机构的管理要求、场所卫生操作及个人防护，适用于新型冠状病毒肺炎期间这类场所的统一规范防控。.
JO  - Zhonghua yu fang yi xue za zhi [Chinese journal of preventive medicine]
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 4
PG  - 348-350
SP  - 348
EP  - 350
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20200217-00123
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Health protection guideline of passenger transport stations and transportation facilities during COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Disinfection, Covid-Emergency Response Key Places Protection and
AU  - Technology Team, Chinese Center for Disease Control
AU  - Prevention
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - During COVID-19 outbreak, the transportation industries are faced with the more burdensome tasks of outbreak prevention and control as well as ensuring smooth transportation. It is important to organize transportation in order to restore the order of production and life, ensure the normal economic and social operation, and control the outbreak in the whole society. From the perspective of health, this guideline puts forward technical requirements on the operation management, personnel requirements and health protection of passenger transportation places such as aviation, railway, subway, bus, taxi, ship, etc., which reduces the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on the transportation industry and personal health risks. 在新型冠状病毒肺炎流行期间，交通运输行业面临的疫情防控和保通保畅运工作任务更加繁重，有序做好返程人员运输组织工作对恢复生产生活秩序、保障经济社会 正常运转以及做好全社会疫情防控工作均具有十分重要的意义。本指南从卫生健康角度对客运场所及航空、铁路、地铁、公交、长途车、出租车、船舶等交通运输工 具的运行管理、人员要求及卫生防护等方面提出了技术要求，降低新型冠状病毒肺炎流行对交通运输行业的影响和人员的健康风险。.
JO  - Zhonghua yu fang yi xue za zhi [Chinese journal of preventive medicine]
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 4
PG  - 359-361
SP  - 359
EP  - 361
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20200217-00130
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Health protection guideline of mobile cabin hospitals during COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Disinfection, Covid-Emergency Response Key Places Protection and
AU  - Technology Team, Chinese Center for Disease Control
AU  - Prevention
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This guideline is applicable to the health protection requirements of large indoor stadiums which are reconstructed as treatment sites for COVID-19 patients with mild symptoms during the outbreak. Focusing on the health emergency scenario of severe virus infectious diseases and atypical places where COVID-19 patients with mild symptom gather, from perspectives of functional zones, hygiene facilities, personal protection, and management system, health risk protection recommendations and countermeasures are comprehensively proposed to mainly protect staffs and surrounding environment. The implementation of this guideline will provide technique support for emergency requirements of indoor stadiums reconstructed as mobile cabin hospitals. 本指南适用于新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间，大型室内体育场馆改造为新型冠状病毒肺炎轻症患者的治疗场所的卫生防护要求。围绕重大病毒性传染病卫生应急情景， 针对新型冠状病毒肺炎轻症患者聚集的非典型场所，以工作人员和周边环境为主要保护对象，从功能分区、卫生设施、个人防护、管理制度等方面提出综合性的健康 风险防护建议及应对措施。本指南的实施将为室内体育场改建为方舱医院的应急需求提供技术支持。.
JO  - Zhonghua yu fang yi xue za zhi [Chinese journal of preventive medicine]
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 4
PG  - 357-359
SP  - 357
EP  - 359
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20200217-00121
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Health protection guideline of hotels reconstructed as isolation places for close contacts during COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Disinfection, Covid-Emergency Response Key Places Protection and
AU  - Technology Team, Chinese Center for Disease Control
AU  - Prevention
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This guideline stipulates the health protection requirements for hotels reconstructed as isolation places for close contacts during COVID-19 outbreak, including requirements for hotels, personal health protection, and management. It is applicable to hotels reconstructed as isolation places for close contacts, such as general hotels, conference center, sanitariums, etc. 本指南规定了新型冠状病毒肺炎流行期间密切接触者隔离宾馆的卫生防护要求，包括场所要求、个人卫生防护和管理要求，适用于改造为密切接触者隔离场所的宾馆 ，包括宾馆饭店、培训中心、疗养院等。.
JO  - Zhonghua yu fang yi xue za zhi [Chinese journal of preventive medicine]
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 4
PG  - 351-353
SP  - 351
EP  - 353
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20200217-00124
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Health protection guideline of enterprises during COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Disinfection, Covid-Emergency Response Key Places Protection and
AU  - Technology Team, Chinese Center for Disease Control
AU  - Prevention
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This guideline is applicable to the disinfection and personal protection measures for enterprise employees from perspetives of taking the commuter shuttles, having meals, and office life during COVID-19 outbreak. 本指南适用于新型冠状病毒肺炎期间，针对企业员工乘坐通勤班车、进餐、办公生活等环节开展的消毒和个人防护措施。.
JO  - Zhonghua yu fang yi xue za zhi [Chinese journal of preventive medicine]
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 4
PG  - 346-348
SP  - 346
EP  - 348
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20200217-00122
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Health protection guideline of conference designated hotel during COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Disinfection, Covid-Emergency Response Key Places Protection and
AU  - Technology Team, Chinese Center for Disease Control
AU  - Prevention
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This guideline stipulates the management requirements, personal protection and comprehensive security of conference designated hotels. It is applicable to the unified standard prevention and control of conference designated hotels during COVID-19 outbreak. 本指南规定了会议定点宾馆的管理要求、个人防护及综合保障，适用于新型冠状病毒肺炎期间，会议定点宾馆的统一规范防控。.
JO  - Zhonghua yu fang yi xue za zhi [Chinese journal of preventive medicine]
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 4
PG  - 342-344
SP  - 342
EP  - 344
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20200217-00127
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Disinfection guideline of public transport during COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Disinfection, Covid-Emergency Response Key Places Protection and
AU  - Technology Team, Chinese Center for Disease Control
AU  - Prevention
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This guideline is applicable to the infection prevention and control of staffs and travelers on public transport during COVID-19 outbreak. 本指南适用于新型冠状病毒肺炎期间，正常运行的公共交通工具上工作人员和旅行人员的感染防控。.
JO  - Zhonghua yu fang yi xue za zhi [Chinese journal of preventive medicine]
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 4
PG  - 344-346
SP  - 344
EP  - 346
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20200217-00129
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Analysis of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) based on SARS autopsy
AU  - Ding, Y. Q.
AU  - Bian, X. W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 国际病毒分类委员会的冠状病毒研究小组通过系统进化分析，认为新型冠状病毒是SARS冠状病毒（SARS-CoV）的姊妹病毒，同属于SARS相关冠状病 毒（SARSr-CoV），将新型冠状病毒命名为"SARS-CoV-2"，同时，世界卫生组织也将"新型冠状病毒肺炎"重新命名为冠状病毒病-19（C OVID-19），我们分析其病理变化及发病机制可能与SARS有相似之处。因此，根据我们的4例SARS尸体解剖发现及研究结果对COVID-19的病 理变化及其发病机制等问题进行初步探讨，供病理及临床工作者参考。.
JO  - Zhonghua bing li xue za zhi = Chinese journal of pathology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 49
IS  - 4
PG  - 291-293
SP  - 291
EP  - 293
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20200211-00114
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Biologics for psoriasis during COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Di Lernia, Vito
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2020.04.004
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0190962220305430
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recommandations de la Société Française de Médecine du Travail (SFMT): Avis relatif à l’affectation, dans le contexte de l’épidémie SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19), des professionnels exerçant en milieu de soins et travailleurs assimilés, présentant des maladies in
AU  - Dewitte, Jean-Dominique
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Archives des Maladies Professionnelles et de l'Environnement
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.admp.2020.04.008
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1775878520309693
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: hommage aux combattants, à leur service de santé et leurs stratèges
AU  - Descatha, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Archives des Maladies Professionnelles et de l'Environnement
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.admp.2020.04.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1775878520309632
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and Shock: A Cautionary Tale for Elderly Patients from a Pooled Analysis
AU  - Desai, Rupak
AU  - Singh, Sandeep
AU  - Parekh, Tarang
AU  - Sachdeva, Sonali
AU  - Kumar, Lekshmi
AU  - Sachdeva, Rajesh
AU  - Kumar, Gautam
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2020.04.014
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S019606442030264X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Food Safety and COVID-19
AU  - Desai, Angel N.
AU  - Aronoff, David M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.5877
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recommendations on dermatologic surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Der Sarkissian, Samuel Antranig
AU  - Kim, Leo
AU  - Veness, Michael
AU  - Yiasemides, Eleni
AU  - Sebaratnam, Deshan Frank
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2020.04.034
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0190962220306101
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Feto-placental surgeries during the covid-19 pandemic: starting the discussion
AU  - Deprest, Jan
AU  - Van Ranst, Marc
AU  - Lannoo, Lore
AU  - Bredaki, Emma
AU  - Ryan, Greg
AU  - David, Anna
AU  - Richter, Jute
AU  - Van Mieghem, Tim
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Even though the global COVID-19 pandemic may affect how medical care is delivered in general, most countries try to maintain steady access for women to routine pregnancy care, including fetal anomaly screening. This means that, also during this pandemic, fetal anomalies will be detected, and that discussions regarding invasive genetic testing and possibly fetal therapy will need to take place. For patients, concerns about Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Corona Virus 2 (SARS-CoV2) will add to the anxiety caused by the diagnosis of a serious fetal anomaly, and for fetal medicine teams the situation gets more complex. Yet also for fetal medicine teams the situation gets more complex as they must weigh up the risks and benefits to the fetus as well as the mother, while managing a changing evidence base and logistic challenges in their healthcare system. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Prenatal diagnosis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/pd.5702
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and Lessons to be Learned from Prior Coronavirus Outbreaks
AU  - Deming, Meagan E.
AU  - Chen, Wilbur H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of the American Thoracic Society
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1513/AnnalsATS.202002-149PS
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Italian Outbreak of COVID-19: Conditions, Contributors, and Concerns
AU  - Del Buono, Marco Giuseppe
AU  - Iannaccone, Giulia
AU  - Camilli, Massimiliano
AU  - Del Buono, Romualdo
AU  - Aspromonte, Nadia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Mayo Clinic Proceedings
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mayocp.2020.04.003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025619620303621
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A View from Trainees on the Frontline
AU  - DeFilippis, Ersilia M.
AU  - Ranard, Lauren S.
AU  - Berg, David D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Circulation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.047260
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and the liver: the perils of non-peer reviewed science in times of a pandemic
AU  - Debes, Jose D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Gastroenterology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2020.04.007
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016508520304704
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Initiating adjunct low dose-hydroxyurea therapy for stroke prevention in children with SCA during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - DeBaun, Michael R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Blood
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1182/blood.2020005992
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: TIMING IS IMPORTANT
AU  - de Simone, Giovanni
AU  - Mancusi, Costantino
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Journal of Internal Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejim.2020.04.019
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0953620520301333
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Rapid and Severe Covid-19 Pneumonia with Severe Acute Chest Syndrome in a Sickle Cell Patient Successfully Treated with Tocilizumab
AU  - De Luna, Gonzalo
AU  - Habibi, Anoosha
AU  - Deux, Jean François
AU  - Colard, Martin
AU  - d'Alexandry d'Orengiani, Anne Laure Pham Hung
AU  - Schlemmer, Frédéric
AU  - Joher, Nizar
AU  - Kassasseya, Christian
AU  - Pawlotsky, Jean Michel
AU  - Ourghanlian, Clément
AU  - Michel, Marc
AU  - Mekontso-Dessap, Armand
AU  - Bartolucci, Pablo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - American Journal of Hematology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/ajh.25833
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/ajh.25833
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - What are the factors influencing the COVID-19 outbreak in Latin America?
AU  - de Freitas e Silva, Rafael
AU  - Pitzurra, Raffaela
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101667-101667
SP  - 101667
EP  - 101667
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101667
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893920301356
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Weathering the pandemic: How the Caribbean Basin can use viral and environmental patterns to predict, prepare and respond to COVID-19
AU  - de Ángel Solá, David E.
AU  - Wang, Leyao
AU  - Vázquez, Marietta
AU  - Méndez Lázaro, Pablo A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The 2020 coronavirus pandemic is developing at different paces throughout the world. Some areas, like the Caribbean Basin, have yet to see the virus strike at full force. When it does, there is reasonable evidence to suggest the consequent COVID-19 outbreaks will overwhelm healthcare systems and economies. This is particularly concerning in the Caribbean as pandemics can have disproportionately higher mortality impacts on lower and middle income countries. Preliminary observations from our team and others suggest that temperature and climatological factors could influence the spread of this novel coronavirus, making spatiotemporal predictions of its infectiousness possible. This review studies geographic and time-based distribution of known respiratory viruses in the Caribbean Basin in an attempt to foresee how the pandemic will develop in this region. This review is meant to aid in planning short- and long-term interventions to manage outbreaks at the international, national and sub-national levels in the region. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25864
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - We urgently need guidelines for managing COVID-19 in children with comorbidities
AU  - Dayal, Devi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - I read with great interest the systematic review by Ludvigsson on the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (1). The author needs to be complimented for a well-timed, rigorous and rapid synthesis of the evidence from the rather scant data available on how the virus affects children. The review, which focused on all papers published up to 19 March, drew important conclusions that have significant practical implications for those involved in providing acute care for children suffering from this disease.
JO  - Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/apa.15304
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Nursing homes and COVID-19: we can and should do better
AU  - Davidson, Patricia M.
AU  - Szanton, Sarah L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 pandemic is providing us with many painful lessons particularly the vulnerability of individuals living with chronic conditions and the need for preparedness, coordination, and monitoring. Long-term care facilities, including nursing homes, skilled nursing facilities, and assisted living facilities, provide care for some of the most vulnerable populations in society, including older people and those with chronic medical conditions. In the United Kingdom, there are about 17,000 people living in nursing and residential care homes and 200,000 Australians live or stay in residential aged care on any given day.
JO  - Journal of clinical nursing
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jocn.15297
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Thalidomide against coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19): A medicine with a thousand faces
AU  - Dastan, F.
AU  - Tabarsi, P.
AU  - Marjani, M.
AU  - Moniri, A.
AU  - Hashemian, S. M.
AU  - Tavakoli-Ardakani, M.
AU  - Saffaei, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 19
IS  - 1
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.22037/ijpr.2020.113369.14259
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2004100430 http://dx.doi.org/10.22037/ijpr.2020.113369.14259
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical considerations for patients with diabetes in times of COVID-19 epidemic
AU  - Hussain, Akhtar
AU  - Cristina do Vale Moreira, Nayla
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.04.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1871402120300618
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and Diabetes: Knowledge in Progress
AU  - Hussain, Akhtar
AU  - Bhowmik, Bishwajit
AU  - Cristina do Vale Moreira, Nayla
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - AIMS: We aimed to briefly review the general characteristics of the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) and provide a better understanding of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in people with diabetes, and its management. METHODS: We searched for articles in PubMed and Google Scholar databases till 02 April 2020, with the following keywords: "SARS-CoV-2", "COVID-19", "infection", "pathogenesis", "incubation period", "transmission", "clinical features", "diagnosis", "treatment", "diabetes", with interposition of the Boolean operator "AND". RESULTS: The clinical spectrum of COVID-19 is heterogeneous, ranging from mild flu-like symptoms to acute respiratory distress syndrome, multiple organ failure and death. Older age, diabetes and other comorbidities are reported as significant predictors of morbidity and mortality. Chronic inflammation, increased coagulation activity, immune response impairment, and potential direct pancreatic damage by SARS-CoV-2 might be among the underlying mechanisms of the association between diabetes and COVID-19. No conclusive evidence exists to support the discontinuation of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) or angiotensin receptor blockers because of COVID-19 in people with diabetes. Caution should be taken to potential hypoglycemic events with the use of chloroquine in these subjects. Patient tailored therapeutic strategies, rigorous glucose monitoring and careful consideration of drug interactions might reduce adverse outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Suggestions are made on the possible pathological mechanisms of the relationship between diabetes and COVID-19, and its management. No definite conclusions can be made based on current limited evidence. Further research regarding this relationship and its clinical management is warranted.
JO  - Diabetes research and clinical practice
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 108142-108142
SP  - 108142
EP  - 108142
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108142
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Rapid Implementation of Inpatient Telepalliative Medicine Consultations during COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Humphreys, Jessi
AU  - Schoenherr, Laura
AU  - Elia, Giovanni
AU  - Saks, Naomi Tzril
AU  - Brown, Chelsea
AU  - Barbour, Susan
AU  - Pantilat, Steven Z.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As COVID-19 cases increase throughout the country and healthcare systems grapple with the need to decrease provider exposure and minimize personal protective equipment (PPE) use while maintaining high quality patient care, our specialty is called upon to consider new methods of delivering inpatient palliative care. Telepalliative medicine has been used to great effect in outpatient and home-based palliative care, but has had fewer applications in the inpatient setting. As we plan for decreased provider availability due to quarantine and redeployment and seek to reach increasingly isolated hospitalized patients in the face of COVID-19, the need for telepalliative medicine in the inpatient setting is now clear. We describe our rapid and ongoing implementation of telepalliative medicine consultation for our inpatient palliative care teams and discuss lessons learned and recommendations for programs considering similar care models.
JO  - Journal of Pain and Symptom Management
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0885392420301950
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Generalized anxiety disorder, depressive symptoms and sleep quality during COVID-19 outbreak in China: a web-based cross-sectional survey
AU  - Huang, Yeen
AU  - Zhao, Ning
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - China has been severely affected by Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-19) since December, 2019. We aimed to assess the mental health burden of Chinese public during the outbreak, and to explore the potential influence factors. Using a web-based cross-sectional survey, we collected data from 7,236 self-selected volunteers assessed with demographic information, COVID-19 related knowledge, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), depressive symptoms, and sleep quality. The overall prevalence of GAD, depressive symptoms, and sleep quality of the public were 35.1%, 20.1%, and 18.2%, respectively. Young people reported a significantly higher prevalence of GAD and depressive symptoms than older people. Compared with other occupational group, healthcare workers were more likely to have poor sleep quality. Multivariate logistic regression showed that age (< 35 years) and time spent focusing on the COVID-19 (≥ 3 hours per day) were associated with GAD, and healthcare workers were at high risk for poor sleep quality. Our study identified a major mental health burden of the public during the COVID-19 outbreak. Young people, people spending too much time thinking about the outbreak, and healthcare workers were at high risk of mental illness. Continuous surveillance of the psychological consequences for outbreaks should become routine as part of preparedness efforts worldwide.
JO  - Psychiatry Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 112954-112954
SP  - 112954
EP  - 112954
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112954
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165178120306077
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Application and effects of fever screening system in the prevention of nosocomial infection in the only designated hospital of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Shenzhen, China
AU  - Huang, Ting
AU  - Guo, Yinsheng
AU  - Li, Shaxi
AU  - Zheng, Yanqun
AU  - Lei, Lin
AU  - Zeng, Xianhu
AU  - Zhong, Qiao
AU  - Liu, Yingxia
AU  - Liu, Lei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In order to avoid the cross infection of patients in the process of outpatient treatment, the hospital department strictly controls the entrance and exit of outpatient area. Only the entrance of outpatient hall and emergency hall are reserved at the entrance and exit. All patients need to go through the "three passes". The first pass: the pre-examination and triage pass. Doctors and nurses take temperature measurements and do triage work for each patient in this pass. The epidemiological history and clinical symptoms of the patients have been carefully inquired by the triage personnel. Each fever patient was issued surgical masks and detailly registered for traceability. According to the specific content of the questionnaire, the two-dimensional code is set as "red", "yellow" and "green". The red code is sent to the fever clinic by a special person according to the designated route. The yellow code is sent to the follow-up clinic after the discharge of COVID-19. The green code enters the outpatient hall. The second pass: a special triage pass. The patient must show the two-dimensional code at this special triage. The triage nurse takes the patient's temperature again and asks about the epidemiological history orally. Third, in the consulting room, the doctor signs the "notification of epidemiological history" of the patient after inquiring about the medical history.
JO  - Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-10
SP  - 1
EP  - 10
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/ice.2020.119
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/application-and-effects-of-fever-screening-system-in-the-prevention-of-nosocomial-infection-in-the-only-designated-hospital-of-coronavirus-disease-2019-covid19-in-shenzhen-china/FF9E9EB12CD90D188DE441D32326D227
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Rapid asymptomatic transmission of COVID-19 during the incubation period demonstrating strong infectivity in a cluster of youngsters aged 16-23 years outside Wuhan and characteristics of young patients with COVID-19: a prospective contact-tracing study
AU  - Huang, Lei
AU  - Zhang, Xiuwen
AU  - Zhang, Xinyue
AU  - Wei, Zhijian
AU  - Zhang, Lingli
AU  - Xu, Jingjing
AU  - Liang, Peipei
AU  - Xu, Prof Yuanhong
AU  - Zhang, Chengyuan
AU  - Xu, Prof Aman
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - BackgroundThe outbreak of coronavirus-disease-2019 (COVID-19) has rapidly spread to many places outside Wuhan. Previous studies on COVID-19 mostly included older hospitalized-adults. Little information on infectivity among and characteristics of youngsters with COVID-19 is available.
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.006
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.006
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Fatal outcome in a liver transplant recipient with COVID-19
AU  - Huang, Jiao-Feng
AU  - Zheng, Kenneth I.
AU  - George, Jacob
AU  - Gao, Hai-Nv
AU  - Wei, Ru-Nan
AU  - Yan, Hua-Dong
AU  - Zheng, Ming-Hua
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Liver injury is common in patients with COVID-19, but little is known about its clinical presentation and severity in the context of liver transplantation. We describe a case of COVID-19 in a patient who had transplantation three years previously for hepatocellular carcinoma. The patient came to clinic with symptoms of respiratory disease; pharyngeal swabs for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 were positive. His disease progressed rapidly from mild to critical illness and was complicated by several nosocomial infections and multi-organ failure. Despite multiple invasive procedures and rescue therapies, he succumbed to the disease. The management of COVID-19 in the post-transplant setting presents complex challenges emphasizing the importance of strict prevention strategies.
JO  - American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/ajt.15909
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How to prevent outbreak of a hospital-affiliated dementia day-care facility in the pandemic COVID-19 infection in Taiwan
AU  - Huang, Hsuan-Ti
AU  - Chen, Tun-Chieh
AU  - Liu, Tzu-Yin
AU  - Chiu, Chun-Feng
AU  - Hsieh, Wen-Chien
AU  - Yang, Chih-Jen
AU  - Chen, Yen-Hsu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2020.04.007
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1684118220301018
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pharmacy Administration and Pharmaceutical Care Practice in a Module Hospital during the COVID-19 Epidemic
AU  - Hua, XiaoLi
AU  - Gu, Ming
AU  - Zeng, Fang
AU  - Hu, Huiping
AU  - Zhou, Tao
AU  - Zhang, Yu
AU  - Shi, Chen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To describe the pharmacy administration and pharmaceutical care in a module hospital during COVID-19 epidemic and provide reference for domestic and foreign pharmacists participating in the epidemic prevention and control. Design The new COVID-19 “module” pharmaceutical care model was equipped with new features such as pharmacy emergency command group, organizational structure for pharmacy administration, electronic control of drug prescription, and “zero contact” pharmaceutical care relying on the new media platform “WeChat”. This platform provided relevant pharmaceutical care for patients, such as ensuring drug supply, setting up critical care drug trolleys, designing specific drug packaging bags, creating a module radio station to broadcast rational drug use information to the patients, and other aspects. Setting and participants The study was performed in Jianghan module hospital constructed at the Wuhan Convention and Exhibition Center in Wuhan, China. This is one of the first three module hospitals. Outcome measures Pharmacists successfully completed the tasks of purchase, storage, and free distribution of 1033844.3 RMB worth of drugs (about $146,000 US dollars), reviewed about 20,000 electronic orders, provided one-on-one online medication consultation for 484 patients, and held five lectures on rational drug use knowledge, which could help reduce irrational drug use and minimize the risk involved. Results The pharmacists provided pharmaceutical care for 1848 patients with mild COVID-19 disease. They not only ensured the timely supply of the drugs but also reduced the incidence of drug-induced risks through medication review and guidance, thereby improving patient compliance and helping the patients rebuild their confidence in overcoming the disease. Conclusion The new COVID-19 “module” pharmaceutical care model has played an important role in overcoming the epidemic situation of COVID-19 in China and thus can be implemented on a broader scale.
JO  - Journal of the American Pharmacists Association
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japh.2020.04.006
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1544319120301539
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Experiences of practicing surgical neuro-oncology during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Hu, Yuan-Jun
AU  - Zhang, Jian-min
AU  - Chen, Zhong-ping
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Neuro-Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11060-020-03489-6
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11060-020-03489-6
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Body Temperature Measurement to Prevent Pandemic COVID-19 in Hospitals in Taiwan: Repeated Measurement is Necessary
AU  - Hsiao, Shih-Huai
AU  - Chen, Tun-Chieh
AU  - Chien, Hui-Chin
AU  - Yang, Chih-Jen
AU  - Chen, Yen-Hsu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of hospital infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jhin.2020.04.004
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Taipei Azalea – Supraglottic airways (SGA) preassembled with high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters to simplify prehospital airway management for patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCA) during Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pande
AU  - Hou, Sheng-Wen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Resuscitation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2020.03.021
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0300957220301350
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Will COVID-19 become the next neglected tropical disease?
AU  - Hotez, Peter J.
AU  - Bottazzi, Maria E.
AU  - Singh, Sunit K.
AU  - Brindley, Paul J.
AU  - Kamhawi, Shaden
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - PLoS neglected tropical diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 14
IS  - 4
PG  - e0008271-e0008271
SP  - e0008271
EP  - e0008271
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008271
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Offline: COVID-19&#x2014;bewilderment and candour
AU  - Horton, Richard
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - “This disease is unlike anything I have seen before. If you end up on ICU, you are potentially in real trouble. I have never seen anything like it before.” These words were written by one intensive care physician working at a London teaching hospital. As deaths accumulate, the early message that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 causes mostly a mild illness has been shown to be dangerously false. One in five patients develop complications and are at grave risk. A further misunderstanding concerns age.
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10231
PG  - 1178-1178
SP  - 1178
EP  - 1178
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30850-3
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30850-3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Presentation of new onset anosmia during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Hopkins, C.
AU  - Surda, P.
AU  - Kumar, N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - INTRODUCTION: Anosmia has not been formally recognised as a symptom of COVID-19 infection. Growing anecdotal evidence suggests increasing incidence of cases of anosmia during the current pandemic, suggesting that COVID-19 may cause olfactory dysfunction. The objective was to characterise patients reporting new onset anosmia during the COVID-19 pandemic METHODOLOGY: Design: Survey of 2428 patients reporting new onset anosmia during the COVID-19 pandemic. SETTING: Volunteer sample of patients seeking medical advice of recent onset self-diagnosed loss of sense of smell RESULTS: 2428 surveys were completed within 7 days; 64% respondents were under 40. The majority of respondents reported onset of their anosmia in the last week. Of the cohort, 17% did not report any other symptom thought to be associated with COVID-19. In patients who reported other symptoms, 51% reported either cough or fever and therefore met current guidelines for self-isolation. CONCLUSIONS: Anosmia is reported in conjunction with well-reported symptoms of coronas virus, but 1 in 6 patients with recent onset anosmia report this as an isolated symptom. This might help identify otherwise asymptomatic carriers of disease and trigger targeted testing. Further study with COVID-19 testing is required to identify the proportion of patients in whom new onset anosmia can be attributed to COVID-19.
JO  - Rhinology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4193/Rhin20.116
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chest Computed Tomography for Detection of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Don't Rush the Science
AU  - Hope, Michael D.
AU  - Raptis, Constantine A.
AU  - Henry, Travis S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of internal medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7326/M20-1382
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32267912
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Generalizability of COVID-19 Clinical Prediction Models
AU  - Hooli, Shubhada
AU  - King, Carina
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa417
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32271865
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The role of growth factor receptors in viral infections: An opportunity for drug repurposing against emerging viral diseases such as COVID-19?
AU  - Hondermarck, Hubert
AU  - Bartlett, Nathan W.
AU  - Nurcombe, Victor
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Growth factor receptors are known to be involved in the process of viral infection. Many viruses not only use growth factor receptors to physically attach to the cell surface and internalize, but also divert receptor tyrosine kinase signaling in order to replicate. Thus, repurposing drugs that have initially been developed to target growth factor receptors and their signaling in cancer may prove to be a fast track to effective therapies against emerging new viral infections, including the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19).
JO  - FASEB BioAdvances
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1096/fba.2020-00015
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1096/fba.2020-00015
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus 101
AU  - Holstein, Barbara
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-2019 emerged from China in late December. It follows two other coronavirus outbreaks, the SARS-CoV and the MERS-CoV. Coronaviruses usually circulate among animals but sometimes can jump to humans. These three strains have caused severe disease in humans and global transmission concerns. Symptoms of COVID-2019 include cough, fever, and shortness of breath. Related illnesses can range from mild to severe to fatal. Primary care providers must be alert to respiratory symptoms they encounter that are associated with pertinent travel history, be prepared to safely screen, examine and possibly test and/or report suspicions to the health department for further evaluation.
JO  - The Journal for Nurse Practitioners
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nurpra.2020.03.021
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1555415520301811
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Broken jaws in the COVID era
AU  - Holmes, S.
AU  - Hutchison, I.
AU  - Chatzopoulou, D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - One significant finding about the virus' behaviour is that health professionals, notably those working in ITU, dentistry, oral and maxillofacial surgery, ophthalmology and ENT, are particularly susceptible to severe infections which, in combination with a lack of protective equipment, reduces the active NHS workforce. This knowledge has been synthesised into position statements on NHS staff protection and working practice in the time of COVID-19. The British Oral and Maxillofacial (BAOMS) and oral surgeons (BAOS) have produced didactic guidance about risk and protection (https://www.baoms.org.uk).
JO  - British Dental Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 228
IS  - 7
PG  - 488-488
SP  - 488
EP  - 488
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41415-020-1486-x
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41415-020-1486-x
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Toward a consensus view in the management of acute facial injuries during the Covid-19 pandemic
AU  - Holmes, Simon
AU  - Bhatti, Nabeel
AU  - Bhandari, Rishi
AU  - Chatzopoulou, Dominiki
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In unprecedented times OMFS surgeons are faced with dilemmas over treatment priority, safety of staff, safety of patients and the most appropriate use of available resource. Efforts should be made to provide best evidence based care, this will mean revisiting old techniques, and risk stratifying patients on a case by case basis. Recent experience from colleagues internationally has shown that even the wealthiest health care infrastructure is at best fragile. We hope this paper will add to the debate and hopefully provide a framework to decision making in OMFS trauma care during this difficult time.
JO  - British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjoms.2020.03.024
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0266435620301285
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Tip of the Spear: An Interview with the Washington State Nursing Care Quality Assurance Commission at the onset of the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Hoffman, Bryan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Teaching and Learning in Nursing
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.teln.2020.04.005
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1557308720300457
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Addressing COVID-19 Drug Development with Artificial Intelligence
AU  - Ho, Dean
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The emergence of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that led to the COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019) pandemic has resulted in substantial overburdening of healthcare systems as well as an economic crisis on a global scale. This has in turn resulted in widespread efforts to identify suitable therapies to address this aggressive pathogen. Therapeutic antibody and vaccine development are being actively explored, and a Phase I clinical trial of mRNA-1273 which was developed in collaboration between the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases and Moderna, Inc. is currently underway. Artificial intelligence (AI) is also being applied for novel small molecule discovery. Estimated timelines for the broad deployment of a vaccine have been estimated to be 12-18 months or longer. Accelerated small molecule and antibody discovery may also lead to deployment of approved treatments on the several months to year-long timeframe. All of these are promising approaches that may lead to sustained efficacy in treating COVID-19. However, its emergence has also necessitated a rapid response that has led to a large number of clinical trials evaluating drug combinations comprised of repurposed therapies. While initial study readouts have resulted in limited successes and downstream successes may be on the horizon, harnessing AI to optimize drug repurposing and combination therapy design may lead to the rapid identification of regimens that mediate unexpected and markedly enhanced treatment outcomes. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Advanced Intelligent Systems
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 2000070-2000070
SP  - 2000070
EP  - 2000070
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/aisy.202000070
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/aisy.202000070
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID 19: Impact of Lock-down on Mental Health and Tips to Overcome
AU  - Hiremath, Pavan
AU  - Suhas Kowshik, C. S.
AU  - Manjunath, Maitri
AU  - Shettar, Manjunath
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Asian Journal of Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 102088-102088
SP  - 102088
EP  - 102088
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102088
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876201820301994
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: a new virus, but an old cytokine release syndrome
AU  - Hirano, Toshio
AU  - Murakami, Masaaki
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Understanding the cell entry mechanism of pandemic coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is crucial for treating the disease. Zhou et al. (Nature) and Hoffmann et al. (Cell) identify ACE2 as a SARS-CoV-2 receptor, and the latter show its entry mechanism depends on cellular serine protease TMPRSS2. These results suggest several possible therapeutic targets, including the IL-6-STAT3 axis previously associated with cytokine release syndromes.
JO  - Cell Press
PB  - 
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VL  - 
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DO  - 
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Delayed Initiation of Remdesivir in a COVID-19 Positive Patient
AU  - Hillaker, Emily
AU  - Belfer, Julie J.
AU  - Bondici, Anamaria
AU  - Murad, Hani
AU  - Dumkow, Lisa E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A case of late initiation of remdesivir antiviral therapy in the successful treatment of a patient with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in a mixed medical ICU of a community teaching hospital is presented. A previously healthy 40 year-old male was admitted to the hospital three days after the onset of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) symptoms, including dry cough, fever, and shortness of breath progressing to intubation and increased mechanical ventilator support. A request for compassionate use remdesivir was submitted on the same hospital day as the positive COVID-19 PCR result. Supportive measures, in addition to a 5-day course of hydroxychloroquine, were maintained until remdesivir could be supplied on day 9 of hospitalization, 13 days after symptom onset. Sixty hours after initiating remdesivir, the patient was successfully extubated and was able to transition to room air within 24 hours of extubation. Late initiation of remdesivir may be effective in treating SARS-CoV-2, unlike antivirals utilized for different disease states, such as oseltamivir, which are most effective when started as soon as possible following symptom onset. Urgent action is needed by regulatory agencies to work with drug manufacturers to expedite the study and approval of investigational agents targeting SARS-CoV-2 as well as to meet manufacturing demands.
JO  - Pharmacotherapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/phar.2403
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus: origins, signs, prevention and management of patients
AU  - Hill, Barry
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - British journal of nursing (Mark Allen Publishing)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 29
IS  - 7
PG  - 399-402
SP  - 399
EP  - 402
AN  - 
DO  - 10.12968/bjon.2020.29.7.399
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Working Across Boundaries
AU  - Hierons, Robert M.
AU  - Xie, Tao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Software Testing, Verification and Reliability
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - e1734-e1734
SP  - e1734
EP  - e1734
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/stvr.1734
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/stvr.1734
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Management of ovarian cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Dario Mandato, Vincenzo
AU  - Aguzzoli, Lorenzo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 infection spread rapidly in Italy during the early months of 2020. Infection can vary in severity from asymptomatic disease to acute respiratory distress syndrome and multiorgan failure. The COVID-19 pandemic represents a severe stress test for the national health system. Very quickly hospitals have had to assist a large and unexpected number of patients owing to the rapid spread of the disease. This has led to a sudden shortage of hospital beds, medical and nursing staff, personal protective equipment (PPE), and ventilators. Entire hospitals have been converted into intensive care units, retired anesthesiologists have been called back to work, and specialists in other branches have been assigned to assist COVID-19 patients. Only urgent and non-postponable medical services are guaranteed.
JO  - International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/ijgo.13167
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cluster of coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) in the French Alps, 2020
AU  - Danis, Kostas
AU  - Epaulard, Olivier
AU  - Bénet, Thomas
AU  - Gaymard, Alexandre
AU  - Campoy, Séphora
AU  - Bothelo-Nevers, Elisabeth
AU  - Bouscambert-Duchamp, Maude
AU  - Spaccaferri, Guillaume
AU  - Ader, Florence
AU  - Mailles, Alexandra
AU  - Boudalaa, Zoubida
AU  - Tolsma, Violaine
AU  - Berra, Julien
AU  - Vaux, Sophie
AU  - Forestier, Emmanuel
AU  - Landelle, Caroline
AU  - Fougere, Erica
AU  - Thabuis, Alexandra
AU  - Berthelot, Philippe
AU  - Veil, Raphael
AU  - Levy-Bruhl, Daniel
AU  - Chidiac, Christian
AU  - Lina, Bruno
AU  - Coignard, Bruno
AU  - Saura, Christine
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: On 07/02/2020, French Health authorities were informed of a confirmed case of SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus in an Englishman infected in Singapore who had recently stayed in a chalet in the French Alps. We conducted an investigation to identify secondary cases and interrupt transmission. METHODS: We defined as a confirmed case a person linked to the chalet with a positive RT-PCR sample for SARS-CoV-2. RESULTS: The index case stayed 4 days in the chalet with 10 English tourists and a family of 5 French residents; SARS-CoV-2 was detected in 5 individuals in France, 6 in England (including the index case), and 1 in Spain (overall attack rate in the chalet: 75%). One pediatric case, with picornavirus and influenza A coinfection, visited 3 different schools while symptomatic. One case was asymptomatic, with similar viral load as that of a symptomatic case. Seven days after the first cases were diagnosed, one tertiary case was detected in a symptomatic patient with a positive endotracheal aspirate; all previous and concurrent nasopharyngeal specimens were negative. Additionally, 172 contacts were monitored, including 73 tested negative for SARS-CoV-2. CONCLUSIONS: The occurrence in this cluster of one asymptomatic case with similar viral load as a symptomatic patient, suggests transmission potential of asymptomatic individuals. The fact that an infected child did not transmit the disease despite close interactions within schools suggests potential different transmission dynamics in children. Finally, the dissociation between upper and lower respiratory tract results underscores the need for close monitoring of the clinical evolution of suspect Covid-19 cases.
JO  - Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa424
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - China adopts non-contact free consultation to help the public cope with the psychological pressure caused by new coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - Dan, Zhaokui
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Asian Journal of Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 102093-102093
SP  - 102093
EP  - 102093
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102093
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876201820302045
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Diarrhea during COVID-19 infection: pathogenesis, epidemiology, prevention and management
AU  - D'Amico, Ferdinando
AU  - Baumgart, Daniel C.
AU  - Danese, Silvio
AU  - Peyrin-Biroulet, Laurent
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19) pandemic is a worldwide emergency. An increasing number of diarrhea cases is reported. Here we investigate the epidemiology, clinical presentation, molecular mechanisms, management, and prevention of SARS-CoV-2 associated diarrhea. METHODS: We searched on PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science up to March 2020 to identify studies documenting diarrhea and mechansism of intestinal inflammation in patients with confirmed diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection. RESULTS: Clinical studies show an incidence rate of diarrhea ranging from 2% to 50% of cases. It may precede or trail respiratory symptoms. A pooled analysis revealed an overall percentage of diarrhea onset of 10.4%. SARS-CoV uses the the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and the serine protease TMPRSS2 for S protein priming. ACE2 and TMPRSS2 are not only expressed in lung, but also in the small intestinal epithelia. ACE2 is expressed furthermore in the upper esophagus, liver, and colon. SARS-CoV-2 binding affinity to ACE2 is significantly higher (10-20 times) compared with SARS-CoV. Several reports indicate viral RNA shedding in stool detectable longer time period than in nasopharyngeal swabs. Current treatment is supportive, but several options appear promising and are the subject of investigation. CONCLUSION: Diarrhea is a frequent presenting symptom in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. Increasing evidence indicates possible fecal oral transmission, indicating the need for a rapid and effective modification of the screening and diagnostic algorithms. The optimal methods to prevent, manage, and treat diarrhea in COVID-19 infected patients are subjects of intensive research.
JO  - Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.cgh.2020.04.001
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Role of Nonstructural Proteins in the Pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2
AU  - da Silva, Severino Jefferson Ribeiro
AU  - da Silva, Caroline Targino Alves
AU  - Mendes, Renata Pessôa Germano
AU  - Pena, Lindomar
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We read with great interest the study authored by Angeletti et al. regarding the role of nonstructural proteins nsp2 and nsp3 in the pathogenesis of COVID-191 . COVID-19 emerged in December 2019 in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China and is caused by a novel viral variant belonging to the viral variant belonging to the Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (SARS-rCoV) species of subgenus Sarbecovirus, genus Betacoronavirus, family Coronaviridae and named SARS-CoV-22 . This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25858
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32270884
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Extubation of patients with COVID-19
AU  - D’Silva, David F.
AU  - McCulloch, Timothy J.
AU  - Lim, Jessica S.
AU  - Smith, Sanchia S.
AU  - Carayannis, Daniel
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - British Journal of Anaesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bja.2020.03.016
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0007091220301720
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Rapid progression of lung inflammatory infiltrates in SARS-CoV-2 infection in a young man
AU  - Czarnecki, Marcin
AU  - Janocha-Litwin, Justyna
AU  - Rostkowska-Białas, Karolina
AU  - Zielińska, Kamila
AU  - Simon, Krzysztof
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Polish archives of internal medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.20452/pamw.15290
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32267140
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prevalence of venous thromboembolism in patients with severe novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - Cui, Songping
AU  - Chen, Shuo
AU  - Li, Xiunan
AU  - Liu, Shi
AU  - Wang, Feng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Since 3 months ago, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) broke out in Wuhan, China, and spread rapidly around the world. Severe novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) patients have abnormal blood coagulation function, but their venous thromboembolism(VTE) prevalence is still rarely mentioned. OBJECTIVES: To determine the incidence of VTE in patients with severe NCP. METHODS: In this study, 81 severe NCP patients in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of Union Hospital (Wuhan, China) were enrolled. The results of conventional coagulation parameters and lower limb vein ultrasonography of these patients were retrospectively collected and analyzed. RESULTS: The incidence of VTE in these patients was 25%(20/81), of which 8 patients with VTE events died. VTE group was different from non-VTE group in age, lymphocytes counts, activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), D-dimer, etc. If 1.5 µg/mL was used as the D-dimer cut-off value to predicting VTE, the sensitivity was 85.0%, the specificity was 88.5% and the negative predictive value (NPV) was 94.7%. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of VTE in patients with severe NCP is 25% (20/81), which may be related to poor prognosis. The significant increase of D-dimer in severe NCP patients is a good index for identifying high-risk groups of VTE.
JO  - Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jth.14830
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Misinformation of COVID-19 on the Internet: Infodemiology Study
AU  - Cuan-Baltazar, Jose Yunam
AU  - Muñoz-Perez, Maria José
AU  - Robledo-Vega, Carolina
AU  - Pérez-Zepeda, Maria Fernanda
AU  - Soto-Vega, Elena
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND The internet has become an important source of health information for users worldwide. The novel coronavirus caused a pandemic search for information with broad dissemination of false or misleading health information. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality and readability of online information about the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), which was a trending topic on the internet, using validated instruments and relating the quality of information to its readability. METHODS The search was based on the term "Wuhan Coronavirus" on the Google website (February 6, 2020). At the search time, the terms "COVID-19" or "SARS-CoV-2" (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) did not exist. Critical analysis was performed on the first 110 hits using the Health on the Net Foundation Code of Conduct (HONcode), the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) benchmark, the DISCERN instrument, and Google ranking. RESULTS The first 110 websites were critically analyzed, and only 1.8% (n=2) of the websites had the HONcode seal. The JAMA benchmark showed that 39.1% (n=43) of the websites did not have any of the categories required by this tool, and only 10.0% (11/110) of the websites had the four quality criteria required by JAMA. The DISCERN score showed that 70.0% (n=77) of the websites were evaluated as having a low score and none were rated as having a high score. CONCLUSIONS Nonhealth personnel and the scientific community need to be aware about the quality of the information they read and produce, respectively. The Wuhan coronavirus health crisis misinformation was produced by the media, and the misinformation was obtained by users from the internet. The use of the internet has a risk to public health, and, in cases like this, the governments should be developing strategies to regulate health information on the internet without censuring the population. By February 6, 2020, no quality information was available on the internet about COVID-19.
JO  - JMIR public health and surveillance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 6
IS  - 2
PG  - e18444-e18444
SP  - e18444
EP  - e18444
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2196/18444
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32250960
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Telemedicine: Has the Time Really Finally Arrived?
AU  - Crump, William J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jrh.12435
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: A Review of Therapeutics Under Investigation
AU  - Crosby, James C.
AU  - Heimann, Matthew A.
AU  - Burleson, Samuel L.
AU  - Anzalone, Brendan C.
AU  - Swanson, Jonathan F.
AU  - Wallace, Douglas W.
AU  - Greene, Christopher J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract The COVID-19 outbreak has disrupted global healthcare networks and caused thousands of deaths and an international economic downturn. Multiple drugs are being used on patients with COVID-19 based on theoretical and in-vitro therapeutic targets. Several of these therapies have been studied, but many have limited evidence behind their use, and clinical trials to evaluate their efficacy are either ongoing or have not yet begun. This review summarizes the existing evidence for medications currently under investigation for treatment of COVID-19, including remdesivir, chloroquine/hydroxychlorquine, convalescent plasma, lopinavir/ritonavir, IL-6 inhibitors, corticosteroids, and ACE inhibitors. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
JO  - Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians Open
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/emp2.12081
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/emp2.12081
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Dentistry and coronavirus (COVID-19) - moral decision-making
AU  - Coulthard, Paul
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The coronavirus (COVID-19) has challenged health professions and systems and has evoked different speeds of reaction and types of response around the world. The role of dental professionals in preventing the transmission of COVID-19 is critically important. While all routine dental care has been suspended in countries experiencing COVID-19 disease during the period of pandemic, the need for organised urgent care delivered by teams provided with appropriate personal protective equipment takes priority. Dental professionals can also contribute to medical care. Major and rapid reorganisation of both clinical and support services is not straightforward. Dental professionals felt a moral duty to reduce routine care for fear of spreading COVID-19 among their patients and beyond, but were understandably concerned about the financial consequences. Amidst the explosion of information available online and through social media, it is difficult to identify reliable research evidence and guidance, but moral decisions must be made.
JO  - British Dental Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 228
IS  - 7
PG  - 503-505
SP  - 503
EP  - 505
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41415-020-1482-1
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41415-020-1482-1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Handling and Processing of Blood Specimens from Patients with COVID-19 for Safe Studies on Cell Phenotype and Cytokine Storm
AU  - Cossarizza, Andrea
AU  - Gibellini, Lara
AU  - De Biasi, Sara
AU  - Lo Tartaro, Domenico
AU  - Mattioli, Marco
AU  - Paolini, Annamaria
AU  - Fidanza, Lucia
AU  - Bellinazzi, Caterina
AU  - Borella, Rebecca
AU  - Castaniere, Ivana
AU  - Meschiari, Marianna
AU  - Sita, Marco
AU  - Manco, Gianrocco
AU  - Clini, Enrico
AU  - Gelmini, Roberta
AU  - Girardis, Massimo
AU  - Guaraldi, Giovanni
AU  - Mussini, Cristina
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 heavily involves all those working in a laboratory. Samples from known infected patients or donors who are considered healthy can arrive, and a colleague might be asymptomatic but able to transmit the virus. Working in a clinical laboratory is posing several safety challenges. Few years ago, International Society for Advancement of Cytometry published guidelines to safely analyze and sort human samples that were revised in these days. We describe the procedures that we have been following since the first patient appeared in Italy, which have only slightly modified our standard one, being all human samples associated with risks. © 2020 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry.
JO  - Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/cyto.a.24009
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - HEALTH ANXIETY AND BEHAVIOURAL CHANGES OF PREGNANT WOMEN DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
AU  - Corbett, Gillian A.
AU  - Milne, Sarah J.
AU  - Hehir, Mark P.
AU  - Lindow, Stephen W.
AU  - O’connell, Michael P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2020.04.022
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301211520301901
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Does Air Pollution Influence COVID-19 Outbreaks?
AU  - Contini, Daniele
AU  - Costabile, Francesca
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) [...]</p>
JO  - Atmosphere
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 11
IS  - 4
PG  - 377-377
SP  - 377
EP  - 377
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/atmos11040377
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/11/4/377
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Fighting COVID-19 Hypoxia with One Hand Tied Behind Our Back: Blanket Prohibition of High Flow Oxygen and Non-Invasive Positive End-Expiratory Pressure in United States Hospitals
AU  - Colla, Joseph
AU  - Rodos, Adam
AU  - Seyller, Hannah
AU  - Weingart, Scott
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2020.04.015
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0196064420302651
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 the showdown for mass casualty preparedness and management: the Cassandra Syndrome
AU  - Coccolini, Federico
AU  - Sartelli, Massimo
AU  - Kluger, Yoram
AU  - Pikoulis, Emmanouil
AU  - Karamagioli, Evika
AU  - Moore, Ernest E.
AU  - Biffl, Walter L.
AU  - Peitzman, Andrew
AU  - Hecker, Andreas
AU  - Chirica, Mircea
AU  - Damaskos, Dimitrios
AU  - Ordonez, Carlos
AU  - Vega, Felipe
AU  - Fraga, Gustavo P.
AU  - Chiarugi, Massimo
AU  - Di Saverio, Salomone
AU  - Kirkpatrick, Andrew W.
AU  - Abu-Zidan, Fikri
AU  - Mefire, Alain Chicom
AU  - Leppaniemi, Ari
AU  - Khokha, Vladimir
AU  - Sakakushev, Boris
AU  - Catena, Rodolfo
AU  - Coimbra, Raul
AU  - Ansaloni, Luca
AU  - Corbella, Davide
AU  - Catena, Fausto
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, the world is potentially facing one of the most difficult infectious situations of the last decades. COVID-19 epidemic warrants consideration as a mass casualty incident (MCI) of the highest nature. An optimal MCI/disaster management should consider all four phases of the so-called disaster cycle: mitigation, planning, response, and recovery. COVID-19 outbreak has demonstrated the worldwide unpreparedness to face a global MCI.This present paper thus represents a call for action to solicitate governments and the Global Community to actively start effective plans to promote and improve MCI management preparedness in general, and with an obvious current focus on COVID-19.
JO  - World journal of emergency surgery : WJES
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 15
IS  - 1
PG  - 26-26
SP  - 26
EP  - 26
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s13017-020-00304-5
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Early Experience with COVID-19 in Kidney Transplantation
AU  - Coates, P. Toby
AU  - Wong, Germaine
AU  - Drueke, Tilman
AU  - Rovin, Brad
AU  - Ronco, Pierre
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Kidney International
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.kint.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0085253820303628
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coping with COVID-19: ventilator splitting with differential driving pressures using standard hospital equipment
AU  - Clarke, A. L.
AU  - Stephens, A. F.
AU  - Liao, S.
AU  - Byrne, T. J.
AU  - Gregory, S. D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The global COVID-19 pandemic has led to a worldwide shortage of ventilators. This shortage has initiated discussions of how to support multiple patients with a single ventilator (ventilator splitting). Ventilator splitting is incompletely tested, experimental and the effects have not been fully characterised. This study investigated the effect of ventilator splitting on system variables (inspiratory pressure, flow, and volume) and the possibility of different ventilation targets for each limb using only standard hospital equipment. Experiments were conducted on two test lungs with different compliances (0.02 and 0.04 l.cmH(2) O(-1) ). The ventilator was used in both pressure and volume control modes and was set to ventilate the low compliance lungs at end-tidal volumes of 500 ± 20 ml. A flow restrictor apparatus consisting of a Hoffman clamp and tracheal tube was connected in series to the inspiratory limb of the high compliance test lungs and the resistance modified to achieve end-tidal volumes of 500 ± 20 ml. The restriction apparatus successfully modified the inspiratory pressure, minute ventilation, and volume delivered to the high compliance test lungs in both pressure control (27.3-17.8 cm H(2) O, 15.2-8.0 l.min(-1) and 980-499 ml, respectively), and volume control (21.0-16.7 cm H(2) O, 10.7-7.9 l.min(-1) and 659-498 ml, respectively) ventilation modes. Ventilator splitting is not condoned by the authors. However, these experiments demonstrate the capacity to simultaneously ventilate two test lungs of different compliances, and using only standard hospital equipment, modify the delivered pressure, flow, and volume in each test lung.
JO  - Anaesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/anae.15078
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel coronavirus infection: Covid-19
AU  - Çiftçi, E.
AU  - Çoksüer, F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronaviruses (CoV) are enveloped, single-chain positive RNA viruses constituting a fairly large family. 229E, OC43, NL63 and HKU1 species are common in humans, often causing mild to moderate respiratory infections. On the other hand, new coronaviruses have emerged, causing severe respiratory infection such as “severe acute respiratory syndrome” (SARS) in 2002 and “Middle East respiratory syndrome” (MERS) in 2012. The most recent coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, causing COVID-19 disease was identified in 2019. While people of all ages are susceptible to COVID-19 infection, those with underlying chronic diseases and elderly age have increased susceptibility. There is no specific antiviral drug for COVID-19 infection. Therefore, treatment strategy is mostly aimed at supportive treatment and prevention of complications. The main protection measure is to avoid contact with the person infected with COVID-19. Following the identification of COVID-19 disease, it exceeded the region where it was located, the number of cases increased gradually, and intercontinental reports were made. COVID-19 is a highly pathogenic respiratory virus threatening global public health today. In order to eradicate the virus, it is necessary to clarify the source of the virus, to develop specific, effective treatments and a safe vaccine. Effective surveillance and appropriate infection control measures are critical to prevent the spread of the virus.
JO  - Flora
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 25
IS  - 1
PG  - 9-18
SP  - 9
EP  - 18
AN  - 
DO  - 10.5578/flora.202002
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005464512 http://dx.doi.org/10.5578/flora.202002
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Response to Ribeiro da Silva et al.,"Role of Nonstructural Proteins in the Pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Ciccozzi, Massimo
AU  - Benvenuto, Domenico
AU  - Giovanetti, Marta
AU  - Bianchi, Martina
AU  - Pascarella, Stefano
AU  - Angeletti, Silvia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We are writing regarding the Letter entitled "Role of non-structural Proteins in the Pathogenesis of SARSCoV-2" from Ribeiro da Silva et al., published in Journal of Medical Virology(1) . We welcome the discussion on published article, which could improve the science and clarify any controversial issues. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25863
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Expert consensus from the Italian Society for Colposcopy and Cervico-Vaginal Pathology (SICPCV) for colposcopy and outpatient surgery of the lower genital tract during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Ciavattini, Andrea
AU  - Delli Carpini, Giovanni
AU  - Giannella, Luca
AU  - De Vincenzo, Rosa
AU  - Frega, Antonio
AU  - Cattani, Paolo
AU  - Boselli, Fausto
AU  - Sopracordevole, Francesco
AU  - Barbero, Maggiorino
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, patients need to be evaluated within 2-4 weeks in the following cases: cytology result of "squamous cell carcinoma," "atypical glandular cells, favor neoplastic," "endocervical adenocarcinoma in situ," or "adenocarcinoma"; histopathological diagnosis of suspected invasion from cervical/vaginal biopsy, or invasive disease after a cervical excision procedure, vaginal excision, or vulvar biopsy/excision; sudden onset of strongly suggestive symptoms for malignancy. Digital imaging technologies represent an important opportunity during the COVID-19 pandemic to share colposcopic images with reference centers, with the aim of avoiding any concentration of patients. All patients must undergo screening for COVID-19 exposure and should wear a surgical mask. A high-efficiency filter smoke evacuation system is mandatory to remove surgical smoke. Electrosurgical instruments should be set at the lowest possible power and not be used for long continuous periods to reduce the amount of surgical smoke. The following personal protective equipment should be used: sterile fluid-repellant surgical gloves, an underlying pair of gloves, eye protection, FFP3 mask, surgical cap, and gown. The colposcope should be protected by a disposable transparent cover. A protective lens that must be disinfected after each use should be applied. The use of a video colposcope should be preferred.
JO  - International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/ijgo.13158
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pediatric Endocrinology in the Time of the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Cianfarani, Stefano
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Hormone research in paediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1159/000507703
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Continuous temperature monitoring by a wearable device for early detection of febrile events in the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in Taiwan, 2020
AU  - Chung, Yi-Ting
AU  - Yeh, Chun-Yin
AU  - Shu, Yu-Chen
AU  - Chuang, Kun-Ta
AU  - Chen, Chang Chun
AU  - Ko, Wen-Chien
AU  - Chen, Po-Lin
AU  - Ko, Nai-Ying
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2020.04.005
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1684118220300992
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Restructuring of Structural Heart Disease Practice During The Covid-19 Pandemic
AU  - Chung, Christine J.
AU  - Nazif, Tamim M.
AU  - Wolbinski, Mariusz
AU  - Hakemi, Emad
AU  - Lebehn, Mark
AU  - Brandwein, Russell
AU  - Rezende, Carolina Pinheiro
AU  - Doolittle, James
AU  - Rabbani, Leroy
AU  - Uriel, Nir
AU  - Schwartz, Allan
AU  - Biviano, Angelo
AU  - Wan, Elaine
AU  - Hathaway, Lisa
AU  - Hahn, Rebecca
AU  - Khalique, Omar
AU  - Hamid, Nadira
AU  - Ng, Vivian
AU  - Patel, Amisha
AU  - Vahl, Torsten
AU  - Kirtane, Ajay
AU  - Bapat, Vinayak
AU  - George, Isaac
AU  - Leon, Martin B.
AU  - Kodali, Susheel K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Patients with structural heart disease (SHD) are at increased risk of adverse outcomes from the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) due to advanced age and comorbidity. In the midst of a global pandemic of a novel infectious disease, reality-based considerations comprise an important starting point for formulating clinical management pathways. The aim of these "crisis-driven" recommendations is (1) to ensure appropriate and timely treatment of SHD patients, (2) to minimize the risk of COVID-19 exposure to patients and healthcare workers, and (3) to limit resource utilization under conditions of constraint. While the degree of disruption to usual practice will vary across the United States and elsewhere, we hope that early experiences from a Heart Team operating in the current global epicenter of COVID-19 may prove useful for others adapting their practice in advance of local surges of COVID-19.
JO  - Journal of the American College of Cardiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jacc.2020.04.009
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Comparative replication and immune activation profiles of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV in human lungs: an ex vivo study with implications for the pathogenesis of COVID-19
AU  - Chu, Hin
AU  - Chan, Jasper Fuk-Woo
AU  - Wang, Yixin
AU  - Yuen, Terrence Tsz-Tai
AU  - Chai, Yue
AU  - Hou, Yuxin
AU  - Shuai, Huiping
AU  - Yang, Dong
AU  - Hu, Binjie
AU  - Huang, Xiner
AU  - Zhang, Xi
AU  - Cai, Jian-Piao
AU  - Zhou, Jie
AU  - Yuan, Shuofeng
AU  - Kok, Kin-Hang
AU  - To, Kelvin Kai-Wang
AU  - Chan, Ivy Hau-Yee
AU  - Zhang, Anna Jinxia
AU  - Sit, Ko-Yung
AU  - Au, Wing-Kuk
AU  - Yuen, Kwok-Yung
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an emerging coronavirus that has resulted in nearly 1,000,000 laboratory-confirmed cases including over 50,000 deaths. Although SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV share a number of common clinical manifestations, SARS-CoV-2 appears to be highly efficient in person-to-person transmission and frequently cause asymptomatic infections. However, the underlying mechanism that confers these viral characteristics on high transmissibility and asymptomatic infection remain incompletely understood. METHODS We comprehensively investigated the replication, cell tropism, and immune activation profile of SARS-CoV-2 infection in human lung tissues with SARS-CoV included as a comparison. RESULTS SARS-CoV-2 infected and replicated in human lung tissues more efficiently than that of SARS-CoV. Within the 48-hour interval, SARS-CoV-2 generated 3.20 folds more infectious virus particles than that of SARS-CoV from the infected lung tissues (P<0.024). SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV were similar in cell tropism, with both targeting types I and II pneumocytes, and alveolar macrophages. Importantly, despite the more efficient virus replication, SARS-CoV-2 did not significantly induce types I, II, or III interferons in the infected human lung tissues. In addition, while SARS-CoV infection upregulated the expression of 11 out of 13 (84.62%) representative pro-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines, SARS-CoV-2 infection only upregulated 5 of these 13 (38.46%) key inflammatory mediators despite replicating more efficiently. CONCLUSIONS Our study provided the first quantitative data on the comparative replication capacity and immune activation profile of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV infection in human lung tissues. Our results provided important insights on the pathogenesis, high transmissibility, and asymptomatic infection of SARS-CoV-2.
JO  - Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa410
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32270184
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Radiology Residency Preparedness and Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Chong, Alice
AU  - Kagetsu, Nolan J.
AU  - Yen, Andrew
AU  - Cooke, Erin A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This article provides a guideline for radiology residency programs to prepare and respond to the impact of COVID-19, by offering specific examples from three programs, and provides a list of resources for distance learning and maintaining well-being.
JO  - Academic Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acra.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1076633220301938
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - High Prevalence of Concurrent Gastrointestinal Manifestations in Patients with SARS-CoV-2: Early Experience from California
AU  - Cholankeril, George
AU  - Podboy, Alexander
AU  - Aivaliotis, Vasiliki Irene
AU  - Tarlow, Branden
AU  - Pham, Edward A.
AU  - Spencer, Sean
AU  - Kim, Donghee
AU  - Hsing, Ann
AU  - Ahmed, Aijaz
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Gastroenterology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2020.04.008
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016508520304716
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preparedness for COVID-19: using in situ simulation to enhance infection control systems in the intensive care unit
AU  - Choi, Gordon Y. S.
AU  - Wan, Winnie T. P.
AU  - Chan, Albert K. M.
AU  - Tong, Sau K.
AU  - Poon, Shing T.
AU  - Joynt, Gavin M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - British Journal of Anaesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bja.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0007091220302026
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Self-screening to reduce medical resource consumptions facing the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Chiu, I. Min
AU  - Cheng, Chi-Yung
AU  - Zhang, Huan
AU  - Lin, Chun-Hung Richard
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Emergency medicine journal : EMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/emermed-2020-209647
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Online learning in the time of COVID-19
AU  - Chiodini, Jane
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101669-101669
SP  - 101669
EP  - 101669
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101669
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S147789392030137X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 disease outbreak forecasting of registered and recovered cases after sixty day lockdown in Italy: A data driven model approach
AU  - Chintalapudi, Nalini
AU  - Battineni, Gopi
AU  - Amenta, Francesco
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background Up to 31 March 2020, 105,792 COVID-19 cases were confirmed in Italy including 15,726 deaths which explains how worst the epidemic has affected the country. After announcing lockdown in Italy on the 9 March 2020, situation is becoming stable since last days of March. In view of this, it is important to forecast the evolution of the Italy situation and the possible effects if this lock down would continue for another two months. Methods Patient statistics were extracted from Italian Health Ministry website where the COVID-19 outbreak of reproductive cases and recovered cases based on last 45 days are reported. Adoption of seasonal ARIMA encompasses the forecast package in R to predict. Results Predictions were done with 93.75% of accuracy for registered case models and 84.4% of accuracy for recovered case models. The forecasting of positive cases might reach the value of 182,757 and forecasting of recovered cases might reach the value of 81,635 at end of May if the lock down is continuous. Conclusions This study highlights the necessity of country lock down and self isolation to control disease transmissibility among Italian population through data driven model analysis. Our findings suggest that nearly 35% of decay in positive cases and 66% of growth in recovered cases could be possible.
JO  - Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2020.04.004
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1684118220300980
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Sustainable response to the COVID-19 pandemic in the operating theatre: we need more than just personal protective equipment
AU  - Cheung, Emmanuel H. L.
AU  - Chan, Tom C. W.
AU  - Wong, Jaclyn W. M.
AU  - Law, Man-Shun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - British Journal of Anaesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bja.2020.04.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0007091220302117
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Disinfection of N95 respirators by ionized hydrogen peroxide in pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) due to SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Cheng, V. C. C.
AU  - Wong, S. C.
AU  - Kwan, G. S. W.
AU  - Hui, W. T.
AU  - Yuen, K. Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Hospital Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jhin.2020.04.003
UR  - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S019567012030178X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Reply to: "Reporting of all cardiac medications and their outcome in COVID-19"
AU  - Cheng, Hao
AU  - Wang, Yan
AU  - Wang, Gui-Qiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We thank Dr. Ajay Kumar Mishra and his colleagues for their attention to our review.(1, 2) We strongly agree with them that it is inappropriate for COVID-19 patients to discontinue ACEIs /ARBs without weighing up the pros and cons.(3, 4) Whether the RAAS inhibitors may affect the prognosis of COVID-19 patients still needs more clinical trials to confirm. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25868
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The network investigation on knowledge, attitude and practice about COVID-19 of the residents in Anhui Province
AU  - Chen, Y.
AU  - Jin, Y. L.
AU  - Zhu, L. J.
AU  - Fang, Z. M.
AU  - Wu, N.
AU  - Du, M. X.
AU  - Jiang, M. M.
AU  - Wang, J.
AU  - Yao, Y. S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To analyze the current situation of the knowledge, attitudes and practice about COVID-19 of the residents in Anhui Province. Methods: Anonymous network sampling survey was carried out with an electronic questionnaire that designed by the questionnaire star, and a total of 4 016 subjects from Anhui province were investigated. The content of the survey includes that the basic information of subjects,the residents' knowledge, attitudes and practice about COVID-19, as well as their satisfaction with the prevention and control measures adopted by the government and health authorities and the suggestions on future prevention. The questionnaire doesn't involve any privacy information, and all questions were mandatory to ensure the response rate. Results: The M (P(25), P(75)) age the 4 016 subjects was 21 (19, 24) years old, and the ranging from 7 to 80 years old. The number of males was 1 431 (35.6%). Social networking tools such as WeChat and QQ were the main sources of epidemic information for residents (97.8%, 3 929 respondents). Residents had higher awareness rate of cough (99.5%,n=3 997) and fever (96.0%, n=3 857) symptoms, the transmission by droplets (99.5%, n=3 995), aerosol transmission (81.1%, n=3 258), and contact transmission (92.3%, n=3 708), but lower awareness of symptoms os muscle pain or fatigue (62.7%, n=2 518). 92.6% of the subjects (n=3 720) think that the outbreak was scary. In terms of psychological behavior scores, the results showed that female (9.38Â±4.81), the urban (9.37Â±5.02) and the medical workers (10.79Â±5.19) had a poorer mental health than the male (8.45Â±5.00), the rural (8.71Â±4.75) and the non-medical workers (the students: 8.85Â±4.83; public institude workers: 9.02Â±5.08; others: 8.97Â±5.39) (P<0.05). 71.9% of the residents (n=2 887) were satisfied with the local epidemic control measures. The residents took various of the measures to prevent and control the epidemic. The ratio of residents that could achieve "no gathering and less going out" , "wear masks when going out " and " do not go to crowded and closed places " was up to 97.4% (n=3 913), 93.6% (n=3 758) and 91.5% (n=3 673) respectively. Conclusion: The residents in Anhui province have a good KAP about COVID-19, yet it is necessary to strengthen the community publicity, the mental health maintenance of residents and students' health education. ç›®çš„ï¼š åˆ†æžå®‰å¾½çœå±…æ°‘æ–°åž‹å† çŠ¶ç—…æ¯’è‚ºç‚Žï¼ˆCOVID-19ï¼‰ç›¸å…³çš„çŸ¥è¯†ã€æ€åº¦å’Œè¡Œä¸ºçŽ°å†µã€‚ æ–¹æ³•ï¼š åˆ©ç”¨é—®å·æ˜Ÿè‡ªè¡Œè®¾è®¡ç”µå­è°ƒæŸ¥é—®å·å¯¹å±…æ°‘è¿›è¡ŒåŒ¿åå¼ç½‘ç»œæ–¹ä¾¿æŠ½æ ·è°ƒæŸ¥ï¼Œä»¥å®‰å¾½çœå±…æ°‘ä¸ºè°ƒæŸ¥å¯¹è±¡ï¼Œè¿›è¡ŒçŽ°å†µè°ƒæŸ¥ç ”ç©¶ï¼Œå…±è°ƒæŸ¥å¯¹è±¡4 016åã€‚è°ƒæŸ¥å†…å®¹åŒ…æ‹¬å±…æ°‘çš„åŸºæœ¬ä¿¡æ¯ï¼Œå±…æ°‘å¯¹COVID-19çš„è®¤çŸ¥ã€æ€åº¦ã€å¿ƒç†å’Œé˜²æŽ§è¡Œä¸ºç­‰ï¼Œä»¥åŠå±…æ°‘å¯¹æ”¿åºœåŠå«ç”Ÿéƒ¨é—¨é‡‡å–é˜²æŽ§æŽªæ–½çš„æ»¡æ„åº¦å’Œå¯¹ä»ŠåŽ é˜²æŽ§æŽªæ–½çš„æ„è§å’Œå»ºè®®ã€‚é—®å·ä¸æ¶‰åŠä»»ä½•éšç§ä¿¡æ¯ï¼Œæ‰€æœ‰é¢˜ç›®é™å®šä¸ºå¿…å¡«é¡¹ï¼Œä»¥ä¿è¯åº”ç­”çŽ‡ã€‚ ç»“æžœï¼š 4 016åè°ƒæŸ¥å¯¹è±¡çš„å¹´é¾„Mï¼ˆP(25)ï¼ŒP(75)ï¼‰ä¸º21ï¼ˆ19ï¼Œ24ï¼‰å²ï¼ŒèŒƒå›´ä¸º7~80å²ï¼›ç”·æ€§ä¸º1 431åï¼ˆ35.6%ï¼‰ã€‚ç½‘ç»œç¤¾äº¤å·¥å…·ï¼ˆ97.8%ï¼Œ3 929åï¼‰æ˜¯è°ƒæŸ¥å¯¹è±¡æœ€ä¸»è¦çš„ç–«æƒ…ä¿¡æ¯æ¥æºæ¸ é“ï¼›è°ƒæŸ¥å¯¹è±¡å¯¹COVID-19å’³å—½ï¼ˆ99.5%ï¼Œ3 997åï¼‰å’Œå‘çƒ§ï¼ˆ96.0%ï¼Œ3 857åï¼‰ç—‡çŠ¶ï¼Œé£žæ²«ä¼ æ’­ï¼ˆ99.5%ï¼Œ3 995åï¼‰ã€æ°”æº¶èƒ¶ä¼ æ’­ï¼ˆ81.1%ï¼Œ3 258åï¼‰ã€æŽ¥è§¦ä¼ æ’­ï¼ˆ92.3%ï¼Œ3 708åï¼‰çš„ä¼ æ’­é€”å¾„çŸ¥æ™“çŽ‡è¾ƒé«˜ï¼Œä½†å¯¹è‚Œè‚‰ç–¼ç—›æˆ–ç–²åŠ³ï¼ˆ62.7%ï¼Œ2 518åï¼‰çš„ç—‡çŠ¶çŸ¥æ™“çŽ‡è¾ƒä½Žã€‚92.6%ï¼ˆ3 720åï¼‰çš„å¯¹è±¡è®¤ä¸ºæ­¤æ¬¡ç–«æƒ…æ¯”è¾ƒå¯æ€•æˆ–éžå¸¸å¯æ€•ã€‚åœ¨å¿ƒç†è¡Œä¸ºå¾—åˆ†ä¸Šï¼Œå¥³æ€§ï¼ˆ9.38Â±4.81ï¼‰é«˜äºŽç”·æ€§ï¼ˆ8.45Â±5.00ï¼‰ï¼ŒåŸŽå¸‚ï¼ˆ9.37Â±5. 02ï¼‰é«˜äºŽå†œæ‘ï¼ˆ8.71Â±4.75ï¼‰ï¼ŒåŒ»åŠ¡å·¥ä½œè€…ï¼ˆ10.79Â±5.19ï¼‰é«˜äºŽéžåŒ»åŠ¡å·¥ä½œè€…ï¼ˆå­¦ç”Ÿï¼š8.85Â±4.83ï¼›äº‹ä¸šå•ä½äººå‘˜ï¼š9.02Â±5. 08ï¼›å…¶ä»–ï¼š8.97Â±5.39ï¼‰ï¼ˆPå€¼å‡<0.05ï¼‰ã€‚71.9%ï¼ˆ2 887åï¼‰çš„å¯¹è±¡å¯¹å½“åœ°çš„ç–«æƒ…é˜²æŽ§æŽªæ–½è¡¨ç¤ºæ»¡æ„ï¼›è°ƒæŸ¥å¯¹è±¡ä¸èšä¼šã€å°‘å‡ºé—¨ï¼Œå‡ºé—¨ä½©æˆ´å£ç½©ï¼Œä¸åŽ»äººå¤šä¸”å°é—­çš„åœºæ‰€çš„è¡Œä¸ºæ‰§è¡ŒçŽ‡è¾ƒé ˜ï¼Œåˆ†åˆ«ä¸º97.4%ï¼ˆ3 913åï¼‰ã€93.6%ï¼ˆ3 758åï¼‰å’Œ91.5%ï¼ˆ3 673åï¼‰ã€‚ ç»“è®ºï¼š å®‰å¾½çœå±…æ°‘å¯¹COVID-19ç›¸å…³çš„çŸ¥è¯†ã€æ€åº¦å’Œè¡Œä¸ºæƒ…å†µè¾ƒå¥½ï¼Œä½†éœ€è¿›ä¸€æ­¥åŠ å¼ºç¤¾åŒºå®£ä¼ ã€å±…æ°‘å¿ƒç†å¥åº·ç»´æŠ¤å’Œå­¦ç”Ÿå¥åº·æ•™è‚²ç­‰å·¥ä½œåŠ›åº¦ã€‚.
JO  - Zhonghua yu fang yi xue za zhi [Chinese journal of preventive medicine]
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 54
IS  - 4
PG  - 367-373
SP  - 367
EP  - 373
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20200205-00069
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical characteristics and outcomes of older patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China (2019): a single-centered, retrospective study
AU  - Chen, TieLong
AU  - Dai, Zhe
AU  - Mo, Pingzheng
AU  - Li, Xinyu
AU  - Ma, Zhiyong
AU  - Song, Shihui
AU  - Chen, Xiaoping
AU  - Luo, Mingqi
AU  - Liang, Ke
AU  - Gao, Shicheng
AU  - Zhang, Yongxi
AU  - Deng, Liping
AU  - Xiong, Yong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: In December 2019, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emerged in Wuhan city and spread rapidly throughout China and the world. In this study, we aimed to describe the clinical course and outcomes of older patients with COVID-19. METHODS: This is a retrospective investigation of hospitalized older patients with confirmed COVID-19 at Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University from January 1, 2020, to February 10, 2020. RESULTS: In total, 203 patients were diagnosed with COVID-19, with a median age of 54 years (interquartile range, 41-68; range, 20-91 years). Men accounted for 108 (53.2%) of the cases, and 55 patients (27.1%) were >65 years of age. Among patients who were 65 years and older, the mortality rate was 34.5% (19/55), which was significantly higher than that of younger patients at 4.7% (7/148). Common symptoms of older patients with COVID-19 included fever (94.5%; n=52), dry cough (69.1%; n=38), and chest distress (63.6%; n=35). Compared with young patients, older patients had more laboratory abnormalities and comorbidities. Through a multivariate analysis of the causes of death in older patients, we found that males, comorbidities, time from disease onset to hospitalization, abnormal kidney function, and elevated procalcitonin levels were all significantly associated with death. CONCLUSIONS: In the recent outbreak of COVID-19, our local hospital in Wuhan found that patients aged 65 and older had greater initial comorbidities, more severe symptoms, and were more likely to experience multi-organ involvement and death, as compared with younger patients.
JO  - The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/gerona/glaa089
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Unpacking the black box: How to promote citizen engagement through government social media during the COVID-19 crisis
AU  - Chen, Qiang
AU  - Min, Chen
AU  - Zhang, Wei
AU  - Wang, Ge
AU  - Ma, Xiaoyue
AU  - Evans, Richard
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - During times of public crises, governments must act swiftly to communicate crisis information effectively and efficiently to members of the public; failure to do so will inevitably lead citizens to become fearful, uncertain and anxious in the prevailing conditions. This pioneering study systematically investigates how Chinese central government agencies used social media to promote citizen engagement during the COVID-19 crisis. Using data scraped from ‘Healthy China’, an official Sina Weibo account of the National Health Commission of China, we examine how citizen engagement relates to a series of theoretically relevant factors, including media richness, dialogic loop, content type and emotional valence. Results show that media richness negatively predicts citizen engagement through government social media, but dialogic loop facilitates engagement. Information relating to the latest news about the crisis and the government's handling of the event positively affects citizen engagement through government social media. Importantly, all relationships were contingent upon the emotional valence of each Weibo post.
JO  - Computers in Human Behavior
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 106380-106380
SP  - 106380
EP  - 106380
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2020.106380
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0747563220301333
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Returning Chinese school-aged children and adolescents to physical activity in the wake of COVID-19: Actions and precautions
AU  - Chen, Peijie
AU  - Mao, Lijuan
AU  - Nassis, George P.
AU  - Harmer, Peter
AU  - Ainsworth, Barbara
AU  - Li, Fuzhong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Sport and Health Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2020.04.003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095254620300491
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Imported COVID-19 Cases Pose New Challenges for China
AU  - Chen, Libin
AU  - Cai, Juncheng
AU  - Lin, Qiuyan
AU  - Xiang, Bin
AU  - Ren, Tao
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - For China—the initial epicenter of the outbreak—two stages of the epidemic have passed (Figure 1A). The first stage is the outbreak period (December 31, 2019 to February 29, 2020), which entailed the period from the first detection of cases to the peak of the epidemic which saw a rapid increase in the number of confirmed cases, and to the time when the growth rate slowed down to less than 200 new confirmed cases per day. In the second stage, which lasted from March 1, 2020 to March 21, 2020, the number of existing cases in most Chinese provinces was reduced to less than 10, respectively, whilst the number of newly confirmed cases in Wuhan, Hubei province, the worst-hit city, was slowly approaching zero. It was during this stage—more specifically on the March 4—that foreign imported cases to appear. During these two stages, the Chinese government, its populous, and its medical professionals had managed to stabilized the deadly epidemic with great deliberation and sacrifices.6 Currently, however, the situation in China has entered its third stage—recontamination through close contact with foreign infection, as demonstrated by the emergence of second-generation case originated from imported cases first reported in Guangzhou, Guangdong province on March 22, 2020 (Figure 1B). As of March 24, 2020, there were 427 imported cases and 3 second-generation cases originated from imported cases, one each in Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou (National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China). It shows that China needs to pay more attention to the control of imported cases and reflect on the measures previously taken against imported cases.
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.048
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.048
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Four cases from a family cluster were diagnosed as COVID-19 after 14-day of quarantine period
AU  - Chen, Dexiong
AU  - Li, Yueping
AU  - Deng, Xilong
AU  - Huang, Huanliang
AU  - Ou, Xueting
AU  - Lin, Yuebao
AU  - Pan, Xingfei
AU  - Lei, Chunliang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December, 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, has spread to a lot of countries worldwide1,2 . On Jan 30, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) had declared that the outbreak of COVID-19 is a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. On March 11, 2020, the spread of COVID-19 was declared a pandemic by the WHO. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25849
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32270500
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Neonatal Resuscitation and Postresuscitation Care of Infants Born to Mothers with Suspected or Confirmed SARS-CoV-2 Infection
AU  - Chandrasekharan, Praveen
AU  - Vento, Maximo
AU  - Trevisanuto, Daniele
AU  - Partridge, Elizabeth
AU  - Underwood, Mark A.
AU  - Wiedeman, Jean
AU  - Katheria, Anup
AU  - Lakshminrusimha, Satyan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The first case of novel coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was reported in November2019. The rapid progression to a global pandemic of COVID-19 has had profound medical, social, and economic consequences. Pregnant women and newborns represent a vulnerable population. However, the precise impact of this novel virus on the fetus and neonate remains uncertain. Appropriate protection of health care workers and newly born infants during and after delivery by a COVID-19 mother is essential. There is some disagreement among expert organizations on an optimal approach based on resource availability, surge volume, and potential risk of transmission. The manuscript outlines the precautions and steps to be taken before, during, and after resuscitation of a newborn born to a COVID-19 mother, including three optional variations of current standards involving shared-decision making with parents for perinatal management, resuscitation of the newborn, disposition, nutrition, and postdischarge care. The availability of resources may also drive the application of these guidelines. More evidence and research are needed to assess the risk of vertical and horizontal transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and its impact on fetal and neonatal outcomes. · The risk of vertical transmission is unclear; transmission from family members/providers to neonates is possible.. · Optimal personal-protective-equipment (airborne vs. droplet/contact precautions) for providers is crucial to prevent transmission.. · Parents should be engaged in shared decision-making with options for rooming in, skin-to-skin contact, and breastfeeding..
JO  - American journal of perinatology
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1055/s-0040-1709688
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Editorial. Neurosurgery in the storm of COVID-19: suggestions from the Lombardy region, Italy (ex malo bonum)
AU  - Cenzato, Marco
AU  - DiMeco, Francesco
AU  - Fontanella, Marco
AU  - Locatelli, Davide
AU  - Servadei, Franco
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of neurosurgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3171/2020.3.JNS20960
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32276261
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Annals On Call - COVID-19: Is Chloroquine the Answer?
AU  - Centor, Robert M.
AU  - Kim, Alfred Hyoungju
AU  - Sparks, Jeffrey A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of internal medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7326/A20-0003
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Acute pulmonary embolism in a patient with COVID-19 pneumonia
AU  - Cellina, Michaela
AU  - Oliva, Giancarlo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diii.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211568420300942
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Editorial – Differences and similarities between Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)-CoronaVirus (CoV) and SARS-CoV-2. Would a rose by another name smell as sweet?
AU  - Ceccarelli, M.
AU  - Berretta, M.
AU  - Rullo, E. V.
AU  - Nunnari, G.
AU  - Cacopardo, B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 24
IS  - 5
PG  - 2781-2783
SP  - 2781
EP  - 2783
AN  - 
DO  - 10.26355/eurrev_202003_20551
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005443474 http://dx.doi.org/10.26355/eurrev_202003_20551
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Treating the Mental Health Effects of COVID-19: The Need for At-Home Neurotherapeutics Is Now
AU  - Caulfield, Kevin A.
AU  - George, Mark S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Brain Stimulation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brs.2020.04.005
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1935861X2030084X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Thromboprophylaxis and laboratory monitoring for in-hospital patients with COVID-19 - a Swiss consensus statement by the Working Party Hemostasis
AU  - Casini, Alessandro
AU  - Alberio, Lorenzo
AU  - Angelillo-Scherrer, Anne
AU  - Fontana, Pierre
AU  - Gerber, Bernhard
AU  - Graf, Lukas
AU  - Hegemann, Inga
AU  - Korte, Wolfgang
AU  - Kremer Hovinga, Johanna
AU  - Lecompte, Thomas
AU  - Martinez, Maria
AU  - Nagler, Michael
AU  - Studt, Jan-Dirk
AU  - Tsakiris, Dimitrios
AU  - Wuillemin, Walter
AU  - Asmis, Lars
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Swiss medical weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 150
IS  - 
PG  - w20247-w20247
SP  - w20247
EP  - w20247
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4414/smw.2020.20247
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Urologist's clinical practice in Brazil: a management guideline proposal for low- and middle-income countries during the crisis period
AU  - Carneiro, Arie
AU  - Wroclawski, Marcelo Langer
AU  - Nahar, Bruno
AU  - Soares, Andrey
AU  - Cardoso, Ana Paula
AU  - Kim, Nam Jin
AU  - Carvalho, Fabricio Torres
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This letter to the Editor aims to provide suggestions and recommendations for the management of urological conditions in times of COVID-19 crisis in Brazil and other low- and middle-income countries. It is important to highlight that one of the main characteristics of this pandemic is the oversaturation of the health system capacity, mostly due to a high demand for personal protective equipment (PPE), Hospital/ICU beds, as well as ventilators. In places with limited resources and where the health care systems are already saturated, such consideration is even more worrisome. Therefore, most worldwide authorities are recommending to avoid, as much as possible, patient's elective visits to hospitals, as well as a judicious use of the operating room in order to mitigate the strain put on the health system. While efforts should be directed to the care of COVID-19 patients, other conditions (especially urgencies and oncological cases) must continue to be assisted. Thus, through a panel of experts, we have prepared a practical guide for urologists based on the recommendations from the main Urologic Associations, as well as data from the literature to support the suggested management. We will try to follow the standard guideline recommendations from the American Urological Association (AUA) and European Association of Urology (EAU), with the aim of pursuing the best outcomes possible. However, some recommendations were based on the consensus of the panel, taking into consideration the reality of developing countries and the unprecedented situation caused by the COVID-19 crisis. Most importantly, all recommendations on this manuscript are based on the expectancy of a maximum 3-month duration of the crisis. If this period shall extended, these recommendations will be revised and updated. Available at. https://www.intbrazjurol.com.br/pdf/aop/COVID_19_Arie_et_al.pdf.
JO  - International braz j urol : official journal of the Brazilian Society of Urology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 46
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2020.04.03
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32271512
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: immunopathology and its implications for therapy
AU  - Cao, Xuetao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature reviews. Immunology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41577-020-0308-3
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Correction to: Clinical features and short-term outcomes of 18 patients with corona virus disease 2019 in intensive care unit
AU  - Cao, Jianlei
AU  - Hu, Xiaorong
AU  - Cheng, Wenlin
AU  - Yu, Lei
AU  - Tu, Wen-Jun
AU  - Liu, Qiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake. There was an error in Xiaorong Hu’s name. The original article has been corrected. The authors apologize for the mistake.
JO  - Intensive Care Medicine 2020
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-1
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/S00134-020-06037-Y
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Therapists join national effort to help essential workers
AU  - Canady, Valerie A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Employees deemed ?essential? workers (i.e., health care professionals, first responders, service industry employees, truck drivers, military and many others on the front line who are not able to work from their homes and risk exposure to COVID-19 so that others could stay at home) can now have access to free or reduced-fee online therapy sessions.
JO  - Mental Health Weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 30
IS  - 15
PG  - 6-7
SP  - 6
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/mhw.32317
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/mhw.32317
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - MH leaders, insurers unite on COVID-19 resource toolkit
AU  - Canady, Valerie A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Observing a need to educate mental health providers and consumers amid a mental health crisis resulting from COVID-19, several national leaders in the health community have come together to launch a toolkit of free digital resources to help both groups address their mental health needs.
JO  - Mental Health Weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 30
IS  - 15
PG  - 3-5
SP  - 3
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/mhw.32316
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/mhw.32316
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - LUNG CANCER SURGICAL MANAGEMENT DURING THE OUTBREAK OF COVID-19
AU  - Cafarotti, Stefano
AU  - Patella, Miriam
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Thoracic Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtho.2020.03.027
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1556086420302914
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2: Olfaction, Brain Infection, and the Urgent Need for Clinical Samples Allowing Earlier Virus Detection
AU  - Butowt, Rafal
AU  - Bilinska, Katarzyna
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel SARS-CoV-2 virus has very high infectivity, which allows it to spread rapidly around the world. Attempts at slowing the pandemic at this stage depend on the number and quality of diagnostic tests performed. We propose that the olfactory epithelium from the nasal cavity may be a more appropriate tissue for detection of SARS-CoV-2 virus at the earliest stages, prior to onset of symptoms or even in asymptomatic people, as compared to commonly used sputum or nasopharyngeal swabs. Here we emphasize that the nasal cavity olfactory epithelium is the likely site of enhanced binding of SARS-CoV-2. Multiple non-neuronal cell types present in the olfactory epithelium express two host receptors, ACE2 and TMPRSS2 proteases, that facilitate SARS-CoV-2 binding, replication, and accumulation. This may be the underlying mechanism for the recently reported cases of smell dysfunction in patients with COVID-19. Moreover, the possibility of subsequent brain infection should be considered which begins in olfactory neurons. In addition, we discuss the possibility that olfactory receptor neurons may initiate rapid immune responses at early stages of the disease. We emphasize the need to undertake research focused on additional aspects of SARS-CoV-2 actions in the nervous system, especially in the olfactory pathway.
JO  - ACS Chemical Neuroscience
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00172
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00172
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Immunosuppressive therapy maintenance in a kidney transplant recipient SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia: a case report
AU  - Bussalino, Elisabetta
AU  - De Maria, Andrea
AU  - Russo, Rodolfo
AU  - Paoletti, Ernesto
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract The role of systemic inflammation is proving crucial in determining unfavorable outcome in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. Limited data are available regarding immunosuppression management in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. We report a case of a 32-year-old KTR who developed SARS-CoV-2 infection and fully recovered in 15 days while maintaining standard immunosuppressive therapy.
JO  - American Journal of Transplantation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/ajt.15920
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/ajt.15920
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Political Intrusions into the International Health Regulations Treaty and Its Impact on Management of Rapidly Emerging Zoonotic Pandemics: What History Tells Us
AU  - Burkle, Frederick M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - For a large number of health care providers world-wide, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is their first experience in population-based care. In past decades, lower population densities, infectious disease outbreaks, epidemics, and pandemics were rare and driven almost exclusively by natural disasters, predatory animals, and war. In the early 1900s, Sir William Osler first advanced the knowledge of zoonotic diseases that are spread from reservoir animals to human animals. Once rare, they now make up 71% or more of new diseases. Globally, zoonotic spread occurs for many reasons. Because the human population has grown in numbers and density, the spread of these diseases accelerated though rapid unsustainable urbanization, biodiversity loss, and climate change. Furthermore, they are exacerbated by an increasing number of vulnerable populations suffering from chronic deficiencies in food, water, and energy. The World Health Organization (WHO) and its International Health Regulation (IHR) Treaty, organized to manage population-based diseases such as Influenza, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), H1N1, Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), HIV, and Ebola, have failed to meet population-based expectations. In part, this is due to influence from powerful political donors, which has become most evident in the current COVID-19 pandemic. The global community can no longer tolerate an ineffectual and passive international response system, nor tolerate the self-serving political interference that authoritarian regimes and others have exercised over the WHO. In a highly integrated globalized world, both the WHO with its IHR Treaty have the potential to become one of the most effective mechanisms for crisis response and risk reduction world-wide. Practitioners and health decision-makers must break their silence and advocate for a stronger treaty, a return of the WHO’s singular global authority, and support highly coordinated population-based management. As Osler recognized, his concept of “one medicine, one health” defines what global public health is today.
JO  - Prehospital and Disaster Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-18
SP  - 1
EP  - 18
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/S1049023X20000515
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/political-intrusions-into-the-international-health-regulations-treaty-and-its-impact-on-management-of-rapidly-emerging-zoonotic-pandemics-what-history-tells-us/D4CC51055BAE339D2CE0DBDD6C8211ED
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The consequences of COVID-19 for gastroenterology nursing
AU  - Burch, Jennie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Jennie Burch, Head of Gastrointestinal Nurse Education, St Mark's Hospital, London (jburch1@nhs.net), discusses the ramifications of coronavirus and the guidelines available to professionals working in gastroenterology.
JO  - British journal of nursing (Mark Allen Publishing)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 29
IS  - 7
PG  - 390-392
SP  - 390
EP  - 392
AN  - 
DO  - 10.12968/bjon.2020.29.7.390
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Effects of information-dependent vaccination behavior on coronavirus outbreak: insights from a SIRI model
AU  - Buonomo, Bruno
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A mathematical model is proposed to assess the effects of a vaccine on the time evolution of a coronavirus outbreak. The model has the basic structure of SIRI compartments (susceptible–infectious–recovered–infectious) and is implemented by taking into account of the behavioral changes of individuals in response to the available information on the status of the disease in the community. We found that the cumulative incidence may be significantly reduced when the information coverage is high enough and/or the information delay is short, especially when the reinfection rate is high enough to sustain the presence of the disease in the community. This analysis is inspired by the ongoing outbreak of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus COVID-19.
JO  - Ricerche di Matematica
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-17
SP  - 1
EP  - 17
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11587-020-00506-8
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11587-020-00506-8
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Nursing When the World is Upside Down
AU  - Brucker, Mary C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nursing for Women's Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.nwh.2020.04.004
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1751485120300738 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1751485120300738
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The continuing evolution of Energy Policy
AU  - Brown, Stephen P. A.
AU  - Brown, Marilyn A.
AU  - Madlener, Reinhard
AU  - Thomas, Stephen
AU  - Zhou, Peng
AU  - Antunes, Carlos Henggeler
AU  - Yeh, Sonia
AU  - Du, Huibin
AU  - Goutte, Stéphane
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Energy Policy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 111459-111459
SP  - 111459
EP  - 111459
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2020.111459
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S030142152030210X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Hydroxychloroquine and “off-label” utilization in the treatment of oral conditions
AU  - Brown, Ronald
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oooo.2020.03.047
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212440320301486
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Rural Healthcare Center Preparation and Readiness Response to Threat of COVID-19
AU  - Brown, Jennifer
AU  - Guru, Swadha
AU  - Williams, Karen
AU  - Florentino, Reyna
AU  - Miner, Jean
AU  - Cagir, Burt
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American College of Surgeons
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2020.04.006
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1072751520303112
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Covid-19 in patients on dialysis: infection prevention and control strategies]
AU  - Brioni, Elena
AU  - Leopaldi, Donato
AU  - Magnaghi, Cristiano
AU  - Franchetti, Rosalia
AU  - Granellini, Elisa
AU  - Pegoraro, Marisa
AU  - Gambirasio, Maria Cristina
AU  - Mazzacani, Paolo
AU  - Parisotto, Maria Teresa
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Covid-19 is a disease caused by a new coronavirus presenting a variability of flu-like symptoms including fever, cough, myalgia and fatigue; in severe cases, patients develop pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, sepsis and septic shock, that can result in their death. This infection, which was declared a global epidemic by the World Health Organization, is particularly dangerous for dialysis patients, as they are frail and more vulnerable to infections due to the overlap of multiple pathologies. In patients with full-blown symptoms, there is a renal impairment of various degrees in 100% of the subjects observed. However, as Covid-19 is an emerging disease, more work is needed to improve prevention, diagnosis and treatment strategies. It is essential to avoid nosocomial spread; in order to control and reduce the rate of infections it is necessary to strengthen the management of medical and nursing personnel through the early diagnosis, isolation and treatment of patients undergoing dialysis treatment. We cover here a series of recommendations for the treatment of dialysis patients who are negative to the virus, and of those who are suspected or confirmed positive.
JO  - Giornale italiano di nefrologia : organo ufficiale della Societa italiana di nefrologia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 37
IS  - 2
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 infection among asymptomatic and symptomatic pregnant women: Two weeks of confirmed presentations to an affiliated pair of New York City hospitals
AU  - Breslin, Noelle
AU  - Baptiste, Caitlin
AU  - Gyamfi-Bannerman, Cynthia
AU  - Miller, Russell
AU  - Martinez, Rebecca
AU  - Bernstein, Kyra
AU  - Ring, Laurence
AU  - Landau, Ruth
AU  - Purisch, Stephanie
AU  - Friedman, Alexander M.
AU  - Fuchs, Karin
AU  - Sutton, Desmond
AU  - Andrikopoulou, Maria
AU  - Rupley, Devon
AU  - Sheen, Jean-Ju
AU  - Aubey, Janice
AU  - Zork, Noelia
AU  - Moroz, Leslie
AU  - Mourad, Mirella
AU  - Wapner, Ronald
AU  - Simpson, Lynn L.
AU  - D’Alton, Mary E.
AU  - Goffman, Dena
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus 2019, or COVID-19, infection has rapidly spread through the New York metropolitan area since the first reported case in the state on March 1, 2020. New York currently represents an epicenter for COVID-19 infection in the United States, with 84,735 cases reported as of April 2, 2020. We previously presented an early experience with seven COVID-positive patients in pregnancy, including two women who were diagnosed with COVID-19 following an asymptomatic initial presentation. We now describe a series of 43 test-confirmed cases of COVID-19 presenting to a pair of affiliated New York City hospitals over two weeks from March 13 to 27, 2020. Fourteen (32.6%) patients presented without any COVID-associated viral symptoms, and were identified either after developing symptoms during admission or following the implementation of universal testing for all obstetrical admissions on March 22. Of these, 10/14 (71.4%) developed symptoms or signs of COVID-19 infection over the course of their delivery admission or early after postpartum discharge. Of the other 29 (67.4%) patients who presented with symptomatic COVID-19 infection, three women ultimately required antenatal admission for viral symptoms, and an additional patient represented six days postpartum after a successful labor induction with worsening respiratory status that required oxygen supplementation. There were no confirmed cases of COVID-19 detected in neonates upon initial testing on the first day of life. Applying COVID-19 disease severity characteristics as described by Wu et al, 37 (86%) women possessed mild disease, four (9.3%) exhibited severe disease, and two (4.7%) developed critical disease; these percentages are similar to those described for non-pregnant adults with COVID-19 infections (about 80% mild, 15% severe, and 5% critical disease).
JO  - American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology MFM
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 100118-100118
SP  - 100118
EP  - 100118
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajogmf.2020.100118
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589933320300483
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The pandemic paradox: the consequences of COVID-19 on domestic violence
AU  - Bradbury-Jones, Caroline
AU  - Isham, Louise
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 (the new strain of coronavirus) has been declared a global pandemic. Measures announced over recent weeks to tackle it have seen people's day-to-day life drastically altered. These changes are essential to beat coronavirus and protect health systems (UK Home Office 2020). However, there are unintended, negative consequences. As the virus continues to spread across the world, it brings with it multiple new stresses, including physical and psychological health risks, isolation and loneliness, the closure of many schools and businesses, economic vulnerability and job losses. Through all of that, children (and their mothers) are particularly vulnerable (End Violence against Children, 2020) to the risk of domestic violence. Domestic violence refers to a range of violations that happen within a domestic space. It is a broad term that encompasses intimate partner violence (IPV), a form of abuse that is perpetrated by a current or ex-partner.
JO  - Journal of clinical nursing
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jocn.15296
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Bills of Mortality: tracking disease in early modern London
AU  - Boyce, Niall
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In a plague year, the numbers are the narrative. “The Bill of Mortality, to all our griefs, is encreased 399 this week, and the encrease general through the whole city and suburbs, which makes us all sad”, noted Londoner Samuel Pepys on Nov 9, 1665. Those who have been following the toll of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections and deaths in the news and on social media will know how Pepys felt. But what was the Bill of Mortality?
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10231
PG  - 1186-1187
SP  - 1186
EP  - 1187
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30725-X
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014067362030725X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Early Impact of COVID-19 on Transplant Center Practices and Policies in the United States
AU  - Boyarsky, Brian J.
AU  - Chiang, Teresa Po-Yu
AU  - Werbel, William A.
AU  - Durand, Christine M.
AU  - Avery, Robin K.
AU  - Getsin, Samantha N.
AU  - Jackson, Kyle R.
AU  - Kernodle, Amber B.
AU  - Van Pilsum Rasmussen, Sarah E.
AU  - Massie, Allan B.
AU  - Segev, Dorry L.
AU  - Garonzik-Wang, Jacqueline M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract COVID-19 is a novel, rapidly-changing pandemic: consequently, evidence-based recommendations in solid organ transplantation (SOT) remain challenging and unclear. To understand the impact on transplant activity across the US, and center-level variation in testing, clinical practice, and policies, we conducted a national survey between March 24-31, 2020 and linked responses to the COVID-19 incidence map. Response rate was a very high 79.3%, reflecting a strong national priority to better understand COVID-19. Complete suspension of live donor kidney transplantation was reported by 71.8% and live donor liver by 67.7%. While complete suspension of deceased donor transplantation was less frequent, some restrictions to deceased donor kidney transplantation were reported by 84.0% and deceased donor liver by 73.3%; more stringent restrictions were associated with higher regional incidence of COVID-19. Shortage of COVID-19 tests was reported by 42.5%. Respondents reported a total of 148 COVID-19 recipients from <1y to >10y post-transplant: 69.6% were kidney recipients, and 25.0% were critically ill. Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) was used by 78.1% of respondents; azithromycin by 46.9%; tocilizumab by 31.3%, and remdesivir by 25.0%. There is wide heterogeneity in center-level response across the US; ongoing national data collection, expert discussion, and clinical studies are critical to informing evidence-based practices.
JO  - American Journal of Transplantation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/ajt.15915
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/ajt.15915
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Current Resources for Evidence-Based Practice, May 2020
AU  - Bovbjerg, Marit L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - An extensive review of new resources to support the provision of evidence-based care for women and infants. The current column includes a discussion of a new National Academy of Medicine report on planned place of birth and implications during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and commentaries on reviews focused on anorectal sexually transmitted infections and feeding methods following cleft lip repair in infants.
JO  - Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jogn.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0884217520300447
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Hiding in Plain Sight: Conceptualizing the Creeping Crisis
AU  - Boin, Arjen
AU  - Ekengren, Magnus
AU  - Rhinard, Mark
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 crisis is a stark reminder that modern society is vulnerable to a special species of trouble: the creeping crisis. The creeping crisis poses a deep challenge to both academics and practitioners. In the crisis literature, it remains ill-defined and understudied. It is even harder to manage. As a threat, it carries a potential for societal disruption?but that potential is not fully understood. An accumulation of these creeping crises can erode public trust in institutions. This paper proposes a definition of a creeping crisis, formulates research questions, and identifies the most relevant theoretical approaches. It provides the building blocks for the systematic study of creeping crises.
JO  - Risk, Hazards & Crisis in Public Policy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/rhc3.12193
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/rhc3.12193
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Minimally invasive surgery at the time of Covid-19: The OR staff needs protection
AU  - Bogani, Giorgio
AU  - Raspagliesi, Francesco
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmig.2020.04.010
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1553465020301850
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Excess cases of influenza-like illnesses synchronous with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic, France, March 2020
AU  - Boëlle, Pierre-Yves
AU  - Souty, Cécile
AU  - Launay, Titouan
AU  - Guerrisi, Caroline
AU  - Turbelin, Clément
AU  - Behillil, Sylvie
AU  - Enouf, Vincent
AU  - Poletto, Chiara
AU  - Lina, Bruno
AU  - van der Werf, Sylvie
AU  - Lévy-Bruhl, Daniel
AU  - Colizza, Vittoria
AU  - Hanslik, Thomas
AU  - Blanchon, Thierry
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The Sentinelles network monitors influenza-like illnesses (ILI) and acute respiratory infections (ARI) in general practice in France [1]. The 2019/20 influenza epidemic reached its peak in mid-February in France [2] and it was expected that ILI incidence would decrease thereafter. However, in the first week of March 2020, we observed a renewed increase in ILI cases in some regions. Several nasopharyngeal swabs collected in that period by Sentinelles general practitioners (GPs) tested positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Here, we quantified the number of consultations for ILI in France in early March 2020 in excess of what was expected to be caused by the influenza epidemic. As coronavirus disease (COVID-19) cases were first identified in France at the end of January 2020 [3] we examined the relationship between ILI reports and reported cases of COVID-19.
JO  - Eurosurveillance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 25
IS  - 14
PG  - 2000326
SP  - 2000326
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.14.2000326
UR  - https://eurosurveillance.org/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.14.2000326
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - An Emergency Amendment to the National Scope of Practice for Paramedics in the Setting of a Global Pandemic
AU  - Boehronger, Brad
AU  - O'Meara, Peter
AU  - Wingrove, Gary
AU  - Nudell, Nikiah G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jrh.12441
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Self-Isolation Compliance In The COVID-19 Era Influenced By Compensation: Findings From A Recent Survey In Israel
AU  - Bodas, Moran
AU  - Peleg, Kobi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A new Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak is spreading since December 2019. In an attempt to contain the disease, health authorities call for self-quarantine of individuals suspected as exposures. Health officials assume the public will comply in high rates; however, studies suggest that a major obstacle to compliance for household quarantine is concern over loss of income. A cross sectional study of the adult population of Israel was conducted in the last week of February 2020 to assess public attitudes toward the COVID-19 outbreak. In particular, public compliance rates with self-quarantine were assessed depending on compensation for lost wages. The results suggest that when compensation was assumed, the compliance rate was 94%; yet, when compensation was removed, the compliance rate dropped to less than 57%. This study demonstrates that providing people with assurances for their livelihood during self-quarantine is an important component in compliance with public health regulations. [Editor's Note: This fast-track Ahead-of-Print article is the accepted version of the peer-reviewed manuscript. The final edited version will appear in an upcoming issue of Health Affairs.].
JO  - Health affairs (Project Hope)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101377hlthaff202000382-101377hlthaff202000382
SP  - 101377hlthaff202000382
EP  - 101377hlthaff202000382
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1377/hlthaff.2020.00382
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Brief guideline for the prevention of COVID-19 infection in head and neck and otolaryngology surgeons
AU  - Boccalatte, L. A.
AU  - Larrañaga, J. J.
AU  - Perez Raffo, G. M.
AU  - Teijido, C. A.
AU  - García Fornari, G.
AU  - Staneloni, M. I.
AU  - Figari, M. F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Importance Anatomically, viral density is greater in the nasal cavity and the nasopharynx. It is to be expected that instrumentation in or through those areas will entail a higher risk of transmission. That's why head and neck and otolaryngologist surgeons are among the most vulnerable health professionals. Observations Surgeons should essentially perform procedures they require. Surgeries should be performed with personal protective equipment suitable for the high risk of aerosolization: goggles, N95 face mask, facial mask, blood-repelling gown and gloves. It is advisable to have the cooperative COVID-19 test in all patients. Telemedicine is a useful resource if resources allow it. Conclusions and relevance Otolaryngologists and related specialists are among the groups at higher risk when performing surgeries and upper airway examinations. There are no emergencies in a pandemic. The care of health professionals is crucial to combating this health situation.
JO  - American Journal of Otolaryngology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 102484-102484
SP  - 102484
EP  - 102484
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjoto.2020.102484
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0196070920301666
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Call to Action: Novel Ways that Hepatologists Can Contribute to Patient Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Bloom, Patricia P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Digestive Diseases and Sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s10620-020-06251-0
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10620-020-06251-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Blood and blood product use during COVID-19 Infection
AU  - Fan, Bingwen Eugene
AU  - Ong, Kiat Hoe
AU  - Chan, Stephrene Seok Wei
AU  - Young, Barnaby Edward
AU  - Chong, Vanessa Cui Lian
AU  - Chen, Siew Ping Connie
AU  - Lim, Shu Ping
AU  - Lim, Geok Ping
AU  - Kuperan, Ponnudurai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - American journal of hematology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/ajh.25823
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Consensus français sur la pratique de la chirurgie oncologique ORL pendant la pandémie de COVID-19
AU  - Fakhry, N.
AU  - Schultz, P.
AU  - Morinière, S.
AU  - Breuskin, I.
AU  - Bozec, A.
AU  - Vergez, S.
AU  - de Garbory, L.
AU  - Hartl, D.
AU  - Temam, S.
AU  - Lescanne, E.
AU  - Couloigner, V.
AU  - Barry, B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - RESUME Dans le contexte de la pandémie de COVID-19, des conseils spécifiques semblent nécessaires concernant la prise en charge des patients atteints de cancers ORL. La règle est de limiter au maximum le flux de patients afin de réduire les risques de contamination par le virus SARS-Cov-2 aussi bien des patients que du personnel soignant, particulièrement exposé en ORL. L’objectif est de limiter le risque de perte de chance pour le patient et d’anticiper le flux de patients atteints de cancers à traiter à la fin de l’épidémie, en tenant compte du degré d’urgence, de la lourdeur de la chirurgie, du risque de contamination de l’équipe soignante (trachéotomie) et de la situation locale (saturation ou non de l’hôpital et des services de réanimation).
JO  - Annales françaises d'Oto-rhino-laryngologie et de Pathologie Cervico-faciale
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aforl.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1879726120301017
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - French consensus on management of head and neck cancer surgery during COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Fakhry, N.
AU  - Schultz, P.
AU  - Morinière, S.
AU  - Breuskin, I.
AU  - Bozec, A.
AU  - Vergez, S.
AU  - de Garbory, L.
AU  - Hartl, D.
AU  - Temam, S.
AU  - Lescanne, E.
AU  - Couloigner, V.
AU  - Barry, B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - ABSTRACT In the context of the current pandemic, there is a need for specific advice concerning treatment of patients with Head and Neck cancers. The rule is to limit as much as possible the number of patients in order to reduce the risks of contamination by the SARS-Cov-2 virus for both patients and the caregivers, who are particularly exposed in ENT. The aim is to minimize the risk of loss of opportunity for patients and to anticipate the increased number of cancer patients to be treated at the end of the pandemic, taking into account the degree of urgency, the difficulty of the surgery, the risk of contaminating the caregivers (tracheotomy) and the local situation (whether or not the hospital and intensive care departments are overstretched).
JO  - European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anorl.2020.04.008
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1879729620300983
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Staying ahead of the game
AU  - Everard, William
PY  - 2005
PD  - 
N2  - Covid-19 Notes: Staying Ahead of the Wave This report from a hard-hit hospital on Long Island, New York, explains how the local coronavirus epidemic led to rapid innovation. The ED set up a forward...
JO  - Marine Engineers Review
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - JULY/AUG.
PG  - 30-31
SP  - 30
EP  - 31
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMc2009409
UR  - http://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMc2009409
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Going Virtual to Support Anatomy Education: A STOP GAP in the Midst of the Covid-19 Pandemic
AU  - Evans, Darrell J. R.
AU  - Bay, Boon Huat
AU  - Wilson, Timothy D.
AU  - Smith, Claire F.
AU  - Lachman, Nirusha
AU  - Pawlina, Wojciech
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - "All hands on deck, we need to move everything online as quickly as possible". This is the message that has been ringing out across universities worldwide over the last couple of months as the Covid-19 pandemic has taken hold. Anatomists have responded to this call enthusiastically and creatively, ensuring that their students have resources available to continue and support their learning as they are forced to study remotely and exercise social distancing and where necessary self-isolation. Despite the seriousness of the health situation, this new drive to move to online learning provides the necessary opportunity to assess our future approach to curriculum design and delivery for the anatomical sciences. This pause to reevaluate is necessary as online learning, offers up refreshing and pedagogically innovative approaches to facilitate learning. For many courses and programs however, it is not the long-term silver bullet solution to all learning provision and has consequences that must be considered.
JO  - Anatomical sciences education
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/ase.1963
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The role and response of palliative care and hospice services in epidemics and pandemics: a rapid review to inform practice during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Etkind, Simon N.
AU  - Bone, Anna E.
AU  - Lovell, Natasha
AU  - Cripps, Rachel L.
AU  - Harding, Richard
AU  - Higginson, Irene J.
AU  - Sleeman, Katherine E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Cases of COVID-19 are escalating rapidly across the globe, with the mortality risk being especially high among those with existing illness and multimorbidity. This study aimed to synthesise evidence for the role and response of palliative care and hospice teams to viral epi/pandemics, to inform the COVID-19 pandemic response. We conducted a rapid systematic review according to PRISMA guidelines in five databases. Of 3094 papers identified, ten were included in this narrative synthesis. Included studies were from West Africa, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore, the United States and Italy. All had an observational design. Findings were synthesised using a previously proposed framework according to 'systems' (policies, training and protocols, communication and coordination, data), 'staff' (deployment, skill mix, resilience), 'space' (community provision, use of technology) and 'stuff' (medicines and equipment, personal protective equipment). We conclude that hospice and palliative services have an essential role in the response to COVID-19 by: 1) responding rapidly and flexibly; 2) ensuring protocols for symptom management are available, and training non-specialists in their use; 3) being involved in triage; 4) considering shifting resources into the community; 5) considering redeploying volunteers to provide psychosocial and bereavement care; 6) facilitating camaraderie among staff and adopt measures to deal with stress; 7) using technology to communicate with patients and carers; 8) adopting standardised data collection systems to inform operational changes and improve care.
JO  - Journal of pain and symptom management
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2020.03.029
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 2019 Coronavirus pandemic in Turkey and across the world
AU  - Er, A. G.
AU  - Ünal, S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus, which was called 2019-nCoV at the beginning of the outbreak, was named SARS-CoV-2 later. The clinical disease caused by the virus was also called Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a global pandemic on 11.03.2020. As of 26.03.2020, there have been 462.684 confirmed cases and 20.834 deaths globally, and these numbers are expected to increase in the coming days. The dynamics of virus spread are investigated with various models and outbreak parameters such as incubation time and basic reproduction number (R0) is tried to be illuminated. According to official numbers, as of 03.26.2020, there have also been 3629 cases and 75 deaths in Turkey. COVID-19 Guideline prepared by the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Turkey is constantly updated with additional prevention and treatment strategies. Various predictions are made for the future course of the pandemic, and the contribution of the spread of the virus in Africa and seasonal changes on this issue has been investigated.
JO  - Flora
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 25
IS  - 1
PG  - 1-8
SP  - 1
EP  - 8
AN  - 
DO  - 10.5578/flora.202001
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005464511 http://dx.doi.org/10.5578/flora.202001
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Inquiries to consumer lines manageable, but blitz from COVID-19 may be coming
AU  - Enos, Gary
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Operators of the many sources of telephone-based mental health crisis support across the nation wonder whether a fairly busy March of fielding concerns about the novel coronavirus could transition to an unmanageable April.
JO  - Mental Health Weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 30
IS  - 15
PG  - 1-6
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/mhw.32315
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/mhw.32315
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Commentary: Rethinking Surgical Protocols in the Covid-19 Era
AU  - Engelman, Daniel T.
AU  - Arora, Rakesh C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcvs.2020.04.015
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022522320309107
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Call to action for the cardiovascular side of COVID-19
AU  - Emanueli, Costanza
AU  - Badimon, Lina
AU  - Martelli, Fabio
AU  - Potočnjak, Ines
AU  - Carpusca, Irina
AU  - Robinson, Emma L.
AU  - Devaux, Yvan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Heart Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa301
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/advance-article/doi/10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa301/5819474
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Letter: Academic Neurosurgery Department Response to COVID-19 Pandemic: The University of Miami/Jackson Memorial Hospital Model
AU  - Eichberg, Daniel G.
AU  - Shah, Ashish H.
AU  - Luther, Evan M.
AU  - Menendez, Ingrid
AU  - Jimenez, Andrea
AU  - Perez-Dickens, Maggy
AU  - O’Phelan, Kristine H.
AU  - Ivan, Michael E.
AU  - Komotar, Ricardo J.
AU  - Levi, Allan D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Neurosurgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/neuros/nyaa118
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/neurosurgery/advance-article/doi/10.1093/neuros/nyaa118/5819057
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Breaking social isolation amidst Covid-19: a viewpoint on improving access to technology in long term care facilities
AU  - Eghtesadi, Marzieh
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jgs.16478
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - First COVID-19 infections in the Philippines: a case report
AU  - Edrada, Edna M.
AU  - Lopez, Edmundo B.
AU  - Villarama, Jose Benito
AU  - Salva Villarama, Eumelia P.
AU  - Dagoc, Bren F.
AU  - Smith, Chris
AU  - Sayo, Ana Ria
AU  - Verona, Jeffrey A.
AU  - Trifalgar-Arches, Jamie
AU  - Lazaro, Jezreel
AU  - Balinas, Ellen Grace M.
AU  - Telan, Elizabeth Freda O.
AU  - Roy, Lynsil
AU  - Galon, Myvie
AU  - Florida, Carl Hill N.
AU  - Ukawa, Tatsuya
AU  - Villaneuva, Annavi Marie G.
AU  - Saito, Nobuo
AU  - Nepomuceno, Jean Raphael
AU  - Ariyoshi, Koya
AU  - Carlos, Celia
AU  - Nicolasora, Amalea Dulcene
AU  - Solante, Rontgene M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is responsible for more fatalities than the SARS coronavirus, despite being in the initial stage of a global pandemic. The first suspected case in the Philippines was investigated on January 22, 2020, and 633 suspected cases were reported as of March 1. We describe the clinical and epidemiological aspects of the first two confirmed COVID-19 cases in the Philippines, both admitted to the national infectious disease referral hospital in Manila. Both patients were previously healthy Chinese nationals on vacation in the Philippines travelling as a couple during January 2020. Patient 1, a 39-year-old female, had symptoms of cough and sore throat and was admitted to San Lazaro Hospital in Manila on January 25. Physical examination was unremarkable. Influenza B, human coronavirus 229E, Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae were detected by PCR on initial nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal (NPS/OPS) swabs. On January 30, SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA was reported to be detected by PCR on the initial swabs and she was identified as the first confirmed COVID-19 case in the Philippines. Her symptoms resolved, and she was discharged. Patient 2, a 44-year-old male, had symptoms of fever, cough, and chills. Influenza B and Streptococcus pneumoniae were detected by PCR on initial NPS/OPS swabs. He was treated for community-acquired pneumonia with intravenous antibiotics, but his condition deteriorated and he required intubation. On January 31, SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA was reported to be detected by PCR on the initial swabs, and he was identified as the 2nd confirmed COVID-19 infection in the Philippines. On February 1, the patient’s condition deteriorated, and following a cardiac arrest, it was not possible to revive him. He was thus confirmed as the first COVID-19 death outside of China. This case report highlights several important clinical and public health issues. Despite both patients being young adults with no significant past medical history, they had very different clinical courses, illustrating how COVID-19 can present with a wide spectrum of disease. As of March 1, there have been three confirmed COVID-19 cases in the Philippines. Continued vigilance is required to identify new cases.
JO  - Tropical Medicine and Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 48
IS  - 1
PG  - 21-21
SP  - 21
EP  - 21
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s41182-020-00203-0
UR  - https://tropmedhealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s41182-020-00203-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Call to Action for Public Health Nurses During the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Edmunds, Joyce K.
AU  - Kneipp, Shawn M.
AU  - Campbell, Lisa
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Public health nurses (PHNs) are on the frontline of the public health crisis the world now knows as the COVID-19 pandemic. They serve on mobile strike teams investigating case-contacts, deliver education on self-isolation and quarantine through hotlines and home visits, and interpret the rapidly shifting guidance from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). They are reliable and proven responders during infectious disease emergencies, providing safe, effective, and nondiscriminatory care to the communities in which they serve.
JO  - Public health nursing (Boston, Mass.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/phn.12733
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - An emergent clade of SARS-CoV-2 linked to returned travellers from Iran
AU  - Eden, John-Sebastian
AU  - Rockett, Rebecca
AU  - Carter, Ian
AU  - Rahman, Hossinur
AU  - de Ligt, Joep
AU  - Hadfield, James
AU  - Storey, Matthew
AU  - Ren, Xiaoyun
AU  - Tulloch, Rachel
AU  - Basile, Kerri
AU  - Wells, Jessica
AU  - Byun, Roy
AU  - Gilroy, Nicky
AU  - O’Sullivan, Matthew V.
AU  - Sintchenko, Vitali
AU  - Chen, Sharon C.
AU  - Maddocks, Susan
AU  - Sorrell, Tania C.
AU  - Holmes, Edward C.
AU  - Dwyer, Dominic E.
AU  - Kok, Jen
AU  - Donovan, Linda
AU  - Kumar, Shanil
AU  - Tran, Tyna
AU  - Ko, Danny
AU  - Ngo, Christine
AU  - Sivaruban, Tharshini
AU  - Timms, Verlaine
AU  - Lam, Connie
AU  - Gall, Mailie
AU  - Gray, Karen-Ann
AU  - Sadsad, Rosemarie
AU  - Arnott, Alicia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>The SARS-CoV-2 epidemic has rapidly spread outside China with major outbreaks occurring in Italy, South Korea, and Iran. Phylogenetic analyses of whole-genome sequencing data identified a distinct SARS-CoV-2 clade linked to travellers returning from Iran to Australia and New Zealand. This study highlights potential viral diversity driving the epidemic in Iran, and underscores the power of rapid genome sequencing and public data sharing to improve the detection and management of emerging infectious diseases.</p>
JO  - Virus Evolution
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 6
IS  - 1
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/ve/veaa027
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/ve/article/doi/10.1093/ve/veaa027/5818738
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Interim Guidance for Basic and Advanced Life Support in Adults, Children, and Neonates With Suspected or Confirmed COVID-19: From the Emergency Cardiovascular Care Committee and Get With the Guidelines(®)-Resuscitation Adult and Pediatric Task Forces of
AU  - Edelson, Dana P.
AU  - Sasson, Comilla
AU  - Chan, Paul S.
AU  - Atkins, Dianne L.
AU  - Aziz, Khalid
AU  - Becker, Lance B.
AU  - Berg, Robert A.
AU  - Bradley, Steven M.
AU  - Brooks, Steven C.
AU  - Cheng, Adam
AU  - Escobedo, Marilyn
AU  - Flores, Gustavo E.
AU  - Girotra, Saket
AU  - Hsu, Antony
AU  - Kamath-Rayne, Beena D.
AU  - Lee, Henry C.
AU  - Lehotzky, Rebecca E.
AU  - Mancini, Mary E.
AU  - Merchant, Raina M.
AU  - Nadkarni, Vinay M.
AU  - Panchal, Ashish R.
AU  - Peberdy, Mary Ann R.
AU  - Raymond, Tia T.
AU  - Walsh, Brian
AU  - Wang, David S.
AU  - Zelop, Carolyn M.
AU  - Topjian, Alexis
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - N/A.
JO  - Circulation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.047463
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: Initial experience of an international group of hand surgeons
AU  - Ducournau, F.
AU  - Arianni, M.
AU  - Awwad, S.
AU  - Baur, E. M.
AU  - Beaulieu, J. Y.
AU  - Bouloudhnine, M.
AU  - Caloia, M.
AU  - Chagar, K.
AU  - Chen, Z.
AU  - Chin, A. Y.
AU  - Chow, E. C.
AU  - Cobb, T.
AU  - David, Y.
AU  - Delgado, P. J.
AU  - Woon Man Fok, M.
AU  - French, R.
AU  - Golubev, I.
AU  - Haugstvedt, J. R.
AU  - Ichihara, E.
AU  - Jorquera, R. A.
AU  - Koo, S. C. J. J.
AU  - Lee, J. Y.
AU  - Lee, Y. K.
AU  - Lee, Y. J.
AU  - Liu, B.
AU  - Kaleli, T.
AU  - Mantovani, G. R.
AU  - Mathoulin, C.
AU  - Messina, J. C.
AU  - Muccioli, C.
AU  - Nazerani, S.
AU  - Ng, C. Y.
AU  - Obdeijn, M. C.
AU  - Van Overstraeten, L.
AU  - Prasetyono, T. O. H.
AU  - Ross, M.
AU  - Shih, J. T.
AU  - Smith, N.
AU  - Suarez, R. F. A.
AU  - Chan, P. T.
AU  - Tiemdjo, H.
AU  - Wahegaonkar, A.
AU  - Wells, M. C.
AU  - Wong, W. Y.
AU  - Wu, F.
AU  - Yang, X. F.
AU  - Yanni, D.
AU  - Yao, J.
AU  - Liverneaux, P. A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic has severely affected medical treatment protocols throughout the world. While the pandemic does not affect hand surgeons at first glance, they have a role to play. The purpose of this study was to describe the different measures that have been put in place in response to the COVID-19 pandemic by hand surgeons throughout the world. The survey comprised 47 surgeons working in 34 countries who responded to an online questionnaire. We found that the protocols varied in terms of visitors, health professionals in the operating room, patient waiting areas, wards and emergency rooms. Based on these preliminary findings, an international consensus on hand surgery practices for the current viral pandemic, and future ones, needs to be built rapidly.
JO  - Hand surgery & rehabilitation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.hansur.2020.04.001
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Duration for Carrying SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 Patients
AU  - Du, Xinwei
AU  - Yu, Xue
AU  - Li, Qingqing
AU  - Li, Xianyang
AU  - Qin, Tao
AU  - Luo, Qiankun
AU  - Wang, Miaomiao
AU  - Jiang, Minlin
AU  - Bai, Li
AU  - Wang, Xiaoping
AU  - Pan, Yanfeng
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - From January 20, 2020 to March 1, 2020, inpatients with a specific SARS-CoV-2 epidemiological history and a positive SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid test were collected in this retrospective study in Henan province. We compared the durations for carrying virus SARS-CoV-2 in different ages, gender, disease condition. The duration for SARS-CoV-2 carrying was defined as the time from a close contact with the source of infection to the last positive test for COVID-19 virus. Cases in this study were also divided into severe group and non-severe group to study. The definitions of severe group (including critically ill) and group of the non-severe type were in Table 1.
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.053
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.053
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Predictors of Mortality for Patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia Caused by SARS-CoV-2: A Prospective Cohort Study
AU  - Du, Rong-Hui
AU  - Liang, Li-Rong
AU  - Yang, Cheng-Qing
AU  - Wang, Wen
AU  - Cao, Tan-Ze
AU  - Li, Ming
AU  - Guo, Guang-Yun
AU  - Du, Juan
AU  - Zheng, Chun-Lan
AU  - Zhu, Qi
AU  - Hu, Ming
AU  - Li, Xu-Yan
AU  - Peng, Peng
AU  - Shi, Huan-Zhong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - To identify factors associated with the death for patients with COVID-19 pneumonia caused by a novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2.All clinical and laboratory parameters were collected prospectively from a cohort of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia who were hospitalised to Wuhan Pulmonary Hospital, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China, between December 25, 2019 and February 7, 2020. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was performed to investigate the relationship between each variable and the risk for death of COVID-19 pneumonia patients.A total of 179 patients with COVID-19 pneumonia (97 male and 82 female) were included in the present prospective study, of whom 21 died. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age ≥65 years (odd ratio, 3.765; 95% confidence interval, 1.146‒17.394; p=0.023), preexisting concurrent cardiovascular or cerebrovascular diseases (2.464; 0.755‒8.044; p=0.007), CD3+CD8+ T cells ≤75 cell·μL-1 (3.982; 1.132‒14.006; p<0.001), and cardiac troponin I≥0.05 ng·mL-1 (4.077; 1.166‒14.253; p<0.001) were associated with an increase in risk of mortality of COVID-19 pneumonia. In the sex‒, age‒, and comorbid illness-matched case study, CD3+CD8+ T cells ≤75 cell·μL-1 and cardiac troponin I≥0.05 ng·mL-1 remained to be the predictors for high mortality of COVID-19 pneumonia.We identified four risk factors, age ≥65 years, preexisting concurrent cardiovascular or cerebrovascular diseases, CD3+CD8+ T cells ≤75 cell·μL-1, and cardiac troponin I≥0.05 ng·mL-1, especially the latter two factors, were predictors for mortality of COVID-19 pneumonia patients.
JO  - The European respiratory journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1183/13993003.00524-2020
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32269088
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - What aerosol physics tells us about airborne pathogen transmission
AU  - Drossinos, Yannis
AU  - Stilianakis, Nikolaos I.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Aerosol Science and Technology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-5
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/02786826.2020.1751055
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2020.1751055
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Echo in Pandemic: Front Line Perspective, Expanding Role of Ultrasound and Ethics of Resource Allocation
AU  - Drake, Daniel H.
AU  - De Bonis, Michele
AU  - Covella, Michele
AU  - Agricola, Eustachio
AU  - Zangrillo, Alberto
AU  - Zimmerman, Karen G.
AU  - Cobey, Frederick C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The grave clinical context of the pandemic must be understood. Italy is immersed in COVID-19. Most of the world will soon follow. The United States currently has the most documented cases of COVID-19 of any nation. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) associated acute cardiomyopathy is common in critical care patients and is associated with a high mortality. COVID-19 patients frequently require mechanical support for adequate oxygenation. A severe shortfall of ventilators is predicted. Of equal concern is the projected shortage of trained professionals required to care for patients on mechanical ventilation. Ultrasonography is proving to be a valuable tool for identifying the pulmonary manifestations and progression of COVID-19. Lung ultrasound also facilitates successful weaning from mechanical ventilation. Ultrasonography of the lung, pleura and diaphragm are easily mastered by experienced echocardiographers. Echocardiography has an established role for optimal fluid management and recognition of cardiac disease including SARS-CoV-2 associated acute cardiomyopathy. Cardiologists, anesthesiologists, sonographers, and all providers should be prepared to commit their full spectrum of skills to mitigate the consequences of the pandemic. We should also be prepared to collaborate and cross-train to expand professional services as necessary. During a declared health care crisis, providers must be familiar with the ethical principles, organizational structure, practical application, and gravity of limited resource allocation.
JO  - Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.echo.2020.04.007
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0894731720302182
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Timely insights into the treatment of social disconnection in lonely, homebound older adults
AU  - Donovan, Nancy J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jagp.2020.04.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1064748120302864
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Adalimumab for Treatment of Hidradenitis Suppurativa During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Safety Considerations
AU  - Blaszczak, Alecia
AU  - Trinidad, John C. L.
AU  - Cartron, Alexander M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2020.04.030
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S019096222030606X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19
AU  - Blake Oberfeld, Adi Achanta Kendall Carpenter Pamela Chen Nicole Gilette
AU  - Pinky Langat, Jordan Said Abigail Schiff Allen Zhou Amy Barczak Shiv Pillai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a novel respiratory illness caused by SARS-CoV-2. Viral entry is mediated through viral spike protein and host ACE2 enzyme interaction. Most cases are mild; severe disease often involves cytokine storm and organ failure. Therapeutics including antivirals, immunomodulators, and vaccines are in development
JO  - Cell Press
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
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AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Need of Research Initiatives Amidst and After the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Message from the Editors of the European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery
AU  - Björck, Martin
AU  - Boyle, Jonathan R.
AU  - Dick, Florian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejvs.2020.04.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1078588420303245
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Emergence of Novel Coronavirus and COVID-19: whether to stay or die out?
AU  - Biswas, Asim
AU  - Bhattacharjee, Uttaran
AU  - Chakrabarti, Alok Kumar
AU  - Tewari, Devendra Nath
AU  - Banu, Hasina
AU  - Dutta, Shanta
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The last century has witnessed several assaults from RNA viruses, resulting in millions of death throughout the world. The 21st century appears no longer an exception, with the trend continued with escalated fear of SARS coronavirus in 2002 and further concern of influenza H5N1 in 2003. A novel influenza virus created the first pandemic of the 21st century, the pandemic flu in 2009 preceded with the emergence of another deadly virus, MERS-CoV in 2012. A novel coronavirus “SARS-CoV-2” (and the disease COVID-19) emerged suddenly, causing a rapid outbreak with a moderate case fatality rate. This virus is continuing to cause health care providers grave concern due to the lack of any existing immunity in the human population, indicating their novelty and lack of previous exposure. The big question is whether this novel virus will be establishing itself in an endemic form or will it eventually die out? Endemic viruses during circulation may acquire mutations to infect naïve, as well as individual with pre-existing immunity. Continuous monitoring is strongly advisable, not only to the newly infected individuals, but also to those recovered individuals who were infected by SARS-CoV-2 as re-infection may lead to the selection of escape mutants and subsequent dissemination to the population.
JO  - Critical Reviews in Microbiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-12
SP  - 1
EP  - 12
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/1040841X.2020.1739001
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/1040841X.2020.1739001
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Ethical Rationing of Personal Protective Equipment to Minimize Moral Residue During the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Binkley, Charles E.
AU  - Kemp, David S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This paper proposes systems for the fair distribution of scarce resources to healthcare providers. It builds on classic ethical structures and adapts them to the equitable distribution of personal protective equipment (PPE) to clinicians at risk of contracting COVID-19. The paper also defines systems of allocation that are generally considered unethical and are to be avoided. We emphasize that policies must be transparent, collaborative, applied equally, and have a system of accountability. It is recognized that unless the supply of PPE is quickly replenished, or viable alternatives to traditional equipment are devised in the coming days to weeks, hospitals and healthcare systems will face the difficult task of rationing PPE to at risk clinicians. This paper suggests an ethical framework for that process.
JO  - Journal of the American College of Surgeons
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2020.03.031
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Statins in coronavirus outbreak: it’s time for experimental and clinical studies
AU  - Bifulco, Maurizio
AU  - Gazzerro, Patrizia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Pharmacological Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 104803-104803
SP  - 104803
EP  - 104803
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104803
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1043661820311117
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in long-term liver transplant patients: preliminary experience from an Italian transplant centre in Lombardy
AU  - Bhoori, Sherrie
AU  - Rossi, Roberta Elisa
AU  - Citterio, Davide
AU  - Mazzaferro, Vincenzo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a public health emergency and a pandemic of international concern.1 Italy has witnessed, in the past month, an unexpectedly high rate of infection, with more than 100 000 patients testing positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and a case-fatality rate close to 10% (as of March 31, 2020)2 and therefore faces a worse scenario than in China, where the disease was first reported. Data on COVID-19 in liver transplant patients are scarce. We report the experience in our transplant centre, in the midst of the current outbreak in Lombardy, Italy (10 million inhabitants; 25 124 ascertained infections, and 7199 virus-related deaths as of March 31, 2020).2 Three of our 111 long-term liver transplant survivors (transplanted more than 10 years ago) have died in the past 3 weeks (between March 5 and March 18) following severe COVID-19 disease. All three were male, older than 65 years, receiving antihypertensive drugs, overweight (BMI >28 kg/m2), with hyperlipidaemia, and diabetes (median HbA1c of 6·9%). The post-transplant course had been uneventful for all three patients, and their immunosuppressive regimen had been gradually tapered off, with very low trough concentrations of calcineurin inhibitors (two patients receiving ciclosporin [28 and 35 ng/mL, respectively] and one receiving tacrolimus [2·1 ng/mL]). All three patients died after admission to hospital for community-acquired pneumonia, and were in need of supplementary oxygen at admission but rapidly developed severe respiratory distress syndrome that required mechanical ventilation. The patients died between 3 and 12 days after the onset of pneumonia; all three patients had tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 by nasopharyngeal swabs. By contrast, three of our 40 recently transplanted (ie, within the past 2 years) patients have tested SARS-CoV-2 positive, and although quarantined, are all experiencing an uneventful course of disease.[tRUN CATED]
JO  - The lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2468-1253(20)30116-3
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Additional Clinical Pharmacists Roles During COVID-19
AU  - Bhat, Shuba
AU  - Kehasse, Amanuel
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JACCP: JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CLINICAL PHARMACY
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jac5.1243
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jac5.1243
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chest imaging in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 infection - a case series
AU  - Bhat, Roopa
AU  - Hamid, Aws
AU  - Kunin, Jeffrey R.
AU  - Saboo, Sachin S.
AU  - Batra, Kiran
AU  - Baruah, Dhiraj
AU  - Bhat, Ambarish P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 (Corona Virus Disease-19) is a zoonotic illness first reported in the city of Wuhan, China in December 2019, and is now officially a global pandemic as declared by the World Health Organization (WHO). The infection is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). COVID-19 infected patients can be asymptomatic carriers or present with mild to severe respiratory symptoms. Imaging, including Computed Tomography (CT) is not recommended to screen/diagnose COVID-19 infections, but plays an important role in management of these patients, and to rule out alternative diagnoses or coexistent diseases. In our multicenter case series, we outline the clinical presentations and illustrate the most common imaging manifestations in patients hospitalized with COVID-19.
JO  - Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1067/j.cpradiol.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0363018820300554
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Exploring Personal Protection During High-Risk PCI in a COVID-19 Patient: Impella CP Mechanical Support During ULMCA Bifurcation Stenting
AU  - Bettari, Luca
AU  - Pero, Gaetano
AU  - Maiandi, Cristian
AU  - Messina, Antonio
AU  - Saccocci, Matteo
AU  - Cirillo, Marco
AU  - Troise, Giovanni
AU  - Conti, Elena
AU  - Cuccia, Claudio
AU  - Maffeo, Diego
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The correct management of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 and acute coronary syndrome is still uncertain. We describe the percutaneous treatment of an unprotected left main coronary artery in a patient who is positive for coronavirus disease 2019 with unstable angina, dyspnea and fever. Particular attention will be dedicated to the measures adopted in the catheterization laboratory to protect the staff and to avoid further spread of the infection. (Level of Difficulty: Intermediate.)
JO  - JACC: Case Reports
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaccas.2020.03.006
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666084920303211
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The hearth of mathematical and statistical modelling during the Coronavirus pandemic
AU  - Bertolaccini, Luca
AU  - Spaggiari, Lorenzo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Interactive cardiovascular and thoracic surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/icvts/ivaa076
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Evolutionary analysis of SARS-CoV-2: how mutation of Non-Structural Protein 6 (NSP6) could affect viral autophagy
AU  - Benvenuto, Domenico
AU  - Angeletti, Silvia
AU  - Giovanetti, Marta
AU  - Bianchi, Martina
AU  - Pascarella, Stefano
AU  - Cauda, Roberto
AU  - Ciccozzi, Massimo
AU  - Cassone, Antonio
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - BackgroundSARS-CoV-2 is a new coronavirus that has spread globally, infecting more than 150000 people, and being declared pandemic by the WHO. We provide here bio-informatic, evolutionary analysis of 351 available sequences of its genome with the aim of mapping genome structural variations and the patterns of selection.
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.058
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.058
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - ST-segment Elevation, Myocardial Injury, and Suspected or Confirmed COVID-19 Patients: Diagnostic and Treatment Uncertainties
AU  - Bennett, Courtney E.
AU  - Anavekar, Nandan S.
AU  - Gulati, Rajiv
AU  - Singh, Mandeep
AU  - Kane, Garvan C.
AU  - Sandoval, Yader
AU  - Foley, Thomas A.
AU  - Jaffe, Allan S.
AU  - Sandhu, Gurpreet S.
AU  - Bell, Malcolm R.
AU  - Askew, J. Wells
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Mayo Clinic Proceedings
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mayocp.2020.04.005
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025619620303669
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Good IgA bad IgG in SARS-CoV-2 infection?
AU  - Béné, Marie C.
AU  - de Carvalho, Marcelo
AU  - Eveillard, Marion
AU  - Lebri, Yannick
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa426
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Off-label prescribing in the midst of a pandemic: The case of hydroxychloroquine
AU  - Bell, J. Simon
AU  - Bell, John A.
AU  - Creek, Darren J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - There is currently no robust evidence to support prescribing hydroxychloroquine as a treatment or prophylaxis for COVID-19.
JO  - Australian journal of general practice
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 49
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.31128/AJGP-COVID-06
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pulmonary Therapy 2020 Update and Podcast: Meet the Journal’s Editors-in-Chief
AU  - Beeh, Kai-Michael
AU  - Dhand, Rajiv
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The Editors-in-Chief of Pulmonary Therapy have prepared podcasts summarizing their current research, recent highlights from the field, and future predictions. Audio-only versions and the transcripts can be downloaded here: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.11938863. Following this is a written summary of the journal’s recent developments and the transcripts from the podcasts.
JO  - Pulmonary Therapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-7
SP  - 1
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s41030-020-00114-9
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s41030-020-00114-9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Abortion during the Covid-19 Pandemic - Ensuring Access to an Essential Health Service
AU  - Bayefsky, Michelle J.
AU  - Bartz, Deborah
AU  - Watson, Katie L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The New England journal of medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMp2008006
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Bold Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic: Medical Students, National Service, and Public Health
AU  - Bauchner, Howard
AU  - Sharfstein, Joshua
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Jama
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.6166
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32267488
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Telemedicine and the COVID-19 Pandemic, Lessons for the Future
AU  - Bashshur, Rashid
AU  - Doarn, Charles R.
AU  - Frenk, Julio M.
AU  - Kvedar, Joseph C.
AU  - Woolliscroft, James O.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Telemedicine journal and e-health : the official journal of the American Telemedicine Association
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1089/tmj.2020.29040.rb
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Autopsies, Oklahoma, USA
AU  - Barton, Lisa M.
AU  - Duval, Eric J.
AU  - Stroberg, Edana
AU  - Ghosh, Subha
AU  - Mukhopadhyay, Sanjay
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVES: To report the methods and findings of two complete autopsies of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) positive individuals who died in Oklahoma (United States) in March 2020. METHODS: Complete postmortem examinations were performed according to standard procedures in a negative-pressure autopsy suite/isolation room using personal protective equipment, including N95 masks, eye protection, and gowns. The diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was confirmed by real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction testing on postmortem swabs. RESULTS: A 77-year-old obese man with a history of hypertension, splenectomy, and 6 days of fever and chills died while being transported for medical care. He tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 on postmortem nasopharyngeal and lung parenchymal swabs. Autopsy revealed diffuse alveolar damage and chronic inflammation and edema in the bronchial mucosa. A 42-year-old obese man with a history of myotonic dystrophy developed abdominal pain followed by fever, shortness of breath, and cough. Postmortem nasopharyngeal swab was positive for SARS-CoV-2; lung parenchymal swabs were negative. Autopsy showed acute bronchopneumonia with evidence of aspiration. Neither autopsy revealed viral inclusions, mucus plugging in airways, eosinophils, or myocarditis. CONCLUSIONS: SARS-CoV-2 testing can be performed at autopsy. Autopsy findings such as diffuse alveolar damage and airway inflammation reflect true virus-related pathology; other findings represent superimposed or unrelated processes.
JO  - American journal of clinical pathology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/ajcp/aqaa062
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Threatening drug-drug interaction in a kidney transplant patient with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
AU  - Bartiromo, Marilù
AU  - Borchi, Beatrice
AU  - Botta, Annarita
AU  - Bagalà, Alfredo
AU  - Lugli, Gianmarco
AU  - Tilli, Marta
AU  - Cavallo, Annalisa
AU  - Xhaferi, Brunilda
AU  - Cutruzzulà, Roberta
AU  - Vaglio, Augusto
AU  - Bresci, Silvia
AU  - Larti, Aida
AU  - Bartoloni, Alessandro
AU  - Cirami, Calogero
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - During the novel coronavirus pandemic, organ transplant recipients represent a frail susceptible category due to long-term immunosuppressive therapy. For this reason, clinical manifestations may differ from general population and different treatment approaches may be needed. We present the case of a 36-year-old kidney transplanted woman affected by Senior-Loken syndrome diagnosed with COVID-19 pneumonia after a contact with her positive mother. Initial symptoms were fatigue, dry cough and coryza; she never had fever nor oxygen supplementation. Hydroxychloroquine and lopinavir/ritonavir were started, and the antiviral drug was replaced with darunavir/cobicistat after two days for diarrhea. Immunosuppressant levels were closely monitored, and we observed very high tacrolimus trough levels despite initial dose reduction. The patient was left with steroid therapy alone. The peculiarity of clinical presentation and the management difficulties represent the flagship of our case-report. We stress the need for guidelines in transplant recipients with COVID-19 infection with particular regard to the management of therapy.
JO  - Transplant infectious disease : an official journal of the Transplantation Society
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/tid.13286
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coping with COVID-19: scaling up virtual care to standard practice
AU  - Barsom, Esther Z.
AU  - Feenstra, Tim M.
AU  - Bemelman, Willem A.
AU  - Bonjer, Jaap H.
AU  - Schijven, Marlies P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since the outbreak of SARS CoV-2 and the associated disease, COVID-19, in December of 2019, the effects of the virus have manifested globally. Transmission of the virus is significantly decreased by appropriate social distancing. Fast-tracking the implementation of video consultation to replace physical appointments with virtual care is a strategy that should not be overlooked1. The use of real-time video connections maintains important aspects of communication, including visual aspects, without risking physical interaction. Provision of healthcare can be preserved for infected individuals and non-infected individuals scheduled for appointments not related to COVID-19 (ref. 2). Additionally, a feeling of safety for both healthcare providers and patients can be provided to reduce the psychosocial effects of fear and anxiety.
JO  - Nature Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41591-020-0845-0
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-020-0845-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Capacity in the time of Coronavirus
AU  - Barrister, Alex Ruck Keene
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In the course of a few short weeks, many of the established legal frameworks relating to decision-making in England & Wales in respect of those with impaired decision-making capacity have been ripped up, or apparently rendered all but unusable. Although the Mental Capacity Act 2005 itself was not amended, the impact of other legislation (especially the Coronavirus Act 2020) means that duties towards those with impaired decision-making capacity have been radically changed. This article reflects the experience of a practising barrister in England & Wales grappling with the impact of COVID-19 upon the Mental Capacity Act 2005 across a range of fields in the weeks after the world appeared to change in mid-March 2020.
JO  - International Journal of Law and Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101560-101560
SP  - 101560
EP  - 101560
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijlp.2020.101560
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160252720300194
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Burn center function during the COVID-19 pandemic: An international multi-center report of strategy and experience
AU  - Barret, Juan P.
AU  - Chong, Si Jack
AU  - Depetris, Nadia
AU  - Fisher, Mark D.
AU  - Luo, Gaoxing
AU  - Moiemen, Naiem
AU  - Pham, Tam
AU  - Qiao, Liang
AU  - Wibbenmeyer, Lucy
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus, SARS-CO V2 responsible for COVID-19 pandemic is rapidly escalating across the globe. Burn centers gearing for the pandemic must strike a balance between contributing to the pandemic response and preserving ongoing burn care in a safe and ethical fashion. The authors of the present communication represent seven burn centers from China, Singapore, Japan, Italy, Spain, the United Kingdom (UK), and the United States (US). Each center is located at a different point along the pandemic curve and serves different patient populations within their healthcare systems. We review our experience with the virus to date, our strategic approach to burn center function under these circumstances, and lessons learned. The purpose of this communication is to share experiences that will assist with continued preparations to help burn centers advocate for optimum burn care and overcome challenges as this pandemic continues.
JO  - Burns
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burns.2020.04.003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305417920302746
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Editorial – COVID-19
AU  - Barret, John
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - British Journal of Haematology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 189
IS  - 2
PG  - 207-207
SP  - 207
EP  - 207
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/bjh.16678
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/bjh.16678
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-Cov-2 in Spanish Intensive Care: Early Experience with 15-day Survival In Vitoria
AU  - Barrasa, Helena
AU  - Rello, Jordi
AU  - Tejada, Sofia
AU  - Martín, Alejandro
AU  - Balziskueta, Goiatz
AU  - Vinuesa, Cristina
AU  - Fernández-Miret, Borja
AU  - Villagra, Ana
AU  - Vallejo, Ana
AU  - Sebastián, Ana San
AU  - Cabañes, Sara
AU  - Iribarren, Sebastián
AU  - Fonseca, Fernando
AU  - Maynar, Javier
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - PURPOSE: Community transmission of SARS-CoV-2 was detected in Spain in February 2020, with 216% intensive care unit (ICU) capacity expanded in Vitoria by March 18(th), 2020. METHODS: We identified patients from the two public hospitals in Vitoria who were admitted to ICU with confirmed infection by SARS-CoV-2. Data reported here were available in March 31th, 2020. Mortality was assessed in those who completed 7-days of ICU stay. RESULTS: We identified 48 patients (27 males) with confirmed SARS-CoV-2. Median [interquartile range (IQR)] age of patients was 63 [51-75] years. Symptoms began a median of 7 [5-12] days before ICU admission. The most common comorbidities identified were obesity (n = 48%), arterial hypertension (n = 44%) and chronic lung disease (n = 37%). All patients were admitted by hypoxemic respiratory failure and none received non-invasive mechanical ventilation. Forty-five (94%) underwent intubation, 3 HFNT, 1 (2%) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and 22 (49%) required prone position. After 15 days, 14/45 (31%) intubated patients died (13% within one week), 10 (22%) were extubated, and 21/45 (47%) underwent mechanical ventilation. Six patients had documented co-infection. Procalcitonin plasma above 0.5 µg/L was associated with 16% vs. 19% (p = 0.78) risk of death after 7 days. CONCLUSION: This early experience with SARS-CoV-2 in Spain suggests that a strategy of right oxygenation avoiding non-invasive mechanical ventilation was life-saving. Seven-day mortality in SARS-CoV-2 requiring intubation was lower than 15%, with 80% of patients still requiring mechanical ventilation. After 15 days of ICU admission, half of patients remained intubated, whereas one third died.
JO  - Anaesthesia, critical care & pain medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.accpm.2020.04.001
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Sentiment Analysis of Nationwide Lockdown due to COVID 19 Outbreak: Evidence from India
AU  - Barkur, Gopalkrishna
AU  - Vibha
AU  - Kamath, Giridhar B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Asian Journal of Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 102089-102089
SP  - 102089
EP  - 102089
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102089
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876201820302008
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Specific Considerations for Pediatric, Fetal, and Congenital Heart Disease Patients and Echocardiography Service Providers During the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Outbreak: Council on Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease Supplement to the Statement of the Ame
AU  - Barker, Piers C. A.
AU  - Lewin, Mark B.
AU  - Donofrio, Mary T.
AU  - Altman, Carolyn A.
AU  - Ensing, Gregory J.
AU  - Arya, Bhawna
AU  - Swaminathan, Madhav
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.echo.2020.04.005
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0894731720302169
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: community CPAP and NIV should be stopped unless medically necessary to support life
AU  - Barker, Joseph
AU  - Oyefeso, Oluwatobiloba
AU  - Koeckerling, David
AU  - Mudalige, Nadeesha Lakmal
AU  - Pan, Daniel
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Thorax
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2020-214890
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Secretome for Severe COVID-19 Infections: Premises for the Therapeutic Use
AU  - Bari, Elia
AU  - Ferrarotti, Ilaria
AU  - Saracino, Laura
AU  - Perteghella, Sara
AU  - Torre, Maria Luisa
AU  - Corsico, Angelo Guido
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>From the end of 2019, the world population has been faced the spread of the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 responsible for COVID-19 infection. In approximately 14% of the patients affected by the novel coronavirus, the infection progresses with the development of pneumonia that requires mechanical ventilation. At the moment, there is no specific antiviral treatment recommended for the COVID-19 pandemic and the therapeutic strategies to deal with the infection are only supportive. In our opinion, mesenchymal stem cell secretome could offer a new therapeutic approach in treating COVID-19 pneumonia, due to the broad pharmacological effects it shows, including anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, regenerative, pro-angiogenic and anti-fibrotic properties.</p>
JO  - Cells
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 4
PG  - 924-924
SP  - 924
EP  - 924
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/cells9040924
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/4/924
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Case report of chloroquine therapy and hypoglycaemia in type 1 diabetes: What should we have in mind during the COVID-19 pandemic?
AU  - Baretić, Maja
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A type 1 diabetes patient experienced remission associated with chloroquine therapy while travelling to a malaria-endemic area. Chloroquine has immunomodulatory and hypoglycaemic effects and may become more frequently used due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Patients with type 1 diabetes treated with chloroquine should be monitored for hypoglycaemia, even after recovery.
JO  - Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.04.014
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1871402120300795
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Impact of Coronavirus (COVID-19) on Otolaryngologic Surgery: A Brief Commentary
AU  - Bann, Darrin V.
AU  - Patel, Vijay A.
AU  - Saadi, Robert
AU  - Gniady, John P.
AU  - Goyal, Neerav
AU  - McGinn, Johnathan D.
AU  - Goldenberg, David
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND The Coronavirus disease - 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is a global health crisis and Otolaryngologists are at increased occupational risk of contracting COVID-19. There are currently no uniform best-practice recommendations for Otolaryngologic surgery in the setting of COVID-19. METHODS We reviewed relevant publications and position statements regarding the management of Otolaryngology patients in the setting of COVID-19. Recommendations regarding clinical practice during the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) outbreaks were also reviewed. RESULTS Enhanced personal protective equipment (N95 respirator and face shield or powered air-purifying respirator, disposable cap and gown, gloves) is required for any Otolaryngology patient with unknown, suspected, or positive COVID-19 status. Elective procedures should be postponed indefinitely, and clinical practice should be limited to patients with urgent or emergent needs. CONCLUSION We summarize current best-practice recommendations for Otolaryngologists to ensure safety for themselves, their clinical staff, and their patients. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Head & neck
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/hed.26162
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32270565
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Diabetes self-management amid COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Banerjee, Mainak
AU  - Chakraborty, Soumen
AU  - Pal, Rimesh
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background and aims COVID-19 pandemic has challenged the physician-centered approach of diabetes care in India that is primarily based on routine clinic visits. We aim to review the various aspects of patient-centered care via diabetes self-management education based on available literature. Methods This is a narrative review using Pubmed, EMBASE and Google Scholar search till March 29, 2020. Search terms were “COVID-19”, “diabetes self-care”, “diabetes self-management education”, “DSME”, “diabetes self-management in India”, “diabetes self-care in India” and “DSME in India”. Results We have discussed an educational plan on diabetes self-management that can be adopted for people with diabetes mellitus in our country amid the ongoing pandemic. We have also identified the barriers to diabetes self-management in the current scenario and suggested possible solutions to overcome those. Conclusions We have reemphasized the need for a simultaneous patient-centered approach in routine diabetes care that has to be coordinated by a multidisciplinary team amid the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
JO  - Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.04.013
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1871402120300783
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The other side of COVID-19: Impact on Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) and Hoarding
AU  - Banerjee, Dr Debanjan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Psychiatry Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 112966-112966
SP  - 112966
EP  - 112966
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112966
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165178120306958
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Maxillofacial surgery and COVID-19, The Pandemic !!
AU  - Bali, Rishi Kumar
AU  - Chaudhry, Kirti
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12663-020-01361-8
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12663-020-01361-8
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) in Children - What We Know So Far and What We Do Not?
AU  - Balasubramanian, S.
AU  - Rao, Neha Mohan
AU  - Goenka, Anu
AU  - Roderick, Marion
AU  - Ramanan, Athimalaipet V.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Pediatric coronavirus disease - 19 (COVID-19) infection is relatively mild when compared to adults, and children are reported to have a better prognosis. Mortality in children appears rare. Clinical features of COVID-19 in children include fever and cough, but a large proportion of infected children appears to be asymptomatic and may contribute to transmission. It remains unclear why children and young adults are less severely affected than older individuals, but this might involve differences in immune system function in the elderly and/or differences in the expression/function of the cellular receptor for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) - Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Laboratory findings and chest imaging may not be specific in children with COVID-19. Diagnosis is by Reverse transcriptase-Polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing of upper or lower respiratory tract secretions. This review additionally considers COVID-19 in immunosuppressed children, and also suggests a management algorithm for the few children who appear to present with life threatening infection, including the potential use of antiviral and immunomodulatory treatment. The most significant threat to global child health from SARS-CoV-2 is unlikely to be related to COVID 19 in children, but rather the socio-economic consequences of a prolonged pandemic.
JO  - Indian pediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Case for continuing community NIV and CPAP during the COVID-19 epidemic
AU  - Baker, Jillian G.
AU  - Sovani, Milind
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Thorax
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2020-214913
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Managing the supportive care needs of those affected by COVID-19
AU  - Bajwah, S.
AU  - Wilcock, A.
AU  - Towers, R.
AU  - Costantini, M.
AU  - Bausewein, C.
AU  - Simon, S. T.
AU  - Bendstrup, E.
AU  - Prentice, W.
AU  - Johnson, M. J.
AU  - Currow, D. C.
AU  - Kreuter, M.
AU  - Wells, A. U.
AU  - Birring, S. S.
AU  - Edmonds, P.
AU  - Higginson, I. J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The European respiratory journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1183/13993003.00815-2020
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32269090
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Compensation de la dose totale en cas d’interruption temporaire de radiothérapie externe dans le contexte de la pandémie de COVID-19: mise au point pratique
AU  - Azria, David
AU  - Hennequin, Christophe
AU  - Giraud, Philippe
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Résumé L’étalement est un facteur important de récidive locale et indirectement d’évolution à distance, notamment en cas de durée de traitement allongée. La pandémie actuelle a un impact sur les patients en cours de radiothérapie qui doivent interrompre leur traitement de manière parfois prolongée du fait de la nécessité de soins respiratoires induits par le COVID-19. Les modèles utilisés de compensation de la dose totale en cas d’interruption prolongée de la radiothérapie sont connus, mais il nous a semblé important de synthétiser afin que chaque oncologue radiothérapeute puisse proposer un traitement le plus optimal possible tant en termes de risque de récidive locale que de protection des tissus sains. L’objectif de ce type de recommandation est d’homogénéiser les pratiques de l’ensemble de la discipline. Overall treatment time is an important factor of local recurrence and indirectly of distant evolution, namely in case of protracted treatments. The current pandemic impacts on the duration of radiotherapy if patients under treatments and synchronously suffering from COVID-19. The models used to compensate the total dose in case of temporary treatment interruption are well known but it is of importance in that pandemic context to update and homogenize clinical practice in order to improve local control without increasing normal tissue complications.
JO  - Cancer/Radiothérapie
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.canrad.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1278321820300962
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 as a psychological contagion: A new Pandora’s box to close?
AU  - Azim, Dua
AU  - kumar, Sohail
AU  - Nasim, Sundus
AU  - Arif, Taha Bin
AU  - Nanjiani, Deedar
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Although isolation, quarantine and proactive social distancing are essential components for successful management of the current pandemic(4), mobility restriction associated with it is a major concern. A recent article by Brooks et al. (5) throws light particularly over the psychological impact of lack of liberty among those quarantined. The uncertainty of the future causes distress to the affected individuals. When coupled with the restriction of social interaction, diminishing financial capital, and the continuous need for attention and treatment, this suffering can make life a living nightmare. Given the significance of mobility issues and financial crisis amid this COVID outbreak, governments, as well as the private sectors, should deal with these issues efficiently by providing necessities to the commoners in the state of quarantine. It is essential that the general population does not succumb to this disease outbreak but stays organized and restricts circulation to their best, and always to the least number of individuals. Internationally,
JO  - Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-6
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/ice.2020.127
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/covid19-as-a-psychological-contagion-a-new-pandoras-box-to-close/25282920096A8635E9E05F167D6B957B
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Insights into the May 2020 Issue of the Journal of Endodontics
AU  - Azarpazhooh, Amir
AU  - Diogenes, Anibal R.
AU  - Fouad, Ashraf F.
AU  - Glickman, Gerald N.
AU  - Kishen, Anil
AU  - Levin, Linda
AU  - Roda, Robert S.
AU  - Sedgley, Christine M.
AU  - Tay, Franklin R.
AU  - Hargreaves, Kenneth M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Endodontics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2020.03.023
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0099239920302338
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Commentary: Challenges for PhD students during COVID-19 pandemic: Turning crisis into an opportunity
AU  - Aydemir, Duygu
AU  - Ulusu, Nuriye N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 results in the suspension of life all over the world. Universities suspended their academic activities except for online courses for undergrad and grad students. However, PhD students in both biochemistry and molecular biology fields must hold their experiments at the laboratories. Even under these extreme circumstances, the academic journey of a master's or PhD student should not be stopped; on contrary, they need to use these times to improve their knowledge related to their fields. Therefore, they can turn this COVID-19 crisis into an opportunity for themselves.
JO  - Biochemistry and molecular biology education : a bimonthly publication of the International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/bmb.21351
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - There is nothing new under the sun: Ageism and intergenerational tension in the age of the COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Ayalon, Liat
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - At the time of this writing, 203 countries and territories have been affected by the COVID-19 outbreak (Worldometer, 2020a). Older adults, in particular, are negatively impacted by this pandemic (Lipsitch et al., 2020). Current estimates suggest that the COVID- 19 mortality rate stands at 15% for those over the age of 80, but 0 for those under the age of 10 (Worldometer, 2020b). Hence, there is no doubt that age poses a major risk for COVID-19 mortality. At the same time, there are incidental reports of centenarians, who recovered from COVID-19 and of younger adults, who have not (Coffey and Oransky, 2020; Lanese and Writer, 2020). Moreover, the prevalence of younger people infected by the virus is higher than that of older adults (Surveillances, 2020). Hence, age alone is likely an insufficient criterion for predicting the direct medical impact of the outbreak. In this commentary, I argue that the portrayal of all older adults as a homogenous, vulnerable group, rather than the use of a more refined discourse, which stresses the heterogeneity inherited in old age and the potential impact of the pandemic on society
JO  - International Psychogeriatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-11
SP  - 1
EP  - 11
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/S1041610220000575
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/there-is-nothing-new-under-the-sun-ageism-and-intergenerational-tension-in-the-age-of-the-covid19-outbreak/E14BB8E757B3861FFB198E8C0CDB38DA
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19, or the triumph of monogamy?
AU  - Aversa, Antonio
AU  - Jannini, Emmanuele A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Minerva endocrinologica
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.23736/s0391-1977.20.03207-1
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Exposes the Cracks in Our Already Fragile Mental Health System
AU  - Auerbach, John
AU  - Miller, Benjamin F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The coronavirus pandemic has caused enormous concern among many people. Every morning, we are met with an increasing deluge of dire news about the most recent number of people to contract COVID-19 and to die from it, decreases in the stock market, and countries implementing broad travel restrictions and stay-at-home orders.(1,2) The current state of affairs is having a negative effect on the mental well-being of our country's residents. It also highlights the policy gaps in our current system that inhibit the vital conditions for well-being and resiliency.(3) Although the primary focus has rightfully been on stopping the spread of COVID-19, we should also quickly prepare to address the mental toll the pandemic is taking on individuals and communities across the country. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print May 21, 2020: e1-e2. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2020.305699).
JO  - American journal of public health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - e1-e2
SP  - e1
EP  - e2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2105/AJPH.2020.305699
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 for the Cardiologist: A Current Review of the Virology, Clinical Epidemiology, Cardiac and Other Clinical Manifestations and Potential Therapeutic Strategies
AU  - Atri, Deepak
AU  - Siddiqi, Hasan K.
AU  - Lang, Joshua
AU  - Nauffal, Victor
AU  - Morrow, David A.
AU  - Bohula, Erin A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Summary The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), a contagious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV2), has reached pandemic status. As it spreads across the world, it has overwhelmed healthcare systems, strangled the global economy and led to a devastating loss of life. Widespread efforts from regulators, clinicians and scientists are driving a rapid expansion of knowledge of the SARS-CoV2 virus and the COVID-19 disease. We review the most current data with a focus on our basic understanding of the mechanism(s) of disease and translation to the clinical syndrome and potential therapeutics. We discuss the basic virology, epidemiology, clinical manifestation, multi-organ consequences, and outcomes. With a focus on cardiovascular complications, we propose several mechanisms of injury. The virology and potential mechanism of injury form the basis for a discussion of potential disease-modifying therapies.
JO  - JACC: Basic to Translational Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacbts.2020.04.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452302X20301571
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - G20 leaders must answer to COVID-19
AU  - Atkinson, Caroline
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Science (New York, N.Y.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 6487
PG  - 111-111
SP  - 111
EP  - 111
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abc1025
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Care of the Pregnant Woman with COVID-19 in Labor and Delivery: Anesthesia, Emergency cesarean delivery, Differential diagnosis in the acutely ill parturient, Care of the newborn, and Protection of the healthcare personnel
AU  - Ashokka, Balakrishnan
AU  - Loh, May-Han
AU  - Tan, Cher Heng
AU  - Su, Lin Lin
AU  - Young, Barnaby Edward
AU  - Lye, David Chien
AU  - Biswas, Arijit
AU  - E Illanes, Sebastian
AU  - Choolani, Mahesh
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2020.04.005
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0002937820304300
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Central nervous system manifestations of COVID-19: A systematic review
AU  - Asadi-Pooya, Ali A.
AU  - Simani, Leila
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective In this systematic review, we will discuss the evidence on the occurrence of central nervous system (CNS) involvement and neurological manifestations in patients with COVID-19. Methods MEDLINE (accessed from PubMed) and Scopus from December 01, 2019 to March 26, 2020 were systematically searched for related published articles. In both electronic databases, the following search strategy was implemented and these key words (in the title/abstract) were used: “COVID 19” OR “coronavirus” AND “brain” OR “CNS” OR “neurologic”. Results Through the search strategy, we could identify two articles about neurological involvement by COVID-19. One of these publications was a narrative review and the other one was a viewpoint. However, the authors scanned the reference lists of the included studies and could identify multiple references. One study, specifically investigated the neurological manifestations of COVID-19 and could document CNS manifestations in 25% of the patients. Most of the studies investigated the manifestations of COVID-19 in general. Conclusion While neurological manifestations of COVID-19 have not been studied appropriately, it is highly likely that some of these patients, particularly those who suffer from a severe illness, have CNS involvement and neurological manifestations. Precise and targeted documentation of neurological symptoms, detailed clinical, neurological, and electrophysiological investigations of the patients, attempts to isolate SARS-CoV-2 from cerebrospinal fluid, and autopsies of the COVID-19 victims may clarify the role played by this virus in causing neurological manifestations.
JO  - Journal of the Neurological Sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 413
IS  - 
PG  - 116832-116832
SP  - 116832
EP  - 116832
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2020.116832
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022510X20301684
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pharmacy Emergency Preparedness and Response (PEPR) framework for expanding pharmacy professionals’ roles and contributions to emergency preparedness and response during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond
AU  - Aruru, Meghana
AU  - Truong, Hoai-An
AU  - Clark, Suzanne
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background Pharmacists have long been involved in public health and emergency preparedness and response (EP&R), including through preventive measures such as screening, vaccinations, testing and pharmaceutical countermeasures, as well as ensuring medication safety and access during natural disasters and pandemics. Pharmacy professionals are considered essential partners in response to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Community and hospital pharmacies are expanding services and hours to provide essential services, putting pharmacists and their co-workers at the frontlines for patient care and safety to improve public health. In addition, pharmacy professionals are increasingly integrating into global, national, state and local EP&R efforts, including into interprofessional teams, such as Medical Reserve Corps (MRCs). However, lacunae exist for further integration of pharmacists into public health and safety initiatives. There are increasing opportunities and recommendations that should be expanded upon to provide improved patient care and population health intervention, and to ensure healthcare worker and public health safety. Objective Develop a Pharmacy Emergency Preparedness and Response (PEPR) Framework and recommendations for pharmacy professional pathways towards full integration within public health EP&R efforts (such as the COVID-19 pandemic), and enhanced recognition of pharmacists’ skills, roles and contributions as integral members of the interprofessional healthcare team. Methods This paper draws on the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP) 2003 Statement on the Role of Health-System Pharmacists in Emergency Preparedness and lessons learned from previous and current public health emergencies, such as the 2009 H1N1 pandemic and the current COVID-19 pandemic, to provide expanded guidance for pharmacists and pharmacy professionals across all practice settings in EP&R. The PEPR framework also incorporates information and recommendations from The Pharmacy Organizations’ Joint Policy Recommendations to Combat the COVID-19 Pandemic (March 2020), CDC-NIOSH, Health Departments and Emergency Preparedness guidance and resources, Boards of Pharmacy, and other pharmacy professional organizations and educational institutions. Results Based on the methods and resources utilized in developing this PEPR framework, five key focus areas were identified as follow:1)Emergency preparedness and response2)Operations management3)Patient care and population health interventions4)Public health pharmacy education and continuing professional education5)Evaluation, research and dissemination for impact and outcomes Conclusion and Recommendations: Pharmacists and pharmacy professionals have been at the frontlines in responding to the COVID-19 pandemic. Yet, challenges remain, such as limited availability of personal protection equipment, high risk of infectious exposures inherent in healthcare professions, and legislative hurdles resulting in lack of provider status and related reimbursements. Recommendations to enhance pharmacy's scope as public health professionals involved in EP&R include targeted training and education on key framework areas and policymaking. Pharmacy professionals should further integrate with interdisciplinary public health teams. Additional research and dissemination on impacts and outcomes of EP&R can enhance recognition of pharmacy professionals' contribution and value during public health emergencies. The PEPR Framework can be utilized to develop, implement, evaluate, and disseminate results in order to strengthen existing efforts and to establish new initiatives in EP&R.
JO  - Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2020.04.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1551741120303235
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection among Returnees to Japan from Wuhan, China, 2020
AU  - Arima, Yuzo
AU  - Shimada, Tomoe
AU  - Suzuki, Motoi
AU  - Suzuki, Tadaki
AU  - Kobayashi, Yusuke
AU  - Tsuchihashi, Yuuki
AU  - Nakamura, Haruna
AU  - Matsumoto, Kaoru
AU  - Takeda, Asuka
AU  - Kadokura, Keisuke
AU  - Sato, Tetsuro
AU  - Yahata, Yuichiro
AU  - Nakajima, Noriko
AU  - Tobiume, Minoru
AU  - Takayama, Ikuyo
AU  - Kageyama, Tsutomu
AU  - Saito, Shinji
AU  - Nao, Naganori
AU  - Matsui, Tamano
AU  - Sunagawa, Tomimasa
AU  - Hasegawa, Hideki
AU  - Ohnishi, Makoto
AU  - Wakita, Takaji
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In early 2020, Japan repatriated 566 nationals from China. Universal laboratory testing and 14-day monitoring of returnees detected 12 cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection; initial screening results were negative for 5. Common outcomes were remaining asymptomatic (n = 4) and pneumonia (n = 6). Overall, screening performed poorly.
JO  - Emerging infectious diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 26
IS  - 7
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3201/eid2607.200994
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Impact Of Sars-Cov-2 And Its Reverberation In Global Higher Education And Mental Health
AU  - Araújo, Francisco Jonathan de Oliveira
AU  - de Lima, Ligia Samara Abrantes
AU  - Cidade, Pedro Ivo Martins
AU  - Nobre, Camila Bezerra
AU  - Neto, Modesto Leite Rolim
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background : According to UNESCO's monitoring, more than 160 countries implemented nationwide closures, which impacted over 87% of the world's student population. Several other countries implemented localized school closures; should these closures become nationwide, millions of additional learners will experience education disruption. Universities from around the world have been uncertain about how long the coronavirus crisis will last and how it might affect the mental health of students and faculty. The psychological impact has been a critical disruptor, creating anxiety and uncertainty. Method : The data were cross-checked with information from the main international newspapers. Results : By discussing online and distance education, the coronavirus opens an important and urgent issue that affects mental health – these are virtually unexplored topics, and their results have not been validated yet. Online education is not limited to distance education, as it regards a grouping of learning/teaching procedures completed in cyberspace. Blended learning was, thus, introduced as a tool in personalized learning to adjust to new realities. These are unprecedented circumstances, and we understand they create stress, favoring anguish and a fierce search for new knowledge acquisition. Conclusions : Current research highlights that anxiety and depression, exacerbated by uncertainties and intensification of the information flow, will grow extensively. Negative physiological consequences of stress will manifest. For instance, loneliness, which will increase under these circumstances, seems to have a negative impact on education and, therefore, on psychological pain and suffering.
JO  - Psychiatry Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 112977-112977
SP  - 112977
EP  - 112977
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112977
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165178120307009
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Geriatric Syndromes and SARS-COV-2: More than Just Being Old
AU  - Aprahamian, Ivan
AU  - Cesari, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of Frailty & Aging 2020
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.14283/JFA.2020.17
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and SARS: differences and similarities
AU  - Antonio, Caldaria
AU  - Claudio, Conforti
AU  - Nicola, Di Meo
AU  - Caterina, Dianzani
AU  - Jafferany, Mohammad
AU  - Lotti, Torello
AU  - Zalaudek, Iris
AU  - Giuffrida, Roberta
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Dermatologic therapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - e13395-e13395
SP  - e13395
EP  - e13395
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/dth.13395
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 
AU  - Antoch, G.
AU  - Urbach, H.
AU  - Mentzel, H. J.
AU  - Reimer, P.
AU  - Weber, W.
AU  - Wujciak, D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - RoFo : Fortschritte auf dem Gebiete der Rontgenstrahlen und der Nuklearmedizin
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1055/a-1149-3625
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L631417907 http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1149-3625
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Surgical management of head and neck tumours during the SARS-CoV (Covid-19) pandemic
AU  - Ansarin, Mohssen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Acta otorhinolaryngologica Italica : organo ufficiale della Societa italiana di otorinolaringologia e chirurgia cervico-facciale
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.14639/0392-100X-N0783
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Surgeons, Ethics, and COVID-19: Early Lessons Learned
AU  - Angelos, Peter
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, surgeons are being forced to shift from patient-centered ethics to public health ethics. This shift will inevitably cause moral distress for surgeons as they are forced to alter elective surgical schedules and shift to other aspects of patient care. It is imperative that we realize the changes that are occurring in the current international setting of absolute scarcities so that surgeons are best equipped to navigate these challenging ethical waters.
JO  - Journal of the American College of Surgeons
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2020.03.028
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S107275152030301X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - When COVID-19 meets centralized, personalized power
AU  - Ang, Yuen Yuen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature human behaviour
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41562-020-0872-3
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Herbal medicine for treatment of children diagnosed with COVID-19: A review of guidelines
AU  - Ang, Lin
AU  - Lee, Hye Won
AU  - Kim, Anna
AU  - Lee, Ju Ah
AU  - Zhang, Junhua
AU  - Lee, Myeong Soo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This review aimed to summarize and analyze the pattern identification (PI), herbal formulae, and composition of herbs provided by recent guidelines for the treatment of pediatric COVID-19. Seven data sources were reviewed until March 25, 2020. We analyzed the herbal formulae included in the guidelines and performed a network analysis to identify the frequency of herbs recommended in the herbal formulae. All 3 guidelines were provincial guidelines from China. Our results showed that there were 4 stages, 12 PIs, and 13 herbal formulae recommended by the provincial guidelines. These herbal formulae included a total of 56 herbs. Based on our network analysis, Scutellariae Radix was paired with Artemisiae Annuae Herba in one cluster. In another cluster, Armeniacae Semen was paired with Coicis Semen and Ephedrae Herba was paired with Gypsum Fibrosum. This review serves as a reference for the use of traditional medicine in the treatment of pediatric COVID-19.
JO  - Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101174-101174
SP  - 101174
EP  - 101174
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctcp.2020.101174
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1744388120304680
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The proximal origin of SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Andersen, K. G.
AU  - Rambaut, A.
AU  - Lipkin, W. I.
AU  - Holmes, E. C.
AU  - Garry, R. F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41591-020-0820-9
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2004562416 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41591-020-0820-9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Asymptomatic Patients with Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)
AU  - An, Peng
AU  - Song, Ping
AU  - Wang, Yong
AU  - Liu, Bo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Balkan medical journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2020.2020.4.20
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The possible of immunotherapy for COVID-19: A systematic review
AU  - AminJafari, A.
AU  - Ghasemi, S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) is an emerging pathogen that was first described in late December 2019 and causes a severe respiratory infection in humans. Since the outbreak of COVID-19, international attention has raised to develop treatment and control options such as types of immunotherapies. The immunotherapy is an effective method for fighting against similar viral infections such as SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV. These methods include several types of vaccines, monoclonal antibody candidates, and etc. This systematic review article was designed to evaluate the existing evidence and experience related to immunotherapy for 2019-nCoV. Web of Science (ISI), PubMed, and Scopus databases were used to search for suitable keywords such as 2019-nCoV, novel coronavirus, Immunotherapy, interleukin, vaccine and the related words for relevant publications up to 24.3.2020. The present systematic review was performed based on PRISMA protocol. Data extraction and quality valuation of articles were performed by two reviewers. 51 articles were the results of the search and based on the inclusions and exclusions criteria, 7 articles were included in the final review. As a conclusion of these studies demonstrated that although no serious research has been done on this subject at the time of writing this article, similar studies on the related viruses showed notable results. So immunotherapy for this virus can also be a suitable option.
JO  - International Immunopharmacology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 83
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106455
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005485998 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106455
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Exploring possible mechanisms for COVID-19 induced thrombocytopenia: Unanswered Questions
AU  - Amgalan, Ariunzaya
AU  - Othman, Maha
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We read with enthusiasm the recent article by Tang et al. entitled "Abnormal coagulation parameters are associated with poor prognosis in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia," which is a retrospective analysis of the coagulation profile of 183 patients admitted with pneumonia secondary to the 2019-nCoV (COVID-19).(1) This article deals with a timely topic and brings up important points that need to be interrogated in future studies.
JO  - Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jth.14832
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Comment on “Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of heart transplant recipients during the 2019 coronavirus outbreak in Wuhan, China” by Ren et al
AU  - Ambrosi, Pierre
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healun.2020.04.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053249820315096
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Inquiring into Benefits of Independent Activation of Non-Classical Renin-Angiotensin System in the Clinical Prognosis and Reduction of COVID-19 mortality
AU  - Alvarez-Aragon, Luis Miguel
AU  - Cuesta-Munoz, Antonio Luis
AU  - Alvarez-Lopez, Inmaculada
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa402
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Super-spreading events and contribution to transmission of MERS, SARS, and COVID-19
AU  - Al-Tawfiq, J. A.
AU  - Rodriguez-Morales, A. J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of hospital infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jhin.2020.04.002
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Data Analysis of Coronavirus CoVID-19 Epidemic in South Korea Based on Recovered and Death Cases
AU  - Al-Rousan, Nadia
AU  - Al-Najjar, Hazem
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus epidemic caused announcing emergency case in South Korea. The virus started with one infected case by January 20, 2020, where 9583 announced cases were reported by March 29, 2020. This indicates that the number of confirmed cases is increasing rapidly, which can cause national crises for South Korea. The aim of this study is to fill a gap between previous studies and the current development of CoVID-19 spreading, by extracting a relationship between independent variables and dependent variable. This research statistically analyzed the effect of sex, region, infection reasons, birth year, and released or diseased date on the reported numbers of recovered and deceased cases. The results found that sex, region, and infection reasons affected on both recovered and deceased cases, while birth year only affected on deceased cases. Besides, no deceased cases are reported for released cases, while 11.3% of deceased cases positive confirmed after their deceased. Unknown reason of infection is the main variable that detected in South Korea with more than 33% of total infected cases. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25850
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32270521
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Testing Recommendation for COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) in Patients Planned for Surgery-Continuing the Service and ‘Suppressing’ the Pandemic
AU  - Al-Muharraqi, M. A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjoms.2020.04.014
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0266435620301649
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - My Future in Medicine: How COVID-19 is Inspiring the Next Generation of Infectious Disease Specialists
AU  - Allen, Jawara
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of infectious diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/infdis/jiaa178
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Artificial Intelligence (AI) Provided Early Detection of the Coronavirus (COVID-19) in China and Will Influence Future Urban Health Policy Internationally
AU  - Allam, Zaheer
AU  - Dey, Gourav
AU  - Jones, David S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>Predictive computing tools are increasingly being used and have demonstrated successfulness in providing insights that can lead to better health policy and management. However, as these technologies are still in their infancy stages, slow progress is being made in their adoption for serious consideration at national and international policy levels. However, a recent case evidences that the precision of Artificial Intelligence (AI) driven algorithms are gaining in accuracy. AI modelling driven by companies such as BlueDot and Metabiota anticipated the Coronavirus (COVID-19) in China before it caught the world by surprise in late 2019 by both scouting its impact and its spread. From a survey of past viral outbreaks over the last 20 years, this paper explores how early viral detection will reduce in time as computing technology is enhanced and as more data communication and libraries are ensured between varying data information systems. For this enhanced data sharing activity to take place, it is noted that efficient data protocols have to be enforced to ensure that data is shared across networks and systems while ensuring privacy and preventing oversight, especially in the case of medical data. This will render enhanced AI predictive tools which will influence future urban health policy internationally.</p>
JO  - AI
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 1
IS  - 2
PG  - 156-165
SP  - 156
EP  - 165
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/ai1020009
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/2673-2688/1/2/9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Does Hydroxychloroquine Combat COVID-19? A Timeline of Evidence
AU  - Alia, Erisa
AU  - Grant-Kels, Jane M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2020.04.031
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0190962220306071
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Ensuring Access to Medications in the US During the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Alexander, G. Caleb
AU  - Qato, Dima M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.6016
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A single center observational study of the clinical characteristics and short-term outcome of 20 kidney transplant patients admitted for SARS-CoV2 pneumonia
AU  - Alberici, Federico
AU  - Delbarba, Elisa
AU  - Manenti, Chiara
AU  - Econimo, Laura
AU  - Valerio, Francesca
AU  - Pola, Alessandra
AU  - Maffei, Camilla
AU  - Possenti, Stefano
AU  - Zambetti, Nicole
AU  - Moscato, Marianna
AU  - Venturini, Margherita
AU  - Affatato, Stefania
AU  - Gaggiotti, Mario
AU  - Bossini, Nicola
AU  - Scolari, Francesco
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outcome of SARS-CoV2 infection in patients who have received a kidney allograft and are being treated with immunosuppression is unclear. We describe 20 kidney transplant recipients (median age 59 years [inter quartile range 51-64 years], median age of transplant 13 years [9-20 years], baseline eGFR 36.5 [23-47.5]) with SARS-CoV2 induced pneumonia. At admission, all had immunosuppression withdrawn and were started on methylprednisolone 16 mg/day, all but one was commenced on antiviral therapy and hydroxychloroquine with doses adjusted for kidney function. At baseline, all patients presented fever but only one complained of difficulty in breathing. Half of patients showed chest radiographic evidence of bilateral infiltrates while the other half showed unilateral changes or no infiltrates. During a median follow-up of seven days, 87% experienced a radiological progression and among those 73% required escalation of oxygen therapy. Six patients developed acute kidney injury with one requiring hemodialysis. Six of 12 patients were treated with tocilizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody to the IL-6 receptor. Overall, five kidney transplant recipients died after a median period of 15 days [15-19] from symptom onset. These preliminary findings describe a rapid clinical deterioration associated with chest radiographic deterioration and escalating oxygen requirement in renal transplant recipients with SARS-Cov2 pneumonia. Thus, in this limited cohort of long-term kidney transplant patients, SARS-CoV-2 induced pneumonia is characterized by high risk of progression and significant mortality.
JO  - Kidney International
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.kint.2020.04.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0085253820303653
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Managing patients in dialysis and with kidney transplant infected with Covid-19]
AU  - Alberici, Federico
AU  - Del Barba, Elisa
AU  - Manenti, Chiara
AU  - Econimo, Laura
AU  - Valerio, Francesca
AU  - Pola, Alessandra
AU  - Maffei, Camilla
AU  - Possenti, Stefano
AU  - Gaggia, Paola
AU  - Movilli, Ezio
AU  - Bove, Sergio
AU  - Malberti, Fabio
AU  - Farina, Marco
AU  - Bracchi, Martina
AU  - Costantino, Ester Maria
AU  - Bossini, Nicola
AU  - Gaggiotti, Mario
AU  - Scolari, Francesco
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We are in the midst of a health emergency that is totally new for us all and that requires a concerted effort, especially when it comes to safeguarding patients on hemodialysis, and kidney transplant recipients. Brescia is currently a very active cluster of infections (2918 cases on the 17/03/2020), second only to Bergamo. The way our structure is organised has allowed us to treat nephropathic patients directly within the Nephrology Unit, following of course a great deal of reshuffling; at the moment, we are treating 21 transplanted patients and 17 on hemodialysis. This has led us to adopt a systematic approach to handling this emergency, not only in managing inpatients, but also in researching the new disease. Our approach is mirrored in the guidelines attached to this article, originally intended for internal use only but potentially very useful to our colleagues, as they face the same exact problems. We have also started collecting data on our positive patients with the aim of understanding better the functioning of this disease and how best to manage it. If anyone is interested, we ask you to please get in touch with us, so we can coordinate our efforts.
JO  - Giornale italiano di nefrologia : organo ufficiale della Societa italiana di nefrologia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 37
IS  - 2
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in a lung transplant Recipient
AU  - Aigner, Clemens
AU  - Dittmer, Ulf
AU  - Kamler, Markus
AU  - Collaud, Stephane
AU  - Taube, Christian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healun.2020.04.004
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053249820315114
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Use of Convalescent Plasma Therapy in Two COVID-19 Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Korea
AU  - Ahn, Jin Young
AU  - Sohn, Yujin
AU  - Lee, Su Hwan
AU  - Cho, Yunsuk
AU  - Hyun, Jong Hoon
AU  - Baek, Yae Jee
AU  - Jeong, Su Jin
AU  - Kim, Jung Ho
AU  - Ku, Nam Su
AU  - Yeom, Joon Sup
AU  - Roh, Juhye
AU  - Ahn, Mi Young
AU  - Chin, Bum Sik
AU  - Kim, Young Sam
AU  - Lee, Hyukmin
AU  - Yong, Dongeun
AU  - Kim, Hyun Ok
AU  - Kim, Sinyoung
AU  - Choi, Jun Yong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 not yet has established its treatment, but convalescent plasma has been expected to increase survival rates as in the case with other emerging viral infections. We describe two cases of COVID-19 treated with convalescent plasma infusion. Both patients presented severe pneumonia with acute respiratory distress syndrome and showed a favorable outcome after the use of convalescent plasma in addition to systemic corticosteroid. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the use of convalescent plasma therapy for COVID-19 in Korea.
JO  - Journal of Korean medical science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 35
IS  - 14
PG  - e149-e149
SP  - e149
EP  - e149
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e149
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Surgical Response to COVID-19 Pandemic: A Singapore Perspective
AU  - Ahmed, Saleem
AU  - Leong Glenn, Tan Wei
AU  - Chong, Yew-Lam
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 pandemic continues to spread rapidly and overwhelm health systems around the world. Tan Tock Seng Hospital was the epicentre in the coordination and management of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome outbreak in 2003. Now, together with the National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Tan Tock Seng Hospital is taking the lead in Singapore's efforts to navigate this pandemic. In dealing with COVID-19, given the scale of the pandemic, surgeons and surgical teams all around the world face unique challenges to daily operations, having to fulfil alternate non-surgical roles while reducing attrition. We hope to share our experience from the perspective of the Division of Surgery, Tan Tock Seng Hospital on our actions in responding to this challenge, in the hope that it may benefit others during this global crisis.
JO  - Journal of the American College of Surgeons
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2020.04.003
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Global challenges to urology practice during COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Ahmed, Kamran
AU  - Hayat, Sulaiman
AU  - Dasgupta, Prokar
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since the first report of coronavirus commonly termed as COVID-19 in China, it has progressed into a pandemic and Italy has been one of the countries worst hit. Coronaviruses are enveloped ribonucleic acid (RNA) viruses that cause respiratory, entero-hepatic, and neurologic diseases in humans and mammals. More specifically the coronavirus causing the current pandemic is severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The common symptoms include a dry continuous cough, fever and shortness of breath; severe cases involve pneumonia which may require ventilatory support.
JO  - BJU international
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/bju.15082
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Limited transmissibility of coronavirus (SARS-1, MERS, and SARS-2) in certain regions of Africa
AU  - Ahmed, Anwar E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was first identified in Wuhan, China in December 2019 [1], and after a few weeks, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the outbreak as a global pandemic [2]. Scientifically, the virus was named "severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-2) coronavirus" [3]. High-level endemic transmissions occurred in several countries, and while yet very limited, have spread in certain regions of the globe, particularly in Africa [4]. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25852
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32270498
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: How Can Rural Community Pharmacies Respond to the Outbreak?
AU  - Adunlin, Georges
AU  - Murphy, Pilar Z.
AU  - Manis, Melanie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jrh.12439
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Toothbrushing against coronavirus
AU  - Addy, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The recommendation to tooth brush with toothpaste for two minutes twice a day, I believe, should be reinforced by the dental profession, the media and the government and its advisors. Although, we may assume such oral hygiene practices are already the norm, this is certainly not the case, particularly for those individuals who coincidentally are most at risk of contracting COVID-19. This includes the elderly, particularly in nursing and retirement homes, where hygiene practices often depend on carers. Finally, I would address the idea of using antimicrobial mouthrinses, particularly chlorhexidine products. Unfortunately, the evidence base for their use in preventing or reducing transmission of coronavirus infection is not in place. Indeed, although some antiseptic rinses, including chlorhexidine, have antiviral action, the lipid outer layer of coronavirus would probably protect against such agents
JO  - British Dental Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 228
IS  - 7
PG  - 487-487
SP  - 487
EP  - 487
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41415-020-1450-9
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41415-020-1450-9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Inside the heart of COVID-19
AU  - Adao, Rui
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Cardiovascular research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cvr/cvaa086
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Neprilysin inhibitor–angiotensin II receptor blocker combination (sacubitril/valsartan): rationale for adoption in SARS-CoV-2 patients
AU  - Acanfora, Domenico
AU  - Ciccone, Marco Matteo
AU  - Scicchitano, Pietro
AU  - Acanfora, Chiara
AU  - Casucci, Gerardo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/ehjcvp/pvaa028
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/ehjcvp/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ehjcvp/pvaa028/5819438
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Predictors of refractory Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pneumonia
AU  - Abu-Raya, Bahaa
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa409
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Tracheal trauma after difficult airway management in morbidly obese patients with COVID-19
AU  - Abou-Arab, Osama
AU  - Huette, Pierre
AU  - berna, Pascal
AU  - Mahjoub, Yazine
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - British Journal of Anaesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bja.2020.04.004
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0007091220302142
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Plausibility of therapeutic effects of Rho kinase inhibitors against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (COVID-19)
AU  - Abedi, Farshad
AU  - Rezaee, Ramin
AU  - Karimi, Gholamreza
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Pharmacological Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 104808-104808
SP  - 104808
EP  - 104808
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104808
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1043661820311166
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The scandals of covid-19
AU  - Abbasi, Kamran
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Last seen in public clapping on the doorstep of Number 10 Downing Street for the NHS while self isolating, the prime minister was in intensive care four days later (doi:10.1136/bmj.m1433). Covid19, the virus that is turning the world upside down, does not respect borders or political leanings (doi:10.1136/bmj.m1336). It isn’t a virus in some other place, sparing health systems in richer countries. Covid-19 is here and everywhere. And, through hubris, much of the world was scandalously unprepared. In time, a chance will come to reshape our world, prioritise health and wellbeing, work as equal …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1434-m1434
SP  - m1434
EP  - m1434
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1434
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1434
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chinese Officials Investigate Cause of Pneumonia Outbreak in Wuhan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 70
IS  - 8
PG  - i-ii
SP  - i
EP  - ii
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa048
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Data Error in Viewpoint on COVID-19 in Italy
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.6122
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32275296
NS  - 
N1  - Qingxia Zhong (2020-04-14 23:02:07)(Screen): correction to 13815; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - JEPM April 2020 – Avian &amp; Exotic News
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus may have a detrimental effect on Pangolin populations The current Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic originated in Wuhan, China in December 2019. A market selling illegal wildlife is believed to be the original location. Bats are believed to be the source of the new virus, which is 96% identical at the whole-genome level to a bat coronavirus. As with previous outbreaks of coronavirus in humans, including MERS and SARS, there may be intermediate animal hosts that helped the virus jump from bats to humans.[Truncated]
JO  - Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1053/j.jepm.2020.03.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1557506320300343 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1557506320300343
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Seven days in medicine: 1-7 April 2020
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - ### Hancock promises 100 000 tests a day in England by end of April The government pledged to carry out 100 000 covid-19 tests a day in England by the end of April, ramping up its current capacity. The promise by the health secretary, Matt Hancock, followed a mounting backlash against the government over its failure to boost testing capacity. In particular, the failure to fulfil promises to roll out testing for NHS staff has left medical leaders frustrated, with large numbers of doctors having to self-isolate because they are unsure whether they have the virus. (Full story doi:10.1136/bmj.m1392) ### Doctors’ visas are automatically extended for a year Visas of doctors, nurses, and paramedics that were due to expire before 1 October will automatically be extended for one year free of charge, the UK government announced. The extension will also apply to family members and will be exempt from the immigration health surcharge. In an announcement on 31 March the home secretary, Priti Patel, said, “Doctors, nurses, and paramedics from all over the world are playing a leading role in the NHS’s efforts to tackle coronavirus and save lives. I don’t want them distracted by the visa process.” (Full story doi:10.1136/bmj.m1381) ### Only a third of physicians with symptoms can access testing, poll finds A survey of over 2513 members of the Royal College of Physicians found that less than a third (31%) were able to access covid-19 testing for themselves if they had symptoms. Nearly a fifth of respondents (18.5%) said that they were off work at the moment, mostly (79.1%) because of …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1414-m1414
SP  - m1414
EP  - m1414
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1414
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1414
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Small Business Administration emergency loans available for nonprofits
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In its effort to minimize economic disruption wrought by COVID-19, the U.S. Small Business Administration is working directly with state governors to provide targeted, low-interest disaster recovery loans to small businesses and private nonprofit organizations that have been severely impacted by the pandemic.
JO  - Nonprofit Business Advisor
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 2020
IS  - 368
PG  - 7-7
SP  - 7
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/nba.30760
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/nba.30760
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Corporate expertise can help nonprofits weather pandemic
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Corporate Philanthropy Report
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 35
IS  - 5
PG  - 1-12
SP  - 1
EP  - 12
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/cprt.30566
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/cprt.30566
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - AIRPORTS AND SERVICES: Coronavirus
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Africa Research Bulletin: Economic, Financial and Technical Series
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 57
IS  - 2
PG  - 22910A-22911C
SP  - 22910A
EP  - 22911C
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/j.1467-6346.2020.09398.x
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6346.2020.09398.x
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SOUTH AFRICA: Fragile Economy
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Africa Research Bulletin: Economic, Financial and Technical Series
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 57
IS  - 2
PG  - 22899B-22900A
SP  - 22899B
EP  - 22900A
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/j.1467-6346.2020.09387.x
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6346.2020.09387.x
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Assessing the Burden of Nondeferrable Major Uro-oncologic Surgery to Guide Prioritisation Strategies During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Insights from Three Italian High-volume Referral Centres
AU  - Campi, Riccardo
AU  - Amparore, Daniele
AU  - Capitanio, Umberto
AU  - Checcucci, Enrico
AU  - Salonia, Andrea
AU  - Fiori, Cristian
AU  - Minervini, Andrea
AU  - Briganti, Alberto
AU  - Carini, Marco
AU  - Montorsi, Francesco
AU  - Serni, Sergio
AU  - Porpiglia, Francesco
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to an unprecedented emergency scenario for all aspects of health care, including urology. At the time of writing, Italy was the country with the highest rates of both infection and mortality. A panel of experts recently released recommendations for prioritising urologic surgeries in a low-resource setting. Of note, major cancer surgery represents a compelling challenge. However, the burden of these procedures and the impact of such recommendations on urologic practice are currently unknown. To fill this gap, we assessed the yearly proportion of high-priority major uro-oncologic surgeries at three Italian high-volume academic centres. Of 2387 major cancer surgeries, 32.3% were classified as high priority (12.6% of radical nephroureterectomy, 17.3% of nephrectomy, 33.9% of radical prostatectomy, and 36.2% of radical cystectomy cases). Moreover, 26.4% of high-priority major cancer surgeries were performed in patients at higher perioperative risk (American Society of Anesthesiologists score ≥3), with radical cystectomy contributing the most to this cohort (50%). Our real-life data contextualise ongoing recommendations on prioritisation strategies during the current COVID-19 pandemic, highlighting the need for better patient selection for surgery. We found that approximately two-thirds of elective major uro-oncologic surgeries can be safely postponed or changed to another treatment modality when the availability of health care resources is reduced. Patient summary: We used data from three high-volume Italian academic urology centres to evaluate how many surgeries performed for prostate, bladder, kidney, and upper tract urothelial cancer can be postponed in times of emergency. We found that approximately two-thirds of patients with these cancers do not require high-priority surgery. Conversely, of patients requiring high-priority surgery, approximately one in four is considered at high perioperative risk. These patients may pose challenges in allocation of resources in critical scenarios such as the current COVID-19 pandemic.
JO  - European Urology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2020.03.054
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0302283820302293
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Will Complement Inhibition be the New Target in Treating COVID-19 Related Systemic Thrombosis?
AU  - Campbell, Courtney M.
AU  - Kahwash, Rami
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Circulation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.047419
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - An Increasing Risk of Family Violence during the Covid-19 Pandemic: Strengthening Community Collaborations to Save Lives
AU  - Campbell, Andrew M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Though necessary to slow the spread of the novel Coronavirus (Covid-19), actions such as social-distancing, sheltering in-place, restricted travel, and closures of key community foundations are likely to dramatically increase the risk for family violence around the globe. In fact many countries are already indicating a dramatic increase in reported cases of domestic violence. While no clear precedent for the current crisis exists in academic literature, exploring the impact of natural disasters on family violence reports may provide important insight for family violence victim-serving professionals. Improving collaborations between human welfare and animal welfare agencies, expanding community partnerships, and informing the public of the great importance of reporting any concerns of abuse are all critical at this time.
JO  - Forensic Science International: Reports
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 100089-100089
SP  - 100089
EP  - 100089
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsir.2020.100089
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2665910720300384
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Challenges in lung cancer therapy during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Calabrò, Luana
AU  - Peters, Solange
AU  - Soria, Jean-Charles
AU  - Di Giacomo, Anna Maria
AU  - Barlesi, Fabrice
AU  - Covre, Alessia
AU  - Altomonte, Maresa
AU  - Vegni, Virginia
AU  - Gridelli, Cesare
AU  - Reck, Martin
AU  - Rizvi, Naiyer
AU  - Maio, Michele
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the newly identified strain of the coronavirus family severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has rapidly evolved into a worldwide pandemic and caused a public health emergency of major international concern.1,2 As a result, a profound reorganisation of hospital wards and clinical activities is happening worldwide to deal with the increasing number of COVID-19-positive patients who require hospitalisation and intensive care support.
JO  - The Lancet. Respiratory medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30170-3
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Treating head and neck tumors during the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic, 2019-2020: Sichuan Cancer Hospital
AU  - Cai, Yong-Cong
AU  - Wang, Wei
AU  - Li, Chao
AU  - Zeng, Din-Fen
AU  - Zhou, Yu-Qiu
AU  - Sun, Rong-Hao
AU  - Jiang, Hua
AU  - Guo, Hui
AU  - Wang, Shao-Xin
AU  - Jiang, Jian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, a number of patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) have been identified in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. NCP has rapidly spread to other provinces and cities in China and other countries in the world. Due to the rapid increase in reported cases in China and around the world, on January 30, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) Emergency Committee announced that NCP is a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC). However, there are relatively few suggestions and measures for tumor patients, especially patients with head and neck tumors. This article summarizes the prevention and control of disease in our medical institution to provide a reference for front-line head and neck surgeons. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Head & neck
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/hed.26161
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32270568
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in the perioperative period of lung resection: a brief report from a single thoracic surgery department in Wuhan, China
AU  - Cai, Yixin
AU  - Hao, Zhipeng
AU  - Gao, Yi
AU  - Ping, Wei
AU  - Wang, Qi
AU  - Peng, Shu
AU  - Zhao, Bo
AU  - Sun, Wei
AU  - Zhu, Min
AU  - Li, Kaiyan
AU  - Han, Ying
AU  - Kuang, Dong
AU  - Chu, Qian
AU  - Fu, Xiangning
AU  - Zhang, Ni
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging infectious disease that was first reported in Wuhan, China, and has subsequently spread worldwide. Clinical information on patients contracted with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in the perioperative period is limited. Here we report seven cases who were confirmed infected with SARS-CoV-2 in the perioperative period of lung resection. Retrospective analysis suggested that one patient had been infected with the SARS-CoV-2 prior to the surgery, the other 6 patients contracted the infection after the lung resection. Fever, lymphopenia and ground-glass opacities on computerized tomography (CT) are the most common clinical manifestations of COVID-19 in patients after lung resection surgery. Pathology studies of the specimens of these 7 patients were performed. The pathological examination of Patient 1, who was infected the SARS-CoV-2 before the surgery, revealed that apart from the tumor, there was a wide range of interstitial inflammation with plasma cells and macrophages infiltration. High density of macrophages and foam cells in the alveolar cavities but no obvious proliferation of pneumocyte was found. Three out seven patients died from COVID-19 pneumonia, suggesting that lung resection surgery might be a risk factor for death in patients with COVID-19 in the perioperative period.
JO  - Journal of Thoracic Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtho.2020.04.003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1556086420302987
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Characteristics of Liver Tests in COVID-19 Patients
AU  - Cai, Qingxian
AU  - Huang, Deliang
AU  - Yu, Hong
AU  - Zhu, Zhibin
AU  - Xia, Zhang
AU  - Su, Yinan
AU  - Li, Zhiwei
AU  - Zhou, Guangde
AU  - Gou, Jizhou
AU  - Qu, Jiuxin
AU  - Sun, Yan
AU  - Liu, Yingxia
AU  - He, Qing
AU  - Chen, Jun
AU  - Liu, Lei
AU  - Xu, Lin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background & Aims Recent data on the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has begun to shine light on the impact of the disease on the liver. But no studies to date have systematically described liver test abnormalities in patients with COVID-19. We evaluated the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in patients with abnormal liver tests. Methods Clinical records and laboratory results were obtained from 417 laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients who were admitted to the only referral hospital in Shenzhen, China from January 11 to February 21, 2020 and followed up to March 7, 2020. Information of clinical features of patients with abnormal liver tests were collected for analysis. Results Of 417 patients with COVID-19, 318 (76.3%) had abnormal liver test results and 90 (21.5%) had liver injury during hospitalization. The presence of abnormal liver tests became more pronounced during hospitalization within 2 weeks, with 49 (23.4%), 31 (14.8%), 24 (11.5%) and 51 (24.4%) patients raising liver enzyme levels to more than 3 times of upper limit units in alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total bilirubin and gamma-glutamyl transferase, respectively. Patients with abnormal liver test of hepatocellular type or mixed type at admission had higher odds of progressing to severe disease (odds ratios (OR)=2.73, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.19-6.3, and 4.44, 95% CI 1.93-10.23, respectively). The use of lopinavir/ritonavir was also found to lead to increased odds of liver injury (OR from 4.44 to 5.03, both P<0.01). Conclusion Patients with abnormal liver tests had higher risks of progressing to severe disease. The detrimental effects on liver injury mainly related to certain medications used during hospitalization, should be monitored and evaluated frequently.
JO  - Journal of Hepatology
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DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2020.04.006
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016882782030218X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Flooding
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Africa Research Bulletin: Economic, Financial and Technical Series
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 57
IS  - 2
PG  - 22895A-22896C
SP  - 22895A
EP  - 22896C
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/j.1467-6346.2020.09380.x
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6346.2020.09380.x
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - CORONAVIRUS: Severe Blow to Growth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Africa Research Bulletin: Economic, Financial and Technical Series
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 57
IS  - 2
PG  - 22892C-22894B
SP  - 22892C
EP  - 22894B
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/j.1467-6346.2020.09376.x
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6346.2020.09376.x
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 prompts new executive orders from Minnesota governor
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Minnesota Governor Tim Walz has signed Executive Orders 20-28 and 20-29, which will expand mental health counseling options for Minnesotans and streamline the process for Minnesotans applying for unemployment insurance, Minnesota Bring Me the News reported April 6. Executive Order 20-28 authorizes out-of-state mental health providers to treat Minnesota patients via telehealth services to ?help ensure that the mental health needs of Minnesotans are met during the stress and uncertainty of the COVID-19 pandemic.? The order notes that many Minnesotans receive mental health care from providers in neighboring states, and this order will allow them to continue that care via virtual means. Gov. Walz has been trying to expand Minnesota's mental health care options during COVID-19, asking President Trump for a major disaster declaration so the state can be reimbursed for expanding community-based crisis counseling services. Executive Order 20-29 amends a previous order, EO 20-05, that was designed to help Minnesotans get unemployment insurance as quickly as possible rather than waiting the previous week following the loss of their jobs. Gov. Walz also announced $6.2 million in financial assistance grants that is earmarked for Minnesota veterans and their families who have been impacted by COVID-19 and will provide one-time payments of $1,000.
JO  - Mental Health Weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 30
IS  - 15
PG  - 8-8
SP  - 8
EP  - 8
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/mhw.32320
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/mhw.32320
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Oklahoma to provide iPads for telehealth during pandemic
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The Oklahoma Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse is taking action to help those feeling depressed while home during the coronavirus pandemic, News 9 reported. Starting April 10, every city-county health department in the state will be equipped with an iPad. Someone walk-ing in needing help can use the iPad to speak with a mental health professional. The person can take the iPad home with them to continue conversations with the provider. ?There's a button on it. They hit the button and it links up to community mental health providers in their area. Someone is able to talk with them and work through it,? said Carrie Slatton-Hodges, the interim commissioner for the department. Eighty-one sites across the state will have the iPads. Because of the state's large presence of telehealth technology, Slatton-Hodges said the department has been able to continue performing 90% of services.
JO  - Mental Health Weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 30
IS  - 15
PG  - 8-8
SP  - 8
EP  - 8
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/mhw.32321
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/mhw.32321
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Research in Brief: 4 April to 10 April, 2020
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Nature Medicine summarizes all the research you need to know this week to keep on top of how science is responding to the COVID-19 pandemic.
JO  - nature medicine
PB  - 
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AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41591-020-00009-x
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SDCEP COVID-19 guidance update
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The Scottish Dental Clinical Effectiveness Programme (SDCEP) has now modified its guidance on management of commonly presenting oral conditions for use during the COVID-19 pandemic. The new 'Management of Acute Dental Problems during COVID-19 Pandemic' guide is available now on the SDCEP website.
JO  - British Dental Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 228
IS  - 7
PG  - 496-496
SP  - 496
EP  - 496
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41415-020-1501-2
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41415-020-1501-2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How a SARS antibody binds to SARS-CoV-2
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - esearchers at Scripps Research and the University of Hong Kong have shown how a human antibody for the virus that causes severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) can also bind the new COVID-19-causing coronavirus (Science 2020, DOI: 10.1126/science.abb7269). The structural insights from might help in COVID-19 vaccine and drug design, the researchers say. During a SARS epidemic in 2006, researchers isolated antibodies for the virus, SARS-CoV, from infected patients. Earlier this year, researchers in China showed that one of those antibodies, CR3022, also binds to the spike protein of the virus that causes COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2 (Emerging Microbes Infect. 2020, DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2020.1729069). To see how exactly the antibody binds to the spike protein, a group led by Ian A. Wilson ordered a sample of CR3022 and produced sections of SARS-CoV-2’s spike protein called the receptor-binding domain (RBD). The group used X-ray crystallography to find that, as predicted by the Chinese researchers, the View: PDF | Full Text HTML
JO  - C&EN Global Enterprise
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 98
IS  - 14
PG  - 5-5
SP  - 5
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1021/cen-09814-scicon1
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-09814-scicon1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - India partially lifts drug export ban
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Late last month, India banned the export of many pharmaceuticals as well as ventilators and other supplies deemed necessary to treat people with COVID-19. On April 6, the country partially reversed course after a phone call between Prime Minister Narendra Modi and US President Donald J. Trump. One of the drugs affected by the export ban is hydroxychloroquine, an antimalaria drug repeatedly touted by Trump for its possible use against SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. Clinical studies are underway to determine whether the drug is safe and effective to use against the disease. Hydroxychloroquine and its predecessor, chloroquine, can cause severe side effects, including heart problems. Indian officials now say that exports of hydroxychloroquine and acetaminophen, which is used for pain and fever relief, will be permitted on humanitarian grounds depending on availability after meeting domestic requirements. Anurag Srivastava, spokesperson for the Ministry of External Affairs, says supplies of View: PDF | Full Text HTML
JO  - C&EN Global Enterprise
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 98
IS  - 14
PG  - 14-14
SP  - 14
EP  - 14
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1021/cen-09814-polcon1
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-09814-polcon1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How effective can homemade face masks be?
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - With cases of COVID-19 growing rapidly in the US and evidence mounting that the virus responsible, SARS-CoV-2, can be spread by infected people before they develop symptoms, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommended April 3 that people wear cloth face coverings in public places. This guidance is a shift from the center’s previous position that healthy people needed to wear masks only when caring for a sick person. The recommendation also follows recent calls by experts on social media and other platforms for the general public to don nonmedical, cloth masks to help reduce the transmission of the novel coronavirus. “Members of the general public should wear non-medical fabric face masks when going out in public in one additional societal effort to slow the spread of the virus down,” Tom Inglesby, director of the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security, tweeted March 29. These experts hope the View: PDF | Full Text HTML
JO  - C&EN Global Enterprise
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 98
IS  - 14
PG  - 3-4
SP  - 3
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1021/cen-09814-leadcon
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-09814-leadcon
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Searching for a coronavirus cure in the blood
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The blood of people who have recovered from COVID-19 may be the world’s most sought-after substance right now. It contains a stockpile of antibodies made by immune cells that have successfully mounted an attack on the invading virus, SARS-CoV-2. While multiple efforts are focusing on repurposing existing drugs, like remdesivir or chloroquine, to fight this new virus, many scientists think that the fastest route to novel therapies specifically designed to treat the infection could come by harvesting those antibodies. These antibody-based therapies could take many forms. The simplest, and the only that is already being tested in people with COVID-19, is convalescent plasma, the antibody-rich portion of blood donated from someone who recovered from the disease. At the other end of the spectrum, companies are meticulously analyzing plasma from recovered humans or immunized animals to select the very best antibodies, which they can use to manufacture traditional monoclonal antibody therapies. These approaches, and others in between, are barreling toward the clinic at a pandemic pace.
JO  - C&EN Global Enterprise
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 98
IS  - 14
PG  - 33-35
SP  - 33
EP  - 35
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1021/cen-09814-cover4
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-09814-cover4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Companies are racing to develop COVID-19 tests for the US. Will the tests help?
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - These speed bumps are some of the reasons why many industry watchers and public health officials are praising the development of a 5 min bedside, or point-of-care, test produced by Abbott Laboratories. Approved in late March, the test relies on PCR but uses a different method of copying genetic material, allowing it to be done at a constant temperature and quickly. Other companies that use this method, called isothermal amplification, for infectious disease diagnostics have developed specialized enzymes that can copy viral RNA without the temperature cycling used in more traditional PCR. It’s not clear exactly how Abbott is employing isothermal amplification, but the company says the test can be done in a small, portable machine that many hospitals already use to diagnose other infectious diseases. Abbott says this test and another, more traditional PCR diagnostic it developed can perform up to 5 million COVID-19 tests per month total.
JO  - C&EN Global Enterprise
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 98
IS  - 14
PG  - 30-32
SP  - 30
EP  - 32
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1021/cen-09814-cover3
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-09814-cover3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Will the coronavirus help mRNA and DNA vaccines prove their worth?
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Biotech companies, pharma firms, universities, and government agencies are all rushing to start clinical trials of newly created gene-based vaccines for COVID-19. Developer; Technology; Phase I clinical trial Moderna and National Institutes of Health; mRNA vaccine; Began in March 2020 CanSino Biologics; Adenoviral vector vaccine; Began in March 2020 BioNTech, Shanghai Fosun Pharmaceutical, and Pfizer; mRNA vaccine; April 2020 Inovio Pharmaceuticals and Wistar Institute; DNA vaccine; April 2020 University of Oxford; Adenoviral vector vaccine; April 2020 CureVac; mRNA vaccine; By early summer Imperial College London; mRNA vaccine; Early summer Arcturus Therapeutics and Duke-NUS Medical School; mRNA vaccine; Second half of 2020 Johnson & Johnson and Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority; Adenoviral vector vaccine; By September Altimmune; Adenoviral vector vaccine; Q3 2020 Translate Bio and Sanofi Pasteur; mRNA vaccine; By end of 2020 eTheRNA Immunotherapies; mRNA vaccine; 2021 Karolinska Institute; DNA vaccine; 2021 University of Pennsylvania and Duke Human Vaccine Institute; mRNA vaccine; Unknown
JO  - C&EN Global Enterprise
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 98
IS  - 14
PG  - 26-29
SP  - 26
EP  - 29
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1021/cen-09814-cover2
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-09814-cover2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Ruxolitinib to be tested in fight against COVID-19
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Drugmakers Incyte and Novartis are gearing up for a Phase III clinical trial of their drug ruxolitinib to see if it can help patients with severe COVID-19, the respiratory disease caused by the new coronavirus. Doctors think the compound might dampen the out-of-control immune response—known as a cytokine storm—seen in people with severe COVID-19. If the cytokine storm can be tempered before there is significant damage to the lungs, patients might not require ventilators or might need them for less time and have a better chance of surviving the disease. Plans for the randomized trial were announced April 2. The trial will compare the outcomes of about 350 hospitalized patients who get either ruxolitinib or the current best standard of care without the drug. Severe COVID-19 patients unable to enroll in a trial can still get the drug through a so-called open-label study, in which both the doctor and patient
JO  - C&EN Global Enterprise
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 98
IS  - 14
PG  - 11-11
SP  - 11
EP  - 11
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1021/cen-09814-buscon3
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-09814-buscon3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Amgen pursues COVID-19 antibodies
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Amgen and Adaptive Biotechnologies will work together to identify and develop an antibody therapy for COVID-19. Adaptive aims to screen tens of thousands of antibodies produced by B cells in people who have recovered from COVID-19 and find ones that neutralize the virus that causes it, SARS-CoV-2. Amgen will develop and manufacture the best antibodies to test as therapies. Adaptive is also expandinga collaboration with Microsoft to study how T cells respond to the viral infection.
JO  - C&EN Global Enterprise
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 98
IS  - 14
PG  - 13-13
SP  - 13
EP  - 13
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1021/cen-09814-buscon16
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-09814-buscon16
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Video consultation hour due to SARS-CoV-2?
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - MMW-Fortschritte der Medizin
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 162
IS  - 5
PG  - 25
SP  - 25
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s15006-020-0246-9
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2004497487 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s15006-020-0246-9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Erratum: Epidemiologic Features and Clinical Course of Patients Infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Singapore(Journal of Physical Chemistry (2020) DOI: 10.1001/jama.2020.3204)
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Errors in Text, Figure, and End Matter: In the Original Contribution titled “Epidemiologic Features and Clinical Course of Patients Infected With SARS-CoV-2 in Singapore”1 published online in JAMAonMarch3,2020, therewere errors in the text, a figure,and the end matter. In the second paragraph of the “CaseManagement”sectioninthetext, thedoseforcoformulatedlopinavir-ritonavirreportedas200mg/100 mg should have been reported as 400mg/100mg. At the topright of Figure1,“February 202”shouldhaveread“February2020.”Intheauthoraffiliations,coauthorKalimuddin should have appeared with coauthors Low, Anderson, T. Y. Tan, andWang (all with Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore). This articlewas corrected online.
JO  - JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association
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AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.4372
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L631395368 http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.4372
NS  - 
N1  - Qingxia Zhong (2020-04-14 23:09:22)(Screen): correction to 3256; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Erratum: (The BMJ (2020) 36 (m800) DOI: 10.1136/bmj.m800)
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This article https://www.bmj.com/content/368/bmj.m800 (BMJ 2020;368: m800 doi:10.1136/bmj.m800) was updated on 10 March 2020 to reflect changes to the case definition for covid-19, as defined by Public Health England. The section 'When to consider covid-19' adds consideration for covid-19 in anyone requiring hospital admission with a flu like illness, acute respiratory distress syndrome, or either clinical or radiological evidence of pneumonia. The infographic in this article has also been updated to reflect these changes.
JO  - The BMJ
PB  - 
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VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m989
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L631187259 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m989
NS  - 
N1  - Qingxia Zhong (2020-04-14 23:10:32)(Screen): correction to 4464; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Erratum: Department of Error (The Lancet (2020) 395(10231) (e64), (S0140673620307364), (10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30736-4))
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Cluver L, Lachman JM, Sherr L, et al. Parenting in a time of COVID-19. Lancet 2020; 395: e64—In this Correspondence, Gretchen Bachman's affiliation should have been “Department of Orphans and Vulnerable Children, United States Agency for International Development, Washington, DC, USA”. This correction has been made to the online version as of April 9, 2020.
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10231
PG  - 1194
SP  - 1194
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30790-X
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005513748 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30790-X
NS  - 
N1  - Qingxia Zhong (2020-04-14 23:07:21)(Screen): correction to 14957 and 17941; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Erratum: WHO must prioritise the needs of older people in its response to the covid-19 pandemic (BMJ (Clinical research ed.) (2020) 368 (m1164))
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - m1285
SP  - m1285
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1285
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L631415984 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m1285
NS  - 
N1  - Qingxia Zhong (2020-04-14 23:18:30)(Screen): correction to 14191; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Correction to Outbreak investigation for COVID-19 in northern Vietnam (The Lancet Infectious Diseases, (S1473309920301596), (10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30159-6))
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Thanh HN, Van TN, Thu HNT, et al. Outbreak investigation for COVID-19 in northern Vietnam. Lancet Infect Dis 2020; published online March 4. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30159-6—In the appendix for this Correspondence, the sex of case 10 should be female. This correction has been made to the online appendix as of March 18, 2020.
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
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AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30223-1
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005459983 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30223-1
NS  - 
N1  - Qingxia Zhong (2020-04-14 22:59:36)(Screen): correction to 4012; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Correction to SARS-CoV-2 RNA more readily detected in induced sputum than in throat swabs of convalescent COVID-19 patients (The Lancet Infectious Diseases, (S1473309920301742), (10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30174-2))
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Han H, Luo Q, Mo F, Long, L, Zheng W. SARS-CoV-2 RNA more readily detected in induced sputum than in throat swabs of convalescent COVID-19 patients. Lancet Infect Dis 2020; published online March 12. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30174-2—In this Correspondence, the email address for the corresponding author should have been huanqinhan@126.com. This correction has been made to the online version as of March 18, 2020 and will be made to the printed version.
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30224-3
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005459948 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30224-3
NS  - 
N1  - Qingxia Zhong (2020-04-14 23:00:25)(Screen): correction to 7720.; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Correction to Lancet Respir Med 2020; published online Feb 21. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30079-5 (The Lancet Respiratory Medicine, (S2213260020300795), (10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30079-5))
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Yang X, Yu Y, Xu J, et al. Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a single-centred, retrospective, observational study. Lancet Respir Med 2020; published online Feb 21. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30079-5—In this Article, Tables 1, 2, and 3 have been updated. These corrections have been made to the online version as of Feb 28, 2020, and will be made to the printed version.
JO  - The Lancet Respiratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 8
IS  - 4
PG  - e26
SP  - e26
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30103-X
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005439771 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30103-X
NS  - 
N1  - Qingxia Zhong (2020-04-14 22:57:56)(Screen): Correction to 1733, 1187, and 7486; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Detection of serum IgM and IgG for COVID-19 diagnosis
AU  - Zhong, Ling
AU  - Chuan, Junlan
AU  - Gong, B. O.
AU  - Shuai, Ping
AU  - Zhou, Yu
AU  - Zhang, Yi
AU  - Jiang, Zhilin
AU  - Zhang, Dingding
AU  - Liu, Xiaoqi
AU  - Ma, Shi
AU  - Huang, Yi
AU  - Lin, He
AU  - Wang, Qingwei
AU  - Huang, Lulin
AU  - Jiang, Dan
AU  - Hao, Fang
AU  - Tang, Juan
AU  - Zheng, Chunqi
AU  - Yu, Hua
AU  - Wang, Zhibin
AU  - Jiang, Qi
AU  - Zeng, Tao
AU  - Luo, Mei
AU  - Zeng, Fanwei
AU  - Zeng, Fanxin
AU  - Liu, Jianghai
AU  - Tian, Junxi
AU  - Xu, Yu
AU  - Long, Tengxiang
AU  - Xu, Kaiju
AU  - Yang, Xingxiang
AU  - Liu, Yuping
AU  - Shi, Yi
AU  - Jiang, Li
AU  - Yang, Zhenglin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Sci China Life Sci
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32270436
DO  - 10.1007/s11427-020-1688-9
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical characteristics of 161 cases of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Changsha
AU  - Zheng, F.
AU  - Tang, W.
AU  - Li, H.
AU  - Huang, Y. X.
AU  - Xie, Y. L.
AU  - Zhou, Z. G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE: In December 2019, a new type of coronavirus-infected pneumonia broke out in Wuhan and spread rapidly to other parts of the country. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical features of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on the confirmed cases of COVID-19, who were admitted to the North Hospital of Changsha first Hospital (Changsha Public Health treatment Center) from January 17 to February 7, 2020. RESULTS: The median age of COVID-19 patients was 45 years (range 33.5-57). The male patients accounted for 49.7%, 64.6% of the patients had a history of exposure in Wuhan, and 31.7% had family aggregation. The median days of onset were six, and the incidence of severe illness was 18.6%. Compared with the non-severe group, the severe group showed statistical significance in older age, hypertension, bilateral lung plaque shadow, decrease in lymphocyte count, increase in C-reactive protein (CRP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase, and creatine kinase. CONCLUSIONS: Age, combined hypertension, oxygenation index, double lung patch, decreased lymphocyte count, and elevated levels of C-reactive protein, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, and creatine kinase can be used as predictors of the disease severity.
JO  - Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32271459
DO  - 10.26355/eurrev_202003_20711
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Successful treatment of COVID-19 using extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, a case report
AU  - Zhan, W. Q.
AU  - Li, M. D.
AU  - Xu, M.
AU  - Lu, Y. B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since the end of 2019, COVID-19 has been prevalent in Wuhan, China, and has been rapidly spreading to mainland China. Currently, more than 80,000 people have been infected, of which over 10,000 were severely ill and had characteristics of dyspnea and hypoxemia about one week after onset. Severe patients had rapidly progressed to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), causing multiple organ failures and even death, with a mortality rate of nearly 4.3%. The treatment of severe COVID-19 patients has been rarely reported. This study reported a successful example of a severe COVID-19 patient with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) technology in our hospital. This experience revealed that the early application of ECMO can dramatically promote the recovery of severe COVID-19 patients.
JO  - Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32271455
DO  - 10.26355/eurrev_202003_20705
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: review Indigenous peoples' data
AU  - Zavaleta, Carol
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32265568
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-01032-1
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Model for COVID-19 Prediction in Iran Based on China Parameters
AU  - Zareie, Bushra
AU  - Roshani, Amin
AU  - Mansournia, Mohammad Ali
AU  - Rasouli, Mohammad Aziz
AU  - Moradi, Ghobad
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: The rapid spread of COVID-19 virus from China to other countries and outbreaks of disease require an epidemiological analysis of the disease in the shortest time and an increased awareness of effective interventions. The purpose of this study was to estimate the COVID-19 epidemic in Iran based on the SIR model. The results of the analysis of the epidemiological data of Iran from January 22 to March 24, 2020 were investigated and prediction was made until April 15, 2020. METHODS: By estimating the three parameters of time-dependent transmission rate, time-dependent recovery rate, and timedependent death rate from Covid-19 outbreak in China, and using the number of Covid-19 infections in Iran, we predicted the number of patients for the next month in Iran. Each of these parameters was estimated using GAM models. All analyses were conducted in R software using the mgcv package. RESULTS: Based on our predictions of Iran about 29000 people will be infected from March 25 to April 15, 2020. On average, 1292 people with COVID-19 are expected to be infected daily in Iran. The epidemic peaks within 3 days (March 25 to March 27, 2020) and reaches its highest point on March 25, 2020 with 1715 infected cases. CONCLUSION: The most important point is to emphasize the timing of the epidemic peak, hospital readiness, government measures and public readiness to reduce social contact.
JO  - Arch Iran Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32271597
DO  - 10.34172/aim.2020.05
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Fighting COVID-19 in Iran; Economic Challenges Ahead
AU  - Zandifar, Atefeh
AU  - Badrfam, Rahim
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Arch Iran Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32271606
DO  - 10.34172/aim.2020.14
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical efficacy of lopinavir/ritonavir in the treatment of Coronavirus disease 2019
AU  - Ye, X. T.
AU  - Luo, Y. L.
AU  - Xia, S. C.
AU  - Sun, Q. F.
AU  - Ding, J. G.
AU  - Zhou, Y.
AU  - Chen, W.
AU  - Wang, X. F.
AU  - Zhang, W. W.
AU  - Du, W. J.
AU  - Ruan, Z. W.
AU  - Hong, L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE: The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) which outbroke in December 2019 is highly contagious with a low cure rate. In view of this, there is an urgent need to find a more appropriate therapeutic scheme against COVID-19. The study aimed to investigate whether lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) in combination with other pneumonia-associated adjuvant drugs has a better therapeutic effect on COVID-19. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Totally 47 patients with COVID-19 infection who were admitted to Rui'an People's Hospital between January 22 and January 29, 2020 were collected. The patients were divided into the test group and the control group according to whether they had been treated with LPV/r or not during hospitalization. Patients in the test group were treated with LPV/r combined with adjuvant medicine, while those in the control group were just treated with adjuvant medicine. The changes of body temperature, blood routine and blood biochemistry between the two groups were observed and compared. RESULTS: Both groups achieved good therapeutic effect with the body temperature of patients decreased gradually from admission to the 10th day of treatment. But the body temperature of patients in the test group decreased faster than that of the control group. Blood routine indexes showed that compared with the control group, the abnormal proportion of white blood cells, lymphocytes and C-reactive protein of the test group could be reduced to some extent. Blood biochemical indexes exhibited that the proportion of patients with abnormal alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase in the test group were lower than the control group. The number of days for nCoV-RNA turning negative after treatment was significantly decreased in the test group than that in the control group. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with the treatment of pneumonia-associated adjuvant drugs alone, the combination treatment with LPV/r and adjuvant drugs has a more evident therapeutic effect in lowering the body temperature and restoring normal physiological mechanisms with no evident toxic and side effects. In view of these conclusions, we suggested that the use of LPV/r combined with pneumonia-associated adjuvant drugs in the clinical treatment for patients with COVID-19 should be promoted.
JO  - Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32271456
DO  - 10.26355/eurrev_202003_20706
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Modified SEIR and AI prediction of the epidemics trend of COVID-19 in China under public health interventions
AU  - Yang, Zifeng
AU  - Zeng, Zhiqi
AU  - Wang, Ke
AU  - Wong, Sook-San
AU  - Liang, Wenhua
AU  - Zanin, Mark
AU  - Liu, Peng
AU  - Cao, Xudong
AU  - Gao, Zhongqiang
AU  - Mai, Zhitong
AU  - Liang, Jingyi
AU  - Liu, Xiaoqing
AU  - Li, Shiyue
AU  - Li, Yimin
AU  - Ye, Feng
AU  - Guan, Weijie
AU  - Yang, Yifan
AU  - Li, Fei
AU  - Luo, Shengmei
AU  - Xie, Yuqi
AU  - Liu, Bin
AU  - Wang, Zhoulang
AU  - Zhang, Shaobo
AU  - Wang, Yaonan
AU  - Zhong, Nanshan
AU  - He, Jianxing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak originating in Wuhan, Hubei province, China, coincided with chunyun, the period of mass migration for the annual Spring Festival. To contain its spread, China adopted unprecedented nationwide interventions on January 23 2020. These policies included large-scale quarantine, strict controls on travel and extensive monitoring of suspected cases. However, it is unknown whether these policies have had an impact on the epidemic. We sought to show how these control measures impacted the containment of the epidemic. Methods: We integrated population migration data before and after January 23 and most updated COVID-19 epidemiological data into the Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Removed (SEIR) model to derive the epidemic curve. We also used an artificial intelligence (AI) approach, trained on the 2003 SARS data, to predict the epidemic. Results: We found that the epidemic of China should peak by late February, showing gradual decline by end of April. A five-day delay in implementation would have increased epidemic size in mainland China three-fold. Lifting the Hubei quarantine would lead to a second epidemic peak in Hubei province in mid-March and extend the epidemic to late April, a result corroborated by the machine learning prediction. Conclusions: Our dynamic SEIR model was effective in predicting the COVID-19 epidemic peaks and sizes. The implementation of control measures on January 23 2020 was indispensable in reducing the eventual COVID-19 epidemic size.
JO  - J Thorac Dis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32274081
DO  - 10.21037/jtd.2020.02.64
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - CT imaging of one extended family cluster of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) including adolescent patients and "silent infection"
AU  - Xu, Rui
AU  - Du, Mingshan
AU  - Li, Linfeng
AU  - Zhen, Zhiming
AU  - Wang, Huiyou
AU  - Hu, Xiaofei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Quant Imaging Med Surg
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32269939
DO  - 10.21037/qims.2020.02.13
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical Characteristics of Patients Who Died of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China
AU  - Xie, Jianfeng
AU  - Tong, Zhaohui
AU  - Guan, Xiangdong
AU  - Du, Bin
AU  - Qiu, Haibo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA Netw Open
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32275319
DO  - 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.5619
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Taking preventive measures immediately: evidence from China on COVID-19]
AU  - Zhao, Guanlan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Gac Sanit
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32265049
DO  - 10.1016/j.gaceta.2020.03.002
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and emergency planning
AU  - Winter, George
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Br J Community Nurs
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32267768
DO  - 10.12968/bjcn.2020.25.4.184
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A call for caution in extrapolating chest CT sensitivity for COVID-19 derived from hospital data to patients among general population
AU  - Wang, Yi Xiang J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Quant Imaging Med Surg
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32269938
DO  - 10.21037/qims.2020.03.04
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Utilizing integrating network pharmacological approaches to investigate the potential mechanism of Ma Xing Shi Gan Decoction in treating COVID-19
AU  - Wang, Y. X.
AU  - Ma, J. R.
AU  - Wang, S. Q.
AU  - Zeng, Y. Q.
AU  - Zhou, C. Y.
AU  - Ru, Y. H.
AU  - Zhang, L.
AU  - Lu, Z. G.
AU  - Wu, M. H.
AU  - Li, H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Beginning in December 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), due to 2019-nCoV infection, emerged in Wuhan and spread rapidly throughout China and even worldwide. Employing combined therapy of modern medicine and traditional Chinese medicine has been proposed, in which Ma Xing Shi Gan Decoction (MXSGD) was recommended as a basic prescription and applied widely in the clinical treatment of COVID-19. We investigated the underlying mechanism of MXSGD in treating COVID-19 utilizing the approaches of integrating network pharmacology. A total of 97 active ingredients of MXSGD were screened out, and 169 targets were predicted. The protein-protein interaction network exhibited hub targets of MXSGD, such as Heat shock protein 90, RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase, Transcription factor AP-1, Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1, Cellular tumor antigen p53, Vascular endothelial growth factor A, and Tumour necrosis factor. Gene Ontology functional enrichment analysis demonstrated that the biological processes altered within the body after taking MXSGD were closely related to the regulation of such processes as the acute inflammatory response, chemokine production, vascular permeability, response to oxygen radicals, oxidative stress-induced apoptosis, T cell differentiation involved in the immune response, immunoglobulin secretion, and extracellular matrix disassembly. KEGG enrichment analysis indicated that the targets of MXSGD were significantly enriched in inflammation-related pathways, immunomodulation-related pathways, and viral infection-related pathways. The therapeutic mechanisms of MXSGD on COVID-19 may primarily involve the following effects: reducing inflammation, suppressing cytokine storm, protecting the pulmonary alveolar-capillary barrier, alleviating pulmonary edema, regulating the immune response, and decreasing fever.
JO  - Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32271454
DO  - 10.26355/eurrev_202003_20704
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mask crisis during the COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Wang, M. W.
AU  - Zhou, M. Y.
AU  - Ji, G. H.
AU  - Ye, L.
AU  - Cheng, Y. R.
AU  - Feng, Z. H.
AU  - Chen, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - On December 31, 2019, the World Health Organization (WHO) reported a cluster of cases of pneumonia of unknown cause detected in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China. As of February 29, 2020, the National Health Commission of China has reported 79,389 confirmed cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection in 34 provinces. The masks can be used to block respiratory transmission from human to human, and are an effective way to control influenza. It is, therefore, necessary to wear a mask when respiratory infectious diseases are prevalent. China has a population of 1.4 billion. Assuming that two-thirds of the people in China must wear a mask every day, the daily demand for masks will reach 900 million. The Chinese government has taken many measures to solve these problems. Additionally, more measures should be taken to properly dispose of mask garbage. Although the outbreak originated in China, person-to-person transmission of SARS-CoV-2 has been confirmed, which means that it can be spread to anywhere in the world if prevention measures fail. The issues regarding face mask shortages and garbage in China, therefore, deserve worldwide attention.
JO  - Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32271457
DO  - 10.26355/eurrev_202003_20707
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mathematical modelling of COVID-19 transmission and mitigation strategies in the population of Ontario, Canada
AU  - Tuite, Ashleigh R.
AU  - Fisman, David N.
AU  - Greer, Amy L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Physical-distancing interventions are being used in Canada to slow the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, but it is not clear how effective they will be. We evaluated how different nonpharmaceutical interventions could be used to control the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and reduce the burden on the health care system. METHODS: We used an age-structured compartmental model of COVID-19 transmission in the population of Ontario, Canada. We compared a base case with limited testing, isolation and quarantine to scenarios with the following: enhanced case finding, restrictive physical-distancing measures, or a combination of enhanced case finding and less restrictive physical distancing. Interventions were either implemented for fixed durations or dynamically cycled on and off, based on projected occupancy of intensive care unit (ICU) beds. We present medians and credible intervals from 100 replicates per scenario using a 2-year time horizon. RESULTS: We estimated that 56% (95% credible interval 42%-63%) of the Ontario population would be infected over the course of the epidemic in the base case. At the epidemic peak, we projected 107 000 (95% credible interval 60 760-149 000) cases in hospital (non-ICU) and 55 500 (95% credible interval 32 700-75 200) cases in ICU. For fixed-duration scenarios, all interventions were projected to delay and reduce the height of the epidemic peak relative to the base case, with restrictive physical distancing estimated to have the greatest effect. Longer duration interventions were more effective. Dynamic interventions were projected to reduce the proportion of the population infected at the end of the 2-year period and could reduce the median number of cases in ICU below current estimates of Ontario's ICU capacity. INTERPRETATION: Without substantial physical distancing or a combination of moderate physical distancing with enhanced case finding, we project that ICU resources would be overwhelmed. Dynamic physical distancing could maintain health-system capacity and also allow periodic psychological andeconomic respite for populations.
JO  - CMAJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32269018
DO  - 10.1503/cmaj.200476
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus and analgesics
AU  - Skoglund, L. A.
AU  - Vigen, E. C.
AU  - Coulthard, P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Br Dent J
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32277180
DO  - 10.1038/s41415-020-1485-y
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: Hygiene and Public Health to the front
AU  - Signorelli, Carlo
AU  - Fara, Gaetano Maria
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Public Health professionals and academics have been on the frontline of Italian history during the COVID-19 response like they never did before. Ancient professors of Hygiene such as Celli, Pagliani, Sclavo, Petragnani, Seppilli and Giovanardi flanked politicians in other critical moments. They helped them to manage healthcare reforms, earthquakes response, Seveso Dioxin disaster, cholera and poliomielitis epidemics and other health threats. The ongoing COVID-19 epidemic has highlighted the paramount importance of the practical application of basic concepts of public health, which were considered so far became obsolete, such as personal hygiene, quarantine, individual protective devices or basic epidemiological measures. Hygiene and Public Health used to have a targeted audience in professionals and lecturers. Nowadays, these topics are critical and of concern of a much larger audience. Public Health women and men are now asked to act in task forces, media broadcasts, webinars and consulting activities. In phase 2 of this epidemic - which is about to begin when this volume is to be published - the role of Public Health professionals could become even more relevant. However, this unexpected season must be managed with seriousness and intelligence, capitalizing it also for the future. If our Post-Graduate Schools of Public Health ("Igiene e Medicina Preventiva"), our scientific associations, our academic lecturers and our officers do not prove to be up to the situation, a dull future for the discipline might very well be. On the contrary, if as we all hope, we will be able to ride the wave of a dramatic health crisis, transforming it into a relevant scientific and professional opportunity, then we will be able to build on the post-COVID-19 a cutting-edge, a more attractive, relevant and modern discipline. This Supplement of Acta Biomedica, planned before the onset of the epidemic emergency in Italy, but already successful in presenting two papers on COVID-19, is further proof of how current and lively our discipline is.
JO  - Acta Biomed
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32275261
DO  - 10.23750/abm.v91i3-S.9507
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Hopelessness, helplessness and resilience: The importance of safeguarding our trainees' mental wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Shaw, Sebastian C. K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nurse Educ Pract
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32272394
DO  - 10.1016/j.nepr.2020.102780
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Attach importance to COVID-19 infection on maternal and infant outcomes]
AU  - Wang, C.
AU  - Yang, H. X.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32268709
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112141-20200229-00151
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Role of Social Media and Telemedicine in Diagnosis & Management of COVID-19; An Experience of the Iranian Society of Radiology
AU  - Sanei Taheri, Morteza
AU  - Falahati, Farahnaz
AU  - Radpour, Alireza
AU  - Karimi, Vahid
AU  - Sedaghat, Abdolrasoul
AU  - Karimi, Mohammad Ali
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Arch Iran Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32271607
DO  - 10.34172/aim.2020.15
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Type 1 interferons as a potential treatment against COVID-19
AU  - Sallard, Erwan
AU  - Lescure, Francois-Xavier
AU  - Yazdanpanah, Yazdan
AU  - Mentre, France
AU  - Peiffer-Smadja, Nathan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Type 1 interferons have a broad antiviral activity in vitro and are currently evaluated in a clinical trial to treat MERS-CoV. In this review, we discuss preliminary data concerning the potential activity of type 1 interferons on SARS-CoV-2, and the relevance of evaluating these molecules in clinical trials for the treatment of COVID-19.
JO  - Antiviral Res
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32275914
DO  - 10.1016/j.antiviral.2020.104791
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Upheaval in cancer care during the COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Salako, Omolola
AU  - Okunade, Kehinde
AU  - Allsop, Matthew
AU  - Habeebu, Muhammedu
AU  - Toye, Mariam
AU  - Oluyede, Glory
AU  - Fagbenro, Gabriel
AU  - Salako, Babatunde
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - On Monday, 23 March 2020, Nigeria recorded its first mortality from the novel global COVID-19 outbreak. Before this, the country reported 36 confirmed cases (at the time of writing) and has discharged home two cases after weeks of care at a government-approved isolation centre in Lagos State. This first mortality was that of a 67-year-old man with a history of multiple myeloma, a type of blood cancer. He was undergoing chemotherapy and had just returned to Nigeria following medical treatment in the United Kingdom. The novel COVID-19 pandemic has grounded several global activities including the provision of health care services to people with chronic conditions such as cancer. Evidence from China suggests that cancer patients with COVID-19 infection are a vulnerable group, with a higher risk of severe illness resulting in intensive care unit admissions or death, particularly if they received chemotherapy or surgery. This letter is an attempt to suggest practicable interventions such as the use of existing digital health platforms to limit patients' and oncology professionals' physical interactions as a way of reducing the risk of COVID-19 infection transmission amongst cancer patients and oncologists, as well as outlining effective strategies to ensure that cancer care is not completely disrupted during the outbreak.
JO  - Ecancermedicalscience
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32269597
DO  - 10.3332/ecancer.2020.ed97
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Anosmia and ageusia are emerging as symptoms in patients with COVID-19: What does the current evidence say?
AU  - Russell, Beth
AU  - Moss, Charlotte
AU  - Rigg, Anne
AU  - Hopkins, Claire
AU  - Papa, Sophie
AU  - Van Hemelrijck, Mieke
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - There have been several reports noting anosmia and ageusia as possible symptoms of COVID-19. This is of particular interest in oncology since patients receiving some cancer treatments such as chemotherapy or immune therapy often experience similar symptoms as side-effects. The purpose of this report was to summarise the evidence on the existence of anosmia and ageusia an emerging COVID-19 symptoms in order to better inform both oncology patients and clinicians. Currently, there is no published evidence or case reports noting anosmia or ageusia as symptoms of COVID-19. Nevertheless, experts in rhinology have suggested that the onset of such symptoms could either act as a trigger for testing for the disease where possible, or could be a new criterion to self-isolate. Whilst more data is currently needed to strengthen our knowledge of the symptoms of COVID-19, oncology patients who are concerned about anosmia or ageusia in the context of their systemic anti-cancer therapy should contact their acute oncology support line for advice.
JO  - Ecancermedicalscience
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32269598
DO  - 10.3332/ecancer.2020.ed98
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Pandemic and Comparative Health Policy Learning in Iran
AU  - Raoofi, Azam
AU  - Takian, Amirhossein
AU  - Akbari Sari, Ali
AU  - Olyaeemanesh, Alireza
AU  - Haghighi, Hajar
AU  - Aarabi, Mohsen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) a global pandemic. Starting in December 2019 from China, the first cases were officially announced on February 19 in Qom city, Iran. As of April 3, 2020, 206 countries have reported a total of 932166 cases with 46764 deaths. Along with China, USA, Italy, Spain, and Germany, Iran has been suffering the hardest burden of COVID-19 outbreak. Worse still, countries like Iran are struggling with the double burden of political sanctions to provide lifesaving medical equipment and medicines to combat the emergency. METHODS: Using systematic document content analysis and through the lenses of health policy triangle, this article aims to compare the policies and strategies that Iran is adopting, with the experience and recommendations of China and WHO to combat COVID-19. RESULTS: Iran has formulated contextual-based policies to combat COVID-19 outbreak before and after virus entrance. Insufficient whole-government, whole-society approach in managing the outbreak, inadequate lifesaving and protective equipment, and delayed decisive governance are the biggest challenges in policy making to combat COVID-19. COVID-19 policies are a public health concern and require professional advocacy attempts through appropriate inter-sectoral collaboration and whole-government coalitions. CONCLUSION: COVID-19 is an unfolding outbreak; hence, policy learning is crucial to formulate appropriate policies and implement them accordingly. Iran has made many efforts to defeat the outbreak, but more coherent, timely and efficient action is required, now, more than ever, to save lives and slow the spread of this pandemic.
JO  - Arch Iran Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32271594
DO  - 10.34172/aim.2020.02
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - IR of Iran National Mobilization against COVID-19 Epidemic
AU  - Raeisi, Alireza
AU  - Tabrizi, Jafar Sadegh
AU  - Gouya, Mohammad Mehdi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Arch Iran Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32271593
DO  - 10.34172/aim.2020.01
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Exploring the genetics, ecology of SARS-COV-2 and climatic factors as possible control strategies against COVID-19
AU  - Abdullahi, Idris Nasir
AU  - Emeribe, Anthony Uchenna
AU  - Mustapha, Jelili Olaide
AU  - Fasogbon, Samuel Ayobami
AU  - Ofor, Igr Bassey
AU  - Opeyemi, Imodoye Sikiru
AU  - Obi-George, Chibueze
AU  - Sunday, Animasaun Olawale
AU  - Nwofe, Justin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The world has been thrown into pandemonium due to the recent Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic. Early available clinical data have indicated that geriatric persons cum those with co-morbidity such as cardiovascular, metabolic and immunological disorders suffered severe form of COVID-19. All countries and territories of the world are currently exploring available strategies to control the pandemic with the hope to significantly minimize its morbidity and mortality rate. This present study critically reviewed available and latest research progress on the genetics and ecology of SARS-CoV-2, as well as the influence of climatic factors on the spread of COVID-19, and thus, discussed how these concepts could be harnessed for COVID-19 control and further scientific advancements in resolving the pandemic.
JO  - Infez Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32275258
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and Iranian Medical Students; A Survey on Their Related-Knowledge, Preventive Behaviors and Risk Perception
AU  - Taghrir, Mohammad Hossein
AU  - Borazjani, Roham
AU  - Shiraly, Ramin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Since December 2019, a novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) began its journey around the world. Medical students, as frontline healthcare workers, are more susceptible to be infected by the virus. The aim of this study was to assess COVID-19 related knowledge, self-reported preventive behaviors and risk perception among Iranian medical students within the first week after the onset of the outbreak in Iran. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted from 26th to 28th of February, 2020. Participants were Iranian medical students (5th-7th year) whose knowledge, preventive behaviors and risk perceptions of COVID-19 were assessed using an online questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of 26 questions including 15 items about COVID-19 related knowledge, 9 items regarding preventive measures and 2 items about COVID-19 risk perception. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were shown to be satisfactory. RESULTS: A total of 240 medical students completed the questionnaire. The mean age of participants was 23.67 years. The average of correct answers of knowledge was 86.96%; and 79.60% had high level of related knowledge. The average rate of practicing preventive behaviors was 94.47%; and 94.2% had high level of performance in preventive behaviors. The cumulative score of risk perception was 4.08 out of 8 which was in moderate range. Risk perception was significantly different between stagers and interns and between those being trained in emergency room (ER) and non-ER wards. There was a significant negative correlation between preventive behaviors and risk perception. CONCLUSION: We found a high level of COVID-19 related knowledge and self-reported preventive behaviors and moderate risk perception among Iranian medical students.
JO  - Arch Iran Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32271598
DO  - 10.34172/aim.2020.06
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Efficacy of Mass Quarantine as Leverage of Health System Governance During COVID-19 Outbreak: A Mini Policy Review
AU  - Taghrir, Mohammad Hossein
AU  - Akbarialiabad, Hossein
AU  - Ahmadi Marzaleh, Milad
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - On January 23, 2020, the Chinese government announced the city lockdown of Wuhan. Since then, there have been controversial debates among experts about the efficacy of mass quarantine, the oldest and probably one of the most effective methods for controlling infectious disease outbreaks. The impact of health policymaking section of health system governance becomes visible to all stakeholders and the public in such emergency contexts. The success and failure of such policies should be evaluated in order to find the proper course of action for the local and international communities. In this review, we aim to investigate the efficacy of mass quarantine in China during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. We found good quality evidence for the effectiveness of mass quarantine during the current stage of COVID-19 pandemic, and these strategies seem to have been highly effective in controlling the spread of the disease.
JO  - Arch Iran Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32271600
DO  - 10.34172/aim.2020.08
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Science in the time of coronavirus
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nat Methods
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32242152
DO  - 10.1038/s41592-020-0807-y
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Perioperative management of cesarean section for pregnant women with suspected or confirmed COVID-19]
AU  - Sun, L. L.
AU  - Gong, Q.
AU  - Liao, J.
AU  - Ke, J. J.
AU  - Wang, Y.
AU  - Zhang, Y. Z.
AU  - Zhang, W.
AU  - Li, J. F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32268712
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112141-20200220-00118
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Should Infants Be Separated from Mothers with COVID-19? First, Do No Harm
AU  - Stuebe, Alison
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Breastfeed Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32271625
DO  - 10.1089/bfm.2020.29153.ams
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Hospital pharmacists' pharmaceutical care for hospitalized patients with COVID-19: Recommendations and guidance from clinical experience
AU  - Song, Zaiwei
AU  - Hu, Yang
AU  - Zheng, Siqian
AU  - Yang, Li
AU  - Zhao, Rongsheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE: To discuss hospital pharmacists' role in providing pharmaceutical care for hospitalized patients with COVID-19 to promote patient care and management during the pandemic. METHOD: Based on the method of evidence-based pharmacy, clinical evidence of therapeutical drugs for COVID-19 were retrieved and summarized. Based on clinical experience Chinese hospital pharmacists gained from providing pharmaceutical care services during COVID-19 pandemic, taking COVID-19 hospitalized patients' needs into consideration, the methods and strategies hospital pharmacists shall use to provide pharmaceutical care were analyzed and summarized. RESULTS: Hospital pharmacists shall support pharmaceutical care services by participating in making evidence-based decisions for medication, monitoring and evaluation of medication safety and efficacy, providing strengthened care for special population and patients with combined underlying diseases, monitoring and management of convalescent plasma therapy, providing emotional counselling and psychological support, and providing scientific information about COVID-19 vaccines. CONCLUSION: The need of pharmaceutical care services in COVID-19 hospitalized patients during this pandemic was quite distinguished from the past. Hospital pharmacists shall join the collaborative multidisciplinary team to improve COVID-19 patients' outcome and reduce mortality, and to facilitate the pandemic control.
JO  - Res Social Adm Pharm
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32273253
DO  - 10.1016/j.sapharm.2020.03.027
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Systematic perinatal management of the pregnant women and neonates during the epidemic of COVID-19]
AU  - Pu, J.
AU  - Liu, X. X.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32268711
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112141-20200221-00123
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 19 and human pregnancy
AU  - Perez-Lopez, Faustino R.
AU  - Saviron-Cornudella, Ricardo
AU  - Chedraui, Peter
AU  - Genazzani, Andrea R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Gynecol Endocrinol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32270743
DO  - 10.1080/09513590.2020.1747426
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Improved Early Recognition of Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19): Single-Center Data from a Shanghai Screening Hospital
AU  - Peng, Ling
AU  - Liu, Kang-Yong
AU  - Xue, Fei
AU  - Miao, Ya-Fang
AU  - Tu, Ping-An
AU  - Zhou, Chao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: In December 2019, an outbreak of a novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19; previously known as 2019-nCoV) was reported in Wuhan, Hubei province, China, which has subsequently affected more than 200 countries worldwide including Europe, North America, Oceania, Africa and other places. The number of infected people is rapidly increasing, while the diagnostic method of COVID-19 is only by nucleic acid testing. OBJECTIVE: To explain the epidemiological characteristics, clinical features, imaging manifestations and to judge diagnostic value of COVID-19 by analyzing the clinical data of COVID-19 suspected and confirmed patients in a non-outbreak, Shanghai, China. To clarify the early epidemiology and clinical characteristics about COVID-19. METHODS: Cross-sectional, single-center case reports of the 86 patients screened at Zhoupu Hospital in Pudong New District, Shanghai, China, from January 23 to February 16, 2020. Epidemiology, demography, clinical, laboratory and chest CTs were collected and analyzed. The screened patients were divided into COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 based on nucleic acid test results. RESULTS: Of the 86 screened patients, 11 were confirmed (12.8%) by nucleic acid testing (mean age 40.73 +/- 11.32, 5 males). No significant differences were found in clinical symptoms including fever, cough, dyspnea, sore throat, and fatigue (P > 0.05). No statistical difference was observed in plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) between the two groups (COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 ) of patients (P = 0.402), while the white blood cell count and lymphocyte count of the confirmed patients were slightly lower than those of the suspected patients (P < 0.05). Some non-COVID-19 chest CTs also showed subpleural lesions, such as ground-glass opacities (GGO) combined with bronchiectasis; or halo nodules distributed under the pleura with focal GGO; consolidation of subpleural distribution or combined with air bronchi sign and vascular bundle sign, etc. CONCLUSION: The early clinical manifestations and imaging findings of COVID-19 are not characteristic in non-outbreak areas. Etiological testing should be performed as early as possible for clinically suspected patients.
JO  - Arch Iran Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32271602
DO  - 10.34172/aim.2020.10
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Food (in)security in Brazil in the context of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic
AU  - Oliveira, Tatiana Coura
AU  - Abranches, Monise Viana
AU  - Lana, Raquel Martins
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Cad Saude Publica
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32267383
DO  - 10.1590/0102-311X00055220
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Social Media Spread During Covid-19: The Pros and Cons of Likes and Shares
AU  - O'Brien, M.
AU  - Moore, K.
AU  - McNicholas, F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Ir Med J
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32268046
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and risks to the supply and quality of tests, drugs, and vaccines
AU  - Newton, Paul N.
AU  - Bond, Katherine C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Lancet Glob Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32278364
DO  - 10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30136-4
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Provision of Service During the Covid-19 Pandemic
AU  - Nason, G. J.
AU  - Rohan, P.
AU  - O'Reilly, M. K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Ir Med J
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32268043
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Evaluation of the Level of Anxiety among Iranian Multiple Sclerosis Fellowships During the Outbreak of COVID-19
AU  - Naser Moghadasi, Abdorreza
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Arch Iran Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32271605
DO  - 10.34172/aim.2020.13
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Supply of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) During the Covid-19 Pandemic
AU  - Rohan, P.
AU  - O'Reilly, M. K.
AU  - Gibney, B.
AU  - Nason, G. J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Ir Med J
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32268059
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Genomic Epidemiology and its importance in the study of the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Rodriguez-Morales, Alfonso J.
AU  - Balbin-Ramon, Graciela J.
AU  - Rabaan, Ali A.
AU  - Sah, Ranjit
AU  - Dhama, Kuldeep
AU  - Paniz-Mondolfi, Alberto
AU  - Pagliano, Pasquale
AU  - Esposito, Silvano
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Not available.
JO  - Infez Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32275255
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Incorporating telemedicine as part of COVID-19 outbreak response systems
AU  - Rockwell, Kimberly Lovett
AU  - Gilroy, Alexis S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Healthcare providers should revisit disaster response policies to incorporate telemedicine systems to address some of the unique challenges posed by infectious disease outbreaks such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
JO  - Am J Manag Care
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32270980
DO  - 10.37765/ajmc.2020.42784
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 invades the West. How to face a COVID-19 epidemic in Lombardy, Northern Italy?
AU  - Rizzi, Marco
AU  - Castelli, Francesco
AU  - Latronico, Nicola
AU  - Foca, Emanuele
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Not available.
JO  - Infez Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32275253
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: The Pandemic of Our Time
AU  - Murphy, J. F. A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Ir Med J
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32267942
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID19 Prevention & Care; A Cancer Specific Guideline
AU  - Motlagh, Ali
AU  - Yamrali, Maisa
AU  - Azghandi, Samira
AU  - Azadeh, Payam
AU  - Vaezi, Mohammad
AU  - Ashrafi, Farzaneh
AU  - Zendehdel, Kazem
AU  - Mirzaei, Hamidreza
AU  - Basi, Ali
AU  - Rakhsha, Afshin
AU  - Seifi, Sharareh
AU  - Tabatabaeefar, Morteza
AU  - Elahi, Ahmad
AU  - Pirjani, Pouneh
AU  - Moadab Shoar, Leila
AU  - Nadarkhani, Faranak
AU  - Khoshabi, Mostafa
AU  - Bahar, Massih
AU  - Esfahani, Fatemeh
AU  - Fudazi, Hossein
AU  - Samiei, Farhad
AU  - Farazmand, Borna
AU  - Ahmari, Azin
AU  - Vand Rajabpour, Mojtaba
AU  - Janbabaei, Ghasem
AU  - Raisi, Alireza
AU  - Ostovar, Afshin
AU  - Malekzadeh, Reza
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - On March 11th 2020, the coronavirus outbreak was declared a pandemic by the WHO. One of the groups that is considered high risk in this pandemic are cancer patients as they are treated with a variety of immune system suppressor treatment modalities and this puts them in a great risk for infectious disease (including COVID-19). Therefore, cancer patients require higher level measures for preventing and treating infectious diseases. furthermore, cancer patients may bear additional risk due to the restriction of access to the routine diagnostic and therapeutic services during such epidemic. Since most of the attention of health systems is towards patients affected with COVID-19, the need for structured and unified approaches to COVID-19 prevention and care specific to cancer patients and cancer centers is felt more than ever. This article provides the recommendations and possible actions that should be considered by patients, their caregivers and families, physician, nurses, managers and staff of medical centers involved in cancer diagnosis and treatment. We pursued two major goals in our recommendations: first, limiting the exposure of cancer patients to medical environments and second, modifying the treatment modalities in a manner that reduces the probability of myelosuppression such as delaying elective diagnostic and therapeutic services, shortening the treatment course, or prolonging the interval between treatment courses.
JO  - Arch Iran Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32271599
DO  - 10.34172/aim.2020.07
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chest radiography and computed tomography findings from a Brazilian patient with COVID-19 pneumonia
AU  - Moreira, Bruno Lima
AU  - Brotto, Marcos Pama D'Almeida
AU  - Marchiori, Edson
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Rev Soc Bras Med Trop
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32267461
DO  - 10.1590/0037-8682-0134-2020
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Canadian Geriatrics Society COVID-19 Recommendations for Older Adults. What Do Older Adults Need To Know?
AU  - Montero-Odasso, Manuel
AU  - Goens, S. Denise
AU  - Kamkar, Nellie
AU  - Lam, Robert
AU  - Madden, Kenneth
AU  - Molnar, Frank
AU  - Speechley, Mark
AU  - Stranges, Saverio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Can Geriatr J
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32269670
DO  - 10.5770/cgj.23.443
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Driving forces for COVID-19 clinical trials using chloroquine: the need to choose the right research questions and outcomes
AU  - Monteiro, Wuelton Marcelo
AU  - Brito-Sousa, Jose Diego
AU  - Baia-da-Silva, Djane
AU  - Melo, Gisely Cardoso de
AU  - Siqueira, Andre Machado
AU  - Val, Fernando
AU  - Daniel-Ribeiro, Claudio Tadeu
AU  - Guimaraes Lacerda, Marcus Vinicius
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Rev Soc Bras Med Trop
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32267301
DO  - 10.1590/0037-8682-0155-2020
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Vitamin D, Covid-19 and Children
AU  - Molloy, E. J.
AU  - Murphy, N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Ir Med J
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32268052
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Exponentially Increasing Rate of Patients Infected with COVID-19 in Iran
AU  - Moftakhar, Leila
AU  - Seif, Mozhgan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Coronavirus, the cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome (COVID-19), is rapidly spreading around the world. Since the number of corona positive patients is increasing sharply in Iran, this study aimed to forecast the number of newly infected patients in the coming days in Iran. METHODS: The data used in this study were obtained from daily reports of the Iranian Ministry of Health and the datasets provided by the Johns Hopkins University including the number of new infected cases from February 19, 2020 to March 21, 2020. The autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model was applied to predict the number of patients during the next thirty days. RESULTS: The ARIMA model forecasted an exponential increase in the number of newly detected patients. The result of this study also show that if the spreading pattern continues the same as before, the number of daily new cases would be 3574 by April 20. CONCLUSION: Since this disease is highly contagious, health politicians need to make decisions to prevent its spread; otherwise, even the most advanced and capable health care systems would face problems for treating all infected patients and a substantial number of deaths will become inevitable.
JO  - Arch Iran Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32271595
DO  - 10.34172/aim.2020.03
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Research towards treating COVID-19
AU  - Mendes, Aysha
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Br J Community Nurs
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32267762
DO  - 10.12968/bjcn.2020.25.4.204
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - No evidence supports the use of ether and chloroform inhalation for treating COVID-19
AU  - Martins-Filho, Paulo Ricardo
AU  - Santos, Victor Santana
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Rev Panam Salud Publica
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32269593
DO  - 10.26633/RPSP.2020.41
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pregnancy and Sars-Cov-2: A Novel Virus in a Unique Population
AU  - Mahony, R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Ir Med J
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32267662
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical manifestation, diagnosis, prevention and control of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) during the outbreak period
AU  - Ozma, Mahdi Asghari
AU  - Maroufi, Parham
AU  - Khodadadi, Ehsaneh
AU  - Kose, Sukran
AU  - Esposito, Isabella
AU  - Ganbarov, Khudaverdi
AU  - Dao, Sounkalo
AU  - Esposito, Silvano
AU  - Dal, Tuba
AU  - Zeinalzadeh, Elham
AU  - Kafil, Hossein Samadi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19), spreading from Wuhan, China, is one of the causes of respiratory infections that can spread to other people through respiratory particles, and can cause symptoms such as fever, dry cough, shortness of breath, anorexia, fatigue and sore throat in infected patients. This review summarizes current strategies on the diagnosis. Additionally, treatments, infection prevention and control of the SARS-CoV-2 are addressed. In addition to the respiratory system, this virus can infect the digestive system, the urinary system and the haematological system, which causes to observe the virus in the stool, urine and blood samples in addition to throat sample. The SARS-CoV-2 causes changes in blood cells and factors and makes lung abnormalities in patients, which can be detected by serological, molecular, and radiological techniques by detecting these changes and injuries. Radiological and serological methods are the most preferred among the other methods and the radiological method is the most preferred one which can diagnose the infection quickly and accurately with fewer false-negatives, that can be effective in protecting the patient's life by initiating treatment and preventing the transmission of infection to other people.
JO  - Infez Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32275257
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - CT Manifestation of COVID-19 Pneumonia; Role of Multiplanar Imaging
AU  - Ostad, S. P.
AU  - Haseli, S.
AU  - Iranpour, P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Acad Radiol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32276754
DO  - 10.1016/j.acra.2020.03.028
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - "Pandemic fear" and COVID-19: mental health burden and strategies
AU  - Ornell, Felipe
AU  - Schuch, Jaqueline B.
AU  - Sordi, Anne O.
AU  - Kessler, Felix Henrique Paim
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Braz J Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32267343
DO  - 10.1590/1516-4446-2020-0008
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Protecting Our Longevity Dividend During Covid-19
AU  - O'Neill, D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Ir Med J
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32268044
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus disease 2019: a bibliometric analysis and review
AU  - Lou, J.
AU  - Tian, S. J.
AU  - Niu, S. M.
AU  - Kang, X. Q.
AU  - Lian, H. X.
AU  - Zhang, L. X.
AU  - Zhang, J. J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE: On December 8, 2019, many cases of pneumonia with unknown etiology were first reported in Wuhan, China, subsequently identified as a novel coronavirus infection aroused worldwide concern. As the outbreak is ongoing, more and more researchers focused interest on the COVID-19. Therefore, we retrospectively analyzed the publications about COVID-19 to summarize the research hotspots and make a review, to provide reference for researchers in the world. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a search in PubMed using the keywords "COVID-19" from inception to March 1, 2020. Identified and analyzed the data included title, corresponding author, language, publication time, publication type, research focus. RESULTS: 183 publications published from 2020 January 14 to 2020 February 29 were included in the study. The first corresponding authors of the publications were from 20 different countries. Among them, 78 (42.6%) from the hospital, 64 (35%) from the university and 39 (21.3%) from the research institution. All the publications were published in 80 different journals. Journal of Medical Virology published most of them (n=25). 60 (32.8%) were original research, 29 (15.8%) were review, 20 (10.9%) were short communications. 68 (37.2%) epidemiology, 49 (26.8%) virology and 26 (14.2%) clinical features. CONCLUSIONS: According to our review, China has provided a large number of research data for various research fields, during the outbreak of COVID-19. Most of the findings play an important role in preventing and controlling the epidemic around the world. With research on the COVID-19 still booming, new vaccine and effective medicine for COVID-19 will be expected to come out in the near future with the joint efforts of researchers worldwide.
JO  - Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32271460
DO  - 10.26355/eurrev_202003_20712
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Vademecum for the treatment of people with COVID-19. Edition 2.0, 13 March 2020
AU  - Lombardy Section Italian Society, Infectious
AU  - Tropical, Diseases
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The spread of COVID-19 epidemic in Italy, and particularly in Lombardy determined the need to standardize the therapeutic approach in order to offer the same indications for all hospitals in Lombardy. However, no specific drug has been previously approved for the COVID-19 treatment. The Lombardy Section of the Italian Society of Infectious and Tropical Diseases provided this <<vademecum>> with the aim to explore the current evidence about the drugs likely to be efficacious in the treatment of COVID-19. Moreover, a multidisciplinary group including critical care specialists has been created in order to provide indications about supporting measures and the use of steroids. A new grading scale has been proposed to help patients' stratification according to the severity of the respiratory conditions. Lastly, a collaborating group with immunologists and rheumatologists has been built with the aim of providing some guidance about the use of tocilizumab, a promising option for the treatment of the hyperinflammatory state occurring in most patients affected by COVID-19.
JO  - Infez Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32275256
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in the community
AU  - Kurtkoti, Rucha
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Br J Community Nurs
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32267765
DO  - 10.12968/bjcn.2020.25.4.161
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Obstetric Anesthesia During the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic - a Brief Overview of Published Recommendations for Action by National and International Specialist Societies and Committees]
AU  - Kranke, Peter
AU  - Weibel, Stephanie
AU  - Sitter, Magdalena
AU  - Meybohm, Patrick
AU  - Girard, Thierry
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The most common human corona viruses cause common colds. But three of these viruses cause more serious, acute diseases; Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS by MERS-CoV), Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) by SARS-CoV and COVID-19 by SARS-CoV-2. The current outbreak was classified by the WHO as a "global public health emergency". Despite all efforts to reduce the surgical lists and to cancel or postpone non-time-critical surgical interventions, some surgical and anesthetic interventions outside of intensive care medicine are still necessary and must be performed. This is particularly true for obstetric interventions and neuraxial labor analgesia. Workload in the delivery room is presumably not going to decrease and planned cesarean sections cannot be postponed. In the meantime, the clinical course and outcome of some COVID-19 patients with an existing pregnancy or peripartum courses have been reported. There are already numerous recommendations from national and international bodies regarding the care of such patients. Some of these recommendations will be summarized in this manuscript. The selection of aspects should by no means be seen as a form of prioritization. The general treatment principles in dealing with COVID-19 patients and the recommendations for action in intensive care therapy also apply to pregnant and postpartum patients. In this respect, there are naturally considerable redundancies and only a few aspects apply strictly or exclusively to the cohort of obstetric patients. In summary, at present it must be stated that the general care recommendations that also apply to non-COVID-19 patients are initially valid with regard to obstetric anesthesia. Nevertheless, the special requirements on the part of hygiene and infection protection result in special circumstances that should be taken into account when caring for pregnant patients from an anesthetic point of view. These relate to both medical aspects, but also to a particular extent logistics issues with regard to spatial separation, staffing and material resources.
JO  - Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32274774
DO  - 10.1055/a-1144-5562
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in patients with diabetes: risk factors that increase morbidity
AU  - Klonoff, David C.
AU  - Umpierrez, Guillermo E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Metabolism
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32275971
DO  - 10.1016/j.metabol.2020.154224
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Optimisation of Vitamin D Status for Enhanced Immuno-protection Against Covid-19
AU  - McCartney, D. M.
AU  - Byrne, D. G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Ir Med J
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32268051
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic and Transfusion Medicine: reflections from Italy
AU  - Mascaretti, Luca
AU  - De Angelis, Vincenzo
AU  - Berti, Pierluigi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Blood Transfus
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32267829
DO  - 10.2450/2020.0071-20
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Co-infection of Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Influenza A: A Report from Iran
AU  - Khodamoradi, Zohre
AU  - Moghadami, Mohsen
AU  - Lotfi, Mehrzad
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: In late December 2019, a viral pneumonia known as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) originated from China and spread very rapidly in the world. Since then, COVID-19 has become a global concern and health problem. METHODS: We present four patients in this study, selected from among patients who presented with pneumonia symptoms and were suspicious for COVID-19. They were referred to the intended centers for COVID-19 diagnosis and management of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in southern Iran. Two nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal throat swab samples were collected from each patient and tested for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) using real-time reverse-transcriptase- polymerase-chain-reaction (RT-PCR). The samples were also tested for influenza viruses and the complete respiratory panel. RESULTS: In the present report, four patients were diagnosed in the starting days of COVID-19 disease in our center in southern Iran with co-infection of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A virus. CONCLUSION: This co-infection of COVID-19 and influenza A highlights the importance of considering SARS-CoV-2 PCR assay regardless of other positive findings for other pathogens in the primary test during the epidemic.
JO  - Arch Iran Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32271596
DO  - 10.34172/aim.2020.04
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Letter to the Editor: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), Infectivity, and the Incubation Period
AU  - Joob, Beuy
AU  - Wiwanitkit, Viroj
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Prev Med Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32268458
DO  - 10.3961/jpmph.20.065
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - PDA Responds to the Novel Coronavirus Situation
AU  - Johnson, Richard M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - PDA J Pharm Sci Technol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32273432
DO  - 10.5731/pdajpst.2019.001118
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Prevention and control of novel coronavirus infection in department of stomatology]
AU  - Li, Z. Y.
AU  - Meng, L. Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - During a short period of time, the COVID-19, a respiratory disease caused by a novel coronavirus and first reported by the end of the year 2019 in China, has spread rapidly to many countries and regions outside China. The number of confirmed cases and deaths continued to rise. World Health Organization announced that the outbreaks of the novel coronavirus infection have constituted a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. Efficient infection control can prevent the virus from further spreading, which may make the pandemic situation under control. Due to the specialty of oral healthcare settings, the risk of cross infection is severe among patients and oral healthcare workers. It's urgent to implement more strict and efficient infection control protocols. This article, based on existing guidelines and published researches pertinent to dental infection-control principles and practices, mainly discusses epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 and the features of nosocomial infection in oral healthcare settings, and furthermore provides recommendations on patient's evaluation, and infection control protocols in departments of stomatology under current circumstance.
JO  - Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32268622
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112144-20200210-00044
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Erratum to: Bat origin of a new human coronavirus: there and back again
AU  - Li, Xiang
AU  - Song, Yuhe
AU  - Wong, Gary
AU  - Cui, Jie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We miscalculated identities of several genes, and the corrected Table 1 should be as follows.
JO  - Sci China Life Sci
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32266610
DO  - 10.1007/s11427-020-1680-3
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Characteristics and Mechanism of Liver Injury in 2019 Coronavirus Disease
AU  - Li, Jie
AU  - Fan, Jian-Gao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - An outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection (2019 coronavirus disease, COVID-19) since December 2019, from Wuhan, China, has been posing a significant threat to global human health. The clinical features and outcomes of Chinese patients with COVID-19 have been widely reported. Increasing evidence has witnessed the frequent incident liver injury in COVID-19 patients, and it is often manifested as transient elevation of serum aminotransferases; however, the patients seldom have liver failure and obvious intrahepatic cholestasis, unless pre-existing advanced liver disease was present. The underlying mechanisms of liver injury in cases of COVID-19 might include psychological stress, systemic inflammation response, drug toxicity, and progression of pre-existing liver diseases. However, there is insufficient evidence for SARS-CoV-2 infected hepatocytes or virus-related liver injury in COVID-19 at present. The clinical, pathological and laboratory characteristics as well as underlying pathophysiology and etiology of liver injury in COVID-19 remain largely unclear. In this review, we highlight these important issues based on the recent developments in the field, for optimizing the management and treatment of liver injury in Chinese patients with COVID-19.
JO  - J Clin Transl Hepatol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32274341
DO  - 10.14218/JCTH.2020.00019
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prioritizing systemic therapies for genitourinary malignancies: Canadian recommendations during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Lalani, Aly-Khan A.
AU  - Chi, Kim N.
AU  - Heng, Daniel Y. C.
AU  - Kollmannsberger, Christian K.
AU  - Sridhar, Srikala S.
AU  - Blais, Normand
AU  - Canil, Christina
AU  - Czaykowski, Piotr
AU  - Hotte, Sebastien J.
AU  - Iqbal, Nayyer
AU  - Soulieres, Denis
AU  - Bosse, Dominick
AU  - Alimohamed, Nimira S.
AU  - Basappa, Naveen S.
AU  - Mukherjee, Som D.
AU  - Winquist, Eric
AU  - Wood, Lori A.
AU  - North, Scott A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Can Urol Assoc J
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32267828
DO  - 10.5489/cuaj.6595
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - CT chest findings in coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19)
AU  - Lal, Amos
AU  - Mishra, Ajay Kumar
AU  - Sahu, Kamal Kant
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Formos Med Assoc
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32265095
DO  - 10.1016/j.jfma.2020.03.010
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - In silico identification of vaccine targets for 2019-nCoV
AU  - Hyun-Jung Lee, Chloe
AU  - Koohy, Hashem
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background: The newly identified coronavirus known as 2019-nCoV has posed a serious global health threat. According to the latest report (18-February-2020), it has infected more than 72,000 people globally and led to deaths of more than 1,016 people in China. Methods: The 2019 novel coronavirus proteome was aligned to a curated database of viral immunogenic peptides. The immunogenicity of detected peptides and their binding potential to HLA alleles was predicted by immunogenicity predictive models and NetMHCpan 4.0. Results: We report in silico identification of a comprehensive list of immunogenic peptides that can be used as potential targets for 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) vaccine development. First, we found 28 nCoV peptides identical to Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (SARS CoV) that have previously been characterized immunogenic by T cell assays. Second, we identified 48 nCoV peptides having a high degree of similarity with immunogenic peptides deposited in The Immune Epitope Database (IEDB). Lastly, we conducted a de novo search of 2019-nCoV 9-mer peptides that i) bind to common HLA alleles in Chinese and European population and ii) have T Cell Receptor (TCR) recognition potential by positional weight matrices and a recently developed immunogenicity algorithm, iPred, and identified in total 63 peptides with a high immunogenicity potential. Conclusions: Given the limited time and resources to develop vaccine and treatments for 2019-nCoV, our work provides a shortlist of candidates for experimental validation and thus can accelerate development pipeline.
JO  - F1000Res
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32269766
DO  - 10.12688/f1000research.22507.1
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemiology and Clinical Characteristics of COVID-19
AU  - Huang, Xiaoyi
AU  - Wei, Fengxiang
AU  - Hu, Liang
AU  - Wen, Lijuan
AU  - Chen, Ken
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, there has been an outbreak of a novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infection in Wuhan, China. Meanwhile, the outbreak also drew attention and concern from the World Health Organization (WHO). COVID-19 is another human infectious disease caused by coronavirus. The transmission of COVID-19 is potent and the infection rate is fast. Since there is no specific drug for COVID-19, the treatment is mainly symptomatic supportive therapy. In addition, it should be pointed out that patients with severe illness need more aggressive treatment and meticulous care. Recently, accurate RNA detection has been decisive for the diagnosis of COVID-19. The development of highly sensitive RT-PCR has facilitated epidemiological studies that provide insight into the prevalence, seasonality, clinical manifestations and course of COVID-19 infection. In this review, we summarize the epidemiology and characteristics of COVID-19.
JO  - Arch Iran Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32271601
DO  - 10.34172/aim.2020.09
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Offline: COVID-19-bewilderment and candour
AU  - Horton, Richard
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32278372
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30850-3
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Traumatic stress in the age of COVID-19: A call to close critical gaps and adapt to new realities
AU  - Horesh, Danny
AU  - Brown, Adam D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - THE ISSUE: Coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) is transforming every aspect of our lives. Identified in late 2019, COVID-19 quickly became characterized as a global pandemic by March of 2020. Given the rapid acceleration of transmission, and the lack of preparedness to prevent and treat this virus, the negative impacts of COVID-19 are rippling through every facet of society. Although large numbers of people throughout the world will show resilience to the profound loss, stress, and fear associated with COVID-19, the virus will likely exacerbate existing mental health disorders and contribute to the onset of new stress-related disorders for many. RECOMMENDATIONS: The field of traumatic stress should address the serious needs that will emerge now and well into the future. However, we propose that these efforts may be limited, in part, by ongoing gaps that exist within our research and clinical care. In particular, we suggest that COVID-19 requires us to prioritize and mobilize as a research and clinical community around several key areas: (a) diagnostics, (b) prevention, (c) public outreach and communication, (d) working with medical staff and mainstreaming into nonmental health services, and (e) COVID-19-specific trauma research. As members of our community begin to rapidly develop and test interventions for COVID-19-related distress, we hope that those in positions of leadership in the field of traumatic stress consider limits of our current approaches, and invest the intellectual and financial resources urgently needed in order to innovate, forge partnerships, and develop the technologies to support those in greatest need. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
JO  - Psychol Trauma
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32271070
DO  - 10.1037/tra0000592
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Imaging of Covid-19; an Irish Perspective
AU  - Hickie, C.
AU  - McQuade, C.
AU  - Torreggiani, W. C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Ir Med J
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32268042
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [COVID-19 andcardiovascular diseases]
AU  - Haeck, G.
AU  - Ancion, A.
AU  - Marechal, P.
AU  - Oury, C.
AU  - Lancellotti, P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-2019 disease mainly affects the respiratory tract and can progress in severe cases to pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome and multi-organ failure. Patients with prior cardiovascular disease are at higher risk of developing an infection and progressing to a severe form of the disease. Also, due to the growing number of infected cases, it is clear that, in addition to the typical respiratory symptoms caused by the infection, some patients suffer from cardiovascular damage. This condition can, in fact, cause significant myocardial damage, which worsens the disease and affects the prognosis. Based on the results of currently published research, it seems important to discuss the manifestations and characteristics of myocardial damage induced by COVID-19 and its impact on patient prognosis.
JO  - Rev Med Liege
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32267110
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Responding to COVID-19: The UW Medicine Information Technology Services Experience
AU  - Grange, Elisha S.
AU  - Neil, Eric J.
AU  - Stoffel, Michelle
AU  - Singh, Angad P.
AU  - Tseng, Ethan
AU  - Resco-Summers, Kelly
AU  - Fellner, B. Jane
AU  - Lynch, John B.
AU  - Mathias, Patrick C.
AU  - Mauritz-Miller, Kristal
AU  - Sutton, Paul R.
AU  - Leu, Michael G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: UW Medicine was one of the first health systems to encounter and treat COVID-19 patients in the United States, starting in late February 2020. OBJECTIVE: Here we describe the rapid rollout of capabilities by UW Medicine Information Technology Services (ITS) to support our clinical response to the COVID-19 pandemic and provide recommendations for health systems to urgently consider, as they plan their own response to this and potentially other future pandemics. METHODS: Our recommendations include establishing a hospital incident command structure that includes tight integration with IT, creating automated dashboards for incident command, optimizing emergency communication to staff and patients, and preparing human resources, security, other policies, and equipment to support the transition of all nonessential staff to telework.We describe how UW Medicine quickly expanded telemedicine capabilities to include most primary care providers and increasing numbers of specialty providers. We look at how we managed expedited change control processes to quickly update electronic health records (EHR) with new COVID-19 laboratory and clinical workflows. We also examine the integration of new technology such as tele-intensive care (ICU) equipment and improved integration with teleconferencing software into our EHR. To support the rapid preparation for COVID-19 at other health systems, we include samples of the UW Medicine's COVID-19 order set, COVID-19 documentation template, dashboard metric categories, and a list of the top 10 things your health care IT organization can do now to prepare. CONCLUSION: The COVID-19 response requires new and expedited ways of approaching ITS support to clinical needs. UW Medicine ITS leadership hope that by quickly sharing our nimble response to clinical and operational requests, we can help other systems prepare to respond to this public health emergency.
JO  - Appl Clin Inform
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32268390
DO  - 10.1055/s-0040-1709715
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Videoconferences of Infectious Diseases: An educational tool that transcends borders. A useful tool also for the current COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Gonzales-Zamora, Jose A.
AU  - Alave, Jorge
AU  - De Lima-Corvino, Daniela F.
AU  - Fernandez, Anmary
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Not available.
JO  - Infez Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32275254
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [COVID-19 and people followed for breast cancer: French guidelines for clinical practice of Nice-St Paul de Vence, in collaboration with the College Nationale des Gynecologues et Obstetriciens Francais (CNGOF), the Societe d'Imagerie de la FEMme (SIFEM), the Societe Francaise de Chirurgie Oncologique (SFCO), the Societe Francaise de Senologie et Pathologie Mammaire (SFSPM) and the French Breast Cancer Intergroup-UNICANCER (UCBG)]
AU  - Gligorov, Joseph
AU  - Bachelot, Thomas
AU  - Pierga, Jean-Yves
AU  - Antoine, Eric-Charles
AU  - Balleyguier, Corinne
AU  - Barranger, Emmanuel
AU  - Belkacemi, Yazid
AU  - Bonnefoi, Herve
AU  - Bidard, Francois-Clement
AU  - Ceugnart, Luc
AU  - Classe, Jean-Marc
AU  - Cottu, Paul
AU  - Coutant, Charles
AU  - Cutuli, Bruno
AU  - Dalenc, Florence
AU  - Darai, Emile
AU  - Dieras, Veronique
AU  - Dohollou, Nadine
AU  - Giacchetti, Sylvie
AU  - Goncalves, Anthony
AU  - Hardy-Bessard, Anne-Claire
AU  - Houvenaeghel, Gilles
AU  - Jacquin, Jean-Philippe
AU  - Jacot, William
AU  - Levy, Christelle
AU  - Mathelin, Carole
AU  - Nisand, Israel
AU  - Petit, Thierry
AU  - Poncelet, Edouard
AU  - Rivera, Sofia
AU  - Rouzier, Roman
AU  - Salmon, Remy
AU  - Scotte, Florian
AU  - Spano, Jean-Philippe
AU  - Uzan, Catherine
AU  - Zelek, Laurent
AU  - Spielmann, Marc
AU  - Penault-Llorca, Frederique
AU  - Namer, Moise
AU  - Delaloge, Suzette
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Bull Cancer
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32278467
DO  - 10.1016/j.bulcan.2020.03.008
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Letter to Editor: Vicarious traumatization in the general public, members, and non-members of medical teams aiding in COVID-19 control
AU  - Ghaffari, Mohammad-Ebrahim
AU  - Mortezapour, Alireza
AU  - Heidarimoghaddam, Rashid
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Brain Behav Immun
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32276030
DO  - 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.006
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Caring for the Psychological Well-Being of Healthcare Professionals in the Covid-19 Pandemic Crisis
AU  - Gavin, B.
AU  - Hayden, J.
AU  - Adamis, D.
AU  - McNicholas, F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Ir Med J
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32268045
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Individual risk management strategy and potential therapeutic options for the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Gasmi, Amin
AU  - Noor, Sadaf
AU  - Tippairote, Torsak
AU  - Dadar, Maryam
AU  - Menzel, Alain
AU  - Bjorklund, Geir
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - It is an ugly fact that a significant amount of the world's population will contract SARS-CoV infection with the current spreading. While specific treatment is not yet coming soon, individual risk assessment and management strategies are crucial. The individual preventive and protective measures drive the personal risk of getting the disease. Among the virus-contracted hosts, their different metabolic status, as determined by their diet, nutrition, age, sex, medical conditions, lifestyle, and environmental factors, govern the personal fate toward different clinical severity of COVID-19, from asymptomatic, mild, moderate, to death. The careful individual assessment for the possible dietary, nutritional, medical, lifestyle, and environmental risks, together with the proper relevant risk management strategies, is the sensible way to deal with the pandemic of SARS-CoV-II.
JO  - Clin Immunol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32276137
DO  - 10.1016/j.clim.2020.108409
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Legal aspects of COVID-19 pandemic management for community nurses
AU  - Finch, John
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Br J Community Nurs
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32267769
DO  - 10.12968/bjcn.2020.25.4.196
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Commentary: What is the relationship between Covid-19 and cardiovascular disease?
AU  - Ferrari, R.
AU  - Di Pasquale, G.
AU  - Rapezzi, C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Int J Cardiol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32276773
DO  - 10.1016/j.ijcard.2020.03.074
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and Liver Dysfunction: Current Insights and Emergent Therapeutic Strategies
AU  - Feng, Gong
AU  - Zheng, Kenneth I.
AU  - Yan, Qin-Qin
AU  - Rios, Rafael S.
AU  - Targher, Giovanni
AU  - Byrne, Christopher D.
AU  - Poucke, Sven Van
AU  - Liu, Wen-Yue
AU  - Zheng, Ming-Hua
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has attracted increasing worldwide attention. Cases of liver damage or dysfunction (mainly characterized by moderately elevated serum aspartate aminotransferase levels) have been reported among patients with COVID-19. However, it is currently uncertain whether the COVID-19-related liver damage/dysfunction is due mainly to the viral infection per se or other coexisting conditions, such as the use of potentially hepatotoxic drugs and the coexistence of systemic inflammatory response, respiratory distress syndrome-induced hypoxia, and multiple organ dysfunction. Based on the current evidence from case reports and case series, this review article focuses on the demographic and clinical characteristics, potential mechanisms, and treatment options for COVID-19-related liver dysfunction. This review also describes the geographical and demographic distribution of COVID-19-related liver dysfunction, as well as possible underlying mechanisms linking COVID-19 to liver dysfunction, in order to facilitate future drug development, prevention, and control measures for COVID-19.
JO  - J Clin Transl Hepatol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32274342
DO  - 10.14218/JCTH.2020.00018
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Protection and disinfection policies against SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)
AU  - Fathizadeh, Hadis
AU  - Maroufi, Parham
AU  - Momen-Heravi, Mansooreh
AU  - Dao, Sounkalo
AU  - Kose, Sukran
AU  - Ganbarov, Khudaverdi
AU  - Pagliano, Pasquale
AU  - Esposito, Silvano
AU  - Kafil, Hossein Samadi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In late December 2019, reports from China of the incidence of pneumonia with unknown etiology were sent to the World Health Organization (WHO). Shortly afterwards, the cause of this disease was identified as the novel beta-coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, and its genetic sequence was published on January 12, 2020. Human-to-human transmission via respiratory droplets and contact with aerosol infected surfaces are the major ways of transmitting this virus. Here we attempted to collect information on virus stability in the air and on surfaces and ways of preventing of SARS-CoV-2 spreading.
JO  - Infez Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32275260
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Analysis of medication characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine in treating coronavirus disease-19 based on data mining]
AU  - Fan, Tiantian
AU  - Chen, Yongcan
AU  - Bai, Yu
AU  - Ma, Fengqi
AU  - Wang, Hengcang
AU  - Yang, Yiping
AU  - Chen, Jinxu
AU  - Lin, Yuqi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE: To analysis the medication characteristics of the prescriptions issued via open channel by the National and Provincial Health Committee and the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine in treating coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). METHODS: We collected the data of traditional Chinese medicine related to treatment plans published by the National and Provincial Health Committee and the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine from the start of COVID-19 outbreak in Wuhan to February 19, 2020. The frequency analysis, cluster analysis and correlation analysis were performed. RESULTS: The study collected 4 national and 34 regional prevention and treatment plans, 578 items, 84 traditional Chinese formulations, 60 Chinese patent medicines, and 230 Chinese herbs. The high frequently used herbs were Liquorice, Scutellariabaicalensis, Semen armeniacaeamarae, and Gypsum. The commonly used traditional formulations included Maxing Shigan Decoction, Yin Qiao Powder, and Xuanbai Chengqi Decoction. The Chinese patent drugs included Angong Niuhuang Pill, Xuebijing Injection, and Lianhua Qingwen Capsule. The most common paired medications were Ephedra and Semen armeniacaeamarae, Fructusforsythiae and Liquorice. Two core combinations and one novel formula were discovered in the study. CONCLUSIONS: Yin Qiao Powder and Huopo Xialing Decoction are the basic formulations for Weifen syndrome of COVID-19. In addition, Maxing Shigan Decoction, Liang Ge Powder, Qingwen Baidu Decoction and Da Yuan Decoction are the basic formulations for Qifen syndrome of COVID-19. The main medication characteristics are clearing heat, entilating lung, removing toxicity and removing turbidity. It shows that removing toxicity and eliminating evil are the prescription thought in treating epidemic disease of traditional Chinese medicine.
JO  - Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32268018
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Clinical experience of high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy in severe corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients]
AU  - He, Guojun
AU  - Han, Yijiao
AU  - Fang, Qiang
AU  - Zhou, Jianying
AU  - Shen, Jifang
AU  - Li, Tong
AU  - Pu, Qibing
AU  - Chen, Aijun
AU  - Qi, Zhiyang
AU  - Sun, Lijun
AU  - Cai, Hongliu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Acute respiratory failure due to acute hypoxemia is the major manifestation in severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) induced by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. Rational and effective respiratory support is crucial in the management of COVID-19 patients. High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) has been utilized widely due to its superiority over other non-invasive respiratory support techniques. To avoid HFNC failure and intubation delay, the key issues are proper patients, timely application and improving compliance. It should be noted that elder patients are vulnerable for failed HFNC. We applied HFNC for oxygen therapy in severe and critical COVID-19 patients and summarized the following experiences. Firstly, to select the proper size of nasal catheter, to locate it at suitable place, and to confirm the nose and the upper respiratory airway unobstructed. Secondly, an initial flow of 60 L/min and 37 should be given immediately for patients with obvious respiratory distress or weak cough ability; otherwise, low-level support should be given first and the level gradually increased. Thirdly, to avoid hypoxia or hypoxemia, the treatment goal of HFNC should be maintained the oxygen saturation (SpO2) above 95% for patients without chronic pulmonary disease. Finally, patients should wear a surgical mask during HFNC treatment to reduce the risk of virus transmission through droplets or aerosols.
JO  - Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32268019
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Interim Guidance for Basic and Advanced Life Support in Adults, Children, and Neonates With Suspected or Confirmed COVID-19: From the Emergency Cardiovascular Care Committee and Get With the Guidelines((R))-Resuscitation Adult and Pediatric Task Forces of the American Heart Association in Collaboration with the American Academy of Pediatrics, American Association for Respiratory Care, American College of Emergency Physicians, The Society of Critical Care Anesthesiologists, and American Society of Anesthesiologists: Supporting Organizations: American Association of Critical Care Nurses and National EMS Physicians
AU  - Edelson, Dana P.
AU  - Sasson, Comilla
AU  - Chan, Paul S.
AU  - Atkins, Dianne L.
AU  - Aziz, Khalid
AU  - Becker, Lance B.
AU  - Berg, Robert A.
AU  - Bradley, Steven M.
AU  - Brooks, Steven C.
AU  - Cheng, Adam
AU  - Escobedo, Marilyn
AU  - Flores, Gustavo E.
AU  - Girotra, Saket
AU  - Hsu, Antony
AU  - Kamath-Rayne, Beena D.
AU  - Lee, Henry C.
AU  - Lehotzky, Rebecca E.
AU  - Mancini, Mary E.
AU  - Merchant, Raina M.
AU  - Nadkarni, Vinay M.
AU  - Panchal, Ashish R.
AU  - Peberdy, Mary Ann R.
AU  - Raymond, Tia T.
AU  - Walsh, Brian
AU  - Wang, David S.
AU  - Zelop, Carolyn M.
AU  - Topjian, Alexis
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - N/A.
JO  - Circulation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32270695
DO  - 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.047463
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Investigation on demands for antenatal care services among 2 002 pregnant women during the epidemic of COVID-19 in Shanghai]
AU  - Du, L.
AU  - Gu, Y. B.
AU  - Cui, M. Q.
AU  - Li, W. X.
AU  - Wang, J.
AU  - Zhu, L. P.
AU  - Xu, B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To identify problems and demands for antenatal care (ANC) among pregnant women in different trimesters of pregnancy in Shanghai for optimizing ANC service during the epidemic of COVID-19. Method: s Organized by maternal and child health care institute in the 16 districts of Shanghai, a cross sectional study was conducted among pregnant women who came to pregnancy registration in the community health centers or attended ANC in midwifery hospitals from February 7 to February 12, 2020. Consented participating women completed a semi-structured online questionnaire voluntarily. Data was analyzed using frequency,chi-square test and scoring. Result: s A total of 2 002 valid questionnaires were collected from 183 community health centers and 67 midwifery hospitals. About 94.6%(1 894/2 002) of the pregnant women worried about being infected during the COVID-19 epidemic, and 14.7% (294/2 002) demanded for psychological consultation. Time-lapse appointments for ANC were requested by 87.7% (1 756/2 002) of the participants for avoiding presenting themselves in people-density places. Compared with other pregnancy trimesters, pregnant women in the second trimester were more willing to reduce the frequency of ANC (35.2% versus 39.5% versus 48.1%, P<0.01). Compared with multiparas, primiparas were more willing to have online consultation and guidance (49.2% versus 63.8%, P<0.01). Regarding the needs for health knowledge on COVID-19, personal protection against 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) was the most concerned for pregnant women, and 71.0% (1 421/2 002) of them preferred to obtain knowledge through health applications, official Weibo and WeChat. Conclusions: Pregnant women in Shanghai critically concern about the risk of 2019-nCoV infections, and highly demand knowledge and measures on prevention and protection from COVID-19. They ask for having time-lapse appointments for ANC and online access to health information and services. Maternal and child care institutes should understand the demands of pregnant women, optimize the means of ANC service, and provide tailored and accessible health education and service for the safety of mother and child.
JO  - Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32268713
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112141-20200218-00112
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Attitudes of Anesthesiology Specialists and Residents Toward Patients Infected with the Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19): A National Survey Study
AU  - Dost, Burhan
AU  - Koksal, Ersin
AU  - Terzi, Ozlem
AU  - Bilgin, Sezgin
AU  - Ustun, Yasemin Burcu
AU  - Arslan, Hatice Nilden
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background: The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) emerged in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. This study aims to evaluate the knowledge of anesthesiology specialists and residents in Turkey about COVID-19 and their attitudes toward the strategies and application methods to be used for a suspected/confirmed COVID-19 case that needs to be operated on or followed up in an intensive care unit, as well as to raise awareness about this issue. Methods: This descriptive study comprised anesthesiology specialists and residents working in various health institutions in Turkey. The data used in this study were obtained online between March 13, 2020 and March 25, 2020 through the website SurveyMonkey (SurveyMonkey, San Mateo, CA) by using a survey form. We contacted members of the Turkish Anaesthesiology and Reanimation Society through the social media platforms Twitter, LinkedIn, and WhatsApp, as well as through their e-mail addresses and invited them to participate in the study. Those who agreed to participate responded to the aforementioned survey. We used SPSS 22.0 (IBM, Armonk, NY) to analyze the survey data statistically. Results: A total of 346 anesthesiology specialists and residents participated in the study. Although the majority of the participants exhibited the correct attitudes toward airway management, research assistants with little professional experience were observed to be undecided or had the tendency to make incorrect decisions. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic is spreading rapidly worldwide. The incidence of COVID-19 cases is increasing daily, and this disease can cause patient death. Anesthesiology specialists and residents who perform emergency operations on these patients in settings other than intensive care units should follow simple and easy-to-understand algorithms to ensure safety. The provision of theoretical and practical training to healthcare providers before they meet patients will help ensure patient-healthcare provider safety and prevent panic, which can cause distress among healthcare providers.
JO  - Surg Infect (Larchmt)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32275463
DO  - 10.1089/sur.2020.097
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Roles of multidisciplinary team (MDT) in diagnosis and treatment of suspected cases of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19)]
AU  - Ding, Shubo
AU  - Yu, Shi'an
AU  - Chen, Haijun
AU  - Zhang, Dehe
AU  - Xu, Yejin
AU  - Zhu, Dan
AU  - Cheng, Kun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE: To analyze the roles of multidisciplinary team (MDT) in the diagnosis and treatment of suspected cases of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19). METHODS: The clinical data of 48 patients with suspected COVID-19 admitted in Jinhua Central Hospital from January 21, 2020 to March 20, 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: Of the 48 suspected cases, 18 were diagnosed with COVID-19, and 30 were excluded. Each of the confirmed cases were discussed among MDT for 2 to 12 times with an average of (4.7+/-3.2) times; while for non-COVID-19 patients were discussed for 2 to 4 times with an average of (2.3+/-0.6) times per case. With the guidance of MDT, one COVID-19 patient was transferred to designated provincial hospital after effective treatment; one patient complicated with acute cholecystitis underwent gallbladder puncture and drainage; and COVID-19 was excluded in a highly suspected patient after alveolar lavage fluid examination. Except one transferred patient, all 17 confirmed COVID-19 patients were cured and discharged; there was no cross-infection occurred in suspected patients during the hospitalization; there were no deaths and no medical staff infections. CONCLUSIONS: The efficiency of diagnosis and treatment for suspected COVID-19 patients can be improved under MDT mode, particularly for complicated and refractory cases.
JO  - Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32275128
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pediatric Dentistry During and After COVID-19
AU  - Casamassimo, Paul S.
AU  - Townsend, Janice A.
AU  - Litch, C. Scott
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Pediatr Dent
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32276673
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Blood transfusion during the COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Cai, Xiaohong
AU  - Ren, Ming
AU  - Chen, Fenghua
AU  - Li, Liliang
AU  - Lei, Hang
AU  - Wang, Xuefeng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Blood Transfus
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32267830
DO  - 10.2450/2020.0076-20
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Assessing the severity of COVID-19
AU  - Freitas, Andre Ricardo Ribas
AU  - Napimoga, Marcelo
AU  - Donalisio, Maria Rita
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Epidemiol Serv Saude
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32267300
DO  - 10.5123/S1679-49742020000200008
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cannabidiol as prophylaxis for SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19? Unfounded claims versus potential risks of medications during the pandemic
AU  - Brown, Joshua D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Res Social Adm Pharm
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32273254
DO  - 10.1016/j.sapharm.2020.03.020
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Crisis Symptom Management and Patient Communication Protocols Are Important Tools for All Clinicians Responding to COVID-19
AU  - Bowman, Brynn A.
AU  - Esch, Andrew E.
AU  - Back, Anthony L.
AU  - Marshall, Nadine
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Symptom management and skilled communication with patients and families are essential clinical services in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic. While palliative care specialists have training in these skills, many front-line clinicians from other specialties do not. It is imperative that all clinicians responding to the COVID-19 crisis have access to clinical tools to support symptom management and difficult patient and family communication.
JO  - J Pain Symptom Manage
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32276102
DO  - 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2020.03.028
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Inositol and pulmonary function. Could myo-inositol treatment downregulate inflammation and cytokine release syndrome in SARS-CoV-2?
AU  - Bizzarri, M.
AU  - Lagana, A. S.
AU  - Aragona, D.
AU  - Unfer, V.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of Sars-CoV-2 (COVID-19) poses serious challenges to people's health worldwide. The management of the disease is mostly supportive, and respiratory failure from acute respiratory distress syndrome is the leading cause of death in a significant proportion of affected patients. Preliminary data point out that dramatic increase in IL-6 and subsequent cytokine release syndrome may account for the development of fatal interstitial pneumonia. Inhibition of IL-6 by blocking its specific receptor with monoclonal antibodies has been advocated as a promising attempt. Here we assess the potential utility of myo-Inositol, a polyol already in use for treating the newborn Respiratory Distress Syndrome, in downregulating the inflammatory response upon Sars-CoV-2 infection. Myo-Inositol proved to reduce IL-6 levels in a number of conditions and to mitigate the inflammatory cascade, while being devoid of any significant side effects. It is tempting to speculate that inositol could be beneficial in managing the most dreadful effects of Sars-CoV-2 infection.
JO  - Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32271462
DO  - 10.26355/eurrev_202003_20715
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [SARS CoV-2/COVID-19: Evidence-Based Recommendation on Diagnosis and Therapy]
AU  - Bein, Berthold
AU  - Bachmann, Martin
AU  - Huggett, Susanne
AU  - Wegermann, Petra
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19, a new viral disease affecting primarily the respiratory system and the lung, has caused a pandemic with serious challenges to health systems around the world. In about 20% of patients, severe symptoms occur after a mean incubation period of 5 - 6 days; 5% of patients need intensive care therapy. Morbidity is about 1 - 2%. Protecting health care workers is of paramount importance in order to prevent hospital acquired infections. Therefore, during all procedures associated with aerosol production, a personal safety equipment consisting of a FFP2/FFP3 (N95) respiratory mask, gloves, safety glasses and a waterproof overall should be used. Therapy is based on established recommendations issued for patients with acute lung injury (ARDS). Lung protective ventilation, prone position, restrictive fluid management and an adequate management of organ failures are the mainstays of therapy. In case of fulminant lung failure, veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation may be used as a rescue in experienced centres. New, experimental therapies evolve with ever increasing frequency; currently, however, there is no evidence based recommendation possible. If off-label and compassionate use of these drugs is considered, an individual benefit-risk assessment is necessary, since serious side effects have been reported.
JO  - Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32274773
DO  - 10.1055/a-1146-8674
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: emerging protective measures
AU  - Balachandar, V.
AU  - Mahalaxmi, I.
AU  - Kaavya, J.
AU  - Vivekanandhan, G.
AU  - Ajithkumar, S.
AU  - Arul, N.
AU  - Singaravelu, G.
AU  - Senthil Kumar, N.
AU  - Mohana Dev, S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019) spreads primarily through droplets of saliva or discharge from the nose. COVID-19 is predominantly considered as an unavoidable pandemic, and scientists are very curious about how to provide the best protection to the public before a vaccine can be made available. There is an urge to manufacture a greater number of masks to prevent any aerosol with microbes. Hence, we aim to develop an efficient viral inactivation system by exploiting active compounds from naturally occurring medicinal plants and infusing them into nanofiber-based respiratory masks. Our strategy is to develop fibrous filtration with three-layered masks using the compounds from medicinal plants for viral deactivation. These masks will be beneficial not just to healthcare workers but common citizens as well. In the absence of vaccination, productive masks can be worn to prevent transmission of airborne pathogenic aerosols and control diseases.
JO  - Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32271461
DO  - 10.26355/eurrev_202003_20713
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Author Response: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), Infectivity, and the Incubation Period
AU  - Bae, Jong-Myon
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Prev Med Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32268459
DO  - 10.3961/jpmph.20.066
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The COVID-19 Emergency Response Should Include a Mental Health Component
AU  - Assari, Shervin
AU  - Habibzadeh, Parham
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Arch Iran Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32271604
DO  - 10.34172/aim.2020.12
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Hand hygiene and facemasks against COVID-19: Should we consider alternate strategies?]
AU  - Cochereau, I.
AU  - Lamirel, C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Fr Ophtalmol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32278505
DO  - 10.1016/j.jfo.2020.03.001
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Academic Community's Efforts to Guide the Fight Against Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Epidemic in Korea
AU  - Cho, Sung-Il
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Prev Med Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32268457
DO  - 10.3961/jpmph.20.084
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Infants Born to Mothers With a New Coronavirus (COVID-19)
AU  - Chen, Yan
AU  - Peng, Hua
AU  - Wang, Lin
AU  - Zhao, Yin
AU  - Zeng, Lingkong
AU  - Gao, Hui
AU  - Liu, Yalan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A novel viral respiratory disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is responsible for an epidemic of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in cases in China and worldwide. Four full-term, singleton infants were born to pregnant women who tested positive for COVID-19 in the city of Wuhan, the capital of Hubei province, China, where the disease was first identified. Of the three infants, for who consent to be diagnostically tested was provided, none tested positive for the virus. None of the infants developed serious clinical symptoms such as fever, cough, diarrhea, or abnormal radiologic or hematologic evidence, and all four infants were alive at the time of hospital discharge. Two infants had rashes of unknown etiology at birth, and one had facial ulcerations. One infant had tachypnea and was supported by non-invasive mechanical ventilation for 3 days. One had rashes at birth but was discharged without parental consent for a diagnostic test. This case report describes the clinical course of four live born infants, born to pregnant women with the COVID-19 infection.
JO  - Front Pediatr
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32266184
DO  - 10.3389/fped.2020.00104
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Dynamic Chest CT Evaluation in Three Cases of 2019 Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia
AU  - Chen, Xing
AU  - Liu, Shuying
AU  - Zhang, Chunyi
AU  - Pu, Guimei
AU  - Sun, Jian
AU  - Shen, Juxin
AU  - Chen, Yefeng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A recent outbreak of pneumonia in Wuhan, China, was caused by the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). There have been some reports of imaging findings regarding the disease's characteristic features. Here, we report three cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with dynamic pulmonary CT evaluation. The CT scan showed multiple regions of ground-glass opacities and patchy consolidation in COVID-19 patients and the CT scan was useful in tracking the progression or regression of COVID-19.
JO  - Arch Iran Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32271603
DO  - 10.34172/aim.2020.11
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and Family Doctors
AU  - Chen, Frederick M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Fam Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32267530
DO  - 10.22454/FamMed.2020.515917
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Phase- and epidemic region-adjusted estimation of the number of coronavirus disease 2019 cases in China
AU  - Chang, Ruijie
AU  - Wang, Huwen
AU  - Zhang, Shuxian
AU  - Wang, Zezhou
AU  - Dong, Yinqiao
AU  - Tsamlag, Lhakpa
AU  - Yu, Xiaoyue
AU  - Xu, Chen
AU  - Yu, Yuelin
AU  - Long, Rusi
AU  - Liu, Ning-Ning
AU  - Chu, Qiao
AU  - Wang, Ying
AU  - Xu, Gang
AU  - Shen, Tian
AU  - Wang, Suping
AU  - Deng, Xiaobei
AU  - Huang, Jinyan
AU  - Zhang, Xinxin
AU  - Wang, Hui
AU  - Cai, Yong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 was first reported in Wuhan in December 2019 and gradually spread to other areas in China. After implementation of prevention and control measures, the estimation of the epidemic trend is needed. A phase- and region-adjusted SEIR model was applied for modeling and predicting the number of cases in Wuhan, Hubei Province and regions outside Hubei Province in China. The estimated number of infections could reach its peak in late February 2020 in Wuhan and Hubei Province, which is 55 303-84 520 and 83 944-129 312, respectively, while the epidemic peaks in regions outside Hubei Province in China could appear on February 13, 2020 with the estimated 13 035-19 108 cases. According to the estimation, the outbreak would abate in March and April all over China. Current estimation provided evidence for planned work resumption under stringent prevention and control in China to further support the fight against the epidemic. Nevertheless, there is still possibility of the second outbreak brought by the work resumption and population migration, especially from Hubei Province and high intensity cities outside Hubei Province. Strict prevention and control measures still need to be considered in the regions with high intensity of epidemic and densely-populated cities.
JO  - Front Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32279219
DO  - 10.1007/s11684-020-0768-7
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Favorable changes of CT findings in a patient with COVID-19 pneumonia after treatment with tocilizumab
AU  - Cellina, M.
AU  - Orsi, M.
AU  - Bombaci, F.
AU  - Sala, M.
AU  - Marino, P.
AU  - Oliva, G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Diagn Interv Imaging
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32278585
DO  - 10.1016/j.diii.2020.03.010
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in Colombia endpoints. Are we different, like Europe?
AU  - Amariles, Pedro
AU  - Granados, Johan
AU  - Ceballos, Mauricio
AU  - Montoya, Carlos Julio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The infection by the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has taken the dimension of a pandemic, affecting more than 160 countries in a few weeks. In Colombia, despite the implementation of the rules established by the national government, exists an elevate concern both for mortality and for the limited capacity of the health system to respond effectively to the needs of patients infected. For Colombia, assuming a case fatality rate among people infected with SARS-CoV-2 of 0.6% (average data from the information reported for Latin American countries for March 18) (Table 1), the number of deaths, in one or two weeks, could be 16 and 243, respectively. These estimates differ markedly from those documented in countries such as Spain and Italy, in which COVID-19 case fatality rates exceed 8% (case of Italy) and from the percentage of patients who have required intensive care, which has ranged from 9% to 11% of patients in Mediterranean European countries. These differences could be explained due to: a) the percentage of the population at risk (individuals older than 60 years); b) a higher epidemiological exposure to viral respiratory infections associated with more frequent exposure to them, due to geographic and climatic conditions; c) less spread of the virus by location in the tropical zone; and d) earlier preventive measures to contain the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Therefore, it is possible to establish that the situation in this country will be different from in European Mediterranean and that Colombia could have different endpoints from Spain and Italy.
JO  - Res Social Adm Pharm
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32265115
DO  - 10.1016/j.sapharm.2020.03.013
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A classifier prediction model to predict the status of Coronavirus COVID-19 patients in South Korea
AU  - Al-Najjar, H.
AU  - Al-Rousan, N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE: Coronavirus COVID-19 further transmitted to several countries globally. The status of the infected cases can be determined basing on the treatment process along with several other factors. This research aims to build a classifier prediction model to predict the status of recovered and death coronavirus CovID-19 patients in South Korea. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Artificial neural network principle is used to classify the collected data between February 20, 2020 and March 9, 2020. The proposed classifier used different seven variables, namely, country, infection reason, sex, group, confirmation date, birth year, and region. The most effective variables on recovered and fatal cases are analyzed based on the neural network model. RESULTS: The results found that the proposed predictive classifier efficiently predicted recovered and death cases. Besides, it is found that discovering the infection reason would increase the probability to recover the patient. This indicates that the virus might be controllable based on infection reasons. In addition, the earlier discovery of the disease affords better control and a higher probability of being recovered. CONCLUSIONS: Our recommendation is to use this model to predict the status of the patients globally.
JO  - Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32271458
DO  - 10.26355/eurrev_202003_20709
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Coronavirus and COVID-19 : focus on a galopping pandemic]
AU  - Davenne, E.
AU  - Giot, J. B.
AU  - Huynen, P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The international community is currently facing a pandemic of acute respiratory syndrome caused by a new coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2. This syndrome has been named COVID-19 for CoronaVIrus Disease 2019 by the World Health Organization. The starting point of the epidemic is the city of Wuhan (China), where the virus is said to have been transmitted from animals to humans before inter-human transmission. This is the third epidemic caused by a coronavirus after those of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2003 and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) started in 2012. COVID-19 has rapidly spread to China and is currently spreading all over the world. The infection mainly affects patients over 40 years of age and mortality is increased in the presence of comorbidities. Children are pauci- or asymptomatic. The diagnosis is most often based on the detection of the viral genome in the nasopharynx by molecular biology methods. In the absence of specific anti-viral molecules, treatment is currently mainly symptomatic. It is clear that the COVID-19 pandemic is more difficult to control than what the first data suggested. The key strategy to SARS-CoV-2 is to limit its transmission. Preventive measures are mainly based on the application of adequate hand hygiene measures and disinfection of the environment, as well as measures of social distance aimed at limiting contacts in the population and protecting populations at risk.
JO  - Rev Med Liege
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32267109
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19, Australia: Epidemiology Report 9 (Reporting week to 23:59 AEDT 29 March 2020)
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This is the ninth epidemiological report for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), reported in Australia as at 23:59 Australian Eastern Daylight Time [AEDT] 29 March 2020. It includes data on COVID-19 cases diagnosed in Australia, the international situation and a review of current evidence.
JO  - Commun Dis Intell (2018)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32264802
DO  - 10.33321/cdi.2020.44.29
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Suggestions on delivery management of pregnant women with COVID-19]
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32268710
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112141-20200224-00128
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus in cats, climate cancellation and missing African trials
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32269354
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00993-7
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19是一隻革命病毒　蔓延於北緯30度與40度之間的瘟疫
AU  - 程珊
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 海峽評論
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 352
PG  - 5-9
SP  - 5
EP  - 9
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Atypical presentation of SARS-CoV-2 infection: A case report
AU  - Li, R. L.
AU  - Chu, S. G.
AU  - Luo, Y.
AU  - Huang, Z. H.
AU  - Hao, Y.
AU  - Fan, C. H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND The first case of pneumonia subsequently attributed to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) occurred in Wuhan, Hubei Province on December 8, 2019. The symptoms included fever, coughing, and breathing difficulties. A few patients with this infection may only have atypical symptoms, which could lead to a misdiagnosis and subsequently further facilitate the spread of the virus. CASE SUMMARY A 74-year-old female patient complained of severe diarrhea. She did not have fever, coughing, or breathing difficulties. A physical examination revealed no obvious positive signs. The patient had been hypertensive for more than 10 years. Her blood pressure was well controlled. On January 9, 2020, the patient's son visited a colleague who was later confirmed positive for SARS-CoV-2 and his first close contact with our patient was on January 17. The patient was first diagnosed with gastrointestinal dysfunction. However, considering her indirect contact with a SARS-CoV-2-infected individual, we suggested that an atypical pneumonia virus infection should be ruled out. A computed tomography scan was performed on January 26, and showed ground-glass nodules scattered along the two lungs, suggestive of viral pneumonia. Given the clinical characteristics, epidemiological history, and examination, the patient was diagnosed with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). CONCLUSION Our patient had atypical symptoms of COVID-19. Careful acquisition of an epidemiological history is necessary to make a correct diagnosis and strategize a treatment plan.
JO  - World Journal of Clinical Cases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 8
IS  - 7
PG  - 1265-1270
SP  - 1265
EP  - 1270
AN  - 
DO  - 10.12998/wjcc.v8.i7.1265
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L631429129 http://dx.doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v8.i7.1265
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The SARS-CoV-2, a new pandemic zoonosis that threatens the world
AU  - Reina, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - On December 31, 2019, an outbreak of pneumonia of unknown etiology was detected in the city of Wuhan (China). A week later, a new coronavirus was isolated in these patients, initially designated as 2019-nCoV and subsequently SARS-CoV-2. This is a new virus that is much closer genetically to the coronavirus of bats than to human SARS. The new virus infects and replicates in the lung parenchyma pneumocytes and macrophages in which the ACE-2 cell receptor resides. He has now infected many more people than his predecessors (> 85,000). From the clinical point of view, those infected have an average age of 55 years; the main symptoms are fever, dry cough, lymphopenia, dyspnea, and pneumonia in its severe form. The overall lethality rate is 2-3% in China and 0.1% in cases detected outside of this country. The incubation period has been set at about 3 days (0-24 days). There are no specific antivirals or vaccines.
JO  - Vacunas
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.vacun.2020.03.001
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005485748 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vacun.2020.03.001
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pain Management Under COVID-19 COVID-19 in the Nuclear Medicine Department, be prepared for ventilation scans as well!
AU  - Zuckier, Lionel S.
AU  - Gordon, Sharon R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Topics in Pain Management
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 35
IS  - 10
PG  - 9
SP  - 9
EP  - 
AN  - 00587875-202005000-00002
DO  - 10.1097/01.TPM.0000661940.76257.be 10.1097/mnm.0000000000001196
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/topicsinpainmanagement/Fulltext/2020/05000/Pain_Management_Under_COVID_19.2.aspx https://journals.lww.com/nuclearmedicinecomm/Fulltext/2020/05000/COVID_19_in_the_Nuclear_Medicine_Department,_be.11.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Potential neurological symptoms of COVID-19
AU  - Wang, H. Y.
AU  - Li, X. L.
AU  - Yan, Z. R.
AU  - Sun, X. P.
AU  - Han, J.
AU  - Zhang, B. W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Therapeutic Advances in Neurological Disorders
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 13
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/1756286420917830
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2004590397 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1756286420917830
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - CT scans of patients with 2019 novel coronavirus (covid-19) pneumonia
AU  - Zhao, W.
AU  - Zhong, Z.
AU  - Xie, X.
AU  - Yu, Q.
AU  - Liu, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Rationale: The increasing speed of confirmed 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) cases is striking in China. The purpose of this study is to summarize the outcomes of patients with novel COVID-19 pneumonia (NCP) at our institution. Methods: In this single-center study, we retrospectively included 118 cases of NCP, from January 16, 2020 to February 4, 2020. The clinical outcomes were monitored up to February 11, 2020. The outcomes of NCP patients were phase summarized at our institution. Three kinds of responses to clinical treatment were defined and evaluated: 1) good, symptoms continually improved; 2) fair, symptoms not improved or relapsed; 3) poor, symptoms aggravated. The risk factors, including basal clinical characteristics, CT imaging features, and follow-up CT changes (no change, progress, and improvement) related to poor/fair outcomes, were also investigated. Results: Six patients were improved to no-emergency type, 2 remained the same, and 2 progressed to fatal type. Besides, 13 patients progressed from the common type group to the emergency group (3 in fatal type and 10 in severe type). Forty-two (35.6%) patients were discharged with a median hospital stay of 9.5 days (range, 4.0-15.0 days). Thus, the numbers in different responses were, 73 patients in good response group (4 emergency cases, 69 no-emergency cases), 28 in fair response group (3 emergency cases, 25 no-emergency cases), and 17 in poor response group (3 emergency cases, 14 no-emergency cases). No patient has died in our hospital to date. The median duration of progress observed from CT scans was 6 days (range, 2-14 days). The progression in abnormal imaging findings indicate a poor/fair response, whereas the alleviated symptoms seen from CT suggest a good response. Conclusion: Most cases are no-emergency type and have a favorable response to clinical treatment. Follow-up CT changes during the treatment can help evaluate the treatment response of patients with NCP.
JO  - Theranostics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 10
IS  - 10
PG  - 4606-4613
SP  - 4606
EP  - 4613
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7150/thno.45016
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L631398879 http://dx.doi.org/10.7150/thno.45016
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Vaccine designers take first shots at COVID-19: Two candidate vaccines start trials while dozens more are rushed into development
AU  - Cohen, J.
AU  - Kupferschmidt, K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 6486
PG  - 14-16
SP  - 14
EP  - 16
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.368.6486.14
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005526301 http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.368.6486.14
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coinfection of Influenza Virus and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2)
AU  - Wu, Di
AU  - Lu, Jianyun
AU  - Ma, Xiaowei
AU  - Liu, Qun
AU  - Wang, Dedong
AU  - Gu, Yuzhou
AU  - Li, Yongguang
AU  - He, Weiyun
PY  - 9000
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Online First
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00006454-900000000-96209
DO  - 10.1097/inf.0000000000002688
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/pidj/Fulltext/onlinefirst/Coinfection_of_Influenza_Virus_and_Severe_Acute.96209.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Febrile Infant: COVID-19 in Addition to the Usual Suspects
AU  - Robbins, Emily
AU  - Ilahi, Zara
AU  - Roth, Philip
PY  - 9000
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Online First
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00006454-900000000-96210
DO  - 10.1097/inf.0000000000002693
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/pidj/Fulltext/onlinefirst/Febrile_Infant__COVID_19_in_Addition_to_the_Usual.96210.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Use of Handheld Transceiver for Hospital Healthcare Workers-Caregiver Communication During the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak in Pediatric Emergency Department
AU  - Curatola, Antonietta
AU  - Ferretti, Serena
AU  - Gatto, Antonio
AU  - Chiaretti, Antonio
PY  - 9000
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Online First
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00006454-900000000-96211
DO  - 10.1097/inf.0000000000002689
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/pidj/Fulltext/onlinefirst/Use_of_Handheld_Transceiver_for_Hospital.96211.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Managing patients with chronic pain during the COVID-19 outbreak: considerations for the rapid introduction of remotely supported (eHealth) pain management services
AU  - Eccleston, Christopher
AU  - Blyth, Fiona M.
AU  - Dear, Blake F.
AU  - Fisher, Emma A.
AU  - Keefe, Francis J.
AU  - Lynch, Mary E.
AU  - Palermo, Tonya M.
AU  - Reid, M. Carrington
AU  - Williams, Amanda C de C
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - PAIN
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 161
IS  - 5
PG  - 889-893
SP  - 889
EP  - 893
AN  - 00006396-202005000-00003
DO  - 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001885
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/pain/Fulltext/2020/05000/Managing_patients_with_chronic_pain_during_the.3.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 
AU  - Krause, B. J.
AU  - Bartenstein, P.
AU  - Freudenberg, L. S.
AU  - Herrmann, K.
AU  - Jonas, G.
AU  - Luster, M.
AU  - Moka, D.
AU  - Schäfer, W.
AU  - Schwarzenböck, S. M.
AU  - Meyer, P. T.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nuklearmedizin. Nuclear medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 59
IS  - 2
PG  - e1-e4
SP  - e1
EP  - e4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1055/a-1147-6722
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L631432172 http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1147-6722
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Neurologists in Italy to Colleagues in US: Look for Poorly-Defined Neurologic Conditions in Patients with COVID-19
AU  - Talan, Jamie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Neurology Today
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 20
IS  - 8
PG  - 1,20-25
SP  - 1,20
EP  - 25
AN  - 00132985-202004160-00001
DO  - 10.1097/01.NT.0000662096.35724.1f
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/neurotodayonline/Fulltext/2020/04160/Neurologists_in_Italy_to_Colleagues_in_US__Look.1.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Neurologists Scramble to Respond to COVID-19 with Telemedicine: The Challenges and Opportunities
AU  - Hurley, Dan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Neurology Today
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 20
IS  - 8
PG  - 18-19
SP  - 18
EP  - 19
AN  - 00132985-202004160-00004
DO  - 10.1097/01.NT.0000662108.24452.b1
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/neurotodayonline/Fulltext/2020/04160/Neurologists_Scramble_to_Respond_to_COVID_19_with.4.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Neurology Residency Programs Adjust to an Uncertain World with COVID-19
AU  - Hurley, Dan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Neurology Today
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 20
IS  - 8
PG  - 1,8-13
SP  - 1,8
EP  - 13
AN  - 00132985-202004160-00006
DO  - 10.1097/01.NT.0000662116.99305.2b
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/neurotodayonline/Fulltext/2020/04160/Neurology_Residency_Programs_Adjust_to_an.6.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: Neurology Instructors Rethink Medical Clerkship Training as Clinical Rotations Are on Pause
AU  - Fitzgerald, Susan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Neurology Today
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 20
IS  - 8
PG  - 14-15
SP  - 14
EP  - 15
AN  - 00132985-202004160-00007
DO  - 10.1097/01.NT.0000662120.44738.d4
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/neurotodayonline/Fulltext/2020/04160/COVID_19__Neurology_Instructors_Rethink_Medical.7.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Lab Closures, Equipment Shortages, and Concerns About Patient Care: MS Neurologists and Researchers Share Their COVID-19 Experiences
AU  - Avitzur, Orly
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Neurology Today
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 20
IS  - 8
PG  - 1,26-28
SP  - 1,26
EP  - 28
AN  - 00132985-202004160-00002
DO  - 10.1097/01.Nt.0000662100.87936.04
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/neurotodayonline/Fulltext/2020/04160/Lab_Closures,_Equipment_Shortages,_and_Concerns.2.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: Advice from CDC Neurovirologist and Epidemiologist James J. Sejvar, MD
AU  - Avitzur, Orly
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Neurology Today
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 20
IS  - 8
PG  - 16
SP  - 16
EP  - 
AN  - 00132985-202004160-00003
DO  - 10.1097/01.NT.0000662104.46054.8e
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/neurotodayonline/Fulltext/2020/04160/COVID_19__Advice_from_CDC_Neurovirologist_and.3.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Estimating clinical severity of COVID-19 from the transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China
AU  - Wu, J. T.
AU  - Leung, K.
AU  - Bushman, M.
AU  - Kishore, N.
AU  - Niehus, R.
AU  - de Salazar, P. M.
AU  - Cowling, B. J.
AU  - Lipsitch, M.
AU  - Leung, G. M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As of 29 February 2020 there were 79,394 confirmed cases and 2,838 deaths from COVID-19 in mainland China. Of these, 48,557 cases and 2,169 deaths occurred in the epicenter, Wuhan. A key public health priority during the emergence of a novel pathogen is estimating clinical severity, which requires properly adjusting for the case ascertainment rate and the delay between symptoms onset and death. Using public and published information, we estimate that the overall symptomatic case fatality risk (the probability of dying after developing symptoms) of COVID-19 in Wuhan was 1.4% (0.9–2.1%), which is substantially lower than both the corresponding crude or naïve confirmed case fatality risk (2,169/48,557 = 4.5%) and the approximator1 of deaths/deaths + recoveries (2,169/2,169 + 17,572 = 11%) as of 29 February 2020. Compared to those aged 30–59 years, those aged below 30 and above 59 years were 0.6 (0.3–1.1) and 5.1 (4.2–6.1) times more likely to die after developing symptoms. The risk of symptomatic infection increased with age (for example, at ~4% per year among adults aged 30–60 years).
JO  - Nature Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41591-020-0822-7
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2004570256 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41591-020-0822-7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Combating COVID-19: health equity matters
AU  - Wang, Z.
AU  - Tang, K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41591-020-0823-6
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2004579872 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41591-020-0823-6
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - On the responsible use of digital data to tackle the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Ienca, M.
AU  - Vayena, E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41591-020-0832-5
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2004583838 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41591-020-0832-5
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Characteristics of Health Care Personnel with COVID-19 — United States, February 12–April 9, 2020
AU  - Team, CDC COVID-19 Response
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - What is already known about this topic? Limited information is available about COVID-19 infections among U.S. health care personnel (HCP). What is added by this report? Of 9,282 U.S. COVID-19 cases reported among HCP, median age was 42 years, and 73% were female, reflecting these distributions among the HCP workforce. HCP patients reported contact with COVID-19 patients in health care, household, and community settings. Most HCP patients were not hospitalized; however, severe outcomes, including death, were reported among all age groups. What are the implications for public health practice? It is critical to ensure the health and safety of HCP, both at work and in the community. Improving surveillance through routine reporting of occupation and industry not only benefits HCP, but all workers during the COVID-19 pandemic.
JO  - Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6915e6
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Transmission of COVID-19 to Health Care Personnel During Exposures to a Hospitalized Patient — Solano County, California, February 2020
AU  - Heinzerling, Amy
AU  - Stuckey, Matthew J.
AU  - Scheuer, Tara
AU  - Kerui Xu
AU  - Perkins, Kiran M.
AU  - Resseger, Heather
AU  - Magill, Shelley
AU  - Verani, Jennifer R.
AU  - Jain, Seema
AU  - Acosta, Meileen
AU  - Epson, Erin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - What is already known about this topic? Health care personnel (HCP) are at heightened risk of acquiring COVID-19 infection, but limited information exists about transmission in health care settings. What is added by this report? Among 121 HCP exposed to a patient with unrecognized COVID-19, 43 became symptomatic and were tested for SARS-CoV-2, of whom three had positive test results; all three had unprotected patient contact. Exposures while performing physical examinations or during nebulizer treatments were more common among HCP with COVID-19. What are the implications for public health practice? Unprotected, prolonged patient contact, as well as certain exposures, including some aerosol-generating procedures, were associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in HCP. Early recognition and isolation of patients with possible infection and recommended PPE use can help minimize unprotected, high-risk HCP exposures and protect the health care workforce.
JO  - Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6915e5
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 
AU  - Molina, J. M.
AU  - Delaugerre, C.
AU  - Goff, J. L.
AU  - Mela-Lima, B.
AU  - Ponscarme, D.
AU  - Goldwirt, L.
AU  - de Castro, N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Medecine et maladies infectieuses
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.medmal.2020.03.006
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L631431644 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.medmal.2020.03.006
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Abnormal coagulation parameters are associated with poor prognosis in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - Tang, N.
AU  - Li, D.
AU  - Wang, X.
AU  - Sun, Z.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background: In the recent outbreak of novel coronavirus infection in Wuhan, China, significantly abnormal coagulation parameters in severe novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) cases were a concern. Objectives: To describe the coagulation feature of patients with NCP. Methods: Conventional coagulation results and outcomes of 183 consecutive patients with confirmed NCP in Tongji hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Results: The overall mortality was 11.5%, the non-survivors revealed significantly higher D-dimer and fibrin degradation product (FDP) levels, longer prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time compared to survivors on admission (P <.05); 71.4% of non-survivors and 0.6% survivors met the criteria of disseminated intravascular coagulation during their hospital stay. Conclusions: The present study shows that abnormal coagulation results, especially markedly elevated D-dimer and FDP are common in deaths with NCP.
JO  - Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 18
IS  - 4
PG  - 844-847
SP  - 844
EP  - 847
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jth.14768
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2004418804 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jth.14768
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical Characteristics and Prognosis in Cancer Patients with COVID-19: a Single Center's Retrospective Study
AU  - Ma, Jia
AU  - Yin, Jing
AU  - Qian, Yu
AU  - Wu, Yuan
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.04.006
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.04.006
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Global COVID-19 fatality analysis reveals Hubei-like countries potentially with severe outbreaks
AU  - Lv, Boyan
AU  - Li, Zhongyan
AU  - Chen, Yajuan
AU  - Long, Cheng
AU  - Fu, Xinmiao
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.029
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.029
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SALIVA IS A RELIABLE TOOL TO DETECT SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Azzi, Lorenzo
AU  - Carcano, Giulio
AU  - Gianfagna, Francesco
AU  - Grossi, Paolo
AU  - Gasperina, Daniela Dalla
AU  - Genoni, Angelo
AU  - Fasano, Mauro
AU  - Sessa, Fausto
AU  - Tettamanti, Lucia
AU  - Carinci, Francesco
AU  - Maurino, Vittorio
AU  - Agostino, Rossi
AU  - Tagliabue, Angelo
AU  - Baj, Andreina
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.04.005
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.04.005
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Winning together: Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infographic
AU  - Stawicki, S. P.
AU  - Galwankar, S. C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Emergencies, Trauma and Shock
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 13
IS  - 1
PG  - 103
SP  - 103
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4103/0974-2700.281047
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L631421697 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0974-2700.281047
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel coronavirus (COVID-19): Leveraging telemedicine to optimize care while minimizing exposures and viral transmission
AU  - Chauhan, V.
AU  - Galwankar, S.
AU  - Arquilla, B.
AU  - Garg, M.
AU  - Somma, S. D.
AU  - El'Menyar, A.
AU  - Krishnan, V.
AU  - Gerber, J.
AU  - Holland, R.
AU  - Stawicki, S. P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Emergencies, Trauma and Shock
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 13
IS  - 1
PG  - 20-24
SP  - 20
EP  - 24
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4103/JETS.JETS_32_20
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L631421737 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/JETS.JETS_32_20
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - What’s Important: Redeployment of the Orthopaedic Surgeon During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Perspectives from the Trenches
AU  - Sarpong, Nana O.
AU  - Forrester, Lynn Ann
AU  - Levine, William N.
PY  - 9000
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JBJS
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Latest Articles
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00004623-900000000-99763
DO  - 10.2106/jbjs.20.00574
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/jbjsjournal/Fulltext/latest/What_s_Important__Redeployment_of_the_Orthopaedic.99763.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Review of State Guidelines for Elective Orthopaedic Procedures During the COVID-19 Outbreak
AU  - Sarac, Nikolas J.
AU  - Sarac, Benjamin A.
AU  - Schoenbrunner, Anna R.
AU  - Janis, Jeffrey E.
AU  - Harrison, Ryan K.
AU  - Phieffer, Laura S.
AU  - Quatman, Carmen E.
AU  - Ly, Thuan V.
PY  - 9000
PD  - 
N2  - Background: The SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in widespread cancellation of elective orthopaedic procedures. The guidance coming from multiple sources frequently has been difficult to assimilate as well as dynamic, with constantly changing standards. We seek to communicate the current guidelines published by each state, to discuss the impact of these guidelines on orthopaedic surgery, and to provide the general framework used to determine which procedures have been postponed at our institution. Methods: An internet search was used to identify published state guidelines regarding the cancellation of elective procedures, with a publication cutoff of March 24, 2020, 5:00 P.M. Eastern Daylight Time. Data collected included the number of states providing guidance to cancel elective procedures and which states provided specific guidance in determining which procedures should continue being performed as well as to orthopaedic-specific guidance. Results: Thirty states published guidance regarding the discontinuation of elective procedures, and 16 states provided a definition of “elective” procedures or specific guidance for determining which procedures should continue to be performed. Only 5 states provided guidelines specifically mentioning orthopaedic surgery; of those, 4 states explicitly allowed for trauma-related procedures and 4 states provided guidance against performing arthroplasty. Ten states provided guidelines allowing for the continuation of oncological procedures. Conclusions: Few states have published guidelines specific to orthopaedic surgery during the COVID-19 outbreak, leaving hospital systems and surgeons with the responsibility of balancing the benefits of surgery with the risks to public health. Email address for T.V. Ly: thuan.ly@osumc.edu Investigation performed at The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio Disclosure: The authors indicated that no external funding was received for any aspect of this work. On the Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest forms, which are provided with the online version of the article, one or more of the authors checked “yes” to indicate that the author had a relevant financial relationship in the biomedical arena outside the submitted work (http://links.lww.com/JBJS/F841). Copyright 2020 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Incorporated
JO  - JBJS
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Latest Articles
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00004623-900000000-99765
DO  - 10.2106/jbjs.20.00510
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/jbjsjournal/Fulltext/latest/A_Review_of_State_Guidelines_for_Elective.99765.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Guidelines for Ambulatory Surgery Centers for the Care of Surgically Necessary/Time-Sensitive Orthopaedic Cases during the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - DePhillipo, Nicholas N.
AU  - Larson, Christopher M.
AU  - O’Neill, Owen R.
AU  - LaPrade, Robert F.
PY  - 9000
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JBJS
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Latest Articles
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00004623-900000000-99766
DO  - 10.2106/jbjs.20.00489
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/jbjsjournal/Fulltext/latest/Guidelines_for_Ambulatory_Surgery_Centers_for_the.99766.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Practice Management During the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Vaccaro, Alexander R.
AU  - Getz, Charles L.
AU  - Cohen, Bruce E.
AU  - Cole, Brian J.
AU  - Donnally, Chester J. III
PY  - 9000
PD  - 
N2  - On March 14, 2020 the Surgeon General of the United States urged a widespread cessation of all elective surgery across the country. The suddenness of this mandate and the concomitant spread of the COVID-19 virus left many hospital systems, orthopaedic practices, and patients with significant anxiety and confusion as to the near, intermediate, and long-term future of our healthcare system. As with most businesses in the United States during this time, many orthopaedic practices have been emotionally and fiscally devastated as a result of this crisis. Furthermore, this pandemic is occurring at a time where small and mid-sized orthopaedic groups are already struggling to cover practice overhead and to maintain autonomy from larger health systems. It is anticipated that many groups will experience financial demise leading to substantial global consolidation. As the authors represent some of the larger musculoskeletal multispecialty groups in the country, we are uniquely positioned to provide a framework with recommendations to best weather the ensuing months. We believe these recommendations will allow providers and their staff to return to an infrastructure that can adjust immediately to the pent-up healthcare demand that may occur following the COVID-19 pandemic. In this editorial, we address practice finances, staffing, telehealth, operational plans following the crisis and ethical considerations. None of the following authors or any immediate family member has received anything of value from or has stock or stock options held in a commercial company or institution related directly or indirectly to the subject of this article: Dr. Vaccaro, Dr. Getz, Dr. Cohen, Dr. Cole, and Dr. Donnally. All authors significantly contributed to the document and have reviewed the final manuscript. Received April 09, 2020 © 2020 by American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons
JO  - JAAOS - Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Publish Ahead of Print
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00124635-900000000-99131
DO  - 10.5435/jaaos-d-20-00379
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/jaaos/Fulltext/publishahead/Practice_Management_During_the_COVID_19_Pandemic.99131.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Complex emergencies of COVID-19: management and experience in Zhuhai, China
AU  - Jin, H.
AU  - Lu, L.
AU  - Liu, J.
AU  - Cui, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The impact of communicable diseases (infectious diseases) on human health is obvious. The sudden outbreak of COVID-19 (Corona Virus Disease 2019) has made people realise the threat of communicable diseases to mankind. As a city of many migrants, Zhuhai Special Economic Zone experienced great challenges brought about by the COVID-19 epidemic. Experience has been acquired from all aspects of this. A highly reactive, multifunctional and efficient emergency management system should be established, and the significance of information communication should be fully understood for the future.
JO  - International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105961
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005493308 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105961
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Sixty-eight consecutive patients assessed for COVID-19 infection: Experience from a UK Regional infectious diseases Unit
AU  - Easom, N.
AU  - Moss, P.
AU  - Barlow, G.
AU  - Samson, A.
AU  - Taynton, T.
AU  - Adams, K.
AU  - Ivan, M.
AU  - Burns, P.
AU  - Gajee, K.
AU  - Eastick, K.
AU  - Lillie, P. J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background: Assessment of possible infection with SARS-CoV-2, the novel coronavirus responsible for COVID-19 illness, has been a major activity of infection services since the first reports of cases in December 2019. Objectives: We report a series of 68 patients assessed at a Regional Infection Unit in the UK. Methods: Between 29 January 2020 and 24 February 2020, demographic, clinical, epidemiological and laboratory data were collected. We compared clinical features between patients not requiring admission for clinical reasons or antimicrobials with those assessed as needing either admission or antimicrobial treatment. Results: Patients assessed were aged from 0 to 76 years; 36/68 were female. Peaks of clinical assessments coincided with updates to the case definition for suspected COVID-19. Microbiological diagnoses included SARS-CoV-2, mycoplasma pneumonia, influenza A, non-SARS/MERS coronaviruses and rhinovirus/enterovirus. Nine of sixty-eight received antimicrobials, 15/68 were admitted, 5 due to inability to self-isolate. Patients requiring admission on clinical grounds or antimicrobials (14/68) were more likely to have fever or raised respiratory rate compared to those not requiring admission or antimicrobials. Conclusions: The majority of patients had mild illness, which did not require clinical intervention. This finding supports a community testing approach, supported by clinicians able to review more unwell patients. Extensions of the epidemiological criteria for the case definition of suspected COVID-19 lead to increased screening intensity; strategies must be in place to accommodate this in time for forthcoming changes as the epidemic develops.
JO  - Influenza and other Respiratory Viruses
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/irv.12739
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2004599774 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/irv.12739
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Special Coverage on COVID-19: Get Rid of Your Stethoscope!
AU  - Richman, Ryan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Emergency Medicine News
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 42
IS  - 4B
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00132981-202004221-00004
DO  - 10.1097/01.Eem.0000662072.81768.76
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/em-news/Fulltext/2020/04221/Special_Coverage_on_COVID_19__Get_Rid_of_Your.4.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Special Coverage on COVID-19: No One is Ready for This
AU  - Mosley, Mark
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Emergency Medicine News
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 42
IS  - 4B
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00132981-202004221-00001
DO  - 10.1097/01.EEM.0000662060.07175.0c
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/em-news/Fulltext/2020/04221/Special_Coverage_on_COVID_19__No_One_is_Ready_for.1.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Special Coverage on COVID-19: EDs Should Hoard Every Gown and Surgical Mask and Lock Up N95s
AU  - Mosley, Mark
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Emergency Medicine News
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 42
IS  - 4B
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00132981-202004221-00002
DO  - 10.1097/01.EEM.0000662064.45093.d5
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/em-news/Fulltext/2020/04221/Special_Coverage_on_COVID_19__EDs_Should_Hoard.2.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Special Coverage on COVID-19: What Should EPs Say about COVID-19 to Discharged ED Patients?
AU  - Mosley, Mark
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Emergency Medicine News
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 42
IS  - 4B
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00132981-202004221-00003
DO  - 10.1097/01.EEM.0000662068.02768.e5
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/em-news/Fulltext/2020/04221/Special_Coverage_on_COVID_19__What_Should_EPs_Say.3.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Special Coverage on COVID-19: History Matters—for Influenza and COVID-19
AU  - Mosley, Mark
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Emergency Medicine News
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 42
IS  - 4B
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00132981-202004221-00005
DO  - 10.1097/01.EEM.0000662076.22948.ca
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/em-news/Fulltext/2020/04221/Special_Coverage_on_COVID_19__History_Matters_for.5.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - From the insight of glucose metabolism disorder: Oxygen therapy and blood glucose monitoring are crucial for quarantined COVID-19 patients
AU  - Li, Z.
AU  - Liu, G.
AU  - Wang, L.
AU  - Liang, Y.
AU  - Zhou, Q.
AU  - Wu, F.
AU  - Yao, J.
AU  - Chen, B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 197
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110614
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005548519 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110614
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Comorbidities in COVID-19: Outcomes in hypertensive cohort and controversies with renin angiotensin system blockers
AU  - Singh, A. K.
AU  - Gupta, R.
AU  - Misra, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background and aims: COVID-19 is already a pandemic. Emerging data suggest an increased association and a heightened mortality in patients of COVID-19 with comorbidities. We aimed to evaluate the outcome in hypertensive patients with COVID-19 and its relation to the use of renin-angiotensin system blockers (RASB). Methods: We have systematically searched the medical database up to March 27, 2020 and retrieved all the published articles in English language related to our topic using MeSH key words. Results: From the pooled data of all ten available Chinese studies (n = 2209) that have reported the characteristics of comorbidities in patients with COVID-19, hypertension was present in nearly 21%, followed by diabetes in nearly 11%, and established cardiovascular disease (CVD) in approximately 7% of patients. Although the emerging data hints to an increase in mortality in COVID-19 patients with known hypertension, diabetes and CVD, it should be noted that it was not adjusted for multiple confounding factors. Harm or benefit in COVID-19 patients receiving RASB has not been typically assessed in these studies yet, although mechanistically and plausibly both, benefit and harm is possible with these agents, given that COVID-19 expresses to tissues through the receptor of angiotensin converting enzyme-2. Conclusion: Special attention is definitely required in patients with COVID-19 with associated comorbidities including hypertension, diabetes and established CVD. Although the role of RASB has a mechanistic equipoise, patients with COVID-19 should not stop these drugs at this point of time, as recommended by various world organizations and without the advice of health care provider.
JO  - Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research and Reviews
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 14
IS  - 4
PG  - 283-287
SP  - 283
EP  - 287
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.dsx.2020.03.016
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005527658 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.03.016
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: From bench to bed side
AU  - Singh, A.
AU  - Shaikh, A.
AU  - Singh, R.
AU  - Singh, A. K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background and aims: The last two decades have experienced the outbreaks of three different coronaviruses in the different parts of the world namely; Severe acute respiratory syndrome cornonavirus-1 (SARS-CoV-1), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS-CoV) and Severe acute respiratory syndrome cornonavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). We aimed to delineate the differences in viral dynamics and clinical features between them and tried to focus on every basic details of SARS-COV-2 (COVID-19) that every health care provider must know. Methods: We systematically searched the PubMed database up till April 2, 2020 and retrieved all the articles published on SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV-1, MERS-CoV that dealt with viral dynamics. Results: Ample data is available to suggest the differences in etiology, transmission cycle, diagnosis, genetics, hosts, reproductive rates, clinical features, laboratory diagnosis and radiological features between SARS-CoV-1, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2. Conclusion: Although SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) is more infectious than SARS-CoV-1 and MERS-CoV, most infections are generally mild and self-limiting. However, case-fatality rates are very high in patients with COVID-19 with comorbidities, compared to SARS-CoV-1 and MERS-CoV.
JO  - Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research and Reviews
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 14
IS  - 4
PG  - 277-281
SP  - 277
EP  - 281
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.dsx.2020.04.011
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005527623 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.04.011
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Optimizing provision of extracorporeal life support during the COVID-19 pande.mic: Practical considerations for Canadian jurisdictions
AU  - Parhar, K. K. S.
AU  - Lequier, L.
AU  - Blackwood, J.
AU  - Zuege, D. J.
AU  - Singh, G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - CMAJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 192
IS  - 14
PG  - E372-E374
SP  - E372
EP  - E374
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1503/cmaj.200448
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005513019 http://dx.doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.200448
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19 outbreak measures may indirectly lead to greater burden on hospitals
AU  - Heckman, G. A.
AU  - Saari, M.
AU  - McArthur, C.
AU  - Wellens, N. I. H.
AU  - Hirdes, J. P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - CMAJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 192
IS  - 14
PG  - E384
SP  - E384
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1503/cmaj.75230
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005513027 http://dx.doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.75230
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Investigation of potential Chinese materia medica and its monomers in treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) based on angiotensin converting enzyme II (ACE2) receptor
AU  - Zong, Y.
AU  - Ding, M. L.
AU  - Ma, S. T.
AU  - Ju, W. Z.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To investigate the mechanism of treating COVID-19 with traditional Chinese medicine and monomers with ACE2 as receptor. Methods： Chinese materia medica and monomers acting on angiotensin converting enzyme II (ACE2) receptor was retrieved by TCMSP database. UniProt, GeneCards and other databases were used to query the gene names corresponding to the target of Chinese medicine monomer, and then Cytoscape 3.6.1 was used to construct the compound-target (gene) network. DAVID was used to carry out the gene ontology (GO) functional enrichment analysis and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis to predict its mechanism of action. Results： There were 54 targets in the puerarin-target network, including AKT1, VEGFA, TNF, etc. GO function enrichment analysis revealed 554 GO items (P < 0.05), including 486 biological process (BP) items, 26 cell component (CC) items, and 42 molecular function (MF) items. There were 162 signaling pathways (P < 0.05) involved in small cell lung cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, renin-angiotensin system pathway, etc. The results of molecular docking showed that the affinity of puerarin with ACE2 and hydrolase of SARS-CoV-2 was similar to the recommended drugs. Conclusion: Puerarin may regulate multiple signaling pathways by binding ACE2 to AGTR1, NOS3, HIF1A and other targets and regulating multiple signaling pathways, which may have therapeutic effects on COVID-19.
JO  - Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
PG  - 1123-1129
SP  - 1123
EP  - 1129
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2020.05.005
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005541908 http://dx.doi.org/10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2020.05.005
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preliminary study of traditional Chinese medicine for preventing COVID-19 based on data mining
AU  - Zhao, X.
AU  - Zhang, L. X.
AU  - Lu, X. J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - To dig out and analyze the drug rule of COVID-19 prevention prescriptions from provinces and cities by using Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance Support System, summarize and explore its potential new prescription. The Chinese medicine prevention programs for COVID-19 were collected and searched from the official website of the Health Commission and State Administration Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the country and provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities. TCM prevention programs in 17 provinces including Heilongjiang, Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Henan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Hubei, and Hunan, etc were received. A total of 82 herbs were included in 64 prescriptions, the most frequently used Chinese herbs were Astragalus membranaceus, Lonicera japonica, etc. Tonifying deficiency drugs with sweet and warm natures were used the most, the Chinese herbs distributed in the lung channel was the most in channel tropism drugs. Analysis by association rule, eight combinations of commonly used drugs were obtained. Based on entropy clustering method rule analysis, seven potential new prescriptions were obtained. Tonifying deficiency drugs are often used in various places to prevent COVID-19, focusing on the lung, spleen and stomach. Although the specific details are different, they all reflect the preventive thinking of traditional Chinese medicine.
JO  - Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
PG  - 1147-1152
SP  - 1147
EP  - 1152
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2020.05.008
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005541911 http://dx.doi.org/10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2020.05.008
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A review on clinical application of high frequency traditional Chinese medicine in treatment of coronavirus pneumonia 2019
AU  - Shao, Z. B.
AU  - Zhu, Y. X.
AU  - Liu, S. H.
AU  - Jiang, K. J.
AU  - Wu, Q.
AU  - Shen, J. Y.
AU  - Liu, W. W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, there has been a sharp increase in the number of confirmed cases of pneumonia caused by the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) in China, which has caused great concern around the world. In face of severe epidemic, no specific drugs have been found in clinical practice. However, some Chinese medicine compounds have shown obvious clinical efficacy, and it is feasible to find and develop natural drugs for the treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia from these compounds. In this paper, based on the recommends of new type of coronavirus infection pneumonia diagnosis and treatment scheme (trial version 6), the use frequency of Chinese herbal medicines was calculated. The antiviral reports of high frequency Chinese herbal medicines were reviewed, in order to provide the reference for screening the active components against SARS-CoV-2 from traditional Chinese medicine.
JO  - Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
PG  - 1153-1158
SP  - 1153
EP  - 1158
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2020.05.009
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005541912 http://dx.doi.org/10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2020.05.009
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Analysis on diagnosis and treatment scheme of traditional Chinese medicine in treatment of COVID-19 in Chinese provinces and regions
AU  - Ren, W. Y.
AU  - Su, J.
AU  - Liu, Y. Q.
AU  - Hou, W. Q.
AU  - Zheng, Y. J.
AU  - Wei, B. J.
AU  - Jin, X. J.
AU  - Zhang, L. Y.
AU  - Zhang, Z. M.
AU  - Liu, D. L.
AU  - Ning, Y. M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, a novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia was first detected in Wuhan, such cases had been subsequently discovered in other cities. The disease caused by the novel coronavirus was officially named COVID -19 (coronavirus disease 2019) by the world health organization. National Health Commission of China and other provinces and cities have successively performed syndrome differentiation of COVID-19 and provided corresponding Chinese medicine treatment programs. In this epidemic, the disease is a “dampness toxin”. The best principle for treatment is early detection and early treatment. Both Chinese and Western medicine have their own advantages. The advantages could be complementary and could not be replaced each other. Therefore, we collected the Chinese medicine treatment programs for the treatment of COVID-19 comprehensively, conducted a systematic analysis, and especially analyzed the pharmacological basis of traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of COVID-19, which provided a basis for the rationality of Chinese medicine prescription for the treatment of COVID-19, and provided a reference of updating the diagnosis and treatment plan for provinces and cities.
JO  - Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
PG  - 1139-1146
SP  - 1139
EP  - 1146
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2020.05.007
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005541910 http://dx.doi.org/10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2020.05.007
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Traditional Chinese medicine for treatment of COVID-19 based on literature mining of targeting cytokine storm
AU  - Liu, R. P.
AU  - Ge, J. D.
AU  - Zhong, Y.
AU  - Zheng, Q.
AU  - Sun, R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The primary clinical manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are fever, fatigue and dry cough. Several clinical studies reported that some patients with low or medium fever, or even without obvious symptom, rapidly progressed to severe or critical illness, including severe acute respiratory syndrome, septic shock, coagulation disorders and intractable metabolic acidosis. These patients were usually associated with significant elevated serum levels of a profile of cytokines, which is similar to SARS-2003 and MERS-2015, indicating the occurrence of cytokine storm. In the present review, we summarized previous advances in the treatment of severe cases of SARS by using traditional Chinese medicines (TCM), especially those TCM targeting cytokine storm, based on literature mining. By using data mining and network pharmacology, we also investigated underlying mechanisms and biological pathways involved in the inhibitory effects of TCM against cytokine storm. This review not only provides novel insights in the precise application of TCM, appropriate integrative use of TCM in combination with western medicine, but also contributes to the discovery of novel drugs or new therapeutic strategies targeting cytokine storm to suppress progression of COVID-19 and to improve clinical prognosis and outcomes.
JO  - Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
PG  - 1096-1105
SP  - 1096
EP  - 1105
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2020.05.002
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005541905 http://dx.doi.org/10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2020.05.002
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Analysis of TCM in prevention and treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder induced by COVID-19
AU  - Li, Y. F.
AU  - Zhang, Y. G.
AU  - Niu, J. T.
AU  - Si, X. L.
AU  - Yan, X. K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Wuhan, Hubei Province in December 2019, with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2002 and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) in 2012 are all infectious diseases caused by coronavirus. According to the knowledge of infectious diseases such as SARS and MERS, many patients and health care workers suffered from depression and anxiety during and after the epidemic. In particular, post-epidemic survivors were more likely to suffer from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Similar conditions could be occurred during and after COVID-19. Therefore, it is also an important task to reduce the prevalence of PTSD after COVID-19 as much as possible and to relieve the tension of infected patients, first-line medical staff, quarantine personnel and so on. Traditional Chinese medicine has unique advantages in the treatment of emotional diseases. Understanding the etiology and pathogenesis of PTSD by theory of traditional Chinese medicine and looking for effective methods to treat PTSD will be helpful to treat PTSD of survivors after COVID-19. It is found that Sini Powder has potential value in the treatment of PTSD by the summary and comparison of the research on traditional Chinese medicine related to the treatment of PTSD. We hope to overcome this epidemic psychologically and spiritually. Therefore, it is considered that Sini Powder can be used as the first choice for relieving emotional diseases of related patients during COVID-19 and treating PTSD of survivors after COVID-19.
JO  - Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
PG  - 1130-1138
SP  - 1130
EP  - 1138
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2020.05.006
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005541909 http://dx.doi.org/10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2020.05.006
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Study on active compounds from Huoxiang Zhengqi Oral Liquid for prevention of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) based on network pharmacology and molecular docking
AU  - Deng, Y. J.
AU  - Liu, B. W.
AU  - He, Z. X.
AU  - Liu, T.
AU  - Zheng, R. L.
AU  - Yang, A. D.
AU  - Huang, A.
AU  - Li, Y. T.
AU  - Xu, Y. L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To explore the active compounds of Huoxiang Zhengqi Oral Liquid for the treatment of coronavirus desease 2019 (COVID-19) by network pharmacology and molecular docking. Methods： The chemical constituents and action targets of Atractylodes chinensis, Citrus reticulata, Magnolia officinalis, Angelica dahurica, Poria cocos, Areca catechu, Pinellia ternata, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Pogostemon cablin and Perilla frutescens were retrieved from TCMSP. Uniprot database was used to search the corresponding genes of targets, then Cyoscape 3.7.2 software was used to construct the network of medicinal materials-compound-target (gene) for visualization; GO function enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were performed through DAVID to predict its mechanism of action, and histograms and bubble maps were plotted by Prism software and Omicshare database for visualization. Results： The network of medicinal materials-compound-target contained 10 medicinal materials, 123 compounds and 257 corresponding target genes, and the key target genes involved PTGS2, HSP90AB1, AR, CAMSAP2, PPARG, NOS2, etc. GO functional enrichment analysis resulted in 278 GO entries (P < 0.05), including 178 biological processes (BP) entries and 36 cellular component (CC) entries, and 64 molecular function (MF) entries. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed that there were 119 (P < 0.05) signaling pathways involving Hepatitis B, small cell lung cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, bladder cancer, prostate cancer and T cell receptor pathways. The results of molecular docking showed that the core compounds such as quercetin, isorhamnetin, irisolidone, kaempferol, wogonin, and baicalein were similar in affinity with the COVID-19 recommended medicine. Among them, quercetin, isorhamnetin and irisolidone had the strongest affinity. Conclusion: The compounds in Huoxiang Zhengqi Oral Liquid can combine with angiotensin converting enzyme II (ACE2) binding to PTGS2, HSP90AB1, AR, CAMSAP2 and other targets to regulate multiple signaling pathways, thus exerting a preventive or therapeutic effect on COVID-19.
JO  - Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
PG  - 1113-1122
SP  - 1113
EP  - 1122
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2020.05.004
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005541907 http://dx.doi.org/10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2020.05.004
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Thoughts on prevention and treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by traditional Chinese medicine
AU  - Chen, J.
AU  - Wang, W. Q.
AU  - Shi, C. Y.
AU  - Fang, J. G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The etiology and pathogenesis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which was discovered in Wuhan in late 2019 and has spread to the world, were expounded. In view of the application of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the plague over these years, the therapeutic advantages of TCM in different stages of COVID-19 were expounded as “strengthening body resistance and eliminating evil, meeting changes with constancy”, “Syndrome differentiation and treatment, meeting change with variance”, with aim to reduce the sequelae caused by hormone and other drugs and the mortality. It is suggested that Chinese medicine of clearing heat and removing toxin should be used to prevent the uninfected people from COVID-19, and intervene in the early stage of the disease and control the development of it to be severe by inhibiting the “cytokine storm”. In order to refine the dialectical classification according to the theory of “defensing-qi-nutrient-blood syndrome differentiation”, to give full play to the individual advantages of TCM in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19. We should pay attention to the rational use of TCM in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19, collect the real world clinical data, and integrate TCM and Western medicine with TCM as the main part. The COVID-19 database of integrated TCM and Western medicine can be used to prepare for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19.
JO  - Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
PG  - 1106-1112
SP  - 1106
EP  - 1112
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2020.05.003
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005541906 http://dx.doi.org/10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2020.05.003
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Theoretical basis and effect characteristics of andrographolide against COVID-19
AU  - Cai, N.
AU  - Li, Y. J.
AU  - Zhou, G. R.
AU  - Xin, C.
AU  - Xie, J.
AU  - Zhou, H. H.
AU  - Miao, X. L.
AU  - Zhou, S. P.
AU  - He, Y.
AU  - Wang, C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread rapidly in China. National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China and local departments have released a number of diagnosis and treatment plans for COVID-19. Some plans recommend Xiyanping Injection for the clinical treatment of COVID-19. The active component of the drug is the total sulfonate of andrographolide, which is a derivative of andrographolide. This paper summarized the pharmacological action and clinical application of andrographolide, and proposed that it has the functions of clearing heat and detoxification, anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory, and definite therapeutic effect on respiratory system diseases including viral pneumonia and upper respiratory tract infection, and a large number of clinical data have been accumulated. Andrographolide has a potential antiviral effect on the treatment of COVID-19, and can reduce the level of inflammation in patients, improve respiratory symptoms, inhibit concurrent bacterial infection, and improve the body immunity. At the same time, it will not bring the immunosuppressive effect of hormone drugs, and the incidence of adverse reactions is low. In addition, Andrographolide has certain hepatoprotective effects and clinical value for treating cardiovascular diseases in clinical experience, suggesting that it may have some protective effects on drug-induced liver injury, heart injury and liver injury caused by durgs against COVID-19, but further clinical verification is needed. The pharmacological action and clinical application of andrographolide are summarized. This paper also analyzes the etiology, pathogenesis and dialectical treatment of COVID-19 from the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine, and points out that the treatment of COVID-19 with andrographolide is consistent with the theory of traditional Chinese medicine.
JO  - Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
PG  - 1159-1166
SP  - 1159
EP  - 1166
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2020.05.010
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005541913 http://dx.doi.org/10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2020.05.010
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Role of Cytokines including Interleukin-6 in COVID-19 induced Pneumonia and Macrophage Activation Syndrome-Like Disease
AU  - McGonagle, D.
AU  - Sharif, K.
AU  - O'Regan, A.
AU  - Bridgewood, C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Severe COVID-19 associated pneumonia patients may exhibit features of systemic hyper-inflammation designated under the umbrella term of macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) or cytokine storm, also known as secondary haemophagocytic lymphohistocytosis (sHLH). This is distinct from HLH associated with immunodeficiency states termed primary HLH -with radically different therapy strategies in both situations. COVID-19 infection with MAS typically occurs in subjects with adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and historically, non-survival in ARDS was linked to sustained IL-6 and IL-1 elevation. We provide a model for the classification of MAS to stratify the MAS-like presentation in COVID-19 pneumonia and explore the complexities of discerning ARDS from MAS. We discuss the potential impact of timing of anti-cytokine therapy on viral clearance and the impact of such therapy on intra-pulmonary macrophage activation and emergent pulmonary vascular disease.
JO  - Autoimmunity Reviews
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.autrev.2020.102537
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005503629 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.autrev.2020.102537
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Caring for orthopaedic patients affected by elective surgery suspensions
AU  - Wall, C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Australian journal of general practice
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 49
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.31128/AJGP-COVID-04
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L631431854 http://dx.doi.org/10.31128/AJGP-COVID-04
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mental health of medical workers in Pakistan during the pandemic COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Rana, W.
AU  - Mukhtar, S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Asian Journal of Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 51
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102080
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005523684 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102080
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Psychiatrist in post-COVID-19 era – Are we prepared?
AU  - Das, N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Asian Journal of Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 51
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102082
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005527707 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102082
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical Research and Trials—A “Nonessential” Victim of the COVID-19 Pandemic?
AU  - Peyrin-Biroulet, Laurent
AU  - Ananthakrishnan, Ashwin N.
PY  - 9000
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - American Journal of Gastroenterology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Publish Ahead of Print
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00000434-900000000-99350
DO  - 10.14309/ajg.0000000000000663
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/ajg/Fulltext/publishahead/Clinical_Research_and_Trials_A__Nonessential_.99350.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical Characteristics of COVID-19 Patients With Digestive Symptoms in Hubei, China: A Descriptive, Cross-Sectional, Multicenter Study
AU  - Pan, Lei
AU  - Mu, Mi
AU  - Yang, Pengcheng
AU  - Sun, Yu
AU  - Wang, Runsheng
AU  - Yan, Junhong
AU  - Li, Pibao
AU  - Hu, Baoguang
AU  - Wang, Jing
AU  - Hu, Chao
AU  - Jin, Yuan
AU  - Niu, Xun
AU  - Ping, Rongyu
AU  - Du, Yingzhen
AU  - Li, Tianzhi
AU  - Xu, Guogang
AU  - Hu, Qinyong
AU  - Tu, Lei
PY  - 9000
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE: Since the outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in December 2019, various digestive symptoms have been frequently reported in patients infected with the virus. In this study, we aimed to further investigate the prevalence and outcomes of COVID-19 patients with digestive symptoms. METHODS: In this descriptive, cross-sectional, multicenter study, we enrolled confirmed patients with COVID-19 who presented to 3 hospitals from January 18, 2020, to February 28, 2020. All patients were confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction and were analyzed for clinical characteristics, laboratory data, and treatment. Data were followed up until March 18, 2020. RESULTS: In the present study, 204 patients with COVID-19 and full laboratory, imaging, and historical data were analyzed. The average age was 52.9 years (SD ± 16), including 107 men and 97 women. Although most patients presented to the hospital with fever or respiratory symptoms, we found that 103 patients (50.5%) reported a digestive symptom, including lack of appetite (81 [78.6%] cases), diarrhea (35 [34%] cases), vomiting (4 [3.9%] cases), and abdominal pain (2 [1.9%] cases). If lack of appetite is excluded from the analysis (because it is less specific for the gastrointestinal tract), there were 38 total cases (18.6%) where patients presented with a gastrointestinal-specific symptom, including diarrhea, vomiting, or abdominal pain. Patients with digestive symptoms had a significantly longer time from onset to admission than patients without digestive symptoms (9.0 days vs 7.3 days). In 6 cases, there were digestive symptoms, but no respiratory symptoms. As the severity of the disease increased, digestive symptoms became more pronounced. Patients with digestive symptoms had higher mean liver enzyme levels, lower monocyte count, longer prothrombin time, and received more antimicrobial treatment than those without digestive symptoms. DISCUSSION: We found that digestive symptoms are common in patients with COVID-19. Moreover, these patients have a longer time from onset to admission, evidence of longer coagulation, and higher liver enzyme levels. Clinicians should recognize that digestive symptoms, such as diarrhea, are commonly among the presenting features of COVID-19 and that the index of suspicion may need to be raised earlier in at-risk patients presenting with digestive symptoms. However, further large sample studies are needed to confirm these findings. Correspondence: Lei Tu, MD, PhD. E-mail: tulei_1985@126.com. Qinyong Hu, MD. E-mail: rm001223@whu.edu.cn. Guogang Xu, MD, PhD. E-mail: guogang_xu@163.com. Received March 18, 2020 © The American College of Gastroenterology 2020. All Rights Reserved.
JO  - American Journal of Gastroenterology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Publish Ahead of Print
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00000434-900000000-99353
DO  - 10.14309/ajg.0000000000000620
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/ajg/Fulltext/publishahead/Clinical_Characteristics_of_COVID_19_Patients_With.99353.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Computational Design of ACE2-Based Peptide Inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Han, Yanxiao
AU  - Král, Petr
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Peptide inhibitors against the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, currently causing a worldwide pandemic, are designed and simulated. The inhibitors are mostly formed by two sequential self-supporting α-helices (bundle) extracted from the protease domain (PD) of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which bind to the SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domains. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed that the α-helical peptides maintain their secondary structure and provide a highly specific and stable binding (blocking) to SARS-CoV-2. To provide a multivalent binding to the SARS-CoV-2 receptors, many such peptides could be attached to the surfaces of nanoparticle carriers. The proposed peptide inhibitors could provide simple and efficient therapeutics against the COVID-19 disease.
JO  - ACS Nano
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1021/acsnano.0c02857
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.0c02857
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Intervenciones no farmacológicas para la contención, mitigación y supresión de la infección por COVID-19. Sintésis rápida
AU  - Universidad de, Antioquia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - La enfermedad respiratoria aguda COVID-19 es la causante de la pandemia que actualmente amenaza la salud de los seres humanos. La infección se ha propagado a 199 paísesy territorios, se han reportado 621.636 casos confirmados de la infección, 28,658 muertes y 135,752 pacientes recuperados. En Colombia, a 28 de marzo, se reportan 539 casos confirmados, seis muertes, 10 recuperados y 523 casos activos. Dada la situación global, en donde algunos países ya están controlando la infección y otros por el contrario están enfrentando situaciones cada vez mas difíciles, es importante identificar y aprender de las experiencias y estrategias que han adoptado otros países. En esta síntesis rápida se incluyeron, la ciudad de Wuhan y los siguientes países: Canadá, Estados Unidos, México Cuba, Colombia, Brasil, Chile, Argentina, Reino Unido, España, Italia, Alemania, Australia, Rusia, China, Japón, Noruega, Corea del Sur, Irán. Todos los países, han implementado diferentes estrategias para controlar la infección del COVID-19. Sin embargo, hay variabilidad en la cantidad y el tipo de intervenciones. Algunos países están enfocados principalmente en establecer restricciones de viajes, aislamiento de los casos identificados y de las personas de alto riesgo. Otros tienen una combinación más intensa de medidas obligatorias de cuarentena para toda la población, cierre de todos los centros educativos
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 35-35
SP  - 35
EP  - 35
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/p8yzj
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Tratamiento farmacológico de la infección COVID-19 en adultos. Actualización
AU  - Universidad de, Antioquia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - La enfermedad respiratoria aguda COVID-19 es la causante de la pandemia que actualmente amenaza la salud de los seres humanos. Al 5 de abril, se ha propagado la infección se ha propagado a 208 países, se han reportado 1&#039;273.709 casos confirmados de la infeccioÌn, 69.456 muertes y 262.486 pacientes recuperados. En Colombia, se reportan 1.485 casos confirmados, 35 muertes, 88 recuperados y 1.362 casos activos, de los cuales 50 se encuentran en condición crítica. Se incluyeron 19 nuevos estudios que cumplieron criterios de elegibilidad, cuatro revisiones sistemáticas, dos ensayos clínicos, y 13 estudios observacionales. En total, esta síntesis rápida incluye 36 estudios, dos guías de práctica clínica, seis revisiones sistemáticas, cinco ensayos clínicos, y 23 estudios observacionales. La evidencia disponible sobre tratamientos farmacológicos para el control de la infección COVID-19 es aún limitada y de baja calidad. Se identifican siete grupos de tratamientos usados en pacientes con infección COVID-19. Se detallan a continuación junto con la evidencia clínica disponible de su eficacia y seguridad: Antivirales, Interferón, Cloroquina e hidroxicloroquina, Corticosteroides, Oxigenoterapia, Reanimación con líquidos endovenosos y otros tratamientos.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 34-34
SP  - 34
EP  - 34
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/4ehmq
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Orientações para favelas e periferias sobre o Covid-19
AU  - Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina de Família e, Comunidade
AU  - Associação de Medicina de Família e Comunidade do Rio de, Janeiro
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.unasus.gov.br/especial/covid19/pdf/51 http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/5qy4v
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Covid-19: medidas de prevenção e controle de infecção na assistência à saúde orientações para a organização das ações em saúde bucal: aps e centro de especialidade odontológica
AU  - São Paulo Secretaria da, Saúde
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 9-9
SP  - 9
EP  - 9
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/vbmby
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Orientações para o cuidado em saúde à população em situação de rua em razão da disseminação do coronavírus
AU  - Rio Grande do Sul . Secretaria da, Saúde
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.unasus.gov.br/especial/covid19/pdf/50 http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/64x9u
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Protocolo para la recepción, organización y distribución de los traslados de los pacientes confirmados o sospechosos sintomáticos de COVID-19
AU  - Perú. Ministerio de, Salud
AU  - Dirección General de Telesalud, Referencia y Urgencias
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - El documento establece procesos y procedimientos que coadyuven a salvaguardar la salud, reforzando la capacidad de respuesta de la atención para el transporte asistido de pacientes, a fin de evitar y reducir la transmisión, el impacto sanitario, social y económico, ante la presencia de la enfermedad por Coronavirus (COVID-19) en el país.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 37-37
SP  - 37
EP  - 37
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/vwya5
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Directiva sanitaria para el manejo de cadáveres por COVID-19
AU  - Perú. Ministerio de, Salud
AU  - Dirección General de Salud Ambiental e Inocuidad, Alimentaria
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - El documento contiene las pautas básicas a seguir para el manejo de cadáveres cuya causa de defunción haya sido por COVID-19.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 12-12
SP  - 12
EP  - 12
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/zxtzn
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Plan nacional de reforzamiento de los servicios de salud y contención del COVID-19
AU  - Perú. Ministerio de, Salud
AU  - Dirección General de Operaciones en, Salud
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - El documento contiene las disposiciones que van ha permitir el reforzamiento de los servicios de salud y contención del COVID-19 y el fortalecimiento de la participación ciudadana efectiva en el territorio nacional.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 32-32
SP  - 32
EP  - 32
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/w2ypd
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Guía técnica de atención de viajeros que ingresan y salen del país con sospecha de infección por COVID-19
AU  - Perú. Ministerio de, Salud
AU  - Dirección General de Intervenciones Estratégicas en Salud, Pública
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - El documento contiene los procedimientos para la atención a los viajeros que llegan del extranjero con sospecha de COVID-19
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 9-9
SP  - 9
EP  - 9
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/jpmhk
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prevención y atención de personas afectadas por COVID-19 en el Perú: Documento técnico
AU  - Perú. Ministerio de, Salud
AU  - Dirección General de Intervenciones Estratégicas en Salud, Pública
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - El documento contiene los criterios técnicos y procedimientos para la prevención, diagnóstico y tratamiento de los pacientes con COVID-19 en un escenario de transmisión comunitaria, para reducir el impacto sanitario, social y económico en el territorio nacional.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 41-41
SP  - 41
EP  - 41
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/yg7d2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Directiva sanitaria para la implementación y funcionamiento de los equipos de respuesta rápida (ERR) que realizan la vigilancia epidemiológica de casos sospechosos de COVID-19
AU  - Perú. Ministerio de, Salud
AU  - Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Prevención y Control de Enfermedades
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - El documento contiene los criterios técnicos y operativos para la implementación y funcionamiento de los Equipos de Respuesta Rápida (ERR) que realizarán la vigilancia epidemiológica y laboratorial de los casos sospechosos de COVID-19
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 13-13
SP  - 13
EP  - 13
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/5ythe
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Directiva sanitaria para la vigilancia epidemiológica de la enfermedad por Coronavirus (COVID-19) en el Perú
AU  - Perú. Ministerio de, Salud
AU  - Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Prevención y Control de Enfermedades
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - El documento contiene los lineamientos y procedimientos para la vigilancia epidemiológica del COVID-19 en el país
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 22-22
SP  - 22
EP  - 22
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/bc4g6
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Wuhan novel coronavirus 2019nCoV – update February 7th 2020
AU  - Macintyre, C Raina
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://doi.org/10.31646/gbio.52
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Global spread of COVID-19 and pandemic potential
AU  - MacIntyre, C Raina
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://doi.org/10.31646/gbio.55
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Lineamientos técnicos para el manejo y disposición final de cadáveres de casos COVID-19 (Segunda Edición)
AU  - El Salvador. Ministerio de, Salud
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Las directrices para el manejo y disposición final de cadáveres por COVID­2019, requieren de medidas de bioseguridad y precaución estándar encaminadas para este fin y lograr la prevención de esta infección en el personal responsable del manejo y disposición final de cadáveres. Los presentes lineamientos técnicos contienen las actividades que el personal de salud debe cumplir para el manejo y disposición final de cadáveres en los diferentes escenarios y durante el traslado en busca de atención. Asimismo se establecen las indicaciones para la inhumación ante el fallecimiento por caso confirmado o sospecho de COVID-19. Todo lo anterior con el objetivo de proteger la salud de la población en general fortaleciendo la prevención y evitando la transmisibilidad. Objetivo general: Establecer las disposiciones técnicas y de bioseguridad para la prevención de infecciones en el personal responsable del manejo y disposición final de cadáveres por COVID­19, familiares, comunidad en general y otros actores que intervengan en estos procesos por mandato legal. Objetivos específicos: a)Brindar las directrices sobre el manejo y disposición final del cadáver dentro y fuera de los establecimientos de salud. b)Orientar a las instituciones funerarias sobre el procedimiento a seguir durante la pandemia COVID-19. c)Disponer de un instrumento legal que garantice evitar la transmisibilidad de la enfermedad COVID-19 por la manipulación de cadáveres. Ámbito de aplicación: Están sujetos al cumplimiento de los presentes Lineamientos técnicos el personal del Sistema Nacional Integrado de Salud, municipalidades, personas naturales y jurídicas que estén vinculadas al manejo y disposición final de cadáveres por COVID-19
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 19-19
SP  - 19
EP  - 19
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://asp.salud.gob.sv/regulacion/pdf/lineamientos/lineamientostecnicosparaelmanejoydisposicionfinaldecadavesdecasosdeCOVID19SE.pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Precaution of SARS-CoV-2 infection in ophthalmology medical staff
AU  - Chen*, Bo
AU  - Zhang*, Xian
AU  - Sun, Xu-Fang
AU  - undefined
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The epidemic of the SARS-CoV-2 infection has presented as a critical period. Until February 14th 2020, more than 55 000 cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection has been confirmed in China, which has a great impact on economy and society, and also seriously interfering with ordinary medical practice of ophthalmology. In order to protect ophthalmology medical staff from SARS-CoV-2 infection during the outbreak period, this paper suggests the necessary medical protective measures for ophthalmology outpatient and ward.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://doi.org/10.3980/j.issn.1672-5123.2020.3.41
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prediction of the SARS-CoV-2 (2019-nCoV) 3C-like protease (3CLpro) structure: virtual screening reveals velpatasvir, ledipasvir, and other drug repurposing candidates [version 1; peer review: 2 approved]
AU  - Chen, Yu Wai
AU  - Yiu, Chin-Pang Bennu
AU  - Wong, Kwok-Yin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We prepared the three-dimensional model of the SARS-CoV-2 (aka 2019-nCoV) 3C-like protease (3CLpro) using the crystal structure of the highly similar (96% identity) ortholog from the SARS-CoV. All residues involved in the catalysis, substrate binding and dimerisation are 100% conserved. Comparison of the polyprotein PP1AB sequences showed 86% identity. The 3C-like cleavage sites on the coronaviral polyproteins are highly conserved. Based on the near-identical substrate specificities and high sequence identities, we are of the opinion that some of the previous progress of specific inhibitors development for the SARS-CoV enzyme can be conferred on its SARS-CoV-2 counterpart. With the 3CLpro molecular model, we performed virtual screening for purchasable drugs and proposed 16 candidates for consideration. Among these, the antivirals ledipasvir or velpatasvir are particularly attractive as therapeutics to combat the new coronavirus with minimal side effects, commonly fatigue and headache. The drugs Epclusa (velpatasvir/sofosbuvir) and Harvoni (ledipasvir/sofosbuvir) could be very effective owing to their dual inhibitory actions on two viral enzymes.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
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PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.22457.1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Atenção à saúde do recém-nascido no contexto da infecção do novo Coronavírus (SARS-CoV-2)
AU  - Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Atenção Primária à, Saúde
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.unasus.gov.br/especial/covid19/pdf/97 http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/ns4fb
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Condutas para a doação de leite materno aos bancos de leite humano e postos de coleta de leite humano no contexto da infecção pelo Coronavírus (SARS-CoV-2)
AU  - Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Atenção Primária à, Saúde
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.unasus.gov.br/especial/covid19/pdf/96 http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/6tg6p
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Recomendações à rede de atenção psicossocial sobre estratégias de organização no contexto da infecção da covid-19 causada pelo novo Coronavírus (SARS-CoV-2)
AU  - Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Atenção Primária à, Saúde
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.unasus.gov.br/especial/covid19/pdf/103 http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/877uz
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Orientações para o registro do FAST-TRACK da abordagem sindrômica de Síndrome Gripal nos atendimentos aos cidadãos com suspeita de H1N1 e COVID-19 no Prontuário Eletrônico do Cidadão (PEC) do e-SUS APS
AU  - Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Atenção Primária à, Saúde
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.unasus.gov.br/especial/covid19/pdf/88 http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/66gja
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Saúde mental e atenção psicossocial na pandemia Covid-19: recomendações gerais
AU  - Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. Fundação Oswaldo, Cruz
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.unasus.gov.br/especial/covid19/pdf/108 http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/rhmpe
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Saúde mental e atenção psicossocial na pandemia Covid-19: recomendações para o cuidado de crianças em situações de isolamento hospitalar
AU  - Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. Fundação Oswaldo, Cruz
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.unasus.gov.br/especial/covid19/pdf/109 http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/cbhjd
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Saúde mental e atenção psicossocial na pandemia Covid-19: recomendações para gestores
AU  - Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. Fundação Oswaldo, Cruz
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.unasus.gov.br/especial/covid19/pdf/110 http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/jhxg2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Coronavírus CoViD-19: Fluxo de manejo clínico do adulto e idoso na atenção especializada
AU  - Brasil. Ministério da, Saúde
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.unasus.gov.br/especial/covid19/pdf/80 http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/j3h4y
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Coronavírus CoViD-19: Fluxo de manejo clínico de gestantes na atenção especializada
AU  - Brasil. Ministério da, Saúde
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.unasus.gov.br/especial/covid19/pdf/85 http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/9v79a
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Coronavírus CoViD-19: Fluxo de manejo clínico pediátrico na atenção especializada
AU  - Brasil. Ministério da, Saúde
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.unasus.gov.br/especial/covid19/pdf/86 http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/44mww
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Recomendações aos Agentes de Combate a Endemias (ACE) para adequação das ações de vigilância e controle de zoonoses frente à atual situação epidemiológica referente ao Coronavírus (COVID-19)
AU  - Brasil. Ministério da, Saúde
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.unasus.gov.br/especial/covid19/pdf/106 http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/5d7gm
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Coronavírus CoViD-19: Fluxograma de atendimento odontológico
AU  - Brasil. Ministério da, Saúde
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.unasus.gov.br/especial/covid19/pdf/53 http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/5jqu9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Atendimento a pessoas com suspeita de infecção pelo novo coronavírus (2019-nCoV) na atenção primária à saúde
AU  - Brasil. Ministério da, Saúde
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.unasus.gov.br/especial/covid19/pdf/24 http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/4h4hu
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Evitar transmissão intradomiciliar da doença pelo Coronavírus (COVID-19)
AU  - Brasil. Ministério da, Saúde
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.unasus.gov.br/especial/covid19/pdf/28 http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/y848m
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Manejo de corpos no contexto do novo Coronavírus COVID-19
AU  - Brasil. Ministério da, Saúde
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Em dezembro de 2019, em Wuhan, China, um novo coronavírus (SARS-COV-2) foi identificado como causa de doença respiratória aguda grave (COVID-19). Em janeiro de 2020, a Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) declarou o surto como uma emergência de saúde pública de interesse internacional (ESPII) e, em março de 2020, com a disseminação do vírus em diferentes países, foi declarada a pandemia. As definições de caso suspeito e confirmado de COVID-19 adotadas pelo Ministério da Saúde estão disponíveis neste endereço eletrônico: https://coronavirus.saude.gov.br/sobre-a-doenca#casossuspeito. A transmissão da COVID-19 se dá pelo contato pessoa-a-pessoa e por meio de fômites. Salientamos que o vírus SARS-COV-2 pode permanecer viável em superfícies ambientais por 24 horas ou mais. A transmissão de doenças infecciosas também pode ocorrer por meio do manejo de corpos, sobretudo em equipamentos de saúde. Isso é agravado por uma situação de ausência ou uso inadequado dos equipamentos de proteção individual (EPI). Nesse contexto, os profissionais envolvidos com os cuidados com o corpo ficam expostos ao risco de infecção. Os velórios e funerais de pacientes confirmados/suspeitos da COVID-19 NÃO são recomendados devido à aglomeração de pessoas em ambientes fechados. Nesse caso, o risco de transmissão também está associado ao contato entre familiares e amigos. Essa recomendação deverá ser observada durante os períodos com indicação de isolamento social e quarentena. A autópsia NÃO deve ser realizada e é desnecessária em caso de confirmação ante-mortemda COVID-19. Devido ao risco aumentado de complicações de piores prognósticos da COVID-19, reco-menda-se que profissionais com idade igual ou acima de 60 anos, gestantes, lactantes, portadores de doenças crônicas, cardiopulmonares, oncológicas ou imunodeprimidos não sejam expostos às atividades relacionadas ao manejo de corpos de casos confirmados/suspeitos pela COVID-19. Considerando a possibilidade de monitoramento, recomenda-se que sejam registrados nomes, datas e atividades de todos os trabalhadores que participaram dos cuidados post-mortem,incluindo a limpeza do quarto/enfermaria. É necessário fornecer explicações adequadas aos familiares/responsáveis sobre os cuidados com o corpo do ente falecido.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.unasus.gov.br/especial/covid19/pdf/70 http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/gm4rs
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - COVID-19 e atendimento odontológico no SUS
AU  - Brasil. Ministério da, Saúde
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.unasus.gov.br/especial/covid19/pdf/52 http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/ggygn
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - ORTA DOĞU SOLUNUM SENDROMU CORONAVİRÜSÜ SALGINLARI
AU  - Ay, Ahmet
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Derlemenin amacı 2012 yılında yeni tanımlanmış MERS (Orta Doğu Solunum Sendromu) hastalığı etkeni olan MERS-CoV (Orta Doğu Solunum Sendromu Coronavirüs) virüsünü tanımak ve günümüze kadar neden olduğu olgu artışlarını ortaya koymaktır. Aynı Coronavirüs ailesinde yer alan salgın etkeni SARS’dan () daha yüksek fatalite hızına (.4) sahip MERS-CoV salgınları, ilk tanımlandığından bu yana 27 ülkede, 858 ölüm dahil toplam 2494 olgu ile küresel bir halk sağlığı tehdidi haline gelmiştir. Özellikle yakın temas ile bulaşmakta olan MERS-CoV virüsü hastane kaynaklı salgınlara neden olarak insandan insana yayılabilmektedir.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://doaj.org/article/fcb878fd92ff42329cfae93dca025f9e
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Possibility of Faecal-Oral Transmission of Novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) via Consumption of Contaminated Foods of Animal Origin: A Hypothesis
AU  - Ahmadiara, E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This article has no abstract. DOI:10.18502/jfqhc.7.1.2445
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://doaj.org/article/3a32ffe0386a48aeabfe7779a0fb4cf1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Whether conjunctival congestion in patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus is definitely related the novel coronavirus?]
AU  - Zhang, M. C.
AU  - Xie, H. T.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Currently, it is commonly reported that COVID-19 patients are associated with conjunctival congestion and other symptoms, and the transmission route or high-risk diseases of ophthalmology and high-risk working status are speculated. Are conjunctival congestion or conjunctival related symptoms in patients with 2019 novel coronavirus definitely related the novel coronavirus? Conjunctival congestion is one of the common clinical signs of various types of conjunctivitis. The symptoms and signs of conjunctivitis in COVID-19 patients may be related to a variety of factors. Therefore, conjunctival symptoms should not be associated with 2019 novel coronavirus without evidence. ( Chin J Ophthalmol, 2020, 56: ).
JO  - [Zhonghua yan ke za zhi] Chinese journal of ophthalmology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 56
IS  - 0
PG  - E010-E010
SP  - E010
EP  - E010
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112142-20200324-00218
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Prognostic value of myocardial injury in patients with COVID-19]
AU  - Wang, L.
AU  - He, W. B.
AU  - Yu, X. M.
AU  - Liu, H. F.
AU  - Zhou, W. J.
AU  - Jiang, H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To analyze the prognostic value of myocardial injury in patients with COVID-19. Method: Confirmed cases of COVID-19 patients admitted from January 31st to February 5th at isolation ward of Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University were divided into non-survival group and survival group according to the clinical outcomes 5 weeks after admission. Data including demographics, comorbidities, vital signs, laboratory results were obtained. Cardiac injury was defined as serum concentration of high sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) above 0.04 μg/L. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression were used to analyze the prognostic value of myocardial injury in patients with COVID-19. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to plotted survival curve and analyze the impact of myocardial injury on the survival outcome of COVID-19 patients. Results: A total of 202 patients were included, the age was 63 (51, 70) years old, 88 (43.6%) of them were male, 85 (42.1%) of them had comorbidities, 125 (61.9%) of them were severely to critically ill. Till March 11, 33 patients died, all of them were critically ill patients. The age, proportion of males, comorbidities, respire rate, serum levels of hs-cTnI and incidence of heart failure in the non-survival group were significantly higher than those in the survival group (all P<0.05). The hospitalization time of non-survival group was significantly shorter than that of survival group (6(4, 9) vs. 32(23, 36), P<0.001). Myocardial injury was an important prognostic factor of COVID-19 (HR=5.382, 95%CI 2.404-12.05, P<0.001). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the presence of myocardial injury was significantly associated with the reduced survival rate among COVID-19 patients (P<0.001). Conclusion: Myocardial injury is an important prognostic factor of COVID-19, COVID-19 patients with myocardial injury face a significantly higher risk of death.
JO  - [Zhonghua yan ke za zhi] Chinese journal of ophthalmology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 56
IS  - 0
PG  - E009-E009
SP  - E009
EP  - E009
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20200313-00202
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Scientific statement on using of renin angiotensin system blockers in patients with cardiovascular disease and COVID-19]
AU  - Chinese Society of Cardiology, Editorial Board of Chinese Journal of Cardiology
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zhonghua xin xue guan bing za zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 48
IS  - 0
PG  - E014-E014
SP  - E014
EP  - E014
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-3758.2020.0014
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32283876
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Molecular Investigation of SARS–CoV-2 Proteins and Their Interactions with Antiviral Drugs
AU  - Calligari, Paolo
AU  - Bobone, Sara
AU  - Ricci, Giorgio
AU  - Bocedi, Alessio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A new Coronavirus strain, named SARS-CoV-2, suddenly emerged in early December 2019. SARS-CoV-2 resulted in being dramatically infectious, with thousands of people infected. In this scenario, and without effective vaccines available, the importance of an immediate tool to support patients and against viral diffusion becomes evident. In this study, we exploit the molecular docking approach to analyze the affinity between different viral proteins and several inhibitors, originally developed for other viral infections. Our data show that, in some cases, a relevant binding can be detected. These findings support the hypothesis to develop new antiviral agents against COVID-19, on the basis of already established therapies.
JO  - Viruses 2020, Vol. 12, Page 445
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 12
IS  - 4
PG  - 445-445
SP  - 445
EP  - 445
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/V12040445
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - What Does Plant-Based Vaccine Technology Offer to the Fight against COVID-19?
AU  - Rosales-Mendoza, Sergio
AU  - Márquez-Escobar, Verónica A.
AU  - González-Ortega, Omar
AU  - Nieto-Gómez, Ricardo
AU  - Arévalo-Villalobos, Jaime I.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The emergence of new pathogenic viral strains is a constant threat to global health, with the new coronavirus strain COVID-19 as the latest example. COVID-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus has quickly spread around the globe. This pandemic demands rapid development of drugs and vaccines. Plant-based vaccines are a technology with proven viability, which have led to promising results for candidates evaluated at the clinical level, meaning this technology could contribute towards the fight against COVID-19. Herein, a perspective in how plant-based vaccines can be developed against COVID-19 is presented. Injectable vaccines could be generated by using transient expression systems, which offer the highest protein yields and are already adopted at the industrial level to produce VLPs-vaccines and other biopharmaceuticals under GMPC-processes. Stably-transformed plants are another option, but this approach requires more time for the development of antigen-producing lines. Nonetheless, this approach offers the possibility of developing oral vaccines in which the plant cell could act as the antigen delivery agent. Therefore, this is the most attractive approach in terms of cost, easy delivery, and mucosal immunity induction. The development of multiepitope, rationally-designed vaccines is also discussed regarding the experience gained in expression of chimeric immunogenic proteins in plant systems.
JO  - Vaccines 2020, Vol. 8, Page 183
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 8
IS  - 2
PG  - 183-183
SP  - 183
EP  - 183
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/VACCINES8020183
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Fatal outcome of coronavirus disease 2019 in a previously healthy 50-year-old man]
AU  - Wissenbjerg, Mads
AU  - Andersen, Lars Peter Kloster
AU  - Pallisgaard, Jannik Langtved
AU  - Lawson-Smith, Pia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In this case report, a 50-year-old man who had no medical history, presented with multiple cardiac arrests following a week with progressing symptoms of pneumonia. After achieving return of spontaneous circulation he presented with respiratory failure with severe hypoxia, septic shock, and multiple organ failure. A chest X-ray showed signs of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Despite aggressive intensive care management, the patient died 7.5 hours after admission. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was later confirmed, and the presumed cause of death was SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. In conclusion: coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can lead to a fatal outcome in younger healthy residents, who are not treated timely in case of severe symptoms like dyspnoea.
JO  - Ugeskrift for laeger
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 182
IS  - 16
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Possible unregistered SARS-CoV-2 infection in a young man with anosmia and ageusia]
AU  - Stripp, Tobias Kvist
AU  - Søndergaard, Jens
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, testing of suspected cases in Denmark has recently been limited to those who were critically ill. This has left an increasing number of unregistered infections in the society, obscured quantification and impacted lived lives. This case story reports a possible mild SARS-CoV-2 infection in a healthy young man in his twenties. Due to strategic guidelines, he was never tested for SARS-CoV-2, but the medical record was highly suspicious for infection. Besides the well-known symptoms of SARS-CoV-2, this case also reports total anosmia and ageusia.
JO  - Ugeskrift for laeger
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 182
IS  - 16
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Global thread of COVID 19 and evacuatıon of the cıtızens of dıfferent countrıes
AU  - Şencan, Irfan
AU  - Kuzi, Semanur
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Beginning from China on December 2019, COVID-19 epidemic has spreaded all over the world in a short period of time and been a pandemic. In challenge with this pandemic quarantine technique has been used widely after tens of years. In the course of the pandemic, many countries evacuated their citizens from affected regions and combined the evacuation with quarantine process. Some examples of these countries who evacuated their citizens are Germany, Italy, Spain, USA. In further times, during the course of pandemic, according to spread, other countries evacuated their citizens from these countries too. Despite being the origin of the pandemic, in later times Wuhan was also a place people were evacuated to. Evacuation and quarantine have caused social and pyschological impacts on people and some of them took place in mainstream media. In this review article, evacuation and quarantine processes as well as the society's reactions to these have been compiled.
JO  - Turkish journal of medical sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3906/sag-2004-21
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 Epidemiology and Control, Different Scenarios for Turkey
AU  - Petersen, Eskild
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Coronavirus Infectious Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is now a pandemic spreading in most countries including Turkey. MATERIALS: The current knowledge of COVID-19 and the virus causing it, SARS-CoV-2, was reviewed. The epidemiology and control in different countries was compared and the differences discussed. RESULTS: The population attack rates and case fatality rates vary from country to country with Lombardy in northern Italy reporting an attack rate in the general population of 0.37% compared to 0.004% in Hong Kong. The differences are caused by different testing strategies and reporting systems. CONCLUSION: Turkey is early in the outbreak. Different control strategies are available with South Korea, Hong Kong and Singapore being models to follow.
JO  - Turkish journal of medical sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3906/sag-2003-260
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Early Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on the Global and Turkish Economy
AU  - Açikgöz, Ömer
AU  - Günay, Asli
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND/AIM: Individuals infected by the Covid-19 potentially are at risk of health and economic well-being. Today, the Covid-19 is a global issue, and the world economy can be interpreted as almost at the standstill. In this context, this study aims to discuss the potential first reactions of short and long term global economic impacts of the pandemic through sectors by assessing its costs according to the data announced for both the world and Turkey. In addition, this study tries to put forth possible economic and political scenarios for the post-pandemic world. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a review article that summarizes the current reports and discussions about the economic consequences of this historical event, and tries to make some inferences considering them. RESULTS: This pandemic has severe adverse effects on the employees, customers, supply chains and financial markets, in brief, most probably it will cause a global economic recession. Nevertheless, due to the uncertainty of the end of this pandemic, both the length and scale of this contraction are not predictable. CONCLUSION: It takes a while for the world economy to recover from the contraction. It seems that this pandemic will lead to a permanent shift in the world and its politics, especially in health, security, trade, employment, agriculture, manufacturing goods production and science policies. Since this new world might provide great opportunities for some countries that did not dominate world production before, governments should develop new strategies to adjust the new world order without much delay.
JO  - Turkish journal of medical sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3906/sag-2004-6
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recommendations of individualized medical treatment and common adverse events management for lung cancer patients during the outbreak of COVID-19 epidemic
AU  - Zhao, Zhe
AU  - Bai, Hua
AU  - Duan, Jianchun
AU  - Wang, Jie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Since its outbreak in December 2019 in China, the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has rapidly spread and affected several countries. It has resulted in a difficult situation for cancer patients owing to the risks of the epidemic situation outbreak as well as cancer. Patients with cancer are more likely than the general population to contract COVID-19 because of the systemic immunosuppressive status caused by malignant diseases or anticancer treatment. Lung cancer has the highest morbidity and mortality in China and the world. Most patients with lung cancer are smokers with poor underlying lung conditions and low immunity, thus it is vital to protect them from epidemic diseases during cancer treatment. It is necessary to provide individualized medical treatment and management of treatment-related adverse events for patients with lung cancer based on patients' conditions and regional epidemic patterns.
JO  - Thoracic Cancer
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/1759-7714.13424
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/1759-7714.13424
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preliminary recommendations for lung surgery during COVID-19 epidemic period
AU  - Li, Xin
AU  - Liu, Minghui
AU  - Zhao, Qingchun
AU  - Liu, Renwang
AU  - Zhang, Hongbing
AU  - Dong, Ming
AU  - Xu, Song
AU  - Liu, Jinghao
AU  - Zhao, Honglin
AU  - Wei, Sen
AU  - Song, Zuoqing
AU  - Chen, Gang
AU  - Chen, Jun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Thoracic Cancer
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/1759-7714.13423
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/1759-7714.13423
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Italian society of colorectal surgery recommendations for good clinical practice in colorectal surgery during the novel coronavirus pandemic
AU  - Gallo, G.
AU  - La Torre, M.
AU  - Pietroletti, R.
AU  - Bianco, F.
AU  - Altomare, D. F.
AU  - Pucciarelli, S.
AU  - Gagliardi, G.
AU  - Perinotti, R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Techniques in Coloproctology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-5
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s10151-020-02209-6
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10151-020-02209-6
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - China’s ongoing battle against the coronavirus: a scholar-practitioner's experiences and reflections
AU  - Wang, Yuncai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In this communication essay, I respond to the three questions the journal editor Wei-Ning Xiang asked about my experiences in, and reflections on, the ongoing battle against the coronavirus pandemic in China. At this critical juncture when the people in China are progressing on the battleground, I dedicate the article to all the people fighting against the coronavirus around the world.
JO  - Socio-Ecological Practice Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s42532-020-00047-2
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s42532-020-00047-2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Soccer, World War II and coronavirus: a comparative analysis of how the sport shut down
AU  - Tovar, Jorge
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Soccer & Society
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-9
SP  - 1
EP  - 9
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/14660970.2020.1755270
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/14660970.2020.1755270
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Love in the time of coronavirus: training and service during COVID-19
AU  - Wong, Chen Seong
AU  - Tay, Woo Chiao
AU  - Hap, Xing Fu
AU  - Chia, Faith Li-Ann
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Singapore medical journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.11622/smedj.2020053
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Research Trends: A 50–Year Bibliometric Assessment
AU  - Ram, Shri
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronaviruses (CoVs) are a large family of viruses and are endemic in humans and animals, causing respiratory and intestinal infections. Coronavirus has become a challenge in China region due to its recent outbreak at the start of the year 2020. The current outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID) has resulted in many fatalities and has forced the people of Wuhan Province in China to remain confined in their homes. Two other two forms of CoV were epidemic in 2003 when Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV) spread in Hong Kong and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV) spread in the Middle East region. This bibliometric study is an attempt to trace the trends of research associated with “Coronavirus” for a period of 50 years using the SCOPUS database. The study was carried out using the keyword Coronavirus and analyzed for annual growth, productive countries, institutes, authors, journals, highly cited papers, and research focus using keywords. There were two peaks when a large number of publications appeared. Most of the research publications were from the USA (31.67%), and the University of Hong Kong was the most productive institute. The Journal of Virology has published the most number of articles on CoV.
JO  - Science & Technology Libraries
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-17
SP  - 1
EP  - 17
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/0194262X.2020.1742270
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/0194262X.2020.1742270 https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/0194262X.2020.1742270
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Dos terapias conocidas podrían ser efectivas como adyuvantes en el paciente crítico infectado por COVID-19
AU  - Hernández, A.
AU  - Papadakos, P. J.
AU  - Torres, A.
AU  - González, D. A.
AU  - Vives, M.
AU  - Ferrando, C.
AU  - Baeza, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Resumen La neumonía causada por coronavirus, que se originó en Wuhan, China, a finales de 2019, se ha extendido por todo el mundo convirtiéndose en una pandemia. Desafortunadamente, a día de hoy no existe ninguna vacuna específica para el virus COVID-19, y el tratamiento está siendo de soporte con añadido de antivirales y otros fármacos, sin que hasta la fecha se haya evidenciado un beneficio claro. Muchos de estos pacientes se deterioran rápidamente y requieren ser intubados y ventilados mecánicamente, lo que está provocando el colapso del sistema sanitario en muchos países debido a la falta de ventiladores y de camas de críticos. En este documento revisamos dos terapias adyuvantes sencillas de aplicar, sin efectos deletéreos y de un coste bajo que podrían ser de utilidad para el tratamiento de la infección por coronavirus agudo severo asociado al síndrome respiratorio agudo (SARS-CoV-2). La vitaminaC, un potente antioxidante, se ha convertido en una terapia relevante debido a sus beneficios potenciales cuando se administra por vía intravenosa. El efecto potencial de la vitaminaC en la reducción de la inflamación en los pulmones podría desempeñar un papel clave en la lesión pulmonar causada por la infección por coronavirus. Otra posible terapia eficaz es el ozono. Pese a la controversia que siempre le ha acompañado, se ha estudiado y utilizado ampliamente durante muchos años y su eficacia se ha demostrado en múltiples estudios. Sin embargo, nuestro objetivo no es hacer una revisión exhaustiva de dichas terapias sino difundir sus efectos beneficiosos. Obviamente, los ensayos clínicos son necesarios, pero dado el potencial beneficio de estas terapias, recomendamos incorporarlas al arsenal terapéutico para el tratamiento del SARS-CoV-2. Pneumonia caused by coronavirus, which originated in Wuhan, China, in late 2019, has been spread around the world already becoming a pandemic. Unfortunately, there is not yet a specific vaccine or effective antiviral drug for treating COVID-19. Many of these patients deteriorate rapidly and require intubation and are mechanically ventilated, which is causing the collapse of the health system in many countries due to lack of ventilators and intensive care beds. In this document we review two simple adjuvant therapies to administer, without side effects, and low cost that could be useful for the treatment of acute severe coronavirus infection associated with acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2). VitaminC, a potent antioxidant, has emerged as a relevant therapy due to its potential benefits when administered intravenous. The potential effect of vitaminC in reducing inflammation in the lungs could play a key role in lung injury caused by coronavirus infection. Another potential effective therapy is ozone: it has been extensively studied and used for many years and its effectiveness has been demonstrated so far in multiples studies. Nevertheless, our goal is not to make an exhaustive review of these therapies but spread the beneficial effects themselves. Obviously clinical trials are necessaries, but due to the potential benefit of these two therapies we highly recommended to add to the therapeutic arsenal.
JO  - Revista Española de Anestesiología y Reanimación
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.redar.2020.03.004
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S003493562030075X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Artificial Intelligence and the Radiographer/Radiological Technologist Profession: A joint statement of the International Society of Radiographers and Radiological Technologists and the European Federation of Radiographer Societies
AU  - Technologists, International Society Of Radiographers
AU  - Radiological
AU  - Societies, The European Federation Of Radiographer
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Radiography (London, England : 1995)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 26
IS  - 2
PG  - 93-95
SP  - 93
EP  - 95
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.radi.2020.03.007
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cardiac drugs and outcome in COVID - 19
AU  - Mishra, Ajay Kumar
AU  - Sahu, Kamal Kant
AU  - Sargent, Jennifer
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - QJM: An International Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/qjmed/hcaa127
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/qjmed/advance-article/doi/10.1093/qjmed/hcaa127/5820020
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cardiac drugs and outcome in COVID-19: Reply
AU  - Goldstein, Mark R.
AU  - Poland, Gregory A.
AU  - Graeber, Charles W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - QJM: An International Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/qjmed/hcaa128
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/qjmed/advance-article/doi/10.1093/qjmed/hcaa128/5820019
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - EXPRESS: Could pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) patients be at a lower risk from severe COVID-19?
AU  - Horn, Evelyn
AU  - Chakinala, Murali M.
AU  - Oudiz, Ronald
AU  - Joseloff, Elizabeth
AU  - Rosenzweig, Erika B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Pulmonary Circulation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 2045894020922799-2045894020922799
SP  - 2045894020922799
EP  - 2045894020922799
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/2045894020922799
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1177/2045894020922799
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mental health burden for the public affected by the COVID-19 outbreak in China: Who will be the high-risk group?
AU  - Huang, Yeen
AU  - Zhao, Ning
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December, 2019, an outbreak of respiratory illness caused by Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emerged in Wuhan, China and spread rapidly to other parts of China and around the world. We aimed to identify high-risk groups whose mental health conditions were vulnerable to the COVID-19 outbreak. Data were collected from 7,236 self-selected participants measured by anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, and sleep quality. The overall prevalence of anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, and poor sleep quality were 35.1%, 20.1%, and 18.2%, respectively. People aged < 35 years reported a higher prevalence of anxiety symptoms and depressive symptoms than people aged ≥ 35 years. Healthcare workers have the highest rate of poor sleep compared to other occupations. Healthcare workers/younger people who spent a high level of time (≥ 3 hours/day) had a particular higher prevalence of anxiety symptoms than in those who spent less time (< 1 hours/day and 1-2 hours/day) on the outbreak. During the COVID-19 outbreak, healthcare workers and younger people were at an especially high-risk of displaying psychological impact when they spent too much time thinking about the outbreak. Continuous monitoring of the psychological consequences for high-risk population should become routine as part of targeted interventions during times of crisis.I.
JO  - Psychology, health & medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-12
SP  - 1
EP  - 12
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/13548506.2020.1754438
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Practicing Good Laboratory Hygiene, Even in a Pandemic
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Psychological Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 0956797620920547-0956797620920547
SP  - 0956797620920547
EP  - 0956797620920547
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/0956797620920547
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797620920547
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Geographical Distance to the Epicenter of Covid-19 Predicts the Burnout of the Working Population: Ripple Effect or Typhoon Eye Effect?
AU  - Zhang, Stephen X.
AU  - Huang, Hao
AU  - Wei, Feng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstracts Covid-19 originated in Wuhan and rippled across China. We investigate how the geographical distance of working adults to the epicenter of Wuhan predicts their burnout - emotional, physical and mental exhaustion due to excessive and prolonged stress. Preliminary results of a survey of 308 working adults in 53 cities showed working adults’ distance to the epicenter of Wuhan had an inverted U-shaped relationship with their burnout. Such results help to identify regions where people may need more psychiatric assistance, with direct implications for healthcare practitioners and policymakers.
JO  - Psychiatry Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 112998-112998
SP  - 112998
EP  - 112998
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112998
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165178120307691
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Stressors of nurses in psychiatric hospitals during the COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Wu, Dongmei
AU  - Jiang, Chunyan
AU  - He, Changjiu
AU  - Li, Chao
AU  - Yang, Lei
AU  - Yue, Yuchuan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Psychiatry Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 112956-112956
SP  - 112956
EP  - 112956
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112956
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165178120305783
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Is glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase enzyme deficiency a factor in Coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) infections and deaths?
AU  - Aydemir, Duygu
AU  - Ulusu, Nuriye Nuray
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Pathogens and Global Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/20477724.2020.1751388
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/20477724.2020.1751388
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Navigating the Ethics of COVID-19 in Otolaryngology
AU  - Shuman, Andrew G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 pandemic has dramatically altered how otolaryngologists contemplate and assume their roles in health care delivery. The ethical implications of this pandemic upon our practice are formidable and distinct from other surgical fields. The salient ethical issues of public health stewardship and safety, distributive justice, and nonabandonment are distilled for the practicing otolaryngologist.
JO  - Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 194599820920850-194599820920850
SP  - 194599820920850
EP  - 194599820920850
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/0194599820920850
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Commentary on Safety Precautions for Otologic Surgery during the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Saadi, Robert A.
AU  - Bann, Darrin V.
AU  - Patel, Vijay A.
AU  - Goldenberg, David
AU  - May, Jason
AU  - Isildak, Huseyin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - There are insufficient data regarding the safety of otologic procedures in the setting of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Given the proclivity for respiratory pathogens to involve the middle ear and the significant aerosolization associated with many otologic procedures, safety precautions should follow current recommendations for procedures involving the upper airway. Until preoperative diagnostic testing becomes standardized and readily available, elective cases should be deferred and emergent/urgent cases should be treated as high risk for COVID-19 exposure. Necessary otologic procedures on positive, suspected, or unknown COVID-19 status patients should be performed using enhanced personal protective equipment, including an N95 respirator and eye protection or powered air-purifying respirator (PAPR, preferred), disposable cap, disposable gown, and gloves. Powered instrumentation should be avoided unless absolutely necessary, and if performed, PAPR or sealed eye protection is recommended.
JO  - Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 0194599820919741-0194599820919741
SP  - 0194599820919741
EP  - 0194599820919741
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/0194599820919741
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1177/0194599820919741
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pediatric Otolaryngology Divisional and Institutional Preparatory Response at Seattle Children’s Hospital after COVID-19 Regional Exposure
AU  - Parikh, Sanjay R.
AU  - Bly, Randall A.
AU  - Bonilla-Velez, Juliana
AU  - Dahl, John P.
AU  - Evans, Sean S.
AU  - Horn, David L.
AU  - Johnson, Kaalan E.
AU  - Manning, Scott C.
AU  - Ou, Henry C.
AU  - Pattisapu, Prasanth
AU  - Perkins, Jonathan A.
AU  - Sie, Kathleen C. Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a novel coronavirus resulting in high mortality in the adult population but low mortality in the pediatric population. The role children and adolescents play in COVID-19 transmission is unclear, and it is possible that healthy pediatric patients serve as a reservoir for the virus. This article serves as a summary of a single pediatric institution?s response to COVID-19 with the goal of protecting both patients and health care providers while providing ongoing care to critically ill patients who require urgent interventions. A significant limitation of this commentary is that it reflects a single institution?s joint effort at a moment in time but does not take into consideration future circumstances that could change practice patterns. We still hope dissemination of our overall response at this moment, approximately 8 weeks after our region?s first adult case, may benefit other pediatric institutions preparing for COVID-19.
JO  - Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 0194599820919748-0194599820919748
SP  - 0194599820919748
EP  - 0194599820919748
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/0194599820919748
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1177/0194599820919748
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Otolaryngology Providers Must Be Alert for Patients with Mild and Asymptomatic COVID-19
AU  - Cheng, Xiaoting
AU  - Liu, Jialin
AU  - Li, Ning
AU  - Nisenbaum, Eric
AU  - Sun, Qing
AU  - Chen, Bing
AU  - Casiano, Roy
AU  - Weed, Donald
AU  - Telischi, Fred
AU  - Denneny, James C.
AU  - Liu, Xuezhong
AU  - Shu, Yilai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - More than half of COVID-19 patients are afebrile early in the disease course, yet mildly ill or asymptomatic patients can still spread SARS-CoV-2 with high efficiency. Atypically presenting patients may be seen in noninfectious disease settings such as otolaryngology, which is a specialty prone to occupational exposure. Otolaryngologists have been infected with COVID-19 at higher rates than other specialties in China and other countries. Otolaryngology providers should maintain high clinical suspicion for mild and asymptomatic COVID-19 patients. Protective strategies should be implemented including preappointment screening, triaging, restriction of nonurgent visits and surgeries, telemedicine, and appropriate personal protective equipment use.
JO  - Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 0194599820920649-0194599820920649
SP  - 0194599820920649
EP  - 0194599820920649
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/0194599820920649
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1177/0194599820920649
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Pandemic: What Every Otolaryngologist–Head and Neck Surgeon Needs to Know for Safe Airway Management
AU  - Balakrishnan, Karthik
AU  - Schechtman, Samuel
AU  - Hogikyan, Norman D.
AU  - Teoh, Anthony Y. B.
AU  - McGrath, Brendan
AU  - Brenner, Michael J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has unfolded with remarkable speed, posing unprecedented challenges for health care systems and society. Otolaryngologists have a special role in responding to this crisis by virtue of expertise in airway management. Against the backdrop of nations struggling to contain the virus?s spread and to manage hospital strain, otolaryngologists must partner with anesthesiologists and front-line health care teams to provide expert services in high-risk situations while reducing transmission. Airway management and airway endoscopy, whether awake or sedated, expose operators to infectious aerosols, posing risks to staff. This commentary provides background on the outbreak, highlights critical considerations around mitigating infectious aerosol contact, and outlines best practices for airway-related clinical decision making during the COVID-19 pandemic. What otolaryngologists need to know and what actions are required are considered alongside the implications of increasing demand for tracheostomy. Approaches to managing the airway are presented, emphasizing safety of patients and the health care team.
JO  - Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 0194599820919751-0194599820919751
SP  - 0194599820919751
EP  - 0194599820919751
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/0194599820919751
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1177/0194599820919751
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recommendations for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery During the COVID-19 Pandemic from IFSO
AU  - Yang, Wah
AU  - Wang, Cunchuan
AU  - Shikora, Scott
AU  - Kow, Lilian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Obesity Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11695-020-04578-1
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11695-020-04578-1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Public health concerns and unsubstantiated claims at the intersection of vaping and COVID-19
AU  - Majmundar, Anuja
AU  - Allem, Jon-Patrick
AU  - Cruz, Tess Boley
AU  - Unger, Jennifer B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nicotine & Tobacco Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/ntr/ntaa064
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/ntr/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ntr/ntaa064/5819743
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 outbreak: Current Scenario of Pakistan
AU  - Waris, Abdul
AU  - Khan, Ata Ullah
AU  - Ali, Muhammad
AU  - Ali, Asmat
AU  - Baset, Abdul
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 outbreak was first time experienced in the Wuhan City of China at the end of December 2019. Which spread rapidly in China and then worldwide in 209 countries of America, Europe, Australia and Asia including Pakistan. There are more than fifty thousand mortalities and one million plus people have been affected worldwide, while figure increases rapidly. Different steps have been taken worldwide for the control of COVID-19. Even with less resources Pakistan also taken rigorous measures like designed special hospitals, Laboratories for testing, quarantine facilities, awareness campaign and lock down to control the spread of virus. We highlighted the efforts of government to combat this deadly pneumonia.
JO  - New Microbes and New Infections
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 100681-100681
SP  - 100681
EP  - 100681
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nmni.2020.100681
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2052297520300330
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Not Dying Alone — Modern Compassionate Care in the Covid-19 Pandemic
AU  - Wakam, Glenn K.
AU  - Montgomery, John R.
AU  - Biesterveld, Ben E.
AU  - Brown, Craig S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Not Dying Alone When the wife of a severely ill patient with Covid-19 is told she can’t visit him, her anger quickly gives way to pleading — “What if I only spent 5 minutes and left?” How can we ha...
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - NEJMp2007781-NEJMp2007781
SP  - NEJMp2007781
EP  - NEJMp2007781
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMp2007781
UR  - http://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMp2007781
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Stability and Viability of SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Schwartz, Kevin L.
AU  - Kim, JinHee
AU  - Garber, Gary
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The New England journal of medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 382
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMc2007942
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Stability and Viability of SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Rubens, Jessica H.
AU  - Karakousis, Petros C.
AU  - Jain, Sanjay K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The New England journal of medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 382
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMc2007942
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mental Health and the Covid-19 Pandemic
AU  - Pfefferbaum, Betty
AU  - North, Carol S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The New England journal of medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMp2008017
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Stability and Viability of SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Petti, Stefano
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The New England journal of medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 382
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMc2007942
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Stability and Viability of SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Lesho, Emil
AU  - Laguio-Vila, Maryrose
AU  - Walsh, Edward
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The New England journal of medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 382
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMc2007942
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Stability and Viability of SARS-CoV-2. Reply
AU  - Judson, Seth D.
AU  - van Doremalen, Neeltje
AU  - Munster, Vincent J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The New England journal of medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 382
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMc2007942
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Stability and Viability of SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Helmers, Andrew
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The New England journal of medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 382
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMc2007942
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Spread of SARS-CoV-2 in the Icelandic Population
AU  - Gudbjartsson, Daniel F.
AU  - Helgason, Agnar
AU  - Jonsson, Hakon
AU  - Magnusson, Olafur T.
AU  - Melsted, Pall
AU  - Norddahl, Gudmundur L.
AU  - Saemundsdottir, Jona
AU  - Sigurdsson, Asgeir
AU  - Sulem, Patrick
AU  - Agustsdottir, Arna B.
AU  - Eiriksdottir, Berglind
AU  - Fridriksdottir, Run
AU  - Gardarsdottir, Elisabet E.
AU  - Georgsson, Gudmundur
AU  - Gretarsdottir, Olafia S.
AU  - Gudmundsson, Kjartan R.
AU  - Gunnarsdottir, Thora R.
AU  - Gylfason, Arnaldur
AU  - Holm, Hilma
AU  - Jensson, Brynjar O.
AU  - Jonasdottir, Aslaug
AU  - Jonsson, Frosti
AU  - Josefsdottir, Kamilla S.
AU  - Kristjansson, Thordur
AU  - Magnusdottir, Droplaug N.
AU  - le Roux, Louise
AU  - Sigmundsdottir, Gudrun
AU  - Sveinbjornsson, Gardar
AU  - Sveinsdottir, Kristin E.
AU  - Sveinsdottir, Maney
AU  - Thorarensen, Emil A.
AU  - Thorbjornsson, Bjarni
AU  - Löve, Arthur
AU  - Masson, Gisli
AU  - Jonsdottir, Ingileif
AU  - Möller, Alma D.
AU  - Gudnason, Thorolfur
AU  - Kristinsson, Karl G.
AU  - Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur
AU  - Stefansson, Kari
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Background During the current worldwide pandemic, coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) was first diagnosed in Iceland at the end of February. However, data are limited on how SARS-CoV-2, th...
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - NEJMoa2006100-NEJMoa2006100
SP  - NEJMoa2006100
EP  - NEJMoa2006100
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMoa2006100
UR  - http://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMoa2006100
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Acute neurology during the COVID-19 pandemic: Supporting the front line
AU  - Majersik, Jennifer J.
AU  - Reddy, Vivek K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Neurologists are affected by the COVID-19 pandemic in several key ways, including: a reduced ability to admit and accept in transfer critically ill neurologic patients due to census overflow; personal risk of exposure to COVID-19; and potentially redeployment of the acute neurologist workforce towards general medicine to assist our colleagues managing the surge of medical patients. As providers of inpatient and emergency-based acute neurologic care, we have been attempting to locally prepare for and manage the COVID-19 pandemic by focusing on 3 key areas: creating an integrated preparation plan that supports hospital measures; building an optimized, flexible, and redundant workforce; and maintaining a high level of neurologic care in our hospital and across our region despite limited transfer capabilities during the pandemic. This final concern is of key relevance in our region where our tertiary hospital supports numerous smaller community hospitals, typically by providing an open door to patient transfers. These hospitals are often in rural or frontier regions and are also affected by COVID-19, so not only are beginning to experience their own bed and clinician shortages,(1) but are understandably nervous about what the pandemic means for the availability of traditional support systems for other non-COVID-related diseases.
JO  - Neurology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1212/WNL.0000000000009564
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and neuromuscular disorders
AU  - Guidon, Amanda C.
AU  - Amato, Anthony A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) pandemic has potential to disproportionately and severely affect patients with neuromuscular (NM) disorders. In a short period of time, it has already caused reorganization of neuromuscular clinical care delivery and education, which will likely have lasting impact on the field. This paper reviews 1) potential NM complications of COVID-19, 2) assessment and mitigation of COVID-19-related risk for patients with pre-existing NM disease, 3) guidance for management of immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory therapies, 4) practical guidance regarding NM care delivery, telemedicine and education, and 5) impact on neuromuscular research. We outline key unanswered clinical questions and highlight the need for team-based and inter-specialty collaboration. Primary goals of clinical research during this time are to develop evidence-based best practices and to minimize morbidity and mortality related to COVID-19 for patients with neuromuscular disorders.
JO  - Neurology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1212/WNL.0000000000009566
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronaviruses hijack the complement system
AU  - Wilk, C. Matthias
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature reviews. Immunology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41577-020-0314-5
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Human antibodies can neutralize SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Catalan-Dibene, Jovani
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature reviews. Immunology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41577-020-0313-6
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Schattenseiten der Globalisierung
AU  - Ziegler, Marc
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - MTZ - Motortechnische Zeitschrift
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 81
IS  - 5
PG  - 3-3
SP  - 3
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s35146-020-0239-3
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s35146-020-0239-3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Extreme genomic CpG deficiency in SARS-CoV-2 and evasion of host antiviral defense
AU  - Xia, Xuhua
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>Wild mammalian species, including bats, constitute the natural reservoir of Betacoronavirus (including SARS, MERS, and the deadly SARS-CoV-2). Different hosts or host tissues provide different cellular environments, especially different antiviral and RNA modification activities that can alter RNA modification signatures observed in the viral RNA genome. The zinc finger antiviral protein (ZAP) binds specifically to CpG dinucleotides and recruits other proteins to degrade a variety of viral RNA genomes. Many mammalian RNA viruses have evolved CpG deficiency. Increasing CpG dinucleotides in these low-CpG viral genomes in the presence of ZAP consistently leads to decreased viral replication and virulence. Because ZAP exhibits tissue-specific expression, viruses infecting different tissues are expected to have different CpG signatures, suggesting a means to identify viral tissue-switching events. I show that SARS-CoV-2 has the most extreme CpG deficiency in all known Betacoronavirus genomes. This suggests that SARS-CoV-2 may have evolved in a new host (or new host tissue) with high ZAP expression. A survey of CpG deficiency in viral genomes identified a virulent canine coronavirus (Alphacoronavirus) as possessing the most extreme CpG deficiency, comparable to that observed in SARS-CoV-2. This suggests that the canine tissue infected by the canine coronavirus may provide a cellular environment strongly selecting against CpG. Thus, viral surveys focused on decreasing CpG in viral RNA genomes may provide important clues about the selective environments and viral defenses in the original hosts.</p>
JO  - Molecular Biology and Evolution
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/molbev/msaa094
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/mbe/advance-article/doi/10.1093/molbev/msaa094/5819559
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Comparative computational analysis of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein epitopes in taxonomically related coronaviruses
AU  - Tilocca, Bruno
AU  - Soggiu, Alessio
AU  - Sanguinetti, Maurizio
AU  - Musella, Vincenzo
AU  - Britti, Domenico
AU  - Bonizzi, Luigi
AU  - Urbani, Andrea
AU  - Roncada, Paola
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Several research lines are currently ongoing to address the multitude of facets of the pandemic COVID-19. In line with the One-Health concept, extending the target of the studies to the animals which humans are continuously interacting with may favor a better understanding of the SARS-CoV-2 biology and pathogenetic mechanisms; thus, helping to adopt the most suitable containment measures. The last two decades have already faced severe manifestations of the coronavirus infection in both humans and animals, thus, circulating epitopes from previous outbreaks might confer partial protection from SARS-CoV-2 infections. In the present study, we provide an in-silico survey of the major nucleocapsid protein epitopes and compare them with the homologues of taxonomically-related coronaviruses with tropism for animal species that are closely inter-related with the human beings population all over the world. Protein sequence alignment provides evidence of high sequence homology for some of the investigated proteins. Moreover, structural epitope mapping by homology modelling revealed a potential immunogenic value also for specific sequences scoring a lower identity with SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid proteins. These evidence provide a molecular structural rationale for a potential role in conferring protection from SARS-CoV-2 infection and identifying potential candidates for the development of diagnostic tools and prophylactic-oriented strategies.
JO  - Microbes and Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micinf.2020.04.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1286457920300538
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - German recommendations for critically ill patients with COVID‑19
AU  - Kluge, Stefan
AU  - Janssens, Uwe
AU  - Welte, Tobias
AU  - Weber-Carstens, Steffen
AU  - Marx, Gernot
AU  - Karagiannidis, Christian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, a novel coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome—coronavirus 2, SARS-CoV-2) has rapidly spread around the world resulting in an acute respiratory illness pandemic. The majority of patients presents with mild symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, about 5% become critically ill and require intensive care treatment. Acute hypoxemic failure with severe dyspnea and an increased respiratory rate (>30/min) usually leads to ICU admission. At that point, bilateral pulmonary infiltrates are typically seen. Patients often develop a severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). To date there is no specific treatment available—the main goal of supportive therapy is to ascertain adequate oxygenation. Early intubation and repeated prone positioning are key elements in treating hypoxemic COVID-19 patients. Strict adherence to basic infection control measures (including hand hygiene) and use of personal protection equipment (PPE) are essential in the care of patients. Procedures that lead to formation of aerosols should be avoided where possible and carried out with utmost precaution.
JO  - Medizinische Klinik - Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00063-020-00689-w
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00063-020-00689-w
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Public Health Interventions to Mitigate Early Spread of SARS-CoV-2 in Poland
AU  - Pinkas, Jarosław
AU  - Jankowski, Mateusz
AU  - Szumowski, Łukasz
AU  - Lusawa, Aleksandra
AU  - Zgliczyński, Wojciech S.
AU  - Raciborski, Filip
AU  - Wierzba, Waldemar
AU  - Gujski, Mariusz
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This study aimed (1) to present public health interventions to mitigate the early spread of SARS-CoV-2 implemented in Poland between January 9 and March 29, 2020, and (2) to analyze the potential impact of these regulations on the early phase of the COVID-19 outbreak in Poland. All legal regulations published in the Journal of Laws between January 9 and March 29, 2020, were analyzed. Out of 406 legal regulations identified, 56 were related to the COVID-19 outbreak. Moreover, the official announcements published on the governmental websites dedicated to the coronavirus and health issues were analyzed. On March 4, Poland reported the first laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 case. On March 9, Poland introduced border sanitary control. Six days after the first laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 case, all mass events in Poland were banned. All schools and universities were closed 8 days after the first COVID-19 case. All gastronomic facilities and sport and entertainment services were limited starting on March 14. Eleven days after the first COVID-19 case, controls at all Polish borders were introduced, and a ban on entry into Poland by foreigners (with some exemptions) was implemented. Starting on March 15, all citizens returning from abroad had to undergo compulsory 14 days self-quarantine. On March 20, a state of epidemic was announced, which resulted in new social distancing measures starting on March 25. In Poland, compared to other European countries, far-reaching solutions were implemented relatively early to reduce the spread of infection.
JO  - Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 26
IS  - 
PG  - e924730-e924730
SP  - e924730
EP  - e924730
AN  - 
DO  - 10.12659/MSM.924730
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: The forgotten priorities of the pandemic
AU  - Mesa Vieira, Cristina
AU  - Franco, Oscar H.
AU  - Gómez Restrepo, Carlos
AU  - Abel, Thomas
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The zoonotic virus now named SARS-CoV-2 first infected humans in China, and COVID-19 has rapidly become pandemic. To mitigate its impact on societies, health systems and economies, countries have adopted non-pharmacological preventive practices such as ‘spatial’ or ‘social’ distancing, the use of protective masks, and handwashing; these have been widely implemented. However, measures aimed at protecting physical health and healthcare systems have side-effects that might have a big impact on individuals’ wellbeing. As the pandemic reaches low- and middle-income countries, weaker health systems, limited resources and the lower socioeconomic status of their populations make halting the pandemic more challenging. In this article, we explore the impact of COVID-19 and its prevention measures on the wellbeing of vulnerable populations. Special attention must be given to homeless, indigenous, migrant and imprisoned populations, as well as people living with disabilities and the elderly. More than just resolute governmental action will be required to overcome the pandemic. Links between science and political actions have to be strengthened. Fighting COVID-19 is a collective endeavour and community action, on a global scale, is of paramount importance.
JO  - Maturitas
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.maturitas.2020.04.004
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378512220302346
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Why tocilizumab could be an effective treatment for severe COVID-19?
AU  - Fu, Binqing
AU  - Xu, Xiaoling
AU  - Wei, Haiming
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A severe pneumonia-associated respiratory syndrome caused by a new coronavirus was identified in December 2019 (COVID-19), spread rapidly and has become a world-wide public health challenge. About 25% of COVID-19 patients experienced severe complications including acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and even progressed into an intensive care unit (ICU) admission and died. The exploration for the mortality causes and advancing novel therapeutic development of severe COVID-19 is crucial at the moment. The biopsy samples analysis at autopsy suggested that increased alveolar exudate caused by aberrant host immune response and inflammatory cytokine storm probably impedes alveolar gas exchange and contributes to the high mortality of severe COVID-19 patients. Our research has identified that pathogenic T cells and inflammatory monocytes incite inflammatory storm with large amount of interleukin 6, therefore monoclonal antibody that targets the IL-6 pathways may potentially curb inflammatory storm. Moreover, Tocilizumab treatment that blocking IL-6 receptors showed inspiring clinical results including temperature returned to normal quickly and respiratory function improved. Therefore, we suggest that Tocilizumab is an effective treatment in severe patients of COVID-19 to calm the inflammatory storm and reduce mortality.
JO  - Journal of Translational Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 18
IS  - 1
PG  - 164-164
SP  - 164
EP  - 164
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s12967-020-02339-3
UR  - https://translational-medicine.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12967-020-02339-3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Anti-IL6R role in treatment of COVID-19-related ARDS
AU  - Buonaguro, Franco Maria
AU  - Puzanov, Igor
AU  - Ascierto, Paolo Antonio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Translational Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 18
IS  - 1
PG  - 165-165
SP  - 165
EP  - 165
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s12967-020-02333-9
UR  - https://translational-medicine.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12967-020-02333-9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19 and Post Intensive Care Syndrome: A Call for Action
AU  - Stam, Henk J.
AU  - Stucki, Gerold
AU  - Bickenbach, Jerome
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Although we are currently overwhelmed by the astonishing speed of infection of the Covid-19 pandemic, and the daily onslaught of new, and ever-worsening predictions, it is vital that we begin to prepare for the aftershocks of the pandemic. Prominent among this will be the cohort of post-intensive case survivors who have been mechanically ventilated and will like experience short- and medium-term consequences of the experience. The notion that patients surviving intensive care and mechanical ventilation for several weeks can be discharged home without further medical attention is a dangerous illusion. Post Intensive Care Syndrome and other severe conditions will require not only adequate screening but early rehabilitation and other interventions. Action must be taken now to prepare for this inevitable shock to the healthcare system.
JO  - Journal of rehabilitation medicine
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2340/16501977-2677
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Rehabilitation of COVID-19 patients
AU  - Brugliera, Luigia
AU  - Spina, Alfio
AU  - Castellazzi, Paola
AU  - Cimino, Paolo
AU  - Tettamanti, Andrea
AU  - Houdayer, Elise
AU  - Arcuri, Pietro
AU  - Alemanno, Federica
AU  - Mortini, Pietro
AU  - Iannaccone, Sandro
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of rehabilitation medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2340/16501977-2678
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid - 19 and Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine
AU  - Borg, Kristian
AU  - Stam, Henk
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of rehabilitation medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2340/16501977-2679
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and pediatric endoscopic surgery
AU  - Saxena, Amulya K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Pediatric Endoscopic Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s42804-020-00054-w
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s42804-020-00054-w
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Behind This Face Shield, I See You
AU  - Bogetz, Jori F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Palliative Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - jpm.2020.0187-jpm.2020.0187
SP  - jpm.2020.0187
EP  - jpm.2020.0187
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1089/jpm.2020.0187
UR  - https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/jpm.2020.0187
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Detection of SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR in anal from patients who have recovered from coronavirus disease 2019
AU  - Liu, Juan
AU  - Xiao, Yong
AU  - Shen, Yuan
AU  - Shi, Chao
AU  - Chen, Yujun
AU  - Shi, Ping
AU  - Gao, Yumeng
AU  - Wang, Yiqing
AU  - Lu, Bin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - An outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), started in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China. The real-time reverse- transcriptase polymerase - chain - reaction (RT - PCR) method can be used for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in oral swabs(1) . Now, results have confirmed the presence of the live virus in stool samples from patients with COVID- 19(2) . This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25875
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Defining Protective Epitopes for COVID-19 Vaccination Models
AU  - Cimolai, Nevio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Recent papers in the Journal provide tangible avenues for COVID-19 vaccine production as immunoreactive epitopes are brought to the forefront in these and many other emerging studies.(1,2) The development of a consistent predictable animal model of COVID-19 infection is evidently also a welcome event for preliminary antiviral and vaccine assessments and surely brings us to another level of progression.(3) This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25876
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Computed Tomography Imaging of an HIV-infected Patient with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
AU  - Chen, Jiaxiang
AU  - Cheng, Xinge
AU  - Wang, Rongpin
AU  - Zeng, Xianchun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, an outbreak of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) occurred in Wuhan, China. Since then, this disease has infected more than 900,000 individuals worldwide. Here we report a case of non-severe COVID-19 pneumonia who was living with HIV. Chest computed tomography (CT) showed different abnormalities from those of conventional COVID-19, and the faster absorption of pulmonary lesions also highlights the importance of antiretroviral therapy in this patient. This report provides reference for the diagnosis and treatment of HIV-infected patients with COVID-19. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25879
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Internet Hospitals Help Prevent and Control the Epidemic of COVID-19 in China: Multicenter User Profiling Study
AU  - Gong, Kai
AU  - Xu, Zhong
AU  - Cai, Zhefeng
AU  - Chen, Yuxiu
AU  - Wang, Zhanxiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: During the spread of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), internet hospitals in China were engaged with epidemic prevention and control, offering epidemic-related online services and medical support to the public. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to explore the role of internet hospitals during the prevention and control of the COVID-19 outbreak in China. METHODS: Online epidemic-related consultations from multicenter internet hospitals in China during the COVID-19 epidemic were collected. The counselees were described and classified into seven type groups. Symptoms were recorded and compared with reported patients with COVID-19. Hypochondriacal suspicion and offline visit motivation were detected within each counselees' group to evaluate the social panic of the epidemic along with the consequent medical-seeking behaviors. The counselees' motivation and the doctors' recommendation for an offline visit were compared. Risk factors affecting the counselees' tendency of hypochondriacal suspicion and offline visit motivation were explored by logistic regression models. The epidemic prevention and control measures based on internet hospitals were listed, and the corresponding effects were discussed. RESULTS: A total of 4913 consultations were enrolled for analysis with the median age of the counselees at 28 years (IQR 22-33 years). There were 104 (2.12%) healthy counselees, 147 (2.99%) hypochondriacal counselees, 34 (0.69%) exposed counselees, 853 (17.36%) mildly suspicious counselees, 42 (0.85%) moderately suspicious counselees, 3550 (72.26%) highly suspicious counselees, and 183 (3.72%) severely suspicious counselees. A total of 94.20% (n=4628) of counselees had epidemic-related symptoms with a distribution similar to those of COVID-19. The hypochondriacal suspicion (n=2167, 44.11%) was common. The counselees' motivation and the doctors' recommendation for offline visits were inconsistent (P<.001) with a Cohen kappa score of 0.039, indicating improper medical-seeking behaviors. Adult counselees (odds ratio [OR]=1.816, P<.001) with epidemiological exposure (OR 7.568, P<.001), shortness of breath (OR 1.440, P=.001), diarrhea (OR 1.272, P=.04), and unrelated symptoms (OR 1.509, P<.001) were more likely to have hypochondriacal suspicion. Counselees with severe illnesses (OR 2.303, P<.001), fever (OR 1.660, P<.001), epidemiological exposure history (OR 1.440, P=.01), and hypochondriacal suspicion (OR 4.826, P<.001) were more likely to attempt an offline visit. Reattending counselees (OR 0.545, P=.002) were less motivated to go to the offline clinic. CONCLUSIONS: Internet hospitals can serve different types of epidemic counselees, offer essential medical supports to the public during the COVID-19 outbreak, reduce the social panic, promote social distancing, enhance the public's ability of self-protection, correct improper medical-seeking behaviors, reduce the chance of nosocomial cross-infection, and facilitate epidemiological screening, thus, playing an important role on preventing and controlling COVID-19.
JO  - Journal of medical Internet research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 22
IS  - 4
PG  - e18908-e18908
SP  - e18908
EP  - e18908
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2196/18908
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical presentation and initial management critically ill patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in Brescia, Italy
AU  - Piva, Simone
AU  - Filippini, Matteo
AU  - Turla, Fabio
AU  - Catteneo, Sergio
AU  - Margola, Alessio
AU  - De Fulviis, Silvia
AU  - Nardiello, Ida
AU  - Beretta, Silvia
AU  - Ferrari, Laura
AU  - Trotta, Raffaella
AU  - Erbici, Gloria
AU  - Focà, Emanuele
AU  - Castelli, Francesco
AU  - Rasulo, Frank
AU  - Lanspa, Michael J.
AU  - Latronico, Nicola
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Purpose An ongoing pandemic of COVID-19 that started in Hubei, China has resulted in massive strain on the healthcare infrastructure in Lombardy, Italy. The management of these patients is still evolving. Materials and methods This is a single-center observational cohort study of critically ill patients infected with COVID-19. Bedside clinicians abstracted daily patient data on history, treatment, and short-term course. We describe management and a proposed severity scale for treatment used in this hospital. Results 44 patients were enrolled; with incomplete information on 11. Of the 33 studied patients, 91% were male, median age 64; 88% were overweight or obese. 45% were hypertensive, 12% had been taking an ACE-inhibitor. Noninvasive ventilation was performed on 39% of patients for part or all or their ICU stay with no provider infection. Most patient received antibiotics for pneumonia. Patients also received lopinivir/ritonavir (82%), hydroxychloroquine (79%), and tocilizumab (12%) according to this treatment algorithm. Nine of 10 patients survived their ICU course and were transferred to the floor, with one dying in the ICU. Conclusions ICU patients with COVID-19 frequently have hypertension. Many could be managed with noninvasive ventilation, despite the risk of aerosolization. The use of a severity scale augmented clinician management.
JO  - Journal of Critical Care
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrc.2020.04.004
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0883944120305475
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Public governance mechanism in the prevention and control of the COVID-19: information, decision-making and execution
AU  - Gao, Xiang
AU  - Yu, Jianxing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In China, sub-provincial governments are responsible for managing public health emergencies. In the context of coordinating multiple stakeholders, the role of the local government can be defined as ‘meta-governance’. It shall provide rules to facilitate collective action and co-produce quality public services. However, the case of Wuhan suggests that some local governments still rely on the traditional administrative system, which hampers them in terms of issuing a sufficient response to the COVID-19 outbreak. Three measures can be taken to facilitate a public governance mechanism in public health emergency management. First, local governments can use the ICTs to create a more transparent information mechanism. The free flow of information could alert all stakeholders to potential emergencies, while the open government data form the base for cross-border collaboration. Second, a more comprehensive Public Health Emergency Preparedness is constructive for local governments in making quality and immediate decisions. This preparedness shall clearly define the responsibility of the involved agencies based on a careful evaluation of their qualification and capability. Third, the local government shall note that good governance requires more than an executive capacity based on command-and-control. It is necessary to develop the ability to work with stakeholders outside the bureaucratic system.
JO  - Journal of Chinese Governance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-20
SP  - 1
EP  - 20
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/23812346.2020.1744922
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/23812346.2020.1744922
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Remdesivir is a direct-acting antiviral that inhibits RNA-dependent RNA polymerase from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 with high potency
AU  - Gordon, Calvin J.
AU  - Tchesnokov, Egor P.
AU  - Woolner, Emma
AU  - Perry, Jason K.
AU  - Feng, Joy Y.
AU  - Porter, Danielle P.
AU  - Gotte, Matthias
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Effective treatments for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are urgently needed to control this current pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Replication of SARS-CoV-2 depends on the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), which is the likely target of the investigational nucleotide analogue remdesivir (RDV). RDV shows broad-spectrum antiviral activity against RNA viruses, and previous studies with RdRps from Ebola virus (EBOV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) have revealed that delayed chain-termination is RDV's plausible mechanism of action. Here, we expressed and purified active SARS-CoV-2 RdRp composed of the non-structural proteins nsp8 and nsp12. Enzyme kinetics indicated that this RdRp efficiently incorporates the active triphosphate form of RDV (RDV-TP) into RNA. Incorporation of RDV-TP at position i caused termination of RNA synthesis at position i+3. We obtained almost identical results with SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2 RdRps. A unique property of RDV-TP is its high selectivity over incorporation of its natural nucleotide counterpart ATP. In this regard, the triphosphate forms of 2'-C-methylated compounds, including sofosbuvir, approved for the management of hepatitis C virus infection, and the broad-acting antivirals favipiravir and ribavirin, exhibited significant deficits. Furthermore, we provide evidence for the target specificity of RDV, as RDV-TP was less efficiently incorporated by the distantly related Lassa virus RdRp, and termination of RNA synthesis was not observed. These results collectively provide a unifying, refined mechanism of RDV-mediated RNA synthesis inhibition in coronaviruses and define this nucleotide analogue as a direct-acting antiviral (DAA).
JO  - The Journal of biological chemistry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1074/jbc.RA120.013679
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Mobile Health Platform to Disseminate Validated Institutional Measurements During the COVID-19 Outbreak: Utilization-Focused Evaluation Study
AU  - Zamberg, Ido
AU  - Manzano, Sergio
AU  - Posfay-Barbe, Klara
AU  - Windisch, Olivier
AU  - Agoritsas, Thomas
AU  - Schiffer, Eduardo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: As part of the response plans for the current outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), authorities are drafting and implementing containment measures across jurisdictions worldwide in the effort to slow down transmission and reduce the infection rate. A solid communication strategy is needed to increase the reach of valid information to health professionals, reduce misinformation, and efficiently implement recommended measures. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this paper is to describe the utilization of a dedicated mobile health (mHealth) platform to disseminate up-to-date and validated information about SARS-CoV-2 to all medical staff of the Children's Hospital at the University Hospitals of Geneva. METHODS: Three documents containing institutional information concerning screening, local containment procedures, and frequently asked questions and answers for parents were made available to the staff through a mobile app developed in the University of Geneva, Switzerland. Using a third-party statistics tool, we anonymously monitored user activity as well as content utilization patterns since the diagnosis of the first case of SARS-CoV-2 in Switzerland on February 25, 2020. RESULTS: From February 25, 2020, to March 13, 2020 (18 days), information documents on SARS-CoV-2 were viewed 859 times, which accounted for 35.6% of the total content views (total views=332). User activity increased significantly with 50.8 (SD 14.4) users per day in this period as compared to the previous weeks (mean 26.4, SD 9.8; P<.001). In addition, session numbers per day more than doubled during the aforementioned period (P<.001). In a survey, medical staff found the information easy to find within the app. On a 10-point Likert scale, the ability of the app to reassure staff in clinical practice was rated as 7.6 (SD 2.1), time-saving ability was rated as 8.5 (SD 2.1), and the need to look for information from other sources was rated as 5.9 (SD 3.3). CONCLUSIONS: The use of an mHealth solution to disseminate novel coronavirus-related information seemed to be an effective and time-saving communication channel within our institution during the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak. Medical staff felt reassured and informed in daily practice. More research should be done on the clinical impact and outcomes of the integration of mHealth solutions as a communication channel of validated information within health institutions.
JO  - JMIR public health and surveillance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 6
IS  - 2
PG  - e18668-e18668
SP  - e18668
EP  - e18668
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2196/18668
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Predicting COVID-19 Incidence Through Analysis of Google Trends Data in Iran: Data Mining and Deep Learning Pilot Study
AU  - Ayyoubzadeh, Seyed Mohammad
AU  - Ayyoubzadeh, Seyed Mehdi
AU  - Zahedi, Hoda
AU  - Ahmadi, Mahnaz
AU  - R Niakan Kalhori, Sharareh
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: The recent global outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is affecting many countries worldwide. Iran is one of the top 10 most affected countries. Search engines provide useful data from populations, and these data might be useful to analyze epidemics. Utilizing data mining methods on electronic resources' data might provide a better insight into the COVID-19 outbreak to manage the health crisis in each country and worldwide. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to predict the incidence of COVID-19 in Iran. METHODS: Data were obtained from the Google Trends website. Linear regression and long short-term memory (LSTM) models were used to estimate the number of positive COVID-19 cases. All models were evaluated using 10-fold cross-validation, and root mean square error (RMSE) was used as the performance metric. RESULTS: The linear regression model predicted the incidence with an RMSE of 7.562 (SD 6.492). The most effective factors besides previous day incidence included the search frequency of handwashing, hand sanitizer, and antiseptic topics. The RMSE of the LSTM model was 27.187 (SD 20.705). CONCLUSIONS: Data mining algorithms can be employed to predict trends of outbreaks. This prediction might support policymakers and health care managers to plan and allocate health care resources accordingly.
JO  - JMIR public health and surveillance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 6
IS  - 2
PG  - e18828-e18828
SP  - e18828
EP  - e18828
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2196/18828
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Blueprint for Restructuring a Department of Surgery in Concert With the Health Care System During a Pandemic: The University of Wisconsin Experience
AU  - Zarzaur, Ben L.
AU  - Stahl, Christopher C.
AU  - Greenberg, Jacob A.
AU  - Savage, Stephanie A.
AU  - Minter, Rebecca M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The current health care environment is complex. Systems often cross US state boundaries to provide care to patients with a wide variety of medical needs. The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic is challenging health care systems across the globe. Systems face varying levels of complexity as they adapt to the new reality. This pandemic continues to escalate in hot spots nationally and internationally, and the worst strain on health care systems may be yet to come. The purpose of this article is to provide a road map developed from lessons learned from the experience in the Department of Surgery at the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health and University of Wisconsin Health, based on past experience with incident command structures in military combat operations and Federal Emergency Management Agency responses. We will discuss administrative restructuring leveraging a team-of-teams approach, provide a framework for deploying the workforce needed to deliver all necessary urgent health care and critical care to patients in the system, and consider implications for the future.
JO  - JAMA surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jamasurg.2020.1386
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cultivating Deliberate Resilience During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic
AU  - Rosenberg, Abby R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA pediatrics
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.1436
UR  - 
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and Mental Health for Children and Adolescents
AU  - Golberstein, Ezra
AU  - Wen, Hefei
AU  - Miller, Benjamin F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA pediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.1456
UR  - 
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Incorporating Test Characteristics Into SARS-CoV-2 Testing Policy—Sense and Sensitivity
AU  - Marcotte, Leah M.
AU  - Liao, Joshua M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA Health Forum
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 1
IS  - 4
PG  - e200448-e200448
SP  - e200448
EP  - e200448
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/JAMAHEALTHFORUM.2020.0448
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Letter to the Editor on “World Health Organization declares Global Emergency: A review of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19)” (Int J Surg 2020;76:71-6)
AU  - Cheng, Shuliang Oliver
AU  - Khan, Shehryar
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International Journal of Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.04.011
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1743919120303046
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Practice recommendations for risk-adapted head and neck cancer radiotherapy during the COVID-19 pandemic: an ASTRO-ESTRO consensus statement
AU  - Thomson, David J.
AU  - Palma, David
AU  - Guckenberger, Matthias
AU  - Balermpas, Panagiotis
AU  - Beitler, Jonathan J.
AU  - Blanchard, Pierre
AU  - Brizel, David
AU  - Budach, Wilfred
AU  - Caudell, Jimmy
AU  - Corry, June
AU  - Corvo, Renzo
AU  - Evans, Mererid
AU  - Garden, Adam S.
AU  - Giralt, Jordi
AU  - Gregoire, Vincent
AU  - Harari, Paul M.
AU  - Harrington, Kevin
AU  - Hitchcock, Ying J.
AU  - Johansen, Jorgen
AU  - Kaanders, Johannes
AU  - Koyfman, Shlomo
AU  - Langendijk, J. A.
AU  - Le, Quynh-Thu
AU  - Lee, Nancy
AU  - Margalit, Danielle
AU  - Mierzwa, Michelle
AU  - Porceddu, Sandro
AU  - Soong, Yoke Lim
AU  - Sun, Ying
AU  - Thariat, Juliette
AU  - Waldron, John
AU  - Yom, Sue S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Introduction Due to the unprecedented disruption of health care services by the COVID-19 pandemic, the American Society of Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) and the European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology (ESTRO) identified an urgent need to issue practice recommendations for radiation oncologists treating head and neck cancer (HNC), in a time of heightened risk for patients and staff, and of limited resources. Methods A panel of international experts from ASTRO, ESTRO and select Asia-Pacific countries completed a modified rapid Delphi process. Questions and topics were presented to the group, and subsequent questions developed from iterative feedback. Each survey was open online for 24 hours, and successive rounds started within 24 hours of the previous round. The chosen cutoffs for strong agreement (≥80%) and agreement (≥66%) were extrapolated from the RAND methodology. Two pandemic scenarios: early (risk mitigation) and late (severely reduced radiotherapy resources) were evaluated. The panel developed treatment recommendations for five HNC cases. Results In total, 29/31 (94%) of those invited accepted, and after a replacement 30/30 completed all three surveys (100% response rate). There was agreement or strong agreement across a number of practice areas including: treatment prioritisation, whether to delay initiation or interrupt radiotherapy for intercurrent SARS-CoV-2 infection, approaches to treatment (radiation dose-fractionation schedules and use of chemotherapy in each pandemic scenario), management of surgical cases in event of operating room closures, and recommended adjustments to outpatient clinic appointments and supportive care. Conclusions This urgent practice recommendation was issued in the knowledge of the very difficult circumstances in which our patients find themselves at present, navigating strained health care systems functioning with limited resources and at heightened risk to their health during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this consensus statement is to ensure high-quality HNC treatments continue, to save lives and for symptomatic benefit.
JO  - International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.04.016
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360301620310348
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How sexual medicine is facing the outbreak of COVID-19: experience of Italian urological community and future perspectives
AU  - Cocci, Andrea
AU  - Presicce, Fabrizio
AU  - Russo, Giorgio I.
AU  - Cacciamani, Giovanni
AU  - Cimino, Sebastiano
AU  - Minervini, Andrea
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International journal of impotence research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41443-020-0270-4
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Diseases (COVID-19) Current Status and Future Perspectives: A Narrative Review
AU  - Gennaro, Francesco Di
AU  - Pizzol, Damiano
AU  - Marotta, Claudia
AU  - Antunes, Mario
AU  - Racalbuto, Vincenzo
AU  - Veronese, Nicola
AU  - Smith, Lee
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - At the end of 2019 a novel virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), causing severe acute respiratory syndrome expanded globally from Wuhan, China. In March 2020 the World Health Organization declared the SARS-Cov-2 virus a global pandemic. We performed a narrative review to describe existing literature with regard to Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, management and future perspective. MEDLINE, EMBASE and Scopus databases were searched for relevant articles. Although only when the pandemic ends it will be possible to assess the full health, social and economic impact of this global disaster, this review represents a picture of the current state of the art. In particular, we focus on public health impact, pathophysiology and clinical manifestations, diagnosis, case management, emergency response and preparedness.
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, Vol. 17, Page 2690
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 17
IS  - 8
PG  - 2690-2690
SP  - 2690
EP  - 2690
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/IJERPH17082690
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and Indian Pediatrics
AU  - Mishra, Devendra
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Indian pediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 57
IS  - 4
PG  - 287-287
SP  - 287
EP  - 287
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Roles and Responsibilities of the Orthopaedic Community and the Society During COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Vaishya, Raju
AU  - Vaish, Abhishek
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Indian Journal of Orthopaedics 2020
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/S43465-020-00105-7
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The clinical and immunological features of pediatric COVID-19 patients in China
AU  - Chen, Juan
AU  - Zhang, Zhen-Zhen
AU  - Chen, Yao-Kai
AU  - Long, Quan-Xin
AU  - Tian, Wen-Guang
AU  - Deng, Hai-Jun
AU  - Hu, Jie-Li
AU  - Zhang, Xian-Xiang
AU  - Pu, Liao
AU  - Xiang, Jiang-Lin
AU  - Wang, Dao-Xin
AU  - Hu, Peng
AU  - Zhou, Fa-Chun
AU  - Li, Zhi-Jie
AU  - Xu, Hong-Mei
AU  - Cai, Xue-Fei
AU  - Wang, De-Qiang
AU  - Hu, Yuan
AU  - Tang, Ni
AU  - Liu, Bei-Zhong
AU  - Wu, Gui-Cheng
AU  - Huang, Ai-Long
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, the corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in Wuhan,China and rapidly spread worldwide. Few information on clinical features and immunological profile of COVID-19 in paediatrics. The clinical features and treatment outcomes of twelve paediatric patients confirmed as COVID-19 were analyzed. The immunological features of children patients was investigated and compared with twenty adult patients. The median age was 14.5-years (range from 0.64-17), and six of the patients were male. The average incubation period was 8 days. Clinically, cough (9/12, 75%) and fever (7/12, 58.3%) were the most common symptoms. Four patients (33.3%) had diarrhea during the disease. As to the immune profile, children had higher amount of total T cell, CD8+ T cell and B cell but lower CRP levels than adults (P<0.05). Ground-glass opacity (GGO) and local patchy shadowing were the typical radiological findings on chest CT scan. All patients received antiviral and symptomatic treatment and the symptom relieved in 3 to 4 days after admitted to hospital. The paediatric patients showed mild symptom but with longer incubation period. Children infected with SARS-CoV-2 had different immune profile with higher T cell amount and low inflammatory factors level, which might ascribed to the mild clinical symptom. We advise that nucleic acid test or examination of serum IgM/IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 should be taken for children with exposure history regardless of clinical symptom.
JO  - Genes & Diseases
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gendis.2020.03.008
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352304220300507
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Evolution of CT findings in patients with mild COVID-19 pneumonia
AU  - Liang, Ting
AU  - Liu, Zhe
AU  - Wu, Carol C.
AU  - Jin, Chao
AU  - Zhao, Huifang
AU  - Wang, Yan
AU  - Wang, Zekun
AU  - Li, Fen
AU  - Zhou, Jie
AU  - Cai, Shubo
AU  - Liang, Yukun
AU  - Zhou, Heping
AU  - Wang, Xibin
AU  - Ren, Zhuanqin
AU  - Yang, Jian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - To delineate the evolution of CT findings in patients with mild COVID-19 pneumonia. CT images and medical records of 88 patients with confirmed mild COVID-19 pneumonia, a baseline CT, and at least one follow-up CT were retrospectively reviewed. CT features including lobar distribution and presence of ground glass opacities (GGO), consolidation, and linear opacities were analyzed on per-patient basis during each of five time intervals spanning the 3 weeks after disease onset. Total severity scores were calculated. Of patients, 85.2% had travel history to Wuhan or known contact with infected individuals. The most common symptoms were fever (84.1%) and cough (56.8%). The baseline CT was obtained on average 5 days from symptom onset. Four patients (4.5%) had negative initial CT. Significant differences were found among the time intervals in the proportion of pulmonary lesions that are (1) pure GGO, (2) mixed attenuation, (3) mixed attenuation with linear opacities, (4) consolidation with linear opacities, and (5) pure consolidation. The majority of patients had involvement of ≥ 3 lobes. Bilateral involvement was more prevalent than unilateral involvement. The proportions of patients observed to have pure GGO or GGO and consolidation decreased over time while the proportion of patients with GGO and linear opacities increased. Total severity score showed an increasing trend in the first 2 weeks. While bilateral GGO are predominant features, CT findings changed during different time intervals in the 3 weeks after symptom onset in patients with COVID-19. • Four of 88 (4.5%) patients with COVID-19 had negative initial CT. • Majority of COVID-19 patients had abnormal CT findings in ≥ 3 lobes. • A proportion of patients with pure ground glass opacities decreased over the 3 weeks after symptom onset.
JO  - European Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-9
SP  - 1
EP  - 9
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00330-020-06823-8
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00330-020-06823-8
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - CT features of novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) in children
AU  - Duan, Ya-ni
AU  - Zhu, Yan-qiu
AU  - Tang, Lei-lei
AU  - Qin, Jie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A serious epidemic of COVID-19 broke out in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, and spread to other Chinese cities and several countries now. As the majority of patients infected with COVID-19 had chest CT abnormality, chest CT has become an important tool for early diagnosis of COVID-19 and monitoring disease progression. There is growing evidence that children are also susceptible to COVID-19 and have atypical presentations compared with adults. This review is mainly about the differences in clinical symptom spectrum, diagnosis of COVID-19, and CT imaging findings between adults and children, while highlighting the value of radiology in prevention and control of COVID-19 in pediatric patients. • Compared with adults, pediatric patients with COVID-19 have the characteristics of lower incidence, slighter clinical symptoms, shorter course of disease, and fewer severe cases. • The chest CT characteristics of COVID-19 in pediatric patients were atypical, with more localized GGO extent, lower GGO attenuation, and relatively rare interlobular septal thickening. • Chest CT should be used with more caution in pediatric patients with COVID-19 to protect this vulnerable population from risking radiation.
JO  - European Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-7
SP  - 1
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00330-020-06860-3
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00330-020-06860-3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Nutritional recommendations for CoVID-19 quarantine
AU  - Muscogiuri, Giovanna
AU  - Barrea, Luigi
AU  - Savastano, Silvia
AU  - Colao, Annamaria
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European journal of clinical nutrition
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41430-020-0635-2
UR  - 
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The epidemiology and clinical information about COVID-19
AU  - Ge, Huipeng
AU  - Wang, Xiufen
AU  - Yuan, Xiangning
AU  - Xiao, Gong
AU  - Wang, Chengzhi
AU  - Deng, Tianci
AU  - Yuan, Qiongjing
AU  - Xiao, Xiangcheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, pneumonia of unknown cause occurred in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. On 7 January 2020, a novel coronavirus, named as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), was identified in the throat swab sample of one patient. The World Health Organization (WHO) announced the epidemic disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Currently, COVID-19 has spread widely around the world, affecting more than seventy countries. China, with a huge burden of this disease, has taken strong measures to control the spread and improve the curative rate of COVID-19. In this review, we summarized the epidemiological characteristics, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of COVID-19. A comprehensive understanding will help to control the disease.
JO  - European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases 2020
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-9
SP  - 1
EP  - 9
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/S10096-020-03874-Z
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Might renin–angiotensin system blockers play a role in the COVID-19 pandemic?
AU  - Battistoni, Allegra
AU  - Volpe, Massimo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>Since December 2019, a new coronavirus, named SARS-CoV-2, has spread globally, affecting &amp;gt;200 000 people worldwide with the so-called COVID-19 disease. The scientific community is actively and constantly working to identify the mechanisms involved in the diffusion of this virus and the pathogenesis of the infection, with its most frequent and severe complication, namely interstitial pneumonia. To date, SARS-CoV-2 is known to enter the host cells via the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 protein. For this reason, the hypothesis that drugs capable of increasing the expression of this protein may have a role in the spread of the virus and in the symptomatology of affected patients has taken hold. The purpose of this Editorial is to briefly show the evidence currently available in this regard and to provide ideas for future research.</p>
JO  - European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/ehjcvp/pvaa030
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/ehjcvp/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ehjcvp/pvaa030/5819835
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Significance of Serology Testing to Assist Timely Diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infections: Implication from a Family Cluster
AU  - Xu, Yan
AU  - Xiao, Meng
AU  - Liu, Xinchao
AU  - Xu, Shengyong
AU  - Du, Tiekuan
AU  - Xu, Jun
AU  - Yang, Qiwen
AU  - Xu, Yingchun
AU  - Han, Yang
AU  - Li, Taicheng
AU  - Zhu, Huadong
AU  - Wang, Mengzhao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Confirmative diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infections has been challenged due to unsatisfactory positive rate of molecular assays. Here we identified a family cluster of SARS-CoV-2 infections, with five of six family members were SARS-CoV-2-specific immunoglobin serology testing positive, while molecular assays only detected two of this five patients even repeated twice. We comprehensively analyzed this familial cluster of cases based on the clinical characteristics, chest CT images, SARS-CoV-2 molecular detection results, and serology testing results. At last, two patients were diagnosed with COVID-19, two were suspected of COVID-19, and two were considered close contacts. Our results emphasized the significance of serology testing to assist timely diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infections, especially for COVID-19 close contacts screening.
JO  - Emerging microbes & infections
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-12
SP  - 1
EP  - 12
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/22221751.2020.1752610
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Inactivation of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 by WHO-Recommended Hand Rub Formulations and Alcohols
AU  - Kratzel, Annika
AU  - Todt, Daniel
AU  - V'Kovski, Philip
AU  - Steiner, Silvio
AU  - Gultom, Mitra
AU  - Thao, Tran Thi Nhu
AU  - Ebert, Nadine
AU  - Holwerda, Melle
AU  - Steinmann, Jörg
AU  - Niemeyer, Daniela
AU  - Dijkman, Ronald
AU  - Kampf, Günter
AU  - Drosten, Christian
AU  - Steinmann, Eike
AU  - Thiel, Volker
AU  - Pfaender, Stephanie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Infection control instructions call for use of alcohol-based hand rub solutions to inactivate severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. We determined the virucidal activity of World Health Organization-recommended hand rub formulations, at full strength and multiple dilutions, and of the active ingredients. All disinfectants demonstrated efficient virus inactivation.
JO  - Emerging infectious diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 26
IS  - 7
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3201/eid2607.200915
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Global crisis: EM and EMJ respond
AU  - Body, Richard
AU  - Carlton, Edward
AU  - Carley, Simon
AU  - Dawood, Mary
AU  - Leech, Caroline
AU  - Smith, Simon S.
AU  - Weber, Ellen J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Emergency medicine journal : EMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/emermed-2020-209679
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical Presentation of COVID-19: A Systematic Review Focusing on Upper Airway Symptoms
AU  - Lovato, Andrea
AU  - de Filippis, Cosimo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - AIM: Pharyngodynia, nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, smell, and taste dysfunctions could be the presenting symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. The aim was to perform a systematic review of current evidences on clinical presentation of COVID-19, focusing on upper airway symptoms in order to help otolaryngologists identifying suspected cases. METHODS: We searched PubMed and Web of Science electronic databases. RESULTS: We included 5 retrospective clinical studies for a total of 1556 hospitalized patients with COVID-19, 57.5% were male and mean age was 49.1 years. Pooled data revealed that pharyngodynia was present in 12.4% of patients, nasal congestion in 3.7%, and rhinorrhea was rare. No reports on COVID-19 and olfactory/gustative disorders matched inclusion criteria but preliminary evidences suggested they could be present. Common symptoms were fever (85.6%), cough (68.7%), and fatigue (39.4%). Frequent comorbidities were hypertension (17.4%), diabetes (3.8%), and coronary heart disease (3.8%); 83% of patients had alterations on chest computed tomography that were bilateral in 89.5% of cases. Ground-glass opacity was the most common finding (50%). Lymphopenia (77.2%) and leucopenia (30.1%) were common. Critical cases with complications were 9%, intensive care unit admission was required in 7.3%, invasive ventilation in 3.4%, and mortality was 2.4%. CONCLUSION: Otolaryngologists should know that pharyngodynia, nasal congestion, olfactory, and gustative disorders could be the presenting symptoms of COVID-19. Clinical presentation together with radiological and laboratory findings could help to identify suspected cases.
JO  - Ear, nose, & throat journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 145561320920762-145561320920762
SP  - 145561320920762
EP  - 145561320920762
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/0145561320920762
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Emergency endoscopic variceal band ligation in a COVID-19 patient presented with hematemesis while on mechanical ventilation
AU  - El Kassas, Mohamed
AU  - Al Shafie, Ahmad
AU  - Abdel Hameed, Abo Seif
AU  - Mahdi, Mamdouh
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract COVID-19, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), is now a global pandemic with serious health consequences. Currently, many strict control measures are applied in health care settings, including endoscopy units, in order to limit virus spread. Several recommendations called to limit endoscopic procedures to emergent endoscopies; however, several uncertainties still existing concerning patient safety, protective measures, and infection control methods in emergency endoscopic settings. In this case report, we present a case of successful endoscopic band ligation for bleeding esophageal varices in man with COVID-19 disease who presented with an acute attack of hematemesis while on mechanical ventilation (MV). Esophago- gastroduodenoscopy was performed in the ICU room after preparing the setting, and revealed large, risky esophageal varices. Endoscopic band ligation was done with successful control of bleeding. Third-level measures of medical protection were applied for the participating medical personnel, and patient monitoring was kept all through the procedure. After the procedure, the bleeding stopped, and the patient was vitally stable and conscious. We conclude that emergency endoscopic interventions could be performed safely with appropriate arrangements in patients with confirmed COVID-19 on mechanical ventilation.
JO  - Digestive Endoscopy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/den.13694
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/den.13694
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Pandemic: A Race Against Time
AU  - Banerjee, Amit Kumar
AU  - Arora, Neelima
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Current topics in medicinal chemistry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2174/1568026620999200413145654
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How to transform a general hospital into an “infectious disease hospital” during the epidemic of COVID-19
AU  - He, Hongli
AU  - Hu, Caiying
AU  - Xiong, Nian
AU  - Liu, Cheng
AU  - Huang, Xiaobo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Critical Care
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 24
IS  - 1
PG  - 145-145
SP  - 145
EP  - 145
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s13054-020-02864-z
UR  - https://ccforum.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13054-020-02864-z
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The model of epidemic (COVID-19) prevention and control in rural of China
AU  - Fu, Bao
AU  - Fu, Xiaoyun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Critical Care
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 24
IS  - 1
PG  - 146-146
SP  - 146
EP  - 146
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s13054-020-02874-x
UR  - https://ccforum.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13054-020-02874-x
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Optimizing hydroxychloroquine dosing for patients with COVID-19: An integrative modeling approach for effective drug repurposing
AU  - Garcia-Cremades, Maria
AU  - Solans, Belen P.
AU  - Hughes, Emma
AU  - Ernest, Jacqueline P.
AU  - Wallender, Erika
AU  - Aweeka, Francesca
AU  - Luetkemeyer, Annie
AU  - Savic, Radojka M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is a promising candidate for Coronavirus Disease of 2019 (COVID-19) treatment. The optimal dosing of HCQ is unknown. Our goal was to integrate historic and emerging pharmacological and toxicity data to understand safe and efficacious HCQ dosing strategies for COVID-19 treatment. The data sources included were 1) longitudinal clinical, pharmacokinetic, and virologic data from patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection who received HCQ with or without azithromycin (n=116), 2) in vitro viral replication data and SARS-CoV-2 viral load inhibition by HCQ, 3) a population pharmacokinetic model of HCQ and 4) a model relating chloroquine pharmacokinetics to QTc prolongation. A mechanistic PK/virologic/QTc model for HCQ was developed and externally validated to predict SARS-CoV-2 rate of viral decline and QTc prolongation. SARS-CoV-2 viral decline was associated with HCQ pharmacokinetics (p<0.001). The extrapolated patient EC(50) was 4.7 µM, comparable to the reported in vitro EC(50) 's. HCQ doses > 400 mg BID for ≥5 days were predicted to rapidly decrease viral loads, reduce the proportion of patients with detectable SARS-CoV-2 infection, and shorten treatment courses, compared to lower dose (≤400 mg daily) regimens. However, HCQ doses >600 mg BID were also predicted to prolong QTc intervals. This prolongation may have clinical implications warranting further safety assessment. Due to COVID-19's variable natural history, lower dose HCQ regimens may be indistinguishable from controls. Evaluation of higher HCQ doses is needed to ensure adequate safety and efficacy.
JO  - Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/cpt.1856
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The value of urine biochemical parameters in the prediction of the severity of coronavirus disease 2019
AU  - Liu, Rui
AU  - Ma, Qingfeng
AU  - Han, Huan
AU  - Su, Hanwen
AU  - Liu, Fang
AU  - Wu, Kailang
AU  - Wang, Wei
AU  - Zhu, Chengliang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background Among patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the cases of a significant proportion of patients are severe. A viral nucleic acid test is used for the diagnosis of COVID-19, and some hematological indicators have been used in the auxiliary diagnosis and identification of the severity of COVID-19. Regarding body fluid samples, except for being used for nucleic acid testing, the relationship between COVID-19 and routine body fluid parameters is not known. Our aim was to investigate the value of urine biochemical parameters in the prediction of the severity of COVID-19. Methods A total of 119 patients with COVID-19 were enrolled at Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University. According to the severity of COVID-19, the patients were divided into three groups (moderate 67, severe 42 and critical 10), and 45 healthy persons were enrolled in the same period as healthy controls. The relationship between the results of urine biochemical parameters and the severity of COVID-19 was analyzed. Results The positive rates of urine occult blood (BLOOD) and proteinuria (PRO) were higher in COVID-19 patients than in healthy controls (p < 0.05); the urine specific gravity (SG) value was lower in patients than in healthy controls (p < 0.05), and the urine potential of hydrogen (pH) value was higher in patients than in healthy controls (p < 0.01). The positive rates of urine glucose (GLU-U) and PRO in the severe and critical groups were higher than those in the moderate group (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively); other biochemical parameters of urine were not associated with the severity of COVID-19. Conclusions Some urine biochemical parameters are different between patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV-2 and healthy controls, and GLU-U and PRO may be helpful for the differentiation of COVID-19 severity.
JO  - Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1515/cclm-2020-0220
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 infections are also affected by human ACE1 D/I polymorphism
AU  - Delanghe, Joris R.
AU  - Speeckaert, Marijn M.
AU  - De Buyzere, Marc L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1515/cclm-2020-0425
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and Renin Angiotensin Blockers: Current Evidence and Recommendations
AU  - Messerli, Franz H.
AU  - Siontis, George C. M.
AU  - Rexhaj, Emrush
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Circulation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.047022
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Reperfusion of STEMI in the COVID-19 Era - Business as Usual?
AU  - Daniels, Matthew J.
AU  - Cohen, Mauricio G.
AU  - Bavry, Anthony A.
AU  - Kumbhani, Dharam J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Circulation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.047122
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Impact, Strategies and Opportunities for Early and Mid-Career Cardiovascular Researchers During the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Climie, Rachel E.
AU  - Marques, Francine Z.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Circulation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.047394
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cloth masks versus medical masks for COVID-19 protection
AU  - Szarpak, Lukasz
AU  - Smereka, Jacek
AU  - Filipiak, Krzysztof J.
AU  - Ladny, Jerzy R.
AU  - Jaguszewski, Milosz
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Cardiology journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.5603/CJ.a2020.0054
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in COVID-19
AU  - Smereka, Jacek
AU  - Puslecki, Mateusz
AU  - Ruetzler, Kurt
AU  - Filipiak, Krzysztof J.
AU  - Jaguszewski, Milosz
AU  - Ladny, Jerzy R.
AU  - Szarpak, Lukasz
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Cardiology journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.5603/CJ.a2020.0053
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin system: The potential role in the pathogenesis of COVID-19
AU  - Huang, Ziyin
AU  - Jiang, Yufeng
AU  - Chen, Jingjing
AU  - Zhou, Yafeng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which initially began in China, has spread to other countries of Asia, Europe, America, Africa and Oceania, with the number of confirmed cases and suspected cases increasing each day. According to recently published research, it was found that the majority of the severe cases were elderly, and many of them had at least one chronic disease, especially cardiovascular diseases. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers (ACEIs/ARBs) are the most widely used drugs for cardiovascular diseases. The clinical effect of ACEIs/ARBs on patients with COVID-19 is still uncertain. This paper describes their potential role in the pathogenesis of COVID-19, which may provide useful in the advice of cardiologists and physicians.
JO  - Cardiology journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.5603/CJ.a2020.0056
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 challenge for modern medicine
AU  - Dzieciatkowski, Tomasz
AU  - Szarpak, Lukasz
AU  - Filipiak, Krzysztof J.
AU  - Jaguszewski, Milosz
AU  - Ladny, Jerzy R.
AU  - Smereka, Jacek
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronaviruses cause disease in animals and people around the world. Human coronaviruses (HCoV) are mainly known to cause infections of the upper and lower respiratory tract but the symptoms may also involve the nervous and digestive systems. Since the beginning of December 2019, there has been an epidemic of SARS-CoV-2, which was originally referred to as 2019-nCoV. The most common symptoms are fever and cough, fatigue, sputum production, dyspnea, myalgia, arthralgia or sore throat, headache, nausea, vomiting or diarrhea (30%). The best prevention is to avoid exposure. In addition, contact persons should be subjected to mandatory quarantine. COVID-19 patients should be treated in specialist centers. A significant number of patients with pneumonia require passive oxygen therapy. Non-invasive ventilation and high-flow nasal oxygen therapy can be applied in mild and moderate non-hypercapnia cases. A lung-saving ventilation strategy must be implemented in acute respiratory distress syndrome and mechanically ventilated patients. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is a highly specialized method, available only in selected centers and not applicable to a significant number of cases. Specific pharmacological treatment for COVID-19 is not currently available. Modern medicine is gearing up to fight the new coronavirus pandemic. The key is a holistic approach to the patient including, primarily, the use of personal protective equipment to reduce the risk of further virus transmission, as well as patient management, which consists in both quarantine and, in the absence of specific pharmacological therapy, symptomatic treatment.
JO  - Cardiology journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.5603/CJ.a2020.0055
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Social distancing: implications for the operating room in the face of COVID-19
AU  - Prin, Meghan
AU  - Bartels, Karsten
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Canadian Journal of Anesthesia/Journal canadien d'anesthésie
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-9
SP  - 1
EP  - 9
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12630-020-01651-2
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12630-020-01651-2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Locating and repurposing anesthetic machines as intensive care unit ventilators during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Orser, Beverley A.
AU  - Byrick, Robert
AU  - Cooper, Richard
AU  - Henry, Elihu
AU  - Lau, Philip
AU  - Rittenberg, Brian
AU  - Wiegelmann, Julian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Canadian Journal of Anesthesia/Journal canadien d'anesthésie
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12630-020-01657-w
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12630-020-01657-w
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Common breaches in biosafety during donning and doffing of protective personal equipment used in the care of COVID-19 patients
AU  - Muñoz-Leyva, Felipe
AU  - Niazi, Ahtsham U.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Canadian Journal of Anesthesia/Journal canadien d'anesthésie
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12630-020-01648-x
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12630-020-01648-x
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - VID-19 pandemic: the 3R’s (reduce, refine, and replace) of personal protective equipment (PPE) sustainability
AU  - Ip, Vivian
AU  - Özelsel, Timur J. P.
AU  - Sondekoppam, Rakesh V.
AU  - Tsui, Ban C. H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Canadian Journal of Anesthesia/Journal canadien d'anesthésie
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12630-020-01653-0
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12630-020-01653-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Telepsychiatry coming into its own with COVID-19
AU  - Knopf, Alison
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Among the other benefits of the CARES Act ? the $2 trillion law signed by President Trump March 27 ?is a big boost to telemedicine, including telepsychiatry. For so many years, psychiatrists have been hampered by the fact that, in general, they can't get paid for telemedicine. Insurance won't cover it, and, for the most part, patients assume that a phone call ? or an email or text ? should be free.
JO  - The Brown University Child & Adolescent Psychopharmacology Update
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 22
IS  - 5
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/cpu.30487
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/cpu.30487
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: Death rate in England and Wales reaches record high because of covid-19
AU  - Wise, Jacqui
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The death toll in England and Wales is at its highest level since weekly statistics began 15 years ago, with 16 387 deaths registered in the week ending 3 April—37% more than expected. This is 5246 deaths more (14%) than the previous week and 6082 more (59%) than the five year average for this week in the year, the Office for National Statistics (ONS) has reported.1 The ONS said that 3475 of these registered deaths mentioned “novel coronavirus (covid-19),” which was 21.2% of all deaths. In London, nearly half (46.6%) of deaths in the week ending 3 April involved covid-19. The West Midlands also had a high proportion of covid-19 deaths, accounting for 22.1% …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1484-m1484
SP  - m1484
EP  - m1484
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1484
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1484
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prediction models for diagnosis and prognosis in Covid-19
AU  - Sperrin, Matthew
AU  - Grant, Stuart W.
AU  - Peek, Niels
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - All models are wrong but data sharing and better reporting could improve this The covid-19 pandemic is a rapidly developing global emergency. Healthcare providers are facing critical time sensitive decisions regarding patients and their treatment; decisions that are made more difficult owing to a lack of robust evidence based decision support tools. Decision support tools are commonly underpinned by clinical prediction models. These models use patient data to calculate a predicted probability of either existing disease (diagnostic model) or future outcome (prognostic model).12 Both elements are highly relevant in responding to the pandemic, and a linked article by Wynants and colleagues (doi:10.1136/bmj.m1328) reports a systematic review of clinical prediction models for diagnosis and prognosis of patients with covid-19.3 In just over three months from the start of the pandemic to the most recent search, the authors identified 27 studies describing 31 models. This number shows the potential of the academic community to respond quickly to this healthcare crisis. …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1464-m1464
SP  - m1464
EP  - m1464
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1464
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1464
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: Third of surgeons do not have adequate PPE, royal college warns
AU  - Rimmer, Abi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Over half of surgeons and trainees in the UK have experienced shortages of personal protective equipment (PPE) in the past month, the Royal College of Surgeons of England has found. Meanwhile, the BMA has warned that doctors are being forced into impossible situations because of dangerously low levels of PPE. The Royal College of Surgeons of England conducted a survey on PPE from 6 to 9 April 2020, which received 1978 responses from surgeons and surgical trainees. A third (32.5%) of respondents disagreed that PPE supply at their trust was adequate and enabled …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1492-m1492
SP  - m1492
EP  - m1492
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1492
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1492
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: why we need a national health and social care service
AU  - Pollock, Allyson M.
AU  - Clements, Luke
AU  - Harding-Edgar, Louisa
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Neglect of social care during the pandemic shames the UK Covid-19 outbreaks in care homes expose serious inadequacies in social care services across the UK. Data from across the world show that deaths from covid-19 mainly occur among older people, particularly those over 80.1 By 12 April 10 612 deaths had been reported in the UK2—40% of deaths have occurred in those aged 60-79 and 52% in those 80 years or over.3 Close to 1.5 million vulnerable people are currently self-isolating indoors for 12 weeks.4 These include many older people and people with disabilities and chronic illnesses. Many are essentially in solitary confinement. Many residents in care homes are trapped in their rooms, with no visits from relatives and minimal interactions with staff. The decision to exclude relatives means that care homes have become closed institutions, increasing the risk that people are inappropriately denied hospital admission as well as the risk of neglect and abuse.56 Of equal concern are plans to transfer patients recovering from covid-19 from the NHS into empty nursing home beds.7 Social services in the UK are among the most privatised and fragmented in the Western world. They have been underfunded for decades. Between 2010-11 …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1465-m1465
SP  - m1465
EP  - m1465
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1465
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1465
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: Nine in 10 pregnant women with infection when admitted for delivery are asymptomatic, small study finds
AU  - Mayor, Susan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Nearly 90% of pregnant women admitted to hospital for delivery who test positive for SARS-CoV-2 have no symptoms of the infection, a small study has found.1 Researchers led by Dena Goffman at Columbia University Irving Medical Center in New York, USA, screened all 215 pregnant women admitted to two New York City hospitals from 22 March to 4 April 2020 for symptoms of covid-19 and for infection with SARS-CoV-2. The results, reported in a letter to the New England Journal of Medicine ,1 showed that four women (1.9%) had fever or other symptoms of covid-19 on admission …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1485-m1485
SP  - m1485
EP  - m1485
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1485
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1485
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: Black people and other minorities are hardest hit in US
AU  - Dyer, Owen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In the United States, black people are being admitted to hospital and dying in disproportionate numbers from the covid-19 pandemic. The Trump administration acknowledged the issue after a Washington Post analysis found that black majority counties had three times the coronavirus infection rate and almost six times the death rate of white majority counties.1 The excess deaths among African-Americans “are shining a very bright light on some of the real weaknesses and foibles in our society,” said Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, adding that at least part of the problem was due to a higher burden of underlying medical conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, obesity, and asthma among African-Americans. “There’s nothing we can do about it right now except to try and give them the best possible care to avoid complications,” he said. The true scale of the disparity is …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1483-m1483
SP  - m1483
EP  - m1483
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1483
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1483
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Patient in hospital for over a year must leave for community care, says judge
AU  - Dyer, Clare
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A UK hospital trust has been granted a High Court injunction requiring an overstaying patient to leave the next day, amid concerns that her bedroom could be urgently needed for a covid-19 patient.1 MB, whose identity was protected by court order, was admitted to hospital in February 2019 after collapsing at home. She occupied a bedroom on an acute neuropsychiatric ward intended for stays of no longer than 28 days at the National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery at Queen Square in central London.
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1469-m1469
SP  - m1469
EP  - m1469
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1469
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1469
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Managing bioanalytical studies during the COVID-19 pandemic: an overview
AU  - Pruim, Peter
AU  - Teekamp, Naomi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Bioanalysis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4155/bio-2020-0082
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Inflammatory Response Cells During Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
AU  - Zhang, Yulin
AU  - Gao, Yuxue
AU  - Qiao, Luxin
AU  - Wang, Wenjing
AU  - Chen, Dexi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of internal medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7326/L20-0227
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Community Pharmacists in Taiwan at the Frontline Against the Novel Coronavirus Pandemic: Gatekeepers for the Rationing of Personal Protective Equipment
AU  - Ou, Huang-Tz
AU  - Kao Yang, Yea-Huei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of internal medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7326/M20-1404
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: The Worst Days of Our Careers
AU  - Cunningham, Chinazo O.
AU  - Diaz, Chanelle
AU  - Slawek, Deepika E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of internal medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7326/M20-1715
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Diagnostic Testing for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Related Coronavirus-2: A Narrative Review
AU  - Cheng, Matthew P.
AU  - Papenburg, Jesse
AU  - Desjardins, Michaël
AU  - Kanjilal, Sanjat
AU  - Quach, Caroline
AU  - Libman, Michael
AU  - Dittrich, Sabine
AU  - Yansouni, Cedric P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Diagnostic testing to identify persons infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is central to control the global pandemic of COVID-19 that began in late 2019. In a few countries, the use of diagnostic testing on a massive scale has been a cornerstone of successful containment strategies. In contrast, the United States, hampered by limited testing capacity, has prioritized testing for specific groups of persons. Real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction-based assays performed in a laboratory on respiratory specimens are the reference standard for COVID-19 diagnostics. However, point-of-care technologies and serologic immunoassays are rapidly emerging. Although excellent tools exist for the diagnosis of symptomatic patients in well-equipped laboratories, important gaps remain in screening asymptomatic persons in the incubation phase, as well as in the accurate determination of live viral shedding during convalescence to inform decisions to end isolation. Many affluent countries have encountered challenges in test delivery and specimen collection that have inhibited rapid increases in testing capacity. These challenges may be even greater in low-resource settings. Urgent clinical and public health needs currently drive an unprecedented global effort to increase testing capacity for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Here, the authors review the current array of tests for SARS-CoV-2, highlight gaps in current diagnostic capacity, and propose potential solutions.
JO  - Annals of internal medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7326/M20-1301
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Keeping pace: An ED communications strategy for COVID-19
AU  - Baugh, Joshua J.
AU  - Sonis, Jonathan D.
AU  - Wittbold, Kelly A.
AU  - White, Benjamin A.
AU  - Raja, Ali S.
AU  - Aaronson, Emily L.
AU  - Biddinger, Paul D.
AU  - Yun, Brian J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2020.04.033
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735675720302618
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Letter: Covid-19 and vitamin D-authors' reply
AU  - Tian, Yuan
AU  - Rong, Long
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We read with great interest the letter from Drs Panarese and Shahini, regarding our review article. We are glad that our review has helped Italian colleagues in this pandemic and grateful for their comments. Interestingly, they found that northerly latitude is associated with increased mortality rate and hospitalization rate for COVID-19 worldwide.
JO  - Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/apt.15764
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Editor’s introduction: Our public service manifesto during pandemic
AU  - Zavattaro, Staci M.
AU  - McCandless, Sean A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In this Editor's Introduction, we write during the COVID-19 pandemic response this manifesto for public service.
JO  - Administrative Theory & Praxis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-7
SP  - 1
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/10841806.2020.1752593
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/10841806.2020.1752593
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Khoo, E. J.
AU  - Lantos, J. D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak raises unique ethical dilemmas because it makes demands on society from all sectors of life, nationally and across the globe. Health professionals must deal with decisions about the allocation of scarce resources that can eventually cause moral distress and may affects one?s mental health. Everybody must deal with restrictions on freedom of movement that have shut down whole economies in an attempt to flatten the epidemic curve.
JO  - Acta Paediatrica
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/apa.15307
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/apa.15307
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pandemic pressure: policy, politics, profession, and rapid publication
AU  - Felländer-Tsai, Li
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Acta Orthopaedica
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-1
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/17453674.2020.1753162
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/17453674.2020.1753162
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Our darkest hours (being neurosurgeons during the COVID-19 war)
AU  - Borsa, Stefano
AU  - Bertani, Giulio
AU  - Pluderi, Mauro
AU  - Locatelli, Marco
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Acta Neurochirurgica
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00701-020-04333-6
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00701-020-04333-6
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Radiology Management and COVID-19 in Resource Limited Setting
AU  - Joob, Beuy
AU  - Wiwanitkit, Viroj
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Academic Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acra.2020.03.021
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1076633220301628
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Study on medication regularity of traditional Chinese medicine in treatment of COVID-19 based on data mining]
AU  - Zhou, Zheng
AU  - Zhu, Chun-Sheng
AU  - Zhang, Bing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) is developing rapidly and posing great threat to public health. There is no specific medicine available for treating the disease. Luckily, traditional Chinese medicine has played a positive role in the fighting against COVID-19. In this paper, We collected and sorted the prescriptions of modern Chinese medicine for COVID-19 released by national government, different provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities, as well as online databases, such as CNKI, WanFang medical network, and VIP database. These prescriptions were combined with the inheritance of traditional Chinese medicine auxiliary V2.5, and the complex system entropy clustering method was used to determine the association rules and frequency of single drug and drug combination in the prescription. In the end, 96 effective prescriptions were included. Among them, the four properties were mainly concentrated in temperature, cold and level, the five tastes were mainly concentrated in bitter, hot and sweet, and the meridians were mainly concentrated in lung, stomach and spleen. The high-frequency drugs were Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Armeniacae Semen Amarum, Gypsum Fibrosum, etc., and the high-frequency combinations are Gypsum Fibrosum-Armeniacae Semen Amarum, Gypsum Fibrosum-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Armeniacae Semen Amarum-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, the core combinations are Lepidii Semen-Armeniacae Semen Amarum-Gypsum Fibrosum, Pogostemonis Herba-Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens-Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, Ophiopogonis Radix-Armeniacae Semen Amarum-Scutellariae Radix and so on. Form new prescriptions Lepidii Semen, Armeniacae Semen Amarum, Gypsum Fibrosum, Pogostemonis Herba, Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex. Ophiopogonis Radix, Armeniacae Semen Amarum, Scutellariae Radix, Schisandrae Sphenantherae Fructus, Panacis Quinquefolii Radix. From the medicinal properties to high-frequency drugs and new prescriptions, it could be seen that the overall treatment of COVID-19 by traditional Chinese medicine was to strengthen body resistance, eliminate pathogenic factors, and give attention to Qi and Yin.
JO  - Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32281332
DO  - 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20200220.502
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Research progress of intervention of Chinese herbal medicine and its active components on human coronavirus]
AU  - Zhang, Yu-Shi
AU  - Cong, Wei-Hong
AU  - Zhang, Jing-Jing
AU  - Guo, Fei-Fei
AU  - Li, Hong-Mei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak caused by 2019 novel coronavirus(2019-nCoV) is still spreading, posing a great threat to the safety and health of general population. However, there have not been any effective drugs for treatment, with symptomatic treatment and prevention prevailing. The treatment plans of severe acute respiratory syndrome(SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome(MERS) are often used for reference in clinic. The advantages of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) in treating SARS and MERS are that it can intervene and block the progression of disease in early stage, significantly reduce symptoms, shorten the treatment duration of patients, reduce complications and side effects caused by hormone therapy. The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) belongs to the category of TCM epidemic diseases. Chinese patent medicines and prescriptions in medical observation and clinical treatment were recommended in the &quot;pneumonia diagnosis and treatment plan for new coronavirus infection&quot;(trial version fifth) of the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China. Qingfei Paidu Decotion was recommended for the treatment of COVID-19 by the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China and National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine. TCM shows good clinical efficacy and great potential in the treatment of COVID-19. Previous studies of TCM have shown broad-spectrum antiviral activity, providing a variety of sources for the discovery of new antiviral drugs. In this paper, we reviewed traditional Chinese medicines and its active ingredients in the hope of bringing novel inspirations to the drug screening and clinical treatment for COVID-19.
JO  - Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32281335
DO  - 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20200219.501
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Rehospitalization of a Recovered Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) Child With Positive Nucleic Acid Detection
AU  - Wang, Haizhou
AU  - Li, Ying
AU  - Wang, Fan
AU  - Du, Hui
AU  - Lu, Xiaoxia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia (coronavirus disease 19) occurred in Wuhan and rapidly spread throughout China and beyond. During this period, increasing of reports found that several recovered patients from different hospitals showed positive results of nucleic acid test again soon after discharge. However, little attention has been paid to recovered children. Herein, we reported a case of 8-year-old recovered child, who was rehospitalized again because of unexplained fever.
JO  - Pediatr Infect Dis J
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32282658
DO  - 10.1097/INF.0000000000002690
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Analysis on clinical study protocols of traditional Chinese medicine for coronavirus disease 2019]
AU  - Wang, Hui
AU  - Jin, Xin-Yao
AU  - Pang, Bo
AU  - Liu, Chun-Xiang
AU  - Zheng, Wen-Ke
AU  - Yang, Feng-Wen
AU  - Pang, Wen-Tai
AU  - Zhang, Jun-Hua
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - To analyze the registered clinical trial protocols of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) for the prevention and treatment of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19), in order to provide information for improving the quality of research design. The website of the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry(www.chictr.org.cn) and the American Clinical Trial Registry(clinicaltrials.gov) were searched to collect protocols of TCM for COVID-19. Documents were screened following the inclusion criteria, and data were extracted in regard to registration date, study objective, type of design, sponsor, patient, sample size, intervention, and evaluation index. Descriptive analysis was conducted. A total of 49 clinical trial protocols of TCM for COVID-19 were included. Primary sponsors were mainly hospitals or universities in places like Hubei, Beijing, Zhejiang and other regions. The implementation units are mainly in Hubei, Guangdong, Zhejiang, Henan and other regional hospitals. The types of study design were mainly experimental studies(40), including 30 randomized parallel controlled trials, 7 non-randomized controlled trials, 2 single arm trials and 1 consecutively recruited trial; besides, there were also 6 observational studies, 2 health service studies and 1 preventive study. The sample size reached a total of 30 562 cases, with a maximum of 20 000 for a single study and a minimum of 30. The 49 trials subjects included healthy people(3), isolation and observation cases(1), suspected cases(10),confirmed COVID-19 patients(31) and COVID-19 recovery patients(4). Of the 31 trials planned to include confirmed COVID-19 patients, 16 protocols no definite disease classification, 3 with a clear exclusion of severe subjects, 4 with common subjects, 2 with light, common or severe subjects, 1 with light and common subjects, 1 with common or severe subjects, 3 with severe subjects, and 1 with severe or critical subjects. The experimental interventions included Chinese patent medicine(Lianhua Qingwen Capsules/Granules, Huoxiang Zhengqi Dropping Pills/Oral Liquid, Babao Dan, Gubiao Jiedu Ling, Jinhao Jiere Granules, Compound Yu-xingcao Mixture, Jinye Baidu Granules, Shufeng Jiedu Capsuless, Shuanghuanglian Oral Liquid, Tanreqing Injection, Xuebijing Injection, Reduning Injection, Xiyanping Injection), Chinese medicinal decoction and taichi. The primary evaluation outcomes mainly included antipyretic time, clinical symptom relief, novel coronavirus nucleic acid turning to negative, conversion rate of severe cases and chest CT. There was a quick response of clinical research on the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 with TCM, with the current registered protocols covers the whole process of disease prevention, treatment and rehabilitation. However, issues need to be concerned, including unclear definition of patient's condition, unclear research objectives, unclear intervention process and inappropriate outcomes, etc. In addition, researchers should consider the actual difficulties and workload of doctors in epidemic response environment, and make effort to optimize the process and improve the operability of research protocols under the principle of medical ethics.
JO  - Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32281330
DO  - 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20200220.501
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Telemedicine for Pediatric Inflammatory bowel disease in the Era of COVID-19
AU  - Verstraete, Sofia G.
AU  - Sola, Ana Marija
AU  - Ali, Sabina A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32282624
DO  - 10.1097/MPG.0000000000002747
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Incidental CT Findings Suspicious for Covid-19 Associated Pneumonia on Nuclear Medicine Exams: Recognition and Management Plan
AU  - Tulchinsky, Mark
AU  - Fotos, Joseph S.
AU  - Slonimsky, Einat
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Some patients undergoing routine SPECT/CT and PET/CT examinations during the Covid-19 pandemic may incidentally reveal findings of Covid-19 associated pneumonia (C-19AP) on localizing CT. It is critical for Nuclear Medicine physicians to develop diagnostic skills for timely recognition of typical findings of C-19AP on a localizing CT. Furthermore, it is our responsibility to know the optimal practices for safely isolating and managing such patients while protecting the staff, other patients at the facility, family and/or friend accompanying the patients, and the public in general from risky exposure to Covid-19 sources. We offer several steps following an encounter suspicious of C-19AP.
JO  - Clin Nucl Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32282404
DO  - 10.1097/RLU.0000000000003100
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Reply to "Coronavirus 2019-nCoV: A brief perspective from the front line": Nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 infection among nurses in Wuhan from a single center
AU  - Sun, Huimin
AU  - Lu, Mengxin
AU  - Chen, Song
AU  - Cheng, Zhenshun
AU  - Xiong, Yong
AU  - Wang, Xinghuan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Infect
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32283150
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.036
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Medical Student Mobilization During A Crisis: Lessons From A COVID-19 Medical Student Response Team
AU  - Soled, Derek
AU  - Goel, Shivangi
AU  - Barry, Danika
AU  - Erfani, Parsa
AU  - Joseph, Nicholos
AU  - Kochis, Michael
AU  - Uppal, Nishant
AU  - Velasquez, David
AU  - Vora, Kruti
AU  - Scott, Kirstin Woody
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - PROBLEM: On March 17, 2020, the Association of American Medical Colleges recommended the suspension of all direct patient contact responsibilities for medical students because of the COVID-19 pandemic. Given this change, medical students nationwide had to grapple with how and where they could fill the evolving needs of their schools' affiliated clinical sites, physicians, and patients and the community. APPROACH: At Harvard Medical School (HMS), student leaders created a COVID-19 Medical Student Response Team to: (1) develop a student-led organizational structure that would optimize students' ability to efficiently mobilize interested peers in the COVID-19 response, both clinically and in the community, in a strategic, safe, smart, and resource-conscious way; and (2) serve as a liaison with the administration and hospital leaders to identify evolving needs and rapidly engage students in those efforts. OUTCOMES: Within a week of its inception, the COVID-19 Medical Student Response Team had more than 500 medical student volunteers from HMS and had shared the organizational framework of the response team with multiple medical schools across the country. The HMS student volunteers joined any of the 4 virtual committees to complete this work: Education for the Medical Community, Education for the Broader Community, Activism for Clinical Support, and Community Activism. NEXT STEPS: The COVID-19 Medical Student Response Team helped to quickly mobilize hundreds of students and has been integrated into HMS's daily workflow. It may serve as a useful model for other schools and hospitals seeking medical student assistance during the COVID-19 pandemic. Next steps include expanding the initiative further, working with the leaders of response teams at other medical schools to coordinate efforts, and identifying new areas of need at local hospitals and within nearby communities that might benefit from medical student involvement as the pandemic evolves.
JO  - Acad Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32282373
DO  - 10.1097/ACM.0000000000003401
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Rehabilitation following critical illness in people with COVID-19 infection
AU  - Simpson, Robert
AU  - Robinson, Larry
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The current COVID-19 pandemic will place enormous pressure on healthcare systems around the world. Large numbers of people are predicted to become critically ill with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and will require management in intensive care units (ICUs). High levels of physical, cognitive and psychosocial impairments can be anticipated. Rehabilitation providers will serve as an important link in the continuum of care, helping move patients on from acute sites to eventual discharge to the community. Likely impairment patterns, considerations for healthcare practitioner resilience, and organization of services to meet demand are discussed. Innovative approaches to care, such as virtual rehabilitation, are likely to become common in this environment.
JO  - Am J Phys Med Rehabil
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32282359
DO  - 10.1097/PHM.0000000000001443
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Innovation in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic Crisis
AU  - Woolliscroft, James O.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted all aspects of academic medical center missions. The number and rapidity of innovative responses to the crisis are extraordinary. When the pandemic has subsided, the world of academic medicine will have changed. The author of this Invited Commentary anticipates that at least some of these innovations will become part of academic medicine's everyday clinical and educational operations. Here he considers the implications of exemplary innovations-virtual care, hospital at home, advances in diagnosis and therapy, virtual learning, and virtual clinical learning-for regulators, academic medical centers, faculty, and students.
JO  - Acad Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32282372
DO  - 10.1097/ACM.0000000000003402
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Anesthetic Management of Endovascular Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke During COVID-19 Pandemic: Consensus Statement from Society for Neuroscience in Anesthesiology & Critical Care (SNACC)_Endorsed by Society of Vascular & Interventional Neurology (SVIN), Society of NeuroInterventional Surgery (SNIS), Neurocritical Care Society (NCS), and European Society of Minimally Invasive Neurological Therapy (ESMINT)
AU  - Sharma, Deepak
AU  - Rasmussen, Mads
AU  - Han, Ruquan
AU  - Whalin, Matthew
AU  - Davis, Melinda
AU  - Kofke, W. Andrew
AU  - Raghvan, Lakshmikumar Venkat
AU  - Raychev, Radoslav
AU  - Fraser, Justin F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has unique implications for the anesthetic management of endovascular therapy for acute ischemic stroke. The Society for Neuroscience in Anesthesiology and Critical Care appointed a task force to provide timely, consensus-based expert recommendations using available evidence for the safe and effective anesthetic management of endovascular therapy for acute ischemic stroke during the COVID-19 pandemic. The goal of this consensus statement is to provide recommendations for anesthetic management considering: (1) optimal neurological outcomes for patients; (2) minimizing the risk for healthcare professionals, and (3) facilitating judicious use of resources while accounting for existing variability in care. It provides a framework for selecting optimal anesthetic technique (general anesthesia or monitored anesthesia care) for a given patient and offers suggestions for best practices for anesthesia care during the pandemic. Institutions and healthcare providers are encouraged to adapt these recommendations to best suit local needs, considering existing practice standards and resource availability to ensure safety of patients and providers.
JO  - J Neurosurg Anesthesiol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32282614
DO  - 10.1097/ANA.0000000000000688
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Remdesivir and SARS-CoV-2: structural requirements at both nsp12 RdRp and nsp14 Exonuclease active-sites
AU  - Shannon, Ashleigh
AU  - Tuyet Le, Nhung Thi
AU  - Selisko, Barbara
AU  - Eydoux, Cecilia
AU  - Alvarez, Karine
AU  - Guillemot, Jean-Claude
AU  - Decroly, Etienne
AU  - Peersen, Olve
AU  - Ferron, Francois
AU  - Canard, Bruno
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The rapid global emergence of SARS-CoV-2 has been the cause of significant health concern, highlighting the immediate need for antivirals. Viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerases (RdRp) play essential roles in viral RNA synthesis, and thus remains the target of choice for the prophylactic or curative treatment of several viral diseases, due to high sequence and structural conservation. To date, the most promising broad-spectrum class of viral RdRp inhibitors are nucleoside analogues (NAs), with over 25 approved for the treatment of several medically important viral diseases. However, Coronaviruses stand out as a particularly challenging case for NA drug design due to the presence of an exonuclease (ExoN) domain capable of excising incorporated NAs and thus providing resistance to many of these available antivirals. Here we use the available structures of the SARS-CoV RdRp and ExoN proteins, as well as Lassa virus N exonuclease to derive models of catalytically competent SARS-CoV-2 enzymes. We then map a promising NA candidate, GS-441524 (the active metabolite of Remdesivir) to the nucleoside active site of both proteins, identifying the residues important for nucleotide recognition, discrimination, and excision. Interestingly, GS-441524 addresses both enzyme active sites in a manner consistent with significant incorporation, delayed chain termination, and altered excision due to the ribose 1'-CN group, which may account for the increased antiviral effect compared to other available analogues. Additionally, we propose structural and function implications of two previously identified RdRp resistance mutations in relation to resistance against Remdesivir. This study highlights the importance of considering the balance between incorporation and excision properties of NAs between the RdRp and ExoN.
JO  - Antiviral Res
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32283108
DO  - 10.1016/j.antiviral.2020.104793
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preparing to Perform Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery on Patients with COVID-19
AU  - Rodrigues-Pinto, Ricardo
AU  - Sousa, Ricardo
AU  - Oliveira, Antonio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Bone Joint Surg Am
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32282412
DO  - 10.2106/JBJS.20.00454
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Life in the Time of COVID-19
AU  - Roberts, William O.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Curr Sports Med Rep
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32282455
DO  - 10.1249/JSR.0000000000000708
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Attending to the Emotional Well-Being of the Health Care Workforce in a New York City Health System During the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Ripp, Jonathan
AU  - Peccoralo, Lauren
AU  - Charney, Dennis
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 pandemic has placed an enormous strain on health care workers, and its potential impact has implications for the physical and emotional well-being of the work force. As hospital systems run far over capacity, facing possible shortages of critical care medical resources and personal protective equipment as well as clinician deaths, the psychological stressors necessitate a strong well-being support model for staff. At the Mount Sinai Health System (MSHS) in New York City, health care workers have been heroically providing front-line care to COVID-19 patients while facing their own appropriate fears for their personal safety in the setting of contagion. This moral obligation cannot be burdened by unacceptable risks; the health system's full support is required to address the needs of its workforce.In this Invited Commentary, the authors describe how an MSHS Employee, Faculty, and Trainee Crisis Support Task Force-created in early March 2020 and composed of behavioral health, human resources, and well-being leaders from across the health system-used a rapid needs assessment model to capture the concerns of the workforce related to the COVID-19 pandemic. The task force identified 3 priority areas central to promoting and maintaining the well-being of the entire MSHS workforce during the pandemic: meeting basic daily needs; enhancing communications for delivery of current, reliable, and reassuring messages; and developing robust psychosocial and mental health support options. Using a work group strategy, the task force operationalized the roll-out of support initiatives for each priority area. Attending to the emotional well-being of health care workers has emerged as a central element in the MSHS COVID-19 response, which continues to be committed to the physical and emotional needs of a workforce that courageously faces this crisis.
JO  - Acad Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32282344
DO  - 10.1097/ACM.0000000000003414
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Study on treatment of "cytokine storm" by anti-2019-nCoV prescriptions based on arachidonic acid metabolic pathway]
AU  - Ren, Yue
AU  - Yao, Mei-Cun
AU  - Huo, Xiao-Qian
AU  - Gu, Yu
AU  - Zhu, Wei-Xing
AU  - Qiao, Yan-Jiang
AU  - Zhang, Yan-Ling
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since the outbreak of 2019-nCoV, the epidemic has developed rapidly and the situation is grim. LANCET figured out that the 2019-nCoV is closely related to &quot;cytokine storm&quot;. &quot;Cytokine storm&quot; is an excessive immune response of the body to external stimuli such as viruses and bacteria. As the virus attacking the body, it stimulates the secretion of a large number of inflammatory factors: interleukin(IL), interferon(IFN), C-X-C motif chemokine(CXCL) and so on, which lead to cytokine cascade reaction. With the exudation of inflammatory factors, cytokines increase abnormally in tissues and organs, interfering with the immune system, causing excessive immune response of the body, resulting in diffuse damage of lung cells, pulmonary fibrosis, and multiple organ damage, even death. Arachidonic acid(AA) metabolic pathway is principally used to synthesize inflammatory cytokines, such as monocyte chemotactic protein 1(MCP-1), tumor necrosis factor(TNF), IL, IFN, etc., which is closely related to the occurrence, development and regression of inflammation. Therefore, the inhibition of AA metabolism pathway is benefit for inhibiting the release of inflammatory factors in the body and alleviating the &quot;cytokine storm&quot;. Based on the pharmacophore models of the targets on AA metabolic pathway, the traditional Chinese medicine database 2009(TCMD 2009) was screened. The potential herbs were ranked by the number of hit molecules, which were scored by pharmacophore fit value. In the end, we obtained the potential active prescriptions on &quot;cytokine storm&quot; according to the potential herbs in the &quot;National novel coronavirus pneumonia diagnosis and treatment plan(trial version sixth)&quot;. The results showed that the hit components with the inhibitory effect on AA were magnolignan , lonicerin and physcion-8-O-beta-D-glucopy-ranoside, which mostly extracted from Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, Lonicerae Japonicae Flos, Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Scutellariae Radix, Gardeniae Fructus, Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, Arctii Fructus, Dryopteridis Crassirhizomatis Rhizoma, Paeoniaeradix Rubra, Dioscoreae Rhizoma. Finally the anti-2019-nCoV prescriptions were analyzed to obtain the potential active prescriptions on AA metabolic pathway, Huoxiang Zhengqi Capsules, Jinhua Qinggan Granules, Lianhua Qingwen Capsules, Qingfei Paidu Decoction, Xuebijing Injection, Reduning Injection and Tanreqing Injection were found that may prevent 2019-nCoV via regulate cytokines. This study intends to provide reference for clinical use of traditional Chinese medicine to resist new coronavirus.
JO  - Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32281329
DO  - 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20200224.405
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - What's Old is New! Similarities Between SARS-CoV-2 and HIV
AU  - Relf, Michael V.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32282428
DO  - 10.1097/JNC.0000000000000174
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic
AU  - Rampal, L.
AU  - Liew, B. S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - No abstract provided.
JO  - Med J Malaysia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32281587
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Determining Urgent/Emergent status of Gastrointestinal (GI) Endoscopic Procedures in an Ambulatory Care Setting during the Coronavirus Disease of 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic: Additional Factors that need to be considered
AU  - Rah, Kang H.
AU  - Platovsky, Anna
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Anesth Analg
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32282390
DO  - 10.1213/ANE.0000000000004861
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - End-of-life decisions and care in the midst of a global coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic
AU  - Pattison, Natalie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Intensive Crit Care Nurs
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32280052
DO  - 10.1016/j.iccn.2020.102862
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in Children in the United States: Intensive Care Admissions, Estimated Total Infected, and Projected Numbers of Severe Pediatric Cases in 2020
AU  - Pathak, Elizabeth Barnett
AU  - Salemi, Jason L.
AU  - Sobers, Natasha
AU  - Menard, Janelle
AU  - Hambleton, Ian R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - IMPORTANCE: A surge in severe cases of COVID-19 in children would present unique challenges for hospitals and public health preparedness efforts in the United States. OBJECTIVE: To provide evidence-based estimates of children infected with SARS-CoV-2 and projected cumulative numbers of severely ill pediatric COVID-19 cases requiring hospitalization during the US 2020 pandemic. DESIGN: Empirical case projection study MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES:: Adjusted pediatric severity proportions and adjusted pediatric criticality proportions were derived from clinical and spatiotemporal modelling studies of the COVID-19 epidemic in China for the period Jan-Feb 2020. Estimates of total children infected with SARS-CoV-2 in the US through April 6, 2020 were calculated using US pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) cases and the adjusted pediatric criticality proportion. Projected numbers of severely and critically ill children with COVID-19 were derived by applying the adjusted severity and criticality proportions to US population data, under several scenarios of cumulative pediatric infection proportion (CPIP). RESULTS: By April 6, 2020, there were 74 children who had been reported admitted to PICUs in 19 states, reflecting an estimated 176 190 children nationwide infected with SARS-CoV-2 (52 381 infants and toddlers <2 years, 42 857 children 2-11 years, and 80 952 children 12-17 years). Under a CPIP scenario of 5%, there would be 3.7 million children infected with SARS-CoV-2, 9907 severely ill children requiring hospitalization, and 1086 critically ill children requiring PICU admission. Under a CPIP scenario of 50%, 10 865 children would require PICU admission, 99 073 would require hospitalization for severe pneumonia, and 37.0 million would be infected with SARS-CoV-2. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Because there are 74.0 million children 0-17 years old in the US, the projected numbers of severe cases could overwhelm available pediatric hospital care resources under several moderate CPIP scenarios, despite lower severity of COVID-19 in children than in adults.
JO  - J Public Health Manag Pract
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32282440
DO  - 10.1097/PHH.0000000000001190
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Analysis on pattern of prescriptions and syndromes of traditional Chinese medicine for prevention and treatment of COVID-19]
AU  - Pang, Wen-Tai
AU  - Jin, Xin-Yao
AU  - Pang, Bo
AU  - Yang, Feng-Wen
AU  - Wang, Hui
AU  - Liu, Chun-Xiang
AU  - Zheng, Wen-Ke
AU  - Zhang, Jun-Hua
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - To investigate the regularity of prescription and clinical syndromes by analyzing the diagnosis and treatment protocols of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) for coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19), so as to provide references for syndrome differentiation and relevant researches. The diagnosis and treatment protocols of COVID-19 published by national and regional health authorities were searched, and information was extracted in regard to disease stages, type of syndromes, and prescriptions, etc. Frequency statistics and relative analysis were used to analyze the rule of syndrome differentiation and prescription with TCM, and further discussion on the pathogenesis and progress of the disease. A total of 26 diagnosis and treatment protocols of TCM for COVID-19 were retrieved after screening(including 1 national scheme and 25 regional ones), among which 16 contained aspects of both prevention and treatment, 7 only involved treatment contents and 3 were prevention schemes. The courses of COVID-19 can be divided into early stage, middle stage, severe stage and recovery stage. The pathogeny of COVID-19 in TCM is damp-toxin, with the core pathogenesis of damp-toxin retention in lung and Qi repression. Its pathological features can be summarized as &quot;damp, toxin, obstruction, deficiency&quot;. The location of the disease is lung, always involving spleen and stomach, and may further affect heart and kidney in severe cases. The major treatments for each course are Fanghua Shizuo, Xuanfei Touxie(early stage); Qingre Jiedu, Xuanxie Feire(middle stage); Kaibi Gutuo, Huiyang Jiuni(severe stage); Qingjie Yure, Yiqi Yangyin(recovery stage). There were many diagnosis and treatment protocols for COVID-19 have been published, which generally followed the national edition, through with certain personalities in different regional protocols. There were common features with respect to the disease stage, syndrome differentiation, therapeutic principles and methods, as well as prescriptions; the treatment were generally carried out against the core pathogenesis and progress of the disease. Along with the deepening recognition of COVID-19, the diagnosis and treatment protocols are still need further concretization and standardization. We hope researchers and decision-makers can pay more attention to the treatment of Huayu Tongluo in severe and recovery period.
JO  - Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32281331
DO  - 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20200218.502
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Rapid establishment of traditional Chinese medicine prevention and treatment of 2019-nCoV based on clinical experience and molecular docking]
AU  - Niu, Ming
AU  - Wang, Rui-Lin
AU  - Wang, Zhong-Xia
AU  - Zhang, Ping
AU  - Bai, Zhao-Fang
AU  - Jing, Jing
AU  - Guo, Yu-Ming
AU  - Zhao, Xu
AU  - Zhan, Xiao-Yan
AU  - Zhang, Zi-Teng
AU  - Song, Xue-Ai
AU  - Qin, En-Qiang
AU  - Wang, Jia-Bo
AU  - Xiao, Xiao-He
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) is raging in China and more than 20 other countries and regions since the middle of December 2019. Currently, there is no specific drug or vaccine besides symptomatic supportive therapy. Taking full advantage of the clinical experience of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) in preventing and controlling major epidemics such as SARS, it is an important mission for TCM to propose effective formula with immediate response and solid evidence by using modern biomedical knowledge and techniques(molecular docking assisted TCM formulation for short). In view of the high homology between the gene sequences of the novel coronavirus and SARS virus, and the similarities between the two in terms of pathogenic mechanism and clinical manifestations, our team established a rapid screening and optimization model for the prevention and treatment of the novel coronavirus based on clinical experience and molecular docking technology. Firstly, the clinical team and the research team pre-developed and screened TCM formula by using &quot;back-to-back&quot; manner. Then, the formula was optimized and determined by comparing and analyzing the results of the two groups. The results showed that the research team screened out 46 active ingredients from candidate TCMs that could act on the novel coronavirus S-protein-binding site of human ACE2 protein, which were mainly attributed to 7 herbs such as Lonicerae Japonicae Flos and Mori Folium. The result was largely consistent with the formula raised by the clinical group, verifying and supporting its rationality. This provides evidence for the scientific and potential efficacy of the TCM prescription from the perspective of treatment target analysis, and also suggests that the TCM prescription has the potential to directly inhibit viral infection in addition to improving clinical symptoms or syndromes. Based on this, our team optimized and formed a new anti-coronavirus TCM prescription &quot;Keguan Yihao&quot;, immediately providing the TCM prescription with certain clinical experience and objective evidence support for the prevention and treatment of new emergent infectious diseases in our hospital. The TCM prescription was combined with modern medicine symptomatic supportive treatment for clinical treatment, preliminary results showed better effect than symptomatic supportive therapy alone. This research has innovated the method mode in clinical practice and basic research integration of traditional Chinese medicine for the prevention and control of new emerging infectious diseases. It is of great significance to further improve the rapid response mechanism of TCM in face of major epidemics, and further improve the capability level of TCM to prevent and treat new emerging infectious diseases.
JO  - Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32281327
DO  - 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20200206.501
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Rapid COVID-19-related Clinical Adaptations and Unanticipated Risks
AU  - Schrock, Charles R.
AU  - Montana, Michael C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Anesthesiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32282425
DO  - 10.1097/ALN.0000000000003333
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Perfusion's Role in Responding to the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Schiess, Justin G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Extra Corpor Technol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32280138
DO  - 10.1182/ject-521guested
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Provider Burnout and Fatigue During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Lessons Learned from a High-Volume Intensive Care Unit
AU  - Sasangohar, Farzan
AU  - Jones, Stephen L.
AU  - Masud, Faisal N.
AU  - Vahidy, Farhaan S.
AU  - Kash, Bita A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Anesth Analg
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32282389
DO  - 10.1213/ANE.0000000000004866
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Can Hepatitis A Vaccine Provide Protection Against COVID-19?
AU  - Sarialioglu, Faik
AU  - Belen Apak, Fatma Burcu
AU  - Haberal, Mehmet
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Exp Clin Transplant
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32279655
DO  - 10.6002/ect.2020.0109
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cancer Center Recommendations to Mitigate COVID-19 Impact in Patients With Cancer: Low-Resource Settings Version
AU  - Pino, Luis
AU  - Perez, Carlos
AU  - Cardona, Andres
AU  - Triana, Ivan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JCO Glob Oncol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32282234
DO  - 10.1200/GO.20.00093
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Study on screening potential traditional Chinese medicines against 2019-nCoV based on Mpro and PLP]
AU  - Ma, Jing
AU  - Huo, Xiao-Qian
AU  - Chen, Xi
AU  - Zhu, Wei-Xing
AU  - Yao, Mei-Cun
AU  - Qiao, Yan-Jiang
AU  - Zhang, Yan-Ling
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - With the rapid outbreak of COVID-19, traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) has been playing an active role against the epidemic. However, the screening of TCM is limited by the development cycle and laboratory conditions, which greatly limits the screening speed. This study established optimization docking models and virtual screening to discovery potential active herbs for the prevention and treatment of the novel coronavirus based on molecular docking technology. The crystal structures of 3 CL protease(Mpro) and papain-like protease(PLP) were obtained from PDB database and homologous modeling respectively, and were used to conduct virtual screening of TCMD 2009 database by CDOCKER program. The ingredients scored in the top 100 were selected respectively, and the candidate herbs were ranked by the numbers of hit molecules. Based on Mpro inhibitors screening, 12 322 potential active components were obtained, and the representative active components included aster pentapeptide A, ligustrazine, salvianolic acid B, etc., and Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, Asteris Radix et Rhizoma, Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma, Chuanxiong Rhizoma, Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Zingiberis Rhizoma, Dianthi Herba, Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, Cistanches Herba were obtained. While 11 294 potential active ingredients were obtained by PLP inhibitor screening, representative active ingredients included gingerketophenol, ginkgol alcohol, ferulic acid, etc., and Codonopsis Radix, Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix, Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, Ginkgo Semen, Chuanxiong Rhizoma, Trichosanthis Fructus, Paeoniae Radix Alba, Psoraleae Fructus, Sophorae Flavescentis Radix, Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma, Angelicae Sinensis Radix were chosen. By combining the diagnosis and treatment scheme of Hunan province's and angiotensin converting enzyme 2(ACE2) inhibitors screening from literature, present study also discussed the rational application of candidate herbs to this epidemic situation. Trichosanthis Fructus obtained by PLP inhibitors screening and Fritillaria verticillata obtained by ACE2 inhibitors screening were parts of the Sangbei Zhisou Powder and Xiaoxianxiong Decoction, which might be applicable to the syndromes of cough and dyspnea. Rhei Radix et Rhizoma screened by Mpro and Trichosanthis Fructus screened by PLP were contained in Maxing Shigan Decoction and Xuanbai Chengqi Decoction, and could be applied to the syndromes of epidemic virus blocking lung. Mori Folium, Lonicerae Japonicae Flos and Forsythiae Fructus obtained by ACE2 inhibitors screening were included in the Sangju Decoction and Yinqiaosan, which might be applicable to the syndromes of warm pathogen attacking lung and cough and dyspnea. The results of this study are intended to provide a reference for the further development of traditional Chinese medicine to deal with the new epidemic.
JO  - Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32281328
DO  - 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20200216.401
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - What's Important: What Is Our Role in the COVID-19 Pandemic?
AU  - Lockey, Stephen D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Bone Joint Surg Am
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32282413
DO  - 10.2106/JBJS.20.00444
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chronic liver disease is not associated with severity or mortality in Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a pooled analysis
AU  - Lippi, Giuseppe
AU  - de Oliveira, Maria Helena Santos
AU  - Henry, Brandon Michael
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32282549
DO  - 10.1097/MEG.0000000000001742
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Strategy of pharmaceutical care services for clinical Chinese pharmacists in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)]
AU  - Lin, Zhi-Jian
AU  - Zhang, Bing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) seriously endangers people's health. Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) has been recommended for the treatment of COVID-19 in Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Prevention and Control Strategy, which have made outstanding contributions to the prevention and control of the epidemic. The wide application of Chinese medicine asked the pharmacists and doctors, nurses, and medical technicians in Wuhan and around the country to stand on the front line of COVID-19 treatment, and provide pharmaceutical care services, which has effectively guaranteed the safety and rational use of Chinese medicine. This article will introduce the TCM cognition of the COVID-19, analyze the clinical application of Chinese medicine and the entry point of pharmaceutical care, and clarify that clinical Chinese pharmacists can participate in making medication therapy plan, medication reconciliation, and prescription review, promoting rational drug use, pharmaceutical monitoring, and drug risk management. The participation of clinical Chinese pharmacists in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 is conducive to improving the level of rational use of TCM, by ensuring the effectiveness, and safety.
JO  - Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32281334
DO  - 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20200211.501
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Staying active in isolation: Telerehabilitation for individuals with the SARS-CoV-2 infection
AU  - Mukaino, Masahiko
AU  - Tatemoto, Tsuyoshi
AU  - Kumazawa, Nobuhiro
AU  - Tanabe, Shigeo
AU  - Kato, Masaki
AU  - Saitoh, Eiichi
AU  - Otaka, Yohei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Am J Phys Med Rehabil
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32282339
DO  - 10.1097/PHM.0000000000001441
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Orthopaedic Education During the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Kogan, Monica
AU  - Klein, Sandra E.
AU  - Hannon, Charles P.
AU  - Nolte, Michael T.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 global pandemic presents a challenge to orthopaedic education. Around the world, including in the United States, elective surgeries are being deferred, and orthopaedic residents and fellows are being asked to make drastic changes to their daily routines. In the midst of these changes are unique opportunities for resident/fellow growth and development. Educational tools in the form of web-based learning, surgical simulators, and basic competency tests may serve an important role. Challenges are inevitable, but appropriate preparation may help programs ensure continued resident growth, development, and well-being, while maintaining high quality patient care.
JO  - J Am Acad Orthop Surg
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32282439
DO  - 10.5435/JAAOS-D-20-00292
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - One Academic Health System's Early (and Ongoing) Experience Responding to COVID-19: Recommendations From the Initial Epicenter of the Pandemic in the United States
AU  - Kim, Christopher S.
AU  - Lynch, John B.
AU  - Cohen, Seth
AU  - Neme, Santiago
AU  - Staiger, Thomas O.
AU  - Evans, Laura
AU  - Pergam, Steven A.
AU  - Liu, Catherine
AU  - Bryson-Cahn, Chloe
AU  - Dellit, Timothy H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - On January 19, 2020, the first case of a patient with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the United States was reported in Washington State. On February 29, 2020, a patient infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) passed away in a hospital in Seattle-King County, the first reported COVID-19-related death in the United States. That same day, a skilled nursing and rehabilitation facility in the county reported that several of its residents tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 and that many staff had symptoms compatible with COVID-19.The University of Washington Medicine health system (UW Medicine), which is based in Seattle-King County and provides quaternary care for the region, was one of several health care organizations called upon to address this growing crisis. What ensued was a series of swiftly enacted decisions and activities at UW Medicine, in partnership with local, state, and national public health agencies, to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic. Tapping into the multipronged mission areas of academic medicine, UW Medicine worked to support the community, innovate in science and clinical practice, lead policy and practice guideline development, and adopt changes as the crisis unfolded. In doing so, health system leaders had to balance their commitments to students, residents and fellows, researchers, faculty, staff, and hospital and health center entities, while ensuring that patients continued to receive cutting edge, high-quality, safe care. In this Invited Commentary, the authors highlight the work and challenges UW Medicine has faced in responding to the global COVID-19 pandemic.
JO  - Acad Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32282371
DO  - 10.1097/ACM.0000000000003410
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - What We Know So Far (As of March 26, 2020) About COVID-19-An MRT Point of View
AU  - Huang, Shao Hui
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Med Imaging Radiat Sci
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32279977
DO  - 10.1016/j.jmir.2020.03.004
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Taipei Azalea - Supraglottic airways (SGA) preassembled with high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters to simplify prehospital airway management for patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCA) during Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic
AU  - Hou, Sheng-Wen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Resuscitation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32283118
DO  - 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2020.03.021
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 - Considerations for the paediatric rheumatologist
AU  - Hedrich, Christian M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV2 is a threat to the health and well-being of millions of lifes across the globe. A significant proportion of adult patients require hospitalisation and may develop severe life-threatening complications. Children, on the other hand, can carry and transmit the virus, but usually do not develop severe disease. Mortality in the paediatric age-group is relatively low. Differences in virus containment and clearance, as well as reduced inflammation-related tissue and organ damage may be caused by age-specific environmental and host factors. Since severe complications in adults are frequently caused by uncontrolled immune responses and a resulting "cytokine storm" that may be controlled by targeted blockade of cytokines, previously established treatment with immunosuppressive treatments may indeed protect children from complications.
JO  - Clin Immunol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32283324
DO  - 10.1016/j.clim.2020.108420
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical and computed tomographic (CT) images characteristics in the patients with COVID-19 infection: What should radiologists need to know?
AU  - Lei, Pinggui
AU  - Huang, Zhaoshu
AU  - Liu, Guoli
AU  - Wang, Pingxian
AU  - Song, Wen
AU  - Mao, Jujiang
AU  - Shen, Guiquan
AU  - Zhou, Shi
AU  - Qian, Wei
AU  - Jiao, Jun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical and computed tomographic (CT) features in the patients with COVID-19 pneumonia confirmed by the real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) amplification of the viral DNA from a sputum sample. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Clinical information and CT findings of a total of 14 patients with COVID-19 infection (age range, 12-83 years; females 6) were analyzed retrospectively. The clinical information includes the history of exposure, laboratory results, and the symptoms (such as fever, cough, headache, etc.); CT findings of chest include the extension and distribution of lesion, the ground-glass opacity (GGO), consolidation, bronchovascular enlarged, irregular linear appearances, pleural effusion, and lymphadenopathy. RESULTS: Eight patients had the exposure history for recent travel to Wuhan of Hubei province (8/14, 57%), 6 had the exposure to patients with COVID-19 infection. Significant statistical differences were observed in lymphocyte percentage decreased and C-reactive protein elevated (p = 0.015). Seven patients had fever, 7 had cough, 2 had headache, 3 had fatigue, 1 had body soreness, 3 had diarrhea, and 2 had no obvious symptoms. In chest CT examination, 10 patients were positive (10/14, 71.43%). Among these patients, 9 had lesions involving both lungs (9/10, 90%), 8 had lesions involving 4 to 5 lobes (8/10, 80%). Most of lesions were distributed peripherally and the most significant lesions were observed in the right lower lobe in 9 patients (9/10, 90%). Nodules were observed in 5 patients (5/10, 50%); GGO, consolidation, and bronchovascular enlarged were shown in 9 patients (9/10, 90%); irregular linear appearances were revealed in 7 patients (7/10, 70%); and pleural effusions were exhibited in 2 patients (2/10, 20%). Last, no patients showed lymphadenopathy. CONCLUSION: There were some typical CT features for diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia. The radiologists should know these CT findings and clinical information, which could help for accurate analysis in the patients with 2019 novel coronavirus infection.
JO  - J Xray Sci Technol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32280076
DO  - 10.3233/XST-200670
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A carton-made protective shield for suspicious/confirmed COVID-19 intubation and extubation during surgery
AU  - Lai, Yu Yung
AU  - Chang, Chia Ming
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Anesth Analg
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32282387
DO  - 10.1213/ANE.0000000000004869
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: Is a paradigm change to be expected in health care and transfusion medicine?
AU  - Garraud, O.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Transfus Clin Biol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32280061
DO  - 10.1016/j.tracli.2020.03.005
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Case of COVID-19 Pneumonia in a Young Male with Full Body Rash as a Presenting Symptom
AU  - Hunt, Madison
AU  - Koziatek, Christian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: In December 2019 the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, was identified in Wuhan, China. In the ensuing months, the COVID-19 pandemic has spread globally and case load is exponentially increasing across the United States. Emergency departments have adopted screening and triage procedures to identify potential cases and isolate them during evaluation. CASE PRESENTATION: We describe a case of COVID-19 pneumonia requiring hospitalization that presented with fever and extensive rash as the primary presenting symptoms. Rash has only been rarely reported in COVID-19 patients, and has not been previously described.
JO  - Clin Pract Cases Emerg Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32282312
DO  - 10.5811/cpcem.2020.3.47349
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Analysis of property and efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine in staging revention and treatment of coronavirus disease 2019]
AU  - Gu, Min
AU  - Liu, Jiao
AU  - Shi, Nan-Nan
AU  - Li, Xiao-Dong
AU  - Huang, Zheng-de
AU  - Wu, Jian-Kun
AU  - Wang, Yu-Guang
AU  - Wang, Yan-Ping
AU  - Zhai, Hua-Qiang
AU  - Wang, Yong-Yan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) triggered a severe and complicated epidemic situation, and it is of great significance to discuss the rules and characteristics of the prescription of COVID-19 in traditional Chinese medicine. This study collected prevention and treatment approaches of traditional Chinese medicine for COVID-19 released from the National Health Committee of China, 7 provinces and municipal health committees, the Chinese Medicine Administration and Handbook of Traditional Chinese Medicine Diagnosis and Treatment of COVID-19 between January 1 and February 18, 2020, and prescriptions prepared by 3 masters of Chinese medicine and 4 well-known Chinese medicine experts. These information were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and EpiData 3.0 software was used to establish the &quot;Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription Library for the Prevention and Treatment of COVID-19&quot; and the &quot;Common Database of Traditional Chinese Medicine for the Prevention and Treatment of COVID-19&quot;. A total of 93 effective Chinese medicine prescriptions and a total of 157 kinds of constituent medicines were collected. Data analysis was performed by SPSS 18.0 software. The results showed that: 1 in circlemost of the medicines are with cold and warm properties, 69 with cold medicines, accounting for 43.95%, 57 with warm medicines, accounting for 36.31%, and less with hot medicines, taking up 1.27%; 2 in circlethere are many pungent, bitter and sweet medicines, and the distribution of medicinal flavors is different at different disease stage. The pungent medicines are mostly found in the early stage, the bitter drugs are the main flavor in the middle and severe stage, and the sweet medicines are mostly used in the recovery stage; 3 in circlethe meridian of the drug is more concentrated at the lung, stomach, and heart, and most of drugs are into the lung meridian, accounting for 24.55%; these medicines are mostly into the lungs and stomach in the initial and middle stages, and into the heart and kidney in severe stages; 4 in circleoral drugs are mostly non-toxic, among which only 6 kinds are toxic, namely Armeniacae Semen Amarum, Dryopteridis Crassirhizomatis Rhizoma, Paridis Rhizoma, Pinelliae Rhizoma, Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparaia; most of the drugs have five types of functions: treating exterior syndromes, resolving dampness, clearing heat, replenishing deficiency, resolving phlegm, cough, and asthma. In the early stage, both drugs for treating exterior syndromes and heat clearing drugs were equally used, accounting for 18.81% each. In the middle stage, drugs resolving phlegm, cough, and asthma drugs are more often used, accounting for 29.61%. In the severe stage, heat clearing drugs are mostly used, accounting for 33.33%. During the recovery period, tonic deficiency drugs are used the most, accounting for 36.47%. The medical characteristics and efficacy of Chinese medicine in preventing and treating COVID-19 are closely related to the understanding of the etiology of Chinese medicine and the location and pathogenesis of the disease. Staged medication and local conditions need attention during the identification and treatment of COVID-19 clinical syndromes.
JO  - Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32281333
DO  - 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20200225.501
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 - A Guide to Rapid Implementation of Telehealth Services: A Playbook for the Pediatric Gastroenterologist
AU  - Berg, Elizabeth A.
AU  - Picoraro, Joseph A.
AU  - Miller, Steven D.
AU  - Srinath, Arvind
AU  - Franciosi, James P.
AU  - Hayes, Christopher E.
AU  - Farrell, Peter R.
AU  - Cole, Conrad R.
AU  - LeLeiko, Neal S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32282628
DO  - 10.1097/MPG.0000000000002749
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) CT Findings: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
AU  - Bao, Cuiping
AU  - Liu, Xuehuan
AU  - Zhang, Han
AU  - Li, Yiming
AU  - Liu, Jun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - PURPOSE: To date, considerable knowledge gaps remain regarding the chest CT imaging features of COVID-19. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of results from published studies to date to provide a summary of evidence on detection of COVID-19 by chest CT and the expected CT imaging manifestations. METHODS: Studies were identified by searching PubMed database for articles published between December 2019 and February 2020. Pooled CT positive rate of COVID-19 and pooled incidence of CT imaging findings were estimated using a random-effect model. RESULTS: A total of 13 studies met inclusion criteria. The pooled positive rate of the CT imaging was 89.76% and 90.35% when only including thin-section chest CT. Typical CT signs were ground glass opacities (83.31%), ground glass opacities with mixed consolidation (58.42%), adjacent pleura thickening (52.46%), interlobular septal thickening (48.46%), and air bronchograms (46.46%). Other CT signs included crazy paving pattern (14.81%), pleural effusion (5.88%), bronchiectasis (5.42%), pericardial effusion (4.55%), and lymphadenopathy (3.38%). The most anatomic distributions were bilateral lung infection (78.2%) and peripheral distribution (76.95%). The incidences were highest in the right lower lobe (87.21%), left lower lobe (81.41%), and bilateral lower lobes (65.22%). The right upper lobe (65.22%), right middle lobe (54.95%), and left upper lobe (69.43%) were also commonly involved. The incidence of bilateral upper lobes was 60.87%. A considerable proportion of patients had three or more lobes involved (70.81%). CONCLUSIONS: The detection of COVID-19 chest CT imaging is very high among symptomatic individuals at high risk, especially using thin-section chest CT. The most common CT features in patients affected by COVID-19 included ground glass opacities and consolidation involving the bilateral lungs in a peripheral distribution.
JO  - J Am Coll Radiol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32283052
DO  - 10.1016/j.jacr.2020.03.006
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Peri-operative Considerations in Urgent Surgical Care of Suspected and Confirmed COVID-19 Orthopedic Patients: Operating rooms protocols and recommendations in the Current COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Awad, Mohamed E.
AU  - Rumley, Jacob C. L.
AU  - Vazquez, Jose A.
AU  - Devine, John G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - By April 7, 2020, SARS-CoV-2 was responsible for 1,383,436 confirmed cases of COVID-19, involving 209 countries around the world; 378,881 cases have been confirmed in the United States. During this pandemic, the urgent surgical requirements will not stop. As an example, the most recent CDC reports estimate that there are 2.8 million trauma patients hospitalized in the United States. These data illustrate an increase in the likelihood of encountering urgent surgical patients with either clinically suspected or confirmed COVID-19 in the near future. Preparation for a pandemic involves considering the different levels in the hierarchy of controls as well as the different phases of the pandemic. Apart from the fact that this pandemic certainly involves many important health, economic and community ramifications, it also requires several initiatives to mandate what measures are most appropriate to prepare for mitigating the occupational risks. This article provides evidence-based recommendations and measures for the appropriate personal protective equipment for different clinical and surgical activities in various settings. To reduce the occupational risk in treating suspected or confirmed COVID-19 urgent orthopaedic patients, recommended precautions and preventive actions (triage area, ED consultation room, induction room, operating room, and recovery room) are reviewed.
JO  - J Am Acad Orthop Surg
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32282441
DO  - 10.5435/JAAOS-D-20-00227
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Laparoscopy at all costs? Not now during COVID-19 and not for acute care surgery and emergency colorectal surgery: a practical algorithm from a Hub Tertiary teaching hospital in Northern Lombardy, Italy
AU  - Di Saverio, Salomone
AU  - Khan, Mansoor
AU  - Pata, Francesco
AU  - Ietto, Giuseppe
AU  - De Simone, Belinda
AU  - Zani, Elia
AU  - Carcano, Giulio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Trauma Acute Care Surg
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32282750
DO  - 10.1097/TA.0000000000002727
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 as a factor influencing air pollution?
AU  - Dutheil, Frederic
AU  - Baker, Julien S.
AU  - Navel, Valentin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Environ Pollut
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32283458
DO  - 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114466
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Bioethical Perspective for Navigating Moral Dilemmas Amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Dunham, Alexandra M.
AU  - Rieder, Travis N.
AU  - Humbyrd, Casey J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Am Acad Orthop Surg
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32282442
DO  - 10.5435/JAAOS-D-20-00371
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cardiovascular Considerations in Treating Patients with Coronavirus (COVID-19)
AU  - Dixon, Dave L.
AU  - Van Tassell, Benjamin W.
AU  - Vecchie, Alessandra
AU  - Bonaventura, Aldo
AU  - Talasaz, Azita
AU  - Kakavand, Hesam
AU  - D'Ascenzo, Fabrizio
AU  - Perciaccante, Antonio
AU  - Castagno, Davide
AU  - Ammirati, Enrico
AU  - Biondi-Zoccai, Giuseppe
AU  - Stevens, Michael
AU  - Abbate, Antonio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A novel betacoronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has spread rapidly across the globe since December 2019. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has a significantly higher mortality rate than seasonal influenza and has disproportionately affected older adults, especially those with cardiovascular disease and related risk factors. Adverse cardiovascular sequalae, such has myocarditis, acute myocardial infarction, and heart failure, have been reported in patients with COVID-19. No established treatment is currently available; however, several therapies, including remdesivir, hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine, and interleukin (IL)-6 inhibitors, are being used off-label and evaluated in ongoing clinical trials. Considering these therapies are not familiar to cardiovascular clinicians managing these patients, this review describes the pharmacology of these therapies in the context of their use in patients with cardiovascular-related conditions.
JO  - J Cardiovasc Pharmacol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32282502
DO  - 10.1097/FJC.0000000000000836
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Early nutritional supplementation in non-critically ill patients hospitalized for the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19): Rationale and feasibility of a shared pragmatic protocol
AU  - Caccialanza, Riccardo
AU  - Laviano, Alessandro
AU  - Lobascio, Federica
AU  - Montagna, Elisabetta
AU  - Bruno, Raffaele
AU  - Ludovisi, Serena
AU  - Corsico, Angelo Guido
AU  - Di Sabatino, Antonio
AU  - Belliato, Mirko
AU  - Calvi, Monica
AU  - Iacona, Isabella
AU  - Grugnetti, Giuseppina
AU  - Bonadeo, Elisa
AU  - Muzzi, Alba
AU  - Cereda, Emanuele
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVES: Beginning in December 2019, the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has caused a pneumonia epidemic that began in Wuhan, China, and is rapidly spreading throughout the whole world. Italy is the hardest hit country after China. Considering the deleterious consequences of malnutrition, which certainly can affect patients with COVID-19, the aim of this article is to present a pragmatic protocol for early nutritional supplementation of non-critically ill patients hospitalized for COVID-19 disease. It is based on the observation that most patients present at admission with severe inflammation and anorexia leading to a drastic reduction of food intake, and that a substantial percentage develops respiratory failure requiring non-invasive ventilation or even continuous positive airway pressure. METHODS: High-calorie dense diets in a variety of different consistencies with highly digestible foods and snacks are available for all patients. Oral supplementation of whey proteins as well as intravenous infusion of multivitamin, multimineral trace elements solutions are implemented at admission. In the presence of 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficit, cholecalciferol is promptly supplied. If nutritional risk is detected, two to three bottles of protein-calorie oral nutritional supplements (ONS) are provided. If <2 bottles/d of ONS are consumed for 2 consecutive days and/or respiratory conditions are worsening, supplemental/total parenteral nutrition is prescribed. CONCLUSION: We are aware that our straight approach may be debatable. However, to cope with the current emergency crisis, its aim is to promptly and pragmatically implement nutritional care in patients with COVID-19, which might be overlooked despite being potentially beneficial to clinical outcomes and effective in preventing the consequences of malnutrition in this patient population.
JO  - Nutrition
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32280058
DO  - 10.1016/j.nut.2020.110835
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - EU science chief defends record after ouster over coronavirus plans
AU  - Wallace, Nicholas
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Last week’s noisy resignation of Mauro Ferrari as president of the €2.2 billion European Research Council (ERC)—the European Union’s foremost funder of basic research—revealed a rift over its approach to research on the coronavirus pandemic. Ferrari’s departure, just 3 months into the job, also showed the limits of an ERC president’s power to influence the course of a funding agency that prides itself on its independence. On 7 April, the same day Ferrari stepped down as ERC president and chair of its Scientific Council, he released a statement to the Financial Times, saying he had “lost faith in the system” and was upset by ERC’s unwillingness to set up a “special program” to address the COVID-19 pandemic. But the next day, the 19 other members of the science council hit back. In a sharp statement, the council said Ferrari “displayed a complete lack of appreciation for the raison d’être of the ERC.” It also suggested that Ferrari had neglected his duties to attend to personal projects in the United States. It said the council unanimously called for his resignation on 27 March.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abc2510
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/04/eu-science-chief-defends-record-after-ouster-over-coronavirus-plans
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Ending coronavirus lockdowns will be a dangerous process of trial and error
AU  - Kupferschmidt, Kai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The world is holding its breath. After the novel coronavirus made its way from China around the world, one country after another adopted harsh measures to stop SARS-CoV-2 from spreading and overwhelming hospitals. They have hit the pause button on their economies and their citizens’ lives, stopping sports events, religious services, and other social gatherings. School closures in 188 countries affect more than 1.5 billion students. Borders are closed and businesses shuttered. While some countries are still seeing daily case numbers increase, others—first in Asia but increasingly in Europe—have managed to bend the curve, slowing the transmission of COVID-19.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abc2507
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/04/ending-coronavirus-lockdowns-will-be-dangerous-process-trial-and-error
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Projecting the transmission dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 through the postpandemic period
AU  - Kissler, Stephen M.
AU  - Tedijanto, Christine
AU  - Goldstein, Edward
AU  - Grad, Yonatan H.
AU  - Lipsitch, Marc
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - It is urgent to understand the future of severe acute respiratory syndrome–coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission. We used estimates of seasonality, immunity, and cross-immunity for betacoronaviruses OC43 and HKU1 from time series data from the USA to inform a model of SARS-CoV-2 transmission. We projected that recurrent wintertime outbreaks of SARS-CoV-2 will probably occur after the initial, most severe pandemic wave. Absent other interventions, a key metric for the success of social distancing is whether critical care capacities are exceeded. To avoid this, prolonged or intermittent social distancing may be necessary into 2022. Additional interventions, including expanded critical care capacity and an effective therapeutic, would improve the success of intermittent distancing and hasten the acquisition of herd immunity. Longitudinal serological studies are urgently needed to determine the extent and duration of immunity to SARS-CoV-2. Even in the event of apparent elimination, SARS-CoV-2 surveillance should be maintained since a resurgence in contagion could be possible as late as 2024.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - eabb5793
SP  - eabb5793
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb5793
UR  - https://science.sciencemag.org/content/sci/early/2020/04/14/science.abb5793.full.pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 'Short sighted.' Health experts decry Trump's freeze on U.S. funding for WHO as world fights pandemic
AU  - Kai Kupferschmidt, Jon Cohen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - President Donald Trump said today he will suspend U.S. funding to the World Health Organization (WHO) pending a 60- to 90-day investigation into how the agency has handled the response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Trump accused WHO of “severely mismanaging and covering up the spread of the coronavirus,” at a White House press conference in the Rose Garden this evening, adding “everybody knows what’s going on there.” People involved in the pandemic response around the world reacted with horror to the news. “This is a short-sighted decision which will be disastrous for the agency,” says Devi Sridhar, a global health expert at the University of Edinburgh in the United Kingdom. “We need the WHO more than ever to support all countries, especially low and middle income ones.”
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abc2559
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/04/trump-freezes-us-funding-who-world-fights-pandemic
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Bats are a key source of human viruses — but they’re not special
AU  - Watson, Clare
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Statistical analyses suggest that surveillance efforts for the next pandemic look beyond the flying mammals. Bats and rodents are considered high-risk viral reservoirs — a source for diseases that can hop over to humans, and sometimes lead to epidemics. Some scientists have even argued that the animals have certain traits that increase the likelihood of spillover events from animal to people, and that they should be monitored more closely as a result. But a new analysis suggests that bats and rodents are “unexceptional” in their propensity to host viruses that infect humans.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-01096-z
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-01096-z
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus latest: Trump halts funding for WHO
AU  - Nature
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - US president Donald Trump said on 14 April that he would halt the country's funding for the World Health Organization (WHO) pending a review of the organization’s handling of the coronavirus pandemic.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00154-w
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00154-w
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Social-media companies must flatten the curve of misinformation
AU  - Donovan, Joan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The pandemic lays bare the failure to quarantine online scams, hoaxes and lies amid political battles. At Harvard Kennedy’s Shorenstein Center in Cambridge, Massachusetts, we track misinformation online. Social media is tooled to distribute financial scams, miracle-promising products and fear-mongering conspiracies alongside medical advice, school closures, news and family updates. It’s no surprise that damaging guff overwhelms valid recommendations and crucial health information. Correcting the record is impossible.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-01107-z
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Reasons and solutions for 'false positive results' of 2019 Novel Coronavirus-specific antibodies detection
AU  - ZHANG, Rui
AU  - LI, Jinming
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Assays of specific immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) have been supplemented in 'diagnosis and treatment guidelines of Novel Coronavirus pneumonia' (7th edition) issued by National Health Commission of the People&rsquo;s Republic of China as an auxiliary evidence to diagnose Novel Coronavirus pneumonia. However, the false positive results is a major problem in the application of antibody assays. The factors causing the false positive results were analyzed and the ways were discussed to reduce the false positive results. The false positive results of antibody assays can be reduced, but they cannot be fully resolved. Antibody assays are valuable criteria for the diagnosis of suspected cases with negative nucleic acid results only if at least two dynamic tests are used.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Laboratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 0
PG  - E020-E020
SP  - E020
EP  - E020
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Optional antiviral agents for the 2019 novel coronavirus and the liver injury
AU  - YANG, Ping
AU  - XU, Kaijin
AU  - KONG, Limin
AU  - CHEN, Na
AU  - JIANG, Saiping
AU  - LU, Xiaoyang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The most important treatment of anti 2019 novel coronavirus is antiviral and supportive treatment. Currently, the anti novel coronavirus drugs in clinical trials include broad-spectrum antiviral drugs (Alpha interferon and Ribavirin), hemagglutinin inhibitors (Arbidol), human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors (Lopinavir/Ritonavir and Darunavir/Cobicistat), nucleoside analogues (Favipiravir and Remdesivir) and antimalarial drug (chloroquine), however, some patients suffered from liver damage during the actual usage. This article reviews the research on liver damage associated with anti novel coronavirus drugs, aiming at promoting the rational, safe and effective use of anti novel coronavirus drugs.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 13
IS  - 0
PG  - E011-E011
SP  - E011
EP  - E011
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Vaginal delivery after 37 days of a convalescent pregnant woman with COVID-19: a case report
AU  - XIONG, Xiali
AU  - PANG, Qiumei
AU  - WEI, Hong
AU  - MA, Xiaopeng
AU  - ZHANG, Zhihong
AU  - GAO, Xiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We present a case report of a healthy neonate born by vaginal delivery to a woman who had recovered from COVID-19 after 37 days of discharge. The pregnant woman had fever, cough, and chills at 33 +1 gestational weeks and was diagnosed with COVID-19 by coronavirus nucleic acid test one day later. She recovered and was discharged after a series of treatment, and the 2019 novel coronavirus nucleic acid test and pulmonary CT were negative at the 2nd and 4th weeks after being discharged. The patient was admitted in early labor at 38 +4 gestational weeks and delivered a healthy newborn vaginally at that day. Both the mother and the baby were in good condition. All the maternal or neonatal specimens taken immediately after birth in the delivery room for 2019 novel coronavirus nucleic acid tests were negative, including the maternal pharynx, rectal and cervical secretions, amniotic fluid, an neonatal pharynx and rectal swabs. The qualitative examination of 2019 novel coronavirus antibodies in the maternal venous blood test showed that both IgG and IgM were positive. While the same test for neonatal cord blood and femoral vein blood showed negative results. No inflammatory reaction was found in the placenta and immunohistochemistry detection of novel coronavirus N protein was negative. The mother and newborn were observed postnatally and treated in the same ward, neither of them had fever, cough or fatigue, and were discharged three days after delivery. The qualitative examination of 2019 novel coronavirus antibodies (IgM and IgG) in the femoral vein blood of the nenonate 27 days old showed negative results.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Perinatal Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 23
IS  - 4
PG  - 280-282
SP  - 280
EP  - 282
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Challenges and countermeasures for diagnosis and treatment work in hepatobiliary surgery in the epidemic of novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - TAN, Yunhua
AU  - LI, Jianbo
AU  - SHANG, Yangyang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The epidemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a severe and complicated situation. As of February 23, 2020, there have been more than 77,038 confirmed cases of new coronavirus infection nationwide. COVID-19 is highly infectious and has a long incubation period and a variety of clinical manifestations, which has a great impact on society and economy and also seriously affects the daily operation of hepatobiliary surgery. This article discusses and recommends the medical protection measures required for outpatient, ward, and operation of hepatobiliary surgery, in order to reduce the risk of nosocomial infection in hepatobiliary surgery during the COVID-19 epidemic.
JO  - Journal of Clinical Hepatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 36
IS  - 4
PG  - 775-777
SP  - 775
EP  - 777
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Surgical treatment of latent infection of 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) with esophageal foreign body perforation: A case report
AU  - Song, TONG
AU  - Zhuo, CHEN
AU  - Chuangyan, WU
AU  - Kaiying, XU
AU  - Guanghai, YANG
AU  - Yongde, LIAO
AU  - Sihua, WANG
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This study reports the surgical treatment of a female patient at age of 64 years with novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) latent infection complicated with esophageal foreign body perforation with no significant changes in the lung CT. The patient was confirmed as SARS-CoV-2 infection on the 4th day after surgery and then was transferred into the Department of Infectious Disease in our hospital for treatment. This case has guiding value for the operation of thoracic surgery during the outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Clinical Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 27
IS  - 03
PG  - 240-242
SP  - 240
EP  - 242
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Management strategy of emergency surgery combined with 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection in cardiovascular surgery
AU  - Si, CHEN
AU  - Jiawei, SHI
AU  - Jiahong, XIA
AU  - Nianguo, DONG
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Chinese Journal of Clinical Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 27
IS  - 03
PG  - 243-245
SP  - 243
EP  - 245
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - ECMO application of patients with Critical Corona Virus Disease 2019 and fulminant myocarditis
AU  - SHI, Xia
AU  - CEN, Fulan
AU  - SU, Zhimin
AU  - YANG, Gendong
AU  - LI, Jinxiu
AU  - FENG, Cheng
AU  - CHEN, Ye
AU  - ZHANG, Guoliang
AU  - WANG, Zhaoqin
AU  - LIU, Yingxia
AU  - WEN, Junmin
AU  - GAO, Hong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To evaluate the clinical experience of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) treatment on two cases of infection with the critical Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) complicated by fulminant myocarditis (FM) . Methods This study selects two COVID-19 cases comorbid with fulminant myocarditis and had been treated with ECMO in Shenzhen Third People's Hospital from January 2020 to February 2020. We compare the index of inflammation, immunization, D-dimer and lactic acid before and after ECMO treatment in 24 and 96 hours, cardiopulmonary function before and after ECMO treatment in 24, 48, 72, 96 hours,. We also analyze the complications and clinical outcomes of the two cases during the ECMO treatment. Results Both patients were elderly obese men with chronic cardiopulmonary disease. Comparing the laboratory test results and imaging data of the two patients, the acute lung injury score, oxygenation index, albumin level, hypersensitive C-reactive protein, lactate and lactate dehydrogenase levels in 2 patients after ECMO treatment were improved as compared with those before ECMO treatment. Finally, case 1 died of multiple organ failure and his cardiac function continued to deteriorate, while, case 2 successfully withdrew and his cardiac function gradually improved. Conclusions For critical COVID-19 patients with fulminant myocarditis, ECMO treatment can improve pulmonary function in the short term, provide valuable time for rescuing COVID-19 patients with fulminant myocarditis.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 34
IS  - 0
PG  - E006-E006
SP  - E006
EP  - E006
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical analysis of nine cases with critical corona virus disease 2019 in Hainan province
AU  - LIU, Ming
AU  - LIN, Feng
AU  - WANG, Jiao
AU  - WEI, Chaochao
AU  - TIAN, Jia
AU  - FU, Juan
AU  - ZHONG, Shaohua
AU  - CHEN, Xinping
AU  - HAN, Lizhen
AU  - LI, Hui
AU  - CAO, Jing
AU  - CHEN, Suoxian
AU  - XIAO, Furong
AU  - CHEN, Yongxing
AU  - ZHOU, Zhongyi
AU  - XIE, Xiaohong
AU  - WU, Tao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To explore the clinical features of critical cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods The clinical data of nine patients who were diagnosed with critical COVID-19 in Hainan General Hospital from January 21, 2020 to February 6, 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. RT-PCR testing for 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) was performed with multi-sites synchronize specimens including pharyngeal swab, blood, excrement, and urine. The serum levels of leucocyte, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin and lactic acid between the improved group (five cases) and the deteriorated group (four cases) were compared. The t test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between groups. Results There were eight males (88.9%) and 1 female enrolled. The patients aged 28-77 years old, with an age of (52.9&plusmn;18.0) years. By March 4, 2020, all five cases in improved group were cured and discharged, three cases in deteriorated group died and 1case remained in critical condition. All multi-sites specimens of patients in improved group turned negative in 2-4 weeks of illness onset, while those of cases in deteriorated group showed sustained viral nucleic acid positive (up to 48th day of illness onset). The white blood cell counts ((13.52&plusmn;8.24)&times;10 9 /L vs (10.49&plusmn;4.46) &times;10 9 /L), C-reactive protein ((139.71&plusmn;87.46) mg/L vs (78.60&plusmn;55.40) mg/L) and procalcitonin ((2.32&plusmn;4.03) ng/mL vs (0.28&plusmn;0.58) ng/mL) , lactic acid ((3.70&plusmn;4.14) mmol/L vs (2.33&plusmn;0.53) mmol/L) in deteriorated group were all significantly higher than those in improved group ( t =2.908, 5.009, 4.391 and 2.942, respectively, all P &lt;0.01). A rapid rise of serum IL-6 level up to 8 500 pg/mL was observed in one patient three days prior to death. Conclusion Among the patients with critical COVID-19, serum levels of inflammatory cytokines of the death cases are higher than those of improved and discharged cases.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 49
IS  - 0
PG  - E024-E024
SP  - E024
EP  - E024
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Features of liver injury in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 in Bozhou, China
AU  - LI, Guangming
AU  - PAN, Xin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - ObjectiveTo investigate the condition of liver injury in different populations of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-2019), and to further understand the pathogenic characteristics of COVID-2019. MethodsA total of 28 patients with COVID-2019 and liver injury who were admitted to the designated hospitals for COVID-2019 in Bozhou, China from February 1 to 12, 2020 were enrolled, and they were divided into male group&#65288;n=15&#65289; and female group&#65288;n=13&#65289; according to sex or young group&#65288;n=10&#65289; and middle-aged and elderly group&#65288;n=17&#65289; according to age. The levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were measured on admission. The Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used for comparison of continuous data between two groups, the Fisher exact test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups. ResultsVarying degrees of liver injury were observed in the 28 patients. There were no significant differences in the levels of ALT, AST, GGT, ALP, and LDH between the male group and the female group and between the young group and the middle-aged and elderly group (all P&#65310;0.05). There was no significant difference in abnormal rate of ALT, AST, GGT and LDH between male group and female group (all P&#65310;0.05); There was no significant difference in abnormal rate of ALT, AST, GGT between the young group and the middle-aged and elderly group (all P&#65310;0.05); there was a significant difference in abnormal rate of LDH between the young group and the middle-aged and elderly group(P&#65308;0.05). ConclusionPatients with COVID-2019 may experience different degrees of liver injury with the development of the disease, middle-aged and elderly patients tend to develop liver injury.There was no significant correlation with gender and age in mild and general patients. Therefore, liver function should be monitored in patients with COVID-2019, and the treatment method should be selected carefully to prevent liver injury.
JO  - Journal of Clinical Hepatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 36
IS  - 4
PG  - 772-774
SP  - 772
EP  - 774
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Death of a neonate born to a critically ill mother with COVID-19: a case report
AU  - HE, Shuming
AU  - WANG, Dongna
AU  - CHI, Ruibin
AU  - DING, Deliang
AU  - YU, Yanping
AU  - HE, Minchang
AU  - LI, Weidong
AU  - CHI, Chunxin
AU  - SHI, Meibin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We report a critically ill pregnant woman in the third trimester with severe pneumonia due to COVID-19 who presented to Xiaolan People's Hospital of Zhongshan in February 2020. The 32-year-old patient was admitted at 35 +2 gestational weeks with a 4-day history of a sore throat and a fever for three hours. The patient had been to Xiaogan City, Hubei Province, and the symptoms occurred during a period of self-isolation after back home. The condition of the patient deteriorated rapidly, with left-sided chest and back pain, shortness of breath, dizziness, progressing to respiratory failure and septic shock 7 hours after her admission. In view of her critical condition and a history of two previous cesarean sections, an emergency cesarean section was performed. Blood gas analysis of the mother before the operation suggested respiratory failure, respiratory acidosis, and metabolic acidosis. During the operation, a baby boy was born. The Apgar score of the boy, birth weight of 2 700 g, was one at 1, 5 and 10 minutes despite the resuscitation efforts. The neonate died after withdrawing treatment. The patient was treated with tracheal intubation ventilator and other supportive treatments after the operation. The result of the new coronavirus nucleic acid test, taken on admission, but which was reported after delivery, was positive. The patient was transferred to the designated hospital for further treatment and was recovering with the withdrawal of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and ventilation support at 26 and 36 days after surgery, respectively.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Perinatal Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 23
IS  - 4
PG  - 217-220
SP  - 217
EP  - 220
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Comparison of two epidemic patterns of COVID-19 and evaluation of prevention and control effectiveness: an analysis based on Guangzhou and Wenzhou
AU  - HE, Guanhao
AU  - RONG, Zuhua
AU  - HU, Jianxiong
AU  - LIU, Tao
AU  - XIAO, Jianpeng
AU  - GUO, Lingchuan
AU  - ZENG, Weilin
AU  - ZHU, Zhihua
AU  - GONG, Dexin
AU  - YIN, Lihua
AU  - WAN, Donghua
AU  - WU, Junle
AU  - KANG, Min
AU  - SONG, Tie
AU  - HE, Jianfeng
AU  - MA, Wenjun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To compare the epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 in Guangzhou and Wenzhou, and evaluate the effectiveness of their prevention and control measures. Methods Data of COVID-19 cases reported in Guangzhou and Wenzhou as of 29 February, 2020 were collected. The incidence curves of COVID-19 in two cities were constructed. The real time reproduction number ( R t ) of COVID-19 in two cities was calculated respectively. Results A total of 346 and 465 confirmed COVID-19 cases were analysed in Guangzhou and Wenzhou, respectively. In two cities, most cases were aged 30-59 years (Guangzhou: 54.9%; Wenzhou: 70.3%). The incidence curve peaked on 27 January, 2020 in Guangzhou and on 26 January, 2020 in Wenzhou, then began to decline in both cities. The peaks of imported COVID-19 cases from Hubei occurred earlier than the peak of COVID-19 incidences in two cities, and the peak of imported cases from Hubei occurred earlier in Wenzhou than in Guangzhou. In early epidemic phase, imported cases were predominant in both cities, then the number of local cases increased and gradually took the dominance in Wenzhou. In Guangzhou, the imported cases was still predominant. Despite the different epidemic pattern, the R t and the number of COVID-19 cases declined after strict prevention and control measures were taken in Guangzhou and in Wenzhou. Conclusion The time and scale specific differences of imported COVID-19 resulted in different epidemic patterns in two cities, but the spread of the disease were effectively controlled after taking strict prevention and control measures.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 41
IS  - 0
PG  - E035-E035
SP  - E035
EP  - E035
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Community prevention for 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Chinese Journal of Clinical Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 27
IS  - 03
PG  - 237-239
SP  - 237
EP  - 239
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pain Management Under COVID-19 Coronavirus Infections in Children Including COVID-19: An Overview of the Epidemiology, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Treatment and Prevention Options in Children
AU  - Zimmermann, Petra
AU  - Curtis, Nigel
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronaviruses (CoVs) are a large family of enveloped, single-stranded, zoonotic RNA viruses. Four CoVs commonly circulate among humans: HCoV2-229E, -HKU1, -NL63 and -OC43. However, CoVs can rapidly mutate and recombine leading to novel CoVs that can spread from animals to humans. The novel CoVs severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) emerged in 2002 and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in 2012. The 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is currently causing a severe outbreak of disease (termed COVID-19) in China and multiple other countries, threatening to cause a global pandemic. In humans, CoVs mostly cause respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms. Clinical manifestations range from a common cold to more severe disease such as bronchitis, pneumonia, severe acute respiratory distress syndrome, multi-organ failure and even death. SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 seem to less commonly affect children and to cause fewer symptoms and less severe disease in this age group compared with adults, and are associated with much lower case-fatality rates. Preliminary evidence suggests children are just as likely as adults to become infected with SARS-CoV-2 but are less likely to be symptomatic or develop severe symptoms. However, the importance of children in transmitting the virus remains uncertain. Children more often have gastrointestinal symptoms compared with adults. Most children with SARS-CoV present with fever, but this is not the case for the other novel CoVs. Many children affected by MERS-CoV are asymptomatic. The majority of children infected by novel CoVs have a documented household contact, often showing symptoms before them. In contrast, adults more often have a nosocomial exposure. In this review, we summarize epidemiologic, clinical and diagnostic findings, as well as treatment and prevention options for common circulating and novel CoVs infections in humans with a focus on infections in children.
JO  - Topics in Pain Management
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 35
IS  - 10
PG  - 9
SP  - 9
EP  - 
AN  - 00587875-202005000-00002
DO  - 10.1097/01.TPM.0000661940.76257.be 10.1097/inf.0000000000002660
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/topicsinpainmanagement/Fulltext/2020/05000/Pain_Management_Under_COVID_19.2.aspx https://journals.lww.com/pidj/Fulltext/2020/05000/Coronavirus_Infections_in_Children_Including.1.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Anesthesia management for cesarean section during novel coronavirous epidemic
AU  - Zhiqiang, Zhou
AU  - Xingxing, S. U. N.
AU  - Shiyong, L. I.
AU  - Li, W. A. N.
AU  - Ailin, L. U. O.
AU  - Dongji, H. A. N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Thirty-six puerperas who underwent emergency cesarean section at Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology from January 24, 2020 to February 9, 2020, who all wore medical surgical masks, were retrospectively included in this study. Anesthesia management was performed under tertiary medical protection measures. A dedicated anesthesia equipment was separately sterilized. Narcotic drugs were used for one patient only, and disposable medical supplies were used for anesthetic supplies. Contact transmission should be avoided when a neonate required resuscitation, and early isolation and nucleic acid testing were provided for the neonates. The rate of suspected cases of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) was 11% , and the rate of clinically diagnosed cases was 17% before surgery. The rate of clinically diagnosed cases of 2019-nCoV was 22%, the rate of confirmed cases was 8%, and the total positive rate of diagnosis was 31% after surgery. The rate of neuraxial anesthesia was 86%, the rate of general anesthesia was 14%, the time of spinal puncture was (15±7) min, the time of tracheal intubation under general anesthesia was (2.1±1.3) min, the operation time was (95±36) min, and blood loss was (276±166) ml. The Apgar score of newborns was 8.8 ± 0.5. There was 1 neonate whose mother was diagnosed as having 2019 novel coronavirous disease after operation, an oropharyngeal swab specimen was obtained at 36 h of birth, and the swab was tested positive for 2019-nCoV by nucleic acid testing. As of February 10, 2020, an anesthesiologist involved in the operation was diagnosed to have infection by 2019-nCoV. In conclusion, diagnosis of 2019 novel coronavirous disease during pregnancy is more difficult, it is necessary to perform anesthesia management for cesarean section under tertiary medical protection. Although the difficulty in anesthesia operation is increased under tertiary medical protection, anesthesiologists can carry out standardized anesthesia management and guarantee the safety of maternal and infants and anesthesiologists themselves as long as they are rigorously trained and adhere to protective protocols.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Anesthesiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 12
PG  - E006-E006
SP  - E006
EP  - E006
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-1416.2020.0006
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Practical Implementation of COVID-19 Patient Flags into an Antimicrobial Stewardship Program’s Prospective Review
AU  - Stevens, Ryan W.
AU  - Estes, Lynn
AU  - Rivera, Christina
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In March 2020, acall to action was issued for antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASP)to assist in the SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19response.1Specificattentionwasfocused onthe commonASPinfrastructuresofprospective audit, existing partnerships with microbiology laboratories, and experience in stewarding medication resources as justification for ASP involvement. Weleveraged our existingEnterpriseASP prospective audit platformto contribute to the response. Below we describe the logic and development of COVID-19 ASP flags, which wasrapidly operationalized in the enterprise electronic medical record(EMR).Our prospective audit system, utilizes a longstanding, homegrown flagging system that was converted to function within the EMR(EpicTM).2-4Itgeneratesa patient listbased on a seriesof “rules” with complex logicincorporatingmedications and order elements, laboratory values, and microbiology, etc.The system also allows for the documentation of actions takenand provider response. Interventions deemed complete can be dismissed (i.e. removed)and those requiringfollow-up can be deferred for later review.
JO  - Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-6
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/ice.2020.133
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/practical-implementation-of-covid19-patient-flags-into-an-antimicrobial-stewardship-programs-prospective-review/F8A34A6A746C4C33F80A13DB4BF27537
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Use Stones from Another Mountain to Polish One’s Jade: Learn from MERS Studies toexplore potential mechanisms underlying the effect of diabetes mellitus on COVID-19
AU  - Sijue, Yang
AU  - Haixia, Guan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Epidemiology studies suggest that comorbid diabetes may have negative impact on the progression and severity of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which first occurred in Wuhan. However, the exact mechanism remains unclear. A recent study on another type of coronavirus infection, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), investigated its relationship with diabetes. This essay aims to give a brief introduction to this report and related studies, and to propose suggestions on what we can learn from these investigations to conduct further studies on the potential mechanisms underlying the effect of diabetes mellitus on COVID-19.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 12
PG  - E001-E001
SP  - E001
EP  - E001
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn311282-20200212-00058
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pandemic March: COVID-19’s first wave circumnavigates the globe
AU  - Shultz, James M.
AU  - Perlin, Alanna
AU  - Saltzman, Russell Gary
AU  - Espinel, Zelde
AU  - Galea, Sandro
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - By month’s end the worldwide geographic distribution of cases had been dramatically reshaped. COVID-19’s reach extended across six continents and all United Nations regions, with cases reported in 205 countries and territories. Although the tallies of confirmed cases and deaths will be eclipsed, and in fact dwarfed, in future months, it was during March 2020 that COVID-19 demonstrated its remarkable capacity to circumnavigate the planet. COVID19 became a worldwide threat with breathtaking speed. We examine patterns of confirmed cases globally, by United Nations Region, and by country, drawing from WHO daily situation reports throughout the month of March 2020, with particular focus on the reports issues on March 1 and April 1, 2020.1,2
JO  - Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-13
SP  - 1
EP  - 13
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/dmp.2020.103
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/pandemic-march-covid19s-first-wave-circumnavigates-the-globe/06591E3E590C051B48DC69111F041CE7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 with acute cerebral infarction: one case report
AU  - Shengcai, Chen
AU  - Bo, H. U.
AU  - Hongge, L. I.
AU  - Yuanpeng, X. I. A.
AU  - Yunjian, Zhang
AU  - Ling, M. A. O.
AU  - Yanan, L. I.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 is caused by the 2019 novel coronavirus, which is characterized by hidden onset, long incubation period, and high contagion. The study found that the COVID-19 not only attacks the respiratory system, but also affects other systems such as the heart, kidney, and digestive tract, and could be combined with multiple system diseases such as acute cerebrovascular disease. If doctors, especially non-infective or respiratory doctors, do not pay great attention to the patient when they are receiving patients, and take good care of them, they may easily cause their own infection. This article summarizes the case of a concealed onset COVID-19 patient with cerebral infarction, which caused a medical staff infection after intravenous thrombolytic therapy, explores its clinical characteristics, treatment process and analyzes its prevention and control links to help the epidemic situation. In the prevention and control, the first-time doctor should pay attention to identification, reduce missed diagnosis, and scientific investigation to reduce occupational infection.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Neurology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 12
PG  - E002-E002
SP  - E002
EP  - E002
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn113694-20200214-00081
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 pandemic through the lens of a gastroenterology fellow: looking for the silver lining
AU  - Shah, R.
AU  - Satyavada, S.
AU  - Ismail, M.
AU  - Kurin, M.
AU  - Smith, Z. L.
AU  - Cooper, G. S.
AU  - Chak, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.gie.2020.03.3852
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005533183 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gie.2020.03.3852
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Rapid Detection of COVID-19 Causative Virus (SARS-CoV-2) in Human Nasopharyngeal Swab Specimens Using Field-Effect Transistor-Based Biosensor
AU  - Seo, Giwan
AU  - Lee, Geonhee
AU  - Kim, Mi Jeong
AU  - Baek, Seung-Hwa
AU  - Choi, Minsuk
AU  - Ku, Keun Bon
AU  - Lee, Chang-Seop
AU  - Jun, Sangmi
AU  - Park, Daeui
AU  - Kim, Hong Gi
AU  - Kim, Seong-Jun
AU  - Lee, Jeong- O.
AU  - Kim, Bum Tae
AU  - Park, Edmond Changkyun
AU  - Kim, Seung Il
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a newly emerging human infectious disease caused by acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, previously called 2019-nCoV). Based on the rapid increase in the rate of human infection, the World Health Organization (WHO) has classified the COVID-19 outbreak as a pandemic. Because no specific drugs or vaccines for COVID-19 are yet available, early diagnosis and management are crucial for containing the outbreak. Here, we report a field-effect transistor (FET)-based biosensing device for detecting SARS-CoV-2 in clinical samples. The sensor was produced by coating graphene sheets of FET with a specific antibody against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. The performance of the sensor was determined using antigen protein, cultured virus, and nasopharyngeal swab specimens from COVID-19 patients. Our FET device could detect SARS-CoV-2 spike protein at concentrations of 1 fg/ml in PBS and 100 fg/ml clinical transport medium. In addition, the FET sensor successfully detected SARS-CoV-2 in culture medium (limit of detection [LOD]: 1.6 x 101 pfu/ml) and clinical samples (LOD: 2.42 x 102 copies/ml). Thus, we have successfully fabricated a promising FET biosensor for SARS-CoV-2; our device is a highly sensitive immunological diagnostic method for COVID-19 that requires no sample pretreatment or labeling.
JO  - ACS Nano
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1021/acsnano.0c02823
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.0c02823
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A patient reported outcome platform, a useful tool to improve monitoring and effective management of Covid-19–positive patients with cancer
AU  - Scotté, F.
AU  - Minvielle, E.
AU  - Mir, O.
AU  - André, F.
AU  - Barlesi, F.
AU  - Soria, J. C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Journal of Cancer
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 132
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.ejca.2020.03.020
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005541703 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2020.03.020
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Early antiviral therapy of abidor combined with lopinavir/ritonavir and re-combinant interferon&amp;#x03B1;-2b in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia in Zhejiang: A multicenter and prospective study
AU  - Runan, W. E. I.
AU  - Nanhong, Zheng
AU  - Xiangao, Jiang
AU  - Chunlian, M. A.
AU  - Xiaowei, X. U.
AU  - Shourong, L. I. U.
AU  - Yongping, Chen
AU  - Kaijin, X. U.
AU  - Hainv, G. A. O.
AU  - Jiansheng, Z. H. U.
AU  - Qiang, S. H. U.
AU  - Jifang, Sheng
AU  - Xiaoqiang, Zhang
AU  - Minghui, L. I.
AU  - Yan, Zhang
AU  - Mengjie, M. A.
AU  - Xuan, Zhang
AU  - Shibo, L. I.
AU  - Qiujing, Wang
AU  - Lingjun, Ying
AU  - Yongjun, Zhang
AU  - Yunzhen, S. H. I.
AU  - Lingyan, F. A. N.
AU  - Wanjun, Y. U.
AU  - Huaying, Wang
AU  - Dandan, S. U. N.
AU  - Xiaodong, Wang
AU  - Jichan, S. H. I.
AU  - Yinghu, Chen
AU  - Xinsheng, X. I. E.
AU  - Yunqing, Chen
AU  - Weihong, Wang
AU  - Zhaowei, Tong
AU  - Lingling, Tang
AU  - Mengfei, Z. H. U.
AU  - Lingjian, Zhang
AU  - Lanjuan, L. I.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective@#Comparing the benefit of Abidor, lopinavir/ritonavir and recombinant interferon &amp;#x03B1;-2b triple combination antiviral therapy and lopinavir/ritonavir and interferon dual combination antiviral therapy to hospitalized novel coronavirus pneumonia 2019 in Zhejiang province.@*Methods@#A multi-center prospective study was carried out to compare the effect of triple combination antiviral therapy with dual combination antiviral therapy in 15 medical institutions of Zhejiang Province. All patients were treated with recombinant interferon &amp;#x03B1;-2b (5 million U, 2 times/d) aerosol inhalation. 196 patients were treated with abidol (200 mg, 3 times/d) + lopinavir / ritonavir (2 tablets, 1 time/12 h) as the triple combination antiviral treatment group. 41 patients were treated with lopinavir / ritonavir (2 tablets, 1 time/12 h) as the dual combination antiviral treatment group. The patients who received triple combination antiviral therapy were divided into three groups: within 48 hours, 3-5 days and &amp;gt; 5 days after the symptom onset. To explore the therapeutic effects of triple combination antiviral drugs and dual combination antiviral drugs, as well as triple combination antiviral drugs with different antiviral initiate time. SPSS17.0 software was used to analyze the data.@*Results@#The time of virus nucleic acid turning negative was (12.2 ± 4.7) days in the triple combination antiviral drug group, which was shorter than that in the dual combination antiviral drug group [(15.0 ± 5.0) days] (t = 6.159, P &amp;lt; 0.01 ). The length of hospital stay [12 (9, 17) d] in the triple combination antiviral drug group was also shorter than that in the dual combination antiviral drug group [15 (10, 18) d] (H = 2.073, P &amp;lt; 0.05). Comparing the antiviral treatment which was started within 48 hours, 3-5 days and &amp;gt; 5 days after the symptom onset of triple combination antiviral drug group, the time from the symptom onset to the negative of viral shedding was 13 (10,16.8), 17 (13,22) and 21 (18-24) days respectively (Z = 32.983, P &amp;lt; 0.01), and the time from antiviral therapy to the negative of viral shedding was (11.8±3.9) , (13.5±5.1) and (11.2±4.3) d. The differences among the three groups were statistically significant (Z=32.983 and 6.722, P&amp;lt;0.01 or&amp;lt;0.05).@*Conclusions@#The triple combination antiviral therapy of Abidor, Lopinavir/Litonavir and recombinant interferon &amp;#x03B1;-2b showed shorter viral shedding time and hospitalization time compared with the dual combination antiviral therapy. The earlier the time to initiate triple antiviral treatment, the shorter the time of virus shedding.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 6
PG  - E010-E010
SP  - E010
EP  - E010
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn115673-20200224-00069
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Protocolo conjunto de tratamento de terapia intensiva a pacientes de coronavírus
AU  - Rio de Janeiro . Secretaria de Estado de, Saúde
AU  - Sociedade de Terapia Intensiva do Rio de, Janeiro
AU  - Sociedade de Pneumologia e Tisiologia do Estado do Rio de, Janeiro
AU  - Conselho Regional de Medicina do Estado do Rio de, Janeiro
AU  - Sociedade de Infectologia do Estado do Rio de, Janeiro
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Este protocolo de tratamento a pacientes de coronavírus foi construído em conjunto com as Sociedades estaduais de Terapia Intensiva (SOTIERJ), Pneumologia (SOPTERJ), Infectologista (SIERJ), CREMERJ e opiniões de especialistas.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 5-5
SP  - 5
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://coronavirus.rj.gov.br/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Clique-aqui-para-acessar-o-protocolo.pdf http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/grk3k
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Doença pelo coronavírus (covid-19), informações atualizadas da nota técnica - SVS/SES-RJ nº 01/2020 (quinta atualização)
AU  - Rio de Janeiro . Secretaria de Estado de, Saúde
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Em 13 de março de 2020 o Ministério da Saúde anunciou que as capitais Rio de Janeiro e São Paulo já registravam caso de transmissão comunitária, ou seja, quando não é identificada a origem da contaminação. Com isso, o país entra em uma nova fase de resposta ao plano de contingência contra o CORONAVÍRUS, a de criar condições para diminuir os danos que o vírus pode causar à população.
JO  - Nota Técnica ­ SVS/SES-RJ Nº 08/2020
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 08
PG  - 7-7
SP  - 7
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://coronavirus.rj.gov.br/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/SEI_SEI_080001_006394_2020-13-1.pdf http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/ztdwm
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Doença pelo coronavírus (covid-19), informações atualizadas da nota técnica - SVS/SES-RJ nº 01/2020 (quarta atualização)
AU  - Rio de Janeiro . Secretaria de Estado de, Saúde
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Em 05 de março de 2020 os dados da OMS revelam o total de 95.265 casos COVID-19 com 3.281 óbitos, tendo sido identificados nas últimas 24 horas 143 casos na China, a maioria dos acasos ainda estão na província de Hubei.
JO  - Nota Técnica ­ SVS/SES-RJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 07
PG  - 9-9
SP  - 9
EP  - 9
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://coronavirus.rj.gov.br/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/SEI_SEI_080001_004943_2020-4Nota-T%C3%A9cnica-%C3%BAltima-atualiza%C3%A7%C3%A3o-06-03-2020.pdf http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/vajye
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Observation on clinical effect of Shufeng Jiedu Capsule combined with Arbidol Hydrochloride Capsule in treatment of COVID-19
AU  - Qu, X. K.
AU  - Hao, S. L.
AU  - Ma, J. H.
AU  - Wei, G. Y.
AU  - Song, K. Y.
AU  - Tang, C.
AU  - Gao, Y. F.
AU  - Liang, S. Q.
AU  - Du, W. J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To observe the clinical effect of Shufeng Jiedu Capsule combined with Arbidol Hydrochloride Capsule in the treatment of COVID-19. Methods： From January 31, 2020 to February 11, 2020, 70 patients with COVID-19 diagnosed and treated in Bozhou people's hospital were selected. According to the different treatments, they were divided into two groups: 40 patients in combination group and 30 patients in Arbidol Hydrochloride Capsule group. Patients in both groups were given routine Arbidol Hydrochloride Capsule orally. On this basis, the combination group was given oral Shufeng Jiedu Capsule for 10 d. The antipyretic time and the disappearance time of dry cough, nasal congestion, runny nose, sore throat, fatigue, diarrhea and other symptoms of patients in two groups were compared. The negative conversion ratio and negative conversion time of novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) were also compared between two groups of patients. Results： There were significant differences in antipyretic time, the disappearance time of dry cough, nasal congestion, runny nose, pharyngeal pain, fatigue, diarrhea, and novel coronavirus negative conversion time in the combination treatment group compared with the control group (P < 0.05). The negative conversion time of combination treatment group was significantly shorter than Arbidol Hydrochloride Capsule group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The combination of Shufeng Jiedu Capsule and Arbidol Hydrochloride Capsule was better than Arbidol Hydrochloride Capsule alone in the treatment of COVID-19, which could significantly shorten the symptoms improvement time and negative conversion time of the clinical patients.
JO  - Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
PG  - 1167-1170
SP  - 1167
EP  - 1170
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2020.05.011
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005541914 http://dx.doi.org/10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2020.05.011
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Performance of urea-mediated dissociation in reducing false-positive of 2019-nCoV IgM test
AU  - Qiang, Wang
AU  - Qin, D. U.
AU  - Bin, G. U. O.
AU  - Yangliu, G. U. O.
AU  - Li, Fang
AU  - Xiaolan, G. U. O.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective@#To investigate the interference factors causing false-positive result of novel coronavirus IgM antibody (SARS-CoV-2 IgM) detected by gold immunochromatography assay (GICA) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).@*Methods@#A total of 71 serum from different pathogen infections and related chronic diseases patients were collected from the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College from January 25, 2020 to February 15, 2020. GICA and ELISA were used to detect 2019-nCoV IgM in 71 serum, including 5 influenza A virus (Flu A) IgM positive serum, 5 influenza B virus (Flu B) IgM positive serum, 5 Mycoplasma pneumonia (MP) IgM positive serum, 5 Legionella pneumophila (LP) IgM positive serum, 29 rheumatoid factor (RF) IgM positive serum, 5 hypertension patients serum, 5 diabetes mellitus patients serum, 6 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection patients serum and 6 Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients serum. The interference factors causing false positive results of the two methods were analyzed, and urea dissociation test was employed to dissociate the 2019-nCoV IgM positive serum using the best dissociation concentration. Statistical analyses were performed by SPSS, version 19.0.@*Result@#s 2019-nCoV IgM was positive in 18 cases of middle-high level RF-IgM positive serum and 6 cases of 2019-nCoV-infected serum detected by two methods, and the other 47 serum were negative. When the dissociation concentration of urea was 6 mol/L, 2019-nCoV IgM was negative in 17 cases of middle-high level RF-IgM positive serum and positive in 6 cases of 2019-nCoV-infected serum detected by GICA. When the urea dissociation concentration was 4 mol/L, dissociation time was 10 min and the avidity index&amp;lt;0.46 was set as negative, 2019-nCoV IgM was negative in 15 cases of middle-high level RF-IgM positive serum and positive in 6 cases of 2019-nCoV-infected serum detected by ELISA.@*Conclusion@#The middle-high level of RF-IgM could cause false positive results of SARS-CoV-2 IgM detected by GICA and ELISA, and the urea dissociation test would be helpful for reducing the probability of false-positive results of SARS-CoV-2 IgM test.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Laboratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 12
PG  - E014-E014
SP  - E014
EP  - E014
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn114452-20200219-00091
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Public Education and Electronic Awareness of the New Coronavirus (COVID-19): Experiences from Iran
AU  - Peyravi, Mahmoudreza
AU  - Ahmadi Marzaleh, Milad
AU  - Shamspour, Navab
AU  - Soltani, Ahmad
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-5
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/dmp.2020.94
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/public-education-and-electronic-awareness-of-the-new-coronavirus-covid19-experiences-from-iran/610AAC9226155871E03C6623C514C0F2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Medidas Urgentes Destinadas a Reforzar el Sistema de Vigilancia y Respuesta Sanitaria frente al Grave Peligro de la Propagación de la Enfermedad Causada por un Nuevo Coronavirus
AU  - Perú. Presidencia de la, República
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - El documento contiene los objetivos, la rectoría, las transferencia de partidas, el procedimiento para la aprobación institucional y otros destinados a reforzar el sistema de vigilancia y respuesta sanitaria frente a la propagación de la enfermedad COVID-19.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 8-8
SP  - 8
EP  - 8
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/mea95
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Decreto supremo que declara en Emergencia Sanitaria a nivel nacional por el plazo de noventa (90) días calendario y dicta medidas de prevención y control del COVID-19
AU  - Perú. Presidencia de la, República
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - El documento contiene las declaratoria de emergencia, las medidas de prevención y control para evitar la propagación del COVID-19, así como el fortalecimiento de la gestión sanitaria internacional
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 2-2
SP  - 2
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/zr6k9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Decreto supremo que establece medidas para asegurar la continuidad de las acciones de prevención, control, diagnóstico y tratamiento del Coronavirus - COVID-19
AU  - Perú. Presidencia de la, República
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - El documento contiene las normas reglamentarias para asegurar la continuidad de las acciones en la prevención, control, diagnóstico y tratamiento del Coronavirus en el ámbito del Sector Salud.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 3-3
SP  - 3
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/nbb6n
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Creación del Grupo de Trabajo de naturaleza temporal, dependiente del Ministerio de Salud
AU  - Perú. Ministerio de, Salud
AU  - Dirección General de Intervenciones Estratégicas en Salud, Pública
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - El documento contiene la conformación del Grupo de Trabajo con el objeto de asesoraren los temas y materia de atención y manejo del COVID-19
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 3-3
SP  - 3
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/v29ur
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Directiva administrativa que regula los procesos, registros y accesos a la información para garantizar el seguimiento integral de los casos sospechosos y confirmados de COVID-19 (Sistema Integrado para COVID-19-SICOVID-19)
AU  - Perú. Ministerio de, Salud
AU  - Dirección General de Intervenciones Estratégicas en Salud, Pública
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - El documento contiene los procesos, procedimientos, aplicaciones tecnológicas de captura de datos y acceso a la información con el objeto de hacer el seguimiento longitudinal en tiempo real de los casos sospechosos y confirmados de COVID-19 a nivel nacional regional y local.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 28-28
SP  - 28
EP  - 28
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/pd9hw
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Lineamientos que refuerzan el cuidado integral de salud en el Primer Nivel de Atención en el contexto de la pandemia COVID-19
AU  - Perú. Ministerio de, Salud
AU  - Dirección General de Intervenciones Estratégicas en Salud, Pública
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - El documento contiene los lineamientos que refuerzan el cuidado integral de salud por curso de vida y con un enfoque de derechos humanos e interculturalidad en el Primer Nivel de Atención en el contexto de la pandemia y el aislamiento social obligatorio por COVID-19
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 18-18
SP  - 18
EP  - 18
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/67374
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Directiva sanitaria para la atención de salud en el Centro de Aislamiento temporal para pacientes sospechosos sintomáticos y pacientes confirmados de infección por COVID-19, en el marco del Decreto de Urgencia N° 030-2020
AU  - Perú. Ministerio de, Salud
AU  - Dirección General de Aseguramiento e Intercambio, Prestacional
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - El documento contiene las disposiciones para la organización, funcionamiento y atención de salud en el Centro de Atención y Aislamiento Temporal &quot;Villa Panamericana&quot;
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 14-14
SP  - 14
EP  - 14
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/bv9ac
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Guía técnica para el cuidado de la salud mental del personal de la salud en el contexto del COVID-19
AU  - Perú. Ministerio de, Salud
AU  - Dirección de Intervenciones Estratégicas en Salud, Pública
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - El documento contiene los procedimientos para el cuidado y autocuidado de la salud mental del personal de la salud que brinda atención a las personas con sospecha o con diagnóstico de infección por COVID-19
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 35-35
SP  - 35
EP  - 35
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/nc3s3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Plan nacional de preparación y respuesta frente al riesgo de introducción del Coronavirus 2019 - nCoV: Documento Técnico
AU  - Perú. Ministerio de, Salud
AU  - Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Prevención y Control de Enfermedades
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - El plan contiene las últimas recomendaciones de la OPS/OMS a fin de reducir el impacto sanitario, social y económico ante la potencial introducción del 2019-nCoV
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 29-29
SP  - 29
EP  - 29
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/c85ms
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Just when I thought I was out, they pull me back in: the older physician in the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Peisah, Carmelle
AU  - Hockey, Peter
AU  - Benbow, Susan Mary
AU  - Williams, Betsy
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A call for action to come back and join the fight against COVID-19 has been issued to retired doctors around the world (CBS news, 2020). Many have responded to this call and have returned, or will return to the workforce. Conversely, some late career doctors who are in practice are anxious about their risk and are understandably choosing now to retire. In this brief perspective, we explore the challenges of the bidirectional movement of older doctors returning to and exiting from the profession at this time of unprecedented stress, to inform solutions and suggestions for the future. Returning to the profession Regulatory agencies around the world have responded to the need to improve medical workforce capacity in dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic. In the United States, a growing number of American states have taken measures to waive or expedite licensure for inactive or retired medical licensees (FSMB, 2020). A range of models has been developed. These vary according to jurisdiction and are evolving on an ongoing basis. While not all regulatory agencies initially favoured relicensing, with the fluidity and urgency of the situation more states are easing requirements for licensure at both the early and late career stages (FSMB, 2020).
JO  - International Psychogeriatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-10
SP  - 1
EP  - 10
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/S1041610220000599
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/just-when-i-thought-i-was-out-they-pull-me-back-in-the-older-physician-in-the-covid19-pandemic/CC111E0D0DD97CE5509D43BCB1EC9586
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recommendations for Endotracheal Intubation of COVID-19 Patients
AU  - Orser, Beverley A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Anesthesia & Analgesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 130
IS  - 5
PG  - 1109-1110
SP  - 1109
EP  - 1110
AN  - 00000539-202005000-00001
DO  - 10.1213/ane.0000000000004803
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/anesthesia-analgesia/Fulltext/2020/05000/Recommendations_for_Endotracheal_Intubation_of.1.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Why are lopinavir and ritonavir effective against the newly emerged Coronavirus 2019?: Atomistic insights into the inhibitory mechanisms
AU  - Nutho, Bodee
AU  - Mahalapbutr, Panupong
AU  - Hengphasatporn, Kowit
AU  - Pattaranggoon, Nawanwat Chainuwong
AU  - Simanon, Nattapon
AU  - Shigeta, Yasuteru
AU  - Hannongbua, Supot
AU  - Rungrotmongkol, Thanyada
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since the emergence of a novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was firstly reported from Wuhan, China, to date, neither a specific vaccine nor antiviral drug against SARS-CoV-2 is available. However, a combination of two HIV-1 protease inhibitors lopinavir and ritonavir has been found to be effective against SARS-CoV, and both drugs could bind well to the SARS-CoV 3C-like protease (SARS-CoV 3CLpro). In this work, molecular complexation between each inhibitor and the SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro was studied using all-atom molecular dynamics simulations, free energy calculations and pair interaction energy analyses based on the MM/PB(GB)SA and FMO-MP2/PCM/6-31G*. Both anti-HIV drugs interacted well with the residues at the active site of the SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro. Ritonavir showed somewhat higher atomic contacts, binding efficiency and key binding residues than that of lopinavir in correspondence with slightly less water accessibility at the 3CLpro active site. In addition, only ritonavir could interact with the oxyanion hole residues N142 and G143 via two hydrogen bond formations. The interactions in terms of electrostatics, dispersion and charge transfer played an important role in the drug binding. The obtained results demonstrated how repurposed anti-HIV drugs could be used to combat COVID-19.
JO  - Biochemistry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1021/acs.biochem.0c00160
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.biochem.0c00160
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - As normalcy returns, can China keep COVID-19 at bay? Infected travelers pose a continuing threat, but local coronavirus transmission still occurs as well
AU  - Normile, D.
AU  - Cohen, J.
AU  - Enserink, M.
AU  - Huihui, B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 6486
PG  - 18-19
SP  - 18
EP  - 19
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.368.6486.18
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005526304 http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.368.6486.18
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 international outbreak and the need for a suitable estimation model: A second-order polynomial equation with constant coefficients based on imported infected cases seems inadequate
AU  - Niazkar, H. R.
AU  - Niazkar, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 13
IS  - 4
PG  - 185-186
SP  - 185
EP  - 186
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4103/1995-7645.280234
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L631436279 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1995-7645.280234
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Protecting Cancer Patients During the Coronavirus Pandemic
AU  - Nalley, Catlin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Oncology Times
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 42
IS  - 8
PG  - 1,12,17
SP  - 1,12,17
EP  - 
AN  - 00130989-202004200-00001
DO  - 10.1097/01.Cot.0000661852.58126.02
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/oncology-times/Fulltext/2020/04200/Protecting_Cancer_Patients_During_the_Coronavirus.1.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Navigating the COVID-19 Pandemic as an Oncology Nurse
AU  - Nalley, Catlin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Oncology Times
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 42
IS  - 8
PG  - 11,18
SP  - 11,18
EP  - 
AN  - 00130989-202004200-00004
DO  - 10.1097/01.COT.0000661864.55789.d7
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/oncology-times/Fulltext/2020/04200/Navigating_the_COVID_19_Pandemic_as_an_Oncology.4.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Can We Utilize Existing Cancer-Related Therapies to Help COVID-19 Patients?
AU  - Nalley, Catlin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Oncology Times
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 42
IS  - 8
PG  - 15
SP  - 15
EP  - 
AN  - 00130989-202004200-00007
DO  - 10.1097/01.Cot.0000661876.33887.58
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/oncology-times/Fulltext/2020/04200/Can_We_Utilize_Existing_Cancer_Related_Therapies.7.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Boletín Epidemiológico Semana 04 (del 19 al 25 de enero del 2020)
AU  - Ministerio de, Salud
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Resumen de eventos de notificación hasta SE 04/2020. Situación epidemiológica de dengue. Situación epidemiológica de zika y chikungunya. Infección respiratoria aguda. Neumonías. Situación mundial del 2019-nCov (OMS) Situación regional de influenza y otros virus respiratorios. Vigilancia centinela virus respiratorios. Vigilancia centinela de rotavirus. Enfermedad diarreica aguda. Summary of notification events until SE 04/2020. Dengue epidemiological situation. Epidemiological situation of Zika and Chikungunya. Acute respiratory infection. Pneumonia. World situation of 2019-nCov (WHO) Regional situation of influenza and other respiratory viruses. Sentinel surveillance of respiratory viruses. Rotavirus sentinel surveillance. Acute diarrheal disease.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 10-10
SP  - 10
EP  - 10
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/vu9tk
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Boletín Epidemiológico Semana 05 (del 26 de enero al 01 de febrero del 2020)
AU  - Ministerio de, Salud
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Resumen de eventos de notificación hasta SE 05/2020. Situación epidemiológica de dengue. Situación epidemiológica de zika y chikungunya. Infección respiratoria aguda. Neumonías. Situación mundial del 2019-nCov (OMS) Vigilancia centinela virus respiratorios. Enfermedad diarreica aguda Summary of notification events until SE 05/2020. Dengue epidemiological situation. Epidemiological situation of Zika and Chikungunya. Acute respiratory infection. Pneumonia. Global situation of the 2019-nCov (WHO) Sentinel surveillance of respiratory viruses. Acute diarrheal disease
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 8-8
SP  - 8
EP  - 8
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/28ave
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Boletín Epidemiológico Semana 07 (del 09 al 15 de febrero del 2020)
AU  - Ministerio de, Salud
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Resumen de eventos de notificación hasta SE 07/2020.. Situación epidemiológica de dengue. . Situación epidemiológica de zika y chikungunya. . Infección respiratoria aguda. . Neumonías. 6. Situación mundial del 2019-nCov (OMS). Situación regional de influenza y otros virus respiratorios.. Vigilancia centinela virus respiratorios. Vigilancia centinela de rotavirus. Enfermedad diarreica aguda. Fiebre tifoidea Summary of notification events until SE 07/2020. Dengue epidemiological situation. . Epidemiological situation of Zika and Chikungunya. . Acute respiratory infection. . Pneumonia. 6. World situation of 2019-nCov (WHO). Regional situation of influenza and other respiratory viruses. Sentinel surveillance of respiratory viruses. Rotavirus sentinel surveillance. Acute diarrheal disease. Typhoid fever
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 11-11
SP  - 11
EP  - 11
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/ra8su
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Boletín Epidemiológico Semana 08 (del 16 al 22 de febrero del 2020)
AU  - Ministerio de, Salud
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Resumen de eventos de notificación hasta SE 08/2020.. Situación epidemiológica de dengue. . Situación epidemiológica de zika y chikungunya. . Infección respiratoria aguda. . Neumonías. 6. Situación mundial del 2019-nCov (OMS). Situación regional de influenza y otros virus respiratorios.. Vigilancia centinela virus respiratorios. Vigilancia centinela de rotavirus. Enfermedad diarreica aguda. Fiebre tifoidea Summary of notification events until SE 08/2020. Dengue epidemiological situation. . Epidemiological situation of Zika and Chikungunya. . Acute respiratory infection. . Pneumonia. 6. World situation of 2019-nCov (WHO). Regional situation of influenza and other respiratory viruses. Sentinel surveillance of respiratory viruses. Rotavirus sentinel surveillance. Acute diarrheal disease. Typhoid fever
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 11-11
SP  - 11
EP  - 11
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/jc52a
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Boletín Epidemiológico Semana 09 (del 23 al 29 de febrero del 2020)
AU  - Ministerio de, Salud
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Resumen de eventos de notificación hasta SE 09/2020.. Situación epidemiológica de dengue. . Situación epidemiológica de zika y chikungunya. . Infección respiratoria aguda. . Neumonías. 6. Situación mundial del 2019-nCov (OMS). Situación regional de influenza y otros virus respiratorios.. Vigilancia centinela virus respiratorios. Vigilancia centinela de rotavirus. Enfermedad diarreica aguda. Fiebre tifoidea Summary of notification events until SE 09/2020. Dengue epidemiological situation. . Epidemiological situation of Zika and Chikungunya. . Acute respiratory infection. . Pneumonia. 6. World situation of 2019-nCov (WHO). Regional situation of influenza and other respiratory viruses. Sentinel surveillance of respiratory viruses. Rotavirus sentinel surveillance. Acute diarrheal disease. Typhoid fever
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 11-11
SP  - 11
EP  - 11
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/w59wn
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Lineamientos técnicos para la dispensación de medicamentos a usuarios de la red de establecimientos del minsal en el marco de la emergencia por coronavirus (covid-19)
AU  - Ministerio de, Salud
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - La situación generada por la pandemia de coronavirus COVID-19, exige la adopción de medidas que incrementen la protección de la salud de las personas, con el adecuado funcionamiento de establecimientos del primer nivel de atención y hospitales. Debido a la suspensión de la consulta externa programada de primera vez y subsecuentes ante la emergencia nacional por COVID-19, se establecen las siguientes disposiciones para la emisión de recetas repetitivas, dispensación o entrega de medicamentos a pacientes con enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles y otras en las que apliquen la indicación de este tipo de recetas, las mismas tienen como propósito disminuir la afluencia de pacientes en los establecimientos de salud en el contexto de la pandemia. La atención de pacientes con enfermedades crónicas y su control terapéutico con administración de medicamentos es una de las prestaciones más frecuentes en los establecimientos de salud, por lo que es fundamental disponer de lineamientos que aseguren la correcta prescripción y dispensación, para asegurar la calidad de los cuidados y disminuir el riesgo potencial de contagiarse de COVID-19, sin descuidar el abastecimiento de medicamentos para las personas con patologías crónicas. The situation generated by the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic requires the adoption of measures that increase the protection of people&#039;s health, with the proper functioning of first-level facilities and hospitals. Due to the suspension of the external consultation scheduled for the first time and subsequent before the national emergency by COVID-19, the following provisions are established for the issuance of prescriptions Repetitive, dispensing, or delivering medications to patients with chronic illnesses transferable and others in which the indication of this type of recipes apply, they have as purpose to decrease the influx of patients in health facilities in the context of pandemic. The care of patients with chronic diseases and their therapeutic control with administration of medicines is one of the most frequent benefits in health facilities, making it It is essential to have guidelines that ensure the correct prescription and dispensing, to ensure the quality of care and decrease the potential risk of getting COVID-19, without neglecting the supply of medicines for people with chronic diseases.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 1
IS  - 
PG  - 13-13
SP  - 13
EP  - 13
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://asp.salud.gob.sv/regulacion/default.asp http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/wyjn3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Boletín Epidemiológico Semana 10 (del 01 al 07 de marzo del 2020)
AU  - Ministerio de, Salud
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Resumen de eventos de notificación. Situación epidemiológica de dengue. . Situación epidemiológica de zika y chikungunya. . Infección respiratoria aguda. . Neumonías. 6. Situación mundial del 2019-nCov (OMS). Situación regional de influenza y otros virus respiratorios.. Vigilancia centinela virus respiratorios. Vigilancia centinela de rotavirus. Enfermedad diarreica aguda. Fiebre tifoidea Summary of notification Dengue epidemiological situation. . Epidemiological situation of Zika and Chikungunya. . Acute respiratory infection. . Pneumonia. World situation of 2019-nCov (WHO). Regional situation of influenza and other respiratory viruses. Sentinel surveillance of respiratory viruses. Rotavirus sentinel surveillance. Acute diarrheal disease. Typhoid fever
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 11-11
SP  - 11
EP  - 11
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/8qd33
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Boletín Epidemiológico Semana 11 (del 08 al 14 de marzo del 2020)
AU  - Ministerio de, Salud
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Resumen de eventos de notificación hasta SE 11/2020. . Situación epidemiológica de dengue. . Situación epidemiológica de zika y chikungunya. . Infección respiratoria aguda. . Neumonías. 6. Situación mundial del 2019-nCov (OMS). Situación regional de influenza y otros virus respiratorios.. Vigilancia centinela virus respiratorios. Vigilancia centinela de rotavirus. Enfermedad diarreica aguda. Fiebre tifoidea Summary of notification events until SE 11/2020. . Dengue epidemiological situation. . Epidemiological situation of Zika and Chikungunya. . Acute respiratory infection. . Pneumonia. World situation of 2019-nCov (WHO). Regional situation of influenza and other respiratory viruses. Sentinel surveillance of respiratory viruses. Rotavirus sentinel surveillance. Acute diarrheal disease. Typhoid fever
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 11-11
SP  - 11
EP  - 11
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/m3jks
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Boletin Epidemiologico semana 12 (15 al 21 de marzo de 2020)
AU  - Ministerio de, Salud
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - El Boletín Epidemiológico presente los daos semanales de las enfermedades como Dengue, Zika, Chikungunya, enfermedades respiratorias como Neumonía, Influenza y Enfermedades Diarreicas, Rotavirus, al igual que la situación actual del COVID-19. Este boletín corresponde a la semana del 15 al 21 de marzo del 2020 The Epidemiological Bulletin presents the weekly damage of diseases such as Dengue, Zika, Chikungunya, respiratory diseases such as Pneumonia, Influenza and Diarrheal Diseases, Rotavirus, as well as the current situation of COVID-19. This newsletter corresponds to the week of March 15-21, 2020
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 11-11
SP  - 11
EP  - 11
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/vv3rp
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Boletin Epidemiologico semana 13 (del 22 al 28 de marzo de 2020
AU  - Ministerio de, Salud
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Resumen de eventos de notificación hasta SE 13/2020. . Situación epidemiológica de dengue. . Situación epidemiológica de zika y chikungunya. . Infección respiratoria aguda. . Neumonías. 6. Situación mundial del 2019-nCov (OMS). Situación regional de influenza y otros virus respiratorios.. Vigilancia centinela virus respiratorios. Vigilancia centinela de rotavirus. Enfermedad diarreica aguda. Fiebre tifoidea Summary of notification events until SE 13/2020. . Dengue epidemiological situation. . Epidemiological situation of Zika and Chikungunya. . Acute respiratory infection. . Pneumonia. World situation of 2019-nCov (WHO). Regional situation of influenza and other respiratory viruses. Sentinel surveillance of respiratory viruses. Rotavirus sentinel surveillance. Acute diarrheal disease. Typhoid fever
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 11-11
SP  - 11
EP  - 11
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/4m9q8
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Recomendaciones para el abordaje integral por la enfermedad COVID-19 en personas con enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles y personas adultas mayores
AU  - Ministerio de, Salud
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Personas con mayor riesgo ¿Quién tiene un mayor riesgo? La información generada durante el abordaje de la epidemia en China, donde inició la enfermedad por la COVID-19, muestra que algunas personas tienen mayor riesgo de enfermar severamente. Entre ellas se incluyen: a) Personas adultas mayores (independientemente de su condición de salud) b) Personas con condiciones médicas crónicas como: â¢ Enfermedades cardiovasculares. â¢ Diabetes mellitus. â¢ Enfermedad pulmonar crónica. â¢ Insuï¬ciencia renal crónica, principalmente con requerimientos de terapia dialítica. â¢ Cáncer (énfasis en pacientes recibiendo tratamiento). â¢ Trasplante de órganos. â¢ En terapia inmunosupresora.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 1
IS  - 
PG  - 8-8
SP  - 8
EP  - 8
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/wrdst
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Lineamientos técnicos para facilitar la asistencia de donantes voluntarios altruistas de sangre a los bancos de sangre del sistema nacional integrado de salud, en la emergencia nacional por la pandemia de covid19
AU  - Ministerio de, Salud
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Ante la emergencia nacional decretada por la pandemia de la enfermedad COVID-19, se ha presentado una considerable reducción de la asistencia de personas donantes voluntarias altruistas de sangre a la Red Nacional de Bancos de Sangre, lo cual a corto plazo, puede ocasionar un desabastecimiento de hemocomponentes que son vitales para la atención de emergencias, así como también en el tratamiento de pacientes con diversas enfermedades en la Red de Hospitales del Sistema Nacional Integrado de Salud. Con el propósito de facilitar que las personas que son donantes voluntarios, puedan asistir a los Bancos de sangre, se elaboran los presentes lineamientos en los cuales se establecen los mecanismos para facilitar el traslado de los donantes, así como también se brindan las indicaciones a seguir por los Bancos de Sangre del Sistema Nacional Integrado de Salud. In the face of the national emergency decreed by the COVID-19 disease pandemic, it has been presented a considerable reduction in the assistance of voluntary donors altruistic blood to the National Network of Blood Banks, which in the short term, can cause a shortage of blood components that are vital for the care of emergencies, as well as in the treatment of patients with various diseases in the Hospital Network of the National Integrated Health System. In order to make it easier for people who are voluntary donors to attend Blood banks, these guidelines are drawn up in which the mechanisms to facilitate the transfer of donors, as well as the provision of directions to follow by the Blood Banks of the Integrated National Health System.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 1
IS  - 
PG  - 11-11
SP  - 11
EP  - 11
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://asp.salud.gob.sv/regulacion/default.asp http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/8u85t
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preparedness is Essential for Western Pacific Islands during the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Mei, Yujie
AU  - Hu, Jijia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objectives:To clarify the pandemic status in Western Pacific countries or territories.Methods:The WHO’s daily situation reports of COVID-19 were reviewed from January 20, 2020, to March 24, 2020. Changes in the infections, deaths, and the case fatality rate (CFR) in Western Pacific countries or territories were counted.Results:As of March 24, 17 countries or territories had reported the presence of COVID-19 in the Western Pacific Region, 96, 580 people have been infected and a total of 3, 502 deaths. 53.0 % (9/17) of these countries or territories had their first case within two weeks since the WHO’s first report, most are China’s neighbors with a large and dense population. No other country or territory in this region reported a new infection from January 30 to February 28. However, seven (47.0 %) countries or territories have reported the first cases in three weeks since February 28, almost all are islands. Many countries maintained a small number of infections for a long time after the first report, but a rapid increase occurred later. Deaths occurred in eight countries with a total CFR of 3.63 %, and the CFR varies widely, from 0.39 % (Singapore) to 7.14 % (Philippines).Conclusions:The regional spread of COVID-19 urgently requires an aggressive preparedness for the Western Pacific Islands.
JO  - Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-11
SP  - 1
EP  - 11
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/dmp.2020.102
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/preparedness-is-essential-for-western-pacific-islands-during-the-covid19-pandemic/6227107D5C0043AE8F5CA27BA6568073
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and the Air We Breathe
AU  - McNeill, V. Faye
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In a dense urban area like this one, most residents have no access to private outdoor space and rely on public parks for exercise, the mental health boost that comes from a connection with nature, and fresh air. Conscientious city dwellers now ponder how to maintain safe social distance while sharing limited outdoor space with others. Official recommendations in the United States have converged on 6 ft of distance as the rule of thumb(1) for avoiding the exchange of potentially infective respiratory droplets and aerosols, but these recommendations were devised on the basis of observations made in the 1930s for hospital environments.(2) Do they hold for outdoors, in a breeze? During exercise? In some places, the outdoor air that we seek is fresher than before the pandemic. Shutdowns have resulted in much lower emissions of pollutants related to travel and commercial activity, but other sources of air pollution have remained stable or even increased. Household electricity use has increased dramatically, and consumption patterns have shifted as a result of our new, more intensely domestic lifestyle. These changes in emissions coincide with the seasonal meteorological changes that come with the transition from winter into spring, complicating the identification and interpretation of trends from satellite data and long-term monitoring networks
JO  - ACS Earth and Space Chemistry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1021/acsearthspacechem.0c00093
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsearthspacechem.0c00093
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Orthopaedic Surgical Selection and Inpatient Paradigms During the Coronavirus COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Massey, Patrick A.
AU  - McClary, Kaylan
AU  - Zhang, Andrew S
AU  - Savoie, Felix H
AU  - Barton, R. Shane
PY  - 9000
PD  - 
N2  - The Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, also known as SARS-CoV-2, has placed an immense strain on health care systems across the entire world. Consequently, multiple federal and state governments have placed restrictions on hospitals such as limiting “elective surgery” and recommending social or physical distancing. We review the literature on several areas that have been affected including surgical selection, inpatient care, and physician well-being. These areas affecting inpatient paradigms include surgical priority, physical or social distancing, file sharing for online clinical communications, and physician wellness. During this crisis, it is important that orthopaedic departments place an emphasis on personnel safety and slowing the spread of the virus, so that the department can still maintain vital functions. Physical Distancing and emerging technologies such as inpatient telemedicine and online file sharing applications can enable orthopaedic programs to still function, while attempting to protect medical staff and patients from COVID-19 spread. This literature review sought to provide evidence-based guidance to orthopaedic departments during an unprecedented time. Orthopaedic surgeons should follow the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guidelines, wear PPE when appropriate, have teams created utilizing physical distancing, understand the department’s policy on elective surgery, and engage in routines which enhance physician wellness. Address correspondence and requests for reprints to: Patrick A. Massey, MD, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Louisiana State University Health, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71103 USA, (Ph) 410-419-1748; (Fax) 318-675-6186; E-mail: pmasse@lsuhsc.edu. IRB: This is a standard review not requiring any IRB approval Support: No external funding was used for this study. Conflict of Interest Statement: The authors have no competing interests. Received April 07, 2020 © 2020 by American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons
JO  - JAAOS - Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Publish Ahead of Print
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00124635-900000000-99126
DO  - 10.5435/jaaos-d-20-00360
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/jaaos/Fulltext/9000/Orthopaedic_Surgical_Selection_and_Inpatient.99126.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Impact of COVID-19 on Cancer Patients: Lessons From China & Italy
AU  - LaCorte, Sarah
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Oncology Times
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 42
IS  - 8
PG  - 13,21
SP  - 13,21
EP  - 
AN  - 00130989-202004200-00005
DO  - 10.1097/01.Cot.0000661868.76700.93
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/oncology-times/Fulltext/2020/04200/The_Impact_of_COVID_19_on_Cancer_Patients__Lessons.5.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Drawing on Israel’s Experience Organizing Volunteers to Operationalize Drive-Through Coronavirus Testing Centers
AU  - Kim, Edward
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - To increase the country’s capacity to test and track suspected coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases, Israel launched drive-through testing centers in key cities, including Tel Aviv, Jerusalem, Be’er Sheva, and Haifa. This article examines the challenges that the national emergency medical services and volunteers faced in the process of implementing drive-through testing centers to offer lessons learned and direction to healthcare professionals in other countries.
JO  - Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-7
SP  - 1
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/dmp.2020.104
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/drawing-on-israels-experience-organizing-volunteers-to-operationalize-drivethrough-coronavirus-testing-centers/1E9310A950A05FC92B8ADB7D5057801F
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19 (Coronavirus): Challenges for Psychiatry
AU  - Kelly, Brendan D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - It is now clear that Covid-19 presents twomajor health problems. The first problem is the illness caused by the virus itself which is usually self-limiting but can be fatal, especially in the vulnerable, the elderly and people with underlying health conditions. The second problem is the anxiety and panic that the virus triggers in the minds of virtually everyone whohears about it. Both problems present substantial challenges to psychiatry.
JO  - The British Journal of Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-6
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1192/bjp.2020.86
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/covid19-coronavirus-challenges-for-psychiatry/5252E925D6B5A3D0B2E7250966D6DEE8
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Plagues, pandemics and epidemics in Irish history prior to Covid-19 (coronavirus): What can we learn?
AU  - Kelly, Brendan D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objectives:This paper seeks to provide a brief overview of epidemics and pandemics in Irish history and to identify any lessons that might be useful in relation to psychiatry in the context of Covid-19.Methods:Review of key reports, papers and publications.Results:Viruses, epidemics and pandemics are recurring features of human history. Early Irish sources record a broad array of plagues, pandemics and epidemics including bubonic plague, typhus, cholera, dysentery and smallpox, as well as an alleged epidemic of insanity in the nineteenth century (that never truly occurred). Like the Spanish flu pandemic (1918-20), Covid-19 (a new coronavirus) presents both the challenge of the illness itself and the problems caused by the anxiety that the virus triggers. Managing this anxiety has always been a challenge, especially with the Spanish flu. People with mental illness had particularly poor outcomes with the Spanish flu, often related to the large, unhygienic mental hospitals in which so many were housed.Conclusions:Even today, a full century after the Spanish flu pandemic, people with mental illness remain at increased risk of poor physical health, so it is imperative that multi-disciplinary care continues during the current outbreak of Covid-19, despite the manifest difficulties involved. The histories of previous epidemics and pandemics clearly demonstrate that good communication and solidarity matter, now more than ever, especially for people with mental illness.
JO  - Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-15
SP  - 1
EP  - 15
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/ipm.2020.25
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/plagues-pandemics-and-epidemics-in-irish-history-prior-to-covid19-coronavirus-what-can-we-learn/BE614BA87BB635F77C91D5BE3AC9AA1E
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Remote consultations in the era of COVID-19 pandemic: Preliminary experience in a regional Australian public acute mental health care setting
AU  - Kavoor, A. R.
AU  - Chakravarthy, K.
AU  - John, T.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In the wake of the recent pandemic of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), with confirmed cases having crossed 750,000, health systems across the world are getting overwhelmed; making it strenuous to maintain essential health services. Several changes were implemented in our acute mental health care service using a collaborative approach to maintain a balance between preventive measures to ‘flatten the curve’ and to provide care to those who were in need. Mode of service delivery was changed predominantly to tele-medicine, amongst others. It was found to be a workable model, albeit further follow up will be required to better understand its viability and feasibility to withstand the COVID-19 cataclysm.
JO  - Asian Journal of Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 51
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102074
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005541637 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102074
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Patients with chronic illness urgently need integrated physical and psychological care during the COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Kang, C.
AU  - Yang, S.
AU  - Yuan, J.
AU  - Xu, L.
AU  - Zhao, X.
AU  - Yang, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Asian Journal of Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 51
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102081
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005534968 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102081
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Strategies of strengthening the supporting role of science and technology in public health emergency: A case study on the COVID-19
AU  - Jun, D. U.
AU  - Ni, L. I.
AU  - Zhihua, L. I. U.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective@#The research was aimed to discuss the role of science and technology research in the public health emergency response, and to provide theoretical support for building Healthy China, implementing the National Strategy of Innovation-Driven Development.@*Methods@#Take COVID-19 as an example, to sum up the characteristics and the function of science and technology research in the public health emergency prevention and control system.@*Results@#In order to make the scientific and technological research as the supporting system in public health emergency, we need to strengthen the basic research, to improve the research and development for controlling product with the independent intellectual property, to optimize the training system and evaluating system in public health technology, to deepen the international collaboration and to popularize the basic scientific knowledge.@*Conclusions@#Through systematically arrangement for disease controlling and prevention, for the industrial supporting, for the health improvement, for the talent training system and for the cooperation and the communication, we need to fasten the technological innovation for better preparation and responding to public health emergencies.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Medical Science Research Management
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 4
PG  - E009-E009
SP  - E009
EP  - E009
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn113565-20200214-00001
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Diagnosis and rational approach to emergency vascular surgery in the shadow of novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - Jun, B. A. I.
AU  - Lefeng, Q. U.
AU  - Jie, J. I. N.
AU  - Jianjin, W. U.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective@#To explore a safe, effective and rapid rescue method and key points for the management of vascular surgical emergencies in an area under guaranting Covid-19 (corona virus disease 2019) .@*Methods@#Under the guidance of COVID-19 diagnosis and treatment guidelines , 4 cases of vascular surgical emergency patients admitted to our department from Feb 1 to Feb 10, 2020 were screened for COVID-19 and given emergency vascular surgical treatment.@*Results@#Two patients had acute thoracic aortic dissection, one patient had acute left foot ulcer with infection, one patient had severe carotid artery stenosis and frequent TIA. All patients were diagnosed quickly according to the three-level triage process. Endovascular repair (TEVAR) was performed in 2 cases, carotid stenting in 1 case, and left foot amputation in 1 case. Two patients running postoperative fever below 38℃ were safely excluded COVID-19 and cured. There were no other major morbidities nor mortality.@*Conclusions@#Under the COVID-19 prevention and control guidelines, the establishing of a comprehensive prevention and control system of patient-medicine-care-management helps to perform confine operation on vascular surgical emergency.
JO  - Chinese Journal of General Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 12
PG  - E002-E002
SP  - E002
EP  - E002
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn113855-20200216-00086
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epitope finding in 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV): The first world report
AU  - Joob, B.
AU  - Wiwanitkit, V.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 13
IS  - 4
PG  - 187-188
SP  - 187
EP  - 188
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4103/1995-7645.277515
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L631436280 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1995-7645.277515
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Treatment of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia based on the theory of &#039;three syndromes and three methods&#039
AU  - Zhijun, L. I.
AU  - Yinping, L. I.
AU  - Bochao, Wang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The latest diagnosis and treatment plan (4th edition) of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia has been issued. The diagnosis and treatment plan highlights the concept of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine, and Xuebijing injection was referred for three times. Xuebijing injection was successfully developed based on the theory of &#039;three syndromes and three methods&#039;. The theory of &#039;three syndromes and three methods&#039; is a theoretical system of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine on critical diseases proposed by Professor Wang Jinda and his team in the 1970s, and it is one of the main contents of Wang Jinda&#039;s academic thought. The theory of &#039;three syndromes and three methods&#039; has a deep foundation of traditional Chinese medicine theory, and it is still being continuously enriched and improved. It is also supported by multiple evidence-based data. Therefore, &#039;three syndromes and three methods&#039; has rich theoretical connotation and tenacious vitality.
JO  - Chinese Critical Care Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 12
PG  - 5-7
SP  - 5
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.issn.2095-4352.2020.01.003
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The preventive strategies of community hospital in the battle of fighting pandemic COVID-19 in Taiwan
AU  - Yang, C. J.
AU  - Chen, T. C.
AU  - Chen, Y. H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jmii.2020.03.019
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005547827 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2020.03.019
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Interpretation of &amp;quot;expert consensus on elderly patients with hip fractures under epidemic of novel coronavirus pneumonia&amp;quot
AU  - Yan, H. U.
AU  - Liehu, C. A. O.
AU  - Biaotong, Huang
AU  - Jiye, H. E.
AU  - Zhengrong, G. U.
AU  - Xiao, Chen
AU  - Guohui, L. I. U.
AU  - Ximing, L. I. U.
AU  - Yanxi, Chen
AU  - Dongliang, Wang
AU  - Jiacan, S. U.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - With aim to reasonably cope with the elderly patients with hip fracture during epidemic of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Professor Su Jiacan and Academician Zhang Yingze organized the &amp;quot;expert consensus on elderly patients with hip fractures under epidemic of novel coronavirus pneumonia&amp;quot; that for the first time formulated the management strategies for the elderly patients with hip fracture including selection of surgical methods and protective measures for medical staff from perspective of orthopedic surgeons. The authors interpret the clinical guiding value and key points of diagnosis and treatment of the consensus to help clinicians better understand the consensus and strengthen its practical application.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Trauma
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 12
PG  - 133-136
SP  - 133
EP  - 136
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-8050.2020.02.007
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Expressions of multiple inflammation markers in the patients with 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia and their clinical values
AU  - Yaling, S. H. I.
AU  - Jingyi, O. U.
AU  - Xing, Chen
AU  - Mingkai, T. A. N.
AU  - Fang, L. I.
AU  - Yanxia, L. I. U.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective@#To explore the Expressions of multiple inflammation markers in the patients with 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) and their clinical values, and to provide theoretical basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.@*Methods@#A total of 164 patients, diagnosed with COVID-19 and admitted to Guangzhou Eighth People&amp;apos;s Hospital from January to February 2020, were selected as the research group and divided into three groups (ordinary, severe, and critically severe pneumonia) according to the disease severity. Meandwhile 66 non-infected patients during the same period were selected as negative control group. The expressions of WBC, LYM, CRP, SAA, and PCT were retrospective studied and compared between groups. The diagnostic values of WBC, CRP, SAA and the combination of these three markers in all patients with COVID-19 and in different severity groups were analyzed by ROC curve.@*Results@#Compared with control group (WBC count :8.13(6.51,9.42)×109/L, LYM count:2.00(1.28,2.43)×109/L), WBC count [4.94(4.05, 6.67) ×109/L] and LYM count [1.33(0.94, 1.96) ×109/L] of COVID-19 patients were significantly reduced (Z=-7.435, P&amp;lt;0.01; Z=-4.906, P&amp;lt;0.01) . Compared with the control group [CRP: 1.36 (0.57~5.67) mg/ml; SAA:[4.98 (4.80~15.75) mg/mL], CRP [7.93 (2.45~23.98) mg/ml] and SAA [34.13 (4.83~198.40) mg/ml] were increased in research group (Z=-5.72, P&amp;lt;0.01; Z=-4.166, P&amp;lt;0.01) . PCT in the control group and the research group were 0.100 0(0.030 6~0.100 0)ng/ml and 0.044 5(0.031 6~0.077 0)ng/ml, respectively. There was no statistical difference between two groups (Z=-1.451, P=0.147) . The areas under the ROC curve (AUC) of WBC, CRP and SAA in patients with COVID-19 were 0.814, 0.742, 0.673, respectively (P&amp;lt;0.01), while the AUC of the combination of three indexes for COVID-19 diagnosis was 0.882, with 83.33%(55/66) specificity and 84.76% (139/164) sensitivity, P&amp;lt;0.01.The AUCs of WBC, CRP, and SAA for predicting severe and critically severe COVID-19 were 0.799, 0.779, and 0.886 , respectively (P&amp;lt;0.01), and the AUC of the combination of three indexes for the diagnosis of severe and critically severe COVID-19 was 0.924, with 78.67% (118/150) specificity and 14/14 sensitivity (P&amp;lt;0.01).@*Conclusion@#Combining detection of WBC, CRP and SAA can improve the specificity and sensitivity of COVID-19 diagnosis, with a high diagnostic value for severe and critically severe COVID-19.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Laboratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 12
PG  - E013-E013
SP  - E013
EP  - E013
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn114452-20200214-00073
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Current status and progress of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia Experience of treating severe cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Changde area
AU  - Xinying, Yang
AU  - Congliang, Miao
AU  - Mengdi, J. I. N.
AU  - Dandan, Zhou
AU  - Jinqiang, Zhuang
AU  - Jiang, Hong
AU  - Xin, J. I. N.
AU  - Yimin, Fang
AU  - Shaohua, Huang
AU  - Lin, L. U. O.
AU  - Yunjian, Q. I. N.
AU  - Rui, Zhou
AU  - Yue, Peng
AU  - Mingshi, Yang
AU  - Yuhang, A. I.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Recently, the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) pneumonia outbroke in Wuhan and rapidly spread to all over China and even the world. Because of the strong infectivity and various clinical symptoms, it has brought certain difficulties to the epidemic prevention and control. Currently there is no specific drug for 2019-nCoV. Previous drugs used to treat other coronaviruses may be effective, but further clinical trials remain needed. We reviewed literature on the epidemiology, etiology, clinical manifestations, imaging manifestations, laboratory examination, diagnosis, complications, treatment and outcome of 2019-nCoV pneumonia. Since the cluster of the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) pneumonia, a large number of patients gathered, the mortality of critical patients has remained high and the treatment was unclear. In this outbreak, Hunan Changde region immediately set up a hospital and intensive care unit. The patients relieved through respiratory support, hemodynamics management, nutritional support, the application of antiviral drugs, analgesic and sedation. The treatment experience in severe cases of 2019-nCov pneumonia patients were summarized as follows: in terms of respiratory support, we needed to pay attention to the advantages of high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy (HFNC) and the intervention of mechanical ventilation, pay attention to the ventilator parameters, and adopt prone position timely. In the aspects of fluid resuscitation and volume management, we should pay attention to the characteristics of severe patients&amp;apos; volume status, perform early evaluation, and clinicians should focused on hemodynamic management beside the bed. In the aspect of nutritional support and evaluation and maintenance of intestinal function, early enteral nutrition should be adopted in time. However, the trade-off between the risk of intestinal function and nutritional support in patients with mechanical ventilation and the antiviral benefits of Kaletra needed to be reevaluated, the optimized way of analgesia and sedation was adopted, at the same time, the usage and side effects of antiviral drugs should be paid attention to. We should grasp the opportunity of transportation for severe patients. It is suggested that some warning scores should be used to facilitate early recognition of patients with severe infection and then they should be earlier transferred to the designated hospital for intensive care.
JO  - Chinese Critical Care Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 12
PG  - E006-E006
SP  - E006
EP  - E006
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.issn.2095-4352.2020.0006 http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.issn.2095-4352.2020.01.005
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Sidelines Breast Cancer Screening
AU  - Wilson, Rebecca
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Oncology Times
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 42
IS  - 8
PG  - 14
SP  - 14
EP  - 
AN  - 00130989-202004200-00006
DO  - 10.1097/01.COT.0000661872.89148.a2
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/oncology-times/Fulltext/2020/04200/COVID_19_Sidelines_Breast_Cancer_Screening.6.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Correction: Immunodominant SARS Coronavirus Epitopes in Humans Elicited Both Enhancing and Neutralizing Effects on Infection in Non-human Primates
AU  - Wang, Qidi
AU  - Zhang, Lianfeng
AU  - Kuwahara, Kazuhiko
AU  - Li, Li
AU  - Liu, Zijie
AU  - Li, Taisheng
AU  - Zhu, Hua
AU  - Liu, Jiangning
AU  - Xu, Yanfeng
AU  - Xie, Jing
AU  - Morioka, Hiroshi
AU  - Sakaguchi, Nobuo
AU  - Qin, Chuan
AU  - Liu, Gang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Two pathological pictures of Vac1 and Vac2 of DPI 2 in Figure 7C were unfortunately misplaced (left, top two pictures). Due to color fading of the positive cells in the original pathological section, we resected the paraffin-embedded lung tissue blocks and stained them with the same antibody. The wrong ones were replaced in this corrected Figure 7C. In addition, the blue lines should be the results of mAb219-10-28 + HBV peptide and hW49 + HBV peptide in Figure 4B,C; they were incorrectly labeled as mAb219-10-28 + S597-625 and hW49 + S597-625, respectively.
JO  - ACS Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1021/acsinfecdis.0c00148
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsinfecdis.0c00148
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID 2019 – ROLE OF FACULTY MEMBERS TO KEEP MENTAL ACTIVENESS OF STUDENTS
AU  - Varalakshmiw, V.
AU  - Arunachalamw, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Asian Journal of Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 51
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102091
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005534927 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102091
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: La nueva pandemia con muchas lecciones y nuevos retos. Revisión Narrativa
AU  - Valero-Cedeño, Nereida Josefina
AU  - Mina-Ortiz, Jhon Bryan
AU  - Veliz-Castro, Teresa Isabel
AU  - Merchán-Villafuerte, Karina Maricela
AU  - Perozo-Mena, Armindo José
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - El nuevo coronavirus (2019-nCoV, SARS-CoV-2 o COVID-19) que hasta el momento ha afectado a más de 180 países de casi todos los continentes, fue declarado por la Organización Mundial de la Salud como pandemia por su alcance mundial y hasta la fecha, ha sobrepasado el millón de casos de infectados, de los cuales el 5,54% han sido letales. La emergencia de esta enfermedad, se ha explicado por el surgimiento de un coronavirus humano desconocido con incrementados factores de virulencia. El número exponencialmente creciente de casos en el mundo, refleja en parte la rápida transmisión del COVID-19, que se traduce en una dura prueba para los sistemas de salud de los países más afectados. Los retos que ha representado esta pandemia, muchos han tenido sus bases en las lecciones aprendidas de la pandemia de SARS en 2003 y dado el parecido genómico de esta nueva cepa de coronavirus, ha sido designado como SARS-CoV-2. No obstante, los parecidos, hay muchas preguntas aun por responder, especialmente en lo que respecta a los mecanismos de transmisión. Contar con datos detallados y precisos permitirá comprender y hacer un seguimiento del alcance de esta pandemia y fortalecer los esfuerzos de prevención y respuesta, en virtud que hasta el momento los tratamientos son experimentales y la vacuna podría estar disponible a mediano o largo plazo. The new coronavirus (2019-nCoV, SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19), which so far has affected more than 180 countries on almost every continent, was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization. its global reach and to date, has exceeded one million infected cases, of which 5.54% have been fatal. The emergence of this disease has been explained by the presence of an unknown human coronavirus with increased virulence factors. The exponentially increasing number of cases in the world reflects in part the rapid transmission of COVID-19, which translates into a severe test for the health systems of the most affected countries. The challenges that this pandemic has represented, many have been based on the lessons learned from the SARS pandemic in 2003 and given the genomic similarity of this new strain of coronavirus, it has been designated as SARS-CoV-2. However, the like, there are many questions still to be answered, especially with regard to transmission mechanisms. Having detailed and accurate data will make it possible to understand and monitor the scope of this pandemic and strengthen prevention and response efforts, since the treatments are so far experimental and the vaccine may be available in the medium or long term.
JO  - Kasmera
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 48
IS  - 1
PG  - e48102042020-e48102042020
SP  - e48102042020
EP  - e48102042020
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://drive.google.com/file/d/1bmMdyOJh0KrIMQ_vDEjm0vKjgHkU1tLx/view?usp=sharing https://drive.google.com/file/d/1V-bTSXVrSy9rf30rEwZToqTFIB31e-Hl/view?usp=sharing https://drive.google.com/file/d/1yofpFHauFxvA-lrZZjPuU2VEDjMLdovv/view?usp=sharing
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Evidencia disponible sobre covid-19 en mujeres embarazadas y lactancia materna
AU  - Instituto Nacional de, Salud
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - La enfermedad por coronavirus (COVID-19) es ocasionada por un patógeno emergente de rápida propagación, que está causando miles de casos y muertes a nivel mundial, preocupando a la sociedad debido a que la mayor tasa de letalidad está en una de las poblaciones susceptibles (los mayores de 60 años), sin embargo, existe otras poblaciones (embarazadas, inmunosuprimidos, pacientes con padecimientos crónicos, otros) que al igual pueden verse afectadas por el virus. La mujer representa mayor susceptibilidad especialmente en el embarazo, parto y postparto, así como el recién nacido, esto preocupa a la obstetricia ya que aún no se cuenta con mucha información que describa de manera contundente las consecuencias de este en el embarazo y la lactancia. Por tanto, se brinda una búsqueda en este campo a la luz de las pocas investigaciones descritas por algunos científicos y recomendaciones del Centro de control de enfermedades (CDC) de Atlanta y la Organización mundial de la salud (OMS), que podría ayudar a comprender las posibles implicaciones como resultado de padecer COVID-19 en esta etapa del ciclo de la vida. Antecedentes SARS y MERS. Los científicos están tratando de comprender al nuevo agente infeccioso tomando en cuenta la experiencia tenida con SARS y MERS. Así se tiene que, con respecto a SARS no hay evidencia clínica, radiológica o laboratorio para la transmisión vertical. Las mujeres fueron más propensas a presentar complicaciones: insuficiencia renal, sepsis y coagulopatía intravascular diseminada, que requerían ingreso en UCI. Los casos descritos en Hong Kong (2 casos), EUA (2 casos) y Canadá (1 caso), todas tuvieron diversas complicaciones, dos de ellas tuvieron partos de termino y otras 2 prematuros, una por petición de la madre termino el embarazo. La letalidad de una serie de 12 casos de mujeres embrazadas con SARS fue del 25%. Los bebes salieron negativos a SARS-CoV. Con Síndrome respiratorio de medio oriente (MERS) se describe 13 casos sintomáticos, según los datos al igual que con SARS hubo complicaciones: tres murieron entre los 8 -25 días postparto y 8 se recuperaron(1). Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is caused by a rapidly spreading emerging pathogen, which is causing thousands of cases and deaths worldwide, worrying society because the highest case fatality rate is in one of the susceptible populations (over 60 years), without However, there are other populations (pregnant, immunosuppressed, patients with chronic conditions, others) that can also be affected by the virus. Women represent greater susceptibility especially in pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum, as well as the newborn, this worries obstetrics since there is still not much information that conclusively describes the consequences of this in pregnancy and lactation. Therefore, a search is provided in this field in light of the few research described by some scientists and recommendations of the Center for Disease Control (CDC) of Atlanta and the World Health Organization (WHO), which could help understand the possible implications as a result of having COVID-19 at this stage of the life cycle. SARS and MERS Background. Scientists are trying to understand the new infectious agent based on experience with SARS and MERS. Thus, with respect to SARS, there is no clinical, radiological or laboratory evidence for vertical transmission. Women were more likely to have complications: renal failure, sepsis and disseminated intravascular coagulopathy, requiring admission to the ICU. The cases described in Hong Kong (2 cases), USA (2 cases) and Canada (1 case), all had various complications, two of them had term deliveries and the other 2 premature, one at the request of the mother pregnancy ended. The case fatality of a series of 12 cases of pregnant women with SARS was 25%. Babies tested negative for SARS-CoV. With Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) describes 13 symptomatic cases, according to the data as with SARS there were complications: three died between 8-25 days postpartum and 8 they recovered (1).
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 1
IS  - 
PG  - 8-8
SP  - 8
EP  - 8
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://drive.google.com/drive/u/0/folders/1puxA-U7z9nj1sx7uM9HNCjxbzEXR0r62 http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/ckj7c
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Evidencia disponible acerca de la infección covid-19 en pacientes con vih/sida
AU  - Instituto Nacional de, Salud
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Ante la emergencia que el país enfrenta por COVID-19 y con el objetivo de proporcionar información que ayude a la toma de decisiones basada en evidencia, se ha realizado una revisión de la información disponible acerca de las consideraciones especiales que los profesionales de salud y las personas que viven con VIH deben tener en cuenta. Se realizó una búsqueda en diferentes revistas científicas, repositorios de prepint, declaraciones de organismos internacionales y gubernamental, noticias, entre otros con el objetivo de analizar la evidencia disponible acerca de los principales temas como: riesgo de co-infección de COVID-19-VIH, tratamiento con antirretrovirales, monitoreo clínico y de laboratorio, manejo de personas con VIH en cuarentena, manejo clínico de co-infección COVID-19 y VIH y co-infección VIH-TB y COVID-19 que se presentan a continuación: 1. Riesgo de infección de COVID-19 en personas con VIH: Al momento, no hay evidencia que haga pensar que existe un mayor riesgo de infección o de gravedad con COVID-19 en personas con VIH clínicamente estables respecto a las personas sin VIH. Organismos como OMS(1), CDC(2), los NIH(3), ONUSIDA(4) y EACS (Sociedad Clínica Europea de SIDA) (5) coinciden que a pesar de ello, no se puede olvidar que la presencia de factores de riesgo descritos como(6): edad mayor de 50 años, presencia de comorbilidades como: ERC, HTA, diabetes, tabaquismo crónico aumentan el riesgo de una complicación o muerte en COVID-19, especialmente aquellas con VIH avanzado o VIH mal controlado (recuento de CD4 &lt; 500 mm3). Given the emergency that the country is facing due to COVID-19 and with the aim of providing information that To assist evidence-based decision-making, a review of available information has been conducted about special considerations that health professionals and people living with HIV should consider. A search was made in different scientific journals, prepint repositories, statements from international and governmental organizations, news, among others, with the aim of analyzing the available evidence on the main topics such as: risk of co-infection of COVID-19-HIV , antiretroviral treatment, clinical and laboratory monitoring, management of people with HIV in quarantine, clinical management of co-infection COVID-19 and HIV and co-infection HIV-TB and COVID-19 presented below: 1. Risk of COVID-19 infection in people with HIV: At the moment, there is no evidence to suggest that there is an increased or serious risk of infection with COVID-19 in clinically stable people with HIV compared to people without HIV. Organizations such as WHO (1), CDC (2), NIH (3), UNAIDS (4) and EACS (European Clinical Society for AIDS) (5) agree that despite this, it cannot be forgotten that the presence of factors risk factors described as (6): age over 50 years, presence of comorbidities such as: CKD, AHT, diabetes, chronic smoking increase the risk of a complication or death in COVID-19, especially those with advanced HIV or poorly controlled HIV ( CD4 count &lt;500 mm3).
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 1
IS  - 
PG  - 8-8
SP  - 8
EP  - 8
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://drive.google.com/drive/u/0/folders/1puxA-U7z9nj1sx7uM9HNCjxbzEXR0r62 http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/rm8a4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Medidas de protección en personal de salud para prevención de COVID-19
AU  - Instituto Nacional de, Salud
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - La pandemia de la enfermedad por coronavirus (COVID 19)(1) es una enfermedad infecciosa causada por el coronavirus 2 del síndrome respiratorio agudo severo (SARS-CoV-)(2) que se detectó en Wuhan, China en diciembre 2019 y al momento se registran más de 500 mil casos y más de 25 mil muertes a nivel mundial (3). En El Salvador, el primer caso se notificó el día 18 de marzo y actualmente se registran 13 casos positivos. A partir del 11 de marzo, se decretó una cuarentena en centros de contención a toda persona que ingresara al país vía aérea o terrestre y el 21 de marzo se decretó cuarentena nacional por 30 días, lo cual ha significado habilitar al momento un total de 2 462 personas en 61 albergues a nivel nacional1. En este sentido, el personal de salud es quién está en la primera línea de atención de pacientes sospechosos y confirmados con COVID-19, ya que se encuentra al frente en la vigilancia y búsqueda en el área de manejo de pacientes con problemas respiratorios (área de IRAS) de los establecimientos de salud, y además, son quienes coordinan, examinan a todas las persona que se encuentran en los centros de contención. El número de personal de salud infectado por coronavirus no deja de crecer día tras día, para el 25 de marzo, España (4) había reportado 6500 contagiados entre los trabajadores sanitarios de un total de 47 600 casos (13.6%) e Italia (5) reportó 4824 contagios en personal de salud de casi 75 mil casos (6.4%); porcentajes mayores a lo reportado por China, donde el personal de salud contagiado por COVID-19 (2.7%) ha sido significativamente menor en comparación con los infectados por SARS (21.1%)(6).
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 1
IS  - 
PG  - 10-10
SP  - 10
EP  - 10
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://desastres.salud.gob.sv/regalbergues.php http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/gx99y
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Discussions on the emergency medical procedure of children&amp;apos;s hospitals against COVID-19 epidemic
AU  - Hongzhen, X. U.
AU  - Shuohui, Chen
AU  - Tianlin, Wang
AU  - Gang, Y. U.
AU  - Can, L. A. I.
AU  - Qiang, S. H. U.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - December 2019 witnessed the outbreak of COVID-19 in Wuhan, Hubei province of China, which has soon spread nationwide and across national borders, posting a menacing pandemic threat. Children are themselves highly susceptible infectious diseases in normal times not to mention an epidemic period. Coupled with the high incidence of seasonal influenza, it is imperative to strengthen epidemiological screening of children, along with effective isolation, treatment, prevention and control measures. In view of specifics of the hospital, the authors proposed to further improve the medical emergency procedure, strictly enforcing screening and isolation regulations, and standardizing medical procedure. They also proposed scientific layout and use of the infection wards. These measures are designed to control the epidemic and protect the safety of medical staff.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Hospital Administration
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 12
PG  - E009-E009
SP  - E009
EP  - E009
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112225-20200218-00185
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Study on the relationship between the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease epidemic in China and population migration from Wuhan
AU  - Hongtian, L. I.
AU  - Zhihao, Cheng
AU  - Yongying, Huang
AU  - Jianmeng, L. I. U.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective@#To investigate the relationship between the epidemic of Coronavirus Disease in 2019 (COVID-19) in China and population migration from Wuhan before the city implemented strict migration restrictions.@*Methods@#We collected the cumulative number of confirmed cases with COVID-19 up to January 31, 2020 from the official website of the health administrative departments, and information on population migration out of Wuhan during January 10, 2020 and January 24, 2020, approximately half months prior to the implementation of strict migration restrictions by the city, from Baidu population-migration big data platform. Population migration data were provided for the top 100 cities in the form of percentage values, calculated as the number of migrants from Wuhan into these cities divided by the total number of migrants out of Wuhan during the same period multiplied by 100%. The two-independent sample non-parametric Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used to compare the distribution of cumulative number of cases between the top 100 cities and the remaining 205 non-top 100 cities of China. The relationship between the cumulative number of cases and the percentage of migrants from Wuhan into the top 100 cities were further assessed by Pearson correlation and by multiple linear regression with adjustment for population size, population density, and GDP per capita.@*Results@#The top 100 cities accounted for 91.6% of total migrants out of Wuhan, and the top 14 cities were all in Hubei province. There were a total of 5,869 cases in the top 100 cities, with a median (interquartile range) of 21.5 (12~55) cases, whereas in the 205 non-top 100 cities there were a total of 1,063 cases, with a median (interquartile range) of 4 (2~7) cases. The median cumulative number of cases differed significantly between the two types of cities (P&amp;lt;0.001). Among the top 100 cities, there was a strong correlation between the percentage of migrants from Wuhan and the cumulated number of cases (Pearson correlation coefficient=0.92), and for every 1 percentage point increase in migrants from Wuhan the cumulative number of cases increased by approximately 42 (95%CI, 39 to 45). The number of cumulative number of cases in Wenzhou and Chongqing was detected as potential outliers in regression diagnosis (P&amp;lt;0.001, corresponding standardized residuals were 5.2 and 3.5, respectively), suggesting that the number of cases in these two cities was substantially higher than others with similar amount of migrants from Wuhan.@*Conclusions@#There is a strong positive association between the percentage of migrants from Wuhan and the epidemic status of COVID-19 infections in cities in China.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Medical Science Research Management
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 4
PG  - E007-E007
SP  - E007
EP  - E007
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn113565-20200213-00006
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Potential false-positive rate among the &amp;apos;asymptomatic infected individuals’ in close contacts of COVID-19 patients
AU  - Guihua, Zhuang
AU  - Mingwang, Shen
AU  - Lingxia, Zeng
AU  - Baibing, M. I.
AU  - Fangyao, Chen
AU  - Wenjun, L. I. U.
AU  - Leilei, P. E. I.
AU  - Xin, Q. I.
AU  - Chao, L. I.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective@#As the prevention and control of COVID-19continues to advance, the active nucleic acid test screening in the close contacts of the patients has been carrying out in many parts of China. However, the false-positive rate of positive results in the screening has not been reported up to now. But to clearify the false-positive rate during screening is important in COVID-19 control and prevention.@*Methods@#Point values and reasonable ranges of the indicators which impact the false-positive rate of positive results were estimated based on the information available to us at present. The false-positive rate of positive results in the active screening was deduced, and univariate and multivariate-probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed to understand the robustness of the findings.@*Results@#When the infection rate of the close contacts and the sensitivity and specificity of reported results were taken as the point estimates, the positive predictive value of the active screening was only 19.67%, in contrast, the false-positive rate of positive results was 80.33%. The multivariate-probabilistic sensitivity analysis results supported the base-case findings, with a 75% probability for the false-positive rate of positive results over 47%.@*Conclusions@#In the close contacts of COVID-19 patients, nearly half or even more of the &amp;apos;asymptomatic infected individuals’ reported in the active nucleic acid test screening might be false positives.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 12
PG  - 485-488
SP  - 485
EP  - 488
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200221-00144
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Prevention: Model Shows Physical Distancing Highly Effective
AU  - Goodwin, Peter M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Oncology Times
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 42
IS  - 8
PG  - 1,10
SP  - 1,10
EP  - 
AN  - 00130989-202004200-00002
DO  - 10.1097/01.Cot.0000661856.74979.72
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/oncology-times/Fulltext/2020/04200/COVID_19_Prevention__Model_Shows_Physical.2.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - ACCC Supports Oncology Community With COVID-19 Resources Oncologist Urges COVID-19 “Castrated” Live Vaccine Initiative
AU  - Goodwin, Peter M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Oncology Times
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 42
IS  - 8
PG  - 18
SP  - 18
EP  - 
AN  - 00130989-202004200-00009
DO  - 10.1097/01.COT.0000661884.57623.5b 10.1097/01.COT.0000661880.94212.8d
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/oncology-times/Fulltext/2020/04200/ACCC_Supports_Oncology_Community_With_COVID_19.9.aspx https://journals.lww.com/oncology-times/Fulltext/2020/04200/Oncologist_Urges_COVID_19__Castrated__Live_Vaccine.8.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical features of the first cases and a cluster of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Bolivia imported from Italy and Spain
AU  - Escalera-Antezana, J. P.
AU  - Lizon-Ferrufino, N. F.
AU  - Maldonado-Alanoca, A.
AU  - Alarcón-De-la-Vega, G.
AU  - Alvarado-Arnez, L. E.
AU  - Balderrama-Saavedra, M. A.
AU  - Bonilla-Aldana, D. K.
AU  - Rodríguez-Morales, A. J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Introduction: In March 2020, Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) arrived in Bolivia. Here, we report the main clinical findings, and epidemiological features of the first series of cases, and a cluster, confirmed in Bolivia. Methods: For this observational, retrospective and cross-sectional study, information was obtained from the Hospitals and the Ministry of Health for the cases that were laboratory-diagnosed and related, during March 2020. rRT-PCR was used for the detection of the RNA of SARS-CoV-2 following the protocol Charité, Berlin, Germany, from nasopharyngeal swabs. Results: Among 152 suspected cases investigated, 12 (7.9%) were confirmed with SARS-CoV-2 infected by rRT-PCR. The median age was 39 years (IQR 25–43), six of them male. Two cases proceed from Italy and three from Spain. Nine patients presented fever, and cough, five sore throat, and myalgia, among other symptoms. Only a 60 y-old woman with hypertension was hospitalized. None of the patients required ICU nor fatalities occurred in this group. Conclusions: This is the first report of surveillance of COVID-19 in Bolivia, with patients managed mainly with home isolation. Preparedness for a significant epidemic, as is going on in other countries, and the deployment of response plans for it, in the country is now taking place to mitigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the population.
JO  - Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101653
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005516782 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101653
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 
AU  - Eduardo, C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Medicas (Cordoba, Argentina)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 77
IS  - 1
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.31053/1853.0605.v77.n1.27935
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L631433663 http://dx.doi.org/10.31053/1853.0605.v77.n1.27935
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Corona virus: A novel outbreak
AU  - Dogra, A.
AU  - Goyal, B.
AU  - Sharma, A. M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, a new pneumonia case emerged in the Wuhan, Hubei province of China which had an association with the novel Corona Virus (2019-nCoV). Most of the diagnosed cases had exposure to the Huanan seafood market. The present case is the successor of three earlier similar cases of Coronavirus known as SARS-Corona (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) Virus and MERS-Corona Virus (Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome). The origin of the epidemic is still unknown and a lot of other uncertainties hinders the development of vaccines for the virus. As studies suggest that this virus is an evolution of SARS virus concerns are growing around the world as death toll has already surpassed that of SARS virus. This paper explores about the coronavirus, its relation to the similar SARS and MERS virus, its outreach and global impact according to the current scenario.
JO  - Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 13
IS  - 1
PG  - 8-10
SP  - 8
EP  - 10
AN  - 
DO  - 10.13005/bpj/1853
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005532671 http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bpj/1853
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Practical exploration of paperless medical records for COVID-19 : Tongji Hospital as an example
AU  - Cunjian, N. A. I.
AU  - Yufei, R. E. N.
AU  - Xiaoxiang, Zhang
AU  - Yi, H. E.
AU  - Yi, P. E. I.
AU  - Lan, M. O. U.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - December 2019 witnessed the outbreak of COVID-19 in Wuhan city and its rapid spread to other parts of China, and overseas as well. Tongji Hospital, as a designated hospital for treatment of critically ill patients, shoulders the diagnosis and treatment tasks of numerous critically ill patients of such a disease. For the purpose of handling their medical records and effectively preventing the nosocomial infection of the disease, the hospital puts in place both the electronic signature system of patients based on a Wechat applet and a paperless medical record total solution based on the data center. These measures overcome the challenges incurred by patients’ signature on paper-based records and medical records archiving during the epidemic. On the other hand, they can not only downsize the paper-based medical records, minimize the risk of infection caused by paper-based medical records via contacts, but also effectively save the hospital of its operating costs and improve its efficiency of clinical work.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Hospital Administration
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 12
PG  - E010-E010
SP  - E010
EP  - E010
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112225-20200221-00233
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Perú un escenario posible para coinfección entre COVID-19 y dengue
AU  - Correa-Prieto, Franklin Rouselbel
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Kasmera
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 48
IS  - 1
PG  - e48131619-e48131619
SP  - e48131619
EP  - e48131619
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://drive.google.com/file/d/1bmMdyOJh0KrIMQ_vDEjm0vKjgHkU1tLx/view?usp=sharing https://drive.google.com/file/d/1yofpFHauFxvA-lrZZjPuU2VEDjMLdovv/view?usp=sharing https://drive.google.com/file/d/1V-bTSXVrSy9rf30rEwZToqTFIB31e-Hl/view?usp=sharing
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Aerosol formation during non-contact &amp;quot;air-puff&amp;quot; tonometry and its significance for prevention of COVID-19
AU  - Chunchun, L. I.
AU  - Yuan, Tang
AU  - Zhangyan, Chen
AU  - Aisun, Wang
AU  - Xiaoqiong, Huang
AU  - Yanyan, Chen
AU  - Jia, Q. U.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective@#To evaluate the aerosol concentration(PM2.5,PM10.0 and aerosol particle number) formation in non-contact &amp;quot;air-puff&amp;quot; tonometry and provide suggestions for medical workers to take appropriate daily protection during the prevalence of 2019-nCoV.@*Methods@#A cross-sectional study was carried out in this study. Thirty healthy subjects were enrolled on February 22, 2020 at Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University. The intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured by non-contact &amp;quot;air-puff&amp;quot; tonometer in the ophthalmic consulting room and the hall with or without masks. PM2.5, PM10.0 and aerosol particles were recorded by air quality detector. The cumulative effects of IOP measurement, PM2.5, PM10.0 and aerosol particle number were analyzed, and the aerosol density of subjects with and without masks was compared.@*Results@#The PM2.5, PM10.0 and aerosol particles produced by the non-contact &amp;quot;air-puff&amp;quot; tonometry and increased with the increase of spray times. The IOP curves of 60 eyes of 30 subjects were measured respectively in two environments of medical consulting room and medical institution hall. It was found that PM2.5, pm10.0 and particle number fluctuated and increased with the increase of IOP measurement person times, showing cumulative effect, and the accumulation speed of aerosol density in hall was faster than that in consulting room. The density of PM2.5 and PM10.0 produced without gauze mask were (53.417±2.306) and (85.350± 3.488) &amp;#x03BC;g/m3, which were higher than those of (50.567±0.862) and (80.617±1.463) &amp;#x03BC;g/m3 with gauze mask. The differences were statistically significant (P=0.028, 0.019).@*Conclusions@#Aerosol can be produced by non-contact &amp;quot;air-puff&amp;quot; tonometer spraying, and it fluctuates with the increase of spraying times, showing a cumulative effect. The aerosol accumulation is higher in the hall with insufficient air circulation. And more aerosol can be produced without gauze mask.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Experimental Ophthalmology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 12
PG  - E010-E010
SP  - E010
EP  - E010
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.issn.115989-20200226-00112
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: What Paramedics Need to Know!
AU  - Buick, Jason E.
AU  - Cheskes, Sheldon
AU  - Feldman, Michael
AU  - Verbeek, P. Richard
AU  - Hillier, Morgan
AU  - Leong, Yuen Chin
AU  - Drennan, Ian R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Pandemicsare a rare andstressful time for healthcare providers with overwhelming caseloads, rapidly evolvinginformation, and competing priorities of self-protection,while maintaininga high level of patient care.The goal of this article is to provide paramedicswith the necessaryinformation to support their clinical practiceduring the COVID-19 pandemic.Two previous coronaviruses caused international responses; the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-1) in 2003, and the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS-CoV) in 2012.1The currentcoronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, hasbecome a public health emergency and global pandemic. While the terms are often used interchangeably, SARS-CoV-2 refers to the virus, and COVID-19 refers to the illness.For simplicitywe will use the term COVID-19 for both
JO  - CJEM
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-9
SP  - 1
EP  - 9
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/cem.2020.367
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/covid19-what-paramedics-need-to-know/FF2A72B643185708720890D1A698A504
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Paying close attention to diabetic patients with novel coronavirus infection
AU  - Bing, L. I. U.
AU  - Xuefei, L. I. U.
AU  - Min, Zhou
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A major infectious disease associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (2019-nCoV)has emerged in Wuhan, China. Current clinical studies have shown that diabetes is commonly complicated with this disorder. Hyperglycemia is a risk factor for severe infection, and also an independent risk factor for the progression of mild infection to severe infection. This may be related to the immune deficiency of diabetics. Besides, virus may cause direct damage to the islets and induce acute stress hyperglycemia. Special attention should be payed to diabetics with 2019-nCoV infection. Systemic steroid hormones should be used with particular caution in patients with 2019-nCoV infection, especially those with diabetes.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 12
PG  - E003-E003
SP  - E003
EP  - E003
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn311282-20200218-00078
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Effects of the COVID-19 Outbreak in Northern Italy: Perspectives from the Bergamo Neurosurgery Department
AU  - Bernucci, C.
AU  - Brembilla, C.
AU  - Veiceschi, P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - World Neurosurgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.wneu.2020.03.179
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005516785 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wneu.2020.03.179
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Erratum: WHO must prioritise the needs of older people in its response to the covid-19 pandemic (BMJ (2020) 368 (m1164) DOI: 10.1136/bmj.m1164)
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The last author of this letter by Peter G Lloyd-Sherlock et al (BMJ 2020;368:m1164, doi:10.1136/bmj.m1164) has asked to be removed from the article. Luis Miguel Gutierrez did not approve a revision made late during editing. His name has been removed from the article online with the agreement of all authors.
JO  - The BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1285
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L631399197 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m1285
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - AMPA Position Statement on COVID-19
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Air Medical Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.amj.2020.03.006
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005525227 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amj.2020.03.006
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Effectiveness of N95 Facepiece Respirators in Filtering Aerosol Following Storage and Sterilization
AU  - Lin, Tzu-Hsien
AU  - Tseng, Chun-Chieh
AU  - Huang, Yu-Li
AU  - Lin, Hsiu-Chuan
AU  - Lai, Chane-Yu
AU  - Lee, Shu-An
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The use of electret N95 filtering facepiece respirators (N95FFRs) after prolonged storage or treatment can reduce the expense of buying non-expired N95 and thus enable developing and developed countries to optimize their use of limited resources to against airborne particles and diseases, such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The filtration performance of five N95FFR models following long-term storage, removal of charge using isopropanol alcohol (IPA), autoclaving, or treatment with gamma-radiation was assessed using a TSI 8130 automated filter tester. Statistically significant differences were found in the penetration (P), pressure drop (Δp) and quality factor (q_f) between non-expired and expired N95 models 3M-8210 and 3M-8511. A statistically significant linear correlation was also obtained between the N95 penetration ratio (PR) and the difference between year of manufacture and time of test (DYM). The PR of N95 was more strongly influenced by eliminating the charge (for extremely out-of-date respirators) on the electret filter than by the DYM. Sterilization by gamma irradiation increased the P into non-expired and expired N95FFR models (p ＜ 0.05), reducing their q_f. The q_f of all N95FFR models, except UVEX-3200, was strongly affected by gamma irradiation, the removal of charge using IPA, autoclaving, and storage in that order. All expired models maintained acceptable filtration performance and still could be used to collect aerosol effectively, even though models 3M-8511 and 3M-1860 had been manufactured up to 13 years previously. As the COVID-19 outbreaks in 2019 and is getting worse in 2020, these data are useful in developing a global stockpiling strategy to maximize the longevity of N95FFRs for public health and healthcare workers. However, the aging of the straps and seal materials (rubbers, plastics) of the N95FFRs may affect their fit factor and effectiveness.
JO  - Aerosol and Air Quality Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 20
IS  - 4
PG  - 833-843
SP  - 833
EP  - 843
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4209/aaqr.2019.12.0620
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recomendações para cirurgia de emergência durante a pandemia do COVID-19
AU  - Lima, Daniel Souza
AU  - Leite Filho, José Alberto Dias
AU  - Gurgel, Marcus Vinicius Silva Araújo
AU  - Aguiar Neto, Antônio Fontes de
AU  - Costa, Eduardo de Farias Melo da
AU  - Maia Filho, Francisco Xavier Fernandes
AU  - Castro, Marcelo de Vasconcelos
AU  - Diniz, Aline Garcias
AU  - Borges, Gleydson Cesar de Oliveira
AU  - Ribeiro Junior, Marcelo Augusto Fontenelle
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Introdução: a pandemia provocada pelo 2019 Novel Coronavírus (COVID-19) provocou um desafio global de saúde pública, com repercussões em diversos setores da sociedade. As práticas médicas necessitaram adaptar-se no atendimento ao doente portador do COVID-19 ou suspeito. Métodos: realizou-se pesquisa bibliográfica de publicações e de diretrizes de sociedades médicas em relação às abordagens cirúrgicas de emergência nesta atual pandemia. Resultados: o material bibliográfico ainda é escasso, indefinido e de baixa evidência, mas são adequados neste momento inicial de enfrentamento do COVID-19 no Brasil. Conclusão: para reduzir o risco de contaminação dos profissionais de saúde, as técnicas e decisões cirúrgicas precisam adaptar-se ao cenário de pandemia do COVID-19.(AU) Introduction: the pandemic caused by the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) has caused a global public health challenge, with repercussions in several sectors of society. Medical practices needed to adapt in the care of patients with or suspected of having COVID-19. Methods: Bibliographic research of publications and guidelines of medical societies regarding emergency surgical approaches in this current pandemic was carried out. Results: the bibliographic material is still scarce, undefined and of low evidence, but which are adequate in this initial moment of coping with COVID-19 in Brazil. Conclusion: to reduce the risk of contamination of health professionals, surgical techniques and decisions need to adapt to the pandemic scenario of COVID-19.(AU)
JO  - J. Health Biol. Sci. (Online)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 8
IS  - 1
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://periodicos.unichristus.edu.br/jhbs/article/view/3176/1079
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How Ophthalmologists Should Understand and Respond to the Current Epidemic of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (COVID-19)
AU  - Li, Zhijie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The new coronavirus pneumonia that first appeared in Wuhan, China, in December 2019 has attracted great attention from both the Chinese government and the international community. The International Committee on Viral Classification named the virus &amp;quot;Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2&amp;quot; (SARS-CoV-2), and the WHO named the pneumonia it causes &amp;quot;Coronavirus Disease 2019&amp;quot; (COVID-19). At present, the disease is centered in Wuhan City and is spreading rapidly to all parts of China, as well as twenty other countries. About 20% of the people infected during the SARS epidemic in 2003 were employees in hospital environments. COVID-19 has infected an even greater number of heath care workers. Therefore, ophthalmologists need to understand the disease and recognize the importance of taking preventive measures. Although ophthalmologists do not work on the front lines of the outbreak, due to their area of expertise, a variety of situations, such as infection consultations or ophthalmic emergency treatments, can lead to the exposure of ophthalmologists to high-risk environments. This risk will only increase as the number of infected patients continues to increase. When dealing with seemingly normal ophthalmic patients, the vigilance of ophthalmologists and associated staff tends to be significantly reduced. To better protect patients, families, and health care workers, it is strongly recommended that in addition to the standard precautions for the care of all patients, strict contact precautions and droplet precautions need to be taken by ophthalmologists. These measures include 1) wearing an efficient mask (an N95 mask); 2) always performing hand hygiene before and after examining a patient; (3) wearing sterile gloves when entering a patient’s room and touching a patient; (4) wearing a gown when contact is expected with items and environmental surfaces surrounding a patient or when the patient is incontinent or has diarrhea or a surgical or other invasive wound with oozing fluid; 5) cleaning and disinfecting ophthalmic equipment and correctly handling medical waste after examination to prevent transmission to patients who are subsequently examined; 6) wearing goggles and a disposable mask to cover the front and sides of the face before touching a patient, as the virus could spread through the ocular surface; 7) performing the relevant screening for novel coronavirus pneumonia for regular patients who have conjunctivitis and respiratory symptoms at the same time; 8) prohibiting the use of infected patients as potential donors for corneal transplants and temporarily adding donor SARS-CoV-2 screening to the medical standard of the eye bank during the outbreak; and 9) for the purposes of scientific research, diagnosis, and other special needs, packing, shipping, and transporting collected specimens according to the relevant dangerous biological goods regulations.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Experimental Ophthalmology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 12
PG  - E003-E003
SP  - E003
EP  - E003
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.issn.2095-0160.2020.0003
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura in a Patient with Covid-19
AU  - Zulfiqar, Abrar-Ahmad
AU  - Lorenzo-Villalba, Noël
AU  - Hassler, Patrick
AU  - Andrès, Emmanuel
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura and Covid-19 Immune thrombocytopenia with lower-extremity purpura, mucosal bleeding, and cerebral microhemorrhage developed during the clinical course in a 65-year-o...
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - e43-e43
SP  - e43
EP  - e43
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMc2010472
UR  - http://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMc2010472
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical characteristics of 3,062 COVID-19 patients: a meta-analysis
AU  - Zhu, Jieyun
AU  - Ji, Pan
AU  - Pang, Jielong
AU  - Zhong, Zhimei
AU  - Li, Hongyuan
AU  - He, Cuiying
AU  - Zhang, Jianfeng
AU  - Zhao, Chunling
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE: We aim to systematically review the clinical characteristics of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). METHODS: Seven datebases were searched to collect studies about the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 from 1 January 2020 to 28 February 2020. Then, meta-analysis was performed by using Stata12.0 software. RESULTS: A total of 38 studies involving 3 062 COVID-19 patients were included. Meta-analysis showed that a higher proportion of infected patients were male (56.9%). The incidence rate of respiratory failure or ARDS was 19.5% and the fatality rate was 5.5%. Fever (80.4%), fatigue (46%), cough (63.1%) and expectoration (41.8%) were the most common clinical manifestations. Other common symptoms included muscle soreness (33%), anorexia (38.8%), chest tightness (35.7%), shortness of breath (35%), dyspnea (33.9%). Minor symptoms included nausea and vomiting (10.2%), diarrhea (12.9%), headache (15.4%), pharyngalgia(13.1%), shivering (10.9%) and abdominal pain (4.4%). Patients with asymptomatic was 11.9%. Normal leukocytes counts (69.7%), lymphopenia (56.5%), elevated C-reactive protein levels (73.6%), elevated ESR (65.6%) and oxygenation index decreased (63.6%) were observed in most patients. About 37.2% of patients with elevated D-dimer, 25.9% of patients with leukopenia, along with abnormal levels of liver function (29%) and renal function (25.5%). Other findings included leukocytosis (12.6%) and elevated procalcitonin (17.5%). Only 25.8% of patients had lesions involving single lung and 75.7% of patients had lesions involving bilateral lungs. CONCLUSIONS: The most commonly experienced symptoms of COVID-19 patients were fever, fatigue, cough and expectoration. A relatively small percentage of patients were asymptomatic. Most patients showed normal leucocytes counts, lymphopenia, elevated levels of C-reactive protein and ESR. Bilateral lungs involvement was common. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25884
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 shedding and infectivity &#x2013; Authors' reply
AU  - Zhou, Fei
AU  - Fan, Guohui
AU  - Liu, Zhibo
AU  - Cao, Bin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Fei Zhou and colleagues1 estimated mean duration of viral shedding by assessing the presence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) viral RNA in patient samples. Assessing potential infectivity is a labour-intensive process, but the presence of nucleic acid alone cannot be used to define viral shedding or infection potential, as the authors state is possible within their methods.
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30869-2
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30869-2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Department of rehabilitation medicine in Shanghai response for coronavirus disease 2019: the impact and challenges
AU  - Zhong, Zongye
AU  - Zhang, Jian
AU  - Chen, Jun
AU  - Liu, Bangzhong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.23736/S1973-9087.20.06275-9
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Stem cell-based therapy for coronavirus disease 2019
AU  - Zhao, Robert Chunhua
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has grown to be a global public health emergency since patients were first detected in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. As of April 9, 2020, the novel c...
JO  - Stem Cells and Development
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - scd.2020.0071-scd.2020.0071
SP  - scd.2020.0071
EP  - scd.2020.0071
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1089/scd.2020.0071
UR  - https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/scd.2020.0071
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The impact of COPD and smoking history on the severity of Covid-19: A systemic review and meta-analysis
AU  - Zhao, Qianwen
AU  - Meng, Meng
AU  - Kumar, Rahul
AU  - Wu, Yinlian
AU  - Huang, Jiaofeng
AU  - Lian, Ningfang
AU  - Deng, Yunlei
AU  - Lin, Su
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - AIMS: Comorbidities are associated with the severity of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19). This meta-analysis aimed to explore the risk of severe Covid-19 in patients with pre-existing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and ongoing smoking history. METHODS: A comprehensive systematic literature search was carried out to find studies published from December 2019 to 22nd March 2020 from 5 Database. The language of literature included English and Chinese. The point prevalence of severe Covid-19 in patients with pre-existing COPD and those with ongoing smoking was evaluated with this meta-analysis. RESULTS: Overall 11 case-series, published either in Chinese or English language with a total of 2002 cases were included in the study. The pooled OR of COPD and the development of severe Covid-19 was 4.38 (Fixed effect model, 95% CI: 2.34-8.20), while the OR of ongoing smoking was 1.98 (Fixed effect model, 95% CI: 1.29-3.05). There was no publication bias as examined by the funnel plot and Egger's test (p=NS). The heterogeneity of included studies was moderate for both COPD and ongoing smoking history on the severity of Covid-19. CONCLUSIONS: COPD and ongoing smoking history attribute to the worse progression and outcome of Covid-19. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25889
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Death from Covid-19 of 23 Health Care Workers in China
AU  - Zhan, Mingkun
AU  - Qin, Yaxun
AU  - Xue, Xiang
AU  - Zhu, Shuaijun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Death from Covid-19 of Health Workers in China This report describes the deaths from Covid-19 of 23 health care workers, including physicians, surgeons, a nurse, and an electrocardiography technici...
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - NEJMc2005696-NEJMc2005696
SP  - NEJMc2005696
EP  - NEJMc2005696
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMc2005696
UR  - http://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMc2005696
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prognosis when using extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for critically ill COVID-19 patients in China: a retrospective case series
AU  - Zeng, Yingchun
AU  - Cai, Zhongxiang
AU  - Xianyu, Yunyan
AU  - Yang, Bing Xiang
AU  - Song, Ting
AU  - Yan, Qiaoyuan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Critical care (London, England)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 24
IS  - 1
PG  - 148-148
SP  - 148
EP  - 148
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s13054-020-2840-8
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Concomitant neurological symptoms observed in a patient diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019
AU  - Yin, Rong
AU  - Feng, Wei
AU  - Wang, Tonghui
AU  - Chen, Gang
AU  - Wu, Tao
AU  - Chen, Dongrui
AU  - Lv, Tangfeng
AU  - Xiang, Dawei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - There has been a global outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) since December 2019. In clinical practice, not only fever and respiratory tract symptoms but also multiple organ symptoms are observed in patients diagnosed with COVID-19. Herein, we report a rare case of a patient diagnosed with COVID-19 who manifested with concomitant neurological symptoms. The patient developed fever and respiratory symptoms at disease onset, followed by muscle soreness, and subsequently altered consciousness and psychiatric symptoms, with positive signs based on neurological examination. The patient tested positive for the severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) nucleic acid (throat swab). Further, chest computed tomography (CT) revealed typical COVID-19 findings, and head CT did not reveal significant abnormalities. The patient recovered after treatment and was discharged. This rare case indicates that SARS-CoV-2 can invade the central nervous system, thus causing neurological symptoms and signs. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25888
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Treatment with convalescent plasma for COVID-19 patients in Wuhan, China
AU  - Ye, Mingxiang
AU  - Fu, Dian
AU  - Ren, Yi
AU  - Wang, Faxiang
AU  - Wang, Dong
AU  - Zhang, Fang
AU  - Xia, Xinyi
AU  - Lv, Tangfeng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The discovery of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are causing public health emergency. A handful of literatures have summarized its clinical and radiologic features, whereas therapies for COVID-19 are rather limited. In order to evaluate the efficacy of convalescent plasma therapy in COVID-19 patients, we did this timely descriptive study. 6 laboratory confirmed COVID-19 patients were enrolled and received the transfusion of ABO-compatible convalescent plasma. The efficacy of this intervention was determined by the alleviation of symptoms, changes in radiologic abnormalities and laboratory tests. No obvious adverse effect observed during the treatment. Transfusion of convalescent plasma led to a resolution of ground glass opacities (GGOs) and consolidation in patient #1, #2, #3, #4 and #6. In patient #1 and #5 who presented with SARS-CoV-2 in throat swab, convalescent plasma therapy elicited an elimination of virus. Serologic analysis indicated an immediate increase in anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers in patient #2 and #3, but not in patient #1. This study indicates that convalescent plasma therapy is effective and specific for COVID-19. This intervention has a special significance for eliminating SARS-CoV-2 and is believed to be a promising state-of-art therapy during COVID-19 pandemic crisis. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25882
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - ANTIVIRAL TREATMENT OF COVID-19
AU  - Yavuz, Serap
AU  - Ünal, Serhat
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Currently, there is not any specific effective anti-viral treatment for COVID-19. Although most of the COVID-19 patients have mild or moderate courses, up to 5-10% can have severe, potentially life-threatening course and there is an urgent need for effective drugs. Optimized supportive care remains the mainstay of therapy. There have been more than 300 clinical trials going on, various antiviral and immunomodulating agents are in various stages of evaluation for COVID-19 in those trials and some of them will be published in the next couple of months. Despite the urgent need to find an effective antiviral treatment for COVID-19 through randomized controlled studies, certain agents are being used all over the world based on either in-vitro or extrapolated evidence or observational studies. The most frequently used agents both in Turkey and all over the world including chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, lopinavir/ritonavir, favipiravir and remdesivir will be reviewed here .Nitazoxanide and ivermectin were also included in this review as they have recently been reported to have an activity against SARS-CoV-2 in-vitro and are licensed for the treatment of some other human infections.
JO  - Turkish journal of medical sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3906/sag-2004-145
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Death and dying during the pandemic
AU  - Yardley, Sarah
AU  - Rolph, Martin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - New expressions of humanity help dispel fear and protect the mental health of bereaved families Covid-19 has rapidly forced utilitarian priorities to dominate decision making. As basic freedoms are restricted, individuals are being asked to make sacrifices for the collective good, including profound changes in how we care for people who are dying and those they leave behind. Hospitals have closed their doors to visitors, separating patients from family and friends. For patients with covid-19 there is little time to adjust to the possibility of death since deterioration is rapid and death typically occurs no more than 2-3 days after a decision not to offer or to withdraw intensive care support. Reports of families denied access to patients dying from covid-19, refusals to release bodies, and restrictions on funerals are widespread.12 Some hospitals are allowing one asymptomatic visitor for patients at the end of life, providing they do not need to self-isolate and can wear appropriate personal protective equipment …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1472-m1472
SP  - m1472
EP  - m1472
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1472
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1472
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The role of imaging in 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19)
AU  - Yang, Wenjing
AU  - Sirajuddin, Arlene
AU  - Zhang, Xiaochun
AU  - Liu, Guanshu
AU  - Teng, Zhongzhao
AU  - Zhao, Shihua
AU  - Lu, Minjie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Almost the entire world, not only China, is currently experiencing the outbreak of a novel coronavirus that causes respiratory disease, severe pneumonia, and even death. The outbreak began in Wuhan, China, in December of 2019 and is currently still ongoing. This novel coronavirus is highly contagious and has resulted in a continuously increasing number of infections and deaths that have already surpassed the SARS-CoV outbreak that occurred in China between 2002 and 2003. It is now officially a pandemic, announced by WHO on the 11th of March. Currently, the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) can be identified by virus isolation or viral nucleic acid detection; however, false negatives associated with the nucleic acid detection provide a clinical challenge and thus make the imaging examination crucial. Imaging exams have been a main clinical diagnostic criteria for the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in China. Imaging features of multiple patchy areas of ground glass opacity and consolidation predominately in the periphery of the lungs are characteristic manifestations on chest CT and extremely helpful in the early detection and diagnosis of this disease, which aids prompt diagnosis and the eventual control of this emerging global health emergency. Key Points • In December 2019, China, an outbreak of pneumonia caused by a novel, highly contagious coronavirus raised grave concerns and posed a huge threat to global public health. • Among the infected patients, characteristic findings on CT imaging include multiple, patchy, ground-glass opacity, crazy-paving pattern, and consolidation shadows, mainly distributed in the peripheral and subpleural areas of both lungs, which are very helpful for the frontline clinicians. • Imaging examination has become the indispensable means not only in the early detection and diagnosis but also in monitoring the clinical course, evaluating the disease severity, and may be presented as an important warning signal preceding the negative RT-PCR test results.
JO  - European Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-9
SP  - 1
EP  - 9
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00330-020-06827-4
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00330-020-06827-4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Moral Obligation, Public Leadership, and Collective Action for Epidemic Prevention and Control: Evidence from the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Emergency
AU  - Yang, Liu
AU  - Ren, Yang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - To investigate the effect of villagers&rsquo; moral obligation and village cadres&rsquo; public leadership on villagers&rsquo; collective action for epidemic prevention and control, against the background of the corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emergency in China, we constructed models based on the institutional analysis and development (IAD) framework and employed principal component analysis (PCA) and ordered probit regression, drawing on survey data from 533 villagers in Henan province adjacent to the COVID-19 origin province, Hubei, China. The results indicate that: (1) generally, both moral obligation and public leadership as well as their constituent indicators contributed positively to collective action for COVID-19 prevention and control; (2) moreover, moral obligation and public leadership can strengthen each other&rsquo;s positive role in collective action for COVID-19 prevention and control. Based on the above findings, this paper suggests that villagers&rsquo; moral obligation can be perfected through internalizing epidemic prevention and control norms into the villagers&rsquo; moral norms by the way of villagers mastering the rural public health governance scheme. In addition, public leadership can be improved through professional training of village cadres and by motivating village elites to run for village cadres. With improved villagers&rsquo; moral obligation and village cadres&rsquo; public leadership, collective action for epidemic prevention and control could be more likely to be realized.
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, Vol. 17, Page 2731
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 17
IS  - 8
PG  - 2731-2731
SP  - 2731
EP  - 2731
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/IJERPH17082731
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/8/2731
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Analysis of 92 deceased patients with COVID-19
AU  - Yang, Fan
AU  - Shi, Shaobo
AU  - Zhu, Jiling
AU  - Shi, Jinzhi
AU  - Dai, Kai
AU  - Chen, Xiaobei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE: This retrospective study aimed to analysis the clinical characteristics and complications in death cases with novel coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). METHOD: We collected the medical records of 92 patients with COVID-19 in Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University who died during January 6th to February 25th, 2020, summarized the clinical characteristics of complications. RESULTS: There were 91 death cases who developed different complications including acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) (73/91), myocardial injury (31/91), liver injury (15/91), renal insufficiency (14/91), multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) (14/91) and pneumothorax (1/91). Among these patients, 83 patients had at least one complication. While 1 patient who died of recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding was not directly linked to COVID-19. CONCLUSION: The main complications of deceased patients with COVID-19 were ARDS, myocardial injury, liver injury, renal insufficiency and MODS. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25891
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and African Americans
AU  - Yancy, Clyde W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.6548
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Smell and taste dysfunction in patients with COVID-19
AU  - Xydakis, Michael S.
AU  - Dehgani-Mobaraki, Puya
AU  - Holbrook, Eric H.
AU  - Geisthoff, Urban W.
AU  - Bauer, Christian
AU  - Hautefort, Charlotte
AU  - Herman, Philippe
AU  - Manley, Geoffrey T.
AU  - Lyon, Dina M.
AU  - Hopkins, Claire
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The plural of an anecdote is not evidence, yet anecdotal international reports are accumulating from ear, nose, and throat (ENT) surgeons and other health-care workers on the front lines that anosmia, with or without dysgeusia, are symptoms frequently associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. The American Academy of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery and the British Association of Otorhinolaryngology are now recommending these symptoms be added to the list of primary screening symptoms for COVID-19.
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30293-0
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30293-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mechanism of thrombocytopenia in COVID-19 patients
AU  - Xu, Panyang
AU  - Zhou, Qi
AU  - Xu, Jiancheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, a novel coronavirus has spread throughout China and across the world, causing a continuous increase in confirmed cases within a short period of time. Some studies reported cases of thrombocytopenia, but hardly any studies mentioned how the virus causes thrombocytopenia. We propose several mechanisms by which coronavirus disease 2019 causes thrombocytopenia to better understand this disease and provide more clinical treatment options.
JO  - Annals of Hematology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00277-020-04019-0
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00277-020-04019-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Enteric involvement in hospitalised patients with COVID-19 outside Wuhan
AU  - Wan, Yunle
AU  - Li, Jie
AU  - Shen, Lihan
AU  - Zou, Yifeng
AU  - Hou, Linlin
AU  - Zhu, Lixin
AU  - Faden, Howard S.
AU  - Tang, Zhipeng
AU  - Shi, Mang
AU  - Jiao, Na
AU  - Li, Yichen
AU  - Cheng, Sijing
AU  - Huang, Yibo
AU  - Wu, Dingfeng
AU  - Xu, Zhifeng
AU  - Pan, Linnuo
AU  - Zhu, Jun
AU  - Yan, Guangjun
AU  - Zhu, Ruixin
AU  - Lan, Ping
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Early studies1,2 of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) reported that the proportion of patients presenting with gastrointestinal symptoms was low. However, evidence for enteric involvement is emerging.3–6 Recently, a multicentre study7 in Hubei province (China) indicated that gastrointestinal symptoms were common in patients with COVID-19. We examined the intestinal symptoms of patients with COVID-19 from multiple medical centres located in and outside of Hubei province.
JO  - The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2468-1253(20)30118-7
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-1253(20)30118-7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Personal Protection Prior to Preoperative Assessment—Little more an anaesthesiologist can do to prevent SARS-CoV-2 transmission and COVID-19 infection
AU  - Vijayakumar, Vinodhadevi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Ain-Shams Journal of Anesthesiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 12
IS  - 1
PG  - 13-13
SP  - 13
EP  - 13
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s42077-020-00066-x
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1186/s42077-020-00066-x
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Personal protective equipment for preventing highly infectious diseases due to exposure to contaminated body fluids in healthcare staff
AU  - Verbeek, Jos H.
AU  - Rajamaki, Blair
AU  - Ijaz, Sharea
AU  - Sauni, Riitta
AU  - Toomey, Elaine
AU  - Blackwood, Bronagh
AU  - Tikka, Christina
AU  - Ruotsalainen, Jani H.
AU  - Kilinc Balci, F. Selcen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: In epidemics of highly infectious diseases, such as Ebola, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), or coronavirus (COVID-19), healthcare workers (HCW) are at much greater risk of infection than the general population, due to their contact with patients' contaminated body fluids. Personal protective equipment (PPE) can reduce the risk by covering exposed body parts. It is unclear which type of PPE protects best, what is the best way to put PPE on (i.e. donning) or to remove PPE (i.e. doffing), and how to train HCWs to use PPE as instructed. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate which type of full-body PPE and which method of donning or doffing PPE have the least risk of contamination or infection for HCW, and which training methods increase compliance with PPE protocols. SEARCH METHODS: We searched CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase and CINAHL to 20 March 2020. SELECTION CRITERIA: We included all controlled studies that evaluated the effect of full-body PPE used by HCW exposed to highly infectious diseases, on the risk of infection, contamination, or noncompliance with protocols. We also included studies that compared the effect of various ways of donning or doffing PPE, and the effects of training on the same outcomes. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two review authors independently selected studies, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias in included trials. We conducted random-effects meta-analyses were appropriate. MAIN RESULTS: Earlier versions of this review were published in 2016 and 2019. In this update, we included 24 studies with 2278 participants, of which 14 were randomised controlled trials (RCT), one was a quasi-RCT and nine had a non-randomised design. Eight studies compared types of PPE. Six studies evaluated adapted PPE. Eight studies compared donning and doffing processes and three studies evaluated types of training. Eighteen studies used simulated exposure with fluorescent markers or harmless microbes. In simulation studies, median contamination rates were 25% for the intervention and 67% for the control groups. Evidence for all outcomes is of very low certainty unless otherwise stated because it is based on one or two studies, the indirectness of the evidence in simulation studies and because of risk of bias. Types of PPE The use of a powered, air-purifying respirator with coverall may protect against the risk of contamination better than a N95 mask and gown (risk ratio (RR) 0.27, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.17 to 0.43) but was more difficult to don (non-compliance: RR 7.5, 95% CI 1.81 to 31.1). In one RCT (59 participants), people with a long gown had less contamination than those with a coverall, and coveralls were more difficult to doff (low-certainty evidence). Gowns may protect better against contamination than aprons (small patches: mean difference (MD) -10.28, 95% CI -14.77 to -5.79). PPE made of more breathable material may lead to a similar number of spots on the trunk (MD 1.60, 95% CI -0.15 to 3.35) compared to more water-repellent material but may have greater user satisfaction (MD -0.46, 95% CI -0.84 to -0.08, scale of 1 to 5). Modified PPE versus standard PPE The following modifications to PPE design may lead to less contamination compared to standard PPE: sealed gown and glove combination (RR 0.27, 95% CI 0.09 to 0.78), a better fitting gown around the neck, wrists and hands (RR 0.08, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.55), a better cover of the gown-wrist interface (RR 0.45, 95% CI 0.26 to 0.78, low-certainty evidence), added tabs to grab to facilitate doffing of masks (RR 0.33, 95% CI 0.14 to 0.80) or gloves (RR 0.22, 95% CI 0.15 to 0.31). Donning and doffing Using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommendations for doffing may lead to less contamination compared to no guidance (small patches: MD -5.44, 95% CI -7.43 to -3.45). One-step removal of gloves and gown may lead to less bacterial contamination (RR 0.20, 95% CI 0.05 to 0.77) but not to less fluorescent contamination (RR 0.98, 95% CI 0.75 to 1.28) than separate removal. Double-gloving may lead to less viral or bacterial contam nation compared to single gloving (RR 0.34, 95% CI 0.17 to 0.66) but not to less fluorescent contamination (RR 0.98, 95% CI 0.75 to 1.28). Additional spoken instruction may lead to fewer errors in doffing (MD -0.9, 95% CI -1.4 to -0.4) and to fewer contamination spots (MD -5, 95% CI -8.08 to -1.92). Extra sanitation of gloves before doffing with quaternary ammonium or bleach may decrease contamination, but not alcohol-based hand rub. Training The use of additional computer simulation may lead to fewer errors in doffing (MD -1.2, 95% CI -1.6 to -0.7). A video lecture on donning PPE may lead to better skills scores (MD 30.70, 95% CI 20.14 to 41.26) than a traditional lecture. Face-to-face instruction may reduce noncompliance with doffing guidance more (odds ratio 0.45, 95% CI 0.21 to 0.98) than providing folders or videos only. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: We found low- to very low-certainty evidence that covering more parts of the body leads to better protection but usually comes at the cost of more difficult donning or doffing and less user comfort, and may therefore even lead to more contamination. More breathable types of PPE may lead to similar contamination but may have greater user satisfaction. Modifications to PPE design, such as tabs to grab, may decrease the risk of contamination. For donning and doffing procedures, following CDC doffing guidance, a one-step glove and gown removal, double-gloving, spoken instructions during doffing, and using glove disinfection may reduce contamination and increase compliance. Face-to-face training in PPE use may reduce errors more than folder-based training. We still need RCTs of training with long-term follow-up. We need simulation studies with more participants to find out which combinations of PPE and which doffing procedure protects best. Consensus on simulation of exposure and assessment of outcome is urgently needed. We also need more real-life evidence. Therefore, the use of PPE of HCW exposed to highly infectious diseases should be registered and the HCW should be prospectively followed for their risk of infection.
JO  - The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 4
IS  - 
PG  - CD011621-CD011621
SP  - CD011621
EP  - CD011621
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/14651858.CD011621.pub4
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Verrast
AU  - van der Poel, Henk G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Tijdschrift voor Urologie
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-1
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s13629-020-00290-y
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s13629-020-00290-y
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Radiology Research Enterprise: Radiology Scientific Expert Panel
AU  - Vagal, Achala
AU  - Reeder, Scott B.
AU  - Sodickson, Daniel K.
AU  - Goh, Vicky
AU  - Bhujwalla, Zaver M.
AU  - Krupinski, Elizabeth A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The current COVID-19 crisis continues to grow and has resulted in marked changes to clinical operations. In parallel with clinical preparedness, universities have shut down the majority of scientific research activities. Radiology researchers are currently grappling with these challenges that will continue to affect current and future imaging research. The purpose of this article is to describe the collective experiences of a diverse international group of academic radiology research programs in managing their response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The acute response at six distinct institutions will first be described, exploring common themes, challenges, priorities, and practices. This will be followed by reflections about the future of radiology research in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic.
JO  - Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 201393-201393
SP  - 201393
EP  - 201393
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1148/radiol.2020201393
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Nursing care for patients with COVID-19 on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support
AU  - Umeda, Aya
AU  - Sugiki, Yuko
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In Japan, four medical facilities including our own - the National Center for Global health and Medicine (NCGM) - have been designated for the treatment of specified infectious diseases by the Minister of Health, Labour, and Welfare. Here, we report our nursing care for patients with severe COVID-19 on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support. In addition to infection control measures in the form of an N95 mask, a water-repellent isolation gown, a cap, a shielded mask on top of the N95, and double-layered gloves, nurses were required to wear one-piece suits (DuPont™ Tyvek®) and use powered air-purifying respirators (PAPRs). While closed system catheters are normally changed once a day to limit aerosol exposure, they are now changed once every 4 days. Nursing care included equipment checks, monitoring of hemodynamics and respiratory status, management of anticoagulants, observation of the patient’s general condition, management of sedatives and analgesics, prevention of medical device-related pressure ulcers and bedsores, and maintenance of hygiene. Fundamentally sound nursing remains the best practice for patient treatment and management. During nursing care for patients with COVID-19 on ECMO, infection control measures should be faithfully and properly followed.
JO  - Global Health & Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 2020.01018-2020.01018
SP  - 2020.01018
EP  - 2020.01018
AN  - 
DO  - 10.35772/ghm.2020.01018
UR  - https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/ghm/advpub/0/advpub_2020.01018/_article
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 randomised trial protocols: rapid publication without barriers
AU  - Treweek, Shaun
AU  - Jüni, Peter
AU  - Li, Tianjing
AU  - Collin, Jonathan
AU  - Briel, Matthias
AU  - Chan, An-Wen
AU  - Hemming, Karla
AU  - Meurer, William J.
AU  - Sydes, Matthew R.
AU  - Grimshaw, Jeremy M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Trials
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 21
IS  - 1
PG  - 327-327
SP  - 327
EP  - 327
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s13063-020-04304-3
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Development of CRISPR as an antiviral strategy to combat SARSCoV-2 and influenza
AU  - Timothy R. Abbott, Girija Dhamdhere Yanxia Liu Xueqiu Lin Laine Goudy Leiping Zeng Augustine Chemparathy Stephen Chmura Nicholas S. Heaton Robert Debs Tara Pande Drew Endy Marie F. La Russa † David B. Lewis † Lei S. Qi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has highlighted the need for antiviral approaches that can target emerging viruses with no effective vaccines or pharmaceuticals. Here we demonstrate a CRISPR-Cas13-based strategy, PAC-MAN (Prophylactic Antiviral CRISPR in huMAN cells), for viral inhibition that can effectively degrade RNA from SARS-CoV-2 sequences and live influenza A virus (IAV) in human lung epithelial cells. We designed and screened CRISPR RNAs (crRNAs) targeting conserved viral regions and identified functional crRNAs targeting SARS-CoV-2. This approach effectively reduced H1N1 IAV load in respiratory epithelial cells. Our bioinformatic analysis showed a group of only six crRNAs can target more than 90% of all coronaviruses. With the development of a safe and effective system for respiratory tract delivery, PAC-MAN has the potential to become an important pan-coronavirus inhibition strategy.
JO  - Cell Press
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.cell.2020.04.020
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Switch from oral anticoagulants to parenteral heparin in SARS-CoV-2 hospitalized patients
AU  - Testa, Sophie
AU  - Paoletti, Oriana
AU  - Giorgi-Pierfranceschi, Matteo
AU  - Pan, Angelo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The development of COVID-19 syndrome in anticoagulated patients, and especially their admission to intensive-care units with acute severe respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2), expose them to specific problems related to their therapy, in addition to those associated with the acute viral infection. Patients on VKA hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 show high instability of PT INR due to the variability of vitamin K metabolism, diet, fasting, co-medications, liver impairment, and heart failure. Patients on DOAC are exposed to under/over treatment caused by significant pharmacological interferences. In consideration of the pharmacological characteristics of oral anticoagulant drugs, the multiple pharmacological interactions due to the treatment of acute disease and the possible necessity of mechanical ventilation with hospitalization in intensive-care units, we suggest replacing oral anticoagulant therapies (VKA and DOAC) with parenteral heparin to avoid the risk of over/under treatment.
JO  - Internal and Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11739-020-02331-1
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11739-020-02331-1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Role of Tissue Engineering in COVID-19 and Future Viral Outbreaks
AU  - Tatara, Alexander M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In light of the current novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, as well as other viral outbreaks in the 21st century, there is a dire need for new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies to combat inf...
JO  - Tissue Engineering Part A
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - ten.tea.2020.0094-ten.tea.2020.0094
SP  - ten.tea.2020.0094
EP  - ten.tea.2020.0094
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1089/ten.tea.2020.0094
UR  - https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/ten.tea.2020.0094
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Reply to the comment
AU  - Tang, Ning
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We appreciate the opportunity to respond to the comments by Dr. Marongiu et al., they presented that as only laboratory findings of Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) but no bleeding was mentioned, indicating that there was not an overt DIC in our patients, instead, the abnormal laboratory findings could be an expression of local DIC, i.e. a pulmonary vascular thrombosis. Thus they suggested the anticoagulant treatment in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
JO  - Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jth.14843
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Hydroxychloroquine in the management of critically ill patients with COVID-19: the need for an evidence base
AU  - Taccone, Fabio S.
AU  - Gorham, Julie
AU  - Vincent, Jean-Louis
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - With the rapid spread of the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), critical care physicians are seeing increasing numbers of patients with acute respiratory failure secondary to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and reporting mortality rates of 40–65% for those requiring mechanical ventilation1—strikingly higher than the mortality rates reported for the more typical acute respiratory distress syndrome associated with other diseases.2 The focus of therapeutic intervention has therefore been not only to reverse hypoxaemia and provide adequate organ support, but also to decrease viral load and thus limit disease severity.
JO  - The Lancet Respiratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30172-7
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30172-7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Viral exanthem in COVID-19, a clinical enigma with biological significance
AU  - Su, Chia-Jui
AU  - Lee, Chih-Hung
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Since December 2019, the COVID-19 (1) has spread throughout the world at a staggering speed. As of March 30, 2020, the confirmed case number has reached 693,224 globally and the COVID-19 has claimed 33,106 lives(2). Current researches emphasize on understanding of transmission patterns, severity, clinical features, and risk factors for infection, but the data remain limited.
JO  - Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jdv.16469
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.16469
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemiology of Coronavirus COVID-19: Forecasting the Future Incidence in Different Countries
AU  - Stübinger, Johannes
AU  - Schneider, Lucas
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>This paper forecasts the future spread of COVID-19 by exploiting the identified lead-lag effects between different countries. Specifically, we first determine the past relation among nations with the aid of dynamic time warping. This procedure allows an elastic adjustment of the time axis to find similar but phase-shifted sequences. Afterwards, the established framework utilizes information about the leading country to predict the Coronavirus spread of the following nation. The presented methodology is applied to confirmed Coronavirus cases from 1 January 2020 to 28 March 2020. Our results show that China leads all other countries in the range of 29 days for South Korea and 44 days for the United States. Finally, we predict a future collapse of the healthcare systems of the United Kingdom and Switzerland in case of our explosion scenario.</p>
JO  - Healthcare
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 8
IS  - 2
PG  - 99-99
SP  - 99
EP  - 99
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/healthcare8020099
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/8/2/99
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Ca2+ ions promote fusion of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus with host cells and increase infectivity
AU  - Straus, Marco R.
AU  - Tang, Tiffany
AU  - Lai, Alex L.
AU  - Flegel, Annkatrin
AU  - Bidon, Miya
AU  - Freed, Jack H.
AU  - Daniel, Susan
AU  - Whittaker, Gary R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Fusion with, and subsequent entry into, the host cell is one of the critical steps in the life cycle of enveloped viruses. For Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), the spike protein (S) is the main determinant of viral entry. Proteolytic cleavage of S exposes its fusion peptide (FP), which initiates the process of membrane fusion. Previous studies on the related severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) FP have shown that calcium ions (Ca2+) play an important role for fusogenic activity via a Ca2+ binding pocket with conserved glutamic acid (E) and aspartic acid (D) residues. SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV FP share a high sequence homology and here, we investigated whether Ca2+ is required for MERS-CoV fusion by screening a mutant array in which E and D residues in the MERS-CoV FP were substituted with neutrally charged alanines (A). Upon verifying mutant cell surface expression and proteolytic cleavage, we tested their ability to mediate infection of pseudo-particles (PPs) on host cells in modulating Ca2+ environments. Our results demonstrate that intracellular Ca2+ enhances MERS-CoV WT PPs infection by approximately two-fold and that E891 is a crucial residue for Ca2+ interaction. Subsequent electron spin resonance (ESR) experiments revealed that this enhancement could be attributed to Ca2+ increasing MERS-CoV FP fusion-relevant membrane ordering. Intriguingly, isothermal calorimetry showed an approximate 1:1 MERS-CoV FP to Ca2+ ratio, as opposed to an 1:2 SARS-CoV FP to Ca2+ ratio, suggesting significant differences in FP Ca2+ interactions of MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV FP despite their high sequence similarity. Significance MERS-CoV is a major emerging infectious disease with zoonotic potential and a reservoir in dromedary camels and bats. Since its first outbreak in 2012, the virus has repeatedly transmitted from camels to humans with 2,468 confirmed cases causing 851 deaths. To date, there are no efficacious drugs and vaccines against MERS-CoV, increasing its potential to cause a public health emergency. In order to develop novel drugs and vaccines, it is important to understand the molecular mechanisms that enable the virus to infect host cells. Our data has found that calcium is an important regulator of viral fusion by interacting with negatively charged residues in the MERS-CoV FP region. This can guide therapeutic solutions to either block this calcium interaction and also repurpose already approved drugs for this use for a fast response to MERS-CoV outbreaks.
JO  - Journal of Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1128/jvi.00426-20
UR  - https://jvi.asm.org/content/early/2020/04/09/JVI.00426-20
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Exaggerated information and COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Sriwijitalai, Won
AU  - Wiwanitkit, Viroj
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - ABSTRACT We read the article on ?Coronavirus disease 2019: the harms of exaggerated information and non-evidence-based measures? with a great interest [1]. Ioannidis noted that ?It is important to differentiate promptly the true epidemic from an epidemic of false claims and potentially harmful actions [1].?
JO  - European Journal of Clinical Investigation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - e13226-e13226
SP  - e13226
EP  - e13226
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/eci.13226
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/eci.13226
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Thoracic ultrasound and SARS-COVID-19: a pictorial essay
AU  - Sofia, Soccorsa
AU  - Boccatonda, Andrea
AU  - Montanari, Marco
AU  - Spampinato, Michele
AU  - D’ardes, Damiano
AU  - Cocco, Giulio
AU  - Accogli, Esterita
AU  - Cipollone, Francesco
AU  - Schiavone, Cosima
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Thoracic ultrasound seems to adapt to the screening for lung involvement of patients with suspected or ascertained SARS-COVID-19 infection due to its characteristics of easy applicability. It can be also a relevant method in monitoring patients. B lines are early finding of COVID-19, even in mild-symptomatic subjects; in the most serious cases such as pre-ARDS or ARDS, the B lines end up filling the ultrasound image almost completely, until it merges, so as to create a single hyperechoic image named as “white lung”, with distortion and irregularity of the pleural line. In advanced stage, lung consolidations are present, representing pulmonary pathological areas that are no longer normally ventilated.
JO  - Journal of Ultrasound
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-5
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s40477-020-00458-7
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s40477-020-00458-7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Impact of COVID-19 on Bariatric Surgery: Re-Defining Psychosocial Care
AU  - Sockalingam, Sanjeev
AU  - Leung, Samantha E.
AU  - Cassin, Stephanie E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract The global outbreak of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has had a tremendous psychological impact on individuals around the world. Individuals with obesity are susceptible to distress and psychological sequalae secondary to this pandemic, which can have detrimental effects on obesity management. In particular, individuals undergoing bariatric surgery could experience increased emotional distress resulting in increased eating psychopathology, mental health exacerbation and difficulties with self-management. Addressing these challenges requires novel approaches to re-defining psychosocial care before and after bariatric surgery. Emerging evidence suggests the remote delivery of care using virtual care models, including mobile and online modalities, could extend the reach of psychosocial services to individuals after bariatric surgery and mitigate weight regain or impairment in quality of life. Due to this pandemic, the rapid integration of virtual psychosocial care in bariatric surgery programs to address patients? needs will create new opportunities for clinical and implementation science research.
JO  - Obesity
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/oby.22836
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.22836
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 – Looking beyond the immediate concerns
AU  - Smith, Timothy L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/alr.22583
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/alr.22583
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Which intravascular access should we use in patients with suspected/confirmed COVID-19?
AU  - Smereka, Jacek
AU  - Szarpak, Lukasz
AU  - Filipiak, Krzysztof J.
AU  - Jaguszewski, Milosz
AU  - Ladny, Jerzy R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Resuscitation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/J.RESUSCITATION.2020.04.014
UR  - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0300957220301519
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Internal Hernia in the Times of COVID-19: to Laparoscope or Not to Laparoscope?
AU  - Singhal, Rishi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Obesity Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11695-020-04598-x
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11695-020-04598-x
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The impact of covid-19 on rehabilitation services and activities. Letter to the editor in response to official document of SIMFER
AU  - Singh, Rajiv
AU  - Burn, John
AU  - Sivan, Manoj
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.23736/S1973-9087.20.06296-6
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Geroscience and the coronavirus pandemic: The whack-a-mole approach is not enough
AU  - Sierra, Felipe
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jgs.16489
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Severe Pneumonia Due to SARS-CoV-2 and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection: A Case Report
AU  - Shi, Buyun
AU  - Xia, Zhi
AU  - Xiao, Shuna
AU  - Huang, Chengjiao
AU  - Zhou, Xiaoqin
AU  - Xu, Hui
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical pediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 9922820920016-9922820920016
SP  - 9922820920016
EP  - 9922820920016
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/0009922820920016
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and treatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers
AU  - Sarzani, Riccardo
AU  - Giulietti, Federico
AU  - Pentima, Chiara Di
AU  - Giordano, Piero
AU  - Spannella, Francesco
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European journal of preventive cardiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 2047487320918421-2047487320918421
SP  - 2047487320918421
EP  - 2047487320918421
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/2047487320918421
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preserving mental health and resilience in frontline healthcare workers during COVID-19
AU  - Santarone, Kristen
AU  - McKenney, Mark
AU  - Elkbuli, Adel
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.04.030
UR  - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0735675720302588
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Why choose cyclosporin A as first-line therapy in COVID-19 pneumonia
AU  - Sanchez-Pernaute, Olga
AU  - Romero-Bueno, Fredeswinda I.
AU  - O’Callaghan, Albert Selva
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Reumatología Clínica
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/J.REUMA.2020.03.001
UR  - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1699258X20300449
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A COVID-19 Support Platform for Long Term Care Facilities
AU  - Rolland, Yves
AU  - Benetos, A.
AU  - Villars, H.
AU  - Braun, H.
AU  - Blain, H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The journal of nutrition, health & aging
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12603-020-1364-x
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12603-020-1364-x
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Letter to the Editor Re: Coronavirus disease 2019: The harms of exaggerated information and non-evidence-based measures
AU  - Reichmann, James P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Dr. Ioannidis may cause irreparable harm from recent publications. Novel coronavirus, by definition, arrives without precedence and therefore the reliable data Ioannidis craves. The unshakable facts regarding the Covid-19 consists of the number of deaths, country populations, and the dataset from the Diamond Princess cruise.
JO  - European journal of clinical investigation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - e13224-e13224
SP  - e13224
EP  - e13224
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/eci.13224
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 infodemic: More retweets for science-based information on coronavirus than for false information
AU  - Pulido, Cristina M.
AU  - Villarejo-Carballido, Beatriz
AU  - Redondo-Sama, Gisela
AU  - Gómez, Aitor
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The World Health Organization has not only signaled the health risks of COVID-19, but also labeled the situation as infodemic, due to the amount of information, true and false, circulating around this topic. Research shows that, in social media, falsehood is shared far more than evidence-based information. However, there is less research analyzing the circulation of false and evidence-based information during health emergencies. Thus, the present study aims at shedding new light on the type of tweets that circulated on Twitter around the COVID-19 outbreak for two days, in order to analyze how false and true information was shared. To that end, 1000 tweets have been analyzed. Results show that false information is tweeted more but retweeted less than science-based evidence or fact-checking tweets, while science-based evidence and fact-checking tweets capture more engagement than mere facts. These findings bring relevant insights to inform public health policies.
JO  - International Sociology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 0268580920914755-0268580920914755
SP  - 0268580920914755
EP  - 0268580920914755
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/0268580920914755
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1177/0268580920914755
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and emerging viral infections: The case for interferon lambda
AU  - Prokunina-Olsson, Ludmila
AU  - Alphonse, Noémie
AU  - Dickenson, Ruth E.
AU  - Durbin, Joan E.
AU  - Glenn, Jeffrey S.
AU  - Hartmann, Rune
AU  - Kotenko, Sergei V.
AU  - Lazear, Helen M.
AU  - O'Brien, Thomas R.
AU  - Odendall, Charlotte
AU  - Onabajo, Olusegun O.
AU  - Piontkivska, Helen
AU  - Santer, Deanna M.
AU  - Reich, Nancy C.
AU  - Wack, Andreas
AU  - Zanoni, Ivan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - With the first reports on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the scientific community working in the field of type III IFNs (IFN-λ) realized that this class of IFNs could play an important role in this and other emerging viral infections. In this Viewpoint, we present our opinion on the benefits and potential limitations of using IFN-λ to prevent, limit, and treat these dangerous viral infections.
JO  - The Journal of experimental medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 217
IS  - 5
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1084/jem.20200653
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Moving biochemistry and molecular biology courses online in times of disruption: Recommended practices and resources - a collaboration with the faculty community and ASBMB
AU  - Procko, Kristen
AU  - Bell, Jessica K.
AU  - Benore, Marilee A.
AU  - Booth, Rachell E.
AU  - Del Gaizo Moore, Victoria
AU  - Dries, Daniel R.
AU  - Martin, Debra J.
AU  - Mertz, Pamela S.
AU  - Offerdahl, Erika G.
AU  - Payne, Marvin A.
AU  - Vega, Quinn C.
AU  - Provost, Joseph J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/bmb.21354
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/bmb.21354
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Venous thromboembolism in COVID-19 patients
AU  - Porfidia, Angelo
AU  - Pola, Roberto
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract We read with interest the study published by Tang and coll.1 in a recent issue of the Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis. In this retrospective analysis, conducted at the Tongji Hospital of Wuhan, China, it is reported that heparin treatment reduces mortality in subjects affected by severe COVID-19 who have ?sepsis-induced coagulopathy?. The definition of severe COVID-19 was the presence of at least one of following: respiratory rate ≥30 breaths /min; arterial oxygen saturation ≤93% at rest; PaO2/FiO2 ≤300 mmHg. The Authors of this study also reported that, among subjects not treated with heparin, mortality raised according with D-dimer levels. Of note, patients that received heparin in this study were mostly treated with enoxaparin, at the thromboprophylactic dose of 40-60 mg/day, for at least 7 days.
JO  - Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jth.14842
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jth.14842
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Letter: Neurosurgery and Coronavirus (COVID-19) Epidemic: Doing our Part
AU  - Pesce, Alessandro
AU  - Palmieri, Mauro
AU  - Armocida, Daniele
AU  - Frati, Alessandro
AU  - Santoro, Antonio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Neurosurgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/neuros/nyaa115
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/neurosurgery/advance-article/doi/10.1093/neuros/nyaa115/5820368
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Nasal swab sampling for SARS-CoV-2: A convenient alternative in time of nasopharyngeal swab shortage
AU  - Péré, Hélène
AU  - Podglajen, Isabelle
AU  - Wack, Maxime
AU  - Flamarion, Edouard
AU  - Mirault, Tristan
AU  - Goudot, Guillaume
AU  - Hauw-Berlemont, Caroline
AU  - Le, Laetitia
AU  - Caudron, Eric
AU  - Carrabin, Sophie
AU  - Rodary, Julien
AU  - Ribeyre, Tatiana
AU  - Bélec, Laurent
AU  - Veyer, David
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Nasopharyngeal swab is the reference sampling method to detect SARS CoV2, as recommended by world Health Organization (WHO) (1).…
JO  - Journal of Clinical Microbiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1128/jcm.00721-20
UR  - https://jcm.asm.org/content/early/2020/04/10/JCM.00721-20
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Letter: Precautions for Endoscopic Transnasal Skull Base Surgery During the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Patel, Zara M.
AU  - Fernandez-Miranda, Juan
AU  - Hwang, Peter H.
AU  - Nayak, Jayakar V.
AU  - Dodd, Robert
AU  - Sajjadi, Hamed
AU  - Jackler, Robert K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Neurosurgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/neuros/nyaa125
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/neurosurgery/advance-article/doi/10.1093/neuros/nyaa125/5820367
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 Infection in a 2-Week-Old Male With Neutropenia
AU  - Patek, Paul
AU  - Corcoran, John
AU  - Adams, Lauren
AU  - Khandhar, Paras
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical pediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 9922820920014-9922820920014
SP  - 9922820920014
EP  - 9922820920014
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/0009922820920014
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Review: Hydroxychloroquine and Chloroquine for Treatment of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)
AU  - Pastick, Katelyn A.
AU  - Okafor, Elizabeth C.
AU  - Wang, Fan
AU  - Lofgren, Sarah M.
AU  - Skipper, Caleb P.
AU  - Nicol, Melanie R.
AU  - Pullen, Matthew F.
AU  - Rajasingham, Radha
AU  - McDonald, Emily G.
AU  - Lee, Todd C.
AU  - Schwartz, Ilan S.
AU  - Kelly, Lauren E.
AU  - Lother, Sylvain A.
AU  - Mitjà, Oriol
AU  - Letang, Emili
AU  - Abassi, Mahsa
AU  - Boulware, David R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a rapidly emerging viral infection causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID19). Hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine have garnered unprecedented attention as potential therapeutic agents against COVID-19 following several small clinical trials, uncontrolled case series, and public figure endorsements. While there is a growing body of scientific data, there is also concern for harm, particularly QTc prolongation and cardiac arrhythmias. Here, we perform a rapid narrative review and discuss the strengths and limitations of existing in vitro and clinical studies. We call for additional randomized controlled trial evidence prior to the widespread incorporation of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine into national and international treatment guidelines.</p>
JO  - Open Forum Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/ofid/ofaa130
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/ofid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ofid/ofaa130/5820538
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - ADAM17 inhibition may exert a protective effect on COVID-19
AU  - Palau, Vanesa
AU  - Riera, Marta
AU  - Soler, María José
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/ndt/gfaa093
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/ndt/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ndt/gfaa093/5820263
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 pandemic: guidance for nuclear medicine departments
AU  - Paez, D.
AU  - Gnanasegaran, G.
AU  - Fanti, S.
AU  - Bomanji, J.
AU  - Hacker, M.
AU  - Sathekge, M.
AU  - Bom, H. S.
AU  - Cerci, J. J.
AU  - Chiti, A.
AU  - Herrmann, K.
AU  - Scott, A. M.
AU  - Czernin, J.
AU  - El-Haj, N.
AU  - Estrada, E.
AU  - Pellet, O.
AU  - Orellana, P.
AU  - Giammarile, F.
AU  - Abdel-Wahab, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-5
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00259-020-04825-8
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00259-020-04825-8
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Public management reform in global context
AU  - Osborne, Stephen P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Public Management Review
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-1
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/14719037.2020.1752027
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/14719037.2020.1752027
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Comment on “COVID-19 infection control protocol inside computed tomography suites”
AU  - Orsi, Marcello Alessandro
AU  - Oliva, Giancarlo
AU  - Toluian, Tahereh
AU  - Valenti Pittino, Carlo
AU  - Gibelli, Daniele
AU  - Cellina, Michaela
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Japanese Journal of Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11604-020-00975-9
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11604-020-00975-9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cell type specific expression of the putative SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 in human hearts
AU  - Nicin, Luka
AU  - Abplanalp, Wesley Tyler
AU  - Mellentin, Hannah
AU  - Katthi, Badder
AU  - Tombor, Lukas
AU  - John, David
AU  - Schmitto, Jan D.
AU  - Heineke, Jörg
AU  - Emrich, Fabian
AU  - Arsalan, Mani
AU  - Holubec, Tomas
AU  - Kai, Theodor Stern
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Heart Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 1427
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa311
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/advance-article/doi/10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa311/5820327
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and Cutaneous manifestations
AU  - Mungmungpuntipantip, Rujittika
AU  - Wiwanitkit, Viroj
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract We found that the article on ?Cutaneous manifestations in COVID-19: a first perspective? is very interesting [1]. Recalcati noted that 20.4 % of the patients have cutaneous problem and mentioned that this is the first report on this clinical aspect of COVID-19.
JO  - Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jdv.16483
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.16483
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2-encoded nucleocapsid protein acts as a viral suppressor of RNA interference in cells
AU  - Mu, Jingfang
AU  - Xu, Jiuyue
AU  - Zhang, Leike
AU  - Shu, Ting
AU  - Wu, Di
AU  - Huang, Muhan
AU  - Ren, Yujie
AU  - Li, Xufang
AU  - Geng, Qing
AU  - Xu, Yi
AU  - Qiu, Yang
AU  - Zhou, Xi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Science China Life Sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11427-020-1692-1
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11427-020-1692-1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Adaptations to a face-to-face initial teacher education course ‘forced’ online due to the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Moorhouse, Benjamin Luke
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This report describes the adaptations made to one initial teacher education course at a Hong Kong university designed for face-to-face instruction that was required to be delivered exclusively on-l...
JO  - Journal of Education for Teaching
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/02607476.2020.1755205
UR  - https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/02607476.2020.1755205
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Typical takotsubo syndrome triggered by SARS-CoV-2 infection
AU  - Meyer, Philippe
AU  - Degrauwe, Sophie
AU  - Delden, Christian Van
AU  - Ghadri, Jelena-Rima
AU  - Templin, Christian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European heart journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa306
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and the coming epidemic in US immigration detention centres
AU  - Meyer, Jaimie P.
AU  - Franco-Paredes, Carlos
AU  - Parmar, Parveen
AU  - Yasin, Faiza
AU  - Gartland, Matthew
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Enforcement (ICE) detention are at risk from serious consequences resulting from the rapid spread of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and inadequate access to appropriate medical care. This situation represents a moral and public health imperative for rapid action by the US Department of Homeland Security (DHS) to mitigate the human toll of the pandemic.
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30295-4
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30295-4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 infection in a psoriatic patient treated with IL-23 inhibitor
AU  - Messina, F.
AU  - Piaserico, S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Since December 2019, an outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been spreading worldwide. This has risen concern among patients undergoing biologics and physicians who administer them, as far as the possible increase of incidence and severity of COVID-19 in this delicate population concerns.
JO  - Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jdv.16468
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.16468
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Droplets and Aerosols in the Transmission of SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Meselson, Matthew
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Aerosols and Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 With reference to a letter about the use of laser light scattering to visualize droplets that emanate during speech, this author describes the nature of aero...
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - NEJMc2009324-NEJMc2009324
SP  - NEJMc2009324
EP  - NEJMc2009324
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMc2009324
UR  - http://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMc2009324
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Could HIV infection alter the clinical course of SARS-CoV-2 infection? When less is better
AU  - Mascolo, Silvia
AU  - Romanelli, Antonio
AU  - Carleo, Maria Aurora
AU  - Esposito, Vincenzo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Recently, the first case of HIV and SARS-CoV-2 infection was reported in the literature. With this letter, we proposed a hypothesis that could explain the interaction between HIV infection and the clinical course of SARS-CoV-2 infection. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25881
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Air Pollution and the Novel Covid-19 Disease: a Putative Disease Risk Factor
AU  - Martelletti, Luigi
AU  - Martelletti, Paolo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - SN Comprehensive Clinical Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-5
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s42399-020-00274-4
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s42399-020-00274-4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pulmonary thrombosis in 2019-nCoV pneumonia?
AU  - Marongiu, Francesco
AU  - Grandone, Elvira
AU  - Barcellona, Doris
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jth.14818
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Face the COVID-19 emergency: measures applied in an Italian Dermatologic Clinic
AU  - Marasca, C.
AU  - Ruggiero, A.
AU  - Annunziata, M. C.
AU  - Fabbrocini, G.
AU  - Megna, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract We have read with great interest the article by Radi et al. which reported the measures applied in order to limit the spread of coronavirus-infection in their dermatological clinic. Particularly they described all the exceptional precautionary measures adopted in order to face COVID-19-emergency and to reduce the spread of infection. Herein we report the experience of our dermatologic Clinic (University of Naples Federico II) which has a very large catchment area and a high number of annually visits (59000 visits in the 2019).
JO  - Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jdv.16476
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.16476
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A distinctive skin rash associated with Coronavirus Disease 2019 ?
AU  - Mahé, A.
AU  - Birckel, E.
AU  - Krieger, S.
AU  - Merklen, C.
AU  - Bottlaender, L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract A skin rash has been reported in 2 out of 1.099 patients presenting with Coronavirus disease 2019 in China [1], as in 14 of 48 patients with the same disease in Italia, but unfortunately without further description of its semiology [2]. We wish to report here the case of a woman who presented, coincidently with Covid-19, a skin rash that had an original picture.
JO  - Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jdv.16471
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.16471
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: WHO and South Korea investigate reconfirmed cases
AU  - Mahase, Elisabeth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The World Health Organization and South Korea are investigating how several covid-19 patients who were believed to have recovered from the virus and had tested negative later tested positive. The Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC) reported on 10 April that it was “investigating the epidemiological and/or clinical characteristics of 91 cases that have re-tested positive after being discharged from isolation.”1 It said that central and local teams were “conducting joint, in-depth investigations (including virus isolation culture, blood antibody test) to confirm infectivity.” WHO has said that it is aware of the reports. A spokesperson told Reuters , “We are closely liaising with our clinical experts and working hard to get more information on those individual cases. It is important to make sure that, when samples are collected for testing on suspected patients, procedures are followed properly.”2 Sung-Il Cho, professor of epidemiology at Seoul …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1498-m1498
SP  - m1498
EP  - m1498
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1498
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1498
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: Trump halts WHO funding in move labelled “petulant” and “short sighted”
AU  - Mahase, Elisabeth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - President Donald Trump has announced that the US has officially halted its funding to the World Health Organization while it undertakes an investigation into whether the UN health agency mismanaged or covered up the spread of covid-19. Trump previously threatened to stop funding WHO,1 claiming that it was too “China-centric” and had called “every shot wrong.” Public health leaders called the decision “dangerous, short sighted, and politically motivated” and said that, while there may be “fair grounds for debating WHO’s positions and performance,” now was not the time. WHO is funded through contributions from member states and private organisations. The US is the largest contributor, providing around 15% of WHO’s 2018-19 budget, equal to $400m (£320m; €367m), although payments are reported to be $200m in arrears. Speaking at a press conference on 14 April, Trump said, “Today I’m instructing my administration to halt funding to …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1502-m1502
SP  - m1502
EP  - m1502
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1502
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1502
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Complement associated microvascular injury and thrombosis in the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19 infection: A report of five cases
AU  - Magro, Cynthia
AU  - Mulvey, J. Justin
AU  - Berlin, David
AU  - Nuovo, Gerard
AU  - Salvatore, Steven
AU  - Harp, Joanna
AU  - Baxter-Stoltzfus, Amelia
AU  - Laurence, Jeffrey
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Acute respiratory failure and a systemic coagulopathy are critical aspects of the morbidity and mortality characterizing infection with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome-associated coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the etiologic agent of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We examined skin and lung tissues from 5 patients with severe COVID-19 characterized by respiratory failure (n=5) and purpuric skin rash (n=3). The pattern of COVID-19 pneumonitis was predominantly a pauci-inflammatory septal capillary injury with significant septal capillary mural and luminal fibrin deposition and permeation of the inter-alveolar septa by neutrophils. No viral cytopathic changes were observed and the diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) with hyaline membranes, inflammation, and type II pneumocyte hyperplasia, hallmarks of classic ARDS, were not prominent. These pulmonary findings were accompanied by significant deposits of terminal complement components C5b-9 (membrane attack complex), C4d, and mannose binding lectin (MBL)-associated serine protease (MASP)2, in the microvasculature, consistent with sustained, systemic activation of the alternative and lectin-based complement pathways. The purpuric skin lesions similarly showed a pauci-inflammatory thrombogenic vasculopathy, with deposition of C5b-9 and C4d in both grossly involved and normally-appearing skin. In addition, there was co-localization of COVID-19 spike glycoproteins with C4d and C5b-9 in the inter-alveolar septa and the cutaneous microvasculature of two cases examined. In conclusion, at least a subset of sustained, severe COVID-19 may define a type of catastrophic microvascular injury syndrome mediated by activation of complement pathways and an associated procoagulant state. It provides a foundation for further exploration of the pathophysiologic importance of complement in COVID-19, and could suggest targets for specific intervention.
JO  - Translational Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/J.TRSL.2020.04.007
UR  - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1931524420300700
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Key words to be adopted for COVID-19 research
AU  - Maggioni, Aldo
AU  - Rapezzi, Claudio
AU  - Tavazzi, Luigi
AU  - Ferrari, Roberto
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Heart Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa322
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/advance-article/doi/10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa322/5820328
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Treatment efficacy analysis of traditional Chinese medicine for novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19): an empirical study from Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
AU  - Luo, Erdan
AU  - Zhang, Daiyan
AU  - Luo, Hua
AU  - Liu, Bowen
AU  - Zhao, Keming
AU  - Zhao, Yonghua
AU  - Bian, Ying
AU  - Wang, Yitao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A novel coronavirus was identified in December, 2019 in Wuhan, China, and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) played an active role in combating the novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) caused by this fast-spreading virus COVID-19. Thus, we aimed to explore TCM characteristics of clinical efficacy to NCP, as well as to optimize Qingfei Paidu decoction (QFPDD) and the recommended formulas to NCP by National Health Commission (NHC). Chinese medical sciences theory and clinical application of TCM were analyzed. A total of 54 NCP patients were observed in a hospital from Wuhan, whose clinical characteristics and utilization of Chinese Medicines (CMs) were described. Paired t test was used to measure the change of patients’ hemogram during hospitalization period, indicating the effect of CMs. Multiple linear regression analysis was applied to explore the factors affecting the length of hospital stay. Network pharmacology analysis was applied to figure out the performance of NHC-recommended formulas of five disease stages at levels of compounds, targets and pathways. The average length of hospital stay was 8.96 days. Patients over 45 stayed 9.79 days in hospital in average, longer than 7.64 days of patients under 45. Comparing the hemograms between admission and discharge of hospital, the number of leukocytes, neutrophil, lymphocyte and platelet increased, while the numbers of erythrocytes, hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit decreased. According to the standard coefficients of regression, the factor affecting the length of stay for the most was CMs in category of invigorating spleen and removing dampness (ISRD), followed by administrating CMs, male, and cough. Thirty-two CMs were screened after deleting duplication from QFPDD and NHC-recommended formulas. Compound quercetin, luteolin, kaempferol, acacetin etc., were all involved in the treatment of various disease stages on the compound level both in generality and individuality. TCM has a systemic theoretical understanding on the pathological evolution and a positive clinical efficacy on NCP. The CMs of ISRD improved patients’ recovery, suggesting the importance of regulating intestinal function and keeping microenvironmental balance in TCM treatment of NCP. The active compounds from QFPDD and NHC-recommended formulas contribute to recovery of varied disease progresses during TCM treating NCP.
JO  - Chinese Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 15
IS  - 1
PG  - 34-34
SP  - 34
EP  - 34
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s13020-020-00317-x
UR  - https://cmjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13020-020-00317-x
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Nuclear medicine in responding to global pandemic COVID-19—American College of Nuclear Medicine member experience
AU  - Lu, Yang
AU  - Yan, Sean Xuexian
AU  - Lan, Xiaoli
AU  - Zhu, Xiaohua
AU  - Macapinlac, Homer A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In the global pandemic COVID-19, it is important for everyone including nuclear medicine personnel to know how to stop transmission and contain and prevent the spread of COVID-19. Here, we summarize our American College of Nuclear Medicine members’ experiences from Wuhan, China; Singapore; and the USA, so to provide advice to the nuclear medicine personnel for their clinical practice and management strategies in responding to COVID-19.
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00259-020-04799-7
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00259-020-04799-7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 vaginal delivery – a case report
AU  - Lowe, Belinda
AU  - Bopp, Benjamin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract The novel coronavirus termed SARS-CoV-2 is a major public health challenge. Many maternity units around the country are currently considering management protocols for these patients. We report a case from a tertiary Australian hospital describing an uncomplicated vaginal birth in a SARS-CoV-2 positive mother. To our knowledge this is also the first case described of a mother with COVID-19 not separated from her infant. Management provided supports the current Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists and World Health Organization guidelines suggesting that it is possible to consider rooming in post delivery for COVID-19 positive parents. Encouragement of breast feeding appears possible and safe when viral precautions are observed.
JO  - Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/ajo.13173
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/ajo.13173
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - At the center of the COVID-19 pandemic: lessons learned for otolaryngology-head and neck surgery in China
AU  - Liu, Zheng
AU  - Zhang, Luo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/alr.22585
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/alr.22585
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2: at the crossroad between aging and neurodegeneration
AU  - Lippi, Alice
AU  - Domingues, Renato
AU  - Setz, Cristian
AU  - Outeiro, Tiago F.
AU  - Krisko, Anita
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The recent global severe acute respiratory distress syndrome coronavirus 2 pandemic is changing the world we live in. As we learn about the virus and the pandemic, it is becoming evident that it is an age-associated problem that affects the human population. Severe acute respiratory distress syndrome coronavirus 2 is one of seven coronaviruses known to infect humans. These are large enveloped non-segmented positive-sense RNA viruses. Our knowledge of severe acute respiratory distress syndrome coronavirus 2 is extremely recent but is growing daily. There are currently no antiviral treatments against the virus or vaccines for its prevention. The long term consequences of the infection on human health remain uncertain but extrapolations can be made about the potential effects of the virus on cellular lifespan as well as on organismal healthspan. Here, we posit that severe acute respiratory distress syndrome coronavirus 2 infection may, in the long-term, lead to accelerated aging phenotypes in survivors, not only in affected tissues but also in other organs, including the brain. Since some of the effects could manifest months or years after infection, it will be necessary to follow carefully people affected by coronavirus disease 2019. Keeping accurate registries may enable us to, in the future, establish connections with aging-associated disorders, such as Parkinson's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/mds.28084
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - From a Sprint to a Marathon in Hong Kong
AU  - Leung, Gabriel M.
AU  - Cowling, Benjamin J.
AU  - Wu, Joseph T.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Covid-19 Notes: From a Sprint to a Marathon in Hong Kong Leung and colleagues from Hong Kong describe their actions after they were first alerted to a cluster of atypical pneumonia cases in Wuhan. ...
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - e45-e45
SP  - e45
EP  - e45
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMc2009790
UR  - http://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMc2009790
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Carving out a place for internal medicine during COVID-19 epidemic in Italy
AU  - Lenti, Marco Vincenzo
AU  - Corazza, Gino Roberto
AU  - Di Sabatino, Antonio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Internal medicine has been immediately involved in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic in Italy, which started in late February 2020. The first few COVID-19 cases were suspected and diagnosed in internal medicine wards, including, among others, a young adult male from Codogno (referred to as ?patient 1?), who was later transferred to the Intensive Care Unit of our hospital.
JO  - Journal of Internal Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/joim.13079
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/joim.13079
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Globalization and health scholarship in a time of pandemic: from critical past to uncertain future
AU  - Labonté, Ronald
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Globalization and Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 16
IS  - 1
PG  - 31-31
SP  - 31
EP  - 31
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s12992-020-00563-6
UR  - https://globalizationandhealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12992-020-00563-6
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Hypertension, the renin–angiotensin system, and the risk of lower respiratory tract infections and lung injury: implications for COVID-19
AU  - Kreutz, Reinhold
AU  - Algharably, Engi Abd El-Hady
AU  - Azizi, Michel
AU  - Dobrowolski, Piotr
AU  - Guzik, Tomasz
AU  - Januszewicz, Andrzej
AU  - Persu, Alexandre
AU  - Prejbisz, Aleksander
AU  - Riemer, Thomas Günther
AU  - Wang, Ji-Guang
AU  - Burnier, Michel
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>Systemic arterial hypertension (referred to as hypertension herein) is a major risk factor of mortality worldwide, and its importance is further emphasized in the context of the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection referred to as COVID-19. Patients with severe COVID-19 infections commonly are older and have a history of hypertension. Almost 75% of patients who have died in the pandemic in Italy had hypertension. This raised multiple questions regarding a more severe course of COVID-19 in relation to hypertension itself as well as its treatment with renin–angiotensin system (RAS) blockers, e.g. angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs). We provide a critical review on the relationship of hypertension, RAS, and risk of lung injury. We demonstrate lack of sound evidence that hypertension per se is an independent risk factor for COVID-19. Interestingly, ACEIs and ARBs may be associated with lower incidence and/or improved outcome in patients with lower respiratory tract infections. We also review in detail the molecular mechanisms linking the RAS to lung damage and the potential clinical impact of treatment with RAS blockers in patients with COVID-19 and a high cardiovascular and renal risk. This is related to the role of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) for SARS-CoV-2 entry into cells, and expression of ACE2 in the lung, cardiovascular system, kidney, and other tissues. In summary, a critical review of available evidence does not support a deleterious effect of RAS blockers in COVID-19 infections. Therefore, there is currently no reason to discontinue RAS blockers in stable patients facing the COVID-19 pandemic.</p>
JO  - Cardiovascular Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cvr/cvaa097
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/cardiovascres/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cvr/cvaa097/5819836
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Editor Responsibility and Scientific Integrity During the COVID-19 Outbreak
AU  - Koçak, Zafer
AU  - Uzun, Cem
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Balkan medical journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2020.2020.4.001
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - An den Rand gerückt
AU  - Kleinen, Lisa
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Vakuum in Forschung und Praxis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 32
IS  - 2
PG  - 2-2
SP  - 2
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/vipr.202070201
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/vipr.202070201
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Collapsing glomerulopathy in a COVID-19 patient
AU  - Kissling, Sébastien
AU  - Rotman, Samuel
AU  - Gerber, Christel
AU  - Halfon, Matthieu
AU  - Lamoth, Frédéric
AU  - Comte, Denis
AU  - Lhopitallier, Loïc
AU  - Sadallah, Salima
AU  - Fakhouri, Fadi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Kidney International
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.kint.2020.04.006
UR  - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0085253820303951
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Rates of Co-infection Between SARS-CoV-2 and Other Respiratory Pathogens
AU  - Kim, David
AU  - Quinn, James
AU  - Pinsky, Benjamin
AU  - Shah, Nigam H.
AU  - Brown, Ian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.6266
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Rehabilitation and respiratory management in the acute and early post-acute phase. "Instant paper from the field" on rehabilitation answers to the Covid-19 emergency
AU  - Kiekens, Carlotte
AU  - Boldrini, Paolo
AU  - Andreoli, Arnaldo
AU  - Avesani, Renato
AU  - Gamna, Federica
AU  - Grandi, Maurizio
AU  - Lombardi, Francesco
AU  - Lusuardi, Mirco
AU  - Molteni, Franco
AU  - Perboni, Alberto
AU  - Negrini, Stefano
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Covid-19 is a respiratory infectious disease that can cause respiratory, physical and psychological long-term dysfunctions in patients. First recommendations on respiratory management were published, but they were not based on the specific needs due to Covid-19. In this paper we share the early experiences from the clinical field in Northern Italy, where the epidemic started in February. This paper summarizes the second webinar on Covid-19 (230 live attendees, 11,600 viewers of the recorded version) organized by the Italian Society of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine about rehabilitation and in particular respiratory management in the acute (Intensive Care Unit - ICU) and immediate post-acute phases. There is the need to prepare for the post-acute phase. ICU length of stay is relatively long, with immobilisation in prone position. Some specific problems are described, including severe muscle weakness and fatigue, joint stiffness, dysphagia, (neuro)psychological problems, impaired functioning concerning mobility, activities of daily life and work. A lot is yet unknown and patients can experience long-term consequences as we know from the literature on the post-intensive care syndrome, but Covid-19 has unique features to be investigated and understood. As one colleague stated during the Covinar: this is a marathon, not a sprint….
JO  - European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.23736/S1973-9087.20.06305-4
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Exhaled breath condensate as a potential specimen for diagnosing COVID-19
AU  - Khoubnasabjafari, Maryam
AU  - Jouyban-Gharamaleki, Vahid
AU  - Ghanbari, Reza
AU  - Jouyban, Abolghasem
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Bioanalysis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4155/bio-2020-0083
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Interpreting COVID-19 and Virtual Care Trends: Cohort Study
AU  - Khairat, Saif
AU  - Meng, Chenlu
AU  - Xu, Yuxuan
AU  - Edson, Barbara
AU  - Gianforcaro, Robert
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic is rapidly spreading across the world. As of March 26, 2020, there are more than 500,000 cases and more than 25,000 deaths related to COVID-19, and the numbers are increasing by the hour. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to explore the trends in confirmed COVID-19 cases in North Carolina, and to understand patterns in virtual visits related to symptoms of COVID-19. METHODS: We conducted a cohort study of confirmed COVID-19 cases and patients using an on-demand, statewide virtual urgent care center. We collected data from February 1, 2020, to March 15, 2020. Institutional Review Board exemption was obtained prior to the study. RESULTS: As of March, 18 2020, there were 92 confirmed COVID-19 cases and 733 total virtual visits. Of the total visits, 257 (35.1%) were related to COVID-19-like symptoms. Of the COVID-19-like visits, the number of females was 178 (69.2%). People in the age groups of 30-39 years (n=67, 26.1%) and 40-49 years (n=64, 24.9%) were half of the total patients. Additionally, approximately 96.9% (n=249) of the COVID-like encounters came from within the state of North Carolina. Our study shows that virtual care can provide efficient triaging in the counties with the highest number of COVID-19 cases. We also confirmed that the largest spread of the disease occurs in areas with a high population density as well as in areas with major airports. CONCLUSIONS: The use of virtual care presents promising potential in the fight against COVID-19. Virtual care is capable of reducing emergency room visits, conserving health care resources, and avoiding the spread of COVID-19 by treating patients remotely. We call for further adoption of virtual care by health systems across the United States and the world during the COVID-19 pandemic.
JO  - JMIR public health and surveillance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 6
IS  - 2
PG  - e18811-e18811
SP  - e18811
EP  - e18811
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2196/18811
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A CRISIS WITHIN THE CRISIS: THE MENTAL HEALTH SITUATION OF REFUGEES IN THE WORLD DURING THE 2019 CORONAVIRUS (2019-nCoV) OUTBREAK
AU  - Júnior, Jucier Gonçalves
AU  - de Sales, Jair Paulino
AU  - Moreira, Marcial Moreno
AU  - Pinheiro, Woneska Rodrigues
AU  - Lima, Carlos Kennedy Tavares
AU  - Neto, Modesto Leite Rolim
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Psychiatry Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 113000-113000
SP  - 113000
EP  - 113000
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113000
UR  - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0165178120307861
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Does COVID-19 Disprove the Obesity Paradox in ARDS?
AU  - Jose, Ricardo J.
AU  - Manuel, Ari
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Obesity is associated with a decrease in mortality in patients with Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) and is referred to as the obesity paradox.1 ARDS is a type of respiratory failure characterised by rapid onset of widespread inflammation in the lungs and is usually the result of infectious or chemical injury. The obesity paradox in ARDS patients has been investigated by Ni et al,1 who conclude that obesity and morbid obesity were associated with a lower mortality rate in patients with ARDS
JO  - Obesity
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/oby.22835
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.22835
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Preparedness in Michigan Nursing Homes
AU  - Jones, Karen M.
AU  - Mantey, Julia
AU  - Mills, John P.
AU  - Montoya, Ana
AU  - Min, Lillian
AU  - Gibson, Kristen
AU  - Mody, Lona
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jgs.16490
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Genomic epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in Guangdong Province, China
AU  - Jing Lu, Louis du Plessis Zhe Liu Verity Hill Min Kang Huifang Lin Jiufeng Sun Sarah François Moritz U. G. Kraemer Nuno R. Faria John T. McCrone Jinju Peng Qianling Xiong Runyu Yuan Lilian Zeng Pingping Zhou Chumin Liang Lina Yi Jun Liu Changwen Ke
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 is caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection and was first reported in central China in December 2019. Extensive molecular surveillance in Guangdong, China’s most populous province, during early 2020 resulted in 1,388 reported RNA-positive cases from 1.6 million tests. In order to understand the molecular epidemiology and genetic diversity of SARS-CoV-2 in China we generated 53 genomes from infected individuals in Guangdong using a combination of metagenomic sequencing and tiling amplicon approaches. Combined epidemiological and phylogenetic analyses indicate multiple independent introductions to Guangdong, although phylogenetic clustering is uncertain due to low virus genetic variation early in the pandemic. Our results illustrate how the timing, size and duration of putative local transmission chains were constrained by national travel restrictions and by the province’s large-scale intensive surveillance and intervention measures. Despite these successes, COVID-19 surveillance in Guangdong is still required as the number of cases imported from other countries has increased.
JO  - Cell Press
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.cell.2020.04.023
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Die Corona-Krise und ihre Auswirkungen auf die Chirurgie
AU  - Jähne, Joachim
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Der Chirurg
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00104-020-01182-y
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00104-020-01182-y
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Improving Communication About COVID-19 and Other Emerging Infectious Diseases
AU  - Jacobsen, Kathryn H.
AU  - Vraga, Emily K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - ABSTRACT John Ioannidis writes about the harm caused by misinformation about COVID-19.1 We draw from communication research to offer best practices for reducing misinformation, disseminating accurate health information, and promoting prevention and control recommendations. We recommend three strategies that medical, public health, and scientific professionals working with government officials, clinicians, media commentators, and in other contexts around the world can use to improve communication about outbreaks.
JO  - European Journal of Clinical Investigation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - e13225-e13225
SP  - e13225
EP  - e13225
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/eci.13225
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/eci.13225
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Viability of intertwined supply networks: extending the supply chain resilience angles towards survivability. A position paper motivated by COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Ivanov, Dmitry
AU  - Dolgui, Alexandre
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - An intertwined supply network (ISN) is an entirety of interconnected supply chains (SC) which, in their integrity secure the provision of society and markets with goods and services. The ISNs are o...
JO  - International Journal of Production Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-12
SP  - 1
EP  - 12
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/00207543.2020.1750727
UR  - https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00207543.2020.1750727
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Migration and Immigration: Uganda and the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Igoye, Agnes
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Public Integrity
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/10999922.2020.1753383
UR  - https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10999922.2020.1753383
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: UK government is urged to publish daily care home deaths as it promises more testing
AU  - Iacobucci, Gareth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The UK government’s pledge to boost covid-19 testing for staff in care homes must be delivered as quickly as possible and be matched with greater transparency over the number of residents dying from the virus, healthcare leaders have urged. The government announced on 15 April that it would expand testing in care homes to all residents and staff with covid-19 symptoms “as capacity is built up,” after its pledge to conduct 100 000 tests a day by the end of April. Currently, only the first five symptomatic residents in care homes are tested for the virus to determine an outbreak. The government also promised that all potential care home residents would now be tested before being discharged from hospital, to help care …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1504-m1504
SP  - m1504
EP  - m1504
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1504
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1504
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pharmacological Therapeutics Targeting RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase, Proteinase and Spike Protein: From Mechanistic Studies to Clinical Trials for COVID-19
AU  - Huang, Jiansheng
AU  - Song, Wenliang
AU  - Huang, Hui
AU  - Sun, Quancai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - An outbreak of novel coronavirus-related pneumonia COVID-19, that was identified in December 2019, has expanded rapidly, with cases now confirmed in more than 211 countries or areas. This constant transmission of a novel coronavirus and its ability to spread from human to human have prompted scientists to develop new approaches for treatment of COVID-19. A recent study has shown that remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the replication and infection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2, 2019-nCov) in vitro. In the United States, one case of COVID-19 was successfully treated with compassionate use of remdesivir in January of 2020. In addition, a clinically proven protease inhibitor, camostat mesylate, has been demonstrated to inhibit Calu-3 infection with SARS-CoV-2 and prevent SARS-2-spike protein (S protein)-mediated entry into primary human lung cells. Here, we systemically discuss the pharmacological therapeutics targeting RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), proteinase and S protein for treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection. This review should shed light on the fundamental rationale behind inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 enzymes RdRp as new therapeutic approaches for management of patients with COVID-19. In addition, we will discuss the viability and challenges in targeting RdRp and proteinase, and application of natural product quinoline and its analog chloroquine for treatment of coronavirus infection. Finally, determining the structural-functional relationships of the S protein of SARS-CoV-2 will provide new insights into inhibition of interactions between S protein and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and enable us to develop novel therapeutic approaches for novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2.
JO  - Journal of Clinical Medicine 2020, Vol. 9, Page 1131
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 4
PG  - 1131-1131
SP  - 1131
EP  - 1131
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/JCM9041131
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/9/4/1131
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Detection of bovine viral diarrhea virus genotype 1 in aerosol by a real time RT-PCR assay
AU  - Hou, Peili
AU  - Xu, Yaru
AU  - Wang, Hongmei
AU  - He, Hongbin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As a pestivirus of the Flaviviridae family, bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), has imposed a large burden on animal husbandry worldwide, and such virus can be transmitted mainly through direct contact with other infected animals and probably via aerosols. In the present study, we aimed to develop a real-time RT-PCR method for detection of BVDV-1 in aerosol samples. A pair of primers specific for highly conserved regions of the BVDV-1 5′-UTR was designed. The standard curve and sensitivity of the developed assay were assessed based on 10-fold serial dilutions of RNA molecular standard. The specificity of the assay was evaluated with other pestiviruses and infectious bovine viruses. The clinical performance was examined by testing 169 aerosol samples. The results showed that a good linear relationship existed between the standard curve and the concentration of template. The lowest detection limit was 5.2 RNA molecules per reaction. This assay was specific for detection of BVDV-1, and no amplification was found for other pestiviruses such as classical swine fever virus (CSFV), border disease virus (BDV), and common infectious bovine viruses, including BVDV-2, infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (IBRV), bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (BPIV-3), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV), bovine ephemeral fever virus (BEFV) and bovine coronavirus (BcoV). The assay was highly reproducible with low variation coefficient values (CVs) for intra-assay and inter-assay. A total of 169 aerosol samples collected from six dairy herds were tested using this method. The results showed that the positive detection rate of BVDV-1 was 17.2% (29/169), which was significantly higher compared with the conventional RT-PCR. Additionally, the positive samples (n = 29) detected by real-time RT-PCR were verified by BVDV RPA-LFD, and a concordance rate of 100% was obtained between them. Taken together, we developed a real-time RT-PCR assay for quantitative analysis of BVDV-1 in aerosol samples, and our finding provided valuable insights into the risk on aerosol transmission of BVDV-1.
JO  - BMC Veterinary Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 16
IS  - 1
PG  - 114-114
SP  - 114
EP  - 114
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s12917-020-02330-6
UR  - https://bmcvetres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12917-020-02330-6
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Multidisciplinary research priorities for the COVID-19 pandemic: a call for action for mental health science
AU  - Holmes, Emily A.
AU  - O'Connor, Rory C.
AU  - Perry, V. Hugh
AU  - Tracey, Irene
AU  - Wessely, Simon
AU  - Arseneault, Louise
AU  - Ballard, Clive
AU  - Christensen, Helen
AU  - Cohen Silver, Roxane
AU  - Everall, Ian
AU  - Ford, Tamsin
AU  - John, Ann
AU  - Kabir, Thomas
AU  - King, Kate
AU  - Madan, Ira
AU  - Michie, Susan
AU  - Przybylski, Andrew K.
AU  - Shafran, Roz
AU  - Sweeney, Angela
AU  - Worthman, Carol M.
AU  - Yardley, Lucy
AU  - Cowan, Katherine
AU  - Cope, Claire
AU  - Hotopf, Matthew
AU  - Bullmore, Ed
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is having a profound effect on all aspects of society, including mental health and physical health. We explore the psychological, social, and neuroscientific effects of COVID-19 and set out the immediate priorities and longer-term strategies for mental health science research. These priorities were informed by surveys of the public and an expert panel convened by the UK Academy of Medical Sciences and the mental health research charity, MQ: Transforming Mental Health, in the first weeks of the pandemic in the UK in March, 2020. We urge UK research funding agencies to work with researchers, people with lived experience, and others to establish a high level coordination group to ensure that these research priorities are addressed, and to allow new ones to be identified over time. The need to maintain high-quality research standards is imperative. International collaboration and a global perspective will be beneficial. An immediate priority is collecting high-quality data on the mental health effects of the COVID-19 pandemic across the whole population and vulnerable groups, and on brain function, cognition, and mental health of patients with COVID-19. There is an urgent need for research to address how mental health consequences for vulnerable groups can be mitigated under pandemic conditions, and on the impact of repeated media consumption and health messaging around COVID-19. Discovery, evaluation, and refinement of mechanistically driven interventions to address the psychological, social, and neuroscientific aspects of the pandemic are required. Rising to this challenge will require integration across disciplines and sectors, and should be done together with people with lived experience. New funding will be required to meet these priorities, and it can be efficiently leveraged by the UK's world-leading infrastructure. This Position Paper provides a strategy that may be both adapted for, and integrated with, research efforts in other countries.
JO  - The Lancet Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30168-1
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30168-1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Risk of SARS-CoV-2 in Immunosuppressed IBD Patients
AU  - Higgins, Peter D. R.
AU  - Ng, Siew
AU  - Danese, Silvio
AU  - Rao, Krishna
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>The SARS-CoV-19 virus and COVID-19 disease raise important questions about the risks to immunosuppressed IBD patients. We review the available data, including the SECURE IBD registry, and draw parallels to previous pandemics of influenza, SARs, and MERS.</p>
JO  - Crohn's & Colitis 360
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/crocol/otaa026
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/crohnscolitis360/advance-article/doi/10.1093/crocol/otaa026/5820482
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on therapeutic choices in Thrombosis-Hemostasis
AU  - Hermans, C.
AU  - Lambert, C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Major therapeutic developments have been achieved in the field of thrombotic and hemorrhagic diseases over the last decade. These include the development and validation of four direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) indicated for numerous thrombotic disorders, both arterial and venous [1]. It also involves new haemostatic agents for hemophilia patients, in particular Factor VIII (FVIII) and Factor IX (FIX) concentrates with extended half-life (EHL) [2;3] and a bispecific antibody mimicking the action of FVIII (Emicizumab) [4;5].
JO  - Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jth.14845
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jth.14845
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Response to SARS-Covid-19-related visitor restrictions on labor and delivery wards in New York City
AU  - Hermann, Alison
AU  - Deligiannidis, Kristina M.
AU  - Bergink, Veerle
AU  - Monk, Catherine
AU  - Fitelson, Elizabeth M.
AU  - Robakis, Thalia K.
AU  - Birndorf, Catherine
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Archives of Women's Mental Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00737-020-01030-2
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00737-020-01030-2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Urticarial eruption in COVID-19 infection
AU  - Henry, D.
AU  - Ackerman, M.
AU  - Sancelme, E.
AU  - Finon, A.
AU  - Esteve, E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is spreading quickly across the world, until a pandemic condition was announced by the WHO on March. Many clinical manifestations of this virus are described and new symptoms are emerging particularly outside respiratory sphere, such as anosmia and ageusia which are recent ORL published symptoms. About skin manifestation, few cases of rashes on patients with laboratory-confirmed Covid-19 were described in two Chineses cohorts.
JO  - Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jdv.16472
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.16472
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - On the alert for cytokine storm: Immunopathology in COVID-19
AU  - Henderson, Lauren A.
AU  - Canna, Scott W.
AU  - Schulert, Grant S.
AU  - Volpi, Stefano
AU  - Lee, Pui Y.
AU  - Kernan, Kate F.
AU  - Caricchio, Roberto
AU  - Mahmud, Shawn
AU  - Hazen, Melissa M.
AU  - Halyabar, Olha
AU  - Hoyt, Kacie J.
AU  - Han, Joseph
AU  - Grom, Alexei A.
AU  - Gattorno, Marco
AU  - Ravelli, Angelo
AU  - de Benedetti, Fabrizio
AU  - Behrens, Edward M.
AU  - Cron, Randy Q.
AU  - Nigrovic, Peter A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is sweeping across the globe. Most patients have mild to moderate symptoms, but a subgroup will become severely ill. Sepsis, respiratory failure, and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are common complications of the disease.(1) Factors associated with ICU admission and death include older age, comorbid conditions, elevated body mass index, lymphopenia, and elevated transaminases, LDH, D-dimer, ferritin, and soluble IL-2 receptor (sIL-2R).(1-4).
JO  - Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/art.41285
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Neurologic Features in Severe SARS-CoV-2 Infection
AU  - Helms, Julie
AU  - Kremer, Stéphane
AU  - Merdji, Hamid
AU  - Clere-Jehl, Raphaël
AU  - Schenck, Malika
AU  - Kummerlen, Christine
AU  - Collange, Olivier
AU  - Boulay, Clotilde
AU  - Fafi-Kremer, Samira
AU  - Ohana, Mickaël
AU  - Anheim, Mathieu
AU  - Meziani, Ferhat
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Neurologic Features in SARS-CoV-2 Infection In a consecutive series of 64 patients with Covid-19 and ARDS, 58 of whom underwent neurologic examination, severe agitation and corticospinal signs were...
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - NEJMc2008597-NEJMc2008597
SP  - NEJMc2008597
EP  - NEJMc2008597
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMc2008597
UR  - http://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMc2008597
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronaviruses and SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Hasöksüz, Mustafa
AU  - Kiliç, Selçuk
AU  - Saraç, Fahriye
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronaviruses (CoVs) cause a broad spectrum of diseases in domestic and wild animals, poultry, and rodents, ranging from mild to severe enteric, respiratory, and systemic disease, and also cause the common cold or pneumonia in humans. Seven coronavirus species are known to cause human infection, four of which, HCoV 229E, HCoV NL63, HCoV HKU1 and HCoV OC43, typically cause cold symptoms in immunocompetent individuals. The others namely SARS-CoV (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus), MERS-CoV (Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus) were zoonotic in origin and cause severe respiratory illness and fatalities. On 31 December 2019, the existence of patients with pneumonia of an unknown etiology were reported to WHO by the national authorities in China. This virus was officially identified by the Coronavirus Study Group as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and the present outbreak of a coronavirus-associated acute respiratory disease was labeled coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19). COVID-19 was seen for the first cases in Turkey on March 10, 2020 and was number 47,029 cases and 1,006 deaths after 1 month. Infections with SARS-CoV-2 are now widespread, and as of 10 April 2020, 1,727,602 cases have been confirmed in more than 210 countries, with 105,728 deaths.
JO  - Turkish journal of medical sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3906/sag-2004-127
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - JLT and the Coronavirus
AU  - Harvey, John H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Loss and Trauma
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/15325024.2020.1745464
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/15325024.2020.1745464
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Possibly critical role of wearing masks in general population in controlling COVID-19
AU  - Han, Guangshu
AU  - Zhou, Yi-Hua
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is now overwhelming spreading in the world. As of April 11, 2020, totally 1.61 million COVID-19 patients were confirmed in more than 200 countries and regions with 99690 deaths. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25886
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Critically-ill COVID-19 patient
AU  - Halaçli, Burçin
AU  - Kaya, Akin
AU  - Topeli Iskit, Arzu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) stands out as the major pandemic that we have experienced in the last century. As it affects every social structure, it brought the importance of intensive care support once again to the agenda of healthcare system after causing severe acute respiratory syndrome. The precautions to be taken against this virus, where our knowledge is extremely small, intensive care units take an indispensable place in pandemic planning. AIM: In this review, we aimed to emphasize the crucial points regarding intensive care management of COVID-19 patients, which we have written not only for intensivists but also for all healthcare professionals.
JO  - Turkish journal of medical sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3906/sag-2004-122
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - <i>In-silico</i> approaches to detect inhibitors of the human severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus envelope protein ion channel
AU  - Gupta, Manoj Kumar
AU  - Vemula, Sarojamma
AU  - Donde, Ravindra
AU  - Gouda, Gayatri
AU  - Behera, Lambodar
AU  - Vadde, Ramakrishna
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Recent outbreak of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic around the world is associated with ‘severe acute respiratory syndrome’ (SARS-CoV2) in humans. SARS-CoV2 is an enveloped virus and E prote...
JO  - Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-11
SP  - 1
EP  - 11
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/07391102.2020.1751300
UR  - https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/07391102.2020.1751300
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: Prevention and control measures in community
AU  - Güner, Hatice Rahmet
AU  - Hasanoğlu, Imran
AU  - Aktaş, Firdevs
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - On January 30, 2020, the WHO declared the COVID-19 outbreak a public health emergency of international concern and, in March 2020, began to characterize it as a pandemic in order to emphasize the gravity of the situation and urge all countries to take action in detecting infection and preventing spread. Unfortunately, there is no medication that has been approved by the FDA, gone through controlled studies and demonstrated an effect on the virus for this global pandemic. Although there are cures for illnesses and developments made by leaps and bounds in our day, the strongest and most effective weapon that society has against this virus that is effecting not just health but also economics, politics, and social order, is the prevention of its spread. The main points in preventing the spread in society are hand hygiene, social distancing and quarantine. With increased testing capacity, detecting more COVID-19 positive patients in the community will also enable the reduction of secondary cases with stricter quarantine rules.
JO  - Turkish journal of medical sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3906/sag-2004-146
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coast-to-coast spread of SARS-CoV-2 during the early epidemic in the United States
AU  - Grubaugh, Joseph R. FauverMary E. Petrone Emma B. Hodcroft Kayoko Shioda Hanna Y. Ehrlich Alexander G. Watts Chantal B. F. Vogels Anderson F. Brito Tara Alpert Anthony Muyombwe Jafar Razeq Randy Downing Nagarjuna R. Cheemarla Anne L. Wyllie Chaney C. Kalinich Isa
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 was first detected in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States in January, 2020, with subsequent COVID-19 outbreaks detected in all 50 states by early March. To uncover the sources of SARS-CoV-2 introductions and patterns of spread within the U.S., we sequenced nine viral genomes from early reported COVID-19 patients in Connecticut. Our phylogenetic analysis places the majority of these genomes with viruses sequenced from Washington state. By coupling our genomic data with domestic and international travel patterns, we show that early SARS-CoV-2 transmission in Connecticut was likely driven by domestic introductions. Moreover, the risk of domestic importation to Connecticut exceeded that of international importation by mid-March regardless of our estimated impacts of federal travel restrictions. This study provides evidence for widespread, sustained transmission of SARS-CoV-2 within the U.S. and highlights the critical need for local surveillance.
JO  - Cell Press
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.cell.2020.04.021
UR  - https://www.cell.com/pb-assets/products/coronavirus/CELL_CELL-D-20-00892.pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The double burden of disease of COVID-19 in cardiovascular patients: overlapping conditions could lead to overlapping treatments
AU  - Gonzalez-Jaramillo, Nathalia
AU  - Low, Nicola
AU  - Franco, Oscar H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Journal of Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s10654-020-00628-1
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10654-020-00628-1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - CoViD-19 and Ortho and Trauma Surgery: the Italian Experience
AU  - Giacomo, Placella
AU  - Damiano, Salvato
AU  - Elena, Delmastro
AU  - Giulia, Bettinelli
AU  - Vincenzo, Salini
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Injury
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/J.INJURY.2020.04.012
UR  - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0020138320303430
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prognostic value of NT-proBNP in patients with severe COVID-19
AU  - Gao, Lei
AU  - Jiang, Dan
AU  - Wen, Xue-song
AU  - Cheng, Xiao-cheng
AU  - Sun, Min
AU  - He, Bin
AU  - You, Lin-na
AU  - Lei, Peng
AU  - Tan, Xiao-wei
AU  - Qin, Shu
AU  - Cai, Guo-qiang
AU  - Zhang, Dong-ying
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in China has been declared a public health emergency of international concern. The cardiac injury is a common condition among the hospitalized patients with COVID-19. However, whether N terminal pro B type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) predicted outcome of severe COVID-19 patients was unknown. The study initially enrolled 102 patients with severe COVID-19 from a continuous sample. After screening out the ineligible cases, 54 patients were analyzed in this study. The primary outcome was in-hospital death defined as the case fatality rate. Research information and following-up data were obtained from their medical records. The best cut-off value of NT-proBNP for predicting in-hospital death was 88.64 pg/mL with the sensitivity for 100% and the specificity for 66.67%. Patients with high NT-proBNP values (> 88.64 pg/mL) had a significantly increased risk of death during the days of following-up compared with those with low values (≤88.64 pg/mL). After adjustment for potential risk factors, NT-proBNP was independently correlated with in-hospital death. NT-proBNP might be an independent risk factor for in-hospital death in patients with severe COVID-19. ClinicalTrials, NCT04292964. Registered 03 March 2020
JO  - Respiratory Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 21
IS  - 1
PG  - 83-83
SP  - 83
EP  - 83
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s12931-020-01352-w
UR  - https://respiratory-research.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12931-020-01352-w
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Time for Universal Masking of the Public for COVID-19 is Now
AU  - Gandhi, Monica
AU  - Havlir, Diane
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Open Forum Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/ofid/ofaa131
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/ofid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ofid/ofaa131/5820544
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Waiting for COVID-19
AU  - Francis, Trudy J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - I wrote this as a narrative piece for school, but it is a very honest description of how I'm feeling at this time. I just wanted to reassure people that I am ok. For anyone else who is feeling the same as I am, it's ok. I think it is good for us to be honest about how we are feeling, and it is perfectly reasonable for us to feel confusion during this time. I also think it is good for us to not let any anxiety overwhelm us. So let it out. Talk to someone. Write it down. And breathe. For me, watching the sunrise this morning was a good way to focus on something other than the chaos, other than my feelings.
JO  - Journal of paediatrics and child health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jpc.14891
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Immunization and participation in amateur youth sports
AU  - Francis, John
AU  - Francis, Leslie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Although inadequate immunization is a significant public health problem, as covid-19 is an urgent reminder, it has been largely ignored in amateur youth sports. By comparison, safety issues such as...
JO  - Journal of the Philosophy of Sport
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-17
SP  - 1
EP  - 17
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/00948705.2020.1750960
UR  - https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00948705.2020.1750960
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Navigating “Down Time” During COVID-19
AU  - Fessell, David
AU  - Garver, Kim
AU  - Lexa, Frank
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Academic Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/J.ACRA.2020.04.006
UR  - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1076633220301987
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Comment on: Cutaneous manifestations in COVID-19: a first perspective. Safety concerns of clinical images and skin biopsies
AU  - Fernandez-Nieto, D.
AU  - Ortega-Quijano, D.
AU  - Segurado-Miravalles, G.
AU  - Pindado-Ortega, C.
AU  - Prieto-Barrios, M.
AU  - Jimenez-Cauhe, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract We have read with great interest the article: Cutaneous manifestations in COVID-19: a first perspective by Recalcati S.1 This article is the first report of the cutaneous manifestations in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients during the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic in Lombardy, Italy.
JO  - Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jdv.16470
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.16470
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cutaneous manifestations in COVID-19: a new contribution
AU  - Estébanez, Andrea
AU  - Pérez-Santiago, Leticia
AU  - Silva, Esmeralda
AU  - Guillen-Climent, Santiago
AU  - García-Vázquez, Alejandro
AU  - Ramón, M. Dolores
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract We have read with great interest Dr Recalcati?s review about skin manifestations in COVID-19 as it is the first report on this subject1. In a recent review on clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China, rash was observed in 0,2% of cases2. However, from the trained eyes of a dermatologist, this percentage may be higher.
JO  - Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jdv.16474
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.16474
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Vaccines: Light at the End of the Tunnel
AU  - Ella, Krishna M.
AU  - Mohan, V. Krishna
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The world is currently facing an unprecedented global pandemic caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Predicting the next source of the pandemic can be very challenging. As vaccination is the best way to prevent an infectious disease, the development of an effective vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 can not only reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with it, but can also lessen the economic impact. As the traditional method of vaccine development takes many years for a vaccine to be available to the society, the vaccine development for SARS-CoV-2 should be speeded up using a pandemic approach with fast-track approvals from the regulatory authorities. Various challenges associated with developing a vaccine during the pandemic such as technological hurdles, clinical development pathways, regulatory issues, and support from global funding agencies are expressed here.
JO  - Indian pediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Certified Coronavirus Immunity as a Resource and Strategy to Cope with Pandemic Costs
AU  - Eichenberger, Reiner
AU  - Hegselmann, Rainer
AU  - Savage, David A.
AU  - Stadelmann, David
AU  - Torgler, Benno
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - SUMMARY A pandemic is not only a biological event and a public health disaster, but it also generates impacts that are worth understanding from economic, societal, historical, and cultural perspectives. In this contribution, we argue that as the disease spreads, we are able to harness a valuable key resource: people who have immunity to coronavirus. This vital resource must be effectively employed, it must be certified, it must be searched for, it must be found, and it may even be actively produced. We discuss why this needs to be done and how this can be achieved. Our arguments not only apply to the current pandemic but also to any future rapidly spreading, infectious disease epidemics. In addition, we argue for high awareness of a major secondary, nonbiological crisis arising from the side effects of societal and economic pandemic reactions to actual or imagined health risks. There is a risk that the impacts of the secondary crisis could outweigh that of the biological event.
JO  - Kyklos
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/kykl.12227
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/kykl.12227
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: Guidance is urgently needed on who should be treated in event of shortages, say lawyers
AU  - Dyer, Clare
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Healthcare lawyers and doctors’ defence bodies have said that national guidance is urgently needed on how to allocate scarce resources such as ventilators during the covid-19 pandemic. The calls came as a law firm threatened to seek a judicial review of the government’s failure to issue official guidance on how doctors should decide between patients if not everyone who needs intensive care treatment can access it. Rook Irwin Sweeney, newly set up by solicitors from the leading law firm Irwin Mitchell, has written a letter before action to Matt Hancock, the health and social care secretary for England, and to NHS England. Acting for a group of disabled campaigners, the firm is challenging the government’s failure to provide guidance for doctors who have …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1503-m1503
SP  - m1503
EP  - m1503
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1503
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1503
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus infections and type 2 diabetes-shared pathways with therapeutic implications
AU  - Drucker, Daniel J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>Individuals with diabetes are at increased risk for bacterial, mycotic, parasitic and viral infections. The severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV2 (also referred to as COVID-19) coronavirus pandemic highlights the importance of understanding shared disease pathophysiology potentially informing therapeutic choices in individuals with Type 2 diabetes (T2D). Two coronavirus receptor proteins, Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) and Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DPP4) are also established transducers of metabolic signals and pathways regulating inflammation, renal and cardiovascular physiology, and glucose homeostasis. Moreover, glucose-lowering agents such as the DPP4 inhibitors, widely used in subjects with T2D, are known to modify the biological activities of multiple immunomodulatory substrates. Here we review the basic and clinical science spanning the intersections of diabetes, coronavirus infections, ACE2, and DPP4 biology, highlighting clinical relevance and evolving areas of uncertainty underlying the pathophysiology and treatment of T2D in the context of coronavirus infection</p>
JO  - Endocrine Reviews
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1210/endrev/bnaa011
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/edrv/advance-article/doi/10.1210/endrev/bnaa011/5820492
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pathological evidence of pulmonary thrombotic phenomena in severe COVID-19
AU  - Dolhnikoff, Marisa
AU  - Duarte-Neto, Amaro Nunes
AU  - de Almeida Monteiro, Renata Aparecida
AU  - Ferraz da Silva, Luiz Fernando
AU  - Pierre de Oliveira, Ellen
AU  - Nascimento Saldiva, Paulo Hilário
AU  - Mauad, Thais
AU  - Marcia Negri, Elnara
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Between February and March 2020, the Journal of Thrombosis and Hemosthasis has published four papers addressing the intricate, complex and still little understood relation between COVID-19 and thrombogenesis (1-4). ARS-Cov-2 induces in severe cases a cytokine storm that ultimately leads to the activation of the coagulation cascade, causing thrombotic phenomena (5). There is a further strong link between abnormal coagulation parameters (D-dimer and fibrin degradation products) and mortality. Tang et al. described that 71.4% of nonsurvivors and 0.6% of survivors showed evidence of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), suggesting that DIC is a frequent occurrence in severe COVID-19 (4). The frequency of DIC in these patients is much higher than that reported for severe SARS (6).
JO  - Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jth.14844
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jth.14844
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Lessons Learned from 9/11: Mental Health Perspectives on the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - DePierro, Jonathan
AU  - Lowe, Sandra
AU  - Katz, Craig
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 pandemic will likely lead to high rates of PTSD, depression, and substance misuse among survivors, victims’ families, medical workers, and other essential personnel. The mental health response to the 9/11/01 terrorist attacks, culminating in a federally-funded health program, provides a template for how providers may serve affected individuals. Drawing on the 9/11 experience, we highlight effective prevention measures, likely short and long-term treatment needs, vulnerable subgroups, and important points of divergence between 9/11 and the COVID-19 pandemic. Mental health monitoring, early identification of at-risk individuals, and treatment irrespective of financial barriers is essential for minimizing chronic distress.
JO  - Psychiatry Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 113024-113024
SP  - 113024
EP  - 113024
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/J.PSYCHRES.2020.113024
UR  - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0165178120308891
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Application of tracheotomy in the treatment of severe cases of COVID-19]
AU  - Deng, Z. F.
AU  - Zhu, T.
AU  - Ding, Y. J.
AU  - Zhou, C. L.
AU  - Kang, Y.
AU  - Qu, J. N.
AU  - Hua, Q. Q.
AU  - Xu, Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: Todiscuss the the effects, indications and protective measures of tracheotomy for severe cases of 2019 novel corona virus disease(COVID-19)patients. Methods: A retrospectively analyze was conducted to explore the clinical data of ofCOVID-19 patients who received tracheotomy in February to March 2020,descriptive statistics were used to analyze the indication of tracheotomy, particularity of intraoperative treatment and protective measures. Results: A total of 4 cases were included in this article, 3 cases were successfully operated, 1 case of postoperative incision continuous bleeding, there were not other complications and nosocomial infection among the medical staff.the patient's condition was relieved in different degrees after the operation, who remain hospitalized. Conclusion: Tracheotomy for severe cases of COVID-19 can achieve certain curative effect, but the occurrence of tracheotomy related complicationsand nosocomial infection should be effectively controlled, and the risk benefit ratio of tracheotomy should be carefully weighed before surgery.
JO  - Zhonghua er bi yan hou tou jing wai ke za zhi = Chinese journal of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 55
IS  - 0
PG  - E009-E009
SP  - E009
EP  - E009
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-0860.2020.0009
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus and the hearts of doctors
AU  - D'Elia, Emilia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Journal of Heart Failure
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/ejhf.1836
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/ejhf.1836
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Levers of Control for Supply Chain Sustainability: Control and Governance Mechanisms in a Cross-Boundary Setting
AU  - de Haan-Hoek, Joost
AU  - Lambrechts, Wim
AU  - Semeijn, Janjaap
AU  - Caniëls, Marjolein C. J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>The rise of global supply chains as well as attention to the Triple Bottom Line provides organizations with new conditions and strategy paradoxes to be dealt with when it comes to sustainability in supply chain management. This study of a large multinational organization with a strong Triple Bottom Line focus provides a comprehensive analysis of the use of control and governance mechanisms in supply chain context. Through the Levers of Control framework, the application of these mechanisms both internally and across organizational boundaries is shown. The interplay between levers helps in dealing with the in itself paradoxical nature of Triple Bottom Line goalsetting. The results show that the “softer” elements of the Triple Bottom Line, i.e., People and Planet, are approached with the lever associated with the beliefs system, which in turn enforces the boundary and interactive control systems. Ultimately, applying the Levers of Control in supply chain context might contribute to pursuing a holistic approach of sustainable supply chain management.</p>
JO  - Sustainability
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 12
IS  - 8
PG  - 3189-3189
SP  - 3189
EP  - 3189
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/su12083189
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/8/3189
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Modelling the epidemic spread of COVID-19 virus infection in Northern African countries
AU  - Daw, Mohamed A.
AU  - El-Bouzedi, Abdallah H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101671-101671
SP  - 101671
EP  - 101671
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/J.TMAID.2020.101671
UR  - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1477893920301393
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID19 impact on nuclear medicine: an Australian perspective
AU  - Currie, Geoff
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-5
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00259-020-04812-z
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00259-020-04812-z
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How simulation modelling can help reduce the impact of COVID-19
AU  - Currie, Christine S. M.
AU  - Fowler, John W.
AU  - Kotiadis, Kathy
AU  - Monks, Thomas
AU  - Onggo, Bhakti Stephan
AU  - Robertson, Duncan A.
AU  - Tako, Antuela A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Modelling has been used extensively by all national governments and the World Health Organisation in deciding on the best strategies to pursue in mitigating the effects of COVID-19. Principally the...
JO  - Journal of Simulation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-15
SP  - 1
EP  - 15
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/17477778.2020.1751570
UR  - https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17477778.2020.1751570
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Dealing with COVID-19 in a Pediatric Rheumatology Unit in Italy
AU  - Costi, Stefania
AU  - Caporali, Roberto
AU  - Cimaz, Rolando
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Pediatric Drugs
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s40272-020-00395-2
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s40272-020-00395-2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Impact of COVID-19 on people with cystic fibrosis
AU  - Colombo, Carla
AU  - Burgel, Pierre-Régis
AU  - Gartner, Silvia
AU  - van Koningsbruggen-Rietschel, Silke
AU  - Naehrlich, Lutz
AU  - Sermet-Gaudelus, Isabelle
AU  - Southern, Kevin W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Early and detailed characterisation of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has emerged principally through publications from China, where the disease was first identified.1 As the pandemic spread to Lombardia, Northern Italy and then globally,2 evaluating the impact on people with cystic fibrosis has become imperative, because the prevalence of this inherited condition is much higher in populations derived from Europe than in other populations.3 Since the beginning of the outbreak in Lombardia, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections have been reported in ten patients with cystic fibrosis out of 42 161 people in the region known to have been infected.
JO  - The Lancet Respiratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30177-6
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30177-6
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Global guidance for surgical care during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Collaborative, COVIDSurg
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background Surgeons urgently need guidance on how to deliver surgical services safely and effectively during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim was to identify the key domains that should be considered when developing pandemic preparedness plans for surgical services. Methods A scoping search was conducted to identify published articles relating to management of surgical patients during pandemics. Key informant interviews were conducted with surgeons and anaesthetists with direct experience of working during infectious disease outbreaks, in order to identify key challenges and solutions to delivering effective surgical services during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results Thirteen articles were identified from the scoping search, and surgeons and anaesthetists representing 11 territories were interviewed. To mount an effective response to COVID-19, a pandemic response plan for surgical services should be developed in advance. Key domains that should be included are: provision of staff training (such as patient transfers, donning and doffing personal protection equipment, recognizing and managing COVID-19 infection); support for the overall hospital response to COVID-19 (reduction in non-urgent activities such as clinics, endoscopy, non-urgent elective surgery); establishment of a team-based approach for running emergency services; and recognition and management of COVID-19 infection in patients treated as an emergency and those who have had surgery. A backlog of procedures after the end of the COVID-19 pandemic is inevitable, and hospitals should plan how to address this effectively to ensure that patients having elective treatment have the best possible outcomes. Conclusion Hospitals should prepare detailed context-specific pandemic preparedness plans addressing the identified domains. Specific guidance should be updated continuously to reflect emerging evidence during the COVID-19 pandemic.
JO  - BJS (British Journal of Surgery)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/bjs.11646
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/bjs.11646
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mathematical prediction of the time evolution of the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy by a Gauss error function and Monte Carlo simulations
AU  - Ciufolini, Ignazio
AU  - Paolozzi, Antonio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In this paper are presented mathematical predictions on the evolution in time of the number of positive cases in Italy of the COVID-19 pandemic based on official data and on the use of a function of the type of a Gauss error function, with four parameters, as a cumulative distribution function. We have analyzed the available data for China and Italy. The evolution in time of the number of cumulative diagnosed positive cases of COVID-19 in China very well approximates a distribution of the type of the error function, that is, the integral of a normal, Gaussian distribution. We have then used such a function to study the potential evolution in time of the number of positive cases in Italy by performing a number of fits of the official data so far available. We then found a statistical prediction for the day in which the peak of the number of daily positive cases in Italy occurs, corresponding to the flex of the fit, that is, to the change in sign of its second derivative (i.e., the change from acceleration to deceleration), as well as of the day in which a substantial attenuation of such number of daily cases is reached. We have also analyzed the predictions of the cumulative number of fatalities in both China and Italy, obtaining consistent results. We have then performed 150 Monte Carlo simulations to have a more robust prediction of the day of the above-mentioned peak and of the day of the substantial decrease in the number of daily positive cases and fatalities. Although official data have been used, those predictions are obtained with a heuristic approach since they are based on a statistical approach and do not take into account either a number of relevant issues (such as number of daily nasopharyngeal swabs, medical, social distancing, virological and epidemiological) or models of contamination diffusion.
JO  - The European Physical Journal Plus 2020 135:4
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 135
IS  - 4
PG  - 1-8
SP  - 1
EP  - 8
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1140/EPJP/S13360-020-00383-Y
UR  - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1140/epjp/s13360-020-00383-y
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Boosting the arsenal against COVID-19 through computational drug repurposing
AU  - Ciliberto, Gennaro
AU  - Cardone, Luca
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Drug Discovery Today
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/J.DRUDIS.2020.04.005
UR  - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1359644620301525
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Medical misinformation in mass and social media: an urgent call for action, especially during epidemics
AU  - Chrousos, George P.
AU  - Mentis, Alexios-Fotios A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - ABSTRACT Grounded in solid epidemiologic investigations and rigorous statistical approaches, Evidence-based Medicine has now been widely recognized as the mainstream pathway leading correct clinical practice, development of guidelines and ensuring patient safety, while protecting society from medical misconceptions and malpractice. Over the last fifteen years, numerous studies have analyzed the standards and quality of scientific research ?a field known as meta-research to improve the rigor of Evidence-based Medicine.
JO  - European Journal of Clinical Investigation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - e13227-e13227
SP  - e13227
EP  - e13227
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/eci.13227
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/eci.13227
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Post-traumatic stress symptoms in hemodialysis patients with MERS-CoV exposure
AU  - Cho, A. Jin
AU  - Lee, Hong-Seock
AU  - Lee, Young-Ki
AU  - Jeon, Hee Jung
AU  - Park, Hayne Cho
AU  - Jeong, Da-Wun
AU  - Kim, Yang-Gyun
AU  - Lee, Sang-Ho
AU  - Lee, Chang-Hee
AU  - Yoo, Kyung Don
AU  - Wong, Ae Kyeong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Post-traumatic stress symptoms can occur in patients with medical illness. During the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) outbreak in South Korea in 2015, some dialysis patients in three centers who were incidentally exposed to patients or medical staff with confirmed MERS-CoV infection were isolated to interrupt the spread of the infection. We aimed to investigate post-traumatic stress symptoms and risk factors among these patients. In total, 116 hemodialysis (HD) patients in contact with MERS-CoV-confirmed subjects were isolated using three strategies, namely, single room isolation, cohort isolation, and self-quarantine. We used the Impact of Event Scale-Revised-Korean (IES-R-K) to examine post-traumatic stress symptoms at 12 months after the isolation period. Of the 116 HD patients, 27 were lost to follow-up. Of the 89 patients, 67 (75.3%) completed the questionnaires. Single room isolation was used on 40 (58.8%) of the patients, cohort isolation on 20 (29.4%), and self-imposed quarantine on 8 (11.8%). In total, 17.9% of participants (n = 12) reported post-traumatic stress symptoms exceeding the IES-R-K’s cutoff point (≧18). Prevalence rates of IES-R-K ≧18 did not differ significantly according to isolation method. However, isolation duration was linearly associated with the IES-R-K score (standardized β coefficient − 0.272, P = 0.026). Scores in Avoidance, Emotional numbing and Dissociation subscale were higher in patients with longer isolation period. MERS was a traumatic experience for quarantined HD patients. IES-R-K scores were not significantly different by isolation methods. However, short isolation was associated with post-traumatic stress symptoms.
JO  - BioPsychoSocial Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 14
IS  - 1
PG  - 9-9
SP  - 9
EP  - 9
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s13030-020-00181-z
UR  - https://bpsmedicine.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13030-020-00181-z
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prevention of COVID-19 in Older Adults: A Brief Guidance from the International Association for Gerontology and Geriatrics (IAGG) Asia/Oceania Region
AU  - Chhetri, Jagadish K.
AU  - Chan, P.
AU  - Arai, H.
AU  - Park, S. Chul
AU  - Sriyani Gunaratne, P.
AU  - Setiati, S.
AU  - Assantachai, P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The journal of nutrition, health & aging
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12603-020-1359-7
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12603-020-1359-7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Computational Identification of Small Interfering RNA Targets in SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Chen, Wei
AU  - Feng, Pengmian
AU  - Liu, Kewei
AU  - Wu, Meng
AU  - Lin, Hao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Virologica Sinica
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12250-020-00221-6
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12250-020-00221-6
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Risk factors of fatal outcome in hospitalized subjects with coronavirus disease 2019 from a nationwide analysis in China
AU  - Chen, Ruchong
AU  - Liang, Wenhua
AU  - Jiang, Mei
AU  - Guan, Weijie
AU  - Zhan, Chen
AU  - Wang, Tao
AU  - Tang, Chunli
AU  - Sang, Ling
AU  - Liu, Jiaxing
AU  - Ni, Zhengyi
AU  - Hu, Yu
AU  - Liu, Lei
AU  - Shan, Hong
AU  - Lei, Chunliang
AU  - Peng, Yixiang
AU  - Wei, Li
AU  - Liu, Yong
AU  - Hu, Yahua
AU  - Peng, Peng
AU  - Wang, Jianming
AU  - Liu, Jiyang
AU  - Chen, Zhong
AU  - Li, Gang
AU  - Zheng, Zhijian
AU  - Qiu, Shaoqin
AU  - Luo, Jie
AU  - Ye, Changjiang
AU  - Zhu, Shaoyong
AU  - Liu, Xiaoqing
AU  - Cheng, Linling
AU  - Ye, Feng
AU  - Zheng, Jinping
AU  - Zhang, Nuofu
AU  - Li, Yimin
AU  - He, Jianxing
AU  - Li, Shiyue
AU  - Zhong, Nanshan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a global health emergency. Cumulative number of new confirmed case and death are still increasing out of China. However, the independent predicted factors associated with the fatal outcome remain uncertain. METHODS A retrospective cohort of 1590 hospitalized subjects with COVID-19 throughout China was established. The prognostic effects of variables, including clinical features and laboratory findings, were analyzed using Kapla-Meier method and Cox proportional hazard model. A prognostic nomogram was formulated to predict the survival of patient with COVID-19. RESULTS In this nationwide cohort, non-survivors showed higher incidence of elderly people, subjects with co-existing chronic illness, dyspnea and laboratory abnormalities on admission, compared with survivors. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that age≥75 (HR: 7.86, 95% CI: 2.44-25.35), age between 65-74 years (HR:3.43, 95%CI: 1.24-9.5), coronary heart disease (HR:4.28, 95%CI:1.14-16.13), cerebrovascular disease(HR:3.1, 95%CI:1.07-8.94), dyspnea (HR: 3.96, 95%CI:1.42-11), procalcitonin>0.5ng/ml(HR:8.72, 95%CI:3.42-22.28), aspartate aminotransferase>40U/liter (HR: 2.2, 95% CI: 1.1- 6.73) were independent risk factors associated with fatal outcome. A nomogram was established based on the results of multivariate analysis. The internal bootstrap resampling approach suggested the nomogram has sufficient discriminatory power with the C-index of 0.91 (95%CI 0.85-0.97). The calibration plots also demonstrated good consistence between the prediction and the observation. CONCLUSIONS The proposed nomogram accurately predict clinical outcomes of patients with COVID-19 based on individual characteristics. Earlier identification, more intensive surveillance and appropriate therapy should be considered in patients with high risk.
JO  - Chest
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/J.CHEST.2020.04.010
UR  - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012369220307108
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Liver impairment associated with disease progression in COVID-19 patients
AU  - Chen, Peng
AU  - Lei, Jiexin
AU  - Wu, Yue
AU  - Liu, Gang
AU  - Zhou, Benhong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract We read with great interest the study by YF Zhang et al [1]. The authors found that abnormalities of liver function tests are common in COVID-19 patients, but the clinically significant liver dysfunction in COVID-19 was not a prominent feature of this illness and also may not have serious clinical consequences. This study is important and interesting; however, we still have some concerns about it.
JO  - Liver International
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/liv.14481
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.14481
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - China’s ongoing battle against the coronavirus: Why did the lockdown strategy work well?
AU  - Chen, Liding
AU  - Yuan, Xingzhong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - “Why did the lockdown strategy work well in China’s ongoing battle against the coronavirus pandemic?”is one of the three questions the journal editor Wei-Ning Xiang asked us to respond to from our experiences in the past several months since December 2019. At this critical juncture when the people in China are progressing on the battleground, we dedicate this communication essay to all the people fighting against the pandemic around the world.
JO  - Socio-Ecological Practice Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-6
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s42532-020-00048-1
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s42532-020-00048-1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coinfection with COVID-19 and Coronavirus HKU1 - the critical need for repeat testing if clinically indicated
AU  - Chaung, Jenna
AU  - Chan, Douglas
AU  - Pada, Surinder
AU  - Tambyah, Paul A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 is the latest global pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus -2 (SARS-CoV-2). There have been seven pathogenic Human Coronaviruses (HCoVs) which cause respiratory infections. Common cold coronaviruses HCoV-229E, HCoV-OC43, HCoV-NL63, HCoV-HKU1 are the four endemic HCoVs. SARS-CoV-1, MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2 are zoonotic emerging epidemic pathogens with significant morbidity, mortality and economic impact. The endemic HCoVs have been known to cause co-infections or can be co-detected with each other or with other respiratory viruses. In general, respiratory viral co-infections are recognized more commonly today with the use of respiratory multiplex molecular diagnostic panels. Clinicians need to be aware of co-infections among HCoVs. A high degree of suspicion in this rapidly evolving outbreak is required in order to make the diagnosis. This is vital if we are to try and contain and control the spread of the COVID-19. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25890
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus nucleocapsid protein suppresses type I and type III interferon induction by targeting RIG-I signaling
AU  - Chang, Chi-You
AU  - Liu, Helene Minyi
AU  - Chang, Ming-Fu
AU  - Chang, Shin C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>Type I and type III interferons (IFNs) are the frontlines of antiviral defense mechanism that trigger hundreds of downstream antiviral genes. In this study, we observed that MERS-CoV nucleocapsid (N) protein suppresses type I and III IFN gene expression. The N protein suppresses Sendai virus-induced IFN-β and IFN-λ1 by reducing their promoter activity and mRNA levels as well as downstream IFN stimulated genes (ISGs). Retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I) is known to recognize viral RNA and induce IFN expression through tripartite motif-containing protein 25 (TRIM25)-mediated ubiquitination of RIG-I caspase activation and recruitment domains (CARDs). We discovered that MERS-CoV N protein suppresses RIG-I-CARD-, but not MDA5-CARD-induced IFN-β and IFN-λ1 promoter activity. By interacting with TRIM25, N protein impedes RIG-I ubiquitination and activation and inhibits the phosphorylation of transcription factors IFN-regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) and NF-κB that are known to be important for IFN gene activation. By employing recombinant Sindbis virus-EGFP replication system, we showed that viral N protein downregulated the production of not only IFN mRNA but also bioactive IFN proteins. Taken together, MERS-CoV N protein functions as an IFN antagonist. It suppresses RIG-I-induced type I and type III IFN production by interfering with TRIM25-mediated RIG-I ubiquitination. Our study sheds light on the pathogenic mechanism of how MERS-CoV causes disease.</p>
JO  - Journal of Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1128/JVI.00099-20
UR  - http://jvi.asm.org/lookup/doi/10.1128/JVI.00099-20
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - EMERGING AND REEMERGING RESPIRATORY VIRAL INFECTIONS UP TO COVID-19
AU  - Çelik, Ilhami
AU  - Saatçi, Esma
AU  - Eyüboğlu, Ayşegül Füsun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Infectious diseases remain as the significant causes of human and animal morbidity and mortality, leading to extensive outbreaks and epidemics. Acute respiratory viral diseases claim over four million deaths and cause millions of hospitalizations in developing countries every year. Emerging viruses, especially the RNA viruses, are more pathogenic since most people have no herd immunity. The RNA viruses can adapt to the rapidly changing global and local environment due to the high error rate of their polymerases that replicate their genomes. Currently, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is determined as an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which was first identified in 2019 in Wuhan. Herein we discuss emerging and reemerging respiratory viral infections till to SARS-CoV-2.
JO  - Turkish journal of medical sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3906/sag-2004-126
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Innovative technologies for hand hygiene monitoring are urgently needed in the fight against COVID-19
AU  - Cawthorne, K. R.
AU  - Cooke, R. P. D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Hospital Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/J.JHIN.2020.04.005
UR  - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0195670120301808
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Economic Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Radiology Practices
AU  - Cavallo, Joseph J.
AU  - Forman, Howard P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 pandemic will have a profound impact on Radiology practices across the country. Policy measures adopted to slow the transmission of disease are decreasing the demand for imaging independent of COVID-19. Hospital preparations to expand crisis capacity are further diminishing the amount of appropriate medical imaging that can be safely performed. While economic recessions generally tend to result in decreased health care expenditures, radiology groups have never experienced an economic shock that is simultaneously exacerbated by the need to restrict the availability of imaging. Outpatient heavy practices will feel the biggest impact of these changes, but all imaging volumes will decrease. Anecdotal experience suggests that radiology practices should anticipate 50%-70% decreases in imaging volume that will last a minimum of 3-4 months, depending on the location of practice and the severity of the COVID-19 pandemic in each region. The CARES Act provides multiple means of direct and indirect aid to healthcare providers and small businesses. The final allocation of this funding is not yet clear, and it is likely that additional congressional action will be necessary to stabilize health care markets. Administrators and practice leaders need to be proactive with practice modifications and financial maneuvers that can position them to emerge from this pandemic in the most viable economic position. It is possible that this crisis will have lasting effects on the structure of the radiology field.
JO  - Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 201495-201495
SP  - 201495
EP  - 201495
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1148/radiol.2020201495
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: A Recommendation to Examine the Effect of Mouthrinses with β-Cyclodextrin Combined with Citrox in Preventing Infection and Progression
AU  - Carrouel, Florence
AU  - Conte, Maria Pia
AU  - Fisher, Julian
AU  - Gonçalves, Lucio Souza
AU  - Dussart, Claude
AU  - Llodra, Juan Carlos
AU  - Bourgeois, Denis
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>Considered to be a major portal of entry for infectious agents, the oral cavity is directly associated with the evolutionary process of SARS‐CoV‐2 in its inhalation of ambient particles in the air and in expectorations. Some new generations of mouth rinses currently on the market have ingredients that could contribute to lower the SARS‐CoV‐2 viral load, and thus facilitate the fight against oral transmission. If chlorhexidine, a usual component of mouth rinse, is not efficient to kill SARS‐CoV‐2, the use of a mouth rinses and/or with local nasal applications that contain β-cyclodextrins combined with flavonoids agents, such as Citrox, could provide valuable adjunctive treatment to reduce the viral load of saliva and nasopharyngeal microbiota, including potential SARS‐CoV‐2 carriage. We urge national agencies and authorities to start clinical trials to evaluate the preventive effects of βCD-Citrox therapeutic oral biofilm rinses in reducing the viral load of the infection and possibly disease progression.</p>
JO  - Journal of Clinical Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 4
PG  - 1126-1126
SP  - 1126
EP  - 1126
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/jcm9041126
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/9/4/1126
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in Pediatrics: A Laboratory Perspective
AU  - Cao, Jing
AU  - Devaraj, Sridevi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/jalm/jfaa065
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/jalm/advance-article/doi/10.1093/jalm/jfaa065/5820516
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Priorities for Cath labs in the COVID-19 tsunami
AU  - Campo, Gianluca
AU  - Rapezzi, Claudio
AU  - Tavazzi, Luigi
AU  - Ferrari, Roberto
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European heart journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa308
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 may induce Guillain-Barré syndrome
AU  - Camdessanche, Jean-Philippe
AU  - Morel, Jérôme
AU  - Pozzetto, Bruno
AU  - Paul, Stéphane
AU  - Tholance, Yannick
AU  - Botelho-Nevers, Elisabeth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Revue Neurologique
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.neurol.2020.04.003
UR  - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0035378720305221
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Psychological Impact and Coping Strategies of Frontline Medical Staff in Hunan Between January and March 2020 During the Outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID‑19) in Hubei, China
AU  - Cai, Haozheng
AU  - Tu, Baoren
AU  - Ma, Jing
AU  - Chen, Limin
AU  - Fu, Lei
AU  - Jiang, Yongfang
AU  - Zhuang, Quan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND Throughout China, during the recent epidemic in Hubei province, frontline medical staff have been responsible for tracing contacts of patients infected with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‑19). This study aimed to investigate the psychological impact and coping strategies of frontline medical staff in Hunan province, adjacent to Hubei province, during the COVID‑19 outbreak between January and March 2020. MATERIAL AND METHODS A cross-sectional observational study included doctors, nurses, and other hospital staff throughout Hunan province between January and March 2020. The study questionnaire included five sections and 67 questions (scores, 0-3). The chi-squared χ² test was used to compare the responses between professional groups, age-groups, and gender. RESULTS Study questionnaires were completed by 534 frontline medical staff. The responses showed that they believed they had a social and professional obligation to continue working long hours. Medical staff were anxious regarding their safety and the safety of their families and reported psychological effects from reports of mortality from COVID‑19 infection. The availability of strict infection control guidelines, specialized equipment, recognition of their efforts by hospital management and the government, and reduction in reported cases of COVID‑19 provided psychological benefit. CONCLUSIONS The COVID‑19 outbreak in Hubei resulted in increased stress for medical staff in adjacent Hunan province. Continued acknowledgment of the medical staff by hospital management and the government, provision of infection control guidelines, specialized equipment and facilities for the management of COVID‑19 infection should be recognized as factors that may encourage medical staff to work during future epidemics.
JO  - Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 26
IS  - 
PG  - e924171-e924171
SP  - e924171
EP  - e924171
AN  - 
DO  - 10.12659/MSM.924171
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Social Distancing—What Would It Mean for It to Work?
AU  - Buntin, Melinda B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA Health Forum
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 1
IS  - 4
PG  - e200474-e200474
SP  - e200474
EP  - e200474
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/JAMAHEALTHFORUM.2020.0474
UR  - https://jamanetwork.com/channels/health-forum/fullarticle/2764778?resultClick=1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Hyperglycemia, Hydroxychloroquine, and the COVID-19 Epidemic
AU  - Brufsky, Adam
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 infection and its severity can be explained by the concentration of glycosylated SARS- CoV-2 viral particles in the lung epithelium, the concentration of glycosylated angiotensin converting enzyme receptor 2 (ACE2) in the lung epithelium, and the degree and control of the pulmonary immune response to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein at approximately day 8-10 after symptom onset, which may be related to both. Binding of ACE2 by SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 also suggests that prolonged uncontrolled hyperglycemia, and not just a history of diabetes mellitus, may be important in the pathogenesis of the disease. It is tempting to consider that the same mechanism acts in COVID-19 as in SARS, where an overactive macrophage M1 inflammatory response, as neutralizing antibodies to the SARS-CoV- 2 spike protein form at day 7-10, results in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in susceptible patients. It is also allows consideration of agents, such as hydroxychloroquine, which may interfere with this overly brisk macrophage inflammatory response and perhaps influence the course of the disease, in particular those that blunt but do not completely abrogate the M1 to M2 balance in macrophage polarization, as well as viral load, which in SARS appears to be temporally related to the onset of ARDS. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25887
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) and Biologic Therapy in Psoriasis: Infection Risk and Patient Counseling in Uncertain Times
AU  - Brownstone, Nicholas D.
AU  - Thibodeaux, Quinn G.
AU  - Reddy, Vidhatha D.
AU  - Myers, Bridget A.
AU  - Chan, Stephanie Y.
AU  - Bhutani, Tina
AU  - Liao, Wilson
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - With the emergence of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) viral pandemic, there is uncertainty whether biologic agents for psoriasis may place patients at a higher risk for infection or more severe disease course. This commentary offers patient counseling recommendations based on the current available evidence. While there are currently no specific data for psoriasis biologics and COVID-19, data are presented here from phase III clinical trials of psoriasis biologics on rates of upper respiratory infection, influenza, and serious infection. Overall these data reveal that on the whole, psoriasis biologics do not show major increases in infection risk compared to placebo during the course of these trials. However, as the COVID-19 virus is a novel pathogen that is associated with mortality in a subset of patients, a cautious approach is warranted. We discuss factors that may alter the benefit–risk ratio of biologic use during this time of COVID-19 outbreak. Ultimately, treatment decisions should be made on the basis of dialogue between patient and provider, considering each patient’s individualized situation. Once this pandemic has passed, it is only a matter of time before a new viral disease reignites the same issues discussed here.
JO  - Dermatology and Therapy 2020
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-11
SP  - 1
EP  - 11
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/S13555-020-00377-9
UR  - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13555-020-00377-9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Infeccion Por Sars-Cov-2 En La Paciente Obstetrica: Una Perspectiva Desde El Cuidado Critico
AU  - Borre, Diana
AU  - Santacruz, Jose
AU  - Gonzalez-Hernandez, Jeniffer
AU  - Anichiarico, Walter
AU  - Romero, Jorge Rubio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - La nueva infección por coronavirus (COVID-19) se constituye en el principal problema de salud pública en el mundo. Entre el 5 al 30% de los pacientes afectados por esta enfermedad requieren manejo en una unidad de cuidado intensivo. Se han generado diferentes publicaciones con recomendaciones para la población general. Sin embargo, en la población obstétrica la evidencia científica es reducida, aún más cuando se trata de infección por COVID-19 en escenarios de cuidado intensivo obstétrico. Por esta razón, se realizó una revisión narrativa no sistemática de la literatura utilizando como fuente de información MEDLINE, sociedades científicas y los repositorios de la Organización mundial de la Salud y el Ministerio de salud y Protección Social de Colombia, con el objetivo de describir algunas sugerencias para el manejo de una paciente embarazada con COVID-19 en una unidad de cuidados intensivo. Se resalta que la atención debe ser realizada por un equipo interdisciplinario, bajo monitorización materna y fetal cuando corresponda, vigilando los niveles de saturación de oxígeno y la hemodinamia materna para minimizar la hipoxemia fetal. Se describen recomendaciones sobre algunos tópicos relevantes en el escenario critico como la intubación oportuna, la utilización adecuada de los Equipos de Protección Personal (EPP), el manejo de la falla circulatoria, las estrategias restrictivas de fluidos y/o vasopresores, entre otros. The new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) is currently the leading public health problem in the world. Between 5% and 30% of patients affected by this disease require management in an intensive care unit. Different documents have been published with recommendations for the general population. However, in the obstetric patient, the scientific evidence is limited, and even more so when it comes to COVID-19 infection in obstetric intensive care settings. For this reason, an unsystematic narrative review of the literature was performed using MEDLINE, scientific societies, as well as the repositories of the World Health Organisation and the Ministry of Health and Social Protection of Colombia as sources of information, in order to describe the management of a pregnant patient with COVID-19 in an intensive care unit. It is emphasised that care must be carried out by a multidisciplinary team, using maternal and fetal monitoring when appropriate. It is also suggested that there must be monitoring of oxygen saturation and maternal haemodynamics in order to minimise fetal hypoxaemia. A description is also presented of some recommendations on relevant topics in the critical scenario that include, among others, timely intubation, the adequate use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), the management of circulatory failure, as well as fluid and vasopressor restriction strategies.
JO  - Acta Colombiana de Cuidado Intensivo
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/J.ACCI.2020.04.002
UR  - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S012272622030032X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 pulmonary involvement: is really an interstitial pneumonia?
AU  - Boraschi, Piero
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Academic Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.acra.2020.04.010
UR  - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1076633220302026
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Neverending Shift: A feminist reflection on living and organising academic lives during the Coronavirus pandemic
AU  - Boncori, Ilaria
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This paper offers a feminist reflection written as a nocturnal stream of consciousness exposing the embodied, emotional and professional experience of living and working during a pandemic outbreak. Framed within a feminist approach, this personal narrative provides and example of the effects of such unexpected and unprecedented circumstances on personal and professional academic lives. Developed during the first stage of the (inter)national Coronavirus pandemic, my reflections address issues of privilege; emotional labour; the virtual invasion of the home space within the current increasingly ambiguous space of ?the workplace?; workload, and wellbeing. Further, I consider how the newly enforced flexible work measures based on online tools have turned current work-life dynamics into a ?Neverending Shift?.
JO  - Gender, Work & Organization
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/gwao.12451
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/gwao.12451
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus, Climate Change, and a Bit of Hope
AU  - Bonar, Scott A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Inspired and hopeful! Those words describe how I feel after seeing worldwide and AFS member response to coronavirus. The pandemic is of course devastating, but some good things are collateral results of a world shifting gears. The kindness, hard work and decency of people including fisheries professionals are on full display. AFS members and staff are staying at home and social distancing. I see them working together to put on virtual fisheries conferences. I observe AFS staff making extremely hard decisions about budget adjustments, many of which affect their personal wellbeing, to keep AFS financially healthy.
JO  - Fisheries
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/fsh.10444
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/fsh.10444
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Concerns related to COVID-19 pandemic among patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease, and its influence on patients management
AU  - Bodini, Giorgia
AU  - Demarzo, Maria Giulia
AU  - Casagrande, Edoardo
AU  - De Maria, Costanza
AU  - Kayali, Stefano
AU  - Ziola, Sebastiano
AU  - Giannini, Edoardo G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - ABSTRACT A novel coronavirus, currently identified as COVID-19, was recently defined as the cause of a cluster of patients with pneumonia of unknown origin that was initially reported from Wuhan, Hubei province, People?s Republic of China.
JO  - European Journal of Clinical Investigation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - e13233-e13233
SP  - e13233
EP  - e13233
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/eci.13233
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/eci.13233
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in patients with HIV: clinical case series
AU  - Blanco, Jose L.
AU  - Ambrosioni, Juan
AU  - Garcia, Felipe
AU  - Martínez, Esteban
AU  - Soriano, Alex
AU  - Mallolas, Josep
AU  - Miro, Jose M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As of March 24, 2020, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has affected almost 400 000 people in 168 countries on five continents. Older patients (>60 years) and those with comorbidities (eg, hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, lung disease, and chronic kidney disease) present with more severe infection and worse prognosis.1 Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been described in only one patient with HIV in Wuhan, China,2 but case series in patients with HIV are lacking despite 37·9 million people having HIV globally.
JO  - The Lancet HIV
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2352-3018(20)30111-9
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-3018(20)30111-9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Norming COVID-19: The Urgency of a Non-Humanist Holism
AU  - Bishop, Jeffrey P.
AU  - Fitzgerald, Martin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract If one surveys contemporary news headlines, one will encounter a litany of thought-pieces on what is to blame for the COVID-19 pandemic. It is said to be a result of Chinese food policy, of the proliferation of air travel, of a slow quarantine response by Western nations, or of Spring Breakers. Yet, each ?master key? falls short of explaining the global scale of the phenomenon. The causes proposed aim to achieve normative control over the world; one way or another they are complicit in an anthropocentric humanism. The world we inhabit, however, is the result of far more than human processes, whether these be as individuals, communities, or nation-states. To see COVID-19 as emerging only from a failure of legislation or social policy confuses tools of ethical evaluation with diagnostic analysis. In our paper, we outline an alternate mode of analysis, namely one through overlapping, provisionally-stipulated systems emerging from a nonhumanist perspective. The COVID-19 pandemic poses a rare opportunity to elaborate such an analysis because of the different systems (e.g. biological, agricultural, economic, political, legislative, technic, etc.) that contribute to the outbreak and by the speed with which the powerful asymmetric shocks of the pandemic have appeared. To develop our mode of analysis, we will first demonstrate why conventional humanist models of diagnosis are inadequate, paying specific attention to the cosmopolitan assumptions latent in perceiving COVID-19 as, for example, resulting from a failure in legislation. We will then develop a logic of systems, their interaction, and how forces within one may be transformed to influence another. Our contribution will benefit from a dialogue between two of the most penetrating contemporary nonhumanist researchers, Bernard Stiegler and Keith Ansell-Pearson. On the shambles of the failure of the alternatives, we recommend this mode of analysis because it gives due place to complexity and abandons the search for a single culprit.
JO  - The Heythrop Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/heyj.13570
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/heyj.13570
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Loneliness and Social Isolation in Older Adults During the Covid-19 Pandemic: Implications for Gerontological Social Work
AU  - Berg-Weger, Marla
AU  - Morley, J. E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The journal of nutrition, health & aging
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12603-020-1366-8
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12603-020-1366-8
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Utility of hyposmia and hypogeusia for the diagnosis of COVID-19
AU  - Bénézit, François
AU  - Le Turnier, Paul
AU  - Declerck, Charles
AU  - Paillé, Cécile
AU  - Revest, Matthieu
AU  - Dubée, Vincent
AU  - Tattevin, Pierre
AU  - Arvieux, Cédric
AU  - Baldeyrou, Marion
AU  - Chapplain, Jean-Marc
AU  - Comacle, Pauline
AU  - Patrat-Delon, Solène
AU  - Maillard, Anne
AU  - Poinot, Mélanie
AU  - Pronier, Charlotte
AU  - Souala, Faouzi
AU  - Thibault, Vincent
AU  - Abgueguen, Pierre
AU  - Cormier, Hélène
AU  - Delbos, Valérie
AU  - de la Chapelle, Marine
AU  - Ducancelle, Alexandra
AU  - Mahieu, Rafael
AU  - Rabier, Valérie
AU  - Rehaiem, Sami
AU  - Vandamme, Yves
AU  - Biron, Charlotte
AU  - Brochon, Jeanne
AU  - Boutoille, David
AU  - Chauveau, Marie
AU  - Deschanvres, Colin
AU  - Gaborit, Benjamin J.
AU  - Jenvrin, Joël
AU  - Lecomte, Raphaël
AU  - Lefebvre, Maeva
AU  - Raffi, François
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Early and accurate diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is key to the management of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Following its emergence in China in December, 2019, SARS-CoV-2 has spread in the northern hemisphere during the winter season, when other respiratory viruses, including influenza, co-circulate. This epidemiological conjunction complicates clinical diagnosis of COVID-19 because patients often present with influenza-like illness (ILI). © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30297-8
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30297-8
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Toward understanding the 2019 Coronavirus and its impact on the heart
AU  - Becker, Richard C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis 2020
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-10
SP  - 1
EP  - 10
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/S11239-020-02107-6
UR  - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11239-020-02107-6
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Transient complete heart block in a patient with critical COVID-19
AU  - Azarkish, Mona
AU  - Laleh Far, Vahideh
AU  - Eslami, Masoud
AU  - Mollazadeh, Reza
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European heart journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa307
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Psoriasis health care in the time of the coronavirus pandemic: insights from dedicated centers in sardinia (Italy)
AU  - Atzori, L.
AU  - Mugheddu, C.
AU  - Addis, G.
AU  - Sanna, S.
AU  - Satta, R.
AU  - Ferreli, C.
AU  - Atzori, M. G.
AU  - Montesu, M. A.
AU  - Rongioletti, F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Psoriasis is a major chronic inflammatory skin disease, affecting about 3% of the population in Italy, whose management require experienced specialists in order to guarantee high-quality standards of care. The pandemic coronavirus (2019-nCoV; COVID-19) has changed the approach to all patients requiring close contact during a visit, including dermatologic consultations. In Italy, true outbreak begun in Lombardy, by February 21, 2020 with exponential contagion, surpassing China in the number of deaths.
JO  - Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jdv.16473
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.16473
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 shedding and infectivity
AU  - Atkinson, Barry
AU  - Petersen, Eskild
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We thank Barry Atkinson and Eskild Petersen for their comments on our Article describing the clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China.1 We agree that the presence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) viral RNA in a respiratory specimen cannot be directly interpreted as a potential for disease transmission and infection.
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30868-0
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30868-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2, an evolutionary perspective of interaction with human ACE2 reveals undiscovered amino acids necessary for complex stability
AU  - Armijos-Jaramillo, Vinicio
AU  - Yeager, Justin
AU  - Muslin, Claire
AU  - Perez-Castillo, Yunierkis
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 has resulted in nearly 1,280,000 infections and 73,000 deaths globally so far. This novel virus acquired the ability to infect human cells using the SARS-CoV cell receptor hACE2. Because of this it is essential to improve our understanding of the evolutionary dynamics surrounding the SARS-CoV-2 hACE2 interaction. One way theory predicts selection pressures should shape viral evolution is to enhance binding with host cells. We first assessed evolutionary dynamics in select betacoronavirus spike protein genes to predict whether these genomic regions are under directional or purifying selection between divergent viral lineages, at various scales of relatedness. With this analysis, we determine a region inside the receptor-binding domain with putative sites under positive selection interspersed among highly conserved sites, which are implicated in structural stability of the viral spike protein and its union with human receptor ACE2. Next, to gain further insights into factors associated with recognition of the human host receptor, we performed modeling studies of five different betacoronaviruses and their potential binding to hACE2. Modeling results indicate that interfering with the salt bridges at hot spot 353 could be an effective strategy for inhibiting binding, and hence for the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infections. We also propose that a glycine residue at the receptor-binding domain of the spike glycoprotein can have a critical role in permitting bat SARS-related coronaviruses to infect human cells.
JO  - Evolutionary Applications
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/eva.12980
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.12980
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Management of the SARS-CoV-2 (Covid 19) coronavirus epidemic in hemodialysis units
AU  - Arenas, María Dolores
AU  - Villar, Judit
AU  - González, Cristina
AU  - Cao, Higinio
AU  - Collado, Silvia
AU  - Crespo, Marta
AU  - Horcajada, Juan Pablo
AU  - Pascual, Julio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The current outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 represents a special risk for renal patients due to their comorbidities and advanced age. The usual performance of hemodialysis treatment s in collective rooms increases the risk. The specific information at this time in this regard is very limited. This manuscript includes a proposal for action to prevent infection in the N ephrology S ervices, and in particular in H emodialysis U nits, with the objective of early identification of patients who meet the definition of a suspected case of infection by SARS-CoV-2 and propose circuits and mechanisms to carry out hemodialysis treatment s. They are recommendations in continuous review and can be modified if the epidemiological situation, the diagnostic and therapeutic options so require. La epidemia de SARS-CoV-2 representa un riesgo especial para los pacientes renales por su condición de personas con comorbilidades y edad avanzada, y por la realización del tratamiento de hemodiálisis en salas colectivas. La información específica en el momento actual al respecto es muy limitada. El presente manuscrito recoge una propuesta de actuación para prevenir la infección en los Servicios de Nefrología, y en particular en las Unidades de Hemodiálisis, con el objetivo de identificar precozmente aquellos pacientes que cumplan con la definición de caso sospechoso de infección por el SARS-CoV-2 y proponer circuitos y mecanismos para administrarles el tratamiento con hemodiálisis. Son recomendaciones en continua revisión y podrán ser modificadas si la situación epidemiológica y las opciones diagnóstico-terapéuticas así lo requieren.
JO  - Nefrología (English Edition)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/J.NEFROE.2020.04.001
UR  - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2013251420300493
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Abnormal coagulation parameters are associated with poor prognosis in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia
AU  - Arachchillage, Deepa Rj
AU  - Laffan, Mike
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Recently published article by Dr Tang and colleagues on ''Abnormal coagulation parameters are associated with poor prognosis in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia'' highlighted that disseminated intravascular coagulation is common severe respiratory failure patients with Covid 19(1) . Novel Coronavirus (Covid-19) infection leading to pneumonia and severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) was first reported in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China and has subsequently spread to almost all other countries in the world. On 11/03/2020, WHO declared the Covid-19 outbreak a global pandemic.
JO  - Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jth.14820
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Features and Limitations of LitCovid Hub for Quick Access to Literature About COVID-19
AU  - Arab-Zozani, Morteza
AU  - Hassanipour, Soheil
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Balkan medical journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2020.2020.4.67
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The UK Coronavirus Cancer Monitoring Project: protecting patients with cancer in the era of COVID-19
AU  - Anil, Iris
AU  - Arnold, Roland
AU  - Benkwitz-Beford, Sam
AU  - Branford, Simon
AU  - Campton, Naomi
AU  - Cazier, Jean-Baptiste
AU  - Cheng, Vinton
AU  - Curley, Helen
AU  - D'Costa, Jamie
AU  - Edmondson, Andrew
AU  - Goel, Anshita
AU  - Hartley, Simon
AU  - Hughes, Daniel J.
AU  - Kerr, Rachel
AU  - Lee, Alvin
AU  - Lee, Lennard Y. W.
AU  - Longworth, Naomi
AU  - Middleton, Christopher
AU  - Middleton, Gary
AU  - Naksukpaiboon, Piangfan
AU  - Olsson-Brown, Anna
AU  - Palles, Claire
AU  - Purshouse, Karin
AU  - Sandys, Carol
AU  - Sharma-Oates, Archana
AU  - Sivakumar, Shivan
AU  - Smith, Ashley
AU  - Starkey, Thomas
AU  - Thompson, Simon
AU  - Varnai, Csilla
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The UK Coronavirus Cancer Monitoring Project (UKCCMP) aims to collect, analyse, and disseminate in real time data from the UK cancer centres about severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection rates in patients with cancer, and their outcomes in terms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This approach will enable oncologists to gain crucial insights to inform decision making. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
JO  - The Lancet Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30230-8
UR  - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1470204520302308
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Visualizing Speech-Generated Oral Fluid Droplets with Laser Light Scattering
AU  - Anfinrud, Philip
AU  - Stadnytskyi, Valentyn
AU  - Bax, Christina E.
AU  - Bax, Adriaan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - NEJMc2007800-NEJMc2007800
SP  - NEJMc2007800
EP  - NEJMc2007800
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMc2007800
UR  - http://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMc2007800
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Coronavirus Pandemic: Adaptations in Medical Education
AU  - Alsafi, Zaid
AU  - Abbas, Abdul-Rahman
AU  - Hassan, Aimen
AU  - Ali, Mohamed Adam
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International Journal of Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.03.083
UR  - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1743919120303101
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Maintaining the quality standards of care for inflammatory bowel disease patients during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Allocca, Mariangela
AU  - Fiorino, Gionata
AU  - Furfaro, Federica
AU  - Gilardi, Daniela
AU  - Radice, Simona
AU  - D’Amico, Ferdinando
AU  - Zilli, Alessandra
AU  - Danese, Silvio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/J.CGH.2020.04.028
UR  - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1542356520305243
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Special Article: Risk Communication During COVID-19
AU  - Abrams, Elissa M.
AU  - Greenhawt, Matthew
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - During the unprecedented times caused by the novel coronavirus COVID-19, there is rapidly evolving information and guidance. However, a focus must also be on proper and effective risk communication. This is especially the case during pandemics that have high rates of infection, significant morbidity, lack of therapeutic measures, and rapid increases in cases, all of which apply to the current COVID-19 pandemic. A consequence of poor risk communication and heightened risk perception is hoarding behavior, which can lead to lack of medications and personal protective equipment. One potential way to ensure appropriate risk communication is utilizing social media channels, and ensuring an ongoing consistent media presence. Another important step is to include all stakeholders including members of the allergy community in broader public health messaging. As we continue to face unprecedented times in the allergy community, an understanding and appreciation of risk communication will be essential as we communicate with, and inform, our patients, and our colleagues, moving forward.
JO  - The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/J.JAIP.2020.04.012
UR  - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213219820303639
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Datenschutzrechtliche Informationen im Zusammenhang mit der Corona-Pandemie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Datenschutz und Datensicherheit - DuD
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 44
IS  - 5
PG  - 286-286
SP  - 286
EP  - 286
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11623-020-1268-2
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11623-020-1268-2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 4 Co-workers in Germany Contract Coronavirus After Chinese Colleague Visits
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Editorial comment: The number of articles appearing on the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) has been overwhelming, and I will outline some of the findings in the following article. This article has been selected because it makes a number of points: none of them reassuring. BERLIN – 4 people who work at the same company in southern Germany have been infected with the coronavirus, and 1 of them contracted it from a colleague visiting their workplace in China, officials said. The cases raise concerns about the spread of the flu-like virus that broke out in the central Chinese city of Wuhan at the end of last year and has killed 106 people and infected more than 2800 people. It spreads in droplets from coughs and sneezes and has an incubation period of up to 14 days. Among the first cases of person-to-person transmission outside China is that of a 33-year-old man who apparently contracted the virus on 21 January during a training session with a Chinese colleague, the ministry said. The 3 additional patients were being monitored in isolation at a clinic in Munich. German car parts supplier Webasto earlier on Tuesday said an employee at its headquarters in Stockdorf, Bavaria, had become infected following the visit of an employee from China. A day earlier it said the employee from Shanghai tested positive for the virus upon returning to China. The Chinese woman was from Shanghai but her parents, who are from the Wuhan region, had visited her a few days earlier. She had arrived in Germany on 19 January, appearing not to have any symptoms, but began to feel ill on her flight home on 23 January. She sought medical treatment after landing and tested positive for coronavirus.
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 70
IS  - 9
PG  - i-ii
SP  - i
EP  - ii
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa140
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/cid/article/70/9/i/5820124
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A novel presentation of COVID-19 via community acquired infection
AU  - Jansen, Jaclyn H.
AU  - Day, Rachel L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Vis J Emerg Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32289085
DO  - 10.1016/j.visj.2020.100760
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for the emergency physician
AU  - Holland, Michael
AU  - Zaloga, Debra J.
AU  - Friderici, Charles S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Vis J Emerg Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32289084
DO  - 10.1016/j.visj.2020.100740
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Diagnostic imaging findings in COVID-19]
AU  - Plesner, Louis Lind
AU  - Dyrberg, Eva
AU  - Hansen, Ida Vibeke
AU  - Abild, Annemette
AU  - Andersen, Michael Brun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This is a review of diagnostic imaging findings in coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). CT findings are frequently bilateral, multilobar and peripheral ground-glass opacities with vascular enlargements. Consolidations often appear during progression as well as crazy paving and reticulation. Lymphadenopathy, pleural effusions and pneumothorax are rare and should raise concern for other disease. Initially the CT can be normal, and the diagnostic performance for COVID-19 is not optimal. However, findings of characteristic ground-glass opacities during the ongoing epidemic should lead to considerations, that the patient may have COVID-19.
JO  - Ugeskr Laeger
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32286216
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Will the COVID-19 pandemic make us reconsider the relevance of short food supply chains and local productions?
AU  - Cappelli, Alessio
AU  - Cini, Enrico
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Trends Food Sci Technol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32288230
DO  - 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.03.041
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Predicting the impacts of epidemic outbreaks on global supply chains: A simulation-based analysis on the coronavirus outbreak (COVID-19/SARS-CoV-2) case
AU  - Ivanov, Dmitry
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Epidemic outbreaks are a special case of supply chain (SC) risks which is distinctively characterized by a long-term disruption existence, disruption propagations (i.e., the ripple effect), and high uncertainty. We present the results of a simulation study that opens some new research tensions on the impact of COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) on the global SCs. First, we articulate the specific features that frame epidemic outbreaks as a unique type of SC disruption risks. Second, we demonstrate how simulation-based methodology can be used to examine and predict the impacts of epidemic outbreaks on the SC performance using the example of coronavirus COVID-19 and anyLogistix simulation and optimization software. We offer an analysis for observing and predicting both short-term and long-term impacts of epidemic outbreaks on the SCs along with managerial insights. A set of sensitivity experiments for different scenarios allows illustrating the model's behavior and its value for decision-makers. The major observation from the simulation experiments is that the timing of the closing and opening of the facilities at different echelons might become a major factor that determines the epidemic outbreak impact on the SC performance rather than an upstream disruption duration or the speed of epidemic propagation. Other important factors are lead-time, speed of epidemic propagation, and the upstream and downstream disruption durations in the SC. The outcomes of this research can be used by decision-makers to predict the operative and long-term impacts of epidemic outbreaks on the SCs and develop pandemic SC plans. Our approach can also help to identify the successful and wrong elements of risk mitigation/preparedness and recovery policies in case of epidemic outbreaks. The paper is concluded by summarizing the most important insights and outlining future research agenda.
JO  - Transp Res E Logist Transp Rev
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32288597
DO  - 10.1016/j.tre.2020.101922
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The active role of a blood center in outpacing the transfusion transmission of COVID-19
AU  - Raturi, Manish
AU  - Kusum, Anuradha
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Transfus Clin Biol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32284222
DO  - 10.1016/j.tracli.2020.03.004
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Rational Use of Clozapine Based on Adverse Drug Reactions, Pharmacokinetics, and Clinical Pharmacopsychology
AU  - de Leon, Jose
AU  - Ruan, Can-Jun
AU  - Schoretsanitis, Georgios
AU  - De Las Cuevas, Carlos
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Using Richardson and Davidson's model and the sciences of pharmacokinetics and clinical pharmacopsychology, this article reviewed the: (1) poor life expectancy associated with treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS), which may be improved in patients who adhere to clozapine; (2) findings that clozapine is the best treatment for TRS (according to efficacy, effectiveness and well-being); and (3) potential for clozapine to cause vulnerabilities, including potentially lethal adverse drug reactions such as agranulocytosis, pneumonia, and myocarditis. Rational use requires: (1) modification of the clozapine package insert worldwide to include lower doses for Asians and to avoid the lethality associated with pneumonia, (2) the use of clozapine levels for personalizing dosing, and (3) the use of slow and personalized titration. This may make clozapine as safe as possible and contribute to increased life expectancy and well-being. In the absence of data on COVID-19 in clozapine patients, clozapine possibly impairs immunological mechanisms and may increase pneumonia risk in infected patients. Psychiatrists should call their clozapine patients and families and explain to them that if the patient develops fever or flu-like symptoms, the psychiatrist should be called and should consider halving the clozapine dose. If the patient is hospitalized with pneumonia, the treating physician needs to assess for symptoms of clozapine intoxication since halving the dose may not be enough for all patients; consider decreasing it to one-third or even stopping it. Once the signs of inflammation and fever have disappeared, the clozapine dose can be slowly increased to the prior dosage level.
JO  - Psychother Psychosom
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32289791
DO  - 10.1159/000507638
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Recommendations for Performing Bronchoscopy in Times of the COVID-19 Pandemic]
AU  - Darwiche, K.
AU  - Ross, B.
AU  - Gesierich, W.
AU  - Petermann, C.
AU  - Huebner, R. H.
AU  - Grah, C.
AU  - Gompelmann, D.
AU  - Hetzel, J.
AU  - Holland, A.
AU  - Eisenmann, S.
AU  - Stanzel, F.
AU  - Kempa, A.
AU  - Conrad, K.
AU  - Eberhardt, R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19, caused by coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is a new and ongoing infectious disease affecting healthcare systems worldwide. Healthcare worker are at high risk for COIVD-19 and many have been infected or even died in countries severely affected by COVID-19 like China or Italy. Bronchoscopy causes cough and aerosol production and has to be considered a significant risk for the staff to get infected. Particular recommendations should guide to prevent spreading COVID-19 and to protect healthcare worker when performing a bronchoscopy.
JO  - Pneumologie
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32289832
DO  - 10.1055/a-1154-1814
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Disease 2019 Treatment: A Review of Early and Emerging Options
AU  - McCreary, Erin K.
AU  - Pogue, Jason M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the cause of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has spread across the globe resulting in a pandemic. At the time of this review, COVID-19 has been diagnosed in more than 200 000 patients and associated with over 8000 deaths (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, World Health Organization). On behalf of the Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists, we herein summarize the current evidence as of March 18, 2020 to provide guidance on potential COVID-19 treatment options. It is important to caution readers that new data emerges daily regarding clinical characteristics, treatment options, and outcomes for COVID-19. Optimized supportive care remains the mainstay of therapy, and the clinical efficacy for the subsequent agents is still under investigation. Antimicrobial stewardship programs, including infectious diseases pharmacists and physicians, are at the forefront of COVID-19 emergency preparedness. We encourage all readers to continue to assess clinical data as it emerges and share their experience within our community in a well-controlled, adequately powered fashion.
JO  - Open Forum Infect Dis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32284951
DO  - 10.1093/ofid/ofaa105
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Emergency Colorectal Surgery in a COVID-19 Pandemic Epicenter
AU  - Angelos, George
AU  - Dockter, Andrew Grayson
AU  - Gachabayov, Mahir
AU  - Latifi, Rifat
AU  - Bergamaschi, Roberto
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a considerable risk during emergency colorectal surgery in a pandemic epicenter. It is well known that the primary route of SARS-CoV-2 transmission is through respiratory droplets. However, little is known about shedding of the virus in bodily fluids and associated risks. Although the current moratorium on elective surgery addresses multiple ongoing concerns, including the management of precious resources as well as unknown exposure risks, surgeons undeniably must face and mitigate risks related to exposure to patient airway management-related aerosols, bodily fluids, surgical smoke, contaminated insufflation, and specimen handling in emergency colorectal surgery. Given the significant concern of airborne transmission, the authors recommend conventional, in lieu of laparoscopic, access in emergency colorectal surgery in a COVID-19 pandemic epicenter.
JO  - Surg Technol Int
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32289868
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Pandemic Calls for an Immediate Social Work Response
AU  - Walter-McCabe, Heather A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Soc Work Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32286936
DO  - 10.1080/19371918.2020.1751533
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - African nations step up efforts to prevent spread of coronavirus
AU  - MacKenzie, Debora
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - New Sci
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32287795
DO  - 10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30280-3
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Race to get ready
AU  - Le Page, Michael
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As the coronavirus spreads in countries other than China, no nation is fully prepared for a pandemic, reports Michael Le Page.
JO  - New Sci
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32287793
DO  - 10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30279-7
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Best we be prepared
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Fast action will help the world contain the new coronavirus.
JO  - New Sci
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32287785
DO  - 10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30185-8
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical Trials during the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic
AU  - Warnock, David G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nephron
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32289798
DO  - 10.1159/000507582
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - People power: How India is attempting to slow the coronavirus
AU  - Vaidyanathan, Gayathri
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32286539
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-01058-5
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Working in isolation to find a cure for COVID-19
AU  - Mallapaty, Smriti
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32286552
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-01026-z
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus: a veterinary perspective
AU  - da Hora, Aline Santana
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32286554
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-01077-2
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel 2019 coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19): an overview for emergency clinicians
AU  - Giwa, A. L.
AU  - Desai, Akash
AU  - Duca, Andrea
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, and its infection, COVID-19, has quickly become a worldwide threat to health, travel, and commerce. It is essential for emergency clinicians to learn as much as possible about this pandemic to manage the unprecedented burdens on healthcare providers and hospital systems. This review analyzes information from worldwide research and experience on the epidemiology, prevention, and treatment of COVID-19, and offers links to the most reliable and trustworthy resources to help equip healthcare professionals in managing this public health challenge. As the pandemic sweeps the United States, lessons learned from early centers of infection, notably New York and Northern Italy, can help localities to prepare.
JO  - Pediatr Emerg Med Pract
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32286766
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - We have to write and share valid and reliable information on COVID-19
AU  - Liew, Su May
AU  - Khoo, Ee Ming
AU  - Cheah, Wee Kooi
AU  - Goh, Pik Pin
AU  - Ibrahim, Hishamshah M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Malays Fam Physician
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32284797
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How should front-line general practitioners use personal protective equipment (PPE)?
AU  - Ambigapathy, S.
AU  - Rajahram, G. S.
AU  - Shamsudin, U. K.
AU  - Khoo, E. M.
AU  - Cheah, W. K.
AU  - Peariasamy, K. M.
AU  - Goh, P. P.
AU  - Khor, S. K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 outbreak continues to evolve with the number of cases increasing in Malaysia, placing a significant burden on general practitioners (GPs) to assess and manage suspected cases. GPs must be well equipped with knowledge to set up their clinics, use Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) appropriately, adopt standard protocols on triaging and referrals, as well as educate patients about PPE. The correct use of PPE will help GPs balance between personal safety and appropriate levels of public concern.
JO  - Malays Fam Physician
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32284798
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Breadth of concomitant immune responses prior to patient recovery: a case report of non-severe COVID-19
AU  - Thevarajan, Irani
AU  - Nguyen, Thi H. O.
AU  - Koutsakos, Marios
AU  - Druce, Julian
AU  - Caly, Leon
AU  - van de Sandt, Carolien E.
AU  - Jia, Xiaoxiao
AU  - Nicholson, Suellen
AU  - Catton, Mike
AU  - Cowie, Benjamin
AU  - Tong, Steven Y. C.
AU  - Lewin, Sharon R.
AU  - Kedzierska, Katherine
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nat Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32284614
DO  - 10.1038/s41591-020-0819-2
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Drug Evaluation during the Covid-19 Pandemic
AU  - Rome, Benjamin N.
AU  - Avorn, Jerry
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - N Engl J Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32289216
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMp2009457
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Kidney International and the COVID-19 infection
AU  - Rovin, Brad H.
AU  - Ronco, Pierre
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Kidney Int
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32284224
DO  - 10.1016/j.kint.2020.03.010
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Case for Participatory Disease Surveillance of the COVID-19 Pandemic in India
AU  - Garg, Suneela
AU  - Bhatnagar, Nidhi
AU  - Gangadharan, Navya, Jr.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - UNSTRUCTURED: The coronavirus disease pandemic requires the deployment of novel surveillance strategies to curtail further spread of the disease in the community. Participatory disease surveillance mechanisms have already been adopted in countries for the current pandemic. India, with scarce resources, good telecom support, and a not so robust heath care system, makes a strong case for introducing participatory disease surveillance for the prevention and control of the pandemic. India has just launched Aarogya Setu, which is a first of its kind participatory disease surveillance initiative in India. This will supplement the existing Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme in India by finding missing cases and having faster aggregation, analysis of data, and prompt response measures. This newly created platform empowers communities with the right information and guidance, enabling protection from infection and reducing unnecessary contact with the overburdened health care system. However, caution needs to be exercised to address participation from digitally isolated populations, ensure the reliability of data, and consider ethical concerns such as maintaining individual privacy.
JO  - JMIR Public Health Surveill
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32287038
DO  - 10.2196/18795
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Doing the right thing for the right reason when treating ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms in the COVID-19 era
AU  - Verikokos, Christos
AU  - Lazaris, Andreas M.
AU  - Geroulakos, George
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Vasc Surg
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32289438
DO  - 10.1016/j.jvs.2020.04.009
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - CIRD-F: Spread and Influence of COVID-19 in China
AU  - Zhou, Lingyun
AU  - Wu, Kaiwei
AU  - Liu, Hanzhi
AU  - Gao, Yuanning
AU  - Gao, Xiaofeng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been spreading rapidly in China and the Chinese government took a series of policies to control the epidemic. Therefore, it will be helpful to predict the tendency of the epidemic and analyze the influence of official policies. Existing models for prediction, such as cabin models and individual-based models, are either oversimplified or too meticulous, and the influence of the epidemic was studied much more than that of official policies. To predict the epidemic tendency, we consider four groups of people, and establish a propagation dynamics model. We also create a negative feedback to quantify the public vigilance to the epidemic. We evaluate the tendency of epidemic in Hubei and China except Hubei separately to predict the situation of the whole country. Experiments show that the epidemic will terminate around 17 March 2020 and the final number of cumulative infections will be about 78 191 (prediction interval, 74 872 to 82 474). By changing the parameters of the model accordingly, we demonstrate the control effect of the policies of the government on the epidemic situation, which can reduce about 68% possible infections. At the same time, we use the capital asset pricing model with dummy variable to evaluate the effects of the epidemic and official policies on the revenue of multiple industries.
JO  - J Shanghai Jiaotong Univ Sci
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32288416
DO  - 10.1007/s12204-020-2168-1
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - D(2)EA: Depict the Epidemic Picture of COVID-19
AU  - Liu, Chenzhengyi
AU  - Zhao, Jingwei
AU  - Liu, Guohang
AU  - Gao, Yuanning
AU  - Gao, Xiaofeng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has aroused a global alert. To release social panic and guide future schedules, this article proposes a novel mathematical model, the Delay Differential Epidemic Analyzer (D(2)EA), to analyze the dynamics of epidemic and forecast its future trends. Based on the traditional Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Recovered (SEIR) model, the D(2)EA model innovatively introduces a set of quarantine states and applies both ordinary differential equations and delay differential equations to describe the transition between two states. Potential variations of practical factors are further considered to reveal the true epidemic picture. In the experiment part, we use the D(2)EA model to simulate the epidemic in Hubei Province. Fitting to the collected real data as non-linear optimization, the D(2)EA model forecasts that the accumulated confirmed infected cases in Hubei Province will reach the peak at the end of February and then steady down. We also evaluate the effectiveness of the quarantine measures and schedule the date to reopen Hubei Province.
JO  - J Shanghai Jiaotong Univ Sci
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32288418
DO  - 10.1007/s12204-020-2170-7
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preliminary Assessment of the COVID-19 Outbreak Using 3-Staged Model e-ISHR
AU  - Li, Sijia
AU  - Song, Kun
AU  - Yang, Boran
AU  - Gao, Yucen
AU  - Gao, Xiaofeng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan has aroused widespread concern and attention from all over the world. Many articles have predicted the development of the epidemic. Most of them only use very basic SEIR model without considering the real situation. In this paper, we build a model called e-ISHR model based on SEIR model. Then we add hospital system and time delay system into the original model to simulate the spread of COVID-19 better. Besides, in order to take the government's control and people's awareness into consideration, we change our e-ISHR model into a 3-staged model which effectively shows the impact of these factors on the spread of the disease. By using this e-ISHR model, we fit and predict the number of confirmed cases in Wuhan and China except Hubei. We also change some of parameters in our model. The results indicate the importance of isolation and increasing the number of beds in hospital.
JO  - J Shanghai Jiaotong Univ Sci
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32288417
DO  - 10.1007/s12204-020-2169-0
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prediction of COVID-19 Outbreak in China and Optimal Return Date for University Students Based on Propagation Dynamics
AU  - Huang, Ganyu
AU  - Pan, Qiaoyi
AU  - Zhao, Shuangying
AU  - Gao, Yucen
AU  - Gao, Xiaofeng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - On 12 December 2019, a novel coronavirus disease, named COVID-19, began to spread around the world from Wuhan, China. It is useful and urgent to consider the future trend of this outbreak. We establish the 4+1 penta-group model to predict the development of the COVID-19 outbreak. In this model, we use the collected data to calibrate the parameters, and let the recovery rate and mortality change according to the actual situation. Furthermore, we propose the BAT model, which is composed of three parts: simulation of the return rush (Back), analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method, and technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS) method, to figure out the best return date for university students. We also discuss the impacts of some factors that may occur in the future, such as secondary infection, emergence of effective drugs, and population flow from Korea to China.
JO  - J Shanghai Jiaotong Univ Sci
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32288415
DO  - 10.1007/s12204-020-2167-2
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Demand Analysis and Management Suggestion: Sharing Epidemiological Data Among Medical Institutions in Megacities for Epidemic Prevention and Control
AU  - Cai, Qinyi
AU  - Mi, Yiqun
AU  - Chu, Zhaowu
AU  - Zheng, Yuanyi
AU  - Chen, Fang
AU  - Liu, Yicheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - During the prevention of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), epidemiological data is essential for controlling the source of infection, cutting off the route of transmission, and protecting vulnerable populations. Following Law of the People's Republic of China on Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Diseases and other related regulations, medical institutions have been authorized to collect the detailed information of patients, while it is still a formidable task in megacities because of the significant patient mobility and the existing information sharing barrier. As a smart city which strengthens precise epidemic prevention and control, Shanghai has established a multi-department platform named "one-net management" on dynamic information monitoring. By sharing epidemiological data with medical institutions under a safe environment, we believe that the ability to prevent and control epidemics among medical institutions will be effectively and comprehensively improved.
JO  - J Shanghai Jiaotong Univ Sci
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32288414
DO  - 10.1007/s12204-020-2166-3
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: Driving while looking in the rear-view mirror
AU  - Ashton, John
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J R Soc Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32286121
DO  - 10.1177/0141076820918485
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: fail to prepare, prepare to fail
AU  - Abbasi, Kamran
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J R Soc Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32286118
DO  - 10.1177/0141076820918796
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 CRISIS: we must care for ourselves as we care for others
AU  - Sutton, Aaron
AU  - Skolnik, Neil
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Fam Pract
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32289124
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cloud-Based System for Effective Surveillance and Control of COVID-19: Useful Experiences From Hubei, China
AU  - Gong, Mengchun
AU  - Li, Liu
AU  - Xin, Sun
AU  - Yue, Yang
AU  - Wang, Shuang
AU  - Hong, Zhu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - UNSTRUCTURED: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has been an unprecedented challenge to the global health care system. Tools that can improve the focus of surveillance efforts and clinical decision support are of paramount importance. To illustrate how new medical informatics technologies will enable effective control of the pandemic, the Honghu Hybrid System (HHS) for COVID-19 was developed and successfully deployed within 72 hours in the city of Honghu in Hubei, China. The HHS was designed for the collection, integration, standardization, and analysis of COVID-19-related data from multiple sources, which includes a case reporting system, diagnostic labs, electronic medical records, and social media on mobile devices. HHS supports four main features: syndromic surveillance on mobile devices, policy-making decision support, clinical decision support and prioritization of resources, and follow-up of discharged patients. The syndromic surveillance component in HHS covered over 95% of the population of over 900,000 people and provided near real time evidence for the control of epidemic emergencies. The clinical decision support component in HHS was also provided to improve patient care and prioritize the limited medical resources. However, the statistical methods still require further evaluations to confirm clinical effectiveness and appropriateness of disposition assigned in this study, which warrants further investigation. The facilitating factors and challenges are discussed to provide useful insights to other cities to build suitable solutions based on cloud technologies. The HHS for COVID-19 was shown to be feasible and effective in this real-world field study, and has the potential to be migrated.
JO  - J Med Internet Res
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32287040
DO  - 10.2196/18948
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Top concerns of tweeters during the COVID-19 pandemic: A surveillance study
AU  - Abd-Alrazaq, Alaa
AU  - Alhuwail, Dari
AU  - Househ, Mowafa
AU  - Hamdi, Mounir
AU  - Shah, Zubair
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: The recent COVID-19 pandemic is taking a toll on the world's healthcare infrastructure as well as the social, economic, and psychological wellbeing of humanity. Individuals, organizations and governments are using social media to communicate with each other on a number of issues relating to the COVID-19 pandemic. Not much is known about the topics being shared on social media platforms relating to COVID-19. Analyzing such information can help policy makers and healthcare organizations assess the needs of their stakeholders and address them appropriately. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to identify the main topics posted by Twitter users related to the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: Leveraging a set of tools (Twitter's search Application Programming Interface, Tweepy Python library, and PostgreSQL database) and using a set of pre-defined search terms (corona, 2019-nCov, and COVID-19), we extracted the text and metadata (number of likes and retweets, and user profile information including the number of followers) of public English language tweets from February 2, 2020 up to March 15, 2020. We analyzed the collected tweets using word frequencies of single (unigrams) and double words (bigrams). We leveraged Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) for topic modeling to identify topics discussed in the tweets. We also performed sentiment analysis and extracted the mean number of retweets, likes, and followers for each topic and calculated the interaction rate per topic. RESULTS: Out of approximately 2.8 million tweets included, 167,073 unique tweets from 160,829 unique users met the inclusion criteria. Our analysis identified twelve topics which were grouped into four main themes: (i) Origin of the virus, (ii) its sources, (iii) its impact on people, countries, and the economy, and (iv) ways of mitigating the risk of infection. The mean sentiment was positive for ten topics and negative for two topics (deaths caused by COVID-19 and increased racism). The mean for tweet topics of account followers ranged from 2,722 (increased racism) to 13,413 (economic losses). The highest mean of likes for the tweets was 15.4 (economic loss) while the lowest was 3.94 (travel bans and warnings). CONCLUSIONS: Public health crisis response activities on the ground and online are becoming increasingly simultaneous and intertwined. Social media provides an opportunity to directly communicate health information to the public. Health systems should work on building national and international disease detection and surveillance systems through monitoring social media. There is also a need for a more proactive and agile public health presence on social media to combat the spread of fake news. CLINICALTRIAL:
JO  - J Med Internet Res
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32287039
DO  - 10.2196/19016
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Baffling Case of Ischemic Stroke Disappearance from the Casualty Department in the COVID-19 Era
AU  - Morelli, Nicola
AU  - Rota, Eugenia
AU  - Terracciano, Chiara
AU  - Immovilli, Paolo
AU  - Spallazzi, Marco
AU  - Colombi, Davide
AU  - Zaino, Domenica
AU  - Michieletti, Emanuele
AU  - Guidetti, Donata
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Eur Neurol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32289789
DO  - 10.1159/000507666
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Breast Cancer Diagnosis, Treatment and Follow-Up During COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Soran, Atilla
AU  - Gimbel, Michael
AU  - Diego, Emilia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Eur J Breast Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32285027
DO  - 10.5152/ejbh.2020.240320
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Lung Changes on Chest CT During 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pneumonia
AU  - Cinkooglu, Akin
AU  - Bayraktaroglu, Selen
AU  - Savas, Recep
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Eur J Breast Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32285028
DO  - 10.5152/ejbh.2020.010420
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Sars-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Outbreak and Breast Cancer Surgery in Turkey
AU  - Cakmak, Guldeniz Karadeniz
AU  - Ozmen, Vahit
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Eur J Breast Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32285026
DO  - 10.5152/ejbh.2020.300320
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Reflections arising from the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Raurell-Torreda, M.
AU  - Martinez-Estalella, G.
AU  - Frade-Mera, M. J.
AU  - Carrasco Rodriguez-Rey, L. F.
AU  - Romero de San Pio, E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - While we were drafting the recommendations for the joint contingency plan between the Spanish Society of Intensive Care and Coronary Unit Nursing (SEEIUC) and the Spanish Society of Intensive and Critical Care Medicine and Coronary Units (SEMICYUC), predictions were overtaken by events with regard to the magnitude of the COVID-19 pandemic. Members informed us of the lack of personal protection equipment (PPE), the rapid provision of improvised ICUs in various hospital areas and the recruitment of nurses to cover shifts. The failure to recognise the specialty of critical care nursing, included in the macro-specialty of medical-surgical nursing and not yet developed, has highlighted the urgent need to learn from our mistakes: specialisation, increase the number of nurses in teams and protect the public health system.
JO  - Enferm Intensiva
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32284182
DO  - 10.1016/j.enfi.2020.03.002
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Hematologic, biochemical and immune biomarker abnormalities associated with severe illness and mortality in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a meta-analysis
AU  - Henry, Brandon Michael
AU  - de Oliveira, Maria Helena Santos
AU  - Benoit, Stefanie
AU  - Plebani, Mario
AU  - Lippi, Giuseppe
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background As coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic rages on, there is urgent need for identification of clinical and laboratory predictors for progression towards severe and fatal forms of this illness. In this study we aimed to evaluate the discriminative ability of hematologic, biochemical and immunologic biomarkers in patients with and without the severe or fatal forms of COVID-19. Methods An electronic search in Medline (PubMed interface), Scopus, Web of Science and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) was performed, to identify studies reporting on laboratory abnormalities in patients with COVID-19. Studies were divided into two separate cohorts for analysis: severity (severe vs. non-severe and mortality, i.e. non-survivors vs. survivors). Data was pooled into a meta-analysis to estimate weighted mean difference (WMD) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for each laboratory parameter. Results A total number of 21 studies was included, totaling 3377 patients and 33 laboratory parameters. While 18 studies (n = 2984) compared laboratory findings between patients with severe and non-severe COVID-19, the other three (n = 393) compared survivors and non-survivors of the disease and were thus analyzed separately. Patients with severe and fatal disease had significantly increased white blood cell (WBC) count, and decreased lymphocyte and platelet counts compared to non-severe disease and survivors. Biomarkers of inflammation, cardiac and muscle injury, liver and kidney function and coagulation measures were also significantly elevated in patients with both severe and fatal COVID-19. Interleukins 6 (IL-6) and 10 (IL-10) and serum ferritin were strong discriminators for severe disease. Conclusions Several biomarkers which may potentially aid in risk stratification models for predicting severe and fatal COVID-19 were identified. In hospitalized patients with respiratory distress, we recommend clinicians closely monitor WBC count, lymphocyte count, platelet count, IL-6 and serum ferritin as markers for potential progression to critical illness.
JO  - Clin Chem Lab Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32286245
DO  - 10.1515/cclm-2020-0369
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Imaging Findings in Four COVID-19 Patients
AU  - Kerpel, Ariel
AU  - Nissan, Noam
AU  - Klug, Maximiliano
AU  - Amit, Sharon
AU  - Konen, Eli
AU  - Marom, Edith M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Isr Med Assoc J
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32286021
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Serological Assays for SARS-CoV-2 Infectious Disease: Benefits, Limitations and Perspectives
AU  - Infantino, Maria
AU  - Damiani, Arianna
AU  - Gobbi, Francesca Li
AU  - Grossi, Valentina
AU  - Lari, Barbara
AU  - Macchia, Donatella
AU  - Casprini, Patrizia
AU  - Veneziani, Francesca
AU  - Villalta, Danilo
AU  - Bizzaro, Nicola
AU  - Cappelletti, Piero
AU  - Fabris, Martina
AU  - Quartuccio, Luca
AU  - Benucci, Maurizio
AU  - Manfredi, Mariangela
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Isr Med Assoc J
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32286019
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Coronavirus Pandemic in Israel: Implications for Radiation Oncology Departments
AU  - Appel, Sarit
AU  - Kaidar-Person, Orit
AU  - Lawrence, Yaacov Richard
AU  - Ben-Ayun, Maoz
AU  - Katzman, Tamar
AU  - Bar, Jair
AU  - Mansano, Anat
AU  - Symon, Zvi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Isr Med Assoc J
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32286020
DO  - 
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NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Coming Coronavirus Crisis: What Can We Learn?
AU  - Lucchese, Matteo
AU  - Pianta, Mario
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The coronavirus pandemic is bringing with it the prospect of severe financial and economic crises. The article investigates its economic consequences in terms of financial instability, economic recession, lower incomes and policy challenges at the national and European levels. What are some of the lessons that can be learned? This article argues that health is a global public good. Public health and welfare systems are crucial alternatives to the market and universal public health is a key element of an egalitarian policy.
JO  - Inter Econ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32287365
DO  - 10.1007/s10272-020-0878-0
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - From the handling of an outbreak by an unknown pathogen in Wuhan to the preparedness and response in the face of the emergence of Covid-19 in Mexico
AU  - Lopez-Ortiz, Eduardo
AU  - Lopez-Ortiz, Geovani
AU  - Mendiola-Pastrana, Indira R.
AU  - Mazon-Ramirez, Juan J.
AU  - Diaz-Quinonez, Jose A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - On December 31, 2019, the Chinese health authorities informed the international community, through the mechanisms established by the World Health Organization (WHO), of a pneumonia epidemic of unknown etiology in Wuhan, Hubei Province. The first cases were reported early in that month and were linked to a history of having visited a market where food and live animals are sold. On January 7, 2020, isolation and identification of the culprit pathogen was achieved using next-generation sequencing, while the number of affected subjects continued to rise. The publication of full-genomes of the newly identified coronavirus (initially called 2019-nCoV, now called SARS-CoV2) in public and private databases, of standardized diagnostic protocols and of the clinical-epidemiological information generated will allow addressing the Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC), declared on January 30 by the WHO. With this document, we intend to contribute to the characterization of the pneumonia epidemic, now designated coronavirus disease (Covid-19) review the strengths Mexico has in the global health concert and invite health professionals to join the preparedness and response activities in the face of this emergency.
JO  - Gac Med Mex
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32285862
DO  - 10.24875/GMM.M20000346
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Emergence of novel coronavirus SARS-CoV2 in China and the response in Mexico
AU  - Diaz-Quinonez, Jose A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Gac Med Mex
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32285857
DO  - 10.24875/GMM.M20000345
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19, Arrhythmic Risk and Inflammation: Mind the Gap!
AU  - Lazzerini, Pietro Enea
AU  - Boutjdir, Mohamed
AU  - Capecchi, Pier Leopoldo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Circulation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32286863
DO  - 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.047293
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Keratoconjunctivitis as the initial medical presentation of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
AU  - Cheema, Marvi
AU  - Aghazadeh, Helya
AU  - Nazarali, Samir
AU  - Ting, Andrew
AU  - Hodges, Jennifer
AU  - McFarlane, Alexandra
AU  - Kanji, Jamil N.
AU  - Zelyas, Nathan
AU  - Damji, Karim F.
AU  - Solarte, Carlos
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We present a case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with an initial medical presentation of keratoconjunctivitis, the first such reported case in North America. The patient's primary symptom was a red eye with watery discharge, though she did have mild respiratory symptoms, without fever. She was diagnosed with keratoconjunctivitis; evolving corneal findings were characterized through repeat visits to ophthalmology. A conjunctival swab of the affected eye was positive for the SAR-CoV-2 virus. This case emphasizes the importance of ensuring that first-line health care providers, including ophthalmologists, optometrists, emergency physicians, and family physicians, consider COVID-19 on the differential for any patient with recent travel who presents with acute conjunctivitis. Having a high index of suspicion with this presentation would allow for appropriate precautions to be taken to prevent further spread of COVID-19.
JO  - Can J Ophthalmol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32284146
DO  - 10.1016/j.jcjo.2020.03.003
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Pandemic: Experiences in China and implications for its prevention and treatment worldwide
AU  - Liu, Ning-Ning
AU  - Tan, Jing-Cong
AU  - Li, Jingquan
AU  - Li, Shenghui
AU  - Cai, Yong
AU  - Wang, Hui
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of COVID-19 due to SARS-CoV-2 originally emerged in Wuhan in December, 2019. As of March 22, 2020, the disease had spread to 186 countries, with at least 305,275 confirmed cases. Although there has been a decline in the spread of the disease in China, the prevalence of COVID-19 around the world remains serious despite containment efforts undertaken by national authorities and the international community. In this article, we systematically review the brief history of COVID-19 and its epidemic and clinical characteristics, highlighting the strategies used to control and prevent the disease in China, which may help other countries respond to the outbreak. This pandemic emphasizes the need to be constantly alert to shifts in both the global dynamics and the contexts of individual countries, making sure that all are aware of which approaches are successful for the prevention, containment and treatment of new diseases, and being flexible enough to adapt the responses accordingly.
JO  - Curr Cancer Drug Targets
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32286947
DO  - 10.2174/1568009620666200414151419
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Perspective on the COVID-19 Coronavirus Outbreak
AU  - Lushington, Gerald H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Comb Chem High Throughput Screen
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32284037
DO  - 10.2174/138620732302200406130010
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Coronavirus and primary care]
AU  - Llor, Carles
AU  - Moragas, Ana
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Aten Primaria
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32284192
DO  - 10.1016/j.aprim.2020.03.002
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Emergency Open-source Three-dimensional Printable Ventilator Circuit Splitter and Flow Regulator during the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Lai, Bryan
AU  - Erian, Jennifer
AU  - Pew, Scott
AU  - Eckmann, Maxim S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Anesthesiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32287047
DO  - 10.1097/ALN.0000000000003332
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Role of mask/respirator protection against SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Smereka, Jacek
AU  - Ruetzler, Kurt
AU  - Szarpak, Lukasz
AU  - Filipiak, Krzysztof Jerzy
AU  - Jaguszewski, Milosz
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Anesth Analg
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32287141
DO  - 10.1213/ANE.0000000000004873
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pediatric Airway Management in COVID-19 patients - Consensus Guidelines from the Society for Pediatric Anesthesia's Pediatric Difficult Intubation Collaborative and the Canadian Pediatric Anesthesia Society
AU  - Matava, Clyde T.
AU  - Kovatsis, Pete G.
AU  - Summers, Jennifer Lee
AU  - Castro, Pilar
AU  - Denning, Simon
AU  - Yu, Julie
AU  - Lockman, Justin L.
AU  - Von Ungern-Sternberg, Britta
AU  - Sabato, Stefano
AU  - Lee, Lisa K.
AU  - Ayad, Ihab
AU  - Mireles, Sam
AU  - Lardner, David
AU  - Whyte, Simon
AU  - Szolnoki, Judit
AU  - Jagannathan, Narasimhan
AU  - Thompson, Nicole
AU  - Stein, Mary Lyn
AU  - Dalesio, Nicholas
AU  - Greenberg, Robert
AU  - McCloskey, John
AU  - Peyton, James
AU  - Evans, Faye
AU  - Haydar, Bishr
AU  - Reynolds, Paul
AU  - Chiao, Franklin
AU  - Taicher, Brad
AU  - Templeton, Thomas
AU  - Bhalla, Tarun
AU  - Raman, Vidya T.
AU  - Garcia-Marcinkiewicz, Annery
AU  - Galvez, Jorge
AU  - Tan, Jonathan
AU  - Rehman, Mohamed
AU  - Crockett, Christy
AU  - Olomu, Patrick
AU  - Szmuk, Peter
AU  - Glover, Chris
AU  - Matuszczak, Maria
AU  - Galvez, Ignacio
AU  - Hunyady, Agnes
AU  - Polaner, David
AU  - Gooden, Cheryl
AU  - Hsu, Grace
AU  - Gumaney, Harshad
AU  - Perez-Pradilla, Caroline
AU  - Kiss, Edgar E.
AU  - Theroux, Mary C.
AU  - Lau, Jennifer
AU  - Asaf, Saeedah
AU  - Ingelmo, Pablo
AU  - Engelhardt, Thomas
AU  - Hervias, Monica
AU  - Greenwood, Eric
AU  - Javia, Luv
AU  - Disma, Nicola
AU  - Yaster, Myron
AU  - Fiadjoe, John E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (COVID-19) pandemic has challenged medical systems and clinicians globally to unforeseen levels. COVID-19's rapid spread has forced clinicians to care for patients with a highly contagious disease without evidence-based guidelines. Using a virtual modified nominal group technique, the Pediatric Difficult Intubation Collaborative (PeDI-C), which currently includes 35 hospitals from six countries, generated consensus guidelines on airway management in pediatric anesthesia based on expert opinion and early data about the disease. The PeDI-C identified overarching goals during care, including minimizing aerosolized respiratory secretions, minimizing the number of clinicians in contact with a patient, and recognizing that undiagnosed asymptomatic patients may shed the virus and infect healthcare workers. Recommendations include administering anxiolytic medications, intravenous anesthetic inductions, tracheal intubation using video laryngoscopes and cuffed tracheal tubes, use of in-line suction catheters, and modifying workflow to recover patients from anesthesia in the operating room. Importantly, the PeDI-C recommends that anesthesiologists consider using appropriate personal protective equipment when performing aerosol-generating medical procedures in asymptomatic children, in addition to known or suspected children with COVID-19. Airway procedures should be done in negative pressure rooms when available. Adequate time should be allowed for operating room cleaning and air filtration between surgical cases. Research using rigorous study designs is urgently needed to inform safe practices during the COVID-19 pandemic. Until further information is available, the PeDI-C advises that clinicians consider these guidelines to enhance the safety of health care workers during airway management when performing aerosol-generating medical procedures. These guidelines have been endorsed by the Society for Pediatric Anesthesia and the Canadian Pediatric Anesthesia Society.
JO  - Anesth Analg
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32287142
DO  - 10.1213/ANE.0000000000004872
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Improved Prognosis in Cystic Fibrosis: Consideration for Intensive Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Ramos, Kathleen J.
AU  - Pilewski, Joseph M.
AU  - Faro, Albert
AU  - Marshall, Bruce C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Am J Respir Crit Care Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32289235
DO  - 10.1164/rccm.202004-0999LE
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Reply to "Chest CT Findings and Clinical Conditions of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)"
AU  - Zhong, Zheng
AU  - Zhao, Wei
AU  - Liu, Jun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - AJR Am J Roentgenol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32286873
DO  - 10.2214/AJR.20.23289
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - CT Findings of Pregnant Women With Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Pneumonia
AU  - Moradi, Behnaz
AU  - Kazemi, Mohammad Ali
AU  - Gity, Masoumeh
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - AJR Am J Roentgenol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32286871
DO  - 10.2214/AJR.20.23212
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - CT Is Not a Screening Tool for Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Pneumonia
AU  - Erturk, Sukru Mehmet
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - AJR Am J Roentgenol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32286875
DO  - 10.2214/AJR.20.23220
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Contracting HIV or Contracting SAR-CoV-2 (COVID- 19) in Pregnancy? Balancing the Risks and Benefits
AU  - Joseph Davey, Dvora
AU  - Bekker, Linda-Gail
AU  - Coates, Thomas J.
AU  - Myer, Landon
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - AIDS Behav
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32285221
DO  - 10.1007/s10461-020-02861-x
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) and Central Nervous System Complications: What Neurologist Need to Know
AU  - Paybast, Sepideh
AU  - Emami, Ali
AU  - Koosha, Mohsen
AU  - Baghalha, Fatemeh
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus (Covid-19) is a family of large enveloped non-segmented positive-sense RNA viruses which has been considered as a global health concern as it has a very high transmissibility potential. Regarding to the similarity of the virus to SARS-CoV, it is postulated that the Covid-19 accumulates mainly in the nasal epithelia and lower respiratory airways. However, there is evidence suggesting the Covid-19 neurotropism which might contribute to respiratory failure. Here in we aim to review the central nervous system complications of the Covid-19 CoV since the emergence of the virus. Keywords: Novel Coronavirus, Covid19-Cov, CNS Complication, Nervous System.
JO  - Acta Neurol Taiwan
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32285431
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Caution Warranted: Using the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation Model for Predicting the Course of the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Jewell, Nicholas P.
AU  - Lewnard, Joseph A.
AU  - Jewell, Britta L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Ann Intern Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32289150
DO  - 10.7326/M20-1565
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Five Questions for Residency Leadership in the Time of COVID-19: Reflections of Chief Medical Residents From an Internal Medicine Program
AU  - Rakowsky, Shana
AU  - Flashner, Bess M.
AU  - Doolin, Jim
AU  - Reese, Zachary
AU  - Shpilsky, Jason
AU  - Yang, Shu
AU  - Smith, C. Christopher
AU  - Graham, Kelly
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 pandemic has drastically affected the traditional methods residency programs use to train their residents. Chief residents serve a unique role as part of the residency leadership to foster the education and development of the residents. Given the rapid shift in demands on physicians in the face of the pandemic, the responsibilities of the chief residents have also shifted to help prepare the residents to meet these demands as front-line providers. There is not a precedent for how residency programs respond to this crisis while maintaining their primary role to develop and train physicians. The authors have identified 5 questions chief residents can ask to guide their program's response to the demands of COVID-19 during this uncertain time in health care.
JO  - Acad Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32287083
DO  - 10.1097/ACM.0000000000003419
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: Financial Stress Test for Academic Medical Centers
AU  - Colenda, Christopher C.
AU  - Applegate, William B.
AU  - Reifler, Burton V.
AU  - Blazer, Dan G., 2nd
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) is having profound effects on the lives and well-being of the world's population. All levels of the nation's public health and health care delivery systems are rapidly adjusting to secure the health infrastructure to manage the pandemic in the United States. As the nation's safety net health care systems, academic medical centers (AMCs) are vital clinical and academic resources in managing the pandemic. COVID-19 may also risk the financial underpinnings of AMCs because their cost structures are high, and they may have incurred large amounts of debt over the last decade as they expanded their clinical operations and facilities. This Invited Commentary reviews existing data on AMC debt levels; summarizes relief provided in the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act; and suggests policy options to help mitigate risk.
JO  - Acad Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32287082
DO  - 10.1097/ACM.0000000000003418
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pick of the coronavirus papers: Ski buffs helped to seed coronavirus in Iceland
AU  - Nature
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Holidaymakers returning from ski trips to the Alps helped to bring the coronavirus to Iceland. In late January, Kari Stefansson at deCODE Genetics-Amgen in Reykjavik and his colleagues began testing for SARS-CoV-2 among Iceland residents at high risk of exposure to the virus, such as travellers to China (D. F. Gudbjartsson et al. N. Engl. J. Med. http://doi.org/ggr6wx; 2020). Some 13% of the 9,199 people tested by early April were infected. The team sequenced viral RNA from people who tested positive and found that some of the strains had probably originated in Austria or Italy, which both have Alpine ski resorts.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00502-w
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00502-w
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus latest: global infections pass two million
AU  - Nature
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The number of reported COVID-19 cases worldwide has passed two million, according to data compiled by researchers at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland. The milestone comes just two weeks after one million infections were recorded. The United States has the most cases — more than 600,000 — followed by Spain and Italy.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00154-w
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00154-w
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - China is tightening its grip on coronavirus research
AU  - Cyranoski, Andrew Silver
AU  - David
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Some scientists welcome government vetting because it could stop poor-quality COVID-19 papers being published – others fear it is an attempt to control information.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-01108-y
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-01108-y
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - South Africa flattens its coronavirus curve—and considers how to ease restrictions
AU  - Nordling, Linda
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - With South Africa in its third week of a COVID-19 lockdown that will last at least through April, scientists advising the government gave a preview of the next phase of the response in a televised address on Monday evening. They offered “a glimpse at the science behind the decision-making,” Minister of Health Zweli Mkhize said during the briefing—and a road map for reopening the country. South Africa detected its first novel coronavirus infection on 5 March. For the next few weeks, the epidemic followed an exponential curve similar to those in the United Kingdom, the United States, and many other countries. On 15 March, the country’s president, Cyril Ramaphosa, declared a national state of emergency banning visitors from high-risk countries, stopping large gatherings, closing more than half of its land borders, and shutting schools. On 27 March the country started a 21-day lockdown, closing all borders and confining everyone except those performing essential services to their homes except to buy groceries and medicine or to collect welfare payments.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abc2689
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/04/south-africa-flattens-its-coronavirus-curve-and-considers-how-ease-restrictions
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - For Brazil’s Indigenous communities, pandemic revives memories of earlier plagues
AU  - Amigo, Ignacio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - To the older generation of the Paiter Surui, the COVID-19 pandemic looks familiar. The Indigenous people who inhabit the border of the Brazilian states of Rondônia and Mato Grosso suffered hundreds of deaths from measles and other infectious diseases in the decades after they first made contact with non-Indigenous people in 1969. The survivors “already experienced what is happening in the world today with the coronavirus,” says Rubens Naraikoe Surui, a young Indigenous leader. Now, as the number of coronavirus cases ramps up in Brazil, the Pater Surui and other Indigenous people worry that they could be hard hit. So far, 16 members of such groups are known to have had COVID-19 infections, and three have died: a 15-year-old Yanomami boy, a 78-year-old Tikuna man, and a 44-year-old Kokama woman.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abc2772
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/04/brazil-s-indigenous-communities-pandemic-revives-memories-earlier-plagues
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Temporal dynamics in viral shedding and transmissibility of COVID-19
AU  - He, Xi
AU  - Lau, Eric H. Y.
AU  - Wu, Peng
AU  - Deng, Xilong
AU  - Wang, Jian
AU  - Hao, Xinxin
AU  - Lau, Yiu Chung
AU  - Wong, Jessica Y.
AU  - Guan, Yujuan
AU  - Tan, Xinghua
AU  - Mo, Xiaoneng
AU  - Chen, Yanqing
AU  - Liao, Baolin
AU  - Chen, Weilie
AU  - Hu, Fengyu
AU  - Zhang, Qing
AU  - Zhong, Mingqiu
AU  - Wu, Yanrong
AU  - Zhao, Lingzhai
AU  - Zhang, Fuchun
AU  - Cowling, Benjamin J.
AU  - Li, Fang
AU  - Leung, Gabriel M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We report temporal patterns of viral shedding in 94 patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 and modeled COVID-19 infectiousness profiles from a separate sample of 77 infector–infectee transmission pairs. We observed the highest viral load in throat swabs at the time of symptom onset, and inferred that infectiousness peaked on or before symptom onset. We estimated that 44% (95% confidence interval, 25–69%) of secondary cases were infected during the index cases’ presymptomatic stage, in settings with substantial household clustering, active case finding and quarantine outside the home. Disease control measures should be adjusted to account for probable substantial presymptomatic transmission.
JO  - Nature Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41591-020-0869-5
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-020-0869-5
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - These cancer scientists turned their lab into a coronavirus-testing facility
AU  - Baker, Noah
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Researchers at London’s Francis Crick Institute have repurposed equipment, reagents and software in response to the pandemic. Around the world, scientists are volunteering to help battle the coronavirus pandemic in whatever way they can. Many are retooling academic laboratories into testing centres — including researchers at the Francis Crick Institute in London, a high-profile biomedical-research facility.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-01109-x
UR  - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-01109-x
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The coronavirus epidemic
AU  - Hilgeroth, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Medicinal Chemistry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 16
IS  - 3
PG  - 271
SP  - 271
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2174/157340641603200226092100
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2004134936 http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157340641603200226092100
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Correction to Early dynamics of transmission and control of COVID-19: a mathematical modelling study (The Lancet Infectious Diseases, (S1473309920301444), (10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30144-4))
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Kucharski AJ, Russell TW, Diamond C, et al. Early dynamics of transmission and control of COVID-19: a mathematical modelling study. Lancet Infect Dis 2020; published online March 11. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30144-4—The appendix of this Article has been corrected as of March 25, 2020.
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30251-6
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005534406 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30251-6
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Kidney International and the COVID-19 infection
AU  - Rovin, B. H.
AU  - Ronco, P.
AU  - Coates, P. T.
AU  - Devuyst, O.
AU  - Drueke, T. B.
AU  - Floege, J.
AU  - Fogo, A. B.
AU  - Ikizler, T. A.
AU  - Nangaku, M.
AU  - Radhakrishnan, J.
AU  - Wong, G.
AU  - Wyatt, C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Kidney International
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 97
IS  - 5
PG  - 823
SP  - 823
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.kint.2020.03.010
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005547566 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.kint.2020.03.010
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Neurotropism of SARS-CoV 2: Mechanisms and manifestations
AU  - Conde Cardona, G.
AU  - Quintana Pájaro, L. D.
AU  - Quintero Marzola, I. D.
AU  - Ramos Villegas, Y.
AU  - Moscote Salazar, L. R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the Neurological Sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 412
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jns.2020.116824
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005551051 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2020.116824
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Situation analysis and an insight into assessment of pandemic COVID-19
AU  - Mansuri, F. M. A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jtumed.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005547653 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtumed.2020.04.001
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Risk factors for severe COVID-19: evidence from 167 hospitalized patients in Anhui, China
AU  - Wei, Yuan-Yuan
AU  - Wang, Rui-Rui
AU  - Zhang, Da-Wei
AU  - Tu, You-Hui
AU  - Chen, Chang-Shan
AU  - Ji, Shuang
AU  - Li, Chun-Xi
AU  - Li, Xiu-Yong
AU  - Zhou, Meng-Xi
AU  - Cao, Wen-Sheng
AU  - Han, Ming-Feng
AU  - Fei, Guang-He
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - In the journal, a comprehensive review of COVID-19 was published to summarize the nature of SARS-CoV-2 and the timing of its clinical characteristics. Since the emerging infectious disease emerged in Wuhan, China, it has spread rapidly around the world. According to the latest epidemiological statistics, by March 20, 2020, the number of confirmed cases worldwide has exceeded 240,000, with a fatality rate of 4.1%. The course of COVID-19 illness can progress rapidly, causing acute respiratory distress syndrome, septic shock, metabolic acidosis and blood coagulation dysfunction. Due to a previous lack of in-depth research on the characteristics of the disease, the mortality of severe illness is high. It is very important to analyse the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in international regions and identify risk factors to reduce the incidence of severe and critical illness in the early stage. In this letter, we present discrepancies of patients with different disease severities and risk factors for severe COVID-19 by comparing and analysing epidemiological and clinical data of 167 confirmed patients in Anhui, China. In the present study, the rate of severely ill patients was as high as 17.9%. Comparisons of demographics and clinical characteristics between 30 severe and 137 non-severe patients are shown in table 1.
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.04.010
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.04.010
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Risk Factors Associated with Disease Severity and Length of Hospital Stay in COVID-19 Patients
AU  - Liu, Xiaofan
AU  - Zhou, Hong
AU  - Zhou, Yilu
AU  - Wu, Xiaojun
AU  - Zhao, Yang
AU  - Lu, Yang
AU  - Tan, Weijun
AU  - Yuan, Mingli
AU  - Ding, Xuhong
AU  - Zou, Jinjing
AU  - Li, Ruiyun
AU  - Liu, Hailing
AU  - Ewing, Rob M.
AU  - Hu, Yi
AU  - Nie, Hanxiang
AU  - Wang, Yihua
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - We read with interest the article in this journal which revealed the critical role of timely supply of medical resources for COVID-19 patients.1 The pandemic of COVID-19 has placed an enormous burden on health authorities across the world. The virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2; previously known as 2019-nCoV), causes acute respiratory disease with common signs of infection being respiratory symptoms, fever, cough and breathing difficulties. In more severe cases, infection causes pneumonia, lung failure, septic shock, organ failure and risk of death. The WHO reports that 80% of those infected will develop mild symptoms, 14% severe symptoms and 6% will become critically ill. Given the wide clinical spectrum of COVID-19, a key challenge faced by frontline clinical staff is prioritisation of stretched resources. Thus, there is a critical need for robust risk assessment for clinical management. To address this, we identified consecutive patients with moderate or severe COVID-19 discharged from the general wards of Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University between 5 February 2020 to 14 March 2020 (Ethics approval No: WDRY2020-K124). All patients had been diagnosed with COVID-19 according to WHO interim guidance and had radiologic evidence of pneumonia or infiltrates on chest CT scan according. The criteria for patient discharge was the absence of fever for at least 3 days, substantial improvement in both lungs on chest CT, clinical remission of respiratory symptoms, and two throat-swab samples negative for viral RNA obtained at least 24 hours apart. In total, 99 patients (61 pneumonia and 38 severe pneumonia) with key information in their medical records were included in this study. Demographic, clinical, laboratory, and treatment data were extracted from electronic medical records. Risk factors that affect disease severity and length of hospital stay were investigated with appropriate statistical methods using R (V3.6.1) or GraphPad Prism (V8.2.1).
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.04.008
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.04.008
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Flattening-the-curve associated with reduced COVID-19 case fatality rates- an ecological analysis of 65 countries
AU  - Kenyon, Chris
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.04.007
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.04.007
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical characteristics of older patients: The experience of a geriatric short-stay unit dedicated to patients with COVID-19 in France
AU  - Godaert, Lidvine
AU  - Proye, Emeline
AU  - Demoustier-Tampere, David
AU  - Coulibaly, Pecory Souleymane
AU  - Hequet, Fanny
AU  - Dramé, Moustapha
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - We read with great interest the article by Liu et al1 published recently in The Journal of Infection. We would like to share our experience as a geriatric short-stay unit exclusively for aged patients infected with coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19). COVID-19 infection was documented for the first time in January 2020 in France. From that date onwards, the infection spread rapidly throughout the country, mainly in the east and north. Our hospital is located in the north of France, in an area with a population of 400,000 inhabitants. In March 2020, we decided to open a short-stay geriatric unit for elderly polymorbid patients suspected of COVID-19 infection. In the first week, we received 22 patients, 17 of whom were infected with SARS-CoV-2 (confirmed by RT-PCR). Nine were female and median age was 86.5 years (range: 68.6- 97.1). The main clinical and biological characteristics are detailed in Table 1, and compared with the results published by Liu et al.1 In our series, fever was the most common symptom (observed at home or at admission). Cough, delirium, dyspnea, and asthenia were the other most commonly observed signs.
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.04.009
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.04.009
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of 10 children with coronavirus disease 2019 in Changsha, China
AU  - Tan, Y. P.
AU  - Tan, B. Y.
AU  - Pan, J.
AU  - Wu, J.
AU  - Zeng, S. Z.
AU  - Wei, H. Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background: The outbreak of a new coronavirus, first reported in Wuhan, China, is spreading around the world. Information on the characteristics of children with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is limited. Methods: In this retrospective study, we recruited 10 children infected with SARS-COV-2 from January 27 to March 10, 2020, in Changsha, China. We report the epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and high-resolution CT findings for these children. Qualitative descriptive analysis was used to describe the key results. Results: Ten children were included. Three were male and seven were female. Three were from Wuhan, Hubei Province, and seven were from Changsha. All had a history of close contact with adults with COVID-19 before the onset of disease. Clinical manifestations included fever in four cases, respiratory symptoms in three cases, febrile convulsions in one case, vomiting in one case, abdominal pain in one case, and asymptomatic infection in two cases. All the children tested positive for nucleic acid in throat swabs at admission. Stool swabs of three cases were positive for nucleic acid after several days of fever. In nine children, blood routine results were normal, whereas in one case the white blood cell count was elevated. In four cases, CT findings of the lungs showed light ground-glass opacities, one case showed changes similar to bronchopneumonia, and the remaining cases were normal. All were treated with symptomatic support without complications. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that intrafamily transmission may be the main form of transmission of COVID-19 in children, and persistent intestinal excretion of virus is another characteristic among children. The results of stool swab tests should be considered for discharge and release from isolation.
JO  - Journal of Clinical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 127
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104353
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005556877 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104353
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical characteristics of 225 patients with COVID-19 in a tertiary Hospital near Wuhan, China
AU  - Li, R.
AU  - Tian, J.
AU  - Yang, F.
AU  - Lv, L.
AU  - Yu, J.
AU  - Sun, G.
AU  - Ma, Y.
AU  - Yang, X.
AU  - Ding, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Clinical Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 127
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104363
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005551171 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104363
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical characteristics associated with COVID-19 severity in California
AU  - Rubin, Samuel J. S.
AU  - Falkson, Samuel R.
AU  - Degner, Nicholas
AU  - Blish, Catherine
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Clinical and Translational Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-9
SP  - 1
EP  - 9
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/cts.2020.40
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/clinical-characteristics-associated-with-covid19-severity-in-california/B58EB9C431C6404D867BF70DBCAEBA19
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Global Preparedness Against COVID-19: We Must Leverage the Power of Digital Health
AU  - Mahmood, Sultan
AU  - Hasan, Khaled
AU  - Colder Carras, Michelle
AU  - Labrique, Alain
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has revealed many areas of public health preparedness that are lacking, especially in lower- and middle-income countries. Digital interventions provide many opportunities for strengthening health systems and could be vital resources in the current public health emergency. We provide several use cases for infection control, home-based diagnosis and screening, empowerment through information, public health surveillance and epidemiology, and leveraging crowd-sourced data. A thoughtful, concerted effort—leveraging existing experience and robust enterprise-grade technologies—can have a substantive impact on the immediate and distal consequences of COVID-19.
JO  - JMIR Public Health Surveill
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 6
IS  - 2
PG  - e18980
SP  - e18980
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2196/18980
UR  - http://publichealth.jmir.org/2020/2/e18980/ https://doi.org/10.2196/18980
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Alterações pulmonares causadas pelo novo Coronavírus (COVID-19) e o uso da ventilação mecânica invasiva
AU  - Campos, Nataly Gurgel
AU  - Costa, Rayana Fialho da
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Introdução: o novo coronavírus é semelhante a outras pneumonias coronavirais e também pode levar à síndrome do desconforto respiratório agudo. Métodos: comunicação breve sobre as repercussões pulmonares causadas pela doença e uso da ventilação mecânica invasiva. Resultados: a ventilção mecânica invasiva é a forma de tratamento adequada para pacientes com saturação abaixo de 92%, pressão arterial de O2 abaixo de 65 mm/Hg com ou sem hipercapnia, frequência respiratória &gt; 30 ipm e piora clínica. Conclusão: o uso da ventilação não invasiva ou de oxigenoterapia nasal de alto fluxo não é recomendado na rotina.(AU) Introduction: the novel coronavirus is similar to other coronaviral pneumonias, and can also lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome. Methods: brief communication about the pulmonary repercussions caused by the disease and the use of invasive mechanical ventilation. Results: Invasive mechanical ventilation is the appropriate form of treatment for patients with saturation below 92%, oxygen arterial pressure below 65 mm /hg with or without hypercapnia, respiratory rate&gt; 30 ipm and clinical worsening. Conclusion: the use of non-invasive ventilation or high-flow nasal oxygen therapy is not recommended in routine.
JO  - J. Health Biol. Sci. (Online)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 8
IS  - 1
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://periodicos.unichristus.edu.br/jhbs/article/view/3185/1080
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recent progress in understanding 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) associated with human respiratory disease: detection, mechanisms and treatment
AU  - Kang, S.
AU  - Peng, W.
AU  - Zhu, Y.
AU  - Lu, S.
AU  - Zhou, M.
AU  - Lin, W.
AU  - Wu, W.
AU  - Huang, S.
AU  - Jiang, L.
AU  - Luo, X.
AU  - Deng, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Viral respiratory diseases such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) always pose a severe threat to people. First identified in late December 2019, a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV; SARS-CoV-2) has affected many provinces in China and multiple countries worldwide. The viral outbreak has aroused panic and a public-health emergency around the world, and the number of infections continues to rise. However, the causes and consequences of the pneumonia remain unknown. To effectively implement epidemic prevention, early identification and diagnosis are critical to disease control. Here we scrutinise a series of available studies by global scientists on the clinical manifestations, detection methods and treatment options for the disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, named coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and also propose potential strategies for preventing the infection.
JO  - International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105950
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005548403 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105950
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Structural and molecular modelling studies reveal a new mechanism of action of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine against SARS-CoV-2 infection
AU  - Fantini, J.
AU  - Di Scala, C.
AU  - Chahinian, H.
AU  - Yahi, N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The recent emergence of the novel pathogenic SARS-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for a worldwide pandemic. Given the global health emergency, drug repositioning is the most reliable option to design an efficient therapy for infected patients without delay. The first step of the viral replication cycle [i.e. attachment to the surface of respiratory cells, mediated by the spike (S) viral protein] offers several potential therapeutic targets. The S protein uses the angiotension-converting enzyme-2 (ACE-2) receptor for entry, but also sialic acids linked to host cell surface gangliosides. Using a combination of structural and molecular modelling approaches, this study showed that chloroquine (CLQ), one of the drugs currently under investigation for SARS-CoV-2 treatment, binds sialic acids and gangliosides with high affinity. A new type of ganglioside-binding domain at the tip of the N-terminal domain of the SARS-CoV-2 S protein was identified. This domain (111–158), which is fully conserved among clinical isolates worldwide, may improve attachment of the virus to lipid rafts and facilitate contact with the ACE-2 receptor. This study showed that, in the presence of CLQ [or its more active derivative, hydroxychloroquine (CLQ-OH)], the viral S protein is no longer able to bind gangliosides. The identification of this new mechanism of action of CLQ and CLQ-OH supports the use of these repositioned drugs to cure patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. The in-silico approaches used in this study might also be used to assess the efficiency of a broad range of repositioned and/or innovative drug candidates before clinical evaluation.
JO  - International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105960
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005548003 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105960
NS  - 
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ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): a scoping review
AU  - Lv, Meng
AU  - Luo, Xufei
AU  - Estill, Janne
AU  - Liu, Yunlan
AU  - Ren, Mengjuan
AU  - Wang, Jianjian
AU  - Wang, Qi
AU  - Zhao, Siya
AU  - Wang, Xiaohui
AU  - Yang, Shu
AU  - Feng, Xixi
AU  - Li, Weiguo
AU  - Liu, Enmei
AU  - Zhang, Xianzhuo
AU  - Wang, Ling
AU  - Zhou, Qi
AU  - Meng, Wenbo
AU  - Qi, Xiaolong
AU  - Xun, Yangqin
AU  - Yu, Xuan
AU  - Chen, Yaolong
AU  - evidence, on behalf of the COVID-19
AU  - group, recommendations working
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The WHO [6-9], the United States (US) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [10,11], the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) [12,13] as well as Chinese researchers have issued several guidance documents or guidelines to help address the outbreaks. Meanwhile, many scientific journals have rapidly published a number of articles, comments, editorials and perspectives related to COVID-19. It may however be challenging for the global research community to find all the available evidence: many of the first studies on COVID-19 were published in Chinese, and because of the rapidly developing situation, the latest studies are often available on websites or preprint servers only [14]. Scoping reviews are regarded as a valid tool to map the available evidence on a given topic, to clarify the characteristics of body of literature, to organise the key concepts and their relationship and to analyse knowledge gaps [15]. The methodology continues to be developed, and a Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRSIMA) extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-SCR) including reporting guidance was published in 2018 [16]. Given the urgency of the COVID-19 epidemic and the need to understand and access information about it, a scoping review was considered suitable for the situation. We therefore conducted this scoping review to help identify research gaps related to this new viral disease and propose recommendations for future research on COVID-19.
JO  - Eurosurveillance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 25
IS  - 15
PG  - 2000125
SP  - 2000125
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.15.2000125
UR  - https://www.eurosurveillance.org/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.15.2000125
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Potential lethal outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) among the elderly in retirement homes and long-term facilities, France, March 2020
AU  - Etard, Jean-François
AU  - Vanhems, Philippe
AU  - Atlani-Duault, Laëtitia
AU  - Ecochard, René
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Reports from the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak in China identified older age as a predictor of severity and mortality [1]. A retrospective analysis of individual case data from China and elsewhere showed a very strong age gradient in the infection fatality ratio (IFR) and case fatality ratio (CFR) [2]. In France, as at 15 March 2020, people older than 75 years accounted for 20% of the confirmed cases but 79% of the deaths [3]. Cardiovascular diseases, hypertension and diabetes mellitus were the comorbidities most frequently associated with COVID-19, and many patients died of their original comorbidities [4,5]. All these comorbidities are highly common among dependent elderly people housed in institutions. Using simple calculation, we present here the impact of several worst-case scenarios in French institutions. Potential number of deathsGo to section... We studied different scenarios to simulate the potential death toll of an outbreak of COVID-19 in the French institutions in the absence of mitigation measures. We extracted the age structure of residents from 40 “Habitat et Humanisme” institutions for dependent elderly people. In France, at the end of 2017, 766,400 people above 60 years of age were housed in retirement homes for dependent elderly people, in long-term care facilities or received home-based care [6]. While the calculation of IFR is based on the proportion of all infected cases, i.e. a precise estimation of the proportion of symptomatic and asymptomatic cases, we restricted our analysis to CFR. The CFR, estimated from China and elsewhere, for 60–69 year-olds, 70–79 year-olds and those 80 years and older were, respectively, 3.6%, 8.0% and 14.8% [2]. We applied the hypothesis that 30–50% of the institutions were infected, a final attack rate (AR) of 30–50% among the residents and applying age-specific fatality ratios, with their confidence intervals (CI), from [2]. By the time the epidemic is over, the resulting death toll in these institutions could be equal to the yearly national death toll caused by seasonal influenza in those older than above 65 years (9,025 deaths on average between 2000 and 2009) or it could largely exceed that figure, depending on the final AR and the proportion of infected institutions (Table) [7]. Among this frail population, part of this excess in mortality may be due to the acceleration of underlying unavoidable process and another part directly attributable to the infection.
JO  - Eurosurveillance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 25
IS  - 15
PG  - 2000448
SP  - 2000448
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:https://doi.org/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.15.2000448
UR  - https://www.eurosurveillance.org/content/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.15.2000448
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - More competences than you knew? The web of health competences for Union action in response to the COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Purnhagen, Kai P.
AU  - Flear, Mark L.
AU  - Hervey, Tamara K.
AU  - Herwig, Alexia
AU  - de Ruijter, Anniek
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Journal of Risk Regulation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-17
SP  - 1
EP  - 17
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/err.2020.35
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/more-competences-than-you-knew-the-web-of-health-competences-for-union-action-in-response-to-the-covid19-outbreak/DFF6E24A647104598583AF27BA28FE81
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - From diversity to coordination: A European approach to Covid19
AU  - Pacces, Alessio M.
AU  - Weimer, Maria
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The Covid19 pandemic is changing the face of Europe. Member States’ divergent responses to this crisis unveils lack of unity in the face of a humanitarian catastrophe. At best, this undermines the effectiveness of health protection within the EU. At worst, it risks breaking up the Union altogether. Divergent national responses to Covid19 reflect different national preferences and political legitimacy, thus cannot be fully avoided. In this article, we argue that these responses should be better coordinated. Without coordination, the price for diversity is high. Firstly, there are damaging spillovers between Member States, which undermine key pillars of European integration such as the free movement of persons and of goods. Secondly, the national policymaking is easily captured by local interest groups.Our proposal is that EU indicates, not mandates, a European exit strategy from asymmetric containment policies of Covid19. In particular, the EU should help Member States procure and validate tests for infection and immunity. The EU should also indicate ways in which testing could be used to create safe spaces to work, thereby restoring the free movement of persons and of goods. We see a great advantage in such EU guidance: it could improve mutual learning between Member States, which have faced different timing of the epidemic and learned different lessons. Although the local political economy has so far delayed learning and undermined cooperation, the EU can mitigate both effects and indicate the way for Europe to resurrect united from the ashes of Covid19.
JO  - European Journal of Risk Regulation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-19
SP  - 1
EP  - 19
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/err.2020.36
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/from-diversity-to-coordination-a-european-approach-to-covid19/ABEB13A16B52DF580CDAB17162426E1B
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Shelter hospital: glimmers of hope in treating COVID-19
AU  - Zhou, Feng
AU  - Gao, Xuan
AU  - Li, Mengwei
AU  - Zhang, Ying
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/dmp.2020.105
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/shelter-hospital-glimmers-of-hope-in-treating-covid19/B0D5BA83FB6AB0ABC481E1CA55EDBE13
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Allocation of Scarce Resources in a Pandemic: A Systematic Review of U.S. State Crisis Standards of Care Documents
AU  - Romney, Douglas
AU  - Fox, Hannah
AU  - Carlson, Stephanie
AU  - Bachmann, Daniel
AU  - O’Mathuna, Donal
AU  - Kman, Nicholas
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective:To locate and analyze U.S. State Crisis Standards of Care (CSC) documents to determine their prevalence and quality.Methods:Following PRISMA guidelines, Google search for “allocation of scarce resources” and “crisis standards of care (CSC)” for each state. We analyzed the plans based on the 2009 Institute of Medicine (IOM) Report which provided guidance for establishing CSC for use in disaster situations, as well as the 2014 CHEST consensus statement’s 11 core topic areas.Results:The search yielded 42 state documents and we excluded 11 that were not CSC plans. Of the 31 included plans, 13 plans were written for an “All Hazards” approach, while 18 were pandemic influenza specific. 18 had strong ethical grounding. 21 plans had integrated and ongoing community and provider engagement, education, and communication. 22 had assurances regarding legal authority and environment. 16 plans had clear indicators, triggers, and lines of responsibility. Finally, 28 had evidence-based clinical processes and operations.Conclusion:Five plans contained all 5 IOM elements: Arizona, Colorado, Minnesota, Nevada, and Vermont. Colorado and Minnesota have “All Hazards” documents and processes for both Adult and Pediatric populations and could be considered exemplars for other states.
JO  - Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-19
SP  - 1
EP  - 19
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/dmp.2020.101
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/allocation-of-scarce-resources-in-a-pandemic-a-systematic-review-of-us-state-crisis-standards-of-care-documents/895A80139A43F9AAE209176126B1102A
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Investigating the determinants of high Case-Fatality Rate for COVID-19 in Italy
AU  - Barone-Adesi, Francesco
AU  - Ragazzoni, Luca
AU  - Schmid, Maurizio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/dmp.2020.106
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/investigating-the-determinants-of-high-casefatality-rate-for-covid19-in-italy/18AC98FF2A63D2D8E74CBB938ECA72AE
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The treatment proposal for the patients with breast diseases in the central epidemic area of 2019 coronavirus disease Suggestions for thoracic surgery clinical practice in non-epidemic area of coronavirus infected disease-19
AU  - Lu, Zhao
AU  - Lin, Zhang
AU  - Jinwen, L. I. U.
AU  - Zhifang, Yang
AU  - Wenzhuang, Shen
AU  - Xingrui, L. I.
AU  - Fuqiang, D. A. I.
AU  - Qunyou, T. A. N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Currently, the epidemic of 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is still ongoing. The characteristics including high contagiousness, herd susceptibility and clinical phenotype diversity, made a serious influence on people’s daily life and rountine therapy for other diseases. Breast dieases are clinical common diseases. In the central epidemic area of COVID-19, Hubei province, especially Wuhan, the clinical specialists of breast diseases should consider all of the following factors comprehensively: the prevention of COVID-19, the diagnosis and treatment of breast diseases and the accessibility of medical resources. Besides, we should select the appropriate therapy and optimize treatment process so as to prevent the propagation and cross infection of COVID-19 as well as manage the breast diseases without delay. Therefore, we carried out some management proposals of the patients with breast diseases in the central epidemic area during the epidemic of COVID-19 on the basis of conventional treatment guidelines and clinical experiences. The suggestions and corrections from colleagues will be welcomed. In this paper, the mechanism of destroying human alveolar epithelial cells and pulmonary tissue by 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) was discussed firstly. There may be multiple mechanisms including killing directly the target cells and hyperinflammatory responses. Secondly, the clinical features, CT imaging, short-term and long-term pulmonary function damage of the 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) was analyzed. Finally, some suggestions for thoracic surgery clinical practice in non-epidemic area during and after the epidemic of COVID-19 was provided, to help all the thoracic surgery patients receive active and effective treatment.
JO  - Chinese Journal of Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 12
PG  - E005-E005
SP  - E005
EP  - E005
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112139-20200221-00116 http://dx.doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112139-20200219-00100
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Assessing nitrogen dioxide (NO2) levels as a contributing factor to coronavirus (COVID-19) fatality
AU  - Ogen, Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is an ambient trace-gas result of both natural and anthropogenic processes. Long-term exposure to NO2 may cause a wide spectrum of severe health problems such as hypertension, diabetes, heart and cardiovascular diseases and even death. The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between long-term exposure to NO2 and coronavirus fatality. The Sentinel-5P is used for mapping the tropospheric NO2 distribution and the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis for evaluating the atmospheric capability to disperse the pollution. The spatial analysis has been conducted on a regional scale and combined with the number of death cases taken from 66 administrative regions in Italy, Spain, France and Germany. Results show that out of the 4443 fatality cases, 3487 (78%) were in five regions located in north Italy and central Spain. Additionally, the same five regions show the highest NO2 concentrations combined with downwards airflow which prevent an efficient dispersion of air pollution. These results indicate that the long-term exposure to this pollutant may be one of the most important contributors to fatality caused by the COVID-19 virus in these regions and maybe across the whole world.
JO  - Science of the Total Environment
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 726
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138605
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005562263 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138605
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Antibiotic treatment for COVID-19 complications could fuel resistant bacteria
AU  - Reardon, Sara
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In her regular job, Priya Nori runs Montefiore Medical Center’s antibiotic stewardship program, and spends most of her time ensuring that the Bronx-based hospital doesn’t overuse the drugs and allow bacteria resistant to them to thrive. But like many physicians, Nori is now spending all of her time helping treat COVID-19 patients at her New York City hospital, which like other medical centers in the pandemic hot spot, is crowded with 50% more patients than normal. As part of that care, she and other doctors are administering many more antibiotics than normal, which is a recipe for the rapid rise or spread of resistant bacteria, especially given the crowded conditions.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abc2995
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/04/antibiotic-treatment-covid-19-complications-could-fuel-resistant-bacteria
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Crushing coronavirus means ‘breaking the habits of a lifetime.’ Behavior scientists have some tips
AU  - Cornwall, Warren
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - With no vaccine or medication to cope with the novel coronavirus, people around the world have sought—or been ordered to seek—protection by changing the way they act in ways large and small, from their washing hands more frequently to avoiding almost all physical contact. Now, government and industry leaders are turning to behavioral scientists for advice on how to persuade their citizens and workers to abide by such dramatic changes. To beat the pandemic, we need “a more rapid change of behavior than I can think of in recent human history,” says Robb Willer, a sociologist at Stanford University. He recently helped recruit more than 40 top behavioral scientists to summarize their field’s research on how to steer people into certain actions and how it might aid the response to the pandemic.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abc2922
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/04/crushing-coronavirus-means-breaking-habits-lifetime-behavior-scientists-have-some-tips
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19, the pandemic war: Implication for neurologists
AU  - de Seze, J.
AU  - Lebrun-Frenay, C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Revue Neurologique
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 176
IS  - 4
PG  - 223-224
SP  - 223
EP  - 224
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.neurol.2020.03.002
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005559493 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurol.2020.03.002
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 
AU  - Eduardo, C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Medicas (Cordoba, Argentina)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 77
IS  - 1
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.31053/1853.0605.v77.n1.27935
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L631433663 http://dx.doi.org/10.31053/1853.0605.v77.n1.27935
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-COV-2, o novo Coronavírus: uma reflexão sobre a Saúde Única (One Health) e a importância da medicina de viagem na emergência de novos patógenos
AU  - Chaves, Tânia S. S.
AU  - Bellei, Nancy
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Rev. med. (Säo Paulo)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 99
IS  - 1
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://www.revistas.usp.br/revistadc/article/view/167173/159662
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Procedimientos endoscópicos y pandemia COVID-19: consideraciones básicas
AU  - Otero, William
AU  - Gómez, Martín
AU  - Ángel, Luis A.
AU  - Ruiz, Oscar
AU  - Marulanda, Hernando
AU  - Riveros, Javier
AU  - Junca, Germán
AU  - Ballén, Hernán
AU  - Rodríguez, Álvaro
AU  - Pineda, Luis F.
AU  - Otero, Elder
AU  - Otero, Lina
AU  - Jaramillo, Gilberto
AU  - Buitrago, Johanna
AU  - Rodríguez, Jairo
AU  - Batídas, Melissa
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - El SARS-Cov-2 es un coronavirus productor de la enfermedad COVID-19. Esta inició en Wuhan, capital de la provincia Hubei, China. En menos de cuatro meses la enfermedad se dispersó por el mundo, lo que dio origen a miles de muertes. La Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) la ha declarado pandemia. La humanidad está consternada, múltiples gobiernos han obligado al aislamiento total, con éxito variable debido a la negligencia de parte de la comunidad. En muchas ciudades las instituciones y el personal sanitario no son suficientes para atender la catástrofe. El aislamiento es la única estrategia eficaz para detener el crecimiento logarítmico de COVID-19. El motivo científico del aislamiento es que más del 60 % de los contagios surgen de personas asintomáticas. La enfermedad no solo produce síntomas respiratorios. El SARS-Cov-2, además, puede producir náuseas, dolor abdominal, vómito, diarrea, anosmia y ageusia. El 50% de los infectados pueden tener síntomas digestivos, que incluso preceden a los respiratorios. La ruta fecal-oral trasmite el virus, aún sin diarrea. En las unidades de endoscopia están todas las formas de contagio: aerosoles (vómitos, arcadas, eructos, flatos), materia fecal, contacto estrecho, contaminación del ambiente. Se deben suspender todas las endoscopias programadas para diagnóstico. Solo deben realizarse las urgentes y terapéuticas. Todo el personal de endoscopia debe tener medidas de protección estrictas. El paciente debe saber que en la sala de endoscopia puede contagiarse, con constancia en el consentimiento informado. Debe contactarse al paciente posendoscopia vía telefónica a los días 7 y 14 para indagar sobre todos los síntomas mencionados.(AU) SARS-CoV-2 is the coronavirus which produces the dreaded COVID-19. Starting in Wuhan, the capital of China&#039;s Hubei province, it has spread it spread throughout the world in less than four months and has caused thousands of deaths. The WHO has declared it to be a pandemic. Humanity is shocked, and many governments have imposed total isolation. It has had varying success due to community negligence. In many cities, institutions and health personnel have not successfully managed this catastrophe. Isolation is the only effective strategy to stop the logarithmic growth of COVID 19. The scientific reason for isolation is that more than 60 % of infections arise from asymptomatic people. SARS-CoV-2 not only produces respiratory symptoms but can also cause nausea, abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, anosmia and ageusia. Fifty percent of those infected may have digestive symptoms which may even precede respiratory symptoms. The fecal-oral route can transmit the virus even when there is no diarrhea. All forms of contagion are found in endoscopy units: aerosols from vomiting, retching, bel-ching, and flatus; fecal matter, close contact, and contamination of the environment. All diagnostic endoscopies should be discontinued. Only urgent and therapeutic endoscopy should be performed. All endoscopy personnel must have strict protection measures. Each patient should be informed, and sign an informed consent form, that the virus can be spread within the endoscopy room. After performance of endoscopy, the patient should be contacted by phone on days 7 and 14 to inquire about all symptoms mentioned.(AU)
JO  - Rev. colomb. gastroenterol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 35
IS  - 1
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://revistagastrocol.com/index.php/rcg/article/view/526/785
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mental Health Characteristics associated with Dysfunctional Coronavirus Anxiety
AU  - Lee, Sherman A.
AU  - Jobe, Mary C.
AU  - Mathis, Amanda A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Psychological Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-5
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/S003329172000121X
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/mental-health-characteristics-associated-with-dysfunctional-coronavirus-anxiety/FFD3CA27D3669494A91F78DC68CCE2FA
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Assessing Viral Shedding and Infectivity of Tears in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Patients
AU  - Seah, I. Y. J.
AU  - Anderson, D. E.
AU  - Kang, A. E. Z.
AU  - Wang, L.
AU  - Rao, P.
AU  - Young, B. E.
AU  - Lye, D. C.
AU  - Agrawal, R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Ophthalmology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.ophtha.2020.03.026
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005548088 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2020.03.026
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - ACCC Supports Oncology Community With COVID-19 Resources Special Coverage on COVID-19: No One is Ready for This
AU  - Mosley, Mark
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Oncology Times
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 42
IS  - 8
PG  - 18
SP  - 18
EP  - 
AN  - 00130989-202004200-00009
DO  - 10.1097/01.COT.0000661884.57623.5b 10.1097/01.EEM.0000662060.07175.0c
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/oncology-times/Fulltext/2020/04200/ACCC_Supports_Oncology_Community_With_COVID_19.9.aspx https://journals.lww.com/em-news/Fulltext/2020/04221/Special_Coverage_on_COVID_19__No_One_is_Ready_for.1.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Oncologist Urges COVID-19 “Castrated” Live Vaccine Initiative
AU  - Goodwin, Peter M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Oncology Times
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 42
IS  - 8
PG  - 16-17
SP  - 16
EP  - 17
AN  - 00130989-202004200-00008
DO  - 10.1097/01.COT.0000661880.94212.8d
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/oncology-times/Fulltext/2020/04200/Oncologist_Urges_COVID_19__Castrated__Live_Vaccine.8.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Nuklearmedizin zu Zeiten der SARS-CoV-2 Pandemie: 18F-FDG-PET/CT zur Visualisierung von COVID-19
AU  - Lütje, S.
AU  - Marinova, M.
AU  - Kütting, D.
AU  - Attenberger, U.
AU  - Essler, M.
AU  - Bundschuh, R. A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nuklearmedizin. Nuclear medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1055/a-1152-2341
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L631442681 http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1152-2341
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pay attention to situation of SARS-CoV-2 and TCM advantages in treatment of novel coronavirus infection
AU  - Liu, C. X.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since the outbreak of the new coronavirus epidemic, novel coronavirus has infected nearly 100,000 people in more than 110 countries. How to face this new coronavirus epidemic outbreak is an important issue. Basic reproduction number (R0) is an important parameter in epidemiology; The basic reproduction number of an infection can be thought of as the expected number of cases directly generated by one case in a population where all individuals are susceptible to infection. Epidemiology dynamics is a mathematical model based on a susceptibility-infection-recovery epidemic model. Researchers analyzed the epidemiological benefits of different transmission rates for the establishment of effective strategy in prevention and control strategies for epidemic infectious diseases. In this review, the early use of TCM for light and ordinary patients, can rapidly improve symptoms, shorten hospitalization days and reduce severe cases transformed from light and normal. Many TCM formulas and products have wide application in treating infectious and non-infectious diseases. The TCM theoretical system of treating epidemic diseases with TCM and the treatment scheme of integrated Chinese and Western medicine have proved their effectiveness in clinical practice. TCM can cure COVID-19 pneumonia, and also shows that the role of TCM in blocking the progress of COVID-19 pneumonia.
JO  - Chinese Herbal Medicines
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.chmed.2020.03.004
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005548425 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chmed.2020.03.004
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: Navigating Uncertainties Together
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Cell
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 181
IS  - 2
PG  - 209-210
SP  - 209
EP  - 210
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.cell.2020.03.041
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005565311 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2020.03.041
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Rare Moment of Cross-Partisan Consensus: Elite and Public Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic in Canada
AU  - Merkley, Eric
AU  - Bridgman, Aengus
AU  - Loewen, Peter John
AU  - Owen, Taylor
AU  - Ruths, Derek
AU  - Zhilin, Oleg
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Canadian Journal of Political Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-12
SP  - 1
EP  - 12
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/S0008423920000311
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/rare-moment-of-crosspartisan-consensus-elite-and-public-response-to-the-covid19-pandemic-in-canada/14238F14B2E3B0536813583ED0A4A833
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Correction to: Clinical predictors of mortality due to COVID-19 based on an analysis of data of 150 patients from Wuhan, China (Intensive Care Medicine, (2020), 10.1007/s00134-020-05991-x)
AU  - Ruan, Q.
AU  - Yang, K.
AU  - Wang, W.
AU  - Jiang, L.
AU  - Song, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Clinical predictors of mortality due to COVID-19 based on an analysis of data of 150 patients from Wuhan, China.
JO  - Intensive Care Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00134-020-06028-z
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2004600327 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00134-020-06028-z
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pasteurized blood samples for transfusion compatibility testing during the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak
AU  - Yao, Run
AU  - Shen, Ya-Mei
AU  - Tan, Ying
AU  - Zhou, Peng-Cheng
AU  - Li, Bi-Juan
AU  - Fan, Xue-Gong
AU  - Li, Ning
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-7
SP  - 1
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/ice.2020.138
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/pasteurized-blood-samples-for-transfusion-compatibility-testing-during-the-coronavirus-disease-2019-outbreak/1D061CF25201DA259DC2DAD485B401D5
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Positive RT-PCR tests among discharged COVID-19 patients in Shenzhen, China
AU  - Tang, Xiujuan
AU  - Zhao, Shi
AU  - He, Daihai
AU  - Yang, Lin
AU  - Wang, Maggie H.
AU  - Li, Yuan
AU  - Mei, Shujiang
AU  - Zou, Xuan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Among all 209 discharged coronavirus 2019 patients in Shenzhen China between January 23 and February 21, 2020, there are 9 (4.3%) patients showed RT-PCR positive in throat swabs, 13 (6.2%) patients showed RT-PCR positive in anal swabs, and 22 (10.5%) positive in either type. The time between discharge and positive RT-PCR tests is 4.7 days on average. These numbers shed light on the viral dynamics of COVID-19.
JO  - Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-7
SP  - 1
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/ice.2020.134
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/positive-rtpcr-tests-among-discharged-covid19-patients-in-shenzhen-china/87EC1B29B2C3EE6730F4CF795DB4F7D7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Impact of COVID-19 on Traditional Healthcare Associated Infection Prevention Efforts
AU  - Stevens, Michael P.
AU  - Doll, Michelle
AU  - Pryor, Rachel
AU  - Godbout, Emily
AU  - Cooper, Kaila
AU  - Bearman, Gonzalo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-6
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/ice.2020.141
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/impact-of-covid19-on-traditional-healthcare-associated-infection-prevention-efforts/4D68389766BEA703CAB23CAAC0A80472
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 affects Healthy Pediatricians more than Pediatric Patients
AU  - Rezaei, Nima
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/ice.2020.139
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/covid19-affects-healthy-pediatricians-more-than-pediatric-patients/F78E755D3C8BE7699C187858EA5BFF2F
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - India fights hard to neutralize the spread of Covid-19
AU  - Agoramoorthy, Govindasamy
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/ice.2020.140
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/india-fights-hard-to-neutralize-the-spread-of-covid19/8B24D4B207ECF94709B506082B54BDD8
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV2 infection and primary school closure
AU  - Vanhems, Philippe
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The recent review of Brooks et al. on the impact of unplanned school closure on children’s social contact [1] for controlling outbreaks brings interesting information that could apply to coronavirus disease (COVID-19). In addition, a recent case in France of a 9-year-old child infected by SARS-CoV-2 [2] raises the issue of risk assessment for other children at a same school and/or in a same classroom. Identification of contacts between classmates is of high importance for appropriate screening and implementation of preventive measures at a primary school level but also at a family level. It has been reported that the patterns of contacts strongly differ according to age and school grade. For example, based on radio-frequency identification devices (RFID) technology, it was reported that young French children (age 6 years) in a primary school [3] had a median of 500 contacts per school day and a median of 300 minutes of cumulated contact per day. Older children (age 10–11 years) had a median of 300 contacts per day and a median of 250 minutes of cumulated contact per day. An aggregate analysis emphasised that young children interacted with many schoolmates of the same or similar age (age 7–8 years) while older children restricted their contacts mostly to their own age stratum, like in England [4]. The practical application of such an observation would therefore be to help public health authorities identify the children at higher risk of exposure. The decision to close a school totally or partially according to the age of an index case should be discussed. However, in an emergency context such as the COVID-19 pandemic where scientific knowledge regarding the virus is still lacking, total closure of a school was reasonable and reassuring for parents.
JO  - Eurosurveillance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 25
IS  - 15
PG  - 2000617
SP  - 2000617
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - doi:https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.15.2000617
UR  - https://www.eurosurveillance.org/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.15.2000617
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Erratum: Covid-19 and long term conditions: What if you have cancer, diabetes, or chronic kidney disease? (BMJ (2020)368 (m1174) DOI: 10.1136/bmj.m1174)
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In this feature (BMJ 2020;368:m1174, doi:10.1136/bmj.m1174, published 25 March 2020) it was incorrectly stated that Sarah Blake devised the infographics that she shared on Twitter. This has been corrected.
JO  - The BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1270
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L631401824 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m1270
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Taube, C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Atemwegs- und Lungenkrankheiten
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 46
IS  - 4
PG  - 171-172
SP  - 171
EP  - 172
AN  - 
DO  - 10.5414/ATX02526
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005483690 http://dx.doi.org/10.5414/ATX02526
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Comprehensive update on current outbreak of novel coronavirus infection (2019-nCoV)
AU  - Sahu, K. K.
AU  - Mishra, A. K.
AU  - Lal, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Recently, a new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has emerged as a respiratory infection with significant concern for global public health hazards. With an initial suspicion of the animal to the human transmission for earlier cases, now the paradigm has shifted towards human to human transmission via droplets, contacts and/or through fomites. with each passing day, more and more confirmed cases are being reported worldwide which has alarmed the global authorities including World Health Organization (WHO), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China to take immediate action in order to reduce the transmission and subsequent mortalities associated with COVID-19 to as minimum as possible. Unfortunately, like the previous Coronavirus outbreaks, there is no definite antiviral therapy for the treatment of confirmed cases and hence preventing ourselves from contracting 2019-nCoV is the best way to prevent it from becoming pandemic. Herein, we aim to discuss the latest updates on the origin, genomic characteristics, diagnosis, treatment options and current efforts being made by international health organizations with regards to the 2019-nCoV outbreak.
JO  - Annals of Translational Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 8
IS  - 6
PG  - 
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EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.21037/atm.2020.02.92
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L631448062 http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/atm.2020.02.92
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - تازه های علمی کرونا ویروس ها در سازمان بهداشت جهانی؛ (1) کاری از گروه اپیدمیولوژی دانشکده بهداشت و ایمنی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی
AU  - آقاعلی, محمد
AU  - امان اللهی, علیرضا
AU  - ایزدی, ندا
AU  - حاجی پور, محمود
AU  - رحیمی, سجاد
AU  - مظفر سعادتی, حسین
AU  - . ., و .
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - کروناویروس ها (CoV) خانواده بزرگی از ویروس ها می‌باشد که باعث رخداد بیماری‌های رایجی مانند سرماخوردگی تا بیماری‌های تنفسی مانند سندروم تنفسی خاورمیانه (MERS-Cov) و سندروم حاد تنفسی (SARS-Cov) می‌شود. کروناویروس نوع جدیدی از این نوع ویروس‎ها می‌باشد که قبلا در انسان تشخیص داده نشده‌است. کروناویروس ها به اصطلاح زئونوز هستند که طبق تعریف به معنای این است که می‌تواند در حیوانات و انسان‌ها به طور مشترک باعث ایجاد بیماری شود. برای مثال سندروم حاد تنفسی (SARS-Cov) از طریق گربه زباد (Civet Cat) و سندروم تنفسی خاورمیانه (MERS-Cov) از طریق شتر به انسان انتقال یافته‌است. همچنین چندین نوع از کروناویروس‌ها شناخته‌شده هستند که در حال حاضر انسان را آلوده نکرده‌است.علائم شایع این نوع عفونت شامل علائم تنفسی، تب، سرفه، تنگی نفس و مشکلات تنفسی می‌باشد که در موارد شدیدتر این عفونت منجر به پنومونی، سندروم حاد تنفسی، نارسایی کلیه و حتی مرگ می‌شود.
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UR  - http://journals.sbmu.ac.ir/iranjem/article/view/29326
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - تازه های علمی کرونا ویروس ها در سازمان بهداشت جهانی؛ (9) گروه اپیدمیولوژی دانشکده بهداشت و ایمنی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی و کرمان
AU  - آقاعلی, محمد
AU  - ابوبکری, امید
AU  - امان اللهی, علیرضا
AU  - ایزدی, ندا
AU  - توکلی, فاطمه
AU  - رحیمی, سجاد
AU  - . ., و .
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - با عنایت به طغیان وسیع ناشی از عفونت­های شدید تنفسی ناشی از COVID-19، دانشمندان در تلاشند که جهت کنترل گسترش این ویروس با به­کارگیری تشابهات ژنتیکی COVID-19 با SARS-CoV (کرونا ویروس ایجاد کننده بیماری سارس)،که سبب اپیدمی وسیعی در سال 2003 گردید واکسن موثر علیه ویروس COVID-19، تولید و به جهان عرضه کنند.نتایج محققین نشانگر آن است که شباهت ساختمانی COVID-19 با SARS-CoV قابل توجه بوده، لیکن با ساختار MERS-COV متفاوت است و از همین شباهت ساختمانی می­توان در ساخت واکسن علیه COVID-19 استفاده نمود. در همین راستا با مطالعه­ای که بر روی سلول­های B وT اپی­توپ­های به دست آمده ازپروتئین­های the spike (S)، nucleocapsid (N)از SARS-CoV صورت گرفت که شباهت زیادی با COVID-19 داشتند. با این اقدام گامی در جهت ساخت واکسن برداشته شد. از آنجاییکه تشابه اپی­توپ­ها در 120 توالی COVID-19 موجود، صورت گرفته و هیچ جهشی تاکنون (فوریه2020) مشاهده نشده است از بررسی ایمونولوژی اپی­توپ­های اخیر بعنوان پیشنهادی برای محافظت در برابر ویروس جدید استفاده شد.برای اپی­توپ­های سلول­های T جمعیت مطالعه مورد بررسی، افراد واجد آللهای MHC بودند که تصور می­گردد در افراد هدف مطالعه به­ویژه در چین وجود دارند.یافته­های مطالعه نمایانگر آن است که از اپی­توپ­های اسکرین شده می­توان در جهت تولید SARS-CoV-2 استفاده نمود.شکل 1 به مقایسه ساختمانی پروتئینی COVID-19 با SARS-CoV و MERS-COV می­پردازد.
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DO  - 
UR  - http://journals.sbmu.ac.ir/iranjem/article/view/29534
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Коронавирусная болезнь 2019 (COVID-19): размышления ревматолога
AU  - Л., Е. Насонов
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - В декабре 2019 г. в г. Ухань (провинция Хубэй, расположенная в центральном регионе Китая) зарегистрирована вспышка новой инфекции, получившей рабочее название 2019-nCoV, которая быстро распространилась практически по всей территории земного шара и приняла характер пандемии. Всемирная организация здравоохранения (ВОЗ) предложила новое название этого заболевания – коронавирусная болезнь (coronavirus disease, COVID-19), а Международный комитет по таксономии вирусов переименовал 2019-nCov в SARS-Cov-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus-2). Развитие пандемии COVID-19 имеет не только огромное социальное значение, но и привлекает внимание медицинской общественности к принципиально новым клиническим и фундаментальным проблемам иммунопатологии заболеваний человека, которые еще предстоит сформулировать. Уникальный опыт, накопленный в ревматологии в процессе изучения патогенетических механизмов и фармакотерапии иммуновоспалительных ревматических заболеваний (ИВРЗ), может иметь немаловажное значение для расшифровки природы патологических процессов, лежащих в основе тяжелых, потенциально смертельных осложнений COVID-19, и, возможно, будет способствовать совершенствованию их терапии. Что касается перспектив пациентов с ИВРЗ, то, хотя развитие COVID-19 при них, к счастью, еще не описано, можно полагать, что инфицирование SARS-CoV-2 (как и другими вирусами) способно вызывать обострение патологического процесса, а тяжелая патология иммунной системы и сопутствующие коморбидные заболевания – утяжелять течение инфекции. Поскольку, согласно современным представлениям, именно «гипериммунный» ответ, а не только действие самого вируса лежит в основе поражения легких и летальности при COVID-19, особое внимание привлекают эффекты «противоревматической» терапии, включающей нестероидные противовоспалительные препараты, глюкокортикоиды, базисные противовоспалительные препараты (БПВП), генно-инженерные биологические препараты и «таргетные» БПВП, которая могут оказывать разнонаправленное влияние на течение COVID-19. Имеются значительные теоретические предпосылки для «репозиционирования» (drug repurposing) некоторых широко применяемых в ревматологии лекарственных препаратов для лечения COVID-19 и его осложнений. Рассматриваются перспективы изучения иммунопатологии COVID 19 и теоретические обоснования применения аминохинолиновых препаратов, моноклональных антител к ИЛ6, а также ингибиторов Янус-киназ для профилактики оcложнений и лечения COVID-19.
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DO  - 
UR  - https://rsp.ima-press.net/rsp/article/view/2860
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - New Coronavirus Infection (Covid-19): Clinical and Epidemiological Aspects ; Новая коронавирусная инфекция (COVID-19): клинико-эпидемиологические аспекты
AU  - V., V. Nikiforov
AU  - G., T. Suranova
AU  - Yu., T. Chernobrovkina
AU  - D., Y. Yankovskaya
AU  - V., S. Burova
AU  - В., В. Никифоров
AU  - Г., Т. Суранова
AU  - Я., Т. Чернобровкина
AU  - Д., Я. Янковская
AU  - В., С. Бурова
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Environmental change, climate warming, population density increase, high migration activity of the population and other factors provoke the emergence and spread of new infections around the world. The emergence in December 2019 of diseases caused by the new coronavirus («coronavirus disease 2019») has already gone down in history as an emergency of international importance. It is known that the most common clinical manifestation of a new infection is pneumonia, and also in a significant part of patients — respiratory distress syndrome. Our article provides a brief analytical review of these temporary guidelines Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation «Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of a New Coronavirus Infection (COVID-19)», version 3 (03.03.20) and other published sources. The team of authors expresses the hope that these data will be useful to doctors in providing medical care to patients with a new coronary virus infection, as well as to teachers in preparing students and residents. Source: Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. Temporary guidelines «Prevention, diagnosis and treatment of new coronavirus infection (COVID-19)», version 4 (27.03.20). Available on: https://static-3.rosminzdrav.ru/system/attachments/attaches/000/049/881/original/COVID19_recomend_v4.pdf ; Изменение окружающей среды, потепление климата, увеличение плотности населения высокая миграционная активность населения и другие факторы провоцируют появление и распространение новых инфекций по всему миру. Появление в декабре 2019 года заболеваний, вызванных новым коронавирусом («coronavirus disease 2019»), уже вошло в историю как чрезвычайная ситуация международного значения. Известно, что наиболее распространенным клиническим проявлением новой инфекции является пневмония, а также у значительной части пациентов — респираторный дистресс-синдром. В нашей статье представлен краткий аналитический обзор данных временных методических рекомендаций Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации «Профилактика, диагностика и лечение новой коронавирусной инфекции (COVID-19)», версия 3 (03.03.20) и других литературных источников. Авторский коллектив выражает надежду, что эти данные будут полезны врачам при оказании медицинской помощи больным новой коронавирусной инфекцией, а также преподавателям при подготовке студентов и ординаторов. Источник: Министерство здравоохранения Российской Федерации. Временные методические рекомендации «Профилактика, диагностика и лечение новой коронавирусной инфекции (COVID-19)», версия 4 (27.03.20). Доступно на: https://static-3.rosminzdrav.ru/system/attachments/attaches/000/049/881/original/COVID19_recomend_v.pdf
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UR  - https://www.medarhive.ru/jour/article/view/1020
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TY  - GEN
TI  - Orientações para a organização das ações no manejo do novo coronavírus (COVID-19) na atenção primária à saúde (versão 2)
AU  - São Paulo Secretaria da, Saúde
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 22-22
SP  - 22
EP  - 22
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/958cf
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TY  - GEN
TI  - Lineamientos técnicos para la alimentación en centros de contención ante la emergencia por la enfermedad covid-19
AU  - Ministerio de, Salud
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - El 31 de diciembre de 2019 la OMS notiï¬có un brote de casos de neumonía de etiología desconocida en Wuhan, China. El agente causal se identiï¬có como un nuevo coronavirus, que está infectando a miles de personas alrededor del mundo. Ante esta situación el gobierno de El Salvador, considerando el alto riesgo para la población, decretó el 23 de enero de 2020, Emergencia Sanitaria por la probable llegada de casos sospechosos de la enfermedad por COVID-19, mediante acuerdo ministerial 301, Diario Oï¬cial n° 15, tomo 426. Entre las estrategias implementadas para la emergencia sanitaria, el país intensiï¬có la vigilancia epidemiológica en puntos autorizados de entrada aérea, terrestre y marítima, para la detección de probables casos sospechosos que puedan ingresar por estas vías. Además, se ha capacitado al personal de salud para la detección, diagnóstico, tratamiento y seguimiento oportuno para los casos sospechosos, así como en los aislamientos y cuarentenas para casos y contactos con el objetivo de disminuir la morbimortalidad en la población salvadoreña. Bajo este contexto se inicia la elaboración de los presentes Lineamientos técnicos de alimentación en centros de contención por COVID-19, considerando que actualmente, no existe un tratamiento nutricional especíï¬co frente a esta enfermedad y que los presentes lineamientos pueden ser actualizados de acuerdo a nuevos descubrimientos respecto al curso natural de la enfermedad. Los lineamientos sobre alimentación están dirigidos a proteger la lactancia materna en los casos que las madres lactantes se infecten por este virus, así como también, proporcionar los requisitos nutricionales y de calidad a cumplir, para la alimentación de las personas que ingresen a los centros de contención. On December 31, 2019, the WHO reported an outbreak of pneumonia cases of unknown etiology in Wuhan, China. The causative agent was identified as a new coronavirus, which is infecting thousands of people around the world. Given this situation, the government of El Salvador, considering the high risk for the population, decreed on January 23, 2020, a Health Emergency due to the probable arrival of cases suspected of the disease by COVID-19, by means of ministerial agreement 301, Official Gazette n ° 15, volume 426. Among the strategies implemented for the sanitary emergency, the country intensified epidemiological surveillance at authorized points of air, land and maritime entry, to the detection of probable suspicious cases that may enter through these channels. In addition, health personnel have been trained in the detection, diagnosis, treatment, and timely follow-up for suspected cases, as well as in isolates and quarantines for cases and contacts with the aim of reducing morbidity and mortality in the Salvadoran population. In this context, the preparation of these technical guidelines for feeding in containment centers by COVID-19 begins, considering that currently, there is no specific nutritional treatment for this disease and that these guidelines can be updated according to new discoveries regarding the natural course of the disease. The guidelines on feeding are aimed at protecting breastfeeding in cases where lactating mothers are infected by this virus, as well as providing nutritional and quality requirements to be met for feeding those who enter the nursing centers. containment.
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SP  - 21
EP  - 21
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UR  - http://asp.salud.gob.sv/regulacion/default.asp http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/bq9sx
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TY  - GEN
TI  - Acuerdo no. 679- Medidas Laborales en el Sistema Nacional Integrado de salud por emergencia del civid-19
AU  - Ministerio de, Salud
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - El Órgano Ejecutivo en el Ramo de Salud, CONSIDERANDO: I. Que de acuerdo a lo establecido en el art. 65 de la Constitución de la República, la salud constituye un bien público, por lo que el Estado y las personas están obligadas a velar por su conservación y mantenimiento. II. Que la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS), ha reconocido que la pandemia por COVID-19 es una emergencia sanitaria y social mundial que requiere una acción efectiva e inmediata de los gobiernos, las personas y las empresas, y que de acuerdo a lo establecido en los artículos 139 y 184 del Código de Salud, el Ministerio de Salud podrá adoptar las medidas necesarias para prevenir el peligro, combatir el daño y evitar la propagación de epidemias, como lo es el COVID-19, así como para la atención integral e inmediata de los afectados. III. Que de acuerdo a Decreto Legislativo n.° 593, del 14 de marzo de 2020, publicado en el Diario Oficial 52, Tomo 426, de la misma fecha, se decretó por parte de la Asamblea Legislativa, Estado de Emergencia Nacional por la pandemia por COVID-19, por el cual se faculta al Ministerio de Salud (MINSAL), a establecer las acciones necesarias para prestar los servicios públicos de salud para evitar la propagación del COVID-19 o Coronavirus, en la población IV. Que de acuerdo a lo establecido en el art. 32 de la Ley del Sistema Nacional Integrado de Salud,corresponde igualmente al Ministerio de Salud, como ente rector, determinar las medidas preventivas y de atención de necesidades provocadas por desastres y emergencias nacionales, las cuales serán de obligatorio cumplimiento de todos los integrantes del Sistema Nacional Integrado de Salud, lo cual relacionado con lo establecido en el art. 4 del Decreto Legislativo mencionado en el Romano III de este acuerdo, que establece que todas las instituciones están obligadas a brindar colaboración y apoyo para la prevención, atención y control de la Pandemia COVID-19, especialmente en materia de salud. V. Que es necesario tener a disposición y en las mejores condiciones posibles, al personal que brinda servicios de atención en los centros hospitalarios, así como se puede volver indispensable, que el personal de salud, de los distintos niveles del Ministerio, o de los otros miembros del Sistema Nacional Integrado de Salud, brinden apoyo en los establecimientos de salud de la Red Pública de Hospitales, a fin de poder atender los potenciales casos de enfermedad por coronavirus. The Executive Body in the Health Branch, CONSIDERING: I. That according to the provisions of art. 65 of the Constitution of the Republic, health constitutes a public good, for which the State and people are obliged to ensure its conservation and maintenance. II. That the World Health Organization (WHO) has recognized that the COVID-19 pandemic is a global health and social emergency that requires effective and immediate action by governments, individuals and companies, and that according to what established in articles 139 and 184 of the Health Code, the Ministry of Health may adopt the necessary measures to prevent danger, combat damage and prevent the spread of epidemics, such as COVID-19, as well as for comprehensive care and immediate of those affected. III. That according to Legislative Decree No. 593, of March 14, 2020, published in the Official Gazette 52, Volume 426, of the same date, it was decreed by the Legislative Assembly, a State of National Emergency due to the pandemic by COVID-19, by which the Ministry of Health (MINSAL) is empowered to establish the necessary actions to provide public health services to prevent the spread of COVID-19 or Coronavirus, in population IV. That according to the provisions of art. 32 of the Law of the Integrated National Health System, it is also the responsibility of the Ministry of Health, as the governing body, to determine preventive measures and care for needs caused by national disasters and emergencies, which will be mandatory for all members of the System National Integrated Health, which related to the provisions of art. 4 of the Legislative Decree mentioned in Roman III of this agreement, which establishes that all institutions are obliged to provide collaboration and support for the prevention, care and control of the COVID-19 Pandemic, especially in matters of health. V. That it is necessary to have available and in the best possible conditions, the personnel who provide care services in hospital centers, as well as it may become essential, that health personnel, from different levels of the Ministry, or from Other members of the National Integrated Health System provide support in the health facilities of the Public Hospital Network, in order to attend to potential cases of coronavirus disease.
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UR  - http://asp.salud.gob.sv/regulacion/default.asp http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/nk3hz
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N1  - 
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TY  - GEN
TI  - Lineamientos técnicos para la prestación de servicios de salud por la atención de cuarentena en los hospitales privados en el contexto de la pandemia covid-19
AU  - Ministerio de, Salud
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - El 31 de diciembre de 2019 la OMS notificó un brote de casos de neumonía de etiología desconocida en Wuhan, provincia de Hubei, China. El agente causal se identificó como un nuevo coronavirus, que está infectando a miles de personas al rededor del mundo. Ante esta situación, el gobierno de El Salvador, considerando el alto riesgo para la población, decretó el 23 de enero de 2020, Emergencia Sanitaria por la probable llegada de casos sospechosos de 2019-nCoV, mediante el Acuerdo Ministerial 301 de esa fecha, publicado en el Diario Oficial n° 15, tomo 426, el cual es aplicable a nivel nacional. El 14 de marzo 2020 la Asamblea Legislativa emite el Decreto Legislativo n.º 593, publicado en el Diario Oficial n.º 52, Tomo n.º 426 en el cual en su articulo 2 ,literal e), inciso segundo, establece que los hospitales privados podrán prestar servicio de salud por la atención de la cuarentena; para tal efecto deberán notificar obligatoriamente a la autoridad competente dichos casos en el tiempo y forma que establece la ley. Lo anterior con base en el articulo 35 literal c), de la Ley de Protección Civil, Prevención y Mitigación de Desastres, y a la Ley del Sistema Nacional Integrado de Salud. On December 31, 2019, the WHO reported an outbreak of pneumonia cases of unknown etiology in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. The causative agent was identified as a new coronavirus, which is infecting thousands of people around the world. Given this situation, the government of El Salvador, considering the high risk to the population, decreed on January 23, 2020, a Health Emergency for the probable arrival of Suspicious cases of 2019-nCoV, through Ministerial Agreement 301 of that date, published in Official Gazette No. 15, volume 426, which is applicable at the national level. On March 14, 2020, the Legislative Assembly issues Legislative Decree No. 593, published in Official Gazette No. 52, Volume No. 426, in which Article 2, paragraph e), second paragraph, establishes that the private hospitals may provide health services for the care of quarantine; for this purpose, they must notify the competent authority of said cases in the time and manner established by law. The above based on article 35 literal c), of the Law on Civil Protection, Prevention and Mitigation of Disasters, and the Law of the National Integrated System of Health
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UR  - http://asp.salud.gob.sv/regulacion/default.asp Edición http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/5s98q
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Lineamientos técnicos para el manejo y disposición final de cadáveres de casos covid-19
AU  - Ministerio de, Salud
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Las directrices para el manejo y disposición final de cadáveres por COVID­2019, requieren de medidas de bioseguridad y precaución estándar encaminadas para este fin y lograr la prevención de esta infección en el personal responsable del manejo y disposición final de cadáveres. Los presentes lineamientos técnicos contienen las actividades que el personal de salud debe cumplir para el manejo y disposición final de cadáveres en los diferentes escenarios, domiciliar, hospitalario y durante el traslado en busca de atención. Asimismo se establecen las indicaciones para la inhumación ante el fallecimiento por caso confirmado o sospecho de COVID-19. Todo lo anterior con el objetivo de proteger la salud de la población en general fortaleciendo la prevención y evitando la transmisibilidad. The guidelines for the management and final disposal of corpses by COVID-2019, require biosecurity measures and standard precaution aimed at this purpose and to achieve the prevention of this infection in the personnel responsible for the management and final disposal of corpses. These technical guidelines contain the activities that health personnel must comply with for the handling and final disposal of corpses in the different scenarios, domiciliary, hospital and during the transfer in search of care. Likewise, the indications for burial upon death are established due to a confirmed or suspected case of COVID-19. All of the above with the aim of protecting the health of the general population by strengthening prevention and avoiding transmissibility.
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UR  - http://asp.salud.gob.sv/regulacion/default.asp http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/rz3va
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Lineamientos técnicos para el manejo de pacientes con enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles y personas adultas mayores durante estado de emergencia por enfermedad covid-19 en el primer nivel de atención
AU  - Ministerio de, Salud
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - La enfermedad por COVID-19 es considerada por la OMS como una emergencia de salud pública de importancia internacional (ESPII), por lo cual es de notificación inmediata y obligatoria de acuerdo con la recomendación del Comité de Emergencia del Reglamento Sanitario Internacional (2005), y por el Código de Salud (sección 21: Enfermedades de declaración obligatoria). En ausencia al momento actual de una vacuna y/o de tratamiento específico efectivos, las estrategias de contención de la epidemia se centran en los siguientes aspectos: a) Disminución de la diseminación en pacientes susceptibles b) Identificación temprana de caso probable c) Identificación precoz de casos confirmados, para limitar la extensión y severidad del daño. En este contexto, las acciones de educación y prevención, con involucramiento de los pacientes, sus familiares y el personal de atención a la salud son de máxima relevancia. De acuerdo con información generada en el abordaje de la epidemia en China, donde inició la enfermedad por COVID-19, muestra que algunas personas tienen mayor riesgo de enfermar severamente. Entre ellas se incluyen: Personas adultas mayores independientemente de su condición de salud) y Personas con condiciones médicas crónicas como: o Enfermedades cardiovasculares o Diabetes o Enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica o Insuficiencia renal crónica, principalmente con requerimientos de terapia dialítica o Cáncer (énfasis en pacientes recibiendo tratamiento) o Que han recibido trasplante de órganos o Que están en terapia inmunosupresora. De esa manera en los presentes lineamientos se detallan las actividades a realizar por el personal de salud para la atención de personas con enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles y personas adultas mayores en los establecimientos de salud del primer nivel de atención, en el marco de la emergencia nacional por enfermedad COVID-19. The disease by COVID-19 is considered by the WHO as a public health emergency of international importance (ESPII), for which it is immediately and compulsory notification in accordance with the recommendation of the Emergency Committee of the International Health Regulations (2005), and by the Health Code (section 21: Notifiable diseases). In the absence of an effective vaccine and / or specific treatment at the present time, the epidemic containment strategies focus on the following aspects: a) Decreased spread in susceptible patients b) Early identification of probable case c) Early identification of confirmed cases, to limit the extent and severity of the damage. In this context, the actions of education and prevention, with the involvement of patients, their families and health care personnel are of utmost importance. According to information generated in addressing the epidemic in China, where the disease caused by COVID-19 began, it shows that some people have a higher risk of becoming seriously ill. These include: Elderly people regardless of their health condition) and People with chronic medical conditions such as: o Cardiovascular diseases o Diabetes o Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease o Chronic kidney failure, mainly with dialysis therapy requirements o Cancer (emphasis on patients receiving treatment) o Who have received an organ transplant o Who are on immunosuppressive therapy. Thus, these guidelines detail the activities to be carried out by health personnel to care for people with chronic non-communicable diseases and older adults in health facilities of the first level of care, within the framework of the national emergency. due to COVID-19 disease.
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UR  - http://asp.salud.gob.sv/regulacion/default.asp http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/yjdtu
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N1  - 
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TY  - GEN
TI  - Lineamientos técnicos para la entrega domiciliar de medicamentos a usuarios de Farmacias Especializadas del minsal, en el marco de la emergencia por covid-19
AU  - Ministerio de, Salud
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - La situación generada por la pandemia de COVID-19 exige la adopción de medidas que incrementen la protección de la salud de las personas, en busca de disminuir el flujo de personas ante la emisión del decreto ejecutivo No. 12 del Órgano Ejecutivo en el ramo de salud, relativo a la cuarentena domiciliar anunciada por el Señor Presidente de la República de El Salvador. Ante la emergencia nacional por COVID-19, se establecen las siguientes disposiciones para la entrega domiciliar de medicamentos a pacientes con enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles con recetas repetitivas, emitidas en hospitales de referencia de las Farmacias Especializadas, con propósito disminuir la afluencia de pacientes en los establecimientos de salud en el contexto de la pandemia. Este esfuerzo será realizado en coordinación con Correos de El Salvador para garantizar el abastecimiento de medicamentos a los usuarios de las Farmacias Especializadas del país, por lo que es fundamental disponer de lineamientos que aseguren la correcta distribución domiciliar, para asegurar la calidad de los cuidados y disminuir el riesgo potencial de contagiarse de COVID-19, sin descuidar el abastecimiento de medicamentos para las personas con patologías crónicas. The situation generated by the COVID-19 pandemic requires the adoption of measures that increase the protection of people&#039;s health, seeking to decrease the flow of people due to the issuance of Executive Decree No. 12 of the Executive Branch in the field of health, relative to the household quarantine announced by the President of the Republic of El Salvador. In the face of the national emergency for COVID-19, the following provisions are established for the home delivery of medications to patients with chronic non-communicable diseases with repetitive prescriptions, issued in reference hospitals of Specialized Pharmacies, with the purpose of reducing the influx of patients in the health facilities in the context of the pandemic. This effort will be carried out in coordination with Correos de El Salvador to guarantee the supply of medicines to users of the country&#039;s Specialized Pharmacies, for which reason it is essential to have guidelines that ensure the correct distribution at home, to ensure the quality of care and decrease the potential risk of getting COVID-19, without neglecting the supply of medicines for people with chronic diseases.
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SP  - 17
EP  - 17
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UR  - http://asp.salud.gob.sv/regulacion/default.asp http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/jnje7
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N1  - 
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TY  - GEN
TI  - Tiempo de vida del sars-covid-2 en superficies inertes y el uso de desinfectante como medida de prevención del covid-19
AU  - Instituto Nacional de, Salud
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 1.Estimaciones del tiempo de vida del SARS-Cov-2 en superficies inertes Muchos estudios han demostrado la supervivencia del virus causante del COVID-19. Este virus puede transmitirse de humano a humano a través de contacto con partículas de saliva u otro fluido infectado. El virus es estable en las heces y la orina a temperatura ambiente entre 1 o 3 días1,2. El virus es más estable (hasta 4 días) en las heces de pacientes con diarrea debido a que esta tiene un pH más alto que las heces normales2. El coronavirus puede sobrevivir en suero, esputo y heces durante 4 días1. La transmisión de SARS-CoV-2 en aerosol y fomita es plausible, ya que el virus puede permanecer viable e infeccioso en aerosoles durante horas y en superficies hasta varios días (dependiendo de la superficie). La supervivencia del coronavirus durante días en superficies táctiles es un riesgo de higiene, ya que es difícil evitar tocar fómites como manijas de puertas, pasamanos de cama y escaleras, pantallas táctiles públicas, etc.3. En el aire el virus puede vivir hasta 3 horas. En plástico y acero inoxidable puede vivir entre 4 y 72 horas. En cobre hasta 4 horas y en cartón hasta 24 horas1,4,5. La supervivencia en cerámicas y vidrio es de 4 a 5 días1,4. El virus sobrevive entre 2 y 5 días en madera y hasta 5 días en papel1,6. En tela puede sobrevivir hasta 2 días y en papel de impresión y papel higiénico hasta 3 horas6. En una mascarilla quirúrgica el virus puede sobrevivir hasta 7 dias6. 1.SARS-Cov-2 lifetime estimates on inert surfaces Many studies have shown the survival of the virus that causes COVID-19. This virus can be transmitted from human to human through contact with particles of saliva or other infected fluid. The virus is stable in faeces and urine at room temperature for 1 to 3 days1,2. The virus is more stable (up to 4 days) in the stools of patients with diarrhea because it has a higher pH than normal stools2. The coronavirus can survive in serum, sputum and faeces for 4 days1. Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 by aerosol and fomite is plausible, since the virus can remain viable and infectious in aerosols for hours and on surfaces for up to several days (depending on the surface). Survival of the coronavirus for days on touch surfaces is a hygiene risk, since it is difficult to avoid touching fomites such as door handles, bed and stair handrails, public touch screens, etc. 3. In the air the virus can live up to 3 hours. In plastic and stainless steel it can live between 4 and 72 hours. In copper up to 4 hours and in cardboard up to 24 hours1,4,5. Survival in ceramics and glass is 4 to 5 days1,4. The virus survives between 2 and 5 days on wood and up to 5 days on paper1,6. On fabric it can survive up to 2 days and on printing paper and toilet paper up to 3 hours6. The virus can survive up to 7 days in a surgical mask6.
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EP  - 3
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UR  - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/4ga2d
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - GEN
TI  - Desinfección del equipo de protección personal en la atención sanitaria de la pandemia covid-19
AU  - El Salvador. Ministerio de Salud. Instituto Nacional de, Salud
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A medida que la pandemia COVID-19 se acelera, los sistemas de salud a nivel mundial se han saturado con pacientes que buscan una atención rápida y eficiente. La prevención de la propagación del virus entre los trabajadores de la salud (PS) y los pacientes depende del uso efectivo de equipos de protección personal (EPP), como guantes, mascarillas, gafas protectoras, protectores faciales, cofias, protectores de calzado y batas. Debido a la magnitud del problema, se prevé una escasez de EPP, convirtiéndose en uno de los principales problemas en la atención de la pandemia. Un aumento en el suministro de EPP requiere un gran aumento en el proceso de fabricación, un proceso que requiere de mucho tiempo y recursos, sin embargo, el número de enfermos aumenta en una velocidad alarmante. En vista de esta situación, la comunidad científica comenzó a generar recomendaciones sobre las posibles soluciones, entre estas se pueden mencionar: la reorientación de material de protección que se utiliza en otras áreas como construcción, laboratorios de investigación, salones de belleza, dentistas, veterinarios y granjas, a los servicios de salud1. Otras propuestas están orientadas a la reutilización del EPP previo a un proceso de esterilización. Para esto se propone la utilización de óxido de etileno, radiación UV o gamma, ozono y alcohol. Otras propuestas son la impregnación de las mascarillas con cobre o cloruro de sodio. Muchos científicos han reconocido que estos métodos de esterilización pueden comprometer la integridad estructural del EPP degradando las fibras de las máscaras y respiradores perdiendo su eficacia en el filtrado de partículas virales1. Otros planteamientos han descrito la utilización de EPP de tela, esto facilita su limpieza y desifección para su reutilzación segura, tal como se realizaba en épocas anteriores2. Este documento presenta las recomendaciones dadas hasta la fecha para la esterilización del EPP, en caso sea pertinente, ya que en algunos elementos la esterilización no es recomendada ya que compromete la capacidad de protección de los elementos, poniendo en riesgo la salud del personal de salud. As the COVID-19 pandemic accelerates, healthcare systems worldwide have become saturated with patients seeking prompt and efficient care. Prevention of the spread of the virus among healthcare workers (PS) and patients depends on the effective use of personal protective equipment (PPE), such as gloves, masks, goggles, face shields, caps, shoe protectors, and gowns. . Due to the magnitude of the problem, a shortage of EPP is anticipated, becoming one of the main problems in the attention of the pandemic. An increase in the supply of PPE requires a great increase in the manufacturing process, a process that requires a lot of time and resources, however, the number of patients increases at an alarming rate. In view of this situation, the scientific community began to generate recommendations on possible solutions, among these we can mention: the reorientation of protective material that is used in other areas such as construction, research laboratories, beauty salons, dentists, veterinarians and farms, to health services1. Other proposals are aimed at reusing the PPE prior to a sterilization process. For this, the use of ethylene oxide, UV or gamma radiation, ozone and alcohol is proposed. Other proposals are the impregnation of the masks with copper or sodium chloride. Many scientists have recognized that these sterilization methods can compromise the structural integrity of EPP by degrading the fibers of the masks and respirators, losing their effectiveness in filtering viral particles1. Other approaches have described the use of fabric PPE, this facilitates its cleaning and disinfection for its safe reuse, as was done in previous times2. This document presents the recommendations given to date for the sterilization of PPE, if applicable, since in some elements sterilization is not recommended as it compromises the protection capacity of the elements, putting the health of health personnel at risk. .
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UR  - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/2c8kh
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - The prevention, diagnosis and treatment of the new coronavirus infection 2019-nCoV. Temporary guidelines Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation ; Профилактика, диагностика и лечение новой коронавирусной инфекции 2019-nCoV. Временные методические рекомендации Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации
AU  - Editorial, article
AU  - Редакционная, статья
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The difficult tasks of rapid diagnosis and clinical management of patients with this infection have been set for health care professionals and physicians with the emergence of diseases caused by the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in December, 2019. At present time, there is limited information on epidemiology, clinical features, prevention and treatment of this disease. It is known that the most common clinical manifestation of the novel variant of coronavirus infection is pneumonia, the significant patients number have registered the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome. These recommendations in the document are largely based on evidence published by the World Health Organization, the Chinese and American Centers for Disease Control, the European Center for Disease Control specialists, and materials on the treatment and prevention of this infection. The guidelines are intended for physicians at infectious disease treatment and prevention facilities, as well as intensive care physicians at the intensive care departments of the infectious hospital.Adopted from: Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. Temporary guidelines for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of the new coronavirus infection 2019-nCoV. Edition 1 (29.01.20). Available on the website: https://www.rosminzdrav.ru/news/2020/01/30/13236-vremennye-metodicheskie-rekomendatsii-po-profilaktike-diagnostike-i-lecheniyu-novoy-koronavirusnoy-infektsii-2019-ncov ; С появлением в декабре 2019 г. заболеваний, вызванных новым коронавирусом (2019-nCoV), перед специалистами в области охраны здравоохранения и врачами поставлены трудные задачи, связанные с быстрой диагностикой и клиническим ведением пациентов c этой инфекцией. В настоящее время сведения об эпидемиологии, клинических особенностях, профилактике и лечении этого заболевания ограничены. Известно, что наиболее распространенным клиническим проявлением нового варианта коронавирусной инфекции является пневмония, у значительного числа пациентов зарегистрировано развитие острого респираторного дистресс-синдрома. Рекомендации, представленные в документе, в значительной степени базируются на фактических данных, опубликованных специалистами Всемирной организации здравоохранения, китайского и американского центров по контролю над заболеваемостью, Европейского центра по контролю над заболеваемостью, в материалах по лечению и профилактике этой инфекции. Методические рекомендации предназначены для врачей лечебно-профилактических учреждений инфекционного профиля, а также врачей-реаниматологов отделений интенсивной терапии инфекционного стационара.Источник: Министерство здравоохранения Российской Федерации. Временные методические рекомендации по профилактике, диагностике и лечению новой коронавирусной инфекции 2019-nCoV. Версия 1 (29.01.20). Доступно на: https://www.rosminzdrav.ru/news/2020/01/30/13236-vremennye-metodicheskie-rekomendatsii-po-profilaktike-diagnostike-i-lecheniy -novoy-koronavirusnoy-infektsii-2019-ncov
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UR  - https://journal.pulmonology.ru/pulm/article/view/1249
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N1  - 
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TY  - GEN
TI  - Informe diário de evidências Covid-19: busca realizada entre 10 a 12 de abril de 2020: 42 estudos e 17 protocolos encontrados
AU  - Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Ciência, Tecnologia e Insumos Estratégicos em Saúde
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
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UR  - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/mw3av
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Screening for novel coronavirus related conjunctivitis among the patients with corona virus disease-19]
AU  - Lan, Q. Q.
AU  - Zeng, S. M.
AU  - Liao, X.
AU  - Xu, F.
AU  - Qi, H.
AU  - Li, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: Screening for novel coronavirus related conjunctivitis among the patients with coronavirus disease-19. Methods: Prospective series case study. Eighty-one patients diagnosed as coronavirus disease-19 in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Hospital were enrolled with ophthalmological consultation screening for novel coronavirus related conjunctivitis, including the inquiring of eye symptoms and checking for conjunctivitis-related signs. Conjunctival swab novel coronavirus nucleic acid test was performed on patients with clinical manifestation of conjunctivitis. Results: Only 3 of the 81 patients (3.70%) complained of eye discomfort, which appeared on the day 16.67±9.29 after the diagnosis of coronavirus disease-19. The eye signs did not meet the characteristics of viral conjunctivitis. Bilateral conjunctival swab novel coronavirus nucleic acid tests were negative. There was no evidence to support the diagnosis of novel coronavirus related conjunctivitis. Screening of clinical symptoms and signs of conjunctivitis in the remaining 78 patients showed no significant abnormalities. Conclusions: There wasn't any novel coronavirus related conjunctivitis in 81 patients with coronavirus disease-19.(Chin J Ophthalmol, 2020, 56:).
JO  - [Zhonghua yan ke za zhi] Chinese journal of ophthalmology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 56
IS  - 0
PG  - E009-E009
SP  - E009
EP  - E009
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112142-20200322-00213
UR  - 
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Clinical analysis of 150 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus infection in Nanyang City, Henan Province]
AU  - Sun, C.
AU  - Zhang, X. B.
AU  - Dai, Y.
AU  - Xu, X. Z.
AU  - Zhao, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and clinical features of the patients with 2019-nCoV infection in Nanyang City, so as to provide evidence for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods: The epidemiology, clinical symptoms, atory and radiologic data of 150 patients with 2019-nCoV infection admitted to the designated hospitals in Nanyang City from January 24,2020 to February 16, 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Results: The 150 patients with 2019 nCov infection consisted of 67 men and 83 women, and the median age was 45±16 years; 69 of them were the first generation case,60 of them were the second generation case, 6 of them were the third generation case,the median incubation period of the first generation case was 5.4±2.2 days, and the second generation case was 6.7±3.1 days, and the first-generation cases are the majority in severe patients (69%) . The most common basic disease was hypertension (13 cases, 9%), diabetes (9 cases, 6%), and the most common symptom is fever(142 cases, 95%, 63% showed moderate fever) , cough and sputum(108 cases,72%), fatigue(23 cases,15%), anorexia(20 cases, 13%), headache, diarrhea, muscle soreness, sore throat as the first symptoms. The average time from onset of symptoms to consultation was 4.2±2.2 days for all patients. The changes in peripheral blood cells were mainly lymphonpenia (83 cases, 55%) and eosinophilia (95 cases, 63%), The lymphocyte count of the severe and critically ill patients was more significantly reduced, and some patients had increased myocardial enzymes, mainly LDH (47 cases, 31%), and a few patients had liver function damage, mainly manifested in ALT and AST. High, very few patients have renal impairment. Among the inflammation-related indicators, the main manifestations are increased CRP (66 cases, 43%) and ESR (86 cases, 57%), elevated D-Dimer in 29% of patients. 144 cases have different degrees of infective lesions in chest CT examination, with 30 cases (21%) on one side and 144 cases (79%) on both sides. Morphologically, most of the lesions were patchy ground glass lesions, which could be accompanied by air bronchus signs and some consolidation and paving stone signs. Of the cases showing "white lung", 87% were sever ill or critically ill. After active treatment, 45% of patients were discharged according to discharge standards. 33% of sever and critically ill patients were discharged, 49% of them were degraded hospitalization.The average length of hospitalization was 12±4 days. Conclusion: A history of epidemiological exposure, fever, chest CT with signs of pneumonia, normal or decreased WBC, and lymphocytopenia, eosinophilia are the clinical basis for the diagnosis of this disease, and most of the sever patients were the first generation cases. The degree of lymphocytopenia is related to the severity of the disease.
JO  - Zhonghua jie he he hu xi za zhi = Zhonghua jiehe he huxi zazhi = Chinese journal of tuberculosis and respiratory diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 0
PG  - E042-E042
SP  - E042
EP  - E042
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20200224-00168
UR  - 
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Expert consensus on sleep study and non-invasive positive airway pressure therapy during the epidemic of coronavirus disease 2019]
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is mainly transmitted through respiratory droplets, close unprotected contact, and intense aerosols-generating procedures. Sleep study and non-invasive positive airway pressure (NIPAP) therapy can increase the risk of exposure and transmission of new coronaviruses to medical staff and patients. China's national epidemic control has entered a critical stage of overall prevention and control together with the restoration of normal medical care delivery. Based on the characteristics of sleep-disordered breathing, this consensus elaborates on the recommendations from the following four aspects that include patient and medical staff education, optimization of diagnostic and treatment protocols, sterilization of medical devices and the environment, and control of hospital-acquired infection. It is emphasized that the indications for sleep study and NIPAP should be strictly defined according to the local epidemic situation. Portable home sleep study and auto-titration positive airway pressure is recommended. The applications of disposable nasal pressure transducer for sleep study and disposable or personal masks and ventilator tubing for NIPAP are strongly suggested. Moreover, it is necessary to standardize the procedure of NIPAP, to separate the functional divisions in sleep lab, to comply with the protection regulations for medical personnel, and to strengthen the cleaning and disinfection management.
JO  - Zhonghua jie he he hu xi za zhi = Zhonghua jiehe he huxi zazhi = Chinese journal of tuberculosis and respiratory diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 0
PG  - E043-E043
SP  - E043
EP  - E043
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20200309-00283
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Replication and transmission mechanisms of highly pathogenic human coronaviruses]
AU  - He, Yeyan
AU  - Zheng, Chanying
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The three known human highly pathogenic coronaviruses are severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, (MERS-CoV), and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Human highly pathogenic coronaviruses are composed of non-structural proteins, structural proteins and accessory proteins. Viral particles recognize host receptors via spike glycoprotein (S protein), enter host cells by membrane fusion, replicate in host cells through large replication-transcription complexes, and promote proliferation by interfering with and suppressing the host's immune response. Human highly pathogenic coronaviruses are hosted by humans and vertebrates. Viral particles are transmitted through droplets, contact and aerosols or likely through digestive tract, urine, eyes and other routes. This review discusses the mechanisms of proliferation and transmission of highly pathogenic human coronaviruses based on the results of existing research, providing basis for future study on interrupting the transmission and pathogenicity of human highly pathogenic coronaviruses.
JO  - Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 49
IS  - 1
PG  - 0-0
SP  - 0
EP  - 0
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - “The COVID-19 Generation”: A Cautionary Note
AU  - Rudolph, Cort W.
AU  - Zacher, Hannes
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>With COVID-19 presenting as a global pandemic, we have noticed an emerging rhetoric concerning “the COVID-19 Generation,” both anecdotally and across various media outlets. The narratives advanced to support such rhetoric have distinct implications for the study of work, aging, and retirement. In this commentary, we review this emerging issue and present evidence against attempts to define “the COVID-19 Generation” as a new construct along conceptual, methodological, as well as practical lines, with a specific focus on identifying real dangers associated with investigating and potentially managing a new generation associated with this pandemic. We strongly caution against the adoption of “the COVID-19 Generation” as a concept of study and instead offer several suggestions to researchers, organizations, and practitioners seeking answers to complicated questions about links between COVID-19 and various processes relevant to work, aging, and retirement during this time of uncertainty.</p>
JO  - Work, Aging and Retirement
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/workar/waaa009
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/workar/advance-article/doi/10.1093/workar/waaa009/5820879
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Clinical Study of Noninvasive Assessment of Lung Lesions in Patients with Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) by Bedside Ultrasound
AU  - Lu, Wuzhu
AU  - Zhang, Shushan
AU  - Chen, Binghui
AU  - Chen, Jiaxin
AU  - Xian, Jianzhong
AU  - Lin, Yuhong
AU  - Shan, Hong
AU  - Su, Zhong Zhen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - PURPOSE:  This study was conducted to explore the clinical value of noninvasive assessment of bedside ultrasound in the diagnosis of lung lesions of Coronavirus Disease-19. METHODS:  In this retrospective study, 30 patients with Coronavirus Disease-19 admitted to our hospital from January 18 to February 5, 2020, were selected as the research subjects. All cases were examined by lung ultrasound and CT. Lung lesions were reviewed by blinded observers, with imaging scores being used to analyze the ultrasound findings of lung lesions in patients with Coronavirus Disease-19 and with chest CT being used as the reference standard. The clinical value of ultrasound in the noninvasive assessment of lung lesions was evaluated. RESULTS:  Lung ultrasound signs in patients with Coronavirus Disease-19 were mainly manifested as interstitial pulmonary edema (90.0 %, 27/30) and pulmonary consolidations (20.0 %, 6/30). The lung lesions were mainly distributed in the subpleural and peripheral pulmonary zones. The lower lobe and the dorsal region had a greater tendency to be involved. There was moderate agreement (Kappa = 0.529) between the noninvasive assessment of bedside ultrasound for lung lesions in patients with Coronavirus Disease-19 and CT. The ultrasound scores to evaluate mild, moderate and severe lung lesions exhibited sensitivity of 68.8 % (11/16), 77.8 % (7/9), 100.0 % (2/2), specificity of 85.7 % (12/14), 76.2 % (16/21), 92.9 % (26/28), and diagnostic accuracy of 76.7 % (23/30), 76.7 % (23/30), 93.3 % (28/30), respectively. The follow-up dynamic ultrasound examination showed that the condition of all patients worsened gradually, with the ultrasound scores of lung lesions increasing to varying degrees. CONCLUSION:  Though the diagnostic efficacy of bedside ultrasound is relatively low for mild to moderate patients, it is high for severe patients. Bedside ultrasound has important clinical significance for noninvasive assessment and dynamic observation of lung lesions in patients with Coronavirus Disease-19, which is worth further consideration.
JO  - Ultraschall in der Medizin (Stuttgart, Germany : 1980)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1055/a-1154-8795
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Benefits, Open questions and Challenges of the use of Ultrasound in the COVID-19 pandemic era. The views of a panel of worldwide international experts
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Ultraschall in der Medizin (Stuttgart, Germany : 1980)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1055/a-1149-9872
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - HLA studies in the context of coronavirus outbreaks
AU  - Sanchez-Mazas, Alicia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Swiss medical weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 150
IS  - 
PG  - w20248-w20248
SP  - w20248
EP  - w20248
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4414/smw.2020.20248
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and spinal cord injury and disease: results of an international survey
AU  - Stillman, Michael D.
AU  - Capron, Maclain
AU  - Alexander, Marcalee
AU  - Di Giusto, Melina Longoni
AU  - Scivoletto, Giorgio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - STUDY DESIGN: An online survey. OBJECTIVES: To query the international spinal cord medicine community's engagement with and response to the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic and to assess pandemic-specific information needs and patient concerns. SETTING: An international collaboration of authors and participants. METHODS: Two near-identical surveys (one English and one Spanish language) were distributed via the internet. Responses from those questions shared between the surveys were pooled then analyzed; four questions' responses (those not shared) were analyzed separately. RESULTS: A total of 783 responses were submitted from six continents. Few participants (5.8%) had tested their outpatients with SCI/D for COVID-19; only 4.4% reported having a patient with SCI/D with the virus. Of respondents who worked at an inpatient facility, 53.3% reported that only individuals with symptoms were being screened and 29.9% said that no screening was occurring. Participants relayed several concerns offered by their patients with SCI/D, including vulnerability to infection (76.9%) and fragility of caretaker supply (42%), and those living in countries with guaranteed health care were more likely to report widespread availability of COVID-19 testing than were those living in countries without universal care, χ(2) (3, N = 625) = 46.259, p < 0.001. CONCLUSION: There is substantial variability in the rehabilitation medicine community in COVID-19 screening practices and availability of screening kits. People living with SCI/D are expressing legitimate and real concerns about their vulnerability to COVID-19. More and rapid work is needed to address these concerns and to standardize best-practice protocols throughout the rehabilitation community.
JO  - Spinal cord series and cases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 6
IS  - 1
PG  - 21-21
SP  - 21
EP  - 21
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41394-020-0275-8
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: fear appeal favoring purchase behavior towards personal protective equipment
AU  - Addo, Prince Clement
AU  - Jiaming, Fang
AU  - Kulbo, Nora Bakabbey
AU  - Liangqiang, Li
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The 2019 novel coronavirus is a non-segmented positive-sense RNA virus belonging to the Coronaviridae-Nidovirales family. We examined the swings in purchase behavior following the outbreak of the C...
JO  - The Service Industries Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-20
SP  - 1
EP  - 20
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/02642069.2020.1751823
UR  - https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/02642069.2020.1751823
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Initial impacts of global risk mitigation measures taken during the combatting of the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Bruinen de Bruin, Yuri
AU  - Lequarre, Anne-Sophie
AU  - McCourt, Josephine
AU  - Clevestig, Peter
AU  - Pigazzani, Filippo
AU  - Zare Jeddi, Maryam
AU  - Colosio, Claudio
AU  - Goulart, Margarida
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This paper presents an analysis of risk mitigation measures taken by countries around the world facing the current COVID-19 outbreak. In light of the current pandemic the authors collated and clustered (using harmonised terminology) the risk mitigation measures taken around the globe in the combat to contain, and since March 11 2020, to limit the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus known to cause the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This overview gathers lessons learnt, providing an update on the current knowledge for authorities, sectors and first responders on the effectiveness of said measures, and may allow enhanced prevention, preparedness and response for future outbreaks. Various measures such as mobility restrictions, physical distancing, hygienic measures, socio-economic restrictions, communication and international support mechanisms have been clustered and are reviewed in terms of the nature of the actions taken and their qualitative early-perceived impact. At the time of writing, it is still too premature to express the quantitative effectiveness of each risk mitigation cluster, but it seems that the best mitigation results are reported when applying a combination of voluntary and enforceable measures.
JO  - Safety science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 104773-104773
SP  - 104773
EP  - 104773
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.ssci.2020.104773
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Exercising in times of COVID-19: what do experts recommend doing within four walls?]
AU  - Rodríguez, Miguel Ángel
AU  - Crespo, Irene
AU  - Olmedillas, Hugo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Revista espanola de cardiologia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.recesp.2020.04.002
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Whether to make decisions "on the fly" regarding treatment for SARS-CoV-2 infection]
AU  - de Medrano, V. Abril López
AU  - de Lucas, E. Merino
AU  - Salavert Lletí, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Revista clinica espanola
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.rce.2020.04.004
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Treatment of the COVID-19 pandemic: Preventing a missed opportunity]
AU  - Corral Gudino, L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Revista clinica espanola
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.rce.2020.04.005
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Inner Workings: Molecular biologists offer "wartime service" in the effort to test for COVID-19
AU  - McDermott, Amy
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1073/pnas.2006240117
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Hydroxychloroquine and covid-19
AU  - Sinha, Neeraj
AU  - Balayla, Galit
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine are medications that have been used for a long time. Their most common use is for the treatment and prophylaxis of malaria. However, these antimalarial drugs are known to also have anti-inflammatory and antiviral effects and are used for several chronic diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus with low adverse effects. The antiviral action of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine has been a point of interest to different researchers due to its mechanism of action. Several in vitro studies have proven their effectiveness on severe acute respiratory syndrome virus and currently both in vitro and in vivo studies have been conducted on 2019 novel coronavirus (covid-19). The purpose of this article is to review the history and mechanism of actions of these drugs and the potential use they can have on the current covid-19 pandemic.
JO  - Postgraduate medical journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/postgradmedj-2020-137785
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Pandemic Exposes Clear Opportunities for Population Health in the United States
AU  - Kaminski, Mitchell
AU  - Skoufalos, Alexis
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Population Health Management
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - pop.2020.0071-pop.2020.0071
SP  - pop.2020.0071
EP  - pop.2020.0071
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1089/pop.2020.0071
UR  - https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/pop.2020.0071
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Responsibilities of Weaning Centers during the COVID-19 Pandemic Outbreak - Recommendations for the Assignment of ICU Capacities in COVID-19 Patients as shown by the Berlin-Brandenburg POST-SAVE-Model]
AU  - Wiesner, B.
AU  - Bachmann, M.
AU  - Blum, T. G.
AU  - Forchheim, S.
AU  - Geiseler, J.
AU  - Kassin, A.
AU  - Kretzschmar, E.
AU  - Weber-Carstens, S.
AU  - Westhoff, M.
AU  - Witzenrath, M.
AU  - Grohé, C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The enormous increase in patients with severe respiratory distress due to the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak requires a systematic approach to optimize ventilated patient at risk flow. A standardised algorithm called "SAVE" was developed to distribute patients with COVID-19 respiratory distress syndrome requiring invasive ventilation. This program is established by now in Berlin. An instrumental bottleneck of this approach is the vacant slot assignment in the intensive care unit to guarantee constant patient flow. The transfer of the patients after acute care treatment is needed urgently to facilitate the weaning process. In a next step we developed a triage algorithm to identify patients at SAVE intensive care units with potential to wean and transfer to weaning institutions - we called POST SAVE. This manuscript highlights the algorithms including the use of a standardised digital evaluation tool, the use of trained navigators to facilitate the communication between SAVE intensive care units and weaning institutions and the establishment of a prospective data registry for patient assignment and reevaluation of the weaning potential in the future.
JO  - Pneumologie (Stuttgart, Germany)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1055/a-1153-9710
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Association between platelet parameters and mortality in coronavirus disease 2019: Retrospective cohort study
AU  - Liu, Yanli
AU  - Sun, Wenwu
AU  - Guo, Yanan
AU  - Chen, Liangkai
AU  - Zhang, Lijuan
AU  - Zhao, Su
AU  - Long, Ding
AU  - Yu, Li
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background: Thrombocytopenia has been implicated in patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, while the association of platelet count and changes with subsequent mortality remains unclear.Methods: The clinical and laboratory data of 383 patients with the definite outcome by March 1, 2020 in the Central Hospital of Wuhan were reviewed. The association between platelet parameters and mortality risk was estimated by utilizing Cox proportional hazard regression models.Results: Among the 383 patients, 334 (87.2%) were discharged and survived, and 49 (12.8%) died. Thrombocytopenia at admission was associated with mortality of almost three times as high as that for those without thrombocytopenia (P < 0.05). Cox regression analyses revealed that platelet count was an independent risk factor associated with in-hospital mortality in a dose-dependent manner. An increment of per 50 × 10(9)/L in platelets was associated with a 40% decrease in mortality (hazard ratio: 0.60, 95%CI: 0.43, 0.84). Dynamic changes of platelets were also closely related to death during hospitalization.Conclusions: Baseline platelet levels and changes were associated with subsequent mortality. Monitoring platelets during hospitalization may be important in the prognosis of patients with coronavirus disease in 2019.
JO  - Platelets
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-7
SP  - 1
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/09537104.2020.1754383
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Management of Infantile Hemangiomas during the COVID Pandemic
AU  - Frieden, Ilona J.
AU  - Püttgen, Katherine B.
AU  - Drolet, Beth A.
AU  - Garzon, Maria C.
AU  - Chamlin, Sarah L.
AU  - Pope, Elena
AU  - Mancini, Anthony J.
AU  - Lauren, Christine T.
AU  - Mathes, Erin F.
AU  - Siegel, Dawn H.
AU  - Gupta, Deepti
AU  - Haggstrom, Anita N.
AU  - Tollefson, Megha M.
AU  - Baselga, Eulalia
AU  - Morel, Kimberly D.
AU  - Shah, Sonal D.
AU  - Holland, Kristen E.
AU  - Adams, Denise M.
AU  - Horii, Kimberly A.
AU  - Newell, Brandon D.
AU  - Powell, Julie
AU  - McCuaig, Catherine C.
AU  - Nopper, Amy J.
AU  - Metry, Denise W.
AU  - Maguiness, Sheilagh
AU  - Group, The Hemangioma Investigator
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant shifts in patient care including a steep decline in ambulatory visits and a marked increase in the use of telemedicine. Infantile hemangiomas can require urgent evaluation and risk stratification to determine which infants need treatment and which can be managed with continued observation. For those requiring treatment, prompt initiation decreases morbidity and improves long-term outcomes. The Hemangioma Investigator Group has created consensus recommendations for management of infantile hemangiomas via telemedicine. FDA/EMA approved monitoring guidelines, clinical practice guidelines and relevant, up-to-date publications regarding initiation and monitoring of beta-blocker therapy were used to inform the recommendations. Clinical decision-making guidelines about when telehealth is an appropriate alternative to in-office visits, including medication initiation, dosage changes, and ongoing evaluation are included. The importance of communication with caregivers in the context of telemedicine is discussed and online resources for both hemangioma education and for propranolol therapy provided.
JO  - Pediatric Dermatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/pde.14196
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/pde.14196
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Our Most Powerful Weapon to Fight COVID-19: Patient Involvement
AU  - Pitts, Peter J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Patient - Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-1
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s40271-020-00421-y
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s40271-020-00421-y
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Oculoplastic surgery practice during the COVID-19 novel coronavirus pandemic: experience sharing from Hong Kong
AU  - Mak, Shiu Ting
AU  - Yuen, Hunter Kl
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - At present, all parts of the world are hit hard by COVID-19. The first confirmed case of COVID-19 in the territory of Hong Kong was announced on January 23, 2020. Since then, oculoplastic surgeons in Hong Kong have been taking every measure to protect all healthcare workers and patients from contracting the disease. This paper aims to share the experiences of and measures taken by local oculoplastic surgeons in combating COVID-19. Three main aspects are discussed, namely clinical, administrative, and training and educational. We hope our experiences would provide reference to fellow oculoplastic colleagues in other parts of the world in fighting this COVID-19 pandemic.
JO  - Orbit (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/01676830.2020.1754435
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: Lessons for an Urban(izing) World
AU  - Acuto, Michele
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 crisis has changed the face of many of our cities and questioned how we should manage urban life in the wake of a pandemic. This Commentary points to the need to learn urban governance lessons and to the potential value of urban experimentation in crisis.
JO  - One Earth
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.oneear.2020.04.004
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oneear.2020.04.004
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How to Guarantee the Best of Care to Patients with Cancer During the COVID-19 Epidemic: The Italian Experience
AU  - Curigliano, Giuseppe
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Italy and the rest of the world are experiencing an outbreak of a novel beta-coronavirus known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). In this context, in Italy, we reorganized the National Health System and prioritized the clinical cancer care scenario, balancing risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission versus the magnitude of clinical benefit deriving from a specific therapeutic approach. As initial actions, we recommended that routine screening be suspended and that patients with early and advanced cancer be treated as outpatients as much as possible and at the nearest medical center. Patients who need to be hospitalized for cancer treatment were protected from potential SARS-CoV-2 infection by creating a dedicated diagnostic and therapeutic internal pathway for cancer treatment. We implemented reorganization of the hospital networks, based on a hub-and-spoke design. Stronger personal protection was made available for patients with cancer. Because of the extreme burden created by COVID-19, antitumor treatment was initiated only after considering patient performance status, comorbidities, biology of disease, and the likely impact of treatment on outcome. Treatment strategies were discussed in the context of a multidisciplinary tumor board. Treatment decision making balanced risk and benefits of treatment in the context of the specific pandemic level, on a case-by-case basis.
JO  - The oncologist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1634/theoncologist.2020-0267
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Considerations for obesity, vitamin D, and physical activity amidst the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Carter, Stephen J.
AU  - Baranauskas, Marissa N.
AU  - Fly, Alyce D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract As the biomedical community races to disentangle the unknowns associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ? the virus responsible for causing coronavirus disease (COVID-19) ? the link between diminished immune function and individuals with obesity raises important questions about the possibility for greater viral pathogenicity in this population. Increased adiposity may undermine the pulmonary microenvironment wherein viral pathogenesis and immune cell trafficking could contribute to a maladaptive cycle of local inflammation and secondary injury. A further challenge to those with obesity during the current pandemic may involve vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency. In the interest of personal and public health, we caution decision/policy makers alike not to pin all hope on a proverbial ?silver bullet.? Until further breakthroughs emerge, we should remember that modifiable lifestyle factors like diet and physical activity should not be marginalized. Decades of empirical evidence supports both as key factors promoting health and wellness.
JO  - Obesity
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/oby.22838
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.22838
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Audio Interview: Caring for Patients with Covid-19
AU  - Rubin, Eric J.
AU  - Baden, Lindsey R.
AU  - Morrissey, Stephen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The New England journal of medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 382
IS  - 16
PG  - e50-e50
SP  - e50
EP  - e50
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMe2011242
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Not a Perfect Storm - Covid-19 and the Importance of Language
AU  - Brandt, Allan M.
AU  - Botelho, Alyssa
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The New England journal of medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 382
IS  - 16
PG  - 1493-1495
SP  - 1493
EP  - 1495
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMp2005032
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Potential Neurologic and Oncologic Implications of the Novel Coronavirus
AU  - Aaroe, Ashley
AU  - Majd, Nazanin
AU  - Weathers, Shiao-Pei
AU  - de Groot, John
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Neuro-oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/neuonc/noaa096
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: risk for cytokine targeting in chronic inflammatory diseases?
AU  - Schett, Georg
AU  - Sticherling, Michael
AU  - Neurath, Markus F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature reviews. Immunology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41577-020-0312-7
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Provision of cancer care during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Spicer, James
AU  - Chamberlain, Charlotte
AU  - Papa, Sophie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature reviews. Clinical oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41571-020-0370-6
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 pandemic: what consequences for cardiac rehabilitation?
AU  - Vigorito, Carlo
AU  - Faggiano, Pompilio
AU  - Mureddu, Gian Francesco
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic spreading all around the world has stressed over its capabilities and determined profound changes in the health systems in all countries and has caused hundreds of thousand deaths. Health professionals have been called to a tremendous effort to deal with this emergency, often contaminating or succumbing themselves to the disease.
JO  - Monaldi archives for chest disease = Archivio Monaldi per le malattie del torace
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 90
IS  - 1
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4081/monaldi.2020.1315
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-2019: update on epidemiology, disease spread and management
AU  - Sahu, Kamal Kant
AU  - Mishra, Ajay Kumar
AU  - Lal, Amos
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - With each passing day, more cases of Coronavirus disease (COVID-2019) are being detected and unfortunately the fear of novel corona virus 2019 (2019-nCoV) becoming a pandemic disease has come true. Constant efforts at individual, national, and international level are being made in order to understand the genomics, hosts, modes of transmission and epidemiological link of nCoV-2019. As of now, whole genome sequence of the newly discovered coronavirus has already been decoded. Genomic characterization nCoV-2019 have shown close homology with bat-derived severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-like coronaviruses, bat-SL-CoVZC45 and bat-SL-CoVZXC21. Structural analysis of the receptor binding site has confirmed that 2019-nCoV binds with the same ACE 2 receptor protein as human SARS virus. Compared to the previous coronavirus outbreaks, the overall mortality rate is relatively low for COVID-2019 (2-3%). Suspected cases must be quarantined till their test comes positive or they clear infection. At present, treatment of COVID-2019 is mostly based on the knowledge gained from the SARS and MERS outbreaks. Remdesivir, originally develop as a treatment for Ebola virus disease and Marburg virus infections, is being studied for it effectiveness against 2019-nCoV infection. Many other antiviral agents and vaccines are being tested but most of them are in phase I or II and hence unlikely to be of any benefit immediately with regards to current outbreak. Hence, the standard infection control techniques and preventive steps for healthy individuals and supportive care for the confirmed cases is the best available strategy to deal with current viral outbreak. .
JO  - Monaldi archives for chest disease = Archivio Monaldi per le malattie del torace
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 90
IS  - 1
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4081/monaldi.2020.1292
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Comparison of the Indicators of Psychological Stress in the Population of Hubei Province and Non-Endemic Provinces in China During Two Weeks During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak in February 2020
AU  - Yuan, Shuai
AU  - Liao, Zhenxin
AU  - Huang, Haojie
AU  - Jiang, Boyue
AU  - Zhang, Xueyan
AU  - Wang, Yingwen
AU  - Zhao, Mingyi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND During February 2020, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic in Hubei Province, China, was at its height, requiring isolation of the population. This study aimed to compare the emotional state, somatic responses, sleep quality, and behavior of people in Hubei Province with non-endemic provinces in China during two weeks in February 2020.  MATERIAL AND METHODS Questionnaires were completed by 939 individuals (357 men; 582 women), including 33 from Hubei and 906 from non-endemic provinces. The Stress Response Questionnaire (SRQ) determined the emotional state, somatic responses, and behavior. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to measure the duration of sleep and sleep quality. RESULTS There were 939 study participants, aged 18-24 years (35.89%) and 25-39 years (35.57%); 65.92% were university students. During a two week period in February 2020, the emotional state and behavior of participants in Hubei improved, but the quality of sleep did not. Health workers and business people became increasingly anxious, but other professionals became less anxious. The data showed that most people in Hubei Province developed a more positive attitude regarding their risk of infection and the chances of surviving the COVID-19 epidemic. CONCLUSIONS During a two-week period, front-line health workers and people in Hubei Province became less anxious about the COVID-19 epidemic, but sleep quality did not improve. Despite public awareness, levels of anxiety exist that affect the quality of life during epidemics, including periods of population quarantine. Therefore, health education should be combined with psychological counseling for vulnerable individuals.
JO  - Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 26
IS  - 
PG  - e923767-e923767
SP  - e923767
EP  - e923767
AN  - 
DO  - 10.12659/MSM.923767
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Convalescent plasma: A possible treatment of COVID-19 in India
AU  - Teixeira da Silva, Jaime A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In India, SARS-CoV-2 virus-induced coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has already infected close to 5500 people, causing the death of 164. While these numbers are not comparable with values observed for the USA, Italy, or Spain, given the population of India, and the fact that the pandemic is now in an exponential stage of growth, the risks of a contagion that affects a large sector of the Indian population are real. There are no current effective strategies to prevent the spread, other than minimizing contact through social distancing, while no fully effective drugs to prevent or treat COVID-19 exist, although several candidate drugs and repurposed antiviral and immune-modulating pharmacotherapies are being tested or in compassionate use. One postexposure prophylaxis, convalescent (immune) plasma (CP), has shown some success in China and previously in the cure and therapy of other coronaviruses, SARS-1 and Middle East respiratory syndrome. Drawn from current patients who are infected with COVID-19, its CP (human anti-SARS-CoV-2 plasma) might be one way to modulate the infectivity of this virus or its effects postinfection.
JO  - Medical journal, Armed Forces India
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.mjafi.2020.04.006
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Unity amidst uncertainty: COVID-19 pandemic fosters collaboration in rheumatology community
AU  - Rheumatology, The Lancet
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Rheumatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2665-9913(20)30082-5
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2665-9913(20)30082-5
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Rheumatic disease and COVID-19: initial data from the COVID-19 Global Rheumatology Alliance provider registries
AU  - Gianfrancesco, Milena A.
AU  - Hyrich, Kimme L.
AU  - Gossec, Laure
AU  - Strangfeld, Anja
AU  - Carmona, Loreto
AU  - Mateus, Elsa F.
AU  - Sufka, Paul
AU  - Grainger, Rebecca
AU  - Wallace, Zachary
AU  - Bhana, Suleman
AU  - Sirotich, Emily
AU  - Liew, Jean
AU  - Hausmann, Jonathan S.
AU  - Costello, Wendy
AU  - Robinson, Philip
AU  - Machado, Pedro M.
AU  - Yazdany, Jinoos
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Rheumatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2665-9913(20)30095-3
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2665-9913(20)30095-3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Blood transfusion strategies and ECMO during the COVID-19 pandemic &#x2013; Authors' reply
AU  - Ramanathan, Kollengode
AU  - MacLaren, Graeme
AU  - Combes, Alain
AU  - Brodie, Daniel
AU  - Shekar, Kiran
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Respiratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30174-0
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30174-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Kidney transplant programmes during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Martino, Francesca
AU  - Plebani, Mario
AU  - Ronco, Claudio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Respiratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30182-X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30182-X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Blood transfusion strategies and ECMO during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Koeckerling, David
AU  - Pan, Daniel
AU  - Mudalige, N. Lakmal
AU  - Oyefeso, Oluwatobiloba
AU  - Barker, Joseph
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Respiratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30173-9
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30173-9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Protecting workers aged 60&#x2013;69 years from COVID-19
AU  - Glynn, Judith R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30311-X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30311-X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: time to plan for prompt universal access to diagnostics and treatments
AU  - Bassi, Luca Li
AU  - Hwenda, Lenias
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Global Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30137-6
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30137-6
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Endoscopy in inflammatory bowel diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic and post-pandemic period
AU  - Iacucci, Marietta
AU  - Cannatelli, Rosanna
AU  - Labarile, Nunzia
AU  - Mao, Ren
AU  - Panaccione, Remo
AU  - Danese, Silvio
AU  - Kochhar, Gursimran S.
AU  - Ghosh, Subrata
AU  - Shen, Bo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is changing the management of many chronic diseases, including that of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). In particular, the performance of routine endoscopy is temporarily suspended, and only emergency endoscopy is allowed in many countries where severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread. We highlight different scenarios in which endoscopy should still be performed urgently in patients with IBD, as well as recommendations regarding the use of personal protective equipment. We suggest a pathway for performing safe endoscopy and discuss the potential risks of postponing endoscopy in IBD. Finally, we propose a post-pandemic plan for access to endoscopy.
JO  - The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S2468-1253(20)30119-9
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-1253(20)30119-9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Flooded by the torrent: the COVID-19 drug pipeline
AU  - Mullard, Asher
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10232
PG  - 1245-1246
SP  - 1245
EP  - 1246
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30894-1
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30894-1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Sarah Gilbert: carving a path towards a COVID-19 vaccine
AU  - Lane, Richard
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10232
PG  - 1247-1247
SP  - 1247
EP  - 1247
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30796-0
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30796-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in the USA: a question of time
AU  - Lancet, The
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10232
PG  - 1229-1229
SP  - 1229
EP  - 1229
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30863-1
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30863-1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Sustaining containment of COVID-19 in China
AU  - Lancet, The
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10232
PG  - 1230-1230
SP  - 1230
EP  - 1230
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30864-3
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30864-3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Offline: CoHERE&#x2014;a call for a post-pandemic health strategy
AU  - Horton, Richard
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10232
PG  - 1242-1242
SP  - 1242
EP  - 1242
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30895-3
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30895-3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 exacerbating inequalities in the US
AU  - Dorn, Aaron van
AU  - Cooney, Rebecca E.
AU  - Sabin, Miriam L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10232
PG  - 1243-1244
SP  - 1243
EP  - 1244
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30893-X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30893-X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Wearing face masks in the community during the COVID-19 pandemic: altruism and solidarity
AU  - Cheng, Kar Keung
AU  - Lam, Tai Hing
AU  - Leung, Chi Chiu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30918-1
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30918-1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: the case for health-care worker screening to prevent hospital transmission
AU  - Black, James R. M.
AU  - Bailey, Chris
AU  - Swanton, Charles
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30917-X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30917-X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Q&A: A fish facility down to its core
AU  - Neff, Ellen P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Lab animal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41684-020-0533-1
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Q&A: Collaborating and coordinating keeps a zebrafish facility going
AU  - Neff, Ellen P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Lab animal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41684-020-0534-0
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Aging in Times of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Avoiding Ageism and Fostering Intergenerational Solidarity
AU  - Ayalon, Liat
AU  - Chasteen, Alison
AU  - Diehl, Manfred
AU  - Levy, Becca
AU  - Neupert, Shevaun D.
AU  - Rothermund, Klaus
AU  - Tesch-Römer, Clemens
AU  - Wahl, Hans-Werner
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/geronb/gbaa051
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - New preventative measures against coronavirus disease 2019 for home care aides in Taiwan
AU  - Weng, Cheng-Chie
AU  - Lin, Yueh-Er
AU  - Lin, Yu-Chin
AU  - Chen, Wei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/gerona/glaa092
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - High prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in repatriation flights to Greece from three European countries
AU  - Lytras, Theodore
AU  - Dellis, George
AU  - Flountzi, Anastasia
AU  - Hatzianastasiou, Sophia
AU  - Nikolopoulou, Georgia
AU  - Tsekou, Katerina
AU  - Diamantis, Zafiris
AU  - Stathopoulou, Grigoria
AU  - Togka, Marianthi
AU  - Gerolymatos, Gerasimos
AU  - Rigakos, George
AU  - Sapounas, Spiridon
AU  - Tsiodras, Sotirios
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>Passengers on repatriation flights to Greece from the UK, Spain and Turkey were screened with oropharyngeal swabs on arrival for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Despite almost all passengers being asymptomatic, many tested positive (3.6% from UK, 6.3% from Spain and 6.3% from Turkey), indicating widespread transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in these countries.</p>
JO  - Journal of Travel Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/jtm/taaa054
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/jtm/advance-article/doi/10.1093/jtm/taaa054/5820895
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Vietnam's response to COVID-19: Prompt and proactive actions
AU  - Dinh, Linh
AU  - Dinh, Phuc
AU  - Nguyen, Phuong D. M.
AU  - Nguyen, Duy H. N.
AU  - Hoang, Thang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of travel medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/jtm/taaa047
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Reducing onward spread of COVID-19 from imported cases: quarantine and 'stay at home' measures for travellers and returning residents to Singapore
AU  - Chiew, Calvin J.
AU  - Li, Zongbin
AU  - Lee, Vernon J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Singapore imposed a 14-day 'Stay Home Notice' (SHN) on travellers and returning residents to reduce secondary transmission from imported cases of COVID-19. In this article, we describe the processes and enforcement of SHN, and explore the issues faced by individuals under such quarantine, and the steps taken to address them.
JO  - Journal of travel medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/jtm/taaa049
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 and Legionella Co-infection in a Person Returning from a Nile Cruise
AU  - Arashiro, Takeshi
AU  - Nakamura, Satoshi
AU  - Asami, Takahiro
AU  - Mikuni, Hatsuko
AU  - Fujiwara, Emiyu
AU  - Sakamoto, So
AU  - Miura, Ryotaro
AU  - Shionoya, Yosuke
AU  - Honda, Ryoichi
AU  - Furukawa, Keiichi
AU  - Nakamura, Akira
AU  - Saito, Haruhisa
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We report a case of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and Legionella co-infection manifesting as pneumonia with gastrointestinal symptoms. The case highlights the importance of differential diagnosis during the COVID-19 pandemic, so we do not miss the opportunity to diagnose other treatable causes of disease with similar symptoms.
JO  - Journal of travel medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/jtm/taaa053
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: 2020 a year in turmoil
AU  - Lillicrap, David
AU  - Morrissey, James H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jth.14816
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Safety at the Time of the COVID-19 Pandemic: How to Keep our Oncology Patients and Healthcare Workers Safe
AU  - Cinar, Pelin
AU  - Kubal, Timothy
AU  - Freifeld, Alison
AU  - Mishra, Asmita
AU  - Shulman, Lawrence
AU  - Bachman, James
AU  - Fonseca, Rafael
AU  - Uronis, Hope
AU  - Klemanski, Dori
AU  - Slusser, Kim
AU  - Lunning, Matthew
AU  - Liu, Catherine
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, was first detected as a respiratory illness in December 2019 in Wuhan City, China. Since then, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has impacted every aspect of our lives worldwide. In a time when terms such as social distancing and flattening the curve have become a part of our vernacular, it is essential that we understand what measures can be implemented to protect our patients and healthcare workers. Undoubtedly, healthcare providers have had to rapidly alter care delivery models while simultaneously acknowledging the crucial unknowns of how these changes may affect clinical outcomes. This special feature reviews strategies on how to mitigate transmission of COVID-19 in an effort to reduce morbidity and mortality associated with the disease for patients with cancer without infection, for patients with cancer with COVID-19 infection, and for the healthcare workers caring for them, while continuing to provide the best possible cancer care. [Editor's Note: This article includes the most current information available at time of publication; however, recommendations regarding public safety and practice may change rapidly in this situation. Individuals should get the most up to date information from the CDC website.].
JO  - Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network : JNCCN
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-6
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
AN  - 
DO  - 10.6004/jnccn.2020.7572
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Home Hospice Services during COVID-19: Ensuring Comfort in Unsettling Times in Singapore
AU  - Khatri, Priyanka
AU  - Seetharaman, Santhosh
AU  - Jamie Phang, Chia May
AU  - Andy Lee, Bin Xuan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Palliative Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - jpm.2020.0186-jpm.2020.0186
SP  - jpm.2020.0186
EP  - jpm.2020.0186
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1089/jpm.2020.0186
UR  - https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/jpm.2020.0186
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Trying To Do It All: Being a Physician-Mother during the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Chowdhry, Shilpa Mukunda
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of palliative medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1089/jpm.2020.0182
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Society of NeuroInterventional Surgery recommendations for the care of emergent neurointerventional patients in the setting of covid-19
AU  - Fraser, Justin F.
AU  - Arthur, Adam S.
AU  - Chen, Michael
AU  - Levitt, Michael
AU  - Mocco, J.
AU  - Albuquerque, Felipe C.
AU  - Ansari, Sameer A.
AU  - Dabus, Guilherme
AU  - Jayaraman, Mahesh V.
AU  - Mack, William J.
AU  - Milburn, James
AU  - Mokin, Maxim
AU  - Narayanan, Sandra
AU  - Puri, Ajit S.
AU  - Siddiqui, Adnan H.
AU  - Tsai, Jenny P.
AU  - Klucznik, Richard P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of neurointerventional surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/neurintsurg-2020-016098
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: Recommended sampling sites at different stage of the disease
AU  - Song, Fang
AU  - Zhang, Xiangyan
AU  - Zha, Yan
AU  - Liu, Weijia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is mainly an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by a novel coronavirus (officially named Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, SARS-CoV-2) in December 2019, which is currently a worldwide pandemic, mainly causes the novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP). This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25892
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Evaluation of Antiviral Therapies for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pneumonia in Shanghai, China
AU  - Shi, Xiudong
AU  - Lu, Yang
AU  - Li, Rong
AU  - Tang, Yanlin
AU  - Shi, Nannan
AU  - Song, Fengxiang
AU  - Shan, Fei
AU  - Chen, Guochao
AU  - Song, Pengrui
AU  - Shi, Yuxin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The aim of our study was to evaluate the therapeutic effect of antiviral drugs on COVID-19 pneumonia. Patients confirmed with COVID-19 pneumonia were enrolled and divided into 7 groups according to the treatment option. Information including age, gender and duration from illness onset to admission, clinical manifestations and laboratory data at admission, and length of hospital stay were evaluated. The chest CT imaging obtained at admission and after a 5-d treatment cycle were assessed. The clinical symptoms and laboratory tests at discharge were also assessed. At admission, no significant differences were found among the groups, including duration from illness onset to admission, clinical symptoms and main laboratory results. No significant differences were found among the groups in terms of the proportion of patients with pneumonia resolution (P=0.151) after treatment or the length of hospital stay (P=0.116). At discharge, 7/184 (4%) patients had a mild cough while their other symptoms had disappeared, and the proportion of patients with abnormal liver function and with increased leucocytes, neutrophils or erythrocyte sedimentation rate among the 184 patients were close to those at admission. According to the results, the inclusion of antiviral drugs in therapeutic regimens based on symptomatic treatment had no significant additional impact on the improvement in COVID-19 patients. In addition, the results of chest CT imaging, clinical manifestations, and laboratory tests at discharge were not completely consistent. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25893
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Virological and Clinical Cure in Covid-19 Patients Treated with Hydroxychloroquine: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
AU  - Sarma, Phulen
AU  - Kaur, Hardeep
AU  - Kumar, Harish
AU  - Mahendru, Dhruv
AU  - Avti, Pramod
AU  - Bhattacharyya, Anusuya
AU  - Prajapat, Manisha
AU  - Shekhar, Nishant
AU  - Kumar, Subodh
AU  - Singh, Rahul
AU  - Singh, Ashutosh
AU  - Dhibar, Deba Prasad
AU  - Prakash, Ajay
AU  - Medhi, Bikash
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Following the demonstration of efficacy of hydroxychloroquine against SARS-CoV-2 in-vitro, many trials started to evaluate its efficacy in clinical settings. However, no systematic review and meta-analysis has addressed the issue of safety and efficacy of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) in COVID-19. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review and metaanalysis with the objectives of evaluation of safety and efficacy of HCQ alone or in combination in terms of "time to clinical cure", "virological cure", "death or clinical worsening of disease", "radiological progression" and safety. RevMan was used for meta-analysis. RESULT: We searched 16 literature databases out of which seven studies (n=1358) were included in the systematic review. In terms of clinical cure, 2 studies reported possible benefit in "time to body temperature normalization" and one study reported less "cough days" in the HCQ arm. Treatment with HCQ resulted in less number of cases showing radiological progression of lung disease (OR 0.31, 0.11-0.9). No difference was observed in virological cure (OR 2.37, 0.13-44.53), death or clinical worsening of disease (OR 1.37, 1.37-21.97) and safety (OR 2.19, 0.59-8.18), when compared to the control/conventional treatment. Five studies reported either the safety or efficacy of HCQ + Azithromycin. Although seems safe and effective, more data is required for a definitive conclusion. CONCLUSION: HCQ seems to be promising in terms of less number of cases with radiological progression with a comparable safety profile to control/conventional treatment. We need more data to come to a definite conclusion. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25898
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - High IL-6/IFN-γ ratio could be associated with severe disease in COVID-19 patients
AU  - Lagunas-Rangel, Francisco Alejandro
AU  - Chávez-Valencia, Venice
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Cytokines are important mediators of the inflammatory response, and during infection with SARS-CoV-2 it has been suggested that there is a cytokine storm syndrome. In this study, a meta-analysis was performed to investigate whether the IL-6/IFN-γ ratio can help predict clinical severity in patients with COVID-19. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25900
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Failure in initial stage containment of global COVID-19 epicenters
AU  - Khosrawipour, Veria
AU  - Lau, Hien
AU  - Khosrawipour, Tanja
AU  - Kocbach, Piotr
AU  - Ichii, Hirohito
AU  - Bania, Jacek
AU  - Mikolajczyk, Agata
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: With multiple virus epicenters, COVID-19 has been declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization. Consequently, many countries have implemented different policies to manage this crisis, including curfew and lockdown. However, the efficacy of individual policies remains unclear with respect to COVID-19 case development. METHODS: We analyzed available data on COVID-19 cases of eight majorly affected countries, including China, Italy, Iran, Germany, France, Spain, South Korea and Japan. Growth rates and doubling time of cases were calculated for the first six weeks after initial cases were declared for each respective country and put in context with implemented policies. RESULTS: While the growth rate of total confirmed COVID-19 cases in China decreased, those for Japan remained constant. For European countries, the growth rate of COVID-19 cases considerably increased during the second time interval. Interestingly, the rates for Germany, Spain and France are the highest measured in the second interval and even surpass the numbers in Italy. CONCLUSIONS: While the initial data in Asian countries are encouraging with respect to case development at the initial stage, the opposite is true for European countries. Based on our data, disease management in the two weeks following first reported cases is of utmost importance. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25883
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Case fatality rate analysis of Italian COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Giangreco, Giovanni
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The Italian outbreak of COVID-19 cases is a public health emergency and there is a worldwide tremendous interest in the evaluation of the Italian epidemic evolution. Indeed, from February 2020, Italy is facing an explosion of COVID-19 cases. In particular, the Italian observed case fatality rate (CFR) is much higher than the other countries. Recently, it has been hypothesized that the extensive number of intergenerational contacts - typical of Italian culture - could contribute to explain the high number of deaths observed in Italy. However, through an analysis performed for all the Italian regions, here it is shown that the deaths are localized in specific regions and that the CFRs of different Italian regions are overlapping with the rates of European countries. Moreover, through a correlation analyses between CFRs and different social habits, it is shown that no positive correlation is observed between social behaviours and CFRs. In conclusion, this analyses clearly rejects the possibility that social habits and intergenerational contacts can contribute to explain such a profound effect on the number of deaths observed in Italy during COVID-19 outbreak and more effort should be addressed to evaluate the real amount of positive cases. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25894
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Off-label Use of Tocilizumab in Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection
AU  - Di Giambenedetto, Simona
AU  - Ciccullo, Arturo
AU  - Borghetti, Alberto
AU  - Gambassi, Giovanni
AU  - Landi, Francesco
AU  - Visconti, Elena
AU  - Zileri Dal Verme, Lorenzo
AU  - Bernabei, Roberto
AU  - Tamburrini, Enrica
AU  - Cauda, Roberto
AU  - Gasbarrini, Antonio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The spread of the novel-Coronavirus infection worldwide represents a challenge for physicians. Particularly, no approved therapy has demonstrated to have an impact in treating patients who develop severe respiratory insufficiency so far. The use of humanized anti-human inteleukine-6 receptor antibody tocilizumab seems a promising strategy for these patients. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25897
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How Can Blockchain Help People in the Event of Pandemics Such as the COVID-19?
AU  - Chang, Min Cheol
AU  - Park, Donghwi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Medical Systems
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 44
IS  - 5
PG  - 102-102
SP  - 102
EP  - 102
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s10916-020-01577-8
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10916-020-01577-8
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Macromarketing the Time is Now
AU  - Wooliscroft, Ben
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The Macromarketing Society Inc. is in the strongest position it has been in history, with record numbers attending the conference. At the same time, and for the first time, the conference may not be held this year. This commentary focuses on the position of the Society, plans for the future, the Journal and the structural issues impacting on holding the conference this year.
JO  - Journal of Macromarketing
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 0276146720920340-0276146720920340
SP  - 0276146720920340
EP  - 0276146720920340
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/0276146720920340
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1177/0276146720920340
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemiology of seasonal coronaviruses: Establishing the context for COVID-19 emergence
AU  - Nickbakhsh, Sema
AU  - Ho, Antonia
AU  - Marques, Diogo F. P.
AU  - McMenamin, Jim
AU  - Gunson, Rory N.
AU  - Murcia, Pablo R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Public health preparedness for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is challenging in the absence of setting-specific epidemiological data. Here we describe the epidemiology of seasonal coronaviruses (sCoVs) and other cocirculating viruses in the West of Scotland, UK. We analyzed routine diagnostic data for >70,000 episodes of respiratory illness tested molecularly for multiple respiratory viruses between 2005 and 2017. Statistical associations with patient age and sex differed between CoV-229E, CoV-OC43 and CoV-NL63. Furthermore, the timing and magnitude of sCoV outbreaks did not occur concurrently and coinfections were not reported. With respect to other cocirculating respiratory viruses, we found evidence of positive, rather than negative, interactions with sCoVs. These findings highlight the importance of considering cocirculating viruses in the differential diagnosis of COVID-19. Further work is needed to establish the occurrence/degree of cross-protective immunity conferred across sCoVs and with COVID-19, as well as the role of viral coinfection in COVID-19 disease severity.
JO  - The Journal of infectious diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/infdis/jiaa185
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 outbreak and steroids administration: are patients treated for Sars-Cov-2 at risk of adrenal insufficiency?
AU  - Scaroni, C.
AU  - Armigliato, M.
AU  - Cannavò, S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Endocrinological Investigation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s40618-020-01253-1
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s40618-020-01253-1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Non-cutaneous considerations of COVID19 for dermatology practices
AU  - Ali, Faisal R.
AU  - Al-Niaimi, Firas
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract COVID19 presents many pressing challenges to the global dermatological community and our patients with ongoing skin needs, which must be considered by every dermatology provider. Many of these are logistical and administrative, distinct from physical manifestations, and could be summarised by the acronym COVID.
JO  - Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jocd.13444
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jocd.13444
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and student nurses: a view from England
AU  - Swift, Amelia
AU  - Banks, Louise
AU  - Baleswaran, Amintha
AU  - Cooke, Nicholas
AU  - Little, Cerys
AU  - McGrath, Linda
AU  - Meechan-Rogers, Ronnie
AU  - Neve, Alice
AU  - Rees, Helen
AU  - Tomlinson, Amy
AU  - Williams, Grace
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Jackson et al (2020) have recently described the extraordinary times we face as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic. As we write, the number of cases and the associated mortality continues to rise. In the United Kingdom (UK) a number of ?Nightingale Hospitals? have been constructed within large arenas. Clinical staff who have recently left National Health Service (NHS) are being asked to return to practice to support the rapidly escalating numbers of patients, and nursing students from year two of their degree programme onwards are being asked to opt-in to an extended placement working to further bolster the numbers of care staff available.
JO  - Journal of Clinical Nursing
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jocn.15298
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.15298
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Comparison of Copan Eswab and FLOQswab for COVID-19 PCR diagnosis: working around a supply shortage
AU  - Vermeiren, Christie
AU  - Marchand-Senécal, Xavier
AU  - Sheldrake, Elena
AU  - Bulir, David
AU  - Smieja, Marek
AU  - Chong, Sylvia
AU  - Forbes, Jessica D.
AU  - Katz, Kevin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - On March 16(th) 2020, WHO Director-General stated "You cannot fight a fire blindfolded. And we cannot stop this [COVID-19] pandemic if we don't know who is infected. We have a simple message for all countries: test, test, test. Test every suspected case." (https://www.who.int/dg/speeches/detail/who-director-general-s-opening-remarks-at-the-media-briefing-on-covid-19---16-march-2020) This strategy hinges on the availability of appropriate, validated collection and transport systems to ensure preservation of nucleic acids and compatibility with downstream molecular testing - an acute challenge in the current pandemic. We present direct comparison of COVID-19 specimens collected with FLOQswab Nasopharyngeal Swab preserved in universal transport medium (Copan UTM System, Copan, Italy, catalog No.305C), optimized for viral specimens, and flocked regular nylon tip swab preserved in liquid amies (Eswab Collection system, Copan, Italy, catalog No. 480C), optimized for bacterial specimens.
JO  - Journal of clinical microbiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1128/JCM.00669-20
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Comment on “Response to COVID-19 in Breast Imaging”
AU  - Orsi, Marcello A.
AU  - Oliva, Giancarlo
AU  - Cellina, Michaela
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Breast Imaging
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/jbi/wbaa031
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/jbi/advance-article/doi/10.1093/jbi/wbaa031/5820811
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Reverse vaccinology approach to design a novel multi-epitope vaccine candidate against COVID-19: an in silico study
AU  - Enayatkhani, Maryam
AU  - Hasaniazad, Mehdi
AU  - Faezi, Sobhan
AU  - Guklani, Hamed
AU  - Davoodian, Parivash
AU  - Ahmadi, Nahid
AU  - Einakian, Mohammad Ali
AU  - Karmostaji, Afsaneh
AU  - Ahmadi, Khadijeh
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - At present, novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV, the causative agent of COVID-19) has caused worldwide social and economic disruption. The disturbing statistics of this infection promoted us to develop an effective vaccine candidate against the COVID-19. In this study, bioinformatics approaches were employed to design and introduce a novel multi-epitope vaccine against 2019-nCoV that can potentially trigger both CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell immune responses and investigated its biological activities by computational tools. Three known antigenic proteins (Nucleocapsid, ORF3a, and Membrane protein, hereafter called NOM) from the virus were selected and analyzed for prediction of the potential immunogenic B and T-cell epitopes and then validated using bioinformatics tools. Based on in silico analysis, we have constructed a multi-epitope vaccine candidate (NOM) with five rich-epitopes domain including highly scored T and B-cell epitopes. After predicting and evaluating of the third structure of the protein candidate, the best 3D predicted model was applied for docking studies with Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and HLA-A*11:01. In the next step, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was used to evaluate the stability of the designed fusion protein with TLR4 and HLA-A*11:01 receptors. MD studies demonstrated that the NOM-TLR4 and NOM-HLA-A*11:01 docked models were stable during simulation time. In silico evaluation showed that the designed chimeric protein could simultaneously elicit humoral and cell-mediated immune responses.
JO  - Journal of biomolecular structure & dynamics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-19
SP  - 1
EP  - 19
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/07391102.2020.1756411
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Laboratory Risk Assessment during the Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic
AU  - Nichols, James H.
AU  - Rauch, Carol A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/jalm/jfaa061
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/jalm/advance-article/doi/10.1093/jalm/jfaa061/5815983
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [SARS-CoV-2 infection may result in appendicular syndrome: Chest CT scan before appendectomy]
AU  - Pautrat, Karine
AU  - Chergui, Naïma
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The initial clinical presentation of CoronaVirus Disease 2019 may be appendicular syndrome. An abdominal CT scan ruled out a diagnosis of appendicitis and a chest CT scan yielded a diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection. CT scan is required before considering emergency surgery for acute appendicitis.
JO  - Journal de chirurgie viscerale
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jchirv.2020.04.007
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Case for Participatory Disease Surveillance of the COVID-19 Pandemic in India
AU  - Garg, Suneela
AU  - Bhatnagar, Nidhi
AU  - Gangadharan, Navya
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The coronavirus disease pandemic requires the deployment of novel surveillance strategies to curtail further spread of the disease in the community. Participatory disease surveillance mechanisms have already been adopted in countries for the current pandemic. India, with scarce resources, good telecom support, and a not-so-robust heath care system, makes a strong case for introducing participatory disease surveillance for the prevention and control of the pandemic. India has just launched Aarogya Setu, which is a first-of-its-kind participatory disease surveillance initiative in India. This will supplement the existing Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme in India by finding missing cases and having faster aggregation, analysis of data, and prompt response measures. This newly created platform empowers communities with the right information and guidance, enabling protection from infection and reducing unnecessary contact with the overburdened health care system. However, caution needs to be exercised to address participation from digitally isolated populations, ensure the reliability of data, and consider ethical concerns such as maintaining individual privacy.
JO  - JMIR public health and surveillance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 6
IS  - 2
PG  - e18795-e18795
SP  - e18795
EP  - e18795
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2196/18795
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19 contact tracing and data protection can go together
AU  - Abeler, Johannes
AU  - Bäcker, Matthias
AU  - Buermeyer, Ulf
AU  - Zillessen, Hannah
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We suggest and discuss an implementation of app-based contact-tracing to control the Covid-19 pandemic and discuss its data protection and user acceptability aspects.
JO  - JMIR mHealth and uHealth
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2196/19359
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Meeting the Care Needs of Older Adults Isolated at Home During the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Steinman, Michael A.
AU  - Perry, Laura
AU  - Perissinotto, Carla M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA internal medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.1661
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Predictive Mathematical Models of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Underlying Principles and Value of Projections
AU  - Jewell, Nicholas P.
AU  - Lewnard, Joseph A.
AU  - Jewell, Britta L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.6585
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Finding Effective Treatments for COVID-19: Scientific Integrity and Public Confidence in a Time of Crisis
AU  - Goodman, Jesse L.
AU  - Borio, Luciana
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.6434
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) for Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19)
AU  - Who
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Module 3 PPE
JO  - JAC-Antimicrobial Resistance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 2
IS  - 2
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/jacamr/dlaa027
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/jacamr/article/doi/10.1093/jacamr/dlaa027/5820872 http://reprolineplus.org/system/files/resources/IPC_M11_Programs.pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - ‘Let us Help’- Why Senior Medical Students are the Next Step in Battling the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Thomson, Emily
AU  - Lovegrove, Sally
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract As senior medical students in the UK, we read Dr Stein?s letter on the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) 2 and began wondering where we fit in, in this pandemic. As the government heads into a ?war footing? 13, there is an increased need for medical staff. There is speculation of bringing back retired doctors, many of who fall into at risk categories. With clinical placement and exams cancelled, we are determined to use our hard-earned skills in some way, to help in what is the biggest global emergency of our lifetime.
JO  - International Journal of Clinical Practice
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/ijcp.13516
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcp.13516
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Estimation of basic reproduction number for COVID-19 and the reasons for its differences
AU  - Najafimehr, Hadis
AU  - Mohamed Ali, Kosar
AU  - Safari, Saeed
AU  - Yousefifard, Mahmoud
AU  - Hosseini, Mostafa
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract The novel coronavirus pneumonia is an acute respiratory disease. In December 2019, this disease emerged in Wuhan, China. The Chinese government called it SARS-CoV-2 which was subsequently named COVID-19 by the World Health Organization (WHO) [1]. In January 2020, WHO confirmed it as a sustained human to human disease [2]. By March 2020, COVID-19 had been transmitted round the world rapidly and every day large number of new cases were registered. COVID-19 is a leaped type of coronavirus family such as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) that has been transmitted from wild animals to human [3].
JO  - International Journal of Clinical Practice
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/ijcp.13518
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcp.13518
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Balneotherapy and human immune function in the era of COVID-19
AU  - Masiero, Stefano
AU  - Maccarone, Maria Chiara
AU  - Magro, Giacomo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International Journal of Biometeorology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00484-020-01914-z
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00484-020-01914-z
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - CORRESPONDANCE: Reflections and new developments within the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Patel, Zara M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International forum of allergy & rhinology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/alr.22582
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in children compared with adults in Shandong Province, China
AU  - Du, Wenjun
AU  - Yu, Jinhong
AU  - Wang, Hui
AU  - Zhang, Xiaoguo
AU  - Zhang, Shouwei
AU  - Li, Qiang
AU  - Zhang, Zhongfa
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 outbreak spread in China and is a threat to the world. We reported on the epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and radiological characteristics of children cases to help health workers better understand and provide timely diagnosis and treatment. Retrospectively, two research centers’ case series of 67 consecutive hospitalized cases including 53 adult and 14 children cases with COVID-19 between 23 Jan 2020 and 15 Feb 2020 from Jinan and Rizhao were enrolled in this study. Epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and radiological characteristics of children and adults were analyzed and compared. Most cases in children were mild (21.4%) and conventional cases (78.6%), with mild clinical signs and symptoms, and all cases were of family clusters. Fever (35.7%) and dry cough (21.4%) were described as clinical manifestations in children cases. Dry cough and phlegm were not the most common symptoms in children compared with adults (p = 0.03). In the early stages of the disease, lymphocyte counts did not significantly decline but neutrophils count did in children compared with adults (p = 0.02). There was a lower level of CRP (p = 0.00) in children compared with adults. There were 8 (57.1%) asymptomatic cases and 6 (42.9%) symptomatic cases among the 14 children cases. The age of asymptomatic patients was younger than that of symptomatic patients (p = 0.03). Even among asymptomatic patients, 5 (62.5%) cases had lung injuries including 3 (60%) cases with bilateral involvement, which was not different compared with that of symptomatic cases (p = 0.58, p = 0.74). The clinical symptoms of children are mild, there is substantial lung injury even among children, but that there is less clinical disease, perhaps because of a less pronounced inflammatory response, and that the occurrence of this pattern appears to inversely correlate with age.
JO  - Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-8
SP  - 1
EP  - 8
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s15010-020-01427-2
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s15010-020-01427-2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Potential for developing a SARS-CoV receptor-binding domain (RBD) recombinant protein as a heterologous human vaccine against coronavirus infectious disease (COVID)-19
AU  - Chen, Wen-Hsiang
AU  - Hotez, Peter J.
AU  - Bottazzi, Maria Elena
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A SARS-CoV receptor-binding domain (RBD) recombinant protein was developed and manufactured under current good manufacturing practices in 2016. The protein, known as RBD219-N1 when formulated on Al...
JO  - Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/21645515.2020.1740560
UR  - https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/21645515.2020.1740560
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chancen und Einsatzmöglichkeiten von Telemedizin in der Hals‑, Nasen- und Ohrenheilkunde bei der Bekämpfung von SARS-COV-2
AU  - Hagge, Daniel
AU  - Knopf, Andreas
AU  - Hofauer, Benedikt
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Die COVID-19-Pandemie bringt Gesundheitssysteme weltweit bisweilen an die Belastungsgrenze. Ein Grund dafür ist die rasant steigende Anzahl von Neuinfizierten. Zum anderen verschärfen die hohen Ausfallquoten bei Ärzten und Pflegern insbesondere in der HNO-Heilkunde zusätzlich die Situation. Telemedizin kann dabei ein sinnvolles Mittel sein, um die Anzahl von Arzt-Patienten-Kontakten zu reduzieren. Dadurch könnten Infektionsketten unterbrochen werden und das Infektionsrisiko für Ärzte minimiert werden. Zur Erstellung des Reviews wurde eine selektive Literaturrecherche unter www.pubmed.com mit den einschlägig verwendeten englischen Fachtermini für Telemedizin und HNO durchgeführt. Zudem wurde eine Recherche unter www.news.google.com zu aktuellen Entwicklungen der COVID-19-Pandemie mit den Suchbegriffen Telemedizin und COVID-19 betrieben. Telemedizin kann sowohl im direkten Patientenkontakt als auch bei der konsiliarischen Unterstützung von Allgemeinmedizinern hilfreich sein. Die vorliegenden Studien zeigen, dass im Durchschnitt mehr als 50 % der Arztbesuche telemedizinisch durchführbar wären. Sowohl Ärzte als auch Patienten bewerten den Einsatz von Telemedizin als positiv. Weder die Bildqualität noch die Handhabung der Technik stellen relevante Hindernisse bei der sicheren Diagnosestellung dar. Patienten gaben an, dass der telemedizinische Arztbesuch nicht länger dauerte als ein traditioneller Arztbesuch. Zudem wurde von den Patienten die schnellere und bessere Verfügbarkeit von medizinischer Versorgung durch Telemedizin hervorgehoben. Telemedizin kann einen entscheidenden Beitrag zur Bewältigung der aktuellen COVID-19-Pandemie leisten. Zudem kann die Etablierung von Telemedizin dabei helfen, auf zukünftige Pandemien besser vorbereitet zu sein.
JO  - HNO
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-7
SP  - 1
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00106-020-00864-7
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00106-020-00864-7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Protecting patients and healthcare personnel from COVID-19: considerations for practice and outpatient care in cardiology
AU  - Dörr, Rolf
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Herz
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00059-020-04922-2
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00059-020-04922-2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical Best Practice Advice for Hepatology and Liver Transplant Providers During the COVID-19 Pandemic: AASLD Expert Panel Consensus Statement
AU  - Fix, Oren K.
AU  - Hameed, Bilal
AU  - Fontana, Robert J.
AU  - Kwok, Ryan M.
AU  - McGuire, Brendan M.
AU  - Mulligan, David C.
AU  - Pratt, Daniel S.
AU  - Russo, Mark W.
AU  - Schilsky, Michael L.
AU  - Verna, Elizabeth C.
AU  - Loomba, Rohit
AU  - Cohen, David E.
AU  - Bezerra, Jorge A.
AU  - Reddy, K. Rajender
AU  - Chung, Raymond T.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the illness caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, is rapidly spreading throughout the world. Hospitals and healthcare providers are preparing for the anticipated surge in critically ill patients but few are wholly equipped to manage this new disease. We all must do our part to prepare our patients, clinics, and hospitals for the drastic changes necessary to mitigate the spread of SARS-CoV-2 or we risk overwhelming the capacity of our healthcare system. The goals of this document are to provide data on what is currently known about COVID-19, and how it may impact hepatologists and liver transplant providers and their patients. Our aim is to provide a template for the development of clinical recommendations and policies to mitigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on liver patients and healthcare providers.
JO  - Hepatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/hep.31281
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/hep.31281
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Why health promotion matters to the COVID-19 pandemic, and vice versa
AU  - Van den Broucke, Stephan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Health promotion international
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/heapro/daaa042
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How to avoid nosocomial spread during Tracheostomy for Covid-19 patients
AU  - Zhong, Yi
AU  - Xiao, Hongjun
AU  - Varvares, Mark A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As the novel coronavirus (Covid-19) globally spreads, the Covid-19 pandemic is straining healthcare workers worldwide. In hospitalized patients with severe Covid-19, endotracheal intubation is one of the most common and indispensable life-saving interventions. For patients in need of long-term endotracheal intubation, tracheostomy may be considered. Some patients with unfavorable neck anatomy, such as short neck, enlarged thyroid, and neck cicatricial contracture, are not suitable for percutaneous tracheostomy, a minimally invasive method.(1) In these circumstances, conventional open tracheostomy is the primary option for surgeons. However, it is one of the most hazardous procedures, because the direct airway opening and the coughing of patients causes aerosolization of the virus potentially exposing healthcare workers.(2) To prevent healthcare-associated infections, we are willing to share our modified tracheostomy procedures with other surgeons worldwide. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Head & neck
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/hed.26167
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Framework for Prioritizing Head and Neck Surgery during the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Topf, Michael C.
AU  - Shenson, Jared A.
AU  - Holsinger, F. Christopher
AU  - Wald, Samuel H.
AU  - Cianfichi, Lisa J.
AU  - Rosenthal, Eben L.
AU  - Sunwoo, John B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 pandemic has placed an extraordinary demand on the United States healthcare system. Many institutions have cancelled elective and non-urgent procedures to conserve resources and limit exposure. While operational definitions of elective and urgent categories exist, there is a degree of surgeon judgment in designation. In the present commentary, we provide a framework for prioritizing head and neck surgery during the pandemic. Unique considerations for the head and neck patient are examined including risk to the oncology patient, outcomes following delay in head and neck cancer therapy, and risk of transmission during otolaryngologic surgery. Our case prioritization criteria consist of four categories: urgent - proceed with surgery, less urgent - consider postpone >30 days, less urgent - consider postpone 30-90 days, and case-by-case basis. Finally, we discuss our preoperative clinical pathway for transmission mitigation including defining low-risk and high-risk surgery for transmission and role of preoperative COVID-19 testing. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Head & neck
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/hed.26184
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Management of the Difficult Airway in the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Illustrative Complex Head and Neck Case Scenario
AU  - Rassekh, Christopher H.
AU  - Jenks, Carolyn M.
AU  - Ochroch, E. Andrew
AU  - Douglas, Jennifer E.
AU  - O'Malley, Bert W., Jr.
AU  - Weinstein, Gregory S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: This case highlights challenges in the assessment and management of the "difficult airway" patient in the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic era. METHODS: A 60-year-old male with history of recent TORS resection, free flap reconstruction and tracheostomy for p16+ squamous cell carcinoma presented with stridor and dyspnea one month after decannulation. Careful planning by a multidisciplinary team allowed for appropriate staffing and personal protective equipment, preparations for emergency airway management, evaluation via nasopharyngolaryngoscopy, and COVID testing. The patient was found to be COVID negative and underwent imaging which revealed new pulmonary nodules and a tracheal lesion. RESULTS: The patient was safely transorally intubated in the operating room. The tracheal lesion was removed endoscopically and tracheostomy was avoided. CONCLUSIONS: This case highlights the importance of careful and collaborative decision making for the management of head and neck cancer and other "difficult airway" patients during the COVID-19 epidemic. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Head & neck
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/hed.26175
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Head and neck virtual medicine in a pandemic era: lessons from COVID-19
AU  - Prasad, Aman
AU  - Carey, Ryan M.
AU  - Rajasekaran, Karthik
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has presented the world and physicians with a unique public health challenge. In light of its high transmissibility and large burden on the healthcare system, many hospitals and practices have opted to cancel elective surgeries in order to mobilize resources, ration personal protective equipment and guard patients from the virus. Head and neck cancer physicians are particularly affected by these changes given their scope of practice, complex patient population, and interventional focus. In this viewpoint, we discuss some of the many challenges faced by head and neck surgeons in this climate. Additionally, we outline the utility of telemedicine as a potential strategy for allowing physicians to maintain an effective continuum of care. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Head & neck
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/hed.26174
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Managing the Head and Neck Cancer Patient with Tracheostomy or Laryngectomy During the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Kligerman, Maxwell P.
AU  - Vukkadala, Neelaysh
AU  - Tsang, Raymond K. Y.
AU  - Sunwoo, John B.
AU  - Holsinger, F. Christopher
AU  - Chan, Jason Y. K.
AU  - Damrose, Edward J.
AU  - Kearney, Ann
AU  - Starmer, Heather M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Head & neck
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/hed.26171
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Endocrine Surgery in the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic
AU  - Jozaghi, Yelda
AU  - Zafereo, Mark E.
AU  - Perrier, Nancy D.
AU  - Wang, Jennifer R.
AU  - Grubbs, Elizabeth
AU  - Gross, Neil D.
AU  - Fisher, Sarah
AU  - Sturgis, Erich M.
AU  - Goepfert, Ryan P.
AU  - Lai, Stephen Y.
AU  - Best, Conor
AU  - Busaidy, Naifa L.
AU  - Cabanillas, Maria E.
AU  - Dadu, Ramona
AU  - Gagel, Robert F.
AU  - Habra, Mouhammed A.
AU  - Hu, Mimi I.
AU  - Jimenez, Camilo
AU  - Sherman, Steven I.
AU  - Thosani, Sonali
AU  - Varghese, Jeena
AU  - Waguespack, Steven G.
AU  - Weitzman, Steven
AU  - Ying, Anita K.
AU  - Graham, Paul H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Background In the face of the COVID-19 pandemic, cancer care has had to adapt rapidly given the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the American College of Surgeons (ACS) issuing recommendations to postpone non-urgent surgeries. Methods An institutional multidisciplinary group of Head and Neck Surgical Oncology, Surgical Endocrinology, and Medical Endocrinology devised Surgical Triaging Guidelines for Endocrine Surgery during COVID-19, aligned with phases of care published by the ACS. Results Phases of care with examples of corresponding endocrine cases are outlined. Most cases can be safely postponed with active surveillance, including most differentiated and medullary thyroid cancers. During the most acute phase, all endocrine surgeries are deferred except thyroid tumors requiring acute airway management. Conclusions These guidelines provide context for endocrine surgery within the spectrum of surgical oncology, with the goal of optimal individualized multidisciplinary patient care, and the expectation of significant resource diversion to care for COVID-19 patients. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Head & Neck
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/hed.26169
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/hed.26169
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Commentary on the Management of Total Laryngectomy Patients During the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Hennessy, Max
AU  - Bann, Darrin V.
AU  - Patel, Vijay A.
AU  - Saadi, Robert
AU  - Krempl, Greg A.
AU  - Deschler, Daniel G.
AU  - Goyal, Neerav
AU  - Choi, Karen Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has rapidly spread across the world, placing unprecedented strain on the healthcare system. Healthcare resources including hospital beds, ICUs, as well as personal protective equipment (PPE) are becoming increasingly rationed and scare commodities. In this environment, the laryngectomee (patient having previously undergone a total laryngectomy) continues to represent a unique patient with unique needs. Given their surgically altered airway, they pose a challenge to manage for the otolaryngologist within the current COVID-19 pandemic. In this brief report, we present special considerations and best practice recommendations in the management of total laryngectomy patients. We also discuss recommendations for laryngectomy patients and minimizing community exposures. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Head & neck
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/hed.26183
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Care of Immunocompromised Patients with Head and Neck Cancer During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Two Challenging and Informative Clinical Cases
AU  - Civantos, Alyssa M.
AU  - Carey, Ryan M.
AU  - Lichtenstein, Gary R.
AU  - Lukens, John N.
AU  - Cohen, Roger B.
AU  - Rassekh, Christopher H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND AND METHODS: There is an added level of complexity in the management of head and neck cancer patients with underlying immunosuppressive disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic. Head and neck oncologists are tasked with balancing the dual risks of cancer progression in the setting of impaired tumor immunity and increased susceptibility to life-threatening complications from exposure to viral infection for patients and providers. Through two cases of immunocompromised patients with newly diagnosed head and neck malignancies, we aim to provide guidance to clinicians struggling with how to best counsel and manage this unique subset of patients under these difficult circumstances. RESULTS: After careful consideration of the options, we took different approaches in the care of these two patients. CONCLUSIONS: Ultimately, there is no uniform set of rules to apply to this heterogeneous group of immune-compromised patients. We provide some general principles to help guide patient management during the current pandemic. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Head & neck
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/hed.26165
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - There is no routine head and neck exam during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Chan, Jason Y. K.
AU  - Tsang, Raymond K. Y.
AU  - Yeung, K. W.
AU  - Abdullah, Victor
AU  - Ku, Peter
AU  - Wong, Eddy W. Y.
AU  - Mehta, Nishchay
AU  - Orosco, Ryan K.
AU  - Holsinger, F. Christopher
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Head & neck
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/hed.26168
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Disproportionate impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Head and Neck Cancer Survivors
AU  - Boakye, Eric Adjei
AU  - Jenkins, Wiley
AU  - Sharma, Arun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Head & neck
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/hed.26170
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Study of Nonstructural Protein 1 of SARS Coronavirus
AU  - Nag, Anita
AU  - Valafar, Homayoun
AU  - Pandala, Niharika
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) encoded nonstructural protein 1 (nsp1) orchestrates a multi-pronged mechanism to down regulate host gene expression, also known as host shutoff. Nsp1 is a 180 amino acid long protein with primarily flexible structure that allows nsp1 to interact with various cellular factors during host shutoff to inhibit translation and promote mRNA decay. Mutations of the surface residues of nsp1 either attenuates or augments its host shutoff function prompting the hypothesis that these residues bind cellular proteins that facilitate nsp1 during host shutoff. To identify cellular proteins that interact with nsp1 and assist its function, we conducted a quantitative proteomics experiment by comparing protein complexes associated with nsp1 and its inactive mutant (K164AH165A) and computer modeling to predict structural changes. By comparing protein complexes, we identified a previously undetected mechanism by which nsp1 exploits the nuclear pore complex and disrupts nuclear-cytoplasmic transport of biomolecules. Expression of nsp1 in 293 cells disrupts Nup93 localization around the nuclear envelope without triggering proteolytic degradation of the protein while other nucleoporins and the nuclear lamina remain unperturbed, suggesting a significant alteration of the nuclear pore complex in the presence of nsp1. However, expression of mutant nsp1, which does not bind to Nup93, does not alter the nuclear pore complex. To better understand the structural basis of this protein?s function, we have utilized computational modeling tools, more specifically, I-TASSER (Iterative Threading ASSEmbly Refinement). Structural models of various mutants of nsp1 were obtained (by using I-TASSER) in order to explore the structural impact of different mutations. Our preliminary explorations show significant topological changes on nsp1?s surface for specific mutations. These perturbations of surface properties can provide a steric-based mechanism of interfering with nsp1?s binding or recognition function therefore, aggravating its host shutoff function.
JO  - The FASEB Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 34
IS  - S1
PG  - 1-1
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1096/fasebj.2020.34.s1.02728
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.2020.34.s1.02728
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Social Media Impact on a Plastic Surgery Clinic During Shutdown due to COVID-19 in China
AU  - Wang, Lu
AU  - Gong, Ruicheng
AU  - Yu, Sa
AU  - Qian, Huan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Facial Plastic Surgery & Aesthetic Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - fpsam.2020.0173-fpsam.2020.0173
SP  - fpsam.2020.0173
EP  - fpsam.2020.0173
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1089/fpsam.2020.0173
UR  - https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/fpsam.2020.0173
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Real-time RT-PCR in COVID-19 detection: issues affecting the results
AU  - Tahamtan, Alireza
AU  - Ardebili, Abdollah
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Expert review of molecular diagnostics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/14737159.2020.1757437
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prevention and control measures in radiology department for COVID-19
AU  - Ding, Jinli
AU  - Fu, Haihong
AU  - Liu, Yaou
AU  - Gao, Jianbo
AU  - Li, Zhenlin
AU  - Zhao, Xin
AU  - Zheng, Junhui
AU  - Sun, Wenge
AU  - Ni, Hongyan
AU  - Ma, Xinwu
AU  - Feng, Ji
AU  - Wu, Aiqin
AU  - Liu, Jie
AU  - Wang, Yun
AU  - Geng, Pengfei
AU  - Chen, Yong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since a novel coronavirus was discovered from a cluster of patients with emerging pneumonia of unknown etiology in Wuhan, China, it has spread rapidly through droplet and contact transmission. Recently, the novel coronavirus pneumonia which was named COVID-19 by the World Health Organization (WHO) has been raised as a worldwide problem. Radiological examinations were confirmed as effective methods for the screening and diagnosis of COVID-19. It is reported that some radiologists and radiological technologists were infected when giving examinations to the patients with COVID-19. In order to reduce the infection risk of medical staff in radiology department, we summarized the experience on prevention and control measures in radiology department for COVID-19, aiming to guide the prevention and practical work for radiologists and radiological technologists. • The novel coronavirus spreads rapidly through droplet and contact transmission. • Radiologists and radiological technologists were possibly infected by patients. • Prevention and control measures in radiology department for COVID-19 are important.
JO  - European Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-6
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00330-020-06850-5
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00330-020-06850-5
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A diagnostic model for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) based on radiological semantic and clinical features: a multi-center study
AU  - Chen, Xiaofeng
AU  - Tang, Yanyan
AU  - Mo, Yongkang
AU  - Li, Shengkai
AU  - Lin, Daiying
AU  - Yang, Zhijian
AU  - Yang, Zhiqi
AU  - Sun, Hongfu
AU  - Qiu, Jinming
AU  - Liao, Yuting
AU  - Xiao, Jianning
AU  - Chen, Xiangguang
AU  - Wu, Xianheng
AU  - Wu, Renhua
AU  - Dai, Zhuozhi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Rapid and accurate diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is critical during the epidemic. We aim to identify differences in CT imaging and clinical manifestations between pneumonia patients with and without COVID-19, and to develop and validate a diagnostic model for COVID-19 based on radiological semantic and clinical features alone. A consecutive cohort of 70 COVID-19 and 66 non-COVID-19 pneumonia patients were retrospectively recruited from five institutions. Patients were divided into primary (n = 98) and validation (n = 38) cohorts. The chi-square test, Student’s t test, and Kruskal-Wallis H test were performed, comparing 1745 lesions and 67 features in the two groups. Three models were constructed using radiological semantic and clinical features through multivariate logistic regression. Diagnostic efficacies of developed models were quantified by receiver operating characteristic curve. Clinical usage was evaluated by decision curve analysis and nomogram. Eighteen radiological semantic features and seventeen clinical features were identified to be significantly different. Besides ground-glass opacities (p = 0.032) and consolidation (p = 0.001) in the lung periphery, the lesion size (1–3 cm) is also significant for the diagnosis of COVID-19 (p = 0.027). Lung score presents no significant difference (p = 0.417). Three diagnostic models achieved an area under the curve value as high as 0.986 (95% CI 0.966~1.000). The clinical and radiological semantic models provided a better diagnostic performance and more considerable net benefits. Based on CT imaging and clinical manifestations alone, the pneumonia patients with and without COVID-19 can be distinguished. A model composed of radiological semantic and clinical features has an excellent performance for the diagnosis of COVID-19. • Based on CT imaging and clinical manifestations alone, the pneumonia patients with and without COVID-19 can be distinguished. • A diagnostic model for COVID-19 was developed and validated using radiological semantic and clinical features, which had an area under the curve value of 0.986 (95% CI 0.966~1.000) and 0.936 (95% CI 0.866~1.000) in the primary and validation cohorts, respectively.
JO  - European Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-10
SP  - 1
EP  - 10
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00330-020-06829-2
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00330-020-06829-2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Amiodarone as a possible therapy for coronavirus infection
AU  - Aimo, Alberto
AU  - Baritussio, Aldo
AU  - Emdin, Michele
AU  - Tascini, Carlo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European journal of preventive cardiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 2047487320919233-2047487320919233
SP  - 2047487320919233
EP  - 2047487320919233
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/2047487320919233
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Decline of acute coronary syndrome admissions in Austria since the outbreak of COVID-19: the pandemic response causes cardiac collateral damage
AU  - Metzler, Bernhard
AU  - Siostrzonek, Peter
AU  - Binder, Ronald K.
AU  - Bauer, Axel
AU  - Reinstadler, Sebastian Johannes
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Heart Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa314
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/advance-article/doi/10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa314/5820829
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The EAERE Celebrates Its 30th Anniversary
AU  - de Zeeuw, Aart
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists started around 1990 and celebrates its 30th anniversary this year. The rise of environmental concerns and the wish for more cooperation between scientists within Europe, plus the drive of a few highly motivated people, led to the foundation of this academic institution. This article aims at clarifying the initial steps and the development of this highly successful association. The relationship between economics and the environment is core for the future of our world, and the EAERE was crucial in developing this field. The EAERE has been a stimulus and a home for many scientists who were interested to work in this field and who would otherwise have been quite isolated. The future of the EAERE is bright if it manages to bridge new developments in economics and in the natural sciences, and between academics and policy.
JO  - Environmental and Resource Economics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-10
SP  - 1
EP  - 10
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s10640-020-00422-3
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10640-020-00422-3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Triplex Real-Time RT-PCR for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2
AU  - Waggoner, Jesse J.
AU  - Stittleburg, Victoria
AU  - Pond, Renee
AU  - Saklawi, Youssef
AU  - Sahoo, Malaya K.
AU  - Babiker, Ahmed
AU  - Hussaini, Laila
AU  - Kraft, Colleen S.
AU  - Pinsky, Benjamin A.
AU  - Anderson, Evan J.
AU  - Rouphael, Nadine
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Most reverse transcription PCR protocols for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) include 2-3 targets for detection. We developed a triplex, real-time reverse transcription PCR for SARS-CoV-2 that maintained clinical performance compared with singleplex assays. This protocol could streamline detection and decrease reagent use during current high SARS-CoV-2 testing demands.
JO  - Emerging infectious diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 26
IS  - 7
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3201/eid2607.201285
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Calculated Decisions: Brescia-COVID Respiratory Severity Scale (BCRSS)/Algorithm
AU  - Duca, Andrea
AU  - Piva, Simone
AU  - Focà, Emanuele
AU  - Latronico, Nicola
AU  - Rizzi, Marco
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The Brescia-COVID respiratory severity scale/algorithm is a stepwise management approach to COVID-19 patients based on clinical severity. The BCRSS was rapidly developed in Brescia, Italy, during that nation's COVID-19 crisis. The scale has not been validated or tested in other populations. The BCRSS uses patient examination features along with the need for escalating levels of respiratory support (NIV, intubation, proning) to suggest treatment recommendations. The scale simplifies the clinical summary of a patient's status, and allows clinicians to compare patients to one another and to track the trend of a patient's level of respiratory severity over time.
JO  - Emergency medicine practice
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 22
IS  - 5 Suppl
PG  - CD1-CD2
SP  - CD1
EP  - CD2
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Swivel-HEPA-ETT (SHE) bougie and HEPA-ETT (HE) methods for safe intubation while managing patients with COVID-19
AU  - Lin, Li-Wei
AU  - Hung, Tzu-Yao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Emergency medicine journal : EMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/emermed-2020-209625
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus outbreak is a symptom of Gaia's sickness
AU  - Gatti, Roberto Cazzolla
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Ecological modelling
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 109075-109075
SP  - 109075
EP  - 109075
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2020.109075
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Is Pakistan on track to have COVID-19 transmission and mortality rates similar to those of Italy, Iran or the USA?
AU  - Javed, Bilal
AU  - Sarwer, Abdullah
AU  - Soto, Erik B.
AU  - Mashwani, Zia-Ur-Rehman
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Drugs & therapy perspectives : for rational drug selection and use
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-5
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s40267-020-00726-w
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - EMA advice on renin-angiotensin system medicines during covid-19 pandemic
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Every month, DTB scans sources of information on treatments, disease management and other healthcare topics for key items to bring to our readers' attention and help them keep up to date. To do this, we produce succinct, contextualised summaries of the information concerned.
JO  - Drug and therapeutics bulletin
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/dtb.2020.000026
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - CORONAVIRUS-DAYS IN DERMATOLOGY
AU  - TüRsen, Ümit
AU  - Türsen, Belma
AU  - Lotti, Torello
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Severe acute respiratory syndrome-corona virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is highly contagious and a particularly popular problem in all around the World and also in all departments of every hospital. In order to protect the well-being of healthcare providers while providing a sufficient workforce to respond to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) are vital for pandemic planning. In this article, we will discuss this problem from a dermatological aspect. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Dermatologic therapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/dth.13421
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - EMPLOYING DERMATOLOGISTS ON THE FRONTLINE AGAINST COVID-19: ALL HANDS ON DECK
AU  - Bhargava, Shashank
AU  - Rokde, Richa
AU  - Rathod, Dipali
AU  - Kroumpouzos, George
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Dermatologic therapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - e13420-e13420
SP  - e13420
EP  - e13420
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/dth.13420
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS CoV-2: Recent Reports on Antiviral Therapies Based on Lopinavir/Ritonavir, Darunavir/Umifenovir, Hydroxychloroquine, Remdesivir, Favipiravir and Other Drugs for the Treatment of the New Coronavirus
AU  - Costanzo, Michele
AU  - De Giglio, Maria Anna Rachele
AU  - Roviello, Giovanni Nicola
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Here we report on the most recent updates on experimental drugs successfully employed in the treatment of the disease caused by SARS CoV-2 coronavirus, also referred to as COVID-19 (COronaVIrus Disease 19). In particular, several cases of recovered patients have been reported after being treated with lopinavir/ritonavir (which is widely used to treat human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection) in combination with the anti-flu drug oseltamivir. In addition, remdesivir, which has been previously administered to Ebola virus patients, has also proven effective in the U.S. against coronavirus, while antimalarial chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, favipiravir and co-administered darunavir and umifenovir (in patient therapies) were also recently recorded as having anti-SARS CoV-2 effects. Since the recoveries/deaths ratio in the last weeks significantly increased, especially in China, it is clear that the experimental antiviral therapy, together with the availability of intensive care unit beds in hospitals and rigorous government control measures, all play an important role in dealing with this virus. This also stresses the urgent need for the scientific community to devote its efforts to find other more specific antiviral strategies.
JO  - Current medicinal chemistry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2174/0929867327666200416131117
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - ANZICS guiding principles for complex decision making during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Warrillow, Stephen
AU  - Austin, Danielle
AU  - Cheung, Winston
AU  - Close, Eliana
AU  - Holley, Anthony
AU  - Horgan, Ben
AU  - Jansen, Melanie
AU  - Joynt, Gavin
AU  - Lister, Paula
AU  - Moodie, Stewart
AU  - Nichol, Alistair
AU  - Nicholls, Mark
AU  - Peake, Sandra
AU  - Skowronski, George
AU  - Streat, Stephen
AU  - White, Ben
AU  - Willmott, Lindy
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The global 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has led to major challenges in clinical decision making when the demand for intensive care exceeds local capacity. In order to promote consistent, transparent, objective and ethical decision making, the Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society (ANZICS) formed a committee to urgently develop guidelines outlining key principles that should be utilised during the pandemic. This guidance is intended to support the practice of intensive care specialists during the COVID-19 pandemic and to promote the development of local admission policies that should be endorsed by health care organisations and relevant local authorities.
JO  - Critical care and resuscitation : journal of the Australasian Academy of Critical Care Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
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AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Microvascular COVID-19 lung vessels obstructive thromboinflammatory syndrome (MicroCLOTS): an atypical acute respiratory distress syndrome working hypothesis
AU  - Ciceri, Fabio
AU  - Beretta, Luigi
AU  - Scandroglio, Anna Mara
AU  - Colombo, Sergio
AU  - Landoni, Giovanni
AU  - Ruggeri, Annalisa
AU  - Peccatori, Jacopo
AU  - D'Angelo, Armando
AU  - De Cobelli, Francesco
AU  - Rovere-Querini, Patrizia
AU  - Tresoldi, Moreno
AU  - Dagna, Lorenzo
AU  - Zangrillo, Alberto
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We suggest the use of MicroCLOTS (microvascular COVID-19 lung vessels obstructive thromboinflammatory syndrome) as a new name for severe pulmonary coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We hypothesise that, in predisposed individuals, alveolar viral damage is followed by an inflammatory reaction and by microvascular pulmonary thrombosis. This progressive endothelial thromboinflammatory syndrome may also involve the microvascular bed of the brain and other vital organs, leading to multiple organ failure and death. Future steps in the understanding of the disease and in the identification of treatments may benefit from this definition and hypothesised sequence of events.
JO  - Critical care and resuscitation : journal of the Australasian Academy of Critical Care Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A case of a readmitted patient who recovered from COVID-19 in Chengdu, China
AU  - Li, Xiao-jin
AU  - Zhang, Zhong-wei
AU  - Zong, Zhi-yong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Critical Care
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 24
IS  - 1
PG  - 152-152
SP  - 152
EP  - 152
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s13054-020-02877-8
UR  - https://ccforum.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13054-020-02877-8
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 pneumonia: ARDS or not?
AU  - Gattinoni, Luciano
AU  - Chiumello, Davide
AU  - Rossi, Sandra
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Critical Care
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 24
IS  - 1
PG  - 154-154
SP  - 154
EP  - 154
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s13054-020-02880-z
UR  - https://ccforum.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13054-020-02880-z
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Acute kidney injury in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients
AU  - Fanelli, Vito
AU  - Fiorentino, Marco
AU  - Cantaluppi, Vincenzo
AU  - Gesualdo, Loreto
AU  - Stallone, Giovanni
AU  - Ronco, Claudio
AU  - Castellano, Giuseppe
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Critical Care
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 24
IS  - 1
PG  - 155-155
SP  - 155
EP  - 155
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s13054-020-02872-z
UR  - https://ccforum.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13054-020-02872-z
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and the craniomaxillofacial surgical community
AU  - Susarla, Srinivas M.
AU  - Parmar, Sat
AU  - Fernandes, Rui
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The global outbreak of the novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, or COVID-19, has dramatically transformed all aspects of our daily lives. The continually evolving understanding of the disease process and uncertainty regarding the availability of vital resources have created an unprecedented challenge, matched in magnitude by concerns for the well-being of our patients, families, colleagues, and communities. Our global craniomaxillofacial (CMF) community has met this challenge head on, whether providing care for acute injuries or aggressive pathology, performing modified duties in support of our frontline medical colleagues, assisting in the development of triage and care plans, supporting public health responses, or assisting friends and neighbors in this austere climate. Public health measures for containing the spread of disease (social distancing) and to optimize the allocation of limited resources, such as personal protective equipment, have now been widely adopted and there is hope that they will be effective. Similarly, principles for the safe practice of craniomaxillofacial surgery during this crisis cannot be overemphasized. The AO CMF International Task Force has developed guidelines to support surgeons caring for patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.1 These recommendations trace their evolution to expert opinions and guidelines set forth by a number of national and international societies, as well as the limited, but increasing, available data in the peer-reviewed medical literature. The complete report from the Task Force is available online, and we strongly encourage you to review this document, if you have not already had an opportunity to do so.1
JO  - Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1943387520921325-1943387520921325
SP  - 1943387520921325
EP  - 1943387520921325
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/1943387520921325
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1177/1943387520921325
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Skin Reactions of N95 masks and Medial Masks among Health Care Personnel: A self-report questionnaire survey in China
AU  - Zuo, Ying
AU  - Hua, Wei
AU  - Luo, Yaxin
AU  - Li, Li
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Contact Dermatitis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/cod.13555
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/cod.13555
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mitigating the psychological effects of COVID-19 on health care workers
AU  - Wu, Peter E.
AU  - Styra, Rima
AU  - Gold, Wayne L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1503/cmaj.200519
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chest CT imaging of an early Canadian case of COVID-19 in a 28-year-old man
AU  - Singh, Navneet
AU  - Fratesi, Jennifer
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1503/cmaj.200431
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pediatric Characteristics of 2019 Novel Coronavirus: Review of Available Published Literature
AU  - Yagnik, Priyank J.
AU  - Umscheid, Jacob
AU  - Khan, Abdul Wasay
AU  - Ali, Mazahir
AU  - Bhatt, Parth
AU  - Desai, Pooja H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical pediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 9922820920017-9922820920017
SP  - 9922820920017
EP  - 9922820920017
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/0009922820920017
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The changing patter of COVID-19 in China: A tempo-geographic analysis of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic
AU  - Weiming, T.
AU  - Huipeng, L.
AU  - Gifty, M.
AU  - Zaisheng, W.
AU  - Weibin, C.
AU  - Dan, W.
AU  - Rongbin, Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Evaluating whether an infectious disease has reached a turning point is important for planning additional intervention efforts. This study aimed to analyze the changing patterns and the tempo-geographic features of the COVID-19 epidemic, to provide further evidence for real-time responses. METHODS: Daily data on COVID-2019 cases between 31st Dec. 2019 and 26th Feb. 2020 were collected and analyzed for Hubei and non-Hubei regions. Observed trends for new and cumulative cases were analyzed through joint-point regressions. Spatial analysis was applied to show the geographic distribution and changing pattern of the epidemic. RESULTS: By 26th Feb. 2020, 78,630 confirmed COVID-19 cases had been reported in China. In Hubei, an increasing trend (slope=221) was observed for new cases between 24th Jan. and February 7th Feb. 2020, after which a decline commenced (slope=-868). However, as the diagnosis criteria changed, a sudden increase (slope=5530) was observed on 12th Feb., which sharply decreased afterward (slope=-4898). In non-Hubei regions, the number of new cases increased from 20th Jan. to 3rd Feb. and started to decline afterward (slope=-53). The spatial analysis identified Chongqing, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Changsha, Nanchang, Wenzhou, Shanghai, Xinyang, Jining, and Beijing as the hotspots outside of Hubei province in China. CONCLUSION AND RELEVANCE: The joint-point regression analysis indicated that the epidemic might have been under control in China, especially for regions outside of Hubei province. Further improvement in the response strategies based on these new patterns is needed.
JO  - Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa423
UR  - 
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Comment of the potential risks of sexual and vertical transmission of Covid-19 infection
AU  - Scorzolini, Laura
AU  - Corpolongo, Angela
AU  - Castilletti, Concetta
AU  - Lalle, Eleonora
AU  - Mariano, Andrea
AU  - Nicastri, Emanuele
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa445
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa445/5820874
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Importance of inclusion of pregnant and breastfeeding women in COVID-19 therapeutic trials
AU  - LaCourse, Sylvia M.
AU  - John-Stewart, Grace
AU  - Adams Waldorf, Kristina M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Investigators are employing unprecedented innovation in the design of clinical trials to rapidly and rigorously assess potentially promising therapies for COVID-19; this is in stark contrast to the continued near universal regressive practice of exclusion of pregnant and breastfeeding women from these trials. The few trials which allow their inclusion focus on post-exposure prophylaxis or outpatient treatment of milder disease, limiting the options available to pregnant women with severe COVID-19 to compassionate use of remdesivir, or off-label drug use of hydroxychloroquine or other therapies. These restrictions were put in place despite experience with these drugs in pregnant women. In this Viewpoint, we call attention to the need and urgency to engage pregnant women in COVID-19 treatment trials now in order to develop data-driven recommendations regarding the risks and benefits of therapies in this unique but not uncommon population.
JO  - Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa444
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Sequential analysis of viral load in a neonate and her mother infected with SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Han, Mi Seon
AU  - Seong, Moon-Woo
AU  - Heo, Eun Young
AU  - Park, Ji Hong
AU  - Kim, Namhee
AU  - Shin, Sue
AU  - Cho, Sung Im
AU  - Park, Sung Sup
AU  - Choi, Eun Hwa
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>We report changes in viral load over time in a 27-day old neonate with COVID-19 who presented with fever, cough, and vomiting. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in the nasopharynx, oropharynx, stool, saliva, plasma, and urine. The highest viral RNA copies in nasopharynx decreased over time while viral load in stool remained high.</p>
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa447
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa447/5820869
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Tool to Early Predict Severe Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) : A Multicenter Study using the Risk Nomogram in Wuhan and Guangdong, China
AU  - Gong, Jiao
AU  - Ou, Jingyi
AU  - Qiu, Xueping
AU  - Jie, Yusheng
AU  - Chen, Yaqiong
AU  - Yuan, Lianxiong
AU  - Cao, Jing
AU  - Tan, Mingkai
AU  - Xu, Wenxiong
AU  - Zheng, Fang
AU  - Shi, Yaling
AU  - Hu, Bo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa443
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa443/5820684
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Innovative screening tests for COVID-19 in South Korea
AU  - Choi, Sangchun
AU  - Han, Chul
AU  - Lee, Jisook
AU  - Kim, Sang-Il
AU  - Kim, In Byung
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Recently, the number of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases has increased remarkably in South Korea, so the triage clinics and emergency departments (ED) are expected to be overcrowded with patients with presumed infection. As of March 21st, there was a total of 8,799 confirmed cases of COVID-19 and 102 related deaths in South Korea that was one of the top countries with high incidence rates [1]. This sharp increase in infection is associated with 1) outbreaks in individual provinces, 2) deployment of rapid and aggressive screening tests, 3) dedicated healthcare staffs for virus screening tests, 4) quarantine inspection data transparency and accurate data reporting, and 5) public health lessons from previous Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) outbreaks. This commentary introduces innovative screening tests that are currently used in South Korea for COVID-19, e.g., Drive-Through and Walk-Through tests, and compare the advantages and disadvantages of both methods.
JO  - Clinical and experimental emergency medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.15441/ceem.20.032
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Science Underlying COVID-19: Implications for the Cardiovascular System
AU  - Liu, Peter P.
AU  - Blet, Alice
AU  - Smyth, David
AU  - Li, Hongliang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted health and economy worldwide on an unprecedented scale. Patients have diverse clinical outcomes, but those with pre-existing cardiovascular (CV) disease, hypertension, and related conditions incur disproportionately worse outcome. The high infectivity of the SARS-CoV-2 virus is in part related to new mutations in the receptor binding domain, and acquisition of a furin cleavage site in the S spike protein. The continued viral shedding in the asymptomatic and pre-symptomatic individuals enhances its community transmission. The virus uses the ACE2 receptor for internalization, aided by TMPRSS2 protease. The tissue localization of the receptors correlates with COVDI-19 presenting symptoms and organ dysfunction. Virus-induced ACE2 down regulation may attenuate its function, diminish its anti-inflammatory role, and heightened angiotensin II effects in the predisposed patients. Lymphopenia occurs early and is prognostic, potentially associated with reduction of the CD4+ and some CD8+ T cells. This leads to imbalance of the innate/acquired immune response, delayed viral clearance, and hyper stimulated macrophages and neutrophils. Appropriate type I interferon pathway activation is critical for virus attenuation, and balanced immune response. Persistent immune activation in predisposed patients, such as the elderly and those with CV risk, can lead to hemophagocytosis like syndrome, with uncontrolled amplification of cytokine production, leading to multi-organ failure and death. In addition to the airways and lungs, the cardiovascular system is often involved in COVID-19 early, reflected in the release of highly sensitive troponin and natriuretic peptides, which are all extremely prognostic, particularly in those showing continued rise, along with cytokines such as IL-6. Inflammation in the vascular system can result in diffuse microangiopathy with thrombosis. Inflammation in the myocardium can result in myocarditis, heart failure, cardiac arrhythmias, acute coronary syndrome, rapid deterioration and sudden death. Aggressive support based on early prognostic indicators with expectant management can potentially improve recovery. Appropriate treatment for heart failure, arrhythmias, acute coronary syndrome and thrombosis remain important. Specific evidence based treatment strategies for COVID-19 will emerge with ongoing global collaboration on multiple approaches being evaluated. To protect the wider population, antibody testing and effective vaccine will be needed to make COVID-19 history.
JO  - Circulation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.047549
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Description and Proposed Management of the Acute COVID-19 Cardiovascular Syndrome
AU  - Hendren, Nicholas S.
AU  - Drazner, Mark H.
AU  - Bozkurt, Biykem
AU  - Cooper, Leslie T., Jr.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a rapidly expanding global pandemic due to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. A substantial minority of patients hospitalized develop an Acute COVID-19 Cardiovascular Syndrome (ACovCS) that can manifest with a variety of clinical presentations, but often presents as an acute cardiac injury with cardiomyopathy, ventricular arrhythmias and hemodynamic instability in the absence of obstructive coronary artery disease. The etiology of this injury is uncertain, but is suspected to be related to myocarditis, microvascular injury, systemic cytokine-mediated injury or stress-related cardiomyopathy. Although histologically unproven, SARS-CoV-2 has the potential to directly replicate within cardiomyocytes and pericytes leading to viral myocarditis. Systemically elevated cytokines are also known to be cardiotoxic and have the potential to result in profound myocardial injury. Prior experience with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-1 (SARS-CoV-1) has helped expedite the evaluation of several promising therapies including anti-viral agents, interleukin-6 inhibitors, and convalescent serum. Management of ACovCS should involve a multidisciplinary team including intensive care specialists, infectious disease specialists and cardiologists. Priorities for managing ACovCS include balancing the goals of minimizing healthcare staff exposure for testing that will not change clinical management with early recognition of the syndrome at a time point where intervention may be most effective. The aim of this paper is to review the best available data on ACovCS epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment. From these data, we propose a surveillance, diagnostic and management strategy that balances potential patient risks and healthcare staff exposure with improvement in meaningful clinical outcomes.
JO  - Circulation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.047349
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cerebellar Scholars’ Challenging Time in COVID-19 Pandemia
AU  - Shaikh, Aasef G.
AU  - Mitoma, Hiroshi
AU  - Manto, Mario
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV2, has caused pandemic of highly contagious disease called coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), with epicenters in China, Italy, Spain, and the USA. Primarily affecting the human respiratory system, SARS-CoV2 has some impact on the human brain, but apparently minimal on the cerebellum, at least so far. Neurological involvement in the acute phase appears to manifest with confusion, dizziness, impaired consciousness, propensity to develop acute strokes, anosmia, hypogeusia, ataxia, epilepsy, and neuralgia. Cerebellar scholars are facing a time of uncertainty. Telemedicine has suddenly emerged as an alternative to follow patients. There is an urgent need to develop novel platforms to assess and follow ataxic patients remotely, especially because cerebellar patients often require ambulatory care to maintain their autonomy.
JO  - The Cerebellum
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12311-020-01131-9
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12311-020-01131-9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - AACR Calls on Congress to Take Immediate Action Against COVID-19 and Protect Patients with Cancer During the Pandemic
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - On March 30, 2020 the AACR Board of Directors provided a letter to US Congressional leadership on behalf of its members in response to the COVID-19 public health emergency.
JO  - Cancer Discovery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1158/2159-8290.CD-20-0449
UR  - http://cancerdiscovery.aacrjournals.org/lookup/doi/10.1158/2159-8290.CD-20-0449
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Return of ancestral fears with coronavirus, Covid-19]
AU  - Battin, Jacques
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Bulletin de l'Academie nationale de medecine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.banm.2020.04.007
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Relationships among Lymphocyte Subsets, Cytokines, and the Pulmonary Inflammation Index in Coronavirus (COVID-19) Infected Patients
AU  - Wan, Suxin
AU  - Yi, Qingjie
AU  - Fan, Shibing
AU  - Lv, Jinglong
AU  - Zhang, Xianxiang
AU  - Guo, Lian
AU  - Lang, Chunhui
AU  - Xiao, Qing
AU  - Xiao, Kaihu
AU  - Yi, Zhengjun
AU  - Qiang, Mao
AU  - Xiang, Jianglin
AU  - Zhang, Bangshuo
AU  - Chen, Yongping
AU  - Gao, Cailiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We explored the relationships between lymphocyte subsets, cytokines, pulmonary inflammation index (PPI), and disease evolution in patients with COVID-19. A total of 123 patients with COVID-19 were divided into mild and severe groups. Lymphocyte subsets and cytokines were detected on the first day of hospital admission and lung CT results were quantified by PII. Difference analysis and correlation analysis were performed on the two groups. A total of 102 mild and 21 severe patients were included in the analysis. There were significant differences in CD4(+) T, CD8(+) T, IL-6, IL-10 and PII between the two groups. Significant positive correlations between CD4(+) T and CD8(+) T, IL-6 and IL-10 were observed in the mild group (r(2) = 0.694, r(2) = 0.633; P < 0.01). After "five-in-one" treatment, all patients were discharged with the exception of the four that died. Higher survival rates were obtained in the mild group and IL-6 within the normal group. CD4(+) T, CD8(+) T, IL-6, IL-10 and PPI can be used as indicators of disease evolution, and PPI can be used as an independent indicator for the disease evolution of COVID-19.
JO  - British journal of haematology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/bjh.16659
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How we deal with the COVID-19 epidemic in an Italian pediatric onco-hematology clinic located in a region at high density of cases
AU  - Sainati, Laura
AU  - Biffi, Alessandra
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract The first cases of the novel COVID-19 coronavirus in Italian patients, following the epidemic in China which began in December 2019, were reported on February 20th, 2020. Since then, 15362 deaths and over 124632 positive cases have been registered at the time of writing. The Veneto region and the city of Padua were among the first Italian areas to be interested by the pandemic and have thus far registered a high number of positive cases and deaths.
JO  - British Journal of Haematology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/bjh.16699
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/bjh.16699
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Management of COVID-19 Related Paediatric Blood Samples in a Clinical Haematology Laboratory
AU  - Lam, Joyce Ching Mei
AU  - Moshi, Grace Benjamin
AU  - Ang, Soh Hong
AU  - Chew, Hui Ming
AU  - Ng, Qing Hui
AU  - Madjukie, Andrew
AU  - M, Logeswary
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - There is currently limited knowledge about the transmission risks of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and its associated disease COVID-19 from routine clinical specimens. The first study to be published on the initial 41 cases of COVID-19 infections admitted in Wuhan detected SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the blood of 6/41 (15%) of patients (Huang et. al., 2020) . However, another study conducted on 1070 clinical specimens collected from confirmed COVID-19 patients in China showed the highest positive rates of SARS-CoV-2 from rRT-PCR testing of respiratory specimens such as bronchoalveolar lavage, sputum and nasopharyngeal swabs (32% - 93%). In contrast, only 1% of blood specimens and none of the urine specimens tested positive (Wang et. al., 2020).
JO  - British journal of haematology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/bjh.16721
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Reactive lymphocytes in patients with Covid-19
AU  - Chong, Vanessa Cui Lian
AU  - Lim, Eric Kian Guan
AU  - Fan, Eugene Bingwen
AU  - Chan, Stephrene Seok Wei
AU  - Ong, Kiat Hoe
AU  - Kuperan, Ponnudurai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - From January 23 to February 27, 2020, Singapore had 96 Covid-19 cases confirmed by real time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for SARS-CoV-2. We examined the peripheral blood films of 32 patients and found reactive lymphocytes as shown in the top images in 23 cases (72%). This is in stark contrast to the coronavirus responsible for the 2003 SARS outbreak where reactive lymphocytes of this type were not present in a review of 185 SARS cases in Singapore and were present in only 15.2% of 138 cases in Hong Kong (Chng et al., 2005; Lee et al. 2003).
JO  - British journal of haematology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/bjh.16690
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How can I feel less isolated from colleagues?
AU  - Rimmer, Abi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - For some doctors, professional isolation has been a long standing concern, while for others self-isolation has only recently separated them from their colleagues. Abi Rimmer asks experts how to deal with it Steve Miller, a consultant psychiatrist, says, “The first thing is to ensure that you aren’t isolated even if you’re forced to be alone: use Facebook, WhatsApp, or FaceTime to keep in touch with as many colleagues as possible, past and present. Talk to each other as you normally would when in each other’s company. Sharing can increase a sense of togetherness and lessen isolation. It’s also important to keep up your continuing professional development, reflection, and supervision, this will keep you on top of things and lessen any worries about coping with a backlog on returning to normal working. “When working, plan your day and maintain a routine, sticking to normal work times where possible. Don’t forget to schedule breaks and always plan something pleasant for them. Make sure that you don’t spend all your time working. Now is a good time to read that novel you’ve never had time for, to watch that box set, or to start a new hobby. “When not working, try to keep fit by doing some exercise, there are free instructors on YouTube, and try not to increase your alcohol …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1510-m1510
SP  - m1510
EP  - m1510
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1510
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1510
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: Coronavirus was first described in <i>The BMJ</i> in 1965
AU  - Mahase, Elisabeth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The first description of human coronavirus—a family of viruses that now includes SARS-CoV-2, the cause of the current covid-19 pandemic—was published in The BMJ in 1965. The research, led by virologist David Tyrrell at the Common Cold Unit in Wiltshire, England, involved studying nasal washings from volunteers.1 The researchers found that they could grow several viruses associated with the common cold, but not all of them. One such sample, referred to as B814, turned out to be what we now know as a coronavirus. Using the original B814 nasal …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1547-m1547
SP  - m1547
EP  - m1547
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1547
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1547
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: Mental health consequences of pandemic need urgent research, paper advises
AU  - Mahase, Elisabeth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Research is urgently needed to help understand the mental health consequences of the covid-19 pandemic on healthcare workers and the public, researchers have argued in a position paper published in the Lancet Psychiatry .1 The paper, funded by the Academy of Medical Sciences, looks at the psychological, social, and neuroscientific effects of covid-19. It warns of major adverse consequences of the pandemic, including increased social isolation and loneliness, which are “strongly associated with anxiety, depression, self-harm, and suicide attempts across the lifespan.” The authors suggest a number of immediate and longer term actions to mitigate the mental health consequences of this pandemic and any similar future situations, including better monitoring systems and rapidly rolling out evidence based programmes and treatments that can be accessed remotely. These priorities were informed by two surveys of the public and a panel of 24 experts, including people with lived experience of a mental health issue. The surveys, conducted by …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1515-m1515
SP  - m1515
EP  - m1515
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1515
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1515
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: Japan prepares to extend state of emergency nationwide as “untraceable” cases soar
AU  - Looi, Mun-Keat
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The Japanese government has announced that it will extend the state of emergency to the whole country amid reports of untraceable transmission. On 7 April the prime minister, Shinzo Abe, announced a state of emergency in seven major prefectures, including Tokyo, set to run until 6 May.1 This will now be applied to all 47 prefectures. The health minister, Katsunobu Kato, said that the number of covid-19 patients had doubled since the emergency measures were declared. The Abe government had been considering the capacity and state of healthcare in each region amid worrying signs that the …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1543-m1543
SP  - m1543
EP  - m1543
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1543
UR  - http://www.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmj.m1543
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - To monitor the COVID-19 pandemic we need better quality primary care data
AU  - de Lusignan, Simon
AU  - Williams, John
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BJGP open
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3399/bjgpopen20X101070
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Biobanking During the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Vaught, Jim
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Biopreservation and biobanking
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1089/bio.2020.29069.jjv
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Absence of 2019 Novel Coronavirus in Semen and Testes of COVID-19 Patients
AU  - Song, Ci
AU  - Wang, Yan
AU  - Li, Weiqin
AU  - Hu, Bicheng
AU  - Chen, Guohua
AU  - Xia, Ping
AU  - Wang, Wei
AU  - Li, Chaojun
AU  - Diao, Feiyang
AU  - Hu, Zhibin
AU  - Yang, Xiaoyu
AU  - Yao, Bing
AU  - Liu, Yun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Biology of reproduction
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/biolre/ioaa050
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) and intravascular volume management strategies in the critically ill
AU  - Kazory, Amir
AU  - Ronco, Claudio
AU  - McCullough, Peter A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues to spread across the globe, and millions of people may be affected. While knowledge regarding epidemiologic features and d...
JO  - Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-6
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/08998280.2020.1754700
UR  - https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/08998280.2020.1754700
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Stepping Out of Isolation: Autistic People and COVID-19
AU  - den Houting, Jac
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Autism in Adulthood
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - aut.2020.29012.jdh-aut.2020.29012.jdh
SP  - aut.2020.29012.jdh
EP  - aut.2020.29012.jdh
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1089/aut.2020.29012.jdh
UR  - https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/aut.2020.29012.jdh
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Royal College of Pathologists of Australasia (RCPA) position statement on COVID-19
AU  - Bastian, Ivan
AU  - Waring, Lynette
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - For the detection of early COVID-19 disease, RCPA supports the use of molecular tests for SARS-CoV-2 and strongly opposes the introduction of COVID-19 IgG/IgM rapid tests for this purpose.
JO  - Australian journal of general practice
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 49
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.31128/AJGP-COVID-09
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 outbreak in Italy: protecting worker health and the response of the Italian Industrial Hygienists Association
AU  - Spinazzè, Andrea
AU  - Cattaneo, Andrea
AU  - Cavallo, Domenico M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>The number of people infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome - coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), i.e. the virus causing coronavirus disease (COVID-19), is dramatically increasing worldwide to the size of a pandemic. At the time of writing Italy is ranking first among countries both in terms of number of COVID-19 confirmed cases and in terms of number of deaths. Such a wide spread of COVID-19 has led to concern among workers who are facing the risk of becoming infected during the execution of their duties. We believe it is useful to remark on the need for professional expertise in the field of Occupational Hygiene in this emergency context, in which the indications provided by national and international bodies, the available scientific literature and the legal provisions are constantly and rapidly evolving. It is of fundamental importance that there is an effective analysis of expert inputs, to provide essential guidance to Health, Safety and Environmental managers and other prevention managers in workplaces. In this regard, not only a constant update of the regulatory framework is needed, but also a development and circulation of operational guidance to all the stakeholders to translate general indications into clear operating procedures and implementation tools to be adopted in the workplaces. We believe that the scientific associations in the field of Occupational Hygiene play a crucial role in guiding and assisting prevention professionals. There is considerable expertise in the occupational hygiene and exposure science communities that can help employers and workers to contain and delay the spread of Covid-19. For this reason, the Italian Association of Industrial Hygienists (AIDII - Associazione Italiana degli Igienisti Industriali) published documents containing operational guidelines to provide correct and constantly updated information for: (1) workers employed in essential activities (with low and medium risk of contagion), (2) health workers and other workers at high or very high risk of contagion, and (3) for the correct use and handling of personal protective equipment (PPE) for workers and for the population in general. It is worth pointing out that the documents produced are not intended to replace those produced by authoritative bodies, but to comply with and complete them by reporting an effective summary and further indications about the measures that should be taken in practice under the light of the Italian legislation. At present, the challenge is to produce scientifically-sound knowledge, appropriate tools and effective methodologies, by coordinating the initiatives of different scientific associations, with the final aim to effectively transfer them to employers and workers.</p>
JO  - Annals of Work Exposures and Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/annweh/wxaa044
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/annweh/advance-article/doi/10.1093/annweh/wxaa044/5820967
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Role of immunosuppressive therapy in rheumatic diseases concurrent with covid-19
AU  - Lu, Chenyang
AU  - Li, Shasha
AU  - Liu, Yi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of the rheumatic diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-217460
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SLE, hydroxychloroquine and no SLE patients with covid-19: a comment
AU  - Joob, Beuy
AU  - Wiwanitkit, Viroj
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of the rheumatic diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-217506
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Does hydroxychloroquine prevent the transmission of covid-19?
AU  - Heldwein, Flavio L.
AU  - Calado, Adriano
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of the rheumatic diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-217501
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Festina lente: hydroxychloroquine, covid-19 and the role of the rheumatologist
AU  - Graef, Elizabeth R.
AU  - Liew, Jean W.
AU  - Putman, Michael S.
AU  - Simard, Julia F.
AU  - Sirotich, Emily
AU  - Berenbaum, Francis
AU  - Duarte-García, Alí
AU  - Grainger, Rebecca
AU  - Harrison, Carly
AU  - Konig, Maximilian F.
AU  - Korsten, Peter
AU  - Proulx, Laurie
AU  - Richards, Dawn P.
AU  - Robinson, Philip C.
AU  - Sattui, Sebastian E.
AU  - Ugarte-Gil, Manuel Francisco
AU  - Young, Kristen J.
AU  - Kim, Alfred Hj
AU  - Sparks, Jeffrey A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of the rheumatic diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-217480
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinician Education and Adoption of Preventive Measures for COVID-19: A Survey of a Convenience Sample of General Practitioners in Lombardy, Italy
AU  - Fiorino, Gionata
AU  - Colombo, Matteo
AU  - Natale, Carmela
AU  - Azzolini, Elena
AU  - Lagioia, Michele
AU  - Danese, Silvio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of internal medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7326/M20-1447
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Whole body point of care ultrasound for COVID-19: a multi-system approach to a multi-system disease
AU  - Sikachi, R.
AU  - Agrawal, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract We read with great interest the recent article by Smith et al., which summarised the important role that lung ultrasound can play in patients with COVID-19 [1]. They also explore the mechanisms by which an expanded lung ultrasound workforce can be deployed and advocated for frameworks to support consolidation of lung ultrasound skills and competency during, and after, the pandemic. Ultrasonography is an essential modality that is widely deployed for patients, both in the ICU and on the wards, to diagnose and guide treatment of patients with cardiopulmonary failure. Narasimhan et al. [2] suggested changing from a compartmentalised approach to ultrasound, which focused on a single body system, to a standard whole body sonography which included thoracic, cardiac and limited abdominal scanning, as well as evaluation for deep vein thrombosis.
JO  - Anaesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/anae.15087
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/anae.15087
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Utah Model: mental bandwidth and strategic risk generation in COVID-19 airway management
AU  - Runnels, S.
AU  - Ferranti, D.
AU  - Davis, A. N.
AU  - Pollard, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Airway management in the COVID-19 patient is a point of risk concentration for providers, patients and medical systems. Time is of the essence if medical systems are to turn the tide of collapse seen in Wuhan, Italy, Spain and now New York. We would like to highlight two points arising from our reading of these guidelines; first, failure to minimise aggregate airway management risk poses a strategic threat to our medical systems, and two, it is critical to include the risk of mental bandwidth saturation as a risk for contamination. In addition, we offer a simple, qualitative, mental model that explains how the risk of provider exposure is generated during airway management.
JO  - Anaesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/anae.15086
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/anae.15086
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The use of UV fluorescent powder for COVID-19 airway management simulation training
AU  - Gardiner, C.
AU  - Veall, J.
AU  - Lockhart, S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has made it imperative to rapidly implement changes to typical medical practice in order to minimise spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Many of these changes are non-intuitive or differ significantly from normal practice. For this reason, we read with great appreciation the timely article by Fregene et al. [1], which describes translational simulation leading to increased preparedness at their institution. With the recognition that aerosol generating procedures are of particular importance to practice due to their high risk of virus transmission, we offer an additional tool for COVID-19 airway simulation training that helped consolidate learning and motivate change to practice in hospitals across Vancouver.
JO  - Anaesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/anae.15089
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/anae.15089
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Rigorous Randomized Controlled Trial Implementation in the Era of Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)
AU  - Oldenburg, Catherine E.
AU  - Doan, Thuy
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Rigorous Randomized Controlled Trial Implementation in the Era of Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19).
JO  - The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4269/ajtmh.20-0262
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load in Clinical Samples of Critically Ill Patients
AU  - Huang, Yongbo
AU  - Chen, Sibei
AU  - Yang, Zifeng
AU  - Guan, Wenda
AU  - Liu, Dongdong
AU  - Lin, Zhimin
AU  - Zhang, Yu
AU  - Xu, Zhiheng
AU  - Liu, Xiaoqing
AU  - Li, Yimin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1164/rccm.202003-0572LE
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and vitamin D-Is there a link and an opportunity for intervention?
AU  - Jakovac, Hrvoje
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 318
IS  - 5
PG  - E589-E589
SP  - E589
EP  - E589
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1152/ajpendo.00138.2020
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Can spironolactone be used to prevent COVID-19-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome in patients with hypertension?
AU  - Cadegiani, Flávio A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 318
IS  - 5
PG  - E587-E588
SP  - E587
EP  - E588
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1152/ajpendo.00136.2020
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Plasmacytoid lymphocytes in SARS-CoV-2 infection (Covid-19)
AU  - Foldes, David
AU  - Hinton, Richard
AU  - Arami, Siamak
AU  - Bain, Barbara J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - American Journal of Hematology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/ajh.25834
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/ajh.25834
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Collective Call to Action for HIV/AIDS Community-Based Collaborative Science in the Era of COVID-19
AU  - Shoptaw, Steven
AU  - Goodman-Meza, David
AU  - Landovitz, Raphael J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - AIDS and Behavior
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s10461-020-02860-y
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10461-020-02860-y
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Understanding the Impact of COVID-19 on Latino Sexual Minority Men in a US HIV Hot Spot
AU  - Harkness, Audrey
AU  - Behar-Zusman, Victoria
AU  - Safren, Steven A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - AIDS and Behavior
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-7
SP  - 1
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s10461-020-02862-w
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10461-020-02862-w
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The use of simulation to prepare and improve responses to infectious disease outbreaks like COVID-19: practical tips and resources from Norway, Denmark, and the UK
AU  - Dieckmann, Peter
AU  - Torgeirsen, Kjetil
AU  - Qvindesland, Sigrun Anna
AU  - Thomas, Libby
AU  - Bushell, Verity
AU  - Langli Ersdal, Hege
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In this paper, we describe the potential of simulation to improve hospital responses to the COVID-19 crisis. We provide tools which can be used to analyse the current needs of the situation, explain how simulation can help to improve responses to the crisis, what the key issues are with integrating simulation into organisations, and what to focus on when conducting simulations. We provide an overview of helpful resources and a collection of scenarios and support for centre-based and in situ simulations.
JO  - Advances in Simulation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 5
IS  - 1
PG  - 3-3
SP  - 3
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s41077-020-00121-5
UR  - https://advancesinsimulation.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s41077-020-00121-5
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Project IDentif.AI: Harnessing Artificial Intelligence to Rapidly Optimize Combination Therapy Development for Infectious Disease Intervention
AU  - Abdulla, Aynur
AU  - Wang, Boqian
AU  - Qian, Feng
AU  - Kee, Theodore
AU  - Blasiak, Agata
AU  - Ong, Yoong Hun
AU  - Hooi, Lissa
AU  - Parekh, Falgunee
AU  - Soriano, Rafael
AU  - Olinger, Gene G.
AU  - Keppo, Jussi
AU  - Hardesty, Chris L.
AU  - Chow, Edward K.
AU  - Ho, Dean
AU  - Ding, Xianting
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract In 2019/2020, the emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) resulted in rapid increases in infection rates as well as patient mortality. Treatment options addressing COVID-19 included drug repurposing, investigational therapies such as remdesivir, and vaccine development. Combination therapy based on drug repurposing is among the most widely pursued of these efforts. Multi-drug regimens are traditionally designed by selecting drugs based on their mechanism of action. This is followed by dose-finding to achieve drug synergy. This approach is widely-used for drug development and repurposing. Realizing synergistic combinations, however, is a substantially different outcome compared to globally optimizing combination therapy, which realizes the best possible treatment outcome by a set of candidate therapies and doses toward a disease indication. To address this challenge, the results of Project IDentif.AI (Identifying Infectious Disease Combination Therapy with Artificial Intelligence) are reported. An AI-based platform is used to interrogate a massive 12 drug/dose parameter space, rapidly identifying actionable combination therapies that optimally inhibit A549 lung cell infection by vesicular stomatitis virus within three days of project start. Importantly, a sevenfold difference in efficacy is observed between the top-ranked combination being optimally and sub-optimally dosed, demonstrating the critical importance of ideal drug and dose identification. This platform is disease indication and disease mechanism-agnostic, and potentially applicable to the systematic N-of-1 and population-wide design of highly efficacious and tolerable clinical regimens. This work also discusses key factors ranging from healthcare economics to global health policy that may serve to drive the broader deployment of this platform to address COVID-19 and future pandemics.
JO  - Advanced Therapeutics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 2000034-2000034
SP  - 2000034
EP  - 2000034
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/adtp.202000034
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/adtp.202000034
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The role of children in the transmission of mild SARS-CoV-2 infection
AU  - de Niet, A.
AU  - Waanders, B. L.
AU  - Walraven, I.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract We thank dr. Ludvigsson (1) on his effort to improve knowledge on SARS-CoV-2 infection in children. In trying to understand the spread of the disease, one of the most notable features is that only a small number of severe SARS-CoV-2 infections have involved children. The huge age disparity in disease severity might be one of the most stringent fundamental knowledge gaps.
JO  - Acta Paediatrica
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/apa.15310
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/apa.15310
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Policy to Do Better Next Time: Lessons Learned from the Covid-19 Pandemic
AU  - Yelin, Edward
AU  - Katz, Patti
AU  - Banks, Cristina
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract We write at the end of the second week in April, a necessary introduction since anything we say about the Covid-19 pandemic may be relevant only for the next few days. That?s about the half-life of perceived wisdom in preventing exposure that may give rise to new cases and in providing medical care to existing cases. At the risk of trying to find lessons for the next pandemic while in the midst of the current one, there is much that we have already learned from this one. Weeks ago, in the early stages of the pandemic, several states and localities were at the same point in the pandemic, but have taken dramatically different paths since then. Why? It is the power of exponentiation in which a couple of days can make a huge difference, a geometric difference in prevalence and outcomes.
JO  - ACR Open Rheumatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/acr2.11145
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/acr2.11145
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A living systematic review protocol for COVID-19 clinical trial registrations
AU  - Maguire, Brittany J.
AU  - Guerin, Philippe J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak was identified in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, a strong response from the research community has been observed with the proliferation of independent clinical trials assessing diagnostic methods, therapeutic and prophylactic strategies. While there is no intervention for the prevention or treatment of COVID-19 with proven clinical efficacy to date, tools to distil the current research landscape by intervention, level of evidence and those studies likely powered to address future research questions is essential. This living systematic review aims to provide an open, accessible and frequently updated resource summarising the characteristics of COVID-19 clinical trial registrations. Weekly search updates of the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) and source registries will be conducted. Data extraction by two independent reviewers of trial characteristic variables including categorisation of trial design, geographic location, intervention type and targets, level of evidence and intervention adaptability to low resource settings will be completed. Descriptive and thematic synthesis will be conducted. A searchable and interactive visualisation of the results database will be created, and made openly available online. Weekly results from the continued search updates will be published and made available on the Infectious Diseases Data Observatory (IDDO) website ( COVID-19 website). This living systematic review will provide a useful resource of COVID-19 clinical trial registrations for researchers in a rapidly evolving context. In the future, this sustained review will allow prioritisation of research targets for individual patient data meta-analysis.
JO  - Wellcome Open Res
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32292826
DO  - 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15821.1
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Personality differences and COVID-19: are extroversion and conscientiousness personality traits associated with engagement with containment measures?
AU  - Carvalho, Lucas de F.
AU  - Pianowski, Giselle
AU  - Goncalves, Andre P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - INTRODUCTION: In December 2019, an outbreak of the novel coronavirus, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) probably occurred in Wuhan, China. By March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) had declared a pandemic. Containment measures such as social distancing and hand hygiene were recommended. In this study, we start from the hypothesis that engaging with containment measures in a pandemic situation should be more comfortable for some people than for other people. Thus, individual differences should be associated with engagement with containment measures. OBJECTIVE: To investigate to what extent two personality traits, extroversion and conscientiousness, are associated with engagement with two containment measures (social distancing and handwashing). METHODS: The sample consisted of 715 Brazilian adults aged 18-78 years, who answered the Big Five Inventory 2 Short (BFI-2-S) and factors from the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory 2 (IDCP-2). RESULTS: Higher scores for extroversion were associated with lower means for social distancing (p < 0.001) and higher scores for conscientiousness were associated with higher means for social distancing and handwashing (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The findings indicate the importance of acknowledging extroversion and conscientiousness traits as relevant to people's engagement with the measures recommended for COVID-19 containment.
JO  - Trends Psychiatry Psychother
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32294713
DO  - 10.1590/2237-6089-2020-0029
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Guidelines for dental care provision during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Alharbi, Ali
AU  - Alharbi, Saad
AU  - Alqaidi, Shahad
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak was declared a pandemic on 11 March 2020. Several dental care facilities in affected countries have been completely closed or have been only providing minimal treatment for emergency cases. However, several facilities in some affected countries are still providing regular dental treatment. This can in part be a result of the lack of universal protocol or guidelines regulating the dental care provision during such a pandemic. This lack of guidelines can on one hand increase the nosocomial COVID-19 spread through dental health care facilities, and on the other hand deprive patients' in need of the required urgent dental care. Moreover, ceasing dental care provision during such a period will incense the burden on hospitals emergency departments already struggle with the pandemic. This work aimed to develop guidelines for dental patients' management during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Guidelines for dental care provision during the COVID-19 pandemic were developed after considering the nature of COVID-19 pandemic, and were based on grouping the patients according to condition and need, and considering the procedures according to risk and benefit. It is hoped that the guidelines proposed in this work will help in the management of dental care around the world during and after this COVID-19 pandemic.
JO  - Saudi Dent J
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32292260
DO  - 10.1016/j.sdentj.2020.04.001
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Translating transmissibility measures into recommendations for coronavirus prevention
AU  - Diaz-Quijano, Fredi Alexander
AU  - Rodriguez-Morales, Alfonso Javier
AU  - Waldman, Eliseu Alves
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The rapid increase in clinical cases of the new coronavirus disease, COVID-19, suggests high transmissibility. However, the estimates of the basic reproductive number reported in the literature vary widely. Considering this, we drew the function of contact-rate reduction required to control the transmission from both detectable and undetectable sources. Based on this, we offer a set of recommendations for symptomatic and asymptomatic populations during the current pandemic. Understanding the dynamics of transmission is essential to support government decisions and improve the community's adherence to preventive measures.
JO  - Rev Saude Publica
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32294667
DO  - 10.11606/s1518-8787.2020054002471
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Respiratory diseases, allergy and COVID-19 infection. First news from Wuhan]
AU  - Kanny, G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Rev Fr Allergol (2009)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32292530
DO  - 10.1016/j.reval.2020.03.003
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Controversy regarding ACE inhibitors / ARBs in Covid-19]
AU  - Soria Arcos, Federico
AU  - Romero-Puche, Antonio
AU  - Vicente Vera, Tomas
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Rev Esp Cardiol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32292227
DO  - 10.1016/j.recesp.2020.03.014
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Fulminant myocarditis due to COVID-19]
AU  - Irabien-Ortiz, Angela
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Rev Esp Cardiol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32292228
DO  - 10.1016/j.recesp.2020.04.001
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Coronavirus: the geriatric emergency of 2020. Joint document of the Geriatric Cardiology Section of the Spanish Society of Cardiology and the Spanish Society of Geriatrics and Gerontology]
AU  - Bonanad, Clara
AU  - Garcia-Blas, Sergio
AU  - Tarazona-Santabalbina, Francisco Jose
AU  - Diez-Villanueva, Pablo
AU  - Ayesta, Ana
AU  - Fores, Juan Sanchis
AU  - Vidan-Austiz, Maite
AU  - Formiga, Francesc
AU  - Ariza-Sole, Albert
AU  - Martinez-Selles, Manuel
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - SARS-CoV2 infection, also known as COVID-19 (coronavirus infectious disease-19), was first identified in December 2019. In Spain, the first case of this infection was diagnosed on 31 January, 2020 and, by 30 March 2020, has caused 7340 deaths, especially in the elderly. Due to the rapidly evolving situation regarding this disease, the data reported in this article may be subject to modifications. The older population are particularly susceptible to COVID-19 infection and to developing severe disease. The higher morbidity and mortality rates in older people have been associated with comorbidity, especially cardiovascular disease, and frailty, which weakens the immune response. Due to both the number of affected countries and the number of cases, the current situation constitutes an ongoing pandemic and a major health emergency. Because Spain has one of the largest older populations in the world, COVID-19 has emerged as a geriatric emergency. This document has been prepared jointly between the Geriatric Cardiology Section of the Spanish Society of Cardiology and the Spanish Society of Geriatrics and Gerontology.
JO  - Rev Esp Cardiol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32292226
DO  - 10.1016/j.recesp.2020.03.027
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Distributions of time, place, and population of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from January 20 to February 10, 2020, in China]
AU  - Jin, Lairun
AU  - Zhao, Ying
AU  - Zhou, Jun
AU  - Tao, Mengjun
AU  - Yang, Yang
AU  - Wang, Xingyu
AU  - Ye, Pinkai
AU  - Shan, Shajia
AU  - Yuan, Hui
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Since December 2019, increasing cases of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are being detected worldwide. The purpose of this paper is to provide a scientific reference for the global prevention and control of COVID-19. METHODS: General demographic characteristics, epidemiological history, and clinical symptoms of COVID-19 were collected that had been reported on the websites of multiple Municipal Health Commissions in China. We herein describe distributions in time, place, and population of COVID-19. RESULTS: As of midnight on February 10, 2020, the number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 in China was 42,638, and the province with the largest number of confirmed cases was Hubei (31728), followed by Guangdong (1177), Zhejiang (1117), and Henan (1105) province. The number of cases and the speed of confirmed cases in provinces other than Hubei were more moderate than those of the Hubei province. The median (interquartile range) age of 1740 patients with COVID-19 was 44 (33, 54) years, with a range of 10 months to 89 years. CONCLUSIONS: The COVID-19 epidemic should be considered a global threat and the steps for control include early diagnosis and treatment, as well as isolation.
JO  - Rev Clin Esp
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32292205
DO  - 10.1016/j.rce.2020.04.001
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Determining the spatial effects of COVID-19 using the spatial panel data model
AU  - Guliyev, Hasraddin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This study investigates the propagation power and effects of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in light of published data. We examine the factors affecting COVID-19 together with the spatial effects, and use spatial panel data models to determine the relationship among the variables including their spatial effects. Using spatial panel models, we analyse the relationship between confirmed cases of COVID-19, deaths thereof, and recovered cases due to treatment. We accordingly determine and include the spatial effects in this examination after establishing the appropriate model for COVID-19. The most efficient and consistent model is interpreted with direct and indirect spatial effects.
JO  - Spat Stat
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32292691
DO  - 10.1016/j.spasta.2020.100443
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Science Education in the Era of a Pandemic: How Can History, Philosophy and Sociology of Science Contribute to Education for Understanding and Solving the Covid-19 Crisis?
AU  - Erduran, Sibel
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Sci Educ (Dordr)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32292244
DO  - 10.1007/s11191-020-00122-w
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - All about COVID-19 in brief
AU  - NaserGhandi, Alvand
AU  - Allameh, Seyed Farshad
AU  - Saffarpour, Reyhaneh
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - New Microbes New Infect
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32292590
DO  - 10.1016/j.nmni.2020.100678
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The preventive strategies of GI physicians during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Hormati, Ahmad
AU  - Ghadir, Mohammad Reza
AU  - Zamani, Farhad
AU  - Khodadadi, Javad
AU  - Afifian, Mahboubeh
AU  - Ahmadpour, Sajjad
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - New Microbes New Infect
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32292589
DO  - 10.1016/j.nmni.2020.100676
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Repurposing Didanosine as a Potential Treatment for COVID-19 Using Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Data
AU  - Alakwaa, Fadhl M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As of today (7 April 2020), more than 81,000 people around the world have died from the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic. There is no approved drug or vaccine for COVID-19, although more than 10 clinical trials have been launched to test potential drugs. In an urgent response to this pandemic, I developed a bioinformatics pipeline to identify compounds and drug candidates to potentially treat COVID-19. This pipeline is based on publicly available single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data and the drug perturbation database "Library of Integrated Network-Based Cellular Signatures" (LINCS). I developed a ranking score system that prioritizes these drugs or small molecules. The four drugs with the highest total score are didanosine, benzyl-quinazolin-4-yl-amine, camptothecin, and RO-90-7501. In conclusion, I have demonstrated the utility of bioinformatics for identifying drugs than can be repurposed for potentially treating COVID-19 patients.
JO  - mSystems
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32291351
DO  - 10.1128/mSystems.00297-20
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Coronavirus: from common cold to severe pulmonary failure]
AU  - Hufert, F.
AU  - Spiegel, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019 a new human coronavirus emerged in Wuhan, China, which is known as SARS-CoV2. The clinical course of the disease known as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ranges from mild respiratory symptoms to severe lung failure. The virus is currently rapidly spreading around the world and pushing health systems to the limits of their capacity due to the exponential increase in the number of cases. The origin of SARS-CoV2 lies in the bat coronavirus pool and has now emerged in the human population due to interspecies transmission. Molecular diagnostic methods have been established in a very short time and a number of clinical studies on the effectiveness of different antiviral drugs are ongoing. The development of a vaccine using different approaches is also under investigation.Considering the high number of cases and mortality rates of up to 9% there is an urgent need for action. This article summarizes the current state of knowledge on human coronaviruses with a strong focus on the current data on SARS-CoV2. Due to the daily changing level of knowledge, the article reflects the status up to 21 March 2020.
JO  - Monatsschr Kinderheilkd
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32292213
DO  - 10.1007/s00112-020-00910-2
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical and epidemiologic profile of the initial COVID-19 patients at a tertiary care centre in India
AU  - Gupta, Nitesh
AU  - Agrawal, Sumita
AU  - Ish, Pranav
AU  - Mishra, Suruchi
AU  - Gaind, Rajni
AU  - Usha, Ganapathy
AU  - Singh, Balvinder
AU  - Sen, Manas Kamal
AU  - Covid Working Group, Safdarjung Hospital
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 has now become a pandemic. It has spread from Wuhan, China, in December 2019 to a large number of countries within three months. The objective of this work is to report the initial experience with epidemiologic and clinical features, as well as with the management of COVID-19 patients in India. This is a descriptive case series of the first 21 COVID-19 infected patients confirmed with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and admitted to a tertiary care centre in India from 01.02.2020 to 19.03.2020. Clinical, laboratory, and radiologic data were collected, including age, sex, nationality, travel history, symptoms, duration of stay, and comorbidities. The mean age of the population was 40.3 years with a male preponderance. Thirteen (62%) patients had recent travel history outside India in the previous 30 days, two thirds of whom had travelled to Italy. The most common symptoms were fever and cough (42.9%) followed by sore throat, headache and breathlessness. Vital and laboratory parameters were preserved in all patients and none of them required ventilatory support. Among the first 21 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 infection in India, the typical clinical presentation consisted in a mild upper respiratory tract infection predominantly affecting the young male population. One patient required supplemental oxygen. All patients recovered with no residual symptoms. *The Safdarjung Hospital COVID 2019 working group: Nitesh Gupta, Sumita Agrawal, Pranav Ish, Suruchi Mishra, Rajni Gaind, Ganapathy Usha, Balvinder Singh, Manas Kamal Sen, Shibdas Chakrabarti (Consultant and Head, Pulmonary Medicine); NK Gupta (Professor, Pulmonary medicine); Dipak Bhattacharya (Consultant, Pulmonary medicine); Rohit Kumar (Assistant Professor, Pulmonary Medicine); Siddharth R. Yadav (Assistant Professor, Pulmonary Medicine); Rushika Saksena (Specialist, Microbiology); Rojaleen Das (Assistant Professor, Microbiology); Vikramjeet Dutta (Assistant Professor, Microbiology); Anupam Kr Anveshi (Senior Resident, Microbiology); Santvana Kohli (Assistant Professor, Anaesthesiology); Naveen KV (Assistant Professor, Anaesthesiology); Amandeep Jaswal (Assistant Professor, Anaesthesiology).
JO  - Monaldi Arch Chest Dis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32290644
DO  - 10.4081/monaldi.2020.1294
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Importance of the Minimum Dosage Necessary for UVC Decontamination of N95 Respirators during the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Narla, Shanthi
AU  - Lyons, Alexis B.
AU  - Kohli, Indermeet
AU  - Torres, Angeli E.
AU  - Parks-Miller, Angela
AU  - Ozog, David M.
AU  - Hamzavi, Iltefat H.
AU  - Lim, Henry W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The World Health Organization (WHO) recently released a press report highlighting the severe shortage of personal protective equipment (PPE) that is endangering healthcare workers worldwide during the COVID-19 pandemic.(1) To meet this urgent need, healthcare institutions across the world have begun to utilize the germicidal properties of ultraviolet C (UVC) to decontaminate N95 respirators so that they can be reused.(2) It is clearly crucial that the dose of UVC delivered is sufficient to kill any viable SARS-CoV-2, the causative virus of the COVID-19 pandemic, that may be present on the respirators.
JO  - Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32291807
DO  - 10.1111/phpp.12562
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19 current advice for pathologists
AU  - Firth, John
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Pathologica
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32292181
DO  - 10.32074/1591-951X-12-20
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Experience summary of a COVID-19 designated community hospital and its operation model
AU  - Zhang, Qifeng
AU  - Cheng, Shile
AU  - Cheng, Qingzhou
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECT: To summarize the administration model of a COVID-19 designated hospital transformed from a community hospital to improve the emergency capacity of community hospitals and the efficiency of diagnosis and treatment of medical staff in the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: Analyze the surrounding environment, ward layout, area management, treatment process, medical staff and patient management of the designated community hospital. RESULTS: From February 5, 2020, to February 18, 2020, the designated community hospital has received 198 COVID-19 mild and general patients (including 41 in the hospital at the beginning of the period). Among them, 39 were transferred to module hospitals, 131 were discharged, and 28 were in the hospital at the end of the period, and none of them became severe. There were 41 medical staff, and none of them had COVID-19 infection. CONCLUSIONS: We have achieved excellent results in the prevention and control stratagems implemented in this new community-designated hospital that specializes in treating patients with COVID-19. Its diagnosis and treatment model has completed the treatment of COVID- 19 patients successfully. After adjustment, this community hospital can shoulder the critical task of being a designated hospital for COVID-19, which includes admission, isolation, and therapy of suspected and mild COVID-19 patients, reducing the medical burden of superior hospitals. Furthermore, our experience provides concepts for community hospitals to temporarily undertake medical responsibilities to reduce the spread of COVID-19 during the pandemic.
JO  - Panminerva Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32290643
DO  - 10.23736/S0031-0808.20.03908-7
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 pandemic & head and neck cancer patients management: The role of virtual multidisciplinary team meetings
AU  - Salari, Abolfazl
AU  - Shirkhoda, Mohammad
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Oral Oncol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32291153
DO  - 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2020.104693
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Oncology in the Time of COVID-19
AU  - Hochster, Howard S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Oncology (Williston Park)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32293690
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pathological study of the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) through postmortem core biopsies
AU  - Tian, Sufang
AU  - Xiong, Yong
AU  - Liu, Huan
AU  - Niu, Li
AU  - Guo, Jianchun
AU  - Liao, Meiyan
AU  - Xiao, Shu-Yuan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Data on pathologic changes of the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) are scarce. To gain knowledge about the pathology that may contribute to disease progression and fatality, we performed postmortem needle core biopsies of lung, liver, and heart in four patients who died of COVID-19 pneumonia. The patients' ages ranged from 59 to 81, including three males and one female. Each patient had at least one underlying disease, including immunocompromised status (chronic lymphocytic leukemia and renal transplantation) or other conditions (cirrhosis, hypertension, and diabetes). Time from disease onset to death ranged from 15 to 52 days. All patients had elevated white blood cell counts, with significant rise toward the end, and all had lymphocytopenia except for the patient with leukemia. Histologically, the main findings are in the lungs, including injury to the alveolar epithelial cells, hyaline membrane formation, and hyperplasia of type II pneumocytes, all components of diffuse alveolar damage. Consolidation by fibroblastic proliferation with extracellular matrix and fibrin forming clusters in airspaces is evident. In one patient, the consolidation consists of abundant intra-alveolar neutrophilic infiltration, consistent with superimposed bacterial bronchopneumonia. The liver exhibits mild lobular infiltration by small lymphocytes, and centrilobular sinusoidal dilation. Patchy necrosis is also seen. The heart shows only focal mild fibrosis and mild myocardial hypertrophy, changes likely related to the underlying conditions. In conclusion, the postmortem examinations show advanced diffuse alveolar damage, as well as superimposed bacterial pneumonia in some patients. Changes in the liver and heart are likely secondary or related to the underlying diseases.
JO  - Mod Pathol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32291399
DO  - 10.1038/s41379-020-0536-x
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The missing pieces in the jigsaw and need for cohesive research amidst COVID 19 global response
AU  - Gupta, Naveen
AU  - Singhai, Monil
AU  - Garg, Shubha
AU  - Shah, Dhara B.
AU  - Sood, Vishesh
AU  - Singh, Sujeet Kr
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Med J Armed Forces India
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32292235
DO  - 10.1016/j.mjafi.2020.04.001
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Meeting the Potential Emergency Global Drug Supply Challenge of Hydroxychloroquine for COVID-19
AU  - Zhang, Tony Y.
AU  - Zhong, Boyu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This paper provides an overview of the current global market and manufacturing landscape for hydroxychloroquine (HCQ). The capacity and capabilities of global producers to meet the potential demand for treating patients inflicted with COVID-19 by the novel corona virus SARS-CoV-2, should HCQ's efficacy be established by more definitive clinical trials, is also assessed. Given the large existing manufacturing base and abundance of raw materials for HCQ, the supply challenge can be met with considerable efforts and international cooperation. Preemptive and coordinated emergency efforts among global governments, regulatory agencies, chemical and pharmaceutical industries are imperative for meeting the surge in demand.
JO  - Med Drug Discov
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32292908
DO  - 10.1016/j.medidd.2020.100036
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Potential TRPV1 blockade to treat severe lung dysfunction in COVID-19 infection
AU  - Janda, Kim D.
AU  - Iadarola, Michael J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Med Drug Discov
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32292907
DO  - 10.1016/j.medidd.2020.100034
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - On being human in the face of a pandemic
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As the COVID-19 pandemic sweeps through the world, we must reassess the principles that guide our individual and collective responses and the way we operate in society. In the face of crisis, we must lead with science and humanity.
JO  - Nat Cancer
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32292913
DO  - 10.1038/s43018-020-0062-2
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Palliation in patients with severe COVID-19]
AU  - Ekstrom, Magnus
AU  - Dahlander, Bengt
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) can cause severe respiratory failure and distressing symptoms including fever, cough, breathlessness and anxiety. Symptomatic (palliative) treatment is of fundamental importance both in conjuncture with life-sustaining interventions and in end of life care. Based on the evidence to date, there are several treatment options to consider for the relief of fever (acetaminophen, NSAID, oral glucocorticoids), cough (morphine), breathlessness (morphine, oxygen, fan), anxiety (benzodiazepines) and pain (NSAID, morphine). Top priorities include precautions to protect staff and people at-risk from infection and planning how to provide adequate treatment for each individual depending on setting, including palliative care.
JO  - Lakartidningen
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32293020
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Collapsing Glomerulopathy in a Patient With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
AU  - Larsen, Christopher P.
AU  - Bourne, Thomas D.
AU  - Wilson, Jon D.
AU  - Saqqa, Osaid
AU  - Sharshir, Moh'd A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Kidney Int Rep
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32292867
DO  - 10.1016/j.ekir.2020.04.002
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Launch and global reach of an online COVID-19 course in multiple languages on OpenWHO in the first quarter of 2020
AU  - Utunen, Heini
AU  - Ndiaye, Ngouille
AU  - Piroux, Corentin
AU  - George, Richelle
AU  - Attias, Melissa
AU  - Gamhewage, Gaya
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: At the onset of the coronavirus outbreak, the World Health Organization's (WHO) Health Emergencies Learning and Capacity Development Unit, together with WHO's health technical lead on coronaviruses, developed a massive open online course (MOOC) within just three weeks as part of the global response to the emergency. The introductory COVID19 course was launched on 26 January 2020 on the health emergencies learning platform OpenWHO.org. OBJECTIVE: This article investigates the geographic reach of different language courses accessed by a global audience seeking information on COVID-19. Users' professional identities and background are explored to inform course owners on the use case. The course was developed and delivered via the open-access learning platform OpenWHO.org. The self-paced resources available in a total of 13 languages were produced between 26 January and 25 March 2020. METHODS: Data was collected from the online courses' statistical data and metrics reporting system on the OpenWHO platform. User patterns and locations were analysed based on Google Analytics and the platform's own statistics capabilities, with data sets overlaid. This analysis was conducted based on user location, with the data disaggregated according to the six WHO regions, their top 10 countries and the proportion of use for each language version. Data included affiliation, gender, age and other parameters for approximately 30% of users who indicated their background. RESULTS: As of 25 March 2020, the introductory COVID-19 course totalled 232 890 enrolments across all languages. The Spanish language course comprised more than half (51%) of all course enrolments, while the English language course comprised 37% of enrolments. WHO's Region of the Americas accounted for most of the course enrolments, with more than 72% across all languages. Other regions were more evenly distributed with less than 10% each. 32.4% of users specified professional affiliation by choosing from the 12 most common backgrounds in OpenWHO's user profiles. Before the COVID-19 pandemic, users were spread over the 11 distinct affiliations with small fractions of users identifying themselves as "Other". With the COVID-19 introductory course, the largest number of users selected "Other" (31.7%) suggesting a large non-health professional and academic user load. The top 10 countries of users across all languages were Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, India, Mexico, Peru, Spain, the United Kingdom and the United States of America. CONCLUSIONS: The online course has addressed a global learning need by providing WHO technical guidance packaged in simple formats for access and use. The learning material development was expedited to meet the onset of the epidemic. Initial data suggests that the various language versions of the course, in particular Spanish, have reached new user groups, fulfilling the platform's aim of providing learning everywhere to anyone interested. User surveys will be carried out to measure real impact. CLINICALTRIAL:
JO  - JMIR Public Health Surveill
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32293580
DO  - 10.2196/19076
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Data Mining and Content Analysis of Chinese Social Media Platform Weibo During Early COVID-19 Outbreak: A Retrospective Observational Infoveillance Study
AU  - Li, Jiawei
AU  - Xu, Qing
AU  - Cuomo, Raphael
AU  - Purushothaman, Vidya
AU  - Mackey, Tim
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which began in Wuhan, China in December 2019, is a rapidly spreading global pandemic with over 1.9 million cases globally as of mid-April 2020. Infoveillance approaches using social media can help characterize disease distribution and public knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors critical to the early stages of an outbreak. OBJECTIVE: To conduct a quantitative and qualitative assessment of Chinese social media posts originating in Wuhan City on the Chinese microblogging platform Weibo during the early stages of the COVID-19 outbreak. METHODS: Chinese-language messages from Wuhan were collected for 39 days between December 23, 2019-January 30, 2020 on Weibo. For quantitative analysis, the total daily cases of COVID-19 in Wuhan were obtained from the Chinese National Health Commission and regression was used to fit a linear model to determine if Weibo COVID-19 posts were predictive of the number of cases reported. Qualitative content analysis used and inductive manual coding approach to identify parent classifications of news and user generated COVID-19 topics. RESULTS: 115,299 Weibo posts were collected during the study time frame consisting of an average of 2,956 posts per day (min 0; max 13,587). Quantitative analysis found a positive correlation between the number of Weibo posts and number of reported cases from Wuhan, with approximately 10 more COVID-19 cases per 40 social media posts (p < 0.001). This effect size was also larger than what was observed for the rest of China excluding Hubei provenance (where Wuhan is the capital city) and also held when comparing the number of Weibo posts to the incidence proportion of cases in Hubei province. Qualitative analysis of 11,893 posts during the first 21-days of the study period uncovered four parent classifications including Weibo discussions about the causative agent of the disease, changing epidemiological characteristics of the outbreak, and public reaction to outbreak control and response measures. Generally, these themes also exhibited public uncertainty and changing knowledge and attitudes about COVID-19, including posts exhibiting both protective and higher-risk behavior. CONCLUSIONS: Results of this study provide initial insight into the origins of the COVID-19 outbreak based upon quantitative and qualitative analysis of Chinese social media data at the early epicenter in Wuhan city. Future studies should continue to explore the utility of social media data to predict COVID-19 disease severity, measure public reaction and behavior, and evaluate effectiveness of outbreak communication. CLINICALTRIAL:
JO  - JMIR Public Health Surveill
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32293582
DO  - 10.2196/18700
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Impact of the COVID-19 Epidemic on a Pan-Asian Academic Oncology Clinical Trial
AU  - Segelov, Eva
AU  - Prenen, Hans
AU  - Day, Daphne
AU  - Macintyre, C. Raina
AU  - Foo, Estelle Mei Jye
AU  - Ali, Raghib
AU  - Wang, Quanyi
AU  - Wei, Xiaoting
AU  - Lopes, Gilberto de Lima, Jr.
AU  - Ding, Kefeng
AU  - Chen, Gong
AU  - Chia, John Whay Kuang
AU  - Toh, Han Chong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JCO Glob Oncol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32293940
DO  - 10.1200/GO.20.00072
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Imperfect Cytokine Storm: Severe COVID-19 with ARDS in Patient on Durable LVAD Support
AU  - Chau, Vinh Q.
AU  - Oliveros, Estefania
AU  - Mahmood, Kiran
AU  - Singhvi, Aditi
AU  - Lala, Anuradha
AU  - Moss, Noah
AU  - Gidwani, Umesh
AU  - Mancini, Donna M.
AU  - Pinney, Sean P.
AU  - Parikh, Aditya
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As health systems worldwide grapple with the COVID-19 pandemic, patients on durable LVAD support represent a unique population at risk for the disease. We outline such a patient who developed COVID-19 complicated by "cytokine storm" with severe ARDS and myocardial injury; and describe the challenges that arose during management.
JO  - JACC Case Rep
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32292915
DO  - 10.1016/j.jaccas.2020.04.001
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pathogenic Priming Likely Contributes to Serious and Critical Illness and Mortality in COVID-19 via Autoimmunity
AU  - Lyons-Weiler, James
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Homology between human and viral proteins is an established factor in viral- or vaccine-induced autoimmunity. Failure of SARS and MERS vaccines in animal trials involved pathogenesis consistent with an immunological priming that could involve autoimmunity in lung tissues due to previous exposure to the SARS and MERS spike protein. Exposure pathogenesis to SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 likely will lead to similar outcomes. Immunogenic peptides in viruses or bacteria that match human proteins are good candidates for pathogenic priming peptides (similar to the more diffuse idea of "immune enhancement"). Here I provide an assessment of potential for human pathogenesis via autoimmunity via exposure, via infection or injection. SAR-CoV-2 spike proteins, and all other SARS-CoV-2 proteins, immunogenic epitopes in each SARS-CoV-2 protein were compared to human proteins in search of high local homologous matching. Only one immunogenic epitope in a SARS-CoV-2 had no homology to human proteins. If all of the parts of the epitopes that are homologous to human proteins are excluded from consideration due to risk of pathogenic priming, the remaining immunogenic parts of the epitopes may be still immunogenic and remain as potentially viable candidates for vaccine development. Mapping of the genes encoding human protein matches to pathways point to targets that could explain the observed presentation of symptoms in COVID-19 disease. It also strongly points to a large number of opportunities for expected disturbances in the immune system itself, targeting elements of MCH Class I and Class II antigen presentation, PD-1 signaling, cross-presentation of soluble exogenous antigens and the ER-Phagosome pathway. Translational consequences of these findings are explored.
JO  - J Transl Autoimmun
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32292901
DO  - 10.1016/j.jtauto.2020.100051
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mental Health Care Providers Dealing With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): What Is the Definition of a Case, How Is That Changing, and What Kinds of Tests Are Available?
AU  - Preskorn, Sheldon H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The goal of this column is to inform mental health care professionals about the evolving way the diagnosis of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is being made, with emphasis on tests to assist in making the diagnosis and to determine the presence of antibodies to the virus. This column also provides some general information about the disease, its relative risks, and efforts to develop effective treatments. Links to credible websites that are being continuously updated are also provided for readers who want more information and to stay current with ongoing developments.
JO  - J Psychiatr Pract
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32294077
DO  - 10.1097/PRA.0000000000000473
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Systematic review of the efficacy and safety of antiretroviral drugs against SARS, MERS or COVID-19: initial assessment
AU  - Ford, Nathan
AU  - Vitoria, Marco
AU  - Rangaraj, Ajay
AU  - Norris, Susan L.
AU  - Calmy, Alexandra
AU  - Doherty, Meg
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - INTRODUCTION: Several antiretroviral drugs are being considered for the treatment of COVID-19, the disease caused by a newly identified coronavirus, (SARS-CoV-2). We systematically reviewed the clinical outcomes of using antiretroviral drugs for the prevention and treatment of coronaviruses and planned clinical trials. METHODS: Three databases were screened from inception to 30 March 2020 for studies reporting clinical outcomes of patients with SARS, MERS or COVID-19 treated with antiretrovirals. RESULTS: From an initial screen of 433 titles, two randomized trials and 24 observational studies provided clinical outcome data on the use of antiretroviral drugs; most studies reported outcomes using LPV/r as treatment. Of the 21 observational studies reporting treatment outcomes, there were three studies among patients with SARS, six studies among patients with MERS and 12 studies among patients with COVID-19. In one randomized trial 99 patients with severe COVID-19 illness were randomized to receive LPV/r (400/100 mg twice a day) and 100 patients to standard of care for 14 days: LPV/r was not associated with a statistically significant difference in time to clinical improvement, although LPV/r given within 12 days of symptoms was associated with shorter time to clinical improvement; 28 day mortality was numerically lower in the LPV/r group (14/99) compared to the control group (25/100), but this difference was not statistically significant. The second trial found no benefit. The certainty of the evidence for the randomized trials was low. In the observational studies 3 out of 361 patients who received LPV/r died; the certainty of evidence was very low. Three studies reported a possible protective effect of LPV/r as post-exposure prophylaxis. Again, the certainty of the evidence was very low due to uncertainty due to limited sample size. CONCLUSIONS: On the basis of the available evidence it is uncertain whether LPV/r and other antiretrovirals improve clinical outcomes or prevent infection among patients at high risk of acquiring COVID-19.
JO  - J Int AIDS Soc
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32293807
DO  - 10.1002/jia2.25489
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Reflections on the quality of health care after the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic
AU  - Carrasco, Genis
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Healthc Qual Res
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32291082
DO  - 10.1016/j.jhqr.2020.03.004
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Presentation of pulmonary infection on CT in COVID-19: initial experience in Brazil
AU  - Chate, Rodrigo Caruso
AU  - Fonseca, Eduardo Kaiser Ururahy Nunes
AU  - Passos, Rodrigo Bastos Duarte
AU  - Teles, Gustavo Borges da Silva
AU  - Shoji, Hamilton
AU  - Szarf, Gilberto
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The disease caused by the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), designated COVID-19, emerged in late 2019 in China, in the city of Wuhan (Hubei province), and showed exponential growth in that country. It subsequently spread to all continents, and infection with SARS-CoV-2 is now classified as a pandemic. Given the magnitude achieved, scientific interest in COVID-19 has also grown in the international literature, including its manifestations on imaging studies, particularly on CT. To date, no case series have been published in Brazil. Therefore, our objective was to describe the CT findings in an initial series of 12 patients.
JO  - J Bras Pneumol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32294718
DO  - 10.36416/1806-3756/e20200121
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Death and contagious infectious diseases: Impact of the COVID-19 virus on stock market returns
AU  - Al-Awadhi, Abdullah M.
AU  - Al-Saifi, Khaled
AU  - Al-Awadhi, Ahmad
AU  - Alhamadi, Salah
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This study investigates whether contagious infectious diseases affect stock market outcomes. As a natural experiment, we use panel data regression analysis to measure the effect of the COVID-19 virus, which is a contagious infectious disease, on the Chinese stock market. The findings indicate that both the daily growth in total confirmed cases and in total cases of death caused by COVID-19 have significant negative effects on stock returns across all companies.
JO  - J Behav Exp Finance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32292707
DO  - 10.1016/j.jbef.2020.100326
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Holistic care for patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019: An expert consensus
AU  - Wang, Hui
AU  - Zeng, Tieying
AU  - Wu, Xinjuan
AU  - Sun, Hong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To standardize the holistic care for patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: The consensus was preliminarily formed by combining relevant literature findings and frontline medical working experiences, and it was eventually confirmed by five rounds of online discussions and expert consultations. Results: This consensus included nursing assessment, nursing priorities, nursing goals, and thirteen key points of nursing procedures such as nursing of oxygen therapy and respiratory nursing. Conclusion: This scientific and practical consensus guideline can provide clinical guidance on the holistic nursing care of patients with severe COVID-19.
JO  - Int J Nurs Sci
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32292634
DO  - 10.1016/j.ijnss.2020.03.010
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Taking the right measures to control COVID-19 in ophthalmology: the experience of a tertiary eye care referral center in Italy
AU  - Borrelli, Enrico
AU  - Sacconi, Riccardo
AU  - Querques, Lea
AU  - Zucchiatti, Ilaria
AU  - Prascina, Francesco
AU  - Bandello, Francesco
AU  - Querques, Giuseppe
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Eye (Lond)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32291402
DO  - 10.1038/s41433-020-0880-6
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Do checkpoint inhibitors compromise the cancer patients' immunity and increase the vulnerability to COVID-19 infection?
AU  - Kattan, Joseph
AU  - Kattan, Clarisse
AU  - Assi, Tarek
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2) has been declared a pandemic by the WHO that claimed the lives of thousands of people within a few months. Cancer patients represent a vulnerable population due to the acquired immunodeficiency associated with anti-cancer therapy. Immune checkpoint inhibitors have largely impacted the prognosis of a multitude of malignancies with significant improvement in survival outcomes and a different, tolerable toxicity profile. In this paper, we assess the safety of ICI administration in cancer patients during the coronavirus pandemic in order to guide the usage of these highly efficacious agents.
JO  - Immunotherapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32290754
DO  - 10.2217/imt-2020-0077
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Covid-19 and some ethical issues in France]
AU  - Charlier, Philippe
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Ethics Med Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32292810
DO  - 10.1016/j.jemep.2020.100510
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Nonpharmaceutical interventions for tackling the COVID-19 epidemic in Brazil
AU  - Garcia, Leila Posenato
AU  - Duarte, Elisete
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Epidemiol Serv Saude
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32294756
DO  - 10.5123/S1679-49742020000200009
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cytosine drives evolution of SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Danchin, Antoine
AU  - Marliere, Philippe
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Environ Microbiol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32291894
DO  - 10.1111/1462-2920.15025
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2: The world should face the reality
AU  - Morawska, Lidia
AU  - Cao, Junji
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Hand washing and maintaining social distance are the main measures recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) to avoid contracting COVID-19. Unfortunately, these measured do not prevent infection by inhalation of small droplets exhaled by an infected person that can travel distance of meters or tens of meters in the air and carry their viral content. Science explains the mechanisms of such transport and there is evidence that this is a significant route of infection in indoor environments. Despite this, no countries or authorities consider airborne spread of COVID-19 in their regulations to prevent infections transmission indoors. It is therefore extremely important, that the national authorities acknowledge the reality that the virus spreads through air, and recommend that adequate control measures be implemented to prevent further spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, in particularly removal of the virus-laden droplets from indoor air by ventilation.
JO  - Environ Int
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32294574
DO  - 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105730
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Structured thoracic computed tomography report for COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Shoji, Hamilton
AU  - Fonseca, Eduardo Kaiser Ururahy Nunes
AU  - Teles, Gustavo Borges da Silva
AU  - Passos, Rodrigo Bastos Duarte
AU  - Yanata, Elaine
AU  - Silva, Murilo Marques Almeida
AU  - Funari, Marcelo Buarque de Gusmao
AU  - Sasdelli Neto, Roberto
AU  - Ishikawa, Walther Yoshiharu
AU  - Chate, Rodrigo Caruso
AU  - Szarf, Gilberto
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Einstein (Sao Paulo)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32294704
DO  - 10.31744/einstein_journal/2020ED5720
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus infections: Epidemiological, clinical and immunological features and hypotheses
AU  - Raoult, Didier
AU  - Zumla, Alimuddin
AU  - Locatelli, Franco
AU  - Ippolito, Giuseppe
AU  - Kroemer, Guido
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronaviruses (CoVs) are a large family of enveloped, positive-strand RNA viruses. Four human CoVs (HCoVs), the non-severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-like HCoVs (namely HCoV 229E, NL63, OC43, and HKU1), are globally endemic and account for a substantial fraction of upper respiratory tract infections. Non-SARS-like CoV can occasionally produce severe diseases in frail subjects but do not cause any major (fatal) epidemics. In contrast, SARS like CoVs (namely SARS-CoV and Middle-East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, MERS-CoV) can cause intense short-lived fatal outbreaks. The current epidemic caused by the highly contagious SARS-CoV-2 and its rapid spread globally is of major concern. There is scanty knowledge on the actual pandemic potential of this new SARS-like virus. It might be speculated that SARS-CoV-2 epidemic is grossly underdiagnosed and that the infection is silently spreading across the globe with two consequences: (i) clusters of severe infections among frail subjects could haphazardly occur linked to unrecognized index cases; (ii) the current epidemic could naturally fall into a low-level endemic phase when a significant number of subjects will have developed immunity. Understanding the role of paucisymptomatic subjects and stratifying patients according to the risk of developing severe clinical presentations is pivotal for implementing reasonable measures to contain the infection and to reduce its mortality. Whilst the future evolution of this epidemic remains unpredictable, classic public health strategies must follow rational patterns. The emergence of yet another global epidemic underscores the permanent challenges that infectious diseases pose and underscores the need for global cooperation and preparedness, even during inter-epidemic periods.
JO  - Cell Stress
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32292881
DO  - 10.15698/cst2020.04.216
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mental health advice for frontline healthcare providers caring for patients with COVID-19
AU  - Alikhani, Rosa
AU  - Salimi, Alireza
AU  - Hormati, Ahmad
AU  - Aminnejad, Reza
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Can J Anaesth
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32291624
DO  - 10.1007/s12630-020-01650-3
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Schizophrenia and COVID-19: risks and recommendations
AU  - Fonseca, Lais
AU  - Diniz, Elton
AU  - Mendonca, Guilherme
AU  - Malinowski, Fernando
AU  - Mari, Jair
AU  - Gadelha, Ary
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Braz J Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32294689
DO  - 10.1590/1516-4446-2020-0010
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis: how to manage Immunosuppressants in COVID-19 days
AU  - Coletto, L. A.
AU  - Favalli, E. G.
AU  - Caporali, R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Dermatol Ther
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32291828
DO  - 10.1111/dth.13415
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Goes Viral: Quantifying the COVID-19 Misinformation Epidemic on Twitter
AU  - Kouzy, Ramez
AU  - Abi Jaoude, Joseph
AU  - Kraitem, Afif
AU  - El Alam, Molly B.
AU  - Karam, Basil
AU  - Adib, Elio
AU  - Zarka, Jabra
AU  - Traboulsi, Cindy
AU  - Akl, Elie W.
AU  - Baddour, Khalil
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background Since the beginning of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic, misinformation has been spreading uninhibited over traditional and social media at a rapid pace. We sought to analyze the magnitude of misinformation that is being spread on Twitter (Twitter, Inc., San Francisco, CA) regarding the coronavirus epidemic. Materials and methods We conducted a search on Twitter using 14 different trending hashtags and keywords related to the COVID-19 epidemic. We then summarized and assessed individual tweets for misinformation in comparison to verified and peer-reviewed resources. Descriptive statistics were used to compare terms and hashtags, and to identify individual tweets and account characteristics. Results The study included 673 tweets. Most tweets were posted by informal individuals/groups (66%), and 129 (19.2%) belonged to verified Twitter accounts. The majority of included tweets contained serious content (91.2%); 548 tweets (81.4%) included genuine information pertaining to the COVID-19 epidemic. Around 70% of the tweets tackled medical/public health information, while the others were pertaining to sociopolitical and financial factors. In total, 153 tweets (24.8%) included misinformation, and 107 (17.4%) included unverifiable information regarding the COVID-19 epidemic. The rate of misinformation was higher among informal individual/group accounts (33.8%, p: <0.001). Tweets from unverified Twitter accounts contained more misinformation (31.0% vs 12.6% for verified accounts, p: <0.001). Tweets from healthcare/public health accounts had the lowest rate of unverifiable information (12.3%, p: 0.04). The number of likes and retweets per tweet was not associated with a difference in either false or unverifiable content. The keyword "COVID-19" had the lowest rate of misinformation and unverifiable information, while the keywords "#2019_ncov" and "Corona" were associated with the highest amount of misinformation and unverifiable content respectively. Conclusions Medical misinformation and unverifiable content pertaining to the global COVID-19 epidemic are being propagated at an alarming rate on social media. We provide an early quantification of the magnitude of misinformation spread and highlight the importance of early interventions in order to curb this phenomenon that endangers public safety at a time when awareness and appropriate preventive actions are paramount.
JO  - Cureus
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32292669
DO  - 10.7759/cureus.7255
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How should health systems prepare for the evolving COVID-19 pandemic? Reflections from the perspective of a Tertiary Cancer Center
AU  - Chen, Andre Tsin Chih
AU  - Moniz, Camila Motta Venchiarutti
AU  - Ribeiro-Junior, Ulysses
AU  - Diz, Maria Del Pilar Estevez
AU  - Salvajoli, Joao Victor
AU  - Da Conceicao Vasconcelos, Karina Gondim Moutinho
AU  - Auler-Junior, Jose Otavio Costa
AU  - Cecconello, Ivan
AU  - Abdala, Edson
AU  - Hoff, Paulo Marcelo Gehm
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinics (Sao Paulo)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32294673
DO  - 10.6061/clinics/2020/e1864
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Southern Italy: How the supply of radiation therapy, patient outcomes, and risk to health care providers have changed during the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Portaluri, Maurizio
AU  - Tramacere, Francesco
AU  - Portaluri, Tommaso
AU  - Gianicolo, Emilio A. L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Adv Radiat Oncol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32292843
DO  - 10.1016/j.adro.2020.03.016
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Running a Radiation Oncology Department at the time of coronavirus: an Italian experience
AU  - Krengli, Marco
AU  - Ferrara, Eleonora
AU  - Mastroleo, Federico
AU  - Brambilla, Marco
AU  - Ricardi, Umberto
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Starting from Wuhan, China, SARS-CoV-2 has been a catastrophic epidemic involving many countries worldwide. After China, Italy has been heavily affected and severe measures to limit the spread have been taken in the last weeks. Radiation Oncology departments must guarantee optimal cancer treatments even in such a challenging scenario of an ongoing aggressive epidemic. Adopted preventive measures and recommendations are highlighted for patients, professionals and clinical operations to minimize the risk of infection while safely treating cancer patients.
JO  - Adv Radiat Oncol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32292837
DO  - 10.1016/j.adro.2020.03.003
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Peritoneal Dialysis in the Current Pandemic Crisis: An Opportunity for Reflection]
AU  - Domingos, Ana
AU  - Guedes, Anabela Malho
AU  - Neves, Pedro Leao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Acta Med Port
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32290949
DO  - 10.20344/amp.13887
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Mental Health]
AU  - Afonso, Pedro
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Acta Med Port
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32293558
DO  - 10.20344/amp.13877
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Importance of Chest CT Scan in COVID-19
AU  - Tenda, Eric Daniel
AU  - Yulianti, Mira
AU  - Asaf, Moses Mazmur
AU  - Yunus, Reyhan Eddy
AU  - Septiyanti, Wita
AU  - Wulani, Vally
AU  - Pitoyo, Ceva Wicaksono
AU  - Rumende, Cleopas Martin
AU  - Setiati, Siti
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly transmissible acute respiratory disease that is caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoronaVirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), a beta coronavirus first discovered in Wuhan, China, in late 2019. COVID-19 has been spreading swiftly globally, and as of March 2020, has been officially declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). One of the challenges in managing COVID-19 is the identification of a swift, accessible, and reliable diagnostic modality that could serve as an alternative to a reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). As of the writing of this paper, RT-PCR is still the recommended tool in diagnosing COVID-19, but the notion of a more prompt and accurate diagnostic tool is a possibility worth looking into. The objective of this case study is to investigate the importance and utility of chest computed tomography (CT) in the diagnosis of COVID-19, as increasing pieces of evidence suggest that chest CT could prove useful in the clinical pathway in diagnosing COVID-19.
JO  - Acta Med Indones
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32291374
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Diagnosing COVID-19: Did We Miss Anything?
AU  - Tenda, Eric Daniel
AU  - Asaf, Moses Mazmur
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In late 2019, a mass of patients showing symptoms of a pneumonia-like disease of unknown origin emerged in Wuhan, China. Little did the world know it was the prelude of what would be a devastating pandemic. Samples were collected from these patients and the use of unbiased sequencing, and subsequent isolation of the pathogen using human airway epithelial cells led to the discovery of a novel coronavirus, named 2019-nCoV by the World Health Organization (WHO) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoronaVirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. The disease caused by this virus is officially called the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
JO  - Acta Med Indones
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32291365
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and Indonesia
AU  - Setiati, Siti
AU  - Azwar, Muhammad Khifzhon
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is an ongoing problem in more than 200 countries in the world. Indonesia has been greatly affected by COVID-19 with case fatality rate (CFR) being 8.9% in the end of March 2020. We have some room for improvement related to the unreadingess of healthcare facility and the major steps taken by the government. It is suggested that the country should have stricter Stay-at-Home notice, suppress the spread by imposing lockdown on a large scale, improve healthcare service, and increase the availability of personal protective equipments (PPE). It is important to avoid an epidemic peak that potentially overwhelms healthcare service by quarantining the case contacts. Lockdown may prolong the epidemic doubling time significantly. Demand of health system is likely to grow since the number of COVID-19 case is likely to rise. Effective procedures for protecting medical staff from infection are essential. Scientific research in Indonesia is also crucial to provide suggestion and recommendation pertinent to COVID-19.
JO  - Acta Med Indones
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32291377
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical Progression of COVID-19 Patient with Extended Incubation Period, Delayed RT-PCR Time-to-positivity, and Potential Role of Chest CT-scan
AU  - Burhan, Erlina
AU  - Prasenohadi, Prasenohadi
AU  - Rogayah, Rita
AU  - Isbaniyah, Fathiyah
AU  - Reisa, Tina
AU  - Dharmawan, Ibrahim
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), previously called 2019-nCoV, is a novel disease caused by SARS- CoV-2 which was first identified as outbreak of unknown respiratory illness in Wuhan, China. COVID- 19 was declared as global health emergency by WHO on March 11, 2020 and quickly elevated to global pandemic on 11 March 2020. COVID-19 symptom is highly various in each patient, with fever, fatigue, shortness of breath, and cough as the main presenting symptoms. Patient with COVID-19 may shows severe symptom with severe pneumonia and ARDS, mild symptom resembling simple upper respiration tract infection, or even completely asymptomatic. Approximately 80% of cases is mild. However the number may changes as more people are getting tested. Some experts are estimating that up to 50% of all cases may be asymptomatic carrier.
JO  - Acta Med Indones
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32291376
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Gastrointestinal Presentation in COVID-19 in Indonesia: A Case Report
AU  - Azwar, Muhammad Khifzhon
AU  - Kirana, Fauzia
AU  - Kurniawan, Adi
AU  - Handayani, Sri
AU  - Setiati, Siti
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is currently causing a widespread infection in the world. During the pandemic, physicians may need to raise the index of suspicion earlier in at-risk patients presenting with gastrointestinal symptoms, which are uncommon findings in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. We report a patient in Indonesia with chest pain and gastrointestinal symptoms who was later confirmed to have SARS-CoV-2 infection after spending days of hospitalisation in the standard ward.
JO  - Acta Med Indones
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32291373
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Hydroxychloroquine use during the COVID-19 pandemic 2020
AU  - Mack, Heather G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - At present, there are no studies demonstrating the clinical efficacy of hydroxychloroquine for the prophylaxis or treatment of COVID-19 infection.
JO  - Aust J Gen Pract
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32294807
DO  - 10.31128/AJGP-COVID-08
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Consideraciones en la Atención Odontológica de Urgencia en Contexto de Coronavirus COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2)
AU  - Verdugo, Cristóbal Sepúlveda
AU  - Álvarez, Alfio Secchi
AU  - Donoso-Hofer, Francisca
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Los Coronavirus son una familia de virus de amplia distribución en la naturaleza presentes principalmente en los animales. El Covid-19 es la enfermedad causada por el coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), que fue identificado y caracterizado en enero de 2020 en China. Los profesionales del área odontológica deben tomar todas las medidas de protección al tener que realizar una atención de urgencia, lavado de manos y utilización de equipos de protección personal. Para cada una de las urgencias odontológicas consideradas en la guía del Ministerio de Salud de Chile se dan recomendaciones para el actuar y posterior desechos e higienización de materiales. El objetivo de este artículo de revisión es entregar recomendaciones actualizadas y atingentes a nuestra realidad nacional a fin de disminuir las posibilidades de contagio ante la exposición inminente de pacientes sospechosos o que pudiesen presentar Covid-19.
JO  - Int. j. odontostomatol. (Print)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 14
IS  - 3
PG  - [279-284]
SP  - [279
EP  - 284]
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://www.ijodontostomatology.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/2020_v14n3_003.pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Consideraciones para la Atención de Urgencia Odontológica y Medidas Preventivas para COVID-19 (SARS-CoV 2)
AU  - Salas, Cristóbal Araya
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - El siguiente artículo busca presentar diversas consideraciones para la atención odontológica a fin de disminuir riesgo de exposición al virus «Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)¼ para el profesional odontólogo. La higiene y el lavado de manos tanto de profesionales como de pacientes, es considerado uno de los puntos más críticos para reducir el contagio. Los odontólogos también deben preferir procedimientos electivos, en caso de atención de urgencias tomar medidas estrictas de bioseguridad para la protección de la piel y mucosas y considerar diferir en lo posible la atención odontológica en pacientes con signos y síntomas de Coronavirus (COVID-19).
JO  - Int. j. odontostomatol. (Print)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 14
IS  - 3
PG  - [1-3]
SP  - [1
EP  - 3]
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://www.ijodontostomatology.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/2020_v14n3_001.pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - El COVID-19 también Afecta el Sistema Nervioso por una de sus Compuertas: El Órgano Vascular de la Lámina Terminal y el Nervio Olfatorio. Alerta Neurológica, Prueba de Disosmia o Anosmia Puede Ayudar a Un Diagnóstico Rápido
AU  - Parra, Jorge Eduardo Duque
AU  - Montoya, Daniela Duque
AU  - Peláez, Félix John César
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Se presenta una breve revisión de órgano vascular de la lámina terminal (organum vasculosum laminae terminalis) y el nervio olfatorio, el primero un elemento neuroanatómico hipotalámico relacionado con la producción de hormona antidiurética y su asociación como una vía potencial de invasión del COVID-19 al sistema nervioso central, afectando la regulación fisiológica de liberación de hormonas relacionadas con la homeostásis del sodio. También se vincula el neurotropismo de este virus al asociarse con el nervio olfatorio, una evaginación del cerebro en la que se altera su funcionalidad por generación de disosmia entre otras características neurosemiológicas. Se plantea la necesidad de advertir a los profesionales de la salud en general y a los neurólogos en especial, sobre las potenciales alteraciones neurológicas relacionadas con esta pandemia antes y después del contagio de este virus e implementar una prueba olfatoria rápida con ácido acético, incluso antes de otras valoraciones como hipertérmia, tos y cefalalgia.
JO  - Int. j. odontostomatol. (Print)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 14
IS  - 3
PG  - [285-287]
SP  - [285
EP  - 287]
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://www.ijodontostomatology.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/2020_v14n3_004.pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Impacto del COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) a Nivel Mundial, Implicancias y Medidas Preventivas en la Práctica Dental y sus Consecuencias Psicológicas en los Pacientes
AU  - Coelho, Marcial Guiñez
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - En diciembre de 2019, en China surgió un nuevo brote de neumonía la cual fue identificada como SARS-CoV-2 el cual tiene una rápida propagación al ser trasmitido principalmente mediante tos, estornudo o contacto. Presenta diversos síntomas como fiebre, tos seca y mialgia. Puede afectar a cualquier edad siendo principalmente leve y con resolución espontánea, pero en personas mayores y/o con comorbilidades puede presentar un curso severo o mortal. Para su diagnóstico es importante evaluar la presencia de fiebre, realizar una historia epidemiológica, TC de tórax y pruebas de laboratorio como RT-PCR o muestras del tracto respiratorio.Se realizó una revisión sistemática cualitativa realizando una búsqueda en las bases de datos Medline y ClinicalKey, se encontraron 72 artículos, los cuales se leyeron por completo, de ellos 16 cumplieron los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. La gran parte de las acciones odontológicas producen gotas o aerosoles, por esta razón se deben tomar medidas de protección, selección de pacientes y tipos de tratamientos para disminuir la posibilidad de infecciones en el personal de salud y pacientes, evaluar el uso de goma dique y colutorios previos a la atención, evitar instrumental generador de aerosoles, postergar atenciones electivas, tratar solamente emergencias dentales y extremar las medidas de desinfección de las instalaciones utilizando agentes biocidas efectivos contra el coronavirus. La trasmisión por fómites y aerosoles está comprobada por lo que debemos extremar precauciones. En situaciones de pandemia hay que considerar entregar un soporte psicológico a los pacientes, especialmente con patologías orales psicosomáticas las que pueden empeorar. La posibilidad de trasmisión en el periodo de recuperación no está comprobada ni descartada.
JO  - Int. j. odontostomatol. (Print)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 14
IS  - 3
PG  - [271-278]
SP  - [271
EP  - 278]
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://www.ijodontostomatology.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/2020_v14n3_002.pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Importance of Initial Response During Outbreaks: A Perspective from Observations on COVID-19
AU  - Yeo, Yao Yu
AU  - Ganem, Bruce
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Three countries and sovereignties that have managed COVID-19 remarkably well (Singapore, Hong Kong, Taiwan) happen to be densely populated regions that frequently inter-travel with mainland China, which makes their achievement noteworthy. Since the inception of COVID-19, these countries have made tests widely available and accessible and carried out rigorous contact tracing, thus facilitating the diagnosis and treatment of every case. Ministers have also been warning about the impending outbreak and relaying accurate information round the clock. While initially creating much panic, these efforts resulted in a perpetual minimal relative number of new cases over the past few months (Fig. 1). Today, Singapore, Hong Kong, Taiwan enjoy a reassuring sense of social calm and security. By contrast, three countries that currently face sharp increases of new cases each day (Italy, Spain, U.S.) (Fig. 1) either delayed or lacked sufficient access to reliable testing for varying reasons. One critical difference in initial approach was the overall sense of complacency by government officials, resulting in a reactive instead of proactive response. Italy, Spain, and the U.S chose to reassure the populace and downplayed the threat of COVID-19.
JO  - Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-6
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/ice.2020.150
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/importance-of-initial-response-during-outbreaks-a-perspective-from-observations-on-covid19/8EECDB6DF48C73C7B3E1FEC2F73CA4AC
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Could COVID-19 represents a negative prognostic factor in patients with stroke?
AU  - Siniscalchi, Antonio
AU  - Gallelli, Luca
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 virus uses the enzyme 2 receptor (ACE2) to gain entry into cells. 3 These receptors have been revealed in the neuronal and glial cells of the human brain, thus being a potential target of COVID-19. This could be responsible for the death of olfactory cells in patients with COVID-19. 1 CoVs can enter the central nervous system through two distinct pathways: retrograde neuronal diffusion or hematogenous diffusion. The spread of COVID- 19 through the cribriform plaque of the ethmoid bone during an initial or subsequent infection phase can lead to brain involvement. As for systemic circulation, the presence of ACE2 receptors on both capillary and neuronal endothelial cells could be responsible for the subsequent spread and damage to the cerebral nervous system without substantial inflammation. The presence of CoVs in the cerebral nervous system was confirmed in the cerebrospinal fluid and brain tissue of patients during an autopsy. 4
JO  - Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/ice.2020.146
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/could-covid19-represents-a-negative-prognostic-factor-in-patients-with-stroke/2F7585E4D875FCB6D4646086F917AEE7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Early phases of COVID-19 management in a low-income country: Case of Bangladesh
AU  - Monjur, Mohammad R.
AU  - Hassan, Md Zakiul
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - From the first reported case of COVID-19 in Bangladesh on March 8 until March 28, 1068 samples were tested by the Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research (IEDCR) located in Dhaka.2 IEDCR was the sole institute in Bangladesh with testing facilities for COVID19 until March 26 when a second facility was given testing rights. Centralised testing in these under-resourced public institutions has been unable to effectively respond to the wave of suspected COVID-19 patients. Even at this initial stage with limited confirmed cases, engaged telephone hotlines and inadequate timely testing on symptomatic patients raise concern of Bangladesh’s preparedness. With a population of 161 million and a total of 1,169 ICU beds,3 this strategy could potentially devastate Bangladesh’s health system with multiple outbreaks as it is missing the opportunity to proactively limit community transmission from primary cases.
JO  - Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/ice.2020.147
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/early-phases-of-covid19-management-in-a-lowincome-country-case-of-bangladesh/41D2E52D802C3B7877A3512A071B0F3A
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Olfactory and taste disorder: the first and only sign in a patient with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia
AU  - Jang, Youngeun
AU  - Son, Hyo-Ju
AU  - Lee, Seungjae
AU  - Lee, Eun Jung
AU  - Kim, Tae Hyong
AU  - Park, Se Yoon
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Common clinical manifestations included fever, cough, fatigue, dyspnea, and myalgia or arthralgia. 3 Recently, Giacomelli et al. reported that about one third (20/59, 33.9%) of the SARS-CoV-2-positive hospitalized patients had an olfactory or taste disorder. 4 SARS-CoV-2 can be transmitted in the asymptomatic or paucisymptomatic stages, and therefore, olfactory and taste disorders can be significant signs for its early detection to control transmission. We found that olfactory and taste disorders can be the first and only signs of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia
JO  - Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/ice.2020.151
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/olfactory-and-taste-disorder-the-first-and-only-sign-in-a-patient-with-sarscov2-pneumonia/860398BACC422D75716BE69C3AEC3948
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Environmental cleaning is effective for the eradication of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in contaminated hospital rooms: A patient from the Diamond Princess cruise ship
AU  - Hirotsu, Yosuke
AU  - Maejima, Makoto
AU  - Nakajima, Masumi
AU  - Mochizuki, Hitoshi
AU  - Omata, Masao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Doctors, nurses, and other medical staff are greatly concerned about nosocomial outbreaks of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Environmental contamination is a possible source of nosocomial transmission [1, 2]. However, it is unclear how effective environmental cleaning is against SARS-CoV-2. A 75-year-old man infected with SARS-CoV-2 was diagnosed as having COVID-19 during the quarantine period on the Diamond Princess cruise ship. He was transferred directly to our hospital on February 11, 2020. He resided in patient Room A for 2 days, then was moved to Room B, where he stayed for 19 days. After cleaning the rooms thoroughly with disinfectant (Rely+On Virkon, LANXESS, or RUBYSTA in Japan), we tested a total of 15 areas that were in close contact with the patient and medical staff. Swabs were used to transfer five environmental samples from Room A and 10 samples from Room B to universal transport media (Copan, Murrieta, CA). Cleaning was conducted immediately after the patient left the rooms. Environmental sampling was conducted within 5 days and 30 min after the patient left Rooms A and B, respectively
JO  - Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-8
SP  - 1
EP  - 8
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/ice.2020.144
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/environmental-cleaning-is-effective-for-the-eradication-of-severe-acute-respiratory-syndrome-coronavirus-2-sarscov2-in-contaminated-hospital-rooms-a-patient-from-the-diamond-princess-cruise-ship/0F9BBF26FAF9581029C8F
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: Protecting Healthcare Workers is a priority
AU  - Chirico, Francesco
AU  - Nucera, Gabriella
AU  - Magnavita, Nicola
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In Italy, more infections among healthcare personnel than in China were recorded. As of April 05, 2020 12,252 health workers in Italy have tested positive for COVID-19, making up 10% of Italy’s COVID-19 cases; furthermore, 80 medical doctors and 25 nurses have died. Protecting healthcare workers is crucial in order not to amplify the COVID-19 epidemics. Moreover, relocating the public health emergency response from the hospitals to the territory, by integrating the hospital into an overall epidemic response, is a priority for contrasting further COVID-19 waves.
JO  - Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/ice.2020.148
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/covid19-protecting-healthcare-workers-is-a-priority/A2DBF75B47E0D10CE676D0E14FB30034
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: The daunting experience of health workers in Sardinia, Italy
AU  - Bellizzi, Saverio
AU  - Fiamma, Maura
AU  - Arru, Luigi
AU  - Farina, Gabriele
AU  - Manca, Antonio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As of early March, the National Health Commission of China indicated that more than 3300 health-workers have been infected (of whom, 22 died).2 Figures shows that, in Italy, healthcare professionals infections make up 9·0% of Italy’s COVID19 cases,3 which represents a serious concern because workers who are infected, if identified by a proper test, must stay away from health facilities for at least 14 days, depleting the already exhausted workforce. Major disparities exist across regions in Italy: by the end of the 3rd epidemiological week of March 2020, out of the 176 notified Covid-19 positive patients in Sardinia, 69 (39·2%) were health workers,4 which is a striking finding when compared with the national average. In the same time-period, the largely hit Lombardy region was recording 3957 affected health workers out of a total 28,750 cases (13·8%).4
JO  - Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-5
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/ice.2020.149
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/covid19-the-daunting-experience-of-health-workers-in-sardinia-italy/701E48437E557A9CE14090F66A52F830
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Corona, COVID and kidney transplantation
AU  - Sahay, M.
AU  - Kute, V.
AU  - Prasad, N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS CoV2) is responsible for corona virus disease (COVID-19). Many organizations have given guidelines for the prevention of COVID-19. Other societies have given updates regarding living and deceased donor transplantation during the pandemic. This article reviews the literature available on corona virus and its impact on living and deceased donor transplantation.
JO  - Indian Journal of Transplantation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 14
IS  - 1
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4103/ijot.ijot_21_20
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L631463365 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijot.ijot_21_20
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - To Act.......or to wait for the evidence: Ethics in the time of covid-19!
AU  - Misra, D.
AU  - Agarwal, V.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Indian Journal of Rheumatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 15
IS  - 1
PG  - 3-4
SP  - 3
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4103/injr.injr_53_20
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L631463462 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/injr.injr_53_20
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How risk perceptions, not evidence, have driven harmful policies on COVID-19
AU  - Chakraborty, Sweta
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 hits all of the cognitive triggers for how the lay public midjudges risk. Robust findings from the field of risk perception have identified unique characteristics of a risk that allow for greater attribution of frequency and probability than is likely to be aligned to the base-rate statistics of the risk.23 COVID-19 embodies these features. It is unfamiliar, invisible, dreaded, potentially endemic, involuntary, disproportionately impacts vulnerable populations like the elderly, and has the potential for widespread catastrophe.45 When risks with such characteristics emerge it is imperative for there to be trust between those in governance and communication and the lay public in order to quell public fears. This is not the environment in which COVID-19 has emerged, potentially resulting in even greater perceptions of risk. 678 While research on the value-based factors, like trust, that contribute to risk perceptions has provided great insights into how the public views and assesses risks, 910 studies of public perceptions of emerging infectious diseases are still limited.11 What we do know is that emerging and persistent infectious diseases receive significant media attention, especially compared to other disease states that are known12 (e.g., cardiovascular disease, cancer, Alzheimer’s). This was true of H1NI, 1314 and has anecdotally so far proven true for COVID19.
JO  - European Journal of Risk Regulation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/err.2020.37
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/how-risk-perceptions-not-evidence-have-driven-harmful-policies-on-covid19/1D0D6588D85E0DA62A03B6A08EB53F3B
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Conducting phase 1 cancer clinical trials during the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)–related disease pandemic
AU  - Tarantino, P.
AU  - Trapani, D.
AU  - Curigliano, G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Journal of Cancer
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 132
IS  - 
PG  - 8-10
SP  - 8
EP  - 10
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.ejca.2020.03.023
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005567058 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2020.03.023
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - MIDDLE EAST RESPIRATORY SYNDROME CORONAVIRUS OUTBREAK ; ORTA DOĞU SOLUNUM SENDROMU CORONAVİRÜSÜ SALGINLARI / MIDDLE EAST RESPIRATORY SYNDROME CORONAVIRUS OUTBREAK
AU  - AY, Ahmet
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The aim of this review is to learn about MERS (Middle EastRespiratory Syndrome) and track its increasing occurence since its firstidentification in 2012. The outbreaks of MERS-CoV have a higher fatality rate(34.4%) than the SARS virus(11%) which is also under the Coronavirus family,has become a global threat with 2494 cases and 858 deaths across 27 countriessince it was first diagnosed. The virus can be easily transmitted by closecontact and cause hospital based outbreaks, spreading from human to human. ; Derlemenin amacı 2012 yılında yeni tanımlanmış MERS (OrtaDoğu Solunum Sendromu) hastalığı etkeni olan MERS-CoV (Orta Doğu SolunumSendromu Coronavirüs) virüsünü tanımak ve günümüze kadar neden olduğu olguartışlarını ortaya koymaktır. Aynı Coronavirüs ailesinde yer alan salgın etkeniSARS’dan () daha yüksek fatalite hızına (.4) sahip MERS-CoV salgınları,ilk tanımlandığından bu yana 27 ülkede, 858 ölüm dahil toplam 2494 olgu ileküresel bir halk sağlığı tehdidi haline gelmiştir. Özellikle yakın temas ilebulaşmakta olan MERS-CoV virüsü hastane kaynaklı salgınlara neden olarakinsandan insana yayılabilmektedir.
JO  - Eskişehir Türk Dünyası Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi Halk Sağlığı Dergisi,
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 5
IS  - 1
PG  - 158-167
SP  - 158
EP  - 167
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/estudamhsd/issue/51856/674781
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Radiological signs of a new coronavirus infection COVID-19 ; Лучевые проявления новой коронавирусной инфекции COVID-19
AU  - A., A. Speranskaya
AU  - А., А. Сперанская
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Purpose. To evaluate the radiological patterns of a new COVID-19 coronavirus infection. Materials and methods. Review of literature sources. Results. COVID-19 causes the acute severe viral pneumonia. Radiological diagnostics of COVID-19 is very important, because CT can be the first study that shows the signs of viral lung lesion, and allows to assess the severity of the lesion and adverse prognostic signs of its further development. The initial CT pattern of COVID-19 is a pattern of infiltration of secondary pulmonary lobules on the type of Â«frosted glassÂ» (a symptom of Â«dry leafÂ») with a subsequent decrease in the volume of lesions at favorable results, or their increase, accession of CT pattern of Â«cobblestone roadÂ» and the appearance in the area of Â«frosted glassÂ» the alveolar infiltration in unfavorable course of disease. These symptoms are the precursors to the development of respiratory distress syndrome. At a later primary examination, the primary CT symptoms are the pattern of Â«cobblestone roadÂ» and areas of alveolar infiltration, which correlates with an unfavorable further course and outcome. There was noted that viral pneumonia in COVID-19 was characterized by the location of changes in the posterior subpleural and peribronchial areas. All authors confirmed that cavities, nodules, pleural and pericardial effusions, and lymphadenopathy were absent in COVID-19. In the course of observation, quantitative characteristics of the lesions with a score were proposed, the use of which can help in determining the prognosis. Also identified temporary staging of the process and the formation in some of patients the residual changes in the lungs the same as in influenza pneumonia H1N1 (2008â€“9Ð³Ð³, 2015â€“16.) and SARS SARS-CoV-2 (2003)which can start the process of development of progressive pulmonary fibrosis. There is a need for frequent CT studies (every 4 days) to enable timely assessment of rapid dynamics and changes in treatment tactics. The analysis of the results of the examination should be performed by at least 2 radiologists experienced in thoracic radiology, with the involvement of a third independent expert, in case of disagreement. All the authors confirmed the low information content of traditional radiography in assessing viral lung lesions. In some studies, chest radiographs were not performed, only CT as a more sensitive method for detecting early changes, similar to previous outbreaks of coronavirus. However, the role of traditional radiography was recognized as unquestionable when evaluating changes in reanimation department conditions. Conclusions. The accumulation of experience in clinical and radiological examination of COVID-19 patients allowed to determine the radiological semiotics of the process, which is important for determining the treatment tactics. ;
JO  - Diagnostic radiology and radiotherapy (E-Journal) / Лучевая диагностика и терапия
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.22328/2079-5343-2020-1
UR  - https://radiag.bmoc-spb.ru/jour/article/view/476
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19, SARS-CoV2, Enfeksiyonu: Güncel Epidemiyolojik Analiz ve Hastalık Seyrinin Modellemesi ; COVID-19, SARS-CoV2, Infectıon: Current Epıdemıologıcal Analysıs and Modelıng of Dısease
AU  - ANKARALI, Handan
AU  - ANKARALI, Seyit
AU  - ERARSLAN, Nadire
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Dünya çapında 19 Mart 2020 itibariyle 170’in üzerinde ülkeyi saran COVID-19 enfeksiyonu neticesinde pozitif vakaların ve ölüm haberlerinin hızla yayıldığı herkes tarafından endişe ile takip edilmektedir. Sosyal medya ve internet ortamında çok ciddi düzeyde bilgi birikimi ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı an itibariyle elde edilen veriler ışığında tüm dünya ülkelerinde enfeksiyon etkileri ve süreci hakkında genel yapıyı özetleyen istatistiki bilgiler sunmak ve enfeksiyon ölçütlerinin günlük değişimini modellemektir. Elde edilen sonuçlar değerlendirildiğinde, birikimli (kümülatif) pozitif vaka sayısı, birikimli ölüm sayısı ve diğer bazı ölçütlerin ülkelere göre seyrinin aynı olmadığı, süreci en iyi kontrol eden ülkelerin başında Almanya ve Güney Kore’nin geldiği, Türkiye’ nin sürecinin ilk 10 günlük süreç itibariyle hızlı yayılım gösteren ülkelere benzediği görüldü. Ayrıca Türkiye için 20 – 29 Mart 2020 arasında ortaya çıkabilecek pozitif vaka sayısı ve birikimli ölüm sayıları tahmin edildiğinde 20 Mart itibariyle pozitif vaka sayısının sayının 550 civarında, 4 olan mevcut ölüm sayısının hesaplamalarla birikimli ölüm sayısının ise 11 olacağı öngörülmüştür. ; As of March 19, 2020, the worldwide spread of positive cases and news of death as a result of COVID-19 infection, which covers more than 170 countries, is followed with concern. There has been a lot of information accumulation in social media and internet. The aim of this study is to present statistical information summarizing the general structure about the effects and process of infection in all countries of the world in the light of the data obtained and to model the daily change of infection criteria. When the obtained results are evaluated, the cumulative (cumulative) number of positive cases, cumulative number of deaths and some other criteria are not the same of course depending on the country, the process is one of the most well-control countries, Germany and South Korea came from, Turkey &#039;of the process, the first 10-day period as It was observed that it was similar to the countries with fast spread. In addition to Turkey, 20 to 29 March 2020 the number of positive cases that may arise between and when the cumulative number of deaths is estimated the maximum number of positive cases as of March 20 around 550, while the cumulative death toll of 11 would be ,current measurement 4, is provided.
JO  - DergiPark Akademik
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.21673/anadoluklin.707038
UR  - https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/anadoluklin/issue/53241/707038
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Respirators and surgical facemasks for COVID-19: implications for MRI
AU  - Murray, O. M.
AU  - Bisset, J. M.
AU  - Gilligan, P. J.
AU  - Hannan, M. M.
AU  - Murray, J. G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.crad.2020.03.029
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005565646 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.crad.2020.03.029
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Understanding of COVID-19 in children from different perspectives of traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine
AU  - Zhu, Y. L.
AU  - Yang, B. B.
AU  - Wu, F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, Wuhan city of Hubei Province has been the center of a number of patients infected with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). People are susceptible to be infected. The infection has spread to newborn and small infants, and severe cases of children have now occurred. Cases of infection in children have drawn great attention from the society. The pathogenesis of COVID-19 is unclear, and there is no specific drug for treatment, which brings great difficulties to epidemic prevention and clinical treatment. In this paper, we try to understand COVID-19 in children from different perspectives of TCM and western medicine. We also try to analyze the etiology, epidemic characteristics, disease development characteristics and treatment measures of COVID-19 in children. At the same time, we try to explore the etiology, pathogenesis, syndrome differentiation and treatment of COVID-19 in children with TCM. It is hoped that the combination of TCM and western medicine can better understand the new coronavirus pneumonia in children and its pathological basis, analyze the current trend of the epidemic situation, so as to find out safe and effective prevention and control measures and provide reference for clinical prevention and treatment of COVID-19 in children.
JO  - Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 51
IS  - 4
PG  - 883-887
SP  - 883
EP  - 887
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2020.04.009
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005487346 http://dx.doi.org/10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2020.04.009
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Possible molecular and paracrine involvement underlying the pathogenesis of COVID-19 cardiovascular complications
AU  - AbdelMassih, Antoine Fakhry
AU  - Ramzy, David
AU  - Nathan, Lauren
AU  - Aziz, Silvia
AU  - Ashraf, Mirette
AU  - Youssef, Nourhan Hatem
AU  - Hafez, Nouran
AU  - Saeed, Rana
AU  - Agha, Hala
PY  - 9000
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been declared a pandemic on 11 March 2020 by the WHO. Despite being mainly a respiratory virus, cardiac complications have been described. These range from sudden cardiac death to subtle diastolic dysfunction after recovery from COVID-19. The commonest cardiac presentation to date is acute heart failure resulting from biventricular or left ventricular hypokinesis and elevation of cardiac troponins. It has been shown that COVID-19 downregulates angiotensin-converting enzyme-2, which has protective effects on the endothelium and cardiomyocytes. It has also been proven that COVID-19 induces a state of hypercytokinaemia, some cytokines such as interleukin-1 and interleukin-6 have an injurious effect on the myocardium and endothelium, respectively. Such pathogenic mechanisms might play a crucial role in induction of cardiomyocyte injury and impaired myocardial perfusion probably through coronary endothelial dysfunction. The understanding and linking of such mechanisms might help in tailoring drug repurposing for treatment or prophylaxis of COVID-19 cardiovascular complications. Received 6 April 2020 Accepted 14 April 2020 Correspondence to Antoine Fakhry AbdelMassih, MD, Pediatrics’ Department, Pediatric Cardiology unit, Cairo University Children Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Kasr Al Ainy Street, Cairo 12411, Egypt, E-mail: antoine.abdelmassih@kasralainy.edu.eg © 2020Wolters Kluwer Health Lippincott Williams Wilkins
JO  - Cardiovascular Endocrinology & Metabolism
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Publish Ahead of Print
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 02045117-900000000-99948
DO  - 10.1097/xce.0000000000000207
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/cardiovascularendocrinology/Fulltext/9000/Possible_molecular_and_paracrine_involvement.99948.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Critical Juncture in Fiscal Federalism? Canada's Response to COVID-19
AU  - Béland, Daniel
AU  - Lecours, André
AU  - Paquet, Mireille
AU  - Tombe, Trevor
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 crisis could trigger a critical juncture for several institutional arrangements in Canada, potentially leading to notable changes in fiscal federalism. This research note combines insights from historical institutionalism with recent economic and fiscal projections to explore avenues for reform in response to the COVID-19 crisis. Given the magnitude of the crisis, provincial governments may be unable to absorb the fiscal costs on their own. But vast differences in fiscal and economic circumstances across provinces make federal arrangements difficult to design. We argue that intergovernmental power dynamics and the principle of provincial autonomy are particularly important considerations in thinking about fiscal federalism post COVID-19
JO  - Canadian Journal of Political Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-8
SP  - 1
EP  - 8
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/S0008423920000323
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/critical-juncture-in-fiscal-federalism-canadas-response-to-covid19/E4F8184DACB186C41C1E8839A7A89BB6
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Canadian Stroke Best Practice Guidance During the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Smith, Eric E.
AU  - Mountain, Anita
AU  - Hill, Michael D.
AU  - Wein, Theodore H.
AU  - Blaquiere, Dylan
AU  - Casaubon, Leanne K.
AU  - Linkewich, Elizabeth
AU  - Foley, Norine
AU  - Gubitz, Gord
AU  - Simard, Anne
AU  - Lindsay, Patrice
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This document provides guidance on implementing evidence-based stroke care during the COVID-19 pandemic, based on expert opinion from the Canadian Stroke Best Practices Advisory Committee. Despite incomplete and rapidly evolving evidence, we offer early guidance without formal recommendations and evidence grades because urgent changes are necessary. This guidance is based on expert opinion and early shared experiences with reorganizing stroke systems at the time of writing (April 13, 2020). This document is guided by two main principles. First, stroke remains a medical emergency and should be treated as such. Second, stroke care is highly effective. Stroke best practice recommendations remain as evidence-based and relevant as ever, even though logistics and workflows need to change to accommodate the pandemic. Evidence-based stroke care reduces mortality, length of stay, improves functional outcomes and prevents recurrence, contributing to relief of the health system. 8-10   It should not be intentionally stopped or suspended, and this is universally agreed upon by stroke leaders (Appendix 1).
JO  - Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-11
SP  - 1
EP  - 11
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1017/cjn.2020.74
UR  - https://www.cambridge.org/core/article/canadian-stroke-best-practice-guidance-during-the-covid19-pandemic/D20224DE866542E8C908A768FBBEEF0F
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Erratum: Are UK doctors getting sufficient protective equipment against covid-19? (BMJ (Clinical research ed.) (2020) 369 (m1297))
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1396
SP  - m1396
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1396
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L631455312 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m1396
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - An Outbreak of a New Infectious Disease COVID-19: β-coronaviruses as a Threat to Global Healthcare ; Вспышка нового инфекционного заболевания COVID-19: β-коронавирусы как угроза глобальному здравоохранению
AU  - V., D. Gorenkov
AU  - M., L. Khantimirova
AU  - A., V. Shevtsov
AU  - V., A. Rukavishnikov
AU  - A., V. Merkulov
AU  - V., Yu. Olefir
AU  - В., Д. Горенков
AU  - М., Л. Хантимирова
AU  - А., В. Шевцов
AU  - В., А. Рукавишников
AU  - В., А. Меркулов
AU  - В., Ю. Олефир
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronaviruses are the largest group of known positive-strand RNA viruses. Coronavirus infection can affect various animal species, as well as humans. Over the past two decades, coronaviruses have caused epidemic outbreaks of two respiratory diseases: the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome. At the end of 2019, a new type of virus was detected in China. The virus has been spread by humantohuman transmission and has caused a viral pneumonia outbreak. The emergence of a new coronavirus proves that the diseases caused by this group of viruses pose a threat to global health due to the potential for a pandemic, and, therefore, need careful monitoring. The objective of the study was to analyse the current epidemic situation for the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2, taking into account previous outbreaks of infections caused by MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV Î²-coronaviruses which pose the greatest threat to human health. The review briefly describes two epidemic outbreaks caused by SARS-CoV (2002â€“2004) and MERS-CoV (2012â€“present), summarises the current epidemic situation for the new SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, describes the main restrictive measures undertaken to prevent the spread of infection in Russia. The paper considers aspects of potential specific therapy and the development of prophylactic vaccines against the new coronavirus infection. The review concludes that SARS-CoV-2 has pandemic potential and that new strains of Î²-coronaviruses are likely to cause outbreaks in the future. The paper points to the need for careful monitoring of the disease and conducting preventive anti-epidemic measures to curb the spread of infection. ; ÐšÐ¾Ñ€Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð²Ð¸Ñ€ÑƒÑÑ‹ ÑÐ²Ð»ÑÑŽÑ‚ÑÑ ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¾Ð¹ Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÑŒÑˆÐ¾Ð¹ Ð³Ñ€ÑƒÐ¿Ð¿Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¸Ð· Ð¸Ð·Ð²ÐµÑÑ‚Ð½Ñ‹Ñ… Ð ÐÐš-Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð¶Ð¸Ñ‚ÐµÐ»ÑŒÐ½Ñ‹Ñ… Ð²Ð¸Ñ€ÑƒÑÐ¾Ð². ÐšÐ¾Ñ€Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð²Ð¸Ñ€ÑƒÑÐ½Ð°Ñ Ð¸Ð½Ñ„ÐµÐºÑ†Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð½Ð° Ð¿Ð¾Ñ€Ð°Ð¶Ð°Ñ‚ÑŒ Ñ€Ð°Ð·Ð»Ð¸Ñ‡Ð½Ñ‹Ðµ Ð²Ð¸Ð´Ñ‹ Ð¶Ð¸Ð²Ð¾Ñ‚Ð½Ñ‹Ñ…, Ð° Ñ‚Ð°ÐºÐ¶Ðµ Ñ‡ÐµÐ»Ð¾Ð²ÐµÐºÐ°. Ð—Ð° Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð½Ð¸Ðµ Ð´Ð²Ð° Ð´ÐµÑÑÑ‚Ð¸Ð»ÐµÑ‚Ð¸Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ñ€Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð²Ð¸Ñ€ÑƒÑÑ‹ ÑÐ²Ð¸Ð»Ð¸ÑÑŒ Ð¿Ñ€Ð¸Ñ‡Ð¸Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ¿Ð¸Ð´ÐµÐ¼Ð¸Ñ‡ÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ… Ð²ÑÐ¿Ñ‹ÑˆÐµÐº Ð´Ð²ÑƒÑ… Ñ€ÐµÑÐ¿Ð¸Ñ€Ð°Ñ‚Ð¾Ñ€Ð½Ñ‹Ñ… Ð·Ð°Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐ²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð¹: Ð±Ð»Ð¸Ð¶Ð½ÐµÐ²Ð¾ÑÑ‚Ð¾Ñ‡Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ñ€ÐµÑÐ¿Ð¸Ñ€Ð°Ñ‚Ð¾Ñ€Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ¸Ð½Ð´Ñ€Ð¾Ð¼Ð° Ð¸ Ñ‚ÑÐ¶ÐµÐ»Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¾ÑÑ‚Ñ€Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ñ€ÐµÑÐ¿Ð¸Ñ€Ð°Ñ‚Ð¾Ñ€Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ¸Ð½Ð´Ñ€Ð¾Ð¼Ð°. Ð’ ÐºÐ¾Ð½Ñ†Ðµ 2019 Ð³. Ð² ÐšÐ¸Ñ‚Ð°Ðµ Ð±Ñ‹Ð» Ð²Ñ‹ÑÐ²Ð»ÐµÐ½ Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ñ‹Ð¹ Ð²Ð¸Ð´ Ð²Ð¸Ñ€ÑƒÑÐ°, ÑÐ¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð½Ñ‹Ð¹ Ð¿ÐµÑ€ÐµÐ´Ð°Ð²Ð°Ñ‚ÑŒÑÑ Ð¾Ñ‚ Ñ‡ÐµÐ»Ð¾Ð²ÐµÐºÐ° Ðº Ñ‡ÐµÐ»Ð¾Ð²ÐµÐºÑƒ, Ð²Ñ‹Ð·Ð²Ð°Ð²ÑˆÐ¸Ð¹ Ð²ÑÐ¿Ñ‹ÑˆÐºÑƒ Ð²Ð¸Ñ€ÑƒÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¿Ð½ÐµÐ²Ð¼Ð¾Ð½Ð¸Ð¸. ÐŸÐ¾ÑÐ²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÐºÐ¾Ñ€Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð²Ð¸Ñ€ÑƒÑÐ° Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ñ‚Ð²ÐµÑ€Ð¶Ð´Ð°ÐµÑ‚, Ñ‡Ñ‚Ð¾ Ð·Ð°Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐ²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ, Ð²Ñ‹Ð·Ñ‹Ð²Ð°ÐµÐ¼Ñ‹Ðµ Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð³Ñ€ÑƒÐ¿Ð¿Ð¾Ð¹ Ð²Ð¸Ñ€ÑƒÑÐ¾Ð², ÑÐ²Ð»ÑÑŽÑ‚ÑÑ ÑƒÐ³Ñ€Ð¾Ð·Ð¾Ð¹ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¼Ð¸Ñ€Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð·Ð´Ñ€Ð°Ð²Ð¾Ð¾Ñ…Ñ€Ð°Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð² ÑÐ²ÑÐ·Ð¸ Ñ Ð²Ð¾Ð·Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶Ð½Ð¾ÑÑ‚ÑŒÑŽ Ð²Ð¾Ð·Ð½Ð¸ÐºÐ½Ð¾Ð²ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ð°Ð½Ð´ÐµÐ¼Ð¸Ð¸ Ð¸ Ð½ÑƒÐ¶Ð´Ð°ÑŽÑ‚ÑÑ Ð² Ñ‚Ñ‰Ð°Ñ‚ÐµÐ»ÑŒÐ½Ð¾Ð¼ Ð¼Ð¾Ð½Ð¸Ñ‚Ð¾Ñ€Ð¸Ð½Ð³Ðµ. Ð¦ÐµÐ»ÑŒ Ñ€Ð°Ð±Ð¾Ñ‚Ñ‹ â€“ Ð¾Ð±Ð·Ð¾Ñ€ Ñ‚ÐµÐºÑƒÑ‰ÐµÐ¹ ÑÐ¿Ð¸Ð´ÐµÐ¼Ð¸Ñ‡ÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ ÑÐ¸Ñ‚ÑƒÐ°Ñ†Ð¸Ð¸ Ð¿Ð¾ Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ð¹ ÐºÐ¾Ñ€Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð²Ð¸Ñ€ÑƒÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¸Ð½Ñ„ÐµÐºÑ†Ð¸Ð¸ COVID-19, Ð²Ñ‹Ð·Ñ‹Ð²Ð°ÐµÐ¼Ð¾Ð¹ Ð²Ð¸Ñ€ÑƒÑÐ¾Ð¼ SARS-CoV-2, Ñ ÑƒÑ‡ÐµÑ‚Ð¾Ð¼ Ð¿Ñ€ÐµÐ´Ñ‹Ð´ÑƒÑ‰Ð¸Ñ… Ð²ÑÐ¿Ñ‹ÑˆÐµÐº Ð¸Ð½Ñ„ÐµÐºÑ†Ð¸Ð¹, Ð²Ñ‹Ð·Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ‹Ñ… Î²-ÐºÐ¾Ñ€Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð²Ð¸Ñ€ÑƒÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¸ MERS-CoV Ð¸ SARS-CoV, ÐºÐ°Ðº Ð¿Ñ€ÐµÐ´ÑÑ‚Ð°Ð²Ð»ÑÑŽÑ‰Ð¸Ñ… Ð½Ð°Ð¸Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÑŒÑˆÑƒÑŽ Ð¾Ð¿Ð°ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑ‚ÑŒ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ñ‡ÐµÐ»Ð¾Ð²ÐµÐºÐ°. Ð’ Ð¾Ð±Ð·Ð¾Ñ€Ðµ ÐºÑ€Ð°Ñ‚ÐºÐ¾ Ð¾Ð¿Ð¸ÑÐ°Ð½Ñ‹ Ð´Ð²Ðµ ÑÐ¿Ð¸Ð´ÐµÐ¼Ð¸Ñ‡ÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ðµ Ð²ÑÐ¿Ñ‹ÑˆÐºÐ¸, Ð²Ñ‹Ð·Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ‹Ðµ Ð²Ð¸Ñ€ÑƒÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¸ SARS-CoV (2002â€“2004 Ð³Ð³.) Ð¸ MERS-CoV (2012 Ð³. â€“ Ð½Ð°ÑÑ‚Ð¾ÑÑ‰ÐµÐµ Ð²Ñ€ÐµÐ¼Ñ), Ð¿Ñ€ÐµÐ´ÑÑ‚Ð°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð° Ñ‚ÐµÐºÑƒÑ‰Ð°Ñ ÑÐ¿Ð¸Ð´ÐµÐ¼Ð¸Ñ‡ÐµÑÐºÐ°Ñ ÑÐ¸Ñ‚ÑƒÐ°Ñ†Ð¸Ñ, ÑÐ²ÑÐ·Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ Ñ Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ñ‹Ð¼ ÐºÐ¾Ñ€Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð²Ð¸Ñ€ÑƒÑÐ¾Ð¼ SARS-CoV-2, Ð¸Ð·Ð»Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ñ‹ Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð½Ñ‹Ðµ Ð¾Ð³Ñ€Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ‡Ð¸Ñ‚ÐµÐ»ÑŒÐ½Ñ‹Ðµ Ð¼ÐµÑ€Ð¾Ð¿Ñ€Ð¸ÑÑ‚Ð¸Ñ, Ð¿Ñ€ÐµÐ´Ð¿Ñ€Ð¸Ð½Ð¸Ð¼Ð°ÐµÐ¼Ñ‹Ðµ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð½ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð¿ÑƒÑ‰ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ñ€Ð°ÑÐ¿Ñ€Ð¾ÑÑ‚Ñ€Ð°Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸Ð½Ñ„ÐµÐ Ñ†Ð¸Ð¸ Ð² Ð Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸Ð¸. Ð Ð°ÑÑÐ¼Ð¾Ñ‚Ñ€ÐµÐ½Ñ‹ Ð°ÑÐ¿ÐµÐºÑ‚Ñ‹ Ð²Ð¾Ð·Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ¿ÐµÑ†Ð¸Ñ„Ð¸Ñ‡ÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ Ñ‚ÐµÑ€Ð°Ð¿Ð¸Ð¸ Ð¸ Ñ€Ð°Ð·Ñ€Ð°Ð±Ð¾Ñ‚ÐºÐ¸ Ð¿Ñ€Ð¾Ñ„Ð¸Ð»Ð°ÐºÑ‚Ð¸Ñ‡ÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ… Ð²Ð°ÐºÑ†Ð¸Ð½Ð½Ñ‹Ñ… Ð¿Ñ€ÐµÐ¿Ð°Ñ€Ð°Ñ‚Ð¾Ð² Ð¿Ñ€Ð¾Ñ‚Ð¸Ð² Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ð¹ ÐºÐ¾Ñ€Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð²Ð¸Ñ€ÑƒÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¸Ð½Ñ„ÐµÐºÑ†Ð¸Ð¸. Ð¡Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð°Ð½ Ð²Ñ‹Ð²Ð¾Ð´ Ð¾ Ð²Ð¾Ð·Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶Ð½Ð¾Ð¼ Ð¿Ð°Ð½Ð´ÐµÐ¼Ð¸Ñ‡ÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¼ Ð¿Ð¾Ñ‚ÐµÐ½Ñ†Ð¸Ð°Ð»Ðµ Ð²Ð¸Ñ€ÑƒÑÐ° SARS-CoV-2 Ð¸ Ð²Ñ‹ÑÐ¾ÐºÐ¾Ð¹ Ð²ÐµÑ€Ð¾ÑÑ‚Ð½Ð¾ÑÑ‚Ð¸ Ð²Ð¾Ð·Ð½Ð¸ÐºÐ½Ð¾Ð²ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð² Ð±ÑƒÐ´ÑƒÑ‰ÐµÐ¼ Ð²ÑÐ¿Ñ‹ÑˆÐµÐº Ð¸Ð½Ñ„ÐµÐºÑ†Ð¸Ð¹, Ð²Ñ‹Ð·Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ‹Ñ… Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ñ‹Ð¼Ð¸ ÑˆÑ‚Ð°Ð¼Ð¼Ð°Ð¼Ð¸ Î²-ÐºÐ¾Ñ€Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð²Ð¸Ñ€ÑƒÑÐ¾Ð². Ð£ÐºÐ°Ð·Ð°Ð½Ð¾ Ð½Ð° Ð½ÐµÐ¾Ð±Ñ…Ð¾Ð´Ð¸Ð¼Ð¾ÑÑ‚ÑŒ Ð¾ÑÑƒÑ‰ÐµÑÑ‚Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ñ‚Ñ‰Ð°Ñ‚ÐµÐ»ÑŒÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¼Ð¾Ð½Ð¸Ñ‚Ð¾Ñ€Ð¸Ð½Ð³Ð° Ð·Ð°Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐ²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ Ð¿Ñ€Ð¾Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ñ€ÐµÐ²ÐµÐ½Ñ‚Ð¸Ð²Ð½Ñ‹Ñ… Ð¿Ñ€Ð¾Ñ‚Ð¸Ð²Ð¾ÑÐ¿Ð¸Ð´ÐµÐ¼Ð¸Ñ‡ÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ… Ð¼ÐµÑ€Ð¾Ð¿Ñ€Ð¸ÑÑ‚Ð¸Ð¹ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÐ´ÐµÑ€Ð¶Ð¸Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ñ€Ð°ÑÐ¿Ñ€Ð¾ÑÑ‚Ñ€Ð°Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸Ð½Ñ„ÐµÐºÑ†Ð¸Ð¸.
JO  - BIOpreparations. Prevention, Diagnosis, Treatment (E-Journal) / БИОпрепараты. Профилактика, диагностика, лечение
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 20
IS  - 1
PG  - 6-20
SP  - 6
EP  - 20
AN  - 
DO  - 10.30895/2221-996X-2020-20-1
UR  - https://www.biopreparations.ru/jour/article/view/274
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recommendations for intensive care therapy of patients with COVID-19
AU  - Kluge, S.
AU  - Janssens, U.
AU  - Welte, T.
AU  - Weber-Carstens, S.
AU  - Marx, G.
AU  - Karagiannidis, C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Atemwegs- und Lungenkrankheiten
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 46
IS  - 4
PG  - 245-248
SP  - 245
EP  - 248
AN  - 
DO  - 10.5414/ATX02525
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005483700 http://dx.doi.org/10.5414/ATX02525
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 慈濟醫療　嚴備防疫－圍堵新冠病毒擴散
AU  - 張汶毓
AU  - 陳慧芳
AU  - 江家瑜
AU  - 彭薇勻
AU  - 黃思齊
AU  - 廖唯晴
AU  - 許嫚真
AU  - 張菊芬
AU  - 于劍興
AU  - 黃小娟
AU  - 馬順德
AU  - 呂榮浩
AU  - 曾秀英
AU  - 賴廷翰
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - 人醫心傳－慈濟醫療人文月刊
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 196
PG  - 44-63
SP  - 44
EP  - 63
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: How can a department of general surgery survive in a pandemic?
AU  - Guerci, C.
AU  - Maffioli, A.
AU  - Bondurri, A. A.
AU  - Ferrario, L.
AU  - Lazzarin, F.
AU  - Danelli, P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Surgery (United States)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.surg.2020.03.012
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005565607 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.surg.2020.03.012
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Sociological perspectives on the corona crisis: Four sociologists on society and COVID-19 ; Sociologiska perspektiv på coronakrisen: Fyra sociologer om samhällets reaktion på covid-19
AU  - Danielsson, Erna
AU  - Liljeros, Fredrik
AU  - Mulinari, Shai
AU  - Soneryd, Linda
AU  - Forskning, Sociologisk
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Sociologisk Forskning bad fyra sociologer i Sverige att svara på några korta frågor om coronapandemin och vårt samhälles hantering av den. Deras tidigare forskning har på olika sätt berört olika frågor såsom socialmedicin och medicinsk kunskapsproduktion, sociala nätverks betydelse för smittspridning, samhällets hantering av kriser och risker, genusaspekter av samhällskriser samt dynamiken mellan expertis, politiker och medborgare i beslutsfattande och debatter kring frågor där expertkunskap är centralt. De fyra medverkande forskarna är Erna Danielsson, docent i sociologi vid Mittuniversitetet och föreståndare för Risk and Crisis Research Centre (RCR), som forskar om samhällets krishantering vid såväl vardagskriser som större händelser och specifikt genus och krishantering; Fredrik Liljeros, professor i sociologi vid Stockholms universitet, som genomförde sitt postdoktorprojekt på dåvarande Smittskyddsinstitutet tillsammans med nuvarande statsepidemiologen Anders Tegnell och i dag bedriver forskning om hur människors kontaktnätverk påverkar spridningsdynamik; Shai Mulinari, docent i sociologi vid Lunds universitet, som bedriver forskning om medicinsk kunskapsproduktion, läkemedelsindustrin, epidemiologi och folkhälsa; samt Linda Soneryd, professor i sociologi vid Göteborgs universitet, som forskat om miljörelaterade risker och kriser samt om hur demokrati och deltagande förstås i anslutning till expertfrågor.
JO  - Sociologisk Forskning;
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 57
IS  - 1
PG  - 67-76
SP  - 67
EP  - 76
AN  - 
DO  - 10.37062/sf.57.21539
UR  - https://sociologiskforskning.se/sf/article/view/21539
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 'Open the doors for us.' Indonesian scientists say government snubs offers to help fight coronavirus
AU  - Rochmyaningsih, Dyna
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Scientists in Indonesia are exasperated at the country’s response to the COVID-19 pandemic, calling it shambolic and secretive, with a lack of coordination between the national and provincial governments. They also complain that officials have sometimes snubbed their efforts to help. “We have missed many opportunities in the past. What we need now is strong leadership to tackle the pandemic,” says Nurul Nadia, a public health expert at the Center for Indonesia’s Strategic Development Initiatives. She and others say the country needs a clear national strategy for lockdowns and a dramatic increase in testing capacity if it is to control what—at least by official numbers—is a comparatively small outbreak.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/04/open-doors-us-indonesian-scientists-say-government-snubs-offers-help-fight-coronavirus
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/04/open-doors-us-indonesian-scientists-say-government-snubs-offers-help-fight-coronavirus
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How does coronavirus kill? Clinicians trace a ferocious rampage through the body, from brain to toes
AU  - Meredith Wadman, Jennifer Couzin-Frankel, Jocelyn Kaiser, Catherine Matacic
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - On rounds in a 20-bed intensive care unit (ICU) one recent day, physician Joshua Denson assessed two patients with seizures, many with respiratory failure and others whose kidneys were on a dangerous downhill slide. Days earlier, his rounds had been interrupted as his team tried, and failed, to resuscitate a young woman whose heart had stopped. All shared one thing, says Denson, a pulmonary and critical care physician at the Tulane University School of Medicine. “They are all COVID positive.” As the number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 surges past 2.2 million globally and deaths surpass 150,000, clinicians and pathologists are struggling to understand the damage wrought by the coronavirus as it tears through the body. They are realizing that although the lungs are ground zero, its reach can extend to many organs including the heart and blood vessels, kidneys, gut, and brain.
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abc3208
UR  - https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/04/how-does-coronavirus-kill-clinicians-trace-ferocious-rampage-through-body-brain-toes
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The lockdowns worked—but what comes next?
AU  - Kupferschmidt, Kai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - After the novel coronavirus made its way around the world, one country after another adopted harsh measures to stop SARS-CoV-2 from spreading and overwhelming hospitals. They have hit the pause button on their economies and their citizens' lives, stopping sports events, religious services, and other social gatherings. School closures in 188 countries affect more than 1.5 billion students. Borders are closed and businesses shuttered. While some countries are still seeing daily case numbers increase, others—first in Asia but increasingly in Europe—have managed to bend the curve, slowing transmission of COVID-19. But what is the exit strategy? “We've managed to get to the life raft,” says epidemiologist Marc Lipsitch of the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health (HSPH). “But I'm really unclear how we will get to the shore.”
JO  - Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 6488
PG  - 218-219
SP  - 218
EP  - 219
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.368.6488.218
UR  - https://science.sciencemag.org/content/sci/368/6488/218.full.pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - La innovación educativa en los tiempos del Coronavirus
AU  - Correa, Sandra Milena Moreno
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - El mundo actual se enfrenta a una Pandemia por un Nuevo Coronavirus, el denominado, COVID-19 o SARS-CoV-2, un virus que se transmite por vía aérea con un alto índice de contagio, lo cual ha obligado a los gobiernos de los diferentes países a tomar medidas que restrinjan la concentración de personas; es por esto, que el gobierno de Colombia, decide suspender las clases en todas las instituciones educativas y sugerir la migración hacia estrategias de aprendizaje virtual. Esto supone un desafío para dichas instituciones además de un reto para los profesores, pues se hace necesario un cambio en las metodologías de enseñanza y apren-dizaje; se vuelve urgente el tema de innovación pedagógica, pues se requiere, en poco tiempo, adaptar las metodologías utilizadas hasta el momento, para migrar al ambiente virtual. Los tiempos de sosobra que vive una sociedad durante una Pandemia, pueden ser positivos para la educación pues deben llevar a los maestros a la reflexión, a la necesidad de formación en competencias pedagógicas y en el dominio del conocimiento pedagógico y tecnológico del contenido. La innovación pedagógica que se tiene que llevar a cabo en los tiempos del Coronavirus podrá derribar muros, tumbar mitos, creencias y lograr generar en los profesores la motivación para realizar el cambio educativo que necesita la generación de jóvenes que estamos formando. Por tanto, el propósito de éste artículo de opinión es generar conciencia acerca de la importancia de los cambios educativos y pedagógicos que exige el mundo de hoy y el del futuro, teniendo en cuenta los avances tecnológicos, las diferencias en intereses, formas de aprender, habilidades de las nuevas generaciones y las consecuencias medioambientales que surgen de un mundo globalizado en el que cada vez serán mas complejas las posibilidades de encuentros presenciales multitudinarios.(AU) The current world is facing a Pandemic due to a New Coronavirus, the so-called, COVID-19 or SARS-CoV-2, a virus that is transmitted by air with a high rate of contagion, which has forced the governments of the di-fferent countries to take measures that restrict the concentration of people; For this reason, the Colombian government decides to suspend classes in all educational institutions and to suggest migration towards virtual learning strategies. This represents a challenge for these institutions as well as a challenge for teachers, since a change in teaching and learning methodologies is necessary; The issue of pedagogical innovation becomes urgent, since it is required, in a short time, to adapt the methodologies used so far, to migrate to the virtual environment. The times of survival experienced by a society during a Pandemic can be positive for education because they must lead teachers to reflect, to the need for training in pedagogical competences and in the domain of pedagogical and technological knowledge of content. The pedagogical innovation that has to be carried out in the times of the Coronavirus will be able to tear down walls, knock down myths, beliefs and manage to generate in teachers the motivation to make the educational change that the generation of young people we are training needs. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to raise awareness about the importance of educational and pedagogical changes that the world of today and that of the future demands, taking into account technological advances, differences in interests, ways of learning, learning skills the new generations and the environmental consequences arising from a globalized world in which the possibilities of mass face-to-face encounters will become increasingly complex.(AU)
JO  - Salutem Scientia Spiritus (En línea)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 6
IS  - 1
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://revistas.javerianacali.edu.co/index.php/salutemscientiaspiritus/article/view/2290/2863
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus disease COVID-2019 ; Коронавирусная инфекция COVID-2019
AU  - K., B. Romanov
AU  - К., Б. Романов
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The paper presents data on the coronavirus diseaseCOVID-2019 caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, which was temporarily named 2019-nCoV (2019 novel coronavirus) until 11 February 2020. An outbreak of pneumonia of unknown etiology in Wuhan (Hubei province of China) which was first described in an official publication of the Chinese Office of the World Health Organization on December 31, 2019, attracted attention of both dedicated experts and the entire international community. On January 30, 2019 it was recognised as a public health emergency of international concern. The first cases were reported on December 12, 2019 in China, and on January 31, 2020 Russia reported its first two cases of the infection in two Chinese citizens staying in Russia. The causative agent is the new SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. It had not been detected before, and was first identified by Chinese researchers on January 7, 2020 under the temporary name 2019-nCoV. The aim of the study was to summarise information about coronavirus diseaseCOVID-2019 beginning from the onset of the epidemic until early March 2020. The paper provides general information about coronaviruses, developments of the COVID-2019 epidemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, and gives an assessment of the global epidemiological situation. It cites the recommendations of national regulatory authorities and the World Health Organization on the treatment of various forms of coronavirus infection and septic shock caused by SARS-CoV-2, including target values of systemic hemodynamics, a list of recommended medicines, methods of their use, and limitations of pharmacotherapy. ; ÐŸÑ€ÐµÐ´ÑÑ‚Ð°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð° Ð¸Ð½Ñ„Ð¾Ñ€Ð¼Ð°Ñ†Ð¸Ñ Ð¾Ð± Ð¸Ð½Ñ„ÐµÐºÑ†Ð¸Ð¸ COVID-2019, Ð²Ñ‹Ð·Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÐºÐ¾Ñ€Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð²Ð¸Ñ€ÑƒÑÐ¾Ð¼ SARS-CoV-2, Ð´Ð¾ 11 Ñ„ÐµÐ²Ñ€Ð°Ð»Ñ 2020 Ð³. Ð½Ð¾ÑÐ¸Ð²ÑˆÐ¸Ð¼ Ð²Ñ€ÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ðµ Ð½Ð°Ð·Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ 2019-nCoV. Ð’ÑÐ¿Ñ‹ÑˆÐºÐ° Ð¿Ð½ÐµÐ²Ð¼Ð¾Ð½Ð¸Ð¸ Ð½ÐµÐ¸Ð·Ð²ÐµÑÑ‚Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÑ‚Ð¸Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¸ Ð² Ð³Ð¾Ñ€Ð¾Ð´Ðµ Ð£Ñ…Ð°Ð½ÑŒ Ð² ÐšÐ¸Ñ‚Ð°Ðµ, Ð¾Ñ„Ð¸Ñ†Ð¸Ð°Ð»ÑŒÐ½Ñ‹Ðµ ÑÐ²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¾ ÐºÐ¾Ñ‚Ð¾Ñ€Ð¾Ð¹ Ð±Ñ‹Ð»Ð¸ Ð²Ð¿ÐµÑ€Ð²Ñ‹Ðµ Ð¾Ð¿ÑƒÐ±Ð»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ñ‹ 31 Ð´ÐµÐºÐ°Ð±Ñ€Ñ 2019 Ð³. ÐºÐ¸Ñ‚Ð°Ð¹ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¼ Ð¾Ñ„Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð¼ Ð’ÑÐµÐ¼Ð¸Ñ€Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¾Ñ€Ð³Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð·Ð°Ñ†Ð¸Ð¸ Ð·Ð´Ñ€Ð°Ð²Ð¾Ð¾Ñ…Ñ€Ð°Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ, Ð¿Ñ€Ð¸Ð²Ð»ÐµÐºÐ»Ð° Ð²Ð½Ð¸Ð¼Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ Ð½Ðµ Ñ‚Ð¾Ð»ÑŒÐºÐ¾ ÑƒÐ·ÐºÐ¸Ñ… ÑÐ¿ÐµÑ†Ð¸Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÑ‚Ð¾Ð², Ð½Ð¾ Ð¸ Ð²ÑÐµÐ¹ Ð¼Ð¸Ñ€Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¾Ð±Ñ‰ÐµÑÑ‚Ð²ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾ÑÑ‚Ð¸ Ð¸ 30 ÑÐ½Ð²Ð°Ñ€Ñ 2020 Ð³. Ð±Ñ‹Ð»Ð° Ð¿Ñ€Ð¸Ð·Ð½Ð°Ð½Ð° Ñ‡Ñ€ÐµÐ·Ð²Ñ‹Ñ‡Ð°Ð¹Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ¸Ñ‚ÑƒÐ°Ñ†Ð¸ÐµÐ¹ Ð² Ð·Ð´Ñ€Ð°Ð²Ð¾Ð¾Ñ…Ñ€Ð°Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¸, Ð¸Ð¼ÐµÑŽÑ‰ÐµÐ¹ Ð¼ÐµÐ¶Ð´ÑƒÐ½Ð°Ñ€Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð¾Ðµ Ð·Ð½Ð°Ñ‡ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ. ÐŸÐµÑ€Ð²Ñ‹Ðµ ÑÐ»ÑƒÑ‡Ð°Ð¸ Ð·Ð°Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐ²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð±Ñ‹Ð»Ð¸ Ð·Ð°Ñ€ÐµÐ³Ð¸ÑÑ‚Ñ€Ð¸Ñ€Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ñ‹ 12 Ð´ÐµÐºÐ°Ð±Ñ€Ñ 2019 Ð³. Ð² ÐšÐ¸Ñ‚Ð°Ðµ, Ð° 31 ÑÐ½Ð²Ð°Ñ€Ñ 2020 Ð³. Ð±Ñ‹Ð»Ð¾ ÑÐ¾Ð¾Ð±Ñ‰ÐµÐ½Ð¾ Ð¾ ÑÐ»ÑƒÑ‡Ð°ÑÑ… Ð²Ñ‹ÑÐ²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¸Ð½Ñ„ÐµÐºÑ†Ð¸Ð¸ Ð½Ð° Ñ‚ÐµÑ€Ñ€Ð¸Ñ‚Ð¾Ñ€Ð¸Ð¸ Ð Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ñƒ Ð´Ð²ÑƒÑ… Ð³Ñ€Ð°Ð¶Ð´Ð°Ð½ ÐšÐ¸Ñ‚Ð°Ñ. Ð’Ð¾Ð·Ð±ÑƒÐ´Ð¸Ñ‚ÐµÐ»ÑŒ Ð¸Ð½Ñ„ÐµÐºÑ†Ð¸Ð¸ â€” Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ñ‹Ð¹ ÐºÐ¾Ñ€Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð²Ð¸Ñ€ÑƒÑ SARS-CoV-2, ÐºÐ¾Ñ‚Ð¾Ñ€Ñ‹Ð¹ Ñ€Ð°Ð½ÐµÐµ Ð½Ðµ Ð²Ñ‹ÑÐ²Ð»ÑÐ»ÑÑ, Ð±Ñ‹Ð» Ð¸Ð´ÐµÐ½Ñ‚Ð¸Ñ„Ð¸Ñ†Ð¸Ñ€Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½ ÐºÐ¸Ñ‚Ð°Ð¹ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¼Ð¸ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ñ‚ÐµÐ»ÑÐ¼Ð¸ 7 ÑÐ½Ð²Ð°Ñ€Ñ 2020 Ð³. Ð¦ÐµÐ»ÑŒ Ñ€Ð°Ð±Ð¾Ñ‚Ñ‹: ÑÐ¸ÑÑ‚ÐµÐ¼Ð°Ñ‚Ð¸Ð·Ð°Ñ†Ð¸Ñ Ð¸Ð½Ñ„Ð¾Ñ€Ð¼Ð°Ñ†Ð¸Ð¸ Ð¾ ÐºÐ¾Ñ€Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð²Ð¸Ñ€ÑƒÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¸Ð½Ñ„ÐµÐºÑ†Ð¸Ð¸ COVID-2019 Ñ Ð½Ð°Ñ‡Ð°Ð»Ð° ÑÐ¿Ð¸Ð´ÐµÐ¼Ð¸Ð¸ Ð´Ð¾ Ð½Ð°Ñ‡Ð°Ð»Ð° Ð¼Ð°Ñ€Ñ‚Ð° 2020 Ð³. ÐŸÑ€ÐµÐ´ÑÑ‚Ð°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ñ‹ Ð¾Ð±Ñ‰Ð¸Ðµ ÑÐ²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¾ ÐºÐ¾Ñ€Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð²Ð¸Ñ€ÑƒÑÐ°Ñ…, Ñ…Ñ€Ð¾Ð½Ð¸ÐºÐ° ÑÐ¿Ð¸Ð´ÐµÐ¼Ð¸Ð¸ COVID-2019, Ð²Ñ‹Ð·Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÐºÐ¾Ñ€Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð²Ð¸Ñ€ÑƒÑÐ¾Ð¼ SARS-CoV-2, Ð¸ Ð¾Ñ†ÐµÐ½ÐºÐ° Ð³Ð»Ð¾Ð±Ð°Ð»ÑŒÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ¿Ð¸Ð´ÐµÐ¼Ð¸Ñ‡ÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ ÑÐ¸Ñ‚ÑƒÐ°Ñ†Ð¸Ð¸. ÐŸÑ€Ð¸Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ñ‹ Ñ€ÐµÐºÐ¾Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ð´Ð°Ñ†Ð¸Ð¸ Ð½Ð°Ñ†Ð¸Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð»ÑŒÐ½Ñ‹Ñ… Ñ€ÐµÐ³ÑƒÐ»ÑÑ‚Ð¾Ñ€Ð½Ñ‹Ñ… Ð¾Ñ€Ð³Ð°Ð½Ð¾Ð² Ð¸ Ð’ÑÐµÐ¼Ð¸Ñ€Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¾Ñ€Ð³Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð·Ð°Ñ†Ð¸Ð¸ Ð·Ð´Ñ€Ð°Ð²Ð¾Ð¾Ñ…Ñ€Ð°Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ Ð»ÐµÑ‡ÐµÐ½Ð¸ÑŽ Ð·Ð°Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐ²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð¹ Ð¸ ÑÐµÐ¿Ñ‚Ð¸Ñ‡ÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑˆÐ¾ÐºÐ°, Ð²Ñ‹Ð·Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ‹Ñ… SARS-CoV-2, Ð² Ñ‚Ð¾Ð¼ Ñ‡Ð¸ÑÐ»Ðµ Ñ†ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ²Ñ‹Ðµ Ð·Ð½Ð°Ñ‡ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ¸ÑÑ‚ÐµÐ¼Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð³ÐµÐ¼Ð¾Ð´Ð¸Ð½Ð°Ð¼Ð¸ÐºÐ¸ Ñƒ Ð¿Ð°Ñ†Ð¸ÐµÐ½Ñ‚Ð¾Ð², Ð¿ÐµÑ€ÐµÑ‡ÐµÐ½ÑŒ Ñ€ÐµÐºÐ¾Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ð´ÑƒÐµÐ¼Ñ Ñ… Ð»ÐµÐºÐ°Ñ€ÑÑ‚Ð²ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ‹Ñ… ÑÑ€ÐµÐ´ÑÑ‚Ð², ÑÐ¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ‹ Ð¸Ñ… Ð¿Ñ€Ð¸Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ Ð¾Ð³Ñ€Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ‡ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ñ„Ð°Ñ€Ð¼Ð°ÐºÐ¾Ñ‚ÐµÑ€Ð°Ð¿Ð¸Ð¸.
JO  - Safety and Risk of Pharmacotherapy (E-Journal) / Безопасность и риск фармакотерапии
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 8
IS  - 1
PG  - 3-8
SP  - 3
EP  - 8
AN  - 
DO  - 10.30895/2312-7821-2020-8-1
UR  - https://www.risksafety.ru/jour/article/view/173
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - INNATE IMMUNITY IN CORONAVIRUS INFECTION ; ВРОЖДЕННЫЙ ИММУНИТЕТ ПРИ КОРОНАВИРУСНОЙ ИНФЕКЦИИ
AU  - Smirnov, V.
AU  - Totolyan, A.
AU  - С., В. Смирнов
AU  - А., А. Тотолян
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronaviruses (CoVs) comprise a polymorphic group of respiratory viruses causing acute inflammatory diseases in domestic and agricultural animals (chicken, pig, buffalo, cat, dog). Until recently, this infection in humans was mainly observed during the autumn-winter period and characterized by a mild, often asymptomatic, course. The situation changed dramatically in 2003, when SARS outbreak caused by pathogenic CoV (SARS-CoV) was recorded in China. A decade later, a new CoV outbreak occurred in the form of the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS-CoV), whereas in December 2019, SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) cases were recorded, which transformed within the first months of 2020 into the pandemic. In all three cases, CoV disease led to severe bronchopulmonary lesions, varying from dry, debilitating cough to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). At the same time, multiple changes in innate immunity were noted most often manifested as a pronounced inflammatory reaction in the lower respiratory tract, featured by damaged type II pneumocytes, apoptosis, hyalinization of alveolar membranes, focal or generalized pulmonary edema. Destructive processes in the respiratory tract were accompanied by migration of monocytes/macrophages and granulocyte neutrophils to the inflammatory focus. Such events were accompanied by production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which magnitude could ascend up to a cytokine storm. SARS-CoV is characterized by symptoms of secondary immunosuppression, manifested by the late onset of interferon production and activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes â€“ the key inflammatory factor. The reason for such reaction may be accounted for by CoV arsenal containing extensive set of structural and inflammatory proteins exerting pro-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. Delayed IFN production allowed CoV to replicate actively and freely, and when type I IFN synthesis was eventually triggered, its activity was detrimental and accompanied by an aggravated infection course. Thus, SARS can surely be referred to immune-dependent infections with a marked immunopathological component. The purpose of this review was to describe some mechanisms underlying formation of innate immune response to infection caused by pathogenic coronaviruses SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19). ; ÐšÐ¾Ñ€Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð²Ð¸Ñ€ÑƒÑÑ‹ (CoV) Ð¿Ñ€ÐµÐ´ÑÑ‚Ð°Ð²Ð»ÑÑŽÑ‚ ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸Ð¼Ð¾Ñ€Ñ„Ð½ÑƒÑŽ Ð³Ñ€ÑƒÐ¿Ð¿Ñƒ Ñ€ÐµÑÐ¿Ð¸Ñ€Ð°Ñ‚Ð¾Ñ€Ð½Ñ‹Ñ… Ð²Ð¸Ñ€ÑƒÑÐ¾Ð², Ð²Ñ‹Ð·Ñ‹Ð²Ð°ÑŽÑ‰Ð¸Ñ… Ð¾ÑÑ‚Ñ€Ñ‹Ðµ Ð²Ð¾ÑÐ¿Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ñ‚ÐµÐ»ÑŒÐ½Ñ‹Ðµ Ð·Ð°Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐ²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ñƒ Ð´Ð¾Ð¼Ð°ÑˆÐ½Ð¸Ñ… Ð¸ ÑÐµÐ»ÑŒÑÐºÐ¾Ñ…Ð¾Ð·ÑÐ¹ÑÑ‚Ð²ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ‹Ñ… Ð¶Ð¸Ð²Ð¾Ñ‚Ð½Ñ‹Ñ… (ÐºÑƒÑ€Ñ‹, ÑÐ²Ð¸Ð½ÑŒÐ¸, Ð±ÑƒÐ¹Ð²Ð¾Ð»Ñ‹, ÐºÐ¾ÑˆÐºÐ¸, ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð°ÐºÐ¸). Ð£ Ð»ÑŽÐ´ÐµÐ¹ Ð¸Ð½Ñ„ÐµÐºÑ†Ð¸Ñ Ð´Ð¾ Ð½ÐµÐ´Ð°Ð²Ð½ÐµÐ³Ð¾ Ð²Ñ€ÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ð¸ Ð½Ð°Ð±Ð»ÑŽÐ´Ð°Ð»Ð¾ÑÑŒ Ð¿Ñ€ÐµÐ¸Ð¼ÑƒÑ‰ÐµÑÑ‚Ð²ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾ Ð² Ð¾ÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ðµ-Ð·Ð¸Ð¼Ð½Ð¸Ð¹ Ð¿ÐµÑ€Ð¸Ð¾Ð´ Ð¸ Ñ…Ð°Ñ€Ð°ÐºÑ‚ÐµÑ€Ð¸Ð·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð»Ð°ÑÑŒ Ð»ÐµÐ³ÐºÐ¸Ð¼, Ð·Ð°Ñ‡Ð°ÑÑ‚ÑƒÑŽ Ð±ÐµÑÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð¿Ñ‚Ð¾Ð¼Ð½Ñ‹Ð¼, Ñ‚ÐµÑ‡ÐµÐ½Ð¸ÐµÐ¼. Ð¡Ð¸Ñ‚ÑƒÐ°Ñ†Ð¸Ñ Ñ€ÐµÐ·ÐºÐ¾ Ð¸Ð·Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð»Ð°ÑÑŒ, Ð² 2003 Ð³Ð¾Ð´Ñƒ, ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð´Ð° Ð² ÐšÐ¸Ñ‚Ð°Ðµ Ð±Ñ‹Ð»Ð° Ð·Ð°Ñ€ÐµÐ³Ð¸ÑÑ‚Ñ€Ð¸Ñ€Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð° Ð²ÑÐ¿Ñ‹ÑˆÐºÐ° Ð°Ñ‚Ð¸Ð¿Ð¸Ñ‡Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¿Ð½ÐµÐ²Ð¼Ð¾Ð½Ð¸Ð¸, Ð²Ñ‹Ð·Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¿Ð°Ñ‚Ð¾Ð³ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ‹Ð¼ CoV (SARS-CoV). Ð¡Ð¿ÑƒÑÑ‚Ñ 10 Ð»ÐµÑ‚ Ð²Ð¾Ð·Ð½Ð¸ÐºÐ»Ð° Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ñ Ð²ÑÐ¿Ñ‹ÑˆÐºÐ° CoV Ð² Ð²Ð¸Ð´Ðµ Ð±Ð»Ð¸Ð¶Ð½ÐµÐ²Ð¾ÑÑ‚Ð¾Ñ‡Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ñ€ÐµÑÐ¿Ð¸Ñ€Ð°Ñ‚Ð¾Ñ€Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ¸Ð½Ð´Ñ€Ð¾Ð¼Ð° (MERS-CoV), Ð° Ð² Ð´ÐµÐºÐ°Ð±Ñ€Ðµ 2019 Ð³. Ð¾Ñ‚Ð¼ÐµÑ‡ÐµÐ½Ñ‹ ÑÐ»ÑƒÑ‡Ð°Ð¸ SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19), Ñ‚Ñ€Ð°Ð½ÑÑ„Ð¾Ñ€Ð¼Ð¸Ñ€Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð²ÑˆÐ¸ÐµÑÑ Ð² Ð¿ÐµÑ€Ð²Ñ‹Ðµ Ð¼ÐµÑÑÑ†Ñ‹ 2020 Ð³. Ð² Ð¿Ð°Ð½Ð´ÐµÐ¼Ð¸ÑŽ. Ð’Ð¾ Ð²ÑÐµÑ… Ñ‚Ñ€ÐµÑ… ÑÐ»ÑƒÑ‡Ð°ÑÑ… Ð·Ð°Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐ²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ Ñ‡Ð°ÑÑ‚Ð¾ Ð¿Ñ€Ð¸Ð²Ð¾Ð´Ð¸Ð»Ð¾ Ðº Ñ‚ÑÐ¶ÐµÐ»Ñ‹Ð¼Ð¸ Ð±Ñ€Ð¾Ð½Ñ…Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐ³Ð¾Ñ‡Ð½Ñ‹Ð¼Ð¸ Ð¿Ð¾Ñ€Ð°Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸ÑÐ¼Ð¸, Ð²Ð°Ñ€ÑŒÐ¸Ñ€Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð²ÑˆÐ¸Ð¼ Ð¾Ñ‚ ÑÑƒÑ…Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¸Ð·Ð½ÑƒÑ€Ð¸Ñ‚ÐµÐ»ÑŒÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÐºÐ°ÑˆÐ»Ñ Ð´Ð¾ Ð¾ÑÑ‚Ñ€Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ñ€ÐµÑÐ¿Ð¸Ñ€Ð°Ñ‚Ð¾Ñ€Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð´Ð¸ÑÑ‚Ñ€ÐµÑÑ ÑÐ¸Ð½Ð´Ñ€Ð¾Ð¼Ð° (ÐžÐ Ð”Ð¡). ÐžÐ´Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ñ€ÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾ Ñ ÑÑ‚Ð¸Ð¼ Ð¾Ñ‚Ð¼ÐµÑ‡ÐµÐ½Ñ‹ Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑÑ‚Ð²ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ‹Ðµ Ð¸Ð·Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð² ÑÐ¸ÑÑ‚ÐµÐ¼Ðµ Ð²Ñ€Ð¾Ð¶Ð´ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¸Ð¼Ð¼ÑƒÐ½Ð¸Ñ‚ÐµÑ‚Ð Ñ‡Ð°Ñ‰Ðµ Ð²ÑÐµÐ³Ð¾ Ð² Ð²Ð¸Ð´Ðµ Ð²Ñ‹Ñ€Ð°Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð²Ð¾ÑÐ¿Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ñ‚ÐµÐ»ÑŒÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ Ñ€ÐµÐ°ÐºÑ†Ð¸Ð¸ Ð² Ð½Ð¸Ð¶Ð½Ð¸Ñ… Ð´Ñ‹Ñ…Ð°Ñ‚ÐµÐ»ÑŒÐ½Ñ‹Ñ… Ð¿ÑƒÑ‚ÑÑ…, Ð¿Ñ€Ð¾ÑÐ²Ð»ÑÐ²ÑˆÐ¸ÐµÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð²Ñ€ÐµÐ¶Ð´ÐµÐ½Ð¸ÐµÐ¼ Ð¿Ð½ÐµÐ²Ð¼Ð¾Ñ†Ð¸Ñ‚Ð¾Ð² II Ð¿Ð¾Ñ€ÑÐ´ÐºÐ°, ÑÐ²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸ÑÐ¼Ð¸ Ð°Ð¿Ð¾Ð¿Ñ‚Ð¾Ð·Ð°, Ð³Ð¸Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð½Ð¸Ð·Ð°Ñ†Ð¸ÐµÐ¹ Ð°Ð»ÑŒÐ²ÐµÐ¾Ð»ÑÑ€Ð½Ñ‹Ñ… Ð¼ÐµÐ¼Ð±Ñ€Ð°Ð½, Ð¾Ñ‡Ð°Ð³Ð¾Ð²Ñ‹Ð¼ Ð¸Ð»Ð¸ Ð³ÐµÐ½ÐµÑ€Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ‹Ð¼ Ð¾Ñ‚ÐµÐºÐ¾Ð¼ Ð»ÐµÐ³ÐºÐ¸Ñ…. Ð”ÐµÑÑ‚Ñ€ÑƒÐºÑ‚Ð¸Ð²Ð½Ñ‹Ðµ Ð¿Ñ€Ð¾Ñ†ÐµÑÑÑ‹ Ð² Ñ€ÐµÑÐ¿Ð¸Ñ€Ð°Ñ‚Ð¾Ñ€Ð½Ð¾Ð¼ Ð¾Ñ‚Ð´ÐµÐ»Ðµ ÑÐ¾Ð¿Ñ€Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ð¶Ð´Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÑŒ Ð¼Ð¸Ð³Ñ€Ð°Ñ†Ð¸ÐµÐ¹ Ð² Ð¾Ñ‡Ð°Ð³ Ð²Ð¾ÑÐ¿Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ñ‚ÐµÐ»ÑŒÐ½Ñ‹Ñ… Ð¼Ð¾Ð½Ð¾Ñ†Ð¸Ñ‚Ð¾Ð²/Ð¼Ð°ÐºÑ€Ð¾Ñ„Ð°Ð³Ð¾Ð² Ð¸ Ð³Ñ€Ð°Ð½ÑƒÐ»Ð¾Ñ†Ð¸Ñ‚Ð°Ñ€Ð½Ñ‹Ñ… Ð½ÐµÐ¹Ñ‚Ñ€Ð¾Ñ„Ð¸Ð»Ð¾Ð². ÐÐ° Ñ„Ð¾Ð½Ðµ Ð¿ÐµÑ€ÐµÑ‡Ð¸ÑÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ‹Ñ… ÑÐ²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹ Ð½Ð°Ð±Ð»ÑŽÐ´Ð°Ð»Ð°ÑÑŒ Ð²Ñ‹Ñ€Ð°Ð±Ð¾Ñ‚ÐºÐ° Ð¿Ñ€Ð¾Ð²Ð¾ÑÐ¿Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ñ‚ÐµÐ»ÑŒÐ½Ñ‹Ñ… Ñ†Ð¸Ñ‚Ð¾ÐºÐ¸Ð½Ð¾Ð², Ð¸Ð½Ñ‚ÐµÐ½ÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾ÑÑ‚ÑŒ ÐºÐ¾Ñ‚Ð¾Ñ€Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ‚ Ð½Ð°Ñ€Ð°ÑÑ‚Ð°Ñ‚ÑŒ Ð´Ð¾ Ñ†Ð¸Ñ‚Ð¾ÐºÐ¸Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑˆÑ‚Ð¾Ñ€Ð¼Ð°. Ð”Ð»Ñ SARS-CoV Ñ…Ð°Ñ€Ð°ÐºÑ‚ÐµÑ€Ð½Ñ‹ ÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð¿Ñ‚Ð¾Ð¼Ñ‹ Ð²Ñ‚Ð¾Ñ€Ð¸Ñ‡Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¸Ð¼Ð¼ÑƒÐ½Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ¿Ñ€ÐµÑÑÐ¸Ð¸, Ð¿Ñ€Ð¾ÑÐ²Ð»ÑÐ²ÑˆÐ¸ÐµÑÑ Ð² Ð¿Ð¾Ð·Ð´Ð½ÐµÐ¼ Ð½Ð°Ñ‡Ð°Ð»Ðµ ÑÐ¸Ð½Ñ‚ÐµÐ·Ð° Ð¸Ð½Ñ‚ÐµÑ€Ñ„ÐµÑ€Ð¾Ð½Ð¾Ð² Ð¸ Ð°ÐºÑ‚Ð¸Ð²Ð°Ñ†Ð¸Ð¸ ÐºÐ»ÑŽÑ‡ÐµÐ²Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ñ„Ð°ÐºÑ‚Ð¾Ñ€Ð° Ð²Ð¾ÑÐ¿Ð°Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ â€“ NLRP3 Ð¸Ð½Ñ„Ð»Ð°Ð¼Ð¼Ð°ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ‹. ÐŸÑ€Ð¸Ñ‡Ð¸Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ð¾Ð±Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ Ñ€ÐµÐ°ÐºÑ†Ð¸Ð¸ ÑÐ²Ð»ÑÐµÑ‚ÑÑ Â«Ð²Ð¾Ð¾Ñ€ÑƒÐ¶ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾ÑÑ‚ÑŒÂ» CoV Ð¾Ð±ÑˆÐ¸Ñ€Ð½Ñ‹Ð¼ Ð½Ð°Ð±Ð¾Ñ€Ð¾Ð¼ ÑÑ‚Ñ€ÑƒÐºÑ‚ÑƒÑ€Ð½Ñ‹Ñ… Ð¸ Ð²Ð¾ÑÐ¿Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ñ‚ÐµÐ»ÑŒÐ½Ñ‹Ñ… Ð±ÐµÐ»ÐºÐ¾Ð², Ð¾Ð±Ð»Ð°Ð´Ð°ÑŽÑ‰Ð¸Ñ… Ð¿Ñ€Ð¾Ð²Ð¾ÑÐ¿Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ñ‚ÐµÐ»ÑŒÐ½Ñ‹Ð¼Ð¸ Ð¸ Ð¸Ð¼Ð¼ÑƒÐ½Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ¿Ñ€ÐµÑÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ñ‹Ð¼Ð¸ ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð¹ÑÑ‚Ð²Ð°Ð¼Ð¸. ÐžÑ‚ÑÑ€Ð¾Ñ‡ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ‹Ð¹ ÑÐ¸Ð½Ñ‚ÐµÐ· IFN Ð¿Ð¾Ð·Ð²Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ» Ð²Ð¸Ñ€ÑƒÑÑƒ Ð°ÐºÑ‚Ð¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾ Ð¸ Ð±ÐµÑÐ¿Ñ€ÐµÐ¿ÑÑ‚ÑÑ‚Ð²ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾ Ñ€ÐµÐ¿Ð»Ð¸Ñ†Ð¸Ñ€Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ñ‚ÑŒ, Ð° ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð´Ð° Ð²ÑÐµ Ð¶Ðµ Ð¾Ñ€Ð³Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð·Ð¼ Ð·Ð°Ð¿ÑƒÑÐºÐ°Ð» ÑÐ¸Ð½Ñ‚ÐµÐ· IFN I, ÐµÐ³Ð¾ Ð´ÐµÐ¹ÑÑ‚Ð²Ð¸Ðµ Ð¾ÐºÐ°Ð·Ñ‹Ð²Ð°Ð»Ð¾ÑÑŒ Ð²Ñ€ÐµÐ´Ð½Ñ‹Ð¼ Ð¸ ÑÐ¾Ð¿Ñ€Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ð¶Ð´Ð°Ð»Ð¾ÑÑŒ ÑƒÑ‚ÑÐ¶ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸ÐµÐ¼ Ñ‚ÐµÑ‡ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸Ð½Ñ„ÐµÐºÑ†Ð¸Ð¸. Ð¢Ð°ÐºÐ¸Ð¼ Ð¾Ð±Ñ€Ð°Ð·Ð¾Ð¼, SARS Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶Ð½Ð¾ Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½Ñ‹Ð¼ Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸ÐµÐ¼ Ð¾Ñ‚Ð½ÐµÑÑ‚Ð¸ Ðº Ñ‡Ð¸ÑÐ»Ñƒ Ð¸Ð¼Ð¼ÑƒÐ½Ð¾-Ð·Ð°Ð²Ð¸ÑÐ¸Ð¼Ñ‹Ñ… Ð¸Ð½Ñ„ÐµÐºÑ†Ð¸Ð¹ Ñ Ð²Ñ‹Ñ€Ð°Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ‹Ð¼ Ð¸Ð¼Ð¼ÑƒÐ½Ð¾Ð¿Ð°Ñ‚Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ñ‡ÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¼ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð¾Ð½ÐµÐ½Ñ‚Ð¾Ð¼. Ð¦ÐµÐ»ÑŒ ÑÑ‚Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¾Ð±Ð·Ð¾Ñ€Ð° Ð¾Ð¿Ð¸ÑÐ°Ñ‚ÑŒ Ð½ÐµÐºÐ¾Ñ‚Ð¾Ñ€Ñ‹Ðµ Ð¼ÐµÑ…Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð·Ð¼Ñ‹ Ñ„Ð¾Ñ€Ð¼Ð¸Ñ€Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð²Ñ€Ð¾Ð¶Ð´ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¸Ð¼Ð¼ÑƒÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¾Ñ‚Ð²ÐµÑ‚Ð° Ð½Ð° Ð¸Ð½Ñ„Ð¸Ñ†Ð¸Ñ€Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¿Ð°Ñ‚Ð¾Ð³ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ‹Ð¼Ð¸ ÐºÐ¾Ñ€Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð²Ð¸Ñ€ÑƒÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¸: SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV Ð¸ CoV-2 (COVID-19).
JO  - Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity;
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.15789 / 2220-7619-2019-0
UR  - https://www.iimmun.ru/iimm/article/view/1440
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - THE HISTORY OF INVESTIGATION AND MODERN CLASSIFICATION OF CORONAVIRUSES (NIDOVIRALES: CORONAVIRIDAE) ; ИСТОРИЯ ИЗУЧЕНИЯ И СОВРЕМЕННАЯ КЛАССИФИКАЦИЯ КОРОНАВИРУСОВ (NIDOVIRALES: CORONAVIRIDAE)
AU  - Yu., M. Shchelkanov
AU  - Yu., A. Popova
AU  - G., V. Dedkov
AU  - G., V. Akimkin
AU  - V., V. Maleyev
AU  - Ю., М. Щелканов
AU  - Ю., А. Попова
AU  - Г., В. Дедков
AU  - Г., В. Акимкин
AU  - В., В. Малеев
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - An epidemic of COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019) etiologically associated with the SARS-CoV-2 (Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2) that occurred at the turn of 2019-2020 firstly in Wuhan (Hubei province of China) and then spread to many countries around the world has generated a new wave of interest in coronaviruses. The first coronaviruses â€“ representatives of the family Coronaviridae from the order Nidovirales â€“ were discovered in the first half of the last century. The first human coronavirus, HCoV-B814, was isolated in 1965 and to date it has not been preserved in virological collections. Over the past time, there has been a repeated layering of obsolete names. By the beginning of the XXI century coronaviruses were a serious veterinary problem but it was believed that epidemic coronaviruses were not especially dangerous. The scientific community had to revise these views for the very first time in 2002, when SARS-CoV (Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus) virus entered the human population from the bats in Southeast Asia, and then in 2012 â€“ when natural foci of the MERS-CoV (Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus) were discovered on the territory of the Arabian Peninsula. As a result of increased interest in coronaviruses a large number of new members of the Coronaviridae were discovered in the first two decades of the XXI century, which required several revisions of the taxonomic structure of this family. This review is devoted to the history of studying coronaviruses and the system of their modern classification, which has developed at the beginning of 2020 in accordance with the latest recommendations of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. ; Ð’Ð¾Ð·Ð½Ð¸ÐºÑˆÐ°Ñ Ð½Ð° Ñ€ÑƒÐ±ÐµÐ¶Ðµ 2019-2020 Ð³Ð³. ÑÐ½Ð°Ñ‡Ð°Ð»Ð° Ð² Ð³. Ð£Ñ…Ð°Ð½ÑŒ (ÐºÐ¸Ñ‚Ð°Ð¹ÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ Ð¿Ñ€Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ð½Ñ†Ð¸Ð¸ Ð¥ÑƒÐ±ÑÐ¹) Ð¸ Ñ€Ð°ÑÐ¿Ñ€Ð¾ÑÑ‚Ñ€Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð²ÑˆÐ°ÑÑÑ Ð·Ð°Ñ‚ÐµÐ¼ Ð²Ð¾ Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ðµ ÑÑ‚Ñ€Ð°Ð½Ñ‹ Ð¼Ð¸Ñ€Ð° ÑÐ¿Ð¸Ð´ÐµÐ¼Ð¸Ñ COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019), ÑÑ‚Ð¸Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ñ‡ÐµÑÐºÐ¸ ÑÐ²ÑÐ·Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ Ñ Ð²Ð¸Ñ€ÑƒÑÐ¾Ð¼ Ñ‚ÑÐ¶Ñ‘Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¾ÑÑ‚Ñ€Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ñ€ÐµÑÐ¿Ð¸Ñ€Ð°Ñ‚Ð¾Ñ€Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ¸Ð½Ð´Ñ€Ð¾Ð¼Ð° 2â€‘Ð³Ð¾ Ñ‚Ð¸Ð¿Ð° (SARS-CoV-2 â€“ Severe acute respiratory syndrome 2), Ð¿Ð¾Ñ€Ð¾Ð´Ð¸Ð»Ð° Ð½Ð¾Ð²ÑƒÑŽ Ð²Ð¾Ð»Ð½Ñƒ Ð¸Ð½Ñ‚ÐµÑ€ÐµÑÐ° Ðº ÐºÐ¾Ñ€Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð²Ð¸Ñ€ÑƒÑÐ°Ð¼. ÐŸÐµÑ€Ð²Ñ‹Ðµ ÐºÐ¾Ñ€Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð²Ð¸Ñ€ÑƒÑÑ‹ â€“ Ð¿Ñ€ÐµÐ´ÑÑ‚Ð°Ð²Ð¸Ñ‚ÐµÐ»Ð¸ ÑÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ¹ÑÑ‚Ð²Ð° Coronaviridae Ð¸Ð· Ð¾Ñ‚Ñ€ÑÐ´Ð° Nidovirales â€“ Ð±Ñ‹Ð»Ð¸ Ð¾Ñ‚ÐºÑ€Ñ‹Ñ‚Ñ‹ ÐµÑ‰Ñ‘ Ð² Ð¿ÐµÑ€Ð²Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ð½Ðµ Ð¿Ñ€Ð¾ÑˆÐ»Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð²ÐµÐºÐ°. ÐŸÐµÑ€Ð²Ñ‹Ð¹ ÐºÐ¾Ñ€Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð²Ð¸Ñ€ÑƒÑ Ñ‡ÐµÐ»Ð¾Ð²ÐµÐºÐ°, HCoV-B814, Ð±Ñ‹Ð» Ð¸Ð·Ð¾Ð»Ð¸Ñ€Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½ Ð² 1965 Ð³. Ð¸ Ðº Ð½Ð°ÑÑ‚Ð¾ÑÑ‰ÐµÐ¼Ñƒ Ð²Ñ€ÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ½ Ð½Ðµ ÑÐ¾Ñ…Ñ€Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð»ÑÑ Ð² Ð²Ð¸Ñ€ÑƒÑÐ¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ñ‡ÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ… ÐºÐ¾Ð»Ð»ÐµÐºÑ†Ð¸ÑÑ…. Ð—Ð° Ð¿Ñ€Ð¾ÑˆÐµÐ´ÑˆÐµÐµ Ð²Ñ€ÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð¿Ñ€Ð¾Ð¸Ð·Ð¾ÑˆÐ»Ð¾ Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ÐºÑ€Ð°Ñ‚Ð½Ð¾Ðµ Ð½Ð°ÑÐ»Ð¾ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ ÑƒÑÑ‚Ð°Ñ€ÐµÐ²ÑˆÐ¸Ñ… Ð½Ð°Ð·Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð¹. Ðš Ð½Ð°Ñ‡Ð°Ð»Ñƒ XXI Ð²ÐµÐºÐ° ÐºÐ¾Ñ€Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð²Ð¸Ñ€ÑƒÑÑ‹ Ð¿Ñ€ÐµÐ´ÑÑ‚Ð°Ð²Ð»ÑÐ»Ð¸ ÑÐµÑ€ÑŒÑ‘Ð·Ð½ÑƒÑŽ Ð²ÐµÑ‚ÐµÑ€Ð¸Ð½Ð°Ñ€Ð½ÑƒÑŽ Ð¿Ñ€Ð¾Ð±Ð»ÐµÐ¼Ñƒ, Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð°ÐºÐ¾ ÑÑ‡Ð¸Ñ‚Ð°Ð»Ð¾ÑÑŒ, Ñ‡Ñ‚Ð¾ ÑÐ¿Ð¸Ð´ÐµÐ¼Ð¸Ñ‡ÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ðµ ÐºÐ¾Ñ€Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð²Ð¸Ñ€ÑƒÑÑ‹ Ð½Ðµ Ð¾Ñ‚Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÑ‚ÑÑ Ðº Ñ‡Ð¸ÑÐ»Ñƒ Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¾ Ð¾Ð¿Ð°ÑÐ½Ñ‹Ñ…. ÐÐ°ÑƒÑ‡Ð½Ð¾Ð¼Ñƒ ÑÐ¾Ð¾Ð±Ñ‰ÐµÑÑ‚Ð²Ñƒ Ð¿Ñ€Ð¸ÑˆÐ»Ð¾ÑÑŒ Ð¿ÐµÑ€ÐµÑÐ¼Ð°Ñ‚Ñ€Ð¸Ð²Ð°Ñ‚ÑŒ ÑÑ‚Ð¸ Ð¿Ñ€ÐµÐ´ÑÑ‚Ð°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ½Ð°Ñ‡Ð°Ð»Ð° Ð² 2002 Ð³., ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð´Ð° Ð²Ð¸Ñ€ÑƒÑ Ñ‚ÑÐ¶Ñ‘Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¾ÑÑ‚Ñ€Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ñ€ÐµÑÐ¿Ð¸Ñ€Ð°Ñ‚Ð¾Ñ€Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ¸Ð½Ð´Ñ€Ð¾Ð¼Ð° (SARS-CoV â€“ Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus) Ð¿Ñ€Ð¾Ð½Ð¸Ðº Ð² Ð¿Ð¾Ð¿ÑƒÐ»ÑÑ†Ð¸ÑŽ Ð»ÑŽÐ´ÐµÐ¹ Ð¸Ð· Ð¿Ð¾Ð¿ÑƒÐ»ÑÑ†Ð¸Ð¸ Ð»ÐµÑ‚ÑƒÑ‡Ð¸Ñ… Ð¼Ñ‹ÑˆÐµÐ¹ Ð² Ð®Ð³Ð¾-Ð’Ð¾ÑÑ‚Ð¾Ñ‡Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÐÐ·Ð¸Ð¸, Ð° Ð¿Ð¾Ñ‚Ð¾Ð¼ Ð² 2012 Ð³. â€“ ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð´Ð° Ð±Ñ‹Ð»Ð¸ Ð¾Ñ‚ÐºÑ€Ñ‹Ñ‚Ñ‹ Ð¿Ñ€Ð¸Ñ€Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ñ‹Ðµ Ð¾Ñ‡Ð°Ð³Ð¸ Ð²Ð¸Ñ€ÑƒÑÐ° Ð‘Ð»Ð¸Ð¶Ð½ÐµÐ²Ð¾ÑÑ‚Ð¾Ñ‡Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ñ€ÐµÑÐ¿Ð¸Ñ€Ð°Ñ‚Ð¾Ñ€Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ¸Ð½Ð´Ñ€Ð¾Ð¼Ð° (MERS-CoV â€“ Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus) Ð½Ð° Ñ‚ÐµÑ€Ñ€Ð¸Ñ‚Ð¾Ñ€Ð¸Ð¸ ÐÑ€Ð°Ð²Ð¸Ð¹ÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑƒÐ¾ÑÑ‚Ñ€Ð¾Ð²Ð°. Ð’ Ñ€ÐµÐ·ÑƒÐ»ÑŒÑ‚Ð°Ñ‚Ðµ Ð°ÐºÑ‚Ð¸Ð²Ð¸Ð·Ð°Ñ†Ð¸Ð¸ Ð¸Ð½Ñ‚ÐµÑ€ÐµÑÐ° Ðº ÐºÐ¾Ñ€Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð²Ð¸Ñ€ÑƒÑ Ð°Ð¼, Ð² Ð¿ÐµÑ€Ð²Ñ‹Ðµ Ð´Ð²Ð° Ð´ÐµÑÑÑ‚Ð¸Ð»ÐµÑ‚Ð¸Ñ XXI Ð²ÐµÐºÐ° Ð±Ñ‹Ð»Ð¾ Ð¾Ñ‚ÐºÑ€Ñ‹Ñ‚Ð¾ Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÑŒÑˆÐ¾Ðµ ÐºÐ¾Ð»Ð¸Ñ‡ÐµÑÑ‚Ð²Ð¾ Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ñ‹Ñ… Ð¿Ñ€ÐµÐ´ÑÑ‚Ð°Ð²Ð¸Ñ‚ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ¹ Coronaviridae, Ñ‡Ñ‚Ð¾ Ð¿Ð¾Ñ‚Ñ€ÐµÐ±Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð»Ð¾ Ð½ÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð»ÑŒÐºÐ¸Ñ… Ñ€ÐµÐ²Ð¸Ð·Ð¸Ð¹ Ñ‚Ð°ÐºÑÐ¾Ð½Ð¾Ð¼Ð¸Ñ‡ÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ ÑÑ‚Ñ€ÑƒÐºÑ‚ÑƒÑ€Ñ‹ ÑÑ‚Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ¹ÑÑ‚Ð²Ð°. ÐÐ°ÑÑ‚Ð¾ÑÑ‰Ð¸Ð¹ Ð¾Ð±Ð·Ð¾Ñ€ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ²ÑÑ‰Ñ‘Ð½ Ð¸ÑÑ‚Ð¾Ñ€Ð¸Ð¸ Ð¸Ð·ÑƒÑ‡ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ñ€Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð²Ð¸Ñ€ÑƒÑÐ¾Ð² Ð¸ ÑÐ¸ÑÑ‚ÐµÐ¼Ðµ Ð¸Ñ… ÑÐ¾Ð²Ñ€ÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÐºÐ»Ð°ÑÑÐ¸Ñ„Ð¸ÐºÐ°Ñ†Ð¸Ð¸, ÐºÐ¾Ñ‚Ð¾Ñ€Ð°Ñ ÑÐ»Ð¾Ð¶Ð¸Ð»Ð°ÑÑŒ Ð½Ð° Ð½Ð°Ñ‡Ð°Ð»Ð¾ 2020 Ð³. Ð² ÑÐ¾Ð¾Ñ‚Ð²ÐµÑ‚ÑÑ‚Ð²Ð¸Ðµ Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð½Ð¸Ð¼Ð¸ Ñ€ÐµÐºÐ¾Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ð´Ð°Ñ†Ð¸ÑÐ¼Ð¸ ÐœÐµÐ¶Ð´ÑƒÐ½Ð°Ñ€Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÐšÐ¾Ð¼Ð¸Ñ‚ÐµÑ‚Ð° Ð¿Ð¾ Ñ‚Ð°ÐºÑÐ¾Ð½Ð¾Ð¼Ð¸Ð¸ Ð²Ð¸Ñ€ÑƒÑÐ¾Ð².
JO  - Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity (Infektsiya i immunitet) / Инфекция и иммунитет
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.iimmun.ru/iimm/article/view/1412
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - BORN IN WUHAN: LESSONS FROM COVID-2019 EPIDEMIC IN CHINA ; РОЖДЕННАЯ В УХАНЕ: УРОКИ ЭПИДЕМИИ COVID-2019 В КИТАЕ
AU  - V., A. Semenov
AU  - Y., N. Pshenichnaya
AU  - В., А. Семенов
AU  - Ю., Н. Пшеничная
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-2019 epidemic curve inChina can be divided into several stages. Despite transparency in informing the world public about clusters of undiagnosed viral pneumonia, the country's health care at the first stage of the epidemic was not ready to provide adequate and rapid response for a fast increase in the number of patients with COVID-2019, infection control measures were not fully implemented, which also led to a large number of nosocomial cases of infection among medical workers and patients. Socially vulnerable groups of the population did not refer for medical assistance in a timely manner due to the lack of the disease danger understanding and also in connection with the high cost for them of medical aid. At the second stage, simultaneously with the restrictive measures introduced by the government, the entire health care system was rebooted: free medical care for patients with COVID-2019 was provided and the strictest infection control measures were implemented, multi-level contact tracking system using IT technologies was organized, and the capacity of hospitals was increased many times. Through the joint efforts of ministries, mass media, social networks and volunteer movements, an unprecedented social mobilization of the population was achieved. Strict implementation of the entire set of measures aimed at fighting the epidemic allowed to take it under strict control at the third stage and practically eliminate the epidemic after 2,5 months.China's response to the COVID-2019 epidemic can be useful to other countries, in fighting the current pandemic and in preparing for a response to biological threats in the future. ; В статье приводится оценка эпидемии COVID-2019 в Китае, которую можно разделить на несколько этапов. Несмотря на прозрачность в информировании мировой общественности, здравоохранение страны на первом этапе развития эпидемии оказалось не готово к быстрому росту числа больных с вирусной пневмонией, меры инфекционного контроля осществлялись не в полной мере, что также привело к большому числу случаев инфицирования среди медицинских работников. Социально уязвимые группы населения не обращались своевременно, в том числе, и по материальным причинам, за медицинской помощью. На втором этапе одновременно с ограничительными мерами, введенными государством произошла перезагрузка всей системы здравоохранения: стало осуществляться бесплатное оказание медицинской помощи пациентам с COVID-2019 и обеспечение строжайших мер инфекционного контроля, многоуровневое отслеживание контактов с помощью IT-технологий, организовано многократное наращивание мощности госпиталей,. Совместными усилиями министерств, средств массовой информации, социальных сетей и волонтерских движений была обеспечена беспрецендентная социальная мобилизация населения. Безукоснительное выполнение всего комплекса мер, направленных на борьбу с эпидемией, позволило взять на третьем этапе ее под жесткий контроль и практически ликвидировать, спустя 2, месяца. Ответные меры Китая на эпидемию COVID-2019 могут быть полезны другим странам, в борьбе с текущей пандемией и в подготовке к ответу на биологические угрозы в будущем.
JO  - Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity (Infektsiya i immunitet) / Инфекция и иммунитет
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.15789/2220-7619-2019-0
UR  - https://www.iimmun.ru/iimm/article/view/1453
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coinfection between dengue and covid-19: need for approach in endemic zones
AU  - Saavedra-Velasco, M.
AU  - Chiara-Chilet, C.
AU  - Pichardo-Rodriguez, R.
AU  - Grandez-Urbina, A.
AU  - Inga-Berrospi, F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Medicas (Cordoba, Argentina)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 77
IS  - 1
PG  - 52-54
SP  - 52
EP  - 54
AN  - 
DO  - 10.31053/1853.0605.v77.n1.28031
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L631433011 http://dx.doi.org/10.31053/1853.0605.v77.n1.28031
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The novel coronavirus covid-19 pandemic
AU  - Eduardo, C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Medicas (Cordoba, Argentina)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 77
IS  - 1
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.31053/1853.0605.v77.n1.27935
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L631433663 http://dx.doi.org/10.31053/1853.0605.v77.n1.27935
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recomendaciones para el manejo de pacientes que requieren atención oftalmológica durante la pandemia de SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Emparan, Juan Pablo Olivares de
AU  - León, Manuel Garza
AU  - Aguirre, Gerardo García
AU  - Coral, Tonath Azcárate
AU  - Penniecook, Jason A.
AU  - Lansingh, Van Charles
AU  - Román, Jesús Jiménez
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Rev. mex. oftalmol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Avance Online
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://rmo.com.mx/files/rmo_20_e301_covid_ae_es_aop.pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recomendaciones para el manejo de pacientes con COVID19 en el perioperatorio
AU  - Aranda, F.
AU  - Aliste, J.
AU  - Altermatt, F.
AU  - Alvarez, J. P.
AU  - Bernucci, F.
AU  - Cabrera, M. C.
AU  - Carrasco, E.
AU  - De la Fuente, R.
AU  - Egaña, J. I.
AU  - Lacassie, H.
AU  - Merino, W.
AU  - Penna, A.
AU  - Torres, D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - En diciembre de 2019, una serie de casos de neumonía de causa desconocida surgieron en Wuhan, Hubei, China, con presentaciones clínicas muy parecidas a la neumonía viral. El análisis de secuenciación profunda de muestras del tracto respiratorio inferior indicó un nuevo coronavirus, que se denominó nuevo coronavirus 2019 (2019-nCoV o SARS-CoV2) [15]. La propagación del virus ha sido extremadamente rápida, tanto así que el 11 de marzo de 2020 y luego de más de 118.000 infectados en 114 países con 4.300 fallecidos a esa fecha, la organización mundial de la salud declaró a la enfermedad COVID-19, causada por 2019-nCoV, como una pandemia.
JO  - Rev. chil. anest
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 49
IS  - 2
PG  - [196-202]
SP  - [196
EP  - 202]
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://revistachilenadeanestesia.cl/revchilanestv49n02-03/ https://revistachilenadeanestesia.cl/PII/revchilanestv49n02.03.pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recomendación Clínica: &quot;Recomendaciones para el manejo de pacientes con COVID-19 con indicación terapéutica de ventilación mecánica que eventualmente son conectados a máquinas de anestesia&quot
AU  - Aranda, F.
AU  - Aliste, J.
AU  - Altermatt, F.
AU  - Alvarez, J. P.
AU  - Bernucci, F.
AU  - Bruhn, A.
AU  - Cabrera, M. C.
AU  - Carrasco, E.
AU  - Castillo, R.
AU  - De la Fuente, R.
AU  - Díaz, R.
AU  - Egaña, J. I.
AU  - González, R.
AU  - Honorato, T.
AU  - Lacassie, H. J.
AU  - López, M.
AU  - Merino, W.
AU  - Penna, A.
AU  - Pizarro, F.
AU  - Torres, D.
AU  - Rocco, Cristián
AU  - Bruhn, Alejandro
AU  - Acuña, Darwin
AU  - Regueira, Tomás
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - La pandemia de COVID-19 producida por SARS-CoV-2 actualmente en curso anticipa una gran demanda por ventiladores mecánicos (VM), ya que un porcentaje relevante de los contagiados cae rápidamente en insuficiencia respiratoria y requiere de cuidados intensivos. Anticipándose a ese exceso de demanda y considerando que es muy probable que el número actual de ventiladores mecánicos en las unidades de cuidados intensivos (UCI) sean insuficientes, se ha solicitado a la SACH un informe técnico en relación al uso de las máquinas de anestesia como VM.
JO  - Rev. chil. anest
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 49
IS  - 2
PG  - [1-9]
SP  - [1
EP  - 9]
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://revistachilenadeanestesia.cl/revchilanestv49n03-09/ Recomendación Clínica: "Recomendaciones para el manejo de pacientes con COVID-19 con indicación terapéutica de ventilación mecánica que eventualmente son conectados a máquinas de anestesia"
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recomendaciones para la ejecución de anestesia regional no obstétrica en perioperatorio de pacientes COVID-19
AU  - Aliste, Julián
AU  - Altermatt, Fernando
AU  - Atton, Rousmary
AU  - Bravo, Daniela
AU  - Layera, Sebastián
AU  - Miranda, Pablo
AU  - Pesce, Ítalo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - En diciembre de 2019, surgió una serie de casos de neumonía causada por un nuevo coronavirus, denominado 2019-nCoV o SARS-CoV2. La propagación del virus ha sido extremadamente rápida y la organización mundial de la salud declaró a la enfermedad COVID-19, causada por 2019-nCoV, como una pandemia. En este contexto la Sociedad de Anestesiología de Chile (SACH) ha elaborado recomendaciones generales para el manejo perioperatorio de los pacientes sospechosos y/o portadores de la enfermedad. Sin embargo, dado que durante el levantamiento de evidencia para la confección de dicha guía se objetivó la ausencia de sugerencias específicas para la ejecución de técnicas de anestesia regional fuera del ambiente obstétrico, se solicitó desde el Comité Científico de SACH al Comité de Anestesia Regional de SACH (CARSACH), representante LASRA (LatinAmerican Society of Regional Anesthesia) en Chile, a través de un grupo de expertos, confeccionar recomendaciones locales en esta materia.
JO  - Rev. chil. anest
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 49
IS  - 2
PG  - [1-6]
SP  - [1
EP  - 6]
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://revistachilenadeanestesia.cl/revchilanestv49n03-08/ https://revistachilenadeanestesia.cl/PII/revchilanestv49n03.08.pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome ; Коронавирусная инфекция (COVID-19) и синдром диссеминированного внутрисосудистого свертывания
AU  - D., A. Makatsariya
AU  - N., K. Grigoreva
AU  - A., M. Mingalimov
AU  - O., V. Bitsadze
AU  - Kh., J. Khizroeva
AU  - V., M. Tretyakova
AU  - Elalamy, I.
AU  - S., A. Shkoda
AU  - B., V. Nemirovskiy
AU  - V., D. Blinov
AU  - V., D. Mitryuk
AU  - Д., А. Макацария
AU  - Н., К. Григорьева
AU  - А., М. Мингалимов
AU  - О., В. Бицадзе
AU  - Х., Д. Хизроева
AU  - В., М. Третьякова
AU  - Элалами, И.
AU  - С., А. Шкода
AU  - Б., В. Немировский
AU  - В., Д. Блинов
AU  - В., Д. Митрюк
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by the beta coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, which became widespread worldwide in 2020. In most severe patients, the clinical picture begins with respiratory failure, then progressing to polyorgan failure. The most adverse prognostic sign is the development of coagulopathy. Based on the analysis of clinical data available to date, 71.4% of those who died and 0.6% of those who survived showed signs of explicit disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome (DIC-syndrome). Monitoring of D-dimer, prothrombin time (PT), platelet and fibrinogen count are important for determining treatment and indications for hospitalization among patients with COVID-19. If these parameters deteriorate, more "aggressive" intensive care should be performed. Lowmolecular weight heparin (LMWH) should be administered to all patients with diagnosed COVID-19 infection (including non-critical patients) who require hospitalization if these patients have no contraindications for LMWH. ; COVID-19 – инфекционное заболевание, вызываемое бета- коронавирусом SARS-CoV-2, которое получило распространение по всему миру в 2020 году. У большинства тяжелых пациентов клиническая картина начинается с дыхательной недостаточности, в последующем прогрессирующей вплоть до полиорганной недостаточности. Самым неблагоприятным прогностическим признаком является развитие коагулопатии. На основании анализа доступных на сегодняшний день клинических данных у 71,4% погибших и у 0,6% выживших имелись признаки явного ДВС-синдрома. Мониторинг D-димера, протромбинового времени (ПВ), количества тромбоцитов и фибриногена важен для определения показаний к назначению лечения и госпитализации у пациентов с COVID-19. При ухудшении этих параметров должна проводиться более «агрессивная» реанимационная помощь. Низкомолекулярный гепарин (НМГ) следует назначать всем пациентам с диагностированной инфекцией COVID-19 (включая некритических больных), которым требуется госпитализация, при отсутствии у данных больных противопоказаний к НМГ.
JO  - Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproduction (AGR - E-Journal) / Акушерство, Гинекология и Репродукция (АГР)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - https://www.gynecology.su/jour/article/view/633
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel C5-modified pyrimidine ribofuranonucleosides as potential antitumor or/and antiviral agents
AU  - Kollatos, N.
AU  - Mitsos, C.
AU  - Manta, S.
AU  - Tzioumaki, N.
AU  - Giannakas, C.
AU  - Alexouli, T.
AU  - Panagiotopoulou, A.
AU  - Schols, D.
AU  - Andrei, G.
AU  - Komiotis, D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background: Nucleoside analogues are well-known antitumor, antiviral, and chemotherapeutic agents. Alterations on both their sugar and the heterocyclic parts may lead to significant changes in the spectrum of their biological activity and the degree of selective toxicity, as well as in their physicochemical properties. Method: C5-arylalkynyl-β-D-ribofuranonucleosides 3-6, 3΄-deoxy 12-15, 3΄-deoxy-3΄-C-methyl-β-D-ribofurananucleosides 18-21 and 2΄-deoxy-β-D-ribofuranonucleosides 23-26 of uracil, were synthesized using a one-step Sonogashira reaction under microwave irradiation and subsequent deprotection. Results: All newly synthesized nucleosides were tested for their antitumor or antiviral activity. Moderate cytostatic activity against cervix carcinoma (HeLa), murine leukemia (L1210) and human lymphocyte (CEM) tumor cell lines was displayed by the protected 3΄-deoxy derivatives 12b, 12c, 12d, and the 3΄-deoxy-3΄-methyl 18a, 18b, 18c. The antiviral evaluation revealed appreciable activity against Coxsackie virus B4, Respiratory syncytial virus, Yellow Fever Virus and Human Coronavirus (229E) for the 3΄-deoxy compounds 12b, 14, and the 3΄-deoxy-3΄-methyl 18a, 18c, 18d, accompanied by low cytotoxicity. Conclusion: This report describes the total and facile synthesis of modified furanononucleosides of uracil, with alterations on both the sugar and the heterocyclic portions. Compounds 12b, 14 and 18a,c,d showed noticeable antiviral activity against a series of RNA viruses and merit further biological and structural optimization investigations.
JO  - Medicinal Chemistry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 16
IS  - 3
PG  - 368-384
SP  - 368
EP  - 384
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2174/1573406415666190225112950
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2004134962 http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573406415666190225112950
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 
AU  - Ulhaq, Z. S.
AU  - Soraya, G. V.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Medecine et maladies infectieuses
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.medmal.2020.04.002
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L631442243 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.medmal.2020.04.002
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Erratum: Department of Error (The Lancet (2020) 395(10229) (1035–1036), (S0140673620306681), (10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30668-1))
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Takian A, Raoofi A, Kazempour-Ardebili S. COVID-19 battle during the toughest sanctions against Iran. Lancet 2020; 395: 1035–36—In this Correspondence, the year from which US-imposed sanctions against Iran increased was incorrect and should have been 2018, not 2019. The correction has been made to the online version as of April 16, 2020.
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 395
IS  - 10232
PG  - 1258
SP  - 1258
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30866-7
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005575791 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30866-7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recommendations for protecting against and mitigating the COVID-19 pandemic in long-term care facilities
AU  - Yen, M. Y.
AU  - Schwartz, J.
AU  - King, C. C.
AU  - Lee, C. M.
AU  - Hsueh, P. R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 outbreak has drawn heightened attention from public health scholars researching ways to limit its spread. Much of the research has been focused on minimizing transmission in hospitals and in the general community. However, a particularly vulnerable community that has received relatively little attention is elders residing in long-term care facilities (LTCFs). In this article we address this relative lack of attention, arguing that enhanced traffic control bundling (eTCB) can and should be adopted and implemented as a means of protecting LTCF residents and staff. Enhanced TCB has been widely applied in hospital settings and has proven effective at limiting droplet and fomite transmissions both within hospitals and between hospitals and the general community. By effectively adapting eTCB to LTCF conditions, particularly by incorporating compartmentalization within zones plus active surveillance, COVID-19 transmission into and throughout LTCFs can be minimized, thereby saving numerous lives among an especially vulnerable population.
JO  - Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jmii.2020.04.003
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005576036 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2020.04.003
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Suppressed T cell-mediated immunity in patients with COVID-19: a clinical retrospective study in Wuhan, China
AU  - Xu, Bo
AU  - Fan, Cun-yu
AU  - Wang, An-lu
AU  - Zou, Yi-long
AU  - Yu, Yi-han
AU  - He, Cong
AU  - Xia, Wen-guang
AU  - Zhang, Ji-xian
AU  - Miao, Qing
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - ImportanceAn ongoing outbreak of COVID-19 has exhibited significant threats around the world. We found a significant decrease of T lymphocyte subsets and an increase of inflammatory cytokines of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in clinical practice.
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.04.012
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.04.012
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The epidemiological and clinical features of COVID-19 and lessons from this global infectious public health event
AU  - Tu, Huilan
AU  - Tu, Sheng
AU  - Gao, Shiqi
AU  - Shao, Anwen
AU  - Sheng, Jifang
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and represents a potentially fatal disease of great global public health importance. As of March 26, 2020, the outbreak of COVID-19 has resulted in 462,801 confirmed cases and 20,839 deaths globally, which is more than those caused by SARS and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) in 2003 and 2013, respectively. The epidemic has posed considerable challenges worldwide. Under a strict mechanism of massive prevention and control, China has seen a rapid decrease in new cases of coronavirus; however, the global situation remains serious. Additionally, the origin of COVID-19 has not been determined and no specific antiviral treatment or vaccine is currently available. Based on the published data, this review systematically discusses the etiology, epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and current intervention measures related to COVID-19 in the hope that it may provide a reference for future studies and aid in the prevention and control of the COVID-19 epidemic.
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.04.011
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.04.011
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Viral dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 across a spectrum of disease severity in COVID-19
AU  - Lui, Grace
AU  - Ling, Lowell
AU  - Lai, Christopher K. C.
AU  - Tso, Eugene Y. K.
AU  - Fung, Kitty S. C.
AU  - Chan, Veronica
AU  - Ho, Tracy H. Y.
AU  - Luk, Fion
AU  - Chen, Zigui
AU  - Ng, Joyce K. C.
AU  - Chow, Kai-ming
AU  - Cheng, Peter K. C.
AU  - Chan, Rickjason C. W.
AU  - Tsang, Dominic N. C.
AU  - Gomersall, Charles
AU  - Hui, David S. C.
AU  - Chan, Paul K. S.
PY  - 
PD  - 
N2  - Fang et al. reported in this journal that viral shedding of SARS-CoV-2 in nasal swabs was longer in intensive care unit (ICU) patients compared with non-ICU patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19).1 COVID-19 encompasses a heterogeneous spectrum of illness, ranging from asymptomatic and mild infections, to severely ill cases in 4-16%.2,3 Here, we report the findings of a prospective cohort study to determine viral dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 in mild to critical severity of illness, and the temporal viral burden at different body sites. We included the first eleven laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients hospitalized in two hospitals in Hong Kong in February 2020. Disease severity was categorized as previously defined.3 We collected serial upper (pooled nasopharyngeal and throat swabs, N=75) and lower respiratory tract samples (sputum and tracheal aspirate, N=43), peripheral blood plasma (N=50), urine (N=43) and stool (N=43) samples from all participants, and monitored SARS-CoV-2 viral loads in these samples.4 One participant had mild, 5 moderate, 3 severe, and 2 critical disease. All patients were discharged; no one died. Their clinical and epidemiological features are shown in Table 1. Viral loads for each sample are shown
JO  - Journal of Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.04.014
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.04.014
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The performance of chest CT in evaluating the clinical severity of COVID-19 pneumonia: identifying critical cases based on CT characteristics
AU  - Lyu, Peijie
AU  - Liu, Xing
AU  - Zhang, Rui
AU  - Shi, Lei
AU  - Gao, Jianbo
PY  - 9000
PD  - 
N2  - Objectives To assess the clinical severity of COVID-19 pneumonia using qualitative and/or quantitative chest CT indicators and identify the CT characteristics of critical cases. Materials and Methods Fifty-one patients with COVID-19 pneumonia including ordinary cases (group A, n=12), severe cases(group B, n=15) and critical cases (group C, n=24) were retrospectively enrolled. The qualitative and quantitative indicators from chest CT were recorded and compared using Fisher's exact test, one-way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis H test and receiver operating characteristic analysis. Results Depending on the severity of the disease, the number of involved lung segments and lobes, the frequencies of consolidation, crazy-paving pattern and air bronchogram increased in more severe cases. Qualitative indicators including total severity score for the whole lung and total score for crazy-paving and consolidation could distinguish groups B and C from A(69% sensitivity, 83% specificity and 73% accuracy) but were similar between group B and group C. Combined qualitative and quantitative indicators could distinguish these three groups with high sensitivity(B+C vs. A, 90%; C vs. B, 92%), specificity(100%, 87%) and accuracy(92%, 90%). Critical cases had higher total severity score(>10) and higher total score for crazy-paving and consolidation(>4) than ordinary cases, and had higher mean lung density(>-779HU) and full width at half maximum(>128HU) but lower relative volume of normal lung density(≦50%) than ordinary/severe cases. In our critical cases, eight patients with relative volume of normal lung density smaller than 40% received mechanical ventilation for supportive treatment, and two of them had died. Conclusion A rapid, accurate severity assessment of COVID-19 pneumonia based on chest CT would be feasible and could provide help for making management decisions, especially for the critical cases. Received for publication March 18, 2020; and accepted for publication, after revision, April 10, 2020. Peijie Lyu and Xing Liu contributed equally to the article. Corresponding author: Jianbo Gao, Department of Radiology; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University; No.1, East Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China. Postal number 450052. Phone number: +86-0371-66913114-6809, Fax number: +86-0371-66970906, E-mail address: gjbfsk@126.com This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the COVID-19 pandemic or until permissions are revoked in writing. Upon expiration of these permissions, PMC is granted a perpetual license to make this article available via PMC and Europe PMC, consistent with existing copyright protections. Copyright © 2020 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
JO  - Investigative Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Publish Ahead of Print
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00004424-900000000-98816
DO  - 10.1097/rli.0000000000000689
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/investigativeradiology/Fulltext/9000/The_performance_of_chest_CT_in_evaluating_the.98816.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - miRNA repertoire and host immune factor regulation upon avian coronavirus infection in eggs
AU  - Kemp, V.
AU  - Laconi, A.
AU  - Cocciolo, G.
AU  - Berends, A. J.
AU  - Breit, T. M.
AU  - Verheije, M. H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is a coronavirus with great economic impact on the poultry industry, causing an acute and highly contagious disease in chickens that primarily affects the respiratory and reproductive systems. The cellular regulation of IBV pathogenesis and the host immune responses involved remain to be fully elucidated. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as a class of crucial regulators of numerous cellular processes, including responses to viral infections. Here, we employed a high-throughput sequencing approach to analyze the miRNA composition of the spleen and the lungs of chicken embryos upon IBV infection. Compared to healthy chicken embryos, 13 and six miRNAs were upregulated in the spleen and the lungs, respectively, all predicted to influence viral transcription, cytokine production, and lymphocyte functioning. Subsequent downregulation of NFATC3, NFAT5, SPPL3, and TGFB2 genes in particular was observed only in the spleen, demonstrating the biological functionality of the miRNAs in this lymphoid organ. This is the first study that describes the modulation of miRNAs and the related host immune factors by IBV in chicken embryos. Our data provide novel insight into complex virus-host interactions and specifically highlight components that could affect the host's immune response to IBV infection.
JO  - Archives of virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 165
IS  - 4
PG  - 835-843
SP  - 835
EP  - 843
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00705-020-04527-4
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L630847424 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00705-020-04527-4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Obstetric and perinatal care units functioning during the COVID-19 pandemic ; О принципах работы перинатального стационара в условиях пандемии коронавируса
AU  - G., Di Renzo
AU  - A.D., Makatsariya
AU  - V.I., Tsibizova
AU  - F., Capanna
AU  - B., Rasero
AU  - E.V., Komlichenko
AU  - T.M., Pervunina
AU  - J.K., Khizroeva
AU  - V.O., Bitsadze
AU  - A.S., Shkoda
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The rapid spread of COVID-19 and the large number of cases put a significant burden on the health systems of any developed country. Specialists in natural disasters and military medicine should be involved in the provision of medical care and observance of anti-epidemic measures. In some countries, including Italy, they were involved only after the situation was dramatically worsening with many clinical units and hospitals overloaded by infected patients. To curb the spread of COVID-19, most countries declared a state of emergency, and unprecedented measures have been taken to strengthen quarantine in suspected or positive symptomatic subjects. Nevertheless, the crisis associated with the unexpectedly global scale and tragedy of the pandemic and the inconsistency of actions of both society and individuals and specialized medical services, lead to insufficient effectiveness of the measures taken in a number of regions. In the present day, it is vital for every person to change its mindset â€• relying on personal responsibility to comply with all recommendations of quarantine and anti-epidemic measures, and to reorganize departments and resources of medical institutions at all levels in order to withstand the spread of infection and at the same time provide all those in need with the necessary and appropriate medical care. Particular attention should be paid to the obstetric care service, given that even in normal times, the obstetric hospital is an area of increased responsibility for the life and health of mother and child and future mankind. Fulfillment of existing orders, instructions of national and regional committees, international and national protocols and clinical protocols should undoubtedly lead to a positive result, but this requires additional training of medical personnel at all levels. The purpose of this review is to propose quick key strategies for reassessing the maternity and neonatal wards/ hospitals based on the experience of health systems and organizations which faced the spread of this new coronavirus; this advice may be applied along with binding tight instructions in obstetric hospitals in order to proactively respond to a likely wave of growth in COVID-19. ; ÐÐºÑ‚ÑƒÐ°Ð»ÑŒÐ½Ð¾ÑÑ‚ÑŒ. Ð‘Ñ‹ÑÑ‚Ñ€Ð¾Ðµ Ñ€Ð°ÑÐ¿Ñ€Ð¾ÑÑ‚Ñ€Ð°Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ COVID-19 Ð¸ Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÑŒÑˆÐ¾Ðµ ÐºÐ¾Ð»Ð¸Ñ‡ÐµÑÑ‚Ð²Ð¾ Ð·Ð°Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐ²ÑˆÐ¸Ñ… Ð½Ð°ÐºÐ»Ð°Ð´Ñ‹Ð²Ð°ÐµÑ‚ Ð·Ð½Ð°Ñ‡Ð¸Ñ‚ÐµÐ»ÑŒÐ½ÑƒÑŽ Ð½Ð°Ð³Ñ€ÑƒÐ·ÐºÑƒ Ð½Ð° ÑÐ¸ÑÑ‚ÐµÐ¼Ñ‹ Ð·Ð´Ñ€Ð°Ð²Ð¾Ð¾Ñ…Ñ€Ð°Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ñ€Ð°Ð·Ð²Ð¸Ñ‚Ñ‹Ñ… Ð³Ð¾ÑÑƒÐ´Ð°Ñ€ÑÑ‚Ð². Ð’ Ñ€ÑÐ´Ðµ ÑÑ‚Ñ€Ð°Ð½ Ðº Ð¾ÐºÐ°Ð·Ð°Ð½Ð¸ÑŽ Ð¼ÐµÐ´Ð¸Ñ†Ð¸Ð½ÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð¾Ñ‰Ð¸ Ð¸ ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð»ÑŽÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð¸ÑŽ Ð¿Ñ€Ð¾Ñ‚Ð¸Ð²Ð¾ÑÐ¿Ð¸Ð´ÐµÐ¼Ð¸Ñ‡ÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ… Ð¼ÐµÑ€Ð¾Ð¿Ñ€Ð¸ÑÑ‚Ð¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ñ€Ð¸Ð²Ð»ÐµÐºÐ°ÑŽÑ‚ÑÑ ÑÐ¿ÐµÑ†Ð¸Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÑ‚Ñ‹ Ð¿Ð¾ ÑÑ‚Ð¸Ñ…Ð¸Ð¹Ð½Ñ‹Ð¼ Ð±ÐµÐ´ÑÑ‚Ð²Ð¸ÑÐ¼ Ð¸ Ð²Ð¾ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¼ÐµÐ´Ð¸Ñ†Ð¸Ð½Ðµ, Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð°ÐºÐ¾ Ð² Ð½ÐµÐºÐ¾Ñ‚Ð¾Ñ€Ñ‹Ñ… ÑÑ‚Ñ€Ð°Ð½Ð°Ñ…, Ð² Ñ‚Ð¾Ð¼ Ñ‡Ð¸ÑÐ»Ðµ Ð² Ð˜Ñ‚Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð¸, Ð¾Ð½Ð¸ Ð±Ñ‹Ð»Ð¸ Ð·Ð°Ð´ÐµÐ¹ÑÑ‚Ð²Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ñ‹ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ»Ðµ Ñ‚Ð¾Ð³Ð¾, ÐºÐ°Ðº Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ðµ ÐºÐ»Ð¸Ð½Ð¸Ñ‡ÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ñ€Ð°Ð·Ð´ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ ÑÑ‚Ð°Ñ†Ð¸Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ñ€Ñ‹ Ð±Ñ‹Ð»Ð¸ Ð¿ÐµÑ€ÐµÐ³Ñ€ÑƒÐ¶ÐµÐ½Ñ‹. Ð”Ð»Ñ ÑÐ´ÐµÑ€Ð¶Ð¸Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ñ€Ð°ÑÐ¿Ñ€Ð¾ÑÑ‚Ñ€Ð°Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ COVID-19 Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÑŒÑˆÐ¸Ð½ÑÑ‚Ð²Ð¾ ÑÑ‚Ñ€Ð°Ð½ Ð¾Ð±ÑŠÑÐ²Ð¸Ð»Ð¸ Ñ‡Ñ€ÐµÐ·Ð²Ñ‹Ñ‡Ð°Ð¹Ð½Ð¾Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ, Ð±Ñ‹Ð»Ð¸ Ð¿Ñ€Ð¸Ð½ÑÑ‚Ñ‹ Ð±ÐµÑÐ¿Ñ€ÐµÑ†ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ñ‚Ð½Ñ‹Ðµ Ð¼ÐµÑ€Ñ‹ Ð¿Ð¾ ÑƒÑÐ¸Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸ÑŽ ÐºÐ°Ñ€Ð°Ð½Ñ‚Ð¸Ð½Ð½Ñ‹Ñ… Ð¼ÐµÑ€Ð¾Ð¿Ñ€Ð¸ÑÑ‚Ð¸Ð¹. Ð¢ÐµÐ¼ Ð½Ðµ Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÐµÐµ ÐºÑ€Ð¸Ð·Ð¸Ñ, ÑÐ²ÑÐ·Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ‹Ð¹ Ñ Ð½ÐµÐ¾Ð¶Ð¸Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð¾ Ð³Ð»Ð¾Ð±Ð°Ð»ÑŒÐ½Ñ‹Ð¼ Ð¼Ð°ÑÑˆÑ‚Ð°Ð±Ð¾Ð¼ Ð¸ Ñ‚Ñ€Ð°Ð³Ð¸Ñ‡Ð½Ð¾ÑÑ‚ÑŒÑŽ Ð¿Ð°Ð½Ð´ÐµÐ¼Ð¸Ð¸, Ð¸ Ð½ÐµÑÐ¾Ð³Ð»Ð°ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð¾ÑÑ‚ÑŒ Ð´ÐµÐ¹ÑÑ‚Ð²Ð¸Ð¹ ÐºÐ°Ðº Ð¾Ð±Ñ‰ÐµÑÑ‚Ð²Ð° Ð¸ Ð¾Ñ‚Ð´ÐµÐ»ÑŒÐ½Ñ‹Ñ… Ð³Ñ€Ð°Ð¶Ð´Ð°Ð½, Ñ‚Ð°Ðº Ð¸ ÑÐ¿ÐµÑ†Ð¸Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð¸Ñ€Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ‹Ñ… Ð¼ÐµÐ´Ð¸Ñ†Ð¸Ð½ÑÐºÐ¸Ñ… ÑÐ»ÑƒÐ¶Ð± Ð¿Ñ€Ð¸Ð²Ð¾Ð´ÑÑ‚ Ðº Ð½ÐµÐ´Ð¾ÑÑ‚Ð°Ñ‚Ð¾Ñ‡Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÑ„Ñ„ÐµÐºÑ‚Ð¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾ÑÑ‚Ð¸ Ð¿Ñ€Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ð´Ð¸Ð¼Ñ‹Ñ… Ð¼ÐµÑ€Ð¾Ð¿Ñ€Ð¸ÑÑ‚Ð¸Ð¹ Ð² Ñ€ÑÐ´Ðµ Ñ€ÐµÐ³Ð¸Ð¾Ð½Ð¾Ð². ÐžÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¾Ðµ Ð²Ð½Ð¸Ð¼Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ ÑÐ»ÐµÐ´ÑƒÐµÑ‚ ÑƒÐ´ÐµÐ»Ð¸Ñ‚ÑŒ ÑÐ»ÑƒÐ¶Ð±Ðµ Ñ€Ð¾Ð´Ð¾Ð²ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ, ÑƒÑ‡Ð¸Ñ‚Ñ‹Ð²Ð°Ñ, Ñ‡Ñ‚Ð¾ Ð¸ Ð² ÑÐ¿Ð¾ÐºÐ¾Ð¹Ð½Ð¾Ðµ Ð²Ñ€ÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð°ÐºÑƒÑˆÐµÑ€ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ñ ‚Ð°Ñ†Ð¸Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ñ€ ÑÐ²Ð»ÑÐµÑ‚ÑÑ Ð·Ð¾Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð²Ñ‹ÑˆÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¾Ñ‚Ð²ÐµÑ‚ÑÑ‚Ð²ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾ÑÑ‚Ð¸ Ð·Ð° Ð¶Ð¸Ð·Ð½ÑŒ Ð¸ Ð·Ð´Ð¾Ñ€Ð¾Ð²ÑŒÐµ Ð¼Ð°Ñ‚ÐµÑ€Ð¸ Ð¸ Ñ€ÐµÐ±ÐµÐ½ÐºÐ°. Ð˜ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð´ÐµÐ¹ÑÑ‚Ð²ÑƒÑŽÑ‰Ð¸Ñ… Ð¿Ñ€Ð¸ÐºÐ°Ð·Ð¾Ð², ÑƒÐºÐ°Ð·Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð¹ Ð½Ð°Ñ†Ð¸Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð»ÑŒÐ½Ñ‹Ñ… Ð¸ Ñ€ÐµÐ³Ð¸Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð»ÑŒÐ½Ñ‹Ñ… ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¸Ñ‚ÐµÑ‚Ð¾Ð², Ð¼ÐµÐ¶Ð´ÑƒÐ½Ð°Ñ€Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ñ‹Ñ…/Ð½Ð°Ñ†Ð¸Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð»ÑŒÐ½Ñ‹Ñ… Ð¸ ÐºÐ»Ð¸Ð½Ð¸Ñ‡ÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ… Ð¿Ñ€Ð¾Ñ‚Ð¾ÐºÐ¾Ð»Ð¾Ð², Ð½ÐµÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾, Ð¿Ñ€Ð¸Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÑ‚ Ðº Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð¶Ð¸Ñ‚ÐµÐ»ÑŒÐ½Ð¾Ð¼Ñƒ Ñ€ÐµÐ·ÑƒÐ»ÑŒÑ‚Ð°Ñ‚Ñƒ, Ð½Ð¾ Ñ‚Ñ€ÐµÐ±ÑƒÐµÑ‚ Ð´Ð¾Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½Ð¸Ñ‚ÐµÐ»ÑŒÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¾Ð±ÑƒÑ‡ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ Ñ‚Ñ€ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ€Ð¾Ð²ÐºÐ¸ Ð¼ÐµÐ´Ð¸Ñ†Ð¸Ð½ÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¿ÐµÑ€ÑÐ¾Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð° Ð²ÑÐµÑ… ÑƒÑ€Ð¾Ð²Ð½ÐµÐ¹. Ð¦ÐµÐ»ÑŒ Ð¾Ð±Ð·Ð¾Ñ€Ð° â€• Ð¿Ñ€ÐµÐ´Ð»Ð¾Ð¶Ð¸Ñ‚ÑŒ ÐºÐ»ÑŽÑ‡ÐµÐ²Ñ‹Ðµ ÑÑ‚Ñ€Ð°Ñ‚ÐµÐ³Ð¸Ð¸, Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ñ‹Ð²Ð°ÑÑÑŒ Ð½Ð° Ð¾Ð¿Ñ‹Ñ‚Ðµ Ñ€ÐµÐ³Ð¸Ð¾Ð½Ð¾Ð², Ñ€Ð°Ð½ÐµÐµ ÑÑ‚Ð¾Ð»ÐºÐ½ÑƒÐ²ÑˆÐ¸Ñ…ÑÑ Ñ Ñ€Ð°ÑÐ¿Ñ€Ð¾ÑÑ‚Ñ€Ð°Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸ÐµÐ¼ Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÐºÐ¾Ñ€Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð²Ð¸Ñ€ÑƒÑÐ°, ÐºÐ¾Ñ‚Ð¾Ñ€Ñ‹Ðµ Ð¼Ð¾Ð³ÑƒÑ‚ Ð±Ñ‹Ñ‚ÑŒ Ð±Ñ‹ÑÑ‚Ñ€Ð¾ Ð¿Ñ€Ð¸Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÐµÐ½Ñ‹ Ð½Ð°Ñ€ÑÐ´Ñƒ Ñ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ·Ð°Ñ‚ÐµÐ»ÑŒÐ½Ñ‹Ð¼Ð¸ Ðº Ð¸ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸ÑŽ Ð´ÐµÐ¹ÑÑ‚Ð²ÑƒÑŽÑ‰Ð¸Ð¼Ð¸ Ð¿Ñ€Ð¸ÐºÐ°Ð·Ð°Ð¼Ð¸ Ð¸ Ñ€Ð°ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ñ€ÑÐ¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸ÑÐ¼Ð¸ Ð² Ð°ÐºÑƒÑˆÐµÑ€ÑÐºÐ¸Ñ… ÑÑ‚Ð°Ñ†Ð¸Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ñ€Ð°Ñ…, Ñ‡Ñ‚Ð¾Ð±Ñ‹ Ð¿Ñ€ÐµÐ²ÐµÐ½Ñ‚Ð¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾ Ð¾Ñ‚Ñ€ÐµÐ°Ð³Ð¸Ñ€Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ñ‚ÑŒ Ð½Ð° Ð²ÐµÑ€Ð¾ÑÑ‚Ð½ÑƒÑŽ Ð²Ð¾Ð»Ð½Ñƒ Ñ€Ð¾ÑÑ‚Ð° Ð·Ð°Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐ²Ð°ÐµÐ¼Ð¾ÑÑ‚Ð¸ Ð¸ Ð½Ð¾ÑÐ¸Ñ‚ÐµÐ»ÑŒÑÑ‚Ð²Ð° COVID-19.
JO  - Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences / Вестник Российской академии медицинских наук
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 75
IS  - 1
PG  - 83-92
SP  - 83
EP  - 92
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://vestnikramn.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1324
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus and COVID-19: Are allergy sufferers at risk?
AU  - Worm
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Allergologie
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 4
PG  - 164
SP  - 164
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005483631
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Statements about COVID-19
AU  - Pfaar, O.
AU  - der Dgaki, V.
AU  - Worm, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Allergologie
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 43
IS  - 4
PG  - 129-134
SP  - 129
EP  - 134
AN  - 
DO  - 10.5414/ALX02143
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005483627 http://dx.doi.org/10.5414/ALX02143
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Particle Removal Characteristics of a High-velocity Electrostatic Mist Eliminator
AU  - Kim, Jin-Seon
AU  - Kim, Hak-Joon
AU  - Han, Bangwoo
AU  - Lee, Sangrin
AU  - Lee, Jinwoon
AU  - Moon, Sangchul
AU  - Kim, Yong-Jin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In this study, we developed a flat plate-type wet electrostatic precipitator that generates stable corona discharge compared to wire-type discharge electrodes. Particle removal efficiencies were compared among differing shapes of the discharge electrode, including varying horizontal and vertical distances between spiked edges, and varying the height of the discharge pin support. When the horizontal distance between spiked edges was increased to 36 mm, the vertical distance between spiked edges increased to 54 mm, and when the height of the discharge pin support was increased to 76 mm, the removal efficiency of PM_(10) was maintained at approximately 60.0%. Furthermore, the removal efficiency of particles over 5 μm was about 80% or greater. When the flow rate was 4 m s^(-1), the gap between collection plates was 60 mm, and -14 kV was applied to the discharge electrode. The particle removal efficiency of the flat plate-type electrostatic precipitator was maintained when the horizontal and vertical distances between spiked edges and the height of the discharge pin support were below threshold levels. Those variables may be important factors for designing the shape of the discharge electrode. Therefore, when designing electrostatic precipitators with multiple channels, the discharge electrode weight and processing costs must be considered when determining the optimal horizontal and vertical distances between spiked edges and the height of discharge pin support.
JO  - Aerosol and Air Quality Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 20
IS  - 4
PG  - 852-861
SP  - 852
EP  - 861
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4209/aaqr.2019.12.0648
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recommendations of the Spanish Society of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery for performing tracheotomies in patients infected by the coronavirus, Covid-19
AU  - Díaz de Cerio Canduela, P.
AU  - Ferrandis Perepérez, E.
AU  - Parente Arias, P.
AU  - López Álvarez, F.
AU  - Sistiaga Suarez, J. A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The recent COVID-19 (coronavirus) pandemic is causing an increase in the number of patients who, due to their pulmonary ventilatory status, may require orotracheal intubation. COVID-19 infection has demonstrated a high rate of transmissibility, especially via the respiratory tract and by droplet spread. The Spanish Society of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, based on the article by Wei et al. of 2003 regarding tracheotomies performed due to severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), has made a series of recommendations for the safe performance of tracheotomies.
JO  - Acta Otorrinolaringologica Espanola
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.otorri.2020.03.001
UR  - http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L2005576182 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.otorri.2020.03.001
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pandemics and Their Impact on Medical Training: Lessons From Singapore
AU  - Liang, Zhen Chang
AU  - Ooi, Shirley Beng Suat
AU  - Wang, Wilson
PY  - 9000
PD  - 
N2  - The ongoing COVID-19 crisis has hit Singapore hard. As of February 25, 2020, Singapore had the 4th highest number of confirmed COVID-19 infections outside of China, only trailing behind South Korea, Italy, and Japan. This has had reverberating effects on Singapore’s health care system, and has, consequently, also affected medical education all the way from the undergraduate to the postgraduate level. While efforts are underway to contain disease spread and transmission, the authors believe that this is an opportune time to examine and reflect on the impact that medical crises like COVID-19 can have on medical training and education and to evaluate “business continuity plans” to ensure quality medical education even in the face of constant disruptions from pandemic outbreaks. Medical training is as important a mandate as patient care and service. The authors believe that even in trying times like this, rich and precious lessons can be sought and taught, which will immensely benefit medical students and residents—the health care leaders of tomorrow. In this Perspective, the authors discuss the various ways in which the COVID-19 crisis has affected medical instruction in Singapore and explore pertinent practical and creative solutions for the continuity of medical training in these trying times, drawing on their previous experience with the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) outbreak in 2003 as well as the current ongoing COVID-19 crisis. The authors have informed the journal that they agree that both Shirley Beng Suat Ooi and Wilson Wang completed the intellectual and other work typical of the senior author. Funding/Support: None reported. Other disclosures: None reported. Ethical approval: Reported as not applicable. Correspondence should be addressed to Zhen Chang Liang, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, NUHS Tower Block, Level 11, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119228; email: zhen_chang_liang@nuhs.edu.sg. © 2020 by the Association of American Medical Colleges
JO  - Academic Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Publish Ahead of Print
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00001888-900000000-97208
DO  - 10.1097/acm.0000000000003441
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/academicmedicine/Fulltext/9000/Pandemics_and_Their_Impact_on_Medical_Training_.97208.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Managing a Specialty Service During the COVID-19 Crisis: Lessons From a New York City Health System
AU  - Ammar, Adam
AU  - Stock, Ariel D.
AU  - Holland, Ryan
AU  - Gelfand, Yaroslav
AU  - Altschul, David
PY  - 9000
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 pandemic has stretched health care resources to a point of crisis throughout the world. To answer the call for care, health care workers in a diverse range of specialties are being retasked to care for patients with COVID-19. Consequently, specialty services have had to adapt to decreased staff available for coverage coupled with a need to remain available for specialty-specific emergencies, which now require a dynamic definition. In this Invited Commentary, the authors describe their experiences and share lessons learned regarding triage of patients, staff safety, workforce management, and the psychological impact as they have adapted to a new reality in the Department of Neurosurgery at Montefiore Medical Center, a COVID-19 hotspot in New York City. The authors have informed the journal that they agree that both Adam Ammar and Ariel D. Stock completed the intellectual and other work typical of the first author. Dedication: The authors dedicate this paper to the memory of James T. Goodrich MD, PhD, who succumbed to COVID-19 on March 30, 2020. He was a master surgeon, compassionate caregiver, dedicated mentor and consummate gentleman. He was a beacon of the profession and will be sorely missed. Funding/Support: None reported. Other disclosures: None reported. Ethical approval: Reported as not applicable. Correspondence should be addressed to Adam Ammar, Montefiore Medical Center, 3316 Rochambeau Ave., Bronx, NY 10467; telephone: 718-920-7400; email: AAmmar@montefiore.org. © 2020 by the Association of American Medical Colleges
JO  - Academic Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - Publish Ahead of Print
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 00001888-900000000-97207
DO  - 10.1097/acm.0000000000003440
UR  - https://journals.lww.com/academicmedicine/Fulltext/9000/Managing_a_Specialty_Service_During_the_COVID_19.97207.aspx
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Lineamientos técnicos para el manejo de pacientes con enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles y personas adultas mayores durante estado de emergencia por enfermedad COVID-19 en la red de hospitales
AU  - Ministerio de, salud
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Establecer las actividades a realizar por el personal de salud para la atención de personas con enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles y personas adultas mayores en la red de hospitales en el marco de la emergencia nacional por enfermedad COVID-19. Específicos: 1. Definir la ruta de atención de la atención de personas con enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles y personas adultas mayores en los hospitales. 2. Identificar oportunamente las alteraciones hemodinámicas, cardio- metabólicas y otras de riesgo de las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles de base, para prevenir o tratar las complicaciones de las mismas, en el contexto de la respuesta nacional ante la pandemia por la enfermedad COVID-19. 3. Garantizar la atención de personas con cáncer en la consulta externa oncológica y Centro Nacional de Radioterapia, para prevenir recaídas y complicaciones, en el contexto de la respuesta nacional ante la pandemia por la enfermedad COVID-19. 4. Garantizar la atención de personas con enfermedad renal crónica en los centros de terapia dialítica, para prevenir complicaciones en el contexto de la respuesta nacional ante la pandemia por la enfermedad COVID-19. III. Ámbito de aplicación Quedan sujetos al cumplimiento de los presente lineamientos técnicos, todo el personal de los hospitales del Sistema Nacional Integrado de Salud, en adelante SNIS, encargados de la atención directa a personas con enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles y personas adultas mayores.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 1
IS  - 
PG  - 19-19
SP  - 19
EP  - 19
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/v68sc
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Lineamientos técnicos para el abordaje y seguimiento de casos de tuberculosis, ante la emergencia nacional por COVID-19
AU  - Ministerio de, salud
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - En El Salvador, la tuberculosis (TB) continúa siendo un problema de salud pública, cada año son diagnosticados entre 3,000 a 3,500 personas de las cuales, mas del 40% están al interior del sistema penitenciario y el 16% (500 casos) en el Instituto Salvadoreño del Seguro Social y el 39% en la red de establecimientos del MINSAL. Del total de los casos del 2020 el 56% se diagnosticó a través de pruebas moleculares (gene Xpert), el 46% con baciloscopias y menos del 2% por cultivo. A través de la red de laboratorio a nivel nacional, existen 215 laboratorios que realizan baciloscopías, 24 que realizan cultivo BAAR y 11 que realizan pruebas moleculares. Desde el año 1997 El Salvador implementó la estrategia de Tratamiento Acortado Estrictamente Supervisado (TAES), la cual es aplicada en toda la red de los servicios de salud: Seguridad Social, Centros Penales, Bienestar Magisterial, Hospitales Privados; ser costo efectivo puesto que evita la hospitalización, llegando a alcanzar tasas de éxito en el tratamiento arriba de 93%, superando la meta mundial del 90% recomendada por la OMS. A partir del 12 de marzo del 2020, El Salvador declaró emergencia nacional para hacerle frente a la pandemia del COVID-19, siendo una enfermedad respiratoria al igual que la tuberculosis, las intervenciones realizadas en el control de infecciones y medidas de aislamiento contribuyen al control de ambas enfermedades. El Programa Nacional de Tuberculosis (PNTYER) ha realizado durante el mes de marzo 2,876 pruebas a través del método del Gene Xpert MTB/Rif para detectar M. tuberculosis, de las cuales han resultado 151 personas positivas a la enfermedad, de las cuales 89 (59%) corresponde a personas privadas de libertad. De las 151 personas detectadas con tuberculosis, 96 corresponden al periodo del 12 al 31 de marzo, durante el periodo de cuarentena actual. Hasta el momento no hay evidencia referente a la coexistencia del binomio TB y COVID-19. Debido a la expansión del COVID-19 en la Región, El Salvador implementó los centros de contención de personas con sospecha de COVID 19, para evitar su propagación. Durante este período de emergencia se debe garantizar el acceso a una atención integral centrada en el paciente con signos y síntomas respiratorios, sin olvidar una de las principales actividades del Programa, la detección precoz y tratamiento oportuno de la TB, con medidas y enfoque pluripatológico (un Sintomático Respiratorio podría tener TB, COVID-19, otra coinfección u otra comorbilidad) para lo cual los servicios de salud deben dar respuesta inmediata tanto con el abordaje diagnostico (con realización de baciloscopias, cultivos, Gene Xpert) como el control de infecciones, manejo y referencia del paciente, haciendo hincapié en la bioseguridad del personal en la toma, manejo y envío de muestras.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 1
IS  - 
PG  - 14-14
SP  - 14
EP  - 14
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/2sav6
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Lineamientos técnicos para la atención clínica de personas con enfermedad covid-19, segunda edición
AU  - Ministerio de, Salud
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - El 31 de diciembre de 2019 la OMS notificó un brote de casos de neumonía de etiología desconocida en Wuhan, provincia de Hubei, China. El agente causal se identificó como un nuevo coronavirus, que está infectando a miles de personas al rededor del mundo. Ante esta situación, el gobierno de El Salvador, considerando el alto riesgo para la población, decretó el 23 de enero de 2020, Emergencia Sanitaria por la probable llegada de casos sospechosos de 2019-nCoV, mediante el Acuerdo Ministerial 301 de esa fecha, publicado en el Diario Oficial n° 15, tomo 426, el cual es aplicable a nivel nacional. Entre las estrategias implementadas por la emergencia sanitaria, el país ha intensificado la vigilancia epidemiológica que se realiza en las 10 Oficinas Sanitarias Internacionales (OSI), en puntos autorizados de entrada aérea, terrestre y marítima, para la detección de probables casos sospechosos que puedan ingresar por estas vías. Además la vigilancia epidemiológica se ha intensificado en todos los establecimientos del SNIS. Además se ha capacitado al personal de salud a nivel nacional en procesos de detección, diagnóstico, tratamiento y seguimiento oportuno, para los casos sospechosos, así como en los aislamientos y cuarentenas para sus casos y contactos, además otras medidas de prevención y control para disminuir la morbi mortalidad en la población salvadoreña. El presente documento se constituye en la segunda edición de los Lineamientos técnicos para la atención clínica de personas con enfermedad COVID-19, los cuales incluyen antecedentes, epidemiología, definiciones de casos, diagnóstico y manejo clínico, así como medidas de bioseguiridad tanto para paciente, familia y personal de salud durante su atención. Este documento se actualizará constantemente según la información que la OMS/OPS y la evidencia científica, genere durante la pandemia. On December 31, 2019, the WHO reported an outbreak of pneumonia cases of unknown etiology in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. The causative agent was identified as a new coronavirus, which is infecting thousands of people around the world. Given this situation, the government of El Salvador, considering the high risk for the population, decreed on January 23, 2020, a Health Emergency for the probable arrival of suspected cases of 2019-nCoV, through Ministerial Agreement 301 of that date, published in Official Gazette No. 15, volume 426, which is applicable nationwide. Among the strategies implemented by the sanitary emergency, the country has intensified the epidemiological surveillance that is carried out in the 10 International Sanitary Offices (OSI), at authorized air, land and maritime entry points, for the detection of probable suspicious cases that may enter through these channels. Furthermore, epidemiological surveillance has been intensified in all SNIS facilities. In addition, national health personnel have been trained in processes of detection, diagnosis, treatment and timely follow-up, for suspected cases, as well as isolates and quarantines for their cases and contacts, as well as other prevention and control measures to reduce morbidity and mortality in the Salvadoran population. This document constitutes the second edition of the Technical Guidelines for the clinical care of people with COVID-19 disease, which include antecedents, epidemiology, case definitions, diagnosis and clinical management, as well as biosecurity measures for both patients, family and health personnel during your care. This document will be constantly updated according to the information that WHO / PAHO and the scientific evidence generated during the pandemic.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 2
IS  - 
PG  - 78-78
SP  - 78
EP  - 78
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/mj3af
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Lineamientos técnicos para el manejo y disposición final de cadáveres de casos covid-19 SE
AU  - Ministerio de, Salud
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Las directrices para el manejo y disposición final de cadáveres por COVID­2019, requieren de medidas de bioseguridad y precaución estándar encaminadas para este fin y lograr la prevención de esta infección en el personal responsable del manejo y disposición final de cadáveres. Los presentes lineamientos técnicos contienen las actividades que el personal de salud debe cumplir para el manejo y disposición final de cadáveres en los diferentes escenarios, domiciliar, hospitalario y durante el traslado en busca de atención. Asimismo se establecen las indicaciones para la inhumación ante el fallecimiento por caso confirmado o sospecho de COVID-19. Todo lo anterior con el objetivo de proteger la salud de la población en general fortaleciendo la prevención y evitando la transmisibilidad. The guidelines for the management and final disposal of corpses by COVID-2019, require biosecurity measures and standard precaution aimed at this purpose and to achieve the prevention of this infection in the personnel responsible for the management and final disposal of corpses. These technical guidelines contain the activities that health personnel must comply with for the handling and final disposal of corpses in the different scenarios, domiciliary, hospital and during the transfer in search of care. Likewise, the indications for burial upon death are established due to a confirmed or suspected case of COVID-19. All of the above with the aim of protecting the health of the general population by strengthening prevention and avoiding transmissibility.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 1
IS  - 
PG  - 16-16
SP  - 16
EP  - 16
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/md58w
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Lineamientos técnicos para el manejo de personas en cuarentena en centros de contención, segunda edición
AU  - Ministerio de, Salud
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Ante la Emergencia por el COVID-19, en el país se establece desde el 15 de marzo del corriente año y con el objeto de prevenir la diseminación de dicha enfermedad, la estrategia de &quot;Cuarentena preventiva por 30 días&quot; a todos los viajeros que ingresen al país, procedentes de países que ya tienen casos y por ende circulación del virus SARS CoV2, por lo que se hace necesario establecer las directrices a seguir en los centros de contención y en los hospitales que atiendan a personas con sospecha o confirmados con COVID-19, que se convierten en los lugares donde se atenderá a la población antes mencionada. In the face of the Emergency due to COVID-19, the country has established, since March 15 of this year, and in order to prevent the spread of said disease, the strategy of &quot;Preventive Quarantine for 30 days&quot; to all travelers entering to the country, from countries that already have cases and therefore circulation of the SARS CoV2 virus, so it is necessary to establish the guidelines to be followed in the containment centers and in the hospitals that care for people with suspicion or confirmed with COVID- 19, which become the places where the aforementioned population will be served.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 2
IS  - 
PG  - 22-22
SP  - 22
EP  - 22
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/yn97t
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - GEN
TI  - Lineamientos técnicos para la farmacovigilancia de los medicamentos de uso off-label utilizados en pacientes ingresados por covid-19
AU  - Ministerio de, Salud
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - El Sistema Nacional de Farmacovigilancia está conformado por todas las instituciones del Sistema Nacional Integrado de Salud (SNIS), así como también por los profesionales de salud y las personas naturales o jurídicas responsables del registro sanitario, fabricación, importación, distribución y comercialización de medicamentos; quienes son los responsables de detectar y notificarlos los eventos al CNFV, a través del Sistema de Notificación en línea de Farmacovigilancia (SIFAVES). El 31 de diciembre del 2019, la OMS notifica un brote de casos de neumonías, de etiología desconocida, en Wuhan, provincia de Hubel, China; ante tal situación el Gobierno de El Salvador, el 23 de enero de 2020, decreto Emergencia Sanitaria por la probable llegada de casos sospechosos de 2019-nCoV y se inicia con los preparativos para la atención de casos sospechosos y confirmados, de lo que posteriormente se denominó como agente causal el COVID-19. Al momento no existe en el mundo ningún tratamiento eficaz y seguro para curar la enfermedad COVID-19, ni existe ninguna vacuna para prevenirla. Ante la necesidad apremiante de brindar una alternativa terapéutica esperanzadora para los pacientes infectados y evitar la mortalidad por dicha enfermedad, en el mes de marzo del 2020, el Ministerio de Salud dicta los &quot;Lineamientos técnicos para la atención clínica de personas con enfermedad COVID-19&quot; segunda edición, con la participación de profesionales expertos, interdisciplinarios e interinstitucionales; en la cual evaluaron y establecieron el uso off-label de &quot;medicamentos para limitar la progresión clínica de la enfermedad y disminuir la carga viral&quot; de las personas con enfermedad COVID-19, considerando los resultados prometedores de estudios existentes y las experiencias en el manejo clínico de pacientes en otros países que actualmente atraviesan una crisis, en la atención de pacientes, por la pandemia de COVID-19. Este hecho marca la necesidad consecuente, de diseñar una farmacovigilancia intrahospitalaria especial, para ser implementada en todos los hospitales que utilicen el esquema de medicamentos off-label, establecido en los &quot;Lineamientos técnicos para la atención clínica de personas con enfermedad COVID-19&quot;. El presente documento describe los aspectos técnicos y logísticos necesarios a tener en cuenta para implementar la farmacovigilancia especial intrahospitalaria, sobre el uso de medicamentos off-label autorizados, según el &quot;plan de acciones reguladoras para la implementación de opciones 8 terapéuticas y diagnósticas en situaciones de riesgo sanitario en El Salvador&quot; para el manejo clínico de pacientes con enfermedad COVID-19; también, es una herramienta de apoyo para los profesionales de la salud que estarán en la primera línea de atención hospitalaria para la detección, identificación o sospecha de posibles reacciones adversas, interacciones medicamentosas u otros riesgos asociados al uso de estos, así mismo para la prevención de errores de medicación en el manejo de los pacientes y la notificación oportuna de dichos eventos. The National Pharmacovigilance System is made up of all the institutions of the National Integrated Health System (SNIS), as well as health professionals and natural or legal persons responsible for sanitary registration, manufacture, import, distribution and marketing of medicines; who are responsible for detecting and reporting events to the CNFV, through the Online Pharmacovigilance Notification System (SIFAVES). On December 31, 2019, the WHO reports an outbreak of pneumonia cases of unknown etiology in Wuhan, Hubel province, China; In such a situation, the Government of El Salvador, on January 23, 2020, issued a Health Emergency decree for the probable arrival of suspected cases of 2019-nCoV and began with preparations for the care of suspected and confirmed cases, which was subsequently denominated as causal agent COVID-19. Currently, there is no effective and safe treatment in the world to cure COVID-19 disease, nor is there a vaccine to prevent it. Given the pressing need to provide a hopeful therapeutic alternative for infected patients and avoid mortality from said disease, in March 2020, the Ministry of Health issued the &quot;Technical Guidelines for the clinical care of people with COVID-19 disease &quot;second edition, with the participation of expert, interdisciplinary and inter-institutional professionals; in which they evaluated and established the off-label use of &quot;medications to limit the clinical progression of the disease and decrease the viral load&quot; of people with COVID-19 disease, considering the promising results of existing studies and experiences in management Clinician of patients in other countries currently experiencing a crisis, in patient care, due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This fact marks the consequent need to design a special in-hospital pharmacovigilance, to be implemented in all hospitals that use the off-label medication scheme, established in the &quot;Technical Guidelines for the clinical care of people with COVID-19 disease&quot;. This document describes the technical and logistical aspects necessary to take into account to implement special in-hospital pharmacovigilance, on the use of authorized off-label drugs, according to the &quot;plan of regulatory actions for the implementation of therapeutic and diagnostic options 8 in situations of health risk in El Salvador &quot;for management clinic of patients with COVID-19 disease; also, it is a support tool for health professionals who will be in the first line of hospital care for the detection, identification or suspicion of possible adverse reactions, drug interactions or other risks associated with their use, as well as for prevention. of medication errors in patient management and timely notification of such events.
JO  - 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 1
IS  - 
PG  - 53-53
SP  - 53
EP  - 53
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://fi-admin.bvsalud.org/document/view/bbd3r
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Editorial
AU  - 員長, 菱木知郎
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - あとがきを執筆している 3 月 29 日，今日も新 型コロナウィルス COVID-19 の感染拡大が報じら れ，都知事の外出自粛要請もあり，雪の舞う都内 では普段人で賑わう繁華街や花見の名所がひっそ りと静まりかえる映像がテレビで流されていま す．欧州では大都市がロックダウンされ，いよい よ世界規模のパンデミックの様相を呈してまいり ました．多くの医療機関では通常の診療を粛々と 継続していますが，それも徐々に困難になりつつ あり，また学術活動・教育も制限せざるを得ない 状況を迎えています．いまは何より爆発的な感染 拡大を阻止しなければなりません．一人ひとりが 感染を広げないために何ができるかを考え，冷静 に行動することが求められています． さて，こうしたさなかでも本誌への論文投稿は 順調に続いております．査読担当の皆様には困難 な状況にも関わらず査読をお引き受けいただき， たいへんありがたく存じます． 最近何名かの査読者から，論文の日本語文法の 誤りや誤字脱字が多く，その修正に多大な労力と 時間を費やしてしまった，というご指摘を何度か いただきました．論文査読は本来論文の内容を審 査するプロセスです．論文投稿の際には，筆頭著 者だけではなく責任著者を含む共著者により丁 寧・入念に校閲していただき，最終稿を投稿いた だきますよう，何卒よろしくお願い申し上げます．
JO  - 日本小児外科学会雑誌
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 56
IS  - 2
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 新型コロナウイルスの流行から逃れて
AU  - 赤坂清和
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 2003 年，重症急性呼吸器症候群（severe acute respiratory syndrome：SARS）が蔓延し，WCPT スペ イン学会への参加を取り止めてから 17 年が経ち，今度も中国から新たな呼吸器系疾患が発生しました。世界 保健機関（WHO）はこの新型コロナウイルスによる呼吸器系疾患を「COVID-19」と名付けています。この COVID-19 に関連して，私が所属する大学の卒業式および謝恩会は中止することが決まり，日本理学療法士協 会は，主催する研修会や会議について当初は 3 月 31 日，そして追加として 4 月末日まで中止することを発表 するなど，身近にも影響を及ぼしています（3 月 10 日現在）。 徒手理学療法第 20 巻第 1 号は，1 本の症例報告と 4 本の海外の理学療法に関連した特集から構成されてい ます。症例研究では，脊椎および両下肢に症状を呈した患者に対する胸椎への介入についてご報告いただい た松本論文，海外の理学療法に関連した特集として，オーストラリアの理学療法と卒後教育について，日本 との比較を含めてご説明いただいた葛山論文，オーストラリアの卒後教育と臨床家キャリアアップについて 英語能力や費用を含めてご説明いただいた長谷川論文，米国におけるダンサーへの理学療法と継続教育につ いてご自身のご経験とご参加されてきた徒手理学療法の研修会などをふまえてご解説いただいた鍋田論文， オランダのサッカー選手に特化した理学療法士を目指し，開業されご活躍されている内容をふまえた中田論 文，の計 5 論文を読むことができます。これらは，徒手理学療法という共通する内容を中心に，臨床と国際 感覚を幅広く学ぶことができる内容となっています。不要不急の外出が抑制されている中で，徒手理学療法 を読むことにより，充実した時間を過ごすことができます。
JO  - 徒 手 理 学 療 法 20（1）：1, 2020
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 20
IS  - 1
PG  - 1-1
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Einstellung von Patienten mit entzündlich-rheumatischen Erkrankungen zur immunsuppressiven Therapie im Rahmen der COVID-19 Pandemie – eine Situationsanalyse
AU  - Schmeiser, T.
AU  - Broll, M.
AU  - Dormann, A.
AU  - Fräbel, C.
AU  - Hermann, W.
AU  - Hudowenz, O.
AU  - Keil, F.
AU  - Müller-Ladner, U.
AU  - Özden, F.
AU  - Pfeiffer, U.
AU  - Saech, J.
AU  - Schwarting, A.
AU  - Stapfer, G.
AU  - Steinchen, N.
AU  - Storck-Müller, K.
AU  - Strunk, J.
AU  - Thiele, A.
AU  - Triantafyllias, K.
AU  - Wassenberg, S.
AU  - Wilden, E.
AU  - Hasseli, R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Die aktuelle Pandemie mit COVID-19 stellt die behandelnden Rheumatologen vor eine bisher nicht dagewesene Herausforderung. Auf der einen Seite können antirheumatische Medikamente das Infektrisiko erhöhen und den Verlauf einer Infektion beeinflussen. Auf der anderen Seite erhöht eine unzureichend kompensierte entzündlich-rheumatische Erkrankung ebenfalls das Infektionsrisiko. Gemäß der Empfehlung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Rheumatologie (www.dgrh.de) empfehlen wir unseren Patienten trotz Pandemie eine Fortführung der antirheumatischen Therapie zum Erhalt der Remission. Im Rahmen dieser Studie wurden Patienten mit einer entzündlich-rheumatischen Erkrankung bezüglich ihrer Meinung zu ihrer immunmodulierenden Therapie unmittelbar nach Beginn der hochaktiven Phase der Pandemie befragt. An der Datenerhebung waren 5 Kliniken und 6 niedergelassene rheumatologische Versorger beteiligt. Hierbei zeigte sich, dass über 90 % der Befragten der ärztlichen Empfehlung zur Fortführung der antirheumatischen Therapie folgten. Lediglich ein geringer Prozentsatz wollte die Therapie eigenmächtig beenden. Diese Einstellung der Patienten war unabhängig von der jeweiligen antirheumatischen Therapie. Dieses Ergebnis ist aus rheumatologischer Sicht erfreulich, spiegelt die vertrauensvolle und kompetente Betreuung der rheumatologischen Patienten wider, und zeigt, dass trotz solcher Herausforderungen unsere Patienten unseren Empfehlungen folgen.
JO  - Zeitschrift für Rheumatologie
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-6
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00393-020-00800-8
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00393-020-00800-8
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [A cross sectional study on patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases in terms of their compliance to their immunsuppressive medication during COVID-19 pandemic]
AU  - Schmeiser, T.
AU  - Broll, M.
AU  - Dormann, A.
AU  - Fräbel, C.
AU  - Hermann, W.
AU  - Hudowenz, O.
AU  - Keil, F.
AU  - Müller-Ladner, U.
AU  - Özden, F.
AU  - Pfeiffer, U.
AU  - Saech, J.
AU  - Schwarting, A.
AU  - Stapfer, G.
AU  - Steinchen, N.
AU  - Storck-Müller, K.
AU  - Strunk, J.
AU  - Thiele, A.
AU  - Triantafyllias, K.
AU  - Wassenberg, S.
AU  - Wilden, E.
AU  - Hasseli, R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The current COVID-19 pandemic inherits an unprecedented challenge for the treating rheumatologists. On the one hand, antirheumatic drugs can increase the risk of infection and potentially deteriorate the course of an infection. On the other hand, an active inflammatory rheumatic disease can also increase the risk for an infection. In the recommendations of the German Society for Rheumatology (www.dgrh.de), it is recommended that our patients continue the antirheumatic therapy to maintain remission or low state of activity despite the pandemic. In this study, patients with inflammatory rheumatic disease were asked in the first weeks of the pandemic on their opinion of their immunomodulating therapy. The result shows that over 90% of the patients followed the recommendation of the rheumatologist to continue the antirheumatic therapy, and only a small percentage of the patients terminated the therapy on their own. This result was independent of the individual anti-rheumatic therapy. Taken together, the results of this study illustrate not only the trustful patient-physician partnership in a threatening situation but also the high impact of state-of-the art recommendations by the respective scientific society.
JO  - Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00393-020-00800-8
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Anosmia, hyposmia, and dysgeusia as indicators for positive SARS-CoV-2 infection
AU  - Lao, Wilson P.
AU  - Imam, Sarah A.
AU  - Nguyen, Shaun A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wjorl.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095881120300330
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19): What You Need to Know
AU  - Carver, Pamela E.
AU  - Phillips, Jennan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Much remains unknown about COVID-19. Occupational health nurses must use reliable sources to control misinformation and prevent widespread panic.
JO  - Workplace health & safety
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 68
IS  - 5
PG  - 250-250
SP  - 250
EP  - 250
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/2165079920914947
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Can the human coronavirus epidemic also spread through solid waste?
AU  - Mol, Marcos Paulo Gomes
AU  - Caldas, Sérgio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Wastes generated in healthcare facilities have been discussed and the World Health Organization has proposed a guideline for controlling the spread of the virus that causes Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, waste management outside the generating facility should be discussed in more detail, taking into account factors such as virus resistance, differences in waste management systems and the climatic conditions in each affected region. Patients infected by human coronavirus being treated at home are generating infected waste possibly discarded as domestic waste, which can pose risks to workers and the environment, depending on the conditions of transport and disposal. In particular, the spread of the coronavirus may be increased by inadequate waste management, highlighting poor handling conditions associated with inappropriate use of personal protective equipment and other unfavourable conditions presented mainly in developing countries.
JO  - Waste management & research : the journal of the International Solid Wastes and Public Cleansing Association, ISWA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 734242X20918312-734242X20918312
SP  - 734242X20918312
EP  - 734242X20918312
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/0734242X20918312
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recent apprise on coronavirus and its terrible insinuations
AU  - Bhattacharya, Sankha
AU  - Sharma, Priyanka
AU  - Mathur, Harshita
AU  - Rasheed, Haamid
AU  - Singh, Saranjit
AU  - Rajput, Geeta
AU  - Agnihotri, Suyash
AU  - Nirmal, Puneet
AU  - Kaur, Sukhbir
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Epidemically increased evidence reveals that the link between the 2019-nCoV and other similar strain of coronaviruses circulating in bats and specifically the Rhinopodous bat sub-species. These sub-species are ample and widely present in Southern China, Middle East Africa and Europe. Recent studies show that more than 500 CoV have been identified in bats in China. The Center for Diseases Control and Prevention and the World Health Organization maintains a website that is updated frequently with new cases of MERS-CoV infection. As per WHO Situation report 16th, 24,554 number of cases confirmed globally out of which 99.22% cases from china. A new coronavirus (2019-nCoV) is causing respiratory syndrome mostly in Hubei Province, China. Corona Virus spread over 24 countries including Japan, India, Korea, and other countries 2019-CoV infection vary from mild, moderate or severe illness; the later includes severe pneumonia, ARDS, sepsis and septic shock. There are two diagnostic tests for coronavirus infection i.e. molecular test and serology test. In this review article there are the various recent cases of the patients that are suffering from the corona virus, the outcome of these studies is that corona virus infection is an epidemic disease which affects Central Nervous System (CNS).
JO  - VirusDisease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-7
SP  - 1
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s13337-020-00582-2
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s13337-020-00582-2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Antiviral activity of lycorine against Zika virus in vivo and in vitro
AU  - Chen, Huini
AU  - Lao, Zizhao
AU  - Xu, Jiangtao
AU  - Li, Zhaoxin
AU  - Long, Haishan
AU  - Li, Detang
AU  - Lin, Luping
AU  - Liu, Xiaohong
AU  - Yu, Liangwen
AU  - Liu, Weiyong
AU  - Li, Geng
AU  - Wu, Jianguo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The emergence and re-emergence of Zika virus (ZIKV), is a cause for international concern. These highly pathogenic arboviruses represent a serious health burden in tropical and subtropical areas worldwide. Despite these burdens, antiviral therapies do not exist, and inhibitors of ZIKV are therefore urgently needed. To elucidate the anti-ZIKV effect of lycorine, we used reverse transcription-quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), immunofluorescence, Western blot, and plaque forming assay to analyse viral RNA (vRNA), viral protein, progeny virus counts, and validated inhibitors in vitro using a variety of cell lines. Additionally, we found that lycorine acts post-infection according to time-of-addition assay, and inhibits RdRp activity. Lycorine protected AG6 mice against ZIKV-induced lethality by decreasing the viral load in the blood. Due to its potency and ability to target ZIKV infection in vivo and in vitro, lycorine might offer promising therapeutic possibilities for combatting ZIKV infections in the future.
JO  - Virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2020.04.009
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0042682220300751
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Vets can help government tackle Covid-19
AU  - Waters, Adele
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Veterinary record
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 186
IS  - 14
PG  - 429-429
SP  - 429
EP  - 429
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/vr.m3002
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Vets would not manage Covid-19 this way
AU  - Sibley, Dick
AU  - Brownlie, Joe
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - There needs to be a more effective and sustainable strategy to manage Covid-19 than the current economically ruinous policy, argue vets Dick Sibley and Joe Brownlie.
JO  - The Veterinary record
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 186
IS  - 14
PG  - 462-463
SP  - 462
EP  - 463
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/vr.m3004
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - We should err on side of caution with Covid-19 advice
AU  - Shanthikumar, S. Reuben
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Veterinary record
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 186
IS  - 14
PG  - 458-458
SP  - 458
EP  - 458
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/vr.m1488
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Can cats become infected with Covid-19?
AU  - Li, Xiangdong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Veterinary record
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 186
IS  - 14
PG  - 457-458
SP  - 457
EP  - 458
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/vr.m1455
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - What can animal coronaviruses tell us about emerging human coronaviruses?
AU  - Brownlie, Joe
AU  - Sibley, Dick
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Veterinary record
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 186
IS  - 14
PG  - 446-448
SP  - 446
EP  - 448
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/vr.m1463
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19 has changed how we teach students
AU  - Bowen, Mark
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Veterinary record
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 186
IS  - 14
PG  - 461-461
SP  - 461
EP  - 461
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/vr.m1535
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Government advice needed on TB testing during Covid-19 outbreak
AU  - Biggs, Andrew
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Veterinary record
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 186
IS  - 14
PG  - 456-456
SP  - 456
EP  - 456
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/vr.m1453
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19 wake-up call for exotic pet trade
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Veterinary record
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 186
IS  - 14
PG  - 432-432
SP  - 432
EP  - 432
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/vr.m1517
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Resources during covid-19
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Veterinary record
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 186
IS  - 14
PG  - 438-438
SP  - 438
EP  - 438
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32299973
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Free 24-hour specialist support during Covid-19
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Veterinary record
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 186
IS  - 14
PG  - 438-438
SP  - 438
EP  - 438
AN  - 
DO  - 
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32299972
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Vacunas contra el coronavirus
AU  - Urbiztondo, L.
AU  - Borras, E.
AU  - Mirada, G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Vacunas
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vacun.2020.04.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S157698872030008X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Why we should not stop giving aspirin to pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Kwiatkowski, Sebastian
AU  - Borowski, Dariusz
AU  - Kajdy, Anna
AU  - Poon, Liona C.
AU  - Rokita, Wojciech
AU  - WielgoŚ, Mirosław
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - With the current outbreak and spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) worldwide many questions arise. There have been issued precautions regarding the use of anti-inflammatory medications, including aspirin. To our knowledge, there is insufficient data to suggest an increased risk between prophylactic use of low-dose aspirin and progression of COVID-19 infection in pregnant women at risk of placental complications. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/uog.22049
UR  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Clinical Study of Noninvasive Assessment of Lung Lesions inPatients with Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) by Bedside Ultrasound TT - Nicht-invasive Beurteilung von pulmonalen Lasionen bei Patienten mit Coronavirus-Erkrankung (COVID-19) durch Ultrascha
AU  - Lu, Wuzhu
AU  - Zhang, Shushan
AU  - Chen, Binghui
AU  - Chen, Jiaxin
AU  - Xian, Jianzhong
AU  - Lin, Yuhong
AU  - Shan, Hong
AU  - Su, Zhong Zhen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - PURPOSE: This study was conducted to explore the clinical value of noninvasive assessment of bedside ultrasound in the diagnosis of lung lesions of Coronavirus Disease-19. METHODS: In this retrospective study, 30 patients with Coronavirus Disease-19 admitted to our hospital from January 18 to February 5, 2020, were selected as the research subjects. All cases were examined by lung ultrasound and CT. Lung lesions were reviewed by blinded observers, with imaging scores being used to analyze the ultrasound findings of lung lesions in patients with Coronavirus Disease-19 and with chest CT being used as the reference standard. The clinical value of ultrasound in the noninvasive assessment of lung lesions was evaluated. RESULTS: Lung ultrasound signs in patients with Coronavirus Disease-19 were mainly manifested as interstitial pulmonary edema (90.0 %, 27/30) and pulmonary consolidations (20.0 %, 6/30). The lung lesions were mainly distributed in the subpleural and peripheral pulmonary zones. The lower lobe and the dorsal region had a greater tendency to be involved. There was moderate agreement (Kappa = 0.529) between the noninvasive assessment of bedside ultrasound for lung lesions in patients with Coronavirus Disease-19 and CT. The ultrasound scores to evaluate mild, moderate and severe lung lesions exhibited sensitivity of 68.8 % (11/16), 77.8 % (7/9), 100.0 % (2/2), specificity of 85.7 % (12/14), 76.2 % (16/21), 92.9 % (26/28), and diagnostic accuracy of 76.7 % (23/30), 76.7 % (23/30), 93.3 % (28/30), respectively. The follow-up dynamic ultrasound examination showed that the condition of all patients worsened gradually, with the ultrasound scores of lung lesions increasing to varying degrees. CONCLUSION: Though the diagnostic efficacy of bedside ultrasound is relatively low for mild to moderate patients, it is high for severe patients. Bedside ultrasound has important clinical significance for noninvasive assessment and dynamic observation of lung lesions in patients with Coronavirus Disease-19, which is worth further consideration. ZIEL: Diese Studie wurde durchgefuhrt, um den klinischen Wert der nicht-invasiven Beurteilung von Ultraschall direkt am Krankenbett bei der Diagnose von Lungenlasionen bei COVID-19-Erkrankung zu untersuchen. METHODEN: In dieser retrospektiven Studie wurden 30 COVID-19-Patienten, die vom 18. Januar bis zum 5. Februar 2020 in unser Krankenhaus eingeliefert wurden, als Probanden ausgewahlt. Alle Falle wurden mittels Lungenultraschall und CT untersucht. Die Lungenlasionen wurden von verblindeten Beobachtern uberpruft, wobei die sonografischen Befunde der Lungenlasionen bei COVID-19-Patienten mittels Bildgebungs-Scores analysiert wurden und Thorax-CT als Referenzstandard diente. Der klinische Nutzen der Sonografie bei der nicht-invasiven Beurteilung von Lungenlasionen wurde bewertet. ERGEBNISSE: Bei COVID-19-Patienten manifestierten sich die Lungenultraschallzeichen in erster Linie als interstitielles Lungenodem (90,0 %, 27/30) und Lungenkonsolidierungen (20,0 %, 6/30). Die Lasionen der Lunge waren uberwiegend in den subpleuralen und peripheren Lungenzonen verteilt. Der Unterlappen und die dorsale Region waren tendenziell starker betroffen. Die Ubereinstimmung zwischen der nicht-invasiven Beurteilung des Ultraschalls am Krankenbett und der CT fur Lungenlasionen bei COVID-19-Patienten war moderat (Kappa = 0,529). Die Beurteilung mittels Ultraschall von leichten, moderaten und schweren Lungenlasionen ergab eine Sensitivitat von 68,8 % (11/16), 77,8 % (7/9), 100,0 % (2/2), eine Spezifitat von 85,7 % (12/14), 76,2 % (16/21), 92,9 % (26/28) und eine diagnostische Genauigkeit von 76,7 % (23/30), 76,7 % (23/30) bzw. 93,3 % (28/30). Die anschlieSSende dynamische Ultraschalluntersuchung zeigte, dass sich der Zustand aller Patienten allmahlich verschlechterte, wobei die Ultraschall-Scores der Lungenlasionen in unterschiedlichem MaSSe anstiegen. SCHLUSSFOLGERUNG: Ultraschall direkt am Krankenbett hat eine wichtige klinische Bedeutung fur die nicht-inva ive Beurteilung und die dynamische Beobachtung von Lungenlasionen bei COVID-19-Patienten und sollte weiter in Betracht gezogen werden.
JO  - Ultraschall in der Medizin (Stuttgart, Germany : 1980)
PB  - 
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PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1055/a-1154-8795
UR  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19, immune system response, hyperinflammation and repurposing anti-rheumatic drugs
AU  - Tufan, Abdurrahman
AU  - Avanoğlu Güler, Aslihan
AU  - Matucci-Cerinic, Marco
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In the Wuhan province of China, in December 2019, the novel Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) has caused a severe involvement of the lower respiratory tract leading to an acute respiratory syndrome. Subsequently, coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) provoked a pandemic which is considered a life-threatening disease. The SARS-CoV-2, a family member of betacoronaviruses, possesses single single-stranded positive-sense RNA with typical structural proteins, involving the envelope, membrane, nucleocapsid and spike proteins that are responsible for the viral infectivity, and nonstructural proteins. The effectual host immune response including innate and adaptive immunity against SARS-Cov-2 seems crucial to control and resolve the viral infection. However, the severity and outcome of the COVID-19 might be associated with the excessive production of proinflammatory cytokines ?cytokine storm? leading to an acute respiratory distress syndrome. Regretfully, the exact pathophysiology and treatment, especially for the severe disease of COVID-19, is still uncertain. The results of preliminary studies have shown that immune-modulatory or immune-suppressive treatments such as hydroxychloroquine, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1 antagonists, commonly used in rheumatology, might be considered as treatment choices for COVID-19, particularly in severe lung disease. In this review, to better gain information about appropriate anti-inflammatory treatments, mostly used in rheumatology for COVID-19, we have focused the attention on the structural features of SARS-CoV-2, the host immune response against SARS-CoV-2 and its association with the cytokine storm.
JO  - Turkish journal of medical sciences
PB  - 
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AN  - 
DO  - 10.3906/sag-2004-168
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mobilizing the research ecosystem for scientific advances towards positive impact in the context of the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Mandal, Hasan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This special issue of the Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences is dedicated to providing scientific advances in the process of better understanding the SARS-CoV-2 virus that causes the COVID-19 infection. The special issue is published in a special time in which science-based approaches, cocreation-based collaboration, and the effective utilization and integration of competences have a crucial role during the race against time while combating the COVID-19 pandemic. In this process, the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TÜBİTAK), which publishes academic journals including the Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences, has taken rapid action to mobilize the research community. This includes forming new scientific coalitions in record time, the opening of new calls across the research ecosystem, the organization of a virtual scientific conference, and the launch of a new portal in support of cocreation processes and open science. In addition, various teleconferences that bring together various disciplines at the national and international level have taken place. All of these efforts provide multiple venues to support the common effort of combating the COVID-19 pandemic with R&D and development as a common objective. The sharing of evidence-based knowledge and scientific progress is an effective approach towards providing important contributions for combating the COVID-19 pandemic. The research articles that are contained in this special issue of the Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences involves a special collection dedicated to COVID-19. This short communication aims to provide an introduction of the major initiatives that have been taken in the scientific landscape with a focus on Turkey.
JO  - Turkish journal of medical sciences
PB  - 
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AN  - 
DO  - 10.3906/sag-2004-180
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Crushing the curve, the role of national and international institutions and policy makers in COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Koçak Tufan, Zeliha
AU  - Kayaaslan, Bircan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Nobody can be fully prepared to a pandemic. Of course there are signs of it, the scientists can predict, alarming speeches can be made. But there are always alarmist people around, maybe that is why sometimes even the most serious warnings may be not considered by the authorities on time. The first patients may be lost without a proper diagnosis. When everybody realizes that there may be a big problem in the horizon, sometimes it is too late. That is why it is very important to monitor contagious diseases and follow the warnings and releases of national and international disease control centers and other related organizations. China celebrated Lunar New Year with more than 40thousand families on the 18 of January 2020. Nobody seem to be expecting this emerging new viral pneumonia outbreak appeared in Wuhan, in the last days of 2019, will break the chains and turn out to be a pandemic! But maybe this time it was not too late. There were four important pandemics within the last century: Spanish Flu, Hong Kong Flu, Asian Flu and Swine Flu. Each left different story behind. Millions of people had infected, hundreds, thousands of people died. This time, the Modern World had different tools to limit the SARS CoV2 outbreak. The national and international institutions of our globe were all communicating and taking precautions in a very fast manner than ever. However, this time, unexpectedly, the SARS-CoV-2 contagion was also faster. Beside the international organizations like WHO, UNESCO and UNICEF, the roles of local authorities, health ministries, disease control centers, health protection agencies, research centers and universities are all very important in different operational levels to control and survive from the pandemic. This paper will review the immediate response of different national and international institutions and authorities to COVID-19 pandemic.
JO  - Turkish journal of medical sciences
PB  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3906/sag-2004-167
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 outbreak control, example of the ministry of health of Turkey
AU  - Demirbilek, Yasemin
AU  - Pehlivantürk, Gülen
AU  - Özgüler, Zeynep Özge
AU  - Alp Meşe, Emine
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Our first COVID-19 case in Turkey was a 44-year-old male who referred to the hospital on March 9, 2020. The first related death occurred on March 17, 2020. Preparedness for the pandemic has been ongoing before the first case was detected. The National Pandemic Plan was published in 2006. The Pandemic Influenza National Preparedness Plan was available after being updated in light of experiences gained during the 2009 Influenza A pandemic. Accordingly, Pandemic Coordination Boards and Operation Centers have been established on the national and provincial levels. This was an adaptable plan to the Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19). We formed teams to work on a 24/7 basis and established a Scientific Committee at the Public Health Emergency Operation Center within the General Directorate of Public Health. ?COVID-19 Risk Assessment?, ?COVID-19 Guideline? and ?Case Report Form?, regulations of personal protective equipment along with need-based guidelines, treatment algorithms, brochures and related documents have been released. For the case-based follow-up, Public Health Management System (HSYS) is being used. PCR and rapid diagnostic kits are being used to analyze the samples at the central Microbiology Reference Laboratory and the authorized laboratories in several provinces. Various preventive measures were implemented including flight restrictions to certain countries, gradually expanded to suspending all flights and prohibiting the entry of foreign nationals, 14-day isolation and symptom monitoring for those that came from countries under risk. Persons with chronic diseases have been granted an administrative leave, offline education at schools and activities of public rest and entertainment areas were temporarily suspended. Measures have been implemented for penitentiary institutions, dormitories, nursing homes, public transport and intercity buses and weekend curfews are implemented. In accordance with the pandemic plan, actions have been carried out with a multi-sectoral approach, and preventive measures have been implemented to cover the society as a whole.
JO  - Turkish journal of medical sciences
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3906/sag-2004-187
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Global Surveillance, Travel and Trade During a Pandemic
AU  - Çetin, Ceren
AU  - Kara, Ateş
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Pandemics have had very important consequences in human history. Lots of people lost their lives and countries have been intensively effected in terms of socioeconomic problems. Unfortunately, avoidance of pandemics, limiting the spread are still currently not always possible. Maybe the most important factor for this, is the increasing frequency of traveling. Increasing airline traveling rate also increase the rate of spread. Global organizations like World Health Organization and United Nations are trying to play a supreme role over the countries. Pandemics do not have borders therefore efforts should be given globally, definition of pandemic should be established as soon as possible and protective measures should be shared with countries. If these are not done, severe health consequences and serious economic problems are inevitable.
JO  - Turkish journal of medical sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3906/sag-2004-175
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemiology of COVID-19
AU  - Bulut, Cemal
AU  - Kato, Yasuyuki
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - It seems that Coronaviruses take an important place in the 21th century history. Five of seven human coronavirus was isolated in this century. Unfortunately, last three of them entered our life with a fear of outbreak, pandemic or death. Last human coronavirus which emerged world from Wuhan China, SARS CoV-2 and its clinical expression, Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) recently taken a significant place in our daily practice. Initial reports showed that, its origin was bats. It transmitted human to human by droplet and contact routes, but some doubt about airborne, fecal or intrauterine transmission also should be removed. Its R0 value is 2.3 but it could be as high as 5.7. Its case fatality rate was 6.3, but it was different in different ages and counties, and it could be over 15%. According to early models total 10-12 weeks is required to control an outbreak in the community. While different countries show different daily case numbers, total number of case, case mortality rates or R0, it seems they show a similar epidemic curve. Every day we learn new data about the current outbreak. Since the outbreak is not over yet, every detail should be evaluated carefully and the updates should be followed closely to monitor the epidemiological properties of COVID-19.
JO  - Turkish journal of medical sciences
PB  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3906/sag-2004-172
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in children
AU  - Bedir Demirdağ, Tuğba
AU  - Tezer, Hasan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was firstly reported at the end of 2019. The disease rapidly spread all around the world in a few months and was declared a worldwide pandemic by WHO in March 2020. By April 9, there were 1 436 198 confirmed COVID-19 cases in the world, nearly with 6% mortality rate. This novel infectious disease causes respiratory tract illness that may generally occur as mild upper respiratory tract disease or pneumonia. In older patients and/or patients with underlying conditions, it may result in acute respiratory distress syndrome, multi organ failure and even death. According to the current literature, children account approximately for 1%-5% of diagnosed COVID-19 cases. Generally, COVID-19 seems to be a less severe disease for children than adults. Approximately 90% of pediatric patients are diagnosed as asymptomatic, mild, or moderate disease. However, up to 6.7% of cases may be severe. Severe illness is generally seen in patients smaller than 1 year of age and patients who have underlying disesases. The epidemiological and clinical patterns of COVID-19 and treatment approaches in pediatric patients still remain unclear although many pediatric reports are published. This review aims to summarize the current epidemics, clinical presentations, diagnosis, and treatment of COVID-19 in pediatric patients.
JO  - Turkish journal of medical sciences
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3906/sag-2004-174
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Understanding Dynamics of Pandemics
AU  - Akin, Levent
AU  - Gözel, Mustafa Gökhan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Along the centuries, novel strain of virus such as influenza produces pandemics which increases illness, death and disruption in the countries. Spanish flu in 1918, Asian flu in 1957, Hong Kong flu in1968 and swine flu in 2009 were known pandemic which had various characteristics in terms of morbidity and mortality. A current pandemic is caused by novel corona virus originated from China. COVID -19 pandemic is very similar to Spanish, Hong Kong, Asian and Swine influenza pandemics in terms of spreading to world by the mobilized people. Burden of pandemic is considered in terms of disease transmissibility and the growth rate of epidemic and duration of pandemic can be calculated by transmissibility characteristic. The case definition, finding out cases and first case cluster, proper treatment, sufficient stockpiles of medicine and population cooperation with the containment strategy should be considered for reduction of burden of pandemic.
JO  - Turkish journal of medical sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3906/sag-2004-133
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - RADIOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO COVID-19 PNEUMONIA
AU  - Akçay, Müşerref Şule
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 pneumonia has high mortality rates. The symptoms are undiagnostic, the results of viral nucleic acid detection method (PCR) can delay, so that chest computerized tomography is often key diagnostic test in patients with possible COVID-19 pneumonia. In this review, we discussed the main radiological findings of this infection.
JO  - Turkish journal of medical sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3906/sag-2004-160
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Protective measures for COVID-19 for healthcare providers and laboratory personnel
AU  - Ağalar, Canan
AU  - Öztürk Engin, Derya
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In the COVID-19 pandemic, which affects the whole world, healthcare professionals (HCP) are at high risk of transmission due to direct contact with the patient with COVID-19. Therefore, how to ensure the triage of the patient with acute respiratory symptoms should be determined in advance, the contact distance should be arranged to be at least 2 meters, COVID-19 suspect or diagnosed patient should be instructed to wear a surgical mask. During the care of these patients, HCP should wear their personal protective equipment (PPE) in accordance with the procedure and should not neglect hand hygiene. The samples of the patient with known or suspected COVID-19 patient should also be known to be risky in terms of contamination, and a risk assessment should be performed for the prosedures to be performed in laboratories. the PPE should be used in accordance with the procedure to be performed The protection of the HCP, who sacrifices at the risk of life, is possible only by complying with infection control and precautions.
JO  - Turkish journal of medical sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3906/sag-2004-132
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cold plasma, a new hope in the field of virus inactivation
AU  - Filipić, Arijana
AU  - Gutierrez-Aguirre, Ion
AU  - Primc, Gregor
AU  - Mozetič, Miran
AU  - Dobnik, David
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Viruses can infect all cell-based organisms, from bacteria to humans, animals, and plants. They are responsible for numerous cases of hospitalization, many deaths, and widespread crop destruction, which all result in an enormous medical, economical, and biological burden. Each of the currently used decontamination methods have important drawbacks. Cold plasma has entered this field as a novel, efficient, and clean solution for virus inactivation. Here, we present the recent developments in this promising field of cold-plasma-mediated virus inactivation, and describe the applications and mechanisms of the inactivation. This is a particularly relevant subject as viral pandemics, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, expose the need for alternative viral inactivation methods to replace, complement or upgrade existing ones.
JO  - Trends in Biotechnology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tibtech.2020.04.003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167779920301086
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Detection and analysis of nucleic acid in various biological samples of COVID-19 patients
AU  - Wu, Jianguo
AU  - Liu, Jiasheng
AU  - Li, Shijun
AU  - Peng, Zhiyang
AU  - Xiao, Zhe
AU  - Wang, Xufeng
AU  - Yan, Ruicheng
AU  - Luo, Jianfei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 (corona virus disease 2019) is a kind of acute severe pneumonia caused by 2019-nCoV (2019-nCoV) infection. Since December 2019, it has been found in Wuhan, Hubei Province, and then spread to the whole country. Some parts of the world also showed an outbreak trend [1–3]. Real-time fluorescence quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction,RT-PCR) and viral gene sequencing are the gold standard for the diagnosis of COVID-19. At present, upper respiratory tract nasopharyngeal swabs are mostly used as nucleic acid detection samples in China, but the positive rate is low. However, there are few reports on clinical application of 2019-nCoV nucleic acid detection in other biological samples. Methods | The East Section of Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University is a designated COVID-19 hospital in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China. This observation study included 132 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 in the infectious disease areas of the East Section of Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from 2020.1.31 to 2020.2.29. COVID-19 diagnostic criteria: according to China's 《pneumonia diagnosis and treatment Program of novel coronavirus infection (trial version 7) 》, in accordance with the relevant epidemiological and clinical manifestations, nasopharyngeal swabs real-time fluorescence RT-PCR detection of 2019-nCoV nucleic acid positive, COVID-19 cases were divided into mild, ordinary, severe and severe [4]. The nasopharyngeal swabs of 132 cases of COVID-19 were positive for 2019-nCoV nucleic acid on admission, including 72 males and 60 females, with an average age of 66.7 ± 9.1 years, including 80 cases of common type, 44 cases of severe type and 8 cases of critical type. During the period of admission, under the condition of tertiary protection, nasopharyngeal swabs, sputum, blood, feces and anal swabs of COVID-19 cases were collected many times in the isolation ward for 2019-nCoV nucleic acid detection. All biological samples are sealed and transferred to the laboratory in strict accordance with the standard process. The RT-PCR test kits (BioGerm) were recommended by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. The same technician and brand of test kit was used for all RT-PCR testing reported; both internal controls and negative controls were routinely performed with each batch of tests. Results | 132 the results of 2019-nCoV nucleic acid test of various biological samples during the treatment of confirmed COVID-19 cases are as follows: the positive rate of 2019-nCoV nucleic acid test of nasopharyngeal swab is 38.13% (180/472 times), the positive rate of 2019-nCoV nucleic acid test of sputum is 48.68% (148/304 times), the positive rate of blood 2019-nCoV nucleic acid test is 3.03% (4/132 times), and the positive rate of 2019-nCoV nucleic acid test of feces is 9.83% (24/244 times). The positive rate of 2019-nCoV nucleic acid detection in anal swabs is 10.00% (12/120 times). Discussion| In this study, it was found that the positive rate of 2019-nCoV nucleic acid in sputum of 132 patients with COVID-19 was higher than that of nasopharyngeal swabs, and viral nucleic acids were also detected in blood and digestive tract (fecal/anal swabs). Simple detection of nasopharyngeal swab 2019-nCoV nucleic acid detection positive rate is not high, multi-sample 2019-nCoV nucleic acid detection can improve the accuracy, reduce the false negative rate, better guide clinical treatment and evaluate the therapeutic effect.
JO  - Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101673-101673
SP  - 101673
EP  - 101673
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101673
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893920301411
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and healthcare-associated infections: Emerging and future challenges for public health in Brazil
AU  - Ribas, Rosineide Marques
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101675-101675
SP  - 101675
EP  - 101675
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101675
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893920301435
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Challenges of managing the asymptomatic carriers of SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Rahimi, Farid
AU  - Bezmin Abadi, Amin Talebi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - After an outbreak in Wuhan, China, a growing number of countries are now suffering from an epidemic by SARS-CoV-2, which causes COVID-19. Undoubtedly, reports of the skyrocketing global spread of COVID-19 has shocked people globally, from Japan to the United States.Presently, the World Health Organization indicates that fatality due to COVID-19 is about 2%, inferring that many positive subjects may potentially overcome the illness with mild influenza-like symptoms and no need for hospitalization at intensive-care units. Because COVID-19 is completely new to the human immune system, many throughout the world are likely vulnerable to becoming sick after their initial exposure to SARSCoV-2. Besides hospitalized cases, many individuals are likely asymptomatic but potentially carry the virus. While our knowledge about carriers and their virus shedding is deficient, some studies modelling the viral transmission have considered the potential contribution of the asymptomatic carriers. Protocols for managing asymptomatic cases, for example for controlling them to restrict their contact with healthy people at public places or private residences, have not been established.In-house quarantine may as well be applicable to asymptomatic cases if they could be identified and diagnosed. Presumably now, the asymptomatic subjects potentially contribute to the transmission of COVID-19 without their knowledge, intention or being diagnosed as carriers. Thus, managing the asymptomatic cases, who can carry and likely transmit the virus, is a major healthcare challenge while a pandemic is looming.
JO  - Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101677-101677
SP  - 101677
EP  - 101677
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101677
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893920301459
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: The time for action is just now; It's still not too late
AU  - Hamidian Jahromi, Alireza
AU  - Mazloom, Samira
AU  - Ballard, David H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101676-101676
SP  - 101676
EP  - 101676
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101676
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1477893920301447
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Development of a real-time PCR assay for detection of African swine fever virus with an endogenous internal control
AU  - Wang, Yin
AU  - Xu, Lizhe
AU  - Noll, Lance
AU  - Stoy, Colin
AU  - Porter, Elizabeth
AU  - Fu, Jingping
AU  - Feng, Yuan
AU  - Peddireddi, Lalitha
AU  - Liu, Xuming
AU  - Dodd, Kimberly A.
AU  - Jia, Wei
AU  - Bai, Jianfa
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Real-time PCR assays are highly sensitive, specific and rapid techniques for the identification of ASF virus (ASFV) (Section 3.8, OIE Terrestrial Manual, 2019). Although an ASFV p72 gene based real-time PCR assay (a.k.a. the Zsak assay) (Zsak et al. J. Clinical Microbiology, 43, 2005, 112) has been widely used for ASFV detection, several more ASFV sequences have become available in the 15 years since the design of the Zsak assay. In this study, we developed a new ASFV p72 gene based real-time PCR after analysis of all currently available sequences of the p72 gene and multiplexed the new assay with a modified Zsak assay aiming to have a broader coverage of ASFV strain/isolates. To reduce false negative detections, porcine house-keeping gene, beta actin (ACTB), was applied as an internal control. Eight ACTB sequences from the GenBank and 61 partial ACTB sequences generated in this study, and 1,012 p72 sequences from the GenBank and 23 p72 sequences generated at FADDL, were used for ACTB and ASFV primer and probe designs, respectively, to ensure broader host and ASFV coverage. Multiplexing ACTB in the reaction did not inhibit ASFV amplification. The multiplex assay was evaluated for strain/isolate coverage, sensitivity and specificity. The in silico analysis showed high ASFV strain/isolate coverage: 98.4% (978/994) of all p72 sequences currently available. The limit of detection (LOD) was 6 plasmid copies or 0.1-1 TCID50/ml of ASFV isolates per reaction. Only targeted ASFV isolates and the viruses in the positive clinical samples were detected, indicating that the assay is highly specific (100% specificity). The test results of 26 ASFV isolates with different country origins showed that this newly developed multiplex assay performed better than the Zsak assay that has been widely accepted and used worldwide, indicating that it may be used as an alternative assay for ASFV detection.
JO  - Transboundary and Emerging Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/tbed.13582
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/tbed.13582
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Serological survey of SARS-CoV-2 for experimental, domestic, companion and wild animals excludes intermediate hosts of 35 different species of animals
AU  - Deng, Junhua
AU  - Jin, Yipeng
AU  - Liu, Yuxiu
AU  - Sun, Jie
AU  - Hao, Liying
AU  - Bai, Jingjing
AU  - Huang, Tian
AU  - Lin, Degui
AU  - Jin, Yaping
AU  - Tian, Kegong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The pandemic SARS-CoV-2 has been reported in 123 countries with more than 5000 patients died from it. However, the original and intermediate hosts of the virus remain unknown. In this study, 1914 serum samples from 35 animal species were used for detection SARS-CoV-2 specific antibodies using double antigen sandwich ELISA after validating its specificity and sensitivity. The results showed that no SARS-CoV-2 specific antibodies were detected in above samples which excluded the possibility of 35 animal species as intermediate host for SARS-CoV-2. More importantly, companion animals including pet dogs (including one dog the SARS-CoV-2 patient kept and two dogs which had close contact with it) and cats, street dogs and cats also showed serological negative to SARS-CoV-2, which relieved the public concerns for the pets as SARS-CoV-2 carriers.
JO  - Transboundary and emerging diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/tbed.13577
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Supporting pandemic response using genomics and bioinformatics: a case study on the emergent SARS-CoV-2 outbreak
AU  - Bauer, Denis C.
AU  - Tay, Aidan P.
AU  - Wilson, Laurence O. W.
AU  - Reti, Daniel
AU  - Hosking, Cameron
AU  - McAuley, Alexander J.
AU  - Pharo, Elizabeth
AU  - Todd, Shawn
AU  - Stevens, Vicky
AU  - Neave, Matthew J.
AU  - Tachedjian, Mary
AU  - Drew, Trevor W.
AU  - Vasan, S. S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Pre-clinical responses to fast moving infectious disease outbreaks heavily depend on choosing the best isolates for animal models that inform diagnostics, vaccines and treatments. Current approaches are driven by practical considerations (e.g. first available virus isolate) rather than a detailed analysis of the characteristics of the virus strain chosen, which can lead to animal models that are not representative of the circulating or emerging clusters. Here, we suggest a combination of epidemiological, experimental and bioinformatics considerations when choosing virus strains for animal model generation. We discuss the currently chosen SARS-CoV-2 strains for international coronavirus disease (COVID-19) models in the context of their phylogeny as well as in a novel alignment-free bioinformatics approach. Unlike phylogenetic trees, which focus on individual shared mutations, this new approach assesses genome-wide co-developing functionalities and hence offers a more fluid view of the ?cloud of variances? that RNA viruses are prone to accumulate. This joint approach concludes that while the current animal models cover the existing viral strains adequately, there is substantial evolutionary activity that is likely not considered by the current models. Based on insights from the non-discrete alignment-free approach and experimental observations, we suggest isolates for future animal models.
JO  - Transboundary and Emerging Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/tbed.13588
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/tbed.13588
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - AI governance in the public sector: Three tales from the frontiers of automated decision-making in democratic settings
AU  - Kuziemski, Maciej
AU  - Misuraca, Gianluca
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The rush to understand new socio-economic contexts created by the wide adoption of AI is justified by its far-ranging consequences, spanning almost every walk of life. Yet, the public sector's predicament is a tragic double bind: its obligations to protect citizens from potential algorithmic harms are at odds with the temptation to increase its own efficiency - or in other words - to govern algorithms, while governing by algorithms. Whether such dual role is even possible, has been a matter of debate, the challenge stemming from algorithms' intrinsic properties, that make them distinct from other digital solutions, long embraced by the governments, create externalities that rule-based programming lacks. As the pressures to deploy automated decision making systems in the public sector become prevalent, this paper aims to examine how the use of AI in the public sector in relation to existing data governance regimes and national regulatory practices can be intensifying existing power asymmetries. To this end, investigating the legal and policy instruments associated with the use of AI for strenghtening the immigration process control system in Canada; “optimising” the employment services” in Poland, and personalising the digital service experience in Finland, the paper advocates for the need of a common framework to evaluate the potential impact of the use of AI in the public sector. In this regard, it discusses the specific effects of automated decision support systems on public services and the growing expectations for governments to play a more prevalent role in the digital society and to ensure that the potential of technology is harnessed, while negative effects are controlled and possibly avoided. This is of particular importance in light of the current COVID-19 emergency crisis where AI and the underpinning regulatory framework of data ecosystems, have become crucial policy issues as more and more innovations are based on large scale data collections from digital devices, and the real-time accessibility of information and services, contact and relationships between institutions and citizens could strengthen – or undermine - trust in governance systems and democracy.
JO  - Telecommunications Policy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101976-101976
SP  - 101976
EP  - 101976
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.telpol.2020.101976
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308596120300689
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Protein Interaction with Dendrimer Monolayers: Energy and Surface Topology
AU  - Lungu, Claudiu N.
AU  - Füstös, Melinda E.
AU  - Grudziński, Ireneusz P.
AU  - Olteanu, Gabriel
AU  - Putz, Mihai V.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Protein interaction with polymers layers is a keystone in designing bio-nano devices. Polyamidoamines (PAMAMs) are well-known polymers. Zero aromatic core dendrimers (ZAC) are molecules with no proven toxic effect in cultured cells. When coating nanodevices with enzymatic systems, active sites are disturbed by an interaction with the biosystem surface. Computational methods were used in order to simulate, characterize, and quantify protein&ndash;polymer interaction. Protein corona, i.e., surface proteins disposed on a viral membrane or nanodevice outer surface, are crucial in interactions with a potential pharmacological target or receptor. Corona symmetry has been observed in the Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (MERS-CoV), severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). As a protein alpha 1 antitrypsin&rsquo;s a crystallographic structure was chosen. Protein&ndash;mono dendrimer layer systems were generated using in silico methods in order to simulate their interaction. Interactions were quantified using topological and quantum mechanical strategies. Results showed that PAMAM and ZAC interact differently with alpha 1 antitrypsin. Energy and topological surfaces of protein vary accordingly with the dendrimer monolayer. Topological surfaces have a higher sensibility in describing the interactions.
JO  - Symmetry 2020, Vol. 12, Page 641
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 12
IS  - 4
PG  - 641-641
SP  - 641
EP  - 641
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/SYM12040641
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/12/4/641
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Collaborative Transformation beyond Coal and Cars? Co-Creation and Corporatism in the German Energy and Mobility Transitions
AU  - Herberg, Jeremias
AU  - Haas, Tobias
AU  - Oppold, Daniel
AU  - Schneidemesser, Dirk von
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In this article, we critically discuss the role of collaboration in Germany&rsquo;s path towards a post-carbon economy. We consider civic movements and novel forms of collaboration as a potentially transformative challenger to the predominant approach of corporatist collaboration in the mobility and energy sectors. However, while trade unions and employer organizations provide a permanent and active arena for policy-oriented collaboration, civil society groups cannot rely on an equivalently institutionalized corridor to secure policy impact and public resonance. In that sense, conventional forms of collaboration tend to hinder the transformation towards a post-carbon economy. Collaboration in the German corporatist setting is thus, from a sustainability perspective, simultaneously a problem and a solution. We argue for more institutionalized corridors between civil society and state institutions. Co-creation, as we would like to call this methodical approach to collaborating, can be anchored within the environmental and industrial policy arenas.
JO  - Sustainability 2020, Vol. 12, Page 3278
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 12
IS  - 8
PG  - 3278-3278
SP  - 3278
EP  - 3278
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/SU12083278
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/8/3278
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - International Expansion of Social Enterprises as a Catalyst for Scaling up Social Impact across Borders
AU  - Bretos, Ignacio
AU  - Díaz-Foncea, Millán
AU  - Marcuello, Carmen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Scaling social impact and solutions beyond the local context is argued to embody a key mechanism for social enterprises (SEs) to contribute to the achievement of the sustainable development goals (SDGs) and to generate welfare-enhancing systemic change. In light of this, this article explores the potential of SE international expansion as a catalyst for scaling social impact across borders. From our reading of the literature, we discern three major typologies of cross-border scaling: Control-based, altruism-based, and hybrid. Drawing on a multiple-case study of nine international SEs, we examine why and how SEs deploy these scaling strategies on an international scale; the challenges to maximize social impact across borders associated with each of the scaling strategies, and the resources and actions that SEs can mobilize to manage such challenges associated with international expansion. Contrary to conventional wisdom and mainstream theory depicting SEs as small-sized organizations that suffer from different limitations to expand beyond their traditional national boundaries, our findings illustrate how these organizations can successfully operate on an international scale and simultaneously generate financial, social, and environmental value.
JO  - Sustainability 2020, Vol. 12, Page 3262
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 12
IS  - 8
PG  - 3262-3262
SP  - 3262
EP  - 3262
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/SU12083262
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/8/3262
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - CD147 as a Target for COVID-19 Treatment: Suggested Effects of Azithromycin and Stem Cell Engagement
AU  - Ulrich, Henning
AU  - Pillat, Micheli M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The expressive number of deaths and confirmed cases of SARS-CoV-2 call for an urgent demand of effective and available drugs for COVID-19 treatment. CD147, a receptor on host cells, is a novel route for SARS-CoV-2 invasion. Thus, drugs that interfere in the spike protein/CD147 interaction or CD147 expression may inhibit viral invasion and dissemination among other cells, including in progenitor/stem cells. Studies suggest beneficial effects of azithromycin in reducing viral load of hospitalized patients, possibly interfering with ligand/CD147 receptor interactions; however, its possible effects on SARS-CoV-2 invasion has not yet been evaluated. In addition to the possible effect in invasion, azithromycin decreases the expression of some metalloproteinases (downstream to CD147), induces anti-viral responses in primary human bronchial epithelial infected with rhinovirus, decreasing viral replication and release. Moreover, resident lung progenitor/stem are extensively differentiated into myofibroblasts during pulmonary fibrosis, a complication observed in COVID-19 patients. This process, and the possible direct viral invasion of progenitor/stem cells via CD147 or ACE2, could result in the decline of these cellular stocks and failing lung repair. Clinical tests with allogeneic MSCs from healthy individuals are underway to enhance endogenous lung repair and suppress inflammation.
JO  - Stem Cell Reviews and Reports
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-7
SP  - 1
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12015-020-09976-7
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12015-020-09976-7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 tsunami: the first case of a spinal cord injury patient in Italy
AU  - Righi, Gabriele
AU  - Del Popolo, Giulio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - INTRODUCTION: We present the report of the first, to our best knowledge, case of COVID-19 in a tetraplegic person. CASE PRESENTATION: A 56-year-old male with AIS A C4 tetraplegia developed fever during the night, without any prodrome. His general practitioner suspected a urinary tract infection and prescribed him antibiotic therapy. After 2 days of antibiotic therapy the fever still persisted, so the individual was admitted to the local hospital and treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics. After 2 days he was transferred to our spinal unit. Considering the worsening of the chest X-ray and fever despite 48 h of broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy, we strongly suspected viral pneumonia. SARS-CoV-2 was detected and antiviral therapy with Lopinavir/Ritonavir, associated with hydroxychloroquine, was promptly started. Fever ceased after 2 days of therapy. DISCUSSION: Blood test and chest X-ray findings in this patient were similar to previously published findings regarding COVID-19. One difference between this case and the known clinical course of COVID-19 is that did not develop cough. Another interesting feature of our case is that, despite tetraplegia, the clinical course was not severe. Persons with COVID-19 remain asymptomatic, these results underscore the need for rehabilitation and SCI professionals to have a high index of suspicion for COVID-19 in their inpatient and outpatient clients. Only inpatient with fever hase being tested for COVID-19. All new patients are submitted to SARS-COV-2 Test. Moreover, routine testing of patients who have to participate in therapy in common gym areas may be warranted.
JO  - Spinal cord series and cases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 6
IS  - 1
PG  - 22-22
SP  - 22
EP  - 22
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41394-020-0274-9
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Delirium and sleep disturbances in COVID–19: a possible role for melatonin in hospitalized patients?
AU  - Zambrelli, Elena
AU  - Canevini, Mariapaola
AU  - Gambini, Orsola
AU  - D’Agostino, Armando
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Sleep Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2020.04.006
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1389945720301672
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Striving as a nation to become an academic leader in the COVID-19 crisis
AU  - Seah, Ivan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Singapore medical journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.11622/smedj.2020059
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 - where do we go from here?
AU  - Lee, Pei Hua
AU  - Vasoo, Shawn
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Singapore medical journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.11622/smedj.2020060
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus
AU  - Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A.
AU  - Memish, Ziad A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Emerging infectious diseases continue to be of a significant importance worldwide with the potential to cause major outbreaks and global pandemics. In 2002, the world had witnessed the appearance of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in China which disappeared abruptly within 6 months. About a decade later, a new and emerging novel coronavirus named the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) was described in a patient from Saudi Arabia. These two coronaviruses shared multiple similarities in the epidemiology, clinical presentations, and posed challenges in its prevention and management. Seven years since its discovery, MERS-CoV continues to be a lethal zoonotic pathogen capable of causing severe pneumonia with high case fatality rates and the ability to cause large health care-associated outbreaks.
JO  - Seminars in respiratory and critical care medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1055/s-0040-1709160
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Effectiveness of the measures to flatten the epidemic curve of COVID-19. The case of Spain
AU  - Saez, Marc
AU  - Tobias, Aurelio
AU  - Varga, Diego
AU  - Barceló, Maria Antònia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - After the cases of COVID-19 skyrocketed, showing that it was no longer possible to contain the spread of the disease, the governments of many countries launched mitigation strategies, trying to slow the spread of the epidemic and flatten its curve. The Spanish Government adopted physical distancing measures on March 14; 13 days after the epidemic outbreak started its exponential growth. Our objective in this paper was to evaluate ex-ante (before the flattening of the curve) the effectiveness of the measures adopted by the Spanish Government to mitigate the COVID-19 epidemic. Our hypothesis was that the behavior of the epidemic curve is very similar in all countries. We employed a time series design, using information from January 17 to April 5, 2020 on the new daily COVID-19 cases from Spain, China and Italy. We specified two generalized linear mixed models (GLMM) with variable response from the Gaussian family (i.e. linear mixed models): one to explain the shape of the epidemic curve of accumulated cases and the other to estimate the effect of the intervention. Just one day after implementing the measures, the variation rate of accumulated cases decreased daily, on average, by 3.059 percentage points, (95% credibility interval: −5.371, −0.879). This reduction will be greater as time passes. The reduction in the variation rate of the accumulated cases, on the last day for which we have data, has reached 5.11 percentage points. The measures taken by the Spanish Government on March 14, 2020 to mitigate the epidemic curve of COVID-19 managed to flatten the curve and although they have not (yet) managed to enter the decrease phase, they are on the way to do so.
JO  - Science of The Total Environment
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 138761-138761
SP  - 138761
EP  - 138761
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138761
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969720322786
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 transmission in Mainland China is associated with temperature and humidity: A time-series analysis
AU  - Qi, Hongchao
AU  - Xiao, Shuang
AU  - Shi, Runye
AU  - Ward, Michael P.
AU  - Chen, Yue
AU  - Tu, Wei
AU  - Su, Qing
AU  - Wang, Wenge
AU  - Wang, Xinyi
AU  - Zhang, Zhijie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 has become a pandemic. The influence of meteorological factors on the transmission and spread of COVID-19 is of interest. This study sought to examine the associations of daily average temperature (AT) and relative humidity (ARH) with the daily count of COVID-19 cases in 30 Chinese provinces (in Hubei from December 1, 2019 to February 11, 2020 and in other provinces from January 20, 2020 to Februarys 11, 2020). A Generalized Additive Model (GAM) was fitted to quantify the province-specific associations between meteorological variables and the daily cases of COVID-19 during the study periods. In the model, the 14-day exponential moving averages (EMAs) of AT and ARH, and their interaction were included with time trend and health-seeking behavior adjusted. Their spatial distributions were visualized. AT and ARH showed significantly negative associations with COVID-19 with a significant interaction between them (0.04, 95% confidence interval: 0.004–0.07) in Hubei. Every 1 °C increase in the AT led to a decrease in the daily confirmed cases by 36% to 57% when ARH was in the range from 67% to 85.5%. Every 1% increase in ARH led to a decrease in the daily confirmed cases by 11% to 22% when AT was in the range from 5.04 °C to 8.2 °C. However, these associations were not consistent throughout Mainland China.
JO  - Science of The Total Environment
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 138778-138778
SP  - 138778
EP  - 138778
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138778
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969720322956
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pollen likely seasonal factor in inhibiting flu-like epidemics. A Dutch study into the inverse relation between pollen counts, hay fever and flu-like incidence 2016–2019
AU  - Hoogeveen, Martijn J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - There is uncertainty if current models for the Covid-19 pandemic should already take into account seasonality. That is because current environmental factors do not provide a powerful explanation of such seasonality, especially given climate differences between countries with moderate climates. It is hypothesized that one major factor is overlooked: pollen count. Pollen are documented to invoke strong immune responses and might create an environmental factor that makes it more difficult for flu-like viruses to survive outside a host. This Dutch study confirms that there is a (highly) significant inverse correlation between pollen count and weekly changes in medical flu consults, and that there is a highly significant inverse correlation between hay fever incidence, as measured by prescribed medication revenues, and weekly flu consults. This supports the idea that pollen are a direct or indirect factor in the seasonality of flu-like epidemics. If seasonality will be observed during the covid-19 spread as well, it is not unlikely that pollen play a role.
JO  - Science of The Total Environment
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 138543-138543
SP  - 138543
EP  - 138543
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138543
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969720320568
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - First confirmed detection of SARS-CoV-2 in untreated wastewater in Australia: A proof of concept for the wastewater surveillance of COVID-19 in the community
AU  - Ahmed, Warish
AU  - Angel, Nicola
AU  - Edson, Janette
AU  - Bibby, Kyle
AU  - Bivins, Aaron
AU  - O'Brien, Jake W.
AU  - Choi, Phil M.
AU  - Kitajima, Masaaki
AU  - Simpson, Stuart L.
AU  - Li, Jiaying
AU  - Tscharke, Ben
AU  - Verhagen, Rory
AU  - Smith, Wendy J. M.
AU  - Zaugg, Julian
AU  - Dierens, Leanne
AU  - Hugenholtz, Philip
AU  - Thomas, Kevin V.
AU  - Mueller, Jochen F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Infection with SARS-CoV-2, the etiologic agent of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, is accompanied by the shedding of the virus in stool. Therefore, the quantification of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater affords the ability to monitor the prevalence of infections among the population via wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE). In the current work, SARS-CoV-2 RNA was concentrated from wastewater in a catchment in Australia and viral RNA copies were enumerated using reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) resulting in two positive detections within a six day period from the same wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). The estimated RNA copy numbers observed in the wastewater were then used to estimate the number of infected individuals in the catchment via Monte Carlo simulation. Given the uncertainty and variation in the input parameters, the model estimated a median range of 171 to 1090 infected persons in the catchment, which is in reasonable agreement with clinical observations. This work highlights the viability of WBE for monitoring infectious diseases, such as COVID-19, in communities. The work also draws attention to the need for further methodological and molecular assay validation for enveloped viruses in wastewater.
JO  - Science of The Total Environment
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 138764-138764
SP  - 138764
EP  - 138764
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138764
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969720322816
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Investigation of effective climatology parameters on COVID-19 outbreak in Iran
AU  - Ahmadi, Mohsen
AU  - Sharifi, Abbas
AU  - Dorosti, Shadi
AU  - Ghoushchi, Saeid Jafarzadeh
AU  - Ghanbari, Negar
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - SARS CoV-2 (COVID-19) Coronavirus cases are confirmed throughout the world and millions of people are being put into quarantine. A better understanding of the effective parameters in infection spreading can bring about a logical measurement toward COVID-19. The effect of climatic factors on spreading of COVID-19 can play an important role in the new Coronavirus outbreak. In this study, the main parameters, including the number of infected people with COVID-19, population density, intra-provincial movement, and infection days to end of the study period, average temperature, average precipitation, humidity, wind speed, and average solar radiation investigated to understand how can these parameters effects on COVID-19 spreading in Iran? The Partial correlation coefficient (PCC) and Sobol’-Jansen methods are used for analyzing the effect and correlation of variables with the COVID-19 spreading rate. The result of sensitivity analysis shows that the population density, intra-provincial movement have a direct relationship with the infection outbreak. Conversely, areas with low values of wind speed, humidity, and solar radiation exposure to a high rate of infection that support the virus's survival. The provinces such as Tehran, Mazandaran, Alborz, Gilan, and Qom are more susceptible to infection because of high population density, intra-provincial movements and high humidity rate in comparison with Southern provinces.
JO  - Science of The Total Environment
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 138705-138705
SP  - 138705
EP  - 138705
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138705
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969720322221
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Top EU scientist ousted over plans for coronavirus research
AU  - Wallace, Nicholas
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Science (New York, N.Y.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 6488
PG  - 223-223
SP  - 223
EP  - 223
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.368.6488.223
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Comparative pathogenesis of COVID-19, MERS, and SARS in a nonhuman primate model
AU  - Rockx, Barry
AU  - Kuiken, Thijs
AU  - Herfst, Sander
AU  - Bestebroer, Theo
AU  - Lamers, Mart M.
AU  - Oude Munnink, Bas B.
AU  - de Meulder, Dennis
AU  - van Amerongen, Geert
AU  - van den Brand, Judith
AU  - Okba, Nisreen M. A.
AU  - Schipper, Debby
AU  - van Run, Peter
AU  - Leijten, Lonneke
AU  - Sikkema, Reina
AU  - Verschoor, Ernst
AU  - Verstrepen, Babs
AU  - Bogers, Willy
AU  - Langermans, Jan
AU  - Drosten, Christian
AU  - Fentener van Vlissingen, Martje
AU  - Fouchier, Ron
AU  - de Swart, Rik
AU  - Koopmans, Marion
AU  - Haagmans, Bart L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The current pandemic coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, was recently identified in patients with an acute respiratory syndrome, COVID-19. To compare its pathogenesis with that of previously emerging coronaviruses, we inoculated cynomolgus macaques with SARS-CoV-2 or MERS-CoV and compared the pathology and virology with historical reports of SARS-CoV infections. In SARS-CoV-2-infected macaques, virus was excreted from nose and throat in the absence of clinical signs, and detected in type I and II pneumocytes in foci of diffuse alveolar damage and in ciliated epithelial cells of nasal, bronchial, and bronchiolar mucosae. In SARS-CoV-infection, lung lesions were typically more severe, while they were milder in MERS-CoV infection, where virus was detected mainly in type II pneumocytes. These data show that SARS-CoV-2 causes COVID-19-like disease in macaques, and provides a new model to test preventive and therapeutic strategies.
JO  - Science (New York, N.Y.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb7314
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cytokine release syndrome in severe COVID-19
AU  - Moore, By John B.
AU  - June, Carl H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Lessons from arthritis and cell therapy in cancer patients point to therapy for severe disease.
JO  - Science (New York, N.Y.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abb8925
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Protect Indigenous peoples from COVID-19
AU  - Ferrante, Lucas
AU  - Fearnside, Philip M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Science (New York, N.Y.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 6488
PG  - 251-251
SP  - 251
EP  - 251
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.abc0073
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - From mice to monkeys, animals studied for coronavirus answers
AU  - Cohen, Jon
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Science (New York, N.Y.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 368
IS  - 6488
PG  - 221-222
SP  - 221
EP  - 222
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1126/science.368.6488.221
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19, mobile health and serious mental illness
AU  - Torous, John
AU  - Keshavan, Matcheri
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Schizophrenia Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2020.04.013
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0920996420302206
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Public health literacy in the face of the Covid-19 pandemic emergency]
AU  - Lazcano-Ponce, Eduardo
AU  - Alpuche-Aranda, Celia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Health literacy is the process of obtaining knowledge, motivation and individual competencies to understand and access information, express opinions and make decisions with respect to health promotion and maintenance. This applies in different contexts, environments, and throughout life. This conceptual perspective is very necessary in the face of the SARS-CoV-2 virus emergency. This virus produces the Covid-19 disease, which has become a pandemic of devastating effects not only healthwise, but also, importantly, from an economic, political and social point of view. This essay seeks to establish the scientific evidence-based elements that guide public policies for prevention and control. Some of these elements are: a) epidemiologic intelligence. This includes not only the strategy of public surveillance, but also sentinel and event-based surveillance, as it is impossible to actually identify all positive cases; b) Mitigating measures against the spread of the epidemic, such as social distancing and hygiene, washing hands, quarantine, restricting movement and using masks, among others; c) Measures to suppress transmission when the number of cases is very high, such as strict measures to stay at home; d) strengthening health services 'capacity for medical attention and improving health services' ability to prevent transmission, including the use of diagnostic tests; e) the development of prophylactic vaccines against Covid-19, as well as the development of therapeutic agents. All of these actions must be rapidly implemented, from a multidisciplinary and multisectorial public health perspective, and they absolutely must also be taken with the community's participation as shared responsibility. Therefore, public health literacy is needed.
JO  - Salud publica de Mexico
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.21149/11408
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Exercising in times of COVID-19: what do experts recommend doing within four walls? TT - Ejercitarse en tiempos del COVID-19: que recomiendan los expertos hacer entre cuatro paredes?
AU  - Rodriguez, Miguel Angel
AU  - Crespo, Irene
AU  - Olmedillas, Hugo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Revista espanola de cardiologia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.recesp.2020.04.002
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Perspectivas Internacionales en Salud Mental ante la pandemia por el nuevo coronavirus SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Ibáñez-Vizoso, Jesús E.
AU  - Alberdi-Páramo, Íñigo
AU  - Díaz-Marsá, Marina
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Revista de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rpsm.2020.04.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1888989120300264
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 y enfermedad cardiovascular
AU  - Triana, Juan Francisco Figueroa
AU  - Márquez, Diego Alfredo Salas
AU  - Silva, Juan Sebastián Cabrera
AU  - Castro, Cristian Camilo Alvarado
AU  - Sandoval, Andrés Felipe Buitrago
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Resumen En diciembre de 2019 en Wuhan en la provincia de Hubei en China, se reportó un grupo de 27 pacientes con neumonía de etiología desconocida, vinculados con exposición al mercado de mariscos, pescado y animales vivos. El 7 de enero de 2020, se identificó una nueva sepa de coronavirus aislada en estos pacientes (SARS-CoV-2); la enfermedad producida por este virus ha sido denominada COVID-19. Durante las etapas iniciales de la pandemia y dados los pocos estudios publicados al respecto, se creía que este coronavirus causaba síntomas netamente respiratorios; sin embargo, a medida que el número de pacientes aumentó, se observó que la enfermedad cardiovascular tenía un papel fundamental en el desarrollo y pronóstico de la infección. Los factores de riesgo más importantes relacionados con mortalidad son la edad y la presencia de comorbilidades, especialmente de tipo cardiovascular. El incremento en niveles de troponina, péptidos natriuréticos y dímero-D tiene valor pronóstico en pacientes con infección por SARS-CoV-2. Los pacientes con COVID-19 tienen un aumento en el riesgo de infarto agudo del miocardio, miocarditis, insuficiencia cardiaca, choque, arritmias y muerte súbita, en relación con la respuesta sistémica al virus y a los tratamientos necesarios en la fase aguda. En este documento se revisa el compromiso cardiovascular por SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19). In December 2019, in Wuhan in the province of Hubei in China, there was a report on a group of 27 patients with a pneumonia of unknown origin, linked to exposure in a market with shellfish, fish, and live animals. In January 2020, a new strain of coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) was isolated in these patients. The disease caused by this virus has been given the name of COVID-19. During the initial stages of the pandemic, and given the scarcity of studies published about this, it was believed that this coronavirus only caused respiratory symptoms. However, as the number of patients increased, it was observed that cardiovascular disease had a fundamental role in the development and prognosis of the infection. The most important risk factors associated with mortality are age and the presence of comorbidities, particularly cardiovascular ones. The increase in the levels of troponin, natriuretic peptides, and D-dimer are of prognostic values in patients with an infection due to SARS-CoV-2. Patients with COVID-19 have an increased risk of acute myocardial infarction, myocarditis, heart failure, shock, arrhythmias, and sudden death, in relation to the systematic response to the virus and to the treatments needed in the acute phase. A review is presented in this article of the cardiovascular involvement due to SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19).
JO  - Revista Colombiana de Cardiología
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rccar.2020.04.004
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0120563320300760
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pronóstico perinatal y de la paciente embarazada con infección por COVID-19
AU  - González Romero, D.
AU  - Ocampo Pérez, J.
AU  - González Bautista, L.
AU  - Santana-Cabrera, L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Revista Clínica Española
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rce.2020.04.006
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0014256520301120
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Whether to make decisions "on the fly" regarding treatment for SARS-CoV-2 infection TT - Tomar o no tomar decisiones en caliente respecto al tratamiento de la infeccion por SARS-CoV-2
AU  - de Medrano, V. Abril Lopez
AU  - de Lucas, E. Merino
AU  - Salavert Lleti, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Revista clinica espanola
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.rce.2020.04.004
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Treatment of the COVID-19 pandemic: Preventing a missed opportunity TT - El tratamiento de la pandemia por COVID 19. Ante la expectativa de evitar una oportunidad perdida
AU  - Corral Gudino, L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Revista clinica espanola
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.rce.2020.04.005
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Laboratory testing of SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2 (2019-nCoV): Current status, challenges, and countermeasures
AU  - Yan, Ying
AU  - Chang, Le
AU  - Wang, Lunan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Emerging and reemerging infectious diseases are global public concerns. With the outbreak of unknown pneumonia in Wuhan, China in December 2019, a new coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2 has been attracting tremendous attention. Rapid and accurate laboratory testing of SARS-CoV-2 is essential for early discovery, early reporting, early quarantine, early treatment, and cutting off epidemic transmission. The genome structure, transmission, and pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 are basically similar to SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, the other two beta-CoVs of medical importance. During the SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV epidemics, a variety of molecular and serological diagnostic assays were established and should be referred to for SARS-CoV-2. In this review, by summarizing the articles and guidelines about specimen collection, nucleic acid tests (NAT) and serological tests for SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2, several suggestions are put forward to improve the laboratory testing of SARS-CoV-2. In summary, for NAT: collecting stool and blood samples at later periods of illness to improve the positive rate if lower respiratory tract specimens are unavailable; increasing template volume to raise the sensitivity of detection; putting samples in reagents containing guanidine salt to inactivate virus as well as protect RNA; setting proper positive, negative and inhibition controls to ensure high-quality results; simultaneously amplifying human RNase P gene to avoid false-negative results. For antibody test, diverse assays targeting different antigens, and collecting paired samples are needed.
JO  - Reviews in medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - e2106-e2106
SP  - e2106
EP  - e2106
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/rmv.2106
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 outbreak: an elusive enemy
AU  - Kikuchi, Toshiaki
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A novel coronavirus, officially termed as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV-2, emerged in Wuhan, China, toward the end of 2019. Just four months later, more than 100,000 people were diagnosed with COVID-19, the resulting disease. The genetic analysis of SARS-CoV-2 revealed that this virus is a new Betacoronavirus, closely related to bat-derived SARS-like coronaviruses. Clinical data from hospitals in China have revealed that approximately 10% of the infected patients have severe disease requiring intensive care. Since containment of the outbreak may have partially failed due to asymptomatic transmission, it is imperative to accelerate the development of rapid point-of-care diagnostic tests, vaccines, and therapeutics for the COVID-19 epidemic. A novel coronavirus — officially named as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV-2 by the authorities — emerged in Wuhan, China, toward the end of 2019 [1, 2]. Just four months later, more than 100,000 cases have been diagnosed with the resulting disease, COVID-19, in more than 100 countries at the time of writing this paper [3]. Not only does mainland China have the most number of reported cases (94.4%), but its case-fatality rate is also relatively higher than that of other countries as of February 28, 2020 (China: 3.5%, 2,791 deaths among 78,961 confirmed cases; other countries: 1.4%, 67 deaths among 4,691 confirmed cases) [4]. In an attempt to restrict the outbreak, China quickly implemented an unprecedented measure of quarantining 35 million people in Wuhan and several other cities, but its impact on slowing the global spread of the virus now seems inadequate. In fact, the number of cases in local human-to-human transmission kept soaring in several countries as of March 25, 2020: Italy 63,927 cases, United States of America 42,164 cases, and Spain 33,089 cases [3]. In Japan, 1,128 cases were confirmed based on positive viral nucleic acid test results, and the overall case-fatality rate was 3.7% (i.e., 42 deaths) [3].
JO  - Respiratory Investigation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resinv.2020.03.006
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212534520300423
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Can Global Pharmaceutical Supply Chains Scale Up Sustainably for the COVID-19 Crisis?
AU  - Yu, Derrick Ethelbhert C.
AU  - Razon, Luis F.
AU  - Tan, Raymond R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Resources, Conservation and Recycling
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 104868-104868
SP  - 104868
EP  - 104868
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.104868
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921344920301877
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Brave New World: Lessons from the COVID-19 Pandemic for Transitioning to Sustainable Supply and Production
AU  - Sarkis, Joseph
AU  - Cohen, Maurie J.
AU  - Dewick, Paul
AU  - Schröder, Patrick
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Resources, Conservation and Recycling
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 104894-104894
SP  - 104894
EP  - 104894
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.104894
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921344920302123
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Safety signals for QT prolongation or Torsades de Pointes associated with azithromycin with or without chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine
AU  - Sarayani, Amir
AU  - Cicali, Brian
AU  - Henriksen, Carl H.
AU  - Brown, Joshua D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background Combinations of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and azithromycin have been promoted as treatments for COVID-19 based on small, uncontrolled clinical trials that have not assessed potential risks. Risks of treatment include QT segment prolongation, Torsades de Pointes (TdP), and death. This comparative pharmacovigilance analysis evaluated the risk of these events. Methods Data from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) (>13 million total reports) were used. Queries extracted reports based on exposures of HCQ/chloroquine (CQ) alone, azithromycin alone, HCQ/CQ + azithromycin, amoxicillin alone, HCQ/CQ + amoxicillin alone. Amoxicillin served as a control. Events of interest included death and TdP/QT prolongation as well as accidents/injuries and depression as control events. Proportional Reporting Ratios (PRR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated where a lower limit of the of 95% CI (Lower95CI) value of ≥2.0 is interpreted as a potential safety signal. Results Lower95CIs for HCQ/CQ alone showed no potential safety signals for TdP/QT prolongation, death, or any of the control events included. The PRRs and 95% CIs for TdP/QT prolongation was 1.43 (1.29–2.59) with HCQ/CQ use alone and 4.10 (3.80–4.42) for azithromycin alone. For the combined HCQ/CQ + azithromycin group, the PRR and 95% CI was 3.77 (1.80–7.87). For the control of amoxicillin, there were no safety signals when used alone or in combination with HCQ/CQ. Conclusions HCQ/CQ use was not associated with a safety signal in this analysis of FAERS data. However, azithromycin used alone was associated with TdP/QT prolongation events and should be used with caution.
JO  - Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2020.04.016
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1551741120303910
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Community Pharmacists: On the frontline of health service against COVID-19 in LMICs
AU  - Hedima, Erick Wesley
AU  - Adeyemi, Michael Samuel
AU  - Ikunaiye, Nasiru Yakubu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 outbreak is a global public health crisis which has affected healthcare practice across professions. In the context of this pandemic, there is a need to highlight the roles and responsibilities of pharmacists. Community pharmacists are the most accessible healthcare professionals to the general public and have a lot to offer amid the COVID-19 response. This have led to significant changes in the health systems of many countries. This article seeks to highlight additional roles and activities relating to the public health response that can be undertaken by community pharmacists that could help to reduce pressure on general practice and other areas of the health service.
JO  - Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2020.04.013
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1551741120303855
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Community pharmacists: On the frontline of health service against COVID-19
AU  - Hedima, Erick Wesley
AU  - Adeyemi, Michael Samuel
AU  - Ikunaiye, Nasiru Yakubu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 outbreak is a global public health crisis which has affected healthcare practice across professions. In the context of this pandemic, there is a need to highlight the roles and responsibilities of pharmacists. Community pharmacists are the most accessible healthcare professionals to the general public and have a lot to offer amid the COVID-19 response. This have led to significant changes in the health systems of many countries. This article seeks to highlight additional roles and activities relating to the public health response that can be undertaken by community pharmacists that could help to reduce pressure on general practice and other areas of the health service.
JO  - Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2020.04.017
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1551741120303818
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How effective response to COVID-19 relies on nursing research
AU  - Lake, Eileen T.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Research in Nursing & Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/nur.22025
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/nur.22025
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Nursing research is coronavirus research
AU  - D'Antonio, Patricia
AU  - Naylor, Mary
AU  - Aiken, Linda
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Research in Nursing & Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/nur.22024
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/nur.22024
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Contact Activation System as a Potential Therapeutic Target in Patients with COVID-19
AU  - Shatzel, J. J.
AU  - DeLoughery, E. P.
AU  - Lorentz, C. U.
AU  - Tucker, E. I.
AU  - Aslan, J. E.
AU  - Hinds, M. T.
AU  - Gailani, D.
AU  - Weitz, J. I.
AU  - McCarty, O. J. T.
AU  - Gruber, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract COVID-19 is predicted to overwhelm healthcare capacity in the US and worldwide and as such interventions that could prevent clinical decompensation and respiratory compromise in infected patients are desperately needed. Excessive cytokine release and activation of coagulation appear to be key drivers of COVID-19 pneumonia and associated mortality. Contact activation has been linked to pathologic upregulation of both inflammatory mediators and coagulation and accumulating preclinical and clinical data suggest it to be a rational therapeutic target in COVID-19 patients. Pharmacological inhibition of the interaction between coagulation factors XI and XII has been shown to prevent consumptive coagulopathy, pathologic systemic inflammatory response, and mortality in at least 2 types of experimental sepsis. Importantly, inhibition of contact activation also prevented death from S. aureus-induced lethal systemic inflammatory response syndrome in nonhuman primates. The contact system is likely dispensable for hemostasis, and may not be needed for host immunity, suggesting it to be a reasonably safe target that will not result in immunosuppression or bleeding. As a few drugs targeting contact activation are already in clinical development, immediate clinical trials for their use in COVID-19 patients are potentially feasible for the prevention or treatment of respiratory distress.
JO  - Research and Practice in Thrombosis and Haemostasis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/rth2.12349
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/rth2.12349
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 and the Testis: similarity to other viruses and routes of infection
AU  - Cardona Maya, Walter D.
AU  - Du Plessis, Stefan S.
AU  - Velilla, Paula A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since the latest coronavirus outbreak, the number of infected individuals and COVID-19 cases have been increasing exponentially worldwide. Of interest is the evidence that orchitis can develop due coronavirus infection. Therefore, it is not unreasonable to believe that the latest coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, could be transmitted by semen. Consequently, it is paramount that individuals who could potentially be infected take all possible care to mitigate the likely risk of infection through sexual intercourse.
JO  - Reproductive BioMedicine Online
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rbmo.2020.04.009
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1472648320301887
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Diagnostic Performance of CT and Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction for Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Meta-Analysis
AU  - Kim, Hyungjin
AU  - Hong, Hyunsook
AU  - Yoon, Soon Ho
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background Recent studies have suggested that chest computed tomography (CT) scans could be used as a primary screening or diagnostic tool for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in epidemic areas. Purpose To perform a meta-analysis to evaluate diagnostic performance measures, including predictive values, of chest CT and initial reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Materials and Methods MEDLINE and Embase were searched from January 1, 2020 to April 3, 2020 for studies on COVID-19 that reported the sensitivity and/or specificity of CT scans and/or RT-PCR assays. The pooled sensitivity and specificity were estimated by using random-effects models. The actual prevalence (i.e., the proportion of confirmed patients among those tested) in eight countries was obtained from web sources, and the predictive values were calculated. Meta-regression was performed to reveal the effect of potential explanatory factors on the diagnostic performance measures. Results The pooled sensitivity was 94% (95% CI: 91%, 96%; I(2)=95%) for chest CT and 89% (95% CI: 81%, 94%; I(2)=90%) for RT-PCR. The pooled specificity was 37% (95% CI: 26%, 50%; I(2)=83%) for chest CT. The prevalence of COVID-19 outside China ranged from 1.0% to 22.9%. For chest CT scans, the positive predictive value (PPV) ranged from 1.5% to 30.7%, and the negative predictive value (NPV) ranged from 95.4% to 99.8%. For RT-PCR,the PPV ranged from 47.3% to 96.4%, while the NPV ranged from 96.8% to 99.9%. The sensitivity of CT was affected by the distribution of disease severity, the proportion of patients with comorbidities, and the proportion of asymptomatic patients (all p < 0.05). The sensitivity of RT-PCR was negatively associated with the proportion of elderly patients (p = 0.01). Conclusion Outside of China where there is a low-prevalence of COVID-19 (1-22.9%), chest CT screening of patients with suspected disease had low positive predictive value (1.5-30.7%).
JO  - Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 201343-201343
SP  - 201343
EP  - 201343
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1148/radiol.2020201343
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Well-aerated Lung on Admitting Chest CT to Predict Adverse Outcome in COVID-19 Pneumonia
AU  - Colombi, Davide
AU  - Bodini, Flavio C.
AU  - Petrini, Marcello
AU  - Maffi, Gabriele
AU  - Morelli, Nicola
AU  - Milanese, Gianluca
AU  - Silva, Mario
AU  - Sverzellati, Nicola Prof
AU  - Michieletti, Emanuele
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background Computed tomography (CT) of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) disease depicts the extent of lung involvement in COVID-19 pneumonia. Purpose The aim of the study was to determine the value of quantification of the well-aerated lung obtained at baseline chest CT for determining prognosis in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. Materials and Methods Patients who underwent chest CT suspected for COVID-19 pneumonia at the emergency department admission between February 17 to March 10, 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients with negative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for SARS-CoV-2 in nasal-pharyngeal swabs, negative chest CT, and incomplete clinical data were excluded. CT was analyzed for quantification of well aerated lung visually (%V-WAL) and by open-source software (%S-WAL and absolute volume, VOL-WAL). Clinical parameters included demographics, comorbidities, symptoms and symptom duration, oxygen saturation and laboratory values. Logistic regression was used to evaluate relationship between clinical parameters and CT metrics versus patient outcome (ICU admission/death vs. no ICU admission/ death). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was calculated to determine model performance. Results The study included 236 patients (females 59/123, 25%; median age, 68 years). A %V-WAL<73% (OR, 5.4; 95% CI, 2.7-10.8; P<0.001), %S-WAL<71% (OR, 3.8; 95% CI, 1.9-7.5; P<0.001), and VOL-WAL<2.9 L (OR, 2.6; 95% CI, 1.2-5.8; P<0.01) were predictors of ICU admission/death. In comparison with clinical model containing only clinical parameters (AUC, 0.83), all three quantitative models showed higher diagnostic performance (AUC 0.86 for all models). The models containing %V-WAL<73% and VOL-WAL<2.9L were superior in terms of performance as compared to the models containing only clinical parameters (P=0.04 for both models). Conclusion In patients with confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia, visual or software quantification the extent of CT lung abnormality were predictors of ICU admission or death.
JO  - Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 201433-201433
SP  - 201433
EP  - 201433
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1148/radiol.2020201433
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - CORONAVIRUS AND RADIOLOGY. CONSIDERATIONS ON THE CRISIS
AU  - Mendoza, Luis H. Ros
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Radiología (English Edition)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rxeng.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2173510720300380
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus y radiología. Consideraciones sobre la crisis
AU  - Ros Mendoza, Luis H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Radiología
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rx.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0033833820300540
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Point of Care and Intensive Care Lung Ultrasound: A Reference Guide for Practitioners During COVID-19
AU  - Moore, Stephen
AU  - Gardiner, Elaine
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objectives Current events with the recent COVID-19 outbreak are necessitating steep learning curves for the NHS workforce. Ultrasound, although not used in the diagnosis of COVID-19 may be utilised by practitioners at the point of care (POC) or on the intensive care units (ITUs) where rapid assessment of the lung condition may be required. The aim of this article was to review current literature surrounding the use of lung ultrasound in relation to COVID-19 and provide Sonographers with a quick and digestible reference guide for lung pathologies. Key Findings Ultrasound is being used in Italy and China to help review lung condition during the COVID-19 outbreak however not strictly as a diagnostic tool as Computed Tomography (CT) of the chest and chest radiographs are currently gold standard. Ultrasound is highly sensitive in the detection of multiple lung pathologies which can be demonstrated in conjunction with COVID-19 however to date there are no specific, nor pathognomonic findings which relate to COVID-19 on ultrasound. Conclusion Lung ultrasound is highly sensitive and can quickly and accurately review lung condition creating potential to assess for changes or resolution over time, especially in the ITU and POC setting. However it should not be used as a diagnostic tool for COVID-19 due to low specificity in relation to the virus. Implications for practice The adoption of lung ultrasound to monitor lung condition during the COVID-19 outbreak may reduce the need for serial exposure to ionising radiation on the wards and in turn reduce the number of radiographers required to attend infected wards and bays, protecting both patients and the workforce.
JO  - Radiography
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radi.2020.04.005
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1078817420300572
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Rapid point-of-care testing for SARS-CoV-2 in a community screening setting shows low sensitivity
AU  - Döhla, M.
AU  - Boesecke, C.
AU  - Schulte, B.
AU  - Diegmann, C.
AU  - Sib, E.
AU  - Richter, E.
AU  - Eschbach-Bludau, M.
AU  - Aldabbagh, S.
AU  - Marx, B.
AU  - Eis-Hübinger, A. M.
AU  - Schmithausen, R. M.
AU  - Streeck, H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective With the current SARS-CoV2 outbreak, countless tests need to be performed on potential symptomatic individuals, contacts and travellers. The gold standard is a quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR)–based system taking several hours to confirm positivity. For effective public health containment measures, this time span is too long. We therefore evaluated a rapid test in a high-prevalence community setting. Study design Thirty-nine randomly selected individuals at a COVID-19 screening centre were simultaneously tested via qPCR and a rapid test. Ten previously diagnosed individuals with known SARS-CoV-2 infection were also analysed. Methods The evaluated rapid test is an IgG/IgM–based test for SARS-CoV-2 with a time to result of 20 min. Two drops of blood are needed for the test performance. Results Of 49 individuals, 22 tested positive by repeated qPCR. In contrast, the rapid test detected only eight of those positive correctly (sensitivity: 36.4%). Of the 27 qPCR-negative individuals, 24 were detected correctly (specificity: 88.9%). Conclusion Given the low sensitivity, we recommend not to rely on an antibody-based rapid test for public health measures such as community screenings.
JO  - Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2020.04.009
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0033350620301141
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Addressing mental health care for bereavements during COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Sun, Yankun
AU  - Bao, Yanping
AU  - Lu, Lin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/pcn.13008
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Crystal structure of Nsp15 endoribonuclease NendoU from SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Kim, Youngchang
AU  - Jedrzejczak, Robert
AU  - Maltseva, Natalia I.
AU  - Wilamowski, Mateusz
AU  - Endres, Michael
AU  - Godzik, Adam
AU  - Michalska, Karolina
AU  - Joachimiak, Andrzej
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is rapidly spreading around the world. There is no existing vaccine or proven drug to prevent infections and stop virus proliferation. Although this virus is similar to human and animal SARS- and MERS-CoVs, the detailed information about SARS-CoV-2 proteins structures and functions is urgently needed to rapidly develop effective vaccines, antibodies and antivirals. We applied high-throughput protein production and structure determination pipeline at the Center for Structural Genomics of Infectious Diseases to produce SARS-CoV-2 proteins and structures. Here we report two high-resolution crystal structures of endoribonuclease Nsp15/NendoU. We compare these structures with previously reported homologs from SARS and MERS coronaviruses. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/pro.3873
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recapitulation of SARS-CoV-2 infection and cholangiocyte damage with human liver ductal organoids
AU  - Zhao, Bing
AU  - Ni, Chao
AU  - Gao, Ran
AU  - Wang, Yuyan
AU  - Yang, Li
AU  - Wei, Jinsong
AU  - Lv, Ting
AU  - Liang, Jianqing
AU  - Zhang, Qisheng
AU  - Xu, Wei
AU  - Xie, Youhua
AU  - Wang, Xiaoyue
AU  - Yuan, Zhenghong
AU  - Liang, Junbo
AU  - Zhang, Rong
AU  - Lin, Xinhua
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Protein & Cell
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-5
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s13238-020-00718-6
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s13238-020-00718-6
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The impact of 2019 novel coronavirus on heart injury: A systemic review and Meta-analysis
AU  - Li, Jing-Wei
AU  - Han, Tian-Wen
AU  - Woodward, Mark
AU  - Anderson, Craig S.
AU  - Zhou, Hao
AU  - Chen, Yun-Dai
AU  - Neal, Bruce
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background Evidence about COVID-19 on cardiac injury is inconsistent. Objectives We aimed to summarize available data on severity differences in acute cardiac injury and acute cardiac injury with mortality during the COVID-19 outbreak. Methods We performed a systematic literature search across Pubmed, Embase and pre-print from December 1, 2019 to March 27, 2020, to identify all observational studies that reported cardiac specific biomarkers (troponin, creatine kinase–MB fraction, myoglobin, or NT-proBNP) during COVID-19 infection. We extracted data on patient demographics, infection severity, comorbidity history, and biomarkers during COVID-19 infection. Where possible, data were pooled for meta-analysis with standard (SMD) or weighted (WMD) mean difference and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results We included 4189 confirmed COVID-19 infected patients from 28 studies. More severe COVID-19 infection is associated with higher mean troponin (SMD 0.53, 95% CI 0.30 to 0.75, p < 0.001), with a similar trend for creatine kinase–MB, myoglobin, and NT-proBNP. Acute cardiac injury was more frequent in those with severe, compared to milder, disease (risk ratio 5.99, 3.04 to 11.80; p < 0.001). Meta regression suggested that cardiac injury biomarker differences of severity are related to history of hypertension (p = 0.030). Also COVID19-related cardiac injury is associated with higher mortality (summary risk ratio 3.85, 2.13 to 6.96; p < 0.001). hsTnI and NT-proBNP levels increased during the course of hospitalization only in non-survivors. Conclusion The severity of COVID-19 is associated with acute cardiac injury, and acute cardiac injury is associated with death. Cardiac injury biomarkers mainly increase in non-survivors. This highlights the need to effectively monitor heart health to prevent myocarditis in patients infected with COVID-19.
JO  - Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcad.2020.04.008
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0033062020300803
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Impact of COVID-19 in Psychiatry
AU  - Yahya, Ahmed Saeed
AU  - Khawaja, Shakil
AU  - Chukwuma, Jude
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The primary care companion for CNS disorders
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 22
IS  - 2
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4088/PCC.20l02627
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preterm delivery in pregnant woman with critical COVID-19 pneumonia and vertical transmission
AU  - Zamaniyan, Marzieh
AU  - Ebadi, Aghdas
AU  - Aghajanpoor Mir, Samaneh
AU  - Rahmani, Zahra
AU  - Haghshenas, Mohammadreza
AU  - Azizi, Setareh
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Prenatal diagnosis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/pd.5713
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus and diabetes: an update
AU  - Seewoodhary, Jason
AU  - Oozageer, Ravi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Practical Diabetes
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 37
IS  - 2
PG  - 41-42
SP  - 41
EP  - 42
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/pdi.2260
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/pdi.2260
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Postdigital in Pandemic Times: a Comment on the Covid-19 Crisis and its Political Epistemologies
AU  - Coeckelbergh, Mark
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Postdigital Science and Education
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s42438-020-00119-2
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s42438-020-00119-2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and the policy sciences: initial reactions and perspectives
AU  - Weible, Christopher M.
AU  - Nohrstedt, Daniel
AU  - Cairney, Paul
AU  - Carter, David P.
AU  - Crow, Deserai A.
AU  - Durnová, Anna P.
AU  - Heikkila, Tanya
AU  - Ingold, Karin
AU  - McConnell, Allan
AU  - Stone, Diane
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The world is in the grip of a crisis that stands unprecedented in living memory. The COVID-19 pandemic is urgent, global in scale, and massive in impacts. Following Harold D. Lasswell’s goal for the policy sciences to offer insights into unfolding phenomena, this commentary draws on the lessons of the policy sciences literature to understand the dynamics related to COVID-19. We explore the ways in which scientific and technical expertise, emotions, and narratives influence policy decisions and shape relationships among citizens, organizations, and governments. We discuss varied processes of adaptation and change, including learning, surges in policy responses, alterations in networks (locally and globally), implementing policies across transboundary issues, and assessing policy success and failure. We conclude by identifying understudied aspects of the policy sciences that deserve attention in the pandemic’s aftermath.
JO  - Policy Sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-17
SP  - 1
EP  - 17
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11077-020-09381-4
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11077-020-09381-4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Responsibilities of Weaning Centers during the COVID-19 Pandemic Outbreak - Recommendations for the Assignment of ICU Capacities in COVID-19 Patients as shown by the Berlin-Brandenburg POST-SAVE-Model TT - Aufgaben der Weaning-Zentren im Pandemiefall COV
AU  - Wiesner, B.
AU  - Bachmann, M.
AU  - Blum, T. G.
AU  - Forchheim, S.
AU  - Geiseler, J.
AU  - Kassin, A.
AU  - Kretzschmar, E.
AU  - Weber-Carstens, S.
AU  - Westhoff, M.
AU  - Witzenrath, M.
AU  - Grohe, C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The enormous increase in patients with severe respiratory distress due to the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak requires a systematic approach to optimize ventilated patient at risk flow. A standardised algorithm called "SAVE" was developed to distribute patients with COVID-19 respiratory distress syndrome requiring invasive ventilation. This program is established by now in Berlin. An instrumental bottleneck of this approach is the vacant slot assignment in the intensive care unit to guarantee constant patient flow. The transfer of the patients after acute care treatment is needed urgently to facilitate the weaning process. In a next step we developed a triage algorithm to identify patients at SAVE intensive care units with potential to wean and transfer to weaning institutions - we called POST SAVE. This manuscript highlights the algorithms including the use of a standardised digital evaluation tool, the use of trained navigators to facilitate the communication between SAVE intensive care units and weaning institutions and the establishment of a prospective data registry for patient assignment and reevaluation of the weaning potential in the future. Die enorme Zunahme von Patienten mit schwerer respiratorischer Insuffizienz aufgrund der COVID19-Pandemie erfordert einen systematischen Ansatz zur Optimierung der Betreuung von beatmeten Patienten. Ein standardisierter Algorithmus namens SAVE wurde in Berlin entwickelt, um Patienten mit COVID-19-Infektion, die eine invasive Beatmung benotigen, zu lenken. Um Bettenkapazitaten auf den Intensivstationen sicherzustellen, muss eine konstante Patientenentlassung gewahrleistet sein. Ein strukturierter Entlassungsprozess der Patienten nach der Akutbehandlung ist dringend erforderlich. In einem nachsten Schritt haben wir einen Triage-Algorithmus entwickelt, um Patienten auf SAVE-Intensivstationen zu identifizieren, die das Potenzial haben, von der Beatmung entwohnt zu werden und in dafur spezialisierte Einrichtungen zu verlegen. Dieser Prozess ist das POST-SAVE-Konzept. In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden die Algorithmen dargestellt, einschlieSSlich der Verwendung einer standardisierten digitalen Datenbank, der Verwendung geschulter Lotsen zur Erleichterung der Kommunikation zwischen SAVE-Intensivstationen und Weaningeinheiten und der Etablierung eines prospektiven Datenregisters, um Patienten dauerhaft hinsichtlich ihres Weaningpotenzials reevaluieren zu konnen.
JO  - Pneumologie (Stuttgart, Germany)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1055/a-1153-9710
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recommendations for Performing Bronchoscopy in Times of the COVID-19 Pandemic TT - Empfehlungen zur Durchfuhrung einer Bronchoskopie in Zeiten der COVID-19-Pandemie
AU  - Darwiche, K.
AU  - Ross, B.
AU  - Gesierich, W.
AU  - Petermann, C.
AU  - Huebner, R. H.
AU  - Grah, C.
AU  - Gompelmann, D.
AU  - Hetzel, J.
AU  - Holland, A.
AU  - Eisenmann, S.
AU  - Stanzel, F.
AU  - Kempa, A.
AU  - Conrad, K.
AU  - Eberhardt, R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19, caused by coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is a new and ongoing infectious disease affecting healthcare systems worldwide. Healthcare worker are at high risk for COIVD-19 and many have been infected or even died in countries severely affected by COVID-19 like China or Italy. Bronchoscopy causes cough and aerosol production and has to be considered a significant risk for the staff to get infected. Particular recommendations should guide to prevent spreading COVID-19 and to protect healthcare worker when performing a bronchoscopy. COVID-19, ausgelost durch Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, ist eine neue, sich pandemisch ausbreitenden Infektionserkrankung, welche aktuell weltweit zu einer erheblichen Belastung der Gesundheitssysteme gefuhrt hat. Krankenhausmitarbeiter stellen in Landern mit hoher Krankheitsaktivitat, wie China oder Italien, einen signifikanten Anteil der an COVID-19 Erkrankten und Verstorbenen dar. Bronchoskopische Untersuchungen fuhren beim untersuchten Patienten zu Hustenreiz und Aerosolbildung und beinhalten daher ein erhohtes Infektionsrisiko fur das Untersuchungsteam und fur andere Patienten. In der aktuellen Pandemie sind daher besondere MaSSnahmen bei der Durchfuhrung bronchoskopischer Untersuchungen zu beachten, um das Infektionsrisiko zu senken.
JO  - Pneumologie (Stuttgart, Germany)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1055/a-1154-1814
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Perceptions of the adult US population regarding the novel coronavirus outbreak
AU  - McFadden, SarahAnn M.
AU  - Malik, Amyn A.
AU  - Aguolu, Obianuju G.
AU  - Willebrand, Kathryn S.
AU  - Omer, Saad B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak is spreading globally. Although COVID-19 has now been declared a pandemic and risk for infection in the United States (US) is currently high, at the time of survey administration the risk of infection in the US was low. It is important to understand the public perception of risk and trust in sources of information to better inform public health messaging. In this study, we surveyed the adult US population to understand their risk perceptions about the COVID-19 outbreak. We used an online platform to survey 718 adults in the US in early February 2020 using a questionnaire that we developed. Our sample was fairly similar to the general adult US population in terms of age, gender, race, ethnicity and education. We found that 69% of the respondents wanted the scientific/public health leadership (either the CDC Director or NIH Director) to lead the US response to COVID-19 outbreak as compared to 14% who wanted the political leadership (either the president or Congress) to lead the response. Risk perception was low (median score of 5 out of 10) with the respondents trusting health professionals and health officials for information on COVID-19. The majority of respondents were in favor of strict infection prevention policies to control the outbreak. Given our results, the public health/scientific leadership should be at the forefront of the COVID-19 response to promote trust.
JO  - PLOS ONE
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 15
IS  - 4
PG  - e0231808-e0231808
SP  - e0231808
EP  - e0231808
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1371/journal.pone.0231808
UR  - https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0231808
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Essential Role of Home- and Community-Based Physical Therapists During the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Falvey, Jason R.
AU  - Krafft, Cindy
AU  - Kornetti, Diana
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Physical Therapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/ptj/pzaa069
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/ptj/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ptj/pzaa069/5820965
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Impact of COVID-19 on Physical Therapist Practice in Portugal
AU  - Alpalhão, Vanessa
AU  - Alpalhão, Miguel
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Physical Therapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/ptj/pzaa071
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/ptj/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ptj/pzaa071/5820964
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Rattrapage vaccinal en pratique: des documents utiles
AU  - Dommergues, M. A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Perfectionnement en Pédiatrie
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.perped.2020.04.004
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2588932X20300607
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Management for patients with pediatric surgical disease during the COVID-19 epidemic
AU  - Zhou, Yan
AU  - Xu, Hang
AU  - Li, Long
AU  - Ren, Xianghai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Pediatric Surgery International 2020
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/S00383-020-04656-6
UR  - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00383-020-04656-6
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - FECAL-ORAL TRANSMISSION OF SARS-COV-2 IN CHILDREN: IS IT TIME TO CHANGE OUR APPROACH?
AU  - Donà, Daniele
AU  - Minotti, Chiara
AU  - Costenaro, Paola
AU  - Da Dalt, Liviana
AU  - Giaquinto, Carlo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Starting from 2 pediatric cases of COVID-19, with confirmation at nasopharyngeal and rectal swabs, we considered the lesson learnt from previous Coronavirus epidemics and reviewed evidence on the current outbreak. Surveillance with rectal swabs might be extended to infants and children, for the implications for household contacts and isolation timing.
JO  - The Pediatric infectious disease journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1097/INF.0000000000002704
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Paediatric Anaesthetic implications of COVID-19 – A Review of Current Literature
AU  - Lee-Archer, Paul
AU  - von Ungern-Sternberg, Britta S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Summary Paediatric anaesthetists have an important role to play in the management of patients suspected or confirmed to have COVID-19. In many institutions, the COVID-19 intubation teams are staffed with anaesthetists as the proceduralists working throughout the hospitals also in the ICU and Emergency Departments. As practitioners who perform aerosol generating procedures involving the airway, we are at high risk of exposure to the virus SARS-CoV-2 and need to ensure we are well-prepared and trained to manage such cases. This article reviews the relevant paediatric literature surrounding COVID-19 and summarises the key recommendations for anaesthetists involved in the care of children during this pandemic.
JO  - Pediatric Anesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/pan.13889
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/pan.13889
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Isolation protocol for a COVID-2019 patient requiring emergent surgical intervention: case presentation
AU  - Firstenberg, Michael S.
AU  - Libby, Matthew
AU  - Ochs, Michael
AU  - Hanna, Jennifer
AU  - Mangino, Julie E.
AU  - Forrester, Joseph
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The concerns of the highly contagious and morbid nature of Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-2019) have prompted healthcare workers to implement strict droplet and contact isolation precautions. Unfortunately, some patients who may be or presumptively or confirmed as infected with COVID-2019 may also require emergent surgical procedures. As such, given the high-risk for exposure of many healthcare workers involved the complex requirements for appropriate isolation must be adhered to. We present our experience with a 77-year-old who required emergency cardiac surgery for a presumed acute aortic syndrome in the setting of a presumed, and eventually confirmed, COVID-2019 infection. We outline the necessary steps to maintain strict isolation precautions to limit potential exposure to the surgical Team. We hereby provide our algorithm for emergent surgical procedures in critically-ill patients with presumptive or confirmed infection with COVID-2019. The insights from this case report can potentially be templated to other facilities in order to uphold high standards of infection prevention and patient safety in surgery during the current COVID-19 pandemic.
JO  - Patient Safety in Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 14
IS  - 1
PG  - 15-15
SP  - 15
EP  - 15
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s13037-020-00243-9
UR  - https://pssjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13037-020-00243-9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel Coronavirus: Current Understanding of Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Pathogenesis, and Treatment Options
AU  - Mungroo, Mohammad Ridwane
AU  - Khan, Naveed Ahmed
AU  - Siddiqui, Ruqaiyyah
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has resulted in devastating consequences worldwide and infected more than 350,000 individuals and killed more than 16,000 people. SARS-CoV-2 is the seventh member of the coronavirus family to affect humans. Symptoms of COVID-19 include fever (88%), cough (68%), vomiting (5%) and diarrhoea (3.7%), and transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is thought to occur from human to human via respiratory secretions released by the infected individuals when coughing and sneezing. COVID-19 can be detected through computed tomography scans and confirmed through molecular diagnostics tools such as polymerase chain reaction. Currently, there are no effective treatments against SARS-CoV-2, hence antiviral drugs have been used to reduce the development of respiratory complications by reducing viral load. The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive update on the pathogenesis, clinical aspects, diagnosis, challenges and treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infections.
JO  - Pathogens 2020, Vol. 9, Page 297
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 9
IS  - 4
PG  - 297-297
SP  - 297
EP  - 297
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/PATHOGENS9040297
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/9/4/297
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Virtual assistance in oral medicine for prioritizing oral cancer diagnosis during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Lopes, Marcio Ajudarte
AU  - Santos-Silva, Alan Roger
AU  - Vargas, Pablo Agustin
AU  - Kowalski, Luiz Paulo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oooo.2020.04.009
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212440320301632
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Strategies for Prevention of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in the Dental Field
AU  - Lee, Yeon-Hee
AU  - Auh, Q. Schick
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, which began in Wuhan, China in December 2019, has become a huge public health issue in China and worldwide, spanning across Asia, including South Korea, Europe, North America, South America, and Oceania (Phelan, Katz, & Gostin, 2020). The fatality rate is 0.2 deaths per 100,000 persons per week globally. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 outbreak a pandemic of international concern.
JO  - Oral Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/odi.13361
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/odi.13361
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The impact of coronavirus infectious disease 19 (COVID-19) on oral health
AU  - Dziedzic, Arkadiusz
AU  - Wojtyczka, Robert
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Recently emerged human-to-human transmission of COVID-19, a novel lethal strain (Chan et al., 2020) of coronavirus, caused a global pandemic burden, affecting hundreds of thousands of individuals, having life-threatening outcomes, not only in medically compromised persons but also in perfectly healthy young individuals with immunocompetent system. Apparently, this specific coronavirus must possess special abilities to spread and compromise the immune mechanisms in humans. Unfortunately, there are limited evidence-based data available, as, which is understandable clinicians and scientists must focus on life-saving aspects (Prompetchara et al., 2020). At the same time, the question arises, whether this strain possesses unique abilities to penetrate via oropharyngeal epithelial barriers and, which is even more intriguing, why infection of SARS-CoV-2 triggers such abnormal 'cytokine storm' and immunosuppression? For unknown reasons, SARS-CoV-2 does not seem to be effectively defeated by human first line protective mechanisms, neither biomolecular, nor cellular, as number of death cases in middle aged, healthy persons were reported, regardless their immune status (Mehta et al., 2020).
JO  - Oral diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/odi.13359
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The outbreak of Novel Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused a worrying delay in the diagnosis of oral cancer in north-west Italy: the Turin Metropolitan Area experience
AU  - Arduino, Paolo G.
AU  - Conrotto, Davide
AU  - Broccoletti, Roberto
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Recently, the epidemic of Novel Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a chief public health challenge for many countries around the world. In Italy, it started in January the 31st with the first 2 cases reported; on Monday the 13th of April, the total confirmed cases were 156.363 with 19.901 total deaths (www.who.int). Turin is the fourth Italian city, with roughly 862.000 inhabitants, and the capital of Piedmont region, one of the most affected by COVID-19.
JO  - Oral Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/odi.13362
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/odi.13362
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Symptomatic COVID-19 Infection in Eye Professionals in Wuhan China
AU  - Qiao, Chunyan
AU  - Zhang, Hui
AU  - He, Mingguang
AU  - Ying, Guishuang
AU  - Chen, Changzheng
AU  - Song, Yanping
AU  - Oatts, Julius
AU  - Liu, Zhonghua
AU  - Xing, Yiqiao
AU  - Xiao, Zefeng
AU  - Ke, Min
AU  - Ye, Ya
AU  - Chen, Xiaoniao
AU  - Luo, Jihong
AU  - Han, Ying
AU  - Wang, Ningli
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Ophthalmology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2020.04.026
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0161642020304036
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Tracking COVID-19 from a Journalist's Perspective with STAT's Helen Branswell
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Open Forum Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 7
IS  - 4
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/ofid/ofaa129
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/ofid/article/doi/10.1093/ofid/ofaa129/5821417
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A “One-Health” approach for diagnosis and molecular characterization of SARS-CoV-2 in Italy
AU  - Lorusso, Alessio
AU  - Calistri, Paolo
AU  - Mercante, Maria Teresa
AU  - Monaco, Federica
AU  - Portanti, Ottavio
AU  - Marcacci, Maurilia
AU  - Cammà, Cesare
AU  - Rinaldi, Antonio
AU  - Mangone, Iolanda
AU  - Di Pasquale, Adriano
AU  - Iommarini, Marino
AU  - Mattucci, Maria
AU  - Fazii, Paolo
AU  - Tarquini, Pierluigi
AU  - Mariani, Rinalda
AU  - Grimaldi, Alessandro
AU  - Morelli, Daniela
AU  - Migliorati, Giacomo
AU  - Savini, Giovanni
AU  - Borrello, Silvio
AU  - D'Alterio, Nicola
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The current pandemic is caused by a novel coronavirus (CoV) called SARS-CoV-2 (species Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus, subgenus Sarbecovirus, genus Betacoronavirus, family Coronaviridae). In Italy, up to the 2nd of April 2020, overall 139,422 confirmed cases and 17,669 deaths have been notified, while 26,491 people have recovered. Besides the overloading of hospitals, another issue to face was the capacity to perform thousands of tests per day. In this perspective, to support the National Health Care System and to minimize the impact of this rapidly spreading virus, the Italian Ministry of Health involved the Istituti Zooprofilattici Sperimentali (IZSs), Veterinary Public Health Institutes, in the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 by testing human samples. IZSAM, is currently testing more than 600 samples per day and WGS from positive samples. Sequence analysis of these samples suggested that outbreaks in Abruzzo region may be related to outbreaks of northern Italy and northern Europe, these latter as for the presence of mutations in the N protein. CoVs, and related diseases, are well known to veterinarians since decades. The experience that veterinarians operating within the Public health system gained in the control and characterization of previous health issues of livestock and poultry including avian flu, bluetongue, foot and mouth disease, responsible for huge economic losses, is certainly of great help to minimize the impact of this global crisis.
JO  - One Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 100135-100135
SP  - 100135
EP  - 100135
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.onehlt.2020.100135
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352771420300823
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Earth Day: 50 Years of Continuity and Change in Environmentalism
AU  - Dietz, Thomas
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In April 1970, the first Earth Day engaged millions of people in thousands of events around the US. Those events reflected the emergence of a new form of environmentalism. Many of the themes present 50 years ago persist, but in the US environmental issues have become more politically polarized, and it is unclear whether such value conflicts will persist in the future.
JO  - One Earth
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oneear.2020.04.003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590332220301548
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19, Cancer, and Financial Toxicity
AU  - Lyon, Debra
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - When I first started this editorial in early March, I was writing from my usual coffee shop location, and the media was starting to focus on COVID-19. The incidence of the virus was increasing across the world, and the word "pandemic"-although debated passionately at the time-was beginning to gain traction. All signs pointed to a disruption; however, the scale of that change has exceeded what most of us could have imagined in early March. Now, millions of Americans and people around the world are in self-isolation, quarantine, or lockdown. There have been roughly 1.4 million cases of COVID-19 and more than 83,000 deaths worldwide at the time of this writing (Johns Hopkins University and Medicine, 2020). Like most, with the exception of essential personnel, I am at home wondering what is going to happen next and trying to find any positive outcome to this crisis.
JO  - Oncology nursing forum
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 47
IS  - 3
PG  - 253-254
SP  - 253
EP  - 254
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1188/20.ONF.253-254
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Taking the Longer View of COVID-19
AU  - Chabner, Bruce A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The oncologist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1634/theoncologist.2020-0313
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Obstetricians on the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Front Lines and the Confusing World of Personal Protective Equipment
AU  - Jamieson, Denise J.
AU  - Steinberg, James P.
AU  - Martinello, Richard A.
AU  - Perl, Trish M.
AU  - Rasmussen, Sonja A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As health care systems struggle to maintain adequate supplies of personal protective equipment, there is confusion and anxiety among obstetricians and others about how to best protect themselves, their coworkers, and their patients. Although use of personal protective equipment is a critical strategy to protect health care personnel from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), other strategies also need to be implemented on labor and delivery units to reduce the risk of health care-associated transmission, including screening of all pregnant women who present for care (case identification), placing a mask on and rapidly isolating ill pregnant women, and minimizing the number of personnel who enter the room of an ill patient (physical distancing). Although the mechanism of transmission of COVID-19 is not known with certainty, current evidence suggests that COVID-19 is transmitted primarily through respiratory droplets. Therefore, strict adherence to hand hygiene and consistent use of recommended personal protective equipment are cornerstones for reducing transmission. In addition, it is critical that health care professionals receive training on and practice correct donning (putting on) and doffing (removing) of personal protective equipment and avoid touching their faces as well as their facial protection to minimize self-contamination.
JO  - Obstetrics and gynecology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1097/AOG.0000000000003919
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Bariatric Surgery in the Times of Corona
AU  - Tyagi, S. K.
AU  - Singhal, Rishi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Obesity Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-1
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11695-020-04589-y
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11695-020-04589-y
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cardiovascular disease potentially contributes to the progression and poor prognosis of COVID-19
AU  - Li, Mingyue
AU  - Dong, Yalan
AU  - Wang, Haijun
AU  - Guo, Weina
AU  - Zhou, Haifeng
AU  - Zhang, Zili
AU  - Tian, Chunxia
AU  - Du, Keye
AU  - Zhu, Rui
AU  - Wang, Li
AU  - Zhao, Lei
AU  - Fan, Heng
AU  - Luo, Shanshan
AU  - Hu, Desheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background A novel coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused pneumonia, Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), outbroke in Wuhan, China in December 2019, and spread all over the world. Patients with COVID-19 showed huge differences in the hospital stays, progression and prognosis. As reported, the comorbidities may play an important role in COVID-19. Here, we aim to address the role of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the progression and prognosis of COVID-19. Methods 83 confirmed COVID-19 patients were divided into the CVD (n=42) and non-CVD (n=41) group according to their medical history. Medical records information including demographic data, medical history, clinical characteristics, laboratory examinations, chest computed tomography (CT) as well as treatment measures were collected, analyzed and compared between two groups. Results COVID-19 patients with CVD showed: (1) more severe pathological changes in the lung, (2) elevated injury-related enzymes including α-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (HDBH), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT), creatine kinase (CK) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), (3) significantly increased uncontrolled inflammation related markers, such as c-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-6, serum ferritin, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and serum amyloid A (SAA), (4) serious hypercoagulable status reflected by increased D-dimer and serum fibrinogen (FIB), and (5) higher mortality, compared to COVID-19 patients without CVD. Conclusions Our data indicated that CVD is a strong risk factor for a rapid progression and bad prognosis of COVID-19. More intensive medical care should be applied to patients with CVD to prevent rapid deterioration of the disease.
JO  - Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2020.04.013
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0939475320301344
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pandémie de covid-19 : un grand défi nutritionnel, une réponse massive et coordonnée
AU  - Déchelotte, Pierre
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nutrition Clinique et Métabolisme
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nupar.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S098505622030460X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Key Vitamin D Target Genes with Functions in the Immune System
AU  - Koivisto, Oona
AU  - Hanel, Andrea
AU  - Carlberg, Carsten
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The biologically active form of vitamin D3, 1&alpha;,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3), modulates innate and adaptive immunity via genes regulated by the transcription factor vitamin D receptor (VDR). In order to identify the key vitamin D target genes involved in these processes, transcriptome-wide datasets were compared, which were obtained from a human monocytic cell line (THP-1) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) treated in vitro by 1,25(OH)2D3, filtered using different approaches, as well as from PBMCs of individuals supplemented with a vitamin D3 bolus. The led to the genes ACVRL1, CAMP, CD14, CD93, CEBPB, FN1, MAPK13, NINJ1, LILRB4, LRRC25, SEMA6B, SRGN, THBD, THEMIS2 and TREM1. Public epigenome- and transcriptome-wide data from THP-1 cells were used to characterize these genes based on the level of their VDR-driven enhancers as well as the level of the dynamics of their mRNA production. Both types of datasets allowed the categorization of the vitamin D target genes into three groups according to their role in (i) acute response to infection, (ii) infection in general and (iii) autoimmunity. In conclusion, 15 genes were identified as major mediators of the action of vitamin D in innate and adaptive immunity and their individual functions are explained based on different gene regulatory scenarios.
JO  - Nutrients 2020, Vol. 12, Page 1140
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 12
IS  - 4
PG  - 1140-1140
SP  - 1140
EP  - 1140
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/NU12041140
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/12/4/1140
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Which are overriding during a pandemic: Professional healthcare duties or personal interests?
AU  - Chan, Helen Yue-lai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nursing Ethics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 27
IS  - 3
PG  - 637-638
SP  - 637
EP  - 638
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/0969733020916668
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1177/0969733020916668
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Facing two deadly viruses
AU  - Yeung, Peter
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As covid-19 begins to take hold, the Democratic Republic of the Congo has detected its first new Ebola cases in months, reports Peter Yeung
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 246
IS  - 3278
PG  - 7-7
SP  - 7
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30743-0
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920307430
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Concern coronavirus may trigger post-viral fatigue syndromes
AU  - Wilson, Clare
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 246
IS  - 3278
PG  - 10-11
SP  - 10
EP  - 11
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30746-6
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920307466
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How Hubei fought the virus
AU  - Lu, Donna
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Doctors on the front line in the Chinese province where the coronavirus outbreak started tell Donna Lu about their experiences treating covid-19
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 246
IS  - 3278
PG  - 8-9
SP  - 8
EP  - 9
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30744-2
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920307442
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Australia keeps a lid on covid-19 – for now
AU  - Klein, Alice
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 246
IS  - 3278
PG  - 10-10
SP  - 10
EP  - 10
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30745-4
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920307454
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Is wearing a face mask a good idea?
AU  - Hamzelou, Jessica
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Official advice on masks for the general public is mixed, and there are concerns about taking vital supplies away from healthcare workers, reports Jessica Hamzelou
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 246
IS  - 3278
PG  - 11-11
SP  - 11
EP  - 11
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30747-8
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920307478
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Don't miss
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - New Scientist
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 246
IS  - 3278
PG  - 31-31
SP  - 31
EP  - 31
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/S0262-4079(20)30770-3
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407920307703 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0262407920307703
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Guillain–Barré Syndrome Associated with SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Toscano, Gianpaolo
AU  - Palmerini, Francesco
AU  - Ravaglia, Sabrina
AU  - Ruiz, Luigi
AU  - Invernizzi, Paolo
AU  - Cuzzoni, M. Giovanna
AU  - Franciotta, Diego
AU  - Baldanti, Fausto
AU  - Daturi, Rossana
AU  - Postorino, Paolo
AU  - Cavallini, Anna
AU  - Micieli, Giuseppe
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - NEJMc2009191-NEJMc2009191
SP  - NEJMc2009191
EP  - NEJMc2009191
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMc2009191
UR  - http://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMc2009191 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32302082
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Untold Toll — The Pandemic’s Effects on Patients without Covid-19
AU  - Rosenbaum, Lisa
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - NEJMms2009984-NEJMms2009984
SP  - NEJMms2009984
EP  - NEJMms2009984
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMms2009984
UR  - http://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMms2009984
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How to Obtain a Nasopharyngeal Swab Specimen
AU  - Marty, Francisco M.
AU  - Chen, Kaiwen
AU  - Verrill, Kelly A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - NEJMvcm2010260-NEJMvcm2010260
SP  - NEJMvcm2010260
EP  - NEJMvcm2010260
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMvcm2010260
UR  - http://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMvcm2010260
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Hand hygiene
AU  - Longtin, Yves
AU  - Sax, Hugo
AU  - Allegranzi, Benedetta
AU  - Schneider, Franck
AU  - Pittet, Didier
PY  - 2011
PD  - 
N2  - Hand hygiene is a procedure that should be mastered by all health care workers. Hand hygiene is not optional - it is mandatory. It must be used conscientiously to decrease the occurrence of infections associated with health care and to increase patient safety. Proper use of hand hygiene is a sign of competency, professionalism, and respect. Copyright © 2011 Massachusetts Medical Society.
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 364
IS  - 13
PG  - e24(1)-e24(1)
SP  - e24(1)
EP  - e24(1)
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMvcm0903599
UR  - http://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMvcm0903599
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19 and Immunity in Aging Populations — A New Research Agenda
AU  - Koff, Wayne C.
AU  - Williams, Michelle A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - NEJMp2006761-NEJMp2006761
SP  - NEJMp2006761
EP  - NEJMp2006761
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMp2006761
UR  - http://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMp2006761
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19 and the Need for Health Care Reform
AU  - King, Jaime S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - NEJMp2000821-NEJMp2000821
SP  - NEJMp2000821
EP  - NEJMp2000821
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMp2000821
UR  - http://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMp2000821
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Missing the Target
AU  - Iriarte, Christopher
AU  - Zambrotta, Marina
AU  - Vaitkevicius, Henrikas
AU  - Vaidya, Anand
AU  - Marty, Francisco M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Covid-19 Notes: In Pursuit of PPE A chief physician executive finds himself involved in the complexities of trying to secure a shipment of much-needed personal protective equipment for his hospital...
JO  - The New England journal of medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 382
IS  - 13
PG  - e23-e23
SP  - e23
EP  - e23
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMimc1909410
UR  - http://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMc2010025 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32212523
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical Characteristics of Covid-19 in New York City
AU  - Goyal, Parag
AU  - Choi, Justin J.
AU  - Pinheiro, Laura C.
AU  - Schenck, Edward J.
AU  - Chen, Ruijun
AU  - Jabri, Assem
AU  - Satlin, Michael J.
AU  - Campion, Thomas R.
AU  - Nahid, Musarrat
AU  - Ringel, Joanna B.
AU  - Hoffman, Katherine L.
AU  - Alshak, Mark N.
AU  - Li, Han A.
AU  - Wehmeyer, Graham T.
AU  - Rajan, Mangala
AU  - Reshetnyak, Evgeniya
AU  - Hupert, Nathaniel
AU  - Horn, Evelyn M.
AU  - Martinez, Fernando J.
AU  - Gulick, Roy M.
AU  - Safford, Monika M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The New England journal of medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - NEJMc2010419-NEJMc2010419
SP  - NEJMc2010419
EP  - NEJMc2010419
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMc2010419
UR  - http://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMc2010419 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32302078
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Strategy for Improving U.S. Health Care Delivery — Conducting More Randomized, Controlled Trials
AU  - Finkelstein, Amy
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 382
IS  - 16
PG  - 1485-1488
SP  - 1485
EP  - 1488
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMp1915762
UR  - http://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMp1915762
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Africa in the Path of Covid-19
AU  - El-Sadr, Wafaa M.
AU  - Justman, Jessica
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The New England journal of medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - NEJMp2008193-NEJMp2008193
SP  - NEJMp2008193
EP  - NEJMp2008193
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMp2008193
UR  - http://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMp2008193 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32302075
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical Characteristics of Pregnant Women with Covid-19 in Wuhan, China
AU  - Chen, Lian
AU  - Li, Qin
AU  - Zheng, Danni
AU  - Jiang, Hai
AU  - Wei, Yuan
AU  - Zou, Li
AU  - Feng, Ling
AU  - Xiong, Guoping
AU  - Sun, Guoqiang
AU  - Wang, Haibo
AU  - Zhao, Yangyu
AU  - Qiao, Jie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - NEJMc2009226-NEJMc2009226
SP  - NEJMc2009226
EP  - NEJMc2009226
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMc2009226
UR  - http://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMc2009226
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - ST-Segment Elevation in Patients with Covid-19 — A Case Series
AU  - Bangalore, Sripal
AU  - Sharma, Atul
AU  - Slotwiner, Alexander
AU  - Yatskar, Leonid
AU  - Harari, Rafael
AU  - Shah, Binita
AU  - Ibrahim, Homam
AU  - Friedman, Gary H.
AU  - Thompson, Craig
AU  - Alviar, Carlos L.
AU  - Chadow, Hal L.
AU  - Fishman, Glenn I.
AU  - Reynolds, Harmony R.
AU  - Keller, Norma
AU  - Hochman, Judith S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - New England Journal of Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - NEJMc2009020-NEJMc2009020
SP  - NEJMc2009020
EP  - NEJMc2009020
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1056/NEJMc2009020
UR  - http://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMc2009020 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32302081
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A COVID-19 Patient Who Underwent Endonasal Endoscopic Pituitary Adenoma Resection: A Case Report
AU  - Zhu, Wende
AU  - Huang, Xing
AU  - Zhao, Hongyang
AU  - Jiang, Xiaobing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Neurosurgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/neuros/nyaa147
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/neurosurgery/advance-article/doi/10.1093/neuros/nyaa147/5821321
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Letter: COVID-19 Infection Affects Surgical Outcome of Chronic Subdural Hematoma
AU  - Panciani, Pier Paolo
AU  - Saraceno, Giorgio
AU  - Zanin, Luca
AU  - Renisi, Giulia
AU  - Signorini, Liana
AU  - Fontanella, Marco Maria
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Neurosurgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/neuros/nyaa140
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/neurosurgery/advance-article/doi/10.1093/neuros/nyaa140/5821594
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Letter: Transmission of COVID-19 During Neurosurgical Procedures—Some Thoughts From the United Kingdom
AU  - Jenkins, Alistair
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Neurosurgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/neuros/nyaa126
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/neurosurgery/advance-article/doi/10.1093/neuros/nyaa126/5821595
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - In Reply: Precautions for Endoscopic Transnasal Skull Base Surgery During the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Huang, Xing
AU  - Zhu, Wende
AU  - Zhao, Hongyang
AU  - Jiang, Xiaobing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Neurosurgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/neuros/nyaa145
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/neurosurgery/advance-article/doi/10.1093/neuros/nyaa145/5821320
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Letter: Rongeurs, Neurosurgeons, and COVID-19: How Do We Protect Health Care Personnel During Neurosurgical Operations in the Midst of Aerosol-Generation From High-Speed Drills?
AU  - Chan, David Yuen Chung
AU  - Chan, Danny Tat Ming
AU  - Mak, Wai Kit
AU  - Wong, George Kwok Chu
AU  - Poon, Wai Sang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Neurosurgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/neuros/nyaa139
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/neurosurgery/advance-article/doi/10.1093/neuros/nyaa139/5821323
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Letter: Adaptation Under Fire: Two Harvard Neurosurgical Services During the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Arnaout, Omar
AU  - Patel, Aman
AU  - Carter, Bob
AU  - Chiocca, E. Antonio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Neurosurgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/neuros/nyaa146
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/neurosurgery/advance-article/doi/10.1093/neuros/nyaa146/5821319
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Miller Fisher Syndrome and polyneuritis cranialis in COVID-19
AU  - Gutiérrez-Ortiz, Consuelo
AU  - Méndez, Antonio
AU  - Rodrigo-Rey, Sara
AU  - San Pedro-Murillo, Eduardo
AU  - Bermejo-Guerrero, Laura
AU  - Gordo-Mañas, Ricardo
AU  - de Aragón-Gómez, Fernando
AU  - Benito-León, Julián
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE: To report two patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) who acutely presented with Miller Fisher syndrome and polyneuritis cranialis, respectively. METHODS: Patient data were obtained from medical records from the University Hospital "Príncipe de Asturias", Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain and from the University Hospital "12 de Octubre", Madrid, Spain. RESULTS: The first patient was a 50-year-old man who presented with anosmia, ageusia, right internuclear ophthalmoparesis, right fascicular oculomotor palsy, ataxia, areflexia, albuminocytologic dissociation and positive testing for GD1b-IgG antibodies. Five days before, he had developed a cough, malaise, headache, low back pain, and a fever. The second patient was a 39-year-old man who presented with ageusia, bilateral abducens palsy, areflexia and albuminocytologic dissociation. Three days before, he had developed diarrhea, a low-grade fever, and a poor general condition. The oropharyngeal swab test for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by qualitative real-time reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction assay was positive in both patients and negative in the cerebrospinal fluid. The first patient was treated with intravenous immunoglobulin and the second, with acetaminophen. Two weeks later, both patients made a complete neurological recovery, except for residual anosmia and ageusia in the first case. CONCLUSIONS: Our two cases highlight the rare occurrence of Miller Fisher syndrome and polyneuritis cranialis during the COVID-2 pandemic. Neurological manifestations may occur because of an aberrant immune response to COVID-19. The full clinical spectrum of neurological symptoms in patients with COVID-19 remains to be characterized.
JO  - Neurology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1212/WNL.0000000000009619
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Digital triage for people with multiple sclerosis in the age of COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Bonavita, Simona
AU  - Tedeschi, Gioacchino
AU  - Atreja, Ashish
AU  - Lavorgna, Luigi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We propose a possible approach for the remote monitoring of infection risk in people with multiple sclerosis, especially those on immunosuppressant drugs, during COVID-19 pandemic. We developed a digital triage tool to be sent to patients to quickly identify people with high risk of COVID-19 infection. This tool will also limit unnecessary accesses to the MS centers reducing the risk of spreading the infection.
JO  - Neurological Sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s10072-020-04391-9
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10072-020-04391-9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Should we expect neurological symptoms in the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic?
AU  - Matías-Guiu, J.
AU  - Gomez-Pinedo, U.
AU  - Montero-Escribano, P.
AU  - Gomez-Iglesias, P.
AU  - Porta-Etessam, J.
AU  - Matias-Guiu, J. A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Introduction There is growing evidence that SARS-CoV-2 can gain access to the central nervous system (CNS). We revise the literature on coronavirus infection of the CNS associated with neurological diseases. Development Neurological symptoms were rarely reported in the SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV epidemics, although isolated cases were described. There are also reports of cases of neurological symptoms associated with CoV-OC43 and CoV-229E infection. The presence of neurological lesions, especially demyelinating lesions in the mouse hepatitis virus model, may explain the mechanisms by which coronaviruses enter the CNS, particularly those related with the immune response. This may explain the presence of coronavirus in patients with multiple sclerosis. We review the specific characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 and address the question of whether the high number of cases may be associated with greater CNS involvement. Conclusion Although neurological symptoms are not frequent in coronavirus epidemics, the high number of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection may explain the presence of the virus in the CNS and increase the likelihood of early- or delayed-onset neurological symptoms. Follow-up of patients affected by the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic should include careful assessment of the CNS. Resumen Introducción Diversas evidencias sugieren que el SARS-CoV-2 puede penetrar en el sistema nervioso central (SNC). Los autores revisan los datos de la literatura sobre los hallazgos de coronavirus en el SNC asociado a enfermedades neurológicas. Desarrollo En las distintas epidemias con SARS-CoV y MERS-CoV la presencia de cuadros neurológicos es baja, pero se describen cuadros aislados de pacientes. También existen casos asociados a OC43-CoV y 229E-CoV. La existencia de lesiones neurológicas, especialmente desmielinizantes en el modelo MHV-CoV pueden explicar mecanismos de penetración de los CoV en el SNC y especialmente aquellos relacionados con la respuesta inmune, que puede justificar la existencia de CoV en pacientes con esclerosis múltiple. Los autores revisan aspectos diferenciales de SARS-CoV-2 y se plantean si debido al alto número de infectados, el virus puede afectar de forma mayor al SNC. Conclusión Aunque la presencia de síntomas neurológicos en las epidemias de CoV es baja, la mayor frecuencia de infectados por SARS-CoV-2 podría justificar el paso del virus y la posibilidad de clínica neurológica precoz o tardía con mayor incidencia. El seguimiento de los pacientes de la epidemia debe atender con cuidado a la evaluación del SNC.
JO  - Neurología (English Edition)
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AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nrleng.2020.03.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2173580820300523
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Influencia de la infección SARS-Cov2 sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas y Neuropsiquiátricas: ¿Una pandemia demorada?
AU  - Serrano-Castro, Pedro J.
AU  - Estivill-Torrús, Guillermo
AU  - Cabezudo-García, Pablo
AU  - Antonio Reyes-Bueno, José
AU  - Petersen, Nicolás Ciano
AU  - Aguilar-Castillo, María José
AU  - Suárez-Pérez, Juan
AU  - Jiménez-Hernández, María Dolores
AU  - Moya-Molina, Miguel Ángel
AU  - Oliver-Martos, Begoña
AU  - Arrabal-Gómez, Carlos
AU  - de Fonseca, Fernando Rodríguez
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - RESUMEN INTRODUCCIÓN: La infección por el coronavirus SARS-CoV2 originada en Diciembre de 2019 en la región china de Wuhan ha adquirido proporciones pandémicas. A día de hoy ha ocasionado de más de 1,7 millones de contagios y mas de 100.000 muertes en todo el mundo. La investigación científica actual se centra en el mejor conocimiento de la infección aguda y de sus estrategias terapéuticas. Dada la magnitud de la epidemia, planteamos una revisión especulativa sobre las posibles consecuencias en patología neurológica a medio/largo plazo, con especial atención a Enfermedades neurodegenerativas y neuropsiquiátricas con base neuroinflamatoria, teniendo en cuenta la evidencia directa de afectación neurológica a causa de la infección aguda. DESARROLLO: Revisamos de forma sistemática lo conocido sobre los mecanismos patogénicos de la infección por SARS-Cov2, la repercusión de la tormenta de citoquinas sobre el Sistema Nervioso Central y su persistencia en el tiempo y las consecuencias que la neuroinflamación puede tener sobre el Sistema Nervioso Central. CONCLUSIONES: El SARS-CoV2 es un virus neuroinvasivo capaz de provocar una tormenta de citoquinas que podría convertirse en persistente en población seleccionada. Aunque nuestra hipótesis tiene alto componente especulativo, la repercusión que esta situación puede tener en la puesta en marcha y progresión de Enfermedades neurodegenerativas y neuropsiquiátricas con base neuroinflamatoria debe ser considerada como posible germen de una pandemia demorada que podría tener un gran impacto en salud pública a medio o largo plazo. Se hace necesario un estrecho seguimiento de la salud cognitiva y neuropsiquiátrica de los pacientes supervivientes a infección Covid19. ABSTRACT Introduction: SARS-CoV-2 was first detected in December 2019 in the Chinese city of Wuhan and has since spread across the world. At present, the virus has infected over 1.7 million people and caused over 100 000 deaths worldwide. Research is currently focused on understanding the acute infection and developing effective treatment strategies. In view of the magnitude of the epidemic, we conducted a speculative review of possible medium- and long-term neurological consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection, with particular emphasis on neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases of neuroinflammatory origin, based on the available evidence on neurological symptoms of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. Development: We systematically reviewed the available evidence about the pathogenic mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 infection, the immediate and lasting effects of the cytokine storm on the central nervous system, and the consequences of neuroinflammation for the central nervous system. Conclusions: SARS-CoV-2 is a neuroinvasive virus capable of triggering a cytokine storm, with persistent effects in specific populations. Although our hypothesis is highly speculative, the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the onset and progression of neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases of neuroinflammatory origin should be regarded as the potential cause of a delayed pandemic that may have a major public health impact in the medium to long term. Cognitive and neuropsychological function should be closely monitored in COVID-19 survivors.
JO  - Neurología
PB  - 
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AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nrl.2020.04.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0213485320300670
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - ¿Va a cambiar la neurología tras la pandemia de Covid-19 en los próximos cinco años?. Estudio de enfoque mediante informadores clave
AU  - Matías-Guiu, Jorge
AU  - Matias-Guiu, Jordi A.
AU  - Alvarez-Sabin, Jose
AU  - Ara, Jose Ramon
AU  - Arenillas, Juan
AU  - Casado-Naranjo, Ignacio
AU  - Castellanos, Mar
AU  - Jimenez-Hernandez, Maria Dolores
AU  - Lainez-Andres, Jose Miguel
AU  - Moral, Ester
AU  - Morales, Ana
AU  - Rodriguez-Antigüedad, Alfredo
AU  - Segura, Tomas
AU  - Serrano-Castro, Pedro
AU  - Diez-Tejedor, Exuperio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Resumen Introduccion: La pandemia de Covid-19 va a conllevar cambios en la asistencia neurológica, que no se pueden prever facilmente a largo plazo Material y Metodos: A traves de un modelo de informadores clave, se busca el consenso siendo los encuestados, jefes de servicio de Neurologia con conocimiento amplio de la situacion al haber actuado durante la pandemia, de como va a ser la especialidad en un plazo de cinco años Resultados: Aunque se obtiene un grado de acuerdo bajo entre encuestados, si se describen acuerdos por consenso a nivel mayor (85%) y menor (70%). Los principales acuerdos se refieren al incremento de precauciones, al uso de la telemedicina, al mantenimiento de las consultas telefónicas, a la reduccion de asistencia a las consultas evitando que hayan salas de espera con un número alto de personas, al desarrollo de técnicas docentes no presenciales y a la adaptación en el desarrollo de ensayos clinicos en relacion a la visita de los monitores. Sin embargo, no se acuerda que haya cambios en la indicacion de exploraciones complementarias, ni en la propia exploracion neurológica. Conclusion: El metodo de informadores clave ha permitido conocer que cambios se pueden prever tras la pandemia. ]Abstract Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic will give rise to long-term changes in neurological care, which are not easily predictable. Material and methods: A key informant survey was used to enquire about the changes expected in the specialty over the next 5 years. The survey was completed by heads of neurology departments with broad knowledge of the situation, having been active during the pandemic. Results: Despite a low level of consensus between participants, there was strong (85%) and moderate consensus (70%) about certain subjects, mainly the increase in precautions to be taken, the use of telemedicine and teleconsultations, the reduction of care provided in in-person consultations to avoid the presence of large numbers of people in waiting rooms, the development of remote training solutions, and the changes in monitoring visits during clinical trials. There was consensus that there would be no changes to the indication of complementary testing or neurological examination. Conclusion: The key informant survey identified the foreseeable changes in neurological care after the pandemic.
JO  - Neurología
PB  - 
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AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nrl.2020.04.006
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0213485320300712
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Síndrome de Guillain-Barré fatal tras infección por virus SARS-CoV2
AU  - Marta-Enguita, Juan
AU  - Rubio-Baines, Idoia
AU  - Gastón-Zubimendi, Itziar
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Neurología
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nrl.2020.04.004
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0213485320300694
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Un Servicio de Neurología de un hospital terciario en la pandemia COVID-19
AU  - Grandas, Francisco
AU  - Manuel García Domínguez, José
AU  - Otero, Fernando Díaz
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Neurología
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nrl.2020.04.005
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0213485320300700
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Infección por SARS-CoV-2 asociada a diplopía y anticuerpos antirreceptor de acetilcolina
AU  - Álvarez, Ángel Ignacio Pérez
AU  - Cuervo, Carlos Suárez
AU  - Menéndez, Santiago Fernández
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Neurología
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nrl.2020.04.003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0213485320300682
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19
AU  - Botella, Carlos
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Neurocirugía
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neucir.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1130147320300592
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The aftermath of coronavirus disease of 2019: devastation or a new dawn for nephrology?
AU  - Agarwal, Rajiv
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/ndt/gfaa094
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/ndt/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ndt/gfaa094/5820264
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Macrophages: a Trojan horse in COVID-19?
AU  - Park, Matthew D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature reviews. Immunology
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41577-020-0317-2
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Will we see protection or reinfection in COVID-19?
AU  - Ota, Miyo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature reviews. Immunology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41577-020-0316-3
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A map of SARS-CoV-2 and host cell interactions
AU  - Malle, Louise
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature reviews. Immunology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41577-020-0318-1
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The race against COVID-19
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature nanotechnology
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41565-020-0680-y
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32303704
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus jolts labs to warp speed
AU  - Marx, Vivien
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature methods
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41592-020-0827-7
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus diaries: to be a scientist
AU  - Tregoning, John
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-01138-6
UR  - 
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - How research funders are tackling coronavirus disruption
AU  - Stoye, Emma
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-01120-2
UR  - 
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Withholding funding from the World Health Organization is wrong and dangerous, and must be reversed
AU  - Nature
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Researchers everywhere must continue to press their lawmakers to act now and challenge US President Donald Trump’s undermining of the global health agency. Amid the biggest global health crisis in a century, it is dangerous to hurt the one intergovernmental agency most able to guide the world out of it. But that is precisely what happened this week.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-01121-1
UR  - http://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-01121-1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Antibody tests suggest that coronavirus infections vastly exceed official counts
AU  - Mallapaty, Smriti
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-01095-0
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pick of the coronavirus papers: vaccine from viral spikes holds promise
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00502-w
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus latest: China death toll jumps dramatically
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-00154-w
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32152592 http://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00154-w
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Anti-CD20 immunosuppressive disease-modifying therapies and COVID-19
AU  - Giovannoni, Gavin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 102135-102135
SP  - 102135
EP  - 102135
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msard.2020.102135
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221103482030211X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Parkinson's disease and COVID-19: Perceptions and implications in patients and caregivers
AU  - Prasad, Shweta
AU  - Holla, Vikram V.
AU  - Neeraja, Koti
AU  - Surisetti, Bharath Kumar
AU  - Kamble, Nitish
AU  - Yadav, Ravi
AU  - Pal, Pramod Kumar
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/mds.28088
UR  - 
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Natural Bioactive Compounds from Fungi as Potential Candidates for Protease Inhibitors and Immunomodulators to Apply for Coronaviruses
AU  - Suwannarach, Nakarin
AU  - Kumla, Jaturong
AU  - Sujarit, Kanaporn
AU  - Pattananandecha, Thanawat
AU  - Saenjum, Chalermpong
AU  - Lumyong, Saisamorn
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The inhibition of viral protease is an important target in antiviral drug discovery and development. To date, protease inhibitor drugs, especially HIV-1 protease inhibitors, have been available for human clinical use in the treatment of coronaviruses. However, these drugs can have adverse side effects and they can become ineffective due to eventual drug resistance. Thus, the search for natural bioactive compounds that were obtained from bio-resources that exert inhibitory capabilities against HIV-1 protease activity is of great interest. Fungi are a source of natural bioactive compounds that offer therapeutic potential in the prevention of viral diseases and for the improvement of human immunomodulation. Here, we made a brief review of the current findings on fungi as producers of protease inhibitors and studies on the relevant candidate fungal bioactive compounds that can offer immunomodulatory activities as potential therapeutic agents of coronaviruses in the future.
JO  - Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 25
IS  - 8
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/molecules25081800
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Advances on Antiviral Activity of Morus spp. Plant Extracts: Human Coronavirus and Virus-Related Respiratory Tract Infections in the Spotlight
AU  - Thabti, Inès
AU  - Albert, Quentin
AU  - Philippot, Stéphanie
AU  - Dupire, François
AU  - Westerhuis, Brenda
AU  - Fontanay, Stéphane
AU  - Risler, Arnaud
AU  - Kassab, Thomas
AU  - Elfalleh, Walid
AU  - Aferchichi, Ali
AU  - Varbanov, Mihayl
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - (1) Background: Viral respiratory infections cause life-threatening diseases in millions of people worldwide every year. Human coronavirus and several picornaviruses are responsible for worldwide epidemic outbreaks, thus representing a heavy burden to their hosts. In the absence of specific treatments for human viral infections, natural products offer an alternative in terms of innovative drug therapies. (2) Methods: We analyzed the antiviral properties of the leaves and stem bark of the mulberry tree (Morus spp.). We compared the antiviral activity of Morus spp. on enveloped and nonenveloped viral pathogens, such as human coronavirus (HCoV 229E) and different members of the Picornaviridae family&mdash;human poliovirus 1, human parechovirus 1 and 3, and human echovirus 11. The antiviral activity of 12 water and water&ndash;alcohol plant extracts of the leaves and stem bark of three different species of mulberry&mdash;Morus alba var. alba, Morus alba var. rosa, and Morus rubra&mdash;were evaluated. We also evaluated the antiviral activities of kuwanon G against HCoV-229E. (3) Results: Our results showed that several extracts reduced the viral titer and cytopathogenic effects (CPE). Leaves&rsquo; water-alcohol extracts exhibited maximum antiviral activity on human coronavirus, while stem bark and leaves&rsquo; water and water-alcohol extracts were the most effective on picornaviruses. (4) Conclusions: The analysis of the antiviral activities of Morus spp. offer promising applications in antiviral strategies.
JO  - Molecules 2020, Vol. 25, Page 1876
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 25
IS  - 8
PG  - 1876-1876
SP  - 1876
EP  - 1876
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/MOLECULES25081876
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/8/1876
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Characteristics of Health Care Personnel with COVID-19 — United States, February 12–April 9, 2020
AU  - Burrer, Sherry L.
AU  - de Perio, Marie A.
AU  - Hughes, Michelle M.
AU  - Kuhar, David T.
AU  - Luckhaupt, Sara E.
AU  - McDaniel, Clinton J.
AU  - Porter, Rachael M.
AU  - Silk, Benjamin
AU  - Stuckey, Matthew J.
AU  - Walters, Maroya
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As of April 9, 2020, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic had resulted in 1,521,252 cases and 92,798 deaths worldwide, including 459,165 cases and 16,570 deaths in the United States (1,2). Health care personnel (HCP) are essential workers defined as paid and unpaid persons serving in health care settings who have the potential for direct or indirect exposure to patients or infectious materials (3). During February 12-April 9, among 315,531 COVID-19 cases reported to CDC using a standardized form, 49,370 (16%) included data on whether the patient was a health care worker in the United States; including 9,282 (19%) who were identified as HCP. Among HCP patients with data available, the median age was 42 years (interquartile range [IQR] = 32-54 years), 6,603 (73%) were female, and 1,779 (38%) reported at least one underlying health condition. Among HCP patients with data on health care, household, and community exposures, 780 (55%) reported contact with a COVID-19 patient only in health care settings. Although 4,336 (92%) HCP patients reported having at least one symptom among fever, cough, or shortness of breath, the remaining 8% did not report any of these symptoms. Most HCP with COVID-19 (6,760, 90%) were not hospitalized; however, severe outcomes, including 27 deaths, occurred across all age groups; deaths most frequently occurred in HCP aged ≥65 years. These preliminary findings highlight that whether HCP acquire infection at work or in the community, it is necessary to protect the health and safety of this essential national workforce.
JO  - MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 69
IS  - 15
PG  - 477-481
SP  - 477
EP  - 481
AN  - 
DO  - 10.15585/mmwr.mm6915e6
UR  - http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/mm6915e6.htm?s_cid=mm6915e6_w
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chinese expert consensus on diagnosis and treatment of coagulation dysfunction in COVID-19
AU  - Song, Jing-Chun
AU  - Wang, Gang
AU  - Zhang, Wei
AU  - Zhang, Yang
AU  - Li, Wei-Qin
AU  - Zhou, Zhou
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, a novel type of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Wuhan led to an outbreak throughout China and the rest of the world. To date, there have been more than 1,260,000 COVID-19 patients, with a mortality rate of approximately 5.44%. Studies have shown that coagulation dysfunction is a major cause of death in patients with severe COVID-19. Therefore, the People’s Liberation Army Professional Committee of Critical Care Medicine and Chinese Society on Thrombosis and Hemostasis grouped experts from the frontline of the Wuhan epidemic to come together and develop an expert consensus on diagnosis and treatment of coagulation dysfunction associated with a severe COVID-19 infection. This consensus includes an overview of COVID-19-related coagulation dysfunction, tests for coagulation, anticoagulation therapy, replacement therapy, supportive therapy and prevention. The consensus produced 18 recommendations which are being used to guide clinical work.
JO  - Military Medical Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 7
IS  - 1
PG  - 19-19
SP  - 19
EP  - 19
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s40779-020-00247-7
UR  - https://mmrjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40779-020-00247-7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - NAMI partners with Instagram on new Netflix series on MH
AU  - Canady, Valerie A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Netflix last month announced the launch of a new series on Instagram with a focus on consumers taking care of themselves and their mental health during the COVID-19 global pandemic. In particular, the series targets the needs of young people and the challenges they may be facing during this health crisis. The National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI) has joined in this effort.
JO  - Mental Health Weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 30
IS  - 16
PG  - 7-7
SP  - 7
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/mhw.32327
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/mhw.32327
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - NAMI New Hampshire maintaining community connectedness
AU  - Canady, Valerie A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The National Alliance on Mental Illness New Hampshire (NAMI-NH) is working to maintain community connectedness in the midst of this pandemic via its education and advocacy programs, now conducted remotely, and its virtual support groups.
JO  - Mental Health Weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 30
IS  - 16
PG  - 4-5
SP  - 4
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/mhw.32326
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/mhw.32326
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - For nonprofits, survival means being proactive, creative in pandemic wake
AU  - Canady, Valerie A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Mental health organizations who may be thinking about social distancing and other threats to their nonprofit organizations, and the possible need to shutter services, should think again, according to the CEO of the Mental Health Association Oklahoma (MHA Oklahoma). The new reality presented by COVID-19 could offer nonprofits opportunities to become stronger now, along with the creation of new nonprofit business models.
JO  - Mental Health Weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 30
IS  - 16
PG  - 1-6
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/mhw.32325
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/mhw.32325
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID‐19 leads to jump in people seeking MH help in NYC
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - It's a stressful time to be a New Yorker. People are stuck at home, worrying about their health, their family and their paycheck, Spectrum News New York 1 reported April 13. ?We are seeing a lot of calls related to anxiety and stress that people are experiencing today,? said Matt Kudish, executive director of the National Alliance on Mental Illness of New York City. The organization says the number of callers seeking help has jumped 60% over the last few weeks, and that conversations now last about 15 minutes longer than average. The city says it's also seeing an increase in demand. Web sessions to its NYC Well service jumped 185% last month to more than 81,000. ?We're hearing from people who are worried about their own physical health, they're worried about their mental health being forced to stay socially distant from other people,? Kudish said. Health care providers predict that even when the COVID-19 crisis ends, the mental health crisis will continue. They say people will continue to be anxious ? this time about leaving home and being convinced it's safe to be outside.
JO  - Mental Health Weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 30
IS  - 16
PG  - 7-7
SP  - 7
EP  - 7
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/mhw.32328
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/mhw.32328 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/mhw.32328
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Illinois rolls out COVID‐19 MH crisis hotline as cases climb
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - After another deadly 24 hours in Illinois, Gov. J.B. Pritzker announced a new program to connect scared and depressed Illinois residents to badly needed mental health services, Block Club Chicago reported April 11. In the 24 hours in question, 81 people died from COVID-19 and 1,293 new confirmed cases were reported. Hoping to help those in need of mental and physical health care during the crisis, the state has created programs that will help people from afar. Call4Calm, a free emotional support text line, was created to serve Illinois residents ?swimming in the stress and uncertainty? caused by COVID-19, Pritzker said. To connect with a counselor, people can text ?TALK? to 552020 or text ?HABLAR? to the same number for counseling in Spanish. Users will remain anonymous, and the state has partnered with mental health organizations to have counselors respond. Once a resident texts the hotline, they'll get a call from a licensed counselor within 24 hours. The program was announced as the state reached 19,180 confirmed COVID-19 cases, said Dr. Ngozi Ezike, director of the Illinois Department of Public Health.
JO  - Mental Health Weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 30
IS  - 16
PG  - 7-8
SP  - 7
EP  - 8
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/mhw.32329
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/mhw.32329 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/mhw.32329
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Joint Commission releases COVID-19 resources
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The Joint Commission has released specific COVID-19 resources for health care professionals and organizations on the front lines of this pandemic. The site also includes statements to support providers, including the use of face masks from home and the shortage of critical medical equipment. ?As a mission-driven organization, we are driven to help our entire health care community keep their teams and patients safe,? President and CEO of The Joint Commission Mark R. Chassin, M.D., said. ?The situation is changing rapidly, and recommendations are changing with similar speed. We know that you have received a torrent of information. We will continue to update this library with only those resources and guidance that we believe to be particularly useful as we continue to navigate through this pandemic.? COVID-19 resources can be found at www.jointcommission.org/-/media/tjc/documents/resources/patient-safety-topics/infection-prevention-and-hai/covid19/drchassin_032420.pdf.
JO  - Mental Health Weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 30
IS  - 16
PG  - 8-8
SP  - 8
EP  - 8
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/mhw.32331
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/mhw.32331
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Population movement, city closure and spatial transmission of the 2019-nCoV infection in China
AU  - Ai, Siqi
AU  - Zhu, Guanghu
AU  - Tian, Fei
AU  - Li, Huan
AU  - Gao, Yuan
AU  - Wu, Yinglin
AU  - Liu, Qiyong
AU  - Lin, Hualiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of pneumonia caused by a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in Wuhan City of China obtained global concern, the population outflow from Wuhan has contributed to spatial expansion in other parts of China. We examined the effects of population outflow from Wuhan on the 2019-nCoV transmission in other provinces and cities of China, as well as the impacts of the city closure in Wuhan. We observed a significantly positive association between population movement and the number of cases. Further analysis revealed that if the city closure policy was implemented two days earlier, 1420 (95% CI: 1059, 1833) cases could be prevented, and if two days later, 1462 (95% CI: 1090, 1886) more cases would be possible. Our findings suggest that population movement might be one important trigger of the 2019-nCoV infection transmission in China, and the policy of city closure is effective to prevent the epidemic.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest.Funding StatementWe appreciated the support by National Key R&amp;D Program of China (Grant No: 2018YFA0606200). The funder had no role in study design, data collection, data analysis, data interpretation, or writing of the report.Author DeclarationsAll relevant ethical guidelines have been followed; any necessary IRB and/or ethics committee approvals have been obtained and details of the IRB/oversight body are included in the manuscript.YesAll necessary patient/participant consent has been obtained and the appropriate institutional forms have been archived.YesI understand that all clinical trials and any other prospective interventional studies must be registered with an ICMJE-approved registry, such as ClinicalTrials.gov. I confirm that any such study reported in the manuscript has been registered and the trial registration ID is provided (note: if posting a prospective study registered retrospectively, please provide a statement in the trial ID field explaining why the study was not registered in advance).Yes I have followed all appropriate research reporting guidelines and uploaded the relevant EQUATOR Network research reporting checklist(s) and other pertinent material as supplementary files, if applicable.YesAll URLs of the database related to the manuscript are provided as follows.http://www.nhc.gov.cn/http://qianxi.baidu.com
JO  - medRxiv
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 2020.02.04.20020339-2020.02.04.20020339
SP  - 2020.02.04.20020339
EP  - 2020.02.04.20020339
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1101/2020.02.04.20020339
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa422/5821327 https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2020/02/05/2020.02.04.20020339.full.pdf
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Assessment of Specimen Pooling to Conserve SARS CoV-2 Testing Resources
AU  - Abdalhamid, Baha
AU  - Bilder, Christopher R.
AU  - McCutchen, Emily L.
AU  - Hinrichs, Steven H.
AU  - Koepsell, Scott A.
AU  - Iwen, Peter C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - American Journal of Clinical Pathology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/ajcp/aqaa064
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/ajcp/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ajcp/aqaa064/5822023
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - German recommendations for critically ill patients with COVID‑19 TT - Empfehlungen zur intensivmedizinischen Therapie von Patienten mit COVID‑19
AU  - Kluge, Stefan
AU  - Janssens, Uwe
AU  - Welte, Tobias
AU  - Weber-Carstens, Steffen
AU  - Marx, Gernot
AU  - Karagiannidis, Christian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since December 2019, anovel coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2, SARS-CoV-2) has rapidly spread around the world resulting in an acute respiratory illness pandemic. The majority of patients presents with mild symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, about 5% become critically ill and require intensive care treatment. Acute hypoxemic failure with severe dyspnea and an increased respiratory rate (>30/min) usually leads to ICU admission. At that point, bilateral pulmonary infiltrates are typically seen. Patients often develop asevere acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). To date there is no specific treatment available-the main goal of supportive therapy is to ascertain adequate oxygenation. Early intubation and repeated prone positioning are key elements in treating hypoxemic COVID-19 patients. Strict adherence to basic infection control measures (including hand hygiene) and use of personal protection equipment (PPE) are essential in the care of patients. Procedures that lead to formation of aerosols should be avoided where possible and carried out with utmost precaution.
JO  - Medizinische Klinik, Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00063-020-00689-w
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - PAK1-blockers: Potential Therapeutics against COVID-19
AU  - Maruta, Hiroshi
AU  - He, Hong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - ABSTRACT PAK1 (RAC/CDC42-activated kinase 1) is the major “pathogenic” kinase whose abnormal activation causes a wide variety of diseases/disorders including cancers, inflammation, malaria and pandemic viral infection including influenza, HIV and COVID-19. Since Louis Pateur who developed a vaccine against rabies in 1885, in general a series of “specific” vaccines have been used for treatment of viral infection, mainly because antibiotics in general are ineffective for treatment of viral infection. However, it takes 12–18 months till the effective vaccine becomes available. Until then ventilator (O2 supplier) would be the most common tool for saving the life of COVID-19 patients. Thus, as alternative potentially more direct “broad-spectrum” COVID-19 therapeutics, several natural and synthetic PAK1-blockers such as propolis, melatonin, ciclesonide, hydroxy chloroquine (HQ), ivermection, and ketorolac, which are readily available in the market, are introduced here.
JO  - Medicine in Drug Discovery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 100039-100039
SP  - 100039
EP  - 100039
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medidd.2020.100039
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590098620300269
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Surge capacity of intensive care units in case of acute increase in demand caused by COVID-19 in Australia
AU  - Litton, Edward
AU  - Bucci, Tamara
AU  - Chavan, Shaila
AU  - Ho, Yvonne Y.
AU  - Holley, Anthony
AU  - Howard, Gretta
AU  - Huckson, Sue
AU  - Kwong, Philomena
AU  - Millar, Johnny
AU  - Nguyen, Nhi
AU  - Secombe, Paul
AU  - Ziegenfuss, Marc
AU  - Pilcher, David
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Objectives To assess the capacity of intensive care units (ICUs) in Australia to respond to the expected increase in demand associated with COVID-19. Design Analysis of Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society (ANZICS) registry data, supplemented by an ICU surge capability survey and veterinary facilities survey (both March 2020). Settings All Australian ICUs and veterinary facilities. Main outcome measures Baseline numbers of ICU beds, ventilators, dialysis machines, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation machines, intravenous infusion pumps, and staff (senior medical staff, registered nurses); incremental capability to increase capacity (surge) by increasing ICU bed numbers; ventilator-to-bed ratios; number of ventilators in veterinary facilities. Results The 191 ICUs in Australia provide 2378 intensive care beds during baseline activity (9.3 ICU beds per 100 000 population). Of the 175 ICUs that responded to the surge survey (with 2228 intensive care beds), a maximal surge would add an additional 4258 intensive care beds (191% increase) and 2631 invasive ventilators (120% increase). This surge would require additional staffing of as many as 4092 senior doctors (245% increase over baseline) and 42 720 registered ICU nurses (269% increase over baseline). An additional 188 ventilators are available in veterinary facilities, including 179 human model ventilators. Conclusions The directors of Australian ICUs report that intensive care bed capacity could be near tripled in response to the expected increase in demand caused by COVID-19. But maximal surge in bed numbers could be hampered by a shortfall in invasive ventilators and would also require a large increase in clinician and nursing staff numbers.
JO  - Medical Journal of Australia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.5694/mja2.50596
UR  - https://doi.org/10.5694/mja2.50596
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Features of anosmia in COVID-19
AU  - Klopfenstein, Timothée
AU  - Kadiane-Oussou, N’dri Juliette
AU  - Toko, Lynda
AU  - Royer, Pierre-Yves
AU  - Lepiller, Quentin
AU  - Gendrin, Vincent
AU  - Zayet, Souheil
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background: Medical publications about anosmia with COVID-19 are scarce. We aimed to describe the prevalence and features of anosmia in COVID-19 patients. Methods: We retrospectively included COVID-19 patients with anosmia between March 1 and March 17, 2020. We used SARS-CoV-2 real time PCR in respiratory samples to confirm the cases. Results: Fifty-four of 114 patients (47%) with confirmed COVID-19 reported anosmia. Mean age of the 54 patients was 47 (±16) years; 67% were females and 37% were hospitalized. The median Charlson comorbidity index was 0.70 (±1.6 [0-7]). Forty-six patients (85%) had dysgeusia and 28% presented with pneumonia. Anosmia began 4.4 (±1.9 [1-8]) days after infection onset. The mean duration of anosmia was 8.9 (±6.3 [1-21]) days and 98% of patients recovered within 28 days. Conclusions: Anosmia was present in half of our European COVID-19 patients and was often associated with dysgeusia.
JO  - Médecine et Maladies Infectieuses
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medmal.2020.04.006
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0399077X20301104
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Dispositif d’urgence en situation de crise sanitaire: application d’un régime dérogatoire au pharmacien d’officine
AU  - Métayer, Romain
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Résumé La pandémie liée au coronavirus est une crise sanitaire du XXIe siècle sans précédent. La France a déclaré l’état d’urgence sanitaire. Compte tenu de la propagation du virus et du risque de saturation du système de soin, le gouvernement a déployé des moyens extraordinaires sur le territoire. Afin de ne pas compromettre le suivi thérapeutique des patients, le ministre de la Santé a, conformément au Code de la santé publique, mis en place les dispositions nécessaires. Le régime de délivrance des prescriptions médicales obligatoires est transformé pour une durée limitée. En conséquence, la responsabilité du pharmacien d'officine est bouleversée. The coronavirus pandemic is an unprecedented health crisis (in the XXIth Century). France has declared a “state of health emergency”. In order to tackle the spread of the virus and to prevent the risk of overwhelming the health care system, the French government has implemented extraordinary measures all over the country. In accordance with the public health code, the Minister of Health has implemented the provisions that are deemed necessary to avoid jeopardizing the therapeutic follow-up of patients. The mandatory medical prescriptions dispensing system is being transformed for a limited period. Therefore, the pharmacist’s liability is disrupted.
JO  - Médecine & Droit
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meddro.2020.04.003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S124673912030035X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coping with COVID: How a Research Team Learned To Stay Engaged in This Time of Physical Distancing
AU  - Sutherland, Danica M.
AU  - Taylor, Gwen M.
AU  - Dermody, Terence S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Physical distancing imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic has led to alterations in routines and new responsibilities for much of the research community. We provide some tips for how research teams can cope with physical distancing, some of which require a change in how we define productivity. Importantly, we need to maintain and strengthen social connections in this time when we can’t be physically together. The views expressed in this article do not necessarily reflect the views of the journal or of ASM.
JO  - mBio
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 11
IS  - 2
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1128/MBIO.00850-20
UR  - https://mbio.asm.org/content/11/2/e00850-20
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Critical Concerns About 2019 Novel Coronavirus Infection in Pediatric Population
AU  - Wang, Chunya
AU  - Zhao, Pan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Mayo Clinic Proceedings
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mayocp.2020.04.008
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025619620303773
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The COVID-19 Pandemic and Mayo Clinic Proceedings
AU  - Nath, Karl A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Mayo Clinic Proceedings
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mayocp.2020.04.009
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025619620303785
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Almost Sure Convergence for the Maximum and Minimum of Normal Vector Sequences
AU  - Chen, Zhicheng
AU  - Zhang, Hongyun
AU  - Liu, Xinsheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In this paper, we prove the almost sure convergences for the maximum and minimum of nonstationary and stationary standardized normal vector sequences under some suitable conditions.
JO  - Mathematics 2020, Vol. 8, Page 618
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 8
IS  - 4
PG  - 618-618
SP  - 618
EP  - 618
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/MATH8040618
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/8/4/618
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Bilirubin levels in patients with mild and severe Covid-19: a pooled analysis
AU  - Paliogiannis, Panagiotis
AU  - Zinellu, Angelo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The letter comments on a recent commentary published in Liver International entitled "COVID-19 and liver disease" by Sun et al., and describes a pooled analysis of data on bilirubin levels in patients with and without severe Covid-19. This is the first pooled analysis of data on bilirubin in Covid-19 patients. The results evidence that bilirubin levels are significantly associated with the severity of the disease.
JO  - Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/liv.14477
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Potential implications of COVID-19 in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
AU  - Prins, Grietje H.
AU  - Olinga, Peter
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract COVID-19 burdens all areas of healthcare, and the relationship between COVID-19 and liver injury is being examined. The recently published papers by Xu et al and Xie et al nicely describe liver injury resulting from COVID-191,2. As with many papers the focus lies on patients without pre-existing liver disease, even though it has been suggested that pre-existing conditions affect COVID-19.
JO  - Liver International
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/liv.14484
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.14484
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Intervention précoce avec un protocole d’EMDR dans un centre de dépistage du COVID-19
AU  - Thépaut, Mathieu
AU  - Ferracci, Serge
AU  - Dormois, Isabelle
AU  - Haour, France
AU  - Cazenave, Nicolas
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - L'Encéphale
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.encep.2020.04.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0013700620300701
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Impact assessment of non-pharmaceutical interventions against coronavirus disease 2019 and influenza in Hong Kong: an observational study
AU  - Cowling, Benjamin J.
AU  - Ali, Sheikh Taslim
AU  - Ng, Tiffany W. Y.
AU  - Tsang, Tim K.
AU  - Li, Julian C. M.
AU  - Fong, Min Whui
AU  - Liao, Qiuyan
AU  - Kwan, Mike Y. W.
AU  - Lee, So Lun
AU  - Chiu, Susan S.
AU  - Wu, Joseph T.
AU  - Wu, Peng
AU  - Leung, Gabriel M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Summary Background A range of public health measures have been implemented to suppress local transmission of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Hong Kong. We examined the effect of these interventions and behavioural changes of the public on the incidence of COVID-19, as well as on influenza virus infections, which might share some aspects of transmission dynamics with COVID-19. Methods We analysed data on laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases, influenza surveillance data in outpatients of all ages, and influenza hospitalisations in children. We estimated the daily effective reproduction number (Rt) for COVID-19 and influenza A H1N1 to estimate changes in transmissibility over time. Attitudes towards COVID-19 and changes in population behaviours were reviewed through three telephone surveys done on Jan 20–23, Feb 11–14, and March 10–13, 2020. Findings COVID-19 transmissibility measured by Rt has remained at approximately 1 for 8 weeks in Hong Kong. Influenza transmission declined substantially after the implementation of social distancing measures and changes in population behaviours in late January, with a 44% (95% CI 34–53%) reduction in transmissibility in the community, from an estimated Rt of 1·28 (95% CI 1·26–1·30) before the start of the school closures to 0·72 (0·70–0·74) during the closure weeks. Similarly, a 33% (24–43%) reduction in transmissibility was seen based on paediatric hospitalisation rates, from an Rt of 1·10 (1·06–1·12) before the start of the school closures to 0·73 (0·68–0·77) after school closures. Among respondents to the surveys, 74·5%, 97·5%, and 98·8% reported wearing masks when going out, and 61·3%, 90·2%, and 85·1% reported avoiding crowded places in surveys 1 (n=1008), 2 (n=1000), and 3 (n=1005), respectively. Interpretation Our study shows that non-pharmaceutical interventions (including border restrictions, quarantine and isolation, distancing, and changes in population behaviour) were associated with reduced transmission of COVID-19 in Hong Kong, and are also likely to have substantially reduced influenza transmission in early February, 2020. Funding Health and Medical Research Fund, Hong Kong.
JO  - The Lancet Public Health
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30090-6
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468266720300906
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: endgames
AU  - The Lancet Infectious, Diseases
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30298-X
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S147330992030298X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Hydroxychloroquine prophylaxis for COVID-19 contacts in India
AU  - Rathi, Sahaj
AU  - Ish, Pranav
AU  - Kalantri, Ashwini
AU  - Kalantri, Shriprakash
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30313-3
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1473309920303133
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Rural areas at risk during COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Ranscombe, Peter
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30301-7
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1473309920303017
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine for prophylaxis of COVID-19
AU  - Principi, Nicola
AU  - Esposito, Susanna
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30296-6
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1473309920302966
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 disrupts vaccine delivery
AU  - Nelson, Roxanne
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30304-2
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1473309920303042
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Gaps in India's preparedness for COVID-19 control
AU  - Chetterje, Patralekha
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30300-5
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1473309920303005
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in Latin America
AU  - Burki, Talha
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30303-0
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1473309920303030
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prevention of COVID-19 in patients with inflammatory bowel disease in Wuhan, China
AU  - An, Ping
AU  - Ji, Mengyao
AU  - Ren, Haixia
AU  - Su, Juan
AU  - Ding, Nik Sheng
AU  - Kang, Jian
AU  - Yin, Anning
AU  - Zhou, Qian
AU  - Shen, Linyong
AU  - Zhao, Liang
AU  - Jiang, Xiaoda
AU  - Xiao, Yong
AU  - Tan, Wei
AU  - Lv, Xiaoguang
AU  - Li, Jiao
AU  - Liu, Shuzhong
AU  - Zhou, Jing
AU  - Chen, Hongbin
AU  - Xu, Yaqing
AU  - Liu, Jun
AU  - Chen, Mingkai
AU  - Cao, Jiwang
AU  - Zhou, Zhongyin
AU  - Shen, Lei
AU  - Tan, Shiyun
AU  - Yu, Honggang
AU  - Dong, Weiguo
AU  - Ding, Yijuan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-1253(20)30121-7
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468125320301217
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - ADHD management during the COVID-19 pandemic: guidance from the European ADHD Guidelines Group
AU  - Cortese, Samuele
AU  - Asherson, Philip
AU  - Sonuga-Barke, Edmund
AU  - Banaschewski, Tobias
AU  - Brandeis, Daniel
AU  - Buitelaar, Jan
AU  - Coghill, David
AU  - Daley, David
AU  - Danckaerts, Marina
AU  - Dittmann, Ralf W.
AU  - Doepfner, Manfred
AU  - Ferrin, Maite
AU  - Hollis, Chris
AU  - Holtmann, Martin
AU  - Konofal, Eric
AU  - Lecendreux, Michel
AU  - Santosh, Paramala
AU  - Rothenberger, Aribert
AU  - Soutullo, César
AU  - Steinhausen, Hans-Christoph
AU  - Taylor, Eric
AU  - Van der Oord, Saskia
AU  - Wong, Ian
AU  - Zuddas, Alessandro
AU  - Simonoff, Emily
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-4642(20)30110-3
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352464220301103
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 and viral sepsis: observations and hypotheses
AU  - Li, Hui
AU  - Liu, Liang
AU  - Zhang, Dingyu
AU  - Xu, Jiuyang
AU  - Dai, Huaping
AU  - Tang, Nan
AU  - Su, Xiao
AU  - Cao, Bin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Summary Since the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), clinicians have tried every effort to understand the disease, and a brief portrait of its clinical features have been identified. In clinical practice, we noticed that many severe or critically ill COVID-19 patients developed typical clinical manifestations of shock, including cold extremities and weak peripheral pulses, even in the absence of overt hypotension. Understanding the mechanism of viral sepsis in COVID-19 is warranted for exploring better clinical care for these patients. With evidence collected from autopsy studies on COVID-19 and basic science research on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and SARS-CoV, we have put forward several hypotheses about SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis after multiple rounds of discussion among basic science researchers, pathologists, and clinicians working on COVID-19. We hypothesise that a process called viral sepsis is crucial to the disease mechanism of COVID-19. Although these ideas might be proven imperfect or even wrong later, we believe they can provide inputs and guide directions for basic research at this moment.
JO  - The Lancet
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30920-X
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014067362030920X
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: caractéristiques cliniques, biologiques et radiologiques chez l’adulte, l’enfant et la femme enceinte. Une mise au point au cœur de la pandémie
AU  - Plaçais, L.
AU  - Richier, Q.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Résumé La propagation du nouveau coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, découvert en Chine en janvier 2020, a mené à une pandémie dès mars 2020, obligeant chaque système de soins des pays touchés à une adaptation rapide. Pour mieux faire face à cette crise sanitaire majeure, qui a donné lieu à de nombreuses publications scientifiques, nous avons synthétisé les principales études cliniques originales afin de faciliter la prise en charge au quotidien des patients atteints de COVID-19.Nous détaillons les premiers signes et l’évolution de la maladie ainsi que les différentes formes cliniques, y compris extra-pulmonaires, telles qu’elles sont connues au début de cette pandémie. Nous insistons sur les marqueurs cliniques, biologiques et scannographiques prédictifs de sévérité ou de mortalité. Enfin, nous discutons de l’impact de l’infection par le SARS-CoV-2 dans les populations suspectes d’être à haut risque de formes sévères. The spread of the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, discovered in China in January 2020, led to a pandemic as early as March 2020, forcing every health care system in the affected countries to adapt quickly. In order to better address this major health crisis, which has given rise to numerous scientific publications, we have synthesized the main original clinical studies to facilitate the day-to-day management of patients with COVID-19. We detail the early signs and progression of the disease as well as the different clinical forms, including extra-pulmonary, as known at the beginning of this pandemic. We focus on clinical, biological and CT markers predictive of severity or mortality. Finally, we discuss the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection in populations suspected to be at high risk of severe forms.
JO  - La Revue de Médecine Interne
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revmed.2020.04.004
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0248866320301193
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - La médecine interne dans la pandémie à SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Jamilloux, Yvan
AU  - Lega, Jean-Christophe
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - La Revue de Médecine Interne
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revmed.2020.04.003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0248866320301181
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - La recherche clinique à partir d’entrepôts de données. L’expérience de l’Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) à l’épreuve de la pandémie Covid-19
AU  - Daniel, Christel
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - La Revue de Médecine Interne
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revmed.2020.04.005
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S024886632030120X
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A geroscience perspective on COVID-19 mortality
AU  - Promislow, Daniel E. L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>A novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, emerged in December 2019, leading within a few months to a global pandemic. COVID-19, the disease caused by this highly contagious virus, can have serious health consequences, though risks of complications are highly age-dependent. Rates of hospitalization and death are less than 0.1% in children, but increase to 10% or more in older people. Moreover, at all ages, men are more likely than women to suffer serious consequences from COVID-19. These patterns are familiar to the geroscience community. The effects of age and sex on mortality rates from COVID-19 mirror the effects of aging on almost all major causes of mortality. These similarities are explored here, and underscore the need to consider the role of basic biological mechanisms of aging on potential treatment and outcomes of COVID-19.</p>
JO  - The Journals of Gerontology: Series A
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/gerona/glaa094
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/biomedgerontology/advance-article/doi/10.1093/gerona/glaa094/5821089
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Erratum to: COVID-19 Through the Lens of Gerontology
AU  - Le Couteur, David G.
AU  - Anderson, Rozalyn M.
AU  - Newman, Anne B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journals of Gerontology: Series A
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/gerona/glaa080
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/biomedgerontology/advance-article/doi/10.1093/gerona/glaa080/5821318
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Risks of viral contamination in healthcare professionals during laparoscopy in the Covid-19 pandemic
AU  - Veziant, J.
AU  - Bourdel, N.
AU  - Slim, K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The Covid-19 pandemic has markedly changed our practices. This article analyses the risks of contamination among healthcare professionals (HCPs) during laparoscopic surgery on patients with Covid-19. Harmful effects of aerosols from a pneumoperitoneum with the virus present have not yet been quantified. Measures for the protection of HCPs are an extrapolation of those taken during other epidemics. They must still be mandatory to minimise the risk of viral contamination. Protection measures include personal protection equipment for HCPs, adaptation of surgical technique (method for obtaining pneumoperitoneum, filters, preferred intracorporeal anastomosis, precautions during the exsufflation of the pneumoperitoneum), and organisation of the operating room.
JO  - Journal of Visceral Surgery
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jviscsurg.2020.04.010
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878788620301156
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Management of the COVID-19 epidemic by public health establishments - Analysis by the Fédération Hospitalière de France
AU  - Barro, Kathia
AU  - Malone, Antoine
AU  - Mokede, Alexandre
AU  - Chevance, Cécile
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Summary The objective of this article is to detail the measures taken in public institutions to cope with the COVID-19 epidemic. It details the initial strategy, organizational evolution towards "all-COVID", coordination between the various stakeholders and the strategy for maintaining continuity of care. The Quebec experience is also used as an example. Finally, an exit strategy must be anticipated at this phase of the epidemic. Face to the COVID-19 epidemic, the Fédération Hospitalière de France (French hospital federation) took prompt action as soon as the first cases were reported. The objective of this article is to detail these preparatory steps and their development in public institutions, in France and in Canada.
JO  - Journal of Visceral Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jviscsurg.2020.04.011
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878788620301168
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Human leukocyte antigen susceptibility map for SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Nguyen, Austin
AU  - David, Julianne K.
AU  - Maden, Sean K.
AU  - Wood, Mary A.
AU  - Weeder, Benjamin R.
AU  - Nellore, Abhinav
AU  - Thompson, Reid F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Genetic variability across the three major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I genes (human leukocyte antigen [lsqb]HLA[rsqb] A, B, and C) may affect susceptibility to and severity of severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus responsible for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We execute a comprehensive in silico analysis of viral peptide-MHC class I binding affinity across 145 HLA -A, -B, and -C genotypes for all SARS-CoV-2 peptides. We further explore the potential for cross-protective immunity conferred by prior exposure to four common human coronaviruses. The SARS-CoV-2 proteome is successfully sampled and presented by a diversity of HLA alleles. However, we found that HLA-B*46:01 had the fewest predicted binding peptides for SARS-CoV-2, suggesting individuals with this allele may be particularly vulnerable to COVID-19, as they were previously shown to be for SARS (Lin M, Tseng H-K, Trejaut JA, Lee H-L, Loo J-H, Chu C-C, Chen P-J, Su Y-W, Lim KH, Tsai Z-U, Lin R-Y, Lin R-S, Huang C-H. BMC Med Genet 4:9. 2003.). Conversely, we found that HLA-B*15:03 showed the greatest capacity to present highly conserved SARS-CoV-2 peptides that are shared among common human coronaviruses, suggesting it could enable cross-protective T-cell based immunity. Finally, we report global distributions of HLA types with potential epidemiological ramifications in the setting of the current pandemic. IMPORTANCE Individual genetic variation may help to explain different immune responses to a virus across a population. In particular, understanding how variation in HLA may affect the course of COVID-19 could help identify individuals at higher risk from the disease. HLA typing can be fast and inexpensive. Pairing HLA typing with COVID-19 testing where feasible could improve assessment of viral severity in the population. Following the development of a vaccine against SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, individuals with high-risk HLA types could be prioritized for vaccination.
JO  - Journal of Virology
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1128/JVI.00510-20
UR  - https://jvi.asm.org/content/early/2020/04/16/JVI.00510-20
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Practical diagnosis and treatment of suspected venous thromboembolism during COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Obi, Andrea T.
AU  - Barnes, Geoff D.
AU  - Wakefield, Thomas W.
AU  - Brown Rvt, Sandra
AU  - Eliason, Jonathon L.
AU  - Arndt, Erika
AU  - Henke, Peter K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A markedly increased demand for vascular ultrasound laboratory and other imaging studies in COVID-19 positive patients has occurred, due to most with markedly elevated D-dimer, and a presumed prothrombotic state in many of the very ill patients. This article summarizes a broad institutional consensus focusing on evaluation and recommended empirical therapy for COVID-19 positive patients. We recommend following the algorithms with the idea that as more data becomes available that this may well change.
JO  - Journal of Vascular Surgery: Venous and Lymphatic Disorders
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvsv.2020.04.009
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213333X20302213
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Upsurge of deep venous thrombosis in patients affected by COVID-19: preliminary data and possible explanations
AU  - Marone, Enrico M.
AU  - Rinaldi, Luigi F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Vascular Surgery: Venous and Lymphatic Disorders
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvsv.2020.04.004
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213333X20302146
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Early Experience in the COVID-19 pandemic from a Vascular Surgery Unit in a Singapore Tertiary Hospital
AU  - Tan, Glenn Wei Leong
AU  - Chandrasekar, Sadhana
AU  - Lo, Zhiwen Joseph
AU  - Hong, Qiantai
AU  - Yong, Enming
AU  - Lingam, Pravin
AU  - Zhang, Li
AU  - Quek, Lawrence Han Hwee
AU  - Pua, Uei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Vascular Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvs.2020.04.014
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0741521420305905
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Perspectives on vascular surgical practice change due to COVID-19 at a non-academic tertiary care center
AU  - Mirza, Aleem K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Vascular Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvs.2020.04.016
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0741521420305929
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Vascular Surgery Department Adjustments in the era of the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Gouveia e Melo, Ryan
AU  - Pedro, Luís Mendes
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Vascular Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvs.2020.04.017
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0741521420305930
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Venous thrombosis and arteriosclerosis obliterans of lower extremities in a very severe patient with 2019 novel coronavirus disease: a case report
AU  - Zhou, Bo
AU  - She, Jianqing
AU  - Wang, Yadan
AU  - Ma, Xiancang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) began since early December 2019, and has been declared as a public health emergency by the World Health Organization. Due to the hypercoagulable state, blood stasis and endothelial injury, severe patients with COVID-19 are at high risk for thrombosis. We report a case of very severe COVID-19 complicated with venous thrombosis and arteriosclerosis obliterans of lower extremities. Risk stratification for deep vein thrombosis and peripheral arterial disease are of vital importance for the prognosis of COVID-19.
JO  - Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11239-020-02084-w
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11239-020-02084-w
NS  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Thrombocytopenia and Its Association with Mortality in Patients with COVID-19
AU  - Yang, Xiaobo
AU  - Yang, Qingyu
AU  - Wang, Yaxin
AU  - Wu, Yongran
AU  - Xu, Jiqian
AU  - Yu, Yuan
AU  - Shang, You
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is spreading rapidly around the world. Thrombocytopenia in patients with COVID-19 has not been fully studied. OBJECTIVE: To describe thrombocytopenia in patients with COVID-19. METHODS: For each of 1476 consecutive patients with COVID-19 from Jinyintan Hospital, Wuhan, China, nadir platelet count during hospitalization was retrospectively collected and categorized into (0, 50], (50, 100], (100 - 150] or (150 - ) group after taking the unit (× 10(9/L) ) away from the report of nadir platelet count. Nadir platelet counts and in-hospital mortality were analyzed. RESULTS: Among all patients, 238 (16.1%) patients deceased and 306 (20.7%) had thrombocytopenia. Compared with survivors, non-survivors were older, were more likely to have thrombocytopenia and had lower nadir platelet counts. The in-hospital mortality was 92.1%, 61.2%, 17.5% and 4.7% for (0, 50], (50, 100], (100 - 150] and (150 - ) group, respectively. With (150 - ) as the reference, nadir platelet counts of (100 - 150], (50, 100] and (0, 50] group had a relative risk of 3.42 (95% CI 2.36 - 4.96), 9.99 (95% CI 7.16 - 13.94) and 13.68 (95% CI 9.89 - 18.92), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Thrombocytopenia is common in patients with COVID-19, and it is associated with increased risk of in-hospital mortality. The lower the platelet count is, the higher the mortality becomes.
JO  - Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH
PB  - 
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EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jth.14848
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID19 and acute coagulopathy in pregnancy
AU  - Vlachodimitropoulou Koumoutsea, Evangelia
AU  - Vivanti, Alexandre J.
AU  - Shehata, Nadine
AU  - Benachi, Alexandra
AU  - Le Gouez, Agnes
AU  - Desconclois, Celine
AU  - Whittle, Wendy
AU  - Snelgrove, John
AU  - Malinowski, Kinga Ann
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We present a putative link between maternal COVID19 infection in the peripartum period and rapid maternal deterioration with early organ dysfunction and coagulopathy. The current pandemic with SARS-CoV-2 has already resulted in high numbers of critically ill patients and deaths in the non-pregnant population, mainly due to respiratory failure. During viral outbreaks, pregnancy poses a uniquely increased risk to women due to changes to immune function, alongside physiological adaptive alterations, such as increased oxygen consumption and edema of the respiratory tract. The laboratory derangements may be reminiscent of HELLP syndrome, and thus knowledge of the COVID19 relationship is paramount for appropriate diagnosis and management. In addition to routine measurements of D-dimers, prothrombin time, and platelet count in all patients presenting with COVID19 as per ISTH guidance, monitoring of APTT and fibrinogen levels should be considered in pregnancy, as highlighted in this report. These investigations in SARS-CoV-2-positive pregnant women are vital, as their derangement may signal a more severe COVID19 infection, and may warrant pre-emptive admission and consideration of delivery to achieve maternal stabilization.
JO  - Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH
PB  - 
CY  - 
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IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jth.14856
UR  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Response to 'Reply to Anticoagulant treatment is associated with decreased mortality in severe coronavirus disease 2019 patients with coagulopathy'
AU  - Tang, Ning
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We appreciate the opportunity to respond to the comment about Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score by Dr. Coto, Ruben. We admit that we misquoted the original SOFA score including six items [1] in our paper. But we did not double-count the thrombopenia for sepsis-induced coagulopathy (SIC) score [2] in practice, it's an obvious repetitive item.
JO  - Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jth.14851
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - The procoagulant pattern of patients with COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome
AU  - Ranucci, Marco
AU  - Ballotta, Andrea
AU  - Di Dedda, Umberto
AU  - Bayshnikova, Ekaterina
AU  - Dei Poli, Marco
AU  - Resta, Marco
AU  - Falco, Mara
AU  - Albano, Gianni
AU  - Menicanti, Lorenzo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Few observations exist with respect to the pro-coagulant profile of patients with COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Reports of thromboembolic complications are scarce but suggestive for a clinical relevance of the problem. OBJECTIVES: Prospective observational study aimed to characterize the coagulation profile of COVID-19 ARDS patients with standard and viscoelastic coagulation tests, and to evaluate their changes after establishment of an aggressive thromboprophylaxis. METHODS: Sixteen patients with COVID-19 ARDS received a complete coagulation profile at the admission in the intensive care unit. Ten patients were followed in the subsequent 7 days, after increasing the dose of low molecular weight heparin, antithrombin levels correction, and clopidogrel in selected cases. RESULTS: At baseline, the patients showed a pro-coagulant profile characterized by an increased clot strength (CS, median 55 hPa, 95% interquartile range 35-63), platelet contribution to CS (PCS, 43 hPa, interquartile range 24-45), fibrinogen contribution to CS (FCS, 12 hPa, interquartile range 6-13.5 elevated D-dimer levels (5.5 μg/mL, interquartile range 2.5-6.5), hyperfibrinogenemia (794 mg/dL, interquartile range 583-933). Fibrinogen levels were associated (R(2) =0.506, P=0.003) with interleukin-6 values. After increasing the thromboprophylaxis, there was a significant (P=0.001) time-related decrease of fibrinogen levels, D-dimers (P=0.017), CS (P=0.013), PCS (P=0.035) and FCS (P=0.038). CONCLUSION: The pro-coagulant pattern of these patients may justify the clinical reports of thromboembolic complications (pulmonary embolism) during the course of the disease. Further studies are needed to assess the best prophylaxis and treatment of this condition.
JO  - Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH
PB  - 
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EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jth.14854
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Hypercoagulability of COVID-19 patients in Intensive Care Unit. A Report of Thromboelastography Findings and other Parameters of Hemostasis
AU  - Panigada, Mauro
AU  - Bottino, Nicola
AU  - Tagliabue, Paola
AU  - Grasselli, Giacomo
AU  - Novembrino, Cristina
AU  - Chantarangkul, Veena
AU  - Pesenti, Antonio
AU  - Peyvandi, Fora
AU  - Tripodi, Armando
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: The severe inflammatory state secondary to Covid-19 leads to a severe derangement of hemostasis that has been recently described as a state of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and consumption coagulopathy, defined as decreased platelet count, increased fibrin(ogen) degradation products such as D-dimer as well as low fibrinogen. AIMS: Whole blood from 24 patients admitted at the intensive care unit because of Covid-19 was collected and evaluated with thromboelastography by the TEG point-of-care device on a single occasion and six underwent repeated measurements on two consecutive days for a total of 30 observations. Plasma was evaluated for the other parameters of hemostasis. RESULTS: TEG parameters are consistent with a state of hypercoagulability as shown by decreased R and K values, and increased values of K angle and MA. Platelet count was normal or increased, prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time were near(normal). Fibrinogen was increased and D-dimer was dramatically increased. C-reactive protein was increased. Factor VIII and von Willebrand factor (n=11) were increased. Antithrombin (n=11) was marginally decreased and protein C (n=11) was increased. CONCLUSION: The results of this cohort of patients with Covid-19 are not consistent with acute DIC, rather they support hypercoagulability together with a severe inflammatory state. These findings may explain the events of venous thromboembolism observed in some of these patients and support antithrombotic prophylaxis/treatment. Clinical trials are urgently needed to establish the type of drug, dosage and optimal duration of prophylaxis.
JO  - Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH
PB  - 
CY  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jth.14850
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Inaccurate conclusions by Tang and colleagues
AU  - Greenstein, Yonatan Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - I read with interest the study by Tang and colleagues, published March 27, 2020, entitled "Anticoagulant treatment is associated with decreased mortality in severe coronavirus disease patients with coagulopathy." Unfortunately, this retrospective study came to conclusions that are inaccurate with the information provided. The authors use of the word "therapy" implies that patients were given therapeutic doses of anticoagulants, however, doses appear to be most consistent with prophylaxis dosing. The authors report that 94 patients received enoxaparin at 40-60mg/day. They did not specify the route of administration, subcutaneous (SC) or intravenous (IV), nor did they specify the percentage of patients that received which dose. The 40mg per day dose of enoxaparin given SC is the prophylactic dose. The 60mg per day IV dose would be therapeutic for patients weighing 40kg, not a typical weight for an adult patient.
JO  - Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH
PB  - 
CY  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jth.14857
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Reply to "Anticoagulant treatment is associated with decreased mortality in severe coronavirus disease 2019 patients with coagulopathy"
AU  - Coto-Hernández, Rubén
AU  - Fábregas Ruano, María Teresa
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We have just read with interest the article recently published in your Journal and titled "Anticoagulant treatment is associated with decreased mortality in severe coronavirus disease 2019 patients with coagulopathy" by Tang N. et al (1). In this article, it is suggested that those patients with COVID-19 that accomplish the Sepsis-Induced Coagulopathy (SIC) criteria, and receive anticoagulant treatment would present a reduction of mortality rates. It is well known that both shock and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) are the two major causes of organ dysfunction in sepsis (2). Furthermore, DIC is a strong predictor of mortality in patients with sepsis, independently of the severity of sepsis (2).
JO  - Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jth.14852
UR  - 
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Thromboinflammation and the hypercoagulability of COVID-19
AU  - Connors, Jean M.
AU  - Levy, Jerrold H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The pathogenic coronavirus has been wreaking havoc worldwide since January. Infection with SARS-CoV-2 is problematic as no one has prior immunity, and no specific antiviral treatments are available. While many people with COVID-19 develop mild to moderate symptoms, some develop profound seemingly unchecked inflammatory responses leading to acute lung injury and hypoxemic respiratory failure, the most common cause for death.
JO  - Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jth.14849
UR  - 
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - ISTH interim guidance on recognition and management of coagulopathy in COVID-19: A Comment
AU  - Barrett, Christopher D.
AU  - Moore, Hunter B.
AU  - Yaffe, Michael B.
AU  - Moore, Ernest E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We read with interest the International Society on Thrombosis and Hemostasis interim guidance on recognition and management of coagulopathy in COVID-19 (1). We applaud this group's efforts in releasing a timely article on the pandemic impacting all regions of the globe. While we agree that this interim guidance addresses important considerations for monitoring the disease process, we believe that the proposed treatment strategy of prophylactic low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) to treat severe COVID-19 coagulopathy is an unconvincing strategy. Patients that are critically ill with COVID-19 have hallmark signs of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)(2), and as noted in the ISTH interim guidance and our own clinical practice, thrombosis is the overwhelming phenotype with rare bleeding complications. We address this concern with the existing data on the severe hypercoagulable state of COVID-19 victims and advocate for consideration of systemic anticoagulation with unfractionated heparin to prevent life threatening micro- and macrovascular thrombosis to mitigate their associated consequences, up to and including progression of respiratory and organ failure.
JO  - Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jth.14860
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Potential of Heparin and Nafamostat Combination Therapy for COVID-19
AU  - Asakura, Hidesaku
AU  - Ogawa, Haruhiko
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Tang et al. recently reported that (Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis), in COVID-19 infections caused by the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), heparin anticoagulant therapy lowers the mortality rate in patients who present with markedly elevated concentrations of D-dimer 1). In other words, abnormal coagulation may influence the prognosis of COVID-19. This is extremely interesting. The article did not describe to what extent heparin improves the abnormal coagulation and further studies by this group are anticipated. The authors reported in that article 1) and a previous article 2) that the abnormal coagulation seen in non-survivors of COVID-19 clearly differs from the abnormal coagulation typically seen in other severe infectious diseases.
JO  - Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jth.14858
UR  - 
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - RE: ISTH interim guidance to recognition and management of coagulopathy in COVID-19
AU  - Akima, Satoshi
AU  - McLintock, Claire
AU  - Hunt, Beverley J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The unrelenting acceleration of COVID-19 infections due to SARS-CoV-2 is unquestionably the greatest medical challenge of our professional careers. The Scientific and Standardisation Committee (SSC) on disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) of the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH) is to be commended for the rapid publication of guidance for clinicians worldwide to assist in management of the coagulopathy widely reported to be associated with severe COVID-19 infection. However, we would like to offer constructive feedback as to how the SSC's interim guidance1 might be improved.
JO  - Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH
PB  - 
CY  - 
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IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jth.14853
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - D-dimer levels on admission to predict in-hospital mortality in patients with Covid-19
AU  - Zhang, Litao
AU  - Yan, Xinsheng
AU  - Fan, Qingkun
AU  - Liu, Haiyan
AU  - Liu, Xintian
AU  - Liu, Zejin
AU  - Zhang, Zhenlu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Background The outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) shows a global spreading trend. Early and effective predictors of clinical outcomes is urgent needed to improve management of Covid-19 patients. Objective The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether elevated D-dimer levels could predict mortality in patients with Covid-19. Methods Patients with laboratory confirmed Covid-19 were retrospective enrolled in Wuhan Asia General Hospital from January 12, 2020 to March 15, 2020. D-dimer levels on admission, and death events were collected to calculate the optimum cutoff using receiver operating characteristic curve. According to the cutoff, the subjects were divided into two groups. Then the in-hospital mortality between two groups were compared to assess the predictive value of D-dimer level. Results A total of 343 eligible patients were enrolled in the study. The optimum cutoff value of D-dimer to predict in-hospital mortality was 2.0 µg/ml with a sensitivity of 92.3% and a specificity of 83.3%. There were 67 patients with D-dimer≥2.0 µg/ml, and 267 patients with D-dimer <2.0 µg/ml on admission. 13 deaths occurred during hospitalization. Patients with D-dimer levels≥2.0 µg/ml had a higher incidence of mortality when comparing to those who with D-dimer levels < 2.0 µg/ml (12/67 vs 1/267, P<0.001, HR:51.5, 95%CI:12.9-206.7). Conclusions D-dimer on admission greater than 2.0µg/mL (fourfold increase) could effectively predict in-hospital mortality in patients with Covid-19, which indicated D-dimer could be an early and helpful marker to improve management of Covid-19 patients.
JO  - Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jth.14859
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jth.14859
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Alert to Potential Contagiousness: A Case of Lung Cancer with Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infection
AU  - Ouyang, Wen
AU  - Yu, Jing
AU  - Zhang, Junhong
AU  - Xie, Conghua
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Thoracic Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtho.2020.04.005
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1556086420303002
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Rapid Detection of Asymptomatic COVID-19 by CT Image-Guidance for Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy
AU  - McGinnis, Gwendolyn J.
AU  - Ning, Matthew S.
AU  - Nitsch, Paige L.
AU  - O’Reilly, Michael
AU  - McAleer, Mary Frances
AU  - Koong, Albert C.
AU  - Chang, Joe Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Thoracic Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtho.2020.04.007
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1556086420303191
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Adult cardiac surgery during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Tiered Patient Triage Guidance Statement
AU  - Haft, Jonathan W.
AU  - Atluri, Pavan
AU  - Alawadi, Gorav
AU  - Engelman, Daniel
AU  - Grant, Michael C.
AU  - Hassan, Ansar
AU  - Legare, Jean-Francois
AU  - Whitman, Glenn
AU  - Arora, Rakesh C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In the setting of the current novel coronavirus pandemic, this document has been generated to provide guiding statements for the adult cardiac surgeon to consider in a rapidly evolving national landscape. Acknowledging the risk for a potentially prolonged need for cardiac surgery procedure deferral, the authors have created this proposed template for physicians and interdisciplinary teams to consider in protecting their patients, institution and their highly specialized cardiac surgery team. In addition, recommendations on the transition from traditional in-person patient assessments and outpatient follow-up are provided. Lastly, we advocate that the cardiac surgeon must continue to serve as leaders, experts, and relevant members of our medical community, shifting our role as necessary in this time of need.
JO  - The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
PB  - 
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EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcvs.2020.04.011
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022522320308904
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical features and multidisciplinary treatment outcome of COVID-19 pneumonia: A report of three cases
AU  - Liu, Chun
AU  - Wu, Changhui
AU  - Zheng, Xiangde
AU  - Zeng, Fanwei
AU  - Liu, Jinping
AU  - Wang, Pingxi
AU  - Zeng, Fanxin
AU  - Yuan, Lin
AU  - Zhu, Fangcheng
AU  - Gan, Xuemei
AU  - Huang, Yucheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a pandemic threatening global public health. In the current paper, we describe our successful treatment of three COVID-19 pneumonia patients cases including severe cases and cases with mortality risk factors. One 32-year-old male COVID-19 patient was diagnosed with severe COVID-19 pneumonia and moderate ARDS. The second COVID-19 pneumonia patient had a history of diabetes and chronic bronchitis. The third case of COVID-19 pneumonia was an 82-year old female patient. All three cases had severe COVID pneumonia and therefore were aggressively managed with a multidisciplinary and personalized therapeutic approach that included nutritional support, antiviral pharmacotherapy, active control of comorbidities, prevention of complication development and psychological intervention. Our experience highlights the importance of the use of a multidisciplinary therapeutic approach that tailors to the specific condition of the patient in achieving a favorable clinical outcome.
JO  - Journal of the Formosan Medical Association
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfma.2020.04.008
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0929664620301443
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: Countermeasure for N95 mask-induced pressure sore
AU  - Yin, ZhiQiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As known to all, World Health Organization has declared on March 11th, 2020 that Coronavirus (Covid-19) epidemic could be characterized as a pandemic, which proposed a big challenge for healthcare works worldwide, especially doctors and nurses. The strong infectiousness of SARS-CoV-2 forces medical personnel to do good and needful safeguard against virus.
JO  - Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jdv.16490
UR  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Skin Reactions to Non-glove Personal Protective Equipment: An Emerging Issue in the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Gheisari, Mehdi
AU  - Araghi, Farnaz
AU  - Moravvej, Hamideh
AU  - Tabary, Mohammadreza
AU  - Dadkhahfar, Sahar
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Protecting healthcare workers (HCWs) is crucial during Corona Virus Disease 2019 pandemic and requires wearing personal protective equipment (PPE) [1]. While most of the studies have focused on the skin reactions caused by gloves, other PPE such as gowns, respirator masks, face shields and goggles are also worn by HCWs for long hours during the current epidemic and skin irritations caused by these equipment may cause discouragement of health workers from using them [2]. In this letter we have focused on the reaction caused by non-glove PPE.
JO  - Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jdv.16492
UR  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Should SARS-CoV-2 influence immunosuppressive therapy for autoimmune blistering diseases?
AU  - Di Altobrando, Ambra
AU  - Patrizi, Annalisa
AU  - Bardazzi, Federico
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In this dramatic period where the whole world is affected by the outbreak of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19), scientific data relating to the causative virus SARS-CoV-2 as well as the subsequent therapeutic repercussions on the management of other diseases should be divulged in order to share as much information as possible among experts in a timely manner.
JO  - Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jdv.16491
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Rapid Development of Telehealth Capabilities within Pediatric Patient Portal Infrastructure for COVID-19 Care: Barriers, Solutions, Results
AU  - Patel, Pious D.
AU  - Cobb, Jared
AU  - Wright, Deidre
AU  - Turer, Rob
AU  - Jordan, Tiffany
AU  - Humphrey, Amber
AU  - Kepner, Adrienne L.
AU  - Smith, Gaye
AU  - Rosenbloom, S. Trent
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>The COVID-19 national emergency has led to surging care demand and the need for unprecedented telehealth expansion. Rapid telehealth expansion can be especially complex for pediatric patients. From the experience of a large academic medical center, this report describes a pathway for efficiently increasing capacity of remote pediatric enrollment for telehealth while fulfilling privacy, security, and convenience concerns. The design and implementation of the process took two days. Weekly enrollment subsequently increased 10-fold for children (age 0-12 years) and 1.2-fold for adolescents (age 13-17 years). Weekly telehealth visits increased 200-fold for children and 90-fold for adolescents. The obstacles and solutions presented in this report can provide guidance to health systems for similar challenges during the COVID-19 response and future disasters.</p>
JO  - Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association
PB  - 
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EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/jamia/ocaa065
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/jamia/advance-article/doi/10.1093/jamia/ocaa065/5821425
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Being a Surgeon in the Pandemic Era
AU  - Chia, Clement L. K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American College of Surgeons
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2020.04.010
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S107275152030315X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pandemic: Radiologists’ Ethical and Professional Responsibilities
AU  - Love, Harrison L.
AU  - Gunderman, Richard B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American College of Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacr.2020.04.009
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1546144020304026
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Italian Radiology's response to the COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Laghi, Andrea
AU  - Grassi, Roberto
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American College of Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacr.2020.04.012
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1546144020304063
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Potential Dangers of AI for Radiology and Radiologists
AU  - Chu, Linda C.
AU  - Anandkumar, Anima
AU  - Chang Shin, Hoo
AU  - Fishman, Elliot K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American College of Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacr.2020.04.010
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1546144020304038
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and Thrombotic or Thromboembolic Disease: Implications for Prevention, Antithrombotic Therapy, and Follow-up
AU  - Bikdeli, Behnood
AU  - Madhavan, Mahesh V.
AU  - Jimenez, David
AU  - Chuich, Taylor
AU  - Dreyfus, Isaac
AU  - Driggin, Elissa
AU  - Nigoghossian, Caroline Der
AU  - Ageno, Walter
AU  - Madjid, Mohammad
AU  - Guo, Yutao
AU  - Tang, Liang V.
AU  - Hu, Yu
AU  - Giri, Jay
AU  - Cushman, Mary
AU  - Quéré, Isabelle
AU  - Dimakakos, Evangelos P.
AU  - Gibson, C. Michael
AU  - Lippi, Giuseppe
AU  - Favaloro, Emmanuel J.
AU  - Fareed, Jawed
AU  - Caprini, Joseph A.
AU  - Tafur, Alfonso J.
AU  - Burton, John R.
AU  - Francese, Dominic P.
AU  - Wang, Elizabeth Y.
AU  - Falanga, Anna
AU  - McLintock, Claire
AU  - Hunt, Beverley J.
AU  - Spyropoulos, Alex C.
AU  - Barnes, Geoffrey D.
AU  - Eikelboom, John W.
AU  - Weinberg, Ido
AU  - Schulman, Sam
AU  - Carrier, Marc
AU  - Piazza, Gregory
AU  - Beckman, Joshua A.
AU  - Steg, P. Gabriel
AU  - Stone, Gregg W.
AU  - Rosenkranz, Stephan
AU  - Goldhaber, Samuel Z.
AU  - Parikh, Sahil A.
AU  - Monreal, Manuel
AU  - Krumholz, Harlan M.
AU  - Konstantinides, Stavros V.
AU  - Weitz, Jeffrey I.
AU  - Lip, Gregory Y. H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a viral respiratory illness caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), may predispose patients to thrombotic disease, both in the venous and arterial circulations, due to excessive inflammation, platelet activation, endothelial dysfunction, and stasis. In addition, many patients receiving antithrombotic therapy for thrombotic disease may develop COVID-19, which can have implications for choice, dosing, and laboratory monitoring of antithrombotic therapy. Moreover, during a time with much focus on COVID-19, it is critical to consider how to optimize the available technology to care for patients without COVID-19 who have thrombotic disease. Herein, we review the current understanding of the pathogenesis, epidemiology, management and outcomes of patients with COVID-19 who develop venous or arterial thrombosis, and of those with preexisting thrombotic disease who develop COVID-19, or those who need prevention or care for their thrombotic disease during the COVID-19 pandemic.
JO  - Journal of the American College of Cardiology
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2020.04.031
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735109720350087
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and Racial Disparities
AU  - Shah, Monica
AU  - Sachdeva, Muskaan
AU  - Dodiuk-Gad, Roni P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2020.04.046
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0190962220306599
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Teledermatology in the Era of COVID-19: Experience of an Academic Department of Dermatology
AU  - Perkins, Sara
AU  - Cohen, Jeffrey M.
AU  - Nelson, Caroline A.
AU  - Bunick, Christopher G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2020.04.048
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0190962220306617
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The AAD COVID-19 Registry: Crowdsourcing Dermatology in the Age of COVID-19
AU  - Freeman, Esther E.
AU  - McMahon, Devon E.
AU  - Fitzgerald, Matthew E.
AU  - Fox, Lindy P.
AU  - Rosenbach, Misha
AU  - Takeshita, Junko
AU  - French, Lars E.
AU  - Thiers, Bruce H.
AU  - Hruza, George J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2020.04.045
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0190962220306587
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Addressing General Surgery residents’ concerns in the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - He, Katherine
AU  - Stolarski, Allan
AU  - Whang, Edward
AU  - Kristo, Gentian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Surgical Education
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsurg.2020.04.003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1931720420301185
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Acute Stroke Care in the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic
AU  - Dafer, Rima M.
AU  - Osteraas, Nicholas D.
AU  - Md, Jose Biller
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic respiratory disease with serious public health risk, and has taken the world off guard with its rapid spread. As the COVID-19 pandemic intensifies, overwhelming the healthcare system and the medical community, current practice for the management of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) will require modification, and guidelines should be relaxed while maintaining high standard quality of care. The aim of these suggestions is to avoid contributing to the rapid spread of COVID-19 as well as to conserve what are likely to be very limited resources (including personnel, intensive care/hospital beds as well as physicians) while maintain high quality care for patients with AIS. We present our recommendations for the management of acute stroke during the COVID-19 pandemics.
JO  - Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 104881-104881
SP  - 104881
EP  - 104881
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2020.104881
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1052305720302780
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Susceptibility of Southwestern American Indian Tribes to Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
AU  - Kakol, Monika
AU  - Upson, Dona
AU  - Sood, Akshay
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jrh.12451
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Is One Diagnostic Test for COVID-19 Enough?
AU  - McAleer, Michael
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - There is no doubt about the importance of diagnostic testing in an emergency; specifically, which range of tests is available, where and when they are dispensed, and who might be tested using laboratory-developed tests, or other diagnostic tests including experimental tests. This includes testing for the SARS-CoV-2 virus that causes the COVID-19 disease. Testing is essential to &ldquo;flatten the curve&rdquo; of the number of confirmed positive cases of the disease, in addition to handwashing, isolation, and social distancing, among other essential measures. Is one diagnostic test enough to obtain the correct decision about a confirmed positive outcome?
JO  - Journal of Risk and Financial Management 2020, Vol. 13, Page 77
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 13
IS  - 4
PG  - 77-77
SP  - 77
EP  - 77
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/JRFM13040077
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/1911-8074/13/4/77
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The COVID-19 Pandemic: a Call to Action to Identify and Address Racial and Ethnic Disparities
AU  - Laurencin, Cato T.
AU  - McClinton, Aneesah
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has significantly impacted and devastated the world. As the infection spreads, the projected mortality and economic devastation are unprecedented. In particular, racial and ethnic minorities may be at a particular disadvantage as many already assume the status of a marginalized group. Black Americans have a long-standing history of disadvantage and are in a vulnerable position to experience the impact of this crisis and the myth of Black immunity to COVID-19 is detrimental to promoting and maintaining preventative measures. We are the first to present the earliest available data in the peer-reviewed literature on the racial and ethnic distribution of COVID-19-confirmed cases and fatalities in the state of Connecticut. We also seek to explode the myth of Black immunity to the virus. Finally, we call for a National Commission on COVID-19 Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities to further explore and respond to the unique challenges that the crisis presents for Black and Brown communities.
JO  - Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-5
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s40615-020-00756-0
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s40615-020-00756-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 2019 Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) overview
AU  - Mohammadi, Mehrdad
AU  - Meskini, Maryam
AU  - do Nascimento Pinto, Anderia Lucia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Novel coronaviruses (CoVs) are zoonotic pathogens, but the first human-to-human transmission has been reported. CoVs have the best known genome of all RNA viruses, and mutations in the genome have now been found. A pneumonia of unknown cause detected in Wuhan, China, was first reported to the WHO Country Office in China on 31 December 2019. This study aims to report early findings related to COVID-19 and provide methods to prevent and treat it.
JO  - Journal of Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-9
SP  - 1
EP  - 9
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s10389-020-01258-3
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10389-020-01258-3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Drug repositioning: a brief overview
AU  - Jourdan, Jean-Pierre
AU  - Bureau, Ronan
AU  - Rochais, Christophe
AU  - Dallemagne, Patrick
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Objectives Drug repositioning, that is, the use of a drug in an indication other than the one for which it was initially marketed, is a growing trend. Its origins lie mainly in the attrition experienced in recent years in the field of new drug discovery. Key findings Despite some regulatory and economic challenges, drug repositioning offers many advantages, and a number of recent successes have confirmed both its public health benefits and its commercial value. The first examples of successful drug repositioning mainly came about through serendipity like acetylsalicylic acid, thalidomide, sildenafil or dimethylfumarate. Conclusion The history of great-repositioned drugs has given some solutions to various pathologies. Serendipity is not yet useful to find repositioning drugs. Drug repositioning is of growing interest. Nowadays, a more rational approach to the identification of drug candidates for repositioning is possible, especially using data mining.
JO  - Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jphp.13273
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jphp.13273
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Women and children first: the need for ringfencing during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Grünebaum, Amos
AU  - Dudenhausen, Joachim
AU  - McCullough, Laurence B.
AU  - Chervenak, Frank A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of perinatal medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1515/jpm-2020-0149
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Frailty and Seasonality
AU  - Dent, Elsa
AU  - Ambagtsheer, R. C.
AU  - Beilby, J.
AU  - Stewart, S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The journal of nutrition, health & aging
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12603-020-1367-7
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12603-020-1367-7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Yttrium-90 Radioembolization: Telemedicine during COVID-19 outbreak, opportunity for prime time
AU  - Quek, Lawrence Han Hwee N. A.
AU  - Kannivelu, Anbalagan
AU  - Pua, Uei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2967/jnumed.120.246389
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Letter to the Editor: Who was the first doctor to report the Covid-19 outbreak in Wuhan, China?
AU  - Li, Xixing
AU  - Cui, Weina
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2967/jnumed.120.247262
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The role of Nuclear Medicine for COVID-19 - Time to act now
AU  - Juengling, Freimut D.
AU  - Maldonado, Antonio
AU  - Wuest, Frank
AU  - Schindler, Thomas Hellmut
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2967/jnumed.120.246611
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Adapting to a novel disruptive threat: Nuclear Cardiology Service in the time of the Coronavirus (COVID-19) Outbreak 2020 (SARS REBOOT)
AU  - Loke, Kelvin S. H.
AU  - Tham, Wei Ying
AU  - Bharadwaj, Pushan
AU  - Keng, Felix Y. J.
AU  - Huang, Zijuan
AU  - Idu, Muhammad Bin
AU  - Wong, Yen Ming
AU  - Tan, Paul Kia Siong
AU  - Zaheer, Sumbul
AU  - Khor, Yiu Ming
AU  - Ng, David Chee Eng
AU  - Wong, Wai Yin
AU  - Tong, Aaron Kian-Ti
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Nuclear Cardiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-5
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12350-020-02117-0
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12350-020-02117-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Editorial. COVID-19 and spinal surgery
AU  - Ghogawala, Zoher
AU  - Kurpad, Shekar
AU  - Falavigna, Asdrubal
AU  - Groff, Michael W.
AU  - Sciubba, Daniel M.
AU  - Wu, Jau-Ching
AU  - Park, Paul
AU  - Berven, Sigurd
AU  - Hoh, Daniel J.
AU  - Bisson, Erica F.
AU  - Steinmetz, Michael P.
AU  - Wang, Marjorie C.
AU  - Chou, Dean
AU  - Sansur, Charles A.
AU  - Smith, Justin S.
AU  - Tumialán, Luis M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of neurosurgery. Spine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3171/2020.4.SPINE20468
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Editorial. Pediatric neurosurgery along with Children's Hospitals' innovations are rapid and uniform in response to the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Weiner, Howard L.
AU  - Adelson, P. David
AU  - Brockmeyer, Douglas L.
AU  - Maher, Cormac O.
AU  - Gupta, Nalin
AU  - Smyth, Matthew D.
AU  - Jea, Andrew
AU  - Blount, Jeffrey P.
AU  - Riva-Cambrin, Jay
AU  - Lam, Sandi K.
AU  - Ahn, Edward S.
AU  - Albert, Gregory W.
AU  - Leonard, Jeffrey R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of neurosurgery. Pediatrics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3171/2020.4.PEDS20240
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Editorial. Innovations in neurosurgical education during the COVID-19 pandemic: is it time to reexamine our neurosurgical training models?
AU  - Tomlinson, Samuel B.
AU  - Hendricks, Benjamin K.
AU  - Cohen-Gadol, Aaron A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of neurosurgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3171/2020.4.JNS201012
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Editorial. Task shifting and task sharing for neurosurgeons amidst the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Robertson, Faith C.
AU  - Lippa, Laura
AU  - Broekman, Marike L. D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of neurosurgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3171/2020.4.JNS201056
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Editorial. Endonasal neurosurgery during the COVID-19 pandemic: the Singapore perspective
AU  - Lo, Yu Tung
AU  - Yang Teo, Neville Wei
AU  - Ang, Beng Ti
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of neurosurgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3171/2020.4.JNS201036
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Editorial. COVID-19 and its impact on neurosurgery: our early experience in Singapore
AU  - Lee, Zhiquan Damian
AU  - Chyi Yeu, David Low
AU  - Ang, Beng Ti
AU  - Ng, Wai Hoe
AU  - Seow, Wan Tew
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of neurosurgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3171/2020.4.JNS201026
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Editorial. COVID-19 outbreak and its countermeasures in the Republic of Korea
AU  - Kim, Kyung Hyun
AU  - Choi, Eun Hwa
AU  - Kim, Seung-Ki
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of neurosurgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3171/2020.4.JNS201062
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Editorial. A neurosurgery resident's response to COVID-19: anything but routine
AU  - Choi, Bryan D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of neurosurgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3171/2020.4.JNS201028
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Editorial. COVID-19 and academic neurosurgery
AU  - Carter, Bob S.
AU  - Chiocca, E. Antonio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of neurosurgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3171/2020.4.JNS201013
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Editorial. Neurosurgical priority setting during a pandemic: COVID-19
AU  - Bernstein, Mark
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of neurosurgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3171/2020.4.JNS201031
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Editorial. Impact of COVID-19 on neurosurgery resident training and education
AU  - Bambakidis, Nicholas C.
AU  - Tomei, Krystal L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of neurosurgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3171/2020.3.JNS20965
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Multiple sclerosis and the risk of infection: considerations in the threat of the novel coronavirus, COVID-19/SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Willis, M. D.
AU  - Robertson, N. P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Neurology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00415-020-09822-3
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00415-020-09822-3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - European Society of Minimally Invasive Neurological Therapy (ESMINT) recommendations for optimal interventional neurovascular management in the covid-19 era
AU  - Aggour, Mohamed
AU  - White, Phil
AU  - Kulcsar, Zsolt
AU  - Fiehler, Jens
AU  - Brouwer, Patrick
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of neurointerventional surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/neurintsurg-2020-016137
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Phylogenetic Analysis and Structural Modeling of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Reveals an Evolutionary Distinct and Proteolytically-Sensitive Activation Loop
AU  - Jaimes, Javier A.
AU  - André, Nicole M.
AU  - Chappie, Joshua S.
AU  - Millet, Jean K.
AU  - Whittaker, Gary R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV/SARS-CoV-2) originally arose as part of a major outbreak of respiratory disease centered on Hubei province China. It is now a global pandemic and is a major public health concern. Taxonomically SARS-CoV-2 was shown to be a Betacoronavirus (lineage B) closely related to SARS-CoV and SARS-related bat coronaviruses, and it has been reported to share a common receptor with SARS-CoV (ACE-2). Subsequently betacoronaviruses from pangolins were identified as close relatives to SARS-CoV-2. Here, we perform structural modeling of the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein. Our data provide support for the similar receptor utilization between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV, despite a relatively low amino acid similarity in the receptor binding module. Compared to SARS-CoV and all other coronaviruses in Betacoronavirus lineage B, we identify an extended structural loop containing basic amino acids at the interface of the receptor binding (S1) and fusion (S2) domains. We suggest this loop confers fusion activation and entry properties more in line with betacoronaviruses in lineage A and C, and be a key component in the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 with this structural loop affecting virus stability and transmission.
JO  - Journal of Molecular Biology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2020.04.009
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022283620302874
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Management of mild cases of COVID-19 in low-resource countries: An experience in Vietnam
AU  - Than, Hung Manh
AU  - Nong, Vuong Minh
AU  - Nguyen, Cap Trung
AU  - Thi Tran, Ninh Hai
AU  - Do, Cuong Duy
AU  - Pham, Thach Ngoc
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2020.04.012
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1684118220301067
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Assessment of the quality of systematic reviews on COVID-19: A comparative study of previous coronavirus outbreaks
AU  - Yu, Yang
AU  - Shi, Qianling
AU  - Zheng, Peng
AU  - Gao, Lei
AU  - Li, Haiyuan
AU  - Tao, Pengxian
AU  - Gu, Baohong
AU  - Wang, Dengfeng
AU  - Chen, Hao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Several systematic reviews (SRs) have been conducted on COVID-19 outbreak, which together with the SRs on previous coronavirus outbreaks, form important sources of evidence for clinical decision and policy making. Here, we investigated the methodological quality of SRs on COVID-19, SARS, and MERS. METHODS: Online searches were performed to obtain SRs on COVID-19, SARS, and MERS. The methodological quality of the included SRs was assessed using the AMSTAR-2 tool. Descriptive statistics were used to present the data. RESULTS: In total, of 49 SRs that were finally included in our study, 17, 16, and 16 SRs were specifically on COVID-19, MERS, and SARS, respectively. The growth rate of SRs on COVID-19 was the highest (4.54/month) presently. Of the included SRs, 6, 12, and 31 SRs were of moderate, low, and critically low quality, respectively. SRs on SARS showed the optimum quality among the SRs on the three diseases. Subgroup analyses showed that the SR topic (P<0.001), involvement of a methodologist (P<0.001), and funding support (P=0.046) were significantly associated with the methodological quality of the SR. According to the adherence scores, adherence to AMSTAR-2 items sequentially decreased in SRs on SARS, MERS, and COVID-19. CONCLUSIONS: The methodological quality of most SRs on coronavirus outbreaks is unsatisfactory, and those on COVID-19 have higher risks of poor quality, despite the rapid actions taken to conduct SRs. The quality of SRs should be improved in the future. Readers must exercise caution in accepting and using the results of these SRs. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25901
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - High IL-6/IFN-gamma ratio could be associated with severe disease in COVID-19 patients
AU  - Lagunas-Rangel, Francisco Alejandro
AU  - Chavez-Valencia, Venice
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Cytokines are important mediators of the inflammatory response, and during infection with SARS-CoV-2 it has been suggested that there is a cytokine storm syndrome. In this study, a meta-analysis was performed to investigate whether the IL-6/IFN-gamma ratio can help predict clinical severity in patients with COVID-19. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Journal of medical virology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/jmv.25900
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Health Communication Through News Media During the Early Stage of the COVID-19 Outbreak in China: A Digital Topic Modeling Approach
AU  - Liu, Qian
AU  - Zheng, Zequan
AU  - Zheng, Jiabin
AU  - Chen, Qiuyi
AU  - Liu, Guan
AU  - Chen, Sihan
AU  - Chu, Bojia
AU  - Zhu, Hongyu
AU  - Akinwunmi, Babatunde
AU  - Huang, Jian
AU  - Zhang, Casper J. P.
AU  - Ming, Wai-Kit
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: In December 2019, a few COVID-19 cases were first reported in Wuhan, Hubei, China. Soon after, increasing cases were detected in other parts of China and soon the disease broke out in China. As this dreadful disease spreads rapidly, the mass media has been active in community education on COVID-19 by delivering health information about this novel coronavirus, such as its pathogenesis, spread, and prevention/containment. OBJECTIVE: This study collected media reports on COVID-19 and investigated the patterns of media-directed health communications as well as the role of media in this ongoing COVID-19 crisis in China. METHODS: We adopted the WiseSearch database to extract related news articles about coronavirus from major press media, between January 1st, 2020, to February 20th, 2020. We then sorted and analyzed the data using Python software and Python package Jieba. We sought a suitable topic number with evidence of the coherence number. We operated Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) topic modeling with the suitable topic number and generated corresponding keywords and topic names. We then divided these topics into different themes by plotting them into two-dimensional plane via multidimensional scaling. RESULTS: After removing duplications and irrelevant reports, our search identified 7791 relevant news reports. We listed the number of articles published per day. According to the coherence value, we chose 20 as our number of topics, and the generated topics' themes and keywords. These topics were categorized into nine main primary themes based on the topic visualization figure. The top three popular themes were prevention and control procedures, medical treatment and research, global/local social/economic influences, accounting for 32.6%, 16.6%, 11.8% of the collected reports respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Topic modeling of news articles can produce useful information about the significance of mass media for early health communication. Comparing the number of articles each day and the outbreak development, we note that mass media news reports in China lag behind the development of COVID-19. The major themes accounted for around half the content and tended to focus on the larger society than on individuals. The COVID-19 crisis has become a global issue, and society has also become concerned about donation and support as well as mental health. We recommend that future work should address the mass media's actual impact on readers during the COVID-19 crisis through sentiment analysis of news data.
JO  - Journal of medical Internet research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2196/19118
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Less is more: Intelligent intensive care for SARS-CoV-2 based on the imaging data
AU  - Abdollahi, Hamid
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmir.2020.04.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1939865420300424
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Adapting to a global pandemic through live virtual delivery of a cancer collaborative trial group conference: the TROG 2020 experience
AU  - McDowell, Lachlan
AU  - Goode, Susan
AU  - Sundaresan, Puma
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - INTRODUCTION: The global COVID-19 pandemic forced the cancellation of the TROG 2020 face to face Annual Scientific Meeting (ASM). It was instead delivered as a live virtual meeting with six days of planning. Here we report the participants' experience of this live virtual meeting. METHOD: Participants were invited to complete custom developed, pre and post meeting surveys to assess their expectations of and satisfaction with the live virtual format. Speakers and moderators were also invited to complete a custom developed satisfaction survey. The working parties of TROG (head neck/skin, genitourinary, breast and lung) were also sampled. RESULTS: In total, 188/273 (69%) registered participants logged in to the live virtual meeting. The online engagement for each of the oral sessions ranged from 53-66%. There were 102 and 57 responders to the online pre and post meeting surveys, respectively. The majority of pre meeting responders indicated a significant level of employer support to attend the virtual meeting. Post meeting satisfaction exceeded pre meeting expectations ('very much' and 'quite a bit'; 86% v 54%; p<0.0001). The majority indicated they would be 'quite a bit' or 'very much' interested in future live virtual meetings. CONCLUSION: The TROG 2020 ASM was conducted as a live virtual meeting. Participant satisfaction and future interest in a live virtual meeting was high, indicating this is a viable platform for other CCTG's faced with the decision to deliver virtual content at times of global public health threats.
JO  - Journal of medical imaging and radiation oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/1754-9485.13047
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Screening Center: How to Balance between the Speed and Safety?
AU  - Lee, Jacob
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Korean medical science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 35
IS  - 15
PG  - e157-e157
SP  - e157
EP  - e157
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e157
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Fast Screening Systems for COVID-19
AU  - Kym, Sungmin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Korean medical science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 35
IS  - 15
PG  - e153-e153
SP  - e153
EP  - e153
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e153
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Brief Telephone Severity Scoring System and Therapeutic Living Centers Solved Acute Hospital-Bed Shortage during the COVID-19 Outbreak in Daegu, Korea
AU  - Kim, Shin Woo
AU  - Lee, Kyeong Soo
AU  - Kim, Keonyeop
AU  - Lee, Jung Jeung
AU  - Kim, Jong Yeon
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - With the epidemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2, the number of infected patients was rapidly increasing in Daegu, Korea. With a maximum of 741 new patients per day in the city as of February 29, 2020, hospital-bed shortage was a great challenge to the local healthcare system. We developed and applied a remote brief severity scoring system, administered by telephone for assigning priority for hospitalization and arranging for facility isolation ("therapeutic living centers") for the patients starting on February 29, 2020. Fifteen centers were operated for the 3,033 admissions to the COVID-19 therapeutic living centers. Only 81 cases (2.67%) were transferred to hospitals after facility isolation. We think that this brief severity scoring system for COVID-19 worked safely to solve the hospital-bed shortage. Telephone scoring of the severity of disease and therapeutic living centers could be very useful in overcoming the shortage of hospital-beds that occurs during outbreaks of infectious diseases.
JO  - Journal of Korean medical science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 35
IS  - 15
PG  - e152-e152
SP  - e152
EP  - e152
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e152
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Walk-Through Screening Center for COVID-19: an Accessible and Efficient Screening System in a Pandemic Situation
AU  - Kim, Sang Il
AU  - Lee, Ji Yong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - With the ongoing novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the number of individuals that need to be tested for COVID-19 has been rapidly increasing. A walk-through (WT) screening center using negative pressure booths that is inspired by the biosafety cabinet has been designed and implemented in Korea for easy screening of COVID-19 and for safe and efficient consultation for patients with fever or respiratory symptoms. Here, we present the overall concept, advantages, and limitations of the COVID-19 WT screening center. The WT center increases patient access to the screening clinics and adequately protects healthcare personnel while reducing the consumption of personal protective equipment. It can also increase the number of people tested by 9-10 fold. However, there is a risk of cross-infection at each stage of screening treatment, including the booths, and adverse reactions with disinfection of the booths. These limitations can be overcome using mobile technology and increasing the number of booths to reduce congestion inside the center, reducing booth volume for sufficient and rapid ventilation, and using an effective, harmless, and certified environmental disinfectant. A WT center can be implemented in other institutions and countries and modified depending on local needs to cope with the COVID-19 pandemic.
JO  - Journal of Korean medical science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 35
IS  - 15
PG  - e154-e154
SP  - e154
EP  - e154
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e154
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Potential Hazards of Concern in the Walk-Through Screening System for the Corona Virus Disease 2019 from the Perspective of Infection Preventionists
AU  - Kim, Kyung Mi
AU  - Han, Su Ha
AU  - Yoo, So Yeon
AU  - Yoo, Jin Hong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Korean medical science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 35
IS  - 15
PG  - e156-e156
SP  - e156
EP  - e156
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e156
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Airborne or droplet precautions for health workers treating COVID-19?
AU  - Bahl, Prateek
AU  - Doolan, Con
AU  - de Silva, Charitha
AU  - Chughtai, Abrar Ahmad
AU  - Bourouiba, Lydia
AU  - MacIntyre, C. Raina
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Cases of COVID-19 have been reported in over 200 countries. Thousands of health workers have been infected and outbreaks have occurred in hospitals, aged care facilities and prisons. World Health Organization (WHO) has issued guidelines for contact and droplet precautions for Healthcare Workers (HCWs) caring for suspected COVID-19 patients, whilst the US Centre for Disease Control (CDC) has recommended airborne precautions. The 1 - 2 m (≈3 - 6 ft) rule of spatial separation is central to droplet precautions and assumes large droplets do not travel further than 2 m (≈6 ft). We aimed to review the evidence for horizontal distance travelled by droplets and the guidelines issued by the World Health Organization (WHO), US Center for Diseases Control (CDC) and European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) on respiratory protection for COVID-19. We found that the evidence base for current guidelines is sparse, and the available data do not support the 1 - 2 m (≈3 - 6 ft) rule of spatial separation. Of ten studies on horizontal droplet distance, eight showed droplets travel more than 2 m (≈6 ft), in some cases more than 8 meters (≈26 ft). Several studies of SARS-CoV-2 support aerosol transmission and one study documented virus at a distance of 4 meters (≈13 ft) from the patient. Moreover, evidence suggests infections cannot neatly be separated into the dichotomy of droplet versus airborne transmission routes. Available studies also show that SARS-CoV-2 can be detected in the air, 3 hours after aeroslisation. The weight of combined evidence supports airborne precautions for the occupational health and safety of health workers treating patients with COVID-19.
JO  - The Journal of infectious diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/infdis/jiaa189
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A sporadic COVID-19 pneumonia treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in Tokyo, Japan: A case report
AU  - Nakamura, Kazuha
AU  - Hikone, Mayu
AU  - Shimizu, Hiroshi
AU  - Kuwahara, Yusuke
AU  - Tanabe, Maki
AU  - Kobayashi, Mioko
AU  - Ishida, Takuto
AU  - Sugiyama, Kazuhiro
AU  - Washino, Takuya
AU  - Sakamoto, Naoya
AU  - Hamabe, Yuichi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Introduction An ongoing outbreak of a novel coronavirus disease (coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19) has become a global threat. While clinical reports from China to date demonstrate that the majority of cases remain relatively mild and recover with supportive care, it is also crucial to be well prepared for severe cases warranting intensive care. Initiating appropriate infection control measures may not always be achievable in primary care or in acute-care settings. Case A 45-year-old man was admitted to the intensive care unit due to severe pneumonia, later confirmed as COVID-19. His initial evaluation in the resuscitation room and treatments in the intensive care unit was performed under droplet and contact precaution with additional airborne protection using the N95 respirator mask. He was successfully treated in the intensive care unit with mechanical ventilation and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for respiratory support; and antiretroviral treatment with lopinavir/ritonavir. His total intensive care unit stay was 15 days and was discharged on hospital day 24. Conclusions Strict infection control precautions are not always an easy task, especially under urgent care in an intensive care unit. However, severe cases of COVID-19 pneumonia, or another novel infectious disease, could present at any moment and would be a continuing challenge to pursue appropriate measures. We need to be well prepared to secure healthcare workers from exposure to infectious diseases and nosocomial spread, as well as to provide necessary intensive care.
JO  - Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiac.2020.03.018
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1341321X20301124
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Put a lid on it: Are faecal bio-aerosols a route of transmission for SARS-CoV-2?
AU  - McDermott, Carmen V.
AU  - Alicic, Radica Z.
AU  - Harden, Niels
AU  - Cox, Emily J.
AU  - Scanlan, James M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Hospital Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2020.04.024
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0195670120301997
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Multicenter analysis of clinical characteristics and outcome of COVID-19 patients with liver injury
AU  - Qi, Xiaolong
AU  - Liu, Chuan
AU  - Jiang, Zicheng
AU  - Gu, Ye
AU  - Zhang, Guo
AU  - Shao, Chuxiao
AU  - Yue, Hongmei
AU  - Chen, Zhenhuai
AU  - Ma, Baoyi
AU  - Liu, Dengxiang
AU  - Zhang, Lin
AU  - Wang, Jitao
AU  - Xu, Dan
AU  - Lei, Junqiang
AU  - Li, Xun
AU  - Huang, Huihong
AU  - Wang, Yan
AU  - Liu, Hongyan
AU  - Yang, Jie
AU  - Pan, Hongqiu
AU  - Liu, Weiying
AU  - Wang, Wenjuan
AU  - Li, Fujian
AU  - Zou, Shengqiang
AU  - Zhang, Hongguang
AU  - Dong, Jiahong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Hepatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2020.04.010
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168827820302221
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 PNEUMONIA IN A DUAL HEART-KIDNEY RECIPIENT
AU  - Stachel, Maxine W.
AU  - Gidea, Claudia G.
AU  - Reyentovich, Alex
AU  - Mehta, Sapna A.
AU  - Moazami, Nader
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healun.2020.04.008
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053249820315126
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and Transplant Research from China: an ethical dilemma
AU  - Rogers, Wendy A.
AU  - Lavee, Jacob
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healun.2020.04.014
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053249820315217
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Endothelin receptor antagonists for pulmonary arterial hypertension and COVID-19: friend or foe ?
AU  - Badagliacca, Roberto
AU  - Sciomer, Susanna
AU  - Petrosillo, Nicola
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healun.2020.04.007
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053249820315138
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Psychological assistance during the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak in China
AU  - Wang, Yanbo
AU  - Zhao, Xudong
AU  - Feng, Qiang
AU  - Liu, Liang
AU  - Yao, Yuhong
AU  - Shi, Jingyu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Disaster psychological assistance has become an important part of the disaster relief system, playing a crucial role in restoring and maintaining emotional stability and security of people and reducing trauma-related stress. As the first country to experience the outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), China actively adopted psychological assistance measures in response to the panic caused by the epidemic. These measures are expected to help the Chinese government and governments in other parts of the world to better respond to the outbreaks of COVID-19.
JO  - Journal of health psychology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1359105320919177-1359105320919177
SP  - 1359105320919177
EP  - 1359105320919177
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/1359105320919177
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mechanism of PM2.5-induced human bronchial epithelial cell toxicity in central China
AU  - Duan, Shuyin
AU  - Zhang, Meihua
AU  - Sun, Yaqiong
AU  - Fang, Zhenya
AU  - Wang, Hefeng
AU  - Li, Shuxian
AU  - Peng, Yanze
AU  - Li, Juan
AU  - Li, Junxia
AU  - Tian, Jiaqi
AU  - Yin, Haoyu
AU  - Yao, Sanqiao
AU  - Zhang, Lin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Exposure to PM2.5 has been linked to respiratory disorders, yet knowledge of the molecular mechanism is limited. Here, PM2.5 was monitored and collected in central China, and its cytotoxicity mechanism on human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) was investigated. With the average concentration of 109 ± 69 μg/m3, PM2.5 was rich in heavy metals and organic pollutants. After exposure to PM2.5, the viability of BEAS-2B cells decreased, where 510 dysregulated genes were predicted to induce necroptosis via inhibiting ATP synthesis through the oxidative phosphorylation signaling pathway. Cellular experiments demonstrated that the content of ATP was downregulated, while the expression of RIP3, a necroptosis indicator, was upregulated. Besides, four enzymes in charge of ATP synthesis were downregulated, including ATP5F, NDUF, COX7A, and UQCR, while two genes of RELA and CAPN1 responsible for necroptosis were upregulated. Furthermore, N-acetylcysteine was applied as an enhancer for ATP synthesis, which reversed the downregulation of ATP5F, NDUF, and COX7A, and consequently alleviated the elevation of RELA, CAPN1, and RIP3. In conclusion, PM2.5 exposure downregulates ATP5F, NDUF, COX7A, and UQCR, and that inhibits ATP synthesis via the oxidative phosphorylation signaling pathway, which subsequently upregulates RELA and CAPN1 and ultimately leads to necroptosis of BEAS-2B cells.
JO  - Journal of Hazardous Materials
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 122747-122747
SP  - 122747
EP  - 122747
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122747
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304389420307366
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Caring for older adults with multiple myeloma during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Perspective from the International Forum for Optimizing Care of Older Adults with Myeloma
AU  - Mian, Hira
AU  - Grant, Shakira J.
AU  - Engelhardt, Monika
AU  - Pawlyn, Charlotte
AU  - Bringhen, Sara
AU  - Zweegman, Sonja
AU  - Stege, Claudia A. M.
AU  - Rosko, Ashley E.
AU  - von Lilienfeld-Toal, Marie
AU  - Wildes, Tanya M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Geriatric Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgo.2020.04.008
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1879406820301909
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Development of a telehealth geriatric assessment model in response to the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - DiGiovanni, Grace
AU  - Mousaw, Kathryn
AU  - Lloyd, Terri
AU  - Dukelow, Nancy
AU  - Fitzgerald, Bryan
AU  - D'Aurizio, Heidi
AU  - Loh, Kah Poh
AU  - Mohile, Supriya
AU  - Ramsdale, Erika
AU  - Maggiore, Ronald
AU  - Zittel, Jason
AU  - Kadambi, Sindhuja
AU  - Magnuson, Allison
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Geriatric Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgo.2020.04.007
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1879406820302009
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Professional autonomy of the resident doctor: Between the hammer and the anvil
AU  - Cioffi, Andrea
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Within the regime of professional liability of doctors in training, the limits and the medico-legal aspects of their professional duties are not well-defined. The Italian Court of Cassation established in its sentence no. 26311/2019 that resident doctors do not work at hospitals just to receive their professional training. They are, indeed, licensed physicians and therefore bear full responsibility for the acts performed within the compass of their professional activity. The purpose of this article is to briefly define the possible consequences of this judgment.
JO  - Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 101965-101965
SP  - 101965
EP  - 101965
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jflm.2020.101965
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1752928X2030072X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Targeting potential drivers of COVID-19: Neutrophil extracellular traps
AU  - Barnes, Betsy J.
AU  - Adrover, Jose M.
AU  - Baxter-Stoltzfus, Amelia
AU  - Borczuk, Alain
AU  - Cools-Lartigue, Jonathan
AU  - Crawford, James M.
AU  - Daßler-Plenker, Juliane
AU  - Guerci, Philippe
AU  - Huynh, Caroline
AU  - Knight, Jason S.
AU  - Loda, Massimo
AU  - Looney, Mark R.
AU  - McAllister, Florencia
AU  - Rayes, Roni
AU  - Renaud, Stephane
AU  - Rousseau, Simon
AU  - Salvatore, Steven
AU  - Schwartz, Robert E.
AU  - Spicer, Jonathan D.
AU  - Yost, Christian C.
AU  - Weber, Andrew
AU  - Zuo, Yu
AU  - Egeblad, Mikala
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a novel, viral-induced respiratory disease that in ∼10-15% of patients progresses to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) triggered by a cytokine storm. In this Perspective, autopsy results and literature are presented supporting the hypothesis that a little known yet powerful function of neutrophils-the ability to form neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs)-may contribute to organ damage and mortality in COVID-19. We show lung infiltration of neutrophils in an autopsy specimen from a patient who succumbed to COVID-19. We discuss prior reports linking aberrant NET formation to pulmonary diseases, thrombosis, mucous secretions in the airways, and cytokine production. If our hypothesis is correct, targeting NETs directly and/or indirectly with existing drugs may reduce the clinical severity of COVID-19.
JO  - The Journal of experimental medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 217
IS  - 6
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1084/jem.20200652
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Use of game fauna by Fulni-ô people in Northeastern Brazil: implications for conservation
AU  - da Silva, Josivan Soares
AU  - do Nascimento, André Luiz Borba
AU  - Alves, Rômulo Romeu Nóbrega
AU  - Albuquerque, Ulysses Paulino
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Due to the influence of several factors on the hunting of game meat, we investigated how the seasonality of the environment, the abundance, and the biomass of wild animals, as well as the proximity to these resources, can affect the hunting. The research was developed with the Fulni-ô people in the municipality of Águas Belas, Agreste of Pernambuco, Northeast of Brazil. In order to do this, we applied snowball sampling to select the participants. Data from potentially useful game species were obtained from lists and semi-structured interviews to register their particular kind of uses, capture periods (daytime, night, or both), preferences, and perceived abundance. The hunters who allowed their game meat captured to be weighed and identified were followed for 1 year. Our records pointed to a vast repertoire of potentially hunting animals. However, we did not verify relationships between the abundance, seasonality, and biomass of the animals that were hunted by the Fulni-ô. We observed a total of 209,866 (kg) of game meat hunted in the studied group, belonging to 23 species, distributed in three taxonomic groups, the birds being the most representative group with 59% of total reported. Such consumption by the group is well below in terms of biomass when compared to other ethnic or local groups in other regions of Brazil, or in Caatinga areas, characterizing an activity much more of cultural character than subsistence. Also, the use of game meat among the Fulni-ô seems to be actively directed to the preferred species, suggesting that in the case of an urbanized indigenous community, where other sources of income are available, the demand for game meat is lower when compared to other ethnic groups.
JO  - Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 16
IS  - 1
PG  - 18-18
SP  - 18
EP  - 18
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s13002-020-00367-3
UR  - https://ethnobiomed.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13002-020-00367-3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Stone Care Triage During COVID-19 at the University of Washington
AU  - Metzler, Ian S.
AU  - Sorensen, Mathew D.
AU  - Sweet, Robert M.
AU  - Harper, Jonathan D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Endourology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - end.2020.29080.ism-end.2020.29080.ism
SP  - end.2020.29080.ism
EP  - end.2020.29080.ism
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1089/end.2020.29080.ism
UR  - https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/end.2020.29080.ism
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mental Wellbeing of Nursing Staff during the COVID-19 Outbreak: A Cultural Perspective
AU  - Mukhtar, Psychol Sonia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Emergency Nursing
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jen.2020.04.003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0099176720301240
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - “N95 Respirator Cleaning and Re-Use Methods Proposed by the Inventor of the N95 Mask”
AU  - Juang, Pascal S. C.
AU  - Tsai, Peter
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2020.04.036
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0736467920303693
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Biologics for psoriasis patients in the COVID-19 era: more evidence, less fears
AU  - Megna, M.
AU  - Ruggiero, A.
AU  - Marasca, C.
AU  - Fabbrocini, G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of dermatological treatment
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-5
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/09546634.2020.1757605
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Transmission in Dental Practice: Brief Review of Preventive Measures in Italy
AU  - Izzetti, R.
AU  - Nisi, M.
AU  - Gabriele, M.
AU  - Graziani, F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak and diffusion of SARS-CoV-2, responsible for the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), has caused an emergency in the health system worldwide. After a first development in Wuhan, China, the virus spread in other countries, with Italy registering the second highest number of cases in Europe on the 7th of April 2020 (135,586 in total). The World Health Organization declared the pandemic diffusion of COVID-19, and restrictive measures to limit contagion have been taken in several countries. The virus has a predominantly respiratory transmission through aerosol and droplets. The importance of infection control is therefore crucial in limiting the effects of virus diffusion. We aim to discuss the risks related to dental practice and current recommendations for dental practitioners. A literature search was performed to retrieve articles on the management of COVID-19 diffusion in dental practice. The documented clinical experience, the measures of professional prevention, and the actual Italian situation were reported and described. Four articles were retrieved from the literature search. Among the eligible articles, 3 reported measures to contrast COVID-19 diffusion. The infection management protocols suggested were reviewed. Finally, recommendations based on the Italian experience in terms of patient triage, patients' entrance into the practice, dental treatment, and after-treatment management are reported and discussed. COVID-19 is a major emergency worldwide, which should not be underestimated. Due to the rapidly evolving situation, further assessment of the implications of COVID-19 outbreak in dental practice is needed.
JO  - Journal of dental research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 22034520920580-22034520920580
SP  - 22034520920580
EP  - 22034520920580
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/0022034520920580
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Impact of anti-tnfα antibodies on the risk of Covid-19 and its severity in patients with inflammatory Bowel Diseases
AU  - Tursi, Antonio
AU  - Papa, Alfredo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Crohn's and Colitis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjaa076
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/ecco-jcc/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjaa076/5821495
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Will COVID-19 infection be less severe in ulcerative colitis than in Crohn’s patients due to a lower rate of smokers?
AU  - Peyrin-Biroulet, Carina
AU  - D’Amico, Ferdinando
AU  - Peyrin-Biroulet, Laurent
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Crohn's and Colitis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjaa077
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/ecco-jcc/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjaa077/5821493
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus (COVID-19) in Haiti: A Call for Action
AU  - Louis-Jean, James
AU  - Cenat, Kenney
AU  - Sanon, Debbie
AU  - Stvil, Ruthonce
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Recently, the cholera outbreak in Haiti demonstrated just how unprepared the country is to rapidly isolate an outbreak of this magnitude, and its vulnerability to the COVID-19 pandemic. This communication briefly examines the health system in Haiti and its vulnerability toward the COVID-19 outbreak.
JO  - Journal of Community Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s10900-020-00825-9
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10900-020-00825-9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Keep Socially (but Not Physically) Connected and Carry on: Preventing Suicide in the Age of COVID-19
AU  - Courtet, Philippe
AU  - Olie, Emilie
AU  - Debien, Christophe
AU  - Vaiva, Guillaume
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of clinical psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 81
IS  - 3
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4088/JCP.20com13370
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: Humanitarian and Health Care Crisis in a Third World Country
AU  - Andrade, Chittaranjan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of clinical psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 81
IS  - 3
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4088/JCP.20com13383
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Comparison of Abbott ID Now, Diasorin Simplexa, and CDC FDA EUA methods for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 from nasopharyngeal and nasal swabs from individuals diagnosed with COVID-19
AU  - Rhoads, Daniel D.
AU  - Cherian, Sree S.
AU  - Roman, Katharine
AU  - Stempak, Lisa M.
AU  - Schmotzer, Christine L.
AU  - Sadri, Navid
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Dozens of in vitro diagnostics (IVDs) have received emergency use authorization (EUA) from the U.S. Food & Drug Administration (FDA) for the detection of SARS-CoV-2, but little has been studied to determine how well these assays perform using clinical specimens.…
JO  - Journal of Clinical Microbiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1128/JCM.00760-20
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32303564
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Detection of SARS-CoV-2 using the Cepheid Xpert Xpress SARS-CoV-2 and Roche cobas SARS-CoV-2 Assays
AU  - Moran, Angelica
AU  - Beavis, Kathleen G.
AU  - Matushek, Scott M.
AU  - Ciaglia, Carol
AU  - Francois, Nina
AU  - Tesic, Vera
AU  - Love, Nedra
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - SARS-CoV-2, a novel coronavirus responsible for a December 2019 outbreak in Wuhan, China, causes a syndrome characterized by fever, cough, and dyspnea progressing to acute respiratory distress syndrome (1).….
JO  - Journal of clinical microbiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1128/JCM.00772-20
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32303565
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Sometimes less is worse: an advise against non-intubated video-assisted thoracoscopy during COVID-19 pandemia
AU  - Piccioni, Federico
AU  - Gregorio, Guido Di
AU  - Rosboch, Giulio Luca
AU  - Massullo, Domenico
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2020.04.023
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053077020303827
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Critical Care during the Coronavirus Crisis – challenges and considerations for the cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia community
AU  - Augoustides, John G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2020.04.021
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053077020303803
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Perioperative Echocardiography during the Coronavirus Crisis – considerations in pediatrics and congenital heart disease
AU  - Augoustides, John G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2020.04.022
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053077020303815
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Fellowship Training in Adult Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology – navigating the new educational landscape due to the coronavirus crisis
AU  - Al-Ghofaily, Lourdes
AU  - Feinman, Jared W.
AU  - Augoustides, John G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2020.04.019
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053077020303785
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and ischemic heart disease emergencies: What cardiac surgery should expect?
AU  - Pilato, Emanuele
AU  - Manzo, Rachele
AU  - Comentale, Giuseppe
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of cardiac surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jocs.14556
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cardiovascular surgery in the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Mavioglu, Hayrettin L.
AU  - Unal, Ertekin U.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Cardiac Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jocs.14559
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jocs.14559
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cardiac involvement in COVID-19 patients: Risk factors, predictors, and complications: A review
AU  - Aghagoli, Ghazal
AU  - Gallo Marin, Benjamin
AU  - Soliman, Luke B.
AU  - Sellke, Frank W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Background Respiratory complications have been well remarked in the novel coronavirus disease (SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19), yet an emerging body of research indicates that cardiac involvement may be implicated in poor outcomes for these patients. Aims This review seeks to gather and distill the existing body of literature that describes the cardiac implications of COVID-19. Materials and Methods The English literature was reviewed for papers dealing with the cardiac effects of COVID-19. Results Notably, COVID-19 patients with pre-existing cardiovascular disease are counted in greater frequency in intensive care unit settings, and ultimately suffer greater rates of mortality. Other studies have noted cardiac presentations for COVID-19, rather than respiratory, such as acute pericarditis and left ventricular dysfunction. In some patients there has been evidence of acute myocardial injury, with correspondingly increased serum troponin I levels. With regard to surgical interventions, there is a dearth of data describing myocardial protection during cardiac surgery for COVID-19 patients. Although some insights have been garnered in the study of cardiovascular diseases for these patients, these insights remain fragmented and have yet to cement clear guidelines for actionable clinical practice. Conclusion While some information is available, further studies are imperative for a more cohesive understanding of the cardiac pathophysiology in COVID-19 patients to promote more informed treatment and, ultimately, better clinical outcomes.
JO  - Journal of Cardiac Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/jocs.14538
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jocs.14538
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Elevated troponin in patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): possible mechanisms
AU  - Tersalvi, Gregorio
AU  - Vicenzi, Marco
AU  - Calabretta, Davide
AU  - Biasco, Luigi
AU  - Pedrazzini, Giovanni
AU  - Winterton, Dario
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic that has affected more than 1.8 million people worldwide, overwhelmed health care systems due to the high proportion of critical presentations, and resulted in over 100,000 deaths. Since the first data analyses in China, elevated cardiac troponin has been noted in a substantial proportion of patients, implicating myocardial injury as a possible pathogenic mechanism contributing to severe illness and mortality. Accordingly, high troponin levels are associated with increased mortality in patients with COVID-19. This brief review explores the available evidence regarding the association between COVID-19 and myocardial injury.
JO  - Journal of Cardiac Failure
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cardfail.2020.04.009
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1071916420303572
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 in a Patient on Durable Left Ventricular Assist Device Support
AU  - Singh, Rajat
AU  - Domenico, Christopher
AU  - Rao, Sriram
AU  - Urgo, Kimberly
AU  - Prenner, Stuart
AU  - Wald, Joyce
AU  - Atluri, Pavan
AU  - Birati, Edo Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Cardiac Failure
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cardfail.2020.04.007
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1071916420303493
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Virtual Visits for Care of Patients with Heart Failure in the Era of COVID-19: A Statement from the Heart Failure Society of America
AU  - Gorodeski, Eiran Z.
AU  - Goyal, Parag
AU  - Cox, Zachary L.
AU  - Thibodeau, Jennifer T.
AU  - Reay, Rebecca
AU  - Rasmusson, Kismet
AU  - Rogers, Joseph G.
AU  - Starling, Randall C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Cardiac Failure
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cardfail.2020.04.008
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1071916420303675
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The scientific rationale for the use of simple masks or improvised face coverings to trap exhaled aerosols and possibly reduce the breathborne spread of COVID-19
AU  - Pleil, Joachim D.
AU  - Beauchamp, Jonathan D.
AU  - Risby, Terence H.
AU  - Dweik, Raed A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The medical community agrees that breathborne infectious materials can be spread with exhaled aerosols and that asymptomatic people, i.e., those showing no symptoms, could be unknowingly infectious. With the current worldwide pandemic of the respiratory coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), various health bodies and governments are recommending that the population wear some form of mask or improvised facial covers while out in public in an effort to reduce the spread of disease . The general concept is that more accessible masks or mask-like materials (scarves, bandanas, etc.) could serve to reduce the amount of infectious aerosol from infected people, and reduce the viral load in the environment. This editorial addresses the underlying scientific rationale that such inexpensive or improvised could indeed serve to reduce the emissions of infectious aerosol by the mechanism of surface adhesion and particle kinetics in addition to the filtration effect.
JO  - Journal of breath research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1088/1752-7163/ab8a55
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Epidemic and Enhancing China’s National Biosecurity System
AU  - Wang, Xiaoli
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobb.2020.03.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2588933820300054
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The anti-viral facet of anti-rheumatic drugs: Lessons from COVID-19
AU  - Perricone, Carlo
AU  - Triggianese, Paola
AU  - Bartoloni, Elena
AU  - Cafaro, Giacomo
AU  - Bonifacio, Angelo F.
AU  - Bursi, Roberto
AU  - Perricone, Roberto
AU  - Gerli, Roberto
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has posed the world at a pandemic risk. Coronavirus-19 disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, which causes pneumonia, requires intensive care unit hospitalization in about 10% of cases and can lead to a fatal outcome. Several efforts are currently made to find a treatment for COVID-19 patients. So far, several anti-viral and immunosuppressive or immunomodulating drugs have demonstrated some efficacy on COVID-19 both in vitro and in animal models as well as in cases series. In COVID-19 patients a pro-inflammatory status with high levels of interleukin (IL)-1B, IL-1 receptor (R)A and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α has been demonstrated. Moreover, high levels of IL-6 and TNF-α have been observed in patients requiring intensive-care-unit hospitalization. This provided rationale for the use of anti-rheumatic drugs as potential treatments for this severe viral infection. Other agents, such as hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine might have a direct anti-viral effect. The anti-viral aspect of immunosuppressants towards a variety of viruses has been known since long time and it is herein discussed in the view of searching for a potential treatment for SARS-CoV-2 infection.
JO  - Journal of Autoimmunity
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 102468-102468
SP  - 102468
EP  - 102468
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaut.2020.102468
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0896841120300846
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Past, Present, and Future of Orthopaedic Education: Lessons Learned from the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Stambough, Jeffrey B.
AU  - Curtin, Brian M.
AU  - Gililland, Jeremy M.
AU  - Guild, George N.
AU  - Kain, Michael S.
AU  - Karas, Vasili
AU  - Keeney, James A.
AU  - Plancher, Kevin D.
AU  - Moskal, Joseph T.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 global pandemic has upended nearly every medical discipline, dramatically impacted patient care, and has had far-reaching effects on surgeon education. In many areas of the country, elective orthopaedic surgery has completely stopped to ensure that resources are available for the critically ill and to minimize the spread of disease. COVID-19 is forcing many around the world to reevaluate existing processes and organizations and adapt to carry out business, of which medicine and education are not immune. The majority of national and international orthopaedic conferences, training programs, and workshops have been postponed or canceled, and we are now critically evaluating the delivery of education to our colleagues as well as residents and fellows. This manuscript describes the evolution of orthopaedic education and significant paradigm shifts necessary to continue to teach ourselves and the future leaders of our noble profession.
JO  - The Journal of Arthroplasty
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arth.2020.04.032
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0883540320304198
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Educating Surgeons to Educate Patients about the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Saxena, Arjun
AU  - Bullock, Matthew
AU  - Danoff, Jonathan R.
AU  - Rodd, Denise Smith
AU  - Fischer, Stuart J.
AU  - Stronach, Ben M.
AU  - Levine, Brett R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract: The spring of 2020 has been a trying time for the global medical community as it has faced the latest pandemic, COVID-19. This contagious and lethal virus has impacted patients and healthcare workers alike. Elective surgeries have been suspended and the very core of our healthcare system is being strained. The following brief communication reviews pertinent details about the virus, delaying elective surgeries and what patients can do during this time. The goal is to disseminate factual data that surgeons can then use to educate their patients.
JO  - The Journal of Arthroplasty
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arth.2020.04.037
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0883540320304241
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Economic Recovery Following the COVID-19 Pandemic: Resuming Elective Orthopaedic Surgery and Total Joint Arthroplasty
AU  - O’Connor, Casey M.
AU  - Anoushiravani, Afshin A.
AU  - DiCaprio, Matthew R.
AU  - Healy, William L.
AU  - Iorio, Richard
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of Arthroplasty
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arth.2020.04.038
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0883540320304253
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Helmet Modification to PPE with 3D Printing During the COVID-19 Pandemic at Duke University Medical Center: A Novel Technique
AU  - Erickson, Melissa M.
AU  - Richardson, Eric S.
AU  - Hernandez, Nicholas M.
AU  - Bobbert, Dana W.
AU  - Gall, Ken
AU  - Fearis, Paul
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Care for patients during COVID-19 poses challenges that require the protection of staff with recommendations that health care workers wear at minimum, an N95 mask or equivalent while performing an aerosol-generating procedure with a face shield. The United States faces shortages of personal protective equipment, and surgeons who use loupes and headlights have difficulty using these in conjunction with face shields. Most arthroplasty surgeons use surgical helmet systems, but in the current pandemic, many hospitals have delayed elective arthroplasty surgeries and the helmet systems are going unused. As a result, the authors have begun retrofitting these arthroplasty helmets to serve as personal protective equipment (PPE). The purpose of this paper is to outline the conception, design, donning technique, and safety testing of these arthroplasty helmets being re-purposed as PPE.
JO  - The Journal of Arthroplasty
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arth.2020.04.035
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0883540320304228
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Summary of 20 tracheal intubation by anesthesiologists for patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia: retrospective case series
AU  - Zhang, Li
AU  - Li, Jiyong
AU  - Zhou, Mingxing
AU  - Chen, Zhijun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is announced and it is very important to share our experience to the critical care community in the early stage. Urgent intubation team was organized by anesthesiologists and was dispatched upon request. We have retrospectively reviewed medical charts of 20 critically ill patients with Covid-19 pneumonia who required tracheal intubation from February 17 to March 19 in Wuhan No.1 hospital, China. We collected their demographics, vital signs, blood gas analysis before and after tracheal intubation, and 7-day outcome after tracheal intubation. Out of 20 patients, 90% were over 60 years old and 15 were with at least one comorbidity. All meet the indication for tracheal intubation announced by treatment expert group. We had successfully intubated all patients using personal protective equipment without circulatory collapse during tracheal intubation. During the observational period, none of 17 anesthesiologists were infected. Although intubation improved SPO2, reduced PaCO2 and blood lactate, seven of 20 patients died within 7-days after tracheal intubation. Non-survivors showed significantly lower SPO2 and higher PaCO2 and blood lactate compared to survivors. For those who are anticipated to deteriorate severe pneumonia with poor prognosis, earlier respiratory support with tracheal intubation may be advised to improve outcome.
JO  - Journal of Anesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-8
SP  - 1
EP  - 8
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00540-020-02778-8
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00540-020-02778-8
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Weathering the cytokine storm in susceptible patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection
AU  - Lipworth, Brian
AU  - Chan, Rory
AU  - Lipworth, Samuel
AU  - RuiWen Kuo, Chris
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaip.2020.04.014
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213219820303652
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Acute At Home Management of Anaphylaxis During The Covid-19 Pandemic
AU  - Casale, Thomas B.
AU  - Wang, Julie
AU  - Nowak-Wegrzyn, Anna
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaip.2020.04.022
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213219820303731
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Ocular manifestation as first sign of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): interest of telemedicine during the pandemic context
AU  - Daruich, Alejandra
AU  - Martin, Daniel
AU  - Bremond-Gignac, Dominique
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Résumé Nous rapportons le cas d’un homme de 27 ans qui a consulté par télémédecine lors de la pandémie de Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), pour une sensation de corps étranger et une rougeur à l’œil gauche. L'examen a révélé un œdème palpébral unilatéral et une hyperémie conjonctivale diffuse modérée. Quelques heures plus tard, le patient a présenté des céphalées intenses, de la fièvre, de la toux et une dyspnée sévère, et une PCR nasopharyngée est revenue positive au SARS-CoV-2, posant le diagnostic de COVID-19. Ce cas démontre la possibilité d’une conjonctivite inaugurale lors de l’infection COVID-19. Il illustre l'intérêt de la télémédecine en ophtalmologie lors de la pandémie, une hyperémie conjonctivale modérée pouvant être le premier signe d'une détresse respiratoire sévère. We report here the case of a 27-year-old man who consulted by telemedicine during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, due to foreign body sensation and left eye redness. Examination revealed unilateral eyelid edema and moderate conjunctival hyperemia. A few hours later the patient experienced intense headache and developed fever, cough and severe dyspnea. A nasopharyngeal swab proved positive for SARS-CoV-2. This case demonstrates that conjunctivitis can be the inaugural manifestation of the COVID-19 infection. It illustrates the interest of telemedicine in ophthalmology during the COVID-19 pandemic, since moderate conjunctival hyperemia can be the first sign of a severe respiratory distress.
JO  - Journal Français d'Ophtalmologie
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfo.2020.04.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0181551220301480
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - La médecine par l’épreuve1
AU  - Cochereau, Isabelle
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal Français d'Ophtalmologie
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfo.2020.04.007
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0181551220301583
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - L’ennemi invisible
AU  - Bodaghi, Bahram
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal Français d'Ophtalmologie
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfo.2020.04.006
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0181551220301571
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: Le jour d’après
AU  - Baudouin, Christophe
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Journal Français d'Ophtalmologie
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfo.2020.04.003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0181551220301492
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Gestion de l’épidémie de la COVID-19 par les établissements publics de santé – Analyse de la Fédération Hospitalière de France
AU  - Barro, Kathia
AU  - Malone, Antoine
AU  - Mokede, Alexandre
AU  - Chevance, Cécile
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Résumé Le but de cet article est de détailler les mesures prises dans les établissements publics pour faire face à l’épidémie de COVID-19. Sont détaillées la stratégie initiale, l’évolution organisationnelle vers le « tout-COVID », la coordination entre les différents intervenants ainsi que la stratégie de maintien de la continuité des soins. L’expérience au Québec est aussi prise en exemple. Enfin la sortie de crise doit être anticipée dès cette phase d’épidémie. Summary The objective of this article is to detail the measures taken in public institutions to cope with the COVID-19 epidemic. It details the initial strategy, organizational evolution towards "all-COVID", coordination between the various stakeholders and the strategy for maintaining continuity of care. The Quebec experience is also used as an example. Finally, an exit strategy must be anticipated at this phase of the epidemic.
JO  - Journal de Chirurgie Viscérale
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jchirv.2020.04.009
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878786X20300966
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 infection may result in appendicular syndrome: Chest CT scan before appendectomy TT - Linfection par SRAS-CoV-2 peut se traduire par un syndrome appendiculaire: tomodensitometrie thoracique avant appendicectomie
AU  - Pautrat, Karine
AU  - Chergui, Naima
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The initial clinical presentation of CoronaVirus Disease 2019 may be appendicular syndrome. An abdominal CT scan ruled out a diagnosis of appendicitis and a chest CT scan yielded a diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection. CT scan is required before considering emergency surgery for acute appendicitis.
JO  - Journal de chirurgie viscerale
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.jchirv.2020.04.007
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Ten key points that vascular doctors learned very quickly about COVID-19
AU  - Priollet, Pascal
AU  - Yannoutsos, Alexandra
AU  - Mourad, Jean-Jacques
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JMV-Journal de Médecine Vasculaire
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmv.2020.04.004
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2542451320302583
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Regulation and trust: COVID-19 mortality in 25 European countries
AU  - Oksanen, Atte
AU  - Kaakinen, Markus
AU  - Latikka, Rita
AU  - Savolainen, Iina
AU  - Savela, Nina
AU  - Koivula, Aki
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: The outbreak of COVID-19 has dramatically changed societies in 2020. Since the end of February, Europe has been hit particularly hard by COVID-19, but there are major country differences in both the spread of the virus and measures taken to stop the virus. Social psychological factors such as institutional trust could be important in understanding the development of the epidemic. OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study was to examine country-variation in COVID-19 mortality in Europe by analyzing 1) social risk factors explaining the spread of the disease, 2) restrictions and control measures and 3) institutional trust. METHODS: The present study was based on a background analysis of European Social Survey data on 25 European countries (N = 47,802). Multilevel mixed effects linear regression models focused on 84 days of the COVID-19 epidemic (January 22 - April 14, 2020) and modelled the daily COVID-19 mortality. Analysis focused on the impact of social relations, restrictions and institutional trust within each country. RESULTS: The spread of the COVID-19 epidemic has been fast everywhere, but our findings reveal significant differences between countries in COVID-19 mortality. Perceived sociability predicted higher COVID-19 mortality. Major differences between the 25 countries were found in reaction times to the crisis. Late reaction to the crisis predicted later mortality figures. Institutional trust was associated with lower COVID-19 mortality. Increase in mortality was more rapid in countries that reacted late during the 21-day follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: The analyses demonstrated the importance of societal and social psychological factors in the spread of the COVID-19 epidemic. By considering multiple perspectives, our study showed that country differences in Europe are major and this will have an impact on how countries will cope with the ongoing crisis in the following months. Our results indicate the importance of timely restrictions and cooperation with people.
JO  - JMIR public health and surveillance
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2196/19218
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Managing COVID-19 in Patients With Cancer: A Double Blow for Oncologists
AU  - Sahu, Kamal Kant
AU  - Jindal, Vishal
AU  - Siddiqui, Ahmad Daniyal
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JCO oncology practice
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - OP2000167-OP2000167
SP  - OP2000167
EP  - OP2000167
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1200/OP.20.00167
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in older adults: clinical, psychosocial, and public health considerations
AU  - Mills, John P.
AU  - Kaye, Keith S.
AU  - Mody, Lona
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Complications of COVID-19 have been particularly severe among older adults, who are the focus of this article. Public policy goals should prioritize pandemic preparedness in nursing homes, as well as civic and local government-based support programs for community-dwelling older adults, to ensure that risk of infection is mitigated while promoting wellness during a period of stress and uncertainty.
JO  - JCI insight
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1172/jci.insight.139292
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A review of initial data on pregnancy during the COVID-19 outbreak: implications for assisted reproductive treatments
AU  - Monteleone, Pedro Aa
AU  - Nakano, Mayra
AU  - Lazar, Victor
AU  - Gomes, Alecsandra P.
AU  - de, Hamilton Martin
AU  - Bonetti, Tatiana Cs
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The current outbreak of the novel 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) started in China in December 2019 and has since spread to several other countries. On March 25, 2020, a total of 375,498 cases had been confirmed globally with 2,201 cases in Brazil, showing the urgency of reacting to this international public health emergency. While in most cases, mild symptoms are observed, in some cases the infection leads to serious pulmonary disease. As a result, the possible consequences of the COVID-19 outbreak for pregnant women and its potential effects on the management of assisted reproductive treatments, demand attention. In this review, we summarize the latest research progress related to COVID-19 epidemiology and the reported data of pregnant women, and discuss the current evidence of COVID-19 infections during pregnancy and its potential consequences for assisted reproductive treatments. Reported data suggest that symptoms in pregnant women are similar to those in other people, and that there is no evidence for higher maternal or fetal risks. However, considering the initial data and lack of comprehensive knowledge on the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 during pregnancy, human reproduction societies have recommended postponing the embryo transfers and do not initiate new treatment cycles. New evidence must be considered carefully in order to adjust these recommendations accordingly at any time and to guide assisted reproductive treatments.
JO  - JBRA assisted reproduction
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 24
IS  - 2
PG  - 219-225
SP  - 219
EP  - 225
AN  - 
DO  - 10.5935/1518-0557.20200030
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The prevention and management of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in radiology departments in epidemic areas
AU  - Deng, Ming
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This review based on the actual results of epidemic prevention management in radiology departments in epidemic areas, and using designated hospital management methods, to summarize the radiology protection system. With the cooperation of the whole hospital and radiology department, a number of effective evaluation methods have been carried out to ensure the optimization of clinical protection. These practical methods provide a basis for the further promotion of management strategies and reduction of nosocomial infection. To our knowledge, the establishment of standardized protection and clear process has opened up a new idea of epidemic prevention management, which can effectively provide timely, efficient, and accurate support for clinical research, and promote the transformation from clinical research type to scientific research management type.
JO  - Japanese Journal of Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-6
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11604-020-00974-w
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11604-020-00974-w
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - From Mitigation to Containment of the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Walensky, Rochelle P.
AU  - del Rio, Carlos
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.6572
UR  - https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2764956
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - From Mitigation to Containment of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Putting the SARS-CoV-2 Genie Back in the Bottle
AU  - Walensky, Rochelle P.
AU  - Del Rio, Carlos
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.6572
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19-Looking Beyond Tomorrow for Health Care and Society
AU  - Fontanarosa, Phil B.
AU  - Bauchner, Howard
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.6582
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Masks and Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
AU  - Desai, Angel N.
AU  - Aronoff, David M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.6437
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Symptom Screening at Illness Onset of Health Care Personnel With SARS-CoV-2 Infection in King County, Washington
AU  - Chow, Eric J.
AU  - Schwartz, Noah G.
AU  - Tobolowsky, Farrell A.
AU  - Zacks, Rachael L. T.
AU  - Huntington-Frazier, Melinda
AU  - Reddy, Sujan C.
AU  - Rao, Agam K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.6637
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Promise and Peril of Antibody Testing for COVID-19
AU  - Abbasi, Jennifer
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAMA
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1001/jama.2020.6170
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32301958
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Transient Brugada-like ECG pattern in a patient with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
AU  - Vidovich, Mladen I.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JACC: Case Reports
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaccas.2020.04.007
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666084920303661
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 complicated by Acute Pulmonary Embolism and Right-Sided Heart Failure
AU  - Ullah, Waqas
AU  - Saeed, Rehan
AU  - Sarwar, Usman
AU  - Patel, Rajesh
AU  - Fischman, David L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A patient with Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) developed sudden shortness of breath and hypoxia. She was diagnosed with a massive pulmonary embolism (PE) complicated by right sided heart failure, which was successfully managed conservatively. This marks the first report of COVID-19 induced PE in association with acute heart failure.
JO  - JACC: Case Reports
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaccas.2020.04.008
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666084920303673
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Clinical Trials: A Primer for the Cardiovascular and Cardio-Oncology Communities
AU  - Ky, Bonnie
AU  - Mann, Douglas L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a proliferation of clinical trials that are designed to slow the spread of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. The overwhelming majority of cardiovascular and cancer patients are at increased risk for SARS-CoV-2 infection; accordingly, the cardiovascular and cardio-oncology communities are playing a major role in caring for COVID-19 patients. Many of the therapeutic agents that are being used to treat patients with COVID-19 are repurposed treatments for influenza, drugs that were not effective in Ebola patients, or treatments for malaria that were developed decades ago, and are unlikely to be familiar to the cardiovascular and cardio-oncology communities. Here we have provided a foundation for cardiovascular and cardio-oncology physicians who are on the frontline providing care to COVID-19 patients, so that they can better understand the emerging cardiovascular epidemiology of COVID-19, as well as the biological rationale for the clinical trials that are ongoing for the treatment of COVID-19 patients.
JO  - JACC: CardioOncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaccao.2020.04.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666087320300673
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Precision medicine in COVID-19: IL-1β a potential target
AU  - Parisi, Valentina
AU  - Leosco, Dario
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JACC: Basic to Translational Science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacbts.2020.04.006
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452302X20301674
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus (COVID-19) infection-induced chilblains: a case report with histopathological findings
AU  - Kolivras, Athanassios
AU  - Dehavay, Florence
AU  - Delplace, Daphné
AU  - Feoli, Francesco
AU  - Meiers, Isabelle
AU  - Milone, Laurenzo
AU  - Olemans, Catherine
AU  - Sass, Ursula
AU  - Theunis, Anne
AU  - Thompson, Curtis T.
AU  - Van De Borne, Laura
AU  - Richert, Bertrand
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JAAD Case Reports
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdcr.2020.04.011
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352512620302824
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Assessment of COVID-19 exposure risk in the blood transfusion laboratory
AU  - Nadarajan, Veera Sekaran
AU  - Lee, Christina Lai Ling
AU  - Ponnampalavanar, Sasheela Sri La Sri
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Healthcare workers run the risk of contracting COVID-19 during the course of their work if required precautions and usage of appropriate personal protective equipment is not adhered to. In the transfusion testing laboratory, indirect exposure to COVID-19 may result from environmental contamination that may occur through surface contact or be airborne. Handling of potentially contaminated surfaces such as sample tubes and sample packaging, and subsequent self-inoculation through the mucous membranes of mouth, nose and eyes may occur. Information on the risk of indirect contact transmission of COVID-19 from such surfaces is limited. When risk assessments are conducted in the laboratory, assumptions often need to be based on studies derived from other coronaviruses and respiratory viruses such as HCoV-229E, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and Influenza. The other mode of potential indirect transmission is through aerosols generated from certain laboratory processes. The risk of inhaling aerosolized blood containing COVID-19 viral RNA is unresolved. Laboratories need to perform risk assessment of their activities before appropriate decisions can be made with regards to COVID-19 exposure risk reduction or elimination.
JO  - ISBT Science Series
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/voxs.12559
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/voxs.12559
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Impact of the COVID-19 – a regional blood center’s perspective
AU  - Leung, Jennifer N. S.
AU  - Lee, C. K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract The rapid evolution of the novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) from Wuhan, Hebei, China to a global pandemic has caused significant impact to healthcare systems worldwide and disruption to daily lives. Every country has been putting in numerous measures and efforts to control the disease spread and manage all the patients that need treatment. By mid-April, the number of confirmed cases have reached 1.9 million and over 123,000 deaths are reported 1. However, it has yet to be seen when the pandemic could be under control and treatment becomes effective.
JO  - ISBT Science Series
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/voxs.12558
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/voxs.12558
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Socio-Economic Implications of the Coronavirus and COVID-19 Pandemic: A Review
AU  - Nicola, Maria
AU  - Alsafi, Zaid
AU  - Sohrabi, Catrin
AU  - Kerwan, Ahmed
AU  - Al-Jabir, Ahmed
AU  - Iosifidis, Christos
AU  - Agha, Maliha
AU  - Agha, Riaz
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in over 1.4 million confirmed cases and over 83,000 deaths globally. It has also sparked fears of an impending economic crisis and recession. Social distancing, self-isolation and travel restrictions forced a decrease in the workforce across all economic sectors and caused many jobs to be lost. Schools have closed down, and the need of commodities and manufactured products has decreased. In contrast, the need for medical supplies has significantly increased. The food sector has also seen a great demand due to panic-buying and stockpiling of food products. In response to this global outbreak, we summarise the socio-economic effects of COVID-19 on individual aspects of the world economy.
JO  - International Journal of Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.04.018
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1743919120303162
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - G6PD deficiency in COVID-19 pandemic: “a ghost in the ghost”
AU  - Al-Abdi, Sameer
AU  - Al-Aamri, Maryam
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Hematology/Oncology and Stem Cell Therapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hemonc.2020.04.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1658387620300443
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How to manage lymphoid malignancies during novel 2019 coronavirus (CoVid-19) outbreak: a Brazilian task force recommendation
AU  - Perini, Guilherme Fleury
AU  - Fischer, Thais
AU  - Gaiolla, Rafael Dezen
AU  - Rocha, Talita Bueno
AU  - Bellesso, Marcelo
AU  - Teixeira, Larissa Lane Cardoso
AU  - Delamain, Marcia Torresan
AU  - Scheliga, Adriana Alves de Souza
AU  - Ribeiro, Glaciano Nogueira
AU  - Neto, Jorge Vaz
AU  - Baiocchi, Otávio Cesar Carvalho Guimaraes
AU  - Abdo, André Neder Ramires
AU  - Arrais-Rodrigues, Celso
AU  - Fogliatto, Laura M.
AU  - Bigni, Ricardo de Sá
AU  - Schaffel, Rony
AU  - Biasoli, Irene
AU  - Pereira, Juliana
AU  - Nablan, Samir Kanaan
AU  - Souza, Cármino Antônio de
AU  - Chiattone, Carlos Sérgio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel Coronavirus (CoVid-19) outbreak is now consider a world pandemic, affecting more than 300,000 people worldwide. Cancer patients are in risk for severe disease, including a higher risk of intensive care unit (ICU) admission, need for invasive ventilation or death. Management of patients with lymphoid malignancies can be challenging during the outbreak, due to need of multiple hospital visits and admissions, immunosuppression and need for chemotherapy, radiotherapy and stem cell transplantation. In this article, we will focus on the practical management of patients with lymphoid malignancies during the COVID-19 pandemic, focusing on minimizing the risk for patients.
JO  - Hematology, Transfusion and Cell Therapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.htct.2020.04.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S253113792030033X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 convalescent plasma transfusion
AU  - Langhi, Dante Mário
AU  - Santis, Gil Cunha De
AU  - Bordin, José Orlando
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Hematology, Transfusion and Cell Therapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.htct.2020.04.003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2531137920300341
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Current data on the cardiovascular effects of the COVID-19
AU  - Vlachakis, Panayotis K.
AU  - Tentolouris, Anastasios
AU  - Tousoulis, Dimitris
AU  - Tentolouris, Nikolaos
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Hellenic Journal of Cardiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hjc.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1109966620300634
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - EP News: Clinical
AU  - Estes, N. A. Mark
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Heart Rhythm
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrthm.2020.04.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1547527120302940
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - EP News: Case Reports
AU  - Bunch, T. Jared
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Heart Rhythm
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrthm.2020.03.027
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1547527120302885
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Tracheostomy During the COV-SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: Recommendations from the New York Head and Neck Society
AU  - Miles, Brett A.
AU  - Schiff, Bradley
AU  - Ganly, Ian
AU  - Ow, Thomas
AU  - Cohen, Erik
AU  - Genden, Eric
AU  - Culliney, Bruce
AU  - Mehrotra, Bhoomi
AU  - Savona, Steven
AU  - Wong, Richard J.
AU  - Haigentz, Missak
AU  - Caruana, Salvatore
AU  - Givi, Babak
AU  - Patel, Kepal
AU  - Hu, Kenneth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Head & neck
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/hed.26166
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - La chirurgie gynécologique à l’épreuve de l’infection à COVID-19. Quelles recommandations formuler?
AU  - Nohuz, Erdogan
AU  - Dubernard, Gil
AU  - Lamblin, Géry
AU  - Lebail-Carval, Karine
AU  - Chabert, Philippe
AU  - Chêne, Gautier
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Gynécologie Obstétrique Fertilité & Sénologie 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gofs.2020.04.007
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468718920301628
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prise en charge des cancers du sein pendant la pandémie de COVID 19: le CNGOF se mobilise
AU  - Mathelin, Carole
AU  - Nisand, Israel
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Gynécologie Obstétrique Fertilité & Sénologie 
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gofs.2020.04.008
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S246871892030163X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19 and immunomodulation in IBD
AU  - Neurath, Markus F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The current coronavirus pandemic is an ongoing global health crisis due to covid-19, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Although covid-19 leads to little or mild flu-like symptoms in the majority of affected patients, the disease may cause severe, frequently lethal complications such as progressive pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome and organ failure driven by hyperinflammation and a cytokine storm syndrome. This situation causes various major challenges for gastroenterology. In the context of IBD, several key questions arise. For instance, it is an important question to understand whether patients with IBD (eg, due to intestinal ACE2 expression) might be particularly susceptible to covid-19 and the cytokine release syndrome associated with lung injury and fatal outcomes. Another highly relevant question is how to deal with immunosuppression and immunomodulation during the current pandemic in patients with IBD and whether immunosuppression affects the progress of covid-19. Here, the current understanding of the pathophysiology of covid-19 is reviewed with special reference to immune cell activation. Moreover, the potential implications of these new insights for immunomodulation and biological therapy in IBD are discussed.
JO  - Gut
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-321269
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - British Society of Gastroenterology guidance for management of inflammatory bowel disease during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Kennedy, Nicholas A.
AU  - Jones, Gareth-Rhys
AU  - Lamb, Christopher A.
AU  - Appleby, Richard
AU  - Arnott, Ian
AU  - Beattie, R. Mark
AU  - Bloom, Stuart
AU  - Brooks, Alenka J.
AU  - Cooney, Rachel
AU  - Dart, Robin J.
AU  - Edwards, Cathryn
AU  - Fraser, Aileen
AU  - Gaya, Daniel R.
AU  - Ghosh, Subrata
AU  - Greveson, Kay
AU  - Hansen, Richard
AU  - Hart, Ailsa
AU  - Hawthorne, A. Barney
AU  - Hayee, Bu'Hussain
AU  - Limdi, Jimmy K.
AU  - Murray, Charles D.
AU  - Parkes, Gareth C.
AU  - Parkes, Miles
AU  - Patel, Kamal
AU  - Pollok, Richard C.
AU  - Powell, Nick
AU  - Probert, Chris S.
AU  - Raine, Tim
AU  - Sebastian, Shaji
AU  - Selinger, Christian
AU  - Smith, Philip J.
AU  - Stansfield, Catherine
AU  - Younge, Lisa
AU  - Lindsay, James O.
AU  - Irving, Peter M.
AU  - Lees, Charlie W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 pandemic is putting unprecedented pressures on healthcare systems globally. Early insights have been made possible by rapid sharing of data from China and Italy. In the UK, we have rapidly mobilised inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) centres in order that preparations can be made to protect our patients and the clinical services they rely on. This is a novel coronavirus; much is unknown as to how it will affect people with IBD. We also lack information about the impact of different immunosuppressive medications. To address this uncertainty, the British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG) COVID-19 IBD Working Group has used the best available data and expert opinion to generate a risk grid that groups patients into highest, moderate and lowest risk categories. This grid allows patients to be instructed to follow the UK government's advice for shielding, stringent and standard advice regarding social distancing, respectively. Further considerations are given to service provision, medical and surgical therapy, endoscopy, imaging and clinical trials.
JO  - Gut
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-321244
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Response to the COVID-19 epidemic: a report from Shenzhen, China
AU  - Zhao, Xin
AU  - Wu, Youchun
AU  - Li, Zhiwei
AU  - Liu, Lei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The whole world is now facing an unprecedented pandemic with over 1.8 million confirmed cases and more than one hundred thousand deaths. To counter the pandemic, Shenzhen created a central command and control structure based on the only designated hospital- Shenzhen Third People's Hospital which is a large general hospital specialized on infectious diseases in the bay area. The hospital has taken many decisive and effective actions to respond to the epidemic. Here, we will describe and share healthcare experiences from Shenzhen and call for international cooperation and collaboration.
JO  - Global Health & Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 2020.01025-2020.01025
SP  - 2020.01025
EP  - 2020.01025
AN  - 
DO  - 10.35772/ghm.2020.01025
UR  - https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/ghm/advpub/0/advpub_2020.01025/_article
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Can we apply lessons learned from Ebola experience in West Africa for COVID-19 in lower income countries?
AU  - Nagai, Mari
AU  - Oikawa, Miyuki
AU  - Tamura, Toyomitsu
AU  - Egami, Yuriko
AU  - Fujita, Noriko
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 affects vulnerable groups disproportionally in a society where inequities are long-standing issue. Weak health system, especially the shortage and maldistribution of capable health workforce will be the main challenge in lower income countries to fight against the COVID-19. Applying the lesson learned and success from the Ebola outbreak in West Africa is important. International collaboration with already well functioned local mechanisms, such as the Network of Managers of Health Workforce in Francophone Africa is the key to provide prompt support. This approach contributes not only to the short-term COVID-19 control but also long-term strengthening of the sustainable and resilient health system in the lower income countries.
JO  - Global Health & Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 2020.01028-2020.01028
SP  - 2020.01028
EP  - 2020.01028
AN  - 
DO  - 10.35772/ghm.2020.01028
UR  - https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/ghm/advpub/0/advpub_2020.01028/_article
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Inflammatory bowel diseases and COVID-19: the invisible enemy
AU  - D’Amico, Ferdinando
AU  - Peyrin-Biroulet, Laurent
AU  - Danese, Silvio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Gastroenterology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2020.04.032
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016508520305151
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy in the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Pravda, Nili Schamroth
AU  - Pravda, Miri Schamroth
AU  - Kornowski, Ran
AU  - Orvin, Katia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Future cardiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2217/fca-2020-0040
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Implications for forensic death investigations from first Swiss case of non-hospital treatment with COVID-19
AU  - Schweitzer, Wolf
AU  - Ruder, Thomas
AU  - Baumeister, Rilana
AU  - Bolliger, Stephan
AU  - Thali, Michael
AU  - Meixner, Eva
AU  - Ampanozi, Garyfalia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Case details: A case of a 50-year old HIV-positive man is presented, with focus on visualization of post-mortem computed tomography (PMCT) of the lungs, in comparison to a forensic control case. He was found dead at home, a day after his nasopharyngeal swab had returned positive for SARS-COV-2, three days after the sample had been taken as an outpatient, over five weeks after first exhibiting possible symptoms. 3D-visualization was performed by visually discriminating correlates for aerated, poorly aerated and non-aerated lung regions. The visual side-by-side comparison with a control case shows the deterioration beyond any ”normal” post-mortem finding. The PMCT findings in the lungs resemble those of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), while histologically identified inflammation also shows, in part binuclear, lymphocytes. In addition, acute liver dystrophy and acute tubular necrosis in the kidneys were found. Except coronary artery atherosclerosis, there appeared to be no remarkable pathology of the heart. Comment: With the pandemic impact of SARS-COV-2, a range of issues unfolds, also for medicolegal investigations into deaths, as we report the first Swiss case of fatal SARS-COV-2 pneumonia with features of a severe acute respiratory distress syndrome of an outpatient. As this pandemic from the view of risk assessment does constitute a black swan, underestimated fat tails as technical reason should be addressed by also analyzing apparent extreme single observations. This case of an outpatient (without intensive-care treatment) shows a pulmonary progression beyond the typical findings of COVID-19, to a non-specific picture of ARDS, where histologically, binuclear lymphocytes were remarked. What appeared to be an initially slow progression with final rapid escalation raises the question whether nasopharyngeal swabs or pulmonary CT might be better suited for screening high-risk patients. The apparent absence of symptoms and relatively late clinic consultation appeared to contrast with the extensive pathology, raising the question whether any search for super-spreaders should not just focus on asymptomatic but under-reported symptomatic patients, and whether their prolonged circulation in everyday life would justify more extensive face mask policies. As post-mortem testing for SARS-COV-2 may not be available for every case, PMCT may provide sensitive testing for lung changes related to COVID-19. In order to allow for more medicolegal investigations in the context of COVID-19, any extra tests may have to be financed by stakeholders in epidemiology, infectious disease or policy.
JO  - Forensic Imaging
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 200378-200378
SP  - 200378
EP  - 200378
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fri.2020.200378
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666225620300270
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - No evidence of SARS-CoV-2 in semen of males recovering from COVID-19
AU  - Pan, Feng
AU  - Xiao, Xingyuan
AU  - Guo, Jingtao
AU  - Song, Yarong
AU  - Li, Honggang
AU  - Patel, Darshan P.
AU  - Spivak, Adam M.
AU  - Alukal P, Joseph
AU  - Zhang, Xiaoping
AU  - Xiong, Chengliang
AU  - Li, Philip S.
AU  - Hotaling, James M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective To describe detection of SARS-CoV-2 in seminal fluid of patients recovering from COVID-19 and describe the expression profile of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 within the testicle. Design observational, cross-sectional study Setting Tertiary referral center Patients Thirty-four adult Chinese males diagnosed with COVID-19 through confirmatory quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) from pharyngeal swab samples Intervention None Main Outcome Measures Identification of SARS-CoV-2 on qRT-PCR of single ejaculated semen samples. Semen quality was not assessed. Expression patterns of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in the human testis are explored through previously published single-cell transcriptome datasets. Results Six patients (19%) demonstrated scrotal discomfort concerning for viral orchitis around the time of COVID-19 confirmation. SARS-CoV-2 was not detected in semen after a median of 31 days (IQR: 29-36 days) from COVID-19 diagnosis. Single-cell transcriptome analysis demonstrates sparse expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2, with almost no overlapping gene expression. Conclusions SARS-CoV-2 was not detected in the semen of patients recovering from COVID-19 one month after COVID-19 diagnosis. ACE2-mediated viral entry of SARS-CoV-2 into target host cells is unlikely to occur within the human testicle based on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 expression. The long-term effects of SARS-CoV-2 on male reproductive function remain unknown.
JO  - Fertility and Sterility
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2020.04.024
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0015028220303848
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and SARS-CoV-2: A double-edged sword?
AU  - Yan, Tiantian
AU  - Xiao, Rong
AU  - Lin, Guoan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) facilitates cellular entry of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and SARS-CoV-2 as their common receptor. During infection, ACE2-expressing tissues become direct targets, resulting in serious pathological changes and progressive multiple organ failure or even death in severe cases. However, as an essential component of renin-angiotensin system (RAS), ACE2 confers protective effects in physiological circumstance, including maintaining cardiovascular homeostasis, fluid, and electrolyte balance. The absence of protective role of ACE2 leads to dysregulated RAS and thus acute changes under multiple pathological scenarios including SARS. This potentially shared mechanism may also be the molecular explanation for pathogenesis driven by SARS-CoV-2. We reasonably speculate several potential directions of clinical management including host-directed therapies aiming to restore dysregulated RAS caused by ACE2 deficiency. Enriched knowledge of ACE2 learned from SARS and COVID-19 outbreaks can provide, despite their inherent tragedy, informative clues for emerging pandemic preparedness.
JO  - The FASEB Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1096/fj.202000782
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.202000782
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Kinetic control of MERS-CoV 3CLpro is mediated by non-conserved residues distal to the active site
AU  - Anson, Brandon James
AU  - Daczkowski, Courtney Marie
AU  - Mesecar, Andrew David
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Middle-East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) Coronavirus is a re-emergent zoonotic pathogen with a 30% fatality rate in humans. The MERS positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome is translated into two polyproteins that must be processed by two viral cysteine proteases (3CLpro and PLpro) into 16 non-structural proteins (nsp) before viral replication can occur. Attempts to drug either of these cysteine proteases have proven difficult. MERS 3CLpro functions as dimer and is unique among all of the coronavirus 3CLpro enzymes studied to date because competitive inhibitors activate the wild-type MERS 3CLpro enzyme at low inhibitor concentrations and inhibit at higher concentrations. This mechanism of substrate/inhibitor-induced dimerization seems to be mediated by non-conserved residues in structural regions distal to the catalytic site. We have identified unique residues that are involved in the inhibitor-induced dimerization mechanism and we show that these ?competitive? inhibitors activate and inhibit in a dose-dependent manner. In an attempt to provide a structural basis for this mechanism, we crystallized the apo and inhibitor-bound forms of this enzyme and diffracted them to 1.5 ? 2.2 Å. We also show that residues in distinct structural regions synergize to modulate the intrinsic kinetic parameters of this family of enzymes. These parameters include increased turnover (kcat) and a lower dimer dissociation constant (KD). Additionally, a rapid-equilibrium kinetic mechanism was developed to model the kinetic response of MERS 3CLpro to inhibitors that act via substrate/inhibitor induced activation/inhibition mechanisms. Support or Funding Information This project has been funded in whole or in part with Federal funds from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, under Contracts No. HHSN272200700058C, HHSN272201200026C, and HHSN272201700060C. This research used resources of the Advanced Photon Source, a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science User Facility operated for the DOE Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.Use of the Lilly Research Laboratories Collaborative Access Team (LRL-CAT) beamline at Sector 31 of the Advanced Photon Source was provided by Eli Lilly Company, which operates the facility.
JO  - The FASEB Journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 34
IS  - S1
PG  - 1-1
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1096/fasebj.2020.34.s1.04522
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.2020.34.s1.04522
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Telemedicine in the Era of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Implications in Facial Plastic Surgery
AU  - Shokri, Tom
AU  - Lighthall, Jessyka G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Facial Plastic Surgery & Aesthetic Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - fpsam.2020.0163-fpsam.2020.0163
SP  - fpsam.2020.0163
EP  - fpsam.2020.0163
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1089/fpsam.2020.0163
UR  - https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/fpsam.2020.0163
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Guide to Facial Trauma Triage and Precautions in the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Hsieh, Tsung-Yen
AU  - Dedhia, Raj D.
AU  - Chiao, Whitney
AU  - Dresner, Harley
AU  - Barta, Ruth J.
AU  - Lyford-Pike, Sofia
AU  - Hamlar, David
AU  - Stephan, Scott J.
AU  - Schubert, Warren
AU  - Hilger, Peter A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 is an emerging viral illness that has rapidly transmitted throughout the world. Its impact on society and the health care system has compelled hospitals to quickly adapt and innovate as new information about the disease is uncovered. During this pandemic, essential medical and surgical services must be carried out while minimizing the risk of disease transmission to health care workers. There is an elevated risk of COVID-19 viral transmission to health care workers during surgical procedures of the head and neck due to potential aerosolization of viral particles from the oral cavity/naso-oropharynx mucosa. Thus, patients with facial fractures pose unique challenges to the variety of injuries and special considerations, including triaging injuries and protective measures against infection. The proximity to the oral cavity/naso-oropharyngeal mucosa, and potential for aerosolization of secretions containing viral particles during surgical procedures make most patients undergoing operative interventions for facial fractures high risk for COVID-19 transmission. Our proposed algorithm aims to balance patient care with patient/medical personnel protection as well as judicious health care utilization. It stratifies facial trauma procedures by urgency and assigns a recommended level of personal protective equipment, extreme or enhanced, incorporating current best practices and existing data on viral transmission. As this pandemic continues to evolve and more information is obtained, the protocol can be further refined and individualized to each institution.
JO  - Facial plastic surgery & aesthetic medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1089/fpsam.2020.0185
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: Time for precision epidemiology
AU  - Koks, Sulev
AU  - Williams, Robert W.
AU  - Quinn, John
AU  - Farzaneh, Farzin
AU  - Conran, Nicola
AU  - Tsai, Shaw-Jeng
AU  - Awandare, Gordon
AU  - Goodman, Steven R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1535370220919349-1535370220919349
SP  - 1535370220919349
EP  - 1535370220919349
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/1535370220919349
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel 2019 coronavirus: Genome structure, clinical trials, and outstanding questions
AU  - Jogalekar, Manasi P.
AU  - Veerabathini, Anurag
AU  - Gangadaran, Prakash
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Experimental Biology and Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1535370220920540-1535370220920540
SP  - 1535370220920540
EP  - 1535370220920540
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/1535370220920540
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1177/1535370220920540
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pneumonia in Immunosuppressed Renal Transplant Recipients: A Summary of 10 Confirmed Cases in Wuhan, China
AU  - Zhu, Lan
AU  - Gong, Nianqiao
AU  - Liu, Bin
AU  - Lu, Xia
AU  - Chen, Dong
AU  - Chen, Song
AU  - Shu, Hongge
AU  - Ma, Ke
AU  - Xu, Xizhen
AU  - Guo, Zhiliang
AU  - Lu, Enfeng
AU  - Chen, Dongrui
AU  - Ge, Qinggang
AU  - Cai, Junchao
AU  - Jiang, Jipin
AU  - Wei, Lai
AU  - Zhang, Weijie
AU  - Chen, Gang
AU  - Chen, Zhishui
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background Previous studies on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have focused on populations with normal immunity, but lack data on immunocompromised populations. Objective To evaluate the clinical features and outcomes of COVID-19 pneumonia in kidney transplant recipients. Design, setting, and participants A total of 10 renal transplant recipients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia were enrolled in this retrospective study. In addition, 10 of their family members diagnosed with COVID-19 pneumonia were included in the control group. Intervention Immunosuppressant reduction and low-dose methylprednisolone therapy. Outcome measurements and statistical analysis The clinical outcomes (the severity of pneumonia, recovery rate, time of virus shedding, and length of illness) were compared with the control group by statistical analysis. Results and limitations The clinical symptomatic, laboratory, and radiological characteristics of COVID-19 pneumonia in the renal transplant recipients were similar to those of severe COVID-19 pneumonia in the general population. The severity of COVID-19 pneumonia was greater in the transplant recipients than in the control group (five severe/three critical cases vs one severe case). Five patients developed transient renal allograft damage. After a longer time of virus shedding (28.4 ± 9.3 vs 12.2 ± 4.6 d in the control group) and a longer course of illness (35.3 ± 8.3 vs 18.8 ± 10.5 d in the control group), nine of the 10 transplant patients recovered successfully after treatment. One patient developed acute renal graft failure and died of progressive respiratory failure. Conclusions Kidney transplant recipients had more severe COVID-19 pneumonia than the general population, but most of them recovered after a prolonged clinical course and virus shedding. Findings from this small group of cases may have important implications for the treatment of COVID-19 pneumonia in immunosuppressed populations. Patient summary Immunosuppressed transplant recipients with coronavirus disease 2019 infection had more severe pneumonia, but most of them still achieved a good prognosis after appropriate treatment.
JO  - European Urology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2020.03.039
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0302283820302141
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Advice Regarding Systemic Therapy in Patients with Urological Cancers During the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Gillessen, Silke
AU  - Powles, Thomas
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Urology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2020.03.026
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0302283820302013
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - European Society of Trauma and Emergency Surgery (ESTES) recommendations for trauma and emergency surgery preparation during times of COVID-19 infection
AU  - Coimbra, Raul
AU  - Edwards, Sara
AU  - Kurihara, Hayato
AU  - Bass, Gary Alan
AU  - Balogh, Zsolt J.
AU  - Tilsed, Jonathan
AU  - Faccincani, Roberto
AU  - Carlucci, Michele
AU  - Martínez Casas, Isidro
AU  - Gaarder, Christine
AU  - Tabuenca, Arnold
AU  - Coimbra, Bruno C.
AU  - Marzi, Ingo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A series of recommendations regarding hospital perioperative preparation for the COVID-19 pandemic were compiled to inform surgeons worldwide on how to provide emergency surgery and trauma care during enduring times.The recommendations are divided into eight domains: (1) General recommendation for surgical services; (2) Emergency Surgery for critically ill COVID-19 positive or suspected patients -Preoperative planning and case selection; (3) Operating Room setup; (4) patient transport to the OR; (5) Surgical staff preparation; (6) Anesthesia considerations; (7) Surgical approach; and (8) Case Completion.The European Society of Emergency Surgery board endorsed these recommendations.
JO  - European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-6
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00068-020-01364-7
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00068-020-01364-7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Management of Gynaecological oncology diseases during COVID-19 global pandemic
AU  - de Andrade Vieira, Marcelo
AU  - Araujo, Raphael L. C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Journal of Surgical Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejso.2020.04.022
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0748798320304194
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Surgical management of bone and soft tissue sarcomas and skeletal metastases during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Cardoso, Pedro
AU  - Rodrigues-Pinto, Ricardo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Journal of Surgical Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejso.2020.04.027
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0748798320304248
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Imaging of Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Chinese Expert Consensus Statement
AU  - Yang, Qi
AU  - Liu, Qiang
AU  - Xu, Haibo
AU  - Lu, Hong
AU  - Liu, Shiyuan
AU  - Li, Hongjun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is highly contagious, mainly causing inflammatory lesions in the lungs, and can also cause damage to the intestine and liver. The rapid spread of the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia has posed complex challenges to global public health. Early detection, isolation, diagnosis, and treatment are the most effective means of prevention and control. At present, the epidemic situation of new coronavirus infection has tended to be controlled in China, and it is still in a period of rapid rise in much of the world. The current gold standard for the diagnosis of COVID-19 is the detection of coronavirus nucleic acids, but imaging has an important role in the detection of lung lesions, stratification, evaluation of treatment strategies, and differentiation of mixed infections. This Chinese expert consensus statement summarizes the imaging features of COVID-19 pneumonia and may help radiologists across the world to understand this disease better.
JO  - European Journal of Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 109008-109008
SP  - 109008
EP  - 109008
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrad.2020.109008
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0720048X20301972
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Early CT features and temporal lung changes in COVID-19 pneumonia in Wuhan, China
AU  - Hu, Qiongjie
AU  - Guan, Hanxiong
AU  - Sun, Ziyan
AU  - Huang, Lu
AU  - Chen, Chong
AU  - Ai, Tao
AU  - Pan, Yueying
AU  - Xia, Liming
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Purpose To analyse the high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) early imaging features and the changing trend of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia. Materials and Methods Forty-six patients with COVID-19 pneumonia who had an isolated lesion on the first positive CT were enrolled in this study. The following parameters were recorded for each lesion: sites, sizes, location (peripheral or central), attenuation (ground-glass opacity or consolidation), and other abnormalities (supply pulmonary artery dilation, air bronchogram, interstitial thickening, etc.). The follow-up CT images were compared with the previous CT scans, and the development of the lesions was evaluated. Results The lesions tended to be peripheral and subpleural. All the lesions exhibited ground-glass opacity with or without consolidation. A higher proportion of supply pulmonary artery dilation (89.13% [41/46]) and air bronchogram (69.57% [32/46]) were found. Other ﬁndings included thickening of the intralobular interstitium and a halo sign of ground glass around a solid nodule. Cavitation, calciﬁcation or lymphadelopathy were not observed. The reticular patterns were noted from the 14 days after symptoms onset in 7 of 20 patients (45%). At 22-31 days, the lesions were completely absorbed only in 2 of 7 patients(28.57%). Conclusion The typical early CT features of COVID-19 pneumonia are ground-glass opacity, and located peripheral or subpleural location, and with supply pulmonary artery dilation. Reticulation was evident after the 2nd week and persisted in half of patients evaluated in 4 weeks after the onset. Long-term follow-up is required to determine whether the reticulation represents irreversible ﬁbrosis.
JO  - European Journal of Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 109017-109017
SP  - 109017
EP  - 109017
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrad.2020.109017
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0720048X20302060
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Serial CT Features in Discharged COVID-19 Patients with Positive RT-PCR Re-test
AU  - Dou, Peipei
AU  - Zhang, Shuai
AU  - Wang, Chen
AU  - Cai, Lulu
AU  - Liu, Zhongxiao
AU  - Xu, Qinghong
AU  - Li, Xing
AU  - Meng, Yankai
AU  - Rong, Yutao
AU  - Li, Shaodong
AU  - Hu, Chunfeng
AU  - Xu, Kai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Journal of Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 109010-109010
SP  - 109010
EP  - 109010
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrad.2020.109010
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0720048X20301996
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chest CT findings of COVID-19 pneumonia by duration of symptoms
AU  - Ding, Xun
AU  - Xu, Jia
AU  - Zhou, Jun
AU  - Long, Qingyun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Purpose To evaluate lung abnormalities on thin-section computed tomographic (CT) scans in patients with COVID-19 and correlate findings to duration of symptoms. Methods In total, 348 CT scans in 112 patients were classified according to the time after the onset of the initial symptoms, namely stage-1 (0-4 days); stage-2 (5-9 days); stage-3 (10-14 days); stage-4 (15-21 days); stage-5 (22-28 days); and stage-6 (＞28 days). Each lung lobe was evaluated for extent affected by ground-glass opacities (GGO), crazy-paving pattern and consolidation, in five categories of percentual severity. Summation of scores from all five lung lobes provided the total CT score (maximal CT score, 25). Results The predominant patterns of lung abnormalities were GGOs, crazy-paving pattern, consolidation and linear opacities. The frequency of crazy-paving pattern, consolidation and linear opacities peaked at stage-3 (62.7%), stage-4 (75.0%) and stage-5 (83.1%), respectively, and decreased thereafter. Total CT scores increased from stage-1 to stage-2 (2.8 ± 3.1, vs. 6.5 ± 4.6, respectively, P < 0.01), and thereafter remained high. The lower lobes were more inclined to be involved with higher CT scores except for stage-1. At stage-6 98.1% of CT scans still showed abnormalities (CT score 7.5 ± 4.1). Conclusion Thin-section CT could provide semi-quantitative analysis of pulmonary damage severity. This disease changed rapidly at the early stage, then tended to be stable and lasted for a long time.
JO  - European Journal of Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 109009-109009
SP  - 109009
EP  - 109009
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrad.2020.109009
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0720048X20301984
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Nosocomial infections in psychiatric hospitals during the new coronavirus pneumonia outbreak
AU  - Ji, Haifeng
AU  - Li, Liu
AU  - Huang, Tianming
AU  - Zhu, Yuncheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since mid-December 2019, a new coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) has emerged in China. It was reported that Wuhan Mental Health Center in China was affected from the very beginning of the outbreak. Coincidentally, another large-scale nosocomial infection occurred at the psychiatric ward of the Daenam Hospital in South Korea. It is important for the policymakers to pay full attention on this aspect worldwide and corresponding prevention recommendations should be provided.
JO  - The European Journal of Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpsy.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0213616320300380
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cost-effectiveness of rivaroxaban plus aspirin (dual pathway inhibition) for prevention of ischaemic events in patients with cardiovascular disease: on top optimisation of secondary prevention medication in the context of COVID-19 pandemia
AU  - Rauch, Bernhard
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European journal of preventive cardiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 2047487320920754-2047487320920754
SP  - 2047487320920754
EP  - 2047487320920754
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/2047487320920754
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The importance of knowledge in respiratory physiotherapy – Editorial
AU  - Fagevik Olsén, Monika
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Journal of Physiotherapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-1
SP  - 1
EP  - 1
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/21679169.2020.1755098
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/21679169.2020.1755098
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Lead the way or leave the way: leading a Department of Orthopedics through the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Mauffrey, Cyril
AU  - Trompeter, Alex
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery & Traumatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00590-020-02670-x
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00590-020-02670-x
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Is There Evidence of Intra-Uterine Vertical Transmission Potential of COVID-19 Infection in Samples Tested by Quantitative RT-PCR?
AU  - Cheruiyot, Isaac
AU  - Henry, Brandon Michael
AU  - Lippi, Giuseppe
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2020.04.034
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301211520302190
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - PET imaging of COVID-19: the target and the number
AU  - Guedj, E.
AU  - Verger, A.
AU  - Cammilleri, S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00259-020-04820-z
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00259-020-04820-z
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Lack of dyspnea in Covid-19 patients; another neurological conundrum?
AU  - Bertran Recasens, Bernat
AU  - Martinez-Llorens, Juana Maria
AU  - Rodriguez-Sevilla, Juan José
AU  - Rubio, Miguel Angel
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - One relevant feature of the Covid-19 disease is the absence of dyspnea, described as 'shortness of breath' or 'an unpleasant urge to breathe'. The lack of dyspnea is observed even in the most severe cases, in which subjects present tachypnea and tachycardia. In the Wuhan cohort, 62.4% of severe cases and 46.3% of those who ended up intubated, ventilated or dead did not present dyspnea[1,2].
JO  - European journal of neurology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/ene.14265
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19 epidemic in Italy: evolution, projections and impact of government measures
AU  - Sebastiani, Giovanni
AU  - Massa, Marco
AU  - Riboli, Elio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We report on the Covid-19 epidemic in Italy in relation to the extraordinary measures implemented by the Italian Government between the 24th of February and the 12th of March. We analysed the Covid-19 cumulative incidence (CI) using data from the 1st to the 31st of March. We estimated that in Lombardy, the worst hit region in Italy, the observed Covid-19 CI diverged towards values lower than the ones expected in the absence of government measures approximately 7–10 days after the measures implementation. The Covid-19 CI growth rate peaked in Lombardy the 22nd of March and in other regions between the 24th and the 27th of March. The CI growth rate peaked in 87 out of 107 Italian provinces on average 13.6 days after the measures implementation. We projected that the CI growth rate in Lombardy should substantially slow by mid-May 2020. Other regions should follow a similar pattern. Our projections assume that the government measures will remain in place during this period. The evolution of the epidemic in different Italian regions suggests that the earlier the measures were taken in relation to the stage of the epidemic, the lower the total cumulative incidence achieved during this epidemic wave. Our analyses suggest that the government measures slowed and eventually reduced the Covid-19 CI growth where the epidemic had already reached high levels by mid-March (Lombardy, Emilia-Romagna and Veneto) and prevented the rise of the epidemic in regions of central and southern Italy where the epidemic was at an earlier stage in mid-March to reach the high levels already present in northern regions. As several governments indicate that their aim is to “push down” the epidemic curve, the evolution of the epidemic in Italy supports the WHO recommendation that strict containment measures should be introduced as early as possible in the epidemic curve.
JO  - European Journal of Epidemiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-5
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s10654-020-00631-6
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10654-020-00631-6
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The COVID-19 outbreak and its impact on hospitals in Italy: the model of cardiac surgery
AU  - Bonalumi, Giorgia
AU  - di Mauro, Michele
AU  - Garatti, Andrea
AU  - Barili, Fabio
AU  - Gerosa, Gino
AU  - Parolari, Alessandro
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/ejcts/ezaa151
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/ejcts/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ejcts/ezaa151/5821309
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Management of elective aortic valve replacement over the long term in the era of COVID-19
AU  - Basman, Craig
AU  - Kliger, Chad A.
AU  - Pirelli, Luigi
AU  - Scheinerman, S. Jacob
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/ejcts/ezaa152
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/ejcts/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ejcts/ezaa152/5821310
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cancer and COVID-19; how do we manage cancer optimally through a public health crisis?
AU  - Vrdoljak, Eduard
AU  - Sullivan, Richard
AU  - Lawler, Mark
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Journal of Cancer
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959804920301805
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Possible link between anosmia and COVID-19: sniffing out the truth
AU  - Marinosci, Annalisa
AU  - Landis, Basile N.
AU  - Calmy, Alexandra
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00405-020-05966-0
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00405-020-05966-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 2020 International Year of the Midwife – an unexpected challenge
AU  - Kennedy, Holly Powell
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Midwifery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 102732-102732
SP  - 102732
EP  - 102732
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2020.102732
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0266613820301042
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Insights into the Microbiological Safety of Wooden Cutting Boards Used for Meat Processing in Hong Kong’s Wet Markets: A Focus on Food-Contact Surfaces, Cross-Contamination and the Efficacy of Traditional Hygiene Practices
AU  - Sekoai, Patrick T.
AU  - Feng, Shiqi
AU  - Zhou, Wenwen
AU  - Ngan, Wing Y.
AU  - Pu, Yang
AU  - Yao, Yuan
AU  - Pan, Jie
AU  - Habimana, Olivier
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Hong Kong&rsquo;s wet markets play a crucial role in the country&rsquo;s supply of safe, fresh meat to satisfy the dietary needs of its population. Whilst food safety regulations have been introduced over the past few years to maintain the microbial safety of foods sold from these wet markets, it remains unclear whether the hygiene maintenance that is performed on the wooden cutting boards used for meat-processing is effective. In fact, hygiene maintenance may often be overlooked, and hygiene standards may be insufficient. If so, this may lead to the spread of harmful pathogens through cross-contamination, thereby causing severe risks to public health. The aim of this study was to determine the level of microbial transfer between wooden cutting boards and swine meat of various qualities, using 16S metagenomic sequencing, strain identification and biofilm screening of isolated strains. The results established that: (a) the traditional hygiene practices used for cleaning wooden cutting boards in Hong Kong&rsquo;s wet markets expose the surfaces to potentially harmful microorganisms; (b) the processing of microbially contaminated meat on cutting boards cleaned using traditional practices leads to cross-contamination; and (c) several potentially pathogenic microorganisms found on the cutting boards have good biofilm-forming abilities. These results reinforce the need to review the traditional methods used to clean wooden cutting boards after the processing of raw meat in Hong Kong&rsquo; wet markets so as to prevent cross-contamination events. The establishment of proper hygiene protocols may reduce the spread of disease-causing microorganisms (including antibiotic-resistant microorganisms) in food-processing environments.
JO  - Microorganisms 2020, Vol. 8, Page 579
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 8
IS  - 4
PG  - 579-579
SP  - 579
EP  - 579
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/MICROORGANISMS8040579
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/8/4/579
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Etiology and genetic evolution of canine coronavirus circulating in five provinces of China, during 2018–2019
AU  - He, Hai-Jian
AU  - Zhang, Wenyan
AU  - Liang, Jiawei
AU  - Lu, Meng
AU  - Wang, Ruyi
AU  - Li, Gairu
AU  - He, Jia-Wei
AU  - Chen, Jun
AU  - Xing, Gang
AU  - Chen, Ye
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As the outbreaks of COVID-19 in worldwide, coronavirus has once again caught the attention of people. Canine coronavirus is widespread among dog population, and sometimes causes even fatal cases. Here, to characterize the prevalence and evolution of current circulating canine coronavirus (CCoV) strains in China, we collected 213 fecal samples from diarrheic pet dogs between 2018 and 2019. Of the 213 samples, we found 51 (23.94%) were positive for CCoV. Co-infection with canine parvovirus (CPV), canine astrovirus (CaAstV), canine kobuvirus (CaKV), Torque teno canis virus (TTCaV) were ubiquitous existed. Mixed infection of different CCoV subtypes exists extensively. Considering the limited sequences data in recent years, we sequenced 7 nearly complete genomes and 10 complete spike gene. Phylogenetic analysis of spike gene revealed a new subtype CCoV-II Variant and CCoV-IIa was the most prevalent subtype currently circulating. Moreover, we identified strain B906_ZJ_2019 shared 93.24% nucleotide identifies with previous strain A76, and both of them clustered with CCoV-II Variant, which were not well clustered with the known subtypes. Recombination analysis of B906_ZJ_2019 indicated that strain B906_ZJ_2019 may a recombinant variant between CCoV–I and CCoV-II, which is consistent with strain A76. Furthermore, amino acid variations widely existed among current CCoV-IIa strains circulating in China and the classic CCoV-IIa strains, in spite of the unknown functions. In a word, we report a useful information as to the etiology and evolution of canine coronavirus in China based on the available sequences, which is urgent for the devise of future effective disease prevention and control strategies.
JO  - Microbial Pathogenesis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 104209-104209
SP  - 104209
EP  - 104209
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104209
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0882401020304964
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chloroquine Paradox May Cause More Damage Than Help Fight COVID-19
AU  - Sharma, Anuj
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is the most recent health care crisis without specific prophylactic or therapeutic drugs. Chloroquine (CHL) and its safer derivative hydroxychloroquine (HCHL), antimalarial drugs, have been proposed to be repurposed to treat SARS coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of COVID-19. CHL/HCHL have anti-inflammatory activity and are used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis and lupus. Although, CHL/HCHL have an anti-viral activity against several viruses in cell-cultures, the anti-viral activity in-vivo is questionable. Repurposing of CHL/HCHL to treat SARS-CoV-2 infection is appealing. However, there is empirical evidence from animal studies with other viruses suggesting that CHL/HCHL may have an untoward paradoxical effect. One thus cannot exclude the possibility that CHL may increase the severity of the disease and prove deleterious both for the patients and public health efforts to contain the highly contagious and explosive spread of SARS-CoV-2.
JO  - Microbes and Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micinf.2020.04.004
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S128645792030071X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Potential Role of Th17 Immune Responses in Coronavirus Immunopathology and Vaccine-induced Immune Enhancement
AU  - Hotez, Peter J.
AU  - Bottazzi, Maria Elena
AU  - Corry, David B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Increasing evidence points to host Th17 inflammatory responses as contributing to the severe lung pathology and mortality of lower respiratory tract infections from coronaviruses. This includes host inflammatory and cytokine responses to COVID-19 caused by the SARS-2 coronavirus (SARS CoV2). From studies conducted in laboratory animals, there are additional concerns about immune enhancement and the role of potential host immunopathology resulting from experimental human COVID-19 vaccines. Here we summarize evidence suggesting there may be partial overlap between the underlying immunopathologic processes linked to both coronavirus infection and vaccination, and a role for Th17 in immune enhancement and eosinophilic pulmonary immunopathology. Such findings help explain the link between viral-vectored coronavirus vaccines and immune enhancement and its reduction through alum adjuvants. Additional research may also clarify links between COVID-19 pulmonary immunopathology and heart disease.
JO  - Microbes and Infection
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micinf.2020.04.005
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1286457920300721
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Obesity as a risk factor for greater severity of COVID-19 in patients with metabolic associated fatty liver disease
AU  - Zheng, Kenneth I.
AU  - Gao, Feng
AU  - Wang, Xiao-Bo
AU  - Sun, Qing-Feng
AU  - Pan, Ke-Hua
AU  - Wang, Ting-Yao
AU  - Ma, Hong-Lei
AU  - Liu, Wen-Yue
AU  - George, Jacob
AU  - Zheng, Ming-Hua
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background & Aims. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been declared a pandemic in 2020. Patients with metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) are often obese and have additional metabolic risk factors which may aggravate the severity of respiratory diseases and of COVID-19. This study aims to investigate the association between MAFLD and COVID-19 severity. Methods 214 patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 aged between 18 and 75 years from three hospitals in Wenzhou, China were consecutively enrolled. Sixty-six patients with MAFLD were included in the final analysis. COVID-19 was diagnosed as a positive result by high-throughput sequencing or real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assay of oropharyngeal swab specimens. COVID-19 severity was assessed during hospitalization and classified as severe and non-severe based on the current management guideline. All patients were screened for fatty liver by computed tomography and subsequently diagnosed as MAFLD according to a recent set of consensus diagnostic criteria. Obesity was defined as BMI >25 kg/m2. Results The presence of obesity in MAFLD patients was associated with a ~ 6-fold increased risk of severe COVID-19 illness (unadjusted-OR 5.77, 95% CI 1.19–27.91, p = .029). Notably, this association with obesity and COVID-19 severity remained significant (adjusted-OR 6.32, 95% CI 1.16–34.54, p = .033) even after adjusting for age, sex, smoking, diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidaemia. Conclusions Our data demonstrate that the risk of obesity to COVID-19 severity is greater in those with, than those without MAFLD.
JO  - Metabolism
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 154244-154244
SP  - 154244
EP  - 154244
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2020.154244
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0026049520301086
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Low-density lipoprotein is a potential predictor of poor prognosis in patients with coronavirus disease 2019
AU  - Fan, Junli
AU  - Wang, Hui
AU  - Ye, Guangming
AU  - Cao, Xiaoling
AU  - Xu, Xianqun
AU  - Tan, Wenbin
AU  - Zhang, Yongxi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a global threat to public health. The lipid pathophysiology in COVID-19 is unknown. Methods In this retrospective longitudinal study, we monitored the serum lipids in 17 surviving and 4 non-surviving COVID-19 cases prior to their viral infections and duration the entire disease courses. Results In surviving cases, the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels decreased significantly on admission as compared with the levels before infection; the LDL levels remained constantly low during the disease progression and resumed to the original levels when patients recovered (pre-infection: 3.5 (3.0–4.4); on admission: 2.8 (2.3–3.1), p < .01; progression: 2.5 (2.3–3.0); discharge: 3.6 (2.7–4.1); median (IQR), in mmol/L). In non-surviving patients, LDL levels showed an irreversible and continuous decrease until death (1.1 (0.9–1.2), p = .02 versus the levels on admission). The ratio changes of LDL levels inversely correlated with ratio changes of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels. Logistic regression analysis showed increasing odds of lowered LDL levels associated with disease progression (odds ratio: 4.48, 95% IC: 1.55–12.92, p = .006) and in-hospital death (odds ratio: 21.72, 95% IC: 1.40–337.54, p = .028). Conclusions LDL levels inversely correlated to disease severities, which could be a predictor for disease progress and poor prognosis.
JO  - Metabolism
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 154243-154243
SP  - 154243
EP  - 154243
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2020.154243
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0026049520301074
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and diabetes mellitus: what we know, how our patients should be treated now, and what should happen next
AU  - Angelidi, Angeliki M.
AU  - Belanger, Matthew J.
AU  - Mantzoros, Christos S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Metabolism
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 154245-154245
SP  - 154245
EP  - 154245
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2020.154245
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0026049520301098
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Amid COVID-19, self-care as important for providers as it is for patients
AU  - Canady, Valerie A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 crisis has no doubt disrupted the lives of many, and the impact is being felt by mental health providers and front-line staff who have had to get accustomed to different ways of delivering services. Behavioral health care leaders in the field, in interviews with MHW, are reminding providers to take care of themselves emotionally and physically as they care for patients with mental health and substance use needs during this pandemic.
JO  - Mental Health Weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 30
IS  - 16
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/mhw.32324
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/mhw.32324
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in otolaryngologist practice: a review of current knowledge
AU  - Krajewska, Joanna
AU  - Krajewski, Wojciech
AU  - Zub, Krzysztof
AU  - Zatoński, Tomasz
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Otorhinolaryngological manifestations are common symptoms of COVID-19. This study provides a brief and precise review of the current knowledge regarding COVID-19, including disease transmission, clinical characteristics, diagnosis, and potential treatment. The article focused on COVID-19-related information useful in otolaryngologist practice. The Medline and Web of Science databases were searched without a time limit using terms “COVID-19”, “SARS-CoV-2” in conjunction with “otorhinolaryngological manifestation”, “ENT”, and “olfaction”. The most common otolaryngological dysfunctions of COVID-19 were cough, sore throat, and dyspnea. Rhinorrhea, nasal congestion and dizziness were also present. COVID-19 could manifest as an isolated sudden hyposmia/anosmia. Upper respiratory tract (URT) symptoms were commonly observed in younger patients and usually appeared initially. They could be present even before the molecular confirmation of SARS-CoV-2. Otolaryngologists are of great risk of becoming infected with SARS-CoV-2 as they cope with URT. ENT surgeons could be easily infected by SARS-CoV-2 during performing surgery in COVID-19 patients. Ear, nose and throat (ENT) symptoms may precede the development of severe COVID-19. During COVID-19 pandemic, patients with cough, sore throat, dyspnea, hyposmia/anosmia and a history of travel to the region with confirmed COVID-19 patients, should be considered as potential COVID-19 cases. An otolaryngologist should wear FFP3/N95 mask, glasses, disposable and fluid resistant gloves and gown while examining such individuals. Not urgent ENT surgeries should be postponed. Additional studies analyzing why some patients develop ENT symptoms during COVID-19 and others do not are needed. Further research is needed to determine the mechanism leading to anosmia.
JO  - European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-13
SP  - 1
EP  - 13
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00405-020-05968-y
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00405-020-05968-y
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and ENT Pediatric otolaryngology during the COVID-19 pandemic. Guidelines of the French Association of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology (AFOP) and French Society of Otorhinolaryngology (SFORL)
AU  - Leboulanger, N.
AU  - Sagardoy, T.
AU  - Akkari, M.
AU  - Ayari-Khalfallah, S.
AU  - Celerier, C.
AU  - Fayoux, P.
AU  - Luscan, R.
AU  - Mansbach, A. L.
AU  - Moreddu, E.
AU  - Pondaven, S.
AU  - Simon, F.
AU  - Teissier, N.
AU  - Thierry, B.
AU  - Fanoux, A.
AU  - Lescanne, E.
AU  - Nicollas, R.
AU  - Couloigner, V.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - ABSTRACT Objective: joint guidelines of the French Pediatric Otolaryngology Society (AFOP) and of the French Society of otorhinolaryngology – Head and neck Surgery (SFORL) on the management of paediatric otolaryngology patients in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A nation-wide workgroup drew guidelines based on clinical experience, national and local recommendations and scientific literature. Proposals may have to be updated on a day-to-day basis. Results: In children, incidence of symptomatic COVID-19 (1-5%) is low and of good prognosis. The indications for nasal flexible endoscopy should be drastically limited. If undertaken, full Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) including FFP2 masks are required, as well as use of a sheath. Saline nose wash done by caregivers other than parents at home should require PPE. Unless foreign body tracheobronchial aspiration is clinically obvious, CT-scan should be performed to confirm indication of endoscopy. Surgical indications should be limited to emergencies and to cases that cannot be delayed beyond 2 months (especially endonasal, endopharyngeal laryngo-tracheobronchial procedures). Postponement should ideally be a group decision and recorded as such in the medical file. Surgical techniques should be adapted to limit the risk of viral dissemination in the air, avoiding the use of drills, microdebriders, monopolar cautery or lasers. Continuous suction should be placed near the operating field. In case of confirmed Covid-19 cases, or suspected cases (or in some centres systematically), PPE with FFP2 mask should be worn by all staff members present in the operating room.
JO  - European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anorl.2020.04.010
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1879729620301009
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - New-onset acute symptomatic seizure and risk factors in Corona Virus Disease 2019: A Retrospective Multicenter Study
AU  - Lu, Lu
AU  - Xiong, Weixi
AU  - Liu, Dan
AU  - Liu, Jing
AU  - Yang, Dan
AU  - Li, Nian
AU  - Mu, Jie
AU  - Guo, Jian
AU  - Li, Weimin
AU  - Wang, Gang
AU  - Gao, Hui
AU  - Zhang, Yingying
AU  - Lin, Mintao
AU  - Chen, Lei
AU  - Shen, Sisi
AU  - Zhang, Hesheng
AU  - Sander, Josemir W.
AU  - Luo, Jianfei
AU  - Chen, Shengli
AU  - Zhou, Dong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Our aim was to clarify the incidence and risk of acute symptomatic seizures in people with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This multicenter retrospective study enrolled people with COVID-19 from 18 January to 18 February 2020 at 42 government-designated hospitals in Hubei province, the epicenter of the epidemic in China; Sichuan province; and Chongqing municipality. Data were collected from medical records by 11 neurologists using a standard case report form. A total of 304 people were enrolled, of whom 108 had a severe condition. None in this cohort had a known history of epilepsy. Neither acute symptomatic seizures or status epilepticus were observed. Two people had seizure-like symptoms during hospitalization due to acute stress reaction and hypocalcemia, Eighty-four (27%) had brain insults or metabolic imbalances during the disease course known to increase the risk of seizures. There was no evidence suggesting an additional risk of acute symptomatic seizures in people with COVID-19.Neither the virus or potential risk factors for seizures seem to be significant risks for the occurrence of acute symptomatic seizures in COVID-19.
JO  - Epilepsia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/epi.16524
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Is temperature reducing the transmission of COVID-19 ?
AU  - Tobías, Aurelio
AU  - Molina, Tomás
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Environmental Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 109553-109553
SP  - 109553
EP  - 109553
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2020.109553
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0013935120304461
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 virus outbreak lockdown: What impacts on household food wastage?
AU  - Jribi, Sarra
AU  - Ben Ismail, Hanen
AU  - Doggui, Darine
AU  - Debbabi, Hajer
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The 2019–2020 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a public health issue. Lockdown is among options suggested to reduce spread of the virus. This study aimed to determining the impact of COVID-19 lockdown on Tunisian consumer awareness, attitudes and behaviors related to food wastage. An online survey was conducted during the first 2 weeks of COVID-19 lockdown. The survey collected information on demographic data, awareness and attitudes toward food waste, food purchase behavior and household food expenditure estimation; extent of household food waste; willingness and information needs to reduce food waste. This study included 284 respondents. About 89% of respondents claimed to be aware of food waste, and the COVID-19 lockdown would impact for 93% of respondents, their waste levels, and for 80%, their grocery shopping habits. Interestingly, the COVID-19 lockdown improved food shopping performances and pushed toward a positive behavioral change regarding food wastage: 85% respondents declared nothing of what they bought would be discarded, and most of the respondents have set up a strategy of saving, storing and eating leftovers. The most cited reasons given for discarding food were overcooking, inappropriate storage and overbuying. Consumers’ changes in food waste prevention might be probably driven more by the socioeconomical context of the COVID-19 lockdown (i.e. food availability, restricted movements, loss of income), than by a pro-environmental concern. Finally, our study pointed out the consumers’ needs of information for taking further action. In conclusion, our study can constitute a basis to further promote household food waste prevention behavior, outlasting the COVID-19 crisis.
JO  - Environment, Development and Sustainability
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-17
SP  - 1
EP  - 17
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s10668-020-00740-y
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10668-020-00740-y
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in India: what might we expect?
AU  - Gautam, Sneha
AU  - Hens, Luc
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Environment, Development and Sustainability
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s10668-020-00739-5
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10668-020-00739-5
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - ESGE and ESGENA Position Statement on gastrointestinal endoscopy and the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Gralnek, Ian M.
AU  - Hassan, Cesare
AU  - Beilenhoff, Ulrike
AU  - Antonelli, Giulio
AU  - Ebigbo, Alanna
AU  - Pellisè, Maria
AU  - Arvanitakis, Marianna
AU  - Bhandari, Pradeep
AU  - Bisschops, Raf
AU  - Van Hooft, Jeanin E.
AU  - Kaminski, Michal F.
AU  - Triantafyllou, Konstantinos
AU  - Webster, George
AU  - Pohl, Heiko
AU  - Dunkley, Irene
AU  - Fehrke, Björn
AU  - Gazic, Mario
AU  - Gjergek, Tatjana
AU  - Maasen, Siiri
AU  - Waagenes, Wendy
AU  - de Pater, Marjon
AU  - Ponchon, Thierry
AU  - Siersema, Peter D.
AU  - Messmann, Helmut
AU  - Dinis-Ribeiro, Mario
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We are currently living in the throes of the COVID-19 pandemic that imposes a significant stress on health care providers and facilities. Europe is severely affected with an exponential increase in incident infections and deaths. The clinical manifestations of COVID-19 can be subtle, encompassing a broad spectrum from asymptomatic mild disease to severe respiratory illness. Health care professionals in endoscopy units are at increased risk of infection from COVID-19. Infection prevention and control has been shown to be dramatically effective in assuring the safety of both health care professionals and patients. The European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (www.esge.com) and the European Society of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Nurses and Associates (www.esgena.org) are joining forces to provide guidance during this pandemic to help assure the highest level of endoscopy care and protection against COVID-19 for both patients and endoscopy unit personnel. This guidance is based upon the best available evidence regarding assessment of risk during the current status of the pandemic and a consensus on which procedures to perform and the priorities on resumption. We appreciate the gaps in knowledge and evidence, especially on the proper strategy(ies) for the resumption of normal endoscopy practice during the upcoming phases and end of the pandemic and therefore a list of potential research questions is presented. New evidence may result in an updated statement.
JO  - Endoscopy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1055/a-1155-6229
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Attenuated SARS-CoV-2 variants with deletions at the S1/S2 junction
AU  - Lau, Siu-Ying
AU  - Wang, Pui
AU  - Mok, Bobo Wing-Yee
AU  - Zhang, Anna Jinxia
AU  - Chu, Hin
AU  - Lee, Andrew Chak-Yiu
AU  - Deng, Shaofeng
AU  - Chen, Pin
AU  - Chan, Kwok-Hung
AU  - Song, Wenjun
AU  - Chen, Zhiwei
AU  - To, Kelvin Kai-Wang
AU  - Chan, Jasper Fuk-Woo
AU  - Yuen, Kwok-Yung
AU  - Chen, Honglin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 has led to the current global coronavirus pandemic and more than one million infections since December 2019. The exact origin of SARS-CoV-2 remains elusive, but the presence of a distinct motif in the S1/S2 junction region suggests possible acquisition of cleavage site(s) in the spike protein that promoted cross-species transmission. Through plaque purification of Vero-E6 cultured SARS-CoV-2, we found a series of variants which contain 15-30-bp deletions (Del-mut) or point mutations respectively at the S1/S2 junction. Examination of the original clinical specimen from which the isolate was derived, and 26 additional SARS-CoV-2 positive clinical specimens, failed to detect this variant. Infection of hamsters shows that one of the variants (Del-mut-1) which carries deletion of 10 amino acids (30 bp) does not cause the body weight loss or more severe pathological changes in the lungs that is associated with wild type virus infection. We suggest that the unique cleavage motif promoting SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans may be under strong selective pressure, given that replication in permissive Vero-E6 cells leads to the loss of this adaptive function. It would be important to screen the prevalence of these variants in asymptomatic infected cases. The potential of the Del-mut variant as an attenuated vaccine or laboratory tool should be evaluated.
JO  - Emerging microbes & infections
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-15
SP  - 1
EP  - 15
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/22221751.2020.1756700
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Love and social distancing in the time of Covid-19: The philosophy and literature of pandemics
AU  - Peters, Michael A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Educational Philosophy and Theory
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-5
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/00131857.2020.1750091
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/00131857.2020.1750091
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - What are the Underlying Transmission Patterns of COVID-19 Outbreak? – An Age-specific Social Contact Characterization
AU  - Liu, Y.
AU  - Gu, Z.
AU  - Xia, S.
AU  - Shi, B.
AU  - Zhou, X. N.
AU  - Shi, Y.
AU  - Liu, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background COVID-19 has spread to 6 continents. Now is opportune to gain a deeper understanding of what may have happened. The findings can help inform mitigation strategies in the disease-affected countries. Methods In this work, we examine an essential factor that characterizes the disease transmission patterns: the interactions among people. We develop a computational model to reveal the interactions in terms of the social contact patterns among the population of different age-groups. We divide a city's population into seven age-groups: 0-6 years old (children); 7-14 (primary and junior high school students); 15-17 (high school students); 18-22 (university students); 23-44 (young/middle-aged people); 45-64 years old (middle-aged/elderly people); and 65 or above (elderly people). We consider four representative settings of social contacts that may cause the disease spread: (1) individual households; (2) schools, including primary/high schools as well as colleges and universities; (3) various physical workplaces; and (4) public places and communities where people can gather, such as stadiums, markets, squares, and organized tours. A contact matrix is computed to describe the contact intensity between different age-groups for each of the four settings. By integrating the four contact matrices with the next-generation matrix, we quantitatively characterize the underlying transmission patterns of COVID-19 among different populations. Findings We focus our study on 6 representative cities in China: Wuhan, the epicenter of COVID-19, together with Beijing, Tianjin, Hangzhou, Suzhou, and Shenzhen, which are five major cities from three key economic zones. The results show that the social contact-based analysis can readily explain the underlying disease transmission patterns as well as the associated risks (including both confirmed and unconfirmed cases). In Wuhan, the age-groups involving relatively intensive contacts in households and public/communities are dispersedly distributed. This can explain why the transmission of COVID-19 in the early stage mainly took place in public places and families in Wuhan. We estimate that Feb. 11, 2020 was the date with the highest transmission risk in Wuhan, which is consistent with the actual peak period of the reported case number (Feb. 4-14). Moreover, the surge in the number of new cases reported on Feb. 12-13 in Wuhan can readily be captured using our model, showing its ability in forecasting the potential/unconfirmed cases. We further estimate the disease transmission risks associated with different work resumption plans in these cities after the outbreak. The estimation results are consistent with the actual situations in the cities with relatively lenient control policies, such as Beijing, and those with strict control policies, such as Shenzhen. Interpretation With an in-depth characterization of age-specific social contact-based transmission, the retrospective and prospective situations of the disease outbreak, including the past and future transmission risks, the effectiveness of different interventions, and the disease transmission risks of restoring normal social activities, are computationally analyzed and reasonably explained. The conclusions drawn from the study not only provide a comprehensive explanation of the underlying COVID-19 transmission patterns in China, but more importantly, offer the social contact-based risk analysis methods that can readily be applied to guide intervention planning and operational responses in other countries, so that the impact of COVID-19 pandemic can be strategically mitigated. Funding General Research Fund of the Hong Kong Research Grants Council; Key Project Grants of the National Science Foundation of China.
JO  - EClinicalMedicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 100354-100354
SP  - 100354
EP  - 100354
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100354
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589537020300985
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Longitudinal characteristics of lymphocyte responses and cytokine profiles in the peripheral blood of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients
AU  - Liu, Jing
AU  - Li, Sumeng
AU  - Liu, Jia
AU  - Liang, Boyun
AU  - Wang, Xiaobei
AU  - Wang, Hua
AU  - Li, Wei
AU  - Tong, Qiaoxia
AU  - Yi, Jianhua
AU  - Zhao, Lei
AU  - Xiong, Lijuan
AU  - Guo, Chunxia
AU  - Tian, Jin
AU  - Luo, Jinzhuo
AU  - Yao, Jinghong
AU  - Pang, Ran
AU  - Shen, Hui
AU  - Peng, Cheng
AU  - Liu, Ting
AU  - Zhang, Qian
AU  - Wu, Jun
AU  - Xu, Ling
AU  - Lu, Sihong
AU  - Wang, Baoju
AU  - Weng, Zhihong
AU  - Han, Chunrong
AU  - Zhu, Huabing
AU  - Zhou, Ruxia
AU  - Zhou, Helong
AU  - Chen, Xiliu
AU  - Ye, Pian
AU  - Zhu, Bin
AU  - Wang, Lu
AU  - Zhou, Wenqing
AU  - He, Shengsong
AU  - He, Yongwen
AU  - Jie, Shenghua
AU  - Wei, Ping
AU  - Zhang, Jianao
AU  - Lu, Yinping
AU  - Wang, Weixian
AU  - Zhang, Li
AU  - Li, Ling
AU  - Zhou, Fengqin
AU  - Wang, Jun
AU  - Dittmer, Ulf
AU  - Lu, Mengji
AU  - Hu, Yu
AU  - Yang, Dongliang
AU  - Zheng, Xin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background The dynamic changes of lymphocyte subsets and cytokines profiles of patients with novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and their correlation with the disease severity remain unclear. Methods Peripheral blood samples were longitudinally collected from 40 confirmed COVID-19 patients and examined for lymphocyte subsets by flow cytometry and cytokine profiles by specific immunoassays. Findings Of the 40 COVID-19 patients enrolled, 13 severe cases showed significant and sustained decreases in lymphocyte counts [0•6 (0•6-0•8)] but increases in neutrophil counts [4•7 (3•6-5•8)] than 27 mild cases [1.1 (0•8-1•4); 2•0 (1•5-2•9)]. Further analysis demonstrated significant decreases in the counts of T cells, especially CD8+ T cells, as well as increases in IL-6, IL-10, IL-2 and IFN-γ levels in the peripheral blood in the severe cases compared to those in the mild cases. T cell counts and cytokine levels in severe COVID-19 patients who survived the disease gradually recovered at later time points to levels that were comparable to those of the mild cases. Moreover, the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (AUC=0•93) and neutrophil-to-CD8+ T cell ratio (N8R) (AUC =0•94) were identified as powerful prognostic factors affecting the prognosis for severe COVID-19. Interpretation The degree of lymphopenia and a proinflammatory cytokine storm is higher in severe COVID-19 patients than in mild cases, and is associated with the disease severity. N8R and NLR may serve as a useful prognostic factor for early identification of severe COVID-19 cases. Funding The National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Science and Technology Major Project, the Health Commission of Hubei Province, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, and the Medical Faculty of the University Hospital Essen, Germany.
JO  - EBioMedicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 102763-102763
SP  - 102763
EP  - 102763
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102763
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352396420301389
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Should Patients Receiving ACE Inhibitors or Angiotensin Receptor Blockers be Switched to Other Antihypertensive Drugs to Prevent or Improve Prognosis of Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)?
AU  - Trifirò, Gianluca
AU  - Crisafulli, Salvatore
AU  - Andò, Giuseppe
AU  - Racagni, Giorgio
AU  - Drago, Filippo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Drug Safety
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s40264-020-00935-2
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s40264-020-00935-2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Déjà vu: stimulating open drug discovery for SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Ekins, Sean
AU  - Mottin, Melina
AU  - Ramos, Paulo R. P. S.
AU  - Sousa, Bruna K. P.
AU  - Neves, Bruno Junior
AU  - Foil, Daniel H.
AU  - Zorn, Kimberley M.
AU  - Braga, Rodolpho C.
AU  - Coffee, Megan
AU  - Southan, Christopher
AU  - Puhl, Ana C.
AU  - Andrade, Carolina Horta
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In the past decade we have seen two major Ebola virus outbreaks in Africa, the Zika virus in Brazil and the Americas and the current pandemic of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). There is a strong sense of déjà vu because there are still no effective treatments. In the COVID-19 pandemic, despite being a new virus, there are already drugs suggested as active in in vitro assays that are being repurposed in clinical trials. Promising SARS-CoV-2 viral targets and computational approaches are described and discussed. Here, we propose, based on open antiviral drug discovery approaches for previous outbreaks, that there could still be gaps in our approach to drug discovery.
JO  - Drug Discovery Today
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drudis.2020.03.019
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1359644620301458
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Response to recent commentaries regarding the involvement of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and renin-angiotensin system blockers in SARS-CoV-2 infections
AU  - Speth, Robert C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Drug development research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/ddr.21672
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Les actualités de DDS 1er trimestre 2020
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Droit, Déontologie & Soin
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.ddes.2020.04.020
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1629658320300728 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1629658320300728
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - EUS-guided gallbladder drainage during a pandemic crisis - How the COVID-19 outbreak could impact interventional endoscopy
AU  - Lisotti, Dr Andrea
AU  - Fusaroli, Prof Pietro
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Digestive and Liver Disease
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dld.2020.03.022
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1590865820301249
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The corona crisis unmasks prevailing social ideologies
AU  - Gregersen, Niels Henrik
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Dialog
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/dial.12558
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/dial.12558
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 3D-printed face protective shield in interventional radiology: evaluation of an immediate solution in the era of COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Sapoval, M.
AU  - Gaultier, A. L.
AU  - Del Giudice, C.
AU  - Pellerin, O.
AU  - Kassis-Chikhani, N.
AU  - Lemarteleur, V.
AU  - Fouquet, V.
AU  - Tapie, L.
AU  - Morenton, P.
AU  - Tavitian, B.
AU  - Attal, J. P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Purpose: The purpose of this study was to report the clinical evaluation of a 3D-printed protective face shield designed to protect interventional radiologists from droplet transmission of the SARS-Cov-2. Materials and methods: A protective face shield consisting in a standard transparent polymerizing vinyl chloride (PVC) sheet was built using commercially available 3D printers. The 3D-printed face shield was evaluated in 31 interventional procedures in terms of ability to perform the assigned intervention as usual, quality of visual comfort and tolerance using a Likert scale (from 1, as very good to 5, as extremely poor). Results: The mean rating for ability to perform the assigned intervention as usual was 1.7 ± 0.8 (SD) (range: 1 - 4). The mean visual tolerance rating was 1.6 ± 0.7 (SD) (range: 1 - 4). The mean tolerability rating was 1.4 ± 0.7 (SD) (range: 1 - 3). Conclusion: The 3D-printed protective face shield is well accepted in various interventions. It may become an additional option for protection of interventional radiologists.
JO  - Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diii.2020.04.004
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211568420300978
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Managing New-Onset Type 1 Diabetes During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Challenges and Opportunities
AU  - Garg, Satish K.
AU  - Rodbard, David
AU  - Hirsch, Irl B.
AU  - Forlenza, Gregory P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background: The current COVID-19 pandemic provides an incentive to expand considerably the use of telemedicine for high-risk patients with diabetes, and especially for the management of type 1 diab...
JO  - Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - dia.2020.0161-dia.2020.0161
SP  - dia.2020.0161
EP  - dia.2020.0161
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1089/dia.2020.0161
UR  - https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/dia.2020.0161
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and diabetes management: What should be considered?
AU  - Ceriello, Antonio
AU  - Stoian, Anca Pantea
AU  - Rizzo, Manfredi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 108151-108151
SP  - 108151
EP  - 108151
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108151
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168822720304010
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Letter to the Editor in Response to article: “Clinical considerations for patients with diabetes in times of COVID-19 epidemic (Gupta et al.)
AU  - Hussain, Akhtar
AU  - do Vale Moreira, Nayla Cristina
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.04.022
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1871402120300874
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Diabetes mellitus is associated with increased mortality and severity of disease in COVID-19 pneumonia – A systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression
AU  - Huang, Ian
AU  - Lim, Michael Anthonius
AU  - Pranata, Raymond
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background and aims Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is chronic conditions with devastating multi-systemic complication and may be associated with severe form of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis in order to investigate the association between DM and poor outcome in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. Methods Systematic literature search was performed from several electronic databases on subjects that assess DM and outcome in COVID-19 pneumonia. The outcome of interest was composite poor outcome, including mortality, severe COVID-19, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), need for intensive care unit (ICU) care, and disease progression. Results There were a total of 6452 patients from 30 studies. Meta-analysis showed that DM was associated with composite poor outcome (RR 2.38 [1.88, 3.03], p < 0.001; I2: 62%) and its subgroup which comprised of mortality (RR 2.12 [1.44, 3.11], p < 0.001; I2: 72%), severe COVID-19 (RR 2.45 [1.79, 3.35], p < 0.001; I2: 45%), ARDS (RR 4.64 [1.86, 11.58], p = 0.001; I2: 9%), and disease progression (RR 3.31 [1.08, 10.14], p = 0.04; I2: 0%). Meta-regression showed that the association with composite poor outcome was influenced by age (p = 0.003) and hypertension (p < 0.001). Subgroup analysis showed that the association was weaker in studies with median age ≥55 years-old (RR 1.92) compared to <55 years-old (RR 3.48), and in prevalence of hypertension ≥25% (RR 1.93) compared to <25% (RR 3.06). Subgroup analysis on median age <55 years-old and prevalence of hypertension <25% showed strong association (RR 3.33) Conclusion DM was associated with mortality, severe COVID-19, ARDS, and disease progression in patients with COVID-19.
JO  - Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.04.018
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1871402120300837
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Letter to the Editor in Response to article: “Clinical considerations for patients with diabetes in times of COVID-19 epidemic (Gupta et al.)
AU  - Gupta, Ritesh
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.04.023
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1871402120300886
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): An overview of viral structure and host response
AU  - Astuti, Indwiani
AU  - Ysrafil
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background and aim As a result of its rapid spread in various countries around the world, on March 11, 2020, WHO issued an announcement of the change in coronavirus disease 2019 status from epidemic to pandemic disease. The virus that causes this disease is indicated originating from animals traded in a live animal market in Wuhan, China. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 can attack lung cells because there are many conserved receptor entries, namely Angiotensin Converting Enzyme-2. The presence of this virus in host cells will initiate various protective responses leading to pneumonia and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. This review aimed to provide an overview related to this virus and examine the body's responses and possible therapies. Method We searched PubMed databases for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2, Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus. Full texts were retrieved, analyzed and developed into an easy-to-understand review. Results We provide a complete review related to structure, origin, and how the body responds to this virus infection and explain the possibility of an immune system over-reaction or cytokine storm. We also include an explanation of how this virus creates modes of avoidance to evade immune system attacks. We further explain the therapeutic approaches that can be taken in the treatment and prevention of this viral infection. Conclusion In summary, based on the structural and immune-evasion system of coronavirus, we suggest several approaches to treat the disease.
JO  - Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.04.020
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1871402120300849
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Les droits humains des enfants en situation de handicap en cas d'urgence sanitaire: le défi du COVID-19
AU  - Schiariti, Verónica
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Developmental medicine and child neurology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/dmcn.14549
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Successful Guselkumab treatment in a psoriatic patient affected with Cornelia de Lange Syndrome, and prosecution during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Mugheddu, Cristina
AU  - Dell'Antonia, Massimo
AU  - Sanna, Silvia
AU  - Agosta, Daniele
AU  - Atzori, Laura
AU  - Rongioletti, Franco
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - ABSTRACT Psychomotor delay and intellectual disability are potential limitations in psoriasis management, due to low compliance, and strict dependence from care givers intervention. We report our successful experience with a 58-year-old woman, who was genetically affected by Cornelia De Lange syndrome, which causes intellectual disability and psychomotor disorders. The patient had been already treated with topical and traditional therapies, without any clinical benefits. Eventually she adhered to guselkumab treatment. The compliance was excellent, significant improvements were observed after only 3 months of treatment, without adverse effects. During follow-up, the COVID-19 pandemic address concern on the possible increased risk of infection due to immunosuppression. In agreement with current Italian recommendations, risk and benefits profile was discussed with the patient's legal tutor and the decision to continue the treatment was taken. Psoriasis complete clarification was maintained during the most difficult period of the Italian outbreak, allowing the patient to remain safely at home. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - Dermatologic Therapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/dth.13433
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/dth.13433
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronaviruses: A patent dataset report for research and development (R&D) analysis
AU  - Machuca-Martinez, Fiderman
AU  - Amado, Rubén Camargo
AU  - Gutierrez, Oscar
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This work shows a patent database for Coronaviruses that provides an overview of the patenting activity and trends in focused antiviral therapy with the use of triazole based compounds, glycoprotein, and protease inhibitors as possible treatment. The patent data was obtained from Orbit Intelligence Software using a patent family structure to get a big database that could be used for built patent landscape report (PLR), market analysis, technical and competitive intelligence, and monitoring and survey of a new ideas for the treatment of coronavirus diseases. The raw data is reported in four databases, which were classified according to different items: legal status (alive, dead), 1st application year (after 2015, 2011-2015, 2006-2010, 2001-2005), and Top 5 International Patents Classifications (IPC). The main players, the investment trend, markets, geographical distribution, technology overview, technologies distribution, and patent citation are showed by this analysed data report.
JO  - Data in Brief
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 105551-105551
SP  - 105551
EP  - 105551
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2020.105551
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352340920304455
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cell-Based Therapies for COVID-19: Proper Clinical Investigations are Essential
AU  - Khoury, Maroun
AU  - Rocco, Patricia R. M.
AU  - Phinney, Donald G.
AU  - Krampera, Mauro
AU  - Martin, Ivan
AU  - Viswanathan, Sowmya
AU  - Nolta, Jan A.
AU  - LeBlanc, Katarina
AU  - Galipeau, Jacques
AU  - Weiss, Daniel J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The serious consequences of the global COVID-19 pandemic have prompted a rapid gobal response to develop effective therapies that can lessen disease severity in infected patients. Cell-based approaches, primarily using mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), have demonstrated a strong safety profile and possible efficacy in patients with the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), but whether these therapies are effective for treating respiratory virus-induced ARDS is unknown. According to the WHO ICTRP and the NIH clinicaltrials.gov databases, 27 clinical investigations of MSC-based cell therapy approaches have begun in China since the onset of the COVID-19 outbreak, as well as a growing number of academic and industry trials elsewhere. Several recent published reports have suggested potential efficacy; however, the available data presented is either anecdotal or from incomplete, poorly controlled investigations. Therefore, while there may be a potential role for MSCs and other cell-based therapies in treatment of COVID-19, these need to be investigated in a rationally designed, controlled approach if safety and efficacy are to be demonstrated accurately. We urge that the field proceeds by finding balance between swift experimentation and communication of results, and scientifically coherent generation and analysis of clinical data.
JO  - Cytotherapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcyt.2020.04.089
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1465324920306162
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Tracing New Clinical Manifestations in Patients with COVID-19 in Chile and Its Potential Relationship with the SARS-CoV-2 Divergence
AU  - Rodriguez-Morales, Alfonso J.
AU  - Rodriguez-Morales, Andrea Gabriela
AU  - Méndez, Claudio A.
AU  - Hernández-Botero, Sebastián
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In this review, we discuss the current implications of the changing genomic epidemiology of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), etiological agent of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and its potential relationship with the change of clinical manifestations in patients with confirmed infection. Over the course of the current pandemic, the virus has been found more diverse in new countries. Simultaneously, also new clinical manifestations are observed, particularly more prominent gastrointestinal and neurological findings. SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 is changing not only its epidemiology, but also its genomic diversity and clinical manifestations, both aspects coupled, needs to be considered in the study of this ongoing pandemic.
JO  - Current Tropical Medicine Reports
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s40475-020-00205-2
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s40475-020-00205-2
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Hydroxychloroquine in Covid-19: Does the end justify the means?
AU  - Yakoub-Agha, Ibrahim
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Current Research in Translational Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.retram.2020.04.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452318620300301
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 Seroconversion in Humans: A Detailed Protocol for a Serological Assay, Antigen Production, and Test Setup
AU  - Stadlbauer, Daniel
AU  - Amanat, Fatima
AU  - Chromikova, Veronika
AU  - Jiang, Kaijun
AU  - Strohmeier, Shirin
AU  - Arunkumar, Guha Asthagiri
AU  - Tan, Jessica
AU  - Bhavsar, Disha
AU  - Capuano, Christina
AU  - Kirkpatrick, Ericka
AU  - Meade, Philip
AU  - Brito, Ruhi Nichalle
AU  - Teo, Catherine
AU  - McMahon, Meagan
AU  - Simon, Viviana
AU  - Krammer, Florian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In late 2019, cases of atypical pneumonia were detected in China. The etiological agent was quickly identified as a betacoronavirus (named SARS-CoV-2), which has since caused a pandemic. Several methods allowing for the specific detection of viral nucleic acids have been established, but these only allow detection of the virus during a short period of time, generally during acute infection. Serological assays are urgently needed to conduct serosurveys, to understand the antibody responses mounted in response to the virus, and to identify individuals who are potentially immune to re-infection. Here we describe a detailed protocol for expression of antigens derived from the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 that can serve as a substrate for immunological assays, as well as a two-stage serological enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). These assays can be used for research studies and for testing in clinical laboratories. © 2020 The Authors. Basic Protocol 1: Mammalian cell transfection and protein purification Basic Protocol 2: A two-stage ELISA for high-throughput screening of human serum samples for antibodies binding to the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2.
JO  - Current protocols in microbiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 57
IS  - 1
PG  - e100-e100
SP  - e100
EP  - e100
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/cpmc.100
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Research and Funding in the Time of COVID-19
AU  - McCauley, D. J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - CSA News
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/csan.20139
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/csan.20139
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The application of strong matrix management and PDCA cycle in the management of severe COVID-19 patients
AU  - Li, Yuanchao
AU  - Wang, Hongliang
AU  - Jiao, Jundong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Critical Care
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 24
IS  - 1
PG  - 157-157
SP  - 157
EP  - 157
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s13054-020-02871-0
UR  - https://ccforum.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13054-020-02871-0
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Physical Distancing and Emotional Closeness Amidst COVID-19
AU  - Yip, Paul S. F.
AU  - Chau, Pui Hing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Crisis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1027/0227-5910/a000710
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Could telehealth help eye care practitioners adapt contact lens services during the COVID-19 pandemic?
AU  - Nagra, Manbir
AU  - Vianya-Estopa, Marta
AU  - Wolffsohn, James S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Contact Lens and Anterior Eye
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clae.2020.04.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1367048420300758
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Reply: Introducing special cutaneous “sign” tribute to healthcare workers managing new coronavirus disease (Covid −19)
AU  - Darlenski, Razvigor
AU  - Tsankov, Nikolai
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinics in Dermatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clindermatol.2020.04.012
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0738081X20300778
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Introducing special cutaneous “sign” tribute to healthcare workers managing new coronavirus disease (Covid −19)
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinics in Dermatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2020.04.009
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0738081X20300742 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0738081X20300742
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19-related cardiac involvement and potential implications for cardiothoracic imaging
AU  - Wilson, M. P.
AU  - Coulden, R. A.
AU  - Low, G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crad.2020.04.004
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S000992602030146X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Ultrasound in COVID-19: a timeline of ultrasound findings in relation to CT
AU  - Fiala, M. J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crad.2020.04.003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0009926020301434
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical Pharmacology Perspectives on the Antiviral Activity of Azithromycin and Use in COVID-19
AU  - Damle, Bharat
AU  - Vourvahis, Manoli
AU  - Wang, Erjian
AU  - Leaney, Joanne
AU  - Corrigan, Brian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Azithromycin (AZ) is a broad-spectrum macrolide antibiotic with a long half-life and a large volume of distribution. It is primarily used for the treatment of respiratory, enteric, and genitourinary bacterial infections. AZ is not approved for the treatment of viral infections, and there is no well-controlled, prospective, randomized clinical evidence to support AZ therapy in COVID-19 (Coronavirus Infectious Disease-2019). Nevertheless, there are anecdotal reports that some hospitals have begun to include AZ in combination with hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) or chloroquine (CQ) for treatment of COVID-19. It is essential that the clinical pharmacology (CP) characteristics of AZ be considered in planning and conducting clinical trials of AZ alone or in combination with other agents, to ensure safe study conduct and to increase the probability of achieving definitive answers regarding efficacy of AZ in the treatment of COVID-19. The safety profile of AZ used as an antibacterial agent is well-established.(1) This work assesses published in vitro and clinical evidence for AZ as an agent with antiviral properties. It also provides basic CP information relevant for planning and initiating COVID-19 clinical studies with AZ, summarizes safety data from healthy volunteer studies, and safety and efficacy from Phase 2 and Phase 2/3 studies in patients with uncomplicated malaria, including a Phase 2/3 study in pediatric patients following administration of AZ and CQ in combination. This paper may also serve to facilitate the consideration and use of a priori-defined control groups for future research.
JO  - Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/cpt.1857
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chloroquine for SARS-CoV-2: Implications of Its Unique Pharmacokinetic and Safety Properties
AU  - Smit, Cornelis
AU  - Peeters, Mariska Y. M.
AU  - van den Anker, John N.
AU  - Knibbe, Catherijne A. J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since in vitro studies and a preliminary clinical report suggested the efficacy of chloroquine for COVID-19-associated pneumonia, there is increasing interest in this old antimalarial drug. In this article, we discuss the pharmacokinetics and safety of chloroquine that should be considered in light of use in SARS-CoV-2 infections. Chloroquine is well absorbed and distributes extensively resulting in a large volume of distribution with an apparent and terminal half-life of 1.6 days and 2 weeks, respectively. Chloroquine is metabolized by cytochrome P450 and renal clearance is responsible for one third of total clearance. The lack of reliable information on target concentrations or doses for COVID-19 implies that for both adults and children, doses that proved effective and safe in malaria should be considered, such as ‘loading doses’ in adults (30 mg/kg over 48 h) and children (70 mg/kg over 5 days), which reported good tolerability. Here, plasma concentrations were < 2.5 μmol/L, which is associated with (minor) toxicity. While the influence of renal dysfunction, critical illness, or obesity seems small, in critically ill patients, reduced absorption may be anticipated. Clinical experience has shown that chloroquine has a narrow safety margin, as three times the adult therapeutic dosage for malaria can be lethal when given as a single dose. Although infrequent, poisoning in children is extremely dangerous where one to two tablets can potentially be fatal. In conclusion, the pharmacokinetic and safety properties of chloroquine suggest that chloroquine can be used safely for an acute virus infection, under corrected QT monitoring, but also that the safety margin is small, particularly in children.
JO  - Clinical Pharmacokinetics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-11
SP  - 1
EP  - 11
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s40262-020-00891-1
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s40262-020-00891-1
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chloroquine and COVID-19 - a potential game changer?
AU  - Sturrock, Beattie Rh
AU  - Chevassut, Timothy Jt
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, causing the disease COVID-19, first emerged in Wuhan, China in December 2019 and has now spread to 203 countries or territories, infected over 2 million people and caused over 133,000 deaths. There is an urgent need for specific treatments. One potential treatment is chloroquine and its derivatives, including hydroxychloroquine, which have both antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects. These compounds are effective against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro, but in vivo data are lacking. Although some encouraging outcomes have been reported, and these results have been received enthusiastically, we recommend careful and critical evaluation of current evidence only when all methods and data are available for peer review. Chloroquine is safe and cheap. However, further evidence from coordinated multicentre trials is required before it can be confidently said whether it is effective against the current pandemic.
JO  - Clinical medicine (London, England)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7861/clinmed.2020-0129
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The role of the future physician: building on shifting sands
AU  - Fernandes, Linford
AU  - FitzPatrick, Michael Eb
AU  - Roycroft, Matthew
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The role of the future physician in the NHS is of interest to current doctors, patients, policymakers and the wider public. Amid the COVID-19 pandemic, it has never been more clear that the healthcare needs of the population, and the technical and scientific advances with which to solve them, are rapidly evolving and the medical workforce must adapt to these changes to deliver personalised healthcare. This article considers the current challenges that need to be addressed to deliver a future physician-led healthcare service that works for its patients. Key themes are expanded upon, including the changing healthcare workforce, digital and technological innovation, service delivery, complex conditions and changing patient demographics. The impact and challenges of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic on these factors are highlighted. Avenues for development are suggested, both in postgraduate medical training and the health service as a whole. These changes will be required to deliver the physicians of the future, imbued with the skills and attributes they will need to provide a high standard of care in the mid-21st century.
JO  - Clinical medicine (London, England)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7861/clinmed.2020-0030
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Weak Induction of Interferon Expression by SARS-CoV-2 Supports Clinical Trials of Interferon Lambda to Treat Early COVID-19
AU  - O’Brien, Thomas R.
AU  - Thomas, David L.
AU  - Jackson, Sarah S.
AU  - Prokunina-Olsson, Ludmila
AU  - Donnelly, Raymond P.
AU  - Hartmann, Rune
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa453
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa453/5821272
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Detectable serum SARS-CoV-2 viral load (RNAaemia) is closely correlated with drastically elevated interleukin 6 (IL-6) level in critically ill COVID-19 patients
AU  - Chen, Xiaohua
AU  - Zhao, Binghong
AU  - Qu, Yueming
AU  - Chen, Yurou
AU  - Xiong, Jie
AU  - Feng, Yong
AU  - Men, Dong
AU  - Huang, Qianchuan
AU  - Liu, Ying
AU  - Yang, Bo
AU  - Ding, Jinya
AU  - Li, Feng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Although the detection of SARS-CoV-2 viral load in respiratory specimens has been widely used to diagnose coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), it is undeniable that serum SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid (RNAaemia) could be detected in a fraction of COVID-19 patients. However, it is not clear whether testing for RNAaemia is correlated with the occurrence of cytokine storms or with the specific class of patients. METHODS: This study enrolled 48 patients with COVID-19 admitted to the General Hospital of Central Theater Command, PLA, a designated hospital in Wuhan, China. The patients were divided into three groups according to the "Diagnosis and Treatment of New Coronavirus Pneumonia (6th edition)" issued by the National Health Commission of China. The clinical and laboratory data were collected. The serum viral load and IL-6 levels were determined. . RESULTS: Clinical characteristics analysis of 48 cases of COVID-19 showed that RNAaemia was diagnosed only in the critically ill group and seemed to reflect the severity of the disease. Furthermore, the level of inflammatory cytokine IL-6 in critically ill patients increased significantly, almost 10 times that in other patients. More importantly, the extremely high IL-6 level was closely correlated with the detection of RNAaemia (R = 0.902). CONCLUSIONS: Detectable serum SARS-Cov-2 RNA(RNAaemia) in COVID-19 patients was associated with elevated IL-6 concentration and poor prognosis. Because the elevated IL-6 may be part of a larger cytokine storm which could worsen outcome, IL-6 could be a potential therapeutic target for critically ill patients with an excessive inflammatory response.
JO  - Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa449
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The duration of viral shedding of discharged patients with severe COVID-19
AU  - Zhou, Bo
AU  - She, Jianqing
AU  - Wang, Yadan
AU  - Ma, Xiancang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has drawn global intensive attention1-3. Most of studies paid attention to epidemiological, clinical, and radiological features of inpatients with COVID-191-3. However, little studies have focused on clinical characteristics of discharged patients with severe COVID-19, especially the duration of viral shedding.</p>
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa451
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa451/5821307
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Profile of RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2: a preliminary study from 56 COVID-19 patients
AU  - Xiao, Ai Tang
AU  - Tong, Yi Xin
AU  - Zhang, Sheng
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>A novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic threatens the world. Here, we first studied the dynamics profile of SARS-CoV-2 from 56 recovered COVID-19 patients. We found virus shedding was up to 6 weeks after onset of symptoms. Prolonged observation period is necessary for older patients.</p>
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa460
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa460/5822175
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Antibody Detection and Dynamic Characteristics in Patients with COVID-19
AU  - Xiang, Fei
AU  - Wang, Xiaorong
AU  - He, Xinliang
AU  - Peng, Zhenghong
AU  - Yang, Bohan
AU  - Zhang, Jianchu
AU  - Zhou, Qiong
AU  - Ye, Hong
AU  - Ma, Yanling
AU  - Li, Hui
AU  - Wei, Xiaoshan
AU  - Cai, Pengcheng
AU  - Ma, Wan-Li
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa461
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa461/5822173
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - After Covid-19
AU  - Wenzel, Richard P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa455
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa455/5821270
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19) in febrile infants without respiratory distress
AU  - Paret, Michal
AU  - Lighter, Jennifer
AU  - Pellett Madan, Rebecca
AU  - Raabe, Vanessa N.
AU  - Shust, Gail F.
AU  - Ratner, Adam J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>We report two cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19) in infants presenting with fever in the absence of respiratory distress who required hospitalization for evaluation of possible invasive bacterial infections. The diagnoses resulted from routine isolation and real-time RT-PCR-based testing for SARS-CoV-2 for febrile infants in an outbreak setting.</p>
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa452
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa452/5821305
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Population movement, city closure in Wuhan and geographical expansion of the 2019-nCoV pneumonia infection in China in January 2020
AU  - Liu, Kun
AU  - Ai, Siqi
AU  - Song, Shuxuan
AU  - Zhu, Guanghu
AU  - Tian, Fei
AU  - Li, Huan
AU  - Gao, Yuan
AU  - Wu, Yinglin
AU  - Zhang, Shiyu
AU  - Shao, Zhongjun
AU  - Liu, Qiyong
AU  - Lin, Hualiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa422
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa422/5821327
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The characteristics of household transmission of COVID-19
AU  - Li, Wei
AU  - Zhang, Bo
AU  - Lu, Jianhua
AU  - Liu, Shihua
AU  - Chang, Zhiqiang
AU  - Cao, Peng
AU  - Liu, Xinhua
AU  - Zhang, Peng
AU  - Ling, Yan
AU  - Tao, Kaixiong
AU  - Chen, Jianying
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa450
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa450/5821281
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Testing for SARS-CoV-2: Can We Stop at Two?
AU  - Lee, Tau Hong
AU  - Lin, Ray Junhao
AU  - Lin, Raymond T. P.
AU  - Barkham, Timothy
AU  - Rao, Pooja
AU  - Leo, Yee-Sin
AU  - Lye, David Chien
AU  - Young, Barnaby
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - <p>The COVID-19 epidemic requires accurate identification and isolation of confirmed cases for effective control. This report describes the effectiveness of our testing strategy and highlights the importance of repeat testing in suspect cases in our cohort.</p>
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa459
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa459/5822543
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Albert Camus’ ‘The COVID-19 Plague’ Revisited
AU  - Franco-Paredes, Carlos
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cid/ciaa454
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa454/5821271
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - On the molecular determinants the SARS-CoV-2 attack
AU  - Kanduc, Darja
AU  - Shoenfeld, Yehuda
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical Immunology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 108426-108426
SP  - 108426
EP  - 108426
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clim.2020.108426
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1521661620302023
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Diarrhea is associated with prolonged symptoms and viral carriage in COVID-19
AU  - Wei, Xiao-Shan
AU  - Wang, Xu
AU  - Niu, Yi-Ran
AU  - Ye, Lin-Lin
AU  - Peng, Wen-Bei
AU  - Wang, Zi-Hao
AU  - Yang, Wei-Bing
AU  - Yang, Bo-Han
AU  - Zhang, Jian-Chu
AU  - Ma, Wan-Li
AU  - Wang, Xiao-Rong
AU  - Zhou, Qiong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background & Aims We compared clinical, laboratory, radiological, and outcome features of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19) with pneumonia, with vs without diarrhea. Methods We performed a retrospective, single-center analysis of 84 patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan Union Hospital, China, from January 19 through February 7, 2020. Cases were confirmed by real-time reverse-transcriptase PCR of nasal and pharyngeal swab specimens for SARS-CoV-2 RNA. Blood samples were analyzed for white blood cell count, lymphocyte count, alanine aminotransferase, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, D-dimer, C-reactive protein, and in some cases, immunoglobulins, complement, lymphocyte subsets, and cytokines. Virus RNA was detected in stool samples by real-time PCR. Results Of the 84 patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia, 26 (31%) had diarrhea. The duration of fever and dyspnea in patients with diarrhea was significantly longer than those without diarrhea (all P<.05). Stool samples from a higher proportion of patients with diarrhea tested positive for virus RNA (69%) than from patients without diarrhea (17%) (P<.001). As of February 19, a lower proportion of patients with diarrhea had a negative result from the latest throat swab for SARS-CoV-2 (77%) than patients without diarrhea (97%) (P=.010), during these patients’ hospitalization. Of 76 patients with a negative result from their latest throat swab test during hospitalization, a significantly higher proportion of patients with diarrhea had a positive result from the retest for SARS-CoV-2 in stool (45%) than patients without diarrhea (20%) (P=.039). Conclusions At a single center in Wuhan, China, 31% of patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia had diarrhea. A significantly higher proportion of patients with diarrhea have virus RNA in stool than patients without diarrhea. Elimination of SARS-CoV-2 from stool takes longer than elimination from the nose and throat.
JO  - Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2020.04.030
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1542356520305267
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Doctor Will Call You Now! Telemedicine in the midst of a pandemic
AU  - Ananthakrishnan, Ashwin N.
AU  - Singh, Siddharth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2020.04.031
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1542356520305279
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Analytical performances of a chemiluminescence immunoassay for SARS-CoV-2 IgM/IgG and antibody kinetics
AU  - Padoan, Andrea
AU  - Cosma, Chiara
AU  - Sciacovelli, Laura
AU  - Faggian, Diego
AU  - Plebani, Mario
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background Coronavirus disease 2019, abbreviated to COVID-19, represents an emerging health threat worldwide as, after initial reports in China, it has continued to spread rapidly. The clinical spectrum of the disease varies from mild to severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Moreover, many patients can be asymptomatic, thus increasing the uncertainty of the diagnostic work-up. Laboratory tests play a pivotal role in the diagnosis and management of COVID-19, the current gold standard being real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) on respiratory tract specimens. However, the diagnostic accuracy of rRT-PCR depends on many pre-analytical and analytical variables. The measurement of specific COVID-19 antibodies (both IgG and IgM) should serve as an additional, non-invasive tool for disease detection and management. Methods The imprecision of the MAGLUMI™ 2000 Plus 2019-nCov IgM and IgG assays (Snibe, Shenzhen, China) was assessed by adopting the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) EP15-A3 protocol. Linearity of dilution and recovery was evaluated by means of mixes of high-level pools and low-level pools of serum samples. Immunoglobulin time kinetics were evaluated using a series of serum samples, repeatedly collected from COVID-19-positive patients at different times, from <5 days up to 26-30 days. Results Findings at the analytical validation of the assay carried out according to the CLSI EP15-A3 guideline demonstrated that imprecision and repeatability were acceptable (repeatability was <4% and <6% for IgM and IgG, respectively, whilst intermediate imprecision was <6%). In addition, results of dilution and recovery studies were satisfactory. The kinetics of COVID-19 antibodies confirmed previously reported findings, showing a rapid increase of both IgM and IgG after 6-7 days from the symptom onset. IgG had 100% sensitivity on day 12, whilst 88% was the higher positive rate achieved for IgM after the same time interval. Conclusions The findings of this study demonstrate the validity of the MAGLUMI 2000 Plus CLIA assay for the measurement of specific IgM and IgG in sera of COVID-19 patients, and for obtaining valuable data on the kinetics of both (IgM and IgG) COVID-19 antibodies. These data represent a pre-requisite for the appropriate utilization of specific antibodies for the diagnosis and management of COVID-19 patients.
JO  - Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1515/cclm-2020-0443
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Assessment of immune response to SARS-CoV-2 with fully automated MAGLUMI 2019-nCoV IgG and IgM chemiluminescence immunoassays
AU  - Lippi, Giuseppe
AU  - Salvagno, Gian Luca
AU  - Pegoraro, Manuela
AU  - Militello, Valentina
AU  - Caloi, Cecilia
AU  - Peretti, Angelo
AU  - Gaino, Stefania
AU  - Bassi, Antonella
AU  - Bovo, Chiara
AU  - Lo Cascio, Giuliana
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1515/cclm-2020-0473
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Comparison of throat swabs and sputum specimens for viral nucleic acid detection in 52 cases of novel coronavirus (SARS-Cov-2)-infected pneumonia (COVID-19)
AU  - Lin, Chenyao
AU  - Xiang, Jie
AU  - Yan, Mingzhe
AU  - Li, Hongze
AU  - Huang, Shuang
AU  - Shen, Changxin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objectives In December 2019, a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2)-infected pneumonia (COVID-19) occurred in Wuhan, China. Laboratory-based diagnostic tests utilized real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) on throat samples. This study evaluated the diagnostic value to analyzing throat and sputum samples in order to improve accuracy and detection efficiency. Methods Paired specimens of throat swabs and sputum were obtained from 54 cases, and RNA was extracted and tested for 2019-nCoV (equated with SARS-CoV-2) by the RT-PCR assay. Results The positive rates of 2019-nCoV from sputum specimens and throat swabs were 76.9% and 44.2%, respectively. Sputum specimens showed a significantly higher positive rate than throat swabs in detecting viral nucleic acid using the RT-PCR assay (p = 0.001). Conclusions The detection rates of 2019-nCoV from sputum specimens were significantly higher than those from throat swabs. We suggest that sputum would benefit for the detection of 2019-nCoV in patients who produce sputum. The results can facilitate the selection of specimens and increase the accuracy of diagnosis.
JO  - Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1515/cclm-2020-0187
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical chemistry tests for patients with COVID-19 - important caveats for interpretation
AU  - Kavsak, Peter A.
AU  - de Wit, Kerstin
AU  - Worster, Andrew
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1515/cclm-2020-0436
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coinfection of SARS-CoV-2 and multiple respiratory pathogens in children
AU  - Jiang, Shupeng
AU  - Liu, Panpan
AU  - Xiong, Ge
AU  - Yang, Zhaohui
AU  - Wang, Ming
AU  - Li, Yan
AU  - Yu, Xue-Jie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1515/cclm-2020-0434
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Routine blood tests as a potential diagnostic tool for COVID-19
AU  - Ferrari, Davide
AU  - Motta, Andrea
AU  - Strollo, Marta
AU  - Banfi, Giuseppe
AU  - Locatelli, Massimo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objectives The outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) to date, the epidemic has gradually spread to 209 countries worldwide with more than 1.5 million infected people and 100,000 deaths. Amplification of viral RNA by rRT-PCR serves as the gold standard for confirmation of infection, yet it needs a long turnaround time (3-4 h to generate results) and shows false-negative rates as large as 15%-20%. In addition, the need of certified laboratories, expensive equipment and trained personnel led many countries to limit the rRT-PCR tests only to individuals with pronounced respiratory syndrome symptoms. Thus, there is a need for alternative, less expensive and more accessible tests. Methods We analyzed the plasma levels of white blood cells (WBCs), platelets, C-reactive protein (CRP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) of 207 patients who, after being admitted to the emergency room of the San Raffaele Hospital (Milan, Italy) with COVID-19 symptoms, were rRT-PCR tested. Of them, 105 tested positive, whereas 102 tested negative. Results Statistically significant differences were observed for WBC, CRP, AST, ALT and LDH. Empirical thresholds for AST and LDH allowed the identification of 70% of either COVID-19-positive or -negative patients on the basis of routine blood test results. Conclusions Combining appropriate cutoffs for certain hematological parameters could help in identifying false-positive/negative rRT-PCR tests. Blood test analysis might be used as an alternative to rRT-PCR for identifying COVID-19-positive patients in those countries which suffer from a large shortage of rRT-PCR reagents and/or specialized laboratory.
JO  - Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1515/cclm-2020-0398
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Telemedicine and support groups in order to improve the adherence to treatment and health related quality of life in patients affected by inflammatory skin conditions during COVID-19 emergency
AU  - Marasca, C.
AU  - Ruggiero, A.
AU  - Fontanella, G.
AU  - Ferrillo, M.
AU  - Fabbrocini, G.
AU  - Villani, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We have read with great interest the article by Deepak et al. which reported the measures applied during the COVID-19 emergency in order to answer to the request of consultations. Particularly they described the growing importance that telemedicine is having during this emergency, focusing on the use of mobile technology (particularly the use of WhatsApp) as a method to communicate via text messages, voice messages, photos and videos, which is rapidly expanding within the field of telemedicine.
JO  - Clinical and experimental dermatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/ced.14245
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Screen mirroring, screen casting and screen sharing during COVID-19: What a dermatologist should know
AU  - Jakhar, D.
AU  - Kaur, I.
AU  - Kaul, S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In times of COVID-19, social distancing is an important parameter to contain the spread of novel coronavirus. More than ever, it is important to understand the utility of technology in maintaining connectivity. The wireless connectivity of the devices used in daily routine life (mobile phones, tablets and computers) has changed the way we connect and interact with each other. The same is true in medical field as well. The technological advancement in these devices has brought clinicians closer in ways that has reduced the need for face-to-face meetings. All this has been made possible through streaming of data.
JO  - Clinical and experimental dermatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/ced.14247
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A novel clinical set up for examining healthy dermatology outpatients in time of Covid-19
AU  - Gupta, S.
AU  - Jangra, R. S.
AU  - Gujrathi, A. V.
AU  - Mahendra, A.
AU  - Singla, R.
AU  - Sharma, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The pandemic of COVID-19 has made social distancing necessary as a result, daily outpatient departments (OPD) are at a standstill due to rule imposed by many governing bodies to close all non-essential OPDs.
JO  - Clinical and experimental dermatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/ced.14246
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Secure communication conduits during COVID19 lockdown
AU  - Black, S. M.
AU  - Ali, F. R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We commend Deepak and colleagues in highlighting the virtues of instant messaging tools such as WhatsApp during the COVID-19 crisis(1) . Whilst WhatsApp's advantages include being highly intuitive, widely used and accessible, there are concerns among clinicians about its use, as well as that of other commercially available communications apps. These include the loss of anonymity to patients, the need to reveal their personal telephone number as well questions over privacy and data security.
JO  - Clinical and experimental dermatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/ced.14244
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A case of COVID-19 presenting in clinical picture resembling chilblains disease. First report from the Middle East
AU  - Alramthan, A.
AU  - Aldaraji, W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 disease were identified in a cohort study involving 1099 patients from China. COVID-19 most commonly present with fever, cough, fatigue, and congestion. Two out of 1099 patients were reported to have skin rash, but time of onset and clinical description of rash were missing (Reference B). Another study focused primarily on cutaneous manifestations associated with COVID-19 evaluated 88 patients from Italy. 18 out of the 88 patients developed cutaneous manifestations, but only 8 patients developed skin lesions at onset of disease.
JO  - Clinical and experimental dermatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/ced.14243
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Laboratory data analysis of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) screening in 2510 patients
AU  - Yun, Hu
AU  - Sun, Zhuoran
AU  - Wu, Jun
AU  - Tang, Aiguo
AU  - Hu, Min
AU  - Xiang, Zhongyuan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is highly infectious and requires early detection, isolation, and treatment. We tried to find some useful information by analyzing the covid-19 screening data, so as to provide help for clinical practice. Method We collected nucleic acid and hematology data from 2510 patients for COVID-19 infection for retrospective analysis. Result COVID-19 and influenza A and B infection rates were 1.3%, 3%, and 3%, respectively. COVID-19 nucleic acid was detected in stool but not in tear samples from 8 positive patients. Among the 32 patients with COVID-19, 15 (47%) and 16 (50%) patients showed decreased lymphocyte count and lymphocyte ratio, 21(66%) and 24 (75%) patients showed decreased eosinophil count and eosinophil ratio, and 18 (56%) patients showed increased C-reactive protein. Ten hematological indicators significantly differed in the blood of patients with COVID-19 and those with influenza A and B (P < 0.05). Eighteen hematological indicators significantly differed between patients with COVID-19 and negative patients (P < 0.05). Conclusion The positive rate of influenza A and B infection was higher than that of COVID-19. When pharyngeal swab collection may cause infection, fecal samples can be examined. Evaluation of pharyngeal swab and fecal samples can improve the positive rate of nucleic acid detection.The COVID-19 can cause some hematological indices changes.
JO  - Clinica Chimica Acta
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cca.2020.04.018
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S000989812030173X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Journal in a Plague Year
AU  - Brimblecombe, Peter
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - City and Environment Interactions
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 100028-100028
SP  - 100028
EP  - 100028
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cacint.2020.100028
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S259025202030009X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - DRAMÁTICO IMPACTO DE LA EPIDEMIA DE COVID-19 SOBRE LA ACTIVIDAD DE DONACIÓN Y TRASPLANTE EN ESPAÑA
AU  - Domínguez-Gil, Beatriz
AU  - Coll, Elisabeth
AU  - Ferrer-Fàbrega, Joana
AU  - Briceño, Javier
AU  - Ríos, Antonio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Cirugía Española
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ciresp.2020.04.012
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0009739X20301354
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - CIRUGÍA DE LA PARED ABDOMINAL DESPUÉS DEL SARS-COV-2: ¿ES HORA DE RESTABLECER LOS PROCEDIMIENTOS NO ESENCIALES POSPUESTOS?
AU  - Cano, Manuel López
AU  - Serra, Judit Saludes
AU  - Jiménez, Daniel Rosselló
AU  - Antonio Pereira, José
AU  - Gonçalves, Victor Rodrigues
AU  - Alamino, Josep M. García
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Resumen La pandemia por el COVID-19 nos ha encontrado desprotegidos ante la dificultad para dar una respuesta sanitaria adecuada y rápida. La red de hospitales del sistema sanitario público ha dispuesto la mayoría de los recursos para el tratamiento de los pacientes afectos por la infección. Las cirugías no esenciales (no prioritarias) han sido aplazadas. El reinicio optimo y proporcionado de estas cirugías no prioritarias puede representar un problema. En el presente artículo se ofrece una perspectiva técnica y no técnica del reinicio de las cirugías no prioritarias desde la óptica de la cirugía de la pared abdominal. Pandemic by the COVID-19 has found us unprotected to provide an adequate and rapid sanitary response. The hospital network of our public health system has provided most of the resources for the treatment of patients affected by the infection. Non-essential (non-priority) surgeries have been postponed. The optimal and proportionate reestablishment of these non-priority surgeries can be a problem. This article offers a technical and non-technical view of reestablishment non-priority surgeries from the perspective of abdominal wall surgery.
JO  - Cirugía Española
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ciresp.2020.04.011
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0009739X20301342
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Association of Inpatient Use of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers with Mortality Among Patients With Hypertension Hospitalized With COVID-19
AU  - Zhang, Peng
AU  - Zhu, LiHua
AU  - Cai, Jingjing
AU  - Lei, Fang
AU  - Qin, Juan-Juan
AU  - Xie, Jing
AU  - Liu, Ye-Mao
AU  - Zhao, Yan-Ci
AU  - Huang, Xuewei
AU  - Lin, Lijin
AU  - Xia, Meng
AU  - Chen, Ming-Ming
AU  - Cheng, Xu
AU  - Zhang, Xiao
AU  - Guo, Deliang
AU  - Peng, Yuanyuan
AU  - Ji, Yan-Xiao
AU  - Chen, Jing
AU  - She, Zhi-Gang
AU  - Wang, Yibin
AU  - Xu, Qingbo
AU  - Tan, Renfu
AU  - Wang, Haitao
AU  - Lin, Jun
AU  - Luo, Pengcheng
AU  - Fu, Shouzhi
AU  - Cai, Hongbin
AU  - Ye, Ping
AU  - Xiao, Bing
AU  - Mao, Weiming
AU  - Liu, Liming
AU  - Yan, Youqin
AU  - Liu, Mingyu
AU  - Chen, Manhua
AU  - Zhang, Xiao-Jing
AU  - Wang, Xinghuan
AU  - Touyz, Rhian M.
AU  - Xia, Jiahong
AU  - Zhang, Bing-Hong
AU  - Huang, Xiaodong
AU  - Yuan, Yufeng
AU  - Rohit, Loomba
AU  - Liu, Peter P.
AU  - Li, Hongliang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Rationale: Use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) is a major concern for clinicians treating coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in patients with hypertension. Objective: To determine the association between in-hospital use of ACEI/ARB and all-cause mortality in COVID-19 patients with hypertension. Methods and Results: This retrospective, multi-center study included 1128 adult patients with hypertension diagnosed with COVID-19, including 188 taking ACEI/ARB (ACEI/ARB group; median age 64 [IQR 55-68] years; 53.2% men) and 940 without using ACEI/ARB (non-ACEI/ARB group; median age 64 [IQR 57-69]; 53.5% men), who were admitted to nine hospitals in Hubei Province, China from December 31, 2019 to February 20, 2020. Unadjusted mortality rate was lower in the ACEI/ARB group versus the non-ACEI/ARB group (3.7% vs. 9.8%; P = 0.01). In mixed-effect Cox model treating site as a random effect, after adjusting for age, gender, comorbidities, and in-hospital medications, the detected risk for all-cause mortality was lower in the ACEI/ARB group versus the non-ACEI/ARB group (adjusted HR, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.19-0.92; P =0.03). In a propensity score-matched analysis followed by adjusting imbalanced variables in mixed-effect Cox model, the results consistently demonstrated lower risk of COVID-19 mortality in patients who received ACEI/ARB versus those who did not receive ACEI/ARB (adjusted HR, 0.37; 95% CI, 0.15-0.89; P = 0.03). Further subgroup propensity score-matched analysis indicated that, compared to use of other antihypertensive drugs, ACEI/ARB was also associated with decreased mortality (adjusted HR, 0.30; 95%CI, 0.12-0.70; P = 0.01) in COVID-19 patients with hypertension. Conclusions: Among hospitalized COVID-19 patients with hypertension, inpatient use of ACEI/ARB was associated with lower risk of all-cause mortality compared with ACEI/ARB non-users. While study interpretation needs to consider the potential for residual confounders, it is unlikely that in-hospital use of ACEI/ARB was associated with an increased mortality risk.
JO  - Circulation research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.120.317134
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - ACEing COVID-19: A Role For Angiotensin Axis Inhibition in SARS-CoV-2 infection?
AU  - Shah, Ravi
AU  - Murthy, Venkatesh L.
AU  - Koupenova, Milka
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Circulation research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.120.317174
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Identification of Potential Binders of the Main Protease 3CLpro of the COVID-19 via Structure-Based Ligand Design and Molecular Modeling
AU  - Macchiagodena, Marina
AU  - Pagliai, Marco
AU  - Procacci, Piero
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We have applied a computational strategy, using a combination of virtual screening, docking and molecular dynamics techniques, aimed at identifying possible lead compounds for the non-covalent inhibition of the main protease 3CLpro of the SARS-CoV2 Coronavirus. Based on the X-ray structure (PDB code: 6LU7), ligands were generated using a multimodal structure-based design and then docked to the monomer in the active state. Docking calculations show that ligand-binding is strikingly similar in SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV2 main proteases. The most potent docked ligands are found to share a common binding pattern with aromatic moieties connected by rotatable bonds in a pseudo-linear arrangement.
JO  - Chemical Physics Letters
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 137489-137489
SP  - 137489
EP  - 137489
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cplett.2020.137489
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0009261420304048
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Efficacy and safety of lopinavir/ritonavir or arbidol in adult patients with mild/moderate COVID-19: an exploratory randomized controlled trial
AU  - Yueping Li, Zhiwei Xie Weiyin Lin Weiping Cai Chunyan Wen Yujuan Guan Xiaoneng Mo Jian Wang Yaping Wang Ping Peng Xudan Chen Wenxin Hong Guangming Xiao Jinxin Liu Lieguang Zhang Fengyu Hu Feng Li Fuchun Zhang Xilong Deng Linghua Li
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background: Antiviral therapies against the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, which has caused a global pandemic of respiratory illness called COVID-19, are still lacking. Methods: Our study (NCT04252885, named ELACOI), was an exploratory randomized (2:2:1) controlled trial assessing the efficacy and safety of lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) or arbidol monotherapy for treating patients with mild/moderate COVID-19. Findings: This study successfully enrolled 86 patients with mild/moderate COVID-19 with 34 randomly assigned to receive LPV/r, 35 to arbidol and 17 with no antiviral medication as control. Baseline characteristics of the three groups were comparable. The primary endpoint, the rate of positive-to-negative conversion of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid, was similar between groups (all P>0.05). There were no differences between groups in the secondary endpoints, the rates of antipyresis, cough alleviation, or improvement of chest CT at days 7 or 14 (all P>0.05). At day 7, eight (23.5%) patients in the LPV/r group, 3 (8.6%) in the arbidol group and 2(11.8%) in the control group showed a deterioration in clinical status from moderate to severe/critical (P =0.206). Overall, 12 (35.3%) patients in the LPV/r group and 5 (14.3%) in the arbidol group experienced adverse events during the follow-up period. No apparent 4 4 adverse event occurred in the control group. Conclusions: LPV/r or arbidol monotherapy present little benefit for improving the clinical outcome of patients hospitalized with mild/moderate COVID-19 over supportive care. Funding: This study was supported by project 2018ZX10302103-002, 2017ZX10202102-003-004 and Infectious Disease Specialty of Guangzhou High-level Clinical Key Specialty (2019-2021).
JO  - Cell Press
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.medj.2020.04.001
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Imbalanced host response to SARS-CoV-2 drives development of COVID-19
AU  - Daniel Blanco-Melo, Benjamin E. Nilsson-Payant Wen-Chun Liu Skyler Uhl Daisy Hoagland Rasmus Møller Tristan X. Jordan Kohei Oishi Maryline Panis David Sachs Taia T. Wang Robert E. Schwartz Jean K. Lim Randy A. Albrecht Benjamin R. tenOever
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Viral pandemics, such as the one caused by SARS-CoV-2, pose an imminent threat to humanity. Because of its recent emergence, there is a paucity of information regarding viral behavior and host response following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Here, we offer an indepth analysis of the transcriptional response to SARS-CoV-2 as it compares to other respiratory viruses. Cell and animal models of SARS-CoV-2 infections, in addition to transcriptional and serum profiling of COVID-19 patients, consistently revealed a unique and inappropriate inflammatory response. This response is defined by low levels of Type I and III interferons juxtaposed to elevated chemokines and high expression of IL6. Taken together, we propose that reduced innate antiviral defenses coupled with exuberant inflammatory cytokine production are the defining and driving feature of COVID-19.
JO  - Cell Press
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.cell.2020.04.026
UR  - 
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Binding of SARS-CoV-2 and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2: clinical implications
AU  - Murray, Eleanor
AU  - Tomaszewski, Maciej
AU  - Guzik, Tomasz J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Cardiovascular Research
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1093/cvr/cvaa096
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/cardiovascres/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cvr/cvaa096/5821240
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pathophysiological Characteristics and Therapeutic Approaches for Pulmonary Injury and Cardiovascular Complications of Coronavirus Disease 2019
AU  - Geng, Yong-Jian
AU  - Wei, Zhi-Yao
AU  - Qian, Hai-Yan
AU  - Huang, Ji
AU  - Lodato, Robert
AU  - Castriotta, Richard J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has emerged as a major health crisis, with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) having infected over a million people around the world within a few months of its identification as a human pathogen. Initially, SARS-CoV-2 infects cells in the respiratory system and causes inflammation and cell death. Subsequently, the virus spreads out and damages other vital organs and tissues, triggering a complicated spectrum of pathophysiological changes and symptoms, including cardiovascular complications. Acting as the receptor for SARS-CoV entering mammalian cells, angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) plays a pivotal role in the regulation of cardiovascular cell function. Diverse clinical manifestations and laboratory abnormalities occur in patients with cardiovascular injury in COVID-19, characterizing the development of this complication, as well as providing clues to diagnosis and treatment. This review provides a summary of the rapidly appearing laboratory and clinical evidence for the pathophysiology and therapeutic approaches to COVID-19 pulmonary and cardiovascular complications.
JO  - Cardiovascular Pathology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 107228-107228
SP  - 107228
EP  - 107228
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carpath.2020.107228
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1054880720300326
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Organisation d’un service de radiothérapie pendant l’épidémie de COVID-19 : expérience du centre hospitalier de Mulhouse
AU  - Ohnleiter, Thomas
AU  - Piot, Luc
AU  - Rogenmuser, Agathe
AU  - Noirclerc, Monique
AU  - Hamlaoui, Rabah
AU  - Grandgirard, Alain
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Résumé L’épidémie de COVID-19 continue de croître de manière exponentielle dans notre pays. Si la majorité des formes sont bénignes, les patients atteints de cancer sont à risque de voir se développer une forme grave de la maladie. Les services de radiothérapie sont un lieu à potentiel de contamination en raison du nombre de patients traités et de personnels présent. Leur organisation pendant la période épidémique vise à assurer la continuité des soins tout en limitant le risque de décès dû à une contamination par le SARS-CoV-2 (virus responsable de la COVID-19). Dans le service de radiothérapie du groupe hospitalier de la région de Mulhouse et Sud-Alsace, cette organisation s’articule en cinq points : la protection des personnels médicaux et paramédicaux, la protection des patients en cours de traitement, la détection des patients suspects d’être atteints de COVID-19 et leur prise en charge, la réorganisation du circuit patient et les mesures concernant l’organisation du système qualité du service. Nos pistes de réflexion, débutée dès le début de l’épidémie dans notre département, nous permettent de préserver au maximum l’accès aux soins radiothérapiques en anticipant le risque de diffusion du virus. Grâce à des réunions bihebdomadaires, nous continuons à nous adapter à l’évolution épidémique dans notre service, en tenant compte de nos moyens matériels. La possibilité de réaliser des tests de diagnostic chez tous les patients suspects nous permettrait également d’affiner nos procédures. Summary The COVID-19 outbreak grows exponentially in our country. Despite most of patients develops benign symptoms, cancer patients are at risk of a severe form of the disease. Radiotherapy centres are a potential contamination place due to the number of patients treated and staff present. Their organization during the outbreak period aims to ensure continuity of care while limiting the risk of death from COVID-19. In the radiotherapy department of Mulhouse hospital (France), we pointed five points out: protection of medical and paramedical staff, protection of patients undergoing treatment, detection of patients suspected of being infected by SARS-CoV-2 and their management, reorganization of the patient circuit and measures regarding the quality management. This reflection, which began at the beginning of the outbreak in our city, allows us to preserve the access to radiotherapy treatments by anticipating the risk of spreading the virus. Through biweekly meetings, we continue to adapt to the epidemic in our department, considering our material resources. The ability to perform diagnostic tests in all suspect patients would also allow us to refine our procedures.
JO  - Cancer/Radiothérapie
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.canrad.2020.04.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1278321820300974
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Harnessing CAR T Cell Insights to Develop Treatments for Hyperinflammatory Responses in COVID-19 patients
AU  - Agarwal, Sangya
AU  - June, Carl H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Cytokine release and macrophage activation contribute to immunopathology after SARS-CoV-2 infection. We discuss approaches to decrease the morbidity and mortality in patients with of COVID-19.
JO  - Cancer discovery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1158/2159-8290.CD-20-0473
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Management and Treatment of COVID-19: The Chinese Experience
AU  - Peng, Fujun
AU  - Tu, Lei
AU  - Yang, Yongshi
AU  - Hu, Peng
AU  - Wang, Runsheng
AU  - Hu, Qinyong
AU  - Cao, Feng
AU  - Jiang, Taijiao
AU  - Sun, Jinlyu
AU  - Xu, Guogang
AU  - Chang, Christopher
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - With over 1,800,000 cases and 110,000 deaths globally, COVID-19 is one of worst infectious disease outbreaks in history. The objective of this paper is to critically review the available evidence regarding the lessons learned from the Chinese experience regarding COVID-19 prevention and management. The steps that have led to a near disappearance of new cases in China included rapid sequencing of the virus to establish testing kits which allowed tracking of infected persons in and out of Wuhan. In addition, aggressive quarantine measures included the complete isolation of Wuhan and then later Hebei and the rest of the country, as well as closure of all schools and non-essential businesses. Other measures included the rapid construction of two new hospitals and the establishment of Fangcang shelter hospitals. In the absence of a vaccine, the management of COVID-19 included antivirals, high flow oxygen, mechanical ventilation, corticosteroids, hydroxychloroquine, tocilizumab, interferons, intravenous immunoglobulin and convalescent plasma infusions. These measures appeared to provide only moderate success. While some measures have been supported by weak descriptive data, their effectiveness is still unclear pending well-controlled clinical trials. In the end, it was the enforcement of drastic quarantine measures that stopped SARS-CoV-2 from spreading. The earlier the implementation, the less likely resources will be depleted. The most critical factors in stopping a pandemic are early recognition of infected individuals, carriers and contacts, and early implementation of quarantine measures with an organized, proactive and unified strategy at a national level. Delays result in significantly higher death tolls.
JO  - Canadian Journal of Cardiology
PB  - 
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AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cjca.2020.04.010
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0828282X20303950
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - An In-hospital Pathway for Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients During the COVID-19 Outbreak: Initial Experience under Real-world Suboptimal Conditions
AU  - Cosentino, Nicola
AU  - Assanelli, Emilio
AU  - Merlino, Luca
AU  - Mazza, Mario
AU  - Bartorelli, Antonio L.
AU  - Marenzi, Giancarlo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Unstructured Abstract In Lombardy (Italy), due to the COVID-19 outbreak, there is an urgent need to manage cardiovascular emergencies, including acute coronary syndrome (ACS), with appropriate standards of care and dedicated preventive measures and pathways against the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. For this reason, the Government of Lombardy decided to centralize the treatment of ACS patients in a limited number of centers, including our University Cardiology Institute that in the last four weeks became a cardiovascular emergency referral center in a regional hub and spoke system. Thus, we rapidly developed a customized pathway in order to allocate patients to the appropriate hospital ward, and treat them according to the ACS severity and the risk of suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection. We present here a protocol dedicated to ACS patients adopted in our center since March 13th 2020 and our initial experience in the management of ACS patients during the first four weeks of its use. Certainly, the protocol has room for further improvement as everyone's experience grows, but we hope that it could be a starting point, adaptable to different realities and local resources.
JO  - Canadian Journal of Cardiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cjca.2020.04.011
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0828282X20303962
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Social distancing: implications for the operating room in the face of COVID-19 TT - Implications de la distanciation sociale en salle doperation face a la COVID-19
AU  - Prin, Meghan
AU  - Bartels, Karsten
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12630-020-01651-2
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Information-rich wheat markets in the early days of COVID-19
AU  - Vercammen, James
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract This paper uses the information implicit in commodity futures and options prices to infer market beliefs about the impact of early-stages COVID-19 on commodity market fundamentals. The particular commodity examined is soft red winter (SRW) wheat, and the timeframe is early February to late March 2020. The analysis highlights various adjustments in the cash and futures price of SRW wheat in light of surging short-run demand from consumer hoarding of staple food products, and a weakening long-run market from growing wheat stocks and an emerging global recession. This split is causing the forward curve to flatten and basis levels to invert. The change over time in the price of options on wheat futures reveals increased price volatility in response to growing uncertainty about the COVID-19 impacts. Similarly, changes in the skewness of the option's volatility smile illustrates a shift in traders? perception about risk in the right versus left tail of the price distribution. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
JO  - Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/cjag.12229
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/cjag.12229
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and the Canadian cattle/beef sector: Some preliminary analysis
AU  - Rude, James
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Canada's cattle/beef sector has already weathered a shock after a 2003 case of BSE resulted in closed borders and industry restructuring. Now the sector has to adjust to similar shocks due to COVID-19. This paper examines the supply chain from the consumer up to the cow-calf producer by considering consumer reactions, labour market constraints, and supply response. A quarterly market model of North American cattle and beef markets is used to examine price and revenue impacts associated with the market disruptions. Depending on the scenario, there is considerable price and revenue suppression at all levels of the market. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
JO  - Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/cjag.12228
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/cjag.12228
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 impact on fruit and vegetable markets
AU  - Richards, Timothy J.
AU  - Rickard, Bradley
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Canadian fruit and vegetable markets were significantly impacted by the spread of the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (and COVID-19 disease), beginning in March 2020. Due to the closure of restaurants, bars, and schools, produce growers and distributors were forced to shift supplies almost entirely from the foodservice to the retail channel. Shippers reported labor and logistical constraints in making the change, but the fresh produce supply chain remained robust. In the long term, we expect lasting changes in consumers? online food-purchasing habits, heightened constraints on immigrant labor markets, and tighter concentration in fresh produce distribution and perhaps retailing. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
JO  - Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/cjag.12231
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/cjag.12231
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The COVID-19 pandemic and agriculture – Short and long run implications for international trade relations
AU  - Kerr, William A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has put unprecedented strain on food supply chains. Given the ever-increasing degree of globalization, those supply chains very often stretch across international borders. In the short run, countries have largely been working to keep those supply chains intact and operating efficiently so that panic buying is cooled and shifts in consumption habits arising from personal isolation can be accommodated. Once the crisis has passed, based on what has been learned regarding the international food system's resilience, governments may wish to strengthen institutions that govern international trade. On the other hand, based on their COVID-19 experience, governments may feel that they are too dependent on foreign sources of supply and may wish to reverse the impacts of globalization on their food systems. As a result, they may become increasingly isolationist, eschewing international cooperation. Which of these opposing forces will prevail may depend on the paths economies follow after the disequilibrium precipitated by the pandemic. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
JO  - Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/cjag.12230
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/cjag.12230
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Food security and Canada's agricultural system challenged by COVID-19
AU  - Deaton, B. James
AU  - Deaton, Brady J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract The effect of COVID-19 on Canadian food security is examined from two different perspectives. COVID-19 creates a unique ?income shock? that is expected to increase the prevalence of household food insecurity. This food insecurity can be measured by utilizing the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS). More fundamentally, COVID-19 heightens household concern about the capacity of the Canadian food system to ensure food availability. Despite surges in demand and supply chain disruptions, we currently do not observe broad, rapid appreciation in food prices. This suggests that there is an adequate supply of food for the near term. There is less certainty over intermediate and longer time periods because so many factors are in flux, particularly the rate of increases in sicknesses and deaths across the country and globally. Data on these health factors and elements of the food supply chain are needed to predict beyond a short time frame. In this regard, we discuss three ongoing considerations ? ease of capital flows, international exchange, and maintaining transportation ? that will help ensure food availability in the longer run.
JO  - Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/cjag.12227
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/cjag.12227
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - L’usage récréatif du cannabis: des effets aux méfaits Données épidémiologiques*
AU  - Goullé, Jean-Pierre
AU  - Guerbet, Michel
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - RÉSUMÉ À l’heure où l’usage médical de la plante « cannabis dit thérapeutique » est pratiquement acté dans notre pays, l’ouverture à son usage récréatif constitue la suite logique, à l’image de la chronologie toujours suivie dans tous les pays. En effet, ceux qui ont légalisé la drogue - le végétal - ont auparavant approuvé son emploi en thérapeutique, étape de « justification » qui semble incontournable. Il nous a donc paru opportun de rappeler les effets et les méfaits de la drogue dans le cadre de son usage récréatif. Les enquêtes en population générale réalisées en France depuis 25 ans par Santé publique France et l’Observatoire français des drogues et toxicomanies, permettent de suivre l’évolution de la consommation de substances psychoactives. Une attention toute particulière est portée aux usages de cannabis qui, dans un contexte de large diffusion depuis un quart de siècle n’ont cessé de progresser parmi les jeunes générations, mais également parmi les adultes plus âgés. La France est le pays européen dont la prévalence de consommation de cannabis est la plus élevée chez les jeunes et les adultes. En 25 ans, sa diffusion n’a cessé de s’étendre et le taux d’expérimentation a été pratiquement multiplié par 4. Estimé à 12,7 % en 1992, il atteint 44,8 % en 2017. De surcroît, en 2017, ce sont 25 % des usagers dans l’année de 18 à 64 ans qui présentent un risque élevé d’usage problématique ou de dépendance. Ce chiffre est inquiétant car il est en progression constante, il affecte 3 % des 18-64 ans, soit un peu plus d’un million de personnes. SUMMARY As the medical use of so called “therapeutic cannabis" is in the process of being approved in France, the opening to its recreational use is the next logical step, as it has been always the chronology followed in all countries. Indeed, those who have legalized the drug have previously approved its therapeutic use. This 'justifying a project phase' stage seems unavoidable. Therefore, it is appropriate to recall the effects and misdeeds of the drug during its recreational use. The general population surveys carried out in France for 25 years by public health France and the French Observatory of Drugs and Drug Addiction, have followed the evolution of psychoactive substances consumption. Particular attention was focused on cannabis use, which, in a context of wide dissemination for a quarter of a century, rose steadily higher among younger generations, but also among older adults. France is the European country with the highest prevalence of cannabis use among young people and adults. Last 25 years, its diffusion has continued to expand, and the experimentation rate multiplied by near 4. Estimated at 12.7% in 1992, it reached 44.8% in 2017. Moreover, 25% of users in the year aged from 18 to 64 years old were at high risk of problematic use or dependence in 2017. This figure is worrying because it is constantly increasing; it affects 3% of 18-64-year-old, just over a million people.
JO  - Bulletin de l'Académie Nationale de Médecine
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AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.banm.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0001407920301710
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Return of ancestral fears with coronavirus, Covid-19 TT - Retour des peurs ancestrales avec le coronavirus, Covid-19
AU  - Battin, Jacques
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Bulletin de l'Academie nationale de medecine
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1016/j.banm.2020.04.007
UR  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Athletes as community; athletes in community: covid-19, sporting mega-events and athlete health protection
AU  - Mann, Robert H.
AU  - Clift, Bryan C.
AU  - Boykoff, Jules
AU  - Bekker, Sheree
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - British journal of sports medicine
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bjsports-2020-102433
UR  - 
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - The role of the Head and Neck cancer-specific Patient Concerns Inventory (PCI-HN) in telephone consultations during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Kanatas, A.
AU  - Rogers, S. N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjoms.2020.04.010
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0266435620301601
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Changes in Blood Coagulation in Patients with Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): a Meta-Analysis
AU  - Xiong, Mi
AU  - Liang, Xue
AU  - Wei, You-Dong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is widely spread and poses a critical threat to global health (Zhang et al). Prominent changes in coagulation function in severe patients of COVID-19 have been reported in a recent study (Han, et al 2020). Therefore, we conducted this quantitative meta-analysis to explore the difference in blood coagulation parameters between severe and mild cases of COVID-19.
JO  - British journal of haematology
PB  - 
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EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/bjh.16725
UR  - 
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Thromboembolic risk and anticoagulant therapy in COVID-19 patients: Emerging evidence and call for action
AU  - Kollias, Anastasios
AU  - Kyriakoulis, Konstantinos G.
AU  - Dimakakos, Evangelos
AU  - Poulakou, Garyphallia
AU  - Stergiou, George S.
AU  - Syrigos, Konstantinos
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Emerging evidence shows that severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can be complicated with coagulopathy namely disseminated intravascular coagulation, which has a rather pro-thrombotic character with high risk of venous thromboembolism. The incidence of venous thromboembolism among COVID-19 patients in Intensive Care Unit appears to be somewhat higher compared to that reported in other studies including such patients with other disease conditions. D-dimer might help in early recognition of these high-risk patients and also predict outcome. Preliminary data show that in patients with severe COVID-19, anticoagulant therapy appears to be associated with lower mortality in the subpopulation meeting sepsis-induced coagulopathy criteria or with markedly elevated d-dimer. Recent recommendations suggest that all hospitalized COVID-19 patients should receive thromboprophylaxis, or full therapeutic-intensity anticoagulation if such an indication is present.
JO  - British journal of haematology
PB  - 
CY  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/bjh.16727
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Phototherapeutic approach to dermatological patients during the 2019 Coronavirus pandemic: Real-life Data from the Italian Red Zone
AU  - Pacifico, A.
AU  - Ardigò, M.
AU  - Frascione, P.
AU  - Damiani, G.
AU  - Morrone, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since the novel Coronavirus 2019, also known as COVID-19 or SARS CoV-2, crossed the Chinese borders and became pandemic, Italy has rapidly become the country with the highest number of patient deaths as well as confirmed and/or hospitalized patients, after China [1-2]. On March 12(th) Italy was declared a red-zone and special protocols were enacted to limit the spread of the virus. Although COVID-19 does not have epidermotropism, cutaneous manifestations in Cov-19 positive patients have been reported [3] and departments of dermatology are considered at high risk [4] and were ordered to admit only patients needing urgent treatments or undergoing chronic immunosuppressive therapy in order to minimize nosocomial virus spread.
JO  - The British journal of dermatology
PB  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/bjd.19145
UR  - 
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Dosing will be a key success factor in repurposing antivirals for COVID-19
AU  - Smith, Patrick F.
AU  - Dodds, Michael
AU  - Bentley, Darren
AU  - Yeo, Karen
AU  - Rayner, Craig
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - British journal of clinical pharmacology
PB  - 
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IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/bcp.14314
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - Caring for our cancer patients in the wake of COVID-19
AU  - El-Shakankery, Karim Hussien
AU  - Kefas, Joanna
AU  - Crusz, Shanthini Mary
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In response to our current global pandemic, unprecedented healthcare changes may have significant consequences for cancer patients in the United Kingdom. We explore why cancer patients may be more susceptible to severe infection and complications, highlighting various interventions that may help to ensure continuity of care in this unique cohort.
JO  - British journal of cancer
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
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SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41416-020-0843-5
UR  - 
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 patients with respiratory failure: what can we learn from aviation medicine?
AU  - Ottestad, William
AU  - Søvik, Signe
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - British Journal of Anaesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bja.2020.04.012
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0007091220302269
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clarifying appropriate personal protective equipment for obstetric anaesthetists amongst controversy and confusion in COVID-19
AU  - Lucas, Nuala
AU  - Bampoe, Sohail
AU  - Odor, Peter M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - British Journal of Anaesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bja.2020.04.016
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0007091220302300
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: a meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy of commercial assays registered in Brazil
AU  - Castro, Rodolfo
AU  - Luz, Paula M.
AU  - Wakimoto, Mayumi D.
AU  - Veloso, Valdilea G.
AU  - Grinsztejn, Beatriz
AU  - Perazzo, Hugo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The accuracy of commercially available tests for COVID-19 in Brazil remains unclear. We aimed to perform a meta-analysis to describe the accuracy of available tests to detect COVID-19 in Brazil. We searched at the Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency (ANVISA) online platform to describe the pooled sensitivity (Se), specificity (Sp), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) and summary receiver operating characteristic curves (SROC) for detection of IgM/IgG antibodies and for tests using naso/oropharyngeal swabs in the random-effects models. We identified 16 tests registered, mostly rapid-tests. Pooled diagnostic accuracy measures [95%CI] were: (i) for IgM antibodies Se=82% [76-87]; Sp=97% [96-98]; DOR=168 [92-305] and SROC=0.98 [0.96-0.99]; (ii) for IgG antibodies Se=97% [90-99]; Sp=98% [97-99]; DOR=1994 [385-10334] and SROC=0.99 [0.98-1.00]; and (iii) for detection of SARS-CoV-2 by antigen or molecular assays in naso/oropharyngeal swabs Se=97% [85-99]; Sp=99% [77-100]; DOR=2649 [30-233056] and SROC=0.99 [0.98-1.00]. These tests can be helpful for emergency testing during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. However, it is important to highlight the high rate of false negative results from tests which detect SARS-CoV-2 IgM antibodies in the initial course of the disease and the scarce evidence-based validation results published in Brazil. Future studies addressing the diagnostic performance of tests for COVID-19 in the Brazilian population are urgently needed.
JO  - The Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases
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DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjid.2020.04.003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1413867020300295
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N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - The immediate mental health impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic among people with or without quarantine managements
AU  - Zhu, Shen
AU  - Wu, Yue
AU  - Zhu, Chun-yan
AU  - Hong, Wan-chu
AU  - Yu, Zhi-xi
AU  - Chen, Zhi-ke
AU  - Chen, Zhen-lei
AU  - Jiang, De-guo
AU  - Wang, Yong-guang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Brain, Behavior, and Immunity
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.045
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0889159120306012
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Nervous system damage after COVID-19 infection: presence or absence?
AU  - Wu, Yeshun
AU  - Xu, Xiaolin
AU  - Yang, Ling
AU  - Liu, Cunming
AU  - Yang, Chun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Brain, Behavior, and Immunity
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.043
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0889159120305961
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Second Worldwide Wave of Interest in Coronavirus since the COVID-19 Outbreaks in South Korea, Italy and Iran: A Google Trends Study
AU  - Strzelecki, Artur
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Brain, Behavior, and Immunity
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.042
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0889159120305511
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The immunological case for staying active during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Simpson, Richard J.
AU  - Katsanis, Emmanuel
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Brain, Behavior, and Immunity
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.041
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0889159120305730
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Meningoencephalitis without Respiratory Failure in a Young Female Patient with COVID-19 Infection in Downtown Los Angeles, Early April 2020
AU  - Duong, Lisa
AU  - Xu, Prissilla
AU  - Liu, Antonio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Brain, Behavior, and Immunity
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.024
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0889159120305092
NS  - 
N1  - 
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TY  - JOUR
TI  - The impact of nutrition on COVID-19 susceptibility and long-term consequences
AU  - Butler, Michael J.
AU  - Barrientos, Ruth M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - While all groups are affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, the elderly, underrepresented minorities, and those with underlying medical conditions are at the greatest risk. The high rate of consumption of diets high in saturated fats, sugars, and refined carbohydrates (collectively called Western diet, WD) worldwide, contribute to the prevalence of obesity and type II diabetes, and could place these populations at an increased risk for severe COVID-19 pathology and mortality. WD consumption activates the innate immune system and impairs adaptive immunity, leading to chronic inflammation and impaired host defense against viruses. Furthermore, peripheral inflammation caused by COVID-19 may have long-term consequences in those that recover, leading to chronic medical conditions such as dementia and neurodegenerative disease, likely through neuroinflammatory mechanisms that can be compounded by an unhealthy diet. Thus, now more than ever, wider access to healthy foods should be a top priority and individuals should be mindful of healthy eating habits to reduce susceptibility to and long-term complications from COVID-19.
JO  - Brain, Behavior, and Immunity
PB  - 
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EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.040
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0889159120305377
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Medically unexplained symptoms in the times of Covid-19 pandemic: a case-report
AU  - Colizzi, Marco
AU  - Bortoletto, Riccardo
AU  - Silvestri, Marta
AU  - Mondini, Federica
AU  - Puttini, Elena
AU  - Cainelli, Chiara
AU  - Gaudino, Rossella
AU  - Ruggeri, Mirella
AU  - Zoccante, Leonardo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In early 2020, a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) leading to a potentially fatal condition was discovered. Since then, the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has spread worldwide becoming a pandemic. Beyond the risks strictly related to the infection, concerns have been expressed for the psychological impact that COVID-19 may have, especially on vulnerable individuals with pre-existing mental health conditions. Somatic symptom disorder (SSD) is characterized by a dysfunctional preoccupation with physical symptoms leading to excessive and unnecessary healthcare utilization. Despite being quite common, such condition remains underrecognized. We report a detailed clinical case of a 16 years old adolescent, who presented with a history suggestive of COVID-19 infection and associated psychological distress. Despite testing negative for the presence of SARS-CoV-2, his extreme and persisting health preoccupations required an inpatient admission to the Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatric Unit. He responded rapidly to a low dose of antipsychotic and an antidepressant. Based on his medical history and current presentation, he received a diagnosis of SSD. When COVID-19-like symptoms occur, we highlight the importance of differentially diagnosing a possible exacerbation of a pre-existing SSD, triggered by fear of being infected. This may help preventing further burden to the healthcare system.
JO  - Brain, Behavior, & Immunity - Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 100073-100073
SP  - 100073
EP  - 100073
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbih.2020.100073
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666354620300387
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mission command: applying principles of military leadership to the SARS-Cov-2 (covid-19) crisis
AU  - Pearce, A. Phill
AU  - Naumann, D. N.
AU  - O'Reilly, D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BMJ military health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmjmilitary-2020-001485
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Case series of coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) in a military recruit school: clinical, sanitary and logistical implications
AU  - Baettig, Sascha J.
AU  - Parini, A.
AU  - Cardona, I.
AU  - Morand, G. B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - INTRODUCTION: A new coronavirus, called Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-CoronaVirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has emerged from China in late 2019 and has now caused a worldwide pandemic. The impact of covid-19 has not been described so far in a military setting. We therefore report a case series of infected patients in a recruit school in Switzerland and the herein associated challenges. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective review of covid-19 cases among Swiss Armed Forces recruits in the early weeks of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in the canton of Ticino, the southernmost canton of Switzerland. Positive cases were defined with two positive PCR testing for SARS-CoV-2 from nasopharyngeal swabs. Serological testing was performed with a commercially available kit according to manufacturers' instructions. RESULTS: The first case was likely contaminated while skiing during weekend permission. He became symptomatic 4 days later, tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 and was put into isolation. He showed complete symptom resolution after 48 hours. Quarantine was ordered for all recruits with close contact in the past 2 days, a total of 55 persons out of 140 in the company. Seven out of nine recruits in one particular quarantine room became mildly symptomatic. SARS-CoV-2 PCR was positive in one of them. Seven days after initial diagnosis, the index patient and the other one from the quarantine retested positive for SARS-CoV-2, although they had been completely asymptomatic for over 96 hours. Serological testing revealed positive for both patients. All others showed negative IgM and IgG. CONCLUSIONS: Young healthy recruits often showed a mild course of covid-19 with rapid symptom decline but were persistent SARS-CoV-2 carriers. This illustrates how asymptomatic patients may be responsible for covert viral transmission. An early and prolonged establishment of isolation and quarantine for patients and close contacts is essential to slow down the spread of SARS-CoV-2, especially in the confined space of a military environment.
JO  - BMJ military health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmjmilitary-2020-001482
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical features of covid-19
AU  - Vetter, Pauline
AU  - Vu, Diem Lan
AU  - L’Huillier, Arnaud G.
AU  - Schibler, Manuel
AU  - Kaiser, Laurent
AU  - Jacquerioz, Frederique
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The wide array of symptoms has implications for the testing strategy In January 2020, coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 was identified as the cause of an outbreak of severe pneumonia, now known to be a complication of the coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19).1 Since then, the spread of covid-19 has increased exponentially, with the World Health Organization declaring a pandemic on 11 March.2 By 15 April, more than 1 900 000 cases and 123 000 deaths had been reported worldwide.3 Severe acute respiratory illness with fever and respiratory symptoms, such as cough and shortness of breath, comprise the working case definition used to select people for viral testing. This strategy captures typical symptomatic presentation, but imperfectly identifies unusual manifestations, such as patients without respiratory symptoms or only very mild symptoms. One widely cited modelling study concluded that up to 86% of cases might have been missed in China,4 and reports of patients with unusual presenting symptoms are rising worldwide. Case series report gastrointestinal symptoms in 2-40% of patients,56 and diarrhoea can be the initial manifestation of infection.7 Whether SARS-CoV-2 leads …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/BMJ.M1470
UR  - https://www.bmj.com/content/369/bmj.m1470
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: ibuprofen can be used for symptoms, says UK agency, but reasons for change in advice are unclear
AU  - Torjesen, Ingrid
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1555-m1555
SP  - m1555
EP  - m1555
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1555
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - What’s happening in covid-19 ICUs? An intensive care doctor answers some common questions
AU  - Rimmer, Abi
AU  - Wilkinson, Emma
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Alison Pittard, dean of the Faculty of Intensive Care Medicine, answers Abi Rimmer ’s queries—and four intensivists tell Emma Wilkinson how they’re coping Intensive care can’t be provided anywhere except in the intensive care unit (ICU) unless it’s purely on a temporary basis. In order to increase capacity during the current pandemic we have had to look at other areas of the hospital where we could safely provide this high level of care. This has led to the postponement of non-urgent surgery to liberate space, staff, and equipment. Anaesthetists have many skills that are transferable to support the care of the critically ill. We’ve also developed a rapid induction programme, with the Royal College of Surgeons, to help train other specialists to help. There has been a dramatic change in the way we normally work, necessitating a move away from 1:1 nurse:patient ratios. There are concerns about lowering our normal standard of care, not only in terms of patient safety but also the impact on staff of having to work in environments and in ways that they don’t normally. The current covid-19 staffing guidance outlining a team approach stretches the critical care team but is supplemented by non-critical care staff as a means of maintaining safety. Any further dilution may compromise this safety and could have a negative impact on staff health and wellbeing. It is the ratio of staff to patient that’s the biggest change to the normal standard of care; it means we’re not delivering the same standard of intensive care as we’d like to. At the current time we can provide the treatments we would do normally, but a doctor may not examine the patient as frequently, for example; response time to an alarm may be slower. We’ve tried to change the way that we work so …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/BMJ.M1552
UR  - https://www.bmj.com/content/369/bmj.m1552
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: Disproportionate impact on ethnic minority healthcare workers will be explored by government
AU  - Rimmer, Abi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The government has said that it will investigate why covid-19 seems to be having a disproportionate impact on healthcare workers from ethnic minority groups. Data from the Intensive Care National Audit and Research Centre, published on 10 April, show that of 3883 patients with confirmed covid-19, 14% (486) were Asian and 12% (402) were black.1 This is nearly double the 14% ethnic minority population in the UK. Reports also show that most doctors who have died from the virus are from ethnic minority backgrounds,2,3,4 although doctors from ethnic minority backgrounds make up only about a third of doctors working in the NHS. Chris Whitty, England’s chief medical officer, said, “It’s critical that we find out which groups are most at risk so we can help to protect them. Three things are clear, and ethnicity is less clear. The three things that are clear are age, people who’ve got more than one other disease, and male sex. Being a member of an ethnic minority group is less clear. I’ve …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/BMJ.M1562
UR  - https://www.bmj.com/content/369/bmj.m1562
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - PPE guidance for covid-19: be honest about resource shortages
AU  - O'Sullivan, Eoin D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1507-m1507
SP  - m1507
EP  - m1507
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1507
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19 is shattering US cancer care
AU  - Nelson, Bryn
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - American oncologists are rushing to prioritise the patients at greatest risk, institute new protections, and learn from their collective experiences, Bryn Nelson reports A patient in Washington, newly diagnosed with breast cancer, fought to get her lumpectomy surgery rescheduled after it was cancelled indefinitely.1 A stuffy nose required another patient in Massachusetts with a recurrent brain tumour to undergo multiple layers of screening before he could receive his immunotherapy infusion.2 A patient with bladder cancer in North Carolina couldn’t get immunotherapy at all because of a lack of surgical masks and gloves.3 Then he was denied a surgical alternative because he needed a covid-19 test first. Since he hadn’t been admitted to a hospital with serious covid-19 symptoms, he didn’t meet the testing criteria. Covid-19 has wreaked havoc on cancer care throughout the US as medical centres scramble to cancel or rearrange surgeries or treatments, tackle a continuing shortage of tests and supplies, and devise new safety protocols to protect a highly susceptible patient group. “Cancer patients are the poster child for that vulnerable, high risk population,” Gary Lyman, senior lead for healthcare quality and policy in the Hutchinson Institute for Cancer Outcomes …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/BMJ.M1544
UR  - https://www.bmj.com/content/369/bmj.m1544
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A European roadmap out of the covid-19 pandemic
AU  - McKee, Martin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coordination between countries is crucial Europe has been hit especially hard by the covid-19 pandemic, with Italy, Spain, and France occupying the top three positions in the global league table of deaths.1 All EU countries have imposed measures to contain the spread of the virus, although these vary considerably. Now, as some countries see death rates falling, they are looking at how to get back to something resembling normality, and the European Commission has published a roadmap to guide them.2 Reassuringly, the roadmap places epidemiology in the driving seat. The roadmap has three key elements. First, no country should consider lifting restrictions until it is certain that the disease is under control. This will pose a challenge for some, as it presupposes that national authorities have accurate and timely information on cases and deaths. As the United Kingdom’s experience shows, this can be difficult. The importance of this information cannot be overstated. Measures taken must be judged against their ability to keep the reproduction number, or R, below 1. In other words, each infected person should not infect more than one other. Second, countries should ensure that they have sufficient health …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/BMJ.M1556
UR  - https://www.bmj.com/content/369/bmj.m1556
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: Cancer Research urges mass testing to enable care to continue during pandemic
AU  - Mahase, Elisabeth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Cancer Research UK has called for widespread covid-19 testing to ensure that patients and staff can use new “covid-free” centres and hospitals, currently being developed by the NHS, and to prevent unnecessary deaths. The covid-19 pandemic has led to thousands of people with cancer in the UK having their treatment stopped or delayed, as services are reconfigured to deal with infections. More than 3500 UK patients with newly diagnosed cancer are usually treated with surgery, chemotherapy, or radiotherapy each week, and more than 15 000 should have started treatment …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/BMJ.M1561
UR  - https://www.bmj.com/content/369/bmj.m1561
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: Government cannot say whether NHS will run out of protective gowns this weekend
AU  - Iacobucci, Gareth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - NHS staff may not have enough protective gowns this weekend because of a severe shortage in supplies, the health secretary has admitted. Matt Hancock told MPs on the health select committee on 17 April that recent changes to UK clinical guidance on personal protective equipment (PPE)1 had increased demand for all such equipment at a time when there was a serious shortage. When asked by the select committee chair, Jeremy Hunt, whether there would be enough gowns to see NHS staff through this weekend, Hancock said, “The challenge of getting protective equipment out to everybody who needs it is an incredibly difficult one. We are …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/BMJ.M1566
UR  - https://www.bmj.com/content/369/bmj.m1566
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: state governors assert control over US response as Trump struggles for a role
AU  - Dyer, Owen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - m1564-m1564
SP  - m1564
EP  - m1564
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1564
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: European officials warn that exiting lockdown will be “very long” and will require cooperation
AU  - Day, Michael
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - European Union officials have unveiled their “roadmap” to phase out the ongoing coronavirus containment measures.1 But they warned of a “very long” exit from a crisis that has been a devastating double whammy to the continent’s health and economic wellbeing. The European Commission president, Ursula von der Leyen, warned that a failure by countries to work together on their exit strategies could lead to a dangerous second wave of covid-19. “If shops are open on one side of the border, we don’t want people moving from one member state to the next to use the shopping opportunity,” she said, urging authorities in EU member states not to erase the progress made from the …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/BMJ.M1549
UR  - https://www.bmj.com/content/369/bmj.m1549
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Keep older healthcare workers off the covid-19 front line
AU  - Ashcroft, John
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Even with appropriate personal protective equipment, coronavirus infections will occur.1 Clearly, the greatest risk factor for serious illness and death is increasing age. Being male …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/BMJ.M1511
UR  - https://www.bmj.com/content/369/bmj.m1511
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - What organisations around the world are doing to help improve doctors’ wellbeing
AU  - Rimmer, Abi
AU  - Chatfield, Cat
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The covid-19 pandemic has increased the pressure and stress that healthcare professionals are under. Now, more than ever, it is important that clinicians look after their wellbeing. Doctors from around the world explain what they have been doing to support their colleagues Lucy Warner, chief executive of NHS Practitioner Health, says, “At this difficult time for doctors and the NHS workforce it feels natural that we at Practitioner Health explore how we can use our experience to support and help. “We’re focusing initially on enabling staff to connect, as we feel many of the anxieties and fear being expressed will be similar for many people. With this in mind, we’re creating a range of online events, webinars, and groups to act as a space to talk, share, learn, and care for one another. “These groups include nightly mindfulness, a singalong, and yoga, as well as safe spaces we’re calling ‘common rooms’ for staff groups to come together. These started on 6 April for doctors and will run twice daily, including weekends, at 11 am and 6 pm They’ll be led by experienced Practitioner Health clinicians, and doctors can access them as often as they like. We hope to have other staff groups running soon. “We’ve been overwhelmed by offers of support and so have built up a range of resources. This includes access to Silvercloud (cognitive behavioural therapy self-care modules) for all NHS staff and their families, as well as other apps such as Sleepio, Daylight, and Headspace. “We’ve also identified a range of therapeutic networks run by accredited professionals who are offering free access to therapy and listening services for NHS staff and have included the links to these on our site. “As part of the national offering being developed through NHS England we’ll be exploring how we can …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/BMJ.M1541
UR  - https://www.bmj.com/content/369/bmj.m1541
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: First coronavirus was described in The BMJ in 1965
AU  - Mahase, Elisabeth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The first description of human coronavirus—a family of viruses that now includes SARS-CoV-2, the cause of the current covid-19 pandemic—was published in The BMJ in 1965. The research, led by virologist David Tyrrell at the Common Cold Unit in Wiltshire, England, involved studying nasal washings from volunteers.1 The researchers found that they could grow several viruses associated with the common cold, but not all of them. One such sample, referred to as B814, turned out to be what we now know as a coronavirus. Using the original B814 nasal swab from a “boy …
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 369
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/BMJ.M1547
UR  - https://www.bmj.com/content/369/bmj.m1547
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The BTK-inhibitor ibrutinib may protect against pulmonary injury in COVID-19 infected patients
AU  - Treon, Steven P.
AU  - Castillo, Jorge
AU  - Skarbnik, Alan P.
AU  - Soumerai, Jacob D.
AU  - Ghobrial, Irene M.
AU  - Guerrera, Maria Luisa
AU  - Meid, Kirsten E.
AU  - Yang, Guang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Blood
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1182/blood.2020006288
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Progress and Concept for COVID-19 Vaccine Development
AU  - Wu, Suh-Chin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Biotechnology journal
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - e2000147-e2000147
SP  - e2000147
EP  - e2000147
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/biot.202000147
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - American Society for Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Pharmacy Special Interest Group Position Statement on Pharmacy Practice Management and Clinical Management for COVID-19 in Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Patients in the Un
AU  - Mahmoudjafari, Zahra
AU  - Alexander, Maurice
AU  - Roddy, Julianna
AU  - Shaw, Ryan
AU  - Shigle, Terri Lynn
AU  - Timlin, Colleen
AU  - Culos, Katie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - ABSTRACT The coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) pandemic poses a significant risk to patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) or cellular therapy. The American Society for Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Pharmacy Special Interest Group Steering Committee aims to provide pharmacy practice management recommendations for how to transition clinical HCT or cellular therapy pharmacy services using telemedicine capabilities in the inpatient and outpatient settings to maintain an equivalent level of clinical practice while minimizing viral spread in a high-risk, immunocompromised population. In addition, the Steering Committee offers clinical management recommendations for COVID-19 in HCT and cellular therapy recipients based on the rapidly developing literature. As the therapeutic and supportive care interventions for COVID-19 expand, collaboration with clinical pharmacy providers is critical to ensure safe administration in HCT recipients. Attention to drug-drug interactions (DDIs) and toxicity, particularly QTc prolongation, warrants close cardiac monitoring and potential cessation of concomitant QTc-prolonging agents. Expanded indications for hydroxychloroquine and tocilizumab have already caused stress on the usual supply chain. Detailed prescribing algorithms, decision pathways, and specific patient population stock may be necessary. The COVID-19 pandemic has challenged all members of the healt`hcare team, and we must continue to remain vigilant in providing pharmacy clinical services to one of the most high-risk patient populations while also remaining committed to providing compassionate and safe care for patients undergoing HCT and cellular therapies.
JO  - Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbmt.2020.04.005
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1083879120302147
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Securing the graft during pandemic: are we ready for cryopreservation for all?
AU  - Dholaria, Bhagirathbhai
AU  - Malki, Monzr M. Al
AU  - Artz, Andrew
AU  - Savani, Bipin N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbmt.2020.04.009
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1083879120302196
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Renin-angiotensin system at the heart of COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Alifano, Marco
AU  - Alifano, Pietro
AU  - Forgez, Patricia
AU  - Iannelli, Antonio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Significant aspects of COVID-19 pandemic remain obscure. Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), a component of the renin-angiotensin system, whose expression dominates on lung alveolar epithelial cells, is the human cell receptor of SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19. We strongly encourage the concept that thorough considerations of receptor-ligand interactions should be kept at the heart of scientific debate on infection. In this idea, the whole renin-angiotensin system has to be evaluated. We hypothesize that factors related to ethnicity, environment, behaviors, associated illness, and medications involving this complex system are probably responsible for situations regarded as anomalous from both an epidemiological and a clinical point of view, but, taken together, such factors may explain most of the aspects of current outbreak. We decided to use the analogy of a play and speculate about the possible impact in this tragedy of 1) air pollution via the interference of nitrogen dioxide on ACE2 expression; 2) the dual role of nicotine; 3) the hypothetical involvement of ACE2 polymorphisms, the relationships of which with ethnic factors and susceptibility to cardiovascular disease seems intriguing; 4) the impact on the severity of infection of hypertension and related medications acting on the renin/angiotensin system, and, finally, 5) the possible helpful role of chloroquine, thanks to its capacity of modifying ACE2 affinity to the viral spike protein by altering glycosylation. This hypothesis paper is an urgent call for the development of research programs that aim at questioning whether the putative protagonists of this tragedy are real-life actors in COVID-19.
JO  - Biochimie
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biochi.2020.04.008
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S030090842030078X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Self-care of medical staff in primary care: An issue that needs attention during the COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Zhongqing, Xu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Self-care is essential for primary care professionals who are at risk of COVID-19.
JO  - Australian journal of general practice
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 49
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.31128/AJGP-COVID-11
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Keeping an eye on COVID-19: Ophthalmic care and triage for general practitioners
AU  - Fung, Adrian T.
AU  - Yang, Xinyi
AU  - Mack, Heather G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The ability of general practitioners to triage ophthalmic conditions appropriately is critical in our fight against COVID-19.
JO  - Australian journal of general practice
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 49
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.31128/AJGP-COVID-10
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Anesthetic and surgical management of tracheostomy in a patient with COVID-19
AU  - Hiramatsu, Mariko
AU  - Nishio, Naoki
AU  - Ozaki, Masayuki
AU  - Shindo, Yuichiro
AU  - Suzuki, Katsunao
AU  - Yamamoto, Takanori
AU  - Fujimoto, Yasushi
AU  - Sone, Michihiko
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The ongoing pandemic coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) infection causes severe respiratory dysfunction and has become an emergent issue for worldwide healthcare. Since COVID-19 spreads through contact and droplet infection routes, careful attention to infection control and surgical management is important to prevent cross-contamination of patients and medical staff. Tracheostomy is an effective method to treat severe respiratory dysfunction with prolonged respiratory management and should be performed as a high-risk procedure. Strict precaution and sufficient use of muscle relaxants are essential during tracheostomy to minimize cross-contamination among healthcare workers in the hospital. Here, we describe the anesthetic and surgical management of tracheostomy in a patient with COVID-19.
JO  - Auris Nasus Larynx
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anl.2020.04.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0385814620300821
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Telemedicine in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Vidal-Alaball, Josep
AU  - Acosta-Roja, Ruthy
AU  - Pastor, Nuria
AU  - Sanchez, Unai
AU  - Morrison, Danielle
AU  - Narejos, Silvia
AU  - Llano, Jesús Pérez
AU  - Seguí, Francesc López
AU  - Salvador, Angels
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Atención Primaria
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aprim.2020.04.003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0212656720301268
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Enfermedad por Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) en América Latina: Papel de la atención primaria en la preparación y respuesta
AU  - Sánchez-Duque, Jorge A.
AU  - Arce-Villalobos, Laura R.
AU  - Rodríguez-Morales, Alfonso J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Atención Primaria
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aprim.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0212656720301177
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19 Lock Down: People Psychology due to Law Enforcement
AU  - Varalakshmi, R.
AU  - Swetha, R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Asian Journal of Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 102102-102102
SP  - 102102
EP  - 102102
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102102
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876201820302136
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The COVID-19 Pandemic Personal Reflections on Editorial Responsibility
AU  - Tandon, Rajiv
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Asian Journal of Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 102100-102100
SP  - 102100
EP  - 102100
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102100
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876201820302112
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Assessing the anxiety level of Iranian general population during COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Moghanibashi-Mansourieh, Amir
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This study is aimed to assess the anxiety level of Iranian general population during COVID-19 outbreak. The online questionnaire surveyed 10,754 individuals from the general population of 31 provinces of Iran who completed the questionnaire on social networks from March 1 to March 9, 2020. The inferential statistics suggests that the level of anxiety was higher among women (95% CI [0.1, 81.36], p < 0.001), people who more followed corona-related news (p < 0.001) and the age group of 21-40 years (p < 0.001). Ultimately, the level of anxiety was significantly higher among people who had at least one family member, relative, or friend who contracted COVID-19 disease (95% CI [1.2, 35.03], p < 0.001). The health care system should adopt a package of psychosocial interventions to reduce the anxiety of high risk groups.
JO  - Asian Journal of Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 102076-102076
SP  - 102076
EP  - 102076
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102076
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876201820301878
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A crisis for elderly with mental disorders: Relapse of symptoms due to heightened anxiety due to COVID-19
AU  - Mehra, Aseem
AU  - Bharadwaj, Seema
AU  - Sahoo, Swapnajeet
AU  - Parveen, Shaheena
AU  - Singh, Ajay Pal
AU  - Chakrabarti, Subho
AU  - Grover, Sandeep
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Asian Journal of Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 102114-102114
SP  - 102114
EP  - 102114
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102114
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876201820302252
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Response to: Rethinking online mental health services in China during the COVID-19 epidemic
AU  - Malathesh, Barikar C.
AU  - Gowda, Guru S.
AU  - Kumar, Channaveerachari Naveen
AU  - Narayana, Manjunatha
AU  - Bada Math, Suresh
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Asian Journal of Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 102105-102105
SP  - 102105
EP  - 102105
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102105
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876201820302161
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Awareness of mental health problems in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19): a lesson from an adult man attempting suicide
AU  - Liu, Yong
AU  - Cao, Lin
AU  - Li, Xiaojin
AU  - Jia, Yingdong
AU  - Xia, Hongtao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Asian Journal of Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 102106-102106
SP  - 102106
EP  - 102106
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102106
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876201820302173
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on pre-existing mental health problems
AU  - Chatterjee, Seshadri Sekhar
AU  - Malathesh, Barikar C.
AU  - Mukherjee, Abir
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Asian Journal of Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 102071-102071
SP  - 102071
EP  - 102071
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102071
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876201820301829
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Contributory Role of Positron Emission Tomography in a Left Ventricular Assist Device Recipient at the time of COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Loforte, Antonio
AU  - Gliozzi, Gregorio
AU  - Martin Suarez, Sofia
AU  - Pacini, Davide
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We report on the role of fluorine 18-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) scan examinations to contribute in the diagnosis of COVID-19 respiratory syndrome even in the case of asymptomatic left ventricular assist device (LVAD) recipients. Thus, warm caution and thoughtful approaches for timely detection should be taken for our delicate LVAD population expecially if patients are currently living in a high density COVID-19 infected area and the pontential intention for LVAD treatment is bridge to transplantation.
JO  - ASAIO journal (American Society for Artificial Internal Organs : 1992)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1097/MAT.0000000000001176
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Respiratory Failure: Targeting Inflammation on VV-ECMO Support
AU  - Hartman, Matthew E.
AU  - Hernandez, Roland A.
AU  - Patel, Krish
AU  - Wagner, Teresa E.
AU  - Trinh, Tony
AU  - Lipke, Anne B.
AU  - Yim, Eric T.
AU  - Pulido, Juan N.
AU  - Pagel, John M.
AU  - Youssef, Samuel J.
AU  - Mignone, John L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) which causes the respiratory illness COVID-19 has led to unprecedented efforts at containment due to its rapid community spread, associated mortality, and lack of immunization and treatment. We herein detail a case of a young patient who suffered life-threatening disease and multi-organ failure. His clinical course involved rapid and profound respiratory decompensation such that he required support with veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO). He also demonstrated hyperinflammation (C-reactive protein peak 444.6 mg/L) with severe cytokine elevation (Interleukin-6 peak > 3,000 pg/mL). Through treatment targeting hyperinflammation he recovered from critical COVID-19 respiratory failure and required only 160 hours of VV-ECMO support. He is currently extubated without an oxygen requirement, showing signs of renal recovery on intermittent hemodialysis, and his repeat SARS-CoV-2 test is negative 21 days after his first positive test. We present the first successful case of VV-ECMO support to recovery of COVID-19 respiratory failure in North America.
JO  - ASAIO journal (American Society for Artificial Internal Organs : 1992)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1097/MAT.0000000000001177
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - First successful treatment of COVID-19 induced refractory cardiogenic plus vasoplegic shock by combination of pVAD and ECMO - a case report
AU  - Bemtgen, Xavier
AU  - Krüger, Kirsten
AU  - Supady, Alexander
AU  - Dürschmied, Daniel
AU  - Schibilsky, David
AU  - Bamberg, Fabian
AU  - Bode, Christoph
AU  - Wengenmayer, Tobias
AU  - Staudacher, Dawid L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is infecting hundreds of thousands of humans around the globe. The coronavirus disease COVID-19 is known to generate mild as well as critical courses. Complications on the intensive care units include acute respiratory distress syndrome, acute cardiac- and kidney injury as well as shock.Here, we present the first case report of a successful treatment of a COVID-19 patient presenting with ARDS plus refractory combined cardiogenic and vasoplegic shock, which could be successfully stabilized after implantation of a percutaneous ventricular assist device (pVAD) plus an extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).While such intense treatment might not be feasible in case of a health care disaster as described for the hot spots of the COVID-19 pandemic, it might encourage treatment of younger patients on intensive care units not overcrowded by critically ill patients.
JO  - ASAIO journal (American Society for Artificial Internal Organs : 1992)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1097/MAT.0000000000001178
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Art Therapy in Pandemics: Lessons for COVID-19
AU  - Potash, Jordan S.
AU  - Kalmanowitz, Debra
AU  - Fung, Ivy
AU  - Anand, Susan A.
AU  - Miller, Gretchen M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Art Therapy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/07421656.2020.1754047
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/07421656.2020.1754047
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Electronic cigarette and vaping should be discouraged during the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 pandemic
AU  - Javelle, Emilie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Archives of Toxicology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00204-020-02744-z
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00204-020-02744-z
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Associated Hepatitis Complicating Recent Living Donor Liver Transplantation
AU  - Lagana, Stephen M.
AU  - De Michele, Simona
AU  - Lee, Michael J.
AU  - Emond, Jean C.
AU  - Griesemer, Adam D.
AU  - Tulin-Silver, Sheryl A.
AU  - Verna, Elizabeth C.
AU  - Martinez, Mercedes
AU  - Lefkowitch, Jay H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We present a case of COVID-19 hepatitis in a living donor liver allograft recipient whose donor subsequently tested positive for COVID-19. The patient is a female infant with biliary atresia (failed Kasai procedure). She recovered well, with improving liver function tests for 4 days. On post-operative day (POD) 4 the patient developed respiratory distress and fever. COVID-19 testing (polymerase chain reaction) was positive. Liver function tests increased approximately 5-fold. Liver biopsy showed moderate acute hepatitis with prominent clusters of apoptotic hepatocytes and associated cellular debris. Lobular lymphohistiocytic inflammation was noted. Typical portal features of mild to moderate acute cellular rejection were also noted.
JO  - Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.5858/arpa.2020-0186-SA
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Visite de reprise (VR) demandée par l’employeur: quelle conduite à tenir en pratique en fonction des obligations réglementaires et des missions du service de santé au travail dans le cadre de la pandémie Covid-19 pour les salariés des entreprises privées?
AU  - Quinton, Sophie Fantoni
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Archives des Maladies Professionnelles et de l'Environnement
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.admp.2020.04.012
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1775878520309735
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Implication des services de santé au travail dans la lutte contre l’épidémie de COVID 19: nouvelles possibilités de prescription des arrêts de travail, report de certaines visites, participation active à la lutte
AU  - Quinton, Sophie Fantoni
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Archives des Maladies Professionnelles et de l'Environnement
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.admp.2020.04.010
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1775878520309711
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Combined Effect of Indoor Air Quality and Socioeconomic Factors on Health in Northeast China
AU  - Chen, Yu
AU  - Chen, Bin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Research has increasingly demonstrated that complex relationships exist between residential indoor air quality, health and socioeconomic factors. However, few studies have provided a comprehensive understanding of these relationships. The purpose of this paper, therefore, was to use structural equation modeling to identify the combined effect of residential indoor air quality and socioeconomic factors on occupants&rsquo; health, based on field measurement data in Northeast China. The results showed that socioeconomic status had a direct impact on the occupants&rsquo; health with the path coefficient of 0.413, whereas the effect from indoor air quality was 0.105. Socioeconomic status posed the direct effect on indoor air quality with path coefficients of 0.381. The weights of PM2.5, CO2, TVOC (Total Volatile Organic Compounds), and formaldehyde concentration to the indoor air quality were 0.813, 0.385, 0.218, and 0.142, respectively. Relative contributions of Income level, education level, and occupation prestige to socioeconomic status were 0.595, 0.551, and 0.508, respectively. Relationships between indoor air quality, socioeconomic factors and health were further confirmed based on multiple group analysis. The study defines and quantifies complex relationships between residential indoor air quality, socioeconomic status and health, which will help improve knowledge of the impacts of the residential indoor environment on health.
JO  - Applied Sciences 2020, Vol. 10, Page 2827
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 10
IS  - 8
PG  - 2827-2827
SP  - 2827
EP  - 2827
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/APP10082827
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/8/2827
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Severe Acute Proximal Pulmonary Embolism and COVID-19: A Word of Caution
AU  - Fabre, Olivier
AU  - Rebet, Olivier
AU  - Carjaliu, Ionut
AU  - Radutoiu, Mihai
AU  - Gautier, Laurence
AU  - Hysi, Ilir
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Acute pulmonary embolism is an uncharacteristic presentation in patients with COVID-19. Here we describe the case of a young woman presenting with severe pulmonary embolism, without any associated symptoms of infections. A clot in a patent foramen ovale was noted. Despite emergency surgical embolectomy, her clinical conditions continued to deteriorate. She was put on extracorporeal life support and tested positive for COVID-19. She died of multiorgan failure on day 10. COVID-19 may have a thrombogenic effect and it may need to be considered in cases of pulmonary embolism and in absence of any obvious risk factor.
JO  - The Annals of Thoracic Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2020.04.005
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0003497520305701
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and rheumatology: first steps towards a different future?
AU  - McInnes, Iain B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of the rheumatic diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 79
IS  - 5
PG  - 551-552
SP  - 551
EP  - 552
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-217494
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Surgeon's Role During the Coronavirus Pandemic
AU  - Raj, Sarth
AU  - Abu-Ghname, Amjed
AU  - Davis, Matthew J.
AU  - Buchanan, Edward P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The coronavirus pandemic has disrupted delivery of healthcare globally, forcing healthcare providers at all levels to adjust their methods of care. Surgeons in the community must respond accordingly and not only take necessary precautions during patient management, but also find opportunities to better educate patients moving forward. Additionally, to best preserve personal protective equipment and staffing resources, surgeons should thoroughly assess their patient load and determine which planned surgeries can be safely delayed to a later date. While not necessarily on the front lines of the pandemic response, surgeons have a vital role in maintaining the public health in the time of crisis.
JO  - Annals of plastic surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1097/SAP.0000000000002427
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A model for a ventilator-weaning and early rehabilitation unit to deal with post-ICU impairments with severe COVID-19
AU  - Levy, Jonathan
AU  - Léotard, Antoine
AU  - Lawrence, Christine
AU  - Paquereau, Julie
AU  - Bensmail, Djamel
AU  - Annane, Djillali
AU  - Delord, Vincent
AU  - Lofaso, Frédéric
AU  - Bessis, Simon
AU  - Prigent, Hélène
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2020.04.002
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877065720300774
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The role of physical and rehabilitation medicine in the COVID-19 pandemic: the clinician's view
AU  - Carda, Stefano
AU  - Invernizzi, Marco
AU  - Bavikatte, Ganesh
AU  - Bensmaïl, Djamel
AU  - Bianchi, Francesca
AU  - Deltombe, Thierry
AU  - Draulans, Nathalie
AU  - Esquenazi, Alberto
AU  - Francisco, Gerard E.
AU  - Gross, Raphaël
AU  - Jacinto, Luis Jorge
AU  - Pérez, Susana Moraleda
AU  - O’Dell, Michael W.
AU  - Reebye, Rajiv
AU  - Verduzco-Gutierrez, Monica
AU  - Wissel, Jörg
AU  - Molteni, Franco
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877065720300762
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 Isolation From Ocular Secretions of a Patient With COVID-19 in Italy With Prolonged Viral RNA Detection
AU  - Colavita, Francesca
AU  - Lapa, Daniele
AU  - Carletti, Fabrizio
AU  - Lalle, Eleonora
AU  - Bordi, Licia
AU  - Marsella, Patrizia
AU  - Nicastri, Emanuele
AU  - Bevilacqua, Nazario
AU  - Giancola, Maria Letizia
AU  - Corpolongo, Angela
AU  - Ippolito, Giuseppe
AU  - Capobianchi, Maria Rosaria
AU  - Castilletti, Concetta
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of internal medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.7326/M20-1176
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Therapeutic strategies for critically ill patients with COVID-19
AU  - Li, Lei
AU  - Li, Ranran
AU  - Wu, Zhixiong
AU  - Yang, Xianghong
AU  - Zhao, Mingyan
AU  - Liu, Jiao
AU  - Chen, Dechang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak originated from Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, at the end of 2019, it has become a clinical threat to the general population worldwide. Among people infected with the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), the intensive management of the critically ill patients in intensive care unit (ICU) needs substantial medical resource. In the present article, we have summarized the promising drugs, adjunctive agents, respiratory supportive strategies, as well as circulation management, multiple organ function monitoring and appropriate nutritional strategies for the treatment of COVID-19 in the ICU based on the previous experience of treating other viral infections and influenza. These treatments are referable before the vaccine and specific drugs are available for COVID-19.
JO  - Annals of Intensive Care
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 10
IS  - 1
PG  - 45-45
SP  - 45
EP  - 45
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s13613-020-00661-z
UR  - https://annalsofintensivecare.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s13613-020-00661-z
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Critically ill SARS-CoV-2-infected patients are not stratified as sepsis by the qSOFA
AU  - Ferreira, Marion
AU  - Blin, Timothee
AU  - Collercandy, Nived
AU  - Szychowiak, Piotr
AU  - Dequin, Pierre-François
AU  - Jouan, Youenn
AU  - Guillon, Antoine
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annals of Intensive Care
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 10
IS  - 1
PG  - 43-43
SP  - 43
EP  - 43
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1186/s13613-020-00664-w
UR  - https://annalsofintensivecare.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s13613-020-00664-w
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Consensus français sur la réalisation de trachéotomies et les soins de trachéotomies pendant la pandémie de COVID-19
AU  - Schultz, P.
AU  - Morvan, J. B.
AU  - Fakhry, N.
AU  - Morinière, S.
AU  - Vergez, S.
AU  - Lacroix, C.
AU  - Bartier, S.
AU  - Barry, Beatrix
AU  - Babin, E.
AU  - Couloigner, V.
AU  - Atallah, I.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Annales françaises d'Oto-rhino-laryngologie et de Pathologie Cervico-faciale
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aforl.2020.04.008
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1879726120301091
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 et ORL pédiatrique en contexte de pandémie à SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)
AU  - Leboulanger, N.
AU  - Sagardoy, T.
AU  - Akkari, M.
AU  - Ayari-Khalfallah, S.
AU  - Celerier, C.
AU  - Fayoux, P.
AU  - Luscan, R.
AU  - Mansbach, A. L.
AU  - Moreddu, E.
AU  - Pondaven, S.
AU  - Simon, F.
AU  - Teissier, N.
AU  - Thierry, B.
AU  - Fanoux, A.
AU  - Lescanne, E.
AU  - Nicollas, R.
AU  - Couloigner, V.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - RESUME Objectif: rédiger des conseils de bonnes pratiques de prise en charge des pathologies ORL pédiatriques en contexte d'épidémie de SARS-CoV-2. Méthodes: ces conseils ont été rédigés sur la base de l'expérience clinique des experts sollicités pour la rédaction de manuscrit, ainsi que sur les recommandations de pratique clinique et publications disponibles sur le sujet dans la littérature. Les propositions feront l'objet de mises à jour en fonction de l'évolution des connaissances sur cette épidémie. Résultats: l’incidence des formes symptomatiques d’infection à SARS-CoV-2 chez l’enfant est faible (1–5%) et le pronostic est bon. Les indications de fibroscopies en consultation doivent être réduites aux seuls cas indispensables et ne pouvant être différés. Leur réalisation doit être entourée de précautions maximales, avec notamment port d’un masque FFP2 (Filtering FacePiece type 2). Les mêmes précautions s’appliquent aux lavages de nez au sérum salé lorsqu’ils sont pratiqués en milieu hospitalier, ainsi qu’aux soins de trachéotomie. Concernant les suspicions de corps étrangers inhalés et en dehors des cas cliniquement évidents, il est recommandé de prescrire un scanner thoracique avant de programmer une éventuelle endoscopie sous anesthésie générale. Les indications chirurgicales doivent se limiter aux urgences et aux cas ne pouvant être différés de plus de deux mois, particulièrement si ces chirurgies concernent les voies aériennes et notamment les fosses nasales et le cavum. Les décisions doivent idéalement être prises collégialement et notées par écrit. Les techniques chirurgicales doivent être adaptées aux risques de dissémination virale. Dans les cas confirmés ou suspects, ou systématiquement pour certains centres, les conditions maximales de protection individuelle avec notamment port d’un masque FFP2 et de lunettes protectrice sont recommandées pour les soignants présents en salle d’opération.
JO  - Annales françaises d'Oto-rhino-laryngologie et de Pathologie Cervico-faciale
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aforl.2020.04.006
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1879726120301078
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Calculate the COVID-19 equation with the people's energy as key variable
AU  - Boggs, Steven D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Anesthesia and analgesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1213/ANE.0000000000004892
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 putting patients at risk of unplanned extubation and airway providers at increased risk of contamination
AU  - Berkow, Lauren
AU  - Kanowitz, Arthur
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Anesthesia and analgesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1213/ANE.0000000000004890
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The COVID-19 pandemics: shall we expect andrological consequences? A call for contributions to ANDROLOGY
AU  - Simoni, Manuela
AU  - Hofmann, Marie-Claude
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic represents and will represent the greatest health, economic and social crisis of the new millennium. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) report published on April 14, 2020, the pandemic SARS-CoV-2 affects 213 countries worldwide, with 1,848,439 infected patients and 117,217 confirmed deaths (https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019) to this date. Men are much more prone to become seriously ill than women. Fortunately, the majority of men, especially in younger age, survive the infection.
JO  - Andrology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/andr.12804
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Forced Disruption of Anatomy Education in Australia and New Zealand: An Acute Response to the Covid-19 Pandemic
AU  - Pather, Nalini
AU  - Blyth, Phil
AU  - Chapman, Jamie A.
AU  - Dayal, Manisha R.
AU  - Flack, Natasha A. M. S.
AU  - Fogg, Quentin A.
AU  - Green, Rodney A.
AU  - Hulme, Anneliese K.
AU  - Johnson, Ian P.
AU  - Meyer, Amanda J.
AU  - Morley, John W.
AU  - Shortland, Peter J.
AU  - Štrkalj, Goran
AU  - Štrkalj, Mirjana
AU  - Valter, Krisztina
AU  - Webb, Alexandra L.
AU  - Woodley, Stephanie J.
AU  - Lazarus, Michelle D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - ABSTRACT Australian and New Zealand universities commenced a new academic year in February/March 2020 largely with ?business as usual'. The subsequent COVID-19 pandemic imposed unexpected disruptions to anatomical educational practice. Rapid change occurred due to government-imposed physical distancing regulations from March 2020 that increasingly restricted anatomy laboratory teaching practices. Anatomy educators in both these countries were mobilized to adjust their teaching approaches. This study on anatomy education disruption at pandemic onset within Australia and New Zealand adopts a social constructivist lens. The research question was ?What are the perceived disruptions and changes made to anatomy education in Australia and New Zealand during the initial period of the Covid-19 pandemic, as reflected on by anatomy educators?'. Thematic analysis to elucidate ''the what and why'' of anatomy education was applied to these reflections. Eighteen anatomy academics from ten institutions participated in this exercise. The analysis revealed loss of integrated 'hands-on' experiences, and impacts on workload, traditional roles, students, pedagogy and anatomists? personal educational philosophies. The key opportunities recognized for anatomy education included: enabling synchronous teaching across remote sites, expanding offerings into the remote learning space, and embracing new pedagogies. In managing anatomy education?s transition in response to the pandemic, six critical elements were identified: community care, clear communications, clarified expectations, constructive alignment, community of practice, ability to compromise and adapt and continuity planning. There is no doubt that anatomy education has stepped into a yet unknown future in the island countries of Australia and New Zealand.
JO  - Anatomical Sciences Education
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/ase.1968
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/ase.1968
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, Threat (SWOT) Analysis of the Adaptations to Anatomical Education in the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland in Response to the COIVD-19 Pandemic
AU  - Longhurst, Georga J.
AU  - Stone, Danya M.
AU  - Dulohery, Kate
AU  - Scully, Deirdre
AU  - Campbell, Thomas
AU  - Smith, Claire F.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract The Covid-19 pandemic has driven the fastest changes to higher education across the globe, necessitated by social distancing measures preventing any face to face teaching. This has led to an almost immediate switch to distance learning by higher education institutions. Anatomy faces some unique challenges. Intrinsically, anatomy is a three-dimensional subject that requires a sound understanding of the relationships between structures, often achieved by the study of human cadaveric material, models and virtual resources. This study sought to identify the approaches taken in the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland to deliver anatomical education through online means. Data were collected from 14 different universities in the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland and compared adopting a thematic analysis approach. Once themes were generated, they were collectively brought together using a strength, weakness, opportunity, threat (SWOT) analysis. Key themes included the opportunity to develop new online resources and the chance to engage in new academic collaborations. Academics frequently mentioned the challenge that time constrains could place on the quality and effectiveness of these resources; especially as in many cases the aim of these resources is to compensate for a lack of exposure to cadaveric exposure. Comparisons of the actions taken by multiple higher education institutions reveals the ways that academics have tried to balance this demand. Discussions will facilitate decisions being made by higher education institutions regarding adapting the curriculum and assessment methods in anatomy.
JO  - Anatomical Sciences Education
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/ase.1967
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/ase.1967
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Current Anatomy Education and Future Careers: A Student's Perspective
AU  - Franchi, Thomas
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As both an anatomy student and anatomy demonstrator, Anatomical Sciences Education has become my go-to journal to further my knowledge of the latest developments in anatomy education, innovations in pedagogical practice, and indeed perspectives on current affairs in the field.
JO  - Anatomical sciences education
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/ase.1966
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - MANIFESTACIONES CUTÁNEAS EN CONTEXTO DEL BROTE ACTUAL DE ENFERMEDAD POR CORONAVIRUS 2019
AU  - Morey-Olivé, Miriam
AU  - Espiau, María
AU  - Mercadal-Hally, Maria
AU  - Lera-Carballo, Esther
AU  - García-Patos, Vicenç
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Anales de Pediatría
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anpedi.2020.04.013
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S169540332030165X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID 19: SINDROME FEBRIL Y CLÍNICA NEURÓLOGICA EN NEONATO
AU  - Chacón-Aguilar, Rocío
AU  - Osorio-Cámara, Juana María
AU  - Sanjurjo-Jimenez, Isabel
AU  - González-González, Carolina
AU  - López-Carnero, Juan
AU  - Agapito, Begoña Pérez-Moneo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Anales de Pediatría
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anpedi.2020.04.012
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1695403320301648
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preliminary therapeutic drug monitoring data of β-lactams in critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection
AU  - Novy, E.
AU  - Scala-Bertola, J.
AU  - Roger, C.
AU  - Guerci, P.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Anaesthesia Critical Care & Pain Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.accpm.2020.04.005
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352556820300710
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Treating hypoxemic patients with SARS-COV-2 pneumonia: Back to applied physiology
AU  - bendjelid, karim
AU  - Giraud, Raphael
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Anaesthesia Critical Care & Pain Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.accpm.2020.04.003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352556820300692
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Laryngeal oedema associated with COVID-19 complicating airway management
AU  - McGrath, B. A.
AU  - Wallace, S.
AU  - Goswamy, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We would like to highlight the apparent potential of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in causing airway oedema and laryngitis; particularly of relevance when managing the airways of critically ill patients suffering from COVID-19. This is relevant to colleagues intubating and extubating the tracheas of critically ill patients and also to colleagues from ENT who may be asked to provide opinions on airway oedema around the time of tracheal extubation. In our tertiary UK hospital, staff have intubated the tracheas of more than 30 patients to date and we have experienced one failed intubation due to airway oedema and two (of eight) patients have developed stridor following trachea extubation. Both stridulous patients required tracheal re-intubation; one was successfully extubated 48 h later, and one required subsequent tracheostomy. A further patient with suspected laryngeal oedema underwent a period of review and then proceeded to tracheostomy without an extubation trial.
JO  - Anaesthesia
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/anae.15092
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): Global Health Equity in Pandemic Response
AU  - Ivers, Louise C.
AU  - Walton, David A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): Global Health Equity in Pandemic Response.
JO  - The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.4269/ajtmh.20-0260
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Pandemic Challenge: End Separate and Unequal Healthcare
AU  - Smith, David Barton
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The American Journal of the Medical Sciences
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjms.2020.04.011
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0002962920301282
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic: A comprehensive overview and perioperative care
AU  - Al-Balas, Mahmoud
AU  - Al-Balas, Hasan Ibrahim
AU  - Al-Balas, Hamzeh
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 disease is a pandemic disease caused by a single-stranded RNA virus that belongs to the coronavirus family known as 2019-nCoV (SARS-CoV-2). The disease is highly contagious and transmitted mainly by droplets or close contact. As the global incidence of COVID-19 disease is increasing dramatically, health systems worldwide started to suffer in terms of its capability to manage affected people and the ability to provide standard treatment for critically ill patients in a safe environment. As Medical staff has extensive contact with patients, families as well as other health care providers, they are very likely to cause cross-infection. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of COVID-19 disease as well as to highlight essential measures that healthcare providers and surgeons need to take into consideration during their management of the patient during the COVID-19 pandemic.
JO  - The American Journal of Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjsurg.2020.04.018
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0002961020302221
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Sports Medicine in a Time of Pandemic
AU  - Reider, Bruce
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The American journal of sports medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 363546520923334-363546520923334
SP  - 363546520923334
EP  - 363546520923334
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/0363546520923334
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and the Correctional Environment: The American Prison as a Focal Point for Public Health
AU  - Montoya-Barthelemy, Andre
AU  - Lee, Charles D.
AU  - Cundiff, Dave
AU  - Smith, Eric
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - American Journal of Preventive Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2020.04.001
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0749379720301446
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Considerations for Obstetric Care during the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Dotters-Katz, Sarah K.
AU  - Hughes, Brenna L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a growing pandemic that is impacting daily life across the globe. Though disease is often mild, in high-risk populations, severe disease often leads to intubation, intensive care admission (ICU) admission, and in many cases death. The implications for pregnancy remain largely unknown. Early data suggest that COVID-19 may not pose increased risk in the pregnant population. Vertical transmission has not been confirmed. Because no treatment, no vaccine and no herd immunity exist, social distancing is the best mechanism available to protect patients and health care workers from infection. This review will discuss what is known about the virus as it relates to pregnancy and then consider management considerations based on these data. KEY POINTS: · COVID-19 severity in pregnancy is unclear.. · Social distancing is the best protective mechanism.. · No clear evidence of vertical transmission exists.. · Mother/baby separation avoids transmission..
JO  - American journal of perinatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1055/s-0040-1710051
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Severe COVID-19 during Pregnancy and Possible Vertical Transmission
AU  - Alzamora, Maria Claudia
AU  - Paredes, Tania
AU  - Caceres, David
AU  - Webb, Camille M.
AU  - Valdez, Luis M.
AU  - La Rosa, Mauricio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - There are few cases of pregnant women with novel corona virus 2019 (COVID-19) in the literature, most of them with a mild illness course. There is limited evidence about in utero infection and early positive neonatal testing. A 41-year-old G3P2 with a history of previous cesarean deliveries and diabetes mellitus presented with a 4-day history of malaise, low-grade fever, and progressive shortness of breath. A nasopharyngeal swab was positive for COVID-19, COVID-19 serology was negative. The patient developed respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation on day 5 of disease onset. The patient underwent a cesarean delivery, and neonatal isolation was implemented immediately after birth, without delayed cord clamping or skin-to-skin contact. The neonatal nasopharyngeal swab, 16 hours after delivery, was positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and immunoglobulin (Ig)-M and IgG for SARS-CoV-2 were negative. Maternal IgM and IgG were positive on postpartum day 4 (day 9 after symptom onset). We report a severe presentation of COVID-19 during pregnancy. To our knowledge, this is the earliest reported positive PCR in the neonate, raising the concern for vertical transmission. We suggest pregnant women should be considered as a high-risk group and minimize exposures for these reasons. KEY POINTS: · We report a severe presentation of COVID-19 in pregnancy requiring invasive ventilatory support.. · This is a case of positive RT-PCR in first day of life, suggesting possible vertical transmission.. · There were no detectable maternal antibodies for COVID-19 until after delivery..
JO  - American journal of perinatology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1055/s-0040-1710050
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and hearing difficulties
AU  - Trecca, Eleonora M. C.
AU  - Gelardi, Matteo
AU  - Cassano, Michele
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - American Journal of Otolaryngology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 102496-102496
SP  - 102496
EP  - 102496
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjoto.2020.102496
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0196070920301782
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID19 during pregnancy: a systematic review of reported cases
AU  - Della Gatta, Anna Nunzia
AU  - Rizzo, Roberta
AU  - Pilu, Gianluigi
AU  - Simonazzi, Giuliana
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective to conduct a systematic review of the outcomes reported for pregnant patients with COVID 19. Data sources we searched electronically Pubmed, Cinahl, Scopus using combination of keywords “Coronavirus and/ or pregnancy”; “COVID and/or pregnancy”; “COVID disease and/or pregnancy”; “COVID pneumonia and/or pregnancy. There were no restriction of languages in order to collect as much cases as possible. Study eligibility criteria all pregnant women, with a COVID19 diagnosed with acid nucleic test, with reported data about pregnancy and, in case of delivery, reported outcomes. Study appraisal and synthesis methods all the studies included have been evaluated according the tool for evaluating the methodological quality of case reports and case series described by Murad et al. Results 6 studies including 51 women were eligible for the systematic review. Three pregnancies were ongoing at the time of the report; of the remaining 48, 46 were delivered with a cesarean section and 2 vaginally; there was 1 stillbirth and 1 neonatal death. Conclusions although vertical transmission of SARS-Cov2 has been excluded thus far and the outcome for mothers and fetuses has been generally good, the high rate of preterm cesarean delivery is a reason for concern. These interventions were typically elective, and it is reasonable to question whether they were warranted or not. COVID-19 associated with respiratory insufficiency in late pregnancies certainly creates a complex clinical scenario.
JO  - American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2020.04.013
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0002937820304385
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Lifestyle at Time of COVID-19: How Could Quarantine Affect Cardiovascular Risk
AU  - Mattioli, Anna Vittoria
AU  - Ballerini Puviani, Matteo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 is causing a global pandemic with a high number of deaths and infected people. To contain the diffusion of COVID-19 virus, governments have enforced restrictions on outdoor activities or even collective quarantine on the population. Quarantine carries some long-term effects on cardiovascular disease, mainly related to unhealthy lifestyle and anxiety.
JO  - American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1559827620918808-1559827620918808
SP  - 1559827620918808
EP  - 1559827620918808
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1177/1559827620918808
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1177/1559827620918808
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 drive through testing: An effective strategy for conserving personal protective equipment
AU  - Ton, Angie N.
AU  - Jethwa, Tarang
AU  - Waters, Karen
AU  - Speicher, Leigh L.
AU  - Francis, Dawn
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - American Journal of Infection Control
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2020.04.010
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S019665532030208X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A changing world
AU  - Stone, Patricia W.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - American Journal of Infection Control
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2020.03.014
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S019665532030167X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Access to Care for Dementia patients suffering from COVID-19
AU  - Cipriani, Gabriele
AU  - Fiorino, Mario Di
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jagp.2020.04.009
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1064748120302931
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Anticipating and Mitigating the Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias
AU  - Brown, Eric E.
AU  - Kumar, Sanjeev
AU  - Rajji, Tarek K.
AU  - Pollock, Bruce G.
AU  - Mulsant, Benoit H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 pandemic is causing global morbidity and mortality, straining health systems, and disrupting society, putting individuals with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) at risk of significant harm. In this Special Article, we examine the current and expected impact of the pandemic on individuals with ADRD. We discuss and propose mitigation strategies for: the risk of COVID-19 infection and its associated morbidity and mortality for individuals with ADRD; the impact of COVID-19 on the diagnosis and clinical management of ADRD; consequences of societal responses to COVID-19 in different ADRD care settings; the effect of COVID-19 on caregivers and physicians of individuals with ADRD; mental hygiene, trauma, and stigma in the time of COVID-19; and the potential impact of COVID-19 on ADRD research. Amid considerable uncertainty, we may be able to prevent or reduce the harm of the COVID-19 pandemic and its consequences for individuals with ADRD and their caregivers.
JO  - The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jagp.2020.04.010
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1064748120302943
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - iPad deployment for virtual evaluation in the emergency department during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Wittbold, Kelley A.
AU  - Baugh, Joshua J.
AU  - Yun, Brian J.
AU  - Raja, Ali S.
AU  - White, Benjamin A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2020.04.025
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735675720302539
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cardiac injury is associated with mortality and critically ill pneumonia in COVID-19: A meta-analysis
AU  - Santoso, Anwar
AU  - Pranata, Raymond
AU  - Wibowo, Arief
AU  - Al-Farabi, Makhyan Jibril
AU  - Huang, Ian
AU  - Antariksa, Budhi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to explore the association between cardiac injury and mortality, the need for intensive care unit (ICU) care, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. Methods We performed a comprehensive literature search from several databases. Definition of cardiac injury follows that of the included studies, which includes highly sensitive cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnl) >99th percentile.The primary outcome was mortality, and the secondary outcomes were ARDS, the need for ICU care, and severe COVID-19. ARDS and severe COVID-19 were defined per the World Health Organization (WHO) interim guidance of severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) of COVID-19. Results There were a total of 2389 patients from 13 studies. This meta-analysis showed that cardiac injury was associated with higher mortality (RR 7.95 [5.12, 12.34], p < 0.001; I2: 65%). Cardiac injury was associated with higher need for ICU care (RR 7.94 [1.51, 41.78], p = 0.01; I2: 79%), and severe COVID-19 (RR 13.81 [5.52, 34.52], p < 0.001; I2: 0%). The cardiac injury was not significant for increased risk of ARDS (RR 2.57 [0.96, 6.85], p = 0.06; I2: 84%). The level of hs-cTnI was higher in patients with primary + secondary outcome (mean difference 10.38 pg/mL [4.44, 16.32], p = 0.002; I2: 0%). Conclusion Cardiac injury is associated with mortality, need for ICU care, and severity of disease in patients with COVID-19.
JO  - The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2020.04.052
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735675720302801
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Adapting Head and Neck Cancer Management in the Time of COVID-19
AU  - Mehanna, Hisham
AU  - Gillison, Maura
AU  - Lee, Anne W. M.
AU  - von Zeidler, Sandra V.
AU  - Porceddu, Sandro
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.04.017
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S036030162031035X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Saliva: potential diagnostic value and transmission of 2019-nCoV
AU  - Xu, Ruoshi
AU  - Cui, Bomiao
AU  - Duan, Xiaobo
AU  - Zhang, Ping
AU  - Zhou, Xuedong
AU  - Yuan, Quan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 2019-nCoV epidemic was firstly reported at late December of 2019 and has caused a global outbreak of COVID-19 now. Saliva, a biofluid largely generated from salivary glands in oral cavity, has been reported 2019-nCoV nucleic acid positive. Besides lungs, salivary glands and tongue are possibly another hosts of 2019-nCoV due to expression of ACE2. Close contact or short-range transmission of infectious saliva droplets is a primary mode for 2019-nCoV to disseminate as claimed by WHO, while long-distance saliva aerosol transmission is highly environment dependent within indoor space with aerosol-generating procedures such as dental practice. So far, no direct evidence has been found that 2019-nCoV is vital in air flow for long time. Therefore, to prevent formation of infectious saliva droplets, to thoroughly disinfect indoor air and to block acquisition of saliva droplets could slow down 2019-nCoV dissemination. This review summarizes diagnostic value of saliva for 2019-nCoV, possibly direct invasion into oral tissues, and close contact transmission of 2019-nCoV by saliva droplets, expecting to contribute to 2019-nCoV epidemic control.
JO  - International journal of oral science
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 12
IS  - 1
PG  - 11-11
SP  - 11
EP  - 11
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1038/s41368-020-0080-z
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Drug Discovery Using Intensive Approaches
AU  - Asai, Ayumu
AU  - Konno, Masamitsu
AU  - Ozaki, Miyuki
AU  - Otsuka, Chihiro
AU  - Vecchione, Andrea
AU  - Arai, Takahiro
AU  - Kitagawa, Toru
AU  - Ofusa, Ken
AU  - Yabumoto, Masami
AU  - Hirotsu, Takaaki
AU  - Taniguchi, Masateru
AU  - Eguchi, Hidetoshi
AU  - Doki, Yuichiro
AU  - Ishii, Hideshi
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since the infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was reported in China during December 2019, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread on a global scale, causing the World Health Organization (WHO) to issue a warning. While novel vaccines and drugs that target SARS-CoV-2 are under development, this review provides information on therapeutics which are under clinical trials or are proposed to antagonize SARS-CoV-2. Based on the information gained from the responses to other RNA coronaviruses, including the strains that cause severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-coronaviruses and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), drug repurposing might be a viable strategy. Since several antiviral therapies can inhibit viral replication cycles or relieve symptoms, mechanisms unique to RNA viruses will be important for the clinical development of antivirals against SARS-CoV-2. Given that several currently marketed drugs may be efficient therapeutic agents for severe COVID-19 cases, they may be beneficial for future viral pandemics and other infections caused by RNA viruses when standard treatments are unavailable.
JO  - International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2020, Vol. 21, Page 2839
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 21
IS  - 8
PG  - 2839-2839
SP  - 2839
EP  - 2839
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/IJMS21082839
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/8/2839
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Lu, Renfei
AU  - Wu, Xiuming
AU  - Wan, Zhenzhou
AU  - Li, Yingxue
AU  - Jin, Xia
AU  - Zhang, Chiyu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 has become a major global public health burden, currently causing a rapidly growing number of infections and significant morbidity and mortality around the world. Early detection with fast and sensitive assays and timely intervention are crucial for interrupting the spread of the COVID-19 virus (SARS-CoV-2). Using a mismatch-tolerant amplification technique, we developed a simple, rapid, sensitive and visual reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay for SARS-CoV-2 detection based on its N gene. The assay has a high specificity and sensitivity, and robust reproducibility, and its results can be monitored using a real-time PCR machine or visualized via colorimetric change from red to yellow. The limit of detection (LOD) of the assay is 118.6 copies of SARS-CoV-2 RNA per 25 &mu;L reaction. The reaction can be completed within 30 min for real-time fluorescence monitoring, or 40 min for visual detection when the template input is more than 200 copies per 25 &mu;L reaction. To evaluate the viability of the assay, a comparison between the RT-LAMP and a commercial RT-qPCR assay was made using 56 clinical samples. The SARS-CoV-2 RT-LAMP assay showed perfect agreement in detection with the RT-qPCR assay. The newly-developed SARS-CoV-2 RT-LAMP assay is a simple and rapid method for COVID-19 surveillance.
JO  - International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2020, Vol. 21, Page 2826
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 21
IS  - 8
PG  - 2826-2826
SP  - 2826
EP  - 2826
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/IJMS21082826
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/8/2826
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Specific ACE2 Expression in Small Intestinal Enterocytes may Cause Gastrointestinal Symptoms and Injury after 2019-nCoV Infection
AU  - Zhang, Hui
AU  - Li, Hong-Bao
AU  - Lyu, Jian-Rui
AU  - Lei, Xiao-Ming
AU  - Li, Wei
AU  - Wu, Gang
AU  - Lyu, Jun
AU  - Dai, Zhi-Ming
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was first reported in Wuhan, China and rapidly spread in other countries in December 2019. The infected patients presented with fever, respiratory symptoms, sometimes with digestive and other systemic manifestations, and some progressed with a severe acute respiratory syndrome or even death. Associated digestive symptoms were frequently observed in the patients, with an unknown significance and mechanism. ACE2, as the major known functional receptor of the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) attracted our attention. We collected the clinical data of the 2019-nCoV-infected patients from published studies and extracted the data about the incidence of gastrointestinal symptoms. Furthermore, we used online datasets to analyze ACE2 expression in different human organs, especially in the small intestine, to explore the relationship between ACE2 expression patterns and clinical symptoms. We found that diarrhea accounted for a notable proportion of COVID-19 patients, ranging from 8.0% to 12.9%. The results reveal that ACE2 mRNA and protein are highly expressed in the small intestinal enterocytes but not in the goblet cells or intestinal immune cells. High expression of ACE2 on the surface cells in the digestive tract may lead to gastrointestinal symptoms and inflammation susceptibility. Overall, digestive symptoms were common in the COVID-19 patients. ACE2 expression on surface cells of the small intestine may mediate the invasion and amplification of the virus and activation of gastrointestinal inflammation. It is a possible mechanism of digestive symptoms in the COVID-19 patients and explains the presence of the virus in patients’ stool samples. The study also highlights the necessity of taking stool samples for suspected patients to help in early diagnosis and assessment of disease status.
JO  - International Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.04.027
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971220302381
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Comparison of nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs for SARS-CoV-2 detection in 353 patients received tests with both specimens simultaneously
AU  - Wang, Xiong
AU  - Tan, Li
AU  - Wang, Xu
AU  - Liu, Weiyong
AU  - Lu, Yanjun
AU  - Cheng, Liming
AU  - Sun, Ziyong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background Since the outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Wuhan in December 2019, by March 10, 2020, a total of 80,932 confirmed cases have been reported in China. Two consecutively negative RT-PCR test results in respiratory tract specimens is required for the evaluation of discharge from hospital, and oropharyngeal swabs were the most common sample. However, false negative results occurred in the late stage of hospitalization, and avoiding false negative result is critical essential. Methods We reviewed the medical record of 353 patients who received tests with both specimens simultaneously, and compared the performance between nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs. Results Of the 353 patients (outpatients, 192; inpatients, 161) studied, the median age was 54 years, and 177 (50.1%) were women. Higher positive rate (positive tests/total tests) was observed in nasopharyngeal swabs than oropharyngeal swabs, especially in inpatients. Nasopharyngeal swabs from inpatients showed higher positive rate than outpatients. Nasopharyngeal swabs from male showed higher positive rate than female, especially in outpatients. Detection with both specimens slightly increased the positive rate than nasopharyngeal swab only. Moreover, the consistency between from nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs were poor (Kappa=0.308). Conclusion In conclusion, our study suggests that nasopharyngeal swabs may be more suitable than oropharyngeal swab at this stage of COVID-19 outbreak.
JO  - International Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.04.023
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971220302356
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection of hospital isolation wards hygiene monitoring during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 outbreak in a Chinese hospital
AU  - Wang, Jie
AU  - Feng, Haiting
AU  - Zhang, Sheng
AU  - Ni, Zuowei
AU  - Ni, Lingmei
AU  - Chen, Yu
AU  - Zhuo, Lixin
AU  - Zhong, Zifeng
AU  - Qu, Tingting
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objectives The aim of this paper was to monitor the presence of SARS-Cov-2 among hospital environment surfaces, sewage, and personal protective equipment (PPE) of staffs in isolation wards in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, China. Methods Surfaces of objects were routinely wiped with 1, 000mg/L chlorine containing disinfectant. Air and sewage disinfection was proceeded routinely and strictly. Hospital environmental surfaces and PPE of staffs in isolation wards were sampled using swabs. The sewage from various inlet and outlets were sampled. The respiratory and stool specimens of patients were collected. The respiratory specimens of staffs in the isolation wards were also sampled once a week. Quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) methods were used to confirm the existence of SARS-Cov-2 RNA. Viral culture was done for the samples positive for SARS-Cov-2 RNA. Results During the study period, 33 laboratory-confirmed patients were hospitalized in isolation wards in the hospital. None of SARS-Cov-2 RNA was detected among the 36 objects surface samples and 9 staffs PPE samples in isolation wards. Though the 3 sewage samples from the inlet of preprocessing disinfection pool were positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA and the sample from the outlet of preprocessing disinfection pool was weakly positive, the sewage sample from the outlet of the last disinfection pool was negative. All of the 5 sewage samples from various points were negative by viral culture of SARS-Cov-2. None of the respiratory specimens of staffs in the isolation wards were positive. Conclusions Though SARS-Cov-2 RNA of the sewage samples were positive from inlets of the sewage disinfection pool and negative from the outlet of the last sewage disinfection pool, no viable virus was detected by culture. The monitoring data in this study suggested that the strict disinfection and hand hygiene could decrease the hospital-associated COVID-19 infection risk of the staffs in isolation wards.
JO  - International Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.04.024
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S120197122030237X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 travel restrictions and the International Health Regulations – call for an open debate on easing of travel restrictions
AU  - Petersen, Eskild
AU  - McCloskey, Brian
AU  - Hui, David S.
AU  - Kock, Richard
AU  - Ntoumi, Francine
AU  - Memish, Ziad A.
AU  - Kapata, Nathan
AU  - Azhar, Esam I.
AU  - Pollack, Marjorie
AU  - Madoff, Larry C.
AU  - Hamer, Davidson H.
AU  - Nachega, Jean B.
AU  - Pshenichnaya, N.
AU  - Zumla, Alimuddin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.04.029
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971220302459
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Changes in testing rates could mask the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) growth rate
AU  - Omori, Ryosuke
AU  - Mizumoto, Kenji
AU  - Chowell, Gerardo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Since the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) emerged in December 2019 in China, it has rapidly propagated to around the world, leading to one of the most significant pandemic events of recent history. Deriving reliable estimates of the COVID-19 epidemic growth rate is quite important to guide the timing and intensity of intervention strategies. Indeed, many studies have quantified the epidemic growth rate using time-series of reported cases during the early phase of the outbreak to estimate the basic reproduction number, R0. Using daily time series of COVID-19 incidence, we illustrate how epidemic curves of reported cases may not always reflect the true epidemic growth rate due to changes in testing rates, which could be influenced by limited diagnostic testing capacity during the early epidemic phase.
JO  - International Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.04.021
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971220302368
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The relative transmissibility of asymptomatic cases among close contacts
AU  - He, Daihai
AU  - Zhao, Shi
AU  - Lin, Qianying
AU  - Zhuang, Zian
AU  - Cao, Peihua
AU  - Wang, Maggie H.
AU  - Yang, Lin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Asymptomatic transmission of the coronavirus disease 2019 is an important topic. A recent study in China showed that transmissibility of the asymptomatic cases is comparable to that of symptomatic cases. Here we showed that the conclusion may depend on how we interpret the data. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time the relative transmissibility of asymptomatic COVID-19 cases is quantified.
JO  - International Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.04.034
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971220302502
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Association of the COVID-19 pandemic with Internet Search Volumes: A Google TrendsTM Analysis
AU  - Effenberger, Maria
AU  - Kronbichler, Andreas
AU  - Shin, Jae Il
AU  - Mayer, Gert
AU  - Tilg, Herbert
AU  - Perco, Paul
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objectives To assess the association of public interest in coronavirus infections with the actual number of infected cases for selected countries across the globe. Methods We performed a Google TrendsTM search for “Coronavirus” and compared Relative Search Volumes (RSV) indices to the number of reported COVID-19 cases by the European Center for Disease Control (ECDC) using time-lag correlation analysis. Results Worldwide public interest in Coronavirus reached its first peak end of January when numbers of newly infected patients started to increase exponentially in China. The worldwide Google TrendsTM index reached its peak on the 12th of March 2020 at a time when numbers of infected patients started to increase in Europe and COVID-19 was declared a pandemic. At this time the general interest in China but also the Republic of Korea has already been significantly decreased as compared to end of January. Correlations between RSV indices and number of new COVID-19 cases were observed across all investigated countries with highest correlations observed with a time lag of -11.5 days, i.e. highest interest in coronavirus observed 11.5 days before the peak of newly infected cases. This pattern was very consistent across European countries but also holds true for the US. In Brazil and Australia, highest correlations were observed with a time lag of -7 days. In Egypt the highest correlation is given with a time lag of 0, potentially indicating that in this country, numbers of newly infected patients will increase exponentially within the course of April. Conclusions Public interest indicated by RSV indices can help to monitor the progression of an outbreak such as the current COVID-19 pandemic. Public interest is on average highest 11.5 days before the peak of newly infected cases.
JO  - International Journal of Infectious Diseases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.04.033
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971220302496
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Fear and Practice Modifications among Dentists to Combat Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Outbreak
AU  - Ahmed, Muhammad Adeel
AU  - Jouhar, Rizwan
AU  - Ahmed, Naseer
AU  - Adnan, Samira
AU  - Aftab, Marziya
AU  - Zafar, Muhammad Sohail
AU  - Khurshid, Zohaib
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - An outbreak of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in China has influenced every aspect of life. Healthcare professionals, especially dentists, are exposed to a higher risk of getting infected due to close contact with infected patients. The current study was conducted to assess anxiety and fear of getting infected among dentists while working during the current novel coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) outbreak. In addition, dentists&rsquo; knowledge about various practice modifications to combat COVID-19 has been evaluated. A cross-sectional study was conducted using an online survey from 10th to 17th March 2020. The well-constructed questionnaire was designed and registered at online website (Kwiksurveys) and validated. A total of 669 participants from 30 different countries across the world responded. After scrutiny, completed questionnaires (n = 650) were included in the study. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25. Chi-Square and Spearman correlation tests were applied to control confounders and assess the relation of dentists&rsquo; response with respect to gender and educational level. More than two-thirds of the general dental practitioners (78%) from 30 countries questioned were anxious and scared by the devastating effects of COVID-19. A large number of dentists (90%) were aware of recent changes in the treatment protocols. However, execution of amended treatment protocol was recorded as 61%. The majority of the dentists (76%) were working in the hospital setting out of which 74% were from private, and 20% were from government setups. Individually we received a large number of responses from Pakistan and Saudi Arabia, but collectively more than 50% of the responses were from other parts of the world. Despite having a high standard of knowledge and practice, dental practitioners around the globe are in a state of anxiety and fear while working in their respective fields due to the COVID-19 pandemic impact on humanity. A number of dental practices have either modified their services according to the recommended guidelines to emergency treatment only or closed down practices for an uncertain period.
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, Vol. 17, Page 2821
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 17
IS  - 8
PG  - 2821-2821
SP  - 2821
EP  - 2821
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/IJERPH17082821
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/8/2821
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Development of an Assessment Method for Investigating the Impact of Climate and Urban Parameters in Confirmed Cases of COVID-19: A New Challenge in Sustainable Development
AU  - Pirouz, Behrouz
AU  - Haghshenas, Sina Shaffiee
AU  - Pirouz, Behzad
AU  - Haghshenas, Sami Shaffiee
AU  - Piro, Patrizia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Sustainable development has been a controversial global topic, and as a complex concept in recent years, it plays a key role in creating a favorable future for societies. Meanwhile, there are several problems in the process of implementing this approach, like epidemic diseases. Hence, in this study, the impact of climate and urban factors on confirmed cases of COVID-19 (a new type of coronavirus) with the trend and multivariate linear regression (MLR) has been investigated to propose a more accurate prediction model. For this propose, some important climate parameters, including daily average temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed, in addition to urban parameters such as population density, were considered, and their impacts on confirmed cases of COVID-19 were analyzed. The analysis was performed for three case studies in Italy, and the application of the proposed method has been investigated. The impacts of parameters have been considered with a delay time from one to nine days to find out the most suitable combination. The result of the analysis demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed model and the impact of climate parameters on the trend of confirmed cases. The research hypothesis approved by the MLR model and the present assessment method could be applied by considering several variables that exhibit the exact delay of them to new confirmed cases of COVID-19.
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, Vol. 17, Page 2801
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 17
IS  - 8
PG  - 2801-2801
SP  - 2801
EP  - 2801
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/IJERPH17082801
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/8/2801
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The COVID-19 Outbreak and Affected Countries Stock Markets Response
AU  - Liu, Haiyue
AU  - Manzoor, Aqsa
AU  - Wang, Cangyu
AU  - Zhang, Lei
AU  - Manzoor, Zaira
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This paper evaluates the short-term impact of the coronavirus outbreak on 21 leading stock market indices in major affected countries including Japan, Korea, Singapore, the USA, Germany, Italy, and the UK etc. The consequences of infectious disease are considerable and have been directly affecting stock markets worldwide. Using an event study method, our results indicate that the stock markets in major affected countries and areas fell quickly after the virus outbreak. Countries in Asia experienced more negative abnormal returns as compared to other countries. Further panel fixed effect regressions also support the adverse effect of COVID-19 confirmed cases on stock indices abnormal returns through an effective channel by adding up investors&rsquo; pessimistic sentiment on future returns and fears of uncertainties.
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, Vol. 17, Page 2800
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 17
IS  - 8
PG  - 2800-2800
SP  - 2800
EP  - 2800
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/IJERPH17082800
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/8/2800
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Personal Safety during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Realities and Perspectives of Healthcare Workers in Latin America
AU  - Delgado, Diego
AU  - Quintana, Fernando Wyss
AU  - Perez, Gonzalo
AU  - Liprandi, Alvaro Sosa
AU  - Ponte-Negretti, Carlos
AU  - Mendoza, Ivan
AU  - Baranchuk, Adrian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Healthcare workers exposed to coronavirus (COVID-19) may not have adequate access to personal protective equipment (PPE), safety procedures, and diagnostic protocols. Our objective was to evaluate the reality and perceptions about personal safety among healthcare workers in Latin America. This is a cross-sectional, online survey-based study administered to 936 healthcare professionals in Latin America from 31 March 2020 to 4 April 2020. A 12-item structured questionnaire was developed. A total of 936 healthcare workers completed the online survey. Of them, 899 (95.1%) were physicians, 28 (2.9%) were nurses, and 18 (1.9%) were allied health professionals. Access to protective equipment was as follows: gel hand sanitizer (n = 889; 95%), disposable gloves (n = 853; 91.1%), disposable gowns (n = 630; 67.3%), disposable surgical masks (785; 83.9%), N95 masks (n = 516; 56.1%), and facial protective shields (n = 305; 32.6%). The vast majority (n = 707; 75.5%) had access to personal safety policies and procedures, and 699 (74.7%) participants had access to diagnostic algorithms. On a 1-to-10 Likert scale, the participants expressed limited human resources support (4.92 &plusmn; 0.2; mean &plusmn; SD), physical integrity protection in the workplace (5.5 &plusmn; 0.1; mean &plusmn; SD), and support from public health authorities (5.01 &plusmn; 0.12; mean &plusmn; SD). Healthcare workers in Latin America had limited access to essential PPE and support from healthcare authorities during the COVID-19 pandemic.
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, Vol. 17, Page 2798
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 17
IS  - 8
PG  - 2798-2798
SP  - 2798
EP  - 2798
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/IJERPH17082798
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/8/2798
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Using Social Media to Mine and Analyze Public Opinion Related to COVID-19 in China
AU  - Han, Xuehua
AU  - Wang, Juanle
AU  - Zhang, Min
AU  - Wang, Xiaojie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a grave global public health emergency. Nowadays, social media has become the main channel through which the public can obtain information and express their opinions and feelings. This study explored public opinion in the early stages of COVID-19 in China by analyzing Sina-Weibo (a Twitter-like microblogging system in China) texts in terms of space, time, and content. Temporal changes within one-hour intervals and the spatial distribution of COVID-19-related Weibo texts were analyzed. Based on the latent Dirichlet allocation model and the random forest algorithm, a topic extraction and classification model was developed to hierarchically identify seven COVID-19-relevant topics and 13 sub-topics from Weibo texts. The results indicate that the number of Weibo texts varied over time for different topics and sub-topics corresponding with the different developmental stages of the event. The spatial distribution of COVID-19-relevant Weibo was mainly concentrated in Wuhan, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, the Yangtze River Delta, the Pearl River Delta, and the Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration. There is a synchronization between frequent daily discussions on Weibo and the trend of the COVID-19 outbreak in the real world. Public response is very sensitive to the epidemic and significant social events, especially in urban agglomerations with convenient transportation and a large population. The timely dissemination and updating of epidemic-related information and the popularization of such information by the government can contribute to stabilizing public sentiments. However, the surge of public demand and the hysteresis of social support demonstrated that the allocation of medical resources was under enormous pressure in the early stage of the epidemic. It is suggested that the government should strengthen the response in terms of public opinion and epidemic prevention and exert control in key epidemic areas, urban agglomerations, and transboundary areas at the province level. In controlling the crisis, accurate response countermeasures should be formulated following public help demands. The findings can help government and emergency agencies to better understand the public opinion and sentiments towards COVID-19, to accelerate emergency responses, and to support post-disaster management.
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, Vol. 17, Page 2788
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 17
IS  - 8
PG  - 2788-2788
SP  - 2788
EP  - 2788
AN  - 
DO  - 10.3390/IJERPH17082788
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/8/2788
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Combating Devastating COVID -19 by Drug Repurposing
AU  - Pawar, Ashish Yashwantrao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 105984-105984
SP  - 105984
EP  - 105984
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105984
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0924857920301412
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Can post-exposure prophylaxis for COVID-19 be considered as one of outbreak response strategies in long-term care hospitals?
AU  - Lee, Sun Hee
AU  - Son, Hyunjin
AU  - Peck, Kyong Ran
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - ABSTRACT With ongoing global outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), management of exposure events is a concern. Long-term care hospitals (LTCHs) are especially vulnerable to cluster outbreaks, since it is difficult to find facilities and healthcare personnel for their separate isolation care in a large outbreak situation. Although several drugs have been proposed as treatment regimens, there are no data on the effectiveness and safety of post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) for COVID-19. After a large COVID-19 exposure event in a LTCH in Korea, PEP using hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) was conducted to 211 persons including 189 patients and 22 careworkers, whose baseline polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests for COVID-19 were negative. PEP was completed in 184 (97.4%) patients and 21 (95.5%) careworkers without serious adverse events. At the end of 14 days of quarantine, follow-up PCR tests were all negative. Based on our experience, further clinical studies would be conducted for COVID-19 PEP.
JO  - International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 105988-105988
SP  - 105988
EP  - 105988
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105988
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S092485792030145X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Isodeoxyelephantopin, a sesquiterpene lactone from Elephantopus scaber Linn., inhibits pro-inflammatory mediators’ production through both NF-κB and AP-1 pathways in LPS-activated macrophages
AU  - Han, Yixin
AU  - Li, Ximeng
AU  - Zhang, Xiaoyu
AU  - Gao, Yuan
AU  - Qi, Ruijuan
AU  - Cai, Runlan
AU  - Qi, Yun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Isodeoxyelephantopin (IDET) has been identified as an anti-tumor natural constituent whose anti-tumor activity and mechanism have been widely investigated. Since the occurrence and development of cancer usually accompany with inflammation, and tumor signaling shares many components with inflammation signaling, the agents with anti-tumor activity are likely to possess anti-inflammation potential. Thus, the current study aims to demonstrate the anti-inflammatory activity along with the underlying mechanism of IDET in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-primed macrophages. By using Griess method and ELISA, we found that in both bone marrow derived macrophages and alveolar macrophage cell line, IDET, at relatively low concentrations (0.75, 1.5 and 3 μM), could inhibit LPS-induced expression of various pro-inflammatory mediators including nitric oxide (NO) generated by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), interleukin (IL)-6, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and IL-1β. Meanwhile, in activated MH-S cells, the inhibitory action of IDET on mRNA expression levels of these cytokines was also detected using qPCR. Mechanistically, the effects of IDET on two key inflammatory signalings, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and activator protein-1 (AP-1) pathways, were determined in LPS-activated MH-S cells were assessed by reporter gene along with western blot assays. On the one hand, IDET suppressed NF-κB signaling via down-regulating phosphorylation and degradation of inhibitor of NF-κB (IκB)-α and the subsequent p65 nuclear translocation. On the other hand, IDET dampened AP-1 signaling through attenuating phosphorylation of both c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK). Our study indicates that IDET might be a promising constituent from the anti-inflammatory herb Elephantopus scaber Linn. in mitigating inflammatory conditions, especially respiratory inflammation.
JO  - International Immunopharmacology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 106528-106528
SP  - 106528
EP  - 106528
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106528
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1567576920305531
NS  - 
N1  - Hamsadvani Anand Kuganantham (2020-04-20 19:57:15)(Screen): Influenza research; 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Smell dysfunction: a biomarker for COVID-19
AU  - Moein, Shima T.
AU  - Hashemian, Seyed M. R.
AU  - Mansourafshar, Babak
AU  - Khorram-Tousi, Ali
AU  - Tabarsi, Payam
AU  - Doty, Richard L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19 disease, is responsible for the largest pandemic since the 1918 H1N1 influenza outbreak. The symptoms presently recognized by the World Health Organization are cough, fever, tiredness, and difficulty breathing. Patient-reported smell and taste loss has been associated with COVID-19 infection, yet no empirical olfactory testing on a cohort of COVID-19 patients has been performed. METHODS: The University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT), a well-validated 40-odorant test, was administered to 60 confirmed COVID-19 inpatients and 60 age- and sex-matched controls to assess the magnitude and frequency of their olfactory dysfunction. A mixed effects analysis of variance determined whether meaningful differences in test scores existed between the two groups and if the test scores were differentially influenced by sex. RESULTS: Fifty-nine (98%) of the 60 patients exhibited some smell dysfunction [mean (95% CI) UPSIT score: 20.98 (19.47,22.48); controls: 34.10 (33.31,34.88); p<0.0001]. Thirty-five of the 60 patients (58%) were either anosmic (15/60; 25%) or severely microsmic (20/60; 33%); 16 exhibited moderate microsmia (16/60; 27%), 8 mild microsmia (8/60; 13%), and one normosmia (1/60; 2%). Deficits were evident for all 40 UPSIT odorants. No meaningful relationships between the test scores and sex, disease severity, or comorbidities were found. CONCLUSIONS: Quantitative smell testing demonstrates that decreased smell function, but not always anosmia, is a major marker for SARS-CoV-2 infection and suggests the possibility that smell testing may help, in some cases, to identify COVID-19 patients in need of early treatment or quarantine. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
JO  - International forum of allergy & rhinology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/alr.22587
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Gastrointestinal symptoms associated with severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a pooled analysis
AU  - Henry, Brandon Michael
AU  - de Oliveira, Maria Helena Santos
AU  - Benoit, Justin
AU  - Lippi, Giuseppe
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Internal and Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s11739-020-02329-9
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11739-020-02329-9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Influenza response planning for the centers of excellence for influenza research and surveillance: Science preparedness for enhancing global health security
AU  - Moore, Kristine A.
AU  - Ostrowsky, Julia T.
AU  - Mehr, Angela J.
AU  - Osterholm, Michael T.
AU  - Committee, The Ceirs Pandemic Planning
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Background The Centers of Excellence for Influenza Research and Surveillance (CEIRS) network, funded by the US National Institutes of Health, has been operational since 2007 and is tasked with conducting research to improve understanding of influenza viruses. Recently, CEIRS developed an Influenza Response Plan (IRP) to improve science preparedness for the network. Methods Development of the IRP involved a collaborative process between project staff, CEIRS center directors or their designees, and NIAID CEIRS leadership (referred to as the Pandemic Planning Advisory Committee [PPAC]). Project staff identified and summarized the response capabilities of each center and then worked with the PPAC to identify and rank research priorities for an emergency response using a modified Delphi method. Results Key elements of the response plan include tables of response capabilities for each CEIRS center, a framework that outlines and ranks research priorities for CEIRS during an emergency situation, and an operational strategy for executing the research priorities. Conclusions The CEIRS IRP highlights the importance of enhancing science preparedness in advance of an influenza pandemic or other influenza-related zoonotic incident to ensure that research can be carried out expeditiously and effectively in emergency situations and to improve global health security.
JO  - Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/irv.12742
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/irv.12742
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Recent progress and challenges in drug development against COVID-19 coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) - an update on the status
AU  - El-Aziz, Tarek Mohamed Abd
AU  - Stockand, James D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronaviruses are a large group of viruses known to cause illnesses that vary between the common cold and more severe diseases to include severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS). A novel coronavirus was identified in December 2019 in Wuhan city, Hubei province, China. This virus represents a new strain that has not been previously identified in humans. The virus is now known as the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the resulting disease is called coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The World Health Organization (WHO) declared the novel coronavirus outbreak a global pandemic in March 2020. Despite rigorous global containment and quarantine efforts, the incidence of COVID-19 continues to rise, with more than 1,948,617 laboratory-confirmed cases and over 121,846 deaths worldwide. Currently, no specific medication is recommended to treat COVID-19 patients. However, governments and pharmaceutical companies are struggling to quickly find an effective drug to defeat the coronavirus. In the current review, we summarize the existing state of knowledge about COVID-19, available medications, and treatment options. Favilavir is an antiviral drug that is approved in Japan for common influenza treatment and is now approved to treat symptoms of COVID-19 in China. Moreover, Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, drugs used to treat malaria and arthritis, respectively, were recommended by the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China for treatment of COVID-19. Presently, chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine are under investigation by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as a treatment for COVID-19. The first COVID-19 vaccine is not expected to be ready for clinical trials before the end of the year.
JO  - Infection, Genetics and Evolution
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 104327-104327
SP  - 104327
EP  - 104327
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104327
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1567134820301581
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Therapeutic Management of COVID-19 Patients: A systematic review
AU  - Tobaiqy, Mansour
AU  - Qashqary, Mohammed
AU  - Al-Dahery, Shrooq
AU  - Mujallad, Alaa
AU  - Hershan, Almonther Abdullah
AU  - Kamal, Mohammad Azhar
AU  - Helmi, Nawal
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background SARS-CoV-2 is the causative agent of COVID-19; that has been declared a global pandemic by the WHO in 2020. The COVID-19 treatment guidelines vary in each country, and yet there is no approved therapeutic for COVID-19. Aims of the study this review aimed to report any evidence of therapeutics used for the management of COVID-19 patients in clinical practice since the emergence of the virus. Methods A systematic review protocol was developed based on PRISMA Statement. Articles for review were selected from electronic databases (Embase, Medline and Google Scholar). Readily accessible peer-reviewed, full articles in English published from December 1st , 2019 to March 26th , 2020 were included. The search terms included combinations of: COVID, SARS-COV-2, glucocorticoids, convalescent plasma, antiviral and antibacterial. There were no restrictions on the type of study design eligible for inclusion. Results As of March 26th, 2020, of the initial manuscripts identified (n=449); forty-one studies were included. These consisted of clinical trials (n=3), case reports (n=7), case series (n=10), retrospective (n=11) and prospective (n=10) observational studies. Thirty-six studies were conducted in China (88%). The most commonly reported medicine in this systematic review was corticosteroids (n=25), followed by Lopinavir (n=21) and Oseltamivir (n=16). Conclusions This is the first systematic review to date related to the therapeutics used in COVID-19 patients. Only 41 research articles on COVID-19 and therapeutics were found eligible to be included, most conducted in China. Corticosteroid therapy was found to be the most studied medicine in the literature.
JO  - Infection Prevention in Practice
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 100061-100061
SP  - 100061
EP  - 100061
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infpip.2020.100061
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590088920300251
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Experimental Investigation of Far Field Human Cough Airflows from Healthy and
AU  - Dudalski, N.
AU  - Mohamed, A.
AU  - Mubareka, S.
AU  - Bi, R.
AU  - Zhang, C.
AU  - Savory, E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract Seasonal influenza epidemics have been responsible for causing increased economic expenditures and many deaths worldwide. Evidence exists to support the claim that the virus can be spread through the air, but the relative significance of airborne transmission has not been well-defined. Particle image velocimetry (PIV) and hot-wire anemometry (HWA) measurements were conducted at 1 m away from the mouth of human subjects to develop a model for cough flow behaviour at greater distances from the mouth than were studied previously. Biological aerosol sampling was conducted to assess the risk of exposure to airborne viruses. Throughout the investigation 77 experiments were conducted from 58 different subjects. From these subjects, 21 presented with influenza like illness. Of these, 12 subjects had laboratory confirmed respiratory infections. A model was developed for the cough centre-line velocity magnitude time history. The experimental results were also used to validate computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models. The peak velocity observed at the cough jet centre, averaged across all trials was 1.2 m/s, and an average jet spread angle of ?=24° was measured, similar to that of a steady free jet. No differences were observed in the velocity or turbulence characteristics between coughs from sick, convalescent or healthy participants.
JO  - Indoor Air
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/ina.12680
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/ina.12680
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Are Surgeons in India prepared for COVID−19?
AU  - Bhattacharya, Kaushik
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Indian Journal of Surgery
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12262-020-02185-z
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12262-020-02185-z
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID 19 Outbreak: Potential of Biochemistry Speciality
AU  - Ahirwar, Ashok Kumar
AU  - Asia, Priyanka
AU  - Sakarde, Apurva
AU  - Bhardwaj, Shilpa
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s12291-020-00885-7
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12291-020-00885-7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Guillain-Barré Syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection
AU  - Virani, Ahmed
AU  - Rabold, Erica
AU  - Hanson, Taylor
AU  - Haag, Aaron
AU  - Elrufay, Rawiya
AU  - Cheema, Tariq
AU  - Balaan, Marvin
AU  - Bhanot, Nitin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - We present a case of Guillain- Barré Syndrome (GBS) in a patient with confirmed COVID-19 infection. GBS in commonly encountered after an antecedent trigger, most commonly an infection. To date, only one case of GBS associated with this infection has been described. Clinicians should consider this entity since it may warrant appropriate isolation precautions especially in a patient who may not present primarily with typical constitutional and respiratory symptoms associated with COVID-19.
JO  - IDCases
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - e00771-e00771
SP  - e00771
EP  - e00771
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idcr.2020.e00771
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214250920300792
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Persistent hiccups as an atypical presenting complaint of COVID-19
AU  - Prince, Garrett
AU  - Sergel, Michelle
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Hiccups (singultus) are reflex inspiratory movements that involve the swallowing reflex arc and can be classified as acute (<48 h) or persistent (>48 h). A 62-year-old man with no history of malignancy or pulmonary disease presented to the Emergency Department with a four-day history of persistent hiccups. Other than episodic hiccupping, his physical examination was otherwise unremarkable. An abnormal chest X-ray led to a CT scan of the chest with IV contrast, which demonstrated regional, peripheral groundglass opacities of the upper lobes with small focal groundglass opacities scattered throughout the lungs. He was tested for COVID-19 per admission protocol, started on hydroxychloroquine, his hiccups improved, and he was discharged to home after 3 days. An emergency medicine physician should keep COVID-19 on the differential and be vigilant of exposure in atypical presentations.
JO  - The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2020.04.045
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735675720302746
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Early chest computed tomography to diagnose COVID-19 from suspected patients: A multicenter retrospective study
AU  - Miao, Congliang
AU  - Jin, Mengdi
AU  - Miao, Li
AU  - Yang, Xinying
AU  - Huang, Peng
AU  - Xiong, Huanwen
AU  - Huang, Peijie
AU  - Zhao, Qi
AU  - Du, Jiang
AU  - Hong, Jiang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective The purpose of this study was to distinguish the imaging features of COVID-19 from those of other chest infectious diseases and evaluate the diagnostic value of chest CT for suspected COVID-19 patients. Methods Adult patients suspected of COVID-19 aged >18 years who underwent chest CT scans and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) tests within 14 days of symptom onset were enrolled. The enrolled patients were confirmed and grouped according to the results of the RT-PCR tests. The basic demographics, single chest CT features, and combined chest CT features were analyzed for the confirmed and nonconfirmed groups. Results A total of 130 patients were enrolled, with 54 testing positive and 76 testing negative. The typical CT imaging features of the positive group were ground glass opacities (GGOs), the crazy-paving pattern and air bronchogram. The lesions were mostly distributed bilaterally and close to the lower lungs or the pleura. When features were combined, GGOs with bilateral pulmonary distribution and GGOs with pleural distribution were more common among the positive patients, found in 31 (57.4%) and 30 patients (55.6%), respectively. The combinations were almost all statistically significant (P < .05), except for the combination of GGOs with consolidation. Most combinations presented relatively low sensitivity but extremely high specificity. The average specificity of these combinations was approximately 90%. Conclusions The combinations with GGOs could be useful in the identification and differential diagnosis of COVID-19, alerting clinicians to isolate patients for prompt treatment and repeat RT-PCR tests until the end of incubation.
JO  - The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2020.04.051
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735675720302813
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cardiovascular complications in COVID-19
AU  - Long, Brit
AU  - Brady, William J.
AU  - Koyfman, Alex
AU  - Gottlieb, Michael
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Background The coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). While systemic inflammation and pulmonary complications can result in significant morbidity and mortality, cardiovascular complications may also occur. Objective This brief report evaluates cardiovascular complications in the setting of COVID-19 infection. Discussion The current COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in over one million infected worldwide and thousands of death. The virus binds and enters through angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). COVID-19 can result in systemic inflammation, multiorgan dysfunction, and critical illness. The cardiovascular system is also affected, with complications including myocardial injury, myocarditis, acute myocardial infarction, heart failure, dysrhythmias, and venous thromboembolic events. Current therapies for COVID-19 may interact with cardiovascular medications. Conclusions Emergency clinicians should be aware of these cardiovascular complications when evaluating and managing the patient with COVID-19.
JO  - The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2020.04.048
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735675720302771
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The role of emergency medical services in containing COVID-19
AU  - Jaffe, Eli
AU  - Strugo, Refael
AU  - Bin, Eli
AU  - Blustein, Oren
AU  - Rosenblat, Ido
AU  - Alpert, Evan Avraham
AU  - Sonkin, Roman
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2020.04.023
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735675720302515
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The day after COVID-19
AU  - Grossman, Shamai A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2020.04.029
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S073567572030259X
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Acrylic window as physical barrier for Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) conservation
AU  - Gan, Connie C. R.
AU  - Yu-Chi, Tseng
AU  - Lee, Kuan- I.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2020.04.044
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735675720302734
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Protecting our healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Ehrlich, Haley
AU  - McKenney, Mark
AU  - Elkbuli, Adel
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2020.04.024
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735675720302527
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Cancer Patients
AU  - Al-Quteimat, Osama M.
AU  - Amer, Amer Mustafa
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, a novel coronavirus called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused an outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Severe complications have been reported to occur in 33% of patients with COVID-19 and include acute respiratory distress syndrome, acute renal failure, acute respiratory injury, septic shock, and severe pneumonia. Currently, there is no specific treatment or approved vaccine against COVID-19 and many clinical trials are currently investigating potential medications to treat COVID-19. The immunosuppressed status of some cancer patients (whether caused by the disease itself or the treatment) increases their risk of infection compared with the general population. This short review aims to focus on the impact of COVID-19 on a cancer patient and discuss management options and recommendation in addition to highlighting the currently available clinical guidelines and resources.
JO  - American journal of clinical oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1097/COC.0000000000000712
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Advanced forecasting of SARS-CoV-2 related deaths in Italy, Germany, Spain, and New York State
AU  - Sotgiu, Giovanni
AU  - Gerli, Giovanni A.
AU  - Centanni, Stefano
AU  - Miozzo, Monica
AU  - Canonica, G. Walter
AU  - Soriano, Joan B.
AU  - Virchow, Christian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Allergy
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1111/all.14327
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1111/all.14327
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - ASAM on buprenorphine inductions by telephone
AU  - Knopf, Alison
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The American Society of Addiction Medicine (ASAM) is providing some assistance in how to conduct telephone inductions of buprenorphine, in which new patients talk to a doctor on the phone and get a prescription for the Schedule III opioid use disorder (OUD) medication.
JO  - Alcoholism & Drug Abuse Weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 32
IS  - 16
PG  - 4-6
SP  - 4
EP  - 6
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/adaw.32694
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/adaw.32694
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Corrections
AU  - Knopf, Alison
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In the article “NAATP on telemedicine and a ‘disease of isolation’” in last week's issue (ADAW, April 13, https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/adaw.32689), quotations should have been attributed to Annie Peters, Ph.D., director of research and education at the National Association of Addiction Treatment Providers. For our lead story in last week's issue (“Sign‐on letter requests more flexibility in methadone treatment during COVID‐19,” ADAW, April 13, https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/adaw.32685), authorship of the policy letter should have been attributed solely to the Urban Survivors Union (USU), listed as one of the three lead organizations. The National Alliance for Medication Assisted Recovery was a signatory along with about 140 others and should be replaced by the USU. We regret any confusion. Publication cover image Volume32, Issue16 20 April 2020 Pages 6-6
JO  - Alcoholism & Drug Abuse Weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 32
IS  - 16
PG  - 6-6
SP  - 6
EP  - 6
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/adaw.32695
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/adaw.32695
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Levenson, former rehab CEO, on his conversion to harm reduction
AU  - Knopf, Alison
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Many people familiar with the addiction treatment field over the past few decades might be surprised to hear that Ben Levenson, the founder of 12-Step-based Origins Behavioral Healthcare in 2009, is no longer a believer in abstinence-based treatment for everyone.
JO  - Alcoholism & Drug Abuse Weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 32
IS  - 16
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/adaw.32692
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/adaw.32692
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Effects on lung, immune function offer warning for drinking in crisis
AU  - Enos, Gary
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - While it remains much too early to determine precisely how alcohol use might affect risk for or progression of COVID-19, any efforts to connect the dots from past alcohol research would suggest it wise for nondrinkers and low-risk drinkers to maintain that status during this public health crisis. It's already known that disaster can result in increased alcohol consumption based on the work of Deborah Hasin, Ph.D., after 9/11 (see ?Alcohol and isolation: Experts comment on drinking behavior during COVID-19,? ADAW March 30; https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/adaw.32670).
JO  - Alcoholism & Drug Abuse Weekly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 32
IS  - 16
PG  - 1-8
SP  - 1
EP  - 8
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/adaw.32693
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/adaw.32693
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Lung Base Findings of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) on Abdominal CT in Patients With Predominant Gastrointestinal Symptoms
AU  - Siegel, Avielle
AU  - Chang, Paul J.
AU  - Jarou, Zachary J.
AU  - Paushter, David M.
AU  - Harmath, Carla B.
AU  - Arevalo, J. Ben
AU  - Dachman, Abraham
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE. This series of patients presented to the emergency department (ED) with abdominal pain, without the respiratory symptoms typical of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), and the abdominal radiologist was the first to suggest COVID-19 infection because of findings in the lung bases on CT of the abdomen. CONCLUSION. COVID-19 infection can present primarily with abdominal symptoms, and the abdominal radiologist must suggest the diagnosis when evaluating the lung bases for typical findings.
JO  - AJR. American journal of roentgenology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2214/AJR.20.23232
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Reply to "CT Is Not a Screening Tool for Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Pneumonia"
AU  - Lin, Yueli
AU  - Zhao, Wei
AU  - Liu, Jun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - AJR. American journal of roentgenology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - W1-W1
SP  - W1
EP  - W1
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2214/AJR.20.23288
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Reply to "CT Findings of Pregnant Women With Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Pneumonia"
AU  - Li, Lin
AU  - Liu, Dehan
AU  - Yang, Lian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - AJR. American journal of roentgenology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - W1-W1
SP  - W1
EP  - W1
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2214/AJR.20.23248
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 From the Trenches: A Perspective From New York City
AU  - Gozansky, Elliott K.
AU  - Moore, William H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE. The response to coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is evolving in New York City. We would like to share our experiences, thoughts, and perspectives on coping with the pandemic. CONCLUSION. This article presents experiences that are meant to help foster discussion as the wave of COVID-19 continues. Thoughtful leadership and careful continuous communication will help us minimize anxiety and frustration during this difficult time.
JO  - AJR. American journal of roentgenology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2214/AJR.20.23302
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - CT of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Pneumonia: A Reference Standard Is Needed
AU  - Erturk, Sukru Mehmet
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - AJR. American journal of roentgenology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - W1-W1
SP  - W1
EP  - W1
AN  - 
DO  - 10.2214/AJR.20.23286
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Burden of COVID-19 in People Living with HIV: A Syndemic Perspective
AU  - Shiau, Stephanie
AU  - Krause, Kristen D.
AU  - Valera, Pamela
AU  - Swaminathan, Shobha
AU  - Halkitis, Perry N.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The emergence of the novel coronavirus disease known as COVID-19 creates another health burden for people living with HIV (PLWH) who face multiple morbidities and may be at heightened risk for severe physical health illness from COVID-19. Our abilities to address these morbidities in PLWH must be considered alongside the socially-produced burdens that both place this population at risk for COVID-19 and heighten the likelihood of adverse outcomes. These burdens can affect the physical, emotional, and social well-being of PLWH and interfere with the delivery of effective healthcare and access to HIV treatment. We posit that a syndemic framework can be used to conceptualize the potential impact of COVID-19 among PLWH to inform the development of health programming services.
JO  - AIDS and Behavior
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-6
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s10461-020-02871-9
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10461-020-02871-9
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Research in the Time of Coronavirus: Continuing Ongoing Studies in the Midst of the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Saberi, Parya
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - AIDS and Behavior
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-4
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s10461-020-02868-4
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10461-020-02868-4
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Maximizing Digital Interventions for Youth in the Midst of Covid-19: Lessons from the Adolescent Trials Network for HIV Interventions
AU  - Hightow-Weidman, Lisa
AU  - Muessig, Kate
AU  - Claude, Kristina
AU  - Roberts, Jessica
AU  - Zlotorzynska, Maria
AU  - Sanchez, Travis
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - AIDS and Behavior
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-5
SP  - 1
EP  - 5
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s10461-020-02870-w
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10461-020-02870-w
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Symptoms, Stress, and HIV-Related Care Among Older People Living with HIV During the COVID-19 Pandemic, Miami, Florida
AU  - Algarin, Angel B.
AU  - Varas-Rodríguez, Emil
AU  - Valdivia, Chelsea
AU  - Fennie, Kristopher P.
AU  - Larkey, Linda
AU  - Hu, Nan
AU  - Ibañez, Gladys E.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - AIDS and Behavior
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-3
SP  - 1
EP  - 3
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s10461-020-02869-3
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10461-020-02869-3
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: A Resident's Perspective
AU  - Bennett, Christopher
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Abstract My shifts all start the same way these last few weeks with the collection of my allocated face shield and N95. The same shifts where it feels like the only patients I treat are those with COVID-19. Faces sometimes not much older than mine. Patients who are tachycardic, hypoxic, and ill. But these interactions are different; physical exams completed under the supervision of a colleague just outside the room, charged to watch my every movement. Vigilance not just for me but for everyone else I could and would come into contact with over the course of my shift. COVID19 lingers on carboard, steel, plastic, and other surfaces. Even the simplest of acts are dangerous without appropriate precautions.
JO  - AEM Education and Training
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - n/a
IS  - n/a
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1002/aet2.10457
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/aet2.10457
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Fear in the age of COVID-19
AU  - Sindhu, Kunal K.
AU  - Gupta, Vishal
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Advances in Radiation Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adro.2020.04.006
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452109420300804
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A rapid transition to voluntary breath hold from device-assisted moderate deep inspiration breath hold for patients receiving breast radiotherapy during the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Barnett, Erin
AU  - Comsa, Daria
AU  - Zhang, Beibei
AU  - Pestill, Tyler
AU  - Bradley, Cari
AU  - Proctor, Leslie
AU  - Mohamoud, Gulaid
AU  - Ryan, Michael
AU  - Loudon, James
AU  - Fenkell, Louis
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Advances in Radiation Oncology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adro.2020.04.007
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452109420300816
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mass casualty event scenarios and political shifts: 2020 election outcomes and the U.S. COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Johnson, Andrew F.
AU  - Pollock, Wendi
AU  - Rauhaus, Beth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Administrative Theory & Praxis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-16
SP  - 1
EP  - 16
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1080/10841806.2020.1752978
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/10841806.2020.1752978
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Letter to the editor by Dobran Mauro, Paracino Riccardo, and Iacoangeli Maurizio regarding "Neurosurgery during the COVID-19 pandemic: update from Lombardy, northern Italy." Zoia C, Bongetta D, Veiceschi P, Cenzato M, Di Meco F, Locatelli D, Boeris D, Fo
AU  - Dobran, Mauro
AU  - Paracino, Riccardo
AU  - Iacoangeli, Maurizio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Acta neurochirurgica
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00701-020-04332-7
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Letter to the editor by Dobran Mauro, Paracino Riccardo, and Iacoangeli Maurizio regarding “Neurosurgery during the COVID-19 pandemic: update from Lombardy, northern Italy.” Zoia C, Bongetta D, Veiceschi P, Cenzato M, Di Meco F, Locatelli D, Boeris D, Fontanella MM. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2020 Mar 28. doi: 10.1007/s00701-020-04305-w
AU  - Dobran, Mauro
AU  - Paracino, Riccardo
AU  - Iacoangeli, Maurizio
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Acta Neurochirurgica
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 1-2
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
AN  - 
DO  - 10.1007/s00701-020-04332-7
UR  - http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00701-020-04332-7
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - DECLARACIÓN DE CONSENSO EN MEDICINA CRÍTICA PARA LA ATENCIÓN MULTIDISCIPLINARIA DEL PACIENTE CON SOSPECHA O CONFIRMACIÓN DIAGNÓSTICA DE COVID-19
AU  - Luis Accini Mendoza, José
AU  - Beltrán, Nelly
AU  - Estrada, Victor Hugo Nieto
AU  - Bolaños, Elizabeth Ramos
AU  - Gómez, Camilo Pizarro
AU  - Rebolledo M, Carlos Eduardo
AU  - Pérez, Julio Cesar Duran
AU  - Castell, Carmelo dueñas
AU  - Arias, Arturo
AU  - Barciela, Eduardo
AU  - Camargo, Rubén
AU  - Antonio Rojas, José
AU  - Polo, Yulieth Zabaleta
AU  - Pérez, María Cristina Florian
AU  - Torres, Vanesa
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Resumen El comportamiento de la infección por SARS-CoV-2 obligó a la Organización Mundial de la Salud a emitir una convocatoria global de activación de mecanismos de emergencia para atender la crisis de salud pública latente. Las Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos son uno de los principales recursos de los sistemas sanitarios dada la tasa de neumonías complicadas que presentan los pacientes infectados. En respuesta a los distintos lineamientos y diferentes niveles de evidencia de la información disponible, la Asociación Colombiana de Medicina crítica y Cuidados Intensivos (AMCI), convocó un equipo multidisciplinario de expertos en medicina crítica para establecer una declaratoria de consenso de buena práctica clínica para la atención de pacientes con COVID-19. Su objetivo es facilitar y estandarizar la toma de decisiones en los aspectos más relevantes desde la organización administrativa de las áreas de atención hasta el abordaje clínico del paciente, teniendo en cuenta la seguridad del personal sanitario, la infraestructura y recursos con los que cuenta el país para responder a la emergencia. Este documento está sujeto a la evolución del conocimiento y a los resultados de investigaciones en curso. The behaviour of the SARS-CoV-2 infection has forced World Health Organisation to call for the global activation of emergency and contingency mechanisms to respond to the world-wide public health crisis. Intensive Care Units are one of the main health care resources in this situation due to the number of expected cases of severe pneumonia from infected patients. Different guidelines and different levels of evidence from the available information have motivated Asociación Colombiana de Medicina crítica y Cuidados Intensivos (AMCI) to assemble a multidisciplinary team of experts in critical care medicine to prepare a consensus statement of good clinical practice for the care of patients with COVID-19. Its aim is to simplify and standardise decision-making in the most relevant aspects: from the administrative organisation of the care facilities, to the clinical approach of patients, taking into account the safety of health care professionals, and the infrastructure and resources available in Colombia to respond to the emergency. This document will be adapted to any new knowledge and results of on-going research.
JO  - Acta Colombiana de Cuidado Intensivo
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acci.2020.04.003
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0122726220300331
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 protection guidelines in outpatient medical imaging centers
AU  - Sedaghat, Abdolrasul
AU  - Gity, Masoumeh
AU  - Radpour, Alireza
AU  - Karimi, Mohammad Ali
AU  - Haghighatkhah, Hamid Reza
AU  - Keshavarz, Elham
AU  - Hekmatnia, Ali
AU  - Ahmadi, Mehran Arab
AU  - Taheri, Morteza Sanei
AU  - Azhideh, Arash
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Academic Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acra.2020.04.019
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1076633220302129
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Diagnosing Pulmonary Thromboembolism in COVID-19: A Stepwise Clinical and Imaging Approach
AU  - Rouhezamin, Mohammad Reza
AU  - Haseli, Sara
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Academic Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acra.2020.04.023
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1076633220302166
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 evaluation by low-dose High Resolution CT scans protocol
AU  - Radpour, Alireza
AU  - Bahrami-Motlagh, Hooman
AU  - Taaghi, Mohammad Taghi
AU  - Sedaghat, Abdolrasul
AU  - Karimi, Mohammad Ali
AU  - Hekmatnia, Ali
AU  - Haghighatkhah, Hamid-Reza
AU  - Taheri, Morteza Sanei
AU  - Arab-Ahmadi, Mehran
AU  - Azhideh, Arash
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Academic Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acra.2020.04.016
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1076633220302087
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Proposed imaging guidelines for pregnant women suspected of having COVID-19
AU  - Karimi, Mohammad Ali
AU  - Radpour, Alireza
AU  - Sedaghat, Abdolrasul
AU  - Gity, Masoumeh
AU  - Hekmatnia, Ali
AU  - Taheri, Morteza Sanei
AU  - Tarzamani, Mohammad Kazem
AU  - Ahmadi, Mehran Arab
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Academic Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acra.2020.04.018
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1076633220302105
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 3D Printed Face Shields: A Community Response to the COVID-19 Global Pandemic
AU  - Flanagan, Sarah T.
AU  - Ballard, David H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Academic Radiology
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 
DO  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acra.2020.04.020
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1076633220302130
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [CT imaging analysis of 33 cases with the 2019 novel coronavirus infection]
AU  - Liu, R. R.
AU  - Zhu, Y.
AU  - Wu, M. Y.
AU  - Liu, J.
AU  - Ren, R.
AU  - Cao, Q. L.
AU  - Shen, X. H.
AU  - Chen, G. Q.
AU  - Li, M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Objective: To explore the CT imaging features of the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection in order to summarize the imaging characteristics of the disease and improve the ability of imaging diagnosis and early diagnosis of the disease. Methods: From January 13, 2020 to January 31, 2020, a total of 33 patients with 2019-nCoV infection diagnosed and treated by Suzhou Fifth People's Hospital were analyzed retrospectively, including 20 males and 13 females, with an average age of (50+/-12) years, ranging from 20 to 70 years old. There were 3 cases of mild type, 27 cases of common type and 3 cases of severe type.There were 2 cases with hypertension, 1 case with postoperative lung,1 case with diabetes, 1 case with chronic bronchitis, and 1 case with bronchiectasis.SPSS25.0 Chi-square test was used to analyze the distribution of lesions in each lung lobe; SPSS25.0 Spearman correlation coefficient was used to analyze the image score and clinical classification. Results: There were 3 cases (9.1%) with normal lung and 30 cases (90.9%) with Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia(COVID-19) of the 2019-nCoV infected patients. In the distribution of COVID-19, 29 cases (87.9%) were involved in bilateral lung and 1 case (3.0%) in unilateral lung. There was no statistically significant difference in the distribution of lesions in each lobe. The correlation coefficient between the degree of lesion distribution and clinical classification was 0.819, and the two were highly correlated.There were 30 cases (90.9%) with subpleural lesions, 17 cases (51.5%) with central lesions. There were many kinds of lesions, 25 cases (75.8%) had ground glass density shadow, 16 cases (48.5%) had consolidation, 12 cases (36.4%) had interstitial change, and 18 cases (54.5%) had interlobular septal thickening. Among the 22 cases, 10 cases had more lesions, 6 cases had no changes and 6 cases had less lesions. Conclusion: Most of the patients with 2019-nCoV infection have pulmonary inflammation.CT manifestations include multiple parts, subpleural area or middle and lateral field of lung, ground glass shadow and consolidation, or coexistence. Some cases have pleural thickening or interlobular septal thickening. CT images can indicate the diagnosis of COVID-19 and provide important basis for early detection and disease monitoring.
JO  - Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32294858
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20200203-00182
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [An urgent call for raising the scientific rigorousness of clinical trials on COVID-19]
AU  - Chen, F.
AU  - Hao, Y. T.
AU  - Zhang, Z. J.
AU  - Tang, J. L.
AU  - Xia, J. L.
AU  - Zhan, S. Y.
AU  - Zhao, Y.
AU  - Du, Z. C.
AU  - Wei, Y. Y.
AU  - Shen, S. P.
AU  - Jiang, Q. W.
AU  - Li, L. M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32294824
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2020.03.004
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Rapid investigation plan of clinical courses and key diagnosis and treatment equipment requirements for the patients of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (COVID-19)]
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32294823
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2020.03.002
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Clinical observation on increasing the positive rate of novel coronavirus nucleic acid tests by sputum excretion induced by nebulizer therapy]
AU  - Yang, P.
AU  - Shao, F. L.
AU  - Wang, G. J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32294815
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20200212-00076
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was used to diagnose two cases of 2019-nCoV infection]
AU  - Tan, F. R.
AU  - Qiu, Y. L.
AU  - Xu, Z.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The case reports 2 cases of novel coronavirus pneumonia diagnosed by concurrent bronchoalveolar lavage in our hospital, 1 case had a history of epidemiology, clinical symptoms and high imaging suspicion, but repeated negative throat swabs. One patient was diagnosed 2019-nCoV. Before the patient was discharged, the clinical symptoms disappeared, the chest CT showed significant improvement, and the pharynx swab was twice negative, reaching the discharge standard.We detected the ORF 1ab gene, the N gene and the nucleic acid of the new coronavirus in the broncho-alveolar lavage fluid of 2 patients. The results showed that the positive rate of bronchoalveolar lavage for detection of new coronavirus nucleic acid was high, and bronchoalveolar lavage for suspected or confirmed new coronavirus pneumonia patients with negative detection of nucleic acid in pharynx swabs but still residual lung lesions was helpful for early diagnosis, treatment and prognosis.
JO  - Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32294816
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20200224-00167
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [What we learned from SARS may provide important insights into understanding and management of coronavirus disease 2019]
AU  - Liu, Y. J.
AU  - Yang, Y. L.
AU  - Xu, Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The rapid spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a global threat. But the pathogenesis and treatment of the disease are not clear yet. Virological researches revealed close relationship between 2019-nCoV and SARS-CoV. The experience and knowledge we gained from severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), especially with regard to the time course of viral replication, host immune response and clinical progression of the patient, may provide important insights into understanding and management of COVID-19. Clinical deterioration accompanied by decreasing viral load in the second week after symptom onset was noted both in SARS and COVID-19, suggesting that the lung damage at this phase is more related to excessive host immune response rather than uncontrolled viral replication.
JO  - Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32294817
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20200218-00119
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [The keypoints in treatment of the critical coronavirus disease 2019 patient(2)]
AU  - Li, X. Y.
AU  - Du, B.
AU  - Wang, Y. S.
AU  - Kang, H. Y. J.
AU  - Wang, F.
AU  - Sun, B.
AU  - Qiu, H. B.
AU  - Tong, Z. H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The treatment of critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) faces compelling challenges. In this issue, we'd like to share our first-line treatment experience in treating COVID-19. Hemodynamics need be closely monitored and different types of shock should be distinguished. Vasoconstrictor drugs should be used rationally and alerting of complications is of the same importance. The risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) needs to be assessed, and effective prevention should be carried out for high-risk patients. It is necessary to consider the possibility of pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) in patients with sudden onset of oxygenation deterioration, respiratory distress, reduced blood pressure. However, comprehensive analysis of disease state should be taken into the interpretation of abnormally elevated D-Dimer. Nutritional support is the basis of treatment. It's important to establish individual therapy regimens and to evaluate, monitor and adjust dynamically. Under the current epidemic situation, convalescent plasma can only be used empirically, indications need to be strictly screened, the blood transfusion process should be closely monitored and the curative effect should be dynamically evaluated.
JO  - Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32294811
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20200224-00159
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Diagnosis and treatment of disease 2019 novel coronavirus infection suitable for Military support Hubei medical team]
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32294812
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20200224-00172
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Recommendations for respiratory rehabilitation of coronavirus disease 2019 in adult]
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - COVID-19 is a highly infectious respiratory infection disease, which leads to dysfunction of respiratory, physical, and psychological of the patients. pulmonary rehabilitation is an important intervention for clinical patients as well as cure patients. With the deeper cognition of COVID-19 and accumulation of clinical experience, we proposed the recommendations for pulmonary rehabilitation of COVID-19 in adults based on the opinions of front-line clinical experts involved in the management of this epidemic and a review of the relevant literature and evidences: (1)for the inpatients with COVID-19, pulmonary rehabilitation would relieve the symptoms of dyspnea, anxiety, and depression; eventually improve physical function and the quality of life; (2)For severe/critical inpatients, the early performance of pulmonary rehabilitation is not suggested. (3)For isolating patients, the pulmonary rehabilitation guidence should be conducted through education video, instruction manual or remote consultation. (4)Assessment and monitor should be performed throughout the entire pulmonary rehabilitation process.(5)Taking proper grading protection following the guideline. These recommendations can serve as a clinical practice guidence and basis for pulmonary rehabilitation of COVID-19.
JO  - Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32294814
DO  - 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20200228-00206
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Appropriate Use of Testing for COVID-19
AU  - Zitek, Tony
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Many public officials are calling for increased testing for the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), and some governments have taken extraordinary measures to increase the availability of testing. However, little has been published about the sensitivity and specificity of the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) nasopharyngeal swabs that are commonly used for testing. This narrative review evaluates the literature regarding the accuracy of these tests, and makes recommendations based on this literature. In brief, a negative RT-PCR nasopharyngeal swab test is insufficient to rule out COVID-19. Thus, over-reliance on the results of the test may be dangerous, and the push for widespread testing may be overstated.
JO  - West J Emerg Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32302278
DO  - 10.5811/westjem.2020.4.47370
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Sex- and Gender-specific Observations and Implications for COVID-19
AU  - Walter, Lauren A.
AU  - McGregor, Alyson J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - West J Emerg Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32302282
DO  - 10.5811/westjem.2020.4.47536
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Assessment of the Angolan (CHERRT) Mobile Laboratory Curriculum for Disaster and Pandemic Response
AU  - Owens, Michael D.
AU  - Lloyd, Michael L.
AU  - Brady, Tyler M.
AU  - Gross, Robin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - INTRODUCTION: As of April 5, 2020, the World Health Organization reported over one million confirmed cases and more than 62,000 confirmed coronavirus (COVID-19) deaths affecting 204 countries/regions. The lack of COVID-19 testing capacity threatens the ability of both the United States (US) and low middle income countries (LMIC) to respond to this growing threat, The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness through participant self-assessment of a rapid response team (RRT) mobile laboratory curriculum METHODS: We conducted a pre and post survey for the purpose of a process improvement assessment in Angola, involving 32 individuals. The survey was performed before and after a 14-day training workshop held in Luanda, Angola, in December 2019. A paired t-test was used to identify any significant change on six 7-point Likert scale questions with alpha< 0.05 (95% confidence interval). RESULTS: All six of the questions - 1) "I feel confident managing a real laboratory sample test for Ebola or other highly contagious sample;" 2) "I feel safe working in the lab environment during a real scenario;" 3) "I feel as if I can appropriately manage a potentially highly contagious laboratory sample;" 4)"I feel that I can interpret a positive or negative sample during a suspected contagious outbreak;" 5) "I understand basic Biobubble/mobile laboratory concepts and procedures;" and 6) "I understand polymerase chain reaction (PCR) principles" - showed statistical significant change pre and post training. Additionally, the final two questions - "I can more effectively perform my role/position because of the training I received during this course;" and "This training was valuable" - received high scores on the Likert scale. CONCLUSION: This Angolan RRT mobile laboratory training curriculum provides the nation of Angola with the confidence to rapidly respond and test at the national level a highly infectious contagion in the region and perform on-scene diagnostics. This mobile RRT laboratory provides a mobile and rapid diagnostic resource when epidemic/pandemic resource allocation may need to be prioritized based on confirmed disease prevalence.
JO  - West J Emerg Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32302277
DO  - 10.5811/westjem.2020.4.47385
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Paradigm Shift for COVID-19 Response: Identifying High-risk Individuals and Treating Inflammation
AU  - Kivela, Paul
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - West J Emerg Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32302283
DO  - 10.5811/westjem.2020.3.47520
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Addressing Challenges in Obtaining Emergency Medicine Away Rotations and Standardized Letters of Evaluation Due to COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Katirji, Linda
AU  - Smith, Liza
AU  - Pelletier-Bui, Alexis
AU  - Hillman, Emily
AU  - Zhang, Xiao Chi
AU  - Pasirstein, Michael
AU  - Olaf, Mark
AU  - Shaw, Jazmyn
AU  - Franzen, Douglas
AU  - Ren, Ronnie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - West J Emerg Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32302281
DO  - 10.5811/westjem.2020.3.47444
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Healthcare Ethics During a Pandemic
AU  - Iserson, Kenneth V.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As clinicians and support personnel struggle with their responsibilities to treat during the current COVID-19 pandemic, several ethical issues have emerged. Will healthcare workers and support staff fulfill their duty to treat in the face of high risks? Will institutional and government leaders at all levels do the right things to help alleviate healthcare workers risks and fears? Will physicians be willing to make hard, resource-allocation decisions if they cannot first husband or improvise alternatives?With our healthcare facilities and governments unprepared for this inevitable disaster, front-line doctors, advanced providers, nurses, EMS, and support personnel struggle with acute shortages of equipment-both to treat patients and protect themselves. With their personal and possibly their family's lives and health at risk, they must weigh the option of continuing to work or retreat to safety. This decision, made daily, is based on professional and personal values, how they perceive existing risks-including available protective measures, and their perception of the level and transparency of information they receive. Often, while clinicians get this information, support personnel do not, leading to absenteeism and deteriorating healthcare services. Leadership can use good risk communication (complete, widely transmitted, and transparent) to align healthcare workers' risk perceptions with reality. They also can address the common problems healthcare workers must overcome to continue working (ie, risk mitigation techniques). Physicians, if they cannot sufficiently husband or improvise lifesaving resources, will have to face difficult triage decisions. Ideally, they will use a predetermined plan, probably based on the principles of Utilitarianism (maximizing the greatest good) and derived from professional and community input. Unfortunately, none of these plans is optimal.
JO  - West J Emerg Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32302284
DO  - 10.5811/westjem.2020.4.47549
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Alternative Care Sites: An Option in Disasters
AU  - Iserson, Kenneth V.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - During the current COVID-19 pandemic, the limited surge capacity of the healthcare system is being quickly overwhelmed. Similar scenarios play out when an institution's systems fail, or when local or regional disasters occur. In these situations, it becomes necessary to use one or more alternative care sites (ACS). Situated in a variety of non-healthcare structures, ACS may be used for ambulatory, acute, subacute, or chronic care. Developing alternative care facilities is the disaster-planning step that moves communities from talking to doing. This commitment pays real dividends if a disaster of any magnitude strikes. This paper discusses the basic criteria for selecting, establishing and ultimately closing an ACS, difficulties of administration, staffing, security, and providing basic supplies and equipment.
JO  - West J Emerg Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32302285
DO  - 10.5811/westjem.2020.4.47552
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Augmenting the Disaster Healthcare Workforce
AU  - Iserson, Kenneth V.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In disasters such as the COVID-19 pandemic, we need to use all available resources to bolster our healthcare workforce. Many factors go into this process, including selecting the groups of professionals we will need, streamlining their licensing and credentialing processes, identifying appropriate roles for them, and supporting their health and well-being. The questions we must answer are these: How many staff will we need? How do we provide them with emergency licenses and credentials to practice? What interstate licensing compacts and registration systems exist to facilitate the process? What caveats are there to using retired healthcare professionals and healthcare students? How can we best avoid attrition among and increase the numbers of international medical graduates? Which non-clinical volunteers can we use and in what capacities? The answers to these questions will change as the crisis develops, although the earlier we address them, the smoother will be the process of using augmentees for the healthcare system.
JO  - West J Emerg Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32302286
DO  - 10.5811/westjem.2020.4.47553
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Brief Summary of Potential SARS-CoV-2 Prophylactic and Treatment Drugs in the Emergency Department
AU  - Brown, Cortlyn
AU  - Noble, Jeanne
AU  - Coralic, Zlatan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As of March 30(th), 2020 there were 161,807 total cases and 2,953 total deaths of SARS-CoV-2 in the United States, with the number of cases expected to rise. Other than supportive care, there are no SARS-CoV-2 specific treatments available for patients discharged from the emergency department (ED) or those admitted to the hospital. In addition, there are no vaccines available to protect our at-risk healthcare workers. The National Institutes of Health is conducting a Phase 1 clinical trial to evaluate for a potential vaccine and the recipients have started to receive the investigational vaccine.(2) We present a brief overview of the potential prophylactic and treatment agents under investigation, some which could be initiated in the ED if proven effective.
JO  - West J Emerg Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32302280
DO  - 10.5811/westjem.2020.3.47328
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - 15 Smartphone Apps for Older Adults to Use While in Isolation During the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Banskota, Swechya
AU  - Healy, Margaret
AU  - Goldberg, Elizabeth M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The maintenance of well-being, healthcare, and social connection is crucial for older adults (OA) and has become a topic of debate as much of the world faces lockdown during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. OAs have been advised to isolate themselves because they are at higher risk for developing serious complications from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus. Additionally, nursing homes and assisted-living facilities across the country have closed their doors to visitors to protect their residents. Mobile technology such as applications (apps) could provide a valuable tool to help families stay connected, and to help OAs maintain mobility and link them to resources that encourage physical and mental well-being. Apps could address cognitive, visual, and hearing impairments. Our objective was to narratively summarize 15 apps that address physical and cognitive limitations and have the potential to improve OAs' quality of life, especially during social distancing or self-quarantine.
JO  - West J Emerg Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32302279
DO  - 10.5811/westjem.2020.4.47372
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Correlation Between Relative Nasopharyngeal Virus RNA Load and Lymphocyte Count Disease Severity in Patients with COVID-19
AU  - Liu, Yang
AU  - Liao, Wenjian
AU  - Wan, Lagen
AU  - Xiang, Tianxing
AU  - Zhang, Wei
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The aim of this study was to analyze the correlation between dynamic changes in the nasopharyngeal viral load of patients infected with the new coronavirus causing pneumonia and lymphocyte count disease severity. Cases newly diagnosed with COVID-19 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from January 2020 to February 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to determine severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) from throat swab sample DeltaCT values; lymphocyte and lymphocyte subset counts, coagulation system factor levels, myocardial injury indexes, and laboratory biochemical indicators were compared between the mild group and the severe group. The correlation between the relative load of nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 RNA and severe disease symptoms was analyzed. Of the 76 patients, 49 were male and 27 were female. The lymphocyte, CD4(+) T lymphocyte, and CD8(+) T lymphocyte counts all differed significantly between the two groups (p < 0.001), as did differences in interleukin (IL)-2R, IL-6, and IL-8 levels (p = 0.022, 0.026, and 0.012, respectively). Moreover, there were significant differences in prothrombin time, D-dimer, and fibrinogen levels between the mild group and the severe group (p = 0.029, 0.006, and <0.001, respectively), and in lactate dehydrogenase and troponin (p < 0.001 and p = 0.007, respectively). SARS-CoV-2 RNA load and lymphocyte count, CD4(+) T lymphocyte count, and CD8(+) T lymphocyte count were linearly negatively correlated (p < 0.001). SARS-CoV-2 RNA load was positively correlated with IL-2R, prothrombin time, lactate dehydrogenase, and hypersensitive troponin T (p = 0.002, p = 0.009, and p < 0.001, respectively). In addition, the time that it took for the nucleic acid test to turn negative was significantly shorter for patients in the mild group than for those in the severe group (Z = -6.713, p < 0.001). In conclusion, relative SARS-CoV-2 RNA load in the nasopharynx is closely related to COVID-19 severity. If the relative RNA load was higher, the lymphocyte count was lower, organ damage was greater, and the time it took for the nucleic acid test to turn negative was longer.
JO  - Viral Immunol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32297828
DO  - 10.1089/vim.2020.0062
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Urology in the corona-virus pandemic-a guideline 4/20]
AU  - Kriegmair, M. C.
AU  - Kowalewski, K. F.
AU  - Lange, B.
AU  - Heininger, A.
AU  - Speck, T.
AU  - Haas, H.
AU  - Michel, M. S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The coronavirus pandemic is a major challenge for healthcare systems worldwide. For urology, the expansion of the health-care structures for the treatment of patients suffering from COVID-19 should be supported as best as possible. At the same time, one should aim to ensure adequate care for urological emergencies and urgent urological treatments as far as possible, even during the pandemic. For this, patients must be prioritized individually, alternative therapy concepts must be considered and regional and supraregional cooperation must be used. Outpatient departments are of great importance in the care, examination and coordination of urological emergencies and urgent treatment. Urological clinics must prepare themselves to perform urgent operations and interventions on SARS-CoV2-positive patients. Here, the creation of a separate, appropriately equipped emergency operating room to perform operations and interventions on SARS-CoV2 patients should be considered. Furthermore strictly defined hygiene measures to protect employees in various clinical scenarios should be set up.
JO  - Urologe A
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32296888
DO  - 10.1007/s00120-020-01200-1
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - What do urologists need to know: Diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up during COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Ho, Hui Ching
AU  - Hughes, Thomas
AU  - Bozlu, Murat
AU  - Kadioglu, Ates
AU  - Somani, Bhaskar K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease which is caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It has had unprecedented effect on healthcare systems globally with severe impact on every specialist service within the hospital including urology. While it affects the respiratory system causing symptoms ranging from fever, cough, dyspnea, diarrhea, nausea, myalgia and fatigue, it eventually causes pneumonia and respiratory distress needing oxygenation and ventilation. Laboratory diagnosis is required to confirm the diagnosis of COVID-19. Radiological changes are seen on chest XR or CT scan of patients. The surge in patients affected by the disease has led to extreme pressures on healthcare systems by the overwhelming number of critically unwell patients. This scenario has presented challenges to maintain other emergency and essential services. Reallocation of staff, wards and equipment has resulted in cancellations of many surgical procedures, requiring urologists to select only the most essential or critical procedures. The outpatient face-to-face clinics are also cancelled or changed to telephone or video consultations. In some hospitals, urologists are required to work outside of their usual scope of practice helping their respiratory and intensive care unit (ICU) colleagues. The pandemic is disrupting training and education opportunities for junior medical staff. In this review we provide guidance on the diagnosis and management of COVID-19, the influence it has on urological practice and consider the long-term implications that may be of consequence for years to come.
JO  - Turk J Urol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32301692
DO  - 10.5152/tud.2020.20119
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Case Report: A Kidney Transplant Patient with Mild COVID-19
AU  - Arpali, Emre
AU  - Akyollu, Basak
AU  - Yelken, Berna
AU  - Tekin, Suda
AU  - Turkmen, Aydin
AU  - Kocak, Burak
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is currently a pandemic with a mortality rate of 1-6% in the general population. However, the mortality rate seems to be significantly higher in elderly patients, especially those hospitalized with comorbidities, such as hypertension, diabetes, or coronary artery diseases. Because viral diseases may have atypical presentations in immunosuppressed patients, the course of the disease in the transplant patient population is unknown. Hence, the management of these patients with COVID-19 is an area of interest, and a unique approach is warranted. Here, we report the clinical features and our treatment approach for a kidney transplant patient with a diagnosis of COVID-19. We believe that screening protocols for SARS-Cov-2 should be re-evaluated in patients with solid-organ transplants.
JO  - Transpl Infect Dis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32301198
DO  - 10.1111/tid.13296
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pharmacologic treatment of transplant recipients infected with SARS-CoV-2: considerations regarding therapeutic drug monitoring and drug-drug interactions
AU  - Elens, Laure
AU  - Langman, Loralie J.
AU  - Hesselink, Dennis A.
AU  - Bergan, Stein
AU  - Moes, Dirk Jan A. R.
AU  - Molinaro, Mariadelfina
AU  - Venkataramanan, Raman
AU  - Lemaitre, Florian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: COVID-19 is a novel infectious disease caused by the severe acute respiratory distress (SARS)-corona virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Several therapeutic options are currently emerging but none with universal consensus or proven efficacy. Solid organ transplant recipients are perceived to be at increased risk of severe COVID-19 because of their immunosuppressed conditions due to chronic use of immunosuppressive drugs. It is therefore likely that solid organ transplant recipients will be treated with these experimental antivirals. METHODS: This article is not intended to provide a systematic literature review on investigational treatments tested against COVID-19; rather, the authors aim to provide recommendations for therapeutic drug monitoring of immunosuppressive drugs in transplant recipients infected with SARS-CoV-2 based on a review of existing data in the literature. RESULTS: Management of drug-drug interactions between investigational anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs and immunosuppressants is a complex task for the clinician. Adequate immunosuppression is necessary to prevent graft rejection while, if critically ill, the patient may benefit from pharmacotherapeutic interventions directed at limiting SARS-CoV-2 viral replication. Maintaining immunosuppressive drug concentrations within the desired therapeutic range requires a highly individualized approach that is complicated by the pandemic context and lack of hindsight. CONCLUSIONS: With the present manuscript, the authors inform the clinician about the potential interactions of experimental COVID-19 treatments with immunosuppressive drugs used in transplantation. Recommendations regarding therapeutic drug monitoring and dose adjustments in the context of COVID-19 are provided.
JO  - Ther Drug Monit
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32304488
DO  - 10.1097/FTD.0000000000000761
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Is antibody-dependent enhancement playing a role in COVID-19 pathogenesis?
AU  - Negro, Francesco
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Swiss Med Wkly
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32298458
DO  - 10.4414/smw.2020.20249
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Association between population migration and epidemic control of Coronavirus disease 2019
AU  - Ding, Yu
AU  - Luo, Sihui
AU  - Zheng, Xueying
AU  - Ling, Ping
AU  - Yue, Tong
AU  - Liu, Zhirong
AU  - Weng, Jianping
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Sci China Life Sci
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32303965
DO  - 10.1007/s11427-020-1695-5
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 and Working Conditions in Health Care
AU  - Theorell, Tores
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Psychother Psychosom
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32299083
DO  - 10.1159/000507765
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Pandemic and Impending Global Mental Health Implications
AU  - Shuja, Kanwar Hamza
AU  - Aqeel, Muhammad
AU  - Jaffar, Abbas
AU  - Ahmed, Ammar
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The increase in organisms transference and infectious pandemics across the globe have been accelerated by an increase in travel, international exchange and global changes in earth's climate. COVID-19, a virus caused by the novel coronavirus that was initially identified on December 2019, in Wuhan city of China is currently affecting 146 territories, states and countries raising distress, panic and increasing anxiety in individuals exposed to the (actual or supposed) peril of the virus across the globe. Fundamentally, these concerns ascend with all infections, including those of flu and other agents, and the same worldwide safeguards are compulsory and suggested for protection and the prevention of further diffusion. However, media has underlined COVID-19 as rather an exclusive threat, which has added to panic and stress in masses which can lead to several mental health issues like anxiety, obsessive compulsive disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder which should be contained immediately in its initial phases.
JO  - Psychiatr Danub
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32303027
DO  - 10.24869/psyd.2020.32
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Crisis Psychodrama in the Era of COVID-19
AU  - Mindoljevic Drakulic, Aleksandra
AU  - Radman, Vivijana
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This work gives an overview of the methods of scenic expression which can be used to help cope with the crisis caused by the global threat of the coronavirus pandemic. The virus is new, the vaccine has not been developed yet and there are no unified prevention and post-prevention policies. In the following lines some modified elements of psychodrama interventions are presented including the ways of preventing the retraumatization of the patient (protagonist). This can be achieved by conscious reliving of the trauma and by activating new, transformative roles to guide the protagonist on his way to recovery.
JO  - Psychiatr Danub
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32303025
DO  - 10.24869/psyd.2020.22
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Importance of Psychodynamic Approach during COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Marcinko, Darko
AU  - Jakovljevic, Miro
AU  - Jaksic, Nenad
AU  - Bjedov, Sarah
AU  - Mindoljevic Drakulic, Aleksandra
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak was labeled a global pandemic by the WHO in March of 2020. Understanding how crisis influence an individual's reactions to stressful events (and vice versa) is important in order to create meaningful and effective interventions. Our literature search have revealed lack of the papers related to psychodynamic approach to recent crisis. Psychodynamic places a large emphasis on defense mechanisms and unconscious mind, where upsetting feelings, urges, and thoughts that are too painful for us to directly look at are housed. Even though these painful feelings and thoughts are outside of our awareness, they still influence our behavior in many ways. Optimal application of psychodynamic approach offers the frame for acceptance of psychological stress in a more positive way and benefits psychological growth. We believe that including psychodynamic approach in the national public and mental health emergency system will empower Croatia and the world during (and after) COVID-19 pandemic crisis.
JO  - Psychiatr Danub
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32303024
DO  - 10.24869/psyd.2020.15
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Pandemia and Public and Global Mental Health from the Perspective of Global Health Securit
AU  - Jakovljevic, Miro
AU  - Bjedov, Sarah
AU  - Jaksic, Nenad
AU  - Jakovljevic, Ivan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic emerged in Wuhan, China and has spread all over the world and has caused huge threats to health and lives. It has affected different frontiers of lives and induced many psychiatric individual and collective problems such as panic, anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorders, suspiciousness, infodemia, cacophony, xenophobia, racisms, etc. The COVID-19 outbreak has induced public and global mental health crisis as well as a huge psycho-social experiment. Psychiatry and other mental health sciences can play very useful role in supporting the well-being of COVID-19 patients and their families, healthcare personnel and the society. For successful fighting with present and future pandemics we have to learn more about psychiatric and psychological aspects of COVID-19 from the perspectives of public and global mental health.
JO  - Psychiatr Danub
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32303023
DO  - 10.24869/psyd.2020.6
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Crisis as a Collective Hero's Journey to Better Public and Global Mental Health
AU  - Jakovljevic, Miro
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Psychiatr Danub
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32303022
DO  - 10.24869/psyd.2020.3
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Impact of Human Disasters and COVID-19 Pandemic on Mental Health: Potential of Digital Psychiatry
AU  - Cosic, Kresimir
AU  - Popovic, Sinisa
AU  - Sarlija, Marko
AU  - Kesedzic, Ivan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Deep emotional traumas in societies overwhelmed by large-scale human disasters, like, global pandemic diseases, natural disasters, man-made tragedies, war conflicts, social crises, etc., can cause massive stress-related disorders. Motivated by the ongoing global coronavirus pandemic, the article provides an overview of scientific evidence regarding adverse impact of diverse human disasters on mental health in afflicted groups and societies. Following this broader context, psychosocial impact of COVID-19 as a specific global human disaster is presented, with an emphasis on disturbing mental health aspects of the ongoing pandemic. Limited resources of mental health services in a number of countries around the world are illustrated, which will be further stretched by the forthcoming increase in demand for mental health services due to the global COVID-19 pandemic. Mental health challenges are particularly important for the Republic of Croatia in the current situation, due to disturbing stress of the 2020 Zagreb earthquake and the high pre-pandemic prevalence of chronic Homeland-War-related posttraumatic stress disorders. Comprehensive approach based on digital psychiatry is proposed to address the lack of access to psychiatric services, which includes artificial intelligence, telepsychiatry and an array of new technologies, like internet-based computer-aided mental health tools and services. These tools and means should be utilized as an important part of the whole package of measures to mitigate negative mental health effects of the global coronavirus pandemic. Our scientific and engineering experiences in the design and development of digital tools and means in mitigation of stress-related disorders and assessment of stress resilience are presented. Croatian initiative on enhancement of interdisciplinary research of psychiatrists, psychologists and computer scientists on the national and EU level is important in addressing pressing mental health concerns related to the ongoing pandemic and similar human disasters.
JO  - Psychiatr Danub
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32303026
DO  - 10.24869/psyd.2020.25
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Demographic science aids in understanding the spread and fatality rates of COVID-19
AU  - Dowd, Jennifer Beam
AU  - Andriano, Liliana
AU  - Brazel, David M.
AU  - Rotondi, Valentina
AU  - Block, Per
AU  - Ding, Xuejie
AU  - Liu, Yan
AU  - Mills, Melinda C.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Governments around the world must rapidly mobilize and make difficult policy decisions to mitigate the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Because deaths have been concentrated at older ages, we highlight the important role of demography, particularly, how the age structure of a population may help explain differences in fatality rates across countries and how transmission unfolds. We examine the role of age structure in deaths thus far in Italy and South Korea and illustrate how the pandemic could unfold in populations with similar population sizes but different age structures, showing a dramatically higher burden of mortality in countries with older versus younger populations. This powerful interaction of demography and current age-specific mortality for COVID-19 suggests that social distancing and other policies to slow transmission should consider the age composition of local and national contexts as well as intergenerational interactions. We also call for countries to provide case and fatality data disaggregated by age and sex to improve real-time targeted forecasting of hospitalization and critical care needs.
JO  - Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32300018
DO  - 10.1073/pnas.2004911117
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 pandemic in India: challenges and silver linings
AU  - Kamath, Sagarika
AU  - Kamath, Rajesh
AU  - Salins, Prajwal
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Postgrad Med J
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32300058
DO  - 10.1136/postgradmedj-2020-137780
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 expression of maternal-fetal interface and fetal organs by single-cell transcriptome study
AU  - Li, Mengmeng
AU  - Chen, Liang
AU  - Zhang, Jingxiao
AU  - Xiong, Chenglong
AU  - Li, Xiangjie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The new type of pneumonia caused by the SARS-CoV-2 (Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) has been declared as a global public health concern by WHO. As of April 3, 2020, more than 1,000,000 human infections have been diagnosed around the world, which exhibited apparent person-to-person transmission characteristics of this virus. The capacity of vertical transmission in SARS-CoV-2 remains controversial recently. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is now confirmed as the receptor of SARS-CoV-2 and plays essential roles in human infection and transmission. In present study, we collected the online available single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data to evaluate the cell specific expression of ACE2 in maternal-fetal interface as well as in multiple fetal organs. Our results revealed that ACE2 was highly expressed in maternal-fetal interface cells including stromal cells and perivascular cells of decidua, and cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast in placenta. Meanwhile, ACE2 was also expressed in specific cell types of human fetal heart, liver and lung, but not in kidney. And in a study containing series fetal and post-natal mouse lung, we observed ACE2 was dynamically changed over the time, and ACE2 was extremely high in neonatal mice at post-natal day 1~3. In summary, this study revealed that the SARS-CoV-2 receptor was widely spread in specific cell types of maternal-fetal interface and fetal organs. And thus, both the vertical transmission and the placenta dysfunction/abortion caused by SARS-CoV-2 need to be further carefully investigated in clinical practice.
JO  - PLoS One
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32298273
DO  - 10.1371/journal.pone.0230295
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mental health problems and social media exposure during COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Gao, Junling
AU  - Zheng, Pinpin
AU  - Jia, Yingnan
AU  - Chen, Hao
AU  - Mao, Yimeng
AU  - Chen, Suhong
AU  - Wang, Yi
AU  - Fu, Hua
AU  - Dai, Junming
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Huge citizens expose to social media during a novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbroke in Wuhan, China. We assess the prevalence of mental health problems and examine their association with social media exposure. A cross-sectional study among Chinese citizens aged>/=18 years old was conducted during Jan 31 to Feb 2, 2020. Online survey was used to do rapid assessment. Total of 4872 participants from 31 provinces and autonomous regions were involved in the current study. Besides demographics and social media exposure (SME), depression was assessed by The Chinese version of WHO-Five Well-Being Index (WHO-5) and anxiety was assessed by Chinese version of generalized anxiety disorder scale (GAD-7). multivariable logistic regressions were used to identify associations between social media exposure with mental health problems after controlling for covariates. The prevalence of depression, anxiety and combination of depression and anxiety (CDA) was 48.3% (95%CI: 46.9%-49.7%), 22.6% (95%CI: 21.4%-23.8%) and 19.4% (95%CI: 18.3%-20.6%) during COVID-19 outbroke in Wuhan, China. More than 80% (95%CI:80.9%-83.1%) of participants reported frequently exposed to social media. After controlling for covariates, frequently SME was positively associated with high odds of anxiety (OR = 1.72, 95%CI: 1.31-2.26) and CDA (OR = 1.91, 95%CI: 1.52-2.41) compared with less SME. Our findings show there are high prevalence of mental health problems, which positively associated with frequently SME during the COVID-19 outbreak. These findings implicated the government need pay more attention to mental health problems, especially depression and anxiety among general population and combating with "infodemic" while combating during public health emergency.
JO  - PLoS One
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32298385
DO  - 10.1371/journal.pone.0231924
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Optical techniques for fast screening - towards prevention of the coronavirus COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - de Carvalho, Luis Felipe das Chagas E. Silva
AU  - Nogueira, Marcelo Saito
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32304912
DO  - 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.101765
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 vaccination clinical trials should consider multiple doses of BCG
AU  - Ayoub, B. M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Pharmazie
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32295694
DO  - 10.1691/ph.2020.0444
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Angiotensin Receptor Blockers and 2019-nCoV
AU  - Saavedra, Juan M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs) exhibit major pleiotropic protecting effects beyond their antihypertensive properties, including reduction of inflammation. ARBs directly protect the lung from the severe acute respiratory syndrome as a result of viral infections, including those from coronavirus. The protective effect of ACE2 is enhanced by ARB administration. For these reasons ARB therapy must be continued for patients affected by hypertension, diabetes and renal disease, comorbidities of the current 2019-nCoV pandemic. Controlled clinical studies should be conducted to determine whether ARBs may be included as additional therapy for 2019-nCoV patients.
JO  - Pharmacol Res
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32304747
DO  - 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104832
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Physiological and pathological regulation of ACE2, the SARS-CoV-2 receptor
AU  - Li, Yanwei
AU  - Zhou, Wei
AU  - Yang, Li
AU  - You, Ran
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is crucial for the physiology and pathology of all the organs. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) maintains the homeostasis of RAS as a negative regulator. Recently, ACE2 was identified as the receptor of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the coronavirus that is causing the pandemic of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Since SARS-CoV-2 must bind with ACE2 before entering the host cells in humans, the distribution and expression of ACE2 may be critical for the target organ of the SARS-CoV-2 infection. Moreover, accumulating evidence has demonstrated the implication of ACE2 in the pathological progression in tissue injury and several chronic diseases, ACE2 may also be essential in the progression and clinical outcomes of COVID-19. Therefore, we summarized the expression and activity of ACE2 in various physiological and pathological conditions, and discussed its potential implication in the susceptibility of SARS-CoV-2 infection and the progression and prognosis of COVID-19 patients in the current review.
JO  - Pharmacol Res
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32302706
DO  - 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104833
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Could IL-17 represent a new therapeutic target for the treatment and/or management of COVID-19-related respiratory syndrome?: This paper is dedicated to Sofia Maione born during COVID-19 outbreak
AU  - Casillo, Gian Marco
AU  - Mansour, Adel Abo
AU  - Raucci, Federica
AU  - Saviano, Anella
AU  - Mascolo, Nicola
AU  - Jilani Iqbal, Asif
AU  - Maione, Francesco
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Pharmacol Res
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32302707
DO  - 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104791
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Author Correction: A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China
AU  - Wu, Fan
AU  - Zhao, Su
AU  - Yu, Bin
AU  - Chen, Yan-Mei
AU  - Wang, Wen
AU  - Song, Zhi-Gang
AU  - Hu, Yi
AU  - Tao, Zhao-Wu
AU  - Tian, Jun-Hua
AU  - Pei, Yuan-Yuan
AU  - Yuan, Ming-Li
AU  - Zhang, Yu-Ling
AU  - Dai, Fa-Hui
AU  - Liu, Yi
AU  - Wang, Qi-Min
AU  - Zheng, Jiao-Jiao
AU  - Xu, Lin
AU  - Holmes, Edward C.
AU  - Zhang, Yong-Zhen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32296181
DO  - 10.1038/s41586-020-2202-3
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Two known therapies could be useful as adjuvant therapy in critical patients infected by COVID-19
AU  - Hernandez, A.
AU  - Papadakos, P. J.
AU  - Torres, A.
AU  - Gonzalez, D. A.
AU  - Vives, M.
AU  - Ferrando, C.
AU  - Baeza, J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Pneumonia caused by coronavirus, which originated in Wuhan, China, in late 2019, has been spread around the world already becoming a pandemic. Unfortunately, there is not yet a specific vaccine or effective antiviral drug for treating COVID-19. Many of these patients deteriorate rapidly and require intubation and are mechanically ventilated, which is causing the collapse of the health system in many countries due to lack of ventilators and intensive care beds. In this document we review two simple adjuvant therapies to administer, without side effects, and low cost that could be useful for the treatment of acute severe coronavirus infection associated with acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2). VitaminC, a potent antioxidant, has emerged as a relevant therapy due to its potential benefits when administered intravenous. The potential effect of vitaminC in reducing inflammation in the lungs could play a key role in lung injury caused by coronavirus infection. Another potential effective therapy is ozone: it has been extensively studied and used for many years and its effectiveness has been demonstrated so far in multiples studies. Nevertheless, our goal is not to make an exhaustive review of these therapies but spread the beneficial effects themselves. Obviously clinical trials are necessaries, but due to the potential benefit of these two therapies we highly recommended to add to the therapeutic arsenal.
JO  - Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32303365
DO  - 10.1016/j.redar.2020.03.004
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - On the front lines of the coronavirus-vaccine battle
AU  - Gewin, Virginia
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32300225
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-01116-y
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus symptoms, research chief quits and Nature's plan to join Plan S
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nature
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32296195
DO  - 10.1038/d41586-020-01023-2
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - How is biomedical research funding faring during the COVID-19 lockdown?
AU  - Webster, Paul
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nat Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32300212
DO  - 10.1038/d41591-020-00010-4
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Need for Data-driven Public Health Responses to COVID-19
AU  - Twa, Michael D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Optom Vis Sci
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32304531
DO  - 10.1097/OPX.0000000000001511
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Oligonucleotides and the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Perspective
AU  - Rossi, John J.
AU  - Rossi, Daniel
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The present global health emergency involving the emergence and rapid spread of a novel coronavirus has prompted the world scientific community to consider how it can help to fight this growing viral pandemic. With few safe and effective drugs available to combat this threat to humanity and the normal functioning of our society, the oligonucleotide research community is uniquely positioned to apply its technology and expertise to help alleviate the crisis, thanks to its capacity for rational drug design, swift development cycles, and pursuing targets undruggable by conventional treatment strategies.
JO  - Nucleic Acid Ther
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32297843
DO  - 10.1089/nat.2020.0868
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: guidance for infection prevention and control in nuclear medicine
AU  - Buscombe, John R.
AU  - Notghi, Alp
AU  - Croasdale, Jilly
AU  - Pandit, Manish
AU  - O'Brien, Joseph
AU  - Graham, Richard
AU  - Redman, Stewart
AU  - Vinjamuri, Sobhan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - This guidance document is a brief consensus document covering the range and breadth of nuclear medicine practice in the UK, and identifies a few steps individual nuclear medicine practitioners and departments can take in the best interests of their patients. This guidance document should be used to inform local practice and does not replace local Trust policies or any relevant legislation. At all times, the best interests of the patients should be paramount. Please read this guidance in conjunction with previous editorial (COVID-19- Nuclear Medicine Departments, be prepared! by Huang HL, Allie R, Gnanasegaran G, Bomanji. J Nucl Med Commun 2020; 41:297-299). Although some aspects of this guidance are time-sensitive due to the nature of the global emergency, we believe that there is still sufficient information to provide some key guiding principles.
JO  - Nucl Med Commun
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32304491
DO  - 10.1097/MNM.0000000000001206
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Mental health effects of school closures during COVID-19
AU  - Lee, Joyce
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Lancet Child Adolesc Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32302537
DO  - 10.1016/S2352-4642(20)30109-7
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 shedding and infectivity - Authors' reply
AU  - Zhou, Fei
AU  - Fan, Guohui
AU  - Liu, Zhibo
AU  - Cao, Bin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Lancet
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32304646
DO  - 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30869-2
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Research in Brief: 11 April to 17 April, 2020
AU  - Carvalho, Thiago
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Nat Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32303711
DO  - 10.1038/d41591-020-00011-3
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - CRISPR-Cas12-based detection of SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Broughton, James P.
AU  - Deng, Xianding
AU  - Yu, Guixia
AU  - Fasching, Clare L.
AU  - Servellita, Venice
AU  - Singh, Jasmeet
AU  - Miao, Xin
AU  - Streithorst, Jessica A.
AU  - Granados, Andrea
AU  - Sotomayor-Gonzalez, Alicia
AU  - Zorn, Kelsey
AU  - Gopez, Allan
AU  - Hsu, Elaine
AU  - Gu, Wei
AU  - Miller, Steve
AU  - Pan, Chao-Yang
AU  - Guevara, Hugo
AU  - Wadford, Debra A.
AU  - Chen, Janice S.
AU  - Chiu, Charles Y.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - An outbreak of betacoronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV-2 began in Wuhan, China in December 2019. COVID-19, the disease associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection, rapidly spread to produce a global pandemic. We report development of a rapid (<40 min), easy-to-implement and accurate CRISPR-Cas12-based lateral flow assay for detection of SARS-CoV-2 from respiratory swab RNA extracts. We validated our method using contrived reference samples and clinical samples from patients in the United States, including 36 patients with COVID-19 infection and 42 patients with other viral respiratory infections. Our CRISPR-based DETECTR assay provides a visual and faster alternative to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention SARS-CoV-2 real-time RT-PCR assay, with 95% positive predictive agreement and 100% negative predictive agreement.
JO  - Nat Biotechnol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32300245
DO  - 10.1038/s41587-020-0513-4
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: health literacy is an underestimated problem
AU  - Paakkari, Leena
AU  - Okan, Orkan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Lancet Public Health
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32302535
DO  - 10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30086-4
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Taking care of older patients with cancer in the context of COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Mourey, Loic
AU  - Falandry, Claire
AU  - de Decker, Laure
AU  - Boulahssass, Rabia
AU  - Carola, Elisabeth
AU  - Bengrine Lefevre, Leila
AU  - Cudennec, Tristan
AU  - Brain, Etienne
AU  - Paillaud, Elena
AU  - Soubeyran, Pierre
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Lancet Oncol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32302533
DO  - 10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30229-1
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Three lessons for the COVID-19 response from pandemic HIV
AU  - Hargreaves, James
AU  - Davey, Calum
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Lancet HIV
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32298644
DO  - 10.1016/S2352-3018(20)30110-7
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pediatric Endoscopy in the Era of Coronavirus Disease 2019: A North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Position Paper
AU  - Walsh, Catharine M.
AU  - Fishman, Douglas S.
AU  - Lerner, Diana G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The delivery of endoscopic care is changing rapidly in the era of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). The North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition (NASPGHAN) Endoscopy and Procedures Committee has formulated this statement to offer practical guidance to help standardize endoscopy services for pediatric patients with the aim of minimizing COVID-19 transmission to staff, patients, and caregivers and to conserve personal protective equipment (PPE) during this critical time. Appropriate use of PPE is essential to minimize transmission and preserve supply. Pediatric endoscopic procedures are considered at high risk for COVID-19 transmission. We recommend that all pediatric endoscopic procedures are done in a negative pressure room with all staff using proper airborne, contact, and droplet precautions regardless of patient risk stratification. This includes appropriate use of a filtering face-piece respirator (N95, N99, FFP2/3, or PAPR), double gloves, facial protection (full visor and/or face shield), full body water-resistant disposable gown, shoe covers and a hairnet. In deciding which endoscopic procedures should proceed, it is important to weigh the risks and benefits to optimize healthcare delivery and minimize risk. To inform these decisions, we propose a framework for stratifying procedures as emergent (procedures that need to PROCEEED), urgent (PAUSE, weigh the benefits and risks in deciding whether to proceed) and elective (POSTPONE procedures). This statement was based on emerging evidence and is meant as a guide. It is important that all endoscopy facilities where pediatric procedures are performed follow current recommendations from public health agencies within their jurisdiction regarding infection prevention and control of COVID-19.
JO  - J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32304561
DO  - 10.1097/MPG.0000000000002750
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Orthopaedic Trauma Service and COVID-19 - Practice Considerations to Optimize Outcomes and Limit Exposure
AU  - Stinner, Daniel J.
AU  - Lebrun, Christopher
AU  - Hsu, Joseph R.
AU  - Jahangir, A. Alex
AU  - Mir, Hassan R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Orthop Trauma
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32301767
DO  - 10.1097/BOT.0000000000001782
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Role of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons in COVID-19 Response
AU  - Patel, Nisarg A.
AU  - Ji, Yisi D.
AU  - Odera, Sampeter L.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - blacksquare, square, filledblacksquare, square, filledblacksquare, square, filled.
JO  - J Oral Maxillofac Surg
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32304660
DO  - 10.1016/j.joms.2020.04.016
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Pinch of Prevention is Worth a Pound of Cure: Proactive Dentistry in the Wake of COVID-19
AU  - Halepas, Steven
AU  - Ferneini, Elie M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Oral Maxillofac Surg
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32302529
DO  - 10.1016/j.joms.2020.03.036
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Financial Impact of COVID-19 on Our Practice
AU  - Ferneini, Elie M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Oral Maxillofac Surg
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32302531
DO  - 10.1016/j.joms.2020.03.045
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Neuroanesthesia Practice During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Recommendations from Society for Neuroscience in Anesthesiology & Critical Care (SNACC)
AU  - Flexman, Alana M.
AU  - Abcejo, Arnoley
AU  - Avitisian, Rafi
AU  - De Sloovere, Veerle
AU  - Highton, David
AU  - Juul, Niels
AU  - Li, Shu
AU  - Meng, Lingzhong
AU  - Paisansathan, Chanannait
AU  - Rath, Girija Prasad
AU  - Rozet, Irene
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has several implications relevant to neuroanesthesiologists, including neurologic manifestations of the disease, impact of anesthesia provision for specific neurosurgical procedures and electroconvulsive therapy, and healthcare provider wellness. The Society for Neuroscience in Anesthesiology and Critical Care appointed a task force to provide timely, consensus-based expert guidance for neuroanesthesiologists during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this document is to provide a focused overview of COVID-19 disease relevant to neuroanesthesia practice. This consensus statement provides information on the neurological manifestations of COVID-19, advice for neuroanesthesia clinical practice during emergent neurosurgery, interventional radiology (excluding endovascular treatment of acute ischemic stroke), transnasal neurosurgery, awake craniotomy and electroconvulsive therapy, as well as information about healthcare provider wellness. Institutions and healthcare providers are encouraged to adapt these recommendations to best suit local needs, considering existing practice standards and resource availability to ensure safety of patients and providers.
JO  - J Neurosurg Anesthesiol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32301764
DO  - 10.1097/ANA.0000000000000691
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Role of YouTube and the Entertainment Industry in Saving Lives by Educating and Mobilizing the Public to Adopt Behaviors for Community Mitigation of COVID-19: A Successive Sampling Design
AU  - Basch, Charles E.
AU  - Basch, Corey H.
AU  - Hillyer, Grace C.
AU  - Jaime, Christie
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Effective community mitigation through voluntary behavior change is currently the only way to reduce mortality caused by COVID-19. This study builds on our prior study based on the scientific premise that YouTube is one of the most effective ways to communicate and mobilize the public in community mitigation to reduce exposure to SARS-COV-2. OBJECTIVE: Because of the rapidly changing nature of YouTube in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, we conducted a follow-up study to document how coverage of preventive behaviors for effective community mitigation have changed. METHODS: A successive sampling design was used to compare coverage of behaviors to mitigate community transmission of COVID-19 in the100 most widely viewed YouTube videos in January 2020 and March 2020. RESULTS: Videos in the two samples were viewed > 125 million times and >355 million times, respectively. Fewer than one-half of the videos in the March sample covered any of the prevention behaviors recommended by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, but many covered key prevention behaviors and were very widely viewed. There were no videos uploaded by entertainment television in the January sample but this source comprised the majority of videos and garnered the majority of cumulative views in the March sample. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates the incredible reach of YouTube and the potential value of partnership with the entertainment industry for communicating and mobilizing the public about community mitigation to reduce mortality from the COVID-19 viral pandemic. CLINICALTRIAL: N/A.
JO  - JMIR Public Health Surveill
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32297593
DO  - 10.2196/19145
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Management of ART and COVID-19: Infertility in times of pan- demic. What now?
AU  - Souza, Maria do Carmo Borges de
AU  - Nakagawa, Hitomi
AU  - Taitson, Paulo Franco
AU  - Cordts, Emerson Barchi
AU  - Antunes, Roberto Azevedo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - JBRA Assist Reprod
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32301320
DO  - 10.5935/1518-0557.20200031
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Ophthalmology and Glaucoma Practice in the COVID-19 Era
AU  - Liebmann, Jeffrey M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Glaucoma
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32301765
DO  - 10.1097/IJG.0000000000001519
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Impact of anti-tnfalpha antibodies on the risk of Covid-19 and its severity in patients with inflammatory Bowel Diseases
AU  - Tursi, Antonio
AU  - Papa, Alfredo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Crohns Colitis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32303756
DO  - 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjaa076
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A preliminary observation: male pattern hair loss among hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Spain - A potential clue to the role of androgens in COVID-19 severity
AU  - Goren, A.
AU  - Vano-Galvan, S.
AU  - Wambier, C. G.
AU  - McCoy, J.
AU  - Gomez-Zubiaur, A.
AU  - Moreno-Arrones, O. M.
AU  - Shapiro, J.
AU  - Sinclair, R.
AU  - Gold, M. H.
AU  - Kovacevic, M.
AU  - Mesinkovska, N. A.
AU  - Goldust, M.
AU  - Washeni, K.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A preliminary observation of high frequency of male pattern hair loss among admitted COVID-19 patients, and suggest that androgen expression might be a clue to COVID-19 severity.
JO  - J Cosmet Dermatol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32301221
DO  - 10.1111/jocd.13443
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Consistency analysis of COVID-19 nucleic acid tests and the changes of lung CT
AU  - Zhifeng, Jiang
AU  - Feng, Aiqiao
AU  - Li, Tao
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: COVID-19, the latest outbreak of infectious disease, has caused huge medical challenges to China and the entire globe. No unified diagnostic standard has been formulated. The initial diagnosis remains based on the positive of nucleic acid tests. However, early nucleic acid tests were identified to be negative in some patients, whereas the patients exhibited characteristic CT changes of lung, and positive test results appeared after repeated nucleic acid tests, having caused the failure to diagnose these patients early. The study aimed to delve into the relationships between initial nucleic acid testing and early lung CT changes in patients with COVID-19. METHOD: In accordance with the latest COVID-19 diagnostic criteria, 69 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 treated in the infected V ward of Xiaogan Central Hospital from 2020/1/25 to 2020/2/6 were retrospectively analyzed. The consistency between the first COVID-19 nucleic acid test positive and lung CT changes was studied. In addition, the sensitivity and specificity of CT and initial nucleic acid were studied. RESULT: The Kappa coefficient of initial nucleic acid positive changes and lung CT changes was -1.52. With a positive nucleic acid test as the gold standard, the sensitivity of lung CT was 12.00 %, 95 % CI: 4.6-24.3; with the changes of CT as the gold standard, the sensitivity of nucleic acid positive was 30.16 %, 95 % CI: 19.2-43.0. CONCLUSION: The consistency between the initial positive nucleic acid test and the CT changes in the lungs is poor; low sensitivity was achieved for initial nucleic acid detection and CT changes.
JO  - J Clin Virol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32302956
DO  - 10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104359
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Epidemiological characteristics and clinical features of 32 critical and 67 noncritical cases of COVID-19 in Chengdu
AU  - Zheng, Yongli
AU  - Xu, Hong
AU  - Yang, Ming
AU  - Zeng, Yilan
AU  - Chen, Hong
AU  - Liu, Ru
AU  - Li, Qingfeng
AU  - Zhang, Na
AU  - Wang, Dan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: In December 2019, Wuhan, China, experienced an outbreak of coronavirus (COVID-19). The number of cases has increased rapidly, but information on the clinical characteristics remains limited. OBJECTIVES: This paper describes the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of COVID-19. Early detection and identification of critically ill patients is necessary to facilitate scientific classification and treatment. STUDY DESIGN: This study included a retrospective, single-center case series of 99 consecutively hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19 at Chengdu Public Health Clinical Medical Center in Chengdu, China, from January 16 to February 20, 2020. The final date of follow-up was February 23, 2020. We collected and analyzed epidemiological, demographic, clinical, laboratory, radiological, and treatment data. We compared outcomes of critically ill patients and noncritically ill patients. RESULTS: Of the 99 hospitalized patients with COVID-19, the median age was 49 years (minimum, 3 months; maximum, 87 years) and 51 (52 %) were men; 42 (42 %) had traveled to or lived in Wuhan and 48 (49 %) had come into close contact with patients with new coronavirus pneumonia; 41 (41 %) patients had underlying disease. Common symptoms included fever (85 [86 %]), dry cough (84 [85 %]), and fatigue (72 [73 %]). We analyzed the clinical characteristics of patients. We expressed the measurement data as mean+/-standard deviation. We collected data for age (49.39+/-18.45 years), number of hospital days (12.32+/-6.70 days), and laboratory indicators. We compared critically ill and noncritically ill patients: p-values for age, C-reactive protein, high-sensitivity troponin T, prothrombin time, fibrin degradation products, D-Dimer, and CD4+ count were p<0.001; and p-values for hospital days, white blood cell, neutrophil, lymphocyte, creatine kinase isoenzyme, myoglobin, N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide, and CD8+ count were p<0.05. CONCLUSIONS: We collected data from a single-center case series of 32 hospitalized patients who were critically ill with confirmed COVID-19 in Chengdu, China, and compared data with 67 noncritically ill patients. Elderly patients had chronic underlying diseases, notably cardiovascular disease. Higher C-reactive protein levels, higher levels of myocardial damage, and higher brain natriuretic peptide levels; lower white blood cells, neutrophils, and lymphocytes; and lower CD4 and CD8 counts could be used for early detection and identification of critically ill patients, and dynamic Data observation was more important than at a single moment.
JO  - J Clin Virol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32302954
DO  - 10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104366
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Where to buy face masks? Survey of applications using Taiwan's open data in the time of COVID-19
AU  - Yuan, Eunice J.
AU  - Hsu, Chia-An
AU  - Lee, Wui-Chiang
AU  - Chen, Tzeng-Ji
AU  - Chou, Li-Fang
AU  - Hwang, Shinn-Jang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) had spread rapidly since late December 2019. Personal protective equipment was essential to prevent transmission. Owing to shortage of face masks, Taiwan government began to implement quasi rationing on February 6, 2020, by allowing each resident to purchase two masks in seven days. Taiwan National Health Insurance Administration offered online data with real-time updates on face mask availability in all contracted pharmacies and selected local health centers. Based on the open data, numerous software applications quickly emerged to assist the public in finding sales locations efficiently. METHODS: Up until March 15, 2020, the Public Digital Innovation Space of Taiwan government had recorded 134 software applications of face mask availability, and 24 were excluded due to defect, duplicate and unavailability. These applications were analyzed according to platform, developer type, and display mode. RESULTS: Of the 110 valid software applications, 67 (60.9%) applications were deployed on websites, followed by 21 (19.1%) on social networking sites, 19 (17.3%) as mobile applications, and 3 (2.7%) in other modes. Nearly two thirds (n = 70) of applications were developed by individuals, one third (n = 37) by commercial companies, only two applications by central and local governments, and one by a non-governmental organization. With respect to the display mode, 47 (42.7%) applications adopted map-view only, 41 (37.3%) table-view only, and 19 (17.3%) both modes. Of the remaining three applications, two offered voice user interfaces and one used augmented reality. CONCLUSION: Taiwan's open data strategy facilitated rapid development of software applications for information dissemination to the public during the COVID-19 crisis. The transparency of real-time data could help alleviate the panic of the public. The collaborative contributions from the grassroots in disasters were priceless treasures.
JO  - J Chin Med Assoc
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32304508
DO  - 10.1097/JCMA.0000000000000325
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Protecting against COVID-19 aerosol infection during intubation
AU  - Tseng, Jen-Yu
AU  - Lai, Hsien-Yung
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Chin Med Assoc
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32304507
DO  - 10.1097/JCMA.0000000000000324
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in children: Current status
AU  - Jeng, Mei-Jy
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), emerged from China in December 2019. The outbreak further exploded in Europe and America in mid-March 2020 to become a global health emergency. We reviewed recent published articles and on-line open messages on SARS-CoV-2-positive infants and children younger than 20 years of age. Symptoms are usually less severe in children than in adults. Twelve critically or mortally ill children were found in the published or news reports before April 6, 2020. Vertical transmission from the mother to her fetus or neonate has not been proven definitively. However, six early-onset (<7 days) and 3 late-onset neonatal SARS-CoV-2 infections were found in the literature. We also summarized the presentations and contact information of 24 SARS-CoV-2-positive children announced by the Taiwan Centers for Disease Control. Early identification and isolation, adequate management, prevention, and vaccine development are the keys to controlling the disease spread. Clinical physicians should be alert to asymptomatic children with COVID-19. Multi-directional investigations are crucial in the global fight against COVID-19.
JO  - J Chin Med Assoc
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32304509
DO  - 10.1097/JCMA.0000000000000323
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cardiovascular Pharmacology in the Time of COVID-19: A Focus on Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2
AU  - Buckley, Leo F.
AU  - Cheng, Judy W. M.
AU  - Desai, Akshay
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) has emerged as a pandemic affecting millions of adults. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2019 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative virus of COVID-19, infects host cells through angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Pre-clinical models suggest that ACE2 upregulation confers protective effects in acute lung injury. Additionally, renin-angiotensin aldosterone system inhibitors reduce adverse atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, heart failure and chronic kidney disease outcomes, but may increase ACE2 levels. We review current knowledge of the role of ACE2 in cardiovascular physiology and SARS-CoV-2 virology as well as clinical data to inform the management of patients with or at risk for COVID-19 who require renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitor therapy.
JO  - J Cardiovasc Pharmacol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32301766
DO  - 10.1097/FJC.0000000000000840
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Response and Operating Room Preparation for the COVID-19 Outbreak: A Perspective From the National Heart Centre in Singapore
AU  - Tan, Zihui
AU  - Phoon, Priscilla Hui Yi
AU  - Zeng, Ling Antonia
AU  - Fu, Jing
AU  - Lim, Xiao Ting
AU  - Tan, Teing Ee
AU  - Loh, Kenny Wei-Tsen
AU  - Goh, Meng Huat
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a respiratory disease from a novel coronavirus that was first detected in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China, is now a public health emergency and pandemic. Singapore, as a major international transportation hub in Asia, has been one of the worst hit countries by the disease. With the advent of local transmission, the authors share their preparation and response planning for the operating room of the National Heart Centre Singapore, the largest cardiothoracic tertiary center in Singapore. Protection of staff and patients, environmental concerns, and other logistic and equipment issues are considered.
JO  - J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32303395
DO  - 10.1053/j.jvca.2020.03.050
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Surgical operations during the COVID-19 outbreak: should elective surgeries be suspended?
AU  - Zarrintan, Sina
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Int J Surg
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32302745
DO  - 10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.04.005
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Thoughts about COVID-19
AU  - Rosin, R. David
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Int J Surg
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32302743
DO  - 10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.04.015
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Impact Of Despecialisation And Redeployment On Surgical Training In The Midst Of The COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Hourston, George J. M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Int J Surg
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32302740
DO  - 10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.03.082
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Insights from immuno-oncology: the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer Statement on access to IL-6-targeting therapies for COVID-19
AU  - Ascierto, Paolo Antonio
AU  - Fox, Bernard
AU  - Urba, Walter
AU  - Anderson, Ana Carrizosa
AU  - Atkins, Michael B.
AU  - Borden, Ernest C.
AU  - Brahmer, Julie
AU  - Butterfield, Lisa H.
AU  - Cesano, Alessandra
AU  - Chen, Daniel
AU  - de Gruijl, Tanja
AU  - Dillman, Robert O.
AU  - Drake, Charles G.
AU  - Emens, Leisha A.
AU  - Gajewski, Thomas F.
AU  - Gulley, James L.
AU  - Stephen Hodi, F.
AU  - Hwu, Patrick
AU  - Kaufman, David
AU  - Kaufman, Howard
AU  - Lotze, Michael
AU  - McNeel, Douglas G.
AU  - Margolin, Kim
AU  - Marincola, Francesco
AU  - Mastrangelo, Michael J.
AU  - Maus, Marcela V.
AU  - Parkinson, David R.
AU  - Romero, Pedro J.
AU  - Sondel, Paul M.
AU  - Spranger, Stefani
AU  - Sznol, Mario
AU  - Weiner, George J.
AU  - Wiggington, Jon M.
AU  - Weber, Jeffrey S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Immunother Cancer
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32300051
DO  - 10.1136/jitc-2020-000878
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Clinical characteristics of 80 hospitalized frontline medical workers infected with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China
AU  - Wang, Xiong
AU  - Liu, Wei
AU  - Zhao, Jinzhu
AU  - Lu, Yanjun
AU  - Wang, Xu
AU  - Yu, Caizheng
AU  - Hu, Shuhua
AU  - Shen, Na
AU  - Liu, Weiyong
AU  - Sun, Ziyong
AU  - Li, Wengang
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - More than 1,000 medical workers have been infected with COVID-19 in China. The 80 hospitalized patients included 57 SARS-CoV-2 confirmed and 23 clinically diagnosed. The median age was 39 years, 49 (61.25%) were women, and one patient died. The most common symptoms at onset were fever (65, 81.25%), cough (47, 58.75%), fatigue (28, 35%), myalgia (19, 23.75%), expectoration (19, 23.75%), and diarrhea (15, 18.75%). Patients of frontline medical workers at a single-center hospital showed some unique clinical and laboratory findings compared with other patients in Wuhan and outside of Wuhan. This study provides our experience for other frontline medical workers.
JO  - J Hosp Infect
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32302722
DO  - 10.1016/j.jhin.2020.04.019
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Environmental virus surveillance in the isolation ward of COVID-19
AU  - Wang, Haizhou
AU  - Mo, Pingzheng
AU  - Li, Guozhen
AU  - Chen, Pengfei
AU  - Liu, Jing
AU  - Wang, Hongling
AU  - Wang, Fan
AU  - Zhang, Yongxi
AU  - Zhao, Qiu
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Hosp Infect
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32304725
DO  - 10.1016/j.jhin.2020.04.020
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preparedness for COVID-19 infection prevention in Korea: Single-center experience
AU  - Kim, Youn Jeong
AU  - Jeong, Yeon Jeong
AU  - Kim, Si Hyun
AU  - Kim, Yeo Ju
AU  - Lee, Shin Young
AU  - Kim, Tae Yeong
AU  - Choi, Mi Sun
AU  - Ahn, Joong Hyun
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Hosp Infect
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32302723
DO  - 10.1016/j.jhin.2020.04.018
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Editorial: Studying the effects of the coronavirus pandemic on intercultural relations
AU  - Schwartz, Seth J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Int J Intercult Relat
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32300260
DO  - 10.1016/j.ijintrel.2020.04.001
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: Four Paediatric Cases in Malaysia
AU  - See, K. C.
AU  - Liew, S. M.
AU  - Ng, David C. E.
AU  - Chew, E. L.
AU  - Khoo, E. M.
AU  - Sam, C. H.
AU  - Sheena, D.
AU  - Zahilah Filzah, M. Z.
AU  - Chin, S. Y.
AU  - Lee, P. Y.
AU  - Tan, L. P.
AU  - Najwa, Z. Farah
AU  - Sabrina, S.
AU  - Them, W. W.
AU  - Saipriya, T.
AU  - Muhammad Zamakhshar, Z. A.
AU  - Cheah, W. K.
AU  - Periasamy, K.
AU  - Goh, P. P.
AU  - Ibrahim, H.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE: This is a brief report of 4 paediatric cases of COVID-19 infection in Malaysia BACKGROUND: COVID-19, a coronavirus, first detected in Wuhan, China has now spread rapidly to over 60 countries and territories around the world, infecting more than 85000 individuals. As the case count amongst children is low, there is need to report COVID-19 in children to better understand the virus and the disease. CASES: In Malaysia, until end of February 2020, there were four COVID-19 paediatric cases with ages ranging from 20 months to 11 years. All four cases were likely to have contracted the virus in China. The children had no symptoms or mild flu-like illness. The cases were managed symptomatically. None required antiviral therapy. DISCUSSION: There were 2 major issues regarding the care of infected children. Firstly, the quarantine of an infected child with a parent who tested negative was an ethical dilemma. Secondly, oropharyngeal and nasal swabs in children were at risk of false negative results. These issues have implications for infection control. Consequently, there is a need for clearer guidelines for child quarantine and testing methods in the management of COVID-19 in children.
JO  - Int J Infect Dis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32304822
DO  - 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.03.049
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - High Risk of COVID-19 Infection for Head and Neck Surgeons
AU  - Kulcsar, Marco Aurelio
AU  - Montenegro, Fabio L.
AU  - Arap, Sergio S.
AU  - Tavares, Marcos Roberto
AU  - Kowalski, Luiz Paulo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32296469
DO  - 10.1055/s-0040-1709725
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Otorhinolaryngologists and Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
AU  - Jotz, Geraldo Pereira
AU  - Voegels, Richard Louis
AU  - Bento, Ricardo Ferreira
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32296468
DO  - 10.1055/s-0040-1709724
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Operational Strategies to Prevent Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Spread in Radiology: Experience From a Singapore Radiology Department After Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
AU  - Goh, Yonggeng
AU  - Chua, Wynne
AU  - Lee, Joseph K. T.
AU  - Leng Ang, Bertrand Wei
AU  - Liang, Chong Ri
AU  - Tan, Choon Ann
AU  - Choong, Denise Ai Wen
AU  - Hoon, Hui Xiang
AU  - Ong, Michael Kah Leong
AU  - Quek, Swee Tian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection spreads globally, the demand for chest imaging will inevitably rise with an accompanying increase in risk of disease transmission to frontline radiology staff. Radiology departments should implement strict infection control measures and robust operational plans to minimize disease transmission and mitigate potential impact of possible staff infection. In this article, the authors share several operational guidelines and strategies implemented in our practice to reduce spread of COVID-19 and maintain clinical and educational needs of a teaching hospital.
JO  - J Am Coll Radiol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32298643
DO  - 10.1016/j.jacr.2020.03.027
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Adapting the Educational Environment for Cardiovascular Fellows-in-Training During the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - DeFilippis, Ersilia M.
AU  - Stefanescu Schmidt, Ada C.
AU  - Reza, Nosheen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Am Coll Cardiol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32304798
DO  - 10.1016/j.jacc.2020.04.013
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Virtual Learning during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Disruptive Technology in Graduate Medical Education
AU  - Almarzooq, Zaid
AU  - Lopes, Mathew
AU  - Kochar, Ajar
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - J Am Coll Cardiol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32304797
DO  - 10.1016/j.jacc.2020.04.015
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Departmental Experience and Lessons Learned With Accelerated Introduction of Telemedicine During the COVID-19 Crisis
AU  - Loeb, Alexander E.
AU  - Rao, Sandesh S.
AU  - Ficke, James R.
AU  - Morris, Carol D.
AU  - Riley, Lee H., 3rd
AU  - Levin, Adam S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Despite the use of digital technology in healthcare, telemedicine has not been readily adopted. During the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare systems have begun crisis management planning. To appropriately allocate resources and prevent virus exposure while maintaining effective patient care, our orthopaedic surgery department rapidly introduced a robust telemedicine program during a 5-day period. Implementation requires attention to patient triage, technological resources, credentialing, education of providers and patients, scheduling, and regulatory considerations. This article provides practical instruction based on our experience for physicians who wish to implement telemedicine during the COVID-19 pandemic. Between telemedicine encounters and necessary in-person visits, providers may be able to achieve 50% of their typical clinic volume within 2 weeks. When handling the massive disruption to the routine patient care workflow, it is critical to understand the key factors associated with an accelerated introduction of telemedicine for the safe and effective continuation of orthopaedic care during this pandemic. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:: V.
JO  - J Am Acad Orthop Surg
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32301818
DO  - 10.5435/JAAOS-D-20-00380
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Telemedicine in the fight against SARS-COV-2-opportunities and possible applications in otorhinolaryngology : Narrative review]
AU  - Hagge, Daniel
AU  - Knopf, Andreas
AU  - Hofauer, Benedikt
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - INTRODUCTION: The COVID-19 pandemic is bringing healthcare systems worldwide to the brink of collapse. One reason for this is the rapidly increasing number of new infections. On the other hand, the high sickness rates of doctors and nurses, particularly in ENT medicine, are aggravating the situation. Telemedicine can be a useful tool to reduce the number of physician-patient contacts. This could break infection chains and minimize the risk of infection for physicians. METHODS: To prepare the review, a selective literature search was conducted at www.pubmed.com using the relevant English technical terms for telemedicine and ENT. In addition, research was conducted at www.news.google.com on current developments of the COVID-19 pandemic with the search terms "telemedicine" and "COVID-19." RESULTS: Telemedicine can be helpful in direct contact with patients as well as in the conciliar support of general practitioners. The available studies show that, on average, more than 50% of medical consultations could be carried out telemedically. Both physicians and patients rate the use of telemedicine positively. Neither image quality nor the handling of the technology are relevant obstacles to a reliable diagnosis. Patients indicated that the telemedical consultation did not last longer than a traditional consultation. Patients also highlighted the faster and better availability of medical care through telemedicine. CONCLUSION: Telemedicine can make a decisive contribution to coping with the current COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, the establishment of telemedicine can help us to become better prepared for future pandemics.
JO  - HNO
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32300823
DO  - 10.1007/s00106-020-00864-7
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Battle against novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV: International commitment to develop worldwide informing campaigns
AU  - Allahverdipour, Hamid
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Health Promot Perspect
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32296619
DO  - 10.34172/hpp.2020.15
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID 19 uncertainty
AU  - Covan, Eleanor Krassen
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Health Care Women Int
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32297846
DO  - 10.1080/07399332.2020.1747311
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Gastroenterology department operational reorganisation at the time of covid-19 outbreak: an Italian and Chinese experience
AU  - Danese, Silvio
AU  - Ran, Zhi Hua
AU  - Repici, Alessandro
AU  - Tong, Jinlu
AU  - Omodei, Paolo
AU  - Aghemo, Alessio
AU  - Malesci, Alberto
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Gut
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32299837
DO  - 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-321143
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Genomic characterization of a novel SARS-CoV-2
AU  - Khailany, Rozhgar A.
AU  - Safdar, Muhamad
AU  - Ozaslan, Mehmet
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - A new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) associated with human to human transmission and extreme human sickness has been as of late announced from the city of Wuhan in China. Our objectives were to mutation analysis between recently reported genomes at various times and locations and to characterize the genomic structure of SARS-CoV-2 using bioinformatics programs. Information on the variation of viruses is of considerable medical and biological impacts on the prevention, diagnosis, and therapy of infectious diseases. To understand the genomic structure and variations of the SARS-CoV-2. The study analyzed 95 SARS-CoV-2 complete genome sequences available in GenBank, National MicrobiologyData Center (NMDC) and NGDC Genome Warehouse from December-2019 until 05 of April-2020. The genomic signature analysis demonstrates that a strong association between the time of sample collection, location of sample and accumulation of genetic diversity. We found 116 mutations, the three most common mutations were 8782C>T in ORF1ab gene, 28144T>C in ORF8 gene and 29095C>T in the N gene. The mutations might affect the severity and spread of the SARS-CoV-2. The finding heavily supports an intense requirement for additional prompt, inclusive investigations that combine genomic detail, epidemiological information and graph records of the clinical features of patients with COVID-19.
JO  - Gene Rep
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32300673
DO  - 10.1016/j.genrep.2020.100682
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The economic impact of the Coronavirus 2019 (Covid-2019): Implications for the mining industry
AU  - Laing, Timothy
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The Coronavirus 2019 (Covid-19) global pandemic has not only caused infections and deaths, but it has also wreaked havoc with the global economy on a scale not seen since at least the Great Depression. Covid-19 has the potential to destroy individual livelihoods, businesses, industries and entire economies. The mining sector is not immune to these impacts, and the crisis has the potential to have severe consequences in the short, medium and long-term for the industry. Understanding these impacts, and analysing their significance for the industry, and the role it plays in wider economic development is a crucial task for academic research.
JO  - Extr Ind Soc
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32300537
DO  - 10.1016/j.exis.2020.04.003
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The diagnostic and predictive role of NLR, d-NLR and PLR in COVID-19 patients
AU  - Yang, Ai-Ping
AU  - Liu, Jian-Ping
AU  - Tao, Wen-Qiang
AU  - Li, Hui-Ming
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - AIM: To accumulate evidence that indicated the key role played by virus-triggered inflammation in the 2019-novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) which emerged in Wuhan City and rapidly spread throughout China. METHODS: Age, neutrophil(NEU)-to-lymphocyte (LYM) ratio (NLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte (MON) ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and C-reactive protein (CRP) of 93 patients with laboratory confirmed COVID-19 were investigated and compared. The receiver operating characteristic curve was applied to determine the thresholds for five bio-markers, and their prognostic values were assessed via the Kaplan-Meier curve and multivariate COX regression models. RESULTS: The median age was 46.4 years old, and 37cases were females. A total of 27.8% of patients had been to Wuhan, and 73.1% had contacted with people from Wuhan. Fever (83.8%) and cough (70.9%) were the two most common symptoms. Elevated NLR and age were significantly associated with illness severity. The binary logistic analysis identified elevated NLR (hazard risk [HR] 2.46, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.98-4.57) and age (HR 2.52, 95% CI 1.65-4.83) as independent factors for poor clinical outcome of COVID-19. NLR exhibited the largest area under the curve at 0.841, with the highest specificity (63.6%) and sensitivity (88%). CONCLUSIONS: Elevated age and NLR can be considered independent biomarkers for indicating poor clinical outcomes.
JO  - Int Immunopharmacol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32304994
DO  - 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106504
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Endourological Stone Management in the Era of the COVID-19
AU  - Proietti, Silvia
AU  - Gaboardi, Franco
AU  - Giusti, Guido
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Eur Urol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32303384
DO  - 10.1016/j.eururo.2020.03.042
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - High-flow nasal cannula for COVID-19 patients: low risk of bio-aerosol dispersion
AU  - Li, Jie
AU  - Fink, James B.
AU  - Ehrmann, Stephan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Eur Respir J
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32299867
DO  - 10.1183/13993003.00892-2020
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Endocrinology in the time of COVID-19
AU  - Arlt, Wiebke
AU  - Dekkers, Olaf M.
AU  - Leger, Juliane
AU  - Semple, Robert Kenneth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - N/A.
JO  - Eur J Endocrinol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32302976
DO  - 10.1530/EJE-20-0386
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Radiation therapy during the coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) pandemic in Italy: a view of the nation's young oncologists
AU  - Meattini, Icro
AU  - Franco, Pierfrancesco
AU  - Belgioia, Liliana
AU  - Boldrini, Luca
AU  - Botticella, Angela
AU  - De Santis, Maria Carmen
AU  - Marvaso, Giulia
AU  - Montesi, Giampaolo
AU  - Parisi, Silvana
AU  - Triggiani, Luca
AU  - Lambertini, Matteo
AU  - Livi, Lorenzo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - ESMO Open
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32295769
DO  - 10.1136/esmoopen-2020-000779
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Androgen hazards with COVID-19
AU  - Sharifi, Nima
AU  - Ryan, Charles
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Endocr Relat Cancer
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32302975
DO  - 10.1530/ERC-20-0133
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Community Responses during Early Phase of COVID-19 Epidemic, Hong Kong
AU  - Kwok, Kin On
AU  - Li, Kin Kit
AU  - Chan, Henry Ho Hin
AU  - Yi, Yuan Yuan
AU  - Tang, Arthur
AU  - Wei, Wan In
AU  - Wong, Samuel Yeung Shan
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - During the early phase of the coronavirus disease epidemic in Hong Kong, 1,715 survey respondents reported high levels of perceived risk, mild anxiety, and adoption of personal-hygiene, travel-avoidance, and social-distancing measures. Widely adopted individual precautionary measures, coupled with early government actions, might slow transmission early in the outbreak.
JO  - Emerg Infect Dis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32298227
DO  - 10.3201/eid2607.200500
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Panton-Valentine Leukocidin-Secreting Staphylococcus aureus Pneumonia Complicating COVID-19
AU  - Duployez, Claire
AU  - Le Guern, Remi
AU  - Tinez, Claire
AU  - Lejeune, Anne-Laure
AU  - Robriquet, Laurent
AU  - Six, Sophie
AU  - Loiez, Caroline
AU  - Wallet, Frederic
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Necrotizing pneumonia induced by Panton-Valentine leukocidin-secreting Staphylococcus aureus is a rare but life-threatening infection that has been described in patients after they had influenza. We report a fatal case of this superinfection in a young adult who had coronavirus disease.
JO  - Emerg Infect Dis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32298228
DO  - 10.3201/eid2608.201413
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The prospects for the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in Africa
AU  - Quaresima, Virginia
AU  - Naldini, Matteo M.
AU  - Cirillo, Daniela M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - On December 31, 2019, the Chinese government officially announced the identification of a new type of coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) as the etiological cause of a severe acute respiratory syndrome in Wuhan city, Hubei Province. Over the next weeks, SARS-CoV-2 caused a global pandemic as officially declared by the WHO on March 11, 2020, with confirmed cases and deaths in more than 166 countries. We are experiencing a worldwide phenomenon of unprecedented social and economic consequences. Since the beginning of the COVID-19 outbreak, there have been fears that the epidemic could strongly impact weaker health-care systems in poor-resource settings, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The 2 million Chinese nationals that live and work in Africa could potentially contribute to the spread of COVID-19 on the continent.
JO  - EMBO Mol Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32301279
DO  - 10.15252/emmm.202012488
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus Disease: A Review of a New Threat to Public Health
AU  - Ramphul, Kamleshun
AU  - Mejias, Stephanie G.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In December 2019, several patients from Wuhan, China were admitted to hospitals with symptoms of pneumonia. As the number of patients presenting with similar symptoms started to rise, the causative agent was eventually isolated from samples. It was initially called the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) and has been recently relabelled as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); the disease it causes has been named coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Over the next few weeks, the virus spread from Wuhan to affect different provinces in China and, after a few months, it is now present in 109 countries. As of March 10, 2020, there have been 113,702 confirmed cases globally, and 4,012 deaths have been registered. The World Health Organization (WHO) called COVID-19 a pandemic on March 11, 2020. There are multiple drug trials going on with some positive results. However, since no vaccine is available, the best way to combat the virus is by preventive methods.
JO  - Cureus
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32300496
DO  - 10.7759/cureus.7276
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19, Australia: Epidemiology Report 11 (Reporting week to 23:59 AEST 12 April 2020)
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Confirmed cases in Australia notified up to 12 April 2020: notifications = 6,394; deaths = 46. The reduction in international travel and domestic movement, social distancing measures and public health action have likely slowed the spread of the disease. Notifications in Australia remain predominantly among people with recent overseas travel, with some locally-acquired cases being detected. Most locally-acquired cases are able to be linked back to a confirmed case, with a small portion unable to be epidemiologically linked. The distribution of overseas-acquired cases to locally acquired cases varies by jurisdiction. Internationally, cases continue to increase. The rates of increase have started to slow in several regions, although it is too soon to tell whether this trend will be sustained. The epidemiology differs from country to country depending not only on the disease, but also on differences in case detection, testing and implemented public health measures.
JO  - Commun Dis Intell (2018)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32299330
DO  - 10.33321/cdi.2020.44.34
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Considerations for the Treatment of Oesophageal Cancer With Radiotherapy During the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Jones, C. M.
AU  - Hawkins, M.
AU  - Mukherjee, S.
AU  - Radhakrishna, G.
AU  - Crosby, T.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32299723
DO  - 10.1016/j.clon.2020.04.001
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Risk factors for disease severity, unimprovement, and mortality of COVID-19 patients in Wuhan, China
AU  - Zhang, Jixiang
AU  - Wang, Xiaoli
AU  - Jia, Xuemei
AU  - Li, Jiao
AU  - Hu, Ke
AU  - Chen, Guozhong
AU  - Wei, Jie
AU  - Gong, Zuojiong
AU  - Zhou, Chenliang
AU  - Yu, Hongang
AU  - Yu, Mosheng
AU  - Lei, Hongbo
AU  - Cheng, Fan
AU  - Zhang, Binghong
AU  - Xu, Yu
AU  - Wang, Gaohua
AU  - Dong, Weiguo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE: Since December 2019, coronavirus disease (COVID-19) emerged in Wuhan. However, the characteristics and risk factors associated with disease severity, unimprovement and mortality are unclear. METHODS: All consecutive patients diagnosed with COVID-19 admitted to the Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from January 11 to February 6, 2020 were enrolled in this retrospective cohort study. RESULTS: A total of 663 COVID-19 patients were included in this study. Among those, 247 (37.3%) had at least one kind of chronic disease. A total of 0.5% (n=3) of patients were diagnosed with mild COVID-19, while 37.8% (251/663), 47.5% (315/663), and 14.2% (94/663) were in moderate, severe, and critical condition, respectively. In our hospital during follow-up, 251 of 663 (37.9%) patients were improved and 25 patients died, leading to a mortality rate of 3.77%. Older patients (>60 years old) and those with chronic diseases were prone to have severe and critical COVID-19 conditions, show unimprovement, and die (P < 0.001, < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified being male (OR = 0.486, 95% CI 0.311-0.758; P = 0.001), having severe COVID-19 conditions (OR = 0.129, 95% CI 0.082-0.201; P < 0.001), expectoration (OR = 1.796, 95% CI 1.062-3.036; P = 0.029), muscle ache (OR = 0.309, 95% CI 0.153-0.626; P = 0.001), and decreased albumin (OR = 1.929, 95% CI 1.199-3.104; P = 0.007) were associated with unimprovement in COVID-19 patients. CONCLUSION: Being male, in severe COVID-19 conditions, expectoration, muscle ache, and decreased albumin were independent risk factors which influence the improvement of COVID-19 patients.
JO  - Clin Microbiol Infect
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32304745
DO  - 10.1016/j.cmi.2020.04.012
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A report of three COVID-19 cases with prolonged viral RNA detection in anal swabs
AU  - Hu, Yilin
AU  - Shen, Lisha
AU  - Yao, Yake
AU  - Xu, Zheming
AU  - Zhou, Jianying
AU  - Zhou, Hua
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Clin Microbiol Infect
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32304746
DO  - 10.1016/j.cmi.2020.04.010
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Role of Data Registries in the Time of COVID-19
AU  - Alger, Heather M.
AU  - Williams Iv, Joseph H.
AU  - Walchok, Jason G.
AU  - Bolles, Michele M.
AU  - Fonarow, Gregg C.
AU  - Rutan, Christine
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - On April 1, 2020, the confirmed global burden of COVID-19 was more than 900,000 with 46,413 deaths. Despite worldwide calls for social distancing and containment, the incidence of the disease continues to increase. COVID-19 is a respiratory tract infection caused by the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV2). Preliminary analyses from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention indicated an overall case fatality rate (CFR) of 2.3%; however the CFR was higher in older adults (14.8% in those 80+/- years) and 49% of all critical cases. Those with preexisting conditions (cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes, chronic respiratory disease, hypertension, and cancer) also had higher CRFs. In the United States, 116 million adults have hypertension, 26 million US adults have diabetes mellitus, 9% have preexisting CVD and may therefore be at greater risk of complications or adverse health outcomes from COVID-19 infection.
JO  - Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32298145
DO  - 10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.120.006766
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Interpretations of "Diagnosis and Treatment Protocol for Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (Trial Version 7)"
AU  - Zhao, Jing-Ya
AU  - Yan, Jia-Yang
AU  - Qu, Jie-Ming
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Chin Med J (Engl)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32301757
DO  - 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000866
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications for COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Vaishya, Raju
AU  - Javaid, Mohd
AU  - Khan, Ibrahim Haleem
AU  - Haleem, Abid
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Healthcare delivery requires the support of new technologies like Artificial Intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT), Big Data and Machine Learning to fight and look ahead against the new diseases. We aim to review the role of AI as a decisive technology to analyze, prepare us for prevention and fight with COVID-19 (Coronavirus) and other pandemics. METHODS: The rapid review of the literature is done on the database of Pubmed, Scopus and Google Scholar using the keyword of COVID-19 or Coronavirus and Artificial Intelligence or AI. Collected the latest information regarding AI for COVID-19, then analyzed the same to identify its possible application for this disease. RESULTS: We have identified seven significant applications of AI for COVID-19 pandemic. This technology plays an important role to detect the cluster of cases and to predict where this virus will affect in future by collecting and analyzing all previous data. CONCLUSIONS: Healthcare organizations are in an urgent need for decision-making technologies to handle this virus and help them in getting proper suggestions in real-time to avoid its spread. AI works in a proficient way to mimic like human intelligence. It may also play a vital role in understanding and suggesting the development of a vaccine for COVID-19. This result-driven technology is used for proper screening, analyzing, prediction and tracking of current patients and likely future patients. The significant applications are applied to tracks data of confirmed, recovered and death cases.
JO  - Diabetes Metab Syndr
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32305024
DO  - 10.1016/j.dsx.2020.04.012
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Estimation of effects of nationwide lockdown for containing coronavirus infection on worsening of glycosylated haemoglobin and increase in diabetes-related complications: A simulation model using multivariate regression analysis
AU  - Ghosal, Samit
AU  - Sinha, Binayak
AU  - Majumder, Milan
AU  - Misra, Anoop
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - INTRODUCTION: and aims: To prevent the spread of coronavirus disease (COVID19) total lockdown is in place in India from March 24, 2020 for 21 days. In this study, we aim to assess the impact of the duration of the lockdown on glycaemic control and diabetes-related complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic search was conducted using Cochrane library. A simulation model was created using glycemic data from previous disasters (taken as similar in impact to current lockdown) taking baseline HBA1c and diabetes-related complications data from India-specific database. A multivariate regression analysis was conducted to analyse the relationship between the duration of lockdown and glycaemic targets & diabetes-related complications. RESULTS: The predictive model was extremely robust (R2 = 0.99) and predicted outcomes for period of lockdown up to 90 days. The predicted increment in HBA1c from baseline at the end of 30 days and 45 days lockdown was projected as 2.26% & 3.68% respectively. Similarly, the annual predicted percentage increase in complication rates at the end of 30-day lockdown was 2.8% for non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy, 2.9% for proliferative diabetic retinopathy, 1.5% for retinal photocoagulation, 9.3% for microalbuminuria, 14.2% for proteinuria, 2.9% for peripheral neuropathy, 10.5% for lower extremity amputation, 0.9% for myocardial infarction, 0.5% for stroke and 0.5% for infections. CONCLUSION: The duration of lockdown is directly proportional to the worsening of glycaemic control and diabetes-related complications. Such increase in diabetes-related complications will put additional load on overburdened healthcare system, and also increase COVID19 infections in patients with such uncontrolled glycemia.
JO  - Diabetes Metab Syndr
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32298984
DO  - 10.1016/j.dsx.2020.03.014
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coronavirus anxiety scale: A brief mental health screener for COVID-19 related anxiety
AU  - Lee, Sherman A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Mental health concerns of people impacted by the coronavirus pandemic have not been adequately addressed. The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate the properties of the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS), which is a brief mental health screener to identify probable cases of dysfunctional anxiety associated with the COVID-19 crisis. This 5-item scale, which was based on 775 adults with anxiety over the coronavirus, demonstrated solid reliability and validity. Elevated CAS scores were found to be associated with coronavirus diagnosis, impairment, alcohol/drug coping, negative religious coping, extreme hopelessness, suicidal ideation, as well as attitudes toward President Trump and Chinese products. The CAS discriminates well between persons with and without dysfunctional anxiety using an optimized cut score of >/= 9 (90% sensitivity and 85% specificity). These results support the CAS as an efficient and valid tool for clinical research and practice.
JO  - Death Stud
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32299304
DO  - 10.1080/07481187.2020.1748481
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [Covid-19 epidemic: guidelines issued by the French society of oncology radiotherapy (SFRO) for oncology radiotherapy professionals]
AU  - Giraud, P.
AU  - Monpetit, E.
AU  - Lisbona, A.
AU  - Chargari, C.
AU  - Marchesi, V.
AU  - Dieudonne, A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Cancer Radiother
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32299663
DO  - 10.1016/j.canrad.2020.03.007
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Precautions and Procedures for Coronary and Structural Cardiac Interventions During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Guidance from Canadian Association of Interventional Cardiology
AU  - Wood, David A.
AU  - Sathananthan, Janarthanan
AU  - Gin, Ken
AU  - Mansour, Samer
AU  - Ly, Hung Q.
AU  - Quraishi, Ata-Ur-Rehman
AU  - Lavoie, Andrea
AU  - Lutchmedial, Sohrab
AU  - Nosair, Mohamed
AU  - Bagai, Akshay
AU  - Bainey, Kevin R.
AU  - Boone, Robert H.
AU  - Liu, Shuangbo
AU  - Krahn, Andrew
AU  - Virani, Sean
AU  - Mehta, Shamir R.
AU  - Natarajan, Madhu K.
AU  - Velianou, James L.
AU  - Dehghani, Payam
AU  - Wijeysundera, Harindra C.
AU  - Asgar, Anita W.
AU  - Virani, Alice
AU  - Welsh, Robert C.
AU  - Webb, John G.
AU  - Cohen, Eric A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The globe is currently in the midst of a COVID-19 pandemic, resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. This pandemic has placed considerable stress on health care resources and providers. This document from the Canadian Association of Interventional Cardiology- Association Canadienne de Cardiologie d'intervention, specifically addresses the implications for the care of patients in the cardiac catheterization laboratory (CCL) in Canada during the COVID-19 pandemic. The key principles of this document are to maintain essential interventional cardiovascular care while minimizing risks of COVID-19 to patients and staff and maintaining the overall health care resources. As the COVID-19 pandemic evolves, procedures will be increased or reduced based on the current level of restriction to health care services. Although some consistency across the country is desirable, provincial and regional considerations will influence how these recommendations are implemented. We believe the framework and recommendations in this document will provide crucial guidance for clinicians and policy makers on the management of coronary and structural procedures in the CCL as the COVID-19 pandemic escalates and eventually abates.
JO  - Can J Cardiol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32299781
DO  - 10.1016/j.cjca.2020.03.027
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Guidance On Minimizing Risk of Drug-Induced Ventricular Arrhythmia During Treatment of COVID-19: A Statement from the Canadian Heart Rhythm Society
AU  - Sapp, John L.
AU  - Alqarawi, Wael
AU  - MacIntyre, Ciorsti J.
AU  - Tadros, Rafik
AU  - Steinberg, Christian
AU  - Roberts, Jason D.
AU  - Laksman, Zachary
AU  - Healey, Jeff S.
AU  - Krahn, Andrew D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 pandemic has led to efforts at rapid investigation and application of drugs which may improve prognosis, but for which safety and efficacy are not yet established. This document attempts to provide reasonable guidance for use of antimicrobials which have uncertain benefit but may increase risk of QT prolongation and ventricular proarrhythmia, notably, chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, and lopinavir/ritonavir. During the pandemic, efforts to reduce spread and minimize effects on health care resources mandate minimization of unnecessary medical procedures and testing. We recommend that the risk of drug proarrhythmia be minimized by: 1. discontinuing unnecessary medications which may also increase the QT interval, 2. identifying outpatients who are likely at low risk and do not need further testing (no history of prolonged QT, unexplained syncope or family history of premature sudden cardiac death, no medications which may prolong the QT interval, and/or prior known normal QTc), and 3. performing baseline testing in hospitalized patients or those who may be at higher risk. If baseline ECG testing reveals a moderately prolonged QTc, optimization of medications and electrolytes may permit therapy. If the QTc is markedly prolonged, drugs which further prolong it should be avoided, or expert consultation may permit administration with mitigating precautions. These recommendations are made while there are no known effective treatments for COVID-19 and should be revisited when further data on efficacy and safety becomes available.
JO  - Can J Cardiol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32299753
DO  - 10.1016/j.cjca.2020.04.003
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Post-Discharge Cardiac Care in the Era of Coronavirus 2019: How Should We Prepare?
AU  - Percy, Edward
AU  - Luc, Jessica G. Y.
AU  - Vervoort, Dominique
AU  - Hirji, Sameer
AU  - Ruel, Marc
AU  - Coutinho, Thais
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has placed intense pressure on healthcare organizations around the world. Amongst others, there has been an increasing recognition of common and deleterious cardiovascular effects of COVID-19 based on preliminary studies. Furthermore, patients with pre-existing cardiac disease are likely to experience a more severe disease course with COVID-19. As case numbers continue to increase exponentially, a surge in the number of patients with new or comorbid cardiovascular disease will translate into more frequent, and in some cases, prolonged rehabilitation needs following acute hospitalization. This manuscript describes the current status of post-discharge cardiac care in Canada and provides suggestions with regards to steps that policymakers and healthcare organizations can take to prepare for the COVID-19 pandemic.
JO  - Can J Cardiol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32299750
DO  - 10.1016/j.cjca.2020.04.006
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - What Is the Role of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) in COVID-19 Infection in Hypertensive Patients With Diabetes?
AU  - John, Thadathilankal-Jess
AU  - John, Kiran
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Can J Cardiol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32299779
DO  - 10.1016/j.cjca.2020.03.049
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Cardiac surgery in Canada during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Guidance Statement from the Canadian Society of Cardiac Surgeons
AU  - Hassan, Ansar
AU  - Arora, Rakesh C.
AU  - Adams, Corey
AU  - Bouchard, Denis
AU  - Cook, Richard
AU  - Gunning, Derek
AU  - Lamarche, Yoan
AU  - Malas, Tarek
AU  - Moon, Michael
AU  - Ouzounian, Maral
AU  - Rao, Vivek
AU  - Rubens, Fraser
AU  - Tremblay, Philippe
AU  - Whitlock, Richard
AU  - Moss, Emmanuel
AU  - Legare, Jean-Francois
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared that COVID-19 was a pandemic.(1) At that time, only 118,000 cases had been reported globally, 90% of which had occurred in 4 countries.(1) Since then, the world landscape has changed dramatically. As of March 31, 2020, there are now nearly 800,000 cases with truly global involvement.(2) Countries that were previously unaffected are currently experiencing mounting rates of the novel coronavirus infection with associated increases in COVID-19 related deaths.
JO  - Can J Cardiol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32299752
DO  - 10.1016/j.cjca.2020.04.001
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The differential psychological distress of populations affected by the COVID-19 pandemic
AU  - Zhang, Jie
AU  - Lu, Huipeng
AU  - Zeng, Haiping
AU  - Zhang, Shining
AU  - Du, Qifeng
AU  - Jiang, Tingyun
AU  - Du, Baoguo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Brain Behav Immun
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32304883
DO  - 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.031
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - CAR T Cell Therapy During the COVID-19 Pandemic
AU  - Bachanova, Veronika
AU  - Bishop, Michael R.
AU  - Dahi, Parastoo
AU  - Dholaria, Bhagirathbhai
AU  - Grupp, Stephan A.
AU  - Hayes-Lattin, Brandon
AU  - Janakiram, Murali
AU  - Maziarz, Richard T.
AU  - McGuirk, Joseph P.
AU  - Nastoupil, Loretta J.
AU  - Oluwole, Olalekan O.
AU  - Perales, Miguel-Angel
AU  - Porter, David L.
AU  - Riedell, Peter A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted the delivery of cellular therapeutics, including chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells. This impact has extended beyond patient care to include logistics, administration, and distribution of increasingly limited health care resources. Based on the collective experience of the CAR T-cell Consortium investigators, we review and address several questions and concerns regarding cellular therapy administration in the setting of COVID-19 and make general recommendations to address these issues. Specifically we address: 1) necessary resources for safe administration of cell therapies; 2) determinants of cell therapy utilization; 3) selection among patients with B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas and 4) B-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia; 5) supportive measures during cell therapy administration; 6) use and prioritization of tocilizumab, and 7) collaborative care with referring physicians. These recommendations were carefully formulated with the understanding that resources allocation is of the utmost importance and the decision to proceed with CAR T cell therapy will require extensive discussion of potential risks and benefits. Though these recommendations are fluid, at this time it is our opinion that the COVID-19 pandemic should not serve as reason to defer CAR T cell therapy for patients truly in need of a potentially curative therapy.
JO  - Biol Blood Marrow Transplant
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32298807
DO  - 10.1016/j.bbmt.2020.04.008
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Portable chest X-ray in coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19): A pictorial review
AU  - Jacobi, Adam
AU  - Chung, Michael
AU  - Bernheim, Adam
AU  - Eber, Corey
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - As the global pandemic of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) progresses, many physicians in a wide variety of specialties continue to play pivotal roles in diagnosis and management. In radiology, much of the literature to date has focused on chest CT manifestations of COVID-19 (Zhou et al. [1]; Chung et al. [2]). However, due to infection control issues related to patient transport to CT suites, the inefficiencies introduced in CT room decontamination, and lack of CT availability in parts of the world, portable chest radiography (CXR) will likely be the most commonly utilized modality for identification and follow up of lung abnormalities. In fact, the American College of Radiology (ACR) notes that CT decontamination required after scanning COVID-19 patients may disrupt radiological service availability and suggests that portable chest radiography may be considered to minimize the risk of cross-infection (American College of Radiology [3]). Furthermore, in cases of high clinical suspicion for COVID-19, a positive CXR may obviate the need for CT. Additionally, CXR utilization for early disease detection may also play a vital role in areas around the world with limited access to reliable real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) COVID testing. The purpose of this pictorial review article is to describe the most common manifestations and patterns of lung abnormality on CXR in COVID-19 in order to equip the medical community in its efforts to combat this pandemic.
JO  - Clin Imaging
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32302927
DO  - 10.1016/j.clinimag.2020.04.001
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Antiplatelet Therapy Following Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients Complicated by COVID-19: Implications from Clinical Features to Pathological Findings
AU  - Zhou, Xin
AU  - Li, Yongle
AU  - Yang, Qing
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Circulation
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32298134
DO  - 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.046988
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Geospatial Hotspots Need Point-of-Care Strategies to Stop Highly Infectious Outbreaks: Ebola and Coronavirus
AU  - Kost, Gerald J.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Context. Point-of-care testing (POCT), diagnostic testing at or near the site of patient care, is inherently spatial, that is, performed at points of need, and also intrinsically temporal, because it produces fast actionable results. Outbreaks generate geospatial "hotspots." POC strategies help control hotspots, detect spread, and speed treatment of highly infectious diseases. Objectives. To stop outbreaks, accelerate detection, facilitate emergency response for epidemics, mobilize public health practitioners, enhance community resilience, and improve crisis standards of care. Data Sources. PubMed, WWW, newsprint, others were searched until COVID-19 was declared a pandemic, the US, a national emergency, and Europe, the epicenter. Coverage comprised interviews in Asia, email to/from Wuhan, papers, articles, chapters, documents, maps, flowcharts, schematics, and geospatial-associated concepts. EndNote X9.1 (Clarivate Analytics) consolidated literature as abstracts, ULRs, and PDFs, recovering 136 hotspot articles. More than 500 geospatial science articles were assessed for relevance to point-of-care testing. Conclusions POCT can interrupt spirals of dysfunction and delay by enhancing disease detection, decision making, contagion containment, and safe spacing, thereby softening outbreak surges and diminishing risk before human, economic, and cultural losses mount. Point-of-care tests results identify where infected individuals spread COVID-19, when delays cause death, and how to deploy resources. Results in national cloud databases help optimize outbreak control, mitigation, emergency response, and community resilience. The COVID-19 pandemic demonstrates unequivocally that governments must support POCT and multidisciplinary healthcare personnel must learn its principles, then adopt POC geospatial strategies, so that onsite diagnostic testing can ramp up to meet needs in times of crisis.
JO  - Arch Pathol Lab Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32298139
DO  - 10.5858/arpa.2020-0172-RA
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - VIRAL TRANSPORTATION IN COVID-19 PANDEMIC: INACTIVATED VIRUS TRANSPORTATION SHOULD BE IMPLEMENTED FOR SAFE TRANSPORTATION AND HANDLING AT DIAGNOSTICS LABORATORIES
AU  - Dewar, Rajan
AU  - Baunoch, David
AU  - Wojno, Kirk
AU  - Parkash, Vinita
AU  - Khosravi-Far, Roya
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Arch Pathol Lab Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32298137
DO  - 10.5858/arpa.2020-0175-LE
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Severe Respiratory Failure during Respiratory Epidemics and Pandemics: A Narrative Review
AU  - Lim, Joel Kian Boon
AU  - Qadri, Syeda Kashfi
AU  - Toh, Theresa Shu Wen
AU  - Lin, Cheryl Bin
AU  - Mok, Yee Hui
AU  - Lee, Jan Hau
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - INTRODUCTION: Epidemics and pandemics from zoonotic respiratory viruses, such as the 2019 novel coronavirus, can lead to significant global intensive care burden as patients progress to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). A subset of these patients develops refractory hypoxaemia despite maximal conventional mechanical ventilation and require extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). This review focuses on considerations for ventilatory strategies, infection control and patient selection related to ECMO for ARDS in a pandemic. We also summarize the experiences with ECMO in previous respiratory pandemics. METHODS: A review of pertinent studies was conducted via a search using MEDLINE, EMBASE and Google Scholar. References of articles were also examined to identify other relevant publications. RESULTS: Since the H1N1 Influenza pandemic in 2009, the use of ECMO for ARDS continues to grow despite limitations in evidence for survival benefit. There is emerging evidence to suggest that lung protective ventilation for ARDS can be further optimized while receiving ECMO so as to minimize ventilator-induced lung injury and subsequent contributions to multi-organ failure. Efforts to improve outcomes should also encompass appropriate infection control measures to reduce co-infections and prevent nosocomial transmission of novel respiratory viruses. Patient selection for ECMO in a pandemic can be challenging. We discuss important ethical considerations and predictive scoring systems that may assist clinical decision-making to optimize resource allocation. CONCLUSION: The role of ECMO in managing ARDS during respiratory pandemics continues to grow. This is supported by efforts to redefine optimal ventilatory strategies, reinforce infection control measures and enhance patient selection.
JO  - Ann Acad Med Singapore
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32296808
DO  - 
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Counting Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Cases: Case Definitions, Screened Populations and Testing Techniques Matter
AU  - Koh, David
AU  - Cunningham, Anne Catherine
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - While counting cases of disease appears straightforward, there are issues to consider when enumerating disease counts during an epidemic. For example, for Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19), how is a case defined? Hubei province in China changed its case definition twice in a fortnight-from laboratory-confirmed cases to clinically-confirmed cases without laboratory tests, and back to laboratory-confirmed cases. This caused confusion in the reported number of cases. If a confirmed case requires laboratory testing, what is the population who are laboratory-tested? Due to limited laboratory testing capacity in the early phase of an emerging epidemic, only "suspected cases" are laboratory-tested in most countries. This will result in underdiagnosis of confirmed cases and also raises the question: how is a "suspect case" defined? With the passage of time and increased capability to perform laboratory tests, more people can be screened and the number of confirmed cases will increase. What are the technical considerations of laboratory testing? This includes specimen collection (variable collection methods), samples collected (upper or lower respiratory tract biospecimens), time of collection in relation to course of disease, different laboratory test methods and kits (not all of which may be standardised or approved by authorities such as the Food and Drug Administration). Are approved laboratory facilities and trained manpower available, and how are test results interpreted and false-negatives excluded? These issues will affect the accuracy of disease counts, which in turn will have implications on how we mount an appropriate response to the outbreak.
JO  - Ann Acad Med Singapore
PB  - 
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VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32301478
DO  - 
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N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 in solid organ transplant recipients: a single-center case series from Spain
AU  - Fernandez-Ruiz, Mario
AU  - Andres, Amado
AU  - Loinaz, Carmelo
AU  - Delgado, Juan F.
AU  - Lopez-Medrano, Francisco
AU  - San Juan, Rafael
AU  - Gonzalez, Esther
AU  - Polanco, Natalia
AU  - Folgueira, Maria Dolores
AU  - Lalueza, Antonio
AU  - Lumbreras, Carlos
AU  - Aguado, Jose Maria
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - The clinical characteristics, management and outcome of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) after solid organ transplantation (SOT) remain unknown. We report our preliminary experience with 18 SOT (kidney [44.4%], liver [33.3%] and heart [22.2%]) recipients diagnosed with COVID-19 by March 23, 2020 at a tertiary-care center at Madrid. Median age at diagnosis was 71.0 +/- 12.8 years, and the median interval since transplantation was 9.3 years. Fever (83.3%) and radiographic abnormalities in form of unilateral or bilateral/multifocal consolidations (72.2%) were the most common presentations. Lopinavir/ritonavir (usually associated with hydroxychloroquine [HCQ]) was used in 50.0% of patients, and had to be prematurely discontinued in two of them. Other antiviral regimens included HCQ monotherapy (27.8%) and interferon-beta (16.7%). As of April 4, the case fatality rate was 27.8% (5/18). After a median follow-up of 18 days from symptom onset, 30.8% (4/13) of survivors developed progressive respiratory failure, 7.7% (1/13) showed stable clinical condition or improvement, and 61.5% (8/13) had been discharged home. C reactive protein levels at various points were significantly higher among recipients that experienced unfavorable outcome. In conclusion, this frontline report suggests that SARS-CoV-2 infection has a severe course in SOT recipients.
JO  - Am J Transplant
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32301155
DO  - 10.1111/ajt.15929
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Covid-19: Coronavirus was first described in The BMJ in 1965
AU  - Mahase, Elisabeth
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - BMJ
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32299810
DO  - 10.1136/bmj.m1547
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Hospital Preparedness for COVID-19: A Practical Guide from a Critical Care Perspective
AU  - Griffin, Kelly M.
AU  - Karas, Maria G.
AU  - Ivascu, Natalia S.
AU  - Lief, Lindsay
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - In response to the estimated potential impact of COVID-19 on New York City hospitals, our institution prepared for an influx of critically ill patients. Multiple areas of surge planning progressed simultaneously focused on infection control, clinical operational challenges, intensive care unit surge capacity, staffing, ethics and maintenance of staff wellness. Protocols developed focused on clinical decisions around intubation, the use of high-flow oxygen, infectious disease consultation and cardiac arrest. Mechanisms to increase bed capacity as well as increase efficiency in intensive care units by outsourcing procedures were implemented. Novel uses of technology to minimize staff exposure to COVID-19, as well as to facilitate family engagement and end of life discussions were encouraged. Education and communication remained key in attempting to standardize care, stay apprized on emerging data as well as to review seminal literature on respiratory failure. Challenges were encountered, and overcome through interdisciplinary collaboration and iterative surge planning as intensive care unit admissions rose. Support was provided for both clinical and nonclinical staff affected by the profound impact COVID-19 had on our city. We describe in granular detail, the procedures and processes developed during a one month period while surge planning was ongoing and the need for intensive care unit capacity rose exponentially. The approaches described provide a potential roadmap for centers that must rapidly adapt to the tremendous challenge introduced by this and potential future pandemics. This article is open access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives License 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
JO  - Am J Respir Crit Care Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32298146
DO  - 10.1164/rccm.202004-1037CP
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pregnant versus non-pregnant SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Hospital Admissions: The first 4 weeks in New York
AU  - Tekbali, Asma
AU  - Grunebaum, Amos
AU  - Saraya, Abraham
AU  - McCullough, Laurence
AU  - Bornstein, Eran
AU  - Chervenak, Frank A.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Am J Obstet Gynecol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32304691
DO  - 10.1016/j.ajog.2020.04.012
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Will the status of infection prevention and control (IPC) professionals be improved in the context of COVID-19?
AU  - Wang, Jiancong
AU  - Liu, Fangfei
AU  - Zhou, Mouqing
AU  - Lee, Yew Fong
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Am J Infect Control
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32303372
DO  - 10.1016/j.ajic.2020.04.003
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Presenting as Acute Hepatitis
AU  - Wander, Praneet
AU  - Epstein, Marcia
AU  - Bernstein, David
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Am J Gastroenterol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32301760
DO  - 10.14309/ajg.0000000000000660
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Digestive Symptoms in COVID-19 Patients With Mild Disease Severity: Clinical Presentation, Stool Viral RNA Testing, and Outcomes
AU  - Han, Chaoqun
AU  - Duan, Caihan
AU  - Zhang, Shengyan
AU  - Spiegel, Brennan
AU  - Shi, Huiying
AU  - Wang, Weijun
AU  - Zhang, Lei
AU  - Lin, Rong
AU  - Liu, Jun
AU  - Ding, Zhen
AU  - Hou, Xiaohua
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVES: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) most commonly presents with respiratory symptoms, including cough, shortness of breath, and sore throat. However, digestive symptoms also occur in patients with COVID-19 and are often described in outpatients with less severe disease. In this study, we sought to describe the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients with digestive symptoms and mild disease severity. METHODS: We identified COVID-19 patients with mild disease and one or more digestive symptoms (diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting), with or without respiratory symptoms, and compared them with a group presenting solely with respiratory symptoms. We followed up patients clinically until they tested negative for COVID-19 on at least 2 sequential respiratory tract specimens collected >/=24 hours apart. We then compared the clinical features between those with digestive symptoms and those with respiratory symptoms. RESULTS: There were 206 patients with low severity COVID-19, including 48 presenting with a digestive symptom alone, 69 with both digestive and respiratory symptoms, and 89 with respiratory symptoms alone. Between the 2 groups with digestive symptoms, 67 presented with diarrhea, of whom 19.4% experienced diarrhea as the first symptom in their illness course. The diarrhea lasted from 1 to 14 days, with an average duration of 5.4 +/- 3.1 days and a frequency of 4.3 +/- 2.2 bowel movements per day. Concurrent fever was found in 62.4% of patients with a digestive symptom. Patients with digestive symptoms presented for care later than those with respiratory symptoms (16.0 +/- 7.7 vs 11.6 +/- 5.1 days, P < 0.001). Nevertheless, patients with digestive symptoms had a longer duration between symptom onset and viral clearance (P < 0.001) and were more likely to be fecal virus positive (73.3% vs 14.3%, P = 0.033) than those with respiratory symptoms. DISCUSSION: We describe a unique subgroup of COVID-19 patients with mild disease severity marked by the presence of digestive symptoms. These patients are more likely to test positive for viral RNA in stool, to have a longer delay before viral clearance, and to experience delayed diagnosis compared with patients with only respiratory symptoms.
JO  - Am J Gastroenterol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32301761
DO  - 10.14309/ajg.0000000000000664
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chest CT and Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): A Critical Review of the Literature to Date
AU  - Raptis, Constantine A.
AU  - Hammer, Mark M.
AU  - Short, Ryan G.
AU  - Shah, Amar
AU  - Bhalla, Sanjeev
AU  - Bierhals, Andrew J.
AU  - Filev, Peter D.
AU  - Hope, Michael D.
AU  - Jeudy, Jean
AU  - Kligerman, Seth J.
AU  - Henry, Travis S.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - OBJECTIVE. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a global pandemic. Studies in the radiology literature have suggested that CT might be sufficiently sensitive and specific in diagnosing COVID-19 when used in lieu of a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction test; however, this suggestion runs counter to current society guidelines. The purpose of this article is to critically review some of the most frequently cited studies on the use of CT for detecting COVID-19. CONCLUSION. To date, the radiology literature on COVID-19 has consisted of limited retrospective studies that do not substantiate the use of CT as a diagnostic test for COVID-19.
JO  - AJR Am J Roentgenol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32298149
DO  - 10.2214/AJR.20.23202
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Follow-Up Information About the Four Pregnant Patients With Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Pneumonia Who Were Still in the Hospital at the End of Our Study
AU  - Li, Lin
AU  - Liu, Dehan
AU  - Yang, Lian
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - AJR Am J Roentgenol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32298148
DO  - 10.2214/AJR.20.23247
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Radiologic Findings of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): Clinical Correlation Is Recommended
AU  - Kooraki, Soheil
AU  - Hosseiny, Melina
AU  - Gholamrezanezhad, Ali
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - AJR Am J Roentgenol
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32298150
DO  - 10.2214/AJR.20.23211
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - From Viral City to Smart City: Learning from Pandemic Experiences
AU  - Sakellarides, Constantino
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Acta Med Port
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32304373
DO  - 10.20344/amp.13841
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [COVID-19 and the Invisible Damage]
AU  - Melo, Renato Bessa de
AU  - Tavares, Nuno Teixeira
AU  - Duarte, Raquel
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Acta Med Port
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32297591
DO  - 10.20344/amp.13911
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19: Crisis Management in Congenital Heart Surgery
AU  - Stephens, Elizabeth H.
AU  - Dearani, Joseph A.
AU  - Guleserian, Kristine J.
AU  - Overman, David M.
AU  - Tweddell, James S.
AU  - Backer, Carl L.
AU  - Romano, Jennifer C.
AU  - Bacha, Emile
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Ann Thorac Surg
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32302660
DO  - 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2020.04.001
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 & the General Surgical Department - Measures to Reduce Spread of SARS-COV-2 Among Surgeons
AU  - Yeo, Danson
AU  - Yeo, Charleen
AU  - Kaushal, Sanghvi
AU  - Tan, Glenn
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Ann Surg
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32301805
DO  - 10.1097/SLA.0000000000003957
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Distancing of Surgeon from Patient in the era of COVID-19: Bring on the Innovation
AU  - Scalea, Joseph R.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Ann Surg
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32301808
DO  - 10.1097/SLA.0000000000003962
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Multidisciplinary Team Approach for Triage of Elective Cancer Surgery at the Massachusetts General Hospital During the Novel Coronavirus COVID-19 Outbreak
AU  - Qadan, Motaz
AU  - Hong, Theodore S.
AU  - Tanabe, Kenneth K.
AU  - Ryan, David P.
AU  - Lillemoe, Keith D.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Ann Surg
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32301804
DO  - 10.1097/SLA.0000000000003963
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Low Cost, Safe and Effective Method for Smoke Evacuation in Laparoscopic Surgery for Suspected Coronavirus Patients
AU  - Mintz, Yoav
AU  - Arezzo, Alberto
AU  - Boni, Luigi
AU  - Chand, Manish
AU  - Brodie, Ronit
AU  - Fingerhut, Abe
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Ann Surg
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32301809
DO  - 10.1097/SLA.0000000000003965
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Lung Transplantation for elderly patients with end-stage COVID-19 Pneumonia
AU  - Han, Weili
AU  - Zhu, Manhua
AU  - Chen, Jun
AU  - Zhang, Jing
AU  - Zhu, Shengmei
AU  - Li, Tong
AU  - Cai, Hongliu
AU  - Fang, Qiang
AU  - Wei, Guoqing
AU  - Liang, Tingbo
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Ann Surg
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32301803
DO  - 10.1097/SLA.0000000000003955
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Emergency Surgery in Suspected COVID-19 Patients with Acute Abdomen: Case Series and Perspectives
AU  - Gao, Yunhe
AU  - Xi, Hongqing
AU  - Chen, Lin
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Ann Surg
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32301807
DO  - 10.1097/SLA.0000000000003961
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - COVID-19 Preparedness within the Surgical, Obstetric and Anesthetic Ecosystem in Sub Saharan Africa
AU  - Ademuyiwa, Adesoji O.
AU  - Bekele, Abebe
AU  - Berhea, Atakltie Baraki
AU  - Borgstein, Eric
AU  - Capo-Chichi, Nina
AU  - Derbew, Miliard
AU  - Evans, Faye M.
AU  - Feyssa, Mekdes Daba
AU  - Galukande, Moses
AU  - Gawande, Atul A.
AU  - Gueye, Serigne Magueye
AU  - Harrison, Ewen
AU  - Jani, Pankaj
AU  - Kaseje, Neema
AU  - Litswa, Louis
AU  - Mammo, Tihitena Negussie
AU  - Mellin-Olsen, Jannicke
AU  - Muguti, Godfrey
AU  - Nabukenya, Mary T.
AU  - Ngoga, Eugene
AU  - Ntirenganya, Faustin
AU  - Rulisa, Stephen
AU  - Starr, Nichole
AU  - Tabiri, Stephen
AU  - Tadesse, Mahelet
AU  - Walker, Isabeau
AU  - Weiser, Thomas G.
AU  - Wren, Sherry M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Ann Surg
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32301806
DO  - 10.1097/SLA.0000000000003964
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Management of rheumatic diseases in the time of covid-19 pandemic: perspectives of rheumatology practitioners from India
AU  - Gupta, Latika
AU  - Misra, Durga Prasanna
AU  - Agarwal, Vishwesh
AU  - Balan, Suma
AU  - Agarwal, Vikas
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Ann Rheum Dis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32299795
DO  - 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-217509
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Antirheumatic agents in covid-19: is IL-6 the right target?
AU  - Capecchi, Pier Leopoldo
AU  - Lazzerini, Pietro Enea
AU  - Volterrani, Luca
AU  - Mazzei, Maria Antonietta
AU  - Rossetti, Barbara
AU  - Zanelli, Giacomo
AU  - Bennett, David
AU  - Bargagli, Elena
AU  - Franchi, Federico
AU  - Cameli, Matteo
AU  - Valente, Serafina
AU  - Cantarini, Luca
AU  - Frediani, Bruno
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Ann Rheum Dis
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32299796
DO  - 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-217523
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pandemic Surge Models in the Time of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2: Wrong or Useful?
AU  - Wong, John B.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Ann Intern Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32298421
DO  - 10.7326/M20-1956
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Estimating the Maximum Capacity of COVID-19 Cases Manageable per Day Given a Health Care System's Constrained Resources
AU  - Giannakeas, Vasily
AU  - Bhatia, Deepit
AU  - Warkentin, Matthew T.
AU  - Bogoch, Isaac I.
AU  - Stall, Nathan M.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - 
JO  - Ann Intern Med
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32298412
DO  - 10.7326/M20-1169
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
TI  - [COVID-19 pandemia: Impact on the cariovascular system. Data of 1(st) April 2020]
AU  - El Boussadani, B.
AU  - Benajiba, C.
AU  - Aajal, A.
AU  - Ait Brik, A.
AU  - Ammour, O.
AU  - El Hangouch, J.
AU  - Oussama, O.
AU  - Oussama, B.
AU  - Tahiri, N.
AU  - Raissuni, Z.
PY  - 2020
PD  - 
N2  - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infects host cells with angiotensin receptors, leading to pneumonia linked to COVID-19. The virus has a double impact on the cardiovascular system, the infection will be more intense if the host has cardiovascular co-morbidities and the virus can cause life-threatening cardiovascular lesions. Therapies associated with COVID-19 may have adverse cardiovascular effects. Therefore, special attention should be given to cardiovascular protection during COVID-19 infection.
JO  - Ann Cardiol Angeiol (Paris)
PB  - 
CY  - 
VL  - 
IS  - 
PG  - 
SP  - 
EP  - 
AN  - 32303363
DO  - 10.1016/j.ancard.2020.04.001
UR  - 
NS  - 
N1  - 
ER  - 

